Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Appetite for or resistance to consumption relationships? A trans-European perspective on the marketisation of football fan relationships

Although most sport organisations are encouraged to better manage the relationships they maintain with fans, little is still known about the types of relationships that fans want to establish with sport organisations. Also, as most suggested management and marketing practices come from professional sport organisations and European contexts, it is questionable whether they can apply to all sports organisations, and whether they are received in the same way by diverse fans from various socio-cultural contexts. Thus, the study aimed to explore football fans’ relational expectations towards their national football association across Europe and attitudes towards this marketisation. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with several casual and die-hard fans from three European countries chosen for their heterogeneity: Armenia, Lithuania and England. Overall, and possibly in contradiction with numerous publications dealing with club football, the fans from the three countries did not express clear opposition or resistance towards the marketisation of their relationships towards their national teams and associations. English fans seemed quite neutral or indifferent although Armenian and Lithuanian fans presented many characteristics of brandom demonstrating an appetite for this marketisation.
Long term variability of the blazar PKS 2155-304

Time variability of the photon flux is a known feature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and in particular of blazars. The high frequency peaked BL Lac (HBL) object PKS 2155-304 is one of the brightest sources in the TeV band and has been monitored regularly with different instruments and in particular with the H.E. S.S. experiment above 200 GeV for more than 11 years. These data together with the observations of other instruments and monitoring programs like SMARTS (optical), Swift-XRT/RXTE/XMM-Newton (X-ray) and Fermi-LAT (100 MeV < E < 300 GeV) are used to characterize the variability of this object in the quiescent state over a wide energy range. Variability studies are made by looking at the lognormality of the light curves and at the fractional root mean square (rms) variability F var in several energy bands. Lognormality is found in every energy range and the evolution of F var with the energy shows a similar increase both in X-rays and in TeV bands.
Improving Reading Comprehension Skills through the SCRATCH Program.

The aim of this study was to reveal how reading comprehension skills of elementary fourth graders who have problems in reading comprehension can be improved by means of the SCRATCH program. The study was designed as a participant action research. It was carried out within a 15-week process at an elementary school with middle socio-economic level in the Eskisehir province in the fall term of the 2015-2016 school year. The participants of the study were eight fourth graders who had problems in reading comprehension and were selected based on the criterion sampling method. Different data gathering tools were employed in different stages of the study. These were the Informal Reading Inventory, readability assessment rubric, participant selection form and identification forms for developmental level in reading comprehension for the quantitative data, and observation notes, a researcher diary, video recordings, teacher and student observation notes, and the projects the students prepared using the SCRATCH program for the qualitative data. In the study, the analysis of the quantitative data was done with correlation analysis, and Kendall W Test that shows inter-rater reliability. In addition, the identification forms for developmental level in reading comprehension were used to reveal the improvement in reading comprehension skills, and the Informal Reading Inventory was employed to score these forms. On the other hand, the qualitative data were analysed through the thematic analysis method, and MAXQDA was used for the analysis. As a result of the analyses, it was found that the reading level of the eight students who had problems in reading comprehension went up from the anxiety level to the instructional level in some forms, and even to the independent reading level in other forms; in other words, there was an improvement in the reading comprehension skills of all eight students.
The Incorporation of Literature in the English Language Program for Engineering Students: Learner Interest and Perception

Literature has been an essential and popular component of language courses in the Malaysian English Second Language (ESL) context. Even so, the journey towards the inclusion of literature in language courses has been an evolving one, ensuing in many stages of change. As a result, the teaching and learning of literature was drawn back to a state of extinction from being an essential component of the language curriculum, only to resurge in a more fervent form. The introduction of the literature enhanced curriculum in the Malaysian ESL context has steered much discussion on the significance of teaching the subject as part of the English language syllabus in Malaysian primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions. Although research on the teaching and learning of literature in Malaysian schools is rather abounding, not much research has been undertaken to investigate its effectiveness in Malaysian higher educational institutions. This paper discusses the findings of a study undertaken to investigate young adult learners’ perceptions on the inclusion of literature in the tertiary English language classroom. The focus of this paper is on perceptions, attitudes and the perceived needs of young adult technical learners towards the incorporation of literature in English programmes. The findings of the study, obtained via quantitative and qualitative approaches, provide insights that will help policy makers and educators in designing more appropriate programmes in relation to the incorporation of literature in ESL programmes for tertiary level young adult technical learners.
The effect of the flavonoid quercetin on phase 1 and phase 2 enzyme activities in the SW-480 human colon carcinoma cell line

