Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARANGROUP INVESTIGATION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPSSISWA KELAS IV SDN GUGUS SUDIRMANKECAMATAN GAJAHMUNGKUR SEMARANG

Berdasarkan hasil observasi di SD terdapat permasalahan dalam hasil belajar IPS siswa, karena dalam proses pembelajaran IPS kurang inovatif dan aktivitas siswa masih kurang, seperti yang terjadi pada siswa kelas IV SDN di Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) apakah model pembelajaran Group Investigation efektif terhadap hasil belajar IPS pada siswa kelas IV SDN di Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang? (2) bagaimanakah aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Group Investigation di kelas IV SDN di Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran Group Investigation terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang, (2) mendiskripsikan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS dengan model Group Investigation dikelas IV SDN Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Jenis penelitian eksperimen yang digunakan adalah Quasi-Experimental dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN di Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang sebanyak 209 siswa, untuk pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes pilihan ganda, dokumentasi,dan observasi aktivitas siswa. Hasil data belajar dianalisis dengan uji N-gain dan uji t, sedangkan data aktivitas siswa dibandingkan berdasarkan kriteria. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) model pembelajaran Group Investigation efektif terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang berdasarkan hasil perhitungan independent sample t test diketahui nilai signifikansi (0,004≤0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, dan didukung uji N-gain kelas eksprimen lebih baik dari kelas kontrol (0,48>0,29), (2) aktivitas siswa setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran Group Investigation meningkat ditunjukkan dengan rata-rata aktivitas siswa kelas eksperimen adalah 83,065% membuktikan siswa aktif dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Group Investigation efektif terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Sudirman Kecamatan Gajahmungkur Semarang. Disarankan guru dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif Group Investigation.
Leukemia and medical radiation.

Radiation histories were compiled on 251 leukemic children and compared with an equal number of matched controls. In general, exposure to radiation was significantly more frequent among the leukemic group. Thymic irradiation was found to be associated with six times the usual incidence of leukemia, the data being highly significant (p <.01). Statistical analysis of the data relative to fluoroscopic studies of the heart or gastrointestinal system, even though not highly significant, does indicate the possibility of a relationship between this type of radiation and an increased incidence of leukemia (p <.05). Diagnostic roentgenograms had been performed more frequently in the leukemic group, but the level of significance was not great (p <.05). Maternal exposure to roentgen rays during pregnancy had occurred somewhat more commonly in the leukemic group, but the difference was too small to be significant (p <.10).
Two-phase liquid cooling for electric vehicle IGBT power module thermal management

The main goal of this work is to show the advantages of two-phase cooling technology for thermal management of high power electronics modules, with a SKIM909GD066 motor inverter as the test device for thermal/fluid analysis. Dissipated power, heat transfer coefficient and fluid temperature are set in a 3-D FEM (Finite Element Method) based thermal model to simulate two-phase cooling of IGBTs at the motor inverter. A comparison of two-phase cooling with single-phase cooling is made to address the advantages of the two-phase solution.
Factors influencing adherence of group B streptococci to human vaginal epithelial cells

Factors affecting the adherence of group B streptococci to human vaginal epithelial cells in vitro were examined. Maximal adherence was achieved within 15 min of incubation of bacteria with epithelial cells. Adherence was temperature and pH dependent; maximal adherence occurred at 37 degrees C and pH 5.5. Killing of streptococci with ultraviolet light or penicillin did not affect adherence. Similarly, adherence was not altered by preincubating epithelial cells at 65 degrees C for 30 min. Thus neither bacterial nor epithelial cell viability appears to be a prerequisite for adherence. Preincubation of streptococci at 65 degrees C for 30 min resulted in a marked decrease in adherence, whereas preincubation of group B streptococci with neuraminidase was associated with a significant increase in adherence. The adherence of strains belonging to five different group B streptococcal serotypes was not altered by group-specific or type-specific rabbit antisera. These findings suggest that the site for adherence on the bacterial cell wall is heat sensitive and is marked by sialic acid, but is not related to either group-specific or type-specific antigens.
Does socioeconomic status explain the relationship between admissions tests and post-secondary academic performance?

