Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANNOTAZIONE GRAMMATICALE E LEMMATIZZAZIONE DI CORPORA IN ITALIANO

Questo lavoro si inserisce nell’ambito del progetto CORIS per la costruzione di un corpus di riferimento per l’italiano scritto. Attualmente la realizzazione di un corpus di riferimento comporta numerosi problemi che vanno oltre la costituzione del corpus. Dimensioni che superano il centinaio di milioni di parole (o token) sono divenute ormai lo standard minimale per corpus di riferimento, e richiedono quindi opportune metodologie di supporto al lavoro del ricercatore. Effettuare ricerche in corpora di queste dimensioni pone problemi, specialmente con lingue ricche di forme flesse come l’italiano: e possibile infatti ottenere, come risultato di una ricerca, una quantita di concordanze largamente superiore a quella gestibile da un essere umano. Esistono numerose tecniche per campionare efficacemente le concordanze ottenute (estrazione casuale, estrazione di una ogni N, ecc.), ma non risolvono vari problemi di fondo che possono notevolmente complicare l’analisi dei risultati ottenuti. Supponiamo per esempio che il ricercatore voglia fare uno studio sul verbo ‘amare’; le forme flesse del verbo ‘amo’ e ‘ami’ corrispondono anche al singolare e al plurale del sostantivo ‘amo’. E evidente quindi che senza un meccanismo per la selezione, durante l’impostazione della ricerca, di opportuni criteri restrittivi, ogni calcolo di frequenza sulle concordanze ottenute viene invalidato. Ci e sembrato quindi utile introdurre nel progetto CORIS opportune metodologie che permettano di specificare parametri aggiuntivi nella ricerca dei termini, per esempio rispetto alle parti del discorso (Part-of-speech tag) o nei confronti dei lemmi che generano ogni singola parola del corpus. Inserire questo tipo di informazioni permette di effettuare ricerche molto piu mirate, per esempio rispetto alle forme flesse di un verbo, senza le interferenze generate da eventuali omografi. Sottolineiamo come meccanismi di questo tipo siano ormai richiesti dalla comunita scientifica, per corpora di queste dimensioni. E altrettanto importante sottolineare come l'aggiunta di informazioni possa, in linea di principio, corrompere le informazioni stesse contenute nel corpus. Si rende quindi necessario mantenere queste informazioni aggiuntive ben separate da
Short- and Long-Run Fiscal Elasticities: International Evidence

Using dynamic heterogeneous panel data models, this paper estimates short- and long-run fiscal elasticities with respect to various cyclical factors for more than 90 countries. We find the terms of trade are significant in explaining primary fiscal revenues. Moreover, revenue elasticities with respect to real GDP on average are larger than one in the short-run and bigger in developing countries than in advanced economies both, in the short- and long-run. The analysis highlights the importance of considering short- and long-run elasticities with respect to other effects than the output gap, particularly terms of trade, when computing structural balances.
Manager Characteristics and the Choice of Firm “Low Leverage”: Evidence from China

In this paper, we analyze the low-leverage phenomenon of firms and examine the question of why some firms have low leverage in China. We find Low-leverage firms are smaller, have higher profitability and hold more cash balances than control firms chosen by industry and size. Our evidence supports the hypothesis that these firms are operated by risk-aversion manager. Firms with older Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and higher first shareholder ownership are more likely to have low debt. Also, CEO gender is one of the determinants of low-leverage choice.
Emotions and Political Unrest

How does political unrest influence public policy? We assume that protests are an emotional reaction to unfair treatment. Individuals have a consistent view of fairness that internalizes government constraints. Individuals accept lower welfare if the government is more constrained. This resignation effect induces a benevolent government to delay unpleasant choices and accumulate public debt to mitigate social unrest. More radical and homogeneous groups are more prone to unrest and hence more influential. Even if the government is benevolent and all groups are identical in their propensity to riot, equilibrium policy can be distorted. The evidence is consistent with these implications.
Expropriation Risk by Block Holders, Institutional Quality and Expected Stock Returns

We study the asset pricing implications arising from imperfect investor protection using a new governance measure. This is defined as the product of institutional quality in a country and the proportion of free float shares, which captures the impact of controlling block holders. Using monthly returns of 4,756 blue chip firms from 50 international equity markets for 13 years, we show through tests of variants of the augmented-CAPM, that a two factor CAPM augmented with a factor mimicking portfolio based on our new investor protection metric yields the highest explanatory power, especially for markets that exhibit true variation in ownership types
Unified, Insular, Firmly Policed, or Fractured, Porous, Contested, Gifted Education?

