Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BPS Boojums in N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories II

We study 1/4 Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) composite solitons of vortex strings, domain walls and boojums in N=2 supersymmetric Abelian gauge theories in four dimensions. We obtain solutions to the 1/4 BPS equations with the finite gauge coupling constant. To obtain numerical solutions for generic coupling constants, we construct globally correct approximate functions which allow us to easily find fixed points of a gradient flow equations. We analytically/numerically confirm that the negative mass of a single boojum appearing at the end point of the vortex string on the logarithmically bent domain wall is equal to the half-mass of the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole. We examine various configurations and clarify how the shape of the boojum depends on the coupling constants and moduli parameters. We find a semi-local boojum with a size moduli which appears when the semi-local string ends on the domain wall. We introduce a magnetic scalar potential which offers an intuitive understanding that the end point of vortex string is the source of magnetic field. It can explain that height of the domain wall corresponds to the magnetic scalar potential, but also it gives a physical meaning to the scalar function appearing in the Taubes' equation for BPS Abrikosov-Nilsen-Olesen vortex. Dyonic solutions are also obtained. When the configuration is extended to the dyonic case, the domain wall becomes an electric capacitor storing electric charges on its skin and the boojum charge density becomes proportional to $\vec E \cdot \vec B$. We also find analytic solutions to the 1/4 BPS equations for specific values of the coupling constants. We study the composite solitons from the view points of the Nambu-Goto and Dirac-Born-Infeld actions, and find the semi-local BIon as the counterpart of the semi-local Boojum.
Lubricated revolute joints in rigid multibody systems

The main purpose of this work is to present a general methodology for modeling lubricated revolute joints in constrained rigid multibody systems. In the dynamic analysis of journal-bearings, the hydrodynamic forces, which include both squeeze and wedge effects, generated by the lubricant fluid, oppose the journal motion. The hydrodynamic forces are obtained by integrating the pressure distribution evaluated with the aid of Reynolds’ equation, written for the dynamic regime. The hydrodynamic forces built up by the lubricant fluid are evaluated from the system state variables and included into the equations of motion of the multibody system. Numerical examples are presented in order to demonstrate the use of the methodologies and procedures described in this work.
Acute Effect of MCRC on Selected Blood Parameters - A Placebo-controlled Acute Clinical Study

Acute clinical testing was performed on healthy human subjects to verify whether a single 150mg dose of a proprietary formula marketed under the trade name "Mitochroma TM ” (MCRC) can actually increase blood levels of ATP. Sera and blood were collected immediately prior to treatment and at times 30, 60, and 90 minutes after treatment to measure amounts of blood ATP, lactate, ROS, and pO2. Additionally, whole blood was collected at 270 minutes after treatment to measure expression of selected cytokines and chemokines. In comparison to the placebo group, samples collected from subjects treated with MCRC showed increased levels of total blood ATP by 12.5% on average and reduced levels of lactate up to 13%. Blood levels of ROS and pO2 were found unchanged under these experimental conditions. Analyses of blood collected at 270 minutes showed reduced levels of MCP-1 by up to 21%, and increased levels of Interferonalpha up to 16%. In summary, collected data shows that treatment with a single dose of MCRC resulted in an acute increase in blood levels of total blood ATP. These results justify further clinical studies on MCRC in order to determine the effects on a more narrowly selected subject population with reduced blood levels of ATP and increased blood levels of MCP-1.
Arbitrage under Power

When one knows the correct value of a tradable asset and the asset price diverges from that value, future convergence may present a good trading opportunity. However, the trader still has to decide when and how aggressively to open the position and when to close it. Michael Boguslavsky and Elena Boguslavskaya extend Andrew Morton’s model and give an elegant explicit solution. Although the model is very simple, some of the qualitative eects are non-trivial and quite realistic.
CARBON-ENHANCED METAL-POOR STARS IN THE INNER AND OUTER HALO COMPONENTS OF THE MILKY WAY

