Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food Matters: Food Insecurity among Pregnant Adolescents and Infant Birth Outcomes

their newborns; and (3) examine whether depressive symptoms, anxiety, nutrition and/or weight gain mediate these associations. This study extends prior research by differentiating between acute and chronic food insecurity, examining the effects of food insecurity on birth outcomes in a unique sample of urban adolescents, and attempting to understand the underlying mechanisms driving this association. Results may have implications for inter-generational effects of food insecurity on pregnant adolescents and their children. birth weight via the mediator of depressive symptoms. Acute food insecurity was associated with lower birth weight via the mediator of depressive symptoms. Food insecurity is related to these adverse birth outcomes, as well as to poor maternal mental health (depressive symptoms and anxiety) and health behaviors (nutrition). These findings contribute to a growing body of research that suggests food insecurity during pregnancy has a significant impact on birth outcomes. 13–15 By differentiating between acute and chronic food insecurity, we demonstrate that even acute food insecurity is associated with adverse birth outcomes. This is consistent with other research which has shown that even marginal food insecurity has negative effects on health, and is therefore important to examine. 40 Depressive symptoms and stress during pregnancy have been shown to be a risk factor for adverse outcomes for mothers and babies. 41 Our findings extend prior research by identifying depressive symptoms as an important mediator in the association between food insecurity and birth outcomes. outcomes once they are born. Caregivers in households struggling financially often have higher emotional distress and depressive symptoms, which adversely affects children’s health. This study highlights the importance of food insecurity for children’s health – both among adolescent mothers and their offspring. Programs and policies should target these vulnerable children to stem the “multi-generational” effects of food insecurity. Further research should be conducted on the effects of food insecurity during pregnancy for both mothers and children. Longitudinal studies following vulnerable mothers and their children should also be conducted to understand the effects of food insecurity across the lifespan.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DISPLACED FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES

5 List of papers. 7 List of abbreviations . 9 Introduction. 11 Aims of the studies . 15 Patients and methods . 17 Ethics . 17 Age and gender. 17 Randomisation. 18 Fracture classification . 19 Co-morbidity . 19 Anaesthesiological assessment . 20 Cognitive function. 20 Social situation . 20 Mobility . 20 ADL . 21 Hip function. 21 Quality of life. 22 Surgical procedures . 23 Postoperative mobilisation. 24 Prophylactics . 25 Statistical methods. 25 Results . 27 Study I. 27 Study II . 29 Study III . 31 Study IV. 33 General discussion . 35 Conclusions. 43 Clinical implications. 45 Treatment algorithm . 51 Implications for future research . 53 Abstract in Swedish . 55 Acknowledgements . 57 References. 59 3 Original papers I-IV. 65
Reproductive effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals, bisphenol-A and 17β-oestradiol, on Cerastoderma edule from south-west England: field study and laboratory exposure

Endocrine disruption has rarely been reported in field populations of the edible cockle and the context with the general health of the shellfish is unclear. This study examined the reproductive state of two Cerastoderma edule populations over a 6-month period to assess their reproductive condition, the incidence of intersex and presence of parasitic infection. A further seven native sites from south-west England were examined during the peak reproductive season to identify the presence of intersex within the region. Laboratory exposures of organisms collected from field populations showed a significantly female-biased sex ratio compared with controls when exposed to the endocrine disrupting chemicals, bisphenol-A (nominal concentration: 0.1 µg L−1) and 17β-oestradiol (nominal concentration: 0.1 µg L−1), but none of the chemical exposures induced intersex. Intersex was revealed in seven out of the nine native populations of C. edule sampled at peak reproductive season. The highest incidence and most severe case of intersex were reported at Lower Anderton on the River Tamer which also had a significantly female-biased sex ratio. Additionally, the dominant trematode family was the Bucephalaidae. Parasitic infection influences the maturity of C. edule by lowering both mean gonad index and condition index. These results suggest that endocrine disrupting chemicals could be contributing factors towards the development of intersex in C. edule.
Relations Between Dependency , Negative Affects , Interpersonal Difficulties and Self-injury

Research has shown that self-injury is associated with dependency characterized by fear of abandonment. Few studies have explored this relation, but emotional and relational problems, as well as some intrapersonal and interpersonal functions of self-injury, appear to be connected to both variables. With a sample of 58 outpatients, we assessed self-injury and its functions with the Inventory of Statements About SelfInjury, affective and interpersonal problems with the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and anaclitic neediness with the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire. The findings suggest that anaclitic neediness favours the experience of affective and interpersonal difficulties which influence the frequency of self-injury. Also, anaclitic neediness was found to be associated with marking distress, anti-dissociation, interpersonal influence and autonomy avoidance functions of self-injury.
Characteristics of new-particle formation at three SMEAR stations

