Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bearing Capacity Computation of UHV Transmission Tower With Foundation Deformation Above Coaf of Goal Mine

The tower foundation above goaf of coal mine is easily deformed,which causes serious threat to the safe operation of UHV transmission lines.In this paper,the finite element model of 1 000 kV transmission tower was established,and the internal member forces as well as their variation trends were analyzed under foundation settelment,slip and inclination combined with normal design conditions.The limitations of foundation deformation under different conditions were determined.It shows that the limitations of longitudinal deformation,tranverse deformation,non-uniform settlement and horizontal slip are decreased in above turn when with the same external loads.The foundation deformation under condition of the wind with 60 degree is the lowest,which is the control condition of foundation deformation.The limitation of non-uniform settelment through computation is lower than the provision in the current regulation,and it is dangerous to evaluate the stress state according to the regulation.In the righting process of the tower,the internal member forces aren't over than the critical bearing capacities except the horizontal slip,and the tower is in a safe state.The research results provide very important reference and basis for the safe operation of UHV transmission lines in the goaf area of coal mine.
Bone Mineral Density and Radiographic Mandibular Body Height

SUMMARY The panoramic based measurements (the total height of the mandibular body and the height from the lower border of mandible to the lower border of the mental foramen) and Mandibular Ratio index were compared to bone mineral density of the lumbar area L2-L4 by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements in 130 women. Correlations of Mandibular Ratio indexes with parameters reflecting skeletal status measured by DXA were not statistically significant. Significant correlations between Mandibular Ratio indexes and the total height of the mandibular body (r = 0.409, p<0.001 (right side); r =0.403, p<0.001 (left side)), and with the height from the lower border of mandible to the lower border of the mental foramen (r = -0.671, p<0.001 (right side); r = -0.709, p<0.001 (left side)) were noted. The measurements of the total height of the mandibular body and the height from the lower border of mandible to the lower border of the mental foramen do not correlate significantly with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements and they should not be used as indicators of bone mineral status. The efficacy of the panoramic-based Mandibular Ratio index in diagnosing osteopenia/osteoporosis is low to moderate.
Block periodization training of endurance athletes: A theoretical approach based on molecular biology

Competitive endurance athletes are constantly looking for ways to maximize training adaptations and to push their performance to the limit. A fundamental feature of their training is the subdivision of the annual training plan into shorter periods (periodization of training). Block periodization has been proposed as an alternative training organization that could be incorporated into the annual training plan. Despite the plethora of studies investigating exercise induced adaptation in response to differing intensities of endurance exercise and following various feeding strategies, only a limited number of studies have examined the effect of different BP programs on adaption and performance in endurance exercise. Although these studies found increased adaptations in response to BP compared to traditional organisation models they do not currently provide an insight into the underpinning mechanisms. This review presents the current advances in the molecular biology underpinning adaptation to exercise and how this evidence may be used to understand BP training and therefore provides future recommendations into annual training organization. This approach involves discussion of several issues related to BP: A discussion on whether monotony of training blunts molecular responses to exercise, if periodization of training alters myocellular responses to endurance training and finally the addition of strength training to BP. The author also discusses new research findings supporting the existence of skeletal muscle ‘memory’ and compares this evidence to findings that highlight the importance of maintenance sessions and/or manipulation strategies of muscle glycogen concentration during BP training. Finally, based on the current evidence, the author recommends strategies to maximize adaptation to training in response to BP in competitive endurance athletes.
1 ON DAMAGE MODELLING IN UNSATURATED CLAY ROCKS

The aim of this paper is to present the main problems encountered in the modelling of damage in an unsaturated quasi-brittle rock mass. Micromechanical damage models are based on a physical definition of damage, related to fracturing. Phenomenological formulations are less straightforward, but offer huge modelling possibilities by means of economical computation processes. Due to the dissipative aspect of damage, the Inequality of Clausius-Duhem (ICD) has to be satisfied. Strain softening and crack localization are regularized by means of a non-local formulation, founded on microstructure concepts, homogenisation and space averaging or gradientenhancement. In an unsaturated damaged porous medium, suction effects combine with mechanical loading and fracturing, which induces complex couplings. On the one hand, Continuum Damage Mechanics well represents stiffness degradation for dry materials. On the other hand, fracture network models give a good estimation of complex flows. It is difficult to reconcile both theories A new mixed model, HHMD, is proposed. It is a fully coupled formulation, involving independent state variables. Key-words damage, independent state variables, poromechanics, micromechanics,, phenomenological damage model, localization, multimodal flow model
Reconsideration of the Karyological Relationship between Two Japanese Species of Shrew-moles, Dymecodon pilirostris and Urotrichus talpoides

