Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional Impairment and Occupational Outcome in Adults With ADHD

Objective: ADHD is associated with poor functional outcomes. The objectives were to investigate the prevalence of functional impairment and occupational status in a clinically referred sample of adults with ADHD and explore factors predicting occupational outcome. Method: A sample of 149 adults with a confirmed diagnosis of ADHD participated in the present study. Cross-sectional data were collected from the participant’s medical records and from self-report questionnaires. A multiple regression model was applied to identify possible predictors of occupational outcome. Results: Only 22.2% had ordinary work as their source of income, compared with 72% in the general population. The most prevalent comorbid disorders were lifetime depression (37.8%), substance abuse (28.1%), and alcohol abuse (23.3%). Age at first treatment with central stimulants and inattentiveness negatively predicted occupational outcome. Conclusion: Adult ADHD was associated with lower educational attainment and lower level of employment. Later age of first central stimulant treatment and higher inattentiveness ratings were associated with lower level of employment.
The colonization of Europe by the freshwater crustacean Asellus aquaticus (Crustacea: Isopoda) proceeded from ancient refugia and was directed by habitat connectivity

Recent continental‐scale phylogeographic studies have demonstrated that not all freshwater fauna colonized Europe from the classic Mediterranean peninsular refugia, and that northern or central parts of the continent were occupied before, and remained inhabited throughout the Pleistocene. The colonization history of the ubiquitous aquatic isopod crustacean Asellus aquaticus was assessed using mitochondrial COI and a variable part of nuclear 28S rDNA sequences. Phylogeographic analysis of the former suggested that dispersion proceeded possibly during late Miocene from the western part of the Pannonian basin. Several areas colonized from here have served as secondary refugia and/or origins of dispersion, well before the beginning of the Pleistocene. Postglacial large‐scale range expansion was coupled with numerous separate local dispersions from different refugial areas. Connectivity of the freshwater habitat has played an important role in shaping the current distribution of genetic diversity, which was highest in large rivers. The importance of hydrographic connections for the maintenance of genetic contact was underscored by a discordant pattern of mtDNA and nuclear rDNA differentiation. Individuals from all over Europe, differing in their mtDNA to a level normally found between species or even genera (maximal within population nucleotide divergence reached 0.16 ± 0.018), shared the same 28S rRNA gene sequence. Only populations from hydrographically isolated karst water systems in the northwestern Dinaric Karst had distinct 28S sequences. Here isolation seemed to be strong enough to prevent homogenization of the rRNA gene family, whereas across the rest of Europe genetic contact was sufficient for concerted evolution to act.
A genotoxic analysis of the hematopoietic system after mobile phone type radiation exposure in rats

Abstract Purpose: In our earlier study we reported that 900 MHz continuous wave (CW) radiofrequency radiation (RFR) exposure (2 W/kg specific absorption rate [SAR]) had no significant effect on the hematopoietic system of rats. In this paper we extend the scope of the previous study by testing for possible effects at: (i) different SAR levels; (ii) both 900 and 1800 MHz, and; (iii) both CW and pulse modulated (PM) RFR. Materials and methods: Excised long bones from rats were placed in medium and RFR exposed in (i) a Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) cell or (ii) a waveguide. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical analyses were used to estimate forward power needed to produce nominal SAR levels of 2/10 and 2.5/12.4 W/kg in the bone marrow. After exposure, the lymphoblasts were extracted and assayed for proliferation rate, and genotoxicity. Results: Our data did not indicate any significant change in these end points for any combination of CW/PM exposure at 900/1800 MHz at SAR levels of nominally 2/10 W/kg or 2.5/12.4 W/kg. Conclusions: No significant changes were observed in the hematopoietic system of rats after the exposure of CW/PM wave 900 MHz/1800 MHz RF radiations at different SAR values.
Global analysis of proteins synthesized during phosphorus restriction in Escherichia coli

