Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chicoutimi Big Five personality factors and individual performance

Personality provides a measure of how an individuals thinks, communicates with other people, reacts to different situations, deals with stress, sets goals, works to achieve those goals as well as how he/she analyzes information and handles situations. During the past century numerous researchers have attempted to identify the role of personality in several indicators of career success (such as job performance and satisfaction) and occupation matching. Psychological researchers have regrouped a number of major personality traits that can affect and predict the global performance of individuals. One of the most important models of personality that has generated a considerable amount of interest is the Big Five factor model or FFM which classifies human personality into five broad factors or dimensions; conscientiousness, neuroticism (or emotional stability), extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness. Our study based on this model as a framework for measuring personality and focuses on the three most powerful and influential factors (conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability) that have been shown in previous studies to be most consistently correlated with global individuals performance (whether academic or job performance). Our purpose is to investigate whether there is a relationship between these super factors of personality and an individual's performance, in order to identify which personality trait(s) can play a role and to what extent they can predict in individuals' performance. Academic performance has been assessed in the present study as an example of global individual performance with the purpose of studying the possibility of predicting global individual performance including academic or job performance by personality traits. This is because personality traits which can predict and lead to academic success and achievement can also predict somewhat high job performance and success. We assessed the academic performance through exam grades of two groups of 209 undergraduate students from two different academic courses: Marketing and Accounting in the Department of Administration Sciences at the University of Quebec at Chicoutimi. As well, we evaluated personality factors through a home-questionnaire of
Globalization, Literacy Levels, and Economic Development

This paper estimated models for GDP growth rates, poverty levels, and inequality measures for the period 1990? 2000 using data on 54 developing countries at five-yearly intervals. Issues of globalization were investigated by analysing the differential effects of the countries? exports and imports and by postulating trans-logarithmic models that allow for non-linear effects of literacy levels and measures of openness. The main findings were that literacy rates affected growth rates in a quadratic manner and countries with higher literacy were more likely to benefit from globalization. Second, the model for growth rates showed non-linear and differential effects of the export/GDP and import/GDP ratios. Third, the models indicated that population health indicators such as life expectancy were important predictors of GDP growth rates. Fourth, models for poverty measures showed that poverty was not directly affected by globalization indicators. Finally, the model for Gini coefficients indicated significant effects of ? medium? and ? high? skilled labour work force, with higher proportions of high-skilled labour implying greater inequality.
Constructive or Repressive? Journalists’ Reactions to the Presumed Political Influences of Online Media

According to the third-person effect or the influence of presumed media influence approach, the presumption that the media has strong effects on other people can affect individuals’ attitudes and behavior. For instance, if people believe in strong media influences on others, they are more likely to increase their communication activities or support demands for restrictions on media. A standardized online survey among German journalists (N = 960) revealed that the stronger the journalists perceive the political online influence on the public to be, the more frequently they contradict unwanted political views in their articles. Moreover, even journalists are more likely to approve of restrictions on the Internet’s political influence, the stronger they believe the effects of online media to be. The data reveal no connections between communication activities and demands for restrictions.
SUZAKU OBSERVATIONS OF LUMINOUS QUASARS: REVEALING THE NATURE OF HIGH-ENERGY BLAZAR EMISSION IN LOW-LEVEL ACTIVITY STATES

