Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occupational and socioeconomic differences in actigraphically measured sleep

Occupational conditions, together with socioeconomic status, may modulate sleep. This study examined the association of occupational conditions and socioeconomic status with actigraphic measures of sleep in workers. Fifty‐five employees (40 ± 12 years) wore a wrist actigraph during sleep for seven consecutive nights. Sleep variables addressed included total sleep time, sleep efficiency, mean activity during sleep, sleep‐onset latency, and wake after sleep onset. We also measured household income, occupational class, work schedule, weekly work hours, job demand, job control, worksite social support, effort–reward imbalance, organizational justice, and workplace social capital. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine the association of occupational indicators, socioeconomic status, as well as age and gender with each sleep variable. Higher workplace social capital was associated consistently with longer total sleep time (P < 0.001), higher sleep efficiency (P < 0.05) and lower mean activity during sleep (P < 0.07). Low occupational class (P < 0.01), higher job demand (P < 0.05) and lower job control (P < 0.05) were associated with longer total sleep time. No associations were significant for sleep‐onset latency or wake after sleep onset. These preliminary results suggest that enhanced workplace social capital is closely associated with better quality and quantity of sleep.
Potent Anti-leukemia Activities of Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Modified T Cells against CD19 in Chinese Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Purpose: Patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia (R/R ALL) have a poor prognosis. Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells against CD19 (CART19) have displayed anti-leukemia activities. However, data from systemic trials in Chinese patients are limited. Experimental Design: T cells transduced with CD19-directed CAR lentiviral vectors were infused in patients with R/R ALL under fludarabine- and cyclophosphamide-based lymphodepletion. The postinfusion responses, toxicities, expansion, and persistence of CART19s in enrolled patients were observed and monitored. Results: We enrolled 15 patients with R/R ALL. The median transduction efficiency of CART19s was 33%. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were conducted and showed prominent antileukemia activities with CART19s. The patients received CART19s infusion at doses of 1.1 × 106/kg to 9.8 × 106/kg. Twelve patients achieved complete remission 1 month after CART19s infusion. CART19s expanded and persisted in peripheral blood and bone marrow. At 150 days, the overall survival rate and leukemia-free survival rate were 65.5% and 37.8%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of relapse and the nonrelapse mortality rate were 54.5% and 7.7%, respectively. Four patients underwent subsequent haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this trial, 10 patients experienced cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Grade 3 CRS developed in 40% of patients and was associated with a higher disease burden on day −1 and a higher number of previous relapses. Conclusions: This trial demonstrated potent antileukemia activities of CART19s in Chinese patients with R/R ALL. Disease relapse remained the main obstacle. However, patients with a high risk of relapse after CART19s might benefit from subsequent haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3297–306. ©2016 AACR.
The Agile Innovation Pendulum: A Strategic Marketing Multicultural Model for Family Businesses

Abstract This article constitutes the second of two parts of a research project aiming to investigate innovation in family businesses (FBs) and to present a consumer-focused conduit to agility in the strategic marketing multicultural context. The current article explores theoretically the notion of Agile Innovation giving birth to the idea of the Dynamic Equilibrium of Agile Innovation. It subsequently introduces the “missing link” of the Agile Consumer to construct the FB Strategic Marketing Multicultural Agility Pendulum, conceptually and conclusively, while drawing in parallel significant theoretical and executive insights and implications. The research findings and contribution are supportive of family firms’ potentialities, indicating that these organizations have an inherent disposition towards agile innovation, with multicultural management acting as the agent of equilibrium. Caution, however, is demanded in developing the proper value propositions and “softer” agility features that will not perturb the often-delicate balances and unique bundle of features defining FBs. Methodologically, the research retains a scientifically founded exactitude, balancing the primary, the theoretical, and the conceptual countenances through a mixed inductive-deductive approach. The current article is conceptual and is based on a combination of narrative literature review, meta-synthesis literature review, and qualitative primary data (interviews).
Effects of Quadriceps Strength After Static and Dynamic Whole-Body Vibration Exercise

