Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioconversion of Agricultural By-Products to Lysine by Brevibacterium flavum and Physico-Chemical Optimization for Hyper-production

Poultry and agriculture industry has a great role in the development of food sector in Pakistan. Whole of the Lysine required for poultry feed is imported to fulfil the desired dietary needs. Present study was designed to utilize different agricultural by-products like molasses, wheat bran, rice polishing and corn steep liquor. Different Physico-Chemical parameters were optimized to have hyper-production of Lysine through fermentation by using Brevibacterium flavum as a fermentative agent. From wheat bran, rice polishing and molasses (as best carbon source), significantly high concentrations of lysine (10.4 g/L) after 72h of incubation was observed with molasses (4%) with 3% (v/v) inoculum size at 30C and pH 7. Among different nitrogen sources, 0.25% (NH4)2SO4 showed significantly (P< 0.05) high yield of Lysine (16.89 g/L). Addition of different optimum levels of ionic salts; 4% CaCO3, 0.4% MgSO4.7H2O, 0.1% NaCl and 0.2% KH2PO4 gave significantly (P< 0.05) higher quantity of Lysine 19.01 g/L. Inclusion of 0.6% corn steep liquor and 0.4 mg/100mL biotin significantly (P< 0.05) raised the Lysine from 19.4 g/L– 19.45 g/L. The presence of Lysine in fermented broth was detected by TLC. Thus a cheap and practical bioprocess of Lysine production was concluded, that can be exploited commercially to save foreign exchange.
The Biotenodesis Screw and Endobutton Technique for Repair for Acute Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture

Background and purpose: There is controversy regarding which reconstructive technique provides the best outcome in acute rupture of the distal biceps tendon. Our study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of using a combined endobutton and tenodesis screw technique through a single anterior incision. Methods: Over a Four year period, 25 consecutive patients underwent distal biceps reconstruction using this technique. Three patients were lost to follow-up leaving 22 patients for review. Mean follow-up was 24 months (6-51). All patients were evaluated using a questionnaire, clinical examination, x-rays, power measurements, and Oxford Elbow (OES) and Mayo scores. Results: There were no re-ruptures, fractures or hardware-related complications. Overall 95% of patients (21/22) were satisfied and rated their experience as excellent or good. Mean time to return to work was 100 days (0-280) and mean time requiring pain relief was 23 days (1-56). 55% returned to sport at their pre-injury level. One case developed heterotopic calcification and there were 3 cases of superficial infection. Mean OES and Mayo scores statistically improved from 18 (6-37) to 43 (24-48) and from 48 (5-95) to 95 (80-100) respectively (p < 0.00001). Interpretation: We describe a safe and reliable technique that produces excellent clinical and functional outcomes and allows an early return to function, with no re-ruptures and a low complication rate.
A sociophonetic analysis of vowels produced by female Irish migrants: Investigating second dialect contact in Melbourne

We present preliminary results of an acoustic analysis of monophthongal vowels produced by five female Irish migrants in Melbourne, with lengths of residence in Australia between 1.5 and 9.5 years. This sample is compared with five female Australian English (AusE) participants. Results show greater overall variability within the Irish group compared to the AusE group for the majority of vowels. Sociophonetic variability also emerged, for example with only two migrants producing an expected Irish English FOOT-STRUT merger. One ‘non-merger’ with the longest length of residence, and a social network comprised exclusively of Australians, also displayed initial signs of movement towards other AusE vowel targets, such as a fronted /ʉ:/. This research contributes to our understanding of the dynamics of dialect contact, indicating movement in the direction of AusE after approximately ten years of exposure.
ffects of corporate social responsibility and internal marketing n organizational commitment and turnover intentions ungsun ( Sunny )

This study examined the effects of four aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) (i.e., economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibility) and five aspects of internal marketing (IM) (i.e., welfare system, training, compensation, communication, and management support) on employees’ organizational commitment (OC) and turnover intentions (TI) in the casino industry. Based on survey data collected from 310 employees working for a casino company, the relationships were examined using confirmatory factor analysis, second-order factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results indicate that orporate social responsibility
Measuring Mindfulness in Insight Meditation ( Vipassana ) and Meditation-Based Psychotherapy : The Development of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory ( FMI ) by

