Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of antioxidant supplementation and exercise regimen in handling oxidative stress from natural PM2.5 exposure due to boreal forest fire

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure induces oxidative stress that causes many negative health outcomes such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disease. Research shows that dietary antioxidants and an up-regulated endogenous antioxidant response from exercise play key roles in the antioxidant defense against oxidative stress. This study is the first to use an animal model to investigate the cumulative effects of using lifestyle interventions of antioxidant supplementation (Arthrospira platensis) and exercise regimen on the antioxidant response before, during, and after ambient PM2.5 exposure. In a two-factorial, longitudinal design, sled dogs (n=48) were divided into four groups (exercise and supplemented, exercise, supplemented, and control) to (1) test the effects of exercise and antioxidant regimen on antioxidant response after one month of implemented exercise and supplementation protocol and (2) measure the antioxidant response of all groups during and after a natural forest fire event in 2015. Commercial assays for Total antioxidant Power (TAP) and the enzymatic antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) were used as markers for the total antioxidant response and the endogenous response at all time points. During the forest fire, SOD was increased 5-10-fold over pre/post-exposure levels in all groups suggesting potential implication for using SOD as a marker for the acute response to environmental stress. TAP was increased in the exercise groups after one month of exercise protocol implementation, demonstrating the cytoprotective increase of antioxidants after repeated exercise.
Nurses’ Moral Distress in the Emergency Department

The failure of nurses in taking action related to their moral beliefs makes nurses’ moral comfort not achieved and affects their dissatisfaction in their work, perhaps it also can result in nurses’ distress. The purpose of this study was to identify moral distress in the Emergency Department (ED) nurses. The study design used quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. the instrument used was the moral distress scale-revised (MDS-R) which measures the frequency and intensity of moral distress. The sampling technique used is total sampling. the sample population in this study was ED nurses in one type a hospital in Bandung, with a sample of 51 people. The results showed that the average of the total moral distress in emergency nurses was 50.72 (sd 43.846) and showed that moral distress in ed nurses tended to be low. the duration of nurse work experience is an individual factor that significantly influences moral distress in ed nurses. There is no significant difference in the mean moral distress score with the nurse’s intention to quit his job. Qualitative research is needed to determine the causes of other moral distress and moral distress explanations can be given to nurses and students to increase the sensitivity and moral competence of Indonesian nurses.
Lactobacillus paracasei Jlus66 extenuate oxidative stress and inflammation via regulation of intestinal flora in rats with non alcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive liver disease that affects the health of people in an increasing rate. In the current research, we investigated the beneficial effect of a novel probiotic strain L. paracasei Jlus66 (Jlus66) on rats with high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced NAFLD. The intestinal flora of rats was analyzed based on V3‐V4 region 16S rDNA sequencing. Moreover, we measured the oxidative stress and inflammation factors in the liver using commercial ELISA kit, and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum with chromogenic end‐point tachypheus amebocyte lysate. Compared with the HFD‐induced group, Jlus66 treatment significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the serum (p < 0.05). Additionally, Jlus66 significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) in the liver and serum (p < 0.05). Jlus66 administration also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and inversely increased the interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) level in serum (p < 0.05). Intestinal flora analysis results showed that Jlus66 can improve intestinal flora structure by increasing the abundance of gram‐positive flora such as Firmicutes, and decreasing gram‐negative flora such as Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria, and then reduced LPS concentration in the serum. So we concluded that Jlus66 can improve NAFLD by modulating the intestinal flora and followed reduction of oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation.
Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitals and Community in Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious concern of the global health sector and more recently, an escalating problem in the community. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the incidence of MRSA in hospital staff and community students in Duhok, Kurdistan, Iraq, and make a molecular comparison between the strains based on the detection of mecA gene and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) gene. Methods: We obtained 109 and 103 samples from the nares of hospital staff and community students, respectively. Conventional laboratory tests were performed for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and antibiotic sensitivity testing to identify MRSA isolates. Besides, PCR was utilized for molecular analysis. Results: All isolates from hospital staff were identified as S. aureus. Out of the 109 isolates, 55 (50.4%) were MRSA carrying the mecA gene, among which 4/55 (3.7%) were MRSA-PVL positive. Additionally, 54/109 (49.5%) isolates were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) but four isolates (3.7%) were MSSA-PVL positive. Furthermore, 23/103 (22.3%) samples from community students were identified as S. aureus, among which 5/23 (21.7%) and 17/23 (73.9%) isolates were MSSA-PVL positive and MSSA-PVL negative, respectively. Moreover, 1/23 (4.3%) was found as MRSA and was PVL gene-positive. Conclusions: The results showed that MRSA is swarming in hospitals and community in Duhok, Iraq. The highest rate of PVL was associated with community-acquired-MSSA (CA- MRSA). With further genotypic study, immediate action is needed to control and reduce the spread of MRSA clones, determine their clonal relations, and conduct epidemiological investigations.
The protective effect of low dose methotrexate on renal ischemia- reperfusion injury

