Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Note on Strategic Renewal and Corporate Venturing in the Subsidiaries of Multinational Enterprises

The corporate entrepreneurship literature has recently been enriched by Birkinshaw's research on subsidiary initiatives in multinational enterprises (MNEs). In this article, we extend that work by discussing the conceptual and practical importance of distinguishing between strategic renewal and corporate venturing in subsidiaries. We present a set of propositions suggesting that the determinants of the two types of initiatives are different. We conclude with implications for both practitioners and researchers studying entrepreneurship in large MNEs.
Impact of etofenprox (Vectron 20 WP) indoor residual spray on malaria transmission.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE A longitudinal study was carried out to assess the impact of indoor residual spray with Vectron 20 WP (etofenprox) against Anopheles culicifacies and on malaria transmission in a selected village of Dadri primary health centre (PHC), District Gautam Budh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India. METHODS Two villages, namely Patadi and Anandpur in District Gautam Budh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, with similar malaria incidence and vector prevalence were selected for the present evaluation. In one village two rounds of indoor spraying of etofenprox (0.1 g/m(2)) were done at an interval of 12 wk and the other village was kept as control where no intervention except intensive active surveillance for early detection and prompt treatment (EDPT) was undertaken during the study period. Entomological and epidemiological data were collected using standard procedures. RESULTS Persistence of the effectiveness of etofenprox against An. culicifacies was observed up to 12 wk. Spraying of etofenprox significantly reduced the density (P<0.001) and proportion of parous An. culicifacies mosquitoes (P<0.05) in the experimental village. There was a significant reduction in malaria cases in the experimental village during the post-spray period when compared to the control village (P<0.05). No adverse effect was reported by the spraymen and inhabitants during and after the spray. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Indoor residual spray of etofenprox (0.1 g/m(2)) with an interval of three months in between two rounds of spray produced the desired impact in reducing the indoor resting density of vector mosquitoes and also in curtailing malaria transmission in the sprayed village when compared with the control village without spray.
Contribution of clinical screening to carrier detection in a large Chinese family with fabry disease due to a novel alpha‐galactosidase A gene deletion

Diagnosis of heterozygous Fabry patients is difficult because of its variable clinical manifestations and overlapping serum α‐galactosidase A (AGA) activity between carriers and non‐carriers. We tried to facilitate diagnosis of heterozygous Fabry patients by detailed clinical examination. We analyzed clinical presentations, biochemical, electrophysiological and genetic characteristics of 16 patients with Fabry disease in a large Chinese family.
Comparison between Closed-Loop and Partial Open-Loop Feedback Control Policies in Long-Term Hydrothermal Scheduling

Stochastic dynamic programming has been extensively used in the optimization of long-term hydrothermal scheduling problems due to its ability to cope with the nonlinear and stochastic characteristics of such problems and the fact that it provides a closed-loop feedback control policy. Its computational requirements, however, tend to be heavy even for systems with a small number of hydro plants, requiring some sort of modeling manipulation in order to be able to handle real systems. An alternative to closed-loop optimization is an approach that combines a deterministic optimization model with an inflow forecasting model in a partial open-loop feedback control framework. At each stage in this control policy, a forecast of the inflows during the period of planning is made, and an operational decision for the following stage is obtained by a deterministic optimization model. The present paper compares such closed-loop and partial open-loop feedback control policies in long term hydrothermal scheduling, using a single hydro plant system as a case study to focus the comparison on the feedback control performance. The comparison is made by simulation using data from historical and synthetical inflow sequences in the consideration of three different Brazilian hydro plants located in different river basins. Results have demonstrated that the performance of the partial open-loop feedback control policy is similar to that of the closed-loop control policy, and is even superior in dry streamfiow periods.
Why is it so Difficult? Trade Liberalization Under the Doha Agenda

Many explanations have been offered for the current difficulties of the World Trade Organization (WTO). In fact, the system appears to have managed many of these challenges reasonably well, including the increase in the number of members, its mediaeval decision-making procedures, the changing geopolitical environment, the rapid growth of preferential trade arrangements (PTAs), the complexity of its agreements, and concerns about erosion of unilateral preferences. By contrast, the near-exhaustion of the traditional fuel of industrial-country non-agricultural tariffs, the increasing importance of non-trade concerns, and incomplete adjustment to a new, multi-polar negotiating system appear to be important factors requiring further examination.
Doing what comes naturally? Why we need a practical ethics of teamwork

