Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Viscoelastic and Textural Properties of Cheddar Cheese under Various Temperature Conditions

The impact of temperature on the viscoelastic properties of cheddar cheese was examined. Cylindrical samples of 20 mm diameter and 30 mm height (diameter-to-height ratio of 0.67) were prepared. Uniaxial compression tests were performed under three different temperatures (4, 15 and 25°C) using a TA–XT2 plus texture analyzer. Stress relaxation tests were conducted with a constant applied strain of 70% using a crosshead speed of 0.833 mm/sec. Regardless of the types of cheese, hardness decreased as test temperature decreased, supporting that textural properties of cheddar cheese are temperature dependent. Hardness-Temperature Coefficient of cheddar cheese (-4.0) was smaller compared to that of fruits or vegetables (-1.0), implying that more careful test temperature should be controlled during a textural test for cheddar cheese. Stress relaxation data were best fitted by the Generalized Maxwell and Peleg models (R >0.99). Furthermore, models parameters were observed to be deformation rate dependent. [Ziad Abu-Waar, Mohammed Saleh and Young S. Lee. Viscoelastic and Textural Properties of Cheddar Cheese under Various Temperature Conditions. Life Sci J 2013;10(3):2126-2131] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 311
Software Package for 3 Dimensional Non-Linear Elastic Analysis of Caverns

The finite element method of analysis is one of the several well-developed numerical techniques that can provide useful information for engineering surface and underground excavations in rock. Its application to design in civil and mining engineering projects is essentially an analysis of displacements that leads to estimates of changes in stresses and strains induced during excavation process. There is a great generality in terms of handling the problems having a complex geometry involving layered, non homogeneous rock masses and possible supporting structures interacting with them. Most of the studies carried out so far are, which can be simulated as a 2 D plane strain problem, essentially for assessing the stability of tunnels. However, for an accurate and robust prediction of the structural behaviour of the cavern/ large underground opening, a complete three dimensional finite element analysis is required. Though the efforts required in mesh generation for heterogeneous domain for a 3 D analysis are enormous, nevertheless it enables the designer to solve the problems posed by EGO (Extraordinary Geological Occurrences), which are very common in the geologically complex Himalaya. The paper deals with the development of a software package for 3-dimensional analysis of stresses in anisotropic rock masses named as ASARM. The software is capable of taking into account in-situ stresses, anisotropy (inherent and induced) and stress dependent modulus. Three typical problems have been analysed to validate the software.
POSTOPERATIVE RENAL AND HEPATIC FUNCTIONS AFTER LOW FLOW SEVOFLURANE COMPARED WITH ISOFLURANE ANESTHESIA

Sevoj1.urane degradation by carbon dioxide absorbents during low Jlow anesthesiaforms compound A. which causes nephrotoxicity in rats. This study was done to evaluate post operative renal and hepatic func­ tions after patients were administered Sevoj1.urane under conditions de­ signed to generate high concentration of compound A. Consenting forty patients ASA physical status I, II with normal pre operative renal and he­ patic function undergoing anesthesia for elective surgery with planned duration exceeding 2 h. They were randomized to receive Sevoj1.arane (n=20) or Isoj1.arane (n=20) in oxygen. Total gas flow was iLl min. opioid doses were minimized and barium hydroxide lime was used to maximize anesthetic degradation. Blood and urine were obtained before and 1.2 and 3 days after anesthesia for laboratory evaluation. Sevoflurane and Isoj1.urane groups were similar with respect to age, weights sex. ASA status and anesthetic duration (2-4h) . There was no significant difference between anesthetic groups in postoperative serum creatinine. BUN, and urinary excretion of protein . Post operative alanine and aspartate amino transferase concentration . were not different between the anesthetic groups. It is concluded that renal tubular and hepatic effects of 10w-j1ow Sevoj1.urane and Isoj1.urane were similar as assessed using both conven­ tional measures of renal and hepatic functions . Moderate duration of low­ j1.ow Sevoj1.urane anesthesia, during which compound A formation occurs appears to be as sqfe as low-j1.ow Isoj1.urane anesthesia
Diagnosis of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in Africa : Prospects and Challenges

