Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semi-supervised emotion lexicon expansion with label propagation and specialized word embeddings

There exist two main approaches to automatically extract affective orientation: lexicon-based and corpus-based. In this work, we argue that these two methods are compatible and show that combining them can improve the accuracy of emotion classifiers. In particular, we introduce a novel variant of the Label Propagation algorithm that is tailored to distributed word representations, we apply batch gradient descent to accelerate the optimization of label propagation and to make the optimization feasible for large graphs, and we propose a reproducible method for emotion lexicon expansion. We conclude that label propagation can expand an emotion lexicon in a meaningful way and that the expanded emotion lexicon can be leveraged to improve the accuracy of an emotion classifier.
Essays in experimental asset pricing

This dissertation covers topics of research in the area of experimental macroeconomics, in particular in the field of experimental asset pricing. First, the literature related to consumption-based asset pricing a la Lucas (1978) is surveyed, with a focus on the literature that, by abandoning the full rationality assumption, can match empirical features of asset prices, such as asset returns predictability, equity premium and excessively volatile returns. From a methodological point of view, laboratory experiments emerge as a well suited tool to explore expectational feedback loops into prices. Using the latter as a starting point, the two consecutive chapters aim at providing a convincing explanation to two observed asset price patterns: the cyclicality of asset market booms and busts and the sources of asset price volatility.
Energy Expenditure, Cardiorespiratory, and Perceptual Responses to Shallow-Water Aquatic Exercise in Young Adult Women

Abstract Introduction: Aquatic exercise (AE) is a popular form of physical activity, yet few studies have assessed the individual's energy expenditure (EE) associated with a continuous bout of AE. Studies using indirect calorimetry to measure EE have reported limitations associated with test methodology and the ability to control individual's exercise intensity or tempo. Purpose: To evaluate EE and cardiorespiratory (CR) responses during a 40-minute shallow-water AE session in young adult women. Methods: Twenty-one healthy women (aged 21.7 ± 3.4 years) completed an orientation practice session and a 40-minute shallow-water AE session using a traditional exercise class format and the SWEAT video-based instructional cuing program. The high-intensity interval format included the following segments: 1) warm-up (3 minutes); 2) CR segment (22 minutes); 3) muscular endurance segment (ME; 10 minutes); and 4) cool-down (5 minutes). Subject oxygen consumption (VO2; mL/kg/min), heart rate (HR) and OMNI overall ratings of perceived exertion (RPE-O) were assessed each minute. Average kcal/min1, metabolic equivalents (METs; 1 MET = 3.5 mL/kg/min), and total kcals per segment and for the overall session were calculated. Results: The total subject EE throughout the 40-minute trial (including warm-up and cool-down segments) was 264 kcals, with an overall average of 6.3 kcals/min (5.6 METs). The average kcals/min expended throughout CR segments 2 through 6 was 8.05 (7.1 METs), with the Hoverjog segment producing the greatest average kcals/min at 8.3 (7.3 METs). The CR portion (22 min) contributed 65% of the total EE (171 kcals) of the 40-minute AE trial. For the overall AE trial, the highest and average subject VO2 achieved were 33.3 and 19.7 mL/kg/min, respectively. The average highest subject heart rate achieved was 177 beats per minute (bpm), equivalent to 90% of the participant's age-predicted HRmax. Conclusion: Energy expenditure during a 40-minute AE session met national recommendations for a daily moderate-to-vigorous bout of physical activity offering a viable alternative to land-based exercise. Because AE serves as a partial-weight bearing modality, future studies are needed to clarify the EE of shallow-water AE in apparently healthy and clinical populations.
WILL UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES LEARN TO TAX

THE importance of public revenue to the underdeveloped countries can hardly be exaggerated if they are to achieve their hopes of accelerated economic progress. Whatever the prevailing ideology or political color of a particular government, it must steadily expand a whole host of non-revenue-yielding services? education, health, communication systems and so on? as a prerequisite for the country's economic and cultural develop ment. These services must be financed out of government rev enue. Besides meeting these needs, taxes and other compulsory levies provide the most appropriate instruments for increasing savings for capital formation out of domestic sources. By provid ing a surplus over recurrent expenditure, they make it possible to devote a higher proportion of resources to building up capital assets.
Enhancing organizational communication through appreciative inquiry : the case of East African Union of the Seventh-day Adventist

