Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment Outcomes of Single- Versus Double-Row Repair for Larger Than Medium-Sized Rotator Cuff Tears

Background: In rotator cuff repair, no practical guidelines exist for deciding which technique is the most beneficial to outcomes. Purpose: To determine which of 2 repair techniques, the single-row (SR) and double-row suture bridge (DR-SB) methods, leads to better therapeutic outcomes in terms of remnant tendon length in patients with larger than medium-sized cuff tears. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Remnant tendon length, muscle atrophy, and fatty degeneration were measured on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 78 patients with larger than medium-sized rotator cuff tears who were available for follow-up MRI. There were 30 patients with remnant tendons <10 mm in length (group 1) and 48 with remnant tendons ≥10 mm in length (group 2). In group 1, the SR technique was performed on 17 patients and the DR-SB technique on 13 patients. In group 2, the SR technique was performed on 16 patients and the DR-SB technique on 32 patients. The mean follow-up period for all patients was 26.6 months (range, 24-42 months). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Constant, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores. Results: In group 1, there was 1 retear (6%) with the SR repair and 6 (46%) with the DR-SB repair. In group 2, there were 3 retears (19%) with the SR repair and 2 (6%) with the DR-SB repair. The retear rate was significantly higher in patients with the DR-SB repair in group 1 (P = .025), while there was no significant difference between the 2 techniques in group 2 (P = .316). The UCLA and Constant scores were significantly higher in patients with the SR repair in group 1 (P = .02 and P = .029, respectively), and the UCLA and ASES scores were significantly higher in patients with the DR-SB repair in group 2 (P < .001 and P = .001, respectively). Conclusion: Remnant tendon length should be considered to improve repair integrity. The SR technique may provide superior rotator cuff integrity when remnant tendons are <10 mm in length.
Asset Correlations in Turbulent Markets and the Impact of Different Regimes on Asset Management

In this article, the dependence structure of the asset classes stocks, government bonds, and corporate bonds in different market environments and its implications on asset management are investigated for the US, European, and Asian market. Asset returns are modelled by a Markov-switching model which allows for two market regimes with completely different risk-return structures. Using major stock indices from all three regions, calm and turbulent market periods are identified for the time period between 1987 and 2009 and the correlation structures in the respective periods are compared. It turns out that the correlations between as well as within the asset classes under investigation are far from being stable and vary significantly between calm and turbulent market periods as well as in time. It also turns out that the US and European markets are much more integrated than the Asian and US/European ones. Moreover, the Asian market features more and longer turbulence phases. Finally, the impact of these findings is examined in a portfolio optimization context. To accomplish this, a case study using the mean-variance and the mean-conditional-value-at-risk framework as well as two levels of risk aversion is conducted. The results show that an explicit consideration of different market conditions in the modelling framework yields better portfolio performance as well as lower portfolio risk compared to standard approaches. These findings hold true for all investigated optimization frameworks and risk-aversion levels.
The process of habituation to treadmill walking at different velocities.

Eighteen young adult male subjects, who were naive to treadmill walking were walked for ten minutes on a motorised treadmill. The subjects were split into three groups with the six subjects in each group walking at a given relative speed. The use of relative speed factors out stature differences which are known to affect walking velocity. The relative speeds chosen were 0-55 (slow), 0-86 (normal) and 1-2 (fast) statures s-1. The angular kinematics and temporal aspects of gait were analysed to determine at which point in the exposure to treadmill walking a stable walking pattern was achieved. The results showed that there was an initial, rapid accommodiation to the new modality followed by a longer more gradual habituation. However even after ten minutes of treadmill walking a steady state had not been achieved in any of the groups.
Involvement of leukocytic proteases in emphysema and antitrypsin deficiency.

Evidence is presented to support the postulate that leukocytic proteases may be intimately involved in pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema associated with antitrypsin deficiency. Leukocytic proteases extracted from purulent sputum are capable of digesting human and animal lung tissues, and this enzymatic activity is strongly inhibited by the antitrypsin from normal serum. Lung tissue may have affinity for binding antitrypsin from serum and this may have some therapeutic implications. Two mechanisms are described whereby antitrypsin deficiency develops: (1) a block in the release of an abnormal antitrypsin from the liver cell and (2) increased lability of the abnormal antitrypsin molecule in the serum. Both of these mechanisms could account for the most severe deficiencies of serum antitrypsin, but increased lability alone may result in the milder deficiency states associated with some variants of the antitrypsin molecule.
κ-Casein gene polymorphisms in riverine and swamp buffalo in Indonesia.

