Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cluster electric current density measurements within a magnetic flux rope in the plasma sheet

On August 22, 2001 all 4 Cluster spacecraft nearly simultaneously penetrated a magnetic flux rope in the tail. The flux rope encounter took place in the central plasma sheet, βi ∼ 1–2, near the leading edge of a bursty bulk flow. The “time‐of‐flight” of the flux rope across the 4 spacecraft yielded Vx ∼ 700 km/s and a diameter of ∼1 Re. The speed at which the flux rope moved over the spacecraft is in close agreement with the Cluster plasma measurements. The magnetic field profiles measured at each spacecraft were first modeled separately using the Lepping‐Burlaga force‐free flux rope model. The results indicated that the center of the flux rope passed northward (above) s/c 3, but southward (below) of s/c 1, 2 and 4. The peak electric currents along the central axis of the flux rope predicted by these single‐s/c models were ∼15–19 nA/m2. The 4‐spacecraft Cluster magnetic field measurements provide a second means to determine the electric current density without any assumption regarding flux rope structure. The current profile determined using the curlometer technique was qualitatively similar to those determined by modeling the individual spacecraft magnetic field observations and yielded a peak current density of 17 nA/m2 near the central axis of the rope. However, the curlometer results also showed that the flux rope was not force‐free with the component of the current density perpendicular to the magnetic field exceeding the parallel component over the forward half of the rope, perhaps due to the pressure gradients generated by the collision of the BBF with the inner magnetosphere. Hence, while the single‐spacecraft models are very successful in fitting flux rope magnetic field and current variations, they do not provide a stringent test of the force‐free condition.
Conventions, Festivals, and Tourism

Abstract The link between conventions and tourism has often been assumed, and to some extent has been researched, and yet little research has been undertaken to study the relationships between organizations staging an event. The aim of this paper is to highlight the links between convention, festival, and tourism organizations using a case study in Lismore, Australia. The Lismore Chamber of Commerce has used an agricultural convention in conjunction with a community festival to share resources and attract wider audiences. This paper demonstrates the outcomes of this relationship in terms of innovation, cooperation, and regional development. Where previous attempts to coordinate the herb industry had failed, the case shows how coordinated events can serve an important purpose. The case also demonstrates the use of a network analysis methodology as a potential tool for researchers and managers in identifying and understanding industry relationships. The results demonstrate the success of this event and highlight the importance of developing and maintaining network relations.
The Study of the relationship between stress coping strategies , emotional atmosphere of the family and high-risk behaviors in first year high school students

Methods: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional atmosphere of the family, stress coping strategies, and high-risk behaviors among first year high school students in Bandar Abbas. The statistical population of this study consisted of first year high school students in Bandar Abbas, in the academic year of 2014-2015. The sample size of the research consisted of 3506 randomly selected participants. The data collection tool was the Ministry of Education's MentalBehavioral Health Scale.
Macroeconomic Effects of HIV/AIDS: Protocol for a Systematic Review

Since its appearance over three decades ago, HIV/AIDS has become global pandemic and remain the most shocking disease humankind has ever faced. It causes more death than any other disease in sub–Saharan Africa (SSA) and worldwide, it is the fourth killer disease. The epidemic now is a major threat to macroeconomic growth and development, infecting people at their most productive age (15-49 years), and imposing hardship on households, communities, firms and eventually national economies. Considering the widely spread HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in SSA, a number of studies investigated the macroeconomic consequences of the epidemic, focusing mainly on per capita GDP or GDP growth rate as a measure of economic performance, with comparatively no or little research on GDP per person employ. In addition to dearth of research on the effect of health expenditure in reversing the epidemic, previous studies have failed to take the lag effect of the HIV/AIDS in to consideration in their estimation process. The association between HIV/AIDS and the macroeconomy is complex, with several studies reporting mix and conflicting results. This review aims to systematically synthesised research evidence on the effects of the epidemic on aggregate labour productivity, and assess whether health expenditure is effective in reversing the HIV/AIDS.
Title Effectiveness of a web-based health education program to promote oral hygiene care among stroke survivors: randomized controlled trial

