Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Armed Services Blood Program: Blood support to combat casualty care 2001 to 2011

BACKGROUND The Armed Services Blood Program (ASBP) provides the farthest-reaching blood supply in the world. This article provides statistics and a review of blood operations in support of combat casualty care during the last 10 years. It also outlines changes in blood doctrine in support of combat casualty care. METHODS This is a descriptive overview and review of blood product use and transfusions used by ASBP personnel to support combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan between October 2001 and November 2011. RESULTS The ASBP initiated major changes in blood availability and age of blood in theater. In support of data published by physicians in theater, showing improved patient survival when a higher ratio of fresh frozen plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) is achieved, plus the use of platelets, the ASBP increased availability of plasma and established platelet collection facilities in theater. New capabilities included emergency collection of apheresis platelets in the battlefield, availability and transfusion of deglycerolized red cells, rapid diagnostic donor screening, and a new modular blood detachment. Forward surgical facilities that were at one time limited to a blood inventory consisting of RBCs now have a complete arsenal of products at their fingertips that may include fresher RBCs, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and platelets. A number of clinical practice guidelines are in place to address these processes. Changes in blood doctrine were made to support new combat casualty care and damage-control resuscitation initiatives. CONCLUSION Despite the challenges of war in two theaters of operation, a number of improvements and changes to blood policy have been developed during the last 10 years to support combat casualty care. The nature of medical care in combat operations will continue to be dynamic and constantly evolving. The ASBP needs to be prepared to meet future challenges. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Epidemiologic study, level IV.
Corporate Governance and Environmental Disclosure in the Indonesian Mining Industry

Sustainability and corporate governance issues are now considered to be important and integral aspects of company performance. Both have established themselves as well-studied topics in the organisational and accountability areas. While there has been a growing interest to study the relationship between these two areas, research publication in this topic is still mainly focused on the Western societies. This study focuses on the corporate governance and sustainability disclosure practices in one of the emerging economies, Indonesia, and assesses the relationships between corporate governance variables and the extent of environmental disclosures made by the mining companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in their annual reports. The main findings of this study show that the extent of environmental disclosure made by these companies was moderate, and that there is a significant positive relationship between the size of board of directors and the extent of environmental disclosure.
Segmenting cyberspace: a customer typology for the internet

Purpose – This research sets about discovering if it is possible to identify distinct, practice‐relevant and addressable clusters by means of selected criteria for constructing typologies – such as psychographic, culturally‐specific and purchasing behaviour‐relevant features – which permit an online supplier to efficiently and effectively focus on attractive consumer segments.Design/methodology/approach – To answer the research question, the study conducted an online survey with 1,011 participants. The respondents were from three countries, each with culturally‐distinct features: France, Germany and the US. Underpinning the research are theoretically‐secured constructs of purchasing behaviour on the internet.Findings – Cluster analysis confirmed the outstanding validity of a three‐cluster‐solution (97.7 per cent score) – risk‐averse doubters, open‐minded online shoppers, and reserved information‐seekers. Discriminant analysis shows that certain constructs, particularly “neuroticism”, “willingness to buy” .
Prenatal screening for Down's syndrome with use of maternal serum markers.

BACKGROUND Approximately 35 percent of all cases of Down's syndrome in fetuses can be detected by measuring maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein during the second trimester in the general population of pregnant women. Recent case-control studies indicate that this detection rate could be approximately doubled by measuring serum levels of unconjugated estriol and chorionic gonadotropin, which are abnormally low and abnormally high, respectively, in women carrying fetuses affected by Down's syndrome. METHODS We prospectively screened 25,207 women and adolescents in the second trimester of pregnancy and assigned each a risk of fetal Down's syndrome with an algorithm that took into account measurements of all three serum markers in combination with maternal age. On this basis, 1661 subjects (6.6 percent) were initially assigned a second-trimester risk of fetal Down's syndrome of at least 1 in 190, and 962 (3.8 percent) were offered amniocentesis for chromosomal analysis after verification of gestational age. Gestational age was determined on the basis of the first day of the last menstrual period or, when available, by ultrasonography. RESULTS Among the 760 women and adolescents who chose amniocentesis, 20 cases of fetal Down's syndrome were detected, along with 7 other chromosomal disorders. There was 1 additional case of fetal Down's syndrome among the 202 women who chose not to have amniocentesis. The rate of detection of Down's syndrome was thus 58 percent (21 of 36 expected cases), and the frequency of identifying a fetus with Down's syndrome in women undergoing amniocentesis was 1 per 38 amniocenteses (95 percent confidence interval, 1 in 25 to 1 in 62). CONCLUSIONS Measuring serum alpha-fetoprotein, chorionic gonadotropin, and estriol is more effective in screening for fetal Down's syndrome than measuring maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein alone. Such an expanded protocol can readily be incorporated into existing prenatal screening programs.
SMEs and supplier alliances use: an empirical analysis

