Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A role for transcription factor E 2 F 2 in hepatocyte 1 proliferation and timely liver regeneration 2

41 Background: E2F transcription factors are key regulators of the cell cycle, 42 although the relative contribution of each E2F member in regulating cellular 43 proliferation is still poorly defined. Current evidence suggests that E2F2 may act 44 both as a suppressor and promoter of proliferation, depending on the cellular 45 context. Objective: We use a loss-of-function mutant mouse model to investigate 46 the function of E2F2 in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, a paradigm of 47 cell cycle progression. Measures: Liver mass recovery and histology were 48 examined over 9 days in 70% hepatectomized E2F2 and wild-type (WT) animals. 49 Transcriptome analysis was performed in quiescent and 48-hours regenerating 50 liver samples. TIGR MultiExperiment Viewer was used for the statistical analysis of 51 microarray data, significance was determined by Fischer and p-values were 52 adjusted applying Benjamini-Hochberg multiple testing correction. Results: We 53 show that E2F2 is required for adult hepatocyte proliferation and for timely liver 54 regeneration, as disruption of the E2F2 gene in hepatocytes leads to a reduced 55 rate of S-phase entry and to delayed liver regeneration. Transcriptome analysis 56 followed by ontologic classification of differentially expressed genes and gene 57 interaction network analysis indicated that the majority of genes involved in normal 58 liver regeneration were related to biosynthetic and catabolic processes of all major 59 biomolecules as well as cellular location and intracellular transport, confirming the 60 complex nature of the regeneration process. Remarkably, transcripts of genes 61 included in functional categories that are crucial for cell cycle, apoptosis and 62 wound-healing response and fibrosis were absent in the transcriptome of post63 hepatectomized E2F2 mice. Conclusion: Our results indicate that E2F2’s 64
Distinguishing Income from Substitution Effects in Disability Insurance

A set of studies conducted over the last 15 years has produced a near consensus that the Social Security Disability Insurance system (SSDI) has substantial disincentive effects on the labor supply of near elderly males, diminishing labor force participation, increasing the sensitivity of labor force exit decisions to adverse economic shocks, and encouraging those nearing retirement to claim disability benefits and subsequently transfer into the Social Security retirement program. Yet, efforts by the Social Security Administration (SSA) to encourage labor supply among the disabled by removing the work disincentives built into SSDI have been almost entirely unsuccessful. Most notably, in 1999, Congress authorized the Ticket to Work program, which provides an array of inducements for current SSDI beneficiaries to take up employment, including permitting a trial work period of up to nine months, providing 7.75 years of ongoing Medicare eligibility following return to work, and providing three years of automatic benefit reinstatement when claimants’ workplace earnings fall below a threshold level. Each of these steps reduces the implicit tax placed on labor supply by the SSDI program. Despite these lures, fewer than 1,400 (0.01 percent) of the 12.2 million tickets issued to date have led to successful workforce integration (Autor and Duggan 2006).
ADMIRÁVEL MUNDO NOVO

