Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The experience of knowing : a hermeneutic study of intuitive emergency nursing practice

This study described the nature and component themes captured within the intuitive practice of emergency nursing; it also explicates the nature of expert practice as define by Patricia Benner in 1984. The history of intuitive practice or as noted in this study the experience of knowing has to this point only been anecdotal. The experience of knowing needed to either be validated or refuted so that its place in emergency nursing could be found. The study was informed by the philosophy and method of phenomenology. The participants in the study were fourteen experienced emergency nurses with between 4.5 – 23 emergency nursing years. These participants through their stories and experiences of emergency practice expressed their experience of knowing. Through a van Manen process and Gadamerian analysis six themes associated with the ways in which my participants experienced knowing, were identified. These were named, knowledge, experience, connection, feeling, syncretism and trust. Further analysis uncovered a developmental relationship between the themes in general and with each other. Culminating in the reconstruction of Benner’s expert stage into three distinct phases, Cognitive intuition, transitional intuition and embodied intuition. To enable the full expression of these findings a mathematical theory has been put forward.
Legislators' Response to Changes in the Electorate: The Great Migration and Civil Rights

Between 1940 and 1970, during the second Great Migration, more than 4 million African Americans moved from the South to the North of the United States. In this period, blacks were often excluded from the political process in the South, but were eligible to vote in the North. We study how, by changing the composition and the preferences of the northern electorate, the Great Migration affected both voters’ demand for racial equality and legislators’ support for civil rights legislation. We predict black inflows by interacting historical settlements of southern born blacks across northern counties with the differential rate of black emigration from different southern states after 1940. We find that black in-migration increased the Democratic vote share and encouraged grassroots activism, not only among black but also, and crucially, among white voters. In turn, Congress members representing areas more exposed to black inflows became increasingly supportive of civil rights. They were not only more likely to vote in favor of pro-civil rights bills, but also more willing to take direct actions, such as signing discharge petitions, to promote racial equality. Investigating the mechanisms, we document that both “between” and “within” party changes contributed to the shift in the position of northern legislators on civil rights. Taken together, our findings suggest that the Great Migration played an important role in the development and success of the civil rights movement. ∗We are extremely grateful to Jim Snyder for several insightful suggestions and for many constructive conversations. We also thank Leah Boustan, Melissa Dell, Ryan Enos, Jeff Frieden, Nicola Gennaioli, Vincent Pons, Matt Weinzierl, and seminar participants at LMU and at the Yale Politics and History Conference for useful comments. We are grateful to Eric Schickler and Kathryn Pearson for sharing with us data on signatures on discharge petitions, and to James Gregory for sharing datasets on NAACP presence and CORE non-violent demonstrations. Pier Paolo Creanza and Silvia Farina provided excellent research assistance. All remaining errors are ours. †Stanford University. Email: acald@stanford.edu ‡Stanford University, Department of Political Science. Email: vfouka@stanford.edu §Harvard Business School. Email: mtabellini@hbs.edu
Question-based Methodology for Rating the Severity of Defects in Construction Through on-Site Inspection

The impact of defects in construction is still not well-defined, and it is challenging to quantify all related indirect variables numerically. The majority of the studies in this field focus on the direct impact of defects on costs and planning, neglecting other indirect impacts that are more difficult to measure. Hence, it is vital to evaluate and classify the defects based on their impact, so that priorities can be defined for action both in their correction and prevention. In this work, a generalized methodology to grade the severity of defects was developed based on five impacts: impact on costs, planning, health and safety, system performance, and subsequent tasks.A suitable variant of failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) was selected in order to develop a qualitative analysis methodology to grade the impact factors, severity, and risk prior number (RPN) of defects, based on question forms. Moreover, the presented methodology was applied on-site and compared with FMEA traditional severity calculations applied in the same construction project by the same individuals evaluating the same severity of defects.The obtained results from both methodologies were slightly different, and the authors believe that the identified tendency of different severity levels between both calculations could lead to different risk categories when applied to the whole project. Moreover, it is expected that the proposed methodology can also help separate the impacts for an individual evaluation of the defects.
Analyzing Knowledge Graph Embedding Methods from a Multi-Embedding Interaction Perspective

