Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Macroscopic Analysis of News Content in Twitter

Previous literature has considered the relevance of Twitter to journalism, for example as a tool for reporters to collect information and for organizations to disseminate news to the public. We consider the reciprocal perspective, carrying out a survey of news media-related content within Twitter. Using a random sample of 1.8 billion tweets over four months in 2014, we look at the distribution of activity across news media and the relative dominance of certain news organizations in terms of relative share of content, the Twitter behavior of news media, the hashtags used in news content versus Twitter as a whole, and the proportion of Twitter activity that is news media-related. We find a small but consistent proportion of Twitter is news media-related (0.8 percent by volume); that news media-related tweets focus on a different set of hashtags than Twitter as a whole, with some hashtags such as those of countries of conflict (Arab Spring countries, Ukraine) reaching over 15 percent of tweets being news media-related; and we find that news organizations’ accounts, across all major organizations, largely use Twitter as a professionalized, one-way communication medium to promote their own reporting. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic modeling, we also examine how the proportion of news content varies across topics within 100,000 #Egypt tweets, finding that the relative proportion of news media-related tweets varies vastly across different subtopics. Over-time analysis reveals that news media were among the earliest adopters of certain #Egypt subtopics, providing a necessary (although not sufficient) condition for influence.
Taxonomical study into two new species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) previously identified as Philometra lateolabracis (Yamaguti, 1935).

Males of the nematode Philometra lateolabracis (Yamaguti, 1935), the type species of the genus Philometra Costa, 1845, were discovered for the first time in gonads of its type host, the Japanese seaperch, Lateolabraxjaponicus (Cuvier). Morphological comparisons carried out between the collected male and female P. lateolabracis with the male and female philometrid nematodes previously reported as P. lateolabracis infecting chicken grunt, Parapristipoma trilineatum (Thunberg), and red sea bream, Pagrus major (Temminck et Schlegel), revealed that the latter represent two new species, Philometra isaki sp. n. and Philometra madai sp. n. , respectively. Molecular comparison of ITS2 rDNA between P. lateolabracis and P. madai supported the morphological conclusion that the two nematodes obtained from different fish species should be assigned to different species.
Cultural Awareness of the Consumers at a Chinese Restaurant

Abstract Food consumption habits and patterns are components of culture that make an important contribution to the food decisions consumers make and thus compromise an important area for the studies of consumer behavior. Eating out and eating a variety of the combination of American and ethnic foods has become a new trend in the United States and thus makes it a popular culture phenomenon. Restaurants are suggested as one of the best places to study consumer behavior. It is in restaurants that consumers are not only consuming tangible goods (food and drink), but they are also consuming the intangible service. This study presents an exploratory descriptive examination of the cultural awareness of the consumers in a Chinese buffet restaurant using an anthropological approach.
Linking market orientation and company performance: preliminary evidence on Kohli and Jaworski's framework

Marketing continues to provide a focus for empirical research; not only to define its nature and scope, but also its impact on an organization's performance. While there is little precise agreement regarding the definition and manifestation of marketing, the consensus view is that marketing emphasizes customer's needs and their satisfaction. In a recent article, Kohli and Jaworski (1990) operationalize the marketing concept and put forward certain propositions that link elements of a market orientation, contextual factors and business performance. This paper examines a number of these propositions empirically, concluding that the market orientation — business performance relationship is situation-specific subject to various moderating influences.
Current Management of Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis and the Role of Moxifloxacin

Abstract Episodes of acute rhinosinusitis are common among adults and are associated with a significant amount of morbidity. The symptoms of rhinosinusitis are nasal drainage, congestion, and sinus pressure. A bacterial sinus infection is more likely if these symptoms worsen after 5–7 days or do not improve after 10–14 days. The majority of bacterial episodes have been associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. In the current era of increasing resistance to β-lactams and macrolides, treatment guidelines have been formulated worldwide to assist clinicians in the selection of antibacterials. According to one model, the following antibacterials are most likely to provide desired outcomes (90%–92% predicted clinical efficacy) for adults: respiratory fluoroquinolones (i.e., moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin), ceftriaxone, and high-dose amoxicillin-clavulanate (4 g of amoxicillin/day and 250 mg of clavulanate/day). Although the role of the fluoroquinolones in the treatment of this condition is evolving, fluoroquinolones are often recommended as second-line therapy or as first-line therapy for selected patients (e.g., those who received antibacterials in the previous 4–6 weeks or adults with moderate-to-severe disease).
An Empirical Research on The Efficiency and Effectivity of Board Directors——In Case of the Shenzhen Market

