Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Methods for Finding Textual Features of Depression from Publications

Depression is a common but serious mood disorder. In 2015, WHO reports about 322 million people were living with some form of depression, which is the leading cause of ill health and disability worldwide. In USA, there are approximately 14.8 million American adults (about 6.7% percent of the US population) affected by major depressive disorder. Most individuals with depression are not receiving adequate care because the symptoms are easily neglected and most people are not even aware of their mental health problems. Therefore, a depression prescreen system is greatly beneficial for people to understand their current mental health status at an early stage. Diagnosis of depressions, however, is always extremely challenging due to its complicated, many and various symptoms. Fortunately, publications have rich information about various depression symptoms. Text mining methods can discover the different depression symptoms from literature. In order to extract these depression symptoms from publications, machine learning approaches are proposed to overcome four main obstacles: (1) represent publications in a mathematical form; (2) get abstracts from publications; (3) remove the noisy publications to improve the data quality; (4) extract the textual symptoms from publications. For the first obstacle, we integrate Word2Vec with LDA by either representing publications with documenttopic distance distributions or augmenting the word-to-topic and word-to-word vectors. For the second obstacle, we calculate a document vector and its paragraph vectors by aggregating word vectors from Word2Vec. Feature vectors are calculated by clustering word vectors. Selected paragraphs are decided by the similarity of their distances to feature vectors and the document vector to feature vectors. For the third obstacle, one class SVM model is trained by vectored publications, and outlier publications are excluded by distance measurements. For the fourth obstacle, we fully evaluate the possibility of a word as a symptom according to its frequency in entire publications, and local relationship with its surrounding words in a publication. INDEX WORDS: Information retrieval, Text representation, Text mining, Document summarization, Outlier document detection, Textual feature extraction, Social network, TextRank, Word2Vec, Latent Dirichlet allocation, One-class SVM, Keyword Extraction, Depression, Textual symptoms MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FOR FINDING TEXTUAL FEATURES OF DEPRESSION FROM PUBLICATIONS
A Likelihood Ratio Framework for High Dimensional Semiparametric Regression

We propose a likelihood ratio based inferential framework for high dimensional semiparametric generalized linear models. This framework addresses a variety of challenging problems in high dimensional data analysis, including incomplete data, selection bias, and heterogeneous multitask learning. Our work has three main contributions. (i) We develop a regularized statistical chromatography approach to infer the parameter of interest under the proposed semiparametric generalized linear model without the need of estimating the unknown base measure function. (ii) We propose a new framework to construct post-regularization confidence regions and tests for the low dimensional components of high dimensional parameters. Unlike existing post-regularization inferential methods, our approach is based on a novel directional likelihood. In particular, the framework naturally handles generic regularized estimators with nonconvex penalty functions and it can be used to infer least false parameters under misspecified models. (iii) We develop new concentration inequalities and normal approximation results for U-statistics with unbounded kernels, which are of independent interest. We demonstrate the consequences of the general theory by using an example of missing data problem. Extensive simulation studies and real data analysis are provided to illustrate our proposed approach.
Gender Differences in E-Society: The Case of Slovenia

 Abstract — The ever-increasing presence and use of information and communication technology (ICT) influences the different social relationships of today's society. Gender differences are especially important from the viewpoint of modern society since ICT can either deepen the existing inequalities or diminish them. In a developed Western world, gender equality has been a well-focused area for decades in many parts of society including education, employment or politics and has led to a decrease in the inequality of women and men in these and other areas. The area of digital equality, or inequality for that matter, is one of the areas where gender differences still exist in many countries of the world. The research presented in this paper focuses on Slovenia, one of the smallest EU member states, being an average achiever in the area of e-society according to the many different European benchmarking indexes. On the other hand, Slovenia is working in an alignment with many European gender equality guidelines and showing good results. The results of our research are based on the analysis of survey data from 2014 to 2017 dealing with Slovenian citizens and their households and the use of ICT. Considering gender issues, the synthesis showed that cultural differences influence some measured ICT indicators but on the other hand the differences are low and only sometimes statistically significant.
Statistical study of the conductance and shot noise in open quantum-chaotic cavities. Contribution from whispering gallery modes

