Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Dual-Mode Multi-Band Second Harmonic Controlled SOI LDMOS Power Amplifier

This letter presents a dual-mode multi-band second harmonic controlled SOI LDMOS power amplifier (PA). A mode selection switch is designed to have better power handing capability than a conventional switch, which improves performance in low power mode (LPM). To improve the PA's linearity in high power mode (HPM), second harmonic is controlled with the aid of a path for LPM. The PA, implemented with a 0.13- μm SOI LDMOS process, operates in triple bands (band 5, 8, and 20) with dual power modes. It is measured using a 16 QAM long-term evolution (LTE) signal with a 10 MHz bandwidth. At 850 MHz, the results show 27.7 dBm average output power (Pout), 31.4 dB gain, and 31.4% power-added efficiency (PAE) with 4% error-vector magnitude (EVM) in HPM and 10.4 dB gain, 15.5 dBm Pout, and 22.5% PAE with 4% EVM in LPM with the LTE signal.
Chronic ethanol consumption disrupts diurnal rhythms of hepatic glycogen metabolism in mice 1 2 3

22 23 Chronic ethanol consumption has been shown to significantly decrease hepatic glycogen content; 24 however, the mechanisms responsible for this adverse metabolic effect are unknown. In this study, we 25 examined the impact chronic ethanol consumption has on time-of-day-dependent oscillations (rhythms) 26 in glycogen metabolism processes in the liver. For this, male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a control or 27 ethanol-containing liquid diet for 5 weeks and livers were collected every 4 hr for 24 hr, and analyzed for 28 changes in various genes and proteins involved in hepatic glycogen metabolism. Glycogen displayed a 29 robust diurnal rhythm in the livers of mice fed the control diet, with the peak occurring during the active 30 (dark) period of the day. The diurnal glycogen rhythm was significantly altered in livers of ethanol-fed 31 mice, with the glycogen peak shifted into the inactive (light) period and the overall content of glycogen 32 decreased compared to controls. Chronic ethanol consumption further disrupted diurnal rhythms in 33 gene expression (glycogen synthase 1 and 2, glycogenin, glucokinase, protein targeting to glycogen, and 34 pyruvate kinase), total and phosphorylated glycogen synthase protein, and enzyme activities of glycogen 35 synthase and glycogen phosphorylase, the rate-limiting enzymes of glycogen metabolism. In summary, 36 these results show for the first time that chronic ethanol consumption disrupts diurnal rhythms in 37 hepatic glycogen metabolism at the gene and protein level. Chronic ethanol-induced disruption in these 38 daily rhythms likely contributes to glycogen depletion and disruption of hepatic energy homeostasis, a 39 recognized risk factor in the etiology of alcoholic liver disease. 40 41
Physiologic effects of anesthesia induced and maintained by intravenous administration of a climazolam-ketamine combination in ponies premedicated with acepromazine and xylazine.

