Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beam dynamics aspects of crab cavities in the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Modern colliders bring into collision a large number of bunches to achieve a high luminosity. The long-range beam-beam effects arising from parasitic encounters at such colliders are mitigated by introducing a crossing angle. Under these conditions, crab cavities (CC) can be used to restore effective head-on collisions and thereby to increase the geometric luminosity. Such crab cavities have been proposed for both linear and circular colliders. The crab cavities are rf cavities operated in a transverse dipole mode, which imparts on the beam particles a transverse kick that varies with the longitudinal position along the bunch. The use of crab cavities in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) may not only raise the luminosity, but it could also complicate the beam dynamics, e.g., crab cavities might not only cancel synchrobetatron resonances excited by the crossing angle but they could also excite new ones, they could reduce the dynamic aperture for off-momentum particles, they could influence the aperture and orbit, also degrade the collimation cleaning efficiency, and so on. In this paper, we explore the principal feasibility of LHC crab cavities from a beam dynamics point of view. The implications of the crab cavities for the LHC optics, analytical and numerical luminositymore » studies, dynamic aperture, aperture and beta beating, emittance growth, beam-beam tune shift, long-range collisions, and synchrobetatron resonances, crab dispersion, and collimation efficiency will be discussed. « less
Millennial cycles of mean sea level excited by eart s orbital variations

The millennial climate cycles are an important factor of global environmental changes. These cycles change the polar ice thickness during ice ages, what results in the Mean Sea Level (MSL) changes. The main cause of ice age periods are the so called Milankovich orbital cycles, generated by variations of climatic precession, eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and Earth's axial tilt with respect to its orbital plane with main periods of about 23 ka, 40 ka and 100 ka, respectively. The common millennial cycles of MSL and Earth’s orbit variations are studied by means of reconstructed MSL time series for the last 800 ka and insolation data of the latest orbital solution of Laskar et al. (2011). The models of the common millennial cycles of MSL and insolation variations are based on partial Fourier approximations with different period bands around 23 ka, 18ka, 11.5 ka, 7.5 ka, 6 ka and 2.3 ka, respectively. These models may help to analyze the Earth’s rotation cycles caused by millennial solar activity cycles, such as Hallstatt cycles, and to point out new possible millennial cycles of the solar activity. ARTICLE INFO
Under Increased Hydrogen Peroxide Conditions, the Antioxidant Effects of Pequi Oil (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) to Decrease DNA Damage in Runners are Influenced by Sex, Age and Oxidative Stress-related Genetic Polymorphisms

ABSTRACT Context: Exhausting exercise, increasing reactive oxygen species, can overwhelm the endogenous antioxidant system's capacity, resulting in oxidative damage to DNA. Deficient antioxidant defenses, influenced by certain genetic polymorphisms, may contribute. Aims: We aimed to investigate whether carotenoid-rich oil from pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) could decrease DNA damage in athletes submitted to increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) conditions and in those less genetically favored by antioxidant defenses. Methods and Material: Runners' blood (N = 125) was analyzed after races under the same environment, type, intensity and length of weekly training conditions, before and after 14 days of pequi-oil supplementation. DNA damage was assessed by comet assay before and after H2O2 exposure, with gene polymorphisms of MnSOD Val9Ala, CAT -21A/T, GPx-1 Pro198Leu, del{GSTM1}, del{GSTT1}, ACE and Haptoglobin. Results: Without additional oxidative stress imposed by H2O2, pequi oil was particularly efficient reducing DNA damage for women, age group of 20–40 years, distance of 8–10 Km and genotypes MnSOD Val/Ala, CAT TT, GPx-1 Pro/Leu, GSTM1 null, GSTT1 non-null, ACE DD and II and Hp1F-2. For treatment with H2O2 at 0.25 mM, pequi oil resulted in decreased DNA damage only for running 16–21 Km; for treatment with 1 mM, decrease was for 20–40 years and genotypes GPx-1 Pro/Pro and ACE ID. Conclusions: Pequi oil's effect on exercise-induced DNA damage was therefore influenced by sex, age and genetic polymorphisms, indicating that: long-distance races can be harmful, mainly for older athletes, due to oxidative stress above organism adaptability; genotypes showed different responses; under increased H2O2 conditions, GPx-1 Pro/Pro and ACE ID genotypes were more responsive to antioxidant supplementation.
FINANCIAL EXCLUSION AND LIVELIHOOD ASSETS ACQUISITION AMONG MUSLIM HOUSEHOLDS IN ILORIN, NIGERIA: A STRUCTURAL INVARIANCE ANALYSIS

