Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of parenting and risk factors on the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections in children aged 1-4.

Upper respiratory tract infection [URTI] is the most frequently occurring infectious disease in childhood. There is limited research performed about the role and influences of parenting in combination with several risk factors on recurrent URTI’s in young children. The main question central in this study: How are parenting and risk factors associated with the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections of children in the age of 1 till 4 years? A case-control study was performed and in total 63 participants participated this study. All parents filled in a symptoms and infections diary and an online questionnaire. Demographics consisted out of child demographics, family situation and parental demographics. Two characteristics, number of siblings and birth order, differed significant between the groups. The results showed no significant differences between both groups in the Parenting dimensions. The results about the descriptive statistics of URTI demonstrated that infections and symptoms differed significant between the groups as expected. Overall, the results of our study confirmed that there were no significant differences between both groups in the Parenting dimensions. However, the aspect structure scored low in both groups and should be further analysed to increase knowledge about the positive and negative influence on children with URTI’s. Another interesting finding were that the characteristics, number of siblings, number of persons at home and the risk factor birth order, differed significant between the groups.
Microfinance in the North: Where Do We Stand?

The microfinance movement reached developed countries in the late 1980s and it is still a niche market. This chapter starts with a brief history of microfinance in the North. Next, it develops a supply-side perspective and pays special attention to the features of developed countries that shape this young industry. The features of interest concern the welfare system, the financial markets, and the regulatory environment, all of which have a significant impact on the capacity of institutions to reach scale and increase the range of microfinance products they supply. Last, this chapter opens avenues for further research in promising fields, such as the link between microfinance and social finance, and the place of subsidization in the global picture of microfinance in the North.
A review on high stiffness aluminum-based composites and bimetallics

Abstract The Young’s modulus of aluminum-based materials is one of the most important mechanical properties in controlling structural performance. The improvement of the Young’s modulus of castable aluminum-based materials is essential for improving their competiveness in light weighting structural applications. Currently, there are limited options for cast aluminum alloys with outstanding Young’s modulus. Also, for further stiffness improvement and thereby weight lightening, in-depth understanding of the relevant mechanisms for modulus improvement in aluminum alloys is necessary. This review focuses on the Young’s modulus of cast aluminum-based composites, as well as aluminum alloys reinforced with continuous metallic fibers (bimetallic materials). The effect of different chemical elements in cast alloys, the constituents of in-situ and ex-situ formed aluminum matrix composites, and the wire-enhanced bimetallic materials on the Young’s modulus of aluminum-based materials are reviewed. The Young’s modulus of cast aluminum alloys can be improved by: (a) introducing high modulus reinforcement phases – such as TiB2, SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 – into aluminum by in-situ reactions or by ex-situ additions; and (b) forming bimetallic materials with metallic wire/bar reinforcement in the aluminum matrix. The performance of a stiff aluminum alloy depends on the volume fraction, size, and distribution of the high modulus phases as well as the interface between reinforcement and Al matrix. One of the major concerns is the reduction of the ductility of castings after adding specific high modulus phases to increase the Young’s modulus. Further research into the improvement of Young’s modulus and the ductility of aluminum alloys is necessary through proper selection of reinforcement, optimizing interface, and distribution of reinforcement.
Varying climate response across the tundra, forest-tundra and boreal forest biomes in northern West Siberia

