Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying the component structure of job satisfaction by principal components analysis among extension officers in North West Province, South Africa

The component structure of a 34-item scale measuring different aspects of job satisfaction was investigated among extension officers in North West Province, South Africa. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 40 extension officers from which data were collected. A structured questionnaire consisting of 34 job satisfaction and 10 personal characteristic items was administered to the extension officers. Items on job satisfaction were measured at interval level and analyzedwith Principal ComponentAnalysis. Most of the respondents (82.5%) weremales, between 40 to 45 years, 85% were married and 87.5% had a diploma as their educational qualification. Furthermore, 54% of the households size between 4 to 6 persons, whereas 75% were Christians. The majority of the extension officers lived in their job area (82.5), while 80% covered at least 3 communities and 3 farmer groups. In terms of number of farmers covered, only 40% of the extension officers covered more than 500 farmers and 45% travelled more than 40 km to reach their farmers. From the job satisfaction items 9 components were extracted to show areas for job satisfaction among extension officers. These were in-service training, research policies, communicating recommended practices, financial support for self and family, quality of technical help, opportunity to advance education, management and control of operations, rewarding system and sanctions. The results have several implications for motivating extension officers for high job performance especially with large number of clients and small number of extension agents.
Bacteriocin Production by a New Isolate of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GP1 under Different Culture Conditions

Bacteriocin producing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GP1 was isolated from Grape peel and characterized. The bacteriocin had wide spectrum of inhibitory activity against test strains of pathogenic and food spoilage micro organisms. The cell-free supernatant of L. rhamnosus inhibited the growth of Bacillus brevis, B. pumilus , B. sub tilis, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio harveyi, Acinetobacter sp. and Arthrobacter sp. The influence of culture conditions on the production of the bacteriocin by L. rhamnosus was evaluated. Maximum bacteriocin activity of 1200 AU/mL was obtained in MRS broth at 72 h at an initial pH of 6.0 in 30oC. Increased bacteriocin production by L. rhamnosus GP1 was noted when MRS broth was supplemented with yeast extract (0.1%), tween 80 ( 0.1%), MgSO 4 (0.02% to 0.04%) and dextrose (2.0 to 3.0%). Addition of bacteriological peptone, beef extract, NaCl and SDS to the culture medium however, reduced the production of bacter iocin. Results of sensi tivity st udies revealed remarkable stability of the bacteriocin at different storage conditions, temperatures and pH tested.
Quels besoins éducatifs pour des personnes vivant avec le VIH depuis plus de 10 ans

Introduction : Le Ministere de la Sante et la Haute Autorite de Sante proposent de developper des programmes d’education therapeutique de suivi ou de reprise. Objectifs : Afin de contribuer a une reflexion sur les objectifs d’education de ces programmes a renforcer au cours de la prise en charge a long terme, nous avons tente de definir les besoins specifiques des personnes vivant avec le VIH depuis 16 ans en moyenne (ecart-type : 10–26). Methodes : Une etude descriptive aupres de dix personnes volontaires, tous membres d’une association de familles vivant avec le VIH situee a Paris, a ete menee sous forme d’entretiens semi-directifs. Resultats : De nombreux besoins generaux ont ete identifies, de differentes natures : biomedicale, affective, psychosociale ou sociale, permettant d’isoler des besoins educatifs. Parmi ces derniers, certains d’entre eux a l’origine des programmes d’ETP initiaux persistent et de nouveaux besoins sont identifies. A partir d’une matrice de competences transversales, ces besoins sont traduits en competences specifiques. Conclusion : Cette etude a permis de donner la parole a un groupe de personnes vivant avec le VIH depuis plus de 10 ans. Les besoins identifies suggerent des competences a soutenir ou a faire acquerir par les equipes soignantes et les personnes travaillant dans des organisations impliquees dans les champs de l’education therapeutique et de l’accompagnement psychosocial.
Decoherence of electron spin qubits in Si-based quantum computers

