Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum spin Hall effect induced by nonmagnetic and magnetic staggered potentials

We conducted a comparative study of the quantum spin Hall (QSH) effects induced by nonmagnetic and magnetic staggered potentials, respectively, and show that they have the same effect in driving the topological phase transition. The result implies that both time-reversal ($\mathcal{T}$) preserving and breaking systems can host a QSH effect. We also investigate the stability of the resulting QSH effect for disorder and find that, for $\mathcal{T}$ invariant systems, the edge states are always robust while those of the $\mathcal{T}$ breaking system are also robust if there is additional symmetry in the system.
Demographic Variables Are Associated with Differing Perceptions of a Broad Range of Public Library Benefits

Objective – To determine the frequency and nature of perceived beneficial outcomes of public libraries on individuals, and to identify demographic differences in these perceived outcomes. Design – Self-administered, online questionnaire asking respondents to rate the frequency of benefits they received from public libraries in 22 areas of life including education, work, and business; everyday activities; and leisure activities. Setting – United States of America. Subjects – 1010 respondents from 49 states: 50% female, 76% white, 55% urban or suburban. Methods – Correspondence analysis was used to visualize relationships between demographic variables and perceived outcomes. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify structures among the outcomes and summarize data into three core dimensions: everyday activities and interests; reading and self-education; and work and formal education. Multiway ANOVAs were used to test the significance of demographic differences on perceived outcomes. Main Results – The most highly ranked areas of perceived benefits were reading fiction and non-fiction, self-education during leisure time, interest in history or society, and health. Outdoor activities, exercise, and sport ranked the lowest. Respondents in younger age groups reported benefits in “education and work,” as did ethnic minorities and people with lower household incomes. “Everyday life” benefits were reported by male, suburban, White, middle-income respondents. “Reading and self-education” benefits were reported by high-income, older age groups, White, and female respondents. Two demographic groups did not correspond to any benefit categories: those who did not graduate high school and those over age 65. Conclusion – There are significant differences among demographic groups in how the benefits of public libraries are perceived, and these demographic differences have implications for program planning, marketing, and outreach in public libraries. Specifically, libraries should work to increase and improve service to less-advantaged groups, including low-income earners and ethnic minorities, and make available more services and resources relevant to older people.
On Anomalous Lieb-Robinson Bounds for the Fibonacci XY Chain

We rigorously prove a new kind of anomalous (or sub-ballistic) Lieb-Robinson bound for the isotropic XY chain with Fibonacci external magnetic field at arbitrary coupling. It is anomalous in that the usual exponential decay in $x-vt$ is replaced by exponential decay in $x-vt^\alpha$ with $0<\alpha<1$. In fact, we can characterize the values of $\alpha$ for which such a bound holds as those exceeding $\alpha_u^+$, the upper transport exponent of the one-body Fibonacci Hamiltonian. Following the approach of \cite{HSS11}, we relate Lieb-Robinson bounds to dynamical bounds for the one-body Hamiltonian corresponding to the XY chain via the Jordan-Wigner transformation; in our case the one-body Hamiltonian with Fibonacci potential. We can bound its dynamics by adapting techniques developed in \cite{DT07, DT08, D05, DGY} to our purposes. We also explain why our method does not extend to yield anomalous Lieb-Robinson bounds of power-law type for the random dimer model.
Synthesis and Characterization studies of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles

In this work, ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple microwave irradiation method (MIM) using glycine as the fuel. For the comparative study purpose it was also prepared by conventional heating (CHM) method. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy and Photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis. XRD Results revealed cubic spinel unit cell structure with an average size of 7-21nm. High Resolution Transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) image shows that sphere like ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles showing particle sizes in the range of 7 – 10 nm. The calculated Eg values of the samples are 2.11 eV and 1.98 eV for ZnFe2O4-MIM and ZnFe2O4-CHM, respectively. Photoluminescence emission spectra were analyzed.
Superconducting Properties of the K$_{x}$WO$_{3}$ Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze and the Superconducting Phase Diagram of the Tungsten Bronze Family

We report the superconducting properties of the K$_{x}$WO$_{3}$ tetragonal tungsten bronze. The highest superconducting transition temperature ($T_{c}=2.1$K) was obtained for K$_{0.38}$WO$_{3}$. $T_{c}$ decreases linearly with increasing K content. Using the measured values for the upper critical field $H_{c2}$, and the specific heat $C$, we estimate the orbital critical field $H_{c2}$(0), coherence length $\xi$(0), Debye temperature $\Theta _{D}$ and coupling constant $\lambda _{ep}$. The magnitude of the specific heat jump at $T_{c}$ suggests that the K$_{x}$WO$_{3}$ tetragonal tungsten bronze is a weakly-coupled superconductor. The superconducting phase diagram of the doped tungsten bronze family is presented.
AN OBJECTIVE DEFINITION FOR THE MAIN SEQUENCE OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