Board of director is a key of corporate governance.The paper uses the data of 2001-2003 from Shenzhen stock market to research the efficiency of board directors.The empirical results show that the scale of the board directors and board committees are both positively correlated with the corporate performance statistically,but not significantly:the board meeting is negative correlated with the corporate performance statistically and significantly.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of ultrasound versus electrical stimulation for peripheral nerve location and blockade

We systematically reviewed peripheral nerve blockade guided by ultrasound versus electrical stimulation. We included 26 comparisons in 23 randomised controlled trials of 2125 participants. Ultrasound reduced the rate of pain during the procedure, relative risk (95% CI) 0.60 (0.41–0.89), p = 0.01. Ultrasound with or without electrical stimulation reduced the rate of analgesic or anaesthetic rescue versus electrical stimulation alone, relative risk (95% CI) 0.40 (0.29–0.54) and 0.29 (0.16–0.52), respectively, p < 0.0001 for both. The rate of rescue was unaffected by the addition of electrical stimulation to ultrasound, relative risk (95% CI) 1.07 (0.54–2.10), p = 0.85. Ultrasound, with or without electrical stimulation, reduced the pooled rate of vascular puncture, relative risk (95% CI) 0.23 (0.15–0.37), p < 0.0001. There was no difference in the rate of postoperative neurological side‐effects, relative risk (95% CI) 0.76 (0.53–1.09), p = 0.13.
Level of Stress and Coping Strategies Seen Among Parents of Neonates

Nearly 27 million babies are born in India each year; this accounts for 20% of global births. Of these, 1.0 million die before completing the first four weeks of life. Parents whose lives have been disrupted by an unexpected admission into neonatal intensive care unit. Aim of study was to assess the level of stress among and coping strategies parents of neonates and to co-relate stress and coping strategies among parents of neonates. Methods-Descriptive approaches with 40 samples were selected with convenient sampling technique. Results majority belonged to age group18-23years (57.50%). and (57.50%) were found in secondary education. 28(70%) majority of mothers had moderate stress and 12 (30%) had severe stress Assessing the stress level of mothers in neonates. While 35 (87.50%) mothers of neonates were in average coping and 5(12.5%) were in good coping. Conclusion: The main outcome of the study that mother always in stress because of babies admission in NICU. So any interventional programmes on stress were help the mother to minimize the stress and she will develop certain coping strategies. Most of Parent was satisfied with communication with staff so she must teach them stress management technique.
Managing DMNCs: A search for a new paradigm

The increasing intensity of global competition (Porter 1986), the development of MNCs (Stopford, Dunning and Haberich 1980; Dunning and Pearce 1985), and the attendant academic and managerial interest in the role of the diversified MNC (Ghoshal 1987; Prahalad and Doz 1987; Bartlett and Ghoshal 1989) is too well documented to merit repetition. Although there has been a lot of debate on the nature of global competition and of the diversified multinational corporation (hereafter referred to as the DMNC), very little attention has been paid to the conceptual and theoretical frameworks used to analyze DMNCs and their management. Many attempts have been make to analyze aspects of the MNC starting from an established theoretical base: for example, Buckley and Casson (1986) and Hennart (1982) have attempted to seek a rationale for the MNC using a transaction cost perspective. Others (e.g., Dunning 1980 a and b, 1981b) have emphasized the need for an ‘eclectic’ theory explaining the DMNCs. We shall argue in this chapter that on the whole, scholarly research on the functioning of the MNC has suffered both from desire among some scholars to persist with existing paradigms and from other scholars’ ignorance of what existing theories could bring them. Since existing paradigms, by the very nature of their underlying simplifying assumptions, are not fully able to capture the complexity and richness of the DMNC, and since discipline-based researchers have seldom taken the DMNC as an object of research, this discrepancy is not surprising.
Training needs of paddy cultivators in Nagaland.

The study was conducted in Medziphema RD block of Dimapur district in Nagaland to identify the training needs of the paddy cultivators. Seven villages were selected randomly under Medziphema RD block and finally 110 households were selected based on proportionate random sampling procedure. A list of 12 major areas of training needs in relation to improved package of practices of paddy cultivation was prepared. The training areas were ranked based on Training Importance. Scores were measured on three-point continuum as Most Essential, Essential and Not Essential by giving scores of 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The primary data were collected using a pre-tested structured interview schedule by conducting personal interview. Findings revealed that majority of the farmers had medium level of training needs. Plant protection measures, subject matter relating to loan and intercultural operation were the top most training needs of the farmers and the least training need was identified in the subject related to nursery raising. The variables age and cultivation experience had negative and significant relationship with the training needs. The present study suggested that young farmers having less exposure in requisite training related to improved package of practices of paddy cultivation may be given preference for imparting training in the prioritised areas of training as identified.
Assessing the market valuation of e‐service initiatives

