Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Between Clicks and Satisfaction: Study on Multi-Phase User Preferences and Satisfaction for Online News Reading

Click signal has been widely used for designing and evaluating interactive information systems, which is taken as the indicator of user preference. However, click signal does not capture post-click user experience. Very commonly, the user first clicked an item and then found it is not what he wanted after reading its content, which shows there is a gap between user click and user actual preference. Previous studies on web search have incorporated other user behaviors, such as dwell time, to reduce the gap. Unfortunately, for other scenarios such as recommendation and online news reading, there still lacks a thorough understanding of the relationship between click and user preference, and the corresponding reasons which are the focus of this work. Based on an in-depth laboratory user study of online news reading scenario in the mobile environment, we show that click signal does not align with user preference. Besides, we find that user preference changes frequently, hence preferences in three phases are proposed: Before-Read Preference, After-Read Preference and Post-task Preference. In addition, the statistic analysis shows that the changes are highly related to news quality and the context of user interactions. Meanwhile, many other user behaviors, like viewport time, dwell time, and read speed, are found reflecting user preference in different phases. Furthermore, with the help of various kinds of user behaviors, news quality, and interaction context, we build an effective model to predict whether the user actually likes the clicked news. Finally, we replace binary click signals of traditional click-based evaluation metrics, like Click-Through Rate, with the predicted item-level preference, and significant improvements are achieved in estimating the user's list-level satisfaction. Our work sheds light on the understanding of user click behaviors and provides a method for better estimating user interest and satisfaction. The proposed model could also be helpful to various recommendation tasks in mobile scenarios.
Anisotropic upper critical field and possible Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in the stoichiometric pnictide superconductor LiFeAs

Measurements of the temperature and angular dependencies of the upper critical fields $H_{c2}$ of a stoichiometric single crystal LiFeAs in pulsed magnetic fields up to 50 T were performed using a tunnel diode resonator. Full $H^{\parallel c}_{c2}(T)$ and $H^{\bot c}_{c2}(T)$ curves with $H^{\parallel c}_{c2}(0)=17 \pm 1$ T, $H^{\bot c}_{c2}(0)=26 \pm 1$ T, and the anisotropy parameter ${\gamma_H}(T) \equiv H_{c2}^{\bot c}/H_{c2}^{\parallel c}$ decreasing from $\approx 2.5$ at $T_c$ to 1.5 at $T\ll T_c$ were observed. The results for both orientations are in excellent agreement with a theory of $H_{c2}$ for two-band $s^\pm$ pairing in the clean limit. We show that $H^{\parallel c}_{c2}(T)$ is mostly limited by the orbital pairbreaking, whereas the shape of $H^{\bot c}_{c2}(T)$ indicates strong paramagnetic Pauli limiting and the inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO)state below $T_F \sim 5$ K.
Group-Based Emotions: The Impact of Social Identity on Appraisals, Emotions, and Behaviors

Because group-based emotions are rooted in the social identity of the perceiver, we propose that group-based emotions should be sensitive to changes in this social identity. In three experiments, young women reported feeling more anger, fear, and disgust toward Muslims when their identity as women had been made salient, in comparison with various control conditions where their identity as young adults, as social sciences students, their personal identity, or no identity had been made salient. These effects were mediated by appraisals of intergroup threats. In Experiment 3, the salience of the woman social identity also increased intentions to avoid Muslims.
Interactions between plant defence signalling pathways: Evidence from bioassays with insect herbivores and plant pathogens

Sequential damage by attackers is hypothesized to result in reciprocal antagonism (crosstalk) between jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) defence signalling pathways in plants. However, evidence for this crosstalk is not universal and several studies have found positive interactions (i.e. synergism) or no interaction whatsoever between JA and SA pathways. Here we conducted a meta‐analysis of studies on plant‐mediated effects of initial attackers on performance of subsequent attackers to test the hypothesis of crosstalk between plant hormonal signalling pathways. We found a significant negative mean effect size of JA‐inducing initial attackers on both JA‐ and SA‐inducing subsequent attackers, but a non‐significant effect of SA‐inducing initial attackers on both JA‐ and SA‐inducing subsequent attackers. Effects on subsequent herbivores were contingent on the biology of the initial attacker, with negative effects of JA‐inducing initial herbivores but no effect of SA‐inducing initial herbivores, whereas pathogens on average did not influence subsequent herbivores. Furthermore, negative effects of JA‐inducing initial herbivores on JA‐ and SA‐inducing subsequent herbivores held when both attacks occurred on the same plant part, but when attacks were on different plant parts the effect of JA‐inducing herbivores on SA‐inducing herbivores was non‐significant. Synthesis. These results indicate that reciprocal antagonism between jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways is not universal, and suggest assymetries and specificity in the strength of plant‐mediated interactions.
The unimodality of pure $O$-sequences of type three in three variables