We present the results from the Suzaku X-ray observations of five flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), namely PKS 0208−512, Q 0827+243, PKS 1127−145, PKS 1510−089, and 3C 454.3. All these sources were additionally monitored simultaneously or quasi-simultaneously by the Fermi satellite in gamma rays and the Swift UVOT in the UV and optical bands, respectively. We constructed their broadband spectra covering the frequency range from 1014 Hz up to 1025 Hz, and those reveal the nature of high-energy emission of luminous blazars in their low-activity states. The analyzed X-ray spectra are well fitted by a power-law model with photoelectric absorption. In the case of PKS 0208−512, PKS 1127−145, and 3C 454.3, the X-ray continuum showed indication of hardening at low energies. Moreover, when compared with the previous X-ray observations, we see a significantly increasing contribution of low-energy photons to the total X-ray fluxes when the sources are getting fainter. The same behavior can be noted in the Suzaku data alone. A likely explanation involves a variable, flat-spectrum component produced via inverse-Compton emission, plus an additional, possibly steady soft X-ray component prominent when the source gets fainter. This soft X-ray excess is represented either by a steep power-law (photon indices Γ ∼ 3–5) or a blackbody-type emission with temperatures kT ∼ 0.1–0.2 keV. We model the broadband spectra of the five observed FSRQs using synchrotron self-Compton and/or external-Compton radiation models. Our modeling suggests that the difference between the low- and high-activity states in luminous blazars is due to the different total kinetic power of the jet, most likely related to varying bulk Lorentz factor of the outflow within the blazar emission zone.
Obilježja koja utječu na pronalazak izgubljenih pasa

The aim was to assess the impact of missing dogs’ features on their recovery in the City of Zagreb. The features of 433 dogs reported lost by their owners in 2014 were obtained from the Suza Info Centre database. Of these 433 dogs, 305 (70%) were found and returned to their owners. Dog recovery was significantly influenced by the following features: dog size and color (P<0.001), microchipping (P<0.01) and castration (P<0.05).
Mapping inter-subject and inter-regional brain connectivity during free viewing of novel natural scenes

MAPPING INTER-SUBJECT AND INTER-REGIONAL BRAIN CONNECTIVITY DURING FREE VIEWING OF NOVEL NATURAL SCENES by Sheela Nagaraj Traditional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have used controlled tasks such as finger tapping to isolate function in distinct cortical. Recent studies have examined the mechanisms involved during natural conditions by asking subjects to freely view the presentation of a movie. The objective of our study was to further observe the extent to which similarities are present between subjects during natural vision. It was hypothesized that there would be a linear relationship between the percentage of regionspecific overlap, which is the percent of the anatomical region of interest which contains spatial activation exhibited by all six subjects, and corresponding temporal correlation values between subjects from those regions. In this study, a controlled experiment was conducted in which all the subjects viewed a movie clip from the 2005 thriller Redeye for the first time during the fMRI scan. Spatial and temporal correlations were examined during a forty minute movie clip in which subjects casually viewed the stimulus. Significant spatial overlap between the six scanned subjects was observed in many regions during the viewing of the forty minute stimulus and this overlap was considerably lower during the second ten minute viewing. Temporal correlation values as high as 0.8 were observed between subjects during the viewing of the forty minute clip. Interregional correlation was also examined within subjects. The use of a movie clip allowed for the activation of a numerous functional regions in a single duration to identify similarity in cortical activation during a complex stimulus both spatially and temporally. MAPPING INTER-SUBJECT AND INTER-REGIONAL BRAIN CONNECTIVITY DURING FREE VIEWING OF NOVEL NATURAL SCENES
How and Why Do Corporate Bond Returns Depend on Past Returns ? An Empirical Investigation

The cross-section of corporate bond returns strongly depends on past bond returns. Comprehensive transaction-based bond data yield evidence of significant short-term and long-term reversals as well as medium-term momentum in bond returns. We provide an illiquidity-based explanation of short-term reversal and show that momentum and longterm reversals are prevalent in the high credit risk sector. Further, long-term reversals occur mainly in downgraded bonds (with low returns), indicating that downgrading increases the risk of holding the bonds, thus increasing the required return. Returnbased factors for corporate bonds carry sizable premia and provide strong explanatory power for returns of industry/size/rating/maturity-sorted bond portfolios. This Version: July 2018
Temperature variability and trends in the UT-LS over a subtropical site : Reunion (20.8 S, 55.5 E)

