Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Factors Lead Companies to Adopt Social Media in their processes: Proposal and Test of a Measurement Model

The objective of this study was to understand which factors lead companies to use social media to achieve results. For that, a theoretical model was proposed and tested. Data was collected using a survey of 237 companies. In the analysis we analysis used the structural equation modeling technique. The results show that the social media relative advantage and its observability were important factors to social media organizational adoption. We also found that big companies with more formalized organizational structure (OS) tend to adopt social media more than small ones with no formal OS. The companies studied showed strong organizational disposition for innovation adoption.
Nutritional evaluation of palm kernel meal types: 1. Proximate composition and metabolizable energy values

Studies were conducted to determine the proximate composition and metabolizable energy values of palm kernel meal (PKM) types. The PKM types studied were obtained from Okomu, Presco and Envoy Oil Mills and were either mechanically or solvent extracted using different varieties of palm kernels. Samples of PKM types were assayed for proximate composition and the results obtained indicated that Okomu, Presco and Envoy PKM resulted in crude protein values of 14.50, 16.60 and 19.24%, respectively. Crude fibre values were in the order of 10.00, 12.29 and 17.96%, respectively for Okomu, Presco and Envoy PKM types. Envoy PKM resulted in the lowest fat content (1.30%) while Okomu and Presco PKM gave fat values of 9.48 and 7.59%, respectively. The values of ash ranged from 3.40 to 4.34% and nitrogen free extract, 50.05 to 53.42%. Apparent metabolizable crude energy values were 2654, 2423 and 1817 for Okomu, Presco and Envoy PKM, respectively. It can be concluded that Okomu and Presco PKM which were mechanically extracted had close nutrient values and were particularly higher in fat but lower in protein as compared to Envoy PKM.
Mindset and stress : abstract and concrete thinking’s effect on coping with situational stress

Previous research indicates that the level of abstraction with which a person thinks about themselves influences subjective well-being; however, there is no research examining the impact abstraction has on altering the consequences of threats to self, specifically stress. The present study examined the possible buffering effects of abstract or concrete mindsets on individual approaches to a stressful task. We collected data from 37 college-aged participants who completed an initial personality survey. In lab, the participants completed baseline state self-esteem, stress, and affect measures, gave a fiveminute speech in order to induce stress, and then completed a final survey that evaluated the changes in the state measures after the stressful task. Results indicated no significant differences between the two conditions for levels of stress, self-esteem, or affect. Although we did not observe an effect of level of abstraction on stress, it is still possible that such effects exist. Future studies should examine the implications approaching situations with an abstract or concrete mindset may have on psychological well-being in a longitudinal study, as well as the effect mindsets on self-enhancing positive psychology interventions.
Late surge glacial conditions on Bakaninbreen, Svalbard, and implications for surge termination

[1] Bakaninbreen is a polythermal glacier in southern Spitsbergen, Svalbard, that last surged between 1985 and 1995. Seismic reflection data were acquired during early quiescence in spring 1998, just upstream of the surge front. The results were combined with complementary ground-penetrating radar data to investigate the glacial structure and basal conditions. We find no difference between the ice thickness values determined from the seismic and radar methods, suggesting that any layer of basal ice cannot be greater than ∼5 m thick. Interpretation of the amplitude of the seismic reflections indicates the presence of permafrost close to the glacier base. A thin layer of thawed deforming sediment separates the glacier from this underlying permafrost. In an area just upstream of the surge front the permafrost becomes discontinuous and may even be absent, the ice being underlain by 10–15 m of thawed sediments overlying deeper bedrock. High-pressure water is believed to have been required to maintain the propagation of the surge, and this area of thawed sediment is interpreted as a route for that water to escape from the basal system. When the surge front passed over this thawed bed, the escaping water reduced the pressure in the subglacial hydraulic system, initiating the termination of the surge. Surge termination was therefore primarily controlled by the presurge permafrost distribution beneath the glacier, rather than any feature of the surge itself. This termination mechanism is probably limited to surges in polythermal glaciers, but the techniques used may have wider glaciological applications.
No effect of birth month or season on height in a large international sample of adults

Abstract Although several studies in recent years have provided evidence of a relationship between month of birth and height during childhood, the association remains less clear for adult (final) height. Here, I investigated this relationship using a large international sample of adult actors. Analyses considered both the sample as a whole, as well as subsamples based on nationality, and treated men and women separately. In all instances, I found no relationship between birth month or season and height, even after controlling for year of birth. This may be due to the particular nature of samples of actors, who are taller than the general population, or could suggest more broadly that birth month effects are minimal or absent in adults.
Risk and Return on Real Estate: Evidence from Equity Reits

