Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION TO MAXIMIZE PLANET SENSITIVITY AND YIELD FROM SPACE-BASED MICROLENS PARALLAX SURVEYS

Space-based microlens parallax measurements are a powerful tool for understanding planet populations, especially their distribution throughout the Galaxy. However, if space-based observations of the microlensing events must be specifically targeted, it is crucial that microlensing events enter the parallax sample without reference to the known presence or absence of planets. Hence, it is vital to define objective criteria for selecting events where possible and to carefully consider and minimize the selection biases where not possible so that the final sample represents a controlled experiment. We present objective criteria for initiating observations and determining their cadence for a subset of events, and we define procedures for isolating subjective decision making from information about detected planets for the remainder of events. We also define procedures to resolve conflicts between subjective and objective selections. These procedures maximize the planet sensitivity of the sample as a whole by allowing for planet detections even if they occur before satellite observations for objectively selected events and by helping to trigger fruitful follow-up observations for subjectively chosen events. This paper represents our public commitment to these procedures, which is a necessary component of enforcing objectivity on the experimental protocol. They will be implemented for the 2015 Spitzer microlensing campaign.
Premorbid IQ Influence on Screening Tests’ Scores in Healthy Patients and Patients With Cognitive Impairment

Cognitive screening tests are well-established tools for detecting cognitive impairment, but concerns regarding the influence of premorbid intelligence on patient’s performance and cognitive status classification remain. Risk of inaccurate assessment especially affects the elders with high or low premorbid intelligence (who are more likely to be misclassified). The present study examines the influence of premorbid intelligence assessed by the TeLPI (an irregular words reading test) on 2 cognitive screening tests, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), in healthy participants and patients with cognitive impairments (mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease). Results show that premorbid IQ influences the MMSE and the MoCA scores in both the groups, predicting variance from 8.4% to 33.2%, according to test and group analyzed. Hence, we propose that whenever the MMSE or the MoCA is used, premorbid IQ evaluation should also be considered to ensure correct interpretation and classification.
Analysis of temporal variability of measured and modeled vertical distributions of salinity and temperature in the Gulf of Finland during 10-year period

The Gulf of Finland is the sub-basin of the Baltic Sea seriously affected by eutrophication. General Estuarine Transport Model (GETM) was used for modeling hydrophysical fields of the Gulf during the period from 1997 to 2005. The results of the hydrodynamic modeling are important input for ecosystem modeling, in which salinity and temperature variations play the most important role. An accurately simulated salinity field is to some extent a proof that the transport of passive bio-chemical tracers can also be simulated correctly. In this study validation of the results of GETM is performed and comparison with Modular Ocean Model (MOM) is provided. These two models differ in numerical schemes that are used for solving the model equations, in model setup and to some extent in forcing. At first the time series of surface and bottom temperature and salinity from GETM are visually compared with measurements. Long-term measurement data from three HELCOM monitoring stations representing western, central and eastern parts of the Gulf were used. In this study we focus on Taylor diagram that provides quick summary of the degree of patterns correspondence and allows seeing how well model simulates natural pattern. For statistical analysis the surface temperature and salinity have been given the values at a depth of 5 m, and the bottom salinity and temperature are the corresponding values at the lowest depth (about 60 m) at which measurements were carried out. The validation results were grouped similarly for both models. Modeled surface temperature showed good agreement with observed data in all three stations. Root mean square error (RMSE) was between 0.2 and 0.4, correlation coefficients between 0.94 and 0.98 and normalized standard deviations between 0.9 and 1.1 for the both models. Thus, seasonal cycles in the upper layer were reproduced well. Bottom temperatures and surface and bottom salinities were reproduced with lower quality. Bottom temperatures were better reproduced in the western and central Gulf than in the eastern Gulf. Surface salinity was simulated with the same quality in all stations by GETM, while MOM reproduced salinity better in the central Gulf compared to the eastern and western part. Bottom salinities were better simulated by MOM than by GETM. The latter showed larger variability due to higher spatial resolution.
Deposited in DRO : 12 February 2014 Version of attached le : Other Peer-review status of attached

