Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact total mixed ration to dairy cows – effects on feed hygiene , feed intake , rumen environment and milk production

Total mixed rations have been used as a feeding strategy in Swedish dairy farms since the 1990’s. One risk that has been associated with total mixed ration is sorting of the ration, which can lead to a diet being consumed by the cows other than the originally intended. Sorting of the feed ration has been linked to several health and production problems in dairy cows. A development of total mixed ration, called compact total mixed ration, has recently been suggested as a way of reducing sorting of the ration. The feed ingredients of the compact total mixed ration is manipulated by soaking of all concentrates in advance and then mixed to decrease forage particle size. The compact total mixed ration has a dry matter target of 37 % and the feed components should be close to indistinguishable from each other, due to the prolonged mixing. In the present study, the effects of compact total mixed ration on feed intake, milk production and components, rumen environment, digestibility and hygienic quality was evaluated compared to a conventional total mixed ration. When compact total mixed ration was fed, dry matter intake decreased whereas total water intake increased. Milk production, milk composition and rumen environment were not affected by treatment. The effect of dietary treatments on digestibility could not be fully established. There was a tendency for milk fat yield to decrease when compact total mixed ration was fed. The hygienic quality of the diets were similar. More research is needed to evaluate the long term effects of compact total mixed ration as well as to investigate the effect of different forage proportions in the diet. Further, it was concluded that more research is needed to evaluate the effects of compact total mixed ration during summer conditions.
FACTORS COMPARED TO OTHER PREDICTORS OF SIMULATED DRIVING PERFORMANCE ACROSS AGE GROUPS

Groups of young, middle-aged, and older adults performed a battery of computer-based attention tasks, the UFOV® and neuropsychological tests, and simulated low-speed driving in a suburban scenario. Results from the attention tasks were submitted to Maximum Likelihood factor analysis and 6 factors were extracted that explained more than 57% of the task variance. The factors were labeled speed, switching, visual search, executive, sustained, and divided attention in descending order of amount of task variance explained. The factor scores were used to predict simulated driving performance. Step-wise regressions were computed with driving performance as the criterion, and age, sex and the factor scores, the UFOV® scores, or the neuropsychological test scores as predictors. Results showed that the perceptual-motor speed and divided attention measures from the UFOV® and attention battery were more likely to explain driving performance variance than the neuropsychological tests.
REFLECTION AND DILEMMA JUDGMENT 2 Not All Who Ponder Count Costs : Arithmetic Reflection Predicts Utilitarian Inclinations , but Logical Reflection Predicts both Deontological and Utilitarian Inclinations

Conventional sacrificial moral dilemmas propose directly causing some harm to prevent greater harm. Theory suggests that accepting such actions (consistent with utilitarian philosophy) involves more reflective reasoning than rejecting such actions (consistent with deontological philosophy). However, past findings do not always replicate, confound different kinds of reflection, and employ conventional sacrificial dilemmas that treat utilitarian and deontological considerations as opposite. In two studies, we examined whether past findings would replicate when employing process dissociation to assess deontological and utilitarian inclinations independently. Findings suggested two categorically different impacts of reflection: measures of arithmetic reflection, such as the Cognitive Reflection Test, predicted only utilitarian, not deontological, response tendencies. However, measures of logical reflection, such as performance on logical syllogisms, positively predicted both utilitarian and deontological tendencies. These studies replicate some findings, clarify others, and reveal opportunity for additional nuance in dual process theorists’ claims about the link between reflection and dilemma judgments.
Yield Curve and Financial Uncertainty: Evidence Based on US Data

