Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Serum Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Esteradiol Levels among Sudanese Infertile Females

Background and Objective: As infertility is rapidly becoming a major medical problems among Sudanese females, that has an impact on ovulation and menstruation and other complications, the aim of our present study to investigate the concentration and evaluate potential role of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and esteradiol in Sudanese infertile females, that may help and facilitate the diagnosis and flow up of this problem. Materials and Methods: A prospective, analytic, crosssectional and hospital-based study included Sudanese females live in KhartoumStateSudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014. A total of tow hundred infertile Sudanese females were compared with one hundred fertile females as control group, all of them were age matched , Samples were taken from test and control group in morning after overnight fasting, then serum luteinizing hormone(LH), follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) and esteradiol(E2) levels were analyzed using ELISA technique. Results: The (mean ± SD) of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and esteradiol (E2) levels in infertile Sudanese females were14.60±9. 8μIU/ml, 6.51±2. 048μIU/ml and 89.61±9.37 Pg/ml respectively. While that of fertile females (control group), the (mean ± SD) of serum luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and esteradiol, were 7.00±5.26 μIU/ml, 8.13±3.88 μIU/ml,56.93±10.3 Pg/ml respectively. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone and esteradiol were significantly elevated in infertile females when compared with control group (P<0.05, serum level of follicle stimulating hormone was decreased (P>0.05). Conclusion: Patients with infertility have significant increase levels of Serum of luteinizing hormone, esteradiol and serum follicle stimulating hormone level was reduced.
Changes in Platelet Function, Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis During Insulin-Induced Hypoglycaemia in Juvenile Diabetics and Normal Subjects

Summary Haemostatic parameters were assessed before insulin induced hypoglycaemia and 0, 1 and 2 fu after discontinuation of insulin infusion in 7 non-diabetics, aged 28 (22-31) years (mean and range), and 8 juvenile diabetics, aged 3L (27-35) years, with a mean duration of diabetes of 4 years. The patients were normoglycaemic for at least L0 hr before the study. Platelet aggregation in vitro was induced by lower adenosine diphosphate (ADP) concentrations in the diabetics than in the controls before hypoglycaemia and 0 and 60 min after insulin infusion. Platelet counts decreased significantly in the diabetics after hypoglycaemia, whereas no changes were seen in the control group. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was reduced in both groups and significantly lower in the diabetics than in the controls 120 min after insulin infusion. Fibrinogen and factor VIII R: Ag increased after insulin infusion; highest values were seen in the diabetics. The euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT) was reduced in both groups during insulin infusion; L20 min after end of insulin infusion ELT was significantly longer in the diabetics than in the control group.
Two independently regulated cytochromes P-450 in a Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain that degrades 2-ethoxyphenol and 4-methoxybenzoate

A red-pigmented coryneform bacterium, identified as Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 116, that grew on 2-ethoxyphenol and 4-methoxybenzoate as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequences indicates that the strain clusters more closely to other rhodococci than to other gram-positive organisms with a high G + C content. Each of the abovementioned growth substrates was shown to induce a distinct cytochrome P-450: cytochrome P-450RR1 was induced by 2-ethoxyphenol, and cytochrome P-450RR2 was induced by 4-methoxybenzoate. A type I difference spectrum typical of substrate binding was induced in cytochrome P-450RR1 by both 2-ethoxyphenol (KS = 4.2 +/- 0.3 microM) and 2-methoxyphenol (KS = 2.0 +/- 0.1 microM), but not 4-methoxybenzoate or 4-ethoxybenzoate. Similarly, a type I difference spectrum was induced in cytochrome P-450RR2 by both 4-methoxybenzoate (KS = 2.1 +/- 0.1 microM) and 4-ethoxybenzoate (KS = 1.6 +/- 0.1 microM), but not 2-methoxyphenol or 2-ethoxyphenol. A purified polyclonal antiserum prepared against cytochrome P-450RR1 did not cross-react with cytochrome P-450RR2, indicating that the proteins are immunologically distinct. The cytochromes appear to catalyze the O-dealkylation of their respective substrates. The respective products of the O-dealkylation are further metabolized via ortho cleavage enzymes, whose expression is also regulated by the respective aromatic ethers.
Women’s Initiation of Physical Violence Against an Abusive Partner Outside of a Violent Episode

