Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Status Compatibility and Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Female Intimate Partner Violence Victims

Given the far-reaching social, personal, and economic costs of crime and violence, as well as the lasting health effects, understanding how women respond to domestic violence and the types of help sought are critical in addressing intimate partner violence. We use a nationally representative dataset (Canadian General Social Survey, Personal Risk, 1999) to examine the help-seeking behaviors of female intimate partner violence victims (N = 250). Although victims of violent crime often do not call the police, many victims, particularly women who have been battered by their partner rely on family, friends, social service, and mental health interventions in dealing with the consequences of violent crime. We examine the role of income, education, and employment status in shaping women’s decisions to seek help, and we treat these economic variables as symbolic and relative statuses as compared to male partners. Although family violence researchers have conceptualized the association between economic variables and the dynamics of intimate partner violence with respect to the structural dimensions of sociodemographic factors, feminist researchers connect economic power to family dynamics. Drawing on these literatures, we tap the power in marital and cohabiting relationships, rather than treating these variables as simply socioeconomic resources. Controlling for other relevant variables we estimate a series of multivariate models to examine the relationship between status compatibilities and help-seeking from both formal and informal sources. We find that status incompatibilities between partners that favor women increase the likelihood of seeking support in dealing with the impact of violence.
Bibliometrics, dermatology and contact dermatitis

Although the fields of bibliometrics and citation analysis have existed for many years, relatively few studies have specifically focused on the dermatological literature. This article reviews citation‐based research in the dermatology journals, with a particular interest in manuscripts that have included Contact Dermatitis as part of their analysis. Overall, it can be seen that the rise of bibliometrics during the mid‐20th century and its subsequent application to dermatology has provided an interesting insight into the progression of research within our discipline. Further investigation of citation trends and top‐cited papers in skin research periodicals would certainly help complement the current body of knowledge.
Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, MMP‐9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1 and TIMP‐2 in non‐melanoma skin cancer: implications for tumour progression

Aims: To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, MMP‐9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‐1 and TIMP‐2 in non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and to compare their expression between different tumour types and with clinicopathological factors.
Stock price behaviors under price constrains

The overreaction hypothesis and the information hypothesis are two major hypotheses regarding the effects of price constrains on stock price behavior. This paper examines the price behavior of limit moves for stocks listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange over the period 1997—2001. The results indicate the price continuations for the overnight period following limit moves and the price reversals for the subsequent trading time period. These results show that the noise traders on Shanghai stock market overreact to new information. On the other hand, the price constrains on Shanghai Stock Exchange restrict the overreaction.
A prospective comparison of cardiac rehabilitation enrollment following automatic vs usual referral.

OBJECTIVE Cardiac rehabilitation remains grossly under-utilized despite its proven benefits. This study prospectively compared verified cardiac rehabilitation enrollment following automatic vs usual referral, postulating that automatic referral would result in significantly greater enrollment for cardiac rehabilitation. DESIGN Prospective controlled multi-center study. PATIENTS AND METHODS A consecutive sample of 661 patients with acute coronary syndrome treated at 2 acute care centers (75% response rate) were recruited, one site with automatic referral via a computerized prompt and the other with a usual referral strategy at the physician's discretion. Cardiac rehabilitation referral was discerned in a mailed survey 9 months later (n = 506; 84% retention), and verified with 24 cardiac rehabilitation sites to which participants were referred. RESULTS A total of 124 (52%) participants enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation following automatic referral, vs 84 (32%) following usual referral (p < 0.001). Automatically referred participants were more likely to be referred from an in- patient unit (p < 0.01), and to be referred in a shorter time period (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and case-mix, automatically referred participants were significantly more likely to enroll in cardiac rehabilitation (odds ratio = 2.1; 95% confidence interval 1.4-3.3) than controls. CONCLUSION Automatic referral resulted in over 50% verified cardiac rehabilitation enrollment; 2 times more than usual referral. It also significantly reduced utilization delays to less than one month.
Regulation and expression of the arsenic resistance operon from Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pI258