How do short and long term interest rates respond to a jump in financial uncertainty? We address this question by conducting a local projections analysis with US monthly data, period: 1962-2018. The state-of-the-art financial uncertainty measure proposed by Ludvigson, Ma, and Ng (2019) is found to predict movements in interest rates at different maturities. In particular, an increase in financial uncertainty is found to trigger a negative and significant response of both short and long term interest rates. The response of the short end of the yield curve (i.e., of short term interest rates) is found to be stronger than that of the long end (i.e., of long term ones). In other words, a financial uncertainty shock causes a temporary steepening of the yield curve. This result is consistent, among other interpretations, with medium-term expectations of a recovery in real activity after a financial uncertainty shock.
Nutritional assessment, phytochemical composition and antioxidant analysis of the pulp and seed of medjool date grown in Mexico

The aim of this study was the characterization of fatty acids, antioxidant activity, some physical properties, nutrient content, sugars, and minerals in the pulp and seeds of the date cultivar ‘Medjool’ (Phoenix dactylifera L.) grown in Mexico. The samples were obtained at maturity (Tamar) in the 2017 harvest season in the valleys of San Luis Rio Colorado and Mexicali, Mexico. The following average values were obtained on a % dry weight basis for pulp and seeds, respectively: protein, 3.14% and 4.84%; lipids, 0.75% and 9.94%; fiber, 6.34% and 66.79%; total sugars, 75.32% and 5.88%; reducing sugars, 70.26% and 4.40%; and sucrose, 5.06% and 1.46%. Analysis of the minerals revealed that the most abundant elements for the pulp were: potassium, 851.98 mg/100 g; magnesium, 142.97 mg/100 g; and phosphorus, 139.40 mg/100 g, whereas for the seeds, they were potassium, 413.36 mg/100 g; sulfur, 151.36 mg/100 g; and phosphorus, 92.42 mg/100 g. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the major unsaturated fatty acid was oleic acid, at 52.34% and 45.92%, respectively, for pulp and seeds. The main saturated fatty acids were palmitic acid (6.75%) and lauric acid (17.24%) in pulp and seeds, respectively. The total phenolic content was 1.16 and 13.73 mg GAE/100 g for pulp and seeds, respectively. Finally, the antioxidant activities were: b-carotene, 65.50% and 47.75%; DPPH, 0.079 IC50 g/L and 0.0046 IC50 g/L; and ABTS, 13.72 IC50 g/L and 0.238 IC50 g/L, respectively. The results obtained in this study confirm that the ‘Medjool’ cultivar grown in Mexico has the same quality of nutrients and antioxidants as those grown in the other main date-producing countries.
Real-time Processing of Classifier Information by L 2 Speakers of Chinese

Native (L1) speakers take advantage of prenominal cues, such as gendermarked articles and classifiers, to identify an upcoming noun during online processing (e.g., Lew-Williams & Fernald, 2007; Huettig et al., 2010). The extent to which non-native (L2) speakers are able to do so remains a topic of on-going investigation. Findings from learners of gender-marking languages have not been entirely consistent, and point to the influence of a number of languageand learner-specific factors, as discussed in more detail below. No previous findings from L2 learners of classifier languages are available, as far as we know. The goal of the present study is to extend research on the facilitatory effect of prenominal cues in the online processing of an L2 by looking at classifiers in Chinese, which are both similar and different along potentially relevant dimensions from gendermarked articles in Indo-European languages. We report the findings from a visualworld eye-tracking experiment with L1 and L2 speakers of Chinese, closely following the procedures and design of Lew-Williams and Fernald’s (2007, 2010) work on the processing of gender-marked articles in L1 and L2 Spanish.
Teaching geometry through play

Abstract. In this short note we present an inquiry based approach starting from a puzzle playing activity for teaching the notion of equidecomposability and the Wallace-Bolyai-Gerwien theorem. This approach can be used from lower secondary school (13-14 years old students) to teacher’s professional development courses in order to gain a deep understanding of the notion of area for polygons.
Attribute-Controlled Traffic Data Augmentation Using Conditional Generative Models

