Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epithelial–Mesenchymal Interactions in Biliary Diseases

In most cholangiopathies, liver diseases of different etiologies in which the biliary epithelium is the primary target in the pathogenic sequence, the central mechanism involves inflammation. Inflammation, characterized by pleomorphic peribiliary infiltrate containing fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes, as well as endothelial cells and pericytes, is associated to the emergence of "reactive cholangiocytes. " These biliary cells do not possess bile secretory functions, are in contiguity with terminal cholangioles, and are of a less-differentiated phenotype. They have acquired several mesenchymal properties, including motility and ability to secrete a vast number of proinflammatory chemo/cytokines and growth factors along with de novo expression of a rich receptor machinery. These functional properties enable reactive cholangiocytes to establish intimate contacts and to mutually exchange a variety of paracrine signals with the different mesenchymal cell types populating the portal infiltrate. The extensive crosstalk between the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments is the driver of liver repair mechanisms in cholangiopathies, ultimately evolving toward portal fibrosis. Herein, the authors first review the properties of the different cell types involved in their interaction, and then analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms as they relate to liver repair in cholangiopathies.
Does Realization of Earnings Forecast Result in Fraudulent Financial Reporting

This article studies a situation in which corporate managers publish fraudulent financial statements facing the risk of non-realization of management earnings forecast. In particular, if the managers fail to realize the earnings forecast through other common methods in use, they will try to use unauthorized methods, especially using opportunistic restatement, to enhance the reported earnings to the forecasted level. One thing that may indicate management restrictions in using conventional methods to achieve forecasted earnings is bloated balance sheet. Bloated balance sheet is realized through the use of discretionary accruals in the previous period and the accumulation of these items in the net operating assets of the firm.To test this prediction, data from 240 companies, including 2,200 firm-year observations during the 2001-2012 and logistic regression were used.The results show that at time when corporate balance sheets is bloated by the use of discretionary accruals,the possibility of increased restatements (initial reported earnings higher than restated earnings) as well as opportunistic restatement (restatements led to the realization of forecasted earnings) increases so as the companies avoid a negative unexpected earnings report.
Evaluating the Impact of Criminal Laws on HIV Risk Behavior

Criminal law is one of the regulatory tools being used in the United States to influence behavior by persons who have HIV/AIDS. This article reports on the characteristics and prevalence of HIV-specific criminal exposure and transmission laws, and the enforcement of those laws through prosecutions during the period 1986­2001. It also examines the possible mechanisms through which criminal law influences behavior and considers how these might apply to the specific laws described.
Regularized Generalized Inverse Accelerating Linearized Alternating Minimization Algorithm for Frame-Based Poissonian Image Deblurring

Blurred images corrupted by Poisson noise frequently appear in medical and astronomical applications, and variational models based on sparsity priors such as the total variation and the framelet have been devoted to the problem of recovering the Poissonian images. However, developing efficient algorithms for solving the associated optimization problems is still an attractive research area due to the ill-posedness of the blurring operator and the complexity of the data-fidelity term. In this paper, we propose an accelerating linearized alternating minimization algorithm called GILAM for solving the frame-based variational model for Poissonian image deblurring. In the proposed method, a modification of the generalized inverse is introduced to overcome the negative effect of the ill-posed blurring operator, and, further, a discrepancy function is used to adjust the value of the regularization parameter automatically. The global convergence of the proposed algorithms is also investigated. Numerical experiment.
The prognostic role of troponin I elevation after elective percutaneous coronary intervention

Objectives To assess the prognostic role of isolated troponin I (TnI) elevation after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Background The prognostic role of minor troponin elevation after PCI is controversial. Methods A total of 1532 consecutive patients who underwent elective PCI were included. Follow-up data were obtained for 1432 of 1532 (93.4%) patients. The events taken into account in the follow-up included total mortality, cardiac death, hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction and/or unstable angina. Results The following variables were identified as predictive of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) by univariate analysis: age 75 years at least (P = 0.012), ejection fraction less than 50% (P = 0.001), prior myocardial infarction (P = 0.031) and TnI 1.0 ng/ml at least after PCI (P = 0.04). The Cox-regression model identified the TnI elevation after PCI, the older age and the ejection fraction as independent predictors of MACE during follow-up (TnI: P = 0.042; older age: P = 0.001; ejection fraction: P = 0.003). In a subgroup of patients with preserved ejection fraction, the incidence of MACE was significantly higher in those with TnI of at least 1.0 ng/ml at least than in the ones with TnI less than 1.0 ng/ml, with the highest incidence among the older cohort. The multivariate analysis confirmed the TnI elevation 1.0 ng/ml at least after PCI and the older age as predictors of MACE. Conclusion This study documented that in clinically stable patients, minor TnI elevations after elective PCI are independent predictors of MACE during follow-up, as are older age and reduced ejection fraction. Additionally, TnI elevation was a predictor of MACE during follow-up in a subset of patients with preserved ejection fraction. The combination of TnI elevation and older age confers the highest risk of MACE.
Current regulatory approaches of bioequivalence testing

