Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection (Caseous Lymphadenitis) in Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Jordan

Problem statement: This study was conducted to describe and report for the first time outbreaks of natural C.pseudotuberculosis infection in adult camel herds (Camelus dromedarius) in Jordan. An infectious disease syndrome was reported in three camel herds (Camelus dromedarius) intensively raised at south province in Jordan. Approach: The herds included over 160 adult camels out of which about 8% were affected with multiple muscle and subcutaneous abscesses at various sites of the body. The camels were also heavily infested with ticks. Results: The infected camels did not respond favorably to several broad spectrum antibiotics. Post-mortem examination of 5 carcasses revealed emaciation and presence of external and internal multiple abscesses particularly in the lungs. The abscesses were encapsulated by fibrous tissue and contained creamy yellowish white pus. The lymph nodes were slightly congested and swollen. Conclusion: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis type I strain or biovar ovis (the known cause of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep) was isolated from pus, lymph nodes, ticks, milk, blood and liver samples. The clinical symptoms, nature and distribution of lesions of caseous lymphadenitis in camels are not as typical as in sheep. Recommendations for pseudotuberculosis control were given.
Generation of 5-Gbps QPSK signal using directly modulated RSOA for 100-km coherent WDM PON

We generate the QPSK signal by utilizing the chirp characteristics of the directly modulated RSOA for the high-speed coherent WDM PON. In addition, we demonstrate the error-free transmission of the 5-Gbps QPSK signal generated by using this technique over 100-km long fiber link without using any optical amplifiers and electronic equalizers.
Leptospirosis in dogs: a retrospective study of seven clinical cases in Belgium

Recent information regarding clinical leptospirosis in Europe is sparse in comparison with information about this disease in the United States and certain other countries. A retrospective study describing seven clinical cases of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis on the basis of a MAT (Microscopic Agglutination Test), serology or autopsy at the Department of Medicine and Clinical Biology of Small Animals, Ghent University between Januarv 2003 and October 2005 is presented. All the dogs had non-specific clinical signs and presented with acute renal failure, with or without signs of liver insufficiency and/or bleeding tendencies. In the three dogs in which a MAT was performed, the highest antibody titers were found against Leptospira serogroup Pomona (n=2) and Javanica (n=1). It is recommended to treat every patient with clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities of acute renal failure without a known cause with penicillin derivatives until specific testing confirms or rules out leptospirosis.
Contrasting Responses in the Niches of Two Coral Reef Herbivores Along a Gradient of Habitat Disturbance in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia

Habitat modification of coral reefs is becoming increasingly common due to increases in coastal urban populations. Coral reef fish are highly dependent on benthic habitat; however, information on species-specific responses to habitat change, in particular with regard to trophic strategies, remains scarce. This study identifies variation in the trophic niches of two herbivorous coral reef fishes with contrasting trophic strategies, using Stable Isotopes Bayesian Ellipses in R, along a spatial gradient of changing coral reef habitats. In the parrotfish, Chlorurus bleekeri, a roving consumer, the range of 15N (positive) and 13C (negative) and their niche area (positive) displayed significant relationships with the amount of rubble in the habitat. In contrast, the farming damselfish, Dischistodus prosopotaenia, showed a narrow range of both 15N and 13C, displaying little change in niche parameters among sites. This may indicate that parrotfish vary their feeding according to habitat, while the damselfish continue to maintain their turf and invertebrate resources. Assessing isotopic niches may help to better understand the specific trophic responses to change in the environment. Furthermore, the use of isotopic niches underline the utility of stable isotopes in studying the potential impacts of environmental change on feeding ecology.
Recreational Demand for Equestrian Trail-Riding