The arsenic resistance operon from Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pI258 was cloned and sequenced. The DNA sequence contains three genes in the order arsR, arsB, and arsC. The predicted amino acid sequences of the gene products are homologous with those of the products of the ars operons of plasmids pSX267 from Staphylococcus xylosus and R773 from Escherichia coli. The cloned staphylococcal ars operon confers resistances to arsenate, arsenite, and antimonite in S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The same operon was also expressed in E. coli and conferred resistance to arsenite but less resistance to arsenate and antimonite. Regulation of the pI258 ars operon was studied by using a translational arsB-blaZ fusion in S. aureus and a transcriptional arsB-luxAB fusion in E. coli. The ars operon was induced by arsenate [As(V)], arsenite [As(III)], and antimonite [Sb(III)], to which the strains were resistant, plus Bi(III) in S. aureus. Only arsenate and arsenite induced the operon in E. coli. Northern (RNA) blot DNA-RNA hybridization analysis showed inducible synthesis of a full-length ars mRNA, about 2.1 kb in size, both in S. aureus and in E. coli. S. aureus ars proteins were expressed in E. coli from the T7 phage promoter under the control of the T7 RNA polymerase. Primer extension (reverse transcriptase) analysis showed that the ars mRNA started at the same position (nucleotides 17 and 18 upstream from the arsR ATG) both in S. aureus and in E. coli. An internal deletion mutation in arsB resulted in decreased resistance to arsenate and total loss of arsenite and antimonite resistances. Partial deletion of 56 bp from the 3' end of the arsC gene resulted in loss of resistance to arsenate; the determinant retained arsenite and antimonite resistances.
A Novel Homozygous Mutation in FGFR3 Causes Tall Stature, Severe Lateral Tibial Deviation, Scoliosis, Hearing Impairment, Camptodactyly, and Arachnodactyly

Most reported mutations in the FGFR3 gene are dominant activating mutations that cause a variety of short‐limbed bone dysplasias including achondroplasia and syndromic craniosynostosis. We report the phenotype and underlying molecular abnormality in two brothers, born to first cousin parents. The clinical picture is characterized by tall stature and severe skeletal abnormalities leading to inability to walk, with camptodactyly, arachnodactyly, and scoliosis. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous novel missense mutation in the FGFR3 gene in exon 12 (NM_000142.4:c.1637C>A: p.(Thr546Lys)). The variant is found in the kinase domain of the protein and is predicted to be pathogenic. It is located near a known hotspot for hypochondroplasia. This is the first report of a homozygous loss‐of‐function mutation in FGFR3 in human that results in a skeletal overgrowth syndrome.
Association of mobile phone radiation with fatigue, headache, dizziness, tension and sleep disturbance in Saudi population.

OBJECTIVE The widespread use of mobile phones has been increased over the past decade; they are now an essential part of business, commerce and society. The use of mobile phones can cause health problems. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the association of using mobile phones with fatigue, headache, dizziness, tension and sleep disturbance in the Saudi population and provide health and social awareness in using these devices. METHODS This study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the year 2002 to 2003. In the present study, a total of 437 subjects (55.1% male and 39.9% female) were invited, they have and had been using mobile phones. A questionnaire was distributed regarding detailed history and association of mobile phones with health hazards. RESULTS The results of the present study showed an association between the use of mobile phones and health hazards. The overall mean percentage for these clinical findings in all groups were headache (21.6%), sleep disturbance (4.%), tension (3.9%), fatigue (3%) and dizziness (2.4%). CONCLUSION Based on the results of the present study, we conclude that the use of mobile phones is a risk factor for health hazards and suggest that long term or excessive use of mobile phones should be avoided by health promotion activities such as group discussions, public presentations and through electronic and print media sources.
Compensation for transmission delays in an ethernet-based control network using variable-horizon predictive control

Distributed control networks encounter nondeterministic delays in data communication between sensors, actuators, and controllers, including direct-feedback control and higher level supervisor control. This paper presents a novel strategy, which extends the Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) algorithm to compensate for these data-transmission delays. Communication lines between sensors to controller and controller to actuators are considered. The present strategy incorporates a minimum-effort estimator to estimate missing or delayed sensor data and a variable-horizon adaptive GPC controller to predict the required future control efforts to drive the plant to track a desired reference trajectory. Action buffers are introduced at the actuators to sequence the future control efforts. A parallel objective of this paper is to investigate the suitability of the Ethernet network, which is cost-effective and widely deployed for implementing networked control systems. An Ethernet-based client-server control architecture is developed. The developed scheme is implemented on the dual-axis hydraulic position system of an industrial fish-processing machine.
Colonic metabolites of berry polyphenols: the missing link to biological activity?