Abstract. This paper mainly focuses on the trends and variability of the UT-LS temperature using radiosonde observations carried out over 16 years (January 1993 to December 2008) from a southern subtropical site, Reunion (20.8° S, 55.5° E), using a linear-regression fitting model. Two kinds of tropopause definitions, namely, cold point tropopause (CPT) and lapse rate tropopause (LRT) are used. In order to characterize and quantify the relationship between regional oceanic forcing and temperature at UT-LS, we took into account the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) for the estimation of temperature trends. Results show that the main component is the Annual Cycle (AC), particularly at tropopause (CPT, LRT) and in the lower stratosphere (LS) where more than 26.0±2.4% of temperature variability can be explained by AC. The influence of IOD on the variability of the temperature is at highest ratio at CPT and LS, with respectively 12.3±7.3% and 13.1±5.9%. The correlations between IOD and temperature anomalies at UT-LS are barely significant, which are found to be in close agreement with the results obtained by Rosenlof et al. (2008) over the western tropical Pacific Ocean. The temperature trend in the LS reveals a cooling of about −0.90±0.40 K per decade. The cooling trend at LS is found to be in close agreement with the others studies. Trend estimates in the LS suggest that IOD forcing contributes to increasing cooling by about 0.16±0.05 K per decade. Past works have shown that the additional carbon dioxide increase has a minor effect in the LS, and suggested that other effects than ozone and carbon dioxide changes have to be considered, in order to explain the observed temperature changes in the LS. From this study, we can suggest that the SST changes can be considered also, in addition to effects due to ozone and carbon dioxide changes, in order to explain the observed temperature changes in the LS. As a consequence, our results support the assumption that the Indian Ocean may have a slight impact on temperature variability and on temperature change in the LS over Reunion.
Draft 1 Surfing the biomass size spectrum : some remarks on history , theory , and application 1 2

12 Charles Elton introduced the ‘pyramid of numbers’ in the late 1920s but this remarkable insight 13 into body-size dependent patterns in natural communities lay fallow until the theory of the biomass size 14 spectrum was introduced by aquatic ecologists in the mid-1960s. They noticed that the summed 15 biomass concentration of individual aquatic organisms was roughly constant across equal logarithmic 16 intervals of body size from bacteria to the largest predators. These observations formed the basis for a 17 theory of aquatic ecosystems, based on the body size of individual organisms, that revealed new insights 18 into constraints on the structure of biological communities. In this review we discuss the history of the 19 biomass spectrum and the development of underlying theories. We indicate how to construct biomass 20 spectra from sample data, explain the mathematical relations among them, show empirical examples of 21 their various forms, and give details on how to statistically fit the most robust linear and nonlinear 22 models to biomass spectra. We finish by giving examples of biomass spectrum applications to 23 production and fisheries ecology, and offering recommendations to help standardize use of the biomass 24 spectrum in aquatic ecology. 25 26
Modelling [C I] emission from turbulent molecular clouds

We use detailed numerical simulations of a turbulent molecular cloud to study the usefulness of the [C i] 609 and 370 μm fine structure emission lines as tracers of cloud structure. Emission from these lines is observed throughout molecular clouds, and yet they have attracted relatively little theoretical attention. We show that the widespread [C i] emission results from the fact that the clouds are turbulent. Turbulence creates large density inhomogeneities, allowing radiation to penetrate deeply into the clouds. As a result, [C i] emitting gas is found throughout the cloud. We examine how well [C i] emission traces the cloud structure, and show that the 609 μm line traces column density accurately over a wide range of values. For visual extinctions greater than a few, [C i] and 13CO both perform well, but [C i] performs better at AV ≤ 3. We have also studied the distribution of [C i] excitation temperatures. We show that these are typically smaller than the kinetic temperature, indicating that the carbon is subthermally excited. We discuss how best to estimate the excitation temperature and the carbon column density, and show that the latter tends to be systematically underestimated. Consequently, estimates of the atomic carbon content of real giant molecular clouds could be wrong by up to a factor of 2.
Traditional and local use of medicinal plants by local communities in Hezar Jerib summer area, north of Iran

