Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pectin Lyase Enzyme on Fermentation and Drying of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.): An Alternative to Improve Raw Material in the Industry of Chocolate

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao), in all its presentations, is consumed all over the world and is one of the main drivers of the economic in several countries. The world’s Cocoa tendency is focused on developing special beans. This category is subject to postharvest processes of utmost importance such as the fermentation and dry, which are currently carried out with traditional and poorly effective devices, which need to be improved to obtain a high quality product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the pectin lyase enzyme (E.C.4.2.2.10) on the postharvest cocoa process. We evaluated the enzyme dosage (1.0% and 0.5%) in fermentation and its effect on the variables temperature, acidity and drying time by convection at 60°C. The Pectin lyase activity during fermentation does not cause a significant effect on the variables of temperature and acidity; however, the drying process time required to achieve 7.0% moisture was reduced. The enzyme dosage of 1.0% was the best result, the amount of exudate obtained (115 ml) during fermentation and the best degree of fermentation (77% ± 3.8) were increased and further shows a change in porosity facilitating the scale surface and internal moisture diffusion. The drying rate (Nw) expressed in kgwater/m2 * min was determined based on the empirical model of Newton, where the higher speed was obtained during the falling period. In conclusion, enzyme dosage 1% was the best concentration evaluated because weaken grain husk, which allowed an adequate fermentation,and subsequent time drying reduction until 10.8 h.
Otitis media causes and management

Otitis media (OM) is a group of inflammatory and complex infective conditions that affect the middle ear. They can be classified as many subtypes based on the differences in presentation, treatment, and associated complications. OM is a major cause of health care visits across the world, and its complications are significant causes of preventable hearing loss, predominantly in the developing world. In this article we will discuss updates on recent scientific developments in the field of OM clinical management and research.
Who Gains from Whom?: Spillovers, Competition and Technology Sourcing in the Foreign-Owned Sector of UK Manufacturing

There is a growing literature explaining foreign direct investment flows in terms of 'technology sourcing', whereby multinational firms invest in certain locations not to exploit their firm-specific assets in the host environment, but to access technology that is generated by host country firms. However, it is far from clear whether the literature has found significant evidence of such activity beyond a few isolated examples. This paper extends this work by allowing for the possibility of multinational enterprises (MNEs) sourcing technology not only from host country firms but also from each other within a host economy. The paper demonstrates that MNEs in the UK do indeed appropriate spillovers both from indigenous firms and from other foreign investors, but that there are also significant competition effects that act to reduce productivity in certain industries. The paper also explores which countries' affiliates gain most from technology sourcing in the UK, and which generate the greatest spillovers within the foreign-owned sector. © Scottish Economic Society 2005.
The Effect of a Period of Regular Moderate- Intensity Physical Activity on Sleep Quality in Non-Active Elderly Men

Goals: the aging period is a sensitive and damaging period due to physiological and psychological changes. The entrance to the aging period adds to the sensitivity of this period due to emotional deprivations, the increasing of sense of dependency and no role in life. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a period of regular moderate-intensity physical activity on sleep quality in non active elderly men.
The importance of habitat mosaics for Orthoptera (Caelifera and Ensifera) in dry heathlands

In summer 2008, the Orthopteran species Chorthippus biguttulus, Myrmeleotettix maculatus (Caelifera), Decticus verru- civorus and Platycleis albopunctata (Ensifera) were sampled in coastal heathland on the German Baltic Sea island of Hiddensee. The aim of this study was to assess differences in abundance of Orthoptera in three different habitats and determine the importance of habitat mosaics. Distribution patterns varied among species and total abundance of Orthoptera differed significantly among the three habitats. Due to species-specific habitat preferences the Caelifera were most abundant in grey dunes and the Ensifera in dwarf-shrub heath adjoining grey dunes. In conclusion, grey dunes are a suitable habitat for the Caelifera studied, while the Ensifera require a heathland mosaic consisting of both grey dunes and dwarf shrub vegetation.
A new Desmodillus (Gerbillinae, Rodentia) species from the early Pliocene site of Langebaanweg (South-western Cape, South Africa)

aMNHN, Institute of Systematics and Evolution of the biodiversity (UMR7205 CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-EPHE-Sorbonne University), 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France bIziko Museums of South Africa, 25 Queen Victoria Street, Cape Town 8000, South Africa cDST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences, Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050 * Corresponding author: denys@mnhn.fr
In-plane vibration modal analysis of heavy-loaded radial tire with a larger flat ratio

