Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SAGITTARIUS II, DRACO II AND LAEVENS 3: THREE NEW MILKY WAY SATELLITES DISCOVERED IN THE PAN-STARRS 1 3π SURVEY

We present the discovery of three new Milky Way satellites from our search for compact stellar overdensities in the photometric catalog of the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System 1 (Pan-STARRS 1, or PS1) 3π survey. The first satellite, Laevens 3, is located at a heliocentric distance of d = 67 ± 3 kpc. With a total magnitude of MV = −4.4 ± 0.3 and a half-light radius of rh = 7 ± 2 pc, its properties resemble those of outer halo globular clusters. The second system, Draco II/Laevens 4, is a closer and fainter satellite (d ∼ 20 kpc, MV = −2.9 ± 0.8), whose uncertain size ( r h = 19 − 6 + 8 pc ? > ) renders its classification difficult without kinematic information; it could either be a faint and extended globular cluster or a faint and compact dwarf galaxy. The third satellite, Sagittarius II/Laevens 5 (Sgr II), has an ambiguous nature, as it is either the most compact dwarf galaxy or the most extended globular cluster in its luminosity range ( r h = 37 − 8 + 9 pc ? > and MV = −5.2 ± 0.4). At a heliocentric distance of 67 ± 5 kpc, this satellite lies intriguingly close to the expected location of the trailing arm of the Sagittarius stellar stream behind the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr dSph). If confirmed through spectroscopic follow up, this connection would locate this part of the trailing arm of the Sagittarius stellar stream that has so far gone undetected. It would further suggest that Sgr II was brought into the Milky Way halo as a satellite of the Sgr dSph.
WEIGHTED EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS FOR THE p-LAPLACIAN WITH WEIGHTS IN WEAK LEBESGUE SPACES

We consider the nonlinear eigenvalue problem −∆pu = λg|u|p−2u, u ∈ D 0 (Ω) where ∆p is the p-Laplacian operator, Ω is a connected domain in RN with N > p and the weight function g is locally integrable. We obtain the existence of a unique positive principal eigenvalue for g such that g+ lies in certain subspace of weak-LN/p(Ω). The radial symmetry of the first eigenfunctions are obtained for radial g, when Ω is a ball centered at the origin or RN . The existence of an infinite set of eigenvalues is proved using the LjusternikSchnirelmann theory on C1 manifolds.
Local politics and police strength

Numerous studies have explored variation in police employment across cities, usually focusing on public choice, conflict, or organizational explanations. Yet, few consider whether the local political context affects police employment. Recent research suggests that local politics affects criminal justice outcomes. Using insights from urban politics research, I develop testable hypotheses about the effects of local political arrangements on municipal police strength. WLS regression results suggest the value of considering local political context in models of police strength. Specifically, in a sample of 945 cities with 25,000 or more residents in 1990, net of other variables, cities with unreformed political systems (mayor‐council forms of government, district‐based city councils and partisan elections) had more police employees per 1,000 residents, and this effect varied by region. Additionally, the effect of minority populations and crime rates on police strength varied across municipal political contexts. Implications for theories of police strength are discussed.
The Mammary Gland Structure after Submaxillectomy in Adult Female Albino Rats : A Histological Study