Using data collected from a combination of on-site and on-line surveys, this study examines recreational demand for equestrian trail-riding in Kentucky. A truncated, negative binomial regression is applied to analyze individuals’ visitation behavior consistent with a travel cost model. Results suggest that distance is the most significant determinant of average annual visits to a particular site. Various trail site characteristics, such as trail length, scenic overlooks, and trail markers, affect the number of visits an individual takes. Geographic information system (GIS) analysis permits the identification of equestrian population centers. Information obtained from this study offers a decision base for policymakers to use to manage existing equestrian trails and locate new ones.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A PILOT SAMPLE OF SPECTROSCOPIC CLOSE PAIR GALAXIES AT z ∼ 2

We use Hubble Space Telescope Wide-field Camera 3 rest-frame optical imaging to select a pilot sample of star-forming galaxies in the redshift range z = 2.00–2.65 whose multi-component morphologies are consistent with expectations for major mergers. We follow up this sample of major merger candidates with Keck/NIRSPEC long-slit spectroscopy obtained in excellent seeing conditions (FWHM ∼0.5 arcsec) to obtain Hα-based redshifts of each of the morphological components in order to distinguish spectroscopic pairs from false pairs created by projection along the line of sight. Of the six candidate pairs observed, companions (estimated mass ratios 5:1 and 7:1) are detected for two galaxies down to a 3 &sgr; ? > limiting emission-line flux of ∼ 10 − 17 ? > erg s−1 cm−2. This detection rate is consistent with a ∼50% false-pair fraction at such angular separations (1–2 arcsec) and with recent claims that the star formation rate (SFR) can differ by an order of magnitude between the components in such mergers. The two spectroscopic pairs identified have a total SFR, SFR surface densities, and stellar masses consistent on average with the overall z ∼ 2 ? > star-forming galaxy population.
Impact of China’s WTO Accession on Rural-Urban Income Inequality

Many fear China’s accession to WTO will impoverish its rural people, via greater import competition in its agricultural markets. We explore that possibility in two ways. First, we draw on standard Ricardo-Viner general equilibrium theory and adapt it to China’s institutional circumstances to show that rural incomes need not fall and the rural–urban income gap may even be reduced. Those outcomes are possible, even if prices of some (land-intensive) farm products fall, because other (labour-intensive) farm products will become more exportable and the easing of restrictions on exports of textiles and clothing will boost town and village enterprises outside urban centres. Second, we plan to draw on new estimates of the likely changes in agricultural prices as a result of WTO accession to examine the above possibility empirically using the global, economy-wide numerical simulation model known as GTAP.
High RF Performance AlGaN/GaN HEMT Fabricated by Recess-Arrayed Ohmic Contact Technology

In this letter, a high-performance gate-recessed AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) fabricated by the recess-arrayed ohmic contact technology is presented. An array of square columns was etched in the ohmic region, using Ti/Al/Ni/Au metal deposition and rapid annealing to fabricate a low-resistance ohmic contact. By using the transmission line method measurement, an ohmic contact resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 0.12 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega$ </tex-math></inline-formula> • mm is measured, which is 70% lower than that of the reference device. The patterned ohmic contact HEMT (POC HEMT) exhibits the saturation current of 1130 mA/mm at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{ds}=10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{gs}=1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V, with a shift of the knee voltage from 6 V to 3 V. The RF measurement shows the power-added efficiency (PAE) of 71.6% at 5 GHz. After the third harmonic tuning, the PAE of 85.2% and the corresponding power density of 11.2 W/mm and power gain of 16.9 dB are obtained. According to the achieved results, the recess-arrayed ohmic contact processed GaN HEMT has a great potential for high RF efficiency and power applications.
A High-Speed Deep-Trench MOSFET With a Self-Biased Split Gate

A split-gate deep-trench MOSFET (DT-MOS) with its split gate self-biased to an integrated low voltage supply is proposed. Due to the split gate being biased to an approximately constant voltage, this structure has a smaller amount of gate-to-drain charge Qgd without increase in the specific on-resistance Ron, compared with the conventional DT-MOS. Numerical simulation results show that the figure of merit (FOM = Qgd ·Ron) is largely reduced, compared with that of the conventional DT-MOS.
Consumer Response to and Trust of Information about Food-Safety Events in the Chicken and Beef Markets in Kentucky