ACTIVITIES IN THE SW-480 HUMAN COLON CARCINOMA CELL LINE by ELIZABETH ANN BUCK (Under the Direction of JAMES L. HARGROVE) ABSTRACT Many cases of colon cancer, the third leading site of cancer in the United States, are dietrelated. Fruit and vegetable intake is inversely associated with colon cancer risk, and the flavonoids may have an important role. One mechanism by which flavonoids, including quercetin, may prevent colon cancer is the regulation of Phase 1 and Phase 2 enzymes, which protect the body from foreign substances. Quercetin, the most abundant flavonoid, has been described as a monofunctional enzyme inducer, which is optimal for cancer prevention. This study tested the effect of quercetin on Cytochrome P450 1A1, Glutathione S-transferase, and Quinone reductase activity, and cell viability and proliferation in the SW-480 cell line. Quinone reductase activity decreased significantly with the highest concentration of quercetin. There was no significant effect on the other enzyme activities, cell viability or proliferation. The results of this study cannot confirm that quercetin acts as a monofunctional enzyme inducer.
Rasgos de personalidad y habilidades empáticas: Un estudio predictivo de los estudiantes de medicina

Resumo: Algumas características do médico são importantes para a qualidade da relação que é estabelecida com o paciente. Entre elas, estão a empatia e a personalidade. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre empatia e personalidade na população de estudantes de medicina da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Especialmente se os fatores da empatia podem prever os fatores da personalidade. Os participantes foram 197 alunos do curso de Medicina da UFPE que completaram os instrumentos de autorelatado: Escala Multidimensional de Reatividade Emocional (EMRE) para avaliação da empatia em seus quatro fatores (Consideração Empática, Angústia Pessoal, Fantasia e Tomada de Perspectiva) e Inventário dos Cinco Grandes Fatores da Personalidade (IGFP-5) para investigação dos fatores da personalidade (Neuroticismo, Extroversão, Abertura, Amabilidade e Conscienciosidade). Para avaliar o poder preditivo da empatia sobre personalidade foi realizada a Análise de Regressão, na qual se adotou o método Enter. A MANOVA foi realizada para avaliar a associação de empatia com as variáveis idade, período letivo e gênero, objetivo secundário deste estudo. Os resultados mostraram que Extroversão é predito positivamente pela Consideração Empática e negativamente pela Angústia Pessoal. Amabilidade foi predita por Consideração Empática e Tomada de Perspectiva. Neuroticismo foi predito por Preocupação Empática, e Fantasia foi predito negativamente por Tomada de Perspectiva. Abertura foi predita por Tomada de Perspectiva e nenhuma predição foi encontrada para Conscienciosidade. Os resultados indicaram associação positiva entre empatia e sexo feminino. Como conclusão deste estudo tem-se que determinados fatores da empatia são capazes de predizer fatores da personalidade específicos.
Reconstruction of Equivalent currents Using the Scalar Surface Integral Representation

Knowledge of the current distribution on a radome can be used to improve radome design, detect manufacturing errors, and to verify numerical simulations. In this paper, the transformation from near-field data to its equivalent current distribution on a surface of arbitrary material, i.e., the radome, is analyzed. The transformation is based on the scalar surface integral representation that relates the equivalent currents to the near-field data. The presence of axial symmetry enables usage of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to reduce the computational complexity. Furthermore, the problem is regularized using the singular value decomposition (SVD). Both synthetic and measured data are used to verify the method. The quantity of data is large since the height of the radome corresponds to 29 − 43wavelengths in the frequency interval 8.0 − 12.0GHz. It is shown that the method gives an accurate description of the field radiated from an antenna, on a surface enclosing it. Moreover, disturbances introduced by copper plates attached to the radome surface, not localized in the measured near field, are focused and detectable in the equivalent currents. The method also enables us to determine the phase shift of the field due to the passage of the radome, cf. the insertion phase delay. (Less)
Ocean citizenship. The time to adopt a useful concept for environmental teaching and citizenship education is now

The sea is undeniably the unique heritage shared among the world’s inhabitants. Most people seem to identify very little or no connection between their activities and the future of the ocean. However, a well-preserved ocean may enhance and protect human wellbeing. In this perspective, sea education is a meaningful tool to inspire a sense of attachment and personal responsibility that can be translated as ocean citizenship (OC). There is considerable support in the literature debate to recommend further investigations on this topic and scholars seem to agree with the need to develop sea literacy as a key factor to water preservation and ocean environments. In Italy, the debate is quite far from being fully taken into consideration, despite its 7,500 km of coasts and the need to save the Mediterranean Sea habitat. Despite its importance, the sea is a big absentee in the geography of Italian schools, as well as in environmental education conducted in and out of the school system. This work resonates with the recent overseas studies and aims at relaunching the discussion on the meaning of ocean citizenship to provide an opportunity to develop OC in terms of environmental and citizen education.
Double Limit Pricing

