Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histopathological Responses of Liver and Kidney of a Freshwater Cyprinid, Labeo rohita to Nickel Sulphate

Nickel is frequently detected as a strong contaminant in aquatic environment, exhibiting potential threat to environment and human health. The objectives of our study were to determine 96h LC50 values of nickel sulphate against freshwater cyprinid (Labeo rohita), and to determine the effects of acute doses of nickel sulphate on the histological changes of its liver and kidney. The acute toxicity test for Labeo rohita revealed 96h LC50 values of 19.21 mg/L for nickel sulphate (NiSO4.7H2O). In nickel sulphate treated group (Ni-T), the liver tissues exhibited mild cellular hypertrophy, severe fatty change, karyorrhexis, mild karyopyknosis, acute blood congestion, blood vessel sclerosis, severe irregular shaped cell with irregular shaped nuclei, and nuclear hypertrophy. In Ni-T group, the most prominent alterations investigated in the kidneys sections of Labeo rohita were blood congestion in blood vessel, liquefactive necrosis of first and second proximal segments, enlargement of glomerulus, irregularity in interstitial haematopoietic tissue due to tubular necrosis, glomerulus degeneration, cellular hypertrophy of renal tubule, cytoplasmic vacuolization in glomerulus, tubular necrosis and peritubular vacuolization due to narrowing of second proximal segment. These findings suggest that nickel sulphate at higher doses is highly toxic to Labeo rohita.
History of ardennite and the new mineral ardennite-(V)

Ardennite-(V), ideally Mn4[Al4(AlMg)][Si5V]O22(OH)6, is the analogue of ardennite, ideally Mn4[Al4(AlMg)][Si5As]O22(OH)6, with V dominant at the T4 site. The history of the discovery of ardennite is outlined, with special accent on its chemical composition; revision of the old literature evidenced that even if vanadium-containing specimens were considered since the first description, the analytical data contained in the first papers are very questionable, and ardennite has been so far considered an arsenate-silicate. A new occurrence of ardennite-(V) is described from Sparone, Locana Valley (TO), Piedmont, Italy. Here ardennite-(V) occurs within a piemontite-bearing micaschist. Crystals are elongated along [010] and very thin (up to 1 mm in length and a few microns in diameter), are yellow with a white streak, transparent with a vitreous lustre, and brittle. No cleavage or parting were observed. The calculated density is 3.55 g/cm3. Optically, ardennite-(V) is biaxial, with α > 1.765(5), β < 1.775(5), and γ = 1.775(5), and is weakly pleochroic, with X, Y = pale yellow; Z = yellowish. Electron microprobe analyses (P2O5 0.38 wt.%, As2O5 0.37, V2O5 4.60, SiO2 31.21, TiO2 0.21, Al2O3 22.60, Fe2O3 1.64, Cr2O3 0.34, MgO 4.44, MnO tot 23.28, CaO 4.24, Na2O 0.02, F 0.17, H2O calc 5.70), gave the following empirical formula: [Mn2+3.221Ca0. 774Na0.006]∑ = 4.001 [Al4.456Mg1. 127Fe3+0.210Mn3+0.137Cr0. 046Ti0.027] ∑ = 6.003 [Si5.000] [V0.518Si0. 315Al0.080P0. 055As0.033] ∑ =1.001 O21.433 (OH)6.475 F0.092. The five strongest peaks in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [ d (A)( I )( hkl )] are: 2.948(90)(115), 2.609(100)(310/116), 2.033(55)(225), 1.585(75)(425), 1.477(45)(2.2.10). Ardennite-(V) is orthorhombic, space group Pnmm , with a 8.760(3), b 5.838(2), c 18.56(2) A. Both the new mineral and its name were approved by the IMA CNMNC. Chemical analyses which point to the occurrence of ardennite-(V) were recorded also at Varenche mine, S. Barthelemy, Aosta Valley, Italy, but the crystal showed a marked zoning.
The Influence of Household Procurement Strategies on Food Intake and Nutritional Status of Pre-school Children in Rural Western Kenya