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars in the halo components of the Milky Way are explored, based on accurate determinations of the carbon-to-iron ([C/Fe]) abundance ratios and kinematic quantities for over 30,000 calibration stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Using our present criterion that low-metallicity stars exhibiting [C/Fe] ratios (“carbonicity”) in excess of [C/Fe] =+0.7 are considered CEMP stars, the global frequency of CEMP stars in the halo system for [Fe/H] <−1.5 is 8%, for [Fe/H] <−2.0 it is 12%, and for [Fe/H] <−2.5 it is 20%. We also confirm a significant increase in the level of carbon enrichment with declining metallicity, growing from 〈[C/Fe]〉 ∼+1.0 at [Fe/H] =−1.5 to 〈[C/Fe]〉 ∼+1.7 at [Fe/H] =−2.7. The nature of the carbonicity distribution function (CarDF) changes dramatically with increasing distance above the Galactic plane, |Z|. For |Z| <5 kpc, relatively few CEMP stars are identified. For distances |Z| >5 kpc, the CarDF exhibits a strong tail toward high values, up to [C/Fe] > +3.0. We also find a clear increase in the CEMP frequency with |Z|. For stars with −2.0 < [Fe/H] <−1.5, the frequency grows from 5% at |Z| ∼2 kpc to 10% at |Z| ∼10 kpc. For stars with [Fe/H] <−2.0, the frequency grows from 8% at |Z| ∼2 kpc to 25% at |Z| ∼10 kpc. For stars with −2.0 < [Fe/H] <−1.5, the mean carbonicity is 〈[C/Fe]〉 ∼+1.0 for 0 kpc < |Z| < 10 kpc, with little dependence on |Z|; for [Fe/H] <−2.0, 〈[C/Fe]〉 ∼+1.5, again roughly independent of |Z|. Based on a statistical separation of the halo components in velocity space, we find evidence for a significant contrast in the frequency of CEMP stars between the inner- and outer-halo components—the outer halo possesses roughly twice the fraction of CEMP stars as the inner halo. The carbonicity distribution also differs between the inner-halo and outer-halo components—the inner halo has a greater portion of stars with modest carbon enhancement ([C/Fe] ∼+0.5]); the outer halo has a greater portion of stars with large enhancements ([C/Fe] ∼+2.0), although considerable overlap still exists. We interpret these results as due to the possible presence of additional astrophysical sources of carbon production associated with outer-halo stars, beyond the asymptotic giant-branch source that may dominate for inner-halo stars, with implications for the progenitors of these populations.
The structure of metrical patterns in tunes and in literary verse. Evidence from discrepancies between musical and linguistic rhythm in Italian songs

Abstract A first exploration of acceptable and unacceptable discrepancies between linguistic and musical rhythm in Italian songs has uncovered two kinds of discrepancies which do not have counterparts in literary verse: durational discrepancies between adjacent syllables and stress-beat misalignments that involve nonadjacent syllables. The latter type is explored in greater detail than the former. Our survey suggests that analogous misalignments are in principle impossible in literary verse composed in accentual or accentual-syllabic meters, because, on the one hand, the abstract metrical templates that characterize such meters are not anchored in measured time, and, on the other hand, they do not recognize more than two degrees of metrical prominence.
Testing of vacuum pumps for APT/LEDA RFQ

Two vacuum systems were designed and built for the RFQ (Radio Frequency Quadrupole) cavity in the APT/LEDA (Low Energy Demonstration Accelerator) linac. The gas load from the proton beam required very high hydrogen pump speed and capacity, The gas load from the high power RF windows also required very high hydrogen pump speed for the RF window vacuum system. Cryopumps were chosen for the RFQ vacuum system and ST185 sintered nonevaporable getter (NEG) cartridges were chosen for the RF window vacuum system. Hydrogen pump speed and capacity measurements were carried out for a commercial cryopump and a NEG pump. This paper will discuss the test procedures and the results of the measurements.
Research in Writing: Past, Present, and Future.

