Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust transitive singular sets for 3-flows are partially hyperbolic attractors or repellers

Inspired by Lorenz’ remarkable chaotic flow, we describe in this paper the structure of all C 1 robust transitive sets with singularities for flows on closed 3-manifolds: they are partially hyperbolic with volume-expanding central direction, and are either attractors or repellers. In particular, any C 1 robust attractor with singularities for flows on closed 3-manifolds always has an invariant foliation whose leaves are forward contracted by the flow, and has positive Lyapunov exponent at every orbit, showing that any C 1 robust attractor resembles a geometric Lorenz attractor.
Determinants of Relationship Continuity: A Mediational Study of Relationship Quality and Word of Mouth

Employees are claimed to be one the important strategic key asset of organization. In today's competitive world, departing of the skilled employees is immense dilemma for organizations especially at managerial level. Organizations not have only bear the cost of hiring and training of these mangers but also these managers act as intellectual capital as they possess knowledge and information of the key strategic areas. This study attempts to study the factors such as self-efficacy, work environment and workplace bullying behavior which governs the psychological patterns of employees in an organization. This paper studied behavioral factors of employees not only proves to be the reason for financial benefits of organization but also become a source of retaining skilled employees within organization which was referred to as relationship continuity in this paper. Structural Equation modeling technique is used to analyze the behavioral pattern of employees of Textile mills from Multan Region through Purposive sampling technique with resulting in 552 respondents. Thus, results from the study enfolded interesting insights identifying the factors which can be a source to improve and retain the skilled labor of the organization and utilizing them for creating the organizational image.
Optimizing bipolar electrode location for wireless ECG measurement - analysis of ECG signal strength and deviation between individuals

New miniaturized portable ECG measuring devices may require reduced electrode size and distance. This paper introduces a project where the effect of interelectrode distance (IED) of ECG precordial electrodes was studied with Body Surface Potential Map (BSPM) data. The objective was to study how the IED affects the signal strength and how the electrode pair should be placed on the chest in order to obtain a sufficiently reliable and strong ECG signal. Two analyses were conducted for 17 bipolar leads in BSPM data: analysis of signal strength and deviation between patients, and analysis of signal strength compared to noise level. It was found out that for diagnostic purposes a bipolar measurement between standard electrodes V1 and V2 is not sufficient, as the P-wave may disappear due to noise. Nevertheless, if the bipolar electrode pair is placed in the direction of the heart's electrical axis, the P-wave amplitude is high enough for diagnose. For heart beat detection, even a quarter of the standard distance between V1 and V2 could be sufficient, as the QRS amplitude can be detected.
Factors influencing student usage of an online learning community: the case of a rural South African university

Technology adoption within higher education is becoming popular. This has often resulted in hubs of learning referred to as an online learning community. The success of such platforms is dependent on full system utilisation. The study draws on a quantitative empirical investigation into the factors that influence the adoption of an online learning community amongst 252 first year students at a rural university in South Africa. The results of the study show that a positive relationship exists between online course design and student ratings of perceived usefulness and perceived interaction (PI) concerning the utilisation and usage of an online learning community. Furthermore, the online learning community's interface design was found to be positively related to ratings of perceived ease of use but not with PI. Based on these findings, interventions are proposed, which have ramifications in working within online learning communities to benefit both the student and the lecturer.
Middle-to-High School Girls as Game Designers - What are the Implications?

The percentage of young women choosing educational paths leading to science and technology-based employment has been dropping for several years. In our view, the core cause for this phenomenon is not a lack of ability, but rather a combination of low self efficacy, misconception of the IT field, and lack of interest and social support from families and peers. The specific aim of this paper is to discuss a case study – a class named Gaming for Girls. This class was offered to middle and high school girls three times from Fall 05 to Summer 06. In these classes, female students assumed the role of designers and developers engaged in developing their own games using commercial game engines. Based on this experience, we assert that through the activity of designing games using game engines, girls can (a) gain an understanding of the game development process, (b) acquire computer science skills, and (c) increase their confidence level with regards to computing.
Livestock Farmers’ Participation and Factors Affecting the Success of Animal Health Care Program in Hill Region

Abstract Adoption of animal health care practices remains poor and there is no centralized agency to monitor the animal health care scheme in Kumaon region. To investigate some of the root causes, a study on farmer participation in animal health and vaccination camps and factors affecting its participation was conducted. The respondents were male and female livestock owners of Kumaon region from 15 villages at different altitude, who participated in the animal health camps and were randomly interviewed. A logistic regression approach was used to analyze the participation decision. The results indicated a positive relationship between participation in animal health services (P<0.01), and also herd size (P<0.05). Sale of milk at the informal market as opposed to the formal market, and use of natural service as opposed to artificial insemination for breeding (21%) affected farmer’s participation. Farmer’s education level, cattle genotype, and daily milk yield had no significant influence on the participation in animal health services.
Models of seismic attenuation measurements in the laboratory

