Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efecto de una intervención educativa en alimentación saludable en profesores y niños preescolares y escolares de la región de Valparaíso, Chile

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del programa educativo realizado en profesores, en el estado nutricional, conocimiento y consumo de alimentos saludables de alumnos de prekinder a segundo basico intervenidos y sus controles. Material y Metodo: Se trata de una intervencion en educacion nutricional en profesores de prebasica y basica, durante un ano escolar, con una evaluacion antes y despues de sus alumnos, comparado con un grupo control. La muestra quedo constituida por 817 alumnos (389 hombres y 428 mujeres) de prekinder, kinder, 1o y 2o basico, 465 en los dos colegios intervenidos (Liceo 1 = 283 y Liceo 2 = 182) y 352 en el control. La intervencion consistio en 9 talleres participativos y con uso de Tecnologias de la Informacion y Comunicacion (TIC) a los profesores y en una evaluacion de estado nutricional y encuesta de conocimiento y consumo de sus alumnos, al inicio y final del ano academico. Resultados: En estado nutricional no se produjeron diferencias significativas entre el inicio y final de la intervencion. En uno de los colegios intervenidos se observo una disminucion significativa de la obesidad, en mujeres y en el grupo de 7 a 9 anos. En los colegios intervenidos hubo una mejoria significativa en conocimiento y disminucion en el consumo de alimentos poco saludables con respecto al control, en el cual se mantuvo la alimentacion poco saludable y disminuyo el consumo de verduras y legumbres. Conclusiones: Al igual que en otros estudios, queda demostrado que una intervencion educativa participativa, con uso de TIC y de corta duracion en profesores y alumnos de prebasica y basica, puede producir cambios positivos en el estado nutricional, mejorando significativamente el conocimiento y consumo de alimentos saludables y disminuyendo el consumo de alimentos no saludables, lo que no sucede en el grupo control. Sin embargo, queda pendiente una estrategia de como implicar a los padres en esta tarea.
A classification of Hashimoto's thyroiditis based on immunohistochemistry for IgG4 and IgG.

BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common organ-specific autoimmune disease. Antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), predominantly of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G class, are hallmarks of HT. It has been reported that HT can be divided into IgG4 and non-IgG4 thyroiditis. The aim of our study was to investigate the meaning of this classification. METHODS Thyroid sections from 53 Hashimoto's patients with stored serum samples were collected to detect IgG4, IgG, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 expression by immunohistochemical staining. The degree of fibrosis of thyroid parenchyma was qualitatively evaluated by Masson's trichrome. Serum total IgG, IgG4, TPOAb IgG, TgAb IgG, TPOAb IgG4, and TgAb IgG4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS Based on immunohistochemistry for IgG4 and IgG, 12 cases of IgG4-positive HT and 41 cases of IgG4-negative HT were identified in our study. The patients in the IgG4-positive HT group were significantly younger than those in the IgG4-negative HT group (p=0.023), and no significant differences were found in sex distribution, disease duration, and distribution of thyroid functional status between these two groups. The degree of fibrosis evaluated by Masson's trichrome and the immunohistochemical expression score of TGF-β1 in the IgG4-positive HT were significantly higher than those in the IgG4-negative HT (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the levels of serum IgG4, total IgG, or IgG4/IgG ratio. However, TPOAb IgG4 and TgAb IgG4 levels and the ratios of TPOAb IgG4/TPOAb IgG, TgAb IgG4/TgAb IgG, TPOAb IgG4/IgG4, and TgAb IgG4/IgG4 were significantly higher in the IgG4-positive HT group than those in the IgG4-negative HT group respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that HT can be divided into IgG4-positive and IgG4-negative HT, and this classification might have important clinical implications. The levels of IgG4 binding to specific thyroid antigens might be noninvasive markers to differentiate these two different immunophenotypes.
Malaysian ESL teachers’ use of ICT in their classrooms: expectations and realities

