Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Disparities in Traumatic Occupational Injury

Objective: Workers of different ethnicities differ in patterns of employment and occupational risks. We use the Illinois Trauma Registry to evaluate ethnic disparities among the occupational traumatic injuries occurring in the State of Illinois between 1997 and 2003. Methods: We analyze incidence, severity, cause and place of injury, disability and in-hospital mortality. Results: The incidence rates of traumatic injuries among Hispanics were more than two times higher than whites, however, the risk of severe injury (Injury Severity Score ≥16) was more than 50% lower. Among African-American workers, the incidence and severity of traumatic injuries were lower than whites. Machinery was the primary external cause of injury among Hispanics. blacks were disproportionately injured in road accidents and homicides/assaults. Conclusion: There are substantial racial/ethnic differences in incidence, severity and outcome of work-related traumatic injuries treated in level I and II trauma centers in Illinois.
Comprehensive assessment of older people with complex care needs: the multi-disciplinarity of the Single Assessment Process in England

ABSTRACT The quality of assessment of older people with health and social care needs has for some time been a concern of policy makers, practitioners, older people and carers in the United Kingdom and internationally. This article seeks to address a key aspect of these concerns, namely whether sufficient expertise is deployed when, as a basis for a care plan and service allocation, an older person's eligibility for local authority adult social-care services requires a comprehensive needs assessment of their usually complex and multiple problems. Is an adequate range of professionals engaged, and is a multi-disciplinary approach applied? The Single Assessment Process (SAP) was introduced in England in 2004 to promote a multi-disciplinary model of service delivery. After its introduction, a survey in 2005–06 was conducted to establish the prevalence and patterns of comprehensive assessment practice across England. The reported arrangements for multi-disciplinary working among local authority areas in England were categorised and reviewed. The findings suggest, first, that the provision of comprehensive assessments of older people that require the expertise of multiple professionals is limited, except where the possibility arose of placement in a care-home-with-nursing, and second that by and large a systematic multi-disciplinary approach was absent. Policy initiatives to address the difficulties in assessment need to be more prescriptive if they are to produce the intended outcomes.
On the Role of Variables in Phonology: Remarks on Hayes and Wilson 2008

A computational model by Hayes and Wilson (2008) seemingly captures a diverse range of phonotactic phenomena without variables, contrasting with the presumptions of many formal theories. Here, we examine the plausibility of this approach by comparing generalizations of identity restrictions by this architecture and human learners. Whereas humans generalize identity restrictions broadly, to both native and nonnative phonemes, the original model and several related variants failed to generalize to nonnative phonemes. In contrast, a revised model equipped with variables more closely matches human behavior. These findings suggest that, like syntax, phonological grammars are endowed with algebraic relations among variables that support across-the-board generalizations.
T‐cell depletion versus methotrexate as GvHD‐prophylaxis in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukaemia

Graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis using methotrexate (23 patients) and T‐cell depletion of the graft (40 patients) was compared in 63 allogeneic bone marrow transplantations (BMT) for leukaemia. T‐cell depletion significantly reduced (p = 0.001) the incidence of GvHD from 68% to 11% and the GvHD‐associated mortality from 79% to 5%. Actuarial disease‐free survival for low‐risk patients (57% with T‐cell depletion and 47% with MTX) was not significantly improved, due to graft failure and possibly due to a higher leukaemic relapse rate after T‐cell depletion. Prevention of graft failure after T cell‐depleted BMT is essential and could also reduce the risk of leukaemic relapse by improved engraftment.
The literature on inhibitors: Articles that influence my management of patients with hemophilia A and high‐titer inhibitors

High‐titer inhibitors represent the greatest management challenge faced by clinicians who treat patients with hemophilia A, as bleeding episodes no longer respond to standard factor VIII replacement therapy. Over the last seven decades, major strides have been made in inhibitor treatment. This article focuses on the seminal clinical observations and studies that provided the foundation for these advances in hemophilia care. Am. J. Hematol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Achilles tendon repair in dogs using the semitendinosus muscle: surgical technique and short-term outcome in five dogs.

