Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activation of retinoid X receptors induces apoptosis in HL-60 cell lines

Retinoids induce myeloblastic leukemia (HL-60) cells to differentiate into granulocytes, which subsequently die by apoptosis. Retinoid action is mediated through at least two classes of nuclear receptors: retinoic acid receptors, which bind both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid, and retinoid X receptors, which bind only 9-cis retinoic acid. Using receptor-selective synthetic retinoids and HL-60 cell sublines with different retinoid responsiveness, we have investigated the contribution that each class of receptors makes to the processes of cellular differentiation and death. Our results demonstrate that ligand activation of retinoic acid receptors is sufficient to induce differentiation, whereas ligand activation of retinoid X receptors is essential for the induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cell lines.
Hemin-enhanced resistance of human leukemia cells to oxidative killing: antisense determination of ferritin involvement.

Human HL-60 cells exhibited a strong hyperresistance to the lethal effects of photodynamic activity (singlet oxygen) or glucose oxidase activity (hydrogen peroxide) 16-20 h after being exposed to hemin (ferriprotoporphyrin IX). Hyperresistance was accompanied by the overproduction of immunodetectable ferritin, predominantly the heavy (H) subunit, which exhibits ferroxidase activity. Cells that had been enriched in apoferritin via pinocytotic uptake showed similar hyperresistance to both types of oxidative challenge. On the other hand, preincubating cells with hemin in the presence of a phosphorothioate-linked antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against H-ferritin mRNA resulted in a strong diminution in both hyperresistance and H-ferritin induction. No effects were seen when a scrambled order oligodeoxynucleotide of the same base composition was used, confirming that the antisense oligomer had specifically inhibited H-ferritin translation. These results indicate that induced ferritin played a crucial role in the observed cytological responses. Enhanced oxidant resistance is attributed to the ability of this ferritin to rapidly sequester and incapacitate redox-active iron.
[Quality of life of patient with schizophrenia treated by conventional and atypical neuroleptics].

BACKGROUND the quality of life of patients suffering from schizophrenia was extensively studied but it seems that impact on quality of life of neuroleptics, particularly atypical antipsychotic treatment was not clearly elucidated. AIMS In this study we have compared the impact on quality of life of atypical antipsychotic versus classic neuroleptics. METHODS We have enrolled, prospectively, all patients with schizophrenia as confirmed by DSM-IV TR. These patients intakes antipsychotics for unless 6 months. We excluded patients with acute schizophrenia, mental deficiency and severe organic disease. Evaluation of clinical features is based on the PANSS scale (Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale). The quality of life is evaluated using the MOS-SF36 scale (Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form). Extra pyramidal symptoms were evaluated by the Chouinard scale. RESULTS We have enrolled 65 patients; 35 under classic neuroleptics and 30 under atypical antipsychotics. Clinical features were similar in the two groups. Patients with atypical antipsychotics were less hospitalized (2.4 +/- 3.2 vs. 4.5 +/- 4.2; p = 0.02) and needing less anti cholinergic treatment (26.6% vs. 88.6%; p < 0.0001). Adverse effects were more common with classic neuroleptics (Pakinsonism score: 6.1 +/- 7 vs. 10.8 +/- 8.6; P = 0.01); global clinical dyskinesia 1.22 +/- 0.8 vs. 1.90 +/- 1.7; p = 0.04; global clinical judgement of parkinsonism (2.41 +/- 2.1 vs. 3.72 +/- 2.4; p = 0.02). Quality of life was better in patients with atypical antipsychotics on the basis of vitality (76.7 +/- 27.8 vs. 62 +/- 29.6; p = 0.04) and social function (53.3 +/- 33 vs. 36.9 +/- 27.5; p = 0.03) we found a negative correlation between adverse effects and quality of life in patients with classic neuroleptics. CONCLUSION Quality of life of patients suffering from schizophrenia with atypical antipsychotics is better than in those with classic neuroleptics and this may be due to the frequency of adverse effects particularly extra pyramidal symptoms.
Balloon Dilation of the Cartilaginous Portion of the Eustachian Tube

