Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The 1963 Vaiont

On the 9 October 1963 a catastrophic landslide suddenly occurred on the southern slope of the Vajont dam reservoir. A mass of approximately 270 million m collapsed into the reservoir generating a wave which overtopped the dam and hit the town of Longarone and other villages: almost 2000 people lost their lives. Many studies and researches were carried out on the geological and geomechanical aspects and several attempts were made to explain the kinematics and dynamics of the landslide. This large mass of studies and researches has greatly increased the understanding of such phenomena, recognizing their precursory activity, predicting their dynamic behaviour and identifying likely areas of triggering and deposition. This paper reports briefly all the information reported in related papers, referring to the geological studies, to the chronology of events before 9 October 1963 and to the different interpretations of the landslide triggering and actual mechanics and dynamics. Key terms: Landslide, Vaiont, Engineering Geology, Geology, Geomorphology
Partisan selective exposure in online news consumption: evidence from the 2016 presidential campaign

Abstract Where do partisans get their election news in the contemporary media environment? We track the online news consumption of a national sample during the 2016 presidential campaign. We find levels of partisan isolation in news exposure are two to three times greater than in prior studies, although the absolute level of isolation remains modest. The partisan divide for election-related news exceeds the divide for non-political news. This tendency of partisans to follow like-minded news providers occurs despite the relatively small differences in the partisan slant of the content offered by the majority of sources they visited. Finally, we find that partisans who gravitated to congenial news providers did not shift their evaluations of the presidential candidates during the campaign.
ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AND TURNOVER INTENTION OF EMPLOYEES IN THE TURKISH CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Organizational identification is an important work attitude that affects performance and job satisfaction. Hence, exploring antecedents of organizational identification in organization settings within the construction industry is vital in understanding the role of organizational identification in performance outcomes. Organizational identification, which refers to an individual's psychological attachment to the organization, has gained increasing attention because of its assumed link with behavior associated with enhanced organizational performance. Yet little work has been done on what fosters organizational identification, particularly within the context of construction industry. The main aim of this study is to determine the relationships among organizational communication, selfconstrual, perceived external prestige, organizational communication, turnover intention and organizational identification within the context of Turkish Construction Industry. A research model, which incorporates these relationships will be developed and tested. It is proposed that collectivistic aspects of Turkish culture may influence the strength of an employee’s identification with the organization. A questionnaire accessible through Internet has been developed to collect information for measuring the study variables. Respondents in the present study are employees working in the construction industry. The questionnaire survey will be conducted through standardized assessment instruments. It is hoped that the findings will enhance our understanding of the nature and consequences of organizational identification among employees in the construction sector.
New paradigm of immune checkpoint immunotherapy in sepsis

Sepsis is a severe life-threatening infection with organ dysfunction, initiating a complex interplay of host pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. In particular, the number of T-cells decreases as thymic function decreases. Sepsis could accurately be regarded as a race to the death between pathogens and the host immune system. It is the proper balance between often competing proand anti-inflammatory pathways that determines the fate of the individual. The current study discusses the roles of costimulatory molecules, regulatory T-cells, and neuroendocrine factors in the immunosenescence of sepsis, aiming to build a novel understanding of this disorder by exploring potential targets for immune therapy. The final goal is to improve sepsis outcomes.
ELABORATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SiC / TiAl COMPOSITES

Titanium aluminide matrix composites based on TiAl reinforced with long silicon carbide fibers are developed for a variety of future engine and airframe applications in the aerospace industry. These composites are attractive for their low density and high mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. However the use of these composites requires to overcome their brittleness at room temperature and to develop a specific fabrication method. The aim of the present work concerns the second point. Two types of long fibers were used : the BP SM 1240 and SCS-6 silicon carbide monofilaments. SM 1240/Ti-48Al-2V and SCS-6/Ti-48Al-2V monotapes were firstly prepared by arc plasma spraying. We have then investigated the conditions under which a Ti-48Al-2V alloy powder could be consolidated and the kinetics of fiber damage by chemical reaction with the TiAl base matrix during consolidation. Composite samples were finally fabricated by uniaxial hot-pressing of monotapes and the fiber/matrix interface was characterized.
DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF LOCAL CURRENCY BONDS IN EMERGING MARKETS : PRIMARY EVIDENCE FROM A NEW DATASET by Alessio Ciarlone

