Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-End Probabilistic Sea-Level Projections

In the area of sea-level rise, recent research has focused on assessing either likely or high end future sea levels, but less attention has been given to “low-end” sea-level projections, exploring best-case potential sea-level changes and providing the basis for estimating minimum adaptation needs. Here, we provide global and regional probabilistic sea-level projections using conservative projections of glaciers and ice-sheets melting and a selection of models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) delivering moderate thermal expansion. Our low-end sea-level projections are higher than previously estimated because they rely on modeling outcomes only, and do not add any expert judgement, aiming essentially at delivering more realistic upper tails. While there are good reasons to believe that our projections are excessively optimistic, they can be used as low-end sea-level projections in order to inform users with low aversion to uncertainty. Our low-end sea-level projection exceeds 0.5 m along most inhabited coasts by 2100 for business as usual greenhouse gas emissions (RCP8.5), which is relevant for adaptation practitioners as long as efficient climate change mitigation policies are not implemented. This means that without efficient climate mitigation, an acceleration of sea-level rise can hardly be avoided during the 21st century.
The Politics of Discontinuity and Its Medium Term Policy Outcomes: Evidence from Ghana

ABSTRACT It is common knowledge in Ghana that during political transitions, programs set in previous Medium Term Development Plans (MTDP) by prior governments are abandoned without regard for their wider national implications. While the economic impacts of these political transitions have been researched, till date no known studies have taken a holistic look at the relation between political transition and the level of MTDP target achievement. This article attempts to fill this research gap using Ghana as a case and the policy learning and political business cycle literatures as organizing frames. Using annual MTDP data and semi-structured interviews with 25 officials who were involved in the implementation of MDTPs at the national and local government levels, this article finds that aberrations in target achievements across the entire period between 2001 and 2016 were the result of financial constraints and the pressures to adjust to political change.
Comparison Between Fluid Simulation With Test Particles and Hybrid Simulation for the Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability

A quantitative investigation of plasma transport rate via the Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) instability can improve our understanding of solar‐wind‐magnetosphere coupling processes. Simulation studies provide a broad range of transport rates by using different measurements based on different initial conditions and under different plasma descriptions, which makes cross literature comparison difficult. In this study, the KH instability under similar initial and boundary conditions (i.e., applicable to the Earth's magnetopause environment) is simulated by Hall magnetohydrodynamics with test particles and hybrid simulations. Both simulations give similar particle mixing rates. However, plasma is mainly transported through a few big magnetic islands caused by KH‐driven reconnection in the fluid simulation, while magnetic islands in the hybrid simulation are small and patchy. Anisotropic temperature can be generated in the nonlinear stage of the KH instability, in which specific entropy and magnetic moment are not conserved. This can have an important consequence on the development of secondary processes within the KH instability as temperature asymmetry can provide free energy for wave growth. Thus, the double‐adiabatic theory is not applicable and a more sophisticated equation of state is desired to resolve mesoscale process (e.g., KH instability) for a better understanding of the multi‐scale coupling process.
Resolving tectonic settings of ancient magmatic suites using structural, geochemical and isotopic constraints: the example of the St Peter Suite, southern Australia

Abstract Reconstructing ancient tectonic environments is inherently difficult and requires the integration of many datasets. Here we attempt to reconstruct the tectonic setting of a Proterozoic magmatic rock suite from the Archean to Mesoproterozoic Gawler Craton, South Australia. We evaluate previous models of subduction or non-subduction tectonics for the St Peter Suite through field observations coupled with geochemical and isotopic data. Field observations indicate the presence of mafic magma chambers, felsic plutons and zones of mixing represented by multiphase plutons and zones of magma transfer. Syn-magmatic and solid-state deformation fabrics suggest magmatism was associated with a compressional tectonic regime, at least during some stages of magmatism. Zircon U–Pb geochronology suggests magmatism occurred between ca 1633 and ca 1608 Ma, an interval of ca 25 Myr. Mafic rocks are tholeiitic and enrichment in high field strength and light rare earth elements supports a modified mantle source region. Mafic rocks have εNd1620 Ma values around 0, and zircon εHf(t) values around 4, supporting minor crustal contamination. Felsic plutons have a geochemical signature similar to average continental crust, εNd1620 Ma between –3.7 and 0.4, and zircon Lu–Hf isotopic compositions that yield to εHf(t) values between –1.8 and 7.7, suggesting they were derived from fractionation of enriched tholeiitic parent magmas. A model for the formation of the St Peter Suite that is most consistent with the available data is one that places the magmatism in a broadly continental magmatic arc setting, albeit one in which little or no Archean crust was involved. Potentially this magmatic arc could have been built on a thinned, or hyper-extended continental margin. The integration of structural, geochemical and isotopic constraints has provided a more holistic view of the St Peter Suite petrogenesis than previously available. Highlights Evaluation of models of subduction vs non-subduction tectonics for formation of Paleoproterozoic magmatic suite Evidence for syn-magmatic compression and mafic–felsic magma mingling Isotopically juvenile (Nd--Sr--Hf) with mantle-like zircon δ18O values Continental arc setting proposed, possibly on hyper-extended continental margin
Le sommet de l’iceberg ? Colonisation pionnière et néolithisation de la France méditerranéenne

