Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The epithelial cell surface antigen 17–1A, a target for antibody‐mediated tumor therapy: Its biochemical nature, tissue distribution and recognition by different monoclonal antibodies

The antigen defined by MAb 17–1A, raised against colorectal cancer cells and currently used in immuno‐therapy trials, is a 37 kDa protein containing N‐linked glycans as demonstrated by inhibition of glycosylation with tunicamycin. The 17–1A antigen (17–1A Ag) is broadly distributed in normal epithelial tissues and is also found in various types of carcinoma. Quantitative differences in expression between normal and malignant tissues were only apparent in gastric carcinomas. After immunizing mice with fresh colon carcinoma tissue, 4 MAbs were obtained that showed the same tissue reaction pattern as MAb 17–1A and recognized the 17–1A Ag as judged from precipitation and immunoblotting experiments. MAbs M72 and M74 reacted with an anti‐idiotypic serum directed against the original MAb 17–1A and were able to block 17–1A binding. In contrast, M77 and M79 are directed against a different epitope. This makes them potentially interesting for passive immunotherapy in regimens involving a combination of MAbs.
DEACTIVATION OF SINGLET MOLECULAR OXYGEN BY THIOLS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS, POSSIBLE PROTECTORS AGAINST SKIN PHOTOSENSITIVITY

Abstract— From time‐resolved measurements of the decay of singlet molecular oxygen phosphorescence at 1270 nm in D2O, direct estimates have been gained for the rate constants of the singlet oxygen reactions with a group of sulphur compounds in the pD range 5 to 13. In the case of most of the thiols, the results are consistent with singlet oxygen reacting exclusively with the thiolate anions. At the normal physiological pH 7, the apparent rate constants (in units of M‐1 s‐1) were 8.9 times 106 (cysteine), 2.5 times 106 (N‐acetyl cysteine), 2.9 times 106 (glutathione), 3.0 times 105 (2‐mercaptoethanol), 2.3 times 107 (ergothioneine) and 2.7 times 106 (2‐mercaptopropionyl glycine). For methionine the rate constant, 1.4 times 107, was independent of pD in the range studied. These sulphur compounds, in particular N‐acetyl cysteine and ergothioneine, or related compounds, might be considered as possible candidates for protection against skin photosensitivity side effects associated with the photodynamic therapy of solid tumours and as observed in the disease erythropoietic protoporphyria.
/ SYNTHÈSE Power training for older adults

Resistance training is widely advocated for older adults to alleviate the muscle and strength loss that occurs with aging. While primary and secondary prevention of disability are often mentioned as benefits of strength training, the evidence for this is limited and inconclusive. Researchers have started to examine another form of resistance training that may prove to be more beneficial than strength training in terms of the reduction of age-related disability. Power training is being investigated because several studies have shown a stronger relationship between power and function than between strength and function. Early studies on power training suggest that neuromuscular power can be increased to a greater extent with high velocity or explosive training than strength training alone. In addition, there may be more positive effects on performance tasks measured in the laboratory, although evidence on disability reduction was very limited. Adverse events were reported in several studies, although the risk for injuries appears to be higher for testing than for training itself. Future well-designed studies on the risks and benefits of power training should provide more evidence on this promising form of resistance training for older adults of varying health and functional status.
Sexual Violence Victimization and Associations with Health in a Community Sample of Hispanic Women

This study sought to add to the limited information currently available on circumstances of sexual violence victimization and associated negative health experiences among Hispanic women. Data come from a community sample of mostly Mexican women in an urban southwestern city. Household interviews were completed with a sample of 142 women during 3 months in 2010. Findings indicate that 31.2% of women reported rape victimization and 22.7% reported being sexually coerced in their lifetime. Victims of rape and/or sexual coercion were significantly more likely to report symptoms of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during their lifetime. Among victims whose first unwanted sexual experience resulted in rape and/or sexual coercion, perpetrators were almost always someone known to the victims, and were mostly family members or intimate partners, depending on the victim’s age. About one-fifth of victims were injured and 17.1% needed medical services. These findings suggest the need for more attention to the physical and mental health needs of sexually victimized Hispanic women.
Topndash;down or bottom–up regulation of intra–host blood–stage malaria: do malaria parasites most resemble the dynamics of prey or predator?

