Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The conceptual model of construction and real estate negotiation

Negotiations are common in many activities; the sectors of construction and real estate are not an exception: here the negotiations are an inseparable part of the real estate buying and selling process. The article analyses scientific research related to negotiations and presents the developed model for multiple criteria analysis of construction and real estate negotiations. The analysis of the negotiation processes in construction and real estate and the analysis of the relevant support for decision-making in negotiations must be thorough; it must consider not only economic but also political, legal, socio-cultural, psychological, consumer behaviour, technological, quality of life and other issues. The developed model enables to analyse the combination of the real estate negotiation process, the improvement of its efficiency through use of decision support and voice stress analysis technology and the participating stakeholder groups seeking their goals together with the influencing external macro and micro environment. The paper dwells on the components of this model.
Capital Mobility and Monetary Policy: An Overview

While the global economic environment has changed considerably from end-2011 to the present for advanced and emerging economies alike, the themes and policy issues addressed by these papers share a timeless dimension. Collectively, the studies that comprise this volume deal with various aspects of the causes, consequences, and policy challenges associated with the repeated boom-bust cycles that have characterized market economies throughout most of their history. The papers have a decided open-economy focus and connect the prosperity-crisis-depression cycle to international capital flows and their impact on domestic and external indebtedness, currency fluctuations, and the banking sector; their connection to global factors, such as international interest rates, commodity prices and crises or turbulence outside the national borders is explored. While the analysis is tilted towards emerging markets—particularly in Latin America, the relevance of these topics for mature economies has been made plain by the Global Financial Crisis.
Rule-Based Reasoning for Understanding Opportunity Evaluation

Much research on opportunity in entrepreneurship and related fields centers on the origin of opportunities and the actions individuals take to exploit opportunities. However, our understanding of how individuals evaluate opportunities remains fragmented, with research spanning fields of study and using different terminology for similar concepts. Building on recent research suggesting that rule-based reasoning underpins how individuals evaluate opportunities, we integrate and synthesize the literature on opportunity evaluation and suggest rule-based reasoning as an overarching theoretical framework to understand opportunity evaluation across fields of study. Specifically, we illuminate how environmental factors, opportunity-related cues, and individual differences coalesce as one uses these factors as judgment rules to discern the personal attractiveness of an opportunity. Further, we explain how managers and entrepreneurs individuate opportunities, demonstrating why different individuals apply different r.
Stock Market Liquidity and Information Asymmetry Around Voluntary Earnings Announcements: New Evidence from France

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine whether non-mandated earnings disclosures include value-relevant information and affect information asymmetry and stock market liquidity. Design/methodology/approach - The event study methodology explores the informational content of good, bad and neutral voluntary earnings disclosures. The OLS panel regression framework is, then, used to analyze information asymmetry and stock market liquidity subsequent to both categories of voluntary earnings disclosures (i.e. earnings forecasts and quarterly earnings disclosures). Findings - Empirical tests show that voluntary earnings disclosures include material information and that bad news is released in an untimely fashion leading to information leakage in the pre-announcement period. The results also indicate that quarterly earnings enhance stock market liquidity by shrinking bid-ask spreads. However, earnings forecasts exacerbate information asymmetry before and after the announcement date. This result confirms the existence of information leakage and suggests that managers have considerable discretion whether to make a forecast, and in deciding its timing, form, and specificity. Research limitations/implications - This paper examines stock market liquidity around voluntary earnings disclosures using effective spreads. Future research should examine other proxies for market liquidity, i.e. market depth. Practical implications - The results provide insights on the positive benefits of a disclosure policy. Companies have to provide investors with better and timely information in order to mitigate the information leakage risk and thus improve stock market liquidity. Originality/value - This paper provides new evidence about information content, information asymmetry and stock market liquidity around voluntary earnings disclosures in France. Unlike financial statements disclosures, quarterly earnings and earnings forecasts are isolated events that can be evaluated by the market with less noise.
Using Industry Classification Codes to Sample High-Technology Firms: Analysis and Recommendations

