Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND FIRM SIZE ON PROFITABILITY AND DIVIDEND POLICY (An Empirical Study at Property and Real Estate Sector Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the periods of 2009-2012)

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, dan kebijakan dividen. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sektor real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) properti dan selama periode 2009-2012. Data dikumpulkan dari 36 laporan keuangan tahunan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Struktur Modal memiliki pengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif tetapi tidak pada Profitabilitas. Selain itu, Struktur Modal tinggi atau lebih rendah tidak mempengaruhi Kebijakan Dividen. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa Firm Size signifikan positif mempengaruhi Kebijakan Dividen. Terakhir, Profitabilitas memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Kebijakan Dividen perusahaan properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan saran yang baik untuk perusahaan manajemen dan investor di Indonesia, bahkan lebih untuk berkontribusi pada pengembangan penelitian keuangan, terutama di Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, dan Kebijakan Dividen. Kata kunci: Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Kebijakan Dividen ABSTRACT The study conducted to enhance the knowledge about capital structure, firm size, profitability, and dividend policy. The study conducted at property and real estate sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the periods of 2009-2012. Data were collected from 36 annual financial statements using purposive sampling. The result shows that Capital Structure has a negative significant influence on Profitability and Firm Size has positive but not significant influence on Profitability. Besides, higher or lower Capital Structure has no influence on Dividend Policy. The study also shows that Firm Size is significant positively influence Dividend Policy. Lastly, Profitability has a positive and significant relationship to Dividend Policy of property and real estate companies listed on IDX. The study is aim to provide a good suggestion for the management company and investor in Indonesia, even more to contribute to the finance research development, especially in Capital Structure, Firm Size, Profitability, and Dividend Policy. Keywords: Capital Structure, Firm Size, Profitability, Dividend Policy
The Number of Species of Insect Associated with Various Trees

It is common knowledge amongst ecologists and collectors that some trees have many species of insect denizen and others, usually recently introduced, comparatively few. But the number of species of insect associated with a certain tree would seem to reflect not only the actual time it has been present in Britain but also, and of rather more importance, its general abundance or scarcity throughout this period. If this hypothesis is correct, then in other parts of the world where the pattern of tree dominance is different from that in Britain, we should expect the comparative numbers of insect species to vary accordingly. The coniferous forest belt is far more extensive in Russia than in Britain and thus pine, spruce, larch and fir (the last three introduced species in Britain) will be comparatively
Hydraulically controlled front trapping on a tidal flat

[1] We report observations of baroclinic surface fronts in Skagit Bay. The fronts formed repeatedly in very shallow (<0.7 m deep) water along the edge of a tidal channel shortly after the incoming tide flooded the adjacent tidal flat and eventually departed from channel edge as the flood tide progressed. The fronts were surface convergence zones, trapping GPS drifters and other flotsam. Across-front salinity (temperature) jumps were a few practical salinity units (a few degrees) with freshwater on the channel side. Across-front transects of velocity (from mobile and fixed acoustic Doppler current profilers) and density (from mobile and fixed conductivity-temperature-depth profilers) are presented. Composite Froude numbers indicate that supercritical flow over the flats initially held fronts near the channel edge. As flood tide progressed, depth-averaged flow speeds decreased, while internal wave speeds increased, owing to increasing depths and density gradients. Flow over the flats eventually became subcritical, at which point fronts departed from the channel edge. The front then formed the leading edge of a shallow (around 0.3 m thick) freshwater plume which propagated across the flats against the incoming tidal flow. Water was then exchanged between the channel and flats with a channel edge composite Froude number near 0.5, consistent with mixing-induced reduction in channel-flats exchange. The across-channel velocity shear was correlated with the across-channel wind, consistent with a simple eddy viscosity model. Strong winds prevented plume propagation.
Relevance of Tax Revenue Resources to Infrastructural Development of Nigeria

Suffice to say that Nigeria as a nation is currently undergoing recession with its attendant stresses. The situation has' most significantly brought about a drastic reduction in revenue accruable to the government especially from the oil and gas resources. Currently, there is a general fall in the price of crude oil which has adversely affected the Nigeria economic (Anyaehie and Areji, 2015; Uzonwanne, 2015). Former Minister of Finance Okonjo Iweala (2012) requests governments at various levels to look for other means of revenue generation for the sustainable economic development of Nigeria. To this effect, Kiabel and Nwokah (2009) note that the dwindling revenue and increased cost of running government require all tiers of Nigeria government to look for alternative means of improving their revenue base since it is obvious that the country's revenue from oil can no longer fully support its development objectives.
Spatial heterogeneity in implicit housing prices: evidence from Hangzhou, China

