Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postprocedural Complications after Angioplasty with Stenting of the Internal Carotid Artery

Short Reports infarctions. Occlusion of perforating arteries arising from the distal VA is likely to be responsible for such infarctions, and the length of the occlusion should be minimized as much as possible to avoid this complication [3, 4]. Treatment of VA dissection involving the PICA origin is the most problematic [8, 9]: inadvertent occlusion of the PICA causes serious brainstem/cerebellar infarctions, whereas incomplete packing of the dissection with the hope of sparing the PICA is no more effective or safe. In summary, endovascular occlusion using GDC is an effective treatment for ruptured VA dissection. However, VA dissection involving the PICA origin, bilateral VA dissection, and VA dissection with hypoplastic contralateral VA remain therapeutic challenges.
Effectiveness of Tension-Free Vaginal Tape Compared With Transobturator Tape in Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence and Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency: A Randomized Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy of transobturator tape with tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency. METHODS: One hundred sixty-four women diagnosed with urodynamic stress incontinence and intrinsic sphincter deficiency with or without concomitant pelvic organ prolapse repair were randomized to receive TVT or transobturator tape. The primary outcome was the presence or absence of urodynamic stress incontinence at 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were the rate of operative complications, symptomatic stress incontinence requiring further surgery, and quality-of-life questionnaires. RESULTS: Of 180 women eligible to participate, 164 were enrolled and underwent surgery. Of the 138 patients assessed at 6 months with urodynamic studies, 14 of 67 (21%) had urodynamic stress incontinence in the TVT group compared with 32 of 71 (45%) in the transobturator tape group (P=.004), with nine women in the transobturator tape group having repeat sling surgery compared with none in the TVT group. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the incident rate difference for request of repeat surgery was 9.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0–19.9); repeat surgery would be requested in one of every six transobturator tape procedures compared with 1 of every 16 TVT procedures. The risk ratio of repeat surgery was 2.6 (95% CI 0.9–9.3) times higher in the transobturator tape group. CONCLUSION: Retropubic TVT is a more effective operation than the transobturator tape sling in women with urodynamic stress incontinence and intrinsic sphincter deficiency. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.actr. org.au, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12608000093381 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I
The cost‐benefit of using soft silicone multilayered foam dressings to prevent sacral and heel pressure ulcers in trauma and critically ill patients: a within‐trial analysis of the Border Trial

Little is known about the cost‐benefit of soft silicone foam dressings in pressure ulcer (PU) prevention among critically ill patients in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU). A randomised controlled trial to assess the efficacy of soft silicone foam dressings in preventing sacral and heel PUs was undertaken among 440 critically ill patients in an acute care hospital. Participants were randomly allocated either to an intervention group with prophylactic dressings applied to the sacrum and heels in the ED and changed every 3 days in the ICU or to a control group with standard PU prevention care provided during their ED and ICU stay. The results showed a significant reduction of PU incidence rates in the intervention group (P = 0·001). The intervention cost was estimated to be AU$36·61 per person based on an intention‐to‐treat analysis, but this was offset by lower downstream costs associated with PU treatment (AU$1103·52). Therefore, the average net cost of the intervention was lower than that of the control (AU$70·82 versus AU$144·56). We conclude that the use of soft silicone multilayered foam dressings to prevent sacral and heel PUs among critically ill patients results in cost savings in the acute care hospital.
Antibacterial Activity of Marine Bacillus Substances against Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus and In Vivo Evaluation Using Embryonic Zebrafish Test

