Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital library of educational resources and services: evaluation of components

The notions of digital library of educational resources and services (DLE) and its main components are presented in the article. DLE is considered here to be the aggregate of knowledge repositories and services organized as complex information system. The requirements and the framework for such system’s architecture design aimed to implement the approach based on the main DLE’s components’ reusability and learning customisation possibilities for its users are briefly presented in the article. The main components of such DLEs are learning objects (LOs, i.e. learning assets (LAs) and units of learning (UoLs)), their repositories, and appropriate services such as virtual learning environments (VLEs). The article aims to describe the original LOs evaluation instrument based on presented approach for DLE design as well as the original method for complex evaluation of VLEs compounding pedagogical, organizational and technical evaluation criteria. Homogeneous, simple and clear criteria rating system is suggested for all main DLE components evaluation. Skaitmeninė mokymo(si) isteklių ir paslaugų biblioteka: sudedamųjų dalių vertinimas Eugenijus Kurilovas Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiamos skaitmeninės mokymo(si) isteklių ir paslaugų bibliotekos (toliau – biblioteka) ir jos pagrindinių sudedamųjų dalių sąvokos. Biblioteka cia suprantama kaip žinių saugyklų ir atitinkamų paslaugų visuma, suprojektuota kaip kompleksinė informacinė sistema. Straipsnyje trumpai aptariami reikalavimai ir tokių sistemų architektūros projektavimo karkasas, kurių tikslas yra: įgyvendinti mokslinį požiūrį į biblioteką, grindžiamą jos sudedamųjų dalių daugkartinio naudojimo bei naudotojų mokymo(si) individualizavimo galimybėmis. Pagrindinės tokios bibliotekos sudedamosios dalys yra mokymosi objektai (MO, t. y. mokymosi komponentai ir mokymosi vienetai), jų saugyklos ir atitinkamos paslaugos, tokios kaip virtualios mokymosi aplinkos. Straipsnyje aprasomas originalus MO vertinimo įrankis, grindžiamas pasiūlytu moksliniu požiūriu į bibliotekos architektūros projektą, taip pat originalus virtualių mokymosi aplinkų (VMA) kompleksinio vertinimo metodas, jungiantis pedagoginius, organizacinius ir techninius vertinimo kriterijus. Visoms pagrindinėms bibliotekos sudedamosioms dalims vertinti siūloma vienoda, paprasta ir aiski kriterijų rangavimo sistema.
Compressional deformation along the Chañarcillo basin west margin : North Chilean Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous back-arc basin

The study area is located at the boundary between the Central Andes Coastal Cordillera and Precordillera morphostructural units (CCPB) that corresponds to the west margin of the mainly volcanic, subduction related, Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous back-arc basin of northern Chile. Around Copiapó, this margin describes an E-verging NNE-SSW-trending regional scale anticline, result of the basin inversion under transpressional regime at Albian times. The anticline involves volcanic Punta del Cobre formation and marine Chañarcillo group syn-extensional sequences. Overlying Cerrillos formation conglomerates, deposited synchronously to the basin inversion, has been interpreted as the distal part of a fan-delta system located at the western border of the basin.
Interactive comment on “Biotic stoichiometric controls on the deep ocean N:P ratio” by T. M. Lenton and C. A. Klausmeier

We thank the referee for their supportive comments and agree that there is indeed scope for further work in the future. We propose to add a short sub-section to the end of the Discussion addressing this. In response to their specific comments: 1. We agree that it is not necessarily clear that N2-fixers would be out competed under P limiting conditions and find the referee’s scenario where they are able to synthesise more nutrient acquisition proteins reasonable. However, following the scenario through, the N2-fixers would then produce more available N and thus benefit the nonfixers making the situation somewhat self-regulating. There are a few regions of the world ocean where excess N remains in the surface following complete depletion of P
Weight reduction decreases NT-proBNP levels in obsese coronary patients with chronic diastolic heart failure

