Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Butterfly ecology and conservation of a site in the Pre-Apennines of Piemont (N.W. Italy)

De 1999 a 2001 nous avons etudie la faune de papillons d'un site des pre-apennins du Piemont (Italie du NO). Soixante-huit especes ont ete observees et 16 autres ont ete ajoutees a partir de travaux anterieurs. Au total la faune de la zone d'etude a des caracteristiques intermediaires entre celles de l'Europe centrale et de la region Mediterraneenne: elle est composee d'especes plus amplement distribuees et plus mobiles que le reste de la faune italienne. Les zones de jacheres recentes et anciennes montrent un nombre d'especes significativement plus grand que celui des aires boisees et cultivees, mais nous n'avons trouve de difference significative ni pour les caracteristiques ecologiques ni pour les surfaces des aires de distribution italienne entre les diverses associations d'especes qui peuplent des environnements differents. Seules quelques especes ont montre des preferences significatives pour un habitat particulier, et nous n'avons pas trouve d'association d'especes differente selon les habitats que nous avons etudies. Les especes qui ont disparu ou qui sont devenues plus rares dans la zone d'etude lors des 30 dernieres annees ont une aire de distribution italienne plus petite et une mobilite inferieure par rapport aux especes qui ont survecu jusqu'en 1999-2001.
Synchronization of Hybrid Microgrids with Communication Latency

A distributed cooperative control scheme is proposed in order to implement a distributed secondary control for hybrid lossy microgrids. The designed distributed control is able to synchronize the frequency of inverse-based distributed generators (DGs) and minisynchronous generators (MSGs/SGs) to the desired state with a virtual leader DG/SG (reference value) in a distribution switching network under the existence of time-varying communication delays. The secondary control stage selects suitable frequencies of each DG/SG such that they can be synchronized at the desired set point. Using the proposed algorithm, each DG/SG only needs to communicate with its neighboring DGs/SGs intermittently even if the communication networks are local, the topology is time-varying, and the communication delays may exist. Therefore, the failure of a single DG/SG will not produce the failing down of the whole system. Sufficient conditions on the requirements for the network connectivity and the delays boundedness which guarantees the stability and synchronization of the controlled hybrid lossy microgrid power systems are presented. The feasibility of the proposed control methodology is verified by the simulation of a given lossy microgrid test system.
Simultaneous X-ray and optical spectroscopy of the Oef supergiant λ Cephei

Context. Probing the structures of stellar winds is of prime importance for the understanding of massive stars. Based on their optical spectral morphology and variability, the stars of the Oef cl ass have been suggested to feature large-scale structures i n their wind. Aims. High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy and time-series of X-ray observations of presumably-single O-type stars can help us understand the physics of their stellar winds. Methods. We have collected XMM-Newton observations and coordinated optical spectroscopy of the O6 Ief starλ Cep to study its X-ray and optical variability and to analyse its high-resol ution X-ray spectrum. We investigate the line profile variab ility of the Heii λ 4686 and Hα emission lines in our time series of optical spectra, includ ing a search for periodicities. We further discuss the varia bility of the broadband X-ray flux and analyse the high-resoluti on spectrum ofλ Cep using line-by-line fits as well as a code designed to fit the full high-resolution X-ray spectrum consistently . Results. During our observing campaign, the Heiiλ 4686 line varies on a timescale of∼ 18 hours. On the contrary, the Hα line profile displays a modulation on a timescale of 4.1 days which is likely the rotation period of the star. The X-ray flux varie s on timescales of days and could in fact be modulated by the same 4.1 days period as Hα, although both variations are shifted in phase. The high-resolution X-ray spectrum reveals broad and skewed emission lines as expected for the X-ray emission from a distribution of wind-embedded shocks. Most of the X-ray emission arises within less than 2 R∗ above the photosphere. Conclusions. The properties of the X-ray emission ofλ Cep generally agree with the expectations of the wind-embedded shock model. There is mounting evidence for the existence of large-scale structures that modulate the Hα line and about 10% of the X-ray emission ofλ Cep.
The role of mental processes in the failure of inhibition

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Genetic relatedness and identification of clinical strains of genus Campylobacter based on dnaJ, 16S rRNA, groEL, and rpoB gene sequences

