Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of a human patient simulator to improve physiotherapy cardiorespiratory clinical skills in undergraduate physiotherapy students: a randomised controlled trial

Purpose: To investigate whether additional training with a human patient simulator improves cardiorespiratory physiotherapy practice in undergraduate physiotherapy students. Method: A randomised controlled trial was undertaken with 50 third year physiotherapy students from James Cook University, Queensland Australia. Participants in the intervention group underwent two four hour sessions of patient simulator training in addition to their normal cardiorespiratory physiotherapy training prior to attending clinical placements. Participants in both the intervention and control groups were assessed weekly for six weeks on their clinical ability whilst on clinical placement. Results: Mann-Whitney was used to compare the training group with the control group. No significant difference was found between groups. Conclusion: This study indicates that simulation, as undertaken in this manner, does not improve clinical ability in cardiorespiratory physiotherapy. Further studies are needed to determine if more training time is required, or whether simulation must be fully integrated into the curriculum.
Pitman Estimators: An Asymptotic Variance Revisited

We provide an analytic expression for the variance of ratio of integral functionals of fractional Brownian motion which arises as an asymptotic variance of Pitman estimators for a location parameter of independent identically distributed observations. The expression is obtained in terms of derivatives of a logarithmic moment of the integral functional of limit likelihood ratio process (LLRP). In the particular case when the LLRP is a geometric Brownian motion, we show that the established expression leads to the known representation of the asymptotic variance of Pitman estimator in terms of Riemann zeta-function.
INNOCENTS ABROAD Attitude Change toward Hosts

Tourism can bring people from different cultures into contact which, based on contact theory may in turn, promote socio-cultural understanding through attitude change. However, not all interactions between tourists and hosts have a positive outcome. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of social distance, prior expectations, and trip experience on post-trip attitudes in multiple destinations. This study is based on surveys conducted with two groups of students: 1) a group participating in a summer study abroad program to the South Pacific (Australia and Fiji) or to Europe (Austria and the Netherlands), and 2) a control group who did not participate in the study abroad programs. The results show that attitude changes were positive towards Europeans, negative towards Australians, and mixed towards Fijians. This study supports the expectation value theory, but contradicts the cultural distance theory of attitude change. Further, the results show that experience with non-tourism related services played an important role toward attitude change.
Spectroscopic Abundances of Solar-Type Dwarfs in the Open Cluster M34 (NGC 1039)

Parameters and relative abundances of Fe, Ni, Ti, Cr, Ca, Si, Al, and Mg have been derived for nine M34 G and K dwarfs from high-resolution, modest signal-to-noise ratio Keck HIRES spectra. Effective temperatures have been derived spectroscopically and fall in the range 4750 K ≤ Teff ≤ 6130 K. Despite modest scatter in Fe, Ti, Cr, Ca, Al, and Mg (none of which is found to be correlated with Li scatter in M34), our two coolest stars are slightly though consistently underabundant in these elements relative to the warmer stars. The two cool stars are slightly overabundant in Si, whose abundances are derived from higher excitation lines. This and our finding that Fe II–based abundances are significantly higher than Fe I–based values in the cool stars seem to point toward the action of non-LTE effects (overionization, overexcitation, or both), though additional analysis is required to exclude inadequacies in the model atmospheres. Final mean cluster abundances are based on five warm stars, which indicate [Fe/H] = +0.07 ± 0.04, and are void of any statistically significant scatter. The other elements scale well with Fe except for Ni, which appears to be slightly underabundant with respect to Fe. Potassium abundances are derived and show a surprising marked trend with temperature, which further supports our suspicion of the presence of non-LTE effects. Moreover, similar trends with temperature suggest that the Li and K underabundances in cool M34 dwarfs are partially related; thus, some portion of the well-known Li-Teff trend in cool M34 dwarfs may be illusory.
Indexes and religion : reflections on research in the history of indexes

A search of the Hebrew manuscripts and incunabula in the Vatican Library and other large Judaica collections yielded many dictionaries and citation indexes but almost no subject indexes, although the latter are common in Latin Christian manuscripts and incunabula. Reasons for this are suggested, and the compilation of early indexes for religious purposes is discussed. General conclusions relate to the methodological and terminological difficulties of conducting research on the earliest indexes, which were compiled in languages and scripts that are little known. The original manuscripts of early indexes are scattered in libraries throughout the world. Writings on the history of indexing are not concentrated in a single discipline: Descriptions of early dictionaries, concordances, and indexes are often found in religious publications rather than the literature of library-information science. The earliest reference tools related to religion are presented in a chronological table.
Regional Distribution and Human Health Effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Zhejiang Province