This article explores women’s use of physical violence against an abusive male partner, outside of the context of a violence episode. Data were drawn from the New Zealand Violence Against Women Study, a cross-sectional household survey conducted using a population-based cluster-sampling scheme. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with women initiating physical violence against their male partners. Of the 845 women who had experienced physical violence perpetrated by their intimate partner, 19% reported physically mistreating their partner at least once outside of a male initiated violent episode, while 81% never initiated violence against their partner. Analyses showed that women’s initiation of violence under these circumstances was strongly associated with either or both partners having alcohol problems, her recreational drug use, her number of violent partners, and her mother being hit or beaten by her father when she was a child.
ESTUDO DE CASO DA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NA LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA EAD DA UFRN: REFLEXOS DA FORMAÇÃO ALICERÇADA NA RACIONALIDADE TÉCNICA DOS TUTORES

Pressupostos teoricos e documentos legais destacam que a formacao de professores se alicerca no acumulo de conhecimentos especificos e pedagogicos desvinculados entre si e das necessidades que atenderiam efetivamente a complexidade e desafios existentes nas salas de aula da Educacao Basica, ja que a formacao se alicerca na racionalidade tecnica. Defende-se, entao, uma formacao baseada na racionalidade pratica, alicercada na reflexao, onde se busca ultrapassar o simples acumulo de conhecimentos a partir de um elo entre os conteudos especificos, pedagogicos e a transposicao didatica dos diversos campos do conhecimento nas escolas de Educacao Basica. A luz dessa proposta, pretende-se, com o presente trabalho, observar qual a posicao da Licenciatura em Quimica a distância da UFRN, isto e, observar se o curso esta voltado ao simples acumulo de conhecimentos ou se ja busca meios de se adaptar as propostas de formacao reflexiva, onde tomamos como referencia as aulas experimentais desenvolvidas de 2008 a 2010. Assim, esse levantamento foi feito a partir de dois pontos: 1 – leitura e analise das aulas experimentais propostas pelos professores; 2 - acompanhamento das aulas experimentais orientadas pelo tutor de laboratorio. Os resultados desse acompanhamento demonstram que a experimentacao na Licenciatura em Quimica a distância da UFRN, e como consequencia a formacao que ela oferece, ainda esta ligada a racionalidade tecnica.
MALIGNANT OVARIAN TERATOMA WITH COMPLEX EXTRA‐OVARIAN DEPOSITS

TERATOMATA of the ovary may be described as occurring in two forms, the common simple dermoid cysts and the predominantly solid teratomata. The former are benign tumours, in which, however, malignant change very occasionally develops, usually in the form of a squamous cell carcinoma (Willis, 1953, p. 968). The rarer solid teratomata on the other hand must always be regarded as malignant. This classification is convenient, although not rigid, as tumours of intermediate type have been described. This case is reported because it presents the unique feature of mature and immature elements occurring both in the original ovarian tumour and also in the extra-ovarian deposits which were largely intra-peritoneal.
The Use of Explanations in Knowledge-Based Systems: Cognitive Perspectives and a Process-Tracing Analysis

This exploratory research investigates the nature of explanation use and factors that influence it during users' interaction with a knowledge-based system (KBS) for decision-making. It draws upon several cognitive perspectives to help understand when, why, and how explanations are used. A verbal protocol analysis was conducted based on a laboratory experiment involving a KBS for financial analysis. Major categories of explanation use were identified, and accounted for with relevant cognitive perspectives. Results show that explanations were requested to deal with comprehension difficulties caused by various types of perceived anomalies in KBS output. There were qualitative and quantitative differences in the nature and extent of explanation use between novices and experienced professionals. These results offer new insights to why explanations are useful and important, what factors influence explanation use, and what information should be included in explanations.
Impact of SOI thickness fluctuation on threshold voltage variation in ultra-thin body SOI MOSFETs

