Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Past oral contraceptive and hormone therapy use and endogenous hormone concentrations in postmenopausal women

Objective: Exogenous sex hormone use is associated with many health effects. Current exogenous hormone use influences endogenous sex hormone levels, but little is known about longer term effects on endogenous hormones after cessation of use. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between past hormone use and current endogenous hormone status. Design: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,983 postmenopausal women aged 55 to 81 years from the general community. The women were not currently using exogenous hormones. Past use of oral contraceptives (OCs) and hormone therapy (HT) as well as circulating endogenous sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations were evaluated. Results: Past OC users had significantly lower endogenous estradiol, estrone, androstenedione, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations compared with never users independent of age, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, and reproductive factors. Past HT users had significantly lower testosterone and 17&agr;-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations. Past OC use and HT use were both independently associated with lower testosterone concentrations: −9% (95% CI: −16% to −2%) for ever OC use compared with never OC use and −7% (95% CI: −17% to −2%) for ever HT use compared with never HT use. The magnitude of 5% to 10% differences in endogenous hormone concentrations was similar or greater for past OC use compared with past HT use, although OC use occurred earlier in the past. Conclusions: Past OC use and HT use seem to be related to long-term differences in endogenous sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in postmenopausal women many years after cessation of use. These findings have implications for understanding the longer term effects of exogenous hormone exposures earlier in life with health and disease risk in later life.
Obesity and other predictors of absenteeism in Philadelphia school children.

BACKGROUND Limited data indicate that obese children are absent from school more than their normal-weight peers. We analyzed administrative data from a large urban school district to investigate the association of obesity and student sociodemographic characteristics with absenteeism. METHODS We analyzed 291,040 records, representing 165,056 unique students (grades 1-12). Obesity status was classified according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention age- and sex-specific percentiles for body mass index (BMI) and analyses were based on negative binomial regression. RESULTS Overall rates of overweight and obesity were 17% and 20%, respectively, and the estimated absence rate was 17 absences per 180 student-days. Obesity was weakly associated with increased school absences. The association was present mainly among the most obese students (BMI >99th percentile), who had an 11% greater absence rate compared to normal-weight students. Compared to white students, Hispanics and African Americans had higher absence rates (14% and 10%, respectively), and Asians had lower absence rates (43%). Students eligible for free or reduced-cost meals had 24% higher absence rates than those who were not eligible. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity do not seem strongly associated with school absence, except among extremely obese children. Race and poverty appear to affect absences to a greater extent than overweight and obesity. Additional research is needed to investigate the contribution of contextual factors in schools and neighborhoods. This study suggests that data routinely collected in schools could be used to track childhood obesity and to efficiently evaluate public health interventions designed to decrease childhood obesity.
Relationships of Vaginal Lactobacillus species, Cervical Chlamydia trachomatis, and Bacterial Vaginosis to Preterm Birth

The frequency of genital infection was compared among women in premature labor who delivered preterm (before 37 weeks), women in preterm labor who delivered at term, and control women who delivered at term. Both groups of women in premature labor were younger and had more previous preterm births than did control women. Women in premature labor who delivered preterm were more likely to experience rupture of membranes, intrapartum fever, and postpartum fever than were control women. The presence of bacterial vaginosis (odds ratio 2.3) and Chlamydia trachomatis (odds ratio 3.9) was positively associated, and Lactobacillus sp (odds ratio 0.2) was negatively associated, with birth before 37 weeks, using multivariable analysis to control for confounding variables.
High-density EEG Mapping during General Anaesthesia with Xenon and Propofol: A Pilot Study

