Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Egg consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

Abstract Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus appears to involve an interaction between susceptible genetic backgrounds and environmental factors including highly calorific diets. As it is important to identify modifiable risk factors that may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the aim of the present study was to determine the association between egg consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design A specifically designed questionnaire was used to collect information on possible risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for type 2 diabetes mellitus were calculated by conditional logistic regression. Setting A case–control study in a Lithuanian out-patient clinic was performed in 2001. Subjects A total of 234 cases with a newly confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 468 controls free of the disease. Results Variables such as BMI, family history of diabetes, cigarette smoking, education, morning exercise and plasma TAG level were retained in multivariate logistic regression models as confounders because their inclusion changed the value of the odds ratio by more than 10 % in any exposure category. After adjustment for possible confounders more than twofold increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus was determined for individuals consuming 3–4·9 eggs/week (OR = 2·60; 95 % CI 1·34, 5·08) and threefold increased risk of the disease was determined for individuals consuming ≥5 eggs/week (OR = 3·02; 95 % CI 1·14, 7·98) compared with those eating <1 egg/week. Conclusions Our data support a possible relationship of egg consumption and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Quenched QCD with O(a) improvement: I. The spectrum of light hadrons

We present a comprehensive study of the masses of pseudoscalar and vector mesons, as well as octet and decuplet baryons computed in O(a)-improved quenched lattice QCD. Results have been obtained using the nonperturbative definition of the improvement coefficientc sw , and also its estimate in tadpole improved perturbation theory. We investigate effects of improvement on the incidence of exceptional configurations, mass splittings, and the parameter J. By combining the results obtained using nonperturbative and tadpole improvement in a simultaneous continuum extrapolation, we can compare our spectral data to experiment. We confirm earlier findings by the CP-PACS Collaboration that the quenched light hadron spectrum agrees with experiment at the 10% level.
The Impact of Big Five Personality Traits on Psychological Detachment from Work During Off Job Time

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the Big Five Personality traits as an important antecedent and predictor of psychological detachment from work during off job time. Specifically, we propose that individuals who are high in extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness were positively related to psychological detachment from work during off job time whereas individuals high in neuroticism and openness to experience were negatively related to psychological detachment from work during off job time. Data was collected from 250 employees by administering self-reported questionnaires in various organizations of Pakistan. The findings of the study lend support for all the five hypotheses. In the end, we have discussed the recommendations and practical implications for researchers and managers.
Stress and Coping Strategies Among Firefighters and Recruits

This study compared psychological distress and coping strategies for three different permanent firefighter groups in South-East Queensland, Australia: recruits (n = 42), on-shift firefighters (n = 51), and firefighters who had recently attended one of 13 fatal incidents (n = 52). Older firefighters reported more general distress but no increase in posttraumatic stress symptoms. Coping strategies tended to be associated with higher distress and posttraumatic stress, but once this general tendency was taken into account, seeking instrumental support was associated with lower posttraumatic stress symptoms. Results support previous findings that cumulative exposure and events outside work contribute to distress in firefighters.
Pharmacokinetic study of isoquercitrin in rat plasma after intravenous administration at three different doses

O objetivo deste estudo e desenvolver um metodo simples e especifico de HPLC usando vitexina como padrao interno para investigar a farmacocinetica do isoquercitrina (ISOQ) apos tres doses diferentes administradas por via intravenosa a ratos. Os parâmetros farmacocineticos foram calculados pelas abordagens compartimental e nao compartimental. Os resultados mostraram que ISOQ se encaixa no modelo de tres compartimentos. Os valores de AUC aumentaram proporcionalmente na faixa de 5-10 mg·kg-1. Alem disso, a meia-vida, b meia-vida, aCL, MRT0-t and MRT0→∞ de ISOQ em ratos mostraram diferencas significativas entre 20 mg·kg-1 e outras doses, o que significa que ISOQ apresenta farmacocinetica dose-dependente no intervalo de 5-10 mg·kg-1 e farmacocinetica nao linear em doses mais elevadas.
Has the Adoption of Inflation Targeting Represented a Regime Switch? Empirical Evidence from Canada, Sweden and the UK

Since 1990, a growing number of countries have adopted inflation targeting (IT) around the world. Empirical evidence on its advantages has been mixed so far, and most assessments have been based on a control group methodology. In this paper, using a MSVAR technique, we assess the adoption of IT in three industrialised countries over time; in addition, we compare their outcomes with a non-IT country, the US. Results are manifold. First, an inflation targeting regime exists, although it does not constitute a change in monetary policy reaction. Second, this conclusion is robust on a subsample excluding the periods of high inflation and early sharp disinflation. Third, the sacrifice ratio of higher output volatility generally attributed to inflation stabilisation policies is not sensitive to the adoption of inflation targeting. Fourth, this framework is shown to be conducive to higher monetary policy leeway.
OPTION MARKET OVERREACTION TO STOCK PRICE CHANGES

