Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Limits on point-like sources of ultra-high-energy neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory

With the Surface Detector array (SD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect neutrinos with energy between $10^{17}\,$eV and $10^{20}\,$eV from point-like sources across the sky, from close to the Southern Celestial Pole up to $60^\circ$ in declination, with peak sensitivities at declinations around $\sim -53^\circ$ and $\sim+55^\circ$, and an unmatched sensitivity for arrival directions in the Northern hemisphere. A search has been performed for highly-inclined air showers induced by neutrinos of all flavours with no candidate events found in data taken between 1 Jan 2004 and 31 Aug 2018. Upper limits on the neutrino flux from point-like steady sources have been derived as a function of source declination. An unrivaled sensitivity is achieved in searches for transient sources with emission lasting over an hour or less, if they occur within the field of view corresponding to the zenith angle range between $60^\circ$ and $~95^\circ$ where the SD of the Pierre Auger Observatory is most sensitive to neutrinos.
Forecasting System Approach for Stock Trading with Relative Strength Index and Moving Average Indicator

Stock is one of the investment instruments on the capital markets which provide high returns. Furthermore, Indonesian government also supports to raise awareness on investing in stock market through the national movement “to love stock market”. Apart from that, a lot of people want to invest their money in stocks hoping to get a big return in instant, however many of them suffered losses, and the intention to gain their money is not achieved. Lack of knowledge such as “high return means high risk”, is often forgotten by community. Therefore in order to increase the interest of the community to develop their money in stocks, ability to analyze on stock transactions is deeply needed. This can be achieved by using indicators as tools for analyzing the stock transaction. Departing from the elaborated issue, this research is expected to help the community in analyzing the stock, to know when the time to buy and when the time to sell. This forecasting system will provide an advice to stock investors and stock traders to pay attention to indicators: relative strength index and moving average. In conclusion the result of this research can help the investor to determine the right time to buy and sell. However, this system cannot predict very exact time and cannot became a standard for profitability, because the volatility of stock price.
Nutrient limitation driven dynamics of amino acids and fatty acids in coastal phytoplankton

Coastal seas like the North Sea have been subject to major changes in nutrient inputs over the last decades, resulting in shifts of limiting nutrients for phytoplankton communities. Here, we investigated the seasonal and spatial distribution and synthesis patterns of individual amino acids and distinct fatty acid groups and show how these were affected by different nutrient limitations in natural coastal phytoplankton communities. Nitrogen limited communities exhibited substantially slower synthesis of essential amino acids compared to synthesis of nonessential amino acids. In short‐term nutrient addition experiments, this trend was reversed immediately after N addition to levels found under not limiting conditions. On the contrary, phosphorus limited communities showed no such shift in amino acids. Both N and P limitation induced a shift from structural to storage fatty acids with a concurrent decrease in the synthesis of poly‐unsaturated fatty acids. Reversed effects in fatty acid synthesis after N or P addition were only apparent after 72 h, when they could be found in both fatty acid biosynthesis and concentrations. The different strategies of qualitative and quantitative regulation of different biomolecule synthesis under nutrient scarcity may have far‐reaching consequences for the phytoplankton's nutritional value. Higher trophic levels may have to cope with the loss of essential amino acids and poly‐unsaturated fatty acids in nutrient limited phytoplankton, which could induce changes in the structure of food webs.
Front propagation: Precursors, cutoffs, and structural stability

We discuss the problem of fronts propagating into metastable and unstable states. We examine the time development of the leading edge, discovering a precursor which in the metastable case propagates out ahead of the front at a velocity more than double that of the front and establishes the characteristic exponential behavior of the steady-state leading edge. We also study the dependence of the velocity on the imposition of a cutoff in the reaction term. These studies shed new light on the problem of velocity selection in the case of propagation into an unstable state. We also examine how discreteness in a particle simulation acts as an effective cutoff in this case.
Variation of Heavy Metals in Canned Geisha and Founty Mackerel FishBrands Obtained from Choba Market Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Two varieties of canned mackerel fish samples purchased from Choba market, Port Harcourt, Nigeria were pre-treated using dry ashing methods and were analyzed for heavy metals. Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, were determined using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The range obtained for the elements analyzed in mg/kg (dry weight) are as follows, Cr (0.00-0.0052), Cu(0.00-0.0033), Fe(0.00-0.0379), Mn (0.0016-0.0028), Ni (0.00-0.0018), Pb(0.0004), and Zn(0.01-0.0187). In both brands, the heavy metals levels analyzed were below the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommended limit of 40 mg/kg and the corresponding Ministry of Agriculture, forestry and fishery of the united kingdom(MAFF) guideline value of 2.0mg/kg. Also based on the (USEPA) health criteria for carcinogens, there are no health risks with respect to Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn concentrations in canned fishes analyzed. The results of this study indicate that mackerel fish have concentrations well below the permissible FAO/WHO levels for these toxic metals. Their contribution to the body burden can be therefore considered negligible and the fish seem to be safe for human consumption.
On the universality of PIV uncertainty quantification by image matching

