Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determining the Metabolic Rate of the Thai Elderly

The elderly have a slower metabolism than the young, which affects their thermal perceptions and comfort, particularly in hot-humid climates. Understanding these differences is important to identify the thermal comfort levels of the elderly. The available data from Thailand is insufficient, so we analyzed the literature for a proxy to estimate the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) rate for Thai elderly (60 years old and over). A Vietnamese database was the most reasonable proxy, since the body size of Thai and Vietnamese are similar, with considerable similarity in culture, food, and climate. This study applied 18 human metabolism equations derived from the literature to the Vietnamese data. Following statistical analysis of the measured MET rate of the Vietnamese elderly, seven studies were found to be accurate to within a ±10% margin of error: Schofield (1985), WHO (1985), Owen et al. (1986), EU (1993), Muller et al. (2004), Henry (2005), and Wells et al. (2009). Of these, the aggregate equation (Wells et al., 2009) was the most convincing method for estimating the MET rate of the Thai elderly, since it incorporates the Southeast Asian context and limits bias. In conclusion, using the most accurate equation, the MET rate of the average Thai elderly is calculated as 1,560 kcal/day for males and 1,230 kcal/day for females, equivalent to 43.10 W/m2 (0.966 kcal/kg/h) and 38.57 W/m2 (0.884 kcal/kg/h), respectively.
Content dependence of the neural correlates of recollection: ERP old/new effects for faces, objects and words

As previous research on content-specificity of the neural correlates of recollection is inconclusive, event-related potentials were used to assess old/new effects for faces, objects and words. The data demonstrate temporal differences in ERP old/new effects as a function of item type, supporting the notion that material-dependent processes underlie recollection-related neural activity. The results are discussed in terms of how nameable and non-nameable material elicit different neural representations of mnemonic information, as a consequence of how different item types are encoded and retrieved according to perceptual and contextual content.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VIRIAL BLACK HOLE MASS ESTIMATES OF MODERATE-LUMINOSITY ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI USING SUBARU/FMOS

We present an analysis of broad emission lines observed in moderate-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs), typical of those found in X-ray surveys of deep fields, with the goal of testing the validity of single-epoch virial black hole mass estimates. We have acquired near-infrared spectra of AGNs up to z ∼ 1.8 in the COSMOS and Extended Chandra Deep Field-South Survey, with the Fiber Multi-Object Spectrograph mounted on the Subaru telescope. These near-infrared spectra provide a significant detection of the broad Hα line, shown to be a reliable probe of black hole mass at low redshift. Our sample has existing optical spectroscopy that provides a detection of Mg ii, typically used for black hole mass estimation at z ≳ 1. We carry out a spectral-line fitting procedure using both Hα and Mg ii to determine the virial velocity of gas in the broad-line region, the continuum luminosity at 3000 Å, and the total Hα line luminosity. With a sample of 43 AGNs spanning a range of two decades in luminosity, we find a tight correlation between the ultraviolet and emission-line luminosity. There is also a close one-to-one relationship between the full width at half-maximum of Hα and Mg ii. Both of these then lead to there being very good agreement between Hα- and Mg ii-based masses over a wide range in black hole mass, i.e., MBH ∼ 107–9 M☉. In general, these results demonstrate that local scaling relations, using Mg ii or Hα, are applicable for AGNs at moderate luminosities and up to z ∼ 2.
Knowledge on the Malaysian Food Heritage

Traditional food was closely associate with food heritage has become a significant role in the life of society. A study examines how far Malaysian knows about their food heritage identity. A total of 500 respondents located in Klang Valley participate in this study. Findings showed that food heritage been defined as traditional food. There is a significant relationship between genders with the definition of food heritage; the association of food heritage questions. The overall finding revealed that respondent understand the definition, the criteria’s and type of traditional food associated with food heritage.
Comparing self-perception of attractiveness and overall life satisfaction : the differences between men and women