Anaesthetic-induced spatial inhomogeneities of the electrencephalogram(EEG) using “high density” electrode mapping have not previously been reported. We measured the scalp EEG with a dense electrode (128-channel) montage during the course of light general anaesthesia with xenon and then propofol in normal human subjects. EEG was measured during induction and recovery of general anaesthesia in five normal subjects, and we obtained analysable data from three of these subjects. EEG topographies were plotted on a realistic head surface. Scalp fields were spatially de-blurred using a realistic head model and projected onto an averaged cortical surface Both xenon and propofol elicited large increases in midline frontal theta-band EEG power. Propofol reliably elicited orbitofrontal delta activity. Xenon, but not propofol, caused large increases in delta over the posterior cortex. Increased gamma power was observed for both anaesthetic agents at midline electrodes over the posterior cortex, but not anteriorly. Anaesthesia-induced delta and theta waves were differentially distributed along the anterior-posterior axis of the brain in a manner that corresponds well to the anatomy of putative neuronal generators. The distribution of anaesthetic-induced changes in fast gamma-band power seems to reflect functional differences between the posterior and anterior aspects of the cerebral cortex. These preliminary observations were consistent within our small sample, indicating that larger studies of anaesthetic effects using high-density recordings are warranted.
Asbestos content of omentum and mesentery in nonoccupationally exposed individuals

Asbestos fibers in occupationally exposed individuals relocate from the lung to extrapulmonary sites. A mechanism for relocation is via the lymphatic circulation. Indeed, asbestos fibers have been found in lymph nodes as well as pleural plaques. Our laboratory has recently shown that asbestos fibers also reach the mesentery and omentum in the peritoneal area where a small percentage of mesotheliomas occurs in exposed individuals. The present study uses light and analytical transmission electron microscopy for defining the asbestos burden in digested lung, omentum, and mesentery tissues from individuals considered as representing the general population in East Texas. The findings, when compared with previous data from occupationally exposed individuals, indicate extreme contrasts as to the level and types of fiber burden between individuals representing the groups.
Zero-forcing-based two-phase relaying with multiple mobile stations

It is well known that relay stations improve the link performance between the base and mobile stations and thereby improve the total system throughput. Nonetheless, the additional resource consumption to deploy the relay station reduces the system throughput significantly. The zero-forcing (ZF)-based two-phase relaying scheme that requires only two phases to communicate a frame was suggested for the system where a single mobile station is considered. The performance bottle-necks of the conventional ZF-based two-phase relaying are channel asymmetry and an ill-conditioned channel that reduces the effective channel gain. We propose a novel two-phase relaying scheme to support multiple users simultaneously for a given channel resource. The proposed relaying scheme includes the multiuser scheduling at the relay station and the additional precoding at the base station to make the effective channels from the base and mobile stations equal to each other. We evaluate the proposed relaying scheme by numerically comparing its sum rate to those of the conventional relaying schemes.
Toward a Contextual Theory of Turnover Intention in Online Crowdworking

Online crowdworking marketplaces represent an emergent labor market. Despite the ample recent literature on crowdworking marketplaces, we still lack a clear understanding of the antecedents to worker turnover behavior in such labor markets. This paper integrates the extant crowdworking literature with traditional theories of worker turnover intention, boundary spanning, and online communities to develop a Contextual Model of Turnover Intention in online Crowdworking (COMTIC). Conceptually, COMTIC complements the traditional organizational turnover perspective with a contextualized boundary spanning perspective and illustrates how the two theories work together to more accurately depict the crowdworker turnover intention. The model is tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling and is largely confirmed by the results. We discuss the theoretical implications of the proposed COMTIC framework and offer practical insights for existent and future crowdworking marketplaces.
Non-native text analysis: A survey

