Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aber ob die Karten voll ausgereizt sind-- : 10 Jahre Mitbestimmungsgesetz 1976 in der Bilanz

Die materialreiche empirische Untersuchung zehn Jahre nach der Verabschiedung des Mitbestimmungsgesetzes 1976 geht vor allem der Frage der praktischen Auswirkungen einer verstarkten Arbeitnehmerbeteiligung im Aufsichtsrat nach. Das nun vorliegende Ergebnis vermittelt ein aufschlusreiches Bild uber wesentliche Fragen wie z.B. Ablauf und Ergebnis der Aufsichtsratswahlen in den einzelnen Branchen, das Verhalten der leitenden Angestellten und Gewerkschaftsvertreter im Aufsichtsrat, die veranderte Informationspolitik der Unternehmen sowie die spezielle Rolle des »Arbeitsdirektors«. Fazit der Untersuchung sind einesteils erhebliche strukturbedingte Mangel fur eine wirksame Interessenvertretung im Vergleich zu den Moglichkeiten der Montanmitbestimmung. Abhangig von den jeweils gegebenen unternehmenspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen bestehen dennoch fur eine offensive Arbeitnehmervertretung ausbaufahige Mitbestimmungsmoglichkeiten. Im Zeichen der neuerlichen politischen Auseinandersetzung um den Fortbestand der qualifizierten Unternehmensmitbestimmung gewinnt diese Praxis-Bilanz ihre aktuelle Bedeutung. Mitbestimmung mus in ihren Auswirkungen fur die Betroffenen erfahrbar gemacht und weiterentwickelt werden, soll sie unter den sich verandernden technischen und okonomischen Bedingungen ihre Attraktivitat auch fur die Zukunft behalten.
The stabilization of tree-shape networks of beams with time delays in the boundary controls

In this paper we consider the dynamical stability of a tree-shape networks of Timoshenko beams with timedelay terms in the boundary controls. The Time-delay feedback controllers at the exterior vertices are designed to derive the beams back to its equilibrium position. We first get the wellposedness of the closed loop system. Under certain conditions, we show that this system is asymptotically stable. By spectral analysis, we also prove that there is a sequence of the generalized eigenvectors of the system operator that forms a Riesz basis with parentheses. Hence the spectrum determined growth condition holds. Finally, for a special case, we discuss the exponential stability of this closed loop system and give a simulation to support our results.
Robot Therapy in a Care House - Results of Case Studies -

Robot therapy for elderly residents in a care house has been conducted since June 2005. Two therapeutic seal robots were introduced and activated for over 9 hours every day to interact with the residents. This paper presents the results of this experiment. In order to investigate the psychological and social effects of the robots, the activities of the residents in public areas were recorded by video cameras during daytime hours (8:30-18:00) for over 2 months. In addition, the hormones 17-Ketosteroid sulfate (17-KS-S) and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) in the residents' urine were obtained and analyzed. The results of the urinary tests showed that the reactions of the subjects' vital organs to stress improved after the introduction of the robots. Furthermore, the results of the case studies indicate that the residents' social interaction increased through interaction with the seal robots
The Importance of Achievement Goals and Attitudes Towards Education for Explaining Adolescents' Career Decision Self-Efficacy

Previous research has acknowledged the relevance of individuals' perception of own abilities related to the vocational domain, namely career decision self-efficacy beliefs, for their professional success. In the present study, such beliefs were examined among a group of high school seniors who are facing the process of choosing what professional path to pursue after high school. In addition, students' achievement goals and attitudes towards education were also explored. Results indicate mastery approach, performance avoidance and work avoidance goals, as well as participation in extracurricular activities and attitudes towards education, as significant predictors of career decision self-efficacy. Findings indicate the relevance of academic experiences for the development of career decision self-efficacy and provide novel evidence regarding the complex relationship between individuals' educational and vocational considerations, and may be informative for designing future vocational guidance interventions targeted at adolescents transitioning into colleges or the job market, or individuals undergoing similar occupational transitions.
Parathyroid surgical failures with sufficient decline of intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels: unobserved multiple endocrine neoplasia as an explanation.

