Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Brief Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations: A 6-Month Follow-up Study

Abstract The current study investigated the effectiveness of a group cognitive behavioral therapy for auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), the Voices Group. This consists of seven specific sessions. Forty-one participants with schizophrenic or schizoaffective disorders completed a battery of questionnaires. The severity of psychiatric symptoms, beliefs about voices, quality of life, self-esteem, clinical global impression, and functioning were assessed at baseline, before and after intervention, and at the 6-month follow-up. After intervention, there was a statistically significant reduction in the severity of AVHs. This result remained stable at follow-up. The dropout rate was high. Some differences were found in subjective experience of AVHs between the patients who completed the intervention and those who dropped out. Altogether, these findings suggest that a brief intervention has some positive benefits in patients struggling with voices, which remain stable over time.
Measured Thermal Dynamics of the Haystack Radome and HUSIR Antenna

In 2010 the Haystack 37 meter reflector was replaced with a new antenna. This work presents measurements of the spatial and temporal thermal behavior of the antenna and its radome under diurnal and seasonal forcing. Values for thermal capacity and resistance of the antenna structure and radome are derived. The convective heat transfer coefficient acting on the aluminum antenna backstructure is found to be 2 to 5 W/m<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{2}$</tex> </formula>-K for all instrumented member geometries. Modeling with a simple lumped-thermal-element representation is presented, which accurately matches observed temperatures. The heat and ventilation equipment and controls are demonstrated to be sufficient to keep modeled antenna gain reductions due to thermally-induced distortions <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${<}0.4$</tex> </formula> dB more than 90% of the time during heating season. Gain reductions during summer will be dominated by vertical stratification of air in the radome, which is shown to be associated with daylight hours and outside temperature <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${>}15^{\circ}$</tex></formula>C.
Understanding Economic Inequality Through the Lens of Caste

Research on economic inequality has largely focused on understanding the relationship between organizations and inequality but has paid limited attention to the role of institutions in the creation and maintenance of inequality. In this article, we use insights from the caste system—an institution that perpetuates socio-economic inequalities and limits human functions—to elaborate on three elements of economic inequality: uneven dispersions in resource endowments, uneven access to productive resources and opportunities , and uneven rewards to resource contributions . We argue that economic inequalities persist because these three different elements of inequality feed from and reinforce each other. Our study underscores the potential of the caste lens to inform research on economic inequality as well as organizational theory and practice.
Hand preference and skilled hand performance among individuals with successful rightward conversions of the writing hand

Searleman and Porac (2001) studied lateral preference patterns among successfully switched left-hand writers, left-hand writers with no switch pressure history, and left-hand writers who did not switch when pressured. They concluded that left-handers who successfully shift to right-hand writing are following an inherent right-sided lateralisation pattern that they already possess. Searleman and Porac suggested that the neural mechanisms that control lateralisation in the successfully switched individuals are systematically different from those of other groups of left-handers. I examined patterns of skilled and less-skilled hand preference and skilled hand performance in a sample of 394 adults (ages 18–94 years). The sample contained successfully switched left-hand writers, left-handers pressured to shift who remained left-hand writers, left-handers who did not experience shift pressures, and right-handers. Both skilled hand preference and skilled hand performance were shifted towards the right side in successfully switched left-hand writers. This group also displayed mixed patterns of hand preference and skilled hand performance in that they were not as right-sided as “natural” right-handers nor were they as left-sided as the two left-hand writing groups, which did not differ from each other. The experience of being pressured to switch to right-hand writing was not sufficient to shift lateralisation patterns; the pressures must be experienced in the context of an underlying neural control mechanism that is amenable to change as a result of these external influences.
Infliximab treatment influences the serological expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and ‐9 in Crohn's disease