The surgical extraction of the submandibular salivary glands or depletion of its peptides led to some atrophic effects on the structure and function of various organs. Consequently, total submaxillectomy could be used as a preventive measure or approach of mammary gland neoplasia. To reveal the exact role(s)of the submandibular active peptides on the normal mammary glands structure; two groups of female rats were used, control group I: intact (Ia) and sham operated (Ib), and group II submitted to total submaxillectomy. Biochemical analysis of serum epidermal growth factor (EGF) was estimated. The mammary glands were prepared for whole mount Carmine alum, Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome (MT) stain procedures and analysis of tissue epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and transforming growth factor α (TGFα) tissue proteins. A significant decrease of all examined submandibular gland peptides in serum and in the mammary tissue was detected in the group II. The whole mount technique revealed an overall decreased size of the mammary glands ductal tree which appeared less arborescent. Abnormally directed tertiary ducts, stunted terminal end buds and defective lateral and alveolar buds were demonstrated. H&E and MT stained sections revealed overall decreased connective tissue elements in the form of thin capsule, fine interlobular septa and a decrease of fibroblastic stroma around the ducts and blood vessels. More abundant adipose tissue in the interstitium was noted. Less developed parenchyma in the form of fewer and thinner abnormally directed interlobular ducts and the vacuolated luminal epithelium were seen. A prominent number of inflammatory cells infiltrating the stroma and some ductules were recorded.
BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DIGESTIVE CARBOHYDRASES IN THE ROSE SAWFLY, ARGE ROSAE LINNAEUS (HYMENOPTERA: ARGIDAE)

The rose sawfly, Arge rosae Linnaeus, is one of the most destructive pests of rose bushes in the north of Iran. Nowadays, many attempts have been made to reduce pesticide application by looking for new methods of pest control. A non chemical method for controlling insect pests including A. rosae can be achieved by using genetically engineered plants expressing carbohydrase inhibitors. Therefore, in present study we characterized biochemical properties of digestive carbohydrases in the gut of A. rosae for achieving a new method for control of this pest. The specific activity of α-amylase in the digestive system of last larval instars of A. rosae was obtained as 9.46 ± 0.06 μmol min -1 mg -1 protein. Also, the optimal pH and temperature for α-amylase were found to be at pH 8 and 50 °C. As calculated from Lineweaver-Burk plots, the Km and Vmax values for α-amylase were 0.82 mg/ml and 7.32 µmol min -1 mg -1 protein, respectively, when starch was used as substrate. The effects of ions on amylolytic activity showed that Mg 2+ and Na + significantly increased amylase activity, whereas SDS and EDTA decreased the enzyme activity. The highest activities of α-/β-glucosidase and β-galactosidase were obtained at pH 5.0. By the native PAGE, three, one, one and two bands were clearly detected for α- amylase, α-/β-glucosidase and β-galactosidase, respectively. No bands were found for α-galactosidase that confirmed the absence or low activity of this carbohydrate in the digestive system of A. rosae. These results could provide the knowledge needed to produce transgenic plants for control of this pest.
Gönderim Tarihi: 09.01.2018 Kabul Tarihi: 01.05.2018 PESSIMISM AND OPTIMISM AT DUAL TASK PERFORMANCE

The aim of the present study was to investigate dual task performance in pessimist and optimist participants. To test for this, two hundred fifty participants were screened via life orientation test. Twenty participants were selected from top quartiles of pessimism and optimism. In addition, participants with higher depression and with history of past or current psychiatric and neurologic disorders were eliminated based on Beck depression inventory and psychiatric and neurologic screening test. In the final case, 20 participants from each group were performed three tasks which are single tasks, dual tasks with 1000 ms. and dual task with 0 SOA manipulations. The results showed that individuals who scored higher on pessimism scale were considerably slowing down as compared to individuals who scored higher on optimism scale as task demand increase from single task to dual task with 0 SOA. It has been concluded that pessimism may impair central executive functions during dual task processing.
Quality and fruit colour change in Verna lemon

While most of lemon cultivars in the northern hemisphere are harvested in autumn-winter, Verna, an autochthonous Spanish cultivar, is harvested later (February to August), supplying the European market when lemons are in short supply, a market that is also served by imports from the southern hemisphere, mainly Argentina and South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the temperature at which degreening begins naturally in Verna lemon, noting the evolution of colorimetric parameter a and comparing the same with the equivalent measurements made in Eureka lemon, the most widely cultivated lemon worldwide. The influence of solar radiation on the colorimetric parameters was studied, and then the influence of the minimum temperatures on the change from green to yellow, using the data collected over five growing seasons, was also assessed. The results confirmed the relation between net solar radiation and degreening in Verna, a process that begins when net solar radiation reaches a value of between 2 and 4 MJ/m 2 . day and when the mean temperature of the 14 days prior to sampling is8.8 oC or when the daily mean temperature reaches5.5 oC on two consecutive days. The information obtained will enable growers to predict the colour changes that will occur in the field and potential growers to ascertain whether a given geographical zone is suitable for the crop in question.
STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING SPEED IN NEW TECHNOLOGY BASED FIRMS

