Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New tetrapodomorph vertebrates from the Yam-Tesovo locality (Amata Regional Stage, Middle–Upper Devonian) of Leningrad Region, northwestern Russia

ABSTRACT Each piece of data is valuable for unearthing the earliest history of tetrapod origin. Despite frequently incomplete preservation, each skeletal element provides important information on the morphology, phylogeny and faunistic diversity of early tetrapodomorphs. We describe here new and earlier collected material from the fossil vertebrate site Yam-Tesovo on the Oredezh River (Leningrad Region, northwestern Russia) in the deposits of the Yam-Tesovo Formation within the Amata Regional Stage (? lowermost Frasnian, Upper Devonian). Upon similarity of their dermal ornamentation, two mandibular fragments are suggested to belong to the new tetrapodomorph taxon Rubrognathus kuleshovi n. gen. et sp. This species demonstrates a general ‘elpistostegalian' morphological pattern with some early tetrapod characters. The new taxon is characterised by an almost closed intercoronoid fossa, a prearticular that is strongly convex in section and bearing small teeth along its dorsal margin, low vertical coronoid laminae and coronoid fangs that enter the coronoid tooth row. The mandibular canal runs partly in open groove or opens to the surface by a row of large pores. The dermal ornament consists of a network of small ridges forming tubercles in the nodes. The postfrontal assigned to Tetrapodomorpha shows a ‘tetrapod-like' pits-and-ridges sculpturing and a supraorbital ridge characteristic of early tetrapods as well as ‘elpistostegalians'. Its long posterolateral bone margin demonstrates a lateral projection similar to that in Tiktaalik and unknown in other ‘elpistostegalians' and early tetrapods. An unusually flattened vomer is doubtfully related to the tetrapodomorph genus Livoniana Ahlberg, Lukševičs & Mark-Kurik, 2000, based upon characteristic multiple tooth rows. Teeth in rows decrease labially and show no clearly enlarged fang pairs. New finds of the last two decades present the earliest records of some tetrapod characters in non-limbed tetrapodomorphs. This challenges previous hypotheses on the origin of tetrapods.
Climate Change Adaptation and Gender Inequality: Insights from Rural Vietnam

Vietnam is one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change impacts, especially from extreme weather events such as storms and floods. Thus, climate change adaptation is crucial, especially for natural resource-dependent farmers. Based on a qualitative research approach using a feminist political ecology lens, this article investigates gendered patterns of rural agrarian livelihoods and climate adaptation in the province of Thái Bình. In doing so, we identify differentiated rights and responsibilities between female and male farmers, leading to unequal opportunities and immobility for females, making them more vulnerable to climate impacts and threatening to reduce their capacity to adapt. This research also shows that demands on farmers to contribute to perpetual increases in agricultural output by the state poses a challenge, since farming livelihoods in Vietnam are increasingly becoming feminised, as a result of urbanisation and devaluation of farming. Past and present national strategies and provincial implementation plans linked to climate change do not consider the burden affecting rural female farmers, instead the focus lies on addressing technical solutions to adaptation. With little attention being paid to an increasingly female workforce, existing gender inequalities may be exacerbated, threatening the future existence of rural livelihoods and the viability of Vietnam’s expansion into global markets.
Calcium isotopic anomalies and the lack of aluminum-26 in an unusual Allende inclusion

We have studied the Mg and Ca isotopic compositions of an unusual Allende inclusion dominated by hibonite, which is the most refractory and possibly the most primitive major oxide mineral. No ^(26)Mg excess was found in spite of the high ^(27)Al/^(24)Mg (1 ≳ 10^3) of some samples, indicating an initial (^(26)Al/^(27)Al)_0 < 2 X 10^(-7), a factor of 250 less than found in some other Allende inclusions. The upper limit for Mg isotopic fractionation is 20%o per amu. Anomalous but uniform Ca isotopic compositions were found for bulk samples of coexisting phases and microscopic grains. The Ca anomaly is a superposition of a large mass-dependent fractionation effect of 7.5‰ per amu favoring the heavy isotopes and small (1‰-2‰) "nonlinear" effects of presumably nuclear origin. If the lack of ^(26)Al is due to a time delay of 6 X 10^6 yr for the formation of the hibonite inclusion, then condensation models require modification. The Ca effects suggest the alternative that ^(26)Al was not uniformly distributed in the solar system. These results accentuate the curious and unexplained association between large mass fractionation and nuclear effects. They also reinforce the scenario which envisages an early solar system consisting of isotopically and chemically distinct reservoirs resulting from the incomplete mixing of several nucleosynthetic components. It is not evident whether these components originated within the solar system or from another star.
Gas Network Development in Compact Bentonite: Key Controls on the Stability of Flow Pathways

