Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of ingratiation on supervisor satisfaction through helping behavior: a moderated mediation model

Purpose: This research intends to investigate the mediating role of helping behavior in relationship between employee ingratiation and supervisor satisfaction across high and low levels of ingratiation behavior, and answers the questions: how, when and why ingratiation is effective. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through questionnaire surveys in hotel industry, and structural equation modelling was applied to analyze these data by using hypothetical-deductive approach. Findings: The results indicate that helping behavior is an important mediator of the relationship between ingratiation and supervisor satisfaction. Moreover, ingratiation is also a strong moderator of the relationship between helping behavior and supervisor satisfaction. This research concludes that employee ingratiation positively predicts helping behaviors, and consequently the supervisor satisfaction. Research limitations/implications: This study is not experimental in nature, but a cross-sectional design has been followed. Future research can focus on an experimental design by incorporating a time element, and the design and analysis should be nested since this study did not use multilevel analysis. Moreover, this study used only two forms of ingratiation for measuring employee ingratiation behavior. We suggest researchers to consider all four dimensions of ingratiation by using some distinct scales. Practical implications: This research explains mechanisms underlying supervisor-subordinate relationship, and contributes to organizational behavior research by answering the question; 'when and how ingratiation could be effective? ' The findings of this study have important managerial implications, and provide future lines of research. Social implications: The findings of this research demonstrate that ingratiation is an important tool for satisfying superiors if employees exhibit helping behaviors towards coworkers and supervisors. Particularly, new employees can benefit from ingratiation to socialize within work organizations. Moreover, existing employees can use ingratiation to establish as well as maintain better social relations with supervisors and colleagues. Originality/value: Previous research emphasized more on customer-directed employee ingratiation but this study offers its contribution by emphasizing coworker as well as supervisor directed employee ingratiation. Moreover, this study measures effectiveness of ingratiation in terms of employee task performance representing supervisor satisfaction.
Comparing Perceptions of Biotechnology in Fresh versus Processed Foods: A Cross-Cultural Study

This study focused on investigating how respondents’ perceptions of biotechnology used in food production differs depending on the level of product transformation (i.e. fresh versus processed food). Using cluster analysis, respondents were clustered into two groups, genetically engineered (GE) tolerant and GE sensitive, based on changes in their perceptions about fresh apples and apple juice produced with and without biotechnology. Comparisons of respondents from six countries were performed to measure relative attitudes about biotech food. In addition, three types of positive information about biotechnology were tested in order to determine what types of information influences respondents’ GE tolerance. Results indicate that respondents were less likely to change their initial health perception for apple juice than for fresh apples when produced from trees that were genetically modified. The residency effect was strong and heterogeneous: respondents of Japan were much more sensitive than respondents of Spain and the United States.
The drivers of real sector growth in Malawi: an empirical investigation

The paper empirically investigates the key macroeconomic determinants of growth in Malawi, using the recently developed ARDL bounds-testing approach. The paper is motivated by the social and economic hardships that Malawi has been facing in recent years. The study reveals that the key macroeconomic determinants that were significantly associated with economic growth include investment, human capital development, population growth, real exchange rate depreciation, inflation, and international trade. We find that, in the short-run, investment, population growth, real exchange rate depreciation, and international trade are positively associated with economic growth, while inflation is negatively associated with economic growth. However, the long-run results reveal that investment, human capital development, and international trade are positively associated with economic growth, while population growth and inflation are negatively associated with economic growth. These results have significant policy implications; since the economic strategies needed to increase economic growth in Malawi should focus on promoting incentives that attract investment, improve the quality of education, reduce population growth, ensure currency and inflation stability, and promote export diversification.
Triacontanol-induced changes in growth, yield, leaf water relations, oxidative defense system, minerals, and some key osmoprotectants in Triticum aestivum under saline conditions

To investigate the effect of exogenous application of triacontanol (TRIA) on 2 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (S-24 and MH-97) under salt stress, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under natural climatic conditions. Both cultivars were grown in full strength Hoagland's nutrient solution under nonsaline (0 mM NaCl) or saline (150 mM NaCl) conditions in sand culture. Three optimized TRIA levels (0, 10, and 20 µM) were used as foliar spray at 3 growth stages, i.e. vegetative, boot, and vegetative + boot stages. Ninety-two-day-old plants were subjected to data analysis. Salinity stress adversely affected various growth, physiological, and biochemical attributes in both wheat cultivars at all growth stages. Under salt stress, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) decreased (cv. MH-97), while those of catalase (CAT) and POD (cv. S-24) increased. Contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), Na+, and Cl- increased in both wheat cultivars at all growth stages. A foliar spray of 10 µM TRIA was more effective in reducing the adverse effects of salt stress on growth, yield, and leaf water relations of wheat plants when applied at the vegetative or vegetative + boot growth stages.
Analysis of 4th Grade Students' Problem Solving Skills in Terms of Several Variables

