Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Research beyond Scientific Impact How to Include Criteria for Productive Interactions and Impact on Practice and Society

Currently, established research evaluation focuses on scientific impact – that is, the impact of research on science itself. We discuss extending research evaluation to cover productive interactions and the impact of research on practice and society. The results are based on interviews with scientists from (organic) agriculture and a review of the literature on broader/social/societal impact assessment and the evaluation of interdisciplinary and ransdisciplinary research. There is broad agreement about what activities and impacts of research are relevant for such an evaluation. However, the extension of research evaluation is hampered by a lack of easily usable data. To reduce the effort involved in data collection,the usability of existing documentation procedures (e. g., proposals and reports for research funding) needs to be increased.We propose a structured database for the evaluation of scientists, projects, programmes and institutions, one that will require little additional effort beyond existing reporting requirements.
The Puzzling Resistance to Judicial Review of the Legislative Process

Should courts have the power to examine the legislature's enactment process and strike down statutes enacted contrary to procedural lawmaking requirements? This idea remains highly controversial. While substantive judicial review is well-established and often taken for granted, many judges and scholars see judicial review of the legislative process as utterly objectionable. This Article challenges that prevalent position and establishes the case for judicial review of the legislative process.The Article contends that, ironically, some of the major arguments for substantive judicial review in constitutional theory, and even the arguments in Marbury v. Madison itself, are actually more persuasive when applied to judicial review of the legislative process. Furthermore, the Article claims that some of the arguments raised by leading critics of judicial review may actually be employed as arguments justifying judicial review of the lawmaking process. Therefore, countering the orthodoxy in American constitutional law and theory, the Article argues that judicial review of the enactment process is no less important and is, in fact, more justifiable than substantive judicial review.
An exploration of service design jam and its ability to foster social enterprise

Social enterprises (SE) are valued as innovative solutions to complex problems but require conditions to nurture and support them. Most support systems rely on individuals who already have an SE idea, and there is very little research on understanding what conditions can support to cultivate the willingness and motivation to engage individuals in this activity. An exploratory study was led to understand whether a particular event, Service Design Jams can provide such conditions. The paper introduces the study of the Lufbra Jam, organised at Loughborough University, from which two social enterprises, Crop Club in 2013, and FrenPal in 2014 emerged. Through literature review desirability and feasibility were extrapolated as key variables to the formation process of social enterprises. A focus group with three Lufbra Jam organisers was led to identify important organisational elements of the Jam that were perceived to have an impact on the formation of the successful SE thus influencing the perception of desirability and feasibility of SE in individuals. The integration of the two created a thematic matrix that was used to analyse findings from the research with the participants of the two successful SE Cases. The research findings suggest that Lufbra Jam enabled individuals to identify socially and environmentally focused issues and formulate service solutions that they deemed to be desirable and feasible ideas. It also provided an insight that winning and an enterprising workshop were important SDJ elements that helped teams to recognise their service ideas not only as feasible solutions but as SE opportunity for the team to take forward.Keywords:
GC-Olfactometry and descriptive sensory analysis in the study of clonal red wines

The aroma profiles of five distinct clonal red wines from Aragonez Vitis vinifera L. cultivar were studied by gas chromatographyolfactometry (GC-O) and descriptive sensory analysis. Thirty-two odourant peaks were perceived by the sniffers in at least one of the five clonal wine extracts according to the GC-O posterior intensity method and twenty-nine odourant compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2-phenylethanol, 4-vinylguaiacol, furaneol, and homofuraneol were the highest average intensity odourant compounds in all clonal wines. Principal component analysis permitted the establishment of a relationship between the different odourant compound variables and the wines, as well as between the aroma descriptors and the wines. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model (68.9% explained variance) with a vector grouping 7 odourant compounds associated with aroma defects and a second vector grouping 13 compounds with fruity-sweet descriptors was found. The differentiation of the five clonal wines achieved by GC-O and descriptive sensory analysis revealed that these analyses are complementary.
Bye Bye, G.I. - The Impact of the U.S. Military Drawdown on Local German Labor Markets

What is the impact of a local negative demand shock on local labor markets? We exploit the unique natural experiment provided by the drawdown of U.S. military forces in West Germany after the end of the Cold War to investigate this question. We find persistent negative effects of the reduction in the U.S. forces on private sector employment, with con- siderable heterogeneity in terms of age and education groups, and sectors. In addition, the U.S. forces reduction resulted in a rise in local unemployment, whereas migration patterns and wages were not affected.
Decoding Relationships between Chinese Merchants and Batswana Shop Assistants: The Case of China Shops in Gaborone