To support arguments for an integrative approach to the study of writing, this report summarizes past and current trends in writing research and the resulting implications. The introduction discusses pre-1970s, 1970s, and 1980s research trends, noting that current research focuses on the context in which writing takes place and points out the benefits of building a social cognitive theory of writing. The first section, containing a review of relevant research, begins with a section on the uses of writing, stressing the notion of "communicative competence" as the individual's knowledge of appropriate uses of language in varied social contexts. This section also looks at the direction of current research, literacy communities, and the evaluation of written language. The second section of the literature review examines the nature of writing, and includes information on current research trends, possible new directions in research and their implications, writing processes and products, the role of technology, and individual differences in composing strategies. The third section of the report examines the acquisition of writing skills, with subsections on current research trends, the connection between writing and learning, the role of adults and peers, computer responses to writing, and new directions in research. The final section of the report suggests areas for future research. Twenty-one pages of references are included. (JC) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************x**** Center for the Study of Writing U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Once of Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it C. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction duality Points of view or opinions stated in this docu meat do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy University of California, Berkeley Carnegie Mellon University 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE
Reduction of Titania-Ferrous Ore by Carbon Monoxide

The reduction of titania-ferrous ore (ironsand) containing 57.2 wt% of iron and 7-8wt% of TO 2 was investigated in non-isothermal and isothermal reduction experiments using CO-CO 2 -Ar gas mixtures in a laboratory fixed bed reactor. Samples in the course of reduction were characterised using XRD, EPMA and SEM. Two types of particles were identified in ironsand: 1) homogeneous particles of titano-magnetite with cubic spinel structure (a major type); and 2) non-homogeneous particles, characterised by lamellar structure of rhombohedral titano-hematite, exsoluted from the titano-magnetite. Titano-magnetite, which is a magnetite-ulvospinel solid solution (Fe 3 O 3 ) 1-x (Fe 2 TiO 4 ) x , with x=0.27±0.02, was reduced to metallic iron and titanium sub-oxides. Titanium had a strong effect on the mechanism and rate of reduction of iron oxide in ironsand.
Domain specificity of disgust on political ideology in Australia

Disgust can influence the way we make judgments about political issues. Most research has measured a general perspective of disgust, rather than examining its domain specificity. The aim of this study was to undertake a domain specific investigation of this relationship. This was done by analysing changes to specific socio-political views that occurred as a result of experimental manipulation of the three disgust factors; core, contamination and animal-reminder. Participants were 136 male (n = 26) and female (n = 109) University of Tasmania undergraduate students aged between 17 and 61 years. Participants first completed the Australian Political Ideology Scale (APIS) online. A week later, the same participants were shown 10 pictures depicting either core disgust, contamination disgust, animal reminder disgust or a neutral mood, then completed the APIS again. The elicitation of contamination disgust caused a significant increase in conservative views across APIS scores (p = .018) while core and animal-reminder disgusts did not show effects. These findings suggest the effect of disgust on political ideology may be domain specific. This research is the first of its kind in an Australian population and contributes meaningful results to a growing field. Substantiation of these results in larger and international samples is justified.
Investing into microfinance

Abstract This paper investigates investment performance of microfinance investment funds. The examined funds have recorded lower total risk than global stocks and bonds (measured by four benchmark indices) with moderate but stable returns. The analysis revealed that investment in microfinance investment funds that focus especially on debt instruments represents an attractive opportunity for the portfolio diversification as this asset class does not show any positive correlation with global or emerging capital markets. At the same time, it provides adequate risk‐adjusted returns and may be therefore attractive not only for investors with a particular interest in the socially responsible aspect of investment into microfinance.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE & PERFORMANCE SECTION 3 THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON MARKET CAPITALIZATION : EVIDENCE FROM BAHRAIN BOURSE