Abstract. In this paper we examine the relationship between implied volatility of individual stocks in the S&P 100 and the ex-post realized volatility of these stocks following weekly movements of at least 10 percent in the underlying stock prices. When conditioning on these extreme stock price events, we find that the implied volatility is significantly higher than the realized volatility. Furthermore, we are able to construct profitable trading strategies based on this finding. These strategies are successful both in event and calendar time.
Understanding the Potential Use of Herbs in Restless Legs Syndrome

J A H G Volume 9 Number 1 Journal of the American Herbalists Guild Introduction Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological sensorimotor disorder and has four defining criteria, as established by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group: 1) an urge to move the legs, typically associated with unpleasant sensations in the legs (the arms and other body parts can sometimes be involved); 2) this urge to move and the associated sensations start or are worsened during rest; 3) the urge and sensations are ameliorated by movement; 4) these symptoms are worse or only happen in the evening or at night. Additional clinical features may include a family history of RLS, response to dopaminergic therapy, and periodic limb movements (Merlino et al 2007b).
Intention and Analogy in Children's Naming of Pictorial Representations

What underlies children's naming of representations, such as when they call a statue of a clothespin “a clothespin”? One possibility is that they focus exclusively on shape, extending the name “clothespin” only to entities that are shaped like typical clothespins. An alternative possibility is that they extend a word that refers to an object to any representation of that object, and that shape is relevant because it is a reliable indicator of representational intent. We explored these possibilities by asking 3- and 4-year-olds to describe pictures that represented objects through intention and analogy. The results suggest that it is children's appreciation of representation that underlies their naming; sameness of shape is neither necessary nor sufficient. We conclude by considering whether this account might apply more generally to artifacts other than pictorial representations.
On the Acoustical Dynamics of Bubble Clouds

Recently, Morch [1,2,3,4] Chahine [5,6] and others have focused attention on the dynamics of a cloud or cluster of cavitating bubbles and have expanded on the work of van Wijngaarden [7,8] and others. Unfortunately, there appear to be a number of inconsistencies in this recent work which will require further study before a coherent body of knowledge on the dynamics of clouds of bubbles is established. For example, Morch and his co-workers [1,2,3] have visualized the collapse of a cloud of cavitating bubbles as involving the inward propagation of a shock wave; it is assumed that the bubbles collapse virtually completely when they encounter the shock. This implies the virtual absense of non-condensable gas in the bubbles and the predominance of vapor. Yet in these circumstances the mixture in the the cloud will not have any real sonic speed. As implied by a negative L.H. S. of equation (9), the fluid motion equations for the mixture would be elliptic not hyperbolic and hence shock wave solutions are inappropriate.
Is there a credibility crisis in strategic management research? Evidence on the reproducibility of study findings

Recent studies report an inability to replicate previously published research, leading some to suggest that scientific knowledge is facing a credibility crisis. In this essay, we provide evidence on whether strategic management research may itself be vulnerable to these concerns. We conducted a study whereby we attempted to reproduce the empirical findings of 88 articles appearing in the Strategic Management Journal using data reported in the articles themselves. About 70% of the studies did not disclose enough data to permit independent tests of reproducibility of their findings. Of those that could be retested, almost one-third reported hypotheses as statistically significant which were no longer so and far more significant results were found to be non-significant in the reproductions than in the opposite direction. Collectively, incomplete reporting practices, disclosure errors, and possible opportunism limit the reproducibility of most studies. Until disclosure standards and requirements change to include more complete reporting and facilitate tests of reproducibility, the strategic management field appears vulnerable to a credibility crisis.
Back to the Future: The Growth Prospects of Transition Economies Reconsidered

There are two strands in the empirical literature on economic growth in transition economies. One focuses on the impact of reforms, while the other emphasizes sustainability issues and the growth prospects these economies face. The most common strategy, in the latter, has been to use coefficients from growth regressions, on large samples of developing countries, and impose them on transition economies’ data to obtain projected growth rates. We refer to it as the BLR approach (because it uses specifications from Barro, and Levine and Renelt). We claim that the reported growth rates are suspiciously similar, painting an overly optimistic picture and yielding few policy lessons. We re-estimate the BLR equations for data on transition economies themselves and find that government expenditures have been positively associated and human capital has been negatively associated with output growth. These results contrast sharply with the assumptions and findings from the BLR approach, questioning its might and challenging our understanding of the transition process in its key dimension.
From implementation towards maintenance: sustaining collaborative initiatives for integrated floodplain management in the Netherlands