The present paper analyses how small Spanish manufacturing firms develop supplier partnerships with the aim of improving their competitiveness. More precisely, the study tries to find out, on the one hand, the causes for the creation of alliances, whereas, on the other hand, the interest focuses on the examination of the benefits derived from such partnerships, as well as some of the features that define them.
Effect of Climate Change on Invasion Risk of Giant African Snail (Achatina fulica Férussac, 1821: Achatinidae) in India

The Giant African Snail (Achatina fulica) is considered to be one the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species. The snail has an impact on native biodiversity, and on agricultural and horticultural crops. In India, it is known to feed on more than fifty species of native plants and agricultural crops and also outcompetes the native snails. It was introduced into India in 1847 and since then it has spread all across the country. In this paper, we use ecological niche modeling (ENM) to assess the distribution pattern of Giant African Snail (GAS) under different climate change scenarios. The niche modeling results indicate that under the current climate scenario, Eastern India, peninsular India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are at high risk of invasion. The three different future climate scenarios show that there is no significant change in the geographical distribution of invasion prone areas. However, certain currently invaded areas will be more prone to invasion in the future. These regions include parts of Bihar, Southern Karnataka, parts of Gujarat and Assam. The Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands are highly vulnerable to invasion under changed climate. The Central Indian region is at low risk due to high temperature and low rainfall. An understanding of the invasion pattern can help in better management of this invasive species and also in formulating policies for its control.
An empirical examination of service recovery design

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present results from an empirical study of various service recovery designs. When service failures occur, service recovery is the primary way a firm can retain its customers and minimize the costs associated with customer defection and negative word of mouth. While researchers concur on the importance of service recovery in retaining customers, recommendations on implementation differ considerably. Consequently, actual service recovery design and results vary widely among practitioners.Design/methodology/approach – The method employed uses an experimental design, employing controlled scenario manipulations.Findings – This paper examines two issues that offer possible explanations for the variation in previous research results: elements of service recovery system design that make a difference and degree of primary failure. An additional issue, research methodology, may also contribute to variations in research results and is likewise addressed.Practical implication.
Forthcoming: Strategic Management Journal Environmental Risk Management and the Cost of Capital

Our study of 267 U.S. firms shows that improved environmental risk management is associated with a lower cost of capital. Our findings provide an alternative perspective on the environmental – economic performance relationship, which has been dominated by the view that improvements in economic performance stem from better resource utilization. Firms also benefit from improved environmental risk management through a reduction in their cost of equity capital, a shift from equity to debt financing, and higher tax benefits associated with the ability to add debt. These findings help build better theory regarding the outcomes of strategic improvements in environmental risk management. (100 words)
Seller-buyer interactions during the commercialization of technological process innovations

Abstract For buyers and sellers alike, high-tech process innovations can be a double-edged sword. On the one hand, technological process innovations (e.g., computer hardware and software, factory automation equipment) offer buyers the potential for reduced production costs and enhanced product quality. However, early adoption of such innovations is often a risky proposition. For the seller, successful commercialization requires stimulating not only adoption, but also successful implementation of the innovation. In other words, effective management of seller-buyer relations during the development and commercialization process go a long way toward determining the success of a high-tech process innovation. Gerard A. Athaide, Patricia W. Meyers, and David L. Wilemon examine the relationship marketing activities employed by successful sellers of high-tech process innovations. They identify eight strategic marketing objectives that underlie these relationship marketing activities: product customization, information gathering on product performance, product education and training, ongoing product support, proactive political involvement (to encourage support for the innovation from the various affected parties in the buyer's organization), product demonstration and trial, real-time problem-solving assistance, and clarification of the product's relative advantage. Their findings suggest that successful sellers engage in relationship marketing activities throughout all phases of the commercialization process. Rather than simply trying to close a deal, these firms seek active involvement from potential customers, ranging from codesigning of products to seeking feedback on productrelated problems or desired modifications. This broader scope of customer involvement necessitates cooperation among various groups in the seller's organization. Product development and engineering work closely with the customer during product customization. Those groups must communicate effectively with the salespeople who demonstrate the product and with the customer support people who obtain feedback and provide real-time problem-solving support. In other words, these relationship marketing activities cut across functional barriers. Consequently, a clear understanding of the buyer's needs and environment is essential throughout the seller's organization, not just in the sales and marketing departments.
An Empirical Assessment of Comparative Approaches to Service Quality Measurement