We analyze monthly returns on an equally-weighted index of 18 to 23 equity (real property) real estate investment trusts (REITs) that were traded on major stock exchanges over the 1973-87 period. We employ a multifactor Arbitrage Pricing Model using prespecified macroeconomic factors. We also test whether equity REIT returns are related to changes in the discount on closed-end stock funds, which seems plausible given the closed-end nature of REITs. Three factors, and the percentage change in the discount on closed-end stock funds, consistently drive equity REIT returns: unexpected inflation and changes in the risk and term structures of interest rates. The impacts of these variables on equity REIT returns is around 60 percent of the impacts on corporate stock returns generally. As expected, the impacts are greater for more heavily levered REITs than for less levered REITs. Real estate, at least as measured by the return performance of equity REITs, is less risky than stocks generally, but does not offer a superior risk-adjusted return and is not a hedge against unexpected inflation.
Mesoscale patterns in the Cape São Vicente (Iberian Peninsula) upwelling region

[1] The coastal upwelling region near Cape Sao Vicente, the southwestern tip of the Iberian Peninsula where the southern zonal coast meets the meridional western coast, was studied using over 1200 advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite images of sea surface temperature and time series of sea level height, wind velocities, and nearshore sea surface temperature recorded at coastal sites within 200 km of the cape. Summer upwelling is more intense and persistent off the western coast than off the southern coast, where a recurrent warm coastal countercurrent flows westward, and at times turns northward along the western coast after reaching the cape. In this region the equatorward current jet of cold water upwelled off the western coast is no longer bounded by a coast. Three preferred directions for the spreading of this water are identified. The most persistent is eastward along the southern shelf break and slope, possibly merging with waters previously upwelled locally, which becomes separated from shore by the coastal progression of the warmer counterflow. The second preferred direction results in the southward development of a cold filament feature fed by cold waters upwelled farther north and represents the southernmost extent of the intense coastal upwelling jet, which overshoots the cape. The least frequent feature to develop is a cold filament that grows westward at the latitude of the cape, appearing to result from the meandering of the equatorward jet. The coastal countercurrent is seen to interact with the equatorward jet at times of relaxation, not only by separating the cold upwelled water from the coast but, when it is energetic enough, breaking westward offshore through the equatorward cold flow and separating the eastward and southward cold features from the upcoast cold waters. Empirical evidence shows the presence of an alongshore pressure gradient, stronger in summer, driving the coastal progression of the warm counterflow. Wind forcing plays an important role in the circulation by augmenting or diminishing the effect of the preexisting alongshore pressure gradients. The extent of the progression of the warm coastal countercurrent along the southern and western coast is dictated by the the strength of the upwelling favorable wind stress, which is able to balance and reverse the alongshore flow, at least in the upper layers.
An examination of Chinese and caucasian Canadians’ money beliefs and behaviors

The aim of this study was td examine the money beliefs and behaviors of Chinese (n = 214) and Caucasian Canadians (n = 326). A convenience sample of employed adults living in Western Canada was used. A factor analysis of the Money Beliefs and Behavior Scale (Furnham, 1984) for each group revealed that the Chinese Canadians had a solution containing the factors Obsession (preoccupied with money as a means of power), Inadequacy (anxious about one's financial situation), Retention (hesitancy about spending money) and Cautious (minimizing one's financial risks). The factor solution for the Caucasian Canadians contained the factors Obsession, Overcompensation (tendency to overspend on others), Security/Conservative (a cautious approach towards money), and Inadequacy. Ethnicity contributed to the variance explained on Obsession and Inadequacy. The Chinese were shown to be more obsessed with money as power, and feeling more anxious about their financial situation, than the Caucasians. Further, the patterns for gender, age, education, and income on each group's dimensions differed. Education was significant in explaining Chinese money beliefs and behaviors, while gender and age were significant for the Caucasians. Ethnicity is a key variable to consider when examining money beliefs and behaviors within a nation. The confirmation of similar concepts across cultures points to development of a scale for use cross-culturally. As well, new dimensions have emerged in this study which should be considered in the development of a money attitudes scale. Findings may also help financial service providers and marketers better understand their clientele.
Physicochemical and microbiological properties of set type fruit yogurt with juniper molasses.

