Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fracture initiation in bi-material joints subject to combined tension and shear loading

Abstract Linear elastic solution of the stress field near an interface corner of bi-material joints is of the form Hrλ−1, where r is the radial distance from the corner, H is the stress intensity factor and λ–1 is the order of the singularity. Finite element analysis is used to determine the magnitude of H for a butt joint subject to remote shear; the obtained solution complements existing solution for remote tension and uniform change in temperature. The theoretical solution of the singular shear stress is shown to be in good agreement with the corresponding finite element solution. The effect of combined remote tension, remote shear and uniform change in temperature on the failure loads and failure mechanisms is experimentally determined for brass/araldite/brass butt joint. It is shown that the failure envelope in tensile stress – shear stress space is elliptical and the failure loads decrease with increasing cure temperature due to thermal residual stress associated with the curing process. The application of the results to the assessment of onset of failure in composite patch repair is discussed.
Representing anthropogenic gross land use change, wood harvest, and forest age dynamics in a global vegetation model ORCHIDEE-MICT v8.4.2

Abstract. Land use change (LUC) is among the main anthropogenic disturbances in the global carbon cycle. Here we present the model developments in a global dynamic vegetation model ORCHIDEE-MICT v8.4. 2 for a more realistic representation of LUC processes. First, we included gross land use change (primarily shifting cultivation) and forest wood harvest in addition to net land use change. Second, we included sub-grid evenly aged land cohorts to represent secondary forests and to keep track of the transient stage of agricultural lands since LUC. Combination of these two features allows the simulation of shifting cultivation with a rotation length involving mainly secondary forests instead of primary ones. Furthermore, a set of decision rules regarding the land cohorts to be targeted in different LUC processes have been implemented. Idealized site-scale simulation has been performed for miombo woodlands in southern Africa assuming an annual land turnover rate of 5 % grid cell area between forest and cropland. The result shows that the model can correctly represent forest recovery and cohort aging arising from agricultural abandonment. Such a land turnover process, even though without a net change in land cover, yields carbon emissions largely due to the imbalance between the fast release from forest clearing and the slow uptake from agricultural abandonment. The simulation with sub-grid land cohorts gives lower emissions than without, mainly because the cleared secondary forests have a lower biomass carbon stock than the mature forests that are otherwise cleared when sub-grid land cohorts are not considered. Over the region of southern Africa, the model is able to account for changes in different forest cohort areas along with the historical changes in different LUC activities, including regrowth of old forests when LUC area decreases. Our developments provide possibilities to account for continental or global forest demographic change resulting from past anthropogenic and natural disturbances.
Who do you care about? Scientists’ personality traits and perceived beneficiary impact

Policymakers compel scientists to influence colleagues, corporations and non-commercial actors. In the current study, we examine the relationship between biomedical scientists’ psychological characteristics –personality traits and motivations– and their perceived impact on these different stakeholders. Taking the scientist as the main unit of analysis, we merge the organizational psychology and research evaluation literature to better understand the individual origins of societal impact. We also combine motivation and personality research with science policy studies to predict perceived beneficiary impact. Our focus is on biomedicine and its interest in and consequences for industry and patients, and we measure psychological characteristics through a large-scale survey. Openness to experience increases biomedical scientists’ perceived impact on the academic community, extraversion on industry and conscientiousness on patients. Accounting for these effects opens new paths for designing more effective policies regarding scientific mobility, allocation of research activities and incentive schemas.
Thick disk kinematics from RAVE and the solar motion

Aims. We study the Milky Way (MW) thin disk with the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) survey. We consider the thin and thick disks as different Galactic components and present a technique to statistically disentangle the two populations. Then we focus our attention on the thin disk component. Methods. We disentangle the thin disk component from a mixture of the thin and thick disks using a data set providing radial velocities, proper motions, and photometrically determined distances. Results. We present the trend of the velocity dispersions in the thin disk component of the MW in the radial direction above and below the Galactic plane using data from the RAVE. The selected sample is a limited subsample from the entire RAVE catalogue, roughly mapping up to 500 pc above and below the Galactic plane, a few degrees in azimuthal direction and covering a radial extension of 2.0 kpc around the solar position. The solar motion relative to the local standard of rest is also re-determined with the isolated thin disk component. Major results are the trend of the velocity mean and dispersion in the radial and vertical direction. In addition the azimuthal components of the solar motion relative to the local standard of rest and the velocity dispersion are discussed.
Lifestyle Changes for Abdominal Obesity Prevention and Encouraging Fruit Consumption May Be Beneficial in Preventing Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Sub-Saharan African and Maghreb

