Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliable screening for neuropsychological impairment in multiple sclerosis

In an earlier study, we developed the Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire (MSNQ) to assist in the screening for neuropsychological (NP) impairments. Self-report MSNQ scores correlated significantly with measures of depression, whereas informant-report MSNQ scores correlated with cognitive performance, but not depression. This study was criticized for use of a small sample and lack of data regarding normal performance and test -retest reliability. The present study was designed to replicate the earlier work with a larger sample of patients and normal controls obtained from multiple sites. We also evaluated the test -retest reliability and predictive validity of the MSNQ. The sample included 85 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 40 normal controls, matched on demographic variables. All participants completed the MSNQ and underwent NP testing. Thirty-four patients were re-examined at one week. Pearson and ANOVA techniques were utilized for univariate comparisons. Bayesian statistics were calculated to assess predictive validity. Patient self- and informant-report MSNQ scores differed from normal and test -retest reliability indices were high. Both self- and informant-reports were correlated with cognitive dysfunction and depression scales. Self-report MSNQ scores correlated more strongly with depression than cognitive performance, whereas the opposite pattern was observed with informant-report scores. Bayesian statistics showed that informant-report MSNQ scores predict cognitive impairment and patient self-report scores identify patients with cognitive impairment or depression. It is concluded that the MSNQ is useful, although patient self-reports may be exaggerated in depressed patients or reduced in patients with severe cognitive impairment.
Transforming Safety Committees to Improve Results

R. Scott Lawson, M.S., CSP, is director, EHS/Security for Exelis’s Electronic Systems and Aerostructures Division. He holds an M.S. in Occupational Safety and Health Management from Indiana State University and a B.S. in Engineering from Purdue University. He is a professional member of ASSE’s Anthony Wayne Chapter. IN BRIEF •Safety committees can be an effective tool for change if properly managed and led. •By incorporating several key elements into planning and organizing these teams, OSH professionals can help them produce better results. •Leading safety teams goes beyond good planning and organizing. It encompasses providing direction and ensuring that all members are on-board and support the safety program’s overall mission as well as the company’s strategic plan. Safety Management Peer-Reviewed
Influence of the pretreatment of occlusal pits and fissures on the retention of a fissure sealant.

PURPOSE To evaluate different regimens of enamel conditioning on the retention of a pit and fissure sealant. METHODS 100 extracted human molars were randomized into 10 experimental groups (n = 10). Conditioning of occlusal pits and fissures was performed with either 37% H3PO4, diamond bur and 37% H3PO4, Er:YAG laser, Er:YAG laser and 37% H3PO4, air abrasion (3 different settings), air abrasion (3 different settings) and subsequent acid etching with 37% H3PO4. 24 hours after placing a compomer-based sealant, the specimens were artificially aged by thermocycling (5/55 degrees C; x1000) and immersed in basic fuchsin dye for another 24 hours. After sectioning, dye penetration along the enamel-resin-interface was determined (% of the fissure depth). Data were statistically analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test. For qualitative investigations, two further specimens of each group were analyzed in the SEM. RESULTS Conventional acid etching resulted in significantly superior sealant retention than conditioning with either the Er:YAG laser or air abrasion (irrespective of particle size or air pressure). If mechanical conditioning of the laser or air abrasion was followed by acid-etching, results were statistically equal to the acid-etch only group.
Stock Option Grants to Target CEOs during Merger Negotiations

Many target CEOs receive unscheduled stock option awards during merger negotiations which become immediately exercisable when the acquisition is com pleted. We find an inverse association between the size of golden parachutes given to target CEOs and the prob ability that these executives receive unscheduled o ptions during merger negotiations. These unscheduled award s are also more likely to be issued when CEOs expec t large compensation losses if their firms are sold. Consis tent with option backdating, we find that (1) grant dates are systematically set to benefit CEOs, and (2) the gra nts’ post-issuance performance increases with the a wards’ reporting lag. After the Sarbanes-Oxley Act promulg ation, backdating episodes decline, but the exercis premiums target CEOs realize on unscheduled options exceed the takeover premiums their shareholders re ceive by over 25 percent. Our results indicate that the A ct has curtailed the targets’ ability to backdate s tock options, but not their ability to favorably time these awards. JEL classification: G30; G34; J33; K22
Financial Restructuring in Banking and Corporate Sector Crises: What Policies to Pursue?

