Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Morphometric Study of the Patterns and Variations of the Acromion and Glenoid Cavity of the Scapulae in Egyptian Population.

BACKGROUND Owing to its many variations, scapula became one of the most interesting bones of the human skeleton. AIM To measure acromial and glenoid morphology in to describe their anatomical patterns and variations in Egyptians to establish possible morphofunctional correlations related to race, geographic region and literature data. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and sixty scapulae of unknown age and sex were studied. Morphological shapes of the tip of the acromion; types of acromion; and morphological shapes of the glenoid were evaluated. Length and width of the scapulae, length, breadth and thickness of the acromion process and distances of the acromio-coracoid and acromio-glenoid in addition to glenoid diameters were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The morphometric values of the two sides were analysed using an unpaired t-test. Statistical significance was set p≤ 0.05. RESULTS The intermediate shape of the acromion presented with the highest incidence, while the cobra shaped presented with the lowest distribution in both sides. The oval shaped glenoid cavity presented with the highest incidence while the inverted coma shaped showed the lowest incidence. These results are in match with other population. However, the morphometric values of the scapula, acromion process and glenoid cavity were higher than reported in Turkish and Indians. CONCLUSION Our data are important to compare Egyptian scapulae to those from various other races that could contribute to demographic studies of shoulder disease probability and management in Egyptian population.
Peer-Led Diabetes Education Programs in High-RiskMexican Americans Improve Glycemic Control Compared With Standard Approaches A Project Dulce promotora randomized trial

RESULTS—Themajority of subjects were born inMexico, were female, were middle aged, had less than an eighth-grade education, and had high baseline HbA1c levels. Significant time-bygroup interaction effects for HbA1c (P = 0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.04) indicated that the Project Dulce group exhibited greater improvement (i.e., decreases) across time.Withingroup analyses showed that the intervention group exhibited significant improvements from baseline to month 4 in absolute levels of HbA1c (21.7%, P = 0.001) and HDL cholesterol (+1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.01) and from baseline to month 10 in absolute levels of HbA1c (21.5%, P = 0.01), total cholesterol (27.2 mg/dL, P = 0.04), HDL cholesterol (+1.6 mg/dL, P = 0.01), and LDL cholesterol (28.1 mg/dL, P = 0.02). No significant changes were noted in the control group.
An Extended Adaptive Kalman Filter for Real-time State Estimation of Vehicle Handling Dynamics

This paper considers a method for estimating vehicle handling dynamic states in real-time, using a reduced sensor set; the information is essential for vehicle handling stability control and is also valuable in chassis design evaluation. An extended (nonlinear) Kalman filter is designed to estimate the rapidly varying handling state vector. This employs a low order (4 DOF) handling model which is augmented to include adaptive states (cornering stiffnesses) to compensate for tyre force nonlinearities. The adaptation is driven by steer-induced variations in the longitudinal vehicle acceleration. The observer is compared with an equivalent linear, model-invariant Kalman filter. Both filters are designed and tested against data from a high order source model which simulates six degrees of freedom for the vehicle body, and employs a combined-slip Pacejka tyre model. A performance comparison is presented, which shows promising results for the extended filter, given a sensor set comprising three accelerometers only. The study also presents an insight into the effect of correlated error sources in this application, and it concludes with a discussion of the new observer's practical viability.
Evolution of physiological responses to salt stress in hexaploid wheat