The topic of uncertainty quantification in particle image velocimetry (PIV) is recognized as very relevant in the experimental fluid mechanics community, especially when dealing with turbulent flows, where PIV plays a prime role as diagnostic tool. The issue is particularly important when PIV is used to assess the validity of results obtained with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). An approach for PIV data uncertainty quantification based on image matching has been introduced by Sciacchitano et al [1], where the contribution of individual particle images to the correlation peak is analyzed and the uncertainty is retrieved from the ensemble of particle image disparities. In this paper, the universality of the approach’s working principle is investigated via the application to a wide gamut of experimental data of flows ranging from laminar to turbulent regime and from subsonic to supersonic. Also a methodology for evaluating the performance of the image-matching approach in different experimental conditions is proposed.
Policy Formulation on Social Engineering Information and Communication Technology

Revolution in ICT has led to widening economic and social space, and causing widespread speculation and debate about the potential of ICT to improve human development (UNDP, 2005). Many technological and market developments have provided evidence that the Information Communication Technology (ICT) can greatly contribute to social and economic development of extensive, especially in developing countries (infoDev Project Concept Note, 2008). It has been recognized that the telecommunications services is the driving force of economic growth. In the future, the information is no longer the domain of the state, but also the public domain that can be followed by every member of the community, and even become part of the social construction in the context of ICT USO. This study construct institutional, socio-economic in social engineering ICT USO. This study used action research approach based on Soft Systems Methodology with consideration of research emphasis on Institutional Strategy, in this case the researchers looked at the real world as a versatile system of human activity. This study analyzes the Information Communication and Technology Universal Service Obligation (USO ICT) using experience-based knowledge - moving between perceived about real- world (reality) and feeling about real world (actuality) to construct strategy in improving the performance of ICT USO. Improved performance of ICT USO need the systemic and holistic approach in policy formulation ICT USO through the National Medium Term Development Plan. Keywords : Technological competitiveness, Institution-Based View, Information communication and technology, Universal service obligation
Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri

The shell-boring polychaete worm Polydora websteri, also known as blister worm, is a pest species that infests the shells of several commercially important shellfish species, including those of the oysters Crassostrea virginica and C. gigas. Historical records indicate that infestations of blister worm have impacted shellfish culture worldwide for over 100 yr. Although a lot of attention has been given to the burrowing habits of and damage created by blister worms, few studies have examined the levels of population genetic structure in this cosmopolitan species. We examined the patterns of sequence divergence at the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene for individual P. websteri specimens sampled from oysters and scallops collected from shellfish farms along the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts, and Hawaii. The mtCOI sequences we obtained were aligned and compared with published sequences for P. websteri adults and larvae sampled at an oyster farm in Guangdong Province, China. We observed little genetic variation, overall, and no differentiation between populations of P. websteri, a pattern that suggests high levels of connectivity among locations. It is unlikely that natural dispersal alone can account for this lack of differentiation; rather, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that human-mediated introductions have led to genetic homogeneity across large geographic distances for this pest polychaete species.
How are Graphs of Two Variable Functions Taught

This is a study about how graphs of functions of two-variables are taught. We are interested in particular in the techniques introduced to draw and analyze these graphs. This continues previous work dedicated to students’ understanding of topics of twovariable functions in multivariable calculus courses. The model of the “moments of study” from the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic (ATD) is used to analyze the didactical organization of the topic of interest in a popular calculus textbook, and in a typical classroom presentation. In so doing we obtain information about the institutional dependence of findings in previous studies.
Some open problems on multiple ergodic averages

1. Extended bibliography organized by topic Below we give a rather extensive bibliography with material that is directly related to the problems discussed before, organized by topic. We caution the reader that this is not a comprehensive list of articles in ergodic Ramsey theory, and in fact articles on several important topics are missing from this list. For instance, the reader will flnd very few articles related to actions of non-commuting measure preserving transformations, the richness of return times in various multiple recurrence results, and no articles related to problems in topological dynamics and applications in partition Ramsey theory. Luckily, there are several excellent places to look for such topics, for instance, the survey articles of V. Bergelson [24, 27, 28] cover a lot of related material and contain an extensive bibliography up to 2006.
How do Ex-Ante Severance Pay Contracts Fit into Optimal Executive Incentive Schemes?

