Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinico-biochemical profile of hypoglycemia in neonates admitted in NICU

Background: In high risk neonates’ incidence of hypoglycemia is up to 30%. There is limited evidence-based consensus regarding screening and management of neonates at risk of hypoglycemia. This study was undertaken to know the incidence, clinical profile, sequential blood glucose level upto 72 hours and short-term outcome of neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods: Blood sugar was screened at admission, after feed or D10 bolus, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of age. Detailed maternal history and neonatal history, clinical manifestation, management and short-term outcome of hypoglycemic neonates were noted. Statistical analysis of data was done by SPSS 22.0 software. Results: 200 neonates with blood glucose less than 40mg/dl at admission to NICU in which 47 had repeat episode of hypoglycemia. Incidence of hypoglycemia at admission was 22.49% and 5.29% was incidence of repeat episode of hypoglycemia. Pre-term (p=0.005), low birth weight (p=0.020) and SGA (p=0.012) had repeat episode of hypoglycemia. GDM (p=0.040), birth asphyxia (p=0.046) and early septicaemia (p=0.0001) were common risk factors for hypoglycemia. Poor feeding, jitteriness and respiratory abnormality were common presentation of hypoglycemic neonates. The blood glucose levels at admission were less than 30 mg/dl in neonates who later had repeat episode of hypoglycemia. Most hypoglycemic episode after admission occurred within 24 hours of life. Conclusions: LBW especially Preterm SGA neonates are at increased risk of hypoglycemia. Maternal and neonatal risk factors are GDM and birth asphyxia, early septicaemia. Screening for hypoglycemia is essential for high-risk neonates.
Productivity and cost of tree felling crew with a chainsaw in Caspian forests.

Tree cutting is the most important component that affects all stages of harvesting. Tree cutting is included felling, cross-cutting (bucking), delimbing and topping. This study was carried out in the northern forests of Iran (i.e. Hyrcanian Forests) near the Caspian Sea in the Neka Chob Company, in order to evaluate subsections of tree felling. The main goals of this study are time study of tree felling, estimating and measuring productivity and costs of chainsaw as well as identifying regression model of tree felling time. Multivariate Regression of felling time was a function of tree diameter, distance among felling trees and air temperature. Hourly production of chainsaw felling was 44.61 m3/h (8 trees per hour). There was found a negative relationship between tree diameter and the Tree felling cost of production unit, so that when the tree diameter was increased the cost of
Spatial Correlation of Spectral Acceleration in European Data

Abstract Quantification of regional seismic risk is based on spatially correlated random fields and requires modeling of the joint distribution of ground‐motion intensity measures at all sites of interest. In particular, when a portfolio of buildings or a transportation/distribution network (lifeline) is of concern, correlation models for elastic spectral acceleration (SA) may also be required in order to estimate the expected loss in case of seismic events. The presented study focuses on semi‐empirical estimation of spatial correlation as a function of intersite separation distance. In fact, this paper complements, and is based on, preceding work of the authors referring to spatial correlation of peak ground acceleration and velocity (Esposito and Iervolino, 2011). The evaluation of correlation for ground‐motion residuals was performed on data from multiple earthquakes, considering different ground‐motion prediction equations fitted to the same records. Correlation analyses, carried out through geostatistical tools, considered two datasets: the Italian Accelerometric Archive and the European Strong‐Motion Database. Results appear generally consistent with previous research on the same topic. Finally, simple relationships providing the correlation range of intraevent residuals of SA, as a function of structural period, were derived for each dataset. The developed models are useful for earthquake engineering applications where spatial correlation of peak ground motion is required.
Subnational institutions and open innovation: evidence from China

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine how subnational institutions within a country explain the performance consequences of open innovation (OI) in emerging market enterprises (EMEs). Design/methodology/approach: The paper conducts a regression analysis by using a novel panel data set comprising of 438 innovative Chinese firms over the period of 2008-2011. Findings: The authors show that although on average openness to external actors improves innovation performance this effect is pronounced for EMEs that operate in subnational regions with a higher level of intellectual property rights (IPR) enforcement and of factor market development. The findings point to the context-dependent nature of OI strategy and the complementary effect of institutional parameters in emerging markets and help to reconcile the contrasting findings regarding the effect of OI in the prior literature. Originality/value: This paper extends the literature on OI by suggesting that the analysis of the performance consequences of OI strategy should go beyond the nexus between OI and firm performance, and instead, focus on subnational-specific institutions, such as region-specific IPR enforcement, factor market development and intermediation market development, that may facilitate or constrain the effect of OI model.
Political Entrepreneurs or Development Agents: An NGO`s tale of resistance and acquiescence in Madhya Pradesh, India

