Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the coordinated impacts of climate policies for financing adaptation and development actions

Climate change might be seen as a remote issue compared with more urgent problems, as poverty, disease and economic stagnation. However, it can directly affect the efficiency of resource investments and eventually hinder the achievement of many development objectives. There is therefore a need to link climate change considerations with development priorities. Considerable research has already been done on climate change mitigation but much less attention has been paid to make development strategies more resilient to climate change impacts. Lack of awareness of climate change within the development community and limitations on resources to implement response measures are the most frequently cited explanations. Mainstreaming climate policies could also prove difficult to carry out because of direct trade-offs between development priorities and the actions required to deal with climate change. Governments and donors confronting pressing challenges, such as poverty and inadequate infrastructure, have few incentives to divert scarce resources to investments that are perceived as not paying off until climate change impacts fully manifest themselves To finance climate change adaptation investments in Least Developed Countries, official flows (as grants and loans) are significant, but a low fraction of them addresses adaptation directly. Moreover, tight budgetary constraints in many countries could hinder donors’ commitment to fight climate change and to foster development. Using a CGE model, this paper focuses on the need for financing adaptation actions in a framework of development for LDCs, considering a particular climate change impact –sea level rise. Here, we evaluate the use of a coordinated climate policy as an instrument to raise revenues, and recycle them both to finance domestic adaptation actions in developed countries and to pool them into an “adaptation fund” to finance investment against SLR in LDCs.
Channel Estimation Using Data and Pilots for a Coordinated DSL System

Coordination between users in the downstream direction has been recently proposed in order to combat the effects of crosstalk in DSL transmissions. A high level of coordination involves a fine knowledge of the crosstalk coupling between lines and an imperfect channel estimation has an influence on the performance of the system. Classical estimation techniques that use training symbols have good performance with a low computational cost, but induce a loss in terms of bandwidth efficiency. In addition, the management of DSL lines should consider the insertion of a new user in a coordinated transmission. In this paper, we propose a crosstalk estimation method for including a new user without disrupting the transmission of the already coordinated users. The resulting channel estimation error is then analyzed as well as the impact on the expected data throughputs.
Maternal Age, Obstetric Complications, and the Outcome of Pregnancy

Data from 44,386 pregnancies were analyzed to determine if advancing maternal age influences frequency or outcome of antenatal disorders. The perinatal mortality rate progressively increased from 25/1000 at age 17 to 19 years to 69/1000 after age 39. Stillbirths accounted for 92% of this increase. Fourteen percent of the increase was due to congenital malformations and 50% to disorders associated with uteroplacental underperfusion, ie, abruptio placentae, large placental infarcts, and placental growth retardation. Sclerotic lesions in the myometrial arteries are a possible cause of underperfusion because the proportion of arteries with these lesions increased from 11% at age 17 to 19 years to 83% after age 39.
Pengaruh Atribut Produk, Kualitas Produk Dan Promosi, Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Mobil Merek Honda Di Kota Medan

This study aims to identify and explain the influence of product attributes, product quality, and partial and simultaneous promotion on purchasing decisions. This type of research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. Sampling using Non-Probability Sampling is the saturated sampling of 100 respondents using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed that the variable product attributes, product quality, promotion of partially significant effect on purchasing decisions. The results of the simultaneous shows that the variable product attributes, product quality, and promotion significantly influence purchasing decisions. Therefore, the company should be able to inform the Honda brand car with a better understanding of product attributes, product quality, and price through the sales conversations, so that they are understood in marketing their products.
Is Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Medicine’s Canary?

In 1989 the gene that causes cystic fibrosis (CF) was identified in a search accompanied by intense anticipation that the gene, once discovered, would lead rapidly to gene therapy. Many hoped that the disease would effectively disappear. Those affected were going to inhale vectors packed with functioning genes, which would go immediately to work in the lungs. It was a bewitching image, repeatedly invoked in both scientific and popular texts. Gene therapy clinical trials were carried out with a range of strategies and occasionally success seemed close, but by 1996 the idea that gene therapy for CF would quickly provide a cure was being abandoned by the communities engaged with treatment and research. While conventional wisdom holds that the death of Jesse Gelsinger in an unrelated gene therapy trial in 1999 produced new skepticism about gene therapy, the CF story suggests a different trajectory, and some different lessons. This article considers the rise and fall of gene therapy for CF and suggests that CF may provide a particularly compelling case study of a failed genomic technology, perhaps even of a medical “canary. ” The story of CF might be a kind of warning to us that genetic medicine may create as many problems as it solves, and that moving forward constructively with these techniques and practices requires many kinds of right information, not just about biology, but also about values, priorities, market forces, uncertainty, and consumer choice.
Determinants of Chilli Pepper Production in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria

This study analyses the determinant of chilli pepper production in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. The data were collected from 80 pepper farmers with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that 71.2% were male with a mean age of 42.4 years and 76.2% had one form of formal education or the other. The majority (80%) of the farmers financed their production through personal savings, 91.3% cultivated between 1 and 5 ha of land, 57.5% of them had a household size between 6 and 10 with the mean household size of 6 persons. The multiple regression result revealed that farm size and fertiliser quantity were positively significant at 1% and 5%, respectively to the pepper output. The major constraints to chilli pepper production among the sampled farmers were weather condition (100%), poor transportation system (93.8%), and pest and disease (92.5%). The study, therefore, recommended the formation of farmer's cooperative to provide agroOriginal Research Article Oyewo et al.; AJAEES, 28(3): 1-9, 2018; Article no.AJAEES. 44025 2 chemicals, fertilisers, tractors, land and storage facilities at a subsidised rate to the farmers to enable more production, and the government should also provide good roads to ensure good and smooth transportation of farm produce for sale.
Perspective: Leveraging Open Innovation through Paradox

In search of fresh ideas, firms increasingly engage with external contributors in open innovation collaborations. However, research has found that such collaborations frequently fail, and has pointed to conflicting demands of control and openness. On the one hand, firms want controlled and selective participation, clarity of purpose, and a choice of ideas based on their own current capacity and value appropriation strategies. On the other, their external contributors tend to want open and unfettered participation, the creative potential of the idea per se , and unrestricted knowledge sharing. This article proposes to shift the conceptual frame from looking at the tensions between control and openness as problems to looking at them as synergies. Drawing on the literature of open innovation and organizational paradox, this article contributes a novel perspective on open innovation that suggests how firms can leverage open innovation collaborations through paradox by shifting between practices based on differentiation and integration. we suggest further directions for research into open and collaborative innovation.
Botulinum Toxin A Treatment in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Its Effects on Walking and Energy Expenditure

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) treatment on energy expenditure and ambulation in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to determine if energy expenditure measurement could be considered a useful tool for evaluating the effectiveness of BTX-A treatment for CP. DesignThe study included 16 pediatric CP patients with equinus deformity who were capable of walking without assistance (group with CP). The children with CP were administered BTX-A injections into the gastrocnemius muscle. All the children underwent three-dimensional gait analysis and energy expenditure measurement before injection and 8 wks after injection, the results of which were compared with those of children without CP (control group). ResultsAfter BTX-A treatment, oxygen consumption in the group with CP was significantly lower than at pretreatment and was similar to that in the control group (P > 0.05). In the group with CP, post–BTX-A treatment ankle joint dorsiflexion angle at initial contact, mid-stance, and mid-swing improved significantly (P < 0.05). ConclusionBTX-A injected into the gastrocnemius muscle in children with CP not only reduced spasticity and improved ankle range of motion and walking pattern but also reduced energy consumption, resulting in functional improvement. Energy expenditure measurement can be considered an objective quantitative tool for clinical evaluation of the functional outcome of therapeutic interventions such as BTX-A.
The Summer Employment Experiences and the Personal/ Social Behaviors of Youth Violence Prevention Employment Program Participants and Those of a Comparison Group

The summer job market for teens in both Massachusetts and the U.S. over the past five years has been quite depressed, with record low summer employment rates for the nation’s teens being set in the past three years (2010-2012). 1 The teen summer employment rate in Massachusetts fell from 67% in 1999 to only 36% in 2012, a decline of 31 percentage points (Chart 1). Black and Hispanic teens, especially those residing in low income families and from high poverty neighborhoods, have experienced the greatest difficulties in finding employment in the summer. Lack of job opportunities reduces teens’ exposure to the world of work and their ability to acquire both basic employability skills (attendance, team work, communicating with other workers and customers) and occupational skills. Being jobless all summer also increases their risk of social isolation (staying at home), hanging out on the street, and exposure to or participation in urban violence and delinquent behavior.
The Aquila Digital Community The Aquila Digital Community

