Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ynamics of dissolved organic carbon after a cyanobacterial bloom in ypereutrophic Lake Taihu ( China )

To establish the influence of the cyanobacterial bloom collapse on the characteristics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Lake Taihu, high-molecular-weight dissolved organic matter (HMW-DOM), with sizes between 1 kDa and 0.5 m, were collected using cross-flow ultrafiltration, from three different eutrophic regions. Isolated HMW-DOM was further characterized by atomic carbon to nitrogen ratio and neutral sugars composition by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results indicated that the cyanobacterial cell lysis induced by nitrate depletion is the likely mechanism for DOC release. The relatively high DOC level was associated with the high chlorophyll a concentration in Meiliang Bay, one of the most eutrophic bays in the northern part of the lake. However, no significant correlations were observed between chlorophyll a concentration and HMW-DOC concentration during the demise of the cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Taihu. No significant differences were found in the HMW-DOC concentration among the three sampling sites, which were selected to represent different eutrophic status. However, a significant difference in the HMW-DOC concentration was found between October 2009 and January 2010 in all three sampling sites (p = 0.02). The HMW-DOC release may be attributed to the cyanobacterial cell lysis after the peak of summer bloom. The similarity in neutral sugar composition between the HMWDOM and cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides suggests that the cyanobacterial bloom is the source of HMW-DOM. However, the significant correlation between the carbon to nitrogen ratio in HMW-DOM and chlorophyll a concentration was only observed in Meiliang Bay, which implies that apart from the cyanobacteria-derived DOC, a fraction of DOC was from riverine input. The decline of the cyanobacterial bloom also changed the overall DOM pool, leading to a shift in the component of HMW-DOM from a C-enriched material to an N-enriched material, as revealed by the variation in the carbon to nitrogen ratios. Overall, these results demonstrate that the quantitative and qualitative DOM is affected by the post-cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Taihu.
Influence of board interlocking on earnings management *

The participation of directors on more than one board is called “board interlocking”. This phenomenon contributes to the spread of management and governance practices, through directors sharing their knowledge and experiences on other boards. Thus, directors could “carry” the earnings management practices present in one company into another in which they sit on the board. It is assumed that the greater directors’ direct or indirect connections on boards, the greater the sharing of information, especially information that can be reflected in company earnings quality. In light of the above, the aim of this study is to verify the influence of board interlocking on earnings management in companies listed on the São Paulo Stock, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBovespa). The study is characterized as descriptive, quantitative, and documentary, and uses a sample of companies listed on the BM&FBOVESPA between 2011 and 2013. For earnings management, the model from Kang and Sivaramakrishnan (1995) was used, while for interlocking, degree centrality measures were used for direct board member connections, and intermediation centrality for indirect connections. The results indicate that earnings management is influenced by the interlocking of board members. It is concluded that the greater the degree centrality, the greater positive earnings management is, and that variations in positive and negative accruals are influenced by board member intermediation. The results reinforce the idea that earnings management behavior can be transferred between companies by the directors that make up their boards.
Association between Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in Young Adult Students : A study in a tertiary care hospital , Dhaka , Bangladesh

Original Research Article Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with blood pressure (BP); this Association has critical implications for countries like Bangladesh, where hypertension is highly prevalent and obesity is increasing. A greater understanding of the association between BMI and BP is required to determine its effect and develop strategies to mitigate it. Objective: Association between body mass index and blood pressure in young adult students of BICH. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected at 1 time point from 99 young adults’ students aged (aged 18-32 years) from the department of physiology. The study was conducted between January 2018 and January 2019. A comprehensive subgroup analysis was performed based on covariates, and within each subgroup, linearly regressing BMI to BP. Key Outcome and Measures: Measurement was taken including height weight, resting radial arterial pulse, resting brachial artery blood pressures (SBP, DBP) and calculated Pulse and mean pressure by applying appropriate procedures in young adult students of BICH. Results: The study included 99 participants (52 Male and 47 female; mean [SD] age, 21.5 (2.08) years. Among the study sample, the mean (SD) BMI was 22.62 (3.6), the mean (SD) systolic BP was 120.87 (11.72) mmHg, and the mean (SD) diastolic BP was 79.92 (7.20) mmHg. The association between BMI and BP was substantially weaker in subgroups of patients taking antihypertensive medication compared with those who were untreated. In untreated subgroups, 95%of the coefficients varied by less than 1mmHg/(kg/m2). Comparison between normal status and pre-hypertension + stage 1 hypertension was highly significant (p-0.007). Regarding BMI<18.4 in gender, it was statistically significant in normal status and pre-hypertension + stage 1 hypertension (p=0.018). The association between BMI and BP is positive across the young adult’s students in BICH. There has a greater impact of the Non communicable diseases by the association and also in the public health in Bangladesh.
The Vowel System of Korebaju Jenifer