The aim of this study is to examine if the level of primary school students in solving problems differs according to some demographic variables. The research is descriptive type in the general survey method, it was carried out with quantitative research techniques. The sample of the study consisted of 587 primary school students in Grade 4. The data of the study was obtained by applying "Problem Solving Inventory for Primary School Children",
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Education EFFECT OF CHARACTERISTICS OF PEER RATER ON VALIDITY OF PEER ASSESSMENT IN MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES (MOOC) A Thesis in Educational Psychology by

The present study investigated the effect of the following two characteristics of peer rater on validity of peer assessment in MOOCs: knowledge of course content measured by the assessment and seriousness in making responsible judgments. The extent of participation of MOOC requirements and the course performance are two indicators being used to identify high quality peer raters who have good knowledge of course content; verified certificate registration and rating time are two indicators being used to identify high quality peer raters who demonstrate seriousness judgments. The author attempts to determine whether high quality peer raters can provide more accurate scores than their counterparts in MOOCs. Our findings yielded clear evidence that a peer rater with higher extent of participation and better course performance, who spend sufficient time in rating peers’ assignment, or who pay the verified certificate fee tend to provide a more accurate score than those with lower extent of participation, poor course performance, who do not spend the necessary amount of time, or who do not pay the verified certificate fee. However, none of them had statistically significant result, and all the effect sizes were very small, showing little practical significance. The limitations of this study due to use of secondary data analyses are discussed. For future research, the author recommends researchers to begin with measuring and investigating some controllable independent variables in a traditional online peer assessment, and then apply the confirmed effective variable in a MOOC environment to collect more accurate and meaningful data.
Analysis of the degree of constant volume and cooling loss in a spark ignition engine fuelled with hydrogen

Abstract This study analyses factors influencing the thermal efficiency of a homogeneous charge spark ignition (SI) engine fuelled with hydrogen, focusing on the degree of constant volume and the cooling loss. The cooling loss from the burning gas to the cylinder walls in a homogeneous charge SI engine is quantitatively evaluated by analysing the cylinder pressure diagram and the exhaust gas composition. The degree of constant volume burning and the degree of constant volume cooling are also obtained by fitting the Wiebe function to the rate of heat release calculated using the cylinder pressure diagram. A comparison of combustion and cooling characteristics between hydrogen and methane combustion reveals that the cooling loss in hydrogen combustion is higher than that of methane combustion due to a thinner quenching distance and faster burning velocity for hydrogen combustion. It is also made clear that the higher cooling loss in hydrogen combustion results in lower thermal efficiency of hydrogen combustion as compared to that of methane combustion.
1I/‘Oumuamua as a Tidal Disruption Fragment from a Binary Star System

1I/‘Oumuamua is the first known interstellar small body, probably being only about 100 m in size. Against expectations based on comets, ‘Oumuamua does not show any activity and has a very elongated figure, and it also exhibits undamped rotational tumbling. In contrast, ‘Oumuamua’s trajectory indicates that it was moving with the local stars, as expected from a low-velocity ejection from a relatively nearby system. Here, I assume that ‘Oumuamua is typical of 100 m interstellar objects and speculate on its origins. I find that giant planets are relatively inefficient at ejecting small bodies from inner solar systems of main-sequence stars, and that binary systems offer a much better opportunity for ejections of non-volatile bodies. I also conclude that ‘Oumuamua is not a member of a collisional population, which could explain its dramatic difference from small asteroids. I observe that 100 m small bodies are expected to carry little mass in realistic collisional populations and that occasional events, when whole planets are disrupted in catastrophic encounters, may dominate the interstellar population of 100 m fragments. Unlike the Sun or Jupiter, red dwarf stars are very dense and are capable of thoroughly tidally disrupting terrestrial planets. I conclude that ‘Oumuamua may have originated as a fragment from a planet that was tidally disrupted and then ejected by a dense member of a binary system, which could explain its peculiarities.
EFFECTS OF STEAMING-UP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF GRAZING DOES AND THEIR KIDS IN ARID REGION

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of steaming-up on the performance of grazing does in arid region of Rajasthan. Twenty-four goats carrying last trimester of pregnancy were selected and divided randomly into untreated (T0) and treated (T1) groups having 12 goats in each. Animals of both the groups were let loosed for grazing in the morning and were offered concentrate feed in the evening. Goats of T1 group were fed additional concentrate feed @ 300g per animal per day. Average body weight gain of goats was significantly (P
The Effect of Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment of Healthcare Personnel