Purpose – This study aims to examine how e‐service initiatives affect a firm's market valuation. To provide further insight, paper also assesses the impact of technology acquisition mode, the firm's organizational position, industry characteristics, and service introduction strategy on firm value.Design/methodology/approach – Using an event study methodology, we examined the market value of e‐service initiatives through their impact on stock returns‐investors' expectations of firm performance. Based on strategy and marketing theories, we also developed a conceptual framework to examine factors that influence firm performance and value.Findings – Findings include positive abnormal returns accompanying e‐service announcements. Regression results also show market size and firm size have negative effects on valuation while firm experience has positive effects on firm value. Whereas pioneers and late entrants have an advantage over early entrants, firms acquiring needed technology through collaborative R&D or .
The Informational Content Of Voluntary Embedded Value (EV) Financial Disclosures By Canadian Life Insurance Companies

The informational content and relevance to external stakeholders of voluntary financial disclosures by commercial banks is now becoming more widely recognized. For instance, banks voluntary disclosures of liquidity, interest rate and market risk metrics have been bound to be closely associated with market value of equity and credit ratings. So far, there has been very scarce published research on investigating the informational content and relevance to external stakeholders of voluntary financial disclosures by life insurance companies. In order to improve upon this situation, this paper studies and reports the informational content of voluntary embedded value (EV) financial disclosures by Canadian life insurance companies. As opposed to traditional statutory balance sheet and earnings reporting, EV voluntary disclosure attempts to estimate the present value of future earnings generated by a life insurers current book of various insurance businesses. The preliminary results presented in this study indicate that EV voluntary financial disclosures communicate intrinsic informational content and provide value relevance to external stakeholders in the sense that they were found to be closely associated with life insurers market value of equity.
Isotopic niche variation from the Holocene to today reveals minimal partitioning and individualistic dynamics among four sympatric desert mice

Species interact with each other and their environment over a range of temporal scales, yet our understanding of resource partitioning and the mechanisms of species coexistence is largely restricted to modern time-scales of years to decades. Furthermore, the relative magnitudes of inter- vs. intraspecific variation in resource use are rarely considered, despite the potential for the latter to influence a species' ability to cope with changing environmental conditions. Modern desert rodent communities are thought to be strongly structured by competitive interactions, with niche partitioning of food resources hypothesized to explain the coexistence of multiple sympatric granivores. Yet the stability of niche dynamics over extended temporal scales within desert rodent communities is unknown. I examined the isotopic niche dynamics of four common sympatric desert mice (three granivores: Chaetodipus formosus, Perognathus longimembris and Reithrodontomys megalotis, and one omnivore: Peromyscus maniculatus) in the Smoke Creek Desert of northwestern Nevada using 13 C and 15 N isotopes obtained from "Modern" (2008-2013 CE), "Historical" (1989-2005 CE) and Holocene fossil specimens spanning the last c. 7,500 years. I found significant variation in niche position, niche breadth and interspecific niche overlap of these species through time. The niche breadth dynamics of the cricetids (P. maniculatus and R. megalotis) were positively correlated with one another, while the niche breadth dynamics of the heteromyid C. formosus were negatively correlated with those of all other species. Body size, dietary functional group, palaeoenvironmental trends and time-averaging provided little explanatory power. Importantly, Modern and Historical patterns of resource use and partitioning differed from Holocene baselines in terms of decreased niche overlap and in the absolute and relative position of each species' niche in at least one isotopic axis. These observations suggest that each species' resource use changed individualistically over the Holocene, hence niche dynamics are poorly explained by the hypothesis of temporally stable species interactions at millennial time-scales. Furthermore, changes to the resource base over the last century (likely due to the spread of invasive cheatgrass) may be increasing resource partitioning in the Modern, pushing species past their baseline ranges of resource use variation.
Reexamining the Link Between Customer Orientation and Business Performance: The Role of Information Systems

Customer orientation is said to strengthen business performance, but empirical research has not consistently supported the claim. In this study, we reexamine the important relationship between customer orientation and business performance. The study is based on the literature that suggests that business performance is multidimensional (consisting of market and financial dimensions), and that customer orientation is facilitated by information systems (consisting of information technology, or IT, capability and information services). We determined through a survey that customer orientation contributes to business performance, first by influencing market performance, which in turn, determines financial performance. Importantly, a dimension of information systems—IT capability, but not information service quality—positively moderates the impact of customer orientation. The study points to a more complex relationship between customer orientation and business performance than previously described.
The multiple roles of PtdIns(4)P – not just the precursor of PtdIns(4,5)P2

