Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of Clinical T1N0M0 Esophageal Cancer

Background/Aims Endoscopic resection is a standard treatment for stage T1a esophageal cancer, with esophagectomy or radical radiation therapy (RT) performed for stage T1b lesions. This study aimed to compare treatment outcomes of each modality for clinical stage T1 esophageal cancer. Methods In total, 179 patients with clinical T1N0M0-stage esophageal cancer treated from 2006 to 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Sixty-two patients with clinical T1a-stage cancer underwent endoscopic resection. Among 117 patients with clinical T1b-stage cancer, 82 underwent esophagectomy, and 35 received chemoradiotherapy or RT. We compared overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates for each treatment modality. Results The median follow-up time was 32 months (range, 1 to 120 months). The 5-year OS and RFS rates for patients with stage T1a cancer receiving endoscopic resection were 100% and 85%, respectively. For patients with stage T1b, the 5-year OS and RFS rates were 78% and 77%, respectively, for the esophagectomy group; 80% and 44%, respectively, for the RT alone group; and 96% and 80%, respectively, for the chemoradiation group. The esophagectomy group showed significantly higher RFS than the RT alone group (p=0.04). There was no significant difference in RFS between the esophagectomy and chemoradiation groups (p=0.922). Grade 4 or higher treatment-related complications occurred in four patients who underwent esophagectomy. Conclusions Endoscopic resection appeared to be an adequate treatment for patients with T1a-stage esophageal cancer. The multidisciplinary approach involving chemoradiation was comparable to esophagectomy in terms of survival outcome without serious complications for T1b-stage esophageal cancer.
The association between frontal lobe perfusion and depressive symptoms in later life.

BACKGROUND Deficits in frontal lobe perfusion have been demonstrated in late-life depression; however, studies to date have generally involved small numbers, used neuroimaging rather than bedside testing and have not controlled for important covariates.AimsWe aimed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and frontal lobe perfusion during standing, in a large cohort of community-dwelling older people. METHOD Participants aged ≥50 years underwent continuous measurement of orthostatic blood pressure by finometry, and frontal lobe perfusion by near-infrared spectroscopy. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the eight-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Real-time frontal lobe cerebral oxygenation was measured by the Portalite System, detecting changes in frontal lobe perfusion and reporting a tissue saturation index score. RESULTS Almost 8% (209 out of 2616) had clinically significant depressive symptoms. Multilevel models demonstrated a significantly lower tissue saturation index in participants with depressive symptoms at both 60 and 90 s post-stand, with coefficients of -0.43 (95% CI -0.63 to -0.22) and -0.37 (95% CI -0.57 to -0.16), respectively. Controlling for relevant covariates did not significantly attenuate these associations. After addition of systolic blood pressure this association was no longer significant, suggesting lower blood pressure may modify this relationship. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that lower frontal lobe perfusion, related to lower values of baseline systolic blood pressure, is associated with clinically significant depressive symptoms in a cohort of community-dwelling older people. Given the recognised longitudinal association between lower blood pressure and depression in older people, this may represent a potential therapeutic target for prevention of incident depression.Declaration of interestNone.
Effects of Ball Drills and Repeated-Sprint-Ability Training in Basketball Players.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of ball drills and repeated-sprint-ability training during the regular season in basketball players. Methods: A total of 30 players were randomized into 3 groups: ball-drills training (BDT, n = 12, 4 × 4 min, 3 vs 3 with 3-min passive recovery), repeated-sprint-ability training (RSAT, n = 9, 3 × 6 × 20-m shuttle running with 20-s and 4-min recovery), and general basketball training (n = 9, basketball technical/tactical exercises), as control group. Players were tested before and after 8 wk of training using the following tests: V˙O2max , squat jump, countermovement jump, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YIRT1), agility T test, line-drill test, 5-/10-/20-m sprints, and blood lactate concentration. A custom-developed survey was used to analyze players' technical skills. Results: After training, significant improvements were seen in YIRT1 (BDT P = .014, effect size [ES] ± 90% CI = 0.8 ± 0.3; RSAT P = .022, ES ± 90% CI = 0.7 ± 0.3), the agility T test (BDT P = .018, ES ± 90% CI = 0.7 ± 0.5; RSAT P = .037, ES ± 90% CI = 0.7 ± 0.5), and the line-drill test (BDT P = .010, ES ± 90% CI = 0.3 ± 0.1; RSAT P < .0001, ES ± 90% CI = 0.4 ± 0.1). In the RSAT group, only 10-m sprint speeds (P = .039, ES ± 90% CI = 0.3 ± 0.2) and blood lactate concentration (P = .004, ES ± 90% CI = 0.8 ± 1.1) were improved. Finally, technical skills were increased in BDT regarding dribbling (P = .038, ES ± 90% CI = 0.8 ± 0.6), shooting (P = .036, ES ± 90% CI = 0.8 ± 0.8), passing (P = .034, ES ± 90% CI = 0.9 ± 0.3), rebounding (P = .023, ES ± 90% CI = 1.1 ± 0.3), defense (P = .042, ES ± 90% CI = 0.5 ± 0.5), and offense (P = .044, ES ± 90% CI = 0.4 ± 0.4) skills. Conclusions: BDT and RSAT are both effective in improving the physical performance of basketball players. BDT had also a positive impact on technical skills. Basketball strength and conditioning professionals should include BDT as a routine tool to improve technical skills and physical performance simultaneously throughout the regular training season.
Gray matter volume covariance networks associated with dual‐task cost during walking‐while‐talking