The main sequence (MS) of star-forming (SF) galaxies plays a fundamental role in driving galaxy evolution and our efforts to understand it. However, different studies find significant differences in the normalization, slope, and shape of the MS. These discrepancies arise mainly from the different selection criteria adopted to isolate SF galaxies, which may include or exclude galaxies with a specific star formation rate (SFR) substantially below the MS value. To obviate this limitation of all current criteria, we propose an objective definition of the MS that does not rely at all on a pre-selection of SF galaxies. Constructing the 3D SFR–mass–number plot, the MS is then defined as the ridge line of the SF peak, as illustrated with various figures. The advantages of such a definition are manifold. If generally adopted, it will facilitate the inter-comparison of results from different groups using the same SFR and stellar mass diagnostics, or it will highlight the relative systematics of different diagnostics. All of this could help to understand MS galaxies as systems in a quasi-steady state equilibrium and would also provide a more objective criterion for identifying quenching galaxies.
Managing dynamic spectrum access under uncertainty in Cognitive Radio Networks

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) allow unlicensed users (secondary users, or SUs) to opportunistically access the licensed spectrum without causing disruptive interference to the primary users (PUs). One of the main challenges in CRNs is the ability to detect PU transmissions. Recent works have suggested the use of SU cooperation over individual sensing to improve sensing accuracy. Our overall goal is to manage dynamic spectrum access using cooperative sensing and provide provable performance guarantees. We have included the following in the thesis: We first consider a CRN consisting of multiple PUs and SUs to study the problem of maximizing the total expected system throughput. We propose a Bayesiandecision-rule-based-algorithm to solve the problem optimally with a constant time complexity. To prioritize PU transmissions, we re-formulate the throughput maximization problem by adding a constraint on the PU throughput. The constrained optimization problem is shown to be strongly NP-hard and solved via a greedy algorithm with time complexity O( N 5 log2 1 1−ε ) where N is the total number of SUs. The algorithm achieves a throughput strictly greater than 1 2 (1 − ε) of the optimal solution. We also investigate the case for which a constraint is put on the sensing time overhead, which limits the number of SUs that can participate in cooperative sensing. We reveal that the system throughput is monotonic over the number of SUs chosen for sensing.
Probabilistic variational methods for vision based complex motion analysis

Many emerging applications, including intelligent vision based human computer interaction, intelligent video surveillance, virtual and augmented reality, animation, and biomedical image analysis for computer aided diagnosis and surgery, demand effective and efficient vision-based methods to analyze complex motions, such as articulated motion, deformable motion, and multiple motions. The fundamental challenges of this inverse problem come from two aspects: the high degrees of freedom in these complex motions, and the complications in the image measurements. The high dimensionality of this problem has plagued the scalability and efficiency of many existing methods. In search for a new and scalable solution that overcomes the curse of dimensionality, we view this problem from another angle and conjecture that the complexity of such a problem can be approached by the collaboration among a set of low dimensional motion estimators. Targeting on the two fundamental challenges, in this dissertation, we propose a distributed and collaborative probabilistic reasoning framework for complex motion analysis. The theoretic foundation of the proposed approach is based on probabilistic graphical models. The probabilistic variational inference on these graphical models clearly reveals a set of simple interactive Bayesian motion estimators, which obtains the optimal solution in a collaborative fashion. All computations in the Bayesian inference can be efficiently performed in a distributed and parallel way. The proposed collaborative approach is also a distributed visual measurement integration framework, which handles measurement uncertainty, measurement multi-modality, and measurement inconsistency in a principled way. Extensive experimental results on analyzing different complex motions demonstrate the effectiveness, efficiency, scalability and robustness of the proposed collaborative approach.
Factors in the Adoption of Third-Party B2B Portals in the Textile Industry

For this study. 121 Hong Kong garment manufacturing firms were surveyed on their adoption of a third-party B2B portal, which utilizes an Internet-based EDI technology using XML. Using path analysis, the impact of underlying factors such as CEO innovativeness and attitude toward IT. perceived external pressure, and perceived benefits and hindrances are studied. In particular, the effect of firm size on the adoption of the technology, which is our major contribution, is fully investigated in this study. Our findings, which are consistent with previous studies on adoption, indicate that perceived benefits, perceived hindrances. and perceived external pressure have a strong effect on the decision to adopt a third-party B2B portal. Firms that perceive more benefits, less hindrance, or greater external pressure to adopt a technology will be more likely to adopt that technology. Moreover, the size of a firm is an important factor. Larger manufacturers will perceive to have less external pressure, more hindrances, and fewer benefits to adoption than smaller ones. Among these three factors, firm size has large impact on both perceived external pressure and perceived hindrances and small impact on perceived benefits. In addition, the existence of some hidden factors such as existing market position and partner relationships would help to explain the direct effect of firm size. Larger manufacturers may be more unwilling to adopt a third-party B2B portal because of their unique market position and/or already connect with their clothing companies through intranet. These factors enable us to achieve a clear understanding of the adoption of a technological business solution for inter-organizational communications.
A predictive analytic model for high-performance tunneling field-effect transistors approaching non-equilibrium Green's function simulations

