Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychology and the Education of Persons in British Columbia: A Critical Interpretive Investigation.

Psychological theory and research assume conceptions of the self that are highly individualistic and instrumental. When incorporated into educational theory and practice, such conceptions serve to elevate goals and strategies of self-fulfilment and individual freedom over goals and practices that emphasize citizenship and civic virtue. We present a brief, critical history of self studies in psychology as applied to education, as well as an example of the influence of psychological conceptions of the self on elementary school curricula in British Columbia. We conclude that the autonomous, self-governing individual is celebrated at the expense of the socially dependent, committed citizen.
What Captures Gaze in Visual Design - Insights from Cognitive Psychology

Visual information is vital for user behaviour and thus of utmost importance to design. Consequently, tracking and interpreting gaze data has been the target of increasing amounts of research in design science. This research is in part facilitated by new methods, such as eye-tracking, becoming more readily available. Visual attention is the principle mechanism that governs where we direct our gaze. Understanding the factors that influence how attention is directed is therefore necessary for understanding user intentions and gaze patterns. In this paper, we provide an overview of the characteristics and factors that have been experimentally shown to capture attention, as well as those factors that modulate the capture and direction of attention. We do so by drawing on the large body of evidence provided by cognitive psychology, as we believe this research area could potentially provide a source of untapped potential for the design science community.
High Temperature Affects Cytokine Release by Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Background: Fever is one of the leading signs of the inflammatory process and it is one of the mechanisms that activate the immune system to defend the organism from various pathogens. For this goal, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are among the first to be mobilized by triggering their capacity for phagocytosis and inflammatory cytokine production. However, their activation in the living organism is the outcome of several factors, including fever. The aim of the present work was to examine the effect of elevated temperature only on the capacity of human PBMC to produce inflammatory cytokines Methods: Stimulated and non-stimulated PBMC from healthy donors were treated with 37°C and 40°C for 4 and 24 hours. At the end of the incubation period the level of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ra, IL-2 and IFNγ was detected using ELISA kits. Results: Non-stimulated PBMC incubated at 37°C produced similar amounts of TNFα and IL-1β at 4 and 24 hrs. The expression of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1ra was higher after 24 hrs as compared with that produced after 4 hrs. As for LPS-stimulated cells the production of all cytokines tested was increased significantly during 24 hrs of incubation except for the level of TNFα that did not differ significantly between 4 and 24 hrs of stimulation. Non-stimulated PBMC did not secrete detectable amounts of IL-2 or IFNγ, and that produced by PMA/ionomycin stimulated cells was significantly higher after 24 hrs of incubation as compared to 4 hrs. Elevation of the incubation temperature from 37°C to 40°C caused various degrees of inhibition in the generation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions: Exposure of unstimulated and stimulated PBMC to 40°C induced various degrees of inhibition in the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines compared to cells incubated at 37°C. This observation may clarify the way the immune cells react in cases with fever.
A Comparative Study on Antioxidative Properties of Carameled Reducing Sugars; Inhibitory Effect on Lipid Oxidative and Sensory Improvement of Glucose Carameled Products in Shrimp Flesh

The aim of the present study was to compare three reducing sugars (D-glucose, Darabinose, D-mannose) with respect to the antioxidative activity characteristics of their Caramelisation Products (CPs) prepared by monitoring UV-absorbance, browning intensity, ferric ion reducing capacity, Fe 2+ ion chelating activity as well as DPPH radical scavenging activity. Moreover, the effect of CPs from D-glucose on prevention of lipid oxidation and improvement of sensory characteristics were examined in Indian shrimp flesh ( Penaeus indicus ) during its frozen storage for a duration of 6 months. The reducing sugars were heated at 100°C at pH 10 for 100 minutes to generate CPs. Results revealed greater antioxidant activity of the hexoses, D-glucose and D-mannose, than that of the pentose sugar, D-arabinose, as evidenced by the higher UV-absorbance, browning development, reducing power, chelating as well as DPPH radical scavenging activity. Results of the chemical analysis including TBARs and FFA proved that the addition of CPs from glucose (G-CPs) could retard the formation of compounds produced over lipid oxidation in G-CPs-added shrimps (P< 0.05). More desirability in sensory attributes of the shrimps treated with G-CPs was expressed than in the untreated samples during the 6 months of storage. These results reflect that G-CPs can be utilized as additives in seafood with appropriate antioxidative and techno-functional properties.
Site-speci fi c associations of muscle thickness with bone mineral density in middle-aged and older men and women

