Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, opening wedge, and dome-type high tibial osteotomies for knee arthritis.

OBJECTIVE Three methods of surgery used in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) are mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (Oxford UKA), opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO), and dome-type HTO. This article aimed to retrospectively compare these three methods in terms of outcomes for health status, patient satisfaction, and function. METHODS Between 2003 and 2010, 255 knees of 235 patients underwent operations for medial knee OA. Three types of surgery were performed. Group 1 consisted of 109 knees of 94 patients who underwent Oxford UKA. Group 2 was made up of 36 knees of 36 patients who underwent HTO using circular external fixation, and Group 3 comprised 57 knees of 52 patients on whom opening wedge type HTO using locking plate fixation was performed. SF-36 and HSS knee scores were used to compare the functional outcomes among groups. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found between the preoperative and postoperative measures in all 3 of the treatment groups for physical function, physical role, pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional role, and mental health according to SF-36 and HSS scores. In the 2nd group, the average correction of the mechanical axis deviation (MAD) was 38 mm with 11. 7º along the femorotibial axis and 6. 2º along the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA). In the 3rd group, the average correction in the MAD was 28 mm with 9. 7º along the femorotibial axis and 5. 6º along the MPTA. All 3 of the treatment alternatives were observed to be sufficient. Satisfactory postoperative results were achieved in the UKA group in terms of social function and mental health, and the patients were able to achieve early rehabilitation and return to their previous life activities. CONCLUSION UKA is the ideal option for patients who wish for the earliest possible return to social and recreational activities.
Uniform distribution of HPV 16 E6 and E7 variants in patients with normal histology, cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer

High‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV), particularly HPV 16, are associated with invasive cervical cancer (ICC), and persistent high‐risk HPV infection is considered to be a marker for progressive cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasia (CIN). However, most high‐risk, HPV‐infected, pre‐cancerous lesions will not progress to invasion. Several reports suggest that specific HPV 16 E6 and/or E7 sequence variations may be associated with a high risk for progression. No data from German patients have so far been reported. Therefore, we analyzed intra‐type variations of these oncogenes in women with normal histology or CIN 1 (≤CIN 1), CIN 2/3 or ICC. Cervical scrapes from 75 patients with normal histology or CIN and biopsies from 37 ICC patients all positive for HPV 16 were analyzed. The open reading frames of oncogenes HPV 16 E6 and E7 were amplified by nested PCR followed by primer cycle sequencing. From each cervical scrape, 2 independent PCR amplicons were generated and sequenced from both orientations. The prototype sequence of HPV 16 E6 and E7 was identified in 33% and 87% of ≤CIN 1, in 62% and 69% of CIN 2/3 and in 43% and 86% of ICC, respectively (not significant). Of all variants identified, the E6 variant 350G (L83V) and the E7 variant 822G were most frequently detected irrespective of histology and showed prevalence rates of 27% to 43% and 7% to 20%, respectively. No statistically significant differences in the prevalence of the E6 or E7 prototype sequences, any variants or multivariants in German women with ≤CIN 1, CIN 2/3 or ICC were found. Int. J. Cancer 82:203–207, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of target genes for the Ewing's sarcoma EWS/FLI fusion protein by representational difference analysis

The EWS/FLI-1 fusion gene results from the 11;22 chromosomal translocation in Ewing's sarcoma. The product of the gene is one of a growing number of structurally altered transcription factors implicated in oncogenesis. We have employed a subtractive cloning strategy of representational difference analysis in conjunction with a model transformation system to identify genes transcribed in response to EWS/FLI. We have characterized eight transcripts that are dependent on EWS/FLI for expression and two transcripts that are repressed in response to EWS/FLI. Three of the former were identified by sequence analysis as stromelysin 1, a murine homolog of cytochrome P-450 F1 and cytokeratin 15. Stromelysin 1 is induced rapidly after expression of EWS/FLI, suggesting that the stromelysin 1 gene may be a direct target gene of EWS/FLI. These results demonstrate that expression of EWS/FLI leads to significant changes in the transcription of specific genes and that these effects are at least partially distinct from those caused by expression of germ line FLI-1. The representational difference analysis technique can potentially be applied to investigate transformation pathways activated by a broad array of genes in different tumor systems.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Hematopoietic stem cell disorders such as severe aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and clonal disorders, e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma are fatal conditions. Secondaries from solid tumors, e.g., neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma in children involving the hematopoietic system are also fatal. High dose chemotherapy or radiotherapy either alone or in combination, not only eradicates the tumor cells but also destroys the hematopoietic stem cells. Reconstitution of hematopoietic stem cells offers a definitive therapy for a variety of disorders and it has been a focus of intense research over the last 3-4 decades(l-5).
Intimate Partner Violence among West African Immigrants