A cross sectional survey design was set up to assess the influence of household procurement strategies on food intake and nutritional status of preschool children in from 196 households in Vihiga County, Kenya. Dietary diversity was positively correlated with food availability (p<0.05). Increased consumption of bread and cereals, and, fruits and vegetables was influenced by food availability and food consumption (dietary diversity) (<0.05). Roots and tubers, legumes and pulses, and carbonated drinks were the main contributors to food procurement strategies and availability (F= 3.419, F sig=0.02). Nutrition outcome was influenced by household socioeconomic status (R= 0.189, p value = 0.012) and income levels of households (R= 0.246, p value= 0.002), while procurement strategies had no effect on the nutritional status of the pre-school child. Household income levels determined food availability, diversity and intake.
The long-run Relationship between Human Capital and Economic Growth in Sweden

The relationship between education and economic growth has been one of the fundamental themes of economic analysis. Despite the growing interest in the relationship between growth and education, and despite the strong theoretical foundations for a key role of education/human capital in economic growth, the empirical evidences, particularly those using causality analyses, are fragile at best. By utilizing the recently developed series of human capital, this paper examined the causal relationship between human capital and economic growth for Sweden over the period 1870-2000. The result from the Granger causality test shows that there is bidirectional causality running from human capital to output per worker and vice versa. Moreover, using vector error correction model, the paper shows that human capital has a significant positive impact on economic growth in Sweden.
A Study on the Moderating Effect of Family Functioning on the Relationship between Deviant Peer Affiliation and Delinquency among Chinese Adolescents

This study examined the interaction effect between family functioning and delinquent peer association on delinquent behavior in a sample of 534 adolescents from five middle schools in Shenzhen, the People’s Republic ofChina. The results showed that both exposure to delinquent peers and family functioning had significant main effects on delinquency, and family functioning significantly buffered the negative effect of association with deviant peers on delinquency. Further analyses using the five subscales of family functioning demonstrated that family harmony and parental concern were significantly predictive of delinquency, and harmony, parental concern and control significantly moderated the risk of affiliating with deviant peers. This study suggested that harmonious family environment with high levels of parental concern and parental control were effective in alleviating the negative impact of deviant peer association on delinquent behavior in the Chinese context.
Essential oils and whole milk in the control of soybean powdery mildew

This research aimed to evaluate the potential of essential oils (EOs) and cow's whole milk (CWM) in order to control soybean powdery mildew and to estimate the most effective concentrations of these natural products in reducing the disease severity on soybean plants. Three experiments were carried out: The first experiment evaluated and selected the most effective treatments to reduce the severity of soybean powdery mildew under greenhouse conditions; the second experiment evaluated the effect of CWM and EOs of citronella, lemongrass, eucalyptus, cinnamon and tea tree on the pathogen through the ultrastructure analysis of soybean leaflets infected by Erysiphe diffusa using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope (LM) technology. In the third experiment, the most effective products were tested at several concentrations in order to define the most effective concentrations to reduce disease severity under greenhouse conditions. The treatments CWM (100mL L-1) and EOs of citronella, lemongrass and eucalyptus (1.0mL L-1), reduced the disease severity from 67 to 74%. Direct effects from all natural products tested on the structures of E. diffusa were demonstrated through the SEM and LM analysis. Concentrations at 1.5mL L-1 for EOs of citronella, lemongrass and eucalyptus and also at 180mL L-1 for the treatment CWM were the most effective against E. diffusa on soybean.
Facial-based ethnic recognition: insights from two closely related but ethnically distinct groups

Previous studies on facial recognition have considered widely separated populations, both geographically and culturally, making it hard to disentangle effects of familiarity with an ability to identify ethnic groups per se.We used data from a highly intermixed population of African peoples from South Africa to test whether individuals from nine different ethnic groups could correctly differentiate between facial images of two of these, the Tswana and Pedi. Individuals could not assign ethnicity better than expected by chance, and there was no significant difference between genders in accuracy of assignment. Interestingly, we observed a trend that individuals of mixed ethnic origin were better at assigning ethnicity to Pedi and Tswanas, than individuals from less mixed backgrounds. This result supports the hypothesis that ethnic recognition is based on the visual
Group Sexual Offending 2 Sex Offending in Groups

