Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Sustainable is the Foreign Direct Investment? In the Case of Malaysia

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the economic indicators of a country. Having a sustainable FDI would lead to a sustainable economy. In order to sustain the FDI, its determinants and how the changes in those determinants affect the FDI must be analyzed carefully. Once the impact of the determinants is known, then the next steps of making decisions or policies related to sustainable FDI, could easily and effectively be done. Different from previous studies, this paper examines to what extent the inflows of FDI would be related and affected by the environment, social and governance (ESG) factors, the vital sources for sustainable investment. The environment, social and governance factors include natural environment, natural resources, human capital, population, infrastructure, trade openness, and corruption. Those annual time series data were analyzed by using the ordinary least square regression and Granger causality analyses. The findings show that majority of the changes in those determinants have significant relationship with the FDI inflows. Many of the determinants are positively related to the FDI except for trade openness which is having negative relationship with FDI. However, changes in natural resources and infrastructure have no significant relation with the inflows of FDI. The result suggests that an emerging country like Malaysia, must continue enhancing those social, environmental and governance factors in the country to encourage the incoming of sustainable FDI, thus to develop sustainable economy.
Achieving the Sum-Rate for Symmetric Gaussian Interference Channels Using LDPC Codes

—In this paper, we resort to results presented in the Costa’s paper [1], and employ LDPC (low-density parity-check) codes to investigate the achievable sum-rates for the Gaussian Interference Channel (GIC). We assume a symmetric GIC and the same power for both users. A different decoding scheme is employed for each interference region. For the weak interference region, user’s interference is treated as noise. For the moderate interference region, we use non-naive time division multiplexing (TDM) approach. For the strong interference region, joint decoding is employed and ﬁnally, for the very strong interference region, the SIC (successive interference cancellation) method is used. Numerical simulations have been performed to show that the gap between the Han and Kobayashi limit and the achievable sum-rate is very small.
Tetracycline: Classification, Structure Activity Relationship and Mechanism of Action as a Theranostic Agent for Infectious Lesions-A Mini Review

Infection is a complex mechanism caused by the entrance of living microbes (bacteria, fungi and viruses) and other factors such as traumatism, physical and chemical agents which cause infection. Large number of infectious diseases causes worldwide death, so early stage diagnosis may help to reduce morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of infectious disease involves the identification of the root cause of infectious disorders. In spite of having many advanced techniques to identify and treat infectious lesions, the world is facing a great threat of infectious diseases which is deleterious. The attention of worldwide scientists in search of antibiotic drugs was diverted after the announcement of Alexander Fleming’s discovery regarding penicillin. Various families of antibiotics have been discovered up till now and categorized based on their mechanism of action, chemical structure, or spectrum of activity. Some antibiotics have bactericidal activities to attack on the bacterial cell wall and bacterial cell membrane such as penicillins, vancomycin, isoniazid and cephalosporins polymyxins, while some antibiotics do their work by inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis such Abstract
Engaging the Senses: The Potential of Emotional Data for Participation in Urban Planning

This paper presents an exploratory study on the potential for sharing urban data; one where citizens create their own data and use it to understand and influence urban planning decisions. The aim of the study is to explore new models of participation through the sharing of emotional data and focuses on the relationship between the physical space and emotions through identifying the links between stress levels and specific features of the urban environment. It addresses the problem in urban planning that, while people’s emotional connection with the physical urban setting is often valued, it is rarely recognised or used as a source of data to understand future decision making. The method involved participants using a (GSR) device linked to location data to measure participant’s emotional responses along a walking route in a city centre environment. Results show correlations between characteristics of the urban environment and stress levels, as well as how specific features of the city spaces create stress ‘peaks’. In the discussion we review how the data obtained could contribute to citizens creating their own information layer—an emotional layer—that could inform a shared approach to participation in urban planning decision-making. The future implications of the application of this method as an approach to public participation in urban planning are also considered.
Is Top 10 Better than Top 9? The Role of Expectations in Consumer Response to Imprecise Rank Claims

Many marketing communications are carefully designed to cast a brand in its most favorable light. For example, marketers may prefer to highlight a brand's membership in the top 10 tier of a third-party list instead of disclosing the brand's exact rank. The authors propose that when marketers use these types of imprecise advertising claims, subtle differences in the selection of a tier boundary (e.g., top 9 vs. top 10) can influence consumers’ evaluations and willingness to pay. Specifically, the authors find a comfort tier effect in which a weaker claim that references a less exclusive but commonly used tier boundary can actually lead to higher brand evaluations than a stronger claim that references a more exclusive but less common tier boundary. This effect is attributed to a two-stage process by which consumers evaluate imprecise rank claims. The results demonstrate that consumers have specific expectations for how messages are constructed in marketing communications and may make negative inferences about a brand when these expectations are violated, thus attenuating the positive effect such claims might otherwise have on consumer responses.
Helping Healthcare Providers Perform According to Standards