Accepted 09 Jun 2016 Revised 02 Jun 2016 Received 26 Sep 2015 Indian J Pharm Sci 2016;78(3):417-422 The production of antimicrobial substances by marine bacteria isolated from different locations in the sea has been known for long time[1,2]. But the usage of marine bacteria obtained from hydrothermal vent regions as a potential antibacterial agent against pathogenic disease was not much studied. In our earlier study we had reported several bacterial strains isolated from hydrothermal vent regions of Dom João de Castro Seamount (DJCS) located in the North Atlantic ocean, between the Azorean Islands of São Miguel and Terceira (38°13.3’N, 26°36.2’W), lies on the Terceira Rift[3] and a new shallow hydrothermal vent field discovered in 2010 at a depth of 30 m, which is located close to the Faial Island, just outside the Espalamaca (38°33’N; 28°39’W)[4]. We admitted some of the Bacillus strains from this collection for screening potential antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Vibrio and Staphylococcus sp.
Patient and caregiver perspective on pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis and newly developed symptom questionnaires*

ABSTRACT Objective: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), a rare chronic inflammatory condition of the esophagus, is predominantly observed in children and is primarily manifested with feeding difficulties. To our knowledge, no self- or caregiver-reported questionnaires are available to assess pediatric EE symptoms and their impact as reported directly by children or their parents/caregivers. The objectives of this study were to characterize the symptoms and impact of EE among children as reported by patients and parents/caregivers and to assess the content validity of two newly developed pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis symptom questionnaires, one parent/caregiver-reported questionnaire for ages 2–7 years and one child-reported questionnaire for ages 8–17 years. The questionnaires were developed based on a review of the literature and clinical expert consultation. Research design and methods: This cross-sectional study involving one-on-one interviews with patients and caregivers was conducted at an American Partnership for Eosinophilic Disorders conference. Parents of patients aged 2–7 years (n = 12) and patients aged 8–17 years (n = 16) were first asked about symptoms and their impact on everyday life, using open-ended questions. Participants then completed the appropriate symptom questionnaire and were asked to provide feedback on the relevance, comprehensiveness, and clarity of each item and other questionnaire issues (time to complete, length, format, etc.). All reported symptoms were enumerated, and the feedback on the symptom questionnaires was analyzed qualitatively. Results: The majority of study participants were white (82%) and male (86%). The most frequently reported symptoms of 2–7-year olds were vomiting (92%), “reflux” (50%), dysphagia (25%), abdominal pain (25%), and trouble sleeping (25%). The 8–17-year group reported abdominal pain (56%), vomiting (31%), throat pain (25%), diarrhea (25%), and food getting stuck (25%). Symptoms and treatment were reported to have a major impact on daily life, particularly on school, after-school activities and social events, feeling frustrated regarding symptoms and treatment, and feeling “different”. Overall, participants thought that the questionnaires were clear, relevant, and appropriate for symptom assessment. Limitation: This study was based on a small and convenient sample of participants attending an EE conference and hence may not be representative of the general EE patient population. Conclusions: EE is associated with a range of symptoms that vary in terms of the type, frequency and severity across and within patients. The results provide adequate support for the content validity of the self- and caregiver-reported versions of the symptom-specific questionnaires. Minor modifications were made based on the feedback obtained. A psychometric evaluation of the revised questionnaires is needed next to assess the construct validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the measures.
Scleral Fixation of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses Using Gore-Tex Suture With Concurrent 23-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy

In the absence of capsular support, options for intraocular lens (IOL) placement include anterior chamber intraocular lenses, iris-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCIOLs), and scleral-fixated PCIOLs. In a 2003 Ophthalmic Technology Assessment report for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Wagoner et al supported the effective use of these varying fixation techniques in the appropriate clinical setting, without clear superiority of one method. The choice of surgical technique depends on many factors, including comorbid ocular conditions and anatomical considerations. For surgeons treating patients with history of trauma or complicated cataract surgery, vitrectomy is often required along with IOL placement. Herein, we describe an effective technique for ab externo scleral fixation of PCIOLs using GoreTex (W.L. Gore & Associates, Newark, DE) suture, initially described by Slade et al, modified to include concurrent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy.
Experimental investigation of an enhanced thermosyphon heat loop for cooling of a high performance electronics module

