Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scaling craters in carbonates: Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis of shock damage

Carbonate samples from the 8.9-Mt nuclear (near-surface explosion) crater, OAK, and a terrestrial impact crater, Meteor Crater, were analyzed for shock damage using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Samples from below the OAK apparent crater floor were obtained from six boreholes, as well as ejecta recovered from the crater floor. The degree of shock damage in the carbonate material was assessed by comparing the sample spectra to spectra of Solenhofen and Kaibab limestone, which had been shocked to known pressures. Analysis of the OAK Crater borehole samples has identified a thin zone of allocthonous highly shocked (10–13 GPa) carbonate material underneath the apparent crater floor. This ∼5- to 15-m-thick zone occurs at a maximum depth of ∼125 m below current seafloor at the borehole, sited at the initial position of the OAK explosive, and decreases in depth towards the apparent crater edge. Because this zone of allocthonous shocked rock delineates deformed rock below, and a breccia of mobilized sand and collapse debris above, it appears to outline the transient crater. The transient crater volume inferred in this way is found to be 3.2±0.2×10^6 m^3, which is in good agreement with a volume of 5.3×10^6 m^3 inferred from gravity scaling of laboratory experiments [Schmidt et al., 1986]. A layer of highly shocked material is also found near the surface outside the crater. The latter material could represent a fallout ejecta layer. The ejecta boulders recovered from the present crater floor experienced a range of shock pressures from ∼0 to 15 GPa with the more heavily shocked samples all occurring between radii of 360 and ∼600 m. Moreover, the fossil content, lithology, and Sr isotopic composition all demonstrate that the initial position of the bulk of the heavily shocked rock ejecta sampled was originally near surface rock at initial depths in the 32 to 45-m depth (below sea level) range. The EPR technique is also sensitive to prehistoric shock damage. This is demonstrated by our study of shocked Kaibab limestone from the 49,000-year-old Meteor (Barringer) Crater Arizona. We found shock damage present in the β member of the Kaibab Formation exposed in the crater walls corresponding to peak shock stress in the 0.3- to 0.6 GPa range. Carbonate ejecta recovered from within the crater experienced shock pressures of up to 0.6 GPa. Assuming shock damage levels of 0.3 to 0.6 GPa for the lightly shocked carbonate on the walls of the Meteor crater, combined with the shock pressure versus distance model of Moss [1988] and Lamb et al. [1991], Meteor Crater impact energies of 2.4 to 8.9 Mt are obtained. This approximately agrees with energies of 3.3 to 7.1 Mt calculated from the crater scaling of Schmidt and Housen [1987].
Evolutionary theory for cluster head election in cooperative clusters implementing network coding

In this paper a cluster head election problem is studied for a cooperative wireless network. The nodes in the cluster use random linear network coding to enhance the throughput performance in spreading the data for a file download service. Some of the nodes in the cluster will access through their cellular link parts of a file to be exchanged among all the cooperative nodes. In such a wireless environment, network coding enhances significantly the throughput performance. A good choice of the nodes acting as information sources for the cluster depends on their position and cellular link throughput and turns to be of utmost importance for the achievement of high performance levels. Therefore, a cluster head election algorithm is needed, which shall be fast in converging to either the optimal or, alternatively, a satisfactory sub-optimal solution. We propose to use the evolutionary theory. Results of our investigations are introduced with reference to a high performing implementation of a genetic algorithm under different network conditions both in static and in mobile environments.
In Vitro Activity of Peptide Antibiotics in Combination With Other Antimicrobials on Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the Planktonic and Biofilm Cell