This study examined differences in self-perceived attractiveness and life satisfaction. The participants included 190 college students (108 females and 62 males). It was hypothesized that a positive correlation between perceived attractiveness and life satisfaction would exist; sex differences on attractiveness would exist with men rating themselves as more attractive than women rating themselves; attractiveness is a better predictor of life satisfaction for females than for males; and sex differences on partners’ level of attractiveness will exist, with men rating their partners as more attractive than women rating their partners. Participants completed the Estimating Physical Attractiveness Scale, the Satisfaction With Scale, and a demographics form. A positive correlation between self-perceived attractiveness and life satisfaction was found for both males and females. However, this correlation was weak. In addition, self-perceived attractiveness was not found to be a better predictor of life satisfaction for women than for men. Men and women’s ratings of self-perception of attractiveness did not significantly differ. In addition, both men and women rated their partner as more attractive then themselves, but men rated their partners as more physically attractive than women rated their partners. Exploratory analyses revealed that high levels of partner perceived attractiveness were found to be related to high levels of self-perceived attractiveness and low levels of partner perceived attractiveness were related to low levels of self-perceived attractiveness. These analyses also revealed that males and females did not significantly differ in their self-perception of attractiveness on the following domains: overall physical attractiveness, overall facial attractiveness, overall body weight or size, overall body shape or figure, and overall height. Males and females did not significantly differ in their perception of their partner’s attractiveness on the following domains: overall physical attractiveness, overall facial attractiveness, overall body weight or size, overall body shape or figure, and overall height.
Sırça Köşkünde Mi, Laboratuvarında Mı, Aramızda Mı? Nerede Bu Bilim İnsanları? Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Bilim Ve Bilim İnsanı Algıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Insanoglunun evreni ve icerisinde var olan olgulari, olaylari, durumlari merakindan gudulenen bilim; bireyin elestirel bakis acisi, sorgulama yetenegi ve dogru cevaplar uretme becerisi kazanmasini amaclamaktadir. Metafizik ve mitolojinin otesinde bilim ispatlanabilir, tekrarlanabilir ve nesnel bilginin arayisindadir. Amac uretilen nesnel ve dogru bilginin, insanligin yararina kullaniminin onunu acmaktir. Ancak evreni cozumleyerek insanin hayatini kolaylastiran bilim ve bu cabadaki bilim insani yine insanlik tarafindan “sirca kosklerde oturma”, kendini toplumdan soyutlama, kendi dunyasinda yasama ve kendisi icin uretme suclamalarina maruz kalmaktadir. Bu durum bilim ve bilim insani ile toplumun bir araya gelmesinin ve toplumu olusturan bireylerde soz konusu kavramlara iliskin farkindalik olusturulmasinin onemini ortaya koymaktadir. Dogasi geregi degismez, yanlislanamaz gercekleri degil, degisken insan davranisini konu edinen sosyal bilimler kesinlik, nesnellik ve sinanabilirlik yoksunlugu noktasinda elestirilmektedir. Oysa evrende var olan ve doga bilimlerinin inceleme konusu olan olgulari cozumlemek, evrenin konugu insanin davranisini ve dogasini anlamadan eksik kalacaktir. Bu sebeple doga bilimleri ve sosyal bilimlerin ozlenen kucaklasmasi da vakit gecirmeden gerceklesmelidir. Genel olarak bilime, bilim insanina ve ozelde sosyal bilimlere ve sosyal bilimciye yonelik tutumlarin degistirilmesi etkin bir pazarlama programini gerektirmektedir. Bilim ve bilim insanina yonelik algilari konu edinen arastirmalar toplumun bilimin konusunun ne oldugu noktasinda kararsiz oldugunu ve bilim insani dendiginde zihinlerde erkek, kendini laboratuvarina kapatmis, elinde deney tupleri ile karisimlar elde etmeye calisan, gozluklu, onluklu kisilerin canlandigini ortaya koymaktadirlar. Bu algilar toplumun genelinde gozlenmektedir. Bu baglamda bu arastirmanin konusu bilim yuvasi olarak tanimlanabilecek universitede bilim tahsil etmeye cabalayan ogrencilerin bilime ve bilim insanina iliskin algilaridir. Nitel bir calisma sonrasi elde edilen veriler ve literatur taramasi neticesinde olusturulan olcek Gaziosmanpasa Universitesi IIBF ogrencilerinden kota orneklemesine gore belirlenen ornekleme uygulanacak ve elde edilen veriler analiz edilecektir. Arastirma bulgulari isiginda bilim ve bilim insani kavramlarinin pazarlanmasi ve gerekiyorsa yeniden konumlandirilmasina yonelik stratejiler onerilecektir.
ENGLISH WRITING PERFORMANCE USING BLENDED LEARNING IN TVET EDUCATION