This study examined the relationship that exists between the latent variables of financial exclusion (credit, savings, and remittances) and sustainable livelihood assets (social capital, natural capital, physical capital, and human capital) among some poor Muslim households in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Data elicited via survey questionnaire administered on poor Muslim households was analysed based on both factor analysis and structural equation modelling using SPSS 19.0 and Amos 19.0 software. The results indicated that the lack of financial inclusion significantly and statistically impedes the acquisition of the livelihood assets. The invariance analysis also revealed that both gender and educational attainment do not moderate the hypothesised structural model. The relatively small sample size and coverage of study area are major limitations to generalizing the findings. Nonetheless, the findings imply that financial inclusion strategies in Nigeria and perhaps in other Muslim majority areas should be located within a broader sustainable livelihood framework. This paper contributes to the literature on implication of financial exclusion from an integrated welfare analysis perspective given that access to, and uses of finance are viewed as independent rather than conjoined.
Exact Solutions for Unsteady Free Convection Flow of Casson Fluid over an Oscillating Vertical Plate with Constant Wall Temperature

The unsteady free flow of a Casson fluid past an oscillating vertical plate with constant wall temperature has been studied. The Casson fluid model is used to distinguish the non-Newtonian fluid behaviour. The governing partial differential equations corresponding to the momentum and energy equations are transformed into linear ordinary differential equations by using nondimensional variables. Laplace transform method is used to find the exact solutions of these equations. Expressions for shear stress in terms of skin friction and the rate of heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number are also obtained. Numerical results of velocity and temperature profiles with various values of embedded flow parameters are shown graphically and their effects are discussed in detail.
The Effect of Similarity Between a Product’s Shape Properties and the Benefit Offered on Judgments and Preferences

Studies show a product's shape affects consumer judgments. Yet, the basic principle that governs shape effects is unclear. In this study, we fill this gap by demonstrating that causal-reasoning considerations govern shape effects. Specifically, people expect cause (e.g., an energy drink) and its effect (e.g., fat burning) to exhibit some degree of resemblance or congruency (“like causes like”). This expectation leads them to use the “law of similarity” heuristic when judging artifacts. In two studies, we focused on a product's shape. For half of the products, the shape was an intrinsic property of the product (i.e., had the causal power to produce the effect), and for the other half, the shape was an extrinsic property of the product. For both kinds of properties (extrinsic and intrinsic), we demonstrate that the same ad (e.g., an energy drink that "claims" to produce fat burning) is more persuasive (willingness to purchase the product, and choice between products) when the product's shape is congruent rather than incongruent (e.g., a “tall” can vs. a “short” can) with the effect promised.We strengthen the notion that leaning on a cause-effect-similarity heuristic is very basic, by showing that choice situations accelerate the effect of congruency more for products for which the focal property is extrinsic than for products for which it is intrinsic.In line with other studies that show causal reasoning considerations govern judgment and choice on artifacts (products), the present study demonstrates causal-reasoning considerations govern judgment and choice concerning the cause-effect-similarity heuristic as well.
The effect of biocontrol agents consortia against Rhizoctonia root rot of common bean Phaseolus vulgaris

