Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-Modality 2D-3D Face Recognition via Multiview Smooth Discriminant Analysis Based on ELM

In recent years, 3D face recognition has attracted increasing attention from worldwide researchers. Rather than homogeneous face data, more and more applications require flexible input face data nowadays. In this paper, we propose a new approach for cross-modality 2D-3D face recognition (FR), which is called Multiview Smooth Discriminant Analysis (MSDA) based on Extreme Learning Machines (ELM). Adding the Laplacian penalty constrain for the multiview feature learning, the proposed MSDA is first proposed to extract the cross-modality 2D-3D face features. The MSDA aims at finding a multiview learning based common discriminative feature space and it can then fully utilize the underlying relationship of features from different views. To speed up the learning phase of the classifier, the recent popular algorithm named Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is adopted to train the single hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs). To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed FR framework, experimental results on a benchmark face recognition dataset are presented. Simulations show that our new proposed method generally outperforms several recent approaches with a fast training speed.
Overexpression of NF90-NF45 Represses Myogenic MicroRNA Biogenesis, Resulting in Development of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Centronuclear Muscle Fibers

ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the progression and suppression of various diseases through translational inhibition of target mRNAs. Therefore, the alteration of miRNA biogenesis induces several diseases. The nuclear factor 90 (NF90)-NF45 complex is known as a negative regulator in miRNA biogenesis. Here, we showed that NF90-NF45 double-transgenic (dbTg) mice develop skeletal muscle atrophy and centronuclear muscle fibers in adulthood. Subsequently, we found that the levels of myogenic miRNAs, including miRNA 133a (miR-133a), which promote muscle maturation, were significantly decreased in the skeletal muscle of NF90-NF45 dbTg mice compared with those in wild-type mice. However, levels of primary transcripts of the miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) were clearly elevated in NF90-NF45 dbTg mice. This result indicated that the NF90-NF45 complex suppressed miRNA production through inhibition of pri-miRNA processing. This finding was supported by the fact that processing of pri-miRNA 133a-1 (pri-miR-133a-1) was inhibited via binding of NF90-NF45 to the pri-miRNA. Finally, the level of dynamin 2, a causative gene of centronuclear myopathy and concomitantly a target of miR-133a, was elevated in the skeletal muscle of NF90-NF45 dbTg mice. Taken together, we conclude that the NF90-NF45 complex induces centronuclear myopathy through increased dynamin 2 expression by an NF90-NF45-induced reduction of miR-133a expression in vivo.
Left Ventricular Volume Changes After Amyl Nitrite and Nitroglycerin in Man as Measured by Ultrasound

The therapeutic effect of nitrites in myocardial ischemia is considered to be due in part to a reduction of left ventricular volume but measurement of this parameter in man has been difficult. The technique of echocardiography was used to measure changes in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and end-systolic volume (LVESV) after administration of amyl nitrite (AN) and nitroglycerin (NG) in 20 normal subjects. Control LVEDV was 131 ± 8 ml (mean ±SEM) and LVESV 30 ± 2 ml. After AN, LVEDV fell 18 ± 2% (P < 0.001) and LVESV by 57 ± 3% (P < 0.001) in 15 sec to 1 min. Heart rate (HR) rose from 68 ± 3 to 108 ± 4 beats/min at 1 min and blood pressure (BP) fell from 119/69 ± 3/2 to 99/47 ± 4/3 mm Hg. Following NG, LVEDV fell 11 ± 2% (P < 0.001) and LVESV 21 ± 3% (P < 0.001) within 2-5 min. HR rose from 65 ± 2 to 72 ± 3 beats/min and BP fell from 111/67 ± 3/2 to 102/70 ± 5/2 mm Hg at 3 min. Cardiac output increased from 6.9 ± 0.3 to 11 ± 0.9 L/min 30 sec after AN while no significant change occurred with NG. Stroke volume decreased from 101 ± 6 to 93 ± 5 ml/beat 5 min after NG while no significant change occurred after AN. This study has shown that both AN and NG produce significant decreases in LVEDV and LVESV which may contribute to their beneficial effects in myocardial ischemia.
A comparison of some methods of diagnosing Raynaud phenomena of occupational origin

Hellstr⊘m, B. , and Myhre, K. (1971). Brit. J. industr. Med.,28, 272-279. A comparison of some methods of diagnosing Raynaud phenomena of occupational origin. The aim of the present study was to compare some field methods of diagnosing traumatic vasospastic disease (TVD). Eleven forest workers with TVD (Raynaud phenomena of occupational origin) from the use of chain saws and seven controls underwent various exposures to cold. Sitting naked at 10 to 12°C for 40 minutes and exposing the hands to water of 13 to 16°C during the last 20 minutes provoked blanching of the fingers of all subjects in the TVD group and in none of the controls. These group differences were only partially supported by skin temperature recordings. Finger cooling during general cold exposure, rewarming after local cold exposures that did not provoke blanching, cold-induced vasodilatation, and rewarming after local vibration in cool water did not differ significantly between the groups. The production of attacks was apparently facilitated by hand grip in the cold. The results underline the diagnostic uncertainties present in those approaches which do not provoke attacks of finger blanching. Such attacks are most easily produced by a combined general and local cold exposure.
Dengue, West Nile virus, chikungunya, Zika—and now Mayaro?

