Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-scale computational framework for the evaluation of variability in the programing window of a flash cell with molecular storage

We report a modeling study of a conceptual non-volatile memory cell based on inorganic molecular clusters as a storage media embedded in the gate dielectric of a MOSFET. For the purpose of this study we have developed a multi-scale simulation framework that enables the evaluation of the variability in the programming window of a flash-cell with sub-20nm gate length. Furthermore, we have studied the threshold voltage statistical variability due to the presence of random dopant fluctuations and polyoxometalate (POM) distribution in the cell. The simulation framework and the general conclusions of our work are transferrable to flash cells based on alternative molecules used for a storage media.
Predictive medicine: incipient reality or fata morgana?

The success of targeted therapy depends on reliable biomarkers that indicate the presence and accessibility of the target molecules with which the therapeutic drug will interact. In principle, this is independent of whether the drug is a small molecule, such as kinase inhibitors, or a therapeutic antibody, such as trastuzumab or cetuximab. The functional system of target–drug interaction is described as ‘predictive medicine’, one of the great hopes in the treatment of cancer. The major challenges are the precise prediction of the patient's individual prognosis, of the probability of metastases, and of individual therapeutic response. The questions, challenges, and possible answers related to this complex issue as well as the prerequisites for the development of more efficient and less toxic cancer therapy are discussed. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vector modulator for W-band software radar techniques

Direct-carrier modulation is an attractive technique for low-cost high-performance radar transceivers. In this paper, it is shown that, when the technique is applied to a generic homodyne radar architecture, the signaling waveform can be software adapted without requiring any hardware modifications. The key circuit in this novel software radar is a W-band monolithic I-Q vector modulator employing two push-pull (bi-phase) amplitude modulators. To fully exploit this circuit's capacity to generate accurate constellations at millimeter-wave frequencies, a generalized theoretical analysis of the I-Q (push-pull) vector modulator is presented. This is a comprehensive analysis of the topology and does not assume ideal components. As a demonstration of the vector modulator's flexibility, a 76.5-GHz MMIC version has been fabricated and characterized by means of static S-parameter measurements and by several modulation spectra. Based on the theoretical model and the measured results, the I-Q (push-pull) vector modulator promises to be a vital component for the realization of future software radar.
Targeted therapy in sarcomas other than GIST tumors

Non‐GIST soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous grouping of mesenchymal tumors that comprise less than 1% of adult malignancies. Treatment continues to be based on cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens. However, characterization of the molecular pathway deregulations that drive these tumors has led to the emergence of more customized treatment options. In this review, we focus on the multitude of molecular inhibitors targeting angiogenesis and cell cycle pathways being tested in clinical trials. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:632–640. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure génétique, biochimique, morphologique et écologique de Oenocarpus bataua Mart. (Arecaceae) : perspectives pour la valorisation durable d'une ressource forestière néotropicale

Au rythme actuel de deforestation de la region amazonienne, on s’attend a une severe reduction de la diversite genetique, voire a l’extinction d’especes natives de cette region. Dans le cas d’especes economiquement prometteuses telles que Oenocarpus bataua (Arecaceae), l’erosion de la diversite genetique est de plus une preoccupation par rapport a la mise en place de programmes de domestications. Dans ce contexte, la presente recherche a pour but d’explorer la diversite genetique, biochimique, morphologique et ecologique d’une espece de palmiers largement utilisee par les habitants natifs et immigrants en Amazonie. Oenocarpus bataua Mart. Est un palmier monoique largement distribue dans les terres basses du nord de l’Amerique du Sud. Ses fruits sont tres recherches pour leurs proprietes oleagineuses. La presente etude s’interesse a plusieurs problematiques concernant la variabilite de l’espece a differents niveaux taxinomiques. (i) Au niveau generique La position taxinomique de O. Bataua soit dans le genre Oenocarpus soit dans le genre monospecifique Jessenia a ete tres controversee. Une phylogenie moleculaire basee sur des sequences d’ADN chloroplastique realisee au cours de cette etude est en accord avec la reduction de Jessenia en synonymie de Oenocarpus. (ii) Au niveau infraspecifique La variabilite biologique de O. Bataua a ete etudiee par le passe sur la base des seuls caracteres morphologiques. Ces etudes ont identifie deux varietes : var. Bataua de l’Amazonie centrale et occidentale et var. Oligocarpa des Guyanes. L’analyse genetique basee sur les donnees AFLP ainsi qu’une etude de la composition en acides gras des fruits revelent une forte differentiation entre ces varietes. De plus, le genotypage d’un polymorphisme d’inversion dans une sequence chloroplastique distingue egalement les deux varietes. (iii) Au niveau populationnel Afin d’ameliorer la connaissance de l’histoire naturelle de cette espece, une etude ecologique a une echelle regionale a ete conduite pour caracteriser les preferences ecologiques de O. Bataua dans l’Amazonie occidentale. Ce travail a montre l’existence d’un ecocline dans la distribution de l’espece, les populations de l’extreme ouest et est de la zone etudiee etant specialisees au niveau edaphique, tendis que les populations intermediaires sont generalistes. L’etude de la structure de la diversite genetique dans cette region a l’aide de marqueurs microsatellites montre que les differentes populations ne forment pas des groupes distincts, en particulier en relation avec la specialisation edaphique, et semblent au contraire etre connectees entre elles par des flux de genes a relativement grande distance. Cette these fournit de nouveaux elements concernant la structure de la variabilite de O. Bataua, sur la base de differents jeux de donnees, ainsi que des donnees nouvelles sur la composition de l’huile du mecocarpe, qui est le produit principal tire de cette plante
ESAT-6 Subunit Vaccination againstMycobacterium tuberculosis

