Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relation of Anxiety to Locus of Control

Several recent studies have reported significant relationships between various measures of general anxiety, test anxiety, and the locus of control scale (LC). Watson (1967) concluded that the correlation between locus of control and anxiety supports Mandler and Watson's (1966) hypothesis that actual or appraised lack of control (high external locus of control) produces anxiety. In order to determine whether there exists an anxiety factor within the locus of control scale, the Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS), the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS), and the LC scale were administered to two samples of introductory psychology students at Vanderbilt University (N, = 323; Nq = 303). In an item analysis every item on the LC scale answered in exteral locus of control direction correlated postively with total score (high anxiety) on the MAS and TAS. However, the correlation of only 3 items from the LC scale actually reached significance ( p < .05) with the TAS and MAS in both samples (the significant IS ranged from . I 2 to .34). Total scores on the LC scale and the MAS were significantly correlated in both samples (sl = .40, rz = .30; p < .01). The LC scale and the TAS were also significantly correlated (sl = .22, r:! = .21; p < .01). A factor analysis using varimax rotation demonstrated that these significant correlations could not be explained in terms of an anxiety factor composed of highly correlated individual items on the LC scale which, when removed, would reduce the degree of relationship between the anxiety scales and the remaining locus of control items. These findings support the proposition that the anxiety scales and the LC scale are measuring conceptually separate variables which correlate with each other and that this correlation is not due to a hidden anxiety factor within the locus of control scale. A feeling of lack of control over the environment and the outcome of one's actions is associated with anxiety. Whether this appraised lack of control produces anxiety, or vice versa, cannot, of course, be determined from correlational studies of this type.
Building brand authenticity in fast-moving consumer goods via consumer perceptions of brand marketing communications

Brand authenticity has emerged as a strategic imperative for many firms. The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the effect of consumer perceptions of brand marketing communications on brand authenticity of fast-moving consumer goods. ,Direct and indirect pathways from brand marketing communications to brand authenticity were conceptualized. Data were collected from US energy drink consumers and analysed using structural equation modelling. Multiple marketing mix variables and context-relevant covariates have been controlled for. ,Direct and indirect pathways to building brand authenticity have been observed. The total effect of brand marketing communications on brand authenticity is strong, thereby highlighting the predictor’s overall effectiveness in shaping the ultimate outcome. ,The focus on consumer-perceived authenticity as opposed to objective authenticity complements the prior literature. An integrative perspective on brand marketing communications is offered, specifying it as an antecedent of perceived brand authenticity. ,An important implication is that investments into brand marketing communications will likely influence perceived brand authenticity. Such investments may also have favourable implications for the clarity of brand positioning. Overall, brand marketing communications are effective tools for building consumer-perceived brand authenticity. ,A need to outline managerially controllable drivers of authenticity was addressed. How consumer perceptions of brand marketing communications influence brand authenticity via direct and indirect mechanisms was demonstrated. The existence of authenticity in fast-moving consumer goods was also demonstrated.
Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoretic Analysis and Some Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Retail Foods and Human Hands

This study investigates whether there is a predominant Staphylococcus aureus strain in retail foods and healthy human hands, and examines the relationship between pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) banding patterns and the S. aureus characteristics of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) type, coagulase type, and β-lactamase activity. Ninety-four strains of S. aureus isolated from retail foods and healthy human hands were analyzed by PFGE. Several strains isolated from the same shop or a chain store showed identical patterns, indicating that the origins of these strains were identical. After excluding these strains showing identical patterns, 54 strains were used for the PFGE analysis. No spread of a particular clone in the environment surrounding the food was apparent. The PFGE analysis of these 54 strains was classified in 6 lineages (L1–L6). There was no relationship between the PFGE banding pattern and coagulase type or SE type. Eleven (84.6%) of the 13 isolates in PFGE banding pattern L5 did not produce β-lactamase, suggesting that the production of β-lactamase influenced a specific PFGE banding pattern.
One-operator, two-machine open shop and flow shop problems with setup times for machines and weighted number of tardy jobs objective

One-operator two-machine open shop and flow shop problems are 𝒩𝒫-hard in the ordinary sense even if all the weights are the same. We discuss two different pseudo polynomial dynamic programming recursions for each of the open shop and flow shop case. Some of the running times are better than those of the best known algorithms in the literature. †E-mail: rvickson@engmail.uwaterloo. ca
Does the monitoring of local governance improve transparency? Lessons from three approaches in subnational jurisdictions