Mindfulness meditation research has in recent years become a burgeoning field of investigation, particularly related to treatment of health-related disorders. Nevertheless, the construct of mindfulness has not yet been subjected to scientific validation. The aim of this study has been the empirical analysis of the Buddhist concept of mindfulness and the construction of a measurement scale that operationalizes the construct. The stages of development of a self-evaluative mindfulness inventory are presented in three phases: 1. construction of a pool of items, 2. expert assessment of items, and 3. validation by means of a study in which a preliminary form of a questionnaire was given to four samples of individuals participating in insight meditation retreats; a pre-retreat (n=100), post-retreat (n=93) design was employed. Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients of the 30-item final questionnaire were 0.91 before the course and 0.94 after. For each time of inventory completion, a four-factor solution was found using principal components factor analysis. Factor structure was only moderately stable over time. The four factors primarily reflected the theoretical and conceptual characteristics of mindfulness. Our data indicates one-dimensionality of the construct and the presence of a general factor. The mindfulness inventory provides an economic, valid, homogeneous and reliable instrument, which could be optimized and employed in further research studies.
Gaming Disorder

Introduction: We are aware of the shortage of psychiatrists in Malaysia. However, there is no formal report on the distribution and ratio of psychiatrists in each state in Malaysia. We aim to do a detailed count of the number of psychiatrists in the country. Methods: We obtained the figures for the psychiatrists practicing in the government, private and university settings by accessing the Ministry of Health database, information from the Malaysian Psychiatric Association, Malaysian Mental Health Association, National Specialist Register and websites of the respective Universities. The total number and ratio of psychiatrists per 100,000 population are calculated. Results: There was a total of 410 registered psychiatrists in Malaysia in the private universities, private clinics, public universities and government hospitals. The state with the highest number of psychiatrists is Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur with a total of 94 psychiatrists which has a ratio of 5.24 per 100, 000 population followed by Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya with 3.38 per 100,000 population. The states with the least ratio of psychiatrists are Sabah with 0.54 and Kedah with 0.55 per 100, 000 population. Conclusion: There is a discrepancy in the geographical distribution of psychiatrists in Malaysia. People living in larger, urban states have better access to mental health care whereas the smaller states face a serious lack of psychiatrists. More effort should be taken to improve mental healthcare in Malaysia as recommended by WHO with one psychiatrist for every 10, 000 population.
Biodiversity and structure in managed and unmanaged forests: a comparison based on the strict forest reserves network in France

In Western Europe, the long history of forest management over the past centuries has shaped both landscapeand local-scale forest structure. As a consequence, forest biodiversity has probably been impoverished and recovery is still ongoing. In France, the strict forest reserves network was created to serve as a reference for biodiversity conservation and close-to-nature forest management and currently includes around 200 sites. However, research comparing biodiversity in managed and unmanaged forests remains strikingly poor despite the relatively large number of candidate sites. In order to close the gap in knowledge in the French context, we studied forest structure (living and dead wood amounts) and the biodiversity of 6 taxa (vascular plants, saproxylic fungi, birds, bats, carabids and saproxylic beetles) by comparing fifteen strict forest reserves with adjacent managed forests, on a total of 213 plots. In terms of forest structure, we showed that deadwood was the most discriminant criterion between managed and unmanaged forests in France. In terms of biodiversity, we showed that only saproxylic fungi richness responded significantly to management abandonment. For the other groups, the results were less clear, and further analyses correlating forest structure with taxa or ecological groups are programmed in the forthcoming year. This applied research closely associated managers and researchers and is a good example of research-action involving protected areas.
Emotional Intelligence among kindergarten Gifted Children , Irbid-Jordan

This study aimed at identifying the emotional intelligence's dimensions in relation to age and gender variables among kindergarten gifted children.The sample of the study consisted of (50) gifted children; of which (24) were males and (26) were females. The sample was chosen out of (787) children in Irbid city of Jordon using stratified random sample. 15 Children were 4< 5 years age and 35 were 5 6 years age. The participants were chosen in two stages: the first stage 63 children were chosen depends on teachers' nomination where the behavioral characteristics rating scale for gifted was used which the researcher develops. While, in the second stage Stanford Bient IQ Test was applied, and about (50) high achievers who scored more than 120 of the IQ test were chosen. Emotional Intelligence Scale for gifted children and Mann –Whitney Test were usedto achieve the goals of this study. The results revealed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of female on the emotional intelligence dimensions on the level (α < 0.05), emotional management, social skills and emotional intelligence in general. Results also revealed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of children whose ages (5-6 years) on the level (α < 0.05) for gender variable on faces and motivation domains, while the differences did not appear in the other dimensions.
Quantifying Discourse about Causal Inferences 1 Quantifying Discourse about Causal Inferences from Randomized Experiments and Observational Studies in Social Science Research