A new compact modeling approach is presented which describes the full current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of high-performance (aggressively scaled-down) tunneling field-effect-transistors (TFETs) based on homojunction direct-bandgap semiconductors. The model is based on an analytic description of two key features, which capture the main physical phenomena related to TFETs: (1) the potential profile from source to channel and (2) the elliptic curvature of the complex bands in the bandgap region. It is proposed to use 1D Poisson's equations in the source and the channel to describe the potential profile in homojunction TFETs. This allows to quantify the impact of source/drain doping on device performance, an aspect usually ignored in TFET modeling but highly relevant in ultra-scaled devices. The compact model is validated by comparison with state-of-the-art quantum transport simulations using a 3D full band atomistic approach based on non-equilibrium Green's functions. It is shown that the model reproduces.
The radius of $\alpha$-convexity of normalized Bessel functions of the first kind

The radii of $\alpha$-convexity are deduced for three different kind of normalized Bessel functions of the first kind and it is shown that these radii are between the radii of starlikeness and convexity, when $\alpha\in[0,1],$ and they are decreasing with respect to the parameter $\alpha. $ The results presented in this paper unify some recent results on the radii of starlikeness and convexity for normalized Bessel functions of the first kind. The key tools in the proofs are some interlacing properties of the zeros of some Dini functions and the zeros of Bessel functions of the first kind.
On the Complexity Analysis of the Primal Solutions for the Accelerated Randomized Dual Coordinate Ascent

Dual first-order methods are essential techniques for large-scale constrained convex optimization. However, when recovering the primal solutions, we need $T(\epsilon^{-2})$ iterations to achieve an $\epsilon$-optimal primal solution when we apply an algorithm to the non-strongly convex dual problem with $T(\epsilon^{-1})$ iterations to achieve an $\epsilon$-optimal dual solution, where $T(x)$ can be $x$ or $\sqrt{x}$. In this paper, we prove that the iteration complexity of the primal solutions and dual solutions have the same $O\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\epsilon}}\right)$ order of magnitude for the accelerated randomized dual coordinate ascent. When the dual function further satisfies the quadratic functional growth condition, by restarting the algorithm at any period, we establish the linear iteration complexity for both the primal solutions and dual solutions even if the condition number is unknown. When applied to the regularized empirical risk minimization problem, we prove the iteration complexity of $O\left(n\log n+\sqrt{\frac{n}{\epsilon}}\right)$ in both primal space and dual space, where $n$ is the number of samples. Our result takes out the $\left(\log \frac{1}{\epsilon}\right)$ factor compared with the methods based on smoothing/regularization or Catalyst reduction. As far as we know, this is the first time that the optimal $O\left(\sqrt{\frac{n}{\epsilon}}\right)$ iteration complexity in the primal space is established for the dual coordinate ascent based stochastic algorithms. We also establish the accelerated linear complexity for some problems with nonsmooth loss, i.e., the least absolute deviation and SVM.
DEEP CHANDRA X-RAY IMAGING OF A NEARBY RADIO GALAXY 4C+29.30: X-RAY/RADIO CONNECTION

We report results from our deep Chandra X-ray observations of a nearby radio galaxy, 4C+29.30 (z = 0.0647). The Chandra image resolves structures on sub-arcsec to arcsec scales, revealing complex X-ray morphology and detecting the main radio features: the nucleus, a jet, hotspots, and lobes. The nucleus is absorbed (NH ≃ 3.95+0.27−0.33 × 1023 cm−2) with an unabsorbed luminosity of L2–10 keV ≃ (5.08 ± 0.52) × 1043 erg s−1 characteristic of Type 2 active galactic nuclei. Regions of soft (<2 keV) X-ray emission that trace the hot interstellar medium (ISM) are correlated with radio structures along the main radio axis, indicating a strong relation between the two. The X-ray emission extends beyond the radio source and correlates with the morphology of optical-line-emitting regions. We measured the ISM temperature in several regions across the galaxy to be kT ≃ 0.5 keV, with slightly higher temperatures (of a few keV) in the center and in the vicinity of the radio hotspots. Assuming that these regions were heated by weak shocks driven by the expanding radio source, we estimated the corresponding Mach number of 1.6 in the southern regions. The thermal pressure of the X-ray-emitting gas in the outermost regions suggests that the hot ISM is slightly underpressured with respect to the cold optical-line-emitting gas and radio-emitting plasma, which both seem to be in a rough pressure equilibrium. We conclude that 4C+29.30 displays a complex view of interactions between the jet-driven radio outflow and host galaxy environment, signaling feedback processes closely associated with the central active nucleus.
Chemical evolution on the scale of clusters of galaxies: a conundrum?