Background Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are actively involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). We assessed the effect of the anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐&agr; (TNF‐&agr;) monoclonal antibody infliximab on the in vitro and in vivo expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in CD. Methods Infliximab‐treated fistulizing (n = 10) or active disease (n = 7) CD patients, from an in‐house study, and fistulizing CD patients (n = 42) and active CD patients (n = 24) from 2 placebo controlled studies were evaluated for serum MMP levels and clinical response. Biopsies were evaluated immunohistochemically for the MMPs. Whole blood cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/infliximab were evaluated for MMP mRNA and protein levels. Results Serum MMP‐2 levels in CD patients increased during follow‐up, similarly in responders and nonresponders, by infliximab. Immunohistochemistry showed no clear MMP‐2 change in biopsies. Serum MMP‐9 levels, however, showed a consistent pattern of decrease in most CD patients, particularly in those responding, and MMP‐9‐positive polymorphonuclear leukocytes in biopsies also decreased by infliximab. LPS stimulation of whole blood increased the MMP‐9 levels in plasma significantly in CD patients and controls, but infliximab had no effect on the secretion. Long‐term LPS stimulation raised leukocyte MMP‐9 mRNA levels 16‐fold and infliximab inhibited this induction by 80%. Conclusions Infliximab treatment increases MMP‐2 and decreases MMP‐9 in serum of patients with CD, the latter also in the intestine, which extends and confirms our previous ex vivo explants observations. However, these changes were not strictly associated with the response to treatment. The enhanced leukocyte MMP‐9 expression in CD seems to be regulated by TNF‐&agr;. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007)
Prenatal SSRI exposure: Effects on later child development

The aim of this review is to integrate research on the pharmacological mechanisms of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and the following effects on fetal brain development and child cognitive function seen in children with prenatal exposure to SSRIs. As antidepressants are transferred from the mother to the fetus through the placenta, the fetus is vulnerable to alterations in neurotransmission and possibly altered neural functioning. Because of this risk, pregnant women suffering from depression are often advised to discontinue their use of antidepressants during pregnancy. Though, maternal untreated depression may also have negative consequences for the fetus and child after birth. In the present review, we find a distinction between studies of early versus late development. Studies on early cognitive development indicate no negative effects, while studies on later development report some cognitive difficulties and behavioral problems, indicating latent effects of exposure. However, the reviewed studies are not all converging, and it is not clear whether and to what extent prenatal SSRI exposure affects cognitive development.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Upregulates NLRC5 and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression through RIG-I Induction in Airway Epithelial Cells

ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory tract viral infection in infants, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. The host antiviral response to RSV acts via retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). We show here that RSV infection upregulates major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression through the induction of NLRC5, a NOD-like, CARD domain-containing intracellular protein that has recently been identified as a class I MHC transactivator (CITA). RSV infection of A549 cells promotes upregulation of NLRC5 via beta interferon (IFN-β) production, since the NLRC5-inducing activity in a conditioned medium from RSV-infected A549 cells was removed by antibody to IFN-β, but not by antibody to IFN-γ. RSV infection resulted in RIG-I upregulation and induction of NLRC5 and MHC-I. Suppression of RIG-I induction significantly blocked NLRC5, as well as MHC-I, upregulation and diminished IRF3 activation. Importantly, Vero cells deficient in interferon production still upregulated MHC-I following introduction of the RSV genome by infection or transfection, further supporting a key role for RIG-I. A model is therefore proposed in which the host upregulates MHC-I expression during RSV infection directly via the induction of RIG-I and NLRC5 expression. Since elevated expression of MHC-I molecules can sensitize host cells to T lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity or immunopathologic damage, the results have significant implications for the modification of immunity in RSV disease. IMPORTANCE Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children worldwide. Infection early in life is linked to persistent wheezing and allergic asthma in later life, possibly related to upregulation of major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) on the cell surface, which facilitates cytotoxic T cell activation and antiviral immunity. Here, we show that RSV infection of lung epithelial cells induces expression of RIG-I, resulting in induction of a class I MHC transactivator, NLRC5, and subsequent upregulation of MHC-I. Suppression of RIG-I induction blocked RSV-induced NLRC5 expression and MHC-I upregulation. Increased MHC-I expression may exacerbate the RSV disease condition due to immunopathologic damage, linking the innate immune response to RSV disease.
PRR3 Is a Vascular Regulator of TOC1 Stability in the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock[W][OA]

The pseudoresponse regulators (PRRs) participate in the progression of the circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana. The founding member of the family, TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1 (TOC1), is an essential component of the transcriptional network that constitutes the core mechanism of the circadian oscillator. Recent data suggest a role in circadian regulation for all five members of the PRR family; however, the molecular function of TOC1 or any other PRRs remains unknown. In this work, we present evidence for the involvement of PRR3 in the regulation of TOC1 protein stability. PRR3 was temporally coexpressed with TOC1 under different photoperiods, yet its tissue expression was only partially overlapping with that of TOC1, as PRR3 appeared restricted to the vasculature. Decreased expression of PRR3 resulted in reduced levels of TOC1 protein, while overexpression of PRR3 caused an increase in the levels of TOC1, all without affecting the amount of TOC1 transcript. PRR3 was able to bind to TOC1 in yeast and in plants and to perturb TOC1 interaction with ZEITLUPE (ZTL), which targets TOC1 for proteasome-dependent degradation. Together, our results indicate that PRR3 might function to modulate TOC1 stability by hindering ZTL-dependent TOC1 degradation, suggesting the existence of local regulators of clock activity and adding to the growing importance of posttranslational regulation in the design of circadian timing mechanisms in plants.
Neuropathy in the brain‐in‐the‐gut

