Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of PCNA and Mutant p53 Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of p53, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Sixty pathologic specimens from the patients with LSCC were examined for the expression of the p53 and PCNA, with complete follow-up data. Sixty-three percent of the cases displayed nuclear p53 overexpression. There was a correlation between p53 overexpression and histological grades (p = 0.03), and localization site (p = 0.05). Median of PCNA index was 42.2 (range 5.9 to 85.2). There was no difference between the p53 overexpression group and the normal group in proliferative activity determined by PCNA (p = 0.73). In univariate analyses, localization site, grade, stage, invasion pattern, lymph node status, were significant factors in estimating disease free survival (DFS). Grade was the most important factor affecting recurrence (p = 0.002). In multivariate analyses, grade was the only significant predictor for DFS (p = 0.001). Grade (p = 0.001) and invasion pattern (p = 0.03) were found to be significant predictors of overall survival. In conclusion, the histological grade was the most reliable important prognostic factor. Further studies are necessary to facilitate understanding of the mechanisms of laryngeal carcinogenesis.
Values, Perceived Risks and Benefits, and Acceptability of Nuclear Energy

We examined how personal values and perceptions of risks and benefits are associated with the acceptability of nuclear energy (NE). A theoretical model is tested in which beliefs about the risks and benefits of NE mediate the relationship between values and acceptability. The results showed that egoistic values are positively related to the perceived benefits and acceptability of NE. In contrast, altruistic and biospheric values were positively related to the perceived risks of NE. Although it has been argued that NE may help to combat climate change through lower CO2 emissions, these environmental benefits were not acknowledged by people with strong biospheric values. Furthermore, results confirmed that the more risks respondents perceived, the less they were inclined to accept NE. In contrast, the more a person believed that NE has beneficial consequences, the more acceptable NE was. Finally, as expected, perceived risks and benefits were found to partly mediate the relationship between personal values and acceptability. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Fabrication of Sensitivity Tunable Flexible Force Sensor via Spray Coating of Graphite Ink

Piezoresistive paper-based force sensors were fabricated utilizing the spray-deposition technique. This technique provided an excellent measure to control the deposited material layer thickness. The sensitivity of the paper sensor was greatly influenced by the thickness of the resistor layer. The paper sensor also exhibited anisotropic responses depending on the direction of the applied force.
Population synthesis of double neutron stars

Using the StarTrack binary population synthesis code we model the population of double neutron stars in the Galaxy. We include a detailed treatment of the spin evolution of each pulsar due to processes such as spin-down and spin-up during accretion events as well as magnetic field decay. We also model the spatial distribution of double neutron stars by including their natal kicks and subsequent propagation in the Galactic gravitational potential. This synthetic pulsar population is compared to the observed sample of double neutron stars taking into account the selection effects of detection in the radio band, to determine the most likely evolutionary parameters. With these parameters we determine the properties of the double neutron star binaries detectable in gravitational waves by the high-frequency interferometers LIGO and VIRGO. In particular, we discuss the distributions of chirp masses and mass ratios in samples selected by their radio or gravitational wave emission.
Advancing Evidence-Based Practice in Rural Nursing

The Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice is an organizational change model. Little research has been done using the model at rural hospitals. This pilot study examined evidence-based practice at a rural hospital. Data were collected pre and post staff development. Most nurses had limited prior understanding. At follow-up, they reported the need for ongoing support. The first steps of the Iowa Organizational Change Model, even after staff development, presented barriers.
Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel for recurrent/refractory NSCLC: A phase I study.

