Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Housing Choice Under Borrowing Constraints

ABSTRACT A dramatic decline in the maximum loan amount eligible for Federal Housing Administration (FHA) mortgage insurance in the Salt Lake City, Utah, metropolitan statistical area between 2013 and 2014 provides a natural experiment in the impact of borrowing constraints on housing decisions. Using a difference-in-differences design within a seemingly unrelated regression model, we estimate the impact of this constraint on the size and location of homes purchased by FHA borrowers. We find that borrowers likely constrained by the new loan limits purchased smaller homes with larger downpayments than similar borrowers prior to the loan limit decline. Likely constrained borrowers do not appear to compromise on location, including the quality of local schools. The net effect of the housing choices compelled by the reduction in loan limits does not appear to change the credit risk of borrowers.
Regional inequalities in the impact of broadband on productivity: Evidence from Brazil

The aim of this paper is to perform an analysis of the impact of broadband on regional productivity in Brazil. The possibility of performing a regional approach, instead of the usual country-level analysis, constitutes an opportunity to decode the economic impact of broadband at territories which share a common institutional and regulatory framework as are the regions inside a same country. The main focus of this paper is to find out if the economic impact of broadband is uniform across all territories of the country. Results suggest that the impact of broadband on productivity is not uniform across regions, and seems to be yielding higher productivity gains for less developed regions, a result which is robust after controlling for differences in quality, network effects, human capital, sectorial composition, urbanism and the age of the workforce. Another important result verified in this paper is that faster download speed and critical mass to account for network externalities enhance of the economic impact of broadband. The fact that most underdeveloped regions in Brazil seem to be benefiting more from broadband may suggest that broadband can constitute a factor favoring regional cohesion in Brazil, although further research will be needed to confirm that asseveration.
R2-based Diversification and Incentives of Banks

In this study, we find that the banks with high degree of risk diversification, and therefore, which are presumed to have low probability of bankruptcy and for which the market discipline of being imposed higher cost of capital (or, mainly deposit interest rate) with the increase in risk taking is not efficiently imposed, tend to have the moral-hazard incentives to connect such advantages of better risk diversification to higher risk taking, especially market-related systematic risk taking to increase profit. The result of this study suggests a very important policy implication for the stability of banking industry. If advantage of risk diversification of large banks’ asset portfolio composition, following lack of creditors’ motive for surveillance of large banks’ risk-taking behavior, and following large banks’ moral hazard is an inevitably occurring phenomenon, increase of simple asset size by mergers and acquisitions without additional monitoring system for the risk-taking behavior of these large banks has a high possibility to bring about another moral hazard of large banks and cannot be expected to surely contribute to the structural stability of banking industry.
Motivational and affective determinants of self-regulatory strategy use in elementary school mathematics

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between elementary students’ reported use of self-regulatory strategies in mathematics and their motivational and affective determinants. Participants of the study were 344 fifth- and sixth-grade Greek students. Students were asked to complete self-reported measures regarding the strategies they use to self-regulate mathematics learning, their achievement goals in relation to mathematics, their self-efficacy concerning mathematics learning and achievement, the value they attribute to mathematics as a subject domain and their enjoyment of mathematics learning. Structural equation modelling confirmed a mediation model, that is, students’ mathematics self-efficacy, value beliefs about mathematics and enjoyment mediated the effects of achievement goals on reported strategy use. Results are discussed in terms of implications for elementary students’ self-regulated learning skills.
Shortcomings of Evaluation Worksheets for Scientific Art Articles in Iran Based on Merton's Science Norms

The scientific journal assessment worksheets are the most important tool for evaluating the quality of scientific papers. The purpose of this research is an objective and qualitative description of indices used in the worksheets for the evaluation of art scientific research journals in Iran and to acknowledge their shortcomings in comparison with the norms of science from the Robert King Merton's perspective. The research approach in this study is combining survey and content analysis. Statistical samples consisted of nine worksheets developed for the evaluation of specialized art journal articles with a scientific research rank. Moreover, 14 experts in the fields of Scientometrics and art were invited to provide feedback on the extent to which the evaluation criteria used in the evaluation worksheets are in conformity with Merton’s science norms. Data collection was done in two forms including library research, referring to scientific journal databases, and structured interviews. In order to uncover the existing status of the indicators from the researcher-made check list, Excel software and a questionnaire were used as research instruments. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics along with relevant tables and charts. Findings of the research show that out of the total 53 existing indicators, the index of "using sufficient and new valid sources (internal and external)" had the highest frequency (77.78%). The findings also indicated that the other 26 indicators had the lowest frequency percentage (11.11%). Moreover, these indices are consistent with the six out of seven of Merton's science norms (less than 18%). The obtained results revealed the unbalanced distribution of components and indicators of evaluation in these worksheets and their non-conformance to the norms of science, necessitating their revision.
Transformer-Based Physiological Feature Learning for Multimodal Analysis of Self-Reported Sentiment

