Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying purchase perceptions that promote frequent e-commerce buying

This research identifies the factors that may influence the e-commerce buying patterns of consumers. We surveyed 190 adults to examine consumers' demographic characteristics and purchase perceptions as they are applied to the frequency of e-commerce buying. Results showed that younger and better educated shoppers that possess computer and internet experience are more prone than other shoppers to buy items over the internet. An elevated number of children in the household were also found to increase shoppers' propensity to make e-commerce purchases. Additionally, the four purchase perceptions of customer service, shopping experience, consumer risk and product perception were all found to influence buying patterns. Shopping experience, which includes a mixture of effort, lifestyle compatibility, and enjoyment, was found to be most prominent.
Bricks, clicks, and pix: apparel buyers' use of stores, internet, and catalogs compared

– To compare and contrast clothing buyers who buy in stores, on the internet, and through catalogs so as to better understand these behaviors. , – We surveyed 805 US consumers. They reported attitudes and shopping behaviors. These were compared among those who shopped chiefly in stores, on the internet, and through catalogs. , – Consumers who shopped more and spent more for clothing did so via all three shopping modes. Buying on the internet was more highly related to buying by catalog than it was to store buying. Heavy buyers of clothing by all three shopping modes were more involved with fashion, more fashion innovative, and more innovative regarding online buying than light and medium buyers regardless of the shopping mode. Fashion opinion seeking and reliance on sales associates for information were unrelated to amount of buying for all three shopping modes. , – The findings are limited to US consumers and the convenience sample. Other limitations include the specific measures used, and the cross‐sectional survey method prevents us from making causal statements. The effects of other, unmeasured variables could not be assessed. Future studies could avoid these limitations by using data from several countries, representative samples, and additional variables. , – Brick and mortar stores have less to fear from the internet than often thought. Catalogs are more likely to lose sales to the internet than are stores. The most profitable apparel companies might be catalogs or physical retailers who add/build web sites, while pure play companies may have a more difficult time achieving profitability. Apparel managers should focus research attention on learning more about the psychology of their buyers. While involvement with clothing leads to buying more via all three shopping modes, it is more important for store buying than buying by catalog or internet. Remote buyers of clothing are less fashion involved. Catalogs and apparel web sites might wish to feature new fashions, but they may be more successful in selling “standard” or normal clothing online than the latest fashions. They might broaden the selection of fabrics and colors to offer buyers more choices in the styles they already like. Clothing innovators shop more frequently via all three modes, but are most strongly drawn to stores. , – Little research compares shopping across modes. Because modern clothing retailing involves all three modes, the study provides an unusual picture of this shopping behavior.
Liquidity of Danish government and covered bonds: Before, during and after the financial crisis. Preliminary findings

1 We present preliminary findings on the liquidity of the government and covered bond markets in Denmark before, during and after the 2008 financial crisis. The analysis focuses on wholesale trading in benchmark bonds in the two markets and is based on an up to now unused transaction level dataset for the period from January 2005 until May 2010. We find that even though trading continued during the crisis, both markets experienced substantial declines in liquidity and significantly increased liquidity risk. Overall, our findings suggest that Danish benchmark covered bonds by and large are as liquid as Danish government bonds during periods of market stress. The findings also suggest that before the crisis government bonds were slightly more liquid than covered bonds in both the shortand longterm market segments. For the period after the crisis, the two markets appear to have had more or less the same level of liquidity for short-term as well as long-term bonds. 1 The authors would like to thank Jens Dick-Nielsen, Ib Hansen, Kristian Kjeldsen, Jesper Lund, Birgitte Søgaard Holm and Christian Upper for useful comments and discussions. All errors are attributable to the authors.
Laparoscopic management of gynaecological cancer in pregnancy

prompted by laparotomy or colpotomy and not following laparoscopic removal (Grimaldi et al. 2005). However, the most common cause of failure of laparoscopic removal is the fact that the IUCD is embedded in the omentum and cannot be visualised. Therefore, the feasibility of laparoscopic retrieval depends on the ability to spot the device within the peritoneal cavity and the degree of attachment of the device to intraperitoneal structures, especially vascular and intestinal ones. We were contemplating hand assisted laparoscopic removal if laparoscopy failed to spot the device, as a hand within the abdominal cavity will help to restore the tactile sensation which is lacking in laparoscopic procedures. In the event of this failure to localise the device, an image intensifier may be used to help find the migrated device during laparotomy. This case highlights the fact that IUCDs can migrate to unusual sites with minimal symptoms and some potential complications. It also demonstrates the ease of laparoscopic localisation and retrieval, which should be the mainstay of surgical treatment if removal is contemplated.
The Impact of Duality on Managerial Decisions and Performance: Evidence from the Mutual Fund Industry

