Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SO 2 - NUTRIENT OR TOXIN FOR CHINESE CABBAGE

China, one of the most populated countries in the world, has experienced an unprecedented period of industrial development – the rapid growth of the economy resulting in a high demand for energy. More than 75% of primary energy is supplied by domestic coal, which has a high S and dust content. This reliance on coal as the principle source of energy has resulted in air pollution dominated by SO2, particulates, NOx and acid rain. In comparison with most of the other developing countries in Asia, China has a higher rate of increase in energy consumption. Although some air pollution control measures are adopted in China, the emission of SO2 is still one of the biggest in the world. The dramatic increases in vehicle numbers in Beijing city and growing industrial activity have resulted in a 33-fold increase in NOx emission between 1950 and 1990. Visible injury and growth and yield reductions caused by air pollutants are common phenomena in the fields in and around some industrialized areas in China. Vegetables, fruit trees and agricultural/horticultural crops appear most at risk, since most of them are grown close to the densely populated areas. Recent studies on vegetable species (Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea; Lactuca sativa and Raphanus sativus) grown in pots at distances from 5 to >20 km downwind of the city of Chongqing showed that in comparison with the ‘clean site’, >20 km from Chongqing, yields of all four vegetable species at the two sites closest to the city were significantly (45 88%) decreased by ambient air pollution. Few controlled studies have been directed at quantifying the impacts of SO2 on crops and vegetation in China and even less have attempted to investigate the combined effects of SO2 and other air pollutants as NOx. Most of the research has been conducted using unrealistically high pollutant concentrations for a short time period, and little work has been directed at investigating the underlying mechanisms. Therefore research on i) the mechanisms underlying the impact of chronic exposure at realistic levels of pollutants on growth, physiology, yield and quality of crops, and ii) field-based impact assessments to quantify the extent of crop loss due to air pollution in China, in relation to fertilizer practice, are urgently needed.
1 VARIANCE CHANGES DETECTION IN MULTIVARIATE TIME SERIES

This paper studies the detection of step changes in the variances and in the correlation structure of the components of a vector of time series. Two procedures are considered. The first is based on the likelihood ratio test and the second on cusum statistics. These two procedures are compared in a simulation study and we conclude that the cusum procedure is more powerful. The procedures are illustrated in two examples.
Generational and Intragenerational Differences of the Postpartum Practice Zuo Yue Zi in Kunming, China

Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit. edu/isp_collection Part of the Alternative and Complementary Medicine Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Chinese Studies Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, Family Medicine Commons, Maternal and Child Health Commons, Medicine and Health Commons, Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons, Pediatrics Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, Women's Health Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons
SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG NON-MALAYS IN MALAYSIA

In light of the increases in prevalence of alcohol consumption, the objective of the present study is to examine the socioeconomic determinants of alcohol consumption in Malaysia. The Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS III) consisting of 13477 non-Malay respondents is used. The present study applies two logit models to analyse the factors affecting the likelihood of heavy and light alcohol drinking. The results show that the likelihood of heavy alcohol drinking is positively associated with younger individuals, lower income earners, males, the less-educated, non-singles, rural dwellers and the employed, whereas, the likelihood of light alcohol drinking is positively associated with higher income earners, the well-educated, urban dwellers and the unemployed. Based on these findings, several policy implications are discussed.
Cellulase Enzyme Production From Rice Straw Using Solid State Fermentation and Fungi Aspergillus niger ITBCC L74