Compacted bentonite is proposed as an engineered barrier material within facilities for the geological disposal of radioactive waste. Barrier performance and its interaction with a free gas phase must be considered as part of sound repository design. This study involved the long-term experimental examination of gas flow in precompacted bentonite, with particular consideration of gas network stability. Results demonstrate that the stress field experienced by the clay is strongly coupled with gas flow. For the first time, three controls on this behaviour are considered: (i) injection flow rate, (ii) constant vs. variable gas pressure, and (iii) stimulation of the microfracture network. A detailed stress analysis is used to examine changes in the gas flow network. The results indicate a degree of metastability despite these changes, except in the case of stimulation of the microfracture network by removal of the primary drainage route. In this case, a rapid redevelopment of the gas flow network was observed. As such, availability of drainage pathways will represent a key control on the generation of peak gas pressures and distribution of gas within the engineered barrier. The cessation of gas flow is shown to result in crack closure and self-sealing. Observations from this study highlight that characterisation of the gas network distribution is of fundamental importance in predicting gas dissipation rates and understanding the long-term fate of gas in radioactive waste repositories.
Splitting the attentional spotlight? Evidence from attentional capture by successive events*

ABSTRACT Must attention be disengaged from a location before it can be moved to another? We addressed this question in four experiments. Participants searched for a target defined by its colour. The search display followed either one or two successive singleton cues that were expected to capture attention because they were in the target colour. We found a spatial benefit at the location of the first cue even though attention had been shifted to the location of the second cue. However, this benefit was smaller than when the second cue had been absent. These findings suggest that attention can be directed to a new location before it is entirely disengaged from its previous locus. We tested and rejected alternative interpretations, according to which this residual spatial effect resulted from occasional failures of attentional capture by the second cue, or from variability of the speed at which attention was shifted from one cue to the other. Taken together, our findings suggest that shifting attention from one location to another results in two simultaneous foci of attention for at least 300 ms. We discuss the possibility that the residual spatial benefits observed here may reflect pre-attentive tagging rather than parallel allocation of a limited resource to two separate locations.
Examining the Predictive Role of Mindfulness in Forgiveness and Happiness among Psychiatric Patients

Mindfulness allows human to experience feelings such as forgiveness and happiness leading to an overall increase in wellbeing. Present study was carried out to explore the predictive role of mindfulness in forgiveness and happiness among psychiatric patients. It was also aimed to find out the level of mindfulness, forgiveness and happiness in patients with psychiatric disorders. Cross Sectional Research Design was selected. Study conducted in different government hospitals of Multan and completed in 6 months from January 2015 to June 2015.Through random sampling 150 diagnosed patients were taken from differ hospitals of Multan. Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (Thompson et al., 2005) and Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) was used in present research. Result indicated that mindfulness was positively and strongly correlated with forgiveness and happiness. Findings depict that level of mindfulness and forgiveness was different in patients with psychiatric disorders but no differences were found on the level of happiness. Current study concludes that mindfulness has significant positive relationship with forgiveness and happiness. Mindfulness has significant impact on forgiveness and happiness. Findings also conclude that significant differences in the level of mindfulness and forgiveness among patient with different psychiatric disorders. But no significant differences were found in the level of happiness among patient with different psychiatric disorders.
Transaction Cost Economics: The Natural Progression †

This manuscript provides the Nobel laureate's reflections on transaction cost economics. The overview section frames governance as the overarching concept and transaction cost economics as the means by which to breathe operational content into governance and organization. The vertical integration section identifies efficiency factors associated with determining when a firm produces a good or service to its own needs rather than outsource. A discussion of the rudiments of transaction cost analysis is subsequently provided. Puzzles and challenges that require pushing the logic of efficient governance to completion are examined and followed by concluding remarks.
DIPLOPIA IN ZYGOMATIC - COMPLEX FRACTURE

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, etiology, treatment modalities, morbidity and types of diplopia in zygomatic complex fracture. Fifty patients with zygomatic-complex fractures who had attended the out-patient review clinic at Manchester Royal Infirmary in Manchester United Kingdom formed the study group. Information for the study was gathered from patient records from 10 Jan 2004 to 20 July 2004. Ethical approval was gained from the local research ethics committee. Fifty study group patients were examined clinically and radiographically. They also underwent orthoptic investigation. Out of these nine patients presented with diplopia as a result of their injury and following surgical exploration of the infraorbital floor. Eight patients had diplopia in the upward gaze and one patient experienced diplopia in the downward gaze. One patient had persistent diplopia at 12 weeks. In patients who presented with diplopia, assault was the most common aetiolog (66%). Statistically analysis revealed a significant difference between assault as the aetiology and the types of diplopia (p<0.02). Fifty-six percent of patients had surgical intervention for diplopia between 8 and 13 days post injury. In this patient group, the subcilliary incision was a common surgical approach for the orbital floor (40%). Diplopia was the presenting symptom in 6 patients with zygomatic-complex fractures involving the orbital floor and also in 4 patients with body complex fractures. Diplopia resolved within one week after surgery in two patients (22.2%) and within 3 weeks after surgical intervention for 6 patients (66.7%). However, one patient recovered after 12 weeks. This study highlights the importance of evaluating the symptoms of diplopia and its appropriate management. Indications for early operation are: symptomatic diplopia with positive forced duction and CT evidence of entrapment of orbital fat or septae with no improvement over 1 to 2 weeks.
Wind-induced tower crane vibration and safety evaluation

