Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Branding satisfaction in the airline industry : A comparative study of Malaysia Airlines and Air Asia

Brand is crucial in differentiating the superiority of products or services over others. This is an exploratory study examining the differences in brand satisfaction between Malaysian Airlines (full service airlines) and Air Asia (low cost airlines) in Malaysia. 350 usable questionnaires were obtained from respondents in the two main airlines terminals in Kuala Lumpur. Exploratory factor analysis revealed seven brand satisfaction dimensions which are tangibles, price, core service, reputation, publicity, word-of-mouth, and employee. Generally, respondents were not satisfied with all brand dimensions of both airlines. The level of brand dissatisfaction is also higher for Malaysian Airlines compared with Air Asia. Air Asia was perceived better than Malaysian Airlines in price, publicity, and word-of-mouth. On the other hand, Malaysian Airlines was perceived better in tangibles, core service, reputation, and employee. The paper highlights some of its theoretical, managerial and marketing implications to the development of airline industry.
Poliovirus infection of cyclophosphamide‐treated mice results in persistence and late paralysis

An attenuated human poliovirus infection of cyclophosphamide (CY) -treated mice resulted in a persistent CNS infection. Persistence in asymptomatic animals occurred in 46% of CY-treated mice but in only 3% of untreated animals, and was confined primarily to the brain. Virus replication in the brain peaked by day 3 for all inoculum dilutions, but was lower with diluted virus. High virus titers in the spinal cord were found only in paralyzed animals and occurred late in the infection following inoculation of diluted virus. Thus, the level of virus replication in the brain was directly related to the amount of virus inoculated, and was correlated with the rapidity of virus transit to the spinal cord and the incubation time to paralysis.
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker and Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker Combinations: An Emerging Strategy in Hypertension Therapy

Abstract Hypertension is a leading contributor to the burden of cardiovascular disease. The importance of lowering blood pressure (BP) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events has been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials. Most patients require combination antihypertensive therapy utilizing agents from complementary drug classes to achieve BP goals. A calcium channel blocker (CCB)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) combination is a rational approach for such an antihypertensive strategy. Benefits of CCB/ARB combination therapy include additive BP-lowering effects and lower incidences of adverse events (AEs). These agents demonstrate benefits associated with their respective drug classes. The ARBs confer stroke protection, renal protection, and tolerability similar to placebo, without dose-related symptomatic and metabolic AEs, while CCBs are beneficial in reducing stroke and treating angina and cardiac ischemia. The efficacy of this combination has been recently investigated in clinical trials wherein amlodipine was combined with olmesartan medoxomil or valsartan. This article discusses the rationale for using CCB/ARB combinations in patients with hypertension.
A comprehensive analysis of magnet defect faults in permanent magnet synchronous motors

Condition monitoring of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) is the process which identifies and averts any serious fault and is of critical importance for reliability and robustness of the system. In this study, broken/crack magnet fault in PMSMs and the consequence effects of such failure on stator back-emf and current wave forms are investigated. For this purpose, a three phase, 8-pole permanent magnet surface mounted (PMSM) motor is modeled using 2-D Finite Element (FE) analysis. Three types of cracks with the same area and different directions are created on one rotor magnet to investigate the effect of the direction of the cracks on the fault signatures. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used to analyze the stator current and back-emf signatures. Both faulty and healthy motors are simulated at different speed and load to scrutinize the effect of these two parameters on the fault signatures. To verify the analysis results, an experimental setup is used to support the results.
Benthic monitoring of salmon farms in Norway using foraminiferal metabarcoding