There have been a number of studies investigating how attitudes such as confidence and motivation affect students and their academic achievement. This study was conducted to identify specifically how fifth grade students’ attitudes affect their achievement in mathematics. Gender was studied to determine its effect on attitude and achievement. Furthermore, various types of personality traits were studied including extroversion, conscientiousness, self-control, and intellectual efficiency to determine their effects on achievement. To gather the data a questionnaire including a Likert scale survey and a math test was administered. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between attitudes toward and achievement in math. Concerning gender, males had a more positive attitude towards math compared to females, but both genders scored approximately the same on the achievement test. Finally, extroversion was the only trait to have a significant relationship with achievement, showing that students who were more extroverted scored higher on the test. These findings indicate that educators should be aware of students’ attitudes and seek to improve them in order to positively influence students’ academic achievement.
Metabolic syndrome and the risk of vascular dementia: the Italian Longitudinal Study on Ageing

Objective The authors investigated the relationship of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components with incident dementia in a prospective population-based study with a 3.5-year follow-up. Methods A total of 2097 participants from a sample of 5632 subjects (65–84 years old) from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Ageing were evaluated. MetS was defined according to the Third Adults Treatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) were classified using current published criteria. Results MetS subjects (N=918) compared with those without MetS (N=1179) had an increased risk for VaD (1.63% vs 0.85%, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 3.71, 95% CI 1.40 to 9.83). After excluding 338 subjects with baseline undernutrition, MetS subjects compared with those without MetS had an elevated risk of VaD (adjusted HR, 3.82; 95% CI 1.32 to 11.06). Moreover, those with MetS and high inflammation had a still further higher risk of VaD (multivariate adjusted HR, 9.55; 95% CI 1.17 to 78.17) compared with those without MetS and high inflammation. On the other hand, those with MetS and low inflammation compared with those without MetS and low inflammation did not exhibit a significant increased risk of VaD (adjusted HR, 3.31, 95% CI 0.91 to 12.14). Finally, a synergistic MetS effect versus its individual component effects was verified on the risk of VaD. Conclusion In our population, MetS subjects had an elevated risk of VaD that increased after excluding patients with baseline undernutrition and selecting MetS subjects with high inflammation.
Pain Interference in Individuals in Driver Intervention Programs for Driving Under the Influence Offenders

Pain-related problems among individuals in court-mandated Driver Intervention Programs (DIPs) for “driving under the influence” (DUI) offenders have not been well studied. This project examines 3,189 individuals from a DIP in Dayton, Ohio. Over 11% of participants reported significant pain-related interference in the past 4 weeks. Pain was significantly more likely in those with depression, more childhood conduct problems, and recent use of multiple illicit drugs. Many individuals seen in court-mandated DIP programs for DUI offenders also report difficulties with pain. DIP programming should address pain in relation to substance use and mental health issues.
Management of two influenza vaccination campaign in health care workers of a university hospital in the south Italy.

BACKGROUND In Europe, flu remains one of the major public health problems. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are a category at high-risk of contracting the infection and infecting their patients; consequently, for this category, vaccination is highly recommended. Unfortuntely, coverage levels remain insufficient with rates ranging between 4 and 40. STUDY DESIGN The purpose of our work was to evaluate the adherence of HCWs to the influenza vaccination and to carry out a combination of educational and motivational interventions in order to increase the rate of adherence to the vaccination in this workers' category. METHODS We conducted two different influenza vaccination campaigns, 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. The study was divided in two steps. In the first, preliminary step, an anonymous questionnaire was administered to HCWs containing a set of questions in order to gain information about the number of subjects willing to undergo the vaccination and the reasons that led others toits rejection. In the second step, vaccination campaigns were carried out preparing an appropriate vaccination calendar that was communicated to all interested Units and vaccination points located in various wards. RESULTS We found a slightly improved compliance trend, from an average of 2.3% in the previous years to 3.3% in 2014 and 7.4% in 2015. CONCLUSIONS Despite the observed increase, the adherence remains very low. We found that the main causes of this result are the fear of adverse effects, the negligence and indolence of the same workers and a lack of risk perception of contracting the disease and transmitting it to patients. Our work stressed the importance of offering correct information and of meeting the needs of HCWs, often unable to leave their ward for the excess workload. This could be, in future years, one of the possible solutions to increase vaccination adherence.
Increased Risk of Asthma in Children with ADHD: Role of Prematurity and Maternal Stress during Pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE ADHD and asthma are prevalent conditions in childhood, with complex pathophysiology involving genetic-environmental interplay. The study objective is to examine the prevalence of asthma in our ADHD population and explore factors that may increase the risk of developing asthma in children with ADHD. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the presence of maternal stress during pregnancy and history of asthma in 201 children diagnosed with ADHD. RESULTS Chi-square analysis indicated significant higher presence of asthma in our ADHD sample compared to Quebec children, χ(2)(1, N = 201) = 15.37, P<0.001. Only prematurity and stress during pregnancy significantly predicted asthma in a logistic regression model, χ(2)(2)=23.70, P<0.001, with odds ratios of 10.6 (95% CI: 2.8-39.5) and 3.2 (95% CI: 1.4-7.3), respectively. CONCLUSION Children with ADHD have a higher prevalence of asthma than the general Quebec pediatric population. Children with ADHD born prematurely and/or those whose mothers experienced stress during pregnancy have a significantly increased risk of developing asthma. The study highlights the importance of potentially offering social and psychological support to mothers who experienced stress during pregnancy and/or are at risk of delivering prematurely.
Attitude of general public to risks associated with anaesthesia.