As part of China’s growing presence in Africa, many Chinese merchants have set up shops in Botswana. Due to government regulations, these merchants are required to hire locals as assistants. However, Chinese shopkeepers, who seem to be motivated by the spirit of Confucian capitalism, have work expectations that are not shared by their Batswana shop assistants. Chinese merchants view their Batswana shop assistants as having poor work ethics, whilst Batswana assistants view Chinese merchants as exploiters of cheap labor. In this research, through participant observation and in-depth interviews, the voices of approximately 90 Chinese employers and 20 Batswana assistants were recorded. The research reveals a lack of organizational commitment and interpersonal trust. Similar to the situation in many other African countries, linguistic and cultural differences have led to disputes, tension, and a toxic work environment. In the rush for investment and employment opportunities, important social and cultural orientations have been neglected and the gap has been filled by pre-conceptions
Higher Education Expansion and the Gender Question in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Women in a Public University

The need to be part of the globalized knowledge economy on the one hand and ensure social justice on the other necessitated the change from elitist to massified higher education system. Following this new development, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa such as Ethiopia embarked on ambitious expansion by increasing the national enrolment capacity and the number of universities. This study assesses the effects of government policies in terms of mainstreaming gender issues in higher education based on a case study at Debub University. Data were collected from two sources. One is the primary data obtained based on an open ended interview with 20 female students admitted on affirmative action program. The second is the university registrar office. The results show that of the total of 27,209 enrolled between 2000/01 and 2004/05 academic years at undergraduate degree programs, only 19.2% were women. Similarly, the average proportion of women graduates over the same period was 11.7%. Women attrition (due to academic reasons) was found to be about 35.1% in the 2003/04 academic year. The qualitative results indicated that women equity is affected by factors related to socio-psychological, academic and guidance and counseling support, health and financial problems. Implications of the findings to policy and practical implementation at lower level in higher education institutions are discussed.
Analysis of Relationship Between Personality and Favorite Places with Poisson Regression Analysis

A relationship between human personality and preferred locations have been a long conjecture for human mobility research. In this paper, we analyzed the relationship between personality and visiting place with Poisson Regression. Poisson Regression can analyze correlation between countable dependent variable and independent variable. For this analysis, 33 volunteers provided their personality data and 49 location categories data are used. Raw location data is preprocessed to be normalized into rates of visit and outlier data is prunned. For the regression analysis, independent variables are personality data and dependent variables are preprocessed location data. Several meaningful results are found. For example, persons with high tendency of frequent visiting to university laboratory has personality with high conscientiousness and low openness. As well, other meaningful location categories are presented in this paper.
Italy from economic decline to the current crisis

The objective of this paper is to show that the current global economic crisis in which also Italy fell in 2008 represents indeed for the Italian economy just the last step of a much longer declining path which started in the nineties or to be more precise in 1992-93. In particular, I argue, the reasons which explain the long Italian decline, and partly also the deeper recession today and the lack of recovery from the current crisis can be found in the past reforms of the labour market, and in particular in the labour flexibility introduced in the last 15 years, which had, along with other policies introduced in parallel, cumulative negative consequences on the inequality, on the consumption, on the aggregate demand, on the labour productivity and on the GDP dynamics.
Causal efiect of sibship size on an individual's education: Evidence from a randomized family planning program in rural Bangladesh

To identify the causal effect of sibship size on education outcomes of individuals, we exploit treatment by a randomized family planning program in Matlab, Bangladesh as the IV for sibship size. While sibship size is negatively correlated with school enrollment and years of schooling, once the endogeneity of sibship size is addressed using the IV, the sibship size effect becomes smaller in most cases and no longer statistically significant. Even in a low-income and high-fertility country such as Bangladesh, the quantity-quality tradeoff may not be as large as it appears, and it may be non-existent. JEL codes: I20, J13, O15
The Effect of Teacher Error Feedback on the Accuracy of EFL Student Writing.

