Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scaling of musculoskeletal models from static and dynamic trials

Subject-specific scaling of cadaver-based musculoskeletal models is important for accurate musculoskeletal analysis within multiple areas such as ergonomics, orthopaedics and occupational health. We present two procedures to scale ‘generic’ musculoskeletal models to match segment lengths and joint parameters to a specific subject and compare the results to a simpler approach based on linear, segment-wise scaling. By incorporating data from functional and standing reference trials, the new scaling approaches reduce the model sensitivity to assumed model marker positions. For validation, we applied all three scaling methods to an inverse dynamics-based musculoskeletal model and compared predicted knee joint contact forces to those measured with an instrumented prosthesis during gait. Additionally, a Monte Carlo study was used to investigate the sensitivity of the knee joint contact force to random adjustments of the assumed model marker positions (+/− one marker diameter). The model based on linear scaling showed the highest variation in the knee joint contact force of 1.44 body weight (BW) around contra-lateral heel strike, and a variation in root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 0.36 BW. The proposed methods reduced the variation to 1.0 BW (RMSD 0.26 BW) for the anatomical landmark based method and 0.47 BW (RMSD 0.06 BW) for the functional based method. Variation in model predictions due to uncertainty in marker positions is a trait of all marker-based musculoskeletal modelling approaches. The presented methods solve part of this problem and rely less on manual identification of anatomical landmarks in the model. The work represents a step towards a more consistent methodology in musculoskeletal modelling.
Analysis of applicability of Peleg model to the cooking-infusion of mackerel (Scomber japonicus) slices

Mass transfer kinetics in osmotic dehydration is usually modeled by Fick's law, empirical models and probabilistic models. The aim of this study was to determine the applicability of Peleg model to investigate the mass transfer during osmotic dehydration of mackerel (Scomber japonicus) slices at different temperatures. Osmotic dehydration was performed on mackerel slices by cooking-infusion in solutions with glycerol and salt (aw = 0.64) at different temperatures: 50, 70, and 90 oC. Peleg rate constant (K1) (h(g/gdm)-1) varied with temperature variation from 0.761 to 0.396 for water loss, from 5.260 to 2.947 for salt gain, and from 0.854 to 0.566 for glycerol intake. In all cases, it followed the Arrhenius relationship (R2>0.86). The Ea (kJ / mol) values obtained were 16.14; 14.21, and 10.12 for water, salt, and glycerol, respectively. The statistical parameters that qualify the goodness of fit (R2>0.91 and RMSE<0.086) indicate promising applicability of Peleg model.
Identifying the Level of Awareness on Value Management Practice amongst Construction Developers

Construction Industry is one of the catalysts that enable such a nation economy to kept runs and grow from time to time. In this large and unique industry, the position of Architect, Engineer, Quantity Surveyor and Builders is the position that had been so familiar generally. Many of people do not aware with Value Management practice in Malaysia. Value Management may be described as a structured, analytical process for developing innovative holistic solutions to complex problems. The objective of this research is to identify the level of awareness on Value Management practice amongst Construction Developers. In this study, the General Manager, Professionals and Project Manager from 34 Developers Company registered under Real Estate and Housing Developers' Association (REHDA) in Kelantan State has been chosen as respondents. Quantitative methods have been used and 102 sets of questionnaire had been distributed where the returned was only 81 sets. The results indicate that most of the respondents did aware with the Value Management issues in Malaysia. Ultimately, this research paper hoped to contribute in the improvement of the implementation of Value Management in Malaysia especially amongst Developers.
Excessive RAAS , ER stress and inflammation responses impair adaptability to acceleration-associated stress in swines with moderate-severe coronary artery stenosis

It is reported that there is higher morbidity of coronary heart disease in pilots than in the general population. During flight, pilots always suffer from acceleration-associated stress (+Gz stress). There have been few studies about the adaptability to +Gz stress in pilots with coronary heart disease. Coronary artery stenosis (CAS) model was established by ligation of proximal left anterior descending branch of heart in swines. A trapezoid acceleration curve was used for +Gz stress. ELISA was used to analyze RAAS factors and inflammatory factors in plasma. Immunoblotting was applied to determine myocardial GRP78 levels. The maximum tolerated +Gz values in the moderate and severe CAS group were both less than the mild CAS and sham-operated group. The expression levels of RASS (Ang II and ALD) factors and inflammatory factors (CRP, TNF-α, SAA, sPLA2, MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-3) were significantly higher in moderate and severe CAS groups than mild CAS and sham-operated groups before and after +Gz stress. The GRP78 expression levels were significantly increased in moderate and severe CAS groups than mild CAS and sham-operated groups after +Gz stress. These results show that the adaptability to +Gz stress in swines with moderate and severe CAS is decreased significantly. Excessive RAAS, ER stress and inflammatory responses are detrimental to the tolerance in swines to +Gz stress with moderate and severe coronary artery stenosis.
Bending without breaking: examining the role of attitudinal ambivalence in resisting persuasive communication

