Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy with impulsive petit mal (Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy)

ABSTRACT – Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a special syndrome within the primary generalized epilepsies which is characterized clinically by irregular jerks of shoulders and arms (so‐called impulsive petit mal) after awakening and electroencephalographically by bilateral‐synchronous 4–6/s spike‐wave complexes, often in the form of multispike‐waves. The age of onset for this syndrome which occurs in 4–6% of all epilepsies is predominantly between 12 and 18 years. It mostly starts with isolated jerks which as a rule are soon followed by generalized tonic‐clonic seizures (TCS). Jerks and TCS are provoked by sleep deprivation and predominantly occur after awakening (awakening epilepsy). Sleep deprivation and photostimulation are also very efficient in provoking specific EEG patterns. Exogenous factors have no etiological significance. Genetic studies suggest a polygenetic mode of inheritance and a lower threshold of manifestation in women. JME can be controlled very well by valproate and/or primidone. A complete cure, nevertheless, does not seem to be possible. Within the group of primary generalized epilepsies beginning in adolescence JME is closely related nosologically to the syndrome of juvenile absences and the syndrome of pure grand mal on awakening.
The influences of depression and venlafaxine use at therapeutic doses on atrial conduction

Abstract Patients with depression have increases risk of cardiac mortality. Overdose with venlafaxine has been accused of supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and other cardiac effects. Discontinuous and inhomogeneous propagation of sinus impulses in atrium plays a major role in atrial fibrillation. We aimed to measure the effects of venlafaxine therapy on propagation of sinus impulses reflections in electrocardiography in depression. Eligible 19 participants were outpatients with depression. 75 mg/day dose of venlafaxine was administered to the patients. The patients were asked to complete both Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. 17 healthy participants enrolled in the study. The electrocardiography records were obtained while patients were drug naive and one week after treatment. The baseline durations of P minimum and P maximum in the patient group were significantly shorter than controls (p < 0,05). The differences between baseline and after venlafaxine therapy among electrocardiographical variables were statistically insignificant. There were no significant correlations between age, sex, body mass index, clinical inventories and electrocardiographical variables in both patients and controls. Autonomic dysregulation in myocardium is still inconclusive in depression. Venlafaxine at therapeutic dose of 75 mg/day does not seem to be associated with myocardial conduction dysregulation.
Effects of Hypnotizability on Performance of a Stroop Task and Event-Related Potentials

The effect of hypnotizability on verbal reaction times and event-related potentials during performance of a Stroop color-naming task was studied. The Stroop stimuli (colored words) were randomly presented to 5 high and 5 low hypnotizable subjects in the right and left peripheral visual fields during both waking state and hypnotic induction conditions. Unlike studies in which the Stroop stimuli were foveally presented to the subjects, the highly hypnotizable subjects did not show prolonged verbal reaction times in either waking or hypnotic conditions. There was a marked deterioration in performance accuracy, however, for highly hypnotizable subjects during hypnosis. Event-related potentials indicated that the highly hypnotizable subjects showed a reduced P3a amplitude and a decreased N2b latency to the visual stimuli in both waking and hypnotic conditions, suggesting a lack of orienting to or disengagement from peripherally occurring stimuli.
Visual Speech Recognition Using Weighted Dynamic Time Warping

