Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Öğretmenliği İle Sınıf Öğretmenliği Programı Öğrencilerinin Akademik Başarılarını Etkileyen Faktörler

Bu arastirmanin amaci, bilgisayar ve ogretim teknolojileri ogretmenligi (BOTE) ile sinif ogretmenligi (SO) programlarinda okuyan son sinif ogrencilerinin akademik basarilarinin onemli yordayicilarini belirlemektir. Korelasyonel turden bir calisma olan bu arastirma, Ankara Universitesi ve Gazi Universitesi'nde okuyan 65 bilgisayar ve ogretim teknolojileri ogretmenligi ve 201 sinif ogretmenligi ogrencisini kapsamaktadir. Veriler, anket uygulanarak ve fakulte ogrenci isleri kayitlarindan elde edilmistir. Ogrencilerin universitedeki akademik basarilarini aciklamada en uygun regresyon esitligini elde etmek icin asamali coklu regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Arastirma bulgulari, BOTE ogrencileri icin lise bitirme derecesi ve sosyal uyumun; SO ogrencileri icin akademik uyum, universite giris puani (OYS), cinsiyet, kalinan yer, sosyal uyum ve lise bitirme derecesi degiskenlerinin akademik basarinin onemli yordayicilari oldugunu gostermistir.
Dispersion analysis of resonance cone behaviour in magnetically anisotropic transmission-line metamaterials

We apply a periodic dispersion analysis to the study of two-dimensional, anisotropic transmission-line (TL) metamaterials that, although electrically isotropic, possess magnetic anisotropy in the effective medium limit. It is shown that these structures can be designed to exhibit hyperbolic dispersion surfaces in phase space, and resonance cones, akin to those observed by K.G. Balmain et al., in real space. Full-wave simulations demonstrate that these resonance cones can be made to refract negatively at, and to focus through, an interface between two anisotropic TL metamaterials whose axes are mutually transposed by 90 degrees.
Further Evidence for Treatment of Recalcitrant Neuropathy of the Upper Limb With Autologous Vein Wrapping

AbstractThe treatment of entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity with surgical decompression has generally provided good results. Recurrence of symptoms, however, is not uncommon, and its management is both challenging and difficult. Autologous vein graft wrapping is an alternative technique, and it is recommended for the treatment of recalcitrant upper limb nerve compression in which 2 or more previous surgical procedures have failed to resolve the problem. Each patient underwent both subjective and objective evaluation. To our knowledge, this is the largest reported single series of vein wrapping cases in the upper limb outside the United States and the first to report results using the well-validated patient evaluation measure.
Behaviour and school performance after brain injury

Primary objective: To examine the relationship between behavioural problems and school performance following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods and procedures: Subjects: 67 school-age children with TBI (35 mild, 13 moderate, 19 severe) and 14 uninjured matched controls. Parents and children were interviewed at a mean of 2 years post-TBI. Teachers reported on academic performance and educational needs. Children were assessed using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales (VABS) and the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III). Main outcomes and results: Two-thirds of children with TBI exhibited significant behavioural problems, significantly more than controls (p = 0.02). Children with behavioural problems had a mean IQ ∼ 15 points lower than those without (p = 0.001, 95% CI: 7–26.7). At school, 76%(19) of children with behavioural problems also had difficulties with schoolwork. Behavioural problems were associated with social deprivation and parental marital status (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: Children with TBI are at risk of developing behavioural problems which may affect school performance. Children with TBI should be screened to identify significant behavioural problems before they return to school.
Section IV: Significance of Recent Study Results and Future Research Directions in Gastrointestinal Oncology.