T Abe, JP Loenneke, KC Young, VK Nahar, KM Hollaway, CD Stover, MA Ford, MA Bass, SG Owens, M Loftin Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, School of Applied Sciences, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA Department of Human Performance Studies, College of Education, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA Department of Sports and Life Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan Department of Health, Physical Education, and Exercise Science, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, USA Department of Dermatology, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine – Auburn Campus, Auburn, AL, USA
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF NBTs IN PLACEMENT OF FIRST YEAR STUDENTS IN SCIENCES

This paper reports on an investigation into the National Benchmark Test (NBT) as predictor and placement instrument of first year students in Science and Engineering programmes. The NBT consist of two tests: an Academic and Quantitative Literacy test as well as the Mathematics test and determines students’ readiness for higher education. In contrast the school leaving examination determines if the school leaver achieved a pass in the Grade 12 examination. This research reports on academic performance of first-year Science and Engineering students at the University of Johannesburg from 2012 to 2014. The data set contains the school profile (National Senior Certificate results and NBT results) compared with the university results in gateway modules such as Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics at first year level. The research question for this paper is: Does the NBT score provide predictive value to place first year students in Science modules? The investigation measured the predictive value of the APS (as a measure of the Gr 12 result) and the NBT results towards performance in university modules in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics at first year level. The relationship between performance in the Grade 12 and the NBT Mathematics test toward specific first-year modules was examined by means of hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The analysis provide evidence that the NBT can make a contribution towards predicting success and should be considered as a diagnostic instrument. The findings indicate that variance greater than 25% can be explained by the Grade 12 and the NBT Mathematics results and should be applied when students arrive at institutions. Knowing before the first university assessment that students would seek support and more attention should assist students before they drop-out or fail. Institutions could apply this knowledge to suggest various intervention of which placing students in appropriate programmes or support structures are but a few suggestions.
Development a Single Zone Heat Release Model

Single zone heat release models can effectively be used to model diesel engine combustion process with acceptable degree of accuracy. These models are mainly depend on double Wiebe function which requires as many as six parameters in order to predict the heat release rate (HRR) accurately. However, Wiebe function does not look into the physical air fuel mixing process during the ignition delay (ID) which makes their predictions far from understanding the relation between the HRR and the physical interaction between air and fuel prior to combustion. Whitehouse and Way model covers the physical process since it deals with the mass of fuel injected and the partial pressure of oxygen in which the reaction rate is computed by an Arrhenius type expression. In this work, a strong relationship between HRR and air mass entrained during the ID has been shown. A new single zone heat release model based on Whitehouse and Way model for diesel engine has been developed in order to predict the HRR using standard diesel fuel. The new model has shown to give good results compared to experimental data.
'Fourth places': the contemporary public settings for informal social interaction among strangers

