Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role Perceptions of Newly Appointed Senior School Leaders in the Western Cape, South Africa and Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates: A Comparative Case Study

The role of the senior school leader, in school leadership teams, has been intensely deliberated over the years. Professional learning and leadership approaches and experiences for newly appointed senior school leaders have been extensively linked to the role perceptions of new school leaders. The importance of appropriate recommendations for policy and practice highlight the need for complex developmental support ingenuities to support their perceived development needs. Extensive teaching experience may be the only requirement for being appointed as a senior school leader, as also suggested by the Western Cape Education system (WCED). A developing system such as the Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC) system, highly qualified individuals make up for a lack of experience. Both these perceptions support the notion that no further professional development is required for newly appointed school leaders, the problem addressed in this paper. This article report and compare the main findings of the perceived roles and responsibilities of newly appointed senior school leaders in the Western Cape, South Africa, and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The perceived roles and responsibilities of newly appointed school leaders, suggest a unique and specialist development approach to support effective leadership. The outcomes of this study further suggest a need for contextualised, individualised training and support in their individualised roles and responsibilities. The paper, therefore, employs a mixed-method approach to gather data to understand the perceived roles and responsibilities of newly appointed senior school leaders in the Western Cape, South Africa and Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Comparison of TM Derived Glacier Areas With Higher Resolution Data Sets

A heat exchanger for cooling enclosures, typically electronic enclosures, has a box with a heat pipe type exchange element and upper and lower fan units. A novel element holder and box structure and arrangement of components provides for safety, NEMA-12 sealing, easy access and cleaning without tools, and enables the exchanger to be inverted end-for-end and mounted either on the inside or outside of the exchanger while providing a cover that easily comes off for service. The exchanger has an ambient fan and motor and a heat load fan and motor normally inside the box, and both fan and motors and the exchanger are movable to alternative positions for service. A method of servicing a heat exchanger is provided wherein two fans and motors, and a heat exchanger sequentially are unlocked and moved to alternative service positions.
Car Ownership as a Mediating Variable in Travel Behavior Research

Car ownership is considered as an important variable in research on the influence of the built environment on travel behavior. Car ownership is determined by the built environment, and influences on its turn other aspects of travel behavior. However, empirical studies generally consider car ownership either as a dependent variable or as an independent variable. This paper combines both approaches into one single analysis. A model in which car ownership mediates the relationship between the built environment and car use is estimated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This SEM-model confirms the true mediating nature of car ownership.
Downscaling of GCM scenarios to assess precipitation changes in the little rainy season (March-June) in Cameroon

Large-scale climate forcings on local precipitation in Cameroon are analysed during the little rainy season (March-June). Variables found to have strong influence are used to downscale GCM projected rainfall for 2010-2049. In particular, 2 IPCC IS92a scenarios, simulated by the ECHAM4/OPYC3 climate model, are investigated. First, monthly precipitation data from 1951-1990 at 33 meteorological stations are grouped into homogeneous rainfall regions using self-organising feature maps (SOFMs). SOFMs identified 3 groups of stations with related time-series variability. Then, an empirical orthogonal function procedure, followed by canonical correlation analysis (CCA), is used to derive statistical relationships between the homogeneous regions and large-scale variables from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project. A CCA model is established for every region. Numerous fields at different pressure levels are used as macro-scale predictors. All possible combinations of 2 predictors are systematically tested in 3 validation experiments. Those combinations that perform well in the experiments are used to derive local-scale precipitation scenarios from the general circu- lation model (GCM) climate projection experiments. Different combinations of large-scale variables enter the model depending on region. A composite analysis suggests that precipitation is related to an advective (convective) phenomenon in the northern (southern) part of the study domain. More- over, precipitation changes based on 2 IS92a emission scenarios as simulated by ECHAM4/OPYC3 are calculated. The trace-gas-only and the trace-gas-plus-sulphate integrations induce changes ranging locally from + 44 to -10% and from + 36 to -9% respectively, relative to the 1951-1990 control period.
Contributions of body size, habitat and taxonomy to predictions of temperate Australian fish diets

Using k- nearest neighbour procedures to predict prey type and linear models to predict mean prey size, we developed a 2-step dietary model based on the stomach contents of fish of known species, size and location from Western Port, Victoria (Australia). The model, nicknamed ‘Consume’, was used to assess the relative extent to which fish diet varied with body size, species identity, season, and location. Both prey type (mean overlap between predicted and actual prey types = 77%) and mean prey size (r 2 between predicted and observed mean prey size = 93%) were predicted with reasonable accuracy when species identity and length of consumer fish were known. The most important predictor for prey type was the size of the individual consumer, while the most important predictor for mean prey size was the consumer’s taxonomic identity. Predictors were individually removed from both k -nearest neighbour and linear models to assess their relative contributions to the model. Little loss of accuracy (1%) was evident when family rather than species identity was used for both prey type and mean prey size. Environmental information associated with the time and location of fish sampling (habitat, site and season) contributed only marginally to predictions of prey type. Use of the Consume model will allow for an improved understanding of community-level trophic pathways through the integration of prey type and size predictions for consumer fishes.
Empirical Review of Production, Productivity and Marketability of Soya Bean in Ethiopia

