Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of 1d and 2d electrophoretic separations in microfluidics chips

Electrophoretic separations comprise a group of analytical techniques such as capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), isoelectric focusing (IEF), isotachophoresis (ITP) and free ﬂow electrophoresis (FFE). In all cases, separation is based on the dissimilar mobility of ionic species under the action of an external electric ﬁeld. These techniques, which are widely used in chemical and biochemical analysis, have been miniaturized in the last years and now represent one of the most important applications of the lab-on-a-chip technology. In a previous work, a generalized numerical model of electrophoresis on microﬂuidic devices was presented. The model is based on the set of equations that governs electrical phenomena (Poisson equation), ﬂuid dynamics (Navier-Stokes equations), mass transport (Nerst-Planck equation) and chemical reactions. Also the relationship between the buffer characteristics (ionic strength, pH) and surface potential of channel walls is taken into consideration. In this work, three application examples are presented: (a) an IEF assay with immobilized pH gradient (IPG) including the inﬂuence of electro-osmotic ﬂow on its performance, (b) an IEF assay involving ampholyte-based pH gradient, and (c) a 2D electrophoresis, involving FFIEF plus CZE. The numerical simulation is carried out by using PETSc-FEM (Portable Extensible Toolkit for Scientiﬁc Computation - Finite Elements Method), in a Python environment developed at CIMEC using high performance parallel computing and solving techniques based on domain decomposition methods.
Synchronous polar winter starphotometry and lidar measurements at a High Arctic station

Abstract. We present recent progress on nighttime retrievals of aerosol and cloud optical properties over the PEARL (Polar Environmental Atmospheric Research Laboratory) station at Eureka (Nunavut, Canada) in the High Arctic (80° N, 86° W). In the spring of 2011 and 2012, a star photometer was employed to acquire aerosol optical depth (AOD) data, while vertical aerosol and cloud backscatter profiles were measured using the CANDAC Raman Lidar (CRL). We used a simple backscatter coefficient threshold (βthr) to distinguish aerosols from clouds and, assuming that aerosols were largely fine mode (FM)/sub-micron, to distinguish FM aerosols from coarse mode (CM)/super-micron cloud or crystal particles. Using prescribed lidar ratios, we computed FM and CM AODs that were compared with analogous AODs estimated from spectral star photometry. We found (βthr dependent) coherences between the lidar and star photometer for both FM events and CM cloud and crystal events with averaged, FM absolute differences being
Scaling Up Production of Colloidal Lignin Particles

Fundamentals of nanoprecipitation process to form colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) from tetrahydrofuran (THF)-water solvent system were studied, and applied in establishment of a robust reactor design for scaled-up CLP production. Spherical lignin particles with an average diameter of 220 nm could be produced by the new reactor design. Evaporation was applied for removal of THF, concentration of the CLP dispersions, and finally for drying of the CLPs into flake like dry form. The dried CLPs could be re-dispersed in water to restore their colloidal form by applying short physical agitation. Salt triggered sedimentation of the particles was also investigated as a way for reducing the energy consumption related to water evaporation from the CLP dispersions. Aqueous thermal post-treatments were demonstrated to yield structural reinforcement of the CLP structure against solvation in various lignin solvents. In summary, the presented work pushes forward the conceptual design of large-scale CLP production, and addresses some of the foreseen technical challenges. ADDRESSES OF THE AUTHORS: Timo Leskinen (timo.leskinen@aalto.fi), Matthew Smyth (matthew.smyth@aalto.fi), Maija-Liisa Mattinen (maijaliisa.mattinen@aalto.fi), Monika Österberg (monika.osterberg@aalto.fi), Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems (Bio2), School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland, Yao Xiao (yao.xiao@aalto.fi), Pekka Oinas (pekka.oinas@aalto.fi), Plant Design, Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland, Kalle Lintinen (kalle.lintinen@aalto.fi), Mauri Kostiainen (mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi), Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems (Bio2), Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland Corresponding author: Timo Leskinen
Effect of storage on physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) candy