HYPOTHESIS A sufficient decline in levels of parathyroid hormone measured intraoperatively (ioPTH) precludes early and late surgical failures. DESIGN A case series of consecutive patients undergoing parathyroidectomy with ioPTH measurement. SETTING A university hospital. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTION Two hundred sixty-nine consecutive patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent first-time parathyroid surgery with ioPTH measurement were followed up for as long as 10 years after surgery. Data on all patients have been collected in a prospective database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Surgical failures up to 10 years after parathyroid surgery. RESULTS With an average follow-up of 3.6 years (range, 6-120 months), the overall cure rate was 96%. The ioPTH level correctly predicted long-term outcome in 248 (92%) of 269 patients. Six patients had a false-positive ioPTH finding. Five of these patients were found to have germline mutations in the gene for multiple endocrine neoplasia. The remaining patient has not undergone genetic testing. The mutations have rarely (n = 1) or never (n = 4) been described before, to our knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative measurement of PTH level has a high overall accuracy with a mean follow-up of 3.6 years. However, among the late surgical failures with false-positive ioPTH findings, overlooked mutations in the multiple endocrine neoplasia gene should be suspected, and therefore genetic analyses in these patients are of great importance.
Low molecular weight heparin stimulates myometrial contractility and cervical remodeling in vitro

Objectives. The low molecular weight heparin, Dalteparin, shortens human labor time. The aim of this study was to investigate if the mechanism behind this effect involves myometrial contractility and cervical ripening and if the anticoagulative activity is necessary for its effect. Design. Experimental in vitro study. Setting. Lund University and Karolinska Institute, Sweden. Methods. The effect of low molecular weight heparins with or without anticoagulative properties on myometrial contractility was measured in vitro on smooth muscle strips from biopsies obtained at elective cesarean sections. The effects on cervical ripening were assessed in cervical fibroblasts cultured from explants of cervical biopsies obtained at delivery. Main outcome measures. Mean force and number of contractions in uterine smooth muscle strips and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) secretion in cervical fibroblasts. Results. Myometrial smooth muscle strips pretreated with low molecular weight heparins showed increased contractile activity compared to untreated smooth muscle strips. Secretion of IL‐8 from cultured cervical fibroblasts was significantly increased after treatment with low molecular weight heparin. Both these effects were independent of anticoagulative activity of the low molecular weight heparin. Conclusions. A possible underlying mechanism for the shortened labor time after low molecular weight heparin treatment is enhanced myometrial contractility and an increased IL‐8 secretion in cervical fibroblast, mimicking the final cervical ripening in vivo. Our data support the notion that anticoagulant activity is not required to promote labor.
More than Fever: Thermoregulatory Responses to Immunological Stimulation and Consequences of Thermoregulatory Strategy on Innate Immunity in Gopher Tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus)

Organisms possess a range of thermoregulatory strategies that may vary in response to sickness, thereby driving important life-history consequences. Because the immune system is vital to maintaining organism function, understanding the suite of immune responses to infection indicates basic costs and benefits of physiological strategies. Here, we assessed consequences of thermoregulation and seasonality on immune function in both immunologically stimulated and nonstimulated gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus). An ectothermic vertebrate was used as an experimental model because the effects of thermoregulation on immunity remain understudied and are of increasing importance in light of anthropogenic alterations to thermal environments. We found that G. polyphemus increased body temperature (Tb) at 1 h after injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) when compared with saline controls (P = 0.04), consistent with behavioral fever. LPS increased plasma bactericidal ability (BA; P = 0.006), reduced plasma iron concentration (P = 0.041), and increased heterophil∶lymphocyte ratios (P < 0.001). In nonstimulated animals, thermoregulatory strategy had a strong effect on innate immunity, which demonstrated that individuals have the ability to facultatively adjust immune function when infection burden is low; this relationship was not present in LPS-injected animals, which suggested that animals stimulated with LPS maximize bactericidal ability independently of temperature. Seasonal acclimation state did not influence responses to LPS, although baseline plasma iron was significantly lower in animals acclimated to winter. These results support that a trade-off exists between immunity and other conflicting physiological interests. Moreover, these results clearly demonstrate the ability of individuals to modulate immune function as a direct result of thermoregulatory decisions.
How Do School Connectedness and Attachment to Parents Interrelate in Predicting Adolescent Depressive Symptoms?

