Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of personality in posttraumatic stress disorder, trait resilience, and quality of life in people exposed to the Kiss nightclub fire

Objective To evaluate the relationship among personality (according to Cloninger’s psychobiological model), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, trait resilience and quality of life (QoL) in people who were exposed to the Kiss nightclub fire. Methods 188 participants were assessed with the Posttraumatic Checklist–civilian version (PCL-C), the Resilience Scale (RS), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the World Health Organization Quality of Life–Bref (WHOQOL-Bref), and the WHOQOL-100 Spirituality, religiousness, and personal beliefs (WHOQOL-100-SRPB). Data were analyzed in a dimensional approach, with correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with PCL-C, RS, and WHOQOL-Bref dimensions as dependent variables. Results Multiple linear regression showed that PTSD symptoms were predicted by harm avoidance (β = .34, p < .001), self-directedness (β = -.28, p < .01), and self-transcendence (β = .24, p < .01). Trait resilience was predicted by harm avoidance (β = -.38, p < .01), self-directedness (β = .20, p < .05), and self-transcendence (β = .18, p < .05). Also, PTSD symptoms had considerable negative effect on all dimensions of QoL. Self-transcendence was a positive predictor of subjective and spiritual QoL. SEM showed that QoL was predicted by PTSD symptoms (β = -.52, p < .001), trait resilience (β = .30, p < .001), cooperativeness (β = .135, p = 0.40), and self-directedness (β = .27, p < .01). The effect of self-directedness on QoL was mediated by PTSD symptoms and trait resilience. PTSD symptoms also mediated the relationship between trait resilience and QoL, and RS mediated the relationship of personality and PTSD symptoms. Conclusion The study gives insights on prediction of PTSD severity, trait resilience and QoL from temperament and character traits, in a sample of people exposed to the Kiss nightclub fire. Harm avoidance was the most influent trait on PTSD symptoms and trait resilience. Self-directedness was the most import trait related to QoL, still that it was more related to PTSD severity than personality traits. Self-transcendence had positive effects on both PTSD symptoms and trait resilience, indicating a coping style that may coexist with psychopathology.
Apalutamide: A new agent in the management of prostate cancer

Apalutamide is a competitive inhibitor of the androgen receptor and binds directly to the ligand-binding domain. The US Food and Drug Administration approved apalutamide on 14 February 2018 for use in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer based upon results from the phase III SPARTAN trial demonstrating significantly longer metastasis-free survival over placebo. The SPARTAN trial evaluated 1207 patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were randomized 2:1 to apalutamide or placebo in combination with androgen deprivation therapy. Patients who received apalutamide experienced statistically significantly longer metastasis-free survival (40.5 versus 16.2 months, hazard ratio 0.28 (95% confidence interval = 0.23–0.35); P < 0.0001), which was the major efficacy outcome. Rash, hypothyroidism, and fracture were reported to occur more frequently with apalutamide than placebo. Based upon these results, apalutamide was deemed a safe and effective treatment option for patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clinical trials are ongoing to expand its indication in the metastatic setting, and identify additional roles for apalutamide in the management of prostate cancer such as in the castrate-sensitive metastatic setting.
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Fracture Reduction Under the Plate without Intraoperative Fluoroscopy to Stabilize Diaphyseal Fractures of the Tibia and Femur in Dogs and Cats