Knowledge graph is a popular format for representing knowledge, with many applications to semantic search engines, question-answering systems, and recommender systems. Real-world knowledge graphs are usually incomplete, so knowledge graph embedding methods, such as Canonical decomposition/Parallel factorization (CP), DistMult, and ComplEx, have been proposed to address this issue. These methods represent entities and relations as embedding vectors in semantic space and predict the links between them. The embedding vectors themselves contain rich semantic information and can be used in other applications such as data analysis. However, mechanisms in these models and the embedding vectors themselves vary greatly, making it difficult to understand and compare them. Given this lack of understanding, we risk using them ineffectively or incorrectly, particularly for complicated models, such as CP, with two role-based embedding vectors, or the state-of-the-art ComplEx model, with complex-valued embedding vectors. In this paper, we propose a multi-embedding interaction mechanism as a new approach to uniting and generalizing these models. We derive them theoretically via this mechanism and provide empirical analyses and comparisons between them. We also propose a new multi-embedding model based on quaternion algebra and show that it achieves promising results using popular benchmarks. Source code is available on github at this https URL
Bases biofísicas de la localización de los generadores cerebrales del electroencefalograma: aplicación de un modelo de tipo distribuido a la localización de focos epilépticos

Introduccion. La actividad electrica del cerebro, medida como senal de electroencefalograma (EEG) es todavia una herramienta valiosa para la comprension del funcionamiento cerebral en situacion normal y patologica. El EEG presenta una alta resolucion temporal y una relativamente baja resolucion espacial. Esta ultima puede mejorarse notablemente a partir de una solucion al problema inverso con la inclusion de informacion a priori de origen anatomico y fisiologico. Desarrollo. El presente articulo de revision presenta las bases biofisicas que permiten la localizacion de fuentes cerebrales basadas en modelos realistas de la cabeza, asi como la descripcion de los dos modelos de fuentes usados: modelos dipolares y modelos de soluciones distribuidas. Finalmente, se presenta un ejemplo de la aplicacion de la tecnica de solucion distribuida denominada EPIFOCUS a la localizacion de focos epilepticos.
Development, Implementation, and Assessment of a Competency Model for a Graduate Public Affairs Program in Health Administration

Abstract Competency-based education has become the norm for professional graduate degree programs. This paper describes the development, implementation, and ongoing validation of a competency model designed for a multifaceted public administration program. The model is based on accreditation standards and competencies promulgated by NASPAA and CAHME, and reflects a unique focus on community-engaged pedagogies. A framework consisting of 10 competencies was implemented in 2011–12 and validated through feedback from stakeholders, alumni, field preceptors, and graduates. A two-dimensional matrix of content coverage and expected levels of competency attainment delineates the articulation of competencies, curriculum, and course content, and provides a framework for program evaluation. Multiple methods for evaluating the competency-based graduate health administration program are described. Ongoing efforts to refine courses, the curriculum, and the competency model are discussed in the context of the program’s mission, multiple accreditation standards, assessment of student learning outcomes, and engagement of community stakeholders.
Exploiting the Use of Cooperation in Self-Organizing Reliable Multiagent Systems

In this paper, a novel and cooperative approach is exploited introducing a self-organizing engine to achieve high reliability and availability in multiagent systems. The Adaptive Multiagent Systems theory is applied to design adaptive groups of agents in order to build reliable multiagent systems. According to this theory, adaptiveness is achieved via the cooperative behaviors of agents and their ability to change the communication links autonomously. In this approach, there is not a centralized control mechanism in the multiagent system and there is no need of global knowledge of the system to achieve reliability. This approach was implemented to demonstrate its performance gain in a set of experiments performed under different operating conditions. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of this approach.
User Assessment of Personal Digital Assistants Used in Pharmaceutical Detailing: System Features, Usefulness and Ease of Use

This study explores the perceptions of pharmaceutical sales representatives toward the use of personal digital assistants (PDAs) in pharmaceutical detailing. It uses data from a survey of sales representatives at a large pharmaceutical company that adopted a PDA system for use in pharmaceutical detailing. The study first identifies the specific PDA features that users perceive as being important in performing pharmaceutical detailing tasks. Then, built on the technology acceptance model (TAM), the study examines the important PDA features as antecedents to the perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) of the system. The results suggest some ways to improve specific system features, which in turn enhance PU and PEOU and through them, system usage. The findings would be useful to those who use or plan to use PDAs for pharmaceutical detailing or other similar mobile tasks.
Ultrasound navigation based on minimally designed vehicle inspired by the bio-sonar strategy of bats

