Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Emulsion and Nano-emulsion of Ziziphora clinopodioides Essential Oil against Escherichia coli O157:H7

a Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. b Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. c Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. d Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
Profile of amino acids, fatty acids, proximate composition and growth performance of Tubifex tubifex culture with different animal wastes and probiotic bacteria

Culture media will play an essential role towards the quality and the biomass production of Tubifex tubifex. The abundance of livestock wastes cannot be utilized but with the fermentation of various livestock wastes it is possible to be used as the cultivation media of T. tubifex. The aim of this research is to find out the best culture medium with different animal wastes fermented using the probiotic bacteria to increase the profile amino acid, fatty acid, proximate composition and growth of T. tubifex. The method used was the complete randomized design. Treatment in the study used 10 treatments with three replications, T0 is the comparator treatment. Media culture used chicken manure, goat manure, quail manure, rejected bread and tofu waste fermented with the probiotic bacteria; early planting with 10 g/container and maintenance of T. tubifex within 50 days. The result of this research showed a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the growth and biomass of T. tubifex. The most significant growth was found through the dense population and the biomass of T. tubifex at 42306.16 ind L and 172.19 gr, respectively cultured with the mixture of fermentation of media of 50 gr L of quail manure, 100 g L rejected bread, and 50 gr L tofu waste. The highest protein and fat were at 66.26% and 12.79% in the same medium, respectively and finally the highest profile of amino acid and fatty acid was found in lysine at 3.63%; linoleic acid at 7.25% and linolenic acid at 6.19%. In general, the content of ammonia, DO, temperature, and pH during the research were in the reasonable ranges of the T. tubifex life.
High-resolution fully-coupled atmospheric–hydrological modeling: a
cross-compartment regional water and energy cycle evaluation

Abstract. The land surface and the atmospheric boundary layer are closely intertwined with respect to the exchange of water, trace gases and energy. Nonlinear feedback and scale dependent mechanisms are obvious by observations and theories. Modeling instead is often narrowed to single compartments of the terrestrial system or largely bound to traditional disciplines. Coupled terrestrial hydrometeorological modeling systems attempt to overcome these limitations to achieve a better integration of the processes relevant for regional climate studies and local area weather prediction. This study examines the ability of the hydrologically enhanced version of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-Hydro) to reproduce the regional water cycle by means of a two-way coupled approach and assesses the impact of hydrological coupling with respect to a traditional regional atmospheric model setting. It includes the observation-based calibration of the hydrological model component (offline WRF-Hydro) and a comparison of the classic WRF and the fully coupled WRF-Hydro models both with identical calibrated parameter settings for the land surface model (Noah-MP). The simulations are evaluated based on extensive observations at the preAlpine Terrestrial Environmental Observatory (TERENO-preAlpine) for the Ammer (600 km2) and Rott (55 km2) river catchments in southern Germany, covering a five month period (Jun–Oct 2016). The sensitivity of 7 land surface parameters is tested using the Latin-Hypercube One-factor-At-a-Time (LH-OAT) method and 6 sensitive parameters are subsequently optimized for 6 different subcatchments, using the Model-Independent Parameter Estimation and Uncertainty Analysis software (PEST). The calibration of the offline WRF-Hydro gives Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies between 0.56 and 0.64 and volumetric efficiencies between 0.46 and 0.81 for the six subcatchments. The comparison of classic WRF and fully coupled WRF-Hydro, both using the calibrated parameters from the offline model, shows nominal alterations for radiation and precipitation but considerable changes for moisture- and heat fluxes. By comparison with TERENO-preAlpine observations, the fully coupled model slightly outperforms the classic WRF with respect to evapotranspiration, sensible and ground heat flux, near surface mixing ratio, temperature, and boundary layer profiles of air temperature. The subcatchment-based water budgets show uniformly directed variations for evapotranspiration, infiltration excess and percolation whereas soil moisture and precipitation change randomly.
Frame Rate Up-Conversion Using Temporal and Spatial Interpolation

Frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) is a post-processing method which converts frame rate from a lower number to a higher one. It is wildly used in video compression applications such as low bit rate communication, format conversion and motion blur elimination. In this paper, a technique on video FRUC is presented, which combines motion-compensated interpolation (MCI) as temporal domain process for initial frame generation and the non-linear interpolation as spatial domain process for pixel-based improvement. In the proposed FRUC scheme, the temporal domain process contains motion estimation (ME) to obtain motion vectors (MVs), MV merging to reduce computation complexity and bi-direction MCI (BDMCI) to reconstruct interpolated frame. In the spatial domain process, it first calculates spatiotemporal-gradient to set threshold for identifying reliable and unreliable pixels, then applies various non-linear interpolation methods to improve unreliable pixels according to pixel gradients. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides a better visual quality than conventional MCI method.
On the effect of individual headphone compensation in binaural synthesis

