Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical and biological assessment of Ziziphus jujuba fruits from China: different geographical sources and developmental stages.

Chinese date, the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. , has thousands of years cultivation history, and about 700 cultivars of dates in China. Two types of dates are commonly found in the market: (i) fresh immature dates consumed as fruits, and (ii) dried mature dates used as Chinese medicines. Here, chemical and biological properties of these dates were revealed. Different sources of dates showed similar chemical profiles; however, the amounts of identified chemicals showed a great variation. The amount of nucleotides, flavonoids and polysaccharides in dates could be affected by its maturity and drying process. In parallel, the antioxidative functions of their extracts were compared. The date extracts protected PC12 cells against tBHP-induced cytotoxicity, and which also stimulated the transcriptional activity of antioxidant response element. The antioxidative effects were varied among different dates. The current results suggested the optimization of sources and specific usage of different maturity dates.
Demographic Survey OF The Spiritual Intelligence In Medical Faculty Of Qom University of Medical Sciences

Background and Objectives : Spiritual intelligence is a kind of ultimate intelligence that shows the conceptual and valuable issues and to solve the problems associated with it. the foundation of individual beliefs can have important role in various fields especially in the promotion and provision of psychic health . Thus, the aim of this study was to survey the rate of spiritual intelligence among the students of Medical Faculty of Qom University of Medical Sciences and the relation between this issue and other demographic features. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 353 nursing, midwifery and medicine students participated in the census method. The questionnaire used included spiritual intelligence and demographic features. We use statistical – descriptive and deductive tests and SPSS software for data analysis in the significant and valuable levels . Results: The mean and standard deviation of the students’ spiritual intelligence score was 152.93±18.83 from 210 . Also, the results showed that spiritual intelligence score did not have any significant statistical relationship with age , location , marital status , university admission and parents’ occupationand education ( p>0.05 ) . But it was observed that there was a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and mother’s education on the student’s average coarse score ( p<0.05 ) . Conclusion: The students of nursing, midwifery and medicine in the Medical Faculty of Qom University of Medical Sciences had relatively high spiritual intelligence that can help them to improve and maintain their psychic health
Absorbed organ and effective doses from digital intra-oral and panoramic radiography applying the ICRP 103 recommendations for effective dose estimations.

OBJECTIVE During dental radiography, the salivary and thyroid glands are at radiation risk. In 2007, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) updated the methodology for determining the effective dose, and the salivary glands were assigned tissue-specific weighting factors for the first time. The aims of this study were to determine the absorbed dose to the organs and to calculate, applying the ICRP publication 103 tissue-weighting factors, the effective doses delivered during digital intraoral and panoramic radiography. METHODS Thermoluminescent dosemeter measurements were performed on an anthropomorphic head and neck phantom. The organ-absorbed doses were measured at 30 locations, representing different radiosensitive organs in the head and neck, and the effective dose was calculated according to the ICRP recommendations. RESULTS The salivary glands and the oral mucosa received the highest absorbed doses from both intraoral and panoramic radiography. The effective dose from a full-mouth intraoral examination was 15 μSv and for panoramic radiography, the effective dose was in the range of 19-75 μSv, depending on the panoramic equipment used. CONCLUSION The effective dose from a full-mouth intraoral examination is lower and that from panoramic radiography is higher than previously reported. Clinicians should be aware of the higher effective dose delivered during panoramic radiography and the risk-benefit profile of this technique must be assessed for the individual patient. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The effective dose of radiation from panoramic radiography is higher than previously reported and there is large variability in the delivered radiation dosage among the different types of equipment used.
Expression of interleukin 17 and IgE, and its significance in patients with bronchial asthma

To investigate the expression and its significance of interleutin-17 (IL-17) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in patients with bronchial asthma, sixty adult patients with bronchial asthma and 30 healthy human control were sequentially enrolled in this study. The production of IL-17 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), respectively. The correlation between expression of IgE and IL-17 was analyzed. It was found that IL-17 was significantly up-regulated in bronchial asthma in comparison to the health control on mRNA level, and serum levels of IL-17 and IgE in bronchial asthma were significantly higher than those in health control, respectively (P < 0. 001). Significant positive correlation in bronchial asthma were found between expression of IL-17 and IgE (r = 0.7082, P = 0.0418). The present study implied that expressions of IL-17 and IgE play an important role in the development of bronchial asthma. Key words: Bronchial asthma, immunoglobulin E, interleukin-17, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Exploring smart grid and data center interactions for electric power load balancing