New Technology Based Firms (NTBF) operate in high-velocity environments that make considerable demands about the speed of strategic choices. This study draws upon strategic decision-making and organization theories to propose that strategic decision making speed mediates the relation between personal, organizational and environmental factors and performance. Hypotheses were theoretically developed and tested with data from an empirical investigation of Mexican NTBF. Measures of personal characteristics, organization structure, business environment, strategic decision speed and performance were collected from 103 Technology Founder Managers at the end of 2012. The results confirmed that strategic decision making speed influences the performance of NTBF and mediates the relation of uncertainty, CEO model, dynamism and hostility with firm performance.
Occurrence of Escherichia coli and Coliforms in Minas Cheese Plants from Sao Paulo, Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of total coliforms and Escherichia coli in Minas cheese throughout the manufacturing process in 3 medium-scale cheese plants from Sao Paulo, Brazil. Each cheese plant was visited 4 times to collect samples at approximately 2 month intervals, totalizing 12 visits. Raw milk samples had high total coliforms and E. coli counts in all cheese plants, and at the 4 sampling times, with a mean value of 4.7 log most probable number (MPN) mL-1 for total coliforms. E. coli was not detected in pasteurized milk samples in any cheese plant. However, all samples of packaged Minas cheese had high levels of total coliforms. The percentages of samples of packaged Minas cheeses with E. coli counts above the tolerance limit for fecal coliforms (2.7 log MPN g-1) varied from 25% to 80% in the 3 cheese plants. Given the potential involvement of E. coli in human diseases and its frequent occurrence in Minas cheese, there is a need for improvement of hygiene practices for its prevention in medium-scale cheese plants in Brazil.
Determinants of Decommissioning Provision Disclosures: Empirical evidence from energy entities listed on EU-regulated markets

The reporting of decommissioning provisions has recently received considerable attention due to inconsistent reporting and lack of sufficient information. The estimation of the provision is highly uncertain due to timing and amount and involves a high degree of professional managerial judgment as a pre-tax discount rate is used to estimate the value. As the decommissioning cost may have a material impact on financial statements, an increased awareness towards the disclosures of the judgments and estimates is essential. To reflect the underlying financial position of the entity the disclosures must be of high quality. However, previous research provides evidence that management has incentives to affect the perception of the entity. Self-serving presentation has been argued to involve strategic choices of both the content and language tone of disclosures. This thesis examines the determinants of decommissioning provision disclosures of entities operating in the energy industry, reporting in accordance with IFRS. We hypothesize that the quality and tone of the disclosures are determined by entity characteristics, more specifically decommissioning provision size, profitability, leverage and entity size. To capture the disclosure quality we use a self-constructed disclosure index, whereas we employ DICTION software to examine the verbal tone of the reports. Our findings show that entity characteristics to a large degree determine the quality and tone of decommissioning provision disclosures, indicating that the variation of disclosures is due to management incentives. The findings support what recently has been notified, i.e. the financial reporting of decommissioning provisions varies among entities. The vague requirements in the standards consequently leave more scope for strategic decisions on what and how to disclose why management may have incentives to provide deceptive disclosures in an attempt to affect stakeholders’ perception.
Seasonal Variation of the Indonesian Throughflow in Makassar Strait