There is a growing body of evidence showing a close correlation between left ventricular mass with cardiovascular morbidity and overall mortality. Therefore, identifying the determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy can be of great importance for cardiovascular prevention, for prognosis and therapeutic intervention. Objective: To assess the prevalence and identify the independent determinants of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in The MA-Ghreb and Sub-Saharan Africa Left-Ventricul ArGEometry Study (MAG-SALVAGES) participants. Methods: The MAG-SALVAGES is a community based study in which 100 asymptomatic Black Sub-Saharan African (BSSA) and 189 white skin Maghreb within the age of 18 to 55 years underwent a resting echocardiography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify the independent determinants of LVH left ventricular hypertrophy. Results: Men represented the majority of the enrolled participants: 173 (59.9%). Echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy was seen in 10 (3.5%) participants. Age ≥40 years, female gender, overall obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension status and less fruit consumption were significantly associated with echocardiography left ventricular hypertrophy. After adjusting for confounding factors, age ≥40 years, female gender, abdominal obesity and less fruit consumption were independently and significantly associated with echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, as illustrated in the following equation: Y = 0.36 + 0.162 age >40 years + 2.69 female gender + 2.52 abdominal obesity + 1.31 less fruit consumption. Conclusion: Lifestyle changes for the prevention of abdominal obesity and encouraging fruit consumption may be beneficial in preventing left ventricular hypertrophy.
Promoting physical activity for health. A survey of knowledge, confidence and role-perception in final-year UK physiotherapy students

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of global mortality and is a significant independent risk factor for a range of chronic conditions. Advice from a healthcare professional can increase activity levels in adults. Current literature does not identify whether UK physiotherapy undergraduate students are prepared to promote physical activity (PA) for health. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, confidence and role perception of final-year UK Physiotherapy undergraduate students to promote physical activity for health. METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey was used. 19 UK undergraduate Physiotherapy courses participated. Descriptive statistics explored knowledge, confidence and role-perception. Inferential statistics tested the relationships between variables. RESULTS: Response rate was 16.6% (n = 158). The majority of respondents (82% n = 129) had received training in promoting PA for health. 66% (n = 73) of this group correctly specified a duration, frequency and intensity for current UK PA recommendations for 19–64 year olds. Role perception was extremely high (99%) in the surveyed population. Students reported being confident in giving general PA advice (92%, n = 144). Confidence scores were significantly correlated with training in the promotion of PA for health (B = 0.38 p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Final-year UK Physiotherapy students perceive a professional role in promoting physical activity for health; and demonstrate good but variable knowledge of this subject. Confidence domain scores were best predicted by training in the promotion of PA for health.
E-COMMERCE FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMERS‘ ONLINE SHOPPING DECISION

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at the factors driving online shopping and to develop an understanding of the factors influencing the online shopping by the consumers. This is done by exploring the factors that encourage consumers to shop online through analysis of such advantages as security, fast delivery, comparable price, convenience, cheaper prices and a wider choice. At the same time, the research project reveals the factors that are discouraging for consumers and the benefits received by buyers making purchases online. Specifically, the research explores how online shopping can be affected by such factors as age, gender or occupation. Design/methodology/approach – The factors that affect the consumer online shopping have been disclosed through quantitative research by analysing data collected via a web‐based questionnaire survey. The sample consisted of 183 Lithuanian consumers who were purchasing online. Findings –The empirical findings of this study indicate that the main factors influencing consumers to shop online are convenience, simplicity and better price. Analysis of socio-demographical characteristics such as gender has shown that men shop more often online because of the lower price. Respondents of the 25–35 year age group more often choose shopping online for such reasons as lack of time and a wide range of products. The most beneficial factor of shopping online was identified as a possibility to compare prices and buy at a lower price. Research limitations/implications – This study was done regarding only general conditions and the findings may not necessarily be applicable to a particular e-business. Therefore, in the future it would be highly encouraged to examine consumers’ attitudes towards specialized online shopping websites to look for differences by kind of products or services.Practical implications – Attributes identified by this study could help e-business developers to forme their marketing strategy, identify and remove the main obstacles to creating a highly convenient online shopping service to customers. Online stores can devote valuable corporate resources to better mapping of the online consumers’ behaviour, future technologies and developments. Originality/Value – This paper may be valuable for online retailers, as it will help them to attract consumers and enable to better form their e-marketing strategies allowing to understand the consumers’ changing needs and lifestyles as well as to to attract them with regard to their online shopping experience.
Martensite Reorientation after Thermal Cycling in NiTiCu Shape Memory Alloys Studied by EBSD Technique