This paper discusses the investigation of module cooling utilizing an enhanced thermosyphon heat loop as an alternative to direct air cooling or liquid-to-air cooling with forced convection of the liquid. Using water as the working fluid in the thermosyphon, experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of fill volume, heat load, and condenser air flow rate on overall thermosyphon performance in terms of thermal resistance. Enhancement of evaporator performance using fins was also investigated and the results are reported in the paper.
A Deterministic Satellite-to-Indoor Entry Loss Model

Advances in satellite and receiver technology make former denied areas like indoors accessible for satellite based radio services. As a consequence, suitable penetration loss models are of significant importance for service availability planning. Standard penetration loss models ignore the building layout in relation to the transmitter-receiver geometry. Within this paper, we introduce the term entry loss as a measure for the additional loss of a wideband impulse received at the geometrical line-of-sight path delay caused by the building materials. Knowing the received power caused by indoor multipath propagation, the penetration loss and the entry loss are deterministically related. As a contribution, we propose an entry loss model which is able to include the geometrical relation of walls, receiver and transmitter positions. Within the model, we treat walls, windows and doors as apertures and, therefore, as sources for signal penetration and diffraction. A verification of the model using wideband channel sounder measurement data is performed. By simulations, we show the comparability between existing models and the proposed one. Moreover, a short description on the usage of the proposed entry loss model for wideband channel simulations is provided.
Depressed patients in remission show an interaction between variance in the mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 gene and childhood trauma on negative memory bias

Background Genetic, environmental, and cognitive factors play a role in the development and recurrence of depression. More specifically, cognitive biases have been associated with depression risk genes and life events. Recently, the mineralocorticoid receptor NR3C2 gene, and in particular the rs5534 polymorphism, has been associated with negative memory bias, at least in healthy individuals who experienced severe life adversity. The current study examined the interaction between the rs5534 genotype and different types of adverse life events in a sample of depressed patients in remission. Materials and methods A total of 298 depressed patients in remission performed an incidental emotional memory task (negative and positive words). Life adversity, childhood trauma, and recent adversity were measured using a self-report questionnaire. NR3C2 rs5534 by life adversity, as well as childhood trauma and recent adversity interactions were analyzed for negative and positive memory bias using analyses of covariance. Results The significant interaction between rs5534 and childhood trauma on negative memory bias (P=0.046) indicated that risk ‘A’ allele carriers with childhood trauma tended to show more negative memory bias compared to individuals homozygous for the G allele who had experienced childhood trauma and A allele carriers without childhood trauma. No interaction effects with life adversity or recent adversity were found. Also, no main effect of rs5534 on memory bias was found, although we had insufficient power for this analysis. Conclusion An association of the NR3C2 gene and childhood trauma with negative memory bias was found in depressed patients in remission, which extends previous findings in a healthy population.
Peroxynitrite plays a role in methamphetamine‐induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity: evidence from mice lacking neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene or overexpressing copper–zinc superoxide dismutase

The use of methamphetamine (METH) leads to neurotoxic effects in mammals. These neurotoxic effects appear to be related to the production of free radicals. To assess the role of peroxynitrite in METH‐induced dopaminergic, we investigated the production of 3‐nitrotyrosine (3‐NT) in the mouse striatum. The levels of 3‐NT increased in the striatum of wild‐type mice treated with multiple doses of METH (4 × 10 mg/kg, 2 h interval) as compared with the controls. However, no significant production of 3‐NT was observed either in the striata of neuronal nitric oxide synthase knockout mice (nNOS –/–) or copper–zinc superoxide dismutase overexpressed transgenic mice (SOD‐Tg) treated with similar doses of METH. The dopaminergic damage induced by METH treatment was also attenuated in nNOS–/– or SOD‐Tg mice. These data further confirm that METH causes its neurotoxic effects via the production of peroxynitrite.
A new glnA-linked regulatory gene for glutamine synthetase in Escherichia coli.