In this study, we tested whether school connectedness mediated or moderated the effect of parental attachment on adolescent depressive symptoms. A sample of 153 secondary school students ranging from 8th to 12th grade were assessed using measures of parental attachment, school connectedness, and depressive symptoms. Independently, parental attachment and school connectedness accounted for 28% and 49% of the variance in depressive symptoms respectively, whereas collectively they accounted for 53% of the variance. School connectedness only partially mediated the relationship between parental attachment and depressive symptoms, and there was no significant moderation effect.
Low Participation of Female Students in Primary Education

Many individuals and institutions have cooperated and assisted in the successful completion of this study. At UNESCO-IICBA special thanks go to Dr. Fay Chung, Director of the Institute for giving me this opportunity to work on the project. She has been a source of help in a variety of ways from the early start of the project to its conclusion. Prof. Almaz Eshete, a senior consultant at UNESCO-IICBA has helped from reading the proposals up to commenting and checking all the preparation of research instruments and the draft report. Mr. Dega Gurmessa a senior accountant at IICBA has done his best to settle the technicalities concerning financial matters for the project. Henok Workye, Medhanit Hailu and Dawit Alemayehu of IICBA helped me to enter data into the SPSS program. They deserve special thanks. My postgraduate students, Markos and Legas in Amhara and Firdissa in Oromia regions were of a great help in data collection and I would like to thank them all. Regional Education Bureau Heads and their staff members at the woredas or districts cooperated without reservation. Finally, I will like to thank all participants of the study who devoted their time and energy to make this study a success.
Intracoronary gamma-radiation therapy after angioplasty inhibits recurrence in patients with in-stent restenosis.

BACKGROUND Treatment of in-stent restenosis presents a critical limitation of intracoronary stent implantation. Ionizing radiation has been shown to decrease neointimal formation within stents in animal models and in initial clinical trials. We studied the effects of intracoronary gamma-radiation therapy versus placebo on the clinical and angiographic outcomes of patients with in-stent restenosis. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred thirty patients with in-stent restenosis underwent successful coronary intervention and were then blindly randomized to receive either intracoronary gamma-radiation with (192)Ir (15 Gy) or placebo. Four independent core laboratories blinded to the treatment protocol analyzed the angiographic and intravascular ultrasound end points of restenosis. Procedural success and in-hospital and 30-day complications were similar among the groups. At 6 months, patients assigned to radiation therapy required less target lesion revascularization and target vessel revascularization (9 [13.8%] and 17 [26.2%], respectively) compared with patients assigned to placebo (41 [63.1%, P=0.0001] and 44 [67.7%, P=0.0001], respectively). Binary angiographic restenosis was lower in the irradiated group (19% versus 58% for placebo, P=0.001). Freedom from major cardiac events was lower in the radiation group (29.2% versus 67.7% for placebo, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Intracoronary gamma-radiation used as adjunct therapy for patients with in-stent restenosis significantly reduces both angiographic and clinical restenosis.
α-Tocopherol Increases the Intracellular Glutathione Level in HaCaT Keratinocytes

f -Tocopherol is a lipophilic vitamin that exhibits an antioxidative activity. The purpose of this study was to clarify the roles of f -tocopherol in the regulation of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels in HaCaT keratinocytes. When HaCaT keratinocytes were cultivated with f -tocopherol for 24 h, the intracellular GSH was increased at every concentration of f -tocopherol tested. Furthermore, the HaCaT keratinocytes cultured with f -tocopherol at 50 w M for 24 h exhibited resistance against H 2 O 2 . However, a short exposure of HaCaT keratinocytes to f -tocopherol for 1 h did not influence either the GSH level or the resistance to H 2 O 2 . These findings suggest that GSH, which is inductively synthesized by f -tocopherol, effectively reduces exogenous oxidative stress. To evaluate the effect of f -tocopherol on the GSH level, BSO, which is a typical inhibitor of n -glutamylcysteine synthetase ( n -GCS), was used. When BSO was added to HaCaT keratinocytes, no action of f -tocopherol on the GSH level was observed. On the other hand, f -tocopherol resulted in the up-regulation of n -GCS-HS (heavy subunit) mRNA. In addition, water soluble f -tocopherol derivatives ( f -tocopherol phosphate and trolox) caused no changes in GSH level. From these results, it was concluded that f -tocopherol increases the intracellular GSH level of HaCaT keratinocytes through the up-regulation of n -GCS-HS mRNA.
Influence of the administration schedule on the therapeutic effect of interleukin‐2

