Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parent-Child Injury Prevention Conversations Following a Trip to the Emergency Department.

OBJECTIVES The goal of the study was to examine how parents use conversation to promote the internalization of safety values after their child has been seriously injured. METHODS Parent interviews detailing postinjury conversations were coded for strategies mentioned to prevent injuries in the future and information about circumstances surrounding the injury. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses revealed that parents were more likely to discuss why an activity was dangerous with older than younger children, and were more likely to urge daughters than sons to be more careful in the future. Injuries resulting from the presence of environmental hazards predicted parents telling children to be more careful in the future. Having others involved predicted parents urging children not to engage in the behavior again. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that parents modulated strategies according to age, gender, and injury circumstances to maximize the likelihood that children would behave differently in the future.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatases Affect UV-B-Induced Stomatal Closure via Controlling NO in Guard Cells1

Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatases 1 and 6 promote ultraviolet B-induced stomatal closure by modulating hydrogen peroxide-induced nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis guard cells. Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation induces the activation of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE PHOSPHATASE1 (MKP1) and its targets MPK3 and MPK6, but whether they participate in UV-B guard cell signaling is not clear. Here, evidence shows that UV-B-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is antagonistically regulated by MKP1 and MPK6 via modulating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in guard cells. The mkp1 mutant was hypersensitive to UV-B-induced stomatal closure and NO production in guard cells but not to UV-B-induced H2O2 production, suggesting that MKP1 negatively regulates UV-B-induced stomatal closure via inhibiting NO generation in guard cells. Moreover, MPK3 and MPK6 were activated by UV-B in leaves of the wild type and hyperactivated in the mkp1 mutant, but the UV-B-induced activation of MPK3 and MPK6 was largely inhibited in mutants for ATRBOHD and ATRBOHF but not in mutants for NIA1 and NIA2. mpk6 mutants showed defects of UV-B-induced NO production and stomatal closure but were normal in UV-B-induced H2O2 production, while stomata of mpk3 mutants responded to UV-B just like those of the wild type. The defect of UV-B-induced stomatal closure in mpk6 mutants was rescued by exogenous NO but not by exogenous H2O2. Furthermore, double mutant mkp1/mpk6 and the single mutant mpk6 showed the same responses to UV-B in terms of either stomatal movement or H2O2 and NO production. These data indicate that MPK6, but not MPK3, positively regulates UV-B-induced stomatal closure via acting downstream of H2O2 and upstream of NO, while MKP1 functions negatively in UV-B guard cell signaling via down-regulation of MPK6.
Trigger factors in migraine patients.

BACKGROUND Migraine is a chronic neurological disease with several trigger factors, including dietary, hormonal and environmental factors. PURPOSE To analyse precipitating factors in a sample of migraine patients. METHOD Two hundred consecutive migraine patients were interviewed about possible trigger factors for migraine attacks. RESULTS Most patients showed at least one dietary trigger, fasting was the most frequent one, followed by alcohol and chocolate. Hormonal factors appeared in 53%, being the pre-menstrual period the most frequent trigger. Physical activities caused migraine in 13%, sexual activities in 2.5% and 64% reported emotional stress a trigger factor. 81% related some sleep problem as a trigger factor. Regarding environmental factors, smells were reported by 36.5%. CONCLUSION Trigger factors are frequent in migraine patients, its avoidance may decrease headache frequency and also improve patients' quality of life.
Public opinion about guns in the home

