Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Sparse Signal-Matched Measurement Matrix for Compressive Sensing in UWB Communication

Ultra wideband (UWB) technology is suitable for high data rate short range wireless communication, localization, and imaging techniques. However, UWB systems require high sampling rate and precise synchronization. In order to reduce the sampling rate, have precise synchronization, and for low power requirement, UWB systems are implemented using compressive or sub-Nyquist rate measured samples by exploiting the sparsity of the UWB signal. Compressive sensing (CS)-based UWB systems are being designed in two ways: 1) signal demodulation or detection is performed in the CS domain without full signal recovery at the front-end. Thus, demodulation or detection works on compressive measurements. However, system performance deteriorates in the CS domain as compared with full Nyquist rate sampling and 2) after, Nyquist rate signal is recovered using efficient algorithms at the front-end, the signal demodulation or detection is performed using the conventional receiver. Thus, one requires an efficient CS/sampling of signal measurement at the front-end for better system performance for both the cases stated earlier. In this paper, we propose a deterministic (partial) UWB waveform-matched measurement matrix. The proposed measurement matrix has a circulant structure and is sparse in nature. The proposed matrix is easy to implement in hardware and is operationally time efficient as needed in a practical system. The bit error rate performance of the corresponding UWB system and the operational time complexity with the proposed measurement matrix are better as compared with the existing measurement matrices in the CS domain for both the above receiver designs. The efficacy of the proposed measurement matrix is verified through extensive simulations in both the additive white Gaussian noise and multipath communication environments. In addition, we have also compared other desirable properties of the proposed measurement matrix with the existing measurement matrices.
Predisposition of Dog Breeds to Rupture of the Cranial Cruciate Ligament

Neaas A. , J. Zatloukal, H. Kecova, M. Dvofiak: Predisposition of Dog Breeds to Rupture of Cranial Cruciate Ligament. Acta Vet. Brno 2000, 69: 305-310. Obtaining more data on breed predisposition of dogs to the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture and data on accompanying abnormalities of joints of pelvic limbs affected by the CCL rupture may help in answering some questions concerning the etiology and pathogenesis of the disorder. In 183 patients affected by the CCL rupture out of the total of 11579 dogs, evaluated and/or treated in the Clinic of Surgery and Orthopedics at the Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno from January 1997 till April 2000, the breed, weight, sex and concurrent joint abnormalities of pelvic limbs (hip dysplasia, patellar luxation and osteochondrosis of the stifle joint) were recorded. A total of 213 stifle joints (16.39% of cases were bilateral CCL ruptures) were affected. Increased breed predisposition (χ 2 -test; p < 0.01) was found in American Staffordshire Terrier, Rottweiler, Brazilian Fila, Labrador Retriever, American Cocker Spaniel, Chow Chow, German Shorthaired Pointer, Saint Bernard and Bullmastiff and also on the 5% level of significance in Boxer. Contrary to published data, the high incidence of CCL rupture was found in Brazilian Fila (13.43% of prevalence). The risk of the CCL rupture in German Shepherd Dog was significantly lower (χ2-test; p < 0.01) than in other breeds studied. At the same time in 27 patients with the CCL rupture we diagnosed canine hip dysplasia, in 9 dogs medial patellar luxation and in 5 cases osteochondrosis of the stifle joint. The data found are briefly discussed in relation to the possible CCL rupture etiology. Stifle joint, cranial cruciate ligament injury, prevalence, etiopathogenesis
The use of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori in Lagos, Nigeria.