Threshold voltage variation due to quantum confinement effect in ultra-thin body silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFETs is examined. It is experimentally demonstrated that threshold voltage variation drastically increases when SOI layer is thinned down to 3 nm. A percolation model is used to estimate the contribution of surface roughness to V/sub th/ variation. The method to suppress the threshold voltage variation is also proposed, and around 15% reduction in threshold voltage variation is experimentally demonstrated by applying substrate bias. The reason of the suppression can be explained by quantum confinement effect induced by substrate bias.
Regional outbreak of mumps due to genotype H in Korea in 1999

Serological and virological studies were carried out of a mumps outbreak which occurred in one region, Yoeju County, Southeast of Seoul in Korea from September to December, 1999. Sera from 736 children at 8–13 years of age of patients with mumps and healthy children were tested for mumps‐specific antibodies by enzyme immunoassay. The overall IgM positive rate was 7.6% (56/736), compared with 69.8% (514/736) for IgG. Of the 49 children with both IgG and IgM, 32 were also confirmed by both clinical and serological diagnosis. IgM antibodies were detected even in the samples collected up to 3 months after the onset of symptoms. Although 436 children had been vaccinated before the outbreak, 27 (6.2%) were found to be IgM positive, particularly 6 (4.4%) of 136 were positive serologically despite a second‐dose vaccinees. Sequence analysis of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene of 4 mumps viruses isolated from 42 saliva specimens revealed that these were related to the genotype H, but distinguishable from European strains. This is the first study on the outbreak due to mumps virus genotype H and provides information to assess the understanding of recent outbreaks of mumps in Korea. J. Med. Virol. 73:85–90, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fatty acid composition in breast milk from 4 regions of Thailand.

BACKGROUND DHA contents in breast milk varied upon maternal dietary intakes. OBJECTIVE To study DHA contents in breast milk in Thai lactating women from four diferent regions of Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD 20 mL of hind milk from 40 lactating women from Bangkok, Chantaburi, Tak, and Surin were collected and analyzed for fatty acids contents by gas chromatography Dietary intake of lactating women after delivery until the present study was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Then, the average DHA intake was estimated from the diets by using the reference data. RESULTS DHA contents in breast milk of mothers from Surin were higher than those from other areas. There were no correlations between history of DHA intake and DHA contents in breast milk. CONCLUSION DHA contents in breast milk vary from region to region of the country. Local dietary intake and genetics might explain this contrast.
Newly Described Entities in Salivary Gland Pathology.

Salivary glands may give rise to a wide spectrum of different tumors. This review concentrates on 4 salivary gland tumors that have been accepted in the recent literature as new neoplastic entities: mammary analog secretory carcinoma, cribriform adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands (CASG), sclerosing polycystic adenosis/adenoma (SPA), and the mucinous/secretory variant of myoepithelioma. Mammary analog secretory carcinoma is a distinctive low-grade malignant salivary cancer that harbors a characteristic chromosomal translocation, t(12;15) (p13;q25), resulting in an ETV6-NTRK3 fusion. Cribriform adenocarcinoma (CASG) is a distinct tumor entity that differs from polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma by location (ie, most often arising on the tongue), by prominent nuclear clearing, differing alterations of the PRKD gene family, and clinical behavior with frequent metastases at the time of presentation of the primary tumor. Early nodal metastatic disease is seen in most cases of CASG; yet, they are still associated with indolent clinical behavior, making it a unique neoplasm among all low-grade salivary gland tumors. SPA is a rare sclerosing tumor of the salivary glands characterized by the combination of cystic ductal structures with variable cell lining including vacuolated, apocrine, mucinous, squamous, and foamy cells, by prominent large acinar cells with coarse eosinophilic cytoplasmic zymogen-like granules, and by closely packed ductal structures, surrounded by a peripheral myoepithelial layer and stromal fibrosis with focal inflammatory infiltrates. SPA frequently harbors intraductal epithelial dysplastic proliferations ranging from mild dysplasia to severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ. Moreover, SPA has been proven to be a clonal process by HUMARA assay and is associated with considerable risk of recurrence. Therefore, on the basis of all these newly recognized findings, we believe that SPA is likely a neoplasm, and we suggest the name "sclerosing polycystic adenoma. " The mucinous variant of myoepithelioma is a myoepithelial tumor with foci of prominent cytoplasmic clearing frequently containing intracellular mucin material and having signet-ring morphology.
Influence of flocculation and coalescence on the evolution of the average radius of an O/W emulsion. Is a linear slope of R3 vs. t an unmistakable signature of Ostwald ripening?

