Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of cancer/testis antigens in cutaneous T cell lymphomas

Cancer/testis‐antigens (CTA), a novel and expanding family of immunogenic proteins detected by serological screening of recombinant cDNA expression libraries, encompass promising candidate targets for T‐cell based immunotherapy. We screened kryo‐preserved tissue of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL, n=36) such as mycosis fungoides (MF, n=17), pleomorphic cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (n=8) and Sezary's syndrome (SS, n= 11) as well as a non‐malignant entity (small plaques parapsoriasis, SPP, n=5), for the expression of CTA by RT‐PCR and Northern blot hybridization. From a panel of eleven CTA (MAGE‐1, MAGE‐C1, MAGE‐3, BAGE, GAGE, SSX‐1, SSX‐2, SSX4, SCP‐1, NY‐ESO‐1 and TS85) (HOM‐Tes‐85), mRNA expression could be detected for SCP‐1 in 8/17 MF and 6/8 pleomorphic CTCL patients but was completely absent in small plaques parapsoriasis. SS patients had a more heterogeneous antigen expression pattern: Gage (1/11), MAGE‐1 (3/11), MAGE‐3 (6/11), MAGE‐C1 (5/11), NY‐ESO‐1 (7/11) and TS85 (5/11), with expression of MAGE‐3 confirmed by immunohistochemistry. CTA could provide defined targets for antigen‐based vaccination in a high percentage of cases with CTCL. SCP‐1 might serve as an additional diagnostic indicator in early and clinically indistinct lesions suspicious for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The electron velocity-field characteristic for n-In0.53Ga0.47As at 300 K

Electron drift velocities in n-type In<inf>0.53</inf>Ga<inf>0.47</inf>As have been measured at 300 K using a microwave time-of-flight technique at electric field strengths from about 10 kV/cm to 104 kV/cm. The electron velocity-field characteristic for n-type In<inf>0.53</inf>Ga<inf>0.47</inf>As exhibits a larger negative differential mobility and a lower high field velocity than is obtained with GaAs.
Errors in the use of medication dosage equations.

BACKGROUND Calculation errors in prescribing are a well-recognized problem; however, no systematic studies of actual errors involving calculation or other errors in the use of drug dosage equations are available. OBJECTIVE To characterize the nature and potential adverse consequences of actual prescribing errors involving dosage equations. DESIGN Analysis of the characteristics of 200 consecutive prescribing errors with potentially adverse outcomes involving dosage equations. SETTING Tertiary care teaching hospital. MEASUREMENTS Potential adverse outcomes, prescribing service, medication class, and the process point at which the error was made. RESULTS Errors most commonly involved children (69.5%) and antibiotics (53.5%). Forty-two percent of errors were considered to put the patient at risk for a serious or severe preventable adverse outcome. Errors in decimal point placement, mathematical calculation, or expression of dosage regimen accounted for 59.5% of dosage errors. The dosage equation was wrong in 29.5% of dosage errors. CONCLUSIONS The use of equations to determine medication dosages presents considerable risk to patients for errant dosing and subsequent adverse events or therapeutic failure. Errors may occur in any component of a dosage equation. Health care organizations should implement procedures to reduce the risk for errors resulting from the use of dosage equations.
American College of Chest Physicians consensus statement on the use of topical anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation during flexible bronchoscopy in adult patients.

BACKGROUND Optimal performance of bronchoscopy requires patient's comfort, physician's ease of execution, and minimal risk. There is currently a wide variation in the use of topical anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation during bronchoscopy. METHODS A panel of experts was convened by the American College of Chest Physicians Interventional/Chest Diagnostic Network. A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE from 1969 to 2009, and consensus was reached by the panel members after a comprehensive review of the data. Randomized controlled trials and prospective studies were given highest priority in building the consensus. RESULTS In the absence of contraindications, topical anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation are suggested in all patients undergoing bronchoscopy because of enhanced patient tolerance and satisfaction. Robust data suggest that anticholinergic agents, when administered prebronchoscopy, do not produce a clinically meaningful effect, and their use is discouraged. Lidocaine is the preferred topical anesthetic for bronchoscopy, given its short half life and wide margin of safety. The use of a combination of benzodiazepines and opiates is suggested because of their synergistic effects on patient tolerance during the procedure and the added antitussive properties of opioids. Propofol is an effective agent for sedation in bronchoscopy and can achieve similar sedation, amnesia, and patient tolerance when compared with the combined administration of benzodiazepines and opiates. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that all physicians performing bronchoscopy consider using topical anesthesia, analgesic and sedative agents, when feasible. The existing body of literature supports the safety and effectiveness of this approach when the proper agents are used in an appropriately selected patient population.
Curriculum mapping within an Australian master of chiropractic program: Congruence between published evidence for chiropractic and student assessment tasks.

OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine congruence between student assessment tasks within the master of chiropractic curriculum at Macquarie University and 2 separate but related domains: (1) disorders commonly presenting to chiropractors and (2) musculoskeletal conditions for which there is published evidence that chiropractic treatment is effective. METHODS A literature review was undertaken to determine which musculoskeletal disorders commonly present to chiropractors and the conditions for which there is published evidence that chiropractic treatment is effective. These 2 domains were then mapped to the assessment tasks within the curriculum and analyzed. The proportion of time allocated to theory versus skill acquisition was also determined. RESULTS Assessment tasks within the curriculum specifically focus on low back pain, neck pain, lower extremity pain, thoracic pain, and adhesive capsulitis. This curriculum mapping demonstrates congruence between the student assessment tasks and published evidence for chiropractic. The assessments also contain an appropriate balance between theory and skills acquisition. CONCLUSION There is congruence between the assessment tasks within the curriculum and the 2 domains against which it was mapped. Thus, completion of the curriculum provides training relevant to conditions that commonly present to chiropractors and musculoskeletal conditions for which chiropractic treatment is effective.
Psychopathy, platelet MAO activity and criminality among former juvenile delinquents

Psychopathy‐related personality traits as well as platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and criminality from the age of 15 years were studied in a group of 68 male former juvenile delinquents and 32 control subjects. The former juvenile delinquents registered for crime as adults were found to have higher Psychopathy Check List (PCL) scores and lower platelet MA0 activity than either juvenile delinquents who were not registered criminals from the age of 15 years or non‐criminal controls. Although PCL scores and platelet MAO activity were unrelated, a configural frequency analysis showed a significant interaction. Individuals with PCL scores, low platelet MAO activity and persistent criminal behaviour constituted a significant ‘type’. Among the 27 former juvenile delinquents who developed persistent criminality, 21 subjects (78%) had PCL scores greater than 0 and low platelet MAO activity, while none of these persistent criminals were characterized by a combination of zero PCL score and high platelet MAO activity.
Relationship between ultrastructure and receptor content of human primary breast cancer

The ultrastructure of 47 primary breast cancers was studied. For each tumour, the characteristics of approximately 200 malignant cells were examined. Eleven features were scored from 1 to 3 and multivariate analysis showed that seven of these could be used to define an ultrastructural index of differentiation. Differentiation at the ultrastructural level was associated with the presence of steroid receptors. Differentiated tumoral cells contained oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor in 81.8% and 66.7% of cases, respectively. Poorly differentiated cells contained oestrogen receptors in 50% and progesterone receptor in 14.3% of cases. Comparison of histological grading by the method described by Scarff, Bloom & Richardson with the ultrastructural index of differentiation showed a rather loose correlation which was not significant in this group of 47 patients. The authors conclude that differentiation at tissue or cellular levels yields differing information, only the latter being closely correlated with steroid receptor presence.
4–1BB (CD137) controls the clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells in vivo but does not contribute to the development of cytotoxicity

4–1BB is expressed on activated T cells. We analyzed the role of 4–1BB during the CD8 T cell response of OT‐I TCR‐transgenic T cells to ovalbumin. In vitro, blocking 4–1BB during peptide presentation reduced proliferation of naive CD8 T cells, but did not affect the generation of CTL. Using an in vivo adoptive transfer model, clonal expansion of CD8 T cells to whole protein in adjuvant was significantly reduced when 4–1BB was blocked, with 50–70% fewer CD8 T cells accumulating. This was due to a reduction in T cell division and to enhanced apoptosis of CD8 T cellsthat had undergone many divisions. T cells generated in the absence of 4–1BB were impaired in their ability to secrete IFN‐γ whereas CTL activity of the T cells that survived was unaffected. These findings demonstrate that 4–1BB contributes to clonal expansion, survival, and development of Tc1 cells when protein antigen is encountered by primary CD8 T cells in an inflammatory environment in vivo.
Big Data Categorization for Arabic Text Using Latent Semantic Indexing and Clustering

 Abstract — Documents categorization is an important field in the area of natural language processing. In this paper, we propose using Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), singular value decomposing (SVD) method, and clustering techniques to group similar unlabeled document into pre-specified number of topics. The generated groups are then categorized using a suitable label. For clustering, we used Expectation–Maximization (EM), Self-Organizing Map (SOM), and K-Means algorithms. In our experiments, we use a corpus that contains 1 000 documents of ten topics (100 document for each topic. The results show that using LSI and clustering techniques for Arabic text categorization achieves good performance. The results show that EM clustering method outperforms other investigated clustering methods with an average categorization accuracy of 89%.
Pull-through oropharyngectomy in advanced stage malignant tumours

