Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“[…] Non urbs, tamen urbibus ipsa major.” The Image of The Hague in the Dutch Literature and Art of the 17th and 18th Century

Abstract Although in the early-modern period The Hague was not officially a city, its identity was based on specifically urban features. During the 17th and 18th century, its ambiguous status was explored by the authors of verse urban encomia and prose descriptiones urbium. In this article, the presentation of The Hague will be first discussed on the example of Caspar Barlaeus’ Latin poem “Haga”, and Constantijn Huygens’ Dutch encomium “’s Gravenhage” from the Dorpen [Villages] cycle of epigrams. Then, the image of The Hague will be examined in the context of an allegorical representation by Jan Caspar Philips in Jacob de Riemer’s Beschryving van ‘s Graven-hage [Description of The Hague, 1730]. The concluding remarks address the question of how the transformation of the status of The Hague undertaken by these writers and artists may be understood in the context of the literary-historical geography of the Northern Renaissance which has been a special subject of research by Professor Andrzej Borowski.
Signature of Arctic surface ozone depletion events in the isotope anomaly ( Δ 17 O) of atmospheric nitrate

We report the first measurements of the oxygen isotope anomaly of atmospheric inorganic nitrate from the Arctic. Nitrate samples and complementary data were collected at Alert, Nunavut, Canada (82°30 ' N, 62°19 ' W) in spring 2004. Covering the polar sunrise period, characterized by the occurrence of severe boundary layer ozone depletion events (ODEs), our data show a significant correlation between the variations of atmospheric ozone (O 3 ) mixing ratios and Δ 17 O of nitrate (Δ 17 O(NO − 3 )). This relationship can be expressed as: Δ 17 O(NO − 3 )/‰, =(0.15±0.03)×O 3 /(nmol mol –1 )+(29.7±0.7), with R 2 =0.70(n=12), for Δ 17 O(NO − 3 ) ranging between 29 and 35 ‰. We derive mass-balance equations from chemical reactions operating in the Arctic boundary layer, that describe the evolution of Δ 17 O(NO − 3 ) as a function of the concentrations of reactive species and their isotopic characteristics. Changes in the relative importance of O 3 , RO 2 and BrO in the oxidation of NO during ODEs, and the large isotope anomalies of O 3 and BrO, are the driving force for the variability in the measured Δ 17 O(NO − 3 ) . BrONO 2 hydrolysis is found to be a dominant source of nitrate in the Arctic boundary layer, in agreement with recent modeling studies.
Influence of fiber hybridization on the dynamic mechanical properties of glass/ramie fiber-reinforced polyester composites

This study aims to evaluate the influence of fiber hybridization and frequency on the dynamic mechanical properties of ramie/glass hybrid fiber-reinforced polyester composites. The storage modulus (E′), loss modulus (E″) and damping behavior (tan δ) were evaluated as a function of different relative glass/ramie fiber volume ratios. For the storage modulus, the importance of the reinforcement effect above Tg was revealed. Also, the peak height, peak width at half-height and relaxation area were investigated for the loss modulus and tan δ curves, showing the influence of a shoulder below Tg for each case. Finally, the tan δ peak shifts to higher temperatures by increasing the frequency. Higher activation energy was observed for 75% glass fiber-containing composites.
A Research on the Generative Learning Model Supported by Context-Based Learning

This study is based on the generative learning model which involves context-based learning. Using the generative learning model, we taught the topic of Halogens. This topic is covered in the grade 10 chemistry curriculum using activities which are designed in accordance with the generative learning model supported by context-based learning. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of the activities on students‟ motivation towards context-based chemistry learning, their attitudes towards chemistry lessons and their level of success in understanding the halogen concepts that were taught. The sample of the study consisted of 60 grade 10 students in a high school in Ankara, Turkey. The study was conducted using a pretest – posttest design with a control group of 30 students and a treatment group of 30 students. The Context-Based Chemistry Motivation Scale, the Attitudes towards Chemistry Scale and the Halogens Achievement Test were used as data collection tools in the study. The study concluded that the context-based learning activities improved students‟ motivation in learning chemistry and their attitudes towards the chemistry course as well as increasing their achievement levels in the test.
The influence of water on the development of lattice preferred orientation in olivine aggregates

The calculation of the lattice preferred orientation of crystals in mantle flow has become a major step in the interpretation of the upper mantle seismic anisotropy. Available models for such calculations are based on experimental data obtained on dry crystal aggregates. Recent simple shear experiments showed that the presence of water may radically change the fabrics produced, which casts doubt on the validity of the models in water rich environments like subduction zones. Water may change both the mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization and the mechanical properties of the crystals. This paper illustrates how a change of the critical resolved shear stress of the slip systems is sufficient to reproduce the new experimental results. In contrast, no changes are necessary in the theory of dynamic recrystallization. For subduction zones, first order calculations predict that trench parallel flow rather than water is more likely to be responsible for the anisotropic signature.
Experimental study of thermal efficiency of a solar air heater with an irregularity element on absorber plate

