Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serendipitous discovery of a strong-lensed galaxy in integral field spectroscopy from MUSE

2MASX J04035024-0239275 is a bright red elliptical galaxy at redshift 0.0661 that presents two extended sources at 2\arcsec~to the north-east and 1\arcsec~to the south-west. The sizes and surface brightnesses of the two blue sources are consistent with a gravitationally-lensed background galaxy. In this paper we present MUSE observations of this galaxy from the All-weather MUse Supernova Integral-field Nearby Galaxies (AMUSING) survey, and report the discovery of a background lensed galaxy at redshift 0.1915, together with other 15 background galaxies at redshifts ranging from 0.09 to 0.9, that are not multiply imaged. We have extracted aperture spectra of the lens and all the sources and fit the stellar continuum with STARLIGHT to estimate their stellar and emission line properties. A trace of past merger and active nucleus activity is found in the lensing galaxy, while the background lensed galaxy is found to be star-forming. Modeling the lensing potential with a singular isothermal ellipsoid, we find an Einstein radius of 1\farcs45$\pm$0\farcs04, which corresponds to 1.9 kpc at the redshift of the lens and it is much smaller than its effective radius ($r_{\rm eff}\sim$ 9\arcsec). Comparing the Einstein mass and the STARLIGHT stellar mass within the same aperture yields a dark matter fraction of $18 \% \pm 8$ \% within the Einstein radius. The advent of large surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will discover a number of strong-lensed systems, and here we demonstrate how wide-field integral field spectroscopy offers an excellent approach to study them and to precisely model lensing effects.
Closure of "Particle Shape Effects on Packing Density, Stiffness, and Strength: Natural and Crushed Sands"

The size and shape of soil particles reflect the formation history of the grains. In turn, the macroscale behavior of the soil mass results from particle level interactions which are affected by particle shape. Sphericity, roundness, and smoothness characterize different scales associated with particle shape. New experimental data and results from published studies are gathered into two databases to explore the effects of particle shape on packing density and on the small-to-large strain mechanical properties of sandy soils. In agreement with previous studies, these data confirm that increased angularity or eccentricity produces an increase in emax and emin. Furthermore, the data show that increasing particle irregularity causes a decrease in stiffness yet heightened sensitivity to the state of stress; an increase in compressibility under zero-lateral strain loading; an increase in the critical state friction angle cs; and an increase in the intercept of the critical state line there is a weak effect on the slope . Therefore, particle shape emerges as a significant soil index property that needs to be properly characterized and documented, particularly in clean sands and gravels. The systematic assessment of particle shape will lead to a better understanding of sand behavior.
Variation of the Simple Present andPresent Progressive Forms: A Comparison of Native and Non-native Speakers

The variable use of grammatical structures by native speakers (NS) and how second language learners (NNS) integrate this information into their evolving grammars, has been a mounting focus of second language acquisition (SLA) research (Adamson & Regan, 1991; Geeslin, 2003, 2011; Gudmestad, 2006; Preston, 1993). Empirical studies indicate that the acquisition of variable structures can be assessed in terms of the frequency of use of a form, and the linguistic and social factors that prompt their use. At the same time, these investigations reveal that the SLA of variation is essential for acquiring native-like competence. The current study adds to this literature by addressing a generally unexplored topic in the field: the use of the Spanish present progressive by English-speaking learners (Bardovi-Harlig, 2000; Fafulas, 2010). English and Spanish differ in their expression of progressive aspect, at least in regard to present time reference (Bybee, 1995; Bybee, Perkins & Pagliuca, 1994). In Spanish, two verb forms, the simple present and present progressive, (example 1), while in English one form (be + V-ing) predominates (example 1b).
Production, Purification and Characterization of Tannase from Rhodococcus NCIM 2891

