Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CYP2C9 gene polymorphisms and warfarin dose requirement: a single-center experience in Turkey

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between genetic structure and daily dose requirement in patients under warfarin therapy presenting at our hospital. Materials and methods: A total of 80 patients (45 female and 35 male) aged between 29 and 80 years (mean age: 59.86 ± 14.46 years), using warfarin for at least 1 month and presenting at Ataturk University Medical Faculty Outpatient Clinic between May 2009 and May 2010, were included in the study. Analysis of CYP2C9 1075 A>C and CYP2C9 430 C>T polymorphisms were performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the reverse-hybridization method. Results: Patients with CYP2C9 genotype variants *2/*2, *2/*3, and *3/*3 required 3.40 mg/day, which was 1.57 mg less warfarin per day than patients with the wild-type genotype (*1/*1) (4.97 mg/day), and this diff erence was statistically signifi cant (P = 0.014). Additionally, the patients with *1/*2 and *1/*3 genotypes required 3.93 mg/day, which was 1.04 mg less warfarin per day than those with the wild-type genotype (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Because patients with *2 and *3 variants of the CYP2C9 gene are at a high risk for bleeding while taking an oral anticoagulant, clinicians should start at lower doses of warfarin in these patients and should make strict dose adjustments.
Developing an Ecological Approach to Eating Disorders Prevention

Over the past 10–15 years the results of individual programs, literature reviews, and meta‐ analyses have converged to demonstrate that prevention of eating disorders (EDs) can work. For example, selective and indicated dissonance‐based interventions (DBIs), focusing on certain types of risk factors (e.g., internalization of the thin ideal), consistently show sustained positive effects on mixed‐risk groups of young adult females in college (e.g., in sororities and/or intercollegiate athletes) and on adolescent and young adult females already showing signs of ED symptoms (Becker, Stice, Shaw, & Woda, 2009; Stice, Shaw, & Marti, 2007). With the exception of Becker’s DBI (see Chapter 44), the most promising programs, such as Stice’s DBI, Stice’s Healthy Weight intervention (see Chapters 24 & 44), and the Stanford‐based Student Bodies online program (see Chapter 46), are designed for high‐risk individuals. To help prevent the development of new cases (i.e., to reduce the incidence; see Chapters 5 & 41), we need to expand the scope of ED prevention to a broad, ecological perspective anchored in the health promotion and universal portions of the prevention spectrum (Levine & McVey, 2012; Levine & Smolak, 2008). This means that prevention necessarily involves efforts to reinforce health, resilience, and the ability to cope effectively with life’s developmental challenges and hardships (Levine & Smolak, 2006; see also Chapter 33). After briefly exploring the semantics of prevention, this chapter outlines the limitations of current efficacious and effective programs and then describes key features of an ecological model of prevention. The model is illustrated with McVey’s program of research, advocacy, policy development, and professional training in order to explore lessons learned from and challenges in evaluating an ecological approach. We conclude with suggestions to guide future theory and research. Michael P. Levine Department of Psychology, Kenyon College, USA
Clinical performance of biodegradable polymer coated Sirolimus-eluting stent in multivessel disease: Results from MULTIDES study

Context: The role of percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) is still controversial and widely discussed. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of clinical outcomes after utilization of Indolimus, biodegradable polymer coated sirolimus-eluting stent (SES), in multivessel coronary stenting in an unselected patient population. Settings and Design: From April-2012 to June-2014, patients with multivessel (≥2 vessels) disease were examined in the retrospective, nonrandomized, observational, multicenter MULTIDES study. Materials and Methods: A total of 151 patients, exclusively treated with Indolimus SES in multivessel, were included in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and country-specific regulatory requirements. All patients signed informed consent form. Statistical Analysis Used: Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables as counts and percentages. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences program. Results: The mean age was 53.7 ± 10.7 years; male gender represented 108 (71.5%) patients. A total of 314 Indolimus stents were implanted. Clinical follow-up was performed at 30-day, at 6-month, and at 9-month. The primary endpoint, major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) at 9-month follow-up, occurred in 5 (3.3%) patients, consisting of 1 (0.7%) cardiac death, 2 (1.3%) myocardial infarction, 2 (1.3%) target lesion revascularization, 0 (0%) target vessel revascularization, and 0 (0%) stent thrombosis. Conclusion: The present study describes that Indolimus implantation is safe and effective treatment in multivessel CAD, showing low rates of MACEs during 9-month follow-up.
Executive Summary of the Key Concepts