8060 Background: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a key cell-signaling cascade that is aberrantly activated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Everolimus (E), an mTOR inhibitor, is active as monotherapy for advanced NSCLC. Based on preclinical synergy between everolimus and docetaxel (D), we conducted a phase I and feasibility study with the combination. METHODS Patients with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC, progression following prior platinum-based chemotherapy and ECOG performance status (PS) of 0-2 were eligible. Sequential cohorts of patients were treated with increasing doses of D (day 1) and E (PO QD, days 1-19). Treatment cycles (C) were repeated every 3 weeks. A standard 'up and down' dose escalation scheme was utilized. The primary endpoint was determination of optimal dose of the two agents that can be administered in combination. RESULTS Twenty three patients were enrolled. Median age - 62 yrs; Females- 11; ECOG PS: 0-6; 1 -16; # of prior regimens: 1-12, 2-6, ≥3 -5. At dose level 1 (D- 60 mg/m2, E- 5mg), none of 6 patients had DLT. Four out of 12 patients at dose level 2 (D-75 mg/m2, E-5 mg) had fever with gr 3/4 neutropenia during cycle 1. At dose level 3 (D- 75 mg/m2, E- 7.5 mg), 2 of 3 pts had DLT (fever with neutropenia and grade 3 mucositis). Pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling was performed on days 1 (n=14), 8 (n=9), and 15 (n=10) of cycle 1. Mean E half-life (hr) on days 1, 8, and 15 were 9.66 (2-14), 12.6 (2.2-21.1), and 14.8 (2-21.2), respectively. E accumulation occurred and was greater than expected. In contrast to the mean predicted accumulation factor (R) based on AUC of 1.22 (1-1.44), actual R on day 8 and 15 were 1.78 (0.72-3.17) and 1.88 (0.37-3.3) respectively. Among 20 pts. evaluable for response, 1 had a partial response and 10 had disease stabilization. Six patients completed 6 cycles of combination therapy and continued on E as maintenance. CONCLUSIONS The recommended doses of docetaxel and everolimus that can be administered as a combination are 60 mg/m2 and 5 mg PO QD respectively. The PK characteristics of everolimus appear unaffected by co-administration with docetaxel. Promising anti-cancer activity was noted with clinical benefit in 55% of the pts. A phase II study has been initiated with the combination in refractory NSCLC. Supported by NCI 5 P01 CA116676. [Table: see text].
Learning local and global contexts using a convolutional recurrent network model for relation classification in biomedical text

The task of relation classification in the biomedical domain is complex due to the presence of samples obtained from heterogeneous sources such as research articles, discharge summaries, or electronic health records. It is also a constraint for classifiers which employ manual feature engineering. In this paper, we propose a convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) architecture that combines RNNs and CNNs in sequence to solve this problem. The rationale behind our approach is that CNNs can effectively identify coarse-grained local features in a sentence, while RNNs are more suited for long-term dependencies. We compare our CRNN model with several baselines on two biomedical datasets, namely the i2b2-2010 clinical relation extraction challenge dataset, and the SemEval-2013 DDI extraction dataset. We also evaluate an attentive pooling technique and report its performance in comparison with the conventional max pooling method. Our results indicate that the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on both datasets.
The role of carbohydrate metabolism in the regulation of milk production

Carbohydrate metabolism in the ruminant has several distinctive features. Within the reticulo-rumen (rumen) there is extensive degradation of soluble and insoluble carbohydrates to short-chain fatty acids (mainly acetic, propionic and butyric) and, with usual diets, only small quantities of soluble carbohydrate are available for hydrolysis and absorption in the small intestine. As a consequence, gluconeogenesis is a quantitatively more important process in the ruminant than in the non-ruminant and propionate is the major glucose precursor. There is evidence of metabolic adaptation to the restricted glucose supply and to the provision of acetate and butyrate as major alternative energy sources. A low activity of ATP citrate lyase in ruminant mammary and other tissues limits the utilization of glucose for fatty acid synthesis. Though there is no invariable block on glucose oxidation in the mammary gland, during lactation when demands for glucose for lactose synthesis are high, there are indications that under some circumstances glucose oxidation may be restricted (Smith & Taylor, 1977). Moreover, plasma glucose concentration in the ruminant is typically lower than in the non-ruminant, although the specific reasons for this are not clear. Because of the greater diversity of the products of carbohydrate digestion in the ruminant than in the simple-stomached animal the hormonal and neural responses to the ingestion of food may be more complex (to date they are less well defined) and the interactions bettween hormone release and substrate uptake and utilization modified (Bassett, 1975). The extent and nature of carbohydrate fermentation in the rumen also influences production of ATP and its use for microbial synthesis and the redox potential, and affects the amount of microbial protein passing to the abomasum and the degree of hydrogenation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids. In this article, the importance of the distinctive features of carbohydrate metabolism for the processes of milk synthesis and secretion will be examined both in terms of the metabolic details of the processes themselves and within the context of milk production in the intact animal.
Essential Oil and Volatile Components of the Genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae)

The flowering plant genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) contains the well-known medicinally valuable species Hypericum perforatum (common St. John's wort). Species of Hypericum contain many bioactive constituents, including proanthocyanins, flavonoids, biflavonoids, xanthones, phenylpropanes and naphthodianthrones that are characterized by their relative hydrophilicity, as well as acylphloroglucinols and essential oil components that are more hydrophobic in nature. A concise review of the scientific literature pertaining to constituents of Hypericum essential oils and volatile fractions is presented.
CHRONIC AND INTERVENTIONAL PAIN

