Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pineal yolk sac tumour with a solid pattern: a case report in a Chinese adult man with Down’s syndrome

Intracranial germ cell tumours are rare. The incidence of primary intracranial yolk sac tumour is even more uncommon, with only two reported cases being associated with Down’s syndrome in the English literature. This report details the findings of yolk sac tumour in the pineal region affecting a 22 year old Chinese man with Down’s syndrome. Histology revealed yolk sac tumour with only a solid pattern, potentially mimicking the more common germinoma in the pineal region. No other germ cell components were identified. This is the third report of intracranial yolk sac tumour manifesting in a patient with trisomy 21. The pathology of this tumour and its differential diagnoses are discussed.
GeSn Quantum Well P-Channel Tunneling FETs Fabricated on Si(001) and (111) With Improved Subthreshold Swing

Ultrathin GeSn channels were epitaxially grown on Si(111) and (001) substrates using solid source molecular beam epitaxy. Well-behaved GeSn quantum well (QW) pTFETs and pMOSFETs were fabricated on Si. GeSn QW pMOSFETs on Si(111) demonstrate a high effective hole mobility of 505 cm2/Vs, indicating the high crystallinity of the GeSn material. GeSn QW pTFETs on Si(111) outperform the devices on Si(001) on subthreshold swing (SS) and ON-state current ION. (111)-oriented GeSn pTFET with a 4-nm-thick channel achieves a steep SS of ~60 mV/decade and a high ON-state/OFF-state current ratio of 107, which are superior to those of the other reported non-Si pTFETs with a small bandgap.
Patterns of equine faecal egg counts following spring dosing with either fenbendazole or moxidectin

con'itamination wvith infective cvathostome lai x e, typically b' interval or strate,ic ainthelminitic dosing stratcgics (Hcrd 1986, Ulillnger 199(0). For intcrNal dosing control prograinaes, the intecrxals betsecen anthelmclinitic doscs arc detcrmiinied by' the so-called egg reacppecai-ance peiiod ( ciw), acnd it is knoxxn that this xvaries xsvith diffei-enlt classes of arnthelmintics (Loxve 1993). This short com unLllication conmpaircs the dli.lltion of supprcssion of cquinleicaecal Nxorm egg OLutpuLt followsing administration of oral m)ox;idectin (Eqlucst; Foi-t l)odcge Animlical Hcalth ) sxith that of a fixe-dcla couL-se of oal flenbendclazole (Patnacur Eqluinc Gutard; Intervet Ltd). The stUdy was pc-frormicd in the spring and sulmmeir of 1999, uLsiIg 136 aduLlt giraziilg hoorscs aind ponics onl 11 farms ill east cenitral Scotland. Eachlfarm operated a diffecrcnt mani-
Stat3‐Atg5 signal axis inducing autophagy to alleviate hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury

In performing our experiment, impaired autophagy increased hepatocellular damage during the reperfusion period. It was demonstrated by the effect of blocking autophagy using bafilomycin A1 or knocking Atg5 gene out reduces the anti‐apoptotic effect of Stat3. Here we focus on the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in regulating autophagy to alleviate hepatic IRI. We found that Stat3 was up‐regulated during hepatic IRI and was associated with an activation of the autophagic signaling pathway. This increased Stat3 expression, which was allied with high autophagic activity, alleviated liver damage to IR, an effect which was abrogated by Stat3 epletion as demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro methods. The levels of Atg5 protein were decreased when Stat3 was inhibited by HO 3867 or siStat3. We conclude that Stat3 appeared to exert a pivotal role in hepatic IRI, by activating autophagy to alleviate hepatic IRI, and Atg5 was required for this process. The identification of this novel pathway, that links expression levels of Stat3 with Atg5‐mediated autophagy, may provide new insights for the generation of novel protective therapies directed against hepatic IRI.
A imprensa brasileira nos oitocentos e a história da educação: Hipólito da Costa e o Correio Braziliense

