Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis and Stenosis in Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome

Obstruction of cerebral venous outflow and a resulting impairment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) resorption have been postulated for many years to be a cause of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Cerebral venous outflow influences intracranial pressure (ICP) directly because of the hydrodynamics of CSF reabsorption into the cerebral venous sinus system. When structural venous outflow is seen, it is inappropriate to state that patients have IIH, but they may be categorized as pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) syndrome. Patients with tumor encroaching on the venous sinuses, often the posterior aspect of the superior sagittal sinus, may develop increased ICP. Meningioma is the most common lesion to narrow and even infiltrate the superior sagittal sinus, and these tumors present a significant surgical challenge because sacrifice of the venous sinus can be catastrophic, and reconstruction may be difficult. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) can occur with tumor infiltration and also in isolation, and CVST should be considered in all patients presenting with signs and symptoms of elevated ICP, especially when the onset of symptoms is quite rapid. Risk factors for CVST are described below; endothelial changes do not typically occur with local tumor compression, and turbulent flow as well as physical obstruction of flow rather than intraluminal factors are the major contributors to the disease state.
Satisfaction With Information and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Cancer: THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION PREFERENCE

Earlier studies have shown that patients are dissatisfied with the information they receive from doctors and nurses. The purpose of this study was to analyze satisfaction with information and quality of life in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, considering the patient’s information preference. Data were collected during interviews with 30 consecutive patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. The subject of the interviews was the satisfaction of patients with the information they received, and additional measures used were the Miller Behavioral Styles Scale and EORTC-QLQ-30. The results showed that 21 of 30 patients were satisfied with the information they received from health care. Married patients or cohabitants were satisfied more often than single patients. No significant differences in quality of life could be found between satisfied and dissatisfied patients. Regarding information preferences, the dissatisfied patients reported more information-avoiding behavior than those who were satisfied. The results must be interpreted cautiously because of the study’s limitations, but one clinical implication can be stated: There is value in being aware of patients’ information-seeking/avoiding behavior before starting to inform them.
Nutritional and biochemical characterization of Methanospirillum hungatii

To ascertain its physiological similarity to other methanogenic bacteria, Methanospirillum hungatii, the type species of the genus, was characterized nutritionally and biochemically. Good growth occurred in a medium consisting of mineral salts, cysteine sulfide reducing buffer, and an H2-CO2 (80:20) atmosphere. Addition of amino acids and B vitamins stimulated growth. Cell-free extracts contained methylcobalamin-coenzyme M methyltransferase, methylreductase, and formate hydrogenlyase. Cells contained coenzyme M and coenzyme F420. Coenzyme F420 was required for formate hydrogenlyase activity. Coenzyme F420 purified from M. hungatii had identical properties to that purified from species of Methanobacterium. The physiological basis of the family Methanobacteriaceae is strengthened by these findings.
Self-Renewal and Differentiation of Reactive Astrocyte-Derived Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Isolated from the Cortical Peri-Infarct Area after Stroke

In response to stroke, subpopulations of cortical reactive astrocytes proliferate and express proteins commonly associated with neural stem/progenitor cells such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Nestin. To examine the stem cell-related properties of cortical reactive astrocytes after injury, we generated GFAP-CreERTM;tdRFP mice to permanently label reactive astrocytes. We isolated cells from the cortical peri-infarct area 3 d after stroke, and cultured them in neural stem cell medium containing epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. We observed tdRFP-positive neural spheres in culture, suggestive of tdRFP-positive reactive astrocyte-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (Rad-NSCs). Cultured Rad-NSCs self-renewed and differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Pharmacological inhibition and conditional knock-out mouse studies showed that Presenilin 1 and Notch 1 controlled neural sphere formation by Rad-NSCs after stroke. To examine the self-renewal and differentiation potential of Rad-NSCs in vivo, Rad-NSCs were transplanted into embryonic, neonatal, and adult mouse brains. Transplanted Rad-NSCs were observed to persist in the subventricular zone and secondary Rad-NSCs were isolated from the host brain 28 d after transplantation. In contrast with neurogenic postnatal day 4 NSCs and adult NSCs from the subventricular zone, transplanted Rad-NSCs differentiated into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, but not neurons, demonstrating that Rad-NSCs had restricted differentiation in vivo. Our results indicate that Rad-NSCs are unlikely to be suitable for neuronal replacement in the absence of genetic or epigenetic modification.
Pool Strategy of a Price-Maker Wind Power Producer