NGOs have been lauded both for being political entrepreneurs - facilitators of transformative politics - and also development agents - implementers of participatory development. However, not many believe that NGOs can successfully combine both these roles. This view arises from a larger cynicism of the development machinery that constantly strives to exclude `politics`. In India too, NGO-state relationships affirm that politically confontationist NGOs have frequently been oppressed. This article presents a case study of an NGO in a central Indian state that, over an entire decade, was able to combine development work regarded as legitmate by the state with practices resisting state action in development. It demonstrates that the `depoliticisation` of development is not always a successful state project with predictable consequences. Moreover, the NGO`s seemingly dual stance was itself unreal, as resistance and acquiescence were interwoven with one another in subtle ways. The article rejects familiar binaries deployed to study NGOs, i.e. of state-civil society or mainstream-alternative development, and focuses instead on key junctures in the NGO`s life history. It concludes that NGOs, operating within appropriate policital conditions can be both political entrepreneurs and development agents, and indeed, this synthesis holds the key to their power.
A SURVEY ON THE DRIVERS AND MECHANISMS OF FINANCIAL CRISES

This paper aims to investigate the origin and to analyze the mechanisms of forming the main economic imbalances previous to financial crises. For this purpose we first outline a typology of crises depending on the characteristic symptoms, and we identify statistical indicators corresponding to the main drivers of the instabilities, specific to each category of crises. Second, a classification of these factors will be performed depending on their share in producing effects and the intensity of propagation of the effects over the economical results. Finally, we define a set of essential variables in triggering financial crises, along with the interdependences between them.
On the origin of the stellar halo and multiple stellar populations in the globular cluster NGC 1851

We propose that the observed stellar halo around the globular cluster (GC) NGC 1851 is evidence of its formation in the central region of its defunct host dwarf galaxy. We numerically investigate the long-term dynamical evolution of a nucleated dwarf galaxy embedded in a massive dark matter halo under the strong tidal field of the Galaxy. The dwarf galaxy is assumed to have a stellar nucleus (or a nuclear star cluster) that could be the progenitor for NGC 1851. We find that although the dark matter halo and the stellar envelope of the host dwarf of NGC 1851 can be almost completely stripped during its orbital evolution around the Galaxy, a minor fraction of stars in the dwarf can remain trapped by the gravitational field of the nucleus. The stripped nucleus can be observed as NGC 1851 with no/little dark matter, whereas stars around the nucleus can be observed as a diffuse stellar halo around NGC 1851. The simulated stellar halo has a symmetric distribution with a power-law density slope of ∼−2 and shows no tidal tails within ∼200 pc from NGC 1851. We show that two GCs can merge with each other to form a new nuclear GC embedded in field stars owing to the low stellar velocity dispersion of the host dwarf. This result makes no assumption on the ages and/or chemical abundances of the two merging GCs. Thus, the observed stellar halo and characteristic multiple stellar populations in NGC 1851 suggest that NGC 1851 could have formed initially in the central region of an ancient dwarf galaxy. We predict that the stellar halo of NGC 1851 may have at least three different stellar populations. We also suggest some Galactic GCs with diffuse haloes, such as NGC 1904 and 5694, could be formed in a similar way to NGC 1851. We discuss the importance of GC merging within dwarfs in the formation of multiple stellar populations with abundance spreads in heavy elements in some Galactic GCs, such as M22 and NGC 2419. We also discuss other possible scenarios for the formation of the stellar halo around NGC 1851.
Implementation of cooperative learning With group investigation model to improve learning Achievement of vocational school students in indonesia

The purpose of this research is to describe the application of group investigation learning model in improving learning achievement of vocational school students in Indonesia. This research used qualified approach and applied classroom action. Subjects were students of first year of Sales Skills Program Vocational School in Malang Indonesia. Data collection techniques used were: in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, literature studies and tests. Data analysis technique used interactive technique. The results showed that: learning model group investigation has been carried out properly and vocational students have better learning achievement. Investigation group learning model can improve learning achievement of vocational school students.
Physicians’ Assessment of Cancer Comorbidity Collection Methods: A Qualitative Analysis

