Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple levels paravertebral block versus morphine patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative analgesia following breast cancer surgery with unilateral lumpectomy, and axillary lymph nodes dissection

Background: Postoperative pain after breast cancer surgery is not uncommon. Narcotic based analgesia is commonly used for postoperative pain management. However, the side-effects and complications of systemic narcotics is a significant disadvantage. Different locoregional anesthetic techniques have been tried including, single and multiple levels paravertebral block (PVB), which seems to have a significant reduction in immediate postoperative pain with fewer side-effects. The aim of this study was to compare unilateral multiple level PVB versus morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for pain relief after breast cancer surgery with unilateral lumpectomy and axillary lymph nodes dissection. Materials and Methods: Forty patients scheduled for breast cancer surgery were randomized to receive either preoperative unilateral multiple injections PVB at five thoracic dermatomes (group P, 20 patients) or postoperative intravenous PCA with morphine (group M, 20 patients) for postoperative pain control. Numerical pain scale, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, Time to first analgesic demand, 24-h morphine consumption side-effects and length of hospital stay were recorded. Results: PVB resulted in a significantly more postoperative analgesia, maintained hemodynamic, more significant reduction in nausea and vomiting, and shorter hospital stay compared with PCA patients. Conclusion: Multiple levels PVB is an effective regional anesthetic technique for postoperative pain management, it provides superior analgesia with less narcotics consumption, and fewer side-effects compared with PCA morphine for patients with breast cancer who undergo unilateral lumpectomy, with axillary lymph nodes dissection.
Outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children: a single center experience.

OBJECTIVES Open pyeloplasty is the standard treatment for ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children. The introduction of robotic surgical system has facilitated precise intracorporeal suturing and shortened the learning curve for minimal invasive procedures for the surgeons. There is sparse data over the outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasties in children. We describe our technique and outcomes of robotic pyeloplasty in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS Operative data for all patients undergoing a robot-assisted procedure at our center is prospectively recorded in a database. We retrieved data of patients below the age of 16 years undergoing robot-assisted pyeloplasty between July 2007 to March 2011 and evaluated their operative parameters, recovery, and functional outcomes. RESULTS In the period under review, 34 pediatric patients (mean age 12 years, range 5-15 years) underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty at our center. All patients underwent unilateral pyeloplasty but one patient underwent a simultaneous contralateral pyelolithotomy. The mean total operative time (range) was 105 minutes (75-190 minutes), average dissection time and the anastomosis time was 23 minutes (20-58 minutes) and 46.5 minutes (28-70 minutes) respectively. The mean blood loss was 30 mL. Follow-up of 36, 24, 18, 12, and 6 months was completed in 14, 21, 24, 28, and 31 patients respectively. Postoperatively, one patient had an omentum herniation through the camera port site and another had an ileocaecal volvulus. With a mean follow-up of 28.5 months (2-56 months), the success rate was 97% (32/33), whereas postoperatively one patient had deterioration of function. CONCLUSION Robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment modality in children.
Heat transfer predictions in cavities

Artificial roughness elements (ribs) introduced in flow passages is a popular method of enhancing heat transfer in the cooling passage of turbine blades, heat exchangers etc. It is essential to accurately predict the enhancement of heat transfer generated by the roughness elements to ensure good design decisions. Experimental studies have been carried out by various investigators e.g. Han et al. (1978), Han (1984), Han et al. (1985), Han (1988), Chyu & Wu (1989), Korotky & Taslim (1998), and Rau et al. (1998). It has been found that the conventional k − turbulence models with wall functions do not accurately predict the data (Simoneau 1992) for this geometrical configuration. This is mainly because the flow field has both separation and reattachment points, and it is well known that the k− model with wall functions leads to erroneous predictions for this situation. In order to obtain better predictions, Liou et al. (1993) performed two-dimensional numerical simulations using a k− −A algebraic stress and heat flux model. Good agreement with experimental data were obtained, but extension of the method to three dimensions is computationally expensive and could lead to equations that are numerically stiff (Gatski & Speziale 1993 and Speziale 1997). Stephens & Shih (1995) used the k − ω model to compute three-dimensional ribbed channel with heat transfer and compared their results with experimental data of Chyu & Wu (1989). They achieved good qualitative but not quantitative agreement. More recently, Iacovides (1998) showed that two layer k − with the Wolfshtein (1969) one-equation near-wall model for k transport gives unsatisfactory heat transfer predictions in rotating ribbed passages. Better results were obtained by employing a low-Re version of a differential stress model. However, this model is computationally expensive and only achieved marginal improvement in heat transfer predictions. The v − f turbulence model was introduced by Durbin (1991) and has been successfully used to predict heat transfer in attached boundary layers and channel flows (Durbin 1993). This model was later used by Behnia et al. (1997) to predict heat transfer in an axisymmetric impinging jet. The impinging jet is a very challenging test case because the applications of traditional turbulence models to this flow configuration have been shown to result in poor agreement with available experimental data. Computations using the v − f model give better heat transfer predictions in this axisymmetric two-dimensional environment. Here, the v − f
The Gains from Resolving Debt Overhang: Evidence from a Structural Estimation