Background & Aim: Some knowledge about medicinal plants is available in old references or books. But important point is the information of traditional usage of medicinal plants from different parts of Iran will be worthwhile and in addition to encouraging people to it provides a good background for future examination about medicinal plants. The objectives of this study is to identify the medicinal plants along with local names, utilized parts, administration route, ailments treated, therapeutic effect and preparation methods. Experimental: So to get this information, we use semi-structured interviews. This research was conducted in the summer and spring of 2016. During this period around 150 individuals (75 men, 75 women; in an age group between 20 and 95 years) were interviewed in 6 villages. Number of questions in this survey was 15 questions. Ethno botanical data were analyzed by use-reports. In addition important indices like Informant Agreement Ratio (IAR), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) and Cultural Importance (CI) were calculated. Furthermore, a traditional null hypothesis testing was adopted. These are the most popular indices in quantitative ethno botany. Results: A total of 54 medicinal plants belonging to 22 families were identified. The most common families are Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Apiaceae and Rosaceae, with 22, 17, 5 and 4%, respectively. The most common preparations methods were infusion (52%), eaten raw and decoction (13%). Also, between different parts of the plant, the leaves are mostly used. According to RFC and CI indices, the most important plant is Gallium verum. Nervous disease has the highest Informant Consensus Factor value with the rate of 0.80. Recommended applications/industries: Introduction of medicinal plants in each region, along with their use can be a great help to create jobs and Encouraging people to cultivate these plants. Type: Original Research Topic: Medicinal Plants Received July 24 2016 Accepted December 16 2016
The reconstruction of easterly wind directions for the Eifel region (Central Europe) during the period 40.3–12.9 ka BP

Abstract. A high resolution continuous reconstruction of last glacial wind directions is based on provenance analysis of eolian sediments in a sediment core from the Dehner dry Maar in the Eifel region (Germany). This Maar is suitable to archive easterly wind directions due to its location west of the Devonian carbonate basins of the Eifel-North-South-Zone. Thus, eolian sediments with high clastic carbonate content can be interpreted as an east wind signal. The detection of such east wind sediments is applied by a new module of the RADIUS grain size analyze technique. The investigated time period from 40.3–12.9 ka BP can be subclassified in three units: The first unit covers the periods of the ending GIS-9, H4, and GIS-8. With the exception of H4 (40–38 ka BP) the content of organics in our record is relatively high. With the end of GIS-8 (38–36.5 ka) the content of organics decrease and the content of dust increases rapidly. The second time slice (36–24 ka BP) has an increased content of dust accumulation and a high amount of east winds layers (up to 19% of the dust storms per century came from the east). In comparison, the subsequent period (24–12.9 ka BP) is characterized by lower east wind sediments again. Increased frequencies of east wind occur during the time intervals corresponding with the Heinrich events H1 and H2. The unusual H3 show no higher east wind frequency but so do its former and subsequent Greenland stadials. The late LGM (21–18 ka BP) is characterized by a slightly elevated east wind frequency again.
The sensitivity of the modeled energy budget and hydrological cycle to CO 2 and solar forcing

