Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ignoring facial emotion expressions does not eliminate their influence on cooperation decisions

Whereas the automaticity of emotion processing has been investigated in several cognitive domains, its mandatory influence on cooperative decisionmaking is still unexplored. We employed an interference-task to evaluate whether explicit instructions to ignore the emotions of others during alleged interpersonal interactions override their behavioral effects. Participants played a Trust Game multiple times with eight cooperative or noncooperative partners, who displayed facial expressions of happiness or anger. Emotions were non-predictive regarding the partners’ cooperation. In Experiments 1 and 2 participants were explicitly asked to ignore the emotions, and the uncertainty about the partners’ behavior varied. We found an effect of emotional interference; whereas happy partners speeded cooperative decisions, angry ones speeded non-cooperative choices. This was replicated in Experiment 3, where the request of ignoring emotions was removed. Our results show the inevitable influence of the emotional displays of others during cooperation decisions, which fits with theories that contend for a tight link between emotions and social context.
Greening Gweru urban tourist lodges: low levels of ecoliteracy, green awareness and actions

This paper reports on the findings of an exploratory study on the level of environmental awareness and engagement among Gweru urban lodges. The study‟s data collection instruments were a survey questionnaire, personal observations, follow-up interviews and document analysis. The key finding of the study was that there were low levels of ecoliteracy and environmental awareness and consequently, limited „green actions‟ undertaken by lodge managers. It was also found that not a single tourist lodge had a formal written environmental policy whilst the lodge managers expressed a need for the provision of information and education around green tourism. A conclusion is reached that this study‟s findings are consistent with studies elsewhere that bemoan the limited nature of green actions undertaken by tourism Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs). The study ends with recommendations and an indication of future research priorities.
Small-scale spatio-temporal characteristics of accumulation rates in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica

Abstract Spatio-temporal variations of the recently determined accumulation rate are investigated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements and firn-core studies. The study area is located on Ritscherflya in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, at an elevation range 1400–1560 m. Accumulation rates are derived from internal reflection horizons (IRHs), tracked with GPR, which are connected to a dated firn core. GPR-derived internal layer depths show small relief along a 22 km profile on an ice flowline. Average accumulation rates are about 190 kg m−2 a−1 (1980–2005) with spatial variability (1σ) of 5% along the GPR profile. The interannual variability obtained from four dated firn cores is one order of magnitude higher, showing 1σ standard deviations around 30%. Mean temporal variations of GPRderived accumulation rates are of the same magnitude or even higher than spatial variations. Temporal differences between 1980–90 and 1990–2005, obtained from two dated IRHs along the GPR profile, indicate temporally non-stationary processes, linked to spatial variations. Comparison with similarly obtained accumulation data from another coastal area in central Dronning Maud Land confirms this observation. Our results contribute to understanding spatio-temporal variations of the accumulation processes, necessary for the validation of satellite data (e.g. altimetry studies and gravity missions such as Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)).
The Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Anxiety and Self-efficacy’s Relationship with Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of the use of Metacognitive Writing Strategies

There is growing interest in promoting metacognition among college and university students, as this has been linked with positive student learning outcomes. This study explores the relationship between student writing anxiety and self-efficacy on undergraduate students’ self-reported use of metacognitive writing strategies. Using undergraduate student survey data from a large, research-intensive university in Ontario, Canada, we found reductions in writing anxiety and increased self-efficacy had a statistically significant association with students’ perceptions of using metacognitive writing strategies. These findings have implications for both theory and practice. They demonstrate that writing metacognition is influenced by emotional factors, such as the level of anxiety and the extent of self-beliefs around writing. It also suggests that writing interventions that seek to reduce anxiety and increase undergraduate students’ self-efficacy with respect to writing may positively enhance students’ use of metacognitive writing strategies, and ultimately improve student writing outcomes. fois théoriques et pratiques. Ils prouvent que la métacognition en écriture est influencée par des facteurs émotionnels, tels que le degré d’anxiété et la portée des auto-croyances en ce qui concerne les travaux d’écriture. Ils suggèrent également que les interventions d’écriture qui tentent de réduire l’anxiété et d’augmenter l’efficacité personnelle des étudiants en ce qui a trait à l’écriture pourraient améliorer de façon positive l’emploi fait par les étudiants de stratégies d’écriture métacognitives et, en fin de compte, améliorer les résultats des étudiants en matière d’écriture.
Rice nutritional and medicinal properties: A review article

Rice is most common cereal, serving as a stable food for approximately half of the global population. Over 2 billion people in Asia alone derive 80% of their energy needs from rice, which contains 80% carbohydrates, 7–8% protein, 3% fat, and 3% fibre. Drug molecule from food always been preferred. Natural molecule may have better physiological compatibility with lesser or no toxic effect. Several researches are going on different varieties of rice around the globe, number of publications from several countries showed the potent effect of different varieties of rice against diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cancer, inflammation etc. Rice possesses lesser antioxidant potency or has less antioxidant molecule compared with other cereals. Therefore, rice is a good candidate for natural sources of antioxidants and other medicinal properties and may hold the potential for the development of rice based functional foods, drugs, food preservative, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products.
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ELECTRICITY PRIVATIZATION IN NIGERIA

In this study we examine the drives for utility privatization in less developed countries in an overall economic reform package. Third World States are rolling back on provisions of water, health, telecommunication, and electricity. This article investigates this trend in Nigeria especially in the electricity sector which is regarded as a sine qua non in the economic and industrial growth of a nation. The result shows that the need to fulfil the conditions for aid and debt relief from donor countries and external agencies becomes the overwhelming and primary motive to privatize. This paper argues that subjecting public policy to the dictates of external agencies undermines the democratization process in Nigeria. Accordingly the paper posits that the Federal government need to take into cognizance the contribution of civil society and organized labour in articulating a people based economic reform. Keywords : Privatization, electricity, aid, donor agencies, organized labour
Fermi-LAT and Suzaku observations of the radio galaxy Centaurus B

Centaurus B is a nearby radio galaxy positioned in the southern hemisphere close to the Galactic plane. Here we present a detailed analysis of about 43 months of accumulated Fermi-LAT data of the γ-ray counterpart of the source initially reported in the 2nd Fermi-LAT catalog, and of newly acquired Suzaku X-ray data. We confirm its detection at GeV photon energies and analyze the extension and variability of the γ-ray source in the LAT dataset, in which it appears as a steady γ-ray emitter. The X-ray core of Centaurus B is detected as a bright source of a continuum radiation. We do not detect, however, any diffuse X-ray emission from the known radio lobes, with the provided upper limit only marginally consistent with the previously claimed ASCA flux. Two scenarios that connect the X-ray and γ-ray properties are considered. In the first one, we assume that the diffuse non-thermal X-ray emission component is not significantly below the derived Suzaku upper limit. In this case, modeling the inverse-Compton emission shows that the observed γ-ray flux of the source may in principle be produced within the lobes. This association would imply that efficient in-situ acceleration of the radiating electrons is occurring and that the lobes are dominated by the pressure from the relativistic particles. In the second scenario, with the diffuse X-ray emission well below the Suzaku upper limits, the lobes in the system are instead dominated by the magnetic pressure. In this case, the observed γ-ray flux is not likely to be produced within the lobes, but instead within the nuclear parts of the jet. By means of synchrotron self-Compton modeling, we show that this possibility could be consistent with the broad-band data collected for the unresolved core of Centaurus B, including the newly derived Suzaku spectrum.
Daily river flow forecasting in a semi-arid region using twodatadriven

Rainfall-runoff relationship is very important in many fields of hydrology such as water supply and water resourcemanagement and there are many models in this field. Among these models, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) wasfound suitable for processing rainfall-runoff and opened various approaches in hydrological modeling. In addition,ANNs are quick and flexible approaches which provide very promising results, and are cheaper and simpler toimplement than their physically based models. Therefore, this study evaluated the use of ANN models to forecastdaily flows in Bar watershed, a semi-arid region in the northwest Razavi Khorasan Province of Iran. Two differentneural network models, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and the radial basis neural network (RBF), were developedand their abilities to predict run off were compared for a period of fifty-five years from 1951 to 2006. The bestperformance was achieved based on statistical criteria such as RMSE, RE and SSE. It was found that MLP showed agood generalization of the rainfall-runoff relationship and is better than RBF. In addition, 1-day antecedent runoffaffected river flow, such that the statistical criteria decreased but the 5-day antecedent rainfall remained unaffected.Furthermore, considering MLP, RE and RMSE, the best model produced the values 46.21 and 0.75 while the RBFmodel recorded 177.60 and 0.82, respectively.
TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Exchange Role of Multiagency Response and On-Scene Times in Large- Role of Multiagency Response and On-Scene Times in Large-Scale Traffic Incidents Scale Traffic Incidents