Much like medieval, feudal nations, professional fields such as gifted education can take shape as centralized kingdoms with strong armies controlling their compliant populations and protecting closed borders, or as loose collections of conflict-prone principalities with borders open to invaders. Using an investigative framework borrowed from an interdisciplinary group of scholars in the social sciences and humanities, four scholars of gifted education analyzed four different analytic levels of our field (practice, research, theory, philosophy) to discern whether gifted education is unified, insular, and firmly policed, or fractured, conflict-ridden, and porous. Each disciplinary structure generates unique advantages, disadvantages, and implications for scholars and practitioners.
Parental Acceptance-Rejection as Predictor of Alexithymia among Students in Gilgit-Pakistan

This research was conducted to study the alexithymia in association of parental acceptance-rejection among student population in Gilgit-Pakistan. A total of 116 students (male 95 & female 21) were recruited from different educational institutes of Gilgit city. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale was administered to participants along with short forms of the Adult Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaires for mothers and for fathers. Results showed that perceived paternal and maternal acceptance were significantly correlated with the students' alexithymia. Additionally, regression analysis indicated that both perceived paternal and maternal acceptance independently predicted students' alexithymia.
The peculiarity and contingency of the introspection of belief

The Causal Model of introspection has its more than fair share of critics and indeed in recent years the model has fallen out of favor in the philosophical world. In this paper, I defend the model and argue that it is an excellent candidate, given a realist commitment about the mental, to explain our peculiar, but contingent, introspective access to beliefs. Keywords: causal model, introspection, belief, peculiarity of self-ascriptions, contingency of self-ascriptions.
Effects of a mentor-led exercise intervention on physical self-perceptions, fitness, body composition, and physical activity of overweight adolescents

Effects of a mentor-led exercise intervention on physical self-perceptions, fitness, body composition, and physical activity of overweight adolescents. By Megan Sawyer May 1, 2013 Chair: Thomas D. Raedeke, Ph.D DEPARTMENT OF KINESIOLOGY In recent decades, the prevalence of youth obesity has been on the rise (Ogden et al, 2010) highlighting the need for research evaluating interventions targeting eating behaviors and lifestyle activity. Although it is important to examine the impact of interventions on physical activity, fitness, and body composition given their relationship with physical health, it is also important to assess the impact of interventions on mental well-being. Self-perceptions, including self-esteem, are important indicators of mental well-being (Blaine et al., 2006). In fact, Biddle (2011) found poor self-perceptions to be a predominant mental health issue in overweight adolescents. Although exercise is associated with improved self-esteem, the changes in selfesteem are often not large in magnitude (Spence et al., 2005). The greatest improvements are likely to occur in those populations that would benefit the most such as overweight individuals (Lox, Ginis, & Petruzzello, 2010). In addition to exercise, mentoring programs have also had positive effects on youth self-esteem (King, 2002). Thus, exercise combined with mentoring may by an effective strategy for enhancing self-perceptions. This study evaluated the impact of a mentor-based exercise program on the self-perceptions, body composition, physical activity, and fitness level of overweight adolescents. Adolescents participated in mentor-led, weekly exercise
Personal growth initiative among Industrial Psychology students in a higher education institution in South Africa

Orientation: Personal growth initiative (PGI) is an important characteristic of workplace counsellors. Industrial and organisational (I-O) psychologists often assist employees with counselling for work-related and personal problems, and therefore PGI is an important research topic for this profession. Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the PGI of I-O psychology students in a higher education institution in South Africa, as well as to explore differences in PGI between demographic groups. Motivation: According to the scope of practice for psychologists, growth and development of employees form part of an I-O psychologist’s responsibilities. PGI is an important characteristic of I-O psychologists as it enables them to efficiently assist employees in growth and development processes. Research design, approach and method: A cross-sectional survey design was used. A purposive non-probability sample (N = 568) of I-O psychology students was taken from a higher education institution in South Africa. A biographical questionnaire and the personal growth initiative scale (PGIS) were used as measuring instruments. Main findings: The results indicated that (1) the PGIS is a valid and reliable measure of PGI, (2) PGI is prevalent amongst I-O psychology students and (3) PGI differs between certain demographic groups. Practical implications: The findings of this study will assist in the future development of a training programme for I-O psychology students to equip them with the counselling skills they need to function in a counselling role. Contribution: This study contributes to knowledge regarding the importance of PGI for I-O psychology students. The study will also assist higher education institutes to adapt their training programmes in order to prepare I-O psychology students for their role as counsellors. More knowledge will also be provided with regard to the functioning of the PGIS.
Corporate Governance and Dividend Pay-Out Policy in UK Listed SMEs: The Effects of Corporate Board Characteristics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which corporate board characteristics influence the level of dividend pay-out ratio using a sample of UK small- and medium-sized enterprises from 2010 to 2013 listed on the Alternative Investment Market. Design/methodology/approach The data are analysed by employing multivariate regression techniques, including estimating fixed effects, lagged effects and two-stage least squares regressions. Findings The results show that board size, the frequency of board meetings, board gender diversity and audit committee size have a significant relationship with the level of dividend pay-out. Audit committee size and board size have a positive association with the level of dividend pay-out, whilst the frequency of board meetings and board gender diversity have a significant negative relationship with the level of dividend pay-out. By contrast, the findings suggest that board independence and CEO role duality do not have any significant effect on the level of dividend pay-out. Originality/value This is one of the first attempts at examining the relationship between corporate governance and dividend policy in the UK’s Alternative Investment Market, with the analysis distinctively informed by agency theoretical insights drawn from the outcome and substitution hypotheses.
Simulation of primary production and export è uxes in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