This study focuses on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) includes formal, non-formal and informal learning that prepare young people with the knowledge and skills required in the world of work. English has become an important language in Malaysian higher learning institutions that is used as a medium of interaction and for other educational purposes. For this study, the researcher would like to highlight the impacts of blended learning on students’ writing performance. This is due to the concerns regarding students’ difficulty in English writing. The study used experimental research design to conduct the study that involved 60 students from semester 1 who took Communicative English 1. The study has been conducted on two groups, which were experimental and control group. The students had to answer the questionnaire regarding teacher centred approach (control group) and blended learning approach (experimental group). Also, students do writing test to be correlated with the result from questionnaire. SPSS version 23 that used Kendall’s correlation has become the the tool to analyse the result. The result shows that blended learning has a positive effect to the most students in experimental group.
An Iterated Four-Player Prisoner's Dilemma Game with an External Selecting Agent: A Metacontingency Experiment El juego del "Dilema del Prisionero" con cuatro participantes y un agente selector externo: un experimento metacontingencial

In these series of experiments we used an iterated prisoners’ dilemma game (IPDG) to examine the effect of metacontingencies on aggregate products of the interrelated behavior of four players. Results of the first experiment showed that cultural level consequences (“market feedback” in the form of points delivered to all players) contingent on aggregate products XXXX or YYYY increased the frequency of those productions. In subsequent experiments we added a baseline condition where the players experienced only the individual behavioral contingencies embedded in the game. Then we imposed the metacontingency on the XXXX aggregate product or, alternatively, on YYYY. After Resumen
VAN A GELEN İRANLI TURİSTLERİN PROFİLLERİ ÜZERİNE SOSYOLOJİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

The definition of “Society in motion” is one of the ironic concepts and it describes the recent societies. In recent century, we see/witness with relocation among people, object, and values while historical and cultural characteristic has no meaning, therefore, stability forsakes its place to change not only losing its meaning. Living in this century means to obey an endless mobilization. Because, as members of mass society, we are continually in a motion. We are like followers who like to see different places, promenade, and have fun; therefore, consume is becoming our unique intention. For that reason, tourism has becoming a sector, which spreads quickly worldwide, and find habitat by this spreading. This sector has an important influence on countries’ economic, sociologic, and ecologic structures. Based on this background, the main purpose of this study is to examine the tourism potential of City of Van where has an important place in the opportunities of tourism and the expectation, profiles, and demands of Iranian tourists from tourism of this city. The study generally focuses on understanding of tourism of Turkey and specifically is interested in City of Van where has a border with Iran and attracts attention from tourists from abroad countries.
Comparing Effects of Comedic and Authoritative Video Presentations on Student Knowledge and Attitudes about Climate Change.

Given the diverse array of media sources available to students today, it stands to reason that some media outlets would be of greater quality than others when communicating particular subjects to students. But what constitutes effectiveness among the many choices in information sourcing might not be easily intuited. For example, previous findings have shown viewers of comedy “news” shows (the type of news show most frequently watched by younger viewers) to be better informed on some issues than viewers of other “news” outlets such as Fox News, CNN, or MSNBC. As students encounter them on their own, and as instructors often introduce topics using clips from current popular programs, we sought to compare the effects of two different sets of videos, one comedic and one authoritative scientific, on students' knowledge of and attitudes towards climate change as well as how the two sets of videos were received by students. Surprisingly, we found no difference in effects on students' knowledge of or attitudes towards climate change. We did find however, that students generally felt that the authoritative videos were more likely to influence the way someone might vote, and that liberal students felt both videos were slightly more likely to influence voting than conservative students. We also note a disjunction between self-reported understanding of climate science and actual knowledge thereof, and we make suggestions for future studies on media related to climate change and for climate change educators.
Dune Retreat and Shoreline Change on the Outer Banks of North Carolina