Korebaju [kòrèβáh ]̀ (ISO 639-3: coe) is a Western Tukanoan language from the South-Western part of Colombia. A study conducted in 2017 and 2018 with six native speakers (3 female and 3 male) shows that Korebaju has an inventory of 17 consonants /p, t, k, ph, th, kh, β, ɸ , s , h, t ͡ ʃ, m, n, ɲ, hm, hŋ, r/ and 6 oral vowels /i, e, a, o, u, ɨ/, 6 nasal vowels /ĩ, ẽ, ã, õ, ũ, /̃ and 3 glottal vowels /aˀ, eˀ, oˀ/. Contrary to previous studies, this paper shows that Korebaju does not include the vowel [ɯ] in its phonemic inventory. The vowel [ɯ] is an allophone of the high back vowel /u/ when it follows a palatal consonant. In the same context, the high central vowel /ɨ/ also has an allophone [ɪ]. This paper focuses on an acoustic and articulatory description. Data come from a set of words recorded with synchronized audio and EGG signals.
THE ASSOCIATION FOR INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH

The concept of issues management is gaining the increasing attention of both researchers and practitioners in the field of strategic planning. issues management--which is concerned with the identification, analysis, probability, and timing of a developing issue, and organizational response--can spell the difference between success and failure of the planning effort. This paper delineates the attempt of a major public university to Integrate issues management into the institutional strategic planning process. The intent is to make issues management an ongoing.and systematic organizational exercise.
Heat Transfer across the Free Surface of a Thermocapillary Liquid Bridge

The heat transfer across the free surface of a millimetric thermocapillary liquid bridge is investigated for two dimensional axisymmetric flows, computed by Newton–Raphson iteration. The coupled multiphase flow in the silicone-oil liquid bridge and in the ambient gas (air) is considered for Marangoni and Prandtl numbers of interest for typical space experiments. Based on the space-resolved heat flux of the two-phase flow for a wide range of parameters, we derive a model for the heat flux in form of Newton’s heat transfer law for a surrogate single phase flow, in which a space-dependent Biot function is considered. A parametric study for a 2 cSt silicone-oil liquid bridge is conducted for 150 configurations to derive a reliable fit of the Biot function for a wide range of Reynolds numbers and aspect ratios. An explicit form of the parametric fit is provided which takes into account the hotand cold-wall boundary layers in the liquid.
Equilin does not affect thyroid hormone signaling in the developing Xenopus laevis tadpole brain

