Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Mental Health of Children Providing Care to their Elderly Parent

Providing care to a disabled parent can be a psychologically strenuous activity with potential negative consequences for the caregiver's mental health. At the same time, experiencing the declining health of a parent - often the very reason for the parent's care needs - can impact the adult child's mental health negatively. Because both events are usually observed simultaneously, disentangling the "caregiver effect" and the "family effect" remains a challenge. Using longitudinal data of the elderly population in Europe and an instrumental variable approach to address possible endogeneity concerns, this paper separately estimates the effect of caregiving and the decline of a parent's health on adult children's mental health. While I find negative but small caregiver and family effects for the "average" caregiver, the caregiver effect is multiplied for daughters if care provision is triggered by higher parental care needs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors affecting the cholesterol content of milk of cows fed conserved feeds in a TMR system throughout the year.

The cholesterol content in cow milk is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Despite the fact that the main part of cholesterol contained in milk is synthesised endogenously, via process independent of the offered diet type, the chemical composition of feed (especially fat) affects the content of this sterol in cow milk (Precht, 2001). The content of cholesterol in cow milk is related also to the proportion of somatic cell counts (Strzalkowska et al., 2009a). In the available literature there are limited information concerning the cholesterol content in milk of cows fed uniform diet composed only of conserved feeds during the whole year, but there Summary
[Estimating standard performance measures of opportunistic screening for prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVE to estimate the standard performance measures of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening as implemented in the existing health care system and to compare the observed results with those fom the European Randomized Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) trial. DESIGN in a consecutive series of men living in two Italian health districts, aged > or = 30 years, with at least one total PSA test between 2000 and 2003, those subjects putatively tested for screening purposes were identified using record linkage with multiple local health databases. This was also used to determine the outcomes of follow-up of subjects with positive test result (PSA > or = 4 ng/ml) at 12 and 24 months of observation. SETTING clinical chemistry laboratories, outpatient urology clinics, pathology departments, and mortality registries of the health districts of Ravenna and Forlì, and the Romagna Cancer Registry. PARTICIPANTS 52,513 total subjects, 42,398 of whom putatively tested for screening purposes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES the most common performance measures of cancer screening. RESULTS the 2-year screening rate increased until 80 years of age. In the age range 55-69 years, i.e. the target age of the ERSPC trial, the screening rate was 38.1%, and the rate of positive test results (9.1%) was within the expected range. The PSA level, but not the subjects age, was strongly associated with follow-up procedures. After 24 months of observation, 24.4% PSA-positive patients received no further evaluation, 54.8% underwent repeat testing as the initial follow-up action, and 44.0% were referred for urologic assessment. The biopsy rate was 25.3%, the positive predictive value of PSA testing 10.1%, the detection rate of prostate cancer 9.4 per thousand, and the detected/expected ratio 8.4. CONCLUSION compared with methods and results of the ERSPC trial, the management of PSA-positive subjects was much more conservative, and the yield of disease much smaller.
Coupled chemical-hydraulic-mechanical behaviour of bentonites

Bentonites are clay soils characterised by a high specific surface and a permanent negative electric charge on their solid skeleton. Their common use as hydraulic and contaminant barriers for landfill and soil remediation applications, including the final disposal of nuclear waste, needs to be supported by adequate theoretical modelling of their mechanical behaviour and transport properties, in order to assess the expected performance in the long term. To this end, a theoretical approach has been proposed in order to derive constitutive equations for their coupled chemical-hydraulic-mechanical behaviour. The phenomenological parameters that govern the transport of electrolyte solutions through bentonites – that is, the hydraulic conductivity, the reflection coefficient (which is also called the chemico-osmotic efficiency coefficient), and the osmotic effective diffusion coefficient – have been measured through laboratory tests on a bentonite with porosity of 0·81, over a range of sodium chloride concentra.
Surgical versus nonsurgical interventions to relieve upper airway obstruction in children with Pierre Robin sequence.