Direct phonon spin-lattice relaxation of an electron qubit bound by a donor impurity or quantum dot in SiGe heterostructures is investigated. The aim is to evaluate the importance of decoherence from this mechanism in several important solid-state quantum computer designs operating at low temperatures. We calculate the relaxation rate 1/T 1 as a function of [100] uniaxial strain, temperature, magnetic field, and silicon/germanium content for Si:P bound electrons and quantum dots. The quantum dot potential is much smoother, leading to smaller splittings of the valley degeneracies. We have estimated these splittings in order to obtain upper bounds for the relaxation rate. In general, we find that the relaxation rate is strongly decreased by uniaxial compressive strain in a SiGe-Si-SiGe quantum well, making this strain an important positive design feature. Ge in high concentrations (particularly over 85%) increases the rate, making Si-rich materials preferable. We conclude that SiGe bound electron qubits must meet certain conditions to minimize decoherence but that spin-phonon relaxation does not rule out the solid-state implementation of error-tolerant quantum computing.
The Fischer decomposition for Hodge‐de Rham systems in Euclidean spaces

The classical Fischer decomposition of spinor‐valued polynomials is a key result on solutions of the Dirac equation in the Euclidean space Rm . As is well‐known, it can be understood as an irreducible decomposition with respect to the so‐called L‐action of the Pin group Pin(m). But, in Clifford algebra valued polynomials, we can consider also the H‐action of Pin(m). In this paper, the corresponding Fischer decomposition for the H‐action is obtained. It turns out that, in this case, basic building blocks are the spaces of homogeneous solutions to the Hodge‐de Rham system. Moreover, it is shown that the Fischer decomposition for the H‐action can be viewed even as a refinement of the classical one. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effects of Knowledge Capital on Enhancing Firms’Productivity in Taiwan : Does R&D or Technology Import Matter?

Aside from R&D capital, acquiring technologies directly from abroad is also an important way to accumulate knowledge capital for both newly-industrialized economies (NIEs) and developing countries. Technology imports thus should play as an alternative vital source to enhance firms’ productivity. Using firm-level panel data on Taiwan’s manufacturing, our empirical study shows that R&D capital indeed has a significantly positive impact on productivity as with the case for advanced countries. The external technological source, technology imports, also contributes significantly to the productivity level and growth for Taiwanese firms, and it seems to matter relatively more than firms’ R&D expenditures do. Moreover, the R&D spillover e#ect is found to influence productivity significantly.
Advances in Engineering Education Using PBL to deliver course in Digital Electronics

Problem Based Learning (PBL) has proven to be a highly successful pedagogical model in many educational fields, although it is comparatively uncommon in technical education. It goes beyond the typical teaching methodology by promoting student interaction. This paper presents a PBL trial applied to an undergraduate Digital Electronics course in the Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) program at Chitkara Institute of Engineering and Technology, affiliated with Punjab Technical University (PTU), India. Also included in this paper is the approach to design quasi—open—ended problems for the PBL trial in the basic Digital Electronics course and its delivery. It also includes the comparison of the results for the PBL and traditional pedagogies.
A Re-Evaluation of Goniopholidid Crocodylomorph Material from Central Asia: Biogeographic and Phylogenetic Implications

Central Asia is a key area for crocodylomorph evolution, lying midway between the highly documented deposits in Europe and North America, but crocodylomorph fossils from this part of the world are rare. Included among these are specimens collected in the 1970s and 1980s by the Soviet-Mongolian Expeditions in the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Mongolia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. Three species, “Sunosuchus” shartegensis, Kansajsuchus extensus, and Turanosuchus aralensis are redescribed and subjected to phylogenetic analysis for the first time. “Sunosuchus” shartegensis and Kansajsuchus are relatively derived goniopholidids, and part of a pan-east-Laurasian radiation of goniopholidids from which the European goniopholidids subsequently radiated. No characters can be used to distinguish “Sunosuchus” shartegensis from “S. ” thailandicus; the two species are therefore synonymized. Turanosuchus aralensis is here considered a nomen dubium. Cladistic analysis suggests that Sunosuchus is polyphyletic, indicating a higher degree of diversification than was previously thought, but also pointing to the need for further systematic revision.
A University–Industry Collaborative Entrepreneurship Education Program as a Trading Zone: The Case of Osaka University