SUMMARY It is unclear whether Hidden Markov Model (HMM) or Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) mapping is more appropriate for visual speech recognition when only small data samples are available. In this letter, the two approaches are compared in terms of sensitivity to the amount of training samples and computing time with the objective of determining the tipping point. The limited training data problem is addressed by exploiting a straightforward template matching via weighted-DTW. The proposed framework is a reﬁned DTW by adjusting the warping paths with judicially injected weights to ensure a smooth diagonal path for accurate alignment without added computational load. The proposed WDTW is evaluated on three databases (two in the public domain and one developed in-house) for visual recognition performance. Subsequent experiments indicate that the proposed WDTW signiﬁcantly enhances the recognition rate compared to the DTW and HMM based algorithms, especially under limited data samples. key words: visual speech recognition, lip reading
Cardiogenic Shock: The Main Cause of Mortality in Acute Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine ¦ Volume 21 ¦ Issue 4 ¦ April 2017 246 adhesion molecule-1, thrombospondin, and histidine-rich protein causing microcirculatory obstruction. [3] Disseminated intravascular coagulation is also a contributing factor in malaria-related SPG and is rarely associated with significant bleeding. [4] Management of SPG in malaria is supportive. There is no specific treatment for SPG per se and routine use of antiplatelets or anticoagulants is not indicated. The mortality rate of SPG is almost 35% and 70%–90% patients might need amputation after line of demarcation develops. [5]
Acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life threatening respiratory failure due to lung injury from a variety of precipitants. Pathologically ARDS is characterised by diffuse alveolar damage, alveolar capillary leakage, and protein rich pulmonary oedema leading to the clinical manifestation of poor lung compliance, severe hypoxaemia, and bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph. Several aetiological factors associated with the development of ARDS are identified with sepsis, pneumonia, and trauma with multiple transfusions accounting for most cases. Despite the absence of a robust diagnostic definition, extensive epidemiological investigations suggest ARDS remains a significant health burden with substantial morbidity and mortality. Improvements in outcome following ARDS over the past decade are in part due to improved strategies of mechanical ventilation and advanced support of other failing organs. Optimal treatment involves judicious fluid management, protective lung ventilation with low tidal volumes and moderate positive end expiratory pressure, multi-organ support, and treatment where possible of the underlying cause. Moreover, advances in general supportive measures such as appropriate antimicrobial therapy, early enteral nutrition, prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism and gastrointestinal ulceration are likely contributory reasons for the improved outcomes. Although therapies such as corticosteroids, nitric oxide, prostacyclins, exogenous surfactants, ketoconazole and antioxidants have shown promising clinical effects in animal models, these have failed to translate positively in human studies. Most recently, clinical trials with β2 agonists aiding alveolar fluid clearance and immunonutrition with omega-3 fatty acids have also provided disappointing results. Despite these negative studies, mortality seems to be in decline due to advances in overall patient care. Future directions of research are likely to concentrate on identifying potential biomarkers or genetic markers to facilitate diagnosis, with phenotyping of patients to predict outcome and treatment response. Pharmacotherapies remain experimental and recent advances in the modulation of inflammation and novel cellular based therapies, such as mesenchymal stem cells, may reduce lung injury and facilitate repair.
Epidemiological Assessment of Vesical Schistosomiasis in Bende Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria

A survey was carried out between January and July 2002 to determine the prevalence of vesical schistosomiasis in Bende Local government area of Abia State. A total of 2406 persons in eleven communities aged between 6 and 60 years were examined. Prevalence rates in the eleven communities ranged between 25.5% and 52.3% with an overall prevalence of 41.5%. More males (42.6%) than females (39.4%) were infected in all the age groups, and high rate of haematuria (78.2%) was observed among the infected subjects. Infection prevalence was significantly higher (65.3%) among those in the age group of 11 – 20 years (P localised. Bulinus globosus is implicated as the potential disease intermediate host. @JASEM
Pulmonary expression of CYP2A13 and ABCB1 is regulated by FOXA2, and their genetic interaction is associated with lung cancer

Inhaled xenobiotics such as tobacco‐specific carcinogen 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone are mainly metabolized by phase I oxidase cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 13 (CYP2A13), phase II conjugate UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B17 (UGT2B17), and phase III transporter ATP‐binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1 (ABCB1), with genetic polymorphisms implicated in lung cancer. Their genetic interaction and pulmonary expression regulation are largely unknown. We analyzed joint association for CYP2A13 and ABCB1 polymorphisms in 2 independent lung cancer case populations (669 and 566 patients) and 1 common control population (749 subjects), and characterized the transacting function of the lung development‐related transcription factor forkhead box A2 (FOXA2). We undertook FOXA2 overexpression and down‐regulation in lung epithelial cell lines, analyzed functional impact on the trans‐activation of CYP2A13, UGT2B17, and ABCB1, and measured correlation for their expressions in lung tissues. We found a substantial reduction in cancer risk (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.25‐0.61; Pinteraction = 0.029) associated with combined genotypes for CYP2A13 R257C and a functionary regulatory variant in the cis element of ABCB1 synergistically targeted by GATA binding protein 6 and FOXA2. Genetic manipulation of FOXA2 consistently influenced its binding to and transactivation of the promoters of CYP2A13, UGT2B17, and ABCB1, whose mRNA and protein expressions were all consistently correlated with those of FOXA2 in both tumorous and normal lung tissues. We therefore establish FOXA2 as a core transcriptional modulator for pulmonary xenobiotic metabolic pathways and uncover an etiologically relevant interaction between CYP2A13 and ABCB1, furthering our understanding of expression and function of the xenobiotic metabolism system. —Xiang, C, Wang, J., Kou, X. , Chen, X. , Qin, Z. , Jiang, Y. , Sun, C. , Xu, J., Tan, W. , Jin, L. , Lin, D. , He, F. , Wang, H. Pulmonary expression of CYP2A13 and ABCB1 is regulated by FOXA2, and their genetic interaction is associated with lung cancer. FASEB J. 29, 1986‐1998 (2015). www.fasebj. org
Short-range ferromagnetism in alloy ribbons of Fe-Cr-Si-Nb-(Ag, Cu)

