Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Value Line And Ibes Analyst Forecasts In Accounting Research

This paper provides descriptive data on standard sources of analyst forecasts used in accounting research: the Value Line Investment Survey, the Institutional Brokers Estimate System (IBES), and, toa lesser extent, the Standard & Poor's Earnings Forecaster and Zacks Investment Research. We examine the relative accuracy of seven forecast error metrics, using various combinations of Value Line and IBES forecasts of quarterly earnings per share (EPS) and actual earnings as reported by Value Line, IBES, and Compustat. (Appendix A reports the relative accuracy of a forecast error metric based on a smaller sample of Standard and Poor's forecasts of annual EPS). We find the forecast error metric that pairs the Value Line forecast EPS with the Value Line actual EPS produces the smallest absolute forecast errors. We also test the association of these forecast error metrics with threeday excess returns centered on the data of a quarterly earnings announcement. The strongest associations are obtained with the use of Value Line actual earnings and either Value Line or IBES forecast data. This suggests that the choice of actual EPS data is more crucial than the source of forecast EPS data. Our overall conclusion is that Value Line
Comparison and critical analysis of robotized technology for monoclonal antibody high‐throughput production

We have previously demonstrated how to transform the conventional method of hybridoma production and screening into a fast, high‐throughput technology. Nevertheless, there were still open questions related to automated procedures and immunization protocols that we address now by comparing the hybridoma production work‐flow in automated and manually executed processes. In addition, since the animals' antibody responses to single or multiple antigen challenge affect monoclonal antibody throughput, different immunization and fusion strategies were tested. Specifically, the results obtained with multiplexing (multiple target antigens injected into a single animal) and single antigen immunization followed by splenocyte pooling immediately before fusion were compared with conventional methods. The results presented here demonstrate that the optimal protocol consists of automated somatic‐cell fusion and hybridoma dilution followed by manual plating of hybridoma cells. Additionally, more specific and productive hybridoma clones were obtained with multiplexed immunization in a single animal with respect to the splenocyte pooling from single antigen immunized animals. However, in terms of overall antibody yield, the conventional method consisting of single immunization for each single animal assured ten times more specific hybridoma cell lines than the strategy based on the multiple antigen immunization followed by separate fusion step. In conclusion, the most productive approach for recovering a large number of suitable antibodies relies on single antigen immunization followed by automated fusion and dilution steps and manual plating. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 2011
Differential Cellular Gene Expression in Ganglioglioma

Summary: Purpose: Gangliogliomas (GGs) are neuronal‐glial tumors highly associated with epilepsy. We hypothesized that the expression of select gene families including neurotransmitter receptor subunits and growth factors would be distinct in neurons and astrocytes within GG compared with adjacent cortex and that these changes would yield insights into seizure onset and lesion formation.
Outcomes of high‐complexity renal tumours with a Preoperative Aspects and Dimensions Used for an Anatomical (PADUA) score of ≥10 after robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy with a median 46.5‐month follow‐up: a tertiary centre experience

To compare perioperative trifecta achievement and long‐term oncological and functional outcomes between patients with renal tumours of low [Preoperative Aspects and Dimensions Used for an Anatomical (PADUA) score 6–7], intermediate (PADUA score 8–9) and high (PADUA score ≥10) complexity undergoing robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN), and to determine predictors for trifecta achievement.
Long Short Memory Process: Modeling Growth Dynamics of Microscopic Social Connectivity

How do people make friends dynamically in social networks? What are the temporal patterns for an individual increasing its social connectivity? What are the basic mechanisms governing the formation of these temporal patterns? No matter cyber or physical social systems, their structure and dynamics are mainly driven by the connectivity dynamics of each individual. However, due to the lack of empirical data, little is known about the empirical dynamic patterns of social connectivity at microscopic level, let alone the regularities or models governing these microscopic dynamics. We examine the detailed growth process of "WeChat", the largest online social network in China, with 300 million users and 4.75 billion links spanning two years. We uncover a wide range of long-term power law growth and short-term bursty growth for the social connectivity of different users. We propose three key ingredients, namely average-effect, multiscale-effect and correlation-effect, which govern the observed growth patterns at microscopic level. As a result, we propose the long short memory process incorporating these ingredients, demonstrating that it successfully reproduces the complex growth patterns observed in the empirical data. By analyzing modeling parameters, we discover statistical regularities underlying the empirical growth dynamics. Our model and discoveries provide a foundation for the microscopic mechanisms of network growth dynamics, potentially leading to implications for prediction, clustering and outlier detection on human dynamics.
Single- versus Two-Incision Technique in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement: Influence on Postoperative Muscle Function

