Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Proporsi Komisaris Independen, Jumlah Direktur, Jumlah Komite Audit, Kepemilikan Saham Institusional, Kepemilikan Saham Manajemen Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan

This study aims to test the impact ofindependent commissioner, board of directors, audit committee, ownership of institutional and management shares and size of firm to the firm performance of the firms listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange Index LQ45 for two consecutive years of the period February 2014 to January 2016. This study use the sampling data of 31 firms The sampling is based on the method of purposive sampling. Process of analysis data is carried out with analysis partially first and then analysis simultaneous. The statistic method used is SPPS ( Statistical Product and Service Solution) to obtain descriptive statistics, correlation of variables and analysis of variance. The result of the partial analysis shows that there are two variable has significant influence to the firm performance which is portion of independent commissioner and ownership of institutional shares. Whereas, the result of the simultaneous analysis has shows significant impact.
When college students reject food: not just a matter of taste

Motives underlying the self-reported active avoidance of particular foods were examined. A total of 113 college men (N=56) and women (N=57) reported one food that they actively reject and then completed the Food Avoidance Inventory while keeping that food in mind. The Food Avoidance Inventory measures the degree to which specific sociocultural reasons such as weight health, food's unnatural content, and animal ethics reasons may influence decisions to reject a certain food. Meat was reported as the most frequently rejected food among these college students (N=41), followed by vegetables (N=26) and weight concerns were endorsed as the most prevalent reasons for actively avoiding a certain food. Both the food type rejected and the reasons for rejection were significantly mediated by respondents' gender. These data confirm that male and female college students avoid different foods and have different reasons for doing so.
Share Pledging and Corporate Risk-Taking: Insights from the Chinese Stock Market

This paper examines the relation between share pledging and corporate risk-taking in an environment featured by strong government intervention and high information opacity. We find that during the years 2005 through 2015, the level of share pledging is associated with less volatile earnings and tightened R&D expenditures for Chinese listed firms. We establish causality through a variety of econometric techniques, including a difference-in-differences approach based on a regulatory change that permits security companies to lend money to borrowers pledging their shares as collaterals. In addition, we find that share pledging is associated with enhanced innovation efficiency. Overall, our results highlight that share pledging constrains excessive risk-taking and improves the efficiency of risky investments through facilitating creditor monitoring.
Abnormal regulation of ion channels in cystic fibrosis epithelia

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal genetic disease in Caucasians, is characterized by defective electrolyte transport in several epithelia. In sweat duct, pancreatic, intestinal, and airway epithelia, abnormalities in transepithelial ion transport may account for the manifestations of the disease. A Cl− impermeable apical cell membrane is a common feature in these CF epithelia. The rate of transepithelial Cl− transport is controlled in part by hormonally regulated apical membrane Cl− channels; in CF epithelia, Cl− channels are present but their regulation is defective. Most regulation studies have focused on an outwardly rectifying Cl− channel, although other channels may be involved in Cl− secretion. Phosphorylation of Cl− channels or associated regulatory proteins by cAMP‐dependent protein kinase or by protein kinase C (at a low internal [Ca2+]) in excised patches of membrane activates Cl−channels in normal cells but not in CF cells. Phosphorylation with protein kinase C at a high internal [Ca2+] in excised patches of membrane inactivates the channel; such inactivation is normal in CF cells. Cl−channels can also be activated by other maneuvers including an increase in the cytosolic [Ca2+], sustained membrane depolarization, an increase in temperature, proteolysis, and changes in osmolarity; the response to such maneuvers is not defective in CF. In addition to the Cl− channel abnormalities, Na+ absorption is increased in CF epithelia. It is not certain whether the increased rate of Na+ absorption results from an increase in the number of cation channels or an alteration of their kinetics. The relation of these ion channel abnormalities to the CF gene product is unknown, but an understanding of the function of the protein product and its defective function in CF should yield important new insights into the pathogenesis and potential therapy of this disease. — Welsh, M. J. Abnormal regulation of ion channels in cystic fibrosis epithelia. FASEB J. 4: 2718‐2725; 1990.
Interpersonal psychotherapy and antidepressant medication: evaluation of a sequential treatment strategy in women with recurrent major depression.

