Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A driver specific maneuver prediction model based on fuzzy logic

This thesis describes a method for the driver-adaptive prediction of driving maneuvers. This method builds a model of the driving behavior from data based on the observation of sample driving maneuvers. The method is grounded on the theory of fuzzy logic, which provides a framework for reasoning about a domain that approximates human reasoning. After a learning period, the driver model is capable of predicting subsequent driving maneuvers. That information can be used to adapt advanced driver assistance systems, as exemplified by an autonomous braking system, to the driver’s individual behavior. This thesis contains three major contributions. The first is the driver-adaptive construction of fuzzy variables. A method was developed that converts histograms into fuzzy variables by approximating them through Gaussian Mixture Models and converting the resulting Gaussian distributions into trapezoidal fuzzy sets. These fuzzy variables partition quantities of interest, such as vehicle velocity, into fuzzy sets that have well defined and driver-specific semantic meanings. The second contribution is the generation of a driver-adaptive fuzzy state machine modeling the sequential pattern of driving maneuvers based on sample data. A quality measure assessing the performance of states and state sequences was developed that optimizes the state machine, resulting in an accurate and analyzable representation of individual driving behavior. The third contribution is the development of a driver-adaptive and situation-specific autonomous braking algorithm. The algorithm triggers an autonomous brake in a specific relevant critical situation, taking into account the prediction of individual driving behavior in the decision process. It could be shown through a simulator study that the algorithm is capable of significantly reducing the severity of, or even avoiding, the collisions that were encountered in that study, without also causing any undesired activation of the autonomous brake, thus providing significant assistance to the driver.
Detection of Borna Virus Disease by real-time RT-PCR in Costa Rican equines and humans

Background: BDV causes immunopathology of the central nervous system in many animal species. Detection is based on serology and PCR. Due to low viremia, it is hard to detect and antibodies are found only in 0.5% of the human population. Â Evidence suggests an association of viral infection with disorders like bipolar disease and schizophrenia. Methods and Findings: We developed a Real Time RT-PCR for BDV p40 and p24. Â A total of 212 horses were tested, 18 resulted positive for BDV RNA. Â A group of 76 human samples were also tested: 51 bipolar patients and 25 healthy volunteers. Five bipolar patients were positive for p24, three were positive for p40 and one was positive for p40 strain No98. All healthy donors were negative. Conclusions: BDV detection is reported for the first time in Costa Rica. Â Although the number of samples tested was low, a high incidence was observed in horses and a strong association in humans with bipolar disease is suggested.
Usefulness of presepsin (Soluble CD14 subtype) as a diagnostic marker of sepsis

The treatment of sepsis continues to be a major problem in emergency and intensive care, and that is another reason why there has been a desire for the development of a simple diagnostic method that would yield results in the early stage. CD14 is present intracellularly and in the cell membrane of macrophages, monocytes, and granulocytes, and is recognized to be responsible for endotoxin-induced intracellular signaling. CD14 is also known to be present in the blood in the form of a soluble protein. We discovered a soluble CD14 molecule that differs from conventional CD14, i.e., a soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14ST, 13 kD), and named it “Presepsin”. We also developed a quantitative method of determining Presepsin by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and we concluded that measuring Presepsin values of sepsis patients by this method is currently the best way to diagnose sepsis from the standpoint of diagnostic power. We have also developed a rapid semiquantitative method of measurement by a simple point of care test. In addition, at present, results can be obtained in approximately 15 min by performing a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay on whole blood. In the future it is expected to be widely used as a rapid diagnostic method for sepsis in clinical settings. (JJAAM. 2012; 23: 27-38)
Aspects fractals des structures urbaines

Stadtstrukturen in fraktaler Sicht. — Seit B. Mandelbrot die Fraktale in die wissenschaftliche Diskussion einfiihrte, haben sie in vielen Anwendungsgebieten Verwendung gefunden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird deren Anwendung auf Stadtstrukturen diskutiert. Die Untersuchung verschiedener Eigenschaften urbaner Strukturen, wie die raumliche Verteilung der Bebauung oder unterschiedlicher Nutzungen (Gewerbeflachen, offentliche Gebaude usw.) oder auch die Verzweigungen von Transportsystemen fuhren zum allgemeineren Ergebnis, das fraktale Dimensionen ein nutzliches quantitatives Mas fur aile hierarchisch aufgebauten Subsysteme darstellen. Dies kann zum Vergleich dieser Subsysteme zwischen verschiedenen Stâdten verwendet werden. SchlieBlich werden fraktale Wachtstumsprozesse sowie deren Simulation und Wachtstumsdimensionen im Hinblick auf das stadtische Wachstum eingefiihrt.
An agricultural atlas of Scotland

