Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing Self-Awareness as a Correlate for Career Development of Students with Disabilities.

The lifelong process of career development poses special challenges for people with disabilities. Although the career development of individuals with disabilities is not widely discussed in the literature, key pieces of legislation enacted or reauthorized in the 1990s indicates a backdrop from that perspective. Employers are increasingly recognizing that a diverse and inclusive workforce is critical to success in the 21st century global economy. This is increasingly recognized as opportunities have opened up, in recent decades, both in in-service training and in the open labour market. Yet in many countries such as Cameroon, the potential of many persons with disabilities remains untapped, as they frequently do not have equal access to training in employable skills, relevant to the labour market in which they seek to work, either in formal employment, in self-employment or small businesses in the informal economy. This article looked at self-awareness as a guide for career development of students with disabilities. Career development is the outcome of actions on career plan, which starts as early as childhood, when children starts having an idea of what they want to be in future. For students with disabilities, the challenges are enormous considering that; they face special changes based on their special needs. Overcoming the challenges of career development is not always easy for students with disabilities, but having an awareness of themselves, can act as a guide in their career development process. This article briefly presents the influence of self-awareness on the career development process of students with disabilities. These Employment issues for persons with disabilities underscore the need for a multifaceted career development programme particularly for developing countries such as Cameroon. Career development which is a cyclical process involves self-knowledge about personality, interests, skills, and abilities; understanding of the world of work and the requirements of specific occupations; and the ability to match one’s abilities and skills satisfactorily with an occupation and a work environment. Other aspects that influence the process are occupational aspirations, self-efficacy expectations, and career maturity. Despite these conceptual and methodological problems, there is still a need for a conceptual framework to guide career development counsellors in tracking and facilitating the career development of persons with disabilities. Keywords: Self-Awareness; Career Development; Students with Disabilities/Special Needs
Isolation of Escherichia coli Specific Lytic Phages from Wastewater and

1. Ph.D Student of Food Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industries, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran 2. Professor of Food Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industries, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran 3. Associate Professor of Food Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industries, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran 4. Assistant Professor of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industries, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran 5. Assistant Professor of Biological Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
THE OPINIONS OF MEDICAL INTERNS ABOUT THE ACQUIRED BASIC CLINICAL SKILLS

Background: Establishing centers for clinical skills training in medical schools with the purpose of improving students’ ability in practical skills has provided an adequate environment for practicing in an experimental setting and consequently can be effective in decreasing the rate of probable mistakes in real situations. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the opinions of interns in Kerman University of Medical Sciences about the rate and sources of acquired basic clinical skills through self- evaluation. Methods: All available interns of Kerman School of Medicine (including 120 ones) who had passed the clinical skills course participated in this cross- sectional study in 2004. Data were gathered by an investigator- made questionnaire and analyzed by using t-test and ANOVA. Results: Based on the results, most of the respondents (90.8%) believed in the necessity of a specific course as clinical skills in medical education program. In regard to the rate of acquired skills, “vital signs measurement”, “nasogastric tube insertion” and “patient communication skills” got the highest mean scores (18.35, 17.76 and 17.3 respectively) in interns’ self-evaluation, while the lowest mean scores belonged to “cauterization”, “intubation” and “using surgical set” (9.09, 12.84 and 14.11 respectively). The percent of self-evaluation total score was 76.7%. In regard to the source of acquiring clinical skills, “clinical skills center” (41%), “self- learning” (29%) and “professors and others” (27%) obtained the highest percents respectively. Conclusion: Considering the low self- evaluation scores in some skills and the highest percent for clinical skills center as source of acquiring clinical skills, improving the quality of training in this center and expanding its activities are necessary. Keywords: Medical education, Clinical skill, Medical intern, Opinion,
Extraction of Coffee Silverskin and the Development of Antioxidant-Rich Products

The coffee roasting industry leaves the silverskin, a thin layer covering the coffee bean, as waste. Recent studies have shown that coffee silverskin is rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant property. In this work, the optimum conditions for the extraction of coffee silverskin were studied with the purpose of maximizing the phenolic content and antioxidant activity. It was observed that the type of solvent, the extraction temperature, and the extraction time strongly affected the phenolic content of the extract. The phenolic content of silverskin from two varieties of coffee bean, Robusta and Arabica, was also compared. It was found that the phenolic content of Robusta coffee silverskin was higher than that of Arabica coffee silverskin. Further, the coffee silverskin extract was used to develop antioxidant-rich products, including beverage, skin gel and skin lotion. All products added with coffee silverskin extract showed a high antioxidant activity, indicating that coffee silverskin has the potential to be used as a source of antioxidant in various products. A concentration of the coffee silverskin extract of 1% in the skin gel or the skin lotion resulted in the highest antioxidant activity.
New Methods of Damage and Failure Analysis of Structural Parts

In linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), KIC is the magnitude of the stress intensity at the tip of the crack if the strain in body is elastic. The KIC value is a material property that is independent of the geometry of the planar strain. Thus, KIC values can apply to a structure or element constructed from the same material. Concept of J-integral was introduced a decade later by Rice to characterize the intensity of elastic– plastic crack-tip fields, and symbolizes the elastic–plastic fracture mechanics. Both approaches can be used to characterize the material deformation behaviour, which can vary from linear elastic to elastic-plastic but conducting tests according to respective standards is complex and time-consuming. [1]. On the other hand, determination of materials toughness as a property of absorbed impact energy by the Charpy method is widespread and done with relative ease. Conventional test method measures only the energy required to fracture the specimen, but instrumented test method also allows to register force-displacement curve during the test which provides e.g. information about growth of cracks.
Response of a two-layer estuary to freshwater inflow and wind: a case study of the Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is one of the world’s largest brackish-water sea areas, with large horizontal and vertical salinity gradients. The average salinity amounts to about 7.4 o/oo (Meier and Kauker, 2003a). A large net freshwater supply mainly from river discharge of about 15,000 to 16,000 m s in combination with the hampered water exchange through the Danish Straits causes this low salinity. Decadal salinity variations are of the order of 1 o/oo, and no long-term trend is detectable during 1902-1998 (Fig. 1).
EFFECTS OF ASPARTAME ON DOPAMINE CONCENTRATION IN RATS BRAING

This study aimed to determine the effect of aspartame on the dopamine concentration in brain adult rats. For this study 24 adult male rats and 24 adult female rats were used, with age of 60-65 day, and an average live weight between (165-185) gm. The experiment has designed depend on the concentration on the daily dose, where the animals randomly divided into three groups, each group contains 12 animals (six males & six females). And the control group included six males and six females as well. The first group G A gavaged with aspartame concentration of (40 mg / kg/ per day), the second group G B gavage with concentrated aspartame (54 mg/kg/per day) and the third group G C gavage aspartame dosed of (70 mg/ kg/ per day), while the control group dosed with 1ml physiologic solution daily. All groups had their daily dosages through the mouth, and the experiment continued from October 2015January 2016. After the dosage’s period of time completed, samples of blood were taken to study the concentration of the dopamine in the brain. The results of the study showed that; rats not have significant differences (P> 0.05) in dopamine concentration in animals’ brain from the first group G A comparing with control group. The second group G B, which dosed with concentration dose (54 mg/ kg/ per day), did not show significant differences (P >0.05) when it compared with control group for both sexes. As well the third group dosed with concentration dose (70 mg/ kg/ per day), showed highly significant decrease (P <0.01) in the level of dopamine in the brain comparing with control group and other groups . conclude from study that the high concentration of aspartame lead to decrease the dopamine concentration in brain rats, also conclude that female rats were more sensitive to aspartame than male .
Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw: a retrospective study from Amritsar

Fibro osseous lesions were more frequent in females and nearly sixty percent occurred in the first three decades of life. The most frequent location was the maxilla. This study was conducted among the 21 cases of fibro-osseous lesions reportedand treated at the Punjab Government Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India over 11 years.
Hemograma e hemogasometria de eqüinos submetidos à obstrução experimental de jejuno (Hemogram and blood gas analysis of equines submitted to jejuni experimental obstruction)

Eight equines were distributed into two different groups. Those groups were submitted or not to an experimental jejunal obstruction. Animals from group 1 were submitted to an enterotomy with placement of an intraluminal balloon, without enough distention to cause ischemia; animals from group 2 were submitted to ischemia by jejunal obstruction during four hours. In order to determine the hemogram and blood gas analysis, blood samples from peripheral vein were obtained at four moments: one hour before the surgical procedure (M1); at the end of obstruction/ischemia (M2); one hour (M3) and 18 hours (M4) after the beginning of reperfusion/deobstruction. There was no difference among the groups related to the counting of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total white cells, neutrophils (band), neutrophils (segmented), lymphocytes, and monocytes. There was difference in the globular volume in M2 and in the eosinophils counting in M3. In both groups, the blood gas analysis identified diminished of sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, and chloride amounts, and partial pressure of oxygen and oxihemoglobin saturation. The results indicate that the hemogram alone, do not give conclusive information while the blood gas analysis allows an early determination of the volume of hydroelectrolytic replacement to be given to one equine with acute abdomen due to jejunal obstruction, providing additional support to the treatment and a better prognosis to an intestinal affection.
Edinburgh Research Explorer A polymorphism of the interleukin-1 beta gene influences survival in pancreatic cancer

