Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vicious and Virtuous Circles in the Management of Knowledge: The Case of Infosys Technologies

We adopt a systems perspective to explore the challenges that organizations face in harnessing knowledge. Such a perspective draws attention to mutually causal processes that have the potential to generate both vicious and virtuous circles. Based on a longitudinal study at Infosys Technologies, we conclude that knowledge management involves more than just the sponsorship of initiatives at and across different organizational levels. It also involves an active process of steering around and out of vicious circles that will inevitably emerge.
Between the Worlds. Rock Art, Landscape and Shamanism in Subneolithic Finland

The Finnish rock paintings, dated to ca. 5000–1500 cal. BC, form a significant but so far relatively poorly known body of rock art in Northern Europe. The paintings are made with red ochre on steep cliffs rising at lakeshores and typically feature images of elks, men, boats, handprints and geometric designs. Traditional interpretations associate the art with shamanism. This interpretation, it is argued, finds additional support from the presence of a group of images that appear to portray experiences of metamorphosis, of falling in trance and of summoning zoomorphic spirit helper beings. Moreover, the location of the paintings can similarly be viewed in the light of a shamanistic cosmology. Ethnographic analogies are sought in aspects of Saami shamanism and the cult of the sieidi, rock formations worshipped as expressing a supernatural power.
Cytoskeletal Protein Transformation in HIV-1-Infected Macrophage Giant Cells1

The mechanisms linking HIV-1 replication, macrophage biology, and multinucleated giant cell formation are incompletely understood. With the advent of functional proteomics, the characterization, regulation, and transformation of HIV-1-infected macrophage-secreted proteins can be ascertained. To these ends, we performed proteomic analyses of culture fluids derived from HIV-1 infected monocyte-derived macrophages. Robust reorganization, phosphorylation, and exosomal secretion of the cytoskeletal proteins profilin 1 and actin were observed in conjunction with productive viral replication and giant cell formation. Actin and profilin 1 recruitment to the macrophage plasma membrane paralleled virus-induced cytopathicity, podosome formation, and cellular fusion. Poly-l-proline, an inhibitor of profilin 1-mediated actin polymerization, inhibited cytoskeletal transformations and suppressed, in part, progeny virion production. These data support the idea that actin and profilin 1 rearrangement along with exosomal secretion affect viral replication and cytopathicity. Such events favor the virus over the host cell and provide insights into macrophage defense mechanisms used to contain viral growth and how they may be affected during progressive HIV-1 infection.
Performance of direct-sequence spread spectrum multi-h CPM in indoor mobile radio systems

The increasing number of users of mobile communication systems and the corresponding need for increased capacity show the importance of using a modulation scheme both power and spectrally efficient. In this paper, multi-h continuous-phase modulation (CPM) is combined with a direct-sequence spread spectrum system and its performance is assessed in several indoor environments (line-of-sight (LOS), non-LOS and factories). This study is performed for two different multi-h codes considering a coherent receiver structure which is optimum for AWGN. Results show that multi-h CPM can achieve a good performance when used in indoor environments for relatively high bit rates but specially for factories the use of diversity techniques, further coding or interleaving will be needed to achieve a given BER for realistic values of E/sub b//N/sub o/. <<ETX>>
[Blastocystis hominis: a common commensal in the colon. Study of prevalence in different populations of Paris].

OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in different population categories in Paris, including immunodepressed subjects. METHODS Stool examinations were performed for 7,677 patients to determine the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis. RESULTS Prevalence varied according to the population group: subjects free of any digestive tract disorders 17.4%; adults with digestive tract disorders 19.8% (this level was independent of digestive tract motility and of ethnic origin); children 13.8% (p < 0.01). In HIV-positive patients, the prevalence in immunocompetent patients was 19.6% compared with 15 to 16% in patients with AIDS (difference non significant). Blastocystis hominis was shown to be non-contagious in children and was not found to be sexually transmitted in homosexual men. CONCLUSION Generally, Blastocystis hominis infection resolves spontaneous before any manifestation of the protozoa. This common parasite is a commensal germ of the intestinal tract, even in subjects free of gastro-intestinal manifestations, and does not usually require prescription of an antibiotic. In exceptional cases with rapid proliferation, treatment can be proposed with nitroimidazol, particularly for certain strains with an abnormal variability.
Maturation of Succinic Dehydrogenase and Cytochrome Oxidase in Neonatal Rat Kidney

Summary Succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase undergo maturation in respect to distribution and staining intensity in the neonatal kidney of the rat. Recognition of this event provides cytochemical evidence of functional immaturity in the neonatal kidney. Proteinuria or altered tubular reabsorption of protein was not observed in newborns of this species.
The Availability of Quality Standards of e-Learning at Mutah University from the Point of View of Faculties