Objective Studies of balloon Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) have shown encouraging results in small series with short follow-ups. Our pilot study suggested that patients with protracted otitis media with effusion (OME) or atelectasis of the tympanic membrane (TM) could benefit from BET. Study Design A prospective study where subjects act as their own controls. Patients from the pilot study and additional cases were enrolled in this cohort with long-term follow-up. Setting Regional Academic Center. Subjects and Methods Out of 80 patients who underwent BET, 41 consecutive Eustachian tube (ET) operations were included. Subjects’ inclusion criteria were OME and/or TM atelectasis, type B or C tympanograms, and inability to inflate their middle ears by Valsalva maneuver. All patients had longstanding ET dysfunction relieved only by repeated tympanostomies. Outcomes included ability to perform a Valsalva maneuver, audiometry, tympanometry, videoendoscopy of the ET with mucosal inflammation rating scores, and otomicroscopy. Results All cases were dilated successfully, without significant complications. Mean follow-up was 2.5 years (range, 1.5-4.2 years). Eighty percent (33/41) could do a Valsalva maneuver postoperatively; none of these ears required new tympanostomy tubes and subjective symptoms were relieved. Tympanometry results showed overall improvement. Nine patients had persistent perforations and 3 declined removal of the tube. Subjective symptoms were not relieved for 10% (4/41). Conclusion The results show that BET can effectively improve ET function in ears with OME or atelectasis. The procedure is well tolerated and without significant complications. The follow-up continues and we are investigating possible reasons for failures.
Embryonic heart rate in the early first trimester: what rate is normal?

Embryonic heart rates below 90 beats per minute at 6 to 8 weeks of gestation have been shown to be associated with a high likelihood of subsequent first trimester demise. The boundary between slow and normal heart rates has not been established, however, in that previous studies do not identify the heart rate for each gestational age at which prognosis plateaus. We evaluated sonograms of singleton pregnancies at 6 to 8 weeks to determine the relationship between heart rate and first trimester outcome in four gestational age subgroups: < or = 6.2, 6.3‐7.0, 7.1‐7.5, and 7.6‐8.0 weeks. Below 6.2 weeks, prognosis improved as heart rate increased to 100 beats per minute, then plateaued for rates > or = 100 beats per minute. At 6.3‐7.0 weeks, prognosis improved up to 120 beats per minute, then plateaued. Heart rate norms could not be established at 7.1‐8.0 weeks because of the small number of embryonic or fetal deaths in this age group; however, all embryos with heart rates below 110 beats per minute at 7.1‐8.0 weeks died. We conclude that the lower limit of normal is 100 beats per minute up to 6.2 weeks' gestation and 120 bpm at 6.3‐7.0 weeks.
Transurethral bladder tumor resection: intraoperative and postoperative complications in a residency setting.

PURPOSE We established a database on the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications associated with transurethral bladder tumor resection (TURBT) in an academic teaching setting, and we prospectively recorded all TURBTs performed by residents and fellows in our urology department. MATERIALS AND METHODS : We prospectively evaluated all TURBTs performed between November 2003 and October 2004. All cases were performed at least in part by residents and fellows under direct attending supervision at a single academic medical center with 3 different teaching hospitals. Intraoperative complications were recorded by the resident and attending surgeon at the completion of the operative procedure. At patient discharge from the hospital the data sheet was reviewed, and length of stay, postoperative transfusions and any other complications were recorded. RESULTS A total of 173 consecutive TURBTs were performed by residents and fellows at 3 different teaching hospitals. There were 10 (5.8%) complications, including 4 (2.3%) cases of hematuria that required blood transfusion and 6 (3.5%) cases of bladder perforation. Of these 6 perforations 4 were small extraperitoneal perforations requiring only prolonged catheter drainage. These perforations were caused by residents in their first or third year of urology training. Two perforations were intraperitoneal, caused by a senior resident or a fellow, 1 of which required abdominal exploration to control bleeding. CONCLUSIONS TURBT is a reasonably safe procedure when performed by urologists in training under direct attending supervision. The complication rate was 5.8%, however only 1 case required surgical intervention. Contrary to expected findings, more senior residents were involved in the complications, likely secondary to their disproportionate roles in more difficult resections.
Relative performance of rice (Oryza sativa)-ratoon production system as influenced by date of sowing and system of cultivation of plant rice genotypes

