Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of effective emissions modeling and computation

Abstract. An important issue in the evaluation of the environmental impact of emissions from concentrated sources such as transport modes, is to understand how processes occurring at the scales of exhaust plumes can influence the physical and chemical state of the atmosphere at regional and global scales. Indeed, three-dimensional global circulation models or chemistry transport models generally assume that emissions are instantaneously diluted into large-scale grid boxes, which may lead, for example, to overpredict the efficiency of NOx to produce ozone. In recent times, various methods have been developed to incorporate parameterizations of plume processes into global models that are based e.g. on correcting the original emission indexes or on introducing "subgrid" reaction rates in the models. This paper provides a review of the techniques proposed so far in the literature to account for local conversion of emissions in the plume, as well as the implementation of these techniques into atmospheric codes.
Accidental and experimental salinomycin poisoning in rabbits 1

Peixoto P.V. , Nogueira V.A. , Gonzaléz A.P., Tokarnia C.H. & França T.N. 2009. Accidental and experimental salinomycin poisoning in rabbits. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(9):695-699. Projeto Sanidade Animal Embrapa/UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: pfpeixoto@terra.com. br An outbreak of salinomycin poisoning in rabbits is described. At least 27 out of 2,000 rabbits reared on a farm died after the coccidiostatic drug sulfaquinoxaline was substituted by salinomycin in the feed. An average of 26.9ppm salinomycin was detected in the ration given to the rabbits. Clinical signs included anorexia, apathy and bradykinesia, which progressed to incoordination and recumbency. Gross lesions consisted of pale areas in the skeletal muscles. The histopathological findings showed severe necrotic degenerative myopathy in association with infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. One rabbit exhibited similar alterations in the myocardium. Mineralization was observed in the affected skeletal muscles in some cases. In order to verify if the poisoning was due to salinomycin, 20 rabbits were divided into five groups and a ration containing the drug at doses of 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100ppm was given. The administration of doses higher than 50ppm resulted in manifestation of the clinical signs seen in the outbreak of poisoning. It was concluded, that probably an error related to the mixture of salinomycin in the feed was the cause of deaths in the spontaneous outbreak of poisoning on the rabbit farm.
Mapping fine‐scale urban housing prices by fusing remotely sensed imagery and social media data

The accurate mapping of urban housing prices at a fine scale is essential to policymaking and urban studies, such as adjusting economic factors and determining reasonable levels of residential subsidies. Previous studies focus mainly on housing price analysis at a macro scale, without fine‐scale study due to a lack of available data and effective models. By integrating a convolutional neural network for united mining (UMCNN) and random forest (RF), this study proposes an effective deep‐learning‐based framework for fusing multi‐source geospatial data, including high spatial resolution (HSR) remotely sensed imagery and several types of social media data, and maps urban housing prices at a very fine scale. With the collected housing price data from China's biggest online real estate market, we produced the spatial distribution of housing prices at a spatial resolution of 5 m in Shenzhen, China. By comparing with eight other multi‐source data mining techniques, the UMCNN obtained the highest housing price simulation accuracy (Pearson R = 0.922, OA = 85.82%). The results also demonstrated a complex spatial heterogeneity inside Shenzhen's housing price distribution. In future studies, we will work continuously on housing price policymaking and residential issues by including additional sources of spatial data.
Microfluidic Production of Multiple Emulsions

Microfluidic devices are promising tools for the production of monodispersed tuneable complex emulsions. This review highlights the advantages of microfluidics for the fabrication of emulsions and presents an overview of the microfluidic emulsification methods including two-step and single-step methods for the fabrication of high-order multiple emulsions (double, triple, quadruple and quintuple) and emulsions with multiple and/or multi-distinct inner cores. The microfluidic methods for the formation of multiple emulsion drops with ultra-thin middle phase, multi-compartment jets, and Janus and ternary drops composed of two or three distinct surface regions are also presented. Different configurations of microfluidic drop makers are covered, such as co-flow, T-junctions and flow focusing (both planar and three-dimensional (3D)). Furthermore, surface modifications of microfluidic channels and different modes of droplet generation are summarized. Non-confined microfluidic geometries used for buoyancy-driven drop generation and membrane integrated microfluidics are also discussed. The review includes parallelization and drop splitting strategies for scaling up microfluidic emulsification. The productivity of a single drop maker is typically <1 mL/h; thus, more than 1000 drop makers are needed to achieve commercially relevant droplet throughputs of >1 L/h, which requires combining drop makers into two-dimensional (2D) and 3D assemblies fed from a single set of inlet ports through a network of distribution and collection channels.
Ambiguity aversion and heterogeneity in financial markets : An empirical and theoretical perspective

