Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAIZE YIELDS RESPONSE TO APPLICATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC INPUT UNDER ON-STATION AND ON-FARM EXPERIMENTS IN CENTRAL KENYA

SUMMARY This study investigated the feasibility of using sole organics or a combination of organics with inorganic fertilizer to improve maize production in on-station and on-farm experiments in central Kenya. In the on-station experiment, combined application of Calliandra calothyrsus, Leucaena trichandra and Tithonia diversifolia at 30 kg N ha−1 plus inorganic fertilizer (30 kg N ha−1) consistently gave significantly higher maize grain yields than the recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer (60 kg N ha−1). Sole application of calliandra, leucaena and tithonia also increased maize yields more than the recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer. In the on-farm experiment, calliandra, leucaena, tithonia and cattle manure either alone or combined with inorganic fertilizer increased maize yields with a similar magnitude to that of inorganic fertilizer. These organic resources could therefore be used to supplement inorganic fertilizer as a whole or in part. There was a yield gap between on-station and on-farm trials with on-station yields having, on average, 65% greater yields than the on-farm yields. There is therefore potential for increasing yields at the farm level by closing the yield gap.
The Relationship between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Problem statement: Organizational justice and its relationship with citizenship behavior is one of the basic and important subjects of successful organizations. In this competitive world, making a sense of organizational justice in staff, increases functional ability and organizational citizenship behavior. Approach: This research includes 5 hypotheses which evaluate the relationship between organizational justice dimensions and organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational justice dimensions consist of: organizational justice, distributive justice, policy justice, inter individual justice and informational justice. The present research method is analytical-descriptive and its type is correlation. The method of collecting data is questionnaire. It is also a field research. Results: The findings of this research show that all the organizational justice dimensions which were qualified by correlation coefficient test are positively related to organizational citizenship behavior. Thus, the hypotheses were verified. Conclusion: Finally, informational justice mechanisms should be planned in a way that policies and relations are made justly.
Dynamics of the troponin I levels in the first days after heart transplantation (HTX) in the own material - a pilot study Dynamika zmian stężeń troponiny I w pierwszych dobach po przeszczepieniu serca (HTX) w materiale własnym - pilot study

Background: Troponin is a valuable and highly used marker for the assessment of the myocardial damage. Elevated tro ponin levels are the result of myocardial injury irrespective of etiology. Aim: Evaluation of dynamics of troponin I changes in the first days (since “0” to 3 rd day) after heart transplantation (HTX). Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of 42 patients aged 21 to 62 years, average age 47.4 ±12.4. Study group consisted of the patients which hearts were harvested by two surgeons according to the identical protection scheme using CELSIOR cardioplegic solution. In all patients troponin I levels in the following days after HTX were measured. Dynamics of troponin I changes was assessed, using the onestep immunoenzymatic test (normal values to 0.1 ng/ml) in all of the patients in the first days after HTX. The highest daily value was taken into the analysis. Results: Average troponin I levels in the subsequent days after HTX were as follows: 21.7 ±22.1; 21.3 ±22.5; 17.6 ±20.3; 13.2 ±15.3 ng/ml. Based on ANOWA (Kruskal-Wallisa) test statistically significant troponin I levels decrease in the consecutive days after HTX (p = 0.0002) was noted. The biggest decrease was observed between days “0” and “3” and between days “1” and “3” (respectively: 54.1 and 53.7%); the smallest decreased appeared between days “0” and “1” after HTX (0.7%). Conclusion: Immediately after HTX significantly elevated troponin I levels can be observed that could be connected with perioperative myocardial injury caused by the heart harvesting and transplantation.
Did the Decline in Social Capital Decrease American Happiness? A Relational Explanation of the Happiness Paradox