Since the 1970’s, great interest has been taken in the study of pure O-sequences, which are in bijective correspondence to the Hilbert functions of Artinian level monomial algebras. Much progress has been made in classifying these by their shape. It has been shown that all monomial complete intersections, Artinian algebras in two variables and Artinian level monomial algebras with type two in both three and four variables have unimodal Hilbert functions. This paper proves that Artinian level monomial algebras of type three in three variables have unimodal Hilbert functions. We will also discuss the licciness of these algebras.
Seedling Establishment and Forage Accumulation of Ceres Tonic Plantain in Pure Stands and in Grass Mixtures

This study evaluates the balance of species 2 mo after sowing, its effects on seasonal and annual dry matter accumulation of Plantago lanceolata L. �Ceres Tonic� sown in pure stands, in binary mixtures with three grasses, and different initial growth rates: annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Plantain monocultures were sown at three densities (4, 8, and 12 kg seed ha-1), while halved densities were used in the mixtures. Each grass was sown at the density that is typical for the region (annual ryegrass = 30, tall fescue = 15, and orchard grass = 6 kg seed ha-1). The trial was carried out in Balcarce (37o45� S, 58o18� W; 130 m a.s.l.), Argentina in 1.4 × 5 m plots sown in April 2005 with a randomized complete block design, a factorial arrangement of pasture type and plantain sowing density, and seasons as a measurement repeated over time. Plant density 2 mo after sowing was not a good estimator of the balance between species for all pasture types at the end of the first year. Total forage accumulation throughout the experimental period was affected by pasture type (p = 0.08) and plantain sowing density (p < 0.05), but not by their interaction (p > 0.05). The plantain and annual ryegrass mixture accumulated 28% more biomass than the mean biomass of all the other pastures (7948 ± 647 vs. 6204 ± 502 kg DM ha-1) mainly because of its higher yield in fall and winter. Total precipitation during the year under study was 15% lower than the historic average so that higher accumulations could be expected in years with higher precipitation.
The suppression of DUSP5 expression correlates with paclitaxel resistance and poor prognosis in basal-like breast cancer

Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is resistant to endocrinotherapy and targeted therapy and new molecular therapies are needed for BLBC. In this study, we evaluated the role of DUSP1 and DUSP5, negative regulators of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, in the aggressiveness of BLBC. MDA-MB-231 cells were given paclitaxel (PTX) treatment and subsequently PTX resistant cell clones were established. Microarray analysis, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and online analysis of large cohorts of breast cancer patients were performed. The PTX resistant cells showed stronger cell proliferation ability by exhibiting the upregulation of CENPF, CDC6, MCM3, CLSPN and SMC1A expression. Furthermore, DUSP1 and DUSP5 expression was significantly downregulated in PTX resistant cells. In addition, in large breast cancer patients' database, both DUSP1 and DUSP5 correlated negatively with higher histological grade. DUSP1 low expression was obvious in HER2 positive and basal like while DUSP5 low expression was peculiar for basal like compared with other subtypes. Remarkably, low expression of DUSP5, but not DUSP1, was significantly correlated with poor survival of BLBC patients. In conclusion, our data suggest that loss of DUSP5 expression results in PTX resistance and tumor progression, providing a rationale for a therapeutic agent that restores DUSP5 in BLBC.
Effect of humic, fulvic acid and calcium foliar application on growth and yield of tomato plants.

This study was laid out to determine the effect of humic, fulvic acid and calcium foliar application on growth, yield and fruits quality of tomato plants. A field experimental in completely randomized block design with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The tomato transplants, ‘H9663’ cultivar, were grown on clay soil during the 2013 and 2014 seasons. The individual and combination applications of humic acid (0.4 %), fulvic acid (4%) and chelated calcium (0.25 %) solutions were applied as foliar sprays on tomato plants at four times (after two, four, six and eight weeks from transplanting). Growth and nutrients content (N, P, K and Ca) of tomato plants as well as yield and fruits quality were investigated in treated and untreated plants. Results indicated that all foliar applications of humic, fulvic acid and calcium , either individual or in combinations, increased vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality. On the other hand, these treatments decreased the incidence of blossom end rot in tomato fruits. Foliar application of humic acid plus fulvic acid plus calcium gave the maximum values in the investigated properties. In conclusion, application of humic, fulvic acid and calcium as foliar application improved the plant growth, yield and fruits quality of tomato. * Corresponding Author: M.E Husein  shahein97@yahoo.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 132-140, 2015
Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Accelerated DNA Methylation Aging

