Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of solvent-extracted canola meal for growing pigs and lactating sows

The response of weaner pigs, grower/finisher pigs, and lactating sows to inclusion levels of solvent- extracted canola meal up to 250, 300, and 202 g/kg, respectively, was examined in 3 experiments. The average composition of the canola meal used in the experiments was 884 g DM/kg, 376 g CP/kg, 41 g fat/kg, 21.6 g lysine/ kg, 12.4 MJ digestible energy (DE)/kg, and 4.5 µmol glucosinolates/g. In all experiments, canola meal replaced other common protein sources in equal DE and equal lysine diets that were offered ad libitum to pigs. In Expt 1, 49 male pigs were weaned at 19.6 days of age and 6.27 kg liveweight and allocated to 7 diets containing 0-250 g/kg of canola meal for 42 days. Growth rate and voluntary feed intake were not significantly affected by level of canola meal up to 250 g/kg. However, there was a significant linear response in feed conversion ratio (FCR), indicating that as the level of canola meal increased, feed efficiency was improved. In Expt 2, pigs were randomly allocated at about 63 days of age and 24 kg liveweight to 16 group pens, each containing 12 pigs. Four pens were each allocated to one of 4 diets containing 0-300 g/kg canola meal up to slaughter at 140 days of age when pigs were approximately 97 kg liveweight. Canola meal level had no significant effect on growth performance, carcass quality, or weight of the thyroid gland. In Expt 3, 386 mixed parity sows were randomly allocated over a 70-day period to diets containing 0, 101, and 202 g/kg of canola meal that were offered during the lactation period of about 25 days. Average piglet growth between Day 3 and weaning was 244 g/day and was unaffected by inclusion level of canola meal in the sow diet. However, there was a significant positive linear response between sow feed intake and canola meal, which was particularly evident in the sows allocated during the initial period of the experiment when environmental temperatures were hotter. Average feed intake during lactation was 5.08, 5.50, and 5.67 for sows offered 0, 101, and 202 g/kg of canola meal, respectively. In conclusion, solvent-extracted canola meal can be included at levels up to 250, 300, and 202 g/kg in weaner pig, grower/finisher pig, and lactating sow diets, respectively, without adversely affecting the performance of these classes of pigs. A P. K andF u R f
Identification of Potential Crossbreeds of Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. and Their Performance Under Tropical Stress

Department of Sericulture, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur – 515 003, Andhra Pradesh, India. (Received 02 January 2011; Accepted 19 May 2011)The performance of five newly evolved cross breedswere evaluated across seasons to understand the gen-otype and environment interactions and their stabilityunder fluctuating tropical environmental conditionsalong with control hybrids PM×CSR2 and APM1×APS8. The data was collected on eight economic traitsnamely fecundity, yield per 10,000 larvae by number,yield per 10,000 larvae by weight, survival rate, cocoonweight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and fil-ament length. The data was subjected for Analysis ofVariance (ANOVA) and relevant statistical methods.The performance data obtained was further subjectedfor multiple trait evaluation index method. The rankswere adjudicated based on the index values. The twohybrids viz., MSO3×APS45 and MSO1×APS12 per-formed well under diversified environmental condi-tions indicating their overall stability and superiority.These hybrids revealed highly significant (p < 0.01)improvement for the majority of the traits over thecontrol hybrids. Key words: Silkworm, Hybrid, Seasonal effects, Envi-ronment, Performance, Consistency
Intensive and Extensive Margins of South–South–North Trade: Firm-Level Evidence

The main value added of our paper is twofold. First, we construct a theoretical framework on how South–South trade will affect productivity cut-offs. Second, we present empirical exercises using highly disaggregated data. Our model is based on the South–South–North trade framework. Using a vertical integration among Southern countries (Indonesia and China) and testing it by employing merged Chinese firms and customs trade data, we find that three types of tariff reductions—foreign tariff reductions, home output tariff reductions, and home input tariff reductions—significantly increase home country firm productivity and exports via extensive and intensive margins. Our findings are robust using ex-ante and expost productivity.
Comparative analyses of hydrological responses of two adjacent watersheds to climate variability and change using the SWAT model

