Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors determining recurrence in early-stage endometrial cancer.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the clinically important prognostic factors for loco-regional or distant recurrence in early-stage endometrial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the local ethics committee approved the study. Cases who underwent primary surgery of early-stage endometrial cancer at the Institution from 2000 to 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who did not detect recurrence were classified as group 1 (n = 200); those who detected recurrence were classified as group 2 (n = 23). Clinically prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate analyses. RESULTS The average age for group 2 (LUSI) was 63.8 years (p = 0.0001). Patients with grade 3 histology were all detected within group 2 (p = 0.0001). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma displaying squamous differentiation was found with a rate of 58.3% in group 2 (p = 0.0001). Lower uterine segment involvement (LUSI) and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) rates were 86.9% in group 2 (p = 0.0001). The rate of tumor size > 2 cm was 56.6% in group 2 (p = 0.0001). The median depth of myometrial invasion (DMI) was 5.1 mm (p = 0.034) and the average in myometrial thickness was 14.5 mm in group II (p = 0.0001). The percentage of myometrial invasion was 35.8% in Group II (p = 0.0001). Tumor free-distance was 9.4 mm in group II (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION Age and clinicopathological parameters of the tumours are significant predictors for recurrence in early-stage endometrial cancer.
Circadian rhythm in Alzheimer disease after trazodone use

A circadian rhythm is a cycle of approximately 24 h, responsible for many physiological adjustments, and ageing of the circadian clock contributes to cognitive decline. Rhythmicity is severely impaired in Alzheimer disease (AD) and few therapeutic attempts succeeded in improving sleep disorders in such context. This study evaluated sleep parameters by actigraphy in 30 AD patients before and after trazodone use for 2 weeks, and we show a significant improvement in relative rhythm amplitude (RRA), compatible with a more stable daytime behavioral pattern. So, trazodone appears to produce a stabilization of the circadian rhythms in individuals with AD.
The hegemony of growth: the OECD and the making of the economic growth paradigm

minor oversight. As one could expect for a book of this nature, the paper is from Forest Stewardship Council certified sources and the pages have a very nice feel in the reader’s hands. Someotherminor shortcomings of the book are also notable. For a book in its secondprinting, there were a half dozen or so very obvious typographical errors. The chapter on “energy descent” quickly strayed from its topic. An index would have been useful, but is not essential as the book is relatively short and concise. The lack of index is also offset as topic cross references are noted by the use of bold face terms throughout the heart of the book in the chapters on permaculture strategies. This, more than an index, reflects the truly integrated nature of the permaculture paradigm. There is a heavy focus in the book on examples from indigenous cultures and developing countries outside of European and American contexts; while this is a positive counterbalance to other permaculture works that overwhelmingly focus on the Global North, the relative dearth of European and American examples may give the uninformed reader the false impression that permaculture work is not widespread in these contexts. Finally and as stated above, the final two chapters bring the book to a weaker end than could have been possible. Again, these shortcomings are all relatively minor. In the introduction toour bookonbioregionalism, permaculture, and ecovillages,mycolleague James R. Veteto and I call for increasing collaboration among environmentally oriented scholars and the practitioners of thesemovements around theworld in order tomove beyond critique and “put forward work that is solution-focused rather than problem-oriented” (Lockyer and Veteto 2013, p. 2). Overall this book makes a valuable contribution to this trajectory. It is a combined description of global permaculture movements, documentationof nascent research on the impacts of permaculture projects, andmanifesto calling for greater collaboration among permaculture practitioners, scholars, and policy-makers in the urgent context of climate change and the Anthropocene. Despite this urgency, the authors manage to present an optimistic perspective, one that reflects the promise of permaculture for healing both people and planet and the potential for academic researchers to collaborate with permaculture practitioners to develop just and sustainable solutions to anthropogenic climate change and associated socio-environmental problems. This book is highly recommended reading for those interested in these topics, but it is only a starting point for the work to be done rather than a culmination of it.
Chest X-ray: an unfair screening tool.

BACKGROUND Chest radiography is considered as the sole screening tool for chest pathologies as prerequisite for overseas employment during their medical examinations. The aim was to evaluate the role of CXR as a screening tool in the diagnosis of different lung pathologies in general and TB in particular. METHODS In this descriptive case series, reports of 63,648 Pakistani candidates, who took chest X-rays during medical screening for employment abroad under the rules of Gulf Coordination Council (GCC), were analysed. The reports were collected over a three year period (2008-2011). All the candidates were apparently healthy males of ages ranging between 18-50 years with average age of 27.4 years. RESULTS Out of 63,648 candidates examined over a three year period, 1368 (2.15%) were declared unfit on the basis of CXR. There were 359 cases of calcified granulomas, 318 of costophrenic angle obliteration, 174 of apical scaring; 144 of pulmonary scars, 123 of fibrocalcific lesion, 82 of soft shadows in lung, 51 of nodular lung shadows, 42 of lymphadenopathy, 30 of pleural effusion, 26 of interstitial lung shadow and 19 of calcification. A closer scrutiny of these cases revealed that over 90% of the CXRs of the candidates declared as having lung pathologies displayed scars rather than active disease. CONCLUSION A normal CXR by itself, neither categorically rules out problems in the chest nor does any finding in it confirm some disease. Unfitness on the basis of CXR alone, unless substantiated by further investigation, is questionable to say the least.
Multiple genes in the 15q13-q14 chromosomal region are associated with schizophrenia