Critics of educational admissions tests assert that tests measure nothing more than socioeconomic status (SES) and that their apparent validity in predicting academic performance is an artifact of SES. The authors examined multiple large data sets containing data on admissions and related tests, SES, and grades showing that (a) SES is related to test scores (r = .42 among the population of SAT takers), (b) test scores are predictive of academic performance, and (c) statistically controlling for SES reduces the estimated test? grade correlation from r = . 47 to r = . 44. Thus, the vast majority of the test? academic performance relationship was independent of SES: The authors concluded that the test? grade relationship is not an artifact of common influences of SES on both test scores and grades.
Second‐Line Antirheumatic Drugs in the Elderly with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Post Hoc Analysis of Three Controlled Trials

This study assessed the relative efficacy and toxicity of second‐line antirheumatic drugs in patients 65 years of age or older compared to younger counterparts. The results of three prospective, double‐blind, parallel, randomized, multicenter trials were reanalyzed, stratifying outcomes by intervention and patient age. Efficacy was assessed by categorizing patient responses as follows: important improvement, no meaningful change, or progressive disease. Toxicity was analyzed by comparing withdrawal rates due to adverse effects. The three trials compared the following treatments: (1) d‐penicillamine 10–12 mg/day versus azathioprine 1.25‐1.5 mg/kg/day; (2) gold sodium thiomalate 50 mg intramuscularly weekly versus auranofin 6 mg/day versus placebo; and (3) pulse oral methotrexate 7.5–15.0 mg weekly versus placebo. At baseline, 103 patients age 65 or older were similar to 485 patients less than 65 years of age, with the exception of disease duration in all studies and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in one study. For patients completing each study, efficacy outcomes based on age were not significantly different. Withdrawal rates due to adverse drug reactions were also not significantly different.
CONTRASTING EFFECTS OF SUBCUTANEOUS PULSATILE GnRH THERAPY IN CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPOPLASIA AND KALLMANN'S SYNDROME

A patient with congenital adrenal hypoplasia (AH) and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism was treated with pulsatile subcutaneous GnRH therapy for 16 weeks in an attempt to induce puberty. No rise in serum LH or FSH concentrations occurred despite increasing doses of GnRH (2.8 μg/pulse‐22.4 μg/pulse). In contrast a similar programme of therapy successfully initiated the biochemical changes of puberty in a patient with Kallmann's syndrome. Both patients before therapy had low basal serum LH and FSH concentrations with blunted LH and FSH responses to GnRH stimulation. After 1 week, serum LH and FSH rose into the normal adult range in the patient with Kallmann's syndrome. This study fails to confirm a previous report which suggested that intermittent low dose GnRH therapy may be of value in inducing puberty in AH. The reasons for the difference of pituitary responsiveness to GnRH in AH and Kallmann's syndrome are unclear at present.
Particle Size Distribution and Particle Size-Related Crystalline Silica Content in Granite Quarry Dust

Previous studies indicate that the relationship between empirically derived particle counts, particle mass determinations, and particle size-related silica content are not constant within mines or across mine work tasks. To better understand the variability of particle size distributions and variations in silica content by particle size in a granite quarry, exposure surveys were conducted with side-by-side arrays of four closed face cassettes, four cyclones, four personal environmental monitors, and a real-time particle counter. In general, the proportion of silica increased as collected particulate size increased, but samples varied in an inconstant way. Significant differences in particle size distributions were seen depending on the extent of ventilation and the nature and activity of work performed. Such variability raises concerns about the adequacy of silica exposure assessments based on only limited numbers of samples or short-term samples.
A MUSE map of the central Orion Nebula (M 42)

We present a new integral field spectroscopic dataset of the central part of the Orion Nebula (M 42), observed with the MUSE instrument at the ESO VLT. We reduced the data with the public MUSE pipeline. The output products are two FITS cubes with a spatial size of similar to 5'9 x 4'9 (corresponding to similar to 0.76 x 0.63 pc(2)) and a contiguous wavelength coverage of 4595 . 9366 angstrom, spatially sampled at 0 ''. 2. We provide two versions with a sampling of 1.25 angstrom and 0.85 angstrom in dispersion direction. Together with variance cubes these files have a size of 75 and 110 GiB on disk. They are the largest integral field mosaics to date in terms of information content. We make them available for use in the community. To validate this dataset, we compare world coordinates, reconstructed magnitudes, velocities, and absolute and relative emission line fluxes to the literature values and find excellent agreement. We derive a 2D map of extinction and present de-reddened flux maps of several individual emission lines and of diagnostic line ratios. We estimate physical properties of the Orion Nebula, using the emission line ratios [N II] and [S III] (for the electron temperature T-e) and [S II] and [Cl III] (for the electron density N-e), and show 2D images of the velocity measured from several bright emission lines.
Seroconversion of Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen (HBeAg) by Entecavir in a Child with Chronic Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem. Consensus guidelines for the treatment of chronic HBV in children have not been established, and indications for antiviral therapy in adults with chronic HBV infection may not be applicable to children. The medications that are Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of children with HBV include interferon (IFN)-alpha and lamivudine. Nondetectable serum HBV deoxyribonucleic acid, Hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) loss, and HBeAg seroconversion following 1 year duration of entecavir treatment. A review of the literature of entecavir treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children is also provided.
What Teachers Retain From Historic Site-Based Professional Development

