Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bordetella pertussis with Protective Immunity to Respiratory Infection Dendritic Cells Promote + a CD8+ CD11c

CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) and CD103 (cid:1) dendritic cells (DC) have been shown to promote regulatory T cell responses and mediate tolerance in the gastrointestinal tract. These cells have also been identiﬁed in the lung, but their role in immunity to respiratory tract infection is not clear. In this study, we have used a murine model of infection with Bordetella pertussis to examine the function of DC subtypes in protective immunity in the lungs. We found a dramatic increase in the numbers of CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) DC in the cervical lymph nodes within 4 h ofchallenge with B. pertussis and these DC could acquire particulate Ag from the upper respiratory tract. CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) DC also inﬁltrated the lung with a peak 7 days after B. pertussis challenge. The inﬁltrating CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) DC expressed MHC, costimulatory and activation markers indicative of mature DC. The CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) DC in the cervical lymph nodes expressed IL-4 and IL-10 and lower levels of IFN- (cid:3) , but in the lungs expressed predominantly IFN- (cid:3) . Depletion of CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) cells early in infection attenuated Th1 responses in the lungs and signiﬁcantly reduced bacterial clearance. Conversely, transfer of FLT3 ligand (FL)-expanded CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) DC enhanced bacterial clearance, whereas GM-CSF-ex-panded conventional DC had no effect. The numbers of CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) CD103 (cid:1) cells were also increased during the early phase of infection. Blocking CD103 function caused a signiﬁcant delay in bacterial clearance and a reduction in cellular inﬁltration into the lungs. These ﬁndings demonstrate that CD11c (cid:1) CD8 (cid:2) (cid:1) and CD11c (cid:1) CD103 (cid:1) DC play a protective role in mediating immunity to B. pertussis infection in the respiratory tract. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 183: 400–410.
murine myelodysplastic syndromes RUNX 1 / AML 1 mutant collaborates with BMI 1 overexpression in the

Prepublished online March 7, 2013; Hiromichi Matsushita, Kiyoshi Ando, Goro Sashida, Atsushi Iwama, Toshio Kitamura and Hironori Harada Yuka Harada, Daichi Inoue, Ye Ding, Jun Imagawa, Noriko Doki, Hirotaka Matsui, Takashi Yahata, development of human and murine myelodysplastic syndromes RUNX1/AML1 mutant collaborates with BMI1 overexpression in the http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#repub_requests Information about reproducing this article in parts or in its entirety may be found online at: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#reprints Information about ordering reprints may be found online at: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/subscriptions/index.xhtml Information about subscriptions and ASH membership may be found online at:
Effects of the audit committee and the fiscal council on earnings quality in Brazil *

This study evaluates the effects of the audit committee and the fiscal council with their different characteristics on earnings quality in Brazil. The proxies of earnings quality used are: relevance of accounting information, timeliness, and conditional conservatism. The sample consists of Brazilian companies listed on the Brazilian Securities, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) with annual liquidity above 0.001 within the period from 2010 to 2013. Data were collected from the database Comdinheiro and the Reference Forms of companies available on the website of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) or the BM&FBOVESPA. The samples used in the study totaled 718, 688, and 722 observations for the value relevance, timeliness, and conditional conservatism models, respectively. The results indicate that different arrangements of the fiscal council and the existence of the audit committee differently impact the accounting information properties. The presence of the fiscal council positively impacted the relevance of equity, while the presence of the audit committee, the relevance of earnings. Conditional conservatism is evidenced in the group of companies with a permanent fiscal council, demonstrating that it is significant as a governance mechanism, rather than the installation for temporary operation when asked by shareholders in an ordinary general meeting. The presence of both showed significant earnings for the market, but they were not timely, something which exposes restriction to the relevance found. Lastly, the powered fiscal council showed a positive association only concerning the relevance of equity.
IMPACT STUDIES WITH PERIDYNAMICS

