Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capping the inflamed pulp under different clinical conditions.

BACKGROUND A great deal of controversy exists regarding the reliability of capping the inflamed pulp. In particular, the use of calcium hydroxide as a capping agent has come into question. In this study, hard tissue barrier formation after inflamed pulps were capped directly or after partial pulpotomy was compared with calcium hydroxide or bonded resin and with no additional seal or an IRM surface seal. Seventy teeth in five dogs were used. Ten untreated teeth were used as negative controls. In 60 teeth, pulpal inflammation was induced by preparing a cavity close to the pulp and sealing a cotton pellet soaked in plaque in it for 1 to 2 weeks. The cavities were then re-entered and extended to expose the pulps. MATERIALS AND METHODS In half the teeth (n = 30) a partial pulpotomy was performed and in the other half (n = 30) pulpal treatment was performed on the superficial exposed pulp. Both pulpal treatment groups received the same restorative procedures: (1) calcium hydroxide + amalgam + IRM surface seal; (2) OptiBond Solo, Prodigy with IRM surface seal; or (3) OptiBond Solo, Prodigy without IRM surface seal. The presence, absence, and quality of a hard tissue barrier were evaluated histologically. RESULTS The calcium hydroxide groups were statistically superior to all other groups. The IRM surface seal resulted in significantly better healing. Although there was no statistically significant difference between direct pulp capping and partial pulpotomy with the numbers in this study, power statistics indicated that in clinical practice a partial pulpotomy would be preferable. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The results of this study suggest that a partial pulpotomy, calcium hydroxide medicament, and a bacteria-tight coronal restoration represent a viable technique for capping the inflamed pulp.
Disruption of Extracellular Matrix Structure May Cause Pseudoachondroplasia Phenotypes in the Absence of Impaired Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Secretion*

Pseudoachondroplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia are two dominantly inherited chondrodysplasias associated with mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). The rarely available patient biopsies show lamellar inclusions in the endoplasmic reticulum. We studied the pathogenesis of these chondrodysplasias by expressing several disease-causing COMP mutations in bovine primary chondrocytes and found that COMP-associated chondrodysplasias are not exclusively storage diseases. Although COMP carrying the mutations D469Δ and D475N was retained within the endoplasmic reticulum, secretion of COMP H587R was only slightly retarded. All pseudoachondroplasia mutations impair cellular viability and cause a disruption of the extracellular matrix formed in alginate culture irrespective of the degree of cellular retention. The mutation D361Y associated with the clinically milder disease multiple epiphyseal dysplasia gave mild retention and limited matrix alterations, but the transfected cells showed normal viability. The effect of mutated COMP on matrix formation and cell-matrix interaction may be a major element in the pathogenesis of COMP-associated chondrodysplasias.
Characterization of an anti‐listerial enterocin from wheat silage based Enterococcus faecium

Two Enterococcus faecium and one E. faecalis strains isolated and identified from wheat silage were characterized based on plasmid content, hemolytic activity, antibiotic resistance patterns, bacteriocin production potential, and presence of enterocin structural genes (entA, entB, entP, entL50B). Among the isolates, only the E. faecium U7 strain exhibited bacteriocin activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE). A combination of three structural genes (entA, entB, and entP) was detected in E. faecium U7. A relationship between the presence of enterocin structural genes, and bacteriocin activity was detected in E. faecium U7; therefore partially purified enterocin (PPE) was further investigated from the isolate. Several bands of different molecular weights were expressed from PPE extracts following tricine SDS‐PAGE analysis. However, the only band showing bacteriocin activity was in an approximate 4‐kDa region. PPE treatment with proteinase K, lysozyme, and α ‐amylase caused complete loss of bacteriocin activity. PPE heat treatment at various temperatures resulted in a notable reduction in bacteriocin expression. Enterocin U7 was relatively heat stable, and presumably exhibits a glucoprotein nature with distinct inhibitory properties. Specific bacterial inhibitory activity of enterocin U7, and the producer strain absence of β ‐hemolysis and vancomycin susceptibility features deserves further investigation to evaluate its potential application in silage inoculation and food preservation. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
GSTT1 Null Genotype Significantly Increases the Susceptibility to Urinary System Cancer: Evidences from 63,876 Subjects