The rapid growth of the salmon industry necessitates the development of fast and accurate tools to assess its environmental impact. Macrobenthic monitoring is commonly used to measure the impact of organic enrichment associated with salmon farm activities. However, clas- sical benthic monitoring can hardly answer the rapidly growing demand because the morpholog- ical identification of macro-invertebrates is time-consuming, expensive and requires taxonomic expertise. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding of meiofauna-sized organisms, such as Foraminifera, was proposed to overcome the drawbacks of macrofauna-based benthic monitoring. Here, we tested the application of foraminiferal metabarcoding to benthic monitoring of salmon farms in Norway. We analysed 140 samples of eDNA and environmental RNA (eRNA) extracted from surface sediment samples collected at 4 salmon farming sites in Norway. We sequenced the variable region 37f of the 18S rRNA gene specific to Foraminifera. We compared our data to the results of macrofaunal surveys of the same sites and tested the congruence between various diver- sity indices inferred from metabarcoding and morphological data. The results of our study confirm the usefulness of Foraminifera as bioindicators of organic enrichment associated with salmon farming. The foraminiferal diversity increased with the distance to fish cages, and metabarcoding provides an assessment of the ecological quality comparable to the morphological analyses. The foraminiferal metabarcoding approach appears to be a promising alternative to classical benthic monitoring, providing a solution to the morpho-taxonomic bottleneck of macrofaunal surveys.
Maintenance of CCL5 mRNA stores by post‐effector and memory CD8 T cells is dependent on transcription and is coupled to increased mRNA stability

Immunological memory is associated with the display of improved effector functions by cells of the adaptive immune system. The storage of untranslated mRNA coding for the CCL5 chemokine by CD8 memory cells is a new process supporting the immediate display of an effector function. Here, we show that, after induction during the primary response, high CCL5 mRNA levels are specifically preserved in CD8 T cells. We have investigated the mechanisms involved in the long‐term maintenance of CCL5 mRNA levels by memory CD8 T cells. We demonstrate that the CCL5 mRNA half‐life is increased in memory CD8 T cells and that these cells constitutively transcribe ccl5 gene. By inhibiting ccl5 transcription using IL‐4, we demonstrate the essential role of transcription in the maintenance of CCL5 mRNA stores. Finally, we show that these stores are spontaneously reconstituted when the inhibitory signal is removed, indicating that the transcription of ccl5 is a default feature of memory CD8 T cells imprinted in their genetic program.
Efficiency Measurement of Green Regional Development and Its Influencing Factors: An Improved Data Envelopment Analysis Framework

Reasonably assessing the efficiency of green regional development is a key to improving environmental management and implementing sustainable development strategies. From the perspectives of environmental pollutant emissions, energy consumption, and production factor cost, the non-radial data envelopment analysis model based on the Malmquist index was applied to measure the green development efficiency and regional differences of 11 cities in Zhejiang from 2007 to 2016 from both static and dynamic aspects. This paper further analyzes the inherent influencing factors through the panel data model. The result shows: (1) The average static efficiency of green development in Zhejiang Province is 0.844. There is still 15.6% of improvement space from the frontier of production. Pollution emission management has the greatest improvement potential. Pure technical efficiency is the main factor restricting the static efficiency. (2) The dynamic efficiency of Zhejiang’s green development achieves an average annual rate of 0.26%, with a cumulative growth of 2.33%. The improvement of green development efficiency mainly depends on scale efficiency change. (3) The inherent factors affecting the efficiency of green development in the 11 cities mainly include three factors: the industrial structure, environmental regulation, and the urbanization level. The industrial structure has a positive effect, while environmental regulation and the urbanization level have negative effects. (4) The 11 cities are relatively evenly distributed in the four “static–dynamic efficiency” classification quadrants, and there is no "Matthew effect" of high–high, low–low polarization.
Acompañamiento pedagógico y el rol docente en jornada escolar completa: Caso instituciones educativas Santa Rosa y Salesianos de San Juan Bosco - Puno Perú

