Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Pharmacist‐Initiated Program of Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Conversion

A prospective program to convert patients from parenteral to oral antibiotics was evaluated over 12 months to determine its pharmacoeconomic impact on antibiotic acquisition and length of hospital stay. Physicians of patients meeting predetermined clinical criteria for mild and moderate infections were contacted to discuss potential oral alternative therapy. Clinical end points and economic data were followed in 242 patients (200 converted and 42 not converted but meeting criteria). No significant differences were noted between the groups with regard to demographic data, infection diagnosis, clinical outcome, or adverse effects. The average number of days of therapy for patients converted was 1.53 days shorter than that of patients who were not converted to oral therapy (p<0.003). Cost savings for drug acquisition and length of stay were $15,149.24 and $161,071.88, respectively. The intervention program appeared to provide a cost‐effective conversion from parenteral to oral antimicrobial administration without compromising patient care. It is anticipated that expansion of the program to include additional antibiotics will result in even greater cost savings for the institution.
Enhancement of leukocyte response to lipopolysaccharide by secretory group IIA Phospholipase A2

Secretory nonpancreatic group IIA Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), a lipolytic enzyme found in plasma, is thought to play an important role in inflammation. In patients with sepsis, a strong positive correlation is observed between the plasma level of sPLA2 and poor clinical outcome in sepsis. We have thus asked whether sPLA2 could play a role in enabling responses of cells to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key contributor to sepsis. In the presence of sPLA2, cellular responses to LPS were significantly increased. This was demonstrated in assays of LPS‐stimulated interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) production in whole blood and binding of freshly isolated human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to fibrinogen‐coated surfaces. We further found that sPLA2 enhanced binding of labeled LPS to PMN, and that the sPLA2‐mediated cell responses to LPS were all blocked by monoclonal antibodies directed against membrane CD14. Two properties of sPLA2 may contribute to its activity to mediate responses to LPS. sPLA2 appears to bind LPS because pre‐exposure of sPLA2 to LPS led to a dose‐dependent increase in its ability to hydrolyze phospholid substrate, and incubation of sPLA2 with BODIPY‐LPS micelles resulted in enhanced fluorescence, presumably from the disaggregation of the LPS aggregates. Additional studies demonstrated that the esterolytic function of sPLA2 is also needed both for the disaggregation of LPS and CD14‐dependent cell stimulation. The precise mechanisms by which LPS‐binding and esterolytic activity contribute to sPLA2 activity are not clear but our data strongly suggest that these activities result in interaction of LPS with CD14 and subsequent cell activation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 750–756; 1999.
Effect of Alcoholic Extract Propolis on Immune System in Broiler Chickens

This experiment was done to evaluate the effects of different levels of alcoholic extract propolis on immune system in broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, 225 one-day old cobb 500 broiler were randomly assigned in 5 dietary treatments containing 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 mg of alcoholic extract propolis per kilogram of experiment diets. Each dietary treatment was replicated 3 times with 15 birds each. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. In the end of experiment period, two birds of each replicate were randomly selected and the blood samples were taken from wing vein with syringes. Data were pooled and analyzed using the general linear model of SAS, and means were separated by Duncan multiple range test (p 0/05).
Identifying human parieto‐insular vestibular cortex using fMRI and cytoarchitectonic mapping

The parieto‐insular vestibular cortex (PIVC) plays a central role in the cortical vestibular network. Although this region was first defined and subsequently extensively studied in nonhuman primates, there is also ample evidence for a human analogue in the posterior parietal operculum. In this study, we functionally and anatomically characterize the putative human equivalent to macaque area PIVC by combining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the cortical response to galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) with probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps of the human parietal operculum. Our fMRI data revealed a bilateral cortical response to GVS in posterior parieto‐insular cortex. Based on the topographic similarity of these activations to primate area PIVC, we suggest that they constitute the functionally defined human equivalent to macaque area PIVC. The locations of these activations were then compared to the probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps of the parietal operculum (Eickhoff et al. [ 2005a ]: Cereb Cortex, in press; Eickhoff et al. [ 2005c ]: Cereb Cortex, in press), whereby the functionally defined PIVC matched most closely the cytoarchitectonically defined area OP 2. This activation of OP 2 by vestibular stimulation and its cytoarchitectonic features, which are similar to other primary sensory areas, suggest that area OP 2 constitutes the human equivalent of macaque area PIVC. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modeling Tumor Growth with Random Onset

Summary. The longitudinal assessment of tumor volume is commonly used as an endpoint in small animal studies in cancer research. Groups of genetically identical mice are injected with mutant cells from clones developed with different mutations. The interest is on comparing tumor onset (i.e., the time of tumor detection) and tumor growth after onset, between mutation groups. This article proposes a class of linear and nonlinear growth models for jointly modeling tumor onset and growth in this situation. Our approach allows for interval‐censored time of onset and missing‐at‐random dropout due to early sacrifice, which are common situations in animal research. We show that our approach has good small‐sample properties for testing and is robust to some key unverifiable modeling assumptions. We illustrate this methodology with an application examining the effect of different mutations on tumorigenesis.
Nursing on television: student perceptions of television's role in public image, recruitment and education.

