Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Missing Value Imputation in Microarray Data by Using Gene Regulatory Information

Accurate estimation of missing values in microarray data is important for the expression profile analysis. In this paper, missing value imputation is done with the aid of gene regulatory mechanism. It incorporates histone acetylation into the conventional k-nearest neighbor and local least square imputation algorithms for final prediction. The comparison results indicated that the proposed method consistently improves the widely used methods and outperforms GOimpute in terms of normalized root mean squared error(NRMSE), which is one of the existing related methods that use the functional similarity as the external information. The results demonstrated histone acetylation information may be more highly correlated with the gene expression than that of functional similarity.
Specification and Reasoning about Shared Realizations : An Illustrative Example

While the general idea of data abstraction is well understood and most formal specification methods support their development and use in some form or the other, object encapsulation through component development in modern programming languages remains a problem, because clients can violate the abstraction by accessing object internals through aliased object references. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how to make use of a shared representation and reference copying for efficiency in a data abstraction implementation, yet avoid clients from having to reason about aliased references. The paper illustrates the ideas with a detailed example in which a shared realization is employed to produce an (amortized cost) constant time implementation of an operation to copy a buffer. It discusses the specification and reasoning machinery necessary to prove that a realization with a shared data representation is correct with respect to an abstract specification, and shows how clients of such realizations can be verified using abstract interfaces alone.
Inexact Gradient Projection and Fast Data Driven Compressed Sensing

We study the convergence of the iterative projected gradient (IPG) algorithm for arbitrary (possibly non-convex) sets when both the gradient and projection oracles are computed approximately. We consider different notions of approximation of which we show that the progressive fixed precision and the $(1+ \varepsilon)$ -optimal oracles can achieve the same accuracy as for the exact IPG algorithm. We show that the former scheme is also able to maintain the (linear) rate of convergence of the exact algorithm under the same embedding assumption. In contrast, the $(1+ \varepsilon)$ -approximate oracle requires a stronger embedding condition, moderate compression ratios and it typically slows down the convergence. We apply our results to accelerate solving a class of data driven compressed sensing problems, where we replace iterative exhaustive searches over large data sets by fast approximate nearest neighbor search strategies based on the cover tree data structure. For data sets with low intrinsic dimensions, our proposed algorithm achieves a complexity logarithmic in terms of the data set population as opposed to the linear complexity of a brute force search. By running several numerical experiments, we conclude similar observations as predicted by our theoretical analysis.
Congenital erythrocytosis

Congenital erythrocytosis is by definition present from birth. Patients frequently present in childhood or as young adults and a family history may be present. The erythrocytosis can be primary where there is a defect in the erythroid compartment of secondary where increased erythropoietin production produced due to the defect leads to an erythrocytosis.
Association between the D2 dopamine receptor gene and alcoholism. A continuing controversy.

The idea that alcoholism is familial has been accepted for centuries. However, familial does not translate directly to hereditary . Studies on twins, raised together and apart (adoption studies), clearly show that there is a major genetic component to alcoholism. In fact, more recent studies on a total of 1775 children born to single mothers in Stockholm, Sweden, between 1930 and 1949, their adoptive families, and their biological parents have identified at least two of the following classes of alcoholics: milieu-limited (type 1) and malelimited (type 2). Although type 2 alcoholism is more frequent in men, their female siblings show an abnormally high prevalence of somatization disorder. Type 2 alcoholism is highly inheritable from father to son, regardless of environmental background. On the other hand, in the Swedish adoption study, the risk of type 1 alcoholism to siblings increased as a function of both biological family history and adoptive environment. 1
Investigating modality selection strategies

This paper describes a user study about the influence of efficiency on modality selection (speech vs. virtual keyboard/ speech vs. physical keyboard) and perceived mental effort. Efficiency was varied in terms of interaction steps. Based on previous research it was hypothesized that the number of necessary interaction steps determines the preference for a specific modality. Moreover the relationship between perceived mental effort, modality selection and efficiency was investigated. Results showed that modality selection is strongly dependent on the number of necessary interaction steps. Task duration and modality selection showed no correlation. Also a relationship between mental effort and modality selection was not observed.
A New Modeling of the Overlapping T Wave for the efficient Estimation of the P-R Intervals during Exercise and Recovery

The analysis of the heart period series is a difficult task especially under graded exercise conditions. Having a good tool to characterize the P-R and R-R intervals, i.e. a good method of time delay estimation, would carry out a better knowledge of the neural activity during exercise and recovery in the field of pacemaker's design. Unfortunately, for the P-R intervals, the problem of estimation has been rarely addressed. In this paper, we propose a new method for estimating the P-R intervals based on an iterative Maximum-Likelihood approach. The main contribution is to take into account the overlapping T wave on ECG recorded during exercise. The goal of this study is to compute a model of the T wave which overlaps the P wave and then to cancel this influence before the determination of the P-R intervals.
Prospecting the influenza hemagglutinin to develop universal vaccines.