Our study is based on the “Agency Theory”, as it interprets the relationship between corporate governance and market capitalization of firms listed in Bahrain Bourse (BB). Longitudinal data is used in this study from 36 listed firms in Bahrain Bourse during the period of 2009-2013. A set of econometric methods, including the fixed effects method, is used to overcome different measurement problems of such relationship. The study findings include a set of results that are related to effect of ownership structure and board of directors’ characteristics on market capitalization of firms. Based on these findings, a set of recommendations, along with study limitations and future research, are put forward.
What happens when the ocean is overheated? The foraminiferal response across the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum at the Alamedilla section (Spain)

The global warming and major perturbation of the global carbon cycle that occurred during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) have been investigated in the lower bathyal–upper abyssal Alamedilla section (Spain). Geochemical anomalies and dramatic faunal changes (including the globally recognized extinction event of deep-sea benthic foraminifera and the rapid evolutionary turnover of planktic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils) are associated with the PETM at Alamedilla. Biotic changes in the plankton and benthos indicate environmental instability ∼11–14 k.y. before the onset of carbon isotope excursion that marks the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. The reorganization of the planktic ecosystem points to warm and oligotrophic conditions in surface waters during the earliest Eocene, whereas faunal and geochemical data indicate that the extinctions of benthic foraminifera occurred over an interval with a high CaCO3 content and oxic conditions at the seafloor. The proliferation of disaster taxa ( Glomospira spp.) after the extinctions has been related to a potential source of isotopically light carbon in the western Tethys and North Atlantic. Significant changes in foraminiferal test size are documented across the PETM. We suggest that increased temperatures played an important role in benthic foraminiferal test size, increasing their metabolic rates and, consequently, their food requirements. Decreased planktic foraminiferal test size may be related to decreased nutrient availability or surface-water density. However, the differences in test size evolution among different species of both benthic and planktic foraminifera may be related to interspecific competition and ecological adaptations to direct or indirect consequences of the carbon addition during the PETM.
Visual search behaviour during laparoscopic cadaveric procedures

Laparoscopic surgery provides a very complex example of medical image interpretation. The task entails: visually examining a display that portrays the laparoscopic procedure from a varying viewpoint; eye-hand coordination; complex 3D interpretation of the 2D display imagery; efficient and safe usage of appropriate surgical tools, as well as other factors. Training in laparoscopic surgery typically entails practice using surgical simulators. Another approach is to use cadavers. Viewing previously recorded laparoscopic operations is also a viable additional approach and to examine this a study was undertaken to determine what differences exist between where surgeons look during actual operations and where they look when simply viewing the same pre-recorded operations. It was hypothesised that there would be differences related to the different experimental conditions; however the relative nature of such differences was unknown. The visual search behaviour of two experienced surgeons was recorded as they performed three types of laparoscopic operations on a cadaver. The operations were also digitally recorded. Subsequently they viewed the recording of their operations, again whilst their eye movements were monitored. Differences were found in various eye movement parameters when the two surgeons performed the operations and where they looked when they simply watched the recordings of the operations. It is argued that this reflects the different perceptual motor skills pertinent to the different situations. The relevance of this for surgical training is explored.
Ju n 20 04 Semiclassical analysis for the Kramers-Fokker-Planck equation

We study some accurate semiclassical resolvent estimates for operators that are neither selfadjoint nor elliptic, and applications to the Cauchy problem. In particular we get a precise description of the spectrum near the imaginary axis and precise resolvent estimates inside the pseudo-spectrum. We apply our results to the Kramers-Fokker-Planck operator.
Some projective surfaces of GK-dimension 4