ABSTRACT In this study, we conducted vehicle experiments and a numerical simulation based on a simple algorithm inspired by the bio-sonar system of bats to investigate how the behavioral strategy employed by bats contributes to acoustic navigation for minimal-design sensing. In particular, a double-pulse scanning method inspired from the echolocation behavior of bats was proposed, in which (1) the direction of ultrasound emission by a vehicle equipped with 1 transmitter and 2 receivers was alternately shifted between the movement direction of the vehicle and the direction of the nearest obstacle, and (2) the movement direction of the vehicle was calculated for every double-pulse emission based on integrated information from all echoes detected. As a result of 100 repeated drives in a practical course, the success rate of an obstacle-avoidance drive improved from 13% with the conventional single-pulse scanning method to 73% with the proposed method. Furthermore, the numerical simulation demonstrated that the proposed method achieves robust path planning by suppressing the localization ambiguity due to the interference of multiple echoes. The practical experiments and numerical simulation suggest that bats employ a simple behavioral solution in the operation of acoustic sensing for various problems occurring in the real world. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Study on Asphalt Pavement Surface Texture Degradation Using 3-D Image Processing Techniques and Entropy Theory

Surface texture is a very important factor affecting the anti-skid performance of pavements. In this paper, entropy theory is introduced to study the decay behavior of the three-dimensional macrotexture and microtexture of road surfaces in service based on the field test data collected over more than 2 years. Entropy is found to be feasible for evaluating the three-dimensional macrotexture and microtexture of an asphalt pavement surface. The complexity of the texture increases with the increase of entropy. Under the polishing action of the vehicle load, the entropy of the surface texture decreases gradually. The three-dimensional macrotexture decay characteristics of asphalt pavement surfaces are significantly different for different mixture designs. The macrotexture decay performance of asphalt pavement can be improved by designing appropriate mixtures. Compared with the traditional macrotexture parameter Mean Texture Depth (MTD) index, entropy contains more physical information and has a better correlation with the pavement anti-skid performance index. It has significant advantages in describing the relationship between macrotexture characteristics and the anti-skid performance of asphalt pavement.
Perceptual Eigenmode Distortion Analysis for Motion Cueing Evaluation in Fixed-Wing Aircraft Simulators

The Eigenmode Distortion (EMD) analysis is a novel method for objective evaluation of simulator motion cueing fidelity, developed at Delft University of Technology. It expresses the distortions of the perceived motion cues in terms of the dynamic modes of a linear model of the vehicle and has been applied to assess rotorcraft simulations. This paper presents the adaptation of EMD for fixed wing aircraft, including performing the analysis at the pilot station instead of the centre of gravity. The method is applied to a combined linear model of a Cessna Citation 500 aircraft and the Classical Washout Algorithm (CWA). EMD is compared to the current state-of-the-art objective method, the Objective Motion Cueing Test (OMCT), which does not consider the dynamics of the simulated vehicle in its analysis. The two methods show different results in their cueing fidelity assessment of fourCWA configurations. An experiment with six pilots is performed in the SIMONA Research Simulator to test the capability of EMD and OMCT to predict the cueing fidelity as perceived by pilots. The subjects perform pairwise comparisons between the four CWA configurations by exciting the short period dynamics of the aircraft. Results indicate that preferences vary considerably between pilots, causing both EMD and OMCT to show poor, but similar, predictive capabilities.
A Systematic Review of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance among Health Care professionals; Medical and Pharmacy Students -

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have been making headlines because of life threatening issues. ADRs are always underreported and still the major public health problem. Spontaneous reporting system has remained the most significant method for safeguarding patients’ lives. Objectives: Is to examine and analyse the various pharmacovigilance studies conducted among health care professionals, medical and pharmacy students and to make recommendations for future research. Study Selection: 14 studies covered from 2000 to 2014 were selected. Data Sources: Four electronic data-bases including Science-Direct, Springer-Link, PubMed and MEDLINE were used to obtain 30 relevant publications using HotBot and Google Scholar as search engines. Data Extraction: Studies conducted on doctors, pharmacist, community pharmacist, nurses, medical and pharmacy students were selected covering research from seven countries. Data Synthesis: Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding pharmacovigilance of health care professionals, medical and pharmacy students were poor. Longitudinal study involving educational intervention and training through workshops and seminars were found to be effective in improving knowledge and attitude of nurses. Conclusion: There is urgent need to improve knowledge, awareness and practice of health workers, medical and pharmacy students about pharmacovigilance. It is imperative for WHO and national pharmacovigilance centres to take proactive measures to curve the menace of ADRs in order to safeguard the patients’ lives. The curriculum of all health and health related schools should be restructured with respect to pharmacovigilance without any delay and hesitation.
Breast Feeding Practices: Comparison Between Educated and Illiterate Mothers in Kathmandu, Nepal