• All three approaches reviewed are experiments in transparency, based on different understandings. The Sustainable Landscapes Rating Tool (SLRT) provides a comparative assessment of jurisdictions to be made publicly available; the Multilevel Governance Monitoring Process (MLGMP) aims to align interests and set targets around a landscape goal, through open, collective agreement; and the Participatory Governance Monitoring Process (PGMP) aims to provide collective reflection, creating transparency in opening male-dominated spaces to women’s participation.
THE IMPACT OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND AUDIT QUALITY ON ACCRUAL-BASED AND REAL-BASED EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM JORDAN

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between executive compensation, audit quality, and accrual and real earnings management in Jordan. Recent research has shown increased interest in exploring earnings management practices by Jordanian public firms (e.g. Abed at al., 2012; Hamdan et al., 2013; Abu Jebril and Al.Thuneibat, 2016; Alzoubi, 2016; Alqatamin et al., 2017; Al-Shar' and Dongfang, 2017; Ibrahim and Al Awawdeh, 2017). However, to date, there has been very limited research that has examined whether executive compensation and audit quality are associated with earnings management practices. Further, while prior research has mainly focused on accrual earnings management, this study has extended the literature to examine real earnings management activities that undertaken by Jordanian public firms. Abstract
Memantine protects rat cortical cultured neurons against β‐amyloid‐induced toxicity by attenuating tau phosphorylation

It has been suggested that accumulation of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) peptide triggers neurodegeneration, at least in part, via glutamate‐mediated excitotoxicity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. This is supported by observations that toxicity induced by Aβ peptide in cultured neurons and in adult rat brain is known to be mediated by activation of glutamatergic N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Additionally, recent clinical studies have shown that memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, can significantly improve cognitive functions in some AD patients. However, very little is currently known about the potential role of memantine against Aβ‐induced toxicity. In the present study, we have shown that Aβ1–42‐induced toxicity in rat primary cortical cultured neurons is accompanied by increased extracellular and decreased intracellular glutamate levels. We subsequently demonstrated that Aβ toxicity is induced by increased phosphorylation of tau protein and activation of tau kinases, i.e. glycogen synthase kinase‐3β and extracellular signal‐related kinase 1/2. Additionally, Aβ treatment induced cleavage of caspase‐3 and decreased phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein, which are critical in determining survival of neurons. Memantine treatment significantly protected cultured neurons against Aβ‐induced toxicity by attenuating tau‐phosphorylation and its associated signaling mechanisms. However, this drug did not alter either conformation or internalization of Aβ1–42 and it was unable to attenuate Aβ‐induced potentiation of extracellular glutamate levels. These results, taken together, provide new insights into the possible neuroprotective action of memantine in AD pathology.
Personality at Midlife: Stability, Intrinsic Maturation, and Response to Life Events

Although developmental theories and popular accounts suggest that midlife is a time of turmoil and change, longitudinal studies of personality traits have generally found stability of rank order and little or no change in mean levels. Using data from 2,274 men and women in their 40s retested after 6 to 9 years, the present study examined two hypotheses: (a) that retest correlations should be no higher than about . 60 and (b) that there should be small decreases in Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness, and small increases in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. The study also explored the effects of recalled life events on subsequent personality scores. Results did not support the first hypothesis; uncorrected retest correlations uniformly exceeded . 60. This was true for all personality traits, including facets of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness not previously included in longitudinal studies. The hypothesized decreases in Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness were found, but Conscientiousness showed a small decrease instead of the predicted increase. Life events in general showed very little influence on the levels of personality traits, although some effects were seen for changes in job and marital status that warrant further research.
Contrast‐dependent, contextual response modulation in primary visual cortex and lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat

In the primary visual cortex (V1), the responses of neurons to stimuli presented in their classical receptive fields (CRFs) are modulated by another stimulus concurrently presented in their surround (receptive field surround, SRF). We studied the nature of the modulatory effects of SRF stimulation with respect to stimulus contrast in cat V1. In 51 V1 neurons studied, large SRF stimuli (40° × 30°) induced only the suppression of responses to CRF stimulation and the suppressive effects became stronger as the contrast for SRF stimulation increased. The contrast sensitivity of SRF suppression did not correlate with that of CRF responses. By independently controlling contrast of CRF and SRF stimuli, we studied whether SRF effects vary with CRF response magnitude. Increasing contrast for CRF stimulation caused an upward shift of the range of effective contrasts for SRF stimulation, indicating that a high contrast for SRF stimulation is required for suppressing strong responses to CRF stimulation at high contrasts. To assess the possible origin of the suppressive SRF effect on V1 neurons, we also investigated the contrast dependency of SRF effects in 28 neurons from the lateral geniculate nucleus. Our results suggest that SRF effects obtained at the subcortical level strongly contribute to those in V1. Taken together, we conclude that along the thalamocortical projections, SRF modulation exhibits a gain‐control mechanism that scales the suppressive SRF effect depending on the contrast for CRF stimulation. In addition, SRF effects can be facilitatory at low stimulus contrasts potentially due to the enlargement of the summation field.
Respiratory syncytial virus infection outbreak among pediatric patients with oncologic diseases and/or BMT

