Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Organizational Differences and Trust on the Effectiveness of Selling Partner Relationships

Selling alliances that are formed to cooperatively develop and maintain customer relationships are among the new organizational forms that marketing managers utilize for competitive advantage. To be successful, these alliances require sales representatives from allied organizations to work effectively as selling partners. The authors develop a trust-based model of effective selling partner relationships and test it in the context of the computer industry. Partial Least Squares analysis of 103 dyadic relationships found that organizational differences were modest predictors of three dimensions of mutual perceived trustworthiness, which in turn differentially affected three trusting behaviors. Trusting behaviors were found to have a somewhat greater effect on perceived task performance than on mutual satisfaction, whereas dimensions of trustworthiness had both direct and indirect effects on satisfaction. The authors discuss the managerial and theoretical implications of these results.
A Portfolio Analysis of Sovereign Wealth Funds

Sovereign wealth funds have been subject to much commentary and little factual analysis. This study attempts to address the lack of hard data by combining both direct and indirect statistics to secure a more reliable understanding of how sovereign wealth funds invest and their impact on international finance and investment. The study comes to three conclusions. First, estimates of sovereign wealth funds inaccurately calculate their size, by inconsistently counting assets across countries, resulting in a misleading understanding of their size. Second, sovereign wealth funds have to date, acted as rational, economically driven investors, diversifying their portfolio by asset class and geographic region. Third, based upon the currently available data, there is little reason to believe that sovereign wealth funds are large relative international investors or have a large impact on international financial markets. Though countries would be wise to follow the development of sovereign wealth funds, the data does not currently support measures to restrict cross border investment.
Effective IT Governance in the Albanian Public Sector – A Critical Success Factors Approach

This research grew out of the work of Nfuka & Rusu (2010), who identified eleven critical success factors (CSFs) that need to be considered for effective information technology (IT) governance in the public sector. It is motivated by the limited literature on CSFs for effective IT governance, especially from the point of view of a developing country. Our objective is to advance our understanding on CSFs for effective IT governance in the Albanian public sector. Adopting a holistic approach, we propose a new construct of analysis for CSFs. This construct blends in two components. The first is IT governance as an ongoing process and encompasses IT Governance Institute (ITGI) defined focus areas (ITGI 2003). The second is related to business‐IT alignment and consists of three dimensions: human, social, and intellectual (Schlosser et al. 2012). Using case study research method, we gather data from five government organizations. Our results supports those of Nfuka & Rusu (2010). From the Albanian public sector perspective, they indicate a greater emphasis on CFSs related to resource management focus area and human dimension. Limitations on IT resources, knowledge and culture (Nfuka & Rusu 2010) and insufficient IT resource management (Yahya 1993) provide the explanation for such results. In addition, IT departments are viewed as service providers. This perception further motivates the emphasis on resource management.
Workforce experience and retention in nursing in Australia

"The labour market for nurses appears to be persistently in a state of shortage, as evidenced by regular reports of ‘the nursing crisis’. This paper draws on data from two surveys to investigate critical aspects of the working lives of Australian nurses: a survey of Registered Nurses in Western Australia and the nationally representative Household, Income and Labour Dynamics Australia survey. While nurses face strong employment opportunity, consistent with an occupational shortage, there is evidence of widespread dissatisfaction with aspects of their jobs. Despite strong dissatisfaction with pay, estimated wage equations suggest that, by and large, nurses’ pay is in line with that of other women when typical human capital variables are controlled for. Dissatisfaction with non-pay aspects of the job appears to have a stronger influence on overall job satisfaction and on intentions to leave the profession. The age profile and future intentions of the current nurse workforce suggests a continuing, if not worsening, shortage of qualified nurses in Australia. "
The nonlinear innovation model of the electronics industry in Taiwan

This study proposed a nonlinear regression model to analyse the key factors that determine innovation success. The study findings indicated that the factors employee talent, innovation expenditures, cooperation with other companies in innovation activities and use of information technology in high-tech concentrated industries all have a significant and direct influence on the success of product innovation. This finding coincides with the conclusion in previous studies. A significant difference, however, is that this study demonstrated that the ratio of acquisition expenditure on disembodied technology (patents, etc.) to total revenue is not a positive factor for the success of product innovation and, furthermore, that firm size does not significantly influence product innovation. These results are in relation to the targets that are in this research: the successful extent of innovation of new and significantly improved products. Conversely, the study target in previous studies was whether or not the manufacturer executes innovation activities. This study concludes that the characteristics of Taiwan's industries are more important.
Asset Pricing and Investor Behavior