The study was done with the objective of tannic acid degradation by tannase from the Rhodococcus NCIM 2891 which is actually a desulfurizing bacteria. Rhodococcus NCIM 2891cultivated in medium containing 0.1% Tannic acid, produced tannase which showed maximum activity after 24 h. The enzyme was purified by DEAE cellulose ion exchange chromatography and was shown to be dimeric in nature it has two subunits as Tannase I and Tannase II, having specific activities of 0.23 U/mg of protein and 0.295 U/mg of protein, respectively. Both the enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 6 and 30oC. The Km of both enzymes was 0.034 and 0.040 mM respectively and Vmax of both enzymes were found to be 40 and 45 U/mL, respectively. SDS-PAGE analysis of purified proteins fraction revealed that their molecular weights are 60 and 62 kDa. Tannase I was completely inhibited by 10 mM Hg 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Co 2+ and Tannase I and II both was completely inhibited by1 mM Hg 2+ alone. The DNA damage- protecting activity of tannic acid and product obtained after tannic acid hydrolysis was assessed bringing about the DNA damage with H 2 O 2 + UV exposure in absence of the hydrolyzed products of tannic acid. The experiment was carried out by using agarose gel electrophoresis to analyze DNA damage in presence of H 2 O 2 + UV. However, there was no damage of DNA by H2O2 + UV exposure in presence of the hydrolysis products.
Effects of simulated chronic defoliation in summer on growth and survival of blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill) within young plantations in northern Victoria

Summary The combined effects of two consecutive simulated partial and total defoliations of upper, lower and total crowns of 1.7-year- old plantings of Eucalyptus globulus during summer on height, stem basal area and volume increment are described. One hundred per cent crown defoliation suppressed height increment relative to the control treatment soon after the second defoliation, whereas the 100% lower crown defoliation boosted height growth throughout the post-defoliation period. Stem basal area increments were significantly reduced only by the 100% total crown defoliation, which also suppressed stem volume increment relative to the other treatments. None of the treatments affected tree survival. The implications of the results for eucalypt plantation managers are that populations of insect pests likely to cause total crown defoliation during summer in young E. globulus stands prior to canopy closure should be controlled at the earliest opportunity with an effective and appropriately registered insecticide. No action is required when moderate to severe defoliation is expected in either the upper or lower crowns. Moreover, pruning of lower crown branches during summer could boost height growth and accelerate canopy closure, a condition which suppresses infestations by light-seeking leaf-consuming leafblister sawflies, leaf beetles and Christmas beetles.
Territorial songs indicate male quality in the sac-winged bat Saccopteryx bilineata (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae)

Defense of territories in many animal species involves the advertisement of territory holder quality by acoustic signaling. In the sac-winged bat Saccopteryx bilineata, males engage in territorial countersinging when reoccupying their day-roost territories in the morning and in the evening before abandoning the roost for the night. Females roost mainly in male territories, and territory holders are reproductively more successful than nonterritorial males. In territorial songs of male S. bilineata, we distinguished 6 syllable types and parameterized their acoustic properties. The analysis of 11 microsatellite loci allowed assignments of juveniles to their parents. Males had a higher reproductive success both when they uttered more territorial songs per day and when their long buzz syllables had a lower end frequency of the fundamental harmonic. Long buzzes had a harsh quality due to a pulsation of the fundamental frequency at the syllable onset and also had the highest sound pressure level of all syllable types in most territorial songs. Territorial songs and especially long buzz syllables are thus likely to advertise territory holder quality and competitive ability. Copyright 2006.
Abstract Number: 002-0066 Title: The Effects of Just-in-Time/Lean Production Practices on Worker Job Stress Conference: Second World Conference on POM and 15th Annual POM Conference, Cancun,

Number: 002-0066 Title: The Effects of Just-in-Time/Lean Production Practices on Worker Job Stress Conference: Second World Conference on POM and 15th Annual POM Conference, Cancun, Mexico, April 30 May 3, 2004. Authors: Jannis Angelis Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1RX, UK (E): jja22@cam.ac.uk. (F): +44 1223 765042. (T): +44 1223 338776. Robert Conti Bryant College Smithfield, RI 02917, USA (E): rconti@bryant.edu. (F): 401 232 6319. (T): 401 232 6462. Cary Cooper Lancaster University Management School Lancaster, LA1 4YX, UK (E): c.cooper1@lancaster.ac.uk. (F): +44 1524 594720. (T): +44 1524 594326. Brian Faragher School of Management, UMIST Manchester, UK (E): brian.faragher@umist.ac.uk. (F): +44 161 200 3505. (T): +44 161 236 3311. Colin Gill Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1RX, UK (E): cgg@eng.cam.ac.uk. (F): +44 1223 338177. (T): +44 1223 338776. Please consider the paper for the special issues of IJOPM and IJPE.
Interest rate pass-through and monetary policy transmission in Thailand

