Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Large Class Teaching Strategies in Aquatic Activities

The challenge of learning in large classes demands appropriate classroom strategy setting, the main problem of this research is to find out the increase in gliding skill, as well as its correlation with freestyle swimming basic movements. The method used was quasi experiment, with casual comparative research wherein all student of class of 2014 enrolling aquatic activity. The sampling technique was purposive sampling by which 108 students were selected. They were divided into three homogenous groups based on their respective gliding test result deemed as the most dominant movement patterns in their aquatic activities. Class A and C used peer assist learning (PAL), Class B applied mixed conventional learning strategies (CL= Cooperative Learning and DI= Direct Instruction) for 8 meetings. Based on the calculation and data analysis, there is a significant increase of skill with ρ = 0,031 (0.031 < 0.05). Each group has an increase and positive correlation between gliding on freestyle swimming style of 0.64 (ρ of 0.00). The conclusion of the research on the application of PAL and CL in large-scale aquatic learning activities has improved students' gliding ability, and there is a positive correlation between sliding towards freestyle movement.
Displacement Capacity of Lightly Reinforced Rectangular Concrete Walls

: This paper investigates the displacement capacity of lightly reinforced rectangular walls. The design parameters and detailing of the walls considered in this study are typical of low-to-moderate seismic regions such as Australia. Obtaining accurate estimates of the displacement capacity of lightly reinforced walls is a vital step towards producing realistic estimates of fragility curves of RC buildings in low-to-moderate seismic regions. It is shown in this investigation that the nominal yield displacement capacity for reinforced concrete walls that have low amounts of longitudinal reinforcement can sometimes be overestimated using the existing equations. An alternative approach is proposed here which gives a better match with experimental and numerical results and is particularly important for the reinforced concrete walls that exhibit a single crack in the plastic hinge zone. An ultimate curvature equation is proposed for when a wall is estimated to form a single crack in the plastic hinge region. A plastic hinge length equation which has been specifically derived for these types of walls is also introduced to estimate the plastic displacement of the wall due to plastic rotation at the base. Experimental and finite element modelling results are used to compare the displacement capacity predictions.
Couvade Syndrome Among Jordanian Expectant Fathers

Studies of different cultures have reported that expectant fathers experience physiological and psychological changes during their partner’s pregnancy. These symptoms are classed as Couvade Syndrome (sympathetic pregnancy) symptoms. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Couvade Syndrome among Jordanian expectant fathers. A descriptive quantitative research design that utilized the Men’s Health During Partners’ Pregnancy (MHDPP) questionnaire was employed to collect data from three Maternal and Child Health Care Centers in public hospitals. A total of 449 participants completed the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the sample and the main variables. Chi-square tests were conducted to find the relationship between the pregnancy trimester and the specific Couvade Syndrome symptom. Jordanian expectant fathers experienced high rates of Couvade Syndrome (59.1%). The prevalence of Couvade Syndrome among the participants is considered to be the highest reported rate when compared to the results of previous studies. This rate may be due to the tendency among men in Jordan to have a strong desire for children soon after marriage and to have a strong commitment to family life. With a better understanding of the expectant father’s response to pregnancy, health-care providers would be better able to provide them with the necessary support and education. This could contribute to the health and well-being of expectant fathers and their families.
Motion Artifact in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Implications for Automated Analysis

Automated measures of cerebral magnetic resonance images (MRI) often provide greater speed and reliability compared to manual techniques but can be particularly sensitive to motion artifact. This study employed an automatic MRI analysis program that quantified regional gray matter volume and created images for verification and quality control. Motion artifact was assessed on each image and assigned a rating of none, mild, moderate, or severe. Greater motion artifact was associated with smaller gray matter volumes. Severity of motion artifact is an important, but often overlooked, consideration in the interpretation of automated MRI measures.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak dalam Kegiatan Berhitung dengan Permainan Dadu TK Mutiara Pekanbaru