Background: Oral hygiene care is of key importance among stroke patients to prevent complications that may compromise rehabilitation or potentially give rise to life-threatening infections such as aspiration pneumonia. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Web-based continuing professional development (CPD) program on “general intention” of the health carers to perform daily mouth cleaning for stroke patients using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: A double-blind cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among 547 stroke care providers across 10 hospitals in Malaysia. The centers were block randomized to receive either (1) test intervention (a Web-based CPD program on providing oral hygiene care to stroke patients using TPB) or (2) control intervention (a Web-based CPD program not specific to oral hygiene). Domains of TPB: “attitude,” “subjective norm” (SN), “perceived behavior control” (PBC), “general intention” (GI), and “knowledge” related to providing oral hygiene care were assessed preintervention and at 1 month and 6 months postintervention. Results: The overall response rate was 68.2% (373/547). At 1 month, between the test and control groups, there was a significant difference in changes in scores of attitude (P=.004) and subjective norm (P=.01), but not in other TPB domains (GI, P=.11; PBC, P=.51; or knowledge, P=.08). At 6 months, there were significant differences in changes in scores of GI (P=.003), attitude (P=.009), SN (P<.001) and knowledge (P=.001) between the test and control groups. Regression analyses identified that the key factors associated with a change in GI at 6 months were changes in SN (beta=.36, P<.001) and changes in PBC (beta=.23, P<.001). Conclusions: The Web-based CPD program based on TPB increased general intention, attitudes, subjective norms, and knowledge to provide oral hygiene care among stroke carers for their patients. Changing subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are key factors associated with changes in general intention to provide oral hygiene care. Trial Registration: National Medical Research Register, Malaysia NMRR-13-1540-18833 (IIR); https://www.nmrr. gov.my/ fwbLoginPage.jsp (J Med Internet Res 2017;19(3):e87) doi:10.2196/jmir.7024 J Med Internet Res 2017 | vol. 19 | iss. 3 | e87 | p.1 http://www.jmir. org/2017/3/e87/ (page number not for citation purposes) Ab Malik et al JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
Enlargement versus Deepening: The Trade-Off Facing Economic Unions

This paper analyzes the relationship between the size of an economic union and the degree of policy centralization. We consider a political economy setting in which elected representatives bargain over the degree of centralization within the union. In our model strategic delegation affects the identity of the representatives and hence the equilibrium policy outcome. We show that the relationship between the size of the union and centralization may be non-monotonic: Up to a certain size enlargement leads to deeper integration, whereas beyond that size further enlargement implies less centralization. We also show that freezing the level of centralization and associate memberships can mitigate the trade-off.
An Investigation of Mathematically Promising Students' Cognitive Abilities and Their Contributions to Learning Environment

In this study, through the observation of mathematically promising students in regular classrooms, relevant learning environments and the learning needs of promising students, teacher approaches and teaching methods, and the differences between the promising students and their normal ability peers in the same classroom were investigated. Correlational survey research was conducted. The sample of this research was composed of selected and non-selected students. The selected students were 21 students who were attending the Science and Art Center in Erzincan. The non-selected students were peers of the selected students in the same classroom at their schools. The differentiated classroom observation form, which was adapted into Turkish, and written interview questions for teachers were the data collection instruments used in this study. Structured non participant observation was conducted in regular classrooms in which selected mathematically promising and their non-selected peers attended. The data collected through observation form were analyzed quantitatively through Mann Whitney U test and the data collected through teacher interviews were analyzed qualitatively through direct quoting. The findings of *the study suggest that the mathematically promising students were more active in classroom activities and communicated more frequently with their teacher compared to their normal ability peers. In contrast, their classroom respect levels were lower. The repetition of some topics and concepts, and not being praised enough may be counted as the reasons behind these disrespected behaviors.
Seed treatment for improving quality of hybrid seeds of rice

