Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Huomioita lapsen äänteistön kehityksestä

1. Siinä vilkkaassa tutkimustyössä, jota kuusikymmenluvulta lähtien on tehty lapsen kielenoppimisen alalta, on äänneopin selvittely jäänyt jonkin verran syrjemmälle kuin useiden muiden kielen puolien. Monista viime vuosina julkaistuista ansiokkaista lisistä huolimatta on Roman Jakobsonin v. 1941 julkaisema »Kindersprache, Aphasie und allgemeine Lautgesetze» (englanninnos 1968: »Child Language, Aphasia and Phonological Universals») yhä katsottava varsinaiseksi perusteokseksi tältä kielenopinnan lohkolta. Vaikka Jakobsonin aineistona ovat enimmäkseen vam siihenastisesta kirjallisuudesta löytyneet huomiot, hän on pystynyt luomaan aiheesta kokonaiskuvan, joka hakee vertaistaan, ajateltiinpa tuon kuvan selkeyttä j a jäntevyyttä tai siinä tavoitettua universaalisuuden tuntua. Jakobsonin rakennelmaa kannattaa klassisen fonologian käsitteistö, j a voi sanoa, että tuo rakennelma vuorostaan on ollut tärkeimpiä kannattimia, joiden varaan klassista fonologiaa on voitu rakentaa edelleen. Hallitsevana hänen teoksessaan on näkemys, jonka mukaan lapsi kehittää fonologiansa määräjärjestyksessä: ensin mahdollisimman vähien ja selvien ja sitten asteittain lisääntyvien j a hienontuvien foneemioppositioiden varaan. Oppositiot perustuvat erottavien piirteiden hyväksikäyttöön, j a nuo piirteet jakautuvat kehityksen kulussa yhä uudestaan kahtia j a sallivat siten uusien kaksijäsenisten vastakohtien synnyn. Se binaristinen distinktiivien piirteiden teoria, jonka Jakobson yhdessä Fantin j a Hallen kanssa esitti hiotussa muodossa kymmenkunta vuotta myöhemmin, on tässä äänteistön oppimisen teoriassa j o nousemassa hahmolleen. Niin puoleensavetävä kuin Jakobsonin esitys onkin, sitä hallitsee eräänlaisen suuripiirteisen pelkistyksen leima. Lapsen äänteistön kunkinhetkinen järjestelmä esiintyy siinä jossain mielessä puimattomana, aivan kuin johdonmukaisena kehittymänä aiemmasta etapista, joka vuorostaan on syntynyt yhtä suoraviivaisesti sitä edeltävän pohjalta. Mieleen tulee klassisen strukturalismin yleinen kahtiajako, jonka mukaan kieli kussakin synkronisessa tasos-
Metalinguistic information extraction from specialized texts to enrich computational lexicons

Este trabajo presenta un estudio empirico del uso y funcion del metalenguaje en el conocimiento cientifico experto y los lenguajes de especialidad en lengua inglesa, con especial atencion al establecimiento, modificacion y negociacion de la terminologia comun del grupo de especialistas de cada area. Mediante enunciados discursivos llamados Operaciones Metalinguisticas Explicitas se formaliza y analiza el caracter dinamico de las estructuras conceptuales cientificas y los sublenguajes que las vehiculan. Por otro lado, se presenta la implementacion de un sistema automatico de extraccion de informacion metalinguistica en textos de especialidad. El sistema MOP (Metalinguistic Operation Processor) extrae enunciados metalinguisticos y definiciones de documentos especializados, utilizando tanto automatas de estados finitos como algoritmos de aprendizaje automatico. El sistema crear bases semi-estructuradas de informacion terminologica llamadas Metalinguistic Information Databases (MID), de utilidad para la lexicografia especializada, el procesamiento del lenguaje natural y el estudio empirico de la evolucion del conocimiento cientifico, entre otras aplicaciones.
Large‐scale circulation associated with moisture intrusions into the Arctic during winter

