Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Efficacy of Certain Copolyesters Containing Chalcone Moiety in the Main Chain

Aim: To synthesise random copolyesters containing chalcone moiety in the main chain, their characterization and biological activity. Material and Methods: A series of eight random copolyesters were synthesized by the polycondensation of a chalcone diol with two aromatic diacid chlorides and four aliphatic diacid chlorides. The two aromatic diacid chlorides used were terephthaloyl chloride and isophthaloyl chloride. The aliphatic diacid chlorides used were adipoyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, glutaryl chloride, and succinyl chloride. The chalcone diol was synthesized by acid catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Results and Discussions: These copolyesters were characterized by qualitative solubility tests and viscosity measurements. The microstructure of the repeating units available in the copolyester main chain was established by Fourier transform infrared, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques. DSC was apply to study thermal analysis. The well diffusion method was employed to establish the biological efficacy of these eight copolyesters by involving Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: The presented work reports random copolyester preparation by polycondensation method and viscosity measurements tells about that the prepared compounds are of high molecular weight. others like FTIR, NMR, Solubility measurements and DSC characterize them. Biological properties was also studied.
Tumour marker antigen CA 125 in pancreatic cancer : A comparison with CA 19-9 and CEA

CA125 is a tumour marker test based on a monoclonal antibody against an antigen from an ovarian carcinoma cell line. Serum concentrations of CA125 were determined in 95 patients with pancreatic cancer and in 106 patients with benign pancreatic, biliary and hepatocellular diseases. The CA125 concentrations were compared with the CA19-9 and CEA levels. Almost half (45%) of the patients with pancreatic cancer had an elevated CA125 level (>35Uml-1). Elevated values were also found in benign diseases (24%), especially in patients with pancreatitis and benign hepatocellular diseases, but more seldom in extrahepatic cholestasis. It seems that CA125 is of limited value in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Combination of the CA125 with the CA19-9 test increases the sensitivity only 6% as compared to the CA19-9 assay alone. There may, however, be a use for CA125 in differentiating between obstructive jaundice of benign and malignant origin.
Paleomagnetism of a Late Cretaceous island arc complex from South Sakhalin, East Asia: Convergent boundaries far away from the Asian continental margin?

The Hokkaido-Sakhalin fold system stretches for ∼1500 km along the eastern coast of Asia and consists of several N-S trending tectonic belts. Studies in South Sakhalin show that the northern part of the Tonino-Aniva Peninsula (Ozersk unit) is a counterpart of the Tokoro belt on Hokkaido, Japan. In the eastern part of the Ozersk unit, 195 hand samples were sampled at 20 sites from Campanian-Maastrichtian tuffaceous siltstones and sandstones of the Chayka Formation of island arc affinity. Stepwise thermal demagnetization isolates a postfolding low- to intermediate-temperature component (B) of normal polarity. A high-temperature component (A) is isolated from about half the samples. Because of strong overlap of unblocking temperature spectra of these two components in other samples, direct observations and remagnetization circles were combined for calculation of site-mean directions. Component A is mostly of reversed polarity; a few samples of normal polarity are found at three sites. The presence of two polarities with approximately antipodal directions and the positive fold test imply a prefolding, and most probably primary, origin of component A. A formation-mean inclination of 45.0°±6.4° calculated with the aid of inclination-only statistics corresponds to a latitude of 26.6°±5.2°N. A similar inclination is derived from a late Cretaceous island arc complex from the Tokoro belt on Hokkaido. Since both mean inclinations are ∼30° lower than the coeval Eurasian reference value, a large-scale northward transport of the entire Tokoro island arc is inferred. We exclude the possibility of displacement with the Kula plate and coast-parallel transport; instead, intra-oceanic motion with the Pacific plate and docking at the Eurasian margin at circa 30 Ma are inferred. Combined paleomagnetic data from the Tokoro belt, the Nemuro belt and Kamchatka region imply that a system of intra-oceanic island arcs existed in the northwest Pacific in Late Cretaceous time.
Modelling rainfall runoff relations using HEC-HMS in a semi-arid region: Case study in Ain Sefra watershed, Ksour Mountains (SW Algeria)

Abstract Ain Sefra is one of the Algerian cities that had been experienced several devastating floods during the past 100 years. The purpose of this study is to simulate runoff in the semi-arid region of Ain Sefra watershed through the employing of the Hydrologic Engineering Center – Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS). In this paper, the frequency storm is used for the meteorological model, the Soil Conservation Service – curve number (SCS-CN) is selected to calculate the loss rate and Soil Conservation Service unit hydrograph method have been applied to simulate the runoff rate. After calibration and validation, the simulated peak discharges were very close with observed values. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient was 0.95, indicates that the hydrological modeling results are satisfactory and accepted for simulation of rainfall-runoff. The peak discharges obtained for the 10, 50, 100 and 1000 year storms are respectively 425.8, 750.5, 904.3 and 1328.3 m3∙s−1.
The effect of IPSAS on reforming governmental financial reporting: an international comparison