We consider the problem of a wind power producer trading energy in short-term electricity markets. The producer is a price-taker in the day-ahead market, but a price-maker in the balancing market, and aims at optimizing its expected revenues from these market floors. The problem is formulated as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) and cast as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP), which can be solved employing off-the-shelf optimization software. The optimal bid is shown to deliver significantly improved performance compared to traditional bids such as the conditional mean or median forecast of wind power distribution. Finally, sensitivity analyses are carried out to assess the impact on the offering strategy of the producer's penetration in the market, of the correlation between wind power production and residual system deviation, and of the shape of the forecast distribution of wind power production.
Structural MRI correlates of cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis

In a multicenter setting, we applied voxel‐based methods to different structural MR imaging modalities to define the relative contributions of focal lesions, normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM), and gray matter (GM) damage and their regional distribution to cognitive deficits as well as impairment of specific cognitive domains in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Approval of the institutional review boards was obtained, together with written informed consent from all participants. Standardized neuropsychological assessment and conventional, diffusion tensor and volumetric brain MRI sequences were collected from 61 relapsing‐remitting MS patients and 61 healthy controls (HC) from seven centers. Patients with ≥2 abnormal tests were considered cognitively impaired (CI). The distribution of focal lesions, GM and WM atrophy, and microstructural WM damage were assessed using voxel‐wise approaches. A random forest analysis identified the best imaging predictors of global cognitive impairment and deficits of specific cognitive domains. Twenty‐three (38%) MS patients were CI. Compared with cognitively preserved (CP), CI MS patients had GM atrophy of the left thalamus, right hippocampus and parietal regions. They also showed atrophy of several WM tracts, mainly located in posterior brain regions and widespread WM diffusivity abnormalities. WM diffusivity abnormalities in cognitive‐relevant WM tracts followed by atrophy of cognitive‐relevant GM regions explained global cognitive impairment. Variable patterns of NAWM and GM damage were associated with deficits in selected cognitive domains. Structural, multiparametric, voxel‐wise MRI approaches are feasible in a multicenter setting. The combination of different imaging modalities is needed to assess and monitor cognitive impairment in MS. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1627‐1644, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Liquid and Freeze-dried Strains of B.C.G. Vaccine in Preventing Tuberculosis

Analysis of the tuberculosis notifications and the statistics of B.C.G. vaccinations among 13-year-old schoolchildren in Birmingham, England, between 1953 and 1969 shows that the Copenhagen strain of B.C.G. (liquid batches issued 1953-61) and the Glaxo Laboratories strain (freeze-dried batches issued 1962-68) were of similar high efficacy in the prevention of tuberculosis. The method of analysis could be used for the surveillance of the protective efficacy of B.C.G. vaccine in other population groups where it is used routinely but not universally.
Distribution of the P-associated-pilus (pap) region among Escherichia coli from natural sources: evidence for horizontal gene transfer

