Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cambrian microfossils from glacial erratics of King George Island, Antarctica

Limestone erratics in the Early Miocene glacio-marine Cape Melville Formation of King George Island, Antarctica, have yielded Early and Middle Cambrian small skeletal fossils (SSF) accompanied by calcified cyanobacteria, archaeocyath and spiculate sponges, trilobites and echinoderms. The SSF assemblage comprises disarticulated sclerites of chancelloriids, halkieriids, tommotiids, lapworthellids, palaeoscolecids, hyolithelminths, lingulate brachiopods, helcionelloid molluscs, hyoliths, and bradoriids. All 24 described species are common to Antarctica and Australia. Most are recorded here from Antarctica for the first time, including Shetlandia multiplicata gen. et sp. nov. and two new species Byronia? bifida and Hadimopanella staurata. The lithological and fossil contents of the boulders are almost identical with autochthonous assemblages from the Shackleton Limestone in the Argentina Range and Transantarctic Mountains. Cambrian outcrops around the Weddell Sea are a plausible source of the erratics. The fauna is closely similar to that from the uppermost Botomian Wilkawillina Limestone in the Flinders Ranges and Parara Limestone on Yorke Peninsula, and Toyonian Wirrealpa and Aroona Creek Limestones in the Flinders Ranges, as well as the Ramsay Limestone on Yorke Peninsula, all in the Arrowie and Stansbury Basins of South Australia. These very similar faunal and facies successions for Antarctica and Australia strongly support their common biotic and sedimentary evolution on the same margin of a greater Gondwana supercontinent throughout the Early Cambrian.
Evidence to Challenge the ''2% Rule'' for Biotelemetry

Abstract Swimming performance was compared among groups of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (5–10 g) with and without intraperitoneally implanted radio transmitters. The generally accepted rule of 2% body weight : transmitter weight was extended to a 6–12% ratio, and swimming performance was not altered by the presence of the transmitter or effects of the operation. Also, no relationship was found between the weight of the fish and its swimming performance among the groups examined. Although we found swimming performance was not affected by implantation of transmitters weighing up to 12% of the body weight, changes in behavior were not evaluated. We suggest further research be done so that the “2% rule” can be replaced by an index with a more scientific basis. Instead of using a scale based on percentage of transmitter to body weight in air, preferred indices could be weight in water, volume of the tag, or both.
EFFECT OF COMPOST AND SOME BIOSTIMULANT TREATMENTS ON GUAR PLANTS. A-VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND SEED YIELD

This experiment was conducted at Abo Qurkas district, Minia Governorate during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015 to study the effect of compost and biostimulant treatments on growth and yield of guar plants. The data indicated that the application of compost (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 ton/fed) significantly increased plant height, number of branches/plant, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of shoot/plant and per fed, root system traits, number of pods/plant, seed yield/plant and /fed comparing with control. The plants treated with Vit. E and plant extracts (garlic, moringa, aloe and green tea) each at two concentrations showed significant increases in all investigated parameters, in both seasons, as compared with the control. Among the ten treatments either garlic extract (300 ppm) or green tea extract at (150 ppm) gave the best results in this concern. The interaction was significant and the highest values in all measurements were obtained with compost (5 ton/fed) plus garlic extract (300 ppm) or green tea (150 ppm).
I. Description and first results

The ESO Slice Project (ESP) is a galaxy redshift survey we have recently completed as an ESO Key-Project. The ESP covers 23.3 square degrees in a region close to the South Galactic Pole. The survey is nearly complete (85%) to the limiting magnitude bJ = 19.4 and consists of 3342 galaxies with reliable redshift determination. In this paper, the first in a series that will present the results of the ESP survey, we describe the main characteristics of the survey and briefly discuss the properties of the galaxy sample. From a preliminary spectral analysis of a large sub-sample of 2550 galaxies we find that the fraction of actively star-forming galaxies increases from a few percent for the brightest galaxies up to about 40% for the galaxies fainter than M = −16.5 +5 logh . The most outstanding feature in the ESP redshift distribution is a very significant peak at z ' 0.1. The detection of similar peaks, at the same distance, in other surveys in the same region of the sky, suggests the presence of a large bidimensional structure perpendicular to the line of sight. The minimum size of this structure would be of the order of 100× 50 h−1 Mpc , comparable with the size of the Great Wall.
PREVALENCIA DE LOS TRASTORNOS MENTALES EN LA POBLACIÓN MAYOR

