Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current state and outlook for drug repositioning anticipated in the field of ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer and the eighth most common cause of cancer mortality in women. Although standard chemotherapy is the established treatment for ovarian cancer, the prognosis remains poor, and it is highly anticipated that new drugs will be developed. New drugs, such as humanized anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibodies and poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors, are expected to improve clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer. However, long-term, costly research is required to develop such new drugs, and soaring national healthcare costs are becoming a concern worldwide. In this social context, drug repositioning, wherein existing drugs are used to develop drugs with new indications for other diseases, has recently gained attention. Because trials have already confirmed the safety in humans and the pharmacokinetics of such drugs, the development period is shorter than the conventional development of a new drug, thereby reducing costs. This review discusses the available basic experimental and clinical data on drugs used for other types of cancer for which drug repositioning is anticipated to repurpose the drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer. These include statins, which are used to treat dyslipidemia; bisphosphonate, which is used to treat osteoporosis; metformin, which is used to treat diabetes; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ivermectin, an antiparasitic agent; and itraconazole, an anti-fungal agent. These drugs will play an important role in future drug repositioning strategies for ovarian cancer. Furthermore, drug repositioning is anticipated to extend not only to ovarian cancer treatment but also to ovarian cancer prevention.
Status of Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS

Launched on December 18, 1999, the MODIS ProtoFlight Model on-board the EOS Terra spacecraft (near Sun-synchronous polar orbit, 10:30 am equator crossing time) has been providing the science community global data sets for over two years. The instrument has been performing well on-orbit in terms of its spatial and spectral characterization and radiometric calibration. Many science products have been developed and validated using the MODIS Level 1B calibrated data. To be launched in April 2002, the MODIS Flight Model 1 on the EOS Aqua spacecraft (1:30 pm equator crossing time) will enhance the MODIS products by providing afternoon observations.
The Junior-Year Psychiatric Clerkship and Medical Students’ Interest in Psychiatry

The authors present results for a 5-year period, from 1994 to 1998, of medical students’ interest in specializing in psychiatry after the junior-year psychiatric clerkship and their actual decisions to specialize in psychiatry. The student-reported survey results, NRMP matching data, and internal house-staff records showed that students rotating through an outpatient setting for their psychiatric clerkship reported significantly greater interest in specializing in psychiatry than students rotating through the emergency room, a children’s hospital, or inpatient or consultation/liaison setting. Of the factors examined in this study, the site of the clerkship and the rotation time-of-year were not associated with the choice of psychiatry as a specialty, whereas the strongest predictor of eventual specialization in psychiatry was post-clerkship attitudes.
Artificial Color Constancy via GoogLeNet with Angular Loss Function

ABSTRACT Color constancy is the ability of the human visual system to perceive colors unchanged independently of illumination. Giving a machine this feature will be beneficial in many fields where chromatic information is used. Particularly, it significantly improves scene understanding and object recognition.In this article, we propose a transfer learning-based algorithm, which has two main features: accuracy higher than many state-of-the-art algorithms and simplicity of implementation. Despite the fact that GoogLeNet was used in the experiments, the given approach may be applied to any convolutional neural networks. Additionally, we discuss the design of a new loss function oriented specifically to this problem and propose a few of the most suitable options.
The review of transient ischemic attack patients; an experience of a clinic about diagnosis and follow-up

DOI: 10.14744/SEMB.2018. 20438 Med Bull Sisli Etfal Hosp 2020;54(1):83–87 THE MEDICAL BULLETIN OF SISLI ETFAL HOSPITAL Address for correspondence: Eda Kılıç Çoban, MD. Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey Phone: +90 212 409 15 15 E-mail: eda_coban@yahoo.com Submitted Date: March 21, 2018 Accepted Date: June 22, 2018 Available Online Date: March 25, 2020 ©Copyright 2020 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital Available online at www.sislietfaltip. org OPEN ACCESS This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Original Research 84 The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital secondary prevention and treatment of patients can be performed. The pathophysiological mechanism that causes permanent loss of neurological function in stroke is similar in TIA. Therefore, the process of planning and initiating the examination and treatment in TIA should be performed as rapidly as possible. Neuroimaging plays an important role in the diagnostic evaluation of the transient ischemic attack. Since the symptoms of TIA are short-lived, the probability of detecting normal computed tomographic findings is very likely. [6] Although Magnetic Resonance (MR) is an expensive modality, it has a higher diagnostic sensitivity. According to the classical definition, the infarct area has been shown in 46-81% of patients diagnosed with TIA. [7,8] Our aim in this study is to reveal the risk factors in TIA patients, to review the tests that can be performed to identify the etiology, to reveal the presence of lesions and to determine the frequency of strokes developed during the 90-day follow-up of the patients.
Stochastic Deep Networks