This study aimed at investigating the availability of quality standard for e- Learning at Mutah University in Jordan from the point of view of faculties. The study sample (120) faculty members of the scientific and humanities colleges were randomly selected (26%) of the population of the study. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was designed of (25) items, which were distributed to three domains (input quality of products and services for e-learning , quality processes and practices in the services and products of e-learning , output quality of products and services e-learning). With overall reliability coefficient of the tool (0.81). The data collected was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Studies SPSS. The results revealed that faculties estimates the availability of quality standards for elearning at Mutah University as available with low degree, and showed a statistically significant differences (a = 0.05) between the average faculty members in their estimates of the availability of quality standards of e-learning for the benefit of scientific colleges, there is no statistically significant differences in estimated rates attributed to the variable academic rank and experience. Based on the results of the study, the researchers recommended the adoption of e-learning quality standards at the university, and directing efforts to promote a culture of quality in elearning among faculties and students at the university.
Human papillomavirus infection in a population‐based sample of women in Algiers, Algeria

No data exist on the population prevalence of, nor risk factors for, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the predominantly Muslim countries of Northern Africa. Cervical specimens were obtained from 759 married women aged 15–65 years from the general population of Algiers, Algeria. Liquid‐based cytology and HPV DNA detection, using a GP5+/6+‐based polymerase chain reaction assay that detects 44 HPV types, were performed according to the standardized protocol of the International Agency for Research on Cancer HPV Prevalence Surveys. HPV prevalence in the general population was 6.3% (4.0% of high‐risk types), with no significant variation by age. The prevalence of cervical abnormalities was 3.6%. HPV positivity was significantly higher among divorced women, women in polygamous marriages and those reporting husband's extramarital sexual relationships. HPV16/18 accounted for only 15% of HPV‐positive women in the general population, compared with 77% of invasive cervical cancer diagnosed in the same city. In conclusion, we report that HPV infection among married women in Algeria is much lower than in sub‐Saharan Africa and also lower than in the majority of high‐resource countries.
Fair resource sharing for cooperative relay networks using nash bargaining solutions

This letter considers the problem of resource sharing between two selfish nodes in cooperative relay networks. In our system, each node can act as a source as well as a potential relay, and both nodes are willing to achieve an optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increase by adjusting their power levels for cooperative relaying. We formulate this problem as a two-person bargaining game, and use the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) to achieve a win-win strategy for both nodes. Simulation results indicate the NBS resource sharing is fair in that the degree of cooperation of a node only depends on how much contribution its partner can make to its SNR increase.
Developing useful highly active antiretroviral therapy adherence measures for India: the Prerana study.

This letter to the editor focuses on a study that was designed to address the impact of adherence on viral load the predictive validity of combined measures and the relationship between multiple adherence measures. The study addresses this gap by assessing the relationship between multiple self-reported adherence measures and HIV viral suppression in a longitudinal cohort of HIV-infected patients in Bangalore India.
Simultaneous analysis of four sulfonamides in chicken muscle tissue by HPLC

The aim of this study was to develop a simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection method for the determination of four sulfonamides in chicken muscle tissue. The sulfonamides were extracted with acetonitrile, acetone and dichloromethane. Separation was carried out on a C18 column using as the mobile phase a mixture of 6‰ disodium hydrogen phosphate and methanol. The analytes were detected by UV in one run. Calibration curves were linear with very good correlation coefficients for concentration ranging from 30 to 150 µg kg−1. The limits of detection (LOD) for sulfonamides ranged from 6.5 to 0.14 µg kg−1. The recovery for spiked chicken muscle with 50–150 µg kg−1 was more than 70%. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the sulfonamides for six measurements at 50, 100 and 150 µg kg−1 were less than 15%. These parameters met the European Union criteria for method validation. The results were confirmed by LC-MS/MS using multiple reaction monitoring as the operating mode. Confirmation required the retention times of the analytes to be within ±2.5% of the retention times of the standards, the presence of the parent ion and two characteristic fragment ions (product ions) per analyte, as well as the relative ion abundance ratios of the fragment ions corresponding to ratios obtained for the standards, within permitted limits. The transition of two common product ions at m/z 155.7 and 107.5 were monitored for all sulfonamides. Each of the analytes, in all tested samples, met the confirmation criteria. Thus, the applicability of the HPLC-UV method for routine analysis of chicken muscle tissue was demonstrated.
Emergent macrophytes modify the abundance and community composition of ammonia oxidizers in their rhizosphere sediments