Motivated by recent results in mathematical virology, we present novel asymmetric Z[τ]-integer-valued affine extensions of the non-crystallographic Coxeter groups H2, H3 and H4 derived in a Kac-Moody-type formalism. In particular, we show that the affine reflection planes which extend the Coxeter group H3 generate (twist) translations along 2-, 3and 5-fold axes of icosahedral symmetry, and we classify these translations in terms of the Fibonacci recursion relation applied to different start values. We thus provide an explanation of previous results concerning affine extensions of icosahedral symmetry in a Coxeter group context, and extend this analysis to the case of the noncrystallographic Coxeter groups H2 and H4. These results will enable new applications of group theory in physics (quasicrystals), biology (viruses) and chemistry (fullerenes). IPPP/11/66, DCPT/11/132 ∗E-mail: pierre-philippe.dechant@durham.ac. uk †E-mail: c.m. boehm@durham.ac. uk ‡E-mail: rt507@york.ac. uk 1 ar X iv :1 11 0. 52 19 v3 [ m at hph ] 1 J un 2 01 2
Competitive enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to a 43,000-molecular-weight Francisella tularensis outer membrane protein for the diagnosis of tularemia

Antibodies against a 43,000-molecular-weight Francisella tularensis outer membrane (OM) protein (43K protein) were measured in paired serum specimens from 23 patients with tularemia and matched against antibodies in sera from 25 patients with nontularemic infectious diseases and from 25 blood donors. Antibodies were measured by a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which tested the ability of human serum to compete with rabbit anti-43K protein antibodies for its binding to the F. tularensis OM coat. The sera from nontularemic patients and from blood donors, in dilutions of 1:16 and 1:64, respectively, showed no or very low levels of antibodies. All of the tularemia patients showed positive tests with the first, the second, or both of the serum specimens examined. For instance, with serum diluted 1:64, each of the serum specimens showed a sensitivity of 95.7% and a specificity of 96%. When used for antibody competition in Western blotting (immunoblotting), the rabbit anti-43K selectivity blocked the binding of human serum antibodies to the 43,000-molecular-weight protein. This protein was immunoaccessible in Formalin-killed F. tularensis. These data indicate an important role of the 43,000-molecular-weight OM protein in the immunobiology of tularemia and emphasize its potential usefulness as an antigen in serodiagnostic tests.
Detection of gamma radiation-induced DNA damage in maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) assessed using the comet assay

Purpose: The Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Comet assay, being a quick, simple, sensitive, reliable and fairly inexpensive method for measuring DNA strand breaks, has been used to assess DNA damage caused by gamma radiation in developmental stages of maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. Materials and methods: An analysis of DNA damage following gamma radiation (60Cobalt) treatments at a dose of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy (Kilo Gray) has been carried out with cells obtained from the larvae, pupae and adults of S. zeamais. Results: Gamma radiation induced significant damage at DNA level in the experimental larvae, pupae and adults as manifested by increased strand breaks compared to intact cells from non-irradiated ones. Comet assay revealed that tail length and % tail DNA varied significantly for all developmental stages of S. zeamais. Conclusions: This study suggests that the comet assay would be a potentially useful tool for detecting DNA damage in insect pest control strategies due to its advantages in the requirement of small numbers of cells per sample and sensitivity in detecting low levels of DNA damage.
Spatial Long-Term Memory Is Related to Mossy Fiber Synaptogenesis

