Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mersin Üniversitesi öğrencilerinde sigara ve alkol kullanım yaygınlığı ve ilişkili özellikler

Amac: Universite ogrencileri arasinda sigara ve alkol kullanim sikligini ve bununla iliskili sosyodemografik degiskenleri belirlemek. Yontem: Calismaya Mersin Universitesi ogrencileri arasindan sinif mevcutlarina agirlikli tabakali rastgele ornekleme yontemi ile secilen 901 ogrenciye 45 soruluk bir anket uygulandi. Sonuclar: Orneklemin yas ortalamasi 20±7, %46.6'i kiz, %53.4'u erkekti, "Sigara iciyor musunuz? " sorusuna ogrencilerin %35'i (%13 kiz; %21 erkek) "evet" cevabi vermisti. Sigara icenler arasinda erkek/kiz orani 1.7 idi ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamliydi. Babasi alkol kullananlarda sigara icimi anlamliya yakin derecede fazlaydi. Okul basarisini ortanin alti ve oldukca kotu olarak bildirenlerde sigara kullanimi belirgin derecede fazlaydi. "Alkol kullaniyor musunuz? " sorusuna ogrencilerin %43'u evet cevabini vermisti (%15'i kiz, %28'i erkek). Alkol kullananlar arasinda erkek/kiz orani yaklasik 2 idi ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamliydi. Alkol kullanimi anne ve babasinin alkol kullandigini bildirenlerde belirgin derecede fazla bulunmustur. Annesi sigara kullananlarda alkol kullanimi belirgin derecede fazlaydi. Annenin egitim duzeyi arttikca ogrencilerde alkol kullanim sikligi artmaktaydi. Tartisma : Ogrenciler arasinda sigara ve alkol kullanim oranlarinin yuksek olmasi ve her ikisinin kullaniminin erkeklerde kizlardan belirgin derecede fazla olmasi dikkati cekici bir bulgudur. Sonuclarimiz sigara iciminin ve alkol kullaniminin Mersin Universitesi ogrencileri arasinda onemli bir sorun oldugunu gostermektedir. Ayrica, ogrencilerin sigara ve alkol kullanma davranislari ana-babalarin bu konudaki tutum ve davranislarindan onemli derecede etkilenmektedir.
Bayesian Analysis in Applications of Hierarchical Models: Issues and Methods

In applications of hierarchical models (HMs), a potential weakness of empirical Bayes estimation approaches is that they do not to take into account uncertainty in the estimation of the variance components (see, e.g., Dempster, 1987). One possible solution entails employing a fully Bayesian approach, which involves specifying a prior probability distribution for the variance components and then integrating over the variance components as well as other unknowns in the HM to obtain a marginal posterior distribution of interest (see, e.g., Draper, 1995; Rubin, 1981). Though the required integrations are often exceedingly complex, Markov-chain Monte Carlo techniques (e.g., the Gibbs sampler) provide a viable means of obtaining marginal posteriors of interest in many complex settings. In this article, we fully generalize the Gibbs sampling algorithms presented in Seltzer (1993) to a broad range of settings in which vectors of random regression parameters in the HM (e.g., school means and slopes) are assumed multivariate normally or multivariate t distributed across groups. Through analyses of the data from an innovative mathematics curriculum, we examine when and why it becomes important to employ a fully Bayesian approach and discuss the need to study the sensitivity of results to alternative prior distributional assumptions for the variance components and for the random regression parameters.
Talitha Qum! An Exploration of the Image of Jesus as Healer-Physician-Savior in the Synoptic Gospels in Relation to the Asclepius Cult

Using social memory theory, I examine three pericopes in the Synoptic Gospels—(i) the raising of Jairus’s daughter from the dead, (ii) the healing of the chronically bleeding woman, and (iii) the raising from the dead of the son of the widow of Nain—to argue that already by the late first century or early second century the earliest Christian audiences of the Gospels would have heard these stories through the lens of traditions associated with the most famous healer of the time, Asclepius—the dream-god known as the “Savior” and “Divine Physician. ” I show that the Synoptic Gospels construct the figure of Jesus as healer and divine doctor by contesting the reputation of Asclepius, establishing that Jesus was a better Divine Physician who overcame the constraints of geography, money, time, travel, and ritual that Asclepius placed on his suppliants. This interpretation, firmly situated within the context of Hellenistic Judaism and the influence of the Greco-Roman Asklepieia, resolves a number of puzzling textual elements in these pericopes.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK

Abstrak: Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi peningkatan kemampuan spasial siswa sebagai dampak penerapan pembelajaran Matematika realistik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, melibatkan seluruh siswa kelas delapan sekolah pada peringkat baik dan sedang. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri atas 152 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan spasial. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U, analisis korelasi, 1way dan 2-way ANOVA dengan menggunakan uji post hoc. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan spasial siswa yang diajar menggunakan pendekatan Matematik realistik lebih baik daripada kemampuan spasial siswa yang diajar dengan pendekatan konvensional. Ada interaksi antara pendekatan pembelajaran dan peringkat sekolah terhadap peningkatan kemampuan spasial siswa. Kata Kunci: kemampuan spasial, pembelajaran matematika, matematika realistik IMPROVEMENT OF THE STUDENTS’ SPATIAL ABILITY THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REALISTIC MATHEMATICS TEACHING Abstract: The focus of this study was to identify the improvement of students’ spatial ability as an impact of realistic mathematics education approach. This study was an experimental research, involving the eighth grade students of the good level and middle level schools. The sample of this study consisted of 152 students. The instruments used in this study were the spatial ability test. The data were analyzed by using Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, r correlative analysis, 1-way and 2-way ANOVA with the post hoc test. Based on the result of the data analysis it can be concluded that the students’ spatial ability under Realistic Mathematics Education approach was better than that of the students taught using the conventional approach. There was an interaction between the instructional approach and the school level toward the enhancement of students’ spatial ability. Keywords: spatial ability, mathematics education, realistic mathematics
Time, memory and history in the labour documentary film

ABSTRACT What is the capacity of documentary makers to address specific moments in industrial relations and map them through filmic representations? This paper discusses in depth a labour documentary from Tom Zubrycki, an Australian filmmaker nationally awarded in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the form. Friends and Enemies is unique in documenting union struggle as it deals with a defeat but a defeat that is constructed by the filmmaker as a moment when the class not only suffers but also learns as a class. The film moves from the individual worker engaged in an industrial relations struggle to the collective of workers co-operating to forge a combined strength. Zubrycki demonstrates a genuine respect for the emancipatory wishes of those he films. The film remains especially relevant with the increasing ‘anti-Union astigmatism of mainstream media’ (Coyle, R., and L. Milner. 2007. “Showing Some Fight: Kemira's Challenge to Industrial Relations.” Metro Magazine 153, 178–183.). Zubrycki fosters a capacity to bring an audience to an encounter with the working class; an encounter that has, as a class, the potential for ongoing agency, for bearing testimony to the onward march of capital in the fast-changing landscape of industrial relations. Zubrycki leaves us with the emancipatory pulse still beating.
The Internet and Social Inequalities

The companion website to The Internet and Social Inequalities offers readers a number of valuable resources designed to aid their understanding of the book and the issues it covers. The site is designed to deepen understanding of the link between the Internet and inequality by providing resources to actively and independently explore these issues. Following the layout of the book, the website summarizes the main argument of each chapter and offers further readings and links to relevant web sites. For each chapter we also offer links to the original data sources. These sources located at websites for the Internet Society, the Internet Archive and the Pew Internet & American Life project are publicly available for download. Either on their own or as part of class activities, readers can replicate or extend the analyses found in the book. This possibility makes the book a potential supplement to research methods classes; students can use this data to apply the methods they are learning to current substantive questions. Additionally the survey has a link to a web survey that replicates key questions from the Pew Internet & American Life project. As students complete the survey they are building a data set that highlights differences between a nationally representative survey and a self-selected sample of their peers. Pertinent results for each chapter are linked to that chapter�s section of the web site. University faculty who will be using the site for groups of at least 30 students may contact the authors about obtaining survey results for their own students.
The N-best algorithms: an efficient and exact procedure for finding the N most likely sentence hypotheses