O livro Admiravel Mundo Novo, escrito por Aldous Huxley em 1931, e uma "fabula" futurista relatando uma sociedade completamente organizada, sob um sistema cientifico de castas. Nao haveria vontade livre, abolida pelo condicionamento; a servidao seria aceitavel devido a doses regulares de felicidade quimica e ortodoxias e ideologias seriam ministradas em cursos durante o sono. Essa Sociedade "perfeita" e mostrada por Huxley atraves da historia de uma jovem tipica, pertencente a uma das castas altas, que, em uma crise existencial, conhece uma reserva de selvagens e particularmente um selvagem (a reserva e uma alegoria para o mundo real). Os dois personagens representam o antagonismo entre a nova e a velha sociedades, os novos e os velhos padroes. Ela vive em uma sociedade formada por pessoas pre-programadas genetica e psicologicamente para desempenhar um papel social e gostar deste, sem questionar ou desejar, nem mais nem menos, simplesmente ser o que lhe foi designado pelo Estado, mantenedor do Bem-estar geral. O selvagem, Bernard Marx, sente-se insatisfeito com o mundo onde vive, em parte porque e fisicamente diferente dos integrantes da sua casta. Num reduto onde vivem pessoas dentro dos moldes do passado (uma especie de "reserva historica" - semelhante as atuais reservas indigenas - onde preservam-se os costumes "selvagens" do passado (que corresponde a epoca em que o livro foi escrito), quando Bernard encontra a jovem oriunda da civilizacao e o filho dela, John, ele ve uma possibilidade de conquista de respeito social pela apresentacao de John como um exemplar dos selvagens a sociedade civilizada. Na obra, o autor mostra sua visao do futuro e profetiza um mundo bem diferente do que existia em sua epoca. Para ele, em 1931 vivia-se o pesadelo da excessiva falta de ordem, enquanto a sua fabula no seculo VII d. F. (depois de Ford) seria o pesadelo da ordem em demasia. Segundo ele proprio constata no seu Regresso ao Admiravel Mundo Novo, escrito vinte e sete anos depois, em 1957, aquilo que ele imaginava num futuro distante, ou seja, as profecias feitas em 1931 ja comecavam a se realizar mais depressa do que ele pensava e O abencoado intervalo entre a excessiva falta de ordem e o pesadelo da ordem em excesso nao comecou e nao da sinais de comecar.
Rhythmic Units and Tonal Variation in Thai

This study investigates whether rhyth mic units influence tonal realizations in Thai connected speech. The informants are three female radio announcers, 26 and 30 years of age. Their speech was recorded prior to informing them ~bout the study. They were then asked to read two sets of tone checklists: unchecked and checked syllables. For each tone, five tokens were selected for each fol lowing context: (1) a salient syllable in one-syllable, two-syllable, and three syllable rhythmic units, and (2) a weak syllable in a two-syllable rhythmic unit, the first weak syllable and the second weak syllable in a three-syllable rhyth mic unit. The fundamental frequency values of all of the tokens were analyzed and recorded using WINCECIL and EXCEL. Line graphs were drawn to show the realization of different tones in different contexts. WINPSY 0602 2000 (School of Psychology, University ofNew South Wales) was used to ana lyze whether the variation between tone shapes is statistically significant. The different are statistically significant when the tonal characteristics of the sa lient (Sl, S2, S3) and of the weak (w2, w3/l, w3/2) are compared with the ones of the citation form (CF). However, the FO value of different types of stressed or salient syl-lables do not differ from each other in a significant way for level tones and so of unstressed or weak syl lables. These findings suggest that in studying tonal variation, rhythm only in fluences contour tones.
Variations in the origin of profunda femoris and circumflex femoral arteries: A cadaveric study

Introduction: Profunda femoris artery (PFA) normally originates from posterolateral aspect of femoral artery and circumflex arteries arise from profunda femoris artery near its origin. As femoral artery (FA) & PFA are commonly assessed for various procedures for diagnosis and treatment for many diseases, knowledge of its course and branching pattern is very important for clinicians to prevent complications. Methods: The present study was conducted on 38 thighs. The origin, diameter at the point of origin, branching pattern of profunda femoris and circumflex femoral arteries were observed and their distances from mid inguinal point (MIP) was measured and recorded. Results: In 100% cases on both right and left side PFA was arising from FA. The site of origin of PFA was maximally (63.16%) found on posterior surface of FA. The mean distance of origin of PFA was 39.55 mm. In majority of cases, lateral & medial circumflex arteries were originating from PFA i.e. 84.21% and 73.68% respectively and the mean distance from MIP was 52.27 mm and 42.62 mm respectively. The lateral circumflex artery was arising from FA on right side in 22.23% while on left side in 10% cases. The medial circumflex artery was arising directly from FA on right side in 33.33% and on left side in 20% cases. Conclusion: In present study, the most common site of origin of the PFA was from posterior side of FA. The origin of the PFA observed was slightly proximal than noted in other studies. However, the left profunda femoris originates more distally than the right. Lateral & medial circumflex arteries commonly originated from the PFA artery close to its origin. This knowledge is very valuable in preventing injury to these vessels during different procedures. Keywords: Femoral artery, Profunda femoris Artery, Lateral circumflex artery, Medial circumflex artery
'I am not a tragedy. I am full of hope': communication impairment narratives in newspapers.

