Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational analysis in vivo p53 binding sites in the context of chromatin and repeat regions

The p53 tumor suppressor protein is involved in multiple central cellular processes and human cancer occurrences. A research effort is proposed to collect the majority of p53 ChIP fragments up to now and reveal the binding pattern of p53 binding sites. It demonstrates that the normal and cancer cell lines have significantly different chromatin organizations around P53 binding sites. Based on the high occurrences, the core binding sites can be collected to analyze gene expression configurations. Depending on the accessibility of p53 sites and epigenetic marks in the chromatin context, p53 binds to its target sites in repetitive regions. Finally, the functional annotation analysis illustrates that the most enriched pathway of p53 ChIP fragments is p53 signaling pathway and highly enriched clusters relating to apoptosis, DNA damage and cellular signaling are modulated by p53.
Characterizing spectral continuity in SDSS u'g'r'i'z' asteroid photometry

Context. The 4th release of the SDSS Moving Object Catalog (SDSSMOC) is presently the largest photometric dataset of asteroids. Up to this point, the release of large asteroid datasets has always been followed by a redefinition of asteroid taxonomy. In the years that followed the release of the first SDSSMOC, several classification schemes using its data were proposed, all using the taxonomic classes from previous taxonomies. However, no successful attempt has been made to derive a new taxonomic system directly from the SDSS dataset. Aims. The scope of the work is to propose a different interpretation scheme for gauging u0g0r0i0z0 asteroid observations based on the continuity of spectral features. The scheme is integrated into previous taxonomic labeling, but is not dependent on them. Methods. We analyzed the behavior of asteroid sampling through principal components analysis to understand the role of uncertainties in the SDSSMOC. We identified that asteroids in this space follow two separate linear trends using reflectances in the visible, which is characteristic of their spectrophotometric features. Results. Introducing taxonomic classes, we are able to interpret both trends as representative of featured and featureless spectra. The evolution within the trend is connected mainly to the band depth for featured asteroids and to the spectral slope for featureless ones. We defined a different taxonomic system that allowed us to only classify asteroids by two labels. Conclusions. We have classified 69% of all SDSSMOC sample, which is a robustness higher than reached by previous SDSS classifications. Furthermore, as an example, we present the behavior of asteroid (5129) Groom, whose taxonomic labeling changes according to one of the trends owing to phase reddening. Now, such behavior can be characterized by the variation of one single parameter, its position in the trend.
Application of the Stochastic Moran Model of Population Genetics to Understanding the Timing of a Driver Mutation in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)

Abstract We hypothesize that the GCSFR mutants introduce into those pathways changes that will lead to impaired differentiation and enhanced survival based on single cell behaviors as modulated by noise in intracellular proximal signaling and distal gene regulatory networks. We will show that GCSFR truncation mutants become fixed in the granulocyte progenitor population because of an incremental growth advantage. We will also show by modeling and experimentation that these GCSFR mutations alter the signaling pathways to further perturb growth, impair differentiation, and enhance survival.
Do Managers Manipulate Earnings Prior to Management Buyouts?

To address the question as to whether managers intending to purchase their company by means of a levered buyout transaction manipulate earnings in order to buy their firm on the cheap, we study the different types of earnings management prior to the transaction: accrual management, real earnings management, and asset reserves revaluation. To identify the management engagement incentives, we contrast earnings management in management buyouts (MBOs) with that in (i) institutional buyouts (IBOs) and (ii) non-buyout firms. We find: (i) strong negative earnings management via both accrual and real earnings activities in MBOs supporting the above management engagement incentive, (ii) modest negative accrual management and insignificant real earnings manipulation in IBOs, and (iii) positive earnings management in non-buyout firms. Asset revaluation in MBOs is not a frequently used channel. We do not find evidence that a high external borrowing need in the levered transactions mitigates the downward earnings manipulation in MBOs. The implementation of the revised UK Corporate Governance Code of 2003 has somewhat reduced the degree of both accrual earnings and real earnings management in MBOs, but increased the relative use of real earnings management as this may be harder to detect.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PROTEIN ON GROWfH PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF MAJOR CARPS

The present study was conducted to measure the growth in terms of weight and length of different species of fish and to determine the proximate composition of fish at the final harvest. The effect of supplementation of three protein mixtures containing 40, 45 and 50% crude protein was determined. The results showed significant differences among weights of fishes raised under different crude protein levels of supplemental mixtures. The three fish species showed the best growth of fish in control group, which was comparatively better than with other two levels of crude protein. Body moisture and crude protein contents of fishes given mixtures containing 40% crude protein level remained the highest. However, fat content was highest in control. There existed inverse relationship between protein and fat contents of fish while direct relationship was found between body moisture and crude protein contents.
Mating behavior and sexual selection in a polygamous beetle