Cryptosporidium parvum is an opportunistic parasite capable of causing gastrointestinal illness in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients as well as in children less than 2 years old particularly in developing countries. The parasite causes diarrhea that is self-limiting in immunocompetent individuals and another that is potentially life-threatening in immunosuppressed individuals. Transmission of the parasite could be direct through feacal-oral route or indirect via contaminated water supply, food or environment. Methods of diagnosis of infection due to the parasite, involve use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunological – based detection methods, and microscopy. These diagnostic procedures in Africa are however confronted with several challenges ranging from constant lack of power supply and lack of experienced technologists, poor funding from government for periodic trainings, seminars and workshops for laboratory workers as well as technical complexity of the protocols. Given the poor state of health care infrastructure in Africa, brain drain of skilled personnel, low allocation of resources to health care among others the inclusion of immediate work-ups for the prompt diagnosis of Cryptosporidiosis is imperative
A Constraint Based Hybrid Dependency Parser for Telugu

In this paper we present a two stage constraint based approach to Telugu dependency parsing. We define the two stage and show how different Telugu constructions are parsed at appropriate stages. The division leads to selective identification and resolution of specific dependency relations at the two stages. We then discuss the ranking strategy that makes use of the Sconstraints to gives us the best parse. A detailed error analysis of the output of core parser and the ranker helps us to flesh out the current issues and future directions.
Industrial Policy and Development The Political Economy of Capabilities Accumulation

In the 1990s, development policy advocated by international financial institutions was influenced by Washington Consensus thinking. This strategy, based largely on liberalization, privatization, and price-flexibility, downplayed, if not disregarded, the role of government in steering the processes of technological learning and economic growth. With the exception of the Far East, many developing countries adopted the view that industrial policy resulted in inefficiency and poor economic growth.
A Critical Review on the Kinetics , Efficacy , Safety , Nonlinear Law and Optimal Protocols of Corneal Crosslinking

Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) mechanisms including the oxygen-mediated (OM) via singlet oxygen or other reactive oxygen species (ROS), and non-oxygen-mediated (NOM) via direct coupling of the triplet riboflavin to the stroma collagen substrate [A] are included in coupled kinetic equations to describe the three pathways involved in CXL. Analytic formulas for the crosslink time, safety criteria, and overall CXL efficacy are derived. I propose that CXL is governed by both type-I and –II mechanisms, with NOM (in type-I) being the predominant contribution, while oxygen only plays a transient role, in contrary to the conventionally believed OM-predominant mechanism. The debating issues solved/analyzed mathematically in this study include: the validation of Bunsen Roscoe law (BRL), the intensity dynamics and its cutoff maximum, the safety criteria, the demarcation depth, the competing of OM and NOM mechanisms and the role of oxygen. The overall CXL efficacy is governed by the UV light intensity and dose (or fluence), the RF and oxygen initial concentration and their diffusion depths, the triplet-state quantum yield, and the kinetic rate constants. A new protocol using concentration-controlled method (CCM) and a nonlinear-revision of the Dresden dose (based on BRL) can largely improve the efficacy in accelerated CXL, which is less efficient than the Dresden (low intensity) CXL under conventional non-controlled methods.
Control of an Electrostatic MEMS Using Static and Dynamic Output Feedback

