Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retooling: evolution in research on fathers - a commentary.

In his review of Richard Fletcher’s “The Dad Factor”, Roberts (2014) asks a rhetorical question. “How do you tell dads they are special and different whilst keeping those who are not fathers sympathetic to a cause that surely benefits everyone? ” His broad response to his open-ended query is that “ . when dads are confident owners of their various roles, mutual enjoyment and fulfillment are more likely, and everyone – young and old, on personal and professional levels – wins. ” Although Robert’s comment is spot on—a sense of ownership of a role is often critical to long-term successful engagement in that role—it is also too narrow. Success is more likely when the sense of ownership is shared among many stakeholders and a role is seen as integral to multiple ends. As we consider what can be learned from the pieces about early fathering contained in this issue, we need to acknowledge that fathering occurs in a network of relationships that span a life time and can only be supported when we put in place the relevant structures and policies. Who is a good parent? This age-old question taps on the idea that some individuals are more intuitive, more attuned to children’s needs, and more motivated to engage with children than others (Papoušek & Papoušek, 2002). Altenburger, Schoppe-Sullivan, Settle, Kamp, Sullivan, and Bower (2014) recruited a sample of 182 expectant fathers and demonstrated that men who are more intuitive in their approach to parenting prior to a child’s birth show higher quality engagement with the child during early infancy. Using a prospective design and the Prenatal Lausanne Trilogue Play to observe mothers and fathers behaviors during their partner’s third trimester of pregnancy, the authors find that more intuitive fathers (as observed during the trilogue play paradigm) were more positively engaged when mothers were not very intuitive; but even intuitive fathers were less engaged when mothers were highly intuitive. Post hoc analysis revealed that maternal gatekeeping is
Pericapillary fibrin cuff: a histological sign of venous leg ulceration

The incidence of pericapillary fibrin cuffs was investigated in 49 biopsies of venous leg ulcers and 67 biopsies of leg ulcers of non‐venous etiology. Pericapillary fibrin cuffs were seen in 28 biopsies (57.1%) of venous leg ulcers, but only in 11 biopsies (16.4%) of non‐venous leg ulcers. In the venous leg ulcers pericapillary fibrin cuffs occurred predominantly near the ulcer surface and around dilated capillaries. Dilation of the capillaries and inflammation probably contribute more to the pathogenesis of pericapillary fibrin cuffs than venous hypertension.
Rehabilitation in Charles Bonnet syndrome: a review of treatment options

People with vision loss sometimes experience visual hallucinations associated with Charles Bonnet syndrome. The appearance of these hallucinations often causes anxiety for the sufferer and can be difficult for the attending eye care professional to manage. A review of the literature highlighted a range of visual, pharmacological and social management regimes that may alleviate these hallucinations, albeit using small samples in uncontrolled trials. Eye care practitioners should be aware of methods of rehabilitation in Charles Bonnet syndrome that may lead to resolution of the visual hallucinations.
CSR and mainstream investing: a new match? – an analysis of the existing ESG integration methods in theory and practice and the way forward

Companies and investors perceive the value of corporate social responsibility (CSR) differently; companies strive to obtain a competitive advantage and long-term value by working strategically with CSR, whereas investors see major barriers of integrating environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors into financial valuation models. Investors' current methods of applying ESG data in a financial valuation are categorized as either a ‘single decision model’ where only financial data are valued or a ‘dual decision model’ where both financial data and ESG factors are considered sequentially. As some socially responsible investment funds are able to outperform the market, we argue that the two models identified are insufficient to capture the additional value. On the basis of previous attempts to theoretically link CSR and economic performance, we propose that a new ‘integrated decision model’ should integrate financial data and ESG factors, but should not be based on existing valuation methods. Moreover, it should pursue a single objective, namely ‘value maximization’. A case study on the Danish company Novozymes shows that, in practice, each identified group of the interviewed investors value ESG data differently. One sophisticated investor group implicitly integrates ESG factors into a long-term focused valuation, where considerable value is attributed to ESG factors.
Thymus Reconstitution by cMr-expressing Hematopoietic Stem Cells Purified from Adult Mouse Bone Marrow