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most dangerous opportunistic pathogens in the global health care setup. Its drug resistance and biofilm-forming capability are often associated with chronic infections that are difficult to treat. Therefore, the clinical treatments for highly drug-resistant A. baumannii are limited. Antimicrobial peptides are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents combined with antibiotics that minimize selective bacterial resistance and enhance antibacterial efficacy. The current study evaluated the synergistic antibacterial activities of clinically important peptide antibiotics combined with other antimicrobials against nine extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii strains in planktonic and biofilm cells in vitro. Polymyxin B and E combined with imipenem showed 100% synergy in the planktonic cell with the checkerboard. Moreover, polymyxin E with rifampicin and bacitracin with imipenem or meropenem showed 100% additive effects. In the biofilm cell, polymyxin B and E combined with azithromycin showed 100% synergy, when vancomycin with azithromycin, rifampicin, and bacitracin with azithromycin or rifampicin, and teicoplanin with tigecycline or rifampicin, all showed 100% additive effects. Therefore, peptide antibiotics combined with other antimicrobials have synergistic or additive effects on extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii in planktonic and biofilm cells. In addition, the combination of polymyxins with carbapenems or azithromycin could be an ideal therapy against extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii infections.
Study of canine cutaneous melanocytic tumours: evaluation of histological and immunohistochemical prognostic criteria in 65 cases

SUMMARY Canine cutaneous melanocytic tumours account for 10 to 15% of skin neoplasms in this species. Despite the existence of a prognostical classification established by Bostock in 1979, based on the number of mitotic figures in the neoplastic cell population, the histological prognosis given by the pathologist is often considered as poorly reliable. No architectural or cytological criterion other than mitotic index is currently considered for the establishment of the melanocytic tumours prognosis in dog. Immunohistochemical markers, such as nuclear proliferation antigen (Ki-67 antigen), have been shown to improve the prognostic quality in both dogs and men. More recently, markers related to cellular differentiation (Melan-A) or the adhesion abilities (CD44) of the neoplastic melanocytic cells were proposed as elements related to the prognosis. In this study, using 65 cases of canine cutaneous melanocytic tumours, observed during a 12 months post surgical period, 13 architectural and cytological criteria and 3 immunohistochemical markers (Ki-67 antigen, CD44 and Melan-A) were investigated. Several major (neoplasm size, growth type, symmetry of the lesion, mitotic index and lymphatic / vascular invasion) and minor (tumour shape, invasion level and shape of the neoplastic cells) histological criteria were proposed, but the use of Ki-67 and CD44 for the establishment of a more reliable prognosis was also recommended.
Modeling of Calcium Homeostasis and Mobilization in Platelets Mediated by Ip 3 and Store-Operated Calcium Entry

Platelet aggregation is one of the body's first responses to vascular damage to prevent blood loss; upon injury to the endothelium platelets react to the exposed extracellular matrix and undergo a host of intracellular biochemical changes enabling them to activate and form a "plug" at the site of injury. Internally, platelets respond to their environment by exhibiting a sharp rise in cytosolic calcium that triggers a series of chemical and morphological changes which are critical to platelet activation and subsequent clot propagation. This thesis develops a mechanistic, computational model of platelet calcium regulation using coupled sets of ordinary differential equations. This thesis extends previous work modeling calcium release mediated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) to engineer what is the first, to date, complete model of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) integrated into a systems model for calcium signaling. SOCE is a ubiquitous extracellular calcium entry pathway which is activated by calcium store depletion, is seen in many cells types and is yet to be fully understood. Our model for SOCE regulation consists of diffusion-limited dimerization of the calcium sensor STIM1, followed by fast, cytosolic calcium-dependent association of STIM1 dimers with Orai1 channels in the plasma membrane resulting in graded store-operated channel activation. Appropriate model resting states were characterized using a dense Monte Carlo technique on an initial condition sampling space constrained by available data on species concentrations and protein copy numbers. From this set of resting configurations, following application of physiologic IP3 stimuli, we selected for resting states exhibiting calcium dynamics that are in agreement with experimental data. We also selected for states presenting significant SOCE current based on differences in cytosolic calcium between simulations run with and without extracellular calcium. Low resting levels of IP3 are required for system robustness and for simultaneous appropriate dynamic response to physiologic agonists. Platelets require a resting electrical potential across the membrane surrounding the calcium stores of greater than -70 mV in order to exhibit significant agonistinduced calcium release. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering First Advisor Scott L. Diamond
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA FOLLOWING X‐RAY EPILATION OF THE SCALP.