We analyze a sample of over 3,600 ex ante explicit severance pay agreements in place at 808 firms and show that firms set ex ante explicit severance pay agreements as one component in managing the optimal level of equity incentives. Younger executives are more likely to receive explicit contracts and better terms. Firms with high distress risk, high takeover probability, and high return volatility are significantly more likely to enter into new or revised severance contracts. Finally, ex post payouts to managers are largely determined by the ex ante contract terms.
Growth Associated Hormones Response and Fat Metabolism Change in Finishing Pigs Fed with n-Methyl-d, L-Aspartate

A trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary NMA on several growth associated hormones and fat metabolism in finishing pigs. A total of 84 crossbred finishing pigs (average initial BW of 56±0.37 kg) were divided into 6 pens, 14 pigs per pen (7 gilts and 7 barrows per pen). 3 pens of pigs were fed with control diet (corn-soybean meal) and the others were fed control diet addition with 50 mg/kg NMA. During the trial, all pigs were given free access to feed and water. After 44 days trial, 8 pigs from each treatment (4 gilts and 4 barrows, weight similar to average group weight, 86.94±0.71 kg for control group, and 90.55±1.51 kg for NMA treated group) were sacrificed to collect the sample of the liver, longissimus muscle, subcutaneous fat (10th rib). The addition of NMA in diet increased the IGF-I, Insulin, T3, T4 levels in serum by 50.68% (p<0.05), 38.36% (p<0.05), 123.33% (p<0.01), 60.58% (p<0.03), respectively. Meanwhile, IGF-I level in the liver and the muscle were increased with 17.83% (p<0.03) and 26.00% (p<0.03) with addition of NMA. The data from subcutaneous fat (10th rib) analysis showed that supplement of 50 mg/kg NMA decreased the total activities of malic dehydrogenase (MDH) by 20.54% (p<0.05), glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-DPH) by 16.97% (p<0.05), and decreased the specific activities of MDH and G-6-DPH by 37.46% (p<0.01) and 35.06% (p<0.01), respectively. The hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) total activity was increased by 25.00% (p<0.05) in NMA treated pigs. These results indicated that addition of 50 mg/kg NMA to diet can induce the endocrine great change in finishing pigs, furthermore, inhibit the fat synthesis through suppressing lipogenic enzymes and promote the fat degradation by elevating HSL activity in finishing pigs. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 7 : 1026-1030)
The Greenness of China: Household Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Urban Development

China urbanization is associated with both increases in per-capita income and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper uses micro data to rank 74 major Chinese cities with respect to their household carbon footprint. We find that the "greenest" cities based on this criterion are Huaian and Suqian while the "dirtiest" cities are Daqing and Mudanjiang. Even in the dirtiest city (Daqing), a standardized household produces only one-fifth of that in America's greenest city (San Diego). We find that the average January temperature is strongly negatively correlated with a city's household carbon footprint, which suggests that current regional economic development policies that bolster the growth of China's northeastern cities are likely to increase emissions. We use our city specific income elasticity estimates to predict the growth of carbon emissions in China's cities.
The Relationship between Information Asymmetry and Stock Return in the Presence of Accounting Conservatism

This study aimed to test the effect of information asymmetry on the stock return in the presence of accounting conservatism in industrial companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) in the period from 2006 to 2012. The study found that investors who have private information can benefit from that through achieving outstanding returns, which means that information asymmetry affects the stock return positively, but when taking into consideration the conservative accounting policies practiced by management, this effect was faded.
Persistent Taboo Understanding Mental Illness and Stigma among Indonesian Adults Through Grounded Theory

