Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE DIVERSITY PERCEPTION AND THE ATTITUDES OF EMPLOYEES:A STUDY ON HUMAN RESOURCE PROFESSİONALS AND HOTEL WORKERS

Kuresellesmeye bagli olarak, sosyal ortamlarda, ozel olarak isyerinde farklilik konusu cesitli firsatlari ve tehditleri tasimaktadir. Bu baglamda, mevcut calismanin amaci, isletmelerde farklilik algilarini ve farklilik iklimini belirlemektir. Bu sinirlama icerisinde, calismada bireyin farkliliktan ne anladigi sorusuna yanit aranmis olup, is gruplarinda ve is disindaki genel sosyal ortamlarda onemli farklilik faktorleri sorgulanmistir. Insanlar, benzer insanlarin olusturdugu homojen gruplarin ve benzer olmayan insanlarin olusturdugu heterojen (farklilik iceren) gruplarin avantajlarina ve dezavantajlarina nasil bakmaktadirlar? Genel farklilik algilamasi nedir? Bu sorular ulusal duzlemde test edilmistir, zira farklilik konusunda yapilan arastirmalarin buyuk cogunlugu, kulturlerarasi ve uluslararasi duzlemde yapilmaktadir. Bu arastirmanin ozgunlugu, cesitli alt kulturlerin mevcut oldugu bir kultur icinde genel farklilik algisinin incelenmesidir. Sonuclar, karsilastirilan gruplar arasinda anlamli farkliliklar oldugunu gostermektedir.
Temporal segmentation of gestures using gradient orientation of depth images

This paper deals with the problem of temporal segmentation present in practical applications of action and gesture recognition. In order to separate different gestures from gesture sequences a novel method utilizing depth information, oriented gradients and supervised learning techniques is proposed in this paper. The temporal segmentation task is modeled as a two-class problem and histogram oriented gradients of the gesture boundary and non-boundary sample frames are incorporated in the feature table as positive and negative training vectors, respectively. The classification task is carried out using both Euclidean Distance based and Support Vector Machine classifiers. A clustering algorithm is employed thereafter to finally locate the temporal boundaries of gestures. Through extensive experimentation it is shown that, the proposed method can provide a high degree of accuracy in temporal gesture segmentation in comparison to a number of recent methods.
Single-molecule imaging and kinetic analysis of cooperative cofilin–actin filament interactions

Significance Cooperative protein–protein interactions are essential for understanding the regulation of enzymes. However, the dynamic interactions that endow proteins with cooperativity in solution have not been directly imaged and analyzed. In this study, we performed super-high-resolution real-time single-molecule imaging of the binding of cofilin to single actin filaments and its subsequent detachment. Results show that long-term binding (>0.4 s) of a single cofilin molecule enhances the binding of additional cofilin within 65 nm (across 24 actin subunits) of the initial binding site. This cooperative binding is presumed to be crucial for the peculiar actin filament-severing action of cofilin. The actin filament-severing protein actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin is ubiquitously distributed among eukaryotes and modulates actin dynamics. The cooperative binding of cofilin to actin filaments is crucial for the concentration-dependent unconventional modulation of actin dynamics by cofilin. In this study, the kinetic parameters associated with the cooperative binding of cofilin to actin filaments were directly evaluated using a single-molecule imaging technique. The on-rate of cofilin binding to the actin filament was estimated to be 0.06 µM−1⋅s−1 when the cofilin concentration was in the range of 30 nM to 1 µM. A dwell time histogram of cofilin bindings decays exponentially to give an off-rate of 0.6 s−1. During long-term cofilin binding events (>0.4 s), additional cofilin bindings were observed in the vicinity of the initial binding site. The on-rate for these events was 2.3-fold higher than that for noncontiguous bindings. Super-high-resolution image analysis of the cofilin binding location showed that the on-rate enhancement occurred within 65 nm of the original binding event. By contrast, the cofilin off-rate was not affected by the presence of prebound cofilin. Neither decreasing the temperature nor increasing the viscosity of the test solution altered the on-rates, off-rates, or the cooperative parameter (ω) of the binding. These results indicate that cofilin binding enhances additional cofilin binding in the vicinity of the initial binding site (ca. 24 subunits), but it does not affect the off-rate, which could be the molecular mechanism of the cooperative binding of cofilin to actin filaments.
Intense exercise causes decrease in expression of both endothelial NO synthase and tissue NOx level in hearts.