One of the main challenges in realizing dialog systems is adapting to a user’s sentiment state in real time. Large-scale language models, such as BERT, have achieved excellent performance in sentiment estimation; however, the use of only linguistic information from user utterances in sentiment estimation still has limitations. In fact, self-reported sentiment is not necessarily expressed by user utterances. To mitigate the issue that the true sentiment state is not expressed as observable signals, psychophysiology and affective computing studies have focused on physiological signals that capture involuntary changes related to emotions. We address this problem by efficiently introducing time-series physiological signals into a state-of-the-art language model to develop an adaptive dialog system. Compared with linguistic models based on BERT representations, physiological long short-term memory (LSTM) models based on our proposed physiological signal processing method have competitive performance. Moreover, we extend our physiological signal processing method to the Transformer language model and propose the Time-series Physiological Transformer (TPTr), which captures sentiment changes based on both linguistic and physiological information. In ensemble models, our proposed methods significantly outperform the previous best result (p < 0.05).
Impact of aesthetic movie highlights on semantics and emotions: a preliminary analysis

Aesthetic highlight detection is a challenge for understanding affective processes underlying emotional movie experience. Aesthetic highlights in movies are scenes with aesthetic values and attributes in terms of form and content. Deep understanding of human emotions while watching movies and automatic recognition of emotions evoked by watching movies are critically important for a wide range of applications, such as affective content creation, analysis, and summarization. Many empirical studies on emotions have formulated theory-driven and data-driven models to uncover the underlying mechanism of emotions using discrete ad dimensional paradigms. Nevertheless, these approaches to emotions do not fully reveal all underlying processes of emotional experience. Recent neuroscience findings has led to the development of multi-process frameworks that aim to characterize emotions as a multi-componential phenomena. In particular, multi-process frameworks can be useful to study emotional movie experience. In this work, we carry out statistical analysis of the componential paradigm on emotions while watching aesthetic highlights in full-length movies. We focus on the effect of the aesthetic highlights on intensity of emotional movie experience. We explore occurrence frequency of different semantic categories involved in constructing different types of the aesthetic highlights. Moreover, we investigate the applicability of machine learning classifiers in predicting the aesthetic highlights from movie scene semantics based features.
Dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem para unidades de internação médicas e cirúrgicas no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto ¬USP

O dimensionamento de recursos humanos tem se mostrado uma ferramenta indispensavelna pratica gerencial da Enfermagem, devido a complexidade das variaveis intervenientes neste processo. O presente estudo foi realizado nas unidades medicas e cirurgicas do HCFMRP -USP com o objetivo de analisar o dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem destas unidades. (AU)
An investigation into tensile membrane action as a means of emergency load redistribution

This thesis presents a review of structural robustness in conventional (non-hardened, nongovernmental and non-military) buildings subjected to malicious actions and has also investigated the capability of tensile membrane (catenary) action as a means of emergency load redistribution in reinforced concrete (RC) framed buildings, designed in accordance with BS 8110 and Eurocode 2. Case studies and forensic data relating to the response of conventional blast damaged buildings have been investigated. Based on the conclusions drawn from this investigation a simple ranking system has been presented that identifies the level of confidence offered by various forms of direct and indirect robust design. Catenary action has been shown to be a fundamental mechanism of emergency load redistribution for which research has been relatively limited, particularly in relation to RC frame constructions. An experimental investigation has been carried out; this involved the testing to failure of a series of half scale RC strip specimens, detailed to conventional detailing practices, to investigate the large displacement behaviour and ultimate collapse resistance of laterally restrained RC floor components following the loss of intermediate column support. The results showed characteristic compressive and tensile membrane responses. However, tensile membrane action was found to provide the largest reserve of strength and to offer the highest potential as a means of emergency load redistribution. By testing specimens to outright collapse the investigation identified factors influencing catenary performance and demonstrated that the total energy absorption by work done in catenary action was influenced by the tensile properties and detailing of the specimens. The current ultimate limit criteria and theoretical approach to ultimate load prediction in catenary response have been critically reviewed using results obtained in testing. The findings have been implemented in an analytical study of collapse resistance by ultimate catenary response. A series of exemplar floor systems, of different size and detailing arrangements have been examined. The conclusions presented indicate that safe load redistribution by catenary action is dependent on the area of the unsupported structural bays and the area of the bottom reinforcement specified at or across structural connections, for which design parameters such as moment redistribution, detailing rules and tie force requirements are governing factors.
The poor side of town and why we need it, by Howard Husock