1 Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 2 Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 3 Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 4 Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America, 5 James A Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, 6 Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs, The Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America, 7 Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
The two-domain tree of life is linked to a new root for the Archaea

Significance An archaeal origin for eukaryotes is an exciting recent finding. Nevertheless, it has been based largely on the reconstruction of universal trees. The use of an alternative strategy based on markers shared between Archaea and eukaryotes and Archaea and Bacteria bypasses potential problems linked to the analysis of the three domains simultaneously. Comparison of the phylogenies obtained by these two complementary sets of markers supports a sister relationship between eukaryotes and the Thaumarchaeota/“Aigarchaeota” (candidate phylum)/Crenarchaeota/Korarchaeota lineage but also robustly indicates a root of the tree of Archaea that challenges the traditional topology of this domain. This sensibly changes our perspective of the ancient evolution of the Archaea, early life, and Earth. One of the most fundamental questions in evolutionary biology is the origin of the lineage leading to eukaryotes. Recent phylogenomic analyses have indicated an emergence of eukaryotes from within the radiation of modern Archaea and specifically from a group comprising Thaumarchaeota/“Aigarchaeota” (candidate phylum)/Crenarchaeota/Korarchaeota (TACK). Despite their major implications, these studies were all based on the reconstruction of universal trees and left the exact placement of eukaryotes with respect to the TACK lineage unclear. Here we have applied an original two-step approach that involves the separate analysis of markers shared between Archaea and eukaryotes and between Archaea and Bacteria. This strategy allowed us to use a larger number of markers and greater taxonomic coverage, obtain high-quality alignments, and alleviate tree reconstruction artifacts potentially introduced when analyzing the three domains simultaneously. Our results robustly indicate a sister relationship of eukaryotes with the TACK superphylum that is strongly associated with a distinct root of the Archaea that lies within the Euryarchaeota, challenging the traditional topology of the archaeal tree. Therefore, if we are to embrace an archaeal origin for eukaryotes, our view of the evolution of the third domain of life will have to be profoundly reconsidered, as will many areas of investigation aimed at inferring ancestral characteristics of early life and Earth.
Magnetic resonance imaging in dogs with neurologic impairment due to acute thoracic and lumbar intervertebral disk herniation.

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a correlate to physical examination in various myelopathies and a predictor of functional outcome. OBJECTIVES To describe associations among MRI features, neurological dysfunction before MRI, and functional outcome in dogs with disk herniation. ANIMALS One hundred and fifty-nine dogs with acute thoracolumbar disk herniation. METHODS Retrospective case series. Signalment, initial neurological function as assessed by a modified Frankel score (MFS), and ambulatory outcome at hospital discharge and >3 months (long-term) follow-up were recorded from medical records and telephone interview of owners. Associations were estimated between these parameters and MRI signal and morphometric data. RESULTS Dogs with intramedullary T2W hyperintensity had more severe pre-MRI MFS (median 2, range 0-4) and lower ambulatory proportion at long-term follow-up (0.76) than those dogs lacking hyperintensity (median MFS 3, range 0-5; ambulatory proportion, 0.93) (P=.001 and .013, respectively). Each unit of T2W length ratio was associated with a 1.9 times lower odds of long-term ambulation when adjusted for pre-MRI MFS (95% confidence interval 1.0-3.52, P=.05). Dogs with a compressive length ratio >1.31 (which was the median ratio within this population) had more severe pre-MRI MFS (median 3, range 0-5) compared with those with ratios < or =1.31 (median MFS 3, range 0-4; P=.006). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE MRI features were associated with initial injury severity in dogs with thoracolumbar disk herniation. Based on results of this study, the T2W length ratio and presence of T2W intramedullary hyperintensity appear to be predictive of long-term ambulatory status.
Cyto- and Chemoarchitecture of the Monotreme Olfactory Tubercle

