Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of enuresis among primary school children in Port Harcourt

Background: Enuresis is a common problem among children and adolescents. It can lead to important psychosocial disturbances. Knowledge of the prevalence and types of enuresis in a community would guide early intervention. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of enuresis among primary school children aged 6-12years in Port Harcourt (PHC) and the types of enuresis among these children. Methods: A cross sectional study of enuresis among school children in 13 primary schools in three school districts in PHC was performed. Pretested questionnaires completed by parents/guardians and augmented by history obtained from the children were used to collect data from 922 school children. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 922 school children, consisting of 463 (50.2%) males and 459 (49.8%) females were studied. The response rate was 82.2%. The overall prevalence of enuresis was 23.2%. Enuresis was notably more common in boys (male: female ratio 1.4:1), and the prevalence rates decreased with increasing age. Of all enuretic children, 92.1% had nocturnal enuresis, 0.9% had diurnal and 7.0% had nocturnal-diurnal enuresis. Conclusion: Enuresis is a common problem among school children in PHC, is more common in males. The predominant type is the primary nocturnal enuresis. Key Words: Prevalence, Enuresis, Primary school-children, Port-Harcourt
Multimerization through Pegylation Improves Pharmacokinetic Properties of scFv Fragments of GD2-Specific Antibodies

Antigen-binding fragments of antibodies specific to the tumor-associated ganglioside GD2 are well poised to play a substantial role in modern GD2-targeted cancer therapies, however, rapid elimination from the body and reduced affinity compared to full-length antibodies limit their therapeutic potential. In this study, scFv fragments of GD2-specific antibodies 14.18 were produced in a mammalian expression system that specifically bind to ganglioside GD2, followed by site-directed pegylation to generate mono-, di-, and tetra-scFv fragments. Fractionated pegylated dimers and tetramers of scFv fragments showed significant increase of the binding to GD2 which was not accompanied by cross-reactivity with other gangliosides. Pegylated multimeric di-scFvs and tetra-scFvs exhibited cytotoxic effects in GD2-positive tumor cells, while their circulation time in blood significantly increased compared with monomeric antibody fragments. We also demonstrated a more efficient tumor uptake of the multimers in a syngeneic GD2-positive mouse cancer model. The findings of this study provide the rationale for improving therapeutic characteristics of GD2-specific antibody fragments by multimerization and propose a strategy to generate such molecules. On the basis of multimeric antibody fragments, bispecific antibodies and conjugates with cytotoxic drugs or radioactive isotopes may be developed that will possess improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
Synthesis of a Smart Conductive Block Copolymer Responsive to Heat and Near Infrared Light

A method for the synthesis of a linear block copolymer (PNIPAM-b-PANI), containing a thermoresponsive block (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM) and a Near Infrared (NIR) light-absorbing block (polyaniline, PANI), is reported. The synthetic approach involves a two-step successive polymerization reaction. First, the radical polymerization of NIPAM is done using 4-aminothiophenol as a chain transfer agent for the obtention of thermosensitive block terminated with an aniline (ANI) moiety. Second, the oxidative polymerization of ANI is initiated in ANI moiety of thermosensitive block to grow the second conductive PANI block. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and FT-IR spectroscopy shows the characteristics peaks of both polymeric blocks revealing the successful copolymerization process. Static Light Scattering (SLS) and UV-Visible combined measurements allowed the determination of the Mw for PNIPAM-b-PANI macromolecule: 5.5 × 105 g mol−1. The resulting copolymer is soluble in water (8.3 g L−1) and in non-aqueous solvents, such as ethanol, formic acid, acetonitrile, and others. Both polymer blocks chains show the properties of the polymer chains. The block copolymer shows a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at the same temperature (32–34 °C) than PNIPAM, while the copolymer shows pH dependent UV-vis-NIR absorption similar to PANI. The PNIPAM block suffers a coil to globule transition upon NIR light irradiation (785 nm, 100 mW), as shown by turbidimetry and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), due to local heating (more than 9 °C in 12 min) induced by the NIR absorption at the PANI block. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of PNIPAM-b-PANI thin films is demonstrated (resistivity of 5.3 × 10−4 Ω−1 cm−1), indicating that the PANI block is present in its conductive form.
Are Psychological Distress and Resilience Associated with Dietary Intake Among Australian University Students?

