Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Cryosphere Influence of sea ice lead-width distribution on turbulent heat transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere

Leads are linear-like structures of open water within the sea ice cover that develop as the result of fracturing due to divergence or shear. Through leads, air and water come into contact and directly exchange latent and sensible heat through convective processes driven by the large temperature and moisture differences between them. In the central Arctic, leads only cover 1 to 2 % of the ocean during winter, but account for more than 70 % of the upward heat fluxes. Furthermore, narrow leads (several meters) are more than twice as efficient at transmitting turbulent heat than larger ones (several hundreds of meters). We show that lead widths are power law distributed, P(X) ∼ X−a with a > 1, down to very small spatial scales (20 m or below). This implies that the open water fraction is by far dominated by very small leads. Using two classical formulations, which provide first order turbulence closure for the fetch-dependence of heat fluxes, we find that the mean heat fluxes (sensible and latent) over open water are up to 55 % larger when considering the lead-width distribution obtained from a SPOT satellite image of the ice cover, compared to the situation where the open water fraction constitutes one unique large lead and the rest of the area is covered by ice, as it is usually considered in climate models at the grid scale. This difference may be even larger if we assume that the power law scaling of lead widths extends down to smaller ( ∼1 m) scales. Such estimations may be a first step towards a subgrid scale parameterization of the spatial distribution of open water for heat fluxes calculations in ocean/sea ice coupled models.
1 . 3 NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES , PROOFS OF PRINCIPLE IN LAMINOPATHIES

I1 An overview of new translational, clinical and therapeutic perspectives in laminopathies and other nuclear envelope-related diseases Annachiara De Sandre-Giovannoli, Nicolas Levy, Rabah Ben Yaou, France Leturcq, Giovanna Lattanzi, Gisèle Bonne Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910 & Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, La Timone Children’s hospital, APHM, 13385, Marseille, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut de Myologie, F-75013, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Broca-Hôtel Dieu, Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, Paris, France; CNR Institute for Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy E-mail: g.bonne@institut-myologie.org Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 2015, 10(Suppl 2):I1
A MODEL FOR ENHANCING EFL FRESHMAN STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY WITH MIND-MAPPING SOFTWARE

Results of a vocabulary pretest showed that students majoring in translation had several weaknesses such as: poor vocabulary knowledge, faulty pronunciation, inability to connect the pronunciation with the written form, relating words to their part of speech, poor spelling, and inability to categorize words into groups sharing the same semantic feature and others. This article shows EFL (English as a foreign language) instructors how mind-mapping software can be used to help students learn vocabulary effectively. Instruction with the mind-mapping software goes through six stages: orientation, presentation and modeling, guided practice, independent practice, extension activities, and assessment with examples of vocabulary mind-maps. Comparisons of vocabulary pre and posttest scores of students who used vocabulary mind-maps and those who did not, showed significant differences in vocabulary acquisition as revealed by the posttest. Students who used vocabulary mind-maps made higher gains in vocabulary acquisition and more accuracy in vocabulary knowledge.
The psychological factors that affect the mapping of thermal sensation to thermal evaluation

The physical environment leads to a thermal sensation, which is then evaluated by building occupants. The present study focusses on the relationship between sensation and evaluation. We asked 166 people to recall a thermal event from their recent past. They were then asked how they evaluated this experience in terms of ten different emotions (frustrated, resigned, dislike, indifferent, angry, anxious, liking, joyful, regretful, proud). We tested whether four psychological factors (appraisal dimensions) could be used to predict the ensuing emotions, comfort, acceptability and sensation. The four dimensions were: conduciveness of the event, who was responsible for the event, who had control and whether the event was expected. These dimensions, except for expectation, were good predictors of the reported emotions. Expectation was also useful for predicting thermal sensation, acceptability and comfort: the more expected an event was the more uncomfortable a person felt, and the less likely they reported a neutral thermal sensation. These results suggest a new way of conceptualising expectation and supports an embodied view of how subjective appraisals affect experience. Overall we show that appraisal dimensions mediate occupants’ evaluation of their thermal sensation, this suggests an additional method for understanding psychological adaption.
Assessment of genetic variability among some rabbit breeds using RAPD-DNA technique