Mating behavior and sexual selection in relation to morphometric traits in a polygamous beetle, Glenea cantor (F.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), were investigated. Upon encounter, a male approached a female, mounted her, grasped her terminal abdomen with his hind tarsi, and attempted to mate. Successful mating lasted about 3.5 h. Although all traits measured in females and half of traits in males were significantly correlated with mating success, the primary selection on virgin females was the genital trait, the bursa copulatrix length, and that on males was the body length and hind tarsal length. Longer bursa copulatrix accommodated a larger ejaculate, suggesting that this female trait benefits the male that first mates with the female in terms of in- creasing ejaculate size to beat subsequent males in sperm competition. Under a female-biased sex ratio, more than 20% of mat- ings failed within 20s after the male genitalia had been inserted into hers, suggesting that males assess genital features of the fe- male before insemination and undertake cryptic male mate choice. Larger males were more capable of grasping females and achieving mating. During the premating struggle the male almost always used his hind tarsi to lift the female terminal abdomen to the position for his genitalia to insert, and as a result, males with longer hind tarsi achieved higher mating success (Current Zoolo- gy 59 (2): 257−264, 2013).
Is the Leverage Effect Caused by Leverage

Asymmetric equity volatility is crucial for many financial applications and has in the last few decades become a focus and an important research area in empirical studies. The term leverage effect refers to the observed relationship between returns and volatility. The volatility is known to increase when the market and the stock prices experience a fall. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is based on financial leverage, where a fall in the market value of a firm’s equity makes a firm more levered, resulting in an increase in the stock return volatility. The main objective in this study is to examine if the leverage effect hypothesis can explain the asymmetric volatility of stocks on the Norwegian stock exchange. Linear regressions have been performed in the empirical tests, where stock returns, market returns and changes in leverage are the explanatory variables. The study has used three different volatility estimators to account for robustness in the analysis. The main assumption in this empirical research is that the measured leverage is calculated from the book values of debt and not from the market value of debt. The findings determine that asymmetric equity volatility exists on the Norwegian stock exchange. The magnitude of the leverage effect is substantially higher when the stock prices are declining and when the market is experiencing a downfall. The results show that market returns has the highest significance level and the greatest explanatory power, which implies that market returns have a bigger impact on volatility than individual stock returns. Since market returns is the dominant variable when determining asymmetric volatility and the fact that leverage effect diminishes over time, it is clear that the leverage effect is not only caused by leverage. The results suggests that the leverage effect hypothesis is mainly a down market effect, since the effect is much stronger when the market is falling.
Population ecology of endangered white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes s. str.) in a small rhithral river in Germany

Sound knowledge on distribution and ecology of imperiled species is an essential prerequisite for effective conservation planning. Here, we report the distribution and autecological traits of a newly discovered population of critically-endangered white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes s. str.) in a small river in southwestern Germany. Using an established crayfish survey protocol, we detected white-clawed crayfish in a river stretch of 4.5 km, with an estimated abundance of 1.4 ± 0.2 indiv. ·m-2 . The sex ratio was even and sexual maturity was attained at approximately 25 mm carapace length (CL ). Life-history traits, as assessed using Von Bertalanffy’s growth function, indicate a life history most similar to populations in France, with longevity, asymptotic size, and growth performance index being higher in males than in females (11 y, 46 mm CL , and 2.8 and 9 y, 41 mm CL , and 2.7, for males and females, respectively). Estimated fecundity ranged from 9 to 135 eggs·female-1 (mean: 90 ± 28). White-clawed crayfish were also found in lower reaches of small tributary streams, of which one also featured endangered stone crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium ). A syntopic occurrence of both species was recorded for the first time within a short stretch. Implications for species conservation are discussed.
Analysis of elliptical waveguides by the method of fundamental solutions

The present work describes the application of the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) for the solution of cutoff wavelengths of elliptical waveguides. Since the MFS employs a formulation using boundary values only, the cutoff wavelengths are determined by applying the singular value decomposition (SVD) technique. The use of the MFS to solve the governing (Helmholtz) equation guarantees a solution without singularities, since it does not use discretized points to determine the solution at the interior of the computational domain. The combination of the MFS and SVD techniques has resulted in a simpler and efficient numerical solution procedure, as compared to other schemes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 552–558, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20695
Deflection and frequency monitoring of the Forth Road Bridge, Scotland, by GPS