OBJECTIVE To examine the physiologic and pharmacokinetic effects of a technique of total intravenous anesthesia in ponies. ANIMALS 6 healthy ponies. PROCEDURE Ponies were premedicated with acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and xylazine (1.0 mg/kg, IV). Two minutes later, anesthesia was induced with ketamine (2.0 mg/kg, IV) followed by climazolam (0.2 mg/kg, IV). Anesthesia was maintained for 120 minutes by an infusion of climazolam (0.4 mg/kg/h) and ketamine (6.0 mg/kg/h). Oxygen (5 L/min) was supplemented. 20 minutes after the infusion was stopped sarmazenil (0.04 mg/kg, IV) was administered. Cardiovascular and respiratory function measurements were taken before and after premedication, and during anesthesia. Plasma cortsol, ACTH, and catecholamine concentrations were used to assess adrenal and pituitary gland function Ketamine and climazolam kinetics were calculated, on the basis of plasma drug concentrations. RESULTS There were no significant changes from pre-xylazine values in heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance, or arterial PO2, PCO2, and pH. Plasma cortisol concentration decreased during anesthesia, but plasma ACTH and catecholamine concentrations did not change. Recovery was fairly smooth, but some excitement and ataxia were noted in 2 ponies. CONCLUSION Ketamine-climazolan infusion appeared suitable for maintenance of anesthesia in ponies, although recovery was not ideal in 2 of 6 ponies.
VARIATION IN OSMOREGULATION OF ARGININE VASOPRESSIN DURING THE HUMAN MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Osmoregulation of vasopressin secretion was studied in eight healthy women in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Basal plasma osmolality in the luteal phase was significantly lower than in the follicular period (282·4±0·6, 285·6 ± 1·1 mmol/kg, respectively, P<0·05). Plasma AVP (pAVP) and plasma osmolality (pOsm) were measured during the infusion of 850 mmol/1 saline in both phases of the cycle, and linear regression analyses of these data gave the following regression equations (i) follicular, pAVP = 0·43 (pOsm‐284), r=+0·93, (ii) luteal, pAVP = 0·31 (pOsm‐279), r=+0·95. Both the slope and abscissal intercept were significantly different (P<0·01). Osmotic threshold for thirst sensation in the luteal phase was lower than the follicular (293±2, 297±1 mmol/kg, P<0·005). We conclude that, in the luteal phase, the threshold for AVP release and the gain or sensitivity of the osmostat are reduced together with lowering of the thirst threshold, which account for the lower basal luteal plasma osmolality.
A humanized monovalent CD3 antibody which can activate homologous complement

The rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) YTH12.5, specific for the CD3 antigen complex on human T cells has been modified in order to improve its efficacy in human therapy. With the aim of rendering it less immunogenic, it has been humanized using the method of framework grafting. During this process sequence analysis of the YTH12.5 VL gene indicated that it was of the λ subclass, however, it was markedly dissimilar from previously published rat and mouse Vλ gene sequences and may represent a new Vλ gene family. The humanization of this light chain represents the first successful reshaping of a λ light chain V region. To improve the effector function of the antibody we have created a monovalent form (1 Fab, 1 Fc) using a novel method involving the introduction of an N‐terminally truncated human IgG1 heavy chain gene into cells producing the humanized CD3 mAb. Comparison of the mono‐ and bivalent humanized mAb in a complement‐mediated cell lysis assay revealed that the monovalent antibody mediated lysis of human T cell blasts whereas the bivalent form did not. The availability of a humanized, complement‐fixing CD3 mAb may improve opportunities for human therapy, in the management of organ rejection, autoimmunity and the treatment of T cell lymphoma.
Brain Sexual Dimorphism and Sex Differences in Parental and Other Social Behaviors a

In most mammalian species, males and females assume very different roles in rearing young, with females typically taking the lion's share; in some species, males as well as females take part in parental care. ' For example, male gerbils, California mice, and prairie voles stay with their mates throughout gestation and engage in parental activities such as grooming, crouching over, and retrieving pups. " This variability in rearing patterns among species can be exploited to study how sex and species differences in neural structure contribute to differences in reproductive strategies. To discuss this approach, we first describe some landmark findings in the study on the physiological basis of parental behavior, made mostly in rats. For recent, more comprehensive reviews on the physiological basis of parental behavior or on sex differences in the brain. see references 7 and 8.
Sacral Nerve Stimulation for Fecal Incontinence: Results of a 120-Patient Prospective Multicenter Study