The metal content of clusters of galaxies and its relation to their stellar content is revisited making use of a cluster sample for which all four basic parameters are homogeneously measured within consistent radii, namely core-excised mass-weighted metallicity plus total, stellar and ICM masses. For clusters of total mass $M_{500} >$ $\sim 10^{14}$ $M_{\odot}$ nice agreement is found between their iron content and what expected from empirical supernova yields. For the same clusters, there also appears to be at least as much iron in the intracluster medium (ICM) as there is still locked into stars (i.e., the ICM/stars metal share is about unity). However, for more massive clusters the stellar mass fraction appears to drop substantially without being accompanied by a drop in the ICM metallicity, thus generating a major tension with the nucleosynthesis expectation and inflating the metal share to extremely high values (up to $\sim 6$). Various possible solutions of this conundrum are discussed, but are all considered either astrophysically implausible, or lacking an independent observational support. For this reason we still entertain the possibility that even some of the best cluster data may be faulty, though we are not able to identify any obvious bias. Finally, based on the stellar mass-metallicity relation for local galaxies we estimate the contribution of galaxies to the ICM enrichment as a function of their mass, concluding that even the most massive galaxies must have lost a major fraction of the metals they have produced.
Decentralized Nm Output Feedback Control of Interconnected Time-Delay Systems

This paper considers the problem of decentralized 3-1, output feedback control of a class of large-scale interconnected systems with time-delays in the subsystems and their interconnections. First, sufficient conditions for the existence of a linear dynamic output Fxledback controller are presented using a linear matrix illequality (LMI) approach. Then, an explicit construction of decentralized output feedback controller is given.
Can We Use the History of Science to Decide between Competing Methodologies?

How are we to decide between the different methodologies that have been proposed for science? In particular, how are we to decide between in- ductivism, conventionalism, falsificationism, and research programism? Lakatos says that we should use history of science to help us decide. He proposes, or at any rate seems to propose, the following criterion: Given competing methodologies we should prefer that methodology according to which more of the actual history of science is internal and rational, and more of scientists’ own judgments about science are correct. This criterion presupposes the following proposition, which Lakatos also asserts: The different methodologies lead to determinable and different dividing lines between internal (rational) history of science and external (empirical) history of science. I have doubts about both of these, the criterion and the proposition presupposed by it, and therefore I have doubts about whether history of science can be used as Lakatos proposes to judge between different methodologies.1 I shall indicate what my doubts are, starting first with the proposition that the different methodologies lead to deter-minable and different dividing lines between internal and external history of science.
Stress And Emotion : Anxiety, Anger, & Curiosity

Part 1: Assessing Stress, Emotion And Coping In Daily Life Social Support - current status, current issues experience, expression and control of anger in Chinese society - the case of Singapore assessing anger with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory the Norwegian adaption of the state-trait Anger Expression Inventory - a presentation of its main pychometric properties stress and passionate love. Part 2 stress And Emotion In The Workplace Occupational Stress, Personnel Adaption And health time urgency and its relation to occupational stressors and health outcome for health care professionals causes and consequences of familial role stress among working women - a case study in India work stress disorders by persons with severe mental disorders. Part 3: stress And Emotions In The School Changes In Anxiety And Anger For College students performing a rock classification task relations of anger expression to depression and blood pressure in high school students. Part 4: Anger, Emotions And Disease, Anger Supression, Cynical Distrust And hostility - implications for coronary heart disease suppressing your anger - good good manners, bad health? anger expression and blood pressure anger and anxiety in hypersensitive patients in India behavioral intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder.
Culture and Cognition

In this chapter, the authors discuss various ways that culture shapes cognition—the processes and products of the human mind. Their coverage ranges from what is traditionally considered to be less purely cerebral components, such as attention and perception, to higher mental processes, such as reasoning and autobiographical memory. These cognitive components may be directed at nonhuman objects or at the human world of social cognition. By reviewing key empirical research, the authors argue that culture, as a system of values and practices, provides an overarching framework to guide individuals when they attend to, perceive, evaluate, explain, describe, and remember events and objects related to themselves and the larger environment. Throughout the discussion, the authors highlight socialization practices that mediate cultural influences on the developing mind.
Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics: The challenge of complexity to ways of thinking about organisations

Ralph D. Stacey and Chris Mowles, Organisational Dynamics: The challenge of complexity to ways of thinking about organisations, 7th Edition (Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2016), ISBN: 978-1-292-07874-8 (print), 978-1-292-07877-5 (eText).