We have studied the magnetic properties of two amorphous alloy ribbons Fe72Cr6Si4Nb5B12Ag1 (FCSNB-Ag) and Fe72Cr6Si4Nb5B12Cu1 (FCSNB-Cu), prepared by using a melt-spinning technique. Magnetization (M) measurements for various temperatures (T) and magnetic fields (H) indicate that ferromagnetic-paramagnetic (FM-PM) phase transitions take place in FCSNB-Ag and FCSNB-Cu at Curie temperatures (TC) of about 308.3 K and 322.5 K, respectively. Analyses of M - H data at different temperatures in the vicinity of the FM-PM phase transition based on the modified Arrott plot method and scaling hypothesis yielded the exponent values of β = 0.369± 0.005, γ = 1.359± 0.005 and δ = 4.7± 0.1 for FCSNB-Ag, and β = 0.376± 0.002, γ = 1.315 ± 0.006 and δ = 4.5± 0.1 for FCSNB-Cu. Compared with the values from theoretical models, these values are close to those expected for the 3D Heisenberg model, demonstrating the existence of short-range FM order in the amorphous alloy ribbons.
Bubble Nasal CPAP in the Management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (One Year Experience in Low Resources Unit)

Received Abstract Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a clinical manifestation due to a deficiency or dysfunction of pulmonary surfactant. The use of CPAP for RDS Produces more regular breathing pattern, establishes and maintains functional residual capacity, decreases upper airway resistance, results in progressive alveolar recruitment, inflates collapsed alveoli and reduces intrapulmonary shunting, decreases upper airway collapsibility and reduces obstructive apneas, promotes the release of and conservation of surfactant on the alveolar surface. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of using bubble CPAP in the management of respiratory distress syndrome and to identify the risk factors associated with its failure. Patients and methods: 63 newborns who have been diagnosed as RDS were started on Bubble CPAP with bi-nasal prongs. Bubble CPAP was considered to be successful if the respiratory distress improved and the baby could be successfully weaned off from CPAP. Based on radiological findings, the severity of RDS was graded as mild, moderate and severe. Results: The mean gestational age was 30.67 ± 2.16 weeks and mean birth weight was 1525.34  441.49 grams. The median age of starting CPAP was 2 hours of life. The median duration of CPAP was 36 hours. 42 (66.67%) newborns were survived and weaned successfully from CPAP and 21 (33.33%) failed to weaned successfully from CPAP and turn to mechanical ventilation. extreme low birth weight, lower gestational age, multiple pregnancies, radiological signs of severe RDS, and delay in the application of CPAP, and long duration of CPAP treatment were associated with poor neonatal out come and failure of CPAP ( p value <0.05). Sepsis, apnea and shock are the main immediate complications of RDS patients which may adversely affect the CPAP success. Conclusion 1. One year experience of the medical and nursing staff with the using of BCPAP had risen its effectiveness from (44.42%) in Umran, et al. to (66.66%) in our study within the same center; however, it is still less than that founded by a lot of other researches. 2. Preterm neonate who are; "extreme low birth weight, lower gestational age, multiple pregnancies (twin or triple), whiteout on the chest X-ray, delay in the application of CPAP, prolong duration of CPAP treatment" have increased risk for CPAP failure. 3. Sepsis, apnea and shock are the main immediate complications of RDS patients which may adversely affect the CPAP success.
ARTERIAL VERSUS VENOUS TRANSFUSION IN CARDIAC ARREST FROM EXSANGUINATION

APID REPLACEMENT of circulating blood R volume is fundamental in the treatment of hemorrhage. Blood may be replaced either by the venous or the arterial route. Halstedl in 1883 was first in the United States to use the arterial route for blood replacement in patients suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning. Kohlstaedt and Page2 in 1943 found that in dogs with profound oligemic hypotension, partial reinfusion of blood led to a higher recovery rate with the use of the arterial as compared to the venous route. These investigators recommended arterial transfusion for clinical use in profound shock.
Subcellular Localization and Cytotoxic Activity of the GroEL-Like Protein Isolated from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

