Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kinerja Perusahaan Dan Risiko Sistematis Terhadap Return Saham (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di BEI)

This research aims to test 1) the influence of earning per share (EPS) to return of stock investment, 2) the influence of debt equity ratio (DER) to return of stock investment and 3) the influence systematic risk to return of stock investment. This type of research is causative research. The population in this research is property and real estate company registered in BEI in 2008 until 2011. Sample was determined by the purposive sampling method. Types of data is secondary data and the method of analysis used is multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis with a significance level of 0,05, the results of the study concluded: 1) earning per share (EPS) is significant positive affect to return of stock investment with the level of significance 0,000 t tabel (3,615 > 1,978) and β 0,001 (H 1 accepted) 2) debt equity ratio (DER) not affect to return of stock investment with the level of significance 0,298 > 0,05 or t hitung t tabel (2,054 > 1,978) and β 0,018 (H 3 accepted). This research suggested: 1) for investors who want to invest in Property and Real Estate companies, should not only pay attention to earning per share, debt equity ratio and systematic risk to asses return of stock investment because there are many other factors that contribute greatly to return of stock investment, 2) for further researcher should be able to collaborate on a variety of relevant variables in affecting return of stock investment, consider on observation period, and add more sample because this research is limited to see the influence of earning per share, debt equity ratio, and systematic risk to stock return of property and real estate company only. Keywords : Company Performance, Earning Per Share, Debt Equity Ratio, Systematic risk, return of stock investment
Surgery for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Advanced stage non-small lung cancers are currently considered unresectable. However numerous series on patients with locally advanced disease treated by surgery have been published. Surgery alone or induction treatments followed by surgery achieve long-term outcomes in an encouraging proportion of selected patients with T4 disease, despite the high rate of morbidity associated with technically demanding procedures.
The Effect of Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance (MCCG) Implementation to Companies' Performances

This study aims to highlight whether the implementation of Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance in 2000 and 2007 (proxies for ERM practices) gives an impact to companies’ performances. Using a data set from 1998 up-to 2011 and employing Independent t-Test and Paired Sample t-Test, several companies’ ratio related to ERM practices were tested.From test result, it is found that MCCG2000 produces more impact compared to MCCG2007 to companies’ performances. Moreover, nonfinancial companies were found to be benefiting more from MCCG implementation compared to finance related companies.
Effects of Job Standardization and Job Satisfaction on Service Quality

ABSTRACT This study develops and tests a model which examines the effects of job standardization and job satisfaction on service quality by using Turkish frontline employees in multiple service industries in Northern Cyprus as its setting. Study results show that job standardization and job satisfaction exert significant positive effects on service quality. Empirical evidence also suggests that job standardization has a significant positive impact on job satisfaction. Implications of the results for service managers and avenues for further research are discussed in the study.
The most internationalized Chinese firm and Chinese culture (guanxi) (日下泰夫教授・湯田雅夫教授退職記念号)

The Chinese iron bowl employment system induced lazy behaviors in workers (Su & Wright, 2012). Most workers lacked the discipline which was normally required in the industrial era (Ibid.). Haier’s CEO Zhang made similar comments. He stated “Chinese people tend to ignore rules and do not pay enough attention to details. We need tough management system with fair rewards and penalty features to help our workers get things done properly. ” (Lin, 2005, p.1). Haier needed to focus on customer needs, product quality, and improve operation efficiency. To these objectives, Haier introduced the OEC management control system, the SST market chain system, and the race track model by open competitive bidding. In the OEC management O stands for overall, E stands for everyone, everything, and every day, C stands for control and clear. Every employee has to accomplish the work every day (Lin, 2005). Never leave today’s work for tomorrow (Xu, Zhu, Zheng & Wang, 2007). The OEC management aims at overall control of everything that every employee finishes on his or her job every day with a 1% increase over what was done the previous day (Lin, 2005) The OEC is a philosophy. It is actualized by a 3E (everyone, everything, and everyday) card, in which workers fill out todays’ job performance. It is checked and calculated wages of workers and shown on the bulletin board in the factory. There is no proportion of guaranteed or fixed wage, the evaluation is instantaneously and open, and there is no room for the discretion of the management. SST represents suo chou, suo pei and tiao zha in Chinese language. Suo chou is the basic piece rate wage measured by rightly done job. Suo pei and tiao zha are rewards and penalties, respectively. If workers find defects of the preceding process, they received rewards (suo pei), and if they fail to find defects whether the defects were due to workers own faults or other workers’, they received penalties (tiao zha). In the SST system the preceding process is regarded as a supplier, the next process as a customer, the operation itself as products (Mizuno, 2009). The SST aims at introducing market-chain mechanism into the organization and internalized market transaction and
Exploratory research about entry mode affecting factors for Dutch companies entering China

