Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Depression among Older People in Vietnam

Depression is one of the leading causes of disease burdens in recent years, and it is expected to continue to be so in the coming decades. Depression among older people (defined as those 60 years and older) is associated with disability, increased mortality, and poorer outcomes from physical illness, but it is often under-recognized and under-treated since people know little about the underlying factors influencing it in the elderly, and how they are correlated. This paper aimed to investigate the various factors associated with depressive symptoms among Vietnam’s elderly population. We used the first-ever nationally representative data for older people, namely, the Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS) in 2011, along with probit regression models to identify these factors. We found that, for both urban and rural areas, older people who experienced domestic violence, who did not have enough finance for daily living, and who lived alone were more likely to be depressed than their counterparts. In contrast, marital status, educational level, working status, mutual support between older people and their children, and participation in social activities were not factors significantly related to their depression. Due to different living conditions and arrangements, the depression contexts of urban and rural older people were significantly determined by different factors, such as the roles in family decision-making and the burden of care of great-grandchildren or other family members.
Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Alloy

A first-principles study has been performed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the system. The simulations are based upon the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). Calculations are performed to different Bi concentrations. The lattice constant of increases with Bi concentration while the alloy remains in the zinc-blende structure. The band gap of clearly shrinks with the Bi concentration. The optical transition of Bi dopant in GaAs exhibits a red shift. Besides, other important optical constants, such as the dielectric function, reflectivity, refractive index, and loss function also change significantly.
Contribution of Environmental Factors to Soil Moisture and Their Scale Effect on the LOESS Plateau, China

Environmental factors have great impact on soil moisture. Despite their great contribution to the spatial distribution and variability of soil moisture, how they changes over the scales remains poorly understood. Here we examined the contribution of eight environmental factors to the soil moisture at three scales (slope scale, small watershed scale and regional scale) on the Loess Plateau, China. Our study showed that as the scale increased from slope to regional scale, the contribution of climatic factors generally increased, whereas that of topographical factors generally decreased. Consequently, the information provided by slope position (Slpo) slowly turned to that of slope gradient (Slga), mean annual precipitation (Pma), mean annual temperature (Tma) and other climatic factors. The shifting of the information in our study could also be associated with the changes of determinant and main limiting factors among the different scales. These results suggested that the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture as well as its dominant factors are different over time and space. They are determined by scale effect of environmental factors that influence soil moisture.
High Prevalence of Carotid Plaque Identified Using Standard Carotid Ultrasound Techniques in HIV-Positive Patients with Low to Moderate Vascular Risk

Background: People with HIV have an increased risk for developing atherosclerosis. The objective of our study was to measure the prevalence of carotid ultrasound abnormalities in HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy using routine carotid ultrasound. We examined the association between abnormal carotid ultrasounds and traditional cardiovascular and HIV-related risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on male HIV-positive patients with low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk attending the HIV Metabolic Clinic in Vancouver, British Columbia (BC). Carotid ultrasounds were performed between January 1, 2002 and June 30, 2012, and this information was used to establish patients overall cardiovascular risk. Patient's charts were reviewed to obtain clinical data for traditional and HIV-related risk factors. Antiretroviral treatment information was obtained from the provincial Drug Treatment Program (DTP) data-base. An abnormal carotid ultrasound was defined by the presence of carotid plaque(s) and was used as a surrogate marker for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation. Results: A total of 175 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy since 1996 were analyzed. The prevalence of carotid ultrasound abnormality was 47%. By multivariable analysis, the factors associated with carotid ultrasound abnormality included having history of high blood pressure (odds ratio 2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17, 6.13) and a history of intravenous drug use (OR: 4.55, 95% CI: 1.40, 14.79). The odds ratios of carotid ultrasound abnormality for patients 46-55 years and ≥56 years old compared to ≤45 years old were 2.57 (95% CI: 1.08, 6.14) and 5.16 (95% CI: 2.02, 13.19), respectively. For every additional year on antiretroviral therapy, the odds ratio of abnormal carotid ultrasound increased by 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.19). Conclusion: Our study suggests that HIV-positive patients assessed as having low cardiovascular risk have a high prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease at younger ages. Some traditional factors and longer exposure to ARV's were associated with carotid ultrasound abnormalities.
Effects of multi-species swards on dry matter production and the incidence of unsown species at three Irish sites

Recent ecological research provides evidence that an increased number of plant species in natural grasslands is associated with increased biomass productivity, and provides a wide range of other ecosystem benefits. This suggests that increases in species diversity in agricultural ecosystems may similarly lead to increased benefits. The work reported below was part of the COST 852 Agrodiversity experiment, carried out at 34 sites across Europe. In Ireland, the effects of four-species grass-clover mixtures on herbage production, species persistence and unsown species suppression at three sites over multiple years, were investigated under growing conditions that were intensive relative to unfertilised natural grassland systems. The design included a range of four-species mixtures and monocultures of perennial ryegrass, timothy, cocksfoot, white clover, red clover and Caucasian clover. Several harvests were taken at each site for two or three years. Species diversity had a strong, persistent and positive effect on overall yield and the yield of sown species, and enhanced resistance to the growth of unsown species. Mixtures generally yielded well when compared with the best monoculture, and sometimes out yielded it. These effects on total yield declined over time but were still important at the end of the experiments. The diversity effects on sown species yield and on resistance to unsown species increased with time. Diversity effects were robust to changes in species composition, and persisted for the duration of the experiments across mixtures and over time. Virtually every mixture had a higher yield, and suppressed unsown species better, than monocultures of perennial ryegrass. These patterns were broadly consistent across sites. The persistence of species varied widely and was not consistent across sites.
Four general principles for the management and conservation of wetlands in large lakes: the role of water levels, nutrients, competitive hierarchies and centrifugal organization

The most important factor in shoreline wetlands is variation in water depth. Superimposed upon this are gradients of soil fertility, ranging from sandy, open shorelines to sheltered, fertile bays. The use of both transplant and pot experiments shows that competitive hierarchies rapidly arise in wetland vegetation and that species are sorted along exposure and depth gradi­ ents according to their relative competitive abilities. These patterns can be summarized in the centrifugal organization model, in which competitive dominants occupy preferred core habitats and where different species and vegetation types are then arrayed outward along different constraint gradients (Wisheu & Keddy 1992). Knowledge of these general patterns provides an essential tool for managing lakes and reservoirs in order to maintain and enhance biological diversity.
An Empirical Temperature Variance Source Model in Heated Jets

An acoustic analogy approach is implemented that models the sources of jet noise in heated jets. The equivalent sources of turbulent mixing noise are recognized as the differences between the fluctuating and Favre-averaged Reynolds stresses and enthalpy fluxes. While in a conventional acoustic analogy only Reynolds stress components are scrutinized for their noise generation properties, it is now accepted that a comprehensive source model should include the additional entropy source term. Following Goldstein s generalized acoustic analogy, the set of Euler equations are divided into two sets of equations that govern a non-radiating base flow plus its residual components. When the base flow is considered as a locally parallel mean flow, the residual equations may be rearranged to form an inhomogeneous third-order wave equation. A general solution is written subsequently using a Green s function method while all non-linear terms are treated as the equivalent sources of aerodynamic sound and are modeled accordingly. In a previous study, a specialized Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver was implemented to compute the variance of thermal fluctuations that determine the enthalpy flux source strength. The main objective here is to present an empirical model capable of providing a reasonable estimate of the stagnation temperature variance in a jet. Such a model is parameterized as a function of the mean stagnation temperature gradient in the jet, and is evaluated using commonly available RANS solvers. The ensuing thermal source distribution is compared with measurements as well as computational result from a dedicated RANS solver that employs an enthalpy variance and dissipation rate model. Turbulent mixing noise predictions are presented for a wide range of jet temperature ratios from 1.0 to 3.20.
The effects of human and infrastructural capital on the entry rates of new technology-based firms at the local level

The study explores the impact of the local endowment of both human and infrastructural capital on the creation of new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in the 103 Italian provinces in the 1996-2005 period. Our empirical results indicate that both human and infrastructural capital have a significant positive effect on NTBFs’ entry rates, although the impacts are different depending on whether the industry is manufacturing or services. More specifically, the impact of human capital is weak on the manufacturing industries, while infrastructural capital plays a key role in services. The results also show the absence of complementary effects between human and infrastructural capital, either in manufacturing industries or in services.
STAR FORMATION AND THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN NEARBY TIDAL STREAMS (SAINTS): SPITZER MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING OF INTERGALACTIC STAR-FORMING OBJECTS

