Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of Native and Non-Native English-Speaking Teachers' Cognitions about Oral Corrective Feedback

The present study sought to compare and contrast the perception of native and non-native speakers and experienced and less experienced teachers about CF and to examine controversial issues, such as frequency of CF, timing of CF, types of oral errors that should be corrected, its methods, and the person who should do the correcting. Ninety-nine English language teachers teaching in the preparatory year at Ha’il University participated in the study completed a questionnaire and involved in a semi structured interview. The findings showed that teachers in general have a strong positive perception of oral CF. Although teachers preferred to correct serious errors and frequent errors most frequently, they tended to delay correction until after a student finishes speaking rather than immediately. Moreover, results indicated that elicitation, implicit and repetition were the most frequently used feedback across all types of teachers. The students preferred the CF provided by the teachers. Classmates or peers were the least popular. Further, the results did not show significant differences between types of teachers, except for ‘frequent errors, and infrequent errors’ where native speakers tended to correct them more than non-native speakers. Additionally, less experienced teachers had more frequent use of CF and used the metalinguistic feedback method more compared to experienced teachers. Implication for teaching speaking are also discussed.
Monetary Policy Rules in a Two-Country World

This paper computes welfare-maximizing Taylor-style interest rate rules, in a business cycle model of a two-country world. The model assumes staggered price setting, violations of the Law of One Price, due to pricing-to-market, and productivity shocks, as well as shocks to the uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) condition--these shocks can be interpreted as reflecting biased exchange rate forecasts by "noise traders". Optimized policy rules closely replicate the equilibrium under price flexibility. Monetary policy coordination (joint maximization of world welfare) yields very limited welfare gains, compared to the Nash outcome. UIP shocks have a non-negligible negative effect on welfare, especially when these shocks are highly persistent, and when trade linkages between the two countries are strong. The adoption of an exchange rate peg may thus be welfare improving, if the adoption of the peg reduces the variance of the UIP shocks. The model explains thus the propensity of very open economies to peg their exchange rate vis-a-vis their main trading partners.
Patch Size Evolution During Pulsating Aurora

We report both decreasing and increasing trends in the patch sizes during pulsating aurora events. About 150 pulsating auroral events over the Fennoscandian Lapland have been successfully analyzed for their average patch size, total patch area, and number of patches as a function of event time, typically 1–2 hr. An automatic routine has been developed to detect patches in the all‐sky camera images. In addition to events with decreasing and increasing average patch size evolution over the course of the pulsating aurora, events with no size trends and events with intermittently increasing and decreasing patch size trends were also found. In this study, we have analyzed a subset of events for which the average and total patch size systematically increase or decrease. The events with increasing patch size trend do not experience a decrease in the peak emission height, which was previously associated with the behavior of pulsating aurora precipitation. Furthermore, the events with increasing patch sizes have shorter lifetimes and twice as many substorm‐injected energetic electrons at geosynchronous orbit as the events with decreasing patch sizes. Half of the events with increasing patch sizes occur during substorm expansion phases, while a majority (64%) of the ones with decreasing patch sizes take place during the recovery phase. These findings suggest that the visual appearance of pulsating aurora may be used as an indication of the pulsating aurora energy deposition to the atmosphere.
Defensive Attribution: A Re-examination Distinguishing between Behavioral and Characterlogical Blame.

Many theories have been proposed to explain the blaming the victim phenomena and to predict who is most likely to engage in this behavior. This study hypothesized that since behavioral blame of a victim is self-protective for an observer, this type of blaming will be evidenced more by those who are personally and situationally similar to the victim than by subjects who are situationally similar but personally dissimilar. The latter were expected to utilize characterlogical blame more than the former. These predictions are congruent with the tenets of defensive attribution theory once the important distinction between behavioral and characterlogical blame is taken into account. Subjects (N=30) were female undergraduate students at St. Bonaventure University (New York) who responded to a vignette describIng a rape in the local area, with a victim named either John or Sue providing the gender manipulation. Support was not obtained for the refo-mulation of defensive attribution theory represented by the proposition that subjects of the same gender as victims would attribute more behavioral and less characterlor! ical blame to the victim than subjects of the opposite gender. The fact that in all conditions subjects preferred behavioral to characterlogical blame offers a possible explanation for the failure to support the hypotheses. The data yielded a significantly greater attribution to chance for scenarios involving male victims rather than remale victims. (LLL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can De made from the original document. ********t************************************************************** Defensive Attribution Defensive Attribution: A Re-examination Distinguishing Between Behavioral and characterlogical Blame Catherine Panzarella-Tse Temple University and Pamela M. Mc Mahon Southern College of Technology Running Head: DEFENSIVE ATTRIBUTION U.S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Cdt. e of E ducehonatt Research and fmprevement EOUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERICI 7Tn.s document has been reproduced IR recered f.orn the oerriOn or organi:atmn ortspnaten et POMO/ etillegeS Mere been made ro . mProve renroctuebbn Qv/my Fomts ot weer)? Op.monS stated ift this ("mu-. ment de hot rieresaartly repreSertt orfre.st OF fit postlion or pofic} "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL. HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Possibilities of dynamic biometrics for authentication and the circumstances for using dynamic biometric signature