AbstractAn account is given of the theoretical and practical problems of producing a series of maps from available statistical data. The source material and in particular the disparities in area of the statistical units are treated in detail. A simple program was developed for use with the KDF9 computer with line printer output, and eventually this was used to provide a compilation for drawing rather than a finished product.
A survey of stress in psychiatrists working in the Wessex Region

AIMS AND METHOD The study explored job-stress experienced by psychiatrists, its effect on their lives and the coping mechanisms used. RESULTS The response rate was 62%. The younger group reported higher stress levels and used more positive coping strategies than the older groups. Female doctors were more likely to report being stressed. Aspects of the job experienced as most stressful include on-call duties and dealing with difficult and hostile relatives. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Anxiety and depressive symptoms are reported frequently in psychiatrists. Strategies to deal with the identified causes need to be put in place.
Examining the breadth and burden of chronic kidney disease in community-dwelling older adults

s 1. Kidney function is not associated with an accelerated decline in objective tests of physical performance in older adults Mark Canney, Daniel Carey, Rose Anne Kenny, Mark A. Little, Conall M. O’Seaghdha Poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology annual scientific meeting (ASN Kidney Week), New Orleans, November 2017 2. Kidney function is not an independent predictor of falls among community-dwelling older adults Mark Canney, Daniel Carey, Rose Anne Kenny, Mark A. Little, Conall M. O’Seaghdha Poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology annual scientific meeting (ASN Kidney Week), New Orleans, November 2017 3. Graded association between kidney function and postural blood pressure instability Mark Canney, Matthew D.L. O’Connell, Donal J. Sexton, Neil O’Leary, Rose Anne Kenny, Mark A. Little, Conall M. O’Seaghdha Oral presentation at the American Society of Nephrology annual scientific meeting (ASN Kidney Week), Chicago, November 2016 4. Kidney function and objective markers of frailty in community-dwelling older adults Mark Canney, Donal J. Sexton, Matthew D.L. O’Connell, Neil O’Leary, Rose Anne Kenny, Mark A. Little, Conall M. O’Seaghdha Poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology annual scientific meeting (ASN Kidney Week), Chicago, November 2016 5. Distribution of cystatin C and creatinine with advancing age Mark Canney, Donal J. Sexton, Neil O’Leary, Rose Anne Kenny, Mark A. Little, Conall M. O’Seaghdha Poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology annual scientific meeting (ASN Kidney Week), Chicago, November 2016
Application of factoring and time-space simulation methods for assessment of the reliability of water-pipe networks

This article presents a method for determining the reliability of water-pipe networks through the application of factoring algorithms. This is a method based on graph theory and graph reduction, making it possible to calculate the reliability of a system with a specific structure of connections between its elements without determining its reliability structure. The impact of damage to individual pipeline segments on a network’s overall reliability was also determined. In water-pipe networks, it is also particularly important to ensure that the appropriate parameters of water are maintained. Values of the water supply conditions index (WSCI) in the entire analysed network and changes resulting from damage to selected pipeline segments were determined by means of time-space simulation. The presented factoring and time-space simulation methods for determining WSCI index values are mutually complementary in the assessment of reliability. They make it possible to improve the credibility of reliability assessment and may be used to conduct rational usage of water-pipe networks.
Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition: Implications for the organization of the multilingual mental lexicon : Brain and language: Psycholinguistic and neurobiological issues

This paper aims examines the influence of two previously known languages on third language oral production. Specifically, it focuses on cross-linguistic influence by comparing the same group of learners at two different times in their acquisition process, in their fourth and sixth year of primary school. Subjects were 20 learners of English as a third language who had received instruction in English from the age of four and were bilingual in Basque and Spanish. All the subjects were asked to tell the frog story in English and all cases of interactional strategies, code-switching and transfer were analysed so as to examine the development of cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition. This influence is discussed as related to the organization of the multilingual mental lexicon.
Cognitive and Representational Cues for Assigning Weight to Numerical Information in Decision-Making