To foster entrepreneurship and its skills, both formal education in novel theory and experiential learning in practical fields are needed Academic theory gives us rational and logical ways of thinking about technologies and management, and experience tells us how they work in practice (Etzkowitz, 2004; Gibb, 1996; Ollila & Williams-Middleton, 2011). However, conventional education programs provided by universities typically focus only on the theoretical side. Thus, in recent years, universities have tried to introduce experiential learning to help students understand how theories can be applied to the real world (Gibb, 1996). Among these efforts, university–industry collaboration, which encourages two-way interactions and learning, holds great promise (Dooley & Kirk, 2007; Perkmann & Walsh, 2007) because university students can obtain rich and insightful experiential know-how from industry-side participants and practitioners can gain theoretical knowledge from students. Furthermore, the effectiveness of university–industry collaboration for entrepreneurship education is enhanced particularly through project-based learning (Blumenfeld et al., 1991), where Two complementary problems are that busy practitioners find it difficult to access academic knowledge and university students lack practical experience. University–industry collaborative education is a potential solution for both of these problems by bringing together theoretical insights from universities and experiential know-how from industry. However, university–industry collaborative education has not been sufficiently studied to offer clear frameworks and mechanisms to foster effective knowledge exchanges between these two groups. In this article, we propose the metaphor of a “trading zone” as a potential analytical framework for implementing this method of education. Applying this framework to the analysis of a university–industry collaborative education program, this study proposes that the exchange of knowledge between students and practitioners is the essential learning experience and that it is made more meaningful by the heterogeneity between students and practitioners. The shared language provided by the program and those who deliver it make the exchanges efficient, and the temporary and extraordinary nature of the program accelerate those exchanges. Here, we analyze the case of Osaka University in Japan to illustrate the framework and develop associated propositions to encourage further study and validation of the framework. Collaboration is important not just because it's a better way to learn. The spirit of collaboration is penetrating every institution and all of our lives. So learning to collaborate is part of equipping yourself for effectiveness, problem solving, innovation and life-long learning in an ever-changing networked economy.
Particle-Gas Dynamics and Primary Accretion

Abstract. Planetesinial bow shocks would have existed during the chondrule forniation epoch if proto-. Jupiter formed within a few Myr of CAI forniation and if the protoplanetary nebula persisted for a few Myr afterwards. As planetesimal orbits evolved inward I t . 1. 1 , they would have passed through Jovian resonances y increased eccentricities leading to supersonic velocities relative gas. Previous studies have demonstrated that s would have been heated to - an one bow shock would have 1 planetesimal radius from the ugh bow shocks with scale sizes < id to be consistent with of this distance, formed been decelerated to low e planetesimal. This would 1 A near-susace boundary layer o ed solids-to- as niass ratios ecelerating incident particles. If mean chondrule size - c calculations indicate that forniation bow - shock would have resulted in 4 x gni/cni*. An approximate ow shocks in roducin the large chondrites inxcates tiat, within observational uncertainties, the bow shock niechanisni can not easily be excluded as a possible chondrule formation model.
Probing the loss origins of ultra-smooth Si 3 N 4 integrated photonic waveguides