Influenza pandemics are among the most serious infectious threats to public health. The 1918‐1919 influenza pandemic caused up to 500,000 deaths during a single influenza season in the United States, representing the most fatalities within such a short period in US public health history. The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic caused much less mortality but nevertheless exposed important limitations of global pandemic preparedness. [1, 2, 3]. First, the 2009 H1N1 virus was not detected by animal health surveillance systems for . 10 years, exposing the inadequacy of current surveillance for viruses in animals that have pandemic potential for humans [4]. Second, the emergence of a pandemic virus with the same HA and NA subtypes as viruses that had been circulating in humans for decades (seasonal H1N1 virus) underscored the need to better understand immunity to emerging influenza viruses in the human population [4]. Finally, the 2009 H1N1 pandemic exposed our current inability to develop, manufacture, deliver, and administer billions of doses of vaccine directed against a newly emerging virus in the 4 months or less that would have been required to mitigate the impact of the spread of the 2009 H1N1 virus. [5]. Thus, several strategic changes in pandemic vaccine preparedness plans have been recommended [6]. The proposed changes are costly and often not affordable for low- and middle-income countries. Thus, sustainable long-term solutions will require the development of novel immunization strategies. The concept of a universal influenza vaccine that would elicit protection against a broad range of antigenically diverse influenza viruses, including different
Reconstructing the times of past and future personal events

ABSTRACT Humans have the remarkable ability to mentally travel through past and future times. However, while memory for the times of past events has been much investigated, little is known about how imagined future events are temporally located. Using a think-aloud protocol, we found that the temporal location of past and future events is rarely directly accessed, but instead mostly relies on reconstructive and inferential strategies. References to lifetime periods and factual knowledge (about the self, others, and the world) were most frequently used to determine the temporal location of both past and future events. Event details (e.g., places, persons, or weather conditions) were also used, but mainly for past events. Finally, the results showed that events whose temporal location was directly accessed were judged more important for personal goals. Together, these findings shed new light on the mechanisms involved in locating personal events in past and future times.
Treatment Expectation for Pain Coping Skills Training: Relationship to Osteoarthritis Patients' Baseline Psychosocial Characteristics

ObjectivesThis study examined predictors of treatment expectation among osteoarthritis (OA) patients in a multisite clinical trial of pain coping skills training (CST). MethodsPatients (N=171) completed a pretreatment assessment battery that asked questions about treatment expectations, pain coping variables, pain, physical function, psychological distress, quality of life, and depression as well as background demographic and medical variables. ResultsRegression analyses indicated that several variables accounted for 21% of the variance in treatment expectations (P<0.0001). Patients who were classified as adaptive copers, reported higher self-efficacy and social interaction, had higher quality of life, and who had lower levels of affective distress and depression had more positive expectations about engaging in pain CST. Variables that were not associated with treatment expectation were level of pain and physical dysfunction, duration of disease, and disability status as well as demographic variables. DiscussionAlthough many OA patients will approach pain CST with positive expectations, others have lower expectations. This study suggests that a multidimensional assessment of OA patients with chronic pain can identify those who have higher expectations versus lower expectations. The results suggest that patients who are psychologically distressed are less optimistic about engaging in treatment and that these patients, in particular, may benefit from and need pretreatment motivational interviewing to enhance their uptake of pain coping skills.
Comparative efficacy of powdered form of stevia ( Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves and glimepiride in induced diabetic rats