Estimated coefficients in hedonic price models are generally assumed to be constant throughout the entire study area. However, increasing evidence reveals that the marginal prices of housing characteristics may vary over space and that the spatial heterogeneity problem in implicit housing prices should be given attention. Taking Hangzhou, China, as an example, this study uses the micro data of 603 residential communities in 2014 to examine spatial heterogeneity in implicit housing prices. On the basis of the traditional hedonic price model, we establish spatial expansion and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models for comparative analysis. Results show that the spatial expansion and GWR models have excellent goodness of fit and can improve the traditional hedonic price model. The mixed geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model further reveals that the implicit prices of nine housing characteristics vary significantly over space and that the impacts of the four remaining housing characteristics on housing prices are fixed throughout the entire study area. Unlike the traditional hedonic price model and spatial expansion model, the GWR/MGWR model has the unique advantage of visually providing the spatial distribution of implicit housing prices and accurately describing spatial heterogeneity.
Social skills inventory for adolescents: evidence of construct validity and reliability = Inventário de habilidades sociais para adolescentes: evidências de validade de constructo e confiabilidade = Inventario de habilidades sociales para adolescentes: evidencia de validez de constructo y confiabili

Social skills are considered as an important indicator of social and emotional development. In the Brazilian context, the Social Skills Inventory for Adolescents (IHSA-Del-Prette) is available for the assessment of this repertoire, and is widely used in research and intervention. Favorable psychometric properties have been established through Principle Components Analysis (PCA). The present study aimed to compare the structure established through PCA with that established through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and to verify the indicators of validity and reliability produced by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). A total of 2291 students of 6th, 7th and 8th years of Elementary Education and 1st and 2nd years of High School Education participated. The results showed a factorial structure very similar to that originally produced with PCA, with six oblique factors confirmed through CFA and with suitable indicators of reliability. The IHSA-Del- rette presented psychometric qualities that recommend indicate its use in the Brazilian context.
Country-specific Determinants of Intra Industry Trade Types of Agricultural Sector in Selected Developing Countries

Regarding few studies of intra industry trade in the agricultural sector, this study have examined country-specific determinants of intra industry trade of agriculture in selected developing countries by using panel technique for trade data at 6-digit level of HS classification over time period 2001-2007. By employing Greenaway, Hine and Milner and Fontagne and Freudenberg approaches we’ve first divided intra industry trade into its types that is horizontal and vertical ones. Then, based on theoretical and empirical studies, we’ve estimated determinants of the types of intra industry trade. Overall and based on the results, it seems that the level of development and growth (Human development index) has a significant positive effect on intra industry trade of agriculture in countries under study. Also, the revealed comparative advantage has a significant positive effect on vertical intra industry trade and a significant negative effect on the horizontal intra industry trade in agricultural commodity groups. However, there is no definite result on the effect of exchange rate and trade openness.
THE PROBLEM OF THE ALTERNATING DOMINANCE OF DECIDUOUS AND EVERGREEN VEGETATION: ARCHAEO-ANTHRACOLOGICAL DATA FROM NORTHERN MAREMMA

In order to detect land use and forest cover changes from the 3 rd century BC to the half of the 13 th century AD in a coastal/sub-coastal area of northern Maremma, charcoal analysis were carried out on two archaeological sites dated between Roman period and Late Middle Age. From the 3 rd century BC to the end of Roman Age (6 th century AD), the vegetation is characterized by a degraded evergreen Quercus forest with evergreen sclerophyllous shrubs and low macchia; in the Middle Age, from the 10 th century AD to the half of the 13 th century AD, a mixed forest with evergreen and deciduous species covers the area. Data show that both evergreen Quercus forest and deciduous taxa spread during two warm/dry climatic phases, but respectively in the Roman phase of high human impact and in the Middle Age characterized by a low presence of settlements and anthropic pressure. The vegetation history is independent from the climatic variations characterizing the studied period: deciduous vegetation increases during phases of low human pressure, while evergreen vegetation is related to intense human impact and it is a response of the vegetation to a period of strong land use. The match of detailed archaeoenvironmental data and archaeological data may allow a more complete interpretation of the changes in vegetation cover that characterised Italy and the Mediterranean in the second half Holocene
Competition issues in European banking