INTRODUCTION Campylobacter species are a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in many industrialized countries (Frost et al., 2002; Friedman et al., 2000; Rautelin & Hanninen, 2000). At present, it comprises 17 species and 6 subspecies (Foster et al., 2004; On, 2001). More than 95% of human and animal Campylobacter infections are caused by C. jejuni, C. coli and C. fetus (Goossens et al., 1995; Lastovica & Skirrow, 2000; Skirrow, 1994), although the other species such as C. lari, C. hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, C. upsaliensis, C. concisus, C. rectus, and C. showae have also been isolated from individuals with diarrheal illness or periodontal disease (Bourke et al., 1998; Goossens et al., 1995; Skirrow, 1994; van Doorm et al., 1998). It is often difficult and time-consuming to phenotypic identify of Campylobacter species, due to fastidious growth requirements and low biochemical activity (Moore & Madden, 2003; Morris et al., 1985; Nicholson & Patton, 1995; On & Harrington, 2000). Various molecular DNA-based methods for identification of Campylobacter species have been developed. These methods typically require the use of DNA-DNA hybridization (Vandemme et al., 1991), numerical analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting (Duim et al., 2001; On & Harrington, 2000), species-specific PCR primer or RFLPs of amplified 16S rRNA sequences (Marshall et al., 1999), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (Dingle et al., 2005; Miller et al., 2005; van Bergen et al., 2005). However, these methods are limited by their complexity or their inability to distinguish between closely related species such as C. coli and C. jejuni. Moreover, housekeeping genes such as 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA (van Camp et al., 1993), rpoB (Korczak et al., 2006), groEL (Hill et al., 2006; Kärenlampi et al., 2004), gyrB (Kawasaki et al., 2008), and omp50 (Dedieu et al., 2004) were used in the phylogenetic analyses and species identification of Campylobacter. However, information of these genes is often limited to a limited subset of species or omp50 gene was found to be absent from over 90% of C. coli strains or information regarding strain variation within a species is not available. Among these methods, MLST analysis is becoming more important for epidemiological analysis of strains *Corresponding author E-mail: tezaki@gifu-u.ac. jp Accepted: February 16, 2011 Genetic relatedness and identification of clinical strains of genus Campylobacter based on dnaJ, 16S rRNA, groEL, and rpoB gene sequences
Annual rings in Beilschmiedia tawa (Lauraceae)

Abstract Evidence is presented that the growth rings in the wood of fast growing tawa are annual. Diameter growth rates oftawa are variable but usually 1–4 mm yr-1 in trees > 20 cm diameter at 1.4 m height. Tawa probably has maximum longevity in the range 300–400 years. It shows unexplained biennial fluctuations in diameter increment, a feature shared with several New Zealand tree species.
Al-Razi: A Distinguished Physician of the Medieval History: A Review of his Method and Influence

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakriya al-Razi (841-924 CE) known in West as Rhazes and Albubator was born in the city of Ray, worked as a chemist and pursued his study in medicine to become a distinguished physician. He was one of the prominent medical scientists of the middle age. He was known as “the Arab Galen”. He was an intellectual and arguably the most innovative of all the Muslim physicians. He became superintendent in the hospital of Baghdad. He was also one of the most profound and prolific writers of his age, and left voluminous writings. He wrote 237 books but most of them are extinct. Based on the existing documents, he was known as the most distinguished character in the world of medicine up to the 17th century. A great number of innovations and pioneering works in medical science have been recorded in the name of Rhazes. He described the etiology, signs, symptoms, epidemiology, treatment and prevention of this malady (any disorder or disease of the body, especially one that is chronic or deep seated) more than a thousand year ago, hasn’t been taken into consideration appropriately. Path physiology of the urinary tract, venereal diseases, and kidney and bladder calculi are among his main interests in this field. He also presented a very exact and precise description of neuropathic bladder followed by vertebral fracture. Rhazes was not only one of the most important Persian physician-philosophers of his era, but for centuries, his writings became fundamental teaching texts in European medical schools. He also conducted research on smallpox and measles and was the first to announce the usage of alcohol for medical proposes. Some these important aspects of his contributions to medicine are reviewed. This paper will try to some shed on life and contribution that has been carried out by Al-Razi. It is hoped that, by remembering Al-Razi contribution to medical science; contemporary societies, particularly Muslim scholars will be inspired.Keyword: Al-Razi, medicine, contribution, kidney, neuropathic bladder, smallpox and measles.
Environmental outcomes in a model of mixed duopoly

