Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Number of children associated with obesity in middle-aged women and men: results from the health and retirement study.

OBJECTIVE To study associations between number of children and obesity in middle-aged women and men. METHODS In the Health and Retirement Study, a national survey of households, we tested the association between increasing number of children and obesity (body mass index [BMI] >or= 30) in 9046 middle-aged women and men (4523 couples). RESULTS Women (n = 4523) who were obese were more frequently nonwhite, reported lower household income, were more frequently employed outside the home, were less frequently covered by health insurance, and were more frequently less educated compared with nonobese women. Men (n = 4523) who were obese were younger, were more frequently African American, and were more frequently less educated and poorer compared with nonobese men. Among women, a 7% increase in risk of obesity was noted for each additional child, adjusting for age, race, household income, work status, physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol use. Among men, a 4% increase in risk of obesity was noted for each additional child, adjusting for the same covariates. These sex differences were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Previous research has demonstrated an association between number of children and obesity among women. These results suggest a similar association among men. Public health interventions focused on obesity prevention should target both parents, especially those parents with several children.
Adalimumab for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, recurrent, debilitating skin disease of the hair follicle that usually presents after puberty with painful, deep-seated, inflamed lesions in the apocrine gland-bearing areas of the body, most commonly the axillae, inguinal and anogenital regions. A mean disease incidence of 6.0 per 100,000 persons-years and a varying prevalence of 0.05–1% have been reported worldwide. Areas covered: This manuscript summarizes the current evidence on chemistry, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, as well as clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of the currently approved biologic drug adalimumab in the treatment of active moderate to severe HS in adults. Active, inflammatory lesions are expected to improve following 12 weeks of adalimumab treatment. The therapeutic response is greater following the registered weekly adalimumab (40 mg sc) administration in all clinical studies compared with the other treatments. Safety results were consistent with the known adalimumab safety profile. Expert commentary: Active, inflammatory lesions of HS are expected to respond to weekly administered adalimumab treatment. However, non-inflammatory, scarring lesions cannot respond to it. In such cases a combination treatment with radical surgery is required.
Analysis of Urinary Prostate-Specific Antigen Glycoforms in Samples of Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Glycans of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer were found to be different from that in benign disease. It is difficult to analyze heterogeneous PSA glycoforms in each individual specimen because of low protein abundance and the limitation of detection sensitivity. We developed a method for prostate cancer diagnosis based on PSA glycoforms. Specific glycoforms were screened in each clinical sample based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with ion accumulation. To look for potential biomarkers, normalized abundance of each glycoform in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in prostate cancer was evaluated. The PSA glycoform, Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1, and monosialylated, sialylated, and unfucosylated glycoforms differed significantly between the prostate cancer and BPH samples. The detection sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (60%) for prostate cancer identification are higher than those of the serum PSA marker. As low as 100 amol PSA could be detected with the ion accumulation method which has not been reported before. The improved detection specificity can help reduce unnecessary examinations.
User acceptance of mobile health services from users’ perspectives: The role of self-efficacy and response-efficacy in technology acceptance

ABSTRACT With the swift emergence of electronic medical information, the global popularity of mobile health (mHealth) services continues to increase steadily. This study aims to investigate the efficacy factors that directly or indirectly influence individuals’ acceptance of mHealth services. Based on the technology acceptance model, this research incorporates efficacy factors into the acceptance decision process. A research model was proposed involving the direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy and response-efficacy on acceptance intention, along with their moderating effects. The model and hypotheses were validated using data collected from a field survey of 650 potential service users. The results reveal that: (1) self-efficacy and response-efficacy are both positively associated with perceived ease of use; and (2) self-efficacy and response-efficacy moderate the impact of perceived usefulness toward adoption intention. Self-efficacy and response-efficacy both play an important role in individuals’ acceptance of mHealth services, which not only affect their perceived ease of use of mHealth services, but also positively moderate the effects of perceived usefulness on adoption intention. Our findings serve to provide recommendations that are specifically customized for mHealth service providers and their marketers.
Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a potentially devastating injury, which can affect a multitude of systems. The most common etiologies are motor vehicle crashes, assault, falls, and sporting injuries. Other potential causes of loss of spinal function include neoplastic, vascular compromise, or genetic predisposition such as ankylosing spondylitis. Anatomically, the spinal cord is divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral levels. At each of these levels originate spinal nerves that maintain various physiologic functions. The level of injury will dictate the loss of what physiologic functions. Owing to this, the higher the level of injury, the more catastrophic the impediments would be. These physiologic functions include not only the neuromuscular system but also cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic and nutritional systems. Currently, there are over 250,000 people living with SCI in the United States. On average, there are about 10,000 new cases per year in the United States. About half of these injuries are at the cervical level and 40% of these will require some level of mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, 5% of those who require mechanical ventilation will require long-term mechanical ventilation. Owing to gains in medical care the average life expectancy of those with spinal cord injuries has increased over the last 40 years with an increase in those discharged ventilator dependent. Owing to this, the anesthesiologist should be familiar with the acute and chronic management of SCI.
Adult-onset otitis media with effusion.