The local and systemic therapeutic effects of multiple peritumoral injections of recombinant human interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) were tested against the syngeneic, immunogenic mammary carcinoma MC2 implanted subcutaneously into C3H/He mice. Multiple (12) low‐dose injections had a greater local therapeutic effect than the same total amount of IL‐2 given in 2 injections. Peri‐tumoral injections were equally effective in inhibiting the growth of the injected tumors in normal and in immunized mice. The systemic therapeutic effect was manifested by the inhibition of tumors implanted contra‐laterally to the injected tumors, and was only discernible in non‐immunized mice.
Dynamique du dépôt en collecteur d'assainissement

Ce travail de recherche s'attache a comprendre les principes de dynamique du depot en collecteur d'assainissement, en relation avec les sequences d'alimentation de l'ouvrage et les caracteristiques de ce materiau particulier. Des observations sont realisees a marseille dans le cas d'un collecteur unitaire, visitable, equipe d'avaloirs non selectifs. Des profils en long de hauteur de depot sont mesures deux a trois fois par semaine, tous les 10 metres, le long des 460 metres ensables de cet ouvrage specifiquement amenage pour la metrologie. Les resultats obtenus pendant les deux premieres annees sont analyses en terme de hauteurs et de volumes de depot en relation avec la pluviometrie correspondante, graphiquement et par traitement numerique de ces series chronologiques. Les pluies peuvent etre responsables d'augmentations brusques du volume des depots et d'erosions tres localisees, en fonction des singularites existantes dans le collecteur. Les ecoulements de temps sec regularisent la surface du depot et constituent un nouveau lit dont la pente se raidit au fur et a mesure des apports. Ce phenomene contribue a augmenter la capacite de transport solide ce qui, a terme, peut conduire vers une situation d'equilibre. Les conditions aux limites de depot sont alors etudiees en fonction des caracteristiques de l'ecoulement, et des solides a transporter. Un modele global permet de tester la coherence de cette description. Des principes de solutions techniques pour lutter contre l'ensablement des ouvrages sont egalement proposes
Effects of Labrasol on the corneal drug delivery of baicalin

Purpose: To investigate the use of Labrasol in ocular drug delivery system. Methods: The in vivo ocular irritation of Labrasol was tested by pathological section observation using rabbits. The effects of Labrasol on corneal permeability of baicalin was investigated in vitro, using isolated rabbit corneas. The pharmacokinetics was evaluated by microdialysis in the rabbit aqueous humors. Results: The results of the ocular irritation studies showed that Labrasol was non-irritant at the concentrations studied (0.5–3.0%(v/v)), while Labrasol produced slight irritation at a concentration of 5.0%(v/v). For the in vitro study, with Labrasol at concentrations of 1.5%, 2.0%, and 3.0%(v/v), the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) was 1.69-, 3.14-, and 2.23- fold of baicalin solution, respectively. In the pharmacokinetics studies, the AUC value of baicalin solution with 2.0% and 3.0%(v/v) Labrasol were 4.7- and 5.6-fold of that of the control group (p < 0.01), and the Cmax value of baicalin solution with 2.0% and 3.0%(v/v) Labrasol vs the control group were 3.2- and 5.7-fold (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Labrasol may have potential clinical benefits in improving the ocular drug delivery of baicalin.
Prevention of aspiration pneumonitis in the obstetric patient

Perioperative pulmonary aspiration of gastric content in obstetric patients is associated with significant morbidity in terms of need for intensive care and a prolonged hospital stay (1,2), may have fatal consequences (3,4) and has obvious medicolegal implications. When Mendelson published his classic paper (3) on pulmonary aspiration of gastric content in obstetric patients 50 years ago, he included several recommendations on how to prevent this anaesthe sia-related complication. These recommendations are still valid.
HCV avidity as a tool for detection of recent HCV infection: Sensitivity depends on HCV genotype

