Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical incident technique : applicability in nursing research

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Growth and feeding ecology with prey preference of Longarm mullet, Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) in brackishwater traditional impoundments of Sundarban, India

The present study was conducted to assess fish growth, feeding ecology with prey preferences of Longarm mullet (Valamugil cunnesius) in brackish water traditional impoundments for 8 months during July, 2015 to March, 2016. Estuarine brackish water (18.68 ppt) containing seeds were entered and water was exchanged (20-30%) every lunar cycle through bamboo screens. Mullets were grown from 1.27±0.99 g (4.8±0.51cm) to 58.50±3.95 g (16.8±0.75cm). The fishes showed isometric growth (W=0.010TL3.025) and better Condition factor (K=1.07±0.05). Feeding intensity increased with increment of fish growth. Longarm mullet is an herbivorous fish grazing on phytoplankton and organic matter from the bottom sediment. According to the order of dominance, the major food items in stomach were Bacillariophyceae > Myxophyceae > Chlorophyceae > Dinoflagellets > Copepods > Polychaetes larvae > Crustacean larvae > Fish & prawn larvae. Prey preference analysis revealed that V. cunnesius actively selected Bacillariophyceae as most preferred food material followed by Myxophyceae  Chlorophyceae > Dinoflagellets.
Remarks on the Lefschetz standard conjecture and hyperkähler varieties

We study the Lefschetz standard conjecture on a smooth complex projective variety X. In degree 2, we reduce it to a local statement concerning local deformations of vector bundles on X. When X is hyperkahler, we show that the existence of nontrivial deformations of stable hyperholomorphic bundles implies the Lefschetz standard conjecture in codimension 2.
Modes of transition and the timing of civil war onset: a comparative analysis of South Ossetia and Kosovo 1

The collapse of socialism in Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and in Central and Eastern European Countries produced an ideological vacuum that favoured the emergence of nationalism and, subsequently, the onset of several ethno-political conflicts in divided societies. Whilst some states found ways to manage internal conflicts peacefully, others did not and territorial disputes within their borders spiraled into civil wars. Actually, most of these conflicts erupted during the transitions from authoritarian rule. The aim of this paper is to explain how the modes of regime change influence the timing of civil war onset, that is why some paths of transition from autocracy favoured the escalation of political violence in the short-run, whilst others delayed the onset of civil war. I operate a basic distinction between transitions from above –when the elite in power has the capabilities to lead the process of regime change and to impose its political agenda to other social actors- and transitions from below –when the opposition leads the transition. I argue that transitions from above are more likely to ensure political stability in the short term since the regimes that emerge from this mode of regime change are more cohesive internally and the government enjoys the support of the military and can rely on a loyal bureaucracy. Since insurgencies are produced by the combined effect of motives, means and opportunity, I argue that the regimes that emerge from imposition from above can restrict the ability of separatist minorities to enhance their military capabilities and reduce the number of political opportunities to challenge the government. On the contrary, regimes that emerge from transition from below are more likely to experience civil war with an ethnic minority in the short term, because of an intrinsic weakness of the elite in power. Actually, when oppositions gain power through formally democratic elections they are certainly backed by the majority of the population, but they need to win the loyalty of the military and of the bureaucracy which can be still loyal to the former regime incumbents. Separatist groups can take advantage of the newcomers’ weaknesses and try to build resources to challenge militarily the state. In this paper a compare the escalation of civil war in South Ossetia and Kosovo and I show how the modes of transition deeply influenced the conflict processes in these two cases: first, I explain how the exclusive transitions from authoritarian rule in Georgia and Serbia alienated ethnic minorities and worsened interethnic relations and then I show how a transition from below in the first case
Seniors Association of Greater Edmonton: survey of members' profile and benefits of membership

Objectives: To evaluate the demographic characteristics and service needs and usage of members of the Seniors Association of Greater Edmonton (Sage). Methods: Four hundred Sage members were randomly selected from the Sage members’ list and contacted to participate in a telephone survey. One hundred and forty eight people responded. Results: The majority of the respondents were female, between 70 and 90 years of age, with at least 12 years of education. Most of the respondents lived alone and did not work in paid employment. The majority of the respondents had not used the whole range of Sage programs and services. Results suggest relationships between participation in programs and seniors age and gender. Very few respondents had used their membership benefits. Conclusion: Not all current programs and services are needed by the majority of current Sage members. Further studies are recommended to identify needs of current members and profile of non-members.
An Analysis of Dynamic Changes in Selected Areas of Sustainable Development of the European Union Countries