What are the gains from resolving debt overhang for firm growth and aggregate welfare? To address this question, we develop a general equilibrium model where heterogeneous firms innovate to grow, can potentially default on their debt obligations, and can suffer from debt overhang. We estimate the model with data on U.S. nonfinancial public firms using indirect inference and obtain bounds on the extent to which debt overhang affects firm growth that are consistent with existing estimates in the corporate finance literature. We find that while the private gains to a firm from resolving debt overhang can be large if it faces sufficient default risk, the expected gains to firms on average are relatively modest. The social gains to long-run consumption and output from resolving debt overhang are smaller, as an endogenous rise in the real cost of innovation and the aggregate bankruptcy rate act as dampening forces. However, our model suggests the gains from resolving debt overhang over the business cycle can be large, as firm default risk rises significantly during the recession, which implies a significant decrease in innovation and subsequent firm growth.
Identification of α-Enolase as an Autoantigen in Lung Cancer: Its Overexpression Is Associated with Clinical Outcomes

Purpose: Although existence of humoral immunity has been previously shown in malignant pleural effusions, only a limited number of immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAA) have been identified and associated with lung cancer. In this study, we intended to identify more TAAs in pleural effusion–derived tumor cells. Experimental Design: Using morphologically normal lung tissues as a control lysate in Western blotting analyses, 54 tumor samples were screened with autologous effusion antibodies. Biochemical purification and mass spectrometric identification of TAAs were done using established effusion tumor cell lines as antigen sources. We identified a p48 antigen as α-enolase (ENO1). Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate expression status of ENO1 in the tissue samples of 80 patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and then correlated with clinical variables. Results: Using ENO1-specifc antiserum, up-regulation of ENO1 expression in effusion tumor cells from 11 of 17 patients was clearly observed compared with human normal lung primary epithelial and non-cancer-associated effusion cells. Immunohistochemical studies consistently showed high level of ENO1 expression in all the tumors we have examined thus far. Log-rank and Cox's analyses of ENO1 expression status revealed that its expression level in primary tumors was a key factor contributing to overall- and progression-free survivals of patients (P < 0.05). The same result was also obtained in the early stage of NSCLC patients, showing that tumors expressing relatively higher ENO1 level were tightly correlated with poorer survival outcomes. Conclusions: Our data strongly support a prognostic role of ENO1 in determining tumor malignancy of patients with NSCLC.
PROTOCOL: Interventions designed to improve financial capability by improving financial behavior and financial access: A systematic review

Financial capability, defined as “a consumer's ability to apply financial knowledge and perform desirable financial behaviors to achieve financial well‐being” (Xiao & O’Neill, 2014, November), is gaining attention in practice and public policy. Today’s financial context is more complicated in that it offers more types of financial products and services from which to choose than in previous generations, and people have greater responsibility for making some financial decisions with long‐term ramifications compared to previous generations that had, for example, increased access to pensions. The growth in individual responsibility dovetailing with the growth in financial products and services, including those in the Alternative Financial Services sector, has resulted in a higher risk than ever for making financial decisions. As a result of the recent global financial crisis and subsequent growth in income and wealth inequality to unprecedented levels in recent U.S. history, there is growing recognition that people need stronger financial capability to avoid and recover from financial difficulties and poverty (Miller, Reichelstein, Salas, & Zia, 2014; Mitchell & Lusardi, 2015).
A hydroxycinnamoyltransferase responsible for synthesizing suberin aromatics in Arabidopsis

Suberin, a polyester polymer in the cell wall of terrestrial plants, controls the transport of water and nutrients and protects plant from pathogenic infections and environmental stresses. Structurally, suberin consists of aliphatic and aromatic domains; p-hydroxycinnamates, such as ferulate, p-coumarate, and/or sinapate, are the major phenolic constituents of the latter. By analyzing the “wall-bound” phenolics of mutant lines of Arabidopsis deficient in a family of acyl-CoA dependent acyltransferase (BAHD) genes, we discovered that the formation of aromatic suberin in Arabidopsis, primarily in seed and root tissues, depends on a member of the BAHD superfamily of enzymes encoded by At5g41040. This enzyme exhibits an ω-hydroxyacid hydroxycinnamoyltransferase activity with an in vitro kinetic preference for feruloyl-CoA and 16-hydroxypalmitic acid. Knocking down or knocking out the At5g41040 gene in Arabidopsis reduces specifically the quantity of ferulate in suberin, but does not affect the accumulation of p-coumarate or sinapate. The loss of the suberin phenolic differentially affects the aliphatic monomer loads and alters the permeability and sensitivity of seeds and roots to salt stress. This highlights the importance of suberin aromatics in the polymer's function.
Does the clinical examination predict lower extremity peripheral arterial disease?