Variation in chromosomal DNA in Escherichia coli was studied with probes specific for the P-associated-pilus (pap) region. The presence of DNA homologous to pap was determined by dot blots. Variation in the number of copies of pap and in the organization of internal and flanking sequences was determined by Southern blot hybridization. The 229 strains studied were also classified by O:K:H serotyping and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. There was considerable heterogeneity in the presence of pap and distribution of pap-homologous DNA in these E. coli strains from natural sources. In general, there was less variation in pap among strains of the same specific O:K:H serotype and enzyme electrophoretic type than among random isolates. There were, however, E. coli strains identified as members of the same clone by O:K:H serotyping and enzyme electrophoresis that were pap positive and pap negative or had different Southern blot patterns for the pap probes (pap type). There were also isolates of the same pap type that differed in two of three O:K:H serotype antigens and the majority of enzymes that determined their enzyme electrophoretic type. These latter two observations were interpreted as evidence for the horizontal (infectious) transfer of the pap-homologous sequences among clones of E. coli.
Les représentations socio-spatiales de la ville de Mexico : expérience urbaine, images collectives et médiatiques d'une métropole géante

L'objet de cette recherche a ete d'etudier la representation socio-spatiale de Mexico dans son contexte historique et culturel recent, en examinant particulierement trois perspectives : celle des residents, celle des representants des instances du pouvoir local et celle de la presse ecrite. Nous avons realise une enquete aupres d'un echantillon de residents du DF et des fonctionnaires du gouvernement local, ainsi qu'une analyse d'articles sur la ville publies par deux journaux Mexicains (La Jornada et Excelsior) pendant l'annee de transition du pouvoir local (1997-1998). Les resultats montrent que Mexico est concue comme un espace global ou convergent 4 aspects de la relation de l'habitant avec sa ville : les dimensions personnelle-affective, socio-culturelle, politique et materielle ou physique. L'image collective est composee d'un nombre reduit de sites prestigieux et connus de tous, concentree sur un territoire assez restreint et reflete quelques traits du developpement historique de la ville, tels que la coexistence du modele urbain colonial et fonctionnaliste moderne, l'opposition centre-peripherie et un partage socio-economique sud-ouest/nord-est. La lecture des monuments urbains se fait en fonction non seulement de l'histoire officielle ou du pouvoir politique, mais egalement d'une appropriation et utilisation spontanee et vivante de l'espace de la part d'individus et groupes divers. Dans les discours de la presse et de nos interviewes l'avenir de l'agglomeration semble incertain, teinte d'un certain pessimisme.
Concept of Template Synthesis of Proteoglycans

It is accepted in modern genomics that only a minor portion (1-5%) of the genome contains information about the primary structure of protein molecules. The higher is the organism on the evolutionary ladder, the lower the density of genetic information, in the modern sense of the term, per kilobase (kb). For instance (Table 1), this parameter is 1-1.7 kb per gene in bacteria and more than 30 kb per gene in human.
Smartsweep: context-aware modeling on a single image

Creating complementary objects for existing items is common in personal fabrication. However, most supportive systems focus more on 3D inputs [Weichel et al. 2014] and use less 2D information, even though images are easier to obtain than 3D objects in practice. Besides, even with a reference 3D model, it still requires tedious manual work to create a complementary object.
Self-reported Knowledge of School Students and their Teachers - Risks and Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease

Methods: Third grade intermediate and all three grades of secondary school male and female students in Al Khobar area were selected. Multistage stratified sampling design was adopted. A total of 2571 students was selected comprising 1240 males and 1331 females. All teachers in the selected schools were included (142 males and 210 females). Two sets of self-administered questionnaires were used: one for male students and their teachers and one for female students and their teachers.
Comparative Activities of TR-700 (Torezolid) against Staphylococcal Blood Isolates Collected in Spain

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of TR-700 (torezolid) was evaluated against a collection of 660 staphylococcal blood isolates. TR-700 showed excellent activity against all the staphylococci tested. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of TR-700, linezolid, daptomycin, and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were 0.25 and 0.5, 2 and 4, 0.5 and 0.5, and 1 and 2 μg/ml, respectively. TR-700 demonstrated greater in vitro potency than linezolid against staphylococci, including linezolid-resistant and vancomycin-nonsusceptible strains, and was 32-fold more active than linezolid against the seven cfr-positive MRSA strains tested.
Woody community dynamics in two fragments of "cerrado" stricto sensu over a seven-year period (1995-2002), MA, Brazil