BACKGROUND Few data are available to guide treatment selection in major depression. With increasing pressure to maximize the efficiency and minimize the costs of treatment, it is important to have information that could guide treatment selection or point to treatment strategies that have a high probability of success. METHOD We used a successive cohort approach to compare 2 highly similar groups of women with recurrent unipolar disorder (DSM-III-R or DSM-IV): one in which the combination of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) and pharmacotherapy was initiated at the outset of treatment and a second in which IPT alone was provided first and only those who did not remit with IPT alone were offered the combination treatment. RESULTS In the group in which the combination was initiated at the outset of treatment (N = 180), the remission rate was 66%, comparable to the remission rate observed in most outpatient treatment studies of major depression. In contrast, among the women in the second cohort who were first treated with IPT alone and only those who did not remit were given combination therapy (N = 159), the remission rate was 79%, significantly greater than that observed in the group that received combination treatment from the outset (chi2 = 6.55, p = .02). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the strategy of offering IPT to women with recurrent unipolar disorder and, in the absence of remission, adding antidepressant pharmacotherapy can be a highly effective treatment, one that may be particularly attractive to women in the childbearing years. Although slower in its onset of action, this sequential strategy is likely to enable the clear majority of such women to achieve a full remission of depressive symptoms.
A Newborn With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 0 Presenting With a Clinicopathological Picture Suggestive of Myotubular Myopathy

We report a male term newborn with genetically confirmed spinal muscular atrophy type 0, presenting with arthrogryposis and severe generalized weakness and requiring ventilatory support. Muscle biopsy revealed fibers with central nuclei resembling myotubes and negative myotubularin immunohistochemical staining compared with a control muscle biopsy. The absence of myotubularin associated with survival motor neuron protein deficiency suggests that survival motor neuron protein may have a role in muscle fiber maturation and myotubularin expression. Studying the pathology of this rare and lethal neonatal form of spinal muscular atrophy may further our understanding of spinal muscular atrophy pathogenesis.
Effects of the intensity of use of social media on brand equity: An empirical study in a tourist destination

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive research of the effects of the intensity of use of social media on destination brand equity. The authors use the schema theory and a multidimensional approach of brand equity to analyse how social media communication affects brand awareness, brand image, customer value, brand quality and loyalty. Design/methodology/approach The authors carried out a quantitative study through a personal survey with structured questionnaire. The study population were international tourists, over 18 years of age, who were visiting the city of Valencia, Spain. Respondents were asked to take the questionnaire upon arrival in Valencia, that is, before they had any direct experience of the tourist destination and when their knowledge of the city came only from the sources of social media information they have used. The final sample size was 249 interviewees. Findings Findings confirm a positive effect of the intensity of social media use on brand awareness. Results also suggest that brand awareness influences other dimensions of brand equity and highlight the influence of the destination affective image on the intention to make WOM communication. Originality/value Its originality lies in a unique approach for data collecting and using the schema theory of cognitive psychology to understand the phenomenon of social media influence on tourist perception of destination brands. The findings contribute to the development of better social media marketing in order to manage destination brands online.
Criteria for grading in the Ljubljana classification of epithelial hyperplastic laryngeal lesions. A study by members of the Working Group on Epithelial Hyperplastic Laryngeal Lesions of the European Society of Pathology

To validate histological criteria for the grading of epithelial hyperplastic laryngeal lesions (EHHL) (dysplastic laryngeal lesions), we used a system that had been devised and tested in Ljubljana, Slovenia over many years and was felt to be more appropriate to laryngeal pathology than is the commonly‐used model of intraepithelial neoplasia in the cervix.
Occurrence and clinical impact of microembolic signals (MES) in patients with chronic cardiac diseases and atheroaortic plaques--a systematic review.

BACKGROUND In various cardiac diseases, thrombembolism constitutes a major risk, and in these patients clinically silent microembolic signals (MES) are detectable within the transcranial Doppler frequency spectrum (TCD) of the major brain arteries. MES are already an accepted surrogate parameter of the future risk of stroke in patients with carotid artery stenosis. The aim of this review is to summarize and evaluate the data about occurence and clinical impact of MES in patients with chronic cardiac diseases and to clarify whether cardiogenic MES can serve as a surrogate parameter of the heart's future thrombembolic risk as well. METHODS We performed a systematic MEDLINE search and reviewed the currently available literature about chronic cardiac diseases and atheroaortic plaques leading to MES apart from cardiosurgical procedures. CONCLUSION The cardiac conditions producing MES are heterogenous and therefore the prevalence of MES is highly variable. The data in patients with acute or after myocardial infarction, endocarditis, patent foramen ovale, mitral valve prolapse, dilatative cardiomyopathy and intracardiac thrombus is promising but only small patient cohorts have been investigated by means of TCD in these categories. MES in atrial fibrillation, or derived from atheroaortic plaques, have been investigated more intensively, but again larger cohorts need to be explored to draw firm conclusions. In all cardiac diseases there is a lack of large prospective studies allowing to reliably correlating MES with clinical events. Compared to carotid artery disease, the current knowledge about the impact of cardiogenic MES on the patient's risk is sparse. This should encourage the clinical research in this promising field.
Effect of price and smoking characteristics on the decision to smoke smuggled cigarettes in Taiwan.