Knowledge of the factors that limit parasite numbers offers hope of improved intervention strategies as well as exposing the selective forces that have shaped parasite life–history strategies. We develop a theoretical framework with which to consider the intra–host regulation of malaria parasite density. We analyse a general model that relates timing and magnitude of peak parasite density to initial dose under three different regulatory processes. The dynamics can be regulated either by top–down processes (upgradable immune regulation), bottom–up processes (fixed immune response and red blood cell (RBC) limitation) or a mixture of the two. We define and estimate the following key parameters: (i) the rate of RBC replenishment; (ii) the rate of destruction of uninfected RBCs; and (iii) the maximum parasite growth rate. Comparing predictions of this model with experimental results for rodent malaria in laboratory mice allowed us to reject functional forms of immune upregulation and/or effects of RBC limitation that were inconsistent with the data. Bottom–up regulation alone was insufficient to account for observed patterns without invoking either localized depletion of RBC density or merozoite interference. By contrast, an immune function upregulated in proportion to either merozoite or infected RBC density was consistent with observed dynamics. An immune response directed solely at merozoites required twice the level of activation of one directed at infected RBCs.
Analyzing value propositions of property and casualty insurance companies in the business-to-business market

The goal of this research is to assess what future value proposition might be used by Dutch property-and-casualty (P&C) insurance companies to distinct their offering from competitors’ and win the market for business-to-business (B2B) clients. The value discipline typology of Treacy and Wiersema (1997) is used to describe value propositions as a combination of three kinds of customer value. Inspired by the work of Micheels and Gow (2009), a value discipline scale is created to measure which combination of customer values P&C-insurers intend to deliver, and which combination of customer values is perceived and needed by clients. A preliminary content analysis is conducted to provide more insight into the value propositions as communicated by P&C-insurers. Potential gaps are analyzed between value propositions from these four perspectives (i.e. the intention and communication of P&C-insurers, and the perception and needs of B2B-clients). The quantitative results of a survey among P&C-insurers and B2B-clients (plus the consequent gap analysis) are complemented with qualitative interviews for the purpose of explanation and illustration (Bryman, 2006). By identifying and analyzing potential gaps, we hope to provide P&C-insurers with future directions on how they can deliver a more distinctive value proposition towards B2B-clients.
Lichen Planus after HBV Vaccination in a Child: A Case Report from Nepal

Vaccination against hepatitis B virus has rarely been associated with lichen planus. We report a case of this kind in a child from Nepal. A 12‐year‐old boy had developed generalized itchy violaceous papules and plaques six weeks after the second dose of hepatitis B virus vaccine. Serum HBsAg and HBeAb were negative, but HBsAb was positive. New crops of generalized, similar eruptions developed after the booster dose of vaccine. All the lesions resolved within three months of systemic steroid therapy. There was no recurrence after one year of follow up. Awareness of such an association is necessary, especially in children, because vaccination campaigns are increasing.
Integrated Options and Spot Procurement for Commodity Processors

We consider a firm that procures a commodity through a combination of options and spot contracts to process it and then distribute it to the downstream retailers to satisfy random demand. This commodity is traded on an organized exchange where evolution of prices offers no risk-free arbitrage. The firm incurs transportation costs when exercising the physical delivery of the contracts. Transportation cost in the spot market is higher than in options markets because spot purchases need to be expedited through an expensive means of transportation. Commodity purchased through options contract arrives with a lead time of one period while spot procurement has a zero lead time. The objective of the firm is to maximize the value for its stakeholders in a multi-period model. We demonstrate that the procurement options create value for a firm by managing demand risk in the presence of transportation costs. We characterize the optimal policy for options procurement, options exercise, and spot buying/selling in a multi-period model. In addition, we identify conditions under which the options contracts are more valuable than the forward contracts for the firm. We show that the value of procurement through options contract increases with demand volatility and decreases with price volatility.
Networks Emerging from Shifts of Interests in Eye-Tracking Records