Gabriella Malagon-Maldonado. Retrospective prepost evaluations (RPPE) in health design provide information on health environments and outcomes where design and healthcare professionals evaluate the effectiveness of the enhancements to the care environment. This article presents an overview of the nature of RPPE and addresses its usefulness in health design. Retrospective prepost evaluations methods with examples of space and the implications to consider on patient, provider, and organizational outcomes. There are many uses and applications of RPPE for health design researchers and reasons why it might be beneficial to use when evaluating health design. It is imperative for design and healthcare professionals to use the RPPE methods to gain factual knowledge, skills, and/or attitudes of how the built environment influences a respondent’s life, health, and illness and be able to translate these findings into effective healthcare designs.
Location and timing of the deposition of egg strands by perch (Perca fluviatilis L.): the roles of lake hydrology, spawning substrate and female size

The reproduction biology of perch Perca fluviatilis was studied in relation to lake hydrology, spawning substrate and female size using SCUBA divers during late April and mid-May 2009 in Chabařovice Lake, Czech Republic. An extreme displacement of water mass, induced by a long-lasting strong wind, caused the abundance of egg strands to differ significantly between individual parts of the lake. On average, 91% of perch spawning activity occurred at depths greater than 3 m. The mean concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC ) indicated that the lake belongs to the category where DOC influencing the penetration of ultraviolet radiation, is not responsible for the deep deposition of egg strands by perch. Most probably, the avoidance of shallow depths ( and worm weed Artemisia sp. These substrates, however, reveal signs of progressive degradation and seem likely to disappear from the lake within several years.
Development of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Coated with Polyacrylic Acid and Aluminum Hydroxide as an Efficient Contrast Agent for Multimodal Imaging

Early diagnosis of disease and follow-up of therapy is of vital importance for appropriate patient management since it allows rapid treatment, thereby reducing mortality and improving health and quality of life with lower expenditure for health care systems. New approaches include nanomedicine-based diagnosis combined with therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs), as contrast agents for in vivo diagnosis, have the advantage of combining several imaging agents that are visible using different modalities, thereby achieving high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, high specificity, morphological, and functional information. In this work, we present the development of aluminum hydroxide nanostructures embedded with polyacrylic acid (PAA) coated iron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles, Fe3O4@Al(OH)3, synthesized by a two-step co-precipitation and forced hydrolysis method, their physicochemical characterization and first biomedical studies as dual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/positron emission tomography (PET) contrast agents for cell imaging. The so-prepared NPs are size-controlled, with diameters below 250 nm, completely and homogeneously coated with an Al(OH)3 phase over the magnetite cores, superparamagnetic with high saturation magnetization value (Ms = 63 emu/g-Fe3O4), and porous at the surface with a chemical affinity for fluoride ion adsorption. The suitability as MRI and PET contrast agents was tested showing high transversal relaxivity (r2) (83.6 mM−1 s−1) and rapid uptake of 18F-labeled fluoride ions as a PET tracer. The loading stability with 18F-fluoride was tested in longitudinal experiments using water, buffer, and cell culture media. Even though the stability of the 18F-label varied, it remained stable under all conditions. A first in vivo experiment indicates the suitability of Fe3O4@Al(OH)3 nanoparticles as a dual contrast agent for sensitive short-term (PET) and high-resolution long-term imaging (MRI).
ESTIMATION OF BLOOD UREA (BUN) AND SERUM CREATININE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF RENAL DISORDER

There is substantially higher prevalence of the earlier stages of chronic kidney disease with adverse outcomes, including loss of kidney function, cardiovascular disease and pre-mature death. Blood tests for Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine are the simplest way to monitor kidney function. These substances are normal metabolic waste products that are excreted by the kidneys. BUN is an indirect & rough measurement of renal & live function measuring the amount of urea nitrogen in blood. BUN is directly related to the excretory function of the kidney. Creatinine tests diagnose impaired renal function & measure the amount of creatinine phosphate in the blood. The present study have been made on twenty(20) normal individuals as control and twenty(20) patients of renal disorder (study group) to investigated the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels with the presence of renal disorder. Comparing the values of study group with the control group, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine values (mean as well as range) were found to be much higher than the control. When gender wise compared, a significant sex wise variation found only in serum creatinine level but not in urea level. High serum creatinine levels were seen in males than females which could be because of storage of creatinine as a waste product in muscle mass and the presence of high muscle mass in males. In conclusion, a strong correlation has been found between Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine level with renal disorder. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine are widely accepted parameters to assess the renal functions. Kidney failure is a worldwide public health problem, with increasing incidence and prevalence, high costs, and poor outcomes. Strategies to improve outcomes will re-quire a global effort directed at the earlier stages of chronic kidney disease.
Coherence-based Modeling of Clinical Concepts Inferred from Heterogeneous Clinical Notes for ICU Patient Risk Stratification

