Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Stream-Aware Multipath QUIC Scheduler for Heterogeneous Paths

Multipath communication is an attractive solution to the increasing need for improving web performance, by allowing devices to aggregate the capacity of different network paths, which can thus lead to lower latencies. However, path asymmetry is known to incur performance issues for multipath transport protocols, such as head-of-line blocking (HoLB), as well as other issues. We propose a proof-of-concept algorithm for a stream-aware packet scheduler for Multipath QUIC, called Stream-Aware Earliest Completion First (SA-ECF). SA-ECF schedules the sending of stream data so that the completion of individual streams are not delayed by slower paths, while providing a fair allocation of the aggregated bandwidth based on stream priority information from HTTP/2. We compare the performance of SA-ECF with other packet schedulers for MPQUIC using measurements from a virtualized testbed. Our results show that SA-ECF is able to handle path heterogeneity well, and can provide lower stream completion times than non stream-aware schedulers.
Potential Biomarkers for Predicting Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

Early diagnosis and treatment of infants with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may improve neurological outcomes. For this reason, prenatal detection of newborns at high risk for congenital CMV infection is important. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for CMV DNA in the amniotic fluid is the gold standard for the diagnosis of intrauterine CMV infection; however, amniocentesis is an invasive procedure. Recently, we have found that the presence of CMV DNA in the maternal uterine cervical secretion is predictive of the occurrence of congenital CMV infection in CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM)-positive pregnant women. In contrast, we have suggested that maternal serological screening for primary CMV infection using CMV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), the IgG avidity index, or CMV-specific IgM overlooks a number of newborns with congenital CMV infection. We will review current knowledge of the potential biomarkers for predicting congenital CMV infection.
The sexual activity and ejaculate traits of Duroc, Hampshire and Pietrain boars and their crosses.

The experiments invovled 31 boars, including: 5 Duroc, 5 Hampshire and 7 Pietrain boars, as well as 9 Duroc × Pietrain and 5 Hampshire × Pietrain hybrids. Two series of measurements were performed at three-month intervals for each animal. Sexual activity of the boars was assessed by the time at which the subsequent sexual reflexes were released during manual semen collection. We also analyzed the traits of ejaculates: ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and motility, total sperm count in ejaculate, and the number of insemination doses from one ejaculate. Hampshire × Pietrain hybrids demonstrated the best qualities in terms of insemination. These boars showed the shortest times of reaction to the phantom and – with a relatively long ejaculation – they produced ejaculates with the highest sperm counts, providing most insemination doses. In the pure-breds, Pietrain boars revealed the most positive traits. This breed is characterised with the longest time of ejaculation and produces ejaculates with high sperm counts. Pietrain ejaculates can be used to prepare 5 insemination doses more than Hampshire and 10 doses more than Duroc ejaculates.
Stationary-State Statistics of a Binary Neural Network Model with Quenched Disorder

In this paper, we study the statistical properties of the stationary firing-rate states of a neural network model with quenched disorder. The model has arbitrary size, discrete-time evolution equations and binary firing rates, while the topology and the strength of the synaptic connections are randomly generated from known, generally arbitrary, probability distributions. We derived semi-analytical expressions of the occurrence probability of the stationary states and the mean multistability diagram of the model, in terms of the distribution of the synaptic connections and of the external stimuli to the network. Our calculations rely on the probability distribution of the bifurcation points of the stationary states with respect to the external stimuli, calculated in terms of the permanent of special matrices using extreme value theory. While our semi-analytical expressions are exact for any size of the network and for any distribution of the synaptic connections, we focus our study on networks made of several populations, that we term “statistically homogeneous” to indicate that the probability distribution of their connections depends only on the pre- and post-synaptic population indexes, and not on the individual synaptic pair indexes. In this specific case, we calculated analytically the permanent, obtaining a compact formula that outperforms of several orders of magnitude the Balasubramanian-Bax-Franklin-Glynn algorithm. To conclude, by applying the Fisher-Tippett-Gnedenko theorem, we derived asymptotic expressions of the stationary-state statistics of multi-population networks in the large-network-size limit, in terms of the Gumbel (double exponential) distribution. We also provide a Python implementation of our formulas and some examples of the results generated by the code.
Beyond Question-Answering.