Satellite studies using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) have revealed changes in northern Eurasian vegetation productivity in recent decades, including greening in tundra and browning in the boreal forests. However, apparent NDVI changes and relationships to climate depend on the temporal and spatial sampling and the biome and forest-land cover type studied. Here we perform a consistent analysis of NDVI and climate across four bioclimatic zones (tundra, forest-tundra, northern and middle taiga) in northern West Siberia (NWS), further stratified into eight forest-land cover types. We utilize NDVI data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and climate reanalysis data from 2000 to 2016, a period including the record warm anomaly in 2016 (+2 °C–5 °C June–July surface air temperature (SAT) across NWS). Statistically significant (α = 0.05) correlations were found for two bivariate relationships at the biome level: between NDVImax and June–July surface air temperature (SAT)(r ∼ +0.79), and between middle taiga NDVImax and July precipitation (r ∼ +0.48). No significant statistical relationships were found for the northern taiga and forest-tundra biomes. However, within these biomes we found that deciduous needle-leaf (larch) NDVImax is significantly correlated with July temperature (r ∼ +0.48). Qualitatively, spatial composites of NDVI and climate variables were effective for revealing insights and patterns of these relationships at the sub-regional scale. The spatial heterogeneity of NDVI patterns indicates divergent reactions of specific types of vegetation, as well as local effects that are clearly important on the background of a regional climate response.
Information Clues and Emotional Intentions: A Case Study of the Regional Image of the Cultural and Creative Community

In order to capture the value of cultural creativity, this study explored regional cultural creativities with different creative forms to understand how people interpret and interact with various regional cultural creative images. This was done by analyzing the abstract (performance) type of cultural creativity and the figurative (commodity) type of cultural creativity, in order to understand how existing regional cultural creativities operate information threads in social media, and how the different forms of content may lead to different levels of participation and feedback. The Cloud Gate Dance Theater can be taken as an example of an abstract cultural creation (performance type), and Green-in-hand as an example of a figurative cultural creativity (commodity type). In this study, all user page content for the period 1 January 2011, to 31 December 2018, and the number of user comments for each post were analyzed, for a total of 4784 posts. Computer science, data mining, big data, and social network analysis were combined to verify the findings of the analyses. Through an application programming interface (API), data and information in social media is extracted. Then data filtering, storage, and analysis is performed with meaningful information extracted for interpretation and for use in text mining to explore the relationship with the public based on content attributes. This study first verifies that the regional image is consistent with the social image location. Second, the information cues results found that information cues could be organized into region personality through any direct or indirect contact. Third, emotional clues can evoke emotions and self-expression, which is seen as an important clue to region emotions. In addition, this study also provides a conceptual framework for understanding how different forms of information, in regards to social management of existing regional cultural creativities, leads to varying levels of participation. Understanding the form of information is a key factor in the acceptance of information by the public. It is a reminder for cultural and creative institutions of the importance of text and images, and of figurative and abstract information planning in social content. In order to improve the competitiveness of the destination, using content interaction through social media to create and enhance a strong brand image is important.
Productivity, nutritional and functional qualities of perennial wall-rocket: Effects of pre-harvest factors

Abstract Perennial wall-rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) belongs to the Brassicaceae family. It has spread worldwide due to its functional properties, and has long been known in folk medicine of native populations in areas of the Mediterranean and western Asia. In the past, Diplotaxis tenuifolia was a herbaceous plant harvested and consumed as a spontaneous herb, but today it is an important leafy vegetable in ready-to-use salads, with an increasing impact in the national and international vegetable retail markets. The leaves of perennial wall-rocket have valuable nutritional properties because of the amounts of antioxidant compounds they contain, in particular glucosinolates, vitamin C, as well as flavonoids, which make their consumption beneficial for preventing some types of cancer and cardiovascular disease. In the current review, major pre-harvest factors of Diplotaxis tenuifolia production, such as cropping systems, fertilization, as well as water management and irrigation, are addressed with respect to crop productivity and leaf quality.
Ediacaran Depositional Age and Subsequent Fluid-Rock Interactions in the Mutual and Browns Hole Formations of Northern Utah