Structural synaptic changes have been suggested to underlie long-term memory formation. In this work, we investigate if hippocampal mossy fiber synaptogenesis induced by water maze overtraining can be related with long-term spatial memory performance. Rats were trained in a Morris water maze for one to five identical daily sessions and tested for memory retrieval 1 week and 1 month after training. After the last test session, the rat brains were obtained and processed for Timm's staining to analyze mossy fiber projection. The behavioral results showed that with more training, animals showed a better performance in the memory tests, and this performance positively correlates with Timm's staining in the stratum oriens. Furthermore, with the use of the NMDA antagonist MK801 before, but not after acquisition, water maze spatial memory was impaired. Increased Timm's staining in the stratum oriens was observed in the animals treated with MK801 after acquisition but not in those treated before. Finally, we observed that mossy fiber synaptogenesis occurs mainly in the septal region of the dorsal hippocampus, supporting the idea that this anterior region is important for spatial memory. Altogether, these results suggest that mossy fiber synaptogenesis can be related with spatial long-term memory formation.
Thorium abundances on the lunar surface

Measurements of absolute thorium abundances on the lunar surface are presented using both the high- and low-altitude data taken with the Lunar Prospector Gamma-Ray Spectrometer. An analysis of the uncertainties shows that the measured uncertainties are 7 µg/g are likely small area regions ≤ (150 km) 2 . Using lunar topographic data, we have shown that the thorium abundances in the lunar high- lands and portions of South Pole-Aitken (SPA) Basin are larger for lower elevations. We have also studied a number of regions with anomalously high thorium abundances such as the northwestern region of SPA Basin, the crater Arago in western Tranquillitatis, and the Compton/Belkovich region in the northeastern highlands. The Compton/Belkovich region appears to be enriched with evolved rocks such as alkali anorthosite and currently represents the only such extended region on the Moon that has been identified. In contrast, Tycho crater has very low thorium abundances which suggests that KREEP was not assimilated at depth in this portion of the Moon.
Geochemical signatures in otoliths record natal origins of American shad

Abstract Population connectivity is a critical component in the life history dynamics of anadromous fishes and in the persistence of local populations. We used geochemical signatures in the otoliths of American shad Alosa sapidissima to determine natal origins and estimate rates of straying among river-specific populations along the U.S. Atlantic coast. Stable isotope (δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr:86Sr) and elemental (Mg: Ca, Mn: Ca, Sr: Ca and Ba: Ca) signatures in otoliths of juvenile American shad from rivers from Georgia to New Hampshire varied significantly, allowing for an average of 91% cross-validated accuracy when classifying individual fish to their natal rivers. We also found significant interannual variability in the geochemical signatures from several rivers, due largely to differences in δ18O values among years. We then used the ground-truthed geochemical signatures in the otoliths of juvenile American shad to identify the natal origins of spawning adults in the York River system in Virginia. Approxi.
Bi-Aspect Nonparametric Testing

Riassunto: facendo riferimento alla teoria della Combinazione Nonparametrica (Pesarin 2001), Marozzi (2002 & 2003) ha proposto due metodi nonparametrici bi-aspetto per il controllo di ipotesi sulla locazione. Esperimenti di simulazione rivelano come questi test siano marcatamente piu potenti dei tradizionali test parametrici e di permutazione (tipicamente test uni-aspetto) quando la distribuzione generatrice e a coda pesante o notevolmente asimmetrica. In questo lavoro si fornisce una presentazione dettagliata e unificata della teoria e dell’idea alla base dei metodi. Vengono inoltre discusse alcune applicazioni a dati reali che mostrano come i test bi-aspetto permettano di condurre un’inferenza maggiormente informativa di quella ottenibile con strumenti tradizionali.
Quantification of fibrosis in infarcted swine hearts by ex vivo late gadolinium-enhancement and diffusion-weighted MRI methods

