Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study of pelvic electromagnetic therapy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome with 1 year of followup.

PURPOSE Male chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a condition of uncertain etiology and treatment is often unsatisfactory. There is evidence that the symptom complex may result from pelvic floor muscular dysfunction and/or neural hypersensitivity/inflammation. We hypothesized that the application of electromagnetic therapy may have a neuromodulating effect on pelvic floor spasm and neural hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following full Stamey localization men with National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases category III prostatitis were prospectively randomized to receive active electromagnetic or placebo therapy. Active therapy consisted of 15 minutes of pelvic floor stimulation at a frequency of 10 Hz, followed by a further 15 minutes at 50 Hz, twice weekly for 4 weeks. Patients were evaluated at baseline, 3 months and 1 year after treatment using validated visual analog scores. RESULTS A total of 21 men with a mean age of 47.8 years (range 25 to 67) were analyzed. Mean symptom scores decreased significantly in the actively treated group at 3 months and 1 year (p <0.05), unlike the placebo group, which showed no significant change (p >0.05). Subanalysis of those receiving active treatment showed that the greatest improvement was in pain related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The novel use of pelvic floor electromagnetic therapy may be a promising new noninvasive option for chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for hemangiomas and ependymomas of the spinal cord.

OBJECT The optimal treatment for intramedullary spinal tumors is controversial, because both resection and conventional radiation therapy are associated with potential morbidity. Stereotactic radiosurgery can theoretically deliver highly conformal, high-dose radiation to surgically untreatable lesions while simultaneously mitigating radiation exposure to large portions of the spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the authors' initial experience with frameless stereotactic radiosurgery for intramedullary spinal tumors. METHODS Between 1998 and 2003, 10 intramedullary spinal tumors were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery at the authors' institution. Seven hemangioblastomas and three ependymomas were treated in four men and three women. These patients either had recurrent tumors, had undergone several previous surgeries, had medical contraindications to surgery, or had declined open resection. Conformal treatment planning delivered a prescribed dose of 1800 to 2500 cGy (mean 2100 cGy) to the lesions in one to three stages. No significant treatment-related complications have been recorded. The mean radiographic and clinical follow-up duration was 12 months (range 1-24 months). One ependymoma and two hemangioblastomas were smaller on follow-up neuroimaging. The remaining tumors were stable at the time of follow-up imaging. CONCLUSIONS Stereotactic radiosurgery for intramedullary spinal tumors is feasible and safe in selected cases and may prove to be another therapeutic option for these challenging lesions.
Effects of a psychiatric label on medical residents’ attitudes

Background: Few data are available on the effects of a psychiatric label on medical residents’ attitudes towards an individual. Aims: To investigate the effect of a psychiatric label on the attitudes of medical residents towards an individual. Methods: Medical residents were randomly assigned to one of two vignettes describing the same apparently healthy person, differing only in the presence of a psychiatric label for one of them. Participants (N = 322) reported their attitudes towards the described individual and their willingness to treat this person. Results: Residents allocated to the psychiatric-diagnostic label group reported being less at ease with becoming the individual’s nextdoor neighbour, working in the same place, sharing a house, having him look after their children, having a member of their family date him, having their finances run by the individual, less willing to become friends with the described individual and more uneasy having to examine him the next time he visits the emergency room. Conclusion: Implementing effective programmes to combat stigma in the curriculum of medical residents appears to be needed.
Why Common Core? Educational Standards, the Legislative Process, and Best Practices, with a Unit Design Aligned to the Common Core State Standards, by a Teacher, for Teachers

This thesis project was created with two major focuses. The first is to provide insight on educational standards. This includes national versus state standards, international assessments and the implications, and the adoption of the Common Core State Standards. Second, this project shares best practices for implementing the Common Core State Standards, and includes a unit design in surface area and volume in 7 grade mathematics, which is aligned to those standards.
Long-term efficiency of infliximab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: real life data confirm the potential for dose reduction