OBJECTIVE To describe augmentation of primary Achilles tendon repair using suture with a semitendinosus muscle flap and report outcome in 5 dogs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS Dogs (n=5) with Achilles tendon rupture (n=6). METHODS After tendon repair with #2 polypropylene in a 3-loop pulley suture pattern, the lateral one-half of the semitendinosus muscle was transected from the ischium, rotated distally then sutured with #2 polypropylene to the calcaneus in a 3-loop pulley pattern. The epitenon was sutured to the muscle flap fascia with interrupted sutures. All dogs had a bivalved cast for 2 weeks then a cranial splint for 2-6 weeks. Lameness scores (0=stands and walks normally to 4=non-weight-bearing lameness, plantigrade stance on affected pelvic limb) were determined every 2-3 weeks postoperatively for 12 weeks. Outcome was determined from telephone questionnaire of owners. RESULTS Four had lameness scores of 0, the 5th had a score of 1 at 12 weeks. Three owners were very satisfied with outcome. Minor complications included cast sores (2 dogs), infection (2), and acute swelling (1); 1 major complication occurred (infection resulting in reoperation). CONCLUSIONS Semitendinosus flap augmentation resulted in early return to function without prolonged postoperative immobilization. Three dogs returned to full work/activity after repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Augmentation of primary Achilles tendon repair with a semitendinosus flap can be considered in dogs with chronic rupture but further investigation of the long-term outcome using this technique is needed.
Isolated aldosterone deficiency in two infants: Mistakes and dilemmas in the diagnosis and treatment of a rare disease

In this article, we describe the clinical picture and follow-up of two children diagnosed as suffering from pseudohypoaldosteronism when they were infants, and it was later recognized as isolated aldosterone deficiency in both. We illustrate the clinical differences between the two patients in terms of hydroelectrolytic balance, laboratory data and growth. In fact, while the growth and hematological parameters of the electrolytes and acid-base balance were normal in the first patient, and also without treatment with fludrocortisone thanks to very high renin activity, in the second patient, this treatment was vitally necessary to maintain normal growth and biochemical data. Despite the absence of a molecular analysis which could have confirmed this diagnosis, we believe that the description of the clinical evolution of these two cases from the moment of the incorrect diagnosis until the correct diagnosis and action taken, could be useful to highlight the extreme clinical variability of this rare disease.
Self-reported cumulative trauma symptoms among hospital employees: analysis of an upper-extremity symptom survey.

This article was accepted for publication June 22, 1998. T he U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (1993) reported that disorders associated with conditions due to repeated pressure, vibration, or motion have increased from 23,000 in 1981 to 223,600 in 1991. Figures from 1992 demonstrate a 26% increase since 1991 in cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) (U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1994). The high incidence of repeated trauma injuries prompted the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to propose regulations to standardize ergonomics programs within industry (Bureau of National Affairs, 1995). The proposed OSHA guidelines include the following components: (a) health and risk factor surveillance, (b) job analysis, (c) medical management, (d) training and education, and (e) program evaluation. The proposed guidelines suggest active surveillance methods, including a risk assessment of work sites and periodic physical examination of all employees for early identification of symptoms and identification of high-risk jobs. Because individual examinations of a large population can prove unwieldy, OSHA developed a symptom survey (Bureau of National Affairs, 1995) to serve as an additional, optional method of determining whether musculoskeletal disorders are occurring in the workplace.
Precise scanning calorimeter for studying thermal properties of biological macromolecules in dilute solution.

A precise scanning calorimeter for studying the heat capacity of liquids in a broad temperature range has been developed. By its design and capabilities this calorimeter is the first of a new generation for this type of instrument. This new scanning calorimeter operates differentially, is equipped with a pair of gold capillary cells and semiconductor sensors, and is able to scan up and down in temperature at user-selected rates. This instrument is completely operated by an integrated computer which also provides a full thermodynamic analysis of the results. Its construction does not involve the use of organic compounds, thus eliminating a source of baseline noise that has affected previous calorimeters. The operational temperature range of the instrument can be varied between 0 and 120 degrees C. The gold capillary cells (operational volume 0.8 ml) minimize temperature gradients in the heated/cooled liquid sample and permit easy washing and reloading without air bubbles. These features are crucial for the accuracy of difference heat capacity measurements and determination of the absolute value of the partial heat capacity of solute molecules. The measurements can be performed under an excess constant pressure (up to 3 atm) to prevent formation of gas bubbles and boiling of aqueous solutions above 100 degrees C. The noise level of the recorded heating/cooling power difference is below 50 x 10(-9) W (i.e., below 10 ncal/s) with a response half-time of 5 s. The reproducibility of the baseline without refilling the capillary cells is on the order of 0.5 x 10(-6) W. Reproducibility of the baseline upon refilling the cell is of the same order of magnitude. This provides an accuracy in difference heat capacity determination on the order of 10 mu cal/degrees Kml at a heating rate of 1 degree K/min.
Effects of mebutamate on the electroencephalographic sleep profile

