Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Girdlestone arthroplasty for infected total hip arthroplasty.

Results of a previous study of 21 patients who underwent conversion of infected total hip arthroplasties to Girdlestone resection arthroplasties suggested that Girdlestone resection arthroplasty provides a functionally poor salvage technique and is often painful. The present study was undertaken to assess further the salvage value of Girdlestone arthroplasties for the treatment of infected total hips. Fourteen additional cases were reviewed, summarizing the clinical experience of the past three years. These more recent data support the conclusion that resection arthroplasty provides a poor functional result when used as a salvage procedure following removal of infected total hip components. Of the 14 patients reviewed, only one obtained an acceptable functional result. The initial 21 patients studied were re-reviewed to obtain further follow-up data. The functional results obtained were essentially unchanged and are comparable with those from the series of 14 patients reviewed in this study. In some cases of infected total hip arthroplasty, resection arthroplasty is the best method of treatment available, but the results are often far from ideal. Direct or indirect prothesis exchange is an alternative in some cases. Total hip arthroplasty should not be recommended for the young patient who has one or two joint diseases and no limiting systemic factors, with the expectation that when the total hip fails, it can be converted to a resection arthroplasty and the patient improved as compared with the pre-total hip status. It may be wiser to utilize another procedure, e.g., fusion, resection arthroplasty, or osteotomy, primarily, and then revise to a total hip, if necessary, when the patient is older.
Root lengths in the permanent teeth of 45,X females

Abstract Objective. Studies in permanent and deciduous tooth crowns and permanent tooth roots in individuals with sex chromosome anomalies and in their relatives have given proof that the X chromosome affects enamel formation, root length and crown and root morphology. The present research studies the effects of sex chromosome deficiency on the development of permanent tooth root. Materials and methods. This research investigated tooth root lengths in a group of 97 45,X females. As controls there were 32 sisters and 28 mothers of the 45,X females, 45 female and 42 male population controls and 15 45,X/46,XX females from the KVANTTI research project. Tooth root lengths on both sides of the jaws were measured from panoramic radiographs in each acceptable instance. Results. The results showed significantly shorter tooth root lengths in the 45,X females than in the female and male controls in all teeth measured, whereas in the female relatives tooth root lengths were shifted towards the aneuploids in relation to that in the general population. The tooth root lengths in the 45,X females differed more from those found in their sisters than in their mothers. Conclusions. These results with the large pure sample size of the whole dentitions in patients with monosomy X confirm the earlier findings of short tooth roots in 45,X females. The fact that in most instances there were no significant differences in tooth root lengths between 45,X and 45,X/46,XX females comes close to the earlier findings regarding mesio-distal tooth crown sizes.
Diet, lifestyle and chronic widespread pain: results from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between diet and lifestyle, and chronic widespread pain (CWP). If persons with CWP have dietary and lifestyle habits consistent with an increased risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease, it may partially explain evidence in the literature suggesting an association between CWP and these diseases. METHODS The 1958 British Birth Cohort Study comprises individuals born in England, Scotland and Wales in the United Kingdom during one week in March 1958. At 45 years of age, pain was recorded using a self-completion questionnaire. CWP was classified using the American College of Rheumatology definition for fibromyalgia. Data were collected on diet and lifestyle at 33 and 42 years of age. RESULTS A total of 8572 participants provided pain data at 45 years of age, of whom 12% reported CWP. Women with CWP, compared with those without, reported an unhealthy diet (ie, fruit⁄vegetable consumption less than once per week [OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.1], and fatty food [OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.7] and chips (french fries) [OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.0 to 2.4] at least once per day) that may have predisposed them to other chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Women with CWP were also more likely to be unemployed (adjusted OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8), to have had high physical exertion at work (adjusted OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.2) and elevated body mass index (overweight - adjusted OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.9; obese - adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.5). Similar relationships between lifestyle (but not diet) and the risk of CWP were identified in men. CONCLUSIONS The findings for smoking, body mass index and (for women) diet offer support for the hypothesis that lifestyle factors may partially explain the association between CWP and cancer or cardiovascular disease. Prospective studies are necessary to confirm this relationship.
The Transcription Factors Sp1, Sp3, and AP-2 Are Required for Constitutive Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Gene Expression in Astroglioma Cells*