University students report unhealthy diets and experience poorer mental health than the general population. This study explores the association between psychological distress and resilience with dietary intake in a sample of Australian university students. Cross-sectional data from the University of Newcastle Student Healthy Lifestyle Survey 2017 were analysed. Psychological distress (Kessler Scale), resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) and fruit, vegetable, soft drink, takeaway food and breakfast intakes (short diet questions) were assessed. Socio-demographic (e.g., gender), student (e.g., undergraduate/postgraduate) and health characteristics (e.g., physical activity) were captured. Multivariate linear regression models explored associations between psychological distress and resilience with dietary intake, with adjustment for potential confounders. Analysis included 2710 students (mean age 26.9 ± 9.5 years, 30.4% male). In adjusted models, lower psychological distress was associated with higher fruit (β = −0.37, p = 0.001) and vegetable (β = −0.37, p < 0.001) serves/day, more frequent breakfast consumption (p < 0.001) and less frequent soft drink and takeaway food consumption (p < 0.001). Higher resilience was associated with higher fruit (β = 0.03, p = 0.022) and vegetable (β = 0.06, p < 0.001) serves/day, more frequent breakfast consumption (p = 0.005), and less frequent soft drink (p < 0.001) and takeaway food consumption (p = 0.001). These results highlight a potential link between psychological distress and resilience with diet, and that further research in this area is warranted.
Regulated splicing of the alpha6 integrin cytoplasmic domain determines the fate of breast cancer stem cells

Repository Citation Goel HL, Gritsko T, Pursell B, Chang C, Shultz LD, Greiner DL, Norum JH, Toftgard R, Shaw LM, Mercurio AM. (2014). Regulated splicing of the alpha6 integrin cytoplasmic domain determines the fate of breast cancer stem cells. Cancer Biology Publications and Presentations. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.celrep. 2014.03. 059. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed. edu/cancerbiology_pp/217
COMBINATION OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS AND GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) EXTRACT IN REDUCING DAMPING-OFF DISEASE OF TOMATO

Damping-off (Pythium aphanidermatum) is a soil-borne disease which accounts for seedling mortality and significant yield losses in tomato production. Laboratory and screenhouse experiments were conducted in 2017, with a repeated field trial in 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of combining three biological control agents (BCAs), Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Bacillus subtilis with Allium sativum extract for the integrated management of the disease in tomato crop. Treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design and randomized complete block design in the screenhouse and field experiments, respectively with eighteen treatments and three replications. The BCAs and extract were formulated and applied using seed treatment and soil sprinkling methods. Treatment combinations of BCAs with A. sativum were more effective in the reduction of mycelial growth of the pathogen with inhibitory values that ranged between 77.6-91.2% than single inoculation. Seed treatment before planting was more effective than soil sprinkle method, reducing pre-emergence and damping-off incidence to between 6.8-18.3% and 9.7-26.3% under screenhouse and field conditions, respectively than the sprinkling method. Soil sprinkle with T. harzianum in combination with A. sativum extract had the highest cumulative tomato fruit yield of 902 kg/ha under field conditions. This study showed that combined application of BCAs and A. sativum extract reduced damping-off disease and thereby improved the fruit yield of tomato.
Neuroprotective Strategies of Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrant “Forskolin” (AC/cAMP/PKA/CREB Activator) to Ameliorate Mitochondrial Dysfunctioning in Neurotoxic Experimental Model of Autism