&NA; Awareness is increasing that autoimmune attack targeted to neuronal elements of the enteric nervous system may underlie irritable bowel‐like symptoms that progress to chronic pseudo‐obstruction. The inflammatory neuropathy disrupts the integrative functions of the brain‐in‐the‐gut, including reduction in the population of inhibitory motor neurons to the musculature. Extreme loss of inhibitory motor neurons is manifest as disinhibitory motor disease characterized by achalasia in smooth muscle sphincters and hyperactive, disorganized contractile behaviour of intestinal circular muscle which results in pseudoobstruction. Detection of anti‐enteric neuronal antibodies in the serum of patients with early symptoms of a functional gastrointestinal motility disorder may prove to be a useful diagnostic test for inflammatory enteric neuropathy. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 12:597‐600
Opportunities and Competition in Thick Labor Markets: Evidence from Plant Closures

Since Marshall (1890), it has been widely held in urban economic theory that cities ensure workers against the risk of unemployment by offering a larger pool of potential jobs. Using a large administrative panel data set on workers affected by firm closures, we examine whether positive effects from a higher urban job density are offset by more intense competition between workers. When controlling for the sorting of workers between regions, we find no evidence that the number of days workers spend in unemployment decreases with local job density. Instead, longer unemployment periods in cities are partly driven by more intense competition for available jobs
Association of antibodies to exocrine pancreas with subtypes of Crohn’s disease

Objectives The Vienna classification of Crohn’s disease (CD) subdivides patients according to their age at diagnosis, disease location, and disease behaviour. This study tested whether antibodies against exocrine pancreatic tissue (PAbs) are associated with Vienna classification subtypes of CD. Methods PAbs were examined by indirect immunofluorescence in sera of patients with CD (n = 208), or ulcerative colitis (n = 47), and in normal controls (n = 50). Presence of PAbs was compared to the Vienna classification, disease activity, and drug therapy. Results PAbs were present in 60 CD patients (28.8%), but in no patient with ulcerative colitis or in controls (P< 0.001). There was no significant association between PAbs and disease activity, or drug therapy. Complete classification into Vienna subtypes was possible in 168 patients. There was significant heterogeneity in PAb prevalence in these CD subtypes (P< 0.01). Variation was found in the behaviour category (B1, non-stricturing, non-penetrating CD: 14.0% PAb-positive; B2, stricturing CD: 41.7%; B3, penetrating CD: 31.5%; P = 0.02), but not age or location categories. PAbs were associated with long disease duration (P = 0.04). Conclusion This study confirms that PAbs are highly specific for CD. The small differences in their prevalence in CD subtypes do not suggest that PAb detection is useful in discrimination of CD phenotypes.
Stock Price Fluctuations and Productivity Growth

This paper studies the relationship between stock prices and fluctuations in TFP. We document a strong predictability of lagged stock price growth on future TFP growth at medium horizons. To explore the sources of this co-movement, we develop a one-sector real business model augmented to allow for (i) endogenous technology through R&D and adoption, and (ii) exogenous shocks to the risk premium. Model simulations produce predictability patterns quantitatively similar to the data. A version of the model with exogenous technology produces no predictability of TFP growth. Decomposing historical TFP, we show that the predictability uncovered in the data is fully driven by the endogenous component of TFP. This finding suggests that fluctuations in risk premia impact TFP growth through their effect on the speed of technology diffusion instead of responding to exogenous fluctuations in future TFP.
Bullied Out of Position: Black Women’s Complex Intersectionality, Workplace Bullying, and Resulting Career Disruption