Background: Aging is related to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality and is affected by environmental factors. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with adverse health outcomes; but the association of such exposure with DNA methylation aging, a novel aging marker, is unclear. Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the association of PAH exposure with methylation aging. Methods: We trained and validated a methylation age predictor suitable for Chinese populations using whole blood methylation data in 989 Chinese and 160 Caucasians. We defined two aging indicators: Δage, as methylation age minus chronological age; and aging rate, the ratio of methylation to chronological age. The association of PAH exposure with aging indicators was evaluated using linear regressions in three panels of healthy Chinese participants (N=539, among the aforementioned 989 Chinese participants) whose exposure levels were assessed by 10 urinary monohydroxy-PAH metabolites. Results: We developed a methylation age predictor providing accurate predictions in both Chinese individuals and Caucasian persons (R=0.94–0.96, RMSE=3.8–4.3). Among the 10 urinary metabolites that we measured, 1-hydroxypyrene and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene were associated with methylation aging independently of other OH-PAHs and risk factors; 1-unit increase in 1-hydroxypyrene was associated with a 0.53-y increase in Δage [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18, 0.88; false discovery rate (FDR) FDR=0.004] and 1.17% increase in aging rate (95% CI: 0.36, 1.98; FDR=0.02), whereas for 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, the increase was 0.54-y for Δage (95% CI: 0.17, 0.91; FDR=0.004), and 1.15% for aging rate (95% CI: 0.31, 1.99; FDR=0.02). The association direction was consistent across the three Chinese panels with the association magnitude correlating with the panels’ exposure levels; the association was validated by methylation data of purified leukocytes. Several cytosine-phosphoguanines, including those located on FHL2 and ELOVL2, were found associated with both aging indicators and monohydroxy-PAH levels. Conclusions: We developed a methylation age predictor specific for Chinese populations but also accurate for Caucasian populations. Our findings suggest that exposure to PAHs may be associated with an adverse impact on human aging and epigenetic alterations in Chinese populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2773
The effects of dexmedetomidine on renal injury induced by intra-abdominal hypertension in rats

Introduction: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are potentially life-threatening conditions in critically ill patients. Laparascopic surgery is the gold standard and has been widely performed for many procedures since its inception in the early 1980s. Pneumoperitoneum is essential for laparascopic surgery. Dexmedetomidine is a potent and highly selective α-2 adrenoceptor agonist with sympatholytic, sedative, amnestic and analgesic properties without respiratory depression. There is increasing evidence of its organ protective effects against ischemic and hypoxic injury, including neuroprotection, cardioprotection and renoprotection. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of the α-2 adrenoceptor agonist, dexmedetomidine on IAH induced by renal injury. Materials and methods: A total of 24 male Wistar-albino rats were randomly separated into 4 groups as the control group (CG, n=6), sham group (SG, n=6), low-dose group (DXLD, n=6) and high-dose group (DXHD, n=6). In CG, no intervention was made. IAH was obtained by insufflating atmospheric air with percutaneous intraperitoneal needle using a manual insufflator of manometer up to 15 mmHg. At the 60th min, in SG, 1.5 ml/100 gr/hr saline was infused. In DXLD, 0.5 μg/kg/hr, and in DXHD, 1 μg/kg/hr dexmedetomidine (Precedex, 100 μg/ml; Abbott, Istanbul, Turkey) was infused intravenously. At the 90th min, a midline incision was made and the left kidney was harvested by median laparatomy for the measurement of tissue nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) level and histopathological examination for proximal tubule injury by light microscopy. Results: No significant difference was determined between the groups either biochemically or histopathologically (p>0.05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine may not provide renoprotective effects within the clinical infusion doses of 0.5 μg/kg/hr, and 1 μg/kg/hr.
Welfare Spending and Political Conflict

We study an age-old question in political economy: does government spending on welfare ensure peace? This question was at the heart of the European Welfare State model of the early 20th century, and remains relevant today in face of rising inequalities and political conflict. Yet there is limited empirical evidence about this question. We make use of a panel of 12 Latin American countries over the period between 1970 and 2010 to show that government welfare spending has led to substantial reductions in political conflict across the region. This effect is more pronounced when associated with reductions in inequality and increasing social and institutional trust.
Web Supplementary Materials for “ Regularized Outcome Weighted Subgroup Identification for Differential Treatment Effects ” by

“Regularized Outcome Weighted Subgroup Identification for Differential Treatment Effects” by Yaoyao Xu, Menggang Yu2,∗, Ying-Qi Zhao, Quefeng Li, Sijian Wang, and Jun Shao Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A Department of Operation Research and Financial Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A.
Title Orai 1 Function is Essential for T Cell Homing to Lymph Nodes