Cardiac myocytes produce nitric oxide (NO). We studied the effects of intense exercise on the expression of NO synthase (NOS) and the tissue level of nitrite (NO(2)(-))/nitrate (NO(3)(-)) (i.e., NOx), which are stable end products of NO in the heart. Rats ran on a treadmill for 45 min. Immediately after this exercise, the heart was quickly removed. Control rats remained at rest during the same 45-min period. The mRNA level of endothelial NOS (eNOS) in the heart was markedly lower in the exercised rats than in the control rats. Western blot analysis confirmed downregulation of eNOS protein in the heart after exercise. Tissue NOx level in the heart was significantly lower in the exercised rats than in the control rats. The present study revealed for the first time that production of NO in the heart is decreased by intense exercise. Because NO attenuates positive inotropic and chronotropic responses to beta(1)-adrenergic stimulation in the heart, the decrease in cardiac production of NO by intense exercise may contribute to the acceleration of increase in myocardial contractility and heart rate during intense exercise.
OATPs, OATs and OCTs: the organic anion and cation transporters of the SLCO and SLC22A gene superfamilies

The human organic anion and cation transporters are classified within two SLC superfamilies. Superfamily SLCO (formerly SLC21A) consists of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), while the organic anion transporters (OATs) and the organic cation transporters (OCTs) are classified in the SLC22A superfamily. Individual members of each superfamily are expressed in essentially every epithelium throughout the body, where they play a significant role in drug absorption, distribution and elimination. Substrates of OATPs are mainly large hydrophobic organic anions, while OATs transport smaller and more hydrophilic organic anions and OCTs transport organic cations. In addition to endogenous substrates, such as steroids, hormones and neurotransmitters, numerous drugs and other xenobiotics are transported by these proteins, including statins, antivirals, antibiotics and anticancer drugs. Expression of OATPs, OATs and OCTs can be regulated at the protein or transcriptional level and appears to vary within each family by both protein and tissue type. All three superfamilies consist of 12 transmembrane domain proteins that have intracellular termini. Although no crystal structures have yet been determined, combinations of homology modelling and mutation experiments have been used to explore the mechanism of substrate recognition and transport. Several polymorphisms identified in members of these superfamilies have been shown to affect pharmacokinetics of their drug substrates, confirming the importance of these drug transporters for efficient pharmacological therapy. This review, unlike other reviews that focus on a single transporter family, briefly summarizes the current knowledge of all the functionally characterized human organic anion and cation drug uptake transporters of the SLCO and the SLC22A superfamilies.
Cardiovascular medications among the critically ill patients of a tertiary care hospital: A drug utilization study

Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics | October-December 2013 | Vol 4 | Issue 4 285 syndrome. Similar observation was reported earlier. [7] There was a significant rise in blood glucose level in rats treated with quetiapine, 30 mg/kg (group III). This rise in blood glucose and triglyceride level in this group III implies that quetiapine aggravate the metabolic syndrome induced by CAR. The nonsignificant per se effect of rosuvastatin (10 and 20 mg/kg) and CDP‐choline (100 mg/kg) on glucose level of CAR‐induced rats reveals that rosuvastatin and CDP‐choline did not aggravate metabolic syndrome. However, the reduction of quetiapine induced rise in glucose and TG levels by rosuvastatin and CDP‐choline reveals that these drugs could attenuate the metabolic syndrome caused by quetiapine. The nonsignificant changes in the liver glycogen level of CAR‐induced rats and quetiapine‐treated rats indicate that liver plays a minor role in the metabolic syndrome caused by CAR or quetiapine. The reduction of glycogen levels caused by rosuvastatin reveals that statins have mild adverse affect on liver glycogen storage capacity. However, the nonsignificant effect of CDP‐choline on liver glycogen reveals that CDP‐choline did not produce adverse effects on liver function. The nonsignificant effects of rosuvastatin and CDP‐choline on liver glycogen levels of quetiapine‐treated CAR‐induced rats further confirm that these two drugs attenuate. Study concluded that rosuvastatin and CDP‐choline could decrease the metabolic syndrome caused by quetiapine and CAR. It was observed that after induction of CAR in rats for 7 days, the fasting glucose level was considerably increased as compared to fasting blood glucose level of normal rats, suggesting that schizophrenia itself can lead to glucose imbalance.
Immune-Endocrine Interactions in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most common organ-specific autoimmune disorders affecting approximately 5% of the overall population. An aberrant interaction between abnormal thyrocytes, abnormal antigen-presenting cells and abnormal T cells forms the basis for the atypical autoimmune reaction targeting thyroid antigens. It was proposed that nongenetic (environmental and hormonal) factors play a crucial etiological role in AITD development, through altering immune-endocrine interactions. The most outstanding fact is that in genetically predisposed individuals, the disruption of these neuroendocrine-immune interactions by environmental factors results in thyroid autoimmune dysfunction. These interactions are able to incline the balance between Th1-Th2 immune response toward one side, resulting in a Th1-cell-mediated autoimmune reaction with thyrocyte destruction and hypothyroidism in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis but to a hyperreactive Th2-mediated humoral response against TSH receptor with stimulatory antibodies leading to Graves’ disease hyperthyroidism. In this review the main mechanisms involved are summarized. In this sense, the participation of stress-mediated activation of the sympathoadrenal system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy and postpartum acting on antigen-presenting cells and influencing, in this way, the balance of the immune status are shown to participate in AITD etiology. The possibility that altered levels of thyroid hormones during the course of the AITD may alter immune function is also discussed.
Impact of catechol-O-methyltransferase Val108/158 Met genotype on hippocampal and prefrontal gray matter volume

A variation in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene (Val108/158Met) affects the physiological response of hippocampal–prefrontal circuits, predicts variation in human memory and is associated with increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Using optimized voxel-based morphometry we studied the effect of this functional polymorphism on the anatomy of the hippocampus, and the prefrontal cortex. Fifty-seven healthy participants were investigated (nine had Met/Met, 30 Val/Met, and 14 Val/Val). Voxel-based morphometry showed that individuals who are homozygous for the Val–COMT allele had greater gray matter volume of the prefrontal cortex bilaterally, whereas Met–COMT carriers were associated with increased tissue volume of the hippocampus bilaterally. This study provides evidence that the Val108/158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene might be responsible for individual variation in the human brain morphology.
MASS REDUCTION AND RECOVERY OF NUTRIENTS THROUGH VERMICOMPOSTING OF FLY ASH

In view of the environmental problems generated by large-scale production of fly ash, increasing attention is now being paid to the recycling of fly ash as a good source of nutrients. Because availability of many nutrients is very low in fly ash, available ranges of such nutrients must be improved to increase the effectiveness of fly ash as a soil amendment. In our experiment, we assessed the possibility of increasing total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and micronutrients in fly ash through vermicomposting. Fly ash was mixed with cow dung at 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 ratios and incubated with Eudrilus eugeniae for 60 days. The concentration of above said macro and micronutrient was found to increase in the earthworm-treated series of fly ash and cow dung combinations compared with the fly ash alone. This helped to transform considerable amounts of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and micronutrients from fly ash into more soluble forms and thus resulted in increased bioavailability of the nutrients in the vermicomposted series. Among different combinations of fly ash and cow dung, nutrient availability was significantly higher in the 1:3 fly ash to cow dung treatment compared with the other treatments.
Regulation of Cardiovascular Functions by Eicosanoids and Other Lipid Mediators Docosahexaenoic acid induces ciap 1 mRNA and protects human endothelial cells from stress-induced apoptosis