Using a new database comprising issues of all maturities for a set of 13 emerging markets economies over the period 1999-2005, we model demand and supply of local currency government bonds. Our findings suggest that good institutions and sound macroeconomic policies (resulting in low volatility of inflation and low levels of public debt) foster demand for local currency bonds. We also find that the size of the economy (as measured by the level of GDP) as well as the depth of the financial system (as proxied by the stock of domestic credit to the private sector) are important to underpin the demand for such instruments. On the supply side, we find that the higher is the cost of issuing on international markets the higher is the net issuance on local markets. Finally, the demand for longer-term bonds as well turns out to be closely connected with macroeconomic stability and the quality of institutional framework. JEL Classification numbers: C23, F34
AFFINE INVARIANT IMAGE COMPARISON UNDER REPETITIVE STRUCTURES

We focus on the problem of affine invariant image comparison in the presence of noise and repetitive structures. The classic scheme of keypoints, descriptors and matcher is used. A local field of image gradient orientation is used as descriptor and two matchers are proposed, based on the a-contrario theory, for handling repetitive structures. The affine invariance is obtained by affine simulations. The proposed methods achieve state-of-the-art performances under repetitive structures.
Wildfire Smoke Detection using Convolutional Neural Networks

Wildfires pose a threat to nature and human health especially in the age of global warming. Their early detection is key to an effective fighting, because once a wildfire reaches a certain size it can be hardly controlled. Consequently, automated wildfire detection systems have been developed to aid rangers in their work to prevent wildfire hazards. One of the most successful systems was developed by the German aerospace center DLR (Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt) and relies on sophisticated hand-crafted features. The algorithm behind this system is called fshell. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are specialized artificial neural networks that are the state-of-the-art for image recognition tasks. It is therefore investigated if these trainable models can be applied to the wildfire detection problem to improve the performance of existing systems. Besides CNNs that use spatial features only, C3D networks that can also extract temporal features are considered. To tackle the detection of smoke in a larger image, a selective search variant was developed, that preselects regions of observable motion, which are then classified by the actual models. The results clearly show that the trained networks learned to distinguish wildfire smoke from other objects, although they do not reach the fshell’s performance. However, fshell makes use of additional prior knowledge whereas the CNNs rely on image data only. The results also show that C3D networks are the best performing single models, suggesting that the use of temporal features is important for accurate detection.
COMPARATIVE ADAPTABLE AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF BLACKGRAM AND MUNGBEAN FOR SALINE LANDS

Blackgram, variety BARI Mash-1 and mungbean variety BARI Mung-5 were tested under five salinity levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM NaCl) in a shade house at Agronomy research field of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh during 2014 to investigate the comparative agronomic traits of black gram and mungbean as influenced by salt stress. In both crops, salinity stress remarkably reduced the morphological characteristics viz plant height, number of branches per plant and yield attributed traits such as total pods per plant, pod length, grains per pod, 100-grain weight as well as grain yield and stover yield per plant. Under all salinity levels, black gram produced the lower reduction of number of grains per pod than mungbean. Althrough, mungbean produced the higher 100-grain weight than in black gram in control treatment but the reduction was finally more in mungbean than black gram due to salt stresses. Black gram and mungbean showed 36.71% and 49.45% reduction of 100-grain weight, respectively under 90 mM NaCl salt stress. The grain yield per plant highly hampered in mungbean (97.62% to control) while black gram showed about 86.75% reduction under high salt stress (120 mM NaCl). Blackgram may be considered more salt tolerant than mungbean byenvising all of the above parameters.
IIV-6 Inhibits NF-kappaB Responses in Drosophila IIV-6 Inhibits NF-kappaB Responses in Drosophila

: The host immune response and virus-encoded immune evasion proteins pose constant, mutual selective pressure on each other. Virally encoded immune evasion proteins also indicate which host pathways must be inhibited to allow for viral replication. Here, we show that IIV-6 is capable of inhibiting the two Drosophila NF- κ B signaling pathways, Imd and Toll. Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene induction downstream of either pathway is suppressed when cells infected with IIV-6 are also stimulated with Toll or Imd ligands. We ﬁnd that cleavage of both Imd and Relish, as well as Relish nuclear translocation, three key points in Imd signal transduction, occur in IIV-6 infected cells, indicating that the mechanism of viral inhibition is farther downstream, at the level of Relish promoter binding or transcriptional activation. Additionally, ﬂies co-infected with both IIV-6 and the Gram-negative bacterium, Erwinia carotovora carotovora , succumb to infection more rapidly than ﬂies singly infected with either the virus or the bacterium. These ﬁndings demonstrate how pre-existing infections can have a dramatic and negative e ﬀ ect on secondary infections, and establish a Drosophila model to study confection susceptibility. lethality lethality IIV-6 an underlying IIV-6 infection can have a dramatic e ﬀ ect on a secondary bacterial infection, causing ﬂies to be far more susceptible to Ecc15 infection than una ﬀ ected animals. the critical role of the Imd pathway in defending against Ecc15 infection, results are consistent with the inhibition of Imd signaling observed in IIV-6 infected S2* cells and adult ﬂies.
Movement types, Repetition, and Feature Organization in Hong Kong Sign Language