R ecent drug approvals in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers for the fully human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody panitumumab in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), the EGFR tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor in pancreatic cancer, in advanced gastric The . R esults of recent clinical trials in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been disappointing. A phase II trial of the oral vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor AZD2171 was terminat-ed at interim analysis, with no responses observed and grade 3 fatigue reported in 47% of patients. 1 A phase III trial conducted in Hong Kong, of doxorubicin vs. PIAF (Platinol [cisplatin]/interferon-α 2b, Adriamycin [doxorubicin], and 5-FU) in 188 patients showed improved response rates with PIAF (19% vs. 9%; stable disease in 35% vs. 37%), but no survival difference. 2 A phase III trial compared the pure thymidylate synthase inhibitor nolatrexed vs. doxorubicin in 445 CLIP (Cancer of the Liver Italian Program)-stratified HCC patients. 3 Complete response was seen in 0.5% nalotrexed vs. 0.5% doxorubicin patients; partial response in 0.5% vs. 2.2%; and stable disease in 44% vs. 41%. Survival was significantly worse in nolatrexed-treated patients. The median OS of 31 weeks with doxorubicin in this population with good performance status is a useful survival benchmark for future studies. A phase II trial of sorafenib in 137 patients showed partial response in 2.2%, minor response in 5.8%, and OS of 9.2 months. 4 A randomized phase II trial is assessing the addition of sorafenib to doxorubicin. The phase III trial of sorafenib vs. placebo, reported in abstract form only, has demonstrated a survival improvement in highly selected HCC patients with Child-Pugh A cirrhosis.
Who best to make the assessment? Professionals’ and families’ classifications of gross motor function in cerebral palsy are highly consistent

Aim: To determine the reliability of family assessment for the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) for children with cerebral palsy in the UK. Methods: Families of a complete geographically defined population of children with cerebral palsy between 6 and 12 years old were identified from the 4Child epidemiological database. Postal surveys were conducted with the families and any of the child’s health professionals that were nominated by the families. Results: Families of 129/314 eligible children took part in the study (41%). The indices of agreement and reliability between families and professionals were also equivalent to those observed between the professionals (κ = 0.5, ICC ⩾0.9). Reliability coefficients were higher when more of the professionals classified children using direct observation rather than only reviewing their clinical records. Conclusions: Despite excellent reliability, families and professionals did not always agree exactly on a child’s GMFCS level. Classifications may differ due to children’s varying performance in different environments, in which case families will almost certainly know their children’s ability in a broader range of settings. The indices of reliability of family assessment for the GMFCS meet the recommended criteria for use with individuals and groups, indicating that the method is suitable for use in research studies and clinical practice.
Monomer‐trimer equilibrium of the ectodomain of SIV gp41: Insight into the mechanism of peptide inhibition of HIV infection

The monomer‐trimer equilibrium of the ectodomain of SIV gp41 (residues 27–149, e‐gp41) has been characterized by analytical ultracentrifugation, circular dichroism (CD), and NMR spectroscopy. Based on analytical ultracentrifugation experiments performed at different rotor speeds and protein concentrations, the equilibrium association constant for the SIV e‐gp41 trimer is 3.1 × 1011 M−2. The presence of intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effects in a mixture of 12C and 13C‐labeled e‐gp41 prepared under nondenaturing conditions unambiguously demonstrates that there is a dynamic equilibrium between the monomer and trimer. The CD spectra taken as a function of SIV e‐gp41 concentration suggest that the helical content of the monomeric state does not change significantly relative to that of the trimeric state. The relevance of the monomer‐trimer equilibrium is discussed with respect to gp41 function and the inhibitory properties of gp41 peptides.
SHORT COMMUNICATION COMPOUND HETEROZYGOSITY FOR Hb E AND Hb LEPORE-HOLLANDIA IN INDIA; FIRST REPORT AND POTENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC PITFALLS

5 A compound heterozygous state of Hb E [b26(B8)Glu! Lys] with Hb Lepore is rare with very few cases reported in the literature. This report describes the first such case from India. The clinical features and hemoglobin (Hb) analysis mimic Hb E-b-thalassemia (thal) but with a mild phenotype. Detection was made possible in this case because DNA analysis gave discrepant results suggestive of homozygous Hb E. As this was inconsistent with the clinical phenotype and Hb analysis, further evaluation was undertaken that confirmed the presence of Hb Lepore. This study shows that cases of Hb E/Lepore may remain undetected unless family studies and/or detailed DNA analyses in patients diagnosed to have Hb E-b-thal are performed
Statistical study of lion roar emissions observed by the cluster spacecraft