viii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review 7 2.1 Background 7 2.2 Determinants of interest rate pass-through 8 2.3 Interest rate pass-through in developed economies 10 2.4 Interest rate pass-through in developing economies 12 2.5 Interest rate pass-through in Thailand 13 Chapter 3: Hypotheses 17 3.1 Cointegration 17 3.2 Long-run pass-through 17 3.3 Price rigidity of short-run pass-through 18 3.4 Asymmetry of short-run pass-through 19 3.5 Sub-sample analysis 19 Chapter 4: Methodology 21 4.1 Cointegration 21 4.1. 1 Stationarity, integration and unit root 21 4.1. 2. Cointegration 22 4.1. 3 Engle-Granger’s two-step cointegration approach 23 4.1. 4 Engle-Granger’s two-step error-correction model (ECM) approach 24 4.2 Long-run equilibrium of interest rate pass-through 24 4.3 Dynamics of interest rate pass-through 26 4.4 Augmented error-correction model for asymmetric interest rate pass-through . 28 4.5 Sub-sample analysis 28 Chapter 5: Data 30
The IQWiG methodology paper version 1.0

As of April 1 2007, the German legislature stipulates that the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) will be commissioned to carry out evaluations of the benefits and cost-benefit ratio of pharmaceuticals. The results provided by IQWiG will support the Central Federal Association of Health Insurance Funds in setting the ceiling price for specific drugs that can not be included in a reference price group. The results may also be used to support the Federal Joint Committee in assessing the efficiency of medical interventions in general (see press statement of 24-012008 by IQWiG). In January 2008 a consultation document was published by IQWiG on ‘the methods for assessment of the relation of benefits to costs in the German statutory health care system’. This report has been produced by IQWiG in consultation with an international Expert Panel. In this report we used this consultation document as a basis for our comments on the methods to be used by IQWiG.
Vernalization response of plants grown from spikelets of spring and fall cohorts of jointed goatgrass

Abstract Jointed goatgrass is most commonly described as a winter annual species. However, it has been observed to produce spikes in spring crops, apparently without being exposed to vernalizing conditions. A controlled environment study was conducted to determine the reproductive response of jointed goatgrass plants grown from seeds of fall- and spring-emerging parent plants to various vernalization durations. Winter wheat was included as a control. Winter wheat spikelet production was dependent on vernalization, and the number of spikes per plant was 10-fold greater if the plants were exposed to 4 C for 10 wk. In contrast, jointed goatgrass spike production without vernalization remained as high as 50% of that produced by plants exposed to 10 wk of vernalization conditions. Jointed goatgrass is thus not as dependent on vernalization for reproduction as the comparative winter wheat standard. Apparently, jointed goatgrass is more a facultative rather than an obligate winter annual. Rotating to a spring-seeded crop should not be expected to completely prevent jointed goatgrass seed production. Fields rotated to spring wheat to eliminate jointed goatgrass seed production should be monitored, and jointed goatgrass should be hand pulled or otherwise controlled to ensure zero seed production. Nomenclature: Jointed goatgrass, Aegilops cylindrica L. AEGCY; winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Madsen’.
THE NEW HORIZON RUN COSMOLOGICAL N-BODY SIMULATIONS