Abstract Bush, JA, Blog, GL, Kang, J, Faigenbaum, AD, and Ratamess, NA. Effects of quadriceps strength after static and dynamic whole-body vibration exercise. J Strength Cond Res 29(5): 1367–1377, 2015—Numerous studies have shown performance benefits including whole-body vibration (WBV) as a training modality or an acute exercise protocol when used as a component of the resistance training program. Some studies have indicated that performing dynamic exercises as compared with static position exercises while exposed to WBV might be beneficial; however, evidence is lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if an acute bout of dynamic versus static squats performed during WBV results in increase in quadriceps force production by means of dynamic isokinetic knee extension and flexion exercise. Nonresistance-trained healthy young men and women (N = 21) of 18–25 years participated in 4 protocols with 2-week rest in-between. Protocol 1 consisted of 5 sets of 10 dynamic squats without vibration; Protocol 2: 5 sets of 30-second static squats without vibration; Protocol 3: 5 sets of 10 dynamic squats with 30-Hz WBV for a total of 2.5 minutes; and Protocol 4: 5 sets of 30-second static squats with 30-Hz WBV for a total of 2.5 minutes. Prestrength tests (1 set of 4 repetitions at 100°·s−1 for the knee extension exercise) was performed within 5 minutes of starting each protocol, and poststrength testing was performed within 1 minute of completing each protocol. Strength outcomes were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance with a significance level set at p ⩽ 0.05. A significant decrease in strength was observed after dynamic and static squats without WBV (p = 0.002); an increase in strength after dynamic squats with WBV (p = 0.003); and a decrease in strength after static squats with WBV (p = 0.003). The inclusion of WBV to dynamic resistance exercise can be an added modality to increase strength. Whole-body vibration can have varied effects in altering muscle strength in untrained individuals according to the type of resistance training performed. As a dynamic squat with WBV seems to immediately potentiate neuromuscular functioning, the combination of dynamic exercises and WBV could be used as a potential warm-up procedure before resistance exercise.
The pathogenesis of hypochloremia in respiratory acidosis.

A decrease in the concentration of chloride and an increase in the content of carbon dioxide are characteristic findings in the serum of patients with chronic respiratory acidosis. The elevated CO2 content of serum has been demonstrated to be at least in part the result of an increased reabsorption of bicarbonate by the kidneys (1-3). The mechanism by which hypochloremia develops, however, has not been clearly established. Possible mechanisms include: 1) transfer of chloride to an intracellular position, particularly into red cells, 2) expansion and dilution of the extracellular space by sodium bicarbonate and water, and 3) increased renal excretion of chloride. The present experiments indicate that in the rat, the first two alternatives listed above do not contribute importantly to the hypochloremia. The low serum chloride which develops during respiratory acidosis is associated instead with increased renal excretion of chloride together with potassium and ammonium, resulting in a net loss of chloride from the body.
Peripheral mechanisms in irritable bowel syndrome.

n engl j med 368;6 nejm.org february 7, 2013 577 Gray, allowing for competing causes of death, gave similar results as Cox regression censoring on these competing causes, it is unlikely that deaths from cardiovascular causes distorted our findings. In response to Rosch and McCully: our study did not examine cancer risk nor does the article recommend statin use in patients with cancer. Importantly, because meta-analyses of randomized statin trials1,2 and mendelian randomization studies3 show that statin use and low cholesterol levels are not associated with an increased risk of cancer, it is inappropriate that Rosch and McCully highlight a different result from a single study. Taken together, the mentioned limitations do not alter the robustness or validity of our epidemiologic finding that cancer-related mortality was reduced by 15% among patients with cancer who were taking statins, but discussion of the interpretation is important. Our findings should be confirmed or refuted in randomized clinical trials or in mendelian randomization studies with the use of genetic variants leading to lifelong reduced levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with or without an effect on 3-hydroxy-3methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase.
Temporal Processing Deficits of Language-Learning Impaired Children Ameliorated by Training

Children with language-based learning impairments (LLIs) have major deficits in their recognition of some rapidly successive phonetic elements and nonspeech sound stimuli. In the current study, LLI children were engaged in adaptive training exercises mounted as computer “games” designed to drive improvements in their “temporal processing” skills. With 8 to 16 hours of training during a 20-day period, LLI children improved markedly in their abilities to recognize brief and fast sequences of nonspeech and speech stimuli.
Current Transfusion Practices of Members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists: A Survey

Background The last published survey of transfusion practices among members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) was conducted in 1981. The ASA Committee on Transfusion Medicine conducted a new transfusion survey in 2002. Methods The survey was mailed to 2,500 randomly selected active ASA members. The previous survey was modified to incorporate questions based on the ASA Practice Guidelines for Blood Component Therapy. The chi-square test was used for comparisons. Two-tailed P values of 0.05 or less were considered as nonchance differences. Results A total of 862 survey responses were completed by anesthesiologists who provided or directly supervised anesthesia for patients who may have required transfusion. In a given week, 62% rarely or never transfused 3 or more units of blood to the same patient. The percentage of anesthesiologists who responded that it is never or rarely (1% or less of the time) necessary to cancel elective surgery because of unavailability of blood products was 96% in 2002. In 1981, 92% responded that it was rarely necessary, and 8% said that it was occasionally necessary. The percentage of anesthesiologists who required patients undergoing elective surgery to have a hemoglobin concentration of at least 10 g/dl decreased from 65% to 9% (P < 0.001). Before intraoperative erythrocyte transfusion, 89% of respondents performed hemoglobin or hematocrit determinations routinely or sometimes. Intraoperative autologous transfusion equipment availability increased from 39% to 95% (P < 0.001). Awareness of the ASA Guidelines was 72%. Conclusions Transfusion practices have changed considerably since 1981. Current transfusion practices are, in general, consistent with the ASA Guidelines.
Long-Term Human CD34+ Stem Cell-Engrafted Nonobese Diabetic/SCID/IL-2Rγnull Mice Show Impaired CD8+ T Cell Maintenance and a Functional Arrest of Immature NK Cells

