Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Hungarian version of the Roland–Morris disability questionnaire

Abstract Purpose: To create a cross-culturally adapted and clinically valid Hungarian version of the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMQ). Methods: After the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process, a total of 133 patients were included into the quality measurement study. Validity and reliability domains of the Hungarian RMQ were tested following the COSMIN guideline. Differences between clinically different patient groups were measured. Correlations of the RMQ with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF assessment (WHOQoL) and pain were also calculated. To assess the reliability dimension, internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) was determined and the test–retest method was used to calculate the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC). Results: Patients indicated for surgery or having neurological deficit had significantly higher RMQ scores. RMQ strongly correlated with pain (r = 0.61), ODI (r = 0.81) and physical subscale of WHOQoL (r = −0.7). Reliability of the Hungarian RMQ was expressed with a Cronbach’s α of 0.87, ICC of 0.91 (p < 0.001) and SEM and MDC as 1.71 and 4.74 points, respectively. Conclusions: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation process of the RMQ into Hungarian language was successful resulting in a reliable and valid measurement tool with good psychometric properties. Implications for Rehabilitation Low back pain (LBP) related disability is a big health, social and economical problem in industrial countries. Correct evaluation of spine related disability can be performed using valid and reliable national versions of condition specific patient reported questionnaires such as the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMQ). After the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Hungarian RMQ, it can be reliably used for the evaluation of LBP patients and for their follow-up during a rehabilitation process.
Modular analysis of two cyclic biological circuits

We conduct a formal analysis of two biological network circuits, that come about from the cyclic interconnection of motifs that commonly recur in biology. Specifically, we first analyze a generalized version of the gene regulatory network known as the ”repressilator”, which is the interconnection of an arbitrary number of transcriptional regulators connected in feedback. We further analyze an enzymatic covalent modification network, which consists of an arbitrary number of enzyme-substrate motifs connected in feedback. A key technical tool used to obtain these results is the representation of these motifs as modules that are functionally isolated from each other, so that the behavior of the composite network of two or more modules can be predicted from the input-output characteristics of each individual module. We demonstrate that the stable parameter regions of the repressilator tend to shrink as we add more transcriptional regulators. We further demonstrate that enzyme and substrate concentrations in covalent modification networks will always completely degrade, regardless of the network parameters and its size.
R&D management in the pharma industry: the strategic role of CROs

Purpose of the paper: This paper proposes a framework based on the concept of value-in-use generation for both stakeholders and companies. From a managerial perspective, value-in-use offers a useful tool to define strategies in the context of growing demand for corporate behaviours that demonstrate awareness and respect for the needs of all individuals. Methodology : Theoretical paper. Findings : The paper contributes to management studies by introducing a fresh insight on strategic analysis and through the concept of integrated value-in-use proposes an alternative model to interpret reality, which integrates the perspectives of management and marketing. Research limits : The main limits of this paper are its theoretical nature and lack of empirical research. Practical implications : This paper contributes to managerial practices by proposing a framework to support strategic analysis and positioning choices within markets and networks. Originality of the paper : This paper contributes to the debate on business strategy by providing the innovative concept of “integrated value-in-use” as a criterion for business choices, especially strategic ones.
Knowledge, skills and professional behaviours required by occupational therapist and physiotherapist beginning practitioners in work-related practice: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND/AIM Occupational therapists and physiotherapists have established roles in work-related practice. However, there is limited information about the attributes required by these professions for competent practice in this field. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the research literature to determine the knowledge, skills and professional behaviours required by occupational therapists and physiotherapists, including new graduates, in work-related practice. METHODS A systematic search was conducted of standard databases using keywords and phrases. All types of studies and reports were included from empirical research to descriptive reports. Included literature was appraised by standard critical appraisal tools by two reviewers. Words, phrases or themes related to the attributes required for work practice were manually extracted and a meta-synthesis conducted. RESULTS Seven observational studies, six professional practice guidelines, one book chapter, one journal editorial and seven opinion pieces met the inclusion criteria. Observational studies and descriptive reports were low on the evidence hierarchy. Meta-synthesis determined that key attributes required by occupational therapists and physiotherapists in work-related practice were knowledge of injury prevention and management, skills in communication, and professional behaviours of self-reflection and evaluation. CONCLUSION Findings from this systematic review provided credible evidence about attributes required by occupational therapists and physiotherapists but not including new graduates, in work-related practice. However, due to low evidence levels findings will need to be applied with caution. More rigorous research is needed to evaluate occupational therapy and physiotherapy workplace interventions to guide practice and to assist occupational therapists and physiotherapists promote the effectiveness of their services.
Optimal Efficiency as a Design Criterion for Closed Loop Combined Cycle Industrial Cogeneration