The absorption of dietary phenols, polyphenols and tannins (PPT) is an essential step for biological activity and effects on health. Although a proportion of these dietary bioactive compounds are absorbed intact, depending on their chemical structure and the nature of any attached moiety (e.g. sugar, organic acid), substantial amounts of lower molecular weight catabolites are absorbed after biotransformation by the colon microflora. The main products in the colon are (a) benzoic acids (C6–C1), especially benzoic acid and protocatechuic acid; (b) phenylacetic acids (C6–C2), especially phenylacetic acid per se; (c) phenylpropionic acids (C6–C3), where the latter are almost entirely in the dihydro form, notably dihydrocaffeic acid, dihydroferulic acid, phenylpropionic acid and 3-(3′-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid. As a result of this biotransformation, some of these compounds can each reach mm concentrations in faecal water. Many of these catabolites are efficiently absorbed in the colon, appear in the blood and are ultimately excreted in the urine. In the case of certain polyphenols, such as anthocyanins, these catabolites are major products in vivo; protocatechuic acid is reported to represent a substantial amount of the ingested dose of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. The major catabolites of berries, and especially blackcurrants, are predicted based on compositional data for polyphenols from berries and other sources. Since microbial catabolites may be present at many sites of the body in higher concentration than the parent compound, it is proposed that at least a part of the biological activities ascribed to berry polyphenols and other PPT are due to their colonic catabolites.
Comparative study of thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic treatment of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) wastewater

The paper provides a critical comparison between mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic treatment of PTA wastewater through diagnosis of a case study. Aspects covered are bioavailability, biodegradability, microbial population, thermodynamics, kinetics involved and bio-reactor design for PTA wastewater treatment. The results of the case study suggests that one- stage thermophilic anaerobic reactor coupled with coagulation-flocculation pre-treatment unit and an aerobic post treatment unit could be techno-economically viable for PTA wastewater treatment to ensure that the final effluent quality conforms to the international standard. The in-formation emanated from this study could be useful and thought provoking to the professionals and academia in the area of PTA wastewater treatment and can serve as impetus toward the development of research lines in similar problems like the treatment of other petrochemical wastewater such as phenol-con- taining wastewater, benzene/benzoic acid-con- taining wastewater or wastewater from other similar industrial settings.
USING SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES DURING PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES: THEORIZING THE DIFFUSION OF EFFECTIVE MESSAGES

OF DISSERTATION USING SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES DURING PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES: THEORIZING THE DIFFUSION OF EFFECTIVE MESSAGES During a public health crisis, officials need to communicate with the public quickly and accurately. Social networking sites (SNS) have been identified as an appropriate channel for this type of communication; however, few studies have examined what makes SNS messages effective. Further limiting research in this area is a lack of attention to theoretical constructs that may explain message effectiveness in SNS. In this dissertation, I propose that diffusion of innovations (DOI) be used to understand SNS and message success on SNS. In doing so, I compare traditional message success (persuasion) to message success on SNS platforms (amplification) and provide a brief overview of relevant message design constructs. I then conduct a study to analyze Twitter messages from state and local health departments and federal government agencies charged with communicating to the public during a public health crisis to test these theoretical claims and identify message elements that increase SNS message amplification. The context of the study is the fall 2014 Ebola crisis in the United States. The messages are first classified using content analysis methods to identify message design elements related to content, structure, and style. The success of those elements, in terms of the influence they have on messages amplification, is then evaluated using negative binomial regression. The results suggest that specific content (hazard information, response instruction, and official action), effective structure (word and image graphics), and key style choices (using figurative language, one hashtag or a keyword hashtag, and the first person) improve the amplification value of a message. Other choices, like mentioning another user, reduce the amplification value. These findings add to the evidence that suggests that DOI enhances scholars’ understanding of communication on SNS. In addition, the results demonstrate that messages can be conceptualized as innovations, and, as such, their characteristics influence the likelihood that they will be diffused through SNS platforms. The results suggest that those charged with communicating during a public health crisis use specific message strategies for SNS messages. These strategies include recommendations related to message content, message structure, and message style. Finally, the results suggest that scholars should continue research to understand the relationship between message design and message amplification in order to improve our knowledge of communication on SNS and help practitioners identify effective communication practices on this new and important channel. Research should also examine the relationship between persuasion and amplification in order to understand how amplification influences attitudes, behavioral intentions, and behavior in both those who amplify the message and in those who receive the message as a result of that amplification.
Inactivation of Norwalk virus in drinking water by chlorine

Norwalk virus in water was found to be more resistant to chlorine inactivation than poliovirus type 1 (LSc2Ab), human rotavirus (Wa), simian rotavirus (SA11), or f2 bacteriophage. A 3.75 mg/liter dose of chlorine was found to be effective against other viruses but failed to inactivate Norwalk virus. The Norwalk virus inoculum remained infectious for five of eight volunteers, despite the initial presence of free residual chlorine. Infectivity in volunteers was demonstrated by seroconversion to Norwalk virus. Fourteen of 16 subjects receiving untreated inoculum seroconverted to Norwalk virus. Illness was produced in four of the eight volunteers and in 11 of 16 control subjects. A similar Norwalk virus inoculum treated with a 10 mg/liter dose of chlorine produced illness in only one and failed to induce seroconversion in any of eight volunteers. Free chlorine (5 to 6 mg/liter) was measured in the reaction vessel after a 30-minute contact period. Norwalk virus appears to be very resistant to chlorine which may explain its importance in outbreaks of waterborne disease.
Evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast.