OBJECTIVES This study was carried out to screen the use of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) tests for diagnosis and monitoring of H pylori in Nigeria. METHODS Seven hundred and forty participants were enrolled after informed consent was obtained, while 83 came back for a post-eradication test. The stool samples were taken from the patients at endoscopy and tested for HpSA. RESULTS The proportion of patients that were positive at the pretest, 520 (70.3%) was significantly higher (Fisher's exact p = 0.001) than those positive at the post-test, 44 (53%). There was a significant difference (F = 4.106, p = 0.043) between the mean age of those that came for the pretest (40.0 +/- 14.5 years) and those that came for the post-test, 43.6 +/- 11.6 years. More males than females had the tendency to come back for a post-eradication test. CONCLUSION Although potential bias was introduced during this study, HpSA using monoclonal antibody could still be used for diagnosis and monitoring of H pylori in Nigeria.
Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Immunogenicity in Very-Low-Birth-Weight, Premature Infants

Background: The heptavalent pneumococcal CRM197 conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) has been incompletely studied in very-low-birth-weight (≤1500 g) infants. Objective: To assess PCV-7 immunogenicity in very-low-birth-weight, premature infants. We hypothesized that the frequency of postvaccine antibody concentrations ≥0.15 &mgr;g/mL would vary directly with birth weight. Methods: This was a multicenter observational study. Infants 401 to 1500 g birth weight and <32 0/7 weeks gestation, stratified by birth weight, were enrolled from 9 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network centers. Infants received PCV-7 at 2, 4, and 6 months after birth and had blood drawn 4 to 6 weeks following the third dose. Antibodies against the 7 vaccine serotypes were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Of 369 enrolled infants, 244 completed their primary vaccine series by 8 months and had serum obtained. Subjects were 27.8 ± 2.2 (mean ± standard deviation) weeks gestation and 1008 ± 282 g birth weight. Twenty-six percent had bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 16% had received postnatal glucocorticoids. Infants 1001 to 1500 g birth weight were more likely than those 401 to 1000 g to achieve antibody concentrations ≥0.15 &mgr;g/mL against the least 2 immunogenic serotypes (6B: 96% vs. 85%, P = 0.003 and 23F: 97% vs. 88%, P = 0.009). In multiple logistic regression analysis, lower birth weight, postnatal glucocorticoid use, lower weight at blood draw, and Caucasian race were each independently associated with antibody concentrations <0.35 &mgr;g/mL against serotypes 6B and/or 23F. Conclusions: When compared with larger premature infants, infants weighing ≤1000 g at birth have similar antibody responses to most, but not all, PCV-7 vaccine serotypes.
Sip1 regulates the generation of the inner nuclear layer retinal cell lineages in mammals

The transcription factor Sip1 (Zeb2) plays multiple roles during CNS development from early acquisition of neural fate to cortical neurogenesis and gliogenesis. In humans, SIP1 (ZEB2) haploinsufficiency leads to Mowat–Wilson syndrome, a complex congenital anomaly including intellectual disability, epilepsy and Hirschsprung disease. Here we uncover the role of Sip1 in retinogenesis. Somatic deletion of Sip1 from mouse retinal progenitors primarily affects the generation of inner nuclear layer cell types, resulting in complete loss of horizontal cells and reduced numbers of amacrine and bipolar cells, while the number of Muller glia is increased. Molecular analysis places Sip1 downstream of the eye field transcription factor Pax6 and upstream of Ptf1a in the gene network required for generating the horizontal and amacrine lineages. Intriguingly, characterization of differentiation dynamics reveals that Sip1 has a role in promoting the timely differentiation of retinal interneurons, assuring generation of the proper number of the diverse neuronal and glial cell subtypes that constitute the functional retina in mammals. Summary: During mouse retinogenesis, the Sip1 transcription factor participates in the gene regulatory network that controls timely cell cycle exit and differentiation of a subset of retinal progenitor cells.
Current and emerging technology in G-LOC detection: noninvasive monitoring of cerebral microcirculation using near infrared.