This paper examines control strategies for electrostatically-actuated MEMS, with the goal of using feasible measurements to eliminate the pull-in bifurcation, robustly stabilize any desired operating point in the capacitive gap, decrease settling time, and reduce overshoot. Towards these ends, we apply several approaches from the nonlinear control literature. Input-output linearization, passivity-based design, and the theory of port-controlled Hamiltonian systems lead naturally to static output feedback of device charge. This conclusion formalizes and generalizes several previously reported results from the MEMS literature. However, further application of these techniques suggests fundamental limitations of static charge feedback with regard to device performance. In particular, our analysis suggests that significantly improving transient behavior in lightly-damped MEMS requires dynamic estimation of the electrode velocity. We implement such estimation using a reduced-order nonlinear observer. Simulations predict greatly improved transient behavior, and large reductions in control voltage.
Current Thoracic Surgery

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by accumulation of material in the alveoli of the lungs. It is generally diagnosed in middle-aged men. The most common complaints are cough and dyspnea. Characteristic radiological findings of PAP include nodular infiltration with a tendency to merge and ground glass density, septal thickening and resemblance to paving stone. Typical findings include periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain positive materials in the alveolar proteinosis, milky appearance of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), interstitial opacities, thickened interlobular septa, and patchy central or peripheral ground-glass opacities in the lung parenchyma in the chest CT. The most effective proved treatment is whole lung lavage. The aim of the treatment in PAP cases is to restore the alveolar gas exchange by removing excess surfactant accumulated in the alveoli.
Modelling and evaluation of the effects of traffic safety measures Comparative analysis of driving assistance systems and road infrastructure

Improvement of road traffic safety is an important policy issue. Various categories of measures are available to effectuate this. The thesis focuses on two categories: road infrastructure and driving assistance systems. A relevant policy question is if certain driving assistance systems may be desirable substitutes for infrastructure measures, in terms of traffic safety effects and other relevant aspects. The objective of this thesis is to develop an analytical method for comparative analysis of the traffic safety effects of these measures with dissimilar nature, as well as to identify an adequate method for policy evaluation, and to design, based on this method, an approach for strategic evaluation of alternative implementation schemes of different measures, which can take into account the results from the comparative analysis method and/or other method(s) concerning traffic safety effects, and other relevant impacts and constraints. For this comparative analysis and evaluation the following research topics are formulated: (1) identification of the functional substitutability relationships between driving assistance systems and infrastructure measures; (2) modelling of the fundamental schema of the influence of a measure on road traffic safety; (3) design of a method for comparative analysis of measures of different character; and (4) elaboration of a systematic analytical framework for linking decision making at the aggregated global level concerning overall effects of alternatives in a network, and decision making focusing at the local level concerning traffic safety effects of one or several measures at an intersection or road section. Through identification of a benchmark, i.e. a comprehensive set of traffic safety principles, and related operational traffic safety requirements, the functional substitutability relationships between these two categories of measures are qualified. In addition, a quantitative causal chain (QCC) model is developed based on a breakdown of the causal chain between measures and traffic safety effects. Based on the QCC model, a method for comparative analysis is derived for assessing safety performance at a local level. Furthermore, the thesis elaborates a systematic analytical framework for policy evaluation, and proposes a normalisation based evaluation method, named grey relational analysis (GRA), to aggregate data at the global level. Application of GRA provides a clear-cut ranking of strategic alternatives for improving traffic safety. Citation: Meng Lu. Modelling and evaluation of the effects of traffic safety measures Comparative analysis of driving assistance systems and road infrastructure. 2007. Bulletin (Lunds Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för Teknik och Samhälle, Trafik och Väg) 235 Trafik och Väg Traffic Engineering Institutionen för Teknik och Samhälle Department of Technology and Society Lunds Tekniska Högskola Lund Institute of Technology Lunds Universitet Lund University Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sverige Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF A YOGA INTERVENTION ON SLEEP IN FEMALE VETERAN AND NON-VETERAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