Received: 27 September 2017 Accepted: 20 August 2018 The thermal performance of a solar air heater is presented with addition fins. In this work, we developed an experimental study on the thermal performance of a solar collector air with and without semi-cylindrical baffle. In trying to change the mass flow rates times for both configurations corresponding to tilt angle  = 37 °, it represented the optimum tilt angle of the city of Biskra. The essential parameters are measurements of the outlet, an inlet and an ambient temperature and covering according to the influence of the wind velocity. Experiments on a solar collector designed for this purpose, have determined the thermal efficiency of solar collector with and without semi-cylindrical baffle to different flow intervals to actually follow the evolution of the outlet temperature of the air. The results provide the best thermal efficiency for a solar collector flat plate with semi-cylindrical baffle is increased by 19% that of without baffle.
Role of Ionic Transport in the Electrochemical Activation of Water Solutions

The change in electrical conductivity of water solutions during electrochemical activation in a stationary diaphragm cell was studied. It is shown that the chemical composition of solutions and processing time have an important influence on the activation process. Method of operational control of the electrochemical activation process based on an analysis of the value of the current passing through the cell at a constant voltage on the electrodes was proposed.
Using Magnetostrictive Biosensors for Salmonella typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni Detection

ii Acknowledgments. iii List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii List of Abbreviations . x CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1. Background . 1 2. Purpose of Study . 2 3. Significance of Study . 3 CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 4 1. Salmonella. 4 2. Campylobacter . 5 3. Current Bacteria Detection Methods . 5 3.1 Conventional Plate Count Method . 5 3.2 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) . 7 3.3 Immunochemical Assay . 8
Mixtures of Empirical Copulas and Weighted Coefficients of Correlation

The population value of coefficients of correlation based on ranks depends only on the copula underlying the true distribution. We consider data sets that share the same dependence structure, but present different margins. For instance, data may be expressed in different currencies or measured by indices that cannot be compared across populations. A mixture of empirical copulas is built, yielding weighted coefficients of correlation. The consistency of the estimates and their asymptotic distributions are derived for scalar weights. We also consider the case where data-based weights detect adaptively the similarities between the copulas underlying each population, with the idea of making a compromise between bias and variance. Simulations are used to explore the finite sample behavior of these weighted methods.
DIFFERENCES IN TIME OF START REACTION IN THE SPRINT DISCIPLINES IN THE FINALS OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES (ATHENS, 2004 - LONDON, 2012)

In the sprint events a very important place take the start and start acceleration which is largely generated by the final score. Depending on the appropriate individual morphological dimension, especially motor and functional abilities of competitors, good possibility to implement these parameters is certain. However, despite the excellent results they achieve, differences in these two parameters are evident, which in terms of the final result has a certain effect. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the starting reaction of the finalists at the Olympic Games in Athena, 2004. , Beijing, 2008. , and London, 2012. The results from the finalists 144 (72 male and 72 women) participants were analysed that participated in the final races in the 100m, 200m and 400m. The evaluation of starting reaction time (ms) and results in a sprint (s) based on the reports that were officially published by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). In accordance with the results it can be concluded that no statistically significant differences in the time of start of the reaction between male and female finalists at the Beijing Olympics in the discipline of running 100m (t= -2.926*) in the discipline of running 400m at the Olympic Games in London (t= -2.728*). Between male finalists at the Olympics were also identified differences in the 100m and 400m events (p<0.01 and p<0.05), while the 200 is not. In the women's finalists were statistically significant differences in any discipline at the Olympics, at the level (p<0.01 and p<0.05).
Microbiological Characteristics of Raw Cow Milk in Beni Mellal Area (Morocco)