Kemampuan kognitif anak dalam berhitung masih sangat rendah oleh karenaya perlu dilakukan upaya lainÂ dalam meningkatkan kemampuan anak tersebut dalam hal ini peneliti mencoba dengan kegiatan bermain dadu anak TK Mutiara Pekanbaru dalam menyebutkan urutan bilangan 1 â€“ 10, dengan harapan kemampuan anak akan meningkat. Kognitif yang menjadi fokus penelitian adalah suatu proses berfikir yakni kemampuan individu untuk menghubungkan, menilai dan mempertimbangkan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa, proses kognitif berhubungan dengan tingkat kecerdasan yang mencirikan seseorang dengan berbagai minat terutama sekali ditujukan kepada ideide dan belajar. Penelitian tindakan kelas adalah suatu penelitian yang dilakukan secara sistematis, reflektif terhadap â€œAksiâ€ atau tindakan yang dilakukan oleh guru atau pelaku mulai dari perencanaan sampai dengan penilaian terhadap tindakan nyata di dalam kelas yang berupa kegiatan pembelajaran mengajar untuk memperbaiki kondisi pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak didik TK Mutiara Pekanbaru yangÂ berjumlah 14 orang. dengan rincian anakÂ 14Â laki â€“ laki sejumlah 8 orang dan anak perempuan sejumlah 6 orang. dan rentang usia berkisar antara 5 -6 tahun. Data penelitian di peroleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, analisis data. Berdasarkan kegiatan pembelajaran pada anak melalui permaianan dadu pada siklus satu pertemuan ke 5 terjadilah peningkatannya, berikut ini perbandingan hasil observasi peningkatan kemampuan kognitif pada anakÂ melalui permainan dadu kegiatan 1 menghitung mata dadu 1memperoleh hasilÂ BSHÂ Â 8 oarang anak 40 % dan 4 Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata peningkatan kesiapan berhitung anak dari siklus I meningkat lagi pada siklus II yaiti memperoleh NilaiÂ BSH 10 oarng anak 71%. Artinya bermain dadu dapat meningkatkan kemampuan Kognitif dalam berhitung. Â Dalam kegiatan bermain dadu ini dilaksanakan dalamÂ 2 siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulakan bahwa; Kemampuan berhitung anak didik meningkatkan dari pra siklus ke siklus I kemudian ke siklus II secara signifikan dengan media dadu di TK Mutiara Pekanbaru, media dadu dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak dalam kegiatan berhitung di TK Mutiara Pekanbaru
Female great tits can identify mates by song

Abstract During incubation female great tits, Parus major , will leave the nest when their mate sings outside the nestbox. Playback was used to simulate such ‘calling out’ behaviour when the mate was absent in order to investigate whether females could distinguish between the song of their mate and songs from another male. The results were clear-cut, females were called out only by playback of the song of their mate, even when it was preceded by playback of another male. Demonstrations of female songbirds' ability to identify individuals such as mates are rare. This playback paradigm has the potential to be used in further investigations of the ability of females to identify songs.
Empirical Analyses of BOLD fMRI Statistics

Temporal autocorrelation, spatial coherency, and their effects on voxel-wise parametric statistics were examined in BOLD fMRI null-hypothesis, or "noise," datasets. Seventeen normal, young subjects were scanned using BOLD fMRI while not performing any time-locked experimental behavior. Temporal autocorrelation in these datasets was described well by a 1/frequency relationship. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of these noise datasets which assumed independence (i.e., ignored temporal autocorrelation) rejected the null hypothesis at a higher rate than specified by the nominal alpha. Temporal smoothing in conjunction with the use of a modified general linear model (Worsley and Friston, 1995, NeuroImage 2: 173-182) brought the false-positive rate closer to the nominal alpha. It was also found that the noise fMRI datasets contain spatially coherent time signals. This observed spatial coherence could not be fully explained by a continuously differentiable spatial autocovariance function and was much greater for lower temporal frequencies. Its presence made voxel-wise test statistics in a given noise dataset dependent, and thus shifted their distributions to the right or left of 0. Inclusion of a "global signal" covariate in the general linear model reduced this dependence and consequently stabilized (i.e., reduced the variance of) dataset false-positive rates.
Diversité et évolution du vitrage de l’Antiquité et du haut Moyen Âge : un état de la question