Transducers involved in the binaural recording and reproduction signal chain introduce unwanted spectral coloration, which can become audible as soon as a binaural simulation is directly compared to the corresponding real sound field. Spectral differences are mostly due to loudspeakers and microphones used for the measurement, and to the characteristics of headphones used for auralization. The influence of the headphone transfer function (HPTF) can potentially be compensated using inverse filtering. According to results of a previous study [1] comparing several inversion approaches for HPTFs, high-pass-regularized least-mean-square (LMS) inversion [2] proved to be a perceptively well-suited algorithm. However, audible spectral differences remained, originating, at least partly, from using non-individual HPTFs for inversion in [1]. Therefore, this study examines the benefit of using generic and individual HPTFs while still applying the described LMS inversion algorithm.
Effect of Phenol, Naphthol and Gibberellic Acid on Seed Germination of Allium Cepa L. (Onion)

The effect of phenol and naphthol was tested for seed germination of Allium cepa L. (onion) by measuring the germination percentages under different concentrations of both compounds. Seed germination of onion was significantly promoted by low concentrations up to 100 mg/L of both phenol and naphthol. Gibberellic acid ( GA3) was used to antagonize the inhibitory effect of the highest concentration (1000 mg/L) of the above mentioned compounds.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TRANSITIONAL FLOWS WITH LAMINAR KINETIC ENERGY

The article deals with the numerical solution of transitional flows. The single point k-kL-ω model of Walters and Cokljat (2008) based on the use of a laminar kinetic energy transport equation is considered. The model doesn’t require to evaluate integral boundary layer parameters (e.g. boundary layer thickness) an is therefore suitable for implementation into codes working with general unstructured meshes. The performance of the model has been tested for the case of flows over a flat plate with zero and non-zero pressure gradients. The results obtained with our implementation of the model are compared to the experimental data of ERCOFTAC.
New Evidence on Exchange Rate Exposure

This paper analyzes the currency exposure of industry stock returns. We show that when measuring currency exposure in regressions including the local stock market, one has to first, account for the currency exposure of the local market itself in the estimates, second, account for possible regime changes by the monetary authorities in exposure estimations, and third, use individual currencies of the major trading partners instead of a currency basket. When these issues are accounted for, exposure estimates are important in both an economic and statistical sense. These results are illustrated using data for Norway. The Norwegian case is particularly well suited for investigating these aspects of currency exposure since the economy is very open, has mainly dollar denominated exports and ECU denominated imports, and has had three official exchange rate policy regimes over the sample period. JEL Codes: F3, F36, G12, G18
COMPARING A RANGE OF SIMPLE PLUME RISE MODELS AND MISR AEROSOL HEIGHT MEASUREMENTS

Abstract. Rapid economic development leads to increasing sources of aerosols from both urban and biomass sources, which in turn have a significant impact on the atmosphere and the environment. There are significant differences however between urban sources, which tend to be emitted at low temperature, and biomass sources, which are co-emitted with a significant amount of heat. In this work, we first analyse the spatial and temporal distribution of aerosol height from 3.5 years of day-by-day global measurements of aerosol plume height from MISR from January 2008 through June of 2011. We next use a simple plume rise model (PRM) based on FRP and various meteorological variables both from MISR and from other data sources. We find that the PRM makes a reasonable reproduction of the MISR measurements in Western Siberia, Alaska, Central Canada, Argentina, and Eastern Europe, although it underestimates the MISR measurements everywhere. We compute the amount of aerosol above the boundary layer as well as its distribution, and find that the PRM can only come close to reproducing this in conditions which are dry and found in extra-tropical regions. In specific we find that there is a slight model improvement when we apply factors to the wind speed. In general, we find the results are optimized when wind speed is adjusted by 20% around the given mean value, and the vertical velocity is adjusted by −20% to +40% of the original value. The best fitting region, Argentina, is obtained with an RMS error (model biased low) of 0.39 km, when the horizontal wind is unadjusted and the vertical wind is adjusted by −20%. We further find that the PRM approach is not applicable over those regions which have the highest magnitude of aerosol emissions, as detected by OMI and MOPITT measurements of NO2 and CO respectively, leading to future plans on how to correct for and improve this approach.
Attitudes of Experienced Health and Physical Education Teachers Toward the Inclusion of Females with Physical Disabilities in General Health and Physical Education Classes