This paper introduces Schumpeter’s idea of creative destruction into asset pricing. The key point of our model is that small-value firms are more likely to be destroyed during technological revolutions, while large-growth firms provide a hedge against creative destruction risk. The expected return difference between assets with the highest and lowest exposure to creative destruction risk amounts to 8.6 percent annually. A model including market return and invention growth as priced factors accounts for a large portion of the cross-sectional variation of size and book-to-market sorted portfolios and successfully prices HML and SMB. ∗This chapter is based on the working paper “Creative Destruction and Asset Prices” by Grammig J. and S. Jank (2010).
Evaluation of immunotoxicity induced by single or concurrent exposure to N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), pyridostigmine bromide (PYR), and JP-8 jet fuel

Approximately 5000 to 80000 of the US service personnel involved in the Persian Gulf War have complained of a variety of nonspecific symptoms since their return in 1991. These symptoms have been collectively labeled Gulf War Illness and include muscle fatigue, general malaise, myalgia, impaired cognition, ataxia, headaches, fever, joint pain, skin rash, gastrointestinal disturbances, sleep disturbances, and respiratory difficulties. Exposures of military and service personnel were diverse and included the prescribed anti-nerve gas agent pyridostigmine bromide (PYR), N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent, and environmental exposures to jet fuel. Thus, studies in our laboratory were undertaken to determine if concurrent exposure to these agents, singly or in combination, would contribute to significant alterations in immunological function and disease susceptibility. To assess immune status, eight-week old B6C3F1 female mice were exposed for 14 days to single compounds or tertiary mixtures of 15.5 mg/kg DEET, 2 mg/kg PYR, and 500 mg/kg JP-8 (termed low dose), or 31 mg/kg DEET, 5 mg/kg PYR, and 1000 mg/kg JP-8 (termed high dose). Immunosuppression was assessed 24 h after the last exposure. No remarkable alterations were evident in hematological parameters, spleen and thymus organ weight and total cellularity, natural killer (NK) cell activity, cytotoxic T-cell activity, or mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation after exposure to either single or tertiary mixtures at low or high doses. A few changes in CD4/CD8 flow cytometric lymphocyte subpopulations were detected after exposure to the tertiary mixture at the high dose. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was decreased by 88% after exposure to the high-dose mixture, and suppression of antibody-specific IgM immune responses (plaque-forming cell, PFC) occurred after exposure to all single and tertiary mixtures at both dose levels. In the PFC response, antagonism was apparent in the mixture, while coexposure to these agents resulted in a synergistic effect in the DTH response. Susceptibility to B16F10 tumor or Listeria monocytogenes challenge was not affected after single or tertiary exposures. These data suggest that combined exposure to DEET, PYR, and JP-8 does not profoundly alter many immunological endpoints, but does selectively target functional endpoints such as the PFC and DTH response. This should be considered when assessing human health risks in the military environment.
Curcumin inhibits inflammatory response and bone loss during experimental periodontitis in rats.

OBJECTIVE Curcumin, an active ingredient of turmeric, is proved to be a potential candidate of controlling inflammation and bone resorption, but few reports are on the periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the intra-gastric administration of curcumin could inhibit the inﬂammation and alveolar bone resorption in rats following ligature-induced experimental periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHOD Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: no ligature placement and administration of vehicle, ligature placement and administration of vehicle, ligature placement and administration of curcumin. After the animals were sacrificed, their mandibles were collected for morphological, histological and immunohistochemical analysis; their gingival tissues were collected for cytokine measurements. RESULTS Bone resorption was significantly higher in the experimental periodontitis animals treated with vehicle compared with the curcumin-treated group or the control group. Furthermore, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels were higher in the experimental periodontitis animals treated with vehicle compared with the curcumin treated group or the control group. CONCLUSIONS. Curcumin may decrease alveolar bone loss in the experimental periodontitis rats via suppressing the expression of RANKL/RANK/OPG and its anti-inflammatory properties.
Education technology used for improving learning skills of computer science and engineering students