Most popular explanations of the happiness paradox cannot fully account for the lack of growth in U.S. reported well-being during the last thirty years (Blanchflower and Oswald (2004)). In this paper we test an alternative hypothesis, namely that the decline in U.S. social capital is responsible for what is left unexplained by previous research. We provide three main findings. First, we show that the inclusion of social capital does improve the account of reported happiness. Second, we provide evidence of a decline in social capital indicators for the period 1975-2004, confirming Putnam's claim (Putnam (2000)). Finally, we show that failed growth of happiness is largely due to the decline of social capital and, in particular, to the decline of its relational and intrinsically motivated component.
Framing new product innovations: How to make sense of internal and external insights

This study examines: How experts make sense of internal and external insights when they create new product innovations. It focuses on the experts’ reasoning; and suggests a model for internal/external sense-making based on framing theory. The model is tested in three emblematic cases in respectively B&O, Coloplast & Vipp. The study reveals, that experts make sense by reapplying frames from previous internal products as well as adopt frames from external inspirational products. Hereby they both create coherency with the brand, but also update the product to match new emerging values and trends.
Has the Navrongo Project in Northern Ghana been successful in altering fertility preferences

Has the Navrongo Community Health and Family Planning (CHFP) Project been successful in changing fertility preferences? Using linked data from panel surveys conducted in the Kassena-Nankana district of northern Ghana in 1995 and 2002 as part of the CHFP, we compare reproductive behavior against prior fertility preferences and show the transition of women from wanting to not wanting more children. Descriptive and multinomial logistic regression results show that the acceptance of smaller family sizes (i.e., 1–3 children) and high proportions of women reporting no intention to have more children in the future reflect that the combination of mobilizing community volunteerism and retraining and redeploying nurses to village-based locations results in a change in reproductive behavior. Implications for policy are discussed.
Weed Seedbanks of the U.S. Corn Belt: Magnitude, Variation, Emergence, and Application

Seedbanks and seedling emergence of annual weeds were examined in arable fields at eight locations in the Corn Belt. Seed densities were estimated by direct seed extraction from each of several soil cores in each sampled plot. Average total seedbank densities ranged from 600 to 162 000 viable seed m-2 among locations. Coefficients of variation (CV) typically exceeded 50%. CV for seed densities of individual species usually exceeded 100%, indicating strongly aggregated distributions. CV were lower for species with dense seed populations than those with sparse seed populations. Variance of total seedbank densities was unstable when < 10 cores were examined per plot, but stabilized at all locations when ≥ 15 cores were analyzed, despite a 12-fold difference in plot size and 270-fold difference in seed density among locations. Percentage viable seed that emerged as seedlings in field plots ranged from < 1% for yellow rocket to 30% for giant foxtail. Redroot pigweed and common lambsquarters were the most frequently encountered species. Emergence percentages of these species were related inversely to rainfall or air temperatures in April or May, presumably because anoxia and/or high temperatures induced secondary dormancy in nondormant seed. From 50 to 90% of total seed in the seedbank were dead. This information can be employed by bioeconomic weed management models, which currently use coarse estimates of emergence percentages to customize recommendations for weed control.
Twisted actions and regular Fell bundles over inverse semigroups

We introduce a new notion of twisted actions of inverse semigroups and show that they correspond bijectively to certain regular Fell bundles over inverse semigroups, yielding in this way a structure classification of such bundles. These include as special cases all the stable Fell bundles. Our definition of twisted actions properly generalizes a previous one introduced by Sieben and corresponds to Busby–Smith twisted actions in the group case. As an application we describe twisted étale groupoid C*‐algebras in terms of crossed products by twisted actions of inverse semigroups and show that Sieben's twisted actions essentially correspond to twisted étale groupoids with topologically trivial twists.
Impact of Total Quality Management on Customer Satisfaction in the Retail Sector: Case of indigenous Supermarkets in Botswana.

