Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Plant Density and the Application of Silica on Seed Yield and Yield Components of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

In order to investigate the effects of plant density and the role silicon plays in determining the agronomic features of rice transplanted as single plants and planted in hills, an experiment in the split factorial design in the format of randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Sari in 2007. The main factor consisted of two levels of silica (applying and not applying it), and the subordinate factor included two modes of planting rice (in hills and as individual plants) and three plant densities (40, 80, and 120 plants/m2). Results obtained showed that applying silica improved some agronomic features. For example, the total number of tillers per plant increased by 11.6%, the number of effective tillers per plant by 14.2%, and the seed yield by 18.2%; and, therefore, the harvest index, compared to the control (in which silica was not applied), increased by 4.4%; but the percentage of filled spikelets decreased by 13.9% (which was a significant reduction). Increasing plant density from 40 to 120 plants per m2 caused deterioration in some agronomic features. For example, plant height, the total number of tillers, the number of effective tillers per plant, and the total number of spikelets per panicle decreased by 5.04, 51.94, 55.1, and 20.44%, respectively. The mode of planting had a significant effect only on the total number of effective tillers per plant, and on the total number of spikelets per panicle, at the one percent probability level; and it also significantly influenced the percentage of filled spikelets at the five percent probability level. Under the interactive effects of the three variables, the maximum seed yield was obtained in the treatment of applying silica and planting density of 80 plants per m2 in transplanting rice as single plants and in hill planting (424.1 and 414.6 g/m-2, respectively).
Reconciling the Architectural Preferences of Architects and the Public

The article reports on a survey of visual preferences for suburban office buildings. The participants comprised members of the professions involved in the speculative development of these buildings and building users. The survey method used paired comparisons of photographs representing eight different design types for suburban office buildings. The data were processed using a form of conjoint analysis. Differences in the preferences of architects and users were revealed, confirming previous surveys. Analysis of the preferences showed a different weighting of design attributes. Despite these differences, a design type could be identified that would combine the preferences of both architects and users. This finding is generalized in the proposal for an “ordered preference model” to generate designs which reconcile the preferences of both architects and laypersons.
Improving Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills through Portfolio Assessment on Biology Curriculum and Textbook Analysis Course

Curriculum occupies a central position in education. Curriculum changes guided by the times and technology. The main problems of implementation of curriculum change is to change the mindset of teachers. Prospective teachers should have high order thinking skills to face the times and technology. One of efforts could be made a lecturer for conditioning of learning to be able to develop higher order thinking skills of students by using the right assessment. One assessment that play a role in increasing the skills of thinking is portfolio assessment. This study aims to describe the increase in high order thinking skills of students applying portfolio assessment. This research is a classroom action research conducted on students who take courses in curriculum and biology textbook in biology Faculty UNP in the July to December semester of 2017. The results showed an increase in high order thinking skills of students using portfolio assessment.
Regional Seismic Characteristics of the 9 October 2006 North Korean Nuclear Test

We investigate the regional seismic signature of the 9 October 2006 North Korean nuclear test. Broadband regional data for the nuclear test and a group of earthquakes close to the test site were obtained between December 2000 and No- vember 2006. Epicentral distances from the stations to the test site are between 371 and 1153 km. We first use these regional events to calibrate the Lg-wave magnitude in the network. Then the network is used to calculate mbLg �� 3:93 for the North Ko- rean nuclear explosion. Using a modified fully coupled magnitude-yield relation, the yield of the North Korean nuclear test is estimated to be 0.48 kt. Because of large uncertainties in the source depth, the estimate is preliminary. The P=S-type spectral ratios Pg=Lg, Pn=Lg, and Pn=Sn are calculated for the nuclear explosion and a group of earthquakes close to the test site. At frequencies above 2 Hz, the network-averaged P=S spectral ratios clearly separate the 9 October 2006 explosion from the regional earthquakes. Our result indicates that a single-blast explosion in the North Korea re- gion shows different seismic characteristics from an earthquake. Any well-coupled single-blast explosion detonated in this region with yield similar to that for the North Korean nuclear test has a large probability of being identified by a regional seismic network such as the one adopted in this study.
Equilibrium Asset Prices and Investor Behavior in the Presence of Money Illusion: A Preference-Based Formulation

This article analyzes the implications of money illusion for investor behavior and asset prices in a securities market economy with inflationary fluctuations. Money illusion is modeled as an investor's partial overlooking the impact of inflation on the purchasing power of currency in his intertemporal decision making. The impact of money illusion on security prices and their dynamics is demonstrated to be considerable even though its utility cost on investors is small in typical environments. A money-illusioned investor's real consumption is shown to generally depend on the price level, and specifically to decrease in the price level for relative risk aversion higher than unity. A general-equilibrium analysis in the presence of money illusion generates implications that are consistent with several empirical regularities. In particular, the real bond yields and dividend price ratios are positively related to expected inflation, the real short rate is negatively correlated with realized inflation, and money illusion may induce predictability and excess volatility in stock returns. The basic analysis is generalized to incorporate heterogeneous investors with differing degrees of illusion and to a monetary economy with endogenous inflation.
Spatial behaviour of grazing livestock and the memory of food position.