Methotrexate was developed as a cytostatic agent, but at low doses, it has shown potent anti-inflammatory activity. Previous studies have demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate are primarily mediated by the release of adenosine. This study was designed to investigate the effects of low-dose methotrexate in I/R-induced renal injury in rats. Forty male albino rats were divided equally into five groups: (I) control; (II) sham operated (only unilateral nephrectomy); (III) I/R; (IV) methotrexate (0.5 mg/kg prior to experiment) plus I/R; and (V) levamisole (12.5 mg/kg prior to experiment) plus group IV. In groups III, IV and V after unilateral nephrectomy, the rats were subjected to 45 min of left renal pedicle occlusion, followed by 6 h of reperfusion. At the end of the reperfusion period, rats were killed and kidneys and blood were removed. Myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and interleukin 10, malondialdehyde, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, reduced glutathione and tumor necrosis factor alpha contents were determined in renal tissue. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were measured for the evaluation of renal function. After I/R, increases were found in serum levels of creatinine and urea, MPO activity, tissue contents of MDA, MCP-1 and TNF-α. In contrast, SOD activity, GSH and IL-10 contents were decreased. After the administration of a low-dose of methotrexate, decreases were observed in serum levels of creatinine and urea, MPO activity, tissue contents of MDA, MCP-1 and TNF-α. In contrast, SOD activity, GSH and IL-10 contents were increased. These effects diminished in presence of levamisole. Low-dose methotrexate exhibits meaningful renoprotective activity following ischemia–reperfusion injury of the kidney.
Pediatric Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Golestan Province, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study of 8-years

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a main public health problem in Iran with a high incidence rate among children. According to numerous studies in Iranian society, the most commonly affected age group is 1–4 years. At present, we aimed to investigate the pediatric CL among children in Golestan Province in North of Iran. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was run on data existed for 3,371 cases with pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis based on routinely collected data from the Health System of Golestan Province, Iran, between 2010 and 2017. Data of the study were gathered using two checklists about CL and demographic status from District Health Network. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 18.0). Results: In general, 3371cases were investigated. The majority of cases were male 1495 (50.9%), lived in the rural area, while the least CL were female 155 (38.7 %), and lived in the urban area. Pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis had the highest 883 (26.3%), and lowest 186 (5.5%) frequency in 2010 and 2013 years, accordingly. CL was increased from July and reached to maximum in October, then decreased considerably in January. In final, a significant relationship was found between CL cases and years of the survey (p= 0.001). Conclusion: The most CL cases were found among males and aged 0-5 years. As indicated by different studies, CL in the endemic area of the country (Golestan Province) occurs more often in children, while it commonly happens among adolescents in the central area of the country. Thus, it points to the role of mothers in protecting children through dressing up and sleeping habits in the outdoor environments.
Liver adenomatosis in patients with hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1 alpha maturity onset diabetes of the young (HNF1A‐MODY): Clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics in a French series

Liver adenomatosis (LA) is a rare disease resulting from biallelic inactivation of the hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1 alpha (HNF1A) gene, which induces the proliferation of adenoma cells in liver parenchyma. Liver adenomatosis has only been documented in case reports from patients carrying a HNF1A germline mutation. We have evaluated the frequency of LA among a large cohort of patients with HNF1A‐maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), previously termed “MODY3,” and herein describe its clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics.
A study of renal parameters and serum electrolytes level in newborns with birth asphyxia

