Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implant Removal after Percutaneous Short Segment Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture : Does It Preserve Motion?

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of implant removal of percutaneous short segment fixation after vertebral fracture consolidation in terms of motion preservation. Methods Between May 2007 and January 2011, 44 patients underwent percutaneous short segment screw fixation due to a thoracolumbar burst fracture. Sixteen of these patients, who underwent implant removal 12 months after screw fixation, were enrolled in this study. Motor power was intact in all patients, despite significant vertebral height loss and canal compromise. The patients were divided into two groups by degree of osteoporosis : Group A (n=8), the non-osteoporotic group, and Group B (n=8), the osteoporotic group. Imaging and clinical findings including vertebral height loss, kyphotic angle, range of motion (ROM), and complications were analyzed. Results Significant pain relief was achieved in both groups at final follow-up versus preoperative values. In terms of vertebral height loss, both groups showed significant improvement at 12 months after screw fixation and restored vertebral height was maintained to final follow-up in spite of some correction loss. ROM (measured using Cobb's method) in flexion and extension in Group A was 10.5° (19.5/9.0°) at last follow-up, and in Group B was 10.2° (18.8/8.6°) at last follow-up. Both groups showed marked improvement in ROM as compared with the screw fixation state, which was considered motionless. Conclusion Removal of percutaneous implants after vertebral fracture consolidation can be an effective treatment to preserve motion regardless of osteoporosis for thoracolumbar burst fractures.
Indications for hysterectomy.

Hysterectomy is second only to cesarean section as the most frequently performed major operation in the United States1. Data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) indicate that approximately 590,000 hysterectomies are performed annually1. Although there appears to be a downward trend in the rate since the mid-1980s, it is not yet known whether a true decline has occurred, because there have been recent changes in the NHDS sampling method1,2. By the age of 60, over one third of U.S. women have undergone hysterectomy2. The annual hospital costs for the operation currently exceed $5 billion.
Neurobiological underpinnings of insight deficits in schizophrenia

Impaired insight into illness is commonly observed across various psychiatric illnesses, but is most frequent in patients with schizophrenia. The clinical relevance and public health impact of poor insight is reflected by its close association with important clinical outcome measures, such as treatment non-adherence, lower psychosocial functioning, poor prognosis, involuntary hospitalization, and higher utilization of emergency services. Although the neurobiology of insight has not been determined, data from neurocognitive and a few structural imaging studies provide some understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of insight function in schizophrenia. Using published and preliminary data, we propose a hypothetical model of insight that may help initiate neurobiological investigations in this complex area.
Patterns of coding variation in the complete exomes of three Neandertals

Significance We use a hybridization approach to enrich the DNA from the protein-coding fraction of the genomes of two Neandertal individuals from Spain and Croatia. By analyzing these two exomes together with the genome sequence of a Neandertal from Siberia we show that the genetic diversity of Neandertals was lower than that of present-day humans and that the pattern of coding variation suggests that Neandertal populations were small and isolated from one another. We also show that genes involved in skeletal morphology have changed more than expected on the Neandertal evolutionary lineage whereas genes involved in pigmentation and behavior have changed more on the modern human lineage. We present the DNA sequence of 17,367 protein-coding genes in two Neandertals from Spain and Croatia and analyze them together with the genome sequence recently determined from a Neandertal from southern Siberia. Comparisons with present-day humans from Africa, Europe, and Asia reveal that genetic diversity among Neandertals was remarkably low, and that they carried a higher proportion of amino acid-changing (nonsynonymous) alleles inferred to alter protein structure or function than present-day humans. Thus, Neandertals across Eurasia had a smaller long-term effective population than present-day humans. We also identify amino acid substitutions in Neandertals and present-day humans that may underlie phenotypic differences between the two groups. We find that genes involved in skeletal morphology have changed more in the lineage leading to Neandertals than in the ancestral lineage common to archaic and modern humans, whereas genes involved in behavior and pigmentation have changed more on the modern human lineage.
The neural correlates of grammatical gender decisions in Spanish