We show under general demand and cost conditions that in a mixed duopoly with pollution the government will implement the socially optimal outputs and abatements by a tax-subsidy scheme and keeping the public fi rm fully public. The scheme requires taxing outputs and subsidizing abatements at diff erent rates, unlike a pollution tax. Our result contradicts some of the recent claims that social optimum is not implementable and privatization is necessary. We also show that when the private firm is partly foreign-owned, the government will adopt some privatization and will not implement the social optimum, though the social optimum is implementable.
Glycolic acid peeling in the treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris

Chemical peeling of the skin involves the topical application of a chemical agent in order to produce a controlled injury to a desired depth, thus allowing subsequent regeneration of the skin which can result in improved texture, more homogeneous pigmentation and less wrinkling. Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases. The aim of the actual study was to examine and compare the efficiency, skin tolerance and side effects of a 35% glycolic acid combined with antibiotic therapy in patients with inflammatory aspects of acne. The sample consisted of 120 subjects, divided into two experimental sub-samples of 60 subjects each. The first sub-sample consisted of patients with acne papulosa, while the second sub-sample consisted of patients with acne papulopustulosa. The patients from both subsamples were additionally divided into two groups of 30 patients each. To the first group of 30 patients (within each sub-sample, respectively), glycolic acid in a concentration of 35% was applied after adjusted antibiotic therapy, while to the second group of 30 patients (within each sub-sample, respectively) glycolic acid in a concentration of 35% was applied without previous adjustment of antibiotic therapy. In each sub-sample, the differences in the manifested symptoms of the ailment and the side effects were analyzed. Glycolic acid had a significant effect in the treatment of acne papulosa and acne papulopustulosa, as a monotherapy, as well as combined therapy, that is, after adjusted antibiotic therapy. Side-effects were experienced by patients treated only by glycolic acid, that is, without previously adjusted antibiotic therapy. Glycolic acid chemical peels in concentration of 35% had overall efficiency and a superior therapeutic effect and are recommended by the authors after adjusted antibiotic therapy. The appearance and intensity of side effects in patients after adjusted monotherapy, adduced us to the choice of combined therapeutic treatment.
Effectiveness of active labour market tools in Conditional Cash Transfers programmes: Evidence for Argentina1

This paper examines the impact of a programme implemented in Argentina to provide support in skills upgrading, vocational training, job seeking and job placement to those eligible beneficiaries of the large conditional cash transfer programme Plan Jefes. Using data from the Permanent Household Survey, this article assesses the short-term effects of the programme on a number of labour market indicators. Through non-experimental methods, this paper finds that the intervention, at least in the short-run (i.e. one year), is associated with a decrease in the probability of having an informal job and with higher hourly wages. The findings also suggest that the programme is associated with a lower probability of working an excessive number of hours and being underemployed.
Family environment and psychological adaptation in adolescents

The association between quality of family relationships and psychological adjustment has been understudied in the literature. This study tested the predictive relationship between family environment (measured by the dimensions of cohesion, hierarchy, support and conflict) and indicators of psychological adjustment (self-esteem, general self-efficacy and low levels of self-depreciation) in adolescents using structural equation modeling. Participants were 656 students aged between 12 and 18 years old from public schools. They answered the Family Climate Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and General Perceived Self-efficacy Scale. The results indicated that the family environment (cohesion, support and low conflict) was a significant predictor of psychological adaptation. This study concluded that functional family relationships are important for the expression of positive psychological characteristics during adolescence.
The influence of organic and conventional production on yield and quality of carrots

Although numerous experiments have been carried out to compare nutrient and contaminant contents of organically and conventionally produced vegetables, further research is recommended (Rembialkovska 2007, Hoefkens et al. 2009). This study contributes to the investigations of the levels of various nutrients in organic and conventional carrots. The trial data of 3 years were contradictory for yield and quality. The yields of organic trial were not significantly lower compared to conventional trial. Longer trial period is needed to conclude the role of weather conditions, cultivation regime (used herbicides, insecticides and fungicides) and their interaction.
Bivariate gamma type distributions for modeling wireless performance metrics

The authors acknowledge the support of the StatDisT group. This work is based on the research supported in part by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (SARChI Research Chair- UID: 71199; and Grant ref. CPRR160403161466 nr. 105840).
The use of double-muscled cattle breeds in terminal crosses: Animal performance and blood metabolites

