Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marketing of Estuarine Shrimps in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

This study evaluated the economics of estuarine shrimps marketing in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. It was specifically designed to ascertain the profitability of the enterprise, evaluate the structure and conduct as well as the channels involved in shrimps marketing. A total of 180 marketers were interviewed during the study Results showed the existence of three marketing channels namely: producer/marketers, wholesalers and retailers. Factors that significantly (p<0.01) affected the profits of marketers were sex, age, educational level, primary occupation of marketers, marketing experience, access to credit and distance to the nearest shrimps market. The markets were highly spatially integrated with integration indexes lying between 0.78 and 0.91 with corresponding correlation co-efficient of between 0.82 and 0.84. The market was highly competitive with minimum barriers to entry and exit. Contrary to perceived notions the local market for shrimps was found to be highly organized and profitable and could offer a lot of employment opportunities. Most of the shrimps caught were sold in the local market. The export channel was the least patronized by the respondents. Keywords: Marketing, Shrimps, Estuarine, Nigeria
SDNN/RMSSD as a surrogate for LF/HF: a revised investigation

Thousands of papers involved in heart rate variability (HRV). However, little was known about one important measure of HRV, the root mean square of successive heartbeat interval differences (RMSSDs). Another fundamental measure SDNN indicates standard deviation of normal to normal R-R intervals, where R is the peak of a QRS complex (heartbeat). Compared with SDNN, RMSSD is a short-termvariation of heart rate. Through a time-frequency transformation, the ratio of low- and high-frequency power LF/HF represents the sympatho-vagal balance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Some research claimed that SDNN/RMSSD was a good surrogate for LF/HF. However, only two special cases supported this hypothesis in the literature survey. The first happened in resting supine state and the other was a group of prefrontal cortex patients. Both of their Pearson correlation coefficients reached 0.90, a reasonable criterion. In our study, a 6-week experiment was performed with 32 healthy young Asian males. The Pearson correlation coefficients had a normal distribution with average values smaller than 0.6 for 3 and 5-minute epochs, respectively. Our findings suggest this surrogate aspect could remain as a hypothesis.
THE INVESTIGATION OF TEACHER CANDIDATES’ SKILLS OF SOLVING EXERCISES AND NON-ROUTINE PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE TOPIC OF SERIES

The study consists of the examination of success and solution conditions between operation exercises and non-routine problems. The study is conducted with 64 primary mathematics teachers being educated in a government university in the fall semester of 2012-2013 academic years. Explanatory design, one of the mixed methods, in which qualitative and quantitative methods used together, is used in the study. In expletory design known as a method in which quantitative data is supported with qualitative data, OET and NRSPT are used for quantitative data collection and semi-structured interview technique is used together with interview form for qualitative data collection. As the result of data analysis it is found that prospective teachers are more successful on operation exercises than non-routine problems. The reasons of the mistakes made while solving non-routine problems were categorized under transforming, conceptual meaning, relating and computational errors. It is suggested in the scope of the study that giving more place to non-routine problems in education programs
Residential Investment and Economic Growth

The causal relationship between growth and fixed capital formation is reexamined. Our findings are in sharp contrast with the earlier findings by Blomstrom et al. (1996) that capital formation does not contribute to economic growth. However, our findings also reject the conventional wisdom represented by De Long and Summers (1991, 1992) that capital formation in the form of business equipment determines the rate of a country’s economic growth. What we have found instead is that capital formation in the residential sector (housing) causes GDP growth, which in turn causes capital formation in the business sector (plant and equipment). c © 2001 Peking University Press
NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF FORAGE CACTUS FERTIGATED WITH DOMESTIC SEWAGE EFFLUENT