Editor's Note: Drs. Lee and Chen provide data on the effects of price and smoking characteristics and their relationship to smuggled cigarettes in Taiwan. Smuggled cigarette smoking increased for each NT$1 increase in the price of legal cigarettes. Globally, cigarette smuggling as a percent of consumption varies widely. In Israel, it is estimated that 44% of the cigarettes are smuggled (1999 WHO). In Hungary, the rate is 9% and in Egypt it is slightly above 1%. Researchers estimate that 30% of the internationally exported cigarettes (about 355 billion cigarettes) are lost to smuggling. This trend is seen globally, both in the developed and developing world. Cigarette taxes are often used to plug holes in budgets at all levels of government. Here in my home state of New Jersey, for instance, the newly proposed tax for July 2006 on a pack of cigarettes is $2.75, up from the current $2.40 USD per pack. Initially, state and federal governments benefited from the increased revenue, and we saw the desired decrease in cigarette consumption. But over time, sales of legal cigarettes decreased and illegal cigarettes were smuggled into the higher tax states for resale. A report from Tobacco Free Kids estimates that approximately one-quarter of all legally exported cigarettes end up smuggled across international borders. The World Bank ( Joossens, 1999; De Beyer, 2002) has identified countries with high and low smuggling rates. Sweden, Denmark, Norway, France, Finland, and Ireland? all with high cigarette prices and taxes? are reported to have low smuggling rates ( 10%): Spain, Italy, Pakistan, Nigeria, Yugoslavia, Ukraine, Moldova, Columbia, Iran, Austria, and Cambodia.
The Newcastle Control Score: a new method of grading the severity of intermittent distance exotropia

Aim: To describe the development and application of a novel scoring system for grading the severity of intermittent distance exotropia (IDEX) and its potential application as an intervention criterion for surgical intervention. Methods: The Newcastle Control Score (NCS) for IDEX was developed by incorporating both subjective (home control) and objective (clinic control) criteria into a scale to grade severity. The score structure described was evaluated for interobserver and test-retest reliability. To determine an optimal score threshold for surgical intervention, 170 cases of IDEX were scored retrospectively. Cure rates for surgical and non-surgical cases were then compared according to preoperative or presenting scores. Results: Interobserver and test-test reliability were good (r = 0.82 and r = 0.89 respectively). Total cure rate with surgery was 54% and without surgery 18% (χ2 = 23.093, df = 1, p<0.001). Significantly fewer patients with NCS ⩾3 achieved cure without surgery than those with NCS 2 (χ2 = 3.362, df = 1, p<0.047). Conclusions: The NCS is a reliable method for grading the severity of IDEX and aids decisions regarding intervention. Patients with a score of 3 or more are unlikely to attain a cure without surgery.
Penicillin V in Pneumonia

SI N C E THE I N T ROD U C T ION of the acid-stable phenoxymethyl penicillin, penicillin V, by Brandl et al. (1953) for oral therapy, this preparation has been mostly used in Europe. There have, however, been several recent reports on its clinical use in the United Kingdom, Bowerbank (1955), Dove (1955) and Hart et al. (1956). The purpose of this paper is to present the results obtained in a short series of patients suffering from pneumonia, 8 lobar pneumonia, and 4 broncho-pneumonia, treated by Scot. med, J., 1957, 2:71
The Credit Rating Agencies and Their Role in the Financial System

Despite extensive criticism, the major credit rating agencies (CRAs)—Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, and Fitch—remain central entities in the financial markets of the United States and Europe, especially with respect to bonds and similar financial instruments. This chapter provides a discussion of the role that the CRAs continue to play in the financial system and how and why they play that role. After a brief overview of the CRAs as providers of information that lessens the problems of asymmetric information in lending/borrowing markets, the chapter discusses the expanded use of the CRAs’ ratings in the prudential regulation of financial institutions and the problems that contributed to the financial crisis of 2008. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the likely direction of the CRAs and their regulation.
Examining The Effects Of Dimensions Of Corporate Reputation On Firm Performance

Corporate reputation (CR) research has received a great deal of attention from scholars in different ﬁelds in explaining the positive outcomes of organisational achievement such as increased firm performance (FP). Since CR is created and implemented predominantly by the behaviour and performance of the leaders of that organisation, this study investigates the impact of CR perceptions of middle and top managers on FP. Although the relationship between CR and FP has been documented extensively, the current study differentiates itself by focusing on the reputation perceived by managers or leaders of the firms and its impact on the qualitative and quantitave performance Firms located around Kocaeli, operating in manufacturing industry were surveyed and a total of 181 questionnaires were used to test the predicted relationships. The results of the study indicate that vision and leadership, workplace environment, financial performance and product and services are positively related to quantitative performance. Vision and leadership, workplace environment, product and services are also positively associated with qualitative performance. The study is ended with conclusion and suggestions, study limitations, and directions for future research.
Protracted postnatal natural histories in childhood leukemia