A rigorous mechanical approach to modeling internal friction in materials is applied to two- and one-cylinder systems often used for measuring seismic attenuation in the laboratory. The systems are subjected to static or sinu soidal torques or axial forces, and three empirical meas ures of mechanical dissipation are modeled: 1) phase lag between the cylinders (often interpreted as the stressstrain phase lag), 2) relative width of the spectral peak in dissipation (quality factor, or Q), and 3) creep relaxation time and shape. Instead of the commonly used empirical concepts, such as material memory and Q, we consider the solid viscosity and thermoelasticity as the physical mechanisms of internal friction. Several types of Q factors are predicted and shown to be sensitive to the parameters of internal friction, but also to the forcing frequency, specimen’s dimensions and other parameters of the experiments. Frequency dependences of the observed Q’s are explained by nonlinearity of viscosity and by the effects of grain size on thermoelastic dissipa tion. Comparisons to literature data in olivine show that creep can be explained by power-law solid viscosity with rheologic exponent n ≈ 0.79, and similar character of internal friction appears likely in other rocks. The model is tested in detail by using recent phase-lag data for axial deformation of a Plexiglas cylinder at frequencies 0.05‐50 Hz. This example also suggests nonlinear viscosity combined with thermoelasticity to explain the observed spectral peak in dissipation. Overall, the models show that physical mechanisms quantitatively predict the observed inelastic effects directly, without invoking the phenomenological approximations of the viscoelastic approach. The models also allow predicting attenuation coefficients for various types of seismic waves and inverting the observations for physical parameters of internal friction.
Concept-Based Instruction and Teacher Planning and Student Achievement in Persuasive Writing

Abstract The purpose of this study is twofold: to analyze the relationship of the concept-based curriculum with what the teacher in persuasive writing will include in their lesson plan, and to come up with a yardstick that would provide a more concrete description on the impact of concepts to the students’ performance in persuasive writing. The main method used in this study is exploratory and library research. The readings, however, point to the reality that given the right concept the learners can develop and could excel in writing persuasive essays. This study has found out through that indeed concept-based curriculum affects the performance of the writers. They provide a springboard to what the student has to write. When students are familiar with what they are talking, they can express themselves better and naturally they can be more convincing.
Ideas and Growth

What is it about modern capitalist economies that allows them, in contrast to all earlier societies, to generate sustained growth in productivity and living standards? It is widely agreed that the productivity growth of the industrialized economies is mainly an ongoing intellectual achievement, a sustained flow of new ideas. Are these ideas the achievements of a few geniuses, Newton, Beethoven, and a handful of others, viewed as external to the activities of ordinary people? Are they the product of a specialized research sector, engaged in the invention of patent-protected processes over which they have monopoly rights? Both images are based on important features of reality and both have inspired interesting growth theories, but neither seems to me central. What is central, I believe, is that fact that the industrial revolution involved the emergence (or rapid expansion) of a class of educated people, thousands-now many millions-of people who spend entire careers exchanging ideas, solving work-related problems, generating new knowledge.
Surface coverage of the mild steel by Extract of the Root Peels of Manihot esculentum

The derivation of an adsorption isotherm is, largely, by empirical deductions on which basis isotherms like the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Frumkin, Flory-Huggins, El-Awady, Dubinin-Radushkevich, etc. were developed. We hereby propose yet another two-parameter empirical adsorption isotherm known as Adejo-Ekwenchi isotherm, derived from the data obtained from our corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 2 M H2SO4 using three plant extracts using weight loss method studied at the temperature between 303 and 315 K. The isotherm is centred on the fact that, for any adsorption process, the amount of adsorbate uptake from bulk concentration is, always, inversely proportional to the difference between the total available surface on the adsorbent and the fraction that is covered by the adsorbate at a given temperature, prior to the attainment of maximum value of surface coverage. Therefore, at any time during the adsorption process, (1 θ) is the available surface and this decreases with increase in concentration, and thus;
Title : The Information Content of Bank Liquidity : An Evaluation of Links between Banks ’ Liquidity Ratios and Financial Performance