New information technologies alongside their benefits also bring new dangers with themselves. It is difficult to decide which authentication tool to use and implement in the information systems and electronic documents. The final decision has to compromise among the facts that it faces several conflicting requirements: highly secure tool, to be a user-friendly and user simplicity method, ensure protection against errors and failures of users, speed of authentication and provide these features for a reasonable price. Even when the compromised solution is found it has to fulfill the given technology standards. For the listed reasons the paper argues one of the most natural biometric authentication method the dynamic biometric signature and lists its related standards. The paper also includes measurement evaluation which solves the independence between the person’s signature and device on which it was created.
Water Use Effectiveness Is Enhanced Using Film Mulch Through Increasing Transpiration and Decreasing Evapotranspiration

Water shortage is a main limitation of crop growth and yield in drought northwest China, which is an important area of seed maize growth. Plastic film mulch is widely adopted to reduce soil evaporation (E) and conserve water resources, which changes evapotranspiration (ET) and its components, E and transpiration (Tr) and crop growth. The AquaCrop model, one of widely used crop models powered by water, can well simulate crop ET components and growth. However, there are few studies that examine ET partitioning and growth with and without plastic film mulch. The calibrated AquaCrop model was used to partition ET and simulate growth of seed maize with and without plastic film mulch in a drought region of northwest China in 2014 and 2015. The AquaCrop model can well simulate canopy cover curve (CC), and the dynamic and accumulated courses of ET and ET components. Plastic film mulch could advance the growth stage of seed maize and reduce seasoned ET. The initial stage with plastic film mulch was 37–42 days, while it was 46–48 days for no-mulch. Plastic film mulch increased Tr by 14.16% and 14.48% and significantly decreased E by 57.25% and 34.28% in 2014 and 2015, respectively, resulting in the reduction of seasonal total ET. Plastic film mulch increased averaged mid-season crop coefficient for transpiration (Kc Tr) by 0.88% and decreased soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) by 62.50%. Collectively, the results suggest that, in comparison with no-mulch, plastic film mulch advanced crop growth, and decreased total ET and increased Tr related with crop production, i.e., improve water use effectiveness.
Stocks of Firms under Reorganization Procedure

This paper aims to analyze the market reaction of US firms following their reorganization procedure announcement. As a first step, an analysis of stock prices of a sample of U.S. companies having filed for chapter 11 during the period 2000–2012 is carried through the use of indexes of prices. As a second step, we compare the stock prices of these firms with the ones of “similar” firms that have not been affected by this type of event. The results report a lower average stock return of companies under judicial protection throughout the considered time horizon, except for the period 2008–2009.
Research note: An observation on yield and nutritive value of Sesbania aculeata and its feeding to Damascus does

An observation was made of dry matter production (whole plant) and nutrient composition of Sesbania aculeata 4 months after planting. The material was fed as a supplement to Damascus does for 23 days before mating and then through to kidding. Nutrient composition of S. aculeata (leaves + twigs + stalks) was: CP 144, CF 341, CL 23, NDF 562, ADF 435 and ADL 72 g/kg DM. IVOMD was 50.7%, and energetic values were: GE 28.27, ME 6.84 and NEL 3.50 MJ/kg DM. Dry matter and CP yields of S. aculeata hay were 8269 and 1190 kg/ha, respectively; and energy yields were: GE 233 765, ME 56 560 and NEL 28 942 MJ/ha. Half of the does failed to produce kids. However, the liveweight and duration of pregnancy (148.8 ± 1.5 d) of the remaining does, and birth weight (4.6 ± 1.1 kg) and weaning weight (18.8 ± 5.0 kg) of the kids fell in the normal range. The progesterone pattern before mating was normal in all does and remained so in does that had fertile matings; however, the pattern was abnormal (acyclic) in those which were mated but failed to conceive. Further studies are needed to allay concerns that feeding S. aculeata to breeding does may cause problems with fertility.
Fabrication of ZnO and ZnO: Sb nanoparticles for gas sensor applications