Breastfeeding practice is important to determine the children’s mortality and morbidity in the context of Nepal. The aim of this research was to compare the breastfeeding practices dominant among the educated and illiterate mothers of reproductive age (15-49) in Kathmandu Valley. The research was aimed at comparing the breastfeeding practices of women at different age groups, and exploring the issues of the frequency of breastfeeding among the educated and illiterate mothers. It was carried in four communities of Kirtipur Municipality that is located in the Valley. Educated mothers (from the School Leaving Certificate passed to Master’s Degree holders) with their children were encompassed in this research study and the statistics and the meanings were collected by means of the piloted opinionaire on breastfeeding practices. The result showed that most of the mothers who were illiterate had better practices of breastfeeding as compared with the educated mothers. This research highlights the necessity for breastfeeding involvement packages particularly for the educated mothers who know the techniques of breastfeeding but don’t want to do so on time due to a busy life schedule and concerning the appearance and beauty of their body.
Macroscopic Cluster Organizations Change the Complexity of Neural Activity

In this study, simulations are conducted using a network model to examine how the macroscopic network in the brain is related to the complexity of activity for each region. The network model is composed of multiple neuron groups, each of which consists of spiking neurons with different topological properties of a macroscopic network based on the Watts and Strogatz model. The complexity of spontaneous activity is analyzed using multiscale entropy, and the structural properties of the network are analyzed using complex network theory. Experimental results show that a macroscopic structure with high clustering and high degree centrality increases the firing rates of neurons in a neuron group and enhances intraconnections from the excitatory neurons to inhibitory neurons in a neuron group. As a result, the intensity of the specific frequency components of neural activity increases. This decreases the complexity of neural activity. Finally, we discuss the research relevance of the complexity of the brain activity.
A strategic roadmap for achieving the potential benefits of electronic health record system in the state of Kuwait

This research investigates the desired benefits of using an Electronic Health Record (EHR) in Kuwait Primary Health Care Centers and the perceived barriers to its successful adoption. From this, a set of key strategic capabilities are proposed, ranked for priority and urgency as a roadmap for EHR adoption in the State of Kuwait. This thesis examines the organization of the health care system in Kuwait and important issues related to primary health care, including the implementation and current use of the EHR system at Kuwait primary health care centers. International evidence of the EHR system benefits, barriers and capabilities such as interoperability, confidentiality and security were used as the basis for user surveys. The research applied domain theory and research-based improvement strategy as a means of identifying the stakeholders and the priorities area of investigation. The research utilized a quantitative research design focusing on multiple case studies as the survey methodology. Two case study surveys were conducted to identify the main benefits and barriers that affect the adoption of the EHR at international and national (Kuwaiti) levels. The first survey involved international and national decision makers. The second survey involved healthcare professionals working in Kuwait primary health care to assess their view regarding the features of the current system, the benefits and barriers of more complete EHRs. The results of first and second surveys were used to develop a list of key EHR system capabilities and adoption requirements relevant to Kuwait primary care. This list was used for the design of a third survey, for senior stakeholders at the Kuwait Ministry of Health, to identify their strategic roadmap priorities. This research, drawing on the literature of the EHR design and implementation, a study of international initiatives of the EHR adoption and outputs of three case studies, has emphasized the importance of developing a strategic roadmap for Kuwait to achieve the potential benefits of EHRs.
Academic adaptation: the experience of Malay Muslimpostgraduate students

This qualitative study aimed to explore the academic experiences and coping strategies among Malay Muslim postgraduate students in Australia. The research participants were thirteen Malaysian Malay Muslim postgraduate students (9 females, 4 males) studying in a university in South Australia. They were either undergoing their Master or PhD degrees. The findings show that as international students, the Malaysian Malay Muslim postgraduate students had difficulties adjusting themselves to their new learning culture. In order to cope with the situation, they became active learners in academic areas, made changes and sought assistance in their daily lives through their spouse, other Malaysian friends or university colleagues. Maintaining faith was also frequently mentioned as one of their coping strategies.
Pharmacokinetics, urinary excretion and dosage regimen of ceftriaxone in crossbred cow calves following single intramuscular administration

The pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of ceftriaxone after I/M administration were investigated in healthy cow calves. Following single intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone (10 mg.kg -1 ), appreciable concentration (0.69 ± 0.08 g.ml -1 ) of drug was measured at 1 min and the peak plasma level (18.8 ± 0.68 g.ml -1 ) was achieved at 30 min. The absorption and elimination half lives were 0.050 ± 0.018 hr and 6.54 ± 0.87 hr respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance were 3.19 ± 0.42 litre kg -1 and 0.34 ± 0.02 litre kg -1 . hr -1 respectively. Approximately 30% of total administered dose was eliminated in urine within 24 hr of its administration. On the basis of pharmacokinetic parameters, a satisfactory intramuscular dosage regimen of ceftriaxone in cattle was calculated to be 11 mg.kg -1 ) repeated at 30 hr intervals.