Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Evaluation of Nyctanthes arbor tristis and Alstonia scholaris Leaves Extracts in Freunds Complete Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Rats

The present study was carried out to evaluate anti-arthritic potential of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis and Alstonia scholaris extracts of leaves in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. The anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by adjuvant-induced arthritis at the dose of 200 and 400mg/kg body weight and the standard drug used was prednisolone in 10 mg/kg. The extracts administered in higher doses reduced the lesions to a greater extent showing a dose-dependent decrease in lesions comparable with standard drug prednisolone. The extracts of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis and Alstonia scholaris showed significant increase in body weight as compared to arthritic control group. The extracts of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis and Alstonia scholaris showed significant decrease (P<0.001) in WBC count, ESR, increase in hemoglobin contents, and RBC count as compared to control group. In conclusion, we demonstrate that, at 400mg/kg body weight, doses of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis and Alstonia scholaris extracts were highly effective in preventing and suppressing the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis.
Bioprospecting fungal diversity from crude oil infiltrate soil of Assam, India’s Northeast

The Screening of native fungi from crude oil contaminated soil of Assam is conducted. Total crude oil concentrations varied from 39000 mg.Kg -1 to 51500 mg.Kg -1 . The soil fungal population varied from 14.6×10 6 CFU.g -1 to 19.2×10 6 CFU.g -1 soil. Twenty fungal strains were isolated and out of them seven were selected on the basis of their ability to grow in PDA medium where crude oil is used as sole carbon source. The growth rate and tolerance of each strain to crude oil were examined and were found quite satisfactory. The radial extension rate varied from 0.03 cm.d −1 to 0.50 cm.d −1 and exhibited significant differences (P< 0.01) among the selected strains. The degradation percentage of crude oil was in the range of 71% to 89% in mineral salt medium (MSL) after the incubation for 28 days showing outstanding potential of isolates.
Interfaces and Space Charge in Polymeric Insulating Materials

In this paper, the influence of interface between electrode and polymer or polymer and polymer on space charge dynamics has been studied. Planar samples of low density polyethylene (LDPE) were subjected to high dc electric stresses for extended periods of time and space charge measurements were taken using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique. Common electrode materials used in either laboratory or power cable industry were selected (i.e. aluminium (Al), gold (Au) and carbon loaded XLPE (Sc)). Experimental results demonstrated that charge injection processes take place in all cases once the applied electric stress has exceeded a threshold value. However, the amount of charge and polarity of the dominant injected charges showed a significant dependence on the electrode materials (under the same applied electric stress). Having establishing the influence of electrode materials on charge accumulation, our attention was then focused on the effect of polymer/polymer interface on charge dynamics. Unlike our previous approach where two different polymeric materials were used, this time the polymer/polymer interface was formed by using two layer of LDPE films cut from the same sheet. Sc and Al were used as electrodes to form different combinations. The results clearly indicated that the interface between two layers of LDPE acts as traps for electrons but not for positive charge carriers. The charge distribution in the bulk of the sample strongly depends on the electrode materials.
SEISMIC HAZARD IN ANDALUSIA REGION (SOUTHERN SPAIN).

The global objective of the SISMOSAN Project has been to provide a general seismic risk assessment of Andalusian region (Southern Spain) associated with the ground motions expected for a return period of 475 years. The project was financed by Civil Defence of Andalusia and its results will be applied to the definition of regional emergency plans. We present here the study and main results of the first phase of the project, aimed at evaluating seismic hazard. In contrast to most of the previous studies in the region, which were performed for peak ground accelerations (PGA) making use of Intensity-to-PGA relationships, hazard was here calculated in terms of magnitude and using published spectral ground-motion models. Moreover, we have considered distinct models for the Atlantic earthquakes, since the attenuation of those motions seem to be slower, as evidenced by the extensive macroseismic areas of the 1755, 1969 and 2007 earthquakes. A comprehensive revision of the seismic catalogue, as well as of the seismogenic models proposed for the region (including those for North Africa, which is part of the influence area) has been done. In a first step, seismic hazard was evaluated at generic rock sites covering the entire region, using a seismic catalogue homogenized to moment magnitude and considering attenuation models in terms of PGA and spectral ordinates (SA). A Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) methodology was followed using a logic tree, in order to constrain the epistemic uncertainty, including two nodes for different options of zonification and attenuation models. In a second step, a geotechnical characterization of the whole region has been carried out, mainly inferred from geological maps and refined with on-site data, which are combined with rock acceleration estimates, in order to compose hazard maps that incorporate local soil effects.
KAJIAN KEBERLANGSUNGAN RUMAH TUNGGU KELAHIRAN (RTK) DALAM UPAYA MENURUNKAN ANGKA KEMATIAN MATERNAL DI INDONESIA

