Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Menggunakan Soal Tes Open Ended Problem Pada Materi Elektrokimia di SMA Negeri 1 Telaga

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas XII di SMA Negeri 1 Telaga dengan menggunakan tes Open Ended Problem pada materi elektrokimia: mengetahui tanggapan guru terhadap soal Open Ended Problem yang diujikan dan mengetahui tanggapan siswa terhadap soal open ended yang diujikan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Subyek dalam penelitian ini 42 siswa kelas XII MIA dan 4 orang guru kimia di SMA Negeri 1 Telaga. Data pada penelitian ini berupa data hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada setiap aspek serta hasil tanggapan angket mengenai model soal yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada aspek fluency sebesar 61,54% dalam kategori baik, aspek flexibility sebesar 57,85% dalam kategori cukup dan pada aspek originality mencapai 55,12% dengan kategori cukup. Hasil tanggapan angket guru terhadap model soal Open Ended Problem yang digunakan sebesar 100%. Hasil tanggapan angket siswa yang diberikan sebesar 80% siswa memberikan respon positif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas XII SMA Negeri 1 Telaga menggunakan soal tes Open Ended Problem termasuk dalam kategori Baik; (2) Tanggapan guru terhadap penggunaan soal Open Ended Problem yaitu dapat memudahkan guru untuk mengidentifikasi kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa; (3) Tanggapan siswa mengenai soal tes Open Ended Problem yang digunakan yaitu siswa lebih mudah mengeluarkan pendapatnya.
Digital Audio Restoration of Gramophone Records

Gramophones were the main audio recording medium for more than seven decades and regained widespread popularity over the past few years. Being an analogue storage medium, gramophone records are subject to distortions caused by scratches, dust particles, high temperatures, excessive playback and other noise induced by mishandling the record. Due to the early adoption of the compact disc and other digital audio mediums, most research to reduce the noise on gramophone records focused on physical improvements such as the enhancements of turntable hardware, amelioration of the record material or advances through better record cutting techniques. Comparatively little research has been conducted to digitally filter and reconstruct distorted gramophone recordings. This thesis provides an extensive analysis on the digital detection and reconstruction of noise in gramophone audio signals distorted by scratches. The ability to approximated audio signals was examined though an empirical analysis of different polynomials and time series models. The investigated polynomials include the standard, Fourier, Newton, Lagrange, Hermite, osculating and piecewise polynomials. Experiments were also conducted by applying autoregressive, moving average and heteroskedasticity models, such as the AR, MA, ARMA, ARIMA, ARCH and GARCH models. In addition, different variants of an artificial neural network were tested and compared to the time series models. Noise detection was performed using algorithms based on the standard score, median absolute deviation, Mahalanobis distance, nearest neighbour, mean absolute spectral deviation and the absolute predictive deviation method. The reconstruction process © University of Pretoria employed the examined polynomials and models and also considered adjacent window, mirroring window, nearest neighbour, similarity, Lanczos and cosine interpolation. The detection and reconstruction algorithms were benchmarked using a dataset of 800 songs from eight different genres. Simulations were conducted using artificially generated and real gramophone noise. The algorithms were compared according to their detection and reconstruction accuracy, the computational time needed and the tradeoff between the accuracy and time. Empirical analysis showed that the highest noise detection accuracy was achieved with the absolute predictive deviation using an ARIMA model. The predictive outlier detector employing a Jordan simple recurrent artificial neural network was most efficient by achieving the best detection rate in a limited timespan. It was also found that the artificial neural networks reconstructed the audio signals more accurately than the other interpolation algorithms. The AR model was most efficient by achieving the best tradeoff between the execution time and the interpolation error.
Universal values as a barrier to the effectiveness of global citizenship education: A multimodal critical discourse analysis

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) approach to global citizenship education (GCE) includes a set of values termed 'universal values'. These social ideals include peace, justice and sustainability, and are normatively considered a common good. A multimodal critical discourse analysis of universal values within key UNESCO texts reveals that rather than moving societies towards genuine mutual human well-being, a central theme of GCE, universal values are counterproductive to the achievement of GCE. To enable GCE to achieve its aims, UNESCO needs to incorporate a diverse concept of values that allows for motivations and actions towards global citizenship more relevant to local contexts.
Warm Conveyor Belts and Their Role for Cloud Radiative Forcing in the Extratropical Storm Tracks