Abstract Details of the karyological relationship between the lesser Japanese shrew-mole Dymecodon pilirostris (2n = 34) and the greater Japanese shrew-mole Urotrichus talpoides (2n = 34) were examined by five differential-staining techniques, namely, G-, C-, NOR-, Q- and CMA-banding. Staining revealed that thirteen autosomal pairs and the sex chromosomes of the two species exhibited strong homology in terms of banding patterns. The remaining three autosomal pairs, nos.13, 14 and 15, exhibited distinct interspecific differences both in banding patterns and in the morphology of the respective chromosomes. These interspecific differences can be explained by the presence or absence of an unusual (G-, C-, NOR- and Q-band-negative, but CMA-band-positive) region of chromatin, by the pericentric inversion inv (14) (p13q31), and by duplication of C-heterochromatin, respectively. It has been suggested that the unusual chromatin found in U. talpoides might contain highly repetitive GC-rich sequences, even though its staining properties appear to be unique and are unlike those of so-called C-heterochromatin. Detailed pair-matching analyses of banded chromosomes led us to revise the relationship, proposed previously by Hamada and Yosida, between D. pilirostris and U. talpoides (Hamada and Yosida, La Kromosomo II-20, 585-590, 1980).
The determinants of urban density: the Israeli case

In the struggle against urban sprawl minimum requirements for urban density has become one of the promising tools in determining spatial planning policy, particularly in densely populated countries. This tool was first proposed in the Israel Master Plan 'Israel 2020' in the mid of the 1990s, as an instrument designed to control the conversion of open spaces into urban land use. It was subsequently adopted by the 'National Outline Plan no. 35'. It is reasonable to assume that urban density should vary spatially and be tailored to different types of urban localities. This study examines the variation in urban densities among 150 urban and rural localities in Israel. Two-way analysis of variances was employed in order to classify the localities into clusters based upon their urban density, size, location and spatial functionality. While most former classification studies use economic, social and demographic variables as a basis for their analysis, in the current study, the classification is based upon urban spatial structure and land uses. A regression model is then applied in order to examine the relationship between urban density and selected spatial variables. Population size, location, topography and the size of the built-up area were found to be significant explanatory variables. The findings obtained in the classification analysis and the identification of variables that affect urban density the most, could equip planning agencies with a benchmark for urban density norms. This study presents the variations in the urban density that characterise different clusters and identify the principal variables that should be taken into consideration in the formulation of spatial planning policy.
Effects of Leverage on Corporate Investment and Hiring Decisions

The rising indebtedness of the U.S. business sector raises some issues for macroeconomic stabilization policy.1 Recent studies have investigated whether this rise in corporate leverage has increased the risk of bankruptcies or liquidations in economic downturns.2 This article presents evidence that increases in leverage at the firm level are associated with increased volatility in capital expenditures and employment growth rates. Such a relationship implies that an increase in the average level of indebtedness across firms may cause the economy to become more vulnerable to macroeconomic shocks and more sensitive to changes in monetary policy. The potential effects of leverage are assessed in this article by comparing investment and employment patterns of firms with different average levels of indebtedness. The highly leveraged firms are shown to have experienced greater than average volatility in their
A Multi-Method Research Strategy for Understanding Change in the Rate of Working Poor in the North Central Region of the United States

Spatial statistics, econometric modeling, and other quantitative research methods provide the dominant approach to conducting research in regional science. This paper contends that a deeper understanding of many regional development processes can be gained by employing mixed method research designs that combine quantitative research methods with qualitative methods. This is illustrated through an analysis of change in the working poor in the North Central region of the U.S. during the post-1990 period. The findings from this paper combined with the subsequent paper by Loveridge et al. (2007) demonstrate that deeper insight into regional development processes can be gained by using mixed method research designs compared to quantitative designs alone.
Detecting evidence for CO2 fertilization from tree ring studies: The potential role of sampling biases

