Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Testing The Three Factor Model Of Fama And French: Evidence From An Emerging Market

This study tested the three factor model of Fama and French (1993) using the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) data using excess returns of six portfolios sorted by size and Book-to-Market Equity for the three factor model and size and trade concentration ratio for the augmented model. The study used daily stock prices for the period July 2004 to June 2014. Our results show that the predictions of the three factor model hold on NSE especially when the model is adjusted for thin trading. However, the premium is not statistically significant. Further, firms with high trade concentration posted higher returns than firms with low trade concentration during the study period.
Key to genera of the subfamily Thripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) associated with Japanese plant quarantine.

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Can we prepare effective writing teachers for academically diverse classrooms ?

This study examines whether preservice teachers, who provide writing instruction in native language education, are ready to teach students with different learning needs effectively. This study used a survey research design and qualitative data collection tools. An interview form and writing samples from students in the same class with different writing learning needs were used for data collection. The data of the study, which was conducted with the contribution of one hundred eighty-six preservice teachers, were analyzed using descriptive analysis, a method of qualitative data analysis. The study found that the preservice teachers were unable to determine the deficiencies in the content of the writing samples and had more difficulty in cases of multiple learning needs. The preservice teachers were found to know common practices that can be used to address the needs of students in academically diverse classrooms; however, they had limited knowledge about long-term effective teaching methods and current writing models. Moreover, half of them were found to have inadequate knowledge about motivational practices. A considerable portion of the preservice teachers reported that their teacher training program did not contribute to their own development as much as they expected, and they felt the deficiency of practical courses in particular.
Differential Distribution of Type IV Collagen α1 to α6 Chains Suggests Distinct Molecular Interaction between the Epithelial and Mesenchymal Components of Benign Odontogenic Tumors

Type IV collagen is the principal constituent component of the basement membrane(BM). It have been reported that the alpha chains of type IV collagen [α(IV)] showed temporal and spatial localization pattern in different stages of the developing tooth germ except α3(IV) chain. In this study, we investigated the localization of α(IV) chains in benign odontogenic tumor in comparison with their localization in the cap stage human tooth germ by immunohistochemistry. All the tumor samples studied as well as the tooth germ were negative to α3(IV). In ameloblastoma that resembles the enamel organ of the tooth germ, all types of tumor (follicular, plexiform and desmoplastic) were not reactive to α4(IV) chains similar to the α(IV) chains composition in the BM of outer enamel epithelium and dental lamina. All α(IV) chains except α3(IV) were localized in the tumors in which the odontogenic epithelium is accompanied by odontogenic ectomesenchyme like adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (pseudoglandular spaces), odontoma and ameloblastic fibroma and this is similar to the α(IV) chains composition in the BM of inner enamel epithelium of the tooth germ. From the results, the presence of α4(IV) chains is thought to be important for the differentiation and induction of the dental papilla like tissue formation in odontogenic tumors.
Plasmid DNA delivery into hepatocytes using a multifunctional nanocarrier based on sugar- conjugated polyethylenimine

Ali Dehshahri 1,2† , Reza Kazemi Oskuee 3†, Mohammad Ramezani 4 * Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 3 Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 4 Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
Relationships among unlearning, knowledge application, and new product development performance: Exploring the moderating effect of the information processing mechanism

This research aims to explore the correlations among the factors of unlearning, knowledge application and new product development performance, including a further verification on the moderating effects of information processing mechanism to “unlearning” and “knowledge application”. The verification process involves multiple factors of the information processing mechanism, such as formalization of rewards for knowledge creation, long-term orientation, R&D budget, and availability of information technology. The design of this research targets manufacture-based companies in Taiwan. A total of 112 valid questionnaires were returned and the research hypotheses were tested by the Structure Equation Model (SEM) and regression analysis. The main findings in this research include the following: (1) Unlearning has significant positive effects on knowledge application and knowledge application also has significant positive effect on new product development performance; (2) Knowledge application is an intervening variable to unlearning and new product development performance; (3) In the test for the moderating effect of variables related to the information processing mechanism, the formalization of rewards for knowledge creation, long-term orientation, and R&D budget show positive moderating effect, but information technology availability did not show a significant moderating effect.
A Survey of Compiler Testing

