Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
External technology commercialisation projects: objectives, processes and a typology

Abstract Firms increasingly consider external technology commercialisation (ETC) – the commercialisation of technology assets – as an important part of their strategies. ETC goes beyond the marginal activity of commercialising residual technologies, yet prior research has not systematically analysed its monetary and strategic benefits, nor has much been published about the process of managing ETC. Accordingly this paper offers a classification of ETC objectives based on case studies of 25 technology-oriented companies. A detailed segmentation of the process of managing these projects is established by focussing on large industrial companies whose main business is internal technology exploitation (i.e. the application of technologies in their own products and/or services). Based on these classifications, four types of external technology exploitation projects are identified and the different managerial challenges are described along the process segmentation.
The relationship between the FFM personality traits, state psychopathology, and sexual compulsivity in a sample of male college students.

INTRODUCTION Several studies have advocated a relationship between psychopathological features and sexual compulsivity. Such relationship is often found among individuals seeking help for out of control sexual behavior, suggesting that the association between psychological adjustment and sexual compulsivity may have a significant clinical value. However, a more complete approach to the topic of sexual compulsivity would also include the analysis of nonclinical samples as healthy individuals may be at risk of developing some features of hypersexuality in the future. AIM The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between stable traits of personality, state psychopathology, and sexual compulsivity in a sample of male college students. Furthermore, the potential mediating role of state psychopathology in the relationship between personality traits and sexual compulsivity was tested. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed the following measures: the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory-22. METHODS The sample included 152 male college students recruited in a Portuguese university using nonrandom methods. The measures were completed individually and anonymously. RESULTS Findings on state psychopathology suggested that psychoticism may be one of the key dimensions associated with sexual compulsivity in male students. The personality traits of Neuroticism and Agreeableness were also significant predictors of sexual compulsivity. Findings on the mediating effects suggested that state psychopathology mediated the relationship between Neuroticism and sexual compulsivity but not between Agreeableness and sexual compulsivity. CONCLUSIONS A psychopathological path (encompassing Neuroticism and state psychopathology) and a behavioral path (encompassing Agreeableness features) may be involved in sexual compulsivity as reported by a nonclinical sample of male students.
Bypassing pathogen-induced inflammasome activation for the regulation of interleukin-1beta production by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans.

BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-1beta has an important role in antifungal defense mechanisms. The inflammasome is thought to be required for caspase-1 activation and processing of the inactive precursor pro-IL-1beta. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathways of IL-1beta production induced by Candida albicans in human monocytes. METHODS Human mononuclear cells were stimulated with C. albicans or mutant strains defective in mannosylation or chitin. Receptors were blocked with specific antagonists, and the IL-1beta concentration was measured. RESULTS Human primary monocytes produce bioactive IL-1beta when stimulated with C. albicans. The transcription of IL-1beta was induced through mannose receptor (MR), Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and dectin-1 but not through TLR4 and TLR9. N-mannan-linked residues, chitin, and beta-glucan from C. albicans are important for IL-1beta stimulation. Surprisingly, processing and secretion of IL-1beta in monocytes did not require pathogen-mediated inflammasome activation, because of the constitutive activation of caspase-1 and the capability of monocytes to release endogenous adenosine-5'-triphosphate. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first dissection of the molecular mechanisms of IL-1beta production by a fungal pathogen. Transcription through mannan/chitin/MR and beta-glucan/dectin-1/TLR2 induces production of IL-1beta by C. albicans in human monocytes, whereas processing of IL-1beta is mediated by constitutively active caspase-1.
Prescont: Predicting protein‐protein interfaces utilizing four residue properties

An important task of computational biology is to identify those parts of a polypeptide chain, which are involved in interactions with other proteins. For this purpose, we have developed the program PresCont, which predicts in a robust manner amino acids that constitute protein‐protein interfaces (PPIs). PresCont reaches state‐of‐the‐art classification quality on the basis of only four residue properties that can be readily deduced from the 3D structure of an individual protein and a multiple sequence alignment (MSA) composed of homologs. The core of PresCont is a support vector machine, which assesses solvent‐accessible surface area, hydrophobicity, conservation, and the local environment of each amino acid on the protein surface. For training and performance testing, we compiled three nonoverlapping datasets consisting of permanently formed or transient complexes, respectively. A comparison with SPPIDER, ProMate, and meta‐PPISP showed that PresCont compares favorably with these highly sophisticated programs, and that its prediction quality is less dependent on the type of protein complex being considered. This balance is due to a mutual compensation of classification weaknesses observed for individual properties: For PPIs of permanent complexes, solvent‐accessible surface and hydrophobicity contribute most to classification quality, for PPIs of transient complexes, the assessment of the local environment is most significant. Moreover, we show that for permanent complexes a segmentation of PPIs into core and rim residues has only a moderate influence on prediction quality. PresCont is available as a web service at http://www‐bioinf.uni‐regensburg.de/. Proteins 2012; © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
By Whom and When Is Women’s Expertise Recognized? The Interactive Effects of Gender and Education in Science and Engineering Teams