Ediacaran depositional age and subsequent fluid-rock interactions in the Mutual and Browns Hole formations of northern Utah by Ashley W. Provow, Master of Science Utah State University, 2019 Major Professor: Dr. Dennis L. Newell Department: Geology Constraining the depositional age of Neoproterozoic stratigraphy in western North America has implications for correlating global glaciation and tectonic events. The depositional ages of the Neoproterozoic Mutual and Browns Hole formations of northern Utah are uncertain, constrained by two conflicting datapoints. However, new U-Pb geochronological data from 95 detrital apatite grains refines the maximum depositional age of the volcanic member of the Browns Hole Formation to 613 ± 12 Ma (2σ). This places new restrictions on the time available for the deposition of underlying units. Due to debate regarding the age models for underlying stratigraphy, two scenarios are explored that result in sediment accumulation rates of ~38 mm/kyr or ~64 mm/kyr. These results highlight a need for further exploring regional unconformities. Evidence for several post-depositional diagenetic events are observed in the Mutual and Browns Hole formations. Cross-cutting relationships identified via petrography, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis show at least seven diagenetic events: (1) early grain-rimming hematite cement, (2) quartz
Distribution, biology, morphology and damage of Cinara cedri Mimeur, 1936 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Isparta Regional Forest Directorate

DOI : 10.26650/forestist.2019. 346284 Calisma, 2015-2016 yillarinda Isparta Orman Bolge Mudurlugu’nde, sedir yaprak biti (Cinara cedri Mimeur 1936) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’nin yayilisi, turun agac tepe tacindaki koloni dagilimi ve farkli yaslardaki surgunlerde bulunma orani, morfolojisi, biyolojisi ile zarari tespit edilmistir. Calisma, 820-1738 m arasinda yukseltiye sahip 46 alanda gerceklestirilmistir. Plantasyon sahalari, genc mescere ve ortalama 1000 m yukseltide bulunan 10 alanda diger alanlara gore C. cedri’nin populasyonunun daha fazla oldugu belirlenmistir. Kolonilerin genellikle bir onceki yila ait surgunlerde ve dal koltugunda bulundugu, ayrica surgun ucu ile genc agaclarin govdesinde de beslendikleri, agacin guney ve dogu bakidaki 1,0-1,5 cm capindaki surgunleri tercih ettigi gorulmustur. C. cedri’nin cogunlukla bir onceki yila ait surgunlerde beslendigi ve ibrelerin kuruyup kizarmasina yol actigi gozlenmistir. Zararin ozellikle genc agaclarda oldugu, kuruyan ibrelerin dokuldugu ve yapraksizlasmanin agacin surgun uclari ile tepe kisminda oldugu gorulmustur. Zararlinin oz suyu ile beslenmesi nedeniyle balli madde salgiladigi ve balli maddenin dallarin uzerini kapladigi ve fumajin olusumuna neden oldugu belirlenmistir. Populasyonlar kisi yumurta doneminde gecirmis, Nisan ayinin ilk haftasinda yumurtadan cikan kanatsiz viviparlarin yaklasik bir hafta ile 10 gunluk surede dort nimf donemini tamamlayarak erginlige ulasmislardir. Mayis-Haziran aylarinda kanatli viviparlarin goruldugu, ekim ayinin son haftasinda oviparlarin ortaya ciktigi ve ciftleserek yumurta biraktiklari gozlenmistir.
Population dynamics of the green tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus de Haan, 1844 in the Saudi coast of the Arabian Gulf

The present study examines the population dynamics of the green tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus, in western Arabian Gulf. Monthly length-frequency samples were collected from Dareen port, between May 2013 and April 2014. Maximum carapace lengths recorded were 38 and 36.67 mm for males and females respectively. The growth analysis using von Bertalanffy model showed different growth patterns between males (CL¥= 51.50 mm; k = 1.77 yr-1) and females (CL¥ = 62 mm; k = 1.10 yr-1). Total mortality was also found to differ between the two genders with 4.65 yr-1 for males and 3.37 yr-1 for females. Estimates of natural mortality of males and females were 2.12 yr-1 and 1.47 yr-1 respectively. In all, the results found herein were consistent with the few published studies on the life history of Penaeus semisulcatus in the Arabian Gulf
Efficient Time-Domain Analysis of Waveguide Discontinuities Using Higher Order FEM in Frequency Domain