This study investigated the effect of teacher error feedback on students' ability to write accurately. Three male first-year Physics graduate students at a university in Taiwan participated in this study. They were asked to write a 100-word passage about the greatest invention in human history. Within days of the teacher’s grammatical feedback, the students were required to revise their work again based on the teacher's suggested revisions. In addition, oral conferencing was conducted in order to help the students obtain a better comprehension of certain grammar points. Four weeks after the oral conferencing, the students were asked, without prior notice, to revise their original passages again. The findings reveal that the students made progress in the revised versions of their passages, but the success was not repeated in their later test versions. In other words, no positive relationship between teacher error feedback and students’ improvement in linguistic accuracy over time was observed. This suggests that teacher error feedback alone may not facilitate the learning of linguistic information. A combination of sufficient exposure to English in reading and writing, plus opportunities to practice the language, for example, may lead to better grammar.
Water-stress-induced breakdown of carbon–water relations: indicators from diurnal FLUXNET patterns

Abstract. Understanding of terrestrial carbon and water cycles is currently hampered by an uncertainty in how to capture the large variety of plant responses to drought. In FLUXNET, the global network of CO 2 and H 2 O flux observations, many sites do not uniformly report the ancillary variables needed to study drought response physiology. To this end, we outline two data-driven indicators based on diurnal energy, water, and carbon flux patterns derived directly from the eddy covariance data and based on theorized physiological responses to hydraulic and non-stomatal limitations. Hydraulic limitations (i.e. intra-plant limitations on water movement) are proxied using the relative diurnal centroid ( C ET * ), which measures the degree to which the flux of evapotranspiration (ET) is shifted toward the morning. Non-stomatal limitations (e.g. inhibitions of biochemical reactions, RuBisCO activity, and/or mesophyll conductance) are characterized by the Diurnal Water–Carbon Index (DWCI), which measures the degree of coupling between ET and gross primary productivity (GPP) within each day. As a proof of concept we show the response of the metrics at six European sites during the 2003 heat wave event, showing a varied response of morning shifts and decoupling. Globally, we found indications of hydraulic limitations in the form of significantly high frequencies of morning-shifted days in dry/Mediterranean climates and savanna/evergreen plant functional types (PFTs), whereas high frequencies of decoupling were dominated by dry climates and grassland/savanna PFTs indicating a prevalence of non-stomatal limitations in these ecosystems. Overall, both the diurnal centroid and DWCI were associated with high net radiation and low latent energy typical of drought. Using three water use efficiency (WUE) models, we found the mean differences between expected and observed WUE to be − 0.09 to 0.44 µ mol mmol −1 and − 0.29 to − 0.40 µ mol mmol −1 for decoupled and morning-shifted days, respectively, compared to mean differences − 1.41 to − 1.42 µ mol mmol −1 in dry conditions, suggesting that morning shifts/hydraulic responses are associated with an increase in WUE, whereas decoupling/non-stomatal limitations are not.
Testing Happiness Hypothesis Among the Elderly

We use a rich data set that allows us to test different happiness hypotheses employing four methodological approaches. We find that older people in Uruguay have a tendency to report themselves happy when they are married, when they have higher standards of health and when they earn higher levels of income or they consider that their income is suitable for their standard of living. On the contrary, they report lower levels of happiness when they live alone and when their nutrition is insufficient. We also find that education has no clear impact on happiness. We think that our study is a contribution to the study of those factors that can explain happiness among the elderly in Latin American countries. Future work will focus on enhanced empirical analysis and in extending our study to other countries.
Phylogenetic analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008-2012

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important viral disease of sheep and goats and is endemic in all regions of Turkey. In this study, PPR virus infection was investigated by RT-PCR assay based on the fusion (F) gene in PPR-suspected sheep and goat samples. PPR virus RNA was detected in 65 small ruminants (51 sheep, 14 goats) from independent outbreaks during 2008-2012 in provinces in the central and Mediterranean regions and the central-west part of the Aegean region in Turkey. The virus was detected in an aborted sheep fetus sample by RT-PCR, and diagnosis was also confirmed by virus isolation. Vaccine strain Nigeria 75/1 was differentiated from field isolates by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of RT-PCR products using EcoRI. Phylogenetic analysis of 16 viruses indicated that all viruses, including the one from the aborted sheep fetus, belonged to lineage IV, as had the PPR viruses previously isolated in Turkey. Nucleotide sequence identity among 16 viruses was 99.1%-100%. Results showed that PPR virus lineage IV has been in circulation in Turkey since the first detection of the disease.
A theoretical and empirical investigation of property rights sharing in outsourced research, development, and engineering relationships

This article considers the use of property rights to structure ex post bargaining positions in client-sponsored RDE that is, greater contractor property rights are associated with more transaction-specific investments by the client. Contractor property rights are also predicted to increase as environmental uncertainty increases and as more applications of the technology fall outside the client's intended fields of use. Contract-level data from 147 RD&E agreements in technology-intensive settings provide support for these predictions. A secondary examination shows that clients who share property rights with their contractors face reduced opportunism during project execution. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effective microorganisms and their influence on growth and yield of pigweed (amaranthus dubians)