ZnO and Sb-doped ZnO nanoparticles were successfully prepared using sol-gel technique. Different concentrations of triethanolamine (TEA) were utilized as the preparation procedure to act as complexing agent that enhances the doping probability of the formed Sb-doped ZnO nanopowder. Thick films of the prepared nanopowders were fabricated with spinner coating. Morphological characteristics, phase structure, chemical composition, thermal stability, and optical properties of the prepared nanopowders were measured and analyzed. The average crystallite size of ZnO and ZnO:Sb powders ranged between 19-28nm according to the XRD calculations and TEM observations. The gas sensitivity of the homemade devices based on Sb-doped ZnO nanoparticles towards O2 and CO2 gases as a function of temperature was measured and compared with undoped ZnO films. The gas sensitivity of the films was greatly improved after doping with Sb and reached its maximum value of ∼86% for O2 gas at 93:7wt% of Zn:Sb.
High-resolution Med-CORDEX regional climate model simulations for hydrological impact studies: a first evaluation of the ALADIN-Climate model in Morocco

In the framework of the international CORDEX program, new regional climate model (RCM) simulations at high spatial resolutions are becoming available for the Mediterranean region (Med-CORDEX initiative). This study provides the first evaluation for hydrological impact studies of one of these high-resolution simulations in a 1800 km(2) catchment located in North Morocco. Different approaches are compared to analyze the climate change impacts on the hydrology of this catchment using a high-resolution RCM (ALADIN-Climate) from the Med-CORDEX initiative at two different spatial resolutions (50 and 12 km) and for two different Radiative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The main issues addressed in the present study are: (i) what is the impact of increased RCM resolution on present-climate hydrological simulations and on future projections? (ii) Are the bias-correction of the RCM model and the parameters of the hydrological model stationary and transferable to different climatic conditions? (iii) What is the climate and hydrological change signal based on the new Radiative Concentration Pathways scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)? Results indicate that high resolution simulations at 12 km better reproduce the seasonal patterns, the seasonal distributions and the extreme events of precipitation. The parameters of the hydrological model, calibrated to reproduce runoff at the monthly time step over the 1984-2010 period, do not show a strong variability between dry and wet calibration periods in a differential split-sample test. However the bias correction of precipitation by quantile-matching does not give satisfactory results in validation using the same differential split-sample testing method. Therefore a quantile-perturbation method that does not rely on any stationarity assumption and produces ensembles of perturbed series of precipitation was introduced. The climate change signal under scenarios 4.5 and 8.5 indicates a decrease of respectively -30 to -57% in surface runoff for the mid-term (2041-2062), when for the same period the projections for precipitation are ranging between -15 and -19% and for temperature between + 1.3 and + 1.9 degrees C.
How informal education affects the financial literacy of primary school children developed in a formal educational program

This paper examines the role of informal financial education provided by parents in supplementing, and possibly improving the effect of formal financial education programs for primary school children in Italy. We report on a case study of the Money Learning (MOLE) project, an initiative of the Museum of Saving in Turin. In line with previous studies, we find that formal financial education has a positive effect on the financial literacy of primary school children. New empirical findings suggest that this effect of formal financial education can be reinforced by parents providing informal financial education (e.g. giving pocket money and freedom to spend it).
Masked Instability: Within-Sector Financial Risk in the Presence of Wealth Inequality

We investigate masked financial instability caused by wealth inequality. When an economic sector is decomposed into two subsectors that possess a severe wealth inequality, the sector in entirety can look financially stable while the two subsectors possess extreme financially instabilities of opposite nature, one from excessive equity, the other from lack thereof. The unstable subsector can result in further financial distress and even trigger a financial crisis. The market instability indicator, an early warning system derived from dynamical systems applied to agent-based models, is used to analyze the subsectoral financial instabilities. Detailed mathematical analysis is provided to explain what financial instabilities can arise amid seemingly stable economy and positive market data. The theoretical conjecture is verified by historical macroeconomic time series of the United States households among whom a substantial wealth inequality has been officially confirmed.
33001436 Spouted and Spout-Fluid Bed Combustors 2: Batch Combustion of Carbon