We studied gray matter volume covariance networks associated with normal pace walking (NPW) speed and dual‐task costs (DTCs) during walking‐while‐talking (WWT)—a mobility stress test that involves walking while reciting alternate letters of the alphabet. Using a multivariate covariance‐based analytic approach, we identified gray matter networks associated with NPW speed (mean 102.1 cm/s ±22.5 cm/s) and DTC (percent difference in gait speed between NPW and WWT, mean 25.9% ± 18.8%) in 139 older adults without dementia (M = 75.3 ± 6.1 years). The gray matter network associated with NPW was primarily composed of supplementary motor area, precuneus cortex, and the middle frontal gyrus. Greater expression of this NPW network was associated with better processing speed (trail‐making test A [r = −0.30, p = 0.005]) and executive function (trail‐making test B − A [r = −0.43, p < 0.0001]). The gray matter network associated with DTC was primarily composed of medial prefrontal, cingulate, and thalamic regions. Greater expression of this DTC network was associated with better episodic memory performance on the free and cued selective reminding test (r = 0.30, p = 0.007). These results suggest that NPW speed and DTC are supported by different networks, and are associated with different cognitive domains.
Satisfaction and Health Within Four Sexual Identity Relationship Options

Abstract Using a sample of 1,782 same-sex attracted (SSA) and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) identified participants, this study examined similarities and differences among those who are (a) single and celibate (SC); (b) single and not celibate (SNC); (c) in a heterosexual, mixed-orientation relationship (MOR); and (d) in a same-sex relationship (SSR). To reduce bias and increase generalizability, an ideologically diverse research team was formed. Participants in SSRs reported higher levels of some amount of satisfaction with their status (95%) compared to those in MORs (80%), those who are SC (42%) and those who are SNC (40%). The SSR group had the least depression and anxiety and the most life satisfaction and physical health, followed by the MOR group, followed by the two single groups. Results from a stepwise regression predicting satisfaction from important aspects of life and relationships identified that meeting needs for connection, intimacy, and mutual understanding was the strongest predictor of satisfaction across all options. Other significant variables included participant-defined authentic sexual expression, resolving conflicts with religion, and reducing depression and anxiety. Results may inform SSA/LGB individuals who are questioning which option fits best for them and help guide therapists who work with these individuals.
APROVEITAMENTO DA CARNE DA CARCAÇA DE RÃ-TOURO GIGANTE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HAMBÚRGUER

