Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Index of microcirculatory resistance-guided therapy with pressure-controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion improves coronary microvascular function and reduces infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the Oxford Acute Myocardial Infarction - Pressure-controlled Inter

AIMS The Oxford Acute Myocardial Infarction PICSO (OxAMI-PICSO) study aimed to assess the efficacy of index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR)-guided therapy with pressure-controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion (PICSO) in anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with anterior STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) were enrolled. Pre-stenting IMR was measured and PICSO treatment delivered if pre-stenting IMR was >40. No PICSO treatment was considered in patients with a pre-stenting IMR ≤40. The control group was derived from a historical cohort of STEMI patients with pre-stenting IMR >40 enrolled in the observational OxAMI study. IMR was measured after completion of pPCI in all patients and within 48 hours in PICSO patients and controls. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed per protocol for infarct size (IS) assessment within 48 hours after pPCI and at six months. A total of 105 patients were enrolled (25 PICSO, 50 controls with pre-stenting IMR >40, 30 with pre-stenting IMR ≤40). Compared to controls, patients treated with PICSO had a lower IMR at 24-48 hours (24.8 [18.5-35.9] vs. 45.0 [32.0-51.3], p<0.001) and lower IS at six months (26.0% [20.2-30.0] vs. 33.0% [28.0-37.0], p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS An IMR-guided treatment with PICSO in anterior STEMI is feasible and may be associated with reduced IS and improved microvascular function.
Mapping the neuroanatomic substrates of cognition in familial attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract Background While the neuroanatomic substrates of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been investigated, less is known about the neuroanatomic correlates of cognitive abilities pertinent to the disorder, particularly in adults. Here we define the neuroanatomic correlates of key cognitive abilities and determine if there are associations with histories of psychostimulant medication. Methods We acquired neuroanatomic magnetic resonance imaging data from 264 members of 60 families (mean age 29.5; s.d. 18.4, 116 with ADHD). Using linear mixed model regression, we tested for associations between cognitive abilities (working memory, information processing, intelligence, and attention), symptoms and both cortical and subcortical volumes. Results Symptom severity was associated with spatial working memory (t = −3.77, p = 0.0002), processing speed (t = −2.95, p = 0.004) and a measure of impulsive responding (t = 2.19, p = 0.03); these associations did not vary with age (all p > 0.1). Neuroanatomic associations of cognition varied by task but centered on prefrontal, lateral parietal and temporal cortical regions, the thalamus and putamen. The neuroanatomic correlates of ADHD symptoms overlapped significantly with those of working memory (Dice's overlap coefficient: spatial, p = 0.003; verbal, p = 0.001) and information processing (p = 0.02). Psychostimulant medication history was associated with neither cognitive skills nor with a brain–cognition relationships. Conclusions Diagnostic differences in the cognitive profile of ADHD does not vary significantly with age; nor were cognitive differences associated with psychostimulant medication history. The neuroanatomic substrates of working memory and information overlapped with those for symptoms within these extended families, consistent with a pathophysiological role for these cognitive skills in familial ADHD.
Somatic Illness and Hospitalization as Triggers for Psychiatric Disorders of the Affective Spectrum: Results of a Large Study on Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

Objective: The hospitalization of patients for medical reasons potentially generates enormous psychological stress and may evoke psychiatric pathology of the affective/anxiety-spectrum. It is well known that affective disorders are very common diagnoses among somatically ill patients. Here, we further investigated the characteristics of depression and anxiety in hospital patients by studying data from a large sample of psychiatric consultations of medical inpatients. Methods: In a prospective, observational design we collected and analyzed data from 890 psychiatric consultations of somatically ill hospital patients, who required psychiatric assessment by consultation-liaison services due to acute psychopathology. Only data that were collected as part of the routine psychiatric care were processed for this study. Patients were seen in two German hospitals, Klinikum Forchheim and University Clinic Erlangen. More than 90% of consultations were carried out by the same three psychiatrists. Results: Affective disorders were the most common diagnoses given to patients as a result of the consultation (39.2%). A further 10.4% of patients suffered from reaction to severe stress and adjustment disorders and 7.7% suffered from anxiety disorders. More than 80% of patients with disorders of the affective/anxiety spectrum required further treatment following the consultation, and 36.1% of patients with affective disorders required inpatient psychiatric treatment. Relatively few patients had received regular psychiatric treatment or psychotherapy prior to the hospital stay (24.8% for affective disorders, 19.1% for anxiety disorders and 9.2% for reaction to severe stress and adjustment disorders), yet 82.5% of patients had a pre-existing psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusion: Our findings underline the potential of a medical hospital stay to trigger substantial psychiatric symptoms in patients with and without a pre-known psychiatric diagnosis. Patients with a pre-existing diagnosis of affective or anxiety disorders seem to be at particular risk of developing psychopathology in the course of a somatic hospital stay. Better routine psychiatric care is needed to prevent the development or exacerbation of psychopathology in hospital patients.
Residual archives on organochlorine insecticides in the core sediment of a tropical estuary, India