Rice straw is one of very abundant waste of agricultural and has not utilized maximally. This waste contain cellulose and potential in the manufacture of cellulase enzymes. Research on the production of cellulase enzyme from lignocellulose has been done a lot of enzyme activity is still low. This research using cellulose is 71.95% and conducted with 6 stages. First, the preparation of raw material. Second, the decrease of lignin content with alkali pretreatment. Third, the breeding of fungi Aspergillus niger ITBCC L74 . Fourth, incubation in the inoculum. Fifth, the production of cellulase enzyme by solid fermentation method. Finally, the analysis includes protein content, enzyme activity, enzyme characterization and kinetics of enzymatic reactions. The highest enzyme activity of this study is 3.12 U/ml and protein content is 0.34 mg/ml with fermentation time is 4 day and water content is 75%. In enzyme characterization obtained optimum pH and temperature are 4 and 60°C, respectively. And obtained paramatic kinetic are V max and K m for 40, 50, 60 and 70°C temperature are V max : 6.42; 4.7; 5.82 and 4.46 U/ml and K m : 1.32; 0.38; 0.32; and 0.12%, respectively.
First record of the blenny Parablennius thysanius (Jordan & Seale, 1907) in the Mediterranean

Abstract The blenny Parablennius thysanius is recorded for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea. The specimen was collected by scraping the mooring bouys at the Great Harbour of Antalya, Turkey. The source of the Mediterranean specimen could be fouling or ballast water or even from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal (Lessepsian migrant).
Product Line and Channel Structure Design with Responsive Pricing

This paper studies a manufacturer’s product line and channel structure decisions when downstream channel(s) using holdback pricing strategy. Products have two quality levels: high quality and low quality, and the manufacturer has five product-channel strategies: (1) Duopoly channel with high quality products ( DH ); (2) Duopoly channel with low quality products ( DL ); (3) Duopoly channel with mixed quality products ( DM ); (4) Monopoly channel with high quality products ( MH ); (5) Monopoly channel with low quality products ( ML ). The product-channel is designed by making technology adoption and resource allocation decisions for the products. We characterize equilibrium quantity-pricing decisions of two channels and the optimal resource allocation decisions. We find that profit gap of different technology adoption strategies increases as market size raises. Product-channel strategy is influenced by the distribution of potential market demand to a large extent.
Spectropolarimetry in a sunspot penumbra - Spatial dependence of Stokes asymmetries in Fe I 1564.8 nm

Stokes profiles of sunspot penumbrae show distinct asymmetries, which point to gradients in the velocity field and in the magnetic field. We present spectropolarimetric measurements of the Stokes vector in the neutral iron triplet at 1564.8 nm taken with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter (TIP) at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) in Tenerife. We report on the peculiarities of the profiles of circularly and linearly polarized light for spots at different heliocentric angles. We elaborate on the spatial dependence of Stokes asymmetries within the penumbra and find for profiles of circularly polarized light: (1) In the center-side penumbra the amplitude difference of Stokes-V exhibits a sign reversal on a radial cut, i.e., in the inner (outer) penumbra the red (blue) lobe is broader and shows a smaller amplitude than the blue (red) lobe. (2) In the outer limb-side penumbra (beyond the magnetic neutral line) the red lobe is broader and of less amplitude than the blue lobe. (3) Along the magnetic neutral line we find abnormal Stokes-V profiles, which consist of more than 2 lobes. This indicates the presence of two polarities. For small heliocentric angles abnormal profiles are also seen beyond the magnetic neutral line in the outer penumbra. (4) Maps of the net circular polarization have the tendency to be antisymmetric with respect to the axis that connects disk center with spot center. This finding is striking, because corresponding maps for Fe I 630.25 are symmetric. For linearly polarized profiles we extract the following features: (5) On the center-side penumbra at a heliocentric angle of 56◦ a Doppler-shift as high as 5 km s−1 can be directly measured by the splitting of the π-component of the linearly polarized component. (6) In limbside penumbrae, the profiles of the π-component show the typical asymmetry properties of the Evershed flow as observed in Stokes-I of magnetically insensitive lines. (7) In the outer centerand limb-side penumbrae the center of the π-component is blue-shifted relative to the zero-crossing of the V -profile. Motivated by the moving tube model of Schlichenmaier et al. (1998b), we construct simple model atmospheres featuring hot upflows and cool outflows and calculate corresponding synthetic V -profiles. These profiles are compared with our measured ones and with observed V -profiles in Fe I 630.25 from other authors. We find that the synthetic V -profiles can reproduce all essential characteristics of observed V -profiles for both lines.
Effect of Feeding Graded Levels of White Rot Fungi Degraded Cassava Peels on Milk Yield and Composition of West African Dwarf Sheep Milk