Virtually any software running on a computer has been processed by a compiler or a compiler-like tool. Because compilers are such a crucial piece of infrastructure for building software, their correctness is of paramount importance. To validate and increase the correctness of compilers, significant research efforts have been devoted to testing compilers. This survey article provides a comprehensive summary of the current state-of-the-art of research on compiler testing. The survey covers different aspects of the compiler testing problem, including how to construct test programs, what test oracles to use for determining whether a compiler behaves correctly, how to execute compiler tests efficiently, and how to help compiler developers take action on bugs discovered by compiler testing. Moreover, we survey work that empirically studies the strengths and weaknesses of current compiler testing research and practice. Based on the discussion of existing work, we outline several open challenges that remain to be addressed in future work.
A first version of design guidelines for virtual environments to support physical rehabilitation

This paper presents a description of the first version of a set of guidelines that help in designing therapy-support virtual environments (VE) for patients on physical rehabilitation. The proposed guidelines were mainly identified by understanding the needs of the people involved in the physical therapy process through User-Centered Design (UCD) and based on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Initial user research was performed at facilities of the "Center for the Integral development of Families (DIF, in Spanish), a Mexican federal social assistance institution, and complemented by a literature review. Preliminary evaluation by panel of experts suggested good conceptual roots for this proposal but also several enhancements. The summary of these guidelines and the methodology to find them are presented below, ending with following actions for this work.
Remittances and the Transnational Family in South-East Asia

There is a substantial body of literature on the impact of remittances on household, community and national development in the global south. Prior research provides inconsistent support for the effects of migrant remittances on those left behind, and in particular, there has been very little systematic investigation of the incidence and use of parental remittances within left-behind families with dependent children. The current study uses recent data from the CHAMPSEA survey collected in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam in 2008 to investigate remittances in the transnational family. Taking into account possible selection effect bias, multivariate binary probit models predicting the likelihood of remittance receipt and variation in self-reported use of remittances among mother- and father-migrant transnational households for basic survival, short-term and long-term investment are examined. After accounting for individual and household characteristics including variables such as duration of migration, parent occupation and education, household composition and wealth, findings indicate that there are some significant differences: mother migrant households are less likely to report recent remittance receipt, and more likely to report use of remittances for short-term investments such as education and durable good purchase. There are also significant differences in specific use of remittances according to household wealth and duration of migration, providing some evidence of a relationship between inequality and migration.
Small Big Data: Using multiple data-sets to explore unfolding social and economic change

Bold approaches to data collection and large-scale quantitative advances have long been a preoccupation for social science researchers. In this commentary we further debate over the use of large-scale survey data and official statistics with ‘Big Data’ methodologists, and emphasise the ability of these resources to incorporate the essential social and cultural heredity that is intrinsic to the human sciences. In doing so, we introduce a series of new data-sets that integrate approximately 30 years of survey data on victimisation, fear of crime and disorder and social attitudes with indicators of socio-economic conditions and policy outcomes in Britain. The data-sets that we outline below do not conform to typical conceptions of ‘Big Data’. But, we would contend, they are ‘big’ in terms of the volume, variety and complexity of data which has been collated (and to which additional data can be linked) and ‘big’ also in that they allow us to explore key questions pertaining to how social and economic policy change at the national level alters the attitudes and experiences of citizens. Importantly, they are also ‘small’ in the sense that the task of rendering the data usable, linking it and decoding it, required both manual processing and tacit knowledge of the context of the data and intentions of its creators.
Late paleocene to middle Miocene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of the Ceara Rise

During Ocean Drilling Program Leg 154, five sites (Sites 925, 926, 927, 928, and 929) were drilled as a depth transect on the Ceara Rise in the western Atlantic Ocean. Each site consists mainly of pelagic carbonate sediments. Planktonic foraminifers are abundant throughout the sequences except in intervals of intense dissolution at the bathymetrically deeper sites. Faunas are typical of the low latitudes, and they are diverse and reasonably well preserved for much of the record. Recrystallization is mostly moderate, but it is severe at the greater burial depths. A biostratigraphic framework is presented for the lower part of the stratigraphic interval, from Subzone P4c in the upper Paleocene to Zone N12 immediately below the most intensely dissolved level in the middle Miocene. This study replaces the previously published shipboard planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy. It contains many additional datums and some revisions. Complete range charts of all the species recognized are also presented for the entire stratigraphic interval on the Ceara Rise. Sedimentation on the plateau was almost continuous from the Paleocene to the Holocene. Although several small hiatuses are identified at individual sites, none extends across the whole plateau, so a remarkably complete geological history can be constructed. Much of this record is characterized by sedimentary cyclicity on Milankovitch time scales. This suggests that the Ceara Rise will be a key area for future advances in orbital-based chronology in which planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy will be an important component.
MOAD: Modeling Observation-Based Approximate Dependency