In comparison to conventional industrial cogeneration plants, the closed loop combined cycle cogeneration (CLCC) system has the advantage that it needs virtually no enhancement in steam handling capability of the existing plant, both in terms of steam pressure and volume flow rates. An optimal design procedure is introduced in the paper for configuration of a CLCC system between existing steam headers of an industrial setup. While aiming primarily at maximization of generation efficiency for the CLCC configuration, the design approach simultaneously attempts to configure a suboptimal number of units for each item of cogeneration equipment. The suboptimal (integer) number of units is maintained within a specified suboptima margin of the corresponding optimal (real) number of units that emerges from efficiency maximization. The design procedure relies heavily on a database including all available makes of cogeneration equipment. Consequently, the approach is very much market dependent, as illustrated adequately by a suitable case study.
Long‐term structural and functional alterations induced in the hippocampus by kindling: Implications for memory dysfunction and the development of epilepsy

Pathways in the hippocampal formation undergo a variety of long-lasting structural and functional alterations in response to neural activity. Examples of this long-term structural and functional plasticity include the phenomena of long-term potentiation (LTP), kindling, and lesion-induced synaptic reorganization, which have been extensively investigated in hippocampal circuitry. Although there has been considerable interest in understanding the cellular mechanisms of hippocampal plasticity, there is uncertainty about the role of this plasticity in learning, memory, and other cognitive processes that have been associated with the hippocampal formation. The hippocampal formation has been implicated in learning and memory by experimental studies in rodents and primates, and by clinical studies in people with amnestic syndromes (Eichenbaum et al., 1992; Squire and Cave 1991; Squire and Zola-Morgan, 1991 ; Scoville and Milner, 1957; Zola-Morgan and Squire, 19Y0, 1993). Temporal lobe epilepsy, which typically involves hippocampus and related medial temporal limbic structures, is also frequently associated with memory dysfunction (Hermann et al., 1992; Sass et al., 1990). Although memory disturbances are commonly reported by people with epilepsy, evidence for a causal relationship between recurrent seizures and memory dysfunction has been limited. In the last 5 years, considerable evidence has accumulated that recurrent seizures, which are the defining feature of epilepsy, induce a variety of long-term structural and functional alterations in hippocampal circuitry. The aim of this review is to evaluate the possible relationship of the seizure-induced structural and functional alterations in hippocampal circuitry to memory dysfunction encountered in people with epilepsy
Performance Analysis of Vertical and Horizontal Transmitter Array Modules Using Short- and Long-Wavelength VCSELS for Optical Interconnects

For short- and long-wavelength vertical surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), performances of optical transmitter array modules with vertically and horizontally packaged structures are analyzed for application to on-board optical interconnection. 850 and 1310 nm wavelengths are selected for the short- and long-wavelength light sources. For each wavelength, top- and bottom-emitting VCSELs are used to compare the performances of four different module structures: bottom-emitting types of 850 and 1310 nm for the vertical modules, and top-emitting types of 850 and 1310 nm for the horizontal modules. The horizontal transmitter modules are packaged using the conventional wire-bonding technology for the interconnect between VCSEL and driver chips while the vertical modules are packaged using the flip-chip-bonding technology. Signal crosstalk is investigated using 1<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\,\times\,$</tex></formula>4 VCSEL array chips, which are driven using the same Si-CMOS circuits designed for 5 Gb/s operation. The vertical modules show lower crosstalk than the horizontal modules. When the gap distance between the VCSEL aperture and the waveguide input port increases up to 500 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu{\rm m}$</tex></formula> for each module, the crosstalk increases in a range <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}{58}$</tex></formula> to <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${-}{\rm 37}~{\rm dB}$</tex></formula>. The 3-dB bandwidth performances are sensitively degraded in a range 4.6–2.0 GHz when the gap distance increases. In the crosstalk, the 1310-nm vertical module shows the best performance, while in the 3-dB bandwidth, the 850-nm horizontal module shows the best performance. The four modules shows clear eye openings at 2.5 Gb/s with bit error rate <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${<}10^{-12}$</tex></formula> and can be used for on-board optical interconnections.
Transdiciplinary Approach to Making Science-Based Transgenic Products Policy Recommendations