En Mediterranee occidentale, l’emergence des societes agro-pastorales, au debut du 6e millenaire avant notre ere, est desormais expliquee par un modele de colonisation de petits groupes originaires du complexe Impressa de la peninsule italique, precedant de plusieurs siecles la phase d’expansion de la culture cardiale. Sur le littoral mediterraneen francais, les gisements archeologiques qui permettent de caracteriser cette etape precoce du processus de neolithisation sont encore rares et la documentation qu’ils livrent est de valeur tres inegale. La decouverte d’une occupation Impressa sur le site de la ZAC de la Farigoule 2, localise a Aubord, en Languedoc mediterraneen, permet de consolider nos connaissances sur ce phenomene historique majeur. Bien que d’ampleur limitee, ce gisement documente l’installation perenne d’un groupe Impressa : temoignage de la pratique de l’agriculture cerealiere, diversite des activites artisanales, outils de potiers. Les ressources locales sont exploitees : matieres premieres siliceuses, terres argileuses, galets de roche tenace. Neanmoins, l’apport de produits acquis a plusieurs centaines de kilometres de distance renforce l’hypothese du deplacement pionnier de groupes humains emportant avec eux leur bagage technique, economique et culturel. Reintegrees dans le contexte du sud de la France et plus generalement de Mediterranee occidentale, ces nouvelles donnees permettent de realiser un bilan des connaissances sur ces impacts Impressa precoces et d’ouvrir la discussion sur la distribution spatiale de ces implantations pionnieres, les liens de filiation avec les facies cardiaux qui se developperont ulterieurement ainsi que sur les dynamiques spatio-temporelles de la neolithisation ouest-mediterraneenne.
Retrospective Analysis of Pesticide Poisoning in Rural Area

Acute pesticide poisoning is an important professional disease and public health problem in both undeveloped and developing countries (1-3). In many countries, the rate of pesticide poisonings is not known due to the inadequacies and weaknesses in the recording systems (4,5). Moreover, the ease with which pesticides can be obtained can increase the poisoning rate (1,5). Many of the pesticides responsible for poisoning people are neurotoxic agents, such as cholinesterase inhibitors. The soluble lipid forms of the pesticides in the organophosphate group, especially, can lead to long term systemic effects by accumulating in the liver and brain (6). In addition, severe poisoning related to certain organochlorines can lead to status epilepticus (7). Acute exposure to phosphite, which is another type of pesticide, via digestion can affect many organs, and it can also lead to death as a result of cardiac insufficiency. Individuals lose their lives due to exposure, despite intensive care, because there are no special antidotes for these products.
Contests of legitimacy and value: the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons and the logic of prohibition

The recently adopted Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) has caused much debate and controversy in global nuclear politics. Given that the stated goal of the TPNW supporters (states and NGOs alike) is to embed the treaty in the structures of nuclear governance and to strengthen its normative power, how likely is the TPNW to achieve these objectives? The article argues that the unique structures of legitimacy and value within which nuclear weapons are enmeshed place particular complications on the normative force of the TPNW as compared to previous humanitarian arms control initiatives, which has implications for the way in which the TPNW can function to consolidate a prohibitionary norm on nuclear weapons possession. The article uses the framing of legitimacy to analyse the complex structures within which the TPNW was adopted and within which it will enter into force, particularly focusing on the TPNW's relationship to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The article concludes that consolidation may require a further challenge to the existing structures of nuclear order than state actors have, so far, been willing to make. This work is based on first-hand observations from the TPNW negotiations and interviews with civil society actors at the United Nations in New York in June and July 2017.
Linking transformational leadership and organizational performance: An empirical investigation of manufacturing firms in Vietnam

DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2019/12-2/10 ABSTRACT. The study highlight the implications of Transformational Leadership, examining its role in predicting Organizational Performance. The study also investigates the mediating role of Organizational Learning, Organizational Innovation, and Organizational Culture. Although these mediate relationships are very important for improving Organizational Performance, prior studies have not usually examined them. A study was carried out on a sample including 314 Vietnamese manufacturing firms. The findings indicated that Transformational Leadership can foster Organizational Performance through Organizational Learning, Organizational Innovation, and Organizational Culture. Furthermore, Organizational Learning and Organizational Culture influence Organizational Performance positively, both directly and indirectly through Organizational Innovation. The findings revealed that Organizational Innovation has a positive relationship with Organizational Performance.
Monitoring of Nitrogen and Grain Protein Content in Winter Wheat Based on Sentinel-2A Data