This review of research presents recent Soybean related studies conducted in Ethiopia. After a brief contextualization of the discourse regarding Soybean market chain, production and productivity researches globally, materials specific to Ethiopia is discussed in argument, synthesizing the types of findings, summarizing the trends and highlighting knowledge gaps. A review of this nature makes diverse research results available and accessible, facilitates knowledge translation and enables researchers to identify areas for future research.
Pathogen detection and gut bacteria identification in Apis cerana indica in Thailand

Pathogen infection of honeybees can lead to economic losses in apiculture. The earlier the pathogen contamination can be found the better it will likely be for the treatment of the infected colony and prevention of the spread of the pathogen within and between colonies. A total of 50 colonies of Apis cerana were sampled in Samut Songkhram (five colonies) and Chumphon (45 colonies) provinces in the central and the south of Thailand, respectively. Diagnostic multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that 20, 6, 4, 20 and 0% of the samples were infected by Paenibacillus larvae , Nosema ceranae , Nosema apis , Ascosphaera apis and Sacbrood virus ( Morator aetatulus ), respectively. Positive amplified PCR products of target genes were sequenced. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining (NJ) distance based, using the Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (PAUP 4.0b10) program. The phylogenetic relationship of each pathogen, based on the partial sequence of the 16S rRNA of P. larvae , N. ceranae and N. apis , and of the 5.8S rRNA of A. apis , revealed a significant difference from the non-Thai isolates of these pathogens, but no significant geographical isolation between the different Thai apiaries, although it separated some into closely related clusters. In order to reduce the use of antibiotics in an apiary, bacteria in the gut of healthy bees were focused. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium species, Lactobacillus species, Bacillus species, Lactobacillus spp. and other lactic acid bacteria, were isolated from larvae and adult workers, but gave conflicting preliminary identities based on their biochemistry-morphology versus sequence analysis of a partial fragment (1.4 kb) of their 16S rRNA. Keywords: Apis cerana indica , bee pathogens, gut bacteria, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 16S rRNA
A survey of virtual prototyping techniques for mechanical product development

Abstract Repeated, efficient, and extensive use of prototypes is a vital activity that can make the difference between successful and unsuccessful entry of new products into the competitive world market. In this respect, physical prototyping can prove to be very lengthy and expensive, especially if modifications resulting from design reviews involve tool redesign. The availability and affordability of advanced computer technology has paved the way for increasing utilization of prototypes that are digital and created in computer-based environments, i.e. they are virtual as opposed to being physical. The technology for using virtual prototypes was pioneered and adopted initially by large automotive and aerospace industries. Small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing industry also need to take virtual prototyping (VP) technology more seriously in order to exploit the benefits. VP is becoming very advanced and may eventually dominate the product development process. However, physical prototypes will still be required for the near future, albeit less frequently. This paper presents a general survey of the available VP techniques and highlights some of the most important developments and research issues while providing sources for further reference. The purpose of the paper is to provide potential SME users with a broad picture of the field of VP and to identify issues and information relevant to the deployment and implementation of VP technology.
Evaluation of Some Centrifugal Impaction Devices for Shelling Bambara Groundnut

A bulk quantity of bambara groundnut pods (milk coloured) was purchased from a local farmer in Damboa, Borno State, Nigeria. The pods were prepared for experiment by cleaning and varying their moisture content to have three different moisture levels (5.3, 9.6 and 12.2% db). Three groups of impellers (forward facing, radially positioned and backward facing) each group with three different number of slots (eight slots, four slots and two slots) were used for the shelling of the pods. One hundred pods were randomly selected from each pod sample and introduced into the centrifugal cracker. This was replicated five times for each impeller at the three moisture levels. Results of the tests carried out were examined using 3x3x3 factorial design with moisture content, number of impeller slots and impeller slot angulations as variables. Results showed that the forward facing impeller with eight numbers of slots gave 96% effective shelling efficiency, 3.4% breakage and 0.6% partially shelled pods at an average feed rate of 215.8 kg/h, and impeller speed of 1900 rpm.
Does Formality Improve Micro-Firm Performance? Quasi-Experimental Evidence from the Brazilian SIMPLES Program