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were employed to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among three Egyptian rabbit breeds (Gabali, Baladi Red and Baladi Black) along with New Zealand White breed as a reference population. A total of 120 animals were used in this study, 30 animals from each breed. Genomic DNA was extracted and PCR amplification was performed and the amplification products were resolved by electrophoresis. A total of 14 RAPD primers of arbitrary sequence were used to amplify pooled genomic DNA from these breeds, and only 10 primers generated reproducible, score able and polymorphic bands. Out of 131 bands scored, 74 bands (56.48%) were recognized as polymorphic and 57 bands (43.52%) as monomorphic. The highest percentage of polymorphic bands was recognized by primers OPB02 (94%) and OPB07 (92%), and the lowest percentage of polymorphic bands was recognized by primers OPA02(16%) and OPF12 (28%). One marker of OPA19 was identified as specific for New Zealand White, three markers detected by OPB02, OPA19 and OPA02 were specific for Baladi Black, four markers detected by OPA19, OPA20, OPB05 and OPB07 in Gabali, and five markers of OPB05, OPB02, OPA19, OPF12 and OPB14 were specific for Baladi Red. The band sharing frequencies (BSF) were found to be the highest between Baladi Red and Baladi Black (0.80± 0.038), followed by Gabali and Baladi Black (0.71±0.079 ), New Zealand White and Baladi Black (0.70±0.096), New Zealand White and Baladi Red (0.69±0.088) and the least BSF was found between New Zealand White and Gabali (0.64±0.081). Overall, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in BSF values between breeds. The closest genetic distance was found between Baladi Red and Baladi Black (0.87), while the lowest genetic distance was found between New Zealand White and Baladi Black (0.73).
MODULATORY ROLE OF ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS C AND E ON ERYTHROCYTE OSMOTIC FRAGILITY INDUCED BY CHRONIC SODIUM NITRATE ADMINISTRATION IN RATS

Vitamin C and E supplements were administered to sodium nitrate-treated rats in order to examine the possible ameliorative effects of these antioxidants on erythrocyte osmotic fragility. Seventy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups (n=10) and administered drugs or distilled water orally using a metallic canular for 60 days. Group I (control) received distilled water; Group II 30 mg/kg NaNO3; Group III – 30 mg/kg NaNO3 + 500 mg/kg vitamin C; Group IV – 30 mg/kg NaNO3 + 750 mg/kg vitamin C; Group V – 30 mg/kg NaNO3 + 300 mg/kg vitamin E; Group VI – 30 mg/kg NaNO3 + 400 mg/kg vitamin E; Group VII 30 mg/kg NaNO3 + 500 mg/kg vitamin C + 300 mg/kg vitamin E. Blood was collected from each animal at the end of the experiment to determine erythrocyte osmotic fragility. The results showed that, sodium nitrate caused significant decrease in erythrocyte osmotic fragility. Each of the vitamin administered separately increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility back to normal values. However, co-administration of the two vitamins very significantly increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility to above normal values. It was concluded that, vitamin C and E administered separately ameliorated sodium nitrate toxicity in a dose dependant manner. Co-administration of the two vitamins showed synergistic effect which was detrimental to the rats due to the risk of anaemia.
Work-Domain Experts as Evaluators: Usability Inspection of Domain-Specific Work-Support Systems

Abstract Can work-domain experts generate high-impact evaluation results when used as evaluators in usability inspections of domain-specific work-support systems? This study investigated this question empirically. Three applications were evaluated with group-based expert walkthroughs. The walkthroughs were conducted under 2 conditions—with either work-domain experts or usability experts as evaluators. The condition with usability experts served as the background on which to evaluate the performance and impact of the condition with work-domain experts. The work-domain experts identified a smaller number of items (user problem and/or design suggestion) than the usability experts. However, the items identified by the work-domain experts were on average classified as more severe, and the developers (groups or organizations carrying out subsequent development) gave higher priority to items identified by work-domain experts. As a consequence of the higher severity classification and priority given to the work-domain experts' items, it was concluded that work-domain experts may indeed produce high-impact evaluation results when used as evaluators in a usability inspection. The conclusion opens up exciting method development possibilities in the area of usability inspection methods. The study's research design also represents a fresh research approach to the evaluation of usability evaluation methods, utilizing the impact of the evaluation results in the subsequent development process as an evaluation criterion.
Rotifera : Eurotatoria ) from wetlands of Majuli – the largest river island , the Brahmaputra river basin of upper Assam , northeast India

small wetlands (dobas or dubies) of Majuli River Island (Long.: 93°–95° E, Lat.: 25°–27° N), upper Assam (Figure 1). Sampled beels are indicated in Table 1. The collections were made by towing plankton net (# 50 μm) and were preserved in 5% formalin. All the samples were screened, rotifers were isolated and mounted in polyvinyl alcohol-lactophenol mixture, and observed with Leica (DM 1000) stereoscopic phase contrast microscope fitted with an image analyzer. The different taxa were identified based on Koste (1978), Segers (1995) and Sharma and Sharma (1999, 2000, 2008). The reference collections (NEHU/BKS/Assam-Majuli: 1 NEHU/BKS/ Assam-Majuli: 180) are deposited in the holdings of Freshwater Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong.
Design of anchored retaining structures by numerical modelling