The maximum wind load direction of tower crane is considered to be perpendicular to its jib. The interference effects of its different segments and across-wind loads are ignored in traditional crane safety evaluation. This study proposes a general scheme for the safety evaluation of tower cranes under fluctuating wind loads. The wind coefficients of a full-scale model of a tower crane were calculated by computational fluid dynamics, and then the time history of wind loads, simulated through the autoregressive method, were applied to the finite element model of a tower crane. The results reveal that the maximum along-wind load direction deflected 30°–60°, and the mean ratio of the absolute value of the across-wind coefficient to the along-wind coefficient of the tower crane was 8.56%, which indicated that the across-wind loads should be taken into account in wind-resistant design. Comparing the wind-induced responses of four typical wind directions, the maximum displacement, the bending stress and the axial stress of the tower crane occurred in the positive direction. Furthermore, the maximum acceleration of the cat-head was 0.028 m/s2, which met the comfort requirements of the operator. Although the tower crane met the strength and static stiffness requirements of design rules, the maximum bending stress at the junctions between the jib and the slewing platform, the counterweight and the counter-jib, exceeded the allowable stress, and the first modal of the tower crane was excited. These results warrant considering the effect of fluctuating wind loads in the safety evaluation of a tower crane.
The effect of polyphenols and vitamin E on the antioxidant status and meat quality of broiler chickens fed low-quality oil

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin E and polyphenols on the antioxidant potential and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with low-quality oil. The experimental materials comprised 120 male Ross 308 broilers (six treatments, 10 replications, two birds per replication). Dietary supplementation with vitamin E and/or polyphenols was applied in the following experimental design: group I (negative control) – without supplementation without low-quality oil; group II (positive control) – without supplementation + low-quality oil; group III – supplementation with 100 mg kg-1 of vitamin E+ low-quality oil; group IV – 200 mg kg-1 of vitamin E + low-quality oil; group V – 100 mg kg-1 of vitamin E and 100 mg kg-1 of polyphenols + low-quality oil; group VI – 200 mg kg-1 of polyphenols + low-quality oil. Rapeseed oil oxidised under laboratory conditions was added to the diets of broiler chickens from groups II to VI. The applied antioxidants had no effect on the growth performance of chickens fed oxidised oil. Increased dietary inclusion levels of vitamin E and/or polyphenols improved the antioxidant status in the blood and increased the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants in the liver and breast muscles of broilers fed low-quality oil. The tested antioxidants had no influence on carcass quality parameters in chickens fed oxidised oil. However, birds fed diets with the addition of vitamin E were characterised by a higher gizzard weight and higher pH of gizzard digesta. Dietary supplementation with vitamin E and polyphenols or polyphenols alone contributed to a lighter colour and lower pH of breast muscles and an increase in the content of fat and ash in the breast muscles of broilers fed oxidised oil. The breast muscles of birds given 100 or 200 mg kg-1 of supplemental vitamin E were characterised by higher concentrations of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and hypocholesterolemic fatty acids (DFAs), a more desirable DFA/OFA ratio, and a lower atherogenicity index (AI). Polyphenols combined with vitamin E can be a valuable component of diets for broiler chickens when the problem of low-quality oil occurs.
Boundedness and $K^2$ for log surfaces

Let $\epsilon, C$ be two positive real numbers, and $\mathcal C \subset \mathbb R$ be a DCC (descending chain condition) set. Let $(X, B = \sum b_j B_j)$ denote a projective surface with an $\mathbb R$-divisor. Then (1) The class $\{X\}$ of surfaces for which there exists a divisor $B$ such that $(X,B)$ is $\epsilon$-log terminal and $-(K_X + B)$ is nef (excluding only those for which at the same time $K_X\equiv 0$, $B=0$, and $X$ has at worst Du Val singularities), is bounded. (2) The set $\{(K_X + B)^2\}$ of squares for the semi log canonical pairs $(X, B)$ with ample $K_X + B$ and $b_j \in \mathcal C$, is a DCC set. (3) The class $\{(X,B)\}$ of pairs such that $(X, B)$ is semi log canonical, $K_X + B$ is ample, $(K_X + B)^2 = C$ and $b_j \in \mathcal C$, is bounded.
YouTube marketing communication demographic and usage variables influence on Gen Y's cognitive attitudes in South Africa and Romania