Lion roars are intense narrow-band whistler-mode emissions with typical frequencies about 100 Hz. They are frequently occurring in the Earth's magnetosheath. They are thought to be generated by local electron temperature instabilities. The four CLUSTER spacecraft allow us to study the Earth's magnetospehere and its interaction with the solar wind in three dimensions. We have identified about 5000 time-frequency intervals containing the lion roar emissions during 2001 and 2005 in the data of the Spatio Temporal Analysis Field Fluctuations - Spectral Analyzer (STAFF-SA). We present results of a statistical study of Lion roar's spatial, frequency and wave power distribution. We have found that Lion roars are more often observed on the dawn side than on the dusk side of the magnetosheath. We have investigated the orientation of Poyting vector directions of Lion roars calculated from measured spectral matrices using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD).
Lithospheric velocity structure of the New Madrid Seismic Zone: A joint teleseismic and local P tomographic study

The enigmatic seismicity in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) has been attributed to some abnormal lithospheric structure, including the presence of dense mafic intrusions and a low‐viscosity lower crust. However, the area's detailed lithospheric structure remains unclear. Here we invert 2,056 teleseismic P and 12,226 local P first arrival times from a recent nine‐year dataset to infer the lithospheric velocity structure beneath the NMSZ. Our results show that the seismically active zone is associated with a local, NE–SW trending low‐velocity anomaly in the lower crust and upper mantle, instead of high‐velocity intrusive bodies proposed in previous studies. The low‐velocity anomaly is on the edge of a high‐velocity lithospheric block, consistent with the notion of stress concentration near rheological boundaries. This lithospheric weak zone may shift stress to the upper crust when loaded, thus leading to repeated shallow earthquakes.
Commentary to the article "Coronary computed tomography angiography for the assessment of SYNTAX score".

We read with great interest the article written by Wolny et al. “Coronary computed tomography angiography for the assessment of SYNTAX score”, which was recently published in “Kardiologia Polska” (doi 10.5603/KP.a2015.0135) [1]. The authors found that coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) had a good reliability in detection of significant coronary lesions and assessment of SYNTAX score, showing a good correlation with the results of invasive coronary angiography [1]. The study is well written, and the authors should be congratulated for their results. However, after studying the patient data we have several comments regarding this article. It is well known that a high calcium score precludes a good quality CCTA image. The presence of extensive calcification in the coronary arteries makes it very difficult to analyse the presence and severity of coronary stenoses by CCTA, and a high calcium score (above 1000 Agatson units) usually represents an indication for invasive coronary angiography [2]. Due to the difficulty in providing accurate information related to coronary circulation, estimation of the CCTA-derived SYNTAX score would be extremely difficult in these patients with high calcium score. At the same time, the presence of severe calcifications is frequently encountered in patients with a high SYNTAX score (above 32), which represented a minority in the population in this study (3.3% in the case of invasive coronary angiography-calculated SYNTAX score, and 4.4% in the case of CCTA-calculated SYNTAX score). Therefore, we can assume that the population with extensive coronary calcifications is under-represented in this study, and the reliability of CCTA for estimation of the SYNTAX score could be lower in cases with severe calcification in the coronary tree. Other studies also reported inferior agreement coefficients between ICA and CCTA in cases with high SYNTAX scores [3]. Invasive coronary angiography could remain, in our opinion, a superior method to estimate the severity of coronary lesions based on the SYNTAX score in cases with heavy calcifications of the coronary artery walls. The study is well designed and leads to important conclusions that could influence clinical practice. However, we believe that development of the study in order to enrol more patients with severe coronary artery disease, extensive calcification, and high SYNTAX scores by invasive coronary angiography could help to further elucidate the role of CCTA for estimation of the SYNTAX score in different clinical settings.
Rapidly growing rumen methanogenic organism that synthesizes coenzyme M and has a high affinity for formate

