Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Older Adult Students' Behavioural Intention and Learning Satisfaction of Blended e-Learning Course at the Active Aging University

Recently, the blended e-learning is implemented in many fields more and more popularly. In this paper, the program of ceramics teaching at the Active Aging University is also applied blended e-learning without exception in order to raise older adult students’ behavioural intention and learning satisfaction. Because of the unfamiliar with IT technology application for these older adult students the different results from most of younger students in this investigation are expected. In this study, the questionnaire is designed for 44 older adult students whose ages are all over 55 years old. The teaching experiment of blended e-learning for ceramics teaching course is performed at the Active Aging University in the southern of Taiwan. And the Structural Equation Model (SEM) quantitative analysis is carried out that the conclusions are got with the perceived usefulness of learning contents has positive relationship with learning satisfaction. Also, the perceived ease of use for interfaces has positive relationship with the perceived usefulness of learning contents and learning satisfaction. Therefore, these conclusions could be applied to develop and design for all the blended e-learning programs at the Active Aging University with the best teaching and learning strategy in the future.
Management of subarachnoid hemorrhage with intracerebral hematoma: clipping and clot evacuation versus coil embolization followed by clot evacuation

Background Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with associated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is often treated with concomitant surgical clipping and ICH evacuation. The aim of this study was to determine if aneurysm coiling followed by ICH evacuation is a viable alternative treatment. Methods A retrospective review was conducted between July 2000 and March 2009 of patients with aneurysmal SAH plus ICH (>30 ml or with midline shift >5 mm) who underwent aneurysm repair (either coiling or clipping) and craniotomy for ICH evacuation. Demographic and radiographic criteria, time to aneurysm protection, length of stay (LOS), treatment complications, discharge disposition and 3 month functional outcome were compared between groups. Results Of 18 SAH+ICH patients, 10 underwent aneurysm coiling followed by ICH evacuation and eight underwent clipping with ICH evacuation. Compared with clipped patients, coiled patients had a lower Glasgow Coma Scale score (median 5.5 vs 7.5), higher ICH score (median 3 vs 2), worse modified Fisher score (median 4 vs 3) and higher rate of herniation at presentation (50% vs 25%). Median time to aneurysm protection was shorter in coiled patients (299 vs 885 min, p<0.001). Comparing coiled with clipped patients, rates of death (30% vs 25%), poor outcome (70% vs 50%), median ICU LOS (20 vs 22 days), median hospital LOS (27 vs 29 days) and total median direct costs ($64 537 vs $61 243) were similar, as were complication rates (all p>0.05). Conclusions Coiling followed by ICH evacuation is associated with faster time to aneurysm protection and similar outcome, LOS and cost as clipping and evacuation. This may be a viable alternative to clipping and ICH evacuation.
Effects of opiate antagonists and their quaternary derivatives on heroin self-administration in the rat.