Now a day, various medicinal plants are becoming popular for the treatment of different diseases. Some medicinal plants are being used for the treatment of diabetes all over the world. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of powdered form of Stevia ( Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves on blood glucose concentration and body weight in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and for its efficacy study with a patent drug, Glimepiride. The effects of powdered form of Stevia leaves was evaluated in the Streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg body weight as single intraperitoneal injection) induced diabetic rats and for this, powdered form of Stevia leaves was orally administered at three different dose rates of 150 mg/kg, 200 mg/Kg and 250 mg/Kg body weight, respectively once a day for 3 weeks. Changes in the blood glucose levels and body weights were measured and the data obtained were compared with that of Glimepiride statistically by using Student's unpaired t-test. The powdered form of Stevia leaves produced significant (p Key words: Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, glimepiride, streptozotocin, diabetic rat doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2338 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 211-215
Morphologic change in vertebral body after percutaneous vertebroplasty: follow-up with MDCT.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate maintenance of spinal canal size and restoration of vertebral height and wedge angle after percutaneous vertebroplasty. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study included 27 patients (19 women, eight men) with osteoporotic compression fractures (52 vertebrae). MDCT with multiplanar reformation was performed within 1 day before and 1 hour after the procedure and 1 year after the procedure on a routine or as-needed basis. The degree of retropulsion, smallest size of the spinal canal, and vertebral height and wedge angle were measured. Statistical analyses were performed with the paired Student's t and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in degree of retropulsion or size of the spinal canal before and after treatment and at the follow-up evaluation (p > 0.05). Even in the 36 vertebrae with spinal canal compromise before the procedure, there was no significant change in spinal stenosis (p > 0.05). Vertebral height and wedge angle were restored immediately after treatment (1.2 mm and 2.8 degrees , p < 0.05). These restorations were more prominent in vertebrae with fracture clefts than in those without clefts (p < 0.05). Restoration of vertebral height and wedge angle were diminished, but the preprocedure results were maintained in follow-up (0.4 mm and 1.1 degrees , p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Vertebroplasty can maintain vertebral height and wedge angle and spinal canal size at least 1 year after treatment.
Detecting substitution attacks against non-colluding relays

The goal of this paper is to obtain the channel conditions (if exist) under which substitution attacks performed by relay node(s) in a relay network can be detected. The network model considered consists of a source node and a destination node. There are two independent transmission paths from the source to the destination, each via a potentially malicious relay which may perform substitution attacks by forwarding altered symbols to the destination. The destination attempts to detect any such malicious act of the relays by comparing the joint empirical distribution of the symbols received from the relays with known channel statistics along the two paths. Note that every symbol received by the destination may be altered, and hence no clean reference observation is available to the node. It is demonstrated that maliciousness of the relays can be asymptotically detected with sufficient channel observations if and only if the two relays do not collude and the network satisfies a non-manipulability condition.
High School Students' Adaptation of Task Definitions, Goals and Plans to Task Complexity – The Impact of Epistemic Beliefs

Accurate task perception is an important prerequisite for self-regulated learning. The present study explores if 12th-grade high school students (N=131) adapt their task definitions, goals and plans to task complexity when confronted with six differently complex tasks and if this process is related to their epistemic beliefs. Results indicate that students successfully discriminate between tasks and mostly adapt accordingly. For example, students plan to use the strategy of processing critically more frequently for progressively more complex tasks. These adaptations are also related to students' epistemic beliefs. For example, students who believe in variable knowledge plan more shallow approaches to learning for simple tasks and deeper approaches for complex tasks than their counterparts believing in stable knowledge.
Rendimento de Carcaças de Frangos Caipiras Alimentados com Farelo de Algodão em Substituição à Proteína do Farelo de Soja

Objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento de carcacas de frangos caipiras alimentados com dietas contendo farelo de algodao em substituicao a proteina do farelo de soja. Foram alojadas 200 aves da linhagem Label Rouge, machos, distribuidos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e cinco repeticoes com oito aves por parcela, totalizando 25 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos constaram de uma dieta referencia a base de milho e farelo de soja e de quatro dietas teste (25, 50, 75 e 100%). A analise de regressao apresentou significância para as variaveis: peso da carcaca, peito, coxa, sobrecoxa, asas, dorso e gordura abdominal. As mesmas apresentaram comportamento quadratico quando o nivel de substituicao dos ingredientes da dieta avaliados atingiram os niveis otimos de 38,42; 32,46; 36,50; 35,35; 25,34 e 36,44%. A substituicao da proteina do farelo de soja pela proteina do farelo de algodao em dietas para frango caipira pode ser realizada ate o nivel de 38% sem afetar o rendimento de carcaca dos animais. DOI: 10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v14n1p65-68
On the parameterization of irradiance for open ocean photoprocesses