In the past, a maximum-entropy model was introduced and applied to the study of statistical scattering by chaotic cavities, when short paths may play an important role in the scattering process. In particular, the validity of the model was investigated in relation with the statistical properties of the conductance in open chaotic cavities. In this article we investigate further the validity of the maximum-entropy model, by comparing the theoretical predictions with the results of computer simulations, in which the Schroedinger equation is solved numerically inside the cavity for one and two open channels in the leads; we analyze, in addition to the conductance, the zero-frequency limit of the shot-noise power spectrum. We also obtain theoretical results for the ensemble average of this last quantity, for the orthogonal and unitary cases of the circular ensemble and an arbitrary number of channels. Generally speaking, the agreement between theory and numerics is good. In some of the cavities that we study, short paths consist of whispering gallery modes, which were excluded in previous studies. These cavities turn out to be all the more interesting, as it is in relation with them that we found certain systematic discrepancies in the comparison with theory. We give evidence that it is the lack of stationarity inside the energy interval that is analyzed, and hence the lack of ergodicity that gives rise to the discrepancies. Indeed, the agreement between theory and numerical simulations is improved when the energy interval is reduced to a point and the statistics is then collected over an ensemble. It thus appears that the maximum-entropy model is valid beyond the domain where it was originally derived. An understanding of this situation is still lacking at the present moment.
Trichothecene and zearalenone production, in culture, by isolates of Fusarium pseudograminearum from western Canada

One hundred and twenty-seven isolates of Fusarium pseudograminearum were obtained from seeds and vegetative parts of cereals and other gramineae grown in western Canada. Culture of the isolates on agar selective for Fusarium graminearum allowed a successful differentiation from F. graminearum. Sterilized rice (40% moisture content) was inoculated with a single germinated spore of isolates identified as F. pseudograminearum and was incubated at 23 °C. After 14 days of incubation, mycelium was taken from each culture, and the DNA was extracted to detect the tri5 gene by polymerase chain reaction analysis and confirm the species identity. After 21 days of incubation, mycotoxins were quantified in dried rice. All isolates contained the tri5 gene. Deoxynivalenol (DON) was produced in 125 of the 127 isolates, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) in 122 isolates, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) in 2 isolates, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) in 17 isolates, and zearalenone in 100 isolates; both nivalenol (NIV) and fusarenon X (FX) were detected in 1 isolate. There appears to be three chemotypes: DON–3-ADON, DON–15-ADON, and NIV. Neither of the two 15-ADON producers or the NIV producer formed DAS. This is the first time that the production of DAS and FX is associated with F. pseudograminearum. None of the isolates produced HT-2 toxin or T-2 toxin at detectable levels.
KINEMATIC MODELING OF THE MILKY WAY USING THE RAVE AND GCS STELLAR SURVEYS

We investigate the kinematic parameters of the Milky Way disk using the Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) and Geneva–Copenhagen Survey (GCS) stellar surveys. We do this by fitting a kinematic model to the data and taking the selection function of the data into account. For stars in the GCS we use all phase-space coordinates, but for RAVE stars we use only (ℓ, b, vlos). Using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique, we investigate the full posterior distributions of the parameters given the data. We investigate the age–velocity dispersion relation for the three kinematic components (σR, σϕ, σz), the radial dependence of the velocity dispersions, the solar peculiar motion (U☉, V☉, W☉), the circular speed Θ0 at the Sun, and the fall of mean azimuthal motion with height above the midplane. We confirm that the Besançon-style Gaussian model accurately fits the GCS data but fails to match the details of the more spatially extended RAVE survey. In particular, the Shu distribution function (DF) handles noncircular orbits more accurately and provides a better fit to the kinematic data. The Gaussian DF not only fits the data poorly but systematically underestimates the fall of velocity dispersion with radius. The radial scale length of the velocity dispersion profile of the thick disk was found to be smaller than that of the thin disk. We find that correlations exist between a number of parameters, which highlights the importance of doing joint fits. The large size of the RAVE survey allows us to get precise values for most parameters. However, large systematic uncertainties remain, especially in V☉ and Θ0. We find that, for an extended sample of stars, Θ0 is underestimated by as much as 10% if the vertical dependence of the mean azimuthal motion is neglected. Using a simple model for vertical dependence of kinematics, we find that it is possible to match the Sgr A* proper motion without any need for V☉ being larger than that estimated locally by surveys like GCS.
Density of Monochromatic Infinite Paths

For any subset $A \subseteq \mathbb{N}$, we define its upper density to be $\limsup_{ n \rightarrow \infty } |A \cap \{ 1, \dotsc, n \}| / n$. We prove that every $2$-edge-colouring of the complete graph on $\mathbb{N}$ contains a monochromatic infinite path, whose vertex set has upper density at least $(9 + \sqrt{17})/16 \approx 0.82019$. This improves on results of Erdős and Galvin, and of DeBiasio and McKenney.
Importance of flood dynamics versus intrinsic physical habitat in structuring fish communities : Evidence from two adjacent engineered floodplains on the sacramento river, California