The pattern of proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli during steady-state growth in media with ample inorganic phosphate (Pi), upon limitation for Pi (without an alternative phosphorous compound), and during steady-state growth in media containing phosphonate (PHN) as the sole P source was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Of 816 proteins monitored in these experiments, all those with differential synthesis rates greater than 2.0 or less than 0.5 upon phosphate limitation (P limitation) or during growth on PHN compared with their rates in the cultures with Pi were classified as belonging to the PL or PHN stimulon, respectively. The PL stimulon included 413 proteins, 208 showing induced synthesis and 205 showing repressed synthesis. The PHN stimulon was smaller: it included 257 proteins; 227 showed induced synthesis and 30 showed repressed synthesis. The overlap of the two stimulons included 137 proteins: most (118) were ones showing induced synthesis. The promoter regions of genes for several of the proteins with induced or repressed synthesis contained sequences which resembled the consensus sequence for PhoB binding. The aggregate mass of proteins responding to P limitation or growth on PHN was 30 to 40% of the cells' total mass. By comparing the proteins responding to P limitation with those responding to growth on PHN, one can speculate which proteins are likely involved in adapting cells to new P sources or in preparing cells to survive stationary phase.
EVIDENCE FOR AN ULTRAVIOLET SUNSCREEN ROLE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR PIGMENT SCYTONEMIN IN THE TERRESTRIAL CYANOBACTERIUM Chiorogloeopsis sp.

Abstract— The proposed photoprotective role of the UV‐A absorbing, extracellular pigment scytonemin was studied in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Chlorogloeopsis sp. strain O‐89‐Cgs(1). UV‐A (315–400 nm) caused growth delay, cell growth restarting only when scytonemin had accumulated in the extracellular envelopes. Cultures with scytonemin were more resistant to photoinhibition of photosynthesis than cultures without scytonemin, the differential resistance being much greater to UV‐A‐caused photoinhibition than to photoinhibition caused by visible light. The presence of scytonemin in the extracellular envelopes was correlated with the inability of UV‐A radiation to induce strong photopigment fluorescence (685 nm emission), regardless of the specific content os photosynthetic pigments. The physical removal of the scytonemin containing extracellular envelopes brought about the loss of UV‐A resistance as measured by photobleaching rates of chlorophyll a under conditions of physiological inactivity (desiccation). These observations provide strong evidence for the proposed protective role of scytonemin, as a passive UV‐A sunscreen, in cyanobacteria.
Identification of a Streptococcus pneumoniae Gene Locus Encoding Proteins of an ABC Phosphate Transporter and a Two-Component Regulatory System

ABSTRACT The Escherichia coli Pst system belongs to the family of ABC transporters. It is part of a phosphate (PHO) regulon which is regulated by extracellular phosphate. Under conditions of phosphate limitation, the response regulator PhoB is phosphorylated by the histidine kinase PhoR and binds to promoters that share a consensus PHO box. Under conditions of phosphate excess, PhoR, Pst, and PhoU downregulate the PHO regulon. Screening of a library of pneumococcal mutants with defects in exported proteins revealed a putative two-component regulatory system, PnpR-PnpS, and a downstream ABC transporter, similar to the Pst system in E. coli including a gene encoding a PhoU protein. Similar to E. coli, mutagenesis of the ATP-binding cassette gene, pstB, resulted in decreased uptake of phosphate. The effects of the loss of the pneumococcal Pst system extended to decreased transformation and lysis. Withdrawal of phosphate led to transformation deficiency in the parent strain R6x but not to penicillin tolerance, suggesting that reduced bacterial death was independent of phosphate. None of these phenotypes was observed in the pneumococcal loss-of-function mutantphoU. By using a lacZ reporter construct, it was demonstrated that expression of the two-component regulatory system PnpR-PnpS was not influenced by different concentrations of phosphate. These results suggest a more complex role of the Pst system in pneumococcal physiology than in that of E. coli.
Yield, physicochemical traits, antioxidant pattern, polyphenol oxidase activity and total visual quality of field-grown processing tomato cv. Brigade as affected by water stress in Mediterranean climate.