The link between cloud radiative forcing (CRF) and warm conveyor belts (WCBs), which are strongly ascending airstreams in extratropical cyclones, is investigated based on ERA-Interim reanalysis from 1979 to 2011. Clouds associated with WCBs can be liquid, mixed phase, or ice clouds. They interact with the longwave and shortwave radiation in different ways and thus strongly influence Earth’s radiative budget in the extratropical storm tracks in a complex way. In this study, WCBs are identified with a Lagrangian method, where WCBs are represented by trajectories that rise at least 600 hPa in 48 h in the vicinity of an extratropical cyclone, and CRF is traced along all WCB trajectories during the considered 30-yr period. The results show that due to the poleward ascent of WCBs, they exhibit negative net cloud forcing (NetCRF) in the southern part of the associated cloud band, whereas in their northern part, NetCRF gets positive due to the lack of sunlight in the winter months. This nonuniform CRF along WCBs from low to high latitudes increases the meridional NetCRF gradient. Furthermore, in their outflow regions in the North Atlantic, where WCBs are mainly associated with ice clouds, WCBs contribute up to 10 W m−2 to the global climatological NetCRF maximum in winter. The results highlight the importance of WCBs in modulating the radiative budget in the extratropics. Furthermore, the results emphasize the need for a correct representation of WCBs in climate models to correctly simulate the cloud–circulation coupling.
Planning for Biodiversity

If we can only preserve some of the Earth9s land, how do we decide which bits to save to achieve preservation of the most species? Two reports in this issue of Science ( Ando et al. and van Jaarsveld et al.) and a policy commentary on conservation biology by SoulA© and Sanjayan address this question by presenting new computational methods. In their commentary, Pimm and Lawton discuss the use of these algorithms for making conservation choices.
Community Marine Monitoring Toolkit: A locally-developed toolkit to inform community-based management of marine resources in Vanuatu

Melanesian countries have made recent progress in developing sea cucumber fishery management systems including tools such as species-specific minimum legal size limits. Despite a consensus among the scientific community that size limits are a vital management tool, decision-makers, fishers and traders might not fully appreciate the benefits of minimum size limits. Consequently, compliance and enforcement is often weak. It is relatively clear that any increase in the length of time sea cucumbers are allowed to grow increases the chances of reproductive success and prolongs their beneficial impacts on the ecosystem; however, the economic benefits of doing so are not so straightforward. This study modelled the economic benefits of imposing and strictly enforcing science-based minimum size limits in sea cucumber fisheries. Four high-value species Thelenota ananas, Holothuria scabra, H. fuscogilva, H. whitmaei were investigated, using size limits that have been recently agreed upon by the Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG), and size distribution samples from recent export data from Fiji and Vanuatu. Our analysis found that if minimum legal size limits were enforced, the entire long-term harvest of some species could increase by up to 97% and generate up to 144% more revenue. In other words, fishers and governments lose significant revenue by not strictly enforcing size limits. This economic loss reinforces the importance of enforcing strict science-based size limits in sea cucumber fisheries.
Point defects in group III nitrides: A comparative first-principles study

One of the main challenges in the development of wide bandgap semiconductor devices is to understand the behavior of defects and avoid their harm. Using density-functional theory calculations with hybrid functional, we systematically investigated the neutral and charged native point defects (vacancy, interstitial, and antisite defect) in GaN, AlN, and InN crystals in terms of local geometry relaxation, formation energies, and electronic and diffusion properties. By comparing the defect configuration and transition levels as a function of the Fermi level, we show that Ga interstitial (Gaoc, Gate) in GaN, N vacancy (VN), N interstitial (Ni), In antisite (InN), and In interstitial (Inte, Inoc) in InN can exist stably only in the positive charge states with donor level and VIn is stable in the neutral state, while the other defects exhibit both donor and acceptor behavior. Among them, the most stable defects are identified as VN for p-type nitrides and VGa, VAl for n-type nitrides. These results, providing a mechanism for self-compensation effects, explain the reduced doping efficiencies for both n-type and p-type nitrides due to defects. Moreover, it is also demonstrated that N interstitial diffuses faster than vacancy, which are mainly responsible for the low concentration of N interstitials and N-based defect complexes produced in nitrides. Significantly, the trends of formation energy, transition level, and migration barrier of nitrides are also consistent with their intrinsic atomic size and bandgap. Our study is important for the identification and control of point defects in nitrides, which have a profound impact on device performance and reliability.One of the main challenges in the development of wide bandgap semiconductor devices is to understand the behavior of defects and avoid their harm. Using density-functional theory calculations with hybrid functional, we systematically investigated the neutral and charged native point defects (vacancy, interstitial, and antisite defect) in GaN, AlN, and InN crystals in terms of local geometry relaxation, formation energies, and electronic and diffusion properties. By comparing the defect configuration and transition levels as a function of the Fermi level, we show that Ga interstitial (Gaoc, Gate) in GaN, N vacancy (VN), N interstitial (Ni), In antisite (InN), and In interstitial (Inte, Inoc) in InN can exist stably only in the positive charge states with donor level and VIn is stable in the neutral state, while the other defects exhibit both donor and acceptor behavior. Among them, the most stable defects are identified as VN for p-type nitrides and VGa, VAl for n-type nitrides. These results, providing a .
Remarks on some minimization problems associated with BV norms