Twenty lactating West African Dwarf (WAD) ewes, in a completely randomized experiment comprising four ewes per treatment, were used in a five-treatment feeding trial to study the influence of white rot fungi degraded cassava peels on milk yield and composition. Diet T1 contained 32 % undegraded cassava peels (UDCP) and served as the control, while diets T2, T3, T4 and T5 contained 8%, 16%, 24% and 32% degraded cassava peels (with Pleutrus tuber-regium) (BDCP) respectively. Five hundred grammes (500 g) of given experimental diets were fed to each ewe in designated animal groups daily from 8:00 – 12:00 h and thereafter allowed access to paddocks of natural pasture predominantly of Andropogon tectorum. Milk yield was estimated by lamb suckling method once a week for a period of 12 weeks following parturition. On the days of yield determination, lambs were separated from their dams for 4-hours (08:00 – 12:00 h), after which they were weighed to obtain the weight of the lambs before suckling and allowed to suckle the dams for 10 min. The lambs were removed from the dams and weighed again to obtain the weight of the lambs after suckling. The amount of milk produced during the separation period (4 hours) was obtained by subtraction and multiplied by 6 to obtain daily milk production. The result showed that the experimental diets significantly (P < 0.05) influenced lactation yield; mean total milk yield was highest (41.83 kg) for ewes fed T3 (16% BDCP). The nutrient composition of milk from ewes on the five experimental treatments were not significantly (P > 0.05) different. However, the Fat content of milk increased and CP decreased with BDCP inclusion in the diets. SNF and TS values were highest for ewes on T3 (23.446 and 27.193% respectively). It was concluded that the inclusion of BDCP in the treatment diets significantly increased milk yield.
Effects of natural honey intake on glycaemic control and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes

Background: Natural honey is among products that are very rich in antioxidants.Several studies have demonstrated its advantages for human beings. However,diabetic patients are recommended not to consume a great amount because of itshigh content in sugar. The aim of the current study was to investigate the safety ofnatural honey in type 2 diabetes. Methods: Thirty-three patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly recruited andate 10g of natural honey with water per day during ten weeks. During the studyperiod, they did not undergo any changes in their diet, drugs and lifestyle. Beforethe onset of the study and at the end, lipids, glycemic profile, and HbA1c weremeasured. The patients performed regularly capillary blood glucose monitoringtoo. Results: We observed that HbA1c has significantly increased from 7.2% to 7.65%(p<10-5). Preprandial glycaemia has also increased, but not significantly.However, fasting and postprandial glycemias remained unchanged. Contrary toglycemic effects, honey improves lipid profile, but not significantly. Actually, totalcholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol have decreased, and HDLcholesterol has increased. Conclusion: Daily consumption of Natural honey can deteriorate glycemic controlof diabetics. However, it is still much better than other sweeteners. So, diabeticsshould take precautions if they consume honey for its advantages, and they coulduse low doses of honey, less than 10 g per day. Nevertheless, more studies shouldbe done to investigate if honey can be beneficial and to determine the mechanismby which it can be
The Role of Service Quality, Involvement and Customer Satisfaction in Green Hotel Industry: Assessment of Structural Model and IPMA Analysis

T his study proposed the linkages between service quality, involvement and customer satisfaction towards green hotel industry. This study employed a cross-sectional study design by using a set of questionnaires as the instruments for measuring the targeted constructs. An empirical assessment of the theoretical framework for this study included a survey of 317 certified green hotel guests in Malaysia. The resulting data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM and IPMA analyses using the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The findings suggested that service quality, and involvement has a positive significant impact towards customer satisfaction. Besides that, service quality was also having a positive significant impact toward involvement. In addition, involvement gives a partial mediating effect toward the relationship of service quality and customer satisfaction by testing the indirect effect. The analysis also supported by the IPMA analysis, where service quality plays a vital role to increase customer satisfaction as compare to the role of involvement. Thus, this study contributed to service quality and marketing literature by adding new empirical evidence on the direct and indirect relationship between service quality, involvement and customer satisfaction.
SEM-EDS and biomechanical evaluation of implants with different surface treatments: an initial study