CONTEXT Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common and associated with significant increases in morbidity and mortality. Physicians typically depend on the clinical examination to identify patients who need further diagnostic testing. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the accuracy and precision of the clinical examination for PAD. DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION, AND DATA EXTRACTION MEDLINE (January 1966 to March 2005) and Cochrane databases were searched for articles on the diagnosis of PAD based on physical examination published in the English language. Included studies compared an element of the history or physical examination with a reference standard of ankle-brachial index, duplex sonography, or angiogram. Seventeen of the 51 potential articles identified met inclusion criteria. Two of the authors independently extracted data, performed quality review, and used consensus to resolve any discrepancies. DATA SYNTHESIS For asymptomatic patients, the most useful clinical findings to diagnose PAD are the presence of claudication (likelihood ratio [LR], 3.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.30-4.80), femoral bruit (LR, 4.80; 95% CI, 2.40-9.50), or any pulse abnormality (LR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.40-6.60). While none of the clinical examination features help to lower the likelihood of any degree of PAD, the absence of claudication or the presence of normal pulses decreases the likelihood of moderate to severe disease. When considering patients who are symptomatic with leg complaints, the most useful clinical findings are the presence of cool skin (LR, 5.90; 95% CI, 4.10-8.60), the presence of at least 1 bruit (LR, 5.60; 95% CI, 4.70-6.70), or any palpable pulse abnormality (LR, 4.70; 95% CI, 2.20-9.90). The absence of any bruits (iliac, femoral, or popliteal) (LR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.34-0.45) or pulse abnormality (LR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.23-0.64) reduces the likelihood of PAD. Combinations of physical examination findings do not increase the likelihood of PAD beyond that of individual clinical findings. However, when combinations of clinical findings are all normal, the likelihood of disease is lower than when individual symptoms or signs are normal. A PAD scoring system, which includes auscultation of arterial components by handheld Doppler, provides greater diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Clinical examination findings must be used in the context of the pretest probability because they are not independently sufficient to include or exclude a diagnosis of PAD with certainty. The PAD screening score using the hand-held Doppler has the greatest diagnostic accuracy.
Relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China.

AIM To study the relationship between ABO blood groups and carcinoma of esophagus and cardia in Chaoshan inhabitants of China, which is a unique Littoral high-risk area of esophageal carcinoma in China. The poor communication and transportation in the past has made Chaoshan a relatively closed area and kept its culture and custure of old China thousand years ago. METHODS Data on age, sex, ABO blood type and X-ray or pathological diagnose of the patients with carcinoma of esophagus or cardia were collected from the Tumor Hospital. First Affiliated Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College; and the Central Hospital of Shantou and the Central Hospital of Jieyang. A total of 6685 patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC) and 2955 patients with cardiac cancer (CC) in Chaoshan district were retrospectively assessed for their association with ABO blood groups. RESULTS The distribution of ABO blood groups in patients with EC or CC was similar to the normal local population in Chaoshan. However, blood group B in male patients with CC and in the patients with carcinoma in the upper third esophagus was 2.3% and 4.7% higher than the corresponding controls. The relative risk B O was 1.1415 (P<0.05) and 1.2696 (P<0.05), respectively. No relationship was found between ABO blood groups and tumor differentiation. CONCLUSION ABO blood group B is associated with the incidence of CC in male individuals and carcinoma in the upper third esophagus. The distribution of ABO blood groups varies in the different geographical and ethnic groups. As a result, proper controls are very important for such studies.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHIPELAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN DI INTERNET(INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaporan perusahaan melalui internet pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2012-2014. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas dan reputasi auditor . Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder berupa data dari perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan sejumlah 76 perusahaan yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling dengan periode penelitian selama tahun 2012-2014. Alat statistik yang digunakan yaitu regresi linier berganda. Sebelumnya dilakukan uji hipotesis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif, uji korelasi, dan uji asumsi klasik. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari hasil penelitian adalah variabel profitabilitas, likuiditas dan reputasi auditor berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap praktik pelaporan keuangan melalui internet (Internet Financial Reporting). Sedangkan variabel ukuran leverage tidak terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap praktik pelaporan keuangan melalui internet (Internet Financial Reporting) . Kata kunci : Profitabilitas, Leverage, Likuiditas, Reputasi Auditor, Internet Financial Reporting The Analysis On The Factors Which Influence Internet Financial Reporting This study aimed to analyze the factors that affect the reporting of the company via the Internet on companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2014. The variable used is profitability, leverage, liquidity and auditor reputation. This study uses secondary data are taken from the manufatur companies listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia. 76 companies as sample were taken using purposive sampling from the period 2012-2014. Statistical tool used is multiple linear regression. Previous hypothesis test with descriptive statistical analysis, correlation, and classical assumption. The result of this study shows that the profitability, liquidity and auditor reputastion have positive and significant impact on the internet financial reporting. However, leverage hasn’t significant impact on the internet financial reporting. Keyword : Profitabilitas, Leverage, Liquidity, Auditor Reputation, Internet Financial Reporting
Title Skb 5 , an SH 3 adaptor protein , regulates Pmk 1 MAPK signaling by controlling the intracellular localization of Mkh 1 MAPKKK Authors