SOME say that basal cell carcinomata occur more often in areas of radiodermatitis than in normal skin. In X-Rays and Radium in Diseases of ihe Skin by MacKee and Cipollaro (1946) it is said, however, that " malignant neoplasms resulting from treatment with X-rays or radium are usually the squamous-cell (prickle-cell) variety. Baso-squamous-cell neoplasms and, occasionally, pure basal-cell tumours develop in chronic radiodermatitis. Some pathologists believe that these basal-cell lesions are not caused by the radiodermatitis and that they would have occurred without the irradiation injury, or that there is an erroneous histologic diagnosis. " In the same book, Montgomery stated that it was doubtful whether basal-cell epithelioma had resulted from radiodermatitis. It was also his impression that epithelioma rarely developed following a single massive dose of x-rays or radium.
From Omnipresent Network to Constant Connectivity: The Role of Psychological Needs and Social Norms

The omnipresent mobile networks, such as Wi-Fi, WLAN, and network provided by mobile operators, facilitate the whole world connected. Mobile technology users can access to the world with the networks, making them feel constant connection to others which predicts the perception of invasion. This study aims to explore the boundary condition of this relationship from two perspectives—individuals’ psychological needs and social norms. This study theorizes that psychological needs strengthen the effect of accessibility of omnipresent networks, while social norms weaken that effect. Data was collected from 223 employees with mobile technology usage in their work. The results support our justifications, and discussion and implications are also presented.
ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOME IN A PETROCHEMICAL POLLUTED AREA IN TAIWAN

The petrochemical industry is the main source of industrial air pollution in Taiwan. Reported here are the results from an ongoing study of outdoor air pollution and the health of individuals living in a community in close proximity to petrochemical industrial complexes. The prevalences of term low birth weight (LBW) in the petrochemical municipality and control municipality were 3.22% and 1.84%, respectively. After controlling for several possible confounders (including maternal age, season, marital status, maternal education, and infant sex), the adjusted odds ratio was 1.767 (1.002-3.116) for term LBW in the petrochemical municipality. Data provide further support for the hypothesis that air pollution can affect the outcome of pregnancy.
Cumulative Renal Damage in Oogs by Repeated Treatment with Extracorporeal Shock Waves

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave Iithotripsy (ESWL) has become a routine method for the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi. Occasionally, multisequential ESWL tredtments and high energy shock waves are required to treat large calculi. The purpose of the study was to compare renal histopathologic damage caused by varying the application of shock waves.
THE FLUENCE AND DISTANCE DISTRIBUTIONS OF FAST RADIO BURSTS

Fast radio bursts (FRB) are millisecond-duration radio pulses with apparent extragalactic origins. All but two of the FRBs have been discovered using the Parkes dish, which employs multiple beams formed by an array of feed horns on its focal plane. In this paper, we show that (i) the preponderance of multiple-beam detections and (ii) the detection rates for varying dish diameters can be used to infer the index α of the cumulative fluence distribution function (the logN–logF function: α = 1.5 for a non-evolving population in a Euclidean universe). If all detected FRBs arise from a single progenitor population, multiple-beam FRB detection rates from the Parkes telescope yield the constraint 0.52 < α < 1.0 with 90% confidence. Searches at other facilities with different dish sizes refine the constraint to 0.5 < α < 0.9. Our results favor FRB searches with smaller dishes, because for α < 1 the gain in field of view for a smaller dish is more important than the reduction in sensitivity. Further, our results suggest that (i) FRBs are not standard candles, and (ii) the distribution of distances to the detected FRBs is weighted toward larger distances. If FRBs are extragalactic, these results are consistent with a cosmological population, which would make FRBs excellent probes of the baryonic content and geometry of the universe.
FAT-TO-PROTEIN RATIO : EVALUATION OF METABOLIC DISORDERS AND MILK YIELD