Objectives—(1) Determine the frequency of gun ownership, acquisition, and transfer; (2) assess gun storage practices; and (3) compare the views of firearm owning and non-owning adults regarding the protective value of keeping a gun in the home. Setting and methods—Over three different time periods (1995, 1996, and 1999) stratified, random digit telephone surveys were conducted in a five county area of metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Five hundred adults (aged 21+ years) responded to each survey. Results—The proportion of Atlanta area households reporting firearm ownership was generally stable over this interval (38%, 40%, and 35% respectively). The percentage of gun owning households containing a handgun (approximately 75%) was stable as well. In 1995, more than half of gun owning households kept one or more guns unlocked; since that time, the trend has been gradually downward. In 1995, 44% of gun owning respondents kept one or more guns loaded, compared with 38% in 1996 and 40% in 1999. A majority of respondents to all three surveys (55%) agreed with the statement “A home with a gun is less secure than a home without a gun, because a gun can be involved in an accidental shooting, suicide or family homicide”. Among five home security measures, respondents rated a burglar alarm most effective, and keeping a gun in the home least effective. Conclusions—In Atlanta, many households keep a firearm for protection, but they are ambivalent about the associated risks. These findings suggest that education about gun safety should include a discussion of the risks of unsafe storage, and non-lethal alternatives for home security.
Sequence Structure of Human Nucleosome DNA

Abstract Positional distributions of various dinucleotides in experimentally derived human nucleosome DNA sequences are analyzed. Nucleosome positioning in this species is found to depend largely on GG and CC dinucleotides periodically distributed along the nucleosome DNA sequence, with the period of 10.4 bases. The GG and CC dinucleotides oscillate counterphase, i.e., their respective preferred positions are shifted about a half-period from one another, as it was observed earlier for AA and TT dinucleotides. Other purine-purine and pyrimidine-pyrimidine dinucleotides (RR and YY) display the same periodical and counterphase pattern. The dominance of oscillating GG and CC dinucleotides in human nucleosomes and the contribution of AG(CT), GA(TC), and AA(TT) suggest a general nucleosome DNA sequence pattern—counterphase oscillation of RR and YY dinucleotides. AA and TT dinucleotides, commonly accepted as major players, are only weak contributors in the case of human nucleosomes.
Toward a Mentalistic Account of Early Psychological Reasoning

Recent investigations of early psychological understanding have revealed three key findings. First, young infants attribute goals and dispositions to any entity they perceive as an agent, whether human or nonhuman. Second, when interpreting an agent’s actions in a scene, young infants take into account the agent’s representation of the scene, even if this representation is less complete than their own. Third, at least by the second year of life, infants recognize that agents can hold false beliefs about a scene. Together, these findings support a system-based, mentalistic account of early psychological reasoning.
Race, Space, and Job Accessibility: Evidence from a Plant Relocation

AbstractAlthough recent studies have shown support for the spatial mismatch explanation of minorities' employment difficulties, key questions remain unresolved. This paper is the first report of a longitudinal study designed to shed light on this important hypothesis by studying a Milwaukee food-processing plant that is currently moving from the city's Central Business District to the suburban ring. I document the size of the impending disruption in both distance and travel time and, based on a simple model of time valuation, estimate the costs of the increased commuting time in monetary terms for minorities and nonminorities. The results show that the plant relocation has the potential to induce mismatches between workers' residences and jobs, and that these mismatches will be most severe for minorities. I conclude with a discussion of the implications of the findings for future research on the spatial mismatch hypothesis.
Clinical and microbiological effects of controlled-release local delivery of minocycline on periodontitis in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of minocycline in a subgingival local delivery system as an adjunct to tooth scaling and root planing in dogs with periodontal disease. ANIMALS Nine 4- to 7-year-old Beagles with periodontitis. PROCEDURE After scaling of teeth and root planing, 2 treatment and 1 or 2 control sites were selected for each dog: treated sites (n = 18) received minocycline hydrochloride periodontal formulation and control sites (n = 12) received ointment base (no minocycline). Gingival crevicular fluid was collected at a baseline (prior to treatment) and at week 4. Clinical and microbiological effects were evaluated and compared among sites. RESULTS In minocycline-treated sites, clinical indices were significantly decreased at week 4, compared with those at baseline. Minocycline-treated sites were associated with a significant decrease in gingival crevicular fluid, probing depth, and bleeding on probing values, compared with those for control sites at week 4. Compared with that for control sites, total bacteria count in periodontal pockets of minocycline-treated sites had an obvious tendency to decrease by week 4. Proportions of Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium spp were significantly decreased at week 4, compared with proportions at control sites and with pretreatment (baseline) values. CONCLUSIONS When used as an adjunct to tooth scaling and root planing, minocycline periodontal formulation stimulated favorable clinical and antimicrobial responses.
Smaller children have greater bupivacaine plasma concentrations after ilioinguinal block.