E um estudo sobre a relacao imprensa e educacao. A imprensa brasileira dos oitocentos e vista como uma fonte proficua para o entendimento do processo educativo ao qual se submeteu a sociedade brasileira em meio a construcao de uma dada ideia de Nacao nos albores do seculo XIX. Hipolito da Costa e o jornal Correio Braziliense sao, entao, objetos de estudo, no qual o objetivo e analisar o debate travado em nome da aplicacao das ideias liberais em oposicao ao absolutismo, cujo resultado consistiu na formacao dos brasileiros e contribuiu para leva-los ao movimento da independencia, na medida em que contribuiu com ideias necessarias ao enfrentamento politico contra a metropole portuguesa. Palavras-Chave : Imprensa-Educacao. Hipolito da Costa-Correio Braziliense. Seculo XIX.
Incremental semi-supervised kernel construction with self-organizing incremental neural network and application in intrusion detection

The semi-supervised learning (SSL) problems are often solved by graph based algorithms, semi-definite program- mings etc. These methods always require high space complexities, and thus are not efficient for network intrusion detection systems. Apart from the space complexity challenge, a network intrusion detection system should be able to handle the distribution drifting of data flow as well. A common solution for this concept drift problem is by SSL. In this paper, an incre- mental SSL training framework is proposed to combine the low space complexity advantage of topology learning and SSL for network intrusion detection. First, the unsupervised self-organizing incremental neural network is extended to process labeled and unlabeled information incrementally. Second, a kernel function is constructed from the training results of the previous step. Finally, a kernel machine is trained with the constructed kernel function. The proposed method reduces the space complexity of SSL to the magnitude similar to supervised learning. The experiments are carried out on the NSL-KDD datasets, and the results show that the proposed method outperforms the mainstream methods such as Transductive Support Vector Machine and Label Propagation.
Optimization of the freezing process for hematopoietic progenitor cells: effect of precooling, initial dimethyl sulfoxide concentration, freezing program, and storage in vapor‐phase or liquid nitrogen on in vitro white blood cell quality

Adding dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) causes an exothermic reaction, potentially affecting their viability. The freezing method might also influence this. The aim was to investigate the effect of 1) precooling of DMSO and plasma (D/P) and white blood cell (WBC)‐enriched product, 2) DMSO concentration of D/P, 3) freezing program, and 4) storage method on WBC quality.
Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Strains Belonging to Lineages I and III Possess Distinct Molecular Features

ABSTRACT A collection of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b strains belonging to lineages I and III were examined by PCR and Southern blot analysis using species-, virulence-, and serotype-specific primers and probes. Whereas four serotype 4b lineage I strains reacted in PCR with the serotype 4b-, 4d-, and 4e-specific ORF2110 and virulence-specific lmo1134 and lmo2821 primers, all nine serotype 4b lineage III strains were negative by ORF2110 and lmo1134 primers. In addition, the nine serotype 4b lineage III strains formed two separate groups through their reactions in PCR with virulence-specific lmo2821 primers. Southern blot analysis using species-specific lmo0733 and virulence-specific lmo2821 gene probes largely confirmed the PCR results. These findings indicate that L. monocytogenes serotype 4b strains belonging to lineages I and III possess distinct molecular features.
The effect of redshift-space distortions on projected two-point clustering measurements

Although redshift-space distortions only affect inferred distances and not angles, they still distort the projected angular clustering of galaxy samples selected using redshift dependent quantities. From an Eulerian viewpoint, this effect is caused by the apparent movement of galaxies into or out of the sample. From a Lagrangian viewpoint, we find that projecting the redshift-space overdensity field over a finite radial distance does not remove all the anisotropic distortions. We investigate this effect, showing that it strongly boosts the amplitude of clustering for narrow samples and can also reduce the significance of baryonic features in the correlation function. We argue that the effect can be mitigated by binning in apparent galaxy pair-centre rather than galaxy position, and applying an upper limit to the radial galaxy separation. We demonstrate this approach, contrasting against standard top-hat binning in galaxy distance, using subsamples taken from the Hubble Volume Simulations. Using a simple model for the radial distribution expected for galaxies from a survey such as the Dark Energy Survey, we show that this binning scheme will simplify analyses that will measure baryon acoustic oscillations within such galaxy samples. Comparing results from different binning schemes has the potential to provide measurements of the amplitude of the redshift-space distortions. Our analysis is relevant for other photometric redshift surveys, including those made by the Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope.
Discrete Wigner function and quantum-state tomography.