The introduction of donal assays and long-term culture systems has resulted in considerable progress in the understanding of the early events that control self-renewal and commitment to differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (PHSC). Relatively little is known about the factors that control the commitment of PHSC to the lymphoid lineages, especially the T cell lineage. In the present study, the expression of the proto-oncogene c-kit was used to isolate and study the capacity of highly purified day 14 colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) to reconstitute the thymus of sublethally irradiated Tby-1 congenic recipient mice. We demonstrate here that one c-kit positive (c-ki~ ~) stem cell upon intrathymic transfer can effectively reconstitute the thymus of a sublethally irradiated recipient. After a lag phase of 15 d, high levels of donor-derived thymocytes (Tby-I.lP ~ could be detected until 65 d after transplantation in Tby-l.2P ~ host mice. Donorderived cells were only detected in the lobe of the thymus in which cells were previously injected and not in the noninjected lobe. These data suggest that c-kit~ ~ stem cells do not migrate from one lobe to another and that they do not re-seed the thymus after having migrated to the bone marrow. The level and duration of reconstitution was found to be cell dose dependent, suggesting that, over time, endogenous stem cells compete with donor stem cells for available sites in the thymus microenvironment. The data presented in this paper demonstrate that commitment of purified adult bone marrow-derived c-ki t *s stem cells to the T cell differentiation pathway can occur in the thymus and does not have to happen in the bone marrow.
Radiation-induced changes in established tumor immunity.

The effect of radiation therapy on tumor growth and on specific immune resistance to tumor growth was investigated in mice actively sensitized to a syngeneic sarcoma. While radiation was therapeutic for tumor growth in the radiated field, it was also found that extensive-field radiation, but not limited-field radiation, could facilitate the growth of tumors in unradiated parts of the animal. The facilitation was greatest with radiation soon after the time of tumor implantation.
Tree-in-bud pattern of chest CT images for diagnosis of Mycobacterium abscesses.

OBJECTIVES Changes of chest CT images in Mycobacterium and non-Mycobacterium abscesses in patients with lung disease were with a view to making an early diagnosis. METHODS 124 primary patients diagnosed with non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium infections with a positive sputum acid-fast smear were enrolled in this retrospective study. CT images and clinical data of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS The 52 Mycobacterium abscess lung disease cases included bronchiectasis 82.7% (43/52), which was more easily detected bilaterally than unilaterally (29/52 vs. 14/52), lung consolidation 44.2% (23/52), nodules 44.2% (22/52), cavities 32.7% (17/52), tree-in-bud pattern 42.3% (22/52) and patchy shadow 63.5% (33/52) in CT images. Tree-in-bud pattern was more common in Mycobacterium abscess compared with non-Mycobacterium abscess lung disease (42.3% vs. 18.1%, P = 0.004). A significant difference of the lung area involved by tree-in-bud in CT was found between non-Mycobacteria abscess and Mycobacterium abscess lung disease (17.0% vs. 7.2%, P < 0.001), and tree-in-bud occurred more readily unilaterally (21.2% vs. 6.9%, P = 0.029), and in the inferior lobe of the right lung (3.2% vs. 0.2%, P = 0.029) in Mycobacterium abscess lung disease. Patchy shadow was more common in non-Mycobacterium abscess lung disease (63.5% vs. 80.1%, P = 0.041). Further multi-factor analysis confirmed that tree-in-bud was an independent predictor of Mycobacterium abscess lung disease. CONCLUSIONS Different CT results existed between non-Mycobacterium abscess and Mycobacterium abscess lung diseases. The tree-in-bud pattern might be helpful to choose a suitable therapy in patients, with an acid-fast bacilli smear-positive diagnosis of lung disease.
Relationship Marketing And Customer Loyalty In Mobile Telecommunication Industry In Nairobi, Kenya