AIMS To explore nursing students' perceptions of how their profession is portrayed on medical television programmes. BACKGROUND Recruitment and retention in nursing have been linked to the image of the profession in society. Images of nursing in popular media frequently draw on stereotypes that may damage the appeal of nursing for potential students and denigrate the value and status of the profession. A growing body of work analyses how nursing is portrayed in popular media, but less research asks nursing students themselves to reflect on this area. DESIGN Convergent parallel mixed methods. METHODS Data were collected in 2011 from surveys of 484 undergraduate nursing students at a large university in New South Wales, Australia, that included demographic data, their viewing habits of medical television programmes and their opinions of how the shows handled nursing ethics and professionalism and the image of nursing on television and nursing role models. RESULTS Most students watch medical television programmes. Students who do not speak English at home watched fewer programmes but were more positive about the depictions of professionalism. The qualitative data showed students were concerned that television can have a negative influence on the image of nursing, but they also recognized some educational and recruitment value in television programmes. CONCLUSIONS It is important for nurses, educators and students to be critically engaged with the image of their profession in society. There is value in engaging more closely with contemporary media portrayals of nursing for students and educators alike.
When Fund Flows Take the Fun (Alpha) Away

We design a new test for diseconomies of scale at the mutual fund level, and document that quarterly changes in fund performance are negatively related to lagged predicted fund flows. The effect is economically and statistically significant for both inflows and outflows. Results hold for factor alphas and benchmark adjusted returns, and are robust to econometric biases. The flow-performance mechanism is strongest for more active funds with higher expense ratios and for funds trading smaller and more illiquid stocks. Consistent with the Berk and Green (2004) model, we find that alphas would be more cross-sectionally dispersed and more persistent without the damping effects of flows.
Religiosity and sexual responsibility: relationships of choice.

OBJECTIVE To determine the current influence of women's religiosity upon their sexual attitudes and behavior, including feelings of guilt. METHOD An anonymous questionnaire was administered to 535 female undergraduates at a Midwestern university. RESULTS Higher degrees of religiosity were associated with negative attitudes toward nonprocreative sexual activities, guilt towards masturbation, less likelihood of engaging in sexual intercourse, and fewer sex partners if sexually experienced. No significant differences were found regarding religiosity and physiological or psychological sexual satisfaction. CONCLUSION Religiosity appears related to sexual attitudes and behavior of college women, but not physiological or psychological sexual satisfaction.
Gr upSM Assessment of Right Ventricular Function Using Echocardiography : Compared with Cardiac MR Imaging

Echocardiography | www.smgebooks. com Copyright  Guo Y.This book chapter is open access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited. Gr up SM Assessment of Right Ventricular Function Using Echocardiography: Compared with Cardiac MR Imaging
Effect of Dietary Level of Phytic Acid on Hepatic and Serum Lipid Status in Rats Fed a High-sucrose Diet

The effect of dietary 0.02–10% sodium phytate on the hepatic and serum lipid status of rats fed a high-sucrose diet for 14 d was investigated. Hepatic levels of triglyceride and cholesterol and lipogenic enzymes activity were reduced with increasing dietary phytate level. The addition of 10% sodium phytate drastically depressed growth, food intake, and serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels.
Entrepreneurial orientation in hotel establishments Completed Research Paper

The present paper analyses the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (integrated approach) and its dimensions (individual approach) on hotel performance. We pose a structural equation model (SEM) Partial Least Square (PLS) through Smart PLS 3.1. 9 on a dataset obtained by means of a questionnaire emailed to 102 hotel directors between January and June 2014. The most relevant contribution of this work lies in the fact that the impact of entrepreneurial orientation in an integrated approach (the three dimensions acts jointly) exceeds the effect of each individual approach.
Virulence Factor Activity Relationships: Challenges and Development Approaches

