Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
unconScIouS thought theory and ItS dIScontentS: a crItIque of the crItIqueS

A review of Unconscious Thought Theory, its original empirical support, and the several methodological and empirical critiques that followed leads to the following conclusions: (1) the basic tenants of Unconscious Thought Theory are in harmony with recent research and theory on unconscious processes if not with the dated, “straw-man” version of the unconscious presented by its critics; (2) the several published “failures to replicate” are actually, on closer inspection, found to be a series of consistent replications of at least the equivalent quality of unconsciously made versus consciously made decisions; (3) the most recent research is showing superiority of unconsciously made decisions in more ecologically valid “real-life” judgmental situations (e.g., fairness assessments and cheater detection) for which natural selection has likely equipped us with unconsciously operating expertise, compared to the artificial situations studied by the decision theorists (which often involve numerical computations); .
Dynamics in the satellite system of Triangulum: is And XXII a dwarf satellite of M33?

We present results from a spectroscopic survey of the dwarf spheroidal AndXXII and the two extended clusters EC1 and EC2. These three objects are candidate satellites of the Triangulum galaxy, M33, which itself is likely a satellite of M31. We use the DEep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph mounted on the Keck-II telescope to derive radial velocities for candidate member stars of these objects and thereby identify the stars that are most likely actual members. Eleven most probable stellar members (of 13 candidates) are found for AndXXII. We obtain an upper limit ofv < 6.0kms 1 for the velocity dispersion of AndXXII, (Fe/H)� 1.6 for its metallicity, and 255pc for the Plummer radius of its projected density profile. We construct a colour magnitude diagram for AndXXII and identify both the red giant branch and the horizontal branch. The position of the latter is used to derive a heliocentric distance to AndXXII of 853 ±26kpc. The combination of the radial velocity, distance, and angular position of AndXXII indicates that it is a strong candidate for being the first known satellite of M33 and one of the very few examples of a galactic satellite of a satellite. N- body simulations imply that this conclusion is unchanged even if M31 and M33 had a strong encounter in the past few Gyr. We test the hypothesis that the extended clusters highlight tidally stripped galaxies by searching for an excess cloud of halo-like stars in their vicinity. We find such a cloud for the case of EC1 but not EC2. The three objects imply a dynamical mass for M33 that is consistent with previous estimates.
Genetic Counseling and Testing for Hereditary Melanoma: An Updated Guide for Dermatologists

Melanoma is a multifactorial disease with environmental exposure, phenotype, and in rare cases, cancer predisposition genes each contributing to an individual's risk. Approximately 10% of melanomas occur in familial clusters, and germline mutations in CDKN2A account for 20-40% of families at high risk for this cancer. Dermatologists play a key role in identifying patients who may have an inherited risk for melanoma and in offering them appropriate genetic counseling and testing services. Identifying high-risk families permits patients and their at-risk relatives to benefit from tailored screening recommendations and risk reducing strategies. Incorporating risk assessment and appropriate pre- and post-test counseling into routine clinical practice can be challenging; therefore, partnerships with genetic counseling resources are necessary. Genetic counselors are trained to assess cancer risk, provide personalized risk assessment and management recommendations, and counsel patients regarding the ethical and psychosocial implications of genetic testing. This review will provide an updated guide for dermatologists regarding factors to consider in melanoma risk assessment including environmental exposure, phenotype, and genetic status. We will also discuss the process and potential outcomes of genetic testing for hereditary melanoma in high-risk families.
Clinical-Radiological, Pathological Profile and Treatment Outcome of Patients with Haemoptysis