This study develops procedures for selecting and partitioning samples of high-technology firms for North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), Global Industry Classification System (GICS), and Standardized Industry Classification (SIC) codes. This study also assesses whether NAICS or GICS codes offer improvement over SIC codes as a methodology to identify high-technology firms, including Internet firms. SIC codes are predominantly used in accounting, information systems, business, and economics studies to select high-technology firms for analyses. However, recent studies such as Clarke (1989), Fan and Lang (2000), Ramnath (2001), and Bhojraj, Lee, and Oler (2003) have called into question the accuracy of using SIC codes for firm classification. Our study constructs a benchmark industry classification, constructed from analyses of detailed descriptions of firms' businesses from Description of Business and footnote disclosures (required in all 10-Ks and registration statements). Based on a comparison with our benchmark industry classification, we developed combinations of codes from each system that we recommend be used to construct samples of high-technology firms or specifically targeted high-technology industries. We conclude from our analyses that GICS codes offer improvement over SIC and NAICS codes for targeting technology firms.
Conservation and recreational values from semi-natural grasslands for visitors to two Italian parks

According to integrated natural resources management, interrelated resources have to be managed by maintaining their environmental quality, and visitors are stakeholders who have to be involved in natural park management decisions. In this paper we simultaneously examine the conservation and recreational values from grasslands for visitors to two Italian Regional Parks. A contingent valuation survey was carried out in 2007 for estimating non-use benefits to visitors from a grasslands conservation project in these parks. Two scenarios were considered: the present landscape composed of grasslands and forests, and a hypothetical scenario of forests without grasslands. Respondents were asked the quality rating of the parks as places for recreational activities, and their willingness to donate (WTD) per year to a project for maintaining the status quo. Results show that the majority of respondents give a high rating to these parks, are in favour of the project implementation, and willing to donate mainly for the benefit of future generations. Among the WTD determinants, by estimating a Tobit model and a two-stage model, giving a high quality rating to the park for recreational activities corresponds to a higher WTD for grassland conservation. This seems to suggest that the recreational motivation tends to coincide with the need to conserve habitats and biodiversity, and that the decision maker should pay specific attention to the maintenance of the quality of the recreational activities as well as the maintenance of a diversified landscape in these parks.
For the Reform of Mathematics Education in Kenyan Secondary Schools

Strengthening mathematics and science education at secondary level was declared in the Seventh National Development Plan of Kenya to establish industrialization and its sustainability. On the other hand, Japan declared “ the educational cooperation to African countries ” at the general meeting of UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) in April 1996. The declarations of both countries realized the fruition of SMASSE (1) project from July 1998 to June 2003. In line with Kenyan government policy, the SMASSE project was launched to enhance mathematics and science education by in-servicing secondary school teachers in the country with assistance of Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The project, therefore, conducted intensive baseline study in the very first year of operation in order to grasp the situation of mathematics and science education for its preparation. Among this study , the views on educational objectives and on teaching approaches were asked both to students and to teachers by means of multiple-choice questionnaires. The students ’ data on mathematics was mainly presented in this paper, which was arranged per grade in terms of preference in choices, because it describes the characteristics of Kenyan mathematics classroom effectively. This can be a first step towards comprehensive understanding of mathematics education in Kenya.
Capital Controls and International Capital Market Segmentation: The Evidence from the Japanese and American Stock Markets

This paper focuses on two countries, Japan and the United States, to test the integration of capital markets. In Japan, the enactment of the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law in December of 1980 amounted to a true regime switch that virtually eliminated capital controls. Using multifactor asset pricing models, the authors show that the price of risk in the U.S. and Japanese stock markets was different before, but not after, the liberalization. This evidence supports the view that governments are the source of international capital market segmentation. Copyright 1989 by American Finance Association.
Carry Trade Profitability Using Pegged Currency: A Case of the Qatari Riyal

Carry trade is an investment strategy in which investors borrow low-yield currency and invest it in a high-yield currency, hoping to profit from the interest-rate differential. Based on uncovered interest parity (UIP), carry trade should not work, but studies have shown that UIP does not hold. This failure has led to unprecedented returns for that strategy, outperforming the S&P 500 in terms of the Sharpe ratio. This paper examines the profitability in using pegged currency in such a strategy. While carry trade is performed largely with currencies that adapt floating exchange rate system, conducting such a strategy using pegged currency has proven to be very rewarding, especially when the strategy is enhanced with forecasting methods.
Why the Police Have an Effect on Violent Crime After All: Evidence from the British Crime Survey