GSTT1 gene plays an important role in detoxification and clearance of reactive oxygen species(ROS). A null variant in this gene has been demonstrated to confer cancer susceptibility. Although many studies have demonstrated the association between GSTT1 null polymorphism and urinary system cancer susceptibility, several publications reported opposite conclusions. For better understanding the effects of this polymorphism on the risk of urinary system cancer, a updated meta-analysis was performed with a total of 26,666 cases and 37,210 controls extracted from 117 studies, by following the latest meta-analysis guidelines (PRISMA). The results suggested that the GSTT1 null genotype was significantly associated with an increased risk of urinary system cancer (OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.05-1.22). Furthermore, stratified analyses by the type of cancer, ethnicity, source of control and quality score presented a significantly increased risk associated with GSTT1 null genotype in bladder and prostate cancer subgroup, Caucasians and Indians subgroup, population-based(PB) subgroup, medium quality and low quality subgroup. Overall, our meta-analysis suggested that GSTT1 null genotype is a potential cancer susceptibility variant. Well-designed and large-cohort studies are needed to confirm the association between GSTT1 null genotype and urinary system cancer risk.
Nurse case management for pregnant women experiencing or at risk for abuse.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether individualized nursing case management can decrease stress among pregnant women at risk for or in abusive relationships. DESIGN A multisite randomized controlled trial. SETTING Two prenatal clinics in the Pacific Northwest and rural Midwest. PARTICIPANTS 1,000 women who spoke English and were 13 to 23 weeks pregnant at time of recruitment. INTERVENTION All intervention group women (N = 499) were offered an abuse video and had access to a nurse case manager 24/7. Additionally, participants at risk for or in abusive relationships received individualized nursing care management throughout the pregnancy. RESULTS The most frequent nursing care management activities were providing support (38%) and assessing needs (32%). The nursing care management group received an average of 22 contacts, most (80%) by telephone and had a significant reduction in stress scores as measured by the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile. Compared to the control group, the differences were in the predicted direction, but not statistically different. A major finding was the choice by abused women to focus on basic needs and their pregnancies rather than the abuse, although all received safety planning. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women at risk for or in abusive relationships experience very stressful and complex lives. Nurses need to focus on the needs they identify, which may not be the abusive relationship.
Promises and costs of gentrification:the case of Dikmen Valley

This thesis explores the class impact of gentrification, contributing to a deeper insight into multiple experiences of gentrification. Centring on an ethnographic study of gentrification in Dikmen Valley in Ankara, it is concerned with the relations among the multiple actors involved in the on-going Dikmen Valley Urban Transformation Project. The project aimed to transform an area that contained many squatter communities into an area of luxury apartments and parkland. Its implementation and the conflicts it prompted were deeply shaped by shifts towards a neoliberal urban development regime and by a revision of earlier policies towards the squatter settlers. The study approaches gentrification as a dynamic process in which urban space is redeveloped in ways that complicate class hierarchies. The thesis argues that it is vital to examine the processes of inclusion to grasp the class impact of gentrification, which is not limited to displacement and stigmatisation. It therefore examines the processes in which inclusion is promoted and negotiated by multiple actors living through gentrification. To address these questions, the study combines historical and ethnographic research. Drawing on documentary research on the changing urban policies and citizenship agendas, the research reveals how the disciplining effects of gentrification operate through citizenship. It details how in Dikmen Valley gentrification was employed to marginalise and punish those who made rights-based claims to homes and land, while the state offered those who obediently participated in gentrification the reward of legal homeownership and recognition as ‘good citizens’. The study also draws on participant observation and in-depth interviews with people from a diverse variety of backgrounds living in and around the Dikmen Valley Project Area during January to October 2015. Through this combination of methods, the thesis demonstrates that the ways in which gentrification, promoted by the state actors and negotiated by the multiple actors living through it, complicates existing class hierarchies.
Surgical Treatment of Endometriosis: A 7-Year Follow-up on the Requirement for Further Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the need for further surgery after laparoscopic excision of endometriosis or hysterectomy. METHODS: In this retrospective study, women who had surgery for endometriosis-associated pain at the Cleveland Clinic were assessed for requirement for subsequent surgery. One hundred twenty patients who underwent hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy for endometriosis and 120 patients who had laparoscopic excision of their endometriotic lesions only (local excision group) formed the study population. Estimates of reoperation-free survival at 2, 5, and 7 years were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methods, and estimates of risk (hazard ratios) were computed using Cox proportional hazards models. A significance level of . 05 was assumed for all tests. RESULTS: In women who underwent local excision with ovarian preservation, the surgery-free percentages were 79.4%, 53.3%, and 44.6%, respectively, at 2, 5, and 7 years. In women who underwent hysterectomy with ovarian preservation, the 2-, 5-, and 7-year reoperation-free percentages were 95.7%, 86.6%, and 77.0%, respectively. In women who underwent hysterectomy without ovarian preservation, the percentages were 96.0%, 91.7%, and 91.7%, respectively. However, in women between 30 and 39 years of age, removal of the ovaries did not significantly improve the surgery-free time. CONCLUSION: Local excision of endometriosis is associated with good short-term outcomes but, on long-term follow-up, has a high reoperation rate. Hysterectomy is associated with a low reoperation rate. Preservation of the ovaries at the time of hysterectomy remains a viable option. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Detection of Toxocara canis larvae by PCR in the liver of experimentally infected Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)