The Government Regulation No. 21, 2005 of biosafety for genetically engineered products considers aspects of religions, ethics and aesthetics in its policy recommendations and produces recommendations based on the precautionary principle and justifiable scientific methods. The formula developed by Choi (2005) was provided as an example of a science-based policy recommendation making process. Since solving a certain problem cannot be done without regarding the possible emergence of new problems, a transdisciplinary knowledge-based recommendation making will provide better outcome. The general conclusion is that we need to develop our institutional capacity in order to be able to apply a method of policy recommendation making process in the format of transdiciplinary approach to making science-based transgenic products policy recommendations.
Relational impact of authentic and transactional leadership styles on employee creativity: The role of work-related flow and climate for innovation

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore how authentic leadership and transactional leadership styles in Ghanaian telecom firms influence employees’ creativity, and the effect that climate for innovation and work-related flow have on such influencing relationship. Design/methodology/approach - Guided by the implicit theory of leadership, and using questionnaires, data were collected from 335 employees in five mining firms and analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Findings - It was found that managers in the telecom firms use transactional leadership styles and authentic leadership styles to enhance employees’ creativity. The work climate fostered employees’ creativity and encouraged their innovation. The prevalence of work-related flow enhanced employees’ job performances. The innovative climate mediated the effect of authentic leadership on employees’ creativity, but moderated the effect of transactional leadership on the employees’ creativity. Work-related flow also moderated the effects of both authentic and transactional leadership styles on employee creativity. It is concluded that managers in telecom firms influence their followers’ creativity by altering their leadership styles in accordance with the given situation to achieve organizational goals. Research limitations/implications - The study sample was drawn from a single sub-sector of the Ghanaian economy. This represents a limitation, for which the findings cannot be generalized. Replications and extensions of the study in different industrial sectors will help test the robustness and generalizability of the findings. Originality/value - This study has shown that managers of telecom firms in Ghana can cultivate and nurture the creativities of their employees toward increased performances by creating conducive psychosocial work climate that supports innovativeness, and use the requisite authentic and transactional leadership skills in the conduct of their managerial functions.
Diffusion‐weighted in vivo localized proton MR spectroscopy of human cerebral ischemia and tumor

The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of water and brain metabolites were determined by proton MR spectroscopy on a clinical MR scanner for healthy volunteers and for pathological changes in cases of acute cerebral infarction and brain tumor. The ADCs of N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA) and creatines in tissue involved in acute infarction were decreased compared to normal control values, while in tumors they showed increased values. Since NAA is a neuronal marker, these findings suggest that neuronal cell viscosity changes according to the pathological status of the tissue. The lactate ADC was significantly larger than the values for other major metabolites in cases of ischemia and tumor, suggesting that lactate is present in a different compartment. These results indicate that metabolite diffusion data can be used to reveal changes in the intracellular environment depending on the pathological status. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is more competition always desirable? - Evidence from public construction procurements in Finland

RESEARCH PROBLEM Researchers have found mixed evidence of how the level of competition affects bids in auctions. According to conventional economic theory, an increase in competition should make bids more competitive. However, the winner’s curse phenomenon calls for less aggressive bids in commonvalue auctions. Bidders may become less aggressive also due to the entry effect, since an increase in the number of potential bidders decreases the likelihood of winning the contract, yet participation costs remain constant. Rational bidders should take this into account by bidding less aggressively. Which of the effect dominates differs between different types of auctions. DATA AND METHODOLOGY In this thesis, was empirically studied using Finnish data, how the level of competition affects bids in auctions for public construction projects. Moreover, the relation between bid prices and budget overruns was also studied. The data for studying the effect of competition on bid prices contained information of 496 auctions of various kinds of projects, whereas the data for studying budget overruns contained information of 183 auctions. The data was analyzed using statistical methods such as multivariate regression analysis. The competitiveness of bids was measured as the relation between the pre-bid cost estimation and the lowest bid. Budget overruns were measured as the difference between the final cost of the contract and the lowest bid relative to the lowest bid. If the final cost of the project was not available, the relative amount of change orders and extra works was used as a proxy for budget overruns. FINDINGS Per each additional bid received, the lowest bid decreases significantly when compared with the pre-bid cost estimation. However, the winner’s curse and the entry effect significantly impact bids upward. Two solutions were provided: the release of information about the pre-bid cost estimation and the use of the second-price sealed-bid auction method. An economic downturn was found to be associated with the higher number of bids, lower bid volatility and more competitive bids. The timing of procurement is therefore important. Larger contracts were found to be associated with more accurate pre-bid cost estimations. The costs of small contracts are estimated roughly, but conservatively to avoid budget overruns. Bids were moreover found to be negatively correlated with budget overruns.
Interventions and Outcomes in Patients with Infectious Pseudomonas scleritis: A 10-Year Perspective