OBJECTIVE To document the prevalence of adult-onset otitis media with effusion (OME), and to determine its causes, diagnostic approach, and therapeutic management. DESIGN A prospective study of 167 consecutive patients with adult-onset OME. Endoscopic examination of intranasal and nasopharyngeal structures with special attention to the eustachian tube orifices was performed in all patients. In 65 patients computed tomography of the skull base, neck, and paranasal sinuses was also performed. RESULTS Paranasal sinus disease, predominantly of the ethmoid system, was found to be the dominant causal factor in 110 patients (66%). Smoking-induced nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia and adult-onset adenoidal hypertrophy, two entities herein described, were the cause of OME in 15 patients (19%). Various other causes were found in 31 patients. Head and neck tumors, mainly nasopharyngeal carcinomas, were found in only eight patients (4.8%). The cause of adult-onset OME could not be determined in three patients (1.8%). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to common belief, adult-onset OME is not an uncommon disease. Nasendoscopy is the mainstay of diagnostic evaluation in most patients. Computed tomography is also an important tool in most selected cases. Appropriate treatment of sinusitis resulted in resolution of OME in most patients. Sinusitis is the most common causal factor of adult-onset OME, but nasopharyngeal and parapharyngeal space-occupying lesions should be ruled out in all cases.
Idiosyncratic Information , Moral Hazard and Risk Premium ∗

While much accounting information is idiosyncratic in nature, economy-wide factors such as accounting standards affect the quality of idiosyncratic accounting information of many firms simultaneously. We study these two features of accounting information by embedding a parsimonious, moral hazard problem into the framework of a multi-firm economy in which project choices are endogenous to accounting information. In our model moral hazard distorts the sharing of idiosyncratic risk but does not affect the sharing of systematic risk. We extend this insight to achieve two results. First, the reduction in the risk premium for idiosyncratic risk is not captured by the risk premium of traded shares. Second, an economy-wide improvement in idiosyncratic information quality reduces the risk premium for idiosyncratic risk but increases the risk premium for systematic risk. Thus, its overall effect on the total risk premium depends on firms’risk profiles. JEL recognition: G12, G14, G31, M41
Percutaneous imaging-guided solid organ core needle biopsy: coaxial versus noncoaxial method.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to compare the diagnostic yield and complication rate of coaxial technique with those of noncoaxial technique in percutaneous imaging-guided renal and hepatic core biopsies. We also compared bleeding complication rates with and without absorbable gelatin sponge occlusion of the biopsy track. MATERIALS AND METHODS The records of 1,060 consecutively registered patients who underwent percutaneous imaging-guided hepatic or renal biopsy at two hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Core specimens were obtained in all biopsies. Indications for biopsy included acquisition of general tissue specimens to evaluate for hepatic (n = 495) or renal disease (n = 243) and acquisition of specimens of specific hepatic (n = 289) and renal (n = 33) lesions. Samples were acquired with a coaxial set of needles (n = 764) or with a noncoaxial needle (n = 296 patients). Absorbable gelatin sponge was injected before removal of the outer needle in 269 of the 764 coaxial biopsies. Gelatin sponge was not injected in the other 495 coaxial biopsies. Complication rates were evaluated in a comparison of the two methods and of the coaxial biopsies with and without postprocedural injection of gelatin sponge. Complications were considered minor if follow-up imaging in the 7 days after the procedure showed a complication that did not necessitate treatment other than conservative pain management. Complications were considered major if treatment such as blood product transfusion or surgery was needed or if the patient died. RESULTS Specimens were immediately given to a pathologist, who typically was present during the procedure. Specimens were evaluated and judged adequate for a specific diagnosis by the histopathology staff. The rates of minor complications were 3.4% (10/296) for the noncoaxial method and 2.6% (20/764) for the coaxial method. The rates of major complications were 1.0% (3/296) for the noncoaxial method and 0.9% (7/764) for the coaxial method. Six cases of major complications necessitating blood product transfusion were documented for the coaxial method and one case for the noncoaxial method. One (0.1%) of the patients undergoing coaxial biopsy died. One patient undergoing noncoaxial biopsy needed surgical repair of an arterial injury that was refractory to blood transfusion, and another developed pancreatitis and needed a blood transfusion. The percentage of minor complications of the coaxial method with absorbable gelatin sponge injection was 3.7% (10/269), and that of major complications was 0.7% (2/269). There was no statistical difference in complication rates between the various methods of percutaneous hepatic and renal biopsy. CONCLUSION In regard to complications, there are no differences between coaxial and noncoaxial biopsy methods or between the coaxial method with or without injection of absorbable gelatin sponge.
Lesion studies targeting food‐anticipatory activity

