Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphofunctional changes in a rat model of Parkinson's disease - Effects of neurotrophic factors administration

La investigaci? n actual se basa en la b? squeda de estrategias terap? uticas que consigan detener el proceso neurodegenerativo de la enfermedad de Parkinson. Por tanto, la administraci? n de factores neurotr? ficos puede ser un tratamiento beneficioso. El objetivo de la presente Tesis Doctoral es la caracterizaci? n de diferentes modelos inducidos por la administraci? n en rata de 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA), que reproducen diferentes etapas de la enfermedad, y el an? lisis morfol? gico y funcional de los efectos de diferentes tratamientos. Por ello, se estableci? un modelo severo, administrando 6-OHDA en el haz nigroestriatal, un modelo parcial inyectando 6-OHDA en el estriado y un modelo precl? nico, en el cual tambi? n se administraba 6-OHDA en el estriado, pero con menor tiempo de evoluci? n. En cuanto a los tratamientos utilizados, se administraron microesferas de PLGA en el modelo severo y nanosesferas de PLGA en el modelo parcial, cargadas con VEGF y GDNF, para evaluar los efectos de la combinaci? n de ambos factores. En el modelo precl? nico, se administr? cerebrolisina y el alojamiento en un entorno enriquecido. Por otro lado, se administr? tambi? n un inhibidor de los receptores VEGFR2 y RET (vandetanib). VEGF y GDNF en combinaci? n, producen una mejora funcional y una recuperaci? n morfol? gica de las estructuras de la via nigroestriatal, mostrando un efecto sin? rgico. La combinaci? n de cerebrolisina y EE inducen tambi? n una neuroprotecci? n significativa en el sistema dopamin? rgico.
Teaching reading in today's elementary schools

This market-leading text sets the standard for reading instruction and provides preservice teachers with extensive coverage of strategies, examples, and study devices. The book balances new approaches to reading--such as language arts integration and emergent literacy/literacy as a continuum with the more traditional foundations of strong skills and phonics instruction. Coverage of current topics includes assessment standards, teaching diverse learners, technology and the teaching of literacy, and the role of parent-teacher communication in student success.
DCRN: Densely Connected Refinement Network for Object Detection

Object detection has made great progress in recent years, the two-stage approach achieves high accuracy and the one-stage approach achieves high efficiency. In order to inherit the advantages of both while improving detection performance, this manuscript present a useful method, named Densely Connected Refinement Network (DCRN). It adds the dense connection based on RefineDet. Compare to the RefineDet, our approach can take full advantage of the bottom feature information. DCRN is formed by three interconnected modules, the dense anchor refinement module (DARM), the dense object detection module (DODM) and the dense transfer connection block (DTCB). First module can make better use of the features from different layers to initially adjust anchors by attaching dense connection. The latter module takes the refined anchors to further improve the regression and predict multi-class label. Due to the dense connection in DCRN, the network parameters are reduced and the computing costs of this approach is also saved. Extensive experimental results on PASCAL VOC 2007 and PASCAL VOC 2012 demonstrate that DCRN achieves higher accuracy than the one-stage method and higher efficiency than the two-stage method.
TÜRKİYE’DE SEÇİLMİŞ MAKROEKONOMİK DEĞİŞKENLERİN DOĞRUDAN YABANCI SERMAYE YATIRIMLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN YAPISAL VAR ANALİZİ: 1990-2009 DÖNEMİ