Internal communication is a vital component of organizational communication and plays a major role in the realization of an organization’s mission because it influences organization members’ interpersonal relationships. However, most of the literature on organizational communication understates factors that may impede adequate internal communication practices in complex organizations such as East African Union (EAU). Hence factors such as the organization’s culture, or organization members’ cultural and educational backgrounds, and gender relations are understated. Furthermore, the literature understates how complex organizational structures such as those of the EAU can hinder or facilitate effective internal communication or the relationships between communication partners. Also, most studies on organizational communication have tended to study organizations from a problem-centric approach, making them more problematic and complex. This study provides an alternative lens for studying organizations by advocating for a positive approach. The study sought to identify existing positive internal communication practices in EAU, and strategies to improve them. Using structuration theory to frame the research questions and 3 phases of appreciative inquiry (AI) cycle, this study established that trust, leader-follower confidence, freedom of creativity and positive gender relations influence the organization’s internal communication practices. Enhanced communication in turn improves trust, leader-follower confidence, creativity, and positive gender relations. Study participants identified and proposed strategies, actions and practices to enhance the respective communication drivers. The study found that variables such as the organization’s culture, diverse organizational members, organizational leadership, and appreciative inquiry mediate the effect of internal communication in the organization, making the improvement of internal communication in EAU through appreciative inquiry a dynamic, tentative and fluid process. The study showed that structuration theory facilitated organizational learning and change of the organization’s communication culture demonstrating therefore that the organization was open to learning. This study contributes to organizational communication studies by demonstrating that enhanced trust, enhanced leader-follower confidence, enhanced creativity, and positive gender relations influence the quality and quantity of internal communication and vice versa. The study also contributes to appreciative inquiry studies by extending it to Christian organizations and also demonstrates that AI can be used flexibly according to a researcher’s needs.
Testing the Fisher Hypothesis in the G-7 Countries Using I(d) Techniques

This paper revisits the Fisher hypothesis by estimating fractional integration and cointegration models that are more general than the standard ones based on the classical I(0)/I(1) dichotomy. Two sets of results are obtained under the alternative assumptions of white noise and Bloomfield (1973) autocorrelated errors respectively. The univariate analysis suggests than the differencing parameter is higher than 1 for most series in the former case, whilst the unit root null cannot be rejected for the majority of them in the latter case. The multivariate results imply that there exists a positive relationship, linking nominal interest rates to inflation; however, there is no evidence of the full adjustment of the former to the latter required by the Fisher hypothesis.
Neonatal haemochromatosis

Four cases of neonatal haemochromatosis presenting as fulminant hepatic failure in the newborn were diagnosed by autopsy. In all four cases the diagnosis was made by histochemical demonstration of excessive iron deposition in hepatocytes and extrahepatic parenchymal cells, particularly pancreatic acinar epithelium, thyroid follicular epithelium and distal renal tubules. No haemosiderin was detectable in the extrahepatic mononuclear‐phagocytic cells of the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. The liver was the most severely affected organ. The hepatic haemosiderosis was associated with massive hepatocellular necrosis of prenatal onset in three patients, one of whom showed formation of regenerative nodules, establishing true congenital cirrhosis. Other inconstant findings included giant cell transformation, diffuse sinusoidal fibrosis with segregation of small groups of hepatocytes and cholestasis with pseudoacinar change of liver cell plates. The fetal liver disease had its onset in the late second trimester of pregnancy and was reflected clinically by severe panhypoproteinaemia with non‐immune hydrops; hyperbilirubinaemia and haemorrhagic diatheses were apparent in the newborn. Neonatal haemochromatosis is a metabolic disorder, probably of autosomal recessive inheritance. The site and nature of the basic defect remain uncertain. Pathologists should be aware of this condition and its potential recurrence in subsequent pregnancies.
Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease (AD). What Can Proteomics Tell Us About the Alzheimer's Brain?*

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer′s diseases (AD), are becoming more prevalent as the population ages. However, the mechanisms that lead to synapse destabilization and neuron death remain elusive. The advent of proteomics has allowed for high-throughput screening methods to search for biomarkers that could lead to early diagnosis and treatment and to identify alterations in the cellular proteome that could provide insight into disease etiology and possible treatment avenues. In this review, we have concentrated mainly on the findings that are related to how and whether proteomics studies have contributed to two aspects of AD research, the development of biomarkers for clinical diagnostics, and the recognition of proteins that can help elucidate the pathways leading to AD brain pathology. As a result of these studies, several candidate cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are now available for further validation in different AD cohorts. Studies in AD brain and AD transgenic models support the notion that oxidative damage results in the alterations of metabolic enzymes and that mitochondrial dysfunction is central to AD neuropathology.
Ongoing outbreak of West Nile virus infections in humans in Greece, July-August 2010.