A biogeochemical model, BIOMELL (BIOgeochemical Model of the Euphotic Layer of Lodyc), has been developed to simulate the temporal evolution of the main nitrogen stocks and e uxes at the DyFAMed station (Dynamique des FluxAtmospheriques en Mediterranee), located in the Northwest- ern Mediterranean Sea. This mainly oligotrophic region is characterized by a strong seasonal cycle, and a signie cant export of dissolved organic matter compared to the particulate export measured by sediment traps. Validation of the model is made using temperature, nitrate and chlorophyll proe les acquired at DyFAMed approximately every month in 1991. Extended datasets from specie c years are also used to validate seasonal variations of other variables, for which the coverage in 1991 was rather poor (new and total production, particulate export, dissolved organic matter export, bacteria, zooplankton). Sensitivity studies on selected parameters are carried out in order to give an idea of the margin of error in the model predictions. The model is then used to analyze the behavior of the biogeochemical system during various production regimes (winter, spring bloom, oligotrophy, autumn bloom). It is shown that several processes, which are often neglected in biogeochemical models, must be taken into account: phytoplankton growth limitation by deep mixing, C:Chl ratio dependence on light, nitrie cation, and semi-refractory dissolved organic matter accumulation in the surface layer.
Microwave Remote Sensing of Coastal Zone Salinity

An operational airborne salinity remote sensing system is now available for coastal and estuarine studies with an accuracy of 1 ppt at 100 m spatial resolution. The system can perform area mapping at a rate of 100 km 2 / hr from low altitude light aircraft. Called the Scanning Low-Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SLFMR), the system is designed to operate from a small single-engine aircraft. The system is composed of an 8-beam 1.4 GHz microwave radiometer, a 2-channel infrared radiometer, a Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) receiver for geolocation of the measurements and integral computer control. Working closely with personnel at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), the SLFMR was fitted to the VIMS U6-A DeHavilland Beaver aircraft. The first test flights of the SLFMR were completed in August 1993 over the Chesapeake Bay and coincided with extensive boat-based monitoring missions conducted by VIMS and Old Dominion University. Due to extensive Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) the 1993 test was not totally successful. The system was subsequently re-flown in 1994 over the Chesapeake Bay in a more friendly RFI environment. In this case, successful remote sensing measurements were made, which compared favorably with in situ data collected by VIMS. A final flight was conducted over Delaware Bay in an even more friendly RFI environment, and the data compared favorably with historical data compiled from ship surveys.
Investigating elementary school students' technology acceptance by applying digital game-based learning to environmental education

In order to improve and promote students' environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour, integrating environmental education into the primary education curriculum has become a key issue for environmental education. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate elementary school students' acceptance of technology applying digital game-based learning (DGBL) to environmental education. A total of 32 fourth graders in an elementary school participated in a seven-week DGBL teaching experiment. After the experimental teaching session, a survey concerning "perceived ease of use", "perceived usefulness", and "user intentions" was conducted. The results show that the DGBL system is suitable for both genders at all levels of experience. In addition, the 4th grade students' "perceived ease of use", "perceived usefulness", "attitudes toward use", and "intention to use" reveal a high degree of positive and significant correlations. Furthermore, a path analysis verifies that DGBL acceptance will be directly influenced by a learner's "attitude toward use" and "perceived usefulness. " Finally, when designing DGBL for 4th graders, the rich learning content and ease of use should be taken into account because they significantly contribute to a learner's intention to use the system, which may result in greater learning effectiveness.
In vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Analysis of Leaves of Ficus racemosa