Quaternary derivatives of naloxone and naltrexone, methyl naloxonium chloride(ORG 10908) and naltrexone methobromide ( MRZ 2663BR ), respectively, were compared with the parent compounds for their ability to antagonize the reinforcing properties of heroin as measured in an operant, i.v. , self-administration paradigm. As expected, lower doses (up to 0.2 mg/kg) of naloxone and naltrexone produced dose-dependent increases in heroin self-administration, but at higher doses (10-30 mg/kg) these drugs produced transient decreases (20-100 min) in self-administration followed by recovery. Naltrexone was approximately 1.5 times more potent than naloxone in increasing heroin self-administration at the lower doses (up to 0.2 mg/kg) and had a slightly longer duration of action. The quaternary derivatives were ineffective as antagonists of heroin self-administration in doses 200 times greater than the effective antagonist dose of naloxone or naltrexone. These results support the hypothesis that the acute reinforcing properties of i.v. opiates associated with the sensation of the "rush" involve opiate receptors located within the central nervous system and do not involve peripheral opiate receptors.
A 12-week single-blind trial of quetiapine for the treatment of mood symptoms in adolescents at high risk for developing bipolar I disorder.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness and tolerability of quetiapine for the treatment of adolescents at high risk for developing bipolar I disorder. METHOD Twenty adolescents (aged 12-18 years) with mood symptoms that did not meet DSM-IV-TR criteria for bipolar I disorder and who had at least one first-degree relative with bipolar I disorder were recruited from August 2003 to June 2005 to participate in a single-blind, 12-week prospective study of quetiapine. Subjects were diagnosed using the Washington University in St. Louis Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and were symptomatic, defined by a Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score > or = 12 or a Childhood Depression Rating Scale-Revised Version (CDRS-R) score > or = 28 at baseline. The primary effectiveness measure was an endpoint Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale (CGI-I) score < or = 2 ("much" or "very much" improved). Secondary efficacy measures included change from baseline to endpoint in YMRS and CDRS-R scores. RESULTS Mood disorder diagnoses in the adolescents consisted of bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (N = 11), dysthymia (N = 3), bipolar II disorder (N = 3), cyclothymia (N = 2), and major depressive disorder (N = 1). The majority of patients (N = 12, 60%) were non-responders to previous trials of psychotropic agents. Fifteen subjects (75%) completed all study visits. Eighty-seven percent of patients were responders (CGI-I < or = 2) to quetiapine at week 12 (mean +/- SD endpoint dose = 460 +/- 88 mg/day). YMRS scores decreased from 18.1 +/- 5.5 at baseline to 8.7 +/- 7.9 at endpoint (p < .0001), and CDRS-R scores decreased from 38.2 +/- 9.8 to 27.7 +/- 9.3, (p = .0003). The most frequently reported adverse events were somnolence, headache, musculoskeletal pain, and dyspepsia. No subjects discontinued study participation due to adverse events. CONCLUSION Although these findings are limited by the small sample size and open-label treatment, the results suggest that quetiapine may be an effective treatment for mood symptoms in adolescents with a familial risk for developing bipolar I disorder.
Credibility Versus Control

There is a natural tension between theories of party government and theories of regulatory politics. Whereas effective party government requires that politicians have firm control over public policy, the need for credible commitment in regulation stipulates that policy-making capacities are delegated to independent agencies. While the theoretical dimension of this tension is well established, there is little research that examines its empirical implications. To narrow this gap, the analysis assesses whether legal agency independence limits the influence of parties on agency executives. To that end, it investigates the careers of 300 CEOs in 100 West European regulatory agencies. The analysis shows that high levels of agency independence protect appointees with opposition ties from early removal. This presents some of the first evidence to suggest that the institutional response to credibility pressures limits the political use of the appointment channel and, thus, has the potential to constrain party control in regulatory politics.
CELAL BAYAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ SINIF ÖĞRETMENLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜNDE ÖĞRENİM GÖREN SON SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İLKÖĞRETİMDE DRAMA DERSİNE İLİŞKİN TUTUMLARI

Bu arastirmada, Celal Bayar Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Sinif Ogretmenligi programinda ogrenim goren ogrencilerin almis olduklari Ilkogretimde Drama dersine iliskin tutumlari calisilmistir. Ayrica, ogrencilerin derse iliskin genel tutum duzeylerine de bakilmistir. Arastirmada,veri toplama araci olarak arastirmaci tarafindan gelistirilen ‘Ilkogretimde Drama Dersi Tutum Olcegi’ kullanilmistir. Verilerin analizinde her bir tutum maddesi icin ortalama ve standart sapma degerleri bulunup yorumlanmistir. Bazi bagimsiz degiskenler acisindan,her bir tutum maddesinin ortalamasi icin anlamli farkliligin olup olmadigini belirlemek icin t-testi hesaplanmistir. Analizlerin sonucunda, ogrencilerin ilkogretimde drama dersine iliskin tutum duzeylerinin ogretim sekli, cinsiyet ve okul basari durumlarina gore farkliliklar gosterdigi, genel olarak bakildiginda tum ogrencilerin olumlu tutumlara sahip olduklari gorulmustur.
Effects of in vitro ethanol and fetal ethanol exposure on glutathione stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function.