Methanogenic bacteria with a coccobacillus morphology similar to Methanobrevibacter ruminantium were isolated from the bovine rumen. One isolate, 10-16B, represented a previously undescribed rumen population that, unlike M. ruminantium, synthesized coenzyme M, grew rapidly (mu = 0.24 h-1) on H2-CO2 in a complex medium, had simple nutritional requirements, and metabolized formate at reported rumen concentrations. H2 was metabolized to partial pressures 10-fold lower than those reported for the rumen. After H2 starvation for 26 h, strain 10-16B rapidly resumed growth when H2 was made available. The minimum concentrations of acetate (6 mM) and ammonia (less than 7 mM) that were required for optimal growth were lower than the reported acetate and ammonia concentrations in the rumen. Isoleucine and leucine stimulated growth, but only at concentrations (greater than 50 microM) higher than those reported for the rumen. Another coccobacillary methanogenic organism that synthesized coenzyme M was isolated from a different animal as were organisms that required an exogenous supply of coenzyme M. In general, methanogenic bacteria that required an exogenous supply of coenzyme M had lower maximum growth rates and more complex nutritional requirements than organisms that synthesized the cofactor. The ability of all isolates to metabolize formate below the detection limit of 10 microM indicated that, in contrast to previous reports, methanogenic bacteria have the potential to directly metabolize formate in the rumen. This study demonstrated that there are physiologically diverse populations of coccobacillary methanogenic bacteria in the rumen that can interact competitively and cooperatively.
The professional preparation of Malaysian teachers in the implementation of teaching and learning of Mathematics and Science in English

Malaysia is in the process of changing the medium of instruction for mathematics and science from Malay to English since 2003. To ensure the success of this transition, teachers have to be professional prepared to teach in English. This research aimed to survey the Malaysian science/ mathematics teachers’ perception towards this professional preparation effort. An instrument called “Teachers Perception Towards the Professional Preparation to Teach Mathematics/Science in English” was developed. The samples were 72 Form One mathematics/science teachers in Malaysia. The research revealed that the teachers perceived that their pre-service training (M = 2.90, SD = .57) and the in-service training (M = 2.99, SD = .62) is adequate in their professional preparation. However, the teachers perceived that there is a need (M = 3.18, SD = .82) for enhancing their professional readiness to teach mathematics/science in English. Further analysis revealed that 44.3 % of the sample reported that their pre-service training could not develop their confidence in English speaking and after the in-service training 31.4% of the teachers still reported the same. About 84.7 % of the teachers also reported the need for training on helping students to learn in English. The findings showed that although the teachers perceived they are professionally prepared to teach mathematics/science in English, they still need more preparation in overcoming students’ difficulties in learning the subjects in English especially for students who are weak in English or mathematics/science or both.
Clinical Features, Morbidity, and Risk Factors of Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Retrospective Case-control Study

Objective. To analyze the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors for systemic lupus erythematosus-related intestinal pseudo-obstruction (SLE-IPO). Methods. We retrospectively examined 85 patients with SLE with IPO as the case group and 255 randomly matched patients with SLE without any gastrointestinal manifestations as the control group, out of 4331 inpatients at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from 2003 to 2014. Results. Over the last 11 years at PUMCH, the prevalence of IPO in patients with SLE was 1.96% and the in-hospital fatality rate was 7.1%. Of these patients, 57.6% presented with IPO as the initial affected system of SLE, and the rate of misdiagnosis was about 78%. Pyeloureterectasis was the most common complication (58.9%) in patients with SLE-IPO and the incidence of biliary tract dilation was 7.1%. Patients with SLE with IPO were always diagnosed at an earlier stage of SLE with a higher frequency of hematological disturbance, polyserositis, and hypocomplementemia. Pyeloureterectasis, hypocomplementemia, and elevated C-reactive protein levels in serum were independent risk factors for IPO in SLE disease. Patients with SLE-IPO with long IPO duration and those diagnosed during late stages of SLE or concurrent with pyeloureterectasis and megacholedochus always had an unfavorable outcome. Conclusion. IPO is a rare complication, but commonly presents as the initial affected system of SLE, which can lead to a difficult diagnosis and delayed treatment. SLE-IPO occurrence concomitantly with pyeloureterectasis and megacholedochus showed a severe clinical situation in our cohort. Thus, patients with SLE-IPO with systemic smooth muscular involvement should be diagnosed early and treated aggressively.
Number-word sequence skill and arithmetic performance.