The LSW theory of Ostwald ripening, predicts a linear variation of the cube of the average radius of a dispersion as a function of time (R(3)vs. t) [I. M. Lifshitz, V. V. Slyozov, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1961, 19, 35-50; C. Wagner, Z. Elektrochem. , 1961, 65, 581-591]. It also envisages a left-skewed drop-size distribution with a cut-off radius of 1.5R. Consequently, non-linear changes of R(3)vs. t are usually ascribed to either a transient period of time (previous to the attainment of the asymptotic limit of ripening) or other destabilisation processes. Up to now the effect of Brownian motion on Ostwald ripening (OR) has not been considered, although it is by far the strongest limitation of the LSW theory. In this work we show the results of incorporating the algorithm of De Smet et al. for Ostwald ripening simulations [Y. De Smet, L. Deriemaeker, R. Finsy, Langmuir, 1997, 13, 6884-6888] to our emulsion stability simulations (ESS) code. In particular, the short-time evolution of a dilute dodecane/water nanoemulsion in the absence of stabilisers is studied. At high ionic strength, the simulations suggest that R(3) can change linearly with time during the transient period of Ostwald ripening, due to the flocculation and the coalescence of the drops. This behavior is confirmed by the experiments for t < 100 s. At low ionic strength a concave downward curve is observed, both theoretically and experimentally.
Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Management

Abstract Vaginitis is one of the most common ambulatory problems to occur in women. It is a disorder responsible for > 10% of visits made to providers of women's health care. Although vaginal infections are the most common cause, other considerations include cervicitis, a normal vaginal discharge, foreign-body vaginitis, contact vaginitis, atrophic vaginitis, and desquamative inflammatory vaginitis. The medical history and examination are an important source of clues to the underlying diagnosis. However, making a definitive diagnosis requires skillful performance of office laboratory procedures, including the vaginal pool wet mount examination, determination of the vaginal pH, and the whiff test. Vaginal and cervical cultures, nucleic acid tests, and point-of-care tests are available and may be required in selected patients. Once a specific diagnosis is made, effective therapy can be prescribed. Candida vaginitis is generally treated with either the vaginal administration of an imidazole or triazole antifungal agent or the prescription of oral fluconazole. Oral nitroimidazole agents, metronidazole or tinidazole, are the only effective treatments for trichomoniasis in the United States. Bacterial vaginosis, which has been linked to important gynecologic and pregnancy complications, can be treated with an available oral or topical agent containing either a nitroimidazole or clindamycin.
Providing suitable suggestions from online Q & A communities during Brainstorming

The “undiscovered knowledge problem” refers to the set of possible discoveries which one could realise had her knowledge span over several areas, thus being in a position to infer innovative findings. While this lacks, individuals prefer to excel in one or in a small number of specialised areas rather than trying to acquire knowledge across vast fields of study [16]. By exploiting the expertise of others, individuals may gain insight into additional branches in their field of interest; yet on the other hand they may also realise innovative understanding in fresh realms. In this paper we combine a brainstorming component and take advantage of an online Q&A repository – to acquire relevant data in relation to a user’s idea or uncertainty – the proposed prototype is intended to produce a set of suggestions which effectively are the result of a term extraction process. Answers posted by highly reputed individuals, will act as the foundation for the formulation of key phrases which will eventually be presented back to the user in the brainstorming activity as suggestions.
Characterization of the epidermal growth factor receptor associated with cytoskeletons of A431 cells

Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF‐R) have been shown to be associated with the detergent‐insoluble cytoskeleton of A431 cells, where they retained both a functional ligand‐binding domain and tyrosine kinase activity. In the present study we have characterized the tyrosine kinase and ligand binding activities of this cytoskeletally associated EGF‐R. The tyrosine kinase activity of the cytoskeletally associated EGF‐R was stimulated by EGF treatment of intact cells as evidenced by increased autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of the exogenous substrate angiotensin II (AII). The kinetic behavior of the EGF‐R associated with cytoskeletons of EGF‐treated cells was similar to that of purified receptors. The stimulation of the receptor kinase activity required EGF treatment of intact cells prior to Triton extraction. If cytoskeletons were prepared from untreated cells and then incubated with EGF, there was no stimulation of the detergent‐insoluble receptor kinase activity, indicating that the immobilized receptor was unable to undergo EGF‐stimulated activation. Comparison of peptide maps from soluble and cytoskeletally associated EGF‐R revealed qualitatively similar patterns; however, they are distinguished by a prominent 46 kD band in digests of the cytoskeletal EGF‐R. Saturable binding of 125I‐EGF to A431 cytoskeletons prepared from adherent and suspended cells demonstrated the presence of specific receptors on the cytoskeleton. High‐affinity EGF‐R were preferentially retained upon detergent extraction of adherent cells, whereas both low‐ and high‐affinity receptors were solubilized from the cytoskeletons of suspended cells. Suspension of cells resulted in the solubilization of an additional 15% of the EGF‐R to that solubilized in adherent cells, indicating that EGF‐R can reversibly associate with the structural elements of the cell.
THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON RETURN OF FIXED ASSETS AND FIRMS' TOTAL ASSETS RETURN WHICH LISTED ON THE TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE

Nowadays, there are a lot of differences in value of commercial corporations. Existing capitals other than physical capitals in balance sheet is the most important reason that researchers of capital market have focused on it. In this paper, hypotheses were set by using of Pulic model and were presented in the form of regression. The study was carried out in a five-year period, between the years 2008 to 2012, and data have been collected from audited financial statements of Tehran Stock Exchange. Regarding the subject of this study and limitations of information just 41 firms were chosen. The results of this research show that intellectual capital has impact on return of a firm’s total asset (financial performance) meanwhile it doesn’t have any effect on fixed asset’s return. The findings of this research are important because it claims that firm’s value doesn’t consist of just tangible assets and according to science progress the role of intangible assets in increasing firm’s value becomes much more important than tangible assets.
Emergency materials scheduling optimization based on modified GA

In the case of large-scale natural disasters, it is very important to determine emergency materials scheduling quickly and efficiently from multiple emergency logistics centers as supply point supplying to multiple disaster affected points. A mathematical model is constructed in this paper to minimize the latest emergency responding time and the number of supply activities, and an AC-GA (Alien Cross-GA) genetic algorithm is designed with alien cross strategy to obtain the optimal solution. The AC-GA employs symbolic coding, generates initial population randomly and adopts alien cross operator which first selects individuals of bigger difference to cross moderately. Simulation results show that AC-GA with appropriate setting of alien cross parameters spends less iteration to get the optimal solution than the traditional genetic algorithm when dealing the same problems.
Medical Diagnosis: Are Artificial Intelligence Systems Able to Diagnose the Underlying Causes of Specific Headaches?

Artificial intelligence is the capability of computing machines to perform at par with humans in some cognitive tasks. Since its conception in the 1940s, AI has ambitiously evolved to naturally and comfortably immerse in extraordinary and multidisciplinary fields including computer science, education, engineering and medicine. This survey aims to provide and highlight the importance of AI work in the field of medical informatics and biomedicine. We have reviewed latest AI research in this immense field of medical science with special attention given to medical diagnosis. Various intelligent computing tools from rule-based expert systems and fuzzy logic to neural networks and genetic algorithms used in medical diagnosis were considered. We have explored hydrocephalus, a medical condition causing headaches. We also analysed a prototype of what is known as NeuroDiary Web application that is currently being tested as a software mobile application for collecting data of patients with hydrocephalus. We finally propose the development of an expert mobile application system to assist clinicians in the diagnosis, analysis and treatment of hydrocephalus.