Introduction: Nowadays, reducing medication costs is vital for health care agencies. Prescription of generic drug products can help lower these expenses. A generally accepted assumption is that therapeutic equivalence, between a generic and a brand-name medication, can be claimed if bioequivalence is demonstrated. Areas covered: This article reviews the current regulatory procedures on bioequivalence testing. Special focus is placed on the guidelines recommended by the European Medicines Agency and the US Food and Drug administration. The authors also describe the evolution of these issues and the alternatives proposed in the literature. Expert opinion: Defining bioequivalence, as the condition of no significant differences in the extent and rate of absorption between the generic and the brand-name medication, sounds simple. However, the scientific and regulatory basis of bioequivalence appears rather complicated in practice. Even though the regulatory authorities have elucidated many issues, several aspects of bioequivalence assessment are still unresolved. Examples, of these open questions, in bioequivalence, include the assessment of complex drugs, such as biologics and iron–carbohydrates, the assessment of immunosuppressive agents as well as the role that pharmacogenomics plays in bioequivalence.
Lossy Kernels for Hitting Subgraphs

In this paper, we study the Connected H-hitting Set and Dominating Set problems from the perspective of approximate kernelization, a framework recently introduced by Lokshtanov et al. [STOC 2017]. For the Connected H-hitting set problem, we obtain an \alpha-approximate kernel for every \alpha>1 and complement it with a lower bound for the natural weighted version. We then perform a refined analysis of the tradeoff between the approximation factor and kernel size for the Dominating Set problem on d-degenerate graphs and provide an interpolation of approximate kernels between the known d^2-approximate kernel of constant size and 1-approximate kernel of size k^{O(d^2)}.
Business-to-Business Brand Management: Theory, Research, and Executive Case Study Exercises

Providing broad and deep coverage, this volume focuses on sensemaking, decisions, actions, and evaluating outcomes relating to managing business-to-business brands including both product and service brands. This book goes well beyond basic marketing textbooks to provide extensive reviews of relevant studies, original research reports, and in-depth implications for the following B2B brand management issues: Building a Strong B2B Brand; Building a Strong Brand to Resellers; B2B Brand Equity - Theory, Measurement, and Strategy; Effective Strategies for B2B Service Brands; Brand Meaning and its Impact in Subcontractor Contexts; Brand Image, Corporate Reputation, and Customer Value; Internal Branding Theory, Research, and Practice; and, Pricing Theory and Strategy Applications in B2B Brand Management. Collectively these chapters address most aspects of the marketing mix for business-to-business and industrial marketers. Each of the papers provides valuable brand management insights for managers. The chapters are original contributions by leading scholars and B2B brand managers; each chapter following the introductory chapter includes a brand management problem-exercise with a separate instructor's note.
Management and Outcome of Pouch-Vaginal Fistulas After IPAA Surgery

BACKGROUND: After IPAA, the timing, management, and outcome of pouch-vaginal fistulas are poorly defined. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency, management, and outcome of patients who develop a pouch-vaginal fistula. DESIGN: This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. SETTINGS: The study was conducted in a single-center, high-volume tertiary referral colorectal unit. PATIENTS: Women with a pouch-vaginal fistula after IPAA from 1983 to 2010 were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The healing rate of pouch-vaginal fistulas was measured. RESULTS: Of 152 patients with a pouch-vaginal fistula after IPAA, 59 fistulas occurred at <12 months, constituting the early onset group, and 43 occurred at >12 months, constituting the late-onset group. Seventy-five patients (77.3%) underwent local repair (48 (49.5%) had ileal pouch advancement flap and 27 (27.8%) had transvaginal repair). The healing rate after ileal pouch advancement flap performed as a primary procedure was 42% and 66% when performed secondarily after a different procedure. The healing rate for transvaginal repair was 55% when done as a primary procedure and 40% when performed secondarily. Nineteen patients underwent redo ileal pouch construction, with an overall pouch retention rate of 40%. At median follow-up of 83 months (range, 5–480 months), 56 (57.7%) of the 102 patients had healed the pouch-vaginal fistula, whereas pouch failure occurred in 34 women (35%, 12 early onset and 22 late onset). Healing of the fistula was significantly lower (22% versus 73%; p < 0.001) and pouch failure higher (52.7% versus 22.7%, p < 0.001) when compared with Crohn’s disease. On multivariate analysis, a postoperative delayed diagnosis of Crohn’s disease was associated with failure (p = 0.01). No other factors were associated with pouch failure. LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective study. CONCLUSIONS: Pouch-vaginal fistula after IPAA surgery is indolent and may persist after repairs. A delayed diagnosis of Crohn’s disease is associated with a poor outcome and a higher chance of pouch failure.
ANALISIS WEBSITE QUALITY, TRUST DAN LOYALTY PELANGGAN ONLINE SHOP