Objective: We conducted a qualitative assessment of oncologists’ preferences for comorbidity capture methods comparing the ICD-9 claims-based approach to the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27) record abstraction approach. Materials and Methods: Building upon theoretical foundations in anthropology, we developed a qualitative methodology to elicit the thoughts and reactions of 21 practicing oncologists about their preferences for claims-based vs. record-abstraction methods of capturing comorbidity. Grounded theory approach was used to identify recurring themes and dominant concerns expressed by multiple respondents. Codes were developed and applied in two phases: initial and focused. Results: Thematic analysis of qualitative interviews revealed five key domains of concern: accuracy, specificity, utility, robustness and the ease of use of the information for clinical decision-making. There was a strong preference among physician respondents for comorbidity information captured through chart abstraction methods such as the ACE-27. Most respondents felt that claims-based comorbidity data, although easy to capture in the process of billing and coding medical encounters, generally lacked a level of specificity and robustness, thereby rendering the information less clinically useful. Conclusion: For complex, chronic conditions, claims-based comorbidity was seen by respondents as superficial, nonspecific and at times inaccurate in which case medical record abstraction data would be preferred.
Effects of land use changes on climate in the Greater Horn of Africa

The relationships between historical land use transformations and spatio-temporal patterns of precipitation and temperature over the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) were examined based on Landsat satellite observations for the years 1986, 1995, and 2000 and regional climate model simulations in the period 1991−2000. The satellite-derived land use/cover classification shows increased conversion of large portions of forests over the GHA to agriculture, par ticularly in Kenya, with land (acreage) under crops increasing from 6.55% in 1986 to almost 18% by the year 2000. Sensitivity experiments performed with regional climate model, Version 4 (RegCM4), indicate that expanding agriculture into forested areas led to a modest reduction in monthly rainfall totals and also may be contributing to notable shifts in moisture convergence zones and centers of rainfall maxima. Student’s t-test at a 0.1 significant level showed a decrease in precipitation and an increase in surface temperature around the lake region when surface vegetation cover is converted to agricultural land cover type. Conversely, under the assumption that large sections of croplands are converted to forest, the simulations resulted in a modest increase in precipitation and a reduction of surface temperature around the lake region, changes that are significant at the 0.1 confidence level. A substantial trade-off in the components of the surface energy balance between sensible heat flux (SHF) and latent heat flux (LHF) was observed for the different conversion types. Under the assumption of reforestation, both SHF and LHF increased. The increase in SHF was almost twice that of LHF. On the other hand, when land cover types were converted to agricultural types, SHF decreased, while LHF did not show any significant change.
Influence of Business Networking Services on Performance of Start-Up Firms Sponsored by University Incubators in Kenya

Business Networking Services refers to access to professional business services networks of professional contacts. It involves for example connections with business angel networks and venture capital firms commonly out of reach for new young firms. Start-up firms’ failure rate is estimated at 75 % in developing and least developed countries within the first three years of operation. Business incubation assists start-up firms grow with the efficient use of business resources to become sustainable and competitive companies. The outcomes of the graduate companies are jobs creation, technology transfer, commercialization of new technologies and create wealth for economies. University business incubators (UBIs) provide a unique opportunity for start-up firms to benefit from the talent and resources located in the university, particularly in development of products that require higher level of technology and sophistication. The objective of the study was to find out how business networking services influence performance of start-up firms sponsored by university incubators in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design with qualitative and quantitative data collected from a random sample of university sponsored graduate incubates. The study collected primary data from a sample size of 189 from a population of 372. A semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire with open spaces for comments was used. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Regression analysis was used to test the relationship between the dependent and independent variable. The study found out that business networking services had a positive significant relationship on the performance of startup firms sponsored by university incubators in Kenya. The study recommends that more universities adopt business incubation strategy which has been proven as an essential requirement in helping develop local economies through promotion of knowledge transfer, generating jobs and ability to commercialize university research. Keywords: Business incubation, Business networking, Firm performance.
Consumers' attitudes towards sustainable food: a cluster analysis of italian university students

Public and academic attention towards sustainable consumption has been impressive in the last decade, but consumer attitudes and buying behaviours of sustainable food are still not completely understood. The current paper explores Italian university students’ (N=500) attitudes towards sustainable foods through factor analysis and cluster analysis (K-means method). Three different consumer types were identified: the responsible food consumer, the inattentive food consumer and the potentially sustainable food consumer. The first and third segments, revealing high interest levels and awareness of sustainability issues in food, worth further analysis by food producers and policy makers concerned with fostering market development of these products.
Predation costs associated with parental care in the golden egg bug Phyllomorpha laciniata (Heteroptera: Coreidae)