Studies of monozygotic twins with concordant leukemia and scrutiny of archived neonatal blood by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicated that many pediatric leukemias are initiated prenatally by chromosomal translocation followed by a variable postnatal period before diagnosis of disease. The latter is thought to reflect a persistent preleukemic stage and a requirement for secondary genetic events. We sought to examine this further by examination of blood spots in rare cases of MLL fusion‐positive or ETV6/RUNX1 (TEL‐AML1) fusion gene–positive acute leukemia that were diagnosed at ages beyond the normal age range. We present evidence that the duration of the postnatal preleukemic state can occasionally be very protracted in these biological subtypes of pediatric leukemia, and we discuss its biological significance. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of Islamic microfinance: a sustainable poverty reduction approach

Purpose Though microfinance has been working for many years as a tool to eradicate poverty from its root, most of the least developed and developing countries are yet to significantly alleviate it from the society. The purpose of this paper is to focus on Shariah-based microfinance products in the context of sustainable poverty alleviation approach and provide them financial benefits to enhance their livelihoods. Design/methodology/approach Here, this qualitative study critically analyzes the basics of the sustainable Islamic microfinance to exterminate the level of poverty. Findings Islamic microfinance is a more ethical practice than the traditional motives of profit maximization, and it encourages extending the time of repayment if the debtors are in hardship. In some case, it suggests to give charity if the creditor has capability. Research limitations/implications Most importantly, research scholars and experts have already criticized the concept of conventional microfinance on the basis of various points, especially for its high rate of interest. Social implications Islamic microfinance is provided with a view to fulfill two tools simultaneously, i.e., social and financial inclusion. In this case, credits and Zakah can be given to the extreme poor people for satisfying basic needs. In terms of social responsibility, Islam encourages the people to be soft in case of collecting the lending money. Originality/value The study discoursed that sustainable Islamic Microfinance (IM) may be a promising future option to draw the attention of the religiously sensitive people toward the Shariah-based microfinance which can, in turn, mitigate the poverty level.
Melanoma Spheroids Grown Under Neural Crest Cell Conditions Are Highly Plastic Migratory/Invasive Tumor Cells Endowed with Immunomodulator Function

Background The aggressiveness of melanoma tumors is likely to rely on their well-recognized heterogeneity and plasticity. Melanoma comprises multi-subpopulations of cancer cells some of which may possess stem cell-like properties. Although useful, the sphere-formation assay to identify stem cell-like or tumor initiating cell subpopulations in melanoma has been challenged, and it is unclear if this model can predict a functional phenotype associated with aggressive tumor cells. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed the molecular and functional phenotypes of melanoma spheroids formed in neural crest cell medium. Whether from metastatic or advanced primary tumors, spheroid cells expressed melanoma-associated markers. They displayed higher capacity to differentiate along mesenchymal lineages and enhanced expression of SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, and/or OCT4 transcription factors, but not enhanced self-renewal or tumorigenicity when compared to their adherent counterparts. Gene expression profiling attributed a neural crest cell signature to these spheroids and indicated that a migratory/invasive and immune-function modulating program could be associated with these cells. In vitro assays confirmed that spheroids display enhanced migratory/invasive capacities. In immune activation assays, spheroid cells elicited a poorer allogenic response from immune cells and inhibited mitogen-dependent T cells activation and proliferation more efficiently than their adherent counterparts. Our findings reveal a novel immune-modulator function of melanoma spheroids and suggest specific roles for spheroids in invasion and in evasion of antitumor immunity. Conclusion/Significance The association of a more plastic, invasive and evasive, thus a more aggressive tumor phenotype with melanoma spheroids reveals a previously unrecognized aspect of tumor cells expanded as spheroid cultures. While of limited efficiency for melanoma initiating cell identification, our melanoma spheroid model predicted aggressive phenotype and suggested that aggressiveness and heterogeneity of melanoma tumors can be supported by subpopulations other than cancer stem cells. Therefore, it could be constructive to investigate melanoma aggressiveness, relevant to patients and clinical transferability.
AIS Electronic

This paper aims to investigate the antecedents of task support satisfaction in the context of electronic patient care report (ePCR) in emergency medical services (EMS). Although prior studies have extensively examined electronic health records (EHR) use, the area of EMS has been overlooked in the literature. This study examines the ePCR system characteristics, including information quality, compatibility, security protection, usability, and reputation, through the lens of elaboration likelihood model. Furthermore, based on the theory, a moderating role of ePCR self-efficacy and the interaction effect between security protection and usability are proposed. By examining these focal variables, we expect to understand how ePCR can be more effective, EMS personnel perceive more task support satisfaction, and existing concerns on ePCR compatibility and security can be relieved