Abstract Non-native speakers of English far outnumber native speakers; English is the main language of books, newspapers, airports, air-traffic control, international business, academic conferences, science, technology, diplomacy, sports, international competitions, pop music, and advertising (British Council 2014). Online education in the form of massive online open courses is also primarily in English—even teaching English. This creates enormous amounts of text written by non-native speakers, which in turn generates a need for grammar correction and analysis. Even aside from massive online open courses, the number of English learners in Asia alone is in the tens of millions. In this paper, we provide a survey of the two main areas of existing work on non-native text analysis, prefaced by an overview of common datasets used by researchers, comparing their attributes and potential uses. Then, an introduction to native language identification follows: determining the native language of an author based on text in the second language. This section is subdivided into various techniques and a shared task on this classification problem. Next, we discuss non-native grammatical error correction—finding and modifying text to fix errors or to make it sound more fluent. Again, we discuss different methods before investigating a relevant shared task. Lastly, we end with conclusions and potential future directions. While this survey primarily focuses on detecting and correcting non-native English text, many approaches are general and can be used across any language pairing.
Comparison of pain associated with intradermal and subcutaneous infiltration with various local anesthetic solutions.

Although used to obtund pain, local anesthetics may themselves initially produce pain on injection (1,2). From a clinical perspective, knowing the degree of pain produced by various agents would be important in selecting a local anesthetic for many surgical procedures. The present study compares the levels of pain associated with intradermal and subcutaneous injections of normal saline and five different local anesthetic solutions.
Clinical Classification of Heart Failure Patients Using Cardiac Function during Exercise

An effective approach for determining the clinical classification of heart failure (HF) patients is to estimate cardiac hemodynamics during exercise. This approach is strengthened further when measurements including cardiac power are used to describe cardiac hemodynamics. We hypothesize that cardiac power quantifies the hemodynamic and pressure–generating capability of the heart, relating with exercise tolerance better than traditional measurements in HF.
HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: clinical characteristics and outcome. The experience of the French Registry of HIV-associated tumors.

From 1/87 to 12/89, the French Registry of HIV-associated tumors recorded 131 cases of intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). There were 47 small non-cleaved Burkitt-type lymphomas (SNCL), 32 immunoblastic lymphomas (IL) and 52 diffuse large-cell or predominantly large-cell lymphomas (LCL). There were differences in the clinical patterns of the histological subtypes. Isolated extranodal presentation was less frequent in SNCL (2/47) than in IL (13/32) and LCL (17/49) (p less than 0.0001). In the latter two groups, the central nervous system was the principal site of extranodal involvement (16/30), 87% of SNCL, patients had no previous manifestations of AIDS whereas 40% of IL and LCL patients presented full-blown AIDS (p less than 0.01). At the time of NHL diagnosis, the median blood CD4 lymphocyte count was higher in SNCL (266/microL) than in LCL (125/microL, p less than 0.05) and IL (80/microL, p less than 0.01), 69% of stages I/II patients, 31% of stages III/IV, and 33% of stage ie patients achieved complete remission (CR), p less than 0.05. Overall median survival time was 5 months. There was no statistical difference in CR and survival rates among histological types. The two-year actuarial survival rate was 25% (median 8 months) for initially asymptomatic patients or those with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) and 9% (median 3 months) for those previously with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and AIDS patients (p less than 0.001). Response to treatment was the other predictor factor. The two-year survival rate was 42% (median 16 months) for patients who achieved CR, and 5% (median 3 months) for those who did not. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor has a negative effect on stroke outcome in a murine model

The administration of CD34‐positive cells after stroke has been shown to have a beneficial effect on functional recovery by accelerating angiogenesis and neurogenesis in rodent models. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) is known to mobilize CD34‐positive cells from bone marrow and has displayed neuroprotective properties after transient ischemic stress. This led us to investigate the effects of G‐CSF administration after stroke in mouse. We utilized permanent ligation of the M1 distal portion of the left middle cerebral artery to develop a reproducible focal cerebral ischemia model in CB‐17 mice. Animals treated with G‐CSF displayed cortical atrophy and impaired behavioral function compared with controls. The negative effect of G‐CSF on outcome was associated with G‐CSF induction of an exaggerated inflammatory response, based on infiltration of the peri‐infarction area with CD11b‐positive and F4/80‐positive cells. Although clinical trials with G‐CSF have been started for the treatment of myocardial and limb ischemia, our results indicate that caution should be exercised in applying these results to cerebral ischemia.
Inhibin A and non‐Down syndrome aneuploidy

