Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tobin's q and the Importance of Focus in Firm Performance

Using Tobin's q as a measure of performance, we seek to estimate the relative importance of industry, focus, and share effects in determining firm performance. Our methods are analogous to those of Richard Schmalensee and, like him, we find that industry effects account for the majority of the explained variance. However, we also find that firm effects exist in the form of focus effects, that is, narrowly diversified firms do better than widely diversified firms. We interpret this finding as consistent with profit maximization by firms with different factor endowments.
Involvement of the SppA 1 Peptidase in Acclimation to Saturating Light Intensities in Synechocystis sp . Strain PCC 6803

The sll1703 gene, encoding an Arabidopsis homologue of the thylakoid membrane-associated SppA peptidase, was inactivated by interposon mutagenesis in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Upon acclimation from a light intensity of 50 to 150 E m 2 s , the mutant preserved most of its phycobilisome content, whereas the wild-type strain developed a bleaching phenotype due to the loss of about 40% of its phycobiliproteins. Using in vivo and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that the sppA1 strain does not undergo the cleavage of the LR 33 and LCM 99 linker proteins that develops in the wild type exposed to increasing light intensities. We conclude that a major contribution to light acclimation under a moderate light regime in cyanobacteria originates from an SppA1-mediated cleavage of phycobilisome linker proteins. Together with changes in gene expression of the major phycobiliproteins, it contributes an additional mechanism aimed at reducing the content in phycobilisome antennae upon acclimation to a higher light intensity.
Development and in vitro evaluation of polar lipid based lipospheres for oral delivery of peptide drugs

A 32 factorial design was employed to produce oral sustained release lipospheres prepared by modified double emulsion solvent evaporation technique for Serratiopeptidase (acid-labile enzyme) using wax and polar lipid combination as retardants. The effects of formulation variables selected through preliminary trials namely peptide and stabilizer (Tween® 80) concentration was evaluated by F-test on the drug content and size of lipospheres. The results of analysis of variance tests for both effects indicated that the test is significant (p < 0.05). The effect of Tween® 80 concentration (SSY1- 41.66; SSY2 – 25.30) was found to be higher than peptide amount (SSY1- 3.94; SSY2 – 4.03) on the size and drug content of lipospheres. Characterization was carried out through photomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, particle size analysis and in vitro drug release study. The effect of formulation variables on the integrity of enzyme was confirmed by in vitro proteolytic activity. The drug release from lipospheres followed first-order kinetics and was characterized by the Higuchi diffusion and Ritger-Peppas model. Lipospheres having maximum drug content (11.93±0.89) released 3-4% enzyme at pH 1.2 in 4 h. In phosphate buffer, lipospheres showed an initial burst release of 20.89±1.87% to 27.89±2.03% in one hour with additional 73.22±2.36% to 94.75±2.78% in next 12 hours. Thus, peptide loaded lipospheres with desirable characters in terms of maximum peptide content and diffusion release pattern were successfully prepared with formulation optimization approach. Keywords: Cetyl alcohol, Enzyme, factorial design, Lipospheres; Peptide, Serratiopeptidase
New Evidence on the Forward Unbiasedness Hypothesis in the Foreign Exchange Market

A large empirical literature has tested the unbiasedness hypothesis in the foreign‐exchange market with the use of forward exchange rates. This article amends the conventional testing framework to exploit the information in currency options, with a newly constructed data set for three major dollar exchange rates. The main results are that (a) tests based on stationary regressions suggest that options provide biased predictions of the future spot exchange rate, and (b) co‐integration–based tests that are robust to several statistical problems afflicting stationary regressions and allow for endogeneity issues arising from a potential omitted risk premium term are supportive of unbiasedness. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 26:627–656, 2006
Modelling the intention to use technology for teaching mathematics among pre-service teachers in Serbia

This study aims to examine the variables that influence Serbian pre-service teachers’ intention to use technology to teach mathematics. Using the technology acceptance model (TAM) as the framework, we developed a research model to include subjective norm, knowledge of mathematics, and facilitating conditions as external variables to the TAM. In addition, we investigated the influence of gender and age on the behavioural intention to use technology. With data gathered from 313 participants using a survey questionnaire, structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis revealed that the proposed model in this study has a good fit and accounted for 5.4% of the variance in the behavioural intention to use technology. Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards computers were found to be the only factor with direct influence on the intention to use technology. All other factors were found to have an indirect influence. Using multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) modelling, pre-service teachers’ intention to use technology was not found to be significantly different by age and gender. Various contributions to research and implications for teacher training are discussed.
Emotional Distress Associated with Gynecologic and Breast Cancer in Beni-Suef City