Several impact and fragmentation scenarios were studied using peridynamics, including impact on thin discs, taking into consideration the stiffness of the impactors and its influence on the fragmentation pattern. The promising peridynamics theory allows bypassing the mathematical singularity that a fracture represents within the classical theory of continuum mechanics, conditioned to the constitutive models available for such a problem. In our tests, the prototype microelastic brittle model was used, and the influence of the constitutive model parameters on discs and spheres fragmentation was studied. Collision and fragmentation of spherical clusters are compared to similar results using atomistic and granular models. Mecánica Computacional Vol XXXI, págs. 1877-1887 (artículo completo) Alberto Cardona, Paul H. Kohan, Ricardo D. Quinteros, Mario A. Storti (Eds.) Salta, Argentina, 13-16 Noviembre 2012 Copyright © 2012 Asociación Argentina de Mecánica Computacional http://www.amcaonline. org.ar
Entrepreneurial Orientation, Strategic Orientation and Performance of Small Family Firms in the Kumasi Metropolis

Small family firms form the majority of small enterprises in the Ghanaian economy, however, little is known about the entrepreneurial orientation, strategic orientation and performance of these firms. Using small family firms from the Kumasi Metropolis and employing area sampling, 250 firms were selected for this study. Structural Equation Modeling, utilizing the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach was used to test the hypotheses formulated in the theoretical framework. The results revealed that entrepreneurial orientation is not associated with firm’s performance but positively related to strategic orientation, whilst strategic orientation also influences firm performance positively. In addition, strategic orientation did not moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. It is recommended that, to be able to beat the competition and survive in turbulent environments, small family firms in the Kumasi Metropolis must be proactive and innovative in the management of their businesses.
2 Sequence of Primers Used for Real-Time Quantitative PCR Gene Forward Reverse 18 s AGTCCCTGCCCTTTGTACACA CGATCCGAGGGCCTCACTA Bax GATCAGCTCGGGCACTTTAG TTGCTGATGGCAACTTCAAC Dgat 1 TCACCACACACCAATTCAGG GACGGCTACTGGGATCTGA Tnf AGGGTCTGGGCCATAGAACT CCACCACGCTCTTCTGTCTAC Il 1 b GGTCAAAGGTTTGGAAGCAG TGTGA

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling activates Smad-dependent and TAK1-dependent signaling to regulate cell survival, proliferation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. The effects of TGF-β signaling on metabolic syndrome including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease remain elusive. Wild-type (WT) and hepatocyte specific TGF-β receptor type II-deficient (Tgfbr2∆HEP) mice were fed a choline-deficient amino acid defined (CDAA) diet for 22 weeks to induce NASH. WT mice fed a CDAA diet displayed increased activation of Smad2/3 and had marked lipid accumulation, inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatocyte death, and fibrosis; in comparison, Tgfbr2∆HEP mice fed a CDAA diet had suppressed liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Both palmitate-induced steatotic hepatocytes and hepatocytes isolated from WT mice fed a CDAA diet had increased susceptibility to TGF-β-mediated death. TGF-β-mediated death in steatotic hepatocytes was inhibited by silencing Smad2 or blocking ROS production, and was enhanced by inhibiting TAK1 or NF-κB. Increased hepatic steatosis in WT mice fed a CDAA diet was associated with the increased expression of lipogenesis genes (Dgat1, Srebp1c), whereas the decreased steatosis in Tgfbr2∆HEP mice was accompanied by the increased expression of genes involved in β-oxidation (Cpt1, Acox1). In combination with palmitate treatment, TGF-β signaling promoted lipid accumulation with induction of lipogenesis-related genes and suppression of β-oxidation-related genes in hepatocytes. Silencing Smad2 decreased TGF-β-mediated lipid accumulation and corrected altered gene expression related to lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. Finally, we confirmed that the livers from patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis displayed phosphorylation and nuclear-translocation of Smad2/3. Conclusions: TGF-β signaling in hepatocytes contributes to Page 4 of 48 Hepatology Hepatology
Vyacheslav Tretyachenko Never Born Proteins : Occurence and characterization of secondary structure motifs