We examine the poleward transport of water vapor across 70°N during boreal winter in the ERA‐Interim reanalysis product, focusing on intense moisture intrusion events. We analyze the large‐scale circulation patterns associated with these intrusions and the impacts they have at the surface. A total of 298 events are identified between 1990 and 2010, an average of 14 per season, accounting for 28% of the total poleward transport of moisture across 70°N. They are concentrated over the main ocean basins at that latitude in the Labrador Sea, North Atlantic, Barents/Kara Sea, and Pacific. Composites of sea level pressure and potential temperature on the 2 potential vorticity unit surface during intrusions show a large‐scale blocking pattern to the east of each basin, deflecting midlatitude cyclones and their associated moisture poleward. The interannual variability of intrusions is strongly correlated with variability in winter‐mean surface downward longwave radiation and skin temperature averaged over the Arctic.
Evolutionary Finance Approach : Literature Survey

The only way to make a major advance in finance modeling is to explore entirely new approaches rather than make incremental modifications to existing models. The purpose of our research is precisely to build models and perform analysis of the economy as a complex system prone to sudden and major changes. This includes the collection of new methods of empirical analysis, and the development of new mathematical and computational tools. This effort will be guided by emerging new conceptual paradigms such as network theory, behavioral economics and agent-based modeling, and empirically grounded by laboratory experiments and micro data. By combining these ideas into a practical simulation and forecasting tool, we aim at building the foundations of a new paradigm within finance.
Philippine Sea Plate motion since the Eocene estimated from paleomagnetism of seafloor drill cores and gravity cores

Current models of Philippine Sea (PHS) Plate motion assume a general and large northward shift since the Eocene. In order to constrain better the age and amount of this northward shift, we have conducted a paleomagnetic study on drill and gravity cores, respectively, taken from the seafloor of the northern part of the PHS Plate. The core samples consist of sedimentary rocks or semi-consolidated sediments, and their ages, as estimated from microfossils and strontium isotope ratios, range from the Eocene to late Miocene. The results of stepwise alternating-field and thermal demagnetization experiments revealed that 19 sections at 17 sites out of 58 sections at the 29 sites examined yielded mean paleomagnetic directions with a 95% confidence limit (α95)of <25°, and 14 sections at 13 sites have α95 < 15°. An estimation of the amount of the northward shift at each site was obtained from the difference between the paleolatitude and the present latitude. This estimation revealed that the northern part of the PHS Plate was located near the equator at 50 Ma and that the majority of the northward shift took place between about 50 and 25 Ma. Very little northward movement occurred after 15 Ma. Based on our data, together with the available paleomagnetic information suggesting clockwise rotation of about 90° since the Eocene and the requirements from geometry with the surrounding plates, we present a model in which the PHS Plate rotated 90° clockwise between 50 and 15 Ma on the Euler pole near 23°N, 162°E, although it is impossible to specifically determine the Euler pole position.
Dynamic soaring: aerodynamics for albatrosses

Albatrosses have evolved to soar and glide efficiently. By maximizing their lift-to-drag ratio L/D, albatrosses can gain energy from the wind and can travel long distances with little effort. We simplify the difficult aerodynamic equations of motion by assuming that albatrosses maintain a constant L/D. Analytic solutions to the simplified equations provide an instructive and appealing example of fixed-wing aerodynamics suitable for undergraduate demonstration.
Retinal Findings in Cases of Preeclampsia

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the ophthalmological findings in the patients hospitalized and treated for a diagnosis of preeclampsia during last 5 years in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University. Methods: Records of 193 patients hospitalized due to preeclampsia and consulted Ophthalmology Department between September 2005 and 2010 were searched retrospectively. We could find 148 of those. Results: The most common complaints were headache, epigastric pain, blurred vision. The ophthalmological findings of 98 patients were assessed as normal while 50 of those were pathologic. Hypertensive retinopathy, bilateral, right and left retinal detachment were detected in 24, 4, 3, 1 of 50 patients who had pathological ophtalmologic findings, respectively. Conclusion: Findings of retinal detachment, hypertensive retinopathy and hemorrhage may be detected in patients independent of severity of preeclampsia while maculopathy and macular edema might be found more often in the patients with severe preeclamp
AN ANALYSIS OF READING PROFILE OF GENERATION-X IN SINGAPORE