Eighty-nine calves born of dams from British (50% Hereford and 50% Red Angus) and Continental (50% Simmental and 50% Maine Anjou) breeds crossed with Charolais (CH), Belgian Blue (BB) and Piedmontese (PM) sires were used to evaluate the productivity of using double-muscled cattle in terminal crosses. Breed of sire did not exert a significant effect on any parameter measured before weaning. Calving difficulty was related to breed of dam, being higher in British than in Continental dams (P < 0.05) and tended to be higher for male than for female calves (P < 0.10). Average daily gains to weaning and weight corrected at 200 d were higher for male than for female calves (P < 0.05), and for calves from Continental dams than for those from British dams (P < 0.05). Average daily gain during backgrounding was higher for CH than for PM-sired calves (P < 0.05). Also, ADG in feedlot (backgrounding + fattening) was higher for male than for female calves (P < 0.05). Slaughter weight and dressing percentage were higher .
Zinc accumulation in lichens due to industrial emissions around Vorkuta, northeast European Russia

Zinc concentrations in apices (Zn 2+ )apex of the lichens, Cladonia arbuscula and C. rangiferina were determined along transects through two sub−Arctic towns in the Usa River Basin, northeast European Russia. One transect, which was 130 km long running in an east−west direction, passed through the town of Vorkuta and the other transect, which was 240 km long running in a southwest−northeast direction, passed through Inta. Zinc ac− cumulation in lichens, which was detected 25-40 km within the vicinity of Vorkuta, was largely attributed to local emissions of alkaline coal ash from coal combustion. The present results using C. arbuscula around Vorkuta are consistent with those of previous studies sug− gesting that this lichen is a useful bioindicator for trace metals. There was no such elevation of (Zn 2+ )apex detected in C. rangiferina along the transect running through Inta.
The Formative Years of Stuttering: A Changing Portrait

Conceptions and information regarding the onset and development of stuttering in early childhood have undergone large changes during the past three decades. In general, the notions that stuttering begins with normal disfluency and that, once it exists, the disorder typically develops in an ascending manner following a stage-like progression, have been greatly challenged, if not discarded. A review of highlights of the findings of the Illinois Stuttering Research Program reveals strong genetic components to stuttering. Consider- able variability is seen in the event of onset. Early symptomatology is complex, often containing characteris- tics seen in advanced stuttering, and tends to be moderate or even higher in severity. Generally, the developmental course of stuttering is characterized by diverse pathways, with the great majority of children exhibiting natural recovery within 3 years after onset. The findings have significant clinical implications.
Research article EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZA ON PROTEIN PERCENT, DRY WEIGHT, WEIGHT OF 1000 GRAIN IN WHEAT

The mutualistic association between roots and mycorrhizal fungi can improve a plant's nutritional state since it facilitates the absorption of the main elements in the soil (N, P, K), increases the volume of soil explored by the root system, improves the plant's resistance to some diseases, and increases its production of dry matter. The mobility of this element is very slow in the soil physiological and biochemical plant activities like and cannot respond to its rapid uptake by plants. This study is a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and all experiments were performed with different levels. In this experiment, a variety of wheat called clear that improved cultivars were used. According to the analysis of variance table mycorrhiza effect on grain yield, harvest index, Plant dry weight, Weight of 1000 grains was significant.
Similarity vs. homogeneity: contextual effects in explaining trust

Diversity has powerful advantages, but may also generate internal tensions and low interpersonal trust. Despite extensive attention to these questions, the relationship between diversity and trust is often misunderstood and findings methodologically flawed. In this article, we specify two different mechanisms and adherent hypotheses. An individual might base her decision to trust on her perceived social similarity in relation to others in the community, that is, a similarity hypothesis. However, in a homogenous context, she might expect trustworthy behavior irrespective of her own social position due to signals of low degrees of social conflict and dense social networks, that is, a homogeneity hypothesis. Prior research has pinpointed only one of these mechanisms. The homogeneity hypothesis has not been explicated, and when the intention has been to test the similarity hypothesis, the homogeneity hypothesis has unintentionally been tested instead. The results are straightforward. While the homogeneity hypothesis is strongly supported, the findings speak against the similarity hypothesis.