Performance according to standards is the cornerstone of quality assurance in healthcare and the end result inspiring many quality assurance activities. However, even when locally appropriate, evidence-based standards are available, many health workers do not routinely follow them. Motivating and enabling health workers to perform in accordance with standards is deterred by many factors—behavioral, social, and organizational—as well as the nature of healthcare activities and their setting.
The Relationship between Parents’ Involvement, Attitude, Educational Background and Level of Income and Their Children’s English Achievement Test Scores

The present study intends to investigate the relationship between Iranian parents’ involvement, attitude, educational background and level of income and their children’s English achievement test scores. At first, a reliable questionnaire was used and distributed among 140 parents. Next, to categorize parents in two levels, the normal curve and the Z score analysis were used and they were divided into two groups, with a higher or lower level of involvement and more or less positive attitude. Then, to find the students’ achievement, a standard final achievement test was distributed among 70 primary school student. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation and the Spearman rank Order Correlation (rho) were employed to explore the relationship between the variables. The outcomes showed that there are highly positive correlations between the parents’ involvement, attitude, educational background and income level and their children’s English achievement. It should be mentioned that parents’ involvement and attitude were found to be really significant in their children’s learning meaning the more they get involved in and the more positive attitude they have toward their young children’s language learning, the more their children achieve in the education and also the higher level of parents’ education and income are effective in children language achievement.
Enteral Nutrition as a Life-Saving Treatment in Patients with Severe Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa is a serious, potentially life-threatening illness characterized by severe malnutrition, with abnormally low body weight (BMI <17.5 kg/m2 or body weight at least 15% below the expected value), an intense fear of weight gain, and an undue emphasis on weight and shape in self-evaluation. Amenorrhea (i.e. loss of three consecutive menstrual cycles) is currently required for the diagnosis, but often is hidden by contraceptive drugs. Anorexia nervosa can cause significant clinical complications in every organ system, particularly relevant in adolescents in the growing and developing body with slowing in linear growth, impaired bone mineral accretion, structural and functional damage of the brain. Most of these complications are reversible if there is a timely restoration of body weight, since weight restoration is associated with concomitant decrease in anorectic symptoms and an improvement in physical and cognitive function (American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Adolescence. Identifying and treating eating disorders. Pediatrics, 2003; American Dietetic Association, Nutrition intervention in the treatment of eating disorders, 2011; American Psychiatric Association. Work Group on Eating Disorders. Practice Guideline for the treatment of Patients with Eating Disorders. 2006; Beumont, 2004; Eating Disorders. Core Interventions in the treatment and management of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and related eating disorders. National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2004).
Evaluation of Optimal Implant Positions and Height of Retraction Hook for Intrusive and Bodily Movement of Anterior Teeth in Sliding Mechanics: A FEM Study

Introduction: The design of an appliance for retraction of six anterior teeth using orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) anchorage and sliding mechanics must take into account the position and height of the mini-implant and the height of the anterior retraction hook, we used finite element analysis to examine effective en masse retraction with orthodontic mini-implant anchorage and sought to identify a better combination of the above factors. Materials and methods: Base models were constructed from a measurements given in the Wheeler’s dental anatomy book. The center of resistance for the 6 anterior teeth in the base model was calculated. The working archwires were assumed to be 0.019" × 0.025" in stainless steel. The amount of tooth displacement after finite element analysis was measured. Results and conclusions: In low OMI (6 mm) anteriors showed tipping movement. Mid implant condition (8 mm) showed more of bodily movement during retraction as the force passes near or through the CRs of all the six anterior teeth. In high OMI (10 mm) and 0 mm ARH condition, all the six anterior teeth showed intrusion with retraction.
Photoactive self-assembled monolayers for optically switchable organic thin-film transistors

We investigate the photoconductive and photovoltaic effects in organic thin-film transistors with thin hybrid dielectrics composed of aluminum oxide and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). By using SAM molecules with an electro-optical functionality tuning of the photoinduced charge transfer at the interface of semiconductor and SAM upon illumination with laser light can be achieved. Control of the threshold voltage by the SAM composition enables the optical operation of the transistors without applying a gate voltage and affects the dynamics of photoinduced charge transfer.
Numerical investigation of maximum air entrainment into cylindrical louvered pipe