Network analysis was applied to the eye-tracking data obtained from 20 subjects who read 10 frontal Web pages that were classiﬁed into three types of layouts. The network, built for each page, represented the transition of ﬁxations among the segments of a 5x5 mesh imposed on the screen. The core and peripheral nodes were identiﬁed by multiple centrality indices as well as the ranking scores and they corresponded fairly well to physical locations of the screen. The clique-based communities revealed interesting patterns that ran counter to ”banner-blind” and that indicated the eﬀects of the three layout types. We presently plan to incorporate a pattern mining technique(s) in hopes of enhancing the present approach.
Managing and Controlling Public Sector Supply Chains

Supply chain management (SCM) represents a significant change in the way that organisations view themselves and has witnessed values created through the integration and coordination of supply, demand and relationships in order to satisfy customers in an effective and profitable manner both in the private and public sectors. The concept has seen interest among organisations (Burges & Singh, 2006) including the public sector (Hendricks & Singhal, 2003; Gansler et al., 2004; OCG, 2005; 2006; Ambe, 2006; Matthee, 2006; Essig & Dorobek, 2006; Migiro & Ambe, 2008; Ambe, 2009). As a result, a number of studies on SCM have been undertaken in many different industries and sectors. However, majority of these related studies recognize that an effective SCM is a powerful tool to achieve cost advantage and a more profitable outcome for all parties within and beyond any organization (Zsidisin et al., 2000; Davis, 2008). It is for this reason that the concept has gained interest in the public sector in recent years (South Africa, 2005; Blanchard et al., 2008; Kumar, S. et al., 2008; Pan & Pokharel, 2007; Migiro & Ambe, 2008; Ambe, 2009). For example, countries such as the UK, US and Canada have for long employed SCM in the management of their procurement and logistics (OCG, 2005) as well as South Africa (Ambe, 2009) among others. Despite the interest and employment of SCM in public institutions, Humphries and Wilding (2004) assert that much has not been done compared to the private sector. According to Korosec (2003), majority of SCM literature that does exist focuses primarily on private sector transactions or on international governments owing to the fact that SCM has been used in both of these arenas for almost two decades. Notwithstanding this, many professional government organizations have indicated that SCM could hold great promise in enhancing public procurement systems. However, Essig & Dorobek (2006:1) argue that the management of public supply chain raises various research questions that need to be answered. The chapter explore the concept of supply chain management in the public sector. The chapter utilises a case study of the SCM in the South African public sector to differentiate between public versus private sectors supply chains. It presents the critical components, features and importance of public sector supply chains. Furthermore, the chapter portray the need for supply chain improvement and the employment of performance measures in the public sector. A balanced scorecard as a supply chain performance indicator is suggested for application to the public sector supply chain. The chapter contributes to literature on the application of public sector supply chains.
Perlman syndrome nuclease DIS3L2 controls cytoplasmic non-coding RNAs and provides surveillance pathway for maturing snRNAs