Behavior ablation remains a powerful, if not cutting‐edge, approach for localization of function within the nervous system. The initial discovery of the suprachiasmatic nuclei as the site of the mammalian light‐entrainable circadian pacemaker is owed to this approach. Food‐anticipatory activity (FAA), an output of a putative feeding‐entrainable circadian pacemaker, is a behavior that has been surprisingly resilient to elimination by surgical lesion. Here we review this literature, with particular attention paid to recent studies aimed at defining the role of the dorsomedial hypothalamus in the generation of FAA. This literature is fraught with examples of inconsistent results among lesion studies, which in some cases can be accounted for by varied endpoint measures. The site of the feeding‐entrainable circadian pacemaker, if it resides in a discrete structure at all, remains unknown.
Relational Vulnerabilities of Incarcerated and Reentry Mothers

A qualitative study involving a follow-up interview with 10 incarcerated and reentry mothers in rural southwest and central Virginia was conducted to explore the influence that women’s close relationships have on their reentry experiences with their families. The Vulnerability Conceptual Model (VCM) was used to sensitize an examination of how incarcerated and reentry mothers negotiate relational vulnerabilities in the context of varying situational vulnerability. Grounded theory analysis revealed three themes that characterized relational vulnerabilities. Given our focus on close relationships and the potential of the VCM to identify opportunities for resilience and vulnerability, we highlighted the influence of ambiguous and ambivalent relationships and unresolved loss and grief due to relationship dissolution or the death of a parent, sibling, child, or intimate partner in the reentry process. The data revealed two types of reentry mothers with divergent trajectories for social reintegration. Implications of these types for therapeutic treatment approaches for reentry women are discussed.
Effect of genetic variability on the inflammatory response to periodontal infection.

AIM To review the association between genetic variability and the inflammatory response induced by periodontal infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of MEDLINE-PubMed was performed from January 2000 up to and including March 2005. The search included all types of publications, published in English without other limitations. The following search terms were used: "cytokine polymorphism", "gene polymorphism", "periodontitis", "gingivitis", "inflammation" and "host-response". The papers resulting from the above search were used as an additional source for relevant articles. RESULTS Genetic variability was examined for the correlation to clinical indicators of inflammation such as bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival inflammation, cytokine in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and cytokine production by inflammatory cells. According to the current literature, most of the studies found no association between genetic variability and BOP, gingival inflammation or cytokine concentrations in the GCF. These studies were hampered by inappropriate study designs and the use of inflammatory parameters as secondary rather than primary outcome variables. The data suggest that the production of inflammatory mediators by inflammatory cells may be affected by different genetic traits but further studies are needed in order to establish this association. CONCLUSIONS To date, there is no clear correlation between any of the gene polymorphisms and clinical indicators of inflammation. The powering of studies to reveal associations between single or multiple nucleotide polymorphisms and inflammatory parameters will need to involve a much larger number of subjects than were used in the past. The available data (including the interleukin-1 composite genotype) do not currently support the utility of such tests in the diagnosis and prognostic assessments of periodontal diseases.
Retrial Queueing Models: A Survey on Theory and Applications

Retrial phenomenon naturally arises in various systems such as call centers, cellular networks and random access protocols in local area networks. This paper gives a comprehensive survey on theory and applications of retrial queues in these systems. We investigate the state of the art of the theoretical researches including exact solutions, stability, asymptotic analyses and multidimensional models. We present an overview on retrial models arising from real world applications. Some open problems and promising research directions are also discussed.
Ocorrência da dor nos pacientes oncológicos em cuidado paliativo

Objective: Evaluating the occurrence of pain and quality of life among cancer patients in palliative care. Methods: Cross-sectional study including 56 cancer patients in palliative care evaluated for reported pain (verbal, numerical and visual scales), analgesic treatment (adjuvants, weak opioids, strong opioids or non-opioids) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: Most patients (n = 53, 94.6%) used some type of analgesic drug and just over half (n = 30, 53.7%) reported pain. Considering the quality of life as consequence of pain intensity (mild, moderate or intense), treated with painkillers or not, it was observed that intense pain - the most common - had the worst score for the Physical domain. On the other hand, the Environment domain showed the highest score (77.4), regardless of reported pain or analgesic use. Conclusion: The results showed that the occurrence of pain affects the quality of life and compromises the daily life activities.
Sti1 Is a Non-competitive Inhibitor of the Hsp90 ATPase

