Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SUCCINYLCHOLINE AND PRECURARIZATION WITH ROCURONIUM ON MUSCULAR EFFECTS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SURGERY UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA

Succinylcholine remains the drug of choice in conditions where rapid paralysis and airway control are priorities. However it is associated with muscular side effects that have an overall incidence ranging from five to 83 percent. The administration of small doses of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants before the administration of succinylcholine has been shown to decrease the incidence and severity of muscular side effects experienced by the patients. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of technique in reducing the muscular side effects of succinylcholine. Sixty healthy adults were enrolled in the study who were scheduled for minor muscle cutting surgeries under general anaesthesia. They were assigned at random to two groups of thirty patients each. They randomly received succinylcholine for intubation and a precurarization dose of rocuronium followed by succinylcholine for intubation. Intraoperative fasciculations and postoperative myalgia were graded and scored. There was a significantly increased incidence of fasciculations and myalgia in the succinylcholine group. In the precurarization group the incidence and severity of fasciculations and myalgia was significantly less as compared to the group which received succinylcholine alone. We found significant correlation between fasciculations and myalgia in the succinylcholine group. Present study concluded that precurarization with rocuronium was effective in reducing the succinylcholine-induced fasciculations and myalgia.
A Brief Survey of Risk-Appetite Indexes

Theory suggests that a low appetite for risk translates into a higher cost of capital, potentially limiting business investment, while a high appetite for risk can produce booms in credit and asset prices, sowing the seeds of eventual recessions and stress on the financial system. The Asian financial crisis of 1997, the aftermath of the Russian debt default of 1998, and the collapse of high-technology share prices in 2000 are a few examples of events that appear to be related to systemic changes in investors’ appetite for risk.
Post-DVM educational intentions among third-year veterinary medical students : a hierarchical analysis of mentoring, gender, and organizational context

By Tori C. Byington, Ph.D. Washington State University May 2006 Chair: Amy S. Wharton Despite progressive movement towards gender equality in other high status professions the pervasive under representation of women and minorities in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) persists. Scholars from numerous disciplines have examined the issue of women and science since the 1960s. However, much of this research has ignored the effects of social resources on individuals’ life chances. While there are many different kinds of social resources, research conducted in educational and occupational settings suggests that social ties with mentors may be especially influential. Of equal importance is the organizational context which structures people’s opportunities for social relationships and, as a result, plays an important role in the availability, quality, and impact of mentoring. This study utilized a multilevel design, with data collected from 644 third-year veterinary students at 23 of the 27 US colleges of veterinary medicine The individual-level data was derived from an 82-item questionnaire that included
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS BETWEEN IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN TREATMENTS ON YIELD, NITROGEN ACQUISITION AND NITROGEN USE AND AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCIES OF WHEAT PLANT

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the interactive effects between different irrigation treatments and N application rates on grain and straw yields of wheat plants grown on a clay soil and to describe the relationships between irrigation treatments and yield of wheat plants at different N treatments. The factors were nitrogen fertilizer(N): 0(N0), 75(N1), 150(N2), and 225(N3) kg.ha -1 as urea and four treatments of irrigation(I): fully-irrigation with canal water(I1), 2 times well water + canal water (I2), 4 times well water + canal water(I3), and 6 times well water + canal water(I4). The obtained results indicated that grain and straw yields were significantly increased with increasing application rate of N fertilizer at all treatments of irrigation. On the other hand, grain and straw yields of wheat plants were decreased significantly with increasing number of well water irrigation times. The maximum nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for grain yield (63.73 kg kg -1 N) was found with a 75 kg N ha -1 and I1(fully-irrigation with canal water) . In contrast, the minimum NUE for grain yield (19.56 kg kg -1 N) was found with a 225kg Nha -1 and I4 (6 times well water,4500 m 3 ha -1 + canal water, 1500 m 3 ha -1 )for first season. Similarly, irrigation with well water decreased the agronomic efficiency (AE) for grain yield noticeably at all N application rates. The reduction in AE for grain yield of wheat was much higher at I4 treatment than of that at I2 treatment. The mean agronomic efficiency (AE) for grain yield for the second season confirmed the results of first season and was very close to each other. Future research works should be made by further developing more efficient wheat varieties that could use N more efficiently at lower rates (<225 kg N ha −1 ). It can be concluded that the limited amount of available fresh water should be applied during the initial growth stage and supplemented with well water at later growth stages of wheat plants.
International Journal of Instruction