The use of carrier phase kinematic GPS (global positioning system) has evolved into a reliable technique to measure both the three-dimensional magnitudes and frequencies of movements of structures. Techniques have been developed that tackle errors caused by multipath, tropospheric delay and issues relating to satellite geometry. GPS-derived movements compare well with data from both design predictions and structural models. Results from field trials carried out on the Forth Road Bridge are presented. This paper brings together key results that outline the procedure as well as a series of new data that indicate other potential applications. GPS data were collected continuously over a period of 46 h at a minimum rate of 10 Hz. During the trials wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity and temperature were also recorded. Frequently there was very heavy traffic flow, and at one point a special load (a 100-t lorry) passed over simultaneously to the heavy daytime flow of traffic. Data from a planned load trial during a brief bridge closure are reported and compared with the limited results available from a finite element model. Measured vibration frequencies are also computed from GPS data and compared with those given in the literature. In addition, results indicating the change in structural characteristics are also presented – in particular changes of mass associated with changes in traffic loading are observed. The results show the performance of GPS as it has developed in recent years, and that it can now reliably be used as a significant part of structural health monitoring schemes, giving both the magnitude of quasi-static deflections in known time periods and hence the frequency of dynamic movements of structures.
Measuring Trends in Income Variability

Using PSID data from 1968 to 2005, we find that the volatility of family income has increased over time (a trend that is robust to a large variety of modeling choices) but the trend in individual income volatility is less clear. Measurement error cannot fully account for these facts, but the increasing covariance of individual incomes within the family (driven by increases in the correlation of head and spouse earnings, due largely to the increased proportion of families with two earners) can.
Characteristics of carcass and tissues in pigs of Turopolje breed and crossbreds TCSL

Some carcass traits and muscle fiber characteristics of m. Longissimus dorsi (MLD) in pigs of Turopolje breed (T) and crossbreds TCSL were analyzed. The hogs T (n = 19, 568 ± 20 days) and TCSL (n = 10, 575 ± 27 days) were progenies of the same boar, T3HB, and sows of Turopolje breed and crossbred CSL (♂C Hypor line × ♀SL, Swedish Landrace). All pigs were reared and fattened in the outdoor system, according to traditional Croatian technology of low input. Live (LW) and carcass weight (CW) and some carcass traits and chemical composition of muscle and fat tissues were analyzed. In the carcass, the lean percentage (L%) was calculated on the basis of back fat thickness (BF) and MLD thickness, according to “two point” method (CRO, Regulation, NN 85/05). The samples of MLD from the left side at the 13/14 th rib level were taken after slaughtering (5 min.) and frozen in liquid nitrogen until histo-morphological analysis (diameter of slow twitch oxidative, SO; fast twitch glycolytic, FG; and fast twitch oxidative, FOG fiber types). After chilling carcass (24 h, at + 4 oC), the samples of MLD and the belonging back fat were taken from the same place for analysis of chemical composition (water W, protein P, lipid L, ash A). According to the estimated results the pigs of Turopolje breed and TCSL significantly differed as follows: LW (95.31 and 117.10 kg), CW (77.11 and 97.50 kg), BF (31.68 and 28.00 mm), MLD dept (50.16 and 60.10 mm), L (45.25 and 47.69%), SO (33.69 and 44.24 µm), and FG (38.48 and 47.60 µm). The chemical content of muscle and fat tissues was not significantly different between investigated pigs.
The effect of smart school programs on EFL reading comprehension in an academic context

The present study investigated the impact of Smart Schools Programs on the learners' reading comprehension ability in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) context. In so doing, the study utilized an experimental design with 64 participants in the control group and 60 participants in the experimental group who were students of junior high school grade one in Mashhad. The results of a pretest indicated that the participants of the two groups were homogenous with regard to their proficiency level. In addition to the main course book, the experimental group was exposed to Smart School software program, smart board, Power Point Presentation (P.P.P.), and World Wide Web (Internet) but in control group the main course book was just taught through traditional chalk and board instruction. Moreover, after the interval of three weeks a delayed post-test was administered to check the participants’ recall rate of reading knowledge by the two groups. The results of the post-test indicated that Smart Schools Programs have a positive and significant influence on learners’ reading comprehension ability. Moreover, in the delayed post-test, experimental group showed significantly higher scores than the traditional group.
Mennen Plate Fixation For The Treatment Of Periprosthetic Fracture Of The Humeral Shaft: A Case Report

We report the case of a patient with a periprosthetic humeral fracture five months after Neer shoulder hemiarthroplasty was performed as a consequence of a four-part fracture of the proximal right humerus. The fracture had been initially treated with a plaster splint. However, two months later, no signs of bony union were present. For this reason the operative option was employed. In this sense, the Mennen plate was considered because of the difficulty in obtaining a proper fracture fixation with plate and screws or with plate and multiple cerclage wires or cables. The result obtained with this fixation system was satisfactory.
Worker productivity and ventilation rate in a call center: Analyses of time-series data for a group of workers