In two studies, the role of the number-word sequence skill for arithmetic performance was investigated. In the first, children between 4 and 8 years of age were asked to count forward and backward on the number-word sequence and to solve arithmetic problems followed by post-solution interviews about solution procedures. The results demonstrated that the number-word sequence skill predicted both number of problems solved and strategy to solve the problems. In Study 2 it was found that solving doubles (e.g., 2 + 2 = ? ) problems served as a link between the number-word sequence skill and the number of arithmetic problems solved. The findings suggest that counting on the number-word sequence may be an early solution procedure and that, with increasing counting skill, the child may detect regularities in the number-word sequence that can be used to form new and more accurate strategies for solving arithmetic problems.
The Ethics of Criminal Justice Policy Making

Policy making on criminal justice issues including crime control takes place at many different levels in society, ranging from the local community that introduces a neighborhood watch program to the formulation of strategies at the national level after debate in Congress. Policy makers at these different levels must make choices and analyze options, and in determining the approach to follow they should take into account any ethical aspects involved in their plans and proposals. The policymaking process involves predicting certain future conditions assuming an uninterrupted flow of events, projecting the future implications of a particular course of action, identifying a preferred outcome from a set of available choices, generating a program or policy that will result in the preferred outcome, and creating an adequate monitoring system (Meehan 1990: 41). In considering how particular policies are justified, Reamer (1986: 224) identifies three grounds, which he calls “ideological,” “empirical,” and “ethical. ” Policy made on ideological grounds argues that certain policies are desirable because they fit a set of assumptions that may be based on religious beliefs, practice, or even basic intuition. For example, an argument that spending on social services should be decreased may be founded on the ideological assumption that historically, America has stressed minimum government intervention in the lives of citizens. Empirical grounds relate to science and research and to what is known from that research about the likely outcome of a particular policy. For example, a policy concerned with subsidizing childcare might draw on research evidence that shows that mothers who are able to take advantage of childcare are more likely to seek work, and therefore less likely to want assistance for their dependent children. In contrast to these grounds, those based on ethical grounds rely on conclusions drawn from an CHAPTER 7
Zonula Occludens Toxin Acts as an Adjuvant through Different Mucosal Routes and Induces Protective Immune Responses

ABSTRACT Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) is produced by Vibrio cholerae and has the ability to increase mucosal permeability by reversibly affecting the structure of tight junctions. Because of this property, Zot is a promising tool for mucosal drug and antigen (Ag) delivery. Here we show that Zot acts as a mucosal adjuvant to induce long-lasting and protective immune responses upon mucosal immunization of mice. Indeed, the intranasal delivery of ovalbumin with two different recombinant forms of Zot in BALB/c mice resulted in high Ag-specific serum immunoglobulin G titers that were maintained over the course of a year. Moreover, His-Zot induced humoral and cell-mediated responses to tetanus toxoid in C57BL/6 mice and protected the mice against a systemic challenge with tetanus toxin. In addition, we found that Zot also acts as an adjuvant through the intrarectal route and that it has very low immunogenicity compared to the adjuvant Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. Finally, by using an octapeptide representing the putative binding site of Zot and of its endogenous analogue zonulin, we provide evidence that Zot may bind a mucosal receptor on nasal mucosa and may mimic an endogenous regulator of tight junctions to deliver Ags in the submucosa. In conclusion, Zot is a novel and effective mucosal adjuvant that may be useful for the development of mucosal vaccines.