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate postoperative alignment when using fracture reduction under the plate (FRUP) during a minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in tibial and femoral fractures, without intraoperative imaging, and report immediate postoperative complications. Materials and Methods After precise plate contouring and preoperative planning, FRUP was obtained with one cortical screw per fragment. Fractures were stabilized with a plate or plate rod. Tibial/femoral lengths, tibial plateau angles, mechanical medial proximal and distal tibial angles, anatomical lateral distal femoral angles, femoral curvatum and neck anteversion were evaluated on postoperative radiographs and contralateral bone. Tibial torsion was evaluated visually. Paired t-test were used to compare data. Immediate postoperative complications were recorded. Results Twenty-one tibial and 20 femoral fractures were stabilized (14 plate rod cases). Mean postoperative operated tibial length was 1.4% shorter (p = 0.001). Mean postoperative operated femoral length was 2% shorter (p = 0.04). Mean operated tibial plateau angle was 1.1° lower (p = 0.02). No difference in tibial torsion was noticed. No significant difference in mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, mechanical medial distal tibial angle, anatomical lateral distal femoral angle and femoral neck anteversion was observed. Mean operated femoral curvatum angle was 5.6° less (p = 0.01). Five cases (3 plate rod cases) required an immediate revision. Clinical Significance Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis with FRUP leads to acceptable postoperative alignment. Correct pin placement should be evaluated.
Structural Characterization and Digestibility of Curcumin Loaded Octenyl Succinic Nanoparticles

Curcumin displays anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity properties but its water insolubility limits the wholesome utility. In this study, curcumin has been encapsulated in an amphiphilic biopolymer to enhance its water solubility. This was accomplished through self-assembly of octenyl succinic anhydride–short glucan chains (OSA–SGC) and curcumin. The nanoparticles were prepared with the degree of substitution (DS) of 0.112, 0.286 and 0.342 of OSA. Thus prepared nanoparticles were in the range of 150–200 nm and display high encapsulation efficiency and high loading capacity of curcumin. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the curcumin loading in the OSA–SGC nanoparticles. The complexes possessed a V-type starch structure. The thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the thermal stability of encapsulated curcumin. The OSA–SGC nanoparticles greatly improved the curcumin release and dissolution, and in-turn promoted the sustained release.
Mining of Self-Organizing Map Gene-Expression Portraits Reveals Prognostic Stratification of HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Patients (pts) with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have different epidemiologic, clinical, and outcome behaviors in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status, with HPV-positive patients having a 70% reduction in their risk of death. Little is known about the molecular heterogeneity in HPV-related cases. In the present study, we aim to disclose the molecular subtypes with potential biological and clinical relevance. Through a literature review, 11 studies were retrieved with a total of 346 gene-expression data points from HPV-positive HNSCC pts. Meta-analysis and self-organizing map (SOM) approaches were used to disclose relevant meta-gene portraits. Unsupervised consensus clustering provided evidence of three biological subtypes in HPV-positive HNSCC: Cl1, immune-related; Cl2, epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related; Cl3, proliferation-related. This stratification has a prognostic relevance, with Cl1 having the best outcome, Cl2 the worst, and Cl3 an intermediate survival rate. Compared to recent literature, which identified immune and keratinocyte subtypes in HPV-related HNSCC, we confirmed the former and we separated the latter into two clusters with different biological and prognostic characteristics. At present, this paper reports the largest meta-analysis of HPV-positive HNSCC studies and offers a promising molecular subtype classification. Upon further validation, this stratification could improve patient selection and pave the way for the development of a precision medicine therapeutic approach.
Exact solution for a one-dimensional multichannel model of correlated electrons with an Anderson-like impurity

We study a one-dimensional n-channel highly correlated electron model (based on the supersymmetric t-J model) with a magnetic impurity of arbitrary spin S that can hybridize with up to one itinerant electron per channel. The model extends the multichannel Kondo problem to correlations in the host and to the mixed valence regime. The Bethe ansatz equations are derived and solved for the ground state and for low temperatures. We conclude that the critical non-Fermi-liquid (overscreened) behaviour cannot be reached for this interacting electron system. Possible applications of the model are discussed.
GARP as an Immune Regulatory Molecule in the Tumor Microenvironment of Glioblastoma Multiforme

