Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À NÃO REALIZAÇÃO DO TESTE DE PAPANICOLAOU NA POPULAÇÃO DE BELO HORIZONTE, MINAS GERAIS, 2008 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-PERFORMANCE OF PAPANICOLAOU TEST IN BELO HORIZONTE FACTORES ASOCIADOS A LA NO REALIZACIÓN DEL PAPANICOLAOU EN BELO HORIZONTE

This study aimed to estimate factors associated with the non-performance of the Papanicolaou test in women of 18 to 65 years of age in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2008. This work was a cross-sectional population based study, collecting data through questions asked in telephone interviews to monitor the frequency and distribution of risk and protective factors for non-communicable chronic diseases, entitled VIGITEL 2008. The collected data analyzed 1,214 women. Poisson Regression was used to verify the association between the non-performance of the Papanicolaou test and the independent variables. The frequency with which the Papanicolaou test was performed among the women of this study was of 76.43% (95% CI: 69.56 – 83.30). Being a teenager, low level of education; not living with a partner; not having performed a mammogram; referring to one’s health condition as bad; and not having a medical diagnosis of hypertension showed independent associations with the non-performance of the Papanicolaou test. The prevalence of the examination in Belo Horizonte was satisfactory; however, it proved insufficient to impact the epidemiological profile of uterine cancer. Actions are necessary to strengthen health promotion regarding a greater adherence of women to Papanicolaou screening.
Mutual Successive Interference Cancellation Strategies in NOMA for Enhancing the Spectral Efficiency of CoMP Systems

The densification of mobile networks should enable the fifth generation (5G) mobile networks to cope with the ever increasing demand for higher rate traffic, reduced latency, and improved reliability. The large scale deployment of small cells and distributed antenna systems in heterogeneous environments will require more elaborate interference mitigating techniques to increase spectral efficiency and to help unlock the expected performance leaps from the new network topologies. Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) is the most advanced framework for interference management enabling the cooperation between base stations to mitigate inter-cell interference and boost cell-edge user performance. In this paper, we study the combination of CoMP with mutual SIC, an interference cancellation technique based on power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) that enables multiplexed users to simultaneously cancel their corresponding interfering signals. A highly efficient inter-cell interference cancellation scheme is then devised, that can encompass several deployment configurations and coordination techniques. The obtained results prove the superiority of this approach compared to conventional NOMA-CoMP systems.
Factors influencing the utilization of paediatric anti retroviral therapy services, a case of Embu District, Kenya

Children’s health, particularly in the early years, forms the basis of future health and development. Paediatric ART utilization and adherence is complex and current levels are often suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to establish the factors influencing the utilization of paediatric anti retroviral therapy services in Embu districts. The objectives of the study were to establish the extent to which the caregivers’ individual or personal factors, societal factors and health care delivery systems influenced the utilization of pediatric ART services in Embu districts. This cross sectional study was carried out in Embu PGH, Kibuga HC, Nembure HC, Kangaru Dispensary, Karau HC, Itabua Dispensary, Kithimu HC, Kairuri HC, Runyenjes DH and Kianjakoma SDH. It employed a mixed mode approach which involved combining qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The study used three methods to collect primary data; focused group discussion (FGD), a survey using a questionnaire and in depth interviews (IDIs). Descriptive statistics was obtained including frequencies and percentages distribution by use of using SPSS version 18 software. Qualitative data was generally analyzed through a process of content analysis for themes. The findings were that transport cost and user fee for other medical services, use of herbal medicine, and stigma, lack of appropriate paediatric formulations, poor packaging and frequent stock outs influenced paediatric ART utilization. Many of these influences complicate measurement of pediatric ART utilization since there is no gold standard. It was concluded that the prevalence of utilization (74%), was sub-optimal (less than 95%) but comparable to those in other developing countries. Based on these findings, to enhance paediatric ART utilization the study recommends to the government and other stakeholders to develop strategies to ensure food security in households with children living with HIV and AIDS, Intensify health education campaigns against stigma and promote family and community support for children living with HIV and AIDS and ensure that all public health facilities have a adequate personnel and stock of paediatric ARV drugs.
Construction of crisis precursors in multiplex networks

Based on the network paradigm of complexity in the work, a systematic analysis of the dynamics of the largest stock markets in the world has been carried out. According to the algorithms of the visibility graph and recurrence plot, the daily values of stock indices are converted into a multiplex networks, the spectral and topological properties of which are sensitive to the critical and crisis phenomena of the studied complex systems. It is shown that some of the spectral and topological characteristics can serve as measures of the complexity of the stock market, and their specific behaviour in the pre-crisis period is used as indicators-precursors of crisis phenomena. Keywords—stock markets, graph theory, complex networks.
The Optimization Problem of Quantum Discord and Quantumness in Quantum Information Theory