This study was undertaken to determine whether the olfactory tubercles of two monotremes (platypus and echidna) showed cyto- or chemoarchitectural differences from the tubercles of therian mammals. Nissl staining was applied in conjunction with enzyme reactivity for NADPH diaphorase and acetylcholinesterase, and immunoreactivity for calcium binding proteins (parvalbumin, calbindin and calretinin) and tyrosine hydroxylase (echidna only). Golgi impregnations of the tubercle were also available for the echidna. The olfactory tubercle is a poorly laminated structure in the echidna, despite the pronounced development of other components of the echidna olfactory system, and the dense cell layer of the olfactory tubercle was found to be discontinuous and irregular. Granule cell clusters (islands of Calleja) were present, but were small, poorly defined and did not show the intense NADPH diaphorase activity seen in marsupial and placental mammals. A putative small island of Calleja magna was seen in only one echidna out of four. In Golgi impregnations of the echidna olfactory tubercle, the most abundant neuron type was a medium-sized densely spined neuron similar to that seen in the olfactory tubercle of some therians. Large spine-poor neurons were also seen in the polymorphic layer. In the platypus, the olfactory tubercle was very small but showed more pronounced lamination than the echidna, although no granule cell clusters were seen. In both monotremes, the development of the olfactory tubercle was poor relative to other components of the olfactory system (bulb and piriform cortex). The small olfactory tubercle region in the platypus is consistent with poor olfaction in that aquatic mammal, but the tubercle in the echidna is more like that of a microsmatic mammal than other placentals occupying a similar niche (e.g., insectivores).
Adsorption Properties of Typical Lung Cancer Breath Gases on Ni-SWCNTs through Density Functional Theory

A lot of useful information is contained in the human breath gases, which makes it an effective way to diagnose diseases by detecting the typical breath gases. This work investigated the adsorption of typical lung cancer breath gases: benzene, styrene, isoprene, and 1-hexene onto the surface of intrinsic and Ni-doped single wall carbon nanotubes through density functional theory. Calculation results show that the typical lung cancer breath gases adsorb on intrinsic single wall carbon nanotubes surface by weak physisorption. Besides, the density of states changes little before and after typical lung cancer breath gases adsorption. Compared with single wall carbon nanotubes adsorption, single Ni atom doping significantly improves its adsorption properties to typical lung cancer breath gases by decreasing adsorption distance and increasing adsorption energy and charge transfer. The density of states presents different degrees of variation during the typical lung cancer breath gases adsorption, resulting in the specific change of conductivity of gas sensing material. Based on the different adsorption properties of Ni-SWCNTs to typical lung cancer breath gases, it provides an effective way to build a portable noninvasive portable device used to evaluate and diagnose lung cancer at early stage in time.
Precompetitive Mood States and Performance of Elite Male Golfers: Do Trait Characteristics Make a Difference?

The relationship between preperformance mood, measured by the Profile of Mood States inventory, and subsequent athletic performance has been the focus of considerable research. Presumably, athletes with less positive mood profiles should be outperformed by those with more favorable profiles. The results presented so far in the literature are equivocal. One possible explanation is that more stable trait characteristics might mediate mood states prior to competitive situations. In the present study, 8 male golf players, all members of the Swedish National Team, completed a number of trait inventories (Eysenck's Personality Inventory, Locus of Control, Sport Competition Anxiety Test, Self-consciousness Scale) prior to the competitive season. Subsequently, they completed the Profile of Mood States before each game played. Analysis showed that the players' preperformance mood states differed significantly and that these differences were associated with their scores on the trait inventories. Furthermore, preperformance mood states were significantly related to athletic performance for some individuals but not for others. Further research should also include trait measurements to understand better the relationship between mood states and the athletic performance of individual athletes.
Generalized Irreducibility of Consensus and the Equivalence of t-Resilient and Wait-Free Implementations of Consensus

We study the consensus problem, which requires multiple processes with different input values to agree on one of these values, in the context of asynchronous shared memory systems. Prior research focussed either on t-resilient solutions of this problem (which must be correct even if up to t processes crash) or on wait-free solutions (which must be correct despite the crash of any number of processes). In this paper, we show that these two forms of solvability are closely related. Specifically, for all $n > t \ge 2$ and all sets ${\mathcal{S}}$ of shared object types (that include simple read/write registers), there is a t-resilient solution to n-process consensus using objects of types in ${\mathcal{S}}$ if and only if there is a wait-free solution to (t + 1)-process consensus using objects of types in ${\mathcal{S}}$. Our proof of this equivalence uses another result derived in this paper, which is of independent interest. Roughly speaking, this result states that a wait-free solution to (n - 1)-process consensus is never necessary in designing a wait-free solution to n-process consensus, regardless of the types of objects available. More precisely, for all $n \ge 2$ and all sets ${\mathcal{S}}$ of shared object types (that include simple read/write registers), if there is a wait-free solution to n-process consensus that uses a wait-free solution to (n - 1)-process consensus and objects of types in ${\mathcal{S}}$, then there is a wait-free solution to n-process consensus that uses only objects of types in ${\mathcal{S}}$.
The Effect of the Common Process Noise on the Two-Sensor Fused-Track Covariance