Turkiye’nin en onemli ekonomik sorunlarinin basinda sermaye ve teknoloji yetersizligi gelmektedir. Ayrica reel gelirin dusuk olmasi tasarruflari yetersiz kildigindan, sermaye ihtiyaci ic kaynaklardan saglanamamaktadir. Bu nedenle gelismekte olan ulkelerde ekonomik buyume ve kalkinmanin saglanabilmesi icin yabanci sermaye yatirimlarina ihtiyac duyulmaktadir. Diger taraftan dogrudan yabanci sermaye yatirimlarinin gelisi ile ilgili kararlarda uretim faktorlerinin bol ve ucuz oldugu, ic piyasa talebinin yuksek oldugu, altyapi tesislerinin saglandigi ve yatirim tesviklerinin uygulandigi ulkeler tercih edilirken, yatirim yapilacak ulkedeki makroekonomik gostergeler onemli bir sekilde etkili olmaktadir. Bu calismanin amaci Turkiye’de dogrudan yabanci yatirim girislerinde etkili olan faktorleri belirlemektir. Bu amacla 1990-2009 donemine ait veriler kullanilarak disa aciklik orani, faiz orani, reel doviz kuru, net uluslar arasi rezervler, enflasyon orani (TEFE) ve GSYIH gibi makroekonomik degiskenlerin dogrudan yabanci sermaye yatirimlari uzerindeki etkileri yapisal Var analizi kullanilarak test edilmistir.
Understanding the essence and lived experience of self-care management among African-American men living with type 2 diabetes

Abstract Purpose: To explore, understand and describe the lived experience of African-American men (AA men) living with type 2 diabetes, with emphasis on capturing perceptions of challenges, facilitators and perceived barriers associated with self-care management. Materials and Methods: Participants (n = 19) were AA men ages 35-69 years, who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Participants were recruited via community outreach efforts, including barbershops and churches located in predominantly African-American communities in southeast US. Upon consent, individual interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and subsequently transcribed. Transcripts were analyzed using a phenomenological approach, and focused on identifying common themes among the descriptions of AA men′s experiences specific to type 2 diabetes. Results: AA men perceived their experience of managing type 2 diabetes as tedious, complicated, demanding, and frustrating. Common themes included the perception of family histories and personal behaviors as causes or contributors to the development of diabetes, albeit there was lack of clarity regarding biological versus behavioral familial contributions. Other theses included fears related to long-term complications of type 2 diabetes, and the critical role of social support as a factor assisting with self-care management. Limb amputation, insulin injections and vision changes were fears related to having type 2 diabetes. Commensurately, important referent others (e.g., family and close friends) provided critical encouragement and support toward managing their diabetes. Conclusions: Future diabetes research and education should give attention to how masculinity may have a powerful influence on diabetes management behavior among African-American men′s as well as utilizing preventive health services.
Microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a teaching hospital, Gujarat -

Background: Diabetic foot lesions are a major medical, social and economic problem and are the leading cause of hospitalization for patients with diabetes worldwide. Infection sometimes leads to amputation of the infected foot if not treated promptly. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify the bacterial pathogens associated with diabetic foot ulcer and to find out its antibiotic susceptibility pattern to reduce the risk of complications. Methods: Total 100 pus samples were collected from patients having diabetic foot ulcer, during July to October 2012. Samples were processed as per standard guidelines. Results: Out of 100 pus samples, 73 (73%) yielded growth of organisms making total of 92 isolates. Out of 92 bacterial isolates, 72 were gram negative and 20 were gram positive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa 25 (27%) was most common isolate causing diabetic foot infections followed by 20 (22%) Klebsiella sp. , 17 (19%) E. coli, 15 (17%) S. aureus, 6 (7%) Proteus sp. and 4(3%) Enterococci, 2 (2%) Acinetobacter sp. and 2(2%) CONS and 1(1%) Providencia. Out of 72 GNB, 50 (69.4%) were extended spectrum β lactamase (ESBL) producer. Most gram negative isolates were resistant to levofloxacin, gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam and gatifloxacin. All GNB were sensitive to imipenem. Out of 15 S. aureus, 9 (60%) were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusions: Pseudomonas sp. was the most common cause of infections. Most isolates were multi drug resistance.
THE PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS AND GROUPS OF THE KANIAMA DISTRICT (HIGH LOMANI, BELGIAN CONGO) AND THE ANALYSIS OF THE VEGETATION