The operation of a data center consumes a tremendous amount of electricity, and the energy cost accounts for a large portion of the data center's operation cost. This leads to a growing interest towards reducing the energy cost of data centers. One approach advocated in recent studies is to distribute the computation workload among multiple geographically dispersed data centers by exploiting the electricity price differences. However, the impact of load redistributions on the power grid is not well understood yet. This paper takes the first step towards tackling this important issue, by studying how the power grid can take advantage of the data center's load distribution proactively for the purpose of power load balancing. We model the interactions between power grid and data centers as a two-stage problem, where the power grid operator aims to balance the electric power load in the first stage, and the data centers seek to minimize their total energy cost in the second stage. We show that this two-stage problem is a bilevel program with an indefinite quadratic objective function, which cannot be solved efficiently using standard convex optimization algorithms. Therefore, we reformulate this bilevel optimization problem as a linear program with additional finite complementarity slackness conditions, and propose a branch and bound algorithm to attain the globally optimal solution. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can improve the load balancing performance by around 12% in terms of the electric load index and reduce the energy cost of data centers by 46% on average.
Effect of cyclophosphamide on the microanatomy of liver of albino rats

Background: Cyclophosphamide is widely used in the treatment of various neoplastic diseases and diseases associated with altered immunity. Higher doses used for longer duration effects many organs like urinary bladder, lungs, liver, heart and male reproductive organs. Methods: To study the effect of cyclophosphamide on the micro anatomy of liver, sixty eight Albino rats were taken and divided into three groups, group A (control group) of 20 animals, were fed with routine diet, group B (low dose group) of 24 animals, were given cyclophosphamide at the dose of 0.5 mg/100 gms in addition to the routine diet and group C (high dose group) of 24 animals, were given high dose of cyclophosphamide at the dose of 0.7 mg/100 gms of weight of animal in addition to the routine diet. The animals were sacrificed at intervals of 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks, 5 microns sections of the tissue were prepared and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. Results: Microscopic changes in liver were apparent in the drug treated animals. In group B the changes appeared after 6 weeks while in group C they started appearing after 3 weeks of drug treatment. The changes were in the form of fatty changes, hemorrhages and central vein congestion. Conclusion: Cyclophosphamide induces histological changes like fatty infiltration and central vein congestion in the liver. These changes are with low doses given for longer durations and manifest earlier when larger doses are used. Thus it is advised that patients receiving cyclophosphamide should be periodically evaluated for liver dysfunction.
Analyzing the log patterns of adult learners in LMS using learning analytics

In this paper, we describe a process of constructing proxy variables that represent adult learners' time management strategies in an online course. Based upon previous research, three values were selected from a data set. According to the result of empirical validation, an (ir)regularity of the learning interval was proven to be correlative with and predict learning performance. As indicated in previous research, regularity of learning is a strong indicator to explain learners' consistent endeavors. This study demonstrates the possibility of using learning analytics to address a learner's specific competence on the basis of a theoretical background. Implications for the learning analytics field seeking a pedagogical theory-driven approach are discussed.
Pinned it! A Large Scale Study of the Pinterest Network

Pinterest is an image-based online social network, which was launched in the year 2010 and has gained a lot of traction, ever since. Within 3 years, Pinterest has attained 48.7 million unique users. This stupendous growth makes it interesting to study Pinterest, and gives rise to multiple questions about it's users, and content. We characterized Pinterest on the basis of large scale crawls of 3.3 million user profiles, and 58.8 million pins. In particular, we explored various attributes of users, pins, boards, pin sources, and user locations, in detail and performed topical analysis of user generated textual content. The characterization revealed most prominent topics among users and pins, top image sources, and geographical distribution of users on Pinterest. We then tried to predict gender of American users based on a set of profile, network, and content features, and achieved an accuracy of 73.17% with a J48 Decision Tree classifier. We then exploited the users' names by comparing them to a corpus of top male and female names in the U.S.A. , and achieved an accuracy of 86.18%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to predict gender on Pinterest.
The additional value of the lateral chest radiograph for the detection of small pulmonary nodules-a ROC analysis.