Perception systems of self-driving vehicles require large amounts of diverse data to be robust against adverse lighting and weather conditions. Collection and annotation of such traffic data is resource-intensive and expensive. To circumvent this challenge, we introduce an approach where we train attribute-based generative models conditioned on the time-of-day labels to reconstruct semantically valid transformed versions of the original data. We further show the generalization capabilities of our model where they are able to reconstruct full traffic scenes despite having only being trained on constrained crops of the original images. Finally, we present a new dataset derived from an original traffic scene dataset augmented with data generated by our attribute-based conditional generative models.
Control of Movement Motion integration is anisotropic during smooth pursuit eye movements

Souto D, Chudasama J, Kerzel D, Johnston A. Motion integration is anisotropic during smooth pursuit eye movements. J Neurophysiol 121: 1787–1797, 2019. First published March 6, 2019; doi: 10.1152/jn.00591. 2018. —Smooth pursuit eye movements (pursuit) are used to minimize the retinal motion of moving objects. During pursuit, the pattern of motion on the retina carries not only information about the object movement but also reafferent information about the eye movement itself. The latter arises from the retinal flow of the stationary world in the direction opposite to the eye movement. To extract the global direction of motion of the tracked object and stationary world, the visual system needs to integrate ambiguous local motion measurements (i.e., the aperture problem). Unlike the tracked object, the stationary world’s global motion is entirely determined by the eye movement and thus can be approximately derived from motor commands sent to the eye (i.e., from an efference copy). Because retinal motion opposite to the eye movement is dominant during pursuit, different motion integration mechanisms might be used for retinal motion in the same direction and opposite to pursuit. To investigate motion integration during pursuit, we tested direction discrimination of a brief change in global object motion. The global motion stimulus was a circular array of small static apertures within which one-dimensional gratings moved. We found increased coherence thresholds and a qualitatively different reflexive ocular tracking for global motion opposite to pursuit. Both effects suggest reduced sampling of motion opposite to pursuit, which results in an impaired ability to extract coherence in motion signals in the reafferent direction. We suggest that anisotropic motion integration is an adaptation to asymmetric retinal motion patterns experienced during pursuit eye movements.
Principals ’ Managerial Techniques as Correlates of Teachers ’ Service Delivery in Public Secondary Schools in Rivers State

This study investigated principals’ managerial techniques as correlates of teachers' service delivery in public secondary schools in Rivers State. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a correlational design with a population of two hundred and forty-seven (247) public senior secondary school principals and six thousand eight hundred and fifty (6,850) teachers. 300 vice principals constituted the sample size. The data was collected using questionnaires titled “Principal Managerial Techniques Questionnaire” (PMTQ) and “Teachers’ Service Delivery Questionnaire” (TSDQ). The instrument was validated by experts in the validation of research instruments. The reliability yielded index of 0.96 and 0.75 respectively. The research questions and hypotheses were answered and tested through Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) at 0.05 alpha level. The finding revealed among others that there was positive relationship between principals’ instructional supervisory techniques and teachers’ service delivery in public secondary schools. Recommendations were proffered.
Data‐driven transformations in small area estimation

Small area models typically depend on the validity of model assumptions. For example, a commonly used version of the empirical best predictor relies on the Gaussian assumptions of the error terms of the linear mixed regression model: a feature rarely observed in applications with real data. The paper tackles the potential lack of validity of the model assumptions by using data‐driven scaled transformations as opposed to ad hoc chosen transformations. Different types of transformations are explored, the estimation of the transformation parameters is studied in detail under the linear mixed regression model and transformations are used in small area prediction of linear and non‐linear parameters. The use of scaled transformations is crucial as it enables fitting the linear mixed regression model with standard software and hence it simplifies the work of the data analyst. Mean‐squared error estimation that accounts for the uncertainty due to the estimation of the transformation parameters is explored by using the parametric and semiparametric (wild) bootstrap. The methods proposed are illustrated by using real survey and census data for estimating income deprivation parameters for municipalities in the Mexican state of Guerrero. Simulation studies and the results from the application show that using carefully selected, data‐driven transformations can improve small area estimation.
Formation, Composition, and History of the Pluto System: A Post-New Horizons Synthesis

