Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The construct validation of Iranian student's Reading Comprehension Tests through Multitrait- Multimethod Procedure

Construct validity is a process of investigating what a test measures, in which one validates a test not against a criterion or another test, but against a theory. There is a specialized construct validation procedure called Multitrait-Multimethod procedure. This study has aimed at determining the impact of testing method on Iranian EFL learner's reading comprehension using multitrait-multimethod procedure. In other words, this study has been an attempt to determine whether the learners who take multiple choice cloze tests on vocabulary and grammar would score significantly higher than those who take multiple choice paraphrase and multiple choice comprehension tests on vocabulary and grammar or vice versa. A population of 100 grade 4 male undergraduate students majoring English translation in Karaj Azad university have been selected as subjects. Following administration of a TOFEL test 35 students have been selected as final subjects to be tested. The research procedure has included three methods namely comprehension, cloze and paraphrase, each of which contained two traits of vocabulary and grammar. A battery of statistical analysis namely correlational analysis, multivariant analysis of variances and factor analysis has been employed to investigate the results. The findings have revealed that there has been a strong correlation among methods. They have also revealed that the method, skill and the interaction between them have a high impact on the mean scores of different tests. The findings have also indicated that it has been due to the teachers and test practitioners to make use of different methods in their testing methodologies. (Sohrab Rezaei. The construct validation of Iranian student's Reading Comprehension Tests through Multitrait-Multimethod Procedure. Life Sci J 2012;9(3):2118-2126) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com . 306
Worldwide inequality in access to full text scientific articles: the example of ophthalmology

Background The problem of access to medical information, particularly in low-income countries, has been under discussion for many years. Although a number of developments have occurred in the last decade (e.g., the open access (OA) movement and the website Sci-Hub), everyone agrees that these difficulties still persist very widely, mainly due to the fact that paywalls still limit access to approximately 75% of scholarly documents. In this study, we compare the accessibility of recent full text articles in the field of ophthalmology in 27 established institutions located worldwide. Methods A total of 200 references from articles were retrieved using the PubMed database. Each article was individually checked for OA. Full texts of non-OA (i.e., “paywalled articles”) were examined to determine whether they were available using institutional and Hinari access in each institution studied, using “alternative ways” (i.e., PubMed Central, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and Online Reprint Request), and using the website Sci-Hub. Results The number of full texts of “paywalled articles” available using institutional and Hinari access showed strong heterogeneity, scattered between 0% full texts to 94.8% (mean = 46.8%; SD = 31.5; median = 51.3%). We found that complementary use of “alternative ways” and Sci-Hub leads to 95.5% of full text “paywalled articles,” and also divides by 14 the average extra costs needed to obtain all full texts on publishers’ websites using pay-per-view. Conclusions The scant number of available full text “paywalled articles” in most institutions studied encourages researchers in the field of ophthalmology to use Sci-Hub to search for scientific information. The scientific community and decision-makers must unite and strengthen their efforts to find solutions to improve access to scientific literature worldwide and avoid an implosion of the scientific publishing model. This study is not an endorsement for using Sci-Hub. The authors, their institutions, and publishers accept no responsibility on behalf of readers.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS-BASED COGNITIVE THERAPY IN REDUCING PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS, META-WORRY AND THOUGHT FUSION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS

Purpose: Multiple sclerosis is a progressive neurological disease and a cause of many disabilities in individuals. Set of symptoms and the chronic nature of this disease, together impair the mental state of the person and cause awidervariety of psychological symptoms worsening the disease. Therefor, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness psychological symptoms, meta-worry and thought fusion in patients suffering from Multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental research in which pretest, post test and control group designs were used. The population included all patients recognized having multiple sclerosis admitted to the Multiple sclerosis Society of Kermanshah, among whom 24 people were chosenusing random sampling for both experimental and control groups. The instruments of study were the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Fatigue Severity Scale, Meta-worry Questionnaire, Thought Fusion Inventory and the mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy package. Results: The results of the study showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy effectively lowers the rates of depression, anxiety, meta-worry and thought fusion in patients with Multiple sclerosis but is not effective in reducing fatigue severity in these patients. Conclusion: Although drug treatments are effective in relieving the symptoms of Multiple sclerosis, they conversely accompany with a lot of side effects. Thus, the implicit orientation of this study suggests that the variables of depression, anxiety, meta-worry and thought fusion can significantly be improved as the result ofmindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Health authorities in this area should try to consider this therapy as a complementary therapy in the afore mentioned patients.
Optimal Switching in an Economic Activity Under Uncertainty