Ozet Bu calismada, %2, 4, 6 veya 8 oraninda andiz pekmezi ilavesinin, sutun fermantasyon prosesi ile set tipi pekmezli yogurdun bazi fizikokimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik ozelliklerine etkisi arastirilmistir. Deneme yogurtlarinda, asitlik (pH ve titrasyon asitligi), viskozite ve serum ayrilmasi ile laktik asit bakteri sayimlarinin (MRS ve M17 agar besiyerlerinde) depolama periyodu (1’er hafta aralikla, 28 gun) boyunca degisim gosterdigi tespit edilmistir. Inkubasyon sonrasi (3.5 saat), kontrol yogurdunun pH’si 4.70, pekmezli yogurtlarin pH degeri 4.78-5.02 araliginda belirlenmistir. Andiz pekmezi ilavesinin artisina paralel olarak sutun fermantasyon suresinin uzadigi; depolama periyodu boyunca, kontrol grubuna oranla pekmezli yogurtlarda pH degerinin yuksek, serum ayrilmasi ile vizkozite degerlerinin ise dusuk oldugu saptanmistir. Ayrica deneme yogurtlarinin, MRS agar besiyerinden elde edilen LAB sayisinda depolama periyodunun 7. gununden itibaren gorulen azalmanin hizli, buna karsin M17 agar ortaminda gelisen bakteri sayisindaki azalmanin ise daha yavas oldugu saptanmistir. Incelenen parametreler acisindan, %4 oraninda andiz pekmezinin meyveli set tipi yogurt uretiminde kullanilabilecegi, ancak pekmezin yuksek duzeyde algilanan buruk tadindan dolayi bu oranin %4’ten az olmasinin uygun olacagi sonucuna varilmistir.
A prospective comparison of the efficacy and safety of fully closed-loop control ventilation (Intellivent-ASV) with conventional ASV and SIMV modes

Background. Intellivent-adaptive support ventilation (ASV) is a closed-loop, fully automatic method of mechanical ventilation. This advanced mode of ventilation adjusts ventilation and oxygenation parameters according to patient weight, lung function (as assessed by the ventilator) and continuous input of end-tidal carbon dioxide and oxygen saturation. Our study compares the efficacy of this new mode with ASV and synchronised intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) modes. Methods. We conducted a within-group comparison of three modes of ventilation, ASV, Intellivent-ASV and SIMV, using a Hamilton S1 ventilator (Hamilton Medical, Switzerland). Subjects were ventilated for 2 hours on each mode, and at the end of each 2-hour period, parameters of ventilation and haemodynamics were measured. Results. Twenty subjects participated in this study. Their mean age was 67.3 years (range 22 - 82 years). The most common diagnosis at presentation was pneumonia (55%), followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (11%). Mean (standard deviation) levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were significantly higher in the Intellivent-ASV group (7.6 (5) v. 5.1 (2) and 5.2 (2) cm H2O in the ASV and SIMV groups, respectively (p<0.005). Fractional inspired concentration of oxygen (FiO2) was significantly lower in the Intellivent-ASV group (0.35 (0.7)) v. 0.41 (0.6) and 0.41 (0.6) for the ASV and SIMV groups, respectively (p<0.005). The mean spontaneous breathing rate in the Intellivent-ASV group was 8.6 (7.5) breaths per minute (b/min), significantly higher than in the ASV group (2.9 (5.7) b/min) and the SIMV group (2.4 (4.5) b/min) (p=0.002), while there was no difference in the total respiratory rate between the groups. There was no significant difference in haemodynamic parameters between the different ventilation modes. ASV tended to produce lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) levels than SIMV and Intellivent-ASV (p<0.05). Conclusions. Intellivent-ASV provided a significant reduction in the FiO2 with higher PEEP levels, but without haemodynamic detriment. Intellivent-ASV encouraged significantly more spontaneous breathing, which may translate to faster weaning. Further studies to examine this effect are warranted.
A smart monitoring system for campus using ZigBee wireless sensor networks

The wireless sensor networks are autonomous sensors that are distributed to monitor environmental and physical conditions and pass them across the network to other areas, which is considered one of the key elements that are used in the applications of smart cities. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a design to add more smart applications to the sanctuary and other compounds based on wireless sensor networks using ZigBee technology. The transition from reliance on the style of surveillance and controlled manually by staff to apply the principles of smart applications through wireless sensor network which provides the ability to getting all the necessary information and capabilities of controlling and monitoring are required to automatically and thus saving the time, effort, and money. The system proposed in this paper to design a smart monitoring system at the campus to control the opening and closing of the doors of many halls and the possibility of including lighting systems and appliances. The results obtained from OPNET program show that the network topology, which used within a ZigBee network vary in terms of performance, thus giving options for designers to build their network and choose technologies that suit their project.
Wing morph- and age-related differences in fertilization success of adult males of a flightless bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae)

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that short-winged (brachypterous) and long-winged (macropterous) adult males of a flightless bug Pyrrhocoris apterus differ in fertilization success. For this purpose, 5, 10 and 28 days old brachyp- terous and macropterous males were mated for the same period of time with reproductively active 5 days old brachypterous females. The average hatchability of five egg batches of these females was used as a measure of the fertilization success of the males. The results revealed significantly higher hatchability of the eggs laid by females that copulated with 5 or 10 days old brachypterous males than with same-aged macropterous males. In contrast, the average hatchability of eggs of females that copulated with 28 days old brachypterous males was significantly lower than of those mated with same-aged macropterous males. It is the first report of wing morph- and age-related differences in fertilization success of males in insects with a non-functional wing-polymorphism. The possible relationship between wing- and age-related differential fertilization and the mating success of P. apterus males, and differ- ences in the amount of secretion transferred from their accessory glands into the reproductive tract of females during copulation, is discussed.
Law without the State