The use of online store as purchasing media of goods and services increased rapidly in Indonesia. The number of online store owners also rose sharply such that competition unavoidable. Website quality is one of the factors that influece trust and trust will generate loyalty of the online shop customer. This research aimed to analyze the influence of website quality on trust and the influence trust on customer loyalty in East Java area. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 249 respondens which selected randamly at Petra Christian University campuss. Data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows Version 16 and SmartPLS Version 1.01. The results obtained, website quality influence trust, and trust influence customer loyalty.
Improved Space-Based Moving Target Indication via Alternate Transmission and Receiver Switching

Ground moving target indication (GMTI) by space-based radar systems requires special antenna and data acquisition concepts to overcome the problem of discriminating target signals from clutter returns. Owing to the high satellite speed, the clutter contains a broad mixture of radial velocities within the antenna beam, leading to a large Doppler spread. Effective clutter suppression can solely be achieved by multiple aperture or phase center antennas. For space-based systems, however, the number of receiver channels connected to subapertures is very limited due to their weight, volume, and high data rates (current systems such as TerraSAR-X and RADARSAT-2 possess only two). This classical along-track interferometry architecture, in which the antenna is split into two halves, achieves only suboptimum GMTI performance. This paper presents and statistically analyzes an innovative approach to create additional independent phase centers to improve the GMTI performance considerably. The extra degrees of freedom are created by cyclical phase and amplitude switchings of the transmit/receive modules for transmitter and receiver between pulses, hence trading Doppler bandwidth for extra spatial diversity. In the first part of this paper, different strategies of spatial-temporal diversity are introduced and analyzed for realistic system parameters with respect to ambiguities and detection performance. The second part is concerned with the elaborate theoretical analysis of the relocation improvement for the spatial diversity approach.
Impact of surgery for stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer on patient quality of life.

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of literature comparing quality of life (QoL) before and after surgery in stage IA lung cancer, where surgical resection is the recommended curative treatment. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of surgery on physical and mental health-related QoL in patients with stage IA lung cancer treated with surgical resection. METHODS Participants in the I-ELCAP cohort who were diagnosed with their first primary pathologic stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer, underwent surgery, and provided follow-up information on QoL 1 year later were included in the present analysis (N = 107). QoL information was collected using the SF-12 (12-item Short Form Health Survey), which generates 2 component scores related to mental health and physical health. RESULTS Statistical analyses indicated that physical health QoL was significantly worsened from before surgery to after surgery, whereas mental health QoL marginally improved from before to after surgery. Physical health QoL worsened for women from baseline to follow-up, but not for men. Only lobectomy (not limited resection) had an impact on QoL from before to after surgery. LIMITATIONS Results are considered preliminary given the small sample size and multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS The current study findings have implications for lung cancer health care professionals in regard to how they can most effectively present the possible impact of surgery on quality of life to this subset of patients in which disease has not yet significantly progressed.
Spoken word recognition using MFCC and learning vector quantization

Identification of spoken word(s) can be used to control external device. This research was result word identification in speech using Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) and Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ). The output of system operated the computer in certain genre song appropriate with the identified word. Identification was divided into three classes contain words such as "Klasik", "Dangdut" and "Pop", which are used to playing three types of accordingly songs. The voice signal is extracted by using MFCC and then identified using LVQ. The training and test set were obtained from six subjects and 10 times trial of the words "Klasik", "Dangdut" and "Pop" separately. Then the recorded sound signal is pre-processed using Histogram Equalization, DC Removal and Pre-emphasize to reduce noise from the sound signal, and then extracted using MFCC. The frequency spectrum generated from MFCC was identified using LVQ after passing through the training process first. Accuracy of the testing results is 92% for identification of training sets while testing new data recorded using different SNR obtained an accuracy of 46%. However, the test results of new data recorded using the same SNR with training data has an accuracy of 75.5%.
POLG mutations in Alpers syndrome

Described are six patients with Alpers syndrome from four unrelated families. Affected individuals harbored the following combinations of POLG mutations: 1) A467T/W1020X, 2) W748S-E1143G/G848S, 3) A467T/A467T, and 4) A467T/G848S. Homozygosity for the A467T allele in one patient was associated with a later age at onset. Mitochondrial respiratory chain studies in skeletal muscle were normal in each case. Nine combinations of mutant POLG alleles that cause Alpers syndrome are summarized.
Thrombopathic thrombocytopenia; successful transfusion of blood platelets.