This paper employs regression discontinuity methods to identify the effect of formality on Brazilian micro-firm performance. The SIMPLES program introduced in November 1996 consolidated multiple taxes and social security contributions into a single payment and reduced taxes for eligible small firms. This provides a quasi-natural experiment that allows us to eliminate many of the endogeneity issues surrounding the impact of formality, measured across several dimensions, on firm performance. We find that SIMPLES had a significant effect on the proportion of firms that have a license to operate, are registered as a legal entity, pay taxes and make social security contributions. Moreover, newly created firms that opt for operating formally achieve higher levels of revenue and profits, employ more workers and are more capital intensive (only for those firms that have employees). The channel through which this occurs is not access to credit or contracts with larger firms. Rather, it appears that the lower cost of contracting labor leads to adopting production techniques that involve greater permanence and a larger paid labor force.
First principal studya of structural, electronic and thermodynamic properties of KTaO3-perovskite

1 ,R.Ascri 1 , L.Ghalouci Abstract. The results of first-principles theoretical study of structural, elastic, electronic and thermodynamic properties of KTaO3 compound, have been performed using the full-potential linear augmented plane-wave method plus local orbitals (FP-APW+lo) as implemented in the Wien2k code. The exchange-correlation energy, is treated in generalized gradient approximation (GGA) using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE96) and PBEsol, Perdew 2008 parameterization. Also we have used the Engel-Vosko GGA formalism, which optimizes the corresponding potential for band structure calculations. The calculated equilibrium parameter is in good agreement with other works. The elastic constants were calculated by using the Mehl method. The electronic band structure of this compound has been calculated using the Angel-Vosko (EV) generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the exchange correlation potential. We deduced that KTaO3-perovskite exhibit an indirect from R topoint. To complete the fundamental characterization of KTaO3 material we have analyzed the thermodynamic properties using the quasi-harmonic Debye model.
Review on Major Virulence Factors of Pathogenic Streptococcus Species

SLO Streptolysin O C4BP C4b-Binding Protein CAMP Factor Christie, Atkins and Munch-Petersen CbpA Choline-Binding Protein A CBPs Choline Binding Proteins CDCs Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysins CW Cell Wall-anchored DNAases Deoxyribonucleases FBP54 Fibronectin-Binding Protein 54 FBPs Fibronectin Binding Proteins FbsB Fg-Binding surface protein B FCT fibronectinand collagen-binding T-antigen FHL-1 Factor H-like protein GAG Glycosaminoglycan GAS Group A streptococcus GBS Group B streptococcus GRAB protein G-related α2M-binding protein GRAB G-related α2macroglobulin-binding protein H2O2 Hydrogen peroxide HA hyaluronic acid HylA Hyaluronatelyase Abstract: Streptococcus species possesses a wide variety of virulence factors and can cause severe invasive infections. Accordingly, the field of bacterial pathogenesis has rapidly expanded with a greater understanding of pathogenesis at the molecular level over the last decades. The ability of bacteria to cause disease is described in terms of the number of infecting bacteria, the route of entry into the body, the effects of host defense mechanisms, and intrinsic characteristics of the bacteria called virulence factors. One essential prokaryotic cell function is the transport of proteins from the cytoplasm into other compartments of the cell, the environment, and/or other bacteria or eukaryotic cells a process known as protein secretion.Secreted proteins can play many roles in promoting bacterial virulence, from enhancing attachment to eukaryotic cells, to scavenging resources in an environmental niche, to directly intoxicating target cells and disrupting their functions. Virulence factors encoded on pathogenic islands represent the entire spectrum of bacterial virulence factors, from adhesins ,toxins, secretion systems, invasins, modulins, effectors, proteases, lipases, and enterotoxins, superantigens, iron uptake systems, immunoglobulin A proteases, capsule synthesis, host defense avoidance mechanisms.
Using acoustic waves to induce high-frequency current oscillations in superlattices

We show that gigahertz acoustic waves in semiconductor superlattices can induce terahertz (THz) electron dynamics that depend critically on the wave amplitude. Below the threshold amplitude, the acoustic wave drags electrons through the superlattice with a peak drift velocity overshooting that produced by a static electric field. In this regime, single electrons perform drifting orbits with THz frequency components. When the wave amplitude exceeds the critical threshold, an abrupt onset of Bloch-type oscillations causes negative differential velocity. The acoustic wave also affects the collective behavior of the electrons by causing the formation of localized electron accumulation and depletion regions, which propagate through the superlattice, thereby producing self-sustained current oscillations even for very small wave amplitudes. We show that the underlying single-electron dynamics, in particular, the transition between the acoustic wave dragging and Bloch oscillation regimes, strongly influence the spatial distribution of the electrons and the form of the current oscillations. In particular, the amplitude of the current oscillations depends nonmonotonically on the strength of the acoustic wave, reflecting the variation in the single-electron drift velocity.
Genetic and non genetic factors affecting body condition score in Nili Ravi buffaloes and its correlation with milk yield.

