Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TestPack Chlamydia, a new rapid assay for the direct detection of Chlamydia trachomatis

TestPack Chlamydia (Abbott Laboratories) is a rapid enzyme immunoassay for the direct antigen detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical specimens. The assay is self-contained, requires no specialized equipment, and yields results in less than 30 min. The clinical performance of TestPack Chlamydia versus chlamydial cell culture was evaluated with a total of 1,694 paired endocervical specimens. Discordant samples were further investigated by immunofluorescent staining and by Chlamydiazyme immunoassay, with confirmatory procedures. The sensitivity of TestPack Chlamydia with less-than-48-h-old specimens was 76.5%, while culture sensitivity was 86.7%. TestPack Chlamydia specificity was determined to be 99.5%. These results indicate that TestPack Chlamydia is an accurate test for chlamydial infection, with a positive predictive value of 96.2%. This assay is suitable for low-volume chlamydial testing in physician offices, clinics, and smaller laboratories.
Generation of a novel factor IX with augmented clotting activities in vitro and in vivo

Summary. Background: Hemophilia B is an X‐linked inherited disorder caused by the lack of functional factor IX (FIX). Currently, treatment of hemophilia B is performed by intravenous infusion of plasma‐derived or recombinant FIX. Objective: In an effort to reduce factor usage and cost, we investigated the potential use of FIX variants with enhanced specific clotting activity. Methods: Seven recombinant FIX variants using alanine replacement were generated and assayed for their activity in vitro and in vivo. Results: One variant containing three substitutions (V86A/E277A/R338A, FIX‐Triple) exhibited 13‐fold higher specific clotting activity and a 10‐fold increased affinity for human FVIIIa compared with FIX‐wild‐type (FIX‐WT) and was thus investigated systematically in vivo. Liver‐specific FIX‐Triple gene expression following hydrodynamic plasmid delivery revealed a 3.5‐fold higher specific clotting activity compared with FIX‐WT. Human FIX‐Triple and FIX‐WT knock‐in mice were generated and it was confirmed that FIX‐Triple has 7‐fold higher specific clotting activity than FIX‐WT under normal physiological conditions. Protein infusion of FIX‐Triple into hemophilia B mice resulted in greater improvement of hemostasis than that achieved with FIX‐WT. Moreover, tail‐vein administration of a serotype 8 recombinant Adeno‐associated vector (AAV8) expressing either FIX‐WT or FIX‐Triple in hemophilia B mice demonstrated a 7‐fold higher specific clotting activity of FIX‐Triple than FIX‐WT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the FIX‐Triple variant exhibits significantly enhanced clotting activity relative to FIX‐WT due to tighter binding to FVIIIa, as demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, FIX‐Triple is a good candidate for further evaluation in protein replacement therapy as well as gene‐based therapeutic strategies.
Plasma aldosterone response to upright posture and angiotensin II infusion in aldosterone-producing adenoma.

Nineteen patients with primary aldosteronism due to surgically confirmed aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) were examined to evaluate the response of aldosterone to upright posture and angiotensin II infusion. Upright posture reportedly decreases the plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) in APA but raises it in idiopathic hyperaldosteronism. However, our findings showed the opposite result, in that the upright posture did not change or raised PAC in 15 of 19 cases (79%). Angiotensin II was infused i.v. at doses from 0.5-2 ng/min.kg body weight in six patients in whom the upright posture raised PAC, but did not raise PAC in all cases. This result supports the assumption that APA is functionally insensitive to angiotensin II. A concomitant rise of ACTH, pretreatment with calcium channel blockade, and other modulating factors may be involved in this PAC rise. Whatever the reason, such a high frequency of patients with increased PAC in APA raises some question about the clinical value of the upright posture test. We believe, then, there is reason to check any interpretation concerning increased PAC in the case of the upright posture test in distinguishing between APA and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism.
Endaural cerebral hernia

Herniation of brain tissue into the middle ear and mastoid is a problem which rarely faces the present day otologist. This has not always been the case. In the first forty years of this century protrusion either of temporal lobe or cerebellum into the middle-ear cleft was a well-recognized entity. The condition occurred most commonly as a complication of trepanation for an otogenic temporal lobe or cerebellar abscess, and raised intracranial pressure and local infection were essential predisposing factors. Better health care and the introduction of antibiotics have reduced the incidence of intracranial otogenic infection to very low levels. Furthermore, improved surgical technique, particularly as a result of the introduction of the operating microscope and the drill, has reduced the likelihood of iatrogenic hernia from trauma to the dura mater, particularly in the region of the tegmen tympani. The literature abounds with colourful and inaccurate names for the condition, the most popular in early years being 'Brain Fungus' which must surely finally be expunged. The present authors prefer the term 'Endaural Cerebral Hernia', proposed by Schurr (1960).
Shorter Wavelength Gain Shift In EDFA Using A Macro-Bending Approach