This review provides a current description of a number of contexts in which multiple perpetrator sexual offending occurs. Specifically, seven sub-categories of offences are examined under two main themes of ‘rape of peers/adults’ and ‘multiple perpetrator offenses against children. ’ This is complimented by a discussion of psychological theories and factors that contribute to the understanding of multiple perpetrator sexual offenses within a multifactorial framework. Individual, sociocultural and situational levels are examined to provide an explanation for the commitment of sexual offenses with others, with particular emphasis on theories and processes of group aggression. This review provides tentative ideas to stimulate thought and further research in this area.
Responses of Postharvest Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) florets to controlled atmospheres with varying CO2/O2 levels at different temperature

Controlled atmospheres (CA ) have been widely used in postharvest storage of f ruits and vegetables. The gas c ompositions of common CA are consisted of O 2 , CO 2 and N 2 , postharvest storage condition with gas combination of O 2 and CO 2 was rarely studied. In this research, the effects of CA with different CO 2 /O 2 levels, i.e. 70% O 2 + 30% CO 2 , 60% O 2 + 40% CO 2 , 50% O 2 +50% CO 2 , 40% O 2 + 60% CO 2 , 30% O 2 + 70% CO 2 , and air (control) on the storage life and properties of broccoli during storage were investigated at different temperatures including 0, 10 and 20°C. Results showed that the storage period of air treatments at 0, 10 and 20°C was 21, 12, and 4d . Treatments with 60%O 2 +40%CO 2 at 0°C, 50%O 2 +50%CO 2 at 10°C, and 40%O 2 +60%CO 2 at 20°C maximum inhibited respiration rate and ethylene production, maintain chlorophyll and ascorbic acid content, reduced the accumulation of acetaldehyde and ethanol, and extended the storage life of broccoli florets to 49, 31, and 14d . compared to 21 d at 0 °C, 12 d at 10 °C and 4 d at 20 °C in air-treated broccoli. These results indicated that an appropriate CA with O 2 /CO 2 might be a potential strategy for postharvest storage of broccoli heads, and the appropriate proportion of O 2 and CO 2 might vary with different temperature.
Offset on the Main Recent Fault of NW Iran and implications for the late Cenozoic tectonics of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone

SUMMARY We use drainage patterns, geological markers and geomorphological features to determine a right-lateral offset of ∼50 km, and possibly as much as ∼70 km, on the Main Recent Fault in NW Iran. This fault trends NW‐SE and forms the NE border of the Zagros mountains. It accommodates the strike-slip component of the N‐S convergence between Arabia and Eurasia, with the NE‐SW shortening component being accommodated in the Zagros Fold Belt. Its ∼50 km strike-slip offset implies a shortening of ∼50 km in the fold belt and ∼70 km total N‐S convergence accommodated in the NW Zagros. This is a substantial fraction of the 85‐ 140 km overall Arabia‐Eurasia convergence expected over the last 3‐5 Ma. If the Main Recent Fault initiated at that time, as seems likely from geological arguments, it has a horizontal slip rate of at least 10‐17 mm yr −1 and should be the source of frequent earthquakes of Ms 6‐7, as has been seen in the 20th century and the earlier historical record. The similarity of the offsets and probable ages of the North Anatolian and Main Recent Faults suggests that they have been active as an almost continuous zone of right-lateral shear on the north edge of the Arabian and Anatolian plates since the early Pliocene.
Complex kinematic rupture of the Mw 5.9, 1999 Athens earthquake as revealed by the joint inversion of regional seismological and SAR data