Early sleep research in the 1970’s reported that sleep problems were due to cognitive and physiological arousal (Kennedy, 2014; Ong, Ulmer, & Manber, 2005). Recent research suggests that in addition to arousal, maladaptive beliefs and attitudes contribute to sleep problems (Kennedy, 2014; Ong et al., 2005). Techniques to decrease cognitive and physiological arousal include exercise, relaxation techniques, and talk therapy (Kennedy, 2014; Ong et al., 2005. To address maladaptive attitudes and beliefs mindfulness and acceptance techniques such as yoga are recommended (Kennedy, 2014; Ong et al., 2005). Untrue beliefs about how much sleep is needed and a tendency to avoid distressing emotions are patterns in individuals with sleep problems (Kennedy, 2014; Ong et al., 2005). Yoga was historically thought to balance physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of an individual (Ross and Thomas, 2010). During a yoga class, individuals are encouraged to practice selfawareness and acceptance of their cognitive and emotional states (Ong et al., 2005). Yoga could change individuals’ maladaptive beliefs and attitudes in addition to decreasing cognitive and physiological arousal (Ong et al., 2005). To test the impact of yoga on sleep, this researcher analyzed secondary sleep data from a pilot research study that was conducted in the spring of 2018 at University of Montana’s (UM) Mind Body lab. Twelve female participants in the pilot study completed a one-hour trauma-informed Hatha yoga class once per week for four weeks and recorded sleep measures for five weeks. The researcher was interested in whether participants’ sleep scores significantly differed during the five-week study. A secondary research question asked whether female veteran college students composite sleep scores differed over the fiveweek study and whether female non-veteran college students composite sleep scores differed over the five-week study. This researcher also asked whether four sleep variables differed over the five-week study and whether those four variables and a composite score differed in each age group over the fiveweek study. Results were nonsignificant and, this research confirms that further studies on traumainformed yoga and sleep need to be conducted.
Optimum structural configuration of irregular buildings 2 . Inelastic systems

Multi-story inelastic buildings, classified by Eurocode 8 (EC8-2004) as irregular buildings, are presenting a practically translational response under a ground motion when (i) they are detailed as planar structures under a code load and (ii) the first mode center of rigidity (m1-CR) lies on the axis passing through the centers of floor masses (mass axis). The concept and the usefulness of this point in elastic multistory structures is presented in the companion paper but it retains its value in structures composed by inelastic bents, since the coincidence of its location with the mass axis determines the optimum arrangement of the lateral load resisting elements, in terms of enabling the system to sustain minimum torsional response in the case of a strong ground motion. Inelastic building structures, detailed as above may be regarded as torsionally balanced multistory systems and this is demonstrated in eight story buildings, composed by dissimilar bents, under the ground motions of Kobe 1995 (component KJM000) and Fruili 1976 (component Tolmezzo E-W).
Effect of Partial Substitution of Wheat Flour with Either Defatted Soybean or Chickpea Flours at Different Ratios on Rheological and Physical Properties of Dough , and Quality Characteristics of Biscuits

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with either defatted soybean (DSF) or chickpea (CPF) flours at different rates; 5, 10, and 15% of both on the rheological and physical properties of dough and quality criteria of produced biscuit product, as compared with the biscuit produced by using wheat flour (72% extract) only which was taken as control sample. The present results revealed that the DSF at 5 to 15% substitution levels increased the water absorption and the stability, and decreased the degree of softening of dough, while the CPF at same ratios increased the water absorption and degree of softening of dough, and decreased the stability of the dough. In addition, the DSF caused an increase in the resistance to extension, proportional number, energy and diminished extensibility of dough. However, the CPF increased extensibility, energy of dough, while it decrement the resistance to extension and proportional number of dough. For chemical composition results showed that the DSF had highest crude protein and ash contents, meanwhile the CPF had the highest ether extract and crude fiber contents. In the case of the DSF substitution at different levels in biscuit blends, the crude protein and ash contents increased, while carbohydrates content decreased. Moreover, the increasing in the CPF levels led to increase in crude protein, ether extract, and crude fiber contents and decreased the carbohydrates content. The addition of the DSF or the CPF adversely affected on the thickness and diameter and thus, spread ratio of the substituted biscuits. Evaluation of the organoleptic properties of biscuit revealed that no significant differences were noticed at levels of 5% DSF and 10 % CPF, when compared with the control. However, significant differences at level of 10% &15 % DSF and of 5% & 15% CPF replacement were observed.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION ON DIVERGENT FINE-GRAINED SOIL STABILIZATION WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE ASH AND LIME *