Significance Hexaploid bread wheat is generally more salt tolerant than its tetraploid progenitor. However, the physiological bases and the relative contributions of immediate effects of polyploidization and subsequently acquired adaptive changes in the salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat remained elusive. This study compared a large suite of morphophysiological traits in synthetic and natural hexaploid wheats, and their tetraploid and diploid progenitors, under normal and salt-stressed conditions, and studied subgenome-specific expression of a critical salt-tolerance gene, HKT1;5. Results have thrown light on the major physiological bases underlying salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat and revealed polyploidy-induced alteration in gene regulation under salt stress. These allopolyploidization-induced immediate molecular and physiological changes showed evolutionary perseverance and hence bear implications for polyploid crop improvement. Hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., genome BBAADD) is generally more salt tolerant than its tetraploid wheat progenitor (Triticum turgidum L.). However, little is known about the physiological basis of this trait or about the relative contributions of allohexaploidization and subsequent evolutionary genetic changes on the trait development. Here, we compared the salt tolerance of a synthetic allohexaploid wheat (neo-6x) with its tetraploid (T. turgidum; BBAA) and diploid (Aegilops tauschii; DD) parents, as well as a natural hexaploid bread wheat (nat-6x). We studied 92 morphophysiological traits and analyzed homeologous gene expression of a major salt-tolerance gene High-Affinity K+ Transporter 1;5 (HKT1;5). We observed that under salt stress, neo-6x exhibited higher fitness than both of its parental genotypes due to inheritance of favorable traits like higher germination rate from the 4x parent and the stronger root Na+ retention capacity from the 2x parent. Moreover, expression of the D-subgenome HKT1;5 homeolog, which is responsible for Na+ removal from the xylem vessels, showed an immediate transcriptional reprogramming following allohexaploidization, i.e., from constitutive high basal expression in Ae. tauschii (2x) to salt-induced expression in neo-6x. This phenomenon was also witnessed in the nat-6x. An integrated analysis of 92 traits showed that, under salt-stress conditions, neo-6x resembled more closely the 2x than the 4x parent, suggesting that the salt stress induces enhanced expressivity of the D-subgenome homeologs in the synthetic hexaploid wheat. Collectively, the results suggest that condition-dependent functionalization of the subgenomes might have contributed to the wide-ranging adaptability of natural hexaploid wheat.
Cardiovascular, Pulmonary and Renal Pathology Tim3 Is Upregulated and Protective in Nephrotoxic Serum Nephritis

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin protein-3 (Tim3) is mainly expressed on the cell surface of T-helper lymphocytes (TH) that negatively regulates TH-type 1 (TH-1) responses. Because blockade of Tim3 aggravates disease activity in TH-1–dependent diseases, we investigated whether Tim3 is involved in the pathogenesis of the TH-1–dependent nephrotoxic nephritis (NTS). We first evaluated Tim3 expression in mice after induction of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTS) and then studied the effects of anti-Tim3 treatment toward the course of NTS for up to seven days. Whereas Tim3 expression was undetectable in control mice, we found significantly increased Tim3 expression in kidneys, but not in draining lymph nodes, at one, four, and eight weeks after induction of NTS. Tim3-expressing cells that infiltrated kidneys of mice subjected to NTS turned out to be CD4 T cells rather than CD8 cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. Administration of a blocking anti-Tim3 antibody aggravated nephritis as shown by significantly increased albuminuria, respective histological changes, and increased expression of the kidney injury molecule lipocalin-2. In parallel , an increase of infiltrating T cells, macrophages, and macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokine formation as well as increased proliferation and apoptosis in kidneys of anti-Tim3– treated mice was detected. Together, we provide the first evidence that Tim3 is up-regulated in kidneys in NTS and that Tim3 exerts protective roles in the course of disease. (Am J Pathol 2010, 176:1716–1724; DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090859)
Ready, willing and able? Attitudes and concerns in relation to inclusion amongst a cohort of Irish pre-service teachers

Attitudes in relation to inclusive education have a direct impact on teaching behaviours, and are a significant factor in the success of inclusion policies. However, little is known about Irish pre-service teachers’ attitudes and concerns in relation to inclusive education, nor about the factors that may influence these variables. In the current study, a cohort of second-level pre-service teachers completed the attitudes toward inclusive education scale, the concerns about inclusive education scale, the teacher efficacy scale and a school climate (SC) survey. Results showed that the student–teachers were generally positive about inclusion, and were only a little concerned about the implementation of inclusive practices in their classrooms. The participants were least positive about including students with behavioural difficulties. A more positive SC was associated with higher levels of personal efficacy, and lower levels of concern. Results are discussed in terms of the construal of behavioural difficulties within Ireland, the influence of the placement school and the implications for initial teacher education.
ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Factors Tune S Phase Checkpoint Activity

