Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Organization of Working Memory Networks is Shaped by Early Sensory Experience

Abstract Early deafness results in crossmodal reorganization of the superior temporal cortex (STC). Here, we investigated the effect of deafness on cognitive processing. Specifically, we studied the reorganization, due to deafness and sign language (SL) knowledge, of linguistic and nonlinguistic visual working memory (WM). We conducted an fMRI experiment in groups that differed in their hearing status and SL knowledge: deaf native signers, and hearing native signers, hearing nonsigners. Participants performed a 2‐back WM task and a control task. Stimuli were signs from British Sign Language (BSL) or moving nonsense objects in the form of point‐light displays. We found characteristic WM activations in fronto‐parietal regions in all groups. However, deaf participants also recruited bilateral posterior STC during the WM task, independently of the linguistic content of the stimuli, and showed less activation in fronto‐parietal regions. Resting‐state connectivity analysis showed increased connectivity between frontal regions and STC in deaf compared to hearing individuals. WM for signs did not elicit differential activations, suggesting that SL WM does not rely on modality‐specific linguistic processing. These findings suggest that WM networks are reorganized due to early deafness, and that the organization of cognitive networks is shaped by the nature of the sensory inputs available during development.
The relationship between two-dimensional self-esteem and problem solving style in an anorexic inpatient sample.

OBJECTIVE Research examining cognitive and behavioural determinants of anorexia is currently lacking. This has implications for the success of treatment programmes for anorexics, particularly, given the high reported dropout rates. This study examines two-dimensional self-esteem (comprising of self-competence and self-liking) and social problem-solving in an anorexic population and predicts that self-esteem will mediate the relationship between problem-solving and eating pathology by facilitating/inhibiting use of faulty/effective strategies. METHOD Twenty-seven anorexic inpatients and 62 controls completed measures of social problem solving and two-dimensional self-esteem. RESULTS Anorexics scored significantly higher than the non-clinical group on measures of eating pathology, negative problem orientation, impulsivity/carelessness and avoidance and significantly lower on positive problem orientation and both self-esteem components. In the clinical sample, disordered eating correlated significantly with self-competence, negative problem-orientation and avoidance. Associations between disordered eating and problem solving lost significance when self-esteem was controlled in the clinical group only. Self-competence was found to be the main predictor of eating pathology in the clinical sample while self-liking, impulsivity and negative and positive problem orientation were main predictors in the non-clinical sample. DISCUSSION Findings support the two-dimensional self-esteem theory with self-competence only being relevant to the anorexic population and support the hypothesis that self-esteem mediates the relationship between disordered eating and problem solving ability in an anorexic sample. Treatment implications include support for programmes emphasising increasing self-appraisal and self-efficacy.
Roles of the PDZ‐binding motif of HPV 16 E6 protein in oncogenic transformation of human cervical keratinocytes

The high‐risk human papillomavirus E6 proteins have been shown to interact with and lead to degradation of PDZ‐domain‐containing proteins through its carboxy‐terminal motif. This PDZ‐binding motif plays important roles in transformation of cultured cells and carcinogenesis of E6‐transgenic mice. However, its biological effects on the natural host cells have not been elucidated. We have examined its roles in an in vitro carcinogenesis model for cervical cancer, in which E6 and E7 together with activated HRAS (HRASG12V) can induce tumorigenic transformation of normal human cervical keratinocytes. In this model, E6Δ151 mutant, which is defective in binding to PDZ domains, almost lost tumorigenic ability, whereas E6SAT mutant, which is defective in p53 degradation showed activity close to wild‐type E6. Interestingly, we found decreased expression of PAR3 in E6‐expressing cells independently of E6AP, which has not been previously recognized. Therefore, we knocked down several PDZ‐domain containing proteins including PAR3 in human cervical keratinocytes expressing E7, HRASG12V and E6Δ151 to examine whether depletion of these proteins can restore the tumorigenic ability. Single knockdown of SCRIB, MAGI1 or PAR3 significantly but partially restored the tumorigenic ability. The combinatorial knockdown of SCRIB and MAGI1 cooperatively restored the tumorigenic ability, and additional depletion of PAR3 further enhanced the tumorigenic ability surpassing that induced by wild‐type E6. These data highlight the importance of the carboxy‐terminal motif of the E6 protein and downregulation of PAR3 in tumorigenic transformation of human cervical keratinocytes.
Consumers' food choice and quality perception