A search algorithm that provides a simple, clean, and efficient interface between the speech and natural language components of a spoken language system is introduced. The N-best algorithm is a time-synchronous Viterbi-style beam search procedure that is guaranteed to find the N most likely whole sentence alternatives that are within a given beam of the most likely sentence. The computation is linear with the length of the utterance, and faster than linear in N. When used together with a first-order statistical grammar, the correct sentence is usually within the first few sentence choices. The output of the algorithm, which is an ordered set of sentence hypotheses with acoustic and language model scores can easily be processed by natural language knowledge sources without the huge expansion of the search space that would be needed to include all possible knowledge sources in a top-down search. In experiments using a first-order statistical language model, the average rank of the correct answer was 1.8 and was within the first 24 choices 99% of the time. <<ETX>>
An evaluation of electronic individual peer assessment in an introductory programming course

Peer learning is a powerful pedagogical practice delivering improved outcomes over conventional teacher-student interactions while offering marking relief to instructors. Peer review enables learning by requiring students to evaluate the work of others. PRAISE is an online peer-review system that facilitates anonymous review and delivers prompt feedback from multiple sources. This study is an evaluation of the use of PRAISE in an introductory programming course. Use of the system is examined and attitudes of novice programmers towards the use of peer review are compared to those of students from other disciplines, raising a number of interesting issues. Recommendations are made to introductory programming instructors who may be considering peer review in assignments.
The Self-Archiving Impact Advantage: Quality Advantage or Quality Bias?

In astrophysics, Kurtz found that articles that were self-archived by their authors in Arxiv were downloaded and cited twice as much as those that were not. He traced this enhanced citation impact to two factors: (1) Early Access (EA): The self-archived preprint was accessible earlier than the publisher's version (which is accessible to all research-active astrophysicists as soon as it is published, thanks to Kurtz's ADS system). (Hajjem, however, found that in other fields, which self-archive only published postprints and do have accessibility/affordability problems with the publisher's version, self-archived articles still have enhanced citation impact.) Kurtz's second factor was: (2) Quality Bias (QB), a selective tendency for higher quality articles to be preferentially self-archived by their authors, as inferred from the fact that the proportion of self-archived articles turns out to be higher among the more highly cited articles. (The very same finding is of course equally interpretable as (3) Quality Advantage (QA), a tendency for higher quality articles to benefit more than lower quality articles from being self-archived. ) In condensed-matter physics, Moed has confirmed that the impact advantage occurs early (within 1-3 years of publication). After article-age is adjusted to reflect the date of deposit rather than the date of publication, the enhanced impact of self-archived articles is again interpretable as QB, with articles by more highly cited authors (based only on their non-archived articles) tending to be self-archived more. (But since the citation counts for authors and for their articles are correlated, one would expect much the same outcome from QA too.) The only way to test QA vs. QB is to compare the impact of self-selected self-archiving with mandated self-archiving (and no self-archiving). (The outcome is likely to be that both QA and QB contribute, along with EA, to the impact advantage.)
A New Method for Tuning PID-Type Fuzzy Controllers Using Particle Swarm Optimization

The complexity of dynamic system, especially when only qualitative knowledge about the process is available, makes it generally difficult to elaborate an analytic model which is sufficiently precise enough for the control. Thus, it is interesting to use, for this kind of systems, non conventional control techniques, such as fuzzy logic, in order to achieve high performances and robustness [8, 15, 20–22, 24, 33, 34]. Fuzzy logic control approach has been widely used in many successful industrial applications which have demonstrated high robustness and effectiveness properties.
Resource Plasticity: Detailing a Common Chain of Reasoning with Damped Harmonic Motion

As part of ongoing research into cognitive processes and student thought, we have investigated the interplay between mathematics and physics resources in intermediate mechanics students. We present evidence from a reformed sophomore‐level mechanics class which contains both tutorial and lecture components. In the context of writing Newton’s Second Law for damped harmonic motion, students discuss the signs of the spring and damping forces. Using a grounded theory approach, we identify a common chain of reasoning in which a request for reasoning is followed by elaborative sense‐making and checks for consistency, finishing with an optional appeal for group consensus. Our analysis provides evidence for a description of student thinking in terms of Plasticity, an extension of Resource Theory.
Teaching with Classroom Response Systems: Creating Active Learning Environments