English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers in Malaysia, as in many other countries, are anxious to exploit the potential of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to enhance the teaching and learning process. Given the increasing pressure exerted by technological developments on language education, it is important to understand the underlying factors behind teachers’ decisions regarding ICT. Egbert et al. (2002) state that few investigations have been conducted on computer-using language teachers’ development. According to BECTA (1999) the learning potential of ICT is not being realised, because many teachers are not familiar with ICT and do not use it in their teaching. This study investigates the present use of ICT among ESL technical school teachers in teaching, factors that affect the use of ICT and perceptions of their skills in ICT. The theory that frames this study is drawn from theories of learning. The model adopted is Davis’ Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (1989) which provides a basis for determining ICT attitudes and factors affecting the usage of ICT in teaching. Data was collected via a questionnaire survey of ESL technical school teachers in Malaysia, and followed by semi-structured interviews with them. The questionnaire data was analysed using descriptive statistics and later triangulated with the interviews. The findings will be presented and elaborated upon in this paper.
Measurement of digital noise in mixed-signal integrated circuits

A method of measuring digital noise in an analog circuit such as an A/D converter by a voltage comparator is proposed and the noise dependence was measured by a fabricated test chip. For mixed-signal ICs, it was shown that the effect of digital noise can be considerably reduced by using a differential configuration in analog circuits. The effect of digital noise can be further reduced by lowering the digital supply voltage. This can be achieved by lowering the supply voltage to the extent of the speed requirements of digital currents while keeping the analog supply voltage high enough to meet the required signal-to-noise ratio.
Ergonomics and workplace adaptation to people with disabilities.

People with disabilities (PD) account for about 15% of the world population, or one billion people [1]. Within this context, the inclusion of this population in the social-labor environment has been widely discussed and encouraged by various laws. Some countries stipulate quotas for the employment of disabled people in public and private sectors. Germany has a quota of 5% for the employment of severely disabled employees in firms employing more than 20 people. Turkey has a 3% quota for firms with more than 50 workers [1]. Whereas in Brazil, laws establish a quota of 20% for public sector enterprises and of 2% to 5% for private companies with over 100 employees. Despite the attempts to include people with disabilities at work, the number of such people seeking employment and of those receiving job opportunities remains low. Data from several countries show that employment rates of PD are smaller than the general population [1]. A recent study showed that in 27 countries working-age persons with disabilities, on average, their employment rate, at 44%, was over half that for persons without disability (75%) [2]. Several researches indicate that the main difficulties faced by persons with disabilities to enter the workplace are: the lack of adequate education and training [3, 4], work experience [5], misconceptions about the ability of people with disabilities to perform Jobs [6, 7] and belief that people with disabilities are less productive than their non-disabled counterparts [8]. Thus, it is verified that job accommodation to people with disabilities is a tough task that has encountered some difficulties, such as the lack of offering professional training to PD, the presence of architectural and organizational barriers and discrimination regarding a PD’s functional potential. Thus, it is essential to understand the interaction between PD and the elements of the work system.
SSE Instruction Implemented Multiple String Matching Using Reverse Trie

String matching is an important technique for an intrusion detection system. Recently some algorithms, such as MPSSEFq and SSEHASH based on SIMD instruction, have been proposed to improve the performance of string matching. In this paper a SSEHASH based algorithm RTRIE employing a trie of reverse patterns substring with the help of wsfp instruction in MPSSEFq is discussed. By moving the text pointer from a chunk of 16 continuous characters, RTRIE has a best-case complexity of O(n/16) and optimum performance when searching for large sets of long patterns.
The frequency of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in Mardin

Objectives: Infectious gastroenteritis is one of most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Rotavirus and enteric adenoviruses are the most important agents of infectious gastroenteritis. Little is known about the epidemiology of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus gastroenteritis in our region. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus gastroenteritis in pediatric patients admitted to our hospital. Materials and Methods: Fresh stool specimens of total 941 pediatric patients admitted to our hospital during October 2008 and September 2009 due to acute gastroenteritis were studied. Rotavirus and enteric adenovirus antigens were investigated in the fresh stool specimens with the qualitative immunochromatographic test. Results: In 170 (18.1%) of fresh stool specimens, viral antigens were determined. Of these 170 specimens, rotavirus was established in 157 (16.7%), enteric adenovirus in 9 (1.0%), both rotavirus and enteric adenovirus in 4 (0.4%). The viral antigen positive cases were most frequently seen during autumn and winter months in children between 5-24 months of age. Conclusion: Rotavirus is most important agent in acute gastroenteritis of childhood in our region too. It should be investigated routinely in fresh stool specimens, especially in the autumn and winter months.
Primal-dual algorithms for computing weight-constrained shortest paths and weight-constrained minimum spanning trees