Experimental modal analysis, dynamic modeling and parameter identification is employed to investigate the in-plane vibration modal characteristic of a heavy-loaded radial tire with a larger flat ratio. In-plane vibration characteristic of heavy-loaded radial tire is modeled as flexible beam on modified elastic foundation model and flexible tread and distributed sidewall are respectively modeled as the Euler beam and distributed mass element with sectional stiffness. Analytic relationship between the modal resonant frequency and the structural parameters is solved and derived with modal expansion method. The in-plane coupling modal between the flexible tread and sidewall is investigated experimentally. The unknown structural parameters are identified by the genetic algorithm based on the experimental and analytical modal parameter. The higher order modal frequency is predicted with the identified structural parameters and the influence of structural parameters on the modal parameters is compared. Experimental and theoretical result shows that: the experimental modal analysis and theoretical modeling method with the coupling feature of flexible tread, distributed sidewall and rim can accurately characterize the in-plane vibration feature of heavy-loaded radial tire within the frequency band of 300 Hz, compared with the method which only considers the flexible feature of tread and is limited to 180 Hz.
Effects of Motor Development Stimulation on Anthropometric Indices of Infants Aged 1-12 Months in Foster Care Homes

Background: The first three years of life have a pivotal role in growth and development of infants. Extra-uterine environment largely affects brain development of infants during the first year of life. However, no specific programs are available for brain development stimulation in foster homes. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of motor development stimulation package on anthropometric indices of infants staying in foster homes. Method: This experimental study was conducted on 50 infants aged 1-12 months at Ali Asghar foster home of Mashhad, Iran in 2013. Infants were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=25) and control (n=25). Motor development stimulation packages were used for intervention group three times a week for eight consecutive weeks (24 sessions, two hours each). Anthropometric indices of infants were evaluated using standard instruments before and after intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V.11. 5 using independent T-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: In this study, mean age of infants in intervention and control groups was 6.04±3.48 and 4.3±3.70 months, respectively. In total, 68% of infants were male, and 32% were female. After intervention, Mann-Whitney test results showed no statistically significant difference in height (P=0.47) and head circumference (P=0.11) of infants between the groups. However, independent T- test showed a statistically significant difference in body weight of infants (P=0.007) between the groups after intervention with the stimulation care package. Implications for Practice: According to the results of this study, use of evidence-based motor development stimulation package for eight weeks resulted in increased weight of infants, while it had no effect on height and head circumference. Therefore, it is recommended that complementary studies be conducted in this regard.
New Miocene Sulid Birds from Peru and Considerations on their Neogene Fossil Record in the Eastern Pacific Ocean

Boobies and gannets (family Sulidae) are the most specialized plunge divers among seabirds. Their fossil record along the Pacific coast of South America extends to the early Middle Miocene. Here we describe three new species of sulids: Sula brandi sp. nov., Sula figueroae sp. nov., and Ramphastosula aguirrei sp. nov., from the early Late Miocene of the Pisco Formation (Peru). Two of them are relatives of the living genus Sula, which represents medium and large-sized boobies. A new species of the extinct genus Ramphastosula is also described, adding to the discussion of possible alternative feeding strategies among sulids. The fossil record suggests that sympatric sulids exhibit different body sizes at least since the Oligocene epoch, a strategy related with resource partitioning. Furthermore, we find current analysis and knowledge of the fossil record unsuitable to evaluate properly seabird diversity changes through time.
Dark energy: The cosmological challenge of the millennium

Recent cosmological observations suggest that nearly seventy per cent of the energy density in the universe is unclustered and has negative pressure. Several conceptual issues related to the modelling of this component ('dark energy'), which is driving an accelerated expansion of the universe, are reviewed with special emphasis on the cosmological constant as the possible choice for the dark energy.
The 'New Politics' of the Bismarckian Welfare State: Pension Reforms in Continental Europe

How do veto-heavy European welfare systems engage in reform? In this paper we analyse the pension policy reform process in four Bismarckian welfare states France, Germany, Italy and Spain against the background of recent theorizing about the scope and nature of welfare reform. We develop the notion of a ‘double trade-off’ – involving both politics and policy to illustrate how governments manage to push forward and succeed with reforms despite the opposition of strong vested interests. In the process, we also reach a number of conclusions about recent theoretical understandings of reform in continental Europe, including both reform processes and the nature of their outcomes.
Sex during menstruation: Race, sexual identity, and women’s accounts of pleasure and disgust

