Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Compact Steep‐Spectrum and Gigahertz Peaked‐Spectrum Radio Sources

I review the radio to X‐ray properties of gigahertz peaked‐spectrum (GPS) and compact steep‐spectrum (CSS) sources, the current hypotheses for their origin, and their use to constrain the evolution of powerful radio galaxies. The GPS and CSS sources are compact, powerful radio sources with well‐defined peaks in their radio spectra (near 1 GHz in the GPS and near 100 MHz in the CSS). The GPS sources are entirely contained within the extent of the narrow‐line region (≲1 kpc), while the CSS sources are contained entirely within the host galaxy (≲15 kpc). The peaks in the spectra are probably due to synchrotron self‐absorption, though free‐free absorption through an inhomogeneous screen may also play a role. The turnover frequency varies with linear size l as νm∝l-0.65, suggesting a simple physical relationship between these parameters. The radio morphologies are strikingly like those of the large‐scale classical doubles, though some sources can have very distorted morphologies suggestive of interactions. Radio polarization tends to be low, and in some cases the Faraday rotation measures can be extremely large. The IR properties are consistent with stellar populations and active galactic nucleus (AGN) bolometric luminosity similar to that of the 3CR classical doubles. The optical host galaxy properties (absolute magnitude, Hubble diagram, evidence for interaction) are consistent with those of the 3CR classical doubles. CSS sources at all redshifts exhibit high surface brightness optical light (most likely emission‐line gas) that is aligned with the radio axis. The optical emission‐line properties suggest (1) interaction of the radio source with the emission‐line gas and (2) the presence of dust toward the emission‐line regions. X‐ray observations of high‐redshift GPS quasars and a couple of GPS galaxies suggest the presence of significant columns of gas toward the nuclei. Searches for cold gas in the host galaxies have revealed large amounts of molecular gas and smaller amounts of atomic gas in several sources, though probably not enough to confine the radio sources. The main competing models for the GPS and CSS sources are that (1) they are frustrated by interaction with dense gas in their environments and (2) they are young and evolving radio sources that will become large‐scale sources. Combining the bright GPS and CSS samples with the 3CR results in a sample spanning a range in source size of 105 that can be used to study source evolution. The number density versus linear size relation is consistent with a picture in which the sources expand with constant velocity and the radio power drops with linear size l according to P∝l-0.5. This strong evolution suggests that at least some of the GPS and CSS sources evolve to become lower luminosity FR 1 radio sources. The GPS and CSS sources are important probes of their host galaxies and will provide critical clues to the origin and evolution of powerful radio sources.
Phytochemical Study and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties of Launaea taraxacifolia Leaves Extracts on Cell Lines HepG2 and PLB985

Launaea taraxacifolia is a leafy vegetable of the family of Asteraceae (Compositae) found in several countries in West Africa including Ghana, Benin and Nigeria. The plant leaves are eaten either fresh as salad or cooked as sauces. They are also consumed as infusion to fight against several diseases including non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Several studies have been conducted in Ghana, Nigeria on the nutritional and medicinal values of this plant but no study has yet been conducted in Benin on the virtues of this plant. In this work we have achieved the phytochemical characterization and evaluated the cytotoxicity as well as hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant effects of the ethanol-aqueous extracts of Launaea taraxacifolia leaves. Cytotoxicity and hypolipidemic activities have been performed on HepG2 cells; the antioxidant effect has been performed on the PLB985 cells. The results showed that the ethanol-aqueous extracts of Launaea taraxacifolia leaves contained the following metabolites: catechic tannin, flavonoids, phenolic acids, mucilage and leucoanthocyanins. Only very high concentrations (>20 mg/ml) of leaves extracts are toxic for HepG2 cells. Launaea taraxacifolia leaves have significant antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities.
Mobility enhancement over universal mobility in (100) silicon nanowire gate-all-around MOSFETs with width and height of less than 10nm range

Systematic study has been performed on carrier mobility in sub-10nm gate-all-around (GAA) Si nanowire (NW) FETs on (100) SOI. The NW height is 4 – 10nm and the minimum NW width is shrunk to 5nm. For the first time, higher hole mobility than universal mobility is experimentally observed in 9nmwide NW and even in 5nm-wide NW, demonstrating great advantage of NW pFETs, while electron mobility degradation is minimized in NW nFET. In addition, it is found that further mobility enhancements can be obtained in Si NWs by strain engineering. Underlying physical mechanisms are discussed.
Health professionals, implementation and outcomes: reflections on a complex intervention to improve breastfeeding rates in primary care.