Zusammenfassung. Die archaologischen Funde, die literarischen Quellen und in bescheidenerem Mase die Ikonographie ermoglichen es, verschiedene Arten von Fensterscheiben aus Glas oder Stein zu unterscheiden. Anhand einer breiten Dokumentation aus den Provinzen des westromischen und ostromischen Reiches zeigt die Studie die Entwicklung der Formen, Techniken und Materialien vom 1. bis 7. Jh. u. Z. auf und versucht den Platz des Fensterglases in der Architektur zu rekonstruieren. Seit dem Ende der augusteischen Zeit sind offentliche Gebaude, vornehme Wohnhauser, Kultstatten und insbesondere Thermen mit gegossenem und ausgezogenem Fensterglas ausgestattet. Die haufigste Scheibenform, flach und rechtwinklig, ist den Forschern schon lange bekannt. Andere Formen, kreisformig oder ebenfalls rechtwinklig, jedoch gewolbt, dienen hauptsachlich der Verglasung von Scheiteloffnungen. Geblasenes Fensterglas erscheint im Laufe des 4. Jhs. Im Westen wird es ausschlieslich durch das Zylinderblasverfahren hergestellt. In den ostlichen Provinzen findet man dagegen neben zylindergeblasenem Fensterglas auch Glasscheiben, die durch das Mondglasverfahren hergestellt werden. Bereits seit dem 4. Jh. werden kleine Glasstucke mit geometrischen Formen in Blei gefasst, und fuhren zur Entstehung des Bleiglasfensters, das im 6. Jh. auch farbig wird. Die ersten bemalten Fenster tauchen im 8. Jh. auf. Wahrend literarische Quellen von Fensterscheiben aus Stein berichten, die oft transparenter seien als Glasfenster, sind die archaologischen Zeugnisse diesbezuglich relativ selten. Dieses Material, fur das die naturlichen Vorkommen nacheinander ausgebeutet werden, ist wahrend des ganzen hier untersuchten Zeitraums gebrauchlich.
Modelling sexual segregation in ungulates: effects of group size, activity budgets and synchrony

Abstract Sexual segregation is common in ungulates and some social mammals but its causes are still poorly understood. We developed an individual-based, spatially explicit simulation model to test whether sexual differences in activity could lead to sexual segregation. In our model, males and females differed only in their propensity to switch from an active to a passive state and vice versa, with males being more reluctant to get up and more ready to lie down than the more active females, or vice versa. The only factor in our model that affected sexual segregation was the sexual difference in the propensity to switch from an active to a passive state and vice versa. As differences in activity budgets increased, the degree of sexual segregation increased. Sexual segregation reached a peak when sexual differences in activity budgets were greatest. This high level of segregation remained, even when animals were programmed to adjust their activity to other animals in their vicinity. Our results verify the logic of the activity budget hypothesis that sexual differences in time spent active (grazing, walking) versus passive (lying, ruminating) can, in principle, result in sexual segregation. However, this does not exclude alternative mechanisms. Our model could also be applied to any social animal foraging in groups. Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
κ1 Receptor mRNA Distribution in the Rat CNS: Comparison to κ Receptor Binding and Prodynorphin mRNA

Abstract Three opioid receptor types have been identified in the CNS and periphery that are referred to as μ, δ, and κ. The present study examines the mRNA distribution of the κ 1 receptor in the rat brain and compares it to the distribution of κ receptor-binding sites and prodynorphin mRNA using a combination of in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiographic techniques. κ 1 receptor mRNA was localized with a cRNA probe generated with a Bam HI- Hin dIII cDNA fragment of the rat κ 1 receptor and corresponds to the last 45 bp of the protein coding region and 728 nucleotides of the 3′ untranslated region. Prodynorphin mRNA was localized with a cRNA probe corresponding to a 733-bp Bam HI- Hinc II fragment of prodynorphin. κ receptor-binding sites were labeled in one of two ways: [ 3 H]U69,593 or [ 3 H]bremazocine in the presence of a 300-fold excess of DAMGO and DPDPE. A high degree of correspondence between the κ 1 receptor mRNA and κ receptor binding was observed in several brain regions, including the endopiriform nucleus, claustram, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial preoptic area, paraventricular, supraoptic, suprachiasmatic, dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei, basolateral, medial and cortical amygdaloid nuclei, midline thalamic nuclei, periaqueductal grey, parabrachial nucleus, locus coeruleus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Differences in the localization of κ 1 receptor mRNA and binding and the relationship between the distribution of κ 1 receptor and prodynorphin mRNAs are discussed.
Search Result Diversification