Summary This paper reviews the major factors determining the distribution of grazing animals in farmed and rangeland systems. The effects of vegetation type, water, topography and social factors are discussed. The final section examines the capacity of grazing animals to remember the position of food sources and argues that the association between food quality and spatial cues is a separate entity distinct from the association between specific sensory cues and individual foods. Recent data on learning suggest that longnterm memory of food cues requires shortnterm exposure over a number of days but information on spatial cue learning is not available. These observations suggest that training of animals to a combination of emobilei spatial and feed cues could increase the rate of acceptance of new feeds by grazing animals.
Range size and seasonal movement for female woodland caribou in the boreal forest of northeastern Ontario

A preliminary examination was conducted of range size and distribution of female woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in northeastern Ontario. Annual and seasonal ranges were calculated using satellite telemetry data collected for 30 female caribou between 1998 and 2001. The mean annual home range size of collared females was 4026 km2. Seasonal ranges varied in size depending on time of year (P<0.05). Calving and summer ranges were significantly smaller than autumn and late winter ranges. Early winter ranges were significantly larger than calving ranges and smaller than late winter ranges. Overall, range sizes of female woodland caribou in northeastern Ontario were larger than those reported for caribou in other Boreal Forest regions across Canada.
A comparative analysis of dynamic lung parameters in IInd trimester of pregnancy

–Pregnancy is principally a phenomenon of maternal adaptation to the increasing demands of the growing fetus1. Pregnancy causes many visible and invisible changes in human body and it represents one of the best examples of selective adaptation in terms of respiratory physiology. AIMS: To evaluate the changes in dynamic pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in second trimesters of pregnancy and compare the results between normal pregnant women (case group) & normal non pregnant women (control group) also comparing the results of the study with other studies. DESIGN (MATERIAL & METHOD):50 Subjects were divided into two groups, non pregnant women (n = 20, mean age = 26.5 ± 2.69) and normal pregnant women’s of second trimesters (n = 30, mean age = 24.84 ± 3.00). PFTs were done by medspiror. RESULTS :Significant decrease in all the parameters of PFTs like Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), Maximum Ventilation Volume (MVV), were seen in second trimester of normal pregnant women as compared to normal non pregnant women. CONCLUSION: Out data suggests that there is alteration in PFTs in pregnant women. Continuous Monitoring of PFTs may prove to be of great value in maternal healthcare as cases of restriction and obstruction in lungs during pregnancy can be identified early and its deterioration can be prevented by proper management. Keywords––PFTs, Pregnancy.
Factors affecting employees' intentions to and adoption of entrepreneurial behaviors: a role for entrepreneurial orientation?

This paper explores corporate entrepreneurship within large organizations, aiming to discuss following questions: What are the instruments at the disposal of an organization that allow it to stimulate and manage the corporate entrepreneurship within its walls? and What are the specific manifestations of entrepreneurial behaviors that organizations seek to manage? The contribution of the paper is twofold: first, by confronting the theoretical findings with the evidence provided by case studies, it presents an attempt of exploration which activities could be regarded as essential for corporate entrepreneurship; second, it discusses the role of entrepreneurial orientation in stimulating employees’ adoption of entrepreneurial behaviors.
Reconfiguration and Empirical Study on the Evaluation System of WeChat Communication Effect of Sci-Tech Periodicals

In the coming Micro-Communication era, many Sci-Tech periodicals have successively registered WeChat Official Accounts and then how to objectively evaluate the communication effects of the WeChat Official Accounts of Sci-Tech periodicals becomes the biggest concern at present. This thesis analyzed the existing communication effect evaluation system of WeChat Official Accounts of Sci-Tech periodicals and its problems, and put forward the following improving strategies: re-building a new evaluation system of WeChat communication effect of Sci-Tech periodicals via the selection of evaluation indexes, the division of assessment index weight and the calculation method of evaluation index, then testing the reliability and efficiency of the new evaluation system, and finally putting forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
Ordered Krasner Hyperrings

In this paper, we introduce the concept of Krasner hyperring (R,+, ·) together with a suitable partial order relation ≤. Also, we consider some Krasner hyperrings and define a binary relation on them which become ordered Krasner hyperrings. By using the notion of pseudoorder on an ordered Krasner hyperring (R,+, ·,≤), we obtain an ordered ring. Moreover, we give some results on ordered Krasner hyperrings.
Some physico-chemical attributes of pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars grown in Pakistan.