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation represents the most effective form of immunotherapy for chemorefractory diseases. However, animal models have been missing that allow evaluation of donor-patient–specific graft-versus-leukemia effects. Thus, we sought to establish a patient-tailored humanized mouse model that would result in long-term engraftment of various lymphocytic lineages and would serve as a donor-specific surrogate. Following transfer of donor-derived peripheral blood stem cells into NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice with supplementation of human IL-7, we could demonstrate robust engraftment and multilineage differentiation comparable to earlier studies using cord blood stem cells. Phenotypical and functional analyses of lymphoid lineages revealed that >20 wk posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the majority of T lymphocytes consisted of memory-type CD4+ T cells capable of inducing specific immune functions, whereas CD8+ T cells were only present in low numbers. Analysis of NSG-derived NK cells revealed the expression of constitutively activated CD56brightCD16− killer Ig-like receptornegative NK cells that exhibited functional impairments. Thus, the data presented in this study demonstrate that humanized NSG mice can be successfully used to develop a xenotransplantation model that might allow patient-tailored treatment strategies in the future, but also highlight the need to improve this model, for example, by coadministration of differentiation-promoting cytokines and induction of human MHC molecules to complement existing deficiencies in NK and CD8+ T cell development.
School Accountability Under NCLB: Aid or Obstacle for Measuring Racial Equity?

School Accountability under NCLB: Aid or Obstacle for Measuring Racial Equity? THE CIVIL RIGHTS PROJECT AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY October 2006 Ann Owens & Gail L. Sunderman Introduction At the core of the federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) are relatively simple but controversial accountability provisions: all schools and districts must meet state standards by 2014. When NCLB was enacted, researchers and state education officials projected that a high percentage of schools would fail to meet the law’s tough accountability provisions, creating a crisis in public education and overwhelming the capacity of state education agencies to help low performing schools. Others bet that the law would be changed before the full effect of the requirements were felt, reflecting the view that the requirements as written were not sustainable and that the Administration would relax its enforcement and Congress would amend the law in response to state and local preferences. With the law in its fifth year and up for reauthorization in 2007, now is a good time to review state progress towards meeting the NCLB accountability requirements. What we are finding is that many schools, once identified as needing improvement, are not moving out of improvement status and new schools continue to be added to the list of schools needing improvement. However, interpreting changes in the number of schools identified as needing improvement is complicated by how the law has been interpreted and implemented. In the face of mounting political opposition to the law, the U.S. Department of Education (ED) modified many of the law’s requirements that affect the number of schools and districts identified for improvement (Sunderman, 2006; Tracey, Sunderman, & Orfield, 2005). In addition, the law itself requires higher proficiency standards and testing in more grades than it did in the first years of implementation, further complicating year-by-year comparisons. We conclude from the analysis presented in this policy brief that AYP and the state proficiency targets are not very informative when it comes to determining educational progress because of the ways the law has been changed. The AYP data does not allow us to say whether schools are getting better because some states have retained their original standards while others have modified them. Since states are going in opposite directions—some states report a decline in the number of schools identified for improvement while others report an increase—it is difficult to know how much progress has been made improving student performance. We also found that schools most likely to be identified as needing improvement are highly segregated and enroll a disproportionate share of a state’s minority and low-
Working Paper No . 575 Market Failure and Land Concentration

The author wishes to thank the Institute of Turkish Studies, Georgetown University; and the Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Amherst for funding this research. In addition, she is grateful to Mohan Rao and James Boyce for their insightful comments and questions. The author is particularly indebted to the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and to Levent Yener, director of the Agricultural Reform Implementation Project, for providing the 2002 Quantitative Household Survey dataset. Responsibility for any mistakes contained in this article is exclusively the author’s.
Barriers and successful strategies to antiretroviral adherence among HIV-infected monolingual Spanish-speaking patients