ABSTRACT The ESAT-6 antigen from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a dominant target for cell-mediated immunity in the early phase of tuberculosis (TB) in TB patients as well as in various animal models. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential of ESAT-6 in an experimental TB vaccine. We started out using dimethyl dioctadecylammonium bromide (DDA), an adjuvant which has been demonstrated to be efficient for the induction of cellular immune responses and has been used successfully before as a delivery system for TB vaccines. Here we demonstrate that, whereas immune responses to both short-term-culture filtrate and Ag85B are efficiently induced with DDA, this adjuvant was inefficient for the induction of immune responses to ESAT-6. Therefore, we investigated the modulatory effect of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), an immunomodulator which in different combinations has demonstrated strong adjuvant activity for both cellular and humoral immune responses. We show in the present study that vaccination with ESAT-6 delivered in a combination of MPL and DDA elicited a strong ESAT-6-specific T-cell response and protective immunity comparable to that achieved withMycobacterium bovis BCG.
Indirect Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Power Configuration and Control in Wireless Networks

In this paper, non deterministic Indirect Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques for controlling the transmission times and power of Wireless Network nodes are presented. Indirect RL facilitates planning and learning which ultimately leads to convergence on optimal actions with reduced episodes or time steps compared to direct RL. Three Dyna architecture based algorithms for non deterministic environments are presented. The results show improvements over direct RL and conventional static power control techniques.
Exercise dosing to retain resistance training adaptations in young and older adults.

UNLABELLED Resistance training (RT) is a proven sarcopenia countermeasure with a high degree of potency. However, sustainability remains a major issue that could limit the appeal of RT as a therapeutic approach without well-defined dosing requirements to maintain gains. PURPOSE To test the efficacy of two maintenance prescriptions on muscle mass, myofiber size and type distribution, and strength. We hypothesized the minimum dose required to maintain RT-induced adaptations would be greater in the old (60-75 yr) versus young (20-35 yr). METHODS Seventy adults participated in a two-phase exercise trial that consisted of RT 3 d·wk for 16 wk (phase 1) followed by a 32-wk period (phase 2) with random assignment to detraining or one of two maintenance prescriptions (reducing the dose to one-third or one-ninth of that during phase 1). RESULTS Phase 1 resulted in expected gains in strength, myofiber size, and muscle mass along with the typical IIx-to-IIa shift in myofiber-type distribution. Both maintenance prescriptions preserved phase 1 muscle hypertrophy in the young but not the old. In fact, the one-third maintenance dose led to additional myofiber hypertrophy in the young. In both age groups, detraining reversed the phase 1 IIx-to-IIa myofiber-type shift, whereas a dose response was evident during maintenance training with the one-third dose better maintaining the shift. Strength gained during phase 1 was largely retained throughout detraining with only a slight reduction at the final time point. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that older adults require a higher dose of weekly loading than the young to maintain myofiber hypertrophy attained during a progressive RT program, yet gains in specific strength among older adults were well preserved and remained at or above levels of the untrained young.
Immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay that is more sensitive and specific than western blotting for detection of antibody immunoglobulin G to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in serum with recombinant pol and gag proteins as antigens

Antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG) to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serum was detected by ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassays (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassays) with recombinant reverse transcriptase (rRT), p17 (rp17) and p24 (rp24) of HIV-1 as antigens and beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia coli as the label. The immune complex, comprising 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin-recombinant protein conjugate, antibody IgG to HIV-1, and recombinant protein-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate, was trapped on polystyrene beads coated with affinity-purified (anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group) IgG, eluted with epsilon N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-L-lysine, and transferred to polystyrene beads coated with affinity-purified (anti-human IgG gamma-chain) IgG. Bound beta-D-galactosidase activity was assayed by fluorometry. The assays were highly reproducible with no serious serum interference, and they were much more sensitive than Western immunoblotting for the corresponding antigens. Signals with rRT, rp17, and rp24 for asymptomatic carriers were at least 56,000-, 680-, and 22-fold higher, respectively, than those for seronegative individuals, and neither indeterminate nor false-positive results were observed, whereas some serum samples were false negative or false positive by Western blotting for p17 and/or p24 antigen. In some cases, seroconversion was detected earlier than by conventional methods. Therefore, these assays are suggested to be more useful than conventional methods not only for the confirmation of antibody IgGs to RT, p17, and p24 of HIV-1 in serum but also for the detection of seroconversion.
Reactivity and Antibody Responses of Volunteers Given Two or Three Doses of Pneumococcal Vaccine

Abstract Pneumococcal antibody responses and adverse reactions were assessed in 12 healthy volunteers who received either two (10 volunteers) or three (2 volunteers) doses of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines at 1 or 2 year intervals. The volunteers were given hexavalent (types 1, 3, 4, 7F, 8, 12F) octavalent (types 14, 19F added) nonavalent (type 5 added), and tridecavalent (types 6A, 6B, 9N, 18C, 23F added; type 5 removed) pneumococcal vaccines. Local and systemic reactions following any of the vaccines, either first, second, or third doses, were low, and these were mild; fever did not occur. Twelve volunteers received types 1, 3, 4, 7F, 8, and 12F in two doses of vaccine, and four volunteers received types 14 and 19F in two doses of vaccine. Primary immunization induced significant antibody rises to these antigens in most volunteers, but a second dose of vaccine did not further increase antibody levels to the same antigens; when it also contained new antigens, antibody rises usually developed to these antigens. Although the data are limited to detailed studies of only 12 persons, the results suggest that additional studies of this issue would seem appropriate.
Dialectical behaviour therapy in an inpatient unit for women with a learning disability

There is a general lack of self-report data from service users with an intellectual disability (ID) about their views of psychological interventions. This research explored the views and experiences of female inpatients, with a diagnosis of a personality disorder and an ID, about dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT). Semi-structured interviews were used with 10 women, recruited from two independent mental health hospitals. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants showed varying levels of understanding of DBT. Findings highlight the need for a standardized approach with a suitably adapted structure and curriculum to meet the needs of inpatients with an ID. Factors such as the therapeutic relationship were identified as playing a role in participants’ motivation, engagement and participation in DBT.
Heteroresistance to Fosfomycin Is Predominant in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Depends on the murA1 Gene

ABSTRACT Fosfomycin targets the first step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae catalyzed by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyltransferase (MurA1). We investigated whether heteroresistance to fosfomycin occurs in S. pneumoniae. We found that of 11 strains tested, all but 1 (Hungary19A) displayed heteroresistance and that deletion of murA1 abolished heteroresistance. Hungary19A differs from the other strains by a single amino acid substitution in MurA1 (Ala364Thr). To test whether this substitution is responsible for the lack of heteroresistance, it was introduced into strain D39. The heteroresistance phenotype of strain D39 was not changed. Furthermore, no relevant structural differences between the MurA1 crystal structures of heteroresistant strain D39 and nonheteroresistant strain Hungary19A were found. Our results reveal that heteroresistance to fosfomycin is the predominant phenotype of S. pneumoniae and that MurA1 is required for heteroresistance to fosfomycin but is not the only factor involved. The findings provide a caveat for any future use of fosfomycin in the treatment of pneumococcal infections.
The Influence of a Steroid Hormone and of Physical Exercise on Protein Metabolism in Rats

The influence of an anabolic steroid hormone preparation and of a physical exercise training program was studied on the nitrogen and protein metabolism in rats with the help of the 15N tracer technique and the emission spectrometric 15N isotope analysis. For the determination of the dynamic parameters of the protein metabolism graphic (stochastic) and computer aided compartmental methods were compared. Using as a stochastic approach the area-method the animals showed significant differences in the protein turnover parameters under the influence of hormone treatment and (or) physical stress by swimming exercise in comparison to the controls.
A SVM Greek character recogniser