We present two large cosmological N-body simulations, called Horizon Run 2 (HR2) and Horizon Run 3 (HR3), made using 6000 3 = 216 billions and 7210 3 = 374 billion particles, spanning a volume of (7.200 h -1 GpC) 3 and (10.815 h -1 GpC) 3 , respectively. These simulations improve on our previous Horizon Run 1 (HR1) up to a factor of 4.4 in volume, and range from 2600 to over 8800 times the volume of the Millennium Run. In addition, they achieve a considerably finer mass resolution, down to 1.25 × 10 11 h -1 M ⊙ o, allowing to resolve galaxy-size halos with mean particle separations of 1.2h -1 Mpc and1.5h -1 Mpc, respectively. We have measured the power spectrum, correlation function, mass function and basic halo properties with percent level accuracy, and verified that they correctly reproduce the ACDM theoretical expectations, in excellent agreement with linear perturbation theory. Om u nprecedentedly large-volume N-body simulations can be used for a variety of studies in cosmology and astrophysics, ranging from large-scale structure topology, baryon acoustic oscillations, dark energy and the characterization of the expansion history of the Universe, till galaxy formation science - in connection with the new SDSS-III. To this end, we made a total of 35 all-sky mock surveys along the past light cone out to z = 0.7 (8 from the HR2 and 27 from the HR3), to simulate the BOSS geometry. The simulations and mock surveys are already publicly available at http://astro.kias. re.kr/Horizon-Run23j.
Does Sustainability Engagement Affect Stock Return Volatility? Evidence from the Chinese Financial Market

This paper examines the impact of firms’ sustainability engagement on their stock returns and volatility by employing the EGARCH and FIGARCH models using data from the major financial firms listed in the Chinese stock market. We find evidence of a positive association between sustainability engagement and stock returns, suggesting firms’ sustainability news release in favour of the market. Although volatility persistence can largely be explained by news flows, the results show that sustainability news release has the significant and largest drop in volatility persistence, followed by popularity in Google search engine and the general news. Sustainability news release is found to affect positively stock return volatility. We also find evidence that market expectation can be driven by the dominant social paradigm when sustainability is included. These findings have important implications for market efficiency and effective portfolio management decisions.
High Doses of Ascorbate Kill Y79 Retinoblastoma Cells In vitro

Objectives: To tests the sensitivity of Y79 retinoblastoma cell lines to high doses of ascorbate, in vitro, and compare its effects with those of some chemotherapeutic agents routinely employed in the treatment of retinoblastoma.Methods: Y79 retinoblastoma cells have been exposed to increasing doses of either sodium ascorbate (SA) or Melphalan (MEL), to define a dose-response curve around the peak plasma concentrations reached by both chemicals when administered according to the existing therapeutic procedures and protocols. The assessment of cell number and viability was performed, before and after exposure, with both the manual (Trypan Blue Exclusion Test) and automated (flow cytometry) methods. Fluorescence microscopy and direct observation of cells in culture, with inverted microscope, were also performed.Results: Y79 cells are highly sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of SA, with cell viability reduced of over 90% in some experiments. As reported in the literature, this effect is directly cytotoxic and most probably mediated by acute oxidative stress on different cellular components. The same does not apply to Melphalan which, at the doses commonly used for therapeutic purposes, did not show any significant effect on cell viability, in vitro.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that high doses of SA can actively kill retinoblastoma cells in vitro. While it is not surprising for SA, to show direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells, the data reported herein represent the first evidence in favor of the possible clinical use of high doses of intravenous SA, to treat children affected by retinoblastoma. Given the many advantages of SA over the chemotherapeutic agents commonly employed to treat cancer (including its almost total absence of toxic or side effects, and its exclusive specificity for cancer cells), it is reasonable to assume, from the data reported herein, that the high doses of intravenous ascorbate, have the potential to represent a real revolution in the treatment of retinoblastoma.
Interaction Effects of In-organic N- Fertilizer and Seed Rates on Yield and Quality Traits of Malt Barley Varieties in the Highland of Tigray, North Ethiopia.

