Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How word of mouth communication varies across service encounters

Purpose – Word‐of‐mouth (WOM) communication, satisfaction and service quality are inextricably linked. However, despite much research, the shape of the satisfaction‐WOM relationship is not known. At present, three relationships are supported. This paper aims to develop and test a model of how the satisfaction‐WOM relationship varies depending on the type of service encounter, thus reconciling past conflicting findings.Design/methodology/approach – A number of service quality indicators are manipulated and a fully factorial 2×3 experiment is conducted to test the hypotheses on 281 respondents.Findings – All four hypotheses are supported; in certain types of service encounters high levels of satisfaction lead to greater WOM activity than low levels of satisfaction (positivity bias) and this relationship is reversed in a second type of service encounter (negativity bias). Research limitations/implications – This research shows that relationships between constructs are highly context dependent and can change d.
Expression of Slug Is Regulated by c-Myb and Is Required for Invasion and Bone Marrow Homing of Cancer Cells of Different Origin*

In metastatic cancer cells, the process of invasion is regulated by several transcription factors that induce changes required for migration and resistance to apoptosis. Slug (SNAI2, Snail2) is involved in epithelial mesenchymal transition in physiological and in pathological contexts. We show here that in embryonic kidney, colon carcinoma, chronic myeloid leukemia-blast crisis, and in neuroblastoma cells, expression of Slug is transcriptionally regulated by c-Myb via Myb binding sites in the 5′-flanking region and in the first intron of the slug gene. In embryonic kidney and neuroblastoma cells, c-Myb induced vimentin, fibronectin, and N-cadherin expression and membrane ruffling via actin polymerization consistent with the acquisition of a mesenchymal-like phenotype. Furthermore, down-regulation of endogenous c-Myb levels in colon carcinoma cells led to increased expression of E-cadherin and reduced levels of vimentin. Some of these changes are predominantly Slug-dependent as Slug silencing via RNA interference (RNAi) reverts the cells to a quasi-parental condition. Changes in gene expression and morphology induced by c-Myb-activated Slug correlated with increased ability to migrate (embryonic kidney) and to invade through a Matrigel membrane (embryonic kidney, colon carcinoma, neuroblastoma). c-Myb-dependent Slug expression was also essential for the homing of chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells to the bone marrow. In summary, we show here that the proto-oncogene c-Myb controls Slug transcription in tumor cells of different origin. Such a regulatory pathway contributes to the acquisition of invasive properties that are important for the metastatic process.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, INDEPENDENSI, PENGALAMAN KERJA, KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT APARAT INSPEKTORAT DALAM PENGAWASAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DAN REWARD SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

Abstract As an internal watchdog, Inspector auditors working in the government organization that the main task is to determine whether the policies and procedures established by top management (Regional Head) has been complied and went according to plan, determine whether or not the maintenance of the property, determine the efficiency and effectiveness of the procedure and government activities, in addition to the auditor is also required to have more skill in his duty to audit the quality of the resulting more perfect. This study examines all auditors who work in agencies in each district as Jambi province. With the number of samples taken are 168 people. By adding the expected reward as a moderating able to motivate the auditor to audit more produce good quality. Keywords: Competence, Independence, Work Experience, Task Complexity, Reward, Quality Audit
Intervention in systemic banking crises

Systemic banking crises often continue into recessions with large output losses. Governments and central banks intervene to preserve the key functions of the financial system and to mitigate the adverse impact of financial distress on economic growth. This thesis investigates how effective intervention measures are. Do they reduce the duration of recessions? And more specifically, what are the effects of bank recapitalizations? In addition, it analyzes the determinants of forbearance, a practice of extending or renewing loans to borrowers in distress, typical for banking crises. Finally, it evaluates the robustness of stress tests and other measures of bank vulnerability.
A Mobile Banking Adoption Model in the Jordanian Market: An Integration of TAM with Perceived Risks and Perceived Benefits

Although consumer perceptions of the risks of adopting e-banking have been studied by many researchers, the perceived risk variable has only been examined as a single construct, which fails to reveal the actual attributes of perceived risk and clarify why consumers refuse to use such banking services. In order to provide a more comprehensive clarification of the perceived risks of adopting m-banking in Jordan, a more in-depth study of the characteristics of the perceived risks was conducted. The current research is designed to integrate the five dimensions of the perceived risk with the TAM in order to present a more comprehensive model of m-banking acceptance and adoption in Jordan. As such, a conceptual model and 8 hypotheses are tested with a sample of 404 mobile phone users, and analysed quantitatively. The findings of the current study provided support for the research model and for most of the hypotheses regarding the relationship among the model’s variables. In particular, the research model presented in this paper is unique in that it synergistically combines the TAM variables along with perceived benefits, the various dimensions of perceived risks, attitude and behavioral intention in evaluating the decision to adopt m-Banking.
Differences in Competency Management – Comparative Analysis between Polish, Spanish, and Austrian Business Practices