Most social scientists take for granted that law is defined by the presence of a centralized authority capable of exacting coercive penalties for violations of legal rules. Moreover, the existing approach to analyzing law in economics and positive political theory works with a very thin concept of law that does not account for the distinctive attributes of legal order as compared with other forms of social order. Drawing on a model developed elsewhere, we reinterpret key case studies to demonstrate how a theoretically informed approach illuminates questions about the emergence, stability, and function of law in supporting economic and democratic growth.
Systemic, Sectoral Risk and the Myth of a Corporate Savings Glut

This note investigates the nature of corporate savings in South Africa. The first part focuses on the empirical impact of uncertainty on investment in the manufacturing sector, while the second part discusses factors influencing corporate cash hoarding and assesses whether South African firms’ behavior is peculiar. The results show that sectoral and systemic risks – our measures of uncertainty – consistently impede investment in the South African manufacturing sector, which could explain in part for firms increasing their savings. Further reasons for that behavior include precautionary measures when economic conditions are unfavorable, increasing appetite for investment abroad at the expense of domestic investment, cash provision for amortization purposes and balance sheet management.
Multiple pregnancies among women engaged in agriculture in Norway, 1967-91

SUMMARY Background. The worldwide occurrence of dizygotic (DZ) multiple pregnancies has increased since 1980 as a consequence of assisted fertilization techniques. An opposite influence by environmental factors yet unidentified has been a suspected explanation of decreased multiple pregnancies in several countries during 1960-1980. The aim of our study was to describe multiple, in particular DZ, pregnancy patterns in the Norwegian agricultural population between 1967 and 1991, and to investigate the hypothesis that grain production under climatic conditions favoring fungal growth causes a decline in DZ pregnancies. Methods. By record linkage of national registers in Norway, we identified 246,043 farm holders and spouses born between 1925 and 1971 in agricultural censuses and the population register. In this population, 190,258 pregnancies were recorded in the Medical Birth Registry 1967-91. The prevalences of multiple pregnancy, subdivided in DZ and monozygotic (MZ) pregnancies, were examined in strata of several determinants. Exposure, defined as the combination of grain farming and categories of seasonal fungal warnings, was based on data on farm activity and on local fungal warnings in the growth seasons. Adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) served as estimates of association. Results. We identified 2,131 (11.2 per 1,000) multiple pregnancies, 1,322 (6.9) were classified as DZ. The prevalence of DZ pregnancies was declining until the late 1970s, and increased thereafter. The agricultural population of Norway is heterogeneous along two dimensions, with a difference between farmers and nonfarmers (mainly engaged in forestry), and a difference according to degree of maternal work input on the farm holding. Farmers, in particular active farmers, had more DZ pregnancies than non-farmers early in the study period; this ratio was reversed late in the study period. Non-farmers had a much higher temporal increase in the proportion of first-time mothers who were ! 30 years, and were more likely to undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). Combined grain farming and seasonal late blight warnings did not influence the prevalence of DZ pregnancies. Unexpectedly, the same climate variable, in combination with horticulture, was negatively associated with DZ pregnancies (PR 0.3; 95% confidence interval 0.1‐0.7). Conclusion. Active Norwegian farmers seem to have a somewhat higher natural occurrence of DZ pregnancies than mothers in non-farming sectors of the agricultural population. After the late 1970s this situation was reversed, mainly because the latter group consisted of more older first-time mothers, and probably with a higher need of assisted fertility treatment. Interpretations are difficult concerning the inverse relation between DZ pregnancy and climatic conditions in horticulture.
Effect of Feeding Frequency on Feed Consumption, Growth and Feed Conversion of Clarias gariepinus X Heterobranchus longifilis Hybrids

The effect of feeding frequency on feed consumption, growth and feed conversion efficiency of Clarias gariepinus X Heterobranchus longifilis hybrids was investigated in the laboratory over a period of 12 weeks (3 months). Fish fed once daily consumed a lower quantity of feed (40.70±0.58 g) than fish fed at higher frequencies. The highest feed consumption was observed in fish fed 5 times daily (54.43±0.24 g), with a significant difference (P 0.05) specifically, between feeding frequencies B and C (i.e. between twice and thrice daily feeding). It was concluded that feeding Clarias gariepinus X Heterobranchus longifilis hybrids more than once a day increased growth performance and the feed conversion ratio was better in twice and thrice daily feeding than feeding the fish once or more than thrice daily.