This paper considers the problem of finding the optimal sequence of opening (starting) and closing (stopping) times of a multi- activity production process, given the costs of opening, running, and closing the activities and assuming that the state of the economic system is a stochastic process. The problem is formulated as an extended impulse control problem and solved using stochastic calculus. As an application, the optimal starting and stopping strategy are explicitly found for a resource extraction when the price of the resource is following a geometric Brownian motion.
A Novel Flower-Like Ag/AgCl/BiOCOOH Ternary Heterojunction Photocatalyst: Facile Construction and Its Superior Photocatalytic Performance for the Removal of Toxic Pollutants

Novel 3D flower-like Ag/AgCl/BiOCOOH ternary heterojunction photocatalysts were fabricated by the solvothermal and in-situ precipitation methods, followed by light reduction treatment. The Ag/AgCl nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed on 3D BiOCOOH microspheres. These obtained catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL). As expected, they exhibited extraordinary photocatalytic capabilities for the elimination of rhodamine B (RhB) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) under simulated sunlight, the results revealed that the Ag/AgCl/BiOCH-3 with 20 wt. % of Ag/AgCl possessed the maximum activity, and the rate constant for the RhB degradation reached up to 0.1353 min−1, which was about 16.5 or 12.2 times that of bare BiOCOOH or Ag/AgCl. The PL characterization further verified that Ag/AgCl/BiOCOOH heterojunctions were endowed with the effective separation of photogenerated carriers. The excellent photocatalytic ability of Ag/AgCl/BiOCOOH could be credited to the synergistic interactions between Ag/AgCl and BiOCOOH, which not only substantially widened the light absorption, but also evidently hindered the charge recombination. The trapping experiments revealed that the dominant reactive species in RhB removal were h+, •OH, and •O2− species. In addition, Ag/AgCl/BiOCOOH was quite stable and easily recyclable after multiple cycles. The above results imply that the 3D flower-like Ag/AgCl/BiOCOOH ternary heterojunction photocatalyst holds promising prospects in treating industrial wastewater.
Sow Thistle Chloroplast Genomes: Insights into the Plastome Evolution and Relationship of Two Weedy Species, Sonchus asper and Sonchus oleraceus (Asteraceae)

Prickly sow thistle, Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, and common sow thistle, Sonchus oleraceus L. , are noxious weeds. Probably originating from the Mediterranean region, they have become widespread species. They share similar morphology and are closely related. However, they differ in their chromosome numbers and the precise relationship between them remains uncertain. Understanding their chloroplast genome structure and evolution is an important initial step toward determining their phylogenetic relationships and analyzing accelerating plant invasion processes on a global scale. We assembled four accessions of chloroplast genomes (two S. asper and two S. oleraceus) by the next generation sequencing approach and conducted comparative genomic analyses. All the chloroplast genomes were highly conserved. Their sizes ranged from 151,808 to 151,849 bp, containing 130 genes including 87 coding genes, 6 rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole chloroplast genome sequences showed that S. asper shares a recent common ancestor with S. oleraceus and suggested its likely involvement in a possible amphidiploid origin of S. oleraceus. In total, 79 simple sequence repeats and highly variable regions were identified as the potential chloroplast markers to determine genetic variation and colonization patterns of Sonchus species.
Formin mDia1 contributes to migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of tubular epithelial cells exposed to TGF‐β1

Renal tubular epithelial cells may undergo epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to stimuli, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, leading to myofibroblast activation and renal fibrosis. The formin mDia1 is required for nucleation and polymerization of actin and the microtubule cytoskeleton. The present study sought to explore the role of mDia1 in EMT of tubular epithelial cells. A rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was established. The expression of TGF‐β1, collagen I, collagen III, and mDia1 in the kidneys was examined at day 7 after surgery. The effect of mDia1 on EMT was explored in NRK‐52E cells by exposing them to TGF‐β1. Increased expression of TGF‐β1, collagen I, collagen III, and mDia1 was found in obstructive kidneys of UUO model rats. Exposing rat tubular epithelial cells to TGF‐β1 promoted collagen I and collagen III expression but had no effect on mDia1 expression. Silencing mDia1 expression impeded epithelial cell migration as well as reduced TGF‐β1, collagen, and Profilin1 expression, whereas mDia1 overexpression exerted an opposite effect. Furthermore, mDia1 regulated the expression of vimentin, α‐smooth muscle actin, and E‐cadherin and focal adhesion‐kinase (FAK)/Src activation through Profilin1. Inhibition of the mDia1 activator RhoA by fasudil reversed EMT, and FAK/Src activation induced by mDia1. In conclusion, mDia1 regulated tubular epithelial cell migration, collagen expression, and EMT in NRK‐52E cells exposed to TGF‐β1. Thus, suppression of mDia1 activation might be a strategy to counteract renal fibrosis.
Kinetics and Chemorheological Analysis of Cross-Linking Reactions in Humins