We study the decisions and performance of managers who are also chair of the board (duality managers). We hypothesize that duality managers take more risky decisions and deliver worse performance than non-duality managers due to reduced level of control and replacement risk. Using the mutual fund industry as our laboratory we provide strong support for these hypotheses: Duality managers take risk that they could easily avoid, deviate from their benchmarks, make extreme decisions, and, consequently, deliver extreme performance outcomes. Furthermore, their average underperformance is 2.5 percent. All effects are the stronger, the more power the manager has in the board.
Hepatitis C virus infection in Nigerians with diabetes mellitus

It has been reported from several Caucasian studies that there is an epidemiological association between hepatitis c virus infection and diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine whether any such relationship exists in a black African population. To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in Nigerians with diabetes mellitus in North-Eastern Nigeria. Hospital –based cross-sectional study. Medical outpatient clinic and the Blood bank of the Federal Medical Centre, Yola. Nigeria. From June, 2008 to December 2009, Two hundred and eighty consecutively recruited diabetes mellitus patients comprising 108 males and 172 females were screened for HCV infection. These were compared with five hundred and ninetyfive voluntary blood donors who were screened during the same period. Serological testing for HCV infection was carried out with anti-HCV using Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The bio-data of the patients, history and duration of diabetes mellitus, history of jaundice, blood transfusion were recorded on a proforma. Out of the 280 diabetes mellitus patients tested, twenty-six were positive for anti-HCV antibodies giving an infection rate of 9.3% compared with fourteen subjects out of 595 voluntary blood donors 2.4% (p=0.0000105). History of blood transfusion, and jaundice was positively correlated with presence of HCV infection in diabetic patients. Hepatitis C virus is more common in Nigerian patients with diabetes mellitus than in non-diabetic control subjects. It may be necessary to screen patients with diabetes mellitus for hepatitis c virus infection particularly those with history of blood transfusion and jaundice.
U.S. Sport Management Programs in Business Schools: Trends and Key Issues

The growth of sport management programs housed in (or with formal curriculum-based ties to) a school of business indicates more academic institutions are reconsidering sport management as a business-oriented field. Thus, research is necessary regarding benchmarking information on the state of these academic programs. The purpose of this study is to explore trends on administration, housing, accreditation, faculty performance indicators and research requirements, as well as salaries for faculty and alumni of such programs. Data was submitted by 74 department chairs and program directors employed in U.S. business schools featuring sport management programs. Results indicate that the majority of sport business programs are part of an interdisciplinary department, COSMA accreditation is largely viewed as redundant, and depending on business schools’ accreditation, variability exists concerning faculty performance measures and research impact, as well as faculty and alumni salaries. These findings suggest considerable progress of sport management programs within business schools.
A case with adducted thumb and club foot syndrome.

In this report we describe an affected sib from a large consanguineous Turkish family who appears to have adducted thumb and club foot syndrome (MIM, 601776). The proband is a 3-month-old boy. His mother is 44 years old and his father is 45 years old. The parents are ®rst cousins. The proband has ®ve healthy sisters. The parents also had another three affected sibs with similar clinical features who died of unknown etiology between the ages of 1 and 4 months. On admission, his weight was 4400 g (3±10 centile) and length was 54 cm (lower than 3 centile), head circumference was 38 cm (10 centile). The patient was born following a normal pregnancy. No illness was noted during the pregnancy. Clinical examination of the proband showed that the anterior fontanelle measured 6 cm 3 6 cm. There was brachycephaly, a broad ̄at face, a long philtrum, a high palate, dysplastic ears, and a short neck (Figure 1a,b). He had generalised joint laxity, arachnodactyly, camptodactyly, adducted thumbs, and bilateral talipes equino-varus deformity (Figure 2). There was an inguinal hernia and bilateral cryptorchidism, Cardiac examination was normal. Neurological examination showed brisk tendon re ̄exes and muscle weakness. Examination of the eyes showed blue sclerae, antimongoloid slant, telecanthus, bilateral epicanthus, bilateral blepharophimosis, normal corneal diameter and no abnormalities in the anterior chambers. Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral nephrolithiasis. Urinary Ca, P, Mg, oxalate and uric acid excretion were found to be normal. Chromosome analysis was normal. Skeletal survey was consistent with adducted thumb and club foot as well as large fontanelles. Bone structure and density were normal. Cranial CT scan showed cranial asymmetry and dilatation of lateral ventricles (Figure 3). Adducted thumb and club foot syndrome was originally reported by Dundar et al. (1997) in Turkish cousins. In the previous report, we discussed several known conditions featuring adducted thumbs including Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (MIM Nos. 193700 and 277720), multiple pterygium syndrome (MIM 265000), congenital contractural arachnodactyly (MIM, 121050), Tel Hashomer and Guadalajara camptodactyly syndromes (MIMs 211960 and 211910, respectively), MASA syndrome/X-linked hydrocephalus (MIM 307000), Christian adducted thumb syndrome (MIM 201550), Michels syndrome (MIM 257920) and Peters' plus syndrome (MIM 261540). There are also certain similalarities to Digitotalar Dysmorphism (Sallis and Beighton, 1972) and the cases reported by Al-Gazali et al. (1994). The clinical features of adducted thumbs and club foot syndrome include distal arthrogryposis with severe adducted thumbs and club foot with dysmorphic facial features. Other abnormalities reported in this condition include anterior chamber abnormalities, and mental retardation (Dundar et al., Clinical Dysmorphology 2001, 10:291±293
Prognostic factors for subsequent epilepsy in children with febrile seizures