In previous studies, increased ventilation rates and reduced indoor carbon dioxide concentrations have been associated with improvements in health at work and increased performance in work-related tasks. Very few studies have assessed whether ventilation rates influence performance of real work. This paper describes part one of a two-part analysis from a productivity study performed in a call center operated by a health maintenance organization. Outside air ventilation rates were manipulated, indoor air temperatures, humidities, and carbon dioxide concentrations were monitored, and worker performance data for advice nurses, with 30-minute resolution, were analyzed via multivariate linear regression to look for an association of performance with building ventilation rate, or with indoor carbon dioxide concentration (which is related to ventilation rate per worker). Results suggest that the effect of ventilation rate on worker performance in this call center was very small (probably less than 1%) or nil, over most of the range of ventilation rate experienced during the study (roughly 12 L s{sup -1} to 48 L s{sup -1} per person). However, there is some evidence suggesting performance improvements of 2% or more when the ventilation rate per person is very high, as indicated by indoor CO{sub 2} concentrations exceeding outdoor concentrations by less than 75 ppm.
Is there a relationship between occult celiac disease and functional dyspepsia

This is a study to answer the question: Is there a relationship between occult celiac disease and functional dyspepsia? The study was carried out on 400 dyspeptic patients. Upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) endoscopy was done for all patients and those with non-functional dyspepsia were excluded from the study. Duodenal biopsies with histopathological examination according to the Marsh-Oberhuber criteria were done. Serum tissue transglutaminase IgA antibody (anti-tTG-IgA) was done for patients with histopathological findings suggestive to have celiac disease (subtotal and total villous atrophy). 172 patients with endoscopic findings explaining their dyspeptic symptoms were excluded. Only patients with functional dyspepsia were enrolled in this study (228 patients). Bloating was the most common symptom (46.5%). Normal villous pattern was found in 199 cases (87.2%). Villous atrophy was found in 29 patients, subtotal atrophy in 20 cases (8.7%) and total atrophy in 9 cases (3.9%). Age group of 14-20 years (20/29, 90.9% patients) with villous atrophy was reported to have statistically significant difference (P value =0.000). Serum anti-tTG-IgA level was measured in all cases of abnormal villous pattern. Nine patients (3.9%) were proved to have a celiac disease (total villous atrophy and high serum anti-tTG-IgA) and fourteen dyspeptic patients (6.1%) had subtotal villous atrophy with high anti-tTG-IgA level could be diagnosed as occult celiac disease. Occult celiac disease should be suspected among patients with functional dyspepsia complaining of bloating, especially in age 14 to 20. Subtotal villous atrophy and high anti-tTG-IgA could be considered as occult celiac disease. Key words: Celiac disease, endoscopy, duodenal biopsy, functional dyspepsia.
The Effect of Fiscal Policy on Economic Development in Jordan

This research aims to examine the effect of the fiscal policy on economic development in Jordan during the time period (1989-2013), a mathematical model has been designed to measure this effect on economic development in Jordan. The researcher found that there is a statistically positive significant effect of the current expenses and annual tax revenues on economic development in Jordan, and at the same time there is a statistically negative significant effect of the capital expenditures on economic development in Jordan. The empirical results show that the elements of fiscal policy considered in this study are important variables in explaining economic development in Jordan, and the joint effect of the fiscal policy elements (annual tax revenues, current expenditures and capital expenditures) on economic development is statistically significant. In sum, current expenditures, when compared to taxes, yield greater per capita income results. The fiscal adjustments based on capital expenditures cuts accompanied by efficiency in tax revenues collection have been considered as one of the successful forms of policy for increasing per capita income and promoting economic development simultaneously.
The Hamiltonian in Covariant Theory of Gravitation

In the framework of covariant theory of gravitation the Euler-Lagrange equations are written and equations of motion are determined by using the Lagrange function, in the case of small test particle and in the case of continuously distributed matter. From the Lagrangian transition to the Hamiltonian was done, which is expressed through three-dimensional generalized momentum in explicit form, and also is defined by the 4-velocity, scalar potentials and strengths of gravitational and electromagnetic fields, taking into account the metric. The definition of generalized 4-velocity, and the description of its application to the principle of least action and to Hamiltonian is done. The existence of a 4-vector of the Hamiltonian is assumed and the problem of mass is investigated. To characterize the properties of mass we introduce three different masses, one of which is connected with the rest energy, another is the observed mass, and the third mass is determined without taking into account the energy of macroscopic fields. It is shown that the action function has the physical meaning of the function describing the change of such intrinsic properties as the rate of proper time and rate of rise of phase angle in periodic processes. Key words: Euler-Lagrange equations; Lagrangian; Hamiltonian; Generalized momentum; Generalized 4-velocity; Equations of motion