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been reported to cause severe morbidity and mortality among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with or without autologous/allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). There have been few reports describing the outcome of RSV infection specifically among pediatric oncology patients.
Residential relocations and academic performance of Australian children: A longitudinal analysis

The family and residential environments are critical to children’s wellbeing and, hence, residential change can affect children’s developmental outcomes. In this research, we study the associations between residential relocations and academic performance in the Australian context using panel regression methods on longitudinal data of a representative sample of 3,481 children born in the late 1990s from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). We examine the impact of residential relocations from infancy to middle childhood and pay special attention to the distance, frequency and developmental age-stage of relocations on academic test scores from the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) of third, fifth and seventh graders. Consistent with previous research, we find that the associations between childhood relocations and school performance are generally small. Frequent relocations during childhood relate to poor academic performance, but the association vanishes after controlling for family and home circumstances. In contrast, moderate levels of residential mobility, particularly relocations towards a different local area, are associated with improvements in academic performance. Relocations around the time of school entry are associated with poorer academic performance in grade 3, but are not associated with performance in grades 5 and 7. Our findings suggest that while moving home is not per se a major determinant of academic performance, the contexts and environments where children are embedded matter. We conclude that further research is needed on what and how intersections between relocation biographies and contexts matter for children’s development.
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteraemia: is daptomycin as effective as linezolid?

BACKGROUND The treatment of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal (VRE) bacteraemia remains challenging. Daptomycin is a new antibiotic with bactericidal activity against VRE, but available clinical data are limited. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 98 adult patients with VRE bacteraemia admitted to two hospitals between September 2003 and December 2007 to compare the efficacy of daptomycin with that of linezolid. Multivariable analyses were performed to compare the microbiological and clinical outcomes of both groups. RESULTS Out of 98 patients with VRE bacteraemia, 68 were treated with linezolid and 30 with daptomycin. Univariate analyses showed no significant differences between the groups regarding baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, severity of illness and co-morbidity. Daptomycin was associated with a trend towards a higher mortality rate (26.7% versus 20.6%), longer median duration of bacteraemia (3 days versus 2 days) and higher relapse rate (6.7% versus 2.9%), but these differences did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.2). Microbiological cure rates were 90% for the daptomycin group and 88.2% for the linezolid group (P = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS Despite a trend towards worse outcomes, daptomycin was as effective as linezolid in treating VRE bacteraemia. A randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm these results.
Determinants of Personal Well-Being in Urban China

The study investigates the relationship between environmental satisfaction and personal well-being with a sample of 336 urban residences from 4 Chinese cities: Changchun, Dalian, Harbin and Shenyang. In contrast to previous studies, this study controlled job satisfaction and Big Five personality traits. In addition, the research variables of PWI, job satisfaction, Big Five, and environmental satisfaction are measured with multi-item scales. The research finds that environmental satisfaction is positively related to personal well-being, suggesting that improvement of environment can enhance urban residents' well-being.
Oil and Gas Enterprise, Effect of Compensation, Working Environment, and Motivation to Performance Account Representative Tax Service Office

According to Gibson et al. (2012) quoted by Wibowo (2015) "Performance is the result of work related to organizational objectives such as quality, efficiency and other criteria of effectiveness. " Account Representative Performance is a result of the Account Representative in performing his duties in accordance with the responsibilities assigned to him. Compensation, work environment, and motivation is Believed Account Representative will effect performance. According to some experts, compensation effect on performance (Holt, 1993) and compensation Becomes the main thing to Attract and MOTIVATE employees to improve Reviews their performances (Ivanceikh and Glueck, 1989); work environment effects on performance (Leaman, 1995); effects on performance and motivation (Vroom, 1964; Moorhead and Griffin, 1998). The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of compensation, work environment, and motivation on Account Representative Performance of Oil and Gas Tax Office. This research was conducted by taking the samples from all Account Representatives of Oil and Gas Tax Office as many as 37 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires in the form of a list of statements. The technique of data analysis used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis using SPSS Version 23. Based on the result of the analysis, it was proved that compensation, work environment and motivation have a positive and significant influence on Account Representative performance of Oil and Gas Tax Office either partially or simultaneously.
Genome Expression during Normal Leaf Development : I. CELLULAR AND CHLOROPLAST NUMBERS AND DNA, RNA, AND PROTEIN LEVELS IN TISSUES OF DIFFERENT AGES WITHIN A SEVEN-DAY-OLD WHEAT LEAF.