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of the job satisfaction of health care personnel on organizational commitment’s components. The data of the research were collected by way of a survey that was conducted on 501 health care workers who work in a public university hospital in Turkey. Structural equation modeling (path analysis) was conducted to test the hypotheses. From the results of the analyses, there was no statistically significant influence of intrinsic satisfaction on organizational commitment was found. Only extrintic satisfaction was determined significantly negative effect on continuance commitment and positive effect on normative commitment. In other words, an increase in the level of extrinsic satisfaction causes a decrease in continuance commitment and an increase in normative commitment.
Aero-elastic wind turbine design with active flaps for AEP maximization

Abstract. In optimal wind turbine design, there is a compromise between maximizing the energy producing forces and minimizing the absolute peak loads carried by the structures. Active flaps are an attractive strategy because they give engineers greater freedom to vary the aerodynamic forces under any condition. Flaps can be used in a variety of different ways (i.e. reducing fatigue, peak loads), but this article focuses on how quasi-static actuation as a function of mean wind speed can be used for annual energy production (AEP) maximization. Numerical design optimization of the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine (RWT), with the HAWTOpt2 framework, was used to both find the optimal flap control strategy and the optimal turbine designs. The research shows that active flaps can provide a 1 % gain in AEP for aero-structurally optimized blades in both add-on (i.e. the flap is added after the blade is designed) and integrated (i.e. the blade design and flap angle is optimized together) solutions. The results show that flaps are complementary to passive load alleviation because they provide high-order alleviation, where passive strategies only provide linear alleviation with respect to average wind speed. However, the changing loading from the flaps further complicates the design of torsionally active blades; thus, integrated design methods are needed to design these systems.
Is the World Oil Market "One Great Pool"? A Test

In a recent paper Professor Robert Weiner has argued that crude oil markets are "regionalized," thus challenging Adelman's assertion that the world oil market is homogeneous. This argument bears on the effectiveness of various energy policies. We argue that these policies should be analyzed using constructs such as "antitrust markets," rather than in relation to an ad hoc definition of regionalization like that used by Weiner. Using our definition of markets, we find that observed market behavior suggests different policy prescriptions. In particular, Weiner implicitly defines his markets too narrowly and this leads him to conclude that markets are regional. Patterns of trade in particular crude oils may not indicate regional market power. As a result, one can question the effectiveness of policies such as tariffs on imported oil.
Non-Gaussianity from the trispectrum in general single field inflation

We compute the fourth order action in perturbation theory for scalar and second order tensor perturbations for a minimally coupled single field inflationary model, where the inflaton's Lagrangian is a general function of the field's value and its kinetic energy. We obtain the fourth order interaction Hamiltonian in two gauges, the comoving gauge and the uniform curvature gauge. Using the comoving gauge action we calculate the trispectrum at leading order in slow roll, finding agreement with a previously known result in the literature. We point out that, in general, to obtain the correct leading order trispectrum one cannot ignore second order tensor perturbations as previously done by others. The next-to-leading order corrections may become detectable depending on the shape, and we provide the necessary formalism to calculate them.
Investigation of the Relationship between Ownership – Control Discrepancy and Dividend Policy in Tehran Stock Exchange Sakineh DARVISHZADEH

Present research examines the relation between the ownership-control discrepancy the major shareholder and dividend policy in Tehran Stock Exchange. This research focuses on the effect of the conflicts of interests between majority shareholders and minority shareholders on firms’ dividend policy, because dividend policy can serve as a replacement for this the conflicts of interests. In this research, Investigation all firms in Tehran Stock Exchange that serves the annual reports for the years 2007 through 2010. In a total the selection 134 firms of different industries. The test of the proposed hypotheses conducted on a panel data. In a total research results show that the influence of the ownership to control ratio of the largest shareholder (OWCONT) on dividend payout rate is significantly positive. Indeed, the more this ratio is high, the more the control is low and payout is high. In contrast, if the largest shareholder has a controlling power that exceeds his/her cash flow right, payout is low. Furthermore, control power is significantly related to the dividend policy.
Reduction of Vibrations in Engines using Centrifugal Pendulum Vibration Absorbers

