Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hematology and agglutination titer after polyvalent immunization and subsequent challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Hematología y título de aglutinación después de inmunización polivalente y desafío con Aeromonas hydrophila a tilapias del Nilo (oreochrom

Este trabajo evaluó el efecto de la vacuna polivalente sobre las respuestas hematológicas y inmunológicas de tilapias del Nilo desafiadas con Aeromonas hydrophila. Dos dosis, 1 x 104 y 1 x 108 Unidades Formadoras de Colonias (UFC)/mL, de vacuna conteniendo proporciones iguales de Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Enterococcus durans inactivadas con formalina, fueron testeadas por inyección intraperitoneal (i.p.). Los peces fueron desafiados 10 días después de la vacunación i.p. con la dosis (DL50-96h) de 1 x 10 7 UFC de A. hydrophila/mL resuspendida en solución salina estéril. Por lo tanto, para analizar los parámetros hematológicos, la actividad antimicrobiana y aglutinante del suero de las muestras, fueron colectadas 48 h después del desafío. Antes de la infección experimental, el número de eritrocitos fue superior en los peces vacunados con 1 x 108 UFC/mL. Sin embargo, después del desafío, el número total de trombocitos fue mayor en los peces vacunados con la mayor dosis. Antes y después del desafío, el número total de leucocitos y el número de linfocitos presentaron mayores valores en los peces vacunados. El número de monocitos en los peces vacunados y en los inyectados con solución salina fue mayor antes del desafío. El mayor título de aglutinación frente A. hydrophila, P. aeruginosa y E. durans fue observado en los peces vacunados con 1 x 108 UFC/mL. Antes del desafío la actividad antimicrobiana del suero sanguíneo fue mayor en los peces no vacunados y en los vacunados con 1 x 108 UFC/mL, y mismo después del desafío los peces no vacunados y los inyectados con solución salina presentaron mayor actividad antimicrobiana. En este trabajo fue posible comprobar que después de 10 días la vacuna polivalente en la concentración de 1 x 108 UFC/mL estimuló la producción de eritrocitos, leucocitos, trombocitos y linfocitos circulantes reduciendo los niveles de glucosa.
An RCT into the effects of neurofeedback, methylphenidate and physical activity on EEG power spectra in children with ADHD

Objective: The clinical and neurophysiological effects of neurofeedback as treatment for children with ADHD are still unclear. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) examined EEG power spectra before and after neurofeedback (NF) compared to methylphenidate (MPH) treatment and physical activity (PA) – as semi-active control group – during resting and active (effortful) task conditions, to determine whether neurofeedback can induce sustained alterations in brain function. Methods: Using a multicenter three-way parallel group RCT design, 112 children with a DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD, aged between 7-13 years, were initially included. NF training consisted of 30 sessions of theta/beta training at Cz over a 10-week period. PA training was a semi-active control group, matched in frequency and duration. Methylphenidate was titrated using a double-blind placebo controlled procedure in 6 weeks, followed by a stable dose for 4 weeks. EEG power spectra measures during eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and task (effortful) conditions were available for 81 children at preand post-intervention (n=29 NF, n=25 MPH, n=27 PA). Results: Both NF and MPH resulted in comparable reductions in theta power from preto post-intervention during the EO condition compared to PA (ηp2=.08 and .12). For NF greater reductions in theta were related to greater reductions in ADHD symptoms. During the task condition, only MPH showed reductions in theta and alpha power compared to PA (ηp2=.10 and .12). Conclusions: This study provides evidence for specific neurophysiological effects after theta/beta NF and MPH treatment in children with ADHD. However, for NF these effects did not generalize to an active task condition, potentially explaining reduced behavioral effects of NF in the classroom. Neural mechanisms of treatment in ADHD: power spectra
An Ethnographic Evaluation of Local Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism in the PreTourism Phase: The Case of Burdeos, Philippines

There were many studies done on local residents’ perception on tourism but only few scholars have embarked on an ethnographic study exploring local residents’ perception from a pre-tourism development phase. Most of the past studies focused on resident’s perception towards tourism impact and attitude towards expansion of tourism development (Mason & Cheyne, 2000; Harill, 2004; Lepp, 2008). The present study explores and reports on local residents’ perceptions prior to the beginning of tourism in an island community in the Philippines. Focusing on how the local people understand tourism within the context of pretourism development, the paper draws up a basic framework in which tourism planning and development should be anchored.
Effect of Annealing and Surface Passivation on Doped SnO2 Thin Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Technique