Ammonia oxidation is a crucial process in global nitrogen cycling, which is catalyzed by the ammonia oxidizers. Emergent plants play important roles in the freshwater ecosystem. Therefore, it is meaningful to investigate the effects of emergent macrophytes on the abundance and community composition of ammonia oxidizers. In the present study, two commonly found emergent macrophytes (Zizania caduciflora and Phragmitas communis) were obtained from freshwater lakes and the abundance and community composition of the ammonia‐oxidizing prokaryotes in the rhizosphere sediments of these emergent macrophytes were investigated. The abundance of the bacterial amoA gene was higher in the rhizosphere sediments of the emergent macrophytes than those of bulk sediments. Significant positive correlation was found between the potential nitrification rates (PNRs) and the abundance of bacterial amoA gene, suggesting that ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) might play an important role in the nitrification process of the rhizosphere sediments of emergent macrophytes. The Nitrosotalea cluster is the dominant ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) group in all the sediment samples. Analysis of AOB group showed that the N. europaeal cluster dominated the rhizosphere sediments of Z. caduciflora and the bulk sediments, whereas the Nitrosospira cluster was the dominant AOB group in the rhizosphere sediments of P. communis.
ANALYSE DE DONNEES DE PRECIPITATIONS PAR APPROCHE MARKOVIENNE

Dans cet article, nous presentons une technique d'analyse des precipitations dans le nord de l'Algerie par un modele markovien. Pour ce faire, nous avons utilise une serie d'images collectees durant le mois de janvier 2001 par le radar meteorologique de Setif. Ces dernieres ont ete utilisees pour construire des series chronologiques de precipitations aussi bien sur terre que sur mer. En utilisant un modele markovien, nous avons pu montrer dans un premier temps, que les echos de precipitations sont bien (.)
Prosodic Strengthening of /sCV/ Sequences in English

This study examined the effects of prosodic boundary and prominence on English /sCV/ sequences. One important finding was that the domain-initial strengthening effect was not strictly confined to the first segment, but it could extend over the entire /sCV/ sequence, although it was further modulated by prominence. Another important finding was shortening of VOT for the voiceless stop in /sCV/ under prosodically strong environments, suggesting that prosodic strengthening operates on a phonological rule as a way to reinforce its phonetic outcome. Finally, we found evidence that boundary-induced strengthening and prominence-induced strengthening were separately encoded, but not in an exclusively independent way.
ENZYME HISTOCHEMISTRY OF NON‐HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMAS

Fifty‐two cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas were studied with enzyme histochemical methods. Forty‐four cases of these were also investigated for surface markers with immunological techniques, and results of histochemical, routine histological and immunological observations were correlated. Twenty‐one of 27 B‐cell lymphomas showed prominent ATPase activity, while all 13 T‐cell lymphomas, except one case, did not show such activity. Nodular lymphomas, though of B‐cell nature, were often negative for ATPase and it remained negative after diffuse evolution in some. Four of 7 AlPase positive lymphomas were of B‐cell origin. Dot‐like localized AcPase and β‐glucuronidase activity characterized T‐cell lymphomas while 5 T‐cell PDL, including lymphoblastic type with double markers, showed localized esterase activity. Enzyme histochemical characteristics of lymphomas were fairly honest reflection of those of various functional units in the normal lymph nodes. Enzyme histochemical methods appeared to be a useful tool for the study of lymphomas.
Persisting role of healthcare settings in hepatitis C transmission in Pakistan: cause for concern

SUMMARY Transmission of hepatitis C (HCV) in Pakistan is a continuing public health problem; 15 years ago it was linked to the practice of reusing therapeutic instruments in healthcare settings. We sought to examine current risk factors for HCV transmission in a hospital population in Karachi, Pakistan. We enrolled 300 laboratory-confirmed HCV-positive participants and 300 laboratory-confirmed HCV-negative participants from clinics at Indus Hospital. Independent and significant risk factors for both men and women were: receiving ⩾12 injections in the past year, blood transfusions, having had dental work performed, and delivery in hospital or transfusion for women. Interestingly, being of Mohajir origin or born in Sindh province were protective. Encouragingly, a strong protective effect was observed for those that reported bringing their own needle for injections (59%). The widespread reuse of therapeutic needles in healthcare settings in Karachi remains a major driver of the HCV epidemic.
Determinants of fertility in Nepal: applications of an aggregate model

Summary Bongaarts' aggregate model of the proximate determinants of fertility is applied to data from the 1976 National Fertility Survey in Nepal. Breast-feeding is shown to be the most important limiting factor, resulting in a reduction of about six children per woman. Decline in the duration of breast-feeding by one-fourth would increase fertility by one additional child per woman. The temporary separation of spouses due to migration is conjectured to be the second most important fertility inhibiting factor, not explicitly accounted for in the standard model. Results are presented for the three major ecological regions, urban-rural residence and educational attainment of the women.
The Interests of the Assyrian Empire in the West: Olive Oil Production as a Test-Case