Pakistan supports approximately 33.7 million buffaloes and Nili Ravi buffalo is the main dairy animal. Among physical characteristics, Body Condition Score (BCS) is very important and various reports indicate that it is under the genetic control to varying levels in different breeds. The present study was planned to score buffaloes on the basis of body condition and to estimate some genetic and non genetic factors affecting this trait and its genetic and phenotypic correlations with milk yield in Nili Ravi buffaloes. Nili Ravi buffaloes maintained at 5 institutional herds and some private farms in Punjab were utilized in this study. A total of 437 milking buffaloes with 1180 records using a linear scale of 1-9 for BCS scoring of buffaloes following ICAR guidelines. Each animal was scored thrice in lactation with an interval of about 90 days. Least squares mean for BCS was found as 4.92±1.08 with a coefficient of variation 22.04 %. A highly significant effect of herd, stage of lactation and parity was observed on BCS. Significant linear and quadratic effect of age was seen on body condition score. Genetic parameters were estimated fitting Animal Model using ASREML program. A fairly moderate estimate of heritability (0.14±0.091) for BCS was observed in the present study. A negative phenotypic correlation of -0.156±0.35 with 305 days milk yield and -0.216±0.03 with score day milk yield was observed. Low genetic correlations (0.051±0.0001 and 0.117±0.017) of BCS with 305 days milk yield and score day milk yield were estimated. It is the first study and more investigations are needed before using BCS as selection criterion for milk yield in Nili Ravi buffaloes.
Fast shuttling of a particle under weak spring-constant noise of the moving trap

Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11747144); XuChang University (Grant No. 2018ZD007); Eusko Jaurlaritza (The Basque Country Government (Grant No. IT472-10); Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and Federacion Espanola de Enfermedades Raras (MINECO/FEDER, UE (Grant No. FIS2015-67161-P)); Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (program UFI 11/55 of the Basque Country University)
Are you laughing, smiling or crying?

Acoustic, articulatory, and perceptual analyses of spontaneous laughing, smiling, and crying speech were done in comparison with neutral speech. Listeners were asked to rate the emotional intensity and identify the emotion as happy, sad, or neutral (or other/unknown) of auditorily presented (a) phrases and (b) single words. The results show acoustic, articulatory and perceptual similarities for laughing, smiling and crying speech; smiling speech was sometimes judged as sad. Utterances rated as emotionally intense (whether laughing, smiling, or crying speech) are characterized by high F0, high F2 and low H2 (dB) (especially for happy), and tended to be produced with raised/retracted upper lip, and lowered tongue dorsum. Possible reasons for the phonetic similarities in such divergent types of emotional expressions, e.g., laughing, smiling and crying, are discussed. Also, discussed are possible reasons why phonetic characteristics of speech intended by the speaker to be emotional are different from those perceived by listeners.
The Impacts of Cultural Values on Bilateral International Tourism Flows

This study explores the impacts of cultural values on international tourism flows. A gravity model for bilateral tourism flows was tested with data involving 81 original countries and 32 destination countries. The external validity of the model was examined by testing several sub-models for each destination. The results show that international tourists tend to flow from lower power distance countries to higher power distance countries; countries with a higher level of individualism, a higher degree of masculinity, relaxed attitudes to new things, and pragmatic approaches tend to have more outbound and inbound travel. Among the control variables, distance has a strong negative impact, population and GDP per capita in original countries have strong positive impacts, population and GDP per capita in destination countries have moderate positive impacts, and the calendar year has a minor negative impact on tourism flows.
Physical Activity Frequency of Special Olympic Athletes Ages 8-18 Across Economic Status

The purpose of the study was to examine the self-reported physical activity frequency of an international sample of children and youth ages 8-18 who participate in Special Olympics across economic status. A secondary aim was to determine if there was a difference between males and females in physical activity frequency. Data from a total of 12,243 children and youth were available from the Special Olympics International Healthy Athletes Database after data cleaning (7819 male and 4424 female). Prevalence rates were calculated with confidence intervals for physical activity occurring less than three days per week, or three or more days per week across economic status of country (low; lower middle; upper middle and high income status). A series of Chi-square test were used to determine differences in physical activity frequency across economic status and gender. Overall, 65.43% of Special Olympics participants from low–income economies, 40.81% from lower middle-income, 50.75% from upper middle-income, and 61.6% from high-income economies reported 3 or more days of physical activity per week. Additionally, male Special Olympic athletes tended to be more physically active than their female counterparts. Additional research is needed to understand reasons for these differences and determine how to increase overall physical activity among this population.