The financial crisis has warned modelers and policy makers about the inadequacy of existing macroeconomic models in explaining financial facts and in supporting the analysis of policies’ impact. This thesis assesses the contribution of assuming heterogeneity among investors and deviation from the rational expectations framework in order to explain the complex interlinkages between macroeconomic aggregates and financial risk. Chapter 2 provides an empirical analysis of a representative-investor consumption based asset pricing model with recursive ambiguity adverse preferences. Chapter 3 assesses the theoretical implications of ambiguity averse preference in the presence of time-varying perceived risk. Finally, the last chapter presents an asset pricing model with heterogeneous ambiguity attitudes showing that their interaction is able to reproduce the waves of optimism and pessimism observed in the asset prices series.
Navigating the Streams and Currents of an Emerging Institutional Form: The Causes and Effects of a Community College S.T.E.M. Coalition

Increasingly, colleges and universities are partnering with private, non-profit, and government organizations in order to generate revenue, develop academic programs, transfer research to market, and gain legitimacy (Anderson, 2001; Etzkowitz & Lvdesdorff, 1997; Slaughter & Leslie, 1997; Slaughter & Rhoades, 2004). While research exploring this phenomenon in universities has produced several important works, fewer studies have examined partnerships centered on the community college. Instead, the bulk of articles written about community college partnerships merely serve as how-to guides for college leaders, providing the benefits of and lessons learned from specific partnerships between colleges and industry (Erwin, 2005; Sundberg, 2002). The purpose of this case study is to provide an in-depth, critical analysis of a complex partnership involving many organizations in a unique geographic setting. The study focuses on the community college at the center of a regional STEM education coalition, exploring why the college entered into the partnership and how it was affected. Findings demonstrate that several factors at the state and national level, or “streams,” combined to form a powerful “current” of influence uniquely tailored to the community in which the college was located. Further, the loose and informal structure of the coalition, coupled with a myopic and hegemonic institutional narrative, allowed individuals outside the college to guide and direct the activities of the institution with relatively little dissent. Because of the lack of orchestrated inter-organizational coordination and agreement, the objective of the coalition, to develop a pipeline of STEM education programs from high school through the university, suffered from challenges
Association of Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CASR rs 1801725) with Colorectal Cancer

Article history: Received: 20 Aug 2011 Accepted: 10 Oct 2011 Available online: 25 Dec 2011 Background: Calcium induces apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and subsequently prevents colorectal cancer through ion calcium receptor. Calcium-sensing receptor mutation reduces the expression of this receptor, and subsequently in reduces calcium transportation. Many studies have shown that Calcium-sensing receptor gene polymorphism may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of calcium-sensing receptor polymorphisms (rs 1801725) in Iran society and to examine the role of this polymorphism in the increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: The research was a case-control study. 105 patients with colorectal cancer and 105 controls were randomly studied using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. χ test and software 16SPSS were used for statistical analysis. Results: In patient samples, the frequency of the genotypes TT, GT, GG in gene CASR rs 1801725 was respectively 64.8, 32.4, and 2.9 and the frequency of this polymorphism in control samples was respectively 51.2, 45.7, and 2.9. Frequency of allele G in patient samples was 0/48 and frequency of allele T was 0.25. In addition, Frequency of allele G in control samples was 0.74 and Frequency of allele T was calculated 0.19. Conclusion: The results show that calcium-sensing receptor variant (1801725 rs) is not associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. Copyright © 2012 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Culture and the Regulation of Entry

Does culture affect the manner in which a society regulates the entry of new firms? Our results suggest it does. We find more individualistic countries regulate entry more lightly. We investigate how culture matters presenting evidence of significant interactions between individualism and formal legal and political institutions. Individualism has a greater impact on entry regulation in societies with democratic political institutions or a common law tradition. This outcome is consistent with the idea that culture influences social preference for regulation, and political and legal institutions determine the degree to which those preferences are expressed as policy outcomes.
Socially Aware Caching Strategy in Device-to-Device Communication Networks

As a response to the challenge of data traffic explosion in wireless networks, content caching in device-to-device (D2D) communication networks has emerged as a promising solution. However, in practical deployment, D2D content caching has its own problems. In particular, not all of the user devices are willing to share the content with others due to numerous concerns, such as security, battery life, and social relationship. In this paper, we consider the factor of social relationship in the deployment of D2D content caching. First, we apply stochastic geometry theory to derive an analytical expression of downloading performance for the D2D caching network. Specifically, a social relationship model with respect to the physical distance is adopted in our analysis to obtain the average download delay performance using random and deterministic caching strategies. Second, to achieve a better performance in more practical and specific scenarios, we develop a socially aware distributed caching strategy based on a decentralized learning automaton, to optimize the cache placement operation in D2D networks. Different from the existing caching schemes, the proposed algorithm not only considers the file request probability and the closeness of devices as measured by their physical distance but also takes into account the social relationship between D2D users. Our simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can converge quickly and outperforms the random and deterministic caching strategies. With these results, our work sheds insights on the design of D2D caching in the practical deployment of 5G networks.
Hypocrea/Trichoderma species with pachybasium-like conidiophores: teleomorphs for T. minutisporum and T. polysporum and their newly discovered relatives

