Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uncovering Transnational Hyperlink Patterns and Web-Mediated Contents: A New Approach Based on Cracking.com Domain

One unresolved issue in international telecommunications research is the examination of the international hyperlink network that includes the ubiquitous . com domain. Based on the assumption that decomposing or ‘‘cracking’’ . com leads to a more accurate description of the international hyperlink network, this research proposes a method for decomposing . com, applies the proposed procedure, and investigates the differences between two international hyperlink networks—one including . com data and the other excluding . com. The adjusted international hyperlink network showed substantial differences in the centrality of several countries that make extensive use of . com. For example, in contrast to the hyperlink network excluding . com, the network including . com showed a thirtyfold increase in the out-degree centrality of the U.S. and a change in the country’s eigenvector centrality that was greater than that of any other country. In addition, the centrality of China, Japan, and India increased. By contrast, the centrality of countries that do not rely heavily on . com, mainly E.U. members, decreased. The results obtained with the cracked . com data have several implications that are consistent with world-systems theory for the study of international telecommunications and globalization.
Diagnostic Efficacy of Serum Factor IV Collagen of Hepatic Fibrosis Regression in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients

Purpose: Chronic hepatitis B virus infection affects more than 3 million people worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of pretreatment factor IV collagen as predictor of post treatment virological response with hepatic fibrosis regression. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study has been conducted on 74 naieve patients with chronic HBV infection with variable degree of hepatic fibrosis (F2, F3, ≥F4), viral load, and variable degree of abnormality in laboratory parameters of liver functions. All patients treated with Entecavir 0.5 mg/day or 1 mg/day according to severity of hepatic condition for 1 year. Liver fibrosis assessed using fibroscan, factor IV collagen, (APRI) and (FIB-4) scores evaluation. Results: All included patients in our study achieve post treatment Virological response with undetectable HBV DNA PCR (<16 IU/ml). With significant post treatment reduction in mean fibroscan value 10.70 ± 5.80 (p < 0.001). There were also significant end treatment improvements in mean FIB score and APRI score 1.56 ± 1.02 (p < 0.0001) and 0.50 ± 0.28 (p < 0.0001) respectively. There is significant end treatment improvement of mean factor IV collagen. In our study 49 (66.22%) of included patients showed post treatment reduction in their level of hepatic fibrosis (Responder) opposite to 25 (33.78%) had no post treatment improvement in degree of hepatic fibrosis (Non-responder). Conclusion: Low pretreatment factor IV collagen is significantly correlated with virologial response and hepatic fibrosis regression post Entecavir therapy in patients with chronic HBV infection.
Prevalence and risk factors of bovine mastitis in Ambo town of West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of mastitis in dairy cows from November, 2012 to July, 2013 in Ambo town of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State. Thorough clinical examination was made on all lactating cows for evidence of signs of clinical mastitis followed by collection of milk sample for examination of gross changes of milk secretion and screening using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Mastitis was categorized as clinical if lactating cows exhibited clinical features of mastitis, or subclinical based on degree of coagulation up on examination using CMT. A total of 151 dairy cows were selected from all volunteer dairy farms in Ambo town of West Shewa Zone of Oromia region state. Sixty three (41.7%) cows had mastitis, of which 9.9% (15/151) were clinical and 31.8% (48/151) were subclinical mastitis cases. The quarter level prevalence was 44.4% (268/604), comprising 9.3% (56/604) clinical and 31.8% (198/604) subclinical forms of mastitis. In addition, 5.5% (33/604) of teats were found to be blind up on clinical examination of udder and teat. The Chi-square (χ 2 ) analysis of intrinsic risk factors revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher prevalence of mastitis in crossbred cattle (47.2%) than indigenous (15.4%), in cattle above 7 years (75%) than less than 2-6 years of age (28%) and cows given more than 4 calves (81.3%) than those with less than 4 calves (31.1%) irrespective to their lactation stage. There was also significantly (P<0.05) higher mastitis prevalence in larger (46.6%) than smaller herds (24.2%) and among the farming systems in semi-intensive (47.1%) and intensive (42.3%) than extensive (8.1%) management system. The present study indicated higher prevalence of mastitis linked with several risk factors. Thus, early diagnosis and regular screening of cows for subclinical mastitis together with treatment of clinical cases are of paramount importance. Moreover, control and prevention strategies should be designed and implemented with great emphasis given to risk factors to reduce bovine mastitis and its impact on milk production and food security. Keywords : Ambo town, CMT, Dairy Cows, Mastitis, Prevalence, Risk factors
Effects of Fertilizer Application on Growth Capacity of Castor (Ricinus Communis) Shrub