The present research aims at showing that ambivalence may serve an adaptive function: to preserve attitudes and to resist persuasion. In two experiments, participants were exposed to a counter-attitudinal message attributed to an ingroup majority. Results of both experiments showed that individuals high in ambivalence changed toward the source more than individuals low in ambivalence at the direct level, while at the indirect level––where the link between attitudes and the source's message is less apparent––individuals low in ambivalence changed toward the source more than individuals high in ambivalence. Experiment 2 also showed that this effect is particularly true for high self-monitoring participants, thereby supporting a motivational interpretation of the effect. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Burning in moral, drowning in rationality? - Ethical considerations in forming environmental policy

We have experienced an increasing use of both economic and political instruments in attempts to induce households to contribute to sustainable development. However, there is a lack of understanding of how these tools interplay with the motives held by households and the daily constraints they face. The purpose of this paper is to give some anecdotal evidence on how moral motives may affect different policies in force, and to give some insights on how to proceed in designing policy instruments compatible with sustainable household behaviour. I conclude that some households have learned to appreciate the reward of economic incentives, but that we also need to acknowledge that environmental morale may affect the support of such economic instruments.
Australian and Japanese Concepts of Expressive Behavior

This study investigated differences in the concepts of the expression of emotion held by Japanese and Australians for themselves and each other, both in terms of degree and kind of expressive behavior and in underlying dimensionality. Through a structured questionnaire, 80 Australian and 80 Japanese male and female students indicated how they thought they expressed eight emotions on 12 behaviors, and how someone of the other nationality would express them. Results show Australians were rated as more expressive by Japanese and that Japanese may conceptualize emotions as less intense. There was considerable agreement between the two groups on the level of expressivity of the Japanese. The dimensions of positive/negative, arousal and "affective focus" were shown to underlie the concepts and to distinguish the two national groups to varying degrees.
Interrelationship of Photoperiod with Growth Performance and Feeding of Seawater Farmed Rainbow Trout, (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Juvenile of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, weight 27.39±0.16 g) were reared under four photoperiods (Light/Dark hour) (11L:13D control group; 24L:0D continuous light group; 18L:6D extended light group and 6L:18D short light group) to examine their growth performance and some feeding parameters in sea water conditions. Fish were fed on a commercial diet until satiation for 8 weeks of the trial. Fish exposed to 24L:0D (continuous light group) had a significantly higher daily growth rate, relative growth rate and specific growth rates followed by 18L:6D, 11L:13D and 6L:18D photoperiods (P<0.05). The results demonstrated that the growth performance and feed utilization of rainbow trout can be stimulated clearly by using a continuous (24L:0D) or extended light (18L:6D) photoperiods in sea water.
Protective Effect of Losartan in Reducing Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Essential Hypertension

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have high incidence of developing nephropathy and cardivascular disease, and the presence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus may increase this incidence. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the renoprotective and cardiovascular protective effects of losartan in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in Al-Wafaa center for diabetes and Endocrinology in Mosul. Fifty three type 2 diabetic patients treated by glibenclamide are newly diagnosed as having hypertension placed on losartan therapy 50mg/day for six weeks and compared with apparently 50 healthy volunteers as control group. Blood pressure and microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were measured before and after treatment with losartan and compared with the blood pressure and microalbuminuria of control group by using Z-test. Results: In the treated group with losartan, blood pressure, urine protein and protein/creatinin ratio were significantly reduced as compared with that before treatment. Conclusions: Using of losartan is associated with significant reduction in blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and protein/cretinin ratio (microalbuminurea), however urin creatinin did not changed and this effect is beneficial in protection of patients from renal and cardiovascular complications.
Retrospective Time Perception of a Long Task: Using Music to Distinguish between Attention-based and Memory-based Models

There are two main models of time perception, attention-based models, and memorybased models. The aim of this study was to determine which model best explained retrospective time perception of a long and monotonous task. The monotonous task was a Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) that lasted 1390s. The monotony of the task was altered by the addition of musical stimuli. Participants were randomly assigned to either a silent condition, or one of three music conditions that differed in song familiarity and performing instrument. Participants were 48 adults, primarily recruited from Edith Cowan University. The perceived duration of the task, the number of errors on the SART, and the number of songs remembered was measured. Difference in perceived duration between the conditions provided limited support for both attentionbased and memory-based models. However, from the non-significant results of the number of errors on the SART, and the number of songs remembered, neither model was able to explain how participants perceived the duration of the task. The presence of a ceiling effect on perceived duration may have limited the size of some of the effects. Overall, the results suggest that the relevance of attentional processes and memory may not be as significant as what is proposed by the current models in explaining retrospective time perception of long tasks, and this should be explored in future
Use of sawdust, coco soil and pumice in hydroponically grown strawberry.