The Ni25Ti50Cu25 shape memory alloy exhibits one-step martensitic transformation. Transformation occurs between the B2 parent phase and the B19 orthorhombic martensite. The course of the martensitic transformation was in situ studied in the alloy with use of electron backscatter diffraction. During heating, reverse martensitic transformation occurs from the B19 orthorhombic martensite to the B2 parent phase. On cooling, from the parent phase the B19 martensite is formed. Obtained results proved that the B19 martensitic plates forms the variants indexed as 1, 3, and 5. Thermal cycling does not change the crystallographic correlation between the parent phase and the martensite. However, after cycling, different rearrangement of the martensitic plates can be received. In consequence, characteristic temperatures of the martensitic transformation are shifted.
Nonlinear Pulse Shaping in Fibres for Pulse Generation and Optical Processing

The development of new all-optical technologies for data processing and signal manipulation is a field of growing importance with a strong potential for numerous applications in diverse areas of modern science. Nonlinear phenomena occurring in optical fibres have many attractive features and great, but not yet fully explored, potential in signal processing. Here, we review recent progress on the use of fibre nonlinearities for the generation and shaping of optical pulses and on the applications of advanced pulse shapes in all-optical signal processing. Amongst other topics, we will discuss ultrahigh repetition rate pulse sources, the generation of parabolic shaped pulses in active and passive fibres, the generation of pulses with triangular temporal profiles, and coherent supercontinuum sources. The signal processing applications will span optical regeneration, linear distortion compensation, optical decision at the receiver in optical communication systems, spectral and temporal signal doubling, and frequency conversion.
The power of cryptomnesia: Interpersonal power and inadvertent plagiarism

THE POWER OF CRYPTOMNESIA: INTERPERSONAL POWER AND INADVERTENT PLAGIARISM By Meghan K. Housley Plagiarism arouses intense emotions in and out of academic settings. Relatively recently, it has been suggested that not all cases of plagiarism are intentional, and that they may instead be due, at least sometimes, to unconscious influences of memory in which the plagiarized information is incorrectly experienced as novel and self-generated (e.g., Taylor, 1965). Such inadvertent plagiarism (IP) is known as cryptomnesia, which is argued to be due to failures during source monitoring, namely, failing to accurately identify whether the source of information is internal or external (e.g., Johnson, Hashtroudi, & Lindsay, 1993). Asymmetries in power have been shown to influence the degree to which individuals engage in careful processing of sources, with high power individuals processing others superficially and low power individuals processing others carefully (e.g., Fiske, 1993; Goodwin, Gubin, Fiske, & Yzerbyt, 2000). Thus, high power individuals should plagiarize more than non-powerful others. In two experiments, I manipulated power and the timing of this manipulation (occurring before or after an interaction), and then assessed rates of IP. The results of Experiment 1 suggested that high power increases rates of IP, though only when instantiated before an interaction. Experiment 2 yielded only null findings. Implications of the former and possible explanations for the latter findings are discussed. THE POWER OF CRYPTOMNESIA: INTERPERSONAL POWER AND INADVERTENT PLAGIARISM
The Effect Of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Customer Orientation Of Service Employees (COSE) On Star Hotel In Samarinda Town With Perceived Organizational Support (POS) As Moderating Variables

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and Customer Orientation of Service Employees (COSE) Toward Guest Loyalty in Hotel Industry with Perceived Organizational Support (POS) as Moderating Variable. The conceptual framework of the study consists of the following constructs OCB, COSE, POS, and Guest Loyalty. Moreover, 3 hypotheses were developed and tested. Pearson Correlation and Composite Reliability were used to test the validity and reliability of the measures, while PLS was used in goodness of fit and hypotheses testing. SPSS application is also used to measures the effect of moderating variable. Data were collected from 192 respondent from 24 star hotel in Samarinda Town who completed the the self-administered questonnaire. The results of this study reveal that OCB, and COSE have a significant effect on guest loyalty, so as POS has a positif significan effect on the relation of OCB on guest loyalty.This study provides important support to the service-profit chain model. Keyword: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Customer Orientation of Srvice Employees, Perceived Organizational Support, Guest Loyalty, Person Correlation, Composite Reliability. ————————————————————
MOX – Report No . 41 / 2013 Analysis of Proteomics data : Block K-mean Alignment Bernardi

We analyze the proteomics data introducing a block k-mean alignment procedure. This technique is able to jointly align and cluster the data, accounting appropriately for the block structure of these data, that includes measurement repetitions for each patient. An analysis of area-under-peaks, following the alignment, separates patients who respond and those who do not respond to treatment. 1 Block k-mean alignment Motivated by the analysis of the proteomics dataset described in Koch et al. (2013), we introduce here a variant of the k-mean alignment procedure that accounts appropriately for the block structure of these data. Likewise the k-mean alignment technique described in Sangalli et al. (2010b) and Sangalli et al. (2013), the proposed block variant is able to jointly align and cluster in k clusters a set of functional data; moreover, it complies with partially exchangeable structures in the data. In the proteomics application, partial exchangeability is due to the presence of measurement repetitions for each subject. Consider a set of functions composed by repetitions of the same measurement on different subjects or experimental units: { fij(t) | i = 1, . ,m ; j = 1, . , ni } , where m is the number of experimental units, ni is the number of exchangeable measurements for the i-th experimental unit, and fij(t) is the j-th measurement for the i-th experimental unit at time t. The total number of
THE PARKES SOUTHERN PULSAR SURVEY - II. FINAL RESULTS AND POPULATION ANALYSIS