There is a long tradition of research into consumers’ food choice and quality perception. In the last few years, however, these topics have received even more attention due to the intense debate about such issues as ethical considerations in relation to food production and quality, food scandals and the resulting food scares among consumers, genetic modification of foods, and animal welfare (or, rather, non-welfare), which has made questions regarding food quality and consumers’ supposedly rational or irrational food choices even more urgent. In-creased interest in health and quality stands in stark contrast to a perceived unwillingness to pay the higher prices this implies, and scepticism about industrial food production stands in contrast to busy lifestyles and a resulting demand for convenience. However, while the topics of food quality perception and choice have certainly become more complex, research has also provided new insights into them. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of research carried out on consumers’ food quality perception and choice at the MAPP Centre during the last 10 years, and is part of a major research project at Fodevareokonomisk Institut (FOI). In this project, the paper will serve as input on quality per-cep-tion from a consumer point of view. The results presented in the paper will give insights into how consumers perceive food quality and why they choose the food products they do, and may thus help in understanding the complicated concept of food quality. Although the starting point of the paper is in research carried out at the MAPP Centre, it will also include results from other sources where needed for a more thorough discussion of a specific topic. The criteria for including additional material are relevance to the topic in question and the extent to which the topic has been researched at MAPP. As a general framework for ana-lysing consumer quality perception and choice of food products, MAPP has developed the Total Food Quality Model, which will be used to structure this overview. We start by presenting the Total Food Quality Model and an overview of the research methods involved. We then describe the various elements of the model in more detail, based on four major quality dimensions – health, taste, process characteristics, convenience.
Tempo de assistência de Enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: avaliação dos parâmetros propostos pela Resolução COFEN nº293/04

This study aimed to evaluate the parameters established in COFEN Resolution 293/04 concerning nursing staff dimensioning in adult intensive care units (AICU). The research was conducted in six hospitals in Sao Paulo City. The daily quantitative average of professionals needed for patient care was calculated according to the parameters established by COFEN. The obtained results were compared with the existing number of daily staff members in these units. It was observed that the proportions recommended by COFEN for the nurse category are superior to those used in the hospitals studied, which represents a challenge for Brazilian nursing. Mean care time values were found appropriate and represent important standards for dimensioning the minimum number of professionals in AICU. This study contributed to the validation of the parameters indicated in Resolution 293/04 for nursing staff dimensioning in the AICU.
Unambiguous identification of the NBTI recovery mechanism using ultra-fast temperature changes

We study temperature and bias dependence of VTH and interface states recovery after NBTI (Negative Bias Temperature Instability) stress. By making use of in situ heated test structures, we are able to change the temperature quickly and reliably at any stage of the experiment while keeping the device bias conditions untouched. This tool enables us on the one hand (i) to bring identically processed devices to the same degradation level, by stressing them under the same bias and temperature conditions, and on the other hand (ii) to vary the temperature in a defined way during recovery. Additionally we also study the influence of gate bias switches at constant temperature. Out of those experiments we have discovered that recovery acceleration can be observed either by increasing the temperature or by switching the gate bias for a short period of time towards accumulation. Since Charge Pumping (CP) measurements before stress and after recovery indicate that interface states cannot be made responsible for this acceleration, we suggest the neutralization of NBTI induced positive oxide traps to be the dominant recovery mechanism. However, if this is the case, we have to consider inelastic phonon-assisted tunneling in order to explain the temperature acceleration at fixed gate bias.
Suitability of various Coxiella burnetii antigen preparations for detection of serum antibodies by various tests.

Comparison of four serological tests (complement fixation (CF) test, microagglutination (MA) test, microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) for detection of post-infection antibody response in human and animal sera revealed a low sensitivity of the CF test with acute Q fever human, goat and sheep sera but not with chronic Q fever human sera and sera of aborting cows. The remaining three tests gave similar results with human (both acute and chronic) and cow sera, but the ELISA was more sensitive than the MA and MIF tests with goat and sheep sera. A treatment of phase I Coxiella burnetii (C.b.) cells with chloroform-methanol, potassium periodate and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and mild acidic hydrolysis did not result in increase of the sensitivity of the tests when compared with the natural phase I and phase II C.b. cells, respectively. The suitability of various C.b. antigen preparations for the abovementioned serological tests with various sera is discussed.
The Brain-Games Conundrum: Does Cognitive Training Really Sharpen the Mind?

Editor’s Note: Few topics in the world of neuroscience evoke as much debate as the effectiveness of cognitive training. Do you misplace your keys regularly? Forget appointments? Have trouble remembering names? No worries. A host of companies promise to “train” your brain with games designed to stave off mental decline. Regardless of their effectiveness, their advertising has convinced tens of thousands of people to open their wallets. As our authors review the research on cognitive-training products, they expose the science surrounding the benefits of brain games as sketchy at best.
SACRED LANDSCAPES AND BUILDING PRACTICES AT UCI, KANCAB, AND UCANHA, YUCATAN, MEXICO