Incorporating relevant numerical information into decision-making is a fundamental and important aspect of numeracy. However, the process through which weight is assigned to particular numerical values is not well understood. The central theory proposed in this dissertation is that the weight assigned to numerical information may be conceptualized as a function of a set of discrete and largely independent cognitive and representational cues, each of which makes a relatively unique contribution to the information weighting process. This study focuses on five cues that may frequently be important for assigning weight to numerical information (though this list is not meant to be exhaustive): a) the ease with which information can be processed, b) the extent to which information deviates from expectations, c) the manner in which information is acquired, d) the precision of numerical representations, and e) the perceived uncertainty associated with a piece of information. For ease of processing, existing research was reviewed and implications for the practice of presenting numbers were considered. Experiments were conducted to investigate the roles of the remaining cues in the information weighting process.The first experiment's results indicated that when confidence in expectations was high, information received more weight when expectations were incorrect. However, contrary to predictions, information received more weight to the extent that it conformed to expectations when confidence was low. The second experiment's results showed that the weight assigned to numerical information was greater when it had been actively searched for before its value was learned (as opposed to being passively received). In the third experiment, the precision of numerical representations (as measured by the number of significant figures) was observed to be proportional to the weight assigned to information, while differences in precision across two numbers in a comparison made that comparison less influential. Finally, in the fourth experiment, the weight assigned to the probability level (as opposed to the interval width) was greater for confidence intervals with lower probabilities and narrower ranges, and also for intervals based on subjective judgments rather than empirical data. Implications were discussed for fields including education, journalism, and risk communication, among others.
Kualitas Madu yang Beredar Di Kota Bengkulu Berdasarkan Penilaian Konsumen dan Uji Secara Empirik

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas madu yang banyak beredar di kota Bengkulu dilihat dari pH, kadar air, warna, rasa, bau, tingkat kesukaaan konsumen, kebersihan dan dengan melakukan uji semut.Penelitian ini menggunakan 6 merek madu yang sudah dikenal di Bengkulu, yaitu Merek Madu Putih Flora, Madu Sumbawa, Madu Multisari, Madu Super, Madu Murni, dan Madu dari peternakan lebah dikepahiang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semua merek madu yang diuji memiliki pH yang bagus yakni berkisar 3,4 sampai 3,8. Tetapi memiliki kadar air yang tidak bagus yaitu yang tertinggi 25% dan terendah 23%. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik, dan kebersihansemua merek madu yang diuji memiliki pengaruh berbeda nyata (P 0,01). Kata Kunci : Madu, kualitas madu, organoleptik, konsumen
Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Subsequent Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome in the ELIXA: The Importance of Disease Duration

Introduction We investigated the association of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy with increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events in 6068 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) enrolled in the Evaluation of Lixisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ELIXA). Methods History of retinopathy and neuropathy as well as duration of T2DM were self-reported at screening. Proportional hazards regression models were used to assess relationships between retinopathy, neuropathy, and recurrent CV events. Results At screening, retinopathy and neuropathy were reported in 10.7% and 17.5% of patients, respectively, while 5.7% reported both. When adjusted for randomized treatment only, both retinopathy and neuropathy were associated with a primary composite outcome (CV death, nonfatal MI, stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina) (retinopathy: HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19–1.75; neuropathy: HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.12–1.57), CV composite (CV death, nonfatal MI, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure (HF)) (retinopathy: HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.31–1.88; neuropathy: HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.19–1.62), myocardial infarction (retinopathy: HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.08–1.76; neuropathy: HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02–1.54), HF hospitalization (retinopathy: HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.48–2.78; neuropathy: HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.30–2.27), and all-cause mortality (retinopathy: HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.28–2.12; neuropathy: HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.14–1.78). When included in the same model, and adjusted for T2DM duration, there were no independent associations of either with CV outcomes, while T2DM duration remained strongly associated with all outcomes. Addition of demographic characteristics and CV risk factors did not further alter these relationships. Conclusions In patients with T2DM and recent ACS, a history of retinopathy and/or neuropathy and longer T2DM duration could be considered clinical markers for high risk of recurrent CV events. This trial is registered with the ELIXA (Evaluation of Lixisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome), ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT01147250.
Role of Regulatory T cells in Atorvastatin Induced Absorption of Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Rats

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a neurological disorder with a substantial recurrence rate. Atorvastatin is an effective drug for treating hyperlipidemia and known to improve neurological outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Previous studies have reported that atorvastatin treatment promotes hematoma absorption in CSDH, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of atorvastatin mediate absorption of CSDH. 144 male, Wistar rats (6 months old) were randomly divided into the following groups: 1) sham surgery control, 2) treatment: CSDH + atorvastatin, and 3) vehicle control: CSDH + saline. Atorvastatin or saline was orally administered daily for 19 days after CSDH procedure. A T2WI MRI was used to evaluate CSDH volume changes during the time course of the study. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining were used to measure the number of regulatory T cells (Treg). ELISA was used to measure cytokine level in the hematoma border. Neurological function and cognitive outcome were evaluated using Foot-Fault test and Morris Water Maze test, respectively. When compared to saline treatment, atorvastatin treatment accelerated the absorption of CSDH as indicated by decreased hematoma volume in T2WI MRI data on 14th and 21st day after CSDH (P<0.05). Atorvastatin treatment significantly increased the number of Treg in circulation and hematoma border from 3rd to 21st day after CSDH. Atorvastatin treatment significantly decreased the levels of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but increased IL-10 level in the hematoma border. Atorvastatin treatment also improved neurological function and cognitive outcome compared to vehicle treated group. Atorvastatin induced anti-inflammatory responses and increased Treg in circulation and brain which may contribute to the accelerated CSDH absorption in rats.
Motivasyon ve Öz-yeterliğin Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgilerine (TPAB) Katkısı