A computational technique is presented for efficient and accurate time-domain analysis of multiport waveguide structures with arbitrary metallic and dielectric discontinuities using a higher order finite element method (FEM) in the frequency domain. It is demonstrated that with a highly efficient and appropriately designed frequency-domain FEM solver, it is possible to obtain extremely fast and accurate time-domain solutions of microwave passive structures performing computations in the frequency domain along with the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and its inverse (IDFT). The technique is a higher order large-domain Galerkin-type FEM for 3- D analysis of waveguide structures with discontinuities implementing curl-conforming hierarchical polynomial vector basis functions in conjunction with Lagrange-type curved hexahedral finite elements and a simple single-mode boundary condition, coupled with standard DFT and IDFT algorithms. The examples demonstrate excellent numerical properties of the technique, which appears to be the first time-from- frequency-domain FEM solver, primarily due to (i) very small total numbers of unknowns in higher order solutions, (ii) great modeling flexibility using large (homogeneous and continuously inhomogeneous) finite elements, and (iii) extremely fast multifrequency FEM analysis (the global FEM matrix is filled only once and then reused for every subsequent frequency point) needed for the inverse Fourier transform.
Bioaccumulation potential and health risk assessment of heavy metals in Corchorus olitorius L. (Malvaceae) and Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthaceae) obtained from a selected dump site in Akure, Nigeria

Heavy metal contamination of polluted site has become a recurring decimal globally posing a threat to human life and biodiversity. This study was carried out to investigate the bioaccumulation potential and health risk assessment associated with the consumption of two indigenous vegetables Corchorus olitorius L. (Malvaceae) and Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae) in Akure. Initial pre soil analysis showed that the heavy metal concentration were above the safe limit as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). The heavy metals investigated include Cr, Ni, Cd, Fe and Pb for their bioaccumulation factor to provide baseline data regarding environmental safety and suitability of the vegetables for human consumption. Translocation factor, Daily Intake of Metal (DIM), Health Risk Index (HRI) and Oral Refrence Dose (RFD) were calculated following standard methods. This study concludes that different vegetables accumulate and translocate variable amount of heavy metals from the soil into their tissues. Hence, it is not advisable to consume vegetable samples collected from this site based on the permissible limits as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO).
Hadronic interaction studied by TA

Two studies by the Telescope Array group related to the hadronic interaction observed with Extensive Air Showers are reviewed. (1) Inelastic p-air cross section $ \sigma _{p - air}^{inel} = 567.0 \pm 70.5\,[{\rm{stat]}}_{ - 25}^{ + 29} [{\rm{sys}}]\,{\rm{mb}} $ and total p-p cross section $ \sigma _{p - p}^{tot} = 170_{ - 44}^{ + 48} [{\rm{stat}}]_{ - 17}^{ + 19} [{\rm{sys}}]\,{\rm{mb}} $ were determined using the 5 years of TA hybrid data with one of the 3 FD stations. These results at the highest energy $ \sqrt {S_{NN} } = 95\,{\rm{TeV}} $ showed good agreements with the extrapolation from the previous measurements and model predictions. (2) The signal sizes of SD were compared between data and MC using 7 years of TA SD data in the energy range from 1018.8 eV to 1019.2 eV. It was found that the data/MC ratios exceed unity and the deviation becomes larger when the expected fraction of muon signal, defined as muon purity P, is higher. The results support the muon excess (with respect to MC) problem reported by the previous observations.
Haloperidol and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a complication that affects up to 30% of the patients undergoing general surgery. This complication can be dangerous for patients, increase recovery time and decrease patient satisfaction scores. There are many different medications that have been used to prophylactically treat PONV including haloperidol. A systematic review was conducted to determine the efficacy of haloperidol as an antiemetic. Databases were searched and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to finalize the articles included. The PRISMA framework was used to guide the review and a total of five studies were critically analyzed. Two data collection tables were created for each article, one that illustrated the design of the study and one that illustrated the results. The CASP checklist was utilized to critically appraise each article. Finally, a cross study analysis was conducted to compare the studies. Haloperidol was studied alone and in combination with other antiemetic medications. Overall, these studies showed a decrease in PONV in patients medicated with haloperidol. Using haloperidol prophylactically, especially when utilized with multiple medications, decreased episodes of vomiting and levels of nausea. Haloperidol can be a useful and safe medication that anesthesia providers may utilize to prevent PONV. Further research is needed to study the impact on general surgery procedures and with larger samples.
How Faculty Demonstrate Impact: A Multi-Institutional Study of Faculty Understandings, Perceptions, and Strategies Regarding Impact Metrics