While much research has addressed negativity surrounding women’s menstruation, surprisingly little research has interrogated the relationship between menstruation and sexuality. This study used inductive thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with 40 women across a range of age, race and sexual orientation backgrounds to examine women’s experiences with sex during menstruation. Results showed that, while 25 women described negative reactions — and two described neutral reactions — 13 women described positive reactions to menstrual sex. Negative responses cohered around four themes: women’s discomfort and physical labor to clean ‘messes’, overt partner discomfort, negative self-perception and emotional labor to manage partner’s disgust. Positive responses cohered around two themes: physical and emotional pleasure from sex while menstruating, and rebellion against anti-menstrual attitudes. Notable race and sexual identity differences appeared, as white women and bisexual or lesbian-identified women described positive feelings about menstrual sex more than women of color or heterosexual women. Bisexual women with male partners described more positive reactions to menstrual sex than did heterosexual women with male partners, implying that heterosexual identity related to negative menstrual sex attitudes more than heterosexual behavior. Those with positive menstrual sex attitudes also enjoyed masturbation more than others. Implications for sexual identity and racial identity informing body practices, partner choice affecting women’s body affirmation, and women’s resistance against common cultural ideas about women’s bodies as ‘disgusting’ were addressed.
The Impact of Rewards & Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) On Employee Motivation

After a long period of research on this topic, motivating employees and retaining them is still a threatening challenge for organizations. The study aims to analyze impact of rewards and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee’s motivation in Pakistan. This study specifically examines the relationship between intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards, internal CSR, external CSR (customer related), external CSR (local communities related), external CSR (business partner related) and employee motivation. It also examines relationship between employee motivation and organizational commitment. Employees of Bahawalpur and Rahim yar khan are the sample of this research. Sample size of 150 respondents was used and data collected through self administered questionnaire which was analyzed in SPSS 16 using regression technique. The result depicts that there is significant relationships between extrinsic rewards, external CSR (local communities), external CSR (business partner) and employee motivation and there is also significant relationship between employee motivation and organizational commitment. Management should focus on extrinsic rewards, external CSR (local communities & business partner related) to motivate employees for organizational commitment.
Compatibility of pesticides with the generalist predatory mite Amblyseius largoensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of synthetic and alternative pesticides to an important natural enemy associated with pest mites in citrus orchards, in Sao Luis Maranhao State, Brazil: the generalist predatory mite Amblyseius largoensis. The pesticides tested were abamectin, mineral oil, mancozeb, pyridaben, neem oil (Azadiractha indica) and crude cottonseed oil (Gossypiumspp.). Compatibility of pesticides to A. largoensiswas assessed as to adverse effects on mortality and fertility as well as to interference with growth rate. Overall, the results of adverse effects and growth rate were corroborative. Mancozeb, mineral oil and neem oil were classified as slightly harmful while the cotton oil and abamectin were classified as moderately harmful and pyridaben was considered harmful. The growth rate of A. largoensisfemales exposed to mancozeb, mineral oil, neem oil and cotton oil was positive indicating population growth. We conclude that neem oil, mineral oil and mancozeb are compatible with A. largoensisas they were less harmful to this predator.
Bases of Upper Cretaceous octocorals from Poland

The bases of octocorals have so far been only very rarely described in world literature. The knowledge of these fossils is mostly due to Nielsen (1913, 1917, 1918, 1925, 1937) who described the Octocorallia from the Cretaceous deposits of Denmark. The Cretaceous octocorals were also the subject dealt with by Voigt (1958) who described several Danian-Montian sp ecies from the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, and German Lowlands. The bases of the Cretaceous Octocorallia most frequently overgrow various fossils such as pelecypods, belemnites and echinoids (in particular the carapaces of the Echinocorys and Micras ter). Their coralla are lacking. The materials which the present writer had to his disposal come from the Lower Campanian deposits of the environs of Cracow and were collected at the localities Mydlniki , Zabierz6 w, Korzkiew, Michalowice, Michalowice-Zerwana, Wola Wi eclawska, Bibice, Witkowice, Raciborowice. The representatives of four octocoral families, the Clavulariidae, Primoidae, Isididae and Virgulariidae, together with a certain number of bases which could not be assigned to any of these families, were found among these materials. Well preserved bases of octocorals of this assemblage probably
Effect of MON 810 Cultivation and Prevention to Adventitious Presence in Non-GM Fields: A Case Study in Slovakia

Mihalcik P., Hrckova K. , Singer M. , Plackova A. , Kraic J. (2012): Effect of MON 810 cultivation and prevention to adventitious presence in non-GM fields: A case study in Slovakia. Plant Protect. Sci., 48 (Special Issue): S11–S17. The efficiency of border rows to prevent the adventitious presence of GM maize in non-GM maize plots was evaluated as well as the effect of the MON 810 maize of the yield and self-protection against the European corn borer. The GM maize MON 810 event was drilled at 3 locations over the Slovakia and the grain samples were collected from the neighbouring conventional maize fields. The data obtained by Real-Time PCR indicate that coexistence between GM and conventional maize is feasible and the isolation distance of 200 m (respectively 100 border rows of conventional maize) separates GM maize from the conventional one more than sufficiently. The effective isolation distance is 3–4 times greater than the actually needed. The MON 810 revealed also the highest yield and the best self-protection against European corn borer in both growing seasons with different climatic conditions.
Data Mining Model for Predicting Student Enrolment in STEM Courses in Higher Education Institutions