In the QoS shortest path problem, we want to find a path connecting two given vertices u and v to minimize path cost subject to the constraint that the path weight is no greater than a given bound. In the QoS minimum spanning tree problem, we want to find a spanning tree to minimize tree cost subject to the constraint that the tree weight is no greater than a given bound. Both problems are NP-hard and have important applications in computer and communication networks. We present simple but effective primal-dual algorithms for computing approximate solutions for both problems. Computational results show that our algorithm find optimal solutions in more than 80% of the cases and find close to optimal solutions in all other cases, while using much less time.
Coreference: Annotation, Resolution and Evaluation in Polish

This book presents work on coreference understanding, annotation and resolution of a Slavic language which can be applied to natural language processing in computers and software using English and other languages. By presenting the steps of building a coreference-related component of the NLP toolset, the volume serves as a reference book on state-of-the art methods in coreference projects for new languages and a tutorial for NLP practitioners.
Redundancy Gain or Cost? Performance Effects of Redundantly-encoded Tactile Displays in Multitask Scenarios

Redundant displays, those that display the same message via multiple sensory channels, are widely accept-ed as beneficial based on the idea that redundancy offers the potential to effectively distribute processing resources and thus avoid the overload of a high-demand processing channel. While some studies have found performance gains with use of redundant displays, others have shown performance costs. This study investigated whether redundancy in a “multi-code” display – which allows message decoding by engaging either spatial or nonspatial processing resources – would produce redundancy gains or costs under varied concurrent task processing requirements. Results showed dual-task performance was worse when tasks re-quired the same processing code. Redundantly-encoded signals displayed promise for reducing processing interference, a performance gain, but may also negatively affect performance due to a higher overall pro-cessing load. The findings illustrate the effects of processing code redundancy on multitasking performance and add to the body of knowledge in information processing.
Efficiency of scientific output of Venezuelan female researchers: Is parity the same as equality?

Gender equality policies currently in place in many countries have spurred significant progress in advancing women in the fields of science. Nonetheless, numerous of recent studies have sought to measure differences between the scientific activity of men and women. The aim of this paper is to ascertain possible differences in scientific productivity in certain scientific disciplines carried out by men versus women and to determine importance of professional standing with regard to these scientific outputs. To this end, a bibliometric analysis was conducted of the curricula vitae of 6015 Venezuelan researchers participating in the
Multichannel MLSE equalizer with parametric FIR channel identification

We propose a parametric finite impulse response (FIR) channel identification algorithm, apply the algorithm to a multichannel maximum likelihood sequential estimation (MLSE) equalizer using multiple antennas, and investigate the improvement in the overall bit error rate (BER) performance. By exploring the structure of the specular multipath channels, we are able to reduce the number of channel parameters to provide a better channel estimate for the MLSE equalizer. The analytic BER lower bounds of the proposed algorithm as well as those of several other conventional MLSE algorithms in the specular multipath Rayleigh-fading channels are derived. In the derivation, we consider the channel mismatch caused by the additive Gaussian noise and the finite-length channel approximation error. A handy-to-use simplified BER lower bound is also derived. Simulation results that illustrate the BER performance of the proposed algorithm in the global system for mobile communications (GSM) system are presented and compared to the analytic lower bounds.
STUDENTS’ VIEWS ON DISTANCE LEARNING IN TURKEY: An Example Of Anadolu Universıty Open Education Faculty

The aim of the study is to reveal the students’ views who are studying in different departments of distant education programs provided by Anadolu University in TURKEY. Qualitative research method was used in the study and purposeful sampling was followed. The research was conducted with 10 students who were working in different jobs and taking distance education courses in different departments. The interviews carried out face to face with the participants by the researcher were recorded by getting their consents. The interview data recorded were later transcribed. Then the texts were given to the participants and the recordings were verified for their accuracy and completeness, so the reliability of data was obtained. Content analysis method was used for the data analysis. When the findings obtained as a result of data analysis were examined, the students taking distance education courses in different departments stated that this education method was a great opportunity and chance for them. Moreover, it was determined that the participant students in the study had positive attitudes and views towards distance education, but they had some negative views such as lack of course materials.
‘We have to be professional’ - Swedish preschool teachers’ conceptualisation of digital media

This paper describes how a group of preschool teachers participating in a design workshop sketched ideas for how ICT (information and communication technology) can be developed in relation to preschool practice. The design process, which was modelled on creative research methods and future workshops, is presented in detail. The main findings, based on a data-driven analysis of verbal and written statements and design sketches, show that ICT is mainly conceptualised as either a possibility in the support of specific competences (such as language development) or a threat to, for example, the notion of real communication and also to well-established conceptualisations of preschool practice.
Applications of Density Functional Theory (DFT) to Investigate the Structural, Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Lanthanide(III) Complexes