Abstract We examined the factors structuring fish communities at two adjacent engineered floodplain systems on the Sacramento River, California: Yolo and Sutter bypasses. We intensively sampled fishes at each location during January–June 2002 and 2004 by rotary screw trap, collecting a total of 126,635 fish comprised of 29 species. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling indicated that distinct fish communities persisted between the locations during our study, despite nearly identical hydrographs and water temperature regimes. Regression models evaluated with an information-theoretic approach also indicated that location was an important factor explaining the abundances of selected species. Overall, Yolo Bypass had more species and a greater proportion of native species than did Sutter Bypass. Sutter Bypass had a greater proportion of species classified as freshwater, while Yolo Bypass had a greater proportion of species classified as either estuarine or anadromous. We believe these results are related to subs.
Topoclimatic Studies of a High Arctic Plateau Ice Cap

Abstract Meteorological observations on and around a small, exposed plateau ice cap on north-eastern Ellesmere Island, N.W. T. , Canada, were carried out in the northern summers of 1982 and 1983. The objective was to assess the effect of the ice cap on local climate as the melt season progressed. In 1982, seasonal net radiation totals were lowest on the ice cap and greatest at the site farthest from the ice cap. The ice-cap site received only 35% of net radiation totals on the surrounding tundra. This reflects a gradient in albedo; albedo changed most markedly away from the ice cap as the summer progressed. A thermal gradient was observed along a transect perpendicular to the ice-cap edge; this gradient was greatest at low levels (15 cm) and was maximized under cloud-free conditions. The “cooling effect” of the ice cap was less at the start of the ablation season than later. Low-level inversions occurred more frequently over the ice cap than over the snow-free tundra. Overall, melting degree days on the ice cap were only 40–65% of those on the adjacent tundra. A model of interactions between the atmosphere and a snow and ice cover, or a snow-free tundra/felsenmeer surface is proposed. Observations indicate that the ice cap has a cooling effect on the lower atmosphere relative to the adjacent snow-free tundra; this effect is absent when snow cover is extensive (as in 1983).
Agency Contracts, Noncommitment Timing Strategies, and Real Options

Given an owner's noncommitment timing strategy and a manager's hidden action, we consider how the optimal compensation contract for the manager is designed and how the corresponding timing decisions to launch the project and replace the manager are determined. Using a real options approach, we show that in comparison with the firstbest case, the higher (lower)-quality project is launched later (at the same time as the first-best case), whereas the incumbent manager is replaced earlier. We also indicate that compared with the case of the owner’s commitment timing strategy and the manager's hidden action, the higher (lower)-quality project is launched later (at the same time as the first-best case), whereas the incumbent manager is (is not necessarily) replaced later if the hidden-action problem is severe enough (is not severe enough). Unlike the folklore result of the standard moral hazard model, severance pay may serve to minimize the compensation for the manager's loss of his option value caused by loss of corporate control by committing the owner to delaying replacement of the manager if the hidden-action problem is not too severe.
Malaysian Public Attitude Towards Several Modern Biotechnology Applications

-Modern biotechnology has been given priority by the Malaysian government to spearhead the country’s economy and modern biotechnology products from other countries are coming in. The future development and commercialization of modern biotechnology products in Malaysia depends heavily on public acceptance. If consumer acceptance issues are not adequately addressed, then the potential economic and social benefits of modern biotechnology may not be realized. The purpose of this paper is to study the attitude of the Malaysian public in the Klang Valley region toward three applications of modern biotechnology(GM palm oil, GM insulin and GM soybean). A survey was carried out on 1017 respondents from various interest groups in the Klang Valley region. Results of the survey have shown that the overall attitude of the Malaysian stakeholders in the Klang Valley region were cautious. Although they acknowledged the presence of moderate perceived benefits associated with the three modern biotechnology applications surveyed and were moderately encouraging of them, they were also moderately concerned about the risks and moral aspects of the three applications as well as moderately accepting the risks. Attitude towards modern biotechnology among the Klang Valley stakeholders was found to vary according to the type of applications. ANOVAs also showed significant differences in the six dimensions of attitude across stakeholders’ groups. Key-Words:public attitude, modern biotechnology, perceived risk, perceived benefit, moral concerns
First results from GeMS/GSAOI for project SUNBIRD: Supernovae UNmasked by Infra-Red Detection

