Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Time of Application of Maturing Herbicides Affects the Physiological Quality of Canola Seeds

Canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) is a winter growing option for producers, however, harvesting is the phase that requires the most care and decision making to avoid losses in productivity. One of the alternatives that can be used to solve this problem is the application of maturing herbicides. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of canola seeds with the use of herbicides, applied in two seasons, for pre-harvest maturation of the crop. The experimental design was a randomized block design, arranged in a factorial scheme 7x2 + 2 (herbicide x season + control) with four replications. Hybrid 50 canola plants received ammonium glufosinate, paraquat, glyphosate, diquat, saflufenacil, 2,4 D and paraquat + diuron at two times in the crop cycle (G3 when the first ten the main stem silica has a width greater than 4 cm, and G4 when the first ten silicas of the main stem begin to mature), in addition to two unselected controls, for each season, the first being harvested on the day of application of the products, and the second kept in the field until the final cycle of the culture. First germination, germination, seedling length, dry mass, cold test and accelerated aging tests were performed. Herbicides applied in the first season (G3) cause the greatest damage to the seeds, and the plants that remained in the field until the end of the crop cycle and did not receive herbicide application (additional control), result in seeds with better physiological quality. The treatments with diquat, paraquat + diuron and glufosinate of ammonium presented higher efficiency with respect to seed quality, being the best period to carry out the maturation practice in the canola crop in the G4 season. Keywords— Anticipation of the harvest, Brassica napus L. , Maturation of seeds.
Evaluation of therapeutic relationship skills training for mental health professionals: the Therapeutic Relationship Enabling Programme (TREP)

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: A 3-day workshop in Taiwan, developed in accordance with Carl Rogers’ person-centred theory, used an experiential-learning pedagogy and a helping learning technology mPath. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a short-term course for mental health professional students assessing to the acquisition of therapeutic relationship competencies. Objective:To evaluate the training effects and investigate any changes in the level of therapeutic relationship competence of the participants before, at the end and two weeks after the intervention. Methods:A sample of 59 mental health professional students from 7 medical schools studying in nursing, occupational therapy, medicine, clinical psychology and other specialities with the completion of psychiatry-relevant courses. 26 of 59 mental health professional students volunteered to form the experimental group, and the controls were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. All of them completed the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory OS-40 three times. Mean values and statistical significance tests were computed to compare the results. Results:Within 3 days, the mental health professional students in the experimental group (N=26) completed the Therapeutic Relationship Enabling Programme (TREP) and showed a statistically significant level of change (Mean Difference= +9.5, p= 0.002), which was in contrast to the outcome of the control group (N=33, Mean Difference= +0.18, p= 0.683), in the therapeutic relationship competences. The effecting growth curve of therapeutic relationship competence in the experimental group continually inclined two weeks after the intervention (Mean Difference= +19.423, p= 0.000) while the control group reflected a decline in therapeutic relationship competence (Mean Difference= -0.515, p= 0.812). Conclusions: A person-centred-theory-based training workshop with the use of a specially designed technology enhanced Taiwanese mental health professional students’ learning on therapeutic relationship competences. A further investigation into learning person-centred therapeutic relationship qualities in the workshop as an innovative pedagogy and learning approach for medical education would be recommended.
Note on the Treatment of Depression †