This paper introduces ‘fourth places’ as an additional category of informal social settings alongside ‘third places’. Through extensive empirical fieldwork on where and how social interaction among strangers occurs in the public and semi-public spaces of a contemporary masterplanned neighbourhood, this paper reveals that ‘fourth places’ are closely related to ‘third places’ in terms of social and behavioural characteristics, involving a radical departure from the routines of home and work, inclusivity and social comfort. However, the activities, users, locations and spatial conditions that support them are very different. They are characterized by ‘in-betweenness’ in terms of spaces, activities, time and management, as well as a great sense of publicness. This paper will demonstrate that the latter conditions are effective in breaking the ‘placelessness’ and ‘fortress’ designs of newly designed urban public spaces and that, by doing so, they make ‘fourth places’ sociologically more open in order to bring strangers together. The recognition of these findings problematizes well-established urban design theories and redefines several spatial concepts for designing public space. Ultimately, the findings also bring optimism to urban design practice, offering new insights into how to design more lively and inclusive public spaces.
Comparative analysis of vehicular emissions in urban and rural milieus: A case study of Port Harcourt and Etche in Rivers State, Nigeria

Vehicular emissions have emerged as one of the major sources of air pollution in urban centers. The increasing intensity of road traffic congestions as a result of many vehicles is a serious threat in Port Harcourt environment. Also, a plan by the Rivers State Government to extend the city Centre to Etche Local Government is a major concern. This study analyzed the concentrations of carbon monoxide, Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide respectively, in both Port Harcourt (urban milieu) and Etche (Rural Milieu). A simple random, sampling technique was adopted in selecting the sample locations in both milieus. From the analysis, carbon monoxide gave the highest concentration in the two peak periods (morning and evening), and for both milieus; sulphur dioxide was found to have the lowest concentration, for both Port Harcourt and Etche. Statistical package for social science (SPSS version 17.0) was used, and the statistical tools adopted in analyzing the three research hypothesis formulated were Analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Regression analysis. Findings, indicated that a significant difference exist between the concentration of pollutant in Port Harcourt, and Etche Areas. Secondly; the air pollution is higher during the peak periods in Port Harcourt Environment, and the meteorological parameters considered, significantly influence pollutant dispersion in both milieus. The analysis Shows that the urban milieu are more polluted than rural milieu, and that traffic congestion in Port Harcourt city is a serious threat to traffic wardens, and road side business operators.
Asymmetries in sub-extraction out of np in Slovenian: a magnitude estimation study

In this work, we aim to clarify the empirical paradigm that bears on two aspects of syntactic locality in Slovenian. First, building on previous work, we investigate how robustly Slovenian observes the syntactic locality constraint precluding constituent sub-extraction out of subject noun phrases. Second, we ask whether Slovenian allows Left Branch Extraction in interrogative and non-interrogative sentences. To elucidate both issues, we conducted a magnitude estimation study, the results of which support our previous claim that there is a subject island effect in Slovenian. Furthermore, our results suggest that Slovenian disallows Left Branch Extraction, in contrast with some other Slavic languages. We also discuss theoretical consequences of our empirical findings.
Childbearing within marriage and consensual union in Latin America 1980-2010.

type="main"> This article compares the fertility patterns of women in consensual union and marriage in 13 Latin American countries, using census microdata from the four most recent census rounds and a methodological approach that combines the own-children method and Poisson regression. Results show that in all these countries, fertility is slightly higher within consensual union than marriage and that the age pattern of fertility is very similar in marital and non-marital unions. Further analyses show that over the period considered, childbearing within a consensual union has changed from rare to increasingly common, although not yet mainstream, for highly educated women in most countries examined. Results show that in Latin America, at least since the 1980s, women's childbearing patterns depend on their age and on their being in a conjugal relationship, but not on the legal nature of this relationship. The similarities in reproductive behavior between marital and non-marital unions are not confined to the socially disadvantaged groups, but apply as well to the better off.
Evalution of Antioxidant Activity of Various Herbal Folk Medicines