Abstract. The transient responses of the energy budget and the hydrological cycle to CO2 and solar forcings of the same magnitude in a global climate model are quantified in this study. Idealized simulations are designed to test the assumption that the responses to forcings are linearly additive, i.e. whether the response to individual forcings can be added to estimate the responses to the combined forcing, and to understand the physical processes occurring as a response to a surface warming caused by CO2 or solar forcing increases of the same magnitude. For the global climate model considered, the responses of most variables of the energy budget and hydrological cycle, including surface temperature, do not add linearly. A separation of the response into a forcing and a feedback term shows that for precipitation, this non-linearity arises from the feedback term, i.e. from the non-linearity of the temperature response and the changes in the water cycle resulting from it. Further, changes in the energy budget show that less energy is available at the surface for global annual mean latent heat flux, and hence global annual mean precipitation, in simulations of transient CO2 concentration increase compared to simulations with an equivalent transient increase in the solar constant. On the other hand, lower tropospheric water vapor increase is similar between simulations with CO2 and solar forcing increase of the same magnitude. The response in precipitation is therefore more muted compared to the response in water vapor in CO2 forcing simulations, leading to a larger increase in residence time of water vapor in the atmosphere compared to solar forcing simulations. Finally, energy budget calculations show that poleward atmospheric energy transport increases more in solar forcing compared to equivalent CO2 forcing simulations, which is in line with the identified strong increase in large-scale precipitation in solar forcing scenarios.
1 COUP-TFI controls activity-dependent TH expression in adult dopaminergic olfactory bulb interneurons

COUP-TFI controls activity-dependent tyrosine hydroxylase expression in adult dopaminergic olfactory bulb interneurons / S. Bovetti;S. Bonzano;D. Garzotto;S. G. Giannelli;A. Iannielli;M. Armentano;M. Studer;S. De Marchis. In: DEVELOPMENT. ISSN 0950-1991. STAMPA. 140(2013), pp. 4850-4859. Original Citation: COUP-TFI controls activity-dependent tyrosine hydroxylase expression in adult dopaminergic olfactory bulb interneurons
Validating the Immigration Policies in Comparison (IMPIC) dataset

The aim of this paper is to discuss the external and internal validity of the newly created Immigration Policies in Comparison (IMPIC) dataset. After presenting its theoretical conceptualization, we compare the IMPIC to other datasets in this policy field. Next, using a variant of principal component analysis, we empirically analyze its sub-dimensions. Among other things, and contrary to some expectations in the extant literature, we find that there appears to be a comprehensive and consistent dimension comprising immigration policies for the fields of labor migration, family reunification, and asylum seekers. We also offer two typologies, which can be used to map the most important dimensions of variation. These validity tests allow us to better understand what the IMPIC dataset measures, what its main dimensions are, and how it can be compared to other indices that measure immigration policies.
Pasture management in semi-arid tropical woodlands: effects on tree regrowth

The impact of pasture management on tree regrowth (from seedlings and/or root suckers) was measured from 1982 to 1992 at ‘Hillgrove’ and ‘Cardigan’, near Charters Towers, north-east Queensland. Oversowing introduced legumes and grasses, applying superphosphate and cultivating the soil before sowing had little impact. In contrast, on plots where the trees were killed, the number of stems, height and leaf area indices of regrowth were much greater than on plots with live trees. Heavy stocking rates (1 steer/ha) also greatly reduced stem number and leaf area index of regrowth but these stocking rates were not sustainable. Clearing and killing trees can give large herbage growth responses but the regrowth problems reported here, and other potential negative impacts, necessitate a cautious approach to clearing and careful post-clearing management.
Social Influences on Creativity: Evaluation, Coaction, and Surveillance

Abstract: Two experiments examined the effects of evaluation expectation and the presence of others on creativity. In both experiments, some subjects expected that their work would be evaluated by experts, and others expected no evaluation. Evaluation expectation was crossed, in each experiment, with the presence of others. In the first experiment, the presence of others was operationalized as coaction; half of the subjects worked individually in small groups, and the others worked alone. In the second experiment, the presence of others was operationalized as surveillance; half of the subjects believed they were being watched while working. In both studies, subsequent creativity ratings of subjects’ products were made by expert judges. Effects of evaluation expectation were consistently strong. On a verbal task in Study 1 and an artistic task in Study 2, creativity was lower in the groups expecting evaluation than those not expecting evaluation. Evidence for the social facilitation or social inhibition of.