Epilepsy following febrile seizures (FS) has been estimated between 2% and 7%. It concerns a prospective study in a large sample of children with a long‐term follow‐up. The aim of this study is to identify the prognostic factors that can lead children with FS to epilepsy.
Supplier Partnerships: Influencing Factors and Strategic Benefits

While numerous articles have been written concerning various aspects of developing supplier partnerships, the empirical evidence of the causes for forming a partnership and the ensuing benefits from such relationships has been scant and primarily limited to the automotive industry. This article describes a model for supplier partnerships and reports on an empirical test of the model using a questionnaire distributed to a broad-based sample of industries. The results indicate that the extent to which a supplier partnership is developed is dependent on top management commitment and on the philosophical view of purchasing. Further, as the degree of the partnership increases, the buying firm typically enjoys significantly increased short-term productivity improvements and long-term strategic advantages.
Market Phoenixes and Banking Ducks are Recoveries Faster in Market-Based Financial Systems?

Recoveries vary considerably across countries: our paper compares recoveries in bank-based and market-based economies and finds that market-based economies experience significantly and durably stronger rebounds than the bank-based ones (in particular the more bank-based economies of continental Europe). Further, stronger recoveries also tend to be associated with broader economic flexibility. Our findings suggest that dealing with bank sector vulnerabilities is paramount to support the recovery. In the medium term, structural policies to deepen financial markets are useful, but need to be complemented with structural measures to address rigidities more broadly in the real economy.
Determinants of Corporate Voluntary Disclosure in Brazil

The central objective of this paper is to identify the factors that explain the level of voluntary disclosure of Brazilian public companies. The theory underpinning this work is the Discretionary-based Disclosure (Verrecchia, 2001). Sample is composed by the top 100 largest non-financial public companies listed in Bovespa. Information has been gathered from Financial Statements for the years ended in 2006, 2007 and 2008 with the use of content analysis. For these, a disclosure framework based on 27 studies has been elaborated. This framework contains a total of 92 voluntary items, divided in two dimensions: economic (43), social-environmental (49). Based on the existing literature, a total of 12 hypotheses have been elaborated and tested using a panel data approach. We have also analyzed the association between voluntary disclosure and company’s sector, which has been confirmed by the Chi-square test at a significance level of 1%. Correspondence Analysis, by means of the perceptual map, has evidenced that (i) retail sector is associated with a ‘bad’ level of disclosure and (ii) electric sector is associated with a ‘good’ and ‘great’ level of voluntary disclosure. Panel data analysis has evidence that: (i) ‘Sector’ and ‘Origin of Control’ are statically significant in all three models tested: economic, social-environmental, and total; (ii) ‘Profitability’ is relevant in the economic model and in the total model; (iii) Tobin’s Q is relevant in the social-environmental model and in the total disclosure model, (iv) ‘Leverage’ and ‘Auditing Firm’ are relevant, only, in the economic disclosure model; (v) ‘Size’, ‘Governance’, ‘Stock Issuing’, ‘Growth Opportunities’ and ‘Concentration of Control’ are not statistically significant in any of the three models of disclosure.
Removal of Iron Oxide With Superconducting Magnet High Gradient Magnetic Separation From Feed-Water in Thermal Plant