Background: Haemoptysis is a frequently occurring life threatening situation which can occur in various pulmonary conditions. Managing a case of haemoptysis is often difficult due to a large spectrum of causative factors. The effective control of haemoptysis depends upon identification of the etiology and localization of the site of bleeding. Method: This was a two year cross sectional study of 102 patients who presented with active haemoptysis. Data from these patients was collected for the analyzing the underlying cause, diagnostic modality, treatment approach used and outcome of it in patients suffering from life-threatening haemoptysis. Results: Old Pulmonary tuberculosis, (34.31%), bronchiectasis (25.49%), lung cancer (11.76%), aspergilloma (10.78%) accounted for the most common etiologies of haemoptysis. 12 patients (11.76%), out of 102 had mild haemoptysis, 26 patients (25.49%) had moderate haemoptysis and 64 patients (62.74%) had massive/severe haemoptysis. CT chest was the most sensitive diagnostic test when employed alone, with positive yield of 93.14%. Among study population 61 patients (59.80%) were treated conservatively, 39 patients (38.23%) were treated by bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) and 2 patients underwent surgery for management of recurrent haemoptysis. Most of the patients were treated conservatively, but in case of significant haemoptysis, Bronchial artery embolization was performed than the conservative treatment. Success rate of conservative treatment group on a long term basis was 72.13%, BAE group 89.47%, surgical treatment group was 100%, without any significant statistical significance (p value=0.090). The duration of hospitalization among conservative treatment group was 4.37 days and BAE group was 10.51 days (P-value<0.001). Conclusion: The most common causes of haemoptysis were old pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchiectasis. Emergency bronchial artery embolisation is a better option than medical treatment for immediate cessation of haemoptysis. The successful treatment of haemoptysis requires thorough diagnostic evaluation and close interdisciplinary collaboration among pulmonologists, radiologists, and thoracic surgeons.
Profiling of Injuries Sustained During 2018 Football Tournament: An Observational Study

Objective: This study aims at documenting the incidences, nature and severity of injuries on the Kingdom of Swaziland football players. In addition, we investigate the association between injury incidence rates (IRs), players’ age and playing positions. Methods: Anthropometric characteristics, field-playing positions, match exposure injury occurrences were monitored in 24 teams (432 players). The teams were drawn from four main structures: Premier Soccer League (PSL), first division, super league and regional leagues (promotional league). The type, severity and duration of football-related injuries were documented following FIFA recommendations. Descriptive data was computed to characterize the injury profile using SPSS v23.0. Results: There were no significant differences on age (p=0.234, body mass (p=0.898 and height (p=0.451) among all players. IR of 29.8 (CI: 27.4, 32.2) injuries per 1000 exposure hours were observed. A sum of 92 injuries were observed and recorded. Of these injuries, 3 out of 4 were classified as either minimal (31.5%) or mild (35.9%), while merely 1 out of 10 injuries (5.4%) necessitated absence from play of more than 28 days. Overuse and traumatic injuries accounted for 27.3% and 78.3% respectively. Conclusions: The study reflected that the quantity and severity of injuries were not only associated with player’s age but also different playing positions. The injury profile of this nature can also enhance the knowledge of injuries, identification of risk factors for the most prevalent differential diagnoses in Swaziland soccer. Therefore, assisting sport medical teams and physicians to plan and develop any injury intervention programs.
Antagonistic interactions among common tropical household ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Antagonistic interactions are a common phenomenon among different ant species. Laboratory bioassays were conducted on five species of co-occurring household ant pests i.e. Solenopsis geminata, Monomorium latinode, Paratrechina longicornis, Tapinoma melanocephalum and Camponotus variegatus to examine interspecific antagonistic behavior. Although all the chosen ant species were found within a household environment, the study was conducted to observe aggressive behavior and interference competition if any, existing between the five ant species. Aggression was more pronounced in S. geminata than in M. latinode, P. longicornis, T. melanocephalum and C. variegatus. P. longicornis took less time to locate a food source than M. latinode, S. geminata, T. melanocephalum and C. variegatus, but could not continue to defend the food source against the aggressive S. geminata. Although the arrival of S. geminata was delayed at the food source, it dominated and defended the food from other ant species. The results of this study indicated that S. geminata is more aggressive and displayed dominance over other co-occurring household ant species.
THE TWO FACES OF R & D : Do firm ’ s absorptive capacities matter ?