In the current study, nine participants were asked to make gender decisions for a set of Spanish nouns while being scanned with functional MRI (fMRI). Words were chosen in which a direct mapping between ending and gender (“transparent” items such as carrofem or casamasc) is present and those in which there is not a direct relationship (“opaque” items such as fuentefem or arrozmasc). Direct comparisons between opaque and transparent words revealed increased activity in left BA44/45, and BA44/6 as well as bilateral activation near BA 47/insula and the anterior cingulate gyrus. These results reveal activity in areas previously found to be devoted to articulation of the determiner and to morphological processing. Taken together they support the notion that gender decisions for opaque items requires deeper and more effortful processing during the retrieval of lexical and syntactic information.
Kinetic Study of Denatonium Sorption to Smectite Clay Minerals.

The denatonium cation, as a benzoate salt, is the most bitter cation known to modern society and is frequently added to consumer products to reduce accidental and intentional consumption by humans and animals. Denatonium can enter the environment by accidental discharges, potentially rendering water supplies undrinkable. Interactions of denatonium with soil components (i.e., smectite minerals) ultimately control the environmental fate of denatonium, but the current literature is devoid of studies that evaluate denatonium sorption to smectite minerals. This study investigated the mechanism and kinetics of denatonium sorption to smectite clay minerals as a function of smectite type, temperature, pH and ionic strength. Uptake by synthetic mica montmorillonite (Syn-1), Wyoming montmorillonite (SWy-2), and Texas montmorillonite (STx-1b) at 305K was rapid, with equilibrium being reached within 2 min for all clays. Complete removal of denatonium was observed for STx-1b at pH 6.9, while partial removal was observed for Syn-1 and SWy-2. Kinetic behavior of SWy-2 and Syn-1 is consistent with a pseudo-second-order model at 305K. An activation energy of +25.9 kJ/mol was obtained for sorption to Syn-1 and was independent of temperature between 286K and 338K. Activation-free energy (ΔG*), activation enthalpy (ΔH*), and activation entropy (ΔS*) for Syn-1 were found to be +62.91 kJ/mol, +23.36 kJ/mol, and -0.130 kJ/(K·mol), respectively. Sorption capacities at pH 3.6, 6.9, and 8.2 were constant at 1.3×10-2 g denatonium/g clay; however, the kinetic rate constant increased by 56%, going from acidic to basic solution conditions. Distribution coefficients were negatively correlated with ionic strength, suggesting cation exchange. Collectively, results suggested that smectite minerals can serve as efficient sinks for denatonium cations. This is much-needed information for agencies developing regulations regarding denatonium usage and for water treatment professionals who may ultimately have to treat denatonium-impacted water supplies.
The Attachment and Clinical Issues Questionnaire (ACIQ): Scale Development

ABSTRACT In line with dynamic systems and dialectical theories of development, it was theorized that a psychopathology such as an addiction could have several causes (equifinality) and that more specific diagnoses and treatments of the most salient clinical issues for individuals coming from different developmental paths could increase the success rates of most therapies. Further, the issues from a developmental dynamic systems perspective should include not only individual clinical issues, but also relational, familial, peer, and organizational functioning. The Attachment and Clinical Issues Questionnaire (ACIQ) was developed as a research and clinical instrument relevant to these concerns. The 29 scales were based on naturalistic observations of patients in treatment and 12-step groups, attachment theory, and the clinical literature dealing with the addictions. The attachment scales were taken from classic attachment theory but, in line with more recent formulations, included relations to mother, father, and partner. Study 1 found the ACIQ to have good coefficient alphas (.79), and factor analyses revealed that the eight factors loaded on different attachment figures and sets of clinical issues rather than attachment styles per se. Study 2 found test–retest reliability to be, on average, . 79. The results were in line with the developmental hypothesis that partner and father attachments are different than attachments to mother, and that family and peer relations as well as clinical issues need to be considered separately.
Impaired postprandial releases/syntheses of ghrelin and PYY3‐36 and blunted responses to exogenous ghrelin and PYY3‐36 in a rodent model of diet‐induced obesity