The present studies investigated the effects of glutathione (GSH; gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycine) and its oxidized form (GSSG) on neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation in both acute and chronic preparations of ethanol exposure. It was demonstrated using fura-2-loaded dissociated brain cells from newborn rat pups that both GSH and GSSG (0-4 mM) produced concentration-dependent increases in intracellular calcium similar to those produced by NMDA and other agonists of the NMDA receptor. GSH-stimulated calcium entry was not inhibited by low intoxicating concentrations of ethanol, which contrasts with ethanol's typical inhibitory effect on NMDA-stimulated receptor activation. Behavioral studies in adult rats demonstrated that ethanol-induced sleep times were significantly decreased when 10 microliters of GSSG (20 mM) were administered intracerebroventricularly approximately 5 min before an intraperitoneal injection of 20% (w/v) ethanol (3 g/kg). These findings suggest that the less potent effect of ethanol on GSH-stimulated calcium entry as well as the reduction in ethanol-induced sleep times may be related to the presence of glycine in the peptide. The glycine found in GSH may activate the glycine site and block or reduce ethanol's action on this site. It appears that although GSH may play an important role in the activation of the NMDA receptor, this action does not involve a process that is sensitive to acute ethanol exposure. In contrast, when rat pups were chronically exposed to ethanol via prenatal exposure before the fura-2 preparation, increases in NMDA- and GSH-stimulated calcium entry were significantly decreased relative to those in pair-fed and ad libitum-fed controls. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evolution of the spermatozoon in muroid rodents

In the rodent superfamily Muroidea, a model for the evolution of sperm form has been proposed in which it is suggested that a hook‐shaped sperm head and long tail evolved from a more simple, nonhooked head and short tail in several different subfamilies. To test this model the shape of the sperm head, with particular emphasis on its apical region, and length of sperm tail were matched to a recent phylogeny based on the nucleotide sequence of several protein‐coding nuclear genes from 3 families and 10 subfamilies of muroid rodents. Data from the two other myomorph superfamilies, the Dipodoidea and kangaroo rats in the Geomyoidea, were used for an outgroup comparison. In most species in all 10 muroid subfamilies, apart from in the Murinae, the sperm head has a long rostral hook largely composed of acrosomal material, although its length and cross‐sectional shape vary across the various subfamilies. Nevertheless, in a few species of various lineages a very different sperm morphology occurs in which an apical hook is lacking. In the outgroups the three species of dipodid rodents have a sperm head that lacks a hook, whereas in the heteromyids an acrosome‐containing apical hook is present. It is concluded that, as the hook‐shaped sperm head and long sperm tail occur across the muroid subfamilies, as well as in the heteromyid rodents, it is likely to be the ancestral condition within each of the subfamilies with the various forms of nonhooked sperm heads, that are sometimes associated with short tails, being highly derived states. These findings thus argue against a repeated evolution in various muroid lineages of a complex, hook‐shaped sperm head and long sperm tail from a more simple, nonhooked sperm head and short tail. An alternative proposal for the evolution of sperm form within the Muroidea is presented in the light of these data. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐ Liss, Inc.
Abnormalities of the Exercise Pressor Reflex in Heart Failure

Abnormal cardiovascular responses to exercise in heart failure contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality in the patient population. These abnormal responses may be the result of peripheral impairment in the skeletal muscle and the neurons that innervate the muscle. We present the current literature on the role of muscle afferents in regulating the cardiovascular responses to exercise in cardiomyopathy.
Evaluation of the GenoType MTBDRplus Assay for Rifampin and Isoniazid Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains and Clinical Specimens

