Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergency Contraceptives: Knowledge and Practice towards Its Use among Ethiopian Female College Graduating Students

Introduction Ethiopia has a high incidence of unwanted pregnancies and incomplete and unsafe abortions, particularly among adolescents. This can be avoided by using different contraceptive methods including emergency contraceptives (EC). This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of EC among female college graduating students in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 214 female students selected from two randomly selected colleges. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 20.1. Level of significance was taken at P <0.05. Results The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 21.06 (±2.14) years. Of the 200 (93.5%) study participants who had ever heard of ECs, 140 (70.0%) had good knowledge. Among the 214 graduating female students, 66 (33.0%) had ever used EC. Being above the age of 20 years old, father's and mother's literacy were found to be determinants of knowledge of EC. Moreover, knowledge was the only determinant factor of practice of EC. Conclusion Most of the respondents had relatively good knowledge of EC. The study revealed that female students of older age and higher educational status of parents had higher knowledge and practice of EC.
Investigation of Nonmotor Symptoms in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Different Clinical Types of Parkinson's Disease

Background Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) are prodromal characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD). The first-degree relatives (FDR) of PD patients had a higher risk of PD and also had more NMS. Objective To delineate NMS in FDR of patients with different clinical types of PD. Methods A total of 98 PD probands were recruited; 256 siblings of them were enrolled in the FDR group. Various scales were used to assess NMS, including depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, insomnia, constipation, excessive daytime sleepiness, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), and restless legs syndrome (RLS). The incidences of NMS were further compared between the FDR groups of PD with different types. Results The FDR of early-onset PD (EOP) showed a higher incidence of moderate to severe depression (OR = 4.08; 95% CI: 1.12–14.92; P=0.033), anxiety (OR = 4.22; 95% CI: 1.87–9.52; P=0.001), and excessive daytime sleepiness (OR = 3.40; 95% CI: 1.00–11.48; P=0.049) than the FDR of late-onset PD (LOP). It was also found that RBD (OR = 11.65; 95% CI: 3.82–35.54; P < 0.001), constipation (OR = 4.94; 95% CI: 1.85–13.21; P=0.001), sleep disorders (OR = 4.51; 95% CI: 1.73–11.78; P=0.002), cognitive impairment (OR = 3.55; 95% CI: 1.62–7.77; P=0.002), and anxiety (OR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.32–4.71; P=0.005) were more frequent in FDR of tremor-dominant PD (TDP) than in FDR of non-tremor-dominant PD (NTDP). Conclusions The siblings of patients with EOP and TDP have more NMS, presuming that they have a higher risk in the PD prodromal stage. Whether they have a greater possibility to progress into PD requires further investigation.
An Evaluation of Weighting Methodology in an RDD Survey with Multiple Population Controls

To control potential noncoverage bias, ratio adjustment methods are often used to adjust survey population estimates to represent relevant subgroups in the target population. The National Immunization Survey (NIS)—a nationwide, list-assisted RDD survey fielded by the NORC for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—monitors the vaccination rates of children between the ages of 19 and 35 months and adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The NIS uses various ratio adjustment methods based on multiple population controls and distributions to adjust survey estimates. The NIS also utilizes the Keeter adjustment method using information on telephone service interruptions to adjust for noncoverage of nonlandline telephone households. This research evaluates the potential impact of adjusting across multiple population controls on survey weights, estimates, and variances, and seeks to identify a best strategy for refinements.
Effectiveness of Coelatura aegyptiaca Extract Combination with Atorvastatin on Experimentally Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats

Background The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of clam extract in combination with atorvastatin against experimentally hyperlipidemia in rats. Method Forty male rats were divided into 5 groups (8 rats /group): control, high fat diet (HFD), atorvastatin (AROR), clam extract (CE), and ATOR + CE. Results The treatments with ATOR and /or CE significantly reduced the body weight gain, AST, ALT, ALP, TL, TC, TG, LDL-C, urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels while they increased total proteins, albumin, and HDL-C. The treatment with ATOR only did not cause any significant change in CK and MDA along with antioxidant system, while the treatment with CE alone or with ATOR significantly decreased CK and MDA accompanied by improving the antioxidant system. Conclusion Combination of CE extract with atorvastatin improved the hyperlipidemic efficacy and reduced undesirable side effects especially on muscle.
Association of CCL2, CCR5, ELMO1, and IL8 Polymorphism with Diabetic Nephropathy in Malaysian Type 2 Diabetic Patients