In our country, there are not many researches which analyze in a general way, the mental disorders prevailing within the older people. So, the purpose of this research was focused in the analysis of more common disorders in older people who require psychological and/or psychiatric help. For this purpose, it was analyzed the medical history of 2,054 people of more than 60 years old who went to the District Mental Health Department within the last 10 years and were diagnosed according to the criteria of diagnosis given by the ICD-10. The results obtained showed that the disorders for what those people went to the Mental Health Department, more frequently old people, were neurotic due to stressful situations and somatomorphic disorders, emotional disorders and organic mental disorders including symptomatic. Men are only above of women in mental and behavioral disorders due to the consumption of psychotrop substances and behavioral disorders due to physiological malfunctions and physical factors. Likewise, divorced or separated men have a higher consumption of psychotrop substances together with several personality disorders. Finally, it is important to highlight that there is a direct connection between the age increase and the prevalence of organic mental disorders including symptomatic disorders.
Costly Information, Planning Complementarity and the New Keynesian Phillips Curve

I show that in a setting with costly information processing, strategic complementarity in pricing, by generating planning complementatrities, results in the aggregate price responding slowly to nominal shocks even though individual firm prices change by large amounts in response to idiosyncratic shocks. Klenow and Kryvtsov (2008) conclude that none of the commonly used pricing models is capable of matching all the facts from micro data and at the same time generate a large and persistent response to monetary policy. Unlike the standard state dependent pricing models which rely on physical costs of changing prices to generate unresponsiveness of prices, I instead focus on costs of planning and processing information, a channel which researchers have found empirically more important than physical costs of changing prices in determining pricing decisions of firms. The model is able to match all the features of micro pricing data and at the same time generates a sluggish response of aggregate price to monetary policy, thus predicting a short run Phillips curve. Also, the model generates firms behavior in which they set price plans rather than prices and also shows that firms may choose to index prices to long run inflation optimally as is often assumed in New-Keynesian models. The paper highlights the fact that to explain non-neutrality in the short run, prices need not be sticky, it is just that they do not contain all the information in the short run but become informationally efficient in the long run resulting in a long run neutrality result.
Casein fraction of ovine milk from indigenous Greek breeds

Whole casein fractions isoelectrically prepared from bulk milks from four different indi- genous Greek ovine breeds were analysed by urea-PAGE and reversed-phase HPLC. Individual caseins prepared by fractionation on a cation-exchange column were used to locate the peaks on the chromatograms. Apart from heterogeneity that was depicted in the peak shape of caseins, there was also quantitative variability regarding the αs- and β-casein contents. According to the RP-HPLC results, the relative percentages of individual caseins ranged as follows: κ-casein from 9.1% to 10.8%, αs2-casein from 12.0% to 16.4%, αs1-casein from 33.9% to 39.9% and β-casein from 37.0% to 42.3%. According to the results obtained by both methods, the composition of the casein fraction from the Karagouniko breed was the most different, since it had the greatest β-casein content and the lowest αs-casein to β-casein ratio. The relative percentages of the individual caseins in two of the four breeds (Frisarta and Chios) were similar. The quantification results of urea-PAGE and RP- HPLC analyses were in general similar with respect to the means. However, the relative standard deviations of the chromatographic method were better and this was also true for the resolution of the components of the whole casein fraction. Ovine casein / indigenous ovine breeds / chromatography / RP-HPLC / electrophoresis
Responses of Transplanted Native Tree Species to Invasive Alien Grass Removals in an Abandoned Cattle Pasture in the Lacandon Region, Mexico

We tested the early performance of 16 native early-, mid-, and late-successional tree species in response to four intensities of grass removal in an abandoned cattle pasture dominated by the introduced, invasive African grass, Cynodon plectostachyus, within the Lacandon rainforest region, southeast Mexico. The increase in grass removals significantly improved the performance of many species, especially of early- and mid-successional species, while performance of late-successional species was relatively poor and did not differ significantly among treatments. Good site preparation and at least one additional grass removal four months after seedling transplant were found to be essential; additional grass removals led to improved significantly performance of saplings in most cases. In order to evaluate the potential of transplanting tree seedlings successfully in abandoned tropical pastures, we developed a “planting risk index”, combining field performance measurements and plantation cost estimations. Our results showed a great potential for establishing restoration plantings with many early- and mid-successional species. Although planting risk of late-successional species was considered high, certain species showed some possibilities of acclimation after 18 months and should be considered in future plantation arrangements in view of their long-term contributions to biodiversity maintenance and also to human welfare through delivery of ecosystem services. Conducting a planting risk analysis can help avoid failure of restoration strategies involving simultaneous planting of early-, mid-, and late-successional tree species. This in turn will improve cost-effectiveness of initial interventions in large-scale, long-term restoration programs.
On Dirichlet Problem for a Class of Delayed Reaction – Diffusion Equations with Spatial Nonlocality Taishan