OBJECTIVE For the past 30 years, many authors have described different advantages of the use of the additional lateral chest radiograph. However, some radiologic departments gave up performing the lateral view recently. A potential reason for this might be a lack of evidence for any diagnostic benefit of the additional lateral view of the thorax in recent studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic benefit of the additional lateral view for the detection of small pulmonary nodules compared with CT examinations as a gold standard. METHOD The patient population consisted of 45 patients with SPN and 45 patients without SPN. Four radiologists with varying experience in the assessment of thoracic imaging first examined the sole posteroanterior (PA) projection. After a few days, they were instructed to examine the PA and the additional lateral view. A receiver-operating characteristic analysis was accomplished to compare the documented results. RESULTS The mean Az value of the sole PA view was 0.75 and 0.77 by the combination of PA and additional lateral view. So, there was no significant difference between the detectable Az values (Δ = 0.02; p = 0.384). With a cut-off value of >3, the additional view even reduced the sensitivity by averaging to 5.6%. The decrease of sensitivity by using the additional view was most detectable within the group of more experienced radiologists. CONCLUSION The additional lateral view of the chest provides no diagnostic benefit in the detection of small pulmonary nodules in comparison with the sole PA projection. Nevertheless, the results of the present study must not be understood as a general evaluation of the benefits of the lateral radiograph per se, because we did not examine other relevant issues (i.e. cardiac failure, lung parenchyma diseases or abnormalities in hilar anatomy). Advances in knowledge: Our study demonstrates a lack of evidence for any diagnostic benefit of the additional lateral view of the thorax in detecting SPN.
Inferring Twitter user locations with 10 km accuracy

Geographic locations of users form an important axis in public polls and localized advertising, but are not available by default. The number of users who make their locations public or use GPS tagging is relatively small, compared to the huge number of users in online social networking services and social media platforms. In this work we propose a new framework to infer a user's main location of activities in Twitter using their textual contents. Our approach is based on a probabilistic generative model that filters local words, employs data binning for scalability, and applies a map projection technique for performance. For Korean Twitter users, we report that 60% of users are identified within 10 km of their locations, a significant improvement over existing approaches.
Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1. 9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21
Learning through creating stories: developing student teachers understanding of the experiences of pupils with special educational needs in mainstream classrooms

This paper explores the roles of story in the training of teachers in the field of special education. It describes and evaluates a project that promoted the learning of student teachers both through hearing stories and writing stories themselves. The students combined their existing knowledge of schools and children with newly researched knowledge of an identified special need to create a story about the experiences of a pupil with special needs. The quality of work produced in this course, and the expressed changes in attitude suggest that story not only engages and motivates but also has the power to produce a deep level of understanding and a clear link with practice, with consequent potential for professional development and social action. It was the last day of term. 150 trainee teachers were attending for the final lecture before the start of the holiday. The lecturer had carefully prepared a Powerpoint presentation using both text and pictures. The lecturer started the session. Many of the students started writing. They were writing Christmas cards that were then passed around and opened by others. Smiles of acknowledgement were given. The lecturer felt separated from the students. She stopped and walked in front of the desk. 'I want to tell you a story,' she said ' about something that happened to me in a school last week. ' The students stopped what they were doing. They looked at the lecturer. The silence in the room was intense. At the end of the story the lecturer went back to her 'Powerpoint' slides and the students went back to their Christmas cards. '
The physiological consequences of different distributions of diffuse pleural thickening on CT imaging.