Abstract Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is highly nutritious and antioxidant-rich vegetable widely grown all over the world. Present study reports the effect of storage on physicochemical, microbial, and antioxidant properties of pumpkin candy. Pumpkin and its candy were analyzed for the physicochemical characteristics like moisture content, ash, total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity, total sugar, reducing sugar, and color. Beta-carotene and vitamin-C content of pumpkin and its candy were also studied. Antioxidant properties like 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total phenolic content (TPC), reducing power, and lipid peroxidation of methanolic extracts of pumpkin and processed candy were evaluated. During storage, a significant increase in TSS while a non-significant increase in titrable acidity, reducing and total sugars was observed. Beta-carotene, vitamin C, color, and antioxidant properties (DPPH, FRAP, TPC, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation) also showed a non-significant decrease during storage at ambient temperature. Microbial load of pumpkin candy (1.74–3.2 log cfu/g) suggested that candies were safe for human consumption during storage. Hence, candy preparation from pumpkin could be an effective method for preservation of pumpkin and retention of its bioactive components.
Monomer diffusion rates in photopolymer material. Part I. Low spatial frequency holographic gratings

For photopolymers, knowing the rate of diffusion of the active monomer is important when modeling the material evolution during recording in order to understand and optimize their performance. Unfortunately, a confusingly wide range of values have been reported in the literature. Re-examining these results, experiments are carried out for both coverplated (sealed) and uncoverplated material layers and the measurements are analyzed using appropriate models. In this way, a more detailed analysis of the diffraction processes taking place for large-period gratings is provided. These results, combined with those in Part II, provide unambiguous evidence that the monomer diffusion rate in a commonly used acrylamide polyvinyl alcohol-based material is of the order of 10 �10 cm 2 =s. This value closely agrees with the predictions of the nonlocal polymerization-driven diffusion model. © 2011 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 090.0090, 050.2770, 050.7330, 160.5470, 090.2900.
Convolution spline approximations for time domain boundary integral equations

We introduce a new "convolution spline'' temporal approximation of time domain boundary integral equations (TDBIEs). It shares some properties of convolution quadrature (CQ) but, instead of being based on an underlying ODE solver, the approximation is explicitly constructed in terms of compactly supported basis functions. This results in sparse system matrices and makes it computationally more efficient than using the linear multistep version of CQ for TDBIE time-stepping. We use a Volterra integral equation (VIE) to illustrate the derivation of this new approach: at time step $t_n = n\dt$ the VIE solution is approximated in a backwards-in-time manner in terms of basis functions $\phi_j$ by $u(t_n-t) \approx \sum_{j=0}^n u_{n-j}\,\phi_j(t/\dt)$ for $t \in [0,t_n]$. We show that using isogeometric B-splines of degree $m\ge 1$ on $[0,\infty)$ in this framework gives a second order accurate scheme, but cubic splines with the parabolic runout conditions at $t=0$ are fourth order accurate. We establish a methodology for the stability analysis of VIEs and demonstrate that the new methods are stable for non-smooth kernels which are related to convergence analysis for TDBIEs, including the case of a Bessel function kernel oscillating at frequency $\oo(1/\dt)$. Numerical results for VIEs and for TDBIE problems on both open and closed surfaces confirm the theoretical predictions.
The Use of L 1 as a Writing Strategy in L 2 Writing Tasks

Numerous studies have investigated how students integrate L1 for the function of acquiring L2 writing proficiency. However, there is still no consensus that relates the degree of L1 use and various writing strategies in L2 writing to student proficiency levels and writing genres or writing tasks. The present study explored these issues over the course of 14 weeks with nine Korean university students of three different proficiency levels performing six writing tasks in two genres. The data were collected from the students‟ think-aloud protocols and retrospective interviews. The think-aloud and interview data were analyzed to examine the students‟ use of L1 during the L2 writing. The think-aloud protocols were also coded into their functions for what purposes each language type was used. The results showed that lower level students used their L1 more than the advanced students, but all students used L1 to different degrees depending on each task. In other words, the students reacted differently in accordance with task familiarity and the relative ease or difficulty of the task. The study also found that there was no consistent relationship between language proficiency and the types of writing strategies the students used in L2 composition. On the other hand, this study showed that although the types of writing strategies the students employed were similar, the students of various proficiency levels applied L1 strategies to their writing in different ways. The findings showed that L1 use in L2 writing can play an encouraging role for both the ideational and compensatory purposes, suggesting that the strategic use of L1 can contribute to improvement in L2 composition. The paper discusses that writing instruction should focus more on the topics of how to use writing strategies as well as what writing strategies to use.
Non-Standard Employment Patterns in the Netherlands

