Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐36α axis is modulated in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the interleukin (IL)‐36 axis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Blood and minor labial salivary glands (MSG) biopsies were obtained from 35 pSS and 20 non‐Sjögren's syndrome patients (nSS) patients. Serum IL‐36α was assayed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL‐36α, IL‐36R, IL‐36RA, IL‐38, IL‐22, IL‐17, IL‐23p19 and expression in MSGs was assessed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), and tissue IL‐36α and IL‐38 expression was also investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). αβ and γδ T cells and CD68+ cells isolated from MSGs were also studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analysis. IL‐36α was over‐expressed significantly in the serum and in the salivary glands of pSS. Salivary gland IL‐36α expression was correlated with the expression levels of IL‐17, IL‐22 and IL‐23p19. IL‐38, that acts as inhibitor of IL‐36α, was also up‐regulated in pSS. αβ+ CD3+ T cells and CD68+ cells were the major source of IL‐36α in minor salivary glands of pSS. γδ T cells were not significantly expanded in the salivary glands of pSS but produced more IL‐17, as their percentage correlated with the focus score. Higher expression of IL‐36α and IL‐36R was also demonstrated in γδ T cells isolated from pSS compared to controls. In this study we demonstrate that a significant increase in circulating and tissue levels of IL‐36α occurs in pSS patients.
Trihexyphenidyl Improves Motor Function in Children with Dystonic Cerebral Palsy: A Retrospective Analysis

There are conflicting reports regarding the efficacy of trihexyphenidyl, an anticholinergic drug, for treatment of dystonia in cerebral palsy. The author hypothesized that trihexyphenidyl may be more effective in specific subgroups and performed a retrospective analysis of 31 children (8.2 ± 5.8 years) with dystonia following treatment with high-dose trihexyphenidyl (>0.5 mg/kg/day). Main outcome measure was extent of motor improvement calculated according to the body areas affected. Most (21/31) caregivers reported improvement in 1 or more areas, mainly arm, hand, and oromotor function. Improvement was greater in children without spasticity (P = .02) and in those with higher cognitive function (P = .02). While a third of caregivers (10/31) reported tone reduction, and half (15/31) noted overall functional improvement. Side effects were transient, with the exception of hyperopia (n = 1), and occurred less frequently in children with a history of prematurity (P = .02). In summary, trihexyphenidyl is effective particularly in absence of spasticity and in children with higher cognitive abilities.
Doing good matters to consumers: the effectiveness of humane-oriented CSR appeals in cross-cultural standardized advertising campaigns

This investigation contributes to the advancement of international advertising theory by developing a model of cross-cultural consumer responses to humane-oriented corporate social responsibility (CSR) appeals in advertising and by testing it using structural equation modelling with data from six countries (Germany, Switzerland, Austria, France, USA, and Chile). The model includes ad-, advertiser-, product-, and behaviour-related variables. Based on survey data from 924 subjects, the model received support in all six countries which suggests that humane orientation is a favourable cultural dimension for advertising purposes, even in countries in which humane orientation is less highly valued. The higher the perceived degree of humane orientation in an advertisement, the more positive was the evaluation of the ad, and the more likely subjects were to evaluate the advertiser as being socially responsible. These two variables positively influenced attitudes towards the product and, consequently, behavioural intentions. Some support was found for a moderating influence of country on the relationship between perception of humane orientation in the ad and the evaluation of that ad and on the relationship between perception of humane orientation in the ad and perceived degree of social responsibility of the advertiser. Implications for the use of humane-oriented CSR appeals in international advertising are discussed. Results suggest that international advertisers may pursue a standardized campaign in multiple markets when incorporating humane-oriented CSR appeals. Limitations and directions for further research are addressed.
Whence Consumer Loyalty?

Both practitioners and academics understand that consumer loyalty and satisfaction are linked inextricably. They also understand that this relation is asymmetric. Although loyal consumers are most typically satisfied, satisfaction does not universally translate into loyalty. To explain the satisfaction–loyalty conundrum, the author investigates what aspect of the consumer satisfaction response has implications for loyalty and what portion of the loyalty response is due to this satisfaction component. The analysis concludes that satisfaction is a necessary step in loyalty formation but becomes less significant as loyalty begins to set through other mechanisms. These mechanisms, omitted from consideration in current models, include the roles of personal determinism (“fortitude”) and social bonding at the institutional and personal level. When these additional factors are brought into account, ultimate loyalty emerges as a combination of perceived product superiority, personal fortitude, social bonding, and their synergistic effects. As each fails to be attained or is unattainable by individual firms that serve consumer markets, the potential for loyalty erodes. A disquieting conclusion from this analysis is that loyalty cannot be achieved or pursued as a reasonable goal by many providers because of the nature of the product category or consumer disinterest. For some firms, satisfaction is the only feasible goal for which they should strive; thus, satisfaction remains a worthy pursuit among the consumer marketing community. The disparity between the pursuit of satisfaction versus loyalty, as well as the fundamental content of the loyalty response, poses several investigative directions for the next wave of postconsumption research.
The Effects of Service Recovery Satisfaction on Consumers’ Behavioral Intentions: An Application in North Cyprus Five-Star Hotels