The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly I present an optimal regularity result for minimizers of a \begin{document}$ 1D $\end{document} convex functional involving the BV-norm, under Neumann boundary condition. This functional is a simplified version of models occuring in Image Processing. Secondly I investigate the existence of minimizers for the same functional under Dirichlet boundary condition. Surprisingly, this turns out to be a delicate issue, which is still widely open.
Aboriginal students in health education programs: a focus on professional identity development

This thesis examined the experiences of Aboriginal (First Nation, Inuit, Métis) students in health education programs as they proceed through the socialization processes involved in professional identity development. I used mixed methods to access the experiences of Aboriginal students attending professional health education programs (Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy) in central and western Canada. The first phase of this study used qualitative interviewing methods, where four superordinate themes emerged capturing the main facets of the experiences of eight participants: cultural congruity, academic and social integration, professional identity development, and meaningful markers of success. The superordinate theme of cultural congruity emerged as a cross cutting theme, in that it touched every other aspect of the overall experiences of these students – creating additional dimensions, challenges, and tensions these students had to navigate. Using quantitative measures I then examined the relationships between academic and social integration, cultural congruity, cultural identity, self-construal, and professional identity development for a larger sample of Aboriginal students. Significant positive relationships were observed for academic and social integration and cultural congruity in relation to professional identity development. If students perceived they belonged in terms of their academic and social experiences they were more likely to report feeling positively identified with their future profession. Similarly, if students perceived there was cultural congruity, they were also more likely to report feeling positively identified with their future profession. Academic integration emerged as a unique predictor, accounting for the majority of the variance in professional identity development. This suggests that although cultural and social factors are important factors shaping the experiences of Aboriginal students in these programs, the role of intrinsic interest in the learning process and program content and connecting with experiences of Aboriginal students 3 competence were the most significant determinants of professional identity development for this sample of participants. It is notable that cultural congruity was positively related to both academic and social integration, suggesting that there may be more complex relationships among these components present. Sample diversity, exploratory analyses, and implications for future research are also discussed.
Seeing the Forest for the Trees: A Bibliometric Analysis of Environmental and Resource Sociology

Abstract Environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources have become two established research areas in the United States with distinct institutional origins, research themes, and theoretical roots, as well as associated professional networks, journals, and conferences. Existing discussions of the relationships between the two subdisciplines are largely based on personal reflections and exploratory analyses. However, there is still not a clear understanding of the overall picture of interdisciplinary sociological research on human–nature interactions. In this study we conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 8027 articles published in 30 selected academic journals during 1985–2017. Findings of this research provide a more complete view of the intellectual landscape of environmental and resource sociology. Overall, the study produces an empirically-based characterization of environmental sociology and the sociology of natural resources in terms of coauthorship and citation networks, and highlights the need for more sustained synthesis across different knowledge domains.
The Use of Secondarily Treated Wastewater Effluent for Forested Wetland Restoration in a Subsiding Coastal Zone.

Insufficient sedimentation, coupled with high rates of relative sea-level rise (RSLR), are two important factors contributing to wetland loss in coastal Louisiana. I hypothesized that adding nutrient rich, secondarily treated, wastewater effluent to subsiding coastal wedands in Louisiana could promote vertical accretion in these systems through increased organic matter production and subsequent deposition, and allow accretion to keep pace with estimated rates of RSLR (subsidence plus eustatic sealevel rise). To test this hypothesis, I measured processes affecting wedand elevation including, organic matter decomposition, sediment accretion, aboveground primary production, and, plant tissue nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe) concentrations, in a coastal forested wedand receiving wastewater effluent, and in an adjacent control site, both before and after effluent applications began. A Before-After-Control-Impact statistical analysis revealed that neither aboveground tree production nor annual rates of decomposition were affected by wastewater effluent. However, because of increased floating aquatic vegetation production in the treatment site, rates of sediment accretion increased significandy after wastewater applications began (from 7.8 to 11.4 mm/yr), and approached the estimated rate of RSLR (12.0 mm/yr). No corresponding increase was observed in the control site. In general, N, P and K green leaf concentrations increased in the treatment site, with respect to the control, after effluent applications began. A wetland elevation ecosystem model, that incorporated elevation feedback mechanisms and simulated above and belowground primary production, sediment dynamics (decomposition, compaction and accretion) and mineral inputs over decades, was developed to examine the long term response of wedands to increasing rates of RSLR, and to predict the effect of effluent additions on elevation. Model-generated sediment height was balanced with eustatic sea-level rise and deep subsidence, both
Relationships Between Social Support, Identity, Anxiety, and Depression Among Young Bisexual People of Color