We describe or redescribe species of Hypocrea/Trichoderma (Ascomycetes, Hypocreales) having hyaline ascospores and pachybasium-like conidiophores. Teleomorphs are reported for Trichoderma minutisporum (Hypocrea minutispora sp. nov.) and T. polysporum (H. pachybasioides). Hypocrea pilulifera/T. piluliferum is redescribed. Trichoderma croceum is synonymized with T. polysporum. The new species H. parapilulifera, H. stellata and H. lacuwombatensis are described. All of these species fall within the morphological concept of Trichoderma sect. Pachybasium and within the phylogenetic group pachybasium B5 of Kullnig-Gradinger et al (2002). Parsimony analysis of nucleotide sequences from three unlinked loci—ITS1 and 2, endochitinase (ech42) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1)—detects two distinct phylogenetic lineages within the group pachybasium B5. One comprises H. pachybasioides/T. polysporum, H. pilulifera/T. piluliferum, H. parapilulifera and H. stellata; this group, the “polysporum” lineage, is characterized by having conidia that are white in mass and is the only lineage within Hypocrea characterized by such conidia. The second group includes the green conidial T. minutisporum and H. lacuwombatensis. The partition homogeneity test reveals significant recombination within the “polysporum” lineage but not within the “minutisporum” lineage.
Sowing Quality Indicators for a Seed Drill With Overpressure

The main goal of sowing is the distribution of seeds at an optimal depth with adequate seed spacings. The results of the optimal sowing, in both horizontal and vertical directions, are better germination and sprouting, as well as increased yield and reduced influence of plants on each other's space for growing, regarding the available light, nutrients and moisture. Quality of horizontal and vertical seed distribution is influenced by the distance between rows, sowing depth, pre-sowing preparation, seed drill, seeding mechanism, sowing density, and operator's skills.The arithmetic mean of spacing (Am), standard deviation for spacings between the plants (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) are usually used for representation of sowing evenness. Assuming that the seeds are of good germination quality, the yield is directly dependent on the sowing quality and organization of plants per unit of surface area.A well prepared plot was sown with 20 corn seed hybrids from different FAO maturity groups. The sowing was performed with precision pneumatic seed drill INO Becker Aeromat 2, which ejects individual seeds by using the overpressure. After sprouting, no statistically significant differences were found between the sowing of hybrids from different FAO maturity groups and their characteristics. When the yield is concerned, biological characteristics of hybrids are much more influential than the quality of sowing. This is true only if the tractor implement for wide row planting is properly adjusted.
Electronic structures and spin states of BaFe 2 As 2 and SrFe 2 As 2 probed by x-ray emission spectroscopy at Fe and As K -absorption edges

Hitoshi Yamaoka,1,* Yoshiya Yamamoto,2 Jung-Fu Lin,3,4 Junjie J. Wu,3,4 Xiancheng Wang,5 Changqing Jin,5 Masahiro Yoshida,2,† Seiichiro Onari,6 Shigeyuki Ishida,7 Yoshinori Tsuchiya,7 Nao Takeshita,7 Nozomu Hiraoka,8 Hirofumi Ishii,8 Ku-Ding Tsuei,8 Paul Chow,9 Yuming Xiao,9 and Jun’ichiro Mizuki2 1RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan 2Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan 3Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA 4Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China 5Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 6Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan 7National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan 8National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan 9HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA (Received 25 June 2017; revised manuscript received 24 July 2017; published 22 August 2017)
The Power of Genetic Algorithms: what remains of the pMSSM?

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are explored as a tool for probing new physics with high dimensionality. We study the 19-dimensional pMSSM, including experimental constraints from all sources and assessing the consistency of potential signals of new physics. We show that GAs excel at making a fast and accurate diagnosis of the cross-compatibility of a set of experimental constraints in such high dimensional models. In the case of the pMSSM, it is found that only ${\cal O}(10^4)$ model evaluations are required to obtain a best fit point in agreement with much more costly MCMC scans. This efficiency allows higher dimensional models to be falsified, and patterns in the spectrum identified, orders of magnitude more quickly. As examples of falsification, we consider the muon anomalous magnetic moment, and the Galactic Centre gamma-ray excess observed by Fermi-LAT, which could in principle be explained in terms of neutralino dark matter. We show that both observables cannot be explained within the pMSSM, and that they provide the leading contribution to the total goodness of the fit, with $\chi^2_{\delta a_\mu^{\mathrm{SUSY}}}\approx12$ and $\chi^2_{\rm GCE}\approx 155$, respectively.
Feeding Value of Maize Stover Treated with Urea or Urea Molasses for Hararghe Highland Sheep