The primary purposes of this study are to consider the influence of YouTube marketing communication (YMC) on awareness and knowledge among Generation (Gen) Y cohort respondents in South Africa (SA) and Romania (RO) and to establish if country, demographic, and usage (independent) variables have an effect on this cognitive attitudinal association. Multistage sampling was employed, and a survey was conducted among 400 respondents in SA and 400 respondents in RO. Structural equation modelling was used to investigate the hypothesized associations. The findings confirm that awareness had a favorable influence on knowledge for the total sample, SA and RO. The results also show that awareness displayed a significantly larger positive effect on knowledge among Romanian Gen Y in comparison with South African Gen Y. This study confirms that age (demographic variable) and access, usage length, log‐on frequency, log‐on duration, and advertisement viewership numbers (usage variables) have a significant effect on cognitive attitudinal responses due to YMC among Gen Y in SA and RO. Organizations should consider adapting YMC strategies to stimulate awareness, which will stimulate favorable knowledge attitudinal responses, as well as consider the aforementioned demographic and usage variables when targeting the infamously unpredictable Gen Y due to the positive cognitive attitudinal association in developing countries.
Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic disease that results in variable and occasionally life-threatening manifestations. persons with SLE may experience a wide range of physical, psychological and social problems that affect quality of life. Aim of the work: Assess quality of life in the patients suffering from systemic lupus erythromatosus. Patients and Methods:The study was conducted on forty patients, with systemic lupus erythematosus [32 females (80%) and 8 males (20%)] and forty healthy adults of matched age and sex, as control group [30 female (80%) and 10 males (20%)]. The patients selected from the rheumatology outpatient clinic of Sohag University hospital. An informed written consent had been taken from all patients. Results: The increase in the disease activity, as assessed bysystemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) was significantly associated with more impaired quality of life as assessed by SF-36 and systemic lupus erythematosus quality of life questionnaire (SLEQOL). Conclusion:SLE patients have more significantly impaired quality of life, as assessed by short form-36(SF-36), and systemic lupus erythematosus quality of life questionnaire (SLEQOL) than the controls.
High Heat Tolerance Is Negatively Correlated with Heat Tolerance Plasticity in Nudibranch Mollusks

Rapid ocean warming may alter habitat suitability and population fitness for marine ectotherms. Susceptibility to thermal perturbations will depend in part on plasticity of a species’ upper thermal limits of performance (CTmax). However, we currently lack data regarding CTmax plasticity for several major marine taxa, including nudibranch mollusks, thus limiting predictive responses to habitat warming for these species. In order to determine relative sensitivity to future warming, we investigated heat tolerance limits (CTmax), heat tolerance plasticity (acclimation response ratio), thermal safety margins, temperature sensitivity of metabolism, and metabolic cost of heat shock in nine species of nudibranchs collected across a thermal gradient along the northeastern Pacific coast of California and held at ambient and elevated temperature for thermal acclimation. Heat tolerance differed significantly among species, ranging from 25.4 ° ± 0.5 ° C to 32.2 ° ± 1.8 ° C ( x ¯ ± SD ), but did not vary with collection site within species. Thermal plasticity was generally high ( 0.52 ± 0.06 , x ¯ ± SE ) and was strongly negatively correlated with CTmax in accordance with the trade-off hypothesis of thermal adaptation. Metabolic costs of thermal challenge were low, with no significant alteration in respiration rate of any species 1 h after exposure to acute heat shock. Thermal safety margins, calculated against maximum habitat temperatures, were negative for nearly all species examined ( −8.5 ° ± 5.3 ° C , x ¯ ± CI [confidence interval]). From these data, we conclude that warm adaptation in intertidal nudibranchs constrains plastic responses to acute thermal challenge and that southern warm-adapted species are likely most vulnerable to future warming.
PREPARING WORKPLACE-READY STUDENTS WITH DIGITAL MARKETING SKILLS

Digital marketing practice continues to grow along with the need for a qualified workforce. This paper presents a course design intended to teach students how to use relevant digital marketing tools and give them an end-to-end experience and managerial control over key resources. Students leave the course with real-world skills and items for their résumé to demonstrate workplace readiness. The project lays out how students create original content, perform keyword research, implement Google Ads and social media pay-per-click campaigns, analyze results, course correct, present a final report, and become Google Ads Certified. Innovation effectiveness is tested and reported.