On-chip optical waveguides with low propagation losses and precisely engineered group velocity dispersion (GVD) are important to nonlinear photonic devices such as soliton microcombs, and likewise can be employed for on chip gyroscopes, delay lines or Brillouin lasers. Yet, despite intensive research efforts, nonlinear integrated photonic platforms still feature propagation losses orders of magnitude higher than in standard optical fiber. The tight confinement and high index contrast of integrated waveguides make them highly susceptible to fabrication induced surface roughness. Therefore, microresonators with ultra-high Q factors are, to date, only attainable in polished bulk crystalline, or chemically etched silica based devices, that pose however challenges for full photonic integration. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides with unprecedentedly smooth sidewalls and tight confinement with record low propagation losses. This is achieved by combining the photonic Damascene process with a novel reflow process, which reduces etching roughness, while sufficiently preserving dimensional accuracy. This leads to previously unattainable mean microresonator Q factors larger than 5×10 for tightly confining waveguides with anomalous dispersion. Via systematic process step variation and two independent characterization techniques we differentiate the scattering and absorption loss contributions, and reveal metal impurity related absorption to be an important loss origin. Although such impurities are known to limit optical fibers, this is the first time they are identified, and play a tangible role, in absorption of integrated microresonators. Taken together, our work provides new insights in the origins of propagation losses in Si3N4 waveguides and provides the technological basis for integrated nonlinear photonics in the ultra-high Q regime.
Lidar characterization of the Arctic atmosphere during ASTAR 2007: four cases studies of boundary layer, mixed-phase and multi-layer clouds

Abstract. During the Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol, Clouds and Radiation (ASTAR), which was conducted in Svalbard in March and April 2007, tropospheric Arctic clouds were observed with two ground-based backscatter lidar systems (micro pulse lidar and Raman lidar) and with an airborne elastic lidar. In the time period of the ASTAR 2007 campaign, an increase in low-level cloud cover (cloud tops below 2.5 km) from 51% to 65% was observed above Ny-Alesund. Four different case studies of lidar cloud observations are analyzed: With the ground-based Raman lidar, a layer of spherical particles was observed at an altitude of 2 km after the dissolution of a cloud. The layer probably consisted of small hydrated aerosol (radius of 280 nm) with a high number concentration (around 300 cm−3) at low temperatures (−30 °C). Observations of a boundary layer mixed-phase cloud by airborne lidar and concurrent airborne in situ and spectral solar radiation sensors revealed the localized process of total glaciation at the boundary of different air masses. In the free troposphere, a cloud composed of various ice layers with very different optical properties was detected by the Raman lidar, suggesting large differences of ice crystal size, shape and habit. Further, a mixed-phase double layer cloud was observed by airborne lidar in the free troposphere. Local orography influenced the evolution of this cloud. The four case studies revealed relations of cloud properties and specific atmospheric conditions, which we plan to use as the base for numerical simulations of these clouds.
Sources of variation in milk urea nitrogen in Paraná dairy cows

The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and milk yield, fat and protein contents, breed and season effects, parity and days in milk in dairy cows from Parana State, Brazil. A total of 127,428 test-days from 16,013 dairy cows belonging to 96 herds enrolled in an official milk recording program were analyzed. Multivariate mixed model methodology was used to determine the relationship between MUN and the fixed effects and the covariable milk production. Milk urea nitrogen averaged 14.45±4.60 mg/dL. Positive and intermediate association between MUN and milk yield (r = 0.34) were found. Holstein cows showed lower MUN adjusted means than crossbred, Jersey, and Brown Swiss cows: 14.18 vs. 15.49, 16.12, and 17.62 mg/dL, respectively. First-lactation cows showed higher MUN values than second-lactation and older cows: 16.16 vs. 15.95, and 15.45 mg/dL, respectively. MUN test-days collected during the winter were higher than those collected in the other seasons. The effects of the lactation stage on MUN were significant, with the highest MUN values observed in the sixth month of lactation. High-producing dairy cows showed higher milk urea concentrations but several environmental factors may contribute to reduce this important parameter of diet utilization efficiency.
THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF GALACTIC BULGES IN THE SDSS DATABASE