Four pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars grown in District Hunza-Nagar, Gilgit-Baltistan, locally called Shughri, Batung, Puno-Batung and Phycho were analyzed for their physio-chemical and functional attributes. Physicochemical characteristics of the tested genotypes revealed variable amounts of moisture (80.17-86.67%), crude fiber (5.10-10.00%), ash (1.56-1.83%), total soluble solids (11.03-14.42 o Brix), total sugars (10.19-11.12%), pH (4.12-5.24) and titratable acidity (0.12-0.26% in terms of malic acid) respectively. Similarly, ascorbic acid was established in the range of 2.80-4.30 mg/100g, total phenolic content 29.13-38.87 mg GAE/100g and antioxidant activity from 29.36-46.73% among the investigated genotypes. Some mineral estimation (mg/100g) was also carried out which showed reasonable concentrations of K (163.27-833.85), Mg (38.57-86.74), Ca (23.26-48.39), P (5.20-13.70), Na (0.95-4.19) and Fe (0.40-2.86) in the tested cultivars. Physical and geometric dimensions such as fruit length ranged from 40.10 to 87.50 mm, width 36.22 to 68.85 mm, thickness 37.36 to 73.80 mm, geometric mean diameter 37.71 to 74.69 mm, volume 22.33 to 227.4 cm 3 , surface area 4468 to 17527 mm2, sphericity 84.20 to 89.90 % and fruit weight ranged from 35.11 to 231.96 g. The findings of this study showed that Shughri and Phycho grown in both locations were rich in functional components and mineral
Family hardship and children's development: the early years

Examining the factors and processes shaping school readiness provides important information about how to enable young children to develop their cognitive potential and to succeed in their school careers. The aim of this paper is to assess different mediating processes through which family hardship affects children’s early development, both in terms of cognitive and behavioural adjustment. Using data from the UK Millennium Cohort, we examine the associations between persistent socio-economic hardship and young children’s development, and investigate the role of maternal emotional distress, mother-child interactions, and cognitive stimulation as potential mediators, in a sample of 14661 children, who were followed from birth through age 3 years. Cognitive ability was assessed by standardized tests, and child behaviour by maternal report, when the children were 3 years of age. The findings suggest that persistent family hardship was significantly associated with child developmental outcomes. The impact of hardship on cognitive and behavioural adjustment is partially mediated by the level of maternal distress, which in turn shapes the quality of parent-child interactions and the provision of a cognitively stimulating home environment. The findings suggest differential pathways in the transmission of family disadvantage, where parenting characteristics were more important in mediating the effect of hardship on behavioural adjustment, than on early cognitive development. Findings are discussed in terms of their policy implications.
HAMP – the microwave package on the High Altitude and LOng range research aircraft (HALO)

Abstract. An advanced package of microwave remote sensing instrumentation has been developed for the operation on the new German High Altitude LOng range research aircraft (HALO). The HALO Microwave Package, HAMP, consists of two nadir-looking instruments: a cloud radar at 36 GHz and a suite of passive microwave radiometers with 26 frequencies in different bands between 22.24 and 183.31 ± 12.5 GHz. We present a description of HAMP's instrumentation together with an illustration of its potential. To demonstrate this potential, synthetic measurements for the implemented passive microwave frequencies and the cloud radar based on cloud-resolving and radiative transfer model calculations were performed. These illustrate the advantage of HAMP's chosen frequency coverage, which allows for improved detection of hydrometeors both via the emission and scattering of radiation. Regression algorithms compare HAMP retrieval with standard satellite instruments from polar orbiters and show its advantages particularly for the lower atmosphere with a root-mean-square error reduced by 5 and 15% for temperature and humidity, respectively. HAMP's main advantage is the high spatial resolution of about 1 km, which is illustrated by first measurements from test flights. Together these qualities make it an exciting tool for gaining a better understanding of cloud processes, testing retrieval algorithms, defining future satellite instrument specifications, and validating platforms after they have been placed in orbit.
Effect of genetic and non genetic factors on first lactation traits in Gir cows