Abstract The main goal of the article is to present some differences in the practice of competency management, perceived as a part of human resources management, that were identified in the empirical research conducted in three countries, that is Poland, Spain, and Austria. Our research is placed within cross-cultural HRM and comparative HRM, that together with corporate-international HRM make three theoretical and research streams within international human resources management (IHRM). This is because on one side, the analysis of the research data covers comparison of competency management systems and practices both at the organizational and national level in different countries, but on the other side, we make an attempt to discuss the possible influence of national culture on identified differences.
Telecommunications 2004: Strategy, HR Practices & Performance - Cornell-Rutgers Telecommunications Project

This national benchmarking report of the U.S. telecommunications services industry traces the tumultuous changes in management and workforce practices and performance in the sector over the last 5 years. This is a follow-up report to our 1998 study. At that time, when the industry was booming, we conducted a national survey of establishments in the industry. In 2003, we returned to do a second national survey of the industry, this time in a sector that was recovering from one of the worst recessions in its history.
Sell-Side Analysts’ Responses to Mutual Fund Trading Pressure

This paper illustrates the unique role of sell-side analysts in improving market efficiency by examining their responses to mutual fund flow-driven mispricing. We find that a select group of analysts persistently issue price-correcting recommendation changes for stocks subject to flow-driven mispricing while making little change to their concurrent earnings forecasts for the underlying firms, suggesting that their recommendation changes are driven by stock mispricing rather than cash flow-related information. The responses of mispricing-sensitive analysts appear to be skill related as they also tend to make superior stock recommendations and earnings forecasts in the past. Furthermore, fire-sale stocks upgraded and fire-purchase stocks downgraded by mispricing-sensitive analysts experience less liquidity deterioration and greater price correction immediately following analyst recommendation changes. Correspondingly, they exhibit smaller return reversals in the long run. Our findings suggest that mispricing-sensitive analysts play an important role in stabilizing the financial market.
C-reactive protein as a marker in canine granulocytic anaplasmosis

CANINE granulocytic anaplasmosis (CGA) is difficult to diagnose. The diagnosis is usually based on a history of a tick infestation, a blood transfusion, or both, in addition to clinical signs or haematological findings, a positive PCR test result, detection of morulae in neutrophils, or a fourfold
The usefulness of disclosing both direct and indirect cash flows: An empirical study

In the field of cash flow disclosures, there is a contradiction between standard setters' position and academic literature on the one side, and accounting practice on the other. Standard setters often argue that by decomposing operating cash flow (OCF) into cash receipts and cash payments, the direct method provides a better prediction on the future OCF. Several academic studies support this view. However, in accounting practice, the predominant method is the indirect one that decomposes the current OCF into potential cash flow (funds from operations) and short-term accruals.In this study we investigate the ability of these two decompositions of OCF to predict one year ahead OCF. Chinese accounting regulation offers a unique dataset since listed firms must disclose both the direct and indirect components of OCF since 1998. With a sample of over 1,000 Chinese listed firms on a 7-year period (1998-2004), we find that the indirect method offers a better prediction of future OCF than the direct method in general. Nevertheless, we show that the predictive ability of each method depends on the stability of firm's business, proxied by the growth variability. The indirect method has a significantly greater predictive ability than the direct one when the business of the firm is volatile. When the business is stable, there is no predominant method. We conclude that, by requiring the disclosure of both decompositions, accounting regulators help investors to better assess the future performance of the firm.
Colocalization of calbindin D‐28k, calretinin, and GABA immunoreactivities in neurons of the human temporal cortex

The calcium‐binding proteins calbindin D‐28k (CalB) and calretinin (CalR) have been shown to be useful markers of neuronal subpopulations located mainly in layers II–III of the neocortex of a variety of species, including human. Double labeling immunocytochemical studies of CalB, CalR, and GABA in experimental animals have shown that CalB and CalR are present in separate subpopulations of neurons. However, there are no studies of colocalization of these calcium‐binding proteins and GABA in the human neocortex. The principal goal of the present work was to investigate the degree of colocalization of these substances in layers II–III of the human temporal neocortex, using a postembedding immunocytochemical method. The patterns of staining for CalB, CalR, and GABA in the human cortex were similar to those found in monkey neocortex. However, the degree of colocalization for certain combinations was different from that reported in the monkey and other experimental animals. A relatively large proportion of CalB‐ and CalR‐immunoreactive cells (approximately 71% and 74%, respectively) were found to be immunoreactive for GABA. However, the degree of colocalization of CalB with CalR was low (between 4% and 6%). Thus, our quantitative and qualitative data suggest that these calcium‐binding proteins are present in similar cortical circuits in all primates, but that in the human neocortex, there might be additional GABAergic and perhaps also non‐GABAergic interneurons with unique chemical characteristics. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Barriers to innovation in continuing medical education

Introduction: Criteria for maintenance of certification (MOC) emphasize the importance of competencies such as communication, professionalism, systems‐based care, and practice performance in addition to medical knowledge. Success of this new competency paradigm is dependent on physicians' willingness to engage in activities that focus on less traditional competencies. We undertook this analysis to determine whether physicians' preferences for CME are barriers to participation in innovative programs. Methods: A geographically stratified, random sample of 755 licensed, practicing physicians in the state of Oregon were surveyed regarding their preferences for type of CME offering and instructional method and plans to recertify. Results: Three hundred seventy‐six of 755 surveys were returned for ±5% margin of error at 95% confidence level; 91% of respondents were board certified. Traditional types of CME offerings and instructional methods were preferred by the majority of physicians. Academic physicians were less likely than clinical physicians to prefer nontraditional types of CME offerings and instructional methods. Multiple regression analyses did not reveal any significant differences based on demography, practice location, or physician practice type. Discussion: Physicians who participate in CME select educational opportunities that appeal to them. There is little attraction to competency‐based educational activities despite their requirement for MOC. The apparent disparity between the instructional methods a learner prefers and those that are the most effective in changing physician behavior may represent a barrier to participating in more innovative CME offerings and instructional methods. These findings are important for medical educators and CME program planners developing programs that integrate studied and effective educational methods into CME programs that are attractive to physicians.
Insulin promotes functional induction of silent synapses in differentiating rat neocortical neurons

Long‐term synaptic plasticity is thought to underlie synaptic reorganization phenomena that occur during neocortical development. Recently, it has been proposed, that the functional induction of AMPA receptors at silent glutamatergic synapses is of major importance in activity‐dependent, developmental plasticity. To investigate the mechanisms involved in the developmental regulation of silent synapses, we analysed the functional maturation of the thalamocortical projection in culture. A large proportion of the thalamocortical synapses were functionally silent at an early stage in vitro. During further differentiation, the incidence of silent synapses decreased drastically, indicating a conversion of silent into functional synapses. Chronic blockade of spontaneous network activity by addition of tetrodotoxin to the culture medium strongly impaired this developmental maturation. Moreover, the developmental decline in the proportion of silent synapses was dramatically accelerated by chronic addition of the neurotrophic factor, insulin. This effect of insulin was partly dependent on spontaneous activity. Thus, insulin appears to be involved in the modulation of long‐term developmental plasticity at immature glutamatergic synapses.
Crowding-Out Effect of Subsidized Childcare

We estimate the causal effects of childcare availability on the maternal employment rate using prefecture panel data constructed from the Japanese quinquennial census 1990-2010. We find that childcare availability did not increase maternal employment, because the expansion of accredited childcare crowded out informal childcare provided by grandparents. However, as more and more families do not live with grandparents who used to take care of grandchildren, this crowding effect became weaker in the 2000's.
ANTIBODY FORMATION IN VOLUNTEERS FOLLOWING INJECTION OF PNEUMOCOCCI OR THEIR TYPE-SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDES

1. A modification of the microanalytical quantitative precipitin method, five to ten times as sensitive as the older procedure, has been used to measure the type-specific antibody response in human beings. Injections of type-specific pneumococci or equivalent amounts of their type-specific polysaccharides led to comparable antibody production. In general, the few hundredths of a milligram of polysaccharides injected functioned as extraordinarily powerful antigens. 2. Subcutaneous injections of the polysaccharides were as effective as intracutaneous, and the resulting antibody levels, which were highly variable individually, remained relatively constant for 5 to 8 months, gradually tapering off during periods of observation that exceeded 2 years in some instances. 3. After the injection of several type-specific polysaccharides widely diverse combinations of selective and non-selective responses were observed. 4. Booster doses had little or no effect in increasing circulating antibody, even after 2 years. A tentative explanation is given of this unexpected result. 5. Possibly because they frequently harbor pneumococci, normal human beings appear to be in serological equilibrium with the C-antigen of pneumococcus, since in most instances the quite appreciable anti-C content of their sera remained relatively constant during periods of a year or longer. Many of the sera also contained antibody to S VII.
Expression of Substance P and Its Neurokinin-1 Receptor on Thymocytes: Functional Relevance in the Regulation of Thymocyte Apoptosis and Proliferation

Herein, we provide evidence of the expression and function of substance P (SP) and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) in the rat thymus. In situ hybridization evidenced NK-1R mRNA mainly in the thymic medulla, and Northern blot analysis of mRNA from FACS-sorted thymocytes identified NK-1R on CD4+, CD8+ and double-positive subpopulations. With flow cytometry, it could be seen that NK-1R was expressed on the majority of CD5+ thymocytes, and it was identified by Western blot analysis as two bands migrating at 44 and 54 kD. SP administration rescues thymocytes from spontaneous and NK-1R antagonist (SR140333)-induced apoptosis and stimulates concanavalin A (ConA)-induced thymocyte proliferation, CD25 expression and IL-2 production, whereas SR140333 exerts inhibitory effects on these functions. We also demonstrated the expression of mRNA for the SP precursor preprotachykinin-A in the thymic medulla and purified CD5+ thymocytes. SP protein was detected on 40% of CD5+ thymocytes and identified as a band of 1.3 kD by Western blot analysis. Finally, thymocytes spontaneously released SP, which was increased upon ConA or CD3 stimulation.
Estimated risk of a first stroke and conditioning factors in Spanish hypertensive women. The RIMHA study

Stroke is the leading cause of mortality in women in Spain. RIMHA is a cross‐sectional multicenter study in hypertensive women aged 55 or more in primary care to estimate the 10‐year risk for a first stroke. Clinical history, cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, electrocardiogram, blood samples and blood pressure (BP) were recorded. Stroke and coronary risk were estimated using the appropriate Framingham scales; 12 875 patients were included (mean age 68.0±8.5 years, 29.1% with diabetes, 19.7% with cardiovascular disease). Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was present in 19.2%. BP was controlled in 42.9% of non‐diabetic (BP<140/90 mmHg) and 9.7% of diabetic patients (BP<130/80 mmHg). The 10‐year risk (±SD) for a first stroke was estimated as 15.8±16.3%, and the coronary risk as 12.0±6.3. In the multivariate analysis, the most contributing factors for stroke risk estimation were age, systolic BP, LVH and atrial fibrillation. In conclusion, the 10‐year estimated stroke risk for Spanish hypertensive women aged 55 years or more was higher than the estimated coronary risk, in accordance with the high rates of morbidity and mortality due to stroke among women in Spain. The most powerfull risk factors were older age, poor BP control, LVH and atrial fibrillation.
Understanding the Link Between Childhood Maltreatment and Violent Delinquency: What Do Schools Have to Add?

Child maltreatment constitutes significant risk for adolescent delinquency. Although an ecological model has been proposed to explain this relationship, most studies focus on individual risk factors. Prospective data from 1,788 students attending 23 schools were used to examine the additive influence of childhood maltreatment, individual-level risk factors, and school-level variables assessed at the beginning of Grade 9 on delinquency 4 to 6 months later. Individual-level results indicated that being male, experiencing childhood maltreatment, and poor parental nurturing were predictors of violent delinquency. School climate also played a significant role: Given the same individual risk profile, a student attending a school that was perceived by students as safe was less likely to engage in violent delinquency than was a student attending a school perceived to be unsafe. Moreover, the impact of childhood maltreatment on risk for engaging in violent delinquency was somewhat mitigated by schools' participation in a comprehensive violence prevention program.
Foreign Direct Investment, Sovereign Debt and Growth: Evidence for the Euro Area

In light of the global financial crisis, an extensive implementation of fiscal stimulus packages has triggered an enormous soared of public debt in Europe. While grappling with this albatross, the high debt level has aroused the paramount interest of this study casts doubt on the role of sovereign debt towards the linkage between FDI and economic growth. To this end, this study aims to assess the effects of debt on growth through the channel of FDI in European countries by applying Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation. The empirical findings, by and large, suggest that a lower growth performance is evident with the association of high government debt through foreign investment. In a nutshell, over borrowing of public finance would crowd out private investment and hence stifle economic growth.
The International Monetary System After the Financial Crisis

The main strength of today’s international monetary system – its flexibility and adaptability to the different needs of its users – can also become its weakness, as it may contribute to unsustainable growth models and imbalances. The global financial crisis has shown that the system cannot afford a benign neglect of the global public good of external stability, and that multilateral institutions and fora such as the IMF and the G20 need to take the initiative to set incentives for systemically important economies to address real and financial imbalances which impair stability. We draw this core conclusion from a systematic review of the literature on the current international monetary system, in particular its functioning and vulnerabilities prior to the global financial crisis. Drawing from this analysis, we assess the existing and potential avenues, driven partly by policy initiatives and partly by market forces, through which the system may be improved. JEL Classification: C21, C51, G15, G21, G28
How brand gives employees meaning: Towards an extended view of brand equity

Brand is a corporate equity often examined today from the marketing and financial points of view. The present research tries to show that brand value can also be seen in terms of the added meaning it gives employees. Based on a case study of four organizations, we show that brand creates a triad of qualities – signification, direction and sensation – for employees, distinct from those that consumers feel and understand. Accordingly, we revisit the concept of brand equity from the employee point of view, or Employee-Based Brand Equity (EBBE).