The Dutch labour market is the European leader in part-time employment. Both for men and women the incidence of part-time work is higher than in most other European countries. However, this does not imply that traditional employment – i.e. full-time jobs – have disappeared in the Netherlands. In fact, looking at aggregate figures masks the enormous heterogeneity in the incidence of atypical work across different occupations. This paper investigates trends in atypical work in the Netherlands in the period 1994-2008, where specific attention has been paid to differential trends across different occupations over time. We find that there is a huge amount of variety in atypical work across Dutch occupations. To a certain extent this matches the preferences of employees and employers in the Dutch labour market. However, some workers – in particular low-skilled workers – suffer from job insecurity and a lack of career prospects due to their limited possibilities to move to better jobs. The current economic crisis and the rising unemployment rate make their situation even more uncertain.
Learning to learn: improving attainment, closing the gap at Key Stage 3

ABSTRACT In 2010, a comprehensive secondary school in the south of England implemented a whole-school approach to ‘learning to learn’ (L2L). Drawing on a range of evidence-based practices, a team of teachers worked collaboratively to design and deliver a taught L2L curriculum to all students throughout Key Stage 3. In total, the first cohort of students (n = 118) received more than 400 taught lessons throughout years 7–9. The impact of L2L on student attainment at Sea View was evaluated over those 3 years, using the pre-L2L cohort as a matched control group (n = 148). By the end of year 9, a significantly higher proportion of L2L students were either hitting or exceeding their target grades, compared with the control group. There was also a significant closing of the attainment gap between students eligible for the pupil premium and their peers (2%, vs. 25% in the control group). Key features of the L2L approach at Sea View are considered in terms of similarities and differences with other L2L approaches. Conclusions are drawn that the success of this approach lies in the combination of multiple effective practices. Recommendations for further research and development of the field are proposed.
Inpatient satisfaction level survey at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Patient satisfaction is an important measure of quality of services in a healthcare organization. Other than the medical care issues, the satisfaction and experience involves personal relationships, attention to pain and health education, and the status of hospital environment. Patient's opinion is an important because dissatisfaction suggests opportunities for improvement of health services in the hospital. This study was done with the aim to assess the satisfaction levels in inpatients of a tertiary care hospital and to compare interdepartmental satisfaction scores in the same hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was done in inpatients of the department of general medicine, general surgery and obstetrics & gynaecology wards of Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur for two consecutive days. A total of 150 adult female patients were included in the study. Structured questionnaire was developed from previously used survey tools, and validated in present patients group, and patient satisfaction was checked. Results: The demographic data of patients showed that majority of respondents were belonged to age group 20-30 years (50.7%) followed by less than 20 years (20%), more than 40 years (15.3%) and 30-40 years (12%). About 29.33% respondents were uneducated followed by primary level (25.33%), senior secondary level (24%) and graduation (21.33%). 90% respondents belonged to Hindu religion. 36.6% of the respondents were either technicians or doing a clerical job. Almost equal numbers (33.3%) were unemployed and 30% belonged to the labour class. Only 15 patients (10%) were either professionals or on managerial posts. Conclusions: This study highlighted overall patient satisfaction was good regarding the quality of health care services of Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital. Areas where patient satisfaction was found to be lowest were patience shown by the nursing staff while communicating with patients and hospital ambiance in terms of peacefulness, both of these are important aspects of health care and there is imperative need to address these problems effectively and urgently in order to improve quality of care.
Intracluster light at the Frontier - II. The Frontier Fields Clusters

Multiwavelength deep observations are a key tool to understand the origin of the diffuse light in clusters of galaxies: the intra-cluster light (ICL). For this reason, we take advantage of the Hubble Frontier Fields survey to investigate the properties of the stellar populations of the ICL of its 6 massive intermediate redshift (0.3 10^15 Msol) clusters is formed by the stripping of MW-like objects that have been accreted at z<1, in agreement with current simulations. We do not find any significant increase in the fraction of light of the ICL with cosmic time, although the redshift range explored is narrow to derive any strong conclusion. When exploring the slope of the stellar mass density profile, we found that the ICL of the HFF clusters follows the shape of their underlying dark matter haloes, in agreement with the idea that the ICL is the result of the stripping of galaxies at recent times.
Self-Medication Practice Among Health Science Students In International University Of Africa (Iua), Khartoum, Sudan