ABSTRACT The S phase checkpoint response slows down replication in the presence of replication stress such that replication can resume normally once conditions are favorable. Both proper activation and deactivation of the checkpoint are crucial for genome stability. However, the mechanisms of checkpoint deactivation have been largely unknown. Here, we show that two highly conserved Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, Isw2 and Ino80, function to attenuate and deactivate S phase checkpoint activity. Genetic interactions revealed that these chromatin remodeling factors and the Rad53 phosphatases function in parallel in the DNA replication stress response. Following a transient replication stress, an isw2 nhp10 double mutant displays stronger and prolonged checkpoint activation without experiencing increased replication fork troubles. Isw2 and Ino80 are both enriched at stalled replication forks and physically and specifically interact with a single-stranded DNA binding protein, replication protein A (RPA). Based on these results, we propose that Isw2 and Ino80 are targeted to stalled replication forks via RPA and directly control the amplitude of S phase checkpoint activity and the subsequent deactivation process.
Factors associated with sustained community employment among adults with autism and co-occurring intellectual disability

Sustaining community employment is a challenge for adults with autism spectrum disorders, especially for those who have co-occurring intellectual disability, but factors contributing to this employment outcome have not been fully evaluated. This study utilized longitudinal data to explore the impact of contextual influences, family factors, and individual characteristics on sustained employment over approximately 18 months (N = 105). Very few adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability achieved sustained employment (14.3%). The results indicated that more independent daily living skills, a higher family income, a larger maternal social network, an inclusive school environment in early childhood, and currently living in an area with a larger population size were associated with significantly greater odds of sustaining employment. Follow-up analyses suggested that managing personal care is particularly important for employment.
Neural network differential equation and plasma equilibrium solver.

A new generally applicable method to solve differential equations, based on neural networks, is proposed. Straightforward to implement, finite differences and coordinate transformations are not used. The neural network provides a flexible and compact base for representing the solution, found through the global minimization of an error functional. As a proof of principle, a two-dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamic plasma equilibrium is solved. Since no particular topology is assumed, the technique is especially promising for the three-dimensional plasma equilibrium problem. In this Letter we propose a new method to solve differential equations based on neural networks. To demonstrate the potential of the method, it is applied to the two-dimensional plasma equilibrium problem. The general problem to which the method is applicable is of the form Ds s $ fs $ xdd d › $
Subtotal Versus Total Abdominal Hysterectomy for Benign Gynecological Conditions

Abdominal hysterectomy is the most commonly performed major gynecologic operation for women (1). It is considered a safe procedure with a low mortality rate for benign indications (2). In addition, it is associated with higher rates of patient satisfaction than other treatments for dysfunctional uterine bleeding (3). However, operative morbidity can be high since hysterectomy disrupts the local nerve supply and anatomical relationships (4).
Toward a practical wall see-through system for drivers: How simple can it be?

This study specifically examines wall see-through visualization for drivers at blind corners to prevent crossing collisions. We believe that realizing the desired effect with the simplest visualization is a key to building practical systems, although previous studies mainly targeted rich visualization as if the wall were actually transparent. We compared several visualization levels using qualitative and quantitative measures based on performance of the driver's collision estimation and the meaning assignment to visual stimuli. The results revealed that displaying only the direction of the obscured vehicle by a small circle is sufficient for collision estimation, although it was perceived as less informative. We also obtained a preliminary result indicating that the meaning assignment performance is significantly lower in a peripheral region of the driver's view. Although both collision estimation and meaning assignment performance are necessary for building an effective system, these results clarify that future studies must specifically examine the meaning assignment performance of the stimuli.
Understanding Patient Satisfaction, Trust, and Loyalty to Primary Care Physicians