Abstract : We demonstrate, using protocols of actual interactions with a question-answering system, that users of these systems expect to engage in a conversation whose coherence is manifested in the interpendence of their (often unstated) plans and goals with those of the system. Since these problems are even more obvious in other forms of natural-language understanding systems, such as task-oriented dialogue systems, techniques for engaging in question-answering conversation should be special cases of general conversational abilities. We characterize dimensions along which language understanding systems might differ and, based partly on this analysis, propose a new system architecture, centered around recognizing the user's plans and planning helpful responses, which can be applied to a number of possible application areas. To illustrate progress to date, we discuss two implemented systems, one operating in a simple question-answering framework, and the other in a decision support framework for which both graphic and linguistic means of communication are available. (Author)
Fatal recurrent VTE after anticoagulant treatment for unprovoked VTE: a systematic review

Current guidelines recommend long-term anticoagulant therapy in patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE). The risk of fatal recurrent VTE after treatment discontinuation (versus that of fatal bleeding during anticoagulation) is of particular relevance in the decision to continue or stop anticoagulation after the first 3 months. Our primary aim was to provide a point-estimate of the yearly rate of fatal recurrent VTE and VTE case-fatality rate in patients with unprovoked VTE after anticoagulation cessation. Data were extracted from both randomised controlled trials and observational studies published before May 1, 2017. The pooled fatality rates were calculated using a random-effects model. 18 studies with low-to-moderate bias were included in the primary analysis, totalling 6758 patients with a median (range) follow-up duration of 2.2 (1–5) years. After anticoagulation cessation, the weighted pooled rate of VTE recurrence was 6.3 (95% CI 5.4–7.3) per 100 patient-years and the weighted pooled rate of fatal recurrent VTE was 0.17 (95% CI 0.047–0.33) per 100 patient-years, for a case-fatality rate of 2.6% (95% CI 0.86–5.0). These numbers are a solid benchmark for comparison to the risks associated with long-term anticoagulation treatment for the decision on the optimal duration of treatment of patients with unprovoked VTE. The rate of fatal recurrent VTE after anticoagulation cessation for unprovoked VTE was 0.17 per 100 patient-years http://ow.ly/U1sM30mtbrp
Analisis perlakuan akuntansi aset tetap dan pengaruhnya terhadap laporan keuangan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlakuan akuntansi aset tetap yang diterapkan PT. ASA Sumber Rezeki berdasarkan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Tanpa Akuntanbilitas Publik (SAK ETAP) No. 15 dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Laporan Keuangan. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah SAK ETAP No. 15 sebagai suatu standar yang telah ditetapkan dalam mengatur perlakuan akuntansi aset tetap. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh adalah perlakuan akuntansi aset tetap pada PT. ASA Sumber Rezeki di Tenggarong telah sesuai dengan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Tentang Entitas Tanpa Akuntabilitas Publik (SAK ETAP). Meskipun masih terdapat hal yag perlu disesuaikan dalam pengakuan, pencatatan, dan perhitungan aset tetap. Nilai perolehan aset tetap pada tahun 2015 menurut PT. ASA Sumber Rezeki di Tenggarong adalah sebesar Rp 847.533. 076 dengan akumulasi penyusutan sebesar Rp 4.940. 216.944, sedangkan menurut Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Tanpa Akuntabilitas Publik (SAK ETAP) nilai perolehan memiliki jumlah yang sama yaitu sebesar Rp 847.533. 076, dengan akumulasi penyusutan sebesar 4.875. 560.428 sehingga terdapat selisih nilai buku sebesar Rp. 53.218. 912 yang menyebabkan perbedaan nilai aset tetap dan nilai ekuitas perusahaan ditahun 2015.
Does Going-Together Always Lead to Better Solutions? Exploring Challenge-Based R&D Projects

To tackle important grand societal challenges, government institutions initiate large-scale programs in which organizations participate in challenge-based R&D projects, aimed at solving extant technological problems within a specific field. Due to knowledge recombination benefits, it is often assumed that organizations should go-together ? i.e. formally involving partners in these projects ? rather than goalone ? i.e. proceeding independently. In this study, we relax the assumption that going-together is always more productive than going-alone in terms of problem-solving performance. Specifically, we argue that that not every organization is able to translate potential into realized knowledge recombination opportunities. Firstly, we formulate a baseline hypothesis, in which we expect that problem-solving performance is higher, on average, when going-together than going-alone. Secondly, we hypothesize that the ability to translate potential into realized knowledge recombination opportunities when going-together is contingent upon the focal organization’s institutional background, internal knowledge pool size, and challenge-based R&D project portfolio size. Analysing a unique sample of 414 challenge-based R&D projects within the Department of Energy’s Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program over a 14-year time period (2003-2016), we generally find support for our theoretical predictions. We contribute to theory and practice by showing that the often-assumed performance edge of going-together over going-alone does not materialize for every organization.
Loanword adaptation and the evaluation of similarity