We study fossil fuel extraction by a monopolist who faces demand from a climateaware and a climate-ignorant region. A renewable, perfect substitute for fossil energy is available at constant unit cost. The climate-aware region uses a carbon tax and a renewables subsidy as policy instruments. Due to heterogeneity in climate policies between regions, the fossil fuel price path possibly contains two limitpricing phases. Moreover, the shape of the price path depends on the presence of arbitrators on the market. With arbitrators, the fossil price is continuous. Without arbitrators, the price jumps upward when demand from the climate-aware region drops to zero. A tightening of climate policies results in lower initial resource use. The effect on medium-run extraction and on the duration of the fossil era depends on the presence of arbitrators on the market. We numerically investigate the welfare effects of the policies of the climate-aware region. We find that the carbon tax lowers climate damage. The renewables subsidy, however, only lowers climate damage if there are arbitrators on the market.
Coesite Formation at Ambient Pressure and Low Temperatures

Partial crystallization of silica xerogel in the form of coesite has been obtained at low-pressure conditions and temperatures of , in samples containing chlorophyll aggregates dispersed in amorphous silica. Silica xerogel samples were prepared by the sol-gel method using an ethanol::TEOS molar ratio of 4:11.6:1 and loaded with extracts from frozen spinach leaves. The silica xerogel microstructure of the powders was studied as a function of annealing temperature. It was found that partial crystallization of the glass matrix in the form of coestite was obtained at lower pressure than those specified by the phase diagram. Chlorophyll aggregates were added to the starting solutions which, upon thermal treatments, form small colloidal particles in the glass matrix. The presence of coesite is corroborated by the Rietveld refinement method.
PREDICTORS OF SURROGATE INVOLVEMENT IN ADVANCE CARE PLANNING BEHAVIORS

Advance care planning (ACP) is a framework used to describe the process of end-oflife care planning. ACP includes four behaviors: completing a living will that documents end-of-life wishes, appointing a health care proxy (HCP), discussing the use of interventions with loved ones, and discussing quality versus quantity of life with loved ones. Studies have found that the number of individuals engaging in ACP is low. Further, even those who have completed a living will and HCP often have insufficient communication with loved ones regarding their end-of-life wishes, often leading to discordant end-of-life care. The present study used constructs from the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to examine predictors associated with surrogates’ (N= 216) readiness (i.e., Stage of Change) to help their loved one complete ACP behaviors. Exploratory analyses including Analyses of Variance (ANOVAs) and correlations examined surrogate age, race, gender, experience with medical decision making relationship to the older patient, frequency of contact, perceived positive consequences of ACP behaviors (Pros), perceived negative consequence of ACP behaviors (Cons), and ACP attitudes values and cultural beliefs (AVCB) as potential predictors of surrogate readiness to assist their loved one in the four ACP behaviors. A series of multiple regressions showed that across the four ACP behaviors, only Cons was a significant predictor of Stage of Change, suggesting that as surrogates perceived more negative consequences of ACP, they were less ready to support the older patient in the process. This result is not consistent with other TTM research, in which Pros and Self Efficacy are generally stronger predictors of Stage of Change. This study also examines the level of agreement between older patients and their surrogates on readiness to engage in the four ACP behaviors. Difference scores between the surrogate Stages of Change and that of their older patient counterpart reflected discrepancies in readiness for ACP behaviors. ANOVAs and correlations were used to examine relationships between the level of agreement and the surrogate variables. Stage of Change distributions revealed surrogates were more ready to participate in ACP behaviors than the older patients, indicating that surrogates may play an important role in older patients’ readiness to complete ACP behaviors. Increased surrogate age was associated with less agreement on readiness to engage in creating a living will. Female gender and higher surrogate ratings on Pros was associated with more agreement in discussing interventions. Higher surrogate ratings of Cons was significantly associated with less agreement to discuss interventions, and more agreement to discuss quality versus quantity of life. Higher ratings on AVCB was significantly associated with less agreement in readiness to discuss interventions. Future longitudinal research may provide more information regarding these
The Impact of Takeovers on the Acquiring Firms in the Pharmaceutical Market

The pharmaceutical market plays a crucial role in the global economy. The level of competitive�� ness among companies in this sector is very high. To retain their position or even speed up the growth, market players continuously use takeovers as one of the major tools embedded in their strategies. Nevertheless, despite this fact, the concentration level on this market has stayed rela�� tively stable for the last two decades. Furthermore, it is also confirmed in the literature that such transactions usually tend to deteriorate value for the buyers and their shareholders. Based on the sample of 127 deals taking place between 1998 and 2011, this study uses a quantitative analysis to evaluate the impact of takeovers on acquirers. It covers event and accounting studies. Depend�� ing on the time window used in this study, the results show either lack of statistically significant effect of acquisition on buyers or that such impact is negative. These conclusions are in line with the existing literature findings.
Cone and seed maturity indices in Pinus wallichiana under temperate conditions of Kashmir Himalayas, India