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that contribute to pathological conditions associated with angiogenesis and tumor invasion. MMP-2 is highly expressed in human astroglioma cells, and contributes to the invasiveness of these cells. The human MMP-2 promoter contains potential cis-acting regulatory elements including cAMP response element-binding protein, AP-1, AP-2, PEA3, C/EBP, and Sp1. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis analysis of the MMP-2 promoter demonstrates that the Sp1 site at −91 to −84 base pairs and the AP-2 site at −61 to −53 base pairs are critical for constitutive activity of this gene in invasive astroglioma cell lines. Electrophoretic gel shift analysis demonstrates binding of specific DNA-protein complexes to the Sp1 and AP-2 sites: Sp1 and Sp3 bind to the Sp1 site, while the AP-2 transcription factor binds the AP-2 element. Co-transfection expression experiments inDrosophilia SL2 cells lacking endogenous Sp factors demonstrate that Sp1 and Sp3 function as activators of the MMP-2 promoter and synergize for enhanced MMP-2 activation. Overexpression of AP-2 in AP-2-deficient HepG2 cells enhances MMP-2 promoter activation. These findings document the functional importance of Sp1, Sp3, and AP-2 in regulating constitutive expression of MMP-2. Delineation of MMP-2 regulation may have implications for development of new therapeutic strategies to arrest glioma invasion.
Five-Year Experience with the Transoral Endoscopically Assisted Treatment of Displaced Condylar Mandible Fractures

Background: From April of 1998 to May of 2003, the minimally invasive transoral approach for endoscopically assisted reduction and osteosynthesis of 62 displaced condylar mandible fractures was performed in 58 patients. Methods: By means of limited transoral incision, the endoscopically assisted reduction and fixation of condylar fractures was performed using 30- and 45-degree angled endoscopes. Twenty-five fractures were condylar and 37 were subcondylar. The condylar neck of the proximal fragment was displaced medially in 17 fractures and laterally in 45 fractures. Four patients presented bilateral condylar mandible fractures. Using angled endoscopes, good visibility of the fracture site was obtained, which allowed for precise anatomical reduction in all patients. An angulated drill and screwdriver facilitated miniplate fixation by means of the transoral approach. The mean operating time was measured in the last 30 consecutive cases: 1 hour 5 minutes. Results: Postoperatively, all patients showed quick recovery to preinjury occlusion. Normal temporomandibular joint function was noted 6 months after surgery in all patients. Conclusions: The transoral endoscopically assisted treatment using an angulated drill and screwdriver is the method of choice for surgical management of displaced condylar fractures, even in fractures with medial override. Facial nerve injury and visible scars are avoided by using the transoral approach.
Childbirth and Female Sexual Function Later in Life

OBJECTIVE: To examine relationships among parity, mode of delivery, and other parturition-related factors with women's sexual function later in life. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires examined sexual desire, activity, satisfaction, and problems in a multiethnic cohort of women aged 40 years and older with at least one past childbirth event. Trained abstractors obtained information on parity, mode of delivery, and other parturition-related factors from archived records. Multivariable regression models examined associations with sexual function controlling for age, race or ethnicity, partner status, diabetes, and general health. RESULTS: Among 1,094 participants, mean (standard deviation) age was 56.3 (±8.7) years, 568 (43%) were racial or ethnic minorities (214 African American, 171 Asian, and 183 Latina), and 963 (88%) were multiparous. Fifty-six percent (n=601) reported low sexual desire; 53% (n=577) reported less than monthly sexual activity, and 43% (n=399) reported low overall sexual satisfaction. Greater parity was not associated with increased risk of reporting low sexual desire (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.08, confidence interval [CI] 0.96–1.21 per each birth), less than monthly sexual activity (adjusted OR 1.05, CI 0.93–1.20 per each birth), or low sexual satisfaction (adjusted OR 0.96, CI 0.85–1.09 per each birth). Compared with vaginal delivery alone, women with a history of cesarean delivery were not significantly more likely to report low desire (adjusted OR 0.71, CI 0.34–1.47), less than monthly sexual activity (adjusted OR 1.03, CI 0.46–2.32), or low sexual satisfaction (adjusted OR 0.57, CI 0.26–1.22). Women with a history of operative-assisted delivery were more likely to report low desire (adjusted OR 1.38, CI 1.04–1.83). CONCLUSIONS: Among women with at least one childbirth event, parity and mode of delivery are not major determinants of sexual desire, activity, or satisfaction later in life. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Molecular characterization of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and identification of new drug targets.

19 Background: NEPC is an aggressive variant of prostate cancer that can arise de novo or from existing prostate adenocarcinoma (PCA). We sought to better understand the molecular transformation of NEPC and identify new drug targets. METHODS We used Next Generation RNA sequencing and oligonucleotide arrays to profile 7 NEPC, 30 PCA, 5 benign prostate (BEN), and validated findings on tumors from a large cohort of patients (30 NEPC, 118 PCA, 30 BEN) using IHC and FISH. Functional studies were performed using NCI-H660 (NEPC), VCaP and LnCaP (PCA), RWPE (BEN). RESULTS ERG rearrangement was present in 47% of NEPC, but ERG protein expression was absent and corresponded directly with lack of AR expression. 936/25932 genes were differentially expressed in NEPC versus PCA (P<0.001). Aurora kinases (AURKA, AURKB) and N-myc (MYCN) were overexpressed in NEPC (P<0.001) and AURKA and MYCN amplified. Using IHC and FISH, we validated these findings on a large cohort and found majority (>80%) of NEPC showed Aurora overexpression, 35% had AURKA and MYCN amplification. A small subset of PCA (5%) and no BEN were positive. Transfection of MYCN induced AURKA expression and kinase activity in vitro, and MYCN or AURKA could induce expression of neuroendocrine (NE) markers (SYP, NSE). After validating NCI-H660 as model of NEPC, we observed dramatic and enhanced in vitro and in vivo sensitivity to the Aurora kinase inhibitor PHA-739358 in NCI-H660 compared to minimal to no effect in LnCaP and VCaP. Phospho-H3 expression, a downstream marker of Aurora kinase activity, was inhibited in the treated NCI-H660 and not in PCA. Notably, NE marker expression was also suppressed in the treated NCI-H660 xenografts, again supporting a role of Aurora kinase in modulating the NE phenotype. CONCLUSIONS There is likely clonal origin of NEPC from PCA (with ERG fusion positivity seen in both), but ERG expression is limited to PCA and driven by AR signaling. We discovered significant overexpression and gene amplification of Aurora kinases and N-myc in NEPC and a small subset of PCA, and evidence that that they cooperate and induce a NE phenotype in prostate cells. In vitro and in vivo data confirms that these are novel drug targets for NEPC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Detecting Inconsistent Responding on the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Form

The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory–Short Form (YPI-S) is a convenient measure for assessing psychopathy in settings with constraints on resources. However, the YPI-S does not contain a means of detecting careless or random response styles. The present study describes the development and evaluation of an inconsistent responding scale for the YPI-S using five archival samples that vary in language (English, German, Italian, Dutch) and other participant characteristics (juvenile offenders, adolescent students). Inconsistency scores resulting from the new scale effectively distinguished genuine participant responses from randomly generated cases (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = .85-.90) and from cases in which 50% of original responses were replaced with random data (AUC = .75-.82). The associations between the YPI-S and theoretically relevant correlates were reduced among participants exceeding proposed cutoff scores for profile validity compared with associations among more consistent respondents.
A Magnetic Tank System for Wireless Power Transfer

This letter presents a tank system for wireless power transfer with magnetically coupled resonance. It contains two interconnected transmitting resonant coils placed perpendicular to each other and forms a magnetic resonant tank. Due to the combined effects of these two transmitting coils, there will always be magnetic flux that goes through the receiver regardless of axial misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver. The transfer efficiency thus improves and becomes less sensitive to axial misalignment than the conventional system. A prototype is fabricated on FR4 printed circuit boards and tested. Both the simulation and test results show that the proposed system can enhance power transfer performances over a relatively good distance and a large range of misalignment angles. The receiver is functional even when it is perpendicular to the transmitter. Therefore, the proposed system can serve as a good candidate for applications such as wireless power supply to underwater motors.
Open partial nephrectomy for entirely intraparenchymal tumors: a matched case-control study of oncologic outcome and complication rate

ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the oncologic and clinical outcomes for open partial nephrectomy (OPN) performed in patients with entirely intraparenchymal tumors versus case-matched controls, with exophytic lesions. Material and methods Patients having undergone OPN between 2007 and 2012 were investigated. Exclusion criteria included patients with a benign tumor, advanced malignancy, malignancies other than renal cell carcinoma, end-stage renal failure, or 3 or more co-existing chronic diseases. Individuals with tumors that were invisible at the renal surface were identified, and then matched with 2 controls chosen for tumor size, pathology, age, follow-up period, and presence of a solitary kidney. Oncological status, perioperative, and postoperative data were collected and compared between groups. Results 17 individuals with entirely endophytic RCC tumors and available oncologic status were identified. For five patients, only one suitable control could be identified, bringing the control group number to 29. All tumors were clear cell carcinomas staged at pT1a. Median tumor size was 25mm for endophytic lesions, and 27mm for exophytic masses (P=0.32). The operative period was extended by 20 minutes for intrarenal tumors (P=0.03), with one case of a positive surgical margin in each group (P=0.7). There were no significant differences in perioperative or postoperative complications. Median follow-up was 47 and 43 months for patients with endophytic and exophytic tumors respectively. Disease recurrence was recorded in one patient after endophytic tumor resection, and in four controls (P=0.4). Conclusions OPN shows equivalent safety and efficacy for both intrarenal RCC tumors and exophytic tumors of the same size and type.
Incorporating traditional and emerging biomarkers in the clinical management of metastatic colorectal cancer

The role of biomarker assessment in determining the best therapeutic options for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has become increasingly complex and important. Biomarkers that predict the efficacy and/or toxicity of such treatments can affect medical decision making, leading to decreased harm and/or costs associated with treatment and improvements in therapeutic outcomes for patients. This review discusses traditional and emerging biomarkers of potential clinical utility for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, current assays and methods used in clinical practice, technologies that have allowed the identification of new biomarkers and key considerations for oncologists and pathologists when determining appropriate biomarker evaluations to be undertaken for their patients.
Sporulation by Entomophthora schizophorae (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) from housefly cadavers and the persistence of primary conidia at constant temperatures and relative humidities.

The duration of discharge of Entomophthora schizophorae (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) conidia from house fly (Musca domestica, Diptera) cadavers was measured at 7, 18, and 25 degrees C. The higher the temperature, the shorter the duration of conidia discharge. Significantly more conidia were produced per cadaver at 7 degrees C over a period of 120 h than at 18 and 25 degrees C. At 25 degrees C, the initial discharge over the first 10 h was much larger than at the other temperatures, and at 7 degrees C, no peak in discharge was observed. The persistence of E. schizophorae primary conidia was measured on fabricated non-host surfaces typically found in stables (straw, wood, plaster, and glass) at 7, 18, and 25 degrees C or constant relative humidities of 45, 65, and 85%. Persistence, as measured by the subsequent ability to infect flies, was usually only a few days and depended on the temperature and type of surface. It was greatest on straw, followed by wood, glass, and plaster, and at 7 degrees C, followed by 18 and 25 degrees C. Limited transmission took place between flies exposed to conidia and previously unexposed mates.
Timing-dependent limbic-motor synaptic integration in the nucleus accumbens