Abstract Barrier islands are popular recreational areas of economic importance and are constantly undergoing change. Costly efforts are made to maintain beaches and stabilize dunes within this dynamic environment. Light detection and ranging data collected in September 1997 and 1998 along a 175-km stretch of the Atlantic coast of the Outer Banks, North Carolina, provide the basis for quantitative determination of the changes in beach morphology. The 1998 survey was conducted just after the passage of Hurricane Bonnie. During the 1-year study interval, beach widths throughout the study region tended to decrease. Maximum dune retreat was determined for each 1-m bin of 1997 beach width. For comparable beach widths, maximum dune retreat increased from south to north. The maximum dune retreat was greatest for supratidal beaches with widths of ∼20 m. For wider supratidal beaches, from 20 to 60 m, the associated maximum dune retreat gradually decreased. There was no further decrease in maximum dune retreat for beaches wider than ∼60 m. Relatively little change in beach width, dune height, and dune base position occurred along the less developed beaches of the Core Banks. The greatest morphological changes occurred on Ocracoke Island and Hatteras Island. Of the geomorphic parameters examined, preexisting beach width and the dune base elevation were the best indicators of vulnerability to dune retreat.
Counting and Other Forms of Measurement

This thesis is about number expressions, their meanings, and certain puzzles within the philosophy of mathematics arising in their connection. I develop novel solutions to those puzzles based on recent work within linguistic semantics concerned with the meanings of various measurement-related constructions. Along the way, I further develop those analyses in important ways. Some of the more philosophically significant theses I defend are the following: though number expressions take on a greater variety of interrelated meanings than philosophers have traditionally recognized, all of these can be derived assuming that e.g. ‘four’ is basically a numeral, thus vindicating a certain form of the Substantival Strategy; there is a natural language distinction between numbers and cardinalities (a kind of degree), and the familiar Fregean cardinality-operator most charitably refers to the latter, not the former, thus casting considerable doubt on whether Hume’s Principle can generate numbers in the way assumed by Neo-Fregeans; counting involves measuring the cardinality of collections of indivisible objects, or “atoms”; fractions like ‘212 ’ in ‘2 1 2 oranges’ involve a form of counting (at least on one interpretation), so that ‘Mary ate 2 2 oranges’ implies that Mary ate three things, namely two whole oranges and one half-orange; the distinction between sortal and non-sortal concepts, at least when construed linguistically, is not exhausted by the familiar count/mass distinction, but is plausibly exemplified by various other semantic phenomenon previously unrecognized by philosophers; and not all concepts answering ‘how many’-questions are sortal. Some of the more linguistically significant theses I defend are as follows: though previous accounts have claimed that various uses of ‘four’ can be derived via type-shifting, none of those accounts actually succeeds in deriving meanings appropriate for all of those uses; there are correspondingly distinct referential uses of ‘four’, one referring
Smalleyus tricristatus, new genus, new species, and Pseudothelphusa parabelliana, new species (Brachyura: Pseudothelphusidae) from Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

One, new genus and species, Smalleyus tricristatus, and a new species of Pseudothelphusa, P. parabelliana, are described from the Los Tuxtlas region in the State of Veracruz, Mexico. The new species described here belong to the Tribe Pseudothelphusini. The distribution patterns of both genera are discussed.
COINCIDENCE ROTATIONS OF THE ROOT LATTICE A

The coincidence site lattices of the root lattice A4 are considered, and the statistics of the corresponding coincidence rotations according to their indices is expressed in terms of a Dirichlet series generating function. This is possible via an embedding of A4 into the icosian ring with its rich arithmetic structure, which recently [6] led to the classification of the similar sublattices of A4. Dedicated to Ludwig Danzer on the occasion of his 80th birthday
Dosimetric Characteristics of 103 Pd (Theragenices, Model 200) Brachytherapy Source