The theory of discrete Wigner functions and of discrete quantum-state tomography [U. Leonhardt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4101 (1995)] is studied in more detail guided by the picture of precession tomography. Odd- and even-dimensional systems (angular momenta and spins, bosons, and fermions) are considered separately. Relations between simple number theory and the quantum mechanics of finite-dimensional systems are pointed out. In particular, the multicomplementarity of the precession states distinguishes prime dimensions from composite ones. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Long-term predictive value of the Framingham Risk Score for Stroke in HIV-positive vs HIV-negative men

Objective: To test the predictive accuracy of the Framingham Risk Score for Stroke (FRS-S) in HIV-infected (HIV+) vs HIV-uninfected (HIV−) men. Methods: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) is an ongoing prospective study of HIV+ and HIV− men who have sex with men (MSM) enrolled in 4 US cities. We ascertained all reported stroke events during a recent 15-year timeframe (July 1, 1996 to June 30, 2011) among 3,945 participants (1,776 HIV+ and 2,169 HIV−). For those with strokes, FRS-S were calculated 10 years before the stroke event and assessed according to HIV status. Results: A total of 114 stroke events occurred, including 57 HIV+ and 37 HIV− participants with first-ever strokes and 19 fatal strokes. The incidence of first-ever stroke was 1.7/1,000 person-years among HIV− and 3.3/1,000 person-years among HIV+ participants. Among those with strokes, HIV+ participants were younger than HIV− participants (median age 51.3 vs 61.8 years, p < 0.0001). For these men with stroke, the average 10-year risk of stroke was higher for HIV− MSM (6.6% [range 3%–26%] vs 4.9% for HIV+ MSM [range 0%–15%], p < 0.04). Traditional risk factors for stroke were similar among the Framingham cohort and the MACS HIV+ and HIV− participants. Conclusions: FRS-S prediction was systematically different in HIV+ vs HIV− men with stroke events. The FRS-S underestimates the long-term risk of stroke in HIV+ men.
Neural Correlates of Levels of Emotional Awareness: Evidence of an Interaction between Emotion and Attention in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Recent functional imaging studies have begun to identify the neural correlates of emotion in healthy volunteers. However, studies to date have not differentially addressed the brain areas associated with the perception, experience, or expression of emotion during emotional arousal. To explore the neural correlates of emotional experience, we used positron emission tomography (PET) and 15O-water to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 12 healthy women during film- and recall-induced emotion and correlated CBF changes attributable to emotion with subjects' scores on the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS), a measure of individual differences in the capacity to experience emotion in a differentiated and complex way. A conjunction analysis revealed that the correla-tions between LEAS and CBF during film- and recall-induced emotion overlapped significantly (z = 3.74, p < 0.001) in Brod-mann's area 24 of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). This finding suggests that individual differences in the ability to accurately detect emotional signals interoceptively or exteroceptively may at least in part be a function of the degree to which the ACC participates in the experiential processing and response to emotion cues. To the extent that this finding is consistent with the functions of the ACC involving attention and response selection, it suggests that this neural correlate of conscious emotional experience is not exclusive to emotion.
Oxidative Stress Markers in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a very important multisystem disorder to be specific to pregnancy, it is a disease mainly characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, but with unknown etiology that exposes the mother and the newborn to serious risks. One of the main factors involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia is oxidative stress and the rate of oxidative stress is measured by the ratio between the reactive oxygen species produced in the body called free radicals, and antioxidants produced by the body or absorbed through the diet. The excess of these free radicals have harmful effects, such as peroxidation of membrane lipids and aggression to tissue and membranes proteins as well as to membranes, enzymes, carbohydrates and DNA. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are a major cause of morbidity and maternal and fetal mortality. Preeclampsia is classified as a type of hypertensive complication that affects many pregnant women worldwide. The pregnancy and preeclampsia are conditions that increase susceptibility to oxidative stress, which in turn contributes to numerous complications, further aggravating the condition.
The Binding of the Circumsporozoite Protein to Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Is Required for PlasmodiumSporozoite Attachment to Target Cells*