We have measured plasma concentrations of bupivacaine after ilioinguinal block in children of different sizes. We studied 14 children with weights 10-15 kg and 17 children with weights 15-30 kg. Each child received 0.5% bupivacaine 0.25 ml kg-1 (1.25 mg kg-1) (Carbostesin, Astra, Germany). Venous blood was obtained before the block (control) and at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 min after block. Mean maximal concentration in the 10-15-kg group (1.5 (SD 0.9) mg litre-1, range 0.43-4.0 mg litre-1, at 18 (5) min) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the 15-30-kg group (0.9 (0.3) mg litre-1 range 0.35-1.34 mg litre-1, at 16 (5) min). In the 10-15-kg group, unexpectedly high (up to 4 mg litre-1) bupivacaine concentrations were observed and often concentrations remained high (> 2 mg litre-1) at 60 min. We conclude that smaller children appear to differ in the pharmacokinetic handling of bupivacaine. The maximum safe plasma concentration of bupivacaine in small children, although not clearly established, is likely to be approximately 4 mg litre-1. We recommend, therefore, that a dose of bupivacaine 1.25 mg kg-1 should not be exceeded in the perioperative period when performing ilioinguinal block in children < 15 kg in weight.
The Structure of the Poliovirus 135S Cell Entry Intermediate at 10-Angstrom Resolution Reveals the Location of an Externalized Polypeptide That Binds to Membranes

ABSTRACT Poliovirus provides a well-characterized system for understanding how nonenveloped viruses enter and infect cells. Upon binding its receptor, poliovirus undergoes an irreversible conformational change to the 135S cell entry intermediate. This transition involves shifts of the capsid protein β barrels, accompanied by the externalization of VP4 and the N terminus of VP1. Both polypeptides associate with membranes and are postulated to facilitate entry by forming a translocation pore for the viral RNA. We have calculated cryo-electron microscopic reconstructions of 135S particles that permit accurate placement of the β barrels, loops, and terminal extensions of the capsid proteins. The reconstructions and resulting models indicate that each N terminus of VP1 exits the capsid though an opening in the interface between VP1 and VP3 at the base of the canyon that surrounds the fivefold axis. Comparison with reconstructions of 135S particles in which the first 31 residues of VP1 were proteolytically removed revealed that the externalized N terminus is located near the tips of propeller-like features surrounding the threefold axes rather than at the fivefold axes, as had been proposed in previous models. These observations have forced a reexamination of current models for the role of the 135S particle in transmembrane pore formation and suggest testable alternatives.
Interdisciplinary Mobile Media and Communications: Social, Political, and Economic Implications

As mobile technology becomes much more prominent in the world, its effect on the social, political, and economic realms cannot be ignored. Interdisciplinary approaches towards reexamining the prevalence of communication technologies are essential for industry professionals' development. on emerging disciplines in multimedia technologies and discusses the changes, chances, and challenges in the mobile world. Areas such as mobile governance, mobile healthcare, and mobile identity are examined, along with their social, political, and economic implications. Serving as a reconnection between academia and industry, this book will be useful for students, professors, researchers, and policy-makers of mobile media and communications. Market: This premier publication is essential for all academic and research library reference collections. It is a crucial tool for academicians, researchers, and practitioners. Ideal for classroom use.
Molecular Characteristics of Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Comparison With Testicular Counterparts: Implications for Pathogenesis