In T lymphocytes, Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels composed of Orai1 subunits trigger antigen-induced gene expression and cell proliferation through the NFAT pathway. We evaluated the requirement of CRAC channel function for lymphocyte homing using expression of a dominant-negative Orai1-E106A mutant to suppress Ca2+ signaling. To investigate homing and motility of human lymphocytes in immunocompromised mouse hosts, we transferred human lymphocytes either acutely or following stable engraftment after a second transfer from the same blood donor. Human and mouse lymphocyte homing was assessed and cells were tracked within lymph nodes by two-photon microscopy. Our results demonstrate that human T and B lymphocytes home into and migrate within the lymph nodes of immunocompromised NOD.SCID mice similar to murine lymphocytes. Human T and B cells colocalized in atrophied or reconstituted mouse lymph nodes, where T cells migrated in a random walk at velocities of 9-13 μm/min and B cells at 6 μm/min. Expression of Orai1-E106A inhibited CRAC channel function in human and mouse T cells and prevented homing from high endothelial venules into murine lymph nodes. Ca2+ signals induced by CCL21 were also inhibited in T cells expressing Orai1E106A. With CRAC channels inhibited, the high-affinity form of LFA-1 failed to become active, and T cells failed to migrate across endothelial cells in a transwell model. These results establish a requirement for CRAC channel-mediated Ca2+ influx for T cell homing to lymph nodes mediated by high-affinity integrin activation and chemokine-induced transendothelial migration.
Fourth International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease The Health Consequences of Early Soy Consumption 1 , 2

Infants fed soy formula are the segment of the U. S. population that consumes the most soy. Before birth and after weaning, most Americans are not exposed to appreciable levels of soyfoods other than foods that have small amounts of processed soy components. The opposite scenario occurs in Asia, because Asians are more likely to consume relatively high levels of soyfoods throughout life, except between birth and weaning, when breastfeeding or milk-based formula are common. Soy formula is made with soy protein isolate containing isoflavones (SPI ) and supports normal growth and development in term infants. Recent data suggest that there are no long-term adverse effects of early exposure to soy formula through young adulthood. It is as yet unknown whether soy formula consumption by infants will result in health problems or benefits upon aging, but multigenerational animal studies with diets made with SPI have not revealed any problems. Soy isoflavones can function as estrogen agonists, antagonists or selective estrogen receptor modulators, depending on the conditions, and much research has focused on health effects of purified isoflavones. Results from several studies suggest that the effects of diets made with SPI differ significantly from those of diets to which purified soy isoflavones are added. Furthermore, it seems that soy protein processed to contain lower levels of isoflavones also provides significant health benefits. Further research is needed to confirm the results of the few studies that have been conducted and new studies are needed to investigate the more subtle effects that could occur during development or that could surface later in life. J. Nutr. 132: 559S–565S, 2002.
Us Monetary Policy and International Bond Markets

This paper uses high-frequency financial data to analyze the effects of US monetary policy—during the conventional and unconventional policy regimes—on international bonds markets. We focus on yields of dollar-denominated sovereign bonds issued by more than 90 countries since the early 1990s, which allows us to abstract from the policy-induced movements in exchange rates that otherwise confound the response of yields on foreign bonds denominated in local currencies. Our results show that yields on dollar-denominated sovereign debt are highly responsive to unanticipated changes in the stance of US monetary policy during both the conventional and unconventional policy regimes, and that the passthrough of unconventional policy actions to foreign bond yields is, on balance, comparable to that of conventional policy actions. In addition, a conventional US monetary easing leads to a significant narrowing of credit spreads on sovereign bonds issued by countries with a speculative-grade credit rating. During the unconventional policy regime, however, yields on speculative-grade sovereign debt move one-to-one with policy-induced fluctuations in yields on comparable US Treasuries. We also examine whether the response of sovereign credit spreads to US monetary policy differs between policy easings and policy tightenings and find no evidence of such asymmetry. This finding casts doubt on the notion that US monetary easings induce excessive risk-taking in international bond markets.
Faces as perceptual wholes: The interplay between component and configural properties in face processing

The relative dominance of component and configural properties in face processing is a controversial issue. We examined this issue by testing whether the discriminability of components predicts the discrimination of faces with similar versus dissimilar configurations. Discrimination of faces with similar configurations was determined by components discriminability, indicating independent processing of facial components. The presence of configural variation had no effect on discriminating faces with highly discriminable components, suggesting that discrimination was based on the components. The presence of configural variation, however, facilitated the discrimination of faces with more difficult-to-discriminate components, above and beyond what would be predicted by the configural or componential discriminability, indicating interactive processing. No effect of configural variation was observed in discriminating inverted faces. These results suggest that both component and configural properties contribute to the processing of upright faces and no property necessarily dominates the other. Upright face discrimination can rely on components, configural properties, or interactive processing of component and configural properties, depending on the information available and the discriminability of the properties. Inverted faces are dominated by componential processing. The finding that interactive processing of component and configural properties surfaced when the properties were of similar, not very high discriminability, suggests that such interactive processing may be the dominant form of face processing in everyday life.