Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Picoplankton population dynamics in coastal waters of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

High‐frequency sampling of surface picoplanktonic populations was performed in Villefranche Bay (northwestern Mediterranean Sea) during the first week of July 1996. The evolution of abundance and cell parameters were monitored once per hour by flow cytometry for these populations: Synechococcus cyanobacteria, photosynthetic picoeukaryotes, and heterotrophic bacteria plus Prochlorococcus. Some parameters, such as the right‐angle light scatter of Synechococcus and picoeukaryotes, or the red chlorophyll fluorescence of picoeukaryotes, exhibited a very clear 24‐h diel periodicity. For other parameters, such as Synechococcus red chlorophyll fluorescence, it was necessary to perform a Fourier analysis to establish a major 24‐h period unambiguously. This analysis also revealed that some other parameters, however, such as the cell concentration, right‐angle light scatter, and red chlorophyll fluorescence of picoeukaryotes, or the red chlorophyll and orange phycoerythrin fluorescence of Synechococcus, had a period of 17–18 h, corresponding to the inertial frequency at this latitude. The cell cycle of Synechococcus, sampled twice per hour, was synchronized with the daily light cycle, allowing an estimate of their growth rate, which averaged 0.95 d−l (SD = 0.16, n = 7). Its large day‐to‐day variability was related to the duration of the interval between the maxima of S and G2 phases that ranged from 2 to 3.5 hours. Generally, the division rate was depressed on sunny days, The loss rate of Synechococcus was in general lower than the division rate and appeared to follow the evolution of the latter with a 1‐d lag, as if grazers or viruses adapted very rapidly to changes in division rates. Over the period of study, concentrations of Synechococcus and other bacteria were significantly correlated (r2 = 0.60, p < 0.01, n = 340), suggesting the possibility of a common controlling factor for these populations, e.g., phosphorus or grazing.
Consumer preferences for meat: self-service counter or service counter?

Many people view animal welfare standards in the agricultural industry as critical and some consumers would prefer to buy high welfare meat. In order to successfully introduce high welfare meat products onto the market, some important marketing decisions must be made. Due to limited shelf space, niche products like high welfare meat cannot be placed both at the self-service counter and at the service counter. In order to analyze where to place it best an online survey of 642 German consumers was conducted. By means of factor and cluster analyses, consumers’ animal welfare attitudes and their preference for a point of purchase were combined. The different target groups were combined using cross tabulation analysis. The results show that consumers in the target group show a more positive attitude to the service counter.
New Kohn-Sham density functional based on microscopic nuclear and neutron matter equations of state

The work was supported in part by MICINN Grants No. FPA2009-08958, No. FIS2009-07277, and No. FPA2008-03865-E/IN2P3 and by the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 program CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MULTIDARK CSD2009-00064. X.V. also acknowledges the support from Grants No. FIS2008-01661 (Spain and FEDER) and No. 2009SGR-1289 (Spain). Support by CompStar, a Research Networking Programme of the European Science Foundation, is also acknowledged
INTERNAL ROTATION OF THE RED-GIANT STAR KIC 4448777 BY MEANS OF ASTEROSEISMIC INVERSION

We study the dynamics of the stellar interior of the early red-giant star KIC 4448777 by asteroseismic inversion of 14 splittings of the dipole mixed modes obtained from Kepler observations. In order to overcome the complexity of the oscillation pattern typical of red-giant stars, we present a procedure to extract the rotational splittings from the power spectrum. We find not only that the core rotates from a minimum of 8 to a maximum of 17 times faster than the surface, confirming previous inversion results generated for other red giants (Deheuvels et al.), but we also estimate the variation of the angular velocity within the helium core with a spatial resolution of 0.001R and verify the hypothesis of a sharp discontinuity in the inner stellar rotation. The results show that the entire core rotates rigidly and provide evidence for an angular velocity gradient around the base of the hydrogen-burning shell; however, we do not succeed in characterizing the rotational slope, due to the intrinsic limits of the applied techniques. The angular velocity, from the edge of the core, appears to decrease with increasing distance from the center, reaching an average value in the convective envelope of 68 ± 22 nHz. We conclude that a set of data that includes only dipolar modes is sufficient to infer quite accurately the rotation of a red giant not only in the dense core but also, with a lower level of confidence, in part of the radiative region and in the convective envelope.
Time to onset and time to resolution of extrapyramidal symptoms in patients with exacerbated schizophrenia treated with 3-monthly vs once-monthly paliperidone palmitate