A spectroscopic analysis of 10 intergalactic star-forming objects (ISFOs) and a photometric analysis of 67 ISFOs in a sample of 14 interacting systems is presented. The majority of the ISFOs have relative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) band strengths similar to those of nearby spiral and starburst galaxies. In contrast to what is observed in blue compact dwarfs (BCDs) and local giant H ii regions in the Milky Way (NGC 3603) and the Magellanic Clouds (30 Doradus and N 66), the relative PAH band strengths in ISFOs correspond to models with a significant PAH ion fraction (<50%) and bright emission from large PAHs (∼100 carbon atoms). The [Ne iii]/[Ne ii] and [S iv]/[S iii] line flux ratios indicate moderate levels of excitation with an interstellar radiation field that is harder than the majority of the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey and starburst galaxies, but softer than BCDs and local giant H ii regions. The ISFO neon line flux ratios are consistent with a burst of star formation ≲6 million years ago. Most of the ISFOs have ∼106 M☉ of warm H2 with a likely origin in photo-dissociation regions (PDRs). Infrared Array Camera photometry shows the ISFOs to be bright at 8 μm, with one-third having [4.5] − [8.0] > 3.7, i.e., enhanced non-stellar emission, most likely due to PAHs, relative to normal spirals, dwarf irregulars, and BCD galaxies. The relative strength of the 8 μm emission compared to that at 3.6 μm or 24 μm separates ISFOs from dwarf galaxies in Spitzer two-color diagrams. The infrared power in two-thirds of the ISFOs is dominated by emission from grains in a diffuse interstellar medium. One in six ISFOs have significant emission from PDRs, contributing ∼30%–60% of the total power. ISFOs are young knots of intense star formation.
SYSTEMATIC THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE INTERSTELLAR CARBON CHAIN MOLECULES

In an effort to further our interest in understanding the basic chemistry of interstellar molecules, here we carry out an extensive investigation of the stabilities of interstellar carbon chains; Cn, H2Cn, HCnN and CnX (X = N, O, Si, S, H, P, H−, N−). These sets of molecules account for about 20% of all the known interstellar and circumstellar molecules. Their high abundances, therefore, demand serious attention. High-level ab initio quantum chemical calculations are employed to accurately estimate the enthalpy of formation, chemical reactivity indices, global hardness and softness, and other chemical parameters of these molecules. Chemical modeling of the abundances of these molecular species has also been performed. Of the 89 molecules considered from these groups, 47 have been astronomically observed, and these observed molecules are found to be more stable with respect to other members of the group. Of the 47 observed molecules, 60% are odd-numbered carbon chains. Interstellar chemistry is not actually driven by thermodynamics, but it is primarily dependent on various kinetic parameters. However, we found that the detectability of the odd-numbered carbon chains could be correlated due to the fact that they are more stable than the corresponding even-numbered carbon chains. Based on this aspect, the next possible carbon chain molecule for astronomical observation in each group is proposed. The effect of kinetics in the formation of some of these carbon chain molecules is also discussed.
StrokeDx: A Logic Programming System to Diagnose Stroke

BACKGROUND: Decision support for stroke diagnosis is important given the complexity of diagnosis. GOAL: Write a software system to diagnose stroke using logic programming technology. METHODS: Using the conventional data elements for neurological workup, a set of benchmarks for stroke syndromes and a peripheral neuropathy syndrome have been encoded. Using logic programming and back-chaining rule base, a program called StrokeDx to diagnosis stroke has been created. Development of Stroke Benchmarks and rule sets was done at the same time using rapid prototyping. Each diagnostic rule base was applied to all benchmark datasets to compute a confidence factor from 0 to 1. Diagnoses included frontal stroke, occipital stroke, Wallenberg syndrome, and radial neuropathy. RESULTS: The sensitivity of each diagnostic rule set (for the appropriate diagnosis) was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Our approach has demonstrated technical feasibility, the goals were met, and encoding of other neurological syndromes is in progress.
Durability of Modified Expanded Polystyrene Concrete after Dynamic Cyclic Loading

EPS concrete was produced by mixing the expanded polystyrene spheres (EPS) and polymer emulsion and thickener to the matrix concrete, and this concrete had good vibration energy absorption characteristics. Based on the experimental data obtained on EPS volume ratio of 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by replacing matrix or coarse aggregate, the two design styles had nearly the same compressive strength. By applying frequency of 5 Hz, 50000 or 100000 times, 40 KN, 50 KN, and 60 KN cyclic loading, it is shown that the higher the inclusion size was, the lower the compressive strength of the EPS concrete would be; the larger the applying dynamic cyclic load was, the more obvious the compressive strength changing would be. Meanwhile, the strength of EPS concrete had no evident change after durability test. The results of this research had practical significance on using EPS concrete in some long-term cyclic dynamic load engineering.
Increasing Student Academic Achievement through the Use of Single and Mixed Gender Cooperative Grouping Patterns.