This study explored stigma associated with mental illness among Indonesian adults living in Indonesia. It investigated how mentally ill adults (both mentally ill patients and mental health nurses) perceive mental illness and how they respond to stigmatization on a daily basis. Given the current state of knowledge with regards to the meaning and process of stigma and mental illness among adults in Indonesia, a constructivist grounded theory was considered to be the method of choice for this study. We recruited 15 nurses and 15 patients to participate in the study; all from a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. Data collection methods involved semi-structured interviews with the 30 participants as well as mute evidence, field notes and memos. Data analysis occurred over a period of six months. In keeping with the basic principles of a grounded theory method as well as Paille’s structure for data analysis which are congruent with Charmaz’s principles and include stages of codification, categorization, linking categories, integration, conceptualization, and theorization, 5 discrete but interrelated categories were produced: 1) treatment of mental illness; 2) violence; 3) fear; 4) constructing cursed citizens; and 5) stigmatization. Research results show that the experience of stigma for mentally ill patients in Indonesia is pervasive and impedes mental health services utilization. The stigmatization of mental illness is manifested by family members, members of the community, mental health professionals and staff, and also by governmental institutions and the media. Stigmatization is characterized by violence, fear, exclusion, isolation, rejection, blame, discrimination, and devaluation. Moreover, because of their (mis)understanding of mental illness, patients and families turn to alternative treatments provided by non-professionals (shamans, Islamic leaders, paranormals and traditional Chinese medicine); these individuals play a central role in supporting and offering solutions for someone suffering from a mental illness. In Indonesia, stigma affects mentally ill individuals at many levels. Until stigma associated with mental illness is addressed nationwide, those suffering from mental illness will continue to suffer and be prevented from accessing mental health services. As the results of this study have shown, patients seeking treatment experience violence and fear. Families and their mentally ill relatives have been expelled by their community, or have simply disappeared. Both physical and psychological abuse and humiliation have led to patients being avoided, rejected, and neglected, and thus isolated, hidden, or abandoned to the streets.
Incentive Preferences of Employees in Germany and the USA: An Empirical Investigation **

This study investigates performance reward preferences of employees in Germany and the USA. The investigation uses the following three constructs: The Institutional Framework and its formal and informal implications for incentive compensation, Diminishing Marginal Utility of individuals related to performance rewards, and Incentive Schemes as motivational devices in organizations. Our empirical investigation is based upon survey data collected from employees of a MNC in Germany and the USA using an enriched form of Hofstede? s cross-cultural questionnaire. Our results show that employees from these countries have different preferences on incentives and further that incentive plans designed for one country might have non-motivating consequences in the other. We also find that the logic of diminishing marginal utility applies to certain rewards. Referencing these results, we suggest a method for organizations to develop effective and efficient incentive systems.
Short-term physical and chemical variations in the bottom water of middle Adriatic depressions

A physical and chemical dataset collected in the Jabuka (Pomo) depression area (middle Adriatic Sea) was analysed for seasonal and interannual changes in temperature, salinity, density, dissolved oxygen and nitrates. A historical dataset collected from 1980 to 1997 was extended with data from 15 oceanographic cruises conducted between 1998 and 2002 in the framework of the SINAPSI research program. The bottom water masses of the Jabuka pits are periodically renewed by Northern Adriatic Deep Water (NAdDW) at 1 to 3 yr intervals. During late winter-early spring, the new water eventually flows into the western pit and then into the central and eastern ones. During 1 yr of residence in the pits, bottom water nitrates increase 3-fold and dissolved oxygen decreases by 28% due to mineralisation processes. Some aspects of recently observed decadal climatic anomalies in the Northern Adriatic Sea, in particular the average winter sea surface warming, are revealed by the analysed dataset. Relationships were observed between these anomalies and the Eastern Mediterranean Transient (EMT), and from this (and other indirect indications) we infer that since 1999 the Adriatic Sea has re-emerged as a major source of Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water (EMDW). These findings confirm the worth of the mesoadriatic depressions as an easily accessible recording site of interannual oceanographic variations in the Adriatic basin.
Ordovician conodonts of the Devendeus Formation at the Angosto de La Quesera (Cordillera Oriental of Salta, Argentina): Taxonomic considerations and biostratigraphic significance

Conodonts recovered from the Devendeus Formation at the Angosto de La Quesera locality (Cordillera Oriental of Salta) in northwestern Argentina include Nogamiconus sp. , Problematoconites perforatus, Drepanoistodus sp. , Oneotodus sp. , Scolopodus filosus, Teridontus nakamurai and Variabiloconus sp. , as a part of an association that defines a pre-Paltodus deltifer Zone. The material most likely represents the Cordylodus angulatus and/or the lower part of the Rossodus manitouensis Zone. These microfossils support the dating of the Devendeus Formation as Tremadocian (Early Ordovician).
Regional and farm system drivers of avian biodiversity within agriculture ecosystems.

Summary Farm-wide bird surveys were carried out on 119 grass-based farms located in three separate regions in Ireland during the winter and breeding seasons. Data relating to livestock production system (dairy or non-dairy) and participation in the Irish agrienvironment scheme (AES) at the time, the Rural Environmental Protection Scheme, were collected. GLMMs were used to establish the factors influencing bird populations during the winter and breeding season. Region and farming system had significant effects on avian biodiversity and there were frequently greater numbers on more intensively managed dairy farms, compared with less intensive non-dairy farms. AES participation had no significant effect on bird populations. Our findings demonstrate a clear influence of region and farm system on avian biodiversity, and suggest that the greater resource availability in more intensive farm systems may actually be beneficial for certain components of farmland biodiversity.