Preface. The Author. 1. Engaging Students with Clickers. Generating Classwide Discussions. Generating Small-Group Discussions. Creating Times for Telling. Structuring Class Time. Making Class More Fun. 2. Assessing Students with Clickers. Uncovering Student Learning. Evaluating Student Learning. 3. A Taxonomy of Clicker Questions. Content Questions. Process Questions. 4. Teaching Choices. Use of Class Time. Writing Questions. Student Response, Participation, and Grading. Classroom Choices. Small Classes. 5. Technical and Logistical Choices. Technical Challenges. Vendor Selection and Adoption. Supporting and Promoting the Use of Clickers. Low-Tech Options. High-Tech Options. 6. Why Use Clickers? Increased Student Participation. Increased Student Engagement. Frequent Feedback on Student Learning. Final Suggestions. References. Index.
Probability Concepts in Electric Power Systems

Role of probability models in power system engineering concepts and theorems of probability random variables functions of random variables stochastic processes decision analysis reliability probabilistic structural design and analysis of transmission systems preventive maintenance, inspection and replacement probabilistic load flow probabilistic short circuit analysis probabilistic power system stability Monte Carlo simulation elements of acceptance sampling.
Analysis of Symbolic Data: Exploratory Methods for Extracting Statistical Information from Complex Data

E. Diday: Symbolic Data Analysis and the SODAS Project: Purpose, History, Perspective. - H.H. Bock: The Classical Data Situation. - H.H. Bock: Symbolic Data. - H.H. Bock, E. Diday: Symbolic Objects. - V. Stephan, G. Hebrail, Y. Lechevallier: Generation of Symbolic Objects from Relational Databases. - P. Bertrand, F. Goupil: Descriptive Statistics for Symbolic Data. - M. Noirhomme-Fraiture, M. Rouard: Visualizing and Editing Symbolic Objects. - Similarity and Dissimilarity: F. Esposito, D. Malerba, V. Tamma, H.H. Bock: Classical Resemblance Measures. - H.H. Bock: Dissimilarity Measures for Probability Distributions. - F. Esposito, D. Malerba, V. Tamma: Dissimilarity Measures for Symbolic Objects. - F. Esposito, D. Malerba, F. Lisi: Matching Symbolic Objects. - Symbolic Factor Analysis: H.H. Bock: Classical Principal Component Analysis. - A. Chouakria, P. Cazes, E. Diday: Symbolic Principal Component Analysis. - N.C. Lauro, F. Palumbo, R. Verde: Factorial Discriminant Analysis on Symbolic Objects. - Discrimination: Assigning Symbolic Objects to Classes: J. Rasson, S. Lissoir: Classical Methods of Discrimination. - J. Rasson, S. Lissoir: Symbolic Kernel Discriminant Analysis. - E. Perinel, Y. Lechevalier: Symbolic Discrimination Rules. - M. Bravo Llatas, J. Garcia-Santesmases: Segmentation Trees for Stratified Data. - Clustering Methods for Symbolic Objects: M. Chavent, H.H. Bock: Clustering Problem, Clustering Methods for Classical Data. - M. Chavent: Criterion-Based Divisive Clustering for Symbolic Data. - P. Brito: Hierarchical and Pyramidal Clustering with Complete Symbolic Objects. - G. Polaillon: Pyramidal Classification for Interval Data Using Galois Lattice Reduction. - M. Gettler-Summa, C. Pardoux: Symbolic Approaches for Three-way Data. -Illustrative Benchmark Analysis: R. Bisdorff: Introduction. - R. Bisdorff: Professional Careers of Retired Working Persons. - A. Iztueta, P. Calvo: Labour Force Survey. - F. Goupil, M. Touati, E. Diday, R. Moult: Census Data from the Office for National Statistics. - A. Morineau: The SODAS Software Package.
3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice

Foreword. Preface. I. FOUNDATIONS OF 3D USER INTERFACES . 1. Introduction to 3D User Interfaces. What Are 3D User Interfaces? Why 3D User Interfaces? Terminology. Application Areas. Conclusion. 2. 3D User Interfaces: History and Roadmap. History of 3D UIs. Roadmap to 3D UIs. Scope of This Book. Conclusion. II. Hardware Technologies for 3D User Interfaces. 3. 3D User Interface Output Hardware. Introduction. Visual Displays. Auditory Displays. Haptic Displays. Design Guidelines: Choosing Output Devices for 3D User Interfaces. Conclusion. 4. 3D User Interface Input Hardware. Introduction. Desktop Input Devices. Tracking Devices. 3D Mice. Special-Purpose Input Devices. Direct Human Input. Home-Brewed Input Devices. Choosing Input Devices for 3D Interfaces. III. 3D INTERACTION TECHNIQUES. 5. Selection and Manipulation. Introduction. 3D Manipulation Tasks. Manipulation Techniques and Input Devices. Interaction Techniques for 3D Manipulation. Design Guidelines. 6. Travel. Introduction. 3D Travel Tasks. Travel Techniques. Design Guidelines. 7. Wayfinding. Introduction. Theoretical Foundations. User-Centered Wayfinding Support. Environment-Centered Wayfinding Support. Evaluating Wayfinding Aids. Design Guidelines. Conclusion. 8. System Control. Introduction. Classification. Graphical Menus. Voice Commands. Gestural Commands. Tools. Multimodal System Control Techniques. Design Guidelines. Case Study: Mixing System Control Methods. 8.10. Conclusion. 9. Symbolic Input. Introduction. Symbolic Input Tasks. Symbolic Input Techniques. Design Guidelines. Beyond Text and Number Entry. IV. DESIGNING AND DEVELOPING 3D USER INTERFACES. 10. Strategies for Designing and Developing 3D User Interfaces. Introduction. Designing for Humans. Inventing 3D User Interfaces. Design Guidelines. 11. Evaluation of 3D User Interfaces. Introduction. Background. Evaluation Metrics for 3D Interfaces. Distinctive Characteristics of 3D Interface Evaluation. Classification of 3D Evaluation Methods. Two Multimethod Approaches. Guidelines for 3D Interface Evaluation. V. THE FUTURE OF 3D USER INTERFACES. 12. Beyond Virtual: 3D User Interfaces for the Real World. Introduction. AR Interfaces as 3D Data Browsers. 3D Augmented Reality Interfaces. Augmented Surfaces and Tangible Interfaces. Tangible AR Interfaces. Agents in AR. Transitional AR-VR Interfaces. Conclusion. 13. The Future of 3D User Interfaces. Questions about 3D UI Technology. Questions about 3D Interaction Techniques. Questions about 3D UI Design and Development. Questions about 3D UI Evaluation. Million-Dollar Questions. Appendix A: Quick Reference Guide to 3D User Interface Mathematics. Scalars. Vectors. Points. Matrices. Quaternions. Bibliography. Index.
How Students Develop Online Learning Skills.

More and more, adult learners are finding the convenience and flexibility of online learning a match for their learning goals and busy lifestyles. Online degree programs, courses, and virtual universities targeting adult learners have proliferated in the past decade. Although students can easily locate an online course or degree program that’s both convenient and accessible, they may face significant challenges in developing a new set of skills for this type of instruction. Educators have speculated on the development of student skills necessary to succeed in online learning, but relatively few publications cover the topic from the perspective of successful online students. I developed the study summarized here to provide this perspective and to identify useful strategies that instructors can promote in their online courses.
Computational Electromagnetics for RF and Microwave Engineering

This hands-on introduction to computational electromagnetics (CEM) links theoretical coverage of the three key methods - the FDTD, MoM and FEM - to open source MATLAB codes (freely available online) in 1D, 2D and 3D, together with many practical hints and tips gleaned from the author's 25 years of experience in the field. Updated and extensively revised, this second edition includes a new chapter on 1D FEM analysis, and extended 3D treatments of the FDTD, MoM and FEM, with entirely new 3D MATLAB codes. Coverage of higher-order finite elements in 1D, 2D and 3D is also provided, with supporting code, in addition to a detailed 1D example of the FDTD from a FEM perspective. With running examples through the book and end-of-chapter problems to aid understanding, this is ideal for professional engineers and senior undergraduate/graduate students who need to master CEM and avoid common pitfalls in writing code and using existing software.
Implementing power diode models in SPICE and Saber

Accurate simulation of power electronic circuits involving power diodes requires mathematically-based power diode models to describe the forward recovery and reverse recovery characteristics realistically. Proper implementations of these models have important bearings on their eventual acceptance in the industry. Practical implementations of a proposed model in widely-used versions of SPICE by hard-coding and by using user-defined controlled sources are presented. The discussion also includes an implementation in Saber using the analog hardware description language MAST. <<ETX>>