Focus groups were conducted with HIV-infected, monolingual Spanish-speaking patients (N=81) taking antiretrovirals in order to: (1) determine what barriers impede medication adherence; (2) determine what strategies facilitate adherence; and (3) investigate the health care provider-patient relationship and whether it impacts adherence. Both quantitative and qualitative information was gathered. Participants were prescribed an average of 11 pills per day (M=11.4, SD=7.0, range=1-30). Only 32% of participants were consistently adherent when self-report of medication taking (yesterday, the day before yesterday, and last Saturday) was compared to prescribed regimen. The most frequently reported strategies were: learning more about the medications (77%), accepting the need to take them (75%) and refilling prescriptions early or on time (70%). Barriers most often reported were: feeling depressed or overwhelmed (21%), simply forgetting (19%) and sleeping through a dose (17%). From the qualitative data, four main issues emerged: patient characteristics, the health care professional-patient relationship, language and cultural barriers within the health care system, and the medication regimen. Among this Latino sample, having someone to live for was extremely important in terms of patient adherence. Language barriers were reported, and the use of translators was not always seen as a sufficient remedy. Differences between monolingual Spanish-speaking patients' and English-speaking patients' strategies and barriers are discussed.
Effects of type I collagen coating on titanium osseointegration: histomorphometric, cellular and molecular analyses

The investigation of titanium (Ti) surface modifications aiming to increase implant osseointegration is one of the most active research areas in dental implantology. This study was carried out to evaluate the benefits of coating Ti with type I collagen on the osseointegration of dental implants. Acid etched Ti implants (AETi), either untreated or coated with type I collagen (ColTi), were placed in dog mandibles for three and eight weeks for histomorphometric, cellular and molecular evaluations of bone tissue response. While the histological aspects were essentially the same with both implants being surrounded by lamellar bone trabeculae, histomorphometric analysis showed more abundant bone formation in ColTi, mainly at three weeks. Cellular evaluation showed that cells harvested from bone fragments in close contact with ColTi display lower proliferative capacity and higher alkaline phosphatase activity, phenotypic features associated with more differentiated osteoblasts. Confirming these findings, molecular analyses showed that ColTi implants up-regulates the expression of a panel of genes well known as osteoblast markers. Our results present a set of evidences that coating AETi with collagen fastens the osseointegration by stimulating bone formation at the cellular and molecular levels, making this combination of morphological and biochemical modification a promising approach to treat Ti surfaces.
LSAMP, a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene in human osteosarcomas, identified by array comparative genomic hybridization

Osteosarcomas are the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, and almost all conventional osteosarcomas are high‐grade tumors with complex karyotypes. We have examined DNA copy number changes in 36 osteosarcoma tumors and 20 cell lines using microarray‐based comparative genomic hybridization. The most frequent minimal recurrent regions of gain identified in the tumor samples were in 1q21.2‐q21.3 (78% of the samples), 1q21.3‐q22 (78%), and 8q22.1 (72%). Minimal recurrent regions in 10q22.1‐q22.2 (81%), 6q16.1 (67%), 13q14.2 (67%), and 13q21.1 (67%) were most frequently lost. A small region in 3q13.31 (2.1 Mb) containing the gene limbic system‐associated membrane protein (LSAMP) was frequently deleted (56%). LSAMP has previously been reported to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene in other cancer types. The deletion was validated using fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the expression level and promoter methylation status of LSAMP were investigated using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR and methylation‐specific PCR, respectively. LSAMP showed low expression compared to two normal bone samples in 6/15 tumors and 5/9 cell lines with deletion of 3q13.31, and also in 5/14 tumors and 3/11 cell lines with normal copy number or gain. Partial or full methylation of the investigated CpG island was identified in 3/30 tumors and 7/20 cell lines. Statistical analyses revealed that loss of 11p15.4‐p15.3 and low expression of LSAMP (both P = 0.011) were significantly associated with poor survival. Our results show that LSAMP is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcomas. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sharing Resources on Facebook Groups: Polish Immigrants in Germany, Norway and UK

Facebook groups enable their members access to diverse resources symbolic and material, scarce and free, exhaustible or renewable. Depending on the group’s objective, resources are co-used, gifted, bartered, swapped, freecycled or sold (bought) by users responding to the needs of others or satisfying their own needs. Based on posts collected through the Facebook’s Application Programming Interface (API), this study examines sharing of resources among Polish immigrants in Germany, Norway and United Kingdom, belonging to the public Facebook groups. Findings suggest that the most important resource shared by members of Polish immigrant groups on Facebook is job-related information. Moreover, Facebook groups appear to be a popular selling tool and less effective sharing space for Polish immigrants in Germany, Norway and UK. However, some sharing economy models such as freecycling, swapping and bartering are identified based on Facebook posts.