A new brewery factory has been constructed in Tigray region. In response, farmers are concerned to produce and earn premium price from malt barley. Besides, quality prerequisites for malting barley are objectively strict and mostly controlled by the growers crop management practice. However, there is limited/no information on the fertilizer and seed rate requirement of the crop that can achieve high quality malt without compromising yield and profit. Therefore, this research was aimed to determine the appropriate levels of inorganic N-fertilizer and seed rate on the yield and quality of malt barley varieties in three districts of Southern Tigray, North of Ethiopia. Treatments include two malt barley varieties (V1=Bekoji-1 and V2=Bhatty), seven N- rates (N0=0, N1=23, N2=34, N3=46, N4= 57.5, N5= 69 and N6=80.5 Kg N ha -1 ) in the form of Urea and two levels of seed rates (SR1=100, SR2=150 kg ha -1 ). The design was split-split plot with three replications. Varieties were put as a main plot, seed rate as a sub plot and the N-rates as a sub sub-plot treatment. The analysis of the separate and combined over locations revealed significant differences on grain yield (GY) and malt quality traits due to the main effect of treatments and some interactions. The effect of variety and seed rate were non-significant in response to GY. Highest value of grain yield (GY), hectoliter weight, plumpness, thousand kernel weight and acceptable grain protein content (GP) for malt barley was recorded at N5. The treatment without N-fertilizer application showed the least performance in above ground biomass and grain yield and malt quality traits. From the interaction of factors acceptable GP and higher grain yields were obtained from combinations: V2xSR1xN5 (GP=11.22%) and V1xSR1xN5 (GP=12.50%) at Ofla and V2xSRIxN6 (GP=12.28%) and V2xSRIxN5 (GP=12.09%) at Enda-Mekoni and V1xSR1xN5 (GP=11.94%) and V2xSR1xN5 (GP=11.44%) at Emba-Alaje. V2 x SR1 x N5 was selected as best combination in all locations. Bekoji-1(V1) at higher N-rates (N5 & N6) and SR1 at Enda-Mekoni was beyond the maximum acceptable limit in grain protein content. Regarding the profitability of the package highest net benefit and MRR were obtained from the application of N5 fertilizer rate at SR1 for both varieties in all study areas. Therefore, under similar environmental conditions the combination of V2 x SR1 x N5 is the best agronomic package for both grain yield and acceptable malt quality at all locations. In addition combinations of V1xSR1 xN5 can also be recommended for Ofla and Emba-Alaje districts. Keywords : Grain Protein, grain yield, N-fertilizer, Profit, seed rate, variety
Experimental and numerical (FSM) investigations of thin-walled beams with double-box flanges

In the paper, experimental and numerical investigations of thin-walled beams with double-box flanges were presented. They were a continuation of researches conducted at the Unit of Strength of Materials and Structures at Poznan University of Technology. Numerical results obtained with the Finite Strip Method (FSM) were compared with experimental ones and used for validation of analytical solutions.
Influence of Asphalt-Binder Source on CAM Mix Rutting and Cracking Performance: A Laboratory Case Study

Crack attenuating mixtures, denoted as CAM, are some of the mixes commonly used in the State of Texas (USA) to mitigate reflective cracking in overlays, both in flexible-hot mix asphalt (HMA) and rigid concrete pavements. Typically designed at 98% lab density, with high quality aggregates, these fine-graded HMA mixes are rich in asphalt-binder (minimum 6.5%), predominantly using PG 76-22. In this study, three PG 76-22 asphalt-binders from three different sources (denoted as A, B, and C) were evaluated in the laboratory for their potential to meet the CAM Balanced Mix-Design (BMD) requirements when used in combination with limestone aggregates and 1% hydrated lime. Laboratory tests conducted included the Hamburg wheel tracking test (i.e., for rutting and moisture damage [stripping] evaluation), the Overlay test (i.e., for cracking evaluation), and the asphalt-binder rheology, namely the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and the bending beam rheometer (BBR). The corresponding results indicated that not all PG 76-22 asphalt-binders are manufactured equally and that material source has a profound influence on both the asphalt-binder rheological properties and the overall performance of the resulting HMA mix. In fact, one of the PG 76-22 asphalt-binder graded out as a PG 82-22 and could not meet the BMD performance requirements for a CAM mix-design. As part of the quality control/assurance protocols and to ensure that the right materials “as designed and specified” are utilized, the overall findings of study suggests that it is imperative that all asphalt-binders delivered to a given construction site must be sampled and tested for its rheological properties and graded accordingly. Provided high quality materials are used, the study also indicated that a CAM mix could satisfactorily be designed at a lower lab density than 98% (i.e., 96.5-97.5%); which translates into cost savings in terms of the asphalt-binder content.