Recently there have been many highly publicized food-safety events affecting marketing and policy channels of agricultural products. This research examines the impact of food-safety events on consumersâ€™ behavior and trust of information in the chicken and beef markets using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) developed by Ajzen (1991). Of particular interest is to determine whom consumers trust regarding information concerning food-safety events. These results are compared to those of an EU study on perceived risks of chicken consumption to see if generalizations can be made across different countries, regions, products, and consumers.
Emergence of Antibiotic Resistance in Nosocomial Strains of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS)

Nosocomial infections caused by Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS) have reached epidemic proportions. In the present work, about 26 clinically significant CNS belonging to Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. saprophyticus, were isolated from various clinical specimens and hospital environments. A few CNS strains have shown multiple antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, cephalexin, cefotaxime, penicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin and lincomycin. Plasmid analysis of representative clinical isolates demonstrated the presence of 2-29.9 kb sized plasmid DNA. Intra and inter-specific gene transfer was observed between different species of CNS and S. aureus which suggests the rapid emergence of multiple antibiotic resistance in CNS.
Causes and types of complete denture fracture

Background and objectives: determine the causes and types of complete denture fractures. Methods: The study was performed in the Hawler medical university, college of Dentistry Department of Prosthodontics. The number of fractured complete denture collected was 290 from patients aged 35-80 years of both genders. The (causes of denture fracture, the type of fracture and the history of previous recurrent fractures) were recorded. Results: : The main cause of denture fracture was poor fitting (40%), followed by poor occlusal relation (21%). Midline fracture was the commonest type of fracture (59%). From the study (51%) of the dentures had previously been repaired once or more. The ratio of lower to upper complete denture fractures was approximately 3:1; most of the fractured dentures (56%) were those of males. Conclusion: The causes of the fracture were divided into material factors and clinical/ technical factors. Denture fractures can be reduced by following prosthodontic principles, analyzing proper fit, eliminating occlusal interferences and using high impact polymers or metal reinforced.
Safety climate in Australian railways

Organizational safety cognition measures – mainly perceptions of, and attitudes towards safety, commonly take the form of safety climate self-completion surveys, of which there are many examples (e.g., Cheyne et al, 1998; Cooper, & Phillips, 1994; Cox & Cox, 1991; Cox et al, 1998; Coyle et al, 1995; Davies et al, 2001; Dedobbeleer, & Beland, 1991; Donald & Canter, 1994; Flin et al, 2000; Glendon & Litherland, 2001; Janssens et al, 1995; Niskanen, 1994; Silva et al, 2004; Varonen, & Mattila, 2000; Williamson et al, 1997; Zohar, 1980). For reviews, see Cooper and Phillips (2004), Glendon et al (2006), Guldenmund (2000), and Seo et al (2004). These measures typically find between two and seven separate factors or safety climate scales. For example, Griffin and Neal (2000) identified five first-order factors, which in turn loaded onto a common higher-order factor, relating to perceptions of safety climate. Their first-order factors were: ‘Management values’, ‘Safety communication’, ‘Safety practices’, ‘Safety training’, and ‘Safety equipment’. However, no consistent factor structure has yet emerged for safety climate, which Seo et al (2004) attributed to not specifying the influence of two critical safety dimensions – management commitment and supervisor support. Seo et al (2004) demonstrated the importance of developing psychometrically robust safety climate scales. Of over 30 empirical safety climate studies published since 1980, most have developed their own measure. This opportunistic approach has resulted in no systematic study, for example by sector, which could provide an opportunity for customised valid safety climate measures that could be used, inter alia, to compare occupational groups within and between rail sector organizations, to benchmark different rail sector organizations – both nationally and internationally, and for rail sector organizations to evaluate safety interventions by comparing their safety climate between time periods. There is dispute over defining safety climate, and how it links with other important factors to influence safety performance. Glendon and Litherland (2001) proposed that safety climate could be conceptualized as operating on three levels:
Pro-energetic effect of resveratrol in the murine neuronal cell line Neuro 2 a