Adding Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) is one of the most important methods to improve the strength of soil. Application of this method for the stability of fine-grained soils is possible in the development projects. Without having the knowledge of impacts of SSA on various soil parameters, many restrictions during the projects would be arisen. The purpose of the research is to test stabilization of divergent fine-grained soils with sewage sludge ash and lime (SSA %8). SSA and lime, as stabilizers, with a fixed ratio of 4 to 1, in two percentages (SSA 8% and 16%) and in six different curing time (3,7,14,28,60 and 90 days) were added to divergent soils. In order to understand the effects of additive materials, some tests such as pinhole and crumb were conducted on the samples. The paper suggests that optimal moisture increases and dry unit weight decreases by increasing additives. Results have also indicated that SSA alone has no effect on non-divergent soil. However, if used in combination with lime (8% additive), soil divergence quality disappears through 3 days, while by using 7% lime alone this quality disappears within three days.
Unsupervised Learning for 3 D Reconstruction and Blocks World Representation

Recovering the dense 3D structure of a scene from its images has been a long-standing goal in computer vision. Recent years have seen attempts of encoding richer priors into the geometry-based pipelines with the introduction of learning based methods. We argue that the form of 3D supervision required by such methods is too onerous, is not naturally available, and it is therefore of both practical and scientific interest to pursue solutions that do not rely on such 3D supervision. In this thesis, we attempt to bridge the worlds of geometric modeling and deep learning – how to use geometric constraints for obtaining supervisory signal for the task of reconstructing and representing the 3D world efficiently. We first present an unsupervised learning based approach for 3D reconstruction, based on a novel robust photometric consistency objective, the output of which is a 3D point cloud. When trained with our proposed learning objective, deep multi-view stereo models produce significantly better 3D reconstructions. The proposed objective allows implicitly overcoming lighting changes and occlusions across multiple views. In order to represent the reconstructions efficiently, we draw inspiration from Larry Roberts’ famous Blocks World of 1965. We introduce a deep learning framework that enables representing 3D point clouds as an assembly of blocks giving way to a lightweight representation with a several orders of magnitude reduction in memory. We describe how geometric relationships between points and surfaces along with physical priors can be utilized to provide supervisory signal for training deep models. We also present a synthetic-to-real transfer learning setup with a differentiable matching loss that facilitates supervised learning of such blocks world representations.
Personal factors, psychological work climate, and role related factors as precursors of organizational commitment of records management employees in state civil services of Northwest, Nigeria

The purpose of the present study was to find out if personal factors, psychological work climate, and role related factors are the precursors of organizational commitment. The study data were collected from a sample of 651 records management employees in State Civil Services of North-west, Nigeria, using a self-designed biographical and occupational questionnaire; a psychological work climate questionnaire adopted from Brown and Leigh; a role-related factors questionnaire adopted from Rizzo et al.; and an organizational commitment (OC) questionnaire adopted from Meyer and Allen. The present study found that age, educational qualification, job tenure psychological work climate, role conflict and role ambiguity have significant correlations with organizational commitment of records management employees in State Civil Services of North-west, Nigeria. It was further found that age, educational qualification, job tenure, psychological work climate, role conflict and role ambiguity have an additive effect on organizational commitment of records management employees in State Civil Services of North-west, Nigeria. Recommendations on how to improve organizational commitment of records management employees were also given. Key words: Personal factors, psychological work climate, role-related factors, organizational commitment, civil service, record management personnel, Nigeria.