New developments in the study of brain are among the most exciting frontiers of contemporary neuroscientific research for the clinical practitioner. Increasing knowledge of neurocomplications and of their discrete localization in the various regions of brain permits new modes of pharmacological management of some major neurological disorders like autism. The research work reported in this scheme is undertaken with an objective to explore the potential molecular targets (AC/cAMP/PKA/CREB) for the development of newer therapeutics strategies (forskolin) for the management of neurological disorders and associated symptoms. Studies aimed at addressing these questions have fallen into two main categories: in-vivo behavioral paradigms and in-vitro differentiation biochemical, morphological and histopathological analysis. Therefore, first time, we aim to gather the propensity of mitochondrial cofactors, neuropathological mechanisms and various diagnostic methods to explore the clinical therapeutic strategies to ameliorate the neurodevelopmental disorder autism.
Safaa Soliman Effect of Maternal Semi-Sitting, Dorsal Recumbent and Lithotomy Positions

The interest in the evaluation of the various positions adopted during labor and delivery with respect to pain relief and comfort for women, in addition to better outcomes, have yet to be fully clarified and there is thus as yet no consensus with regard to the optimal position to be adopted . The aim of this study was to compare the effect of maternal semi-sitting and dorsal recumbent versus lithotomy positions on labor outcome and women satisfaction. A quasiexperimental design was adopted in this study. Setting: the study was carried out in the labor ward of the General Hospital and the Health Insurance Hospital in Beni Suef Governorate. The sample: eighty parturient women were recruited in each of the three labor positions: semi-sitting (SS), dorsal recumbent (DR), and lithotomy (LI) positions. Tools of data collection were; a structured interview schedule, an assessment checklist, and a satisfaction sheet. Results: revealed that women in the SS group had significantly lower rates of episiotomy, labial injury, vaginal edema, perineal lacerations, and postpartum hemorrhage (p=0.001). Their newborns had the highest Apgar scores at the first and fifth minutes, and none of them had fetal complications (p<0.001). Most (88.8%) women in the SS group were satisfied with the position, had less problems, preferred to assume this position in the next labor, and will recommend the position to others (p<0.001). Conclusion: semi-sitting position during labor and delivery was found to have clinical advantages without risk to mother or infant. Enhanced maternal and fetal outcomes included better Apgar score, improved perineal integrity, vulvar edema, less blood loss and better women satisfaction. Recommendations: the utilization of the semi-sitting labor position must be encouraged, with randomized clinical trial to provide further confirmation of the study findings.
Developing Listening and Speaking via a Psycho-Socio-Cultural Learning Model Based on Non-Linear Dynamic Motivation

Psychologically, socially, and culturally diverse students come to class with dynamic language learning motivations. To address this dynamicity, a nonlinear dynamic model was proposed via bridging psycho-socio-cultural (PSC) learning theories to develop listening and speaking skills among EFL learners. This multifaceted model facilitates learning by highlighting motivational factors at the individual level, which nonlinearly and dynamically differ from one learner to another. To test its applicability, a mixed methods approach was conducted among a group of 132 upper intermediate EFL learners. The qualitative and quantitative findings of the study confirmed a significant relationship between nonlinear dynamic motivation and developing listening-speaking under the PSC model. The main pedagogical implication of the study is the need to address dynamicity and nonlinearity of motivation among second language learners at the individual level.
Substantiation of the Results of Morphological Examination of the Urinary Bladder Wall in Experimental Diabetic Cystopathy

Measurement of consumed water and daily diuresis proved the pathomorphological manifestations of streptozotocin-induced cystopathy in the experiment on rats according to the results of biochemical studies of blood and urine. It is argued that the desquamation of cells in the transitional epithelium, its atrophy, stratification violation, and baring of the basal membrane are caused by a large volume of urine, which excessively stretches the urinary bladder, destroying the intercellular contacts of the urothelial layer. It is proved that primary hyperglycemia leads to widening of the lumen of the arterioles and moderate thickening of the basal membrane of the micro-hemovessels, and high chronic hyperglycemia – directly triggers the whole cascade of pathomorphological changes: on the 42nd day of the experiment it causes vasoconstriction of the arterioles, and at the later terms – the secondary expansion of the arterioles and venules of the microcirculatory bed of UB (urinary bladder); is the cause of dystrophic changes of endothelial cells, further thickening and lamellar transformation of the basal membrane and plasma permeation of the perivascular connective tissue; causes the appearance of dark involutional myocytes with few organelles and sarcoplasm sequestration. Hydropic dystrophy of smooth myocytes has been found to be associated with the hydration of blood plasma as a result of excessive polydipsia in diabetic animals, and vacuole dystrophy of urothelial cells, enlargement of their size and interstitial edema – with low specific urinary density due to the multiple fast increase of diuresis. It has been established that prolonged high glucosuria and decreased diuresis lead to a decrease in urothelial cell size, compaction of their cytoplasm and ultrastructural readjustment. The increase of the content of glycosylated hemoglobin during the experiment justified the appearance and increase of the sludge-syndrome.
Evaluation of Quality of Patient Education Pamphlets made by Nursing Students