We outline the limitations in the designs of randomized experiments and observational studies in the pragmatic world of applied social science research. Recognizing that inferences will be debated, we quantify concerns about inferences to inform scientific discourse. We illustrate the value of such quantification through two focal examples -one for the external validity of a randomized experiment, and another for the internal validity of a quasi-experiment. In the first example, we find that bias must have accounted for 54% of the estimate Borman, Dowling and Schneck (2008) obtained from a randomized experiment to invalidate their inference of a positive effect of the Open Court Curriculum on reading achievement. In the second focal example, bias must have accounted for 85% of the estimate Hong and Raudenbush (2005) obtained from an observational study to invalidate their inference of a negative effect of kindergarten retention on achievement. We discuss implications for epistemology, pragmatism, policymakers and funders, as well as limitations.
Sediment transport modelling in riverine environments: on the importance of grain-size distribution, sediment density, and suspended sediment concentrations at the upstream boundary

Abstract. Hydromorphodynamic models are powerful tools for predicting the potential mobilization and transport of sediment in river ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that they are able to predict suspended sediment matter concentration in small river systems satisfactorily. However, hydro-sedimentary modelling exercises often neglect suspended sediment properties (e.g. sediment densities and grain-size distribution), which are known to directly control sediment dynamics in the water column during flood events. The main objective of this study is to assess whether a better representation of such properties leads to an improved performance in the model. The modelling approach utilizes a fully coupled hydromorphodynamic model based on TELEMAC-3D (v7p1) and an enhanced version of the sediment transport module SISYPHE (based on v7p1), which allows for a refined sediment representation (i.e. 10-class sediment mixtures instead of 2-class mixtures and distributed sediment density instead of uniform). The proposed developments of the SISYPHE model enable us to evaluate and discuss the added value of sediment representation refinement for improving sediment transport and riverbed evolution predictions. To this end, we used several model set-ups to evaluate the influence of sediment grain-size distribution, sediment density, and suspended sediment concentration at the upstream boundary on model predictions. As a test case, we simulated a flood event in a small-scale river, the Orne river in north-eastern France. Depending on the model set-up, the results show substantial discrepancies in terms of simulated bathymetry evolutions. Moreover, the model based on an enhanced configuration of the sediment grain-size distribution (10 classes of particle sizes) and with distinct densities per class outperforms the standard SISYPHE configuration, with only two sediment grain-size classes, in terms of simulated suspended sediment concentration.
Can Credit Rating Agencies See Through Transitory Shocks to Credit Risk ?

Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs) assert that ratings are useful because, by responding only to permanent changes in credit risk, they are more stable than market-based measures. Stability is valuable since rating changes have real consequences for private contracts and access to capital. We test whether CRAs can actually distinguish between permanent and transitory shocks to credit risk in real-time. We use mutual fund equity fire-sales as a transitory shock to credit risk, because declines in stock prices increase leverage and signal lower cash flows. We find that CRAs are significantly less likely to downgrade fire-sale firms relative to matched controls that experience permanent shocks. In contrast, Credit Default Swap spreads increase similarly for both treated and control firms. These results suggest that replacing ratings with market-based estimates of credit risk may result in stronger real effects from transitory price shocks.
Influence of medium formula and silver nitrate on in vitro plant regeneration of Zinnia cultivars

The effects of culture medium formula and silver nitrate (AgNO3) on plant regeneration were investigated in vitro using shoot tips of three zinnia cultivars namely Zinnia angustifolia cv. Starbright, Z. haageana cv. Percient Carpet and Z. elegans cv. Dreamland. Shoot organogenesis of all cultivars cultured on KS (Kohlenbach and Schmidt, 1975) medium was found superior to FK (Fukuda and Komamine, 1980), MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) and MS. Callus formation was found best on MS medium containing 0.1 M TDZ. The addition of 2 mg/l AgNO3 to KS medium resulted in improvement of the regeneration frequency in Zinnia angustifolia cv. Starbright but not in Z. haageana cv. Percient Carpet and Z. elegans cv. Dreamland. In contrast, callus formation was reduced in all three zinnias. These results indicate that the response to AgNO3 was genotype dependent.
ROBUST ESTIMATION IN ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE1

1. Summary. In linear models with several observations per cell, estimates of all contrasts are given whose small and large sample behaviour is analogous to that of the estimate of a shift parameter proposed in [2]. In particular, the asymptotic efficiency of these estimates relative to the standard least squares estimates, as the number of observations in each cell gets large, is shown to be the same as the Pitman efficiency of the Wilcoxon test relative to the t-test.
Overeducation, Earnings and Job Satisfaction in the Graduate Labour Market