Abstract Collaborative governance has been introduced in the planning and implementation phases of river management, but has not yet reached the maintenance phase. In anticipation of this, this article explores how stakeholders shape collaborative initiatives aimed at maintaining multifunctional floodplains by analyzing their framing of collaboration objectives and membership structures. The case study shows that participants envisioned a shared governance structure, while no consensus was attained on the underlying collaborative objectives. Moreover, the envisioned structure revealed a tendency towards separation instead of integration, because participants abandoned the idea of public–private collaboration, which had previously been adopted in the planning and implementation phases.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MALIGNANT MELANOMA EXAMINED BY 20-MHz ULTRASOUND

Summary. High frequency ultrasound examination of the skin lesions is a relatively new, increasingly important additional diagnostic method in dermatology. Using 20-MHz ultrasound, we have analysed eight skin lesions clinically suspected and subsequently pathohistologically verified as malignant melanoma. The echograms of the examined lesions showed in dermis, under the entry echo, nonechogenic formations, irregularly oval in shape, with more or less pronounced sharp-pointed hypo- or nonechogenic elongations spreading into the surrounding dermis. Lesion borders, particularly distal, were relatively clear, which enabled easier determination of the lesion diameter. The described echographic characteristics were related to clinically very suspected skin lesions for malignant melanoma. Final diagosis of malignant melanoma is still in the domain of pathohistology. 20-MHz ultrasound may be useful for preoperative measurement of lesions diameter.
Zero-shot learning with a partial set of observed attributes

Attributes are human-annotated semantic descriptions of label classes. In zero-shot learning (ZSL), they are often used to construct a semantic embedding for knowledge transfer from known classes to new classes. While collecting all attributes for the new classes is criticized as expensive, a subset of these attributes are often easy to acquire. In this paper, we extend ZSL methods to handle this partial set of observed attributes. We first recover the missing attributes through structured matrix completion. We use the low-rank assumption, and leverage properties of the attributes by extracting their rich semantic information from external sources. The resultant optimization problem can be efficiently solved with alternating minimization, in which each of its subproblems has a simple closed-form solution. The predicted attributes can then be used as semantic embeddings in ZSL. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperform existing methods in recovering the structured missing matrix. Moreover, methods using our predicted attributes in ZSL outperforms methods using either the partial set of observed attributes or other semantic embeddings.
MicroRNA-129-5p Regulates Glycolysis and Cell Proliferation by Targeting the Glucose Transporter SLC2A3 in Gastric Cancer Cells

Tumor cells increase their glucose consumption through aerobic glycolysis to manufacture the necessary biomass required for proliferation, commonly known as the Warburg effect. Accumulating evidences suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) interact with their target genes and contribute to metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. By integrating high-throughput screening data and the existing miRNA expression datasets, we explored the roles of candidate glycometabolism-regulating miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC). Subsequent investigation of the characterized miRNAs indicated that miR-129-5p inhibits glucose metabolism in GC cells. miRNA-129-5p directly targets the 3′-UTR of SLC2A3, thereby suppressing glucose consumption, lactate production, cellular ATP levels, and glucose uptake of GC cells. In addition, the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways are involved in the effects of the miR-129-5p/SLC2A3 axis, regulating GC glucose metabolism and growth. These results reveal a novel role of the miR-129-5p/SLC2A3 axis in reprogramming the glycometabolism process in GC cells and indicate a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of this disease.
EFFECTS OF NANO-CLAY ON BIOLOGICAL RESISTANCE OF WOOD- PLASTIC COMPOSITE AGAINST FIVE WOOD-DETERIORATING FUNGI

Effects of nano-clay on weight loss of wood-plastic composites (WPC) by five fungi were studied. Nanoclay particles of 20 to 50 nm size were applied at 2, 4, and 6% WPC of 0,90 g/cm3 density. The white-rot fungi Physisporinus vitreus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor as well as the brown-rot species Antrodia vaillantii and Coniophora puteana were used. Mass loss tests were conducted according to the European standard. The highest (3.2%) and lowest (0,2%) mass losses were produced by T. versicolor and P. vitreus in the control and 6%-nanoclay treatments, respectively. Obviously the weight loss of WPC depends on the fungus species. Although weight losses were extremely low, nano-clay considerably inhibited the growth of wood-deteriorating fungi. Mass loss correlated with water absorption.
Anisotropy of the Seebeck Coefficient in the Cuprate Superconductor YBa 2 Cu 3 O y : Fermi-Surface Reconstruction by Bidirectional Charge Order

Reconstruction of the Fermi surface in the cuprate YBa${}_{2}$Cu${}_{3}$O${}_{y}$ is thought to be caused by one of two types of charge-density waves. Identifying which one is responsible could help researchers understand the high-temperature superconductivity that cuprates exhibit. New experiments show that short-range two-dimensional waves lead to Fermi surface reconstruction.
A Critique of Lilienfeld et al.'s (2000) "The Scientific Status of Projective Techniques"

