A Study of Morphometric-Phenotipic Characteristic of Indonesian Chicken: Kampong, Sentul and Wareng-Tangerang, Based on Discriminant Analysis, Wald-Anderson Criteria and Mahalanobis Minimum Distance

An observation of linear body sizes was conducted i n th s study; this includes femur length (X 1), tibia length (X2), shank length (X3), shank circle or circumference (X 4), the third finger length (X 5), wing length (X6), maxilla length (X7), comb height (X8) and sternum length (X 9). Grouping or classifying on the basis of morphometric characteristic between Indonesian n tive chicken: Kampong, Sentul and WarengTangerang, is carried out using discriminant analys is, Wald-Anderson criteria and Mahalanobis minimum distance. Discriminant function equations for Kampo ng vs Wareng-Tangerang chicken, for males is Y = 0.07X1 + 0.29X2 + 0.004X3 + 0.38X4 – 0.51X5 + 0.04X6 + 0.27X7 + 0.27X9, and for females is Y = 0.16X 1 + 0.28X2 + 0.23X3 + 0.67X4 + 0.10X5 + 0.03X6 + 0.07X7 – 0.06X9. Several numbers of female from Kampong and Wareng-Tangerang chicken is found not in the ri ght group. In female group, data for Kampong chicke n that is group as Wareng-Tangerang is 2.1%; on the o t r hand, data for Wareng-Tangerang chicken that i s classified as Kampong chicken is 2.2%. The Mahalano bis minimum distances for male and female between Kampong and Wareng-Tangerang, respectively are 2.99 25 and 2.9864. The greater distance for males indicates a non similarity of morphometric of males is greater than that of females. This means that a ctual separation for males is easier than that for female s for both groups of chicken. The equation of discr iminant function for Kampong vs Sentul chicken for males is Y = 0.12X1-0.05X3+0.25X5-0.12X8, and for females is = 0.0005X1 + 0.33X2 + 0.64X3 + 0.19X5 – 0.09X6 – 0.86X7 – 0.10X8 0.11X9. Calculation result at actual group shows that numbers of male and female from Sentul and Kampong chicken are found not to be in the right group. For male group, the data for Se ntul chicken that is grouped as Kampong chicken is 4.3%, and for Kampong chicken that is grouped as Sentul c hicken is 2.2%. For female group, the data for Sent ul chicken that is grouped as Kampong chicken is 11.1% , and for Kampong chicken that is group as Sentul chicken is 5.2%. It is much more difficult to deter mine the males because of the numbers of determinan t variables are smaller. The Mahalanobis minimum dist ances for males and females of Kampong and Sentul chicken are, respectively, 1.2801 and 1.6900. A no n-similarity of morphometric for Kampong vs Sentul indicates that the size of females is greater than t of males. Therefore, actual separation is easi er to be done at female group. For Wareng-Tangerang vs Sentu l chicken, the discriminant function equation for males is Y = -0.18X1 -0.03X2 + 1.20X3 + 1.09X4 + 0.20X5 -0.36X6 + 0.06X7 – 0.54X8 + 0.11X9, and for females is Y = 0.02X1 + 0.32X2 + 0.93X3 + 1.30X4 + 0.69X5 – 0.10X6 – 0.22X7 – 0.81X8 – 0.29X9. There is only the male that is found not in the right group. Separation among males is more difficult than sep aration among females although all of variable observed are det rminant variables for both males and females. For males, data for Wareng-Tangerang chicken which is c la sified as Sentul chicken is 4.3% and for Sentul chicken which is grouped as Wareng-Tangerang is not found. The Mahalanobis minimum distance for males and females between Wareng-Tangerang and Sent ul chicken is, respectively, 2,9925 and 2,9864. A greater distance for males demonstrates a non-simil ar ty of morphometric for males that is greater tha n for females. Actual separation for males should be easi er than for females; however, a reverse situation i s observed in this experiment. This is because of a s imilarity in feather colour of Wareng-Tangerang chi cken to that of Sentul chicken. In conclusion, the highe st distance of a non-similarity of morphometric is caused by the largest numbers of determinant variables; th i has increased the accuracy of grouping separatio n. Wareng-Tangerang chicken is different from Kampong a d Sentul chicken. A similarity of morfometry between Kampong and Sentul chicken is closer than t t with Wareng-Tangerang. Kampong and Sentul chicken are Indonesian native chicken; however, the Wareng-Tangerang chicken is originated from abroad that have adapted with Indonesian condition.