Due to the advanced technology development, digital technology used in maximum area of day-to-day life of working which are being developed for advancing technology for humanity. Digital technology in terms of computer system has become an important part in education system of teaching and learning process. All other teaching and learning process or methods used in educational system are under the influence of computer technology and become a integral part of day-to-day life. In this research, it is going to discuss method of teaching with the help of education technology and computer technology helps the students in improving learning skills of computer science and engineering students related to programming subjects.
Sham transcranial electrical stimulation and its effects on corticospinal excitability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Sham stimulation is used in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of active stimulation and placebo effects. It should mimic the characteristics of active stimulation to achieve blinding integrity. The present study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature to identify the effects of sham transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) – including anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS, c-tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) and transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) – on corticospinal excitability (CSE), compared to baseline in healthy individuals. Electronic databases – PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Science Direct and MEDLINE (Ovid) – were searched for RCTs of tES from 1990 to March 2017. Thirty RCTs were identified. Using a random-effects model, meta-analysis of a-tDCS, c-tDCS, tACS, tRNS and tPCS studies showed statistically non-significant pre-post effects of sham interventions on CSE. This review found evidence for statically non-significant effects of sham tES on CSE.
From e‐tourism to f‐tourism: emerging issues from negative tourists' online reviews

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to advance their knowledge on the extent to which tourists use social networks for both achieving information on possible destinations and for expressing negative judgements, in order to figure out the main consequences for tourism marketers and possible solutions, as well as to describe and detail the current shifting from e‐tourism to f‐tourism (from tourism based on e‐channel to a new tourism based on Facebook). Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative analysis was conducted in order to make the tourists' perspective emerge. The content analysis of respondents would figure out important data on the phenomenon for outlining possible organization practices for replying to negative tourists' reviews posted online.Findings – Findings show the still limited usage of social networks like Facebook as an informative channel, but a large usage of this medium as a direct complaining channel.Practical implications – This paper addresses some lines for supporting tourism manage.
Intraday Herding on Cross-Listed Stocks ─ Spillover and Abnormal Return

This paper studies investors herd behavior on firms cross-listed in markets with different legislative regimes and levels of sophistication and yet within the same country. In addition to evidence of herding in each of China's Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong markets, our finding suggests cross market information spillover in herding formation. More importantly, abnormal return can be obtained through herding in some industries and firm sizes. This is important for participants in these stock markets who can trade these cross-listed stocks to earn abnormal profit in one market based on herding in another market through the spillover effect.
Restating Under the Radar? Determinants of Restatement Disclosure Choices and the Related Market Reactions

This study investigates determinants of restatement disclosure choices and the related stock price reactions in the post-Sarbanes-Oxley era, a period characterized by high restatement volume and mixed signals from regulators about restatement disclosure requirements. Holding the materiality of restatements constant, we show that firms with greater outside monitoring prior to a restatement announcement are more likely to disclose restatements transparently while firms with more aggressive reporting are less likely to disclose restatements transparently. We also provide evidence that firms’ restatement disclosure choices are influenced by the disclosures of their industry peers and that obscure disclosures attenuate the stock price reaction to restatement announcements. Finally, although we find that the transparency and timeliness of restatement disclosures have improved following a Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rule designed to improve the quality of restatement disclosures, we also find that some firms continue to disclose severe restatements in the most obscure disclosure venue. This evidence is consistent with SEC concerns about firms “restating under the radar. ”
Is Market Share all that It's Cracked up to Be?

The market share-ROI relationship is examined to determine the extent of the causal versus spurious association. By making use of the PIMS data base, it is found that a large proportion of the association is spurious in the sense that both market share and ROI are the joint outcome of some third factor(s). The direct impact of market share on ROI is found to be much smaller than previous studies have indicated. It is suggested that too much emphasis is placed on market share and that more attention needs to be focused on other fundamentals.
Return dynamics and volatility spillovers between FOREX and MENA stock markets: what to remember for portfolio choice?

This article investigates stock-forex markets interdependence in MENA countries for the period spanning from February 26, 1999 to June 30, 2014. The analysis has been performed through three competing models; the VAR-CCC-GARCH model, the VAR-BEKK-GARCH model and the VAR-DCC-GARCH model. Our findings confirm that both markets are interdependent and corroborate with stock and flow oriented approaches. We find also that, comparing to optimal weights, hedge ratios are typically low, which denote that hedging effectiveness is quite good. Estimation of hedging effectiveness allow concluding that the incorporation of foreign exchange in a full stock portfolio increase the risk-adjusted return while reducing its variance. We note here that the forex market is overweighed for both portfolio designs and hedging strategies. More importantly, this evidence holds for all countries as well as for all considered models. These findings open up new insights for managerial and governmental policy purpose.
Pension obligation bonds: Financial crisis exposes risks