Ranking in information retrieval has been traditionally approachedas a pursuit of relevant information, under the assumption that theusers' information needs are unambiguously conveyed by their submittedqueries. Nevertheless, as an inherently limited representation of amore complex information need, every query can arguably be consideredambiguous to some extent. In order to tackle query ambiguity,search result diversification approaches have recently been proposed toproduce rankings aimed to satisfy the multiple possible informationneeds underlying a query. In this survey, we review the published literatureon search result diversification. In particular, we discuss themotivations for diversifying the search results for an ambiguous queryand provide a formal definition of the search result diversification problem.In addition, we describe the most successful approaches in theliterature for producing and evaluating diversity in multiple search domains.Finally, we also discuss recent advances as well as open researchdirections in the field of search result diversification.
Clinical Diabetes: Translating Research into Practice

Fonseca VA. 688 pages. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2006. $89.00. ISBN 1416002731. Order at www.us. elsevierhealth.com. Fields of medicine: Endocrinology, family medicine, internal medicine, and specialties. Format: Hardcover book. Audience: Physicians and other health care providers (including students) with an interest in diabetes and its management and diabetes educators. Purpose: To provide the reader with a comprehensive review of diabetes and its contemporary management in a user-friendly format. Content: This textbook is divided into 6 major sections (pathophysiology, complications, lifestyle management, pharmacologic therapy, special populations and situations, and management approaches) that include a total of 45 chapters. A CD-ROM is provided. Highlights: Approximately 80% of the 94 chapter authors are physicians, with the remainder being other providers and researchers. The chapter content is sophisticated and is written with the more experienced practitioner in mind. Each chapter begins with a highlighted boxed section called Key Points with salient points for the reader, and selected chapters include boxed sections highlighting controversies, pitfalls, or complications. Chapters are richly appointed with tables, figures, and boxed text (much arising from original research findings) to supplement the printed content and enhance the reader's understanding of complex or more difficult concepts. Nearly all the figures are depicted in color or are color photographs, and all figures can be viewed or downloaded from the provided CD-ROM. This textbook provides a good balance between basic science information and contemporary, clinically relevant material that can assist clinicians in making patient care decisions. The chapter summarizing the results from important clinical trials is particularly noteworthy. Limitations: An online version for periodic updates as new developments appear is not available. A few of the photographs are blurred. Customizable, printable patient education handouts, as advertised by the publisher, were not included on the CD-ROM. Related readings: Many textbooks on diabetes, its complications, and its management have been published for professionals. Recent comprehensive additions include the updated versions of DeFronzo and colleagues' International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus (J Wiley, 2004) and Pickup and Williams' Textbook of Diabetes (Blackwell Publishers, 2003). Both books have the disadvantages of earlier publication dates and higher cost. Reviewer: Charles D. Ponte, PharmD, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Assessment of peri‐implant defects at titanium and zirconium dioxide implants by means of periapical radiographs and cone beam computed tomography: An in‐vitro examination

OBJECTIVE To test the accuracy of measurement of interproximal peri-implant bone defects at titanium (Ti) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2 ) implants by digital periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 18 models, each containing one Ti and one ZrO2 implant, were cast in dental stone. Six models each were allocated to following defect groups: A-no peri-implant defect, B-1 mm width defect, C-1.5 mm width defect. The defect width was measured with a digital sliding caliper. Subsequently, the models were scanned by means of PR and CBCT. Three examiners assessed the defect width on PR and CBCT. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were applied to detect differences between imaging techniques and implant types. RESULTS For PR, the deviation of the defect width measurement (mm) for groups A, B, and C amounted to 0.01 ± 0.03, -0.02 ± 0.06, and -0.00 ± 0.04 at Ti and 0.05 ± 0.02, 0.01 ± 0.03, and 0.09 ± 0.03 at ZrO2 implants. The corresponding values (mm) for CBCT reached 0.10 ± 0.11, 0.26 ± 0.05, and 0.24 ± 0.08 at Ti and 1.07 ± 0.06, 0.64 ± 0.37, and 0.54 ± 0.17 at ZrO2 implants. Except for Ti with defect A, measurements in PR were significantly more accurate in comparison to CBCT (p ≤ 0.05). Both methods generally yielded more accurate measurements for Ti than for ZrO2 . CONCLUSIONS The assessment of interproximal peri-implant defect width at Ti and ZrO2 implants was more accurate in PR in comparison to CBCT. Measurements in CBCT always led to an overestimation of the defect width, reaching clinical relevance for ZrO2 implants.
Influence of pH on the balance between methanogenesis and iron reduction