ABSTRACT The subcellular locations, ultrastructure, and cytotoxic activity of the GroEL-like protein from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were investigated. Two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) clearly indicated that synthesis of the GroEL-like protein is substantially increased after a thermal shock. Analysis of the purified native GroEL-like protein by transmission electron microscopy revealed the typical 14-mer cylindrical molecule, which had a diameter of about 12 nm. A. actinomycetemcomitans cells grown at 35°C and heat shocked at 43°C were fractionated, and fractions were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by Western immunoblotting using antibodies to GroEL- and DnaK-like proteins. The GroEL-like protein was found in both the soluble and membrane fractions, whereas the DnaK-like protein was mostly found in the cytoplasm. An increase in specific proteins, including the GroEL- and DnaK-like proteins, was found in heat-shocked cells. The subcellular localization of the GroEL-like protein was examined by immunoelectron microscopy of whole cells. More GroEL-like protein was detected in stressed cells than in unstressed cells, and most of it was found not directly associated with outer membranes but rather in extracellular material. The native GroEL-like protein was assessed for cytotoxic activities. The GroEL-like protein increased the proliferation of periodontal ligament epithelial cells at concentrations between 0.4 and 1.0 μg/ml. The number of cells in the culture decreased significantly at higher concentrations. A cell viability assay using HaCaT epithelial cells indicated that the GroEL-like protein was strongly toxic for the cells. These studies suggest the extracellular nature of the GroEL-like protein and its putative role in disease initiation.
The Ubiquitin Ligase Siah2 and the Hypoxia Response

Growing evidence indicates that ubiquitin ligases play a critical role in the hypoxia response. Among them, Siah2, a RING finger ligase, is an important regulator of pathways activated under hypoxia. Siah2 regulates prolyl hydroxylases PHD3 and 1 under oxygen concentration of 2% to 5%, thereby allowing accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, a master regulator of the hypoxia response within the range of physiological normoxic to mild hypoxic conditions. Growing evidence also indicates an important function for Siah2 in tumor development and progression based on pancreatic cancer, mammary tumor, and melanoma mouse models. This review summarizes our current understanding of Siah2 regulation and function with emphasis on hypoxia and tumorigenesis. (Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(4):443–51)
The Relationship Between P-Glycoprotein (PGP) Polymorphisms and Response to Olanzapine Treatment in Schizophrenia

P-glycoprotein (PGP) is a polymorphic efflux transporter located on the blood brain barrier that potentially affects the penetration of atypical antipsychotics into the central nervous system. Increased antipsychotic penetration to the primary site of activity may result in greater symptom improvement or the occurrence of side effects. This investigation examined the relationship between three common PGP polymorphisms (C1236T, G2677TA, and C3435T) and response to 6 weeks of open-label olanzapine treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Individuals with a PGP T allele at any of these polymorphisms would be expected to have greater antipsychotic penetration through the blood brain barrier, due to lower PGP activity. Forty-one patients were included in this reanalysis. For subjects in the 3435T allele carrier group, the plasma olanzapine level alone was positively associated with percent change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale score (p = 0.02). This relationship was not seen for the 3435CC group (p = 0.583). A similar trend was observed for negative symptom reduction, olanzapine plasma concentration, and the 3435T allele (p = 0.06), but this relationship did not meet statistical significance. There was no relationship between the PGP genotypes and changes in weight over the course of this 6 week study. The analysis using C1236T or G2677AT genotypes gave similar results, due to linkage of these polymorphisms. PGP polymorphisms may affect the penetration of olanzapine into the central nervous system as seen by a relationship between the 3435T allele, olanzapine plasma levels, and reduction in the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. This may stem from greater olanzapine central nervous system latency due to the presence of the 3435T allele and reduced PGP activity. The PGP C3435T genotype may help to determine positive symptom reduction from olanzapine clinically, but these findings should be replicated in a larger sample of subjects.
CONTINUOUS‐TIME MEAN‐VARIANCE PORTFOLIO SELECTION WITH BANKRUPTCY PROHIBITION

A continuous‐time mean‐variance portfolio selection problem is studied where all the market coefficients are random and the wealth process under any admissible trading strategy is not allowed to be below zero at any time. The trading strategy under consideration is defined in terms of the dollar amounts, rather than the proportions of wealth, allocated in individual stocks. The problem is completely solved using a decomposition approach. Specifically, a (constrained) variance minimizing problem is formulated and its feasibility is characterized. Then, after a system of equations for two Lagrange multipliers is solved, variance minimizing portfolios are derived as the replicating portfolios of some contingent claims, and the variance minimizing frontier is obtained. Finally, the efficient frontier is identified as an appropriate portion of the variance minimizing frontier after the monotonicity of the minimum variance on the expected terminal wealth over this portion is proved and all the efficient portfolios are found. In the special case where the market coefficients are deterministic, efficient portfolios are explicitly expressed as feedback of the current wealth, and the efficient frontier is represented by parameterized equations. Our results indicate that the efficient policy for a mean‐variance investor is simply to purchase a European put option that is chosen, according to his or her risk preferences, from a particular class of options.