Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mesoscopic Eigenvalue Density Correlations of Wigner Matrices Yukun

The celebrated Wigner-Gaudin-Mehta-Dyson (WGMD) (or sine kernel) statistics of random matrix theory describes the universal correlations of eigenvalues on the microscopic scale, i.e. correlations of eigenvalue densities at points whose separation is comparable to the typical eigenvalue spacing. We investigate to what extent these statistics remain valid on mesoscopic scales, where the densities are measured at points whose separation is much larger than the typical eigenvalue spacing. In the mesoscopic regime, density-density correlations are much weaker than in the microscopic regime. More precisely, we compute the connected two-point spectral correlation function of a Wigner matrix at two mesoscopically separated points. We obtain a precise and explicit formula for the two-point function. Among other things, this formula implies that the WGMD statistics are valid to leading order on all mesoscopic scales, that the real symmetric terms contain subleading corrections matching precisely the WGMD statistics, while in the complex Hermitian case these subleading corrections are absent. We also uncover non-universal subleading correlations, which dominate over the universal ones beyond a certain intermediate mesoscopic scale. Our formula reproduces, in the extreme macroscopic regime, the well-known non-universal correlations of linear statistics on the macroscopic scale. Thus, our results bridges, within one continuous unifying picture, two previously unrelated classes of results in random matrix theory: correlations of linear statistics and microscopic eigenvalue universality. The main technical achievement of the proof is the development of an algorithm that allows to compute asymptotic expansions up to arbitrary accuracy of arbitrary correlation functions of mesoscopic linear statistics for Wigner matrices. Its proof is based on a hierarchy of SchwingerDyson equations for a sufficiently large class of polynomials in the entries of the Green function. The hierarchy is indexed by a tree, whose depth is controlled using stopping rules. A key ingredient in the derivation of the stopping rules is a new estimate on the density of states, which we prove to have bounded derivatives of all order on all mesoscopic scales.
Evaluation and Correlation of the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and Rapid Office Strain Assessment Methods for Predicting the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background: During the last two decades, the scale of computer use has been surprisingly increased. In 2000, 80% of workers stated that they use computer in their daily activities. The tendency to use computer is accompanied with healthy risk and the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders between 10 to 60 percent of computer users. Aims to study, risk assessment by RULA and ROSA methods, surveying the correlation of these methods, and evaluating the prediction ability of these methods in the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders among office workers. Methods: This analytic-descriptive study performed at Behbahan University of Medical Sciences and Imam Khomeini port office in 2016. The sample consists of 236 office workers through simple random sampling method. Body map questionnaire as well as RULA and ROSA checklists were used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out by SPSS software, version 22, and statistical tests including one way ANOVA, Pearson, and Chi-square. Results: The results demonstrated that most of the musculoskeletal disorders are related to trunk, neck and back regions by 40.4%, 39.7%, and 35.4% respectively. The furthest risk distribution in ROSA method is at warning level (67.2%) and at high and very high levels in RULA method (62%). Pearson Test showed a positive significant correlation between these methods (P 0.05). One way ANOVA statistical test divulged a significant relationship between risk of musculoskeletal disorders and gender (P 0.05). Conclusion : Due of the weak correlation between RULA and ROSA, it can't be surely stated that one may be used as an alternative to the other; however, RULA is better than ROSA to predict the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
Research on prokaryocyte expression and biological activity of the core region of Bloom's Syndrome protein

To establish an effective approach for inducing expression of the RecQ core of Bloom’s Syndrome protein (BLM 642-1290 ) and assaying its biological activity in vitro , BLM 642-1290 recombinant protein was expressed with IPTG at room temperature in Escherichia coli , and then the expressed product was assayed using SDS-PAGE and western blotting. After purification via affinity chromatography, DNA binding activity and unwinding activity of the protein were assessed by fluorescence polarization. Furthermore, the ATPase activity of the protein was also assayed using ultraviolet spectrophotometry based on PiColorLock Gold reagent. An effective expression method was established for BLM protein in E. coli . The obvious bioactivities of the protein were observed in binding to ssDNA or dsDNA, unwinding the dsDNA in the presence of ATP, as well as catalyzing ATP hydrolysis in the presence of ssDNA in vitro . The prokaryocyte expression method of BLM 642-1290 was established successfully and the protein with biological activity was obtained from recombinant E.coli . This would be significant to provide a better understanding on BLM protein and facilitate the elucidation of mechanism of pathopoiesia in Bloom’s Syndrome. Keywords: BLM 642-1290 protein, induced expression, enzymatic activity
An information-theoretic approach to normal forms for relational and XML data