BACKGROUND The 'processing tomato' is an important source of natural antioxidants whose concentration depends, along with other parameters, on water availability. In order to better understand the mechanisms that regulate the response to water stress, a study was carried out in a typically semi-arid Mediterranean environment to investigate the yield, chemical composition and visual quality of tomato cv. 'Brigade' field grown under no irrigation (V0) in comparison with those of the conventional fully irrigated crop (V100). RESULTS The stressful conditions of V0 affected the total yield. Nevertheless, fruits exhibited an increase in firmness (+27%), total solids (+23%) and total soluble solids (+5%). The dynamic balance between the antioxidant pattern and polyphenol oxidase activity under water stress conditions resulted in fruits with increased antioxidant activity (+12%), due to a decline in enzyme activity (-48%) and a rise in vitamin C (+20%) and total phenolic (+13%) contents. CONCLUSION It is possible to manage water stress by applying water-saving irrigation strategies in order to promote the quality and nutritional properties of tomatoes while also contributing to saving water. This is a relevant aspect in processing tomato cultivation in semi-arid environments, where both the cost and availability of irrigation water represent a rising problem in agricultural activities.
Mineral composition of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) seeds as a tool for oil yield prognosis

The key objective of winter oilseed rape cultivation, resulting from its broad spectrum of uses, is to harvest maximum yield of oil. It has been formulated a hypothesis, which assumed that mineral composition of seeds allows a reliable prediction of both crude oil concentration (COC), and yield of oil (YOI). This concept has been validated in three 2007/08, 2008/09, 2009/10 seasons. The field experimental design was composed of six fertilizing treatments: absolute control (AC), NP, NPK, NPKMgS1 (1/3 total MgS rate applied in spring), NPKMgS2, (total MgS rate applied in autumn), NPKMgS3 (2/3 - autumn, 1/3 - spring). The COC depended on both factors, but any interactional effect was found. The YOI was a result of interaction of both factors, reaching the highest value of 2.6 t*ha-1 in 2008 in the plot fertilized with NPKMgS2. The COC was a result of positive impact of calcium and negative by both nitrogen, and magnesium. The YOI was the best predicted by calcium concentration. It has been found that any calcium concentration increase above 3.0 g*kg-1 DM resulted in decrease of the crude oil yield. The prediction of both oil characteristics was more reliable based on nutrient accumulation in seeds. As again magnesium was the key predictor of COC, exerting a negative impact on this characteristic. The optimum set of YOI predictors was depended on the group of treatments. In all considered treatments, the YOI was affected by the interactional effect of phosphorus (negative), and potassium (positive). In the set of treatments, composed of NPK and its variants with MgS rates, the YOI was depended on the amount nitrogen and zinc in seeds. The first nutrient affected positively and the second negatively the yield of crude oil.
Human Colorectal Cancers Express a Constitutively Active Cholecystokinin-B/Gastrin Receptor That Stimulates Cell Growth*

Although ectopic expression of the cholecystokinin B/gastrin receptor (CCK-BR) is widely reported in human colorectal cancers, its role in mediating the proliferative effects of gastrin1–17 (G-17) on these cancers is unknown. Here we report the isolation of a novel splice variant of CCK-BR that exhibits constitutive (ligand-independent) activation of pathways regulating intracellular free Ca2+([Ca2+] i ) and cell growth. The splice variant (designated CCK-BRi4sv for intron 4-containing splice variant) is expressed in colorectal cancers but not in normal colonic mucosa adjacent to the cancer. Balb3T3 cells expressing CCK-BRi4sv exhibited spontaneous, ligand-independent, oscillatory increases in [Ca2+] i , whereas cells expressing wild-type CCK-BR did not. Primary cultures of cells isolated from resected colorectal cancers also exhibited a similar pattern of spontaneous [Ca2+] i oscillations. For both Balb3T3 and primary tumor cells, application of G-17 (10 and 200 nm, respectively) caused an increase in [Ca2+] i . Selective CCK-BR antagonists blocked the G-17-stimulated Ca2+ responses but not the spontaneous [Ca2+] i oscillations. Cells expressing CCK-BRi4sv exhibited an increased growth rate (∼2.5-fold), in the absence of G-17, compared with cells expressing wild-type CCK-BR. The selective pattern of expression, constitutive activity, and trophic action associated with CCK-BRi4sv suggest that this variant may regulate colorectal cancer cell proliferation though a gastrin-independent mechanism.
A Three-Year Clinical Study On Immunogenicity, Safety, and Booster Response of Purified Chick Embryo Cell Rabies Vaccine Administered Intramuscularly or Intradermally to 12- to 18-Month-Old Thai Children, Concomitantly With Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine

After concomitant administration of purified chick embryo cell rabies vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine to toddlers, adequate rabies and Japanese encephalitis virus neutralizing antibodies concentrations were demonstrated by day 49, 7 days after a booster at 1 year, and in the majorly at 3 years postvaccination. The inclusion of rabies vaccine in the expanded program on immunization should be considered in rabies endemic countries.
Methionine and Serine Synergistically Suppress Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Choline Deficiency, but Not by Guanidinoacetic Acid, in Rats Fed a Low Casein Diet

The effects of dietary supplementation with 0.5% methionine, 2.5% serine, or both on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by deprivation of dietary choline or by dietary addition of 0.5% guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) were investigated in rats fed a 10% casein diet. Hyperhomocysteinemia induced by choline deprivation was not suppressed by methionine alone and was only partially suppressed by serine alone, whereas it was completely suppressed by a combination of methionine and serine, suggesting a synergistic effect of methionine and serine. Fatty liver was also completely prevented by the combination of methionine and serine. Compared with methionine alone, the combination of methionine and serine decreased hepatic S-adenosylhomocysteine and homocysteine concentrations and increased hepatic betaine and serine concentrations and betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity. GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia was partially suppressed by methionine alone, but no interacting effect of methionine and serine was detected. In contrast, GAA-induced fatty liver was completely prevented by the combination of methionine and serine. These results indicate that a combination of methionine and serine is effective in suppressing both hyperhomocysteinemia and fatty liver induced by choline deprivation, and that methionine alone is effective in suppressing GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia partially.
Elevated levels of high mobility group box chromosomal protein-1 (HMGB-1) in sera from patients with severe bacterial pneumonia coinfected with influenza virus

Plasma levels of high mobility group box chromosomal protein-1 (HMGB-1), as well as of other inflammatory molecules such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), were determined in patients with bacterial pneumonia coinfected with influenza virus. HMGB-1 levels were significantly elevated in these patients compared to patients undergoing mild bacterial pneumonia alone (p<0.01). Among cases of coinfection, we found a significant correlation between the concentration of HMGB-1 and white blood cell counts (p<0.05, r=0.612). Levels of IL-6 were also higher in these patients than in patients with bacterial pneumonia alone (p<0.05), despite similar levels of RANTES and sICAM-1 in the 2 groups. These data suggest that HMGB-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of severe bacterial pneumonia coinfected with influenza virus.
The "Doodles" in Context: Qualifying Claims about Contrastive Rhetoric

The education of composition teachers, tutors, and researchers about culturally influenced rhetorical differences in writing, or contrastive rhetoric, is usually limited, often consisting of brief explanations of Robert Kaplan's 1966 diagrams purporting to represent the rhetorics of five cultural traditions: Oriental, English, Semitic, Russian, and Romance. Frequently reprinted in teacher-training sources, the diagrams are only briefly and unproblematically explained in his own controversial terms (e.g., "the Oriental writer" and "Oriental rhetoric") as if they depicted the Truth about five complex rhetorical traditions. For example, the five drawings discussed in Kaplan's vocabulary appear in a sevenpage section entitled "Cultural Differences" in Muriel Harris' Teaching One-to-One: The Writing Conference, the guidebook for many writing center tutor-training programs. These models have been assumed factual and further disseminated at numerous presentation at writing center conferences (Xia Wang and Liu Yue; James Robinson, et al.). The increasing number of writing center publications and conference sessions on English-as-a-Second-Language issues such as contrastive rhetoric reflects the increasing number of international students using and working in writing centers. It is important that international students be approached by tutors with a stance that acknowledges the complexities of the rhetorics of different languages and cultures. The five drawings depicting five different rhetorics first appeared in "Cultural Thought Patterns in Intercultural Education," nicknamed "the doodles article" (Kaplan "Revisited" 9). By no means are they wholly erroneous; there is indeed some validity to the depictions of English rhetoric
Nuclear Translocation of Cleaved LyGDI Dissociated from Rho and Rac during Trp53-Dependent Ionizing Radiation-Induced Apoptosis of Thymus Cells In Vitro

Abstract Zhou, X. , Suto, S. , Ota, T. and Tatsuka, M. Nuclear Translocation of Cleaved LyGDI Dissociated from Rho and Rac during Trp53-Dependent Ionizing Radiation-Induced Apoptosis of Thymus Cells In Vitro. Radiat. Res. 162, 287–295 (2004). LyGDI inhibits the dissociation of GDP from Rho family GTPases and is found in abundance in hematopoietic cells. Here we report truncation of LyGDI after irradiation in mouse 3SB thymus cells. A 21-kDa fragment of LyGDI, resulting from activated caspase 3-induced cleavage at an N-terminal consensus site following the Asp18 residue, accumulated at peak quantities between 5 and 12 h after irradiation. Cleavage of LyGDI was inhibited by the caspase inhibitor benzoyloxycarbonyl-Val-Asp-fluoromethylketone. Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence revealed the truncated 21-kDa fragment of LyGDI within the nuclear fraction of irradiated 3SB cells, whereas full-length LyGDI was found only in the cytoplasmic fraction. Truncated LyGDI within the nucleus had no association with the Rho family proteins RhoA and Rac1, since these proteins were observed only in the cytoplasmic fractions. These data demonstrate that regulation of Rho family GTPases by LyGDI is disrupted during apoptosis, suggesting that fragmentation of LyGDI implicates the transmission of a signal from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during Trp53-dependent apoptosis of thymus cells after irradiation.
Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair in patients with the highest risk and in-hospital mortality in the United States.

BACKGROUND A randomized clinical trial from the United Kingdom (EVAR trial 2) comparing endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) with no intervention found no advantage for EVAR in patients with high risk. This finding was predominantly caused by the substantial in-hospital mortality after EVAR (9%). HYPOTHESIS The nationwide in-hospital mortality for patients with the highest risk undergoing EVAR in the United States is lower than that reported in EVAR trial 2. DESIGN Population-based, cross-sectional study. SETTING The 2001-2004 Nationwide Inpatient Sample. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Nationwide Inpatient Sample identified EVAR procedures for nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. Risk stratification was based on comorbidities and the Charlson comorbidity index, a validated predictor of in-hospital mortality after abdominal aortic aneurysms repairs. Weighted univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between comorbidity measures and risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality. RESULTS During the 4-year period, 65 502 EVARs were performed with an in-hospital mortality of 2.2%. Risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality rates ranged from 1.2% to 3.7%. Stratified analyses, including only elective EVAR procedures, revealed that in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with the most severe comorbidities (1.7%) vs those with lower comorbidity (0.4%; P<.001). Patients with high risk had only a 1.6-fold increased risk of adjusted in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.2) compared with patients with low risk. CONCLUSIONS The EVAR procedure is currently being performed in the United States with low in-hospital mortality, even in patients with the highest risk. Therefore, EVAR should not be denied to high-risk patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms in the United States on the basis of the level I evidence from the United Kingdom study.