Between 16 July and 21 August 2011, 31 cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease were reported from four regions in Greece. Of these, 17 occurred in districts that had not been affected in 2010. The reoccurrence of human cases in two consecutive years (following the large 2010 outbreak) and the spread of the virus in new areas suggest that West Nile virus is established in Greece, and its transmission may continue to occur in the future.
Calcineurin-mediated slow-type fiber expression and growth in reloading condition.

PURPOSE Calcineurin (CaN) signaling pathway has been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of slow muscle fiber genes and in muscle hypertrophy. Our aim was to investigate the functional role of CaN as a regulator of muscle growth and/or muscle fiber type under conditions of recovery from inactivity. METHODS Female ICR mice (8 wk of age, 28-32 g) were used. To examine the effects of hindlimb suspension (HS) and reloading on skeletal muscle fiber size and muscle fiber type, animals were designated to 8 wk of HS and subsequent reloading for 4 wk. During reloading, animals were treated with pharmacological inhibitors for CaN (FK506) by intraperitoneal administration (3-5 mg.kg.d). After each experimental period, antigravitational soleus muscle was analyzed. RESULTS HS treatment resulted in obvious muscle atrophy and slow-to-fast fiber-type transformation in the soleus muscle. Subsequent reloading for 4 wk following HS induced muscle regrowth and fiber-type reversion toward a slow profile. FK506 administration prevented this kind of reloading-induced transformation of muscle fiber type. Furthermore, it was confirmed that FK506 administration attenuated maintenance of fiber cross-sectional area and reloading-induced fiber regrowth, specifically in slow-type muscle fibers. CONCLUSION Reloading-induced fiber-type reversion toward a slow profile is prevented by the pharmacological inhibition of CaN. Additionally, inhibition of CaN prevented maintenance and regrowth of slow-type muscle fibers. These results implicate that the CaN signaling pathway is required in the slow-type muscle fiber program under maintenance and suspension-reloading conditions.
PTEN and p53 Mutations in Endometrial Carcinomas

Background : Endometrial carcinomas are pathogenetically classified into two major types; endometrioid carcinoma (EC) and serous carcinoma (SC). The most frequently altered gene in EC is the PTEN tumor suppressor gene (TSG). SC is usually associated with mutations in the p53 TSG. Methods : To further determine the role of PTEN and p53 mutation in endometrial carcinogenesis, the analysis of 33 endometrial carcinomas, including 28 ECs and 5 SCs, for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 10q23 and for mutation in all 9 coding exons of PTEN and the 5-8 exons of p53, using SSCP-PCR methods was carried out. Results : LOH was detected in at least one marker in 12 (54.5%) of 22 ECs, but in only one (20.0%) of 5 SCs. Somatic PTEN mutations were detected in 10 (35.7%) of 28 ECs. PTEN was altered in 67.9% of ECs and in 20.0% of SCs, including those with 10q23 LOH. No PTEN mutations were found among the SCs. Somatic p53 mutations were detected in 2 (7.1%) of 28 ECs and 3 (60.0%) of 5 SCs. Conclusions : PTEN gene alterations contribute to the pathogenesis of an endometrioid subtype of endometrial carcinoma, but not to the serous type. In contrast, p53 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SCs.
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) as an Adjunct to Autologous Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Lymphoma

OBJECTIVE To determine the hemopoietic effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients having autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation for Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. DESIGN Placebo or GM-CSF was administered after bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation or both in a randomized, double-blind phase III trial by daily intravenous infusion (10 micrograms/kg body weight) until absolute neutrophil counts reached greater than or equal to 1000/mm3 on 3 consecutive days. SETTING Bone marrow transplantation unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS Sixty-nine consecutive patients with Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma received GM-CSF (36 patients) or placebo (33 patients). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patients who received GM-CSF achieved absolute neutrophil counts greater than or equal to 500/mm3 (median, 12 compared with 16 days, P = 0.02) and absolute neutrophil counts greater than or equal to 1000/mm3 (median, 15 compared with 24 days, P less than 0.001) more quickly than patients who received placebo. Multivariate analysis indicated that use of GM-CSF, peripheral blood stem cells, and unpurged bone marrow were the strongest predictors for early neutrophil recovery greater than 500/mm3. Bacterial infections were significantly reduced in the GM-CSF group (P = 0.04). Delayed engraftment (neutrophils less than 500/mm3 at day 30) occurred in 26% and 17% of the placebo and GM-CSF groups, respectively, and correlated with the absence of detectable myeloid progenitor cells (colony-forming units-granulocyte macrophage, CFU-GM) (P less than 0.001) in marrow aspirate specimens obtained on day 15. Time to platelet independence, duration of hospital stay, severe adverse reactions, relapse, and disease-free survival rates did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Administration of GM-CSF after autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with lymphoma resulted in accelerated myeloid recovery, particularly in patients who received peripheral blood stem cells and nonpurged bone marrow, and was associated with a decreased incidence of bacterial infections.
VEGF and BMP-6 enhance bone formation mediated by cloned mouse osteoprogenitor cells