Objectives: The present study assessed the phytochemical components, In vitro antioxidant ability and cytotoxicity of leaf extract of Ficus racemosa . Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis in aqueous and ethanol was carried out for the presence of phytochemical components. Of the two extracts used ethanolic extract possessed the highest phytochemical constituents compared to aqueous extract. Hence the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of F. racemosa was performed by several antioxidant assays including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay, reducing power and superoxide radical (SO) scavenging assay. Results: From the results, F. racemosa has been found to have the significant antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner and IC 50 value was 150 μg/ml for DPPH and 100 μg/ml for both NO and SO scavenging assays. Further, the cytotoxicity analysis was determined against Dalton Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell line and the IC 50 value was found to be 175 μg/ml for ethanolic leaf extract of F. racemosa . Conclusion: Hence, the current study attests that F. racemosa is enriched in phytochemicals and a fine source of natural antioxidants with anticancer agents and can be used in pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of diseases induced by oxidative stress.
Electromagnetic fields and autoimmune diseases

Introduction: experimental studies demonstrated that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) modify ion calcium fluxes in the membranes of blood mononuclear cells and induce changes in metabolism and surface marker expression. There is also evidence of autoimmune diseases in subjects with genetic predisposition, following exposure to physical, chemical or biological noxious agents or perception of stressful situations. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on onset and progression of autoimmune diseases. Materials and Methods: all papers published in scientific journal from 1979 to 2013 were examined for inclusion in the systematic review. The research was conducted using the following key-words: electromagnetic fields, immune response, autoimmunity, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 37 studies were included in this article. Results: there is clear evidence that exposure to EMFs produced by radiotelevision broadcasting stations, radars, or electricity induces changes (within the physiological range) in number and percentage of circulating immune cells as well as in the immune response. Experimental studies on rats demonstrated that exposure to electricity induces metabolic effects similar to those of stress. Women resident near high power lines showed reduced melatonin production as in workers performing stressful night shifts. Employees with prolonged conversation time on mobile phone showed lower levels of serum TSH (index of increased thyroid metabolism) as in situations of stress. Discussion: it is demonstrated that there is absorption of energy in organisms exposed to EMFs; the effects of the EMFs (more elevated on the immune and nervous systems) are similar to those induced by stress stimulations. We suggest that the adaptation of tissues to the EMFs, in genetically predisposed subjects, may stimulate the onset and progression of autoimmune diseases.
New combinations in Lactifluus, 1 : L. subgenera Edules, Lactariopsis, and Russulopsis

In this first of a series of three papers, new combinations in the genus Lactifluus are proposed. This paper treats the subgenera Edules, Lactariopsis, and Russulopsis (all proposed here as new combinations in Lactifluus). In Lactifluus subg. Edules, eight combinations at species level are proposed. In Lactifluus subg. Lactariopsis, the following three new combinations are proposed at sectional level: Lactifluus sect. Lactariopsis with seven newly combined species, L. sect. Chamaeleontini with eight newly combined species, and L. sect. Albati with four newly combined species plus two species previously combined in Lactifluus. Finally, in L. subg. Russulopsis, eight new combinations at species level are proposed.
Immobilization in Nanomatrices of Humicola Lutea Mycelium for Alpha-Galactosidase Biosynthesis in Laboratory Air-Lift Bioreactor

ABSTRACT The sol-gel synthesis of both hybrid nanomatrices containing tetraethylortosilicate (TEOS) as an inorganic precursor and lactic acid, or sepharose as an organic component was made. Crystal as well as surface morphology of the hybrids were investigated using different methods: X-ray diffraction, infrared spectra, BET-analysis and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The obtained nanomatrices were applicated for immobilization of the α-galactosidase producing fungal strain Humicola lutea 120–5. The semicontinuous cultivation was carried out in laboratory air-lift bioreactor. Maximal level of enzyme activity (1050–1130 U/l) that was reached in the third to fourth fermentation cycle using TEOS+40% lactic acid was higher than that obtained in the samples with TEOS+20% sepharose (660–770 U/l). The correlation between enzyme productivity and fungal development in the pore structure of the carriers was examined using scanning electron microscopy observation.
The Effect of Electronic Health Records Adoption on Patient-specific Health Education Prescription, Time Utilization, and Returned Appointments: A Propensity Score Weighted Analysis

In this analysis, we use National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data to investigate whether the adoption of the ambulatory electronic health records (EHR) system is associated with changes in patient-specific health education prescription rates, patient-physician interaction time, and returned appointment rates. We estimate the treatment effect of EHR adoption with multinomial propensity score weighting adjusted regressions. We find evidence to suggest that full EHR adoption positively affects patient-specific health education prescription rates. We find no robust evidence to show a significant effect of the EHR system on time utilization or returned appointment rates. We discuss possible reasons for our findings. We recommend linking patient education with quality improvement efforts and improving the usability of EHR systems. Index words: Electronic Health Records, Patient-specific Health Education, Time Utilization, Returned Appointments, Propensity Score Weighting, Theses (academic)