The authors developed and empirically tested a model reflecting a system of interrelations among patient loyalty, trust, and satisfaction as they are related to patients' intentions to stay with a primary care physician (PCP) and recommend the doctor to other people. They used a structural equation modeling approach. The fit statistics indicate a well-fitting model: root mean square error of approximation = . 022, goodness-of-fit index = . 99, adjusted goodness-of-fit index = . 96, and comparative fit index = 1.00. The authors found that patient trust and good interpersonal relationships with the PCP are major predictors of patient satisfaction and loyalty to the physician. Patients need to trust the PCP to be satisfied and loyal to the physician. The authors also found that patient trust, satisfaction, and loyalty are strong and significant predictors of patients' intentions to stay with the doctor and to recommend the PCP to others.
Incremental Prediction and Moderating Role of the Perceived Emotional Intelligence over Aggressive Behavior

Abstract The aim of this research was to explore the influence of Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI) on aggression dimensions (Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Hostility, and Anger) above and beyond the effects of gender, age, and personality traits (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience), as well as the moderating role of PEI on the relationship between personality and aggressive behavior, among young adults. The Trait Meta-Mood Scale, the Big-Five Inventory, and the Aggression Questionnaire were administered to a 313 Spanish community sample, comprised of both males (39.0%) and females (61.0%), ranging from 14 to 69 years old (X = 24.74; SD = 9.27). Controlling the effects of age, gender, and personality, PEI dimensions (Attention, Clarity and Repair) accounted for 3% of the variance (p < .05) in Verbal Aggression and Hostility. Interaction analysis showed that all PEI subscales moderated the relationship between four out of the Big-Five personality dimensions (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience) and the aggression dimensions. Particularly, the interaction between Attention and Extraversion and between Clarity and Neuroticism were significant predictors of Total Aggression (b = .67, t(313) = 2.35, p < . 05; b = –. 71, t(313) = –2.50, p < . 05). The results show evidence of the predictive and incremental validity of PEI dimensions on aggressive behavior among young adults and of the moderating role of PEI on the personality-aggression relationship.
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Nonfreezing Drizzle in the United States and Canada

A climatology of nonfreezing drizzle is created using surface observations from 584 stations across the United States and Canada over the 15-yr period 1976–90. Drizzle falls 50–200 h a year in most locations in the eastern United States and Canada, whereas drizzle falls less than 50 h a year in the west, except for coastal Alaska and several western basins. The eastern and western halves of North America are separated by a strong gradient in drizzle frequency along roughly 100°W, as large as about an hour a year over 2 km. Forty percent of the stations have a drizzle maximum from November to January, whereas only 13% of stations have a drizzle maximum from June to August. Drizzle occurrence exhibits a seasonal migration from eastern Canada and the central portion of the Northwest Territories in summer, equatorward to most of the eastern United States and southeast Canada in early winter, to southeastern Texas and the eastern United States in late winter, and back north to eastern Canada in the spring. The diurnal hourly frequency of drizzle across the United States and Canada increases sharply from 0900 to 1200 UTC, followed by a steady decline from 1300 to 2300 UTC. Diurnal drizzle frequency is at a maximum in the early morning, in agreement with other studies. Drizzle occurs during a wide range of atmospheric conditions at the surface. Drizzle has occurred at sea level pressures below 960 hPa and above 1040 hPa. Most drizzle, however, occurs at higher than normal sea level pressure, with more than 64% occurring at a sea level pressure of 1015 hPa or higher. A third of all drizzle falls when the winds are from the northeast quadrant (360°–89°), suggesting that continental drizzle events tend to be found poleward of surface warm fronts and equatorward of cold-sector surface anticyclones. Two-thirds of all drizzle occurs with wind speeds of 2.0–6.9 m s 1 , with 7.6% in calm wind and 5% at wind speeds 10 m s 1 . Most drizzle (61%) occurs with visibilities between 1.5 and 5.0 km, with only about 20% occurring at visibilities less than 1.5 km.
Simulated Annealing for Sequential Pattern Detection and Seismic Applications