Master thesis in Accounting, School of Business, Economics and Law at the University of Gothenburg, Graduate School, spring 2014. Title: The Information Content of Bank Liquidity: An Evaluation of Links between Banks’ Liquidity Ratios and Financial Performance. Authors: Thanh Hai Nguyen and Carl Leander Supervisors: Savvas Papadopoulos (PhD Student) and Jan Marton (Associate Professor) Background and problem: Since the financial crisis of 2007-2008, it has been widely argued that part of the banking crisis was due to bad liquidity management by the banks themselves. An example of this ongoing discussion is the new increased liquidity requirements of the upcoming Basel III regulation. This discussion raises the question if accounting data on bank liquidity has any information content, and if it is in fact related to the performance of banks. Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the relation between liquidity accounting ratios and financial performance in the banking sector, and thereby assess the usefulness and information content of said ratios. This will be done by testing whether banks’ different liquidity ratios are significantly related to their performance indicators in the same period. Coverage: The study covers accounting data and stock market data from the years of 2005-2012. The study includes listed banks that originate from the US and the EU, with total assets greater than USD 1 billion. Method: The study has been designed as an explanatory, deductive, and positivistic study. The main method used has been multivariate regression analysis, and through this hypotheses have been tested by studying the coefficients from the regression output. Findings: The findings of the study indicate that a bank’s liquidity level is significantly related to its stock returns in the same period, in line with the hypotheses. Further, one of the chosen liquidity ratios is related to the return on equity of banks, also in line with the hypotheses. This could indicate some links between liquidity ratios and financial performance. Suggestions for further research: Include more geographical areas. Compare different accounting standards. Apply the study to other industries. Conduct a predictive study testing the predictive ability of liquidity, based on the findings that the variables are indeed related in the same period. Limitations: Findings are only applicable to banking industry. Assumptions on causality and accounting standard similarity made. Control variables are limited.
MEETING THE NEEDS OF DIVERSE STUDENT POPULATIONS: FINDINGS FROM THE SCALING UP SIMCALC PROJECT

While research has shown the effectiveness of representational technologies in mathematics education, barriers to broad use remain. The Scaling Up SimCalc project has begun to address these barriers by considering the role of technology within a wider “curricular activity system. ” In this paper we discuss how we leveraged the representational and communicative infrastructure of SimCalc to meet the needs of a diverse student population, while we also met the needs of key stakeholders in the wider education system. This resulted in increased learning for a diverse group of students. We also discuss possible improvements to our intervention.
A study of the drugs used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their impact on quality-of-life.

Objectives: The objective was to assess drugs used in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their impact on quality-of-life. Materials and Methods: All newly diagnosed patients visiting the pulmonary medicine OPD were enrolled for the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Symptom and drug therapy assessment was done every month, while spirometry and quality-of-life assessment was done every 2 months. St. George Respiratory questionnaire was used for quality-of-life assessment. Results: A total of 100 patients was enrolled in the study, 78 were males and 22 females with mean age being 58.91 ± 6.58 years. All 84 patients, who were smokers, smoked bidis. Statistically significant improvement was seen in dyspnea, while all other symptoms did not show such improvement. 26 patients suffered from mild COPD, 48 had a moderate severity while remaining 26 belonged to the severe form of the disease. Improvement was seen in all parameters of spirometry. Statistically significant improvement was seen in forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV 1 ) at 4 and 6 months, in forced vital capacity at 6 months, in FEV 1 % at 4 and 6 months as compared to baseline. Peak expiratory flow and forced expiratory flow 25-75 also showed statistically significant improvement at every follow-up as compared to baseline. Methylxanthines, anticholinergics, β 2 agonists, and corticosteroids were the commonly prescribed drugs. Improvement was seen in quality-of-life but overall improvement was not clinically significant. A decrease in total score in quality-of-life was seen from 44.63 at baseline to 41.76 at the end of 6 months. Correlation between quality-of-life and FEV 1 was found to be extremely significant. Conclusion: Improvement in quality-of-life was not clinically significant. However, correlation between FEV 1 and quality-of-life was extremely significant.
Interactive comment on “Synoptic relationships quantified between surface Chlorophyll-a and diagnostic pigments specific to phytoplankton functional types” by T. Hirata et al

Error-quantified, synoptic-scale relationships between satellite based chlorophyll-a (Chla) and phytoplankton pigment groups at the sea surface are presented. A total of nine pigment groups were considered to represent nine phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) including microplankton, nanoplankton, picoplankton, diatoms, dinoflagellates, green algae, picoeukaryotes, prokaryotes and Prochlorococcus sp. The present paper applies the approach of Uitz et al. (2006) to get from satellite (SeaWiFS) chl-a directly information on the fractional contribution of various phytoplankton classes by a
The impact of temperature changes on summer time ozone and its precursors in the Eastern Mediterranean