Gain and noise figure improvements are demonstrated in a shorter wavelength region of double-pass EDFA using a macro-bending approach. The EDF is wound in a small radius to suppress the amplified spontaneous emission at the longer wavelength in order to achieve a high amplification in the shorter wavelength. Gain enhancements of about 12 ~ 14 dB are obtained with macro-bending at wavelength region between 1480 nm and 1530 nm. The micro-bending also reduces the noise figure of the EDFA at wavelengths shorter than 1525 nm with maximum improvement of 25 dB.
ANALISIS ZAT GIZI TEMPE FORTIFIKASI ZAT BESI BERDASARKAN PEMASAKAN

Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah gizi paling umum pada negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Diantara berbagai solusi perbaikan gizi, fortifikasi makanan merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan. Tempe yang berbahan dasar kedele memungkinkan sebagai alternatif makanan untuk difortifikasi dengan besi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis zat gizi pada tempe fortifikasi zat besi, mentah dan masak. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah pembuatan tempe fortifikasi zat besi, dimana terdapat 5 kelompok perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah percobaan satu faktor dengan dasar Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t indipendent dan uji Mann Whitney serta Anova dan uji Kruskal Wallis. Analisis zat gizi dilakukan pada tempe mentah dan masak (dibacem). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat penurunan yang bermakna zat gizi (protein, lemak, dan zat besi) pada tempe fortifikasi yang telah dimasak. Namun pada kadar abu dan karbohidrat mengalami kenaikan yang bermakna setelah dilakukan pemasakan (dibacem). Tempe yang difortifikasi zat besi, makin tinggi kadar zat besi yang ditambahkan pada fortifikan maka kadar zat besi tempe makin meningkat (pada tempe fortifikasi mentah) dan ada perbedaan yang bermakna. Pada tempe fortifikasi masak juga ada pengaruh perlakuan terhadap kadar zat besi, namun antar perlakuan kadar zat besinya bervariasi. Pengaruh pemasakan dengan dibacem menurunkan kadar zat besi secara bermakna (p=0,00), dimana rata-rata kadar zat besi tempe fortifikasi mentah 3,36 mg menjadi 2,67 mg
How is ATL Really Used? Language Feature Use in the ATL Zoo

Studies of code repositories have long been used to understand the use of programming languages and to provide insight into how they should evolve. Such studies can highlight features that are rarely used and can safely be removed to simplify the language. Conversely, combinations of features that are frequently used together can be identified and possibly replaced with new features to improve the user experience. Unfortunately, this kind of research has not been as popular in Model Driven Development (MDD). More specifically, using repositories of model transformations (in any language) to understand how the features of these languages are used has not been investigated much, despite its potential benefits. In this paper, we study the use of the ATL model transformation language in an ATL transformation repository. We identify three research questions aimed at providing insight into how ATL's features are actually used. Using the TXL source transformation language, we implement a parser-based analyzer to extract information from the ATL Zoo. We use this information to answer these research questions and provide additional observations based on manual inspection of ATL artifacts.
Image Super Resolution Based on Fusing Multiple Convolution Neural Networks

In this paper, we focus on constructing an accurate super resolution system based on multiple Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs). Each individual CNN is trained separately with different network structure. A Context-wise Network Fusion (CNF) approach is proposed to integrate the outputs of individual networks by additional convolution layers. With fine-tuning the whole fused network, the accuracy is significantly improved compared to the individual networks. We also discuss other network fusion schemes, including Pixel-Wise network Fusion (PWF) and Progressive Network Fusion (PNF). The experimental results show that the CNF outperforms PWF and PNF. Using SRCNN as individual network, the CNF network achieves the state-of-the-art accuracy on benchmark image datasets.
Accumulation and Loss of Extracellular Matrix During Shear Stress-mediated Intimal Growth and Regression in Baboon Vascular Grafts

The composition of extracellular matrix during growth and regression of the neointima was analyzed during healing in a baboon aortoiliac polytetrafluoroethylene graft. Graft neointimal thickening can be modulated by altering blood flow by construction of downstream arteriovenous fistulas. Normal flow with normal shear stress induces neointimal thickening, whereas high flow with high shear stress upstream of a fistula induces regression of established neointima. The neointima formed under normal shear stress is enriched in hyaluronan and proteoglycans, particularly versican. On the other hand, the neointima near the graft material is enriched in collagen and biglycan. Neointimal regression in response to high shear stress is associated with a loss of proteoglycans as detected by histochemical staining. Immunostaining with an antibody against an ADAMTS cleavage neoepitope of versican increases after switching to high flow, although immunostaining for versican core protein is not appreciably changed by high flow. The present data demonstrate that the graft neointima is enriched with proteoglycans, particularly versican and hyaluronan, as well as collagen, and there is a differential distribution of each. Neointimal atrophy occurs with an apparent loss of proteoglycans and evidence of versican degradation.
Flap or soar? How a flight generalist responds to its aerial environment