Background:Sacral nerve stimulation has been approved for use in treating urinary incontinence in the United States since 1997, and in Europe for both urinary and fecal incontinence (FI) since 1994. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation in a large population under the rigors of Food and Drug Administration-approved investigational protocol. Methods:Candidates for SNS who provided informed consent were enrolled in this Institutional Review Board-approved multicentered prospective trial. Patients showing ≥50% improvement during test stimulation received chronic implantation of the InterStim Therapy (Medtronic; Minneapolis, MN). The primary efficacy objective was to demonstrate that ≥50% of subjects would achieve therapeutic success, defined as ≥50% reduction of incontinent episodes per week at 12 months compared with baseline. Results:A total of 133 patients underwent test stimulation with a 90% success rate, and 120 (110 females) of a mean age of 60.5 years and a mean duration of FI of 6.8 years received chronic implantation. Mean follow-up was 28 (range, 2.2–69.5) months. At 12 months, 83% of subjects achieved therapeutic success (95% confidence interval: 74%–90%; P < 0.0001), and 41% achieved 100% continence. Therapeutic success was 85% at 24 months. Incontinent episodes decreased from a mean of 9.4 per week at baseline to 1.9 at 12 months and 2.9 at 2 years. There were no reported unanticipated adverse device effects associated with InterStim Therapy. Conclusion:Sacral nerve stimulation using InterStim Therapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with FI.
Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari): A Versatile Female Tonic

Asparagus racemosus, traditionally known as shatavari means "who possesses a hundred husbands or acceptable to many". In Ayurveda it is considered a female tonic. In spite of being a rejuvenating herb it is beneficial in female infertility, as it increases libido, cures inflammation of sexual organs and even moistens dry tissues of the sexual organs, enhances folliculogenesis and ovulation, prepares the womb for conception, prevents miscarriages, acts as post partum tonic by increasing lactation and normalizing the uterus and the changing hormones. Its use is also advocated in leucorrhoea and menorrhagia. Shatavari is the main Ayurvedic rejuvenative tonic for the females, as is Withania for the males.
Review of the psychotherapy of warts.

AS A BASIS for judging the value of any therapy for warts, one must first consider what is known about warts and their behavior. It is generally agreed that warts are caused by a virus. Their infectious nature is suggested by their occasional occurrence in epidemic form. 1 The appearance of warts in linear arrangement along a scratch mark and on opposing surfaces of digits (kissing warts) suggests their inoculability. A number of workers, beginning with Jadassohn 2 and including Wile and Kingery 3 in this country, have shown that warts can be transmitted by intracutaneous inoculation of wart material and that the infectious agent is filtrable. Hilleman 4 states that the wart virus is small in that it will pass Berkefeld filters of all porosities. The final proof of the virus origin of warts seems now at hand in the work of Strauss, Bunting, and Melnick. 5 They demonstrate with the electron microscope the presence of spherical virus-like particles in crystalline
Buildings Founded on Thermal Insulation Layer Subjected to Earthquake Load

— The modern energy-efficient houses are often founded on a thermal insulation (TI) layer placed under the building’s RC foundation slab. The purpose of the paper is to identify the potential problems of the buildings founded on TI layer from the seismic point of view. The two main goals of the study were to assess the seismic behavior of such buildings, and to search for the critical structural parameters affecting the response of the superstructure as well as of the extruded polystyrene (XPS) layer. As a test building a multi-storeyed RC frame structure with and without the XPS layer under the foundation slab has been investigated utilizing nonlinear dynamic (time-history) and static (pushover) analyses. The structural response has been investigated with reference to the following performance parameters: i) Building’s lateral roof displacements, ii) Edge compressive and shear strains of the XPS, iii) Horizontal accelerations of the superstructure, iv) Plastic hinge patterns of the superstructure, v) Part of the foundation in compression, and vi) Deformations of the underlying soil and vertical displacements of the foundation slab (i.e. identifying the potential uplift). The results have shown that in the case of higher and stiff structures lying on firm soil the use of XPS under the foundation slab might induce amplified structural peak responses compared to the building models without XPS under the foundation slab. The analysis has revealed that the superstructure as well as the XPS response is substantially affected by the stiffness of the foundation slab.
Ferric Dicitrate Transport System (Fec) of Shigella flexneri 2a YSH6000 Is Encoded on a Novel Pathogenicity Island Carrying Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Genes