Abstract The aim of the study is to determine the pace and directions of changes (understood as: improvement or deterioration) occurring in selected areas of sustainable development of EU Member States. The paper analyzes dynamics of changes in selected areas of sustainable development monitored on the basis of headline indicators published by Eurostat from 2008 to 2015. In the paper, three variants of reference points of synthetic measure of development were considered. On the basis of the obtained results, the countries in which the improvement in the sustainable development and its deterioration can be observed were identified. The results have confirmed the existence of significant developmental disparities between EU Member States in this field, but it should be noted that the obtained results depend on the methodological approach both to the selection of features and the adoption of a specific standardization formula, as well as the considered variants of reference points. The results obtained can be utilized in subsequent years to examine the directions of change observed both from the point of view of European Union as one organization, and the individual EU Member States.
MOISTURE ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS IN YELLOW PITAHAYA (Selenicereusmegalanthus)

Moisture adsorption isotherms for yellow pitahaya fruits were studied at 15, 25, and 35 °C using the gravimetric method for a0.111-0.901 water activity range. Experimental values were adjusted by using the GAB, BET, Henderson, Smith, Caurie, and Peleg models.The isosteric heat of adsorption (Qst) was determined using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The results showed that yellow pitahaya fruitsexhibit type III adsorption isotherms and that the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) is temperature-dependent. For the same water activityvalue, the EMC decreased when temperature increased. The GAB model presented the best fitto the experimental values. The Qst droppedfrom 57.154 to 45.79 kJ/mol when the EMC increased from 0.05 to 0.40 g water/g dry matter, respectively. These results are important forestablishing the best storage conditions for dehydrated pitahaya fruits as well as for shelf-life prediction and the design of packaging materials.
Exploring the Impact of Individual Factors in Taking Cervical Cancer Screening: A Content Analysis

Background: Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death among women in developing country. In Iraqi Kurdistan Region, few women undergo screening and the incidence of cervical cancer is on the increase as is the case in most developing countries. The purpose of this study was to explore women’s individual factors affecting the performance of the cervical cancer screening in Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Trade liberalization and inter-industry productivity spillovers: an analysis of the 1989-1998 Brazilian trade liberalization episode

The desire to increase manufacturing productivity has been a commonly cited goal of the trade liberalization episodes that have swept several developing countries since the 1980s. The literature has found evidence supporting such an increase in productivity. However, this paper finds that the methodology used in the literature ignores inter-industry productivity spillovers and suggests that this omission biases estimates of the impact of import tariff reduction on industry-level productivity. The findings from a case study of the Brazilian trade liberalization episode (1989-1998) indicate that the literature has overestimated the direct effect of trade liberalization by at least 25%, and that inter-industry productivity spillovers exist, are positive, and account for 70% of the increase in productivity that results from a reduction in import tariffs.
POTENTIAL ROLE OF ORGANIC MATTERS AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA (PSB) ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FENUGREEK

A field experiment was conducted during 2009-2011 at the Aligarh Muslim University Agricultural Research Farm, India, to evaluate the efficacious nature of some oil-seed cakes such as neem cake and castor cake, a botanical Calotropis procera and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) Pseudomonas fluorescens singly and in various combinations, on the growth and productivity of Trigonella plant. Growth parameters included fresh and dry weight, pollen fertility (%), pods plant -1 , root-nodule index, nitrate reductase activity, and chlorophyll content. Productivity was calculated in terms of N, P, and K in plant as well as in soil. Although all the parameters were significantly increased in these treatments, single application was comparatively less effective than the combined applications. Among oil-seed cakes, neem cake was found better in promoting plant growth than castor cake, followed by C. procera and PSB. Root-nodulation also showed a considerable increase in combined treatments. Maximum growth and productivity were observed in the combined inoculation of neem cake, castor cake, C. procera and PSB, as compared to other treatments including inorganic fertilizers and untreated one.
The Impact of Accounting Earnings on Stock Returns: The Case of Malaysia’s Plantation Industry

This study seeks to examine, (1) the effect of ROA, ROE and ROCE on stock return for plantation companies listed on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia, in two distinct economic periods, prior to (2004-2006) and during (2007-2008) an economic recession and, (2) the resiliency of the plantation industry in Malaysia. Simple linear regression was used in analyzing the data. It was revealed that ROE had the highest explanatory power in explaining the variation in stock returns. ROA and ROCE were discovered to have a positive and significant relationship to stock returns only during the economic period prior to a recession. It was also discovered that the plantation industry in Malaysia is very resilient and is not adversely affected by an economic recession.
SEPARATING CONSCIOUSLY CONTROLLED AND AUTOMATIC INFLUENCES IN MEMORY FOR NEW ASSOCIATIONS