Although a great effort has been made in Morocco concerning the produced quantity of raw cow milk, its quality does not meet acceptable quality standards. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate the global milk quality in Moroccan dairy herds (hygienic and pathogenic parameters) and the perspectives on dairy development. For this, we evaluated the variations in the overall quality of raw milk: bacteriological and hygienic characterizations. Thus, samples of raw cow's milk produced in 10-12 farms were selected from different areas in Beni Mellal region. The investigation has concerned different cattle farms with different breeding procedures. Thus, microbiological characterization was evaluated in the samples analyzed for their standard plat count, total coliform and fecal coliform, yeast loads (L), molds (M) and some of pathogenic bacteria (staphylococcus, salmonella, listeria and clostridium). In general, the samples analyzed show a moderate to critical contamination of raw milk during different seasons in all microbial species analyzed, notably for fecal and total coliforms and total mesophilic aerobic flora (TMAF). As the microbiological quality of milk is critical to the health, organoleptic and technological qualities of milk, we assayed pathogenic bacteria and found a positivity only for staphylococcus aureus which exceeds the accepted limit. The most contaminated farms were those located essentially in the irrigated zones. The less contaminated ones belong to modern’s farms. It seems that transportation, milking and pre-storage conditions as well as climate constitute the main basic relevant factors for heavy bacterial contamination Taken together these variations reflect essentially differences in practical breeding. When the period effect is investigated, differences between hot periods and cold-warm periods are present for the parameters mentioned above. These results indicate the non-respect of good hygiene practices as well as breeding practices.
Fiscal policy in Central and Eastern Europe with real time data: cyclicality, inertia and the role of EU accession

This article evaluates the cyclicality, inertia and effect of EU accession on fiscal policy in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) using a real time dataset. Budget balances are found to react in a stabilizing way to economic activity – every extra percentage point of economic growth is associated with an improvement in the budget balance of 0.3 percentage points of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) – and there is no evidence of an asymmetric reaction to the cycle. Balances are much less inert than is typically found in Western Europe. However, there is clear evidence of a fiscal loosening in the run-up to EU accession. This began in 1999 in larger central European countries, often identified as ‘front-runners’. The other seven began loosening in 2001, after the Nice Treaty was agreed. For both sets of countries, this loosening cumulatively amounts to some 3% of GDP.
Entomotoxicant Potential of Some Medicinal Plant Against Ephestia cautella Infesting Cocoa Bean in Storage

The entomotoxicant action of five different medicinal plant oils extracted with different solvents tested against Ephestia cautella infestation was conducted under laboratory condition. The ethanolic and petroleum ether extract of the botanicals were made using soxhlet apparatus. The oils were tested against the insect at 0.5 and 1.0ml dosages and each treatments were replicated three times. The ethanolic oil extract of M. tennuifolia was only the extract that acheived 100% moth mortality and its effect was significantly (p<0.05) different from all other extracts. However, petroleum ether increased the effect of the other extracts on the survival of the moth as reflected by their LD50. Regardless of the solvent used, all the oils reduced the hatchability of the egg of the insect while adult emergence of the insect was prevented by all the oil extracts except 0.5ml dosage of C. frutescens and A. occidentale. Since ethanolic extract of M. tennuifolia appeared most effective against the adult moth, it could be recommended for immediate control of E. cautella infestation while other extracts could be used as protectant.
Diffuse steep-spectrum sources from the 74 MHz VLSS survey

Context. Galaxy clusters grow by a sequence of mergers with other clusters and galaxy groups. During these mergers, shocks and/or turbulence are created within the intracluster medium (ICM). In this process, particles could be accelerated to highly relativistic energies. The synchrotron radiation from these particles is observed in the form of radio relics and halos that are generally characterized by a steep radio spectral index. Shocks can also revive fossil radio plasma from a previous episode of AGN activity, creating a socalled radio “phoenix”. Here we present multi-frequency radio observations of diffuse steep-spectrum radio sources selected from the 74 MHz VLSS survey. Previous Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations showed that some of these sources had filamentary and elongated morphologies, which are expected for radio relics. Aims. We attempt to understand the nature of diffuse steep-spectrum radio sources and characterize their spectral index and polarization properties. Methods. We carried out radio continuum observations at 325 MHz with the GMRT. Observations with the Very Large Array (VLA) and Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) were taken at 1.4 GHz in full polarization mode. Optical images around the radio sources were taken with the William Herschel and Isaac Newton Telescope (WHT, INT). Results. Most of the sources in our sample consist of old radio plasma from AGNs located in small galaxy clusters. The sources can be classified as AGN relics or radio phoenices. The spectral indices across most of the radio sources display large variations. Conclusions. We conclude that diffuse steep-spectrum radio sources are not only found in massive X-ray luminous galaxy clusters but also in smaller systems. Future low-frequency surveys will uncover large numbers of steep-spectrum radio relics related to previous episodes of AGN activity.
Purity temperature dependency for coupled harmonic oscillator

We consider the thermal aspect of a system composed of two coupled harmonic oscillators and study the corresponding purity. We initially consider a situation where the system is brought to a canonical thermal equilibrium with a heat-bath at temperature T. We adopt the path integral approach and introduce the evolution operator to calculate the density matrix and subsequently the reduced matrix density. It is used to explicitly determine the purity in terms of different physical quantities and therefore study some limiting cases related to temperature as well as other parameters. Different numerical results are reported and discussed in terms of the involved parameters of our system.
Residual Mean Circulation and Temperature Changes during the Evolution of Stratospheric Sudden Warming Revealed in MERRA