Accurately determination of dosimetric parameters for low-energy ¹⁰³ Pd source is crucial to use by treatment planning systems. The dosimetric parameters such as the air kerma strength, Sk, dose rate constant, L, radial dose function, g(r) and anisotropy function, F(r, q) for the lowenergy ¹⁰³ Pd source were investigated. MCNPX (2.6.0) simulation code was used to calculate all dosimetry parameters. Full details of Theragenices-¹⁰³ Pd source model 200 (dimentiones, materials and energy spectrum) were implementd in MC simulations. The ¹⁰³ Pd source was centered in infinite water phantom and the radial dose function calculation the dose was scored in concentric rings with different thickness bonded by 88° and 92° conics. Due to symmetry of source geometry and in order to reducing of errors, the 0.5 mm thickness rings were bounded with two oblique cones (with interval angel of 1°) from 0° to 90° in order to calculate Anisotropy function. The air kerma strength, Sk and dose rate constant, L were found equal to 0.646 cGycm2h⁻¹mCi⁻¹ and 0.798 cGyh⁻¹U⁻¹, respectively. For radial dose function, g(r), using an equation as g(r) = a₀+a₁r+a₂r²+a₃r²lnr+ a₄/r², Where a₀=1.6440, a₁=-0.8338, a₂=0.1917, a₃=-0.0539, a₄=-0.0062 with R²=0.9995 have been yielded a better fitting than the fifth-order polynomial equation recommended by AAPM, TG-43U1. The calculated anisotropy values included the distances of clinical interest for this type of lowenergy photon source, up to 2 cm, and especially for smaller angles, q 0.9935. The calculated results and extracted equations are in good agreement with the corresponding values reported by AAPM, TG-43U1 and can be used in Monte Carlo based treatment planning system.
The Dugundji extension property can fail in $ω_μ$ -metrizable spaces

We show that there exist ωμ-metrizable spaces which do not have the Dugundji extension property (21 with the countable box topology is such a space). This answers a question posed by the second author in 1972, and shows that certain results of van Douwen and Borges are false.
Pre College Mathematics Preparation: Does It Work?

In 2008 and 2009 VCU offered a rigorous four week residential summer transition program for incoming under-represented minority freshmen in science, engineering, and mathematics disciplines. The core component of the academic program was mathematics preparation, achieved by offering a pre-calculus course. In addition, courses in science (chemistry) and study skills were offered. This paper will address the importance of offering mathematics preparation as a part of pre-college programs whose goals are to develop under-represented minority students’ performance and reduce the gap between them and their peers from different races/ethnicities. In addition, it will spot light the best practices which have been identified.
GALAXY CLUSTERS IN THE IRAC DARK FIELD. II. MID-INFRARED SOURCES

We present infrared (IR) luminosities, star formation rates (SFR), colors, morphologies, locations, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) properties of 24 μm detected sources in photometrically detected high-redshift clusters in order to understand the impact of environment on star formation (SF) and AGN evolution in cluster galaxies. We use three newly identified z = 1 clusters selected from the IRAC dark field; the deepest ever mid-IR survey with accompanying, 14 band multiwavelength data including deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging and deep wide-area Spitzer MIPS 24 μm imaging. We find 90 cluster members with MIPS detections within two virial radii of the cluster centers, of which 17 appear to have spectral energy distributions dominated by AGNs and the rest dominated by SF. We find that 43% of the star-forming sample have IR luminosities LIR > 1011 L☉ (luminous IR galaxies). The majority of sources (81%) are spirals or irregulars. A large fraction (at least 25%) show obvious signs of interactions. The MIPS-detected member galaxies have varied spatial distributions as compared to the MIPS-undetected members with one of the three clusters showing SF galaxies being preferentially located on the cluster outskirts, while the other two clusters show no such trend. Both the AGN fraction and the summed SFR of cluster galaxies increase from redshift zero to one, at a rate that is a few times faster in clusters than over the same redshift range in the field. Cluster environment does have an effect on the evolution of both AGN fraction and SFR from redshift one to the present, but does not affect the IR luminosities or morphologies of the MIPS sample. SF happens in the same way regardless of environment making MIPS sources look the same in the cluster and field, however the cluster environment does encourage a more rapid evolution with time as compared to the field.