4 1 Theoretical part 6 1.1 Protein universe . 6 1.1.1 Protein sequence universe . 6 1.1.2 Protein structure universe . 6 1.1.2.1 Theoretical studies . 7 1.1.2.2 Protein design and engineering experiments . 7 1.1.2.3 Random–sequence experiments . 8 1.2 Protein secondary structure elements . 9 1.2.1 Secondary structure . 9 1.2.1.1 Helix conformation . 10 1.2.1.2 Beta structure . 11 1.2.1.3 Turns and loops . 13 1.2.1.4 Preference of amino acids in aspect to secondary structures . 13 1.2.2 Tertiary structure . 14 1.2.2.1 Fold classes . 14 1.2.2.2 Intrisically disordered proteins (IDPs) . 15 1.3 Protein structure prediction . 17 1.3.1 Secondary structure prediction . 17 1.3. 2 Tertiary structure prediction . 18 1.4 Methods of protein structure analysis . 19 1.4. 1 Circular dichroism (CD) . 19 1.4. 2 Infrared spectroscopy (IR) . 20 1.4. 3 Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) . 21 1.4. 4 Intrinsic fluorescence of proteins . 22 2 Aims of the thesis 23 3 Materials and instruments 24 3.1 Materials . 24 3.1.1 Chemicals . 24 3.1.2 Buffers . 25 3.1.3 Enzymes . 26 3.1.4 Competent cells . 26 3.1. 5 Other materials . 27
The use of natural microphytobenthic assemblages as laboratory model systems

The use of complex species mixtures is becoming more common in laboratory investi- gations of ecological theory. Natural assemblages of microphytobenthos provide a model system of considerable species richness that can be examined and manipulated easily under laboratory condi- tions. However, the relative temporal stability of these assemblages maintained under laboratory conditions in terms of species composition and community metabolism is not known. This information is required before the results from model systems employing assemblages of microphytobenthos can be properly interpreted. Natural assemblages of microphytobenthos were sampled, prepared and incubated in the laboratory under light levels representative of those found in the literature. Analy- sis of microphytobenthic assemblage composition (gross community change), biomass (chloro- phyll a), composition of pigments and photophysiological status were assessed after a 14 d period. No changes in species richness were found, whilst diversity declined from the initial field values, but were similar when compared between assemblages maintained at different light levels. Field assem- blages contained greater numbers of larger diatoms compared to the cultured assemblages. Photo- physiological responses were similar between the 2 light treatments, although signs of photophysio- logical stress were observed. It was therefore shown that estuarine microphytobenthic assemblages appear to possess a certain degree of inertia when brought from the field into the reduced light regime of a laboratory. Microphytobenthic assemblages therefore provide a useful experimental model with relevance to natural conditions.
In vivo from Normal Phenotype in Three Dimensional Cultures and Cancer Cells , Inhibits Growth , and Distinguishes Malignant Integrin Inhibitory Antibody Induces Apoptosis of Breast 1 β

Current therapeutic approaches to cancer are designed to target molecules that contribute to malignant behavior but leave normal tissues intact. B1 integrin is a candidate target well known for mediating cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions that influence diverse cellular functions; its aberrant expression has been implicated in breast cancer progression and resistance to cytotoxic therapy. The addition of B1 integrin inhibitory agents to breast cancer cells at a single-cell stage in a laminin-rich ECM (three-dimensional lrECM) culture was shown to down-modulate B1 integrin signaling, resulting in malignant reversion. To investigate B1 integrin as a therapeutic target, we modified the threedimensional lrECM protocol to approximate the clinical situation: before treatment, we allowed nonmalignant cells to form organized acinar structures and malignant cells to form tumor-like colonies. We then tested the ability of B1 integrin inhibitory antibody, AIIB2, to inhibit tumor cell growth in several breast cancer cell lines (T4-2, MDA-MB-231, BT474, SKBR3, and MCF-7) and one nonmalignant cell line (S-1). We show that B1 integrin inhibition resulted in a significant loss of cancer cells, associated with a decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis, and a global change in the composition of residual colonies. In contrast, nonmalignant cells that formed tissue-like structures remained resistant. Moreover, these cancer cell–specific antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects were confirmed in vivo with no discernible toxicity to animals. Our findings indicate that B1 integrin is a promising therapeutic target, and that the threedimensional lrECM culture assay can be used to effectively distinguish malignant and normal tissue response to therapy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1526-35)
Internal Governance and Creditor Governance: Evidence from Credit Default Swaps