Seeds of 15 hybrid rice varieties viz. Durber, Agomoni, Meghna, Hybrid super, Moyna, Tia, Gold, Aloron, Jagoron, Suborno, Safollo, Hira-1, Hira-2, Hira-4 and Hira-6 were collected from five different seed producing companies of Bangladesh. BAU-Biofungicide (3%), extracts of Garlic (1:1), Allamanda leaf (1:1) Bavistin (0.3%), Thiovit ( 0.3%) and Provax (0.3%) were used for treating seeds to improve quality of hybrid seeds of rice. The moisture content of seed samples ranged 12.20% to 14.37%, where highest moisture content was found in variety Meghna and lowest in variety Moyna. 1000-seed weight of seed samples ranged from 20.00 to 26.00g, where highest weight was recorded in Hira-4 and lowest was recorded both in Aloron and Hira-1. Seed health test revealed 11 different seed borne fungi viz. Bipolaris oryzae (0.0 to 25.5%), Fusarium moniliforme (0.00 to 3.0%), Fusarium oxysporum (0.0 to 18.0%), Aspergillus flavus (0.00 to 11.0%), Aspergillus niger (0.00 to 5.0%), Aspergillus candidus (0.00 to 15.0%), Penicillium spp. (0.0 to 7.0%) , Alternaria padwickii (0.0 to 1%), Alternaria tenuis (0.0 to 11.0%), Curvularia lunata (0.0 to 40.0%) and Nigrospora oryzae (0.0 to 4.0%) . Germination test resulted normal seedlings from 26.00 to 97.00%, where highest was recorded in variety Jagoron that treated with BAU-Biofungicide resulting highest increase in number of normal seedlings by 239.28% over untreated control. BAU-Biofungicide significantly decreased (upto 90.00%) formation of abnormal seedlings over untreated control. Moreover, BAU-Biofungicide increased up to 713.78% Vigor index over untreated control.
Consumer-based Brand Equity in the Service Shop

This present study investigated the causal relationships among the dimensions of consumer-based brand equity in the context of service shop; and to improve the conceptualization of service quality, which serves as a sub-dimension of perceived quality. A total of 602 self-administrated questionnaires were distributed via non-probability sampling. Findings suggested that the dimensions of service quality in the service shop were comprised of tangibles, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, recovery, and knowledge. The causal effects of service quality are significantly greater than product cues in formatting favorable consumer response towards the brand. The major contribution is that it provides imperative insight into the development of consumer-based brand equity in the service industry that is based on typology-specific. Future study should include simultaneous examination of the four service quadrants as classified by Schmenner’s (1986), and investigates the universal dimensional of consumer-based brand equity in service industry by typology-specific.
Targeted Disruption of the Lysosomal α-Mannosidase Gene Results in Mice Resembling a Mild form of Human α-Mannosidosis

Alpha-mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disease with autosomal recessive inheritance caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal alpha-mannosidase, which is involved in the degradation of asparagine-linked carbohydrate cores of glycoproteins. An alpha-mannosidosis mouse model was generated by targeted disruption of the gene for lysosomal alpha-mannosidase. Homozygous mutant animals exhibit alpha-mannosidase enzyme deficiency and elevated urinary secretion of mannose-containing oligosaccharides. Thin-layer chromatography revealed an accumulation of oligosaccharides in liver, kidney, spleen, testis and brain. The cellular alterations were characterized by multiple membrane-limited cytoplasmic vacuoles as seen for instance in liver, exocrine pancreas, kidney, thyroid gland, smooth muscle cells, osteocytes and in various neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The morphological lesions and their topographical distribution, as well as the biochemical alterations, closely resemble those reported for human alpha-mannosidosis. This mouse model will be a valuable tool for studying the pathogenesis of inherited alpha-mannosidosis and may help to evaluate therapeutic approaches for lysosomal storage diseases.
Low-dimensional magnetic properties of orthorhombic MnV2O6 : a nonstandard structure stabilized at high pressure