Background and purpose: patient education is one important competency expected from health care professionals . The aim of this study , was to evaluat quality of written materials provide for education of patients with chronic diseases in form of pamphlets made by nursing students . Methods: This study used a non experimental, descriptive design . In this research , first copy of 120 pamphlets made by nursing students was gathered and literacy level of each patient that pamphlet was made for him(her) wrote in first page of each . For evaluating this pamphlets, researcher used two instruments: 1- self – made checklist includes three parts : message content, making and organization of the pamphlets and appearance and appeal of them and 2 - The SMOG formula for determining literacy level needed for reading this pamphlets. Results: The results of the study revealed that , the main items chosed by students was related to endocrine system, specially diabetes, (15/8%, n= 19) and most of title discussed in these pamphlets was teaching about self – care actions ( 21/93%, n = 50) . The average literacy level needed for reading this pamphlets was 11/74 and. Each of them doesn’t written at recommended literacy level at 6 or less. Discussion: Patient education materials related to chronic diseases was written at beyound patients literacy level . if we want that patients use this materials , we must made them easear and more understanable and made them with attention to other recommended considerations . Keyword: E VALUATION , T EACHING , P ATIENT TEACHING , C HRONIC DISEASE
SPACS as an instrument of beneficial change in corporate governance, aimed at company growth: The first Italian insurtech-based insurance company

The paper begins with the definition of the concept of SPAC (“Special Purpose Acquisition Companies”), as a corporate vehicles constituted with the objective to carry out after raising capital an investment in one or more existing operating companies (“target company”). We focus on the peculiar aspects of the SPAC as an instrument of beneficial change in corporate governance, aimed at company growth. Therefore, a summary picture of the situation of the SPACs in the Italian context is provided, proceeding, finally, to the analysis of the case of NET SPA, the first insurtech based Italian insurance company, created through the SPAC tool
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG FEMALE NURSES: PREVALENCE, EFFECTS, AND UNDERLYING FACTORS

Violence against women is a considerable worldwide problem with huge economic and social costs. There is a paucity of research investigating the problem in the nursing profession. The study aim was to measure the magnitude of domestic violence among female nurses, and determine the underlying factors.Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in two general hospitals (A and B) on a consecutive sample on 324 female nurses. A self-administered questionnaire including the Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) and the Women's Experience with Battering (WEB) scale was used in datacollection.Results: Female nurses' age ranged between 23 and 59 years, mostly diploma female nurses (86.1%). Exposure to domestic violence was found among 50.6% of them, and 59.6% had high violence effects. Only 21.9% previously reported husband violence. While the work of the nurse was the third in rank as a cause ofdomestic violence.In conclusion, female nurses have a high prevalence of domestic violence, with significant impact on their psych. In addition to personal factors as age and husband education, certain work-related factors may contribute to this violence such as overtime and shift work. The study recommends educational programs to increase female nurses' awareness about domestic violence and the appropriate measures for prevention and management. Further research is proposed to examine the effect of such educational interventions on the prevalence of domestic violence among female nurses.
Pupal traits and adult emergence in the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) are affected by pupal density