The unique variants or biomarkers of individuals help to understand the pathogenesis as well as the potential risk of individuals or patients to diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of a genetic polymorphism of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2-rs3917887), chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5-rs1799987), engulfment and cell mortality (ELMO1-rs74130), and interleukin-8 (IL8-rs4073) with the development of DN among Malaysian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. More than one thousand diabetic patients were examined and a total of 652 T2DM patients were tested comprising 227 Malays (nonnephrotic=96 and nephrotic=131), 203 Chinese (nonnephrotic=95 and nephrotic=108), and 222 Indians (nonnephrotic=136 and nephrotic=86). DNA Sequenom mass ARRAY was employed to identify polymorphisms in CCL2, CCR5, ELMO1, and IL8 genes. DNA was extracted from the secondary blood samples taken from the T2DM patients. The alleles and genotypes were tested using four genetic models and the best mode of inheritance was chosen. CCR5 rs1799987 (G>A) showed strong association with the development of diabetic nephropathy only among the Chinese with OR=6.71 (2.55-17.68) 95% CI while IL8 rs4073 (T>A) showed association with nephropathy only among the Indians with OR=1.57 (0.66-3.71) 95% CI. The additive model was the best model for the mode of inheritance of all the genes. The contribution of genetic variants differs across ethnic groups or background. Further studies which involve environmental risk factors should be taken into consideration.
PENGARUH KELELAHAN EMOSIONAL TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kelelahan emosional terhadap kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasional. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan cara observasi, kuesioner dan wawancara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai Di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pusat Pengendalian dan Operasional Penanggulangan Bencana Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Provinsi Bali sebanyak 56 orang. Teknik penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh , karena populasi kurang dari 100 orang maka semua populasi dijadikan sampel sebanyak 56 orang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kelelahan emosional berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, kelelahan emosional berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional, dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional.
Articular and other Immune-Mediated Extra-Intestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

The articular involvement in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases is included in the group of immune-mediated extra-intestinal manifestations, occurring approximately in a range from 6.2–36% of the patients. This group is also made up of the skin and eyes manifestations, that usually but not invariably are correlated with intestinal inflammatory disease activity. Rheumatic manifestations are the most frequent extra-intestinal findings of this group with a prevalence from 20–50%. They are divided into two different clinical subsets: peripheral and axial joint involvement (including sacroiliitis with or without spondylitis). Peripheral arthritis is the most frequent finding in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, occurring with a frequency ranging from 17–20%, and it is more common in Crohn's disease. Axial involvement is more common in Crohn's disease (5–22%) than in ulcerative colitis (2–6%) and generally the prevalence of sacroiliitis (asymptomatic and symptomatic) is between 12–20% and of spondylitis is between 2–16%. The IBD is also associated with other rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren syndrome, Takayasu arteritis and fibromyalgia. The management of patients with EA requires an active cooperation between gastroenterologists and rheumatologists.
Learning from Degree-Seeking Older Adult Students in a University Library

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of library resources and services by degree-seeking older adult students (aged 50 years and over) and it is driven by the role of libraries in serving this often overlooked student population. Older adult students bring many benefits to the life of college campuses; nevertheless, many of these students also face challenges in meeting their information needs in academic libraries. Design/methodology/approach – The authors surveyed degree-seeking older adult students at a comprehensive metropolitan university in the western USA. Surveys were distributed to 579 students enrolled in the spring semester 2013, 134 students completed the 15-question online survey about the use of the library, information-seeking behaviors and use of other university services. Findings – The self-reported findings confirmed that the library meets most of the information needs of this student population. Students commented on satisfaction with the library services, barriers.
The Activation of Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpes Virus 6 After Liver Transplantation

