Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Artifact's Theory - A Grounded Theory Perspective on Design Science Research

The need for theoretical work in IS research has been pointed out frequently in past discussions on the cumulative tradition of our discipline. In order to distinct IS research from adjacent fields, the practice of designing artifacts plays a crucial role. On the one hand, the construction and evaluation of new and innovative arti- facts solving real world problems is the core of our discipline. On the other hand, this designing aspect of IS research has been ac- cused of not being linked sufficiently to theoretical considerations in the past. To help IS design researchers to address this chal- lenge, our paper analyzes research generating theory based on the Grounded Theory Method. By identifying, analyzing, and review- ing such research we identify some process characteristics of grounded theory building that can help IS researchers to improve their design processes to also yield theoretical output. Thus, we aim to make an IS design researcher’s work clearly distinguisha- ble to the work of a software developer or a consultant. By also discussing the role of theory in this context, we intend to make a case for more theoretical work in IS design research.
Current status of the use of retroperitoneal approach for reconstructions of the aorta and its branches.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to determine whether retroperitoneal approach for aortic surgery has certain physiologic, technical advantages. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA The retroperitoneal approach for abdominal aortic reconstruction classically had been reserved for select patients with either high-risk comorbid disease or specific anatomic problems that preclude the transabdominal approach. With increasing appreciation of the physiologic, anatomic, and technical advantages of the extended posterolateral retroperitoneal approach, the authors have expanded its use for repair of all types of aortic visceral and renal artery disease as well as ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and infected aortic grafts. METHODS From January 1981 to September 1995, 2340 retroperitoneal aortoiliac reconstructions were performed in 2243 patients. Aortic reconstructions accounted for 1756 cases: 1109 for elective abdominal aortic aneurysms, 210 for ruptured and symptomatic aortic aneurysms, 399 for occlusive disease, 18 for infected aortic grafts, and 20 for other indications. Iliofemoral disease was the indication for 584 procedures. As experience was gained, this approach also was used for 417 renal and 50 celiac and superior mesenteric artery reconstructions. RESULTS The mean age was 67 years with 1590 men and 653 women. Overall mortality was 5.2% for all aortic cases: 2.4% for elective, 12.6% for symptomatic, and 29.0% for ruptured aortic aneurysms. Major complications occurred in 12.5% of the elective procedures and in 38.3% of emergency procedures. Over the past 5 years, the average length of hospital for uncomplicated elective abdominal aortic aneurysms was 6.1 days, intensive care unit stay was 0.7 day, and diet was resumed by postoperative day 1. Five-year graft patency was 99% for aneurysms and 95% for occlusive disease. CONCLUSIONS The retroperitoneal approach offers certain physiologic advantages associated with minimal disturbance of gastrointestinal and respiratory function, thereby reducing the length of intensive care unit and hospital stay. In addition, its technical advantages and flexibility facilitates visceral and juxtarenal aortic reconstructions without the need for thoracotomy.
Diphenhydramine in Insomniac Family Practice Patients: A Double‐Blind Study

Abstract: One hundred eleven mildly to moderately insomniac patients participated in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study to establish the efficacy of diphenhydramine as an over‐the‐counter (OTC) sleep aid. A two‐week crossover design was employed in which all patients received both diphenhydramine and placebo for one week each. The daily diphenhydramine dose was 50 mg at bedtime. Results obtained indicate that diphenhydramine improved various sleep parameters, including sleep latency, to a significantly higher degree than did placebo. In addition, patients on diphenhydramine reported feeling more restful the following morning and patients preferred the diphenhydramine drug to placebo despite experiencing more side effects. This study thus supports the use of 50 mg diphenhydramine as an OTC sleep aid in the treatment of temporary mild to moderate insomnia.
Dilator Naris Muscle