Many have speculated that MRI signal characteristics can be used to identify regions of heterogeneous infarct associated with an arrhythmogenic substrate; however, direct evidence of this relationship is limited. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the remodelling characteristics of fibrosis by means of histology and high-resolution MR imaging. For this purpose, we performed whole-mount histology in heart samples (n = 9) collected from five swine at six weeks post-infarction and compared the extent of fibrosis in the infarcted areas delineated in these histological images with that obtained ex vivo by MRI using late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) methods. All MR images were obtained at a submillimetre resolution (i.e., voxel size of 0.6 × 0.6 × 1.2 mm3). Specifically, in the histology images, we differentiated moderate fibrosis (consisting of a mixture of viable and non-viable myocytes, known as border zone, BZ) from severe fibrosis (i.e., the dense scar). Correspondingly, tissue heterogeneities in the MR images were categorized by a Gaussian mixture model into healthy, BZ and scar. Our results showed that (a) both MRI methods were capable of qualitatively distinguishing sharp edges between dense scar and healthy tissue from regions of heterogeneous BZ; (b) the BZ and dense scar areas had intermediate-tohigh increased values of signal intensity in the LGE images and of apparent diffusion coefficient in the DWI, respectively. In addition, as demonstrated by the Picrosirius Red and immunohistochemistry stains, the viable bundles in the BZ were clearly separated by thin collagen strands and had reduced expression 5 Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed. 0031-9155/13/155009+20$33.00 © 2013 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine Printed in the UK & the USA 5009
Chemotherapy in penile cancer

Penile cancer is an aggressive disease and after systemic progression it is virtually incurable. While this squamous cell cancer responds to chemotherapy, successful treatment of lymphatic metastases can only be achieved with aggressive surgical treatment in combination with chemotherapy. However, because penile carcinoma is relatively rare there is a paucity of clinical data on the chemotherapy for this aggressive disease. Recent advances have included the establishment of less toxic regimens incorporating taxanes, while cisplatinum remains central to all regimens. Multi-institutional studies are urgently needed to advance the multimodal care for patients with penile cancer.
Towards accurate building recognition using convolutional neural networks

Building recognition from images is a challenging task since pictures can be taken from different angles and under different illumination conditions. Most of the building recognition methods use local and global handcrafted image features and do not consider the rejection scenario, where the method have to be capable of identifying if a given image does not belong to any of the classes of interest. We propose a method based on convolutional neural networks that obtain effective feature vectors to perform accurate classification of buildings. Additionally, we analyze and propose methods for the problem of classification with rejection.
Impact of palivizumab on admission to the ICU for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a national survey.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of palivizumab licensing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis on national pediatric ICU (PICU) admissions and on the need for mechanical ventilation due to RSV bronchiolitis in Israel. DESIGN Prospective national surveillance survey. SETTING All PICUs in Israel. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS All patients admitted to a PICU because of acute bronchiolitis in two consecutive RSV seasons (November 2000 to April 2001 and November 2001 to April 2002). METHODS Data on demographic and epidemiologic factors and RSV prophylaxis status were collected for every infant with bronchiolitis who was admitted to a PICU in Israel in the year before and after issuance of the Israel Ministry of Health recommendation for palivizumab prophylaxis (January 2001). RESULTS One hundred five patients were admitted to a PICU because of RSV bronchiolitis in the year before the recommendations were issued, and 123 patients were admitted in the year after they were issued. Mechanical ventilation was required by 33 and 42 children, respectively. Gestational age was > 32 weeks in 92.9% and 83.9% of the admitted patients, respectively, and 89% and 91% of the patients, respectively, were free of chronic lung disease (CLD). In both periods, 83% of the children who were admitted to a PICU did not meet the American Academy of Pediatrics criteria for RSV prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS Most of the children with severe RSV bronchiolitis needing PICU admission from 2000 to 2002 born at term did not have CLD and were not candidates for RSV prophylaxis according to the current recommendations.
TimeNet: Pre-trained deep recurrent neural network for time series classification