Traffic incidents, often known as nonrecurring events, impose enormous economic and social costs. Compared with short-duration incidents, large-scale incidents can substantially disrupt traffic flow by blocking lanes on highways for long periods. A careful examination of large-scale traffic incidents and associated factors can assist with actionable large-scale incident management strategies. For such an analysis, a unique and comprehensive 5-year incident database on East Tennessee roadways was assembled to conduct an in-depth investigation of large-scale incidents, especially focusing on operational responses, that is, response and on-scene times by various agencies. Incidents longer than 120 min and blocking at least one lane were considered large scale; the database con-tained 890 incidents, which was about 0.69% of all reported incidents. Rigorous fixed- and random-parameter, hazard-based duration models were estimated to account for the possibility of unobserved heterogeneity in large-scale incidents. The modeling results reveal significant heterogeneity in associations between operational responses and large-scale incident durations. A 30-min increase in response time for the first, second, and third (or more) highway response units translated to a 2.8%, 1.6%, and 4.2% increase in large-scale incident durations, respectively. In addition, longer response times for towing and highway patrol were significantly associated with longer incident durations. Given large-scale incidents, associated factors included vehicle fire, unscheduled roadwork, weekdays, afternoon peaks, and traffic volume. Notably, the associations were heterogeneous; that is, the direction could be positive in some cases and negative in others. Practical implications of the results for large-scale incident management are discussed.
Spatial Mismatch Between Hiv Infection and Access to Hiv Service Facilities in Texas

Since 2004, the number of people living with HIV (PLWH) has steadily increased by about 5% and currently, the number in Texas is about 86,000. Though the National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan seeks to ensure “unfettered access to quality healthcare”, barriers to access still exist especially among minority populations. This study examines the relationship between HIV infection rates and the geographic location of HIV service centers with a focus on 4 counties: namely, Dallas, Denton, Harris and Tarrant. The goal is to show whether there is a spatial mismatch between HIV rates and service providers. Are service facilities located in zip codes where they are most needed? Using the vulnerability framework and the Inverse Care Law (ICL), we address the research question using demographic variables (race/ethnicity, sex, poverty, education attainment) and HIV data. Our results show that extreme vulnerable zip codes have high HIV rates and closest proximity to HIV service providers.
THE BRIGHT END OF THE z ∼ 9 AND z ∼ 10 UV LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS USING ALL FIVE CANDELS FIELDS

The deep, wide-area (∼800–900 arcmin2) near-infrared/WFC3/IR + Spitzer/IRAC observations over the CANDELS fields have been a remarkable resource for constraining the bright end of high-redshift UV luminosity functions. However, the lack of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) 1.05 μm observations over the CANDELS fields has made it difficult to identify z ∼ 9–10 sources robustly, since such data are needed to confirm the presence of an abrupt Lyman break at 1.2 μm. Here, we report on the successful identification of many such z ∼ 9–10 sources from a new HST program (z9-CANDELS) that targets the highest-probability z ∼ 9–10 galaxy candidates with observations at 1.05 μm, to search for a robust Lyman-break at 1.2 μm. The potential z ∼ 9–10 candidates were preselected from the full HST, Spitzer/IRAC S-CANDELS observations, and the deepest-available ground-based optical+near-infrared observations (CFHTLS-DEEP+HUGS+UltraVISTA+ZFOURGE). We identified 15 credible z ∼ 9–10 galaxies over the CANDELS fields. Nine of these galaxies lie at z ∼ 9 and five are new identifications. Our targeted follow-up strategy has proven to be very efficient in making use of scarce HST time to secure a reliable sample of z ∼ 9–10 galaxies. Through extensive simulations, we replicate the selection process for our sample (both the preselection and follow-up) and use it to improve current estimates for the volume density of bright z ∼ 9 and z ∼ 10 galaxies. The volume densities we find are 5 and lower, respectively, than those found at z ∼ 8. When compared with the best-fit evolution (i.e., ) in the UV luminosity densities from z ∼ 8 to z ∼ 4 integrated to (−20 mag), these luminosity densities are and lower, respectively, than the extrapolated trends. Our new results are broadly consistent with the “accelerated evolution” scenario at z > 8, consistent with that seen in many models.
Physico-chemical and microbiological changes in commercial tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during cold storage