Pinus wallichiana (Blue pine) does not have a good seed every year and hence it becomes necessary to collect abundant quantity of seed during good seed year. It becomes necessary to know the exact time of seed ma-turity. To overcome this problem, the present investigation was conducted in Kashmir valley at four different altitudes and locations i.e. (1,600-2,000 maslâ€“KFD), (2,000-2,400 masl -LFD), (2,400-2,800-PFD) and (2,800-3200 maslâ€“ SFD). The results revealed that seed collection clearly showed wide variation in the maturity of cones. Cone colour served as an indicator of maturity and it changed from light green to green and green with brown patches at maturity-ty. Seed colour changed from whitish to light brown and dark brown at maturity. The mean cone weight (118.67- 88.17gm) and specific gravity (1.13-0.90) decreased as the cones proceeded towards maturity. The mean seed weight of 21.79 to 57.13gm increased at all altitudes as the cones advanced towards maturity. Cone length, cone diameter and germination percent differed (Pâ‰¤0.05) significantly between altitudes and increased when the cones advanced towards maturity. The germination per cent was recorded more at altitudinal range of 1,600-2,400 masl (67.25-70.26%) at maturity, while as it was recorded lower at higher altitudes (42.12-47.25%). It is concluded that the altitudinal range of 1,600-2,400 masl is best sites for collection of phenotypically superior seeds in terms of maxi-mum cone length (18.18cm), diameter (5.23mm) and weight (108.94gm), number of seeds per cone (117.72), seed weight (79.99) and germinability (68.75).
Controlled pesticide release from biodegradable polymers

Polymers have been widely used in agriculture for applications including controlled release of pesticides and other active ingredients. The ability to predict their delivery helps avoid environmental hazards. Macromolecular matrices used as carriers in controlled release of agricultural active agents, especially pesticides, are reviewed. The review focuses on the advantages and mechanisms of controlled release. It includes biodegradable polymers in agriculture, their manufacturing methods, and their degradation mechanisms and kinetics. The article also presents a critical account of recent release studies and considers upcoming challenges.
Using a Stochastic Model to Detect Unusual Continuous Glucose Monitor Behaviour in Newborn Infants

Abstract Abnormal blood glucose (BG) concentrations have been associated with negative outcomes in critically ill adults and infants. Diagnosis of hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia is by BG measurements, which are typically taken several hours apart due to the clinical effort required. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices, which take measurements every 5 minutes, have the potential to improve the detection and diagnosis of these glycaemic abnormalities. There have been relatively few successful investigations of CGM devices in the ICU, and one study reported significant sensor noise. If CGM devices are going to be used in the clinical setting to monitor, diagnose and potentially help treat glycaemic abnormalities, clinicians need to know data are reliable and accurate. This study uses CGM data from neonatal infants to develop a tool that will aid clinicians in identifying unusual CGM behaviour. A stochastic model was created to classify CGM measurements with the aim of highlighting unusual CGM behaviour. In addition, the method uses a colour coded CGM trace to convey the information quickly and efficiently, either retrospectively or in real-time. The method has been used to detect unusual hypoglycaemic events and potential sensor degradation, both of which need to be interpreted with care. Overall, while BG measurements are required to make definitive conclusions about glycaemic events, the stochastic model provides another level of information to aid users in interpretation and decision making.
Does Financial Development Promote Economic Growth in India

The association between economic growth and financial development has been a wide-ranging subject of experiential research. The practical evidence suggests that there is a significant positive relationship between financial development and economic growth. However, these findings do not establish the direction of causality between the two. The question, therefore, is whether financial development causes economic growth or vice versa. In view of the above discussion, the article attempts to explore the relationship between financial development and economic growth in Indian context using granger causality test for the period, 1990-91 to 2010-11. The estimated results confirmed that financial development, measured by ratio of gross domestic capital formation to GDP , ratio of gross domestic savings to GDP, etc are non-stationary at the level data and at the first differences when using ADF test but attains stationary at first difference while using PP test. The Granger- causality test finally confirmed that financial development granger causes economic growth in India between time span of 1990-91 to 2010-11. Therefore, financial development in India has a stronger role in the growth process. The implication of the above is that India is in a better state of affairs as far as the growth potential is concerned by way of a more efficient financial system that is likely to evolve in the upcoming years to suit the changing global pursuit.