Pigweed (Amaranthus dubians) plants grow widely in many parts of the world. It is a very popular indigenous wild vegetable and is usually utilized by many communities as a nutritional additive. Pigweed is becoming very popular nowadays because of its high nutritive value and simple growth habits. However there is very little information about growth of this plant, using effective microorganisms, thus this study is designed to evaluate the effect of inoculation of effective microorganism on growth and yield of pigweed. The experiment was performed in five liter pots representing various conditions in the field. It comprised of four treatments, replicated, five times and arranged in a complete randomized design. One set of the treatments consisted of soil collected from the field, while the other treatments consisted of soil and organic manure prepared using effective microorganisms, sterilized soil treated with effective microorganisms, and sterilized soil plus organic manure without application of effective microorganisms respectively. Shoot height, stem diameter, leaf number per plant, leaf area, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight and chlorophyll a and b contents were determined. Inoculated pigweeds with effective microorganisms recorded highest values in all the parameters measured except the root dry matter accumulation. There were significant differences (p≤0.05) in shoot height growth, stem diameter, leaf numbers per plant, leaf area, leaf fresh and dry weight and root fresh and dry weights among treatments. There were no significant differences in leaf chlorophyll content among the treatments even though chlorophyll a and b contents were slightly higher in plants inoculated with effective microorganisms. The three other treatments had significantly lower values of the parameters determined. The results from this study demonstrated that growth and yield of pigweeds may be improved by inoculating the plants with effective microorganisms, and as a result reduce the use of fertilizers in production of this vegetable hence promoting sustainable agriculture. More studies would be needed to determine the effects of effective microorganisms’ inoculation on other amaranthus species.
Antecedents of Innovativeness: Entrepreneurial Team Characteristics and Networking

This paper highlights the impact of entrepreneurial team demographics and networking on organizational innovativeness in a sample of SMEs located in northwest Turkey. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial team characteristics (age heterogeneity and average education) played a significant role in organizational innovativeness of SMEs after controlling team size. Networking with public organizations played an important role in contributing to innovativeness capacity whereas networking with competitors had a marginal role. The findings suggest substitutability between entrepreneurial team characteristics (average education) and networking which can offer more flexibility in the policies of public organizations and educational institutions.
Quantum phase transition in a shallow one-dimensional optical lattice

In this paper the extended Bose–Hubbard model describing ultracold atoms confined in a shallow, one-dimensional optical lattice is introduced and studied by the exact diagonalization approach. All parameters of the model are related to the only relevant parameter controlled experimentally—the depth of the optical potential. Changes in the shape of the insulating lobe in the phase diagram of the system are explored and the value of the critical tunneling for which the system undergoes the phase transition (from the insulating to the superfluid phase) is predicted. It is shown that the value of the critical tunneling is substantially affected by the presence of the tunnelings to distant sites of the optical lattice. The results may have some importance in upcoming experiments on quantum quench through phase transition points.
The increased use of information and communication technology (ICT) among employees: Implications for work-life interaction

Technology has become one of society’s everyday functional tools, changing rapidly and providing widespread mobility. In South Africa alone, the number of Internet users grew from 8,5 million to 24,9 million in only three years (2011-2014). Currently, 90 per cent of these users access this facility from their mobile devices. Statistics illustrate that South Africans are moving towards a continuously connected lifestyle, a situation in which information and communication technology (ICT) seems to have become ubiquitous. Given the rapid growth of ITC technology and its absorption into people’s lives (both personally and professionally), the general aim of the present research was to investigate the use of ICT among employees and how it affects their work-life interaction (WLI). The researcher employed a qualitative research approach in accordance with which a sample of 25 employees was interviewed. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and processed by means of thematic analyses. Three themes with corresponding sub-themes were extracted: use of ICT (i.e. in both work and family domains); challenges that ICT use presents; and the way in which employees manage their WLI by means of ICT. The participants experienced WLI as mostly negative. However, they also mentioned two different approaches that helped them manage interaction between their work and family domains. These approaches entail 1) applying limits to their use of ICT, and 2) using ICT to create flexibility. This article advises that organisations should consider adopting ICT to assist their employees in the management of these two domains. This could be done in two ways. First, organisations could implement a code of conduct or provide guidelines for eliminating the intrusive and excessive use of ICT, especially after working hours. Secondly, organisations could pilot or implement flexible working hours and possible telecommuting initiatives.