The development and use of CPVAs (Centrifugal Pendulum Vibration Absorbers) started in the beginning of the 20th century, and one of the first traces is a model by Kutzbach in 1911. Most of the models were developed and patented during the 1930s, and those types are still used today. CPVAs came to play a vital role in the development of radial aircraft engines, which were used extensively in World War II. With the aid of correctly tuned CPVAs, vibrations of different orders could be reduced significantly, ensuring reliable operation. The CPVA is particularly useful for engines since it is not dependent on frequency, but the order of the applied torque. The CPVA can therefore reduce vibrations in the entire engine speed range. CPVAs are now finding use in powertrains of cars, more specifically in the DMF (Dual Mass Flywheel). The problem automotive manufacturers face today, from a vibration perspective, is that engines generally tend to become smaller in size and have fewer cylinders, while the power output tend to increase. The DMF has been an effective way of reducing vibrations from engine to transmission for some time now, but ever increasing vibration levels from newly developed engines create a need of using CPVAs. The main goal of this thesis work is to, at Volvo Cars engine development department, model and simulate different types of CPVAs in the software Simdrive 3D by Contecs Eng, where simple vibration models can be made for first investigations. Different CPVAs have been modeled through a fully customizable element, programmed in C/C++ for Simdrive. Special attention has been given to model CPVAs with cycloidal and epicycloidal paths, since they are important for practical use. The CPVA unit performance is analyzed in one model with an n:th order sine-signal torque, and also in a more realistic powertrain model with cylinders, DMF with CPVAs attached, FEAD (Front Engine Accessory Drives), and realistic input torque from combustions in the engine cylinders. In simulations with sine-signal torque, all CPVA types considered seem to have capabilities of absorbing vibrations. Some of the types with cycloidal or epicycloidal paths reduce vibrations of the designated order to a level very close to zero, for a major part of the engine speed range. In the advanced powertrain model, where the pendulum mass is restricted to 1 kg, the CPVA units are stretched to their limit. Types with regular circular paths either fail to reduce or amplify vibrations, while types with cycloidal or epicycloidal paths manage to reduce vibrations for parts of the engine speed range. With more simulation time, the CPVA parameters could be optimized further. Future work suggestions include further development of models, introduction of ”stoppers” in models, and introduction of multiple independent absorbers to account for nonunison motion.
Yield potential and yield stability of maize hybrids selected for drought tolerance

Objective: Drought and low soil nitrogen (low N) are the most important environmental constraints contributing to yield instability of maize (Zea mays L.). Evaluation of maize genotypes under different stresses would be useful for identifying genotypes that combine stability with high yield potential for stress-prone areas. This study was conducted to (i) estimate stability of yield in maize hybrids developed from inbred lines with differential reactions to drought stress; and (ii) identify hybrids that combine stability with high yield potential across stress and non-stress environments. Methodology and results: Six hybrids, each formed by crossing drought tolerant x tolerant (T x T), susceptible x susceptible (S x S), T x S and S x T inbred lines and 4 checks were selected from 100 hybrids tested for two years under severe drought, mild drought, low N and high N; and for four years under optimal conditions, making a total of 12 environments in Nigeria. Combined analysis of variance showed that environments, genotypes and genotype-by-environment (GE) interaction effects were highly significant, suggesting that the hybrids responded differently relative to each other to a change in environment. Genotype and genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot analysis explained 90% of the yield variation due to GGE. Most hybrids of T x T, T x S crosses were stable, while most S x T and S x S crosses were unstable across environments. Conclusion and application of findings : The study depicted severe drought stress as a representative test environment, indicating that selection of maize hybrids under drought stress would lead to yield improvement in low N as well as optimal growing environments. This study has identified four hybrids, (4058 x Fun.47-3), (161 x KU1409), (KU1409 x 4008) and (1824 x 9432), that are stable and have high yield potential, however, they need to be tested further in multiple environments to confirm consistency of their stability.
Cultural participation of tourists – Evidence from travel habits of Austrian residents

This article examines how the individual characteristics of tourists and the attributes of a trip affect the decision that those visitors would choose cultural participation as their primary travel reason. In particular, we examine the effect of demographic and socio-economic characteristics of tourists and of the attributes of their trip, on both the likelihood and the frequency of their cultural participation. The data was gathered based on a national telephone survey in Austria, known as ‘The Travel Habits of Austrian Residents’ which has been conducted over the years 2008 and 2009. Using observations of 8587 respondents and their 14,646 trips, a series of logistic and negative binomial regressions were employed. The findings of this study have practical implications for cultural managers both in Austria and in global markets. Although tourism is often promoted as a way to escape from everyday routines, the actual choice of cultural consumption in the tourism arena appears to be dictated by individual characteristics of tourists. Nevertheless, factors related to the character of a trip are also significant in determining cultural participation of tourists.