A recent paper by Bente, et at. (2) on various anticholinergic compounds, reawakened our interest in one of them, AHR376 (l-methyl-3 -pyrrolidyl-cphenyl-cyclop~ntyl~andelate HCL), which had been investigated first by our group in 1961. They reported that the drug produced "an exogenous psychosis of confusional character lasting several hours in doses of 2-4 mg. with severe disturbances and disintegration of the individual's self-perception in time and space. " These observations prompted an analysis of the old material and the entire problem of treatment in depression. In addition, some comments will be made about the comparative dosage and clinical findings in both studies. A review of the literature is not within the purpose of this report, for Cole (3) has already done this admirably.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Spine at the Douala General Hospital (Cameroon)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the interest of MRI in the diagnosis of spinal disorders in our area. Method: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study during a nine-month period from January to September 2015 involving all patients who performed a spine MRI in the Imaging Department of Douala General Hospital. All the patients were scanned using an open-sided mid-field MRI APERTO LUCENT (0.4 T) using sagittal and axial slices in T1-weighted and T2-weighted FSE spin echo and STIR sagittal slices and T1 gado. Water-fat saturation (WFS) slices were obtained after injection of a contrast agent. All the data collected were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Sphinx version 4.0. Results: 220 patients were recruited. The mean age was 46.34. There was male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.5. The main indication was lumbar spine pain (36.8%), followed by cervical spine pain, sensory and motor disorder. Neurosurgeon (33.6%), neurologist (23.1%) and rheumatologist (13.6%) were the main referring physicians. The lumbar spine was the most explored (53.2%). Discal hernia (46.6%), arthrosis (31.3%) and degenerative disc disease (25.5%) were the main observed lesion. Infectious disorders were mainly represented by spondylitis (5%); Traumatic disorders by spondylolisthesis (8.6%). Tumors were mainly metastasis (4%). 21.3% of MRI were normal. MRI-clinical concordance was 78.63%. Conclusion: MRI allows an accurate assessment of spinal and spinal cord pathologies without exposing patients to radiation. It helped to confirm or refute the diagnosis suspected by clinics. However, its availability is limited in our country.
Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation due to laboratory-confirmed influenza in children in England in the 2015–2016 influenza season – a test-negative case–control study

Abstract England has recently started a new paediatric influenza vaccine programme using a live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). There is uncertainty over how well the vaccine protects against more severe end-points. A test-negative case–control study was used to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) in vaccine-eligible children aged 2–16 years of age in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalisation in England in the 2015–2016 season using a national sentinel laboratory surveillance system. Logistic regression was used to estimate the VE with adjustment for sex, risk-group, age group, region, ethnicity, deprivation and month of sample collection. A total of 977 individuals were included in the study (348 cases and 629 controls). The overall adjusted VE for all study ages and vaccine types was 33.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3–54.6) after adjusting for age group, sex, index of multiple deprivation, ethnicity, region, sample month and risk group. Risk group was shown to be an important confounder. The adjusted VE for all influenza types for the live-attenuated vaccine was 41.9% (95% CI 7.3–63.6) and 28.8% (95% CI −31.1 to 61.3) for the inactivated vaccine. The study provides evidence of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing hospitalisation due to laboratory-confirmed influenza in children in 2015–2016 and continues to support the rollout of the LAIV childhood programme.
Identification of targetable molecular alterations in the NCI-COG Pediatric MATCH trial.

10011 Background: The screening protocol for the NCI-Children’s Oncology Group (COG) Pediatric Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (MATCH) trial detects tumor alterations that are used to assign patients with treatment-refractory or recurrent cancers to phase 2 treatment arms of molecularly-targeted therapies. Methods: Patients age 1 to 21 years old with treatment-refractory or recurrent solid tumors, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, or histiocytic disorders treated at U.S. based COG sites are eligible. DNA and RNA extracted from FFPE tumor samples are sequenced using an Oncomine cancer gene panel for detection of mutations, amplifications, and fusions. Loss of SMARCB1, SMARCA4, and PTEN expression is detected by immunohistochemistry. Lists of actionable mutations (aMOIs) based upon available clinical and pre-clinical data are used a priori to determine eligibility for treatment arms. Results: Between 7/24/17 and 12/31/18, 422 patients with a median age of 13 years (range 1-21) were enrolled from 93 COG sites. Solid tumors comprised 71% (n = 300) of diagnoses, CNS tumors 24% (n = 101) and lymphomas/histiocytoses 5% (n = 21). A tumor sample was submitted for 390 patients, sequencing was attempted for 370 (95%), and results were confirmed for 357 (92%). Median turn-around time was 15 days. An aMOI for at least one of the 10 current treatment arms was identified in 112 patients (29%, 95% CI 24%-33%); 95 patients (24%, 95% CI 20%-29%) were assigned to a treatment arm with 39 patients (10%, 95% CI 7%-13%) enrolled to date. The aMOI rate was similar in patients less than 12 years of age (35%) compared to patients 12 years and older (25%). Actionable MAPK pathway alterations were found in 11% of patients (n = 41), most often HRAS/ KRAS/ NRAS mutations (n = 16), BRAF mutations or fusions (n = 14), or NF1 mutations (n = 11). Other genes with recurrent aMOIs included SMARCB1 (n = 14), ALK (n = 8), CDK4 (n = 8), PIK3CA (n = 7), PTEN (n = 7), FGFR1 (n = 5), and BRCA1/BRCA2 (n = 5). Conclusions: Approximately one-quarter of patients with tumor submitted for Pediatric MATCH screening have been assigned to an investigational therapy, facilitating the evaluation of molecularly-targeted agents in biomarker-positive pediatric cohorts through a collaborative nationwide study. Clinical trial information: NCT03155620.
Clinico-Pathological Study of Abdominal Hysterectomies