Oz: Teknolojinin hizla yayginlasmasi her alanda oldugu gibi egitim alaninda da teknolojinin kullanilmasini zorunlu kilmistir. Teknolojinin egitim alaninda kullanilmasi ile birlikte Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi (TPAB) kavrami ortaya cikmis ve bu kavram bircok egitimcinin arastirmalarina konu olmustur. Bu calismada sinif ogretmeni adaylarinin TPAB’larina motivasyon ve oz-yeterlik degiskenlerinin katkisini incelemek amaclanmistir. Veriler sinif ogretmenligi anabilim dalinda son sinif okuyan 331 ogretmen adayina TPAB, motivasyon ve oz-yeterlik anketleri uygulanarak toplanmis, veriler pearson korelasyon analizi ve regresyon yoluyla analiz edilmistir. Arastirma tarama modelinde bir calismadir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore motivasyonun sinif ogretmenligi adaylarinin TPAB’ni tahmin etmede istatiksel olarak anlamli bir katkisi varken oz-yeterligin istatiksel olarak anlamli bir katkisi yoktur. Motivasyon degiskeni icin ayarlanmis R 2 degerinin 0,014 olmasi sinif ogretmeni adaylarinin TPAB’ de ki degisimin %1,4’u nun motivasyon degiskenince aciklandigini gostermektedir.
Preventing Satisficing in Online Surveys: A "Kapcha" to Ensure Higher Quality Data

Researchers are increasingly using online labor markets such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) as a source of inexpensive data. One of the most popular tasks is answering surveys. However, without adequate controls, researchers should be concerned that respondents may fill out surveys haphazardly in the unsupervised environment of the Internet. Social scientists refer to mental shortcuts that people take as “satisficing” and this concept has been applied to how respondents take surveys. We examine the prevalence of survey satisficing on MTurk. We present a questionpresentation method, called Kapcha, which we believe reduces satisficing, thereby improving the quality of survey results. We also present an open-source platform for further survey experimentation on MTurk.
Transport Equation And Tomography

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12-month prevalence of osteoarthritis in Germany

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease worldwide. In the advanced stage the disease is characterised by joint pain and loss of joint functionality. In the Robert Koch Institute’s GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS health interview survey, 17.9% of adults over 18 reported having suffered from osteoarthritis during the past twelve months, whereby prevalence for women (21.8%) was higher than for men (13.9%). Osteoarthritis becomes more common with age. Among those aged 65 and over, around half of all women (48.1%) and nearly one third of men (31.2%) are affected. Due to population ageing, the prevalence of osteoarthritis in Germany can be expected to increase further in the future.
Secular trends in height, weight and obesity among Korean children and adolescents in 2006-2015

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate secular trends in height, weight, obesity among Korean children and adolescents in 2006-2015. Methods: The study participants were 1,249,698 children and adolescents 6-17 years in age who participated in health examinations for school students supervised by Korean Ministry of Education and conducted by the Korea Association of Health Promotion in 2006-2015. Height and weight were measured unified procedures at each period. Obesity was defined as being 95th percentile of sex-specific body mass index(BMI) for age in the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts or BMI (cid:2) 25. Results: Between 2006 and 2015, the median of height and weight, BMI of Korean children and adolescents has increased significantly. The overall prevalence of obesity was 10.7%(boys 12.6%, girls 8.7%). In 2012-2015, the prevalence of obesity 12.2%(boys 14.1%, girls 10.2%), compared to 9.1%(boys 10.9%, 7.2%) in 2006-2008. The increase in obesity prevalence was statistically significant(p<0.05). The prevalence was highest in Gyeonggi area, lowest in Chungcheong area when compared to other regions(p<0.001). Conclusions: During the period 2006-2015, growth trends, prevalence of obesity among Korean children and adolescents increased significantly. Health promotion and intervention programs promoting healthy growth and development of Korean children and adolescents were need consider the demographic and regional characteristics.