We present a new database of our two-dimensional bulge–disk decompositions for 14,233 galaxies drawn from Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR12 in order to examine the properties of bulges residing in the local universe (0.005 < z < 0.05). We performed decompositions in the g and r bands by utilizing the galfit software. The bulge colors and bulge-to-total ratios are found to be sensitive to the details in the decomposition technique, and hence we hereby provide full details of our method. The g − r colors of bulges derived are almost constantly red regardless of bulge size, except for the bulges in the low bulge-to-total ratio galaxies (B/Tr ≲ 0.3). Bulges exhibit similar scaling relations to those followed by elliptical galaxies, but the bulges in galaxies with lower bulge-to-total ratios clearly show a gradually larger departure in slope from the elliptical galaxy sequence. The scatters around the scaling relations are also larger for the bulges in galaxies with lower bulge-to-total ratios. Both the departure in slopes and larger scatters likely originate from the presence of young stars. The bulges in galaxies with low bulge-to-total ratios show signs of a frosting of young stars so substantial that their luminosity-weighted Balmer-line ages are as small as 1 Gyr in some cases. While bulges seem largely similar in optical properties to elliptical galaxies, they do show clear and systematic departures as a function of bulge-to-total ratio. The stellar properties and perhaps associated formation processes of bulges seem much more diverse than those of elliptical galaxies.
The Structure of the Radio Recombination Line Maser Emission in the Envelope of MWC349A

Abstract The Submillimeter Array (SMA) has been used to image the emission from radio recombination lines of hydrogen at subarcsecond angular resolution from the young high-mass star MWC349A in the H26α, H30α, and H31α transitions at 353, 232, and 211 GHz, respectively. Emission was seen over a range of 80 km s−1 in velocity and 50 mas (corresponding to 60 AU for a distance of 1200 pc). The emission at each frequency has two distinct components, one from gas in a nearly edge-on annular disk structure in Keplerian motion, and another from gas lifted off the disk at distances of up to about 25 AU from the star. The slopes of the position-velocity (PV) curves for the disk emission show a monotonic progression of the emission radius with frequency with relative radii of 0.85 ± 0.04, 1, and 1.02 ± 0.01 for the H26α, H30α, and H31α transitions, respectively. This trend is consistent with theoretical excitation models of maser emission from a region where the density decreases with radius and the lower transitions are preferentially excited at higher densities. The mass is difficult to estimate from the PV diagrams because the wind components dominate the emission at the disk edges. The mass estimate is constrained to be only in the range of 10–30 solar masses. The distribution of the wind emission among the transitions is surprisingly different, which reflects its sensitivity to excitation conditions. The wind probably extracts significant angular momentum from the system.
Procrastination and anxiety: Exploring the contributions of multiple anxiety-related disorders

Procrastination is the unnecessary delay of a task that subsequently creates anxiety (Rothblum, Solomon, & Maurakami, 1986). Research suggests that procrastination is linked with poorer mental health, but questions remain regarding its association with anxiety disorders. Studies exploring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and procrastination have found high levels of procrastination in OCD (Ferrari & McCown, 1994), but have also found no association between obsessive thoughts and procrastination (Kağan, Çakır, İlhan, & Kandemir, 2010). Scher and Osterman (2002) found that procrastination correlated with physiological anxiety and social anxiety, but not worry. No previous research has examined the connection between procrastination and health anxiety.A non-clinical university sample (N = 300) completed online self-report questionnaires in order to examine the relationships between procrastination and symptoms of OCD, generalised anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, health anxiety, and panic disorder.Symptoms of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and health anxiety correlated with levels of procrastination. However, using a multiple regression analysis, only panic disorder symptoms uniquely predicted procrastination.It is proposed that people with panic disorder may procrastinate to avoid anxiety inducing situations, or that individuals who frequently procrastinate may become sensitive to the anxiety caused by procrastination, thereby potentially triggering panic disorder. The full implications of these findings are further discussed.