Using a round-robin data set assembled from over 60 teams of more than 500 scientists and engineers across a variety of science and engineering disciplines, as well as longitudinal research productivity data, this study examines differences in how men and women in science and engineering teams evaluate their colleagues’ expertise and how that affects team performance. Because these teams are assembled to enhance innovations, they are most productive if they fully utilize the expertise of all team members. Applying a social relations modeling approach, two studies conducted in multidisciplinary research centers in a large public U.S. university test whether a team’s gender composition predicts how well women’s expertise is used within the team, based on peer evaluations of male and female team members with varying education levels. A third study returns to the same two research centers to examine whether the larger context in which the team operates affects the use of expertise and the team’s productivity. An important finding is that the gender and educational attributes of the person being evaluated are less critical to the recognition of expertise than the attributes of the person conducting the evaluation and the relationship between these two team members. In addition, context matters: gender-integrated teams with a higher proportion of highly educated women are more productive in disciplines with a greater female faculty representation.
Executive Functioning in Children With Developmental Dyslexia

The term “executive function” has been used to describe several higher-order cognitive processes. This study examined the processing speed, shifting, planning, and verbal fluency of a sample of 50 Portuguese children with developmental dyslexia (DD) and 50 typically developing children (TDC; chronological-age-matched controls) between 8 and 12 years of age to evaluate the children’s executive functioning. Compared to TDC, children with DD revealed significant processing speed, shifting, and verbal fluency deficits. After controlling for differences in the general intellectual ability, significant group differences remained for shifting, verbal fluency and marginally for processing speed. No significant differences in planning ability were observed between the groups. No significant interaction of group, gender, and age was found for any of the executive functions measures studied. Word productivity in both semantic and phonemic verbal fluency tasks decreased significantly over the 60 seconds for both groups. Shifting was the only significant predictor of DD in the binary logistic regression analysis and yielded the highest area under the curve value (receiver operating characteristics curve analysis). Therefore, although these findings highlight the presence of specific executive functions deficits in children with DD, they should not be interpreted as indicative of the presence or absence of this learning disorder.
Robo-AO Kitt Peak: status of the system and deployment of a sub-electron readnoise IR camera to detect low-mass companions

We have started an initial three-year deployment of Robo-AO at the 2.1-m telescope at Kitt Peak, Arizona as of November 2015. We report here on the project status and two new developments with the Robo-AO KP system: the commissioning of a sub-electron readnoise SAPHIRA near-infrared camera, which will allow us to widen the scope of possible targets to low-mass stellar and substellar objects; and, performance analysis and tuning of the adaptive optics system, which will improve the sensitivity to these objects. Commissioning of the near-infrared camera and optimizing the AO performance occur in parallel with ongoing visible-light science programs.
A Holevo-type bound for a Hilbert Schmidt distance measure

We prove a new version of the Holevo bound employing the Hilbert-Schmidt norm instead of the Kullback-Leibler divergence. Suppose Alice is sending classical information to Bob by using a quantum channel while Bob is performing some projective measurements. We bound the classical mutual information in terms of the Hilbert-Schmidt norm by its quantum Hilbert-Schmidt counterpart. This constitutes a Holevo-type upper bound on the classical information transmission rate via a quantum channel. The resulting inequality is rather natural and intuitive relating classical and quantum expressions using the same measure.
The Assignment Problem with Seniority and Job Priority Constraints

Consider an assignment problem in which persons are qualified for some but usually not all of the jobs. Moreover, assume persons belong to given seniority classes and jobs have given priority levels. Seniority constraints impose that the solution be such that no unassigned person can be given a job unless an assigned person with the same or higher seniority becomes unassigned. Priority constraints specify that the solution must be such that no unassigned job can become assigned without a job with the same or higher priority becoming unassigned. It is shown that: (i) adding such constraints does not reduce and may even increase the number of assigned persons in the optimal solution; (ii) using a greedy heuristic for constrained assignment (as often done in practice) may reduce the number of assigned persons by half, and (iii) an optimal solution to the assignment problem with both types of constraints can be obtained by solving a classical assignment problem with adequately modified coefficients.
A framework for understanding semi-permeable barrier effects on migratory ungulates