Inspired by the tremendous success of deep Convolutional Neural Networks as generic feature extractors for images, we propose TimeNet: a deep recurrent neural network (RNN) trained on diverse time series in an unsupervised manner using sequence to sequence (seq2seq) models to extract features from time series. Rather than relying on data from the problem domain, TimeNet attempts to generalize time series representation across domains by ingesting time series from several domains simultaneously. Once trained, TimeNet can be used as a generic off-the-shelf feature extractor for time series. The representations or embeddings given by a pre-trained TimeNet are found to be useful for time series classification (TSC). For several publicly available datasets from UCR TSC Archive and an industrial telematics sensor data from vehicles, we observe that a classifier learned over the TimeNet embeddings yields significantly better performance compared to (i) a classifier learned over the embeddings given by a domain-specific RNN, as well as (ii) a nearest neighbor classifier based on Dynamic Time Warping.
Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria Diversity in Terrestrial Antarctic Microenvironments Evaluated by Culture-Dependent and Independent Methods

Bacterial diversity from McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica, the coldest desert on earth, has become more easily assessed with the development of High Throughput Sequencing (HTS) techniques. However, some of the diversity remains inaccessible by the power of sequencing. In this study, we combine cultivation and HTS techniques to survey actinobacteria and cyanobacteria diversity along different soil and endolithic micro-environments of Victoria Valley in McMurdo Dry Valleys. Our results demonstrate that the Dry Valleys actinobacteria and cyanobacteria distribution is driven by environmental forces, in particular the effect of water availability and endolithic environments clearly conditioned the distribution of those communities. Data derived from HTS show that the percentage of cyanobacteria decreases from about 20% in the sample closest to the water source to negligible values on the last three samples of the transect with less water availability. Inversely, actinobacteria relative abundance increases from about 20% in wet soils to over 50% in the driest samples. Over 30% of the total HTS data set was composed of actinobacterial strains, mainly distributed by 5 families: Sporichthyaceae, Euzebyaceae, Patulibacteraceae, Nocardioidaceae, and Rubrobacteraceae. However, the 11 actinobacterial strains isolated in this study, belonged to Micrococcaceae and Dermacoccaceae families that were underrepresented in the HTS data set. A total of 10 cyanobacterial strains from the order Synechococcales were also isolated, distributed by 4 different genera (Nodosilinea, Leptolyngbya, Pectolyngbya, and Acaryochloris-like). In agreement with the cultivation results, Leptolyngbya was identified as dominant genus in the HTS data set. Acaryochloris-like cyanobacteria were found exclusively in the endolithic sample and represented 44% of the total 16S rRNA sequences, although despite our efforts we were not able to properly isolate any strain from this Acaryochloris-related group. The importance of combining cultivation and sequencing techniques is highlighted, as we have shown that culture-dependent methods employed in this study were able to retrieve actinobacteria and cyanobacteria taxa that were not detected in HTS data set, suggesting that the combination of both strategies can be usefull to recover both abundant and rare members of the communities.
The electrocardiogram in pulmonary stenosis--a reappraisal.

TSOLATED pulmonary stenosis imposes a pres- sure load on the right ventricle. The degree of right ventricular hypertrophy in the electro¬ cardiogram is an indirect measure of the severity of this pressure loading. Although there is some difference of opinion, several authors have concluded that a useful prediction of the sever¬ ity of stenosis can be made from the electro* cardiogram in conjunction with clinical findings. The present study was undertaken to assess the relative precision of various electrocardiographic measurements in predicting the peak right ven¬ tricular systolic pressure. Modern statistical methods and computer facilities were used.
Toxicity of Inhaled HCN

than Patty (1963) for data on the toxicity of hydrogen cyanide (HCN). The figures quoted in Patty’s book appear to originate in experiments performed before 1912 and cited by Kobert (1912). These studies which were carried out in rabbits and do not appear to have been fully published, give figures that are strikingly low by comparison with other sources (McNamara, 1976; Barcroft, 1931). One source that would have been invaluable would have been the US Department of the Army Report by McNamara (1976). McNamara derives his own figures for the human inhalation toxicity of HCN but he also cites the Moore and Gates formula for calculating the LCt50 of inhaled hydrogen cyanide. Moore and Gates related the LCt50 to the intravenous LD50 as follows: