Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acid treated Indian Rosewood Sawdust (Dalbergia Sissoo): An Efficient Adsorbent for Methylene blue

After treatment with 1M hydrochloric acid, Indian rosewood sawdust (Dalbergia Sissoo), an inexpensive agricultural by-product showed excellent adsorption properties for synthetic dye, Methylene blue (MB). A systematic study of adsorption behavior of acid treated sawdust (ATS) was carried out in terms of various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, initial pH of dye solution and particle size of adsorbent. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to analyze the equilibrium data at different temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters such as ∆G o , ∆H o and ∆S o were evaluated by applying standard equations. ATS was further characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and XRD Analysis. The adsorption capacity of ATS was found to be 52.4 mg/g at initial pH 7 for the particle size in the range of 0-212µm. The adsorption of MB followed the pseudo-second order kinetics. The studies identified that ATS possess favorable adsorptive properties for its application in the treatment of effluents from the industries.
Two-Dimensional Analysis of Dam-Break Flow in Vertical Plane

This work presents numerical computations for the analysis of Dam-Break Flow using two-dimensional flow equations in a vertical plane. The numerical model uses the general approach of the simplified marker and cell method combined with the volume of fluid approach for the surface tracking. The time evolution of flow depth at the dam site and the evolution of the pressure distribution are investigated for both wet and dry bed conditions. The effect of the initially nonhydrostatic state on the long term surface profile and wave velocity are studied. These long term effects are found to be marginal in the case of wet-bed conditions, but are significant in dry-bed conditions. The dry-bed tip velocity immediately after the dam break, computed numerically, compares well with analytical results published previously. The time taken to obtain a constant flow depth at the dam site increases with decreasing initial depth ratio. The numerical result for this time elapse for dry-bed conditions is close to the experime.
Fostering students' critical thinking by project-based learning

This research focused on fostering students’ critical thinking through Project-Based Learning. The design of the research was descriptive qualitative method. The subjects were the lecturer of TEFL 1 course and 25 students in C class of the fourth semester of STAIN Ponorogo who took TEFL 1 course. The instruments used are in the form of observation sheet and interview guideline. The data analysis applied in this research used data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings showed that the implementation Project-Based Learning that fosters the students’ critical thinking in TEFL class are through the following steps: (1) Discussing the materials about English Language Teaching Method, (2) working with the group to construct scenario of teaching practice, (3) practicing the scenario, (4) recording the teaching practice into video, and (5) evaluating the video product. Moreover, the result of interview indicates that the students showed significantly positive attitude toward the implementation of Project-Based Learning. Finally, English teachers are recommended to implement Project-Based Learning in EFL class since it facilitates the students to build their critical thinking.
Testing and application of a low-cost photogrammetric recording system suitable for cultural heritage recording

In the field of conservation, cost effective and easy to use methods are required to record cultural heritage and close-range photogrammetry has proved effective in this area. Off-theshelf digital cameras can be used to rapidly acquire data at low cost, allowing non-experts to become involved. Exterior orientation of the camera during exposure needs to be known for every image, traditionally requiring known coordinated target points. Establishing these points is time consuming and costly and using targets can be often undesirable. To overcome these problems a recording system is being developed that is capable of deriving the exterior orientation of a camera during exposure directly and cheaply. The system comprises an offthe- shelf digital SLR camera, a small-size 3D orientation sensor and a GPS antenna. All system components were assembled in a compact and rigid frame that allows calibration of the rotational and positional offsets between the components. The project involves collaboration between English Heritage and Loughborough University and the intention is to test the system at several heritage sites during 2010. It is expected that results from the first heritage site are presented at the conference; allowing assessment of the performance of the recording system, the stability of the calibration and the system’s practicability in a heritage recording environment. Intermediate results of the ongoing data analysis indicate that the data recorded by the system can indeed meet the accuracy requirements for heritage recording with either a single or even no control points. As the recording system has been configured with a focus on low-cost and easy-to-use components, it is believed to be suitable for heritage recording by non-specialists. This offers the opportunity for lay people to become more involved in their local heritage, an important aspiration identified by English Heritage.
Interactive comment on “The influence of biomass burning on tropospheric composition over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Equatorial Africa during the West African monsoon in 2006” by J. E. Williams et al

The influence of biomass burning on tropospheric composition over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Equatorial Africa during the West African monsoon in 2006 J. E. Williams, M. P. Scheele, P. F. J. van Velthoven, V. Thouret, M. Saunois, C. E. Reeves, and J.-P. Cammas Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands Université de Toulouse, UPS, LA(Laboratorie d’Aerologie), 31400 Toulouse, France Laboratorie d’Aeronomie, (UMR UPS/CNRS 5560), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Numerical Evaluation of Multivariate Contingent Claims

We develop a numerical approximation method for valuing multivariate contingent claims. The approach is based on an n-dimensional extension of the lattice binomial method. Closed-form solutions for the jump probabilities and the jump amplitudes are obtained. The accuracy of the method is illustrated in the case of European options when there are three underlying assets. Article published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Financial Studies in its journal, The Review of Financial Studies.
Virus-induced gene silencing in diverse maize lines using the brome mosaic virus-based silencing vector.

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a widely used tool for gene function studies in many plant species, though its use in cereals has been limited. In addition, within cereal species the varieties that best respond during VIGS screens are often not known. Using a Brome mosaic virus (BMV) vector designed to silence the maize phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene, a genetically diverse set of maize inbred lines was screened for development of gene silencing after inoculation of seeds through the novel use of a vascular puncture inoculation technique. In addition to Va35, which previously was shown to support silencing, maize lines NC300, Ki11, Oh7b, M162W and CML52 displayed significant visible photobleaching when challenged with the BMV-PDS. In these plants, targeted PDS mRNA expression was decreased 50-80% relative to levels in plants that were inoculated with BMV containing a fragment of the GUS gene or were mock-inoculated.
Successive X-class Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections Driven by Shearing Motion and Sunspot Rotation in Active Region NOAA 12673

We present a clear case study on the occurrence of two successive X-class flares, including a decade-class flare (X9.3) and two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) triggered by shearing motion and sunspot rotation in active region NOAA 12673 on 2017 September 6. A shearing motion between the main sunspots with opposite polarities began on September 5 and lasted even after the second X-class flare on September 6. Moreover, the main sunspot with negative polarity rotated around its umbral center, and another main sunspot with positive polarity also exhibited a slow rotation. The sunspot with negative polarity at the northwest of the active region also began to rotate counterclockwise before the onset of the first X-class flare, which is related to the formation of the second S-shaped structure. The successive formation and eruption of two S-shaped structures were closely related to the counterclockwise rotation of the three sunspots. The existence of a flux rope is found prior to the onset of two flares by using nonlinear force-free field extrapolation based on the vector magnetograms observed by Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Image. The first flux rope corresponds to the first S-shaped structures mentioned above. The second S-shaped structure was formed after the eruption of the first flux rope. These results suggest that a shearing motion and sunspot rotation play an important role in the buildup of the free energy and the formation of flux ropes in the corona that produces solar flares and CMEs.
Police officers' beliefs about, and use of, cues to deception

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Wright, C. , & Wheatcroft, J. M. (2017). Police officers’ beliefs about, and use of, cues to deception. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 14(3), 307-219. DOI: 10.1002/jip.1478 , which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/10.1002/jip.1478/full. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving
A CASE STUDY OF RADIATIVE FORCING UPON A TROPICAL CLOUD CLUSTER by

Tropospheric radiative convergence profiles from Cox and Griffith (1978) are used to assess the radiative forcing upon a tropical cloud cluster located in the vicinity of the GATE A/B-scale array during 4-6 September 1974. "Slab" and cross sectional analyses are carried out in order to present a three dimensional view of the radiative convergence field within the cluster and its surrounding regions. Next, a simple vertical motion profile is constructed to investigate the potential effects of radiative forcing upon cluster scale dynamical interactions with the large scale circulation. The model is tested on a daytime and a nighttime case within the cluster life cycle. The ensuing discussion evaluates the analysis and expands upon the possible roles of radiative forcing upon cluster scale and large-scale dynamics. Radiative forcing is strongest during the initial stages of cluster development. Throughout the cluster life cycle, the radiative forcing is consistently strongest in the middle troposphere (400-700 mb). With the intensification of the cluster system, a substantial weakening of horizontal gradients of radiative convergence occurs as a result of SW warming superimposed upon LW cooling during the daylight hours. Increased amounts of middle and high cloud remnants in regions surrounding the maturing cluster also contribute to the observed weakening of radiative forcing. The cross sectional analyses reveal that E-W gradients of radiative convergence between the cluster and its surroundings are comparable in magnitude to the N-S gradients. The maximum in cluster precipitation intensity is observed to lag the incidence of strong radiative forcing by some 6-8 hours, in general ABSTRACT (Continued)Continued) agreement with GATE composite observations. Continental-oceanic dif-· ferential heating plays a significant role in modulating the cluster and large scale dynamical interactions, accounting for-the anomalously large precipitation lag observable in the GATE cluster. The radiatively derived vertical motion model yields a qualitatively realistic total area of cluster influence for the nighttime period. The model assumption of a closed mass system breaks down during the daytime period, yielding an unreasonably large total area of influence. This suggests the occurrence of significant cluster scale interactions with large scale circulations during the daytime period. Radiative forcing appears to play a more significant role in dynamical interactions at night, when circulations appear to be somewhat more localized.
Enhancing the alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp strength by cationization with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride

Alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) is a newly emerging high yield pulp (HYP) with numerous advantages. However, the drawback of the alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp from untreated plant biomass is its poor network strength. In this work, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) modification was proposed to enhance pulp network strength by fiber surface modification that could enhance fiber bonding. Three factors were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize treatment conditions based on factorial designs. The results showed that the optimal conditions were CHPTAC dosage of 0.8% (oven-dry pulp), NaOH dosage of 0.1% (oven-dry pulp), and pulp concentration of 8%. The modified pulp fibers were characterized by elemental analysis, charge density analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravity analysis (TGA), and internal bond strength analysis, as well as zero span tensile analysis. The physical strength of the modified APMP pulp was increased in terms of tensile index, tear index, and burst index. After modification, the tensile index, tear index, and burst index increased by 35.3%, 29.2%, and 16.7% respectively. The internal bonding strength increased by 144.4%; however, the increase of zero span tensile index of modified pulp fibers was insignificant.
Estimation of the volatility distribution of organic aerosol combining thermodenuder and isothermal dilution measurements

Abstract. A method is developed following the work of Grieshop et al. (2009) for the determination of the organic aerosol (OA) volatility distribution combining thermodenuder (TD) and isothermal dilution measurements. The approach was tested in experiments that were conducted in a smog chamber using organic aerosol (OA) produced during meat charbroiling. A TD was operated at temperatures ranging from 25 to 250 °C with a 14 s centerline residence time coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). In parallel, a dilution chamber filled with clean air was used to dilute isothermally the aerosol of the larger chamber by approximately a factor of 10. The OA mass fraction remaining was measured as a function of temperature in the TD and as a function of time in the isothermal dilution chamber. These two sets of measurements were used together to estimate the volatility distribution of the OA and its effective vaporization enthalpy and accommodation coefficient. In the isothermal dilution experiments approximately 20 % of the OA evaporated within 15 min. Almost all the OA evaporated in the TD at approximately 200 °C. The resulting volatility distributions suggested that around 60–75 % of the cooking OA (COA) at concentrations around 500 µg m−3 consisted of low-volatility organic compounds (LVOCs), 20–30 % of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and around 10 % of intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs). The estimated effective vaporization enthalpy of COA was 100 ± 20 kJ mol−1 and the effective accommodation coefficient was 0.06–0.07. Addition of the dilution measurements to the TD data results in a lower uncertainty of the estimated vaporization enthalpy as well as the SVOC content of the OA.
Classification and management of shoulder and elbow trauma

Bij interobserver studies dient men bedacht te zijn op de Kappa Paradox; een fenomeen waarbij een hoge absolute overeenkomst gepaard kan gaan met een lage kappa waarde. Dit kan het resultaat zijn van een ongelijke verdeling van casus in de dataset. De AO-classificatie heeft een lage interobserver overeenkomst voor het classificeren van proximale humerusfracturen. Een 3D-CT heeft geen meerwaarde bij zowel het gebruik deze classificatie als het beoordelen van fractuurkarakteristieken. Actieve jongvolwassen mannen hebben baat bij een schouderstabiliserende operatie na een eerste anterieure schouderluxatie, aangezien dit de recidiefkans verkleint. Een open benadering leidt tot minder recidieven dan een arthroscopische benadering en tot dezelfde functionele uitkomst. Er is geen verschil in uitkomst tussen vroeg (binnen een week na trauma) of laat (4 weken na trauma) beginnen met schouderoefeningen in patienten met een conservatief behandelde fractuur van de proximale humerus. Het beoordelen van rontgenfoto’s van radiuskopfracturen op fractuurkarakteristieken (zoals het ontbreken van contact tussen fractuurfragmenten), te verwachten weke delenletsel en te verwachten instabiliteit van de elleboog heeft voldoende interobserver overeenkomst en is klinisch toepasbaar. Zowel gekruiste k-draden als de externe fixateur kunnen gebruikt worden om het ellebooggewricht te stabiliseren na trauma of reconstructieve chirurgie. Beide technieken resulteren in een vergelijkbare range of motion, alleen geeft de externe fixateur meer adverse events. Voor Mason 2 type radiuskopfracturen ontbreekt bewijs over de beste behandeling. Om dit bewijs te genereren is een protocol opgezet dat conservatieve vs. operatieve behandeling middels schroeffixatie met elkaar vergelijkt. De trial is inmiddels van start gegaan en de eerste patienten zijn geincludeerd.
Effects of the morphine-lidocaine-ketamine combination on cardiopulmonary function and isoflurane sparing in sheep Efeito da associação de morfina-lidocaína-ketamina sobre a função cardiopulmonar e concentração expirada de Isoflurano em ovelhas