The major surface protein of malaria sporozoites, the circumsporozoite protein, binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of hepatocytes. It has been proposed that this binding event is responsible for the rapid and specific localization of sporozoites to the liver after their injection into the skin by an infected anopheline mosquito. Previous in vitro studies performed under static conditions have failed to demonstrate a significant role for heparan sulfate proteoglycans during sporozoite invasion of cells. We performed sporozoite attachment and invasion assays under more dynamic conditions and found a dramatic decrease in sporozoite attachment to cells in the presence of heparin. In contrast to its effect on attachment, heparin does not appear to have an effect on sporozoite invasion of cells. When substituted heparins were used as competitive inhibitors of sporozoite attachment, we found that sulfation of the glycosaminoglycan chains at both the N- and O-positions was important for sporozoite adhesion to cells. We conclude that the binding of the circumsporozoite protein to hepatic heparan sulfate proteoglycans is likely to function during sporozoite attachment in the liver and that this adhesion event depends on the sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains of the proteoglycans.
Assessment of Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality via Normal Personality Measures: Convergent Validity, Criterion Validity, and Developmental Change

This report provides evidence for the reliability, validity, and developmental course of the psychopathic personality traits (factors) of Fearless Dominance (FD) and Impulsive Antisociality (IA) as assessed by items from the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; Patrick, Curtin, & Tellegen, 2002). In Study 1, MPQ-based measures of FD and IA were strongly correlated with their corresponding composite scores from the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised (Lilienfeld & Widows, 2005). In Study 2, FD and IA had relatively distinct associations with measures of normal and maladaptive personality traits. In Study 3, FD and IA had substantial retest coefficients during the transition to adulthood, and both traits showed average declines with an especially substantial drop in IA. In Study 4, FD and IA were correlated with measures of internalizing and externalizing problems in ways consistent with previous research and theory. Collectively, these results provide important information about the assessment of FD and IA.
Prediction of Topsoil Organic Carbon Using Airborne and Satellite Hyperspectral Imagery

The Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner (AHS) and the Hyperion satellite hyperspectral sensors were evaluated for their ability to predict topsoil organic carbon (C) in burned mountain areas of northwestern Spain slightly covered by heather vegetation. Predictive models that estimated total organic C (TOC) and oxidizable organic C (OC) content were calibrated using two datasets: a ground observation dataset with 39 topsoil samples collected in the field (for models built using AHS data), and a dataset with 200 TOC/OC observations predicted by AHS (for models built using Hyperion data). For both datasets, the prediction was performed by stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) using reflectances and spectral indices (SI) obtained from the images, and by the widely-used partial least squares regression (PLSR) method. SMLR provided a performance comparable to or even better than PLSR, while using a lower number of channels. SMLR models for the AHS were based on a maximum of eight indices, and showed a coefficient of determination in the leave-one-out cross-validation R2 = 0.60–0.62, while models for the Hyperion sensor showed R2 = 0.49–0.61, using a maximum of 20 indices. Although slightly worse models were obtained for the Hyperion sensor, which was attributed to its lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the prediction of TOC/OC was consistent across both sensors. The relevant wavelengths for TOC/OC predictions were the red region of the spectrum (600–700 nm), and the short wave infrared region between ~2000–2250 nm. The use of SMLR and spectral indices based on reference channels at ~1000 nm was suitable to quantify topsoil C, and provided an alternative to the more complex PLSR method.
A randomized trial of short psychotherapy versus sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation.