ABSTRACT Iron uptake systems which are critical for bacterial survival and which may play important roles in bacterial virulence are often carried on mobile elements, such as plasmids and pathogenicity islands (PAIs). In the present study, we identified and characterized a ferric dicitrate uptake system (Fec) in Shigella flexneriserotype 2a that is encoded by a novel PAI termed theShigella resistance locus (SRL) PAI. Thefec genes are transcribed in S. flexneri, and complementation of a fec deletion inEscherichia coli demonstrated that they are functional. However, insertional inactivation of fecI, leading to a loss in fec gene expression, did not impair the growth of the parent strain of S. flexneri in iron-limited culture media, suggesting that S. flexneri carries additional iron uptake systems capable of compensating for the loss of Fec-mediated iron uptake. DNA sequence analysis showed that thefec genes are linked to a cluster of multiple antibiotic resistance determinants, designated the SRL, on the chromosome ofS. flexneri 2a. Both the SRL and fec loci are carried on the 66,257-bp SRL PAI, which has integrated into theserX tRNA gene and which carries at least 22 prophage-related open reading frames, including one for a P4-like integrase. This is the first example of a PAI that carries genes encoding antibiotic resistance and the first report of a ferric dicitrate uptake system in Shigella.
Distribution and correlates of carnivore phylogenetic diversity across the Americas

Digital maps and a dated supertree of global carnivore species were used to assess the distribution of American carnivores' phylogenetic diversity (PD, measured in millions of years) both from a geopolitical perspective (‘evolutionary heritage’ or EH) and on the basis of species' range size and conservation status. A new measure, range‐weighted EH, is introduced. This measure partitions the total PD of the tree between countries based on the proportion of species' ranges within each country. Sociopolitical correlates of these measures were explored. Only 3% of the total PD in the Americas is endemic to any one country. As expected, the measures of PD are positively correlated with each other and with species richness. The USA contains the most species, the most EH and the second most range‐weighted EH after Brazil. Indeed, larger and richer countries, and those with the lowest state‐corruption‐rate hold most EH. No significant differences were observed in the amount of PD remaining if species are removed at random, or following more plausible sequences based on IUCN conservation status and range size. Eighty percent of the American carnivores' PD would remain safe if only the set of not threatened species were to remain. Roughly the same is true if only the 50% most widespread species were to persist. Samples of wide‐ranging species represent more of the entire tree than do samples of narrow‐ranging species, highlighting the importance of the former for conservation strategies. We suggest that similar approaches be applied to more groups across the globe to assess which countries and areas steward the most PD, as well as which species and taxa do, in order to plan conservation actions consequently.
Y‐chromosome and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in Indian populations

Y‐chromosome polymorphism using short tandem repeat (STR) markers on 94 normal males belonging to the Brahmin and Kamma caste populations of Andhra Pradesh, India, and Siddis, a migrant population from Africa, inhabiting Hyderabad, India, revealed heterogeneity as indicated by network analysis. We have observed population‐specific haplotypes and alleles. Analysis of Y‐Alu polymorphism (YAP) in Siddis showed the presence of Alu insertion in 40% of the individuals. However, YAP insertion was not found in Brahmins and Kammas. The dendrogram based on hypervariable region I (HVR I) of the displacement loop (D‐loop) sequence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Siddis showed genetic relationships to African populations. YAP and mtDNA analysis of Siddis also confirmed their immigration from Africa.
Elispot Igra With Purified Protein Derivative Stimulation For Diagnosing Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Cervical Lympadenitis

Childhood cervical lymphadenitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria is a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. We present a new promising diagnostic method for childhood nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis. The modified T-SPOT.TB test with purified protein derivative as an additional antigen is noninvasive with estimated sensitivity and specificity of 1.00 and 0.81, respectively.
Alternative nano-structured thin-film materials used as durable thermal nanoimprint lithography templates