I study the relation between internal governance and creditor governance. A deterioration in creditor governance may increase the agency costs of debt and managerial opportunism at the expense of shareholders. I exploit the introduction of credit default swaps (CDS) as a negative shock to creditor governance. I provide evidence consistent with shareholders pushing for a substitution effect between internal governance and creditor governance. Following CDS introduction, CDS firms reduce managerial risk-taking incentives relative to other firms. At the same time, after the start of CDS trading, CDS firms increase managerial wealth-performance sensitivity, board independence, and CEO turnover performance-sensitivity relative to other firms.
Additional smoothness of f : S 1 →

We study Cantor staircases arising from different problems in Physics. Each staircase is endowed with the Farey structure in the vertical axis, the underlying cantordust set Ω having a fractal dimension strictly between 0 and 1. We find that length and distribution of stairsteps follow hyperbolic laws related to the Poincaré measure in the hyperbolic half-plane. The geometry of the underlying Ω is studied with the same tools.
InteractE: Improving Convolution-based Knowledge Graph Embeddings by Increasing Feature Interactions

Most existing knowledge graphs suffer from incompleteness, which can be alleviated by inferring missing links based on known facts. One popular way to accomplish this is to generate low-dimensional embeddings of entities and relations, and use these to make inferences. ConvE, a recently proposed approach, applies convolutional filters on 2D reshapings of entity and relation embeddings in order to capture rich interactions between their components. However, the number of interactions that ConvE can capture is limited. In this paper, we analyze how increasing the number of these interactions affects link prediction performance, and utilize our observations to propose InteractE. InteractE is based on three key ideas -- feature permutation, a novel feature reshaping, and circular convolution. Through extensive experiments, we find that InteractE outperforms state-of-the-art convolutional link prediction baselines on FB15k-237. Further, InteractE achieves an MRR score that is 9%, 7.5%, and 23% better than ConvE on the FB15k-237, WN18RR and YAGO3-10 datasets respectively. The results validate our central hypothesis -- that increasing feature interaction is beneficial to link prediction performance. We make the source code of InteractE available to encourage reproducible research.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology In Vivo Disruption of an Rb – E 2 F – Ezh 2 Signaling Loop Causes Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is a highly prevalent human disease in which retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway inactivation and epigenetic alterations are common events. However, the connection between these two processes is still poorly understood. Here, we show that the in vivo inactivation of all Rb family genes in the mouse urothelium is sufficient to initiate bladder cancer development. The characterization of the mouse tumors revealed multiple molecular features of human bladder cancer, including the activation of E2F transcription factor and subsequent Ezh2 expression and the activation of several signaling pathways previously identified as highly relevant in urothelial tumors. These mice represent a genetically defined model for human high-grade superficial bladder cancer. Whole transcriptional characterizations of mouse and human bladder tumors revealed a significant overlap and confirmed the predominant role for Ezh2 in the downregulation of gene expression programs. Importantly, the increased tumor recurrence and progression in human patients with superficial bladder cancer is associated with increased E2F and Ezh2 expression and Ezh2-mediated gene expression repression. Collectively, our studies provide a genetically defined model for human high-grade superficial bladder cancer and demonstrate the existence of an Rb–E2F–Ezh2 axis in bladder whose disruption can promote tumor development. Cancer Res; 74(22); 6565–77. 2014 AACR.
Human Resources Development and Challenges Faced During Transition in Developing Economies