This report describes a program for implementing specific cooperative grouping patterns in order to increase students' academic performance. The targeted population consisted of junior high and high school students located in the northwest and southwest suburbs of a large metropolitan area. An instructional strategy in which both like-gender and mixed-gender grouping patterns were used in Spanish and math classroom cooperative activities is outlined. Findings indicate that single-gender groups achieved higher scores, received more favorable evaluations, and generally had more positive group interactions. (Contains 18 references.) (WRM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement DUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as ',Jed from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 00 INCREASING STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH THE USE OF SINGLE AND MIXED GENDER COOPERATIVE GROUPING PATTERNS Pia Klebosits Beth Perrone An Action Research Project Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the School of Education in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Teaching and Leadership Saint Xavier University & Skylight Field Based Masters Program Chicago, Illinois May, 1998
Working Capital Management a Measurement Tool for Profitability: A Study on Pharmaceutical Industry in Bangladesh

The paper is an attempt to show the relationship between working capital and the profitability function of pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh. Working capital management as a financial strategy has its effects on liquidity as well as profitability of the firm. To serve the study mostly secondary data have been used of pharmaceutical companies listed in DSE & CSE and data include time series from annual reports of the selected companies. Sample size includes10 selected pharmaceutical companies and their five years annual data. Multiple regression and correlation have been used to analyze the data. To serve the study perspective, this paper considered the working capital indicators such as (Account Receivable Turnover in days, Account payable Turnover in days, Inventory Turnover in days and Cash conversion cycle) as independent variable where as Profitability indicator (Return on Assets) as dependent variable and found there is a significant relationship between the variables studied. Finally the study shows the rejection of Null hypotheses (H 0 ) which mentions that there is significant effect of working capital on firm’s profitability. The inference drawn from the study would be able to provide the basis for rethinking the practices of working capital management for competitive survival.
Influence of particle type and faunal activity on mixing of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in natural sediments

The influence of faunal activity and particle type on sediment-mixing processes of the particle-bound organic contaminant di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were examined over a 48 d experimental period with natural box-cosm sediments. A dual-labelling radiotracer technique using 14 C-DEHP and 51 Cr determined the fate and utilization of DEHP associated with either sediment or phytoplankton particles. Particle-mixing was estimated using a 1-dimensional transient-state biodiffusion model and expressed as Db coefficients. Sediment 51 Cr depth profiles fitted this simple biodiffusion model well, indicating randomized, vertical particle mixing. Particle reworking rates were approximately 9-fold higher in faunated treatments compared to defaunated control sediments, thus quantifying the importance of benthic fauna as agents of physical transport. Biodiffusion rates in faunated box-cosms were significantly higher in phytoplankton compared to sediment 14 C-DEHP particle treatments (p < 0.05). This was attributed to an experimental urchin effect resulting from natural variations in the density of the large macrofaunal urchin Echinocardium cordatum between particle treatments. Sediment-mixing rates were independent of particle type when this urchin effect was removed. Examination of 14 C and 51 Cr relative depth profiles showed the 2 tracers to be coupled in defaunated sediments and decoupled with animals present. This effect was also independent of particle-type, indicating no selective transport associated with the particle-type treatments. The decoupling of tracers in faunated treatments, with 14C-DEHP having consistently higher depth-weighted mean values than the 51 Cr tracer, suggested a decrease in surface 14 C-DEHP concentrations through degradation processes at the sediment-water interface. Sediment-mixing rates increased significantly with increasing total community biomass, indicating that size (biomass) may be the single most important community parameter determining sediment-mixing intensity. Downward particle transport was strongly correlated with E cordatum abundance (p < 0.01), the dominant species in the benthic community in terms of size. E. cordatum densities also correlated strongly with the number of benthic infaunal species present in the box-cosms, with maximum infaunal species numbers occurring at intermediate E. cordata densities. This is in accordance with theories on intermediate disturbance. The 2 14 C-DEHP particle-type treatments had no significant effect on E. cordata body sizes or DEHP body burden. The large urchin E. cordatum clearly dominated sediment-mixing, and did so in a 'non-selective' manner.
Prevalence of Flavobacterium psychrophilum Infection in Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) in Gunma Prefecture, Japan and Comparison of the gyr B Sequences of Isolates

The prevalence of cold-water disease (CWD) in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum was investigated in 3 different sites along the Tone River in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. F. psychrophilum was isolated from 7 of 8 fishes from site A (88%), 15 of 101 from site B (15%), and 3 of 8 from site C (38%). The gene encoding DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB) of F. psychrophilum in 16 isolates was partially sequenced. Among the 16 strains, 15 strains had gene sequences that completely matched those of a species type strain (NCIMB1947 T ). Another strain confirmed one nucleotide substitution, however, the codon resulting from this substitution was synonymous with that in the type strain sequence. The results suggested that CWD was widespread in the Tone River of Gunma Prefecture, with little genetic divergence from the species type strain.