Backgrounds: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Human Herpes Virus-6 (HHV-6) activation after liver transplantation have been associated with increased graft rejection and adverse outcomes. This study aimed at investigating the development and timing of CMV infection after liver transplantation and its relation to post-transplantation HHV-6 activation. Methods: Patients undergoing liver transplantation were enrolled, regardless of their age, place of residence, or their liver failure etiology. Blood samples were collected at baseline and every week for a period of 12 weeks and were tested for anti-CMV IgG and anti-HHV-6 IgG, CMV pp65 antigenemia, as well as CMV and HHV-6 DNA using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Results: Among 46 liver transplant recipients, 17 (36.9%) developed CMV infection within 3 months after transplantation. Before transplantation,42(91.3%)and41(89.1%)recipientswereseropositiveforCMVandHHV-6,respectively. Fiftypercentof patientswere positive for CMV antigenemia, among which 73.9% became symptomatic for CMV infection. Half of the patients had positive test resultsforCMVPCRwithasigniﬁcantrelationshipbetweentheCMVviralloadandthedevelopmentof symptomaticCMVinfection (P = 0.001). Twenty-ﬁve (54.3%) patients had positive test results for HHV-6 PCR with a signiﬁcant relationship between HHV-6 posi-tivityandthedevelopmentof clinicalpresentation(P=0.002). Theaveragepost-transplantationtimetoHHV-6andCMVactivation was 19.4 ± 86.5 and 28.4 ± 60.5 days, respectively, with a linear relationship in the regression analysis. Conclusions: TheHHV-6infection,eitherasprimaryinfectionorreactivation,leadstoanincreasedriskof CMVinfectionandsymp-tomatic disease after liver transplantation. Activation of HHV-6 precedes the CMV activation in time. of CMVdiseaseaftertransplantation(16). Basedontheregres-sion analysis of the times of post-transplantation activation of CMV and HHV-6, a linear relationship between the activation time of these two viruses was observed. Based on these results, the time of CMV activation could be pre-dicted based on the HHV-6 activation time.
Second Language Acquisition and Task-Based Language Teaching

This book offers an in-depth explanation of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and the methods necessary to implement it in the language classroom successfully. • Combines a survey of theory and research in instructed second language acquisition (ISLA) with insights from language teaching and the philosophy of education • Details best practice for TBLT programs, including discussion of learner needs and means analysis; syllabus design; materials writing; choice of methodological principles and pedagogic procedures; criterion-referenced, task-based performance assessment; and program evaluation • Written by an esteemed scholar of second language acquisition with over 30 years of research and classroom experience • Considers diffusion of innovation in education and the potential impact of TBLT on foreign and second language learning
Detection of babesiosis and identification of associated ticks in cattle