Objective The chromosomal region, 15q13-q14, including the &agr;7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene, CHRNA7, is a replicated region for schizophrenia. This study fine-mapped genes at 15q13-q14 to determine whether the association is unique to CHRNA7. Methods Family-based and case–control association studies were performed on Caucasian-non-Hispanic and African-American individuals from 120 families as well as 468 individual patients with schizophrenia and 144 well-characterized controls. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were genotyped, and association analyses carried out for the outcomes of schizophrenia, smoking, and smoking in schizophrenia. Results Three genes were associated with schizophrenia in both ethnic populations: TRPM1, KLF13, and RYR3. Two SNPs in CHRNA7 were associated with schizophrenia in African-Americans, and a second SNP in CHRNA7 was significant for an association with smoking and smoking in schizophrenia in Caucasians. Conclusion Results of these studies support association of the 15q13-q14 region with schizophrenia. The broad positive association suggests that more than one 15q gene may be contributing to the disorder, either in combination or through a regulatory mechanism.
Pulmonary , gastrointestinal and urogenital pharmacology Novel mixed NOP / MOP agonist BU 08070 alleviates pain and inhibits gastrointestinal motility in mouse models mimicking diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome symptoms

The opioid and nociceptin systems play a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of BU08070, a novel mixed MOP/NOP agonist, on mouse intestinal contractility in vitro and GI motility in vivo in physiological conditions and in animal models mimicking symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), including diarrhea and abdominal pain. The effect of BU08070 on muscle contractility in vitro was characterized in the ileum and colon. To assess the effect of BU08070 in vivo, the following parameters were assessed: whole GI transit, gastric emptying, geometric center, colonic bead expulsion, fecal pellet output and time to castor oil-induced diarrhea. The antinociceptive activity of BU08070 was characterized in the mustard oil (MO)-induced abdominal pain model and the writhing test, alone and in the presence of MOP and NOP antagonists. in vitro, BU08070 (10 –10 6 M) inhibited colonic and ileal smooth muscle contractions in a concentration-dependent manner. in vivo, BU08070 prolonged the whole GI transit and inhibited colonic bead expulsion. The antitransit and antidiarrheal effects of BU08070 were observed already at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg (i.p.). BU08070 reversed hypermotility and reduced pain in mouse models mimicking IBS-D symptoms. Our results suggest that BU08070 has a potential of becoming an efficient drug in IBS-D therapy. Here we also validate mixed NOP/MOP receptor targeting as possible future treatment of functional GI diseases. & 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In vitro activity of new azoles luliconazole and lanoconazole compared with ten other antifungal drugs against clinical dermatophyte isolates.

In vitro susceptibilities of 100 clinical dermatophyte isolates belonging to five species from Iran toward lanoconazole and luliconazole were compared with ten other antifungal agents including econazole, itraconazole, miconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin, butenafine, terbinafine, caspofungin, anidulafungin and tolnaftate. MIC and MEC values were analyzed according to CLSI M38-A2 document. The isolates were previously identified to the species level using PCR-RFLP on ITS rDNA region. The range of luliconazole and lanoconazole minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) was 0.016-0.032 and 0.063-1 μg/ml, respectively for dermatophyte species. Luliconazole and lanoconazole revealed potent activity against all dermatophyte isolates. Anidulafungin, caspofungin, and luliconazole showed the best activity with the lowest geometric mean 0.01, 0.016, and 0.018 μg/ml, respectively, followed by tolnaftate (0.06 μg/ml), terbinafine (0.07 μg/ml), itraconazole (0.183 μg/ml), butenafine (0.188 μg/ml), econazole (0.20 μg/ml), lanoconazole (0.24 μg/ml), griseofulvin (1.28 μg/ml), miconazole (2.34 μg/ml) and fluconazole (15.34 μg/ml). The current study demonstrated luliconazole and lanoconazole displayed excellent activity against all dermatophyte isolates, although the majority of dermatophyte isolates showed low susceptibility to griseofulvin and very low to miconazole, and fluconazole.
Impaired cardiovagal and vasomotor responses to baroreceptor stimulation in type II diabetes mellitus

Background In diabetic patients, impairment of the cardiovagal limb of the baroreflex has been well established. However, the role of sympathetic mediated baroreflex vasomotor control of the blood vessels is not well defined. We therefore assessed the vasomotor responses to sinusoidal baroreceptor stimulation in diabetic patients.
Measuring the workload of community nurses in Ireland: a review of workload measurement systems.