Using a broad-based assessment for understanding what teachers learn in historic site-based professional development (HSBPD), this study follows 29 teachers from a HSBPD at Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello to see how their work at historic sites affected their practice upon return to their classrooms. Influenced by the Interconnected Model of Teacher Growth and Complexity theory, this study considers the complex outcomes of teachers as individuals, professionals, and learners in communities of practice. Results explore a range of outcomes related to content, pedagogical content knowledge, working with peers, interactions with the historic site, and a willingness to reconsider historical information. The discussion offers a consideration of the network of HSBPDs as a cumulative system and the ways in which teachers’ on-site work can deepen our understanding of working with complex historical sources and make larger curricular changes.
Cross-bridge kinetics in fatigued mouse diaphragm.

The aim of this study was to determine cross-bridge number and kinetics in the diaphragm during fatigue and early recovery. Experiments were conducted in isolated mouse diaphragm (n=10). The force of a single cross-bridge (pi), the number of cross-bridges (m x 10(9) x mm2), the time cycle (tc) and the rate constants for cross-bridge attachment (f1) and detachment (g2) were calculated from the equations of A.F. Huxley. Following the fatigue protocol, peak isometric tension (Po) and maximum unloaded shortening velocity fell by 40+/-1% and 17+/-2%, respectively. In fatigued diaphragm, m fell by approximately 40% and returned to baseline after 10 min. When compared to baseline, g2 fell in fatigued diaphragm and remained significantly lower during the 15-min recovery period. In contrast, fatigue did not significantly modify pi, f1, or tc. There was a strong linear relationship between Po and m (p<0.001, r=0.988). No relationship was observed between tc and g2. These results indicate that changes in tension during fatigue and recovery run parallel to changes in the number of active cross-bridges, with no change in the force generated per cross-bridge. It is conceivable that fatigue durably impairs adenosine diphosphate release from the actomyosin complex without modifying the total duration of the cross-bridge cycle.
Comparative Sequence Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant IncA/C Plasmids from Salmonella enterica

Determinants of multidrug resistance (MDR) are often encoded on mobile elements, such as plasmids, transposons, and integrons, which have the potential to transfer among foodborne pathogens, as well as to other virulent pathogens, increasing the threats these traits pose to human and veterinary health. Our understanding of MDR among Salmonella has been limited by the lack of closed plasmid genomes for comparisons across resistance phenotypes, due to difficulties in effectively separating the DNA of these high-molecular weight, low-copy-number plasmids from chromosomal DNA. To resolve this problem, we demonstrate an efficient protocol for isolating, sequencing and closing IncA/C plasmids from Salmonella sp. using single molecule real-time sequencing on a Pacific Biosciences (Pacbio) RS II Sequencer. We obtained six Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry, representing six different serovars, each exhibiting the MDR-Ampc resistance profile. Salmonella plasmids were obtained using a modified mini preparation and transformed with Escherichia coli DH10Br. A Qiagen Large-Construct kit™ was used to recover highly concentrated and purified plasmid DNA that was sequenced using PacBio technology. These six closed IncA/C plasmids ranged in size from 104 to 191 kb and shared a stable, conserved backbone containing 98 core genes, with only six differences among those core genes. The plasmids encoded a number of antimicrobial resistance genes, including those for quaternary ammonium compounds and mercury. We then compared our six IncA/C plasmid sequences: first with 14 IncA/C plasmids derived from S. enterica available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and then with an additional 38 IncA/C plasmids derived from different taxa. These comparisons allowed us to build an evolutionary picture of how antimicrobial resistance may be mediated by this common plasmid backbone. Our project provides detailed genetic information about resistance genes in plasmids, advances in plasmid sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses, and important insights about how MDR evolution occurs across diverse serotypes from different animal sources, particularly in agricultural settings where antimicrobial drug use practices vary.
Extranodal Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma Presenting in the Pleura: A Case Report

Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS) is an extremely rare neoplasm arising from the antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. This disease usually involves the lymph nodes, and rarely, extranodal sites may be affected. The authors report a case of extranodal IDCS presenting in the pleura. A 32-yr-old man presented with progressive chest pain. Imaging studies showed diffuse pleural thickening with pleural effusion. Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of an incisional biopsy of the pleura were consistent with a diagnosis of IDCS; tumor cells were positive for S100 and CD45, but negative for CD1a, CD21, CD35, B cell and T cell markers. The patient was administered chemotherapy, but died of progressive disease. Although its incidence is extremely rare, this case suggests that extranodal IDCS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and that immunohistochemical staining be performed using appropriate markers.
Hypertension in children.

