Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethical decision-making and moral distress in nursing practice : a literature review

Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu Tampere University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in Nursing KULMALA, JASMIN: Ethical Decision-Making and Moral Distress in Nursing Practice A Literature Review Bachelor’s thesis 39 pages, appendices 6 pages November 2016 The objective of the bachelor’s thesis was to explore the connection between moral distress and ethical decision-making in nursing practice and how the phenomenon can be reduced among nursing practitioners. The ultimate goal was to offer up-to-date information about ethical decision-making and moral distress for nurses to comprehend ethical issues and the connection with moral distress better. The method of the bachelor’s thesis was a literature review which was conducted by using systematic methods. All the articles were peer-reviewed and from academic journals. In the literature review process five articles were chosen for analysis. Four of the articles were using qualitative study methods and one was made in quantitative settings. The articles were further scrutinised by means of critical appraisal. From the articles six main themes were found when exploring the connection between ethical decision-making and moral distress. For reducing moral distress, four themes were selected from the articles. Found themes are presented in matrixes and explained in text. In conclusion the moral distress is an existing phenomenon in nursing practice. Moral distress arises in various ethical decision-making situations and causes mainly negative emotions among nursing personnel. For reducing moral distress there are many possibly functional methods that can be conducted by the health care administration level. Even though the literature review was conducted with nurses in the main role, the implications are usable in other professions in the health care area too.
Hypertension Amongst the Diabetic Patients Assessing Care in A Primary Care Setting in South-Eastern , Nigeria

Introduction: The increasing scourge in hypertension and its complications are attributed to the effect of globalization and the rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus amongst other factors. This study is therefore set to determine the prevalence of hypertension amongst the diabetic cohort in a primary care setting in Nigeria. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study done between January and March, 2017. A total of 300 diabetic patients aged 20 years and above were randomly recruited into the study by the use of pre-tested and a well-structured questionnaire. The Fasting blood glucose, Random blood glucose and blood pressure (BP) were determined and recorded. Results: The prevalence of hypertension amongst diabetics was 44%. The mean systolic and diastolic BPs were 152.32 ± 25.08 mmHg and 92.08 ± 12.01 mmHg respectively. The relationship between the duration of diabetes and the prevalence of hypertension was statistically significant (p-value=0.04) Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension and duration of diabetes reported in this study were high. Early detection of diabetes is very essential at reducing the scourge of hypertension amongst the diabetic cohort.
Green tea moisturizer improves skin hydration in elderly

BACKGROUND Dry skin is a major skin health problem in elderly. Green tea, which has an antioxidant effect, has recently been used as an active ingredient in moisturizing creams; yet the effect has not been well studied. This study compares the skin hydration effect of green tea and vitamin E moisturizer among elderly. METHODS This quasi-experimental study involved 60 elderly living in Tresna Werda Budi Mulia 4 Social Institution, Jakarta. Using the Runve HL 611 skin analyzer, skin capacitance was measured prior to experiment and every following week during the 5-week application of green tea and vitamin E skin moisturizer on both forearms. The consecutive measurement data was analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equation to compare the relative changes in skin hydration between the two moisturizer groups over 5 weeks of intervention. RESULTS The green tea moisturizer showed more significant increases in skin hydration level than the vitamin E moisturizer at all measurement sites on right arm and proximal left arm (p= 0.021), and medial and distal left arm (p= 0.034). Skin hydration levels significantly changed over time at proximal (p=0.021), medial (p=0.006) and distal (p=0.006) right arm, and medial left arm (p=0.021). A parallel trend of skin hydration improvements for both moisturizer groups indicated no correlation between the moisturizer type and the duration of usage (p >0.05) in all measurement locations. No side effects were observed during application period in both groups. CONCLUSION Routine use of moisturizer containing green tea may improve skin hydration in elderly.
A new species of Chrysosphaerella (Chrysophyceae: Chromulinales), Chrysosphaerella rotundata sp. nov. , from Finland

Chrysosphaerella rotundata sp. nov. is described from a small lake in Finland. Ultrastructural morphology of C. rotundata scales is similar, even identical, to the morphology of C. brevispina scales. However, C. rotundata possesses three types of scales: scales characterized by a circular or almost circular outline were found in addition to the larger and smaller oval scales. Significant genetic differences were recognized in ITS rDNA sequences between C. rotundata and C. brevispina . Results of the molecular analyses and the observed morphological variation of scales have been discussed, clearly showing the existence of a hidden diversity within the genus Chrysosphaerella.
pH dependence of sorption of Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ and Cr 3+ on crude water and sodium chloride extracts of Moringa stenopetala and Moringa oleifera,/i>