We consider a very general class of delayed reaction–diffusion equations in which the reaction term can be non-monotone as well as spatially non-local. By employing comparison technique and a dynamical system approach, we study the global asymptotic behavior of solutions to the equation subject to the homogeneous Dirichlet condition. Established are threshold results and global attractiveness of the trivial steady state, as well as the existence, uniqueness and global attractiveness of a positive steady state solution to the problem. As illustrations, we apply our main results to the local delayed diffusive Mackey–Glass equation and the nonlocal delayed diffusive Nicholson blowfly equation, leading to some very sharp results for these two particular models.
Selection of a Barley Yield Model Using Information–Theoretic Criteria

Abstract Empirical models of crop–weed competition are integral components of bioeconomic models, which depend on predictions of the impact of weeds on crop yields to make cost-effective weed management recommendations. Selection of the best empirical model for a specific crop–weed system is not straightforward, however. We used information–theoretic criteria to identify the model that best describes barley yield based on data from barley–wild oat competition experiments conducted at three locations in Montana over 2 yr. Each experiment consisted of a complete addition series arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Barley was planted at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 times the locally recommended seeding rate. Wild oat was planted at target infestation densities of 0, 10, 40, 160, and 400 plants m−2. Twenty-five candidate yield models were used to describe the data from each location and year using maximum likelihood estimation. Based on Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), a second-order small-sample version of AIC (AICc), and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), most data sets supported yield models with crop density (Dc), weed density (Dw), and the relative time of emergence of the two species (T) as variables, indicating that all variables affected barley yield in most locations. AIC, AICc, and BIC selected identical best models for all but one data set. In contrast, the Information Complexity criterion, ICOMP, generally selected simpler best models with fewer parameters. For data pooled over years and locations, AIC, AICc, and BIC strongly supported a single best model with variables Dc, Dw, T, and a functional form specifying both intraspecific and interspecific competition. ICOMP selected a simpler model with Dc and Dw only, and a functional form specifying interspecific, but no intraspecific, competition. The information–theoretic approach offers a rigorous, objective method for choosing crop yield and yield loss equations for bioeconomic models. Nomenclature: Wild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFA; barley, Hordeum vulgare L.
The gynostemium of Hemipiliopsis purpureopunctata and Senghasiella glaucifolia, two taxonomically disputed species of Habenariinae (Orchidaceae)

The gynostemium structure and ontogeny of two taxonomically disputed orchids, Hemipiliopsis (= Habenaria) purpureopunctata and Senghasiella (= Habenaria) glaucifolia, are described and illustrated by scanning electron micrographs. The early gynostemium ontogeny of Hemipiliopsis purpureopunctata is shown to be fundamentally similar to that of the species of the tribe Orchideae that have been previously studied. This includes the initiation sequence of sepals, petals and lip, form and orientation of anthers, three-lobed condition of median carpel apex, and presence of auricles and basal bulges. During the later developmental stages some differences occur. The stigma processes of Senghasiella glaucifolia are united into a tongue-shaped organ, and the lateral rostellum lobes of Hemipiliopsis purpureopunctata protrude forwards with their viscidia positioned above the spur-mouth. Based on gynostemium characters, the generic rank of Hemipiliopsis was confirmed, but that of Senghasiella was not supported. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 147, 191‐196. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: generic rank ‐ Habenaria ‐ ontogeny ‐ Orchideae.
The Australian growth miracle: an evolutionary macroeconomic explanation

An evolutionary macroeconomic approach is applied to explain economic growth in Australia from 1901 to 2008. Support is found for the hypothesis that there were two distinct developmental phases: before and after World War II. The evidence suggests that, in each phase, growth followed an innovation diffusion trajectory made possible by a growing capital stock. In the first phase, capital equipment seems to have augmented labour while, in the second, it reduced labour inputs, replaced by cheap fossil fuel inputs. This allowed significant transfers of labour into an expanding service sector. Strong economies of scale were operative in both phases, with labour hour inputs dominating in the first phase and fossil fuel consumption in the second. The results indicate that the Australian economy currently has very strong growth potential over the coming decade, although its heavy reliance on fossil fuels is viewed as a threat in the medium term.
Effects of Gender and Personality Traits of Front-Desk Employees on Customers' Assessment of Service Quality: Evidence from Islamic Banks in the UAE