Changes in genome expression during normal cellular and plastid development in the first leaf of young (7-day-old) wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Maris Dove) were investigated by examining homogeneous populations of leaf cells and plastids of several developmental ages present in the same leaf. The cells were characterized over a period immediately following the last cell division. All of the leaf cells had cytoplasmic contents and nuclei, and between 44% (young tissue) and 54% (older tissue) of the leaf cells were mesophyll cells. Chloroplast development was complete 36 hours after the chloroplasts had ceased dividing. Extremely large changes occurred in cellular constituents over a very short period of leaf development. Maximum rates of accumulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase per mesophyll cell (80 picograms/hour), chlorophyll per mesophyll cell (9 picograms/hour), and 70S ribosomes per mesophyll cell (19 x 10(5)/hour) were recorded.Total cellular DNA varied from 40 to 60 picograms/cell, reflecting the changes in nuclear and chloroplast DNA synthesis during different phases of cellular and chloroplast division. The period of maximum accumulation of protein, total RNA, and both 80S and 70S ribosomes occurred between 36 and 48 hours after the last cell division. Between 48 and 60 hours, 70S rRNA per cell and protein content per cell continued to increase as 80S rRNA per cell declined. Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase per cell increased 20-fold between 15 and 60 hours.
WDM field trial over 764 km SSMF with 16 × 112 Gb/s NRZ-DQPSK co-propagating with 10.7 Gb/s NRZ

A 16×112Gb/s field trial was performed at the Deutsche Telekom fiber infrastructure with partially high PMD. Using 56Gbaud NRZ-DQPSK, no penalty could be observed when co-propagating with a 10.7Gb/s NRZ. Robust Metro DWDM transmission with attractive carrier-grade margins is demonstrated.
Vitamin B12 and folic acid serum levels in obsessive compulsive disorder

Vitamin B12 and folate serum levels were studied in 30 patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and in two control groups comprised of 30 chronic schizophrenics and 30 normal healthy subjects. Six patients (20%) of the OCD group had abnormal low levels of vitamin B12. This prevalence was significantly higher than that of the control groups. No clinical neurological or haematological abnormalities accompanied the reduced vitamin B12 levels. Possible implication of this finding for the pathophysiology of OCD in a subgroup of patients and the possibility that the B12 deficiency could be the consequence rather than the cause of OCD are suggested.
Phenotypic and epidemiologic correlates of auxotype in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Previous studies from Seattle, Wash. , suggested that strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae which require arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (Arg-Hyx-Ura- auxotype) are unifomly highly susceptible to penicillin G, are relatively resistant to complement-dependent killing by heated, pooled human serum, and are associated with disseminated gonococcal infection. For further study of the epidemiology of these strains and for analysis of the susceptibility to penicillin, serum sensitivity, and the nutritional requirements of gonococcal isolates from other cities, a survey was made of urethral and cervical strains isolated in 1972--1974 from 50 randomly selected pateit-s with uncomplicated gonorrhea from each of nine cities. Arg-Hyx-Ura-strains represented greater than 50% of isolates from Seattle and Des Moines, Iowa, 22% of isolates from Denver, Colo. , and Dayton, Ohio, and less than or equal to 12% of the isolates from Boston, Mass. , Newark, N.J., Norfork, Va. , Miami, Fla. , and Oakland, Calif. Arg-Hyx-Ura- strains were recovered from 42% of white and 9% of black patients (P less than 0.001), and clincis with the highest incidences of these strains had the highest proportion of white patients among those with gonorrhea. Arg-Hyx-Ura- strains were all susceptible to less than or equal to 0.125 microgram of penicillin G/ml and were more resistant than strains with other auxotypes to killing by heat-inactivated human serum plus complement (P less than 0.001).
COLORADO OBSIDIAN? PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A STATEWIDE DATABASE OF TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS By

Colm'adfJ archaeologists have noted the presence of obsidian tools and debitage in archaeological sites for decades, but have recently increased their use of trace element analysis to determine the provenance of the mate1'l·al. Due to the small assemblages at all but a handful of sites, these characterization data have not been synthesized into patterns of regional lithic proCU7'ement andlm' exchange. This pape7' discusses some preliminary analysis of a statewide database of provenance studies, and suggests some alternatives to some of the common misconceptions about obsidian use in the 7'egion. We also add7'ess the p7'obability of undiscovered sozt7'ces of obsidian 7vithin Colorado. The current database of sourcing studies included he7'e reveals a wide geographic range of sources from seven western states, and includes 19 chemically distinct sources.