This study evaluated the effect of mebutamate (600 mg) on the electroencephalographic sleep profile in 10 healthy, noninsomniac normal males. Placebo was administered on nights 1–4, mebutamate on nights 5–7, and placebo on nights 8 and 9. The results demonstrated that mebutamate significantly altered the electroencephalographic sleep profile. REM sleep was significantly depressed but was not associated with rebound. A low‐amplitude, high‐frequency (18–28 cps) beta rhythm emerged with the administration of mebutamate. There was a significant increase in stages 2 and 4 sleep patterns, the latter being in the range of 100%.
Understanding IS Adoption and Success: Integration of IS Success and Technology Adoption Research

Despite continued research on technology adoption and IS success; there continue to be significant organizational challenges with IT. One reason for this may be the lack of consistent understanding resulting from the fact that there are two dominant research streams in this area – technology adoption research (TAR) and IS Success research (ISSR) – which have insufficient dialogue between them. TAR and ISSR offer complementary perspectives of IS– adoption does not necessarily mean success, and measurement of system success does not necessarily explain why the system was successful. We examine the relationship between these two research streams using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) from TAR and the IS Success model from ISSR. This paper proposes an integrated model that seeks to improve understanding of IT adoption and success. Our integrated model provides the theoretical strength of the TPB as well as the actionability of IS Success.
Extended Tolerance Relation to Define a New Rough Set Model in Incomplete Information Systems

This paper discusses and proposes a rough set model for an incomplete information system, which defines an extended tolerance relation using frequency of attribute values in such a system. It first discusses some rough set extensions in incomplete information systems. Next, "probability of matching" is defined from data in information systems and then measures the degree of tolerance. Consequently, a rough set model is developed using a tolerance relation defined with a threshold. The paper discusses the mathematical properties of the newly developed rough set model and also introduces a method to derive reducts and the core.
Contagion and Bank Failures During the Great Depression: The June 1932 Chicago Banking Panic

Studies of pre-Depression banking argue that banking panics resulted from depositor confusion about the incidence of shocks, and that interbank cooperation avoided unwarranted failures. This paper uses individual bank data to address the question of whether solvent Chicago banks failed during the panic asthe result of confusion by depositors. Chicago banks are divided" into three groups: panic failures, failures outside the panic window, and survivors. The characteristics of these three groups are compared to determine whether the banks that failed during the panic were similar ex ante" to those that survived the panic or whether they shared characteristics with other banks that failed. Each category of comparison -- the market-to-book value of equity, the estimated probability or failure or duration of survival the composition of debt, the rates of withdrawal of debt during 1931, and the interest rates paid on debt -- leads to the same conclusion: banks that failed during the panic were similar to others that failed and different from survivors. The special attributes of failing banks were distinguishable at least six months before the panic and were reflected in stock prices, failure probabilities, debt composition, and interest rates at least that far in advance. We conclude that failures during the panic reflected relative weakness in the face of common asset value shock rather than contagion. Other evidence points to cooperation among solvent Chicago banks a key factor in avoiding unwarranted bank failures during the panic.
The Use of Refined Descriptive Sampling and Applications in Parallel Monte Carlo Simulation

Refined descriptive sampling is designed to improve upon the descriptive sampling method for experimentation in simulation. The former reduces significantly the risk of sampling bias generated by descriptive sampling and eliminates its problem related to the sample size. In this paper, we propose an optimal parallel Monte Carlo simulation algorithm using refined descriptive sampling and evaluate in parallel architecture, performance measures of a stable M/M/1 queueing system, a Pert network and the Newsboy problem.
Plasma BDNFs level initially and post treatment in acute mania: comparison between ECT and atypical antipsychotic treatment and healthy controls

Background: Inconsistent findings concerning brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels across different episodes in bipolar disorder have been reported, which is also in line with the treatment effects on BDNF levels in acute mania. We aimed to compare plasma BDNF level alterations after pure antipsychotic drug or ECT plus antipsychotic drug treatment in acute mania. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with mania were divided into two treatment arms: the antipsychotic treatment arm (AP) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)+AP arm. In addition, 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Results: There was no significant statistical difference according to mean age, education level, marital and working status between patients and healthy controls. The initial serum BDNF level in patients with acute mania was significantly lower than healthy controls. The initial BDNF level between the ECT arm and AP arm was not significant. The BDNF level decreased significantly after reaching remission in patients with acute mania. The change in BDNF level in the AP arm was not significant while in the ECT arm it was significant after treatment. Conclusions: In this study, for the first time we revealed a significant decrease in BDNF levels after ECT sessions in acute manic patients. Besides clinical remission after treatment in acute mania, the decrement in BDNF levels does not seem to be related to clinical response. Thus cumulative effects of mood episodes for the ongoing decrease in BDNF levels might be borne in mind despite the achievement of remission and/or more time being required for an increase in BDNF levels after treatment.
Observations on the Role of Diminished Oxygen Tension in the Functional Hyperemia of Skeletal Muscle