In recent years, biological control has become a promising and ecologically friendly alternative to chemical control in the management of soilborne plant diseases and several biological control agents have been introduced as potential bio-fungicides. The aim of this study was to investigate different biological control agent consortia against Rhizoctonia solani root rot disease of common bean. Bacillus pumilus INR7, Trichoderma harzianum and Rhizophagus intraradices were used individually or in combination. There were two application methods: simultaneous application of biocontrol agents with the plant pathogen, and pre-inoculation of biocontrol agents one month before the pathogen. Treatments containing B.pumilus INR7 were the best treatments for suppression of the disease in the simultaneous application method, where B. pumilus INR7 + T. harzianum reduced the disease up to 54%. However, in preinoculation method T. harzianum alone was the only treatment that reduced disease severity up to 49% compared to the infected control; other treatments did not haveany significant effect on disease severity. In current study, combination of T. harzianum and R. intraradices was unable to decrease disease severity and improve plant growth. This phenomenon was common in both simultaneous and pre-inoculation experiments. However, results showed that B. pumilus INR7 and R. intraradices were compatible with each other. Their combination not only decreased the disease, but also improved the dry weight of common bean in both application methods. Our results revealed that B. pumilus INR7 had positive interaction with T. harzianum. This combination increased their ability to suppress root rot disease and improve plant health, significantly. Overall, combinations of biocontrol agents have good potential to be applied in modern agriculture, but such combinations need to be checkedin advance for their compatibility in greenhouse and field experiments.
Effectiveness of Subgingivally delivered 0.4% Moxifloxacin Gel and 0.1% Oflaxacin Gel in the treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

Background: Local delivery of antimicrobials in sustained or controlled delivery systems are used to enhance the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Aim: Aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of subgingivally delivered antimicrobial bio-absorbable controlled release 0.4% Moxifloxacin gel and 0.1% Ofloxacin gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods and material: A total of 62 patients suffering from chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into group A and group B. The group A were treated with Scaling & Root Planing (SRP) in combination with subgingival application of 0.4% Moxifloxacin gel. The group B received SRP and subgingival application of 0.1% Ofloxacin gel. Probing Depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 3, 6 and 9 months. Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was done using oone way Analysis of Variance (Anova) to test the difference between groups. Results: The PD scores in experimental group A were 5.22, 3.71 and 3.71 mm and for the experimental group B were 5.30, 3.96 and 3.96 mm at baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 9 months respectively. Conclusion: Overall, both the therapies led to significant improvements of the investigated parameters. Thus in periodontal pockets with PD of ≥ 5 mm, a single subgingival administration of a 0.4% Moxifloxacin gel and 0.1% of Ofloxacin gel as an adjunct to SRP may result in additional PD reduction compared to SRP alone.
Effect of marsupialization on the healing of fistulotomy wounds of simple anal fistula: a randomized control trial

Background: An anal fistula is traditionally treated by fistulotomy, adding marsupialization of fistulotomy wounds is optional. The aim of the current study was to compare the outcomes of fistulotomy with marsupialization and fistulotomy alone for simple anal fistula on healing rates and post-operative complications Methods: 50 patients with simple anal fistula randomly allocated to two groups fistulotomy alone group (F)and fistulotomy with marsupialization group(FM). The primary outcome was the healing time secondary outcomes included postoperative pain, operating time, incontinence and recurrence. Results: Mean age of group (F) patients was 37.55 ± 1.96 years with a male: female ratio of 19:6 while the mean age of group (FM) patients was 36.30 ± 3.03 years with a male: female ratio of 21:4. Mean operative time in the group (F) was 23.5±3.3 minutes while in the group (FM) It was 29.00± 4.595 minutes difference is statistically significant. Mean time for complete healing in group (F) was 6.9 ±0.73 weeks while in group (FM) was 4.80 ±0.96 weeks difference is significant statistically. Mean postoperative pain score by visual analogue scale in the group (F) was 3.4 ± 1.2 while in the group (FM) it was 3.3 ± 1.3 this difference is statistically non-significant. No recurrences or incontinence. Conclusions: Study demonstrated faster-wound healing when adding marsupialization to fistulotomy compared to fistulotomy alone. There is an increase operative time with marsupialization. This effect is minimal when compared with the benefits of enhanced healing. Limitations are mainly the inadequate sample size and inadequate follow-up period.
Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Pakistani Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: Accepted: Online: Jan 09, 2014 Feb 21, 2014 Feb 24, 2014 Leukemia, blood cancer is the third most fatal disease in developing countries. Hematological variations are seen in all types of patients including leukemia. To see the effect of disease on hematological and biochemical parameters, fifty CLL leukemic patients were recruited including 25 female and 25 male subjects. Mean age for CLL patients was 41.5±20.86. Some Hematological parameters studied were: hemoglobin 7.4±1.6 g/dL, RBCs 2.84±0.32 Millions/mm, ESR 96.5±26.8 mm/1 hour, Platelets 46.0±70.2 χ10/μL and WBCs 56.1±26.8 χ10/μL. Values of creatinin, total bilirubin, urea and ALT were elevated while level of alkaline phosphatase was decreased significantly as compared to normal local population. WBCs count and ESR value were increased while platelets, RBCs and Hb found to be lower in CLL patients as compared to healthy population (P≤0.05). Study of alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters in chronic lymphoblastic leukemia patients are important to develop many life saving strategies.
West African soft cheese ‘wara’ processed with Calotropis procera and Carica papaya : A comparative assessment of nutritional values