Maternal Mortality Rate in Indonesia is still the highest compared to other ASEAN countries and faces a gap in access to health services. It needs a waiting house that is close to health service facility and can be temporarily occupied by pregnant mother before delivery which is Maternal Waiting Homes (MWH). This analysis to know aspects that can maintain the continuity of RTK services. This study uses secondary data by listing the policy and regulatory documents related to RTK policy and by organizing several workshops to gain a view of policy makers. The results show that the MWH fi nancing system is still local and not well coordinated. The number of health workers who provide services in MWH is still limited. Likewise, MWH facilities and facilities are still inadequate, in particular, water and electricity problems, as well as a place for families accompanying maternity mothers. Most MWH s only provide facilities for living without maternal and neonatal care services. Several efforts have been made by the local government in encouraging the utilization of MWH in pregnant women among others by involving customary institutions and the use of communication technology for early emergency detection of pregnant women. MWH sustainability can be built with the full support of local government, socialization and synergies with related sectors. Abstrak Angka Kematian Ibu di Indonesia tertinggi dibandingkan negara-negara ASEAN lain dan menghadapikesenjangan akses pelayanan kesehatan. Rumah tempat menunggu yang dekat dengan fasilitas pelayanankesehatan dan dapat dihuni sementara oleh ibu hamil sebelum persalinan yaitu Rumah Tunggu Kelahiran(RTK) merupakan salah satu alternatif solusi. Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui aspek yang dapat menjagakeberlangsungan layanan RTK. Kajian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan cara menginventarisir dokumenkebijakan dan peraturan perundangan yang terkait dengan kebijakan RTK serta dengan mengadakan beberapaworkhop untuk memperoleh sudut pandang para penentu kebijakan. Hasil menunjukkan sistem pembiayaanRTK masih bersifat lokal dan belum terkoordinasi dengan baik. Jumlah tenaga kesehatan yang memberikanpelayanan di RTK masih terbatas. Demikian juga fasilitas dan sarana RTK masih belum memadai, terutama,masalah air dan listrik, serta tempat untuk keluarga yang mendampingi ibu bersalin. Sebagian besar RTKhanya menyediakan fasilitas untuk tinggal tanpa pelayanan perawatan kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Beberapaupaya telah dilakukan pemerintah lokal dalam mendorong pemanfaatan RTK pada ibu hamil di antaranyadengan melibatkan lembaga adat dan penggunaan teknologi komunikasi untuk deteksi darurat dini bumil risti.Keberlangsungan RTK dapat dibangun dengan dukungan penuh pemerintah daerah, sosialisasi dan bersinergidengan lintas sektor terkait.
Sustainable effects of diatomite on the growth criteria and phytochemical contents of Vicia faba plants.