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose and empirically assess three comparative approaches to measuring service quality: modified gap model, TOPSIS and loss function. Aims to argue for the use of TOPSIS from decision sciences, and Loss function from operations research and engineering, as alternative approaches to the gap model.Design/methodology/approach – The empirical evidence is provided by large sample consumer data on the service quality for leading Indian commercial banks. The service quality evaluations obtained from these three distinct methods are compared and tested for their mutual agreement.Findings – Fndings show that the rankings obtained from different methods are statistically in agreement, suggesting that the alternative approaches can provide equally good measurement of service quality. But they should not be used in an interchangeable manner.Research/limitations/implications – Research shows that a single measure of overall service quality based on gap model is over‐simplist.
ormetic effect induced by depleted uranium in zebrafish embryos

The present work studied the hormetic effect induced by uranium (U) in embryos of zebrafish (Danio rerio) using apoptosis as the biological endpoint. Hormetic effect is characterized by biphasic dose-response relationships showing a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. Embryos were dechorionated at 4 h post fertilization (hpf), and were then exposed to 10 or 100 g/l depleted uranium (DU) in uranyl acetate solutions from 5 to 6 hpf. For exposures to 10 g/l DU, the amounts of apoptotic signals in the
Does it Pay to Be Really Good? Addressing the Shape of the Relationship between Social and Financial Performance

Building on Barnett’s (2007) theoretical argument that a firm’s ability to profit from social responsibility depends upon its stakeholder influence capacity (SIC), we bring together contrasting literatures on the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) to hypothesize that the CSP-CFP relationship is U-shaped. Our results support that hypothesis. We find that firms with low CSP have higher CFP than firms with moderate CSP, but firms with high CSP have the highest CFP. This supports the theoretical argument that SIC underlies the ability to transform social responsibility into profit.
Androgen depletion up‐regulates cadherin‐11 expression in prostate cancer

Men with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (PCa) frequently develop metastasis in bone. The reason for this association is unclear. We have previously shown that cadherin‐11 (also known as OB‐cadherin), a homophilic cell adhesion molecule that mediates osteoblast adhesion, plays a role in the metastasis of PCa to bone. Here, we report that androgen‐deprivation therapy up‐regulates cadherin‐11 expression in PCa. In human PCa specimens, immunohistochemical staining showed that 22/26 (85%) primary PCa tumours from men with castration‐resistant PCa expressed cadherin‐11. In contrast, only 7/50 (14%) androgen‐dependent PCa tumours expressed cadherin‐11. In the MDA–PCa‐2b xenograft animal model, cadherin‐11 was expressed in the recurrent tumours following castration. In the PCa cell lines, there is an inverse correlation between expression of cadherin‐11 and androgen receptor (AR), and cadherin‐11 is expressed in very low levels or not expressed in AR‐positive cell lines, including LNCaP, C4‐2B4 and VCaP cells. We showed that AR likely regulates cadherin‐11 expression in PCa through an indirect mechanism. Although re‐expression of AR in the AR‐negative PC3 cells led to the inhibition of cadherin‐11 expression, depletion of androgen from the culture medium or down‐regulation of AR by RNA interference in the C4‐2B4 cells or VCaP cells only produced a modest increase of cadherin‐11 expression. Promoter analysis indicated that cadherin‐11 promoter does not contain a typical AR‐binding element, and AR elicits a modest inhibition of cadherin‐11 promoter activity, suggesting that AR does not regulate cadherin‐11 expression directly. Together, these results suggest that androgen deprivation up‐regulates cadherin‐11 expression in prostate cancer, and this may contribute to the metastasis of PCa to bone. Our study suggests that therapeutic strategies that block cadherin‐11 expression or function may be considered when applying androgen‐ablation therapy. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Audit Committee Member Contextual Experiences and Financial Reporting Outcomes