The nutritional contents of Carica papaya and Calotropis procera processed cheeses were evaluated. The following nutrients and elements were assayed; fat, protein, moisture, sugar, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu and their values were 22.3 and 31.45%, 31.60 and 33.84%, 62.5 and 61.70%, 2.05 and 8.10%, 1.19 and 4.14%, 2.80 and 2.35%, 4.8 and 4.7%, 4.6 and 7.3% for C. papaya and C. procera processed cheeses, respectively. The values obtained for fat, protein, sugar, Zn, and Cu were higher in C. procera processed cheese while Fe and Mn were higher in C. papaya processed cheese. This work therefore showed that even though C. procera have higher nutrient compositions, C. papaya processed cheese could be a good supplement for Fe and Mn in food deficient of the minerals.
Statistical study of auroral omega bands

Abstract. The presence of very few statistical studies on auroral omega bands motivated us to test-use a semi-automatic method for identifying large-scale undulations of the diffuse aurora boundary and to investigate their occurrence. Five identical all-sky cameras with overlapping fields of view provided data for 438 auroral omega-like structures over Fennoscandian Lapland from 1996 to 2007. The results from this set of omega band events agree remarkably well with previous observations of omega band occurrence in magnetic local time (MLT), lifetime, location between the region 1 and 2 field-aligned currents, as well as current density estimates. The average peak emission height of omega forms corresponds to the estimated precipitation energies of a few keV, which experienced no significant change during the events. Analysis of both local and global magnetic indices demonstrates that omega bands are observed during substorm expansion and recovery phases that are more intense than average substorm expansion and recovery phases in the same region. The omega occurrence with respect to the substorm expansion and recovery phases is in a very good agreement with an earlier observed distribution of fast earthward flows in the plasma sheet during expansion and recovery phases. These findings support the theory that omegas are produced by fast earthward flows and auroral streamers, despite the rarity of good conjugate observations.
Color discrimination on orientation of female Eurema hecabe (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

The influence of color discrimination on female host location was investigated in Eurema hecabe (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Mated females with no oviposition experience were presented with artificial plant models treated with the methanol extract of the host plant, Lespedeza cuneata (Fabaceae). When gray models of different intensity were presented to females, they landed and deposited eggs more frequently on the light gray model. However, when a yellow green model was presented to females with the gray, they landed and deposited eggs predominantly on the yellow green model. In the latter experiment, most females did not visit the gray models frequently, although one of the gray models had a similar intensity to that of the yellow green model. This result supports that E. hecabe distinguish the yellow green model by color.
Specific composition of flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp ), the dynamics of their number on the summer rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera subvar. annua) Mascot