Relationship marketing is a strategy designed to build customer loyalty, interaction and customer long-term engagement through provision of information and open communication that suits customer needs. The broad objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between customer relationship marketing and customer loyalty in the mobile telecommunication industry in Nairobi, Kenya. The study employed a descriptive survey design. The population comprised individual customers of the four mobile telecommunication companies in Kenya. A sample size of 384 respondents was utilized. Proportionate stratified sampling method based market share of each company was used. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire while descriptive statistics and simple regression analysis was used to analyze the quantitative data. The findings were as follows, quality of a service is subjectively perceived by customers during the interactions with a firm and has critical impact on customers' evaluation of service quality; effective communication of pricing policies as well as flexible pricing for various services offered play a great role in customer loyalty; positive brand image makes it easier for a firm to convey its brand value to consumers and also generates favorable customer loyalty among people; Businesses operating in an intensely price based competitive environment, dependent on high economies of scale and with low levels of staff-customer interaction are bound to suffer shocks in their market positions and profitability, However large investments on relational strategies like building trust, commitment, communication and satisfaction can turnaround the shocks.
A Quality Improvement Initiative: Improving the Frequency of Inpatient Electronic Prescribing

OBJECTIVE: To improve the frequency of electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) of discharge prescriptions at a children’s hospital via a bundle of quality improvement interventions. METHODS: Surveys and focus groups were conducted with patient families and pediatric residents to identify barriers and propose solutions to e-prescribing. These data were used to generate a series of interventions, including the following: (1) provider education; (2) changes in patient registration workflow; and (3) electronic health record changes to improve the frequency of e-prescribing on the pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) service. The primary outcome measure was the e-prescribing frequency, with a balance measure of e-prescribing errors. RESULTS: From July 2014 through June 2015, e-prescribing frequency on the PHM service improved from a median of 7.4% to 48.9% (P < .001) and was sustained for an additional 6 months (July 2015–December 2015), surpassing meaningful use targets with associated US News and World Report hospital ranking points. The frequency of PHM prescription errors remained unchanged, and in comparison, the resident outpatient clinic revealed no statistically significant change in e-prescribing frequency during this time period. CONCLUSIONS: Engaging front-line providers in hospital-wide initiatives and quality improvement interventions can directly affect hospital metrics in programs such as meaningful use and US News and World Report, as shown through successful improvement in PHM e-prescribing frequency. Future studies are necessary to determine whether increased e-prescribing frequency affects patient outcomes and compliance.
Fluoride intake and fractional urinary fluoride excretion of Colombian preschool children.

AIMS The purpose of this study was to assess the total fluoride intake and the fractional urinary fluoride excretion (FUFE) relative to the customary daily fluoride (F) ingestion in preschool children between 48-59 months of age. DESIGN Total fluoride ingestion, from dietary and toothpaste samples was determined in 120 young children, dwellers of four Colombian cities. A "duplicate plate" technique was used. In Colombia, table salt is fluoridated to a concentration of between 180-220 mg F/kg. Individual (n=96) FUFE values were calculated as the ratio between the total amount of F excreted in the urine and the total amount of F ingested, over a 24-hour period. RESULTS The average daily F-intake was 0.098 mg F/kg/day; 95% C.I. = 0.085-0.111 mg F/kg/day. The proportion of fluoride ingestion from toothpaste to the total fluoride intake was higher than 66% in all cities. The average FUFE values of subjects from each of the four Colombian cities under study did not differ significantly (ANOVA; p >0.91). The average 24-hour FUFE value for preschool children was 0.33; 95% C.I. = 0.29-0.37. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained suggest that preschool children residing in Colombian urban areas are ingesting amounts of fluoride above the upper limit of the proposed safe threshold. FUFE values are similar to those reported in previous studies where daily F-doses were equal or higher than 0.064 mg F/kg.
Do Analysts Merely Serve as a Conduit for Management's Private Information? Evidence from Their Stock Recommendations Around Regulation Fd