Abstract Surgery is the first therapeutic option in extensive oropharyngeal carcinomas. An operation to treat these tumours is described, based on the hemiglossopelvectomy without mandibulectomy technique. Tumours located in the oropharynx are resected downwards by a modified pull-through approach, performing the resection of the oropharyngeal tumour in monoblock with the ipsilateral neck dissection, avoiding any action upon the mandible. The operation has been performed in 14 consecutive patients. By avoiding either mandibulotomy or mandibulectomy, morbidity and post-operative recovery are improved.
Oncology End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium training program: improving palliative care in cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To describe an evaluation of the oncology version of the End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC-Oncology) training program, which is designed to provide oncology nurses with the knowledge and materials necessary to disseminate palliative care information to their colleagues in local chapters of the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS). DATA SOURCES Participant reports. DATA SYNTHESIS 124 nurses representing 74 ONS chapters attended the first two courses. Dyads of ONS members from local chapters applied to attend ELNEC and completed surveys regarding their goals and expectations for implementing end-of-life (EOL) education and training after completion of the program. Participants educated more than 26,000 nurses after attending the program, including 7,593 nurses within their ONS chapters and 18,517 colleagues within their workplaces. Barriers to implementation included a lack of funding and time constraints. Participants sought additional palliative care learning opportunities, including attending other workshops, subscribing to palliative care journals, and becoming involved in committees focused on palliative care. CONCLUSION The ELNEC-Oncology program is a national collaboration with ONS that provides oncology nurses with the tools and expertise to effectively disseminate palliative care content to colleagues within their local chapters and work settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING EOL care information remains critical to the science of oncology nursing, and ELNEC-Oncology provides an effective strategy for disseminating the information.
Language behavior in psychoneurotic patients.

THE FORMAL linguistic categories grammar and syntax seem at first sight remote from psychological significance. Psychiatric literature contains relatively few studies of this aspect of language. The reason lies partly in the fact that psychiatrists are especially schooled to look beyond and through words to the things for which they stand. Yet there has long been an awareness that this formal dimension of language, apart from content, is capable of giving certain kinds of information about habits of thought and feeling. Comparative language studies lend support to this view. In peoples in whom the mental set differs from ours, grammatical categories of a different order dominate the speech pattern. In the Mayan tongue1the leading idea is the purposiveness and use of things, in contrast to our own emphasis upon a relation between things. Our language mirrors this "mental set" in the primacy of subject-predicate relationships, whereas the Mayan
Measuring User Participation, User Involvement, and User Attitude

Defining user participation as the activities performed by users during systems development, user involvement as the importance and personal relevance of a system to its user, and user attitude as the affective evaluation of a system by the user, this study aims to: (1) develop separate measures of user participation, user involvement, and user attitude, (2) identify key dimensions of each construct, and (3) investigate the relationships among them. Responses from users in organizations developing new information systems were used to create an overall scale measuring user participation (along with three subscales reflecting the dimensions of responsibility, user-IS relationship, and hands-on activities), an overall scale measuring user involvement (along with two subscales reflecting the dimensions of importance and personal relevance), and a scale measuring user attitude. Analysis of the data provides evidence for the reliability and validity of the three constructs and their dimensions. User participation has long been considered a key variable in the successful development of information systems. However, past research has failed to clearly demonstrate its benefits. The measures developed in this study provide a useful starting point for deciphering the precise nature of the relationship among user participation, involvement, and attitude during systems implementation.
Efficacy of Multidisciplinary Treatment for Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Prospective Clinical Study in 395 Patients