Humins is a biomass-derived material, co-product of the acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose to platform chemicals. This work presents a thorough study concerning the crosslinking kinetics of humins by chemorheological analysis and model-free kinetics under isothermal and non-isothermal curing. Humins can auto-crosslink under the effect of temperature, and the reaction can be fastener when adding an acidic initiator. Thus, the effect of P-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (pTSA) on the crosslinking kinetics was also studied. The dependencies of the effective activation energy (Eα-dependencies) were determined by an advanced isoconversional method and correlated with the variation of complex viscosity during curing. It is shown that humins curing involves multi-step complex reactions and that the use of an acidic initiator allows faster crosslinking at lower temperatures, involving lower Eα. The shift from chemical to diffusion control was also estimated.
Optimal placement of electrodes for treatment of post-stroke dysphagia by neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with effortful swallowing.

INTRODUCTION We aimed to determine the optimal placement of electrodes for neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for post-stroke dysphagia therapy. METHODS 31 patients with post-stroke dysphagia were randomised to three groups according to NMES electrode placement. In Group A (n = 10), two pairs of electrodes were attached horizontally on the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles. In Group B (n = 11), one pair of electrodes was attached horizontally on the suprahyoid muscles while the other was attached vertically on the infrahyoid muscles. In Group C (n = 10), the electrodes were attached vertically, with one pair above the hyoid bone and the other above the cricoid cartilage. All patients received rehabilitation treatment via NMES combined with effortful swallowing training five times weekly for four weeks. The effect of NMES electrode placement was assessed in terms of the Functional Dysphagia Scale (FDS) and Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS) scores. RESULTS Group A showed significantly greater improvement than Group B in overall FDS (p = 0.009) and pharyngeal-phase FDS (FDS-P; p = 0.005) scores. Group A also showed significant improvement when compared with Group C in overall FDS (p = 0.001) and FDS-P (p = 0.001) scores. CONCLUSION Horizontal placement of the NMES electrodes on the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles for the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia by NMES combined with effortful swallowing was more effective than the horizontal and vertical placement of electrodes on the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles, respectively, and their vertical placement above the hyoid bone and cricoid cartilage.
ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH AUDITABLE PHARMACEUTICAL TRANSACTION AND SERVICES (APTS) AT HIWOT FANA SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN THE HARARI REGION, ETHIOPIA

Background: Auditable pharmaceutical transaction and services was first piloted at DebraMarko’s Hospital and then scaled up to other Hospitals in the Amhara region. It institutes transparency and accountability in the way medicines are managed at health facilities and improves the overall performance of pharmacy services, thereby enhancing the quality of services and minimizing the wastage of resources. Objective: To assess patient satisfaction with Auditable pharmaceutical transaction and services on the outpatient pharmacy of Hiwotfana specialized university hospital Harar. Methods: cross-sectional study design was conducted in the Eastern part of Ethiopia at HararHiwotfana specialized University hospital on patient satisfaction with Auditable pharmaceutical transaction and services from May to June 2017 on patients, 323, who come to the outpatient pharmacy during the study period was included in the study. Data was collected using structured questionnaires measuring satisfaction of patients using a Likert scale of 1–5 through face-to-face interviews. The collected data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version20. Descriptivestasticalmethods crosstab were used to analyze quantitative data. Results: Among the study pupation included in this study in Hiwotfana specialized university hospital 200(61.9%) were male and 123(38.1%) are females. Majority of the patients who served in this hospital during our study times were with age 27-37 years(47.4%) from this (45.8%)live in urban area and (54.2%) lived in rural areas. Availability of drug that is prescribed 37(11.5%) very satisfied, 114(35.3%) satisfied, 87(26.9%) neutral, 33(10.2%) dissatisfied and 52(16.1%) very dissatisfied. the overall pharmacy services 21(6.5%) verysatisfied, 123(38.1%) satisfied,145(44.9%) neutral and 34(10.5%) very dissatisfied. WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES SJIF Impact Factor 6.647 Volume 6, Issue 9, 212-229 Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357 Article Received on 10 July 2017, Revised on 01 August 2017, Accepted on 22 August 2017, DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20179-10008 *Corresponding Author Yohanes Reta Harar, Ethiopia.
Simulating feedback from nuclear clusters: the impact of multiple sources

MAB acknowledges an STFC grant and an STFC research studentship support. CP acknowledges support of ARC Discovery Project DP140100198 and an ARC Future Fellowship ARC FT130100041. This research used the DiRAC Complexity system, operated by the University of Leicester IT Services, which forms part of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). This equipment is funded by BIS National EInfrastructure capital grant ST/K000373/1 and STFC DiRAC Operations grant ST/K0003259/1. DiRAC is part of the UK National EInfrastructure.
Marital status and biological condition of Polish males