We present evidence that the use of police statistics as a source of crime data can seriously bias empirical tests of the model of deterrence. We use data for 21 areas in England and Wales in 2001–8. In addition to police-recorded crime data, we use victim-reported crime data from the British Crime Survey that are unaffected by changes in public reporting of crime and police recording of crime. We find that the estimated effect of the number of police on recorded and victim-reported crime is similar for property crime but different for violent crime. Our findings suggest that higher numbers of police not only reduce crime rates but also increase the share of crime, and in particular violent crime, that finds its way into police statistics. The resulting estimation bias is found to be large.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN PADA KECEPATAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN TAHUNAN

Time of financial reporting is useful for users to maximize utility. The purpose of study is to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, solvency, and earnings per share at the speed of publication of annual financial statements. Numbers of samples analyzed are 366 samples of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for three years. The sampling method used nonprobability with saturated sample technique. A multiple linear regression is analysis technique. The results were the profitability has a negative effect on the time of annual financial reporting. Meanwhile liquidity, solvency and earnings per share have no significant association with the time of annual financial reporting. High and low liquidity ratios, solvency, and earnings per share doesn’t lead to faster company publishes its annual financial statements.
Treatment of soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and adolescence: A report of the german cooperative soft tissue sarcoma study

Background. In the first German soft tissue sarcoma (STS) study, CWS‐81, 344 patients younger than 19 years of age who had previously untreated soft tissue sarcoma were studied. For this analysis, there were 218 patients with chemosensitive STS (Group A: rhabdomyosarcoma [RMS], synovial sarcoma, extraosseous Ewing sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, and malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumor) who could be studied for a minimum potential follow‐up time of 6 years.
Expression of arg genes of Escherichia coli during arginine limitation dependent upon stringent control of translation

The transcription and translation of operons for arginine biosynthetic enzymes after arginine removal (arginine down shift) were studied in relA and relA+ strains of Escherichia coli. After arginine down shift, derepression of synthesis of the arginine biosynthetic enzymes ornithine carbamoyltransferase (argF) and argininosuccinate lyase (argH) began at about 15 min in relA+ cells but was delayed in relA cells for more than 2 h. However, both relA+ and relA cells accumulated high levels of argCBH mRNA, as shown by dot blot hybridization, after arginine down shift. After 15 min of arginine limitation, the proportion of ribosome-bound argCBH mRNA was equivalent in both relA+ and relA cells. During the 15 min after the arginine down shift, relA+ cells produced a significant burst of argF and argH enzyme synthesis when arginine was added back to the culture, whereas relA cells did not produce this burst of enzyme synthesis. The relA cells regained the ability to produce a burst of argF and argH enzyme synthesis when alpha-methylglucose-induced glucose starvation was combined with arginine limitation. Significant guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate accumulated in relA cells under this condition. Our results support the view that during periods of severe amino acid limitation guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate acts in some way to ensure the translation of argCBH mRNA.
Analysis of 3D construction of tight fit clothing based on parametric and scanned body models

The contribution presents the study related to the use of parametric and 3D scanned computer body models for designing and constructing the skin-tight garments. A number of methods and systems have already been developed that allow an efficient 3D design of garment patterns in a virtual environment using the computer-based body models. Such systems usually offer solutions for creating the models of garments to be manufactured from elastic materials, which come close to the body. Here, the designer designs the garment and also constructs a 3D model of the garment on the surface of the virtual model of the body. After finishing the computer design of the surfaces that simulate 3D patterns, the transformation of three-dimensional to two-dimensional patterns is performed. As a prototype of the garment, on which the study was conducted, the model of a wet diving suit was chosen. Using the 3D simulation method on the parametric and scanned body model, we have analysed the fit of designed prototypes in static and dynamic body postures.
Secondary schools graduates' attitude towards textbooks for vocational education

The aim of the study is to evaluate the current condition of textbooks for pupils of secondary vocational schools and high schools within their technical education. We have focused on the contextual and didactical view of the textbooks as well as working with them and their structure. The survey was realised via an expert method and the survey sample was represented by first-year university students of the Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovakia. The survey was realised as a part of KEGA Project 026STU-4/2011: ‘Quality Assessment Model of Vocational Education and Training at Secondary Vocational Schools in Slovakia’. Key words: Electrotechnics, textbook, evaluation, analysis, questionnaire.
The influence of institutional investors on opportunistic earnings management

Recent debates on institutional investors and their impact on corporate managers' accounting decisions have especially centred on the effectiveness of their monitoring role. Previous studies have reported mixed results on this question. This paper empirically examines the influence of institutional investors on earnings management in France. The results show that these investors can move corporate managers away from using discretionary accruals to adjust reported earnings. However, this influence is not systematic. It appears to be released only when managers are noticeably motivated to increase or reduce reported earnings. Otherwise, no statistically significant effect is observed.
The Determinants of Homeownership Affordability among the ‘Sandwich Class’: Empirical Findings from Guangzhou, China

The ‘sandwich class’ is an East Asian term referring to the lower middle class. Using a large and unique micro dataset collected in Guangzhou, this paper examines empirically the potential determinants of housing affordability of the ‘sandwich class’. It is found that an individual’s self-perceived range of housing options is dependent not only on his/her current and predictable economic and financial resources, but also on his/her occupation and socio-demographic characteristics. The empirical findings are found to be robust against potential endogeneity problems and not sensitive to the regression specifications used. The empirical findings reported here help to deepen our understanding of the homeownership affordability determinants of the lower middle class in emerging economies characterised by an underdeveloped housing system.
Independent inventors and inbound open innovation: using a resource-based approach to create a tool for screening inventor approaches in order to facilitate technology in-licensing

Open innovation literature identifies independent inventors as a source of novel external knowledge. This knowledge may be licensed into an organisation in order to supplement internal R&D activity, typically as part of an inbound open innovation strategy. In opening an organisation up to approaches from individuals the capacity of the core team to identify promising licensing opportunities is diminished by the sheer volume and variable quality of approaches received. Based on a survey of 202 UK independent inventors this paper utilises a resource-based approach to identify the key resources possessed by successful independent inventors. Using this data, we devise a preliminary screening tool to facilitate technology in-licensing from independent inventors.
Crude Oil Price Determinants

Based on monthly observations, I specify an econometric model capturing the driving forces behind the crude oil price series in recent years. A large set of covariates, such as supply and demand variables as well as futures market variables, is used to test the impact on the crude oil price. Current price movements are a result of scarce refining capacity and speculators betting on higher prices. The results also question OPEC’s market power.
A framework to review Performance Prism

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an exclusive review framework for the Performance Prism.Design/methodology/approach – An extensive literature survey on performance measurement is used to identify the main aspects of the review in such systems. Various dimensions related to the characteristics of Performance Prism are explored. All the findings are then rationally put together to develop the proposed conceptual framework.Findings – The paper presents a conceptual model to review performance measurement systems (PMS) which are designed based on Performance Prism. The presented framework categorizes review processes and tools into two main categories; Business Performance Review (BPRw) and Performance Measurement System Review (PMSR). In BPRw, a loop is presented in three levels – with regards to the five facets of Performance Prism – which indicates the performance management process. PMSR deals with reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of the design and implementation of the PMS its.
Price Discovery in the Foreign Currency Futures and Spot Market

One of the perennial questions in derivatives research is how the derivatives market interacts with the market for its underlying instrument. Is the underlying dominant and its associated futures market just a satellite that follows along behind? Or does trading in the futures market push prices in the underlying around, maybe even driving both markets away from equilibrium at times? In this article, the authors examine the question of cash-futures interaction in foreign currency futures. Currency futures traded at the International Monetary Market division of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange have long been quite active, although still much smaller than the cash market. The relationship between intraday exchange rate movements in cash and futures is examined during 1996 and 2006. Interestingly, in 1996, futures price changes mostly led those in the cash market; while in 2006, the direction of influence was largely reversed. The authors believe this change primarily reflects increased transparency of the cash FX market.