The exosome-independent exoribonuclease DIS3L2 is mutated in Perlman syndrome. Here, we used extensive global transcriptomic and targeted biochemical analyses to identify novel DIS3L2 substrates in human cells. We show that DIS3L2 regulates pol II transcripts, comprising selected canonical and histone-coding mRNAs, and a novel FTL_short RNA from the ferritin mRNA 5′ UTR. Importantly, DIS3L2 contributes to surveillance of maturing snRNAs during their cytoplasmic processing. Among pol III transcripts, DIS3L2 particularly targets vault and Y RNAs and an Alu-like element BC200 RNA, but not Alu repeats, which are removed by exosome-associated DIS3. Using 3′ RACE-Seq, we demonstrate that all novel DIS3L2 substrates are uridylated in vivo by TUT4/TUT7 poly(U) polymerases. Uridylation-dependent DIS3L2-mediated decay can be recapitulated in vitro, thus reinforcing the tight cooperation between DIS3L2 and TUTases. Together these results indicate that catalytically inactive DIS3L2, characteristic of Perlman syndrome, can lead to deregulation of its target RNAs to disturb transcriptome homeostasis.
Regulation of Financial Intermediaries

This article tracks the changes to the New Zealand legal framework on financial intermediaries from 2008. It postulates that the reforms of financial adviser law and the upcoming licensing regimes for providers of market services will vastly improve the legal framework for financial intermediaries in New Zealand and lift it to international standards. A key feature is the active role of the FMA, the new market conduct regulator in charge of oversight of the new regimes.
Change detection in boreal forests using bi-temporal aerial photographs

Increased need for timely forest information is leading to continuous updating of stand databases. In continuous updating, stand attributes are estimated in the field after an operation and stored in databases. To find the changes caused by operations and forest damage, a semi-automatic method based on bi-temporal aerial photographs was developed. The test data were classified into three classes: No-change (952 stands), Moderate-change (163 stands) and Considerable-change (44 stands). The aerial photographs were acquired in years 2001 and 2004 with almost the same image specifications. Altogether 110 features at stand level were extracted and used in change detection analysis. The test data were classified with stepwise discriminant analysis. The overall accuracy of classification varied between 75.3 and 84.7%. The considerable changes were found without error, whereas the Moderate-change and No-change classes were often confused. However, 84.2% of thinned stands were classified correctly. The best accuracy in classification was obtained by using the histogram and textural features extracted from the original, uncorrected images. Radiometric correction did not improve the accuracy of classification. Soil type, characteristics of the growing stock and the location of a stand in an image were found to affect the change detection. Before the method can be applied operationally, issues related to, e.g., confusion between No-change and Moderate-change must be solved.
Near-field superdirectivity for coupled dimers of meta-atoms

We present new results relating far-field and near-field superdirectivity for a dimer endfire array in which only one of the meta-atoms is excited. We deduce conditions for achieving superdirectivity in terms of structure parameters (distances between meta-atoms, their quality factors and the values of mutual coupling) and show that the required sets of parameters are different for far-field and near-field superdirectivity. Our results are relevant to medical imaging applications such as MRI and associated technologies.
The Practice of Outsourcing: From Information Systems to BPO and Offshoring

This book details nearly 20 years of research into the outsourcing phenomenon, and is companion to the earlier Palgrave volume Information Systems and Outsourcing: Studies in Theory and Practice. Using an unparalleled database of over 650 longitudinal case studies the authors document and analyses outsourcing’s rise prominence in the 1990s, pinpointing trends, practices and lessons. It finds that many of the so-called ‘strategic alliances’ of this period tended to be straightforward ‘fee-for-service contracts in practice. The book develops critieria for making sourcing decisions, and provides details of the practices that work, and those that do not. The authors then detail developments in the IT, business process and offshore outsourcing service markets from 2000 on. They show that, against a background of growth in global revenues, outsourcing provided real promise on costs and service, new models, but also new challenges to client organizations and suppliers alike. Based on their research work, the authors point to thirteen future global sourcing trends from 2009-14. The book documents how organizations have been learning, experientially, and often painfully, how to manage back office outsourcing. But the increased size, importance, complexity of the phenomena, and the risks they engender, suggest that in the next phase, already started in some organizations discussed in the book, research will be into how organizations seek to provide leadership in outsourcing. For the authors, this shift will be a necessary one if governance, control, flexibility and superior business performance are to be outsourcing’s consequences.
Activin-A inhibits proopiomelanocortin messenger RNA accumulation and adrenocorticotropin secretion of AtT20 cells.