SUMMARY A batch combustion model of carbon particles in a spouted bed hasheen developed based on the concept of carbon residence time in each region of the spouted bed (annulus, spout and fountain). Both isothermal and nonisothermal particles are considered, with the assumption of no temperature gradient inside the particle. Model predictions in terms of carbon conversion and burnout time were in good agreement with experimental data obtained from a laboratory scale spouted bed combustor. For comparison, an experimental study on a spout-fluid mode was also carried out.
Estimation of the Reception Angle Distribution Based on the Power Delay Spectrum or Profile

The paper presents an estimation of the reception angle distribution based on temporal characteristics such as the power delay spectrum (PDS) or power delay profile (PDP). Here, we focus on such wireless environment, where the propagation phenomenon predominates in azimuth plane. As a basis to determine probability density function (PDF) of the angle of arrival (AOA), a geometrical channel model (GCM) in form of the multielliptical model for delayed scattering components and the von Mises’ PDF for local scattering components are used. Therefore, this estimator is called the distribution based on multielliptical model (DBMM). The parameters of GCM are defined on the basis of the PDS or PDP and the relative position of the transmitter and the receiver. In contrast to the previously known statistical models, DBMM ensures the estimation PDF of AOA by using the temporal characteristics of the channel for differing propagation conditions. Based on the results of measurements taken from the literature, DBMM verification, assessment of accuracy, and comparison with other models are shown. The results of comparison show that DBMM is the only model that provides the smallest least-squares error for different environments.
Global Production Networks, Foreign Direct Investment, and Supplier Linkages in the Integrated Peripheries of the Automotive Industry

Abstract This article examines the regional development effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the integrated peripheries of the automotive industry by analyzing supplier linkages between foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms. It develops the spatial concept of integrated peripheries in core-based macroregional production networks. Conceptually, it draws on the dynamic notion of uneven development in contemporary capitalism, namely, on David Harvey’s spatiotemporal fix and on the global production networks concept of strategic coupling to investigate the mode of articulation of integrated peripheries into macro-regional production networks. Empirically, it analyzes the quantity and quality of supplier linkages in the automotive industry of Slovakia based on unique data collected by the author from both foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms through a survey completed by 133 automotive firms in 2010 and interviews with 50 automotive firms conducted between 2011 and 2015. The empirical analysis uncovered weak and dependent supplier linkages between foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms, which undermine the potential for technology and knowledge transfer from foreign subsidiaries to the domestic economy and positive long-term regional development effects of large FDI by automotive industry corporations in integrated peripheries.
The Impact of Liquidity on Profitability of Some Selected Companies: The Financial Statement Analysis (FSA) Approach

The major indicators of the financial performance of corporate entities are liquidity and profitability. Liquidity ratio is used to judge the ability of a firm to meet its short term maturing obligations. The higher the ratio the greater the margin of safety for short-term creditors (current ratio). While profitability ratio is concern with relative profitability and efficiency of utilization of resources of a business. Thus, this study seeks to determine the following: (1)The correlation between current ratio and profitability; as measured by return on assets (ROA), (2) The correlation between Acid-test ratio and profitability; as measured by return on assets (ROA), (3) The correlation between return on capital employed and profitability; as measured by return on assets (ROA). The research design adopted for this study is the “quantitative research design”. The population consists of publicly quoted companies that make up the “industrial/Domestic products” industry. The sampling technique adopted is the “non-probability” sampling technique of four selected companies. The data used for the study was secondary data in the form of the “Annual Reports and Accounts” of the selected companies. Simple correlation analysis was used to test the hypothesis at 10% level of significance. The overall findings of this study indicate that: (1) There is a significant positive correlation between current ratio and profitability, (2) There is no definite significant correlation between Acid-test ratio and profitability. (3) There is no significant positive correlation between return on capital employed and profitability. The researcher recommends that corporate entities should not pursue extreme liquidity policies at the expense of their profitability, i.e. they should strike a balance between the two performance indicators (Liquidity and profitability).
Ensuring Secure and Efficient Data Transmission in Cluster-based Wireless Sensor Networks

The most critical issue in wireless sensor networks is Secure data transmission. The system performance of WSNs can be improved by Clustering which is an effective and practical way to. In this paper, we study a secure data transmission for cluster-based WSNs (CWSNs), where the clusters are formed dynamically and periodically. We propose two Secure and Efficient data Transmission (SET) protocols for CWSNs, called SET-IBS and SET-IBOOS, by using the Identity-Based digital Signature (IBS) scheme and the Identity-Based Online/Offline digital Signature (IBOOS) scheme, respectively. Keywords —Cluster-based WSNs; ID-based digital signature; ID-based online/offline digital signature; secure data transmission protocol