The human nose is an important organ of respiration which by virtue of its valvular influence becomes a significant effector of respiratory resistance over a wide range of ventilatory requirements. In man its effectiveness in this regard is related to its flow limiting segment (FLS) located at the limen nasi. Its passive valvular effect is additionally modified by active respiratory contractions of the dilator naris muscle (DNM) controlled through the VII cranial nerve by the brain stem respiratory center. Its behavior, quantitatively determined in human beings and experimental animals, is summarized. 1) In man, phasic DNM activity operates during eupneic nasal breathing and varies directly with ventilatory resistance. 2) The elimination of all measurable ventilatory resistance results in complete cessation of DNM activity. 3) Over time, reduced resistance produces difficulty in reestablishing dilator function once it is physiologically lost. 4) DNM respiratory activity is modified by pulmonary mechano-and pressure-receptors via afferent vagal pathways. The response of nasal dilators in valvular control, therefore, appears dependent on the physiologic integrity of the vagus nerves. It is our belief that nasal valvular control has not previously been appreciated in this context.
Painful Diabetic Neuropathy

Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) can be refractory to conventional pharmacologic therapy (1–3), which may have significant side effects. Reiki is a hands-on therapy based on the theoretical existence of a bioenergy field intrinsic to the human body (4). Reiki practitioners believe that this bioenergy field can be altered by a trained practitioner and that this can ameliorate disabling symptoms. However, its therapeutic efficacy remains unclear (5). This trial therefore assessed the efficacy of Reiki therapy to alleviate pain and improve mobility and quality of life in subjects with type 2 diabetes and PDN. A total of 207 subjects with type 2 diabetes and PDN were recruited. Analgesics including anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, and nonsteroidal antiflammatory agents were permitted and equally distributed across groups, but no dosing adjustments were allowed. Subjects were stratified according to age, diabetes duration, diabetes control, and recruitment site. Written informed consent and ethical approval was obtained. The study design was a randomized, semidouble–blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week trial. Subjects were randomized into one of three treatment groups (Reiki, mimic Reiki, or usual care) in a 1:1:1 fashion. Mimic practitioners were actors trained to mimic Reiki practitioners in style of practice. Reiki was applied as previously described (6). Practitioners …
Diagnostic Criteria in Dementia: A Comparison of Current Criteria, Research Challenges, and Implications for DSM-V

Planning is being initiated for the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th ed. (DSM-V). Therefore, the dementia diagnosis criteria in the American Psychiatric Association’s DSM-IVTR (4th ed, text revision, 2000) have been compared with the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (10th revision, 1992). Critiques are based primarily on (a) internal consistency and validity of the classification, (b) historical development of the field, (c) conclusions of consensus conferences, and (d) current knowledge and practice. It is suggested that (1) the entire category be labeled “cognitive disorders,” to better characterize this group of disorders, (2) there is no longer any scientific basis for the presenile versus senile dementia dichotomy at age 65, (3) Alzheimer’s disease no longer should have unique status as a “diagnosis of exclusion,” (4) future manuals should incorporate knowledge regarding the clinical manifestation and course of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, and (5) the classification “Pick’s disease” should be broadened to “frontotemporal dementias. ” DSM-V should incorporate continuing advances in the neuroscience knowledge base and understanding of these disorders. (J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2006;19:137-146)
Laparoscopic versus open surgery for the treatment of colorectal cancer: a literature review and recommendations from the Comité de l'évolution des pratiques en oncologie.