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of 3-monthly paliperidone palmitate (PP3M) vs once-monthly paliperidone palmitate (PP1M) treatment with regard to extrapyramidal symptom (EPS)-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in patients with schizophrenia, previously stabilized on PP1M treatment. Patients and methods Data on overall incidence, time to onset (TTO), and time to resolution (TTR) of EPS-related TEAEs (overall, subclasses such as dyskinesia, dystonia, hyperkinesia, parkinsonism, and tremor) from a randomized double-blind (DB) non-inferiority study were compared between PP3M and PP1M. Subgroup analysis was performed by age (18–25, 26–50, and 50+ years) and final open-label (OL) dose (50/75, 100, and 150 mg eq.). Results Overall incidence of spontaneously reported EPS-related TEAEs decreased from 12.6% (PP1M) in OL phase to 8.3% (PP3M) and 7.4% (PP1M) in the DB phase; overall median TTO and TTR values were comparable between both groups. Among patients with reported EPS-related TEAEs, the median TTO for all EPS-related TEAEs was 17 days (PP1M) in OL phase and 115 days (PP3M) and 98.5 days (PP1M) in DB phase; median TTR was 36.5 days (PP1M) in OL phase and 91 days (PP3M) and 85.5 days (PP1M) in DB phase. No clear dose- or age-related differences in TTO and TTR of EPS-related TEAEs were noted. Conclusion Despite differences in apparent half-life and pharmacokinetic profiles (peak plasma exposure of PP3M formulation is 70% higher than that of PP1M formulation), both PP3M and PP1M formulations exhibited comparable incidence of EPS-related TEAEs, TTO, and TTR in patients with schizophrenia.
Improving SME competitiveness through Lean : Value creation and appropriation perspective

Lean focuses on creating value while reducing waste. Although frequently overlooked, capturing value is equally important especially for resource-starved SMEs. Drawing on a multidisciplinary literature review of ‘customer value’ and ‘mechanisms of value creation and capture’, this paper aims to develop an integrated framework for Lean value management within SMEs.
'Fragmented Belonging' on Russia's Western Frontier and Local Government Development in Karelia

Karelia is a forestry-rich region on Russia’s Northwestern frontier. This article shows how institutional arrangements for local government were a product of contending efforts of Western donors and other transnational actors, the federal and regional governments, as well as municipalities. Russia’s federal recentralizing reforms and broader authoritarian context notwithstanding, Karelia illustrates how the choice of local institutions, as well as ideas about representation and citizenship are increasingly shaped by actors beyond the central state. Borrowing insights from Joel Migdal and Jesse Ribot, it argues that the result is shifting cognitive boundaries and ‘fragmented belonging’ (Ribot 2007) or multiple reference points of local citizens in a dynamic process of contestation and re-contestation of citizenship.
Psychometric Validation of the Toronto Mindfulness Scale – Trait Version in Chinese College Students

The Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS; Lau et al., 2006) has been widely used to assess the state mindfulness of participants after practicing mindfulness. Recently, a trait version of the Toronto Mindfulness Scale was developed and initially validated (TMS-T; Davis et al., 2009). We further examined the psychometric properties of TMS-T using three hundred and sixty-eight Chinese college students (233 females and 135 males) from a public university in Hong Kong. We found that factor analyses failed to support the existence of two-dimensional structure of the Chinese version of the TMS-T (C-TMS-T). The model fit indices indicated a marginal model fit, and the concurrent and convergent validities of the C-TMS-T were not confirmed. The moderate item-to-subscale fit of the decentering subscale indicated that its structural validity was not satisfactory. In addition, the internal consistency coefficient of the decentering subscale using composite reliability (p = .61) was under the acceptable level. Based on the results, we concluded that the application of the C-TMS-T to the Chinese population is premature. Further validation of the C-TMS-T using another sample of participants is recommended, in particular, individuals with meditation experiences.
Analysis of Bifenthrin Degrading Bacteria from Rhizosphere of Plants Growing at Tannery Solid Waste

Bifenthrin is an insecticide which is used to control insects, mites, and ticks. It poses a solemn en-vironmental threat and health risk to living organisms. It may be bioaccumulated or biomagnified at different trophic levels in the food chain by biota. Microbes are hidden creature of earth’s biodiversity. For isolation of bifenthrin degrading bacteria, rhizospheric soil samples of plants like Pisum sativum, Triticun aestvum, Chenopodium album were taken from tannery solid waste, Kasur, Pakistan. Enrichment culture techniques were used for the isolation of bacterial strains that showed luxurious growth on minimal growth media with bifenthrin dose was selected for biodegradation study. Bacteria were further screened out based on their morphological, biochemical parameters and degradation efficiency. Furthermore the effect of different growth factors like temperature, pH, inoculum concencentration, minimal inhibitory concentration of heavy metals and antibiotics were also studied. Bacterial strains of Xanthomonas and Bacillus sp. were identified as efficient degrading microbes. Maximum bifenthrin utilization were observed at 25°C (pH 7), with 500 μL inoculum of Bacillus sp. , while Xanthomonas sp. gave optimm utilization at 30°C (pH 7) at the same inoculum volume of bacteria. The Rf values of Bacillus sp. and Xanthomonas sp. were 0.91 and 0.90 respectively, which indicated their potential to metabolize bifenthrin into nontoxic forms. These strains can be used to clean up the sites polluted with pesticides and tannery wastes when present in rhizosphere of plants.
Livelihoods, poverty and targeting in the Indo-Gangetic Plains: A spatial mapping approach