In this study doped SnO2 thin films have been prepared by spray pyrolysis technique using an alcoholic precursor solution consisting of stannic chloride (SnCl4.5H2O), ammonium fluoride (NH4F) and palladium chloride (PdCl2). Optimization on the deposition parameters was done so as to obtain high quality thin films. The effect of varying the Fluorine content on the optoelectronic properties of F: SnO2 thin films was studied. Data for transmittance and reflectance in the wavelength range from 300nm – 2500nm was obtained using the solid spec 3700DUV spectrophotometer. Electrical characterization of the thin films was done using the four point probe method at room temperature. Post deposition treatment of the thin films by annealing in air then passivating in nitrogen gas environment was done in a tube furnace at 4500C. Sheet resistivity for the as prepared F: SnO2 was found to be 0.4599 Ωcm and 0.00075 Ωcm being the highest and lowest sheet resistivity at 22.74 at% F and 16.41at% F doping in SnO2 respectively. Low sheet resistivity of F: SnO2 thin films is due substitutional incorporation of F ions instead of oxygen ions into the crystal lattice of SnO2 thin films which increases free carrier concentration. The effect of annealing generally was found to improve on the electrical conductivity of the thin films which is due to increase in carrier mobility and density. Passivation on the other hand had a slight opposite effect. Effects of annealing and passivation on doped SnO2 thin films band gap energy and their transparency was insignificant, rendering the doped SnO2 thin films good choice for making a transparent thin film gas sensors.
Modeling the deglaciation of the Green Bay Lobe of the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet

We use a time‐dependent two‐dimensional ice‐flow model to explore the development of the Green Bay Lobe, an outlet glacier of the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet, leading up to the time of maximum ice extent and during subsequent deglaciation (c. 30 to 8 cal. ka BP). We focus on conditions at the ice‐bed interface in order to evaluate their possible impact on glacial landscape evolution. Air temperatures for model input have been reconstructed using the GRIP δ8O record calibrated to speleothem records from Missouri that cover the time periods of c. 65 to 30 cal. ka BP and 13.25 to 12.4 cal. ka BP. Using that input, the known ice extents during maximum glaciation and early deglaciation can be reproduced reasonably well. The model fails, however, to reproduce short‐term ice margin retreat and readvance events during later stages of deglaciation. Model results indicate that the area exposed after the retreat of the Green Bay Lobe was characterized by permafrost until at least 14 cal. ka BP. The extensive drumlin zones that formed behind the ice margins of the outermost Johnstown phase and the later Green Lake phase are associated with modeled ice margins that were stable for at least 1000 years, high basal shear stresses (c. 100 kPa) and permafrost depths of 80–200 m. During deglaciation, basal meltwater and sliding became more important.
Evidence based organizational change: people surveys, strategies and structures

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the use of people surveys to enact change in human capital organization and practices in a University library. Design/methodology/approach – The study covers seven years of people surveys and the consequent interventions applied based on this and other data and evidence at the University of York, UK. The case describes measurement of staff’s lived experience, leading to innovation and intervention in management strategies, structures and policies. The research employs a mixed methodology; the paper draws on quantitative evidence from surveys, qualitative evidence from focus groups and desk research on human capital measurement and emotion in the workplace. Findings – The paper describes the findings of investigations across seven years, discusses the available methods for people assessment, and the different theoretical foundations of the engagement, climate and excellence surveys used across the period. Strategic and structural interventio.
Chitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expression in rats with diabetes mellitus

Background The study of the experiment was to display the therapeutic function of insulin-loaded chitosan (insulin/chitosan) on mesenteric microcirculation via down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) expressions in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) as compared to free insulin. Methods Diabetic rats were administrated with 24 U/kg insulin or 120 U/kg insulin/chitosan compounds. The blood and mesenteriums were collected, blood glucose levels, arteriole velocity, arteriole diameter, venular diameter, and hemodiapedesis were measured, and COX-2, VCAM-1 expressions were measured in mesenteriums tissues. Results Both insulin and insulin/chitosan administration decreased blood glucose and improved the state of mesenteric microcirculation through down-regulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expressions as compared to DM groups, while insulin/chitosan remarkably augmented this functions. Conclusion Chitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expressions in rats with DM.
Teacher's selection and use of Internet-based resources and tools to facilitate learning in primary classrooms

W. W. M. So F. N. Y. Ching S. C. Kong M. M. H. Cheng 3 1 Department of Science and Environmental Studies, the Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, N.T. , Hong Kong 2 Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, the Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, N.T. , Hong Kong 3 Department of Education, University of Oxford, 15 Norham Gardens, Oxford, OX2 6PY, UK
Myogenic Potential of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells in the Dmdmdx Mouse Model for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Danielle Ayub-Guerrieri1, Poliana C. M. Martins-Machado1, Paula C.G. Onofre-Oliveira1, Lygia V. Pereira2, Camila F. Almeida1, Vanessa F. Lopes1 and Mariz Vainzof1 1Laboratory of Muscle Proteins and Comparative Histopathology, Human Genome Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo 2Dept of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo Brazil
Three-dimensional superresolution in metamaterial slab lenses: Experiment and theory

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study on the viability of obtaining two- and threedimensional superresolution i.e., resolution overcoming the diffraction limit for all directions in space by means of metamaterial slab lenses. Although the source field cannot be actually reproduced at the back side of the lens with superresolution in all space directions, the matching capabilities of metamaterial slabs does make possible the detection of images with three-dimensional superresolution. This imaging takes place because of the coupling between the evanescent space harmonic components of the field generated at both the source and the detector.
Tolerance of apple rootstocks to short-term waterlogging

ABSTRACT: Until few years ago there were limited options of apple rootstocks commercially available for Brazilian growers; although, new series of Geneva® rootstocks introduced recently present desirable features such as vigor control and wider lateral branch angle. On the main apple producing regions of Brazil, intermittent rainfall eventually occurs and waterlogged condition is frequent especially in high clay oxisols; in addition, little is known about the tolerance of rootstocks M.9, Marubakaido/M.9 interstock, G.202, G.213 and G.814 to waterlogging. Thus, the objective of this experiment was to evaluate the tolerance of these rootstocks to short-term waterlogging on root and aerial parameters. Potted ‘Maxi Gala’ apple plants were kept under 48 hours of waterlogging weekly throughout 19 weeks to be compared with a normal hydric condition control. The evaluated variables were: leaf, stem and root dry matter, number and length of new root emission, and number of leaves, mean leaf size and chlorophyll content. Rootstocks G.202, G.814 and Marubakaido/M.9 interstock presented more tolerance to waterlogging, and the main defense mechanism was the emission of new adventitious roots.
Knowing a Word vs. Accessing a Word: Wordnet and Word Association Norms as Interfaces to Electronic Dictionaries

Various groups of users, ranging from professional translators and writers to language learners, use dictionaries in their everyday work. The electronic form of the dictionaries facilitated and accelerated the access to their content considerably and brought new ways of the dictionary search. However, the current products are still unable to offer a fullfeatured search by meaning which would be advantageous in many cases. This paper describes our experiments on accesssupporting enhancements of electronic dictionaries that are based on wordnets and word association norms. Results of evaluation experiments for two European languages - English and Russian - are presented. The comparison with the fulltext- and corpus-based access methods shows that the proposed ways of the dictionary search often provide the best word-access strategy.
Topological nodal semimetals

We present a study of “nodal-semimetal” phases in which nondegenerate conduction and valence bands touch at points (the “Weyl semimetal”) or lines (the “line-node semimetal”) in three-dimensional momentum space. We discuss a general approach to such states by perturbation of the critical point between a normal insulator (NI) and a topological insulator (TI), breaking either time-reversal (TR) or inversion symmetry. We give an explicit model realization of both types of states in a NI-TI superlattice structure with broken TR symmetry. Both the Weyl and the line-node semimetals are characterized by topologically protected surface states, although in the line-node case, some additional symmetries must be imposed to retain this topological protection. The edge states have the form of “Fermi arcs” in the case of the Weyl semimetal: these are chiral gapless edge states, which exist in a finite region in momentum space, determined by the momentum-space separation of the bulk Weyl nodes. The chiral character of the edge states leads to a finite Hall conductivity. In contrast, the edge states of the line-node semimetal are “flat bands”: these states are approximately dispersionless in a subset of the two-dimensional edge Brillouin zone, given by the projection of the line node onto the plane of the edge. We discuss unusual transport properties of the nodal semimetals and, in particular, point out quantum critical-like scaling of the dc and optical conductivities of the Weyl semimetal and similarities to the conductivity of graphene in the line-node case.
Establishing and weighting decision criteria for building system selection in housing construction

A lack of value-based decision criteria leads to an inability to effectively compare prefabrication and off-site production with conventional construction, which inhibits the realization of benefits of off-site approaches. This paper develops value-based decision criteria and quantifies their relative importance for assessing building technologies systematically. The research employed a multimethodological strategy within a broad case-study-based design, with six large house-building organizations in the United Kingdom. These companies together accounted for more than one-tenth of new-build home completions in the United Kingdom. More than 50 criteria were developed, grouped under cost, time, quality, health and safety, sustainability, process, procurement, and regulatory and statutory acceptance. Cost was ranked most important, which, coupled with time and quality, predominated technology selection in these companies. Sustainability, process, and procurement were weighted lower, whereas health and safety and regulatory and statutory acceptance were deemed compulsory, hence offering no trade-off opportunity. A lack of incorporating innovative sustainable technology into corporate strategy was observed. The developed criteria and the systematic process should help house-building organizations manage technological innovation and hopefully achieve more informed corporate decisions.
The investigation of sediment processes in rivers by means of the Acoustic Doppler Profiler

Abstract. The measurement of sediment processes at the scale of a river cross-section is desirable for the evaluation of many issues related to river hydro-morphodynamics, such as the calibration and validation of numerical models for predicting the climate change impacts on water resources and efforts of maintenance of the navigation channel and other hydraulic works. Suspended- and bed-load have traditionally been measured by cumbersome techniques that are difficult to apply in large rivers. The acoustics for the investigation of small-scale sedimentological processes gained acceptance in the marine community because of its ability to simultaneously profile sediment concentration and size distribution, non-intrusively, and with high temporal and spatial resolution. The application of these methods in true riverine case studies presents additional difficulties, mainly related to water depths and stream currents that limit sound propagation into water and challenge the instruments deployment, especially during floods. This article introduces the motivations for using the ADCP for sediment processes investigation other than for flow discharge measurement, summarizes the developed methods and indicates future desirable improvements. In addition, an application on the Po River in Italy is presented, focusing on the calibration of the existing software by means of ADCP recordings. The calibrated model will assist in planning the dredging activities to maintain the navigation channel and the intake of a pump station for irrigation that is periodically obstructed with a sandbar.
Expression of Flavonoid and Stilbene Synthesis Genes in Grape Berries is Affected by High Temperature

Increased temperatures caused by climate change inhibit berry skin coloration during the ripening season of grape cultivation. In this study, we analyzed the expression patterns of flavonoid synthesis genes involved in color and stilbene compound synthesis genes at the transcript level in ‘Campbell Early’ grapes subjected to different temperatures. The expression of chalcone isomerase (CHI), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), and trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (CYP73A) genes increased in all temperature conditions; however, their expression was lower at 30-35°C than 25°C, and was much lower at 35°C. Indeed, the expression of most tested genes was lower at 35°C than other temperatures. Additionally, subjecting grapes to high temperatures in the initial stage of veraison significantly reduced the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins. Moreover, the expression of the resveratrol synthase (STS1) gene was gradually induced at all temperature treatments, but decreased at 48 h and the expression at 25°C was inhibited when compared to expression at 35°C. Expression of stilbe synthase1a-1(STS11), STS1a-2 (STS12), and STS1a-3 (STS13) genes had similar expression patterns at all temperatures, which decreased with increasing temperature and was suppressed at 35°C compared to 25°C. These results can be used to understand the response mechanisms of grapes to high temperature stress at the molecular level, as well as to provide information for grape breeding programs and viticulture to overcome obstacles caused by high temperatures associated with global climate change. Additional key words: differentially expressed genes, high temperature, flavonoid, stilbene, transcriptome
Biological control of Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. radicis-cucumerinum, the casual agentof root and stem rot of Cucumis sativus bynon-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates from suppressive soil in Sri Lanka to control Fusarium root and stem rot of Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) under greenhouse conditions. Three non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates were included in the study. Fusarium isolates were first checked in vitro for pathogenic and antagonistic potential. In greenhouse evaluations, the non-pathogenic F. oxysporum iso- lates were introduced to root system just before the seedlings were replanted in pathogen infested soil. The plants were evaluated for disease development after three weeks. Results of the greenhouse pot experiments revealed that, two non-pathogenic F. oxysporum iso- lates significantly reduced Fusarium root and stem rot incidence. However, combining the non-pathogenic fungal isolates did not enhance the plant protection. These data provide evidence that the non-pathogenic isolates have potential to protect cucumber plants from Fusarium-rot. The most appropriate mechanism of action behind the disease suppression in this system would be suppression of saprophytic growth of the pathogen and depriving a niche rather than direct antagonism.
Collection of collapsing bubble driven phenomena found in champagne glasses

A simple glass of champagne or sparkling wine may seem like the acme of frivolity to most of people, but in fact it may rather be considered as a fantastic playground for any fluid physicist. In this tutorial review, the collapse of gaseous CO2 bubbles found at the free surface of a glass poured with champagne is depicted, through high speed photography and high speed video cameras. A collection of collapsing bubble driven phenomena are gathered, which illustrate the fine interplay between bubbles and the fluid around.
Why marine ice sheet model predictions may diverge in estimating future sea level rise

Despite major recent efforts, marine ice sheet models aiming at predicting future mass loss from ice sheets still suffer from uncertainties with respect to grounding line migration. A recent model intercomparison provided tools to test how models treat grounding line dynamics in a three‐dimensional setting. Here we use these tools to address to what extent differences in mass loss occur according to the approximation to the Stokes equations, describing marine ice sheet flow, used. We find that models that neglect components of vertical shearing in the force budget wrongly estimate ice sheet mass loss by ±50% over century time scales when compared to models that solve the full Stokes system of equations. Models that only include horizontal stresses also misrepresent velocities and ice shelf geometry, suggesting that interactions between the grounded ice sheet and the ocean will also be modeled incorrectly. Based on these findings, we strongly advise the use of high‐order models to compute reliable projections of ice sheet contribution to sea level rise.