In hospitals, critical care patients are often susceptible to various complications that adversely affect their morbidity and mortality. Digitized patient data from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) can be utilized to facilitate risk stratification accurately and provide prioritized care. Existing clinical decision support systems are heavily reliant on the structured nature of the EHRs. However, the valuable patient-specific data contained in unstructured clinical notes are often manually transcribed into EHRs. The prolific use of extensive medical jargon, heterogeneity, sparsity, rawness, inconsistent abbreviations, and complex structure of the clinical notes poses significant challenges, and also results in a loss of information during the manual conversion process. In this work, we employ two coherence-based topic modeling approaches to model the free-text in the unstructured clinical nursing notes and capture its semantic textual features with the emphasis on human interpretability. Furthermore, we present FarSight, a long-term aggregation mechanism intended to detect the onset of disease with the earliest recorded symptoms and infections. We utilize the predictive capabilities of deep neural models for the clinical task of risk stratification through ICD-9 code group prediction. Our experimental validation on MIMIC-III (v1.4) database underlined the efficacy of FarSight with coherence-based topic modeling, in extracting discriminative clinical features from the unstructured nursing notes. The proposed approach achieved a superior predictive performance when benchmarked against the structured EHR data based state-of-the-art model, with an improvement of 11.50% in AUPRC and 1.16% in AUROC.
Determinants of Consumers’ Retention and Subjective Well-Being: A Sustainable Farmers’ Market Perspective

Farmers’ markets have received much attention in many countries, and the amount of research on farmers’ markets is gradually increasing. The consumption process of consumers at farmers’ markets include both economic and social aspects, but most past studies have only focused on a single aspect. The economic perspective mainly focuses on transaction issues such as purchase motives, quality, satisfaction, purchase behavior, and post-purchase behavior, whereas the social perspective focuses on the social relations and psychological feelings created when consumers go to markets. This study aimed to integrate the economic and social perspectives and analyze the relationships among product performance evaluation, relational capital, repurchase intention, and subjective well-being of consumers at farmers’ markets after their purchase experiences. I chose three recurrent farmers’ markets in Taiwan, obtained 358 valid samples, and performed structural equation modelling analysis. The results indicated that the economic product performance exerted a significant and positive influence on repurchase intention, but its influence on subjective well-being was not significant. In contrast, the social relational capital was found to be a positive and significant factor of both repurchase intention and subjective well-being. On the whole, relational capital is more important than product performance. The suggestions for practice were as follows. First, farmers’ markets have economic and social value and are thus worth being promoted by government agencies. Second, the managers of farmers’ markets should implement a set of management mechanisms to ensure product performance and also create a market atmosphere that facilitates social interactions between farmers and consumers.
Effect of diisocyanate linkers on the degradation characteristics of copolyester urethane drug carrier matrices

In this study, the effect of three aliphatic diisocyanate linkers, L-lysine diisocyanate ethyl ester (LDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and racemic 2,2,4-/2,4,4-trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), on the degradation of oligo[(rac-lactide)-co-glycolide] (64:36 mol%) based polyester urethanes (PEU) was examined. Samples were characterized for their molecular weight, mass loss, water uptake, sequence structure, and thermal and mechanical properties. Compared to non-segmented PLGA, the PEU showed higher water uptake and generally degraded faster. Interestingly, the rate of degradation was not directly correlating with the hydrophilicity of the diisocyanate moieties; instead, competing intra-/intermolecular hydrogen bonds in between urethane moieties appear to substantially decrease the rate of degradation for LDI-derived PEU. By comparing microparticles (μm) and films (mm) as matrices of different dimensions, it was shown that autocatalysis remains a contributor to degradation of the largersized PEU matrices as it is typical for non-segmented lactide/glycolide copolymers. The shown capacity of lactide/glycolide-based multiblock copolymers to degrade faster than PLGA and exhibit improved elastic properties could be of interest for medical implants and drug release systems.
Examinations on alpine brown trout populations (Salmo trutta f. fario) in the province of Salzburg (Austria)

The present thesis is concerned with the examination of four alpine rivers in the mountainous part of the province of Salzburg (Austria). A special feature of these rivers is their isolation from usual fish migratory pathways, which would possibly favor the preservation of autochthonous populations of the brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario). Beside hydromorphological habitat analyses, microsatellite DNA data were collected as well as isotope chemistry from otoliths. The data combination showed that two of the investigated populations are rather autochthonous; the others have already indicated more genetic introgression and influence by men. In addition, integrating data obtained from otolith microchemistry and microsatellite DNA can provide complementary information on the natal origin and genetic structure of brown trouts at any life stage. This information will be valuable for studies of the population dynamics and quality of mixed-stock samples collected from the alpine region. The hydromorphological analyses demonstrated that all four rivers have a high structural diversity and deserve the title “extreme habitat”.
Credit constraints and trade performance: Does trust-based social capital matter?