OBJECTIVE Diffuse pleural thickening (DPT) refers to extensive visceral pleural fibrosis with adhesion formation to the parietal pleura obliterating the pleural space. The radiological definition of DPT remains controversial with most of the literature requiring the presence of an obliterated costophrenic angle (CPA) for defining DPT. We conducted a study to investigate the variable distributions of DPT and associated lung function deficit. METHODS 85 patients referred to a pleural clinic with suspected pleural thickening were screened for our study. Data were collected from 37 patients with DPT confirmed on CT by size criteria (≥3 mm thick, ≥5 cm wide and ≥8 cm in length), and 21 controls with pleural plaques but no other pleuroparenchymal pathology. 27 patients were excluded. Groups were matched to age, body mass index and smoking history. RESULTS The percentage of predicted forced vital capacity showed a gradual decline from 98.9% for the control group to 83.5% in the DPT without CPA obliteration group (p < 0.05), to 79.5% in the unilateral DPT group (p < 0.001) and 66.7% in the bilateral group (p < 0.001). Similar reductions were seen in the percentage of predicted total lung capacity in the DPT with no CPA obliteration group and the bilateral DPT group. CONCLUSION Our study shows an incremental reduction in the forced vital capacity and total lung capacity in DPT without CPA obliteration, unilateral and bilateral DPT when compared with a matched control group. Advances in knowledge: Different distributions of DPT including no CPA obliteration can cause respiratory impairment, with bilateral DPT being the worst affected.
Effect of enalapril on infants and children with congestive heart failure

Summary The effect of enalapril, an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, was studied in 35 infants and children with congestive heart failure associated either with residual mitral or aortic regurgitation following intracardiac repair (24 patients) or with dilated cardiomyopathy (11 patients). Enalapril, at an average dose of 0.24 ±0.10 mg/kg, reduced the concentration of angiotensin II in the serum from 115 ± 67 pg/ml to 60 + 30 pg/ml and increased plasma renin activity from 25 + 24 ng/ml/hr to 45 ± 37 ng/ml/hr. There was a significant decrease in hepatomegaly, cardiothoracic ratio, heart rate and blood pressure in both groups of patients. Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension as evaluated by cross-sectional echocardiography, also decreased, whereas fractional shortening and systolic time intervals improved in both groups of patients. Adverse effects were noted in only one infant with postoperative mitral regurgitation who developed renal failure with oliguria, increase of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Renal function improved dramatically after discontinuation of enalapril. Hyperkalemia (>5mEq/ 1) was observed in four patients, three of whom were receiving spironolactone. Our results showed that enalapril is effective in improving hemodynamics in the relatively short-term treatment of infants and children with congestive heart failure due to postoperative volume overload or dilated cardiomyopathy. These conditions are poorly controlled with conventional medical therapy.
The Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism Consensus - Report of the Korean Thyroid Association

Hyperthyroidism is one of the causes of thyrotoxicosis and the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in Korea is Graves disease. The diagnosis and treatment of Graves disease are different according to geographical area. Recently, the American Thyroid Association and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists suggested new management guidelines for hyperthyroidism. However, these guidelines are different from clinical practice in Korea and are difficult to apply. Therefore, the Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) conducted a survey of KTA members regarding the diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism, and reported the consensus on the management of hyperthyroidism. In this review, we summarized the KTA report on the contemporary practice patterns in the diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism, and compared this report with guidelines from other countries.
Impact of intensity of practice after stroke: Issues for consideration

Purpose. The present debate paper addresses four relevant issues related to the impact of intensity of practice after stroke. First, the best way to define intensity of practice is discussed. Second, the paper describes the evidence that exists for a dose-response relationship in stroke rehabilitation. Third, the relevance of an appropriate patient selection for a meaningful intensive practice is explored. Finally, the paper raises the question of what it is that patients actually learn when they improve their functional skills. Search strategy. For this purpose articles from MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro, DARE and PiCarta and references presented in relevant publications were examined. Discussion and conclusion. Although, there is strong evidence that early augmented exercise therapy time (expressed as time dedicated to practice) may enhance functional recovery, there is a discrepancy between the evidence for the benefits of intensive practice, on the one hand, and, the implementation of intensive rehabilitation treatment programmes in the current healthcare system on the other. Further emphasis should be given on a better understanding of the time-dependency of prognostic factors that determine the effectiveness of intensive practice in patients with stroke. In addition, a better understanding is needed of the neurophysiological and biomechanical mechanisms that underlie compensation-related learning of functional tasks after stroke.