The ability of crude water and sodium chloride extracts of partially defatted powder of Moringa stenopetala (MS) and Moringa oleifera (MO) to remove heavy metals (Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and Cr3+) from single ion solution was investigated. At initial metal concentration of about 4 ppm, the extracts showed complete sorption for Cd2+, Zn2+ and Cr3+ ions at pH above 7.8, 4.0 and 4.0, respectively, at a dose of 1.0 ml of sorbent in 9.50 ml of metal solution. Cu2+ sorption increases slightly with pH to about 60% for MS at pH 6 and then becomes constant up to pH 8 when sorption rises to completion. Preliminary characterization of the actual powder by proton nuclear magnetic resonance showed clear presence of amide (-CO-N-H), benzenoid (Ar-H), saturated alkyl and unsaturated fragments in both MS and MO. The mass spectrum showed the presence of amino (R-NH2) fragments. The remarkable heavy metal sorption ability of M. stenopetala and M. oleifera could thus be attributable to, among other mechanisms, coordination or complex formation between the metal cations and pH dependent oxygen and nitrogen anionic sites of the Moringa proteins.
Semantic relations and compound transparency: A regression study in CARIN theory

According to the carin theory of Gagne & Shoben (1997), conceptual relations play an important role in compound interpretation. This study develops three measures gauging the role of conceptual relations, and pits these measures against measures based on latent semantic analysis (Landauer & Dumais, 1997). The carin measures successfully predict response latencies in a familiarity categorization task, in a semantic transparency task, and in visual lexical decision. Of the measures based on latent semantic analysis, only a measure orthogonal to the conceptual relations, which instead gauges the extent to which the concepts for the compound’s head and the compound itself are discriminated, also reached significance. Results further indicate that in tasks requiring careful assesment of the meaning of the compound, general knowledge of conceptual relations plays a central role, whereas in the lexical decision task, attention shifts to co-activated meanings and the specifics of the conceptual relations realized in the compound’s modifier family.
Intra- and inter-specific competition in Rhizobium fredii and Bradyrhizobium japonicum as indigenous and introduced organisms

We studied the competition between Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Rhizobium fredii isolates for nodulation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) cultivars Williams and Ai Jiao Zao grown in three different soils in pots. Two of the soils were from People's Republic of China, one from a soybean field in Honghu with no history of Rhizobium inoculation, and one from a rice field in Wuhan with no history of soybean cultivation. The Honghu soil contained B. japonicum and R. fredii (log total number g−1 = 5.82 ± 0.58); whereas the Wuhan soil only contained B. japonicum (log total number g−1 = 2.80 ± 0.52). Inoculation did not result in a significant increase in nodule number on plants in either soil. Uninoculated plants of both cultivars harbored only R. fredii in the Honghu soil and only B. japonicum in the Wuhan soil. Even when B. japonicum were inoculated into the Honghu soil, R. fredii occupied the majority of the nodules on both cultivars. In the Wuhan soil, B. japonicum serogroups USDA110 and USDA136b (= CB180.
Factors Associated with Mortality among Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis MDR/RR-TB Patients in Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Tuberculosis remains a very common infectious disease in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The resistance to drugs worsens the prognosis and the outcome of patients affected tuberculosis and increase their mortality. Objective: To identify factors associated with death among Multidrugs resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR TB) patients referred to the referential hospital, Centre d’Excellence Damien (CEDA). Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients attending health care to the Center CEDA, a referral center for management of MDR/RR-TB in DR Congo. This study included all MDR/RR-TB patients referred from February 1st, 2015 to February 29th, 2017. A multivariate COX regression was performed to identify factors associated with mortality in the target population. Kaplan Meier method described the survival of patients and the comparison of curves was performed by the test of log Rank. Results: 199 patients were included in our study. Male gender was predominant with a sex ratio of 1.3. The mean age of patients was 35.8 ± 13.9 years. Among them, 18 (15.1%) were died. The major complications were Chronicles pulmonary Heart failure (p = 0.035), Chronic respiratory insufficiency (p = 0.004), depression (p = 0.044), undernutrition (p = 0.033), alcohol addiction (p = 0.006) and high smoking (p = 0.019). In multivariated analysis, factors associated to the death were alcohol addiction (HRa = 12.64, 95% CI 2.36 - 14.55, p = 0.003), asthenia (HRa = 4.75, 95% CI 1.56 - 14.50, p < 0.001), pulmonary consolidation (HRa = 10.01 95% CI 2.34 - 12.86, p = 0.02), some chest X-ray abnormalities such as signs of pulmonary fibrosis (HR = 4.7, 95% CI 2.78 - 28.94, p = 0.002) and the Chronic respiratory insufficiency (HRa = 3.77, 95% CI 1.37 - 10.43, p = 0.010). Conclusion: The present retrospective cohort study revealed that structural and functional pulmonary alteration emerged as the main factors associated with mortality among MDR/RR TB patients in Kinshasa. National Tuberculosis Programs should take into account those parameters while defining mortality reduction strategy.
Freeze‐Casting of Porous Ceramics: A Review of Current Achievements and Issues