Machine learning is increasingly targeting areas where input data cannot be accurately described by a single vector, but can be modeled instead using the more flexible concept of random vectors, namely probability measures or more simply point clouds of varying cardinality. Using deep architectures on measures poses, however, many challenging issues. Indeed, deep architectures are originally designed to handle fixedlength vectors, or, using recursive mechanisms, ordered sequences thereof. In sharp contrast, measures describe a varying number of weighted observations with no particular order. We propose in this work a deep framework designed to handle crucial aspects of measures, namely permutation invariances, variations in weights and cardinality. Architectures derived from this pipeline can (i) map measures to measures - using the concept of push-forward operators; (ii) bridge the gap between measures and Euclidean spaces - through integration steps. This allows to design discriminative networks (to classify or reduce the dimensionality of input measures), generative architectures (to synthesize measures) and recurrent pipelines (to predict measure dynamics). We provide a theoretical analysis of these building blocks, review our architectures' approximation abilities and robustness w.r. t. perturbation, and try them on various discriminative and generative tasks.
Brain-Inspired Stigmergy Learning

Originating from entomology, stigmergy has provided an effective framework for swarm collaboration. Based on new discoveries on astrocytes in regulating synaptic transmission in the brain, this paper has mapped stigmergy mechanism into the interaction mediated by the propagation of calcium waves in astrocytes between synapses and investigated its characteristics and advantages. Particularly, we have divided the short-range interaction between synapses that are not directly connected by neurons into three phases and proposed a stigmergic learning model. In this model, the state change of an agent will expand its influence to affect the states of others. The strength of the interaction is determined by the level of neural activity as well as the distance between the agents. Inspired by these findings, we propose a model to help solve task assignment and coordination problems. The simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Health-Related Quality of Life: Physical and Mental Functioning after Bariatric Surgery

Abstract Purpose: Knowing the patient and his or her self-perceived level of health is important in planning individualized and holistically focused nursing care to meet the needs of the individual. The focus of this research was on individuals' perceptions of their physical and mental health following a surgical weight loss intervention (SWLI). Main findings: The results of this study provide evidence that individuals who undergo an SWLI report their overall health-related quality of life as consistent with the good to very good descriptor. Similarly they rate the components of health-related quality of life, that is, physical functioning and mental functioning, in the same range. Conclusions: These findings may have significance for the type and amount of support, as well as the interventions required by this population of individuals. While many of the functions of the support group are focused on weight loss and maintenance, these data may indicate a need for a more holistic focus inclusive of psychos.
TSPO Ligands Promote Cholesterol Efflux and Suppress Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Choroidal Endothelial Cells

Choroidal endothelial cells supply oxygen and nutrients to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and photoreceptors, recycle metabolites, and dispose of metabolic waste through the choroidal blood circulation. Death of the endothelial cells of the choroid may cause abnormal deposits including unesterified and esterified cholesterol beneath RPE cells and within Bruch’s membrane that contribute to the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the most prevalent cause of blindness in older people. Translocator protein (TSPO) is a cholesterol-binding protein that is involved in mitochondrial cholesterol transport and other cellular functions. We have investigated the role of TSPO in choroidal endothelial cells. Immunocytochemistry showed that TSPO was localized to the mitochondria of choroidal endothelial cells. Choroidal endothelial cells exposed to TSPO ligands (Etifoxine or XBD-173) had significantly increased cholesterol efflux, higher expression of cholesterol homeostasis genes (LXRα, CYP27A1, CYP46A1, ABCA1 and ABCG1), and reduced biosynthesis of cholesterol and phospholipids from [14C]acetate, when compared to untreated controls. Treatment with TSPO ligands also resulted in reduced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased antioxidant capacity, and reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF) induced by oxidized LDL. These data suggest TSPO ligands may offer promise for the treatment of AMD.
Multicamera Optical Tracker Assessment for Computer Aided Surgery Applications