This study develops a spatial mapping methodology as a tool to guide priority-setting and targeting of poverty-alleviation activities. It applies this tool to the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia, the target domain of the Rice-Wheat Consortium (RWC). It draws on secondary data for 18 quantitative, spatially-explicit variables at the district level, which serve as indicators of poverty levels based on the five livelihood capitals of the sustainable livelihoods approach: natural, social, human, physical, and financial. The study details the methodology used and generates spatial poverty maps for composite indicators for each of the five categories of livelihood assets, as well as an overall livelihood asset index. The overall livelihood asset index showed a significant and strong negative correlation (R = -0.65) with the more conventional monetary method for assessing poverty. Research and development implications are then explored. ISBN: 978-970-648-156-6 AGROVOC descriptors: Agricultural research; Poverty; Production economics; Food production; Food policies; Methods; Technology AGRIS category codes: E10 Agricultural Economics and Policies A50 Agricultural Research Dewey decimal classification: 338.16
2 Individual Swing Equation and its Piecewise Linearization 2 . 1 Swing Equations in Multimachine Networks and Reduction

By phase plane partitioning, dynamics of individual generators in multimachine systems are approximately represented by means of a sequence of linear time-invariant (LTI) state-space equations, based on which various static VAR compensators (SVC) are designed to stabilize the individual generators by exploiting the well-known LTI stabilization techniques. More precisely, we work out state feedback controlled SVCs through pole assignment and least quadratic regulation, respectively. The suggested SVCs can also accommodate transient and steady-state performance specification on the generator’s dynamics, besides stabilization. Numeric examples clearly illustrate efficacy and convenience of the stabilization techniques.
FORCE-VELOCITY-POWER PROFILES OF ELITE SPRINTERS: INTER-AND INTRA-INDIVIDUAL DETERMINANTS OF PERFORMANCE

Elite athletes are underrepresented in scientific research and evidence from group-based studies may not be applicable to individual elite athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate mechanical determinants of sprint performance in elite sprinters using interand intra-individual approaches. Six elite and six sub-elite sprinters performed maximal effort sprint acceleration trials and their force-velocity-power profiles were computed. Theoretical maximum velocity, power and the ratio of force were greater in the elite than the sub-elite athletes. Within the elite group, individuals achieved their fastest times through greater theoretical maximum horizontal force with only small differences in theoretical maximum velocity between the best and worst trials. Practitioners should consider these intraindividual data when coaching and programming for elite athletes.
Physical properties of the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites as inferred from Mini‐TES–derived thermal inertia

[1] The Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES) on board the two Mars Exploration Rovers provides the first opportunity to observe thermal properties from the Martian surface, relate these properties to orbital data, and perform soil conductivity experiments under Martian conditions. The thermal inertias of soils, bedforms, and rock at each landing site were derived to quantify the physical properties of these features and understand geologic processes occurring at these localities. The thermal inertia for the Gusev plains rock target Bonneville Beacon (∼1200 J m−2 K−1 s−1/2) is consistent with a dense, basaltic rock, but the rocks at the Columbia Hills have a lower thermal inertia (∼620 J m−2 K−1 s−1/2), suggesting that they have a volcaniclasic origin. Bedforms on the floors of craters at both landing sites have thermal inertias of 200 J m−2 K−1 s−1/2, consistent with a particle diameter of ∼160 μm. This diameter is comparable to the most easily moved grain size in the current atmosphere on Mars, suggesting that these bedforms may have formed under current atmospheric conditions. Along the Meridiani plains, the thermal inertia is lower than that derived from TES and Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) orbital data. This discrepancy is not well understood. Mini-TES–derived thermal inertias at Gusev along a ∼2.5 km traverse follow trends in thermal inertia measured from orbit with TES and THEMIS. However, along the traverse, there are variability and mixing of particle sizes that are not resolved in the orbital thermal inertia data due to meter-scale processes that are not identifiable at larger scales.
Startups and Local Social Capital in the Municipalities of Sweden