Scope: Energy deficit is a common characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key enzyme maintaining energy balance by regulating the cellular uptake of glucose, β-oxidation of fatty acids, and expression of glucose transporter 4. Since resveratrol has been shown to increase the activity of AMPK, we hypothesized that it might influence energy metabolism in a model neuron-like cell line, murine Neuro2a cells. Methods and results: Resveratrol caused an elevation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in a dose-dependent manner. The highest ATP and GTP levels achieved by treatment with resveratrol were 70.3 ± 8.2 nmol/mg protein (1.9-fold of control) and 27.2 ± 4.0 nmol/mg protein (1.7-fold of control), respectively, when cells were treated with 100 μM resveratrol for 6 h. Interestingly, increases in the total sum of all adenine nucleotides were found upon addition of resveratrol. Despite these increases in ATP, GTP, and the total adenine nucleotide pool, resveratrol treatment led to a decrease in glucose consumption and lactate release, suggesting that resveratrol does not increase energy production (e.g. via AMPK kinase activation) but rather inhibits energy-consuming processes. Conclusion: Resveratrol increases the levels of ATP and GTP, but without creating an additional glucose demand.
Distributions of stress-resistant coral symbionts match environmental patterns at local but not regional scales

Distribution patterns of stress-tolerant coral symbionts suggest that maximum habitat temperatures can drive local scale adaptation of symbiont populations, but at regional scales other processes can dominate. We assayed clade membership for symbionts of 2 closely related corals from American Samoa, Fiji, the Philippines and Palmyra Atoll. Temperature stress-tolerant Clade D symbionts occur more frequently in American Samoa (83%) than in Palmyra, Fiji or the Philippines (<1%). In American Samoa, Clade D symbionts dominate habitats with higher maximum temperatures, while Clades C and D are both common under lower maximum temperatures. While corals in American Samoa show more stress-tolerant symbionts, this region does not exhibit higher sea surface temperatures, a greater record of heating anomalies or more bleaching than the other 3 regions. That these local patterns do not hold regionally suggests the importance of other factors, including host responses, other environmental correlates, within-clade physiological diversity and dispersal limitation, in driving the distribution of coral symbionts.
Estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea em mulheres disfônicas******** Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in dysphonic women

Background: studies indicate correlation between dysphonia and muscle tension. Aim: to evaluate bilaterally the electrical activity of the suprahyoid muscles (SH), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and trapezius (T), the presence of pain and the voice, after applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Method: ten (10) women with nodules or bilateral mucus thickening, and phonation fissure. Volunteers were submitted to 10 TENS sessions (200µs and 10Hz) for 30 minutes. Pain was evaluated using an analogical visual scale; the voice was evaluated through laryngoscopy and through a perceptive-auditory and acoustic analysis; and the myoelectric signal was converted using the Root Media Square (RMS). Voice and EMG data gathering was performed during the production of the E/vowel and during spontaneous speech (SS). Statistical analysis: Shapiro-Wilk Test followed by the Wilcoxon Test, or t Student, or Friedman Test (p < 0.05). Results: It was observed that the TENS decreased the RMS readings, pre and pos treatment, for the Right T (RT) (2.80 ± 1.36 to 1.77 ± 0.93), the Left T (LT) (3.62 ± 2.10 to 2.10 ± 1.06), the Left SCM (LSCM) (2.64 ± 0.69 to 1.94 ± 0.95), and the SH (11.59 ± 7.72 to 7.82 ± 5.95) during the production of the E/vowel; and for the RT (3.56 ± 2.77 to 1.93 ± 1.13), the LT (4.68 ± 2.56 to 3.09 ± 2.31), the Right SCM (RSCM) (3.94 ± 2.04 to 2.51 ± 1.87), and the LSCM (3.54 ± 1.04 to 3.12 ± 3.00) during SS. A relieve in pain was also observed. Regarding the voice analysis, there was a decrease in level of laryngeal injuries; no difference was observed during the production of the E/vowel in the perceptive-auditory analysis; there was a decrease in the level of dysphonia and hoarseness during SS. Conclusion: TENS is effective in improving the clinical and functional signs of dysphonic women.
Distribution and height of methane bubble plumes on the Cascadia Margin characterized by acoustic imaging