BACKGROUND Newborns with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) often experience chronic intermittent hypoxemia/hypoventilation associated with airway obstruction. The heterogeneity of the severity of upper airway obstruction makes management a challenge; the optimal intervention in individual cases is not clear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of surgical/nonsurgical interventions for PRS at two children's hospitals. Patient characteristics and outcomes were examined. METHODS The present retrospective chart review identified 139 patients with PRS born between 2000 and 2010. Demographic information, mode of airway management, associated anomalies and syndromes, polysomnography results, length of intensive care unit and hospital stay, complications and deaths were extracted. RESULTS Interventions included prone positioning (alone [61%]), tongue-lip adhesion (45%), nasopharyngeal intubation (28%), continuous positive airway pressure (20%), tracheostomy (19%) and mandibular distraction osteogenesis (5%). Tracheostomies were more prevalent in syndromic patients (P=0.03). Patients who underwent tracheostomy had a lower birth weight (P=0.03) compared with newborns with other interventions. Patients who underwent surgical interventions had longer intensive care unit stays (P<0.001). No intervention was associated with a statistically significant likelihood of requiring a subsequent intervention. Thirty percent of patients underwent polysomnography, with a higher proportion of these using continuous positive airway pressure (n=15) (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In the present descriptive study, patients with syndromic PRS or low birth weight underwent early intervention, which included a tracheostomy. Objective measures of airway obstruction were underutilized. Decision making regarding evaluation and management of upper airway obstruction in this population remains clinician and resource dependent. Reporting data obtained from a large cohort of PRS patients is important to compare experiences and motivate future studies investigating this complex condition.
Prenatal diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney disease in the second trimester screening

Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is the most common antenatally diagnosed cystic renal pathology. It refers to the presence of multiple kidney cysts surrounded by dysplastic parenchymal tissue. The typical MCDK ultrasound finding shows multiple nonconnecting thin‐walled cysts within an irregularly outlined kidney. We want to present our own cases as an addition to the relatively scarce literature about MCDK.
Death, dependency and health status 90 days following hospital admission for acute stroke in NSW

Background: Stroke is an Australian health priority area causing considerable levels of disability. We report 90‐day outcomes for a cohort of acute stroke patients in New South Wales (NSW), Australia prior to randomization to a large cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT), the Quality in Acute Stroke Care (QASC) trial.
Cultural Heritage and Tourism: An Introduction

Chapter 1: Cultural Heritage and Tourism Section 1 Chapter 2: Consumption of Culture: Heritage Demand and Experience Chapter 3: Heritage Supply: Attractions and Services Chapter 4: Spatial Perspectives and Heritage Resources Chapter 5: Looking for Something Real: Heritage, Tourism and Elusive Authenticity Chapter 6: Tourism and the Politics of Heritage Chapter 7: The Need to Conserve the Past: The Impacts of Tourism Chapter 8: Protective Legislation and Conservation Organizations Chapter 9: Protecting the Past for Today: Heritage Conservation and Tourism Chapter 10: Telling the Story: Interpreting the Past for Visitors Chapter 11: Planning Principles and Cultural Heritage Destinations Chapter 12: Marketing the Past for Today Chapter 13: Raising Revenue and Managing Visitors Section 2 Chapter 14: Museums and Living Heritage Centers Chapter 15: Archaeological Sites and Monuments Chapter 16: Landscapes of the Elite and the Ordinary Chapter 17: The Industrial Past Chapter 18: Religious Sites and Pilgrimage Chapter 19: Diaspora, Roots and Personal Heritage Tourism Chapter 20: Indigenous Heritage and Living Culture Chapter 21: Dark Tourism and Sites of Atrocity Chapter 22: Conclusion
Alexander Todorov A Statistical Model of Facial Attractiveness