The improvement of the writing skill with the help of modern computer programmes has gained considerable attention in the English as a Foreign Language writing learning process and the better understanding about the contributions of these technological programmes are needed in the field of education. This paper sought to shed light on the effects of implementing free Automated Writing Evaluation tools on the writing performance of the students of an English Teacher Training Programme. Ecuadorian undergraduate learners were encouraged to use Grammark and Grammarly as free Automated Writing Evaluation tools in the improvement of the writing skill as part of the experimentation of this study. These AWE tools were used as complement of teacher ́s feedback given to 28 learners on their writing performance during a semester of studies. Quantitative method was used to conduct this practical research by applying a t-test technique and a survey. A pre-test/post-test experimental research design was applied to examine students’ improvement on the writing skill. The results revealed positive effects on the improvement of the students writing. This study confirms the benefits of free Automated Writing Evaluation tools in the improvement of the writing skill as it is discussed in the conclusion of this paper followed by some recommendations.
UWS Academic Portal A Fermi gamma-ray burst monitor search for electromagnetic signals coincident with gravitational-wave candidates in advanced LIGO's first observing run A Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor Search for Electromagnetic Signals Coincident with Gravitational-wave Candidates in Advanced LIG

We present a search for prompt gamma-ray counterparts to compact binary coalescence gravitational wave (GW) candidates from Advanced LIGO’s first observing run (O1). As demonstrated by the multimessenger observations of GW170817/GRB 170817A, electromagnetic and GW observations provide complementary information about the astrophysical source, and in the case of weaker candidates, may strengthen the case for an astrophysical origin. Here we investigate low-significance GW candidates from the O1 compact binary coalescence searches using the Fermi GammaRay Burst Monitor (GBM), leveraging its all sky and broad energy coverage. Candidates are ranked and compared to background to measure the significance. Those with false alarm rates (FARs) of less than 10 Hz (about one per day, yielding a total of 81 candidates) are used as the search sample for gamma-ray follow-up. No GW candidates were found to be coincident with gamma-ray transients independently identified by blind searches of the GBM data. In addition, GW candidate event times were followed up by a separate targeted search of GBM data. Among the resulting GBM events, the two with the lowest FARs were the gamma-ray transient GW150914-GBM presented in Connaughton et al. and a solar flare in chance coincidence with a GW candidate.
Permeability of Deep Drillhole Core Samples

The permeability of fault zone material is key to understanding fluid circulation and its role in earthquake generation. In this paper, permeability results from four different scientific drillholes are discussed in relation to recent studies on core samples from the Nojima Fault. This comparison illustrates the advantages and limitations of laboratory studies on extracted core samples. We observe that matrix permeability of core samples is extremely low, suggesting that most fluid flow at depth will occur through discrete joints and faults rather than through the bulk of the rock. The permeability of deep core samples is also more sensitive to pressure than equivalent rocks obtained from surface outcrops. In addition, stress-relief and thermal fractures due to coring and extraction may influence laboratory permeability measurements, most typically for deeper rocks and those containing abundant quartz.
Quantitative Analysis of Serum Levels of Trace Elements in Sudanese Snuff Dippers

Background: Oral cancer in Sudan has high incidence rate due to the use of Toombak , a home- made smokeless tobacco, rich in tobacco specific nitrosamines . There have been calls for continuous monitoring on toombak users to discover very early the carcinogenic changes to avoid mortality, and morbidity. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess technically, and financially affordable methodologies, that are reliable, reproducible, sensitive, specific and cost effective valid for use in mass screening amongst the high risk groups. (The toombak users). The present study was done to evaluate the levels of copper, zinc and magnesium in serum of toombak dippers. Materials and Methods: The levels of copper, zinc, and magnesium were estimated in the serum of 150 toombak dippers . The values were compared with 50 normal age matched, healthy control subjects and 50 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, using Atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: There was significant difference of the mean serum copper, zinc, and magnesium levels of toombak dippers when compared to the normal controls. In oral cancer patients there was significant difference in the copper, zinc, and magnesium levels. Copper level was found increased gradually starting from control through toombak dippers to oral squamous cell carcinoma patients , while the level of zinc and magnesium was found decreased in the same sequence. Conclusion: Serum may be used as a potential diagnostic tool, which can be efficiently employed to evaluate the copper, zinc and magnesium levels in Sudanese snuff dippers for population based mass screening . Serum trace elements levels could be used as potential diagnostic markers for early changes caused by toombak dipping. Keywords: Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, copper, magnesiumm , zinc, oral squamous cell carcinoma, tobacco specific nitrosamines, serum , toombak.
Peking at MRP 2019: Factorization- and Composition-Based Parsing for Elementary Dependency Structures