G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) has emerged as an important operational problem of high-performance aircraft. Since it appears that G-LOC will continue to be a problem, a requirement exists to detect its occurrence in pilots so that the aircraft may be placed on autopilot. One excellent method of detecting G-LOC physiologically, one would assume, would be based on the oxidative status of the brain. This determination can be made noninvasively with an Oxidative Metabolism Near-Infrared monitor using 4 wave lengths (OMNI-4). The OMNI-4 is capable of measuring the relative quantities in the brain of hemoglobin (Hb), oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2), blood volume (BV), and oxidative status of cytochrome c oxidase. This instrument was tested on subjects in the USAFSAM human-use centrifuge at +3, 4, and 5 Gz with onset rates of 1 G.s-1. Results showed changes within the brain, as expected, during increased G with reductions in Hb, BV, and HbO2. Cytochrome c oxidase measurements were inconclusive. Immediately following G exposure, Hb, BV, and HbO2 "overshoots" occurred suggesting vasodilation of the cerebral microcirculation. The use of OMNI-4 in the laboratory and its possible role as a detector of G-LOC in pilots are discussed including suggestions for future developments.
SspA Is Required for Lethal Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infections in Calves but Is Not Essential for Diarrhea

ABSTRACT Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) encodes virulence determinants, which are important for enteropathogenicity in calves. To determine whether the Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium SPI-1 effector proteins SspA and SptP are important for enteropathogenicity, strains lacking these proteins were tested during oral infection of calves. Calves infected with asptP mutant or its isogenic parent developed diarrhea and lethal morbidity. In contrast, calves infected with an sspAmutant developed diarrhea, which resolved within 10 days but did not result in mortality. The sspA mutant was recovered from bovine intestinal tissues at numbers similar to those obtained for its isogenic parent and caused marked intestinal lesions. Thus, the severity of pathological changes caused by serovar Typhimurium strains or their ability to cause diarrhea were not predictive of their ability to cause lethal morbidity in calves. We conclude that factors other than or in addition to bacterial colonization, intestinal lesions, or electrolyte loss contribute to lethal morbidity in calves infected with serovar Typhimurium.
Severe Colonic Complications of Pancreatic Disease

Introduction Colonic involvement in pancreatic disorders is rare but potentially fatal. Extension of contiguous inflammation or neoplasm, autodigestive effects of enzymes, or dissection of a pseudocyst or abscess may involve the colon producing obstruction, perforation, hemorrhage, or abdominal pain. Results Nine patients with pancreatic disease requiring colonic resection were identified. Cases included pancreatic abscess producing colonic necrosis (2), pancreatic carcinoma invading the colon (3), extension of pancreatitis producing a colonic stricture (3), and pseudocyst eroding into the splenic flexure (1). Presentation was varied, including rectal bleeding (2), clinical deterioration during severe pancreatitis (4), and large bowel obstruction (3). The 3 cases due to malignancy, 1 of which was recurrent, presented with primary large bowel symptoms suggesting intestinal obstruction rather than pancreatic disease. Typically, patients with severe acute pancreatitis had colonic pathology obscured and unrecognized initially because of the ongoing, fulminant inflammatory process. Conclusions Recognition of large bowel involvement may be difficult because of nonspecific symptoms or be masked by the systemic features of a critical illness. Colonoscopy, contrast x-rays, or CT scan may be vital in selected cases to detect underlying pathology. Clinicians should be aware that acute or chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic carcinoma may compress, erode, or inflame the large bowel, resulting in life-threatening colonic necrosis, bleeding, obstruction, or perforation.
Comparison of YopE and YopT activities in counteracting host signalling responses to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection

Pathogenic Yersinia species share a type III secretion system that translocates Yop effector proteins into host cells to counteract signalling responses during infection. Two of these effectors, YopE and YopT, downregulate Rho GTPases by different mechanisms. Here, we investigate whether YopT and YopE are functionally redundant by dissecting the contribution of these two effectors to the pathogenesis of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a mouse infection and tissue culture model. Four days after oral infection, a YopE+ T – strain and a YopE+ T + strain colonized spleens of mice at similar levels, suggesting that YopT is not required for virulence. In contrast, spleen colonization by a YopE–T– strain was significantly reduced. A YopE– T + strain colonized spleen at levels comparable to those of the YopE+ T – strain, arguing that YopT can promote virulence in the absence of YopE. Infection of HeLa cells with a YopE– T–H–J– strain expressing either YopE or YopT showed that YopE had a stronger antiphagocytic activity than YopT. Expression of YopE strongly inhibited activation of JNK, ERK and NFκB, and prevented production of IL‐8; whereas YopT moderately inhibited these responses. On the other hand, pore formation was inhibited equally by YopE or YopT. In conclusion, YopE is a potent inhibitor of infection‐induced signalling cascades, and YopT can only partially compensate for the loss of YopE.
Using the Technology Organization Environment Framework for Adoption and Implementation of Cloud Computing in Institutions of Higher Learning in Kenya