Self-medication can be defined as the use of drugs to treat selfdiagnosed disorders or symptoms or the intermittent or continued use of a prescribed drug for chronic or recurrent disease or symptoms. The self-medication option is usually selected by consumers for symptoms that they regard as sufficiently troublesome to require drug therapy, but not serious enough to justify a physician consultation. Objectives: To determine the reasons, extent and correlates of self-medication among health science students in IUA. Methodology: This was a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study done (n=241) health science students in IUA, Khartoum from November 2015 to April 2015. It is a questionnaire based study and the history of self-medication for the last six months was collected. Result: Both positive attitude towards self-medication and prevalence of selfmedication were high in the study as reported by 49% and 74% respectively. Mildness of illness was the main reason for self-medication. Headache was the main condition and accordingly paracetamol was the highest reported drug used as self-medication. Pharmacy was the main source of medication and self-decision was the leading source of information for self-medication. The majority of the students fully relieved after self-medication. No association between self-medication and study year was found (p>0.05). Pharmacy students practiced self-medication more than the non-pharmacy students. Conclusion: The study World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 6.805 Volume 5, Issue 5, 61-69. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 *Corresponding Author
FOOD ADDITIONS THAT CONSUMERS IN THE PROFESSIONAL SECTOR IN THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN ARE LIKELY TO CONSUME TO ENHANCE THEIR PHYTOCHEMICAL INTAKE

The consumption of phytochemicals present in vegetables, fruit, tea and herbs may prevent the onset of non-communicable diseases; however, the diet of many South Africans is deficient in these foods. The objectives of this study were to determine whether consumers in the professional sector in the City of Cape Town would be (i) likely to consume home-cooked dishes for enhanced phytochemical intake and, if so, (ii) which vegetable, fruit and herb additions as phytochemical providers and which dishes as food vehicles for herb and rooibos addition they would be likely to consume, and (iii) who would be likely to consume them. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain this information. The respondents (n = 184) were less likely to consume onion as vegetable and mint as herb additions to dishes and more likely to consume fruit and herb additions than rooibos addition. Egg, chicken and potato were the more likely food vehicles for herb addition while starch-based dishes were more likely food vehicles for rooibos addition. Female respondents were significantly (p < 0,05) more likely to consume dishes with added fruit than the male respondents, while older respondents were significantly (p < 0,05) more likely to consume dishes with added herbs and fruit than younger respondents.
Pesticidal effects of indigenous plant extracts against rape aphids and tomato red spider mites

Aphids, Brevicoryne brassicae and Red spider mites, Tetranychus evansi are the most damaging pests of rape, Brassica napus and tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, respectively. Farmers respond by using synthetic pesticides which pose environmental challenges. Extracts of Lippia javanica leaf powder and Solanum delagoense ripe fruit pulp were evaluated for pesticidal effects under on-station conditions against rape aphids and tomato red spider mites as alternatives to conventional pesticides and in comparison to Neem, Azadirachta indica leaf powder. The extracts of A. indica, L. javanica and S. delagoense were mixed with water at 8, 12.5 and 25 % w/v respectively. Amitraz and dimethoate were applied on tomato and rape respectively at label rate. Extracts were kept for 24 h at room temperature and then sieved. A liquid soap surfactant was added at 0.1 % v/v, prior to spraying. Sprays were applied weekly once pest infestations had established within the crop. Pests were counted 24 h after spraying for six weeks. Plant extracts significantly reduced pest numbers (P < 0.05) in both experiments. Dimethoate reduced aphid by 96 % while amitraz reduced red spider mite by 72%. L. javanica and S. delagoense at 12.5 and 25 % reduced aphids by 63 % and 57.9 % and mites by 66.5 % and 55 %, respectively. Both extracts were more effective on aphids than mites while L . javanica was more effective than S. delagoense on both crop pests. L. javanica and S. delagoense had some pesticidal effects against the vegetable pests.
Excessive TV viewing time and associated factors in Brazilian adolescents from a rural area

Purpose. Sedentary behavior has been identified as a risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases. This study identified the prevalence of excessive TV viewing time during the week and weekend and associated factors in adolescents living in a small urban and rural area. Methods. A cross-sectional study involving 283 students (aged 10–19 years) from Brazil was conducted in 2010. Data on TV viewing time and sociodemographic information were collected by questionnaires, cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated by the 20-m shuttle run test, and anthropometric characteristics were obtained by measuring waist circumference and skinfold thickness. Statistical analysis involved binary logistic regression. Results. The prevalence of excessive TV viewing time ( 2 h) was 76.7% during on weekdays and 78.4% on the weekend. Adolescents aged 10–12 years (Or = 6.20; 95% CI = 2.91, 13.19; p < 0.001) and 13–15 years (Or = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.28, 5.18; p = 0.008) were more exposed to excessive TV viewing time during the week. No associations were found for excessive TV viewing time on the weekend. Conclusions. Approximately 8 in 10 adolescents presented excessive TV viewing time; excessive TV viewing time during the week was associated with age.
Parameter adaptation to individualize pressure reconstruction

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.