OBJECTIVES To understand why a complex breastfeeding coaching intervention, which offered health professional-facilitated breastfeeding groups for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and personal peer coaches, was more effective at improving breastfeeding rates in some areas than others. METHODS This controlled intervention study was designed, implemented and evaluated using principles from action research methodology. We theoretically sampled 14 health professionals with varying levels of involvement and 12 consented to be interviewed. We analysed data from 266 group diaries kept by health professionals, 31 group observations, 10 audio-recorded steering group meetings and field notes. Women's perspectives were obtained by analysing qualitative data from one focus group, 21 semi-structured qualitative interviews and responses to open-survey questions. RESULTS The intervention was more effective at improving breastfeeding rates in areas where health visitors and midwives were committed to working together to implement the intervention, where health professionals shared group facilitation and where inter- and intra-professional relationships were strong. The area where the intervention was ineffective had continuity of a single group facilitator with breastfeeding expertise and problematic relationships within and between midwife and health visitor teams. No one style of group suited all women. Some preferred hearing different views, others valued continuity of help from a facilitator with breastfeeding expertise. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesise that involving several local health professionals in implementing an intervention may be more effective than a breastfeeding expert approach. Inter- and intra-health professional relationships may be an important determinant of outcome in interventions that aim to influence population behaviours like breastfeeding.
Diagnostics within the clinic to test for gonorrhoea and chlamydia reduces the time to treatment: a service evaluation

Rapid on-site diagnostics permit prompt recognition and treatment of infections. We introduced the GeneXpert system (Cepheid, California, USA) within 56 Dean Street, a central London sexual health clinic. The machine processes Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) samples in 90 min by real-time PCR. We present the results of the service evaluation of a pilot where GeneXpert was used to process samples from individuals attending outreach or specialised clinics. Asymptomatic attenders whose samples were processed using the GeneXpert system were compared with asymptomatic ‘standard of care’ …
Mining Multivariate Temporal Patterns for Event Characterization and Prediction

_______ Abstract - Characteristic and prediction of the events are essential in many applications, such as forecasting economic growth, financial decision making etc. This can be done by processing the temporal patterns which are observed event data sequence often closely related to certain time-ordered structures. Among several existing method reconstructed phase space work well but only for univariate data sequence. So we propose a multivariate reconstructed phase space which is uses supervised clustering for characteristic and prediction of event from these dynamic data sequence. An optimization method is applied finally to estimate the parameters of the classifier that defines an optimal decision boundary in the Multivariate RPS
Polymerase chain reaction inhibition assay documenting the amotosalen‐based photochemical pathogen inactivation process of platelet concentrates

BACKGROUND: The INTERCEPT Blood System (Baxter Healthcare Corp.) for platelets (PLTs) uses amotosalen‐HCl (S‐59) in conjunction with ultraviolet A (UVA) light to inactivate contaminating pathogens by modifying the nucleic acids of pathogens. The success of this photochemical treatment (PCT) process can be documented indirectly with a high‐performance liquid chromatography assay measuring the photodegradation of amotosalen and measurement of the UVA light dose delivered by the illumination system.
Prediction of matrix-precipitate interfacial free energies: Application to Al-Al3Li.