The molecular chaperone Hsp90 is known to be involved in the activation of key regulatory proteins such as kinases, steroid hormone receptors, and transcription factors in an ATP-dependent manner. During the chaperone cycle, Hsp90 has been found associated with the partner protein Hop/Sti1, which seems to be required for the progression of the cycle. However, little is known about its specific function. Here we have investigated the interaction of Sti1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Hsp90 and its influence on the ATPase activity. We show that the inhibitory mechanism of Sti1 on the ATPase activity of Hsp90 is non-competitive. Sti1 binds to the N- and C-terminal part of Hsp90 and prevents the N-terminal dimerization reaction that is required for efficient ATP hydrolysis. The first 24 amino acids of Hsp90, a region shown previously to be important for the association of the N-terminal domains and stimulation of ATP hydrolysis, seems to be important for this interaction.
A Model of Workloads and Its Use in Miss-Rate Prediction for Fully Associative Caches

A mathematical model for the behavior of programs or workloads is presented and from it is extracted the miss ratio of a finite, fully associative cache (or other first-level memory) using least-recently-used replacement under those workloads. To obtain miss ratios, the function u(t, L), defined to be the number of unique lines of size L referenced before time t, is modeled. Empirical observations show that this function appears to have the form u(t, L)=(W L/sup a/t/sup b/) (d/sup log/ /sup L log t/) where W, a, b, d are constants that are related, respectively, to the working set size, locality of references to nearby addresses (spatial locality), temporal locality (locality in time not attributable to spatial locality), and interactions between spatial locality and temporal locality. The miss ratio of a finite fully associative cache can be approximated as the time derivative of u(t, L) evaluated where the function has a value equal to the size of the cache. When the miss ratios from this model are compared to measured miss ratios for a representative trace, the accuracy is high for large caches. For smaller caches, the model is close but not highly precise. >
Inhalation kinetics of C6 to C10 aliphatic, aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons in rat after repeated exposures.

The toxicokinetic properties of C6 to C10 n-alkanes, aromates and naphthenes have been investigated in rats during inhalation of 100 p.p.m. of the single hydrocarbons for 3 days, 12 hr/day. The concentration of hydrocarbon was measured by head space gas chromatography in blood, brain, liver, kidneys and perirenal fat at days 1, 2 and 3, immediately after termination of exposure and 12 hr after exposure on day 3. The main conclusions drawn from the study were: a) Aromatic hydrocarbons show high concentrations in blood and low concentrations in organs. b) Naphthenic hydrocarbons show low concentrations in blood and high concentrations in organs. c) n-Alkanes show very low concentrations in blood, relatively high concentrations in brain and a high potential for accumulation in fat with repeated exposures. d) Biological concentrations of hydrocarbons within one class increase in general with increasing molecular weight, though with specific exceptions. e) Accumulation is obviously influenced by differences in metabolism and enzyme induction potential. f) Lipid solubility is not the only parameter relevant for the evaluation of hydrocarbon accumulation.
Consumer storage period and temperature for peanut butter and their effects on survival of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Recent recurrence of Salmonella contamination of peanut butter has become a serious food safety concern for consumers. A study was conducted to identify storage periods and temperature conditions of peanut butter in domestic kitchens and to determine the effects of those storage periods and conditions on survival of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:h7. Surveys assessed consumer storage periods of peanut butter in 150 households in Middle Tennessee. To simulate consumers’ peanut butter storage conditions, Salmonella and E. coli O157:h7 were inoculated in peanut butter and held at 4 and 25 o C for
ACCUMULATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN HAIR , PLASMA AND MILK OF CATTLE AND BUFFALOES GRAZING BERSEEM OR REED PLANTS IN EGYPT

Twenty four dairy cows and buffaloes were divided in two locations with 6 dairy cows and 6 dairy buffaloes in each. The animals in the first location were fed on berseem irrigated by Nile water, while in the second location (Burullus Lake) they were kept on reed plants. The obtained results showed that the contents of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, copper, nikel, aluminum, arsenic and mercury) in reed plants were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in berseem. The concentrations of heavy metals in hair, plasma and milk of cattle and buffaloes grazing on reed plants were significantly higher (P<0.01) than that in those fed berseem. Moreover, the concentrations of heavy metals in hair were significantly higher (P<0.05) in cattle than buffaloes, while the concentrations of heavy metals in plasma and milk were significantly higher (P<0.05) in buffaloes than cattle. It could be concluded that grazing cattle and buffaloes on reed plants in Burullus Lake led to higher accumulation of heavy metals in their hair, plasma and milk, causing possible hazardous effect on human health.