Strong evidence for marital differences in mortality has been demonstrated in a large number of countries. Married men and women have lower death rates than unmarried individuals within each adult age group. Additionally, married persons tend to be healthier as compared to unmarried. In the literature two explanations for this patterning have been proposed. The health selection hypothesis. suggested that disabled or less healthy people are not as likely to get married as the healthy ones. In . the social causation hypothesis . , marriage yields health benefits through emotional and social support which may act as a buffer against the effects of life stress. In this study, . the social causation hypothesis. is supported.
Online Dating and Social Media for Developing Virtual Buyer-Seller Relationships: A Theoretical Examination of the Literature

The more people connect with people, the more they trust them. Technology has helped to provide additional ways for people to connect with each other. Despite the usefulness of technology and the analogy between buyer-seller relationships and interpersonal relationships between men and women, specifically leading to marriage, no one has examined the potential of using online dating tools to help create trust online for salespeople. The purpose of this theoretical paper is to examine the marketing, information technology sales, communications, sociology and psychology literature to suggest how salespeople can use technology to establish virtual or nearly virtual relationships with customers. We suggest that online dating and social media tools have the potential to serve as a good model for virtual buyerseller relationship. This study provides significant impact upon previous literature by adding and suggesting a technology extension of the buyer seller relationship building process.
Investigation of plasma-treated water for plant growth

This thesis investigated nitrate and hydrogen peroxide generation in contact with water and studied this plasma-treated water for plant growth. The plasma-treated water significantly stimulated wheat seedling growth, as nitrate serves as a N fertilizer and hydrogen peroxide acts as a signalling molecule for plants. This thesis suggests plasma-treated water has potential for wider applications in agriculture.
Effect of hybrid fibers, calcium carbonate whisker and coarse sand on mechanical properties of cement-based composites

Nowadays researchers are developing a new hybrid fiber reinforced cement-based composites (HyFRCC). The new HyFRCC can restrain micro-cracking, improves compressive and flexural performance of beams by addition of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) whisker, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber and steel fiber. In this work, a mix optimization procedure is shown for multi-scale HyFRCC, with steel, PVA fiber and CaCO 3 whisker. The new HyFRCC is explored with addition of coarse sand to further improve its mechanical properties. Additionally, the flexural performance of beam and slabs has been investigated to optimize sand gradation and fiber combination in new HyFRCC. The compressive strength, flexural strength, flexural behavior, flexural toughness, equivalent flexural strength and deflection-hardening behavior of beams and slabs are improved with optimized content of sand gradation, fibers and CaCO 3 whisker. The HyFRCC slab with 1.5% steel fiber, 0.4% PVA fiber, 1% CaCO 3 whisker and optimized coarse sand showed overall best properties.
Effects of text structures on children's reading comprehension

Text types have long been found to affect the reading comprehension or information recall of adult or adolescent language learners (Alvermann & Boothby, 1982; Carrell, 1985; Law, 1995). Furthermore, recent studies have shown that L1 children often encounter difficulties in transition from reading fiction in the lower grades to reading nonfiction in the upper grades. Camp (2000) therefore suggested that pairing fiction and nonfiction books on the same topic, along with interactive class strategies, can encourage children to read for comprehension and enjoyment. However, only impressionistic positive results on five case studies have been reported. This study then aims to investigate the impact of text structures and language proficiency levels on reading comprehension of 5th graders in Taiwan. The subjects were 119 students of three reading proficiency levels. A compare/contrast expository text paired with its respective fiction text were used as the testing materials. Multiple-choice comprehension tests and written recalls were used to measure the learners’ comprehension of the two types of texts. Though the pair books of the twin texts were judged by the publisher to be of equal difficulty level, results of this study showed that the fifth graders performed significantly better in comprehending the fiction text than the nonfiction text. Complied with the findings of previous studies conducted in L1 environment, the results indicated that the nonfiction text posed greater reading difficulty than the fiction text for the Chinese EFL learners. Results further revealed that text structure and language proficiency levels are factors affecting these learners’ reading comprehension.
Relationship between Recycling Rate and Air Pollution in the State of Massachusetts

Recycling can be an effective tool for reducing waste generation, eliminating waste disposal sent in landfills and incinerators and reducing environmental pollution. Moreover, recycling is one way to achieve sustainable use of natural resources and to protect the environment and human health. However, the relationship between air pollution and recycling has been neglected in the previous economic studies. This study examines this relationship using panel data from a waste municipality survey in the state of Massachusetts during the period 2009- 2012. In addition, the analysis considers economic factors, as unemployment rate and income per capita, meteorological variables, as well as, it accounts for additional municipality characteristics, such as population density and trash collection services. The approach followed is a fixed effects model which controls for stable time invariant characteristics of the municipalities, thereby eliminating potentially large sources of bias. The findings support that a negative relationship between recycling rate and particulate particles in the air of 2.5 micrometres or less in size (PM2.5) is present.