Abstract During the emergence of regional hierarchy around the site of Uci in northwest Yucatan, Mexico, ordinary people affected power relations in at least two ways. First, in the Late Preclassic and Early Classic periods, Uci had the largest ceremonial center and the largest population within a 20 km radius. Uci also physically linked itself to smaller settlements, such as Kancab and Ucanha, by means of a broad stone causeway. Yet Kancab and Ucanha's quadripartite placement of causeways and central plaza suggests that its households created a sacred landscape that gave them a degree of ritual autonomy. Ordinary people impacted power relations a second way by participating in the development of the megalithic architectural style, which was used in the region's most authoritative buildings. The use of this style in domestic platforms illustrates the ability of modest households to make their own decisions and to act in ways that constituted society at large.
Effect of Protein Sources on Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis Using Rumen Simulated Continuous Culture System

A rumen simulated continuous culture (RSCC) system was used to study the influence of supplementation of the three different types of protein sources such as urea, casein and soy protein on rumen microbial synthesis in terms of rumen microbial synchronization. The urea treatment showed the highest pH value. Ammonia nitrogen concentration was rapidly increased after feeding and not significantly different in the urea treatment (13.53 mg/100 ml). Protozoa numbers were not significantly different for soy protein and casein treatment compared to urea treatments during incubation. The average concentration of total VFA (mMol) was not detected with significant difference among treatments, but iso-butyrate production showed the highest for soy protein treatment among treatments (p<0.001). The lowest concentration in total iso-acids (iso-butyrate and iso-valerate) production was observed in urea treatment. The soy protein treatment showed no significantly change in acetate/propionate. The amounts of dry matter (DM) out flow showed no significant difference among treatments. Organic matter (OM) flow was the highest for urea treatments and the lowest for casein treatment (p<0.03). The nitrogen flow for casein treatment was not significantly different from other treatments. The efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in terms of microbial nitrogen (MN) synthesis (g MN/kg ADOM) digested in the rumen was highest for casein treatment (58.53 g MN/kg ADOM) compared to soy protein and urea (p<0.05). This result suggests that rumen ammonia releasing rate may influence on microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 3 : 326-331)
The power spectrum from the angular distribution of galaxies in the CFHTLS-Wide fields at redshift ∼0.7

We measure the real-space galaxy power spectrum on large scales at redshifts 0.5 to 1.2 using optical colour-selected samples from the CFHT Legacy Survey. With the redshift distributions measured with a preliminary 14000 spectroscopic redshifts from the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS), we deproject the angular distribution and directly estimate the three-dimensional power spectrum. We use a maximum likelihood estimator that is optimal for a Gaussian random eld
Detecting Community Influence Echelons in Twitter Network

We study the interactions in a coherent community o n Twitter to examine its structure. In particular w e examine if there exists a hierarchical influence structure induced b y the interactions which reflect a ranked partition of the users in the community where users retweet (forward) only messages from other users belonging to an equal or higher ranked group. We extract such ranked partition of the community a nd show it to roughly align with independently cons tructed influence score of users in each echelon. Our research sugges ts that the relationship and forwarding behavior in online microblogging community is affected by the underlying social infl uence structure and the understanding of the struct ure may help us better predict the information diffusion on such online co mmunities.
Protective role of heat stress in burn trauma*

Objective:This study was designed to determine whether cutaneous burn injury up-regulated expression of myocardial heat shock protein (HSP)70 and to determine a potential cardioprotective role of inducible HSP70 (iHSP70) in postburn myocardial contractile function. Design:Experimental study. Setting:Research laboratory. Subjects:Adult Hartley guinea pigs. Interventions:The first set of studies determined whether heat stress (increasing body temperature to 42°C for 20 mins) in adult Hartley guinea pigs would increase expression of myocardial iHSP70. Measurements and Main Results:Our model of heat stress increased expression of inducible HSP in the myocardium (Western blot), and this response persisted 1, 2, 4, and 24 hrs after the initial heat stress. We then determined whether burn trauma over 40% total body surface area (TBSA) increased myocardial expression of iHSP70. Time-matched sham and burned guinea pigs were killed 1, 2, 4, 12, 18, or 24 hrs postburn, and hearts were used either to examine myocardial iHSP70 expression by Western blot or to determine myocardial contractile function (Langendorff). Burn trauma produced a two-fold increase in myocardial iHSP70 that was evident as early as 1 hr postburn and persisted 24 hrs postburn; increased iHSP70 expression occurred despite only a modest and transient increase in body temperature after burn trauma. We then determined whether heat shock stress before burn trauma provided a protective or detrimental effect on cardiac function. Body temperature was increased to 42°C for 20 mins, animals were allowed to recover, and body temperature returned to baseline; burn trauma was then produced (40% TBSA) either 1, 2, 4, or 24 hrs after the initial heat stress. Myocardial contraction and relaxation deficits were evident after burn trauma alone; however, heat stress 1 hr before burn trauma improved left ventricular developed pressure and positive or negative maximum change in pressure in time and shifted left ventricular function curves upward and leftward from those calculated for burn in the absence of heat stress, indicating improved ventricular performance. Increasing the time between the initial heat stress and burn injury decreased the cardioprotective effects of heat stress. Thus, organ protection was evident only when the time period between the initial heat stress and the second insult was brief (1 hr). Conclusions:Our finding that the amount of myocardial iHSP70 remained constantly elevated after heat stress while the cardio-protective effect afforded by a prior heat stress declined with time suggested that the initial heat stress evoked several compensatory/adaptive mechanisms that may include modulation of autonomic nervous system responses, changes in metabolic function, modulation of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine responses, and heat stress-related alterations in antioxidant capacity.
Alice Bertha Gomme (1852–1938): A Reassessment of the Work of a Folklorist