Faculty and institutions are increasingly called upon to present succinct, quantified descriptions of their research impact to administrators, funders, legislators, and academics. This project sought to explore how and what researchers think about research impact measures across disciplines and institutions. Presenters will discuss findings from a multi-institutional survey of faculty (n=1202) addressing their familiarity with metrics and altmetrics and impression of the accuracy of these metrics. We discuss how researchers use such statistical measures to demonstrate the importance of their scholarship, and their attitudes towards use of scholarly metrics by administrators. We also address possible implications for librarians supporting these faculty members.
Terrorism, education and the role of expectations: evidence from al-Shabaab attacks in Kenya

This paper explores how terrorism alters human capital investment by affecting expectations. Using different estimators, we identify a negative causal effect of terrorism on Kenyan primary school enrolment and attendance. Among these, we exploit al-Shabaab's revenue streams and position in the al-Qaeda network to predict attacks. To isolate the significant contribution of indirect mechanisms|like expectation we use fi nely geo-coded data on children and their closest schools as well as border discontinuities in educational provision, combined with media and attitudinal data. Moreover, we evaluate the degree and effect of the discrepancy between objective and subjective expectations in a structural model.
Measurements of Night Sky Brightness in the Veneto Region of Italy: Sky Quality Meter Network Results and Differential Photometry by Digital Single Lens Reflex

In this paper, we present the implementation of a monitoring network for artificial light at night (ALAN), based on Sky Quality Meter devices (SQM) installed in seven locations of the Veneto region. The system is coordinated by the Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA-Veneto) and the Department of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Padova, in collaboration with a local dark-sky association, Venetostellato. A new centralized database containing zenith night sky brightness (NSB) data was implemented to collect data from all SQM stations of the regional territory, not only in real time (since 2017), but in some stations since 2011. We now have a dataset to determine how light pollution is affecting astronomical observatories. A WEB portal was created to offer different downloads from these NSB data. We present the results of some elaborations for the 2018 dataset (statistics, histograms, annual and cumulative plots) for seven monitoring sites. For Ekar and Pennar sites, we also present the NSB monthly trend from 2014 until the time of the study. We purchased a reflex camera with a fish eye lens, appropriately calibrated with the software (SW) Sky Quality Camera, which allowed us to study ALAN using differential photometry. Here, we present our first results obtained by studying the night evolution of light pollution in the urban location of Padova.
Excavation of Pictish and Viking-age farmsteads at Buckquoy, Orkney

HY 243282. Excavation revealed five superimposed farmsteads and quantities of finds. Phases I-II were Pictish, 7th to early 8th centuries, with a distinctive 'figure-of-eight' shaped house plan in II. Phases III-V had typically Norse house plans, and a final date for occupation is provided by a furnished burial made in the ruins of the Phase V house and dated to third quarter of 10th century. A degree of social integration between Pict and Norseman seems evident. Substantial quantities of data on environment and economy are the subject of specialist reports, and among the small finds are a ring-headed pin, gaming boards, and bone combs and animal-headed pins.