Glycoprotein A repetition predominant (GARP), a specific surface molecule of activated regulatory T cells, has been demonstrated to significantly contribute to tolerance in humans by induction of peripheral Treg and regulatory M2-macrophages and by inhibition of (tumorantigen-specific) T effector cells. Previous work identified GARP on Treg, and also GARP on the surface of several malignant tumors, as well as in a soluble form being shedded from their surface, contributing to tumor immune escape. Preliminary results also showed GARP expression on brain metastases of malignant melanoma. On the basis of these findings, we investigated whether GARP is also expressed on primary brain tumors. We showed GARP expression on glioblastoma (GB) cell lines and primary GB tissue, as well as on low-grade glioma, suggesting an important influence on the tumor micromilieu and the regulation of immune responses also in primary cerebral tumors. This was supported by the finding that GB cells led to a reduced, in part GARP-dependent effector T cell function (reduced proliferation and reduced cytokine secretion) in coculture experiments. Interestingly, GARP was localized not only on the cell surface but also in the cytoplasmatic, as well as nuclear compartments in tumor cells. Our findings reveal that GARP, as an immunoregulatory molecule, is located on, as well as in, tumor cells of GB and low-grade glioma, inhibiting effector T cell function, and thus contributing to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of primary brain tumors. As GARP is expressed on activated Treg, as well as on brain tumors, it may be an interesting target for new immunotherapeutic approaches using antibody-based strategies as this indication.
The review and results of different methods for facial recognition

In recent years, facial recognition draws much attention due to its wide potential applications. As a unique technology in Biometric Identification, facial recognition represents a significant improvement since it could be operated without cooperation of people under detection. Hence, facial recognition will be taken into defense system, medical detection, human behavior understanding, etc. Several theories and methods have been established to make progress in facial recognition: (1) A novel two-stage facial landmark localization method is proposed which has more accurate facial localization effect under specific database; (2) A statistical face frontalization method is proposed which outperforms state-of-the-art methods for face landmark localization; (3) It proposes a general facial landmark detection algorithm to handle images with severe occlusion and images with large head poses; (4) There are three methods proposed on Face Alignment including shape augmented regression method, pose-indexed based multi-view method and a learning based method via regressing local binary features. The aim of this paper is to analyze previous work of different aspects in facial recognition, focusing on concrete method and performance under various databases. In addition, some improvement measures and suggestions in potential applications will be put forward.
Polyclonal gut colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a normal status for hotel employees on the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania.

OBJECTIVES For low-income countries, data regarding the intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) and colistin-resistant (CST-R) Enterobacteriaceae in the community are still scarce. Here, we investigated this phenomenon by analysing hotel employees in Zanzibar. METHODS During June to July 2018, rectal swabs from 59 volunteers were screened implementing selective enrichments and agar plates. Species identification was achieved using MALDI-TOF MS. Strains were characterized using microdilution panels (MICs), microarray, PCRs for mcr-1/-8, repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR) and WGS. RESULTS Colonization prevalence with ESC-R-, CST-R- and mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae were 91.5%, 66.1% and 18.6%, respectively (average: 2.2 strains per volunteer). Overall, 55 ESC-R Escherichia coli (3 also CST-R), 33 ESC-R Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 also CST-R), 17 CST-R E. coli and 21 CST-R K. pneumoniae were collected. The following main resistance genes were found: ESC-R E. coli (blaCTX-M-15-like, 51.0%), ESC-R K. pneumoniae (blaCTX-M-9-like, 42.9%), CST-R E. coli (mcr-1, 55%) and CST-R K. pneumoniae (D150G substitution in PhoQ). ESBL-producing E. coli mainly belonged to ST361, ST636 and ST131, whereas all those that were mcr-1 positive belonged to ST46 that carried mcr-1 in a 33 kb IncX4 plasmid. ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae mainly belonged to ST17, ST1741 and ST101, whereas CST-R strains belonged to ST11. CONCLUSIONS We recorded remarkably high colonization prevalence with ESC-R and/or CST-R Enterobacteriaceae in hotel staff. Further research in the local environment, livestock and food chain is warranted to understand this phenomenon. Moreover, as Zanzibar is a frequent holiday destination, attention should be paid to the risk of international travellers becoming colonized and thereby importing life-threatening pathogens into their low-prevalence countries.
Parochialism, social norms, and discrimination against immigrants