The leaves of some plants are flamed and used to dress injured skin, to stimulate healing and to ward off infection. This study aims to determine antioxidant activities of Plantago lanceolata L. , Plantago major L. ssp. major, Rubus hirtus Waldst& Kit. , Sambucus ebulus L. , Morus alba L. and Hedera helix L. , which grown in Duzce and its surroundings and are used for anti-inflammatory purposes, and especially for wound-healing. The total phenolic compound of these plants was also evaluated. In order to determine the antioxidant compounds and antioxidant capacity of these plants, different in vitro methods. Resulting from our study, while P. lanceolata, R. hirtus, S. ebulus and P.major ssp. major had similarities in terms of phenolic compounds content, M. alba and H. helix were found to have relatively low content of phenolic compounds. In general, Plantago species and R. hirtus showed high antioxidant activities.
Ergodic Decomposition of Quasi-Invariant Measures

In this paper we shall consider mainly ergodic decomposition of translationally quasi-invariant (simply, quasi-invariant) measures which are defined on the usual Borel tf-field 23 (12°°) of R°°. For the notions of quasi-invariance and ergodicity, we refer [9] or [10]. The set of all probability measures on 83(12°°) will be denoted by M(R°°')) and the subset of M(R°°) which consists of all IC-quasiinvariant measures will be denoted by M0(J2°°). K? is the set of all x=(xl,-~, xn,'-}^R°° such that xn — Q except for a finite number of w's. For t^BT and ft^M(R°°), we put #eM(B°") as follows, //,(B) = /i(B-0 for all BeS3(IT).
In vitro anti-diabetic activity of parasitic plant, Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f) Ettingsh

In the present investigation, we have used parasitic plant Dendrophthoe falcata (grows on neem) to analyze phytochemicals and evaluated for in vitro anti-diabetic activity using four different solvent extracts. The aqueous and methanol extracts yielded saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic substances at higher concentration compared to other two extracts. The aqueous and methanol extracts also strongly inhibited the important diabetic enzymes (a-amylase, a-glucosidase, â-glucosidase and sucrase) in vitro. Further work is needed to analyse exact antidiabetic compound by separation and biophysical characterization of each compounds.
Macroscopic flow structures in a bubbling paper pulp-water slurry

The hydrodynamic characteristics of three-phase slurry columns containing water, paper fibers, and air have been experimentally investigated. Such systems are relevant to flotation deinking, a critical but poorly understood separation process in the production of recycled paper. Two transparent bubble columns were used, one for quiescent liquid and one for cocurrent air and liquid flow. Water and dilute aqueous pulp slurries were studied using γ-densitometry to obtain local gas holdup (void fraction). Results in pulp slurries were significantly different than in pure water. In the quiescent flow system, network formation alters bubble size distributions and promotes transition to regimes with lower interfacial area. In contrast, with cocurrent flow, gas holdup and interfacial area can be greater in pulp slurries than in pure water. Results are explained in terms of the effects of fibers and flocs on flow behavior. Potential applications of this work for improved deinking performance are discussed.
Spatial incidence of large-scale power plant curtailment costs

Strongly correlated and spatially concentrated curtailment of power plants strongly affects the electricity market. Such curtailment is observed during heat waves in middle Europe, for example. First, curtailed power plants need to be substituted by more expensive ones. Second, additional congestion of the electricity grid may constrain substitution. These consequences and their spatial incidence have yet not been thoroughly assessed at the level of a national electricity system. Does congestion excessively amplifes curtailment costs? Do costs remain localized? How does the cost incidence depend on the market design? We employ a calibrated DC load flow model of the German electricity system that simulates an energy-only market followed by redispatch, as well as nodal prices, for a representative week and renewable feed-in scenarios. We find that spatially concentrated curtailment by 10% of Germany's installed non-renewable generation capacity leads to a 3% welfare loss of the market value, but that loss is not driven by congestion. The electricity price rises by 14% in average, and up to 17% in peak load hours. Consumers bear the burden of curtailment, whereas producer gain in the aggregate. Effects considerably spill over to other regions. While consumers in Southern Germany always lose, consumers in Eastern and Western Germany may gain welfare. Nodal pricing reduces loss by up to 1.5%, and shifts a larger burden to consumers and to Southern Germany. The aggregated economic effects of curtailment are manageable in Germany, but its distributional effects are multiple times larger.
Proximate , Mineral and Vitamin Analysis of Fresh and Canned Tomato