: Background: All women are at risk for breast and gynecologic cancer. There is no doubt that breast and gynecologic cancer is a stressful experience by creating heavy psychological trauma for the woman and has great impact on psychological and emotional health of women. Depression and anxiety consider the emotional disturbances which usually associated with cancer. Aim: assess prevalence rate and investigate the emotional effects of gynecologic and breast cancer. Subjects and Methods: For this study, data were collected through in-depth interviews for the convenience of 200 cancers diagnosed female who were admitted in inpatient wards and/or attending to outpatient gynecological and surgery clinics at University Hospital and General Hospital in Beni-Suef city. Results: The findings of this study indicated that, all types of gynecologic and breast cancer women suffered from different degrees of anxiety and depression. Breast, ovarian, cervical, vulval cancers have significant relations with symptoms of depression scale score. Emotional distress symptoms were severe in women aged 30-40 years, the secondary education level. Depression and anxiety symptoms were more observable in housewives, urbanized, nuclear and not crowded families, compared with working, rural, extended and crowded ones. A statistically significant impact of pain related menstruation, surgical intervention and its type and symptoms of depression scale score. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that, there is a statistically significant association between cancer women and emotional distress symptoms.
Chemistry of C 3 and carbon chain molecules in DR21(OH)

Context. C3 is the smallest pure carbon chain detected in the dense environment of star-forming regions, although diatomic C2 is detected in diffuse clouds. Measurement of the abundance of C3 and the chemistry of its formation in dense star-forming regions has remained relatively unexplored. Aims. We aim to identify the primary C3 formation routes in dense star-forming regions following a chemical network producing species like CCH and c-C3H2 in the star-forming cores associated with DR21(OH), a high-mass star-forming region. Methods. We observed velocity resolved spectra of four ro-vibrational far-infrared transitions of C3 between the vibrational ground state and the low-energy ν2 bending mode at frequencies between 1654–1897 GHz using HIFI on board Herschel, in DR21(OH). Several transitions of CCH and c-C3H2 were also observed with HIFI and the IRAM 30 m telescope. Rotational temperatures and column densities for all chemical species were estimated. A gas and grain warm-up model was used to obtain estimates of densities and temperatures of the envelope. The chemical network in the model was used to identify the primary C3 forming reactions in DR21(OH). Results. We detected C3 in absorption in four far-infrared transitions, P(4), P(10), Q(2), and Q(4). The continuum sources MM1 and MM2 in DR21(OH), though spatially unresolved, are sufficiently separated in velocity to be identified in the C3 spectra. All C3 transitions are detected from the embedded source MM2 and the surrounding envelope, whereas only Q(4) and P(4) are detected toward the hot core MM1. The abundance of C3 in the envelope and MM2 is ∼6 × 10 −10 and ∼3 × 10 −9 , respectively. For CCH and c-C3H2, we only detect emission from the envelope and MM1. The observed CCH, C3 and c-C3H2 abundances are most consistent with a chemical model with nH2 ∼ 5 × 10 6 cm −3 , a post-warm-up dust temperature Tmax = 30 K, and a time of ∼ 0.7–3 Myr. Conclusions. Post-warm-up gas phase chemistry of CH4 released from the grain at t ∼ 0.2 Myr and lasting for 1 Myr can explain the observed C3 abundance in the envelope of DR21(OH), and no mechanism involving photodestruction of PAH molecules is required. The chemistry in the envelope is similar to the warm carbon chain chemistry found in lukewarm corinos. We interpret the observed lower C3 abundance in MM1 as compared to MM2 and the envelope to be due to the destruction of C3 in the more evolved MM1. The timescale for the chemistry derived for the envelope is consistent with the dynamical timescale of 2 Myr derived for DR21(OH) in other studies.
The Relationship between Earnings Momentum and Price Momentum in Different Market - The Case of the China Market

This study focuses on the stocks that are listed in A- and H-share markets from January 2000 to December 2009. Following Chan, Jegadeesh and Lakonishok (1996), we test the profitability of price momentum and earnings momentum strategies under different market systems and accounting standards. In addition, we also adopt the method documented by Chordia and Shivakuma (2006) to examine whether earnings momentum and price momentum are related. The empirical results show that the price momentum effect has a significant and persistent phenomenon in H-share market instead of A-share market. Besides, the earnings momentum strategy would generate a significantly positive return in each market. This implies that the difference of accounting information content between the two markets does not inflect the profitability of earnings momentum strategy. Due to the price momentum strategy have an insignificant return in the A-share market, we only focus on the discussion of relationship between earnings and price momentum in H-shares. From the results, we find that price momentum is captured by the earnings momentum. The predictive power of past returns is subsumed by a strategy that buying the highest earnings surprise portfolio and selling the lowest earnings surprise portfolio.
Relations between stomatal closure, leaf turgor and xylem vulnerability in eight tropical dry forest trees