The Pluto-Charon system provides a broad variety of constraints on planetary formation, composition, chemistry, and evolution. Pluto was the first body to be discovered in what is now known as the Kuiper belt, its orbit ultimately becoming a major clue that the giant planets underwent substantial orbital migration early in Solar System history. This migration has been linked to an early instability in the orbits of the giant planets and the formation of the Kuiper belt itself, from an ancestral trans-Neptunian planetesimal disk that included Pluto. Pluto-Charon is emblematic of what are now recognized as small or dwarf planets. Far from being a cold, dead, battered icy relic, Pluto displays evidence of a complex geological history, with ongoing processes including tectonism, cryovolcanism, solid-state convection, glacial flow, atmospheric circulation, surface-atmosphere volatile exchange, aeolian processes, and atmospheric photochemistry, microphysics, and haze formation. Despite Pluto's relatively modest scale, the combination of original accretional heat, long-term internal radiogenic heat release, and external solar forcing, when combined with sufficiently volatile (and thus mobile) materials, yields an active world. Pluto may have inherited a large organic mass fraction during accretion, which may responsible, in part, for its surface and atmospheric volatiles. Charon, Pluto's major moon, displays evidence of extensive early tectonism and cryovolcanism. Dwarf planets are thus truly planetary in terms of satellite systems and geological and atmospheric complexity (if not ongoing activity). What they may lack in mass is made up in number, and the majority of the Solar System's dwarf planets remain undiscovered.
Design and Evaluation of a Musical Neurofeedback Software in Matlab

This work wants to draw together two different medical therapies which in the past have shown great potential for treating a wide range of emotional disorders: music therapy and neurofeedback. Numerous studies support music therapy as an effective means to help people with depression, with highly satisfactory results with regard to both elderly people and adolescents. On the other hand, neurofeedback has become a very popular non-invasive technique thanks, in great measure, to the emergence of low and mid cost electroencephalography (EEG) devices in the market. Despite a lack of double-blind randomized studies in the literature, neurofeedback is starting to show effective results dealing with a wide variety of different medical conditions such as depression, anxiety or attention deficit disorder. Musical neurofeedback is a new approach, born from the combination of these two disciplines, which by recent studies seems to have a high potential for helping elderly people with depression. This thesis presentsan open musical neurofeedback system which is both easy to use and configurable for different disorder scenarios. We evaluate the system with a low-cost EEG device and assess experimentally which specific features extracted from the EEG activity contain more valuable information describing the emotional state of the users. Finally, we present the results of a pilot study consisting of seven 20-minutes musical neurofeedback sessions with an adolescent with depression.
EVALUATION OF THE GLOBAL OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM AT NCEP: THE PACIFIC OCEAN

The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon has been forecast reasonably well by both numerical and statistical models at lead times of 6-12 months. As the atmospheric weather system behaves in a chaotic manner beyond timescales of days, it is mainly the ocean that carries the potential for predictability skill up to a year in advance. Therefore, a large amount of effort has been devoted to intialize accurately the oceanic components of coupled oceanatmospheric models using ocean data assimilation systems (ODAS). The ocean analyses generated by ODAS are being used not only in initializations for coupled ocean-atmospheric models but also in diagnostic studies and real time monitoring of the subsurface oceanic conditions in support of climate prediction activities (e.g. “ENSO Diagnostic Discussion” at Climate Prediction Center of NOAA). The ODAS developed at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction in 1995 was configured for the Pacific Ocean only. Recently, a new global ocean data assimilation system (GODAS) has been developed at NCEP for initialization of the new global coupled oceanatmospheric model that will be used for operational ENSO prediction in the future. It is imperative for us to evaluate the GODAS against independent data sets, and compare it with the operational ODAS for the Pacific Ocean, and, eventually, implement the GODAS in the real time monitoring products at CPC. The GODAS at NCEP was developed using the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Modular Ocean Model version 3 (MOM.v3) and a three-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme. Compared with the operational ODAS developed for the Pacific Ocean (Behringer et al. 1998; referred as RA6 hereafter), the major changes include 1) the extension from the Pacific basin to the quasi-global domain for 75S-65N,
Effect of seed soaking with bacillus sp and organic fertilizer on growth of mustard green ( Brassica juncea L . )