AIMS This study aimed to examine the feasibility of utilizing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) of the breast for the planning of surgical intervention following neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). METHODS Following their neoadjuvant therapy, women with LABC were followed-up by DCE-MRI in addition to clinical examination and mammography. If any modality suggested residual disease, surgery was carried out--initially salvage mastectomy and then breast-conserving surgery where appropriate. RESULTS Seventeen women were recruited: stage III (n=16), stage IV (n=1) mean age 55 (range 34-74). Following neoadjuvant therapy, 10 mastectomies and two local excisions were performed for 10 histologically confirmed residual cancers. Median follow-up for those women not undergoing surgery is 3.24 (IQR 2.8-3.5) years. DCE-MRI proved 100% accurate for the delineation of residual disease and facilitated the planning of the local excisions. Clinical examination and mammography proved inaccurate (PPV 83% and 75% and NPV 55% and 80%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS DCE-MRI is a potentially accurate method of delineating residual tumour following neoadjuvant therapy for LABC and may be used to plan appropriate operative intervention where required.
Interpretation of the QuickDASH score after open carpal tunnel decompression: threshold values associated with patient satisfaction

We studied the correlation between change in the QuickDASH score and the absolute post-operative QuickDASH score with patient satisfaction after open carpal tunnel decompression. Threshold values in the QuickDASH score, the point at which the sensitivity and specificity are maximal in predicting patient satisfaction, were identified. During the study period, outcome data were compiled for 937 carpal tunnel decompressions, which included 219 (23%) male and 718 (77%) female patients with a mean age of 58 years (standard deviation (SD) 14). There was a significant improvement (mean difference 32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 30 to 34) in the QuickDASH from a mean of 54 (SD 20) to 22 (SD 23) at 1 year after surgery. There were 808 (86%) patients who defined their outcome as satisfactory at 1 year. The identified threshold values for the post-operative QuickDASH score (⩽34 points) and the change (⩾20 points) in the score were highly predictive of patient satisfaction. However, these threshold values varied significantly according to the baseline pre-operative score. The threshold values identified in the QuickDASH can be used to interpret the score. However, the influence of the pre-operative baseline score should be taken into account when comparing different cohorts of patients or using the values to power future studies. Level of Evidence IV: Prognosis, observational cohort study
Relationship of Self-Reported Asthma Severity and Urgent Health Care Utilization to Psychological Sequelae of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks on the World Trade Center Among New York City Area Residents

Objective Posttraumatic psychological stress may be associated with increases in somatic illness, including asthma, but the impact of the psychological sequelae of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on physical illness has not been well documented. The authors assessed the relationship between the psychological sequelae of the attacks and asthma symptom severity and the utilization of urgent health care services for asthma since September 11. Materials and Methods The authors performed a random digit dial telephone survey of adults in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area 6 to 9 months after September 11, 2001. Two thousand seven hundred fifty-five demographically representative adults including 364 asthmatics were recruited. The authors assessed self-reported asthma symptom severity, emergency room (ER) visits, and unscheduled physician office visits for asthma since September 11. Results After adjustment for asthma measures before September 11, demographics, and event exposure in multivariate models posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were a significant predictor of self-reported moderate-to-severe asthma symptoms (OR = 3.4; CI = 1.2–9.4), seeking care for asthma at an ER since September 11 (OR = 6.6; CI = 1.6–28.0), and unscheduled physician visits for asthma since September 11 (OR = 3.6; CI = 1.1–11.5). The number of PTSD symptoms was also significantly related to moderate-to-severe asthma symptoms and unscheduled physician visits since September 11. Neither a panic attack on September 11 nor depression since September 11 was an independent predictor of asthma severity or utilization in multivariate models after September 11. Conclusions PTSD related to the September 11 terrorist attacks contributed to symptom severity and the utilization of urgent health care services among asthmatics in the NYC metropolitan area.