This study examined the linkage between xylem vulnerability, stomatal response to leaf water potential ( Y L ), and loss of leaf turgor in eight species of seasonally dry tropical forest trees. In order to maximize the potential variation in these traits species that exhibit a range of leaf habits and phenologies were selected. It was found that in all species stomatal conductance was responsive to Y L over a narrow range of water potentials, and that Y L inducing 50% stomatal closure was correlated with both the Y L inducing a 20% loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf water potential at turgor loss in all species. In contrast, there was no correlation between the water potential causing a 50% loss of conductivity in the stem xylem, and the water potential at stomatal closure ( Y Y Y SC ) amongst species. It was concluded that although both leaf and xylem characters are correlated with the response of stomata to Y L, there is considerable flexibility in this linkage. The range of responses is discussed in terms of the differing leaf-loss strategies exhibited by these species.
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen uptake , nitrogen use efficiency of rice

Nitrogen is one of the most yield–limiting nutrients in lowland rice in Iran. Three rice cultivars (Hashemi, Kazemi, Khazar) in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications were used to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency, yield and characteristics of nitrogen uptake during two years (2008-2009) in paddy soil in Guilan province, Iran. In this experiment, four treatments including: N1-control (no N fertilizer); N230 kg ha N (at transplanting time); N360 kg ha N (at transplanting, and tillering times); N490 kg ha N were compared. Results showed that total N uptake, physiological Nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency (ANRE) and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) was varied in different cultivars significantly and Khazar variety had the highest contents. Total N uptake, physiological N use efficiency (PNUE), agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) was varied significantly with the increasement of the amount of nitrogen applied. As total N uptake increased with increasing in N fertilizing contents but physiological N use efficiency (PNUE), Agronomic Nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) decreased. There were significant differences in the effects of applying nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and characteristics of nitrogen uptake.
Job satisfaction theories: Traceability to employee performance in organizations

Job satisfaction and employee performance has been a topic of research for decades. Whether job satisfaction influences employee satisfaction in organizations remains a crucial issue to managers and psychologists. That is where the problem lies. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to trace the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance in organizations with particular reference to Nigeria. Related literature on the some theories of job satisfaction such as affective events, two-factor, equity and job characteristics was reviewed and findings from these theories indicate that a number of factors like achievement, recognition, responsibility, pay, work conditions and so on, have positive influence on employee performance in organizations. The paper adds to the theoretical debate on whether job satisfaction impacts positively on employee performance. It concludes that though the concept of job satisfaction is complex, using appropriate variables and mechanisms can go a long way in enhancing employee performance. It recommends that managers should use those factors that impact employee performance to make them happy, better their well being and the environment. It further specifies appropriate mechanisms using a theoretical approach to support empirical approaches which often lack clarity as to why the variables are related.
A coronal hole jet observed with Hinode and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (Special Issue : Recent results from Hinode)

A small blowout jet was observed at the boundary of the south coronal hole on 2011 February 8 at around 21:00 UT. Images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) revealed an expanding loop rising from one footpoint of a compact, bipolar bright point. Magnetograms from the Helioseismic Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board SDO showed that the jet was triggered by the cancelation of a parasitic positive polarity feature near the negative pole of the bright point. The jet emission was present for 25 mins and it extended 30 Mm from the bright point. Spectra from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on board Hinode yielded a temperature and density of 1.6 MK and 0.9-1.7 10( exp 8) cu cm for the ejected plasma. Line-of-sight velocities reached up to 250 km/s. The density of the bright point was 7.6 10(exp 8) cu cm, and the peak of the bright point's emission measure occurred at 1.3 MK, with no plasma above 3 MK.
Biological studies on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails treated with Furcraea selloa marginata plant (family: Agavaceae) and Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Dipel-2x)