The process dissociation paradigm was applied to investigate the contributions of automatic and consciously controlled processes to the repetition priming effect for new associations, under elaborative encoding (Experiments 1 and 2) and copy instructions (Experiment 3). Semantically unrelated context-target word pairs were presented during study, and context words and stems were presented during test. Target word stems were paired with the same context words as at study (intact), paired with different context words from study (recombined), or were the stems of unstudied words (control), Participants had to complete stems with the first word that came to mind (indirect), with studied words (inclusion), or with new, unstudied words (exclusion). Results indicated that consciously controlled processes mediated the associative repetition effect under elaborative encoding, whereas automatic processes were implicated under copy instructions.
Inconsistency in the Adoption of IFRS by Nigerian Microfinance Banks

The main objective of any financial reporting is affirmatively to communicate with the users, the true financial position of an enterprise in a summarized and standard form in order to facilitate understanding for economic and related decisions making process. In Nigeria, Statement of Accounting Standard (SAS) has been the official standard in practice before it is being replaced with International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS). From all respects, the SAS has similar objectives like the IFRS only that it operates within Nigeria. This study focuses on the Nigerian Microfinance Banks (MFBs), and the main problem is to address is whether it will be mandatory for these MFBs to adopt this new standard in preparing financial statements despite the high quality SAS, characteristics and uniqueness of these banks? The objective is to provide insights for suggested solution to this question through review of related literature. From the literatures’ findings, it can be concluded that due to the peculiarities of these banks and some challenges facing these banks, adoption of IFRS will not be feasible. This study recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should include in its IFRS compliance financial reporting a special report to accommodate financial and operational activities of the MFBs and that if adoption of IFRS becomes a must for these MFBs, the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN) and the apex body should fully sponsor the conversion costs including the continuous training until the banks can independently apply the standard. Keywords: central bank of Nigeria (CBN), IFRS, Nigerian GAAP, Nigerian microfinance banks.
An elevated large-scale dust veil from the Taklimakan Desert: Intercontinental transport and three-dimensional structure as captured by CALIPSO and regional and global models

Abstract. An intense dust storm occurred during 19–20 May 2007 over the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China. Over the following days, the space-borne lidar CALIOP tracked an optically thin, highly elevated, horizontally extensive dust veil that was transported intercontinentally over eastern Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. A global aerosol transport model (SPRINTARS) simulated the dust veil quite well and provided a three-dimensional view of the intercontinental dust transport. The SPRINTARS simulation revealed that the dust veil traveled at 4–10 km altitudes with a thickness of 1–4 km along the isentropic surface between 310 and 340 K. The transport speed was about 1500 km/day. The estimated dust amount exported to the Pacific was 30.8 Gg, of which 65% was deposited in the Pacific and 18% was transported to the North Atlantic. These results imply that dust veils can fertilize open oceans, add to background dust, and affect the radiative budget at high altitudes through scattering and absorption. The injection mechanism that lifts dust particles into the free atmosphere is important for understanding the formation of the dust veil and subsequent long-range transport. We used a regional dust transport model (RC4) to analyze the dust emission and injection over the source region. The RC4 analysis revealed that strong northeasterly surface winds associated with low pressures invaded the Taklimakan Desert through the eastern corridor. These winds then formed strong upslope wind along the high, steep mountainsides of the Tibetan Plateau and blew large amounts of dust into the air. The updraft lifted the dust particles farther into the upper troposphere (about 9 km above mean sea level, MSL), where westerlies are generally present. The unusual terrain surrounding the Taklimakan Desert played a key role in the injection of dust to the upper troposphere to form the dust veil.
Bird pollinators differ in their tolerance of a nectar alkaloid