We review the literature on resolving bank and corporate sector crises to identify government policies that affect the depth of a crisis and the ease and sustainability of recovery, and to analyze their fiscal cost. A consistent framework - including sufficient resources for loss-absorption and private agents facing the right framework of sticks and carrots - is the, although often missing key to successful bank and corporate restructuring. Sustainability of restructuring calls for deeper structural reforms, which often requires dealing with political economy factors up-front. Using data for 687 corporations from eight crisis countries, we find empirically that a package of specific resolution measures can help accelerate the recovery from a crisis. These policies, however, come with significant fiscal costs.
Structure of the C‐terminal laminin G‐like domain pair of the laminin α2 chain harbouring binding sites for α‐dystroglycan and heparin

The laminins are large heterotrimeric glycoproteins with fundamental roles in basement membrane architecture and function. The C‐terminus of the laminin α chain contains a tandem of five laminin G‐like (LG) domains. We report the 2.0 Å crystal structure of the laminin α2 LG4–LG5 domain pair, which harbours binding sites for heparin and the cell surface receptor α‐dystroglycan, and is 41% identical to the laminin α1 E3 fragment. LG4 and LG5 are arranged in a V‐shaped fashion related by a 110° rotation about an axis passing near the domain termini. An extended N‐terminal segment is disulfide bonded to LG5 and stabilizes the domain pair. Two calcium ions, one each in LG4 and LG5, are located 65 Å apart at the tips of the domains opposite the polypeptide termini. An extensive basic surface region between the calcium sites is proposed to bind α‐dystroglycan and heparin. The LG4–LG5 structure was used to construct a model of the laminin LG1–LG5 tandem and interpret missense mutations underlying protein S deficiency.
Superannuation Fund Governance: Trustee Policies and Practices

Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) as the national statistical agency for the Australian financial sector, has undertaken an extensive survey in 2006 into Australian superannuation fund governance. This paper provides a summary of the results of the governance survey, which found many similarities and differences in trustee policies and practices from various sectors of the industry.
The Cost to Health Plans of Poor Glycemic Control

OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that level of glycemic control is related to medical care costs in adults with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between glycemic control and medical care charges for 3,017 adults with diabetes who were continuously enrolled in a large health maintenance organization (HMO) over a 4-year period. Diagnosis of diabetes was ascertained from diagnostic and pharmaceutical databases using a method with an estimated sensitivity of 0.91 and an estimated specificity of 0.99. Charges for care included defined outpatient and inpatient services. Patients who disenrolled or who died during the 4-year period were excluded from the main analysis. RESULTS Charges for medical care for patients with diabetes from 1993 to 1995 were closely related to HbA1c level in 1992 before and after adjustment for age, sex, coronary heart disease, and hypertension. Standardized 3-year estimates of charges ranged from $10,439 for patients without comorbid conditions to $44,417 for those with heart disease and hypertension. Medical care charges increased significantly for every 1% increase above HbA1c of 7%. For a person with an HbA1c value of 6%, successive 1% increases in HbA1c resulted in cumulative increases in charges of ∼ 4, 10, 20, and 30%. The increase in charges accelerated as the HbA1c value increased. For patients with diabetes only, or with diabetes plus other chronic conditions, the rate of increase in charges with HbA1c was consistent. CONCLUSIONS HbA1c provides useful information to providers and patients regarding both health status and future medical care charges. Economic data suggest that clinicians should assign high importance to low HbA1c results and aggressively maintain the HbA1c status of patients who have low HbA1c values. For economic as well as clinical reasons, it may be beneficial to lower HbA1c when it is > 8% and to reduce cardiovascular risk factors. The medical charge data suggest that investment in clinical systems to improve diabetes care may benefit both payers and patients.
Analysis of venous access for therapeutic plasma exchange in patients with neurological disease

We retrospectively analyzed our 2‐year experience with venous access for 363 therapeutic plasma exchanges in 46 patients with neurological disease, including acute Guillain‐Barré syndrome (N = 20), myasthenia gravis (N = 17), and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (N = 9). Twenty‐three patients (50%) completed the planned course of therapy using only peripheral venous access, and 28 central venous catheters were placed in the remaining 23 patients. Patients utilizing central venous access did not undergo a greater number of procedures, but they were more likely to have acute Guillain‐Barré syndrome (P < 0.02) or to be hospitalized in a medical intensive care unit (P < 0.01). Three types of central catheters were used, and although our experience was predominantly with 1 type, differences were noted. Only 3% of procedures (3 of 96) done with a Quinton‐Mahurkar catheter were associated with a catheter failure, compared to 27% (4 of 15, P < 0.01) with a Hickman catheter and 67% (2 of 3) with a triple‐lumen catheter. Life‐threatening complications occurred with 3 of 28 (11%) central catheters. To optimize the success of therapeutic plasma exchange using central access, it is critical that hemapheresis personnel advise each patient's primary physician regarding the type of central venous catheter required. Currently, we recommend use of a Quinton‐Mahurkar or other dual‐lumen hemodialysis catheter. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On Spectrum Sensing Optimal Design in Spatial–Temporal Domain for Cognitive Radio Networks