1 Dep. of Animal Genetic and Breeding Biology, Slovak Univ. of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia, e-mail: xvlcekm@uniag.sk 2 Same address as 1, e-mail: juraj.candrak@uniag.sk 3 Same address as 1, e-mail: radovan.kasarda@uniag.sk ABSTRACT The aim of the paper was to evaluate the occurrence of metabolic disorder based on the fat-to-protein ratio and the effect of fat-to-protein ratio on the milk yield. In total, 680 records of test day (from 3 to 150 days) of 188 cows originating from 4 farms in west part of Slovakia between years 2013 and 2016 were collected to perform the study. The statistical analyses were carried out by SAS software. The highest prevalence of ketosis risk (19.08 %) was found in first month after calving, while the frequency of acidosis risk increased gradually from the start (10.53 %) to the middle of lactation (26.60 %). In the analysed group of cows the average milk yield at level 35.83 kg day−1 was found. The selected effect of herd, parity, year, calving season, days in milk and fat-to-protein ratio explained 55.67 % of the milk yield variability. Due to the effect of fat-to-protein ratio the decrease of milk yield 1.2 kg day−1 was observed. Based on the results the fat-to-protein ration can be regarded as good estimator of metabolic disorders occurrence.
Elections in Rural China: Competition Without Parties

Village elections in China present scholars with the case of a single-party regime that allows voters to reject candidates regularly. Using a micro survey of 698 voters in 30 rural election districts, the authors demonstrate that when some candidates can lose, voters participate. A comparison of models of voter turnout and running for office further demonstrates that even when competition is structured to the benefit of party members, the perception of competition as choice between candidates is sufficient to engage voters and increase their perception that the electoral process is fair. These findings hold regardless of a respondent’s age, gender, membership in the Communist Party and Youth League, and general knowledge level and access to media. Village wealth and geographical isolation also do not demonstrate a strong substantive impact. One theoretical implication of these findings is that contested elections in authoritarian regimes may simultaneously strengthen demand for accountability and loyalty to the regime.
Effects of L-carnitine on dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND L-Carnitine is an endogenous compound thought to be helpful in treating patients with dialysis-related hypotension and muscle cramps; however, sufficient evidence for these indications is lacking. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING & POPULATION Adult patients with end-stage renal disease receiving long-term hemodialysis. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES All published English-language reports of randomized placebo-controlled trials of L-carnitine supplementation in adult long-term hemodialysis patients. INTERVENTION Supplemental L-carnitine (or placebo) for at least 8 weeks. OUTCOME Random-effects pooled odds ratio for intradialytic cramping or hypotension in L-carnitine-treated participants. RESULTS Of 317 potentially relevant articles, 7 (total enrollment of 193 patients) met criteria for inclusion. Four articles reported results for both hypotension and cramps, 1 had results for only hypotension, and 2 reported results for only cramps. Using data from all 6 relevant trials, the pooled odds ratio for cramping after L-carnitine supplementation was 0.30 (95% confidence interval, 0.09 to 1.00; P = 0.05). Analysis of the 5 studies examining the response of intradialytic hypotension to l-carnitine supplementation yielded a pooled odds ratio of 0.28 (95% confidence interval, 0.04 to 2.23; P = 0.2). LIMITATIONS The small number of available studies yielded limited statistical power. In addition, there was considerable interstudy heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Although suggestive in the case of muscle cramping, the available evidence does not confirm a beneficial effect of L-carnitine supplementation on dialysis-related muscle cramping or intradialytic hypotension. Additional study in the form of large rigorous randomized trials is needed in both cases.
Overexpression of cytokeratin 17 protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