approach toward some concepts in urban research that have been intentionally misused by powerful political and economic groups with negative consequences for marginalized communities. To summarize, Tom Slater makes a thorough and thoughtful critique of some of the dominant narratives in urban research today. The author urges scholars to discuss the structural mechanisms perpetuating inequality in cities with “epistemic reflexivity” (p. 194) instead of accepting imposed research agendas. This book is suitable for academics and graduate students working on issues related to urban inequality, gentrification, neoliberal urbanism, rent control, and residential segregation. The predominance of a North-centric vision, however, is a weakness in this book, considering that multiple urban development narratives, like resilience and urban renewal, have been implemented in developing countries without question. Slater’s interpretation of agnotology and symbolic power can inform future research about the role of actors in the movement of ideas from developed regions, i.e., Europe and North America, to developing areas, such as Africa and Latin America. Preserving the autonomy of urban research is critical for challenging the political and economic structures that sustain rampant urban inequality.
Predictive Functional Controller (PFC) with Novel Observer Method for Pneumatic Positioning System

Nowadays, the pneumatic system is more complex which leads to the development of an intelligent pneumatic system. Due to the difficulties in controlling the position and force of pneumatic actuators nonlinearities existed. This paper proposes a design of Predictive Functional Control (PFC) using two different types of observers such as full-order and reduced order as a novel method to come out with these issues. The mathematical model of the pneumatic system come from System Identification (SI) method and third order Auto-Regressive with Exogenous Input (ARX) has been chosen as a model structure. Matlab/Simulink has been utilized as the platform and the performance of the controller using both observers have been validated in simulation and real-time experiment. The comparison has been made to identify which observers are more efficient by taking into account the value of Steady State Error (Sse), Percentage of Overshoot (%Os), Settling Time (Ts) and Rise Time (Tr). Real-time experiment results show that the strategy using reduced-order observer is more efficient because this strategy can reduce more Sse.
The influence of career roles and context on the relation between sex and performance of leaders

This study investigates the relation between sex and performance of leaders. A mediating role of career roles and a moderator role of the percentage of men in the branch in which a leader works in this relation are hypothesized. Performance is subdivided in task, contextual and adaptive performance. The career roles that are studied are the role of director, guide, maker, inspirator, expert, and professional. A self-report questionnaire was completed by 403 highly educated leaders that are employed in different branches and job categories. The results of this study show a small difference between men and women in task and contextual performance in favor of women, which disappears when the career roles are added to the regression analysis. Next to that, the relation between sex and adaptive performance is slightly, but significantly stronger in favor of men in branches that are dominated by men. Implications of these findings for management selection and development practices, and possibilities and advantages of using the career role model as a selection or development instrument are discussed. Next to that, limitations of this study are shown and recommendations for organizations and researchers are made.
Systematic biases in parameter estimation of binary black-hole mergers

Parameter estimation of binary black-hole merger events in gravitational-wave data relies on matchedfiltering techniques which, in turn, depend on accurate model waveforms. Here we characterize the systematic biases introduced in measuring astrophysical parameters of binary black holes by applying the currently most accurate effective-one-body templates to simulated data containing nonspinning numericalrelativity waveforms. We quantify the systematic bias by using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to sample the posterior distribution function of noise-free data, and compare the offset of the maximum a priori waveform parameters (the bias) to the width of the distribution, which we refer to as the statistical error. For advanced ground-based detectors, we find that the systematic biases arewell within the statistical error for realistic signal-to-noise ratios. These biases grow to be comparable to the statistical errors at high ground-based-instrument signal-to-noise ratios (SNR � 50), but never dominate the error budget. At the much larger signal-to-noise ratios expected for space-based detectors, these biases will become large compared to the statistical errors, but for astrophysical black hole mass estimates the absolute biases (of at most a few percent) are still fairly small.
Laser Scanning in Engineering Surveying: Methods of Measurement and Modeling of Structures