Pfrommer, Claudia A. , Wolfgang Erl, and Peter C. Weber. Docosahexaenoic acid induces ciap1 mRNA and protects human endothelial cells from stress-induced apoptosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290: H2178–H2186, 2006. First published February 10, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00933. 2005. —Induction of apoptosis represents a potential reaction of endothelial cells (ECs) after injury of the vascular endothelium. Beneficial effects of n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in vascular diseases are widely recognized although the responsible mechanisms are not fully understood. Because it is not known whether PUFAs modulate EC apoptosis, we investigated the effects of n–3 and n–6 PUFAs on 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)-induced EC apoptosis by annexin V staining and caspase-3 activation assays. Pretreatment with the n–3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduced HNE-induced EC apoptosis. DHA-treated cells did not show the pronounced drop in intracellular GSH after HNE exposure seen in vehicleor n–6 arachidonic acid-treated cells. This is most likely due to increased GSH levels in DHA-treated cells. Furthermore, DHA pretreatment increased ciap1 mRNA levels and transfection of cIAP1 small interfering RNA abolished the protective effect of DHA in HNE-induced apoptosis in HUVECs. Thus pretreatment of HUVECs with DHA reduces HNE-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, and the protective effects of DHA seem to be dependent on cIAP1. The results provide a possible new mechanism for the atheroprotective effects of n–3 fatty acids in vascular disease.
Rules of Engagement: Influence of Co-Player Presence on Player Involvement in Digital Games

This article presents an empirical study of social setting as a determinant of player involvement in competitive play. We conceptualize player experience as comprising of components of involvement and enjoyment. Involvement relates to the attentional pull of games encompassing feelings of immersion, engagement and flow. Enjoyment taps into the fun and frustration of playing. A few recent studies indicate that co-players boost player enjoyment, yet the effect on involvement is still largely unknown. In line with enjoyment, involvement could increase with the sociality of settings. On the other hand, the presence of others provides a potential distracter and threat to involvement in games. Results of an experiment where social setting was manipulated within groups indicated that players’ involvement remains constant or even increases when mediated or co-located co-play is compared to solitary play. Hence, co-players do not break the spell of a game, but become part of the magic circle.
Prevalence of and risk factors for isolation of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. from dogs with pyoderma in northern California, USA.

BACKGROUND Canine pyodermas associated with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. (MRS) have increased in prevalence over the past decade. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of MRS isolation from dogs with superficial pyoderma at a primary care clinic (PCC) and those at a tertiary care facility (VMTH) in California, USA, and identify associated risk factors. ANIMALS Client-owned dogs from the VMTH (80 dogs) and the PCC (30 dogs). METHODS Aerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility were performed on swab specimens collected from dogs, and meticillin resistance was determined using microdilution methods according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. A mecA gene PCR assay was used to confirm meticillin resistance when possible. RESULTS Of 89 staphylococcal isolates from the VMTH, 34 (38.2%) were meticillin resistant. In 31 dogs, pyoderma persisted, and one or more follow-up isolates were obtained. The species isolated and drug susceptibility changed unpredictably during treatment. Of 33 PCC isolates, nine (27.3%) were meticillin resistant. Multiple drug resistance was identified in 41 of 53 (77.3%) MRS isolates from the VMTH and five of nine from the PCC. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR for the detection of meticillin resistance was 34 of 39 (87%) and 86 of 87 (99%), respectively. Risk factors for meticillin resistance for both sites were antibiotic treatment within the last year (P = 0.001), and for VMTH, hospitalization of dogs within the last year (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The prevalence of meticillin resistance was not different between VMTH and PCC isolates (P = 0.29). Previous antimicrobial therapy was an important risk factor for the isolation of MRS at both sites.
Emotional Experiences of Obese Women with Adequate Gestational Weight Variation: A Qualitative Study