Although the number of African immigrants arriving to the United States has increased significantly, there has been little investigation regarding their experiences of intimate partner violence or coping strategies. This study used focus groups and individual interviews to explore intimate partner violence among 32 heterosexual West African immigrants. Results suggest that although cultural expectations influence their coping strategies, West African–born men and women face different realities, with women reporting multiple instances of abuse and a sense of frustration with the existing options for assistance. Although participants discussed multilevel support structures within the immediate West African community to address intimate partner violence, all of these options maintained a gender hierarchy, leaving women dissatisfied. Challenges and barriers to partner violence resolution and coping strategies are identified. Results are examined in terms of their implications for addressing the needs of this underserved population. Implications for future research and services are discussed and highlighted.
Proteomic Analysis of Interaction between a Plant Virus and Its Vector Insect Reveals New Functions of Hemipteran Cuticular Protein*

Numerous viruses can be transmitted by their corresponding vector insects; however, the molecular mechanisms enabling virus transmission by vector insects have been poorly understood, especially the identity of vector components interacting with the virus. Here, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to study proteomic interactions of a plant virus (Rice stripe virus, RSV, genus Tenuivirus) with its vector insect, small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus). Sixty-six proteins of L. striatellus that interacted with the nucleocapsid protein (pc3) of RSV were identified. A virus–insect interaction network, constructed for pc3 and 29 protein homologs of Drosophila melanogaster, suggested that nine proteins might directly interact with pc3. Of the 66 proteins, five (atlasin, a novel cuticular protein, jagunal, NAC domain protein, and vitellogenin) were most likely to be involved in viral movement, replication, and transovarial transmission. This work also provides evidence that the novel cuticular protein, CPR1, from L. striatellus is essential for RSV transmission by its vector insect. CPR1 binds the nucleocapsid protein (pc3) of RSV both in vivo and in vitro and colocalizes with RSV in the hemocytes of L. striatellus. Knockdown of CPR1 transcription using RNA interference resulted in a decrease in the concentration of RSV in the hemolymph, salivary glands and in viral transmission efficiency. These data suggest that CPR1 binds RSV in the insect and stabilizes the viral concentration in the hemolymph, perhaps to protect the virus or to help move the virus to the salivary tissues. Our studies provide direct experimental evidence that viruses can use existing vector proteins to aid their survival in the hemolymph. Identifying these putative vector molecules should lead to a better understanding of the interactions between viruses and vector insects.
Measurement of multiple scattering of 13 and 20MeV electrons by thin foils.

To model the transport of electrons through material requires knowledge of how the electrons lose energy and scatter. Theoretical models are used to describe electron energy loss and scatter and these models are supported by a limited amount of measured data. The purpose of this work was to obtain additional data that can be used to test models of electron scattering. Measurements were carried out using 13 and 20MeV pencil beams of electrons produced by the National Research Council of Canada research accelerator. The electron fluence was measured at several angular positions from 0° to 9° for scattering foils of different thicknesses and with atomic numbers ranging from 4 to 79. The angle, θ1∕e, at which the fluence has decreased to 1∕e of its value on the central axis was used to characterize the distributions. Measured values of θ1∕e ranged from 1.5° to 8° with a typical uncertainty of about 1%. Distributions calculated using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code were compared to the measured distributions. In general, the calculated distributions are narrower than the measured ones. Typically, the difference between the measured and calculated values of θ1∕e is about 1.5%, with the maximum difference being 4%. The measured and calculated distributions are related through a simple scaling of the angle, indicating that they have the same shape. No significant trends with atomic number were observed.
The chemistry and biological activity of herbs used in Flor‐Essence™ herbal tonic and Essiac

The herbal mixtures, Essiac™ and Flor‐Essence™, are sold as nutritional supplements and used by patients to treat chronic conditions, particularly cancer. Evidence of anticancer activity for the herbal teas is limited to anecdotal reports recorded for some 40 years in Canada. Individual case reports suggest that the tea improves quality of life, alleviates pain, and in some cases, impacts cancer progression among cancer patients. Experimental studies with individual herbs have shown evidence of biological activity including antioxidant, antioestrogenic, immunostimulant, antitumour, and antiocholeretic actions. However, research that demonstrates these positive effects in the experimental setting has not been translated to the clinical arena. Currently, no clinical studies of Essiac™ or Flor‐essence™ are published, but a clinical study is being planned at the British Columbia Cancer Agency by the University of Texas‐Center for Alternative Medicine (UT‐CAM) and Tzu‐Chi Institute for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of exportin 1 on nuclear transport and meiotic resumption in porcine full-grown and growing oocytes†