Recent scientific findings proved that silicon feeding will provide benefits to plant growth and yield depending on the source of Si, the mode of application , the concentration used, the plant species , the mode of action and the biotic or abiotic factor involved. To better understand the intrinsic properties of Si , this work was conducted using a series of diatomite (diatomaceous earth)at rates of 0,2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg soil, to look into the most subtle changes in the growth , yield, metabolism, electropharetic protein and isozyme pattern of faba bean ( Vicia faba) plant. Indeed, diatomite-treated plants displayed an over all better morphological increments expressed as shoot and root length , number of leaves and pods/ plant, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots and physiological activity expressed as chlorophyll a,b and total pigments , total soluble sugars (TSS) and total sugars (TS), photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, % of leaf relative humidity ( %LRH), net intercellular carbon dioxide (∆CO2), total nitrogen (TN) and total soluble nitrogen (TSN) and the concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium(Ca) and magnesium (Mg) than non-treated faba bean plants . Furthermore, diatomites (86-89 % SiO2) induced and restored ten electrophoretic protein bands which confirmed their significance as an algal manure in accelarating the gene functions to perform, in an elevated rate, new silence genes to operate thus expressing new protein profiles. Soil fertilization by diatomites induced four esterase ( EST), three peroxidase (POD), two catalase (CAT) and three acid phosphatase (ACP) isozyme polymorphic bands which were absent in the control plants . The intensity and density of these bands were significantly increased in response to diatomite treatment. The impact of diatomite is time-dependent as it became more effective while the experiment continued and increased in a dose-related manner . Reversibly, diatomites application showed negative response in the transpiration rate and the values of both carotenoids, sodium and iron. This study highlighted the fact that diatomites are important component of the production system and should not be ignored when attempting to attribute causes for below optimum production
Nonconventional Use of Substances among Youth in Nigeria: Viewpoints of Students in a Nigerian Tertiary Institution

Introduction: The use of substances such as whitish end of lizard dung, hydrogen sulphide gas (sewer gas), seed of Zakami, Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), rubber solutions, nail polish cleaners, pawpaw leave and seed, Moringa (Zogale) leave, tear gas, gun powder, Mandara (Kafra) and gutter from toilet for nonconventional purpose among Nigerian youths has become a source of concern at various levels of the society. Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 220 participants recruited during two class sessions in the school. Results: More than half (117, 58.2 %) of the participants were males and over two-fifth (87, 43.5%) were between the ages of 21 and 25 years. A greater portion (174, 87%) of participants had heard about nonconventional use of these substances; whitish end of lizard dung, hydrogen sulphide gas (sewer gas), Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), rubber solutions, nail polish, pawpaw leave, pawpaw seed, Moringa (Zogale) leave, seed of Zakami, tear gas, gun powder, Mandara (Kafra) and gutter from toilet. Participants’ education, age group and geopolitical zones were associated with awareness level, influencing factors and complication as a result of nonconventional substance use. Conclusion: Most participants in this study affirmed that the use of nonconventional substances among youths in Nigeria is on the rampant, especially in the northern region.
Estimates of genetic parameters and cluster analyses for carcass and meat quality traits in birds

The objective of this work was to estimate genetic parameters for bird carcass and meat quality traits, as well as to explore the genetic patterns of the breeding values of this population using cluster analyses. Data from 1,846 birds were used to estimate the genetic parameters of production and quality traits using the multiple-trait animal model, and cluster analyses were performed. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.08±0.03 for meat pH measured 24 hours after slaughter to 0.85±0.09 for body weight. The genetic correlations between production traits were high and positive. The genetic correlations between meat quality traits were low and were not informative due to the high standard errors (same magnitudes as those of the genetic correlations). The genetic correlations between meat production and quality traits were negative, except between production traits and meat lightness intensity. Based on breeding values (EBVs), the evaluated population can be divided into four groups through cluster analyses, and one group is suitable for selection because the birds presented EBVs above and around the average of the population, respectively, for production and quality traits. Therefore, it is possible to obtain genetic gains for production-related traits without decreasing meat quality.
The functions of the P3 cistron of Clover yellow vein virus in resistance breaking and cell-to-cell movement in Pisum sativum [an abstract of entire text]

Title The functions of the P3 cistron of Clover yellow vein virus in resistance breaking and cell-to-cell movement in Pisum sativum [an abstract of entire text] Author(s) 崔, 善熹 Citation 北海道大学. 博士(農学) 甲第11102号 Issue Date 2013-09-25 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/53957 Type theses (doctoral abstract of entire text) Note この博士論文全文の閲覧方法については、以下のサイトをご参照ください。 Note(URL) https://www.lib. hokudai.ac. jp/dissertations/copy-guides/ File Information Sun_Hee_Choi_summary. pdf
Body size changes in passerine birds introduced to New Zealand from the UK