This paper contains one of the first empirical attempts to investigate the influence of local Entrepreneurial Social Capital on startup propensity. We use a unique database including not only total startups, but data on startups divided in six branches to study the impact of Entrepreneurial social capital on startups per capita. Analyses are performed on all municipalities as well as by municipality type (urban or rural). Entrepreneurial social capital, measured by local firmsâ€™ assessment of local publicsâ€™ attitudes to entrepreneurship seem to exert a positive and significant influence on local startup rates in both urban and rural municipalities in Sweden. When startups are being divided in six branch groups, entrepreneurial social capital keeps its significance for all branches in rural areas, while it stays significant for two of the groups in urban areas. Thus, social capital seems to have a broader and more general impact on startup rates in rural areas. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Startups, Entrepreneurial social capital
Core-collapse supernova progenitor constraints using the spatial distributions of massive stars in local galaxies

We study the spatial correlations between the H$\alpha$ emission and different types of massive stars in two local galaxies, the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Messier 33. We compare these to correlations derived for core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) in the literature to connect CCSNe of different types with the initial masses of their progenitors and to test the validity of progenitor mass estimates which use the pixel statistics method. We obtain samples of evolved massive stars in both galaxies from catalogues with good spatial coverage and/or completeness, and combine them with coordinates of main-sequence stars in the LMC from the SIMBAD database. We calculate the spatial correlation of stars of different classes and spectral types with H$\alpha$ emission. We also investigate the effects of distance, noise and positional errors on the pixel statistics method. A higher correlation with H$\alpha$ emission is found to correspond to a shorter stellar lifespan, and we conclude that the method can be used as an indicator of the ages, and therefore initial masses, of SN progenitors. We find that the spatial distributions of type II-P SNe and red supergiants of appropriate initial mass ($\gtrsim$9 $M_{\odot}$) are consistent with each other. We also find the distributions of type Ic SNe and WN stars with initial masses $\gtrsim$20 $M_{\odot}$ consistent, while supergiants with initial masses around 15 $M_{\odot}$ are a better match for type IIb and II-L SNe. The type Ib distribution corresponds to the same stellar types as type II-P, which suggests an origin in interacting binaries. On the other hand, we find that luminous blue variable stars show a much stronger correlation with H$\alpha$ emission than do type IIn SNe.
Improving Indigenous health through better medication management: an overview

This paper provides an overview of a major South Australian research project with implications for the health of all Indigenous Australians. The researchers set out to explore the medication needs of Aboriginal people with mental health problems and found that most Aboriginal people have to deal with profound challenges to social and emotional wellbeing with significant medication implications. No previous research had investigated the problem of medication use by Aboriginal people in metropolitan, rural and remote locations to the depth and extent of this project. The research therefore is of widespread relevance and holds interest for many Indigenous and non-Indigenous individuals and groups, consumers, service providers and policy-makers. As a research team comprising Indigenous and non-Indigenous members, we were committed to implementing strategies in the course of the project with immediate benefit to project participants as well as longer-term impact on improved use of medications. The design of the project enabled these strategic interventions and we are pleased to promote this model to other researchers. Recommendations from the project concern services, coordination of care, carers and family members, workforce education, and community development. Readers are advised where the project report and other published papers can be accessed. The project was funded by the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing.
Labour Market Effects of Eastern European Migration in Wales

The enlargement of the European Union in May 2004 triggered a relatively large and rapid migration inflow into Wales which was concentrated into narrow areas and occupations. As this inflow was larger and faster than anticipated, it arguably corresponds more closely to an exogenous supply shock than most migration shocks studied in the literature. This helps to some extent to circumvent identification issues arising from simultaneity bias which usually pose difficulties when estimating the effect of migration inflows on the labour market. We found little evidence that the inflow of accession migrants contributed to a fall in wages or a rise in claimant unemployment in Wales between 2004 and 2006. In particular, we found no evidence of an adverse impact on young, female or low-skilled claimant unemployment and no evidence of an adverse impact on the wages of the low-paid. If anything, we found a positive effect on the wages of higher paid workers and some weak evidence of a potentially favourable impact on claimant unemployment.
A posteriori error estimation for semilinear parabolic optimal control problems with application to model reduction by POD

We consider the following problem of error estimation for the optimal control of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations: let an arbitrary admissible control function be given. How far is it from the next locally optimal control? Under natural assumptions including a second-order sufficient optimality condition for the (unknown) locally optimal control, we estimate the distance between the two controls. To do this, we need some information on the lowest eigenvalue of the reduced Hessian. We apply this technique to a model reduced optimal control problem obtained by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The distance between a local solution of the reduced problem to a local solution of the original problem is estimated.
STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA atthias Busse

In this paper, we analyse the role of structural transformation in view of the remarkable growth performance of sub-Saharan African countries since the mid1990s. Our analysis covers 41 African countries over the period 1980 to 2014 and accounts for structural transformation by employing the analytical frameworks of (1) growth decomposition and (2) growth regression. Even though the low-productive agricultural sector continues to employ most of the African workforce, our results reveal that structural transformation has taken place and that it has contributed significantly to African growth in the past decades. JEL-Classification: O11, O13, O47