Accurate detection of incident hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is required to target and evaluate public health interventions, but acute infection is largely asymptomatic and difficult to detect using traditional methods. Our aim was to evaluate a previously developed HCV avidity assay to distinguish acute from chronic HCV infection. Plasma samples collected from recent seroconversion subjects in two large Australian cohorts were tested using the avidity assay, and the avidity index (AI) was calculated. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low/high AI were compared via logistic regression. Sensitivity and specificity of the assay for recent infection and the mean duration of recent infection (MDRI) were estimated stratified by HCV genotype. Avidity was assessed in 567 samples (from 215 participants), including 304 with viraemia (defined as ≥250 IU/mL). An inverse relationship between AI and infection duration was found in viraemic samples only. The adjusted odds of a low AI (<30%) decreased with infection duration (odds ratio [OR] per week of 0.93; 95% CI:0.89‐0.97), and were lower for G1 compared with G3 samples (OR = 0.14; 95% CI:0.05‐0.39). Defining recent infection as <26 weeks, sensitivity (at AI cut‐off of 20%) was estimated at 48% (95% CI:39‐56%), 36% (95% CI:20‐52%), and 65% (95% CI:54‐75%) and MDRI was 116, 83, and 152 days for all genotypes, G1, and G3, respectively. Specificity (≥52 weeks infection duration, all genotypes) was 96% (95% CI:90‐98%). HCV avidity testing has utility for detecting recent HCV infection in patients, and for assessing progress in reaching incidence targets for eliminating transmission, but variation in assay performance across genotype should be recognized.
Attenuation of isoproterenol-induced cardiac fibrosis in transgenic rats harboring an angiotensin-(1-7)-producing fusion protein in the heart

Objective: It has been shown that Ang-(1-7) has cardioprotective actions. To directly investigate the effects of Ang-(1-7) specifically in the heart, we generated and characterized transgenic (TG) rats which express an Ang-(1-7)-producing fusion protein driven by the α-MHC promoter. Methods and Results: After microinjection of the transgene into fertilized rat zygotes, we obtained four different transgenic lines. Homozygous animals were analyzed with regard to the expression profile of the transgene by ribonuclease protection assay. Transgene expression was detected mainly in the heart with weak or no expression in other organs. Heterozygous TG(hA-1-7)L7301 rats presented a significant increase in cardiac Ang-(1-7) concentration compared with control rats (17.1±2.1 versus 3.9±1.4 pg/mg protein in SD rats). Radiotelemetry analysis revealed that TG rats presented no significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate compared with normal rats. Overexpression of Ang-(1-7) in the heart produced slight improvement in resting cardiac function (+ dT/dt: 81530±1305.0 versus 77470±345.5 g/s bpm in SD rats, p < 0.05), which was in keeping with the enhanced [Ca2+] handling observed in cardiomyocytes of TG rats. TG(hA-1-7)L7301 rats also showed a greater capacity to withstand stress since TG rats showed a less pronounced deposition of collagen type III and fibronectin induced by isoproterenol treatment in the subendocardial area than in corresponding controls. In addition, hearts from TG rats showed reduced incidence and duration of reperfusion arrhythmias in comparison with SD rats. Conclusion: These results indicate that Ang-(1-7) has blood pressure-independent, antifibrotic effects, acting directly in the heart.
The lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor ... 4 years later.

A comparison of this review with the review on the LH/CG receptor that we published in this journal 4 yr ago (1) clearly shows that the field has advanced tremendously in this short period of time. Many of the questions that were unanswered then have now been conclusively answered. On the other hand, as is always the case, the new knowledge generated has also resulted in many new questions that are yet to be answered. Hopefully it is clear from this review that the knowledge and experimental tools generated during the last 4 yr have given us new ammunition to address such important issues as the elucidation of the structural determinants of the LH/CG receptor that are involved in the different functions of this receptor, as well as on the molecular bases of receptor activation, inactivation, and regulation. In fact, since we finished writing this review in September of 1992, we are certain that some of the questions left unanswered here will already have an answer in 1993 when this review is published.