While dependency analysis is foundational to many applications of program analysis, the static nature of many existing techniques presents challenges such as limited scalability and inability to cope with multi-lingual systems. We present a novel dependency analysis technique that aims to approximate program dependency from a relatively small number of perturbed executions. Our technique, called MOAD (Modeling Observation-based Approximate Dependency), reformulates program dependency as the likelihood that one program element is dependent on another, instead of a more classical Boolean relationship. MOAD generates a set of program variants by deleting parts of the source code, and executes them while observing the impacts of the deletions on various program points. From these observations, MOAD infers a model of program dependency that captures the dependency relationship between the modification and observation points. While MOAD is a purely dynamic dependency analysis technique similar to Observation Based Slicing (ORBS), it does not require iterative deletions. Rather, MOAD makes a much smaller number of multiple, independent observations in parallel and infers dependency relationships for multiple program elements simultaneously, significantly reducing the cost of dynamic dependency analysis. We evaluate MOAD by instantiating program slices from the obtained probabilistic dependency model. Compared to ORBS, MOAD's model construction requires only 18.7% of the observations used by ORBS, while its slices are only 16% larger than the corresponding ORBS slice, on average.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen or Oxygen Evolution from Water over S- or N-Doped TiO2 under Visible Light

S- or N-doping of powder having an anatase or rutile phase extended the photocatalytic activity for water oxidation and reduction under UV light and visible light irradiation. For the reduction of water, anatase-doped showed higher level of activity than that of doped having a rutile phase using ethanol as an electron donor. Furthermore, the activity level of S-doped for hydrogen evolution was higher than that of N-doped photocatalysts under visible light. Photocatalytic oxidation of water on doped having a rutile phase proceeded with fairly high efficiency when ions were used as electron acceptors compared to that on doped having an anatase phase. In addition, water splitting under visible light irradiation was achieved by construction of a Z-scheme photocatalysis system employing the doped having anatase and rutile phases for and evolution and the redox couple as an electron relay.
Effect of Powder and Essential Oil of Lemon grass on Aflatoxins Production in Dried Water Melon Seed

Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt eman_hegazy@hotmail.com Abstract: Antifungal activity of powder and essential oil from dried ground leaves of Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) to control aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus NRRL 5096 on dried water melon seed by sun, oven, smoke and solar drying were studied. The powdered dry leaves and essential oil from lemon grass were mixed with seeds at levels ranging from 5-75 g and 0.1 to 2.0 % respectively. Obtained results revealed that the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) on fungi was mixture of 75g powder and 0.1% oil. Also the moisture content ranged between 8.94-6.26% for dried water melon seed in addition, A. niger was the most frequent genus isolated from water melon seed before and after drying. Toxigenic of A.flavus were isolated from water melon seed dried by sun drying produced aflatoxin B1 and B2 at concentration 3.50 and 2.67 μg/L in liquid broth media respectively. Oven drying was the best method for drying water melon seed. [Eman M. Hegazy. Effect of Powder and Essential Oil of Lemon grass on Aflatoxins Production in Dried Water Melon Seed] Life Science Journal. 2011; 8(3):516-522] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com.
DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF TRICHOPTERA ALONG IBERIAN