The experimental animals were sorted into five blocks based on the initial weight and assigned randomly to four treatments; namely, untreated maize stover ad libitum (T1); urea treated maize stover (UTMS) ad libitum (T2); urea-molasses treated maize stover (UMTMS) ad libitum (T3); all of which were supplemented with 300g concentrate mix of wheat bran (WB) and noug seed cake (NSC) at the ratio of 2:1 and only urea-molasses treated maize stover ad libitum (T4). Feeding trial was carried out for ninety days and digestibility trial for seven days following 3 days of adaptation to the metabolic cage and carrying the fecal collection bag.
Streaming Tensor Factorization for Infinite Data Sources

Sparse tensor factorization is a popular tool in multi-way data analysis and is used in applications such as cybersecurity, recommender systems, and social network analysis. In many of these applications, the tensor is not known a priori and instead arrives in a streaming fashion for a potentially unbounded amount of time. Existing approaches for streaming sparse tensors are not practical for unbounded streaming because they rely on maintaining the full factorization of the data, which grows linearly with time. In this work, we present CP-stream, an algorithm for streaming factorization in the model of the canonical polyadic decomposition which does not grow linearly in time or space, and is thus practical for long-term streaming. Additionally, CP-stream incorporates user-specified constraints such as non-negativity which aid in the stability and interpretability of the factorization. An evaluation of CP-stream demonstrates that it converges faster than state-of-the-art streaming algorithms while achieving lower reconstruction error by an order of magnitude. We also evaluate it on real-world sparse datasets and demonstrate its usability in both network traffic analysis and discussion tracking. Our evaluation uses exclusively public datasets and our source code is released to the public as part of SPLATT, an open source high-performance tensor factorization toolkit.
The Incentive Effects of Tournaments with Positive Externalities among Workers

Much recent research concerning work incentives has analyzed tournaments, or contests between workers for rewards based on a comparison of their relative performance [3; 5; 8; 9; 12]. Bull, Schotter and Weigelt [2, 2] argue that tournaments are empirically pervasive, characterizing incentives for many salespeople competing for bonuses, managers vying for high-level positions, academics striving for limited tenured positions, and politicians whose election hinges on relative votes received. Contrarily, Nalebuff and Stiglitz [12, 40] suggest that tournaments are rare. For example, many employees face incentives produced by upward-sloping age-earnings profiles [6], individual piece rates, profit sharing, or group bonus schemes [14], or potential firing [11]. Responding to this lack of agreement over the pervasiveness of tournaments, recent theoretical research has begun to identify circumstances where tournaments fail or succeed. The corpus of such work generalizes the conditions under which tournaments are optimal. For example, tournaments can respond effectively to common environmental shocks to productivity [5; 12], heterogeneous workers [13], employee and employer moral hazard problems [3], monitoring difficulties [9], and inefficiencies associated with firing as an incentive [11]. Less work has addressed circumstances where tournaments may fail, the question which concerns us here. To date, three circumstances where tournaments fail have been identified. First, as Lazear and Rosen noted in their seminal article on tournaments, such incentives fail if individual effort can be measured perfectly or precisely inferred from output. As they put it, a "difference of opinion is necessary for a horse race" [8, 845]. If the winner is known before the race, only the winner will run, and slowly at that. Second, Lazear [7] analyzes circumstances where agents can engage in sabotage, or increase the probability of winning by reducing their opponent's measured output. Tournaments then fail because the saboteur can reduce his or her own output while
Early Intervention in the Neurodevelopment of Premature Infants during the First Six Months of Life

Objective: Measure the effects of Early Intervention ad modum Katona (EI-K) in high-risk premature infants by means of clinical, neurobehavioral, and neurophysiologic tests. Method: We used the Amiel-Tison neurologic examination, the Bayley Scale of Infant Behavior, and electroencephalography (EEG) recordings at 42 weeks of conceptional age, and after 6 months of treatment EI-K (n = 14) and compared these results with those of a group of infants without early intervention (nEI) (n = 11). Results: We found better performance of infants in EI-K than nEI group after 6 months of treatment in neurologic and behavioral examination measurements, but found no differences in EEG comparisons. Conclusion: Our data suggest significant benefit of the use of EI-K program over n-EI in the neurologic and neurobe-havior examinations of premature infants after 6 months of age.