Introduction. Based on generational analysis approach, reading profile of 180 Singaporean indicated that Xers tended to adopt pragmatic and utilitarian approach towards reading. Only slightly more than half of the group read regularly. Top reasons for the lack of reading were time, energy and the preference for television and internet-related activities. Method. Questionnaire survey was used on Gen-Xers born between years 1965 – 1980 recruited randomly via social network and through emails. A hundred and eighty responses were gathered. Study focused on attitudes, motivation, and preferences for reading. These were cross examined with demographic variables of gender, education, marital status, and parenthood. Results. Readers tended to adopt pragmatic and utilitarian approach towards reading. Convenience often guided their choice of knowledge acquisition, reading habits and preferences. Their primary goals for reading are information and personal development first, followed by relaxation. Although tradition prints of newspapers and magazines still enjoyed stronghold, reading of Internet pages are a norm to many readers. Reading preferences varied along demographic lines. Education was a strong predictor for attitudes and motivations. Attitude, motivation and reading preferences differed according to gender. Participants with children saw significant changes and preferences. Conclusion. New media such as Internet and TV and changes in lifestyle have affected the reading patterns. These changing reading trends suggest shift in focus of services offered by libraries.
Microstructure and strength of blended FBC-PCC fly ash geopolymer containing gypsum as an additive

This study focused on the microstructure and strength of blended fluidized bed coal combustion fly ash (FBC-FA) and pulverized coal combustion fly ash (PCC-FA) geopolymers containing gypsum as an additive. The source materials consisted of 100% FBC-FA and a blend of 75% FBC-FA and 25% PCC-FA. Gypsum was used as an additive at the dosage levels of 0, 5, and 10%wt of the source materials. NaOH and Na2SiO3 were used to activate aluminosilicate sources and temperature curing to accelerate the geopolymer reaction. The microstructures of the geopolymer pastes were examined using XRD, FTIR, MIP and SEM tests. The compressive strengths of the geopolymer mortars were also tested. Test results showed that the blending of FBC-FA and PCC-FA improved the geopolymerization and resulted in a dense matrix with reduced porosity and increased compressive strength as compared to those of the FBC-FA geopolymer. The improvement is due primarily to the high glassy phase content of PCC-FA. In addition, the use of 5% gypsum as an additive further improved the geopolymerization. The sulphate ions enhanced the leaching of alumina from the source materials forming additional aluminosilicate and increased calcium in the system which resulted in the formation of additional CSH.
Mechanical Characterization of Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells and their Nuclei using Atomic Force Microscopy

The cellular mechanical environment, including the elasticity of the extracellular matrix, profoundly affects cellular mechanical and biological responses. This responsiveness depends on and may influence the inherent mechanical properties of the cell and the nucleus. In this thesis, the local and global elastic moduli of valve interstitial cells (VICs) cultured on substrates of varying stiffness were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A novel AFM technique used to directly determine nuclear elastic moduli in situ was also tested and preliminary results for VIC nuclear elasticity and isolated VIC nuclei elasticity were presented. This study confirmed that both local and global elasticity of VICs were sensitive to substrate compliance, and demonstrated that the nucleus was consistently two to four times stiffer than the cytoplasm and that isolated VIC nuclei were significantly softer than the intact nuclei in situ. It also provides practical guidelines for efficient AFM-based measurement of cell mechanical properties.
On the overwintering ability of Drosophila suzukii in South Tyrol

BACKGROUND: Drosophila suzukii became one of the most dangerous pests in fruit crops and vineyards in Europe since 2009. Lacking knowledge of the overwintering biology under European environmental conditions makes an environmentally friendly control of this invasive pest difficult. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate its hibernation capability under the climatic conditions of South Tyrol, Italy. METHODS: Monitoring flight activity by baited traps revealed an overwintering location in the Adige valley. We determined the reproductive status of females trapped weekly at “Schlossleiten” from August 2012 until September 2013 by dissecting their abdomens. For further potential correlation between overwintering locations, reproductive status, and climatic conditions were assessed. RESULTS: The microclimatic conditions of single locations affected overwintering success and suggest the aggregation of adults in most favourable hibernation sites where a high proportion of females is able to survive. However, in spring some of the females showed degenerated reproductive organs. Dissection of abdomens evinced a reproductive diapause, which appears to be affected by winter climatic conditions, the nutritional status, and food availability. CONCLUSIONS: D. suzukii is able to overwinter in the South Tyrolean area. Control and management of the potential hibernation sites may delay the population dynamics in the following season.
Volatility and dynamic conditional correlations of European emerging stock markets