Previous research has identified facial averageness and sexual dimorphism as important factors in facial attractiveness. The averageness and sexual dimorphism accounts provide important first steps in understanding what makes faces attractive, and should be valued for their parsimony. However, we show that they explain relatively little of the variance in facial attractiveness, particularly for male faces. As an alternative to these accounts, we built a regression model that defines attractiveness as a function of a face’s position in a multidimensional face space. The model provides much more predictive power than the averageness and sexual dimorphism accounts and reveals previously unreported components of attractiveness. The model shows that averageness is attractive in some dimensions but not in others and resolves previous contradictory reports about the effects of sexual dimorphism on the attractiveness of male faces.
Pulmonary functions in ARC-welders in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the occupational effects of Arc-welding on small scale welders in Modakeke, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. DESIGN A community-based, cross-sectional study. SETTING A semi-urban area Modakeke, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. POPULATION A semi-urban area with a population of about 300,000 (three hundred thousand). STUDY POPULATION Forty four Arc-welders in Modakeke, Ile-Ife and fifty age and sex-matched controls working in the Maintenance Department of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. INTERVENTION Structured questionnaires adapted from the Medical Research Council, UK respiratory questionnaire with some modifications were administered to all subjects and controls. Physical examination and lung function tests were also carried out on all subjects and controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Occupational-related symptoms of welders and controls were compared. Ventilatory function of welders and controls were also compared using the Student's 't'-test. Chi-square was adopted to test the strength of relationship between smoking and lung function abnormalities. RESULTS The most frequent symptoms found among the subjects were eye irritation (95.43%), rhinitis (50.09%) and skin irritation (43.19%). The arc-welders were found to have characteristically lower lung function parameters than controls (p < 0.05). Ten (22.7%) of the subjects had obstructive lung disease compared to four (8%) of the controls; while 18 (40.9%) of the subjects had restrictive lung disease. Their lung abnormalities had no relationship to their smoking history. CONCLUSION Workers exposed to arc-welding are at risk of occupational-related symptoms and chronic lung disease. Adoption of protective devices and monitoring of welders' breathing zones for toxic levels of gases and fumes are necessary to reduce the risk associated with arc-welding.
Implementation of e-Government at the Local Level in Underdeveloped Countries: the Case Study of AP Vojvodina

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to collect and articulate experiences acquired in implementation of e‐Government in Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Serbia) aimed at speeding up diminution of the gap in the level of local e‐Government development when compared to the developed countries, while taking into consideration the main constraints that are attributable to underdeveloped countries.Design/methodology/approach – Contemporary methodologies were used for the project design and implementation of the communication and information infrastructure, accompanied with international and domestic good practices related to the development of e‐Government.Findings – Based on the strategic recommendations related to ICT policy and standards, and annual operating plans, in the first five‐year period (2005‐2010) the level of the ICT deployment in the operation of AP Vojvodina Assembly and Government was achieved that is close to the level of e‐Government in the developed countries in early 2006. The computer.
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHEAT STEM RUST AND YIELD OF WHEAT VARIETIES IN HIGHLANDS OF ETHIOPIA

Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp tritici Erik. & E. Henn. is a highly destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The effects of fungicide application on stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici) epidemics and yield of three bread wheat varieties varying in reaction to the disease were studied in two major wheat growing and stem rust prone districts (Agarfa and Sinana) of Bale, Ethiopia. Disease onset was late, generally after ear emergence, at both locations; but stem rust severity increased at high rates and terminal severity levels up to 81, 72 and 37% at Agarfa, and up to 37, 32 and 14% at Sinana were recorded on the varieties Sirbo, Maddawalabu and FH4-2-11, respectively. The rates of infection and AUDPC values of stem rust on the varieties were significantly (P
Toxic Electrophiles Induce Expression of the Multidrug Efflux Pump MexEF-OprN in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through a Novel Transcriptional Regulator, CmrA