In this research a practical oversight of all the influencing factors that Dutch companies need to cope with when entering China is given. First of all, the entry modes have their own advantages and disadvantages, like the degree of ownership, control, access to the market and initial investment needed. Based on these criteria some of the entry modes were not taken into consideration and the other entry modes (JV, M&A, Greenfield and exporting) were compared with each other. Also the Chinese context was taken into consideration. This was done based on specific theory on China, informal conversations, a questionnaire and expert interviews. Based on these data it was found out that the Chinese government and the social-cultural differences are the main influencing factors for Dutch companies entering China. The influence of the government and social-cultural differences have different implications and had an influence on different factors. All together this led to 15 different factors that had an influence on Dutch companies that entered the Chinese market: initial investment, degree of access, long-term profit, control over operations, government and operational barriers, market knowledge, start-up time, strategic reasons for China, cultural distance and defending intellectual property. These 15 factors were ranked from – (weak) to ++ (good) on all the four different entry modes and put in a framework. Companies can adjust the framework to their situation by adding more weight to important factors and less weight to unimportant factors. The entry mode that ends up with the highest amount of +’s after that is the most favorable entry mode for that company.
TRAIL deletion prevents liver inflammation but not adipose tissue inflammation during murine diet‐induced obesity

Tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its cognate receptor(s) are up‐regulated in human and murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the consequence of this enhanced expression on NASH pathogenesis remains unclear. TRAIL may either accentuate liver injury by promoting hepatic steatosis and inflammation or it may mitigate the disease process by improving systemic insulin resistance and averting hepatic fibrosis. Herein, we investigated the role of TRAIL in an obesity‐induced murine model of NASH. C57BL/6 wild‐type mice and Trail–/– mice were placed on a 20‐week standard chow or a high‐fat, high‐fructose, and high‐cholesterol (FFC) diet, which induces obesity, insulin resistance, and NASH. Metabolic phenotype, liver injury, inflammation and fibrosis, and adipose tissue homeostasis were examined. FFC diet‐fed Trail–/– mice displayed no difference in weight gain and metabolic profile when compared to wild‐type mice on the same diet. All FFC‐fed mice developed significant hepatic steatosis, which was attenuated in Trail–/– mice. TRAIL deficiency also significantly decreased FFC diet‐induced liver injury as manifested by reduced serum alanine aminotransferase values, hepatic terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‐end labeling‐positive cells, and macrophage‐associated inflammation. FFC diet‐associated hepatic stellate cell activation and hepatic collagen deposition were also abrogated in Trail–/– mice. In contrast to the liver, TRAIL deletion did not improve FFC diet‐induced adipose tissue injury and inflammation and actually aggravated insulin resistance. Conclusion: NASH pathogenesis may be dissociated from other features of the metabolic syndrome, and liver‐targeted inhibition of TRAIL signaling may be salutary. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:648–662)
RISK SHARING BETWEEN A MAIN BANK AND BORROWING COMPANIES UNDER INDEXED CONTRACTS

This paper investigates whether there has been risk sharing between a main bank and borrowing companies in Japan. Horiuchi, et al. (1988) claim that systematic relationships indicating the existence of risk-sharing between them cannot be generally observed. However, contracts conditional on operating profits as in Horiuchi, et al. (1988) may not be feasible because of the moral hazard problem. As Christopher (1982) suggests, indexed contracts are one way to circumvent the moral hazard Here, an optimal indexed contract involving risk sharing is derived, and is shown to be consistent with the behavior of com paniesin the Japanese chemical industry.
The Relationship between Business Strategy, Market Competition and the Use of the Balanced Scorecard: An Application on Jordanian Commercial Banks & Insurance Companies

This study aims to measure the use of the balanced scorecard performance measurement system in Jordanian Commercial Banks and Insurance Companies. This study also examines the relationship between business strategy and market competition and the use of the balanced scorecard. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, required data were collected using a questionnaire survey which was designed and developed based on the previous literature. The results based on a sample of 42 companies showed that 40% of the responding companies reported using the balanced scorecard. The results using logistic regression indicate that business strategy and market competition significantly influence the use of the balanced scorecard in Jordanian Commercial Banks and Insurance Companies. Finally, this study recommends researchers to conduct future balanced scorecard research to examine the assumptions and benefits of using the balanced scorecard.
Economic transformation and regional crime