ABSTRA C T A survey of the entire southern sky for millisecond and low-luminosity pulsars using the ATNF Parkes radio telescope has now been completed. The survey detected 298 pulsars, of which 101 were previously unknown. The new pulsars include 17 millisecond pulsars. This is the largest sample of both normal and millisecond pulsars detected in any survey. Combining our sample with other recent surveys in the Northern Hemisphere, we present a statistical study of the populations of both normal and millisecond pulsars. We find that the improved statistics allow us to estimate the number and birth-rate of both types of pulsar down to a 400-MHz luminosity limit of 1 mJy kpc 2 . The local surface densities of potentially observable normal pulsars and millisecond pulsars are both about 30 kpc π2 , corresponding to ,30 000 potentially observable pulsars of each type in the Galaxy. Once beaming effects are taken into consideration we estimate that the active population of normal pulsars is ,160 000. Although there is evidence for flattening of the luminosity function of normal pulsars, this is not evident for millisecond pulsars which probably have a substantial population with luminosities below 1 mJy kpc 2 . After correcting for beaming effects, we estimate that a normal pulsar is born with a luminosity greater than 1 mJy kpc 2 between once every 60 and 330 yr in the Galaxy. The birth-rate of millisecond pulsars is at least 3 〈 10 π6 yr π1 above the same luminosity limit. Modelling the observed transverse speeds of millisecond pulsars using a dynamical simulation, we find their mean birth velocity to be 130 6 30 km s π1 , significantly lower than that of the normal pulsars.
Forest bird mortality and baiting practices in New Zealand aerial 1080 operations from 1986 to 2009

We collated 48 surveys of individually banded birds or birds fitted with radio transmitters that were checked before and after 1080 poison (sodium fluoroacetate) baits were aerially distributed to control brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand forests. The surveys were associated with 34 pest control operations from 1986 to 2009 and covered 13 native bird species, of which four were kiwi (Apteryx spp.). Sample sizes ranged from 1 to 46 birds (median 15). In 12 cases a sample of 1 to 42 birds (median 13) was surveyed in an untreated area at the same time. In total, 748 birds were checked before and after operations and 48 birds disappeared or were found dead. In non-treatment areas, 193 birds were checked and four died. Surveys of kiwi, whio (Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos), kaka (Nestor meridionalis) and kokako (Callaeas cinerea) were grouped for meta-analyses. The 95% pooled upper confidence bounds for the point estimate of zero mortality were each less than 4% for kiwi, kaka and kokako indicating only a small risk of mortality during 1080 pest control operations. Prefeeding with non-toxic baits increased from 22% (1998-1999) to 79% (2007-2008) in 322 operations on public conservation lands but was used in only 9 (26%) of the operations during which individually marked birds were monitored. We caution that failure to observe bird deaths in small samples may lead to weak inference about zero mortality across a population, most surveys in the review did not involve prefeeding, and that 11 native bird species for which deaths were reported after 1080 operations have not been studied.
Nucleic Acid Hybridization of Pink-Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophs and Pseudomonads

Deoxyribonucleic acid-ribosomal ribonucleic acid hybridization studies revealed that the pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs that are in part classified as pseudomonads are not related to members of the established ribosomal ribonucleic acid homology groups of the genus Pseudomonas. The molecular data support inclusion of the pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs in the genus Methylobacterium, as suggested by Green and Bousfield (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 33:875-877, 1983).
Solutions without Space-Time Separation for ADS Experiments: Overview on Developments and Applications

The different analytical solutions without space-time separation foreseen for the analysis of ADS experiments are described. The SC3A experiment in the YALINA-Booster facility is described and investigated. For this investigation the very special configuration of YALINA-Booster is analyzed based on HELIOS calculations. The results for the time dependent diffusion and the time dependent equation are compared with the experimental results for the SC3A configuration. A comparison is given for the deviation between the analytical solution and the experimental results versus the different transport approximations. To improve the representation to the special configuration of YALINA- Booster, a new analytical solution for two energy groups with two sources (central external and boundary source) has been developed starting form the Green's function solution. Very good agreement has been found for these improved analytical solutions.