Zhejiang (ZJ) is a developed province located in the southeast coast of China. In recent years, growing concern has been aroused over the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) pollution associated with electronic and electric waste (e-waste) in this province. This chapter has provided numerous and integrated information concerning POPs pollution level and human health effects in ZJ. The residue levels of major POPs, including DDT, PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PCP/PCP-Na, in the environmental media, local food and human body were relatively higher in polluted areas of intensive e-waste dismantling industry compared with control areas. POPs pollution levels and cancer incidence in both polluted areas and control areas were comparable with the national data. In vitro test and population survey provided evidence that PCBs exposure altered the expression of genes involved in nervous system- and immune system-related diseases, and the CCL22 gene could serve as an effective biomarker for PCBs exposure. Additionally, e-waste management in ZJ province was discussed. Taken together, these data suggest that POPs pollution in ZJ may be correlated to local e-waste recycling activities. In the future, more efforts should be devoted to improve the techniques for e-waste recycling and establish a sound e-waste management framework.
Response of ground‐dwelling spider assemblages (Arachnida, Araneae) to Montane Grassland management practices in South Africa

Frequent and extensive burning practices coupled with intensive grazing management are known to impact negatively on the vegetation diversity of grassland ecosystems. Few studies have investigated the impacts on spider diversity and community structure as a result of these management practices, and no studies have been conducted in high mountain grasslands on how these spider assemblages are influenced by this form of management. Here, we present the results of a study conducted in the Mpumalanga grasslands on the eastern escarpment of South Africa. Ground‐dwelling spiders were sampled in the summer season from 180 pit‐fall traps in five study sites that varied from either being burnt annually and grazed heavily, burnt biennially and conservatively grazed, to communal land with no set management practice. Variations between sites were assessed and based on spider species composition and assemblage structure. A total of 1145 individuals were collected representing 86 species from 60 genera and 43 families. Our results show that a majority of genera in these grasslands were represented by very few individuals, where a total of 37 species were represented by singletons and 17 species that were doubletons. The most abundant families were the Lycosidae (64.3%), Gnaphosidae (9.0%), Zodariidae (5.3%), Linyphiidae (4.7%) and Salticidae (3.1%). Grazing intensity and fire frequency had no measurable effect on ground‐dwelling spider abundance diversity or assemblage structure. Only when rare or single species occurrence was included, was there some form of association with sites. This study has provided for the first preliminary inventory of ground‐dwelling spiders for this habitat.
Firms ’ Differential Innovative Success and Market Dynamics On the feedbacks between innovative activities and market competition

This paper deals with innovative activities of firms, the resulting market success as well as the interdependencies between both. In a first theoretical part, different cases of those interdependencies are investigated by the way of a simple model based on replicator dynamics. It is shown that the resulting differential success (in those activities) of firms in a market leads to specific characteristic pattern of industry dynamics. The second empirical part of the paper is used to get an account of the working of replicator dynamics mechanism within German manufacturing. Doing so changes in firms ́ market shares and the relation to their respective relative technological performance and to their or innovative performance are investigated with productivity levels as a proxy for technological performance and productivity changes as proxy for innovative performance.
The Impact of Economic and Financial Factors on UK Property Performance

This paper employs a vector autoregressive model to investigate the impact of macroeconomic and financial variables on a UK real estate return series. The results indicate that unexpected inflation, and the interest rate term spread have explanatory powers for the property market. However, the most significant influence on the real estate series are the lagged values of the real estate series themselves. We conclude that identifying the factors that have determined UK property returns over the past twelve years remains a difficult task.
Routinization in the 2000s

We analyze changes in the skill content of occupations in US four-digit manufacturing industries between 1999 and 2010. Following a ‘task-based’ approach, we elaborate a measure of Non-Routine skill intensity that captures the effects of industry exposure to both technology and international trade. The paper adds to previous literature by focusing on both the determinants of demand for Non-Routine skills and their effects on industry productivity and wages. The key finding is that import competition from low-wage countries has been a strong driver of demand for Non-Routine skills during the 2000s. Both technology and imports from low-wage countries are associated with mild cross-industry convergence in skill intensity while imports from high and medium wage countries are at root of persistent heterogeneity across occupational groups. We also find that higher Non-Routine skill intensity has had at best a modest effect on productivity and wages, except for high-skill occupations.
0 Mobile Targeting Using Customer Trajectory Patterns