Community ecology, and also biogeography, is interested in detecting patterns in communities and determining the factors implied (Townsend, 1989). Several forces have been identified as the responsible of these distribution patterns. Ecologists traditionally have focused in external (i.e., abiotic environment) and intrinsic (i.e., biotic interactions) processes (e.g., Power et al., 1988), whereas biogeographers include historical factors (e.g., see Myers & Giller, 1988; Cornell & Lawton, 1992; Lobo, 1998; Bonada et al., Chapter 3). However, the differentiation between ecological and historical processes is not always easy (Endler, 1982), because of the different scale of observation in space and time used when these factors are analyzed (Ball, 1975; Legendre, 1990). As consequence of these factors, organisms are distributed in patches in space and time rather than randomly or homogeneously, generating spatial and temporal heterogeneity (e.g., Pringle et al., 1988).
Genetic Diagnosis in Children with Epilepsy and Developmental Delay/Mental Retardation Using Targeted Gene Panel Analysis

Purpose Epileptic encephalopathies (EEs) are the severe form of childhood epilepsy and phenotypically heterogeneous disorders with different underlying genetic defects. EEs are always accompanied with developmental delay/mental retardation and behavior problems. Finding the genetic basis of epileptic encephalopathies with developmental delay/mental retardation can be valuable not only for diagnosis but also for guiding treatment and providing disease prognosis. Methods and Results A customized panel of 90 genes related to epileptic encephalopathies was utilized to screen for potential genetic variants via targeted next generation sequencing (NGS). A total of 78 children with epilepsy and developmental delay/mental retardation were analyzed with an average read depth of 265.3 ± 68.3X. Mutations were found in 23 (9 boys and 14 girls) probands, and the overall mutation identification rate was 29.5% (25.0% for males and 33.3% for females). Fifteen (65.2%) mutations involve ion channels, including SCN1A, KCNT1, SCN2A, SCN8, KCNB1 and KCNQ2. The other (34.8%) mutations involve CDKL5, ALG13, GFAP, SNAP25, STXBP1 and SYNGAP1. Sixteen (69.6%) of the identified mutations were confirmed to be de novo and one (4.3%) was found to be paternal mosaicism. Channelopathies were found to be the major cause of both early onset (≤6 months) and later onset of unclassified EE as well as febrile seizure cases. On the contrary, patients with infantile spasms or West syndrome were mainly caused by mutations in non-ion channel proteins, whereas patients of epilepsy with developmental delays and/or mental retardation were caused by mutations in both channel and non-channel genes. Conclusion NGS is a valuable and reliable diagnostic tool to detect the gene mutation in epileptic children with developmental delay/mental retardation. This cost-effective method shortens the course from seizure onset to genetic diagnosis. By understanding the gene mutations and genotypephenotype correlation better, clinical practitioners could provide the optimal anticonvulsant and treatment.
Top Director Shake-Up: The Link between Chairman and CEO Dismissal

Most UK companies separate the roles of CEO and Chairman. The former runs the company, the latter runs the board and the two directors interact to a great extent. Using turnover data on 2180 separate chairmanships of the top 460 UK companies over the 1990-1998 period, I find that the Chairman is six times more likely to be replaced when the CEO is dismissed. Moreover, the Chairman's previous position or the type of chairmanship does not affect the association between Chairman and CEO removal. But, the Chairman is four times more likely to be penalised when he is involved in the appointment of the departing CEO. Evidence on the dismissal events suggests that Chairman replacement enables the appointment of a new CEO and other directors with different human capital, which in turn facilitates changes in future corporate decisions.
Jointly owned forests and forest land consolidation – increasing the stand size in fragmented areas

Private ownership has traditionally been considered superior to joint ownership. The creation of new jointly owned forests is, nevertheless, regarded as an integral part of Finnish forest land consolidation projects. The aim of these projects is to solve the challenge of increasingly small forest properties, which lead to higher harvest and maintenance costs, and lower incentives to manage the forests. In this article, a case study was carried out on the size of forest stands (compartments) before and a decade after the Pahkakoski land consolidation project. The stand sizes before and after land consolidation are compared both for areas that only underwent land consolidation and for areas that were merged into a jointly owned forest. The results indicate that land consolidation increases the stand sizes, especially for younger stands. For jointly owned forests, this increase is larger: in terms of forest land, the average stand size increased with between 1 and 1.8 hectares depending on the development class of the forest stand. While the results demonstrate that land consolidation on its own can increase the stand size, leading to lower management costs, jointly owned forests increase this effect considerably. As such, the creation of jointly owned forests presents clear benefits compared with pure land consolidation through economies of scale.