Perinatal hypoxia is one of the most common primary cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India. WHO has defined perinatal asphyxia as a “failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth. ” Asphyxiated newborns are more prone to hypoxic injury so in these cases any organ can be affected but the brain, myocardium, kidneys and bowels appear to be more sensitive. This study was conducted in asphyxiated newborns to interprets serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters levels in cases of birth asphyxia. Materials and Methods: This study was done in 100 Newborn out of which 50 were cases & 50 were control from May, 2015 to May, 2016 were taken up for the study. The detailed perinatal history was obtained. Urine sample was collected by neonatal urobegs in cases and in control it was by spot sample. Blood sample were collected by routine venous sampling. Serum electrolytes levels and renal parameters were evaluated in cases and control. Results: In our study male babies had higher incidence of birth asphyxia as compared to female babies. In our study blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine level was higher among cases. Therefore there is a linear correlation with severity of asphyxia. Urine sodium and urine creatinine also increased among cases and therefore they had a higher incidence with severity of asphyxia. In our study we found serum sodium level was lower among cases than the controls. There was linear correlation between severity of asphyxia. The serum potassium was higher among cases than control and serum calcium had lower with severity of birth asphyxia. Conclusions: The study of Birth asphyxiated newborn shows that monitoring renal parameters and serum electrolytes helps in the early diagnosis and management of renal failure. Therefore they had a linear correlation with severity of birth asphyxia.
Association between the phenotype of the blood group system AB0 andLeukemia.

The AB0 system has been established as a risk factor or protection associated with the development of multiple pathologies. Thus, the search continues for its association with other diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the AB0 blood system and leukemias. Blood samples were obtained from 102 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of leukemia. We carried out an AB0 typification with Gel-cards. The morphological classification of leukemia was based on the identification of the cellular line and its differentiation stage by means of a peripheral blood smear with Wright staining. The statistical analysis was performed with SAS/STAT® ver. 9.2 statistical software. The X2- Pearson test was utilized for determining the association between two variables. An association was found of AB0 blood groups and leukemias of acute presentation, reporting more cases of those expected for AML in patients with AB blood group and a greater proportion of ALL in those with blood groups A, B, and 0 [X2. -Pearson=102; df=3; p=0.001]. More cases were reported than those expected of CML in patients with blood groups B and CLL than in persons of group 0 [X2-Pearson=6.604; df=1; p=0.017]. According to age group, an association was found of pediatric patients with ALL and adult patients with CLL (X2-Pearson=8.860; df=3; p=0.03). According to the study, the AB0 blood system is associated with leukemias of acute presentation.
A survey measuring participation and autonomy of Iranian stroke patients referring a university hospital, 2017

Article Info Background: The participation of patients in their private and social affairs plays a crucial role in decreasing disability and improving quality of life. The present study was conducted to determine the rate of stroke patient Participation and Autonomy in their private and social life in Rafsanjan in 2017 . Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included all Iranian stroke patients referring Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Rafsanjan in 2017, the total number of whom surmounted up to 100 subjects. A Persian version of Impact on Participation and Autonomy scale was used. Finally, collected data was analyzed using independent t-test and one way ANOVA. Results: The results of the present research showed 37 subjects (38.1%) in the dimension of social life turned out to be at the optimum level. The dimensions of participation with people with poor income, except for autonomy in out-of-home duties and lower educational level, were statistically more than the role played by social life, duration of illness and severity of illness )P< 0.05). Conclusion: The present research showed that more than half of patients suffering from stroke turned out to be quite functioning in private and social affairs, a point which turned out to be quite directly related to income and education level. While investigating the important factors affecting the participation of patients, it is highly recommended for researchers to determine the factors affecting the participation of the patients in order to improve the quality of life through providing necessary training, better health care and
A SERVICE IMPROVEMENT OPPORTUNITY FOR PHARMACIST INDEPENDENT PRESCRIBERS? A LITERATURE REVIEW EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POOR DIABETES CONTROL AND THE CO-EXISTENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES

Diabetes and mental illness are clinically managed by diverse pathways. However, an association between the two has been observed and evidence is growing that when poorly addressed, therapy adherence is low and outcomes are poor. To date, no intervention has been shown to provide sustained improvements in adherence, outcome, quality of life or provider cost savings. This literature review was undertaken as a foundation to a research project to examine whether there is an opportunity for current independent prescriber pharmacists, with or without further training, could as part of a primary care team, contribute their expertise to achieving better and sustainable outcomes for these conditions, where current treatment models are heavily medication-dependent. It reinforces the idea that these conditions are interlinked but by poorly understood mechanisms and suggests that a new approach is required in order to improve outcomes for this complex patient group.
Neurodevelopmental Changes in Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Opioids in Human Children and Rodent Models: A Review