The specific composition of the flea beetle Phyllotreta spp (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), time of its appearance and dynamics of its number on the summer rape cultivar Mascot were determined. During the observation period, 6 species of flea beetles were found: Phyllotreta undulata Kutsch. , Ph. nemorum L. , Ph. vittata (Ph. striolata), Ph. nigripes F. Ph. atra and Ph. vittula. First flea beetles appeared at the time of the sprouting of rape plants. In the course of the entire observation period, the most numerous of these was the small striped flea beetle Ph. undulata. Proportion of the other species not often exceeded 10%. Very warm and dry weather following the sprouting of plants caused a rapid increase in the number of the pests and the maximum number was reached in a short time. A somewhat larger number of beetles was found on the edge plots. The field was sprayed three times, using Fastac (alphacypermethrin). Although after the first spraying the number of pests had decreased to almost zero, one week later the number of beetles began to rise again. Ten days after the spraying, the number of pests in the control and the sprayed variant had become equal, 2.0 and 2.2 individuals per plant. The second spraying lowered the number of pests again down to zero. At that time the plants were reaching the stage of 3−4 true leaves, the time when the growth rate is the fastest. The third spraying was primarily directed against pests damaging generative organs: pollen beetles and weevils, and at that time plants began to form secondary racemes, and primary racemes lengthened. For controlling of flea beetles spraying was no more necessary.
Correlation between non-Fermi-liquid behavior and superconductivity in (Ca, La)(Fe,Co)As-2 iron arsenides: A high-pressure study

Non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) phenomena associated with correlation effects have been widely observed in the phase diagrams of unconventional superconducting families. Exploration of the correlation between the normal state NFL, regardless of its microscopic origins, and the superconductivity has been argued as a key to unveiling the mystery of the high-Tc pairing mechanism. Here we systematically investigate the pressure-dependent in-plane resistivity and Hall coefficient (RH ) of a high-quality 112-type Fe-based superconductor Ca1-xLaxFe1-yCoyAs2 (x = 0.2,y = 0.02). With increasing pressure, the normal-state resistivity of the studied sample exhibits a pronounced crossover from non-Fermi-liquid to Fermi-liquid behaviors. Accompanied with this crossover, Tc is gradually suppressed. In parallel, the extremum in the Hall coefficient RH (T ) curve, possibly due to anisotropic scattering induced by spin fluctuations, is also gradually suppressed. The symbiosis of NFL and superconductivity implies that these two phenomena are intimately related. Further study on the pressure-dependent upper critical field reveals that the two-band effects are also gradually weakened with increasing pressure and reduced to the one-band Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg limit in the low-Tc regime. Overall, our paper supports the picture that NFL, multigap, and extreme RH (T ) are all of the same magnetic origin, i.e., the spin fluctuations in the 112 iron arsenide superconductors.
Dust dispersion from haul roads in complex terrain: the case of a mineral reclamation site located in Sardinia (Italy)

In recent years, there has been significant research effort to investigate the use of plume dispersion models to assess the environmental impact of fugitive dust emissions from surface mining operations. In particular, the results of these studies have identified challenges to the use of traditional Gaussian plume dispersion models to satisfactorily reproduce fugitive dust dispersion and deposition experienced from low elevation release heights within complex topography. This paper presents a discussion of the results of a preliminary series of modelling studies that have employed the UK-Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling System (ADMS) model to investigate the dust dispersion and deposition from a former mining site currently undergoing remediation. The remediation site is located within a valley in south-western Sardinia that may be considered an aerodynamically complex terrain. A series of field measurement surveys were conducted along the length of an unpaved surface haul truck roadway to measure the PM2.5 and PM10 dust fractions within the emitted plumes. To investigate the potential effects that the surrounding topography may have on the atmospheric dispersion and deposition experienced a series of UK-ADMS dispersion models were solved for a range of meteorological stability conditions typical of the area under investigation. A preliminary analysis of the results of these simulations concludes that there was a strong influence of the surrounding terrain on the dispersion and deposition phenomena predicted.