Image-guided interventions enable the surgeon to display the position of instruments and devices with respect to the patient’s imaging studies during surgery by means of a tracker device. Optical trackers are commonly chosen for many surgical applications when high accuracy and robustness are required. OptiTrack is a multicamera optical tracker whose number of sensors and their spatial configuration can be adapted to the application requirements, making it suitable for surgical settings. Nonetheless, no extensive studies of its accuracy are available. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate an eight-camera optical tracker in terms of accuracy, miscalibration sensitivity, camera occlusions, and tool detection in a feasible clinical setup. We studied the tracking accuracy of the system using a robotic arm ( ${\sim }\mu \text{m}$ precision) as the gold standard, a single reflective marker, and various tracked objects while the system was installed in an operating room. Miscalibration sensitivity was 0.16°. Mean target error was 0.24 mm for a single marker, decreasing to 0.05 mm for tracked tools. Single-marker error increased up to 1.65 mm when five cameras where occluded although 75% of the working volume showed an error lower than 0.23 mm. The accuracy was sufficient for navigating the collimator in intraoperative electron radiation therapy, improving redundancy and allowing large-working volumes. The tracker assessment we present and the validated miscalibration protocol are important contributions to image-guided surgery, where the choice of the tracker is critical and the knowledge of the accuracy in situations of camera occlusion is mandatory during surgical navigation.
Using a clustering genetic algorithm for rule extraction from artificial neural networks

The main challenge to the use of supervised neural networks in data mining applications is to get explicit knowledge from these models. For this purpose, a study on knowledge acquirement from supervised neural networks employed for classification problems is presented. The methodology is based on the clustering of the hidden units activation values. A clustering genetic algorithm for rule extraction from neural networks is developed. A simple encoding scheme that yields to constant-length chromosomes is used, thus allowing the application of the standard genetic operators. A consistent algorithm to avoid some of the drawbacks of this kind of representation is also developed. In addition, a very simple heuristic is applied to generate the initial population. The individual fitness is determined based on the Euclidean distances among the objects, as well as on the number of objects belonging to each cluster. The developed algorithm is experimentally evaluated in two data mining benchmarks: Iris Plants Database and Pima Indians Diabetes Database. The results are compared with those obtained by the Modified RX Algorithm (E.R. Hruschka and N.F.F. Ebecken, 1999), which is also an algorithm for rule extraction from neural networks.
Photobiomodulation improves the frontal cognitive function of older adults

The frontal lobe hypothesis of age‐related cognitive decline suggests that the deterioration of the prefrontal cortical regions that occurs with aging leads to executive function deficits. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a newly developed, noninvasive technique for enhancing brain function, which has shown promising effects on cognitive function in both animals and humans. This randomized, sham‐controlled study sought to examine the effects of PBM on the frontal brain function of older adults.
Mindful Self-Compassion Training Reduces Stress and Burnout Symptoms Among Practicing Psychologists: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Web-Based Intervention

Objective: The aims of this study were (a) to examine the effects of a 6 weeks web-based mindful self-compassion program on stress and burnout symptoms in a group of practicing psychologists, and (b) to examine relationships between changes in self-compassion and self-coldness and changes in stress and burnout symptoms. Method: In a randomized controlled trial, 101 practicing psychologists were assigned to a training group (n = 51) or a wait-list control group (n = 49). The training encompassed 15 min exercises per day, 6 days a week, for 6 weeks. The participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Shirom Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) pre and post intervention. Results: Eighty-one participants (n = 40 in the training group, n = 41 in the control group) took part in the pre and post intervention assessments. Selective gains for the intervention group were observed for SCS total scores (d = 0.86; d = 0.94 for the SCS), FFMQ scores (d = 0.60), while levels of self-coldness was reduced (d = 0.73). Critically, levels of perceived stress (d = 0.59) and burnout symptoms (d = 0.44 for SMBQ total) were additionally lowered post intervention. Finally, the results confirmed the hypothesis that the measures of distress would be more strongly related to self-coldness than self-compassion, a pattern seen in cross-sectional analyses and, for burnout, also in the longitudinal analyses. Conclusions: This training program appeared effective to increase self-compassion/reduce self-coldness, and to alleviate stress and symptoms of burnout and provide support of the distinction between self-compassion and self-coldness. Additional studies, preferably three-armed RCTs with long-term follow-up, are warranted to further evaluate the effectiveness of the program.
Nondestructive Estimation of Lean Meat Yield of South Korean Pig Carcasses Using Machine Vision Technique