Abstract In a pair of correlated quantum systems, a measurement in one corresponds to a change in the state of the other. In the process, information is lost. Measurement along which set of projectors would accompany minimum loss in information content is the optimization problem of quantum discord. This optimization problem needs to be addressed in any computation of quantum discord and is also an important aspect of our understanding of any classical to quantum transition. The zero discord condition is a useful tool to explore this but it is also asymmetric in the way that it allows for conditional measurements in the complimentary Hilbert space. The problem of seeing how the measurement of a certain observable changes the distribution of the another requires another projector to be introduced which removes the freedom of conditional measurements. In such a context one could show that quantum discord minimizes at the diagonal basis of the reduced density matrices. We present a mathematical proof for the above statement and produce an analytical expression for quantum discord for a general m x n density matrix.
Palliation of malignant dysphagia with self expandable esophageal stents

ÖZ Amaç: Bu makalede malign disfajili hastalardan oluşan ardışık bir seride, kendiliğinden genişleyebilen metalik ve plastik stentlerle ilgili deneyimlerimiz sunuldu. Ça­lış­ma­ pla­nı:­ Mayıs 2009 Ağustos 2012 tarihleri arasında Erzurum Bölge Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Göğüs Cerrahisi Kliniği’nde malign özofageal darlığı olan ve özofageal stent takılan 43 hasta (29 erkek, 14 kadın; ort. yaş 65.4 yıl; dağılım 39-87 yıl) çalışmaya alındı. Orta ve alt özofagusta darlığı olan 38 hastaya kendiliğinden genişleyebilen metalik stent (SEMS), fistülü olan veya darlığı üst özofagusta olan beş hastaya kendiliğinden genişleyebilen plastik stent (SEPS) takıldı. Ortalama takip süresi dokuz aydı (1-39 ay). Dört hasta sağ ve halen takip edilmektedir. Bul gu lar: Kırk üç hastaya toplam 54 adet stent yerleştirildi. Otuz sekiz hastada 49 adet kaplı SEMS ve beş hastada beş adet kaplı SEPS uygulandı. Orta ve alt özofageal darlığı olan sekiz hastada iki kaplı SEMS ve özofageal darlığı olan bir hastada dört kaplı SEMS gereksinimi oldu. Bir hasta kardiyak aritmi nedeniyle ameliyatın ikinci gününde kaybedildi. Bir diğer hastada SEMS implantasyonu sonrasında trakeoözofageal fistül gelişti. Tüm hastaların oral gıda alımı düzeldi. So­nuç:­ Kendiliğinden genişleyebilen özofageal stentler, malign disfajili hastalarda etkili bir palyasyon yöntemidir. Anah­tar­söz­cük­ler: Özofageal darlık; stent; trakeoözefageal fistül. ABSTRACT Background:­ In this article, we report our experience with a self-expandable metalic and plastic stent in a consecutive series of patients with malignant dysphagia. Methods: Between May 2009 and August 2012, 43 patients (29 males, 14 females; mean age 65.4 years; range 39 to 87 years) with malignant esophageal stenoses, who underwent esophageal stent implementation in Thoracic Surgery Department of Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. The self expandable metalic stents (SEMS) was chosen in 38 patients with stenotic lesion which located middle and lower esophagus, and the self expandable plastic stents (SEPS) was chosen in five patient with fistula or upper esophageal localization. The mean follow-up was nine months (1 to 39 months). Four patients are live and has been under follow-up. Results:­A total of 54 stents were placed in 43 patients. Fortynine covered SEMSs were placed in 38 patients and five covered SEPSs were placed in five patients. Eight of the patients with middle and lower esophageal stenosis needed two covered SEMS and one with middle esophageal stenosis needed four covered SEMS. One patient died because of cardiac arrhythmia on the postoperative second day. A tracheoesophageal fistula developed four months after the SEMS implantation in another. All patients improved in oral food intake. Conclusion:­Self expandable esophageal stents are effective palliation methods in patients with malignant dysphagia.
RECURRENT CUTANEOUS ACTINOMYCOSIS

Atinomycosis can affect any organ in the body and cutaneous variety is very uncommon. Clinical findings of painless subcutaneous nodules and discharging sinuses usually leads to diagnosis. We report a case of recurrent cutaneous actinomycosis which was treated by surgical excision and combination antimicrobial therapy including dapsone.
Investigating the Impact of Development Task on External Quality in Test-Driven Development: An Industry Experiment