47,XX+18 22 Post-amnio Screening 0.11 0.91 0.30 0.09 47,XX+18 21 Post-CVS Scan 0.35 0.62 0.81 0.05 47,XX+18 15 Screening — 0.42 0.74 0.29 0.05 47,XX+18 11 Post-CVS Age 0.50 1.07 0.90 0.14 47,XX+18 19 High risk Scan 0.60 0.70 0.76 0.28 47,XY+18 17 Post-CVS Screening 0.68 0.55 0.06 0.04 47,X. +18 15 Screening — 0.71 0.99 1.13 0.19 47,XY+18 11 Post-CVS History 0.71 0.83 1.67 0.20 47,XX+18 19 Post-amnio Age 0.78 0.41 0.55 0.57 47,XY+18 20 Post-amnio Screening 0.80 0.64 0.48 0.27 47,XX+18 11 Post-CVS Age 1.06 11.51 1.62 0.15 47,XX+18 20 Post-CVS Scan 1.09 0.95 0.59 0.97 47,XX+18 15 Screening — 1.15 0.91 0.54 0.51 47,XX+18 13 Screening — 1.19 1.30 0.80 0.57 47,XY+18 18 Post-amnio Age 1.56 1.08 0.90 0.31 47,XX+18 18 Post-CVS Scan 1.57 1.76 0.38 0.22 47,XX+18 and Exom 19 Post-CVS Scan 1.59 5.27 0.65 0.50 47,XY+18 14 High risk Scan 2.05 0.51 0.42 0.30 47,XY+18 and Exom 18 High risk Scan 2.76 1.35 0.33 0.21 47,XX+18 14 High risk Scan 6.92 0.45 0.52 0.78 45,X0 20 Post-amnio Scan 0.18 9.24 0.08 0.07 45,X0/46,X+ring 13 Post-CVS Age 0.92 0.87 0.69 4.52 45,X0 13 High risk Scan 1.54 0.71 0.11 0.67 45,X0 13 Post-CVS Scan 2.21 3.16 1.24 0.85 45,X0 19 Post-amnio Scan 2.57 1.02 0.59 2.24 45,X0 18 Screening — 3.39 1.40 0.84 2.52 47,XX+13 21 Post-amnio Scan 0.40 1.45 1.48 1.25 47,XX+13 15 Post-amnio Age 1.00 1.81 1.53 0.15 47,XX+13 15 Post-CVS Scan 1.59 0.92 0.37 1.11 47,XX+13 and Spina 14 Screening — 2.84 1.16 0.84 0.92 47,XX+13 17 Screening — 4.27 1.20 0.32 1.11 47,XY+13 16 Post-CVS Scan 7.39 5.15 0.63 1.04
An Aging Workforce and the Technology Gap: An Exploratory Multiple Case Study