Methanogenesis and iron reduction play major roles in determining global fluxes of greenhouse gases. Despite their importance, environmental factors that influence their interactions are poorly known. Here, we present evidence that pH significantly influences the balance between each reaction in anoxic environments that contain ferric (oxyhydr)oxide minerals. In sediment bioreactors that contained goethite as a source of ferric iron, both iron reduction and methanogenesis occurred but the balance between them varied significantly with pH. Compared to bioreactors receiving acidic media (pH 6), electron donor oxidation was 85% lower for iron reduction and 61% higher for methanogenesis in bioreactors receiving alkaline media (pH 7.5). Thus, methanogenesis displaced iron reduction considerably at alkaline pH. Geochemistry data collected from U.S. aquifers demonstrate that a similar pattern also exists on a broad spatial scale in natural settings. In contrast, in bioreactors that were not augmented with goethite, clay minerals served as the source of ferric iron and the balance between each reaction did not vary significantly with pH. We therefore conclude that pH can regulate the relative contributions of microbial iron reduction and methanogenesis to carbon fluxes from terrestrial environments. We further propose that the availability of ferric (oxyhydr)oxide minerals influences the extent to which the balance between each reaction is sensitive to pH. The results of this study advance our understanding of environmental controls on microbial methane generation and provide a basis for using pH and the occurrence of ferric minerals to refine predictions of greenhouse gas fluxes.
Oxidación lipídica en productos lácteos: influencia de la adición de ácidos grasos funcionales

El objetivo general de esta tesis es abordar el estudio del proceso de oxidacion en productos lacteos, con especial atencion a los siguientes aspectos: a) Determinacion de los compuestos de oxidacion presentes en una gran variedad de productos lacteos comercializados, tradicionales y funcionales: evaluacion de metodos oficiales y desarrollo de metodos alternativos. b) Estudios de oxidacion especificos en formulas infantiles modelo y comercializadas, para determinar el efecto de tratamientos termicos de esterilizacion, la adicion de acidos grasos poliinsaturados y las condiciones de almacenamiento en la formacion de compuestos oxidados. c) Estudios de oxidacion especificos en sistemas modelo y productos comercializados con CLA, para identificar y cuantificar los compuestos de oxidacion formados, volatiles y no volatiles, y evaluar la influencia de la temperatura y accion de antioxidantes fenolicos, entre otras variables, en la cinetica de oxidacion. La contribucion general de esta Tesis ha sido aumentar el conocimiento de los mecanismos de oxidacion lipidica en productos lacteos, concretamente en los altamente susceptibles a esta alteracion, es decir, los productos lacteos funcionales enriquecidos en acidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-3 y acido linoleico conjugado. Asi mismo, se han propuesto nuevos metodos para evaluar el estado de oxidacion de estos productos, cuyo control es esencial para garantizar que los lipidos bioactivos adicionados proporcionen los beneficios nutricionales esperados.
Adoption of Improved Cultivation Practices of Turmeric in Yavatmal District

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a herbaceous perennial plant growing up to the height of 60 – 90 cm with short stem and native South Asia particularly India. The plant is propagated by rhizomes. Turmeric is one of the most important and ancient spice of India and a traditional crop having very good commercial value for spice oils and oleoresins. It is used daily extensively by all classes of people in the preparation of tasty curried dishes. A few species are naturalized in North Eastern regions of India and Java.