IN the past seventy years, the theory and methods of Alice Bertha Gomme have been widely criticised by folklorists and writers working within the field of childlore. Norman Douglas apparently had her in mind when he described 'Aunt Eliza' a Victorian pedant who could discern a meaning 'not quite nice' in every item she collected. ' More seriously, the Opies pointed to limitations in her approach and sources of data. They
Coverage Costs of One Amplify-and-Forward Relaying in Outdoors Urban Environment

The use of fixed relays has previously been shown to enhance the performance of cellular systems, e.g. in terms of improved bit-rate CDFs. Under the assumption that these relays are inexpensive, it has been argued that cellular-relaying architectures can provide high bit-rate services at low infrastructure costs. This paper addresses the question of how inexpensive must a relay be, by converting the performance gains of the relaying architecture into cost constraints. The analysis is numerically exemplified on a study case where 95% downlink outdoor coverage must be provided in an urban environment. The relays are (randomly) placed on lamp-posts along streets. The transmission power, height and gain of the base station antennas, and the complexity of the relaying scheme are used to model the cost-performance trade-off. In this coverage study case, the relay to base station cost ratio must be at most 2 - 15%, depending on the above parameters' values. In the numerical examples, the relaying scheme type has much smaller impact on the cost ratio constraint than the base station antenna height and gain
Radioiodine treatment of metastatic thyroid cancer: relative efficacy and side effect profile of preparation by thyroid hormone withdrawal versus recombinant human thyrotropin.

BACKGROUND To effectively treat differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with radioiodine (RAI) it is necessary to raise serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels either endogenously by thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) or exogenously by administration of recombinant human TSH (rhTSH). The aim of our study was to compare the relative efficacy and side effect profile of rhTSH versus THW preparation for RAI therapy of metastatic DTC. METHODS Fifty-six patients (31 women and 25 men) with RAI-avid distant metastases of DTC treated with either rhTSH-aided (n=15) or THW-aided RAI (n=41) and followed for 72±36.2 months were retrospectively analyzed. The groups were comparable in regard to mean size of target lesions (rhTSH vs. THW 6.4 vs. 4.8 cm, p=0.41), mean baseline thyroglobulin level (6995 vs. 5544 ng/mL, p=0.83), distribution of micronodular and macronodular pulmonary metastases (67% vs. 63%, p=0.54, 13% vs. 15% p=0.64, respectively), osseous (53% vs. 29%, p=0.09), brain (0% vs. 2%, p=0.73), and liver/kidney metastases (13% vs. 2%, p=0.61). Patients in the rhTSH group were older (rhTSH vs. THW mean 62 vs. 49 years, p=0.01), and received lower cumulative RAI dose (256 vs. 416 mCi, p=0.03), which was more frequently based on dosimetric calculations (80% vs. 46%, p=0.024). Responses to treatment were based on RECIST 1.1 criteria. RESULTS Adjusted by age rates of complete response (CR), stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD), and progression free survival (PFS) were not different between the groups (rhTSH vs. THW CR hazard ratio [HR] 0.97, 95% CI 0.08-11.42, p=0.982; SD HR 3.22, 95% CI 0.79-13.18, p=0.104, PD HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.52-1.26, p=0.094; PFS HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.14-1.23, p=0.112). The only independent risk factor for nonresponding to treatment and presentation with PD was age (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.11, p=0.008). Age was also an independent factor affecting PFS (HR 1.04 for each year, 95% CI 1.02-1.07, p=0.001). Rates of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, xerostomia, and restrictive pulmonary disease after RAI were not significantly different (rhTSH vs. THW 30% vs. 28%, p=0.61, 10% vs. 0%, p=0.37, 0% vs. 12%, p=0.20, 0% vs. 2%, p=0.73, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Patients with metastatic DTC prepared with rhTSH achieve comparable benefit of RAI therapy as those treated after THW.