RESUME Se basant sur la notion d'« element » (CHRIST, BRAUN-BLANQUET) et celle de « groupes de liaisons » et de « groupes pluriregionnaux » (EIG), l'auteur analyse d'abord la flore du district de Kaniama. Les subdivisions chorologiques de l'Afrique de LEBRUN, legerement modifiees, sont adoptees (Fig. 1). Cette analyse (Tableau II) indique une egale proportion de l'element guineen et de l'element soudano-zambesien. L'examen des groupes de liaison, joint au fait de la recolte plus difficile en foret dense humide, fait cependant pencher la balance en faveur de la flore guineenne. La repartition des groupes phytogeographiques en fonction des formes biologiques (Tableau III) indique la nature essentiellement forestiere de la flore guineenne (80 % de phanerophytes). Le tableau IV resume les donnees de l'analyse phytogeographique de 26 groupements vegetaux. On peut distinguer quatre groupes: 1. Les groupements ruderaux (n. 7 a 11) dans lesquels les especes pluriregionales jouent le role le plus important (81 a 9.
Evaluating optimization methodologies for future integration in building performance tools

Building performance simulation (BPS) is a powerful tool to predict and analyze the dynamic behavior of indicators such as energy consumption and comfort among others. Previous work has shown that the use of BPS is mostly limited to code compliance checking in the detailed design. Our long-term goal is to improve the use of BPS in the later phases of the design process by, for instance, indicating design solutions and by introducing integrated building and system optimization. In this context, we hypothesize that introducing a design optimization and exploration capability to BPS-tools can provide a valuable support for decision making. This paper presents preliminary results and experiences on extending an existing BPS – tool with a capability for single-and multiobjective optimization and parameter exploration. The focus of this work is on energy consumption and thermal comfort.
Information needs and information seeking behaviour of students utilizing electronic resources at the Library of UiTM Section 17,Shah Alam / Junaida Kamarudin

Students are increasingly expected to use electronic resources while at University. This study was undertaken to discover the information needs and the information-seeking behaviour of students utilizing the electronic resources at the Library of UiTM, Section 17, Shah Aiam. It was to determine the level of use of this type of resource, how students feel about various issues surrounding electronic resources and whether their knowledge and skills helps them in the utilisation of the electronic services provided by the library. A questionnaire survey was used for this study. Data were gathered from 180 students from various programmes who came to register at the Information Service Department where these electronic resources are placed. The data resulting from this survey revealed that within the survey population several significant relationships existed between major, gender, semester, year of respondents and the search strategies they employed as well as the ways they approached the electronic resources to search for information and the library that provides the service. Some of the findings were consistent with earlier studies; others reflected unanticipated trends in the information-seeking behaviour of the students. The findings also indicate that guidance in the use of electronic resources is necessary to help students meet some of their information requirements. Based on these findings, it was recommended that a more aggressive user education programmes should be developed and to propose an Information Literacy Course to be offer to students. This study updates the literature of the subject and may help the library of UiTM Section 17 to improve the electronic services to the students.
Türkiye’deki Yetişkin Eğitimi Araştırmalarına Toplu Bakış

Bu makale, Turkiye’deki yetiskin egitimi arastirmalarinin mevcut durumunu analiz etmeyi amaclamaktadir. Bu calisma, Turkiye’deki universite temelli yetiskin egitimi arastirmalarinin nicelik durum, sureklilik, arastirma konulari, yaklasimlari ve yontemleri acisindan analiz edilmesini hedeflemektedir. Bu makale, 1978- Mayis 2001 yillari arasinda Bogazici ve Ankara Universitesinde bu alanda yapilmis 110 lisans-ustu tez calismasinin incelenmesine dayanmaktadir
A Prospective Study of Risk Factors