BACKGROUND Individual attitudes and more general attitudes in society can negatively influence the functioning of people with communication disorders according to the World Health Organisation's (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) (2002). Personal narratives have been recommended as the best means to convey and understand a person's life experience and have been investigated extensively. Investigations of personal narratives of communication impairment in mass media continue to be relatively rare in the literature. Published narratives can enrich understandings of clients' experiences by elucidating available representations of lived experiences of communication impairment. AIMS To answer the following research questions: What types of personal narratives of communication impairments are currently being disseminated in Irish newspapers? How are experiences of communication impairments represented in these narratives? METHODS & PROCEDURES The study was qualitative, deploying inductive analysis and drawing on Frank's (1995) typology of illness narratives to analyse narratives that were published in two Irish national newspapers over a 12-month period. OUTCOMES & RESULTS The results illustrate the under-representation of communication impairments in Irish newspapers as ten out of 51 narratives in the corpus pertained to conditions that may have associated communication impairments. None of the narratives related the lived experience of a person with communication impairment in depth. A combination of quest and chaos narrative types was identified in six out of the ten narratives. Three out of the ten narratives featured a combination of chaos and restitution narrative types. One narrative was identified as being entirely a quest narrative. Three narratives contained elements of restitution. Inductive analysis revealed six main themes in the data (two for each narrative type) with one sub-theme identified for each main theme. The six main themes are: positive stances, re-evaluation of life, despair, fear, hope and support of others. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS The under-representation of the lived experience of people with communication impairments in Irish national newspapers may be seen as contributing to a general lack of understanding and awareness of communication impairments. This under-representation, coupled with a lack of awareness, may potentially affect the ability of people with communication impairments to re-engage with and reintegrate into their communities.
Language representation in a patient with a dominant right hemisphere: fMRI evidence for an intrahemispheric reorganisation

Studies have suggested that congenital left hemispheric (LH) frontal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are associated with an early transfer of language to right hemisphere (RH) frontal regions. The question remains whether such anatomofunctional reorganisation is due to RH compensatory abilities or to a general principle of lateral shift. In this study, we used fMRI language paradigms to investigate the case of a patient presenting aphasic symptoms following an haemorrhage due to a right frontal AVM. Prior to surgery, fMRI showed that language processing was confined to the RH, suggesting that language had not shifted during childhood from this congeni- tally dominant RH to the LH. After surgery, the patient presented severe aphasia that recovered to presurgical level within 70 days. At this time, fMRI showed that language tasks were still not associated with activations in the LH. These results suggest that the principles of early cerebral reorganisation after congenital lesions may differ in the RH and the LH. In addition, they support the idea that efficient restoration of language is achieved if a sufficiently large neuronal network is preserved around the lesion.
4.5S RNA is encoded by hundreds of tandemly linked genes, has a short half-life, and is hydrogen bonded in vivo to poly(A)-terminated RNAs in the cytoplasm of cultured mouse cells