ABSTRACT The northeastern semiarid region faces some of the droughts of the last centuries, resulting in serious reductions of agriculture yields. The water scarcity for agricultural requires rational use practices and reuse of water, such as use of domestic effluent sewage. Alternatively, the use of treated domestic sewage effluent utilizing for irrigation of forage species, such as the forage cactus, can be highlighted. In order to evaluate the effects of fertirrigation with treated sewage effluent on mineral nutrient composition of forage cactus (Opuntia Tuna L. Mill, Mexican elephant ear), an experiment was carried out utilizing a split plot 3 x (4 + 1) with a randomized complete block design randomized block and four replications, being three planting density (66,667.00, 52,282.00 and 33,333.00 plants ha-1) and two water sources associated with irrigation frequency of plates fixed on 3.5 mm per irrigation (Frequencies of 2.3 days with water tap and 7, 14 and 21 days with Sewage Effluent) and cactus cultivated in Rainfed agriculturerainfed (control). The analyze of the nutritional contents of cladodes indicated that there was a significant effect of the intervals from irrigation events only for Ca and Mg concentrations. The highest levels of Ca and Mg were found with the irrigation frequency of 2.3 using tap water. The macronutrients concentration in greater quantity by the forage cactus were N e, K followed by, Ca, Mg and P. The nutritional balance indicated excess of K and P and deficiency of N, Ca and Mg, in this order.
Has the Implementation of MLE Improved the Achievements in Thailand’s Deep South?

Long-term evaluations of student performance are important to show whether Multilingual Education (MLE) students are making real progress, as well as to show what changes are needed to make MLE programs more successful. The purpose of this paper is to describe a six-year study of MLE students in Southern Thailand. In 2007, the Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia, Mahidol University (RILCA-MU) initiated the Patani Malay-Thai Bi/multilingual Research Project in four schools in Southern Thailand. In 2011, the Yala Rajabhat University (YRU) staff began biannual student evaluations of both the experimental (MLE) schools and the “normal” Thai-only comparison schools, when the first cohort of students began primary grade 1. YRU followed these students’ performances until 2016 when they completed primary grade 6. The learning achievement for students in the experimental (MLE) schools was found to be significantly higher than that of students in the comparison schools at the level of 0.01, except in grade 6. The number of students who met the basic educational criteria was greater for the MLE schools than the comparison schools. MLE was found to be very helpful for low and mid-level performing student. Finally, scores on the critical thinking skills assessment of the MLE students were greater than the comparison school students. Thus, this six-year research project has clearly shown that MLE can help to solve the problems of teaching and learning in Thailand’s three southern border provinces. This approach to long-term evaluations can be helpful to projects in other countries also.
An extension to the Navier-Stokes equations to incorporate gas molecular collisions with boundaries

We investigate a model for micro-gas-ﬂows consisting of the Navier-Stokes equations extended to include a description of molecular collisions with solid boundaries, together with ﬁrst and second order velocity slip boundary conditions. By considering molecular collisions affected by boundaries in gas ﬂows we capture some of the near-wall affects that the conventional Navier-Stokes equations with a linear stress/strain-rate relationship are unable to describe. Our model is expressed through a geometry-dependent mean-free-path yielding a new viscosity expression, which makes the stress/strain-rate constitutive relationship non-linear. Test cases consisting of Couette and Poiseuille ﬂows are solved using these extended Navier-Stokes equations, and we compare the resulting velocity proﬁles with conventional Navier-Stokes solutions and those from the BGK kinetic model. The Poiseuille mass ﬂow-rate results are compared with results from the BGK-model and experimental data, for various degrees of rarefaction. We assess the range of applicability of our model and show that it can extend the applicability of conventional ﬂuid dynamic techniques into the early continuum-transition regime. We also discuss the limitations of our model due to its various physical assumptions, and we outline ideas for further development.
A Coupled Model Study of Glacial Asian Monsoon Variability and Indian Ocean Dipole

A coupled climate model is used to study the response of interannual variability of Asian summer monsoon, and its relation with tropical climate variability over the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Two simulations are performed, one for the present and the other for the Last Glacial Maximum. It is found that at glacial times, the weakened Asian monsoon climatology results in a significant shallowing of mean tropical thermocline in the central-western Indian Ocean. This shallower thermocline intensifies the positive ocean-atmosphere feedback in the western Indian Ocean, and therefore contributes to an enhanced Indian Ocean Dipole (IOP) variability. The increased IOD variability in turn exerts a stronger affect on the variability of South Asian monsoon rainfall, and therefore may have contributed to a significant reduction of correlation between the monsoon and the Pacific El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability.
What Drives the Labour Wedge? A Comparison between CEE Countries and the Euro Area