AIMS To compare the efficacy and safety of a novel psychological intervention for smoking cessation called psychodynamic model (PDM) training to an active control condition of sustained-release bupropion. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial with allocation concealment. SETTING Private psychiatric practice. PARTICIPANTS Seven hundred and seventy-nine adult smokers recruited by advertising. INTERVENTIONS PDM training (n = 366 participants) consisted of a very brief (1.5 days) psychoeducation and a supervised training in autosuggestion techniques (guided imageries) aimed at enhancing self-management, decidedness, assertiveness, security and competence in relationships, natural functions of organs and awareness of bodily functions. Bupropion SR (n = 413) was increased to 150 mg twice daily over 1 week and given over a 8-week period. MEASUREMENTS Twelve-month continuous abstinence confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) of 9 parts per million (p.p.m.) or less at all interviews conducted at 3, 6 and 12 months. FINDINGS Intention-to-treat analysis revealed Russell standard 12-month continuous abstinence rates of 39.1% in the psychotherapy group versus 12.3% in the bupropion SR group (P < 0.001) with a relative benefit (RB) of 3.16 (2.38-4.26). Completer analysis revealed 12-month continuous abstinence rates of 39.9% in the psychotherapy group versus 22.5% in the bupropion group [P < 0.001; RB 1.78 (1.35-2.34)]. Of note, bupropion abstinence rates were comparable to previous medications/placebo-only comparisons in geographically different samples. CONCLUSIONS The 1.5-day psychotherapy exceeded bupropion's efficacy, presenting an alternative to pharmacological smoking cessation aids, especially for smokers who reject drugs to treat their substance dependence, at a similar cost (Euro 350) as the bupropion treatment (Euro 355).
Public Service Employment Relations in Europe: Transformation, Modernization or Inertia?

Introduction. Britain David Winchester and Stephen Bach. Italy Carlo Dell'Aringa, Lorenzo Bordogna and Guiseppe Della Roche. Denmark Soren Anderson and Jesper Due. Germany Berndt Keller. France Phillip Mosse and Robert Tchobanian. Spain Pere Jodar. Conclusion.
Alternative end joining during switch recombination in patients with Ataxia‐Telangiectasia

Ataxia‐Telangiectasia (A‐T) and Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) are recessive genetic diseases with similar cellular phenotypes that are caused by mutations in the recently described ATM (encoding ATM) and NBS1 (encoding p95) genes, respectively. Both disorders are accompanied by immunodeficiency in a majority of patients, but the mechanism involved has as yet not beenestablished. We demonstrate that in cells from A‐T patients, the switch (S) recombination junctions are aberrant and characterized by a strong dependence on short sequence homologies and devoid of normally occurring mutations around the breakpoint. A low number of S fragments were generated in cells from NBS patients and showed only limited dependence on sequence identity and mutation frequencies were similar to those observed in normal controls. We propose that ATM and p95 are both involved in the final step(s) in class switch recombination with related, but disparate, functional roles. Thus, the general pathway involved in DNA repair also has a major influence on the immunoglobulin isotype switching process.
Les classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles : entre proximité et prestige

Le debat sur l’ouverture sociale se cristallise sur l’acces aux classes preparatoires aux grandes ecoles (CPGE), dont les effectifs ne representent pourtant que 10% des etudiants de l’enseignement superieur. L’article traite de l’orientation des preparationnaires, en amont ou au cours des annees prepas. En complement d’une approche quantitative, l’analyse qualitative du parcours et des ambitions d’eleves repartis dans quatre etablissements contrastes temoigne de leur heterogeneite, selon qu’ils poursuivent leurs etudes post-baccalaureat dans un etablissement de proximite ou de prestige. D’importantes differences apparaissent lorsque sont consideres l’orientation vers une CPGE, le choix des concours prepares et l’avenir.
Pattern Formation by Oblivious Asynchronous Mobile Robots

We investigate pattern formation, i.e., self-organization, by a swarm of mobile robots, which is closely related with the agreement problem in distributed computing. Consider a system of anonymous mobile robots in a 2-dimensional Euclidean space in which each robot repeatedly executes a “Look-Compute-Move” cycle, to observe the positions of all the robots, to compute a route to the next position using an algorithm, and then to trace the route, where the algorithm is common to all robots. The robots are said to be fully synchronous if their Look-Compute-Move cycles are completely synchronized, and the $i$th Look, Compute, and Move of all robots start and end simultaneously. They are said to be asynchronous if no assumptions are made on their synchrony. The robots are said to be oblivious if they have no memory to memorize the execution history and hence behave based only on the robots' positions observed during the immediately preceding Look. We show that the set of geometric patterns formable by oblivious.