Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality of life of HIV patients and influential factors.

AIM To identify quality of life in HIV patients and to investigate associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional comparative study of HIV patients visiting the outpatient clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Hospital and Dharmais Cancer Hospital was conducted between March and June 2003. Subjects were patients willing to fill in the SF-36 questionnaire, and willing to undergo physical examination and laboratory tests. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the determinant factors that dominantly affect the quality of life in HIV patients. RESULTS From 107 HIV subjects, we found poor quality of life. The score of HIV patients' quality of life components was as follows: mean physical function 49.2, social function 46.4, limitations due to physical factor 43.2, limitations due to emotional factor 48.8, mental health 50.7, energy 48.8, pain 54.7 and general health 42.7. The mean quality of life score for physical components in HIV patients was 47.45 while the mean quality of life score for mental components was 48.075. Factors that dominantly contribute to the quality of life in HIV patients are, respectively, the presence of opportunistic infection (p=0.001 OR=5.297 CI 1.974-14.218) and ARV therapy for more than 3 months (p=0.048 OR=4.487 CI 1.011-19.908). CONCLUSION Both physical and mental components in HIV patients demonstrated poor quality of life. Factors that dominantly contribute to the quality of life in HIV patients are, the presence of opportunistic infection and ARV therapy for more than 3 months.
Partitioning techniques for large-grained parallelism

A model is presented for parallel processing in loosely coupled multiprocessing environments, such as a network of computer workstations, which are amenable to large-grained parallelism. The model takes into account the overhead involved in communicating data to and from a remote processor and can be used to partition optimally a large class of computations. This class consists of computations that can be organized as a one-level tree, and are homogeneous and separable. The optimal partition can be determined for a given number of processors and, if required, the optimal number of processors to use can also be derived. The authors present experimental results that validate their model and demonstrate its effectiveness. <<ETX>>
Microscopic Distributions of Defect Luminescence From Subgrain Boundaries in Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers

We investigate the microscopic distributions of sub-band-gap luminescence emission (the so-called D-lines D1/D2/D3/D4) and the band-to-band luminescence intensity, near recombination-active subgrain boundaries in multicrystalline silicon wafers for solar cells. We find that the sub-band-gap luminescence from decorating defects/impurities (D1/D2) and from intrinsic dislocations (D3/D4) has distinctly different spatial distributions, and is asymmetric across the subgrain boundaries. The presence of D1/D2 is correlated with a strong reduction in the band-to-band luminescence, indicating a higher recombination activity. In contrast, D3/D4 emissions are not strongly correlated with the band-to-band intensity. Based on spatially resolved, synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence measurements of metal impurities, we confirm that high densities of metal impurities are present at locations with strong D1/D2 emission but low D3/D4 emission. Finally, we show that the observed asymmetry of the sub-band-gap luminescence across the subgrain boundaries is due to its inclination below the wafer surface. Based on the luminescence asymmetries, the subgrain boundaries are shown to share a common inclination locally, rather than being orientated randomly.
Resection of insular gliomas: the importance of lenticulostriate artery position.

OBJECT The object of this study was to identify characteristic preoperative angiographic and MR imaging features of safely resectable insular gliomas and describe the surgical techniques and postoperative clinical outcomes. METHODS Thirty-eight patients with insular gliomas underwent transsylvian resection between 1995 and 2007. Patient demographics, presenting symptoms, pathological findings, and neurological outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative MR imaging-defined tumor volumes were superimposed onto the preoperative stereotactic cerebral angiograms to determine whether the insular tumor was confined lateral to (Group I) or extended medially around (Group II) the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs). RESULTS Twenty-five patients (66%) had tumors situated lateral to the LSAs and 13 (34%) had tumors encasing the LSAs. Insular gliomas situated lateral to the LSAs led to significant medial displacement of these vessels (161 +/- 39%). In 20 (80%) of these 25 cases the boundaries between tumor and brain parenchyma were well demarcated on preoperative T2-weighted MR images. In contrast, there was less displacement of the LSAs (130 +/- 14%) in patients with insular gliomas extending around the LSAs on angiography. In 11 (85%) of these 13 cases, the tumor boundaries were diffuse on T2-weighted MR images. Postoperative hemiparesis or worsening of a preexisting hemiparesis, secondary to LSA compromise, occurred in 5 patients, all of whom had tumor volumes that extended medial to the LSAs. Gross-total or near-total resection was achieved more frequently in cases in which the insular glioma remained lateral to the LSAs (84 vs 54%). CONCLUSIONS Insular gliomas with an MR imaging-defined tumor volume located lateral to the LSAs on stereotactic angiography displace the LSAs medially by expanding the insula, have well-demarcated tumor boundaries on MR images, and can be completely resected with minimal neurological morbidity. In contrast, insular tumors that appear to surround the LSAs do not displace these vessels medially, are poorly demarcated from normal brain parenchyma on MR images, and are associated with higher rates of neurological morbidity if aggressive resection is pursued. Preoperative identification of these anatomical growth patterns can be of value in planning resection.
Sulfation factor activity of sera from patients with pituitary disorders.