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of service recovery satisfaction on consumers‟ behavioral intentions. A total of 500 questionnaires were developed to distribute to customers of five-star hotels in North Cyprus. The questionnaire had 27 questions on the effect of service recovery strategies on the recovery satisfaction of customers, the effect of the recovery satisfaction on trust, trust on overall satisfaction and the effect of overall satisfaction on positive word-of-mouth and revisit intentions. The questionnaire for this study made use of the work of Boshoff (2005), Maxham and Netemeyer (2002); Brown, Cowles, and Tuten (1996), Oliver and Swan (1989) Morgan and Hunt (1994); Wong and Sohal (2002) and Mattila (2001). The findings of this study show that among the service recovery dimensions, atonement and tangibles do not have a positive effect on the service recovery satisfaction of customers. While a positive relationship exists between feedback, empowerment, explanation and communication on service recovery satisfaction. It was also found out that recovery satisfaction does have a positive effect on trust, which leads to overall customer satisfaction and triggers positive word-of-mouth and revisit intentions.
DNA Damage Caused by Chronic Transgenerational Exposure to Low Dose Gamma Radiation in Medaka Fish (Oryzias latipes)

The effect of transgenerational exposure to low dose rate (2.4 and 21 mGy/day) gamma irradiation on the yield of DNA double-strand breaks and oxidized guanine (8-hydroxyguanine) has been studied in the muscle and liver tissue of a model organism, the Japanese medaka fish. We found the level of unrepaired 8-hydroxyguanine in muscle tissue increased nonlinearly over four generations and the pattern of this change depended on the radiation dose rate, suggesting that our treatment protocols initiated genomic instability and an adaptive response as the generations progressed. The yield of unrepaired double-strand breaks did not vary significantly among successive generations in muscle tissue in contrast to liver tissue in which it varied in a nonlinear manner. The 8-hydroxyguanine and DSB radiation yields were significantly higher at 2.4 mGy/day than at 21 mGy/day in both muscle and liver tissue in all generations. These data are consistent with the hypothesis of a threshold for radiation-induced activation of DNA repair systems below which tissue levels of DNA repair enzymes remain unchanged, leading to the accumulation of unrepaired damage at very low doses and dose rates.
Credit and Punishment: The Career Incentives of Wall Street Bankers

This study examines the relationship between negative credit events (i.e., defaults, bankruptcies, and rating downgrades), loan contracting, and career turnover for Wall Street bankers underwriting syndicated loans. We construct a comprehensive dataset containing the identities and employment histories of nearly 1,500 bankers employed by major corporate banking departments from the period spanning 1994 to 2014. Following a negative credit shock in a banker’s portfolio, the banker is more likely to depart her bank, transition to a lower-ranked bank, and face a demotion in the future. On the other hand, bankers who issue elevated levels of loans are more likely to receive internal promotions, suggesting that conflicting incentives exist in a bank. In addition, we confirm that the threat of termination can effectively incentivize bankers to impose stricter lending terms on future loans (i.e., more covenants and stricter covenants). Overall, our findings confirm that Wall Street bankers are disciplined for large-scale credit losses.
A four-cube FEM model of the extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles to simulate the production of vowel /i/

Roles of the extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles in the production of vowel /i/ were examined using a finite element model applied to the tagged cine-MRI data. It has been thought that tongue tissue deformation for /i/ is mainly due to the combined actions of the genioglossus muscle bundles advancing the tongue root to elevate the dorsum with a mid-line grooving. A recent study with the tagging-MRI revealed an independent hydrostat factor of the anterior half of the tongue during /ei/ sequence: elevation of the tongue blade was caused by medial tissue compression with earlier, faster and greater tissue deformation. This result indicates that the contraction of the genioglossus is not a single factor to account for the vowel /i/ and implies that the intrinsic tongue muscles also contribute to tongue deformation to produce the vowel. In this study, a simple four-cube model was build to examine co-contraction effect of the genioglossus and transverse muscles using finite element method (FEM). The simulation result with the anterior transverse muscle (Ta) showed a good agreement with the taggingMRI data, suggesting that transverse anterior also plays an important role for the production of the vowel /i/.
In vitro activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787)