Rapid improvements in the precision of mobile technologies now make it possible for advertisers to go beyond real-time static location and contextual information on consumers. In this paper, we propose a novel “trajectory-based” targeting strategy for mobile recommendation that leverages detailed information on consumers’ physical-movement trajectories using fine-grained behavioral information from different mobility dimensions. To analyze the effectiveness of this new strategy, we designed a large-scale randomized field experiment in a large shopping mall that involved 83,370 unique user responses for a 14day period in June 2014. We found that trajectory-based mobile targeting can, as compared with other baselines, lead to higher redemption probability, faster redemption behavior, and higher transaction amounts. It can also facilitate higher revenues for the focal store as well as the overall shopping mall. Moreover, the effect of trajectory-based targeting comes not only from improvements in the efficiency of customers’ current shopping processes, but also from its ability to nudge customers towards changing their future shopping patterns and, thereby, generate additional revenues. Finally, we found significant heterogeneity in the impact of trajectory-based targeting. It is especially effective in influencing high-income consumers. Interestingly however, it becomes less effective in boosting the revenues of the shopping mall during the weekends and for those shoppers who like to explore across products categories. Our overall findings suggest that highly targeted mobile promotions can have the inadvertent impact of reducing impulsepurchasing behavior by customers who are in an exploratory shopping stage. On a broader note, our work can be viewed as a first step towards the study of large-scale, fine-grained digital traces of individual physical behavior and how they can be used to predict — and market according to — individuals’ anticipated future behavior. 1 Author names are in alphabetic order.
Situation Awareness Misconceptions and Misunderstandings

Situation awareness (SA) has become a widely used construct within the human factors community, the focus of considerable research over the past 25 years. This research has been used to drive the development of advanced information displays, the design of automated systems, information fusion algorithms, and new training approaches for improving SA in individuals and teams. In recent years, a number of papers criticized the Endsley model of SA on various grounds. I review those criticisms here and show them to be based on misunderstandings of the model. I also review several new models of SA, including situated SA, distributed SA, and sensemaking, in light of this discussion and show how they compare to existing models of SA in individuals and teams.
Effect of tube shelters on the growth of young Turkish pines (Pinus brutia Ten., Pinaceae)

Influence du tube de protection sur la croissance de jeunes individus de pin de Brutie (Pinus brutia Ten., Pinaceae). De jeunes individus de pins de Brutie (Pinus brutia Ten.) ont ete plantes, dans la region de Montpellier, en alternance avec et sans tube de protection. La repercussion de ce tube a ete determinee via l'etude de la croissance de l'axe principal polycyclique (plusieurs vagues d'allongement separees par une phase de repos). Ainsi, l'analyse a ete effectuee en comparant quantitativement les pousses annuelles successives et les unites de croissance d'individus de meme âge. Les arbres situes dans les tubes de protection sont de plus grande taille et de plus petit diametre. Cette plus forte croissance est le resultat d'un nombre plus eleve d'unites de croissance par pousse annuelle, de pousses annuelles et d'unites de croissance plus longues. Une analyse plus fine a permis de mettre en evidence une difference dans la croissance entre les unites de croissance de 1997 situees dans la partie basse du tube et les unites de croissance de 1998 situees dans la partie haute. D'une maniere generale, le microclimat specifique, a l'interieur du tube de protection, aurait un effet modulateur sur l'expression de la croissance du pin de Brutie.
What determines the maximum sea ice extent in the Sea of Okhotsk? Importance of ocean thermal condition from the Pacific

[1] Previous studies suggested that the interannual variability of the maximum sea ice extent (MSIE) in the Sea of Okhotsk is not explained only by atmospheric conditions. In this study, we examined the effect of the ocean thermal condition on the determination of the MSIE based on observational data. We found that the MSIE is highly correlated with the sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean temperature around the East Kamchatska Current (EKC) in the Pacific in late autumn (November–December). The significant relationship between the MSIE and the SST cannot be fully explained by prevailing atmospheric variabilities. Considering that the inflow of EKC water to the Okhotsk Sea is strengthened in winter, advection of anomalous ocean temperature likely influences the MSIE. A multiple regression model constructed as a function of SST in the EKC and the air temperature at 850 hPa over the upwind region of the Okhotsk Sea in late autumn, which is another determinant factor for the MSIE, significantly improves the prediction skill for the MSIE: 70% of the variance of MSIE can be predicted at the stage of 2 to 3 months before the MSIE season. The SST in the EKC and the upwind air temperature are likely to control the sea ice extent in the northeastern and center to southern parts of the Okhotsk Sea, respectively.
Are emoji a poor substitute for words? Sentence processing with emoji substitutions