This study uses Reg FD to determine the relative importance of analysts' private information from firm management versus independent research. Using earnings-related closed conference calls as a proxy for the private communication between management and analysts and the informativeness of stock recommendation revisions as a proxy for analysts' total private information, we find the informativeness of analysts' recommendation downgrades but not upgrades issued following the earnings announcement declines significantly from the pre-Reg FD period to the post-Reg FD period for closed conference call firms relative to non-conference call firms. We do not find a similar decline in the recommendation informativeness for open conference call firms relative to non-conference call firms. In addition, the bad news from closed conference calls reflected in downgrades represents only one third of analysts' total private information reflected in downgrades. Our empirical results do not suggest that analysts merely serve as a conduit for management's private information.
Nongenetic induction of acquired levels of aggression.

Chamove, A.S. and Moodie, E.M. , 1990. Are alarming events good for captive monkeys? Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 27: 169-176. To evaluate a hypothesis suggesting that brief arousal may be beneficial to laboratory animals, 39 cotton-top tamarins living in four families were observed following stimulating husbandry proce¬ dures. Arousal led to an improvement in behaviour (i.e. decrease in activity and an increase in affili¬ ation ) during the remainder of the day, changes similar to patterns reported as positive effects of enrichment but opposite to negative effects of long-term stressors; a wider range ofnormal behaviour; but we found no evidence for an improved response to challenge.
Lung Cancer Risk Assessment in Relation With Personal Exposure to Airborne Particles in Four French Metropolitan Areas

Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify the total number of lung cancer deaths attributable to chronic exposure to fine particles (pm2.5) among adult populations of four French urban populations (Grenoble, Rouen, Paris, and Strasbourg). Methods: A geographic information system (GIS) was used to extrapolate personal average exposures to the total population of each metropolitan area across three sectors contrasted in terms of local sources of pollutants. We followed a health impact assessment approach by using the risk estimates in the CSP II study. Results: The annual number of lung cancer cases attributable to pm2.5 chronic exposure ranged from 12 to 404 according to the city. Among these deaths, up to 60% occurred, in the Paris metropolitan area in the urban sector most exposed to traffic emissions. Conclusions: The health impact of chronic exposures to urban air pollution in metropolitan areas of developed countries warrants further efforts to abate sources of toxicants and to reduce exposure. Traffic emissions still contribute significantly to the total lung cancer burden in France.
In vitro mechanical testing of braided polyurethane elastic fiber and braided polyester for equine laryngoplasty.

OBJECTIVES In vitro comparison of the mechanical properties of braided polyurethane elastomer (Lycra®) and braided polyester (Ethibond™) (1) when inserted into the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage and (2) as suture loops. STUDY DESIGN Experimental. ANIMALS Equine cadaver larynges (n = 15). METHODS The muscular processes (n = 30) of the arytenoid cartilages were dissected from each larynx and embedded in a resin base. Lycra® and Ethibond™ prostheses were randomly allocated to the left or right muscular process and each underwent cyclic fatigue (25-50 N) followed by load-to-failure testing. Isolated suture loops of Lycra® (n = 25) and Ethibond™ (n = 25) also underwent the same cyclic fatigue followed by load-to-failure testing (n = 20) or a creep testing protocol (25 N for 10 min; n = 5). RESULTS Lycra® prostheses pulled through the cartilage in a significantly greater proportion of cyclic tests (P = .015) and at lower mean (±SD) loads, (95.9 ± 23.4 N) during load-to-failure testing than Ethibond™ prostheses (155.2 ± 24.4 N; P = .0041). Lycra® had a significantly greater displacement with and without a cartilage interface when compared to Ethibond™ (P < .001, P < .002). The Lycra® isolated suture loops failed at significantly greater loads (233.0 ± 38.7 N) during load-to-failure testing than Ethibond™ loops (201.6 ± 47.4 N; P = .042). CONCLUSIONS Lycra® prostheses embedded in laryngeal cartilage pulled through the cartilage at lower loads than Ethibond™ prostheses. Lycra® suture loops were stronger than Ethibond™ suture loops. Lycra® had greater displacement than Ethibond™ in all tests as suture loops or when embedded in cartilage.
Hospital Governance, Performance Objectives, and Organizational Form