We use a structural macroeconomic model with search and matching frictions on the labour market to analyse the differences in the business cycle fluctuations of the labour wedge between two CEE countries and the Euro Area. Our results indicate that the observed higher volatility of this wedge in the CEE region reflects mainly different characteristics of stochastic disturbances rather than country-specific features of the labour market. We also identify significant differences in the sources of labour wedge fluctuations across the considered economies. Overall, we find that the labour wedge movements and hence the welfare costs of business cycle fluctuations in Poland are connected with inefficient functioning of the labour market. To the contrary, wedge fluctuations in the Czech Republic and the EA seem to result from the financial frictions.
An Evaluation of FaHRAS Computer Programmes’ Utility in Family History Triage of Breast Cancer

Introduction: Rapid and appropriate family risk assessment and triage of patients are essential for patients presenting to a symptomatic breast unit and international criteria for review are well established. Family History Risk Assessment Software (FaHRAS) is a computerized program, involving different modalities of risk assessment, which is available but has not been widely assessed. Aims: This study evaluated the FaHRAS software scoring of family history risk. Its analysis was compared to multi-tool family history risk assessment models in a cohort of 353 patients on a historic family history waiting list. Methods: A recent published pilot study assessed and categorized family history risk in 353 patients on a historic family history waiting list, according to international guidelines including NICE criteria, Gail and IBIS risk estimates. The current study involved a reassessment of all 353 patients using the FaHRAS software program to determine its accuracy and ease of use. Patient demographics and time required to perform the analysis were documented. Results: FaHRAS identified 73 (20.7%) patients had an IBIS family history score of 17% or greater and 89 (25.2%) patients met the NICE guidelines criteria for management beyond primary care. In the previous study, this was 79 (22.4%) and 112 (31.7%) respectively. Using the largest denominator (NICE guidelines), 264/353 (74.8%) patients could be discharged to primary care using FaHRAS. Using this largest denominator, FaHRAS also identified a total of 28 (7.9%) patients requiring referral to tertiary care while the previous study identified 3 (0.8%). Conclusion: This is one of the first studies to validate FaHRAS, which is accurate and easy to use. FaHRAS system can enable clinicians to become more efficient gatekeepers to genetic services.
Aggregation Behavior of Protoporphyrin IX in Aqueous Solutions: Clear Evidence of Vesicle Formation

The aggregation behavior of protoporphyrin IX in aqueous solution, as a function of pH and ionic strength, has been studied by means of UV/vis, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, and resonant light scattering (RLS) techniques. Our experimental results agree with previous literature assignments: (i) protoporphyrin IX is a monomer in the pH range 0−3, (ii) a dimer is present for pH > 8, and (iii) higher aggregates are present in the pH range 3−7. Addition of sodium chloride up to 0.3 M to a porphyrin solution at pH 12 gives a process resembling a phase transition, whereas it has little effect on acidic or neutral solutions. The apparent split Soret band observed in the intermediate pH range has been explained using a model in which dimers of porphyrins (with a slip angle α = 38° or 52°, as derived from depolarized RLS measurements) are the basic units and they interact axially through π−π stacking and laterally by edge-to-edge hydrophobic contacts. The half neutralization of the carboxylic acid side chain.
Nanoscale studies of cuprate superconductors in the current-carrying state

We present a new class of nanoscale experiments on cuprate superconductors in the current-carrying state. These experiments are aimed at studying how the high-Tc order parameter responds, in both real and reciprocal space, when driven by a sizable phase gradient. First, scanning tunneling spectroscopy was performed on current-carrying YBa2Cu3O6+x (YBCO) thin-film strips, to reveal a remarkable suppression of the low-energy Andreev states indicating an increase in the local phase fluctuations. Second, transport measurements were made on optimally-doped YBCO nanostructures, to show anomalous current-voltage nonlinearities consistent with the formation of current-driven phase slip lines. These results are discussed in the general context of non-rigidity of the high-Tc order parameter under electrodynamic perturbation.
Expression of ESBL, MBL and AmpC B lactamases by extra intestinal Escherichia coli isolates: correlation with treatment and clinical outcome