This paper, the third in a series devoted to the study of crime in regional Australia, explores the effect that interactions between size, location, economic transformation and social attributes have on local crime rates. Using data for Local Government Areas in the mainland eastern states, this study draws the following conclusions: crime rates are lower in localities that are both residentially and socially stable; factors such as low residential mobility, high average educational level, low income inequality and low unemployment are associated with low local crime rates, but operate differently depending on the population size of local areas and their geographic position relative to major service areas; and crime rates in small and medium sized towns that are near a major service centre are highly sensitive to changes in economic and social conditions. This suggests the possibility of crime being diffused from major urban centres to minor surrounding towns. The study reinforces the need for localised crime control and prevention initiatives.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN DAGANG DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Time difference between financial statement and auditing opinion date indicates the amount of time needed in auditing settlement period. This condition can affect the punctuation of the information published and will inflence market reaction towards the lengthy information. It will also the level of uncertainly based on the published information in the auditor’s financial. Statement in which containing company’s profit information. This study aims to measure the factors which affect audit delay. They are profitability, company size, and the size of the public accountant. The population of the study is the trading companies registered in Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period 2006-2010. Sampling technique employed in this study is the purposive sampling with the total sample of 23 companies. The result of the study shows that the profitability, company size, and the size of the public accountant have significant influence towards audit delay.
The role of formal and informal control mechanisms for supplier selection: Experimental evidence

Previous research in operations has emphasized the importance of internal integration for firm performance. This study shifts the focus to determinants of internal integration and experimentally investigates the role of management control mechanisms for the integration of marketing information about customer preferences in supplier selection decisions. To derive our hypotheses, we draw upon relational framing theory and the distinction between formal and informal control mechanisms. Our experiment manipulates two types of formal control mechanisms and the informal control mechanism so that each control mechanism either evokes a group or an individual frame. With respect to the different combinations of formal control mechanisms, we show that only the combination in which both formal control mechanisms evoke a group frame lead to a high degree of customer-oriented supplier selections. More importantly, we show that the informal control mechanism is driving the degree of customeroriented supplier selections when formal control mechanisms evoke conflicting frames, while the informal control mechanism does not lead to any difference when both formal control mechanisms evoke a group frame. Our results contribute to the literature about internal integration and the management control literature.
Corporate Governance and Earning Management: An Investigation onTurkish Capital Market

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between corporate governance and earning management. The data set covers 107 firms‘data listed on Istanbul Stock Exchange for the period 2006–2007. In the study, accrual is used as an earning management indicator. Publicly offering rate, board of directors and duality are used alternative proxies for corporate governance indicators. Regression and correlation analysis are used. According to the results, there is a negative relationship between earning management and corporate governance indicators. This negative relationship is statistically significant for duality variables. An important finding from the study is that corporate management has extensively been adopted accordingly in large firms and in firms with low leverage rate.
Institutional Investors on Boards: Do They Influence Corporate Finance?

In this paper we examine whether the presence of institutional investors representatives on boards leads to observable differences in corporate finance. We use a panel of 162 quoted Spanish nonfinancial firms from 2004 to 2010. We find that institutional directors have diverse incentives to engage in the corporate governance. Specifically, we find that directors representing pressure-sensitive investors (i.e., banks and insurance companies) prefer lower financial leverage whereas pressure-resistant directors (i.e., mutual funds and pension funds) show no particular preference. In addition, when analyzed separately, we find that directors appointed by banks and insurance firms have different attitudes and that bank representatives on boards increase both the financial leverage and the banking debt, which is consistent with resource dependence theory. We also find risk aversion among directors representing banks: the higher the fraction of shares they own, the more resistant the companies are to both financial leverage and banking debt. Taken together, our results support the broad literature that emphasizes the strategic role of board members in addition to their monitoring role.
Family Involvement In Management And Firm Performance: Evidence From Italy

Using Total Factor Productivity (TFP) as a measure of corporate performance, this study compares the performance of owner management to that of firms run by professional managers over the period 2004-2006. We consider the influence of owner management for the sample as a whole and for subgroups of firms. The findings demonstrate that family run firms are less productive than firms run by professional managers, but the difference between the two is small. Our results support the idea that in Italy there is not a genuine process of manager selection both for family and no-family firms.
Validation of HPLC method for determination of priority polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (PAHS) in waste water and sediments