Many forms of preserved tomato are today available in the market. They range from dried, canned juiced and some other forms. These are to ensure nonstop supply of the fruit throughout the year and to prevent spoilage. However, in many cases; when a food item is subjected to the preservation techniques, they tend to lose some nutrients compared to the fresh food item. The current study aimed at comparing the nutritional contents of canned and fresh tomato obtained from the market. Proximate, mineral and vitamin analysis conducted on three samples of canned tomato paste (C1, C2 and C3) and fresh tomato (Cf) show that, the fresh tomato has high percentage composition of moisture (93.8±3.00) and fat (0.62±0.08) than the three canned tomato. However, it has the least percentage composition of carbohydrate (2.52±0.01), protein (1.00±0.49), crude fibre (1.21±0.99) and ash (0.85±0.01) compared to canned tomato (p<0.05). When Mineral analysis was conducted, it indicate that sodium, potassium, and calcium concentrations are significantly higher in canned tomato (p<0.05), while the iron was found to be significantly higher in fresh tomato (p<0.05). Vitamin A content of fresh tomato is higher while that of vitamin C is higher in canned tomato.
Why we can't confirm the pollution haven hypothesis: A model of carbon leakage with agglomeration

The literature on carbon leakage has not yet benefitted from many of the insights of the â€˜New Economic Geographyâ€™ (NEG). Most studies assume both an absence of agglomeration forces and that factors do not move inter-regionally. This paper develops a 2-region NEG model with factor mobility to study the impact of regionally-differentiated environmental regulation on the location of polluting firms. There are three main results: (i) trade liberalisation can reduce firmsâ€™ incentives to relocate in response to a regulatory disadvantage; this arises because trade liberalisation increases the agglomeration forces attracting firms to a given location, and may explain why the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH), which is a common prediction of standard trade models of environmental regulation, has been so difficult to detect empirically; (ii) unilaterally tightening environmental regulation by one region may increase global pollution; and (iii) if industry is dispersed between regions, individual firms respond to higher (lower) relative domestic pollution taxes by polluting more (less).
Bundled turbidite deposition in the central Pandora Trough (Gulf of Papua) since Last Glacial Maximum: Linking sediment nature and accumulation to sea level fluctuations at millennial timescale

Since Last Glacial Maximum (23-19 ka), Earth climate warming and deglaciation occurred in two major steps (Bolling-Allerod and Preboreal), interrupted by a short cooling interval referred to as the Younger Dryas (12.5-11.5 ka B. P.). In this study, three cores (MV-33, MV-66, and MD-40) collected in the central part of Pandora Trough (Gulf of Papua) have been analyzed, and they reveal a detailed sedimentary pattern at millennial timescale. Siliciclastic turbidites disappeared during the Bolling-Allerod and Preboreal intervals to systematically reoccur during the Younger Dryas interval. Subsequent to the final disappearance of the siliciclastic turbidites a calciturbidite occurred during meltwater pulse 1B. The Holocene interval was characterized by a lack of siliciclastic turbidites, relatively high carbonate content, and fine bank-derived aragonitic sediment. The observed millennial timescale sedimentary variability can be explained by sea level fluctuations. During the Last Glacial Maximum, siliciclastic turbidites were numerous when the lowstand coastal system was located along the modern shelf edge. Although they did not occur during the intervals of maximum flooding of the shelf (during meltwater pulses 1A and 1B), siliciclastic turbidites reappear briefly during the Younger Dryas, an interval when sea level rise slowed, stopped, or perhaps even fell. The timing of the calciturbidite coincides with the first reflooding of Eastern Fields Reef, an atoll that remained exposed for most of the glacial stages.