Tree ring analysis allows reconstructing historical growth rates over long periods. Several studies have reported an increasing trend in ring widths, often attributed to growth stimulation by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, these trends may also have been caused by sampling biases. Here we describe two biases and evaluate their magnitude. (1) The slow‐grower survivorship biasis caused by differences in tree longevity of fast‐ and slow‐growing trees within a population. If fast‐growing trees live shorter, they are underrepresented in the ancient portion of the tree ring data set. As a result, reconstructed growth rates in the distant past are biased toward slower growth. (2) Thebig‐tree selection biasis caused by sampling only the biggest trees in a population. As a result, slow‐growing small trees are underrepresented in recent times as they did not reach the minimum sample diameter. We constructed stochastic models to simulate growth trajectories based on a hypothetical species with lifetime constant growth rates and on observed tree ring data from the tropical treeCedrela odorata. Tree growth rates used as input in our models were kept constant over time. By mimicking a standard tree ring sampling approach and selecting only big living trees, we show that both biases lead to apparent increases in historical growth rates. Increases for the slow‐grower survivorship bias were relatively small and depended strongly on assumptions about tree mortality. The big‐tree selection bias resulted in strong historical increases, with a doubling in growth rates over recent decades. A literature review suggests that historical growth increases reported in many tree ring studies may have been partially due to the big‐tree sampling bias. We call for great caution in the interpretation of historical growth trends from tree ring analyses and recommend that such studies include individuals of all sizes.
THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS

ارـهز :لوؤسم هدنسیون هدکـــــشناد ؛دــــمجنم ییاــــ مام و یراتــسرپ یکـشزپ موــ لع هاگشناد نارهت e-mail: monjamed@sina. tums.ac. ir هدیکچ رد یزیرهـمانرب هــب دناوتیم تباید نمزم ضراوع هب لاتبم نارامیب یگدنز تیفیک یسررب :فده و هنیمز نارامیب یگدنز تیفیک حطس یاقترا و ضراوع لرتنک ای و یریگشیپ روظنم هب یراتسرپ ریبادت ذاختا تهج . دیامن کمک زا رـفن 310 یـگدـنز تـیفیک نـییعت فدـه اـب هــ ک تسا یعطقم و یفیصوت هعلاطم کی نیا :یسررب شور هاگـشناد بــختنم یاهناتسرامیب ددغ هاگنامرد ود هب هدننکهعجارم تباید نمزم ضراوع هب لاتبم نارامیب لوا شــ خب لماـش یاهمانـشسرپ اـههداد یروآدرـگ رازـبا . تـسا هـتفرگ تروـص نارهـت یکـشزپ موـلع 6 زین رـخآ تمـسق رد و دوـب یگدنز تیفیک تلااؤس هب طوبرم مود شخب و یرامیب و یدرف تایصوصخ زا یـکی طـسوت هـبحاصم قـیرط زا هـک دوـب یتملاـس فـلتخم داـعبا عوـمجم یسررـب هــ ب طوبرم لاؤس یراـمآ یاـهشور و SPSS رازـفامرن زا هدافتــ سا اب هدش یروآعمج تاعلاطا . دشیم لیمکت نارگشهوژپ . دش لیلحت و هیزجت p<0/05 یرادانعم حطس رد (رشیف قیقد و یاک روذجم نومزآ) یطابنتسا و یفیصوت هـطبار رد . دندوب رادروخرب بولطم ًاتبسن یگدنز تیفیک زا اهدحاو %71 هک دوب نآ رگنایب اههتفای :اههتفای تـیفیک یاراد (%68/3) دـصرد نیرتـشیب تملاـس زا کرد دـعُب رد داد ناــشن جیاتن یگدنز تیفیک داعبا اب درـکلمع رد و (%56/1) یمـسج درـکلمع ،(%67/7) یـناور تملاـس داـعبا رد ،دــندوب بولطم ًاتبسن یگدنز نـمزم ضراوـع ددـعت نیب نـینچمه . دنتـشاد بوـلطم ًاتبـسن یگدنز تیفیک زین (%54/8) یلغش و یعامتجا تـیفیک نـیب اههـتفای ساــسا رب . (p=0/206) دشن هدید یرادانعم یرامآ طابترا زین یگدنز تیفیک و تباید حطــ س و (p=0/024) یـندب هدوـت صخاـش ،(p<0/001) سـنج ،(p=0/028) نـس یاـهریغتم اـب یـگدـنز . دش هدهاشم یرامآ رادانعم طابترا ،(p<0/001) تلایصحت حطـس رد تباـید نـمزم ضراوــ ع هب لاتبم نارامیب یگدنز تیفیک داد ناشن هعلاطم نیا جیاتن :یریگهجیتن . دشابیم طسوتم
Intraperitoneally Administered Lidocaine Attenuates Thermal Allodynia in a Murine “Two-Hit” Chronic Constriction Injury Model