Measurements of downwelling spectral irradiance were made during the fall of 1982 in the North Pacific Ocean (near 33oN, 142oW). These data are used to produce vertical profiles of downwelling irradiance for visible energy (400-700 nm) and photosynthetic available radiation (PAR). The profiles demonstrate that the attenuation of visible energy and PAR are primarily functions of chlorophyll pigment concentration and depth. Commonly used parameterization methods for radiant fluxes and their attenuation, which are based upon either optical water type or mean chlorophyll pigment concentration, do not yield results which compare favorably with the observed profiles. A new parameterization method for the estimation of open ocean in situ radiant fluxes is presented. This method assumes that chlorophyll pigments and pure seawater control the attenuation of spectral irradiance and that the downwelling radiant fluxes just beneath the sea surface are directly proportional to the incident solar flux. Results obtained with this method are in good agreement with the observations. The use of pigment concentrations to characterize attenuation eliminates the need to rely upon empirical optical water mass types, which do not account for temporal or spatial variations of attenuating materials. The present parameterization enables a direct optical coupling between physical and biological processes and is applicable to open ocean observational and modeling studies.
Comparison of ribosomal DNA length and restriction site polymorphisms in Gremmeniella and Ascocalyx isolates

The small subunit (SSU) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA genes from 27 specimens of the fungal genera Gremmeniella and Ascocalyx were amplified by PCR. Length polymorphisms were observed in the SSU and allowed the differentiation of four groups among the isolates tested: (i) Ascocalyx abietis; (ii) Gremmeniella isolates from Picea spp. ; (iii) Gremmeniella isolates from Abies balsamea; and (iv) Gremmeniella isolates from Abies sacchalinensis, Larix spp. , and Pinus spp. The amplified ITS was the same length for all Gremmeniella specimens and was 60 bp longer in A. abietis. Phylogenetic analysis of length polymorphisms and of 24 restriction sites in the SSU and ITS showed that Gremmeniella isolates were more related to each other than to the Ascocalyx isolate. Furthermore, seven groups were evident within the genus Gremmeniella. Our results confirm that Gremmeniella and Ascocalyx should be kept as different taxa and suggest that the taxonomy of the former could be revised to consider isolates from Abies balsamea and from Picea spp. to be two different varieties while incorporating Gremmeniella laricina into G. abietina, as a new variety.
Cake-cutting algorithms - be fair if you can

The challenge of dividing an asset fairly, from cakes to more important properties, is of great practical importance in many situations. Since the famous Polish school of mathematicians (Steinhaus, Banach, and Knaster) introduced and described algorithms for the fair division problem in the 1940s, the concept has been widely popularized. This book gathers into one readable and inclusive source a comprehensive discussion of the state of the art in cake-cutting problems for both the novice and the professional. It offers a complete treatment of all cake-cutting algorithms under all the considered definitions of "fair" and presents them in a coherent, reader-friendly manner. Robertson and Webb have brought this elegant problem to life for both the bright high school student and the professional researcher.
Deterministic Lateral Displacement-Based Separation of Magnetic Beads and Its Applications of Antibody Recognition

This work presents a magnetic-driven deterministic lateral displacement (m-DLD) microfluidic device. A permanent magnet located at the outlet of the microchannel was used to generate the driving force. Two stages of mirrored round micropillar array were designed for the separation of magnetic beads with three different sizes in turn. The effects of the forcing angle and the inlet width of the micropillar array on the separating efficiency were studied. The m-DLD device with optimal structure parameters shows that the separating efficiencies for the 10 μm, 20 μm and 40 μm magnetic beads are 87%, 89% and 94%, respectively. Furthermore, this m-DLD device was used for antibody recognition and separation among a mixture solution of antibodies. The trajectories of different kinds of magnetic beads coupled with different antigens showed that the m-DLD device could realize a simple and low-cost diagnostic test.
The effectiveness of educational intervention based on PRECEDE model on the level of stress among the elderly at elderly clubs

Introduction: The elderly are vulnerable to negative effects of stress factors; so, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the PRECEDE model on stress level of the elderly and to control stress factors. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 94 elderly people from the clubs for the elderly in Tehran were randomly divided into case and control groups in 2008–2009. Planning for the educational program was done according to the PRECEDE model. Before implementing the program, valid and reliable depression, anxiety, and stress questionnaires (DASS 21) were completed for both groups. The experimental group received the educational intervention based on the PRECEDE model (eight sessions, one session per week), and both groups were followed up two months after the intervention (the previous questionnaires were filled again). DASS 21 Scoring and Interpretation Generator was used for calculating scores of the questionnaires. Finally, the data obtained were analyzed by the SPSS 15 software using t-test, paired t-test, and Mann-Whitney test at a significant level of P≤0.05. Results: The findings showed significant differences between the experimental group and control group in terms of predisposing factors of knowledge (P≤0.001) and attitude (P≤0.001), enabling factors (P≤0.001), reinforcing factors (P≤0.001), and functioning especially in deep breathing and relaxation techniques (P≤0.001). Mean scores and severity of stress were significant after the intervention (P≤0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirmed the effectiveness of the PRECEDE model-based educational program on preventing or reducing stress level in the elderly.