Abstract Bisexual People of Color (POC) may experience greater barriers in connecting to social support compared to White sexual minority people and heterosexual racial or ethnic minority people due to multiple intersecting experiences of marginalization. Social support may be positively related to bisexual identity experience and mental health. We investigated the relationships between different types of social support, bisexual identity experience, and anxiety and depression amongst a sample of young bisexual POC. We conducted a survey with 178 bisexual people ages 18–25 who identified as either POC or with a racial or ethnic minority identity. Social support was related to lower reported rates of experienced binegativity, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, whereas greater connection to the Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) community was related to higher rates of binegativity and bisexual identity affirmation. Amongst some participants, greater rates of binegativity were associated with worse depression and anxiety symptoms. The current findings support that young bisexual POC are able to effectively utilize positive sources of social support.
Performance of rice under different water regimes and plant nutrient sources

Field experiment was carried out at the Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, University of Ghana, Kpong in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of different soil water condition and plant nutrient sources on the growth and yield of rice. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Water regime and nutrient source were the main and sub-plot factors, respectively. Water regimes included; continuous flooding (CS), alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and moist soil condition between field capacity and permanent wilting point (MC) while the nutrient fertilizer treatments included no fertilizer (N0), 90 kg N/ha mainly from urea fertilizer (N1), 90 kg N/ha from 12.8 tons of compost (N2) and 45 kg N/ha from urea fertilizer + 45 kg N/ha from 6.4 tons of compost (N3). Results from the study revealed that keeping the soil periodically in aerobic and anaerobic condition through AWD method of water management recorded similar growth and grain yield of rice as with complete submergence of paddy field. Combination of inorganic fertilizer and compost for each to supply 45 kg N/ha under AWD produced the highest rice growth and grain yield. There was a positive and significant correlation between grain yield and growth parameters (plant height, chlorophyll content and above ground biomass accumulation).
Progressive and Punctuated Magnetic Mineral Diagenesis: The Rock Magnetic Record of Multiple Fluid Inputs and Progressive Pyritization in a Volcano‐Bounded Basin, IODP Site U1437, Izu Rear Arc

International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1437 recovered an 1,800‐m‐long sediment sequence in a volcano‐bounded basin on the Izu rear arc. Pore fluid studies revealed a pattern of repeated fluid inputs, fluid diffusion, and methane and ethane accumulations, which represent “fluid anomalies” that disturb the fluid profiles. First‐order reversal curve analysis, magnetic hysteresis, saturation isothermal remanent magnetization, and low‐temperature remanence cycling reveal a detrital input dominated by vortex‐state and multidomain magnetite, which passes through an initial stage of partial magnetite dissolution and greigite authigenesis in the upper few tens of meters. Progressive magnetic mineral diagenesis comprises the continued loss of fine‐grained magnetite and gradual pyritization of greigite and produces a background logarithmic decrease in saturation isothermal remanent magnetization normalized by magnetic susceptibility. This process implies a continuing slow supply of S2− to depths >1,500 m. Thermally driven diagenesis, which would cause extensive loss of greigite at these depths, does not appear to be significant here. Multidomain magnetite grains dominate the magnetic mineralogy in the deepest part of the sequence, but some single‐domain magnetite survives as inclusions in silicates. Fluid anomalies representing sulfate influx drive locally renewed greigite authigenesis, as do methane and ethane accumulations. In some cases, where methane is accompanied by H2S (“sour gas”), fine‐grained greigite is converted to pyrite. We term these multiple episodes of enhanced magnetic mineral alteration “punctuated magnetic mineral diagenesis. ” Despite both progressive and punctuated magnetic mineral diagenesis, enough depositional remanence survives to allow recognition of the magnetostratigraphy to 1,320 m below seafloor.