Freeze‐casting, the templating of porous structures by the solidification of a solvent, have seen a great deal of efforts during the last few years. Of particular interest are the unique structure and properties exhibited by porous freeze‐casted ceramics, which opened new opportunities in the field of cellular ceramics. The objective of this review is to provide a first understanding of the process as of today, with particular attention being paid on the underlying principles of the structure formation mechanisms and the influence of processing parameters on the structure. This analysis highlights the current limits of both the understanding and the control of the process. A few perspectives are given, with regards of the current achievements, interests and identified issues.
The velocity field under breaking waves: coherent structures and turbulence

Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) measurements of the velocity field under breaking waves in the laboratory are presented. The region of turbulent fluid directly generated by breaking is too large to be imaged in one video frame and so an ensemble-averaged representation of the flow is built up from a mosaic of image frames. It is found that breaking generates at least one coherent vortex that slowly propagates downstream at a speed consistent with the velocity induced by its image in the free surface. Both the kinetic energy of the flow and the vorticity decay approximately as t−1. The Reynolds stress of the turbulence also decays as t−1 and is, within the accuracy of the measurements, everywhere negative, consistent with downward transport of streamwise momentum. Estimates of the mometum flux from waves to currents based on the measurements of the Reynolds stress are consistent with earlier estimates. The implications of the measurements for breaking in the field are discussed. Based on geometrical optics and wave action conservation, we suggest that the presence of the breaking-induced vortex provides an explanation for the suppression of short waves by breaking. Finally, in Appendices, estimates of the majority of the terms in the turbulent kinetic energy budget are presented at an early stage in the evolution of the turbulence, and comparisons with independent acoustical measurements of breaking are presented.
Factors Influencing Ego-resilience in Nursing Students

The objective of this study was to examine the variables influencing the ego-resilience of female university students majoring in nursing. Data were collected from 109 nursing students during the period from March to June 2013, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analyses using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. Ego-resilience showed a statistically significant, positive correlation with internal health locus of control (r = .303, p = 0.001), one of the sub-domains of health locus of control. Self-esteem (t = -5.508, p < 0.001) and internal health locus of control (t = 2.995, p = 0.003) affected ego-resilience and explained 24.9% of the variance (F = 7.736, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that if nursing students’ internal locus of control and ego-resilience are maximized, it will enhance their health-related knowledge and be helpful in adjusting to school life through controlling and overcoming stress in their environment. Thus, nursing students’ teachers need to provide positive feedback and encouragement to maximize students’ disposition toward an internal locus of control, and students should make an effort to enhance their self-esteem by cultivating an optimistic attitude, positive emotional experiences, and selfconfidence.
Hedonic Pricing of Cloud Computing Services

Cloud service providers (CSP) and cloud consumers often need to forecast the cloud price to optimize their business strategy. However, pricing of cloud services is a challenging task due to its services complexity and dynamic nature of the ever-changing environment. Moreover, the cloud pricing based on consumers’ willingness to pay (W2P) becomes even more challenging due to the subjectiveness of consumers’ experiences and implicit values of some non-marketable features, such as burstable CPU, dedicated server, and cloud data center global footprints. Unfortunately, many existing pricing models often cannot support value-based pricing. In this paper, we propose a novel solution based on value-based pricing, which does not only consider how much does the service cost (or intrinsic values) to a CSP but also how much a customer is willing to pay (or extrinsic values) for the service. We demonstrate that the cloud extrinsic values would not only become one of the competitive advantages for CSPs to lead the cloud market but also increase the profit margin. Our approach is often referred to as a hedonic pricing model. We show that our model can capture the value of non-marketable features. This value is about 43.4 percent on average above the baseline, which is often ignored by many traditional cloud pricing models. We also show that Average Annual Growth Rate (AAGR) of Amazon Web Services’ (AWS) is about -20.0 percent per annum between 2008 and 2017, ceteris paribus. In comparison with Moore's law (-50 percent per annum), it is at a far slower pace. We argue this value is Moore's law equivalent in the cloud. The primary goal of this research is to provide a less biased pricing model for cloud decision makers to develop their optimizing investment strategy.
Evaluating digital terrain indices for soil wetness mapping – a Swedish case study