BACKGROUND Adoption of the laparoscopic approach for colorectal cancer treatment has been slow owing to initial case study results suggesting high recurrence rates at port sites. The use of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer still raises a number of concerns, particularly with the technique's complexity, learning curve and longer duration. After exploring the scientific literature comparing open and laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of colorectal cancer with respect to oncologic efficacy and shortterm outcomes, the Comité de l'évolution des pratiques en oncologie (CEPO) made recommendations for surgical practice in Quebec. METHODS Scientific literature published from January 1995 to April 2012 was reviewed. Phase III clinical trials and meta-analyses were included. RESULTS Sixteen randomized trials and 10 meta-analyses were retrieved. Analysis of the literature confirmed that for curative treatment of colorectal cancer, laparoscopy is not inferior to open surgery with respect to survival and recurrence rates. Moreover, laparoscopic surgery provides short-term advantages, including a shorter hospital stay, reduced analgesic use and faster recovery of intestinal function. However, this approach does require a longer operative time. CONCLUSION Considering the evidence, the CEPO recommends that laparoscopic resection be considered an option for the curative treatment of colon and rectal cancer; that decisions regarding surgical approach take into consideration surgeon experience, tumour stage, potential contraindications and patient expectations; and that laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer be performed only by appropriately trained surgeons who perform a sufficient volume annually to maintain competence.
Voluntary and therapeutic causes of water intoxication and hypertonic dehydration: perinatal risks in mother and offspring

Owing to the attitude that a high intake of fluid enhances beauty, young women may drink far more water than they need. This behaviour may have serious consequences for the mother and her offspring during delivery because of a risk of severe hyponatraemia. In contrast, hypernatraemic dehydration in the newborn infant may be considered when exclusively breast-fed infants postnatally lose 10% or more of their birth weight. This previously rather neglected condition should particularly be taken into account in preterm infants.
LOST project, a learning platform for security training

The LOST Project, a Learning platfOrm for Security Training, developed by “La Salle - Ramon Llull University” in collaboration with ISECOM, the “Institute for Security and Open Methodologies”, is an eLearning environment that helps security trainers to teach hands-on technological knowledge on security testing and auditing and engages students in the security world from the Ethical Hacking perspective. This environment is based on an elearning platform, a test bed to be used by the students, a management interface that allows the trainers to control what students do, the materials that students use during the learning process with challenges to motivate them as well as a list of projects and new ideas for students to develop their final thesis. This paper describes the components of the LOST Project, how it was developed, how it is used and the results obtained with the students enrolled in the corresponding security courses.
Ontogeny of Mucosal Immunity—Environmental and Behavioral Influences

Since mucosal surfaces represent the interface between the host and the environment and are the most common portal of pathogen entry, early development of functional mucosal immune defense is essential for survival. The development of mucosal immune function is profoundly influenced by maternal, environmental, and behavioral factors and although the impact of these is greatest during the prenatal and immediately postnatal periods, their influence extends beyond this period and patterns of development in postnatal life determine many of the immune outcomes in later life. This review will correlate information regarding age-related changes occurring in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue from a variety of animal models and in humans and will explore how the interactions which exist between the immune and neuroendocrine systems orchestrate these effects. In particular the role of prenatal and postnatal stressors, feeding patterns, nutritional factors, infections, and exposure to allergens and toxins are addressed. A clear understanding of the way in which these factors interact to influence development and control of mucosal immune function will assist in the design of neonatal vaccination and disease management strategies.
Aqueous solubilization of furosemide by supramolecular complexation with 4‐sulphonic calix[n]arenes

The solubilization of the practically water insoluble drug furosemide by guest:host inclusion complexation with 4‐sulphonic calix[n]arenes has been reported. The 4‐sulphonic calix[n]arenes are water‐soluble phenolic cyclooligomers that form inclusion complexes with neutral molecules. The solubility of furosemide in acidic (pH < 4) aqueous solutions containing increasing concentrations of the calixarenes was determined at 30°C and the concentration of furosemide in solution was determined by HPLC. Results showed that the molecular size of the 4‐sulphonic calix[n]arenes and the concentration of the calix[n]arenes significantly influenced the increase in the solubility of furosemide. 4‐Sulphonic calix[6]arene improved the solubility of furosemide the most (± 104%) followed by 4‐sulphonic calix[8]‐arene (±84–102%), while 4‐sulphonic calix[4]arene increased the solubility of furosemide the least (±73–81%). The increase in furosemide solubility afforded by the calixarenes was most probably the result of the incorporation of the non‐polar portions of the furosemide molecule into the non‐polar cavities of the calixarenes similar to furosemide:cyclodextrin complexes. The driving force for this interaction was the reduction in the non‐polar‐water interfacial surface area when the furosemide (guest) molecules were inserted into the 4‐sulphonic calix[n]arenes (host).
Contemporary perspectives on the study of psychological climate: A commentary