O objetivo deste trabalho foi aproveitar a carne da carcaca da ra-touro gigante (Rana catesbeiana) no desenvolvimento de um produto com valor nutricional e sensorial. Na avaliacao fisico-quimica da carne in natura obtiveram-se os seguintes valores: umidade (79,2%), cinzas (0,2%), proteinas (16,6%), lipidios (0,33%) e calcio (0,01%); enquanto que no produto desenvolvido (hamburguer) obtiveram-se os seguintes valores: umidade (76,3%), cinzas (2,8%), proteinas (12,6%), lipidios (0,1%) e calcio (0,02%). Todos os parâmetros analisados na avaliacao microbiologica foram negativos, demonstrando que o procedimento higienico foi satisfatorio durante a manipulacao e desenvolvimento do produto final. O indice de aceitabilidade do hamburguer na analise sensorial foi de 88,4%.
Femur length parameters in fetuses with Down syndrome†

Abstract Objective: To characterize the natural history of femur length (FL) parameters across gestation in Down syndrome fetuses. Methods: Retrospective review of singletons with fetal Down syndrome delivered at our institution between January 2009 and December 2015. We assessed FL <3rd percentile for gestational age, femur length/abdominal circumference (FL/AC) ratio below 20%, and FL lag, defined as difference in weeks between obstetric gestational age and gestational age corresponding to measured FL. Ultrasound data were grouped into 6-week intervals, with initial examination at each interval selected for analysis. Relationship between FL parameters and small for gestational age (SGA) infant was evaluated. Results: During the study period, 173 pregnancies with fetal Down syndrome had 310 sonograms and subsequent delivery. Prior to 22 weeks, FL <3rd percentile occurred in 38 (26%), and FL/AC ratio below 20% occurred in 73 (51%). At each ultrasound interval, FL/AC ratio below 20% was more prevalent than FL <3rd percentile (all p<.05). Proportion with FL and FL/AC below these thresholds did not vary across gestation (all p>.05). However, FL lag increased from <1 week in the early second trimester to almost 3 weeks ≥ 34 weeks (p<.001). SGA Down syndrome infants were not more likely to have FL <3rd percentile or FL/AC ratio below 20% than their non-SGA counterparts. Conclusion: Among Down syndrome fetuses, FL/AC ratio below 20% was approximately twice as common as FL <3rd percentile, regardless of gestational age. Neither parameter was associated with SGA. With advancing gestation, degree of FL lag progressively increased.
Atopy in chronic rhinosinusitis: impact on quality of life outcomes

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), in particular with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), has been linked with skewed T‐helper 2 and immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated allergic responses. The role of atopy in CRS, however, remains unclear. Correlations between immunological allergic markers and patient‐reported outcomes measures (PROMs) were investigated.
Mental health of older widows and widowers: Which coping strategies are most protective?

Abstract I examine: whether specific emotion-focused coping and help-seeking strategies adopted by older widow(er)s 6 months postloss affect depressive, anger, and yearning symptoms 1 year later; whether these effects are accounted for by psychosocial factors which guide the selection of coping strategies; and the extent to which patterns differ by gender. I estimate nested multivariate OLS regression models using data from the Changing Lives of Older Couples, a prospective multiwave survey of spousal bereavement (N = 164). Widows are more likely to use positive reframing, active distraction, help-seeking, and turning to God for strength, whereas widowers tend to use avoidant strategies, and are more likely to seek connection with their late spouse. Avoidant strategies like trying to forget and dulling the pain with alcohol increase depressive and anger symptoms; substance use is particularly consequential for men’s anger symptoms. Positive reframing increases depressive symptoms yet mitigates against anger. Seeking comfort from God also protects against anger. Seeking help from a doctor increases anger and depressive symptoms in baseline models, although effects are accounted for by selection. Maladaptive coping strategies are linked with anger, whereas depression and yearning are relatively immune to coping strategies, reflecting the relatively short-lived time course of these two symptoms. The results carry implications for bereavement theories and mental health interventions targeting older widow(er)s. Older widowers who cope by turning to unhealthy behaviors are especially prone to anger, which has documented physical health effects and may alienate potential sources of social support.
USA dental health providers’ role in HPV vaccine communication and HPV-OPC protection: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Background. Improving human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination coverage in the US will require healthcare providers to recommend the vaccine more effectively. To inform quality improvement efforts, we systematically reviewed studies of dental provider communication about HPV vaccination. Methods. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO and JSTOR in August 2018 to identify studies of dental provider knowledge, perceived role and communication about HPV, HPV vaccination and HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-OPC). Results. We identified 10 qualitative and quantitative studies. Results of the primarily descriptive studies showed that although there were some deficiencies in knowledge about HPV-related outcomes and its effect on the male population, most providers understand HPV as a sexually transmitted infection and know the HPV vaccine is available, yet many are not discussing the HPV-OPC link or recommending vaccination. Providers were less often to recommend HPV vaccination if they were uncomfortable discussing sex, perceived parents as hesitant, or believed patients to be low risk. Studies reported mixed results on providers’ perceived role in expanded HPV vaccination and HPV-OPC education, but indicated support for the role of professional organizations in promoting awareness. Conclusion. Interventions are needed to help dental providers perceive their role to deliver effective recommendations within the complex communication environment surrounding HPV vaccination and HPV-OPC education.
Attitudes of dental undergraduate students towards patient safety in a UK dental school