The use of advanced and widely available commercial finite element computer programs in design of anchored retaining structures confront designers with several challenges that may, if not properly accounted for, lead to poor and even unsafe design. The paper addresses this issue and proposes a strategy for numerical modelling of retaining structures in medium stiff to stiff soils. The proposed strategy is verified on three case histories and a good agreement is achieved between calculated and measured displacements of the retaining structures. Measures the designers could take to ensure the structural safety, particularly with regard to its brittleness, are also proposed. RÉSUMÉ L’emploi des méthodes numériques de calcul par éléments finis pour les ouvrages de soutènement ancrés confronte les concepteurs avec plusieurs défis qui pourraient conduire aux calculs faibles et même aux résultats qui ne sont pas de côté de la sécurité. L’article adresse ce problème et propose une stratégie pour la modélisation numérique des ouvrages de soutènement dans les sols de moyenne rigidité et les sols rigides. La stratégie proposée est vérifiée par trois cas concrets. Les mouvements des ouvrages de soutènement calculés et mesurés sont bien en accord. Les mesures que les concepteurs pourraient prendre pour assurer la sécurité de la construction, spécialement en ce qui concerne sa fragilité sont aussi proposées.
Hard Lessons from Alberta: The Difficulties of Applying EU-style Social Dialogue in Canada

The Difficulties of Applying EU-style Social Dialogue in Canada Jason Foster, Athabasca University Draft Paper to be presented at 47 CIRA Annual Congress Abstract: Europe’s model of tripartite “Social Dialogue” has long been elusive in English Canada, yet unions continue to look at the model as a possible path toward greater policy influence. Is social dialogue possible in a Canadian context? Is it in the interests of the labour movement? Do recent weaknesses exposed in Europe’s model diminish its desirability for Canadian unions? This paper examines two cases studies from the province of Alberta which reveal that a complex decision matrix faces unions considering participation in social dialogue. The necessary structural prerequisites for labour-friendly policy outcomes continue to be absent, but the process may hold some promise in limiting employer initiative, at least in narrow policy fields. Unions also need to consider possible consequences for their capacity to organize and mobilize.
SFS_CODE: More Efficient and Flexible Forward Simulations

SUMMARY Modern implementations of forward population genetic simulations are efficient and flexible, enabling the exploration of complex models that may otherwise be intractable. Here we describe an updated version of SFS_CODE, which has increased efficiency and includes many novel features. Among these features is an arbitrary model of dominance, the ability to simulate partial and soft selective sweeps, as well as track the trajectories of mutations and/or ancestries across multiple populations under complex models that are not possible under a coalescent framework. We also release sfs_coder, a Python wrapper to SFS_CODE allowing the user to easily generate command lines for common models of demography, selection, and human genome structure, as well as parse and simulate phenotypes from SFS_CODE output. Availability and Implementation Our open source software is written in C and Python, and are available under the GNU General Public License at http://sfscode.sourceforge. net. Contact ryan.hernandez@ucsf.edu Supplementary information Detailed usage information is available from the project website at http://sfscode.sourceforge. net.
Diversification and home bias in international investments : Evidence from ADRs of Chinese firms in US markets

This paper takes a close look at US institutional investors’ investment behavior on foreign assets by studying the ownership after considering all the transaction costs, including capital control in the foreign countries, explicit transaction costs and implicit transaction costs, and confirms there is still clear home bias existing among US institutional investors. Further tests on the sources of such bias show that US investors fail to predict stock to earn excess returns from US stocks and thus the irrationality of investment behaviors, such as neglect of diversification benefits and choosing stocks by familiarity rather than information advantage, are the main causes for home bias.
APPRAISAL OF SOURCE HEAD METHODS FOR CALCULATING RELIABILITY OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

This paper presents a new way of interpreting the results of the traditional demand-driven network analysis as an approximation to pressure-driven simulation so as to calculate the reliability of single-source networks. The approach is useful because most network modeling software packages use the demand-driven analysis approach and are incapable of simulating pressure-deficient conditions properly. The formulation draws from recent developments in pressure-driven simulation and can be used to calculate the reliability of an entire water distribution network or that of the individual demand nodes. The method herein is probabilistic in that the random nature of link failures is accounted for. Using a sample network, it is shown that the method has several advantages including simplicity and a very high computational efficiency.
Non-sequential decomposition, composition and presentation of multimedia content

This thesis discusses three major issues that arise in the context of non-sequential usage of multimedia content, i.e. a usage, where users only access content that is interesting for them. These issues are (1) semantically meaningful segmentation of videos, (2) composition of new video streams with content from different sources and (3) non-sequential presentation of multimedia content.
Modeling and simulation of the high strain-rate response of brain tissue for traumatic brain injury applications