This paper examines the direct and indirect effect of firms own R&D on total factor productivity among Swedish manufacturing firms. The R&D efforts do not only stimulate innovation but also enhance firms’ ability to assimilate outside knowledge. The paper assumes that the principal channel of transmission of new technology is through I/O relations. Econometric evidence suggests that in addition to a firm’s own R&D expenditures, spillovers stemming from the imports of intermediates from abroad and follow the technology gap are important determinants of firms’ productivity. The domestic R&D spillovers following the I/O links between industries seem to be of minor importance in this respect. Realising that a firm’s productivity is not only caused by its own R&D and knowledge spillovers, the firm’s absorptive capacity also contributes. This is very important particularly for assessing the effective contribution of spillovers from other firms. The effect of a firm’s R&D is found to interact positively with knowledge spillovers generated within the own industry, as well as domestic and imported rents spillovers.
Analysis of the genetic diversity of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) are among the most frequent causes of hospital infections worldwide, thus justifying the increasing use of vancomycin. In this study, we evaluated the presence of glycopeptide-resistant staphylococci, in 41 patients hospitalized in the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia in Uberlândia, MG, who were being treated with vancomycin. All isolates were plated on Mueller-Hinton agar containing vancomycin. Vancomycin resistance was confirmed by surface growth after incubation for 24-48 h at 35oC. Heteroresistance was evaluated by plating with a large inoculum (108 CFU/mL). One patient with nephritis who was on a hemodialysis program was diagnosed with the phenotype isolate of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) (CIM = 8 mg/mL) and in eight patients, strains of heteroresistant Staphylococcus corresponding to the hVISA phenotype were isolated. In addition to the extended use of vancomycin, other risk factors associated with the presence of these microorganisms included the use of three or more antimicrobial agents, surgery, and three or more invasive procedures. Molecular analysis by randon amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) showed two clusters involving two samples each one of them, in surgical patients, with temporal and spatial relationship and isolates similarity concerning the susceptibility range to antimicrobial agents.
The effects of dust on the derived photometric parameters of disks and bulges in spiral galaxies

Abstract Here we present results on the effects of dust on the derived Sérsic index of disks and bulges. This is part of a larger study (see Pastrav et al. 2012a, Pastrav et al. 2012b) that quantifies the dust effects on all photometric parameters, including scale-lengths, axis-ratios, central surface brightness and effective radii of individual and decomposed (from B/D decomposition) disks and bulges. The effects of dust are derived for both broadband and narrow line (Balmer lines) images. The changes in the derived photometric parameters from their intrinsic values (as seen in the absence of dust) were obtained by fitting simulated images of disks and bulges produced using radiative transfer calculations and the model of Popescu et al. (2011). This study follows on the analysis of Möllenhoff et al. (2006), who quantified the effects of dust on the photometry of old stellar disks seen at low and intermediate inclination. We extend the study to disks at all inclinations and we investigate the changes in the photometry of young stellar disks and bulges. For the individual components, in the majority of cases: 1) the dust lowers the Sérsic index from its intrinsic value; 2) the Sérsic index decreases as the inclination and the B band central face-on dust opacity, τBf, increase. For the decomposed disks and bulges, dust slightly increases the Sérsic index as compared with the one derived on individual components (e.g. Fig. 1); this effect is stronger for higher values of the inclination, τBf and B/D.
The Economics of Research – the Contribution of Critical Realism

Introduction The capitalist ‘global economy’ continues to hobble along, especially in the global North, which remains racked by recurrent crisis (financial, debt, fiscal) Nevertheless, the crisis of mainstream economics – which spectacularly failed to foresee the looming problems – may yet prove to be a major opportunity for heterodox political economy. Unfortunately, to date, an alternative economics remains embryonic at best (e.g. Chakrabortty 2012), despite the slew of books critiquing mainstream economics and the invigoration of economic debate, as in the surge of economic blogs, websites and listserve emails (Economist 2011).
DEVELOPMENTAL ISOMORPHY IN LADYBIRDS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE)