Background and Aim: This study investigated the effects of peripheral administration of ghrelin and PYY3‐36 on food intake and plasma and tissue fasting and postprandial ghrelin and PYY3‐36 levels in normal‐weight (NW) and diet‐induced‐obese (DIO) rats.
Website Babies Portal: development and evaluation of the contents regarding orofacial functions

Education mediated by technology facilitates the access to information and can reach more people, including a broader range of socio-economic groups and ages, and at a low-cost. The website "Babies Portal - Speech-Language Pathology/Audiology and Dentistry" (http://portaldosbebes.fob.usp.br) was developed to provide parents with information on communication procedure disorders and oral health, enabling them to prevent and identify any changes in development early while looking for the best treatment. Objective: The objective is to describe the development and evaluation of the content pertaining to the oral functions featured in the "Babies Portal". Methods: The first stage consisted of a literature review, development/selection of illustrations and an evaluation of the possible external links that could be available. In the second stage, 10 speech-language and hearing pathologists (group A) and five parents of babies (group B) evaluated the website via an online form, which included ethical and personal information and questions about the quality, technical information and comparative prior knowledge acquired after the access. In the first stage, there was the construction of five sections ("The Oral Functions", "Breastfeeding", "Food", "Pacifier, baby bottle and finger sucking" and "Breath") based on scientific studies, presenting objective information, content links prepared by the Ministry of Health and a Dentistry section in the "Babies Portal" website. Videos, static and dynamic images were also distributed throughout the sections. Results: Regarding the second stage, 90% of all speech-language and hearing pathologists judged a good/excellent quality for all sections and classified the technical quality as very good. By their turn, 88% of the parents (group B) reported that the website helped or helped very much in understanding the contents, and 80% rated the quality as good or excellent. Conclusions: Five sections concerning the oral functions were structured, and the results collected from groups A and B suggest that the content provided is adequate and reliable.
[Expression of SKP2 and Thr187 phosphorylated p27(kip1) proteins in human breast carcinoma and their prognostic significance].

p27kip1(简称p27)是由Polyak等1发现的一种相对分子质量为27000的热稳定蛋白,是重要的细胞周期负性调控因子,其蛋白水平的表达及功能异常与肿瘤的发生、发展及预后密切相关. 肿瘤细胞中存在多种转录后调控机制调节p27蛋白的表达,磷酸化调节是最重要的途径之一[2-3]. S期激酶相关蛋白2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2,SKI2)能特异性识别p27的第187位苏氨酸(Thr187)磷酸化位点(P-p27Thr187),使其通过泛素-蛋白酶体途径降解. 目前关于P-p27Thr187在乳腺癌中表达的研究甚少. 我们检测了乳腺癌组织中SKP2及P-p27Thr187的表达,探讨两者的表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征的关系,及其对预后判断的意义。
Isolated tumor cells are frequently detectable in the peritoneal cavity of gastric and colorectal cancer patients and serve as a new prognostic marker.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic significance of isolated tumor cells detected by a panel of various monoclonal antibodies. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Previously, we showed by using immunocytology that cancer cells are frequently found in bone marrow and peritoneal cavity samples of gastrointestinal cancer patients. METHODS Findings in bone marrow and peritoneal cavity samples were compared and correlated with the 4-year survival rate of 84 gastric and 109 colorectal patients with cancer. RESULTS Although positive results in the bone marrow showed little prognostic significance, the peritoneal cavity results correlated with the 4-year survival rate (gastric cancer: p = 0.0038; colorectal cancer: p = 0.0079). Additionally, in subgroups of patients with early (gastric cancer: p = 0.02, colorectal cancer: p = 0.48) and advanced (gastric cancer: p = 0.02, colorectal cancer: p < 0.0001) tumor stages, a correlation of immunocytologic findings and the survival rate was seen. CONCLUSIONS The detection of minimal residual disease in the peritoneal cavity serves as a new prognostic marker.
Increasing incidence of cancers associated with the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic

We examined data from San Francisco and other areas participating in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to determine the effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic on cancer incidence between 1973 and 1987. In this period, non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence has increased over 10‐fold and Kaposi's sarcoma incidence has increased over 5000‐fold in single San Francisco men 20 to 49 years of age. Increases in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma have been restricted to high‐grade and diffuse large‐cell (intermediate‐grade) histological types. With the exceptions of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma, no other tumor has significantly increased in incidence. During 1987, we estimate that HIV‐seropositive men in San Francisco had a 0.47% risk of developing non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and a 1.6% risk of developing Kaposi's sarcoma. The relative risks for non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma associated with HIV infection were 104 and 40,000, respectively. For 1987, HIV was associated with 14% of all reported cancers (except non‐melanoma skin cancer) in men aged 20 to 49. We expect that 1,890 to 2,730 excess cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and 6,490 to 8,320 excess cases of Kaposi's sarcoma will occur in the United States in 1990.
Measuring the Orbital Angular Momentum State of Light by Coordinate Transformation

We present a method to measure the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state of light by coordinate transformation. The input OAM mode with annular shape is uniaxially compressed into a linear-shaped light, so that the upper and lower portions of OAM mode overlap to produce an interference pattern, showing easily recognizable fringes both in the near field and far field. The far-field measurement is more suitable for detecting large OAM but with the cost of additional diffractive element. The incident light can illuminate any position of the device, showing good tolerance to adjust the optical path. In a practical application, the proposed scheme can be realized only by one or two elliptical lenses, which provides a convenient and economic method for measurement of OAM state.
A gene for cleidocranial dysplasia maps to the short arm of chromosome 6.

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant generalized bone dysplasia characterized by mild-to-moderate short stature, clavicular aplasia or hypoplasia, supernumerary and ectopic teeth, delayed eruption of secondary teeth, a characteristic craniofacial appearance, and a variety of other skeletal anomalies. We have performed linkage studies in five families with CCD, with 24 affected and 20 unaffected individuals, using microsatellite markers spanning two candidate regions on chromosomes 8q and 6. The strongest support for linkage was with chromosome 6p microsatellite marker D6S282 with a two-point lod score of 4.84 (theta = .03). Furthermore, the multipoint lod score was 5.70 in the interval between D6S282 and D6S291. These data show that the gene for autosomal dominant CCD is located within a 19-cM interval on the short arm of chromosome 6, between D6S282 and D6S291.
Metabolic Syndrome and its Association with Healthy Eating Index-2005 in Adolescents: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

One of the major epidemiologic public health problems is worldwide metabolic syndrome (MetS). Since the relationship between diet quality and MetS among adolescents in developing countries has not been well understood, the present study aimed to evaluate the association between diet quality, as measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2005) and the prevalence of MetS and its risk factors in a group of Tehranian adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 706 adolescents, aged 10-19 years, within the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study in 2008-2011. Usual dietary intakes were assessed by valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and diet quality score was obtained based on HEI-2005. MetS was determined using the modified de Ferranti definition. There were 706 adolescents, aged 14.8±2.7 years. The overall prevalence of MetS in adolescents was 22.4%. Large waist circumference was the most common component of MetS in both girls and boys. After adjusting for age, sex, energy intake and physical activity, participants who were in the highest quartile of HEI-2005 compared with lowest quartile had lower prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 0.62; CI 95%: 0.40-0.96 and P for trend= 0.02), and low serum HDL-C (OR: 0.62; CI 95%: 0.41-0.97 and P for trend= 0.02). No significant difference was observed in odds of MetS, large waist circumference, hyperglycemia and hypertension. Adolescents with dietary pattern more consistent with the HEI-2005, had lower prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and low serum HDL-C.
Elevated S100B protein as an early indicator of intracranial haemorrhage in infants subjected to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