This paper challenges the belief that teamwork is a ‘natural’ form of work organization that satisfies universal human needs such as social affiliation and self-actualization. A corollary of this belief–that teamwork is a morally superior form of work organization–unnecessarily restricts debate about the desirability and usefulness of teams because any criticism comes to be seen as a denial of our essential humanity. Using an approach inspired by Michel Foucault's concept of ‘care of the self’, I will propose a practical ethics of teamwork that allows us to appreciate the moral ambiguities of teamwork.
Pentanucleotide Repeats : Highly Polymorphic Genetic Markers Displaying Minimal Stutter Artifact

Short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms are becoming the standard genetic markers used throughout the world for forensic DNA analysis and development of forensic databases (Hammond et al., 1994; Urquhart et al., 1994; Oldroyd et al., 1995; Lins et al., 1998). Early work with STR polymorphisms based on dinucleotide short tandem repeats immediately revealed the presence of artifact products, called stutter, which were associated with the PCR amplification of these loci (Levinson & Gutman, 1987; Schlotterer and Tautz, 1992). Stutter products are minor fragments that differ in size from the authentic alleles by one or more core repeat lengths. While problems with stutter has been much reduced with the adoption of current tetranucleotide STRs, stutter bands are still observed at intensity levels 2 – 15% of the authentic alleles. Additional reduction of the level of this artifact has been a goal of the forensic community since the first STR systems were identified. The motivation for reducing stutter is to simplify interpreting results, especially in DNA samples that are mixtures of two or more individuals or when two alleles from a single individual are close in size.
QoE-Based Distributed Multichannel Allocation in 5G Heterogeneous Cellular Networks: A Matching-Coalitional Game Solution

We investigate the problem of multichannel allocation for small-cell users (SUs) in 5G heterogeneous cellular networks by taking users’ quality of experience (QoE) into account. In most existing channel allocation approaches, they are assumed that each user can only transmit on one channel, and the optimization goal is the network throughput without considering users’ QoE demands. Moreover, the individual QoE losses of macro-cell users (MUs), which are caused by the cross-tiered interference, are not considered. In this paper, considering SUs’ QoE demands and the individual QoE losses of MUs, we propose a joint matching-coalitional game theoretical scheme to solve such a QoE-based multichannel allocation problem with individual cross-tiered interference constraint in each channel. Concretely, according to the different interference and competition relationships among users, we divide the complicated problem into two subproblems, i.e., $Q1$ : intra-cell channel allocation for SUs, and $Q2$ : inter-cell channel allocation for small-cell base stations. We formulate the intra-cell channel allocation as a many-to-one selfish matching game and formulate the inter-cell channel allocation subproblem as an altruistical coalitional game separately. Then, the complicated problem can be solved based on the two proposed games iteratively. We propose a joint channel allocation algorithm for the matching-coalitional game theoretical scheme. We prove that the proposed algorithm converges to a stable channel allocation profile. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves higher global SUs’ satisfaction than the smallest interference channel selection and random allocation.
Wideband frequency-domain material characterization up to 500 GHz

A compact quasioptical setup is designed and optimized for material characterization in the frequency range 50 GHz to 500 GHz. The S-parameters are measured with a commercial Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) together with its mm/sub-mm frequency extenders. A simple practical calibration process is used to determine the diffracted waves on the material surface. A new method is proposed to extract the complex permittivity of the material under closed-form formulas which can help for a parametric error analysis. Several material slabs are measured and the results are presented and analyzed.
Pay Now, Lose Later: The Role of Bonuses and Non-Equity Incentives in the Financial Meltdown of 2007-2009

This paper draws attention to and raises questions about an area of executive incentive compensation, bonuses and non-equity incentives, which seems to have disproportionally rewarded executives while shareholders remain exposed to substantial ongoing economic risks. This area of focus has surfaced because, beginning in 2007 and continuing throughout 2008, financial services firms incurred massive losses, while in the years immediately preceding this deluge of losses many executives were awarded substantial bonuses and non-equity incentives. We assess the risks associated with such payments and build a framework for assessing how shareholder and executive interests diverge as a result of bonuses and non-equity compensation. Our analysis is also meant to serve as a building block for future empirical studies about the relationship between executive incentive compensation paid in cash (bonuses and non-equity incentives) and the financial misstatements and overstatements of income that were at the heart of the financial meltdown.
Recession Prediction Using Yield Curve and Stock Market Liquidity Deviation Measures

This paper extends the benchmark Estrella and Hardouvelis (1991) term spread approach to recession forecasting by including the stock market macro liquidity deviation factor. We use a probit framework to predict US business cycles, as defined by the NBER between 1959Q1 and 2011Q4. We find that combining the yield curve parameter with the stock market liquidity deviation significantly improves our ability to predict the onset of a US recession, based both on in-sample and out-of-sample tests. In addition, changes in stock market depth further increase the accuracy of the model. Our findings suggest that economic forecasters and those charged with conducting economic stabilization policy more generally would benefit from monitoring not only the yield curve but also stock market depth and liquidity, and their deviation from one another.
Digital Prosperity: Understanding the Economic Benefits of the Information Technology Revolution