It has been extensively argued that trust-based social capital expands access to credit. We embed this argument in the "credit-constrained literature," which documents inter-sector differences in financial vulnerability. We argue that financially constrained sectors are relatively better off in countries with a higher social trust level. Employing bilateral trade data comprising 50 countries' exports in 27 sectors during 1996-2008, we find that countries with a higher social trust level export more in financially vulnerable sectors because they export more products to each destination (extensive margin) and sell more of each product (intensive margin), which is in line with our hypothesis. With the exception of the intensive margin, these results are robust to a battery of sensitivity checks, including controlling for formal financing.
Executive Compensation, Macroeconomic Conditions, and Cash Flow Cyclicality

* This paper is based on the second chapter of my dissertation at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. I am grateful to my advisors Rüdiger Fahlenbrach and Erwan Morellec for invaluable guidance and constant support. I would also like to acknowledge comments from Michael Albert, Pierre Collin-Dufresne, Giuliano Curatola, Giang N. Hoang, Roberto Marfè, René M. Stulz, Alexander F. Wagner, Jing Wang, Michael Weisbach, Alexei Zhdanov, and Francesca Zucchi, as well as the seminar participants at the SFI PhD Corporate Finance Workshop in Lugano and the Ohio State University (PhD seminar). All errors are my own.
Kalman Filtering and Optimal control with packet-loss Σ 2 Σ 1 u y 2

In this report the optimal control problem with packet drop-out is investigated. First the Kalman filter is analyzed and simulations are done on different types of state estimation for a cascaded system. We made a distinction between local and global estimation, where local refers to using multiple outputs for the Kalman filter process and global to using only one output. In a similar fashion the construction of the optimal controller for stochastic systems is analyzed and simulations are done on an optimal controller for a cascaded system. We simulated that a part of the state is arrived at the controller with different arrival probabilities and relate the dependence of the controller performance to this probability.
PNS1000393 114..118

The prevalence of obesity is high in older persons and recent trends show a rapid increase in this prevalence. Results from observational and intervention studies (i.e. weight loss studies) show the strong negative impact of obesity on functional status in old age. There are different potential pathways through which obesity may lead to functional decline in older persons. Furthermore, the presence of overweight and obesity during the life course and trends in medical care are likely to influence the impact of obesity on disability. The concepts sarcopenia (age-related loss of muscle mass) and dynapenia (age-related loss of muscle strength) receive a lot of research attention as potential determinants of functional decline in old age. There is no consensus on the definitions of these concepts. Recent studies conducted in large cohort studies of mainly community-dwelling older persons show that poor muscle strength is strongly associated with functional decline compared to low muscle mass. In several studies, no association between muscle mass and functional status was observed. Current research on the combination of obesity with poor muscle strength (dynapenic-obesity) suggests a potential additive effect of both components on poor functional status in old age which seems independent of the level of physical activity.
2 concepts and Definitions of the PMP and PMf

Jose D. Salas is a professor emeritus of civil and environmental engineering at Colorado State University (CSU). He received BS and civil engineering degrees from the National University of Engineering of Lima, Perú; MSc degree in hydraulics; and PhD degree in hydrology and water resources from CSU. At CSU, he supervised (main advisor) 42 MSc and 37 PhD students. Dr. Salas has been consultant of national and international organizations and worked in several countries sponsored by UNESCO, FAO, AID, IICA, Hydro-Quebec, and the World Bank. Dr. Salas has been member of the editorial board of several international journals and has published extensively in water resources literature including two books and 12 chapters in books and handbooks. He was awarded the 1996 Arid Lands Hydraulic Engineering Award and the 2010 Ven Te Chow Award both by the American Society of Civil Engineers. He is a corresponding member of the Academy of Engineering of Mexico and the Academy of Engineering of Peru.
EFFECTIVENESS OF WEEKLY IRON SUPPLEMENTATION IN ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY

Iron deficiency has been a serious health issue especially in pregnancy. Various studies now consider daily iron as an excessive source of iron supply. In present study we compare effectiveness of daily verses weekly iron treatment. It was a randomized longitudinal study. Study included 110 pregnant anemic women attending out patient department of Gyne & Obs, CHK receiving 200 mg ferrous sulfate daily or weekly (n=55 in each group). Overall 80% patient completed the study. 76% in daily group while 83% in wkly group completed the study. Hb conc. , SFC, RBC count, Red cell indices and reticulocyte count were assessed to compare the effectiveness of two regimens. Hb was determined using the cyanmethemoglobin method. SFC was determined using a commercial kit (Enzymun-Test Ferritin; Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Other hematological parameters were determined by using automated analyzer by Hiroshi Yamamoto, Kobe; Masaaki Oka, Kakogawa, Japan. All parameters improved significantly in women of both treatment groups. Hb% (p 0.05). It was concluded that weekly supplementation of iron is equally effective in controlling IDA, when compared with daily iron supplement. A non-significant greater increase in SFC in daily group might support iron overload theory.