: Educational data mining is the process of applying data mining tools and techniques to analyze data at educational institutions. In this paper, educational data mining was used to predict enrollment of students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) courses in higher educational institutions. The study examined the extent to which individual, socio-demographic and school-level contextual factors help in pre-identifying successful and unsuccessful students in enrollment in STEM disciplines in Higher Education Institutions in Kenya. The Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining framework was applied to a dataset drawn from the first, second and third year undergraduate female students enrolled in STEM disciplines in one University in Kenya to model student enrollment. Feature selection was used to rank the predictor variables by their importance for further analysis. Various predictive algorithms were evaluated in predicting enrollment of students in STEM courses. Empirical results showed the following: (i) the most important factors separating successful from unsuccessful students are: High School final grade, teacher inspiration, career flexibility, pre-university awareness and mathematics grade. (ii) among classification algorithms for prediction, decision tree (CART) was the most successful classifier with an overall percentage of correct classification of 85.2%. This paper showcases the importance of Prediction and Classification based data mining algorithms in the field of education and also presents some promising future lines.
Does Performance Information Affect Job Seekers in Selecting Private Providers in Voucher-Based Almp Programs?

One of the services provided at the Swedish Public Employment Services is job coaching. Since 2012, that service has been organized according to a voucher-based choice system. In 2013, a performance indicator of job coaching providers was made available at an online website. This study examines to what extent such information affected job coaches' ability to attract participants, as well as how the use of provider ratings varied across different groups of participants. The results indicate that the performance indicator strengthened the positive link between "quality" of services and the number of new participants that signed up with a provider. At the same time, there is evidence showing that more vulnerable groups, such as the less educated and those born outside Europe, do not use the rating values to the same extent as others. It appears that there is a tradeoff as to efficiency and inequality with respect to services that are contracted to private companies in a system based on consumer choice.
Modulatory effect of aerobic training on some inflammatory profile indicators in obese females

Introduction: It is widely accepted that low grade systemic inflammation plays a key role in obesity and related diseases and metabolic syndrome. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training intervention on CRP and IL-10 in adult obese females. Methods: Thirty adult obese women (30≤BMI≤36) aged 30 to 40 years were randomly assigned to exercise (3 months aerobic training, 3 time per week at 60-75% of maximum heart rate, n=15) and control (no training, n=15). At baseline and after 3 months, anthropometrical indexes as well fasting serum IL-10 and CRP were assessed in 2 groups. Inter and intra-group changes were analyzed by independent and paired sample T test. P<0.05 was considered statistically signigcant. Results: After the 3 months of aerobic intervention, a significant decrease were observed in BMI, abdominal circumference, body weight, body fat (%) and visceral fat of exercise subjects (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in all variables between 2 groups at baseline (P>0.05). Aerobic intervention resulted in significant increase in serum IL-10 (from 14.79±3.04 to 17.79±3 pg/ml, P=0.001) and decrease in CRP (from 5670±1971 to 3848±1092 ng/ml, P=0.002). All variables remained no change in control subjects (P>0.05). Conclusion: With emphasis on IL-10 and CRP, long-term aerobic training can be considered as a anti-inflammatory treatment in sedentary obese females.
Buildability Factors Influencing Formwork Labour Productivity of Walls

Abstract Several factors affect construction labour productivity, but one of the most important is buildability. Despite the plethora of research into labour productivity, a thorough examination of the literature revealed a dearth of research into the influence of buildability factors on the labour productivity of in situ reinforced concrete construction. Since walls form major parts of many reinforced concrete structures; especially slab-wall structural configurations, the objective of this research is to investigate the influence of the wall surface area and perimeter geometry on formwork labour efficiency. To achieve this objective, a sufficiently large volume of formwork productivity data were collected and analyzed using the multiple regression method. As a result, the effects and relative influence of the shutter surface area and the number of angles formed along the wall perimeter on formwork labour productivity were determined. The results obtained show significant influence of the factors investigated on the efficiency of the formwork operation that can be used to provide designers with feedback on how well their designs consider buildability, and the tangible consequences of their decisions on labour productivity. On the other hand, the findings provide guidance to construction managers for effective activity planning and efficient labour utilization.
Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Entrepreneurial Education Matter in Pakistan?

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial education. Data were collected with the help of a structure questionnaire; a total 595 responses were collected back. SmartPLS was used to test the hypothesized relationship. The findings showed that entrepreneurial intentions are strongly and positively related to entrepreneurial education.