The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of animal flight. Volant animals can reduce these costs by using different flight modes, each with their own benefits and constraints. However, the extent to which animals alter their flight modes in response to environmental conditions has rarely been studied in the wild. To provide insight into how a flight generalist can reduce the energetic cost of movement, we studied flight behaviour in relation to the aerial environmental and landscape using hundreds of hours of global positioning system and triaxial acceleration measurements of the lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus). Individuals differed largely in the time spent in flight, which increased linearly with the time spent in flight at sea. In general, flapping was used more frequently than more energetically efficient soaring flight. The probability of soaring increased with increasing boundary layer height and time closer to midday, reflecting improved convective conditions supportive of thermal soaring. Other forms of soaring flight were also used, including fine-scale use of orographic lift. We explore the energetic consequences of behavioural adaptations to the aerial environment and underlying landscape and implications for individual energy budgets, foraging ecology and reproductive success. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Moving in a moving medium: new perspectives on flight’.
The Challenge of Regulating Private Wildlife Ranches for Conservation in South Africa

We address the new attempts at regulating wildlife ranches on private land in South Africa. Although positive conservation impacts can be attributed to private wildlife ranching, there are a number of ecological consequences that often arise as a result of economic priorities. We present and analyze new national regulations aimed at coordinating provincial legislation and guiding the wildlife industry in a more conservationist direction, and examine tensions that have arisen between different sociopolitical scales as a result. Data were obtained through a desk-based study of legal documents and interviews with key stakeholders. The new regulations begin to address international obligations and national policy on biodiversity conservation by potentially combating a number of specific ecological problems associated with wildlife ranching. However, in practice, the regulations are a significant source of tension among stakeholders and will be challenging to implement. A key issue is competing agendas between incentivedriven ranchers and conservationist aims. It may be that in addressing the ecological problems at the margin, the new regulations will encourage some ranchers to convert their land away from conservation friendly land use.
Distribution and habitat ecology of the threatened forest lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in Estonia

Lobaria pulmonaria is a widely used as an indicator species of undisturbed old-growth forests ecosystems, but the knowledge about its habitat ecology is still highly fragmented. To quantify the distribution, habitat preference and host tree specificity of Lobaria pulmonaria we utilised data from databases and field surveys in Estonia. The number of L. pulmonaria localities is the highest in the densely forested regions, concentrated mainly in small forest patches defined as 'ecologically highly valuable'. The species grows mostly on deciduous trees, particularly on aspen ( Populus tremula). L. pulmonaria is most common in oligo-mesotrophic boreal, eutrophic boreo-nemoral and in eutrophic paludifying forests, and prefers forests with an average age of trees more than 100 years. In addition, we found that younger stands could be suitable habitats for L. pulmonaria if the structure of the stand is comparable to mature stands. In spite of the many localities of L. pulmonaria in Estonia, the species is still threatened because (1) the rotation period of tree stands is short, (2) it is abundant in forest types which are rare or under strong economic pressure, (3) and it prefers host trees which have a restricted distribution in Estonia or are not favoured in forest management practice. Kokkuvote: Hariliku kopsusambliku (Lobaria pulmonaria), ohustatud metsasambliku levik ja kasvukohanoudlus Eestis. Harilikku kopsusamblikku (Lobaria pulmonaria) on laialdaselt kasutatud looduslike vanade metsade indikaatorliigina, kuigi teadmised tema kasvukohanoudlustest on piiratud. Et saada ulevaadet h. kopsusambliku levikust, kasvukohaeelistustest ja puuliigi spetsiifilisusest Eestis, kasutasime erinevatesse andmebaasidesse koondatud andmeid. Hariliku kopsusambliku leiukohtade arv on korgeim suurema metsasusega piirkondades, peamiselt vaikestes metsaosades, mis on defineeritud kui okoloogiliselt vaartuslikud. See liik kasvab peamiselt lehtpuudel, eriti harilikul haaval (Populus tremula), olles koige tavalisem palu-, salu- ja soostuvates metsades, ning eelistades puistuid, kus puude vanus on ule 100 aasta. Siiski voib h. kopsusamblik kasvada ka nooremates metsades, kui puistus on piisavalt suuri puid. Hoolimata h. kopsusambliku arvukatest leiukohtadest Eestis on see liik siin siiski ohustatud, kuna (1) metsade raiering on luhike, (2) ta on arvukas metsatuupides, mis on Eestis haruldased voi majandusliku surve all, (3) ning ta eelistab peremeespuid, mis on Eestis piiratud levikuga voi mille kasvu ei soodusta metsamajandus.
The Influence of Interpersonal Trust and Organizational Commitment on Perceived Organizational Performance