At the individual level of analysis, we address how work environment perceptions (psychological climate) are conceptualized and measured with respect to three perspectives in the applied psychology literature: (1) social constructionist, (2) general psychological, and (3) multiple stakeholder. Similarities and differences between these perspectives regarding the hypothesized bases of work environment perceptions, factor models for capturing these perceptions, and the generality/specificity of psychological climate factors are discussed. A general framework for conceptualizing and measuring climate perceptions with respect to different referents, organizational levels, industries or sectors, and stakeholder groups is then presented. This framework is posited to include core, generalizable dimensions associated with each relevant stakeholder group. Finally, we recommend methods and discuss future research directions related to the aggregation of individual level climate perceptions to organizational levels.
Coronary artery fistula as major source of right lung circulation in a patient with isolated right pulmonary artery agenesis

Department of Internal Medicine, The Cardiovascular Research Unit, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, Glostrup 2600, Denmark; Research Center for Prevention and Health, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark; and Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
Photic Regulation of mt1 Melatonin Receptors and 2-Iodomelatonin Binding in the Rat and Siberian Hamster

We have investigated the photic regulation of melatonin receptors both at the level of binding capacity and mt1 mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the pars tuberalis (PT) of the pituitary of two species: a highly photoperiodic one, the Siberian hamster, and a nonphotoperiodic one, the Wistar rat. This study has been performed by looking at the effect of a light pulse applied during the night on the two receptor parameters. The results show that the photic regulations of mt1 mRNA expression and receptor density are distinct from each other in both the SCN and PT of the two species studied. They also show that, depending on the species and the structure, this regulation may implicate either the circadian clock or melatonin.
Three‐Dimensional Architecture of the Ovine Oviductal Mucosa

The objective of this work was to establish for the first time a complete three‐dimensional model of the ovine oviductal mucosa. The oviducts of 15 cyclic ewes were examined combining the direct examination of the mucosa, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histology, with the SEM observation of resin moulds of the oviductal lumen. Around the ostium abdominale, all longitudinal primary folds and wide secondary are seen to form cul‐de‐sacs, with their opening pointing in the ovarian direction were observed. At the connection of the ampulla to the isthmus, there is a sharp change in the morphology, from a high folded structure to a smoother one. In the utero‐tubal junction, the primary folds broaden and become more voluminous, the lumen has a slit‐like appearance, and secondary folds form cul‐de‐sacs with their opening oriented towards the uterus. The areas between the folds throughout the lumen of the oviduct show a high degree of complexity. The presence of crypts was observed in all the regions studied, branched in the ampulla and spiniform in the isthmus. Marked variations were observed in the oviductal epithelium depending on the oviductal segment and the basal or apical areas of the folds. The variations found regarding the phase of the oestrous cycle were similar to those described in studies of other species. The anatomy of the oviductal mucosa provides a complex system that seems to be designed to regulate the movement of fluids and the passage of cells within the oviductal canal.
Restoring Emphasis on Ambulatory Internal Medicine Training-The 3∶1 Model.