A total record of 113 Gir individuals spread over a period of 18 years from 1995 to 2012, were analyzed to estimate the effect of genetic and non genetic factors on first lactation period, first lactation milk yield and first dry period. The overall means for first lactation period (FLP), first lactation milk yield (FLMY) and first dry period (FDP), were 343.58± 10.37 days, 1664.95± 280.72 litres and 177.29± 10.59 days respectively. The heritability estimates for FLP, FLMY and FDP were 0.168± 0.238, 0.112± 0.252 and 0.419± 0.234 respectively. The genetic correlation between FLP and FLMY was positive and significant, while it was low and negative between FLP and FDP. The genetic correlation between FLMY and FDP was positive and highly significant. The phenotypic correlations between all traits were high and positive.
The effect of a 6-week plyometric training on explosive power in volleyball players

Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of a six-week plyometric high and low-intensity training on the explosive power of lower limbs in volleyball players. Material/Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 30 volunteers of the Sports Club at Gdansk University of Technology in Gdansk. Before the experiment, the players were divided into two homogeneous groups. After two weeks of an introductory common stage, each group followed a plyometric regime of different intensity. The results showed that the high-intensity program was more efficient than the low-intensity program in developing the explosive power in the volleyball players. Results: The largest significant improvement was observed for the vertical jump with arm swing (11% in HIJG and 3.8% in LISG). The strongest correlations were registered for the maximal power and the total mechanical work obtained in the Wingate test (r=0.83), and the power of jumps during attacks and blocks (r=0.78). Conclusions: The experiment confirmed high effectiveness of the training loads applied in the experiment, in particular in the high-intensity program.
Financial Constraints and Firm Capital Structure in Kenya

Empirical evidence suggests that capital structure varies across firms facing different levels of information asymmetry, however, this evidence contradict the prediction of pecking order hypothesis. Although debt capacity constraints offer some explanation for this discrepancy, it fails to explain the behavior of small high growth firms who do not issue debt even with no debt capacity constraints. Against this backdrop, this study investigated the effects of financial constraints on firm capital structure in Kenya. This was implemented by interacting a financial constraints dummy with the right-hand side variables of pecking order test equation to allow for any variation of capital structure across financial constraints regimes. The results show that constrained firms use less internal funds and have less cash than unconstrained firms. Pecking order theory was not supported. However, allowing financial constraints regimes in pecking order equation improved the fit of the model and produced results that are consistent with pecking order prediction. Financing behavior varies with financial constraints status. The wider the wedge between the cost of debt and the opportunity cost of internal funds, the higher the value transferred to debt-holders and the lower the debt utilization. To improve firm access to capital, policies should be geared towards reducing the wedge between the cost of external and internal funds.
Wildlife Conservation and Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa's Private Nature Reserves

In southern Africa, legislative changes that devolved wildlife management authority on private land to landowners and growth in the commercial value of wildlife resulted in a substantial increase in private land dedicated to wildlife. In addition, groups of landowners within the bounds of the Great Limpopo Conservation Area have incorporated their properties into private nature reserves, thereby expanding the management scale of common-pool wildlife resources. Secondary data and experience with the reserves form the basis of our exploration of the contribution of private landholdings to wildlife conservation and the extent to which three private nature reserves appear to exhibit characteristics that promote effective community-based natural resource management (CBNRM). The combined area of private land with wildlife-based enterprises in South Africa is more than double that of formal protected areas, and the three private nature reserves exhibit, to varying degrees, characteristics that enhance CBNRM and coordinated decision making for wildlife conservation.
Reconstruction of a Nonminimal Coupling Theory with Scale-invariant Power Spectrum

A nonminimal coupling single scalar field theory, when transformed from Jordan frame to Einstein frame, can act like a minimal coupling one. Making use of this property, we investigate how a nonminimal coupling theory with scale-invariant power spectrum could be reconstructed from its minimal coupling counterpart, which can be applied in the early universe. Thanks to the coupling to gravity, the equation of state of our universe for a scale-invariant power spectrum can be relaxed, and the relation between the parameters in the action can be obtained. This approach also provides a means to address the Big-Bang puzzles and anisotropy problem in the nonminimal coupling model within Jordan frame. Due to the equivalence between the two frames, one may be able to find models that are free of the horizon, flatness, singularity as well as anisotropy problems.
Carbon Monoxide Disproportionation over Ceria-Containing Materials

The disproportionation of CO catalyzed by ceria is demonstrated in this Raman spectroscopic investigation of the interaction of CO with ZrO2, Pd/ZrO2, Ce0.75Zr0. 25O2, and Pd/Ce0.75Zr0. 25O2