The purpose of this qualitative research study is to explore experienced health and physical education teacher attitudes toward the inclusion of students with physical disabilities, particularly females. Experienced was defined as having five or more years of experience teaching the subject. Data was collected for this study through seven semistructured interviews and a single focus group interview. Seven participants in total, four female and three male experienced health and physical education teachers, were drawn from the Greater Essex county District School Board (GECDSB). In addition, a subtle gender bias within these classes was also evident. Key factors that may impede upon experienced teacher attitudes included dysfunctional facilities for those with physical disabilities, a lack of resources, preparedness and inadequate training. Based on these findings, it is crucial that both educators and administrators question the current general health and physical education curriculum. In particular, it is recommended that teacher education programs must include appropriate training for health and physical educators with regard to how to appropriately instruct those with physical disabilities. Furthermore, educators can also broaden the variety of activity choices they teach in order to strive toward gender equity.
ePubWU Institutional Repository

We evaluate the external effects of 183 large mergers at the market level by assessing the impact on the main competitors of the merging firms. Using synthetic control groups and difference in difference estimation, we find that the return on assets of rival firms increases significantly after a merger. The size of the effect varies strongly with market characteristics and the intensity of competition. (JEL L13, L40, G34)
Metformin Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in People at High Risk for Development of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of metformin on cardiometabolic risk factors as visceral obesity, hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and arterial hypertension in hyperinsulinaemic normal glucose tolerant people with metabolic syndrome who represent a high-risk group for development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Methods: 52 participants (20 men/32 women) of mean age 40.1 ± 14.2 yrs were included in an open-label prospective one year observational clinical study in which cardiometabolic risk markers at three months intervals were followed. Metformin was applied at a mean dose of 2.55 ± 0.2 g daily on a usual diet and physical activity. Results: Body mass index, waist circumference, fasting serum insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance significantly reduced at 6, 9 month and at 1 year of metformin treatment (all p<0.001). Fasting plasma glucose and 2-h post glucose load serum insulin significantly decreased at 3, 6, 9 month and at 1 year (both p<0.001). Triglycerides, systolic and distolic blood pressure significantly decreased at 9 month and at 1 year (all p<0.001). LDL cholesterol significantly reduced at 9 month and at 1 year (p=0.001). HDL cholesterol significantly increased at 1 year of metformin treatment (p<0.001). Conclusion: Metformin reduces cardiometabolic risk factors in hyperinsulinaemic, normal glucose tolerant people with metabolic syndrome and could be considered as a therapeutic option for prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Chemically enhanced primary and tertiary treatment

General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal
Guests’ Motives to Write Positive and Negative 5-star Hotel Reviews on TripAdvisor

This study aims to examine which motives and review components drive hotel guests to write positive and negative reviews on TripAdvisor. Respondents are only TripAdvisor users who had left an online review message on Egyptian 5-star hotel services in the last year. Primary data was collected using a Web-based survey. Using regression analysis, the results concluded that there are differences between guests‟ motives in creating positive reviews in comparison to negative reviews on TripAdvisor. For positive reviews, only helping hotel, and social benefits were found to positively influence writing reviews on TripAdvisor. Meanwhile, for negative reviews, venting negative feelings, warning other consumers and social benefits had a positive impact on writing reviews on TripAdvisor. Furthermore, this study concludes that there are no differences in the effect of review components in creating positive reviews in comparison to negative reviews on TripAdvisor. For both positive and negative reviews, all the seven review components are positively impact writing reviews on TripAdvisor. These results enhance the understanding of what motivates guests to post hotel reviews on TripAdvisor, and thus hotels can encourage or discourage these
Comparing Health Care Financing in Indonesia and Thailand from 1995-2010: What Lessons Could Be Learned?