BACKGROUND Resident dissatisfaction in ambulatory care training has prompted the need for new scheduling models that support a positive learning climate. INTERVENTION We instituted a 3∶1 scheduling model for postgraduate year (PGY)-2 and PGY-3 residents. We hypothesized this model would provide a more structured ambulatory educational atmosphere, better continuity of care, and more exposure to subspecialty outpatient medicine. This model would also eliminate conflict with inpatient duties and contribute to enhance residents' satisfaction with ambulatory medicine and their ambulatory education experience. The model used weeklong ambulatory blocks every fourth week, consisting of morning continuity clinic and afternoon subspecialty clinics. The PGY-1 residents maintained a traditional schedule. RESULTS Residents were surveyed regarding their ambulatory experience, with an overall response rate of 73 of 80 (91%). The PGY-2 and PGY-3 responses were analyzed descriptively and compared with PGY-1 responses. Residents reported that the 3∶1 model positively affected their satisfaction with residency training in general, their satisfaction with outpatient/primary care training, and their outpatient/clinic educational experience. Residents in the 3∶1 model perceived improvements in continuity of care and in the quality of care they provided for patients. The experience in ambulatory subspecialty training was positive. CONCLUSIONS A 3∶1 scheduling model appears to mitigate some of the conflict between inpatient and outpatient duties. Residents agreed the new model promoted an improved ambulatory experience.
Immune System Development in Infants Born to Mothers with Autoimmune Disease, Exposed In Utero to Immunosuppressive Agents

Exposure to immunosuppressant agents during gestation can affect the fetal immune system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune function of infants whose mothers were administered immunosuppressants during pregnancy for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Circulating lymphocyte subsets and in vitro immunoglobulin production were assessed at birth, and months 1, 6, and 12 of life in 19 infants exposed in utero to glucocorticoid alone or in combination with azathioprine, cyclosporine A, or hydroxychloroquine. The results were compared with those obtained in 15 age-matched infants from mothers with autoimmune diseases not exposed to immunosuppressants. No differences in terms of absolute lymphocyte count, percentage of B and T lymphocytes, and immunoglobulin production were observed. No immune system dysfunction was found in the two studied groups, suggesting a lack of interference between the immunosuppressive treatment and the immune systems of the offspring.
Phonon modes and vibrational entropy of mixing in Fe-Cr.

Results from neutron inelastic-scattering experiments on Fe, Cr, and three bcc Fe-Cr alloys were analyzed with a Born–von Karman model to obtain phonon density-of-states (DOS) curves. We compared the phonon DOS of the bcc Fe-Cr alloys to the composite phonon DOS from appropriate fractions of the phonon DOS of the pure metals Fe and Cr. In the high-temperature limit, we obtained the vibrational entropy of mixing of Fe and Cr to be 0.141, 0.201, and 0.214 kB/atom for alloys of Fe70Cr30,Fe53Cr47, and Fe30Cr70, respectively, with the disordered solid solution having the larger vibrational entropy. Some expected effects of vibrational entropy on the chemical unmixing transformation in Fe-Cr are discussed.
Physiological Regulation of the Secretion of Histatins and Statherins in Human Parotid Saliva

The small salivary phosphoproteins, histatins and statherins, have important functions in the oral cavity in terms of antimicrobial actions and regulation of calcium phosphate homeostasis. Neither the effects of various physiological stimuli on their secretion nor the nature of the efferent receptor involved in the stimulus-secretion coupling has been determined previously. These aspects are important for improved understanding of the secretory control of salivary proteins and may have implications regarding the effects of specific medications on salivary constituents and oral health. The effects of graded mechanical (chewing on short and long silicone tubings) and gustatory stimulation (0.5, 1.5, and 5.0% citric acid) on the secretion of histatins and statherins were studied in the presence and absence of adrenolytic agents (n = 10). In this model, secretory rates of both proteins increased with increases in flow rate, with 5.0% citric acid representing a particularly potent stimulus. Histatin and statherin secretory rates were significantly reduced by the β 1-adrenolytic agent (histatins to 58 to 72% and statherins to 11 to 29% of that in corresponding control experiments), but not by the α 1-adrenolytic agent. Since the β1-adrenergic receptors played an important role in the stimulus-secretion coupling of these proteins, protective salivary functions in the oral cavity may be compromised during β 1-adrenolytic treatment.