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of weight reduction on NT-proBNP levels in hypertensive obese patients with chronic diastolic heart failure (DHF). Obesity exerts a negative impact on the cardiovascular system and a weight reduction improves pathological changes. Circulating levels of NT-proBNP reflect left ventricular diastolic wall stress and are strongly related to mortality and treatment success in heart failure. Material and methods: Thirty-eight hypertensive obsese patients with stable DHF were enrolled in a 6 months diet counseling program aimed to achieve a >5 kg weight reduction. Thirty-two patients with the same cardiac pathology who were unwilling to adhere to the diet were used as a control group. Blood sampling for measurement of NT-proBNP and other laboratory values, functional assessment, 6-minute walk testing, cycloergometry, and echocardiography were obtained at entry and after 6 months. Results: In hypertensive obese patients with symptomatic DHF, a 7 kg weight and body mass index (BMI) reduction induced a fall in circulating levels of NT-proBNP, reflected by an improved diastolic dysfunction and a significant increase in the walking distance. The improvement was achieved without a negative impact on left ventricular compliance and remodeling. Conclusions: Weight reduction improved the cardiac function in patients being treated concurrently with modern antihypertensive drugs. The effect of the cardiac improvement was comparable to that seen with pharmacological treatment programs. This supports the need to implement a weight reduction in obese hypertensive patients with chronic DHF.
EFFECT OF REARING INTENSITY ON SOW'S LIFETIME PERFORMANCE

The objective of this study was to investigate the lifetime performance of overweight sows and evaluate the effects of rearing intensity in a multiplier population. Dataset included growth and farrowing information about 1423 crossbred Dutch Large White and Dutch Landrace sows belong to a Hungarian farm. Sows were divided into two categories (optimal and overweight) according to their body weight. Based on the results of the comparative examination, it was observed that the survival curves of two categories differed from each other and the overweight sows had significantly lower survival rate (P<0.001) after the 4 th parities. The estimation of the hazard ratio indicated that the probability of culling was 1.455 times higher in case of the overweight sows if the sows completed at least 5 parities. In addition, it was observed that the overweight sows had significantly weaker reproductive performance under the last 4 parities. On average, the overweight sows completed less parities (P<0.001), farrowed 13 piglets less (P<0.001) and weaned 8 piglets less (P<0.001) than the optimal ones. Based on the results it can be said that the body condition have statistically significant effect for sow’s lifetime performance. To support large litters, sows should be kept in proper body condition.
Syddansk Universitet miR-155, identified as anti-metastatic by global miRNA profiling of a metastasis model, inhibits cancer cell extravasation and colonization in vivo and causes significant signaling alterations Gravgaard,

To gain insight into miRNA regulation in metastasis formation, we used a metastasis cell line model that allows investigation of extravasation and colonization of circulating cancer cells to lungs in mice. Using global miRNA profiling, 28 miRNAs were found to exhibit significantly altered expression between isogenic metastasizing and non-metastasizing cancer cells, with miR-155 being the most differentially expressed. Highly metastatic mesenchymal-like CL16 cancer cells showed very low miR-155 expression, and miR-155 overexpression in these cells lead to significantly decreased tumor burden in lungs when injected intravenously in immunodeficient mice. Our experiments addressing the underlying mechanism of the altered tumor burden revealed that miR-155-overexpressing CL16 cells were less invasive than CL16 control cells in vitro, while miR-155 overexpression had no effect on cancer cell proliferation or apoptosis in established lung tumors. To identify proteins regulated by miR-155 and thus delineate its function in our cell model, we compared the proteome of xenograft tumors derived from miR-155-overexpressing CL16 cells and CL16 control cells using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. >4,000 proteins were identified, of which 92 were consistently differentially expressed. Network analysis revealed that the altered proteins were associated with cellular functions such as movement, growth and survival as well as cell-to-cell signaling and interaction. Downregulation of the three metastasis-associated proteins ALDH1A1, PIR and PDCD4 in miR-155-overexpressing tumors was validated by immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that miR-155 inhibits the ability of cancer cells to extravasate and/or colonize at distant organs and brings additional insight into the complexity of miR-155 regulation in metastatic seeding.
The Impact of Inquiry-based Learning approach on Critical Thinking Skill of EFL Students