Density functional theory (DFT) has become a general tool to investigate the structure and properties of complicated inorganic molecules, such as lanthanide(III) coordination compounds, due to the high accuracy that can be achieved at relatively low computational cost. Herein, we present an overview of different successful applications of DFT to investigate the structure, dynamics, vibrational spectra, NMR chemical shifts, hyperfine interactions, excited states, and magnetic properties of lanthanide(III) complexes. We devote particular attention to our own work on the conformational analysis of LnIII-polyaminocarboxylate complexes. Besides, a short discussion on the different approaches used to investigate lanthanide(III) complexes, i. e. all-electron relativistic calculations and the use of relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs), is also presented. The issue of whether the 4f electrons of the lanthanides are involved in chemical bonding or not is also shortly discussed.
Assessing the Correspondence between Experimental Results Obtained in the Lab and Field: A Review of Recent Social Science Research*

A small but growing social science literature examines the correspondence between experimental results obtained in lab and field settings. This article reviews this literature and reanalyzes a set of recent experiments carried out in parallel in both the lab and field. Using a standardized format that calls attention to both the experimental estimates and the statistical uncertainty surrounding them, the study analyzes the overall pattern of lab-field correspondence, which is found to be quite strong (Spearman's ρ = 0.73). Recognizing that this correlation may be distorted by the ad hoc manner in which lab-field comparisons are constructed (as well as the selective manner in which results are reported and published), the article concludes by suggesting directions for future research, stressing in particular the need for more systematic investigation of treatment effect heterogeneity.
The Effects of Cognitive Functions of Smartphone Users on their Behavioral Intention

A IS literature review found that little empirical research on the cognitive functions of smartphone users has been documented. Specifically, there has been little understanding and evidence about the impact of the cognitive functions of smartphone users on their intention to use applications. The main research goal of this study is to empirically examine the relationship between the mental model of users and their intention to use applications. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data collected by a survey. The results showed that there is an effect of the mental model of users on the dependent variable, intention to use applications.
Developing a Theory in Academic Research: A Review of Experts’ Advice

ABSTRACT Despite the number of developed theories, it still remains a difficult task for some established and emerging schol-ars in various academic fields to clearly articulate new theories from research studies. This paper reviews and col-lates the views of scholars on what a theory is and how a good theory can be developed. It explains the concept of a theory, and the different components that make up a theory. The paper discusses the different processes of theory development by emphasizing what theory is and what theory is not. This review found that scholars differ in their definition of a theory, which leads to using terms such as model, paradigm, framework, and theory inter-changeably. It found the lack of theoretical constructs in a study to be one of the factors which explains why arti-cles are rejected for publication. This paper may be of benefit to established researchers who may be struggling with theory development, and especially younger academics who are the future of scholarship in various academ-ic fields, particularly in information science.
Benefits of Teaching Design Skills before Teaching Logo Computer Programming: Evidence for Syntax-Independent Learning

We compared two groups of twenty computer-naive college students as they received instruction and practice in writing Logo programs. The design group received pretraining in general design principles such as modularity (breaking a procedure into parts) and reusability (using the same subprocedure more than once) presented in English whereas the no-design group did not. On programming assignments during Logo learning, the design group generated more revision cycles, more test runs, more syntax errors, and more input lines than the no-design group; and the design group wrote final programs that were shorter, more modular, more efficient, and more flexible than the no-design group. However, the groups generally did not differ on cognitive tests such spatial cognition, instruction comprehension, and planning. These results are consistent with Dyck and Mayer's syntax-independent access theory—planning skills for programming can be learned independently of the syntax of the programming language [1].
The Linguistic Representation and Processing of Event Structure

Current linguistic theories suggest that inherent temporal boundedness (telicity) may underlie syntactic representations of sentences. Corpus analysis and acceptability judgments showed a weak relation between telicity and syntactic form. Two experiments on self-paced reading of sentences with reduced relative clauses showed that argument structure preferences had immediate effects on the garden path but verb telicity did not, nor did the garden path depend on an interaction of verb telicity with object specificity or preposition. A probe recognition experiment showed that response times were faster for sentences with a telic predicate. The results suggest early access to argument structure preferences and later access to a derived semantic representation of temporal boundedness.