This review focuses on the molecular characteristics and development of rare malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (mOGCTs). We provide an overview of the genomic aberrations assessed by ploidy, cytogenetic banding, and comparative genomic hybridization. We summarize and discuss the transcriptome profiles of mRNA and microRNA (miRNA), and biomarkers (DNA methylation, gene mutation, individual protein expression) for each mOGCT histological subtype. Parallels between the origin of mOGCT and their male counterpart testicular GCT (TGCT) are discussed from the perspective of germ cell development, endocrinological influences, and pathogenesis, as is the GCT origin in patients with disorders of sex development. Integrated molecular profiles of the 3 main histological subtypes, dysgerminoma (DG), yolk sac tumor (YST), and immature teratoma (IT), are presented. DGs show genomic aberrations comparable to TGCT. In contrast, the genome profiles of YST and IT are different both from each other and from DG/TGCT. Differences between DG and YST are underlined by their miRNA/mRNA expression patterns, suggesting preferential involvement of the WNT/β-catenin and TGF-β/bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways among YSTs. Characteristic protein expression patterns are observed in DG, YST and IT. We propose that mOGCT develop through different developmental pathways, including one that is likely shared with TGCT and involves insufficient sexual differentiation of the germ cell niche. The molecular features of the mOGCTs underline their similarity to pluripotent precursor cells (primordial germ cells, PGCs) and other stem cells. This similarity combined with the process of ovary development, explain why mOGCTs present so early in life, and with greater histological complexity, than most somatic solid tumors.
DVB-T2 MISO field measurements and a calibrated coverage gain predictor

The second generation digital terrestrial broadcasting system developed by the DVB Project (DVB-T2) has been deployed in several countries around the world. Besides offering highly efficient forward error correction and modulation schemes, DVB-T2 is the first broadcasting standard introducing MISO (Multiple Input, Single Output) algorithms. However, the potential gain of MISO has so far been predicted using simulations only. Based on the measurement data generated by the DVB-T2 field trial in northern Germany, we evaluated the actual MISO gain in a realistic environment. Based on the results, we built a sophisticated predictor that is able to predict the achievable gain of MISO within the desired coverage area. Since this potential gain is dependent on the applied transmission parameter set, the parameters of the developed predictor optimized for individual transmission parameter set (including forward error correction and modulation mode). Through validation with additional test data, we examined the precision of the predictor.
Patterns of diplomatic peacemaking

Whereas the United Nations (UN) used the term “preventive diplomacy” officially for the first time in 1960 in a statement by Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld, the broader idea of conflict prevention is at the core of the UN Charter and can be traced back to at least the Congress of Vienna (Ackermann 2003). It would meanwhile take until the early 1990s before the idea of prevention received prominence in the policy and research communities and became a widespread practice, step by step. The UN’s An agenda for peace highlighted the issue in 1992, and in 1999 the UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan stressed that it was time to move “from a culture of reaction to a culture of prevention” (United Nations 1999). In 2001 the UN Secretary-General for the first time devoted an entire report (S/2001/574) to the broad topic of conflict prevention, another UN report on mediation was issued in 2009 (S/2009/189). In 2011 a report (S/2011/552) was the first one ever devoted to the narrower topic of preventive diplomacy. It has been a long journey in general for the concepts, as well as for becoming a focus area of the UN even though they are at the core of the UN Charter. By 2012 preventive diplomacy and peacemaking are more topical than ever, and rigorous comparative empirical research on the subject has flourished during the past 10 years (Bercovitch and Gartner 2006; Frazier and Dixon 2006; Bercovitch and DeRouen 2012; Bercovitch and Jackson 2012; Gartner 2012). While having flourished and generated many insights, research has only scratched the surface of the complexities of the conditions for successful preventive diplomacy and peacemaking. Presently there are many competing and sometimes complementary, more or less compelling theories on the subject matter. A substantive amount of additional rigorous empirical research is required to sort out some theories and conventional wisdoms, and eliminate others as being less fruitful. Moreover, the robustness of many research findings remains to be corroborated under other empirical settings, and with additional competing explanations taken into account. While making headway, the scholarly community is aware that it is far away a single general or grand theory of conditions for successful preventive diplomacy and mediation.
Prototype of a VR upper-limb rehabilitation system enhanced with motion-based tactile feedback

Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in adults, with increasing incidence as the population ages. Physical and occupational therapy support the recovery process, with therapy duration and intensity having been identified as critical factors. However, conventional therapy is limited to a short period following the stroke, with only limited possibilities to continue therapy at home. Increasing health costs and lack of trained personnel further strengthen this problem. There is thus a great need for home-based therapy systems, allowing to engage patients and assess the training with sufficient precision to provide meaningful exercises. In this paper, we suggest expandable software architecture for virtual reality rehabilitation applications. This system utilizes various sensors and actuators (i.e. the Kinect for upper limb tracking and a haptic glove). Based on this system, we propose a motion based tactile rendering algorithm. It generates interactive vibration patterns employing the tactile apparent movement phenomenon based on user's movement to enhance the immersion and provide sensory feedback during rehabilitation training in the virtual reality environment. Three rehabilitation game applications are presented as proof of concept of the proposed system.
Defective in Mitotic Arrest 1/Ring Finger 8 Is a Checkpoint Protein That Antagonizes the Human Mitotic Exit Network

A molecular pathway homologous to the S. cerevisiae mitotic exit network (MEN) and S. pombe septation initiation network has recently been described in higher eukaryotes and involves the tumor suppressor kinase LATS1 and its subunit MOB1A. The yeast MEN/septation initiation network pathways are regulated by the ubiquitin ligase defective in mitotic arrest 1 (Dma1p), a checkpoint protein that helps maintain prometaphase arrest when cells are exposed to microtubule poisons. We identified here the RING domain protein ring finger 8 (RNF8) as the human orthologue of the yeast protein Dma1p. Like its yeast counterparts, human DMA1/RNF8 localized at the midbody and its depletion by siRNA compromised mitotic arrest of nocodazole-treated cells in a manner dependent on the MEN. Depletion of MAD2, a spindle checkpoint protein, also compromised mitotic arrest, but in a MEN-independent manner. Thus, two distinct checkpoint pathways maintain mitotic arrest in cells exposed to microtubule poisons. (Mol Cancer Res 2007;5(12):1304–11)
Characterization of rotaviral RNA isolated from children with gastroenteritis in two hospitals in rotterdam

Rotavirus RNA was extracted from stools collected from children with gastroenteritis in two hospitals in Rotterdam. Electrophoresis of the RNAs showed that at least 19 different electropherotypes were isolated from stools collected in the period from 1977 to 1982. It was possible to identify the index case in some hospital‐acquired cases of rotaviral gastroenteritis.
Has American Industry Been Decentralizing? The Evidence for the 1939-1954 Period

I N a previous article by the present writer' a relatively complex method for measuring change in the location of manufacturing activity was proposed and the technique applied in an analysis of relative shifts of industry among State Economic Areas for the period 1939 to 1947. The purpose of the present paper is to extend this study forward to the 1954 Census of Manufactures, to re-examine earlier findings and problems in the light of the newer data, and also to scrutinize another major aspect of change in the location of ml-anufacturinig intra-miietropolitai shifts. In the initial study it was found that in the 1939-1947 period there had been " a significant relative dispersion of industrial activity out from the metropolitan areas into the adjacent, relatively un industrialized regions, from the eastern to the western portions of the aiianufacturing Belt, and from the M/ianufacturing Belt in general to the outer reaches of the nation. " Even though an over-all pattern of decentralization from the industrialized core of the nation to various "sub-industrial" regions was discerned, whether gauged in terms of relative shifts of value added by manufacture or those in production workers (the V and the E factors2),