BackgroundThe effectiveness of multidisciplinary treatment programs varies throughout the literature, and it remains controversial how therapy outcome is affected by patients’ individual parameters and which treatment settings work best. ObjectivesWe set out to examine the impact of patient variables on the effectiveness of a 3-week multidisciplinary treatment program in patients with chronic low back pain. By presenting effect sizes, we aimed to enable the comparison of our findings with other studies across disciplines. MethodsData on 395 patients were prospectively collected at study entry, at the end of the program (T1) and after 6 months’ follow-up (T2). Relevant therapy outcomes were analyzed by presenting effect sizes with Cohen’s d. Group comparisons were performed for sociodemographic and clinical features to determine the impact on therapy outcome. ResultsMedium effect sizes (d = −0.6 to −0.7) were shown for visual analog scale (VAS) after treatment and at T2, indicating clinically relevant pain relief. Significant changes in pain-related disability were observed immediately at T1 with a strong treatment effect (d = 0.8). Functional capacity was improved with low to medium effect sizes (0.4–0.5). Quality-of-life subscales (36-item Short Form Health Survey) improved significantly at T1 for physical function, vitality, and mental health (d = 0.5–0.8). Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale scores improved significantly with strong effect sizes of d = 0.7. Sociodemographic parameters displayed a significant impact on effect sizes for visual analog scale at T2, with females (d = −0.9), age group 30 to 39 years (d = −1), and patients with low physical job exposure (d = −0.9) benefiting most. An increase in number of pain locations (−0.7) and severity of accompanying pain (−0.7) in other body areas significantly impaired therapy outcome and effect sizes of VAS. ConclusionsThus, multidisciplinary treatment ameliorates pain, functional restoration, and quality of life with medium to high effect sizes even for patients with a long history of chronic back pain. Effect sizes are higher than for monodisciplinary treatments and treatment effects remained stable at 6-month follow-up in a longitudinal uncontrolled study design. Thus, we believe that multidisciplinary treatment is vital for the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. The impact of sociodemographic and pain-related parameters needs to be taken into account when including patients in an appropriate treatment program. We emphasize the presentation of effect sizes as a vital treatment evaluation to enable cross-sectional comparison of therapy outcomes.
N-Acetylcysteine as an Adjunct to Risperidone for Treatment of Negative Symptoms in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

ObjectivesDespite the burden of negative symptoms on quality of life in schizophrenic patients, no completely effective treatment has been developed to address such symptoms yet. Abnormalities in oxidative stress pathways have been recently demonstrated to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and a growing interest in antioxidant agents is emerging for targeting negative symptoms of schizophrenia. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a potent antioxidant with neuroprotective properties. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of NAC as an adjunct to risperidone in treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Materials and MethodsIn this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, 42 patients with chronic schizophrenia and a score of 20 or greater on the negative subscale of positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) were enrolled in the active phase of their illness. The participants were equally randomized to receive NAC (up to 2 g/d) or placebo, in addition to risperidone (up to 6 mg/d) for 8 weeks. The participants were rated using PANSS every 2 weeks, and the decrease of PANSS negative subscale score was considered as our primary outcome. ResultsBy the study end point, NAC-treated patients showed significantly greater improvement in the PANSS total (P = 0.006) and negative subscale (P < 0.001) scores than that in the placebo group, but this difference was not significant for positive and general psychopathology subscales. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the frequency of adverse effects. ConclusionsNAC add-on therapy showed to be a safe and effective augmentative strategy for alleviating negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Parental Perception of the Teaching of Sex Education to Adolescent in Secondary School in Cross River State , Nigeria

This study was an ex-post facto research, design to determine parental perception of the teaching of introducing sex education to adolescents in secondary schools in Cross River State, as the area of study. Two null hypotheses were formulated on the basis of the identified major independent variables of nature of parental perception and parental literacy status. A 15-item questionnaire was developed, validated and tested for reliability. It was then administered to 400 respondents (parents – 200 male, 200 female) from 20 churches in the entire state (7 churches from central, 7 from south and 6 from north senatorial districts). The sample was selected by stratified cluster and simple random procedure. Data was analysed using the independent t-test. Results revealed that parental perception of the teaching of sex education to adolescents in secondary schools is significantly negative; no significant difference exists between literate and illiterate parents in their perception of the teaching of sex education to adolescents in secondary schools. It was concluded that parental perception of the teaching of sex education to adolescents in secondary schools is generally negative in Cross River State. Some recommendations were enhanced as the way forward.
Economic evaluation of a pit and fissure dental sealant and fluoride mouthrinsing program in two nonfluoridated regions of Victoria, Australia.

OBJECTIVES This study assessed the cost effectiveness of a three-year school-based pit and fissure dental sealant and fluoride mouthrinsing program in two nonfluoridated regions in Victoria, Australia. METHODS The analysis was based on a community intervention in five schools comparing an intervention group receiving the pit and fissure dental sealant, a weekly fluoride mouthrinsing, and an annual oral hygiene education session, with a control group receiving oral hygiene education only. The study measured mean differences in DMFS increments between study groups. RESULTS The mean discounted DMFS difference in increment (DMFS avoided) between study groups was 1.22 DMFS over three years. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio comparing intervention to control group varied between a net savings of $7.00 to a cost of $35.60 per DMFS avoided, depending on assumptions used in the analysis. Results were sensitive to assumptions on program effectiveness, dental examination rates, and baseline DMFS of students. The program became more cost effective with each successive year of the program. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of such a preventive program in nonfluoridated regions of Victoria will represent an efficient use of community resources. Policy issues that need consideration include whether to target areas where adolescents have a history of high dental disease experience, and whether dentists or auxiliaries are used as service providers. The need exists for a systematic evaluation (including an economic evaluation component) of dental prevention and treatment programs in Australia.