Although the function of nectar is to attract and reward pollinators, secondary metabolites produced by plants as anti-herbivore defences are frequently present in floral nectars. Greater understanding is needed of the effects of secondary metabolites in nectar on the foraging behaviour and performance of pollinators, and on plant–pollinator interactions. We investigated how nectar-feeding birds, both specialist (white-bellied sunbirds Cinnyris talatala) and generalist (dark-capped bulbuls Pycnonotus tricolor and Cape white-eyes Zosterops virens), respond to artificial nectar containing the alkaloid nicotine, present in nectar of Nicotiana species. Preference tests were carried out with a range of nicotine concentrations (0.1–300 μM) in two sucrose concentrations (0.25 and 1 M), and for bulbuls also in two sugars (sucrose and hexose). In addition, we measured short-term feeding patterns in white-bellied sunbirds that were offered nicotine (0–50 μM) in 0.63 M sucrose. Both nicotine and sugar concentrations influenced the response of bird pollinators to nicotine. The birds showed dose-dependent responses to nicotine; and their tolerance of high nicotine concentrations was reduced on the dilute 0.25 M sucrose diet, on which they increased consumption to maintain energy intake. White-bellied sunbirds decreased both feeding frequency and feeding duration as the nicotine concentration in artificial nectar increased. Of the three species, bulbuls showed the highest tolerance for nicotine, and sugar type (sucrose or hexose) had no effect. The indifference of bulbuls to nicotine may be related to their primarily frugivorous diet. However, the response of white-eyes to nicotine in the dilute sucrose solution was very similar to that of sunbirds, even though white-eyes are generalist nectar-feeders. Additional testing of other avian nectarivores and different secondary metabolites is required to further elucidate whether generalist bird pollinators, which utilise dilute nectars in which secondary metabolites have stronger deterrent effects, are more tolerant of ‘toxic’ nectar.
Diet nutriment and rearing density affect the growth of black blowfly larvae, Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Larvae of Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were reared, in isolation, upon either lamb's liver or meridic diets that varied in protein- and carbohydrate-content. An artificial diet containing 53% protein (by mass of dry ingredients) resulted in the heaviest P. regina pupae and shortest development time when compared with larvae reared upon lamb`s liver and all other diets. In diets where the concentration of protein was less than that of carbohydrate, the level of carbohydrate became important. In a diet containing 22.6% protein it was neither the diet with the highest (51%) nor lowest (17%) concentration of carbohydrate that adversely affected development. Specifically, an intermediate level of carbohydrate (33.9%) resulted in an extended larval period, together with increased mortality and reduced pupal weights. Larvae reared in groups of 10 on either liver or a diet containing 53% protein were heavier than those reared in isolation. Group-rearing hastened development on liver, but not on the meridic diet. The results are discussed in relation to the nutritional ecology of saprophagous calliphorids.
Do Country and Industry Patterns Contribute to an Optimal Capital Structure?

We investigate evidence the existence of optimal capital structure and carry out an examination across countries and industries to detect systematic capital structure differences. In particular, we examine whether firms aim for an optimal capital structure through changing their debt ratios over time. We find evidence for the presence of systematic patterns in debt ratios and in the ways firms adjust their capital structures. This is indirect evidence for the optimal capital structure model and suggests firms seek the correct capital structure based on firm, industry, and country factors.
The Mediating Effects of Organizational Justice in Determining the Relationship between Performance-Based Pay and Employees’ Turnover Intention

This is a study on employees’ perception of justice towards performance-based pay and the effect of these perceptions on their turnover intention. This study aims to examine the mediating role played by distributive and procedural justice in linking pay distribution and pay procedure of performance-based pay to employees’ turnover intention. A review of past literature in this particular area has prompted the researchers to narrow the gaps in previous studies. Towards that, this study utilized questionnaires which were administered among 50 non-managerial employees currently working in a private company located in Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 20.0. Pearson Correlation and Stepwise Regression were used to examine the relationship between the variables. The outcomes of Stepwise Regression revealed that distributive justice fully mediated the relationship between pay distribution and employees’ turnover intention in contrast to procedural justice which did not have a significant impact in the relationship. The findings of this study are useful references for organisation management of the pay system to improve employees’ performance. Keywords: employees’ turnover intention; organizational justice; performance-based pay
Gender agreement in interface contexts in the oral production of heritage speakers of Spanish in the Netherlands

In this paper we present an analysis of Spanish heritage speakers’ oral production of gender agreement outside the DP as an innovative source of support for the Interface Hypothesis (Sorace & Filiaci 2006). We demonstrate that, besides commonly known factors such as the gender, animacy and morphology of the antecedent, the interface domain in which gender agreement takes place also seems to play a role in how accurately heritage speakers apply gender agreement. Pronominal reference, located at the external syntax-discourse interface, turns out to be more problematic than adjectival predication, which pertains to the internal morpho-syntax interface. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility that, besides the amount of input heritage speakers receive, the quality of this input may also play a role in their gender agreement accuracy, given that the heritage speakers’ error pattern with respect to linguistic factors is very similar to that of first generation immigrants.