AbstractThe seasonal variation of Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) transport is investigated using ocean general circulation model experiments with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Twenty-eight years (1981–2008) of ⅓° Indo-Pacific basin HYCOM simulations and three years (2004–06) from a global HYCOM simulation are analyzed. Both models are able to simulate the seasonal variation of upper-ocean currents and the total transport through Makassar Strait measured by International Nusantara Stratification and Transport (INSTANT) moorings reasonably well. The annual cycle of upper-ocean currents is then calculated from the Indo-Pacific HYCOM simulation. The reduction of southward currents at Makassar Strait during April–May and October–November is evident, consistent with the INSTANT observations. Analysis of the upper-ocean currents suggests that the reduction in ITF transport during April–May and October–November results from the wind variation in the tropical Indian Ocean through the generation of a Wyr.
Upper Locating-Domination Numbers of Cycles

A set D of vertices in a graph G = (V,E) is a locating-dominating set (LDS) if for every two vertices u,v of V \ D the sets N(u) \ D and N(v) \ D are non-empty and different. The locating-domination number L(G) is the minimum cardinality of an LDS of G, and the upper-locating domination number L(G) is the maximum cardinality of a minimal LDS of G. In the present paper, methods for determining the exact values of the upper locating-domination numbers of cycles are provided.
Dynamics for a non-linear and non-autonomous compartmental system

We study the long-time behavior of the amount of material within the compartments of a compartmental system for which the flow of material does not have to be instantaneous and may even take an infinite time to occur. Results on the estructure of minimal sets for monotone skew-product semiflows, previously obtained by the authors, are applied to this description. 1 Some previous results In this section, we focus on some properties of monotone skew-product semiflows determined by a family of functional differential equations with infinite delay. They were proved by Novo et al. [7] and provide infinite delay version of significative results obtained by Jiang and Zhao [4]. Let (Ω, σ, R) be a minimal flow over a compact metric space (Ω, d) and denote σ(t, ω) = ω·t for each ω ∈ Ω and t ∈ R. In Rn, we take the maximum norm ‖v‖ = maxj=1,. ,n |vj | and the usual partial order relation v ≤ w ⇐⇒ vj ≤ wj for j = 1, . , n , v < w ⇐⇒ v ≤ w and vj < wj for some j ∈ {1, . , n} . We consider the Fréchet space X = C((−∞, 0], Rn) endowed with the compact-open topology, i.e. the topology of uniform convergence over compact subsets, which is a metric space for the distance d(x, y) = ∞ ∑ m=1 1 2m ‖x− y‖m 1 + ‖x− y‖m , x, y ∈ X ,
Global Crude to Local Food : An Empirical Study of Global Oil Price Pass-through to Maize Prices in East Africa

We study the transmission of global crude oil and maize prices to local maize prices across east Africa. Consistent with several recent papers, we do not find a significant causal relationship between oil and maize prices at the global market level. However, global oil prices do strongly affect maize prices at subnational markets through their impacts on transport fuel prices. When we allow for the potential effects of local fuel prices on the price spread between maize markets, the average price elasticity of local maize with respect to global oil prices is 0.26. For 7 of the 17 markets in the study – and particularly for the 3 markets farthest from the coast – global oil prices have larger effects on local maize prices than do global maize prices. Furthermore, oil price shocks transmit much more rapidly throughout the region than do maize price shocks. This suggests that the short term effects of correlated commodity price increases on food prices in Africa may be driven more by rising transport costs than by the rising costs of food grains on global markets.
Myocardial Infarction: An Overview of STEMI and NSTEMI Physiopathology and Treatment

Patients with myocardial infarction resulting from acute coronary syndrome are classified by electrocardiographic presentation: 1-acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or 2-non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Prompt reperfusion of an infarct-related artery by percutaneous coronary interventions provides some relief of symptoms; long-term prognosis appears to be worse in STEMI compared to NSTEMI patients but clinical findings remain controversial. Reduced myocardial perfusion to the infarct area, caused in part by microvascular obstruction, is a privileged target for diverse pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic interventions (or combinations thereof) to improve clinical outcomes. To date, benefits of both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies to either limit microvascular obstruction and myocardial injury or improve myocardial perfusion are inconsistent. This review focuses on the physiopathological aspects of myocardial infarction in relation to development of STEMI/NSTEMI and on potential cardioprotective strategies.
Co-designed accelerator for homomorphic encryption applications