Parental care will evolve when the benefits in terms of offspring survival are greater than the costs to the parents. Costs have been classified as reproductive and survival costs. Greater predation rates among adults caring for young are included among survival costs, but few studies have been able to demonstrate such a link. Among golden egg bugs (Phyllomorpha laciniata) females can lay eggs on plants, males, or other females; adults carry the eggs until they hatch. Using an experimental approach, we show that adults carrying eggs are more likely to be preyed upon by birds than adults without eggs. These greater predation rates may be the consequence of adults being more easily detected by predators when carrying eggs, and/or to their reduced ability to escape, as most eggs are carried over the wings, making it impossible for individuals carrying eggs to fly. Despite these survival costs to carrying adults, caring for eggs is favored by natural selection because it greatly increases the survival of offspring. Key words: golden egg bug, Heteroptera, reproductive costs, Phyllomorpha laciniata, predation, parental care. [Behav Ecol 10: 541‐544 (1999)]
Long term aging effect on the creep strength of the T92 steel

Creep strength loss of T92 steel after long-term creep exposure at 600°C and 650°C is partially due to a thermal aging of the steel during the first part of the test. In order to quantify the effect of long-term aging on the creep strength loss, creep tests were conducted at 600 and 650°C on T92 steel thermally aged for 10,000h at the same temperature and on as-received T92 steel. Laves phases precipitates were found after thermal aging at 600°C and 650°C with an average equivalent diameter of about 200nm and of about 350nm, respectively. No significant change in hardness and in the matrix substructure as revealed by electron backscatter diffraction occurred during aging. For stresses higher than 170MPa at 600°C and higher than 110MPa at 650°C the time to rupture is four times lower in the aged steels compared to the as-received steel, this is correlated to a secondary creep rate four times higher for the aged specimens compared to that of the as-received steel. Creep tests conducted at 650°C under lower stresses revealed a creep lifetime only twice lower after aging.
Pyridinic N doped graphene: synthesis, electronic structure, and electrocatalytic property

Different C–N bonding configurations in nitrogen (N) doped carbon materials have different electronic structures. Carbon materials doped with only one kind of C–N bonding configuration are an excellent platform for studying doping effects on the electronic structure and physical/chemical properties. Here we report synthesis of single layer graphene doped with pure pyridinic N by thermal chemical vapour deposition of hydrogen and ethylene on Cu foils in the presence of ammonia. By adjusting the flow rate of ammonia, the atomic ratio of N and C can be modulated from 0 to 16%. The domain like distribution of N incorporated in graphene was revealed by the imaging of Raman spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy investigation demonstrated that the pyridinic N efficiently changed the valence band structure of graphene, including the raising of density of π states near the Fermi level and the reduction of work function. Such pyridinic N doping in carbon materials was generally considered to be responsible for their oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. The 2e reduction mechanism of ORR on our CNxgraphene revealed by rotating disk electrode voltammetry indicated that the pyridinic N may not be an effective promoter for ORR activity of carbon materials as previously expected.
THE IMPACT OF A CYCLIC FEEDING REGIME ON THE EXPRESSION OF GENES INVOLVED IN APPETITE REGULATION AND LIPID METABOLISM IN RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS)

THE IMPACT OF A CYCLIC FEEDING REGIME ON THE EXPRESSION OF GENES INVOLVED IN APPETITE REGULATION AND LIPID METABOLISM IN RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) Cameron Richardson Co-advisors: University of Guelph, 2011 Dr. N.J. Bernier Dr. R.G. Danzmann The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a cyclic feeding regime alters growth, lipid content and the expression of genes involved in appetite regulation and lipid metabolism in rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). Progeny from two lots of diallel crosses were raised under a daily fed control or a cyclic feeding regime containing alternating reduced and compensatory rations. Although the cyclic feeding regime did not improve overall growth, there was some degree of compensatory growth seen during realimentation, and the reduced ration led to sustained reductions in condition factor and muscle fat content. Appetite-regulating genes showed little or no differences in expression between feeding regimes. However, the lipid metabolism genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and muscle lipid uptake showed differences in expression during reduced and compensatory ration. This study helps to clarify optimal cyclic feeding regimes in order to enhance growth characteristics preferential to the fish culture industry.
Serological biomarkers of granuloma progression in sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder with unknown etiology and pathogenesis characterized by non-caseating granulomas, and different clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis hinder diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of serological markers based on clinical observations of sarcoidosis and the progression of granulomas would aid analysis in routine clinical practice. In this review, we overview common serological markers, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and lysozyme, and describe in detail new promising indices in sarcoidosis such as a T cell serological marker (soluble interleukin 2 receptor; sIL-2R) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17).