The prediction of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of great importance for the development of protective systems and treatment approaches. This is an inherently multidisciplinary problem that requires accurate modeling and simulation of the loads, geometry and material response of the various components that make up the brain. The main goal of this work is to model and simulate the high strain-rate response of brain tissue. We propose a viscohyperelastic constitutive model for brain tissue, based on the data published in the literature for strain rates up to 3000% s. This new constitutive model is able to accurately capture the response of brain tissue for strains up to 40%. A detailed anatomical representation of human head, including brain, skull and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is developed from MRI scans. Interactions between brain tissue, CSF and skull during injury conditions are defined and all this knowledge is combined to carry out a detailed finite element simulation using the commercial FEA solver LS DYNA. The response of the head to various conditions such as frontal and lateral impacts is studied. The talk will address current challenges and opportunities in TBI simulations, discuss details of the proposed viscohyperelastic material model, and present preliminary results from simulations.
The optimal strategy of multimodality therapies for resectable gastric cancer: evidence from a network meta-analysis

Background: Controversy continues regarding the optimal strategy of multimodality therapies for resectable gastric cancer. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of surgery combined with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) by integrating the direct and indirect method. Methods: A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed through Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and PMC databases. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome of interest. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted and treatments were ranked based on their effectiveness for improving survival. Results: Fifty-six RCTs involving 12,435 patients were included. Overall analysis showed that neoadjuvant CRT resulted in a statistically significantly better OS compared with adjuvant CT, adjuvant RT, adjuvant CRT, neoadjuvant CT, neoadjuvant RT, and surgery alone. Moreover, subgroup analysis of D2 lymphadenectomy revealed that neoadjuvant CRT was not significant superior to neoadjuvant CT (HR = 0.67, 95% CrI 0.41-1.08), adjuvant CRT (HR = 0.67, 95% CrI 0.37-1.21), and adjuvant CT (HR = 0.60, 95% CrI 0.35-1.04). With a tendency to survival benefit, neoadjuvant CRT had an 89% probability of being the best selection. Conclusions: Our study showed no significant survival advantage for neoadjuvant CRT, though the highest probability of being the best treatment was observed. Further clinical trials are essential to determine the value of neoadjuvant CRT, especially in D2 lymphadenectomy subgroup.
Selected prognostic factors in ovarian cancer

1 Katedra i Klinika Onkologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu 2 I Katedra i Klinika Ginekologii Onkologicznej i Ginekologii UM w Lublinie 3 Klinika Perinatologii i Chorób Kobiecych Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu Correspondence to: Dr hab. n. med. Anna Markowska, Klinika Perinatologii i Chorób Kobiecych UM im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, ul. Polna 33, 60-535 Poznań, e-mail: annamarkowska@vp.pl Source of financing: Department own sources
Lessons for the Application of Renewable Energy Technologies in High Density Urban Locations

This paper examines the commercial and construction-level applicability of a range of renewable (low or zero fossil energy) technologies to a project comprising 5 No 100 unit apartment blocks of new high density urban residential development. The paper addresses the level of carbon reduction compared to capital costs of all measures compliant with current British sustainable development planning policy. The paper sets out other non-planning compliant strategies in terms of carbon reduction compared to capital cost to determine if a prescriptive target setting policy approach leads to the most effective use of capital in achieving carbon saving. The paper also examines the architectural and ongoing building management implications of successful integration of such technologies, as well as the longer-term life-cycle considerations of the different technologies and the implications on life-cycle costs. The paper also makes firm suggestions as to the appropriateness of on-site methods of renewable energy generation compared to an auditable investment approach to off-site renewable energy generation.
3 SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS Vascular , Pulmonary and Immunological Aspects

3 ABBREVIATIONS. 4 ORIGINAL PAPERS. 5 INTRODUCTION. 6 SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. 6 Definition. 6 Disease criteria and classification of subsets. 6 Overlap disorders. 6 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. 6 Incidence and prevalence. 6 Female to male ratio. 7 Prevalence according to disease subsets. 7 Age at peak incidence. 7 5and 10 years survival. 7 Mortality in relation to disease subset. 7 Causes of death. 8 DISEASE MANIFESTATIONS IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. 8 Skin changes. 8 Clinical skin changes. 8 Histopathology of the skin lesion. 8 Endothelial cells. 8 Leukocytes. 8 Fibroblasts. 8 Involvement of the gastro-intestinal tract. 9 Oesophagus and stomach. 9 Smaller and greater intestine. 9 Cardiac involvement. 9 Renal engagement. 10 Pulmonary hypertension.10 ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. 1