A comprehensive evaluation of the residual levels of Organochlorine insecticides (OCIs) in the sediment cores of Cochin Estuarine System (CES) is highlighted in this research article. It assessed the distribution pattern and impact of these xenobiotics in this environmental niche. Fifteen persistent organochlorine compounds (OCs) were quantitatively analysed in the six sediment core samples collected from specific sites of CES, during November 2009. Among these contaminants, residual levels of HCH, Cyclodienes and DDT were the dominant entities. According to the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the higher concentration of these persistent toxicants found in the CES was enough to pose ecological risk to the bottom dwelling consumers. This study provides a better understanding of these trace organics in the environment and could develop more effective strategies for protecting this vulnerable ecosystem from further pollution. Further, sediment screening bioassays can also be conducted for both sediment quality evaluation and identification of existing potent toxicants.
Market Liquidity and Financial Fragility

This paper proposes a model of the endogenous formation of financial networks, where government and central bank policies that enhance the liquidity of assets government intervention for short play a key role. Under government intervention, large and less liquid investments become more profitable, but to finance them banks need to resort to the interbank market. This makes the structure of the financial network and its associated exposure to shocks, i.e., fragility to be dependent on government intervention. The main result of the paper is to show that, despite improving the networth of banks, government intervention might lead to more financial fragility, as changes in network structure can create additional channels for contagion.
Loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress among out-of-school adolescents in a Nigerian urban city

ABSTRACT Loneliness is the feeling of distress that arises when an individual perceives his or her social relationships as being less satisfying than what is desired. Life satisfaction is a global assessment of an individual’s quality of life based on his chosen criteria. This descriptive cross sectional study assessed loneliness, life satisfaction and psychological distress among 480 out of school adolescents using the UCLA loneliness scale, the Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and the General Health questionnaire. Reasons for out of school are poverty (45.0%), eager to do business (30.0%) and death of parents (20.0%). 25.8% experienced frequent loneliness while 24.2% had psychological distress. Findings were discussed in line with literature reviewed and recommendations made.
NEONATAL, PAEDIATRIC AND CHILD HEALTH NURSING

Children with severe feeding problems present unique challenges as they may fail to thrive despite parents’ best efforts and require additional nutritional support. Comparatively few studies have examined the impact of tube-feeding on the lives of children and parents from the parents’ perspective. This study redresses this imbalance by providing a detailed interpretive account of parents’ experiences of their child’s home enteral nutrition (HEN). A sample of 34 parents in South Australia were interviewed individually or in focus groups. Data were analysed using a data-driven thematic analysis technique. Participants were parents of children in the HEN service at a tertiary paediatric hospital.
Looking at the Eyes Interferes With Facial Emotion Recognition in Alexithymia

Alexithymia refers to difficulties in identifying, differentiating, and describing feelings. This personality trait is highly prevalent in many psychiatric conditions and may drive associated social-emotional problems, including the ability to decode emotions in faces. This study probed alexithymic problems with identifying clear and ambiguous blends of emotions in faces and their underlying visual attention patterns. Using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale–20, students with high alexithymia (HA, n = 73) or low alexithymia (LA, n = 76) were enrolled in this study. Participants judged the mixture ratio of emotional expressions while their eye movements were recorded. Controlling for group differences in mood and anxiety, HA showed similar accuracy but a reduced viewing preference of facial eye regions compared to LA (p = .02). More attention to the eye regions was related to lower accuracy in HA (p = .02) but to slightly higher accuracy in LA (p = .07). The current findings point to a role of alexithymia in attentional avoidance of other people’s eyes, similar to previous findings in autism spectrum disorder. Eye contact may be perceived as a greater emotional challenge by those with alexithymia, disrupting downstream processing of facial emotions.
Role of S-100β in stroke