This paper studies the governance of a sample of California hospitals. We document a number of empirical relations about hospital governance: The composition of the board of directors varies systematically across ownership types; poor performance and low levels of uncompensated care increase board turnover, with this sensitivity varying by organizational type. Poor performance, high administrative costs, and high uncompensated care lead to higher CEO turnover, with these effects again varying across different organizational types. Overall, these results are consistent with the view that boards of directors of hospitals of different organizational forms are substantially different, and that these boards make decisions to maximize different objective functions.
Identification of New Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Population of Very Small Stem Cell with Oct-4A and Nanog Expression by Flow Cytometric Platforms

Very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) represent a unique rare population of adult stem cells (SCs) sharing several structural, genetic, biochemical, and functional properties with embryonic SCs and have been identified in several adult murine and human tissues. However, rat bone marrow- (BM-) derived SCs closely resembling murine or human VSELs have not been described. Thus, we employed multi-instrumental flow cytometric approach including classical and imaging cytometry and we established that newly identified population of nonhematopoietic cells expressing CD106 (VCAM-I) antigen contains SCs with very small size, expressing markers of pluripotency (Oct-4A and Nanog) on both mRNA and protein levels that indicate VSEL population. Based on our experience in both murine and human VSEL isolation procedures by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), we also optimized sorting protocol for separation of CD45−/Lin−/CD106+ rat BM-derived VSELs from wild type and eGFP-expressing rats, which are often used as donor animals for cell transplantations in regenerative studies in vivo. Thus, this is a first study identifying multiantigenic phenotype and providing sorting protocols for isolation VSELs from rat BM tissue for further examining of their functional properties in vitro as well as regenerative capacity in distinct in vivo rat models of tissue injury.
Segmental and Generalized Vitiligo: Both Forms Demonstrate Inflammatory Histopathological Features and Clinical Mosaicism

Background: Segmental vitiligo (SV) and generalized vitiligo (GV) are perceived to evolve by different mechanisms, the former with unspecified neural mechanisms and the latter by melanocyte specific autoimmune mechanisms. However, the two diverse mechanisms are difficult to reconcile in cases of “mixed vitiligo”. To test the possibility of a common pathogenesis, we reviewed clinical and histopathological features of SV and GV. Materials and Methods: As part of an ongoing histopathological study on vitiligo and vitiligo like lesions, over a 10 year period from 2002 to 2011, biopsies were taken routinely from evolving or recently evolved lesions. 50 cases of SV with quasi-dermatomal distribution and 154 cases of GV were identified and the clinical and histopathological features were compared. Results: Mild clinical inflammation was recorded in 33 of 154 GV cases but, none among 50 SV had such features. In addition to bilateral symmetrical involvement, mirror image lesions with unusual segmentation were observed in nine cases of GV. SV with a few bilateral lesions (4) and GV with quasi-dermatomal lesions (3), i.e., mixed vitiligo, were included in their corresponding groups for analytical purposes. Focal lichenoid inflammation of varying degrees around epidermal/adnexal melanocytes was identified as a common feature in evolving lesions of both SV (78%) and GV (70%). Conclusions: SV and GV demonstrated a similar inflammatory histopathological spectrum. “Segmentation/mosaicism”, identified for the first time in GV is another unifying factor. Cutaneous mosaicism harboring fragile melanocyte populations, which are susceptible to external as well as auto-inflammatory mechanisms, is an attractive hypothesis to pursue in the causation of vitiligo.