Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
tochemistry using monoclonal antibodies with galectin-1 and galectin-3, and a polyclonal antibody with galectin-7

Copyright © 2012 by Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Marc Vander Ghinst, MD Myriam Remmelink, MD Anne-Laure Mansbach, MD Sergio Hassid, MD Georges Choufani, MD Vol. 5, No. 2: 62-67, June 2012 http://dx.doi. org/10.3342/ceo.2012. 5.2. 62
Anti-ulcer activity of Bombax buonopozense P . Beauv . aqueous leaf extract

Article history: Received on: 11/01/2013 Revised on: 29/01/2013 Accepted on: 19/02/2013 Available online: 28/02/2013 The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-ulcer activity of leaves of Bombax buonopozense P. Beauv. (Bombacaceae) in rats. Fresh dried leaves of B.buonopozense were extracted by cold maceration which yielded a mucilaginuous aqueous extract. Anti-ulcer effects of the aqueous extract at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were evaluated in rats using ethanol-induced ulcer model. Phytochemical analysis and lethality tests (LD50) were carried out using standard procedures. Results showed that the aqueous extract exhibited significant (P<0.05) and dosedependent anti-ulcer activity in the model used. Percentage ulcer inhibitions of extract at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for ethanol-induced ulcers were 39.76, 62.07 and 75.73% respectively. Ulcer protection in the model used by the extract is dose-dependent and the ulcer inhibitory effects of the extract are comparable to ranitidine. Oral LD50 value is 2828.42 mg/kg in mice. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, resins, balsams, carbohydrates, oligosaccharides, terpenes, reducing sugars and sterols. Therefore, results of our study suggest that the aqueous extract of B. buonopozense possesses anti-ulcer activity as claimed by its folkloric use.
Is use of the human papillomavirus vaccine among female college students related to human papillomavirus knowledge and risk perception?

Background Few studies have examined factors associated with the actual use of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine since licensure in 2006. The aims of this study were to assess HPV vaccination rates and to examine whether knowledge and risk perceptions regarding HPV were associated with the reported use of the HPV vaccine among female college students. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, 406 women aged 18–26 years were recruited at two public universities and completed a self-administered survey. Respondents who reported having received at least one dose of HPV vaccine were classified as ‘vaccinated’ (n=177, 43.6%). Responses, stratified by the receipt of HPV vaccine, were compared using descriptive statistics and multivariate models. Results Based on multivariate logistic regression modelling, 18-year-old women were approximately four times more likely to report use of the HPV vaccine compared with respondents aged 19–26 years. Respondents who correctly indicated that HPV caused genital warts were 1.85 times more likely (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.85, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.93) to have received at least one HPV vaccine. African American and Asian women were each less likely to be vaccinated compared with white women. Risk perception was not significantly associated with vaccine uptake, however, the majority of respondents failed accurately to recognise their high risk of both acquiring and transmitting HPV. Conclusions These findings suggest knowledge deficits and misperceptions about HPV risk as potential themes for educational campaigns encouraging the greater use of the preventive HPV vaccine among this subgroup.
Detection and identification of four vegetable fruit viruses in west and northwest of Iran

Field surveys were conducted to detect the incidence of viruses in major vegetable fruit growing areas in west and northwest of Iran. A total of 100 leaf samples from various vegetable fruit crops were analyzed for Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) by RT-PCR using specific primers for each virus. Among the collected samples, the highest incidence was for CMV (46%), followed by ZYMV (35%), WMV (26%) and CGMMV (8%). Overall, 63.3%, 50%, 40%, 90%, 75% and 80% of green bean, cucumber, eggplant, squash, tomato and watermelon samples, respectively, were positive for at least one virus. CMV, ZYMV and WMV were identified in most regions, whereas CGMMV was found only in East Azerbaijan province. Mixed infections of two and three viruses in various combinations were detected in 30 and 8 samples, respectively. Restriction analysis with MspI (HpaII) on 13 PCR products of CMV coat protein revealed a previously described CMV subgroup I (S-I) specific profile (537 and 335 bp fragments) for the isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of WMV and ZYMV from watermelon, tomato, eggplant and green bean in the West and Northwest regions of Iran and first report of ZYMV infecting green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Iran.
CFTR‐dependent chloride efflux in cystic fibrosis mononuclear cells is increased by ivacaftor therapy

The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) potentiator ivacaftor (Kalydeco®) improves clinical outcome in G551D cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Here, we have investigated whether ivacaftor has a clinical impact on non‐G551D gating mutations and function of circulating leukocytes as well.
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Hodgkin's disease in a multi‐ethnic population in Malaysia

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated as a contributing factor in the development of Hodgkin's disease. Western cases of Hodgkin's disease have shown the presence of EBV in Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells in approximately 50%. We studied a total of 100 consecutive cases of Hodgkin's disease from Malaysia, with the aim to elucidate its association with EBV in a multi‐ethnic Asian population. Of 34 patients (34%) less than 15 years of age (childhood), 25 had classical Hodgkin's disease (eight nodular sclerosis, 16 mixed cellularity, one lymphocyte depleted) and nine had lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease. Of the 66 from patients aged 15 years and above, 33 had nodular sclerosis, 24 mixed cellularity, two lymphocyte depleted, one unclassifiable and six lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease. The ethnic distribution of classical Hodgkin's disease was: Malay 23, Chinese 32 and Indian 30 (Malay:Chinese:Indian = 1:1.4:1.3), and the ethnic distribution in the 15 cases of lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease was: Malay four, Chinese 10 and Indian one. Taking into account the ethnic distribution of the general population and of hospital admissions, there appears to be a significant predilection of classical Hodgkin's disease cases in ethnic Indian compared to non‐Indian patients (chi‐squared test, 0.025 > P > 0.01). Eighty‐one cases were tested for the presence of EBV by in situ hybridization for EBV encoded RNA, and 57 cases by immunostaining for EBV latent membrane protein 1. In the younger age group, all except one of the 15 cases (nine mixed cellularity, six nodular sclerosis) showed the presence of EBV (93%). In the older age group, EBV was detected (52%) in the following proportion: 6/27 nodular sclerosis, 19/22 mixed cellularity, 1/2 lymphocyte depleted, 1/1 unclassifiable. None of the 14 cases of lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease showed the presence of EBV in the Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells. The findings suggest a strong association of EBV with Hodgkin's disease in Malaysians (41/67, 61%), in particular childhood cases (93%). In adults, the association with EBV is significantly higher in the mixed cellularity subtype (86%) compared with the nodular sclerosis subtype (22%).
Measurements of NO generated by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet ( APPJ ) by absorption and emission spectroscopy

The production of the NO radical by an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ) has been investigated by means of absorption spectroscopy in the mid infrared region (IR) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in the ultra violet (UV) part of the spectrum. The APPJ under study operates in argon with air admixtures up to 1%. Simultaneous application of the supplementary diagnostic techniques shows that air admixture can be used to control the production of NO radicals. OES can be used to characterise the relative NO production at small air admixtures. In addition it is shown that a small addition of water vapour strongly effects on the production of NO radicals especially at higher air admixtures (more than 0.2%).
Genetic and acoustic population structuring in the Okinawa least horseshoe bat: are intercolony acoustic differences maintained by vertical maternal transmission?

The origin and meaning of echolocation call frequency variation within rhinolophid bats is not well understood despite an increasing number of allopatric and sympatric examples being documented. A bimodal distribution of mean regional call frequency within the Okinawa‐jima Island population of Rhinolophus cornutus pumilus (Rhinolophidae) provided a unique opportunity to investigate geographic call frequency variation early in its development. Individual resting echolocation frequencies, partial mitochondrial DNA D‐loop sequences and genotypes from six microsatellite loci were obtained from 288 individuals in 11 colonies across the entire length of the island, and nearby Kume‐jima Island. Acoustic differences (5–8 kHz) observed between the north and south regions have been maintained despite evidence of sufficient nuclear gene flow across the middle of the island. Significant subdivision of maternally inherited D‐loop haplotypes suggested a limitation of movement of females between regions, but not within the regions, and was evidence of female philopatry. These results support a ‘maternal transmission’ hypothesis whereby the difference in the constant frequency (CF) component between the regions is maintained by mother–offspring transmission of CF, the restricted dispersal of females between regions and small effective population size. We suggest that the mean 5–8 kHz call frequency difference between the regions might develop through random cultural drift.
Diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis

To cite this article: Esposito S, Marchisio P, Tenconi R, Tagliaferri L, Albertario G, Patria MF, Principi N. Diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2012: 23 (Suppl. 22): 17–19.
The Production and Characterisation of Trichotoxin Peptaibols, by Trichoderma asperellum

Trichoderma spp. are regularly found as a constituent of the mycoflora of many soils and are noted for their antagonistic activity against bacteria and other fungi. This latter property is the basis for the widespread interest in their use in the biological control of soil‐borne fungal plant pathogens. This antagonism is partly based on their ability to produce an impressive inventory of secondary metabolites. An important group of bioactive metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp. are the non‐ribosomal peptides (NRPs), especially the peptaibols. A virulent antagonistic strain, T. asperellum, which had been used in biological control strategies in Malaysia and previously examined for mycolytic enzyme production, has been studied for its potential for peptaibol production. The present research demonstrated the ability of T. asperellum to produce at least two metabolites which were identified as acid trichotoxin 1704E (Ac‐Aib‐Gly‐Aib‐Leu‐Aib‐Gln‐Aib‐Aib‐Aib‐Ala‐Ala‐Aib‐Pro‐Leu‐Aib‐Iva‐Glu‐Vol) and neutral trichotoxin 1717A (Ac‐Aib‐Gly‐Aib‐Leu‐Aib‐Gln‐Aib‐Aib‐Aib‐Ala‐Aib‐Aib‐Pro‐Leu‐Aib‐Iva‐Gln‐Vol). Addition of free Aib to the culture medium enhanced the production of trichotoxins. Biological activity of these substances was investigated against Bacillus stearothermophilus. The general characteristics of peptaibols, also found in the trichotoxins, include the presence of high proportions of the uncommon amino acid Aib, the protection of the N‐ and C‐termini by an acetyl group and reduction of the C‐terminus to 2‐amino alcohols, respectively, amphipathy and microheterogeneity.
In Vitro Activity of Thiamphenicol Against Multiresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus in Italy

Abstract Thiamphenicol is a derivative of chloramphenicol characterized by a spectrum comparable to that of the parent compound against multiresistant pathogens but showing satisfactory tolerability. The In Vitro activity of thiamphenicol and of 11 comparative drugs against 397 recently isolated antibiotic-resistant and/or invasive pneumococci and 52 multiply-resistant MRSA including 2 VISA strains was determined. Bactericidal activity against Haemophilus influenzae and the post-antibiotic effect on Streptococcus pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were also assessed. Against invasive pneumococci, thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol were the most potent non-β-lactam molecules together with vancomycin and rifampin. Against high-level penicillin-resistant strains phenicol activities were superior to those of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and imipenem. Against MRSA thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol were second only to the glycopetides and also inhibited the VISA strains. Thiamphenicol showed a significant PAE (0.33 to 2.9h) on all pathogens studied and a powerful bactericidal effect against β-lactamase-positive and -negative H. influenzae. These results indicate a good In Vitro activity of thiamphenicol against difficult-to-treat multiply resistant pathogens.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERING WITH OZONATED WATER ON RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND BAKING QUALITY OF SUDANESE WHEAT FLOUR

This Study was carried out on the effect of ozonated tempering on rheological properties and baking quality of two Sudanese wheat cultivars as well as to investigate its impact on the mold and yeast contamination. Two local cultivars: Debaira and Elneelain were treated with two doses of ozone (1.0 and 5.0 ppm). Rheological properties and total mold and yeast count were carried out for the two wheat cultivars. Baking quality and sensory evaluation were carried out for bread (loaf) made from the two cultivars ozonated and non-ozonated. Results indicated significant difference in the flour and bread quality of the two varieties. Both cultivars Debaira and Elneelainwere low in water absorption (62.7 and 58.8%), specific loaf volume (3.83 and 3.13 cm/g) and extensibility (147 and150 min), respectively. Treatment of ozonated tempering of the two wheat cultivars decreased alpha amylase activity, specific loaf volume and resistance in Debaira cultivar, while it increased these in Elneelain cultivar; however, the water absorption and degree of softening values for both cultivars decreased. The results from microbiological investigation showed that ozone treatment at 5 ppm were effective against mold, yeast an A. flavus de-contamination. Generally, Debaira cultivar had better bread making qualities attributes than Elneelain cultivar.
VIP/PACAP preferentially attract Th2 effectors through differential regulation of chemokine production by dendritic cells

The neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the structurally related pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) are potent immunomodulatory agents, acting as general anti‐inflammatory factors. VIP, produced and secreted by Th2 cells following antigen stimulation, participates in a Th2 autoregulatory loop, promoting Th2‐type responses through several nonexcluding mechanisms. VIP and PACAP affect the differentiation of CD4+ T cells directly and indirectly through antigen‐presenting cells and promote the proliferation and/or survival of the Th2 effectors. Th1 and Th2 effectors express different chemokine receptors that control migration in response to various chemokines. In this study, we investigated the effects of VIP/PACAP on the production of CXCL10 (a Th1 chemokine) and of CCL22 (a Th2 chemokine) by bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells. We found that VIP and PACAP inhibit CXCL10, while promoting CCL22 production, and that the effects are mediated through the VPAC1 receptor and involve cAMP/PKA as intracellular messengers. The induction of CCL22 and the suppression of CXCL10 in VIP/PACAP‐treated dendritic cells results in the preferential chemoattraction of Th2 effectors both in vivo and in vitro. This is in agreement with the general Th2 bias induced by the two neuropeptides and adds an important parameter to their immunomodulatory function. By promoting Th2 migration, and preventing or reducing Th1 infiltration in inflammatory foci and sites of antigen presentation, VIP and PACAP help in resolving acute inflammatory processes and contribute to the prevention of chronic inflammation.
Bare-Tether Sheath and Current: Comparison of Asymptotic Theory and Kinetic Simulations in Stationary Plasma

Analytical expressions for current to a cylindrical Langmuir probe at rest in unmagnetized plasma are compared with results from both steady-state Vlasov and particle-in-cell simulations. Probe bias potentials that are much greater than plasma temperature (assumed equal for ions and electrons), as of interest for bare conductive tethers, are considered. At a very high bias, both the electric potential and the attracted-species density exhibit complex radial profiles; in particular, the density exhibits a minimum well within the plasma sheath and a maximum closer to the probe. Excellent agreement is found between analytical and numerical results for values of the probe radius R close to the maximum radius Rmax for orbital-motion-limited (OML) collection at a particular bias in the following number of profile features: the values and positions of density minimum and maximum, position of sheath boundary, and value of a radius characterizing the no-space-charge behavior of a potential near the high-bias probe. Good agreement between the theory and simulations is also found for parametric laws jointly covering the following three characteristic R ranges: sheath radius versus probe radius and bias for R Lt Rmax; density minimum versus probe bias for R cong Rmax; and (weakly bias-dependent) current drop below the OML value versus the probe radius for R > R.
The implication of the hyperbolic discount model for the annuitisation decisions