This paper examined the effects of front-desk employees’ personality traits and their gender on customers’ assessment of Islamic banks' service quality in the United Arab Emirates. We used a sample of 104 front-desk employees and 454 customers. The Mini-Markers instrument was used to assess personality traits and the SERVPERF instrument to collect data on service quality for a pair-matching sample design. We used regression analysis to determine the relationship between the five factors of personality of front-desk employees, their gender, and the overall bank service quality as well as each of its dimensions. The paper provided evidence indicating that personality traits do not have their own independent effects on customers’ perceptions of Islamic banks' service quality. Although Lin, Chui and Hsieh (2001) found supporting results for such linkages when they studied service quality in four service sectors (not including banks) in Taiwan, we concluded that these effects may be dependent on other factors such as culture, research design, or industry characteristics. However, employees’ gender was found to have significant effects on the empathy dimension of service quality. The originality of this paper lies in its attempt to link personality traits of front-desk employees of banks to customers’ perceptions of service quality in the UAE. It is the first study that uses the Mini-Markers and SERVPERF together in the UAE to achieve its purpose. Its value lies in its contribution to the settlement of the debate about possible linkages between employees’ personality traits and service quality perceptions.
Individual Investor Perceptions and Behavior During the Financial Crisis

Combining monthly survey data with matching trading records, we examine how individual investor perceptions change and drive trading and risk-taking behavior during the 2008–2009 financial crisis. We find that investor perceptions fluctuate significantly during the crisis, with risk tolerance and risk perceptions being less volatile than return expectations. During the worst months of the crisis, investors’ return expectations and risk tolerance decrease, while their risk perceptions increase. Towards the end of the crisis, investor perceptions recover. We document substantial swings in trading and risk-taking behavior that are driven by changes in investor perceptions. Overall, individual investors continue to trade actively and do not de-risk their investment portfolios during the crisis.
Coinfection by avirulent Rhodococcus equi and Klebsiella oxytoca as a cause of atypical abortion in a thoroughbred mare

Introduction: The majority of abortions in mares are associated with placental infections caused by opportunistic bacteria. Rhodococcus equi is widespread in the environment of stud farms and Klebsiella oxytoca is found on the mucosal surfaces of horses. Both can occasionally cause placental infection and abortion in mares. To the best of our knowledge, however, there have been no reports of R. equi and K. oxytoca coinfection in mares experiencing placentitis and abortion. The present report describes an uncommon case of abortion caused by R. equi and K. oxytoca coinfection in a thoroughbred mare in Brazil, in which the virulence profile of R. equi was investigated. Case Presentation: A 6‐year‐old thoroughbred mare, in her first pregnancy, showed increased uteroplacental junction and suspected placentitis on transabdominal ultrasound. The mare aborted a 10‐month‐old female fetus. A field necropsy was performed and hydrallantois was diagnosed. Conclusion: Although we isolated an avirulent strain of R. equi, coinfection of R. equi and K. oxytoca in the placenta and uterus probably potentiated the pathogenic effect of these micro‐organisms, resulting in abortion.
Statistical Analysis of Torus and Kink Instabilities in Solar Eruptions

A recent laboratory experiment of ideal magnetohydrodynamic instabilities revealed four distinct eruption regimes readily distinguished by the torus instability (TI) and helical kink instability (KI) parameters. To establish its observational counterpart, we collected 38 solar flares (stronger than GOES-class M5 in general) that took place within 45° of disk center during 2011–2017, 26 of which are associated with a halo or partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME; i.e., ejective events), while the others are CME-less (i.e., confined events). This is a complete sample of solar events satisfying our selection criteria detailed in the paper. For each event, we calculate a decay index n of the potential strapping field above the magnetic flux rope (MFR) in and around the flaring magnetic polarity inversion line (a TI parameter) and the unsigned twist number Tw of the nonlinear force-free field lines forming the same MFR (a KI parameter). We then construct an n–Tw diagram to investigate how the eruptiveness depends on these parameters. We find that (1) Tw appears to play little role in discriminating between confined and ejective events; (2) the events with n ≳ 0.8 are all ejective, and all confined events have n ≲ 0.8. However, n ≳ 0.8 is not a necessary condition for eruption because some events with n ≲ 0.8 also erupted. In addition, we investigate the MFR’s geometrical parameters, apex height, and distance between footpoints, as a possible factors for the eruptiveness. We briefly discuss the difference of the present result for solar eruptions with that of the laboratory result in terms of the role played by magnetic reconnection.
A Taxonomy of Systems of Corporate Governance

This paper argues that debate on corporate governance in an international context is hampered by the lack of a coherent framework. A taxonomy of systems of corporate governance is proposed as a remedy. The taxonomy is based upon eight characteristics: the prevailing concept of the firm, the board system, the salient stakeholders able to exert influence on managerial decision-making, the importance of stock markets in the national economy, the presence or absence of an external market for corporate control, the ownership structure, the extent to which executive compensation is dependent on corporate performance, and the time horizon of economic relationships. Four types of systems of corporate governance emerge: the Anglo-Saxon systems, the Germanic systems, the Latin systems and the Japanese system.