Significance As immigration increases due to globalization, wars, and climate change, there is more interaction between native and immigrant populations and more potential for conflict. Policymakers have emphasized the need to better integrate immigrants to forge a common set of norms concerning appropriate behavior. However, there is a lack of evidence to support the hypothesis that a shared understanding of norms can reduce discrimination. We provide experimental evidence that religious differences cause bias and discrimination in everyday interactions between natives and immigrants. Cultural integration signaled through immigrants’ enforcement of local norms reduces, but does not eliminate, bias. As long as public debates and policies heighten the importance of religious differences, cultural integration will not be able to eliminate intergroup conflict. Ingroup bias and outgroup prejudice are pervasive features of human behavior, motivating various forms of discrimination and conflict. In an era of increased cross-border migration, these tendencies exacerbate intergroup conflict between native populations and immigrant groups, raising the question of how conflict can be overcome. We address this question through a large-scale field intervention conducted in 28 cities across three German states, designed to measure assistance provided to immigrants during everyday social interactions. This randomized trial found that cultural integration signaled through shared social norms mitigates—but does not eliminate—bias against immigrants driven by perceptions of religious differences. Our results suggest that eliminating or suppressing ascriptive (e.g., ethnic) differences is not a necessary path to conflict reduction in multicultural societies; rather, achieving a shared understanding of civic behavior can form the basis of cooperation.
Traumatic dental injuries among New Zealanders: findings from a national oral health survey.

BACKGROUND/AIM Little is known about adult dental trauma experience at the population level. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and associations of dental injuries in New Zealand (NZ) adults. MATERIALS AND METHOD Information about dental and orofacial trauma in a representative sample of NZ adults (ages 18-94) was collected in a national oral health survey. As well as self-reported information, the maxillary six anterior teeth were examined for signs of dental trauma. Survey weights were used. RESULTS Of the 40.9% (95% CI 37.6, 44.2) who reported previous orofacial trauma, 69.1% (95% CI 64.3, 73.5), or just over one-quarter of the sample, reported that this included a dental injury. More males than females had experienced orofacial trauma (51.3% [95% CI 45.8, 56.8] and 31.4% [95% CI 27.9, 35.1] respectively). The most common injury was a "chipped or broken tooth" (66.6%, 95% CI 60.6, 72.1). Almost three-quarters had sought treatment. Clinical examination revealed an overall trauma prevalence of 23.4% (95% CI 21.0, 26.0) with more males than females affected. Some 14.9% (95% CI 12.8, 17.2) had one injured tooth, while 6.5% (95% CI 5.2, 8.1) had two injured teeth. The maxillary central incisors were the most frequently affected. Most participants with clinical signs of trauma had only one of the six maxillary teeth affected. The most common clinical dental trauma observation was evidence of "treatment" or an "untreated enamel fracture", and these were more common among males and those aged 35-44 years. CONCLUSION Traumatic dental injuries constitute an important public health issue. More emphasis on preventing them in the NZ adult population is warranted, and public awareness of State-funded cover for dental injuries may need to be bolstered to enable equitable access for injury care. Overall, a greater emphasis on prevention and the importance of initial care for dental injuries could reduce the individual and societal burden.
Adult mice lacking Mct8 and Dio2 proteins present alterations in peripheral thyroid hormone levels and severe brain and motor skill impairments.