abstract:Though the framers of the constitution penned a social contract providing liberty and justice for all, 240 years later, people originally excluded from this treatise struggle for inclusivity through amendments and legislation. Many women of color, religious minorities, and gender/sexual minorities experience how those in power frequently suppress and coerce marginalized populations. Those in an intersection of these demographic positions may feel increased oppression. Despite several constitutional amendments and federal legislation, I argue that a more contemporary abuse is workplace bullying that occurs when the dominant person exploits his or her position to denigrate people in marginalized positions. In higher education, vulnerable and marginalized populations typically work in the least powerful positions (Hollis, 2016a). Within Mithaug’s (1996) theoretical frame regarding self-determination, the sample reported their experiences in 2017–2018. Of a sample in which N = 669, 58% of all respondents reported being affected by workplace bullying. A chi-square analysis confirmed that as the intersectionality became more complex (female, black, religious minority, and gender/sexual orientation), the respondent was more likely to be affected by workplace bullying in higher education.
Rapid curbing of a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium outbreak in a nephrology department.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are recovered with increasing frequency among patients with chronic renal failure, making VRE a major concern in nephrology departments, especially for patients who are treated by hemodialysis. We report herein the successful aggressive management of a VRE outbreak in a nephrology department. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS An Enterococcus faecium vanB strain was isolated from a peritoneal dialysis solution from an inpatient. Immediately, infection control measures were enforced and active screening was performed for all contact patients. Carriers were isolated, and patients were divided into three cohorts: Positive, contact, and noncontact patients. We then performed a case-control study to understand risk factors for VRE carriage comparing VRE carriers with contact patients who were negative for VRE. RESULTS A total of 14 VRE-positive and 125 VRE-negative contact patients were identified. VRE-positive patients were more likely to receive hemodialysis and have longer hospital stays in nephrology. VRE-positive patients more often had a central venous catheter for a longer period of time and received more antibiotics than VRE-negative patients. Treatment with large-spectrum beta-lactams and number of days in the nephrology ward were significantly associated with a higher risk for VRE carriage by using multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that case mix, longer hospital stays, and antibiotic use are major risk factors for VRE acquisition. In addition, it demonstrates that strict enforcement of isolation precautions and cohorting associated with active screening are successful to curb the transmission of VRE in renal units despite continuous colonization pressure.
Radical formation in salts of pyrimidines III. Cytosine . H2O cyrstals.

The radicals produced by X-irradiation at 77 K and at 300 K in cytosine monohydrate crystals have been analysed by electron-spin-resonance (e.s.r.) spectroscopy. Three radicals have been identified at 77 K: the anion radical and the cation radical of the cytosine molecule, together with the radical resutling from H-abstraction from the nitrogen N1. Irradiation at 300 K produces radicals resulting from H-adition at three different positions of the cytosine molecule. These are the C5-addition radical, the C6-addition radical, and the O2-addition radical. The results are compared with those found previously by other authors.
Dietary Intake of Different Carbohydrates Among Incident Stroke Patients During Previous Year

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States. Numerous studies have shown that dietary carbohydrates play an important role in stroke incident. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between dietary intake of carbohydrate and its types and stroke incidence among Iranian adults. Methods: A case-control study was performed among 46 men (5618) and 23 women (527) admitted to the Al Zahra hospital with stroke and 60 healthy people were chosen in control group. Dietary intake was measured by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 168 items. Food processor software (version 2) was used to analyze data. Results: Anthropometric indices of male and female patients were (BMI: 297.5), (Waist: 11215) and (BMI: 25.53.5), (Waist: 925) respectively. Energy intake and carbohydrate consumption of patients in both genders was higher than the healthy subjects which was statistically significant among men (P < 0.05). Across different carbohydrate sources, refined carbohydrates consumption was higher among patients in both gender rather than the healthy subjects While, the healthy people had a higher whole grain consumption. Conclusions: High carbohydrate intake specially refined sources with high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) is associated with increased risk of stroke. Hence, dietary intake requires improvement to provide protection from life threatening outcomes.
Age‐related skeletal muscle mass loss and physical performance in Taiwan: Implications to diagnostic strategy of sarcopenia in Asia

Skeletal muscle loss is a common feature of aging, and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Although several indexes of skeletal muscle mass measurement have been developed, the most optimal index for sarcopenia diagnosis among Asian populations has remained unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and physical performance among community‐dwelling people in Taiwan.
The high frequency relationship: implications for torsadogenic hERG blockers

Ventricular arrhythmias induced by human ether‐a‐go‐go related gene (hERG; Kv11.1 channel) blockers are a consequence of alterations in ventricular repolarisation in association with high‐frequency (HF) oscillations, which act as a primary trigger; the autonomic nervous system plays a modulatory role. In the present study, we investigated the role of β1‐adrenoceptors in the HF relationship between magnitude of heart rate and QT interval changes within discrete 10 s intervals (sorted into 5 bpm heart rate increments) and its implications for torsadogenic hERG blockers.