The phosphoinositides (PIs) are membrane phospholipids that actively operate at membrane-cytosol interfaces through the recruitment of a number of effector proteins. In this context, each of the seven different PI species represents a topological determinant that can establish the nature and the function of the membrane where it is located. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) is the most abundant of the monophosphorylated inositol phospholipids in mammalian cells, and it is produced by D-4 phosphorylation of the inositol ring of PtdIns. PtdIns(4)P can be further phosphorylated to PtdIns(4,5)P2 by PtdIns(4)P 5-kinases and, indeed, PtdIns(4)P has for many years been considered to be just the precursor of PtdIns(4,5)P2. Over the last decade, however, a large body of evidence has accumulated that shows that PtdIns(4)P is, in its own right, a direct regulator of important cell functions. The subcellular localisation of the PtdIns(4)P effectors initially led to the assumption that the bulk of this lipid is present in the membranes of the Golgi complex. However, the existence and physiological relevance of `non-Golgi pools' of PtdIns(4)P have now begun to be addressed. The aim of this Commentary is to describe our present knowledge of PtdIns(4)P metabolism and the molecular machineries that are directly regulated by PtdIns(4)P within and outside of the Golgi complex.
DIFFERENTIAL MATURATION OF CORTICAL AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIALS TO SPEECH SOUNDS IN NORMAL FULLTERM AND VERY LOW‐BIRTHWEIGHT INFANTS

Cortical auditory evoked potentials (AEP) to the consonant‐vowel syllables /da/ and /ta/ and 800Hz tone were recorded at 40 weeks post‐conceptional age and at one, two and three months after term in normal fullterm and very low‐birthweight infants. As a group, the very low‐birthweight infants exhibited significantly less mature AEPs to consonant‐vowel syllables than the normal‐birthweight infants at 40 weeks post‐conceptional age. Consistent but statistically non‐significant differences also were found for tones at 40 weeks post‐conceptional age, and for all stimuli at one and two months after term. By three months, all the infants exhibited mature AEP morphology and topography.
Production of cell–cell signalling molecules by bacteria isolated from human chronic wounds

Aim: To (i) identify chronic wound bacteria and to test their ability to produce acyl‐homoserine‐lactones (AHLs) and autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2) cell–cell signalling molecules and (ii) determine whether chronic wound debridement samples might contain these molecules.
Glucagon- and secretin-related peptides differentially alter ocular growth and the development of form-deprivation myopia in chicks.

PURPOSE Exogenous glucagon inhibits the induction of myopia in chicks, but the endogenous peptide and receptor that regulate eye growth are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine which peptides and receptors in the glucagon-secretin family play a role in the control of ocular growth. METHODS The effect of intravitreally injected peptides on the development of form-deprivation (FD) myopia and on the growth of eyes with unrestricted vision was determined by refraction and A-scan ultrasonography. Chicks received three injections, one every 48 hours, of secretin-related peptides (porcine secretin, human peptide histidine-isoleucine-amide-27, vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP], VIP fragment 6-28, or pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide; 10(-8)-10(-4) M in 20 microL) or five injections of proglucagon-derived peptides (human glucagon, oxyntomodulin, miniglucagon, or glucagon-like peptide [GLP]-2 or chicken GLP-1). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect proglucagon-derived peptides in the eye. RESULTS Secretin-related peptides had no effect on FD myopia, whereas some proglucagon-derived peptides did. Both glucagon and oxyntomodulin dose-dependently inhibited development of myopia, primarily by inhibition of vitreous chamber elongation (EC(50) = 10(-4) M and 10(-5.5) M, respectively). GLP-1 increased deprivation-induced myopic refractive error by altering anterior chamber development. None of the peptides significantly affected refractive error in eyes with unrestricted vision, although changes in anterior and posterior eye growth were observed in response to glucagon, oxyntomodulin, GLP-1, and miniglucagon. Immunoreactivity for miniglucagon and GLP-1 was colocalized in glucagon-immunoreactive amacrine cells. CONCLUSIONS Prevention of experimental myopia by exogenous glucagon is mediated by receptors selective for glucagon and oxyntomodulin, indicating that glucagon-like peptides and receptors are probable endogenous retinal regulators of the development of myopia.
Does Policy Instability Matter for International Equity Markets?

We test whether policy risk is systematically priced in equity returns across 49 countries from 1995 to 2013. We construct two global policy risk factors based on the ratings from international country risk guide. They capture the policy risk from government instability (GOVLMH) and the quality of bureaucracy (BURLMH). Both factors are significantly and positively related to equity returns and the BURLMH factor carries a monthly risk premium of 65 basis points. A country with weaker economic and institutional conditions has more risk exposure to the BURLMH factor whereas a country with high democracy has more risk exposure to the GOVLMH factor. Overall, our study reveals the importance and complexity of policy risk in international equity markets.