One feature of global geographic variation in avian body sizes is that they are larger on isolated islands than on continental regions. Therefore, this study aims to assess whether there have been changes in body size following successful establishment for seven passerine bird species (blackbird Turdus merula, song thrush T. philomelos, house sparrow Passer domesticus, chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, greenfinch Chloris chloris, goldfinch Carduelis carduelis, yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella) introduced from the continental islands of the UK to the more isolated oceanic landmass of New Zealand in the middle of the nineteenth century. Measures of tarsus length were taken from individuals from contemporary UK and New Zealand populations of these species, and from historical specimens collected around the time that individuals were translocated from the UK to New Zealand. Analysis of Variance was used to test for size differences between contemporary UK and New Zealand populations, and between historical UK and contemporary UK and New Zealand populations. Historical UK populations have longer tarsi, on average, than 12 (7 UK and 5 New Zealand) of the 14 contemporary populations. Significant decreases in tarsus length relative to the historical populations have occurred in the UK for blackbird, chaffinch and greenfinch, and in the New Zealand blackbird population. Contemporary New Zealand house sparrows have significantly longer tarsi, on average, than both historical and contemporary UK populations. Exposure to novel environments may be expected to lead to changes in the morphology and other traits of exotic species, but changes have also occurred in the native range. In fact, contrary to expectations, the most common differences we found
Coronal prominence structure and dynamics: A magnetic flux rope interpretation

[1] The solar prominence is an example of a space physics phenomenon that can be modeled as a twisted magnetic flux tube or magnetic flux “rope. ” In such models the prominence is one observable part of a larger magnetic structure capable of storing magnetic energy to drive eruptions. We show how a flux rope model explains a range of observations of prominences and associated structures such as cavities and soft X-ray sigmoids and discuss in particular the observational and dynamic consequences of three-dimensional reconnections in and around the evolving magnetic flux rope. We demonstrate that the flux rope model can describe the prominence's preeruption structure and dynamics, loss of equilibrium, and behavior during and after an eruption in which part of the flux rope is expelled from the corona.
Effects of Plant-derived Frying Oils on the Bone Structure of Normal Male Rats

Vitamin E has been shown to have anabolic action on bone of normal male rats. The presence of vitamin E in palm and soy oil, the commonly used plant-derived frying oils have rendered them more resistant to oxidation when repeatedly heated. Previous studies have shown that repeatedly heated frying oils had caused bone loss in ovariectomised rats. This was believed to be contributed by the generation of free radicals in the heated frying oils. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of repeatedly heated palm and soy oils on the bone of normal male rats. Methods: Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into seven groups according to their diet; normal control (NC), fresh palm oil (FPO), fresh soy oil (FSO), five times heated palm oil (5HPO), five times heated soy oil (5HSO), ten times heated palm oil (10HPO) and ten times heated soy oil (10HSO). The rats were fed for six months with rat chow mixed with the respective oils at 15% (w/w). Bone structural changes were assessed by performing histomorphometry on the rat femora. The parameters measured were Trabecular volume (BV/TV), Trabecular thickness (TbTh), Trabecular separation (TbSp) and Trabecular Number (TbN). Results: There were no significant differences in all the structural histomorphometric parameters of the repeatedly heated oils groups when compared to normal control and fresh oils groups. Conclusion: Repeatedly heated palm and soy oils are safe and not detrimental to the bone structure of normal male rats. The vitamin E content in the oils may be responsible for these bone protective effects.
The impact of the wind stress curl in the North Atlantic on the Atlantic inflow to the Norwegian Sea toward the Arctic