Over the past 25 years, significant New Public Management (NPM) reforms, particularly towards accrual accounting, have characterized the public sector in many countries. The diversity in public financial information systems created a need for harmonization, resulting in the elaboration of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). Despite their relevance, little is known on the adoption process of IPSAS. This study aims to examine to what extent IPSAS(-like) accrual accounting is adopted in central/local governments worldwide as well as to investigate which factors affect the differing level of their adoption. Methodologically, a specific questionnaire constructed to obtain relevant information from local experts was sent worldwide to a sample of countries. The study reveals an important move to accrual accounting, particularly to IPSAS accrual accounting, for which there still remains a level of reluctance mainly in central governments, especially in countries where businesslike accrual accounting has been developed. Points for practitioners IPSAS have become the international reference for the development of public sector accounting systems worldwide. For this reason, IPSAS deserve the attention of accounting policy-makers, practitioners and scholars. The current study offers a comparative study of the level of adopting IPSAS worldwide as well as an explanation of the reasons behind the differing levels of adoption. The present study reveals that the transition towards IPSAS necessitates a long period of implementation whereby existing local business accounting regulations hinder jurisdictions from implementing international standards. The explanatory findings provide input for reformers and legislators when designing and developing financial information reforms.
Genomic organization of lactic acid bacteria phages

Laboratoire de genetique microbienne, Inra, Domaine de Vi/vert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France Summary - The infection of lactic acid bacteria starter cultures by bacteriophages is one of the most common causes of slow or incomplete fermentation in the dairy industry. Given the magnitude of the problem and its economic impact, considerable research has been undertaken on lactic acid bacteria phages. In recent years, numerous projects for the determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of lactobacilli and lactococci phage genomes were carried out. Functions have been assigned to the products of several open reading frames. The genome of the phages has a modular organization. It is divided in several regions, each involved in one step of the phage Iife cycle: integration/excision, replication, production of structural proteins, assembly, packaging of the DNA and release of the phage outside the cell alter the host Iysis.
Is Legal Pot Crippling Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations? The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on US Crime

We examine the effect of medical marijuana laws (MML) on crime treating the introduction of MML as a quasi-experiment and using three different data sources. First, using data from the Uniform Crime Reports, we find that violent crimes such as homicides and robberies decrease in states that border Mexico after MML are introduced. Second, using Supplementary Homicide Reports' data we show that for homicides the decrease is the result of a drop in drug-law and juvenile-gang related homicides. Lastly, using STRIDE data, we show that the introduction of MML in Mexican border states decreases the amount of cocaine seized, while it increases the price of cocaine. Our results are consistent with the theory that decriminalization of small-scale production and distribution of marijuana harms Mexican drug trafficking organizations, whose revenues are highly reliant on marijuana sales. The drop in drug-related crimes suggests that the introduction of MML in Mexican border states lead to a decrease in their activity in those states. Our results survive a large variety of robustness checks. Extrapolating from our results, this indicates that decriminalization of the production and distribution of drugs may lead to a drop in violence in markets where organized crime is pushed out by licit competition.
Genetic variability among Andrographis paniculata in Chhattisgarh region assessed by RAPD markers

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to estimate the genetic variability and dissimilarity among the Andrographis paniculata (family- Acanthance), an important medicinal herb. Twenty-four (24) plants were collected from five districts of different places of Chhattisgarh region. Sixteen (16) primers generated a total of 159 polymorphic bands out of 182 total bands (79.95% polymorphism), with an average of 11.37 amplified bands per primers and 23 bands showed monomorphic banding pattern with an average of 1.43 per primers. A dendrogram was constructed based on the unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages. Cluster analysis of data using UPGMA algorithm placed the 24 accessions of A. paniculata into two major clusters I and II which further sub-divided into many subclusters. Genetic dissimilarity coefficients calculated from RAPD data ranged from 0.3635 to 2.0160, with the highest value of 2.0160 between AP10 and AP16 and the lowest value of 0.3635 between accessions AP3 and AP5. The principal component analysis (PCA) clustering pattern corresponded well with the dendrogram. The results indicate that RAPD could be efficiently used for genetic diversity study in wild species of approaching value as it is quick, unswerving and superior to those on pedigree information. Keywords : Acanthance, dendrogram, principle component analysis (PCA), Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), variability. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(39), pp. 5714-5722
Reliable network design under supply uncertainty with probabilistic guarantees