, Firing of action potentials in excitable cells accelerates ATP turn- over. The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv2.1 regulates action potential frequency in central neurons, whereas the ubiquitous cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated by ATP depletion and protects cells by switching off energy-consuming processes. We show that treatment of HEK293 cells expressing Kv2.1 with the AMPK activator A-769662 caused hyperpolarizing shifts in the current – voltage relationship for channel activation and inactivation. We identi ﬁ ed two sites (S440 and S537) directly phosphorylated on Kv2.1 by AMPK and, using phos- phospeci ﬁ c antibodies and quantitative mass spectrometry, show that phosphorylation of both sites increased in A-769662 – treated cells. Effects of A-769662 were abolished in cells expressing Kv2.1 with S440A but not with S537A substitutions, suggesting that phosphorylation of S440 was responsible for these effects. Identi- cal shifts in voltage gating were observed after introducing into cells, via the patch pipette, recombinant AMPK rendered active but phosphatase-resistant by thiophosphorylation. Ionomycin caused changes in Kv2.1 gating very similar to those caused by A-769662 but acted via a different mechanism involving Kv2.1 dephosphorylation. In cultured rat hippocampal neurons, A-769662 caused hyperpolarizing shifts in voltage gating similar to those in HEK293 cells, effects that were abolished by intracellular dialysis with Kv2.1 antibodies. When active thiophosphorylated AMPK was introduced into cultured neurons via the patch pipette, a pro- gressive, time-dependent decrease in the frequency of evoked action potentials was observed. Our results suggest that activation of AMPK in neurons during conditions of metabolic stress exerts a protective role by reducing neuronal excitability and thus con- serving energy.
The Effects of Triceps Surae Tendon Length Altering Shoe Insoles during Running

Background: In running, injury risk is related to the magnitude of ground reaction forces (GRF) and cumulative loading. Such loads can be altered by changing the gear ratio. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of triceps surae length altering insoles during running. Methods: Kinematic and ground reaction force data was collected from 11 recreational male runners. Participants ran with three different types of insoles: elevated rearfoot, flat, and elevated forefoot. Vertical GRF peaks, braking peak, impact loading rate, and ankle gear ratios were calculated. Results: The forces, gear ratios, and vertical loading rates did not show significant differences among the three insole conditions (p > 0.05). In elevated rearfoot condition strong Pearson’s correlation was detected between the impact loading rate and gear ration at the impact peak (r = 0.7), and strong negative association was calculated between braking force and corresponding gear ratio (r = −0.73). Discussion: The magnitude of forces, ankle gear ratios, and impact loading did not show a significant difference among the three insole conditions. The significance of the results in this study might have been affected by a small sample size that reduces the statistical power of the analysis, therefore, the results should be treated with caution. An increased sample size would give more power to the prospective study to detect the possible differences among groups.
Weight gain pattern of exclusively breastfed low birth weight and normal weight babies during the first six months of life

To study and compare the weight gain pattern of Exclusively Breastfed Low birth weight and normal weight babies during the first six months of life in Neonatology Section of the Department of Pediatrics of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. A prospective Study was conducted between June 2004 to December 2005. Three hundred and sixty three low birth weight babies cases) and 121 normal birth weight babies (controls) formed the basis of this study. Follow up of these babies was done during regular visits to well baby clinic over the next six months at monthly interval. All low birth weight babies born of singleton pregnancy in JN Medical college hospital without any gross congenital malformations during a period of six months and their mothers were included in the study. Controls were term appropriate for gestational age (AGA) babies born of singleton pregnancy without any complications. The mean birth weight was 2.04±0.36kg in study group whereas it was 2.84±0.29kg in con-trols. The mean weight of exclusively breastfed babies in the study group was observed to be constantly below the 5th percentile at birth and also during the 6 months follow up. However in exclusively breastfed controls, the birth weight was at 10th percentile. On follow up, the weight was between 10th to 25th percentile in the first 3 months of life and then almost reached 25th percentile of NCHS in the next 3 months. An average daily weight gain of 19.83 grams and 22.79 grams was observed in study and control group respectively during the six months follow up. Exclusive breastfeeding is important to sustain better growth during first 6 months of life.
THE JOURNAL OF HISTOcHEMISTRY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY

Although prolactin is generally associated with lactation in the female, target organs for prolactin may also exist in the male. This paper surveys work from our laboratory in which we have used light microscopic immunohistochemistry to test for and to localize prolactin binding sites in sex accessory organs of the male rat. RehydratedBouins’ fixed (5 sm) tissue sections were first exposed to vehicle or varying concentrations of highly purified NIAMDD rat prolactin and then to NIAMDD rabbit anti-rat prolactin (APRL) followed by an immunoperoxidase staining sequence. To test for immunospecificity of staining, prolactin-treated sections were also reacted with absorbed APRL (APRL neutralized by mixture with prolactin) instead of APRL In our initial experiments we observed that prolactin preincubation produced dose-dependent, immunospecific staining in the Golgi region of ventral prostate epithelial cells. This staining was indicative of intracellular prolactin binding sites (IPBS). IPBS of rat ventral prostate appeared to be androgen-dependent disappearing after orchidectomy and returning with androgen replacement. More recently we have studied other sex organs of the male rat. In epithelial cells of dorsolateral prostate IPBS were diffuse being found either apically or throughout the cytoplasm. Extracellular prolactin binding activity was also found within the lumina of dorsolateral prostate alveoli. Of the organs thus far examined, intraluminal prolactin binding appears to be unique to the dorsolateral prostate. In seminal vesicle IPBS were localized in the Golgi region of epithelial cells similar to that observed for ventral prostate. In epithelial cells of epididymis and vas deferens intracellular prolactin binding occurred throughout the cytoplasm whereas spermatozoa within the lumina of these organs did not bind prolactin. We have also observed IPBS in neoplastic cells of R3327 rat prostatic carcinoma, a transplantable cancer derived from dorsolateral prostate. Our data suggest that normal male rat sex accessory organs and rat prostatic cancer tissue are targets for prolactin, although the roles for the hormone and its intracellular binding site remain to be clarified.
Environmental sampling to assess the bioburden of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in drylot pens on California dairies

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a bacterium that can cause substantial economic losses in infected dairy herds due to reduced milk production and increased cow-replacement costs. In order to control MAP in dairies with drylot pens, a standardized environmental sampling protocol to quantify MAP in fecal slurry was developed based on an existing protocol for freestall pens. Specifically, following a 24 h hold of the flush, a grab sample of approximately 10 ml of fecal slurry was collected every 1 m along the flush lane of the drylot pens, avoiding individual cow fecal pats. To determine the reliability and repatability of the new environmental sampling protocol for estimation of MAP bioburden at the pen level, two collectors simultaneously collected fecal slurry samples every day for 3 days from six drylot cow pens on two Central California dairies. During the study period no cow movement between pens was allowed with the exception of sick cows. The study herds had MAP seroprevalence of 5.8% and 3.2%, respectively, based on whole pen serum ELISA results. Variance components models for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) results showed samples collected from different pens on different dairies accounted for greater variablitiy in MAP concentration (65%), while samples collected by different collectors had the least variability (0.1%). In contrast, variability in MAP concentration in environmental samples collected on different days had 25% variability. The intraclass correlation coefficient showed high reliability (93%) of environmental sampling simultaneously by different collectors. In contrast, the reliability of environmental sampling at different days was 65%, which was similar to the reliability for sampling by different collectors on different days. Investigators can expect high reliability when employing the new environmental sampling protocol along with qPCR testing of environmental samples from drylot pens.
Acquisition of fungi from the environment modifies ambrosia beetle mycobiome during invasion

Microbial symbionts can play critical roles when their host attempts to colonize a new habitat. The lack of symbiont adaptation can in fact hinder the invasion process of their host. This scenario could change if the exotic species are able to acquire microorganisms from the invaded environment. Understanding the ecological factors that influence the take-up of new microorganisms is thus essential to clarify the mechanisms behind biological invasions. In this study, we tested whether different forest habitats influence the structure of the fungal communities associated with ambrosia beetles. We collected individuals of the most widespread exotic (Xylosandrus germanus) and native (Xyleborinus saxesenii) ambrosia beetle species in Europe in several old-growth and restored forests. We characterized the fungal communities associated with both species via metabarcoding. We showed that forest habitat shaped the community of fungi associated with both species, but the effect was stronger for the exotic X. germanus. Our results support the hypothesis that the direct contact with the mycobiome of the invaded environment might lead an exotic species to acquire native fungi. This process is likely favored by the occurrence of a bottleneck effect at the mycobiome level and/or the disruption of the mechanisms sustaining co-evolved insect-fungi symbiosis. Our study contributes to the understanding of the factors affecting insect-microbes interactions, helping to clarify the mechanisms behind biological invasions.