Aim Alterations in implant surfaces can affect periimplant bone formation and shorten the healing time. The goal of the present study was a comparative scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and biomechanical evaluation of implants subjected to different surface treatments. Materials and Methods Four implant surfaces were analyzed in the present study: machined commercial implants (TU); porous-surfaced commercial implants blasted with Al2O3 microspheres and acid-etched (TJA); laser beam-irradiated experimental implants (Laser) and laser beam-irradiated experimental implants with hydroxyapatite coating (HA). One sample for each surface underwent pre-surgery SEM / EDS analysis. Thirty- two implants (8 for each surface treatment) were then inserted into the tibia of 4 rabbits. After 8 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the implants retrieved by reverse torque and processed for post-surgery SEM / EDS analysis. Results HA implants presented higher removal torque values when compared to Laser, TJA and TU groups. Post-surgery SEM micrographs clearly showed bone formation on all the examined surfaces; however, in the TU group bone covered only some areas of the implant surface, while in TJA, Laser and HA groups the entire implant surfaces were overlaid by newly formed bone. EDS analysis supported the results obtained by SEM and removal torque, showing that concentration of Ca and P increased from TU to TJA, Laser and HA implants. Conclusions Implants with surfaces modified by laser beam with or without apatite coating showed more promising results.
Performance of Four Near Zero Energy Homes: Lessons Learned

While the idea of a zero or near zero energy home is well understood, the actual performance of the structure can be different than expected. High performance homes necessitate increasingly complex envelope, HVAC, water heating, and appliance systems, and successful designs rely on proper function and feedback from those systems to achieve low-energy goals. This paper presents measured data on four near zero energy homes located in Florida that are a part of the U.S. DOE Building America program. The monitored data are compared to both a benchmark model and the prototype computer simulations. By examining the submetered energy data, audited miscellaneous electrical loads, and occupancy, the paper seeks to identify the sources of the discrepancies in reaching performance goals. In some cases, attempts were made to improve the performance of the home by changing system components during the monitoring process. Occupancy and lifestyle related issues also are found to strongly influence performance. For example, in two homes with nearly identical HERS Index ratings and technical performance, the actual measured energy consumption varied by a factor of nearly three.
Validating the Effectiveness of the Mandarin Pronunciation Guide among Malay Learners

This paper reports on a study which was conducted to validate the effectiveness of a guidebook entitled “Mandarin Pronunciation Guide with a Comparison of English and Malay words. ” Many authors (i.e. De Mente, 2006; Peters, 2006; Sharma, 2007) have used English phonetic to explain Mandarin pronunciation. However, no study has been conducted to prove the effectiveness of using English phonetic to learn Mandarin. Mandarin Pronunciation Guide, which content includes using similar corresponding English and Malay sounds, is a guidebook which is written for Malay and English speaking students who learn Mandarin as a foreign language. This study therefore aimed to verify the effectiveness of the guidebook as used among students of a public university in Malaysia. Participants were fifteen Malay students who were asked to use the guidebook. Pre-test and post-test were administered before and after the utilisation of the guidebook where participants were requested to record their pronunciation of 100 Chinese words. The results showed a significant improvement among participants which validated the effectiveness of the Mandarin Pronunciation Guide for use among Malay learners.
Effects of Magnesium Content on Structure and Electrochemical Properties of La-Mg-Pr-Al-Mn-Co-Ni Hydrogen Storage Alloys