Background: Sever’s disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is thought to be an inflammation of the apophysis of the heel, which is open in childhood. This condition has been commented on and looked at in a retrospective manner but has not been examined systematically. We assembled the most commonly cited theoretical causative models identified from the literature and tested them to determine whether any were risk factors. Methods: Children with Sever’s disease were compared with a similarly aged nonsymptomatic population to determine whether identifiable risk factors exist for the onset of Sever’s disease. Areas raised in the literature and, hence, compared were biomechanical foot malalignment, as measured by Root et al–type foot measurements and the Foot Posture Index; ankle joint dorsiflexion, measured with a modified apparatus; body mass index; and total activity and types of sport played. Results: Statistically significant but small odds ratios were found in forefoot to rearfoot determination and left ankle joint dorsiflexion. Conclusions: This study suggests that there is no evidence to support that weight and activity levels are risk factors for Sever’s disease. The statistically significant but clinically negligible odds ratio (0.93) on the left side for decreased ankle joint dorsiflexion and statistically significant and clinically stronger odds ratio bilaterally for forefoot to rearfoot malalignment suggest that biomechanical malalignment is an area for further investigation. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(2): 133-145, 2011)
Sobrepeso y obesidad en menores de 20 años de edad en México

Received for publication: 11-9-10 Accepted for publication: 11-11-10 An infrequent, but high impact, term is “nutritional transition”, which explains the coexistence of overweight and obesity with the ever-existing problems of malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies in Mexican children and adolescents. Excess weight in children is now one of the most serious public health problems primarily because obesity is a risk factor for several chronic conditions whose care and treatment require high financial costs. In addition, the epidemiological impact is that, apparently, there is a significant correlation between weight in childhood to that in adult life. In this regard, detection and early treatment of childhood obesity is important because it is the best time to try to prevent disease progression and its associated morbidity. In the last decade, obesity has become a silent epidemic that encompasses different aspects of social and public health, especially in school-age populations, adolescents and young adults. In Mexico, there is an increasing trend in this condition as reported by nutritional surveys carried out on three separate occasions. Obesity and overweight are defined as abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that can be harmful to health and are the result of an imbalance between intake and energy expenditure. This imbalance is often caused by ingestion of diets low in fiber, high in energy density, and sweetened beverages, combined with low physical activity (excessive use of television and video games). According to results from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) in 2006 and its comparison with the results of the National Nutrition Survey 1999 (NNS), the numbers of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents represented by the national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years according to the IOTF criteria (International Working Group on Obesity) was about 26% for both genders (26.8% in girls and 25.9% in boys). The most significant increase in the prevalence of obesity was in boys (from 5.3 to 9.4, 77%) and in girls (from 5.9 to 8.7, 47%) (Figure 1). With regard to the adolescent population, the prevalence of overweight was greater in females (23.3 vs. 21.2%). On the contrary, obesity was slightly higher in adolescent males. It should be noted that obesity is increased according to age gradient in the teenage years from 7.5 to 10.3%. The tendency for obesity in adolescents >15 years was more frequent in 2006. According to the behavior disaggregated by age, Table 1 shows that the percentage of overweight was higher among girls aged 5-11 years (18.1 vs. 16.5%). On the other hand, obesity was higher in children (9.4 vs. 8.7%).
Computer Assisted Instruction to Teach Item Selection in Grocery Stores: An Assessment of Acquisition and Generalization

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-based program designed to increase percentage of correct match to sample discrimination tasks and generalization of the skills to a natural setting. Four students with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities participated. The dependent variables were: (a) the percentage of correct match to sample trials completed on the computer and (b) the percentage of items correctly selected in the natural setting of a local grocery store. Pre and post generalization testing included locating items presented and not presented during instruction. The independent variable was a multimedia computer program entitled Project SHOP that provided instruction through interactive practice activities incorporating a graduated response criterion. A multiple probe design across behaviors and replicated across four participants was used to evaluate experimental control. Results indicated that following intervention, the percentage of correct response in the community increased.
Drug-Substitution Treatment in Germany: A Critical Overview of Its History, Legislation and Current Practice