With the integration of emoji into digital keyboards, people are increasingly using multimodal interactions between text and image in real-time interactions. One technique of using emoji is to substitute them into sentences. We here investigate the online processing of these interactions, by modulating either the grammatical category of those substitutions (Experiment 1: nouns vs. verbs) or the type and location of substitutions (Experiment 2: emoji vs. logos, within sentences vs. at their end). We found a processing cost for self-paced reading times of images compared to words, which indeed extended past the emoji itself, but no difference in comprehensibility ratings between word and congruent-image substitutions. Overall, these results suggest that, despite costs of switching modalities, text and images can be integrated into holistic multimodal expressions.
An Experimental Investigation of Leading Edge Vortices and Passage to Stall of Nonslender Delta Wings

Abstract : This paper describes an experimental investigation of the structure and decay of the leading edge vortices (LEVs) produced by a nonslender delta wing. The work was conducted in a water tunnel facility at the California Institute of Technology and was sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). Stereoscopic digital particle image velocimetry was used to obtain three-component velocity data in planar slices across the flow field above the wing leeward surface. These measurements were motivated by flow visualization through dye injection. Delta wings of 50 degree and 65 degree leading edge sweep at Reynolds numbers of 8,000 and 14,000, respectively, were studied. For both wings, stable primary LEVs were observed over the entire planform for 5 degree angle of attack and below. For the 50 degree wing, the secondary LEVs were found to decay more abruptly and at a lower angle of attack than the primary LEVs, all but disappearing by 10 degree angle of attack. This suggests a possible predictive criterion for breakdown of the primary vortices, at least at low Reynolds numbers. The entire vortex system undergoes large-scale instabilities in the 12 degree to 20 degree angle of attack range. The leading edge shear layer, however, remains in an organized rolled-up state in this angle of attack range. By 20 degrees, the flow over the leeward side of the wing is completely stalled. (14 figures, 14 refs.)
Investigating the Sensitivity of Goodness-of-Fit Indices to Detect Measurement Invariance in a Bifactor Model

A Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to evaluate the sensitivities of the likelihood ratio test and five commonly used delta goodness-of-fit (ΔGOF) indices (i.e., ΔGamma, ΔMcDonald’s, ΔCFI, ΔRMSEA, and ΔSRMR) to detect a lack of metric invariance in a bifactor model. Experimental conditions included factor loading differences, location and number of noninvariant items, and sample size. The results indicated all ΔGOF indices held Type I error to a minimum and overall had adequate power for the study. For detecting the violation of metric invariance, only ΔGamma and ΔCFI, in addition to Δχ2, are recommended to use in the bifactor model with values of −. 016 to −. 023 and −. 003 to −. 004, respectively. Moreover, in the variance component analysis, the magnitude of the factor loading differences contributed the most variation to all ΔGOF indices, whereas sample size affected Δχ2 the most.
Effectiveness of two sampling methods used for collecting Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in the Cabañeros National Park (Spain)

When estimating the species richness of a taxonomic group in a specific area, the choice of the trapping method is extremely important. In this study the effectiveness of Malaise and Moericke yellow pan traps for collecting flying Ichneumonidae was compared. Samples were collected in 5 habitats in the Cabaneros National Park: pastureland, shrubland and three types of wood- land. Two traps of each type were placed in each habitat, and samples collected over a period of one year, replacing the pots every 20 days. The study focused on eleven subfamilies of Ichneumonidae. The results showed that the composition of the Ichneumonidae in the catches of the two traps differed. Malaise traps were more effective in collecting Ichneumonidae in all habitats, but especially in the ash woodland. Moericke traps yielded the most abundant catches in open areas with a wider field of vision. The subfamily Orthocentrinae occurred more frequently in the Moericke yellow traps. The Ichneumonidae caught by both trapping methods dif- fered, especially in the relative abundance of the most common species. When compiling an inventory of species it is extremely important to use a combination of both trapping methods.
Photoionization cross sections of the 
5S1/2
 and 
5P3/2
 states of Rb in simultaneous magneto-optical trapping of Rb and Hg

We report the measurement of the photoionization cross sections of the 5S${}_{1/2}$ and 5P${}_{3/2}$ states of ${}^{87}$Rb in a two-species Hg and Rb magneto-optical trap (MOT) by the cooling laser for Hg. The photoionization cross sections of Rb in the 5S${}_{1/2}$ and 5P${}_{3/2}$ states at 253.7~nm are determined to be $1^{+4.3}_{-1}\times10^{-20}~\text{cm}^2$ and $4.63(30)\times 10^{-18}\text{cm}^2$, respectively. To measure the 5S${}_{1/2}$ and 5P${}_{3/2}$ states fractions in the MOT we detected photoionization rate of the 5P${}_{3/2}$ state by an additional 401.5~nm laser. The photoionization cross section of Rb in the 5P${}_{3/2}$ state at 401.5~nm is determined to be $\text{1.18(10)}\times10^{-17}~\text{cm}^2$.