1. A case of thrombopathic thrombocytopenia, a variant of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenia is described. 2. In addition to the customary studies, the prothrombin consumption test of Quick was used in a study of the physiology of the platelets. 3. The patient’s platelets were not only reduced in number but were morphologically abnormal and physiologically defective. Their abnormality was presumably related to the lack of granularity in the cytoplasm of the platelet-producing cells, namely, the megakaryocytes. 4. Because of the uniformly abnormal appearance of the patient’s platelets, the success of a transfusion of normal platelets could be readily evaluated from inspection of stained blood smears. 5. Transfusion of blood from a polycythemic donor whose platelet count was about eight times the normal level resulted in the recovery of a detectable proportion of these platelets in the patient. Possible mechanisms leading to their relatively low recovery are discussed. 6. The donor platelets survived for five to six days and retained their normal physiologic activity throughout that time.
Prevalence and development of strabismus in 10-year-old premature children: a population-based study.

PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence and development of strabismus, at 10 years, in children born prematurely. METHODS This population-based study included 216 premature and 217 full-term children from the same geographic area. RESULTS Strabismus was noted in 16.2% (35 of 216) premature and in 3.2% (7 of 217) full-term children. The most important risk factors for strabismus at 10 years were anisometropia at 6 months, spherical equivalent refractive errors (i.e., > +3 D or < -3 D) at 2.5 years, and various neurologic conditions. CONCLUSION At 10 years, children born prematurely have a greater risk of strabismus than children born at term.
Rural Women Entrepreneurs in the Informal Sector of India

Informal economy has a significant role in entrepreneurship, particularly, women entrepreneurs of rural area. It has great impact on employment and income generation. Normally, the sector, which is not organized, not recorded by public authorities and which has no identity, is considered to be a part of informal sector. The informal sector is defined as those establishments that employ less than 10 persons with or without use of power. The formal sector includes manufacturing, trade and services, while the informal sector includes businesses that have small size of operation and low investment, so entry is easy compared to the formal sector. On the other hand, women-owned businesses have drawn significant attention around the world. It is observed that women start business for several reasons like financial support, earning livelihood for the family, independence, etc. The size of the business owned by women in informal sector is usually small and operated from their own residence. With successful business performance, most of the women want to remain in the business. But women do not receive enough support from their family as well as government authorities. These entrepreneurs must be involved in modern small-scale units. If they are properly trained and provided with the required capital, then rural India and informal sector will emerge as a story of success.
Leadership Training in Hospitality

Researchers and practitioners contend that hospitality management curricula tend to focus on teaching students technical skills they need to function effectively in the work- place but do not emphasize human and conceptual skills, one of which is leadership. Universities and companies strive to address leadership training, acknowledging that leadership is perhaps one of the most important roles any hospitality manager will fill and is probably least prepared for.
[Secondary internal osteosynthesis after external fixation for recent or old open fracture of the lower limb].

PURPOSE The purpose of our study is to analyse the indications, results and limits of secondary internal fixation after external fixation for open fracture of the lower limb. MATERIAL Our series covered 21 patients treated between 1991 and 1994. There were 17 men and 4 women. Tibia was affected 17 times and femur 5 times (one bifocal fracture). In Gustilo's classification, we had 1 case of type 1, 12 of type II and 8 of type III. METHODS We used 15 times the FESSA External Fixator and 6 times a monotube external fixator in emergency. We have done secondary 11 intra medullary nailing and 11 patients were treated by plating (one patient had both) 13 patients had a bone graft (cortico-cancellous graft). In the first group of patients (10 cases), the initial treatment gave us good results for both skin and bone healing. The external fixation was replaced by an internal one in order to accelerate bone consolidation and to allow an early weight-bearing. Removal of the external fixation was made at an average of 4 months postoperative. In the Second group (11 cases) the internal fixation was proposed because of an insufficiency of the external fixation leading to complications as: non union, mal union and bone defects. External fixation was removed in a mean time of 8 months. Internal fixation was completed by local bone autograft. RESULTS 17 patients have been reviewed. Consolidation occurred with an average of 6 months after internal fixation 1 to 24 months. We had no deep infection but only 2 superficial ones. DISCUSSION We chose 2 types of indication, and we called them programmed and for necessity. The first group of 10 patients whose stain was moderate and whose initial setting up had permitted a perfect anatomic reduction with a rapid wound healing. Internal fixation was performed after a short duration of external fixator. An early weight bearing was allowed so that the functional recovery could be obtained quickly. The second group is represented by patients whose internal fixation was done for non union, malunion or bone defect. In such a case autogenous cancellous graft was used to fill the defect.