Kappa-casein (κ-casein) gene is known as a gene that plays a role in controlling milk protein andalso play a crucial role in the coagulation and curdling of milk. This study was aimed to identifypolymorphisms of the κ-Casein gene of local buffaloes in Indonesia. A total number of 40 heads ofriverine buffalo and 250 heads of swamp buffalo. This study used PCR-RFLP method, whichamplification of the κ-Casein gene resulted an amplicon with length of 157 bp, located in exon 4. Theamplified fragment were digested with EcoRV restriction enzyme, which cut the κ-Casein gene in exon4 at nucleotides of GAT|ATC, revealed the presence of one polymorphism at the base position of 23 bpthat occurs with a substitution of Ile (ATC) of the T genetic variant into Thr (ACC) of the C geneticvariant. Genotyping κ-Casein gene in riverine buffalo produced two types of allele, namely C allele (157bp) and T allele (136 and 21 bp). These two alleles resulted in three types of genotypes, namely CC, CT,and TT. Frequency of the C allele was dominant to T allele. κ-Casein gene in swamp buffalo wasmonomorphic with one allele, namely C allele. Heterozygosity value of riverine and swamp buffaloeswere low. PIC value in riverine and swamp buffalo ranged 0.000-0.288. Fixation index of κ-Casein genein riverine buffalo was low (Siborong-borong SBBC = -0,0036; Deli Serdang = -0.025), but in swampbuffalo was in fixation. This study showed that κ-Casein|EcoRV were polymorphic in riverine buffaloand monomorphic in swamp buffalo.
Public-to-Private Buyouts and Innovation

We study the effect of public-to-private buyout transactions on investments in innovation using an international sample over the 1997-2017 period. We use patent counts and citations to proxy for the quantity, quality, and economic importance of innovation. Our results are based on time analysis and matched sample regressions. The data indicate that buyouts are associated with a significant reduction in patents and patent citations, including a reduction in radical (i.e., more scientific) patents. When we split the sample into institutional and management buyouts, the negative effect of buyouts is confirmed only for institutional buyouts. This suggests that only institutional buyouts prevent target firms from adopting long-term investments. This finding is confirmed by reductions in innovator employment and innovation efficiency subsequent to going private. Moreover, the data indicate that the negative effect is most prevalent for transactions where the cost of the deal’s debt financing is higher than that of the debt post-buyout. We rule out some alternative explanations for these findings, including but not limited to outliers, truncation bias, and endogeneity.
Frontline employee authenticity and its influence upon adaptive selling outcomes

Purpose Frontline employee authenticity has been investigated in relation to both potentially positive and negative outcomes, but largely from the employee perspective. The current paper aims to investigate frontline authenticity in a sales/service context from the customer perspective, specifically examining the influence of adaptive selling in relation to a customer’s perception of salesperson authenticity. Effects on customer’s perceptions of final benefits and value are examined. Design/methodology/approach Survey data collected from customers of an insurance firm in South Korea were used to investigate the proposed model. Customer perceptions of salesperson adaptive selling, authenticity, key benefits delivered and organizational value provision were all captured. Findings The results suggest that authenticity does indeed positively influence perceptions of beneficial outcomes related to a transaction with a salesperson. These benefits then fully mediate the linkage from adaptive selling to a customer’s perceived value, gained from the salesperson’s organization. Research limitations/implications The collection of data from only the customer’s perspective is both a strength and a weakness. Although all of the key variables investigated are important to evaluate via the lens of the customer, such a data collection always introduces the potential problem of common method bias. Practical implications Managers should be aware of the importance of a salesperson behaving in an authentic manner. Although many frontline contexts have desired and scripted narratives for interacting with customers, deriving key benefits through the customers’ eyes may come more strongly by allowing the frontline employee to act naturally. Originality/value Authenticity has been investigated in managerial and brand contexts, but an understanding of its importance in a frontline context is in its early stages. Similarly, the importance of understanding conditions that moderate the effectiveness of adaptive selling is consistent with calls in the literature.
Survivors’ experiences of return to work following cancer: A photovoice study