This paper presents a phonological analysis of loanword adaptation of English loanwords into several Polynesian languages, following and extending a model of phonological structure developed by Clements 2001. This analysis bears on a number of theoretical issues. I argue that the loanword facts presented support the conclusions of Hyman 1970, Paradis & La Charite 1997, and Jacobs & Gussenhoven 2000, who contend that the evaluation of input-output similarity may be influenced by phonological structure of the host language. This draws against several current efforts that reduce the notion of similarity to a purely phonetic-perceptual metric (Steriade 2001, Kenstowicz 2001). I show that marrying Clements' universal feature accessibility hierarchy with the system of contrastive underspecification developed by Dresher & Zhang 2000 and Dresher 2001 restricts the range of feature hierarchies that can be present crosslinguistically. Consequently, basing the evaluation of phonological similarity upon these feature hierarchies also sets limits on the range of nativization strategies we predict can appear cross-linguistically. This model of adaptation is therefore able to be both predictive and explanatory. I explore these generalisations, and further show that they are largely upheld in the data presented. I argue that Clements' accessibility model must be modified in the following ways: Firstly, following Avery & Rice 1989, Ghini 2001, redundant features may be present underlyingly in certain defined instances (implicational activation). Secondly, the accessibility of certain features in the contrastive system is conditioned by prior activation of others (contingent accessibility).
Assessment of the performance of the TGx‐DDI biomarker to detect DNA damage‐inducing agents using quantitative RT‐PCR in TK6 cells

Gene expression biomarkers are now available for application in the identification of genotoxic hazards. The TGx‐DDI transcriptomic biomarker can accurately distinguish DNA damage‐inducing (DDI) from non‐DDI exposures based on changes in the expression of 64 biomarker genes. The 64 genes were previously derived from whole transcriptome DNA microarray profiles of 28 reference agents (14 DDI and 14 non‐DDI) after 4 h treatments of TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells. To broaden the applicability of TGx‐DDI, we tested the biomarker using quantitative RT‐PCR (qPCR), which is accessible to most molecular biology laboratories. First, we selectively profiled the expression of the 64 biomarker genes using TaqMan qPCR assays in 96‐well arrays after exposing TK6 cells to the 28 reference agents for 4 h. To evaluate the classification capability of the qPCR profiles, we used the reference qPCR signature to classify 24 external validation chemicals using two different methods—a combination of three statistical analyses and an alternative, the Running Fisher test. The qPCR results for the reference set were comparable to the original microarray biomarker; 27 of the 28 reference agents (96%) were accurately classified. Moreover, the two classification approaches supported the conservation of TGx‐DDI classification capability using qPCR; the combination of the two approaches accurately classified 21 of the 24 external validation chemicals, demonstrating 100% sensitivity, 81% specificity, and 91% balanced accuracy. This study demonstrates that qPCR can be used when applying the TGx‐DDI biomarker and will improve the accessibility of TGx‐DDI for genotoxicity screening. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60: 122–133, 2019. © 2018 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.
Role of p38 MAPK in Atherosclerosis and Aortic Valve Sclerosis

Atherosclerosis and aortic valve sclerosis are cardiovascular diseases with an increasing prevalence in western societies. Statins are widely applied in atherosclerosis therapy, whereas no pharmacological interventions are available for the treatment of aortic valve sclerosis. Therefore, valve replacement surgery to prevent acute heart failure is the only option for patients with severe aortic stenosis. Both atherosclerosis and aortic valve sclerosis are not simply the consequence of degenerative processes, but rather diseases driven by inflammatory processes in response to lipid-deposition in the blood vessel wall and the aortic valve, respectively. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved in inflammatory signaling and activated in response to various intracellular and extracellular stimuli, including oxidative stress, cytokines, and growth factors, all of which are abundantly present in atherosclerotic and aortic valve sclerotic lesions. The responses generated by p38 MAPK signaling in different cell types present in the lesions are diverse and might support the progression of the diseases. This review summarizes experimental findings relating to p38 MAPK in atherosclerosis and aortic valve sclerosis and discusses potential functions of p38 MAPK in the diseases with the aim of clarifying its eligibility as a pharmacological target.
Using Group-based Trajectory Models and Propensity Score Weighting to Detect Heterogeneous Treatment Effects: The Case Study of Generic Hormonal Therapy for Women With Breast Cancer