Background As a result of the growth of the obese population, the number of obese women of fertile age has increased in the last few years. Obesity in pregnancy is related to greater levels of anxiety, depression and physical harm. However, pregnancy is an opportune moment for the intervention of health care professionals to address obesity. The objective of this study was to describe how obese pregnant women emotionally experience success in adequate weight control. Methods and Findings Using a qualitative design that seeks to understand content in the field of health, the sample of subjects was deliberated, with thirteen obese pregnant women selected to participate in an individual interview. Data was analysed by inductive content analysis and includes complete transcription of the interviews, re-readings using suspended attention, categorization in discussion topics and the qualitative and inductive analysis of the content. The analysis revealed four categories, three of which show the trajectory of body care that obese women experience during pregnancy: 1) The obese pregnant woman starts to think about her body;2) The challenge of the diet for the obese pregnant woman; 3) The relation of the obese pregnant woman with the team of antenatal professionals. The fourth category reveals the origin of the motivation for the change: 4) The potentializing factors for change: the motivation of the obese woman while pregnant. Conclusions During pregnancy, obese women are more in touch with themselves and with their emotional conflicts. Through the transformations of their bodies, women can start a more refined self-care process and experience of the body-mind unit. The fear for their own and their baby's life, due to the risks posed by obesity, appears to be a great potentializing factor for change. The relationship with the professionals of the health care team plays an important role in the motivational support of the obese pregnant woman.
Clinicopathological Parameters in Patient Selection for Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer Metastases: A Meta-analysis

Objective:To improve patient selection for cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) by evaluating various preoperatively assessable clinicopathological parameters as markers for survival after CRS and HIPEC. Summary Background Data:Peritoneal metastases (PMs) originating from colorectal cancer are treated with CRS and HIPEC. Despite increasing survival, high morbidity and mortality warrant selection of patients with optimal benefit from this treatment. Many studies report a number of variables to be associated with survival after CRS and HIPEC, but no definitive analysis has been made to validate various markers. Methods:In concordance with PRISMA guidelines, we performed a literature search encompassing 4110 articles to select 50 articles that reported the influence of 1 or more clinicopathological variables on overall survival after CRS and HIPEC. In absence of RCTs, 25 cohort studies could be used to perform a meta-analysis on 10 prognostic variables. Results:We determined that concurrent liver metastasis, lymph node metastasis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score, tumor differentiation, and signet ring cell histology are all negative prognostic variables on overall survival after CRS and HIPEC. Conversely, sex and location of primary could not be validated as prognostic markers. More research is required to make definitive conclusions about neoadjuvant chemotherapy, onset of PMs, and mucinous histology. Conclusions:Current clinical practice, which selects patients based on extraperitoneal metastasis, lymph node stage, performance status, and tumor histology, is validated by our pooled analysis. Our data merit further research into neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the setting of CRS and HIPEC for PMs.
Object Classification using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

The objective of this research project is to explore the impact on performance by varying architectures of deep neural networks. Deep neural networks have resurged in interest by researchers when, in 2012, Krizhevsky et al. submitted a deep convolutional neural network to the ILSVRC (ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge) and achieved significantly-higher results than the entire competition, which consisted primarily of SVMs (support vector machines). Krizhevsky et al. were able to do this by using neural networks constructed with an architecture of five hidden layers (rather than just one) while training on a dataset that is vastly larger than when neural networks were previously researched. I wish to explore many of the techniques used in their architecture, such as max pooling, dropout, GPU computation, and non-saturating non-linear activation functions, in the context of classifying objects in images. I have begun by examining the public codebase of Krizhevsky et al.’s architecture and working towards reproducing their results; I will follow this by experimenting with these previously-mentioned techniques, specifically max pooling and dropout, with the overarching goal of constructing a better-performing architecture. I expect that I will find some deeper insight on the purposes and effects of these techniques and how to use them to optimize object classification. To develop a framework for optimizing a deep neural network architecture for object classification, a better understanding of the techniques used to accompish it must be made. My objective is to determine the best way of using techniques like max pooling when designing a deep neural network architecture for classifying objects.