Interfaces determine many properties of bulk materials; for example, the interfacial free energy plays a crucial factor in the nucleation, growth, and morphology of precipitates in alloys. So far, the complexity associated with the inherent interfacial disorder has eluded {ital ab} {ital initio} computation of its thermodynamic properties at finite temperatures. Here we show that a particular class of interfaces can be accurately modeled from first principles by combining the thermodynamics of the Ising Hamiltonian with the zero-temperature electronic total energies of small supercells. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }
Lunar Magnetic Anomalies and Surface Optical Properties

For typical solar wind conditions, lunar magnetic anomalies with dipole moments m >> 5 x 1013 gauss-cubic centimeters will strongly deflect the solar wind, producing local plasma voids at the lunar surface. The correlation of the largest observed anomalies (m ∼ 1016 gauss-cubic centimeters) with unusual, relatively high albedo surface features may therefore imply that solar wind ion bombardment is an important determinant of the optical properties of the lunar surface.
Adjuvant lithium improves the efficacy of radioactive iodine treatment in Graves' and toxic nodular disease

Lithium increases iodine retention in the thyroid gland and inhibits thyroid hormone release. Although lithium has been reported to improve the efficacy of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment in Graves' disease, its role as an adjunct to RAI treatment of hyperthyroidism, particularly in toxic nodular disease, remains contentious.
The occurrence of malolactic fermentation in brandy base wine and its influence on brandy quality

Aims: In this study we determined the extent to which lactic acid bacteria (LAB) occurred in brandy base wines, their ability to catalyse the malolactic fermentation (MLF) and the effect of MLF on the quality of the base wine and the brandy distillate.
Injectable dextranomer-based implant: histopathology, volume changes and DNA-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To study the tissue reaction in and around the implant, the changes in implant volume and the DNA profile of the invading cells when a new substance, dextranomers in sodium hyaluronan solution (DiHA), was injected into experimental animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine pigs were followed up from 2 weeks to 3.5 months and 34 rats were followed up from 3 weeks to 16 months after injection of DiHA into the bladder in pigs and into the subcutaneous tissue in rats. Histopathological analysis was performed in 16 pig and 63 rat implants. In 31 of the rat implants the DNA profile was analysed. Changes in implant volume over time were estimated in 51 rat implants during the period up to 12 months after implantation. RESULTS Histologically, in the early phases the area within and around the implant was fairly rich in cells, predominantly fibroblasts, inflammatory cells and giant cells of the foreign body type. Later in the process an increase in extracellular matrix around the microspheres and ingrowth of blood vessels was seen. No tissue necrosis or significant eosinophilia was observed around the implants. DNA measurements by flow cytometry revealed no aneuploid cells. There was a decrease in implant volume by 23% over a period of 12 months. CONCLUSIONS DiHA does not induce any major tissue changes in and around the implants. No DNA changes were observed during the study period of 16 months. DiHA seem to be a safe and suitable injectable substance with good tissue-augmenting properties.
Theoretical Modeling and Measurement Comparison of Season-long Rice Field Monitoring

The development of a theoretical model to describe the scattering mechanisms involved in the remote sensing of rice crops is essential, as it ensures correct application of remote sensing data for rice monitoring. The theoretical model used in this study is based on the radiative transfer theory applied on a layered dense discrete random medium. The dense medium phase and amplitude correction theory (DM-PACT), which considers the coherent effects of the scatterers, is incorporated in the development of the phase matrices of the scatterers, which are modeled after the physical geometry of the plants. Ground truth measurements of rice fields were acquired at Sungai Burung, Selangor, Malaysia for an entire season. These measurements are used in the theoretical model to calculate the backscattering coefficients of rice fields. The results are then compared to those obtained from RADARSAT images to test the validity of the model. Comparisons show promising results, but further research is required to improve on the current model.
Spontaneous rupture of the lumbar artery.