This paper presents a handwritten Greek character recogniser based on Support Vector Machines (SVMs). The recogniser is composed of two modules: the first one is a feature extractor, the second one, the classifier, is performed by means of SVMs. The recogniser, tested on a database of more than 22000 handwritten Greek characters, has shown satisfactory performances. SVMs compare notably better, in terms of recognition rates, with popular neural classifiers, such as Learning Vector Quantisation (LVQ) and Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP).
Increased skewing of X chromosome inactivation with age in both blood and buccal cells

The X chromosome inactivation pattern in peripheral blood cells becomes more skewed after age 55, and a genetic effect on this age-related skewing has been reported. We investigated the effect of age on X inactivation phenotype in blood, buccal cells and tissue from duodenal biopsies in 80 females aged 19–90 years. The X inactivation pattern correlated positively with age in blood (r = 0.238, P = 0.034) and buccal cells (r = 0.260, P = 0.02). The mean degree of skewing was higher in the elderly (≧55 years) than in the young (<55 years) in blood (70.1 and 63.5%, respectively, P = 0.013) and in buccal cells (64.7 and 59.0%, respectively, P = 0.004). Correlation of X inactivation between the different tissues was high in all tissues with a tendency to increase with age for blood and buccal cells (P = 0.082). None of the duodenal biopsies had a skewed X inactivation, and the mean degree of skewing was similar in the two age groups. The tendency for the same X chromosome to be the preferentially active X in both blood and buccal cells with advancing age is in agreement with a genetic effect on age-related skewing and indicates that genes other than those involved in hematopoiesis should be investigated in the search for genes contributing to age related skewing.
Assessment of the accuracy of a new tool for the screening of smartphone addiction

Objective To translate, adapt and validate the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI) in a Brazilian population of young adults. Method We employed the translation and back-translation method for the adaptation of the Brazilian version SPAI (SPAI-BR). The sample consisted of 415 university students. Data was collected through an electronic questionnaire, which consisted of the SPAI-BR and the Goodman Criteria (gold standard). The retests were carried out 10–15 days after the initial tests with 130 individuals. Results The SPAI-BR maintained semantic, idiomatic and conceptual equivalences from the original scale. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the One-factor model of the SPAI with good fit indexes (x2 = 767.861, CFI = 0.913, TLI = 0.905, RMSE = 0.061, WRMR = 1.465). The Kuder-Richardson Coefficient showed good internal consistency. The analysis of the ROC curve established an area under the curve of 86.38%. The Intraclass-Correlation Coefficient of 0.926 between the test and the retest demonstrated an excellent temporal stability. The high correlation between SPAI-BR and the Goodman Criteria (rs = 0.750) established the convergent validity. Conclusion The SPAI-BR is a valid and reliable tool for the detection of Smartphone Addiction in Brazilian university students.
Using Digital Technologies to Improve Treatment Adherence

Although health care recommendations should be agreed upon by a patient and her provider, patients cannot always follow these recommendations. Adherence remains low despite decades of research, highlighting the need for innovative approaches to tackle this problem. Interventions to improve adherence can capitalize on our reliance on technology. Digital technology interventions show promise in aiding patients attain and maintain their health care goals, including adherence to medication regimens and vaccination recommendations, receiving necessary treatment, attending appointments, and maintaining healthy behaviors. We present suggestions for clinicians who want to incorporate technologies to help their patients better engage in their health care.
Quantum equivalence of O(3) nonlinear sigma model and the CP1 model: A gauge-independent Hamiltonian approach.

We use Dirac's constrained analysis to quantize the O(3) nonlinear [sigma] model and the CP[sup 1] model without using gauge constraints. The equivalence of the models (at the quantum level) is established provided the identification [ital n][sup [ital a]]=[ital Z][sup *][sigma][sup [ital a]Z], [pi][sup [ital a]]=1/2([pi][sigma][sup [ital a]Z]+[ital Z][sup *][sigma][sup [ital a]][pi][sup *]) ([sigma][sup [ital a]]=Pauli matrices) is used to relate the canonical variables. While the first relation has been discussed in the literature, the second relation connecting the canonical momenta is a new observation. It plays a significant role in displaying the above stated equivalence.
S 100 C / A 11 is a key mediator of Ca 2-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes

1 Department of Cell Biology, 2 Department of Bacteriology, and 3 Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan 4 Department of Medical Engineering, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama 701-0192, Japan 5 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama 700-8530, Japan 6 Niimi College, Niimi 718-8585, Japan