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to assess the outcome of European Union (EU) deregulation and competition policies on the competitive conditions of the main EU banking markets. Design/methodology/approach - After a review of deregulation and competitition policies in the EU banking industry, the degree of competition in the largest five EU banking markets using is tessted both structural (concentration ratios and Herfindahl-Hirshman indices) and non-structural ( Findings - Results indicate that EU banking markets are becoming progressively more concentrated and that there is no evidence of an increase in competitive pressure. Country differences are also apparent thereby indicating that despite the sustained regulatory interventions, significant barriers to the integration of EU retail banking markets remain. In line with recent literature, the analysis also seems to provide further evidence that concentration is not necessarily a good proxy for competition. Originality/value - Increased market concentration and its effects on competition are of relevance in a period of renewed EU regulatory efforts to remove the remaining barriers to the integration of financial markets. The evaluation of competitive conditions and market power in EU banking are therefore of interest to policy-makers and regulators.
CHARITABLE RATINGS AND FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALllY : EVIDENCE FROM THE HUMAN SERVICE SECTOR Qianhua Ling and

Prior research has shown that many donors utilize charity ratings for decisions and they give more to higher rated charities. Because ratings are partly or completely based on financial information, the financial reporting quality of highly rated charities is more critical to donors than that of the poorly rated ones. In this study, we examine whether the financial reporting quality of charities systematically varies with charitable ratings. Examining a sample of human service charities. we find that highly rated organizations are more likely to underreport fundraising expenses and overstate program ratios. Highly rated organizations appear to be exercising accounting discretion to achieve this desirable outcome. Collectively. our findings suggest that stakeholders should be cautious when they use the rating information.
STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY OF THE NIGERIAN GROWN ABURA TIMBER BRIDGE BEAM SUBJECTED TO BENDING AND DEFLECTION FORCES

Structural reliability analysis was carried out on the Nigerian grown Abura timber, to ascertain its structural performance as timber bridge beams. Samples of the Nigerian grown Abura timber were bought from timber market, seasoned naturally and their structural/strength properties were determined at a moisture content of 18%. The determined strength properties were subjected to statistical analysis to determine some statistical parameters used in the design. Structural analysis and deterministic design of a timber bridge beam using the Nigerian grown Abura timber in accordance with BS 5268 were carried out under the Ultimate Limit State of loading. A computer programme in FORTRAN language was developed and used for reliability analysis of the Nigerian grown Abura timber bridge beam so designed, to ascertain its level of safety using First-Order Reliability Method (FORM). Sensitivity analysis was carried out by varying the depth of beam, imposed live load, breadth of the beam, unit weight of the Abura timber, span of the beam as well as the end bearing length. The result revealed that the Nigerian grown Abura timber is a satisfactory structural material for timber bridge beams at depth of 400mm, breadth of 150mm and span of 5000mm under the ultimate limit state of loading. The probabilities of failure of the Nigerian grown Abura timber bridge beam in bending and deflection are respectively, under the design conditions.
Analysis the Relationship among Service Quality , Customer Satisfaction , and Customer Loyalty with Hotel Industry in Hanoi Vietnam Advisor

The purpose of this study is to analysis the relationship among service quality, tourist satisfaction and customer loyalty with hotel industry in Hanoi. Total 300 questionnaires were sent to visitors, there are 255 feedback questionnaires. After removed the invalid question, the remaining 210 questions were analysis, the response rate is 85% and 82.3 % of valid rate, from the regression equation of standardized model. This study shows that all factor of SERVQUAL model have positive relationship on the customer satisfaction with hotel industry in Hanoi. Also this study confirms the positive relationship of satisfaction of tourists and loyalty to the hotel. From the analysis of ttest and ANOVA, the result shows that there is only the gender of customer has different level of loyalty with Hanoi hotel service. Remaining of other demographic characteristic of customer do not have the different level of satisfaction among customer demographic (age, job, purpose, nation and frequency).
Sperm whale feeding variation by location, year, social group and clan: evidence from stable isotopes

We studied the diet of sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus by measuring carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in 106 sloughed skin samples and 10 squid beaks (Histioteuthidae spp.), the latter collected from sperm whale defecations. Samples were collected during 8 studies conducted between 1989 and 2000 in the South Pacific Ocean. We examined diet variation across region, year, social group and vocal clan. The isotopic signatures of groups and acoustic clans of sperm whales were compared using a nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the absolute distances between each pair of samples were calculated. The δ 13 C and δ 15 N values ranged from -17.8 to -14.5‰ and from 8.5 to 22.3‰, respectively. The δ 15 N values of defecated squids were about 3‰ lower than val- ues of the sperm whale, corresponding to a trophic difference of one level. There was a significant difference in both the δ 15 N and δ 13 C values between groups (nested within clans and the studies) and clans (nested within studies). Most of the variation was between studies. The latitude at which the samples were collected was inversely related to the δ 15 N values. We suggest that the differences in diet between the groups from different clans are mainly caused by characteristic behaviour of the clans and differential use of micro-habitats; i.e. groups from a clan with a generally more benthic or inshore distribution had higher δ 13 C than groups with a more offshore or pelagic influence, a general characteristic of this isotope in marine habitats.
Technical note: A simple theoretical model framework to describe plant stomatal “sluggishness” in response to elevated ozone concentrations