Objective To analyse the treatment outcome of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the European AS infliximab cohort (EASIC) study after a total period of 8 years with specific focus on dosage and the duration of intervals between infliximab infusions. Methods EASIC included patients with AS who had received infliximab for 2 years as part of the ASSERT trial. After that period, rheumatologists were free to change the dose or the intervals of infliximab. Clinical data were status at baseline, end of ASSERT and for a total of 8 years of follow-up. Results Of the initially 71 patients with AS from EASIC, 55 patients (77.5%) had completed the 8th year of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment. Of those, 48 patients (87.3%) still continued on infliximab. The mean infusion interval increased slightly from 6 to 7.1±1.5 weeks, while 45.8% patients had increased the intervals up to a maximum of 12 weeks. The mean infliximab dose remained stable over time, with a minimum of 3.1 mg/kg and a maximum of 6.4 mg/kg. In patients receiving <5 mg/kg infliximab, the mean infusion interval increased to 7.0±1.2 weeks. In total, the mean cumulative dose per patient and per year decreased from 3566.30 to 2973.60 mg. Conclusions We could observe that over a follow-up of 8 years of treatment with infliximab, >85% patients still remained on the same treatment, without any major safety events. Furthermore, both the infusion intervals and also the mean infliximab dose were modestly reduced in ≥70% of the patients without the loss of clinical efficiency.
Off-label use of antipsychotics and associated factors in community living older adults*

ABSTRACT Background: Given the common off-label use of antipsychotics (AP), we aimed to assess the factors associated with this use in community living older adults. Methods: The study sample consisted of a large representative sample of older adults (n = 4108), covered under a public drug insurance plan in Canada. Off-label use of antipsychotics was defined by the absence of an approved indication for this use, according to Health Canada's drug product database. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with off-label use. Results: The prevalence of antipsychotics use was 2.5%, of which 78% was off-label. Compared to non-use, off-label antipsychotics use was negatively associated with advanced age (≥75 vs. 65–74 years old) (OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.27–0.78); and positively associated with higher education level (OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.64–4.40), higher number of outpatient visits (≥6) (OR: 2.39; 95%CI: 1.34–4.25), antidepressant or benzodiazepine use (OR: 5.81; 95%CI: 3.31–10.21), and the presence of an organic brain syndrome & Alzheimer's (OR: 5.73; 95%CI: 1.74–18.89). Compared to labeled use, off-label use was less likely in those with major depression (OR: 0.02; 95%CI: <0.01–0.11) and with insomnia (OR: 0.13; 95%CI: 0.02–0.91). Conclusions: The majority of antipsychotics prescribed to community living older adults were off-label. This off-label use was more likely in complex clinical cases with multiple outpatient visits and other psychotropic drugs use. Further research should focus on the long-term effects associated with off-label use of antipsychotics.
Has Instagram Fundamentally Altered the 'Family Snapshot'?

This paper considers how parents use the social media platform Instagram to facilitate the capture, curation and sharing of 'family snapshots'. Our work draws upon established cross-disciplinary literature relating to film photography and the composition of family albums in order to establish whether social media has changed the way parents visually present their families. We conducted a qualitative visual analysis of a sample of 4,000 photographs collected from Instagram using hashtags relating to children and parenting. We show that the style and composition of snapshots featuring children remains fundamentally unchanged and continues to be dominated by rather bland and idealised images of the happy family and the cute child. In addition, we find that the frequent taking and sharing of photographs via Instagram has inevitably resulted in a more mundane visual catalogue of daily life. We note a tension in the desire to use social media as a means to evidence good parenting, while trying to effectively manage the social identity of the child and finally, we note the reluctance of parents to use their own snapshots to portray family tension or disharmony, but their willingness to use externally generated content for this purpose.
N-(3-Chlorophenyl)benzamide

The conformation of the N—H bond in the structure of the title compound (N3CPBA), C13H10ClNO, is anti to the meta chloro substituent in the aniline benzene ring, similar to that observed with respect to the ortho chloro substituent in N-(2-chlorophenyl)benzamide (N2CPBA) and meta chloro substituent in N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)benzamide (N34DCPBA), but in contrast to the syn conformation observed with respect to both the ortho and the meta chloro substituents in N-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)benzamide (N23DCPBA). The bond parameters in N3CPBA are similar to those in N-phenylbenzamide, N2CPBA, N23DCPBA, N34DCPBA and other benzanilides. The amide group –NHCO– makes a dihedral angle of 18.2 (2)° with the benzoyl ring, while the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 61.0 (1)°. The molecules are linked into chains along the b axis by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene polymorphisms in childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