This study was conducted in two fragments of "cerrado" stricto sensu in the Gerais de Balsas Colonization Project, located in southern Maranhao, Brazil. The objective was to evaluate the dynamics of the woody plant community, over seven years (1995-2002). Four transects of 160 × 20 m were monitored. All woody plants with a stem diameter > 3 cm, at 0.30 m above ground level, were recorded. In 1995, 983 and 1,177 stems were sampled in fragments 1 and 2, respectively; in 2002, 1057 and 1406 stems were sampled in the same fragments. In 1995, the Shannon diversity indices (H') were 3.07 and 3.33, in fragments 1 and 2, respectively, reaching their maximum value in 2002 of 3.11 and 3.35. The community of fragment 1 showed an increase of 7.5% in density and 4.4% in basal area between 1995 and 2002, while in fragment 2 there was an increment of 19.4% in density and 23.5% in basal area, over the same period. The annual increment in diameter was 0.13 cm year-1 and 0.17 cm year-1 in fragments 1 and 2, respectively. The mortality rate was 2.73% per year in fragment 1 and 4.88% per year in fragment 2, while the recruitment rate was 3.25% per year and 5.86% per year, respectively. The community presented high recruitment and mortality rates compared to the studies conducted in other sites, indicating a community that was highly dynamic in the period studied.
Heterotypic endosomal fusion as an initial trigger for insulin‐induced glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation in skeletal muscle

Comprehensive imaging analyses of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) behaviour in mouse skeletal muscle was conducted. Quantum dot‐based single molecule nanometry revealed that GLUT4 molecules in skeletal myofibres are governed by regulatory systems involving ‘static retention’ and ‘stimulus‐dependent liberation’. Vital imaging analyses and super‐resolution microscopy‐based morphometry demonstrated that insulin liberates the GLUT4 molecule from its static state by triggering acute heterotypic endomembrane fusion arising from the very small GLUT4‐containing vesicles in skeletal myofibres. Prior exposure to exercise‐mimetic stimuli potentiated this insulin‐responsive endomembrane fusion event involving GLUT4‐containing vesicles, suggesting that this endomembranous regulation process is a potential site related to the effects of exercise.
Analysis and Experimental Implementation of Grid Frequency Regulation Using Behind-the-Meter Batteries Compensating for Fast Load Demand Variations

This paper proposes a new grid frequency regulation (GFR) scheme using behind-the-meter battery energy storage systems (BESSs). The fast dynamic responses of the electrical BESSs enable buildings to compensate for the high-frequency components of load demand variations, through direct load control (DLC). An electrical system in a building, along with its building-level and device-level controllers, is considered to address the difficulties in the application of DLC, especially in communicating with several small-scale BESSs. A small-signal analysis is carried out using the aggregated responses of the generators and the DLC-enabled buildings to investigate the proposed GFR scheme, particularly with respect to the feedback controllers for the buildings. Simulation studies are performed using a test grid for various penetrations of the DLC-enabled buildings, and the test grid is implemented using a laboratory-scale microgrid. The proposed GFR is effective in reducing the frequency deviations and required reserve capacity of the generators, which is achieved by making small variations in the state-of-charge of the behind-the-meter battery.
Investigation of the influence of process and design on soft error rate in integrated CMOS technologies thanks to Monte Carlo simulation

This work shows the capabilities of Monte Carlo simulation based on nuclear database to identify the influence of device parameters and process on Single Cell Upset and Multicell Upset rates in integrated bulk and SOI CMOS technologies up to 65 nm. The method is applicable both to SRAM and logic cells, and is valid for high energy and thermal neutrons.
Accumulating evidence for a drug-drug interaction between methotrexate and proton pump inhibitors.