Mathematics is a beautiful subject with logic applications. However, mathematics is not properly studied by a group of students. The objective of this paper is to share pedagogy experience teaching and learning mathematics using e-learning approach among BIT1 Degree students in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). The study was done from January to May 2012. Experimental method was used where pre-post tests onto two groups (control n1=20 and exsperimental n2=30) and this is followed by unstructured interview. Sample of 50 students were taken where ANCOVA was applied where pre-test marks was used as covariate. However, there was statistically significant difference between mean marks at post test group experimental from different groups (α= 0.044). The findings showed all participants from both groups failed to show drastic mastery solving pre-algebra problems eventhough they realized mathematics at the university needs higher skills.
Determinants Failure of Exclusive Breast Feeding on Health in the City Bengkulu

The first 1,000 days of life program is a program to improve the quality of children in the future which one of these programs is the provision of exclusive breastfeeding. The decline in infant mortality rates slowed between 2003 to 2012 from 35 to 32 per 1,000 live births, all babies need access to key interventions such as exclusive breastfeeding. The success of these programs are driven by health workers, but the researches that analyze information about exclusive breastfeeding program on health workers, especially in Bengkulu had never been examined. The research design used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) on health workers in Bengkulu in 2015 who have infants aged 6-24 months (66 people), which were determined by purposive sampling. The results showed that 69.7% of the mothers did not practice exclusive breastfeeding and 54.5% did not practice early initiation of breastfeeding. Analysis of early initiation of breastfeeding factor as the dominant factor for failure of exclusive breastfeeding. The qualitative analysis showed confidence and perception of little milk production are factor for unsuccessful early initiation of breastfeeding .
Patterns of Medicaid Expenditures in Utah and Nevada for Prescription Drugs by Urban Rural Frontier Location

Purpose: This research examines rural vs. urban differences in cost of prescription drugs for nervous system and other therapeutic categories among Medicaid enrollees in Utah and Nevada. Data and Methods: Using enrollee For the measure of urban-rural residence, county of residence was classified into three categories: urban, rural, and frontier, based on a county’s population density. To provide context to the study findings, discussions were held with several experts. Results: Expenditures per Medicaid enrollee were substantially higher in Utah than in Nevada. Expenditures were higher in urban areas, lower in rural areas, and lowest in frontier areas in Utah, but the opposite pattern was observed in Nevada. In both states, a large proportion of the Medicaid expenditures are for drugs directed at the nervous system--46% in Utah and 42% in Nevada. The study reveals sharp geographic differences in Medicaid spending for prescription drugs, particularly those related to nervous system.
Invigorating the Teaching Profession for the 21st Century Teacher in Zambia

This paper emanates from the long-drawn out years of teaching experience of the authors and an interrogation of literature on the topic under consideration. The paper is a mouth piece for transforming the teaching profession for better teachers and school administrators in Zambia. It further provides a progressive 21st century vision for the professional teacher by reflecting ideas and experiences of serving teachers and administrators in our classrooms and schools.
A Comparison of Structural Equation Modeling Approaches: The Case of User Acceptance of Information Systems

Structural equation modeling is becoming a more frequently used methodology to address certain research questions posed in information systems research. This paper illustrates the use of three different structural equation models to test the network of variables in an extended technology acceptance model. The techniques we use are path analysis, item level and parcel structure equation modeling. Beyond demonstrating the use of structural equation models, we compare the primary differences among the three approaches and provide guidance to help researchers select the most appropriate approach to use. While each of the three structural equation techniques produces similar structural results, they differ in the degree that they fit the data and the degree of explained variance (R2).
PLANTAS DE COCA EN COLOMBIA. DISCUSIÓN CRÍTICA SOBRE LA TAXONOMÍA DE LAS ESPECIES CULTIVADAS DEL GÉNERO ERYTHROXYLUM P. BROWNE (ERYTHROXYLACEAE)

La botánica forense tiene alta demanda en Colombia en relación con material procedente de cultivos ilícitos, principalmente de plantas de “coca”. Se realizó el estudio taxonómico de las dos especies y cuatro variedades de Erythroxylum P. Browne (Erythroxylaceae) cultivadas en el país. Se plantea la hipótesis de hibridación entre E. coca Lam. y E. novogranatense (Morris) Hieron. Y también entre las dos variedades de E. coca y se describen importantes cambios en la distribución de los taxones en el territorio nacional. Tanto la hibridación como los cambios en patrones de distribución se deben a la intervención antrópica.
A wavelet based invigoration check in fingerprint scanners