BACKGROUND The primary community nursing service in Ireland is public health nursing and this unique healthcare role incorporates activities and responsibilities undertaken by a variety of health professionals in other countries. Capturing and comparing a measure of the work of any community nurse is complicated due to the difficulty in standardizing the nature of community nursing across care settings. AIM The aim of this paper was to review the varied approaches to measuring the workload/caseload of community nurses to evaluate how they may be applied to measure the workload of the public health nurse in the Irish Republic. CONCLUSION Many of the systems designed to measure nursing workload are reliant on measuring tasks and fail to capture the less tangible but core aspects of the public health nursing role like decision-making, assessment and case management. IMPLICATIONS There is a need to develop a workload measurement system for use by public health nurses in Ireland that is capable of measuring the uniqueness of the role.
Corporate governance and the level of Bahraini corporate compliance with IFRS disclosure

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between corporate governance (CG) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) disclosure one year before the issuance of the first Corporate Governance Code (CGC) in Bahrain. Design/methodology/approach - The CG is measured by board composition, audit committee characteristics, and ownership structure. Ordinary least-squares regressions are used to examine the relationships between the level of Bahraini corporate compliance with mandatory IFRS disclosure requirements as dependent variable and eight CG mechanisms as independent variables and five other firm-specific attributes, as control variables. Findings - The results show that three of the CG mechanisms (i.e. board independence, audit committee independence, and Chief Executive Officer duality) are associated with the level of IFRS disclosure. This suggests that CG mechanisms are effective in the financial reporting practices. However, the results show that the other five CG mechanisms (i.e. board size, audit committee size, blockholder ownership, managerial ownership, and government ownership) are not associated with the level of IFRS disclosure. This result may prove the importance of the CGC as an effective enforcement mechanism to enforce Bahraini companies to fully comply with IFRS disclosure. Research limitations/implications - Although the study can contribute to the understanding of the relationship between CG and IFRS in Bahrain, it may not be able to be generalized to other countries. Such relationships could be different from country to country due to business and legal environments. Therefore, there is a need to investigate these relationships among different countries. This study examines the relation between CG and the level of compliance with IFRS disclosure one year before the issuance of the first CGC in Bahrain. Future research might attempt to examine the relation one year after the issuance of the first CGC in Bahrain to confirm the importance of the CGCs as an effective enforcement mechanism. Practical implications - The findings of this study are of great concern to all users of annual reports and of particular interest to accounting regulators to improve the level of supervision and the standard of reporting in Bahrain. Also, it is of great concern to professional accounting bodies, policy makers, and governments in emerging markets in countries that share similar economic, political, and cultural environments. Originality/value - This paper’s contribution to the literature is twofold: it examines the relation between three groups of CG mechanisms (i.e. board characteristics, audit committee characteristics and ownership structure) and the level of corporate compliance with IFRS disclosure; it examines the relation one year before implementing the first CGC in Bahrain and provides new evidence on the importance and effectiveness of the CGCs.
The Impact of Customer Trust and Perception of Security Control on the Acceptance of Electronic Commerce

The number of Internet users has increased dramatically,but many are reluctant to provide sensitive personal information to Web sites because they do not trust e-commerce security.This paper investigates the impact of customer perceptions of security control on e-commerce acceptance. Trust is examined as the mediating factor of the relationship, using Internet banking as the research domain because bank customers are generally concerned about processing sensitive information like financial information. A Web survey of Internet banking users collected 502 cases. Statistical analyses, using structural equation modeling, indicated that perceptions of nonrepudiation, privacy protection, and data integrity have a significant impact on trust in e-commerce. Trust also has a significant impact on e-commerce acceptance. Implications and further research directions are presented.
Functional MRI Evidence of Cortical Reorganization in Upper-Limb Stroke Hemiplegia Treated with Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy

Levy CE, Nichols DS, Schmalbrock PM, Keller P, Chakeres DW: Functional MRI evidence of cortical reorganization in upper-limb stroke hemiparesis treated with constraint-induced movement therapy. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2001;80:4–12. Objective The purpose of this pilot study was to test constraint-induced movement therapy for chronic upper-limb stroke hemiparesis and to investigate the neural correlates of recovery with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in two subjects. Both subjects had been discharged from traditional therapy because no further improvement was anticipated. Design Constraint-induced movement therapy consisted of 6 hr of daily upper-limb training for 2 wk; a restrictive mitt was worn on the nonparetic limb during waking hours. Functional MRI was performed on a 1.5-T MRI with echo-planar imaging; at the same time, the subjects attempted sequential finger-tapping. Results Compared with baseline, performance time improved an average of 24% immediately after training and also continued to improve up to 33% 3 mo after training. Lift, grip strength, and Motor Activity Log scores likewise improved. Initially, on functional MRI, subject 1 activated scattered regions in the ipsilateral posterior parietal and occipital cortices. Subject 2 showed almost no areas of significant activation. After training, subject 1 showed activity bordering the lesion, bilateral activation in the association motor cortices, and ipsilateral activation in the primary motor cortex. Subject 2 showed activation near the lesion site. Conclusion Constraint-induced movement therapy produced significant functional improvement and resulted in plasticity as demonstrated by functional MRI.
Prevalence of GB virus type C/hepatitis G virus RNA and of anti‐E2 in individuals at high or low risk for blood‐borne or sexually transmitted viruses: evidence of sexual and parenteral transmission

BACKGROUND: The first epidemiologic evidence of GB virus type C (GBV‐C)/hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection showed a high prevalence of asymptomatic carriers in blood donors and in populations at risk for blood‐borne viruses. However, by using only viral RNA polymerase chain reaction, those studies underestimated the true spread of GBV‐C/HGV infection. The combined detection of GBV‐C/HGV RNA and of anti‐E2 (which reflects recovery from infection) is necessary to define accurately the prevalence of GBV‐C/HGV.
Plaque Accumulation Beneath Maxillary All-on-4™ Implant-Supported Prostheses.

BACKGROUND Maxillary prostheses supported by four implants, following the All-on-4(™) principles, have become an accepted effective treatment for totally edentulous patients. Maintaining the hygiene of such fixed implant-supported prostheses is challenging. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the distribution of plaque on the fitting surface of All-on-4 fixed prostheses in order to find new strategies for maintaining their hygiene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty All-on-4 maxillary fixed prostheses collected from 20 patients, 6 months after delivery, were stained with methylene blue to disclose plaque accumulation at the fitting surfaces of the prostheses. Digital photographs of the fitting surfaces of the prostheses were recorded and processed. The distribution of accumulated plaque was evaluated statistically. RESULTS The average percentage of area covered with plaque was 28 ± 8% of the total area of the fitting surface of the prostheses. The fitting surfaces of the prostheses had three times more plaque on the palatal area (52.5 ± 7.33%) than on the buccal area (17.3 ± 7.33%, p < .05). The interimplant proximal areas of the fitting surface covered with plaque were high when the distance between implants was short (r = -0.326, p = .014). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the hygiene of the All-on-4 prostheses could be improved by maximizing the distances between the inserted implants in the jaw, minimizing the prostheses' palatal extension and guiding patients to optimize their oral hygiene practices targeting the palatal area of their prostheses.
The Disability Burden of COPD

Abstract Affecting an estimated 12.6 million people and causing over 100,000 deaths per year, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacts a heavy burden on American society. Despite knowledge of the impact of COPD on morbidity, mortality, and health care costs, little is known about the association of the disease with economic outcomes such as employment and the collection of disability. We quantify the impact of COPD on Americans aged 51 and older—in particular, their employment prospects and their likelihood of collecting federal disability benefits—by conducting longitudinal regression analysis using the Health and Retirement Study. Controlling for initial health status and a variety of sociodemographic factors, we find that COPD is associated with a decrease in the likelihood of employment of 8.6 percentage points (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.50–0.67), from 44% to 35%. This association rivals that of stroke and is larger than those of heart disease, cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. Furthermore, COPD is associated with a 3.9 percentage point (OR 2.52, 95% CI 2.00–3.17) increase in the likelihood of collecting Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), from 3.2% to 7.1%, as well as a 1.7 percentage point (OR 2.87, 95% CI 2.02–4.08) increase in the likelihood of collecting Supplemental Security Income (SSI), from 1.0% to 2.7%. The associations of COPD with SSDI and SSI are the largest of any of the conditions studied. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that COPD imposes a substantial burden on American society by inhibiting employment and creating disability.
Using Facebook and LinkedIn to Recruit Nurses for an Online Survey

Social media is an emerging tool used by researchers; however, limited information is available on its use for participant recruitment specifically. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of Facebook and LinkedIn social media sites in the recruitment of nurses for an online survey, using a 5-week modified online Dillman approach. Within 3 weeks, we exceeded our target sample size (n = 170) and within 5 weeks recruited 267 English-speaking nurses (n = 172, Facebook; n = 95, LinkedIn). Advantages included speed of recruitment, cost-efficiency, snowballing effects, and accessibility of the researcher to potential participants. However, an analysis of the recruited participants revealed significant differences when comparing the sociodemographics of participants recruited through Facebook and LinkedIn, specifically relating to the characteristics of sex, age, and level of education. Differences between Facebook and LinkedIn as recruitment platforms should be considered when incorporating these strategies.