BACKGROUND A number of medications are known to interact with methotrexate through various mechanisms. The aim of this article is to apprise practitioners of a new labeling change based on the accumulating evidence for a possible drug-drug interaction between methotrexate (primarily at high doses) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). METHODS The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) database of spontaneous adverse event reports and the published literature were searched for cases reporting an interaction between methotrexate and PPIs. RESULTS A search of the AERS database and existing literature found several individual case reports of drug-drug interactions and three additional supportive studies that suggest potential underlying mechanisms for the interaction. CONCLUSION There is evidence to suggest that concomitant use of methotrexate (primarily at high doses) with PPIs such as omeprazole, esomeprazole, and pantoprazole may decrease methotrexate clearance, leading to elevated serum levels of methotrexate and/or its metabolite hydroxymethotrexate, possibly leading to methotrexate toxicities. In several case reports, no methotrexate toxicity was found when a histamine H2 blocker was substituted for a PPI. Based on the reviewed data, the FDA updated the methotrexate label to include the possible drug-drug interaction between high-dose methotrexate and PPIs. Physicians should be alerted to this potential drug-drug interaction in patients receiving concomitant high-dose methotrexate and PPIs.
Sociodemographic characteristics and drinking status as predictors of older women's health.

As part of a U.S. national survey of women's drinking and life experiences, the authors used responses from a subsample (n = 245) of women aged 55-90 years (M = 65.8 years) to examine the relationship of sociodemographic characteristics (income, marital status, and occupational status) and drinking status to several health outcomes (self-perceived general health, depression, sexual satisfaction, and sexual dysfunction). In all analyses, the authors controlled for respondent age. Results indicated that higher household income predicted greater lifetime and current sexual satisfaction with a partner as well as higher general health ratings. Women drinkers also reported better general health than did abstainers. An interaction between marital status (married or cohabitating vs. nonmarried) and employment status (employed vs. nonemployed) was a predictor of general health ratings. The authors found significant contrasts among the 4 groups when they controlled for age, income, and drinking status: (a) Among the employed respondents, the nonmarried women reported better general health than did the married women; and (b) among nonmarried respondents, the employed women reported better general health than did the nonemployed women.
Comparison of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging Derived Carotid Plaque Stiffness With Spatially Registered MRI Determined Composition

Measurements of plaque stiffness may provide important prognostic and diagnostic information to help clinicians distinguish vulnerable plaques containing soft lipid pools from more stable, stiffer plaques. In this preliminary study, we compare in vivo ultrasonic Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging derived measures of carotid plaque stiffness with composition determined by spatially registered Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in five human subjects with stenosis >50%. Ultrasound imaging was implemented on a commercial diagnostic scanner with custom pulse sequences to collect spatially registered 2D longitudinal B-mode and ARFI images. A standardized, multi-contrast weighted MRI sequence was used to obtain 3D Time of Flight (TOF), T1 weighted (T1W), T2 weighted (T2W), and Proton Density Weighted (PDW) transverse image stacks of volumetric data. The MRI data was segmented to identify lipid, calcium, and normal loose matrix components using commercially available software. 3D MRI segmented plaque models were rendered and spatially registered with 2D B-mode images to create fused ultrasound and MRI volumetric images for each subject. ARFI imaging displacements in regions of interest (ROIs) derived from MRI segmented contours of varying composition were compared. Regions of calcium and normal loose matrix components identified by MRI presented as homogeneously stiff regions of similarly low (typically ≈ 1 μm) displacement in ARFI imaging. MRI identified lipid pools > 2 mm2, found in three out of five subjects, presented as softer regions of increased displacement that were on average 1.8 times greater than the displacements in adjacent regions of loose matrix components in spatially registered ARFI images. This work provides early evidence supporting the use of ARFI imaging to noninvasively identify lipid regions in carotid artery plaques in vivo that are believed to increase the propensity of a plaque to rupture. Additionally, the results provide early training data for future studies and aid in the interpretation and possible clinical utility of ARFI imaging for identifying the elusive vulnerable plaque.