M. L. Hneda,1,2,3 J. B. M. da Cunha,1 M. A. Gusmão,1 S. R. Oliveira Neto,4,2 J. Rodrı́guez-Carvajal,5 and O. Isnard2,3 1Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15051, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil 2CNRS, Institut Néel, 71 Avenue des Martys, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble, France 3Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Néel, F-38042 Grenoble, France 4Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Brazil 5Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France (Received 23 September 2016; published 19 January 2017)
Entrainment and mixing at the interface of shallow cumulus clouds: Results from a combination of observations and simulations

This study combines observations, large-eddy simulations (LES), and direct numerical simulations (DNS) in order to analyze entrainment and mixing in shallow cumulus clouds at all relevant spatial scales and, additionally, to verify the results by the multiple methods used. The observations are based on three flights of the CARRIBA campaign which are similar to the classical BOMEX case used for LES. Virtual flights in the LES data are used to validate the observational method of line measurements. It is shown that line measurements overrepresent the cloud core, and it is quantified how derived statistics depend on small perturbations of the flight track, which has to be taken in account for the interpretation of airborne observations. A linear relation between fluctuations of temperature and liquid water content has been found in both LES and observations in a good quantitative agreement. However, the constant of proportionality deviates from purely adiabatic estimates, which can be attributed to cloud edge mixing. The cloud edge is compared in detail in observations and LES, which agree qualitatively although the LES cloud edge is smoother due to the model's resolution. The resulting typical amplitudes of the turbulence fields from this comparison are compared with the large-scale forcing model which is used in a series of DNS which study the mixing below the meter scale, which show that LES does not resolve the intermittency of small-scale turbulence.
CD10 expression in stromal component of invasive breast carcinoma: A potential prognostic determinant

BACKGROUND: CD10 is a cell surface metalloproteinase which inactivates various biologically active peptides. Earlier studies have suggested CD10 expression in the stroma of various carcinomas to be associated with more aggressive behavior of the tumor. The aim of this study was to assess CD10 expression in stromal component of invasive breast carcinoma and its relationship with well-known clinicopathologic parameters. METHODS: This study included 49 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of invasive breast carcinoma from the pathology archive of a referral hospital. CD10 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and scored based on the staining intensity and percentage of the stained cells. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, along with Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between CD10 expression and clinicopathologic parameters. RESULTS: No association was found between stromal CD10 expression and age, carcinoma subtype, and HER2/neu status. A significant positive correlation was seen between stromal CD10 expression and tumor size (p = 0.01), axillary lymph node status (p = 0.02), and tumor grade (p = 0.004). Although negative correlations were detected between stromal CD10 expression and estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status, these correlations were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor grade is a major prognostic indicator of breast carcinoma. Tumor size and nodal status on the other hand, are important determinants of tumor stage. Therefore, our findings concerning the positive correlations between stromal CD10 expression and tumor grade, tumor size, and nodal status suggest a strong effect of stromal CD10 expression on aggressive behavior of breast carcinoma and introduce this marker as a potential prognostic determinant in breast cancer.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN POLISH INDUSTRY AFTER 1989

It has been 25 years since the beginning of the economic transformation in Poland and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, associated with the change of the centrally controlled system over economy towards an economy based on market rules. Those changes, taking place in the conditions of globalisation of the world economy and European integration, and in recent years also the global recession, affect previously developed socio-economic structures, including the structures of industry. The aim of the article is to present changes in the role of industry in the economy of Poland, transformation of the ownership, branch and spatial structure of the industry of Poland and its diversification in regional and supra-regional systems as well as to attempt to answer the question of how the processes of industrial restructuring, undertaken during the years of economic transformation, contributed to its adaptation to the conditions of the market economy and improvement of its competitive position in global and European levels, including the possibility of integration into the global industrial networks.
Gill net and long-line catch comparisons in a hake fishery: the case of southern Portugal