Abstract. Elevated levels of tropospheric ozone, O3, cause damage to terrestrial vegetation, affecting leaf stomatal functioning and reducing photosynthesis. Climatic impacts under future raised atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations will also impact on the net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation, which might for instance alter viability of some crops. Together, ozone damage and climate change may adjust the current ability of terrestrial vegetation to offset a significant fraction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Climate impacts on the land surface are well studied, but arguably large-scale modelling of raised surface level O3 effects is less advanced. To date most models representing ozone damage use either O3 concentration or, more recently, flux-uptake-related reduction of stomatal opening, estimating suppressed land–atmosphere water and CO2 fluxes. However there is evidence that, for some species, O3 damage can also cause an inertial “sluggishness” of stomatal response to changing surface meteorological conditions. In some circumstances (e.g. droughts), this loss of stomata control can cause them to be more open than without ozone interference. To both aid model development and provide empiricists with a system on to which measurements can be mapped, we present a parameter-sparse framework specifically designed to capture sluggishness. This contains a single time-delay parameter τO3, characterizing the timescale for stomata to catch up with the level of opening they would have without damage. The larger the value of this parameter, the more sluggish the modelled stomatal response. Through variation of τO3, we find it is possible to have qualitatively similar responses to factorial experiments with and without raised O3, when comparing to reported measurement time series presented in the literature. This low-parameter approach lends itself to the inclusion of ozone-induced inertial effects being incorporated in the terrestrial vegetation component of Earth system models (ESMs).
Effects of blended fertilizers on soil chemical properties of mature tea fields in Kenya

Kenya tea industry have focused predominantly on the use of compound NPK fertilizers. These fertilizers cannot be easily manipulated for specific soils and tea clones. In this respect, two fertilizer blends contaning NPKS 25:5:5:4+9Ca+2.6Mg and NPKS 23:5:5:4 +10Ca+3Mg with trace elements have been produced commercially in the Country. However, their application rates that would result in optimal nutrients level are lacking. This is the knowledge gap that this study sought to address. Therefore, the fertilizer blends were assessed for their effects on soil chemical properties at different rate in two sites i.e. Timbilil Estate in Kericho and Kagochi farm in Nyeri. The sites were selected purposefully, one in the eastern and the other in the western tea growing areas. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) were used to select 36 trial plots in the two areas which were treated with two fertilizer blends and standard NPK NPK 26:5:5 as control, and four fertilizer application rates (0 -control, 75, 150, and 225 kg N ha-1 yr-1). The trial was replicated three times. Soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil nutrient levels. The data were then subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Mstat C computer software package. Soil acidity decreased significantly (P<0.05) down the profile (3.08, 4.02 and 4.08) in Kagochi. Soil available Ca and Mg levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the upper depth (Ca were 652 and 412 while Mg were 77 and 62 for Timbilil and Kagochi, respectively) in both sites then decreased down the profile. This study has shown that supplementing the soil applied NPK fertilizers with calcium, magnesium and micronutrients resulted in improved soil quality.
A Comprehensive Review on Design and Development of Human Breast Phantoms for Ultra-Wide Band Breast Cancer Imaging Systems

Microwave ultra-wide band UWB imaging system is a contemporary biomedical imaging technology for early detection of breast cancers. This imaging system requires the development of breast phantoms for experimental data analysis. In order to obtain realistic results, it is very important that these phantoms mimic the characteristics of real biological breast tissue as close as possible. For this purpose, scientists and engineers make use of the dielectric properties of human breast. This paper takes a survey of mathematical formulations used to determine biological dielectric properties and then takes a review of current breast phantoms being used in UWB imaging systems with reference to the analytical dielectric measurements. At present, breast phantoms are made, both, manually in laboratory utilizing different chemicals and also by using computational electromagnetic algorithms to introduce better heterogeneity in them. They can then easily be tested by doing computer simulations. In this review paper, emphasis is made on the phantoms which are made in laboratory for doing hardware experimentations.