We design, implement and evaluate two semantic parsers, which represent factorization- and composition-based approaches respectively, for Elementary Dependency Structures (EDS) at the CoNLL 2019 Shared Task on Cross-Framework Meaning Representation Parsing. The detailed evaluation of the two parsers gives us a new perception about parsing into linguistically enriched meaning representations: current neural EDS parsers are able to reach an accuracy at the inter-annotator agreement level in the same-epoch-and-domain setup.
What drives innovation? Causes of and Consequences for nanotechnologies

Shadow prices guide farmers' resource allocations, but for subsistence farmers growing traditional crops, shadow prices may bear little relationship with market prices. We econometrically estimate shadow prices of maize using data from a nationally representative survey of rural households in Mexico. Shadow prices are significantly higher than the market price for traditional but not improved maize varieties. They are particularly high in the indigenous areas of southern and southeastern Mexico, indicating large de facto incentives to maintain traditional maize there.
DEVELOPMENT OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) MARKER FOR OLEIC ACID CONTENT IN OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is an important economic crop species due to the versatile applications of its crude and kernel oils. The necessity to improve oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), which is the world’s most productive oil producing plant under cultivation currently for high yield and oil quality to meet the growing global demand especially in term of its healthy component, oleochemical industrial needs and biodiesel utilization has become a major area of focus for oil palm breeders. Marker assisted selection have played a crucial role in oil palm breeding programs and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) maker is one of those technologies that has recently attracted breeders. High content of oleic acid (18:1) has proven to be that needed component of oil palm and other vegetable oils that can greatly contribute to oil quality improvement. Stearoyl Acyl-carrier-protein Desaturase (SAD) is a key enzyme for oleic acid biosynthesis which plays an important role in determining the composition of unsaturated fatty acids in oil palm. In this study, we identified 9 SNP loci (4 in the exon and 5 in the intron) in SAD gene fragment and developed an allele-specific single nucleotide amplified polymorphism (SNAP) marker for oleic acid content prediction. Four out of the nine SNAP marker developed and tested on 25 oil palm accessions were polymorphic and reasonably informative. The average expected and observed heterozygosities were 0.391 and 0.404, respectively. The mean polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.312. Our results showed that these SNAP markers will be useful if validated in larger oil palm population in predicting oleic acid composition and genetic variation in oil palm breeding programs based on SAD gene fragment.
Value vs. Glamour Stock Returns and the Value Premium: The Canadian Experience 1985-2002

This paper sheds further light into the discussion of whether the value premium is driven by risk or behavioral factors by providing out of sample tests using Canadian data, a search process that involves both P/E and P/BV ratios and a research methodology that minimizes any potential data snooping problems. We document a consistently strong value premium over the 1985-2002 sample period, which persists in both bull and bear markets, as well as in recessions and recoveries. We show that the value premium is not driven by a particular industry, as the value premium is positive for most industries. Moreover, the value premium is not driven by a few outliers, but it is pervasive as the overwhelming majority of stocks in the value portfolio have positive returns. Unlike the US, the value premium increases over time in Canada. Finally, this papers shows that a P/E based search process does a better job in identifying value stocks and arriving at more consistent and sizeable value premiums than a search process based on P/BVs. In terms of explaining the drivers of the value premium, having looked at this question from many angles, we conclude that the bulk of the evidence provided in this paper favors the errors-in-expectations explanation of the value premium. However, an additional insight may be gained from this paper’s findings, which has serious implications for the findings reported in other related studies. Some of the previous studies have found support of risk-based explanations, while others have found support for the errors-in-expectations explanation. Given the results reported in this paper, this is not surprising as depending on how fine the sortings are (and these studies have all used quite fine sortings) both schools of thought could be correct to some extent in explaining the value premium, but only some of the time and for some of the stocks, even though, overall, the scale of the evidence seems to lean more in favor of errors-in-expectations. For example, while higher risk and smaller firm size may explain the higher returns of the very low P/E ratio stocks, it may not be lower risk or larger firm size (visibility) that explains the low returns of the very large P/E stocks. JEL Classification: G12
HirePeer: Impartial Peer-Assessed Hiring at Scale in Expert Crowdsourcing Markets

Expert crowdsourcing (e.g., Upwork.com) provides promising benefits such as productivity improvements for employers, and flexible working arrangements for workers. Yet to realize these benefits, a key persistent challenge is effective hiring at scale. Current approaches, such as reputation systems and standardized competency tests, develop weaknesses such as score inflation over time, thus degrading market quality. This paper presents HirePeer, a novel alternative approach to hiring at scale that leverages peer assessment to elicit honest assessments of fellow workers' job application materials, which it then aggregates using an impartial ranking algorithm. This paper reports on three studies that investigate both the costs and the benefits to workers and employers of impartial peer-assessed hiring. We find, to solicit honest assessments, algorithms must be communicated in terms of their impartial effects. Second, in practice, peer assessment is highly accurate, and impartial rank aggregation algorithms incur a small accuracy cost for their impartiality guarantee. Third, workers report finding peer-assessed hiring useful for receiving targeted feedback on their job materials.
Personalizing Many Decisions with High-Dimensional Covariates

We consider the k-armed stochastic contextual bandit problem with d dimensional features, when both k and d can be large. To the best of our knowledge, all existing algorithm for this problem have a regret bound that scale as polynomials of degree at least two in k and d. The main contribution of this paper is to introduce and theoretically analyze a new algorithm (REAL Bandit) with a regret that scales by r^2(k+d) when r is rank of the k by d matrix of unknown parameters. REAL Bandit relies on ideas from low-rank matrix estimation literature and a new row-enhancement subroutine that yields sharper bounds for estimating each row of the parameter matrix that may be of independent interest.
Pre-Mental Images of Science Teaching

Problem Statement: The constructivist reorganization of the elementary education programs in Turkey has revealed the importance of training skilled teachers who are familiar with both constructivist theory and the educational programs. In this way, teachers can adapt to their new roles, learn how to guide students, and prepare the best learning environment. Therefore, the determination of the pre-service science and technology f science teaching is assumed to provide great insight for the teacher training institutions into preperceptions of the teaching profession and of their students. Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study is to determine the mental images of science teaching of the students of the Department of Science and Technology Education of Education Faculty at the University of Mersin and present the differences in their mental images in terms of certain variables. Methods: This study is based on descriptive methods, and the universe consists of students of the Department of Science and Technology Education of Education Faculty at the University of Mersin in 2009-2010. 113 students were randomly selected for this study. The Draw-A-ScienceTeacher-Test Checklist (DASTT-C) is one of the tools that can be used to measure presuch as gender and the year of study were covered in the sub-problems of the research. T-test and one way analysis of variance were carried out by using SPSS-15. Findings and Results: As a result of this study, it was found that 13.08% of the pre-service teachers of science and technology courses had studentcentered images (exploratory teaching style), 62.62% had mental images * Faculty of Education, Turkey. e-mail: nily@aku.edu. tr 108 Nil Yildiz Duban positioned between student-centered science teaching and traditional science teaching (conceptual teaching style), and 24.30% had traditional science teaching images (explicit teaching style). Conclusions and Recommendations: In practical courses, such as school experience and teaching practice, pre-service teachers can be provided with opportunities to conduct observations and teach. Academic staff can act as a model by including student-centered activities in their courses.
Placental Maspin Gene Expression Pattern May Be Used to Distinguish Between Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Objective: Maspin is one of the members of serin protease inhibitor superfamily, and acts as a tumor suppressor protein. Here we report maspin expression in placental tissues of preeclampsia or intrauterine growth retardation pregnancies.Study Design: Maspin expression level was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. For this purpose, placental tissue samples were obtained from pregnancies 13 with intrauterine growth retardation, and 6 with preeclampsia, and also 12 tissues from women without preeclampsia or intrauterine growth retardation history were included as controls. Results: Maspin expression was found to be 11-fold higher in placentas from preeclampsia patients than placentas from intrauterine growth retardation patients (p=0.036). However, there was no difference between preeclampsia and control groups (p=0.76), and intrauterine growth retardation and control groups (p=0.849). Conclusion: As far as we know this is the first study reporting expression level of maspin in placental tissues of pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation. These findings support that molecular pathology between preeclampsia and IUGR might be different at the molecular level and maspin levels in the placenta may be used to differentiate preeclampsia from IUGR.
Standard electrocardiographic parameters of base apex lead system in different age groups of clinically healthy dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Electrocardiographic parameters were measured in 93 apparently healthy dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) within age range from less than 6 months to 18 years old. The electrocardiograms were recorded in standard base apex lead system. Duration and amplitude of the P, QRS complex and T wave and the PR, RR, intervals, RT and ST segments and heart rate were measured and averaged from successive beats. The normal heart rate was 48±1.07 to 69±0.80 and 74±1.32 to 89±5.01 in adults and calves, respectively. The long atrioventricular node conduction time (the P-R interval) was also an important finding in this study. This parameter was 0.20–0.21 and 0.21–0.26 sec. in calves and adults, respectively. The R-T segment was 0.24–0.26 and 0.19–0.30 sec. in calves and adults, respectively. The results of the present study provide a good basis for judging the electrocardiographic parameters in the base apex lead system from different age groups of dromedary camel. It could be suggested that the base apex lead provides the most uniform electrocardiographic patterns than standard leads in dromedary camel.