The aims of this study were to evaluate the isoflurane sparing and clinical effects of a constant rate infusion of morphine – lidocaine – ketamine (MLK) in healthy sheep undergoing experimental gastrointestinal surgery. Twelve adult female sheep (Texel breed) were used, weighing 36.5 ± 8.1 kg. The sheep were anesthetized for the implantation of duodenal cannulas. The sheep were premedicated with 0.3 mg kg -1 intramuscular (IM) morphine and 20 µg kg -1 intravenous (IV) detomidine. After premedication, anesthesia was induced using 5 mg kg -1 ketamine and 0.5 mg kg -1 diazepam IV and maintained using isoflurane in 100% oxygen. After the induction of anesthesia, the animals were allocated into two groups (each n=6); the GMLK (MLK group – 10 mg morphine, 150 mg lidocaine, 30 mg de ketamine were added in 500 mL saline) received a 10 mL kg -1 h -1 MLK infusion during the maintenance of anesthesia, and GCON (control group) received 10 mL kg -1 h -1 of 0.9% sodium chloride. The animals were
An adaptive smoothing algorithm in the TSN modelling of rupture propagation with the linear slip‐weakening friction law

SUMMARY We present an adaptive smoothing algorithm for reducing spurious high-frequency oscillations of the slip-rate time histories in the finite-element (FE)–traction-at-split-node modelling of dynamic rupture propagation on planar faults with the linear slip-weakening friction law. The algorithm spatially smoothes trial traction on the fault plane. The smoothed value of the trial traction at a gridpoint and time level is calculated if the slip is larger than 0 simultaneously at the gridpoint and eight neighbouring gridpoints on the fault. The smoothed value is a weighted average of the Gaussian-filtered and unfiltered values. The weighting coefficients vary with slip. Numerical tests for different rupture propagation conditions demonstrate that the adaptive smoothing algorithm effectively reduces spurious high-frequency oscillations of the slip-rate time histories without affecting rupture time. The algorithm does not need an artificial damping term in the equation of motion. We implemented the smoothing algorithm in the FE part of the 3-D hybrid finite-difference (FD)–FE method. This makes it possible to efficiently simulate dynamic rupture propagation inside a FE subdomain surrounded by the FD subdomain covering major part of the whole computational domain.
Efficiency of islamic and conventional banks in countries with islamic banking

Our study aims at analyzing Islamic banks efficiency over the period 2001-2008. We found that they were efficient at 78.9%. The level of efficiency could however vary according to regions. Asia displays the highest score with 84.64%. Indeed, country like Malaysia and Pakistan implemented reforms in order to allow Islamic banks to better cope with the existing financial system. On the contrary countries with Islamic banking system do not necessarily display efficiency scores superior to the average. Further analyses on commercial banks, in the selected countries strengthen the conclusion for a regulatory environment suiting Islamic banking. Besides, the subprime crisis did not impact Islamic banks as evidenced by the dummy variable. Market power and profitability have negative impact on Islamic banks efficiency. Concentration leads to higher costs through slacks and inefficiency. Again other results from robustness checks appear to stress the specificity of Islamic banks, like their first aim for financing rural population.
Potential of carbon nanotube field effect transistors for analogue circuits

This Letter presents a detailed comparison of carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNFETs) and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with special focus on carbon nanotube FET's potential for implementing analogue circuits in the mm-wave and sub-terahertz range. The latest CNFET lithographic dimensions place it at-par with complementary metal oxide semiconductor in terms of current handling capability, whereas the forecasted improvement in the lithography enables the CNFETs to handle more than twice the current of MOSFETs. The comparison of RF parameters shows superior performance of CNFETs with a gm , f T and f max of 2.7, 2.6 and 4.5 times higher, respectively. MOSFET- and CNFET-based inverter, three-stage ring oscillator and LC oscillator have been designed and compared as well. The CNFET-based inverters are found to be ten times faster, the ring oscillator demonstrates three times higher oscillation frequency and CNFET-based LC oscillator also shows improved performance than its MOSFET counterpart.