We would like to thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. This publication is based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States); the National Research Council (Canada); CONICYT (Chile); Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina); and Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil). The relevant program codes are: GS-2012B-SV-407 (PI: S. Ryder); GS-2013A-Q-9 (PI: S. Ryder/F. Bauer); GS-2015A-C-2, (PI: S. Sweet/R. Sharp); GS-2015A-Q-6 (PI: S. Ryder); GS-2015A-Q-7 (PI: S. Ryder); GN-2015A- DD-4 (PI: S. Ryder) and GS-2016A-C-1 (PI: E. Kool). This publication is based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID's 073.D-0406 (PI: P. Vaisanen), 086.B-0901 (PI: A. Escala) and 089.D-0847 (PI: S. Mattila) and on data obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility under request numbers eckool194907, -196798 and -226876. The European VLBI Network is a joint facility of independent European, African, Asian and North American radio astronomy institutes. Scientific results from data presented in this publication are derived from the following EVN project code(s): RSP13 (P.I. Perez-Torres). RMcD is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (project number FT150100333). ECK is grateful for financial support provided by the International Macquarie University Research Excellence Scholarship and the Australian Astronomical Observatory (AAO) through the AAO PhD Scholarship Scheme. MAPT, RHI and AA acknowledge support by the Spanish MINECO through grants AYA2012-38491-C02-02 and AYA2015-63939-C2-1-P, co-funded with FEDER funds. FEB acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007 and FONDECYT Regular 1141218. CRC acknowledges support from CONICYT through FONDECYT grant 3150238. FEB and CRC acknowledge support from the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, MAS.
1-23-2017 Volatility and Venture Capital

The performance of venture capital (VC) investments load positively on shocks to aggregate return volatility. I document this novel source of risk at the asset-class, fund, and portfolio-company levels. The positive relation between VC performance and volatility is driven by the option-like structure of VC investments, especially by VCs’ contractual option to reinvest. At the asset-class level, shocks to aggregate volatility explain a substantial fraction of VC returns. At the fund level, consistent with the reinvestment channel, this exposure is concentrated in years two through four of fund life and in early-stage VC funds, which have more embedded reinvestment options. For VC-backed portfolio companies, volatility shocks correlate with faster and more frequent reinvestment. The level of volatility at the time of investment has no relation with future performance, consistent with competitive markets. Overall, my results imply that the option-like features of VC investments are first-order determinants of risk in VC.
Investments in Consumer Relationships: A Cross-Country and Cross-Industry Exploration

This research, investigating retailer–consumer relationships, has three distinct intended contributions: (1) It shows that different relationship marketing tactics have a differential impact on consumer perceptions of a retailer's relationship investment; (2) it demonstrates that perceived relationship investment affects relationship quality, ultimately leading to behavioral loyalty; and (3) it reveals that the effect of perceived relationship investment on relationship quality is contingent on a consumer's product category involvement and proneness to engage in retail relationships. The authors empirically cross-validate the underlying conceptual model by studying six consumer samples in a three-country, transatlantic, comparative survey that investigates two industries.
Status of blue duiker ( Cephalophus monticola ) in the Lebialem-Mone- Banyang-Mbo landscape, South-West Cameroon

A survey of blue duikers ( Cephalophus monticola ) in the Lebialem-Mone-Banyang-Mbo (LMBM) landscape was conducted during the period of May to September 2012 with the aim of establishing a database for the enhancement of sustainable management of Wildlife population. The line transect method (Tsi, 2011) was used for data collection. Results revealed an encounter rate of 12.8 indexes per km, a density of 2.56 per km 2 and estimate of 1162 blue duikers in the entire landscape. The findings also showed that there is currently a high level of bush meat harvesting and a tragic forest transformation due to uncontrolled anthropogenic activities in the landscape. In comparison with the findings of Walhert in Korupt national park, the estimated density in the LMBM landscape was considered relatively high for a non protected area. It was concluded that this high population of blue duikers against a background of intense anthropogenic activities is indicative; It is strong evident that LMBM landscape serves as a natural wildlife corridor, linking it many surrounding protected areas. There the gazetment of the proposed Bechati- Mone wildlife corridor situated in the LMBM landscape will go a long way to enhance effective wildlife conservation in the region. Keywords : Conservation status, blue duiker, encounter rate, anthropogenic activities, sustainable management, wildlife corridor.