RESUMEN Este estudio abordo la estrategia de acompanamiento pedagogico y el rol docente en instituciones educativas secundarias, el caso de colegios Santa Rosa y Salesianos de San Juan Bosco - Puno Peru, como programas pilotos implementados con Jornada Escolar Completa de la ciudad de Puno durante el ano academico 2015. La investigacion fue no experimental de caracter transeccional, de corte descriptivo y correlacional; se recopilo informacion mediante una encuesta cerrada de sondeo de opinion a 92 docentes protagonistas al azar pertenecientes a las Instituciones Educativas Secundarias referidas. Los resultados indican que el nivel de acompanamiento pedagogico en el proceso de planificacion, desarrollo y evaluacion el nivel de desempeno docente en el dominio I y el dominio II se encuentran entre la categoria bueno (10%) muy bueno (85%) y excelente (5%) con un coeficiente r de Pearson = 0,763. Se concluye que el que existe una correlacion positiva alta y directa entre el acompanamiento pedagogico y el rol de los profesores como el factor preponderante del exito educativo en las instituciones educativas secundarias con Jornada Escolar Completa en la ciudad de Puno. Palabras Claves : pedagogia, aprendizaje, ensenanza, jornada escolar completa. ABSTRACT This study focused on the strategy of pedagogical support and the new role of the teacher in the pilot secondary educational institutions with full school day, Santa Rosa and Salesians of San Juan Bosco of the city of Puno Peru, during the academic year 2015. The research was non-experimental, transectional, descriptive and correlational. Data were collected using a closed survey of opinion poll of 92 protagonist teachers chosen at random. The results indicate that the level of teaching performance in the process of planning, development and evaluation, in domain I and domain II are between the good category (10%) very good (85%) and excellent (5%) with a Pearson's r coefficient = 0.763 **, so it is concluded that there is a high and direct positive correlation between the pedagogical support for the teacher and the new role of teachers as the main factor of educational success in secondary educational institutions with a full school day in the city of Puno. Keywords: pedagogy, learning, teaching, full school day
HIV prevalence, sexual behaviours and engagement in HIV medical care among an online sample of sexually active MSM in Venezuela

In Venezuela, members of a social and sexual partner networking site for men who have sex with men (MSM) completed an online survey regarding sexual behaviours and HIV medical care. Among the 2851 respondents, self-reported HIV prevalence was 6.6%. Of participants living with HIV, 73.2% reported taking antiretroviral medication and 56.6% reported complete adherence within the past month. Participants living with HIV were more likely to be older (aOR = 1.04 per one-year increase in age, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06) and diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection in the previous year (aOR 3.26, 95% CI: 2.11, 5.04). These data provide further understanding of the HIV epidemic among MSM in Venezuela, and potential targets for HIV prevention interventions.
Analysis of RNA synthesis of type 1 poliovirus by using an in vitro molecular genetic approach

Membranous crude replication complexes (CRC) were isolated from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells as recently described (N. Takeda, R.J. Kuhn, C.-F. Yang, T. Takegami, and E. Wimmer, J. Virol. 60:43-53, 1986). Viruses used to produce the CRC were poliovirus type 1 (Mahoney), [PV-1(M)], poliovirus type 1 (Sabin) [PV-1(S)], and four in vitro recombinants that were constructed from infectious cDNA clones. RNA synthesis in CRC was studied. No end-linked, full-length double-stranded poliovirus RNA was detected in CRC regardless of whether nonionic detergent (Nonidet P-40) was added prior to incubation. Synthesis of VPg-pU and VPg-pUpU, two nucleotidyl proteins presumed to be involved in the initiation of RNA synthesis, was slower at 30 degrees C in CRC induced by PV-1(S) than by PV-1(M). This observation was used to design a pulse-chase experiment whose result suggested that synthesis of VPg-pUpU occurred by uridylylation of VPg-pU. Synthesis of VPg-pU(pU) was thermosensitive in CRC induced by PV-1(S). With CRC of recombinant viruses, the thermosensitive block covaried to nucleotide substitutions in PV-1(S) that mapped to the virus-induced RNA polymerase 3Dpol. We conclude that plus-stranded RNA synthesis in CRC does not proceed via hairpin structures. The results of VPg-pU----VPg-pUpU synthesis are consistent with a model in which VPg-pU is the primer of RNA synthesis mediated by 3Dpol. The data suggest that uridylylation of VPg or a precursor thereof may be catalyzed by 3Dpol itself, a mechanism resembling events occurring in adenovirus DNA replication.
Radiotherapy wait times for patients with a diagnosis of invasive cancer, 1992-2000.