The study sought to investigate the impact of Total Quality Management on customer satisfaction on indigenous supermarkets in Botswana. In today’ s contemporary business environment, customers no longer tolerate poor or average quality of products or services, leading organizations to seek ways to overcome the problem of mediocre quality of service and product. Total Quality Management is one of the prominent quality improvement practices, whose goal is total dedication and commitment to nonstop process of improving the quality and productivity of organizations. The objectives of the study were to identify service quality attributes to invest in order to enhance customer satisfaction, to determine the impact of total of TQM on customer satisfaction and finally to determine the relationship between service quality attribute and customer satisfaction. To achieve the objectives, the researcher integrates the famous Servqual scale into Kano Model to bridge the gap between marketing and total quality management. A sample of 128 respondents was randomly chosen from ten indigenous supermarkets in Gaborone, Botswana. The Profusion method was employed to get reliable robust results and identify service quality attributes which indigenous supermarkets should invest into in order to compete competitively in the retail sector. The Consumers Satisfaction index was also employed to measure the extent of service quality attributes that evoke customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction respectively. SPSS version 20 was used to compute the regression and correlation coefficients to determine the relationship between TQM and customer satisfaction. The results obtained in the study suggest that TQM has a significant on customer satisfaction and where it is not implemented customer dissatisfaction lever increases as in the case of indigenous supermarkets in Botswana. Indigenous supermarkets need to have quality as one of its strategic focus and make quality the focus of every employee. Indigenous supermarkets must stop buying and selling generic brands. They also need to continuously engage its customers in order to understand their needs and develop TQM goals and strategies based on customer needs. In order to realize the full benefits of TQM, indigenous supermarkets should invest in employee empowerment and involvement. Continuous improvement is a must for indigenous supermarkets and to achieve this goal employee training and development should be part of indigenous supermarkets’ core business. Key words: Total Quality Management, Customer Satisfaction, Servqual model, Kano model.
MODELLING PINUS RADIATA LUMBER CHARACTERISTICS. PART 1: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SMALL CLEARS

Fast-grown plantation wood (particularly the juvenile zone) can have some limiting performance characteristics (stiffness, strength, stability). Improvements in the overall performance of the lumber products will depend on a knowledge of the most important factors which can be influenced by either silviculture or tree breeding. Some wood technologists believe that the traditional view of wood density as the single mostimportant factor may be flawed, and that other parameters (e.g., microfibril angle, spiral grain, and compression wood) may have an equal or greater effect. During 1996-98, intensive utilisation studies were carried out on Pinus radiata D.Don material from two sites in the central North Island of New Zealand. Sample trees were selected from managed crops (23 and 28 years old respectively) to cover a range of wood properties. They were chosen on the basis that they represented a wide range of tree characteristics (diameter, branch habit), and subsequently the full range of log and stem properties was measured from wood disc samples and sawn lumber. One of the objectives of the research was to document the relative importance of a number of properties known to influence both mechanical properties and product performance. Some of the studies comprised a series of standard "small clears" tests, designed to untangle the impacts of wood density, ring width, spiral grain, compression wood, and microfibril angle on bending strength (MoR) and stiffness (MoE). Altogether 450 "small clears" samples were selected, covering the range of log and lumber properties existing in 51 stems from 15 clones across the two trials. Each wood sample was designated "juvenile" (within 10 rings from the pith — 304 pieces) or "mature" (129 pieces) depending on the location within the tree stem.
Giving Class Averages: Is It Worth It?

The aim of this study was to test a scoring method for regular testing proposed by the authors which provides feedback on test results to each student based upon his or her increases or decreases with the previous test score (hereafter, Idio-comparative marking). The authors compared the Idio-comparative scoring system with a regular ‘individual result together with class average’ method in an eight-week long quasi-experimental study conducted with 52 first-year Japanese university students. The authors aimed to gain an understanding of whether there were any salient statistical advantages in giving class averages to students to compare with their own result, thus nullifying the Idio-comparative idea. The study used a Pretest-Posttest design, with the results of an analysis of variance suggesting there to be no statistically significant difference ( p = .77) between the Idio-comparative Group and Give-average Group. The authors suggest the Idio-comparative approach as one to be considered by language teachers in order to assist with building and preserving the confidence of the students participating in the class.
RBS 1032: a dwarf-nucleated spheroidal galaxy with an intermediate-mass black hole hosted in a globular cluster