Toxcast/Tox21 is a massive federally run research effort dedicated to better understanding the potential toxicity of thousands of compounds in a high throughput manner. Among this list of compounds is equilin, an estrogen-like compound that was flagged as a potential thyroid hormone agonist. Here we examine if equilin acts like a thyroid hormone agonist on cellular and molecular mechanisms of brain development in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. To examine the effect of equilin, tadpoles were divided into eight groups and received 4 days of exposure. The experimental groups were as follows: 1 μL, 10 μL, and 100 μL of equilin, 1 μL, 10μM, and 100 μM of 17-β estradiol as an estrogen control, 15 μg/mL thyroxine (T4) as a thyroid hormone control, and a no-exposure control. After 4 days of treatment, animals were treated with CldU to label dividing cells for 2hr and then euthanized in MS-222. After fixation, body length was measured and the brains dissected out. IHC was performed on brains for CldU to label proliferating neural progenitor cells. Brains were then whole-mounted and analyzed using confocal microscopy. We found that equilin did not increase the number of dividing progenitor cells in a T4-like manner. Instead, equilin decreased proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, as did estradiol. The same paradigm was performed separately staining for caspase-3 and h2ax, finding that equilin increased cell death in contrast to CNTL and T4. In another experiment, RNA was extracted from tadpole brains in each group and qPCR was performed to assess change in expression of thyroid hormone-sensitive genes, Equilin did not affect gene expression in a thyroid hormone-like manner. Our data indicate that equilin does not act as a thyroid hormone agonist in the Xenopus laevis nervous system but instead acts similarly to estradiol. Our data strongly suggest that equilin is not a TH disruptor, contrary to the findings of the ToxCast/Tox21 dataset.
EFFECT OF TUBER-BORNE INOCULUM OF RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF STEM CANKER AND BLACK SCURF OF POTATO

M. M. Rahman, M. A. Ali, M. U. Ahmad and T. K. Dey. 2013. Effect of tuber-borne inoculum of Rhizoctonia solani on the development of stem canker and black scurf of potato. Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol.29 (1&2):29-32. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of level of Rhizoctonia solani infected seed tubers on germination, plant growth and development of stem canker and black scurf diseases of potato. The levels of infected seed tubers tested in the experiment were 0, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100%. Germination, stem number per hill, plant height, disease incidence and percent disease incidence (PDI) under control (0% infected seed tuber) were 98.33%, 5.1, 60.58 cm, 18.33% and 7.29, respectively. At 5-100% infected seed tubers, the three growth parameters decreased to 86.33-94.08%, 4.43-4.70/hill, 54.33-59.55 cm, whereas DSI and PDI increased to 27.08-51.24% and 9.16-21.25, respectively. Decrease in growth parameters and increase in DSI as well as PDI were corroborated with the levels of infected seed tubers. Planting 5-100% infected seed tubers increased production of diseased tubers by number as well as by weight compared 100% healthy seed tubers (control). At 100% healthy seed, number of russet, deformed and sclerotia bearing tubers were 8.25, 5.50 and 4.00/plot. Use of potato seeds mixed with 5-100% R. solani infected tubers reduced the three parameters within the range of 12.75-20.00, 9.75-17.00 and 90.50/plot, respectively. The results revealed that increase in inoculum level caused increased in infection on progeny tubers. Number of russet, deformed and sclerotia bearing tubers were higher when 100% infected tubers were sown. The other levels of tuber-borne R. solani incoculum showed low of infection.
Leadership Styles in Influencing Employees’ Job Performances

As the global business environment becomes increasingly competitive, the manager’s leadership style is gaining importance to drive employees’ efficiencies and productivity levels. Employees are the key drivers of the organization. Managers are expected to demonstrate strong leadership that can boost employees’ performances and direct followers to achieve organization goals. This study was conducted to discover the relationship between leadership styles and employees’ job performances. Specifically, this paper aims to identify the degree of influence among the three types of leadership styles namely, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and thought leadership on employees’ job performances in the Malaysian private sector. Researchers have conducted many studies on transformational and transactional leadership theories adopted from Full Range Leadership Model developed by (Bass & Avolio, 1994). However, thought leadership role has started to draw much attention on how leadership styles affect employees’ job performances. This article also aims to provide an alternative view that distinguishes from previous researches which focus on different leadership styles used by managers to improve employees’ job performances in different settings. A conceptual framework has been developed to examine the impact of the three types of leadership styles on employees’ job performances.
DISAGGREGATE ENERGY SUPPLY AND INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT IN NIGERIA