4.5S RNA is a group of RNAs 90 to 94 nucleotides long (length polymorphism due to a varying number of UMP residues at the 3' end) that form hydrogen bonds with poly(A)-terminated RNAs isolated from mouse, hamster, or rat cells (W. R. Jelinek and L. Leinwand, Cell 15:205-214, 1978; F. Harada, N. Kato, and H.-O. Hoshino, Nucleic Acids Res. 7:909-917, 1979). We have cloned a gene that encodes the 4.5S RNA. It is repeated 850 (sigma = 54) times per haploid mouse genome and 690 (sigma = 59) times per haploid rat genome. Most, if not all, of the repeats in both species are arrayed in tandem. The repeat unit is 4,245 base pairs long in mouse DNA (the complete base sequence of one repeat unit is presented) and approximately 5,300 base pairs in rat DNA. This accounts for approximately 3 X 10(6) base pairs of genomic DNA in each species, or 0.1% of the genome. Cultured murine erythroleukemia cells contain 13,000 molecules per cell of the 4.5S RNA, which can be labeled to equilibrium in 90 min by [3H]uridine added to the culture medium. The 4.5S RNA, therefore, has a short half-life. The 4.5S RNA can be cross-linked in vivo by 4'-aminomethyl-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen to murine erythroleukemia cell poly(A)-terminated cytoplasmic RNA contained in ribonucleoprotein particles.
Lower limb kinematics and physiological responses to prolonged load carriage in untrained individuals

The aim of this study was to simultaneously assess the changes in physiology, and kinematic and spatiotemporal features of gait, during prolonged load carriage in individuals without load carriage experience. Eleven males, representative of new military recruits, walked for 120 min at 5.5 km h− 1, 0% grade, on a motorised treadmill while carrying a 22 kg load. The load ( ≤ 30% body mass) was distributed over a weighted vest, combat webbing and replica model firearm, to reflect a patrol order load. Oxygen consumption and heart rate increased throughout the trial; however, apart from a minor increase in step length, there were no changes in the kinematic or spatiotemporal parameters, despite an increase in perceived exertion and discomfort. These data suggest that individuals with no experience in load carriage are able to maintain normal gait during 2 h of fixed speed walking, while carrying a patrol order load ≤ 30% body mass. Practitioner Summary: It is presumed that lower limb injury is associated with prolonged load carriage, especially in new military recruits. Our results suggest that prolonged carriage of a 22 kg load does not cause any functionally relevant gross biomechanical changes despite an increase in the physiological demands and perceived intensity of the task.
Low host–pathogen specificity in the leaf-cutting ant–microbe symbiosis

Host–parasite associations are shaped by coevolutionary dynamics. One example is the complex fungus-growing ant–microbe symbiosis, which includes ancient host–parasite coevolution. Fungus-growing ants and the fungi they cultivate for food have an antagonistic symbiosis with Escovopsis, a specialized microfungus that infects the ants' fungus gardens. The evolutionary histories of the ant, cultivar and Escovopsis are highly congruent at the deepest phylogenetic levels, with specific parasite lineages exclusively associating with corresponding groups of ants and cultivar. Here, we examine host–parasite specificity at finer phylogenetic levels, within the most derived clade of fungus-growing ants, the leaf-cutters (Atta spp. and Acromyrmex spp.). Our molecular phylogeny of Escovopsis isolates from the leaf-cutter ant–microbe symbiosis confirms specificity at the broad phylogenetic level, but reveals frequent host-switching events between species and genera of leaf-cutter ants. Escovopsis strains isolated from Acromyrmex and Atta gardens occur together in the same clades, and very closely related strains can even infect the gardens of both ant genera. Experimental evidence supports low host–parasite specificity, with phylogenetically diverse strains of Escovopsis being capable of overgrowing all leaf-cutter cultivars examined. Thus, our findings indicate that this host–pathogen association is shaped by the farming ants having to protect their cultivated fungus from phylogenetically diverse Escovopsis garden pathogens.
Do digital natives differ by computer self-efficacy and experience? An empirical study

This study serves to validate a Chinese translation of the Digital Native Assessment Scale (C-DNAS) and assess if significant differences exist between a sample of students and teachers from a culture different than the one used in the development of the DNAS. Participants were 402 university students from one province in Mainland China. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the C-DNAS possessed a stable factorial structure and was a valid measure among Chinese-speaking participants in Mainland China. Tests of measurement invariance revealed score equivalence among the students for each of the four factors of the C-DNAS: grew up with technology; comfortable with multitasking; reliant on graphics for communication; and thrive on instant gratifications and rewards, by computer self-efficacy and experience. Finally, tests of latent mean differences revealed significant differences in each of the four factors by computer experience but not by computer self-efficacy. Implications for research are discussed.
Rubredoxin: a new electron transfer protein from Clostridium pasteurianum.