ABSTRACT The new GenoType MTBDRplus assay (Hain Lifescience GmbH, Nehren, Germany) was tested with 125 clinical isolates and directly with 72 smear-positive sputum specimens for its ability to detect rifampin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains. In total, 106 RMPr/INHr, 10 RMPs/INHr, and 80 RMPs/INHs MTBC strains were comparatively analyzed with the new and the old MTBDR assays. Besides the detection of mutations within the 81-bp hot spot region of rpoB and katG codon 315, the GenoType MTBDRplus assay is designed to detect mutations in the regulatory region of inhA. The applicability of the new assay directly to specimens was shown, since 71 of 72 results for smear-positive sputa and all 125 results for clinical isolates were interpretable and no discrepancies compared with the results of real-time PCR or DNA sequencing were obtained. In comparison to conventional drug susceptibility testing, both assays were able to identify RMP resistance correctly in 74 of 75 strains (98.7%) and 30 of 31 specimens (96.8%). The misidentification of RMP resistance was obtained for two strains containing rpoB P533L mutations. Compared to the old MTBDR assay, the new GenoType MTBDRplus assay enhanced the rate of detection of INH resistance from 66 (88.0%) to 69 (92.0%) among the 75 INH-resistant strains and 36 (87.8%) to 37 (90.2%) among the 41 specimens containing INH-resistant strains. Thus, the new GenoType MTBDRplus assay represents a reliable and upgraded tool for the detection of INH and RMP resistance in strains or directly from smear-positive specimens.
Biological disposition of Boldine: in vitro and in vivo studies

Boldine is a natural compound with well‐established free radical scavenger and hepatoprotective properties. The further exploration of its actual therapeutic potential as an antioxidant is, however, partially limited by the absence of knowledge on its pharmacokinetics. In the present studies, we provide information on the in vitro and in vivo biological disposition of boldine. The addition of 200 µM boldine to an isolated rat hepatocyte suspension was followed by a time‐dependent (0–60 min) disappearance of boldine from the extracellular medium. This decline was associated with an early (first 2 min) and swift accumulation (1600 µM) of boldine within the cells. Although the intracellular concentration of boldine diminished, boldine was always found to occur within the cells at concentrations substantially higher than those initially added to the preparation. Boldine was also concentration‐dependently removed from the extracellular medium by isolated rat livers portally perfused with the antioxidant. In vivo studies, conducted in rats, revealed that following either its oral or its intravenous administration, plasma boldine concentrations declined rapidly and according to an apparently first order type of kinetics. After its oral administration (50 or 75 mg/kg), boldine was rapidly (within 30 min) absorbed and preferentially concentrated in the liver, with substantially lower concentrations being found in the brain and heart. Maximal hepatic concentrations of boldine were found to be equal to or greater than those needed to afford antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in vitro.
THE IMPACT OF EVOLVING INFRARED SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF GALAXIES ON STAR FORMATION RATE ESTIMATES

We combine Herschel-Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) data from the PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) program with Spitzer 24 μm and 16 μm photometry and ultra deep Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) mid-infrared spectra to measure the mid- to far-infrared spectral energy distribution (SED) of 0.7 < z < 2.5 normal star-forming galaxies (SFGs) around the main sequence (the redshift-dependent relation of star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass). Our very deep data confirm from individual far-infrared detections that z ∼ 2 SFRs are overestimated if based on 24 μm fluxes and SED templates that are calibrated via local trends with luminosity. Galaxies with similar ratios of rest-frame νLν(8) to 8–1000 μm infrared luminosity (LIR) tend to lie along lines of constant offset from the main sequence. We explore the relation between SED shape and offset in specific star formation rate (SSFR) from the redshift-dependent main sequence. Main-sequence galaxies tend to have a similar νLν(8)/LIR regardless of LIR and redshift, up to z ∼ 2.5, and νLν(8)/LIR decreases with increasing offset above the main sequence in a consistent way at the studied redshifts. We provide a redshift-independent calibration of SED templates in the range of 8–60 μm as a function of Δlog(SSFR) offset from the main sequence. Redshift dependency enters only through the evolution of the main sequence with time. Ultra deep IRS spectra match these SED trends well and verify that they are mostly due to a change in ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) to LIR rather than continua of hidden active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Alternatively, we discuss the dependence of νLν(8)/LIR on LIR. The same νLν(8)/LIR is reached at increasingly higher LIR at higher redshift, with shifts relative to local by 0.5 and 0.8 dex in log(LIR) at redshifts z ∼ 1 and z ∼ 2. Corresponding SED template calibrations are provided for use if no stellar masses are on hand. For most of those z ∼ 2 SFGs that also host an AGN, the mid-infrared is dominated by the star-forming component.
Factors related to suicidal ideation in stroke patients in South Korea