Analysis of the time spent in the egg, larval and pupal stages by insects reveal a distinct pattern. Although, well fed individuals kept at high temperatures complete their development much faster than poorly fed individuals kept at low temperatures, nevertheless, they all spend the same proportion of the total time required for development in each developmental stage. Data will be presented that indicate that ladybirds conform to this pattern. All stages of development appear to have the same lower developmental threshold. If this is true than it will greatly facilitate practical studies on the development of ladybirds and improve our understanding of how selection has shaped their life history strategies and those of insects in general.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Predator Control: the Non‐Native Red Fox as a Case Study

Abstract: Non‐native vertebrate predators pose a severe threat to many native species, and a variety of management programs are aimed at reducing predator effects. We sought to assess the effects of predator‐control programs by analyzing changes in prey and predator populations based on data commonly collected in these programs. We examined data from a predator‐control program that primarily targets the introduced red fox ( Vulpes vulpes regalis) in central California. Red foxes negatively affect populations of native waterbirds, particularly the endangered California Clapper Rail ( Rallus longirostris obsoletus). Using a combination of matrix population modeling, simple difference equations, and statistical analysis, we analyzed data on removed predators and monitored prey populations. Past control efforts succeeded in depressing fox numbers in local areas over 3‐month intervals, and there was a significant, positive relationship between the growth rate of local Clapper Rail populations and the successful trapping of red foxes in the preceding year. By modeling the effect of different fox‐removal rates, we found that a stable or declining population could be achieved by removing a minimum of 50% of the adults and 25% of the juveniles. Under trapping rates of 50–70%, the proportion of the fox population composed of immigrants averaged 20–52%. In contrast to the current management approach, elasticity analyses suggested that changes in adult survival rates had relatively little effect on long‐term population growth. Overall, our approach indicated that predator control was effective in the short term, but for longer‐term success it may be necessary to redirect efforts to control juvenile and immigrant foxes. Our analytical approach is potentially useful for evaluating current control programs aimed at reducing the effects of predators on native species.
Haematological responses of three Nigerian goat breeds to field acquired helminthes infection and their haemoglobin types

Response of goats to natural helminth infection was investigated among 277 Nigerian indigenous goats belonging to three different breeds [West African dwarf (WAD), Red Sokoto (RS) and Sahel White (SW)] through the determination of parasitological and haematological parameters. The results showed that 65% of the sampled animals were positive for one helminth or two. Mixed infection due to Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis constituted 33.33% prevalence rate, while Haemonchus contortus and Oesophagostomum columbianum mixed infection had 26.67% rate of infection among the sampled animals. However, single infection due to either of Haemonchus contortus, Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Strongyloides papilosus, Cooperia punctata, Trichuris ovis, Paramphistomum cervi and Moniezia benedini constituted 5.0%. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in mean faecal egg count (FEC) among the breeds investigated. Similarly, correlation coefficient between Haemonchus worm count (HWC) and FEC showed positive correlation value which was significantly (p<0.01) higher among WAD (0.661) than SW (0.427) and RS (0.350) breeds. Three (3) different haemoglobin types (HbAA, HbAB and HbBB) were detected among the goats investigated. Goats with HbAA showed significantly (p<0.05) higher PCV compared to those with HbAB/HbBB alleles. In addition, Sahel White and Red Sokoto breeds had microcytic, hypochromic anaemia with a significantly (p<0.05) lower haematocrit values than the West African Dwarf breed. Eosinophil count of RS and SW goats did not vary significantly between the parasitized and the non-parasitized goats. However, in WAD, the eosinophil count was significantly higher (p<0.05) in parasitized than non-parasitized goats. In conclusion, the WAD breed appears to be more resistant to helminthes infections and H. contortus in particular, than RS and SW, and this may be due to high frequency of HbAA alleles in this breed. The advantage of this relative resistance could be exploited by crossbreeding WAD with other breeds. KEYWORDS : Nigerian goats, Field helminthosis, Haematology, Faecal egg counts, Haemoglobin types.
Using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Diagnosis of Bovine Theileriosis in Upper Egypt