Background: Mechanical ventilation (hit one) during surgery (hit two) is often needed and both induce an inflammatory response. Dysregulation of the inflammatory response can cause chronic postoperative pain. Methods: Healthy C57BL6 mice (n = 56) were mechanically ventilated (MV) and allocated to receive sham (MV-sham) or mechanically ventilation with chronic constriction injury (MV-CCI) surgery in the left hind paw. Plasma interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, keratinocyte derived chemokine (KC) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined on day 0 and 16. Sensory testing was performed on day 0, 3, 7 and 16 by cold plate test (number of lifts (NOL) and cumulative reaction time (CRT)) and von Frey test. The effect of lidocaine on cytokines and sensory testing was analyzed. Results: MV-Sham showed an increase in IL-1β and TNF-α, and MV- CCI-lido increased levels of KC compared with MV on day 0. No difference in cytokine levels was observed on day 16. NOL of the left paw versus the right was increased in MV-CCI on day 7, and in MV-CCI-lido on day 7 and 16. The NOL of the left paw was decreased in MV-sham and MV-CCI-lido compared with MV-CCI on day 16. The CRT of the left paw was increased for MV-CCI on day 3 and 7, and for MV-CCI-lido on day 7. On day 16, MV-sham and MV-CCI-lido showed a decreased CRT of the left paw compared with MV-CCI. Conclusion: Nerve injury and not systemic inflammatory response seems mandatory for development of neuropathic pain in this “two-hit” model. Lidocaine attenuates cold allodynia in mice.
Casewise Visual Evaluation for High-Performance Collaborative Visioning of PGDP Nuclear Enrichment Plant End State

This article describes the adaptation of the authors’ Structured Public Involvement, or SPI, framework for community involvement in the end-state visioning process for the PGDP facility. The SPI framework is designed to elicit community values and provide access to these as a decision support system for the development of feasible, legitimate, and durable end-state management plans. This SPI protocol is designed around community evaluation of visualizations. Key properties of visual evaluation methods for large group visualization are discussed and the Casewise Visual Evaluation method is outlined. CAVE uses a fuzzy logic based neural network modeling approach to build a knowledge base for community preferences across all feasible end-state scenarios. The potential PDGP end-state land-use properties developed from focus group work are integrated into a sample range of dynamic visualizations and the sampling protocol is described. Preliminary results will be presented at the conference.
02 09 23 1 v 1 26 S ep 2 00 2 BRX TH-505 SU-ITP-02 / 02 Initial conditions for inflation

Free scalar fields in de Sitter space have a one-parameter family of states invariant under the de Sitter group, including the standard thermal vacuum. We show that, except for the thermal vacuum, these states are unphysical when gravitational interactions are included. We apply these observations to the quantum state of the inflaton, and find that at best, dramatic fine tuning is required for states other than the thermal vacuum to lead to observable features in the CMBR anisotropy.
COPULATION DURATION DURING COURTSHIP PREDICTS FERTILITY IN THE EURASIAN KESTREL FALCO TINNUNCULUS