Field experiments were conducted in coastal Odisha, India during 2009 to 2011 in split split-plot design to investigate whether modified system of rice (Oryza sativa L.) intensification (MSRI) mimicking all the production principles of system of rice intensification (SRI), except planting geometry and seedling number that were in accordance to the best management practice (BMP), could improve the performance of plant rice genotypes compared to the latter two different water using systems under varying dates of sowing during the wet season. Attempts were also made to ascertain their relative impacts on the succeeding ratoon crop. Grain yield in plant rice sown by 20 June (early) was significantly the highest followed by 5 and 20 July sowing with 5.73% and 17.14% reduction in yield. MSRI was superior over SRI and BMP with 11.32% and 35.46% increase in yield and Hybrid ‘Ajay’ yielded higher (9.07%) than HYV ‘Tapaswini’. The performance of ratoons followed the similar trend as in plant rice. Early sown hybrid ‘Ajay’ in MSRI produced significantly the highest and 20 July sown ‘Tapaswini’ in BMP had the lowest grain yield in plant rice. Superiority of early sown rice, MSRI and hybrid ‘Ajay’ could be attributed to the synergistic effects of their yield attributes. The root volume of plant rice at 100 DAS had strong correlation with the plant height, straw and grain yield of plant rice as well as the grain yield of subsequent ratoon.
Self-report versus interview assessment of purging in a community sample of women.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS Agreement between self-report and interview assessment of purging behaviours was examined in a community sample of women with a high level of eating disorder symptoms (n = 324) who completed both the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). RESULTS Of 46 individuals who reported any use of self-induced vomiting or laxative misuse on the questionnaire, 19 (41.7%) denied these behaviours when subsequently questioned in a face-to-face interview. These individuals had lower levels of eating disorder psychopathology, functional impairment and general psychological distress, than participants who reported purging on both the questionnaire and at interview (n = 27). CONCLUSIONS The assumption of interview superiority in the assessment of specific aspects of eating disorder psychopathology should not be uncritically accepted. Caution should be exercised in drawing conclusions concerning the level of agreement between self-report and interview assessment of purging based on research in clinical samples.
Preoperative Assessment of Corneal and Refractive Stability in Soft Contact Lens Wearing Photorefractive Candidates

Purpose. This pilot study compared traditional methodologies; manifest refraction and keratometry, with that of newer technologies; corneal topography, and optical pachymetry, in assessing corneal and refractive stabilization after soft contact lens wear in photorefractive candidates. The timeline differences among these various technologies in determining refractive and corneal stability were investigated. Methods. This was a masked prospective observational clinical study of full-time soft contact lens subjects on various wear schedules, all eligible candidates for photorefractive surgery. Subjects discontinued contact lens wear within 30 min of the initial study visit. During each study visit, the same sequence of tests were performed (manifest refraction, keratometry, corneal topography, and optical pachymetry). The timing of the last visit was determined when the four procedures resulted in stable findings when compared with the previous visit. Results. Fifteen soft contact lens wearers and five noncontact lens wearing controls completed the study. The mean number of days until stability of the 15 test subjects were: 10.7 ± 10.4 days with manifest refraction, 16.2 ± 17.5 days with keratometry, 28.1 ± 17.7 days with topography, and 35.1 ± 20.8 days with pachymetry. Within the control group, intraclass correlation coefficients for all four methods were ≥0.89, indicating very little variability. Analysis with the randomized block design found statistical differences between traditional and newer technologies in their assessment of stability (p < 0.001). One-way Analysis of variance of the various soft contact lenses modalities suggested extended hydrogel wearers taking the longest time to reach stability after discontinuing full-time contact lens use. Conclusions. Corneal curvature and thickness measurements took the longest to achieve consistency. Thus, topography and pachymetry may be better methods to determine ocular stability before photorefractive surgery. In light of this finding, the current protocol in practice of determining the readiness of contact lens candidates for photorefractive surgery may be inadequate.
When she rhetorically swears in Arabic: A sociolinguistic approach to women’s swearing in a university speech community