The Norwegian Atlantic Current (NwAC) through the Norwegian Sea serves as a conduit of warm and saline Atlantic water from the North Atlantic to the Arctic Ocean, an important factor for climate and ecology. In this study, we concentrate on how the North Atlantic wind stress curl (NAWSC) affects interannual variability on the major branch of the NwAC—the Norwegian Atlantic Slope Current (NwASC). Based on wind stress data from the NCEP reanalysis and estimated volume transport of the NwASC from current records during 1995–2003 in the Svinøy section (62°N), our analysis shows that the volume transport in the NwASC exhibits a maximum correlation of 0.88 with the zonally integrated NAWSC at 55°N 15 months earlier. Our findings reveal the NAWSC to be a major forcing for interannual variability of the NwASC in the range of 3.0‐ to 5.3 Sv (Sv = 106 m3 s−1). The 15 month time lag appears to be in accordance with a forced baroclinic Rossby wave in response to the local Ekman pumping changing the baroclinicity and strength of the North Atlantic Current (NAC). After being converted to a nearly barotropic shelf edge current along the Irish‐Scottish shelf through interaction with bottom topography, it appears as a barotropic response downstream in the Svinøy section. This result suggests the possibility of predicting conditions influenced by the NwASC more than a year in advance, using the NAWSC as a proxy.
Factors Affecting Detection Probability of Burrowing Owls in Southwest Agroecosystem Environments

ABSTRACT Estimating range-wide population trends of western burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) requires standardized survey protocols that correct for detection bias in environments that support large owl populations. High concentrations of owls exist in irrigated agroecosystems within the southwest United States, yet little is known about the factors that affect detection bias during owl surveys in these systems. I used closed-population capture-recapture models to evaluate 4 factors that could affect the probability of a surveyor detecting an owl activity center (i.e., nest burrow) during visual surveys where owls are the focal object and analyzed the relationship (linear or curvilinear) between specific factors and detection probability. I recorded 1,199 detections of owls from 132 capture-recapture surveys within 12 sites of the Imperial Valley agroecosystem in California, USA between 16 April and 20 May 2006. I also conducted 96 time budget surveys throughout the day and used mixed linear models to evaluate the effect of each factor on probability of an owl activity center being available for detection (i.e., ≥1 owls above ground) during surveys. Model selection results indicated that detection probability was influenced by ambient air temperature interacting with wind speed. Detection probability followed a curvilinear relationship that resembled bell-shaped curve along a temperature gradient, with the maximum detection probability shifting as a function of wind speed. At low temperatures, detection probability declined with increased wind speed, but this relationship was reversed at high temperatures, producing a 3-dimensional pattern in detection probability characterized by a saddle-shaped hyperbolic paraboloid response surface. The probability of an activity center being available for detection declined curvilinearly with increased temperature and explained 51% of the variation in detection probability. Given the broad range of detection probabilities, correcting visual survey counts for detection bias is necessary for comparing population estimates among regions and through time. Survey designs intended to estimate abundance of owls in southwest agroecosystems should incorporate methods to estimate and correct for variation in detection probability that include measurements of ambient temperature and wind speed for use as covariates.
Colonoscopy Withdrawal Time and Adenoma Detection Rate: A Japanese Multicenter Analysis

AIM : Limited evidence exists on the relationship between colonoscopy withdrawal time and adenoma detection rate in Japan. We aimed to clarify the clinical impact of colonoscopy withdrawal time in a Japanese setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS : We recruited 6,919 consecutive patients from four Japanese endoscopic centers between April 2010 and April 2011. Colonoscopists were divided into the following groups based on the median withdrawal time of a negative colonoscopy: <6 min (group A), 6–9 min (group B), and ≥10 min (group C). We analyzed the relationship between these withdrawal time groups and adenoma detection rateusing multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS : The final analysis included 3,862 patients. Group A included 201 (3 colonoscopists), group B included 2,741 (13 colonoscopists), and group C included 920patients (9 colonoscopists). We found that adenoma detection rates tended to increase with longer median negative colonoscopy withdrawal times ( p <0.01). Compared with group A, the odds ratios in group B and group C were 1.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42–2.76) and 2.51 (95% CI, 1.68–3.75), respectively. CONCLUSIONS : A colonoscopy withdrawal time of over 6 min appears to be a quality indicator for colonoscopy even in a Japanese setting.