Babesiosis is a worldwide disease of live stock and different animal like sheep, pigs, horses and dogs. It is the cause of zoonotic disease in humans and in cattle transmitted by ticks worldwide and having different pathogenecities and clinical features. Keeping in views the importance of the disease, the present study was designed to determine the prevalence of babesiosis in cattles of Charsadda and Sawabi districts and to identify the associated ticks in Cows and Calves. For this study 100 ticks and 100 blood samples were collected from different Cows and Calves randomly.
Effect of Self-Efficacy Enhancing Education Program on Family Caregivers’ Competencies in Caring for Patients with mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effect of a self-efficacy enhancing education program on family caregivers’ competencies regarding perceived confidence and performance in caring for patients with mild TBI in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: The quasi-experimental study, two groups pre-test and post-test design was conducted. Fifty family caregivers and patients with mild TBI who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. The first 25 control group received the routine care were, while another 25 subjects in the experimental group received a self-efficacy enhancing education program developed by the researchers. The program was constructed using Bandura’s four sources of self-efficacy. The family caregivers’ perceived confidence and performance were measured by using the Perceived Confidence Questionnaire (PCQ) and the Performance Questionnaire (PQ). The data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent t-test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The findings showed that the family caregivers who participated in the program had a higher in perceived confidence (t = 8.30, p < .05) and performance (U = .00, p < .05) in caring for patients with mild TBI upon the completion of the program. Conclusion: This study suggests the program may have contributed in improving the family caregivers’ competencies regarding perceived confidence and also influencing their performance in caring for patients with mild TBI. Therefore, this program is recommended for nurses to extend this knowledge for nursing practices and improve family caregivers’ competencies in caring for patients with mild TBI before and after discharge.
Prevalence of coronavirus from diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine rotavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus in the feces of normal and diarrheic Korean native calves aged 1-81 days between April and October of 2016 in the Republic of Korea. Methods: Samples were obtained from 50 normal and 93 diarrheic (56 semi-formed, 28 loose, and 9 watery feces) calves in six different regions of northern and southern Korea. These fecal samples were tested for BCoV, bovine rotavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus by RT-PCR. Results: Among the three pathogens examined, infection with BCoV was especially prominent in relation to diarrhea among calves aged 1-21 days [odds ratio (OR)=9.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-78.9; P=0.02). Infection with BCoV alone (OR=2.9; 95% CI: 1.1-7.6; P=0.03) or co-infection of BCoV with bovine viral diarrhea virus (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.0-12.4; P=0.04) was significantly associated with the development of loose feces. Grazing and colostrum intake strongly reduced the occurrence of diarrhea as compared to housed calves (OR=0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.4; P=0.00) and calves that had not been fed colostrum (OR=0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.7; P=0.02), respectively. Conclusions: The present study suggests that BCoV is involved in calf diarrhea in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, grazing and colostrum intake is recommended for preventing and controlling calf diarrhea caused by BCoV.
IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER

More than 210,000 Americans will be diagnosed with breast cancer each year and more than 41,000 will die from this disease. Over the last two decades many novel therapies have been introduced. However, due to the limited availability and accuracy of prognostic and predictive markers, many patients will have to be treated for the benefit of a few. The lack of precise predictive markers not only pertains to the use of chemotherapy, but also to hormonal or targeted therapy. Still more than half of the patients treated will not derive a benefit. Currently, the prognosis and treatment plan for early stage breast cancer is based on the number of involved lymph nodes, the size of the tumor, the histological grade and type, as well as lymphatic and vascular invasion which will determine the potential benefits from adjuvant chemo- and radiation therapy. Further therapeutic intervention, targeting estrogen receptor and HER2 signaling pathways, are based on the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status and HER2 expression by immunohistochemistry or the HER2 amplification by prognostic and predictive values of gene expression patterns and the better definition of therapeutic targets will lead to significant change in the assessment and treatment of breast cancer in the near future.
The "Relative" Efficacy of Involving Family in Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Illness: Are There Added Benefits to Patients and Family Members?

Specific interventions included in the review Studies were eligible if they compared family psychosocial, social or behavioural interventions with patient-orientated psychosocial interventions and enrolled complete patient-family dyads. Most of the included studies used cognitivebehavioural therapy/skills training or education plus support; other studies used education alone, blood-pressure monitoring in the home, and exercise and behavioural therapy. All but one of the interventions lasted between 5 weeks and 3 years; one intervention was conducted during transfer out of critical care.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Kariyer Planlamaya Yönelik Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi

Amac: Arastirmanin amaci, hemsirelik ogrencilerinin kariyer planlamaya iliskin goruslerinin belirlenmesidir. Materyal-Metot: Arastirmanin orneklemini, 08-19 Aralik 2015 tarihleri arasinda, Balikesir Saglik Yuksekokulunda ogrenim goren ve calismaya katilmayi kabul eden 345 hemsirelik ogrencisi olusturmustur. Calisma icin Balikesir Saglik Yuksekokulu Mudurlugu’nden yazili izin, arastirmaya katilmayi kabul eden ogrencilerden sozlu onam alinmistir. Veriler kisisel bilgi formu ve Kalafat (2012) tarafindan gecerlik ve guvenilirlik calismasi yapilan Kariyer Gelecegi Olcegi (KARGEL) ile toplanmistir. Olcek, kariyer uyumlulugu (KU), kariyer iyimserligi (KI) ve is piyasalarina iliskin algilanan bilgi (AB) adi verilen uc alt boyuttan ve 25 maddeden olusmaktadir. Bu arastirmada KARGEL olceginin Cronbach alfa degeri . 89 olarak bulunmustur. Elde edilen veriler bilgisayar ortaminda yuzdelik, ortalama, t testi, One Way Anova analizleri ile degerlendirilmistir. Bulgular: Arastirmaya katilan ogrencilerin yas ortalamasinin 19.8±1.6, % 73.6’ sinin kiz, % 43.5’inin birinci sinif, %66.7’sinin hemsirelik meslegini isteyerek sectigi ve %72.5’inin ilk sirada tercih ettigi saptanmistir. Ogrencilerin %67.5’inin bir kariyer plani oldugu, %68.4’unun kariyer planlama konusunda destege ihtiyaci olmadigi ve kariyer plani olanlarin %29.6’sinin lisansustu egitim alma istegi belirlenmistir. Ogrencilerin KU puan ortalamasi 41.4±6.4, KI puan ortalamasi 39.9±6.9 ve AB puan ortalamasi 9.8± 2.1 olarak belirlenmistir. Ogrencilerin sosyodemografik ozelliklerine gore KU ve KI alt boyut puan ortalamalari arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark olmadigi (p>0.05), cinsiyet ile ise AB alt boyut puan ortalamasi arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark oldugu (p<0.05) saptanmistir. Sonuc: Hemsirelik ogrencilerinin kariyer uyumlulugu ve kariyer iyimserliginin yuksek, is piyasasina iliskin algilanan bilgilerinin orta oldugu saptanmistir.
Caring for family members in the ICU: challenges faced by nurses in the interpersonal praxis of user embracement

Estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el proceso interpersonal de acogimiento entre enfermeros y la familia en unidades de cuidados intensivos de adultos. Tiene un enfoque exploratorio, descriptivo, observacional cualitativo, realizado con 10 enfermeros que trabajan (muestreo no probabilistico y limitada por la saturacion de los datos) de tres tecnicas de recoleccion de datos: tema-dibujo-texto, entrevistas semi-estructuradas y observacion no participante. El analisis identifico, a la luz de la Teoria de las Relaciones Interpersonales de Peplau y en el marco del enfoque tridimensional: razon-emocion-volicion que el acogimiento a la familia tiene lagunas con respecto al proceso de la comunicacion, el desarrollo para la autonomia del descargas y las relaciones interpersonales entre enfermero y familia. Sin embargo, los conceptos asignados por enfermeros al acogimiento fueron positivos, lo que demuestra que ellos tienen la intencion de llevar a cabo, aunque encuentren dificultades formadoras y experienciales en lo que respecta a la practica de esta teoria de enfermeria, las relaciones interpersonales y en consecuencia el acogimiento a la familia.
On soil organic matter dynamics in species-diverse grasslands and intercrop systems

Door menselijk handelen (verandering in van natuurlijke vegetatie naar landbouw) is de organische C voorraad in de bodem met 10-59% afgenomen, afhankelijk van de landgebruiksverandering. Dit heeft geleid tot een toename van de CO2 concentratie in de atmosfeer. Deze toename heeft bijgedragen aan opwarming van de aarde en de daaraan gerelateerde milieuproblemen. Een ander risico van de vermindering van de organische C voorraad in de bodem is vermindering van de bodemvruchtbaarheid. Mede hierdoor wordt de opgave om de voedselproductie de komende 50 jaar te verdubbelen, een grote uitdaging. Vastlegging van C in de bodem kan een goedkope en milieuvriendelijke maatregel zijn die bijdraagt aan vermindering van effecten van klimaatverandering op een termijn van 20 – 50 jaar. Deze maatregel kan bovendien bijdragen aan voedselzekerheid doordat ze de bodemkwaliteit in landbouwsystemen verhoogt.