Abstract. Residual mean circulation and temperature changes during the evolution of major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) are investigated by composite analyses of 22 SSW events from 1979 to 2012 during the Northern Hemisphere winter (November–March) using four reanalysis data sets (MERRA, ERA-Interim, NCEP-NCAR, and JRA-55). The SSW events are classified as Type-1 or Type-2 based on the relative amplitude of planetary waves with zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2. The residual mean circulation induced by each forcing term in the Transformed Eulerian mean (TEM) momentum equation and the temperature advection associated with the circulation are calculated for both types of SSW, based on the generalized downward control principle using the MERRA data set. When ‘Lag = 0’ is defined as the day on which the wind reversal occurred at 60° N and 10 hPa, strong poleward and downward motion exists at Lag = −8 and Lag = −1 for Type-1 and at Lag = −3 for Type-2, which is induced primarily by the Eliassen–Palm flux divergence forcing (EPD). The poleward and downward motion is stronger for Type-2 than for Type-1. Gravity wave drag (GWD) produces a smaller contribution to the residual circulation than EPD. During the warming phase (at Lag = −2), strong temperature advection by the EPD induces primarily polar stratospheric warming. On the other hand, during the temperature recovery phase (at Lag = p2), anomalous negative temperature advection and diabatic cooling produce negative temperature tendency anomalies. Structures in the temperature tendency and temperature advection calculated using the MERRA data set are similar to those calculated using the ERA-Interim data set.
Grain Filling and Dry Matter Translocation Responses to Source-Sink Modifications in a Historical Series of Durum Wheat

To understand yield limitations imposed by the source–sink relationship and the effects that breeding had on it, the source–sink ratio was modifi ed on 24 durum wheat cultivars released in different periods. Field experiments were conducted during 3 yr, with treatments consisting of removing the fl ag-leaf blade, degraining half of the spike, and intact checks. Grains from near-basal spikelets tended to be the most sensitive to source–sink modifi cations. Degraining increased grain weight up to 15% in modern cultivars, which were more source limited and more responsive to source–sink modifi cations than the old ones. Our results suggest a source–sink colimitation for grain fi lling in Mediterranean environments. Translocation of preanthesis assimilates was responsible for 25, 27, and 33% of grain weight in old, intermediate, and modern cultivars, respectively. Defoliation did not alter dry matter translocation (DMT) from the main stem, as the reduction in translocation of leaf blades was compensated with translocation increases from the chaff. Sink demand determined DMT that was mostly regulated by the stem. Our results indicate that future yield improvements may be achieved by strengthening the source capacity.
Comparison of growth, digestive system maturation and skeletal development in sea bass larvae reared in an intensive or a mesocosm system

The quality of development in intensive or mesocosm hatchery-reared Dicentrarchus labrax larvae was investigated using physiological indicators assessing ontogeny. Larvae were reared in intensive (120 L tanks) and in mesocosm systems (20 m(3) enclosures) with the same feeding sequence, excluding the wild zooplankton naturally available in mesocosms. Faster growth was recorded since early development [16 day after hatching (DAH)] in the mesocosm. Maturation of the digestive system also occurred earlier as indicated by the higher amylase secretion ratios, the intestinal maturation index (alkaline phosphatase/leucine-alanine peptidase and aminopeptidase-N/leucine-alanine peptidase ratios) and the more developed intestinal epithelium at 23 DAH. Nevertheless, the delay in digestive maturation in the intensive system seemed retrieved within few days. In both the groups, the number of vertebrae ranged between 24 and 26, with the dominant class being 25 vertebrae. However, the distributions differed between treatments for meristic characteristics, ossification stages and incidence of malformation types. Loss of a vertebra was more frequent in the intensive system, while the appearance of an additional vertebra was more frequent in the mesocosm. Ossification at 37 DAH was also more advanced in the mesocosm in addition to a lesser rate and severity of skeletal malformations. It is suggested that the early nutritional contribution of mesocosm wild zooplankton, yet at densities of 0.2-0.7 prey mL(-1), had key effects on larvae development since the early stages.
Novel synthesis of metal complexes of palmitoyl thioureas and their antimicrobial activities

Novel Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of N-(diethylamin-4-ylcarbonothioyl)palmitamide [HL1] and N-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonothioyl)palmitamide [HL2] have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-VIS, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes were isolated as four coordinated ML2 and six coordinated ML2(H2O)2 molecules respectively. The ligands coordinated as monoanions after deprotonation. In vitro screening of HL1, HL2 and their metal complexes against some bacteria and yeasts revealed that the complexes showed better antimicrobial property than the organic molecules. Keywords : Palmitoyl thioureas, synthesis, metal complexes, antimicrobial studies