Background: Perioperative management of patients on anticoagulant therapy prior to interventional pain procedures creates a challenge when balancing the risk of bleeding against thromboembolic events. Case Report: We report a case of epidural hematoma formation in the cervical spine following interlaminar epidural steroid injection in an elderly woman with chronic neck and arm pain, who was on clopidogrel therapy. Conclusions: This is the first reported case of hematoma formation immediately following an epidural steroid injection possibly associated with clopidogrel, even though established guidelines on the timing of the discontinuation of clopidogrel prior to the procedure were exceeded. Severe pain appears to be the first symptom of hematoma formation, and therefore immediate diagnostic workup and evacuation of hematoma are essential in preventing neurological damage. It may be advisable to carry out a test specific for clopidogrel such as the P2Y12 to ensure that there is no residual action on platelet aggregation function, particularly in patients who may be slowmetabolizers of clopidogrel. Caution is advised prior to administering analgesics with antiplatelet effects such as ketorolac.
INTERMEDIATION CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS OF BANKING IN INDONESIA

This paper analyzes the influence of ownership and specific characteristic of banks on the capital structure and the intermediation function of commercial banks in Indonesia. Using multivariate regression on bank level data of 2006-2009, the result shows the ownership structure, profitability, size, and management expense affect the bank capital structure, with a total effect of 50.14%. Towards the bank intermediation, with a total effect of 27.01%, the ownership structure, profitability, bank size, credit risk, expense management and capital structure influence the banks intermediation function. Keywords : Ownership structure, specific characteristic of bank, capital structure and bank intermediation function JEL Classification : G21, G32
Ecological divergence in the presence of gene flow in two closely related Oryza species (Oryza rufipogon and O. nivara)

Ecological divergence plays a prominent role in the process of speciation, but how divergence occurs in the face of gene flow is still less clear, and remains controversial among evolutionists. Here we investigated the nucleotide diversity, divergence and gene flow between Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon using sequences of seven chloroplast and nuclear loci. By analysing samples from 26 wild populations across the geographic ranges of the two species, we showed that both species were highly structured and O. rufipogon maintained a higher level of species‐wide diversity than O. nivara. Notably, phylogenetic, amova and FST analyses were unable to detect significant nucleotide differentiation between the two species. We estimated that the two species began to diverge at c. 0.16 million years ago. Our coalescent‐based simulations strongly rejected the simple isolation model of zero migration between species, but rather provided unambiguous evidence of bidirectional gene flow between species, particularly from O. rufipogon to O. nivara. Our simulations also indicated that gene flow was recurrent during the divergence process rather than arising from secondary contact after allopatric divergence. In conjunction with different morphological and life‐history traits and habitat preference in the two species, this study supports the hypothesis that these Oryza species are better treated as ecotypes that diverged quite recently and are still under the process of divergence. Importantly, we demonstrate the ecological divergence between O. rufipogon and O. nivara in the presence of significant gene flow, implying that natural selection plays a primary role in driving the divergence of the two Oryza species.
Critical Role of Dendritic Cells in T Cell Retention in the Interfollicular Region of Peyer’s Patches

Peyer’s patches (PPs) simultaneously initiate active and quiescent immune responses in the gut. The immunological function is achieved by the rigid regulation of cell distribution and trafficking, but how the cell distribution is maintained remains to be elucidated. In this study, we show that binding of stromal cell–derived lymphoid chemokines to conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) is essential for the retention of naive CD4+ T cells in the interfollicular region (IFR) of PPs. Transitory depletion of CD11chigh cDCs in mice rapidly impaired the IFR structure in the PPs without affecting B cell follicles or germinal centers, lymphoid chemokine production from stromal cells, or the immigration of naive T cells into the IFRs of PPs. The cDC-orchestrated retention of naive T cells was mediated by heparinase-sensitive molecules that were expressed on cDCs and bound the lymphoid chemokine CCL21 produced from stromal cells. These data collectively reveal that interactions among cDCs, stromal cells, and naive T cells are necessary for the formation of IFRs in the PPs.
A Study in vitro of the Abrasive Effect of the Tongue on Enamel and Dentine Softened by Acid Erosion

The palatal aspect of upper anterior teeth appears to be one site of predilection for erosion. This raises the question of whether abrasion of softened enamel and dentine by the tongue has a role in this process. The aim of this study in vitro was to determine whether enamel and dentine specimens licked by the tongue after exposure to acid lost more tissue than when exposed to acid alone. Flat enamel and dentine specimens were prepared from human third molars and taped to expose a window of tissue. Three groups of specimens were exposed to citric acid for 10 min followed by 60 s tongue licking, ultrasonication or immersion in water. Two further groups of enamel specimens were placed in a low erosive drink for 10 min with or without licking. At the end of 5, 10 and 15 treatment cycles tissue loss was measured by profilometry. Enamel loss was significantly greater with licking and ultrasonication compared to water immersion. Dentine loss was greater with licking and ultrasonication compared to water immersion, but differences only reached significance for ultrasonication. The low erosive drink produced one third of the citric acid erosion and licking had no effect. The results suggest that the tongue could exert an abrasive effect on dental tissues softened by erosion, thereby increasing the overall loss of tooth substance.
CD161 is a marker of all human IL‐17‐producing T‐cell subsets and is induced by RORC