Abstract We construct an interesting family of connected graded domains of Gel’fand–Kirillov dimension 4, and show that the general member of this family is noetherian. The algebras we construct are Koszul and have global dimension 4. They fail to be Artin–Schelter Gorenstein, however, showing that a theorem of Zhang and Stephenson for dimension 3 algebras does not extend to dimension 4. The Auslander–Buchsbaum formula also fails to hold for these algebras. The algebras we construct are birational to ℙ2, and their existence disproves a conjecture of the first author and Stafford. The algebras can be obtained as global sections of a certain quasicoherent graded sheaf on ℙ1×ℙ1, and our key technique is to work with this sheaf. In contrast to all previously known examples of birationally commutative graded domains, the graded pieces of the sheaf fail to be ample in the sense of Van den Bergh. Our results thus require significantly new techniques.
Institutional, nominal and real convergence in Europe

The purpose of this paper is to assess nominal and real convergence within the EU countries; both processes have been largely shaped by the advances in institutional integration. The review section provides a theoretical framework to investigate the manifold links between real, nominal and institutional convergence. After a descriptive analysis of sigma-convergence of selected real variables, in order to econometrically investigate how the process of institutional integration has affected real convergence, we have computed (and included in the regressions) an “ad hoc” integration index, which takes into account the progressive steps toward closer integration followed by EU countries. The empirical results – concerning the EU-27 countries (mostly for the period of 1990-2007) – show that in EMU countries real convergence is well established in terms of productivity, labor market indicators, output correlations; only the pattern of convergence in economic structures is not so clear. On the other hand, the New Members have shown a generalized catching-up in terms of productivity, but some difficulties in respecting nominal conditions; moreover, possible concerns refer to the still different specializations and consequently low output correlations. Moreover, in a specific section there is an examination of the impact of the recent financial and economic crisis that has caused not only greater instability and deteriorated real performances, but also “divergence” in key nominal and real variables. Some policy solutions to cope with the post-crisis uncertain scenario are finally discussed.
Viewers' Contributions to a Photograph.

Five different ways that viewers conceptualize and take stances toward a photograph are identified from a study that involved 384 written responses to a photograph. Subjects included 63 faculty members from Queensland (Australia) Institute of Technology, 80 school teachers, 67 photographers, and 174 12-year-olds. In focus group discussions, 25 college students discussed a particular photograph. Each viewer brought personal experiences and expectations to create a personal response. The following categories or stances were identified: (1) observation, (2) interpretation, (3) personal memories, (4) participation, and (5) intrusion of the communication medium. Viewers normally took at least two stances, but generally did not take all five, although all stances were included in group discussions. The combination of several stances creates a depth of meaning beyond the initial understanding. (Contains 8 references.)
FEEDING HABITS OF THE COMMON THRESHER SHARK (ALOPIAS VULPINUS) SAMPLED FROM THE CALIFORNIA-BASED DRIFT GILL NET FISHERY, 1998-1 999

The diet of common thresher shark (Alopius vulpinus) from US. Pacific Coast waters was investigated by means of frequency of occurrence, gravimetric and numerical methods, and calculating the geometric index of importance (GII) of prey taxa taken from stoniachs collected by fishery observers from the California-based drift gill net fishery. Sampling was done from 16 August 1998 to 24 January 1999, a time when the California Current was undergoing rapid change from El Niiio to La Niiia conhtions. Of the 165 stomachs examined, 107 contained food representing a total of 20 taxa, revealing a broader trophic spectrum than previously reported for this species. Of the identifiable items, northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) was the most important in the diet (GI1 = 48.2), followed by Pacific hake (Merluccius productus; GI1 = 31.2), Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus; GI1 = 24.8), and Pacific sardine (Savdinops sagax; GI1 = 9.2). Of the invertebrates, squid (Teuthoidea, including Loligo opalescenr; GI1 = 6.3), and pelagic red crab (Pleuroncodes planipes; GI1 = 6.6), were also important, especially numerically. For sharks collected north of 34% latitude, hake was the most important identifiable species in the diet; northern anchovy was most important in the south, but was not identified in stomachs collected north of Point Conception.