The measurement of blood pressure is now firmly established as an important component of the routine pediatric physical examination. Nevertheless, blood pressure in children has been given serious attention only since the mid-1960s. The first report of the Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children was published in 1977.1 The long-term natural history of blood pressure in children is not well understood. Norms for blood pressure and definitions of hypertension were revised and strengthened by the second task force report, published in 1987,2 and a recent revision contains modified recommendations and norms.3 Factors Influencing Blood Pressure in Childhood Blood .
Effects of the use of alcohol and cigarettes on cognition in elderly adults

The objective of this study was to examine the independent and interactive effects of lifetime patterns of drinking and smoking on cognitive performance in the elderly. A sample of 395 individuals with varying histories of alcohol and cigarette use was drawn from the Charlotte County Healthy Aging Study, a community-based, cross-sectional study of randomly selected older adults of age 60 to 84. Dependent variables were the results of a neuropsychological battery that provided measures of general cognitive ability, executive function, and memory. Specifically, we examined (1) differences in performance among groups of abstainers, drinkers, and smokers, (2) the effects of lifetime drinking and smoking dose on cognition within the group of users, and (3) the effects of intensity of drinking and smoking on cognition. Potential methodological confounds, such as age, education, and medical history, were controlled by means of sampling and covariance procedures. Analyses failed to provide evidence for a beneficial J-curve or threshold effect for drinking, but did not reveal any detrimental effect. No detrimental effect of smoking was found in any analysis; nor was there any evidence of an interaction between alcohol and cigarette use on any cognitive measure. (JINS, 2002, 8, 811–818.)
Physicochemical, microbiological and sensory assessments of Italian salami

Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host by improving the intestinal microbial balance. We evaluated the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus (La) and Bifidobacterium lactis (Bl) probiotics and their effects on the technology and sensorial characteristics of fermented sausage. The presence of probiotic cultures reduced water activity and promoted faster pH reduction in the salamis, which presented pH values between 4.71 and 5.23 and water activity between 0.84 and 0.89. Lactic acid content ranged between 0.19 and 0.29 g, and the samples lost up to 35 % of their weight during ripening. As regards color, no differences were found between the probiotic salamis and the control, presenting an overall mean of 40.85 for L* (lightness), 14.48 for a* (redness) and 6.46 for b* (yellowness). High consumer acceptance was observed for the probiotic salamis, which showed an average acceptance of approximately 7.0 on a nine-point hedonic scale for all attributes evaluated, with no differences (p ≤ 0.05) when compared with the control. The performance of La was better, as the salamis treated with this microorganism presented less weight loss, better acceptance and greater purchase intention. Flavor and texture were the attributes that most influenced sensory acceptance. Salamis supplemented with probiotic cultures may be a viable option for the formulation of fermented sausages in the food industry.
HRTEM of dislocation cores and thin‐foil effects in metals and intermetallic compounds

Examples of the observation and analysis of dislocation cores and dislocation fine structure in metals and intermetallics using high resolution transmission electron microscopy are discussed. Specific examples include the 60° dislocations in aluminum, a〈011〉 edge dislocations in NiAl, and screw dislocations in Ni3Al. The effect of the thin TEM foils on the structure and imaging of these dislocations is discussed in light of embedded atom method calculations for several configurations and coupled with image simulations. Some generalizations based on these calculations are discussed. These analyses enables determination of the spreading or decomposition of the edge component of the cores, both in and out of the glide plane, which can have significant implications for the modeling of macroscopic behavior. Microsc. Res. Tech. 69:317–329, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fluid Model of an Electron Cyclotron Wave Resonance Discharge

A fluid model of a planar electron cyclotron wave resonance argon discharge is presented. The results for a 15-mtorr argon discharge are checked against the particle in cell/Monte Carlo (PIC/MC) simulation results by R. Krimke et al. and are also compared to the analytical theory and experimental data by B. Pfeiffer. The application of a specific boundary condition for the magnetic potential, the use of an effective electron collision frequency that includes plasma nonuniformities, and the coupled solution of the electrostatic field were found to be essential parameters leading to the agreement of the fluid code with both experimental and PIC/MC findings.