New strategies such as combined utilization of growth factors may provide a better treatment for difficult fractures. We have demonstrated enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis through the actions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) on the osteogenic differentiation of a cloned mouse osteoprogenitor cell in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. Human VEGF and BMP-6 genes expressed together produced a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of the RunX2 and osteocalcin genes and mineralization. Microcomputed tomographic analysis of subcutaneous implants consisting of cells transfected with VEGF and BMP-6 cDNA and delivered on a 3D poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold confirmed the additive effects between VEGF and BMP-6. Ectopic bone formation in the VEGF plus BMP-6 group was greatest compared to that in either VEGF or BMP-6 alone. This is the first study that demonstrates osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo through the additive effects of VEGF and BMP-6.
Transcription factor mutations and congenital hypothyroidism: systematic genetic screening of a population-based cohort of Japanese patients.

CONTEXT Gene mutations of transcription factors that are predominantly expressed in the thyroid gland cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH). The prevalence of CH due to transcription factor mutations remains undetermined. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to define the prevalence of CH due to mutations of PAX8, NKX2-1 [encoding thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1], FOXE1 (encoding TTF-2), and NKX2-5 among patients with permanent primary CH and in the general population in Japan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We enrolled 102 CH patients that represent 353,000 newborns born in Kanagawa prefecture from October 1979 to June 2006. We sequenced PAX8, NKX2-1, FOXE1, and NKX2-5 using PCR-based methods. Additionally, deletion/duplication of PAX8, NKX2-1, and FOXE1 was screened by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Molecular functions of putative mutations were verified in vitro. RESULTS We identified a novel small duplication of PAX8 (p.K80_A84dup) in two half-sibling patients with thyroid hypoplasia. We also found a novel NKX2-1 variation (p.H60W) in a sporadic nonsyndromic CH patient. In vitro experiments showed that K80_A84dup PAX8 had impaired transactivation of the thyroglobulin promoter. H60W TTF-1 exhibited a comparable transactivating capacity with wild-type TTF-1, suggesting a benign variation. We estimate the prevalence of PAX8 mutations to be 2.0% (two in 102) among Japanese CH patients and one in 176,000 (two in 353,000) in the general Japanese population. CONCLUSIONS Using a population-based sample, we confirmed that a minor subset of CH patients has transcription factor mutations, but they are rare. In our cohort, PAX8 mutations were the leading cause of such a rare condition.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for pain after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION The evidence regarding efficiency of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on relief of neuropathic pain (NP) in patients with prior spinal cord injury (SCI) is controversial. The current meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of rTMS in pain relieve in patients suffering from SCI associated NP. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Database, EMBASE, Google Scholar databases were searched for clinical studies on effects of rTMS treatment on NP caused by prior SCI published before March 14th, 2016 with various combinations of following key words: "transcranial magnetic stimulation," "spinal injury," "pain. " Standardized difference in means with 95% confidence interval was calculated for the change of pain scores after rTMS or sham rTMS treatments. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of two randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and 4 crossover RCTs were included in the present meta-analysis. The RCTs recruited a total of 27 patients. The crossover RCTs recruited a total of 100 patients. The combined standardized difference in means indicated that patients who received rTMS intervention had better pain relief than those who received sham rTMS intervention, however, the results did not reach statistical significance (standardized mean difference -0.607, 95% CI: -1.29 to 0.075, P=0.081). CONCLUSIONS rTMS might reduce SCI associated neuropathic pain; however, further studies are required to support our conclusions.
Critical Examination of the Impact Accounting Ethics and Creative Accounting on the Financial Statements

This study aimed to determine the impact accounting ethics and creative accounting on the financial statements in Jordan, the study importance arises from the need to recognize creative accounting and profession ethics for accountants, creative accounting can be used to manage profits, income smoothing. Earnings management occurs when accountants use judgment in financial statements and in structuring transactions to alter financial statements to either mislead some shareholders about the underlying performance of a company, sometimes to impact contractual outcomes that depend on financial reporting. To achieve the objectives of this study a questionnaire designed and distributed to the society of tax auditors and mathematical model built to link between creative accounting and accounting ethics percentage and some financial figures. The statistical analysis showed that ethics and creative accounting had a positive impact on the financial statements.