By the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant, all the nuclear plants have stopped in Japan. As a result, the operation rate of thermal power plants has been increased. It caused growth in CO2 emission, which requires some kind of countermeasure. We focused on the iron oxide scales deposited on the piping system and boiler which declines the heat exchange efficiency of thermal power plants. In this study we attempt to remove the iron scales from the piping system and the boiler to maintain the power generation efficiency. In the current thermal plant treated by All Volatile Treatment (AVT) the iron elutes to the feed water in the low-temperature part which changes into iron ion or the paramagnetic fine iron oxide particles. On the other hand at the high-temperature part the main component of the scales is large ferromagnetic particles of magnetite. Therefore the magnetic separation at the high-temperature part is the more effective to remove the scale than that at the low-temperature part. For the reason, the existing method using the electromagnetic filter placed in the low-temperature part is not effective to remove the scales. We studied the high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) at high-temperature part to remove a large amount of the scale. In this study, we assumed to install the HGMS system using the superconducting magnet at the inlet of the boiler.
Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000. METHODS: We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children ≤18 years of age that were associated with empyema in 1997, 2000, 2003, and 2006. Using US Census data, estimated counts were converted into annual incidence rates per 100000 children. Incidence rates were compared between 1997 and later years to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospitalization rates. RESULTS: During 2006, an estimated total of 2898 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2532–3264) hospitalizations of children ≤18 years of age in the United States were associated with empyema. The empyema-associated hospitalization rate was estimated at 3.7 (95% CI: 3.3–4.2) per 100000 children, an increase of almost 70% from the 1997 empyema hospitalization rate of 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) per 100000. The rate of complicated pneumonia (empyema, pleural effusion, or bacterial pneumonia requiring a chest tube or decortication) similarly increased 44%, to 5.5 (95% CI: 4.8–6.1) per 100000. The rate of bacterial pneumonia decreased 13%, to 244.3 (95% CI: 231.1–257.5) per 100000. The rate of invasive pneumococcal disease (pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae) decreased 50%, to 6.3 (95% CI: 5.7–6.9) per 100000. CONCLUSIONS: Among children ≤18 years of age, the annual empyema-associated hospitalization rates increased almost 70% between 1997 and 2006, despite decreases in the bacterial pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease rates. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is not decreasing the incidence of empyema.
Meta-analysis of gray matter abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder: should Asperger disorder be subsumed under a broader umbrella of autistic spectrum disorder?

CONTEXT Studies investigating abnormalities of regional gray matter volume in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have yielded contradictory results. It is unclear whether the current subtyping of ASD into autistic disorder and Asperger disorder is neurobiologically valid. OBJECTIVES To conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies exploring gray matter volume abnormalities in ASD, to examine potential neurobiological differences among ASD subtypes, and to create an online database to facilitate replication and further analyses by other researchers. DATA SOURCES We retrieved studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge databases between June 3, 1999, the date of the first voxel-based morphometry study in ASD, and October 31, 2010. Studies were also retrieved from reference lists and review articles. We contacted authors soliciting additional data. STUDY SELECTION Twenty-four data sets met inclusion criteria, comprising 496 participants with ASD and 471 healthy control individuals. DATA EXTRACTION Peak coordinates of clusters of regional gray matter differences between participants with ASD and controls, as well as demographic, clinical, and methodologic variables, were extracted from each study or obtained from the authors. DATA SYNTHESIS No differences in overall gray matter volume were found between participants with ASD and healthy controls. Participants with ASD were found to have robust decreases of gray matter volume in the bilateral amygdala-hippocampus complex and the bilateral precuneus. A small increase of gray matter volume in the middle-inferior frontal gyrus was also found. No significant differences in overall or regional gray matter volumes were found between autistic disorder and Asperger disorder. Decreases of gray matter volume in the right precuneus were statistically higher in adults than in adolescents with ASD. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the crucial involvement of structures linked to social cognition in ASD. The absence of significant differences between ASD subtypes may have important nosologic implications for the DSM-5. The publically available database will be a useful resource for future research.
Fenton chemistry in biology and medicine

Abstract Various aspects of the participation of Fenton chemistry in biology and medicine are reviewed. Accumulated evidence shows that both hydroxyl radical and ferryl [Fe(IV)=O]2+ can be formed under a variety of Fenton and Fenton-like reactions. Some examples of metal-independent hydroxyl radical production are included. Extracellular Fenton reaction is illustrated by the white rot and brown rot wood-decaying fungi. The natural and practical utilization of catechol-driven Fenton reaction is also presented.