Abstract. Water quality problems in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW) are expected to be exacerbated by climate variability and change. However, climate impacts on agricultural lands and resultant nutrient loads into surface water resources are largely unknown. This study evaluated the impacts of climate variability and change on two adjacent watersheds in the Coastal Plain of the CBW, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. We prepared six climate sensitivity scenarios to assess the individual impacts of variations in CO 2 concentration (590 and 850 ppm), precipitation increase (11 and 21 %), and temperature increase (2.9 and 5.0 ∘ C), based on regional general circulation model (GCM) projections. Further, we considered the ensemble of five GCM projections (2085–2098) under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario to evaluate simultaneous changes in CO 2 , precipitation, and temperature. Using SWAT model simulations from 2001 to 2014 as a baseline scenario, predicted hydrologic outputs (water and nitrate budgets) and crop growth were analyzed. Compared to the baseline scenario, a precipitation increase of 21 % and elevated CO 2 concentration of 850 ppm significantly increased streamflow and nitrate loads by 50 and 52 %, respectively, while a temperature increase of 5.0 ∘ C reduced streamflow and nitrate loads by 12 and 13 %, respectively. Crop biomass increased with elevated CO 2 concentrations due to enhanced radiation- and water-use efficiency, while it decreased with precipitation and temperature increases. Over the GCM ensemble mean, annual streamflow and nitrate loads showed an increase of ∼ 70 % relative to the baseline scenario, due to elevated CO 2 concentrations and precipitation increase. Different hydrological responses to climate change were observed from the two watersheds, due to contrasting land use and soil characteristics. The watershed with a larger percent of croplands demonstrated a greater increased rate of 5.2 kg N ha −1 in nitrate yield relative to the watershed with a lower percent of croplands as a result of increased export of nitrate derived from fertilizer. The watershed dominated by poorly drained soils showed increased nitrate removal due do enhanced denitrification compared to the watershed dominated by well-drained soils. Our findings suggest that increased implementation of conservation practices would be necessary for this region to mitigate increased nitrate loads associated with predicted changes in future climate.
Phylogeny of age-related fitness decline in the wild and of related phenomena

Apoptosis, the telomere-telomerase system, cell senescence and replicative senescence, a characteristic of cell senescence, are ubiquitous in eukaryotic species. Moreover, in some eubacterial species, “proapoptosis”, a type of cell suicide, is determined by molecules homologous to apoptotic proteins, suggesting a common phylogenetic origin. The sophisticated mechanisms and regulators underlying these phenomena are genetically determined. A common feature is that they are always harmful for the individual cell or for the multicellular organism or for the single cell in a multicellular organism in which they act. However, they are probably advantageous for kin cells or individuals. In particular, in some eukaryotic species, a significant effect is that they may cause, in natural conditions, an age-related fitness decline, which is also referred to as “aging”, an imprecise term. Here I suggest that their evolutionary meanings lie in kin selection, and the analogies between their action in monocellular and multicellular eukaryotes are underlined. A phylogenetic reconstruction based on their adaptive meanings is proposed.
Nano Zinc Oxide Boosting Growth and Yield in Tomato: The Rise of “Nano Fertilizer Era”

Globally, the soils are Zinc (Zn) deficient and plan ts are not in a position to accumulate enough Zn in edible parts that can meet the human nutrition requirement . Nanotechnology is one of the most important tools in modern agriculture. Nano agriculture involves the use of n a o sized particles with unique properties (increas d uptake by plants as they are small in size and have a high rate of p enetration through plant cell membrane) to boost cr op productivity. In the present study, an attempt was made to study the effect of nano zinc oxide particle (ZnO NPs) for im proving yield and Zn content in tomato plant. Initially, seed priming concentration was standardized in vitro using ZnO NPs (400ppm) and granular zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) (800ppm). Further, standardized seed priming conc e trations with different combinations of treatment such as seed priming, seed priming+ fo liar spray and flour spray was studied under field condition to evaluate their effect on biomass and Zn accumulation The obtained results based on the physiological and yield parameters showed that the usage of ZnO NPs fertilize rs through any of the methods of application has a significant positive effect, compared to zinc sulphate. ICP-OES analysis of plant digested material revealed that the uptake of ZnO NPs is higher than the granular ZnSO 4. The present study addresses the potential of nano scale particles of plant system, opening an avenue for its potential use as future “ nano fertilizers”. This nanotechnology is one of the t chnologies where, a lot of scope exists to improve the plant n u rition.
Open Archive TOULOUSE Archive Ouverte (OATAO)

—Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling appears as an attractive method to improve spectral efﬁciency at the price of an increased complexity at the receiver. The receiver generally implements a turbo-equalization/detection scheme to beneﬁt from all the promises of the FTN signaling. However, this is not the only limitation we have to deal with. Indeed, compressing in the time domain impact the emitted signal and it usually results in an increase of the envelope ﬂuctuations. This leads to an inherent multi-objectives trade-off between performance, targeted spectral efﬁciency and limited Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). The last aspect is crucial when considering a satellite communication link due to non-linear ampliﬁcation effects that can occur on-board the satellite. Usually, FTN studies focus on spectral efﬁciency increase for a ﬁxed modulation order, trying to trade-off between performance and PAPR properties. In this paper, we show that, for a given asymptotic spectral efﬁciency, we can compress low order modulations to increase the spectral efﬁciency of these schemes while controlling the PAPR increase to achieve a better PAPR than the non compressed scheme with a higher modulation order. Thus, for the same asymptotic spectral efﬁciency, we can achieve 1 dB gain in terms of PAPR and 2 dB gain in Bit Error Rate (BER) performances for a coded 8 -PSK FTN system compared to a coded 16 -APSK. For the same BER performances, the asymptotic spectral efﬁciency gain obtained in linear context is over 20 %, higher when non- linearities are taken into account.
Role modeling as a pedagogical strategy in entrepreneurship education for women and girls: An interactive model of transformational learning

This article presents a pedagogical model that utilizes students as primary researchers in the identification, interviewing, and then reporting on women entrepreneurs as a major component of a multidisciplinary entrepreneurship course. The purpose of the course is to attract students who may not be familiar with the entrepreneurship concept itself, the role of women in such economic ventures, or the possibilities for people like themselves in such a career avenue. Students are exposed to the accomplishments of women entrepreneurs throughout U.S. history in the broad categories of agriculture and mining; construction; communication; manufacturing; service (both for profit and not-for-profit); transportation; and wholesale and retail trade. This content experience is then enhanced by the studentsʼ own direct interaction with and interviewing of women entrepreneurs. The implementation, potential outcomes, and possible adaptations of the course are described, and this transformational learning process model is illustrated.
CLINGING BEHAVIOUR OF THE CAPRELLIDEA (AMPHIPODA) FROM THE STRAIT OF GIBRALTAR

The mode of attachment to the substrate of the eight caprellid species that are the more abundant in the Strait of Gibraltar was observed under laboratory conditions. Types of clinging behaviour were categorized as "moving", "upright", "bending", and "parallel", respectively. Caprella danilevskii and C. penantis spent most of their time in the "parallel" posture, feeding mainly by scraping. This behaviour could be an advantage in exposed environments. The dominant behaviour for the remaining species is the "upright" posture, which could be differentiated into two subgroups. Caprella equilibra and Pariambus typicus fed principally by filtering, using frequent grooming behaviour. However, in Caprella santosrosai, Phtisica marina, and Pseudoprotella phasma, which all attatch to the substrate in the "upright" position, grooming was not frequent. Thus, for these species a predatory mode of life is suggested. The remaining species, Caprella acanthifera presented a scraping strategy associated with the "bending" posture. La forma de sujecion al substrato fue observada en condiciones de laboratorio en las 8 especies de caprelidos mas abundantes del Estrecho de Gibraltar. El comportamiento de sujecion fue categorizado como "moviendose", "erguido", "encorvado" y "paralelo". Caprella danilevskii y C. penantis pasaron la mayor parte del tiempo en la postura paralela alimentandose mediante raspado. Este comportamiento podria resultar ventajoso en ambientes expuestos. El comportamiento dominante para las restantes especies fue la postura erguida, pudiendose diferenciar dos subgrupos. Por una parte, Caprella equilibra y Pariambus typicus se alimentaron principalmente por filtracion usando frecuentemente el "grooming". Por otra parte, en Caprella santosrosai, Phtisica marina y Pseudoprotella phasma aunque sujetas al substrato en posicion erguida, el "grooming" no fue tan frecuente. Asi, se sugiere un modo de vida predador para estas especies. La especie restante, Caprella acanthifera presento una estrategia de alimentacion por raspado asociada a la postura encorvada.
Spectral variability of quasars from multi-epoch photometric data in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82