Mutations in the glnA region of the Escherichia coli chromosome due to Mu prophage insertion result in two phenotypic classes. One class is Gln- and does not synthesize glutamine synthetase[L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3. 1.2] under any growth condition. The other class produces a low level of glutamine synthetase under all growth conditions and is uncoupled from the regulatory effects of mutations in the glnF and glnD genes. Complementation analysis demonstrates that these two classes of insertions are in different cistrons. From these data we suggest that a regulatory gene, glnG, tightly linked to glnA, mediates both activation and repression of glutamine synthetase synthesis. An analysis of the evidence accumulated to date makes it unlikely that glnG is the only gene in the glnA region involved in the complex system of nitrogen regulation.
Tunable spin–orbit coupling and symmetry-protected edge states in graphene/WS2

We demonstrate clear weak anti-localization (WAL) effect arising from induced Rashba spin–orbit coupling (SOC) in WS2-covered single-layer and bilayer graphene devices. Contrary to the uncovered region of a shared single-layer graphene flake, WAL in WS2-covered graphene occurs over a wide range of carrier densities on both electron and hole sides. At high carrier densities, we estimate the Rashba SOC relaxation rate to be ∼ 0.2 ps − 1 and show that it can be tuned by transverse electric fields. In addition to the Rashba SOC, we also predict the existence of a‘valley-Zeeman’ SOC from first-principles calculations. The interplay between these two SOC’s can open a non-topological but interesting gap in graphene; in particular, zigzag boundaries host four sub-gap edge states protected by time-reversal and crystalline symmetries. The graphene/WS2 system provides a possible platform for these novel edge states.
Phytoplankton and water quality in a shallow lake: A response to secondary salinization (Argentina)

This study analyzes the phytoplankton structure and dynamics, as well as the main limnological characteristics in Los Coipos Lake, located in the Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Phytoplankton generic composition was studied before (April–June 1998), during (July 1998–December 1999), and after (January–October 2003) pumping from the Puelche aquifer waters, characterized by extremely high conductivity values. The capacity of natural recovery from salt contamination was analyzed. The 1998–1999 parameters were obtained from a technical database (Aguas Argentinas water supply company), while two-monthly samples were collected and analyzed between January and October 2003. Decrease and replacement of genera was related to the conductivity increase; recovery of the number of genera was recorded once the input ceased. Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae were responsible for the greatest phytoplankton densities. During ground-water input, four high phytoplankton density events were recorded. One hundred fifty-three infrageneric phytoplanktonic and tichoplanktonic taxa were registered during 2003, together with high total phytoplankton densities. Phytoplankton structure and dynamics did not seem to be regulated by dissolved salt content in the post-pumping period.
Hawk Calls Elicit Alarm and Defensive Reactions in Captive Geoffroy’s Marmosets (Callithrix geoffroyi)

Most descriptions of callitrichid antipredator behavior have come from observations of visual encounters with predators, but there is also anecdotal evidence suggesting that callitrichids may use auditory cues associated with raptors for the early detection of potential danger. In the present study, Geoffroy’s marmosets consistently reacted to the tape-recorded calls of a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) with high-intensity antipredator behaviors. Compared to the taped calls of a raven (Corvus corax) and the taped sound of a power drill, the hawk calls elicited more startle reactions, more alarm calls, longer freeze times, increased use of safe areas of their enclosure and greater disruption in ongoing behavior. Once in a relatively safe location in the enclosure, the marmosets visually monitored the site of origin of the calls for 10 min and minimized locomotion for 30 min, but resumed baseline levels of other activities that had been disrupted by the hawk calls. Marmosets may use the auditory cues associated with predators for early detection, and subsequent avoidance, of a potential predator in the vicinity.
Rapid Surface Water Volume Estimations in Beaver Ponds