stitution for the evaluation and treatment of the retroperitoneal hematoma and the subsequent hemorrhagic shock. Her hemoglobin was 4.6 g/dl and international normalized ratio was 2.3. Emergency angiography revealed extravasation from the left lumbar artery (L3) (Fig. 1). Computed tomography (CT) during selective angiography disclosed massive extravasation of the contrast material in the hematoma cavity (Fig. 2). Thus, transcatheter arterial embolization was performed using coils, and the hemorrhage ceased immediately after the procedure. Spontaneous rupture of the lumbar artery is a rare but potentially fatal disease especially for those having thrombocytopenia and/or impaired blood clotting. Thus, prompt diagnosis and adequate therapy are absolutely imperative.
Horizontal Basal Cells Are Multipotent Progenitors in Normal and Injured Adult Olfactory Epithelium

The mammalian olfactory neuroepithelium provides a unique system for understanding the regulation of neurogenesis by adult neural stem cells. Recently, mouse horizontal basal cells (HBCs) were identified as stem cells that regenerate olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and non‐neuronal cell types only after extensive injury of the olfactory epithelium (OE). Here we report a broader spectrum of action for these cells. We show that even during normal neuronal turnover, HBCs actively generate neuronal and non‐neuronal cells throughout adulthood. This occurs in a temporally controlled manner: an initial wave of HBC‐derived neurogenesis was observed soon after birth, and a second wave of neurogenesis was observed at 4 months of age. Moreover, upon selective depletion of mature ORNs by olfactory bulbectomy, HBCs give rise to more neurons. Our findings demonstrate a crucial role for HBCs as multipotent progenitors in the adult OE, acting during normal neuronal turnover as well as in acute regeneration upon injury.
Detection rate and prognostic value of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA in metastatic uveal melanoma

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have been recently investigated in several cancer types, but their respective clinical significance remains to be determined. In our prospective study, we compared the detection rate and the prognostic value of these two circulating biomarkers in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. GNAQ/GNA11 mutations were characterized in archived tumor tissue. Using a highly sensitive and mutation‐specific bidirectional pyrophosphorolysis‐activated polymerization (bi‐PAP) technique, GNAQ c.626A>T, GNAQ c.626A>C and GNA11 c.626A>T copy numbers were quantified in plasma from 12 mL of blood. CTCs were detected at the same time in 7.5 mL of blood by the CellSearch® technique. Patient characteristics and outcome were prospectively collected. CTCs (≥1) were detected in 12 of the 40 included patients (30%, range 1–20). Among the 26 patients with known detectable mutations, ctDNA was detected and quantified in 22 (84%, range 4–11,421 copies/mL). CTC count and ctDNA levels were associated with the presence of miliary hepatic metastasis (p = 0.004 and 0.03, respectively), with metastasis volume (p = 0.005 and 0.004) and with each other (p < 0.0001). CTC count and ctDNA levels were both strongly associated with progression‐free survival (p = 0.003 and 0.001) and overall survival (p = 0.0009 and <0.0001). In multivariate analyses, ctDNA appeared to be a better prognostic marker than CTC. In conclusion, ctDNA and CTC are correlated and both have poor prognostic significance. CTC detection can be performed in every patient but, in patients with detectable mutations, ctDNA was more frequently detected than CTC and has possibly more prognostic value.
Circulating levels of Clara cell protein 16 but not surfactant protein D identify and quantify lung damage in patients with multiple injuries.

BACKGROUND Almost 60% of all patients with severe multiple injuries sustain severe chest trauma with aggravating effect on morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of lung contusion is performed by early posttraumatic multislice computed tomography. Because this diagnostic procedure requires time, resources, and exposure to radiation, a noninvasive approach with easy follow-up measurements is warranted. METHODS Serum levels of Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) and surfactant protein D as lung-specific biomarkers were obtained on admission from 104 patients with multiple injuries using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Patients were divided into those with severe lung injury ([LI]; n = 68) and without LI (NLI; n = 36). Nonsmoking healthy volunteers served as controls. In addition, volume of lung contusions were calculated planimetrically on serial multislice computed tomography scans obtained after admission. Factors influencing CC16 serum levels were determined in uni- and multivariate analyses, and Spearman rank coefficients were calculated for correlations. RESULTS Patients with LI showed a significant (p < 0.05) elevation of median CC16 levels (10.2 ng/mL) compared with NLI patients (5.4 ng/mL) and controls (5.2 ng/mL). Serum CC16 levels correlated with the volume of lung contusions (r = 0.78, p < 0.0001) and were not influenced by overall injury severity, age, gender, or preclinical ventilation. In contrast, circulating surfactant protein D levels were not associated with the presence of LI or the extent of lung contusions. CONCLUSIONS Our results advocate CC16 as a potential biomarker for LI in severely injured patients because of its high correlation with the volume of contused lung parenchyma. Therefore, this parameter may allow a specified initial treatment of patients with multiple injuries.
Body Awareness and Bodily Dissociation Among Those With and Without Sexual Difficulties: Differentiation Using the Scale of Body Connection