SUMMARY: During 1998, a study of the European hake (Merluccius merluccius) static gear fishery was undertaken in southern Portugal. This study aimed to compare long-line and gill net catches within the same area in terms of catch composition, fishing yield, by-catch and discards, and specifically for hake, catch size frequency distribution and quality of the fished product. At least 35 species of fish and invertebrates were caught, with hake dominating the catches in terms of both weight and number. The by-catch represented 23% and 15% of the catch in weight for long-lines and gill nets respectively. No illegal sized hake (under 27 cm total length) were caught in either gear during the study period. Discards of non-commercial species were similar for both gears and considered to be negligible (<3% by weight). Hake discards were significantly different between gears (7% for long-lines and 42% for gill nets, by weight), due to fish deterioration related to soaking time. Higher daily yields were obtained for long-lines (258.37 kg / 9,000 hooks) compared with those for gill nets (127.12 kg / 10 km net). These findings will help to improve the management and conservation of this valuable hake fishery.
ANOTHER PSYCHOMETRIC PROOF OF THE ABBREVIATED MATH ANXIETY SCALE USEFULNESS: IRT ANALYSIS

The aim of this research is the psychometric evaluation of the Abbreviation Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) on a sample of high school students. AMAS operationalizes math anxiety as a two- dimensional construct, basing its main components on the context model: math learning anxiety (MAL) and math evaluation anxiety (MAE). MAL represents the tendency of manifesting mathematical anxiety during the process of learning mathematics, while MAE represents math anxiety present in all situations that imply formal evaluation of math knowledge. The sample consisted of 514 high school students (45.3% male), aged 15 to 19. Confirmatory factor analysis pointed that AMAS is a one–dimensional scale with two facets, with the bifactorial solution showing the best fit parameters. Psychometric attributes of AMAS were tested by using Item Response Theory. Items and the questionnaire showed appropriate psychometric properties. The AMAS scale has expected patterns of relatedness with mathematical achievement, motivation for learning math, age and gender.
Distribution of bioluminescence and plankton in a deep Norwegian fjord measured using an ISIT camera and the Digital Underwater Video Profiler

Bioluminescence and plankton profiles were obtained using a downward-looking ISIT low-light camera and the Underwater Video Profiler system in Sognefjord, Norway. The profiling systems were lowered by CTD wire and recorded continuously from the surface to a depth of 1000 m. The former system delivered the vertical distribution of mechanically stimulated bioluminescent signals while the second provided the vertical distribution of undisturbed marine snow and zooplankton. The number of recorded bioluminescent events showed a maximum of 36.3 mean counts for 50 m depth range between 300 and 750 m depths and was positively correlated with the vertical distribution of copepods and negatively with density of marine snow particles (<0.5 mm). The most likely cause of the bioluminescence was the presence of bioluminescent metridiid copepods.
Rapid Temporal Changes of Midtropospheric Winds

Abstract The statistical distribution of the magnitude of the vector wind change over 0.25-, 1-, 2-, and 4-h periods based on data from October 1995 through March 1996 over central Florida is presented. The wind changes at altitudes from 6 to 17 km were measured using the Kennedy Space Center 50-MHz Doppler radar wind profiler. Quality controlled profiles were produced every 5 min for 112 gates, each representing 150 m in altitude. Gates 28 through 100 were selected for analysis because of their significance to ascending space launch vehicles. The distribution was found to be lognormal. The parameters of the lognormal distribution depend systematically on the time interval. This dependence is consistent with the behavior of structure functions in the f5/3 spectral regime. There is a small difference between the 1995 data and the 1996 data, which may represent a weak seasonal effect.