Lilienfeld, Wood, and Garb (2000) published a largely negative critique of the validity and reliability of projective methods, concentrating on the Comprehensive System for the Rorschach (Exner, 1993), 3 systems for coding the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT; Murray, 1943) cards, and human figure drawings. This article is an effort to document and correct what I perceive as errors of omission and commission in the Lilienfeld et al. article. When projective measures are viewed in the light of these corrections, the evidence for the validity and clinical usefulness of the Rorschach and TAT methods is more robust than Lilienfeld et al. represented.
Biochemical responses of triticale plants treated with UV-B irradiation and nutrient solution enriched with humic acids

A natural substance extracted from coal with humic acids as its active ingredients, namely Biomin, was added to nutrient medium and applied to triticale roots 3 days prior to UV-B irradiation treatment. UV-B treatment increased malondialdehyde and anthocyanin contents and the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, while it decreased chlorophyll content, fresh weight, and shoot length. Catalase and total phenolics content did not change in UV-B-treated shoots. The pretreatment with Biomin showed favorable effects on growth, decreased the oxidative damage provoked by UV-B irradiation, increased the content of UV-B-absorbing compounds, and positively influenced enzymatic activities. The application of Biomin on triticale plants was beneficial for counteracting the UV-B-induced oxidative stress by increasing the content of nonenzymatic antioxidants and antioxidant enzyme activities involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species.
On the Selection of Initialization and Activation Function for Deep Neural Networks

The weight initialization and the activation function of deep neural networks have a crucial impact on the performance of the training procedure. An inappropriate selection can lead to the loss of information of the input during forward propagation and the exponential vanishing/exploding of gradients during back-propagation. Understanding the theoretical properties of untrained random networks is key to identifying which deep networks may be trained successfully as recently demonstrated by Schoenholz et al. (2017) who showed that for deep feedforward neural networks only a specific choice of hyperparameters known as the `edge of chaos' can lead to good performance. We complete this analysis by providing quantitative results showing that, for a class of ReLU-like activation functions, the information propagates indeed deeper for an initialization at the edge of chaos. By further extending this analysis, we identify a class of activation functions that improve the information propagation over ReLU-like functions. This class includes the Swish activation, $\phi_{swish}(x) = x \cdot \text{sigmoid}(x)$, used in Hendrycks & Gimpel (2016), Elfwing et al. (2017) and Ramachandran et al. (2017). This provides a theoretical grounding for the excellent empirical performance of $\phi_{swish}$ observed in these contributions. We complement those previous results by illustrating the benefit of using a random initialization on the edge of chaos in this context.
Original article: Efficacy and safety of voglibose as an add-on triple drug in patients of type two diabetes mellitus uncontrolled with glimepiride and metformin in punjabi population

Introduction : Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Due to progressive nature of type 2 DM, dual / triple drug therapy produce additive effects, allows the use of submaximal doses of individual agents, less side effects and have complementary benefits on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: The present study was designed to study the effect of voglibose on glycaemic and lipid profile as an add-on drug (agent) in patients with DM whose glycaemic status was uncontrolled with glimepiride and metformin. The present open study was conducted over a six months period. Thirty patients of type 2 DM of either sex in the age group of 30- 75 years who were on maximum doses of glimepiride 2 mg BD and metformin 500 mg BD with FBG> 126 mg/dl and HbA1c between 7- 10 % were selected at random. They were given voglibose 0.2 mg TDS as- add on triple drug. Observations and Results: The effect of triple drug combination was then observed on various parameters i.e. FBG, PPBG, HbA1c and lipid profile (Total cholesterol, TG, LDL, VLDL and HDL). At the end of 6 months it was observed that voglibose reduced FBG, PPBG and HbA 1C significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There was beneficial effect of voglibose on all the parameters of lipid profile (p < 0.01). The side effects like pain abdomen, headache, diarrhea, flatulence, sweating and hot flushes were also observed. Though voglibose had beneficial effect on
Statistical versus optimal partitioning for block entropies

Purpose – Given a time‐series, what is the best partitioning of the state space in order to obtain reasonable values for the block entropies? The purpose of this paper is to provide a simple answer (an algorithm), although approximative, in connection with symbolic dynamics and statistical properties of 1‐d maps on the interval.Design/methodology/approach – The logistic map is examined as an archetype of a Complex System with different behaviors, namely: periodicity, order‐to‐chaos period‐doubling transition, weak chaos, parametric intermittent chaos, developed chaos and fully developed chaos. For the logistic map the generating partition is known, and allows comparison with other prescriptions in the literature. The partitioning of the phase space with the easy generated bipartition induced by the mean value of a curve in the plane, gives results in good agreement (roughly up to a 20 per cent difference) with the results of the generating partition, if the trajectory of the system is in parametric interm.