We analyzed the size distributions of atmospheric aerosol particles measured during 2013– 2014 at Värriö (SMEAR I) in northern Finland, Hyytiälä (SMEAR II) in southern Finland and Järvselja (SMEAR-Estonia) in Estonia. The stations are located on a transect spanning from north to south over 1000 km and they represent different environments ranging from subarctic to the hemi-boreal. We calculated the characteristics of new-particle-formation events, such as the frequency of events, growth rate of nucleation mode particles, condensation and coagulation sinks, formation rate of 2 nm and 3 nm particles, and source rate of condensable vapors. We observed 59, 185 and 108 new-particle-formation events at Värriö, Hyytiälä and Järvselja, respectively. The frequency of the observed events showed an annual variation with a maximum in spring. The analysis revealed size dependence of growth rate at all locations. We found that the growth rate and source rate of a condensable vapor were the highest in Järvselja and the lowest in Värriö. The condensation sink and particle formation rate were of a similar magnitude at Hyytiälä and Järvselja, but several times smaller at Värriö. Tracking the origin of air masses revealed that the number concentration of nucleation mode particles (3–25 nm) varied from north to south, with the highest concentrations at Järvselja and lowest at Värriö. Trajectory analysis indicated that new-particle-formation events are large-scale phenomena that can take place concurrently at distant stations located even 1000 km apart. We found a total of 26 days with new-particle-formation events occurring simultaneously at all three stations.
Unusual Post-Spray Proton Transfer to Protein Using Acetone Spray inDesorption Electrospray Ionization

Although acetone, in DESI ionisation generally leads to protein aggregation, in this study we report unexpected multi-proton transfers to lysozyme using this aprotic solvent as a charged spray. The DESI/acetone mass spectrum of lysozyme displays (i) a significant increase in the average charge state (Zav) and (ii) an incomplete H+/Ca2+ exchange, even though the overall contribution of cationised species is high, relative to those from spraying with a methanol/water solvent. This behavior is contrary to that expected from gas phase basicity, because GBacetone >GBmethanol. Decreasing the amount of sample deposited on the target (from 50 to 0.050 pmole) leads to a charge state increase, as seen in ESI, but not in the extent of cationisation. Moreover, the DESI signal duration is extended with sprayed acetone even though the total ionic current is significantly lowered. With a d6-acetone spray, no incorporation of a deuteron occurs, and the ionization yield is strongly decreased for multi-protonated lysoi+ lysozyme. This is in contrast to that observed with a d4-methanol spray, which displays a distribution of 48 deuterons in the lyso9+ ion as shown in high resolution with a LTQ/Orbitrap instrument. This unexpected behavior of the (CD3)2CO spray suggests that protons do not originate from acetone. Furthermore, dry argon post-flow on the target surface results in the lysozyme signal suppression, whereas with a humid argon flow, the signal is regenerated. On the other hand, an argon stream bubbling in heavy water, yields incorporation of several deuterons. The interpretation of this behavior is explained by considering the acetone radical ions at the surface of the primary droplets (and/or offspring droplets and/or at the wet sample surface), being able to react with ambient moisture (or with traces of water adsorbed at liquid phase). Under these conditions, enough protons are produced to generate multi-charged solvated lysozyme aggregates which then become desolvated in the reduced pressure in the skimmer area.
Internet Banking Adoption in Jordan: A Behavioral Approach

Day after day, many enterprises make use of the Internet and cyber space to reach out to customers everywhere at any time. The banking industry, like other industries, is using the Internet channel to protect its current position against other virtual players who may provide more convenience and lower priced services. Internet banking (IB) is meant to provide 24/7 service for banking customers, yet the electronic channel comes with challenges as well as gains for both bankers and customers. This study aims to identify the important determinants of online behavior, particularly with respect to Internet banking and the technology acceptance research. The different technology acceptance models are discussed thoroughly in the literature review to explain the stages and the foundations that led to the formation of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). This work aims at investigating the viability of the aggregated technology acceptance model, the UTAUT, in a non-industrial country (Jordan). The research also permits an extension to the model by addressing the impact of web presence on the online behavior, namely website quality perceptions. The contribution of this work lies in several areas of implementation and empirical analyses. This research extended the UTAUT model to account for the online behavior. The extension comprised decomposing the technical sources dimension of the facilitating condition construct of the UTAUT and replacing it with the website design quality structure variable. The current work validates the UTAUT measures as developed by its authors, in addition to supporting the interrelationships among the key constructs in technology acceptance research. The proposed extension to the UTAUT model attempts to capture the impact of website quality perceptions on key constructs, namely performance expectance, effort expectancy and usage behavior. A restrict research methodology was used to test both original and developed hypotheses, the results show that website quality structure does impact usage behavior indirectly, through performance expectancy and effort expectancy. Discussion, conclusion, and further research area are provided based on the results of the research.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY

Limit the abstract to 200 words or fewer and concisely summarize the basic content of the paper without presenting extensive experimental details. Avoid abbreviations and references, and do not include diagrams. When it is essential to include a reference, use the same format as shown for the References section but omit the article title. Because the abstract will be published separately by abstracting services, it must be complete and understandable without reference to the text. 8 2009 MCB INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS MOL. CELL. BIOL.
Purification, characterization, and bioinformatics studies of phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase from Lagenaria siceraria

Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase (PAP), EC 3.1. 3.4, is the penultimate step in the Kennedy pathway of triacyl glycerol (TAG) synthesis leading to the formation of diacylglycerol (DAG), which is a key intermediate in TAG synthesis. We partially purified a soluble PAP from mid maturing seeds of bottle gourd, Lagenaria siceraria. The steps include both anionic and cationic ion exchanger columns. Catalytic characterization of the partially purified PAP revealed that the optimum pH and temperature for activity were at 5.5? C and 45? C. Under optimum assay condition using dioleoyl phosphatidic acid (DPA) as the substrate, the Vmax and Km were 0.36 ηkat/mg of protein and 200 μM, respectively. For the synthetic substrate, ρ-nitrophenylphosphate, ρ-NPP, the Vmax and Km were 33.0 nkat/mg of protein and 140 μM, respectively. The activity was neither inhibited nor enhanced by the presence of Mg2+ at a concentration range of 0 to 10 mM. Two major protein bands at 42-kDa and 27-kDa were visible in SDS-PAGE after partial purification. Bioinformatics analysis of tryp-sinized protein fractions containing PAP activity showed peptide sequences with sequence homology to various phosphate metabolizing enzymes including cucumber and castor bean purple acid phosphatase, polyphosphate kinase, fructose biphosphate aldolase, and enolase from various dicotyledonous plants including rice, corn, grape, and Arabidopsis lyrata.
Effect of dietary supplementation with treated amaranth seeds on fermentation parameters in an artificial rumen

The rumen simulating technique (RUSITEC) was used to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of amaranth seeds on the rumen fermentation and the concentration of fatty acids (FA) in fermentation fluid. Four fermentation vessels of the RUSITEC were used. The control diet (C) consisted of 70% meadow hay and 30% barley meal, whereas 10% of barley meal was replaced by milled (A mill ), mechanically ground (A ), and ground after heating in a microwave amaranth seeds (A heat+gr ) in other experimental vessels, respectively. All diets were isonitrogenous (11% of crude protein). With degradability of dry matter (DM) and acid-detergent fibre (ADF) not affected (P > 0.05), degradability of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was significantly decreased by the inclusion of A mill (P 0.05), compared to C, was found on the percentage of saturated or unsaturated FA, but changes in concentrations of some FA were observed. An absence of any detrimental effects on ruminal fermentation patterns indicated that grain amaranth seeds can partially substitute for the barley in ruminant nutrition.
Genetic and phenotypic variation in feed intake, feed efficiency and growth in beef cattle.

A total of 966 bulls and heifers were tested for postweaning feed intake, effkiency and growth traits to determine whether genetic variation in efficiency exists. Estimates of heritability for average daily gain, 365&y weight, feed intake, net (residual) feed intake, feed conversion ratio, fat depth at the 12thI13th rib and eye muscle area were 0.41 f 0.08, 0.68 f 0.08, 0.59 f 0.07, 0.44 f 0.07, 0.3 1 f 0.09, 0.47 f 0.08 and 0.3 1 + 0.08 respectively. Phenotypic correlations of net feed intake with average daily gain, 365-day weight and eye muscle area were non-significant, while correlations with feed intake, feed conversion ratio and rib fat depth were 0.52, 0.51 and 0.19 respectively. The results indicate that genetic variation in net feed conversion efficiency exists in Australian beef cattle and is moderately heritable.
Responses of Birds to Humans at a Coastal Barrier Beach: Napatree Point, Rhode Island

Abstract Human activity is one of the most important factors affecting disturbance to birds that use coastal barrier beaches in southern New England. The barrier beach at Napatree Point, RI, provides important breeding habitat for several bird species, key stopover habitat for thousands of migrating shorebirds, and is also a popular destination for people. Anecdotal evidence suggested that walkers, joggers, dogs, and watercraft were disrupting birds that foraged and roosted at this site. Our objectives were to characterize the frequency and sources of disturbance to birds and use this information to develop management recommendations to minimize the frequency of human disturbances to birds at Napatree Point. We conducted 106 hours of observation from May through August in 2013. Of 211 flight responses, the most common sources of disturbance to birds were beach walkers (57.8%), motorboats (8.5%), kayaks (8.5%), bird watchers (7.6%), and anglers (6.2%). Birds typically flushed when pedestrians (e.g., walkers, bird watchers, and anglers) were within 39 ± 24 m (median ± inter-quartile range) and watercraft (e.g., motorboats and kayaks) were within 38 ± 33 m. Flight responses were positively correlated with the number of people on the beach and the number of boats in the area. Disturbances to birds peaked in July when human visitation was highest. Using a spatially explicit density map of flight-initiation distance vectors, we identified the most important area to set as a buffer zone for human access if managers seek to reduce the frequency of human disturbances to birds at Napatree Point.
Acting Training , Theory of Mind , and Empathy : Is There a Relationship ?