Abstract Exportin 1 (XPO1) is a nuclear transport receptor involved in the nuclear export ofmajority proteins in somatic cells. In mammalian oocytes, however, only the presence of XPO1 has been reported at mRNA and protein levels, and the definitive functions of XPO1 and its effects on the meiotic maturation of oocytes have never been directly examined. In the present study, the expression state and the nuclear-export function of porcine XPO1 were analyzed in porcine oocytes. In addition, we investigated the effects of the overexpression and inhibition of XPO1 on meiotic regulation in fullgrown and growing oocytes by mRNA injection and inhibitor treatment. Endogenous XPO1 was stably expressed in porcine oocytes during the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, and the expression of exogenous XPO1 significantly decreased the nuclear localization of XPO1 cargos, snurportin 1, and WEE1B. Inhibition of XPO1 by a specific inhibitor, leptomycin B, delayed the GV breakdown (GVBD), whereas the overexpression of XPO1 by mRNA injection accelerated the GVBD. XPO1 overexpression overcame the meiotic arrest induced by WEE1B expression in full-grown oocytes. Surprisingly, the GVBD of porcine growing oocytes, which could not resume meiosis by the maturation culture in vitro, was induced by the expression of exogenous XPO1. These results showed the presence of XPO1 and its function as a nuclear export receptor in mammalian oocytes, including growing oocytes, and they suggest that the regulation of nuclear transport has a large influence on the GV maintenance and meiotic resumption of oocytes. Summary Sentence Exportin 1 functions as a nuclear export receptor and is involved in meiotic resumption of porcine full-grown and growing oocytes via its nuclear-export function.
Ovarian control of growth and sexual size dimorphism in a male-larger gecko

ABSTRACT Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) reflects sex-specific solutions to the allocation of energy among growth, reproduction and survival; however, the proximate mechanisms behind these solutions are still poorly known even in vertebrates. In squamates, sexual differences in body size used to be attributed to direct energy allocation to energetically demanding processes, largely to reproduction. In addition, SSD is assumed to be controlled by specific endogenous mechanisms regulating growth in a sex-specific manner, namely masculinization by male gonadal androgens or feminization by ovarian hormones. We performed a manipulative growth experiment in females of the male-larger gecko Paroedura picta in order to test the reproductive cost hypothesis, the male androgen hypothesis and the ovarian hormone hypothesis. Specifically, we investigated the effect of total ovariectomy, prepubertal ovariectomy, unilateral ovariectomy, and total ovariectomy followed by exogenous estradiol, dihydrotestosterone or testosterone treatment, on female growth in comparison to males and reproductively active females. The present results and the results of our previous experiments do not support the hypotheses that SSD reflects direct energy allocation to reproduction and that male gonadal androgens are involved. However, all lines of evidence, particularly the comparable growth of reproducing intact and unilaterally ovariectomized females, were concordant with the control of SSD by ovarian hormones. We suggest that feminization of growth by female gonadal hormones should be taken into consideration as an endogenous pathway responsible for the ontogeny of SSD in squamates. Summary: Sexual size dimorphism in a male-larger lizard is influenced by neither male gonadal androgens nor female reproductive allocation, but instead is controlled by ovarian hormones.
Myopericarditis complicating ulcerative colitis.

Extra colonic manifestations of ulcerative colitis are now well recognized, may at times be profound, and may be unrelated to the extent or degree of activity of the colitis (Goligher et al., I968; Young, I967; Edwards and Truelove, I964). Only four cases of ulcerative colitis with involvement of the myopericardium have been reported (Young, I967; Mukhopadhyay et al., I970). We report a case of ulcerative colitis complicated by recurring myopericarditis, and a single episode of renal colic due to a proven calculus of the left ureter.
Reducing Health Disparities in Depressive Disorders Outcomes between Non-Hispanic Whites and Ethnic Minorities

There are significant disparities in treatment process and symptomatic and functional outcomes in depressive disorders for racial and ethnic minority patients. Using a life-course perspective, the authors conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify modifiable mechanisms and effective interventions for prevention and treatment at specific points—system, community, provider, and individual patient—in health care settings. Multicomponent chronic disease management interventions have produced improvements in depression outcomes for ethnic minority populations. Case management appears to be a key component of effective interventions. Socioculturally tailored treatment and prevention interventions may be more efficacious than standard treatment programs. Future research should focus on identifying key components of case management and sociocultural tailoring that are essential for effective interventions and developing new low-cost dissemination mechanisms for treatment and preventive programs that could be tailored to racial and ethnic minorities.
Squaring operations in the Adams spectral sequence

I t has been long known that the cohomology H (A) of the mod 2 Steenrod algebra A admits squaring operations. (For example, see [ó].) Since H(A) is isomorphic to the £2 term of the mod 2 Adams spectral sequence [2], it is natural to inquire as to the relation of these squaring operations to the structure of the Adams spectral sequence. In this note we announce some results of this type extending those of [5]. Details will appear elsewhere. The author is indebted to J. F. Adams, M. G. Barratt and M. Mahowald for conversations and correspondence which were helpful in the present work.
Diabetes and hyperlipidemia: A direct quantitative analysis—A direct analysis of the effects of insulin resistance on lipid levels in relation to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease

Introduction: Diabetes and hyperlipidemia are two major factors involved in cardiovascular disease. The medical treatment and reduction of the effects of these conditions are key modalities in the prevention of heart disease. The term diabetic dyslipidemia supports the hypothesis that insulin resistance is a potential cause of dyslipidemia. This research study is one of the few that attempts to quantify a direct relationship between insulin resistant states and dyslipidemias. Methods: Data was collected by a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with either glucose intolerance or diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Lipid levels and either glucose, in the glucose intolerant patients, or hemoglobin A1c values, in the diabetic patients, were recorded. The data used in our study compared changes over a 6 month period in either glucose or hemoglobin A1c with changes in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides during that same time period. Results: A positive relationship was seen with both change over time in glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels with that of all components of the lipid panel. The strongest relationship was seen with comparisons involving triglycerides. Discussion: Our results show that there is a statistically significant relationship between patients with either glucose intolerance or diabetes and the different components of a lipid panel. Our research helps to reinforce the necessity to be vigilant in the treatment of both diabetes and hyperli-pidemia in regard to the prevention of heart disease. It is also one of the few studies that provides statistical evidence to such relationships.
Limb Salvage Treatment for Congenital Deficiency of the Tibia

Abstract: Nine limb salvage treatments were performed in 7 patients with congenital deficiency of the tibia. All feet showed equinovarus deformity and were centralized in a slightly equinus position by placing the distal end of the fibula into the posterior facet of the calcaneus. Tibiofibular fusion was performed in 4 patients with partial deficiency, and fibular transfer (fibular centralization; Brown procedure) in 5 with complete deficiency of the tibia. Callus distraction lengthening was performed repeatedly for leg-length discrepancy on either the femur or the centralized fibula. Satisfactory functional and cosmetic results were obtained in all limbs with partial deficiency, whereas in limbs with completely deficiency, none of the 5 knees treated by fibular transfer achieved a satisfactory functional result because of insufficient quadriceps strength, progressive knee flexion contracture, and persistent ligamentous instability. Nevertheless, in these 5 cases, all patients were ultimately able to withstand weight-bearing.
Ab initio molecular dynamics with excited electrons.

A method to do ab initio molecular dynamics suitable for metallic and electronically hot systems is described. It is based on a density functional which is costationary with the finite-temperature functional of Mermin, with state being included with possibly fractional occupation numbers. Optimization with respect to density only, rather than states and occupation numbers, is necessary. As an illustration, the method is used to calculate structure and dynamics in dense hot hydrogen.
Are Democrats Greener than Republicans? The Case of California Air Qua

When it comes to environmental quality preferences, it is popularly believed that Democrats (and more generally, liberals) are “green” while Republicans” (conservatives) are “brown”. Does empirical evidence support this popular belief? We test the hypothesis that regional political identification leads to differences in concentration outcomes for several measures of California air pollution indicators, including CO, NO2, SO2, O3, PM10, and PM2.5 concentrations. We employ two alternative identification strategies on county-level cluster and year panel data that include proxy variables for political party preferences of the local populace, as well as controlling for the political party affiliations at the state-level legislative and executive branches. In general, we do not find a consistent and statistically significant relationship between pollution outcomes and political variables for California. The popular belief is empirically supported only for NO2 and O3, but not for any of the other pollutants, and even in these two cases the relationship only holds at the local regulatory level and not at the state policymaking level. At the state level, for most of the pollutants no significant effect of party affiliation is identified, and in the rare cases where such an effect exists, it is either too weak to be conclusive or is even counter to popular belief.
Lay Attitudes toward Genetic Testing for Susceptibility to Inherited Diseases

One of the most important issues facing legal and medical policy makers in the coming years will be whether to employ populationbased testing for genetic markers of inherited diseases. Two hundred and twenty-six randomly selected individuals from Easton, Pennsylvania completed a mail questionnaire that was designed to assess the general public’s attitudes toward many of the personal and societal issues surrounding genetic testing for disease susceptibility. Respondents were generally optimistic about the potential benefits of genetic testing, and their attitudes about genetic testing were associated with their personal interest in getting a genetic test. Respondents were more likely to be interested in undergoing genetic testing for disease susceptibility if they might have some control over the targeted disease (i.e. there was a cure) and if the test was highly predictive of their chances of developing the disease. Respondents were wary of granting access to genetic testing results to anyone other than doctors and family members, and they did not want the government, religious leaders, or the courts involved in regulating genetic testing. These results have important implications for psychologists, genetic scientists, bioethicists, and legal scholars who are grappling with the many issues related to population-based genetic testing for inherited diseases.