Background. For many working-age cancer survivors, return to work represents a quality-of-life indicator. However, there is currently a lack of resources to assist survivors with navigating this process. Purpose. As a first step toward informing resources to address this gap, 10 female survivors’ return-to-work experiences were explored. Method. Photovoice methods were combined with interviews. Photographs and text were analyzed to identify key themes. Findings. Return to work was psychosocially motivated. Survivors independently decided if they would take leave and, if so, when they would return to work. Successful work reintegration was characterized as respectful, collaborative, and customized to each survivor’s ongoing limitations and variable recovery. Implications. The findings underscore a holistic, client-centred, and collaborative approach to successful return to work with cancer survivors. Occupational therapists, with their vocational rehabilitation knowledge and responsive practice philosophy, are well positioned to address this gap in survivorship support. Description. Pour de nombreuses personnes en âge de travailler ayant survécu à un cancer, le retour au travail représente un indicateur de la qualité de vie. Cependant, on constate actuellement un manque de ressources pour accompagner les survivants tout au long de ce processus. But. Dans une première étape visant à orienter les ressources en vue d’aborder cette lacune, les expériences vécues par 10 survivantes face à leur retour au travail ont été explorées. Méthodologie. Des méthodes photovoice ont été combinées à des entrevues, puis des photographies et des textes ont été analysés en vue de dégager les principaux thèmes. Résultats. Le retour au travail a été influencé par des facteurs psychosociaux. Les survivantes avaient décidé de manière autonome si elles souhaitaient s’absenter du travail, et si c’était le cas, elles aussi avaient décidé du moment où elles retourneraient au travail. La réintégration au travail réussie était décrite comme étant respectueuse, axée sur la collaboration et adaptée aux limitations et au rythme de rétablissement variable de chaque survivante. Conséquences. Les résultats mettent en évidence l’importance d’offrir une approche globale, collaborative et centrée sur la personne pour favoriser la réintégration au travail des survivants d’un cancer. Compte tenu de leurs connaissances sur la réadaptation professionnelle et de leur philosophie de la pratique adaptée aux besoins de la personne, les ergothérapeutes sont dans une position idéale pour aborder le manque de soutien aux survivants d’un cancer.
Activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways after soman poisoning in rat cerebellar granule neurons

The expression of activated p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and activated MAPK transcription factors c‐jun, c‐myc and elk‐1 were examined in rat cerebellum after soman poisoning to determine the pathogenetic mechanism of the non‐specific long‐term effects of nerve agents. Male Wistar rats were poisoned by intramuscular administration of soman at a dose 60 µg kg−1 (70% LD50) and samples were taken 1, 7 and 14 days after poisoning, immunohistochemically stained and p‐p38MAPK, p‐c‐jun, p‐c‐myc and p‐elk‐1 expressions were measured using image analysis. Control groups were administered with saline instead of soman. The expression of activated p38MAPK and c‐myc increased 14 days after soman poisoning while c‐jun and elk‐1 expressions remained unchanged 1, 7 and 14 days after soman poisoning. Delayed activation of p38 MAPK and its targets might be involved in the pathogenetic mechanism of the long‐term neurophysiological toxic effects of nerve agents. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceived parental rearing practices in depressed patients in relation to social class

ABSTRACT– The occurrence of possible differences in rearing practices related to social class has been investigated in a series of 125 depressed patients by means of a special intentory ‐ the EMBU ‐ con‐structured by our group. Three factors derived from the EMBU in the course of previous studies: “rejection”, “emotional warmth”, ”over‐protection” have been taken into account. The rearing practices experienced by subjects belonging to different social classes did not differ concerning “emotional warmth”. On the other hand, subjects belonging to the higher social classes scored their parents higher on the variables “rejection” and “overprotection”. Since “emotional warmth” proved in an earlier study to discriminate between depressives and healthy controls, it is concluded that the difference cannot have been biased by possible differences in social class.
Endurance time and fatigue in static contractions.

The relationship between force level of isometric contraction and time until three indices of muscular fatigue was studied for the elbow flexors, shoulder abductors, and knee extensors in five males. Endurance tasks were performed at randomly assigned contraction levels of 5,10,15, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). The relative force (F % MVC)-time (T min) curves were fitted to the following equation; log T= a+b log (F-k). In the endurance time the constants k, a and b in the most fitted equation were 0, 4.33, and -2.52 for the elbow flexors, 0, 2.18, and -1.29 for the shoulder abductors, and 8, 1.96, and -1.23 for the knee extensors, respectively. In the time of pain appearance these values were 0, 3.33, and -1.99 for the elbow flexors, 0, 1.69, and -1.10 for the shoulder abductors, and 8, 1.35, and -0.96 for the knee extensors, respectively. In the time of tiredness appearance these were 0, 3.14, and -2.21 for the elbow flexors, 0, 1.20, and -0.96 for the shoulder abductors, and 3, 1.58, and -1.33 for the knee extensors, respectively.
Immersive virtual eating and conditioned food responses