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a bi-level risk-averse network design model for transportation networks with heterogeneous link travel time distributions. The objective of the network design is to minimise the total system travel time (TSTT) budget (TSTTB), which consists of the mean TSTT and a safety margin. The design is achieved by selecting optimal link capacity expansions subject to a fixed expansion budget. Users’ selfish behaviour and risk attitude are captured in the lower level traffic assignment constraints, in which travellers select routes to minimise their own path travel time budget. The properties of the design problem are analysed analytically and numerically. The analysis shows that despite the lack of knowledge of travel time distributions, the probabilities that the actual TSTT and the actual path travel time are, respectively, within the optimal TSTTB and the minimum path travel time budget under optimal design have lower bounds. The lower bounds are related to the system manager's and travellers’ risk aversion. The optimal TSTTB is proven to be bounded below even when the link expansion budget is unlimited.
comparative assessment of effects of Polish propolis combined with plant oils with those of Brazilian propolis on the oral cavity condition in ortofacial cleft patients treated with removable appliances

1 Zakład Ortodoncji Katedry Dysfunkcji Narzadu Żucia i Ortodoncji Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego Department of Orthodontics, chair of Masticatory Dysfunction and Orthodontics Medical University of Silesia in Katowice 2, 3 Zakład Stomatologii Zachowawczej z Endodoncją Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego Department of conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice 4 Zakład Chirurgii Stomatologicznej Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice
X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF DISRUPTED RECYCLED PULSARS: NO REFUGE FOR ORPHANED CENTRAL COMPACT OBJECTS

We present a Chandra X-ray survey of the disrupted recycled pulsars (DRPs), isolated radio pulsars with P > 20 ms and Bs < 3 × 1010 G. These observations were motivated as a search for the immediate descendants of the ≈10 central compact objects (CCOs) in supernova remnants (SNRs), 3 of which have similar timing and magnetic properties as the DRPs, but are bright, thermal X-ray sources consistent with minimal neutron star (NS) cooling curves. Since none of the DPRs were detected in this survey, there is no evidence that they are “orphaned” CCOs, NSs whose SNRs has dissipated. Upper limits on their thermal X-ray luminosities are in the range of log Lx[erg s−1] = 31.8–32.8, which implies cooling ages >104–105 yr, roughly 10 times the ages of the ≈10 known CCOs in a similar volume of the Galaxy. The order of a hundred CCO descendants that could be detected by this method are thus either intrinsically radio quiet or occupy a different region of (P, Bs) parameter space from the DRPs. This motivates a new X-ray search for orphaned CCOs among radio pulsars with larger B-fields, which could verify the theory that their fields are buried by the fall-back of supernova ejecta, but quickly regrow to join the normal pulsar population.
Sustainable biomass power for rural India: case study of biomass gasifier for village electrification.

The performance and impact of a decentralized biomass gasifier-based power generation system in an unelectrified village are presented. In Hosahalli village, Karnataka, India, lighting, drinking water, irrigation water and flour-milling services are provided using power derived from the biomass gasifier-based power generation system. The system consists of a 20 kW gasifier-engine generator system with all the accessories for fuel processing and electricity distribution.The biomass power system has functioned for over 14 years (1988–2004) in Hosahalli village (population of 218 during 2003), meeting all the electricity needs of the village. Lighting and piped drinking water supply using biomass electricity, was provided for over 85% of the days during the past six years. The fuel, operation and maintenance cost ranged from Rs 5.85/kWh at a load of 5 kW to Rs 3.34/kWh at a load of 20 kW. Technical, social, economic and management-related lessons learnt are presented here.
A new technique for screening iron-efficient genotypes in peach rootstocks: Elicitation of root ferric chelate reductase by manipulation of external iron concentrations

This work was supported by the projects AGR97-1177 and AGL 2000-1721 from the Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia to A.A. Y.G. was the recipient of a postdoctoral contract from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (C.S.I.C.) and a Ramon y Cajal contract from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia.
Research on pinch plasma focus devices of hundred of kilojoules to tens of joules

At present the Plasma Physics and Plasma Technology Group of the Comision Chilena de Energia Nuclear (CCHEN) has the experimental facilities in order to study fast dense transient discharges in a wide range of energy and current, namely: I) energy from hundred of kilojoules to tens of joules, II) current from megaamperes to tens of kiloamperes. Also several diagnostics have been implemented. An overview of the work being carried out on dense pinch plasma focus discharges at the Comision Chilena de Energia Nuclear is presented. The plasma energy density and scaling laws for the neutron yield are discussed. Possible applications of the radiation emitted are also discussed.
Relationship between Type of Risks and Income of the Rural Households in the Pattani Province of Thailand