Nanoimprint templates made of diamond-like carbon (DLC) and amorphous silicon carbide (SiC) thin films and fluorine-doped associated materials, i.e. F–DLC and F–SiC were investigated in the context of thermal nanoimprint lithography (NIL) with respect to their release properties. Their performances in terms of durability and stability were evaluated and compared to those of conventional silicon or silica molds coated with antisticking molecules applied as a self-assembled monolayer. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition parameters were firstly tuned to optimize mechanical and structural properties of the DLC and SiC thin films. The impact of the amount of fluorine dopant on the deposited thin films properties was then analyzed. A comparative analysis of DLC, F–DLC as well as SiC and F–SiC molds was then carried out over multiple imprints, performed into poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thermo-plastic resist. The release properties of un-patterned films were evaluated by the measurement of demolding energies and surface energies, associated with a systematic analysis of the mold surface contamination. These analyses showed that the developed materials behave as intrinsically easy-demolding and contamination-free molds over series of up to 40 imprints. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such a large number of imprints has been considered within an exhaustive comparative study of materials for NIL. Finally, the developed materials went through standard e-beam lithography and plasma etching processes to obtain nanoscale-patterned templates. The replicas of those patterned molds, imprinted into PMMA, were shown to be of high fidelity and good stability after several imprints.
Cottonseed Meal as Substitute for Soyabean Meal in Broiler Ration

In a 6 week feeding trial, cottonseed meal was substituted for soyabean meal at 0,25, 50, 75 and 100% and the diets were respectively designated as diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in a completely randomized design. Biologic and economic performance were investigated. Birds were fed and watered ad-libitum. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the bird’s mean daily weight gain and feed-to-gain ratio while the mean daily feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) influenced. Birds fed diets 3 and 4 respectively consumed 150.93g and 153.68g. This was closely followed by diets 5 and 2. Numerically, birds fed diet 3 gave the highest weight gain (2666.6g) while diet 1 was the least (2443.27g). The nutrient utilization analysis showed significant differences (P<0.05). Diet 5 had the highest percent mean values for nitrogen (81.45), crude fibre (60.81), ether extract (95.57), ash (66.79) and dry matter (85.72) retentions while birds fed diet 1 was least for same parameters. Mineral utilization followed the same trend; diet 5 was the highest (69.08), (84.72), (71.91), (79.39) for phosphorous, potassium, calcium and magnesium respectively while diet 1 gave least values for same parameters. Diet 5 was found to be the cheapest (N290.01) and savings were significantly (P<0.05) improved with the use of this diet while diets 1 and 3 had the least values of N285.94 and N302.67 respectively for marginal revenue. Though, the diets were comparable, diet 5 showed superior indices for nutrient utilization and economics of production. In conclusion, there is an indication that iron treated cotton seed meal can serve as a substitute for soyabean meal in broiler diet.
Impersonal trust and professional authority: exploring the dynamics.

AIM The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between impersonal trust, governmentality and professional activity through an analysis of professional discourse. BACKGROUND This study emerged from an earlier paper that described a four-dimensional model based on Luhmann's definition of trust as "reducing complexity and managing expectations". Linking trust with the Foucauldian notion of governmentality develops this further. Governmentality raises the question of how professional authority is constituted through the practice of nurses and other health and welfare professionals. METHOD Discourse analysis was used to explore the text from two genres--academic literature and interview material (n = 17)--in the context of community residential services for people with learning disabilities. Findings. The study provided evidence to support claims that trust is produced through impersonal systems. Trust is contested in a dynamic process where there are gains and losses. Professionals in organisations actively promote trust, often through systems of distrust. The study also built on the four-dimensional model of impersonal trust--trust, mistrust, abuse and hope--and re-conceptualized the trust-hope dimension. CONCLUSION There are theoretical links between governmentality and trust. Similarly, in order to understand trust nurses need to understand the dynamic nature of the systems in which they operate. The proposition that trust could frustrate hope adds an element of controversy to the discussion of hope in the nursing literature.