Hysterectomy is the commonest gynaecological operation. It is still considered as the treatment of choice for benign lesion such as leiomyoma, adenomyosis, extensive pelvic infection or adhesions, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and obstetric complications. A Cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology during the period from 1st January to 31st December 2015 at Faridpur medical college and hospital, Faridpur. This study was done to correlate the indications of abdominal hysterectomy to histopathological findings thus, determining histologically confirmed preoperative clinical diagnosis. One hundred patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy were studied. Data were recorded on structured proforma, including demographic characteristics, clinical features and indications of the procedure. In this study, leiomyoma of the uterus was found to be the major indication of hysterectomy in 35% of total cases, followed by dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) in 26%, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in 6%. Histopathological confirmation of pre-operative diagnosis was 100% for malignancy, 85.71% for fibroid and 65.38% for DUB. Hysterectomy is currently the most widely performed major operation in gynecology and histopathology is mandatory for ensuring diagnosis and management of malignant diseases.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2018;13(1): 28-30
Influence of breastfeeding and timing of gluten introduction on the onset of celiac disease in infants

Introduction/Objective. The classic type of celiac disease (CD) is most common in children under two years of age. The aim of this study was to investigate whether breastfeeding, particularly breastfeeding during gluten introduction, and timing of gluten introduction, influence the onset of CD at this age. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 93 children, 40 in the first and 53 in the second year, with a classic CD diagnosed at the University Children? s Hospital, Belgrade between 2000 and 2010. The diagnosis of CD was based on the criteria of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) from 1989. Results. Duration of breastfeeding reduced the onset of the CD in the first year p = 0.039 (OR = 1.43 95% CI 1.019? 1.899). Also, breastfeeding at the time of gluten introduction significantly delayed the age at diagnosis (F = 1.671, t = 2.39, p = 0.029). The timing of gluten introduction did not affect the age of occurrence of CD in these group of children. Conclusion. Longer breastfeeding, and breastfeeding at the time of gluten introduction, postponed the onset of classic CD in patients up to two years. The association between the occurrence of CD and the time of introduction of gluten in this age group of patients has not been established.
Extraneous Material on Plant Surfaces – An SEM Study

Leaf surfaces of fifteen plant species contained a large variety of biological and nonbiological structures of various sizes and shapes, which are not a part of the leaf surface but are significant features of all field-grown plants. Some of these structures were fungal hyphae, soil, pollen grains, bacteria, smut teliospores, and many others which could not be identified. This profusion of extraneous material indicates that in-depth studies will have to be made concerning the influence of these materials on agricultural chemicals before the fate of the chemical can be determined with any certainty.
Role of Pyroptosis in Cardiovascular Diseases and its Therapeutic Implications

Pyroptotic cell death or pyroptosis is characterized by caspase-1-dependent formation of plasma membrane pores, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell lysis. Pyroptosis tightly controls the inflammatory responses and coordinates antimicrobial host defenses by releasing pro-inflammatory cellular contents, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and consequently expands or sustains inflammation. It is recognized as an important innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular pathogens. The induction of pyroptosis is closely associated with the activation of the NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome which has been linked to key cardiovascular risk factors including hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Emerging evidence has indicated pyroptosis as an important trigger and endogenous regulator of cardiovascular inflammation. Thus, pyroptosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Design of therapeutic strategies targeting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis holds promise for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Maternity care in KwaZulu-Natal : towards a grounded theory of adolescent-friendly maternity services.