A simple method of extraction and determination of sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from waste water and sediment using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been validated with limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ), method recovery and reproducibility and other factors. HPLC parameters, such as mobile phase composition and flow standardized for determination of PAHs using ultra violetdiode array detector (UV-DAD). PAH extraction was carried out by liquid-liquid and Ultrasonication using dichloromethane and acetone/hexane solvents for water and sediment, respectively. Silica gel column chromatography was carried out for extract clean-up. Linearity of calibration curves was good for all sixteen PAH (R2, 0.991-0.996) in the concentration range 2.5-300 ppb. Analysis of standard spiked water and sediment samples resulted in good recoveries between 78-100 % and 82-106 %, respectively. The estimated LOD and LOQ ranged between 0.01-0.51 ppb and 0.03-1.71 ppb, respectively. The method described has been used for determination of the sixteen PAHs contents in water and sediment samples collected from municipal drains
Characterization of cellular factors that interact with the human T-cell leukemia virus type I p40x-responsive 21-base-pair sequence

Transcriptional activation of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) long terminal repeat (LTR) by viral protein p40x requires a 21-base-pair (bp) sequence which is repeated three times within the LTR. This sequence contains a core octanucleotide (TGACGTCT) which has been attributed to be a cyclic-AMP (cAMP)-responsive element. We demonstrate here that the HTLV-I LTR can be specifically stimulated by cAMP regulators and have identified four proteins in HeLa cells that bind to the HTLV-I 21-bp sequence. We correlated the in vitro binding and transcriptional activity of one of these cellular factors (Mr, 180,000) to the trans-activation of the HTLV-I LTR by p40x. Point mutations were generated within the cAMP octanucleotide of the HTLV-I 21-bp sequence that simultaneously abolished biological responsiveness to trans-activation by p40x and to stimulation by cAMP. We found that these mutations also eliminated the binding of the 180-kilodalton HeLa factor to the HTLV-I 21-bp element. In the absence of a demonstrable DNA-binding property for p40x, we hypothesize that cellular proteins are involved, possibly through signal transduction pathways, in its trans-activation of responsive promoters.
Are Overconfident CEOS Born or Made? Evidence of Self-Attribution Bias from Frequent Acquirers

We explore the history of mergers and acquisitions made by individual CEOs. Our study has three main findings: (1) CEOs' first deals exhibit zero announcement effects while their subsequent deals exhibit negative announcement effects; (2) while acquisition likelihood increases in the performance associated with previous acquisitions, previous positive performance does not curb the negative wealth effects associated with subsequent deals; and (3) CEOs' net purchase of stock is greater preceding subsequent deals than it is for first deals. We interpret these results as consistent with self-attribution bias leading to overconfidence. We also find evidence that the market anticipates future deals based on the CEO's acquisition history and impounds such anticipation into stock prices.
Sample-Based Tree Search with Fixed and Adaptive State Abstractions

Sample-based tree search (SBTS) is an approach to solving Markov decision problems based on constructing a lookahead search tree using random samples from a generative model of the MDP. It encompasses Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithms like UCT as well as algorithms such as sparse sampling. SBTS is well-suited to solving MDPs with large state spaces due to the relative insensitivity of SBTS algorithms to the size of the state space. The limiting factor in the performance of SBTS tends to be the exponential dependence of sample complexity on the depth of the search tree. The number of samples required to build a search tree is O((|A|B)d), where |A| is the number of available actions, B is the number of possible random outcomes of taking an action, and d is the depth of the tree. State abstraction can be used to reduce B by aggregating random outcomes together into abstract states. Recent work has shown that abstract tree search often performs substantially better than tree search conducted in the ground state space. This paper presents a theoretical and empirical evaluation of tree search with both fixed and adaptive state abstractions. We derive a bound on regret due to state abstraction in tree search that decomposes abstraction error into three components arising from properties of the abstraction and the search algorithm. We describe versions of popular SBTS algorithms that use fixed state abstractions, and we introduce the Progressive Abstraction Refinement in Sparse Sampling (PARSS) algorithm, which adapts its abstraction during search. We evaluate PARSS as well as sparse sampling with fixed abstractions on 12 experimental problems, and find that PARSS outperforms search with a fixed abstraction and that search with even highly inaccurate fixed abstractions outperforms search without abstraction. These results establish progressive abstraction refinement as a promising basis for new tree search algorithms, and we propose directions for future work within the progressive refinement framework.