--------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT------------------------------------------------------------Many Institutions of higher learning in developing countries are adopting and implementing cloud computing in their efforts to provide information technology support necessary for administrative, educational, and research activities. Cloud computing delivers on demand provisioning of IT resources on a pay per use basis. This study discusses the adoption and implementation of Cloud Computing using the TOE framework. To achieve the purpose of the study, a critical analysis of relevant literature was conducted. An overview of the institutions technological, environmental and organizational issues that need consideration is done and suggestions for adoption and implementation strategies made. The study concludes that the TOE Framework is appropriate for the technological adoption of cloud computing in institutions of higher learning.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake in college students: Implications from the Precaution Adoption Process Model

The purpose of this study was to examine human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake in college students and to identify factors associated with vaccination status utilizing the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). The sample included 383 undergraduates from a public university who participated in February and March 2015. Students were emailed an anonymous online survey assessing knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions related to HPV and HPV vaccination, as well as their stage in the PAPM regarding vaccination completion. Significantly more females (47.3%) than males (15.8%) were vaccinated. While most students had basic knowledge of HPV, they had low perceptions of their susceptibility to contract HPV. Most unvaccinated students were in the early stages of decision-making related to vaccination. Campus health centers have an opportunity to increase HPV vaccination rates. This study indicates that students need prompts from providers, as well as education regarding susceptibility to HPV.
Preliminary phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of leaf extracts of Terminalia Catappa

Various parts of Terminalia catappa, the Indian almond, are claimed useful in trado-medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and some other ailments. The development of resistance to the antibiotics in currentclinical use is a big concern. In view of this, the phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts of Terminalia catappa were evaluated using ethanol and hot water as solvents to determine the active components, antibacterial potency of the leaf extracts and the minimum effective concentration so as to reduce harm. Cold maceration method was adopted in extracting the active principle, having pulverized the leaves. Phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts indicated the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, tannins, steroids and terpenes. Antibacterial screening with 24 hours cultures of clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi, and type cultures of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using agar-cup diffusion method indicated that P. aeruginosa was the most sensitive while S. typhi the least; ethanolic extract was relatively more active than water extract. Minimum bactericidal concentration test showed that ethanolic extract exerted bactericidal effect at 62.5mg/ml on S.aureus, but was static on the rest test microorganisms at the said concentration. Water extract exhibited bactericidal activity at 125mg/ml on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, but was static on E. coli and inactive on S. typhi. From the activity obtained, S.aureus and P.aeruginosa were more sensitive to ethanolic extract than water extract. The concentration should be higher than applied in this study to probably achieve marked activity. The results obtained suggest that T. catappa can be used in the treatment of ailments caused by the test microorganisms, and thus lends credence to the application of the plant in traditional medicine as remedy for various infections.
NEUROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TROPICAL DISEASE HTLV-1 and HIV infections of the central nervous system in tropical areas