PURPOSE To study the wait times for cancer patients from the time of diagnosis to consultation with a radiation oncologist (T1), from consultation to radiotherapy (T2) and from diagnosis to radiotherapy (T3) in the context of treatment practices and measurement issues. METHODS From 1992 to 2000, we studied 6585 Nova Scotian patients over the age of 24 years with a diagnosis of breast, lung, colorectal or prostate cancer who received radiotherapy within 1 year of diagnosis. Multivariate analyses examined associations between wait time and diagnosis year, age, sex, median household income (MHI), distance to the cancer centre and extent of disease. Univariate findings reported are median times and interquartile ranges. RESULTS The T3 was 16 weeks for breast and colorectal cancer, 6 weeks for lung cancer and 18 weeks for prostate cancer. The greatest T1 decrease over time was for prostate cancer: 13-8 weeks (hazards ratio [HR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-1.10). The T2 increased for all cancers, and the T3 increased from 5 to 7 weeks for lung cancer, from 17 to 22 weeks for prostate cancer and from 10 to 18 weeks for breast cancer, with no change for colorectal cancer. The T3 decreased by age for breast cancer (HR = 1.12, CI = 1.10-1.14) and prostate cancer (HR = 1.07, CI = 1.02-1.11), showed no consistent association with distance to a cancer centre and varied by extent of disease. Patients with localized lung disease had a longer T3 than those with distant disease, but the opposite results were noted for patients with breast cancer. The T3 was greater for regional than distant disease in lung and breast cancers. Sex and MHI had no effect. CONCLUSION Wait times reflected clinical practice, and there were no adverse patterns related to age, sex, income or distance from a cancer centre.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1) integrates developmental signals for eyelid closure

Developmental eyelid closure is an evolutionarily conserved morphogenetic event requiring proliferation, differentiation, cytoskeleton reorganization, and migration of epithelial cells at the tip of the developing eyelid. Many signaling events take place during eyelid closure, but how the signals converge to regulate the morphogenetic process remains an open and intriguing question. Here we show that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1) highly expressed in the developing eyelid epithelium, forms with c-Jun, a regulatory axis that orchestrates morphogenesis by integrating two different networks of eyelid closure signals. A TGF-α/EGFR-RhoA module initiates one of these networks by inducing c-Jun expression which, in a phosphorylation-independent manner, binds to the Map3k1 promoter and causes an increase in MAP3K1 expression. RhoA knockout in the ocular surface epithelium disturbs this network by decreasing MAP3K1 expression, and causes delayed eyelid closure in Map3k1 hemizygotes. The second network is initiated by the enzymatic activity of MAP3K1, which phosphorylates and activates a JNK-c-Jun module, leading to AP-1 transactivation and induction of its downstream genes, such as Pai-1. MAP3K1 inactivation reduces AP-1 activity and PAI-1 expression both in cells and developing eyelids. MAP3K1 is therefore the nexus of an intracrine regulatory loop connecting the TGF-α/EGFR/RhoA-c-Jun and JNK-c-Jun-AP-1 pathways in developmental eyelid closure.
The Effects of Additional Pathology on the Cognitive Deficit in Alzheimer Disease

The diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) according to current criteria is a combined clinical and pathological exercise. The clinical discrimination of AD from other types of dementia may be complicated when the patient suffers from more than one disease. In particular the concomitant presence of other neurological conditions may significantly influence the severity of cognitive deficit. In this study we analyze the extent of the influence of vascular and other neurodegenerative pathology on the cognitive deficit in a consecutive series of 88 prospectively assessed elderly subjects. We find that, for any given level of cognitive deficit, the densities of either all plaques or neuritic plaques alone in the neocortex are significantly lower in cases of AD mixed with other CNS pathology than in cases of AD with no other CNS pathology. In AD combined with cerebrovascular disease, the total plaque density makes a significant contribution to cognitive deficit, while neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) densities do not. In contrast, in pure AD tangle density is the major determinant of cognitive deficit. Our findings draw attention to the influence of coexisting brain pathologies on the clinical manifestation of dementia in subjects with AD. These findings indicate that pathological diagnostic criteria for AD should take into account such additional pathology in demented subjects. They also improve understanding of the circumstances in which the amyloid component of AD can play a decisive role in precipitating clinical dementia.
Comment on “Clinical application of massively parallel sequencing‐based prenatal non‐invasive fetal trisomy test for trisomies 21 and 18 in 11 105 pregnancies with mixed risk factors”