This paper investigates disaggregate energy supply and industrial output growth in Nigeria using time series data from 1981-2014. Nigeria persistent energy crisis has weakened the industrialisation process despite the country is endowed with various energy resources, gap between the demand and supply of energy still remained a critical challenge. Data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Statistical Bulletin and the National Bureau of Statistics. The study employed Ordinary Least Square method, Granger Causality and Johansen Co-integration test to carry out the empirical analysis. The findings show that electricity generated and premium motor spirit have a positive impact on industrial output growth in Nigeria but with high cost of production. Government capital expenditure signed positive, while gas consumption and automated gas oil (diesel) have negative signs from the result. This result implies that the availability of Liquefied Natural Gas in Nigeria has not contributed significantly to the industrial performance while the negative sign of automated gas oil signifies increase in it price which had increase cost of production and consequently reduce the industrial output. The unidirectional causality of Granger Causality test runs from gas consumption, electricity generated to industrial output growth. In view of the findings, it has been observed that, irregular electricity supply has been a major bane to output growth in the manufacturing sector; therefore, it is recommended that the power sector by means of guided private sector initiative should be given more attention for the growth of the nation’s economy.
IMPACT OF PROCESSING ON NUTRITIONAL AND ANTINUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF LEGUMES: A REVIEW

Legumes grain seeds are broadly developed and consumed all over the world. Legumes are considered as an important constituent of human diet, economical source of energy, proteins, carbohydrates, fiber, B-group vitamins and minerals. Beyond these nutritional facts legumes are rich in plant bioactive compounds like phenolic contents and flavonoid content which possess very beneficial impacts on human health. However, few types of antinutritional factors found in legumes that usually inhibit the bioavailability of many nutrients. Processing is the technique to develop the sensory value, nutritive value, physical attributes and decreases antinutritional factors commonly found in the legumes grain seeds. Different processing techniques commonly applied to legumes before consumption some of those are soaking, boiling, microwave cooking, extrusion, autoclaving, germination etc. These processing shown inhibition or reduction of antinutritional factors such as tannins, trypsin inhibitors activity, phytic acids, hemagglutinins etc. This review focuses on the effect of processing such as soaking, boiling, autoclaving, microwave cooking, germination, fermentation and extrusion on nutritional composition and anti-nutritional factors of legumes. This review also covers the legumes potential health effect and constrict of anti-nutritional factors on human health. Furthermore, the utmost reduction of anti-nutritional factors and maximizing the nutritional properties of legumes grain are investigated.
Evaluation of drying method and suitable variety of dutch roses for quality dried flower production

The present study was carried out to evaluate the best drying method for quality dried Dutch rose flower production with suitable variety in the laboratory of RHREC, COH Bangalore Karnataka, during the year of 2014-15. The treatment comprised of four Dutch varieties, V 1 – TajMahal, V 2 Gold Strike, V 3 – Noblesse, V 4 – Avalanche and two drying methodsD 1 Air drying, D 2 Hot air-oven were replicated thrice in two factorial completely randomized design. The results from the findings indicated that, Among the drying methods, hot air oven dried flowers recorded minimum dry weight (2.24 g), (2.27 g) and (2.27 g) at zero,30 and 60 days after storage maximum moisture loss (79.83%) and least time (49.40 hours) for drying than air drying. Among varieties dried by different drying methods, var. Gold Strike recorded minimum dry weight (2.51 g), (2.63 g) and (2.64 g) at zero, 30 and 60 days after storage with maximum moisture loss (76.29%) and minimum (117.03 hours) time for drying. Among the drying methods, var. Taj Mahal of hot air oven drying method recorded maximum score for colour (22.20),(22.10) and (22.00), texture (21.57), (21.27) and (21.07), shape (23.61), (23.41) and (23.11) and overall appearance (22.56), (22.26) and (22.06) at zero days, 30 days and 60 days after storage with least dry weight of (2.24 g) with maximum moisture loss of 79.83 per cent in minimum time (49.40 hours) in hot air oven. Minimum moisture gain was observed in hot air oven drying method (0.27% and 0.27%) at 30 and 60 days after storage.
Effects of form of dietary trace mineral premix on fertility and hatchability of broiler breeder hens and post-hatch performance and carcass parameters of their progenies.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inorganic and/or organic based trace mineral premix in full or half doses in broiler breeders’ diet on hatchability, fertility, post hatch performance, and carcass parameters of broiler progeny. A total of 220 Ross-308, 36 wkold broiler breeders were divided into 4 dietary treatments (100% inorganic, 50% organic + 50% inorganic, 50% organic, and 100% organic trace mineral premix) with 5 replicates of 10 females and 1 male in each pen having similar body weight and egg production. The results of this experiment showed that inclusion of trace minerals source type in broiler breeders’ diet did not have a significant effect on hatching egg characteristic. The results, however, showed that diets containing full (100%) or half (50%) doses of organic and/or inorganic minerals in broiler breeder hens’ diet have a significant effect on fertility rate (P<0.05). The results also showed that growth performance of offspring was, however, not affected by the trace mineral sources or level used in the maternal diets at the end, while carcass weight and carcass yield were significantly affected. It may be concluded that replacing inorganic based trace mineral premix with half or full dose of organic based trace mineral premix in the broiler breeder hens’ diet could improve hatching performance, growth and carcass performances of their progenies.
Central distribution sites and protein expression of human HK-1 in mice