ABSTRACT Previous work from this laboratory established the fact that normal human and rat serum contains a factor which stimulates the in vitro incorporation of sulfate-S35 into cartilage from hypophysectomized rats. This activity of serum which appears to be due to a protein or protein-bound component is not attributable to the presence of unaltered growth hormone. An assay for sulfation factor in human serum is described in this paper. The serum from normal subjects was found to contain from 0.5 to 1.5 times the activity of a standard reference serum in nearly all cases. No significant change in sulfation factor activity with age could be demonstrated. Decreased sulfation factor activity was present in the sera of patients with spontaneous hypopituitarism or panhypopituitarism following hypophysectomy. The sulfation factor activity was increased in the serum of 5 patients with acromegaly early in the course of the disease but later, when the disease was inactive, the concentration of sulfation factor w.
Infliximab does not interfere with insulin secretion, insulin resistance and production of GAD and islet cell antibodies in patients with Crohn's disease

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
Monte Carlo transfer-matrix study of the frustrated XY model.

We discuss the critical behavior of several models, all related to the 19-vertex model. These models combine Ising and Gaussian degrees of freedom and have central charge c=3/2 at the critical point. We present arguments why the frustrated XY model, which also has Gaussian and Ising degrees of freedom, might fall into a different universality class. We use the Monte Carlo transfer-matrix method of Bl\"ote and Nightingale to obtain accurate numerical results for the central charge and exponents of the frustrated XY model. In particular, we test the prediction for the central charge c to be equal to 3/2 also in this model. We find c=1.66\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04 for the central charge of the frustrated XY model at the critical point. It is not clear at this stage to which universality class this critical behavior belongs.
Post‐treatment CIN: Randomised clinical trial using hrHPV testing for prediction of residual/recurrent disease

We investigated in a randomised clinical trial whether addition of hrHPV testing (high‐risk human papillomavirus) to cytological follow‐up after treatment for high‐grade CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3) can lead to a better selection of women at risk for residual/recurrent CIN. We included 210 women with high‐grade CIN undergoing treatment in outpatient clinics in The Netherlands. Follow‐up was based on cytology alone and cytology combined with hrHPV detection. Our primary outcome measurement was improving specificity for residual/recurrent CIN after treatment. Secondary, we compared health‐care costs and impact of individual hrHPV type on the risk of residual/recurrent CIN. Follow‐up by abnormal cytology alone (6, 12 and 24 months after treatment according to the Dutch protocol) showed a lower specificity for detection of residual/recurrent CIN than follow‐up by abnormal cytology and presence of hrHPV (80 vs. 91%, relative risk 0.87 (95% CI 0.77–0.99)). Both methods showed no significant difference in sensitivity ((86 vs. 100%) RR 0.86 (95% CI 0.63–1.16)). Comparing different post hoc modifications in the strategy of combined testing showed similar test characteristics when low‐risk women (normal cytology and hrHPV negative at 6 months) omitted the 12 months visit (specificity 91%, p = 1.00 z = 0.00). Prediction of residual/recurrent CIN by typing of hrHPV could not be confirmed. Total health‐care costs using cytology and hrHPV testing during follow‐up decreased when low‐risk women omit the 12 months visit. Follow‐up after treatment for high‐grade CIN can be improved by combining cytology with hrHPV testing. We advise combined cytology and hrHPV testing at 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment. Low‐risk women may omit the 12 months visit, resulting in cost reduction. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fatigue as a symptom in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: an observational study

Fatigue is a common, debilitating symptom associated with chronic disease such as inflammatory disorders, heart disease, and cancer1. Fatigue is described in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) where higher levels have been shown to correlate with pain, physical disability and psychological distress2-5. Less is known about this important symptom in patients with psoriasis without joint involvement. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Ecstasy Use Among Hispanic and Black Substance Users in New York City