Effect of the dry leaves powder water suspension of the plant Furcraea selloa marginata, belonging to family Agavaceae and Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Dipel-2x) was evaluated against non-infected and Schistosoma mansoni-infected Biomphalaria alexandrina snails as well as their efficacy against the free larval stages of S. mansoni. The obtained results indicated that the LC50 and LC90 values after 24 hrs exposure were 53.66 & 84.35 ppm for F. selloa marginata and 392.3 & 483.64 ppm for B. thuringiensis kurstaki against adult B. alexandrina snails, respectively. The plant F. selloa marginata and B. thuringiensis kurstaki have a larvicidal activity against S. mansoni larvae (miracidia and cercariae), the plant F. selloa marginata was more toxic against larvae than B. thuringiensis kurstaki, the miracidia were more sensitive towards the toxic action of the tested agents than cercariae and the mortality percent of miracidia and cercariae is directly proportional to the time and the tested concentrations. The results revealed that the tested sub-lethal concentrations (LCo, LC10 and LC25) reduced the survival, growth rates and egg laying capacity of both non-infected and S. mansoni-infected snails during 12 weeks of exposure in comparison with their control group. The hatchability percent of B. alexandrina eggs of one, three and six days old exposed to LCo, LC10, LC25, LC50 & LC90 concentrations of F. selloa marginata and B. thuringinesis kurstaki, significantly decreased by increasing their age and the tested concentrations. Exposing B. alexandrina snails to sub-lethal concentrations of the tested agents for 24 hours either pre-, during or post exposure of snails to S. mansoni miracidia caused a marked reduction in the infection rate and decreased the mean total number of shedding cercariae/snail. Also, elongated their prepatent period (cercarial incubation period) and shortened the duration of cercarial shedding in comparison with their control group. Under semi-field conditions the more time of exposure to the concentration (LC90= 84.35 ppm) of the plant F. selloa marginata the more mortality among snails. The mortality rates of the snails were 0%, 2%, 18% and 30% at 3, 6, 12 and 24 hrs post exposure, respectively.
EVALUATION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION AFTER CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has introduced as new treatment strategy in heart failure (HF) patients and some of its effects have been investigated. The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of CRT in the improvement of left ventricular systolic function indicated by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in HF patients. Materials and Methods: In our prospective study 22 HF patients with NYHA class III and above, QRS duration>120 ms and EF (ejection fraction) ≤35% who were candidates for CRT enrolled. Patients were evaluated for NYHA class, QRS width, left ventricular endsystolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and LVEF before and two months after the CRT procedure. Paired-t test analysis used to compare the before and post-CRT data statistically. Results: Initial evaluation showed that all of the patients were in NYHA class III before CRT. Two months after CRT, all of the patients improved their NYHA class in a way that 18 patients (82%) were in NYHA class I and the other 4 (18%) were in NYHA class II. The mean (SD) QRS width decreased significantly after biventricular (BiV) pacing (p<0.001). Also a significant decrease in LVESV, LVEDV and increase in LVEF was shown in HF patients after CRT (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study showed the efficacy of CRT in improvement of LVEF in HF patients with wide QRS after two months from CRT
Study of La-Incorporated HfO2 MIM Structure Fabricated Using PLD System for Analog/Mixed Signal Applications

Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors with Al/HfO2/La2O3/Al structure were fabricated using pulse laser deposition for the first time and were further investigated for their electrical and morphological properties. The MIM capacitors for future applications in analog/mixed signal circuits need further improvement in their electrical characteristics. We have fabricated MIM capacitors having low leakage current density of ~9.6 × 10-9 A/cm2 at -1 V and high-capacitance density ~20.8 fF/μm2 at 3.5 V for 100-Hz frequency. The frequency dispersion effect of these MIM capacitors is observed to be quite small. We have also obtained an improved voltage coefficient of capacitance of ~101 ppm/V2 at 1 MHz along with improved dielectric constant which is one of the most important parameters for next generation MIM capacitors. The physical thickness of HfO2 /La2O3 dielectric film stack is found to be 13 nm in cross-section TEM. This value of physical thickness is consistent with the low EOT ~1.66-nm estimated using C-V curve. Morphological studies of having nanostructured film morphology with low roughness are consistent with the electrical characteristics of MIM capacitors. Further improvement in electrical properties like lower leakage current density, etc., has been obtained in post metallic annealed MIM capacitors. We have observed Schottky emission as the dominant current conduction mechanism for these MIM capacitors.
Analysis and Design of Broadband LC-Ladder FET LNAs Using Noise Match Network

A noise match network for the LC-ladder input network of a broadband inductively source-degenerated common-source (CS) field effect transistor (FET) low-noise amplifier (LNA) is established through noise transformation matrix to derive the noise parameters of a broadband LNA. Analytical formulas for the noise factors of a CS FET LNA with a three-section LC-ladder input network are thus obtained based on the design algorithm of optimal noise and input match developed in this paper. Two 3.7–10.5 GHz two-stage LNAs of the same topology are demonstrated using 0.15- $\mu \text{m}$ pHEMT technology to validate the design methodology. One LNA has all the fully integrated inductors and the other uses two on-chip inductors replaced by two high-Q bondwire inductors for better noise performance. The measurement results show 11-dB power gain with 2.1-dB noise figure for the LNA with the fully integrated inductors and 11-dB power gain with 1.6-dB noise figure for the LNA with two bondwire inductors, respectively.