SUMMARY Slip distributions of the moderate magnitude (Mw 5.9), 1999 Athens earthquake, inverted from surface waves and interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, show very different characteristics. The robustness analysis proposed in this study, confirms the discrepancy between the well-constrained features of each individual solution. Irrespective of the hypotheses we made (data/modeling errors, slow deformation, post- or pre-seismic slip), the joint inversion of the two data sets led to a complex and heterogeneous rupture model. This model is characterized by a short rise time (< 5s )slip patch centred on the hypocentre, extending bilaterally up to 4 km depth and down to 17 km and releasing approximately 70 per cent of the total moment. Located further to the WNW and releasing the remaining 30 per cent of the total moment, a long rise time slip patch extends from 8 to 17 km depth. If the short rise time slip patch propagated above and below the brittle zone delineated by the aftershocks, the long rise time slip patch (slow deformation) appears to be mostly confined below the brittle zone. This unified model satisfies the analysis of the seismic and geodetic slip distributions as well as the location of the aftershock sequence and attests to the diversity of the crustal response even for moderate size faults.
Molecular Phylogeny of Whiskered Bats (Myotis, Vespretilionidae, Chiroptera) in Palaearctic Region

Morphological features and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences were analysed to study the phylogenetic relationships among eight species of whiskered bats (genus Myotis, subgenus Selysius) in the Palaearctic region. The mtDNA phylogeny did not support the current division of the subgenus into species groups based on morphological data and species distributions, but showed instead that several species in the subgenus Selysius originated from distant lineages. The morphological similarity in some species could be due to convergence as a result of adaptation to similar habitats.
Internal training load: perception of volleyball coaches and athletes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correspondence between perceived internal load of volleyball players of different positions with perceived internal load planned by the coach, as well as to compare the perceptions of internal training load between different positions in volleyball. The sample was composed of 15 professional volleyball players who were members of a 2012/2013 team in the Brazilian first division league. The athletes answered the Borg CR-10 scale after training, while the coach answered before the training, as was planned for this study. Data analysis was performed Kappa (K), one-way and two-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc using the statistical packages SPSS 19.0 and Statistica 8.0. The results indicated that all positions showed good agreement with the perception of the coach and no significant differences in perceptions of internal training load. However, when analysing the percentage of athletes' perceptions of intensity proposed by the coach, it was observed that athletes overestimate the sessions of easy training, while they underestimate the intensity of heavy training. The results indicate that there may be differences between the perceptions of coaches and athletes and reinforce the importance of adopting strategies for monitoring/control of daily training loads.
Adverse influence of awns on yield of wheat

Reciprocal backcrosses between two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) cultivars, awned Lee and awnletted Thatcher, provided "awnletted" Lee lines and "awned" Thatcher lines. Comparisons between yields of the awned and awnletted forms of the two cultivars at several locations in southern Alberta over a 4-year period showed a relation between awnedness and yield. The awnletted form generally was superior to the awned in yield. This finding contrasts with findings in most previous studies where the awned forms outyielded the awnless and awnletted ones. Moisture supply during the growing season did not influence the effect of awnedness on yield. Plumpness of kernels, contrary to the findings of some previous investigators, was not associated with awnedness. Differences in kernel count per spike were slight between the awned and awnletted pairs. Spike count per unit area was greater for the "awnletted" than for the awned Lee lines but was not different between the awnletted and "awned" Thatcher pairs.
The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Iranian Coping Style Scale (ICSS): Associations with Individual Differences

Historically, psychologists have been interested in categorizing and measuring coping styles. Moreover, development of culture-specific measures has been neglected in the coping literature. The present study is intended to develop and validate a parsimonious and broad measure of coping style in Iran. An item pool of 80 items was administered on a random sample of 911 university students in ten groups. A principled components analysis was performed on a subsample and a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the remaining subsample. Twelve concurrent measures were used to ensure concurrent validity. A principled components analysis suggested a nine-factor solution. A confirmatory factor analysis on a distinct subsample confirmed the nine-factor structure. Subscales were labeled as turning to religion, procrastination, positivity, selfblame, avoidance, seeking social support, problem solving, wishful thinking, and passivity. All subscales were significantly correlated with theoretically related constructs. Alpha coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.77 (problem solving) to 0.92 (turning to religion). The present study developed and validated the 45-item Iranian Coping Style Scale (ICSS) with nine subscales. Therefore, ICSS may be used as a reliable and valid measure of coping styles in research and clinical settings.
Machine Learning Approaches for Music Information Retrieval