The complexity of corticotropic cell regulation by multiple central and peripheral factors is well recognized. The present study provides evidence for the participation of an additional factor in the regulation of this cell type of the anterior pituitary. Using the clonal AtT20 cell line as a model for corticotropes, homodimeric activin-A was observed to suppress basal ACTH secretion and POMC mRNA accumulation by approximately 50%. These effects required prolonged treatment with activin-A and were concentration dependent; the half-maximum concentration was in the range of 30-50 pM. Consistently, AtT20 cells were found to express specific high affinity binding sites for [125I]activin-A. The simultaneous addition of inhibin-A along with increasing concentrations of activin-A did not alter the characteristics of the inhibition of ACTH secretion by activin-A alone. This is in contrast to observations with gonadotropes of the anterior pituitary as well as a number of other cell types in which inhibin-A can partially antagonize the biological actions of activin-A. The results may suggest the participation of a subclass of activin receptors that mediate effects on ACTH secretion and POMC mRNA accumulation. As previously shown, the incubation of AtT20 cells with a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, attenuated basal ACTH secretion and POMC expression in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition of both of these parameters by activin-A, however, was independent of glucocorticoids, because the two agents were additive in their actions. In addition to effects on secretion and mRNA levels, treatment with activin-A also inhibited the rate of proliferation of AtT20 cells. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Population distribution of stereoscopic ability

Of 188 unselected biology students participating in one or both of two tests measuring stereoscopic depth detection ability. 183 (97.3%) were able to see a depth difference at horizontal disparities of 2.3 min arc or smaller. At least 80% could detect depth differences at 30 sec arc disparity. These findings indicate the most people are able to take advantage of the increasing utilization of stereoscopic displays.
Unlisted Securities Market

Access to the new issue market - small firms and the issuing process financial analysis of the quotation decision new entrants to British new equity markets the significance of administrative costs debt management by companies entering the Unlisted Securities Market the pricing of new issues on the USM secondary markets - alternatives and parallels firms' quotation experience - the implications for corporate policy.
HSPC111 Governs Breast Cancer Growth by Regulating Ribosomal Biogenesis

Activation of c-Myc plays a decisive role in the development of many human cancers. As a transcription factor, c-Myc facilitates cell growth and proliferation by directly transcribing a multitude of targets, including rRNAs and ribosome proteins. However, how to elucidate the deregulation of rRNAs and ribosome proteins driven by c-Myc in cancer remains a significant challenge and thus warrants close investigation. In this report, a crucial role for the HSPC111 (NOP16) multiprotein complex in governing ribosomal biogenesis and tumor growth was determined. It was discovered that enhanced HSPC111 expression paralleled the upregulation of c-Myc and was directly regulated by c-Myc in breast cancer cells. Knockdown of HSPC111 dramatically reduced the occurrence of tumorigenesis in vivo, and largely restrained tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In stark contrast, HSPC111 overexpression significantly promoted tumor cell growth. Biochemically, it was demonstrated that RNA 3′-phosphate cyclase (RTCD1/RTCA) interacted with HSPC111, and RTCD1 was involved in the HSPC111 multiprotein complex in regulating rRNA production and ribosomal biogenesis. Moreover, HSPC111 and RTCD1 synergistically modulated cell growth and cellular size through commanding rRNA synthesis and ribosome assembly coupled to protein production. Finally, overall survival analysis revealed that concomitant upregulation of HSPC111 and RTCD1 correlated with the worst prognosis in a breast cancer cohort. Implications: Inhibition of HSPC111-dependent ribosomal biosynthesis and protein synthesis is a promising therapeutic strategy to diminish breast cancer tumor progression. Mol Cancer Res; 12(4); 583–94. ©2014 AACR.