Trafficking wet soils within and near stream and lake buffers can cause soil disturbances, i.e. rutting and compaction. This – in turn – can lead to increased surface flow, thereby facilitating the leaking of unwanted substances into downstream environments. Wet soils in mires, near streams and lakes have particularly low bearing capacity and are therefore more susceptible to rutting. It is therefore important to model and map the extent of these areas and associated wetness variations. This can now be done with adequate reliability using a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). In this article, we report on several digital terrain indices to predict soil wetness by wet-area locations. We varied the resolution of these indices to test what scale produces the best possible wet-areas mapping conformance. We found that topographic wetness index ( T WI ) and the newly developed cartographic depth-to-water index ( D TW ) were the best soil wetness predictors. While the T WI derivations were sensitive to scale, the D TW derivations were not and were therefore numerically robust. Since the D TW derivations vary by the area threshold for setting stream flow initiation, we found that the optimal threshold values for permanently wet areas varied by landform within the Krycklan watershed, e.g. 1–2 ha for till-derived landforms versus 8–16 ha for a coarse-textured alluvial floodplain.
Countercyclical Taxation and Price Dispersion

In this paper, we explore the benefits from a supply-side oriented fiscal tax policy within the framework of a New Keynesian DSGE model. We show that countercyclical tax rules, which are contingent on the observed welfare gap or alternatively on the markup shock and levied on value added, reduce remarkably the inverse impact of cost push shocks. We state that the tax rule establishes a path for the evolution of marginal cost at the firm level that largely prevents built up of price dispersion. We highlight that this tax policy is also effective under a balancedbudget regime. Hence, fiscal policy can disencumber monetary policy in the light of cost push shocks.
Psycho-Cultural Variables Predicting Attitude of Students' Towards HIV Counselling and Testing in Selected Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State, Nigeria

The aim of the present study was to assess attitude of young people (n=287, mean=20.5 years) towards testing for HIV/AIDS. The participants completed a standard socio-demographic questionnaire, indicating sexual behaviour, cultural beliefs and practices, attitude to HCT, and knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 alpha level were used to analyze the data. The study indicates that most participants have poor knowledge of HCT centres in their communities, but had a fairly high knowledge level of HIV. The findings of this study include that there is a significant difference in the disposition to HCT between respondents who have experienced sexual intercourse and those who have not (t = 3.866, df = 285: p<0.05) and between male and female respondents (t = 4.775, df = 285; p< 0.05). The study also shows that knowledge of HIV/AIDS was the strongest predictor of attitude of young people towards HCT ( = 0.547; t = 3.458 p<0.05), closely followed by cultural practices ( = 0.324; t = 2.740 p<0.05) while sexual behaviour was not a strong predictor ( = 0.041; t = 0.543 p>0.05). The present study challenged the adequacy of reproductive health knowledge available to Nigerian students and based on the findings in this study, it was recommended that young people should be sufficiently enlightened and counselled on the imperative of HIV counselling and testing. Keywords: HIV counselling and testing (HCT), young people, attitude, knowledge of HIV/AIDS
LEXTALE_CH: A quick, character-based proficiency test for Mandarin Chinese

Given the growing interest within linguistics in how bilinguals, and second language (L2) learners more generally, process their L2 (e.g., Talamas et al., 1999; Prior et al., 2007), there has long been a need among language researchers for reliable and valid measures of L2 proficiency. Much of the research on L2 processing within experimental psychology (e.g., Arêas Da Luz Fontes & Schwartz, 2010; Leonard et al., 2010) has relied on questionnaire tools to provide the primary, or sometimes sole, source of data on L2 proficiency. Such questionnaires typically measure proficiency by asking participants for a subjective self-assessment of their own language ability, operationalized in terms of an overall rating and/or ratings by skill (i.e., listening, speaking, reading, writing). However, there are a number of problems with subjective assessments that limit their utility in experimental research. For one, even within one well-defined population (e.g., adult learners of the same L1 background acquiring the same L2 under the same learning conditions), learners at the same proficiency level may perceive their language abilities differently, leading to variation in self-assessments that does not reflect actual proficiency differences. Different studies also use different rating scales, such that proficiency measures are often not directly comparable across studies. Furthermore, the evidence for the external validity of self-assessments as measures of proficiency is relatively weak (Lemmon & Goggin, 1989; Delgado et al., 1999). Thus, despite the fact that questionnaire-based methods of proficiency measurement are relatively simple and easy to administer, there has continued to be a need for reliable and valid methods of measuring proficiency—in particular, methods which can evaluate L2 proficiency as quickly and easily as a questionnaire. In the case of L2 English, Lemhöfer and Broersma (2012) proposed an objective alternative to subjective self-assessments, a vocabularybased test called LexTALE (Lexical Test for Advanced Learners of English). LexTALE was designed as a standard and efficient tool for evaluating the English proficiency of L2 learners within a short amount of time (5–10 minutes). The test requires participants to identify the lexical status (i.e., real