This study examines the relationship between time-varying correlations and conditional volatility among eight European emerging stock markets and the MSCI World stock market index from January 2000 to December 2012. Correlations are estimated in the standard and asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) model frameworks. The results can be summarized by three main findings: (1) asymmetry in volatility is not a common phenomenon in emerging markets; (2) asymmetry in correlations is found only with respect to the Hungarian stock market; and (3) the relationship between volatility and correlations is positive and significant in all countries included in the study. Thus, diversification benefits decrease during periods of higher volatility.
Mathematical model of water quality rehabilitation with rainwater utilisation: a case study at Haigang

This paper presents a mathematical model of water quality rehabilitation by utilising rainwater, which is separated into initial polluted rainwater and later unpolluted rainwater. The planned Haigang city, belonging to Shanghai metropolis in China, is taken as a case example. An analysis is made on how to utilise rainwater and appraise its function in a water quality rehabilitation scheme. It is demonstrated that this method can significantly reduce both project investment and operation costs. Moreover, appropriate drainage plan scheme is presented to address the initial polluted rainwater problem. Thus, the conflict between drainage and rainwater utilisation can be resolved appropriately.
Employee Relations Strategy: Implication for Performance in Lagos State University, South-West, Nigeria

The incessant industrial action, strike, boycotting among workers in the educational sector especially in the public universities is becoming a worrisome phenomenon. This paper examined the impact of employee relations strategy (Organizational policies, Promotion, Equity, Recognition and Mentoring) on job performance in Lagos State University, Southwest, Nigeria. A model was developed and tested using One hundred and thirty six (136) copies of valid questionnaire, which were completed by staff in the State owned university, Lagos, Nigeria. Structural Equation Modeling was adopted to test the hypotheses and relationships that might exist among variables. Results of the analysis indicates that equity, promotion, mentoring and recognition have positive influence on employees’ performance. While in the opposite direction, organizational policies have negative and insignificant effect on job performance which suggest that increase in employees’ performance will require that managers pay more attention to friendly organizational policies.
Conservative realizations of the functions associated with Schur's algorithm for the Schur class operator-valued function

Let M and N be separable Hilbert spaces and let Θ(λ) be a function from the Schur class S(M,N) of contractive functions holomorphic on the unit disk. The operator generalization of the classical Schur algorithm associates with Θ the sequence of contractions (the Schur parameters of Θ ) Γ0 =Θ(0) ∈ L(M,N), Γn ∈ L(DΓn−1 ,DΓ∗n−1 ) and the sequence of functions Θ0 =Θ , Θn ∈ S(DΓn ,DΓ∗n ) n = 1, . (the Schur iterates of Θ ) connected by the relations Γn = Θn(0), Θn(λ) = Γn +λDΓ∗nΘn+1(λ)(I +λΓ ∗ nΘn+1(λ)) DΓn , |λ | < 1. It is well known that the function Θ(λ) ∈ S(M,N) can be realized as the transfer function Θ(λ) = D+λC(I −λA)−1B of a linear conservative and simple discrete time-invariant system τ = {[ D C B A ]
Effect of nutriseed pack placement on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) under drip irrigation

A method of crop production of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) was attempted in field using Nutriseed Packs with drip irrigation. Nutriseed Pack is a tubular assembly composed of degradable polymer paper encapsulated fertilizer and manure pellet, designed for placing in the root zone soil of seedling at the time of transplanting. Urea/Diammonium phosphate (DAP) as source of N, single superphosphate (SSP)/ DAP as source of P, and muriate of potash (MOP) as source of K were used. The effect of paper wrap and addition of maida flour as a natural gel to fertilizer pellet was tested. The highest values for growth parameters such as plant height, number of main branches per plant and number of lateral branches per main branch were recorded for Nutriseed Pack with 50% NP(SSP)K with Wrap + Gel in all stages. Total fruit yield was highest in Nutriseed Pack with 50%NP(SSP)K with Wrap + Gel (43.1 t ha-1), which was 4.6 t ha-1 (11.9 %) higher than yield obtained in surface broadcast as 100%NP(SSP+DAP)K (38.5 t ha-1). The highest uptake of N(112.4 kg ha-1) and P (13.32 kg ha-1) was recorded for Nutriseed Pack with 50% NP(SSP) K with Wrap + Gel, while the highest K uptake (105.6 kg ha-1) was recorded in surface broadcast at 100%NP (SSP+DAP)K. The promising effect of placement of Nutriseed Pack has been brought out in the present study as an alternative means of crop production in terms of increase in fertilizer use efficiency upto 50% in place of surface application of fertilizers.
Early Eocene mimotonids of Kyrgyzstan and the problem of Mixodontia