We report here the multiwavelength observations of the bright supersoft X-ray source, RBS 1032. Most likely, its optical counterpart is a non-emission-line dwarf galaxy with a prominent nucleus. Line and band indices of this nucleus, clearly suggest that its optical spectrum is dominated by the nuclear supermassive globular clusters. No radio and infrared (IRAS) emissions are detected from this dwarf galaxy. Weak near-infrared (2MASS) emissions have been detected. The optical-to-near-infrared colours are consistent with the globular clusters than those of active galactic nuclei. We have shown here that RBS 1032 is not a foreground object. However, with the available data the possibility of RBS 1032 being a classical nova cannot be completely ruled out. We have demonstrated that RBS 1032 is not a X-ray-bright optically normal galaxy. In contrast, we have illustrated that the super-soft X-ray emissions of RBS 1032 may be from a binary system, consisting of an intermediate-mass (∼5 × 10 4 M � ) black hole with a white dwarf companion. Most likely this system is hosted by one of the nuclear globular clusters of the dwarf galaxy.
Trajectories of University of Ibadan Undergraduates’ Exposure to Cyber Pornography

Cyber pornography is fast gaining ground in the Nigerian cyber environment with undergraduate students among its major consumers. Against this background, this study investigated the trajectories of University of Ibadan undergraduates’ exposure to cyber pornography. Containment theory was used as a theoretical framework. Data were collected from 250 respondents through surveys and in-depth interviews. Respondents’ selection was achieved through a multistage sampling technique. Findings revealed that browsing for academic materials (37.0%) and Internet surfing (35.0%) were the major online activities predisposing respondents to cyber pornography. The majority of the respondents (78.3%) identified sex videos and nude pictures as the most commonly encountered cyber pornographic materials. Increased sexual urge was the major effect that most of the respondents (39%) attributed to cyber pornography. Undergraduate students need to be constantly counseled by relevant stakeholders on the danger and negative consequences associated with cyber pornography.
Kaldorian approach to Greek economic growth

In the last 30 years, Greece has experienced a rapid rate of economic growth which has transformed the economy and enabled it to become a member of the EEC. Specifically, Greece transformed itself from an agricultural economy with virtually no industrial base to an economy with a significant industrial sector and consequently a relatively high income per capita. One can explain this on the lines of a Kaldorian framework. In this paper we provide an outline of Kaldor's growth model and test its relevance to the economic experience of Greece during the 1967-1988 period. The empirical results suggest that the model can adequately explain the developments in the economy to a considerable degree
The influence of access to credit on growth of women-owned micro and small enterprises in Kitui County, Kenya

Micro and Small Enterprise sector (MSE) has been recognized throughout developing countries as an engine for development. The importance of women MSEs in social and economic development has long been recognized by the International Labour Organization. Growth of Micro and Small Enterprise means increase in sales, profits, employees, production and service lines. This paper examined access to credit influence the growth of women owned micro and small scale enterprises in rural areas of Kitui County. The study used descriptive survey as the research design involving a target population of 390 women owned MSEs drawn from manufacturing, agriculture, commerce and services sectors. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to form a sample of 194. Simple random sampling was applied on the sample to select the respondents from each sector for the study. The research instruments were pre – tested questionnaire and observation guide and data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results suggested that access to credit positively influenced the growth womenowned MSEs. The study recommended for review of the lending policies; the laws pertaining to land ownership, inheritance, women and men rights and for training, mentoring and encouraging women to form business networks. A baseline survey capturing the dynamic growth in the MSE sector in each County should be conducted.
Drifting snow measurements on the Greenland Ice Sheet and their application for model evaluation