Normalization as a way of producing good relational database designs is a well-understood topic. However, the same problem of distinguishing well-designed databases from poorly designed ones arises in other data models, in particular, XML. While, in the relational world, the criteria for being well designed are usually very intuitive and clear to state, they become more obscure when one moves to more complex data models.Our goal is to provide a set of tools for testing when a condition on a database design, specified by a normal form, corresponds to a good design. We use techniques of information theory, and define a measure of information content of elements in a database with respect to a set of constraints. We first test this measure in the relational context, providing information-theoretic justification for familiar normal forms such as BCNF, 4NF, PJ/NF, 5NFR, DK/NF. We then show that the same measure applies in the XML context, which gives us a characterization of a recently introduced XML normal form called XNF. Finally, we look at information-theoretic criteria for justifying normalization algorithms.
TEMPORAL STRUCTURE OF PEDALING CADENCE VARIABILITY DURING ROAD-BASED CYCLING

The purpose of this study was to analyse the temporal structure of pedalling cadence variability for two groups of subjects (i.e. experienced cyclists and non-experienced cyclists). Pedalling cadence was measured for different parts of the pedalling cycle (i.e. transition and stroke phases) during a road-based ride. Mean ±standard deviation (SD) was calculated and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) was applied to the cadence time-series. Smaller standard deviation was calculated in experienced cyclists compared to the non-experienced cyclists during the transition phases (p=0.02) and stroke phases (p=0.03). DFA values were lower in the group of experienced cyclists compared to the group of non experienced cyclists, for both transition phases (p=0.02) and stroke phases (p=0.02). Differences in cadence regulation were observed between experienced and non-experienced cyclists.
Bishop score versus transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length in predicting successful labor induction in post-term pregnancy: prospective cohort study

Background: The current study aims to compare the efficacy of Bishop score assessment and transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of the cervical length in prediction of the outcome of labor induction in post-term pregnancy.Methods: A comparative Prospective observational study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kom Ombo central hospital from January 2017 to October 2017. Pregnant women were classified into two groups of Bishop Score Group (1): ladies with (Bishop Score <5) = unfavorable cervix and Group (2): those with (Bishop Score >5) = favorable cervix. Also, they were classified into two groups of cervical lengths: Group (1): women with (cervical length <25mm, shorter cervix) and Group (2): those with (cervical length ≥25 mm, longer cervix). The Primary outcome was Bishop score by digital examination and Cervical length by TVS.Results: The study group was 100 women. Regarding sonographic assessment, 44 patients had cervical length <25 mm and the mean cervical length for the whole study group was 25.19±8.16 mm. Successful induction was achieved in 78 patients (78%), while CS was done in 22 patients due to failed induction. No difference between both groups regarding the parity (p=0.063). When comparing women with successful VD versus those delivered by CS, we found significantly higher Bishop score in the first group 5.12 ± 1.93 vs 3.89 ± 1.71 in the second group (p=0.002). Additionally, VD group had significantly shorter cervix than CS group (22.31 ±7.14 vs. 35.37± 5.80 mm, p=0.007). The Bishop score showed significant moderate negative correlation with the cervical length (r=-0.589, p=0.001). Conclusions: Success of labor induction in women undergoing induction due to prolonged pregnancy can be highly predicted by cervical length as it is more objective and accurate than Bishop Score. The 25 mm cut-off point for cervical length was the best predictor of vaginal delivery.
The Impact of Pro-Vulnerable Income Transfers: Leisure, Dependency and a Distribution Hypothesis

This paper studies a transmission mechanism through which pro-vulnerable income transfers may affect individual decision-making of non-beneficiaries in an extreme poverty context, leading to labor supply contraction and the so-called dependency syndrome. The argument is based on the distributional distortion this transfer may provoke to the relative quality of leisure, enjoyed by the population in an extreme poverty scenario. Assuming the existence of vulnerable individuals and different income groups based on certain physical, economic, or social characteristics, the author studies their decision processes and, in particular, their reactions to the aid program. The results of this theoretical research provide some insights on the conditions that an optimal pro-poor income transfer should present. A literature review is presented in support of the arguments made in the theoretical part.
The Iberian Peninsula thermal low

Statistics of the thermal low above the Iberian Peninsula are presented for the period between 1979 and 1993, based on gridded data from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis project. The sample of days with a thermal low above the Iberian Peninsula was selected objectively using criteria applied to mean‐sea‐level pressure and 925 hPa geopotential fields. The synoptic‐ and regional‐scale horizontal structure is characterized by the climatology of the 500 hPa geopotential and mean‐sea‐level pressure distributions. The diurnal evolution of the mean‐sea‐level pressure is portrayed by mean fields at 00, 06, 12 and 18 U TC. The climatological vertical structure of the thermal low is shown by relation to meridional and zonal cross‐sections passing through the thermal low's centre. The diurnal evolution of the divergence, relative vorticity, potential temperature and vertical velocity is investigated. Statistics are presented also for the monthly frequency, geographical location, vertical extent and intensity of the Iberian thermal low. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society
The banks that said no: banking relationships, credit supply and productivity in the UK