Virulence factor activity relationships (VFAR) is a predictive approach proposed by the National Research Council's Committee on Drinking Water Contaminants (Washington, D.C.) to classify and rank waterborne pathogens. It is based on the presumption that health threats of waterborne pathogens can be predicted from descriptors at different levels of cellular organization. This paper summarizes challenges that need to be addressed while developing VFAR, with a focus on genomics, such as genomic variability among related pathogens and the need to incorporate genetic descriptors for persistence and host susceptibility. Three key components of VFAR development and validation are also presented, including (1) compilation of a comprehensive VFAR database, (2) development of predictive mathematical models relating descriptors to health effects and other microbial responses, and (3) high‐throughput molecular monitoring of drinking water supplies and sources. Bayesian approach and on‐chip polymerase chain reaction are discussed as examples of mathematical models and molecular monitoring.
Characterization of Biodiesel by Unconventional Methods: Photothermal Techniques

Atmospheric Pollution is one of the most concerning problems of modern society. The pollution of air can cause local and global impacts (Rockstrom et al., 2009, Steffen et al., 2003), modifying the climate (Hansen et al., 2008, Rosenzweig et al., 2008, Solomon et al., 2009), damaging the human healthy and the environment, have at the moment an international prominence. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report (IPCC, 2007a, 2007b) concluded that emissions of greenhouse effect gases (GEE) has increased due to anthropic actions resulting a rise of the Earth’s average temperature. An alternative to minimize these effects is the use of renewable sources, as an attempt to reduce global warming (Meinshausen et al., 2009, Allen et al., 2009). However, access to energy underpins our current way of life and promotes hopes among peoples around the world for improved lives. Mobility is a core component of these aspirations, as transport has become the main factor in increasing global primary oil demand, and is expected to grow by 1.3% per year up to 2030, reaching 116 million barrels a day (Meinshausen & Meinshausen, 2009) (from 84 million barrels per day in 2005). The transport sector in particular relies almost entirely on oil, which is to become increasingly scarce and costly in the next few decades, and supplies may be prone to interruption. Biofuels (Bauen et al., 2008, Tilman et al., 2006) – fuels derived from plant materials – have the potential to address these two issues. At first sight they appear to be carbon neutral, renewable (fresh supplies can be grown as needed) and can be cultivated in many different environments. In addition they are an integral part of the emerging ‘bio-economy’, where plant material is used to produce specific chemicals and bulk industrial chemicals. In the future biofuels may increasingly replace chemicals derived from fossil fuel. The full picture, however, is much more complex as different biofuels have widely differing environmental, social and economic impacts. The predicted shortage of fossil fuel has encouraged the search for substitutes for petroleum derivatives. This search resulted in an alternative fuel called “biodiesel”. Biodiesel obtained from different vegetable oils is considered to be as an attractive option. From environmental standpoint, biodiesel is carbon neutral since all carbon dioxide released during consumption is sequestered from the atmosphere for growth of vegetables oil crops. The other environmental advantages in using biodiesel are: it is easy to use, as well as being biodegradable, non-toxic, reduces emissions of particulate,
Blood pressure control and comorbidity in a nephrology clinic.

BACKGROUND Many patients with established hypertension have poorly controlled blood pressure (BP). We studied demographic and clinical characteristics related to hypertension and analyzed the relationships between BP control and comorbidity. METHODS This study was based on 414 consecutive hypertensive out-patients referred to our nephrology clinic. We recorded systolic and diastolic BP, age, gender, body mass index, total cholesterol, family history of hypertension, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 24-hr proteinuria, diabetes, coronary artery disease, smoking habits and antihypertensive drug treatment. BP control was considered optimal if BP was < 130/80 mmHg in patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease (CKD), if BP was < 125/75 mmHg in CKD with proteinuria > 1 g/24 hr and if BP was < 140/90 mmHg in patients with no comorbidity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between BP control and predictors. RESULTS Only 26.6% of patients had adequately controlled BP. Eighty-five percent of patients aged > 65 yrs had uncontrolled systolic hypertension. Univariate analysis showed a significant association between poor BP control and age >65 yrs, family history of hypertension, diabetes, CKD with or without proteinuria > 1 g/24 hr and total cholesterol > 220 mg/dL. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age > 65 yrs, diabetes and CKD with or without proteinuria > 1 g/24 hr were significantly and independently associated with poor BP control. CONCLUSIONS Inadequate hypertension control is a common cause for referral to our out-patient nephrology clinic. Our data confirm that elderly patients, diabetic patients and nephropathic patients are difficult to treat; and therefore, deserve the highest quality clinical attention.
Corporate restructuring and its effect on employee morale and performance

Vikas Chaddha (Professor, JEMTEC, Vikas.chaddha@gmail.com , 8882033978) Abstract: The organisations across the globe are facing more competitive markets, more demanding shareholders and more challenging workforce which has posed the challenges to the executives of the organisations to reorganise the firm. This restructuring has different impact at different levels on different times aiming at increasing cost efficiency and operational effectiveness. The impact of restructuring is often measured by the financial performance of the organisations but it is not measured by assessing its effect on the section which is most effected by implementation of any restructuring strategy that is human resources of that organisation. This paper is an attempt by the author to analyse the impact of the restructuring strategies on morale of employees of the organisation by measuring the change in factors that affect employee morale, pre and post restructuring.
The Marketing Role of Ipos: Evidence from Internet Stocks

This paper explores the potential marketing benefits of going public and of IPO underpricing. We examine the impact of IPO underpricing on website traffic, which is a direct measure of product market performance for internet firms. If underpricing attracts media attention and creates valuable publicity, we expect an increase in web traffic following the IPO. We find that web traffic growth in the month after the IPO is positively and significantly associated with initial returns, and the effect is economically significant. We also investigate media reaction to initial returns for a broader sample of IPOs. The results suggest that the marketing benefits of underpricing extend beyond the internet sector and the “hot issues” market of the late 1990s.
Investigation of Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer of Multilayered Structures in Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording

Near-field radiation effects in heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) are important to contribute the heat transfer and hence the flying ability at the head disk interface. Investigation of the near-field heat transfer is essential to optimize the head disk interface. An equivalent simulation model of the head disk interface for studying the radiative heat transfer is provided in this paper. Both the head shape and the magnetic properties of material are considered in this paper. The dyadic Green’s functions along with fluctuational electrodynamics as well as scatter matrix are employed to calculate the heat transfer at the head disk interface. The head is simplified as a nanosphere, while the disk is simplified as a semi-infinite multilayered structures, in which the thickness of all layers is in nanoscale. The results show that the near-field radiative heat transfer between the head and disk in HAMR can exceed the values predicted by the Planck blackbody calculation by a few orders of magnitude. The total power is found to exponentially increase when the distance between the head and disk decreases.
Is Poor Sanitation a Risk Factor for Developing Crohn's Disease?

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Botulinum toxin and blink rate in patients with blepharospasm and increased blinking

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of botulinum toxin (BoNT) on blink rate (BR) in patients with blepharospasm (BSP) and increased blinking (IB). Methods 37 patients with a clinical diagnosis of primary BSP (19 patients had tonic orbicularis oculi (OO) spasms and 18 patients had clonic OO spasms) and 8 patients with IB were included in this case-control study. All subjects underwent a standardised video protocol and clinical evaluation with a validated questionnaire designed to identify eye symptoms and Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI) before and 1 month after BoNT injection. BR was measured from the video recording before and after BoNT. BR in BSP and IB patients was compared with that from a group of healthy subjects and from a group of patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS). BR in HFS was also measured before and after BoNT. Results BR was increased in patients with IB and in BSP patients with clonic spasms but not in BSP patients with tonic spasms. BoNT reduced BR in patients with IB and in patients with clonic spasms, but not in patients with tonic spasms. BoNT left BR in patients with HFS unchanged. Changes in BR after BoNT were also independent of the presence of ocular symptoms. Despite the differential response of BR, BoNT significantly reduced BSDI in patients with BSP and IB. Conclusions BoNT differentially modulates BR in patients with BSP and IB depending on the baseline BR. BoNT injection reduces BR only when the blink generator is overactive, possibly influencing tear film retention.
Experimental mouse lethality of Escherichia coli isolates, in relation to accessory traits, phylogenetic group, and ecological source.

BACKGROUND Whether accessory traits, phylogenetic background, or ecological source best predicts extraintestinal virulence within Escherichia coli is undefined. METHODS A total of 90 E. coli strains (18 fecal isolates and 72 extraintestinal-infection isolates) were characterized for 55 accessory traits and phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, or D). Bacterial traits and ecological source were compared with experimental mouse lethality. RESULTS Of the 90 strains, 41% were "killers" (i.e., killed > or =90% of mice). By univariate analysis, multiple group B2-associated traits (including malX [pathogenicity-island marker], pap [P fimbriae] elements, usp [uropathogenic-specific protein], and fyuA [yersiniabactin system]) were most closely associated with killer status, followed by group B2 (or non-group A) status and then by nonfecal origin. Stepwise multivariate analysis identified pap, malX, usp, fyuA, and B2 (all of which were positive predictors) and ireA (which was a negative predictor) as significant predictors of killer status. Killer strains segregated significantly from nonkiller strains, according to accessory-trait profiles. Factorial analysis of correspondence placed group B2 among the traits most closely associated with killer status, but not as the closest. CONCLUSIONS Specific group B2-associated accessory traits are more potent predictors of experimental virulence among E. coli isolates than is either phylogenetic background or ecological source. Molecular typing can estimate an E. coli isolate's extraintestinal virulence potential, regardless of source.