The in vitro activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787), a stable congener of thienamycin, was determined against 200 species of aerobic and 84 species of anaerobic bacteria. The compound was highly active against resistant gram-negative bacilli, penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, and anaerobic bacteria. The new derivative of thienamycin was more active than the parent compound, probably reflecting the stability of the analog.
The Impacts of Corporate Governance, Audit System to Business Failure of Going-concern Firms

This study examines the companies in which auditors have first issued going concern suspect, focusing specifically on impact factors influential to the company’s survival period as well as analyzing when these companies will most likely be delisted. Empirical results imply that the first five years is the critical period for delisting after the going concern suspect. The paper also indicates that the mechanism of corporate governance and audit system are also decisive factors to companies with going concern suspicion whether they will be able to continue. Normal 0 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-TW X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:表格內文; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;}
Anatomic Study Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Scan Measurement for Truncal Maxillary Nerve Blocks Via the Suprazygomatic Route in Infants

A maxillary nerve block using external anatomic landmarks is a safe regional anesthesia for adults. However, the classic approach to the nerve may be difficult in infants. To use this block in infants, we describe the anatomical landmarks needed to reach the foramen rotundum area using the suprazygomatic route. Computed tomographic scans of 55 infants (mean age, 8.5 months; range, 1 week to 16 months) without any malformation were retrospectively evaluated using multimodal and multiplanar software. For each side, the distances and angles from the skin to the greater wing of the sphenoid and to the foramen rotundum area (representing the maxillary nerve) were measured in the axial and oblique planes. The distances from the skin at the frontozygomatic angle to the greater wing of the sphenoid in the axial plane and the foramen rotundum area in the oblique plane are 24.1 mm ± 2.7 and 47.4 mm ± 4.1, respectively. From the skin landmark, the direction of the trajectory was oriented 19.3 ± 5.3 and 8.7 ± 2.9 degrees forward. These distances and angles must be slightly adapted for infants younger than 6 months, although none of these parameters were correlated with age during the period studied. This anatomic study based on computed tomographic scan information may be useful for clinical application of the truncal maxillary nerve block in infants using the suprazygomatic route.
Studying the development method of general contractor of China

This paper analyzes the characteristics of large international general contractor, including business scope and diversification, organization structure, project management technology, finance capacity, advisory function, technology innovation, etc. Combining with correlative theory, it is compared with the the status quo of our general contractor. The research and analysis of domestic general contractor is mainly from two aspects, one is conditions of general contracting market, the other is enterprise's own capacity-enhance. The general contract market includes broading the market demand and optimizing the industry structure. The capacity-enhance includes adjusting their business structure and optimizing the organization structure.This paper mainly explores the development of our general contractor in aspects above,hopefully it can provide some reference for the development of chinese.
Non-response bias assessment in logistics survey research: use fewer tests?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the concepts of individual and complete statistical power used for multiple testing and shows their relevance for determining the number of statistical tests to perform when assessing non-response bias. Design/methodology/approach – A statistical power analysis of 55 survey-based research papers published in three prestigious logistics journals (International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Journal of Business Logistics, Transportation Journal) over the last decade was conducted. Findings – Results show that some of the low complete power levels encountered could have been avoided if fewer tests had been used in the assessment of non-response bias. Originality/value – The research offers important recommendations to scholars engaged in survey research as they assess the effects of non-respondents on research findings. By following the recommended strategies for testing non-response bias, researchers can improve the statistical p.
PATTERNS OF MARRIAGE

The author rightfully eschews primary suture of wounds in military surgery except under very special circumstances, such as in a patient who has a reasonably clean wound and can be observed in the forward unit at least seven days prior to evacuation. He contrasts the modern method of wound excision and delayed primary suture with the Trueta method of wound treatment to the disadvantage of the latter, a statement with which few will disagree.
Bidirectional AF Relaying With Underlay Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks

This paper investigates the impact of primary transmissions on the performance of a dual-hop bidirectional cognitive radio system. The secondary users (SUs) communicate with each other in an underlay mode with the assistance of amplify-and-forward (AF) relays in the presence of primary users (PUs). Depending on whether there exists interference at the secondary transceivers, originating from the primary transmissions, or there is a possibility of employing the best relay selection technique at the secondary side, two operating cases are considered for the secondary network (SN). For both cases, tight lower bounds on the outage probability (OP) and the average symbol error probability (SEP) are derived in closed form. Moreover, a novel and general closed-form expression for the bit error rate (BER) of $M$-ary square quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) for both single- and multiple-relay systems, under additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) when Gray coded bit mapping is employed, is presented. In addition, we provide an upper bound and closed-form approximate expression for the ergodic capacity (EC). Numerical results provide important insights into the impact of system parameters on performance; for instance, it is demonstrated that, in both cases, under consideration of power constraints on the secondary nodes as dictated by the underlay mode of operation, the SN always achieves the full diversity order similar to the noncognitive counterpart.
Aetiology of Gastroenteritis at a Major Referral Centre in Saudi Arabia

To determine the causes of gastroenteritis at a major referral centre in Saudi Arabia, retrospective study was carried out on 58,110 fresh stools from 42,035 patients. Examination of stool specimens for pathogens was based on the clinical judgement of the physician responsible, so that all specimens were not tested for the presence of all pathogen groups. Bacterial enteropathogens were found in 7.7% of patients; Salmonella species (51.7%) were found to be the most frequent pathogens followed by Campylobacter jejuni (28%) and Shigella species (14.9%). Protozoan or metazoan parasites were detected in 27.8% of patients examined, the most common being Giardia lamblia and Hymenolepsis nana. Of the patients tested for viruses in stool, 14.1% had rotavirus, 5.3% adenovirus, 1.2% small round viruses and 0.3% coronavirus. Clostridium difficile toxin was also found in 9.5% of patients examined.
The role of endothelial lipase in high-density lipoprotein metabolism

Purpose of review Elevating high-density lipoprotein levels is increasingly being identified as an essential strategy for the prevention of atherosclerosis. Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its major protein, apoAI, are largely influenced by the rate of turnover. Lipases play an important role in modulating the metabolism of high-density lipoprotein. In particular, endothelial lipase has been shown to be an important determinant of high-density lipoprotein metabolism and levels in murine models. This article reviews new developments in our understanding of the biology of endothelial lipase and its relation to high-density lipoprotein metabolism. Recent findings Inhibition of the endothelial lipase gene, either by antibody injection or by targeted gene deletion, results in an approximately 50% increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in mice. As many as 31 single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified in the endothelial lipase gene. The 584 C/T mutation, which results in a threonine-to-isoleucine amino acid change, has been associated with higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in three separate studies. Summary Increasing evidence suggests that endothelial lipase plays a significant role in high-density lipoprotein metabolism. Endothelial lipase could be an important new target for novel therapies to raise high-density lipoprotein levels.
Separate or Integrate? Assessing the Impact of Separation Between Product and Service Business on Service Performance in Product Manufacturing Firms

Purpose: Investigating how the separation of the product and service business mediates the effect of management's commitment to the service strategy on service performance in product manufacturing firms. Methodology: The authors surveyed 216 European manufacturers in the high-value durable equipment industry moving into the service business. After assessing adequacy of measurement scales, the authors tested statistically for mediation. Their results hold when replicating the study using a structural equation modeling approach and while testing for common method biases. Findings: The authors find evidence that the creation of a separate service organization, organized as a profit center, has a significant positive mediating effect between managerial commitment and the services' financial performance. Although separation also has a positive mediating effect between commitment and non-financial performance, organizing services as a profit center had a negative effect on the service's non-financial indicators. Research Limitations: Research limitations include (a) a sample limited to German-speaking firms in the high-value durable equipment industry, (b) measurements based on self-reported managerial perceptions of service performance, and (c) conceptualization of service as a single strategic response. Practical Implications: Although the complementarity between products and services is high in the market, the authors' research suggests few synergies to leverage their integration inside the organization. Accordingly, management should, at least in transition efforts similar to the ones included in this sample, look into creating a separate and distinct service organization. Value/Contribution: This research was driven by practical concern on how to organize service operations in a manufacturing firm. Initial framing of the research through the creation of the construct of separation of product and service business was used.
Defining and Measuring the Quality of Customer Service

The importance of service quality as an indicator of customer satisfaction and organisational performance is widely acknowledged and has led to a major research thrust which has focused on a number of industries within the service sector. Some of the research relating to defining and measuring service quality is reviewed and a number of suggestions are made as to how measurement instruments such as SERVQUAL might be improved.