OBJECTIVES Patient safety is an important issue in health care. In the United Kingdom, wrong site tooth extraction contributes to a significant proportion of adverse or harmful events, coined "never events. " Therefore, patient safety within the field of dentistry is of paramount importance. This novel study aims to explore the teaching of patient safety to undergraduate dental students and their current attitudes to the subject. METHODS Focus groups were held at Barts' and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL in 2018 to ascertain the views and opinions of thirteen third-year dental undergraduate students. RESULTS Thematic analysis was performed on verbatim transcripts. Key themes were highlighted. All students could provide a complete definition of patient safety and of "never events," with examples. There was a strong emphasis upon awareness of one's own competence and the need for effective communication to maintain patient safety. Small group teaching and the requirement for standardization of teaching were encouraged. The challenge of incorporation of the patient safety concept into the clinical routine without causing repetition during teaching was highlighted. CONCLUSION The results show a positive attitude towards the concept and the teaching of patient safety. All students understood patient safety concepts and techniques used to prevent adverse or harmful events. This study proves that teaching on the subject was thought to be of value. It is crucial that the teaching of patient safety is introduced and built upon within the early years of dental undergraduate training so that its practice becomes second nature.
Increased Expression of MicroRNA‐206 Inhibits Potassium Voltage‐Gated Channel Subfamily A Member 5 in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells and Is Related to Exaggerated Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Following Intrauterine Growth Retardation in Rats

Background Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is related to pulmonary artery hypertension in adults, and microRNA‐206 (miR‐206) is proposed to affect the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) via post‐transcriptional regulation. Methods and Results In an IUGR rat model, we found that the expression and function of potassium voltage‐gated channel subfamily A member 5 (Kv1.5) in PASMCs was inhibited, and pulmonary artery hypertension was exaggerated after chronic hypoxia (CH) treatment as adults. microRNA expression was investigated in PASMCs from 12‐week‐old male IUGR rats with CH by microarray, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. The expression levels of Kv1.5 in primary cultured PASMCs and pulmonary artery smooth muscle from IUGR or control rats were evaluated with and without application of an miR‐206 inhibitor. Right ventricular systolic pressure, cell proliferation, luciferase reporter assay, and IK v were also calculated. We found increased expression of miR‐206 in resistance pulmonary arteries of IUGR rats at 12 weeks compared with newborns. Application of an miR‐206 inhibitor in vivo or in vitro increased expression of Kv1.5 α‐protein and KCNA5. Also, decreased right ventricular systolic pressure and cell proliferation were observed in PASMCs from 12‐week‐old control and IUGR rats after CH, while inhibitor did not significantly affect control and IUGR rats. Conclusions These results suggest that expression of Kv1.5 and 4‐aminopyridine (Kv channel special inhibitor)‐sensitive Kv current were correlated with the inhibition of miR‐206 in PA rings of IUGR‐CH rats and cultured IUGR PASMCs exposed to hypoxia. Thus, miR‐206 may be a trigger for induction of exaggerated CH–pulmonary artery hypertension of IUGR via Kv1.5.
Incidence and Etiology of Stroke among Hospitalized Children: A Case-Series Study