Abstract The study is devoted to the uses of laser scanning in the field of engineering surveying. It is currently one of the main trends of research which is developed at the Department of Engineering Surveying and Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering of AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow. They mainly relate to the issues associated with tower and shell structures, infrastructure of rail routes, or development of digital elevation models for a wide range of applications. These issues often require the use of a variety of scanning techniques (stationary, mobile), but the differences also regard the planning of measurement stations and methods of merging point clouds. Significant differences appear during the analysis of point clouds, especially when modeling objects. Analysis of the selected parameters is already possible basing on ad hoc measurements carried out on a point cloud. However, only the construction of three-dimensional models provides complete information about the shape of structures, allows to perform the analysis in any place and reduces the amount of the stored data. Some structures can be modeled in the form of simple axes, sections, or solids, for others it becomes necessary to create sophisticated models of surfaces, depicting local deformations. The examples selected for the study allow to assess the scope of measurement and office work for a variety of uses related to the issue set forth in the title of this study. Additionally, the latest, forward-looking technology was presented - laser scanning performed from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (drones). Currently, it is basically in the prototype phase, but it might be expected to make a significant progress in numerous applications in the field of engineering surveying.
Compact Manifolds with Special Holonomy

The book starts with a thorough introduction to connections and holonomy groups, and to Riemannian, complex and Kahler geometry. Then the Calabi conjecture is proved and used to deduce the existence of compact manifolds with holonomy SU(m) (Calabi-Yau manifolds) and Sp(m) (hyperkahler manifolds). These are constructed and studied using complex algebraic geometry. The second half of the book is devoted to constructions of compact 7- and 8-manifolds with the exceptional holonomy groups 92 and Spin(7). Many new examples are given, and their Betti numbers calculated. The first known examples of these manifolds were discovered by the author in 1993-5. This is the first book to be written about them, and contains much previously unpublished material which significantly improves the original constructions.
Effect of an External Magnetic Field on the 3-D Oscillatory Natural Convection of Molten Gallium During Phase Change

In this article, a numerical study of the effect of an external magnetic field on three-dimensional (3-D) oscillatory natural convection during phase change is carried out. A parallelepiped enclosure filled with a molten gallium and subjected to an external magnetic field applied in X-, Y-, and Z-directions, separately, is considered. The finite-volume method with enthalpy formulation is used to solve the mathematical model in the solid and liquid phases. The Hartmann number is fixed to Ha = 20.The computer program developed in this study was validated with the experimental data founded in the literature. The critical Grashof numbers Gr Cr and critical corresponding frequencies F r Cr are determined with and without magnetic field. The results show that the oscillatory natural convection during phase change are characterized by low-frequency oscillations in the presence and absence of the magnetic field. The pattern flow shows a spiral development of the flow in Z- direction. A strong dependence between the direction of the magnetic field and the critical Grashof number and their corresponding frequency is determined. A strong stabilization of the flow field is shown when the magnetic field is oriented horizontally.
Erratum: Mid-J CO observations of Perseus B1-East 5: evidence for turbulent dissipation via low-velocity shocks

Giant molecular clouds contain supersonic turbulence and magnetohydrodynamic simulations predict that this turbulence should decay rapidly. Such turbulent dissipation has the potential to create a warm (T ~100 K) gas component within a molecular cloud. We present observations of the CO J = 5-4 and 6-5 transitions, taken with the Herschel Space Observatory, towards the Perseus B1-East 5 region. We combine these new observations with archival measurements of lower rotational transitions and fit photodissociation region models to the data. We show that Perseus B1-E5 has an anomalously large CO J = 6-5 integrated intensity, consistent with a warm gas component existing within the region. This excess emission is consistent with predictions for shock heating due to the dissipation of turbulence in low velocity shocks with the shocks having a volume filling factor of 0.15 per cent. We find that B1-E has a turbulent energy dissipation rate of 3.5 x 10$^{32}$ erg / s and a dissipation time-scale that is only a factor of 3 larger than the flow crossing time-scale.
Near-infrared spectroscopy of moderate luminosity sources: OMC-2 IRS 3 and IRS 4

The two brighter near-infrared sources in Orion Molecular Cloud 2, IRS 3 and 4, were observed at moderate spectral resolution in the near-infrared. At least eight members of the V = 1 . -->. 0 and V = 2 . -->. 1 rotation-vibration series of H/sub 2/ were found in IRS 4. The line ratios and intensities argue that the source is shock-excited with an excitation temperature of T/sub ex/ = 3000 +- 800 K. Ultraviolet pumping of the H/sub 2/ appears unlikely, but perhaps not by a large factor. The values determined for extinction and excitation of IRS 4 are consistent with previous determinations of middle B ZAMS object, extinguished by 10--15 visual magnitudes. The region of H/sub 2/ emission, however, is more probably extinguished by 20--30 magnitudes.