The MAPK cascade is a highly conserved signaling module composed of MAPK/MAPKK/MAPKKK. MAPKKK Mkh1 is an initiating kinase in Pmk1 MAPK signaling, which regulates cell integrity in fission yeast. Our genetic screen for regulators of Pmk1 signaling identified Skb5 (Shk1 kinase binding protein 5), an SH3 domain-containing adaptor protein. Here, we showed that Skb5 serves as an inhibitor of Pmk1 MAPK signaling activation by downregulating Mkh1 localization to cell tips via its interaction with the SH3 domain. Consistently, the Mkh1 mutant protein, with impaired Skb5 binding, remained in the cell tips, even when Skb5 was overproduced. Intriguingly, Skb5 needs Mkh1 to localize to the growing ends as Mkh1 deletion and disruption of Mkh1 binding impairs Skb5 localization. Deletion of Pck2, an upstream activator of Mkh1, impaired the cell tip localization of Mkh1 and Skb5 as well as Mkh1/Skb5 interaction. Interestingly, both Pck2 and Mkh1 localized to the cell tips at the G1/S phase, which coincided with Pmk1 MAPK activation. Altogether, Mkh1 localization to cell tips is important for transmitting upstream signaling to Pmk1 and Skb5 spatially regulates this process.
The effects of high oral magnesium supplementation on blood pressure, serum lipids and related variables in apparently healthy Japanese subjects

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, thirty-three subjects were allocated to undergo either a 4-week treatment with oral Mg supplementation (Mg(OH)2; 411–548 mg Mg/d) or a placebo. The urinary excretion of Mg increased significantly in both the first 2 weeks and the following 2 weeks of Mg supplementation, while the urinary Na excretion also increased significantly over the experimental period. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure values decreased significantly in the Mg group, but not in the placebo group. The urinary aldosterone excretion and packed cell volume increased significantly during the last 2 weeks of the experimental period compared with the run-in period and first 2 weeks of supplementation. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the values for urinary noradrenaline excretion and diastolic blood pressure at the end of the supplementation period (both expressed as a percentage of the run-in value). Statistically significant increases in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43; LCAT), HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI were also observed after Mg supplementation. A significant positive correlation was observed between the levels of LCAT and urinary Mg excretion for the experimental period (expressed as a percentage of the run-in value). The total cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio decreased significantly during the last 2 weeks of Mg supplementation compared with the first 2 weeks and the run-in periods, but this did not occur in the placebo group. These results suggest that Mg supplementation may lower blood pressure through the suppression of the adrenergic activity and possible natriuresis, while also improving the serum lipids through the activation of LCAT in human subjects.
Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma With Stromal Eosinophilia of the Retromolar Region

Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia (TUGSE) is a rare chronic benign lesion of the oral mucosa. Clinically, it may mimic squamous cell carcinoma as well as other malignant lesions. Most cases of TUGSE are reactive. A case of TUGSE of the retromolar region is reported. An asymptomatic ulceration with indurated borders, limited to the gingiva, was localized in the right retromolar region. An incisional biopsy was taken. Six weeks after the biopsy, the residual ulceration spontaneously disappeared. After 6 months of follow-up, the lesion had not recurred. Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia can be interpreted as a subset of lymphoproliferative disorders. A malignant lymphoid proliferation should be suspected when atypical histologic findings and monoclonality are observed. Given the benign nature of TUGSE, overtreatment should be prevented in patients affected by this disease.