The rapid growth of the Internet and the advancements of Internet technologies have made it possible for music listeners to have access to a large amount of on-line music data, including music sound signals, lyrics, biographies, and discographies. Music artists in the 21st century are promoted through various kinds of websites that are managed by themselves, by their fans, or by their record companies. Also, they are subjects of discussions in Internet newsgroups and bulletin boards. This raises the question of whether computer programs can enrich the experience of music listeners by enabling the listeners to have access to such a large volume of on-line music data. Multimedia conferences, e.g. ISMIR (International Conference on Music Information Retrieval) and WEDELMUSIC (Web Delivery of Music), have a focus on the development of computational techniques for analyzing, summarizing, indexing, and classifying music data. In [Huron, 2000] Huron points out that since the preeminent functions of music are social and psychological, the most useful characterizationwould be based on four types of information:
Global Risk, Investment and Emotions

We investigate a novel dynamic choice problem in an experiment where emotions are measured through self-reports. The choice problem concerns the investment of an amount of money in a safe option and a risky option when there is a ‘global risk’ of losing all earnings, from both options, including any return from the risky option. Our key finding is that global risk can reduce the amount invested in the risky option. This result cannot be explained by Expected Utility or by its main contenders, Rank-Dependent Utility and Cumulative Prospect Theory. An explanation is offered by taking account of emotions, using the emotion data from the experiment and recent psychological findings.
Cytology and Pollination Biology of Lamiaceae: A Review

Extensive cytological studies had revealed the presence of diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octaploid species in the Family Lamiaceae. Chromosome numbers vary from 2n=2x=14 in Salvia nemorosa to 2n=6x=102 in Stachys palustris L. Diversification in the Family may be attributed to the presence of polyploidy and aneuploidy. It is an eurypalynous family with pollen grains usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, prolate-spheroidal to oblate-spheroidal or sub-oblate to sub-prolate. Xenogamy is deeply rooted, and protandry or gynodioecy, especially frequent in this family, maximizes cross-fertilization. Fruits consist of four oneseeded nutlets (mericarps) formed within a persistent calyx, with seeds dehiscing during the warmer months. Individual seeds are characterized by a prominent attachment scar that is known as a mericarp plug
Title Lipoteichoic acid from an Enterococcus faecalis clinical strain promotes TNF-α expression through the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in differentiated THP-1 macrophages

To study the immune-inflammatory response and signaling mechanism of macrophages to purified Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) lipoteichoic acid (LTA), intact LTA was obtained from an E. faecalis clinical strain P25RC using the butanol method and hydrophobic interaction chromatography purification. The fractions containing LTA were determined using phosphate detection. Contaminations with lipopolysaccharide and proteins were excluded using the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. LTA was analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. Prior to LTA stimulation assays, THP-1 monocytes were pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate to differentiate into macrophages. Macrophages were treated with LTA in concentration gradients and cells without LTA treatment as the control. Gene expression of TLR2, CD14 and MyD88 were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)‐10 were quantified using ELISA. The activated and total nuclear factor‐κB (NF-κB) p65 and three mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, ERK1/2 and JNK) were assessed using western blot analysis. E. faecalis LTA induced the gene expression of TLR2 and MyD88 whilst it downregulated CD14, suggesting a TLR2-dependent and CD14‐independent immune‐inflammatory activity. LTA stimulated the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokine TNF‐α (P<0.05), but not the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10. In conclusion, E. faecalis LTA stimulated the expression of TNF-α in macrophages possibly through the NF-κB and p38 pathways.