There have been surprisingly few attempts to catalogue what is known about the economic impact of information and communications technology (IT). In a new report, ITIF does just that, examining the impact of IT in five key areas: 1) productivity; 2) employment; 3) more efficient markets; 4) higher quality goods and services; and 5) innovation and new products and services. The report finds that the integration of IT into virtually all aspects of the economy and society is creating a digitally-enabled economy that is responsible for generating the lion's share of economic growth and prosperity, both here and abroad, including in developing nations. Importantly, the "IT engine" does not appear likely to run out of gas anytime soon and should power robust growth for at least the next decade, provided that policy makers take the right steps. Toward that end the report lays out five key public policy principles for driving digital prosperity: 1) give the digital economy its due; 2) actively encourage digital innovation and transformation of economic sectors; 3) use the tax code to spur IT investment; 4) encourage universal digital literacy and adoption; and 5) do no harm.
Export Market-Oriented Behavior and Export Performance: Quadratic and Moderating Effects under Differing Degrees of Market Dynamism and Internationalization

In general, findings in the market orientation research stream indicate that market orientation has a positive linear relationship with business success, and managers have been urged to be more market oriented, regardless of the firm's current market orientation level. The authors develop a theory that predicts that the relationship between market orientation and business performance is an inverted U shape, such that high levels of market orientation may reduce performance. The authors’ empirical study of firms’ export market-oriented (EMO) activities in their export operations finds support for the hypothesized inverted U-shaped relationship between EMO behavior and export sales performance. They show that the inverted U-shaped relationship becomes greater in magnitude (more pronounced) as market dynamism increases and that the optimal value of EMO behavior (i.e., the value that generates the highest performance return) decreases as market dynamism increases and increases as exporting firms’ internationalization increases. Therefore, they conclude that management's task is not to aim for ever-increasing levels of market orientation but to manage market orientation so that its level is optimal given the firm's environment and the international diversification strategy being pursued.
Dividends and Taxes: Some Empirical Evidence

This paper reexamines some recent tests of whether holders of shares with higher dividend yields receive higher risk-adjusted rates of return to compensate for the heavier taxes on dividend payments than on long-term capital gains. Our particular concern is with tests using short-run measures of dividend yield--that is, measures that seek to deduce the differential tax burden on dividends over long-term capital gains from differences in rates of return on shares that do not pay a cash dividend during the return interval. We show that such measures are inappropriate for that purpose. Any yield-related effects associated with such measures must arise from sources other than the long-term tax differential. For the short-run measures considered here, the yield-related effects found in some tests are traced to biases, one of a fairly subtle kind, introduced by dividend announcement effects.
On-Line Stator Open-Phase Fault Detection and Tolerant Control for Permanent Magnet Machines Using the Neutral Point Voltage

Conventional machine stator open-phase fault detection methods rely on the detection of current harmonics from the sensing of phase currents. Because the magnitudes of current harmonics are proportional to the machine load condition, it is a challenge for the phase fault detection at the light load condition when fault-induced current harmonics are too small to detect. This paper proposes an improved stator phase fault detection for permanent magnet (PM) machines based on the use of neutral point (NP) in Y-connected windings. It is shown that the first-order voltage harmonic is resultant once the open-phase fault occurs. Comparing with prior detection methods based on the current measurement, the fault detection using NP voltage is insensitive to the load condition, because the proposed fault signal is induced by the voltage unbalance as a result of the open phase. In addition, considering the fault tolerant control, a single-phase drive is developed by connecting the machine NP to one of the inverter legs. The machine can drive at the most efficient condition using standard three-leg inverters under phase fault. A 50-W PM machine with the accessible NP is used to evaluate the proposed open-phase fault detection and tolerant control method.
Management accounting practices in the Greek hospitality industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the level of adoption and the benefits derived from traditional and contemporary management accounting practices in the Greek hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach – An empirical survey via questionnaires was conducted on a sample of 85 leading hotels in Greece. Descriptive statistics on the adoption level, the relative benefits and future emphasis of individual practices provide the basis for discussion. Findings – The adoption rates for many recently developed practices were very satisfactory. Overall, traditional management accounting techniques (e.g. budgeting practices, profitability measures, product profitability analysis, customer profitability analysis absorption costing, and nonfinancial measures for performance evaluation) were found to be more widely adopted than recently developed tools. It is concluded that traditional management accounting is very much alive and well. Many hotels intended to place greater emphasis on more recently developed techniques in the future, particularly activity based costing techniques (activity based costing, activity based budgeting, and activity based management), balanced scorecard and benchmarking. Research limitations/implications – The study, examined a large array of items since, as with all surveys, it is possible that respondents may have misinterpreted some elements. Second, the findings of this study should be interpreted bearing in mind that the survey included the largest Greek hotels and not the general population of hotel enterprises. Finally, this research was limited to the Greek hotel sector. Originality/value – The survey provides a unique detailed examination of the management accounting practices and an indication of future trends.
The Time Dimension of Parking Economics