The purpose of this study was to find out whether the single-incision technique for anterior cruciate ligament repair has advantages over the two-incision technique in terms of muscular function up to 1 year postoperatively. Twenty patients who underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts were randomly assigned to one of the two procedures. Both groups (10 patients in each) were followed up at 1 year. Lysholm and International Knee Documentation scores and thigh circumferences were markedly reduced after surgery in both groups but improved up until the last follow-up examination at 12 months postoperatively. Clinical examination, functional scores, stabilometry measurements, and thigh circumferences did not differ between the two groups. Isokinetic evaluation revealed a significant reduction of extensor peak torques in both groups that was most pronounced at 3 months, then improved continuously but was still present 12 months postoperatively. A significant reduction of peak torques, up to 35%, was seen in the flexor muscles of the involved legs compared with the contralateral legs, but this deficit vanished completely after 12 months in both groups. At 3 and 6 months, for the flexor as well as the extensor muscles, the deficits in peak torque on the injured sides were found to have improved faster in the single-incision group. These results indicate improved dynamic muscle function with use of the single-incision technique because the dissection of the vastus lateralis muscle that occurs in the two-incision technique is avoided.
The spectrum of behavioral changes in Alzheimer's disease

Article abstract-We investigated the range of behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with normal age-matched control subjects. The range of behavioral disturbances manifested and the relationship between specific abnormalities with the level of cognitive impairment have not been established. Fifty consecutive outpatients with mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 20), and severe (n = 13) AD and 40 age-matched normal controls were evaluated for behavioral abnormalities occurring in the month preceding the interview. The caregivers of the patients and the spouses of the control subjects were interviewed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). The frequency and severity of the following 10 behaviors were assessed: delusions, hallucinations, agitation, dysphoria, anxiety, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability, and aberrant motor behavior. Correlations among these 10 behaviors and their relationship with cognitive impairment were also investigated. Eighty-eight percent of AD patients had measurable behavioral changes. All 10 behaviors were significantly increased in the AD patients compared with normal subjects. The most common behavior was apathy, which was exhibited by 72% of patients, followed by agitation (60%), anxiety (48%), irritability (42%), dysphoria and aberrant motor behavior (both 38%), disinhibition (36%), delusions (22%), and hallucinations (10%). Agitation, dysphoria, apathy, and aberrant motor behavior were significantly correlated with cognitive impairment. NEUROLOGY 1996;46: 130-135
The impact of Epstein-Barr virus status on clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

To define prognostic impact of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we investigated EBV status in patients with DLBCL. In all, 380 slides from paraffin-embedded tissue were available for analysis by EBV-encoded RNA-1 (EBER) in situ hybridization, and 34 cases (9.0%) were identified as EBER-positive. EBER positivity was significantly associated with age greater than 60 years (P = .005), more advanced stage (P < .001), more than one extranodal involvement (P = .009), higher International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk group (P = .015), presence of B symptom (P = .004), and poorer outcome to initial treatment (P = .006). The EBER(+) patients with DLBCL demonstrated substantially poorer overall survival (EBER(+) vs EBER(-) 35.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 0-114.1 months] vs not reached, P = . 026) and progression-free survival (EBER(+) vs EBER(-) 12.8 months [95% CI, 0-31.8 months] vs 35.8 months [95% CI, 0-114.1 months], respectively (P = .018). In nongerminal center B-cell-like subtype, EBER in situ hybridization positivity retained its statistical significance at the multivariate level (P = .045). Nongerminal center B-cell-like patients with DLBCL with EBER positivity showed substantially poorer overall survival with 2.9-fold (95% CI, 1.1-8.1) risk for death. Taken together, DLBCL patients with EBER in situ hybridization+ pursued more rapidly deteriorating clinical course with poorer treatment response, survival, and progression-free survival.
Band Gap Fluorescence from Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Fluorescence has been observed directly across the band gap of semiconducting carbon nanotubes. We obtained individual nanotubes, each encased in a cylindrical micelle, by ultrasonically agitating an aqueous dispersion of raw single-walled carbon nanotubes in sodium dodecyl sulfate and then centrifuging to remove tube bundles, ropes, and residual catalyst. Aggregation of nanotubes into bundles otherwise quenches the fluorescence through interactions with metallic tubes and substantially broadens the absorption spectra. At pH less than 5, the absorption and emission spectra of individual nanotubes show evidence of band gap–selective protonation of the side walls of the tube. This protonation is readily reversed by treatment with base or ultraviolet light.
LAY PROVIDERS CAN DELIVER EFFECTIVE COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL

The Institute of Medicine recommends developing a broader workforce of mental health providers, including nontraditional providers, to expand services for older adults. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is effective for late‐life generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), but no study has examined outcomes with delivery by lay providers working under the supervision of licensed providers. The current study examined the effects of CBT delivered by lay, bachelor‐level providers (BLP) relative to Ph.D.‐level expert providers (PLP), and usual care (UC) in older adults with GAD.
Comparative Characterization of Biomechanical Behavior and Healing Profile of a Novel Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Amorphous Poly-L-Lactic Acid Sirolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold

Background—Clinically available bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) rely on polymer crystallinity to achieve mechanical strength resulting in limited overexpansion capabilities and structural integrity when exposed to high-loading conditions. We aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior and vascular healing profile of a novel, sirolimus-eluting, high-molecular-weight, amorphous poly-L-lactic acid–based BRS (Amaranth BRS). Methods and Results—In vitro biomechanical testing was performed under static and cyclic conditions. A total of 99 devices (65 Amaranth BRS versus 34 Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold [BVS]) were implanted in 99 coronary arteries of 37 swine for pharmacokinetics and healing evaluation at various time points. In the Absorb BVS, the number of fractures per scaffold seen on light microscopy was 6.0 (5.0–10.5) when overexpanded 1.0 mm above nominal values (≈34%). No fractures were observed in the Amaranth BRS group at 1.3 mm above nominal values (≈48% overexpansion). The number of fractures was higher in the Absorb BVS on accelerated cycle testing over time (at 24K cycles=5.0 [5.0–9.0] Absorb BVS versus 0.0 [0.0–0.5] Amaranth BRS). Approximately 90% of sirolimus was found to be eluted by 90 days. Optical coherence tomography analysis demonstrated lower percentages of late scaffold recoil in the Amaranth BRS at 3 months (Amaranth BRS=−10±16.1% versus Absorb BVS=10.7±13.2%; P=0.004). Histopathology analysis revealed comparable levels of vascular healing and inflammatory responses between both BRSs up to 6 months. Conclusions—New-generation high-molecular-weight amorphous poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds have the potential to improve the clinical performance of BRS and provide the ideal platform for the future miniaturization of the technology.
The Physics of Geomagnetic-Field Transduction in Animals

Birds, fish, sea turtles, and various other animals have been reported to sense the geomagnetic field and to use it for orientation, navigation, and homing. In recent years, exciting progress has been made towards elucidating the physical and structural basis of this remarkable phenomenon. This paper focuses on the two hypotheses that drive current research into magnetoreception. One proposal relies on the presence of molecules that undergo magnetically anisotropic chemical reactions due to transient formation of a radical pair. The proposed mechanism-essentially a chemical compass-is theoretically well-established and specifically designed behavioral experiments may indeed be interpreted that way, which has sparked a hunt for the molecules and structures in question. The ferrimagnetic transduction hypothesis, on the other hand, draws its plausibility from both theoretical considerations and the fact that magnetite has been detected in sensory neurons, with stable single-domain particles in fish and micrometer-scale clusters of superparamagnetic nanocrystals in birds. We discuss the limitations of our current knowledge and suggest future studies.
Qualitative platelet defects in chronic myeloproliferative disorders: Evidence for reduced ATP secretion

19 consecutive untreated patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders and thrombocytosis were subjected to comprehensive platelet function tests including platelet aggregometry. 12 patients had essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and 7 patients had polycythaemia vera (PV). Bleeding time was normal. Arachiconic acid, collagen and ristocetin aggregation were abnormal only in a minority of patients, whereas ADP aggregation was impaired in 16 out of 19 patients. The most conspicuous findings were abolished second‐wave adrenalin aggregation, increased ADP aggregation threshold, and markedly reduced ATP secretion during collagen‐induced aggregation. This triad of qualitative platelet defects seems to be a good diagnostic marker of chronic myeloproliferative disease with thrombocytosis.
Association between perceived environmental attributes and physical activity among adults in Recife, Brazil.