The objective of this research is to explore the use of Virtual Reality (VR) on food cravings and to introduce a new technique for eliciting eating behavioral changes with the use of VR. The research is comprised of two user studies: one exploring the effects of olfactory cues and active participation in VR on food cravings, and the implementation of the proposed “Redirected Eating” (RE) technique. RE is a method of superimposing virtual visual and olfactory properties onto tracked physical food in VR. These virtual properties can be manipulated to make the users believe that the physical food that they are eating has different properties. These manipulations are then sought to be used to gradually change the food-related behavior of the user towards more healthy food choices.
How to assess the relative importance of different colonization routes of pathogens within hospital settings

The emergence of antibiotic resistance among nosocomial pathogens has reemphasized the need for effective infection control strategies. The spread of resistant pathogens within hospital settings proceeds along various routes of transmission and is characterized by large fluctuations in prevalence, which are typical for small populations. Identification of the most important route of colonization (exogenous by cross-transmission or endogenous caused by the selective pressure of antibiotics) is important for the design of optimal infection control strategies. Such identification can be based on a combination of epidemiological surveillance and costly and laborious as well as time-consuming methods of genotyping. Furthermore, analysis of the effects of interventions is hampered by the natural fluctuations in prevalence. To overcome these problems, we introduce a mathematical algorithm based on a Markov chain description. The input is longitudinal prevalence data only. The output is estimates of the key parameters characterizing the two colonization routes. The algorithm is tested on two longitudinal surveillance data sets of intensive care patients. The quality of the estimates is determined by comparing them to accurate estimates based on additional information obtained by genotyping. The results warrant optimism that this algorithm may help to quantify transmission dynamics and can be used to evaluate the effects of infection control interventions more carefully.
A Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label, Non-Comparative Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Tolerance of a New, Fully Liquid Pentavalent Vaccine (DTwP-HepB-Hib Vaccine)

The current study was planned to assess the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a fully liquid pentavalent combination vaccine containing diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type B and hepatitis B vaccines. Infants 6-8 weeks of age were enrolled and administered the study vaccine at 0, 4 and 8 weeks of enrollment. The children were kept under observation for 30 minutes after each vaccination for local and systemic reactions. A record was maintained of suspected Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) for the subsequent 3 days. Blood was collected for antibody titer estimations prior to the first dose and 4-6 weeks after the 3rd dose. 100% of children developed protective antibody titres to D, T and HepB. 97% and 81% of vaccinees responded (2-4 fold rise in antibody titres) to the anti-fimbrial and anti-pertactin components of the pertussis antigen respectively. 100% infants developed short-term protective antibody titres to Hib (> 0.15 μg/ml) and 90% developed titres indicative of long-term protection (> 1.00 μg/ml). Fever was most commonly reported adverse event but none of the children had fever more than 102°F. A few infants had mild, expected local and systemic side effects such as tenderness, erythema, induration, excessive fussiness and a change in feeding pattern. Except for one child who was withdrawn from the study for persistent crying, there were no other severe or unexpected adverse reactions reported. † Presented partially at the 12th ASEAN Pediatric Federation Conference, Thailand. 25-28 Nov. 2004.
The Primary Large Fourth Ventricular Schwannoma Removed by the Cerebellomedullary Fissure Approach. Case Report and Review of the Literature

The objective of this study was to present a case of a solitary fourth intraventricular schwannoma with a review of the literature, and to analyzing the current theories of its origin and application of trancerebellomedullary fissure approach. The authors presented a primary intraventricle schwannoma occurring in the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle in a 53-year-old female. She presented with severe headache, dysphagia, horizontal nystagmus, ataxia and quadriparesis were detected on initial examination. Imaging studies showed a large mass in the fourth ventricle and a marked hydrocephalus. The tumor was removed by microsurgical dissection using the cerebellomedullary fissure approach at our Institution. Complete removal was achieved and no reccurrence was noted follow-up period of 8 months after surgery. To our knowledge, this is the ninth reported case schwannoma of fourth intraventricule in the literature, which is unrelated to the cranial nerves and cerebellar hemisphere parenchyma, blood vessel or to the dura, is extremely rare. The etiology and natural history of intraventricular schwannomas is not well understood. The presenting clinical, radiological and pathological features of this tumor are summarized. We have discussed the effectiveness of this approach for removal of bulky tumors of the fourth ventricle, the other cases reported in the literature are reviewed and the benefits and potential hazards of trancerebellomedullary fissure (T-CMF) approach. Intraventricular schwannomas are benign tumours that are amenable to complete surgical removal, having a good prognosis without the need of adjuvant therapy.