In tropical areas, the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is often superimposed on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) endemic. However, from a clinical point of view, the neurological consequences of HTLV-1 infection are not as prevalent as those of HIV infection. Only 0.25% of the HTLV-1 carriers develop a progressive myelopathy. By contrast, CNS complications of HIV infection are frequent and often lethal. Most (89%) of the 30.6 million HIV infected people are estimated to live in sub-Saharan Africa and developing countries of Asia, but the neurological complications have been well described in other populations. By contrast, HTLV-1 infection is mostly confined to tropical areas. This review highlights the diVerences in the neurological complications of HIV infection, and the management of these complications in tropical countries from other parts of the world, and discusses HTLV-1 infections.
FGF 23 promotes renal calcium reabsorption through the TRPV 5 channel

aKlotho is thought to activate the epithelial calcium channel Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-5 (TRPV5) in distal renal tubules through its putative glucuronidase/sialidase activity, thereby preventing renal calcium loss. However, aKlotho also functions as the obligatory co-receptor for fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), a bone-derived phosphaturic hormone. Here, we show that renal calcium reabsorption and renal membrane abundance of TRPV5 are reduced in Fgf23 knockout mice, similar to what is seen in aKlotho knockout mice. We further demonstrate that aKlotho neither co-localizes with TRPV5 nor is regulated by FGF23. Rather, apical membrane abundance of TRPV5 in renal distal tubules and thus renal calcium reabsorption are regulated by FGF23, which binds the FGF receptor-aKlotho complex and activates a signaling cascade involving ERK1/2, SGK1, and WNK4. Our data thereby identify FGF23, not aKlotho, as a calcium-conserving hormone in the kidney.
Trends of tobacco use in Sweden and Finland: Do differences in tobacco policy relate to tobacco use?

Background: Sweden and Finland, neighbouring countries in Scandinavia, share features in health and social policies but retain a few differences in tobacco policy, including oral tobacco product regulation. This paper analyses the differences between tobacco policy and tobacco use between these two countries. Material: Representative data sets from both countries, for age groups 18 to 64, were used to compare the status of tobacco use. The study covered the years 1988/89, 1996/97 and 2004/05. Results: Among men, daily use of tobacco products is more common in Sweden than in Finland. The daily smoking rate for men in Sweden is 16% compared to 28% in Finland. In Sweden, 27% of men use snuff daily and 17% of never smoking men reported daily use of snuff. In Finland, 3% of all males report daily use of snuff. Concurrent snuff use was linked to occasional smoking in Sweden, where 23% of male daily snuff users smoke occasionally. Among women smoking prevalence has decreased significantly in Sweden during the study period, but no real change in daily smoking can be detected in Finland. Conclusions: Tobacco control measures did gain good results among women in Sweden whereas in Finland development was modest. In Sweden, tobacco use has increased mainly due to an increase in snuff use, and snuff seems to appeal not only to switchers, but to young males without a history of smoking.
The synergistic action of the sulfonamides and the polymyxins against Serratia marcescens.

Among the Enterobacteriaceae only members of the genus Proteus and Serratia marcescens are regularly resistant to the action of the polymyxins. In 1959, a synergistic action of sulfonamides and polymyxins against Proteus was first noted [1]; subsequently, the majority of isolates of Proteus from clinical specimens was found to exhibit this interesting susceptibility to the combined action of the drugs [2]. In some institutions, S. marcescens is a major cause of nosocomial infections due to gram-negative organisms [3, 4]. Since the organisms are often resistant to many antibiotics, including the polymyxins, we examined the effect of sulfadiazine and polymyxin B on clinical isolates of Serratia, with a view toward evaluating this antimicrobial combination for therapy of infections with gram-negative bacilli.
Hypoxia-induced autophagy contributes to the chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Hypoxia commonly exists in solid tumors. In this adverse condition, adaptive responses including autophagy are usually provoked to promote cell survival. In our study, autophagy, a lysosomal-mediated degradation pathway, is demonstrated a protective way to make hepatocellular carcinoma cells be resistant to chemotherapy under hypoxia. Compared with normoxia, chemotherapeutic agents-induced cell death under hypoxia was significantly decreased, as a result of the reduced apoptosis. However, when autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA or siRNA targeted Beclin 1, this reduction was reversed i.e. chemoresistance was attenuated, which means autophagy mediates the chemoresistance under hypoxia. In conclusion, autophagy decreases hepatoma cells sensitization to chemotherapeutic agents by affecting their apoptotic potential.