This paper presents autonomous drifting snow observations performed on the Greenland Ice Sheet in the fall of 2012. High-frequency snow particle counter (SPC) observations at ~ 1 m above the surface provided drifting snow number fluxes and size distributions; these were combined with meteorological observations at six levels. We identify two types of drifting snow events: katabatic events are relatively cold and dry, with prevalent winds from the southeast, whereas synoptic events are short lived, warm and wet. Precipitating snow during synoptic events disturbs the drifting snow measurements. Output of the regional atmospheric climate model RACMO2, which includes the drifting snow routine PIEKTUK-B, agrees well with the observed near-surface climate at the site, as well as with the frequency and timing of drifting snow events. Direct comparisons with the SPC observations at 1 m reveal that the model overestimates the horizontal snow transport at this level, which can be related to an overestimation of saltation and the typical size of drifting snow particles.
The impact of wildfire on stream fishes in an Atlantic-Mediterranean climate: evidence from an 18-year chronosequence

The predicted increase in wildfires associated with climate change poses a risk to freshwater biodiversity that may be exacerbated by river regulation. We studied the effects of wildfire and river management on the fish assemblages of Atlantic-Mediterranean streams in northern Portugal. Employing a chronosquence survey covering an 18-year gradient of impact-recovery from major fire events (ca. 100% catchment burnt), we assessed the ecological response with respect to time since wildfire, interpreting fish assemblages in the context of species traits and characteristics of the river habitat. Non-burnt sites (N = 18; surveyed 4 years previously) were compared to burnt sites (N = 14), two of which were part of the non-burnt set, thus providing a Before-After Impact comparison (BAI; N = 2). Across burnt sites richness and abundance were not related to time since wildfire. BAI revealed a contrast in the response of different species that corresponded to descriptive evidence from the chronosequence of burnt sites. As resource specialists, Salmo trutta were negatively impacted by wildfire; Iberian endemic cyprinids, characterized by generalist traits, demonstrated resistance. Habitat structure was a key determinant of wildfire-impact, increasing with channel slope and the degree of channelization. The low abundance of migratory taxa (S. trutta and Anguilla anguilla ) at burnt sites suggested the importance of fish mobility to post-fire recovery. These data demonstrate that trait profiles and habitat descriptions provide pragmatic information for the management of rivers in fire-susceptible regions and suggest that the rehabilitation of these upland stream habitats might enhance ecological resistance and resilience to catchment wildfire.
FEEDING EFFECT OF INULIN DERIVED FROM Dahlia variabilis TUBER ON INTESTINAL MICROBES IN STARTER PERIOD OF CROSSBRED NATIVE CHICKENS

The purpose of the research was to study the effects of feeding inulin derived from Dahliavariabilis tuber powder and extract on the existence of intestinal microbes in crossbred native chickenstarter. Experimental animals were 280 unsex crossbred native chickens and powder and extract ofdahlia tuber as source of inulin, which were started to be fed on day 22. The present experiment wasassigned in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 4 replications (10 birds each). Thetreatments were: T0 (basal diet/BD), T1 (BD+0.4% powder form), T2 (BD+0.8% powder form), T3(BD+1.2% powder form), T4 (BD+0.39% extract form), T5 (BD+0.78% extract form), and T6(BD+1.17% extract form). Parameters measured were the number of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB),Escherichia coli, intestinal potential hydrogen (pH) (duodenal, jejunal and ileal), rate of passage anddaily body weight gain (DBWG). Data were subjected to ANOVA and followed by Duncan andpolynomial orthogonal test. The results indicated that feeding inulin derived from dahlia tuber powderand extract form significantly (P<0.05) increased LAB population and DBWG, but decreasedEscherichia coli number and intestinal pH, and slow the rate of passage. In conclusion, feeding inulin ofdahlia tuber powder was optimum at 0.9% but that of extract is linier until 1.17%.