Objectives Stroke is a sudden blockage or rupture of brain vessels resulting neural defect or impairment. We aimed to investigate the incidence and causes of stroke in hospitalized children (Tehran-Iran, 2008-2013). Materials & Methods This case series study was carried out in pediatric ward of tertiary care Vali-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospitals Complex (Tehran- Iran) from 2008 to 2013. One month to 15 yr old admitted children due to stroke were enrolled into this case series study. Diagnosis was confirmed with brain imaging. Participants' demographic data, potential risk factors and neuroimaging findings were obtained from Hospital Reporting System. Recorded data were studied and considered regarding the incidence of stroke and its causes. Indeed we investigated cardiological causes as well as different items related to hematological disorders. Results Of 20000 admitted subjects in Imam Hospital during 5 yr, stroke was diagnosed in 15 cases. The incidence among the population study was 0.75 per 100000 children. Stroke was more frequent in males than females (1.141). The most common age of stroke was 4-6 yr and the mean age of stroke was 58.8 months equal to 4.9 year. The most frequent stroke was hemorrhagic stroke (26%), followed by vascular (20%) and coagulopathy disorders (20%). Conclusion The incidence of stroke in children was 0.75 per 100000. Hemorrhagic stroke due to major trauma, coagulopathy and vasculopathy were observed as most frequent causes that necessitate implementing some strategies for prevention, earlier diagnosis, and treatment.
Comparative analysis of retropupillary iris claw versus scleral-fixated intraocular lens in the management of post-cataract aphakia

Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes and complications between the eyes receiving retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens (IOL) and scleral-fixated IOL (SFIOL) for post-cataract aphakia. Methods: Medical records of consecutive patients who had iris claw IOL and SFIOL surgery from January 2010 to March 2015, with > 1 year of follow up were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical technique was based on individual surgeon preference. The best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), previous surgery, surgical technique, and complications were analyzed. Results: Retropupillary iris claw IOL was fixated in 48 eyes (46%) and SFIOL was performed in 56 eyes. Iris claw was performed more frequently at the time of primary cataract surgery (56%) compared to SFIOL (14%) (P < 0.001). At 1 month postoperative, BCDVA was significantly better in the SFIOL group [0.7 ± 0.5 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) in iris claw vs. 0.3 ± 0.2 logMAR in SFIOL, P < 0.001] but this difference did not persist at 1 year (0.4 ± 0.4 logMAR in iris claw vs. 0.3 ± 0.2 logMAR in SFIOL, P = 0.56). Eyes with iris claw IOL experienced significantly more postoperative iritis (17%), intraocular pressure spikes (10%), and ovalization of the pupil (16%). Conclusion: Retropupillary iris claw IOL fixation is as safe as SFIOL for visual rehabilitation of post-cataract aphakia. Visual rehabilitation following iris claw IOL might take longer than SFIOL. Ovalization of the pupil is the commonest adverse effect reported with this type of IOL design.
Comparative study of trait emotional intelligence and executive functioning among youth

Abstract This study investigated the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (TEI) and executive skills (ESs), and the differences between TEI and ESs among Malaysian and Iranian youths. In this study, 226 Malaysians and 248 Iranians completed the TEIQue-SF and Executive Skills Questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicated that TEI had significant predictions on ESs, depending on cultural contexts. Significant differences were found in the effects of TEI on ESs, including emotional control, metacognition, goal-directed persistence, response inhibition, planning/prioritization, sustained attention, stress tolerance, task initiation, and working memory among Malaysian and Iranian youth. No significant difference was found in the effects of TEI on ESs, including flexibility, organization, and time management across both groups. This study makes a unique contribution to emotional intelligence and executive functioning research literature by considering several ESs at the same time for personal development and promoting healthier lives. Comparison of the effect of TEI on ESs in the Malaysian and Iranian contexts using advanced analysis methods is one of the most important methodological contributions of the study.
Treatment of induction in resectable NSCLC with chemotherapy, followed by surgery and erlotinib.

We have carefully read the article by Dr. Cascone et al . in which they report the results of a phase 2 study evaluating the role of the induction therapy with cisplatin plus docetaxel, followed by a surgery and erlotinib in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study has been registered as NCT00254384 and the data presented in the aforementioned article correspond to long-term efficacy results (1).