Sequential pattern detection with simulated annealing (SA) is adopted to estimate parameters and detect lines, ellipses, hyperbolas type by type, and patterns by patterns in each type. The motivation of the sequential detection method is to deal with multiple patterns. The parameters of a pattern are formed as a vector and used as a state, and adjusted in SA. A sequential detection algorithm using SA to detect patterns is proposed. It detects one or a small number of patterns at each step. SA has the capability of the global minimization. The six parameters of patterns are adjusted sequentially step by step. The computation can converge efficiently. In the experiment, the result of sequential detection is better than that of synchronous detection in detecting a large number of patterns. In sequential detection, detection of one pattern at each step can have less computation time and good convergence in total detection than using two or more pattern detections. In simulated seismic data, SA is applied to detect the hyperbolas in the common depth point (CDP) gather. In real one-shot seismogram, SA is applied to detect lines of direct wave and hyperbolas of reflection wave. The results can show that the proposed method is feasible.
The one-dimensional hydrogen atom revisited

The one-dimensional Schrodinger hydrogen atom is an interesting mathematical and physical problem for the study of bound states, eigenfunctions, and quantum-degeneracy issues. This one-dimensional physical system has given rise to some intriguing controversy for more than four decades. Presently, still no definite consensus seems to have been reached. We reanalyzed this apparently controversial problem, approaching it from a Fourier-transform representation method combined with some fundamental (basic) ideas found in self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators. In disagreement with some previous claims, we found that the complete Balmer energy spectrum is obtained together with an odd-parity set of eigenfunctions. Closed-form solutions in both coordinate and momentum spaces were obtained. No twofold degeneracy was observed as predicted by the degeneracy theorem in one dimension, though it does not necessarily have to hold for potentials with singularities. No ground state with infinite energy exists si.
Clinical and genetic uniqueness in an individual with MELAS

Mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis stroke like episodes (MELAS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with varying age of onset. It is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. Molecular etiology of MELAS is not known in several cases. We have identified a unique individual with late onset MELAS at the age of 55 years. We have analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of the tissue and blood samples of the patient. One novel heteroplasmic mutation (C13565A) in NADH dehydrogenase 5 subunit (ND5) gene was found only in the tissue sample but not in the blood. This mutation is missense causing a change of amino acid serine to tyrosine at position 410. This mutation was found neither in controls nor in world populations. This study has also confirmed ND5 as a hotspot for the mitochondrial diseases. This will be of great help for the clinicians in the diagnosis of MELAS. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of Haemogram Parameters and RBC Indices in Screening and Diagnosis of Beta-Thalassemia Trait in Microcytic, Hypochromic Indian Children

AIM: To assess the validity and discrimination power of haemogram parameters and RBC indices in diagnosing βTT in microcytic, hypochromic anaemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on the microcytic, hypochromic anaemic OPD and indoor admitted patients in Umaid Hospital, Jodhpur measured with electronic cell counter (Sysmex K800). HbA2 was calculated on the cohort by the Hb variant [Bio-Rad, USA] system by using the HPLC technique. The Hb, MCV, MCH, TRBC and four RBC indices ,Mentzer, Srivastava, Shine and Lal and England and Frazer were assessed for the positives on the basis of their individual ROC cut offs obtained in the study. RESULTS: Out of 848 microcytic, hypochromic anaemic patients, 185 were diagnosed thalassemia minor. The various haemogram parameters and RBC indices were then analysed . CONCLUSION: MCV≤59.9 fL and Mentzer Index≤12.45 were the best discriminating indices obtained with high sensitivity, NPV, YI and ARUC. No test or parameter though, had a 100 % sensitivity or specificity.