The present study was conducted on the period from April 2008 to July 2009 and included at 150 cattle and 35 Egyptian buffalo. The age of these animals ranged from one day to above five years old. The animals belonged to farms and villages of EL-Wady EL-geded, Assiut, ELFayoum, EL- Minia and Sohage Governorates. The results of the present study cleared that the (Tams-1 primer) based PCR assay was the most sensitive test in detection of the infection with tropical theileriosis in all cases (acute, chronic and carriers). The infection rates in blood and lymph samples taken from cattle were 65.6% and 45.3%, respectively. On the other hand the infection rates were 16.7% and 25% in blood and lymph samples taken from buffaloes, respectively. PCR used as golden standard test to evaluate the conventional tests. The sensitivity of this method was 58.3% and 50% in cattle and buffaloes, respectively. While the specificity were 100% in both cattle and buffaloes. We concluded that, Tams-1 target–based PCR is the most sensitive and specific test used for diagnosis of the disease in either acute or chronic cases and also in carrier animals of tropical theileriosis.
Issues and Opportunities in Exotic Hadrons

The last few years have been witness to a proliferation of new results concerning heavy exotic hadrons. Experimentally, many new signals have been discovered that could be pointing towards the existence of tetraquarks, pentaquarks, and other exotic configurations of quarks and gluons. Theoretically, advances in lattice field theory techniques place us at the cusp of understanding complex coupled-channel phenomena, modelling grows more sophisticated, and effective field theories are being applied to an ever greater range of situations. It is thus an opportune time to evaluate the status of the field. In the following, a series of high priority experimental and theoretical issues concerning heavy exotic hadrons is presented.
PER Personality and Political Discussion

Political discussion matters for a wide array of political phenomena such as attitude formation, electoral choice, other forms of participation, levels of political expertise, and tolerance. Thus far, research on the underpinnings of political discussion has focused on political, social, and contextual forces. We expand upon this existing research by examining how individual personality traits influence patterns of political discussion. Drawing on data from two surveys we investigate how personality traits influence the context in which citizens discuss politics, the nature of the relationship between individuals and their discussion partners, and the influence discussion partners have on respondents’ views. We find a number of personality effects and our results highlight the importance of accounting for individual predispositions in the study of political discussion.
The contribution of aeolian sand and dust to iron fertilization of phytoplankton blooms in southwestern Ross Sea, Antarctica

Iron is a limiting micronutrient for primary production in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Recent observations reveal low dissolved Fe (dFe) concentrations in the Ross Sea polynya following high initial rates of primary production in summer, after the dFe winter reserve has been consumed. Significant new sources of dFe are therefore required to further sustain phytoplankton blooms. Iron from aeolian sand and dust (ASD) released from melting sea ice is one potential source. To constrain aeolian Fe inputs, we determined ASD mass accumulation rates and the total and soluble Fe content of ASD on sea ice in McMurdo Sound, southwestern (SW) Ross Sea. The mean mass accumulation rate was ~1.5 g m−2 yr−1, total Fe content of this ASD was 4 ± 1 wt %, and the percentage of soluble Fe was 11 ± 1%. Our mean estimate of the bulk aeolian dFe flux of 122.1 µmol m−2 yr−1 for the McMurdo Sound region suggests that aeolian Fe can support between 9.0 × 109 and 4.1 × 1011 mol C yr−1 (0.1–4.9 Tg C yr−1) of new primary production. This equates to only ~15% of new primary production in the SW Ross Sea, suggesting that aeolian dFe is a minor component of seasonal Fe supply. The very high ASD accumulation on sea ice in McMurdo Sound compared to other regions of Antarctica suggests that our results represent the upper limit of dFe supply to the ocean from this source in the Ross Sea.