A model of demand for parking, evolving over time, is proposed. The model features both extensive (whether to park) and intensive (for how long to park) margins of parking demand, allows multidimensional heterogeneity of parkers, and evolution of demand throughout the day. I show that the optimal price for parking is proportional to the rate of arrival of new parkers and is inversely related to the square of the occupancy rate, which is different from previously discussed pricing methods. I show that the primary purpose of pricing is to regulate departures, rather than arrivals, of parkers. I also find that asymmetric information about parkers’ characteristics does not prevent the parking authority from achieving the social optimum. A numerical example compares the optimal policy against the alternatives.
What room for accident in history?: explaining big changes by small events

There is a kind of historiography that I would call optative: history as it might have, must have, should have been. ' One would not expect to find much of it in economic history, a branch that likes to pride itself on hard reasoning and exact proof; but we have it here as well. The classic instance is the debate over the social consequences of the industrial revolution (optimists versus pessimists). Both sides have been generous and ingenious in their mobilization of facts; yet both sides are essentially immune to them. One takes sides here because of conviction not by evidence, but rather by sympathy. And so in other classically inexhaustible debates: optative history is to be found whenever deduction takes precedence over induction, when the end (the result desired) determines as well as justifies the means. I should like to devote my attention here to a special subspecies of the genus optative history-what we may call history as accident. As some might put it: there but for the grace of God . ; or for the wrath of God. Or for the nonand unbelievers: a little nudge, and it could have, should have, gone the other way.
Investor Attention and Stock Market Volatility

We investigate, in a theoretical framework, the joint role played by investors' attention to news and learning uncertainty in determining asset prices. The model provides two main predictions. First, stock return variance and risk premia increase with both attention and uncertainty. Second, this increasing relationship is quadratic. We empirically test these two predictions, and we show that the data lend support to the increasing relationship. The evidence for a quadratic relationship is mixed. Overall, our study shows theoretically and empirically that both attention and uncertainty are key determinants of asset prices.
Financial Literacy Among Working Young in Urban India

The paper reports investigation of a study on the influence of various socio-demographic factors on different dimensions of financial literacy among the working young in urban India. While the influence of several factors such as gender, education and income is similar to what has been reported in other contexts, a few factors specific to India, such as joint-family and consultative decision making process are found to significantly influence financial literacy. The study also investigates the relationship between the dimensions of financial literacy. Adding to the growing empirical understanding of financial literacy across countries, the study provides an analytical basis for enunciating policy for enhancing financial literacy of youth in India.
Credit growth and macroprudential regulation: is ownership important?

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the impact of macroprudential policies (MPPs) on credit growth. Towards this end, the author uses quarterly data on Indian commercial banks for the period 2002:1 to 2012:1 that subsume the imposition of MPPs. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis uses the dynamic panel data (DPD) methodology to test the relevant hypotheses regarding the interlinkage between credit growth, bank ownership and MPPs. The DPD methodology has the advantage of being able to address the endogeneity between credit growth and macroprudential regulation. Findings – The results appear to suggest that MPPs targeted on provisions are relatively more effective in limiting credit expansion. When considered in conjunction with bank ownership, they appear to have much more force in moderating the severity of the credit cycle. Research limitations/implications – The lack of an extensive database on the relevant variables might hinder the robustness of the results. It is possible that MPPs are effect.
Global Events, National Politics, Local Lives: Young Muslim Men in Scotland

In this paper I explore the influence of global events on the lives and experiences of young Muslim men living in postdevolution urban Scotland. Expanding upon understandings of scale, I highlight the complex ways that scale is struggled for and over, and in doing so challenge the notion that young people are disengaged from, and apathetic about, mainstream politics. Drawing on the young men's reactions and experiences of the global, nation, state, and local scales following 11 September 2001 and the subsequent war in Iraq, in this paper I include the voices of minority ethnic youth in political geographies and understandings of political participation.