Amac: Ekstra intestinal patojenik Escherichia coli (EIPEC) izolatlarindan salinan GSBL, AmpC β laktamazlar ve Karbapenemazlarin salinimini ve bu hastalarin tedavisi ve klinik gidisle iliskisini arastirdik.Yontemler: Calismaya 300 EIPEC ile enfekte hasta alindi. Demografik veriler, antibiyogram, tedavisi ve sonuclari toplandi. GSBL uretimi kombine disk metodu ve AmpC uretimi AmpC-disk testi ile tespit edildi. Karbapenemaz salinimina modifiye Hodge testi ile dogrulanmis disk diffuzyonla bakildi. Metallo-β-laktamaz (MBL) aktivitesi karbapenem-EDTA kombine disk metodu ve MBL E-test ile calisildi. Bulgular: Uc yuz E. coli izolatinin 212’si (% 71) GSBL pozitif idi. AmpC β laktamaz uretimi 95 (% 32) goruldu; izolatlarin 16’si (% 17) saf AmpC uretirken, 79’u (% 83) GSBL ile beraberdi. Karbapenemaz ureten yirmi dokuz (% 9,5) izolatin 15’i (% 5) MBL uretiyordu. Tedavi icin, en yaygin olarak recete edilen antibiyotikler β-laktam + β-laktamaz inhibitor kombinasyonlari (% 39) idi. Hastalarin % 67’i iyilesti; nuks/yeni enfeksiyon hastalarin % 18’inde gorulurken % 11 hasta da oldu. Kan dolasimi enfeksiyonu olan ve sik nuks eden idrar yolu enfeksiyonlarinda mortalite daha yuksekti.Sonuc: Karbepenamazlarla birlikte GSBL veya AMPC ureten EIPEC ozellikle klinisyenler icin dunya capinda buyuk bir tehdit olusturmaktadir β laktam + β laktamaz inhibitor kombinasyonu gibi uygun antibiyotiklerin erken kullanimi muhtemelen bu hastalarda komplikasyonlari azaltacaktir
Stakeholders’ Attitudes towards Sustainable Tourism Development in Coastal Communities

As North Carolina's coastal communities face challenges in maintaining the quality of the natural and cultural resources that drive their tourism economy the need for sustainable actions in tourism development is made apparent. Should tourism planners chart a new course in tourism development one that includes sustainable actions stakeholders who will affect or will be affected by the change must be consulted. Residents are critical stakeholders in the tourism development process as they must regularly contend with the impacts of tourism. There are many second homeowners in the communities examined in this study who must also contend with change that tourism creates. Therefore property owners both permanent residents and second homeowners were examined to determine if there are groups of property owners who hold different attitudes toward sustainable actions in tourism development. A sociodemographic profile for each group was created to help planners identify the group's members. By understanding the varying attitudes towards sustainable actions in tourism development and being able to identify property owners who hold those attitudes planners can ensure that all stakeholders are included in the tourism planning process.
Effect of Different Rumen Undegraded Protein Level on Feed Consumption, Nutrient Digestion, Body Weight and Body Condition Score in Early Lactating Dairy Cattle