The main approach behind the present numerical investigation is to estimate the air flow rate into the pipe through the louvers from the atmosphere. The present numerical investigation has been performed by solving conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy along with two equation-based k-ɛ models for a louvered horizontal cylindrical pipe by the finite volume method. The existing experimental results of a wall constraint jet have been matched with the numerical results. The numerical computations show that the air suction rate into the pipe increased with the increase in the louvers opening area and number of nozzles used. With all other parameters remain fixed, an optimum protrusion of the nozzle was found where the suction rate was found to be the highest for a given nozzle flow rate. It was also found from the numerical investigation that there exists an optimum pipe diameter corresponding to the three times of nozzle diameter where the maximum air suction rate was achieved.
Multiphased tectonic evolution of the Central Algerian margin from combined wide‐angle and reflection seismic data off Tipaza, Algeria

The origin of the Algerian margin remains one of the key questions still discussed in the Western Mediterranean sea, due to the imprecise nature and kinematics of the associated basin during the Neogene. For the first time, the deep structure of the Maghrebian margin was explored during the SPIRAL seismic survey. In this work, we present a N‐S transect off Tipaza (west of Algiers), a place where the margin broadens due to a topographic high (Khayr‐al‐Din Bank). New deep penetration seismic profiles allow us to image the sedimentary sequence in the Algerian basin and the crustal structure at the continent‐ocean boundary. Modeling of the wide‐angle data shows thinning of the basement, from more than 15km in the continental upper margin to only 5–6km of oceanic‐type basement in the Algerian basin, and reveals a very narrow or absent transitional zone. Analysis of the deep structure of the margin indicates features inherited from its complex evolution: (1) an oceanic‐type crust in the deep basin, (2) similarities with margins formed in a transform‐type setting, (3) a progressive deepening of the whole sedimentary cover, and the thickening of the Plio‐Quaternary sediments at the margin foot, coeval with (4) a downward flexure of the basement in the basin. These features argue for a multiphased evolution of the margin, including (1) an early stage of rifting and/or spreading, (2) a late transcurrent episode related to the westward migration of the Alboran domain, and (3) a diffuse Plio‐Quaternary compressional reactivation of the margin.
EVOLUTION IN THE BLACK HOLE–GALAXY SCALING RELATIONS AND THE DUTY CYCLE OF NUCLEAR ACTIVITY IN STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

We measure the location and evolutionary vectors of 69 Herschel-detected broad-line active galactic nuclei (BLAGNs) in the M BH − M * ? > plane. BLAGNs are selected from the COSMOS and CDF-S fields, and span the redshift range 0.2 ≤ z < 2.1 ? > . Black hole masses are calculated using archival spectroscopy and single-epoch virial mass estimators, and galaxy total stellar masses are calculated by fitting the spectral energy distribution (subtracting the BLAGN component). The mass-growth rates of both the black hole and galaxy are calculated using Chandra/XMM-Newton X-ray and Herschel far-infrared data, reliable measures of the BLAGN accretion and galaxy star formation rates, respectively. We use Monte Carlo simulations to account for biases in our sample, due to both selection limits and the steep slope of the massive end of the galaxy stellar-mass distribution. We find our sample is consistent with no evolution in the M BH − M * ? > relation from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 0. BLAGNs and their host galaxies which lie off the black hole mass–galaxy total stellar mass relation tend to have evolutionary vectors anti-correlated with their mass ratios: that is, galaxies with over-massive (under-massive) black holes tend to have a low (high) ratio of the specific accretion rate to the specific star formation rate. We also use the measured growth rates to estimate the preferred AGN duty cycle for our galaxies to evolve most consistently onto the local M BH − M Bul ? > relation. Under reasonable assumptions of exponentially declining star formation histories, the data suggest a non-evolving (no more than a factor of a few) BLAGN duty cycle among star-forming galaxies of ∼10% (1σ range of 1–42% at z < 1 ? > and 2–34% at z > 1 ? > ).
Sonographic Assessment of Cervical Lymphadenopathy: Role of High Resolution and Color Doppler Ultrasound

Objective: To study the role of High Frequency Ultrasound and color Doppler in diagnostic evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy. Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Faridabad. The study included sixty-four patients of different age groups presented with cervical lymphadenopathy. The nodal parameters included: site, mean long axis (L), mean short axis (S), shape index (S/L), echotexture and homogenicity, margins, ancillary features like calcification, necrosis, posterior enhancement, matting and surrounding tissue changes, vascular pattern and mean arterial resistive index (RI). The final diagnosis was reached by FNAC and excisional biopsy. The nodes were classified as reactive, lymphomatous and metastasis. Results: The study results showed that malignant LNs, especially metastatic, are accompanied with rounded shape, homogenous echotexture, peripheral vascularity and significantly high Resistive Index (RI). Among these sonographic findings, nodal shape (S/L ratio) and RI were more accurate for differentiating benign from malignant LNs. Most of the LNs with ill-defined margins were metastatic. Calcification, necrosis, posterior enhancement, matting and hilar flow pattern were characteristically found in tubercular lymphadenitis. Conclusion: The sonographic findings had relatively high accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant cervical LNs. Ultrasound can be used as first line imaging tool in the diagnostic evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy, especially in developing countries like India due to its ease, reproducibility and cost effectiveness.
Traffic Density Identification based on Neural Network and Histogram