This study examines the relationship between type of risks and income of the rural households in Pattani province, Thailand using the standard multiple regression analysis. A multi-stage sampling technique is employed to select 600 households of 12 districts in the rural Pattani province and a structured questionnaire is used for data collection. Evidences from descriptive analysis show that the type of risks faced by households in rural Pattani province are job loss, reduction of salary, household member died, household members who work have accident, marital problem and infection of crops/livestock. In addition, result from the regression analysis suggests that job loss, household member died and marital problem have significant negative effects on the households’ income. The result suggests that job loss has adverse impact on households’ income. The implication of this is that the living standard of household will continue to deteriorate as large proportion of them could either not find job or lost their jobs. Therefore, an important policy suggestion is that government should formulate a policy that considers the creation of employment especially for the poor households with low-income particularly in the rural area. Also, government should provide an appropriate social security benefits program on which the affected population can rely on in case of problem such as sickness/accident/death of the household members. Concerning the marital problem in the households, an important implication to the policy maker is to formulate a policy or design strategy development principles of holistic family.
Investor Heterogeneity and Asymmetric Volatility Under Short-Sale Constraints: Evidence from Korean Fund Market

We analyze the asymmetric behavior of fund managers with short-selling constraints under different market conditions to confirm the hypothesis of difference of opinion of fund managers and also investigate determinants in difference of opinions in fund market. This paper examines two issues: whether there exists the difference of opinions of fund managers and whether there is asymmetric volatility under short-sale constraints. Under short-sale constraints, we implement testing the hypothesis of difference of opinion found by Chen, Hong, and Stein (2001) and Hong and Stein (2003). This hypothesis provides a unique opportunity to test directly the differences of opinion among fund managers that operate under short-sale constraints using asset-allocating strategies. The test results provide evidence that there is asymmetric volatility and increased differences of opinion among fund managers. Furthermore, the results of this study are consistent with the model of Hong and Stein (2003), which predicts that negative asymmetries are more likely to occur when there are large differences of opinions among fund managers. Therefore, our results imply that the overvaluation effect is more remarkable in funds for which a wider dispersion of the opinions of fund managers exists. These findings are consistent with Miller’s (1977) intuition and Hong and Stein’s (2003) model. In addition, our results also support the stochastic bubble hypothesis and are consistent with Blanchard and Watson (1982) and Wu (1997), even after controlling for fund characteristic variables.
Mergers and acquisitions performance paradox: the mediating role of integration approach

Based on theory and case studies, the merger literature suggests that the implementation of integration approaches is important for effective post-merger integration. This hypothesis is tested with a relatively large sample by focusing on the fit of the integration approach to the synergy potential of the merged companies and the cultural differences between them. Findings suggest that the fit of the integration approach is positively related to integration effectiveness and mediates its relationship with synergy potential and cultural differences.
Stability Improvement of FSIG based Grid Connected Wind Farm Using STATCOM/SVC during different Fault Locations

-The effect of fault locations on the behavior of the FSIG based wind farm interconnected grid during different fault types is investigated in this paper. The effects of fault locations are studied for different fault types. The contribution of Static Synchronous Compensator STATCOM and Static Var Compensator (SVC) to support the FSIG based wind farm interconnected electric grid during different fault locations are investigated. The wind farm terminal voltage, the exported active power, and the absorbed reactive power are monitored in different fault conditions.Simulation test cases using MATLAB-Simulink are implemented on a 13.5 MW wind farm exports power to a 220 KV grid.
Base temperatures and degrees days development of 10 Mexican corn accessions

The temperature variation of a place is a function of the elements and factors of the climate, which are altered to a greater or lesser extent by climate change, which is a challenge to determine the periods of thermal growth, optimum sowing for various crops by region. Based on the above, the objective of this study was to determine the base temperature (Tb) and the degree days development (GDD) of the sowing to flowering (male and female) for 10 accessions of corn that are protected in the Germplasm Bank of CIMMYT. The information was collected and analyzed (duration in days (t) of the periods of Sowing to Flowering and its respective average temperature) of different field experiments of the field stations (Agua Fria, Puebla and Tlaltizapan, Morelos) of the years 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Which was adjusted to a linear model by linear regression between the development rate (1/t) and the average temperature of the period. The GDD were estimated by accession with the ratio 1/α where α is the parameter of the regression and Tb. The results indicate that Tb varied from 7.1 to 13 °C for male flowering and 5.4 to 12.1 °C for female flowering with an accumulation of GDD between 880 and 1696 male flowering and 1115 to 1860 female flowering, which allows to characterize the accessions evaluated in order of highest to lowest precocity: Chis337, Yuca91, Vera617, Yuca158, Yuca47, Vera616, Vera64, Vera623, Snlp277, Hida275, confirming that knowing the agroclimatic requirements of crops allows selecting regions that favor growth , development, reduction of losses and increase yields as well as preserving the genetic variability of the species.