ABSTRACT The multidrug efflux system MexEF-OprN is produced at low levels in wild-type strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, in so-called nfxC mutants, mutational alteration of the gene mexS results in constitutive overexpression of the pump, along with increased resistance of the bacterium to chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim. In this study, analysis of in vitro-selected chloramphenicol-resistant clones of strain PA14 led to the identification of a new class of MexEF-OprN-overproducing mutants (called nfxC2) exhibiting alterations in an as-yet-uncharacterized gene, PA14_38040 (homolog of PA2047 in strain PAO1). This gene is predicted to encode an AraC-like transcriptional regulator and was called cmrA (for chloramphenicol resistance activator). In nfxC2 mutants, the mutated CmrA increases its proper gene expression and upregulates the operon mexEF-oprN through MexS and MexT, resulting in a multidrug resistance phenotype without significant loss in bacterial virulence. Transcriptomic experiments demonstrated that CmrA positively regulates a small set of 11 genes, including PA14_38020 (homolog of PA2048), which is required for the MexS/T-dependent activation of mexEF-oprN. PA2048 codes for a protein sharing conserved domains with the quinol monooxygenase YgiN from Escherichia coli. Interestingly, exposure of strain PA14 to toxic electrophilic molecules (glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and cinnamaldehyde) strongly activates the CmrA pathway and upregulates MexEF-OprN and, thus, increases the resistance of P. aeruginosa to the pump substrates. A picture emerges in which MexEF-OprN is central in the response of the pathogen to stresses affecting intracellular redox homeostasis.
Asymmetric localization of the CDC25B phosphatase to the mother centrosome during interphase

The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK)-activating phosphatase CDC25B, localises to the centrosomes where its activity is both positively and negatively regulated by several kinases including Aurora A and CHK1. Our recent data also demonstrate a role for CDC25B in the centrosome duplication cycle and microtubule nucleation in interphase that appears to involve the recruitment of γ-tubulin to the centrosomes. In the present study, we report that CDC25B, along with CHK1, CDK1 and WEE1, localise asymmetrically around the mother centrosome from S to G2-phases, and gradually become evenly distributed to the two centrosomes by late G2 phase, concomitant with centrosome maturation. We further demonstrate that siRNA inhibition of CDC25B results in an accumulation of cells in G2 phase with two separated centrosomes, each containing only a single centriole, suggesting a requirement for CDC25B in centriole duplication. We propose that the localisation of key cell cycle regulators to the mother centrosome ensures synchrony between the centrosome duplication and cell division cycles.
Microphthalmia in a Case of Edward Syndrome

Abstract Aim: To present an infant of trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome) with unilateral microphthalmia. Methods: A female infant who was born at 41 weeks of gestation had been diagnosed with Edwards Syndrome (ES). On ophthalmic examination, microphthalmia, microcornea, optic disc coloboma, and persistent hyaloid artery were determined in the left eye. In addition, abnormalities in the ears, hands, feet, and cardiovascular system were present. Discussion: With this case report, we aimed to highlight the relationship between ocular disgenesis and chromosomal disorders and the importance of prenatal testing and genetic counseling for parents.
Spinning the Web of Care: Logics of IT in the Healthcare Marketplace

In this study, we analyze the adoption of IT resources within the U.S. healthcare system from the perspective of institutional logics. We focus on the impact of adoption of EHR and other health IT on the interactions between diverse stakeholders and the values and objectives driving EHR adoption. Our findings reveal a wider range of observable institutional logics than discussed in previous research within healthcare. We see evidence of both conflicting and complementary logics in the move to an IT-intensive healthcare system. Our study calls attention to institutional logics that may unite healthcare stakeholders around a common reform vision. We also observe conflicting logics whose relative prevalence is likely to be impacted with growing EHR adoption. This research also highlights the value of framing institutional logics in a more systems-oriented fashion than reflected in previous research.
PLACENTAL HYPERTROPHY IN SEVERE PREGNANCY ANAEMIA *