OBJECTIVE To identify specific fears being entertained about general anaesthesia. METHODS People who do work in any medical facility were targeted in this prospective questionnaire-based study. All respondents were literate. The questionnaire was divided into two sections; (a) The baseline information, which included age, sex, marital status, occupation, previous exposure to anaesthesia and patient preference for anaesthesia technique. (b) Fear about risks associated with general anaesthesia; respondents were expected to pick one of four options (very concerned, somewhat concerned, not concerned and not sure), to indicate how they feel about each of the eight risks listed in the questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed using SSPS version 10 for Windows. RESULTS In a bivariate analysis, marital status, occupation and previous exposure to anaesthesia are not associated with the expressed fear by the respondents. Respondents had the highest concern for the fear of death (82%), followed by fear of postoperative pain (75.4%). Least concern was for awareness during anaesthesia (37.7%). The mean age of those who expressed concern about being aware during operation is 37.0 +/- 8.6 years while those not concerned is 31.8 +/- 8.5 years (p=0.034). More of those who are concerned with nakedness preferred general anaesthesia (p = 0.023). Also, more females (95.7%) than males (70.6%) expressed fear about pain during general anaesthesia (p = 0.019). CONCLUSION Fear of death is a great concern for our patients coming for general anaesthesia and it is followed closely by fear of postoperative pain, the later was of greater concern to females. Finally, more of those who were concerned about nakedness preferred general anaesthesia.
Judgment Error in Pie Chart Variations

Pie charts and their variants are prevalent in business settings and many other uses, even if they are not popular with the academic community. In a recent study, we found that contrary to general belief, there is no clear evidence that these charts are read based on the central angle. Instead, area and arc length appear to be at least equally important. In this paper, we build on that study to test several pie chart variations that are popular in information graphics: exploded pie chart, pie with larger slice, elliptical pie, and square pie (in addition to a regular pie chart used as the baseline). We find that even variants that do not distort central angle cause greater error than regular pie charts. Charts that distort the shape show the highest error. Many of our predictions based on the previous study's results are borne out by this study's findings.
Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics Do consumers want mobile commerce ? A closer look at M-shopping and technology adoption in Malaysia

Purpose – Mobile shopping is expected to emerge as a new way of shopping as the Asia Pacific region moves towards the digital era. It is important to understand factors that influence consumers’ intentions to adopt this new shopping channel, especially in developing countries such as Malaysia where it has the fastest growing mobile penetration rate in the world. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and includes additional variables such as personal innovativeness (PI) and trust. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical data from 453 consumers were tested against a proposed model using partial least squares structural equation modelling. Findings – Findings suggest that most of the constructs in the model (i.e. trust, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitudes, PI and perceived behavioural control) influence a shopper’s intentions towards adopting mobile shopping. For example, consumers’ attitudes towards M-shopping adoption is higher if a system is not complex and easy to use; if consumers can easily pull out their mobile devices from their pockets to browse or shop by using just one finger, without a complicated process, they tend to use M-shopping channels. In addition, when mobile technology is user-friendly and free from mental effort, it creates positive perceptions that the system is useful, developing stronger intentions for consumers to adopt this alternative. Originality/value – Since M-shopping is a personalised activity that involves money transactions, consumers are more cautious with adoption intentions, and do not follow social norms blindly. Thus, the empirical evidence from Malaysian consumers contributes to literature with insights into their specific m-shopping behaviour in this emerging market. In addition, from a theoretical perspective, the research model in this study integrates both TAM and TPB to provide a holistic view of consumers’ M-shopping adoption intentions in an emerging market, incorporating user-centric factors (i.e. trust and PI). An important finding which differs from other studies is that the relationship between subjective norms and behavioural intention to use M-shopping was not significant, which is contrary to the findings of previous studies. Moreover, attitude was found to mediate the effect of PEOU and PU on consumer’s intention towards mobile shopping adoption. The validated instrument would serve as a useful guideline for researchers during development and refinement of studies on M-shopping.