The nucleus accumbens is a brain region in which limbic and motor inputs converge. How these information modalities shape accumbens output is not clearly understood. Here, we report that synaptic inputs from the prefrontal cortex and limbic structures interact differently depending on their timing. Coincident inputs may result in enhancing information flow through the nucleus accumbens. Responses to asynchronous inputs are affected by their relative order of arrival, with limbic inputs allowing subsequent prefrontal responses, and prefrontal inputs dampening limbic responses. These mechanisms allow for both coincidence detection and input selection in this integrative brain region.
PFKFB3 was overexpressed in gastric cancer patients and promoted the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and the prognosis is still very poor due to the lack of specific and sensitive biomarkers. Aerobic glycolysis is one of the critical hallmarks of gastric cancer cells, and several glycolytic enzymes are highly expressed in gastric cancer patients. However, the expression and clinical significances of phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase3 (PFKFB3, one of the glycolytic enzymes) in a large sample of gastric cancer patients remain unclear. METHODS The expression of PFKFB3 was detected in 134 gastric cancer patients by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analyses. The correlation between PFKFB3 expression and clinicopathological factors was analyzed by χ 2 test. In addition, we also analyzed whether the knockdown of PFKFB3 by siRNAs could inhibit the ability of gastric cancer cells (MGC-803 and AGS) to proliferate and migrate by MTT analysis and transwell analyses. RESULTS PFKFB3 was highly expressed in 81.3% (109/134) of gastric cancer patients. The overexpression of PFKFB3 was associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.045) and TNM stage (P = 0.033). Knockdown of PFKFB3 by siRNAs significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that PFKFB3 might be a potential biomarker for gastric cancer and anti-neoplastic targeting gene.
Cardiovascular and Endothelial Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation in Healthy Volunteers

Consumption of fish oil (FO) is associated with reduced adverse cardiovascular events. In a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 26 subjects (17 men and 9 women; mean age [± SD] 31 ± 3.7 years) received 1 g FO capsule (n = 14) or placebo (1 g of corn oil, n = 12) for 14 days. At day 0 and day 14, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (EDV), and endothelium-independent nitroglycerin-mediated vasodilation (EIDV) were assessed with ultrasound. FO supplementation resulted in a significant increase in EDV (20.4% ± 13.2% vs 9.9% ± 5.4%; P = .036) and EIDV (32.6% ± 16.8% vs 18.0% ± 14.9%; P = .043). Resting HR decreased by a mean of 5.9 ± 9.4 bpm (FO) compared with placebo (mean increase of 0.73 ± 4.8 bpm [P = .05]). FO supplementation in healthy subjects is associated with improved endothelial function and decreased resting HR.
JNK‐ and Rac1‐dependent induction of immediate early gene pip92 suppresses neuronal differentiation

The immediate early gene pip92 is rapidly and transiently induced by serum, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), nerve growth factor (NGF) and phobol ester, as well as various toxic stimuli. Rho GTPases, such as RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, have been implicated in both cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell cycle control. Rac1 and Cdc42 induce neurite outgrowth in many types of neuronal cells. A downstream effector of both Rac1 and Cdc42, p21‐activated kinase (Pak1), is highly enriched in neurons. In the present study, we examined the signal transduction pathways involved in pip92 induction, focusing on the involvement of Rho family guanosine 5′‐triphosphate (GTP)ases. We also examined the functional role of pip92 expression during FGF‐induced neuronal differentiation in embryonic hippocampal cells. Significant and robust activation of c‐Jun N‐terminal Kinase (JNK), Rac1 and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) appeared to be important for pip92 induction in response to bFGF. Transient transfection of kinase‐inactive MEKK7 or chemical inhibitors of JNK significantly decreased the activation of Rac1 by FGF. However, blockade of Rac1 did not affect JNK activity. Moreover, a MEK‐ERK blockade did not affect Rac1 activity. Activation of JNK and Rac1 induced Pak1 activity, which could then phosphorylate and activate transcription factor Elk1. Stimulation of Pak1‐dependent Elk1 was required for the bFGF‐induced activation of pip92. Suppression of endogenous pip92 expression by siRNA significantly enhanced bFGF‐induced neurite outgrowth, while the ectopic expression of pip92 suppressed the neurite extension. Taken together, these data suggest that neurogenic growth factor‐induced expression of pip92 is critical for the regulation of neuronal differentiation, occurring through the subsequent activation of Rac1, JNK, Pak1 and Elk1.