Purpose: In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) released its report about health system financing and identified universal coverage as the best way to attain the right of every human being to enjoy “the highest attainable standard of health”. Over the past decade, Thailand has successfully implemented a universal health coverage scheme for its population, while its neighbor country, Indonesia, is still struggling to achieve the same goal. The purpose of this paper is to compare the health financing systems between Thailand and Indonesia. Both countries almost have similar socioeconomic conditions and suffered from severe financial crisis during the late 1990s. The objective of this study is to examine health systems in each country and to determine lessons on how health care financing can affect the health status of a population. Methods: The study is based on statistical data from various publicly available resources. For analysis, the authors followed The Health Systems Assessment Approach: A How-To Manual Version 1.0 issued by Health Systems 20/20 supported by United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The countries were compared using three groups of indicators in health systems performance and functioning: 1. Health Insurance System, 2. Amount and Sources of Financial Resources, and 3. Health Outcomes and Health Workforce Density. Results: In comparing the health financing of the two countries, we found that Thailand initiated much earlier health systems reforms in order to achieve universal health coverage. Indonesia, while on the right track, has moved at a slower pace than Thailand. Thailand and Indonesia have shown improving trends over time in all indicators, but Thailand outperformed Indonesia, especially in the groups of indicators regarding the amount and sources of financial resources. Conclusions: One important lesson identified in this study is that health care reform is unlikely to succeed without strong political support and constant pressure from the nation as a whole, which can be represented by local organizations or professional associations. However, the mere increase of available resources devoted to the health sector does not guarantee significant improvements of health outcomes of a population.
Influence of Inspirational Motivation on Employee Job Performance in the Insurance Industry in Kenya

This study had two research questions as follows: What is the influence of inspirational motivation on employee job performance? To what extent does employee work value congruence moderate the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job performance? This study adopted the positivism research philosophy and correlation research design. The target population of the study was 676 lower-level managers from 52 insurance companies operating in Kenya as of 2017. A sample size of 245 was drawn using a stratified random sampling technique and systematic sampling. 245 questionnaires were distributed out of which 211 were completed and returned representing a response rate of 86% which was deemed as adequate for a correlation research design. The analysis of variance was used to test the hypothesis. The study concluded that inspirational motivation significantly predicted employee job performance. In addition, it was deduced that employee work value congruence had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job performance among lower-level managers in the insurance sector in Kenya. The study recommended that employees should tailor their values to fit into the culture and values of the organization for the organization to profit from transformational leadership.
Experimental veri cation and theoretical explanation of the Osamu Ide experiment

In a series of papers Osamu Ide has experimentally shown that by applying an electric pulse on a transformer, a current appears that does not have a counterpart in classical electrodynamics. This behaviour has been veri ed by own experiments. There is a short pulse of about 2 μs and an onset of current, which is signi cantly larger than the current to be expected from the circuit according to ordinary circuit theory. This non-classical behaviour can be explained by a model based on EinsteinCartan-Evans (ECE) theory which incorporates elements of general relativity. From this model, a di erential equation for the vector potential emerges which depends on the so-called spin connection, a phenomenon of spacetime structure. By using a parametrized model for the spin connection, the experimental curves for the on-set of current can be explained very well. This might be a mechanism of energy transfer from the nonempty vacuum.
Mapping hydrothermally altered rocks with Landsat 8 imagery: A case study in the KSM and Snowfi eld zones, northwestern British Columbia

Mapping hydrothermally altered rocks, which are common indicators of mineralization, is integral to reconnaissance mineral exploration. Multispectral moderate-resolution satellite remote sensing has long-been applied to map altered rocks, offering wide spatial coverage, low cost, and simple image analysis. Most previous studies have been in un-vegetated arid or semi-arid areas. Use of this technique in much of the Canadian Cordillera faces the challenge of extensive cover by vegetation, ice, snow, and water along with high relief. We use Landsat 8 imagery, generated in August, 2013, of the Iskut region in northwestern British Columbia, a recently deglaciated area with abundant porphyry copper-related gossans, to develop a regional map depicting hydrothermal alteration. Integrated with ground observations of rock type, alteration, vegetation, and overburden at 100 fi eld sites, traditional spectral unmixing image analysis was only partly successful in discriminating the spectral responses of altered and unaltered rocks. However, screening for the infl uence of topography (slope and aspect) was more successful. Our image-derived alteration map matched observations at 83% of the fi eld sites. Altered rocks were unrecognized by spectral unmixing at 17% of the fi eld sites, likely refl ecting weak alteration or limited exposure of altered rocks. Based on these preliminary results, spectral unmixing of Landsat-8 images that account for high-relief topography is a potential tool to identify alteration haloes in less well known mineralized areas of British Columbia.