This study aims to examine the influence of organizational social capital and organizational citizenship behavior on perceived organizational performance. Interpersonal trust is accepted as an attribute of organizational social capital and organizational commitment is considered as a dimension of organizational citizenship behavior. The interpersonal trust among police officers at Kyrgyz National Police (KNP) and their commitment to KNP is analyzed by the statistical analysis of this study. The 400 surveys were distributed to police officers of the KNP in 7 different regions of Kyrgyzstan and the capital city of Bishkek. The correlational research and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to analyze the results. The results of this study indicate that that interpersonal trust among officers and high level of commitment leads to an increased level of performance at KNP. Based on these results, both policy makers and police managers should focus on
Attitudes towards women managers: Development and validation of a new measure with Turkish samples

This study reports the development of a new instrument measuring attitudes towards women managers (ATWoM). To test its reliability and validity data were collected from 456 Turkish employees from 23 organizations. Reliability and validitiy of ATWoM's final version were also tested with a separate sample comprised 312 students enrolled in junior–senior undergraduate and MBA programmes. ATWoM's psychometric properties were superior to one of the most widely used instruments measuring the same construct, Women as Managers Scale (WAMS). ATWoM was negatively correlated with traditional attitudes towards gender roles and positively correlated with respondents' report of quality in their interaction with women managers and general preference to work with women managers.
Mammographic Density and Candidate Gene Variants: A Twins and Sisters Study

Background: Mammographic density, the light/white radiographic appearance on a mammogram that represents connective and epithelial tissue, is a strong risk factor for breast cancer which seems to be highly heritable. Little is known about its genetic determinants. Methods: We studied 457 women from 207 sisterhoods (104 monozygotic twins, 182 dizygotic twins, and 171 singletons). Percentage mammographic density (PMD) as well as dense area and nondense area were calculated using a computer-assisted method. We measured six single nucleotide polymorphisms from six candidate genes (COMT, HSD3B1, IGFBP3, HER2, XPD, and XRCC3). Associations between genotypes and mammographic measures were tested (a) cross-sectionally using a multivariate normal model fitted using FISHER that allowed separate correlations for monozygotic, dizygotic, and nontwin pairs and (b) within sister pairs using paired t tests. Results: Cross-sectionally, each additional copy of the HSD3B1 Asn367Thr variant allele was associated with lower PMD (−3.47% per allele; SE = 1.65; P = 0.035). Within-pair regression estimates confirmed this association. There was no evidence for an association between the mammographic density measures and any of the other variants studied. Conclusion: We have replicated an association between a variant in the HSD3B1 gene and PMD, which suggests that HSD3B1 may be genetic determinant of mammographic density. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(7):1479–84)
Meaningful work and mental health: job satisfaction as a moderator

Abstract Background: Depression, anxiety and stress are common problems for modern workers. Although having meaningful work, or work that is significant, facilitates personal growth, and contributes to the greater good, has been linked to better mental health, people’s work might also need to be satisfying or enjoyable to improve outcomes. Aims: The purpose of the present study was to examine meaningful work’s relation to mental health (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress) and investigate job satisfaction as a moderator of this relation. Methods: The study hypotheses were tested with a large, diverse sample recruited from an online source. Results: Partially supporting hypotheses, when controlling for job satisfaction, meaningful work negatively correlated with depression but did not have a significant relation with anxiety and stress. Similarly, job satisfaction negatively predicted depression and stress. Furthermore, the relations between meaningful work and both anxiety and stress were moderated by job satisfaction. Specifically, only people perceiving their work as meaningful and satisfying reported less anxiety and stress. Conclusions: Although continued research is needed, employers and employees may have to target both the meaningfulness and job satisfaction to address the issues of stress and anxiety among working adults.
Some influential factors in the determination of aggressive behavior in preschool children.

In each society there is a clearly defined code by which parents are expected to rear their children. Children in American society are approved if they are friendly and dynamic in behavior; leadership is an accepted mark of success. Self-defense is fostered as a valuable skill, but initial attack is frowned upon and is frequently punished. This is particularly true if the attack is physical. Aggression is less acceptable in the behavior of girls than in that of boys, but among boys, aggressions are especially disapproved if they are directed against "the little fellow" or against girls. Within the social mores there is much individual variation and yet aggression is of general concern among parents and much adult effort is directed toward its control in the development of children. In this study preschool children from two American environments have been observed in standardized experimental situations in order to discover the possible relationships between factors of age, sex, gross environmental differences on the one hand and the frequency and types of aggressive behavior, the techniques of response to aggression on the other hand. In addition, case studies of individuals within each environment have been made in order to gain an understanding of the possible influences of personal experiences, needs and qualities in producing individual patterns of aggression which are distinguishable from those brought about by gross environmental circumstances and developmental trends.