This note deals with the effect of the common process noise on the fusion (combination) of the state estimates of a target based on measurements obtained by two different sensors. This problem arises in a multisensor environment where each sensor has its information processing (tracking) subsystem. In the case of an ¿-ß tracking filter the effect of the process noise is that, over a wide range of its variance, the uncertainty area corresponding to the fused estimates is about 70 percent of the single-sensor uncertainty area as opposed to 50 percent obtained if the dependence is ignored.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of a single dose of stavudine (d4T) in patients with severe hepatic impairment

This open-label study enrolled five subjects with biopsy-proven cirrhosis and moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh classification grade B or C) and five age- and gender-matched controls. All subjects received a single 40-mg oral dose of stavudine (d4T). Stavudine pharmacokinetics in subjects with hepatic impairment were similar to those in age- and gender-matched control subjects and were not substantially different from those previously observed in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Based on these findings, stavudine use does not require modification of the dose or dosing interval for patients with liver disease.
An Archaeological Contribution to the Early Iron Age Chronological Debate: Alternative Chronologies for Phoenicia and Their Effects on the Levant, Cyprus, and Greece

The debate over the chronology of the early Iron Age in Israel by far transcends Palestinian archaeology, history, and biblical historiography. Chronologies for most of the adjacent regions, and those of entities farther afield, such as Cyprus and Greece, are largely dependent on the Levant. The debate has centered to date mainly on historical considerations, adjusting the chronologies of the material record to the different proposed scenarios. This article advocates an opposite approach, namely, constructing detailed artifactual, mainly ceramic sequences, anchoring these to an absolute time scale by 14C dating, and only then correlating them with historical data. Southern Phoenicia is proposed as a starting point for such an endeavor. Not only does it offer the most detailed stratigraphic/ceramic sequence to date for the early Iron Age in the Southern Levant, its commercial ties provide a wealth of ceramic indices for correlating the Phoenician sequence with other series of the Levant and farther Mediterranean regions. To a large extent these overcome problems of regionalism, which otherwise hamper attempts at chronological cross-correlations in this relatively fragmented period. Two alternative chronologies are presented: the traditional, high chronology, which has been established mainly on the basis of biblical/historical considerations, and the newly proposed low one, which is supported by radiometric dates from Tel Dor. The adoption of either one will entail a revision of parts of the Cypro-Geometric and Greek (Euboean) Proto-Geometric chronologies.
Joint Power Allocation and Relay Beamforming in Nonorthogonal Multiple Access Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks

In this paper, we investigate joint power allocation and relay beamforming design problem for a nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) amplify-and-forward (AF) relay network, which employs successive interference cancellation to decode signals. Our objective is to maximize the achievable rate of the destination, which has the best channel condition subject to achievable rate constraints at other destinations and individual transmit power constraints. We propose an alternating optimization-based algorithm where, given power allocation, we transform the problem into a second-order cone programming and, given relay beamforming, we transform the problem into a convex linear-fractional programming. When the number of destinations is two, we propose a semidefinite programming-based one-dimensional search algorithm which achieves the globally optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed NOMA AF relay network outperforms the conventional orthogonal multiple access AF relay network.
A unified model of knowledge sharing behaviours: theoretical development and empirical test

Research and practice on knowledge management (KM) have shown that information technology alone cannot guarantee that employees will volunteer and share knowledge. While previous studies have linked motivational factors to knowledge sharing (KS), we took a further step to thoroughly examine this theoretically and empirically. We developed a unified model that is comprehensive and yet parsimonious, based on the decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB) with three sets of critical antecedents: psychological, organisational and technological that are theorised to influence KS behaviours. Results of a field survey of knowledge workers support the majority of hypothesised relationships, and explained 41.3% of the variance in the actual KS behaviours and 60.8% of the variance in the intention to share knowledge. These results far exceed the predictive powers achieved by previous studies. Among our significant findings include a strong positive influence of perceived enjoyment in helping others (PEH) and a strong negative influence of perceived loss of knowledge power (PLK). Based on the findings, we discussed the study's implications for research and practice.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene and risk of MS in women

Article abstract In view of the potential importance of the proteolytic mechanisms in the evolution of MS lesions, the authors studied the 4G/5G promoter polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) gene in the susceptibility of MS. The 5G5G genotype was associated with MS in women at an odds ratio of 2.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 5.23). The genotype seems to be a low producer of PAI-1, suggesting that reduced capacity for proteinase inhibition may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of MS in women.