Grain protein content (GPC) is an important indicator of wheat quality. Earlier estimation of wheat GPC based on remote sensing provided effective decision to adapt optimized strategies for grain harvest, which is of great significance for agricultural production. The objectives of this field study are: (i) To assess the ability of spectral vegetation indices (VIs) of Sentinel 2 data to detect the wheat nitrogen (N) attributes related to the grain quality of winter wheat production, and (ii) to examine the accuracy of wheat N status and GPC estimation models based on different VIs and wheat nitrogen parameters across Analytical Spectra Devices (ASD) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) hyper-spectral data-simulated sentinel data and the real Sentinel-2 data. In this study, four nitrogen parameters at the wheat anthesis stage, including plant nitrogen accumulation (PNA), plant nitrogen content (PNC), leaf nitrogen accumulation (LNA), and leaf nitrogen content (LNC), were evaluated for their relationship between spectral parameters and GPC. Then, a multivariate linear regression method was used to establish the wheat nitrogen and GPC estimation model through simulated Sentinel-2A VIs. The coefficients of determination (R2) of four nitrogen parameter models were all greater than 0.7. The minimum R2 of the prediction model of wheat GPC constructed by four nitrogen parameters combined with VIs was 0.428 and the highest R2 was 0.467. The normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) of the four nitrogen estimation models ranged from 26.333% to 29.530% when verified by the ground-measured data collected from the Beijing suburbs, and the corresponding nRMSE for the GPC-predicted models ranged from 17.457% to 52.518%. The accuracy of the estimated model was verified by UAV hyper-spectral data which had resized to different spatial resolution collected from the National Experimental Station for Precision Agriculture. The normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) of the four nitrogen estimation models ranged from 16.9% to 37.8%, and the corresponding nRMSE for the GPC-predicted models ranged from 12.3% to 13.2%. The relevant models were also verified by Sentinel-2A data collected in 2018 while the minimum nRMSE for GPC invert model based on PNA was 7.89% and the maximum nRMSE of the GPC model based on LNC was 12.46% in Renqiu district, Hebei province. The nRMSE for the wheat nitrogen estimation model ranged from 23.200% to 42.790% for LNC and PNC. These data demonstrate that freely available Sentinel-2 imagery can be used as an important data source for wheat nutrition and grain quality monitoring.
Brief communication: Updated GAMDAM glacier inventory over high-mountain Asia

Abstract. The original Glacier Area Mapping for Discharge from the Asian Mountains (GAMDAM) glacier inventory was the first methodologically consistent dataset for high-mountain Asia. Nonetheless, the GAMDAM inventory underestimated glacier area, as it did not include steep ice- and snow-covered slopes or shaded components. During revision of the inventory, Landsat imagery free of shadow, cloud, and seasonal snow cover was selected for the period 1990–2010, after which >90 % of the glacier area was delineated. The updated GAMDAM inventory, comprised of 453 Landsat images, includes 134 770 glaciers with a total area of 100 693±11 790 km2.
Analysis of the Impact of Emergencies on Traffic Capacity under BA Network and the Application of the Static Local Routing Strategy

Emergencies in cities, which happen from time to time, greatly affect the normal operation of the traffic network, and even cause traffic congestions. Combined with the impact of the emergencies on the node transmitting capacity, a dynamic model of traffic network was established on the basis of the scale-free BA network. In the model, the impact of the emergencies on the network traffic was analyzed, and the optimal parameters under different levels of emergencies were obtained by applying the static local routing strategy to the emergency models. The simulation results showed that optimized routing strategy improved the generation rate of the network critical information packets, making the distribution of nodes more balanced, the path finding better, and the average transmission time less, so that the congestion of the node data packets was effectively solved. As a result, the impact of the emergencies on the network transportation was reduced and the traffic congestion caused by emergencies was effectively alleviated.
Algorithms on vector sets

Hirschberg [ 1 9 7 8 a , l g 7 8 b ] and Kosaraju [ 1 9 7 9 ] have recent ly Invt~st tgated t he problem of determining whether a given k-vector is an element of a set of n k v e c t o r s . They assumed only the data structure of a sor ted array, tha t is, t ha t the v e c t o r s have been sor ted Into lexicographlc order. The best res=Jlts In this model are by Kosaraju, who has given upper and lower bounds on the number of ( t e r n a r y ) compar isons used In array searching (which we denote by A(n,k)) of Ig n + (k ig n ) t / 2 / 2 h(k) _< A(n,k) _< Ig n + ( k l ) (2 Ig n) 1 /2 ÷ 2k ÷ 0 ( 1 ) , w h e r e h(k) is a funct ton of k only. tn thts note we will invest igate an algorithm t h a t uses a new data s t ruc tu re to achieve the fas ter search time of
Autonomous and Real-time Rock Image Classification using Convolutional Neural Networks