This paper uses a large firm-level dataset of UK companies and information on their pre-crisis lending relationships to identify the causal links from changes in credit supply to the real economy following the 2008 financial crisis. Controlling for demand in the product market, we find that the contraction in credit supply reduced labour productivity, wages and the capital intensity of production at the firm level. Firms experiencing adverse credit shocks were also more likely to fail, other things equal. We find that these effects are robust, statistically significant and economically large, but only when instruments based on pre-crisis banking relationships are used. We show that banking relationships were conditionally randomly assigned and were strong predictors of credit supply, such that any bias in our estimates is likely to be small.
OF NEOADJUVANT CAPECITABINE AND IRINOTECAN OR CAPECITABINE AND OXALIPLATIN WITH CONCURRENT RADIOTHERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH LOCALLYADVANCED RECTAL CANCER

*Medical College ofWisconsin, Milwaukee,WI; yRadiation Therapy Oncology Group Statistical Center, Philadelphia, PA; zUniversity Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; xThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; {Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA; kM. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; **Schiffler Cancer Center, Wheeling, WV; yyIntermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT; zzMayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and xxDuke University, Durham, NC
Phototherapy using NB-UVB and PUVA is beneficial in steroid dependent antihistamine refractory chronic urticaria : A randomized prospective observer blinded comparative study Running title : Phototherapy in chronic refractory urticaria

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/bjd.14778 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Received Date : 27-Nov-2015 Revised Date : 01-May-2016 Accepted Date : 29-May-2016 Article type : Original Article
Mechanisms underlying the repellent effects of predator odours in rodents View project

1. The abundance of shrubs has increased throughout Earth’s arid lands. This ‘shrub encroachment’ has been linked to livestock grazing, fire-suppression and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations facilitating shrub recruitment. Apex predators initiate trophic cascades which can influence the abundance of many species across multiple trophic levels within ecosystems. Extirpation of apex predators is linked inextricably to pastoralism, but has not been considered as a factor contributing to shrub encroachment. 2. Here, we ask if trophic cascades triggered by the extirpation of Australia’s largest terrestrial predator, the dingo (Canis dingo), could be a driver of shrub encroachment in the Strzelecki Desert, Australia. 3. We use aerial photographs spanning a 51-year period to compare shrub cover between areas where dingoes are historically rare and common. We then quantify contemporary patterns of shrub, shrub seedling and mammal abundances, and use structural equation modelling to compare competing trophic cascade hypotheses to explain how dingoes could influence shrub recruitment. Finally, we track the fate of seedlings of an encroaching shrub, hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa angustissima), during a period optimal for seedling recruitment, and quantify removal rates of hopbush seeds by rodents from enriched seed patches. 4. Shrub cover was 26–48% greater in areas where dingoes were rare than common. Our structural equation modelling supported the hypothesis that dingo removal facilitates shrub encroachment by triggering a four level trophic cascade. According to this model, increased mesopredator abundance in the absence of dingoes results in suppressed abundance of consumers of shrub seeds and seedlings, rodents and rabbits respectively. In turn, suppressed abundances of rodents and rabbits in the absence of dingoes relaxed a recruitment bottleneck for shrubs. The results of our SEM were supported by results showing that rates of hopbush seedling survival and seed removal were 1 7 times greater and 2 1 times lower in areas where dingoes were rare than common. 5. Our study provides evidence linking the suppression of an apex predator to the historic encroachment of shrubs. We contend that trophic cascades induced by apex predator extirpation may be an overlooked driver of shrub encroachment. Key-words: arid lands, dingo, fire, herbivore, mesopredator release hypothesis, shrub encroachment, top predator, trophic cascade *Correspondence author. E-mails: gordonc@uow.edu. au and cgor6229@hotmail.com © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology © 2016 British Ecological Society Journal of Animal Ecology 2017, 86, 147–157 doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12607
Phase I Clinical Studies of the Advanced Glycation End-product ( AGE )-Breaker TRC 4186 Safety , Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Subjects