ABSTRACT The S-100β levels are associated with a variety of acute disorders and other chronic diseases, such as head injury, stroke, metastatic melanoma, cardiac surgery, bone fractures, burns and contusions. The serum S-100β levels seem to increase with the volume of tissue damage. Higher serum S-100β levels have been observed after brain damage or stroke. A number of studies have evidenced the clinical value of S-100β in the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke while the S-100β marker is elevated in the peripheral blood during the acute phase of stroke. However, the clinical usefulness of S-100β biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke has a limitation due to its low discriminating ability in stroke diagnosis and prognosis.
Involvement of NarK 1 and NarK 2 Proteins in Transport of Nitrate and Nitrite in the Denitrifying Bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO 1

Two transmembrane proteins were tentatively classified as NarK1 and NarK2 in the Pseudomonas genome project and hypothesized to play an important physiological role in nitrate/nitrite transport in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The narK1 and narK2 genes are located in a cluster along with the structural genes for the nitrate reductase complex. Our studies indicate that the transcription of all these genes is initiated from a single promoter and that the gene complex narK1K2GHJI constitutes an operon. Utilizing an isogenic narK1 mutant, a narK2 mutant, and a narK1K2 double mutant, we explored their effect on growth under denitrifying conditions. While the narK1::Gm mutant was only slightly affected in its ability to grow under denitrification conditions, both the narK2::Gm and narK1K2::Gm mutants were found to be severely restricted in nitratedependent, anaerobic growth. All three strains demonstrated wild-type levels of nitrate reductase activity. Nitrate uptake by whole-cell suspensions demonstrated both the narK2::Gm and narK1K2::Gm mutants to have very low yet different nitrate uptake rates, while the narK1::Gm mutant exhibited wild-type levels of nitrate uptake. Finally, Escherichia coli narK rescued both the narK2::Gm and narK1K2::Gm mutants with respect to anaerobic respiratory growth. Our results indicate that only the NarK2 protein is required as a nitrate/nitrite transporter by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under denitrifying conditions.
Using Synergy between Water Limnology and Satellite Imagery to Identify Algal Blooms Extent in a Brazilian Amazonian Reservoir

Monitoring algal blooms from space is a very challenging task, which becomes particularly difficult when dealing with cyanobacteria blooms. Cyanobacteria are strategic organisms adapted to a wide variety of environmental conditions. In high concentrations, they form scum on the water surface, which is a concern for public health due to the production of toxins, as well as being a nuisance. Knowledge of the ecological role of these organisms is, therefore, essential when trying to estimate their extent from satellite-based data. We present a multidisciplinary approach, based on both the ecological and the optical perspective. This approach is applied in a Brazilian Amazonian reservoir using spatial and temporal scales. The ACOLITE processor is employed to perform atmospheric correction. Extent of the algal bloom is mapped with outputs such as Rayleigh reflectance atmospheric corrected images. Chlorophyll-a estimation is accomplished using a blue-green edge algorithm from the Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG), and shows reasonable results (R2 = 0.95; RMSE = 0.40). The SAred-NIR slope algorithm identifies the extent of the algal bloom at both the spatial and temporal scale. Unfortunately, the performance of these algorithms is most likely affected by weather conditions and glint effects. Therefore, this study recommends that cyanobacteria or phytoplankton studies in this area ensure that their ecological functioning is carefully considered when attempting to map occurrence using limited satellite imagery.
Meniscus Repair in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Treatment Approaches, Meniscal Healing, and Outcomes

Abstract Although the consequences of traumatic meniscus tears and the importance of meniscal repair are well-established in adults, the same cannot be said for the young population. Better evidence regarding the outcomes following traumatic meniscal tears in children would improve our understanding of this increasing pathology and help define important factors in deciding the best treatment option. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE Ovid, and MEDLINE PubMed databases. Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies reporting the outcomes of meniscal repair in patients 18 years old or younger, with a minimum mean follow-up of 12 months, Portuguese, Spanish, or English languages, and human studies including 10 or more patients. Our search identified 2,534 individual titles. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 studies were included, evaluating 287 patients with repaired meniscal tears. All eight studies were classified as level of evidence IV. The mean methodological index for nonrandomized studies score was 8.6 ± 1.4. Meniscal repair included all meniscal zones and tear patterns. Anterior cruciate ligament tear was the most common associated injury. The all-inside and inside-out techniques were predominantly reported. The majority of the patients reported good to excellent outcomes and had clinical signals of meniscal healing; meniscectomies following meniscal repair were performed in just 44 cases. In conclusion, meniscal tears in pediatrics are not uncommon. Repairs of this injury were associated with good to excellent outcomes in most patients, regardless of the injury pattern, zone, or technique. Reported complications were minimal; however, higher quality studies are needed to confirm the findings of this systematic review. This is a systematic review study with Level IV.
A comparative evaluation of the performance of popular SDN controllers