Abstract Background: Suicide rates in Korea have increased dramatically. Stroke is considered one of the most debilitating neurological disorders, resulting in physical impairment, disability, and death. Aim: The present study attempted to examine factors related to suicidal ideation in community-dwelling stroke patients. Methods: The Korea Welfare Panel Study was used to investigate the relationship between demographic and psychological variables and suicidal ideation among these individuals. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale 11 (CES-D-11). Self-esteem was assessed using Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. Results: The prevalence of suicidal thought among stroke patients was estimated at 13.99%. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that both older age and depression were significant independent risk factors for suicidal ideation. Conclusion: High-priority health care plans can prevent suicide in stroke patients suffering from depression. Assessing risk for suicide and monitoring the high-risk group is integral to health care. Stroke patients with depression, particularly older patients, would be prime targets for suicide intervention programs.
Hypermethylation‐mediated reduction of LMX1A expression in gastric cancer

LMX1A is epigenetically inactivated in cervical cancer. However, the expression and methylation status of LMX1A in gastric cancer tissues remains unknown. In the present study, we found that the expression of LMX1A was significantly decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. A statistically significant inverse association was found between the LMX1A methylation status and expression of LMX1A in tumor tissues (P = 0.008). Restoration of LMX1A induced cell apoptosis and suppressed anchorage‐independent growth, suggesting LMX1A may be a potential biomarker for gastric cancer. (Cancer Sci 2011; 102: 361–366)
Large‐scale randomized prostate cancer screening trials: Program performances in the European randomized screening for prostate cancer trial and the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovary cancer trial

Two large‐scale randomized screening trials, the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovary (PLCO) cancer trial in the USA and the European Randomized Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) trial in Europe are currently under way, aimed at assessing whether screening reduces prostate cancer mortality. Up to the end of 1998, 102,691 men have been randomized to the intervention arm and 115,322 to the control arm (which represents 83% of the target sample size) from 7 European countries and 10 screening centers in the USA. The principal screening method at all centers is determination of serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA). The PLCO trial and some European centers use also digital rectal examination (DRE) as an ancillary screening test. In the core age group (55–69 years), 3,362 of 32,486 men screened (10%) had a serum PSA concentration of 4 ng/ml or greater, which is 1 cut‐off for biopsy (performed in 84%). An additional 6% was referred for further assessment based on other criteria, with much less efficiency. Differences in PSA by country are largely attributable to the age structure of the study population. The mean age‐specific PSA levels are lower in the PLCO trial (1.64 ng/ml [in the age group 55–59 years], 1.80 [60–64 years] and 2.18 [65–69 years) than in the ERSPC trial (1.28–1.71 [55–59], 1.75–2.87 [60–64] and 2.48–3.06 [65–69 years]). Detection rates at the first screen in the ERSPC trial range from 11 to 42/1,000 men screened and reflect underlying differences in incidence rates and screening procedures. In centers with consent to randomization design, adherence in the screening arm is 91%, but less than half of the men in the target population are enrolled in the trial. In population‐based centers in which men were randomized prior to consent, all eligible subjects are enrolled, but only about two‐thirds of the men in the intervention arm undergo screening. Considerable progress has been made in both trials. Enrollment will be completed in 2001. A substantial number of early prostate cancers have been detected. The differences between countries seem to reflect both underlying prostate cancer incidence and screening policy. The trials have the power to show definitive results in 2005–2008. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.