Audit committee independence rules reduce potential firm-specific information for audit committees and self-interest may bias manager-provided information. Given these considerable limitations, it is important to understand how audit committee members (ACMs) obtain information for their monitoring activities. I investigate how a firm’s (focal firm) financial reporting monitoring outcomes are affected by its ACMs’ contextual experiences, either as managers or monitors, with other firms (interlocks). Specifically, I estimate whether contextual experiences with goodwill impairment decisions, measured as interlocks with firms that likely performed extensive impairment analyses in the prior year, affect the likelihood of focal firm goodwill write-off, other things equal. Overall results suggest that ACM contextual experiences increase the likelihood of goodwill write-off and are most influential when contextual experience is obtained as a manager, rather than a monitor. However, for large firms, contextual experience does not affect reporting when managerial equity-based incentives are strong.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONCIBILITY DAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kinerja keuangan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan pengungkapan corporate social responcibility dan good corporate governance sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bursa Efek Indonesia cabang Denpasar dan mengakses laporan keuangannya di alamat www.idx. com. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja keuangan. Variabel pemoderasi yaitu corporate social responcibility dan good corporate governance. Variabel dependen yaitu nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Perusahaan BUMN non keuangan di Indonesia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik proposive sampling dengan 15 perusahaan sampel dalam jangka waktu 3 tahun yaitu tahun 2010 sampai 2012. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 19.0. Hasil penelitian dalam penelitian ini menunjukan (1) kinerja keuangan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan secara positif, (2) corporate social responcibility mampu memoderasi kinerja keuangan terhadap nilai perusahaan secara positif, (3) good corporate governance mampu memoderasi kinerja keuangan terhadap nilai perusahaan kearah negatif. Kata Kunci : Kinerja Keuangan, Corporate Social Responcibility, Good Corporate Governance, Nilai Perusahaan. The study aimed at finding out the effect of financial performances on the company value with a discovery of corporate social responcibility and good corporate governanceas moderating variabels. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Stock Exchange Denpasar branch by accessing its financial report on the following website: www.idx. com. The independent involved in this study was the financial performances, while the moderating variables werecorporate social responcibility and good corporate governance, and the dependent variable was the company value. It was a quantitative type of study, by utilizing a secondary data such as the company annual financial reports. There were 15 companies became the samples of this study involving nonstate-owned enterprises in Indonesia listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchane, which were determined based on the purposive sampling technique during the periode of 3 years from 2010 until 2012.The data were analyzed by using multiple regressions supported by SPPS version 19.0. The results indicated that (1) the financial performances had an effect on the company value, (2) the corporate social responcibilitycould modernize the financial performances on the value of the companies to a positive direction, (3) the good corporate governance could modernize the financial performances on the value of the companies to a negative direction. keyword : financial performances, CorporateSocialResponcibility, GoodCorporateGovernance, value of the companies.
A new LMI observer-based controller design method for discrete-time LPV systems with uncertain parameters

This paper deals with observer-based controller design problem for discrete-time Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems with uncertain parameters. The proposed technique consists in designing an observer-based controller which stabilizes the LPV system, provided that the norm of the difference between the measured parameter and the real one does not exceed a tolerated maximum value. The particularity of the proposed design method, compared to some existing methods in the literature, is that it works on one systematic step, without any a priori choice of some observer-based controller parameters. The solution is formulated in terms of a single set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). Besides, a relaxation of the proposed design with respect to the uncertainty is provided. The proposed approach is compared with other similar stabilization approaches, through two numerical examples.
Melanoma involving the ileum: Report of a case and review of literature

Malignant melanoma accounts for less than 3% of all gastrointestinal tract malignancies, and it is mainly metastatic in origin. In contrast, primary melanoma of the small bowel is an extremely rare entity. We report the case of a 34-year-old male who was diagnosed with melanoma involving the ileum most likely secondary in origin. Histologically, the neoplastic cells involved the entire wall thickness, showed nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear pseudoinclusions, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and were immunoreactive for S100, HMB45, and Melan-A. Electron microscopy showed electron-dense complexes that suggested aggregates of melanin. The final diagnosis was given based on the clinical, radiologic and histopathologic correlation. This case demonstrates the need of clinical and histological immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and molecular studies together to make a correct diagnosis of spindle cell and epithelioid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.