To modify the way how the students are getting ready to encounter the needs of the new era, some other different teaching approaches are under research. Inquiry-based learning is such a method supposed to empower the skills students need to master. The hypothesis was that inquiry-based learning can have impact on critical thinking ability of students. The data was from language learners at Guyesh language institute placed in Alborz(Iran). To homogenize the participants, they had a language proficiency test (PET) as pre-test. Out of 62 students, 38 students were selected. The learners were put into one experimental and one control group based on their exam results. The researchers used independent sample T–Test to measure the statistical differences between the two groups. Before receiving instruction the students completed a critical thinking questionnaire. After sessions of inquiry-based instruction, the researchers gave the post-tests to both experimental and control groups. Finally, the results of the analysis of the data ensured that doing inquiry-based activities increased critical thinking ability of the subjects. The outcome of this study confirmed that participation in inquiry-based learning class had a significant impact on learners’ critical thinking skill.
Morbidity pattern and health-seeking behaviour among the senior citizens in selected rural areas of Bangladesh

Background : The purpose of this study was to determine the morbidity pattern and health seeking behaviour among the rural elderly population. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in six villages of Telihati union of Gazipur District from February to June 2013. Purposive sampling technique was used to collected data from 249 respondents, aged 60 years and above. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 64.2 (SD±5.6) years. About 70.3% of the respondents were male, majority (47%) respondents were illiterate, 33.3% earned less then ten thousand taka per month. About half (58.2%) of the elderly were still working, among the currently not working respondents majority (49%) were totally dependent. and only 52.6% respondents belonged to joint family. Almost all (98.8%) the respondents had some health problems; among these eye problems (81.7%), musculo-skeletal disorders (66.3%), gastrointestinal disorders (52.4%) and sleeping problems (50.4%) were predominant. Females suffered more from eye problems, musculoskeletal disorder, gastrointestinal disorder and sleeping problems. On the other hand, males suffered more from respiratory and genitorurinary problems. About 61% have a Government hospital or Community clinic nearby their residence, 70 % were satisfied with available health care facilities and 72% was satisfied with treating doctors even then a greater part (35%) was irregular for check-up. Majority (73.5%) was regular about taking treatment, among the irregulars majority (77.3%) was for un-affordability of medicine. Only 53% of the elderly knew names of some old age diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2. 21522 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No.2, October, 2013, Page 129-135
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP INTERAKSI SOSIAL PADA ANAK AUTIS DI YAYASAN INSAN MANDIRI JL. PISANG KIPAS NO. 34 A KELURAHAN JATIMULYO MALANG

Pola asuh orang tua merupakan gambaran tentang sikap dan perilaku orang tua dengan anak dalam berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi selamakegiatan pengasuhan.Pola asuh orang tua sangat penting karena dapat mempengaruhi interaksi pada anak autis.Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua terhadap interaksi sosial pada anak autis di Yayasan Insan Mandiri Jl. Pisang Kipas No. 34 A Kelurahan Jatimulyo Malang. Metode penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Populasi sekaligus sampel sebanyak 15 orang anak dan orang tua. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitumenggunakan lembar observasi dan kuesioner.Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji korelasi Spearman Rank.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa keseluruhan (100%) dari responden menerapkan pola asuh demokratis dan interaksi sosial responden cukup sebanyak 12 orang. Diperoleh hasil pehitungan pvalue = 0,00 < α (0,05), sehingga H0 ditolak maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan pola asuh orang tua terhadap interaksi sosial pada anak autis di Yayasan Insan Mandiri Jl. Pisang Kipas No. 34 A Kelurahan Jatimulyo Malang. Disarankan agar pihak yayasan dan orang tua dapat memberikan pola asuh yang baik kepada anak-anak autis karena pola asuh yang baik dapat berpengaruh pada interaksi sosial anak. Kata Kunci: anak autis, interaksi sosial, pola asuh orang tua
Inflation in a Fully-Euroised Economy: Could Inflation Differentials Threaten Competitiveness?