Background and objective: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications through a variety of mechanisms including endothelial dysfunction and structural abnormalities in the vasculature and myocardium. Reducing the AGEs burden and their ensuing pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidative and pro-coagulant effect with associated dysfunctional proteins in various target tissues may retard the progression of and even reverse diabetic macroand microvascular complications. Pyridinium, 3-[[2-(methylsulfonyl) hydrazino] carbonyl]-1-[2-oxo2-2-thienyl) ethyl]-chloride (TRC4186) has demonstrated AGE-breaking activities in in vitro experiments and improvement in the endothelial and myocardial function in animal models of diabetes mellitus with reduction of AGEs accumulation in tissues over time. The safety of TRC4186 has been established in in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. Thus, this drug is being developed for the treatment of complications associated with diabetes. This investigation set out to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of TRC4186 in healthy human subjects after single and multiple ascending doses, fixed doses in elderly male and female subjects, and with food and different formulations of the compound. Methods: Four studies were conducted during phase I clinical development of TRC4186. These were: (i) a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose, dose-ascending study in healthy male subjects with doses of TRC4186 ranging from 250 to 2500mg administered as an oral solution (total six doses); (ii) a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose, dose-ascending study in healthy male subjects with three doses of TRC4186 ranging from 500 to 2000mg twice daily for 6 days with a final single dose on day 7; (iii) a randomized, open-label, three-way crossover study to assess the ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Clin Drug Invest 2009; 29 (9): 559-575 1173-2563/09/0009-0559/$49.95/0 a 2009 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved.
Trading and Under-Diversification

This paper documents a link between trading and diversi cation by using detailed trading records from a Swedish discount broker matched to individual tax records. Investors' diversification is measured by stake size, defined as the fraction of their risky financial wealth invested in individual stocks at the broker under study. High stake investors have concentrated portfolios, trade more, and achieves lower trading performance. They share several features with those who trade excessively: they have lower income, wealth, age, and education, suggesting that they lack investment expertise. The results directly imply that trading losses in the cross-section mainly are borne by those who can least afford them.
LHC updated hadronic interaction packages analyzed up to cosmic-ray energies

The results of high energy simulated experiments where a given hadronic particle impacts on a given target are statistically analysed. The energy range of the projectiles goes from below the LHC scale up to the highest cosmic ray energies. This study was carried out by using the pre and post-LHC versions of the hadronic interaction models QGSJET, EPOS and SIBYLL. Our analysis indicates that the post-LHC models present smaller differences in various quantities that characterize the secondary particles produced after the hadronic collisions, in comparison with the corresponding differences that are found comparing the respective old (pre-LHC) versions of the hadronic models. However, it is also found that there exist some discrepancies among models that persist even at the LHC energy scale, that call for further theoretical investigation.
COLONY MAPPING: A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR MONITORING CREVICE-NESTING SEABIRDS

Abstract Monitoring populations of auklets and other crevice-nesting seabirds remains problematic, although numerous methods have been attempted since the mid-1960s. Anecdotal evidence suggests several large auklet colonies have recently decreased in both abundance and extent, concurrently with vegetation encroachment and succession. Quantifying changes in the geographical extent of auklet colonies may be a useful alternative to monitoring population size directly. We propose a standardized method for colony mapping using a randomized systematic grid survey with two components: a simple presence/absence survey and an auklet evidence density survey. A quantitative auklet evidence density index was derived from the frequency of droppings and feathers. This new method was used to map the colony on St. George Island in the southeastern Bering Sea and results were compared to previous colony mapping efforts. Auklet presence was detected in 62 of 201 grid cells (each grid cell = 2500 m2) by sampling a randomly placed 16 m2 plot in each cell; estimated colony area = 155 000 m2. The auklet evidence density index varied by two orders of magnitude across the colony and was strongly correlated with means of replicated counts of birds socializing on the colony surface. Quantitatively mapping all large auklet colonies is logistically feasible using this method and would provide an important baseline for monitoring colony status. Regularly monitoring select colonies using this method may be the best means of detecting changes in distribution and population size of crevice-nesting seabirds.
Plankton-pigment relationships in the northwestern Mediterranean during stratification

During May 1989, the composition of the phytoplankton con~munity and the distribution of photosynthetic pigments was studied at a series of stations across the Catalan front (Northwestern Mediterranean). The water column presented a stratified structure, with a well-marked pigment maximum between 40 and 60 m depth. This maximum, which included chlorophylls a, band c and several carotenoids, resulted from increased biomass of different phytoplankton taxa, as measured by epifluorescence and inverted microscope techniques, and from higher cellular content of most of the measured pigments (including chlorophylls and fucoxanthin derivatives). An exception was zeaxanthin, which showed a maximum at depth, but appeared to accumulate in Synechococcus spp. cells of the upper euphotic zone A patch of high phaeophorbide concentration near the front was associated to elevated mesozooplankton abundance. Changes in pigment/cell ratios throughout the deep pigment maximum layer suggest that this is a zone of significant gradients in parameters affecting phytoplankton growth.