Acting requires an actor to understand the character’s mental world and the experience of the character’s feelings. Acting thus involves what is referred to in psychological terms as theory of mind (the ability to understand and interpret other individuals’ mental and emotional states) and empathy (the ability to experience the feelings of others). This exploratory study compared the ToM and empathy of 20 theatre and performance students with different levels of acting training. The ToM measures used were Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). The empathy measures used were the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and the Empathy Quotient (EQ). No significant differences were found between the levels of ToM and empathy of the novice and experienced group. The small sample size of this study raises the possibility that studies with larger sample sizes might still find that acting training teaches and develops ToM and empathy. Additionally the study also investigated the measures used for ToM and empathy. The results of the ToM measures raised concerns regarding whether these measures are sensitive enough for high functioning individuals, particularly actors. Both empathy measures were found to be reliable.
The serious and violent offender reentry initiative: measuring the effects on service delivery

In 2003, the Federal government provided funds to 69 state agencies to implement reentry programs for adult and juvenile prisoners. The Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) programs partner correctional or juvenile justice agencies with other government, community, and faith-based organizations to provide a range of services to participating individuals. A fully implemented SVORI program incorporates assessment, services, and programming for offenders while incarcerated, under supervision in the community, and once released from supervision. The individual SVORI programs share the common goals of improving employment, education, health, housing, and criminal justice outcomes. Each program, however, is unique in the approach taken and array of services implemented to address these common goals. Measuring the implementation of multi-faceted programs is a challenge for researchers and one that the SVORI multi-site evaluation is confronting. In this paper, we describe an approach to categorize the types of services being provided that incorporates both the number of services provided and the proportion of individuals receiving each service for each service group.
Geodynamic and Tectonostratigrafic Study of a Continental Rift: The Triassic Cuyana Basin, Argentina

© 2012 Barredo, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Geodynamic and Tectonostratigrafic Study of a Continental Rift: The Triassic Cuyana Basin, Argentina
Hydrogeochemical and Groundwater Quality Studies in the Northern Part of the Densu River Basin of Ghana

Agriculture, rapid urbanization and geochemical processes have direct or indirect effects on the chemical composition of groundwater and aquifer geochemistry. Hydrochemical investigations which are significant for assessment of water quality have been carried out to study the source of dissolve ions in the groundwater in some rural communities in the northern part of the Densu River basin. Twenty six samples comprising of twenty one boreholes, one hand-dug well and four surface waters were sampled for this study. The samples were analyzed in-situ for pH, Conductivity and salinity using a Hach potable meter, bicarbonate using a digital titrator. Major ions such as Na+, Ca2+, K+, SO42-, NO3-, Cl- etc were analyzed using ion-chromatography, flame photometer and Atomic Absorption spectrometer. The results showed that the groundwater in the study area are fresh and low in TDS (49.5-361 mg/l) and generally mildly acidic to alkaline (pH 5.57-7.48). The ground water quality of the study area are suitable for domestic purposes, since most of the parameters measured were within the WHO recommended values for drinking water, with the exception of nitrate (NO3--N which showed an elevated concentration in most of the samples (about 60%). Higher concentrations of NO3-, Cl-, SO42- etc were observed at the middle portion of the basin where there is extensive agriculture and rapid urbanization. The Piper diagram shows three major water types namely Na-Cl or Na-HCO3-Cl, Na-Mg-Ca-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 water types and Ca-Mg-HCO3 as minor about (8%) which are moderately mineralized. Ion-exchange, Weathering, Oxidation and Dissolution of minerals were found to be the major geochemical processes governing the groundwater evolution in the study area.
Fusion Welding of Glass Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses with High-repetition Rates

into borosili-cate glass (Schott D263) at different pulse energies, repetition rates and traveling velocities for local melting. The temperature distribution was calculated using a thermal conduction model where instan-taneous heat is periodically deposited in a moving rectangular solid. The nonlinear absorptivity of the femtosecond laser pulses increased significantly as the repetition rate increased by the contribution of avalanche ionization caused by the increase in temperature at the laser-irradiation region. The calcu-lated values agreed well with the experimental melt dimensions in a velocity range of