Changes in temperature due to variability in me- teorology and climate change are expected to significantly impact atmospheric composition. The Mediterranean is a climate sensitive region and includes megacities like Istan- bul and large urban agglomerations such as Athens. The effect of temperature changes on gaseous air pollutant lev- els and the atmospheric processes that are controlling them in the Eastern Mediterranean are here investigated. The WRF/CMAQ mesoscale modeling system is used, coupled with the MEGAN model for the processing of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions. A set of temperature perturbations (spanning from 1 to 5 K) is applied on a base case simulation corresponding to July 2004. The results in- dicate that the Eastern Mediterranean basin acts as a reser- voir of pollutants and their precursor emissions from large urban agglomerations. During summer, chemistry is a ma- jor sink at these urban areas near the surface, and a minor contributor at downwind areas. On average, the atmospheric processes are more effective within the first 1000 m above ground. Temperature increases lead to increases in biogenic emissions by 9± 3% K 1 . Ozone mixing ratios increase al- most linearly with the increases in ambient temperatures by 1±0.1 ppb O3 K 1 for all studied urban and receptor stations except for Istanbul, where a 0.4± 0.1 ppb O3 K 1 increase is calculated, which is about half of the domain-averaged in- crease of 0.9± 0.1 ppb O3 K 1 . The computed changes in atmospheric processes are also linearly related with temper- ature changes.
Physicochemical Factors Influencing the Preferential Transport of Escherichia coli in Soils

Laboratory and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the transport and release of Escherichia coli D21g in preferential flow systems with artificial macropores under different ionic strength (IS) conditions. Macropores were created by embedding coarse sand lenses in a fine sand matrix and altering the length, continuity, and vertical position of the lens. The length of an artificial macropore proved to have a great impact on the preferential transport of E. coli D21g, especially under high‐IS conditions. A discontinuous macropore (interrupted by fine sand) was found to have less preferential transport of E. coli D21g than a continuous macropore of the same length that was open to either the top or bottom boundary. At low IS, more extensive transport in the preferential path and earlier arrival time were observed for E. coli D21g than Br− as a result of size exclusion. Two release pulses (one from the preferential path and the other from the matrix) were observed following a reduction of the solution IS for flow systems with macropores that were open to either the top or bottom boundary, whereas three pulses (two from the preferential path and another from the matrix) were observed for systems with discontinuous macropores. Numerical simulations of E. coli D21g under both constant and transient solution chemistry conditions had very high agreement with the experiment data, except for their capability to predict some subtle differences in transport between the various lens configurations.
Contribution of Organizational Learning and Market Orientation on Business Unit Performance Mediated by Job Satisfaction at Dairy Cattle Milk Cooperatives in East Java, Indonesia

Dairy cattle milk cooperatives in East Java has been threatened to be failure in achieving the target of Milk Self-Capacity By 2020. The reason of this failure threat is low productivity among dairy cattle milk entrepreneurs. Productivity is closely related with performance of dairy cattle milk business units, but this performance is affected by factors such as organizational learning, market orientation and job satisfaction. The objective of this research is to understand the contribution of organizational learning and market orientation on business unit performance through mediation of job satisfaction. This research is designed to use quantitative approach. The causal relationship across research variables is examined with Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Research population is 52 dairy cattle milk cooperatives in East Java. Sampling method is simple random sampling, and after using this sampling to populaton, it results in a sample of 46 cooperatives. Data are collected through questionnaire. Questions on questionnaire are made and processed with Software SmartPLS Version 3.27. Research has given some results: (1) Organizational Learning and Market Orientation have a positive contribution to the increase of Job Satisfaction; (2) Organizational Learning and Market Orientation do not have a positive contribution to the increase of Business Unit Performance; and (3) Job Satisfaction has a positive contribution to the increase of Business Unit Performance at dairy cattle milk cooperatives in East Java.
Finnish high school and university students ’ ability to handle multiple source documents in history

This article presents a study where the command of historical literacy of both Finnish high school students (N=18) and university students (N=11) was examined. Both groups were in their final year of study. The high school students had a strong tendency to interpret historical sources rather one-sidedly: only a few were able to “read between the lines. ” These students were thus on a novice-level when it came to interpreting these sources. However, the university students showed a higher command of historical literacy. They were not only able to differentiate between primary and secondary sources, but could also evaluate the origin of the source and the effect that might have had on the reliability of the source. University students were also able to make comparisons between the different sources while evaluating their credibility. In addition, some of them could view the case in question in a larger social context as well. In this article we will reflect on these differences between high school students and university students regarding their historical literacy skills. We will also discuss how the goals of history teaching in high schools are met in the light of our findings.