A key issue in spectrum sensing design is the optimization of sensing time, namely, the sensing time that maximizes the transmission throughput achievable by cognitive users (CUs), while limiting the interference against the primary user (PU). In a mobile network scenario, this issue becomes more challenging than that associated with the traditional case (i.e., stationary scenario), since in addition to the temporal PU activity, the spatial effects due to the relative mobility between the PUs and CUs have to be also taken into account. In fact, the mobility can deeply influence the percentage of discovered spectral opportunities (that is, the spectrum holes that the CUs can exploit) and also affect the transmission throughput achievable by the CU. To account for the PU temporal activity as well as the mobility effects, optimization is performed jointly in temporal and spatial domains, namely, by considering the impact of sensing accuracy on the actual transmission throughput achievable by a CU. More specifically, a theoretical analysis is carried out for an arbitrary network mobility model to prove the existence of a single optimal sensing time that maximizes the mobility-aware sensing-enabled throughput achievable by a CU. Then, the theoretical analysis is validated through extensive simulations carried out by considering two widely adopted mobility models. The theoretical analysis together with the numerical analysis provide the guidelines for the spectrum sensing design, by showing how the optimal sensing time depends on the parameters characterizing the adopted mobility model, the PU temporal activity, and radio environments.
Differences in cerebral reperfusion and oxidative injury after cardiac arrest in pigs

Background: An investigation of the free radical scavenger sodium 2‐sulfophenyl‐N‐tert‐butyl nitrone (S‐PBN) and the weak vasodilatator Tris buffer mixture (TBM) on cerebral cortical blood flow (CCBF) and the jugular bulb concentration of two eicosanoids, indicators of oxidative stress and inflammation, was undertaken in 30 anaesthetized piglets during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).
Chemopreventive effects of honokiol on UVB-induced skin cancer development.

BACKGROUND Skin cancer is the most prevalent of all cancer types and its incidence is expected to increase substantially. Chemoprevention involves the administration of chemical agents to prevent initiation, promotion and/or progression that occurs during neoplastic development. Honokiol, a plant lignan isolated from bark and seed cones of Magnolia officinalis, has been shown to have chemopreventive effects on chemically induced skin cancer development. AIM The objective of this investigation was to study the chemopreventive effects of honokiol on UVB-induced skin tumor development in SKH-1 mice, a model relevant to humans, and to elucidate the possible role of apoptotic proteins involved in the prevention of skin tumor development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female SKH-1 mice were divided into two groups. Group 1 received acetone (0.2 ml, topical) and Group 2 received honokiol (30 microg in 0.2 ml acetone, topical) one hour before UVB treatment. Tumor initiation and promotion were carried out by UVB radiation (30 mJ/cm(2)/day), 5 days a week for 30 weeks. Tumor counts and mouse weights were taken weekly. RESULTS The honokiol-pretreated group exhibited a 45% reduction in tumor multiplicity as compared to the control group. Mechanistic studies showed the possible involvement of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and p53 activation (p<0.05) leading to the induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Pretreatment with honokiol, at concentrations in micrograms per application compared with milligram applications of other potential chemopreventive agents, prevents UVB-induced skin cancer development, possibly by activating proapoptotic proteins through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
An empirical investigation into supply chain management: a perspective on partnerships

States that we have witnessed, over the last several years, a profound change in understanding the dynamics of competitive advantage. Managers now acknowledge that a firm’s success is tied, in part, to the strength of its weakest supply chain partner. This paper develops the concept of supply chain management and argues that only through close collaborative linkages through the entire supply chain, can one fully achieve the benefits of cost reduction and revenue enhancing behaviors. Data are presented that look at a range of supply chain management practices and processes. By examining differences in practices and processes between buyers and sellers, along with the supply chain, attempts to understand better the challenges facing managers who espouse supply chain management. Also proposes a change in mind set for the traditional procurement manager and present insights for him/her to adapt to the requirements of the new competition.
Non Use of Academic Library Services: A Literature Review

Pressure on university librarians to provide justification for more funds has been quite high. This pressure is compounded by the ever increasing numbers of library non users. The literature review exposes the reasons for non use of university library services as well as practical remedies that may be applied to ensure services are all encompassing and appealing to all users. Literature reviewed is particularly focused on undergraduate students who are the largest stakeholders of any university library. The paper puts the future and relevance of library services into perspective challenging librarians to be sensitive to the needs of all users.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, MODAL KERJA DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS

Abstract: This research aims to examine the effect of capital structures, working capital, sales growth for profitability of the mining sectors listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period 2008-2012. The data used in this research collected sampling. Thee are 19 companies listed being the research sample. The data analysys technique used is multiple linier regressionanalys which has been examined by using classical assumption thought data normality, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity. The result of the test shows that capital structures variable has significant negative effect on profitability. The working capital variable does not effect on profitability. Variable sales growth has a positive effect on profitability. Keywords: profitability, capital structure, working capital and sales growth.
Addition of either irinotecan or methotrexate to bolus 5-fluorouracil and high-dose folinic acid every 2 weeks in advanced colorectal carcinoma: a randomised study by the Southern Italy Cooperative Oncology Group.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the activity and toxicity of the combination of irinotecan (IRI) plus folinic acid (FA)-modulated 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) i.v. bolus with a regimen of double modulation of 5-FU with methotrexate (MTX) and FA in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two-hundred and thirty-four patients were enrolled: 118 patients received IRI 200 mg/m2 (90-min i.v. infusion) on day 1, followed by levo-FA 250 mg/m2 (2-h i.v. infusion) and 5-FU 850 mg/m2 (i.v. bolus) on day 2 (IRIFAFU), and 116 patients received MTX 750 mg/m2 (2-h i.v. infusion) on day 1, followed by levo-FA 250 mg/m2 (2-h i.v. infusion) and FU 800 mg/m2 (i.v. bolus) on day 2 (MTXFAFU). Both cycles were repeated every 2 weeks until progression or to a maximum of 16 cycles. Response rate (RR) was the main end point of the study; responses were assessed every four cycles and confirmed after 2 additional months of treatment. RESULTS RR was significantly greater with IRIFAFU (36%) than with MTXFAFU (20%) (P <0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that IRIFAFU was significantly associated with a greater activity (P = 0.028). Median progression-free survival was longer with IRIFAFU than with MTXFAFU (7.2 months compared with 4.8 months; P = 0.048). Median survival time (MST) did not differ between the two arms (14.7 months compared with 14.8 months, respectively). Patients not receiving second-line chemotherapy, however, lived longer when treated in the first-line with IRIFAFU (MST 11.9 months compared with 6.4 months; P = 0.038). IRIFAFU caused a significantly greater occurrence of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (40% compared with 9%; P = 0.001) and diarrhoea (13% compared with 4%; P = 0.024), but a significantly lower incidence of stomatitis (3% compared with 12%; P = 0.007), than the comparative regimen. CONCLUSIONS IRIFAFU appeared comparable in terms of activity and toxicity with other weekly or biweekly bolus or infusional combination regimens. IRIFAFU, however, seems easier to administer, because it does not require infusional catheter or pump devices, and it is less expensive. It may represent a new option for treating advanced colorectal carcinoma.
ACTUAL MANAGEMENT OF PROFIT, VALUE, AND COST OF CAPITAL OF THE COMPANY

The ability to profit in the current and future periods reflect the performance of companies, is a major factor in determining the intrinsic value of the company. The purpose of this study is to determine the relation between real profit management and cost of capital of the company. We've developed a hypothesis of the research, applied research and scientific purposes, to find a logical answer to the above question. Then, to test the hypothesis, we attempted to determine the sample of the study population, ie companies listed on the Stock Exchange, in the period of 5 years, according to financial statements for the years 2009 to 2013. After obtaining sample regions, and collecting data, we calculate the variables tested, the software Excel, and finally, we analyze the data and test the hypotheses, the Pearson correlation and multiple regressions, using SPSS software. Earnings management is based on actual activity, the ability to manipulate, may affect the cost of capital. It was expected that, unusually high operating cash flow, cause, increase the cost of capital, and consequently, the reaction of the market. Real activities manipulation, reduces the quality of reported earnings, and leads to increased information asymmetry between managers and investors, and leads to the risk and therefore the cost of capital increases.
Corporate turnaround through effective supply chain management: the case of a leading jewellery manufacturer in India

Purpose – This paper aims to examine how creative industries can adopt supply chain management (SCM) approaches to achieve business excellence.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on case research of supply chain (SC) integration in a jewellery‐manufacturing organisation.Findings – Organisations in the creative industries such as jewellery can achieve superior performance through systematic supply chain planning and implementation. Integrating SC planning with business planning, persistent commitment of the top management and making use of cross‐functional teams for implementation are some of the key determinants of SCM.Research limitations/implications – The paper presents a basis for understanding the scope for adopting SCM approaches in creative industries. Future research may be directed to identify and evaluate the parameters of successful adoption of SCM approaches in other creative industries. The research has the generic limitation of generalisability. However, it provides an insight i.
The Disappearing Tax Base Is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Eroding Corporate Income Taxes?

This paper analyzes the link between FDI, corporate taxation, and corporate tax revenues. We find strong evidence that FDI in (out) flows are affected by tax regimes in the host (home) countries and FDI flows in turn affect the corporate tax base. Simulations of European Union (EU) harmonization (isolating the revenue effect of FDI on the tax base from direct effects through the rate harmonization) suggest that high (low) tax countries would gain (lose) revenue from harmonization; these effects may be substantial. Our results also suggest that EU tax harmonization would significantly affect the net FDI position of some countries.