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is considered as a key cryptographic tool in building a secure cloud computing environment since it allows computing arbitrary functions directly on encrypted data. However, existing FHE implementations remain impractical due to very high time and resource costs. These costs are essentially due to the computationally intensive modular polynomial multiplication. In this paper, we present a software/hardware co-designed modular polynomial multiplier in order to accelerate homomorphic schemes. The hardware part is implemented through a High-Level Synthesis (HLS) flow. Experimental results show competitive latencies when compared with hand-made designs, while maintaining large advantages on resources. Moreover, we show that our high-level description can be easily configured with different parameters and very large sizes in negligible time, generating new designs for numerous applications.
Discovery of kpc-scale line emission in barred galaxies, not linked to AGN or star formation.

We present an analysis of the optical line emission from nearby barred galaxies, and in particular look at the radial range occupied by the bar. In many cases this region is marked by what we term a 'star formation desert', with a marked deficit of HII regions in optical narrow-band H-alpha imaging. Here we present long-slit spectroscopy revealing that such regions do have line emission, but that it is low-level, spatially smooth and almost ubiquitous. The relative strengths of the H-alpha and the spectrally adjacent [NII] lines in the regions are completely discrepant from those associated with star formation regions, and more closely match expectations for 'LINER' regions. We quantify the total line emission from these extended, kpc-scale regions, and determine the spurious contribution it would make to the determined star formation rate of these galaxies if interpreted as normal H-alpha emission. We concur with previous studies that link this LINER emission to old stellar populations, e.g. post-asymptotic giant branch stars, and propose these strongly-barred early-type spirals as a prime location for further tests of such emission.
Errors in Survey Reporting and Imputation and Their Effects on Estimates of Food Stamp Program Participation

ABSTRACT Accurately measuring government benefit receipt in household surveys is necessary when studying disadvantaged populations and welfare programs. The Food Stamp Program is especially important given its size and recent growth. To validate survey reports, we link administrative data on participation in two states to three key household surveys. We find that between 23 and 50 percent of true food stamp recipient households do not report receipt. A substantial number of true nonrecipients are also recorded as recipients. We examine reasons for these errors, including imputation, an important source of error. Error rates vary with household characteristics, implying complicated biases in multivariate analyses, such as regressions. We directly examine biases in common survey-based estimates of program receipt by comparing them to estimates from our linked data. We find that the survey estimates understate participation among single parents, nonwhites, and low-income households and also lead to errors in multiple program receipt and time and age patterns of receipt.
Nutritional, functional and rheological properties of processed sorghum and ragi grains

Abstract This study was undertaken to determine the effect of different treatments such as roasting, puffing and germination of white sorghum, red sorghum and ragi grains on physicochemical, antioxidant, protein, amylose, bulk density, colour index and rheological properties of respective flour. In case of ragi, after roasting treatment, total phenolic content (TPC) content for flour was increased from 0.331 ± 0.001 to 0.373 ± 0.004 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry sample. However, total flavonoids content was also increased slightly after different processing treatments. The rheological properties of respective flour were studied using Chopin Mixolab, where wheat flour dough profile acts as a reference to study the effect of different treatments. Dough elasticity which is expressed by the values of amplitude (Nm) was found to be low in case of untreated flour as compared to wheat flour dough. Elasticity values of untreated flour such as white sorghum, red sorghum and ragi were 0.02, 0.00 and 0.06 Nm, respectively. Whereas, after processing treatments, values of elasticity for roasted flour dough of white sorghum, puffed flour dough of red sorghum and roasted flour dough of ragi increased to 0.36, 0.11 and 0.15 Nm, respectively, as compared to wheat flour dough of 0.10 Nm. The results found that roasted ragi flour had higher rate of starch gelatinization, lower starch retrogradation, high antioxidant and amylose contents which were found to be prospective ingredients in whole wheat flour in various baked and fermented food applications.