The goal of this study was to explore potential body awareness and bodily dissociation differences between men and women with and without sexual difficulties, using the Scale of Body Connection in a sample of 909 participants. In women, bodily dissociation scores were significantly higher across all reported sexual difficulties, except in sexual pain. Women with lack of sexual interest and sexual arousal had significantly lower body awareness when compared to women without these difficulties. These findings suggest the importance of targeting body awareness and bodily dissociation in the treatment of women's sexual difficulties.
Determination of the MRI contrast agent concentration time course in vivo following bolus injection: Effect of equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange

For bolus‐tracking studies, it is commonly assumed that CR concentration bears a linear relationship with the measured (usually longitudinal) 1H2O relaxation rate constant, R*1 ≡(T1 *)–1. This requires that equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange be in the fast exchange limit (FXL). However, though systems remain in fast exchange, the FXL will not usually obtain. Here, the consequences are considered: 1) the measurement of R1 * itself can be affected, 2) the resultant non‐linear [CR]‐dependence causes significant error by assuming FXL, 3) the thermodynamic [CR] (based on the space in which CR is actually distributed) can be determined, 4) transcytolemmal water permeability may be estimated, and 5) the pharmacokinetic parameters can be factored. For a 30‐sec, 0.17 mmol/kg dose of GdDTPA2–, the FXL assumption underestimates the [CR] maximum in rat thigh muscle by a factor of almost two. Similar results are obtained for a rat brain GS‐9L gliosarcoma tumor model. Magn Reson Med 44:563–574, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
‘Racial differences have to be considered’: Lauretta Bender, Bellevue Hospital, and the African American psyche, 1936-52

This paper examines one US psychiatrist’s engagement between 1936 and 1952 with a racialist strain of evolutionary thought. When Lauretta Bender began working with Bellevue Hospital’s disproportionately black population, the psychiatric literature still circulated the crude evolutionary proposition that blacks remained stuck at a more primitive stage of development. In the 1930s, drawing insights from holistic, mechanistic and environmentalist thinking on the relationship between mind and body, Bender developed her own more circumspect racialist position. Although she largely abandoned her underdetermined version of racialism in the 1940s for an approach that left out race as an active factor of analysis, this paper contends that she probably never wrote off black primitivity as a theoretical possibility.
Timing of Plk1 and MPF activation during porcine oocyte maturation

A Polo‐like kinase 1 (Plk1) appears involved in an autocatalytic loop between CDC25C phosphatase and M phase promoting factor (MPF) in Xenopus oocytes and leads to activation of MPF that is required for germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). Although similar evidence for such a role of Plk1 in MPF activation during maturation of mammalian oocytes is absent, changes in Plk1 enzyme activity correlate with MPF activation, Plk1 co‐localizes with MPF, and microinjection of antibodies neutralizing Plk1 delays GVBD. In this study, we exploited the prolonged time required for maturation of porcine oocytes to define precisely the timing of Plk1 and MPF activation during maturation. GVBD typically occurs between 24 and 26 hr of culture in vitro and meiotic maturation is completed after 40–44‐hr culture. We find that Plk1 is activated before MPF, which is consistent with its role in activating MPF in mammalian oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 69: 11–16, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.