Antecedentes: Los procesos microbiologicos y quimicos son los principales responsables del deterioro del pescado fresco. Por tanto, es esencial evitar estos procesos aplicando buenas practicas de fabricacion durante la manipulacion, distribucion y almacenamiento del pescado. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los cambios fisico-quimicos y microbiologicos en tilapia comercial (Oreochromis niloticus) duante el almacenamiento refrigerado con el fin de establecer la vida util desde su llegada al supermercado. Metodos: 27 especimenes de tilapia fueron analizados a dia 0, 2, 4 y 7 de almacenamiento a 4 oC. Se llevaron a cabo medidas de textura, color, capacidad de retencion de agua, nitrogeno basico volatil total (N-BVT), indice del acido tiobarbiturico, compuestos relacionados con el ATP, asi como analisis microbianos. Resultados: El contenido en N-BVT fue alto al principio del estudio, siendo estable durante el almacenamiento. La oxidacion lipidica de las muestras fue minima, por lo que este proceso no contribuyo al deterioro del pescado. Se observo la degradacion de inosina-5’- monofosfato (IMP) a Ino (inosina), y de Ino a Hx (hipoxantina). Los parametros de textura y color sufrieron cambios como consecuencia del deterioro del pescado. Se observaron bajos recuentos microbianos a dia 0, pero los recuentos de Enterobacteriaceae y de mesofilos aumentaron gradualmente durante el almacenamiento. Conclusiones: El valor K1 mostro el deterioro progresivo del pescado durante el almacenamiento en refrigeracion. La disminucion de dureza y firmeza confirmo la perdida de calidad a lo largo del tiempo de estudio. Los bajos recuentos microbianos al principio del estudio demostraron la buena calidad de la tilapia; sin embargo, el aumento de los recuentos de mesofilos al final del periodo estudiado mostraron que la tilapia no era adecuada para el consumo humado a dia 7.
Beyond difference scores : testing models of speed of information-processing using confirmatory factor analysis

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu. Recommended Citation Uhland, Gary A. , "Beyond difference scores : testing models of speed of information-processing using confirmatory factor analysis" (1988). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 3845.
SUPPRESSION OF DIAPREPES ABBREVIATUS IN POTTED CITRUS BY COMBINATIONS OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES WITH DIFFERENT LIFESPANS

El-Borai, F. E. , J. D. Zellers, and L. W. Duncan. 2007. Suppression of Diaprepes abbreviatus in potted citrus by combinations of entomopathogenic nematodes with different lifespans. Nematropica 37:33-41. Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that augmenting entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) communities with short-lived EPN species can gradually reduce biological control of insect larvae by partially displacing longer-lived EPN species. Citrus seedlings growing in pasteurized soil mix were infested with Steinernema riobrave (Sr; short-lived) and S. diaprepesi (Sd; long-lived), either alone or in combination in both experiments, and with Heterorhabditis zealandica (Hz; short-lived) alone or combined with Sr or Sd in the second experiment. Larvae of the weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus were added to the pots periodically and plants were grown for up to 8.5 months in the first experiment and 13.6 months in the second. No interactions (P ≥ 0.05) occurred between any treatment in either experiment. In the first experiment, the average weight of plants treated with Sd or Sd + Sr was greater than that of untreated controls (P < 0.01), but the main effect of Sr was not significant. The growth and survival of the citrus plants in the second experiment and the suppression of weevil larvae were greatest in the treatment combinations that contained Sd. Plant weights in all treatments containing Sd were greater than those of positive controls (P ≤ 0.01) and did not differ from those of negative controls (no weevils). Treatments with Sr also produced plants that were heavier than the positive controls, but lighter than the negative controls (P ≤ 0.05). Augmenting pots with Hz did not significantly affect plant weight or insect suppression. Steinernema diaprepesi was the only EPN species recovered by baiting soil with insect larvae at the end of either experiment. Neither experiment supported the hypothesis. Indeed, the long-lived Sd revealed a remarkable ability to invade adjacent pots where it became the dominant species.
Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Plasma Glucose of Preeclamptic Women in Ibadan, Nigeria

Biochemical metabolites are implicated in preeclampsia, which include elevated plasma concentration of Triglycerides (TG), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLC), total lipids and reduced High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLC) concentrations and significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose, and serum insulin homeostasis model of assessment. Vitamin D supplementation seems to be a possible target for intervention and possible improved pregnancy outcomes in preeclampsia. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the effects of Vitamin D supplementation on the Lipid Profile, and random plasma glucose levels of preeclamptic women in Ibadan, Nigeria. This interventional study was carried out at the Antenatal clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments of University College Hospital Ibadan and Adeoyo Maternity Clinic, Yemetu, Ibadan, Nigeria. 120 pregnant women aged 18 to 35 were recruited; 40 normotensive pregnant women served as control; 40 randomly chosen preeclamptic women were placed on oral vitamin D supplement of 1000 IU/day for 8 weeks and 40 preeclamptic women were given no supplement. Blood samples were taken at study baseline (22 weeks), after 8 weeks of supplementation (3rd trimester) and 3 to 5 days postpartum in all groups to quantify serum vitamin D, random glucose and Lipid profile. Vitamin D was quantified by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), glucose status by glucose oxidase method and lipid profile by standard methods. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) soft version 17.0 and subjected to One way analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Student’s t test. Results showed a significant increase (p p p p p > 0.05). Vitamin D supplementation is important in ameliorating dyslipidemia associated with preeclampsia.