The Mimotonidae is a sister group for Lagomorpha that lacks important lagomorphs synapomorphy in the structure of p3. The family consists of six genera (Mimotona, Gomphos, Zagmys , Mimolagus, and two newly described genera). Together with Eurymylidae they form an evolutionary grade of ancient Glires and it is argued that the concept of Mixodontia is valid. Two new mimotonids, Anatolmylus rozhdestuenskii gen. n. , sp. n. and Aktashmys montealbus gen. n. , sp. n. from the latest Early Eocene (late Ypresian) of Andarak 2 locality (Kyrgyzstan) are described.
Differences in drought resistance among 3 deciduous oak species grown in large boxes

Le but de ce travail etait d'expliquer les grandes differences de croissance et de deperissement observees en foret suite a des secheresses, entre le chene pedoncule (Quercus robur L) et le chene sessile (Q petraea Liebl). De plus, le chene rouge d'Amerique (Q rubra L) a ete compare aux 2 chenes indigenes. Les effets d'un deficit hydrique edaphique controle sur la croissance et les relations hydriques de jeunes plants de ces 3 especes, cultives dans de grandes cuves, ont ete etudies. Les plants etaient assez âges pour avoir pu developper des systemes racinaires normaux (.)
INSTAGRAM USE TO ENHANCE ABILITY IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS

Technology is changing the world we live in. It affects the way people see, think, and learn their environment and communicate with others. In the educational field, there have been previous studies revealing the positive attitudes toward the use of mobile devices and applications. However, the empirical studies of the practice of how to use a specific mobile device and application effectively are done in a limited scale. Taking the experimental research method, this study investigated the effectiveness of the use of Instagram application on the students� performance in writing descriptive texts. The main research question was centred around whether there was significant difference in the ability of writing descriptive text between students who were taught using Instagram and those who aren�t. Involving random sampling technique, this study involved 50 students of a private high school in Yogyakarta as the research sample. � The empirical data were collected through pre and post tests. The data were analyzed quantitatively applying t-test computation and descriptive analysis. Results of the study indicate that there is significant difference in students writing score between those taught using Instagram and those who aren�t. In conclusion, teaching students writing by using Instagram pictures are more effective than teaching without using Instagram pictures. In other words, the use of Instagram is effective in teaching writing descriptive texts. �Keywords: technology; Instagram; experimental research; writing descriptive text.
Opera From The Greek: Studies in the Poetics of Appropriation

Abstract Opera is the adaptive art form par excellence and throughout its history has been voracious in drawing on myth and literature in many forms. The raison d'être for its development was the desire to revivify Greek drama, ‘rediscovered’ during the Renaissance. The Florentine Camerata of the late sixteenth century saw as their project the development of a musico-dramatic form that would find a method of ‘authentically’ performing dramatic works from Greek antiquity, but also as a means of bringing them to life for a contemporary audience. As part of this project they were also intent on reforming musical practice after the excesses, in their eyes, of Renaissance polyphony, as well as a desire to find a ‘pure’, monodic form that would both serve the needs of the drama as well as provide vocal textual clarity.
An experimental examination of the effect of client size and auditors’ industry specialization on time pressure in Australia

This paper examines how industry specialization and the size of the client affect time pressure to complete an audit. The study used a sample size of 70 auditors to examine their perceptions of time pressure in different scenarios. The results of the experiment demonstrate that industry specialization significantly reduces the level of time pressure, indicating that industry specialist auditors work more efficiently and face less time pressure compared with non-specialist auditors. No significant relationship exists between the size of the client and time pressure, indicating that audit firms are likely to possess stronger bargaining power and resist pressure from clients to reduce audit hours when auditing large companies.