APA Citation Bayoumi, M. (2017). When she rhetorically swears in Arabic: A sociolinguistic approach to womenâ€TMs swearing in a university speech community [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt. edu/etds/323 MLA Citation Bayoumi, Mohamed. When she rhetorically swears in Arabic: A sociolinguistic approach to womenâ€TMs swearing in a university speech community. 2017. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt. edu/etds/323
Invasion of veins by carcinoma of rectum: method of detection, histological features and significance

Histopathological material from operation specimens of rectal adenocarcinoma was reviewed and invasion of veins identified in 51.9% of 703 cases. The extent of venous invasion, thickness of the walls of invaded veins and various other histological features were examined in detail. By follow‐up studies recurrence rates, incidence of distant metastases and corrected 5‐year survival rates were obtained; correlation with the histopathological results showed that invasion of extramural and thick‐walled veins is associated with a poor prognosis independent of the degree of differentiation of the adenocarcinoma. Prognosis is not significantly related to the presence of necrosis of intravenous growth. Aneurysmal distension and inflammatory damage of the walls of invaded veins, a thrombus cap or endothelial cell mantle covering intravenous tumour and a clearly defined stroma in the intravenous growth all appear to exert a protective influence on patient survival, whereas permeation of capillaries in vein walls, the presence of loose clumps of tumour cells in veins and direct contact between tumour cells and venous blood appear to adversely affect survival. Venous invasion is shown to be related to local invasiveness of rectal carcinoma. Suggested modes of venous spread and interaction with host tissues are proposed, with implications for general attitudes to the spread of cancer and metastasis.
Dosing factor VIIa (recombinant) in nonhemophiliac patients with bleeding after cardiac surgery.

PURPOSE The dosing of factor VIIa (recombinant) in nonhemophiliac patients with cardiac-surgery-associated bleeding (CSAB) is discussed. SUMMARY Factor VIIa (recombinant) is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that is FDA-approved for use in patients with hemophilia A or B with inhibitors to factor VIII or IX and for patients with factor VII deficiency. Case reports and observational studies indicate that factor VIIa (recombinant) may be efficacious for the treatment of acute bleeding episodes related to trauma, surgery, and coagulopathies. The use of factor VIIa (recombinant) for CSAB is increasing. No controlled clinical trials have been conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of factor VIIa (recombinant) in the treatment of CSAB; therefore, the appropriate dosing scheme remains unclear. In addition, thromboembolic events associated with factor VIIa (recombinant) have been reported, so the safety of factor VIIa (recombinant) in patients with normal coagulation systems is unclear. Data from one randomized, controlled, clinical trial of the use of factor VIIa (recombinant) in intracerebral hemorrhage showed a dose-related trend toward adverse events when factor VIIa (recombinant) was compared with placebo. CONCLUSION No particular dose of factor VIIa (recombinant) is strongly supported in the literature for off-label use, and thromboembolic events may be dose dependent. Use of the smallest possible dose is warranted because of the high cost of factor VIIa (recombinant) and the potential for thromboembolic events. A single dose of 2.4 or 4.8 mg or 45 microg/kg should be considered.
T Integration of Asian Stock Markets