PURPOSE To investigate whether transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) gene polymorphisms have a role in the development, clinical progress, and treatment response in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-five children with acute ITP, 40 children with chronic ITP, and 97 healthy children were enrolled. After genomic DNA was extracted, TGF-beta 1 gene 509 (C-->T), codon 25 (Arg-->Pro), and codon 10 (Leu-->Pro) polymorphisms were studied using a coupled polymerase chain reaction-restriction enzyme digestion method. RESULTS The genotype and allele frequencies of TGF-beta 1 polymorphisms between acute ITP, chronic ITP, and control group did not differ significantly. No significant association was found between TGF-beta 1 polymorphisms and therapy response. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the frequency of TGF-beta1 gene 509 (C-->T), codon 25 (Arg-->Pro), and codon 10 (Leu-->Pro) polymorphisms and alleles do not play a role as a genetic risk factor in the development and clinical progress of ITP. Different results may be obtained with further studies involving larger patient populations and other TGF-beta 1 gene polymorphisms.
The Impacts of Fisheries on Marine Ecosystems and the Transition to Ecosystem-Based Management

Fishing remains one of the largest factors modifying marine ecosystems. Because fisheries constitute only one of many anthropogenic effects, management is shifting from single-species approaches toward ecosystem-based management. Interaction webs are a critical nexus to understand linkages, to model ecosystem change, and to apply management directives. Ecosystem-based management requires consideration of both direct and indirect effects of commercial fisheries. But it must also include impacts of bycatch, recreational fisheries, artisanal fisheries, and environmental change that can be large but unanticipated. Synergistic effects of fishing, environmental variation, and climate change increasingly threaten marine ecosystems and complicate management. Here we review the global effects of fisheries and propose an integrated framework for managing biophysical processes and human ecology. To incorporate the multitude of effects, this emerging approach focuses on the dynamics of interaction webs in a spatially.
Effect of Lambert‐Eaton myasthenic syndrome antibodies on autonomic neurons in the mouse

Somatic muscle weakness and autonomic symptoms characterize the autoimmune Lambert‐Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). The former results from IgG autoantibody–mediated down‐regulation of P/Q‐type voltage‐gated calcium channels at motor nerve terminals and consequent reduction in acetylcholine release; the basis for the autonomic symptoms is unknown. Using ω‐conotoxins GVIA and MVIIC and ω‐agatoxin IVA that block N‐, Q‐, and P‐type channels, we investigated ex vivo the calcium channels subserving transmitter release from postganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the bladder and from postganglionic sympathetic neurons in the vas deferens of mice injected with IgG from LEMS patients or from controls. Calcium influx through N‐, P‐, and Q‐type channels subserved transmitter release from parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons in control mice. In test mice, the component of transmitter release subserved by P‐type channels was abolished by four of four LEMS IgG preparations, that subserved by Q‐type channels was significantly reduced by three, and that subserved by N‐type channels by one. Thus, LEMS IgG impairs transmitter release from parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons through down‐regulation of one or more subtypes of voltage‐gated calcium channels. The results suggest that antibody‐mediated interference with specific ion channel function may also underlie autonomic dysfunction occurring in other autoimmune diseases.
IARC working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans: some industrial chemicals. Lyon, 15-22 February 1994.

Members S.J. Borghoff, CIIT, PO Box 12137, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States J. Caldwell, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Imperial College School of Medicine, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom R.C. Cattley, Amgen, MS-15-2-B, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, United States S. Cordier, Unit of Epidemiological and Statistical Research on the Environment and Health, INSERM–U 170, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France N. Danford, Microptic Cytogenetic Services, 2 Langland Close, Mumbles, Swansea SA3 4LY, United Kingdom P.A. Demers, School of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, 3rd floor, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3, Canada T.A. Dragani, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy J.K. Dunnick, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States E. Dybing, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, Postboks 4404 Torshov, 0403 Oslo, Norway (Chairman) E. Elovaara, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland L.R. Ferguson, Auckland Cancer Society, Research Centre, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1000, New Zealand L. Fishbein, 4320 Ashford Lane, Fairfax, VA 22032, United States M. Gérin, University of Montréal, Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, CP 6128–Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada (Vice-Chairman) G.C. Hard, American Health Foundation, 1 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States IARC WORKING GROUP ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC RISKS TO HUMANS: SOME INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS
Predicted chemical warfare agent VX toxicity to uniformed soldier using parathion in vitro human skin exposure and absorption.