OBJECTIVE To determine the cytokeratin 17 (CK17) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Comparative proteomic analysis of an in vitro cellular carcinogenesis model of OSCC (including a line of human immortalized oral epithelia cells (HIOECs), a line of cancerous HB96 cells and another kind of cells (HB56 cells) at the early stage of carcinogenesis was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins. CK17 was further validated in vitro (cellular carcinogenesis model and other three OSCC lines) and in vivo (tissues from six healthy persons and 30 primary OSCC patients) by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry respectively. RESULTS Increased CK17 expression was identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass chromatography in the HB56 and HB96 cells over HIOECs. Western blotting confirmed the increased CK17 expression in the HB56, HB96 cells and other three OSCC lines. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the increased CK17 expression in the cancerous tissues from OSCC patients compared with the paired adjacent non-malignant epithelia. CONCLUSION Increased CK17 expression may play an important role in the carcinogenesis progression of OSCC; however, further studies on the molecular function of CK17 are encouraged to clear the precise mechanism of CK17 in OSCC.
Sensitivity and specificity of the indicators of sincere effort of the EPIC lift capacity test on a previously injured population.

STUDY DESIGN Randomized control post-test only. OBJECTIVES To investigate the reliability and validity of the EPIC Lift Capacity test's indicators of sincere effort. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The EPIC Lift Capacity test (ELC) (Employment Potential Improvement Corp., Santa Ana, CA) is a functional evaluation tool used to identify physical limitations involved in lifting and manual materials handling. Identification of insincere effort is an integral component of such functional testing because of the potential secondary gain issues surrounding the various populations typically involved in this form of testing. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the "indicators of sincere effort" of the EPIC Lift Capacity test when used on a previously injured population typical of subjects for which the test is designed. METHODS Subjects consisted of 41 volunteers (age 22 to 58 years) with a previously diagnosed musculoskeletal pathology of the spine or extremities. Volunteers were randomized into either the control group, instructed to give a sincere maximum effort, or the experimental group, instructed to give an insincere effort at 50% of their perceived maximum effort. All tests were administered by certified clinical evaluators according to the standardized EPIC Lift Capacity test protocol. - RESULTS Overall accuracy in identifying participants' level of effort was 86.84%. The indicators of valid effort exhibited both high positive (94.44%) and negative (80.00%) predictive values. The indicators of valid effort accounted for 94.9% of the total variance in the determination of the subjects' overall effort level. Interrater reliability for agreement of subjects' overall effort was good (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS Through use of standardized indicators of sincere effort, certified EPIC Lift Capacity test evaluators were able to predict sincerity of effort with a high degree of reliability and validity. The rater's systematicobservational evaluation of effort was shown to be the single best indicator of sincere effort.
Absence of discontinuation symptoms with agomelatine and occurrence of discontinuation symptoms with paroxetine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled discontinuation study

The effects of an abrupt interruption of agomelatine, a new melatonergic/serotonergic antidepressant, were explored in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Paroxetine was used as active control. After 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with agomelatine 25 mg/day or paroxetine 20 mg/day, sustained remitted depressed patients were randomized for 2 weeks, under double-blind conditions, to placebo or to their initial antidepressant treatment. Discontinuation symptoms were assessed at the end of the first and second week of discontinuation with the Discontinuation Emergent Signs and Symptoms (DESS) checklist. One hundred and ninety-two sustained remitted patients were randomized to the 2-week discontinuation period. Patients who discontinued agomelatine did not experience more discontinuation symptoms than those who continued on agomelatine. Patients who discontinued paroxetine for placebo experienced significantly more DESS discontinuation symptoms, during the first week, compared to those who continued with paroxetine (respective mean number of emergent symptoms: 7.3±7.1 and 3.5±4.1, P<0.001). No significant difference was shown between the continuing and interrupting groups in the second week of discontinuation. By contrast to paroxetine, abrupt cessation of agomelatine is not associated with discontinuation symptoms.