The hypothesis that lowered tissue oxygen tension acting on vascular smooth muscle can explain functional hyperemia in skeletal muscle was examined in ten dogs. A comparison was made between the blood flow increment that accompanied rapid, rhythmic contraction of a gastrocnemius muscle and the flow change that occurred in the same muscle at rest during its perfusion with venous blood obtained from the resting or contracting gastrocnemius muscle of the opposite leg. Blood PO2, pH, and PCO2 were measured in samples of venous blood from the muscle. There was no evidence that the perfusion circuit traumatized the perfused blood. During functional hyperemia, the increases in blood flow averaged 173%, and the average venous PO2, was 25 mm Hg. During venous perfusion, the maximum increases in blood flow averaged 56%, and the average venous PO2, was 23 mm Hg. When the muscle was stimulated to contract during its perfusion with venous blood, increases in blood flow occurred which averaged 143%, despite additional falls in venous blood PO2 that averaged only 3 mm Hg. These studies suggest that the effect of lowered PO2 on vascular smooth muscle does not produce sufficient vasodilatation to explain functional hyperemia in skeletal muscle.
Power of Models in Longitudinal Study: Findings From a Full-Crossed Simulation Design

Because the power properties of traditional repeated measures and hierarchical multivariate linear models have not been clearly determined in the balanced design for longitudinal studies in the literature, the authors present a power comparison study of traditional repeated measures and hierarchical multivariate linear models under 3 variance-covariance structures. The results from a full-crossed simulation design suggest that traditional repeated measures have significantly higher power than do hierarchical multivariate linear models for main effects, but they have significantly lower power for interaction effects in most situations. Significant power differences are also exhibited when power is compared across different covariance structures.
Evaluating the quality of the LOD cloud: An empirical investigation

The increasing adoption of the Linked Data principles brought with it an unprecedented dimension to the Web, trans-forming the traditional Web of Documents to a vibrant information ecosystem, also known as the Web of Data. This transformation, however, does not come without any pain points. Similar to the Web of Documents, the Web of Data is heterogenous in terms of the various domains it covers. The diversity of the Web of Data is also reﬂected in its quality. Data quality impacts the ﬁtness for use of the data for the application at hand, and choosing the right dataset is often a challenge for data consumers. In this quantitative empirical survey, we analyse 130 datasets ( ≈ 3.7 billion quads), extracted from the latest Linked Open Data Cloud using 27 Linked Data quality metrics, and provide insights into the current quality conformance. Furthermore, we publish the quality metadata for each assessed dataset as Linked Data, using the Dataset Quality Vocabulary (daQ). This metadata is then used by data consumers to search and ﬁlter possible datasets based on different quality criteria. Thereafter, based on our empirical study, we present an aggregated view of the Linked Data quality in general. Finally, using the results obtained from the quality assessment empirical study, we use the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test in order to identify the key quality indicators that can give us sufﬁcient information about a dataset’s quality. In other words, the PCA helps us identify the non-informative metrics.
Choice of sprint start performance measure affects the performance-based ranking within a group of sprinters: which is the most appropriate measure?

Sprint start performance has previously been quantified using several different measures. This study aimed to identify whether different measures could influence the performance-based ranking within a group of 12 sprinters, and if so, to identify the most appropriate measure. None of the 10 performance measures ranked all sprinters in the same order; Spearman's rho correlations between different block phase measures ranged from 0.50 to 0.94, and between block phase measures and those obtained beyond block exit from 0.66 to 0.85. Based on the consideration of what each measure quantifies, normalised average horizontal external power was identified as the most appropriate, incorporating both block velocity and the time spent producing this velocity. The accuracy with which these data could be obtained in an externally valid field setting was assessed against force platform criterion data. For an athlete producing 678 ± 40 W of block power, a carefully set-up manual high-speed video analysis protocol produced systematic and random errors of +5 W and ± 24 W, respectively. Since the choice of performance measure could affect the conclusions drawn from a technique analysis, for example the success of an intervention, it is proposed that external power is used to quantify start performance.
Cognitive changes in multiple sclerosis

Cognitive dysfunction (CD) affects 40–65% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and can have a great functional impact. It can be detected in all the disease phenotypes from the early stages of the disease and tends to progress over time. Memory, complex attention, information processing speed and executive functions are most commonly involved. The relationship between cognitive changes and MRI findings may involve changes in different areas, including white matter lesions, normal appearing brain tissue on conventional MRI, cortical and deep gray matter. The search for effective therapeutic strategies is a major undertaking. Evidence of a possible effect of anticholinesterasics and cognitive rehabilitation is still preliminary. In this article, we review the current knowledge on CD in MS and highlight areas of special importance for future research in the field.