Submersible investigations of the Cascadia accretionary complex have identified localized venting of methane gas bubbles in association with gas hydrate occurrence. Acoustic profiles of these bubble plumes in the water column in the vicinity of Hydrate Ridge offshore Oregon provide new constraints on the spatial distribution of these gas vents and the fate of the gas in the water column. The gas vent sites remained active over the span of two years, but varied dramatically on time scales of a few hours. All plumes emanated from local topographic highs near the summit of ridge structures. The acoustic images of the bubble plumes in the water column disappear at water depths between 500 to 460 m, independent of the seafloor depth. This coincides with the predicted depth of the gas hydrate stability boundary of 510 to 490 m, suggesting that the presence of a hydrate skin on the bubble surface prevents them from rapid dissolution. The upper limit of the acoustic bubble plumes at 460 m suggests that dissolution of the residual bubbles is relatively rapid above the hydrate stability zone.
The Relationship of Sleep Quality with Eating Behavior and Food Intake among Male University Students

Objectives: Poor sleep quality can cause mental and physical fatigue. University students need quality sleep to focus on their lessons and physical activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its relationship with some nutritional factors such as food intake and eating behavior among male students. Methods: One hundred and eighty three male students at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences participated in the study. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Dutch eating behavior questionnaires were completed. Intakes of different food groups (according to food pyramid) were evaluated by a brief instrument as well. Results: Students with poor sleep quality consumed less fruits, doogh (traditional beverage) and total dairy products intake. It was observed that there is a significant relationship between poor sleep quality and emotional, restrained and external eating behaviors. Conclusion: Healthy and balanced food intakes may help to reduce sleep problems, also eating behaviors might be included as relative factors with sleep quality.
Biochemical response of two Atriplex species (Atriplex halimus L. and Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.) under salt stress conditions

Soil salinization is an environmental problem that many world regions must fight; it is one of the major plants abiotic stress factors. In fact, in addition to mineral imbalance and toxicity of certain ions, salinity causes, in consequence of osmotic pressure increase, water absorption decrease which leads to stress. In the current study, the behavior and response of two Atriplex species, A. halimus L. and A. canescens, (Pursh) Nutt. under effect of high salt concentrations (400 and 600 meq of NaCl + CaCl2) and seawater at 25, 50 and 100% dilutions, were studied, using proline as metabolic marker in relation to resistance to salinity. Three-month-old Atriplex plants were subject to the various salinity levels. The amount of proline was determined from different plant organs after three weeks stress period. The results revealed a metabolic variability characterized by proline accumulation as function of the species, plant organ, and the concentration and nature of salt treatment. In general, the accumulation of proline within the plant occurs in proportion to the medium salt concentration. Indeed, on one hand, the recorded proline contents show that this accumulation is very important in Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt, compared with Atriplex halimus. On the other hand, these contents are high in leaves of both species in presence of high NaCl + CaCl2 and seawater concentrations.
A new species of the genus Nasikabatrachus ( Anura , Nasikabatrachidae ) from the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats , India

Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India. <rameshka@ccmb.res.in>, <karthik@ccmb.res.in>. Current Address: 222A, 5th street, Annamalayar Colony, Sivakasi, 626123, India. <janny.sooria@gmail.com>. Division of Vertebrate Zoology, Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York NY 10024-5192, USA. <escott@amnh.org>. Nature Environment and Wildlife Society (NEWS), Nature House, Gaudasahi, Angul, Odisha. <duttaphrynus@gmail.com>.