The objective of this study was to determine effect of different rumen undegraded protein level on feed consumption, nutrient digestion, body weight and body condition score in early lactating dairy cattle. Ten Friesian Holstein cows were divided into two groups (five animals were used as control and another group as treatment object). Diets were forages and concentrates with ratio of 60:40, DM basis. The cows feed after parturition until 100 days of lactation. The control group concentrate diets containing Crude Protein (CP) 18.55%, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) 56.94% and Rumen Undegraded Protein (RUP) 5.10 CP%, while the treatment group concentrate diets containing Crude Protein (CP) 18.83%, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) 58,91% and Rumen Undegraded Protein (RUP) 6.17 CP%. Drinking water was given by ad libitum. The comparison results between the two conditions (control and treatment) were tested using independent t-test analysis. Results indicated that nutrient intake and digestion (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre and ether extract), body weight and body condition score were not significant. The conclusion is supplementation with different rumen undegraded protein level on early lactating dairy cattle could not increase feed consumption, nutrient digestion, body weight and body condition score.
Title Occlusal Features and Caries Experience of Hong Kong ChinesePreschool Children : A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To study occlusal features and their relation to caries experience in Hong Kong Chinese preschool children. Methods: Seven kindergarten classes in Hong Kong were selected using a stratified random sampling method, and the 4and 5-year-old Chinese kindergarten children were invited to join the survey. Two calibrated dentists performed the clinical examinations in the kindergartens. Occlusion features, including incisal overjet; canine and molar relationship; median diastema; and primate space as well as malocclusion features, including crossbite; anterior open bite; and scissor bite, were recorded. Caries experience was recorded with the dmft index. Results: A total of 538 children were invited to participate in the study, and finally 495 children were examined (92%). Approximately half (52%) had a normal incisor relationship. Most children had a class I canine relationship (left-79%; right-75%). Approximately two-thirds had a flush terminal plane (left-64%; right-65%). Most children (76%) had a maxillary primate space, and 47% had a mandibular primate space. The prevalence of median diastema, anterior crossbite, and unilateral posterior crossbite was 30%, 12% and 1%, respectively. No bilateral posterior crossbite or scissor bite was found. Approximately half (49%) had caries experience. The mean dmft score was 2.1. Gender and age were not associated with either the studied occlusal features or the mean dmft score (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Approximately half of the Hong Kong preschool children studied had a normal occlusion, and two-thirds of them had a flush terminal plane. About three-quarters of them had a maxillary primate space, and half of them had a mandibular primate space. Their occlusal traits were not associated with caries experience and prevalence.
Explicit validation of a surface shortwave radiation balance model over snow‐covered complex terrain

A model that computes the surface radiation balance for all sky conditions in complex terrain is presented. The spatial distribution of direct and diffuse sky radiation is determined from observations of incident global radiation, air temperature, and relative humidity at a single measurement location. Incident radiation under cloudless sky is spatially derived from a parameterization of the atmospheric transmittance. Direct and diffuse sky radiation for all sky conditions are obtained by decomposing the measured global radiation value. Spatial incident radiation values under all atmospheric conditions are computed by adjusting the spatial radiation values obtained from the parametric model with the radiation components obtained from the decomposition model at the measurement site. Topographic influences such as shading are accounted for. The radiosity approach is used to compute anisotropic terrain reflected radiation. Validations of the shortwave radiation balance model are presented in detail for a day with cloudless sky. For a day with overcast sky a first validation is presented. Validation of a section of the horizon line as well as of individual radiation components is performed with highA¢ÂÂquality measurements. A new measurement setup was designed to determine terrain reflected radiation. There is good agreement between the measurements and the modeled terrain reflected radiation values as well as with incident radiation values. A comparison of the model with a fully threeA¢ÂÂdimensional radiative transfer Monte Carlo model is presented. That validation reveals a good agreement between modeled radiation values
Assessing the Impact of Organizational Support and Prior Project Training: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

The eLearning industry has grown rapidly in recent years, and as a result in the context of higher education there is significant interest in implementing and managing eLearning through Learning Management Systems (LMS). This study uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to test faculty members’ acceptance of a new LMS using structural equation modeling (SEM). In addition, the study extends the model by incorporating two external factors: training programs on the new LMS conducted prior to implementation and organizational support for the new LMS. Each of these two factors is generally believed to have a significant impact on the acceptance of a new LMS on the part of faculty members. The results of this study validate the use of TAM in the context of higher education. Further, our findings affirm the importance of providing training in regard to the LMS before implementation and likewise the importance of providing organizational support.