The number of infants born to opioid-dependent pregnant women in North America is a growing problem. Studies that focus on the long-term effects of neurodevelopmental changes of prenatal opioid exposure in human infants are however limited. The use of rodent models to evaluate these changes may provide some insight. This review focuses on studies of rodent models exposed to opioids such as morphine, heroin, oxycodone, buprenorphine, methadone, and l-α-acetylmethadol in uteroand briefly discusses the neural and behavioural effects in human children. Most of the rodent studies reported the following neural effects: increases in caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, altered NMDA activity, and decreases in BDNF expression in the offspring prenatally exposed to opioids. In addition, they showed decreases in synaptic plasticity, LTP, LTD, dendritic length, and dendritic branch number. The exposed rodent offspring were more inclined to perform poorly in the behavioural tests. Likewise, some of the human studies reported a significant difference between the exposed group and the control; however, other studies reported insignificant or no significant differences after correcting for covariates. Most of the studies suggest an impairment in learning and memory in the rodent offspring and deficits in behaviour and cognition in human children; however, this was not always the case. It is still not clear whether the effects of prenatal opioid exposure are due to the opioid itself being the prime factor, as various factors may also contribute to the results. Further studies of the effects of early opioid exposure on neurodevelopment in the offspring are required.
Technical Skills According to Playing Position of Male and Female Soccer Players

The aim of this study was to assess the technical skills of both male and female players according to their position. Twenty seven female (M= 12.52 ± .51) and thirty seven male soccer players (M= 12.46 ± .51) who were members of amateur youth leagues participated in the study. Players were classified according to their playing position into the following groups: central defenders (CD), fullbacks (FB), midfielders (M), wingers (W), forwards (F). Shooting, short and long passing, dribbling, and dribbling after passing abilities were assessed. Although there were not significant differences between players of various positions the central defenders as well as the female players performed significantly lower scores in most of the technical skills.
Awareness and Prevalence of Accidental Blood-borne Exposures Among Students of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery Vikarabad

Studies have demonstrated that dental students / dentists are among the most vulnerable to blood-borne exposures. These preventable injuries expose workers to over 20 different blood-borne pathogens and result in an estimated 1000 infections per year, the most common being Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV (1). The risk of occupational exposure to blood borne viruses depends on the prevalence of the infection/disease in the patient population and the nature and frequency of contact with blood and body fluid through per-cutaneous or per-mucosal routes (2), as well as the susceptibility of the exposed worker(3). Journal of Oral Health Community Dentistry &
“Broken heart syndrome” Cardiovascular manifestations of traumatic brain injury

Cardiovascular dysfunction frequently complicates outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. TBI results in dysfunctions of the autonomic nervous system (mediated by catecholamines), altered systemic circulation homeostasis medicated by neurogenic stimuli, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic abnormities, and change in serum cardiac enzyme levels (not attributed to primary cardiac pathology). The present review attempts to find cardiovascular alterations following TBI, management to these patients, and their outcome.
Prevalence and experiences of food insecurity among immigrant women connected to perinatal programs at a community-based organization in Edmonton, Canada

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of household food insecurity among immigrant women connected to perinatal programs offered through a community-based organization in Edmonton, and to explore their experiences in coping with food insecurity.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilized a mixed methods research design. A community-based participatory research approach was used to engage health workers who were connected to immigrant women and families through the Multicultural Health Brokers Cooperative in Edmonton. Through the health workers a sample of 213 immigrant women connected to their perinatal programs completed the Household Food Security Survey. Following the survey, 17 women completed semi-structured interviews which were analyzed using content analysis.FindingsThe vast majority of women (94 percent (n=199)) lived in food insecure households, and 53 percent (n=112) in severely food insecure. In semi-structured interviews, women specifically described not having enough money to buy vegetables, fruit and meat, and perceiving a lack of control over foods they ate and offered to their families.Practical implicationsThis study highlights the need for support to be provided to immigrant families for acquiring healthy food in Canada.Originality/valueThe mixed methods design with a decent sample of often underrepresented research participants highlights an area in need of further research and greater support.