Human hemokinin-1 (human HK-1) is a member of the mammalian tachykinin family encoded by Pptc gene, whose biological activities are needed further investigated. In our previous studies, human HK-1 could induce moderate analgesic effect when injection in mice via intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) route with less potent than the analgesic effect of rat/mouse HK-1, via the opioid-responsive neurons. In present study, we aimed to investigate the central distribution sites and the expression level changes of interested proteins when human HK-1 was injected into mice via i.c. v. route, compared with the corresponding results of recently published work about rat/mouse HK1. In our present research, we found that the distribution sites of human HK-1 were similar with the distribution sites of rat/mouse HK-1 at 10 min when injection via i.c. v. route. In addition, the expression level for POMC protein was increased significantly while the expression level of NK1R was unchanged after injection of human HK-1 via i.c. v. route, which was consistent with the results of rat/mouse HK-1. At 5, 10 and 20 min after injection of human HK-1, the protein expression levels of POMC were 1.06±0.14, 1.40±0.13 and 1.75±0.24, respectively. However, at 5, 10 and 20 min after injection of human HK-1, the protein expression levels of MOR were decreased significantly with the potency of 0.90±0.04, 0.75±0.07 and 0.62±0.16, respectively, which was a totally opposite result compared with the result of rat/mouse HK-1. Our present results, as well as further investigations about the possibility of HK-1 peptides on opioid analgesia and tolerance, may give new insights into the investigation and design of new strategies of pain.
Failure-Resilient Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks in a Shadow Fading Environment

This paper addresses the topological design of wireless multihop networks that are robust against node failures. Given is the following scenario: The nodes are randomly distributed according to a homogeneous Poisson point process of density ρ , each node has the same transmission capabilities, and the wireless channel suffers from a log– normal shadow fading. We investigate the minimum node density ρ required to ensure that all nodes inside a randomly chosen area of size A are k–connected with high probability (k∈N). We derive a tight lower bound for this node density as a function of the channel parameters and compute it for a number of scenarios. The results give insight into how fading affects the network topology.
Assessment of capabilities and limitations of stochastic global optimization methods for modeling mean activity coefficients of ionic liquids

In this paper, we have studied and analyzed the capabilities and limitations of seven stochastic global optimization methods to model mean activity coefficients of ammonium aqueous electrolytes using the electrolyte NRTL model. These stochastic methods are: simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), particle swarm optimization (PSO), DE with tabu list (DETL), harmony search (HS) and bare bones PSO (BBPSO). Convergence characteristics and performances of these optimization methods have been tested and compared using different stopping conditions. Overall, our results indicate that SA, DETL and BBPSO offer better performance and promising convergence characteristics for solving parameter estimation problems involved in the modeling of thermodynamic properties of ionic liquids (ILs). © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.