Movement is one of the major phonological parameters in sign phonology. However, there has been a lack of consensus on how to characterize it, in particular, how to organize movement types and their associated features in a phonological representation. In this chapter, we revisit features involving repetitions in Hong Kong Sign Language (HKSL) documented in a HKSL dictionary (Tang 2007). We propose the features [repeat] and [return] to capture the different realizations of “repetitions” in the lexical signs of HKSL, which may take the forms of non-repeated movements, unidirectional repetitions, bidirectional repetitions, repeated local movements, returned movements and trills. We argue that repetition in HKSL involves a set of independent features which can occur at various nodes of the feature hierarchy. We propose that there is a Movement Feature (MF) node in the feature geometry under which path or local movements are grouped as sister nodes. Orientation and aperture changes are then sister nodes under the local movement node. Repetition features may occur at either the MF node or at the path or local movement node, but not lower down because they do not co-occur with either the orientation or aperture change terminal nodes.
Targeting the “undruggable” RAS - new strategies - new hope?

K-RAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in solid tumors, such as pancreatic, colon or lung cancer. The GTPase K-RAS can either be in an active (GTP-loaded) or inactive (GDP-loaded) form. In its active form K-RAS forwards signals from growth factors, cytokines or hormones to the nucleus, regulating essential pathways, such as cell proliferation and differentiation. In turn, activating somatic mutations of this proto-oncogene deregulate the complex interplay between GAP (GTPase-activating) - and GEF (Guanine nucleotide exchange factor) - proteins, driving neoplastic transformation. Due to a rather shallow surface, K-RAS lacks proper binding pockets for small molecules, hindering drug development over the past thirty years. This review summarizes recent progress in the development of low molecular antagonists and further shows insights of a newly described interaction between mutant K-RAS signaling and PD-L1 induced immunosuppression, giving new hope for future treatments of K-RAS mutated cancer.
2 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Simultaneous Stabilization

In this paper, we present a new necessary and sufficient condition for simultaneous stabilization and new sufficient conditions for the existence of a simultaneously stabilizing controller, both derived from a polynomial approach. The additional requirements for the controller itself to be either stable or a Unit in H are also given. These new sufficient conditions are general in nature and are shown to reduce in special cases to several published papers. Examples illustrate the extensions.
$\texttt{DeepSqueeze}$: Decentralization Meets Error-Compensated Compression

Communication is a key bottleneck in distributed training. Recently, an \emph{error-compensated} compression technology was particularly designed for the \emph{centralized} learning and receives huge successes, by showing significant advantages over state-of-the-art compression based methods in saving the communication cost. Since the \emph{decentralized} training has been witnessed to be superior to the traditional \emph{centralized} training in the communication restricted scenario, therefore a natural question to ask is "how to apply the error-compensated technology to the decentralized learning to further reduce the communication cost. " However, a trivial extension of compression based centralized training algorithms does not exist for the decentralized scenario. key difference between centralized and decentralized training makes this extension extremely non-trivial. In this paper, we propose an elegant algorithmic design to employ error-compensated stochastic gradient descent for the decentralized scenario, named $\texttt{DeepSqueeze}$. Both the theoretical analysis and the empirical study are provided to show the proposed $\texttt{DeepSqueeze}$ algorithm outperforms the existing compression based decentralized learning algorithms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to apply the error-compensated compression to the decentralized learning.
WARDER: Refining Cell Clustering for Effective Spreadsheet Defect Detection via Validity Properties

Spreadsheets are widely used, but subject to various defects and severe consequences due to poor maintenance by end users. Existing spreadsheet defect detection techniques fall short of effectiveness, either due to limited scopes or relying on rigid patterns. In this paper, we discuss and improve one state-of-the-art technique, CUSTODES, which uses cell clustering and anomaly detection to extend its scope and make its patterns adaptive to varying spreadsheet styles, but is prone to fragile clustering when involving irrelevant cells, leading to a largely reduced detection precision. We present WARDER to refine CUSTODES's cell clustering based on validity properties, and experimental results show that WARDER improves the precision by 20.7% on average or reach 100% for 79.8% worksheets on cell clustering, which contributes to a precision improvement of 23.1% for defect detection. WARDER also exhibits satisfactory results, against other spreadsheet defect detection techniques, and on another large-scale spreadsheet corpus VEnron2.
Absolute continuity, Lyapunov exponents, and rigidity II: systems with compact center leaves