BACKGROUND Mutations in the thyroid hormone transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) lead to peripheral hyperthyroidism and profound psychomotor alterations in humans. Mice lacking Mct8 present peripheral hyperthyroidism but no gross neurological abnormalities due to brain compensatory mechanisms involving the enzyme deiodinase type 2 (Dio2). METHODS Here we have analysed the endocrine and neurologic phenotype of mice lacking both Mct8 and Dio2 at 3 and 6 months of age. T4 and T3 levels/content were measured by specific radioimmunoassays; motor skill performance was evaluated by the footprint, rotarod, four limb hanging wire and balance beam tests; and brain histological analysis was performed by immunostaining for neurofilament and parvalbumin. RESULTS We have found that this mouse model presents peripheral hyperthyroidism and brain hypothyroidism. Interestingly, the severity of the brain hypothyroidism seems permanent and varies across regions, with the striatum being a particularly affected area. We have also found brain alterations at the histological level compatible with thyroid hormone deficiency, and impaired motor skills. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the potential of Mct8/Dio2-deficient mice to represent a model for human MCT8 deficiency, to understand the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology and ultimately design therapeutic interventions for human patients.
Fractional Kirchhoff problem with critical indefinite nonlinearity

We study the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for a family of fractional Kirchhoff equations with critical nonlinearity of the form M∫∫R2N|u(x)−u(y)|2|x−y|N+2sdxdy(−Δ)su=λf(x)|u|q−2u+|u|2s∗−2uinΩ,u=0inRN∖Ω,where Ω⊂RN is a smooth bounded domain, 0
ZRSR2 mutation in a child with refractory macrocytic anemia and Down Syndrome

Abstract Here we report a case of refractory macrocytic anemia with a spliceosomal point mutation involving the ZRSR2 gene in a child with Down syndrome (DS). Such mutations have been shown to cause refractory macrocytic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in elderly individuals. We report the hematological indices of a child with DS and a ZRSR2 spliceosomal mutation. DS is known to produce macrocytic anemia but does not lead to transfusion dependence. In this case, the ZRSR2 mutation was the likely implicating factor for severe transfusion-dependent anemia in a child with DS. The clinical implication of a ZRSR2 mutation in a child with DS has not been previously described and warrants close surveillance to detect potential insidious transformation to MDS.
MicroRNAs in acquired sensorineural hearing loss

Abstract Objective This review summarises the current literature on the role of microRNAs in presbyacusis (age-related hearing loss) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Methods Medline, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched for primary English-language studies, published between 2000 and 2017, which investigated the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of presbyacusis or sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Quality of evidence was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool. Results Nine of 207 identified articles, 6 of good quality, satisfied the review's inclusion criteria. In presbyacusis, microRNAs in pro-apoptotic and autophagy pathways are upregulated, while microRNAs in proliferative and differentiation pathways are downregulated. Evidence for microRNAs having an aetiological role in sudden hearing loss is limited. Conclusion A shift in microRNA expression, leading to reduced cellular activity and impaired inner-ear homeostasis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of presbyacusis.
Disrupted brain functional networks in drug‐naïve children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder assessed using graph theory analysis

Neuroimaging studies have revealed functional brain network abnormalities in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the results have been inconsistent, potentially related to confounding medication effects. Furthermore, specific topological alterations in functional networks and their role in behavioral inhibition dysfunction remain to be established. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 51 drug‐naïve children with ADHD and 55 age‐matched healthy controls. Brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding the partial correlation matrices of 90 brain regions, and graph theory was used to analyze network topological properties. The Stroop test was used to assess cognitive inhibitory abilities. Nonparametric permutation tests were used to compare the topological architectures in the two groups. Compared with healthy subjects, brain networks in ADHD patients demonstrated altered topological characteristics, including lower global (FDR q = 0.01) and local efficiency (p = 0.032, uncorrected) and a longer path length (FDR q = 0.01). Lower nodal efficiencies were found in the left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex in the ADHD group (FDR both q < 0.05). Altered global and nodal topological efficiencies were associated with the severity of inhibitory cognitive control deficits and hyperactivity symptoms in ADHD (p <0 .05). Alterations in network topologies in drug‐naïve ADHD patients indicate weaker small‐worldization with decreased segregation and integration of functional brain networks. Deficits in the cingulo‐fronto‐parietal attention network were associated with inhibitory control deficits.