This paper provides the first available estimates of the impact of overeducation on wages and job satisfaction of AlmaLaurea pre-reform university graduates in 2005. The analysis focuses on jobs attained 5 years after graduation. Overeducation is low relative to similarly advanced economies, and persistent over the years after graduation, in as much as there is a strong impact of past experiences of overeducation on the probably to be currently overeducated. Analysis of the determinants of overeducation / overskilling suggests that ceteris paribus it tends to be more frequent among children of parents with lower educational levels and coming from professional and technical schools. The degrees that cause overeducation more frequently include: Arts, Languages, Physical Education and Also working while studying and having started the university later than the curricular years is associated to overeducation / overskilling more frequently. Specific on-the-job training schemes and advanced post-graduate studies provide a cushion against the risk of overeducation. We find a conditional wage penalty of about 10% of the median wage for adopt the “to get” (overeducation) and of about 6.7% for the “to do” (overskilling) definition of overeducation. We also assess the impact of overeducation on job satisfaction finding that it reduces job satisfaction by the same amount of wages, namely one out of ten points. We also study the determinants of “genuine” overeducation defined à la Chevalier (2003) as including those overeducated graduates who are also dissatisfied with their job. The determinants of genuine overeducation are similar those of apparent education, but . The low share of overeducation / overskilling and the small penalty in terms of wages and job satisfaction that has demand and supply-side explanations. The wage penalty associated to overeducation is much higher if we consider the sample selection bias arising from the high youth unemployment rate. Considering that the unemployed would be more likely to be overeducated, the share of overeducated and the wage penalty of overeducation would be much greater when controlling for this bias. JEL classification: C25; C26; C33; I2; J13; J24.
Effects of Conventional and Unconventional Monetary Policy Shocks on Housing Prices in the United States: The Role of Sentiment

Abstract In this paper, we use a Quantile Structural Vector Autoregressive (QSVAR) model, estimated over the quarterly period of 1975:Q3 to 2017:Q3, to analyze whether the impact of monetary policy shocks on growth rate of real house price in the United States is contingent on the initial state of housing market sentiment. We find that contractionary monetary policy reduces growth rate of real house price more strongly when the market is characterized by optimism rather than pessimism, with this effect being more pronounced under unconventional monetary policy decisions. Further robustness checks confirm our results. Our findings highlight the role in sentiments in driving the policy effectiveness and thus, have important implications for policy decisions.
Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 promotes EMT in colorectal cancer by filamin A mediated focal adhesion pathway

Liver metastasis is the main reason for the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer, and identifying molecules involved in liver metastases of colorectal cancer may provide effective therapeutic targets. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1(AZGP1) is a candidate biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in cancer. However, its function and molecular mechanism in metastatic colorectal cancer remains largely unknown. We previously found that up-regulated AZGP1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cell line, here we elucidated the mechanism of AZGP1 in regulating metastasis. In this article, we found that AZGP1 was also highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues with liver metastasis relative to those without metastasis, and abundant expression of AZGP1 was associated with poor prognosis, also, AZGP1 down regulation prevented cell metastasis in vivo and in vitro. We further demonstrated that AZGP1 promotes metastasis by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and associating with molecules involved in the focal adhesion pathway, including the adhesion molecule FLNA, which acts as an important protein interactor. More importantly, AZGP1 down regulation inhibited the phosphorylation of FLNA mediated by the restrain of PAK2 kinase, thereby inducing its proteolysis and subsequently affecting its subcellular localization, where it regulates the EMT and promotes metastasis. Collectively, these results highlight AZGP1 as a new and promising therapeutic molecule for liver metastatic colorectal cancer.
nteraction between Sec 7 p and Pik 1 p : The first clue for the regulation of a oincidence detection signal

Sec7p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, regulates the activation of small Arf GTPases, which function in the formation of distinct classes of transport carriers from the Golgi. The recruitment of a subset of Arf effectors depends on the cooperation between these GTPases and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate. Here, we show that the catalytic domain of Sec7p interacts with a conserved region of the Golgi phos-
Damage Detection in Structures – Examples

Damage assessment of structures includes estimation of location and severity of damage. Quite often it is done by using changes of dynamic properties, such as natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios, determined on undamaged and damaged structures. The basic principle is to use dynamic properties of a structure as indicators of any change of its stiffness and/or mass. In this paper, two new methods for damage detection are presented and compared. The first method is based on comparison of normalised modal shape vectors determined before and after damage. The second method uses so-called 𝑙l-norm regularized finite element model updating. Some important properties of these methods are demonstrated using simulations on a Kirchhoff plate. The pros and cons of the two methods are discussed. Unique aspects of the methods are highlighted.