Mechanisms that reduce cuckoldry such as frequent or long copulations are adaptive for males. However, these behaviours are costly and their intensity should therefore be adjusted to the risk of extra pair copulation (EPC) as perceived by males. In addition, it has been proposed that high quality males perceive a lower risk of EPC than low quality males, and consequently show low paternity assurance responses. This hypothesis was tested in the eurasian kestrel by studying the relationship between copulation frequency and duration, and variables that are considered indexes of quality in this species (e.g. clutch size). Location: Campo Azalvaro region (central Spain). Methods: Nests were monitored during the pre-laying period to record copulation frequency (presence or absence) and duration. Results: It was found that males having larger clutches showed shorter copulas. In addition, no relationships were found between copulation frequency and any of the studied indexes of male quality. As far as is known, this is the first case in which copulation behaviour co-varies negatively with an index of male quality in terms of breeding performance. Conclusions: It is suggested that females mating with high quality males do not seek EPCs, which reduce the risk of extra-pair paternity perceived by these males.
Abundance gradients along the Galactic disc from chemical evolution models

In this paper, we study the formation and chemical evolution of the Milky Way disc with particular focus on the abundance patterns ([$\alpha$/Fe] vs. [Fe/H]) at different Galactocentric distances, the present-time abundance gradients along the disc and the time evolution of abundance gradients. We consider the chemical evolution models for the Galactic disc developed by Grisoni et al. (2017) for the solar neighborhood, both the two-infall and the one-infall ones, and we extend our analysis to the other Galactocentric distances. In particular, we examine the processes which mainly influence the formation of the abundance gradients: the inside-out scenario, a variable star formation efficiency, and radial gas flows. We compare our model results with recent abundance patterns obtained along the Galactic disc from the APOGEE survey and with abundance gradients observed from Cepheids, open clusters, HII regions and PNe. We conclude that the inside-out scenario is a key ingredient, but cannot be the only one to explain abundance patterns at different Galactocentric distances and abundance gradients. Further ingredients, such as radial gas flows and variable star formation efficiency, are needed to reproduce the observed features in the thin disc. The evolution of abundance gradients with time is also shown, although firm conclusions cannot still be drawn.
The response of benthic algal biomass to nutrient addition over a range of current speeds in an oligotrophic river

Abstract. Current speed could affect algal responses to river eutrophication and flow regulation via its influence on nutrient availability to benthic algae. In laboratory experiments, the thickness of the diffusive boundary layer decreases with increasing current speed, enhancing rates of nutrient mass transfer by molecular diffusion across the layer to the algal cell wall. In rivers and streams, this phenomenon may be masked by grazing and physical losses. We used a 10-wk field experiment to test the hypothesis that the response of benthic algae to nutrient addition was a function of current speed. We deployed clay pavers at the beginning of a 3-mo period of baseflow in the Daly River (tropical Australia) at 5 sites (current speeds <2–98 cm/s). After a 5-wk colonization period, we added nutrients to treatment sites via slow-release fertilizer pellets. After 5 wk, we measured chlorophyll a, algal composition, and macroinvertebrate grazer abundance and composition, nutrient concentrations, and current speed. We measured algal biomass response (BRR) as the ratio of biomass in the nutrient-addition treatment to biomass in the control treatment. BRR increased linearly with current speed between 27 to 98 cm/s and accounted for 99% of biomass variation. At <2 cm/s BRR did not conform to this relationship. The dominance of filamentous chlorophytes, oligotrophic conditions, and weak grazer effects probably contributed to the strong relationship between current speed and BRR. The effect of nutrient pollution on riverine benthic algal biomass could be greatest where current speeds are highest, and flow regulation that reduces current speed could reduce nutrient availability. Algal composition and physiognomy, grazing, and physical losses could reduce this effect. Current-mediated nutrient availability and patchiness of nutrient-driven bottom-up control of benthic algal biomass may influence algal responses to eutrophication and flow regulation.
Brexit announcement effects on the UK stock market

A widely discussed topic nowadays, what is going to happen if a Brexit actually happens to the British economy, and more specifically to the British stock market? This paper attempts to find significance in the disturbances caused by the Brexit announcement starting from May 2015 till the referendum date June 2016. A very extensive literature review is done on the systematic factors affecting the stock market return. Data starting from 1995 is used to find this effect. A Power GARCH approach is used to model the data, in combination with a dummy variable to catch the effect of the Brexit announcement. In the end no significant results were found that indicate an effect of the Brexit dummy.