Chemical warfare agents (CWA) are easily and inexpensively produced and are a significant threat to military forces and the public. Most well-known CWAs are organophosphorus compounds, a number or which are used as pesticides, including parathion. This study determined the in vitro percutaneous absorption of parathion as a CWA simulant through naked human skin and uniformed skin (dry and sweated). Parathion percentage dose absorbed through naked skin (1.78 +/- 0. 41) was greater than dry uniformed skin (0.29 +/- 0.17; p = 0.000) and sweated uniformed skin (0.65 +/- 0.16; p = 0.000). Sweated and dry uniformed skin absorption were also different (p = 0.007). These relative dry and sweated uniformed skin absorptions were then applied to VX skin permeability for naked skin (head, neck, arms, and hands) and the remaining uniformed skin over the various regions of the human body. Risk assessment shows VX 50% lethality within the first hour for a soldier wearing a sweated uniform. By 8 h postexposure to naked skin plus trunk area predicted lethality for both dry and sweated uniform, and, at 96 h postexposure, all body regions individually exposed would produce lethality. Military uniform and public clothing provide some immediate protection but absorption through cloth and skin does occur. Immediate safety response to skin and clothing is required.
Clinical anatomy of ligamentum nuchae

In view of the disparities in the anatomical, clinical, and biomechanical literature this study was undertaken to reappraise the gross anatomy of ligamentum nuchae with the objective of providing an accurate anatomical basis for biomechanical studies and for clinical theories and practices. Ligamentum nuchae was studied by gross dissection in ten embalmed human adult cadavers and was found to be comprised of two structures: a dorsal raphe and a midline fascial septum. The dorsal raphe was formed by the interweaving of the right and left upper trapezius, splenius capitis, and rhomboid minor. It spanned the cervical spine and was firmly attached to the external occipital protuberance and to the spinous process of C7. The fascial septum consisted of dense connective tissue and ran ventrally from the midline raphe to be confluent with the interspinous ligaments and atlanto‐axial and atlanto‐occipital membranes. These findings agree with those anatomical descriptions that portray ligamentum nuchae as a two‐part structure but not with those studies in which it is characterized as a strong ligament attaching to all cervical spinous processes. Importantly, the findings of this study emphasize the need for clinical and biomechanical literature to portray the gross anatomy of ligamentum nuchae accurately. Clin. Anat. 16:484–493, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NETWORK ORGANIZATIONS AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Network organizations largely determine the competitive advantage today. Collaboration between companies and their success is based primarily on the image and trust. The network relations management is included in the supply chain, and the more complicated the chain, the more " fuzzy " the responsibility for the external effects of the business. In practice, network relationships result in numerous abuses, mostly in relations with competitors, customers and clients. However, it can be assumed that increasing competition, also on the Polish market, will force companies to apply socially responsible practices, also in the context of cooperating with local enterprises. The concept of corporate responsibility (CSR – Corporate Social Responsibility) is, in Polish conditions, a relatively unpopular concept, and the rare practice, especially among domestic enterprises. The situation is different on the Western Europe markets or in the USA. Companies operating in these markets are obliged to adapt the business standards to expectations of various stakeholders, and also contractors. The aim of the article is an attempt to justify the socially responsible practices by companies in today's and future market conditions. In addition, the article aims to describe network connections, different types of these relations, but also various methods and tools of improving existing network relations. In the context of socially responsible business, it seemed important to also analyze the relationships between organizational culture and actual practices taken by companies.
The prevalence and outcome of hypertension in patients with acute coronary syndrome in six Middle-Eastern countries

Abstract Aims. The aim was to report the prevalence and significance of hypertension (HTN) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods and major findings. Over a 6-month period in 2007, 8171 consecutive patients (49.4% hypertensive and 50.6% non-hypertensive) presenting with ACS were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter study from six Middle Eastern adjacent countries. Patients with HTN were older (59.2 vs 53.1 years, p<0.001), and more likely to be female (34% vs 14.4%, p<0.001) when compared with patients without HTN. Patients with HTN were also more likely to have diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cerebrovascular disease, prior history of coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease but less likely to be cigarette smokers. At admission, HTN patients had higher Killip class, heart rate and GRACE risk scoring. In-hospital mortality was higher in hypertensive patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but not in patients with non-STEMI or unstable angina. The incidence of heart failure complications was significantly higher among patients with HTN in overall ACS type (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.001–1.338, p= 0.04). Main conclusion. In this large cohort of patients with ACS, HTN was an independent predictor of heart failure and was associated with an increased rate of in-hospital mortality in STEMI only.
Informal Strategic Networks and the Board of Directors

This paper contributes to the understanding of small firms directorates in developing informal strategic networks. These networks are of great importance to small firms, and directorates may play a central role in creating, maintaining, and influencing external contacts of importance to the firm. In a field survey of 104 dual leadership joint stock hotels in Norway and Sweden, associations between board composition, board-management relations, and director incentives, and the boards’ networking involvement have been explored. The study revealed the importance of the directors’ incentives in taking care of the networking functions of contacting and lobbying.