By virtue of using simple, inexpensive techniques it is possible to delude fingerprint scanners. An antidote against such fraudulent attacks is suggested in this paper. This work emphasizes on quantifying liveness for fingerprint scanners using wavelet energy analysis of fingerprint images. From the images captured at two time stamps the perspiration changes along the finger ridges are sensed and used as liveness measure. Multiresolution analysis and wavelet packet analysis is performed for low and high frequency data. Orthogonal Daubechies filters are designed to analyze the non-stationary information efficiently.Only those wavelet coefficient which experience an energy change of more than 40% are used for liveness after normalization. The proposed algorithm was applied to a data set of approximately 58 live, 50 spoof and 28 cadaver fingerprint images captured at 0 sec and 2 or 5 sec. The algorithm was tested for different underlying fingerprint sensing technologies including optical (secugen), optoelectrical (ethentica) and capacitive DC (precise biometrics). Classification results are presented for all the scanners and for both the time windows.
Games for Children

A fresh and enjoyable collection of games for children aged 4-11, including card games, board games, physical games, and co-operative and competitive games. The book gives helpful guidance for teachers on integrating games into the English syllabus, useful classroom language, classroom management, adapting traditional games, and on creating games with children.
Mapping serrated tussock and Scotch thistle in temperate pastures using Landsat TM imagery

The pasture weeds Scotch thistle and serrated tussock were successfully mapped by classification of multitemporal Landsat TM imagery. Discrimination was due to the physical size of the weeds, density of infestation and significant reflectance differences from other pasture vegetation. Mapping was limited to infestations of greater than 20% groundcover.
MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS MELALUI TEKNIK MOZAIK PADA ANAK KELOMPOK A DI TK ABA KHADIJAH BANGUNJIWO TIMUR KASIHAN BANTUL

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan motorik halus melalui teknik mozaik pada anak kelompok A TK ABA Khadijah Bangunjiwo Timur Kasihan Bantul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif dan partisipatif. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah 21 anak, yang terdiri dari 11 anak laki-laki dan 10 anak perempuan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan panduan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik mozaik dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok A TK ABA Khadijah Bangunjiwo Timur Kasihan Bantul. Hal ini dibuktikan pencapaian kemampuan motorik halus, anak yang berkembang sangat baik pada tindakan siklus 1 mencapai 19,05% atau peningkatannya dari sebelum tindakan ke tindakan siklus 1 mencapai 30,16%. Kemampuan motorik halus anak yang berkembang sangat baik pada tindakan siklus 2 adalah 80,95% atau peningkatan dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 mencapai 71,43%. Langkah-langkah pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus melalui teknik mozaik, meliputi: (1) membuat kertas mozaik dengan berbagai macam warna, (2) memperjelas tahapan atau langkah dalam menjiplak, menggunting dan menempel, dengan menggunakan kertas asturo dengan ukuran yang besar dan menempelkan setiap potongan mozaik di papan tulis, (3) memotivasi anak untuk bisa menyelesaikan sendiri tanpa minta bantuan orang lain baik guru maupun teman, dan (4) mengingatkan anak untuk memegang pensil, gunting dan mengoles lem dengan mempergunakan jari-jemari yang baik dan benar. Kata kunci: kemampuan motorik halus, teknik mozaik, anak kelompok A
Avaliação de testes rápidos em microplacas usando indicadores de viabilidade celular para determinação da susceptibilidade de cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis à isoniazida e rifampicina

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the rates of drug resistance is one of the pillars of tuberculosis control program evaluation. Data from low-resource countries are scarce and results are delayed due to the techniques employed. There is therefore an urgent need for evaluation of faster and less onerous testing methods. OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of rapid colorimetric assays for phenotyping that employ oxidation-reduction indicators to determine the susceptibility profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the gold-standard proportion method on Lowenstein-Jensen Medium. METHOD: We analyzed 166 M. tuberculosis strains of known susceptibility. Minimal inhibition concentrations for isoniazid and rifampicin were determined in microplates, using a liquid medium and Alamar Blue and tetrazolium bromide indicators. To measure agreement the Kappa value was used. Cutoff values between sensitive and resistant strains were defined as 0.2mg/mL and 1.0mg/mL for isoniazid and rifampicin, respectively. RESULTS: There was 100% concordance between Alamar Blue and tetrazolium bromide methods in the determination of minimal inhibition concentrations. Agreement between the colorimetric method and the Lowenstein-Jensen was 95% for isoniazid and rifampicin. Using the colorimetric method, results were obtained within 7 days, in contrast to the 28 days required for the conventional method. CONCLUSIONS: Assays to determine minimal inhibition concentrations in liquid medium and employing oxidation-reduction indicators proved to be rapid and inexpensive. This method has the potential to become a faster, alternative method for determining susceptibility of M. tuberculosis strains in developing countries.
Effectiveness of a psycho-educational staff training program on attitudes of staff in a long-term care facility: A pilot study and framework