Abstract This paper analyses inflation in Montenegro, a country which uses euro outside the euro area, and investigates the factors which contribute to price differentials in Montenegro relative to the euro area. Furthermore, the paper examines whether changes in the real effective exchange rates, which in Montenegro’s case follow the path of price differentials, may have any influence on country’s competitiveness.
The creative class, post-industrialism and the happiness of nations

Our research examines the role of post-industrial structures and values on happiness across the nations of the world. We argue that these structures and values shape happiness in ways that go beyond the previously examined effects of income. Our analysis explores whether income has different effects on countries at different stages of economic development. Our results indicate that post-industrial structures and values have a stronger effect on happiness in higher income countries, where the standard of living has surpassed a certain level. Income, on the other hand, has a stronger impact on happiness in low-income countries.
Gendering Climate Change: Geographical Insights

Although climate change is expected to increase vulnerabilities, marginalization, and sufferings of many in the Global South, impacts will be unevenly felt across social strata. Intersectionalities of social difference, especially along gender and class lines, differentiate the ways in which impacts of climate change are experienced and responded to. Feminist political ecology and feminist geography insights can explain how different groups of people understand, respond to, and cope with variability and uncertainties in nuanced and critical ways, thereby elucidating the gendered implications of climate change. With a regional focus on South Asia, the article underscores the key issues that can be applied geographically elsewhere. Gendered implications of climate change in South Asia are particularly poignant as patriarchal norms, inequities, and inequalities often place women and men in differentiated positions in their abilities to respond to and cope with dramatic changes in socioecological relations but also foreground the complex ways in which social power relations operate in communal responses to adaptation strategies. This is particularly evident in water-related productive and reproductive tasks in agrarian societies that constitute the majority of South Asia. As climate change is expected to exacerbate both ecological degradation (e.g., water shortages) and water-related natural hazards (e.g., floods, cyclones), thereby transforming gender–water geographies, it becomes imperative to undertake careful multiscalar and critical analyses to better inform policymaking. This article elucidates the complex ways that climate change will affect gender and social relations, thereby highlighting the ways that existing policy narratives and adaptation programs might be better informed by geographical insights. To this end, the article encourages feminist and critical geographers to more forcefully and fruitfully engage with global debates on climate change.
Assessing Quality of Education: In Perspective with Continuous Assessment and Learners’ Performance in Adwa College, Ethiopia

This study attempted to explore education quality in Adwa College of Teacher Education. The general objective of this study was assessing the quality of education in the perspective of continuous assessment and learner’s performance in Adwa College of Teachers Education. The study explored the class size and its influence on education quality; conditions of implementing continuous assessment and learners’ performance in the college. To explore all these researchers employed census method (72 teacher respondents). The study finds that in average there are 52 students in one class. Because of large class size regular giving of take-home assignment, careful scoring of the students’ work, adequate monitoring and supervision of the students’ class work, easy identification of the gains and difficulties of each student and providing feedback to individual students is not possible. Moreover, the college continuous assessment format is difficult to implement in the ground and it has been doing nothing to help students’ performance since there is copping assignments. Especially, it is difficult to implement in some courses. Furthermore, teachers have a problem to take attendance daily in classroom. Performances of students in individual work and presentation and students’ general knowledge is poor. Moreover, habit of students to read and their readiness to use library is poor. Moreover, students’ academic background is low and there is high cheating in time of exam in the college. In general the main obstacles that hindered education quality in the college are students’ low performance and background, lack of controlling cheating in time of assignment and exams, lack of follow up to students and lack of support to students. Furthermore, large class size and inappropriate implementation of the continuous assessment are other problems that deteriorated education quality. Therefore, the regional government should make overall expansion program on the college especially, constructing buildings to address the class size. Moreover, college should make the entrance time of fresh students on time. College should also consolidate network activities (cooperative learning) as a basic strategy and rent rooms from the nearby schools in time of exam. Keywords : Adwa, Education quality, continuous assessment, class size , students’ performance.
Mucuna sloanei, Detarium microcarpum and Brachystegia eurycoma seeds: A preliminary study of their starch-hydrocolloids system