Reviews on test-driven development (TDD) studies suggest that the conflicting results reported in the literature are due to unobserved factors, such as the tasks used in the experiments, and highlight that there are very few industry experiments conducted with professionals. The goal of this study is to investigate the impact of a new factor, the chosen <italic>task</italic>, and the <italic>development approach</italic> on external quality in an industrial experimental setting with 17 professionals. The participants are junior to senior developers in programming with Java, beginner to novice in unit testing, JUnit, and they have no prior experience in TDD. The experimental design is a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 2$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tosunmisirli-ieq1-2949811.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> cross-over, i.e., we use two tasks for each of the two approaches, namely TDD and incremental test-last development (ITLD). Our results reveal that both <italic>development approach</italic> and <italic>task</italic> are significant factors with regards to the external quality achieved by the participants. More specifically, the participants produce higher quality code during ITLD in which splitting user stories into subtasks, coding, and testing activities are followed, compared to TDD. The results also indicate that the participants produce higher quality code during the implementation of Bowling Score Keeper, compared to that of Mars Rover API, although they perceived both tasks as of similar complexity. An interaction between the <italic>development approach</italic> and <italic>task</italic> could not be observed in this experiment. We conclude that variables that have not been explored so often, such as the extent to which the task is specified in terms of smaller subtasks, and developers’ unit testing experience might be critical factors in TDD experiments. The real-world appliance of TDD and its implications on external quality still remain to be challenging unless these uncontrolled and unconsidered factors are further investigated by researchers in both academic and industrial settings.
An investigation into the effectiveness of ICT in learning for a class of adult female students case study approach.

This paper presents a review and investigation into the effectiveness of ICT on learning. Research was conducted on an all female class of community care students in an adult education centre. In addition the effects, if any, of age or gender on the use of ICT were addressed. Based on the theories of Bandura and Vygotsky the research was carried out in a socio-constructive learning environment. Effectiveness of ICT in learning was examined with respect to achievement, satisfaction, self-efficacy and collaboration. A comparison between learning through the use of ICT only, traditional learning only, and a blend of traditional learning combined with ICT learning was conducted. Empirical evidence revealed that students achieve higher test scores and higher improvement through a blend of ICT and traditional learning. All students experienced satisfaction using basic ICT to learn other curriculum subjects. However students who had no previous ICT experience felt apprehensive about using ICT and exhibited lower satisfaction levels than students with previous ICT experience. Eighty nine percent of students experienced a measureable increase in self-efficacy while using ICT to learn regardless of previous ICT experience. ICT was conducive to collaborative learning when learning other topics. In contrast word processing reduced collaboration. Students perceived age, career and personal interest to have an effect on the digital divide. They did not, however, consider gender to be a major factor contributing to the digital divide.
On optimization of ad-blocking lists for mobile devices

Online advertisements and third-party web tracking has gained much attention in recent years. Advertisers gather as much data and information about the users to provide targeted advertisement. Though this leads to a better user experience, it comes at the cost of privacy intrusive tracking. To this end, ad-blocking lists (or filter-lists, blacklists) have been introduced which prevent third-party tracking. Ad-blocking lists operate in a crowd-sourced manner, where new tracking domains (or rules) are continuously added by privacy activists and the redundant domains are discarded from the filter-list. Over time, the number of rules added outgrow the number of rules omitted, making it hard to manage the filter-lists. We empirically observe that the filter-lists mostly detect different ad and tracking domains. The filter-lists also use less than 1% of their rules on Alexa top 5,000 websites. This suggests the need to curate optimized filter-lists that provide high coverage and require less time to scan for a given domain on mobile devices. We develop an aggregated and filtered blacklist that is more than 150 times less bulky, and provides the same coverage as the union of the blacklists on Alexa top 5,000 websites. We also develop an update mechanism to incorporate new ad and tracking domains in the aggregated and filtered blacklist in a resource efficient manner.
The Joint Exploration Model (JEM) for Video Compression With Capability Beyond HEVC

This paper provides an overview of the coding algorithms of the Joint Exploration Model (JEM) for video compression with capability beyond HEVC, which was developed by the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). The goal of the JEM development and experimentation was to provide evidence that sufficient coding efficiency improvement over the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard can be achieved, which would justify the need for a new video coding standard with a compression capability significantly exceeding that of HEVC. The development of the JEM provided an ability to conduct studies toward that goal in a verifiable and collaborative manner and led to the launching of the project to develop the new Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard. Objective metric gains exceeding 30% were measured for most of the tested high-resolution video content that represents current demanding new applications, and subjective testing using human observers showed even more benefit.
Multi-User Offloading Game Strategy in OFDMA Mobile Cloud Computing System