Abstract. Beaver ponds are surface-water features that are transient through space and time. Such qualities complicate the inclusion of beaver ponds in local and regional water balances, and in hydrological models, as reliable estimates of surface-water storage are difficult to acquire without time- and labour-intensive topographic surveys. A simpler approach to overcome this challenge is needed, given the abundance of the beaver ponds in North America, Eurasia, and southern South America. We investigated whether simple morphometric characteristics derived from readily available aerial imagery or quickly measured field attributes of beaver ponds can be used to approximate surface-water storage among the range of environmental settings in which beaver ponds are found. Studied were a total of 40 beaver ponds from four different sites in North and South America. The simplified volume–area–depth (V–A–h) approach, originally developed for prairie potholes, was tested. With only two measurements of pond depth and corresponding surface area, this method estimated surface-water storage in beaver ponds within 5 % on average. Beaver pond morphometry was characterized by a median basin coefficient of 0.91, and dam length and pond surface area were strongly correlated with beaver pond storage capacity, regardless of geographic setting. These attributes provide a means for coarsely estimating surface-water storage capacity in beaver ponds. Overall, this research demonstrates that reliable estimates of surface-water storage in beaver ponds only requires simple measurements derived from aerial imagery and/or brief visits to the field. Future research efforts should be directed at incorporating these simple methods into both broader beaver-related tools and catchment-scale hydrological models.
Topical application of honey in treatment of burns

A total of 104 cases of superficial burn injury were studied to assess the efficiency of honey as a dressing in comparison with silver sulfadiazine gauze dressing. In the 52 patients treated with honey, 91 per cent of wounds were rendered sterile within 7 days. In the 52 patients treated with silver sulfadiazine, 7 per cent showed control of infection within 7 days. Healthy granulation tissue was observed earlier in patients treated with honey (mean 7·4 versus 13·4 days). Of the wounds treated with honey 87 per cent healed within 15 days as against 10 per cent in the control group. Relief of pain, a lower incidence of hypertrophic scar and postburn contracture, low cost and easy availability make honey an ideal dressing in the treatment of burns.
[Polymorphism of CYP11A1 gene in Chinese patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between polymorphism of cytochrome P450 subfamily XIA polypeptide 1 (CYP11A1) gene and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in Chinese population. METHODS From May 2005 to Dec. 2008, 290 PCOS cases treated in the First affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University matched with 344 reproductive women as controls were enrolled in this study. Genotypes of 7 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNP, rs12438594, rs4077582, rs9806234, rs16968477, rs4887139, rs1843090, rs11632698) covering CYP11A1 gene (r(2) > or = 0.8) and 3 microsatellite markers (D15S1547, D16S520, D15S1546) were chosed from the phase II database of Han population in HapMap data. Genotype and frequency of allele were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and haplotype of gene polymorphism were analyzed in 290 PCOS cases and 344 controls. RESULTS Among 7 tSNPs and 3 microsatellite markers, the frequency of rs4077582, D15S1547, D15S1546 and rs11632698 between two groups reached statistical difference (P = 0.010, 0.044, 0.018 and 0.026). The allele frequency of rs4077582, rs4887139, rs1843090, D15S1547 and D16S520 showed significant difference between two groups (P = 0.002, 0.048, 0.030, 0.001 and 0.024). Among 5 haplotype of CYP11A1 (ACGCA13/6/9AG, ACGTA16/6/11AA, GCACG12/8/8AA, GTACA14/4/7GG, GTGCA13/6/7AG), the frequency of GTACA14/4/7GG and ACGCA13/6/9AG were 7.8% (45/580) and 25.3% (147/580) in PCOS group and 11.9% and 19.6% in control group, which showed statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of serum androgen at difference genotype from rs4077582 between two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The polymorphism of CYP11A1 gene was associated with PCOS, however, the relationship between gene sequence covered by tSNP/microsatellite markers and hyperandrogenism of PCOS should be further investigated.