Abstract We explore new connections between the dynamics of conservative partially hyperbolic systems and the geometric measure-theoretic properties of their invariant foliations. Our methods are applied to two main classes of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms: fibered partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms and center-fixing partially hyperbolic systems. When the center is one-dimensional, assuming the diffeomorphism is accessible, we prove that the disintegration of the volume measure along the center foliation is either atomic or Lebesgue. Moreover, the latter case is rigid in dimension three (this does not require accessibility): the center foliation is actually smooth and the diffeomorphism is smoothly conjugate to an explicit rigid model. A partial extension to fibered partially hyperbolic systems with compact fibers of any dimension is also obtained. A common feature of these classes of diffeomorphisms is that the center leaves either are compact or can be made compact by taking an appropriate dynamically defined quotient. For volume-preserving partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms whose center foliation is absolutely continuous, if the generic center leaf is a circle, then every center leaf is compact.
Long-Term Macroeconomic Effects of Climate Change: A Cross-Country Analysis

We study the long-term impact of climate change on economic activity across countries, using a stochastic growth model where labour productivity is affected by country-specific climate variables - defined as deviations of temperature and precipitation from their historical norms. Using a panel data set of 174 countries over the years 1960 to 2014, we find that per-capita real output growth is adversely affected by persistent changes in the temperature above or below its historical norm, but we do not obtain any statistically significant effects for changes in precipitation. Our counterfactual analysis suggests that a persistent increase in average global temperature by 0.04oC per year, in the absence of mitigation policies, reduces world real GDP per capita by 7.22 percent by 2100. On the other hand, abiding by the Paris Agreement, thereby limiting the temperature increase to 0.01oC per annum, reduces the loss substantially to 1.07 percent. These effects vary significantly across countries. We also provide supplementary evidence using data on a sample of 48 U.S. states between 1963 and 2016, and show that climate change has a long-lasting adverse impact on real output in various states and economic sectors, and on labour productivity and employment.
Initial growth of carnauba (Copernicia prunifera) progenies under saline water

The carnauba (Copernicia prunifera [Miller] H. E. Moore) is a palm tree that has multiple uses and is of great economic and social importance for extractive families in Northeast Brazil. The objective of this work is to analyze the effect of saline water on the production of different progenies of carnauba. The experiment is arranged in a 5 x 36 factorial scheme in a randomized complete block design, with five replications and five plants per replication. The treatments consist of five levels of irrigation water salinity (with commercial NaCl levels, free of iodine: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM) and 36 free-pollination progenies. The following characteristics are evaluated: foliar length (H), collecting diameter (DC), survival rate (TS), number of leaves (NF), dry shoot mass (MSPA), dry mass of the root system (MSSR), and dry mass ratio of the root system to the shoot. The results reveal similar behavior among the progenies for the evaluated characteristics. However, significance is observed for the parameters leaf length, collection diameter, and survival rate when the progenies are subjected to salinity above 9.6 dS m-1. Another significant factor is the accumulation of Na+ in the aerial and radicular parts in salinity levels of 7.1, 9.6, and 12.0 dS m-1, with the root system being the most affected site. Thus, the tested progenies exhibit similar behaviors in tolerance to irrigation water salinity. Since the carnauba can produce seedlings in water with electrical conductivity of up to 9.6 dS m-1, this species is characterized as a bioindicator of saline soils and is recommended for planting in degraded areas.
RAT: A Referencing and Annotation Tool for Digitized Early Maps

Early maps are valuable sources as they are a political and cultural mirror of their time. Available nowadays in a digital format, such digitized early maps represent a fundament for getting evidences and detecting novelties in the field of historic research. In particular, modern software systems become designed to support users in receiving beneficial answers to research questions, for example in identifying places and monitoring them over time or in matching and positioning place markers of early maps to modern maps. However, since early maps have been created manually with a high variance of used symbols (like villages, rivers, forests, et cetera), a single map can contain thousands of diverse place markers. There is a wide range of active research on annotating and exploring early maps. For example the YUMAMap Annotation Tool (Simon et al. 2011) is a manual annotation tool for maps and there is also a wide variety of automated tools with different focus (Budig and Dijk 2015; Höhn and Schommer 2016; Shaw and Bajcsy 2011).