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) plants were grown hydroponically in different ratio of sawdust (Saw-100), coco soil (Coc-100) and/or pumice (Pum-100) mixtures. Leaf number doubled in plants grown in Saw-100 while runners (stolons) number increased up to 70% in plants grown in Coc-100 compared with the control treatment (Pum-100). Fruit number increased (up to 50%) in plants grown in Pum-100. Leaf stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and internal concentration of CO 2 differentiated according to the plant vegetative or reproductive stage and/or substrate medium. Leaf and stem fresh weight as well as leaf area was increased (up to 32, 24 and 44%, respectively) in case of Coc-100 compared with the Saw-100 or Pum-100. Plant yield was doubled when Pum-Saw (50-50) was used compared with the Saw-100, which is due to the reduced fruit number produced rather than the difference in fruit fresh weight. Substrate affected fruit quality parameters. The present findings highlight the puta tive use of organic medium i.e. Sawdust on top of the widely used coco soil as substrate medium in strawberry culture.
Grazing resistance allows bloom formation and may explain invasion success of Gonyostomum semen

The nuisance alga Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae) has expanded in the Nordic countries during the last decades and can dominate lake phytoplankton communities almost completely. A possible explanation to its dominance could be limited grazing by zooplankton. We investigated the potential grazing pressure on G. semen using an experimental approach supported by field data. We determined the grazing rate by cladocerans, calanoid copepods, and Chaoborus larvae to determine which were able to feed on G. semen. Only the large cladoceran Daphnia magna was able to feed successfully on G. semen. The large cell size of G. semen was likely a limiting factor for the filtering apparatus of smaller cladocerans. The copepod Eudiaptomus gracilis did not graze on G. semen, although the mechanism behind this selective feeding is still unknown. In addition to the experimental study, we quantified the zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in 40 lakes to determine the composition and abundance of the zooplankton communities co‐occurring with G. semen, suggesting that large cladoceran species were not present in lakes where G. semen occurred. Hence, the growth of G. semen is not significantly controlled by grazing in natural systems, which likely facilitates bloom formation and invasion success of G. semen.
Democracy and economic transformation in India

Peasant Society Today The first volume of Subaltern Studies was published in 1982, twenty-five years ago. I was part of the editorial group that launched, under the leadership of Ranajit Guha, this critical engagement with Indian modernity from the standpoint of the subaltern classes, especially the peasantry. In the quarter of a century that has passed since then, there has been, I believe, a fundamental change in the situation prevailing in post-colonial India. The new conditions under which global flows of capital, commodities, information and people are now regulated - a complex set of phenomena generally clubbed under the category of globalization - have created both new opportunities and new obstacles for the Indian ruling classes.
Susceptibility of colonies and colonial cells of Phaeocystis pouchetii (Haptophyta) to viral infection

Viruses play a significant role in the microbial food web, as controlling agents in com- munity composition and succession, and in termination of blooms. The flagellated stage of the poly- morphic Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot) Lagerheim was previously shown to be readily infected by the species-specific PpV-virus. In the present study, we investigated if colonial cells of P. pouchetii were susceptible to virus infection and if the growth stage of the host population affected viral infectivity, based on 2 types of observations: incubation experiments with natural P. pouchetii colonies and added viral concentrate, and monitoring viral abundance during 2 different growth seasons in large outdoor mesocosm experiments. In the incubation experiments, colonial cells of P. pouchetii at vari- ous growth stages, embedded in and detached from the mucus, were inoculated with different con- centrations of PpV-AJ96. Viral lysis of colonial P. pouchetii cells was not observed, regardless of virus concentrations and stage of P. pouchetii colony growth. However, flagellated cells of P. pouchetii were readily infected with the same virus strain. In the mesocosm sampling studies, the development of populations of PpV-like particles along with a bloom of P. pouchetii was followed in 2 separate growth seasons. These studies showed a dynamic PpV-like abundance over time that was closely linked to the host population. PpV-like viruses were present and readily detected in both mesocosm experiments in which P. pouchetii appeared. The results from these experiments suggest that colo- nial cells of P. pouchetii were not infected by the virus strain PpV-AJ96 and that the colonial stage of P. pouchetii provides protection against viral infection.
Solitaire Flow Restoration device versus other Stentrievers for acute stroke: comparison of Neurologic and Radiologic outcomes.

Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-2411 / Solitaire Flow Restoration device versus other Stentrievers for acute stroke: comparison of Neurologic and Radiologic outcomes. " by: " C. Parra-Farinas , M. Ribo Jacobi, A. Tomasello, P. Coscojuela, M. Fernandez Vinas, C. D. Hernandez Giraldo, J. A. Prat-Matifoll, M. A. Muchada, A. Rovira-Canellas; Barcelona/ES"
Finite element and finite volume‐element simulation of pseudo‐ECGs and cardiac alternans

In this paper, we are interested in the spatio‐temporal dynamics of the transmembrane potential in paced isotropic and anisotropic cardiac tissues. In particular, we observe a specific precursor of cardiac arrhythmias that is the presence of alternans in the action potential duration. The underlying mathematical model consists of a reaction–diffusion system describing the propagation of the electric potential and the nonlinear interaction with ionic gating variables. Either conforming piecewise continuous finite elements or a finite volume‐element scheme are employed for the spatial discretization of all fields, whereas operator splitting strategies of first and second order are used for the time integration. We also describe an efficient mechanism to compute pseudo‐ECG signals, and we analyze restitution curves and alternans patterns for physiological and pathological cardiac rhythms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Latest Santonian to latest Maastrichtian planktic foraminifera and biostratigraphy of the hemipelagic successions of the Prebetic Zone ( Murcia and Alicante provinces , south-east Spain )

This paper presents the first detailed biostratigraphic analysis of the uppermost Santonian through uppermost Maastrichtian hemipelagic carbonate successions of south-east Spain based mainly on the stratigraphic distributions of plank tic foraminifera. For the time interval studied, seven biozones of planktic foraminifera have been recognized. From oldest to youngest these are: the uppermost part of the Dicarinella asymetrica Zone, and the Globotruncanita elevata, Globotruncana ventricosa, Globotruncanita calcarata, Globotruncana falsostuarti, Gansserina gansseri and Abathomphalus mayaroensis zones. The biostratigraphic succession obtained from the sections studied in the Prebetic area is compared with those from sections in Tercis (France) and Kalaat Senan
The Impact of Planned Health Education on Knowledge and Practices of Oral Hygiene among Teachers in Selected Primary Schools of Karad Taluka

Introduction: Dental caries is public health problem in India. It is one of the most prevalent oral health diseases in India. Our society in its attitude toward dental health has been giving it less importance as compared to general health. Objective: To assess the existing knowledge and practices and to determine the impact of planned health education on oral hygiene among teachers in selected primary school. Methodology: Evaluative approach with quasi experimental one group pre test post test design was used. 14 Zilla Parishad schools in rural area were selected with simple random sampling. Result: Overall comparison of pre and post knowledge and practice score revealed significant improvement in post assessment (t =20.540, p <0.001 & t =6.510, p <0.001) and it was observed that there had been significant improvement in the results of oral hygiene assessment factors at post phase of study . Conclusion: The present results suggest that, with appropriate training workshops and guidance, from expert to teachers will lead to get aware of knowledge and practices of oral health care and it will be used in imparting it among school children to keep good oral health.
Effects of HIV / AIDS on Psychological Well Being of Elderly Caregivers and their Coping Mechanisms in Igembe South Sub-County , Kenya

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of HIV/AIDS on psychological well being of elderly caregivers and their coping mechanisms in Igembe South Sub-County. Descriptive survey design was adopted with a total of 220 elderly caregivers sampled through purposive sampling procedure by use questionnaires and focus group discussions. Key informant interviews were conducted with members of CBOs. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data. The study established that a high number of the elderly caregivers were grieved after losing their child/children to AIDS which lead to depression. Burnout was experienced by the elderly caregivers because they encountered difficulties and work overload in taking care of HIV/AIDS infected and affected persons. Spiritual reliance through involvement in religious groups and other support groups were coping mechanisms used by the elderly caregivers. The study recommended those stakeholders such as Churches, CBOs, NGOs, Government, Counselling Organisations and the public need to be sensitized about the wellbeing of the elderly caregivers in order to develop and implement programmes that will assist them in prevention of depression and burnout and enhance better coping mechanisms.