Surveillance data suggests that use of ecstasy in the U.S. is predominantly among white adolescent and young adults. To investigate ecstasy use among substance users in New York City we added questions to ongoing efforts to recruit heroin and cocaine users. Of 715 participants recruited, 58.3% were injection dug users (IDUs). The median age was 32 (range 17–64), 76.4% were male, 49.0% were currently homeless, 62.4% were Hispanic, 27.3% were black, and 34.5% were born outside the United States. Overall, 23.4% used ecstasy in their lifetime and 11.9% had used in the last-6 months. In multivariate logistic regression, correlates of lifetime ecstasy use included younger age, being born in the U.S., and current homelessness. We observed a significant interaction between injection drug use and race where, compared to black non-IDUs, Hispanic non-IDUs, and white IDUs were significantly more likely to have a history of lifetime ecstasy use while black IDUs were significantly less likely. These findings are limited to persons who use other drugs, but suggest that further investigation of ecstasy use in minority populations is warranted.
Heterogeneity in the Dorsal Subiculum of the Rat. Distinct Neuronal Zones Project to Different Cortical and Subcortical Targets

The aim of the present study was to relate the distribution of efferents of the dorsal subiculum to their origin along the proximo‐distal axis of the subiculum. The distribution of subicular projections was studied in detail by means of the sensitive anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris‐leucoagglutinin (PHA‐L), and the precise origin of these projections analysed with retrogradely transported fluorescent tracers, using double‐ and triple‐labelling protocols. Injections of PHA‐L in the proximal part of the dorsal subiculum, i.e. that part which borders field CA1, result in labelling of the infralimbic, entorhinal and perirhinal cortices, the nucleus accumbens and the lateral septa) region, the interanteromedial nucleus of the thalamus, the core of the nucleus gelatinosus, and the mammillary nuclei, in particular in the rostral parts of the medial nucleus. In contrast, injections in the distal part of the dorsal subiculum, i.e. that part which borders the presubiculum, give rise to labelling in the retrosplenial and postrhinal cortices, the presubiculum, the anterior thalamic complex, the shell of the nucleus gelatinosus, and the mammillary nuclei, preferentially in the caudal part of the medial nucleus. The results of injections of different retrograde tracers, simultaneously placed in two or three targets of the subicular efferents, confirm the results of the anterograde tracing experiments. Moreover, they clearly demonstrate that the population of subicular neurons which, for example, projects to the nucleus accumbens and the interanteromedial nucleus of the thalamus is almost completely segregated from the population that projects to the retrosplenial cortex and the anterior complex of the thalamus. Thus within the dorsal subiculum, populations of neurons can be differentiated so that each population projects to a unique set of target structures. These cell populations are differentially positioned along the proximo‐distal axis. In view of additional evidence indicating that some of the major afferents to the subiculum are organized along the same axis, we suggest that the heterogeneity of the dorsal subiculum along the proximo‐distal axis reflects a general organizational characteristic of this hippocampal field.
Comparison of Pipelined Floating Point Unit with Unpipelined Floating Point Unit

Floating-point numbers are broadly received in numerous applications due their element representation abilities. Floating-point representation has the capacity hold its determination and exactness contrasted with altered point representations. Any Digital Signal Processing (DSP) calculations utilization floating-point math, which obliges a huge number of figuring’s every second to be performed. For such stringent necessities, outline of quick, exact and effective circuits is the objective of each VLSI creator. This paper displays a correlation of pipelined floating-point snake dissention with IEEE 754 organization with an unpipelined viper additionally protests with IEEE 754 arrangement. It depicts the IEEE floating-point standard 754. A pipelined floating point unit in light of IEEE 754 configuration is produced and the outline is contrasted and that of an unpipelined floating point unit and an investigation is defeated speed, range, and force contemplations. It builds the rate as well as is vitality productive. Every one of these changes is at the expense of slight increment in the chip region. The basic methodology and approach used for VHDL (Very Large Scale Integration Hardware Descriptive Language) implementation of the floating-point unit are also described. Detailed synthesis report operated upon Xilinx ISE 11 software and Modelsim is given.
Snoring during early childhood and academic performance at ages thirteen to fourteen years.

OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in young children is associated with an adverse effect on learning. However, the long-term impact of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during early childhood on learning remains unknown. METHODS Questionnaires were mailed to seventh and eighth graders attending public schools whose class ranking was either in the top 25% (high performance [HP]) or bottom 25% of their class (low performance [LP]), and who were matched for age, gender, race, school, and street of residence. Snoring frequency and loudness at 2 to 6 years of age, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) for snoring or recurrent infection, school grades, and parental smoking and snoring were assessed. RESULTS The questionnaire response rate was 82.8%. Because of ongoing ring, 13 responders were excluded, such that 1588 questionnaires could be analyzed (797 in LP and 791 in HP group). Frequent and loud snoring during early childhood was reported in 103 LP children (12.9%) compared with 40 HP children (5.1%; odds ratio: 2.79; confidence interval: 1.88-4.15). Furthermore, 24 LP and 7 HP children underwent T&A for snoring (odds ratio: 3.40; confidence interval: 1.47-7.84), while 21 LP and 19 HP children required surgery for recurrent tonsillitis. CONCLUSIONS Children with lower academic performance in middle school are more likely to have snored during early childhood and to require T&A for snoring compared with better performing schoolmates. These findings support the concept that SDB-associated neurocognitive morbidity may be only partially reversible or that a "learning debt" may develop with SDB during early childhood and hamper subsequent school performance.
Characterization of the fliL gene in the flagellar regulon of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium

filL is a small gene of unknown function that lies within the beginning of a large flagellar operon of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. A spontaneous fliL mutant of S. typhimurium, containing a frameshift mutation about 40% from the 3' end of the gene, was moderately motile but swarmed poorly, suggesting that FliL might be a component of the flagellar motor or switch. However, in-frame deletions of the E. coli gene, including an essentially total deletion, had little or no effect on motility or chemotaxis. Thus, FliL does not appear to have a major role in flagellar structure or function and is therefore unlikely to be a component of the motor or switch; the effect on motility caused by truncation of the gene is probably an indirect one.
Systematic Reviews and Meta- and Pooled Analyses Liver Aminotransferases and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

We evaluated the associations of liver aminotransferases with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in general populations by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of published prospective studies. Studies were identi-fied in a literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1950 through October 2012. Of the 2,729 studies reviewed, 17 studies involving 60,359 participants and 3,890 incident T2D events were included. All of the studies assessed associations between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and T2D, with heterogeneous findings ( I 2 = 88%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 82, 92; P < 0.001). The pooled fully adjusted relative risk of T2D was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.41) per 1-standard-deviation change in log baseline ALT level. This association became nonsignificant after trim-and-fill correction for publication bias. Nine studies evaluated associations between aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and T2D risk, with a corresponding relative risk of 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.04). The relative risk of T2D per 5-IU/L increase in ALT level was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.25). Available data indicate moderate associations of ALT with risk of T2D events, which may be attributable to publication bias. There was no evidence for an increased risk of T2D with AST. Large prospective studies may still be needed to establish the magnitude and nature of these associations.
Microvascular permeability of the isolated rat heart to various solutes in well-oxygenated and hypoxic conditions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a moderate degree of hypoxia on coronary vascular permeability to various lipophobic solutes. Using the multiple indicator dilution method the permeability-surface area (PS) products were determined for 125I-albumin, 125I-insulin and 57Co-cyanocobalamin in perfused rat hearts (flow approximately 10 ml.min-1.g-1) either with well-oxygenated (pO2 approximately 96 kPa) or hypoxic (pO2 approximately 45 kPa) solutions. The PS products for albumin, insulin and cyanocobalamin during the well-oxygenated equilibration period were 0.20 +/- 0.03, 0.29 +/- 0.06 and 2.0 +/- 0.3 ml.min-1.g-1 (mean +/- SE), respectively, relative to 131I-gamma-globulin. The PS products for these solutes 15 min after the induction of hypoxia were 1.3 +/- 0.3, 0.8 +/- 0.1 (p < 0.05) and 2.1 +/- 0.2 (p < 0.05), respectively. In hearts perfused with well-oxygenated solution for 75 min, the PS products for these solutes remained stable throughout the period of the study. Electron-microscopic examination of hypoxic tissues showed the presence of endothelial gaps of approximately 1 micron which were underlined by an intact basal lamina. We conclude that a moderate degree of hypoxia produces a large increase in permeability of albumin and insulin but has no effect on the PS products for cyanocobalamin and that the endothelial gaps are the likely mechanism of the observed increase in permeability.
Enhancement of Gytopathic Effects of Reoviruses in Rolled Cultures of Rhesus Kidney.∗

Summary Cytopathic effects of reoviruses in rhesus kidney tube cultures were markedly enhanced by incubation on a roller drum. Higher hemagglutinin and infectivity titers were attained after a shorter incubation period in rolled cultures, but the striking effect is in the increased cytocidal nature of reovirus replication under these conditions. Also, when cultivated in rolled monkey kidney culture tubes, infectious reovirus was still detected after incubation for 3-5 weeks at 37†C and after 45 minutes at 56†C.