The traffic density identification will support the traffic problems such as intelligent traffic signal control, traffic planning, etc. This paper proposes a traffic density identification method based on histogram and neural network. The system model was designed and evaluated with the traffic image datasets of Ho Chi Minh city. The best identifying result can obtain 96%.
Prophet Regions for Independent [0, 1]-Valued Random Variables with Random Discounting

Abstract Let X 1, X 2… and B 1, B 2… be mutually independent [0, 1]-valued random variables, with EB j = β > 0 for all j. Let Y j = B 1 … sB j−1 X j for j ≥ 1. A complete comparison is made between the optimal stopping value V(Y 1,…,Y n ):=sup{EY τ:τ is a stopping rule for Y 1,…,Y n } and E(max 1≤j≤n Y j ). It is shown that the set of ordered pairs {(x, y):x = V(Y 1,…,Y n ), y = E(max 1≤j≤n Y j ) for some sequence Y 1,…,Y n obtained as described} is precisely the set {(x, y):0 ≤ x ≤ 1, x ≤ y ≤ Ψ n, β(x)}, where Ψ n, β(x) = [(1 − β)n + 2β]x − β−(n−2) x 2 if x ≤ β n−1, and Ψ n, β(x) = min j≥1{(1 − β)jx + β j } otherwise. Sharp difference and ratio prophet inequalities are derived from this result, and an analogous comparison for infinite sequences is obtained.
Oral Hygiene Practices among Fixed Orthodontic Patients in a University Dental Setting

C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Lee JH, Abdullah AAA, Yahya NA (2016) Oral Hygiene Practices among Fixed Orthodontic Patients in a University Dental Setting. Int J Oral Dent Health 2:027 Received: February 15, 2016: Accepted: April 09, 2016: Published: April 12, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Lee JH, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Lee et al. Int J Oral Dent Health 2016, 2:027
Agency, Firm Growth and Managerial Turnover

We study managerial incentive provision under moral hazard in a firm subject to stochastic growth opportunities. In our model, managers are dismissed after poor performance, but also when an alternative manager is more capable of growing the firm. The optimal contract may involve managerial entrenchment, such that growth opportunities are foregone after good performance. Firms with better growth prospects have higher managerial turnover and more front-loaded compensation. Firms may pay severance to incentivize their managers to report truthfully the arrival of growth opportunities. By ignoring the externality of the dismissal policy onto future managers, the optimal contract implies excessive retention.
Comparative Studies on the Prevalence of Salmonella Species in Two Homemade Fermented Beverages (Zobo And Kunun-Zaki) Sold At Samaru, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria

A survey of the comparative studies on the prevalence of Salmonella species in two home-made beverages sold at Samaru, Zaria was carried out. Ten (10) samples of freshly formulated Kunun-Zaki and Zobo were obtained from five (5) different sales locations in Samaru, Zaria, and analyzed using the standard plate counts, to determine their respective bacteriological quality.
Complex spatiotemporal evolution of the 2008 Mw 4.9 Mogul earthquake swarm (Reno, Nevada): Interplay of fluid and faulting

After approximately 2 months of swarm‐like earthquakes in the Mogul neighborhood of west Reno, NV, seismicity rates and event magnitudes increased over several days culminating in an Mw 4.9 dextral strike‐slip earthquake on 26 April 2008. Although very shallow, the Mw 4.9 main shock had a different sense of slip than locally mapped dip‐slip surface faults. We relocate 7549 earthquakes, calculate 1082 focal mechanisms, and statistically cluster the relocated earthquake catalog to understand the character and interaction of active structures throughout the Mogul, NV earthquake sequence. Rapid temporary instrument deployment provides high‐resolution coverage of microseismicity, enabling a detailed analysis of swarm behavior and faulting geometry. Relocations reveal an internally clustered sequence in which foreshocks evolved on multiple structures surrounding the eventual main shock rupture. The relocated seismicity defines a fault‐fracture mesh and detailed fault structure from approximately 2–6 km depth on the previously unknown Mogul fault that may be an evolving incipient strike‐slip fault zone. The seismicity volume expands before the main shock, consistent with pore pressure diffusion, and the aftershock volume is much larger than is typical for an Mw 4.9 earthquake. We group events into clusters using space‐time‐magnitude nearest‐neighbor distances between events and develop a cluster criterion through randomization of the relocated catalog. Identified clusters are largely main shock‐aftershock sequences, without evidence for migration, occurring within the diffuse background seismicity. The migration rate of the largest foreshock cluster and simultaneous background events is consistent with it having triggered, or having been triggered by, an aseismic slip event.