We have read with great interest the report by Dan et al. on non-invasive prenatal testing of fetal trisomies via next generation sequencing techniques. This study along with many others, emphasizes the utility and power of incorporating non-invasive prenatal testing into standard maternal/fetal health care practices. This implementation has been particularly important for individuals with higher risk factors for fetal trisomies. Dan et al. classified 190 cases as trisomy out of a mixed risk cohort of 11 105 samples resulting in a high performance assay with 100% sensitivity and 99.96% specificity for detection of fetal trisomies 21 and 18, respectively. The procedure implemented by Dan et al. involves a two-stage test statistic and is further detailed in the NIFTY algorithm by Jiang et al. To summarize, a t-statistic is first used to test the over-representation of chromosome dosage after adjustment for guanine-cytosine bias effects. Then a likelihood ratio test with a t-statistic is used that incorporates fetal fraction information, which affords the ability to provide separate estimates for chromosomes X and Y. As we interpret their algorithm, fetal fraction based on chromosome Y, εi,Y, is the difference between the relative k-mer coverage of chromosome Y, and the fitted loess-based prediction for the fetal-female data set, normalized by the difference between relative k-mer coverage of chromosome Y of adult male samples and the fitted LOESS-based prediction for fetal-female data set. Using the exact formulation as outlined in both Dan et al. and Jiang et al., we computed the binary hypothesis test statistics for a previously described data set with known male fetuses (Jensen et al.). The classification accuracy based on the non-invasive fetal trisomy (NIFTY) algorithm, limited to male fetuses, is nearly identical to that reported by Jensen et al. (Figure 1A) for chromosome 21 with specificity and sensitivity of 99.06% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore,
Evidence for sensitized fatigue pathways in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

Abstract Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) frequently demonstrate intolerance to physical exertion that is often reported as increased and long-lasting fatigue. Because no specific metabolic alterations have been identified in CFS patients, we hypothesized that sensitized fatigue pathways become activated during exercise corresponding with increased fatigue. After exhausting handgrip exercise, muscle metabolites were trapped in the forearm tissues of 39 CFS patients and 29 normal control (NC) by sudden occlusion for up to 5 minutes. A nonocclusive condition of similar duration was used as control. Repeated fatigue and pain ratings were obtained before and after exercise. Mechanical and heat hyperalgesia were assessed by quantitative sensory testing. All subjects fulfilled the 1994 Fukuda Criteria for CFS. Normal control and CFS subjects exercised for 6.6 (2.4) and 7.0 (2.7) minutes (P > 0.05). Forearm occlusion lasted for 4.7 (1.3) and 4.9 (1.8) minutes in NC and CFS subjects, respectively (P > 0.05). Although fatigue ratings of CFS subjects increased from 4.8 (2.0) to 5.6 (2.1) visual analogue scale (VAS) units during forearm occlusion, they decreased from 5.0 (1.8) to 4.8 (2.0) VAS units during the control condition without occlusion (P = 0.04). A similar time course of fatigue ratings was observed in NC (P > 0.05), although their ratings were significantly lower than those of CFS subjects (P < 0.001). Quantitative sensory testing demonstrated heat and mechanical hyperalgesia in CFS subjects. Our findings provide indirect evidence for significant contributions of peripheral tissues to the increased exercise-related fatigue in CFS patients consistent with sensitization of fatigue pathways. Future interventions that reduce sensitization of fatigue pathways in CFS patients may be of therapeutic benefit.