BACKGROUND To evaluate the association between perceived environmental factors and leisure-time and transport-related physical activity. METHODS A random-digit-dialing telephone cross-sectional survey in Recife, Brazil, was conducted among individuals aged 16 years or older (n = 2046). Leisure-time and transport-related physical activity were measured using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Three outcome variables were used: leisure-time physical activity (min/wk), transport-related physical activity (min/wk), and walking for leisure (min/wk). A cutoff of 150 min/wk was used for all outcome variables. The environmental module of the questionnaire was based on the short version of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (A-NEWS), and included 12 environmental items. RESULTS The proportions of subjects reaching the 150-minutes per week threshold were 30.6% for leisure-time physical activity, 26.6% for transport-related physical activity and 18.2% for walking for leisure. Lack of sidewalks and low access to recreational facilities were associated with a lower likelihood of performing 150 minutes per week or more of leisure-time physical activity. Lack of sidewalks was associated with low levels of walking for leisure. Neighborhood aesthetics was inversely associated with transport-related physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Lack of sidewalks and low access to recreational facilities were predictors of low levels of leisure-time physical activity, suggesting that policy strategies aimed at improving these environmental features may be warranted.
Update on the therapeutic potential of PDE4 inhibitors

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes are responsible for the inactiviation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a cAMP specific phosphodiesterase expressed in inflammatory cells such as eosinophils. Inhibition of PDE4 results in an elevation of cAMP in these cells, which in turn downregulates the inflammatory response. The anti-inflammatory effects of PDE4 inhibitors have been well documented both in vitro and in vivo in a range of animal models. The potential use of PDE4 inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), has received considerable attention from the pharmaceutical industry but to date, there are no selective PDE4 inhibitors on the market. Early PDE4 inhibitors, such as rolipram suffered from dose limiting side effects, including nausea and emesis, which severely restricted their therapeutic utility. Second generation compounds such as cilomilast have been identified with reduced side effect liability. Indeed, cilomilast is showing good therapeutic effects in clinical trials for asthma and COPD and represents the most advanced selective PDE4 inhibitor for any indication. The utility of this class of inhibitor in other inflammatory diseases is less well advanced. However, data in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and MS suggests that there is also significant potential for PDE4 inhibitors as treatments for these diseases and the results of clinical trials in these disease areas are eagerly awaited.
Intention to quit among Indian tobacco users: findings from International Tobacco Control Policy evaluation India pilot survey.

INTRODUCTION Tobacco users face barriers not just in quitting, but also in thinking about quitting. The aim of this study was to understand factors encouraging intention to quit from the 2006 International Tobacco Control Policy (TCP) Evaluation India Pilot Study Survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 764 adult respondents from urban and rural areas of Maharashtra and Bihar were surveyed through face-to-face individual interviews, with a house-to-house approach. Dependent variable was "intention to quit tobacco. " Independent variables were demographic variables, peer influence, damage perception, receiving advice to quit, and referral to cessation services by healthcare professionals and exposure to anti-tobacco messages. Logistic regression model was used with odds ratio adjusted for location, age, gender, and marital status for statistical analysis. RESULTS Of 493 tobacco users, 32.5% intended to quit. More numbers of users who were unaware about their friends' tobacco use intended to quit compared to those who were aware (adjusted OR = 8.06, 95% CI = 4.58-14.19). Higher numbers of users who felt tobacco has damaged their health intended to quit compared to those who did not feel that way (adjusted OR = 5.62, 95% CI = 3.53-8.96). More numbers of users exposed to anti-tobacco messages in newspapers/magazines (adjusted OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.02-3.03), restaurants (adjusted OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.37-4.46), radio (adjusted OR=4.84, 95% CI = 3.01-7.78), cinema halls (adjusted OR = 9.22, 95% CI = 5.31-15.75), and public transportation (adjusted OR = 10.58, 95% = 5.90-18.98) intended to quit compared to unexposed users. CONCLUSION Anti-tobacco messages have positive influence on user's intentions to quit.
The legislative and litigation history of special education.

Between the mid 1960s and 1975, state legislatures, the federal courts, and the U.S. Congress spelled out strong educational rights for children with disabilities. Forty-five state legislatures passed laws mandating, encouraging, and/or funding special education programs. Federal courts, interpreting the equal protection and due process guarantees of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ruled that schools could not discriminate on the basis of disability and that parents had due process rights related to their children's schooling. Congress, in legislation now retitled the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), laid out detailed procedural protections regarding eligibility for special educational services, parental rights, individualized education programs (IEPs), the requirement that children be served in the least restrictive environment, and the need to provide related (noneducational) services. Decisions on instructional matters such as curricula and the elements of the IEP remain the province of local and state authorities. Advocates for students with disabilities have continually sought separate (categorical) funding for special education services. Current movements toward block grants rather than categorical programs and toward greater inclusion of special education students in general education classrooms raise concerns in some quarters about whether students with disabilities will continue to have full access to the special services they need. While the cost of special services may be an unexpressed criterion in many decisions made by school districts, nowhere does the IDEA explicitly allow cost to be considered. Where a service is necessary for an individual child, cost considerations would not allow a school district to escape its obligations to the child. However, in instances where more than one appropriate configuration of services is available to meet a child's needs, the school district may be allowed to consider the cost of different alternatives.