The aim of this investigation was to verify whether plasma S100B could be a useful tool in identifying which infants subjected to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) might develop intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). A case‐control study of eight infants who developed ICH during ECMO was conducted. Plasma samples collected daily after ECMO insertion were assessed for S100B and compared with those obtained from eight infants supported by ECMO who did not develop ICH. Cerebral ultrasound and Doppler velocimetry waveform patterns in the middle cerebral artery (MCA PI) were also recorded at the same time as blood sampling. S100B blood concentrations were significantly higher in the group of infants with ICH 72 h before any signs of haemorrhage could be detected by ultrasound (ICH: 2.91 ± 0.91 μg/L vs. control: 0.53 ± 0.15 μg/L), reaching their peak at day 6, when cerebral ultrasound scan patterns were suggestive of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH: 3.50 ± 1.03 μg/L vs. control: 0.66 ± 0.27 μg/L) (p < 0.05, for both). The highest S100B levels were observed in the three ICH infants who expired during the ECMO procedure (3.43 μg/L, 4.0 μg/L, 4.12 μg/L, respectively). MCA PI values in the ICH group were also significantly higher, but only 24 h before any ultrasound pattern of bleeding was detected (ICH: 2.31 ± 0.22 vs control: 1.81 ± 0.24) (p < 0.05).
The Impact of Integrating Visuals in an Elementary Creative Writing Process.

Most children's books are filled with pictures, yet when schools design curricula to teach writing, they often ignore the role of visual images in the writing process. Historically, methods for teaching writing have focused on text. Even relatively recent techniques like brainstorming and story webbing still focus on verbal information. In some cases, however, visuals have been used as a story stimulus to generate writing ideas or evoke emotional expression. This paper describes a study which sought to measure the effects of the introduction of computer clip art and graphical presentation software on the writing process. In particular, researchers wondered if the use of these visuals would affect length and quality of compositions, student motivation and esteem, student ability to organize thoughts into paragraphs, and student reaction to sharing compositions. The study examined 25 second-graders engaged in a daily writer's workshop that included brainstorming, story webbing, drafting, editing, publishing, and presenting. Data was collected via observation, a final group debriefing, interviews with both teachers and students, and analysis of the final creative papers themselves. Children used clip art as icons as aids for mapping sequences and chronologies, and as trial-and-error aids in story planning. Many students had difficulty applying themselves to the writing process once they learned tht a computer would assist them at the editing stage, but the computer's presence also lent fun to preparing the final draft, which can become mundane or frustrating. Graphical presentation software also took some of the anxiety out of sharing papers with the whole class; attention was drawn away from the child to the onscreen graphics. There was ample evidence to support the conclusion that these computer applications enhanced length and quality of compositions; increased student self-esteem; enhanced, helped students organize their thoughts via storyboarding; and got good overall reaction from the students. (BEW) The Impact Of Integrating Visuals In An Elementary Creative Writing Process U.S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OtticeviEtuicat.ndiFteseaichandimwovmom EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) O This document nas been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated irt this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy by Margaret Bailey, Mary O'Grady-Jones, Lynda McGown 16. sad What is the use of a book," thought Alice, *without pictures. Lewis Carroll Alice's Advennires In Wonderland
Four New Bisabolane-type Sesquiterpenes from Ligularia Lankongensis

The chemical constituents of the roots of two Ligularia lankongensis samples collected in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces, China, were investigated, together with the DNA sequence of the atpB-rbcL and ITS regions. Four new highly oxygenated bisabolane-type sesquiterpenes (1 – 4) were obtained. Intraspecific diversity in the DNA sequence was found to be limited.