Hydrocolloids from three legumes, Mucuna sloanei, Detarium microcarpum andBrachystegia eurycoma seeds together with their starches were used in this study.Proximate analysis showed that D. microcarpum and M. sloanei are rich sources of protein (27.01 ± 0.03%; 23.92 ± 0.12%, respectively), and fat (14.45 ± 0.02%; 6.57 ± 0.02%, respectively). B. eurycoma had lower values for protein (9.98 ± 0.3%) and also fat (2.12 ± 0.01%) but may be regarded as a richer source of carbohydrate (68.3 ± 0.33%). The DSC thermogram for the defatted M. sloanei, D. microcarpum and B. eurycoma indicated that the gelatinization temperatures ranged from 29.52 to 98.0°C; 40 to 100°C and 40.0 to 101.3°C respectively, showing a wide gelation temperature range (Tc – To) for all the samples and consequently a wide enthalpy change was observed ranging from (229.2 to 775.8 J/g). All the samples showed a single endotherm during gelation. As a preliminary study, the findings of this study revealed the pasting and thermal characteristic properties of a starch-hydrocolloid mixture of leguminous seed flour and the possible use of these mixtures in frozen food applications are apparent. Key words: Starch, hydrocolloids, gelatinization, legumes, seed.
Relationships between Husbandry Methods and Sheep Losses to Canine Predators

In this study we evaluated the efficacy of several husbandry methods in reducing sheep losses to coyotes (Canis latrans) and dogs. Findings are considered applicable to most sheep operations managed under farm-flock conditions. We monitored sheep losses of 109 producers monthly in a 9-county area of south central Kansas to assess husbandry effects. Cooperators reported deaths of 1,362 stock sheep and 2,230 lambs during the 15-month study, 229 (17%) and 278 (12%) of which, respectively, were killed by canine predators. Total annual losses of stock sheep and lambs were 6.7 and 7.9%, respectively; annual loss to predators was <1%. More than 80% of the predator-caused sheep deaths were in flocks of 22% of the producers. Sheep losses were slightly higher where coyote-abundance indices were high. Husbandry techniques that have the potential to significantly reduce sheep losses to canine predators include night confinement, lighting corrals, fall lambing, proper disposal of sheep carcasses, and killing individual predators that cause sheep losses. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 45(4):894-911 Coyote predation on sheep has been considered a major problem by stockmen of the western United States since the mid-1800's. Through the 1960's, efforts were made to reduce losses of sheep to coyotes by reducing coyote numbers by trapping, poisoning, shooting, and den hunting (Wagner 1972). Attitudes of the public toward predator control changed during the 1960's. Toxicants for predator control were banned on Federal lands (Nixon 1972), and later completely banned when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency cancelled registrations of all predacides. Sodium cyanide was reregistered for use in the M-44 device under controlled conditions. Recent studies have focused on nonlethal methods of coyote control, including tasteaversion conditioning and olfactory repellents. Several authors have suggested husbandry methods that might reduce losses of sheep to coyotes: fencing (Shelton 1973, Thompson 1976), lights (Gier 1968), bells (Hawbecker 1939), dogs (Howard 1974), confinement at night (Gier 1968) and during lambing (Early et al. 1974a,b), and proper disposal of sheep carcasses (Boggess 1975). Few studies have been conducted to determine the relative efficacy of these methods. This study evaluated the efficacy of several sheep-husbandry methods in reducing losses of sheep to coyotes in Kansas. We acknowledge the assistance of the cooperating Kansas sheep producers who made this study possible. The study was financed by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station and the National Audubon Society.