Aims. The study of the ensemble properties of the UV/optical broadband variability of quasars is hampered by the combined effects of the dependence of variability on timescale, rest-frame wavelength, and luminosity. Here, we present a new approach to analysing the dependence of quasar variability on rest-frame wavelengths. Methods. We exploited the spectral archive of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to create a sample of over 9000 quasars in the Stripe 82. The quasar catalogue was matched with the Light Motion Curve Catalogue for SDSS Stripe 82 and first-order structure functions were computed from the lightcurves. The structure functions are used to create a variability indicator that is related to the same intrinsic timescales for all quasars (about 1 to 2 yr in the rest-frame). We study the variability ratios for adjacent SDSS filter bands as a function of redshift. A quantitative interpretation of these relations is provided by comparing with the results of simple Monte Carlo simulations of variable quasar spectra. Results. We confirm the well-known dependence of variability on time-lag; the best power-law fit of the sample-averaged structure function has a slope β = 0.31 ± 0.03. We also confirm that anti-correlations exist with luminosity, wavelength, and redshift, where the latter can be fully explained as a consequence of the former two dependencies. The variability ratios as a function of redshift resemble the corresponding colour index-redshift relations. While variability is almost always stronger in the bluer passband than in the redder, the variability ratio depends on whether strong emission lines contribute to either one band or the other. We find that the observed variability ratio-redshift relations are described well assuming that (a) the r.m.s. fluctuation of the quasar continuum flux follows a power law σ(fλ) ∝ λ −2 (i.e., is bluer when brighter) and (b) the variability of the emission line flux is only ∼10% of that of the underlying continuum. These results, based upon the photometry of more than 8000 quasars, confirm the previous findings by Wilhite and collaborators for 315 quasars with repeated SDSS spectroscopy. Finally, we find that quasars with unusual spectra and weak emission lines tend to have less variability than conventional quasars. This trend is the opposite of that expected from the dilution effect of variability due to line emission and may be indicative of high Eddington ratios in these unusual quasars.
The complexity and geometry of numerically solving polynomial systems

These pages contain a short overview on the state of the art of efficient numerical analysis methods that solve systems of multivariate polynomial equations. We focus on the work of Steve Smale who initiated this research framework, and on the collaboration between Stephen Smale and Michael Shub, which set the foundations of this approach to polynomial system--solving, culminating in the more recent advances of Carlos Beltran, Luis Miguel Pardo, Peter Buergisser and Felipe Cucker.
INFLUENCE OF WHEELED TYPES OF A Skidder ON PRODUCTIVITY AND COST OF THE FOREST HARVESTING