Background: We extend an interrupted time series study design to identify heterogenous treatment effects using group-based trajectory models (GBTMs) to identify groups before a new policy and then examine if the effects of the policy has consistent impacts across groups using propensity score weighting to balance individuals within trajectory groups who are and are not exposed to the policy change. We explore this by examining how adherence to endocrine therapy (ET) for women with breast cancer was impacted by reducing copayments for medications by the introduction of generic ETs among women who do not receive a subsidy (the “treatment” group) to those that do receive a subsidy and are not exposed to any changes in copayments (the “control” group). Methods: We examined monthly adherence to ET using the proportion of days covered for women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2008 and 2009 using SEER-Medicare data. To account for baseline trends, we characterize adherence for 1 year before generic approval of ET using GBTMs, within each groups we generate inverse probability treatment weights of not receiving a subsidy. We compared adherence after generic entry within each GBTM using a modified Poisson model. Results: GBTMs for adherence in the 1-year pregeneric identified 6 groups. When comparing patients who did and did not receive a subsidy we found no overall effect of generic introduction. However, 1 of the 6 identified adherence groups postgeneric adherence increased [the “consistently low” (risk ratio=1.91; 95% confidence interval=1.34–2.72)]. Conclusions: This study describes a new approach to identify heterogenous effects when using an interrupted time series research design.
Simulation Conceptual Modelling for SCM Applications: Research Issues and Existing Practice

Evaluating supply chain problems is important yet complex; with vast amount of research and practice using a simulation based approach. However, the least understood aspect of a simulation study is the critical step of ‘conceptual modelling’. This paper argues for a conceptual modelling procedure that embeds domain-specific knowledge (i.e. SCOR for SCM applications) and incorporates existing simulation practice applicable at the conceptual modelling stage. Conceptual modelling approaches are reviewed for SCM applications, identifying that no domain-specific guidelines have been provided in the literature. It is argued that developing both comprehensive and focused methodologies would be useful in improving the rigour of supply chain simulation studies and have practical implications. The contribution builds upon Robinson (2008) seminal paper that called for further research on conceptual modelling definitions, requirements and approaches.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA SMP MELALUI METODE PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH

One alternative model of learning that is expected to improve problem-solving skills is the Problem Based Learning model. This research aims to examine the problem-solving abilities of junior high school students. This study is classified as Quasi Experiments that was conducted at SMP Nurul Huda in Karawang. This research was an experimental design with 80 seventh grade student as a sample, it is divided into two different classes as a Problem Based Learning class and conventional learning class. The two classes were given pretest and posttest to determine students' problem-solving abilities. The results showed that problem solving abilities students who obtained learning with Problem Based Learning were better than students who received conventional learning. The success of students in learning mathematics with Problem Based Learning and problem-solving problems shows good results. Salah satu alternatif model dan pendekatan pembelajaran yang diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan tersebut adalah model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan minat belajar siswa SMP. Penelitian ini termasuk Kuasi Eksperimen yang dilakukan pada salah satu SMP di kota Karawang, Penelitian ini adalah suatu eksperimen berdisain dengan sampel 80 siswa kelas VII pada dua kelas yang berbeda sebagai kelas Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dan kelas pembelajaran konvensional. Kedua kelas yang diteliti diberikan pretes dan postes untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan minat belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan minat belajar siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran dengan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah lebih baik dari pada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Keberhasilan siswa terhadap pelajaran matematika dengan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah serta terhadap soal-soal pemecahan masalah menunjukkan hasil yang baik.
Progenitors in the intact brain parenchyma and their reaction towards acute injury

The adult brain parenchyma contains a widespread population of progenitors generating different cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage such as NG21 cells and some mature oligodendrocytes. However, it is still largely unknown how proliferation and lineage decisions of these progenitors are regulated. Here, we first characterized the cell cycle length, proliferative fraction, and progeny of dividing cells in the adult cerebral cortex and then compared these proliferation characteristics after two distinct stimuli, invasive acute brain injury and increased physiological activity by voluntary physical exercise. Our data show that adult parenchymal progenitors have a very long cell cycle due to an extended G1 phase, many of them can divide at least twice and only a limited proportion of the progeny differentiates into mature oligodendrocytes. After stab wound injury, however, many of these progenitors re-enter the cell cycle very fast, suggesting that the normally long G1 phase is subject to regulation and can be abruptly shortened. In striking contrast, voluntary physical exercise shows the opposite effect with increased exit of the cell cycle followed by an enhanced and fast differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the endogenous population of adult brain parenchymal progenitors is subject to profound modulation by environmental stimuli in both directions, either faster proliferation or faster differentiation. 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Elder Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation

Abstract Along with health care providers, social workers are the professionals most likely to be responsible for detecting signs of elder maltreatment and providing interventions and preventive services. In this study, using data from a county adult protective services unit, we discuss the complex nature of domestic elder maltreatment, identify risk factors for different types of maltreatment, and recommend prevention strategies. Specifically, we compare self-neglecting elders and those abused and/or neglected by others. Of the latter, we further compare risk factors for physical and emotional/psychological abuse and/or neglect with risk factors for financial exploitation only. The risk factors analyzed include elders' gender, age, living arrangement, acute or chronic health conditions, mental health status, cognitive deficits, size of social support, and alcohol abuse. As preventive strategies, we discuss case-management services, caregiver support services, and alcohol/substance abuse screening and treatment.