Autonomous image recognition has numerous potential applications in the field of planetary science and geology. For instance, having the ability to classify images of rocks would allow geologists to have immediate feedback without having to bring back samples to the laboratory. Also, planetary rovers could classify rocks in remote places and even in other planets without needing human intervention. Shu et al. classified 9 different types of rock images using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) with the image features extracted autonomously. Through this method, the authors achieved a test accuracy of 96.71%. In this research, Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) have been used to classify the same set of rock images. Results show that a 3-layer network obtains an average accuracy of 99.60% across 10 trials on the test set. A version of Self-taught Learning was also implemented to prove the generalizability of the features extracted by the CNN. Finally, one model has been chosen to be deployed on a mobile device to demonstrate practicality and portability. The deployed model achieves a perfect classification accuracy on the test set, while taking only 0.068 seconds to make a prediction, equivalent to about 14 frames per second.
Career Guidance in Career Planning among Secondary School Students

Career choice is one of the key decisions among student's life. Correct decision will give success in their professional life. The study objective is to determine role of career guidance in professional career choice among secondary school students in Karachi, Pakistan. It’s a Cross sectional study and 489 participants were selected through simple random sampling. Structured and Validated questionnaire were used. Chi square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association of career guidance in career planning. Mean age and standard deviation of participants were 17.13 ±1.29. Most of males (46% and 27%) seeking assistant for education related and career counseling respectively and after adjusting covariates revealed that male’s gender, students scored high grades and high education level of parents were more likely OR 2.33 OR 2.05 and OR 1.99 respectively) to seeking assistance from counselors in career guidance, while students with lower educational aspirations were least likely (OR 0.78) to seek counselors for career planning. Study found that male students and parent’s education level were important role in career guidance seeking. There is need for awareness of career guidance through workshops, seminars and media for promoting career guidance among students.
Nowa metoda wyznaczenia pola powierzchni skóry przedramienia i dłoni wykorzystująca sztuczną sieć neuronową

W artykule przedstawiono rozbiezności pomiedzy wartościami pola powierzchni skory obliczonymi za pomocą znanych metod a ich rzeczywistymi wartościami. Wykorzystując skaner 3D o wysokiej dokladności, zmierzono pole powierzchni skory przedramienia i dloni. Zaobserwowano, ze bledy obliczen są w wysokim stopniu skorelowane z wartościami BMI badanych osob. W grupie osob o BMI ponizej 20 stwierdzono maksymalny bląd wzgledny wynoszący -8,5%, natomiast w grupie osob o BMI powyzej 25 odnotowano bledy kilkakrotnie wyzsze, w skrajnym przypadku siegające 27%. W celu redukcji bledow zaproponowano podejście alternatywne, bazujące na wykorzystaniu sztucznej sieci neuronowej.
Steel Surface Defect Classification Via Deep Learning

Deep learning and image processing methods have taken place in many parts of our lives, as well as in the quality control stages of production lines. The aim of this study is to train and use a deep learning model to improve quality management using limited data and computing power. To achieve that, deep learning for quality control models were trained by classifying six different steel surface defect images in the NEU-DET dataset. Xception, ResNetV2 152, VGG19 and InceptionV3 architectures were used to train the model. High accuracy was obtained with both Xception and ResNetV2 152.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INITIAL RETURN PADA PENAWARAN PERDANA SAHAM DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA SAAT KRISIS FINANSIAL GLOBAL PERIODE 2006-2008

This objective of the research is to analyze influence of Initial Return on global financial crisis period in the period 2006-2008, obtained from non-financial information and financial support for taken into consideration in decisions to invest in companies that do an IPO on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Tests conducted on 45 companies that went public in the year 2006-2008 in the Indonesia stock exchange, the sample selection method sampling purposive. The main issues underlying this research is to determine the influence of company size, earnings per share, price earning ratio, the level of leverage, return on total assets, the percentage of old shareholders, auditor reputation and the reputation of underwriters, the initial period of return on the global financial crisis. The results showed that simultaneous testing of a significant effect between the independent variables both financial and non financial measures consist of the company, earnings per share, price earning ratio, the level of leverage, return on total assets, the percentage of old shareholders, auditor reputation, and underwriter's reputation with its dependent variable is initial return on the global financial crisis period of 2006-2008. While on a partial test of financial information variable earnings per share which is partially a significant effect on initial returns, and on non-financial information that affects a significant is auditor reputation ofthe initial return.