Bacillus sp. is one type of bacteria that functions as PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria). This study is designed to determine the effect of treatment duration time immersion of mustard seeds with Bacillus sp and the doses of organic fertilizer on growth and yield of mustard plants. The research was designed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) Factorial with two treatments i.e. time soaking of mustard seed with Bacillus sp. and organic fertilizer dose. The results showed that there was a very significant interaction (P <0.01) between the treatment of soil seed immersion with Bacillus sp. and the dosage of organic fertilizer on most parameters observed, except for the root length of the plant. The highest fresh weight of the mustard plant was found in the combination of the treatment of soaking of mustard seeds with Bacillus sp. for 20 minutes with a dosage of 1.50 kg organic fertilizer per plant that is 131,900 g, and the lowest was found in the combination treatment of soaking of mustard seeds for 30 minutes with a dosage of 0 kg organic fertilizer i.e. 34.333 g, so an increase of 384.178%. The highest drying weight of the mustard oven was found in a combination of treatment of soaking of mustard seeds with Bacillus sp. for 30 minutes with a dosage of 1.50 kg organic fertilizer per plant of 8,000 g, and the lowest was found in a combination treatment of immersion of mustard seed for 10 minutes with a dose of organic 0 kg fertilizer per plant that is 4.617 g.
Edible trait of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii of Kariango River population in Pinrang Regency , Indonesia

This study aimed to evaluate edible trait of giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii of Kariango population in Pinrang Regency, Indonesia, using morphometric and truss-morphometric methods. Eighty-eight (88) giant prawns were evaluated based on 5 morphometric characters and 8 truss-morphometric diagonal characters. The ranges of morphometric and truss morphometric values of male prawns were larger than females, indicating that the morphological size of male prawns tended to be larger than females. The value of coefficient of variation indicated that males were more heterogeneous than females. However, the value of the edible trait ratio showed females (morphometric 6.04; truss-morphometric 8.87) have greater value than males (morphometric 5.81; truss-morphometric 7.83. Therefore, Kariango female population can be used as brood stock for breeding purposes.
VASCULAR GROUND FLORA IN RELATION TO TOPOGRAPHY, CANOPY STRUCTURE AND GAP LIGHT REGIMES IN A SUBTROPICAL BROADLEAVED FOREST (SOUTH CHINA)

We examined the influence of topogra phy, canopy structure and gap light environmental variables on the patterns of vascular ground flora (vascular plants less than 1 m in height excluding tree seedlings) in a subtropical broadleaved forest in S China, using field data obtained from a 4-ha permanent plot. Both topographic and canopy environmental conditions had a significant effect on community composition, species diversity and distribution of the vascular ground flora. However, topographic factors, especially slope position and aspect, had a greater influence as compared with canopy and understory light conditions. Both number of individuals and number of individuals per species of the ground flora varied significantly with different slope position, aspect, slope steepness and transmitted direct radiation, while species richness varied significantly under different slope position and canopy leaf area index (LAI) The effects of topographic and canopy environmental conditions on ground-flora composition and structure was further confirmed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Multi-response Permutation Procedures (MRPP) showed significant differences in the ground-flora species composition based on all the topographic, canopy structure and gap light variables. Species indicative of topographic, canopy structure and gap light regimes were identified with a significant indicator value (IV ≥ 35%) by Indicator Species Analysis (ISA), which indicated that certain species have their ecological preference for a particular environmental gradient.