We have previously shown that human Th17 lymphocytes are characterized by the selective expression of IL‐23 receptor (IL‐23R), CCR6, CD161, and the transcription factor retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor C (RORC), and originate from a CD161+CD4+ naïve T‐cell precursor in response to the combined activity of IL‐1β and IL‐23. We show here that not only CD4+TCRαβ+, but also CD8+TCRαβ+, CD4−CD8− TCRαβ+, and CD4−CD8− TCRγδ+ circulating lymphocytes that produce IL‐17 express the distinctive marker CD161 on their surface. In addition, we demonstrate that CD161 expression identifies CD8+ and CD4−CD8− umbilical cord blood T cells that already express RORC and IL‐23R mRNA and that can be induced to differentiate into IL‐17‐producing cells in the presence of IL‐1β and IL‐23. Finally, we provide evidence that umbilical cord blood naïve CD4+CD161− T cells, upon lentivirus‐mediated transduction with RORC2 can acquire the ability to express IL‐23R, IL‐1RI, and CD161, as well as to produce IL‐17. Taken together, these data allow to conclude that T‐cell subsets able to produce IL‐17, as well as precursors of IL‐17‐producing T cells, exhibit surface expression of CD161, and that this feature is at least in part RORC2‐dependent.
Scheduling and Pricing for Expected Ramp Capability in Real-Time Power Markets

Higher variable renewable generation penetrations are occurring throughout the world on different power systems. These resources increase the variability and uncertainty on the system which must be accommodated by an increase in the flexibility of the system resources in order to maintain reliability. Many scheduling strategies have been discussed and introduced to ensure that this flexibility is available at multiple timescales. To meet variability, that is, the expected changes in system conditions, two recent strategies have been introduced: time-coupled multi-period market clearing models and the incorporation of ramp capability constraints. To appropriately evaluate these methods, it is important to assess both efficiency and reliability. But it is also important to assess the incentive structure to ensure that resources asked to perform in different ways have the proper incentives to follow these directions, which is a step often ignored in simulation studies. We find that there are advantages and disadvantages to both approaches. We also find that look-ahead horizon length in multi-period market models can impact incentives. This paper proposes scheduling and pricing methods that ensure expected ramps are met reliably, efficiently, and with associated prices based on true marginal costs that incentivize resources to do as directed by the market. Case studies show improvements of the new method.
Empowerment and commitment perceptions of community/public health nurses and their tenure intention.

OBJECTIVE A descriptive, nonexperimental study of community/public health nurses' (C/PHN) perceptions of their work and their workplace was conducted for the purpose of identifying factors that may affect tenure intention and, by extension, health care delivery, at a time when nursing workforce capacity is in crisis, a subject not studied well among the C/PHN workforce. It was thought that findings would potentially contribute to decisions about curriculum development, hiring practices, and work design by nurse educators, leaders, and administrators. Spreitzer's Theory of Structural and Psychological Empowerment and Meyer and Allen's Commitment theory were utilized together as a framework. DESIGN AND SAMPLE A paper-pen survey was mailed to 688 C/PHNs in 10 states seeking national accreditation serving in community-oriented and population-focused roles and selected randomly in local health departments with a census of 10 or more eligible nurses. The return of 478 completed surveys yielded a response rate of 76%. MEASURES Data were examined with descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple logistic regression methods. RESULTS Results revealed 1/3 of C/PHNs were in some way considering leaving the job in spite of significant relationships among empowerment factors and between empowerment and commitment factors. CONCLUSIONS These data beg for a clearer understanding of C/PHNs' perceptions of empowerment and the reasons for intent to leave.
The chemical composition and biological activity of clove essential oil, Eugenia caryophyllata (Syzigium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): a short review

The essential oil extracted from the dried flower buds of clove, Eugenia caryophyllata L. Merr. & Perry (Myrtaceae), is used as a topical application to relieve pain and to promote healing and also finds use in the fragrance and flavouring industries. The main constituents of the essential oil are phenylpropanoids such as carvacrol, thymol, eugenol and cinnamaldehyde. The biological activity of Eugenia caryophyllata has been investigated on several microorganisms and parasites, including pathogenic bacteria, Herpes simplex and hepatitis C viruses. In addition to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal and antiviral activity, clove essential oil possesses antiinflammatory, cytotoxic, insect repellent and anaesthetic properties. This short review addresses the chemical composition and biological effects of clove essential oil, and includes new results from GC/MS analysis and a study of its antimicrobial activity against a large number of multi‐resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from dialysis biomaterials. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.