ABSTRACT Purpose: To identify interventional factors associated with improved visual results and faster time to resolution for patients with Pseudomonas scleritis. Methods: Retrospective study analyzing inciting factors, therapeutic modalities, and outcomes of patients with Pseudomonas scleritis. Results: A total of 24 patients were analyzed; 22 were treated as outpatients. All had resolution of infection and 58% (n = 14) maintained ≥20/200 vision. Medical therapy included topical and oral antibiotics; seven received additional subconjunctival injections; two were admitted for IV antibiotics. Patients presenting with ≥20/200 vision were more likely to maintain this level of vision (n = 8, 80%) compared to those presenting with severe vision loss (n = 5, 36%) (p = 0.04). A similar proportion of patients who received (n = 8, 61%) and did not receive (n = 5, 39%) oral steroids achieved 20/200 vision or better once infection resolved, p = 1.0. Conclusions: Pseudomonas scleritis can be successfully managed in the outpatient setting. Oral steroids do not appear harmful in the treatment of this disease.
Cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer: a review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men. Adenocarcinoma accounts for 90% of CRC cases. There has been accumulating evidence in support of the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept of cancer which proposes that CSCs are central in the initiation of cancer. CSCs have been the focus of study in a range of cancers, including CRC. This has led to the identification and understanding of genes involved in the induction and maintenance of pluripotency of stem cells, and markers for CSCs, including those investigated specifically in CRC. Knowledge of the expression pattern of CSCs in CRC has been increasing in recent years, revealing a heterogeneous population of cells within CRC ranging from pluripotent to differentiated cells, with overlapping and sometimes unique combinations of markers. This review summarises current literature on the understanding of CSCs in CRC, including evidence of the presence of CSC subpopulations, and the stem cell markers currently used to identify and localise these CSC subpopulations. Future research into this field may lead to improved methods for early detection of CRC, novel therapy and monitoring of treatment for CRC and other cancer types.
Alteration of maternal serum irisin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to compare serum irisin concentrations in pregnant women with and without ges-tational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was performed at the Tertiary Care Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecol-ogy, between January 2014 and April 2014. A total of 45 pregnant women with GDM (diabetes group) and 41 BMI- and age-matched healthy pregnant women (control group) were recruited. Maternal serum irisin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit at 24-28 weeks of gestation. An association between maternal serum irisin lev-els and metabolic parameters was analyzed. Body mass index, serum levels of glucose, insulin and irisin were tested and analyzed in the study group and controls. RESULTS Pregnant women with GDM had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.001), first-hour OGTT glucose (p = 0.001), second-hour OGTT glucose (p = 0.001), and fasting insulin (p = 0.045) levels as compared to controls. Serum irisin levels were 1.04 ± 0.3 and 1.3 ± 0.2 in pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant controls, respectively (p = 0.001). Correlation analysis between irisin levels and anthropometric and biochemical parameters in patients with gestational diabetes revealed that none of the investigated parameters correlated with serum irisin level. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that serum irisin levels might be introduced as a novel marker for GDM, with decreased levels of irisin being indicative of GDM.
A polymorphism in GABRA2 is associated with the medial frontal response to alcohol cues in an fMRI study.

BACKGROUND Significant evidence has accumulated to suggest an association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GABRA2 gene and alcoholism. However, research has yet to show an association between these polymorphisms and the human brain's reward system function. In this study, we stratified subjects who had participated in an fMRI study of alcohol cue responses according to their genotype at a SNP in GABRA2 (rs279871) shown to be associated with alcohol dependence (Edenberg et al., 2004). METHODS Genotyping showed 13 subjects to be homozygous for the high-risk allele (AA), and 23 subjects to be heterozygous (AG). In fMRI, subjects were exposed to the aromas of their preferred alcoholic drink odors (AO), as well as to appetitive control odors (ApCO) under both alcohol intoxication and placebo control conditions. RESULTS Homozygous AA subjects had a larger [AO > ApCO] response than did AG subjects in medial frontal cortical areas thought to code reward value. However, AG subjects had a larger [AO > ApCO] effect in the ventral tegmental area. Alcohol intoxication did not alter these group differences. CONCLUSIONS These are the first data to suggest that GABRA2 genotype could affect the brain's responses to cues associated with alcohol.