The paper intends to enlighten the challenges of human resources development, faced by post conflict counties that are passing the transition phase from closed to open economies. The study has been developed through an extensive literature survey of Kosovo’s organizations to determine the most common challenges that are being faced through the transition stage. Further, the purpose of this paper is to explore the standing and challenges of human resources development by Kosovo’s organizations. As enlighten by literature review, many challenges may be overcome by different methods and forms that modern (developed) economies are implementing, such as government intervention, vocational and education, social awareness, and also changes within organizations themselves, are the vital aspects that affect human resources and its development. As the era of global economy is reaching all European countries, Kosovo must prepare its human resources potential to face and to be able to overcome new challenges that will be faced, when going global. To be able to unleash the full potential of human capital in Kosovo, the HRM initiative needs to be undertaken, such as its educational system, enhancement of training and development activities, in particularly in management, development, and foremost creating new knowledge based on information and communication technology.
Women ’ s attitude towards routine HPA-screening in pregnancy Running headline : Attitude towards HPA-screening in Pregnancy

Introduction: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a potentially lifethreatening disease with excellent preventative treatment available for subsequent pregnancies. In order to prevent index cases, the effectiveness of a population-based screening program has been suggested repeatedly. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate women’s attitude towards possible future human platelet antigen (HPA)-screening in pregnancy. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Material and methods: We performed a cross-sectional questionnaire study amongst healthy pregnant women receiving prenatal care in one of seven participating midwifery practices. Attitude was assessed using a questionnaire based on the validated Multidimensional Measurement of Informed Choice model, containing questions assessing knowledge, attitude and intention to participate. Results: A total of 143 of the 220 women (65%) completed and returned the questionnaire. A positive attitude towards HPA-screening was expressed by 91% of participants, of which 94% was based on sufficient knowledge. Attitude was more likely to be negatively influenced by the opinion that screening can be frightening. Informed choices were made in 87% and occurred significantly less in women from non-European origin, 89% in European women vs. 60% in non-European women (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Pregnant women in the Netherlands expressed a positive attitude towards HPA-screening in pregnancy. We therefore expect a high rate of informed uptake when HPA-screening is implemented. In future counselling on HPA-screening, ethnicity and possible anxiety associated with screening test need to be specifically addressed.
Mathematics Achievement Comparing the Contribution of Teacher Versus Tutor Ratings of Inattentive Behavior in Predicting

The purpose of this study was to assess the relative contribution of teacher and tutor ratings of inattentive behavior in two different instructional settings in predicting students’ performance on fraction concepts and whole-number calculations. Classroom teachers rated each student’s attentive behavior in a whole-class setting and tutors rated each student’s attentive behavior in an intensive small-group setting. The sample was 131 fourth-grade students identified as at risk for developing mathematics difficulties (MD) and randomly assigned to fraction tutoring. Teachers and tutors rated each student’s inattentive behavior in the 10th week of the 12-week intervention period. On average, tutors rated students as more attentive than teachers. Also, tutor ratings had greater predictive power than teacher ratings on fraction concepts, but neither set of ratings uniquely predicted performance on whole-number calculations. Possible explanations for findings and directions for future research are discussed.
Title Bistability in a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron with a passive dendrite Permalink

We examine the influence of dendritic load on the firing dynamics of a spatially extended leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron that explicitly includes spiking dynamics. We obtain an exact analytical solution for this model and use it to derive a return map that completely captures the dynamics of the system. Using the map, we find that dendritic properties can significantly change the firing dynamics of the system. Under certain conditions, the addition of the dendrite can change the LIF model from type 1 excitability to type 2 excitability and induce bistability between periodic firing and the quiescent state. We identify the mechanism that causes the periodic behavior in the bistable regime as somatodendritic ping-pong. Furthermore, we use the return map to fully explore the model parameter space in order to find regions where this bistable behavior occurs. We then give physical interpretations of the dependence of the bistable behavior on model parameters. Finally, we demonstrate that the simpler two-compartment model displays qualitatively similar dynamics to the more complicated ball-and-stick model.