Within a global context, Germany was relatively late in its acceptance of substitution treatment, having first introduced methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in the late 1980s. Since the early 1990s, Germany has taken a number of legal steps which favor harm reduction, assistance and treatment, rather than the law enforcement approach that was dominant before. As a result of this new commitment, Germany now also allows the use of non-methadone substitutes, such as buprenorphine, LAAM, dihydrocodeine (DHC) and codeine. A heroin maintenance trial has been scheduled to begin in early 2002. Despite the fact that the overall number of participants in drug-substitution treatment has risen over the past decade from about 1,000 in the early 1990s to more than 55,000 in 2001 and that MMT has been comprehensively evaluated in Germany with favorable outcomes, there remains a lack of availability of and accessibility to substitution treatment, due to rigid entry and treatment criteria imposed by the social health insurers (SHI).
An overview of Genetic Algorithms

ABSTRACT In this study, we examine the concept of Genetic Algorithms, which is high Way associated with Genetic and Natural selection. Considering the application of genetic algorithm to this problem because it is a computationally difficult problem whose solutions have clear environmental and economic impact and very straightforward encoding in genetic algorithms. The GAs is sold not only in the quality of its solutions but also in the time it takes to obtain its result.
Bone mineral density in children and young adults with beta‐thalassemia major conventionally treated—RESPONSE

To the Editor: We greatly appreciate the comments by Christoforidis et al. Meticulous management of anemia and iron overload in thalassemia has reduced the incidence of several long-term complications. The absence of reduced BMD in the patients studied by the authors could, thus, reflect local experience that differs from other reports [1]. However, we would caution against the lack of a significant number of subjects>15 years in the group.We have observed that BMD Z-scores in thalassemia can worsen with age during the adolescent years [2]. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is compromised acquisition of bone mineral content in the critical adolescent years due to overt or subtle endocrine problems. Hence, it would be of interest to examine whether the excellent BMD results observed by the authors would continue to remain in the normal range as the cohort grows older over the next 5–10 years. Reduced serum vitamin D level has been observed in thalassemia [3], but probably not to the extent reported by us and others [4] in patientswith sickle cell anemia in theUnited States. The presence of widespread deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D in our patients led us to propose that these could be associated with the reduced BMD. Correction of these deficiencies through dietary supplementation would, therefore, offer an approach for prevention of low BMD in sickle cell anemia.
Un nouveau gisement de vertébrés avec hominoïde dans le Miocène supérieur de Macédoine (Grèce)

Le nouveau gisement fossilifere Nikiti 1 (NKT), en Macedoine (Grece) a livre de nombreux fossiles d'Equides, de Bovides, de Giraffides, de Suides et un primate Hominoide. Deux especes d'Hipparion ont ete determinees, Hipparion macedonicum et Hipparion cf. primigenium, deja connus dans le Vallesien superieur de Macedoine. Parmi les Bovides, Mesembriacerus melentisi est caracteristique du Vallesien superieur mais nous avons aussi pu reconnaitre les genres Prostrepsiceros et Tragoportax
Interculturality in additional language teaching, reality or just another dream?

Considering that English is no longer a language that belongs only to its native speakers, but to anyone who wishes to use it, there is a need to change the way the language is taught. An intercultural approach to language teaching aims at preparing the learner not only to be able to speak the language, but also to develop cultural awareness, that is, be able to reflect upon their own culture as well as the culture of the other, being careful not make generalizations and create stereotypes. Having this in mind, this study aimed at understanding the relationship between language and culture in an English as an additional language classroom. For such, two classrooms, from curso extracurricular from UFSC, were observed throughout one semester to investigate if and how culture was approached during these classes. Besides the classroom observation interviews were also carried out with the two teachers responsible for the classes. It was possible to conclude that an intercultural approach to language teaching may be beneficial to the students, in the sense that it helps them be more critical about their own culture as well as the other, and also instigate them to reflect upon their actions. Palavras-chave: interculturality, additional language teaching, culture.