ABSTRACT Managing Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) is a significant challenge for staff working in long-term care facilities. This study examines the effectiveness of a psycho-educational training aimed at changing staff’s attitudes. The results indicated that participants’ attitudes toward dementia were more positive, person-centered, and hopeful; some participants’ attitudes were unchanged or altered negatively after the training sessions. The conclusiveness of evaluation findings was limited due to time constraints for staff to participate in the complete educational program and the small dataset. Further research is indicated to revise the methodology of the training to ascertain if the framework regarding education on dementia influences staff’s attitude and the overall well-being of the residents.
The efficacy of lobaplatin combined with docetaxel versus docetaxel alone as the second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and toxicity of single-agent docetaxel and lobaplatin combined with docetaxel as the second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Fourty-two patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into observation group and control group.Observation group(n=27): lobaplatin 30 mg/m2 iv,d2;docetaxel 75 mg/m2 iv,d1.Control group(n=27): docetaxel 75 mg/m2iv,d1.Twenty-one to twenty-eight days was a cycle for the two regimens and each patient was treated at least 3 cycles.The efficacy was evaluated after two cycles.Results All the patients could be evaluated.The disease control rate and response rate of observation group were 73.3%(11/15)and 26.7%(4/15),and in control group were 63.0%(17/27) and 22.2%(6/27). There was no statistical difference between the two groups.The mean survival for observation group was 18.0 months,which was longer than the median survival 14.0 months of control group(P0.05). The median progression-free survival of observation group and control group were 11.0 months and 7.8 months(P0.05). There was no significantly statistical differentce(P0.05) in neutropenia,anemia and gastrointestinal reactions between the two groups;the rate of thrombocytopenia was higher in observation group(P=0.047). Conclusion The efficacy,survival and toxicity between lobaplatin combined with docetaxel and single-agent docetaxel was similar as the second-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC,and worth further study.
Health-related quality of life and depression in Rett syndrome caregivers.

BACKGROUND/AIM Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting females with an estimated incidence of 1:10,000-15,000 female births. Currently, there is no specific treatment that halts or reverses the progression of RTT. Therefore, management was mainly symptomatic, focussed on optimising patient's abilities. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depression in mothers who care for children with Rett syndrome (RTT) in Serbia. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted on 49 mothers giving care to females with RTT. Caregivers" HRQoL was assessed by using the SF-36 questionnaire. Clinical severity score (CSS) of RTT patients and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI -II) scale were used to quantify RTT severity and mothers' depression, respectively. Statistical assessment included descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The age of mothers ranged from 22 to 55 years and of their affected children from 3 to 29 years. Severe depression was observed in 15 (30.6%) participants. CSS and BDI-II scores correlated negatively with all SF-36 domains and composite scores. Lowest scoring domains of HRQoL in mothers giving care to RTT children were mental health, vitality and role functioning emotional. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that severity of RTT patients' disability (CSS) and caregivers' age are factors with strongest influence to HRQoL and depression in care giving mothers. CONCLUSION Mothers giving care to children with RTT are at high risk of severe depression and lower HRQoL scores of domains that reflect mental well-being. Results of this study can help in planning subsequent interventions directed at families dealing with Rett syndrome.
The Acquisition of Word Order inDifferent Learner Types

The aim of this work is twofold. First, I will examine whether the acquisition of word order is subject to transfer in child second language learners (cL2), as has been claimed for adult second language learners (Schwartz & Sprouse 1996). Second I will provide a classification of the cL2 children on the basis of the frequency of transfer, using predictions that can be derived from the Full Transfer Full Access Hypothesis (FTFA Schwartz & Sprouse 1996). I will investigate two groups of young children acquiring German (L1 French) and French (L1 German) as a second language at the age of 3-4. In particular, I will analyze the acquisition of word order by looking at the subject and verb position in main clauses and the OV/VO parameter (Neeleman and Weerman 1999) taking into account all clauses with complex verbs. According to the FTFA: a) transfer must be systematic at the onset of acquisition and b) all of the syntactic differences in the L1 must be transferred into the L2 grammar. I will demonstrate that, contrary to the prediction of the FTFA, the attested transfer seems to depend on the structural properties of the languages involved, rather than reflecting full transfer from L1 to L2. More precisely, what seems to look like transfer is asymmetrically distributed in the observed syntactic domain: German children acquiring French do not transfer the German V2 into French, while French children acquiring German use the ungrammatical V3 structure, even in later stages of acquisition. In main clauses with a complex verb, transfer appears in both groups of children. This paper is organized as follows: in section 2, I will outline the differences between French and German in the syntactic domain under investigation. In section 3, I will present the data. In section 4 and 5, I will move to the results. In section 6 conclusions will be drawn.