*Alicia H. Munnell is the Peter F. Drucker Professor of Man­ agement Sciences in Boston College’s Carroll School of Manage­ ment and Director of the Center for Retirement Research at Bos­ ton College (CRR). Thad Calabrese is an Assistant Professor at Baruch College-CUNY in the School of Public Affairs. Ashby Monk is a research fellow at the University of Oxford and a for­ mer research fellow at the CRR. Jean-Pierre Aubry is a research associate at the CRR. The authors would like to thank Beth Almeida, Keith Brainard, Jeff Esser, Ian Lanoff, Ed Macdonald, and Nathan Scovronick for helpful comments. LEARN MORE
Rapid detection of aneuploidies by microsatellite and the quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction

Several studies have been performed to assess the diagnostic value of using small tandem repeat (STR) markers and quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF‐PCR) assays for the rapid detection of aneuploidies involving chromosomes 21, 18, 13 (Mansfield, 1993; Pertl et al., 1994, 1996; Adinolfi et al., 1995a). The results of these investigations have documented the diagnostic advantages of this approach to perform prenatal tests using amniotic and chorionic samples, or fetal nucleated cells retrieved from peripheral maternal blood or endocervical samples. The use of two or more STR markers for each autosome facilitates the diagnosis of aneuploidies, while avoiding the need to employ internal non‐polymorphic markers. Multiplex quantitative fluorescent analyses can be performed in about six hours from the collection of the samples and, although targeted to specific abnormalities, they can exclude the presence of the most frequent chromosomal disorders.
Managing e-mail Advertising Frequency from the Consumer Perspective

With the growth of e-mail advertising, advertisers must manage their e-mail frequency to preserve opt-in lists in an environment of saturation. This paper presents two empirical studies suggesting that to alleviate consumers' perception of being under heavy e-mail pressure, advertisers should help them discard nonrelevant e-mails with minimum effort. The research reveals that perceived pressure from any one advertiser is an individual phenomenon. Under conditions of low relevance, the effect of this pressure on unsubscriptions is moderated by the execution of e-mail advertising. Consumer perception of pressure from any one advertiser is crucial, as managers can control their own advertising but not overall e-mail advertising volume.
PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS FINANCIAL LITERACY IN INDIA

ABSTRACT Financial education or financial literacy has assumed greater importance in the recent years, as financial markets have become increasingly complex and there is also an information asymmetry leading to making informed choices more and more difficult for the common person. Financial education can broadly be defined as providing the familiarity with and understanding of financial market products, especially, rewards and risks, in order to make informed choices. Viewed from this standpoint, financial education primarily relates to personal financial education to enable individuals to take effective actions to improve overall wellbeing and avoid distress in matters that are financial. Therefore, this article has made an attempt to find out financial literacy perceptions of people in India and their perceptions are analyzed in detail.
Pests and diseases in a changing climate a major challenge for Finnish crop production

A longer growing season and higher accumulated effective temperature sum (ETS) will improve crop production potential in Finland. The production potential of new or at present underutilised crops (e.g. maize (Zea mays L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)) will improve and it will be possible to grow more productive varieties of the currently grown crops (spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oats (Avena sativa L.)). Also cultivation of autumn sown crops could increase if winters become milder and shorter, promoting overwintering success. Climatic conditions may on the other hand become restrictive in many ways. For example, early season droughts could intensify because of higher temperatures and consequent higher evaporation rates. Current low winter temperatures and short growing season help restrict the development and spread of pests and pathogens, but this could change in the future. Longer growing seasons, warmer autumns and milder winters may initiate new problems with higher occurrences of weeds, pests and pathogens, including new types of viruses and virus vectors. Anoxia of overwintering crops caused by ice encasement, and physical damage caused by freezing and melting of water over the fields may also increase. In this study we identify the most likely changes in crop species and varieties in Finland and the pest and pathogen species that are most likely to create production problems as a result of climate change during this century.
The Impacts of Fair Trade Certification: Evidence From Coffee Producers in Costa Rica (Preliminary and Incomplete)

We estimate the effects of Fair Trade (FT) certification on coffee producers in Costa Rica. We begin by examining a panel of all coffee producers between 1999 and 2010. We find that FT certification is associated with higher export prices equal to approximately 5 cents per pound. We find no evidence that certification is associated with more sales (either domestic or for export) or with higher domestic prices. Linking the mill-level information on FT certification to individual-level survey data, we find that FT certification does increase incomes, but only for skilled coffee growers and farm owners. There is no evidence that many workers, including unskilled seasonal coffee pickers, benefit from certification.