— This paper is to explore the relationship and the level of stock market integration of the Asian countries, primarily concentrating on Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and South Korea, with the world from January 1997 to December 2009. The degree of short-run and long-run stock market integration of those Asian countries are analyzed in order to determine the significance of series of regional and world financial crises, liberalization policies and other financial reforms in influencing the level of stock market integration. To test for cointegration, this paper applies coefficient correlation, univariate regression analyses, cointegration tests, and vector autoregressive models (VAR) by using the four Asian stock markets main indices and the MSCI World index. The empirical findings from this work reveal that there is no long-run stock market integration for the four countries and the world market. However, there is short run integration.
Novel Plasmid-Mediated 16S rRNA m1A1408 Methyltransferase, NpmA, Found in a Clinically Isolated Escherichia coli Strain Resistant to Structurally Diverse Aminoglycosides

ABSTRACT We have isolated a multiple-aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli strain, strain ARS3, and have been the first to identify a novel plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methyltransferase, NpmA. This new enzyme shared a relatively low level of identity (30%) to the chromosomally encoded 16S rRNA methyltransferase (KamA) of Streptomyces tenjimariensis, an actinomycete aminoglycoside producer. The introduction of a recombinant plasmid carrying npmA could confer on E. coli consistent resistance to both 4,6-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamines, such as amikacin and gentamicin, and 4,5-disubstituted 2-deoxystreptamines, including neomycin and ribostamycin. The histidine-tagged NpmA elucidated methyltransferase activity against 30S ribosomal subunits but not against 50S subunits and the naked 16S rRNA molecule in vitro. We further confirmed that NpmA is an adenine N-1 methyltransferase specific for the A1408 position at the A site of 16S rRNA. Drug footprinting data indicated that binding of aminoglycosides to the target site was apparently interrupted by methylation at the A1408 position. These observations demonstrate that NpmA is a novel plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methyltransferase that provides a panaminoglycoside-resistant nature through interference with the binding of aminoglycosides toward the A site of 16S rRNA through N-1 methylation at position A1408.
A comparison of muscle activations during traditional and abbreviated tennis serves

The abbreviated tennis serve is a relatively novel modification of the traditional serve that has been reported to provide performance advantages over the traditional technique. However, there are limited objective data regarding the benefits and biomechanics of the abbreviated serve; no data exist that describe shoulder muscle activations during the abbreviated serve. The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activations between the traditional and abbreviated serves. Electromyographic data were collected for the anterior and posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, middle trapezius, latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, and pectoralis major. When muscle activations were compared during each serve phase, no significant differences were observed between the traditional and abbreviated tennis serve techniques, indicating that the traditional and abbreviated serves are similar regarding shoulder muscle activations. These results could have implications for performance of and injury related to the abbreviated versus traditional serve technique. Although the abbreviated serve has anecdotally been described as advantageous, the present data do not indicate any significant advantages or disadvantages in performing the abbreviated serve technique versus the traditional serve.
Dynamics of Selective Exposure for New Voters in Greater Jakarta Province General Election 2017

Understanding that selecting information process as a form of behavior is likely to be influenced by pschological aspects, utility of information, and support from the group, it is interesting to see the dynamics shown by the new voters who vote in the Greater Jakarta Province General Election 2017 for governor in 2017, based on the theory of selective exposure. This research is a qualitative research using the interpretative paradigm. The method applied in the study is the interpretative phenomenological analyses (IPA). The results of the study indicate that the aspect of one’s belief plays a decisive role in selecting information regarding the information of Greater Jakarta Province general election 2017. What is more, information only has limites roles in adding knowledge to strengthen the belief of the informants of the candidates to be elected. Belief has decisive roles in selecting information and reflects the strenthening of one’s belief for his/her political choice. In this case, belief is used to support the choice already possessed. Within the scope of political communication, it is often times confirmed that the vote for a candidate will lead a person to a process of information selection to support his/her choice and not to weaken it.