The 7th century BCE in Philistia and Judah is characterized by economic prosperity, which is usually regarded as resulting from the “Assyrian Peace”, and from a policy of the Assyrian empire that aimed at maximizing production. The large center for the production of olive oil that was unearthed at Ekron in southern Israel is regarded as the best example of this policy. The present paper questions this scholarly consensus regarding the role of Assyria in the economy of the southern Levant, through a closer look at the olive oil industry in the region.
An Empirical Study about the Role of Personality Traits in Information Technology Adoption

This paper investigates the relationship between personality traits and their Information Technology (IT) adoption. The study used the Five Factor Model (FFM) to assess the personality of individual users who adopt social networking technologies using their mobile devices. This research is conducted among 320 social networking users in Thailand. Based on the theoretical background of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and FFM, a conceptual model is developed and empirically tested. The study found that extraversion, agreeableness are positively and significantly influenced social networking behavior. The results also reveal that neuroticism and conscientiousness are negatively associated with social networking behavior. The results of the study will help the marketers to identify target segments and implement communication tools more effectively over social networking sites.
Assessment of cognition in Parkinson’s disease

Objective: To develop a short, practical instrument that is sensitive to the specific cognitive deficits in Parkinson’s disease (PD) for comparing groups in research situations and for assessing change in cognitive functioning over time. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify the most frequently affected cognitive domains in PD and to select candidate items for the initial scale. This scale was tested in 85 patients and 75 age-, education-, and sex-matched control subjects. Items that met predefined criteria for data quality, reproducibility, and discriminative properties were included in the final scale. Results: The final scale, the SCOPA-COG (SCales for Outcomes of PArkinson’s disease–cognition), consists of 10 items with a maximum score of 43, with higher scores reflecting better performance. The test–retest reliability of the total score was 0.78 (intraclass correlation coefficient) and ranged from 0.40 to 0.75 for individual items (weighted κ). Cronbach’s α was 0.83. Construct validity of the scale was supported by the expected correlations with the CAMCOG (Cambridge Cognitive Examination) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and by differences found between groups of participants classified by dementia status and between patients grouped by disease severity. The scale showed a clear trend toward lower cognition scores for patients with more advanced PD. The coefficient of variation of the SCOPA-COG was higher than that of the CAMCOG or the MMSE, indicating a better ability to detect differences between individuals. Conclusion: The SCOPA-COG is a short, reliable, and valid instrument that is sensitive to the specific cognitive deficits in PD.
Overjet Stability after Treatment of Class II Division 1 Malocclusions

The results of an analysis of treatment and post-treatment changes in 48 unselected Class II Division 1 malocclusions are presented. All the cases were at least 1 year out of retention (mean 34·7 months). Mean values have been given for several features. In particular, the mean overjet reduction during treatment was 7·0 mm, the mean relapse 1·1 mm and the mean net overjet reduction 5·9 mm. The relationship of “final” overjet to overbite, overjet, skeletal pattern and lower lip height at different stages of treatment is described. There is wide variation in “final” overjet in relation to any of the single factors investigated but five significant correlations were found.
Performance Metrics for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Systems in Proteomics Analyses*

A major unmet need in LC-MS/MS-based proteomics analyses is a set of tools for quantitative assessment of system performance and evaluation of technical variability. Here we describe 46 system performance metrics for monitoring chromatographic performance, electrospray source stability, MS1 and MS2 signals, dynamic sampling of ions for MS/MS, and peptide identification. Applied to data sets from replicate LC-MS/MS analyses, these metrics displayed consistent, reasonable responses to controlled perturbations. The metrics typically displayed variations less than 10% and thus can reveal even subtle differences in performance of system components. Analyses of data from interlaboratory studies conducted under a common standard operating procedure identified outlier data and provided clues to specific causes. Moreover, interlaboratory variation reflected by the metrics indicates which system components vary the most between laboratories. Application of these metrics enables rational, quantitative quality assessment for proteomics and other LC-MS/MS analytical applications.
ANTIBODY ARRAY–BASED IMMUNOSENSOR FOR DETECTING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK MARKERS

Quantitative detection of proteins in multiplexed platforms presents technical advantages at clinical and laboratory settings compared to the monoplex ELISA method. With this purpose, we implemented a pilot study using in-house–designed sandwich-type antibody array for multiplexed detection of seven cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers and compared the performance of our immunosensor to conventional ELISA kits. Results indicated that our immunosensor can determine serum amyloid A (SAA), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and myoglobin (MYO) concentrations accurately, precisely, and above all very much similar to ELISA. Hence, multiplexed detection and quantification of SAA, VCAM, and MYO with our immunosensor can be considered as a potential multiplexed alternative to the ELISA method.