Offloading technique is an effective approach to migrate tasks from mobile devices to cloud to prolong the battery life. However, it cannot be guaranteed that all devices can successfully offload their tasks to cloud due to the limited network resources, thus offloading decisions should be made to coordinate devices. The existing works focus on how to maximize energy saving for a group of devices instead of the number of mobile devices that benefits from offloading. Therefore, how to maximize the number of energy-saving devices in the multi-user offloading scenario remains a challenging issue to be solved. In this paper, we aim to obtain a beneficial offloading group where all device can offloading tasks simultaneously to achieve energy saving and the number of beneficial offloading devices maximum for the group. In order to get such a group where each device can achieve its own benefit, firstly, we adopt game theory to model each device's demand of saving energy by offloading in OFDMA communication system, and formulate multi-user offloading game problem (MUOG). Furthermore, we propose an offloading game mechanism (OGM), including: beneficial offloading threshold (BOT) algorithm and beneficial offloading group (BOG) algorithm. BOT algorithm can obtain the threshold of each device, i.e., the maximum number of mobile devices that the device can tolerate to offload tasks simultaneously while BOG algorithm can obtain a group of beneficial offloading devices. It can be proved that OGM strategy can achieve the Nash equilibrium of MUOG problem so as to obtain the maximum number of beneficial offloading devices. Experimental comparisons verify the number of beneficial offloading users and the overhead of the mechanism among different strategies. The results show that OGM can benefit more devices by offloading to save energy without high overhead compared with other offloading strategies.
SoProtector: Safeguard Privacy for Native SO Files in Evolving Mobile IoT Applications

Android Apps have become the most important mobile applications in the evolving mobile IoT systems, whose security and privacy are confronted with ever more challenges, since such mobile devices as smartphones involve too much personal privacy information. Meanwhile, the developers prefer to put core functions (e.g., encryption function and T9 search function) of Android applications in the native layer for execution efficiency. However, there are no automated security analysis tools to protect the security and privacy of the Android native layer, especially for those dynamically loaded third-party SO libraries. In order to solve the previous problem, which is confusing, we propose a novel and scalable system, called SoProtector, to prevent privacy from leaking via the analysis of data flow between the Java and native layers. For detection of the malicious function implanted in the SO libraries, SoProtector realizes a real-time engine. We derive the malware features via three steps: 1) present binary files in native family as a grayscale image; 2) with use of the ARM instructions set reversely obtain the code of the SO file and using Python to obtain the opcode sequence; and 3) each file is transformed as the form of assembly language by IDA Pro, which includes a gdl file as an accompaniment. Our experiment, which involved 3400 applications, demonstrates that SoProtector is able to detect more sinks, sources, and smudges. It effectively inspects and blocks at least 82% of the applications that are loading malicious third-party SO dynamically, and it has relatively low overhead in the meantime, compared to most of the existing static analysis tools (e.g., FlowDroid and AndroidLeaks).
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF PAIN ® Pain Clinical Updates

prevalence, understanding of its pathophysiology and its relation to other pain syndromes in women is still limited. Dysmenorrhea has been historically categorized into two distinct types: primary and secondary. Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain without pelvic pathology, with onset typically just after menarche. Pain in primary dysmenorrhea occurs during menses and lasts 2–3 days. Secondary dysmenorrhea describes menstrual pain when underlying pathology is identified (such as uterine or ovarian lesions); its onset may be years after menarche. Pain may start 1–2 weeks before menses and persist beyond, lasting several days. On the other hand, population-based studies in Italy have not found an association between the presence of leiomyoma (benign tumors) and higher rates of dysmenorrhea. Although the distinction between primary and secondary dysmenorrhea may be useful in terms of treatment approach, there seems little difference in pain experience or sensitivity between the two groups. Dysmenorrhea often presents in conjunction with related somatic complaints and with mood or behavioral changes. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has been used to refer to somatic complaints, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is used to characterize emotional disturbance prior to menses that hinders social function; both sets of symptoms overlap in typical sufferers. Notably, antidepressants are effective in treating many of the associated mood symptoms. For many women, the symptoms of dysmenorrhea have a significant impact on quality of life for at least a portion of each month. A Swedish study analyzing absenteeism due to dysmenorrhea in young women found that one-third to one-half missed school or work at least once, and 5–14% were absent more frequently. A community-based survey of women in the United Kingdom found dysmenorrhea to be closely related to chronic daily pain, with 80% of women with chronic pelvic pain reporting dysmenorrhea.