An Aging Workforce and the Technology Gap: An Exploratory Multiple Case Study by Julie Francis-Pettway MA, Troy University, 2012 BS, Albany State University, 1997 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Management Walden University February 2019 Abstract A gap exists in the literature on the actual experiences of older workers with information and communication technology adoption in technology-infused workplaces. To inform organizations on how to more effectively support this employee group’s adoption of technology, the purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was designed to gain a deeper understanding of the daily experiences of older workersA gap exists in the literature on the actual experiences of older workers with information and communication technology adoption in technology-infused workplaces. To inform organizations on how to more effectively support this employee group’s adoption of technology, the purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was designed to gain a deeper understanding of the daily experiences of older workers when adopting and adapting to information and communication technologies in a technology-infused workplace. This study is framed by, first, the selection-optimizationcompensation framework for successful aging and, second, the age-inclusive training design framework. Semistructured interviews with 8 participants, observational field notes, and archival data provided data regarding specific technology experiences among older workers in the workplace. Identifiable themes emerged through thematic analysis of the textual data and cross-case synthesis analysis. A total of 8 categories that enclose a total of 18 themes were identified. The categories are (a) selection of resources, (b) optimization of resources, (c) compensation of resources, (d) performance limitations, (e) assessing training needs, (f) establishing/ sustaining performance, (g) age-inclusive training needs, and (h) older workers as organizational assets. Findings enhanced social change efforts by providing insight on the daily experiences that the older worker faced which may contribute to limited productivity in the workplace. Organizational leaders and human resource managers may use results of this study to implement provisions that improve help organizational profitability, team cohesiveness, and workplace satisfaction. An Aging Workforce and the Technology Gap: An Exploratory Multiple Case Study by Julie Francis-Pettway MA, Troy University, 2012 BS, Albany State University, 1997 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Management Walden University February 2019
Analyzing Dynamic Capabilities in the Context of Cloud Platform Ecosystems: A Case Study Approach

Dynamic capabilities (DCs) refer to a firm’s abilities to continuously adapt its resource base in order to respond to changes in its external environment. The capability to change dynamically is crucial in business ecosystems that are composed of a variety of actors. Amazon Web Services (AWS), the leader in the cloud platform industry, is a promising cloud platform provider (CPP) to show a high degree of dynamic capability fulfillment within its highly fluctuating ecosystem. To date, the full scope of dynamic capabilities in cloud platform ecosystems (CPEs) has not been fully understood. Previous work has failed to deliver a combined perspective of explicit dynamic capabilities in cloud platform ecosystems applied on an in-depth practical case. With our mixed-method case study on the AWS ecosystem we deliver a thorough understanding of its sensing, seizing and transforming capabilities. We generate a set of strategy management frameworks that support our expectations, lead to unexpected insights and answer the questions of what, how, why and with whom AWS uses DCs. In detail, we provide an understanding about DC chronological change, DC network patterns and DC logical explanations. Our research is based on a self-compiled case study database containing 16k+ secondary data pages from interviews, blogs, announcements, case studies, job vacancies, etc. that we analyze qualitatively and quantitatively. We find out that AWS develops and holds a large set of interacting dynamic capabilities incorporating a variety of ecosystem actors in order to sustain tremendous customer value and satisfaction. The thesis infers significant theoretical and practical implications for all CPE actors, like partners, customers, investors and researchers in the field of IT strategy management. Managers of all CPE actors are encouraged to critically evaluate their own maturity level and complement a CPP’s DC explications in order to boost business by implementing sensing, seizing, transforming and innovating capabilities. Keywords: Dynamic Capabilities, Cloud Platform Ecosystems, Innovation Capabilities, Mixed-Methods Case Study, Amazon Web Services
v-Abl activates c-myc transcription through the E2F site

The v-abl oncogene of Abelson murine leukemia virus encodes a deregulated form of the cellular nonreceptor tyrosine kinase. v-Abl activates c-myc transcription, and c-Myc is an essential downstream component in the v-Abl transformation program. To explore the mechanism by which v-Abl activates c-myc transcription, a cotransfection assay was developed. We show that transactivation of a c-myc promoter by v-Abl requires the SH1 (tyrosine kinase) and SH2 domains of v-Abl; the C-terminal domains are not required for transactivation. The assay also identified the E2F site in the c-myc promoter as a v-Abl-responsive element. In addition, multimerized E2F sites were shown to be sufficient to confer v-Abl-dependent activation on a minimal promoter. This is the first identification of a v-Abl response element for transcriptional activation. v-Abl tyrosine kinase-dependent changes in proteins binding the c-myc E2F site were also demonstrated, including induction of a complex containing DP1, p107, cyclin A, and cdk2. Identification of v-Abl-dependent changes in E2F-binding proteins provides an important link between v-Abl, transcription, cell cycle regulation, and control of cellular growth.