The expectation is that the phenology of an herbivore is influenced by abiotic factors and its own population density during development. In this study, we investigated how the pupal density affected the pupal traits and emergence of Thaumetopoea pityocampa moths over a period of 3 years in two clearings in a pine forest. The pupae were larger in years when the pupal density was high and in the clearing exposed to less solar radiation. There was no relationship between the time of pupation and pupal size. Large pupae were positively correlated with an early emergence of adult moths and a longer period of adult emergence. Up to 13.9% of the pupae developed without cocoons, especially in years when they were abundant, but this did not affect the emergence of the moths. Incidence of pupal diapause was density-dependent and only occurred at a low level in dense populations. Overall, our results indicate that gregariousness confers important fitness-related advantages in this species.
NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILTY, PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND SOME SERUM BIO-INDICES AS AFFECTED BY VITAMIN A AND E SUPPLEMENT TO GROWING

ABSTRACTA total number of thirty two Ossimi male lambs (averaged 3 months old and 21.05 ± 1.06 kgBW) were used to evaluate the influence of vitamin A and E supplement on nutrient digestibility,productive performance and some serum bio-indices. The animals allocated into four equal groups.The first group without supplement served as control, while the treated lamb groups T1, T2 and T3were orally supplemented with vitamin A (50.000 IU/head/biweekly), vitamin E (400mg/head/biweekly), and vitamin A (50.000 IU) plus vitamin E (400 mg) /head/biweekly,respectively. The results showed no significant differences in all digestibility values of DM, OM,CP, EE, CF, ADF, NDF and NFE among lambs received treatments T1, T2 and T3 vs. control. Inaddition, averages percentages of nutritive values (DCP and TDN) were comparable for lambstreated with T1, T2 and T3 vs. control. Averages of final body weight (FBW) and daily gain (DG)were increased (P<0.05) for lambs of T1 and T3 compared with control or T2. The averages of FBWand DG were greater (P<0.05) for the treatment T3 than T1 or T2. No significant differences werenoticed in wheat straw intake, dry matter intake and total dry matter intake for lambs treated withT1, T2 and T3 vs. control. However, digestible crude protein intake and total digestible nutrientsintake increased (P<0.05) for lambs treated with T1, and T3 vs. control or T2. Feed conversion ofDMI, DCPI and TDNI were improved (P<0.05) for lambs received T1 and T3 vs. those received T2or control, with higher (P<0.05) improvement in FC-DCPI for lambs of T3 than those received T1or T2. Data indicated that serum total protein and globulin levels were higher (P<0.05) with alltreatments T1, T2 and T3 than control, while, serum albumin concentrations were increased (P<0.05)with treatments T1, and T3 vs. T2 or control. No significant differences in serum concentrations ofglucose, cholesterol and AST enzyme for lambs received T1, T2 and T3 compared with the untreatedcontrol lambs. It could conclude that supplement of vitamin A plus E has synergistic useful effectable to improve feed intakes and feed conversion of growing lambs, enhancing their performance and develop favorable signs in some serum bio-indices.
Experimental-based comparison between off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy and multipass-assisted wavelength modulation spectroscopy at 7.7 μm

A mid-infrared trace gas detection system based on off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) is demonstrated for accurate and sensitive detection of N2O in combination with a continuous wave external-cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) working around 7.7 μm. A 13-times improvement in signal-to-noise ratio is achieved using a re-injection mirror and a minimum detection limit of 70 ppbv in less than 10 s averaging time is achieved, which yields a noise-equivalent absorption sensitivity (NEAS) of 6×10−9 cm−1 Hz−1/2. For comparison, a compact multipass cell is deployed to measure the same absorption line of N2O using wavelength modulation spectroscopy with second harmonic detection (WMS-2f). An enhancement factor of 20 in comparison to direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) is achieved, yielding a minimum detection limit of 15 ppbv in less than 10 s averaging and a NEAS of 1×10−9 cm−1 Hz−1/2. A comprehensive comparison between the two systems is carried out in terms of residual amplitude noise (RAM), linearity, long-term stability, detection limit, spectral fitting, reproducibility, and background variations. The proposed sensor based on OA-ICOS is potentially advantageous for trace gas sensing in outdoor applications and harsh environments due to its robustness and flexibility of alignment. © 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement