Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the size-dependent elasticity of silicon nanocantilevers: impact of defects

Recent measurements have indicated that the elastic behaviour of silicon nanocantilevers and nanowires is size-dependent. Several theoretical models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, mainly focused on surface stress effects. However, discrepancies are found between experiments and theories, indicating that there could be other influences in addition to surface effects. One of the important issues, which was experimentally confirmed and has not been considered, is accounting for the fact that experimentally tested nanocantilevers and nanowires are not defect free. In this paper molecular dynamics (MD) is utilized to study the effects of defects on the elasticity of silicon. The effective Young's modulus of [1 0 0] and [1 1 0] oriented silicon nanoplates is extracted in the presence of defects, showing that such defects significantly influence the size-dependent behaviour in . The MD results are compared with the results of continuum theory, showing that continuum theory holds, even for very small defects. Taking into account the surface effects, native oxide layers together with fabrication-induced defects, the experimental measurements can be explained. The studied example involved nanocantilevers, but can be extended to nanowires.
Running head : PARTISANS ’ IDENTITY FUSION Temporal Dynamics of Partisan

We investigated the dynamics of identity fusion and prosocial behavior within political groups in the four weeks preceding and following the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. The primary questions were whether a negative event (losing) would lead to a more pronounced increase in identity fusion, and whether identity fusion would predict prosocial giving. We found that while fusion gradually increased in the run-up to the election, there was no significant increase after the event for supporters of either party. We also found that identity fusion robustly predicted prosocial ingroup giving, especially before the election, and even when accounting for self-reported identification and previous political commitment behaviors. Implications for theories of identity fusion are discussed.
Prevention of Postoperative Acute Lung Injury (ALI) - The Anaesthetist Role

Postoperative pulmonary complications such as Pneumonia, Acute Lung Injury (ALI), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) substantially increases the risk of morbidity, mortality, length of hospitalisation and financial burden. Risk factors can be broadly categorized into patient related, procedure related, anaesthesia related and post procedural care related. The prevention of postoperative ALI requires a comprehensive approach that includes preoperative risk stratification and optimizations, intraoperative lung protective strategies that includes lung protective ventilation, regional analgesia technique, avoiding excessive fluid, minimising blood and blood product transfusion, control oxygen therapy. Postoperative part is equally important and required multidisciplinary multi-model approach that includes- fast tracking protocol for enhanced recovery, good analgesia using multimodel therapy to minimised systemic opioid, vigilance monitoring, physiotherapy and lung expansion manoeuvres including use of non-invasive ventilation in selected patients and other supportive care such as nutritional support, glycemic control, selective nasogastric drainage, thrombo- prophylaxis and early empirical antibiotic therapy in suspected infection and sepsis.
Discovery of two neighboring satellites in the Carina constellation with MagLiteS

We report the discovery of two ultra-faint satellites in the vicinity of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) in data from the Magellanic Satellites Survey (MagLiteS). Situated 18$^{\circ}$ ($\sim 20$ kpc) from the LMC and separated from each other by only $18^\prime$, Carina~II and III form an intriguing pair. By simultaneously modeling the spatial and the color-magnitude stellar distributions, we find that both Carina~II and Carina~III are likely dwarf galaxies, although this is less clear for Carina~III. There are in fact several obvious differences between the two satellites. While both are well described by an old and metal poor population, Carina~II is located at $\sim 36$ kpc from the Sun, with $M_V\sim-4.5$ and $r_h\sim 90$ pc, and it is further confirmed by the discovery of 3 RR Lyrae at the right distance. In contrast, Carina~III is much more elongated, measured to be fainter ($M_V\sim-2.4$), significantly more compact ($r_h\sim30$ pc), and closer to the Sun, at $\sim 28$ kpc, placing it only 8 kpc away from Car~II. Together with several other systems detected by the Dark Energy Camera, Carina~II and III form a strongly anisotropic cloud of satellites in the vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds.
Estimating the variance of a propensity score matching estimator for the average treatment effect

Abstract:This study considers variance estimation when estimating the asymptotic variance of a propensity score matching estimator for the average treatment effect. We investigate the role of smoothing parameters in a variance estimator based on matching. We also study the properties of estimators using local linear estimation. Simulations demonstrate that large gains can be made in terms of mean squared error, bias and coverage rate by properly selecting smoothing parameters. Alternatively, a residual-based local linear estimator could be used as an estimator of the asymptotic variance. The variance estimators are implemented in analysis to evaluate the effect of right heart catheterisation.
Structural analysis of body composition status in Abu Dhabi police personnel

Monitoring of morphological status is necessary because human body structure is very important and at the same time biologically very changeable category that can be influenced by many external and internal factors. The aim of this study is a structural analysis of current state of body composition for purposes of establishing initial body composition model of Abu Dhabi police personnel. Measurement procedures have been conducted under the monitoring of Strategic Management & Performance Improvement Department, Sports Activity Section, Abu Dhabi police, in the gym for police officers with the help of the machine InBody 720. The sample size was 59 male police officers of different age and rank. The main characteristics of the sample were: age 31.53±9.42 years, height 173.08±6.13cm and body weight 80.10±11.50kg. Investigated variables were: height (H), body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), percent of body fat (PBF), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and per-
Trace Elements in Prenatal and Neonatal Development : Zinc and Manganese

A comprehensive review of the role of all trace elements in fetal and neonatal development here is possible at only the most superficial level. Therefore two trace elements, zinc and manganese, are used to exemplify the concepts involved. The points to be made are, first, that maternal dietary trace element deficiencies can affect fetal and neonatal development at several levels of organization. Second, even mild zinc deficiency during pregnancy may have deleterious effects on the offspring; and third, trace element deficiencies that affect the fetus may come about not only through inadequate dietary intake, but through a number of factors that interact with trace elements. When considering the effect of trace elements and their deficiencies on early development, it is important to recognize two principles of developmental nutrition and teratology: time specificity and agent specificity (1). The time during the developmental process at which nutritional insults occur is an important factor in determining the response of the developing organism (2). During critical periods in development, in which organs, tissues, or other components are forming, they are vulnerable to damage, so that even short periods of nutritional deficiencies may have permanent effects. Conversely, the same insult at a later time will not produce the defect. Because of agent specificity, different nutrients with their specific biochemical roles in development may have greater or lesser effects. Thus, different trace element deficiencies may have different final effects on a developing embryo, fetus, or neonate, even though the timing of the deficiency is the same.
Theoretical Perspectives on Knowledge and Learning and a Student Teacher’s Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Dividing and Sequencing Subject Matter

This study describes and interprets (a) a student teacher’s decisions about task content and content progression across an elementary and high school sport unit and (b) those aspects of his pedagogical content knowledge that he used to explain and justify his decisions. The student teacher’s pedagogical content knowledge of dividing and sequencing subject matter can be summarized briefly: first, tell about the biomechanically efficient body position, and second, play games. Both the student teacher’s decisions and pedagogical content knowledge and guidelines for content progression that are in the curriculum literature are interpreted by using broad theoretical perspectives of knowledge and learning that pervade educational thought. Taken-for-granted perspectives that knowledge and learning are molecular are questioned, and the potential of more holistic, nonlinear perspectives is considered.
Mitochondrial DNA diversity in anadromous rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax Mitchill : a genetic assessment of the member-vagrant hypothesis

Nous avons analyse la variance genetique de l'ADN mitochondrial chez l'Eperlan arc-en-ciel anadrome afin de verifier si les processus ecologiques expliquant les patrons de distribution spatiale selon l'hypothese de « member-vagrant » pouvaient egalement avoir des consequences evolutives sur le processus de divergence des populations. Un total de 568 eperlans adultes provenant de 16 sites de l'estuaire et du golfe du Saint-Laurent (Canada) ont ete analyses par enzymes de restriction. Les analyses de groupement et hierarchique de l'heterogeneite de la frequence de 140 haplotypes mitochondriaux ont mis en evidence quatre populations distinctes entre lesquelles le flux genique est restreint. Cette structure populationnelle semble correspondre au nombre d'habitats favorables a la retention des jeunes stades et a leur probabilite de diffusion entre populations. Ces resultats suggerent que les processus ecologiques sous-jacents a l'hypothese de « member-vagrant » ont un effet determinant sur la diversite genetique de l'Eperlan. De plus, des facteurs biogeographiques ont probablement joue un role important sur la determination de cette diversite. Dans l'ensemble, cette etude illustre l'importance de considerer dans une perspective historique les interactions entre les caracteristiques du cycle vital d'une espece, sa diversite genetique et les contraintes environnementales afin de mieux en comprendre l'ecologie evolutive.
Sediment Morphology, Distribution, and Recent Transport Dynamics in a Reforested Fragment

Abstract Erosion generates large amounts of sediment, which may be deposited at the site of origin, on the slope of a hill, or along waterways. The transportability of each type of sediment by runoff and its potential for subsequent deposition largely depends on its morphological features and particle size distribution. The aim of this study is to describe and characterize the morphology and micromorphology of sediments deposited in a reforested area and to understand the dynamics of the transport process. [. ]
Lactic acid bacteria during fish fermentation (rusip)

Genus of lactic acid bacteria involved in a food fermentation may vary depend on region, type of substrate and or fermentation stages. The lactic acid bacteria encountered in the end product of rusip with the addition of salt and roasted rice are Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, whereas in rusip with the addition of salt and brown sugar were Streptococcus and Leuconostoc.2 These lactic acid bacteria were found in the final product of rusip originating from manufacturers in Bangka. Meanwhile, Kusmarwati et al.3 found Pediococcus as bacteriocin producing lactic acid bacteria from commercial rusip in Bangka and West Kalimantan. The lactic acid bacteria profiles, however, that play a role during the fermentation stage are unknown. Thus, this study was aimed at identifying lactic acid bacteria of rusip at different fermentation stages. Data on the types of lactic acid bacteria that play a role during fermentation are needed to develop further product of rusip such as to improve the quality of the preparation of rusip with selected LAB starter.
P erformance and Physiology of Steers Following Grazing of Toxic Tall Fescue as Influenced by Feeding Soybean Hulls on Pasture and Postgraze Steroid Implantation 1

Carryover effects of feeding soybean hulls (SBH) on toxic tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.)] pasture and effects of postgraze steroid implantation on performance and physiology of steers were evaluated in a 2-yr experiment. Following grazing, 36 steers were assigned to 9 pens, and pens were randomly assigned 3 to the following pasture-pen combinations: 1) feeding SBH on pasture and postgraze steroid implantation (WF/WI), 2) without feeding SBH on pasture and with postgraze steroid implantation (WOF/ WI), and 3) without feeding SBH on pasture and without postgraze steroid implantation (WOF/WOI). Responses to the pasture-pen combinations were regressed over days on the nontoxic diet and regression slopes were compared. Steers fed SBH on pasture tended (P < 0.10) to have greater BW at the start of the experiment than those not fed on pasture, but BW was similar to WOF/ WI by the conclusion of the experiment. Average daily gain was similar (P > 0.10) between WF/WI and WOF/WI, and WOF/WI had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and BW than WOF/WOI at the conclusion of the experiment. Dry matter intake was similar (P > 0.10) among treatments and increased nonlinearly over days on the nontoxic diet and stabilized in 25 to 30 d. Rectal temperatures declined nonlinearly (P < 0.001) from above 40.2°C to less than 39.5°C in 4 d, and serum prolactin increased (P < 0.001) and stabilized in 28 to 30 d. Results indicate that feeding SBH to steers on toxic fescue and postgraze steroid implantation can improve postgraze performance, but without improving rates of recovery from toxicosis.
Integrating molecular genetics and ecology in studies of adaptive radiation: whitefish, Coregonus sp., as a case study

Species pairs of whitefish (Coregonus sp.) found in postglacial lakes are used to illustrate the benefits of combining molecular and ecological approaches in studies of adaptive radiation. A detailed mitochondrial DNA phylogeographic analysis revealed that this species complex is composed of five major phylogenetic groups identifying races that survived the Pleistocene glaciations in distinct refugia. It also provided evidence for parallel evolution of sympatric ecotypes, involving both allopatric and sympatric origins. This strongly indicated the role of natural selection in driving their divergence. A comparative analysis of niche partitioning supported the hypothesis that the persistence of differential ecological opportunity throughout their ontogeny may be the selective force promoting the extent of specialization reached by whitefish ecotypes. The possibility that these same ecological processes are also responsible for determining the extent of their reproductive isolation was supported by a negative correlation between the extent of gene flow, estimated from microsatellite loci, and that of morphological specialization between ecotypes in different lakes. Previous experimental studies, however, revealed that embryonic mortality rates were 2 to 5 times higher in hybrid compared to pure crosses of ecotypes from distinct glacial races. This indicates that both genetic and ecological mechanisms may jointly act to determine speciation rate in whitefish. It is hoped that this study will not only stimulate further the interest of evolutionary ecologists for molecular genetics, but also that of molecularists for ecology. Promoting the fusion of such apparently remote fields of research may represent the most important achievement of molecular ecology as a discipline. trophic niche partitioning, and genetic divergence between dwarf and normal whitefish ecotypes to investigate the possible role of natural selection in driving population divergence, and ultimately, speciation. We first compared the level of morphological and trophic niche differentiation between dwarf and normal ecotypes from different lakes to test the hypothesis that the extent of specialization reached between sympatric ecotypes correlates with the persistence of different trophic resources in a given environment. Secondly, we compared the extent of trophic specialization and genetic divergence between forms in different lakes to investigate the possible role of natural divergent selection on the development of reproductive isolation.
Multivariate Ap\'ery numbers and supercongruences of rational functions

One of the many remarkable properties of the Ap\'ery numbers $A (n)$, introduced in Ap\'ery's proof of the irrationality of $\zeta (3)$, is that they satisfy the two-term supercongruences \begin{equation*} A (p^r m) \equiv A (p^{r - 1} m) \pmod{p^{3 r}} \end{equation*} for primes $p \geq 5$. Similar congruences are conjectured to hold for all Ap\'ery-like sequences. We provide a fresh perspective on the supercongruences satisfied by the Ap\'ery numbers by showing that they extend to all Taylor coefficients $A (n_1, n_2, n_3, n_4)$ of the rational function \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{(1 - x_1 - x_2) (1 - x_3 - x_4) - x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4} . \end{equation*} The Ap\'ery numbers are the diagonal coefficients of this function, which is simpler than previously known rational functions with this property. Our main result offers analogous results for an infinite family of sequences, indexed by partitions $\lambda$, which also includes the Franel and Yang--Zudilin numbers as well as the Ap\'ery numbers corresponding to $\zeta (2)$. Using the example of the Almkvist--Zudilin numbers, we further indicate evidence of multivariate supercongruences for other Ap\'ery-like sequences.
Enhancement of Extrinsic Charging Efficiency of a Nanoparticle Charger with Multiple Discharging Wires

A unipolar charger with multiple discharging wires has been developed and investigated to enhance the extrinsic charging efficiency of nanoparticles by using sheath air near the wall of the charger. The applied voltage of the charger ranged from +4.0 to +10 kV, corresponding to corona current from 0.02 to 119.63 μA. Monodisperse NaCl particles of 10 ∼ 50 nm and Ag particles of 2.5 ∼ 10 nm in diameter were produced to test the performance of the charger with multiple discharging wires and to investigate the particle loss at different sheath flow rates, corona voltages and sheath air velocities. Results showed that the optimal efficiency in the charger was obtained at +9 kV applied voltage, 10 L/min aerosol flow rate and 20 L/min sheath air flow rate. The extrinsic charging efficiency increased from 2.86% to 86.3% in the charger as the particle diameter increasing from 2.5 to 50 nm. The TDMA (tandem-differential mobility analyzer) technique was used to investigate the charge distribution, and the charge distributions in the exit were obtained at the optimal operating condition.
Chromosome 9 p 21 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Are Not Associated With Recurrent Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Established Coronary Artery Disease

hromosome 9p21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and other clinical conditions in multiple studies.1–6 Several recent studies, however, have led to conflicting results when associations between these SNPs and myocardial infarction (MI) have been examined (as opposed to the presence or absence of coronary artery disease [CAD] or need for revascularization). Horne et al showed that, although the presence of a 9p21-tagging SNP (tagSNP, rs2383206) was associated with the presence of CAD when compared with healthy controls, the presence of rs2383206 was not associated with either prevalent MI (when compared with non-CAD patients) or future risk of MI (when compared with CAD patients who were not carriers of the risk allele). 7 In a recent study by Dandona et al, another 9p21 tagSNP (rs1333049) was associated with CAD severity, but did not predict MI.8 These studies indicate that, although the 9p21 locus is likely to be an initiator and possibly promoter of atherosclerosis, SNPs in this region may not be precipitators of acute MI. C
Enhanced Performance of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-delta (LSCF) Cathodes with Graded Microstructure Fabricated by Tape Casting

La0.6Sr0. 4Co0.2Fe0. 8O3−δ (LSCF) powders with different particle sizes, synthesized through a citrate complexation method and a gel-casting technique, are used to fabricate porous LSCF cathodes with graded microstructures via tape casting. To create porous electrodes with desired porosity and pore structures, graphite and starch are used as pore former for different layers of the graded cathode. Examination of the microstructures of the as-prepared LSCF cathode using an SEM revealed that both grain size and porosity changed gradually from the catalytically active layer (near the electrodeelectrolyte interface) to the current collection layer (near the electrode-interconnect interface). Impedance analysis showed that a 3-layer LSCF cathode with graded microstructures exhibited much-improved performance compared to that of a single-layer LSCF cathode, corresponding to interfacial resistance of 0.053, 0.11, and 0.27 Ω·cm 2 at 800, 750, and 700 o C respectively.
Information Quality Framework for e-Learning Systems

Information quality frameworks are developed to measure the quality of information systems, generally from the designers’ viewpoint. The recent proliferation of e-services and e-learning particularly raises the need for a new quality framework in the context of e-learning systems. This paper proposes a new information quality framework, with 14 information quality attributes grouped in three quality dimensions: intrinsic, contextual representation and accessibility. This framework could be useful to e-learning systems designers, providers and users as it provides a comprehensive indication of the quality of information in such systems. We report results based on original questionnaire data and factor analysis supporting our conclusions.
Post-Selection Inference for Generalized Linear Models With Many Controls

This article considers generalized linear models in the presence of many controls. We lay out a general methodology to estimate an effect of interest based on the construction of an instrument that immunizes against model selection mistakes and apply it to the case of logistic binary choice model. More specifically we propose new methods for estimating and constructing confidence regions for a regression parameter of primary interest α0, a parameter in front of the regressor of interest, such as the treatment variable or a policy variable. These methods allow to estimate α0 at the root-n rate when the total number p of other regressors, called controls, potentially exceeds the sample size n using sparsity assumptions. The sparsity assumption means that there is a subset of s < n controls, which suffices to accurately approximate the nuisance part of the regression function. Importantly, the estimators and these resulting confidence regions are valid uniformly over s-sparse models satisfying s2log 2p = o(n) and other technical conditions. These procedures do not rely on traditional consistent model selection arguments for their validity. In fact, they are robust with respect to moderate model selection mistakes in variable selection. Under suitable conditions, the estimators are semi-parametrically efficient in the sense of attaining the semi-parametric efficiency bounds for the class of models in this article.