Abstract The low demand for immediate annuities at retirement has been a long-standing puzzle. We show that a hyperbolic discount model can explain this behaviour and results in the attractiveness of long-term deferred annuities. With a set of benchmark assumptions, we find that retirees would be willing to pay a much higher price than the actuarial fair price for annuities with longer deferred periods. Moreover, if governments were to introduce a pre-commitment device which requires pensioners to make annuitisation decisions around 10 years before retirement, the take up rate of annuities could become higher.
THE EFFECT OF USING ANIMATION FILM TO THE STUDENT ’ S WRITING SKILL OF THE EIGHTH GRADE AT SMP ISLAM ULUL ALBAB IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2017 / 2018

Writing is a creative activity that students should be able to create a product. Because, when students learn to write, in the same time, they also need to do some activities such as reading, thinking, experimenting during their writing process. Hence, in order to help their writing process to write, English teacher needs to equip themselves with various teaching techniques to gain the goal of learning English. In this term, using animation film as one of the media can be an appropriate way in teaching writing. This research are to describe the effect of using animation film to the student’s writing skill related to the object of the research. This research was held in three meetings involved pre-test, first treatment, second treatment, and post-test. The writer used the form of essay test writing narrative text as the instrument to collect the data. To analyze the data, the writer applied the rubric of writing and using t-test to know the result of the research.The research was conducted at at the eighth grade of SMP Islam Ulul Albab in academic year 2017/2018. Animation film media can help students have better writing skill in the term of content, organization, structure, vocabulary, and presentation. It means that there is an effect of animation film in teaching writing skill. Finally, it is suggested that English teacher should apply animation film media to teach writing skill. The result of the research showed that using animation film is effect in writing skill. It can be proved by the result of pre-test and post-test score of the students. The stastitical data in the research showed that the mean score of pretest was 71.57 and post-test was 81.31. By using t-test, it was found that the t-score (6.481) > t-table 5% (1.734) or 1% (2.452). Therefore, the Null Hypothesis (H0) was rejected and the Alternative Hypothesis was accepted. It can be concluded that animation film give significant effect on the student’s writing skill.
Knee loading patterns in a simulated netball landing task

Abstract The knee is a common site of injury in netball players. In this study, 10 high-performance netball players underwent a biomechanical assessment of their single leg landing technique whilst receiving a pass. Three-dimensional video and ground reaction force data were recorded using a motion analysis system. Net internal knee joint moments were calculated using a rigid body analysis and inverse dynamics. The kinematics of the support leg and front-on video footage was used to investigate whether players adhered to guidelines on safe and effective landing strategies. Results indicated that for most players the internal valgus moment was the largest frontal plane knee moment during the landing phase. This may reflect a relatively greater need to resist varus knee excursion or may be related to the kinematics of the hip. For 6 of the 10 players the rapid change to an internal knee valgus moment coincided with hip adduction. Since an increase in the magnitude of the internal valgus moment may increase the compressive forces in the medial compartment of the knee, further work should be undertaken to determine if a neuromuscular training intervention to improve the strength of the hip musculature may be beneficial for these players. A large relative excursion of the knee compared to the hip may indicate that these players had a greater reliance on the more distal segments of the lower extremity for the attenuation of the ground reaction forces. This information may be used to better understand potential knee injury mechanisms in netball players.
Variability in Io's Volcanism on Timescales of Periodic Orbital Changes

The widespread volcanism on the Jovian moon Io is powered by tidal heating, yet we lack a deep understanding of how this distinctive heating process affects the locations, timing, or intensities of Io's eruptions. We show that the quasiperiodic behavior of the volcano Loki Patera in 1987–2018 matches the timescales for the evolution of Io's eccentricity and semimajor axis (~480 and ~460 days). If this orbital forcing is driving Loki Patera's variability, a low‐pass geophysical filter such as poroelastic flow, or a resonant amplification of Io's wobble, could account for the importance of these long‐period orbital variations despite their small amplitudes. The peak volcanic response is predicted to roughly coincide with Io's maximum eccentricity, consistent with the observations. High‐cadence observations over the next several years have the potential to conclusively discriminate between orbital versus geophysical control of Loki Patera's variability.