A prospective combined study of consecutive patients with severe pregnancy anaemia (haemoglobin value less than 8 g. per 100 ml.) was performed in five countries to determine the relationship between maternal anaemia and placental weight. Data were recorded in 732 pregnancies and the important finding was that placental hypertrophy was associated with maternal anaemia in all centres. There was a positive correlation between maternal anaemia and placental weight which was statistically highly significant; Melbourne and Thailand, P = 0·01; India, P<0·025; Singapore and New Guinea, P<0·001.
Cytochrome P450 regulation: the interplay between its heme* and apoprotein moieties in synthesis, assembly, repair, and disposal

Heme is vital to our aerobic universe. Heme cellular content is finely tuned through an exquisite control of synthesis and degradation. Heme deficiency is deleterious to cells, whereas excess heme is toxic. Most of the cellular heme serves as the prosthetic moiety of functionally diverse hemoproteins, including cytochromes P450 (P450s). In the liver, P450s are its major consumers, with >50% of hepatic heme committed to their synthesis. Prosthetic heme is the sine qua non of P450 catalytic biotransformation of both endo- and xenobiotics. This well-recognized functional role notwithstanding, heme also regulates P450 protein synthesis, assembly, repair, and disposal. These less well-appreciated aspects are reviewed herein.
Exponential stability and static output feedback stabilization of singular time-delay systems with saturating actuators

This paper deals with the class of continuoustime singular linear systems with time-varying delays. The stability and stabilization problems of this class of systems are addressed. Delay-range-dependent sufficient conditions such that the system is regular, impulse free and α-stable are developed in the linear matrix inequality (LMI) setting and an estimate of the convergence rate of such stable systems is also presented. An iterative LMI (ILMI) algorithm to compute a static output feedback controller gains is proposed. A numerical example is employed to show the usefulness of the proposed results.
Association of Vitamin D Metabolites with Parathyroid Hormone, Fibroblast Growth Factor‐23, Calcium, and Phosphorus in Dogs with Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease

Background Hypovitaminosis D is associated with progression of renal disease, development of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism (RHPT), chronic kidney disease‐mineral bone disorder (CKD‐MBD), and increased mortality in people with CKD. Despite what is known regarding vitamin D dysregulation in humans with CKD, little is known about vitamin D metabolism in dogs with CKD. Objectives The purpose of our study was to further elucidate vitamin D status in dogs with different stages of CKD and to relate it to factors that affect the development of CKD‐MBD, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23), calcium, and phosphorus concentrations. Methods Thirty‐seven dogs with naturally occurring CKD were compared to 10 healthy dogs. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], and 24,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D], and PTH and FGF‐23 concentrations were measured. Their association with serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations and IRIS stage was determined. Results Compared to healthy dogs, all vitamin D metabolite concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages 3 and 4 CKD (r [creatinine]: −0.49 to −0.60; P < .05) but not different in dogs with stages 1 and 2 CKD. All vitamin D metabolites were negatively correlated with PTH, FGF‐23, and phosphorus concentrations (r: −0.39 to −0.64; P < .01). Conclusions and Clinical Importance CKD in dogs is associated with decreases in all vitamin D metabolites evaluated suggesting that multiple mechanisms, in addition to decreased renal mass, affect their metabolism. This information could have prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Positive Shift in Threshold Voltage for Reactive-Ion- Sputtered Al2O3/AlInN/GaN MIS-HEMT

AlInN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) have been fabricated with reactive-ion-sputtered (RIS) Al2O3 as a gate dielectric. Significant reduction in the gate leakage current is achieved upon insertion of RIS-Al2O3. MIS-HEMTs also show better transconductance, drain characteristics, and ION/IOFF ratio. Most interestingly, a positive shift in threshold voltage is observed for MIS-HEMTs indicating the presence of net negative charge at oxide-semiconductor interface. The origin and stability of the negative charge at the interface is discussed in this letter.