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different wheel types of a skidder on productivity and cost of Pinus taeda L. wood extraction. The study was conducted in a forestry company located in the municipality of Mandirituba, Parana state, Brazil. The technical and cost analyses included a time and motion study of the wood extraction activity. The productivity, operative efficiency, energy consumption and the production and operational costs were determined for the machines with different wheel types: SDP - skidder with rubber tires; SD2 – skidder with tracks on the two front tires; and SD4 – skidder with tracks on the four tires. Results showed that the activity that demanded most time in the operational cycle was the maneuvering of the machines to pick up more than one tree, resulting in lost of productivity and need of improvement in the operational planning. The skidder equipped only with rubber tires showed higher productivity and lower production cost in the longest extraction distances, caused by the higher operating speed of the machine. Keywords: Timber extraction; wheel types; operating efficiency. Resumo Influencia dos rodados de um skidder na produtividade e no custo da extracao florestal . Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a influencia de diferentes tipos de rodados de um skidder na produtividade e no custo da extracao de madeira de Pinus taeda L. O estudo foi conduzido em uma empresa florestal localizada no municipio de Mandirituba, estado do Parana, Brasil. As analises tecnica e de custo englobaram um estudo de tempos e movimentos da operacao de extracao florestal. Foi determinado a produtividade, eficiencia operacional, rendimento energetico e custos operacionais e de producao das maquinas equipadas com diferentes tipos de rodados: SDP – skidder com rodados de pneus; SD2 – skidder com pneus dianteiros recobertos com semiesteiras e SD4 – skidder com os quatro pneus recobertos com semiesteiras. Os resultados mostraram que a atividade que demandou o maior tempo do ciclo operacional foram as manobras realizadas pelas maquinas para apanhar mais de uma arvore, ocasionando perda de produtividade e necessidade de melhoria no planejamento operacional. O skidder equipado somente com rodados de pneus apresentou maior produtividade e menor custo de producao nas maiores distâncias de extracao, ocasionado pela maior velocidade operacional da maquina. Palavras-chave: Extracao florestal; tipos de rodados; eficiencia operacional.
Corporate Ownership Structure and Firm Performance: Evidence from Listed Firms in Iran

corporate governance as a mechanism helps to align management's goals with those of the stakeholders which are to increase firm performance. The relevant literature suggests that ownership structure is one of the main corporate governance mechanisms influencing the scope of a firm performance. Therefore, the aim of this study is to answer this question: ''is there any relationship between ownership concentration and firm performance? '' Based on stratified random sampling of listed firms on Tehran Stock Exchange and applying the panel least squared with cross-section weights as the underlying statistical test, it is found that firm performance is negatively related to ownership concentration of Iranian listed firms. In addition, the impact of ownership structure on firm performance depends on industry.
“Don’t Look Down”: Alpha-Band Activity Reveals Selection Prior to Suppression of to-be-Ignored Locations

To examine behavioural and electrophysiological effects associated with the intentional suppression of spatial locations, a task was employed which cued to-be-ignored locations prior to stimulus presentation. Over three experiments, participants were faster to respond to targets when such stimuli were presented alongside salient distractors at cued locations compared to uncued locations. This distractor cueing benefit, however, was time dependent as it was only observed when sufficient time was provided between cue and target displays. Possibly underlying the distractor cueing benefit, hemispheric differences in alpha-band activity gradually emerged between cue and target displays in accordance with the position of cued locations. While it was expected that electrophysiological markers associated with reactive suppression would also be influenced by distractor cueing, this was not the case; only a late stage of effortful processing was affected. Further, findings were present to suggest that both endogenous and exogenous processes contributed to the distractor cueing benefit.
Spontaneous Mutation Accumulation Studies in Evolutionary Genetics

Mutation accumulation (MA) experiments, in which mutations are allowed to drift to fixation in inbred lines, have been a principal way of studying the rates and properties of new spontaneous mutations. Phenotypic assays of MA lines inform us about the nature of new mutational variation for quantitative traits and provide estimates of the genomic rate and the distribution of effects of new mutations. Parameter estimates compared for a range of species suggest that the genomic mutation rate varies by several orders of magnitude and that the distribution of effects tends to be dominated by large-effect mutations. Some experiments suggest synergistic interactions between the effects of spontaneous deleterious mutations, whereas others do not. There is little reliable information on the distribution of dominance effects of new mutations. Most evidence does not suggest strong dependency of the effects of new mutations on the environment. Information from phenotypic assays has recently been augmented by direct m.