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an architecture that decouples the routing intelligence from the forwarding functions, using an entity called "controller". It is paramount that the performance of the controller is thoroughly understood prior to its deployment. However, the rapid introduction of many new controllers in the research community makes it difficult to choose a suitable controller. This paper studies and evaluates the performance of several popular open source controllers such as ONOS, Ryu, Floodlight and OpenDayLight in terms of latency and throughput using an OpenFlow benchmarking tool called Cbench. Additionally, a feature-based comparison of the controllers is presented. These experimental tests provide a decision making guideline when selecting a controller.
Risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing non-major oral and maxillofacial surgery-a retrospective chart study

Background/purpose: Recently, postoperative delirium (POD) has become a major problem in the perioperative management of general anesthesia in elderly patients. In this study, the general anesthesia and perioperative management of elderly patients aged 75 years or older undergoing non-major oral and maxillofacial surgery, and the incidence of POD, were retrospectively investigated, and the risk factors associated with them were determined. Materials and methods: The study was performed by retrospectively investigating patients’ medical records. The items investigated included: patient characteristics, dental diagnosis, concomitant general diseases, including dementia, preoperative laboratory data, anesthesia method (induction and maintenance of anesthesia), changes in blood pressure during anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, duration of surgery, perioperative complications, dose of anesthetics at induction, use of hemodynamic agents, and changes in pre- and postsurgical cognitive function. The Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. A significance level of p<0.05 was set for each test. Results and conclusions: The participants were 42 patients (15 males and 27 females) with a median age of 81 years. Six patients were preoperatively diagnosed with dementia. The risk factors for POD identified were preoperative diagnosis of dementia, higher age and longer duration of anesthesia. No other factors were significantly related to the risk of POD. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a preoperative diagnosis of dementia correlated with postoperative delirium. Six patients developed POD within several hours or 1 day after the end of anesthesia; five of the six patients were diagnosed with dementia preoperatively.
Predicting the aftermath of vortex breakup in rotating flow

A method for predicting the outcome of vortex breakup in a rotating flow is introduced. The vortices dealt with here are subject to both centrifugal and barotropic instabilities. The prediction of the aftermath of the breakup relies on knowing how both centrifugal and barotropic instabilities would equilibrate separately. A theoretical model for non-linear equilibration in centrifugal instability is wedded to two-dimensional simulation of barotropic instability to predict the final vortices that emerge from the debris of the original vortex. This prediction method is tested against three-dimensional Navier–Stokes simulations. For vortices in which a rapid centrifugal instability triggers a slower barotropic instability, the method is successful both qualitatively and quantitatively. The skill of the prediction method decreases as the time scales of the two instabilities become comparable.
A surveillance study on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern among different groups of bacteria isolated from Western province of Saudi Arabia

Objective: The epidemiological data from a given location are useful for antimicrobial therapy. This study was carried out to find new insight regarding the prevalence of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria from Western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The antimicrobial resistance profiles were investigated in bacteria from various specimens like blood, skin, wound, stool, urine, and respiratory tract. In vitro susceptibilities were determined by VITEK 2 system using AST-GN69 and AST-GP67 cards for Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive respectively. Results: Among 877 E. coli isolates from urine, 48.6% were found resistant to SXT, 49.3% of 341 Klebsiella isolates were resistant to AMP. Eighty (59.3%) of Klebsiella isolates from respiratory secretions were resistant to AMP and Pipracillin. Of 244 Acinetobacter baumannii from respiratory sources 20.1% were resistant to SXT. Twenty seven (56.3%) E. coli and 31.1% Klebsiella from respiratory sources were positive for Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBLs). Methicillinresistance was observed in 50.3% S. aureus from miscellaneous cultures whereas 35.9% were methicillin resistant among respiratory isolates. Conclusion: The study provides the information regarding the drug resistance patterns in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and other bacterial pathogens from Western Region of Saudi Arabia. The study is significant in terms of prevalence of ESBL positive and methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates in the western region of Saudi Arabia.