The issue ofadolescent health has steadily grown momentum with people realizing the vulnerability of this sector of the world's population. Within the South African context, the tide had also turned. However, most initiatives aimed at the prevention of problems, one of which was adolescent pregnancy. Extant literature revealed that despite efforts to reduce adolescent pregnancy, adolescent fertility rate in SubSaharan Africa remained on the rise. As such, the need for appropriate maternity services for this group became a concern, as extant literature also revealed the costly long term effects to pregnant and parenting adolescents, as well as society as a whole. Within KwaZulu-Natal pregnant and parenting adolescents use the same maternity services as their adult counterparts. It was not clear if these services were appropriate to the needs ofthese clients. As such, a Glaser Grounded Theory approach was used to explore the maternity services from the points ofview ofthe various stakeholder groups. Data was collected, using theoretical sampling, by means ofsemi-structured interviews and focus group interviews. Constructs ofadolescent-friendly maternity care were identified from the findings. The components of the constructs included aspects of (1) Structures and Resources, (2) Attitudes to AMCs, and (3) Services. The resources or structures that either need to exist and/or be improved included policies, the quality and quantity ofHCps, formalized support for AMCs, a sensitized administration, community involvement and the educational preparation ofHCps. The attitudes that service providers were expected to demonstrate in their interaction with AMCs included those of equality,
AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OF ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN HADOTI REGION

Background: The natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by frequent exacerbations. The purpose of this study was to determine the bacteriology of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospitalized patients in our institution and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern to formulate cost effective antibiotic strategy and reducing the emergence of drug resistance. Materials and Methods: 50 clinically diagnosed cases of AECOPD admitted in medicine and chest wards were selected for the study. Direct gram stain was done for all sputum samples. The suitable sputum samples were cultured. Identification of organism and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by standard microbiological technique Results: Our study showed growth of pathogenic organisms in 41.12% cases. Males (61.90%) are more affected than females (23.71%). Gram negative bacilli were more isolated than gram positive cocci. Our study showed 21 positive sputum cultures and 76.20% were males and 23.80% were females. The prevalence of Gram negative bacteria was 71.42% and Gram positive bacteria were 28.58%. Klebsiells pneumoniae was the commonest bacteria isolated 6 (28.57%), followed by E.coli 4 (19.0%), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species & Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,each 3 (14.28%) & Acinetobacter species 2 (9.53%). The antibiotic susceptibility reveals that vancomycin, linezolid, azithromycin were most effective drugs for gram positive cocci, meropenem ,ceftriaxone,imipinem for gram negative bacilli and amikacin & piperacillin -tazobactam for both gram positive cocci & gram negative bacilli.Conclusion: In developing country like India AECOPD is common in adults more than 50 years of age due to smoking habits and high indoor pollution. This leads to a major impact on the quality of life of patients with the condition. They are a major cause of hospital admission and health care utilization
Short-Interval Self-Learning to Improve Retention of Resuscitation Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The optimal interval and methods for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) retraining remain unclear. We evaluated the difference in CPR skills one year after a 45-minute chest compression-only CPR training among participants receiving short self-learning refresher training at 3-month intervals, those receiving this training at 6-month intervals
Physiotherapy management of patients with major chest trauma: Results from a global survey

Aim Major chest trauma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management of patients with major chest trauma includes pain relief, ventilatory management, surgical fixation and early rehabilitation to improve both short- and long-term outcomes. Physiotherapy is widely considered an integral component of the multidisciplinary trauma team and aims to improve respiratory status and reduce the sequelae associated with immobility and reduced physical function. Despite this there is scarce evidence describing or investigating physiotherapy interventions and how these practices vary worldwide. The aim of this study was to ascertain the current physiotherapy management of patients having sustained major chest trauma and to investigate how such practices varied internationally. Methods A purpose designed online survey was administered to a group of experienced physiotherapists who work in the field of trauma. Results Response rate was 51% (n = 49) and respondents represented all five continents. Respondents reported focussing on active coughing (n = 46, 96%, r = 0.5, p = 0.98), body positioning (n = 43, 94%, r = 0.7, p = 0.41), deep breathing exercises (n = 44, 94%, r = 0.8, p = 0.66) and early mobilisation (n = 47, 98%, r = 1, p = 0.64). Ambulation in hospital was reported to be common (n = 46, 98%, r = 0.2, p = 0.99) but rehabilitation to address longer term sequelae following hospital discharge was reported to be rare (n = 4, 8%). Conclusion This survey has highlighted those practices used by physiotherapists worldwide which aim to address the complications associated with major chest trauma. Having established global practice, the study provides a platform for future research investigating the efficacy of such interventions in improving both short- and long-term outcomes for patients following major chest injury.