The discharge capacity, microstructures, and corrosion resistance of some as-cast alloys represented by the formula La0.7−xMgxPr0.3Al0.3Mn0.4Co0.5Ni3.8, where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, were investigated by SEM/EDX, XRD, and electrochemical measurements. The partial substitution of La by Mg refined the grain structure while the total substitution changed it from equiaxed to columnar. Three phases were detected: a major phase (M), a grey phase (G), and a dark phase (D). The compositions analyzed by EDX suggested that the M phase was close to a LaNi5 phase. With the increase of the Mg content, the analyses revealed a G phase with composition close to a RMg2Ni9 (R = La,Pr) and a D phase close to a MgNi2 phase. The XRD analysis and Rietveld refinement corroborated the EDX results. The corrosion resistance of the alloys was evaluated in 6.0 mol·L−1 KOH solution, and the results showed that the substitution of La by Mg was beneficial for this alloy property. Nevertheless, Mg addition was deleterious to the discharge capacity of the electrodes.
HIGH MOMENT PARTIAL SUM PROCESSES OF RESIDUALS IN GARCH MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 1

In this paper we construct high moment partial sum processes based on residuals of a GARCH model when the mean is known to be 0. We consider partial sums of k th powers of residuals, CUSUM processes and self-normalized partial sum processes. The k th power partial sum process converges to a Brownian process plus a correction term, where the correction term depends on the k th moment µ k of the innovation sequence. If µ k = 0, then the correction term is 0 and, thus, the k th power partial sum process converges weakly to the same Gaussian process as does the k th power partial sum of the i.i. d. innovations sequence. In particular, since µ 1 = 0, this holds for the ﬁrst moment partial sum process, but fails for the second moment partial sum process. We also consider the CUSUM and the self-normalized processes, that is, standardized by the residual sample variance. These be-have as if the residuals were asymptotically i.i. d. We also study the joint distribution of the k th and (k + 1 ) st self-normalized partial sum processes. Applications to change-point problems and goodness-of-ﬁt are considered, in particular, CUSUM statistics for testing GARCH model structure change and the Jarque–Bera omnibus statistic for testing normality of the unobservable innovation distribution of a GARCH model. The use of residuals for con-structing a kernel density function estimation of the innovation distribution is discussed.
Effect of rhizobium bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum) and nano-iron application on yield and yield components of different Pinto beans genotypes.

Pinto Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the major legumes cultivated in Iran and around the world. It is reported that Mycorrhizal inoculation increases the plant’s tolerance to drought. The most accepted mechanism for this effect is the improvement of water-use efficiency of the Mycorrhized plant. Iron deficiency is a widespread agricultural problem in many crops, especially in calcareous soils. In these soils, total Fe is high but occurs in chemical forms not available to plant roots. This study was carried out to determine the effect of Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation and Nano-iron foliar application on yield and yield components of pinto beans genotypes. The genotypes used in the experiments involve ‘Talash’, ‘Khomain’ and ‘COS16’. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the significant effect of Rhizobium leguminosarum treatment on plant height, number of pods, number of seeds per pod, pod skin weight, number of seeds per plant, seed yield and significant effect of Nano-iron on skin weight of pod, seed length, and seed number per pod. For local varieties, results indicated that the highest plant (57.83 cm) and the maximum number of pod per plant (14.5) were obtained from control treatment (no bacterial inoculation). Results also indicated that the longest pod (9.75 cm) and the maximum seed per plant (71.83) and the maximum seed yield (18.57 g) were obtained from treatment of seed inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum in ‘Khomein’ variety.
Does Law Really Matter for Stock Market Development? The Case of a South Pacific Island Economy: Fiji, 1997–2007

In view of the prominent law-finance-economic growth theory and the continuing debate over it, this paper examines the applicability of the law–stock market development nexus in Fiji, an island economy in the South Pacific region, where economic growth performance has generally been considered disappointing. Results from an analysis of primary and secondary data indicate that stock market development over the 1997-2007 period has been very weak compared with 55 other developed and developing countries. The evidence does not support the frequently stated or implied proposition that strengthening legal institutions is an essential pre-requisite for furthering stock market development in Fiji. This finding may have implications for other developing economies in the South Pacific and elsewhere.