Abstract In this paper, we report the development of a nondestructive prediction model for lean meat percentage (LMP) in Korean pig carcasses and in the major cuts using a machine vision technique. A popular vision system in the meat industry, the VCS2000 was installed in a modern Korean slaughterhouse, and the images of half carcasses were captured using three cameras from 175 selected pork carcasses (86 castrated males and 89 females). The imaged carcasses were divided into calibration (n=135) and validation (n=39) sets and a multilinear regression (MLR) analysis was utilized to develop the prediction equation from the calibration set. The efficiency of the prediction equation was then evaluated by an independent validation set. We found that the prediction equation—developed to estimate LMP in whole carcasses based on six variables—was characterized by a coefficient of determination (Rv2) value of 0.77 (root-mean square error [RMSEV] of 2.12%). In addition, the predicted LMP values for the major cuts: ham, belly, and shoulder exhibited Rv2 values≥0.8 (0.73 for loin parts) with low RMSEV values. However, lower accuracy (Rv(2)=0.67) was achieved for tenderloin cuts. These results indicate that the LMP in Korean pig carcasses and major cuts can be predicted successfully using the VCS2000-based prediction equation developed here. The ultimate advantages of this technique are compatibility and speed, as the VCS2000 imaging system can be installed in any slaughterhouse with minor modifications to facilitate the on-line and real-time prediction of LMP in pig carcasses.
Decreased Intrinsic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network in Drug-Naïve Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have difficulty in switching between obsessive thought and compulsive behavior, which may be related to the dysfunction of the salience network (SN). However, little is known about the changes in intra- and inter- intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of the SN in patients with OCD. In this study, we parceled the SN into 19 subregions and investigated iFC changes for each of these subregions in 40 drug-naïve patients with OCD and 40 healthy controls (HCs) using seed-based functional connectivity resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). We found that patients with OCD exhibited decreased iFC strength between subregions of the SN, as well as decreased inter-network connectivity between SN and DMN, and ECN. These findings highlight a specific alteration in iFC patterns associated with SN in patients with OCD and provide new insights into the dysfunctional brain organization of the SN in patients with OCD.
Issues and perceptions for ISO 9000 implementation in Greek academic libraries

Purpose – Quality has been defined in many different ways and it forms a complex and subjective concept, incorporating at any given time the true (expressed and implied) needs of all those involved. A possible approach in the context of library and information services is the implementation of a well‐known quality management system such as the ISO 9001:2000. This paper aims to investigate and empirically assess the current issues and the perceptions for quality management systems implementation in Greek academic libraries.Design/methodology/approach – An empirical qualitative survey based on the development of a questionnaire for semi‐structured interviews with the directors of Greek academic libraries. The study was conducted during the third quarter of 2007 in regard to the effects of quality management system implementation.Findings – The comparisons between approaches to, and perceptions of, quality management need to be balanced. An interest for ISO 9000:2000/ISO 9001:2000 has been observed in academ.
Multiple early Eocene hyperthermals: Their sedimentary expression on the New Zealand continental margin and in the deep sea

The Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) ca. 55.5 Ma was a geologically brief interval characterized by massive influx of isotopically light carbon, extreme changes in global climate, and profound variations in Earth system processes. An outstanding issue is whether it was an isolated event, or the most prominent example of a recurring phenomenon. Recent studies of condensed deep-sea sections support the latter, but this finding remains uncertain. Here we present and discuss lithologic and carbon isotope records across two lower Eocene outcrops on South Island, New Zealand. The PETM manifests as a marl-rich horizon with a significant negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Above, in sediment deposited between 54 and 53 Ma, are four horizons with similar though less pronounced expressions. Marl beds of all five horizons represent increased terrigenous sedimentation, presumably linked to an accelerated hydrological cycle. Five corresponding clay-rich horizons and CIEs are found in deep-sea records, although the lithologic variations represent carbonate dissolution rather than siliciclastic dilution. The presence of five intervals with similar systemic responses in different environments suggests a mechanism that repeatedly injected large masses of 13 C-depleted carbon during the early Eocene.
Better Neuronal Efficiency After Emotional Competences Training: An fMRI Study

Earlier studies demonstrated that adult emotional competences (EC) can be improved through relatively brief training. This increase has been investigated, thus far, using self-reported questionnaires and behavioral data. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cerebral correlates underlying improvement in EC. An experimental group received an EC training and a control group received brief sessions of drama improvisation. Participants viewed negative, positive, and neutral pictures while attempting to decrease, increase, or not modulate their emotional reactions. Subjective reactions were assessed via on-line ratings. After the intervention, the training group showed less cerebral activity as compared to the control group within different regions related to emotional regulation and attention including prefrontal regions and the bilateral inferior parietal lobule, the right precentral gyrus and the intraparietal sulcus. These results suggest increased neural efficiency in the training group as a result of emotional competencies training.