The nature and role of nonheme iron proteins which participate in a variety of biological oxidations has recently come under intensive scrutiny. Such study received considerable impetus from the discovery and characterization of ferredoxins. 1-3 During the isolation of ferredoxin a red protein has been observed in extracts of Clostridium pasteurianum.4' 5 We have now isolated this protein in crystalline form and tentatively named it rubredoxin.6 It is a small nonheme iron protein which can substitute for ferredoxin as an electron carrier in several reactions mediated by extracts of C. pasteurianum. Rubredoxin differs from the ferredoxins spectrally and chemically. The properties of purified rubredoxin are the subject of this communication.
Apoptotic gene expression by human periodontal ligament cells following cyclic stretch.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontal ligament cells play an important role in maintaining homeostasis of periodontal tissue upon mechanical force loading caused by mastication or orthodontic force. Previous studies revealed force-driven periodontal ligament cell death via apoptosis, but the force-sensing genes assigned to the apoptotic pathway have not been fully characterized. The present study aimed to identify force-sensing genes implicated in the apoptotic pathway in periodontal ligament cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human periodontal ligament cells were exposed to 20% stretch strain for 6 or 24 h, and the differential expression of 84 genes implicated in the apoptotic pathway were quantified by real-time PCR array technology. RESULTS Ten and 11 genes showed upregulated expression after 6 and 24 h stretches, respectively, and there were two downregulated genes in response to both 6 and 24 h stretches. These genes included those encoding the tumor necrosis factor ligand family (TNFSF8), tumor necrosis factor receptor family (FAS, TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF11B, TNFRSF25 and CD27), the Bcl-2 family (BAG3, BAK1, BCL2L11 and BCLAF1), the caspase family (CASP5 and CASP7), the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family (BIRC3, BIRC6 and NAIP), the caspase recruitment domain family (RIPK2 and PYCARD) and the death domain family (DAPK1), as well as an oncogene (BRAF). CONCLUSION This study identified several force-sensing genes implicated in the apoptotic pathway in periodontal ligament cells and should facilitate future studies on force-driven apoptosis by providing putative target genes.
Temperature Impact Analysis and Access Reliability Enhancement for 1T1MTJ STT-RAM

Spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-RAM) is a promising and emerging technology due to its many advantageous features such as scalability, nonvolatility, density, endurance, and fast access speed. However, the operation of STT-RAM is severely affected by environmental factors such as process variations and temperature. As the temperature rockets up in modern computing systems, it is highly desirable to understand thermal impact on STT-RAM operations and reliability. In this paper, a thermal-aware MTJ model, calibrated and validated by experimental measurements, is proposed as the basis for thoroughly thermal aware analysis of a 1T1MTJ STT-RAM cell structure. Using this model, we investigate temperature effect on memory cell access behavior in terms of access latency, energy, and reliability on a 45-nm technology node. Thermal impact on a more advanced 11-nm technology node is also evaluated in the paper. Additionally, we propose a thermal-aware design for STT-RAM sensing circuit using a body-biasing technique, which can enlarge read margin dramatically to enhance read reliability under temperature variations. Moreover, our proposed technique can suppress read disturbance effectively as well. Experimental results show that our proposed sensing circuit can enlarge read margin by 2.47× when reading “0” and 3.15× when reading “1,” and reduce read disturbance error rate by 55.6% on average.