Summary 1. Impermeable barriers to migration can greatly constrain the set of possible routes and ranges used by migrating animals. For ungulates, however, many forms of development are semi-permeable, and making informed management decisions about their potential impacts to the persistence of migration routes is difficult because our knowledge of how semi-permeable barriers affect migratory behaviour and function is limited. 2. Here, we propose a general framework to advance the understanding of barrier effects on ungulate migration by emphasizing the need to (i) quantify potential barriers in terms that allow behavioural thresholds to be considered, (ii) identify and measure behavioural responses to semi-permeable barriers and (iii) consider the functional attributes of the migratory landscape (e.g. stopovers) and how the benefits of migration might be reduced by behavioural changes. 3. We used global position system (GPS) data collected from two subpopulations of mule deer Odocoileus hemionus to evaluate how different levels of gas development influenced migratory behaviour, including movement rates and stopover use at the individual level, and intensity of use and width of migration route at the population level. We then characterized the functional landscape of migration routes as either stopover habitat or movement corridors and examined how the observed behavioural changes affected the functionality of the migration route in terms of stopover use. 4. We found migratory behaviour to vary with development intensity. Our results suggest that mule deer can migrate through moderate levels of development without any noticeable effects on migratory behaviour. However, in areas with more intensive development, animals often detoured from established routes, increased their rate of movement and reduced stopover use, while the overall use and width of migration routes decreased. 5. Synthesis and applications. In contrast to impermeable barriers that impede animal movement, semi-permeable barriers allow animals to maintain connectivity between their seasonal ranges. Our results identify the mechanisms (e.g. detouring, increased movement rates, reduced stopover use) by which semi-permeable barriers affect the functionality of ungulate migration routes and emphasize that the management of semi-permeable barriers may play a key role in the conservation of migratory ungulate populations.
Face Parsing via Recurrent Propagation

Face parsing is an important problem in computer vision that finds numerous applications including recognition and editing. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied to image parsing and segmentation with the state-of-the-art performance. In this paper, we propose a face parsing algorithm that combines hierarchical representations learned by a CNN, and accurate label propagations achieved by a spatially variant recurrent neural network (RNN). The RNN-based propagation approach enables efficient inference over a global space with the guidance of semantic edges generated by a local convolutional model. Since the convolutional architecture can be shallow and the spatial RNN can have few parameters, the framework is much faster and more light-weighted than the state-of-the-art CNNs for the same task. We apply the proposed model to coarse-grained and fine-grained face parsing. For fine-grained face parsing, we develop a two-stage approach by first identifying the main regions and then segmenting the detail components, which achieves better performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency. With a single GPU, the proposed algorithm parses face images accurately at 300 frames per second, which facilitates real-time applications.
The nob2 mouse, a null mutation in Cacna1f: Anatomical and functional abnormalities in the outer retina and their consequences on ganglion cell visual responses

Glutamate release from photoreceptor terminals is controlled by voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs). In humans, mutations in the Cacna1f gene, encoding the α1F subunit of VDCCs, underlie the incomplete form of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB2). These mutations impair synaptic transmission from rod and cone photoreceptors to bipolar cells. Here, we report anatomical and functional characterizations of the retina in the nob2 (no b-wave 2) mouse, a naturally occurring mutant caused by a null mutation in Cacna1f. Not surprisingly, the b-waves of both the light- and dark-adapted electroretinogram are abnormal in nob2 mice. The outer plexiform layer (OPL) is disorganized, with extension of ectopic neurites through the outer nuclear layer that originate from rod bipolar and horizontal cells, but not from hyperpolarizing bipolar cells. These ectopic neurites continue to express mGluR6, which is frequently associated with profiles that label with the presynaptic marker Ribeye, indicating potential points of ectopic synapse formation. However, the morphology of the presynaptic Ribeye-positive profiles is abnormal. While cone pedicles are present their morphology also appears compromised. Characterizations of visual responses in retinal ganglion cells in vivo, under photopic conditions, demonstrate that ON-center cells have a reduced dynamic range, although their basic center-surround organization is retained; no alteration in the responses of OFF-center cells was evident. These results indicate that nob2 mice are a valuable model in which to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with Cacna1f mutations causing CSNB2, and the subsequent effects on visual information processing. Further, the nob2 mouse represents a model system in which to define the signals that guide synapse formation and/or maintenance in the OPL.
SPECTROSCOPIC DETECTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE IN THE YOUNG SUPERNOVA REMNANT CASSIOPEIA A

We report the detection of carbon monoxide (CO) emission from the young supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A) at wavelengths corresponding to the fundamental vibrational mode at 4.65 μm. We obtained AKARI Infrared Camera spectra toward four positions which unambiguously reveal the broad characteristic CO ro-vibrational band profile. The observed positions include unshocked ejecta at the center, indicating that CO molecules form in the ejecta at an early phase. We extracted a dozen spectra across Cas A along the long 1′ slits and compared these to simple CO emission models in local thermodynamic equilibrium to obtain first-order estimates of the excitation temperatures and CO masses involved. Our observations suggest that significant amounts of carbon may have been locked up in CO since the explosion 330 years ago. Surprisingly, CO has not been efficiently destroyed by reactions with ionized He or the energetic electrons created by the decay of the radiative nuclei. Our CO detection thus implies that less carbon is available to form carbonaceous dust in supernovae than is currently thought and that molecular gas could lock up a significant amount of heavy elements in supernova ejecta.
Hemispheric dissociations in controlled lexical-semantic processing.

Cognitive mechanisms of semantic priming in individuals with intact cerebral hemispheres were studied using the visual half-field method and lexical-decision tasks. In Experiment 1, unidirectionally associated word pairs were presented in a forward direction (e.g., BEAVER-TAIL) to isolate priming attributable to automatic activation or expectancy-based processing. Forward priming was restricted to the right visual field-left hemisphere, and it occurred only when expectancy-based processing was encouraged in the instructions. Experiments 2 and 3 found backward priming (e.g., TAIL-BEAVER) only in the left visual field, indicating that the right hemisphere contributes to retrospective semantic matching of the target back to the prime. The results suggest that the 2 hemispheres have different roles in controlled processing of semantic relations.
Virus-specific immunoglobulins in multiple sclerosis.

When the specificity and titre of IgG and IgM towards six viruses was compared by immunofluorescence in sera and CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and control subjects, the MS specimens differed from controls in three properties. 1. A proportion, probably 22/56, of MS sera contained IgM that was weakly specific for measles virus-infected cells only. The antigen remains unidentified. 2. The titre of IgG specific for measles virus and that against herpes simplex virus is slightly increased in the serum of MS patients but the titre of IgG specific for mumps, rubella and varicella zoster is not significantly altered. The altered titre against vaccinia is of doubtful significance. 3. A proportion, 16/25, of CSF from MS patients contain measles virus-specific IgG and of these eight contained herpes virus-specific IgG. One contained herpes virus-specific IgG alone. Rubella virus IgG, of comparable titre in serum to measles- and herpes-specific IgG, was not found in the CSF.
Stress and Anger of Rural and Urban Adolescents

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between stress and anger of rural and urban adolescents of Chittagong district in Bangladesh. The sample of the study consisted of 120 respondents of whom 60 were male (30 rural and 30 urban) and 60 were female (30 rural and 30 urban). Their age levels were 13 - 19. They were selected purposively from different areas of Chittagong district in Bangladesh. Bengali version of Life Stress Scale (Fahim, 2001) was used to measure life stress and Bengali version of Adolescents Anger Rating Scale (AARS) (Islam & Chowdhury, 2011) was used to measure adolescents’ anger. The obtained data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson product moment correlation. Results revealed that the stress of urban adolescents was greater than rural; the anger of urban adolescents was more than the rural; the stress of female adolescents was more than the male and the anger of female adolescents was more than male. Results also showed that adolescents’ stress was positively correlated (r = . 86, p
Rhythmic vowel deletion in OT: Syncope in Latin

This paper analyses the optional process of vowel deletion in the historical phonology of Latin. It is argued that a minimal modiﬁcation of Prince and Smolensky’s (1993) account of Latin stress allows for a uniform characterization of the context of all cases of syncope (the weak position of a foot), a result that cannot be achieved in a Hayes (1995) rule-based account. The OT-analysis of the syncope process itself, however, is less straightforward, as the actual output of syncope renders the prosodic generalizations of the language opaque. It will be shown that it is impossible to account for vowel deletion in a fully parallel fashion, that is, with one and the same constraint hierarchy. The opacity of syncope is discussed in some detail and it will be argued that several alternatives to a derivational OT analysis are unable to provide an adequate account. Finally, it is shown that if stress is lexically present the opacity problem can be circumvented.