SummaryToxocariasis is a common human zoonosis, which induces a clinically unapparent course of infection. Diagnosis is difficult and relies upon serological testing (searching of specific IgG antibodies by ELISA), laboratory abnormalities and clinical manifestations. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was adapted for the detection of Toxocara canis larvae in a host tissue. Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were used as an animal model for human toxocariasis. 8 animals were inoculated with 1000 T. canis eggs, four uninfected were used as control. At 3, 5, 7, and 14 days post-infection, 2 infected and 1 control gerbil were killed and their livers were used for molecular analysis. Specific primer in the PCR reaction allowed identification of T. canis larvae, with the parasite gDNA found in the liver of all infected gerbils. The results indicate that the PCR method has a potential as a supporting technique for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis.
MMPI Patterns in Chronic Muscle Pain, Tension Headache and Migraine

MMPI personality profiles were obtained from three clinical groups (n = 79). One group consisted of men and women with chronic muscle pain (MP; n = 34), a second group of male and female chronic tension headache patients (TH; n = 12), and a third group of female migraine patients (M; n = 33). The M group was subdivided on the basis of source of referral and into groups of classic versus common migraine. Elevation of the MMPI subscales usually interpreted as neuroticism scales were found in all groups. A “psychosomatic V” pattern was found on these scales in the M group but not in female TH patients. The difference in scale configuration beween groups was caused primarily by different elevations on the depression scale. A relationship between severity of headache and elevation of the “psychosomatic V” was found in migraine patients. Male MP and TH patients showed a descending slope on the neuroticism scales, not observed in females. There was a tendency for common migraine patients to show a more elevated and psychosomatic configuration on the MMPI, as compared with classic migraine patients.
Does Maturity Level of Newly Listed Firms Matter in the Long-Run Performance? Evidence from Pakistan

In this study, the sample of newly IPO firms at PSX from 2000 to 2018 is selected to observe the performance in the long run, under different maturity level. The analysis is based on Jensen’s alpha obtained through CAPM, four factors (4-F), and three factors model (3-F). Based on the analysis of Jensen’s alpha, the underpricing of IPOs disappeared after the periods of one to three years to suggest that investors can not earn risk-adjusted positive returns accounting for market, momentum, value and size factors. In the analysis of GCT regression model, for the three different maturity level, the severe underperformance of these new firms are to be observed. Further, the result of new firms through GCT model show that different maturity (1-5 years, 6-10 years, and more than 10 years) of firms do not matter, and overall newly firms underperform in long run.
Social work practice of hospital social workers under the structural adjustment program in Greece: social workers protecting the right to health care within the context of Neoliberalism

a wide range of research such as international social work, social work practice under austerity, shared austerity reality, grassroots community solidarity structures, gender based violence, dating and teenage relationship abuse violence and LGBT issues. She has actively involved in the peace and justice movement throughout her life in many countries in which she has lived. Abstract OBJECTIVES: This study explores the effects of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) and its resultant social spending cuts and austerity measures on social work practice in Greek public hospitals. THEORETICAL BASE: The research is informed by a critical social theory approach. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with eleven senior social workers. OUTCOMES: Data gathered from qualitative interviews in 2011 reveal that underfunding and understaffing causes workers to intensify their professional efforts and to increasingly draw on more informal contacts, as well as on their personal resources, to respond to the needs of service users. Health care spending cuts within the context of neoliberal capitalism clearly undermine participants’ ability to effectively perform their work, but they do the best they can with the available resources. Faced with an increasing inability to provide optimal care, participants reorient their focus to at least providing emotional support. A strong theme of resistance emerged, with participants insisting that health care is a right and not a commodity. SOCIAL WORK IMPLICATIONS: The paper maintains that it is imperative for the social work profession to understand that the difficulties they experience emerge within the context of neoliberal capitalism and thus austerity measures and social spending cuts need to become a locus of intervention. remaining
Competition between Mg2+ and spermine for a cloned IRK2 channel expressed in a human cell line.

1. A cloned inwardly rectifying K+ channel, IRK2, was expressed in a human cell line, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T. Its electrophysiological properties were examined using the patch clamp technique in the whole‐cell, cell‐attached and inside‐out patch configurations. 2. The cells transfected with IRK2 cDNA exhibited a K+ current which showed classical properties of inwardly rectifying K+ channels at both whole‐cell and single‐channel levels. 3. In the inside‐out patch configuration, intracellular Mg2+ (Mg2+i blocked the outward currents in a voltage‐dependent and virtually time‐independent manner. Mg2+i (1‐100 microM) caused a decrease in the unitary current amplitude of the IRK2 channel by inducing subconducting levels. 4. In the absence of Mg2+i, intracellular spermine blocked the outwardly flowing IRK2 currents in a voltage‐ and time‐dependent manner. Spermine (1‐100 nM) did not affect the unitary channel current amplitude but reduced the channel open probability. The spermine block showed a slower time and steeper voltage dependence than the Mg2+i++ block. 5. When both these blockers were present, Mg2+i apparently attenuated the inhibitory effect of spermine on the outwardly flowing IRK2 currents. This interaction was voltage and time dependent, and could be well explained by a model in which Mg2+i and spermine competitively bind to the channel with their individual first‐order kinetics. This competition would induce time‐dependent transits of the channel between the Mg2+i ‐and spermine‐blocked states via a single open state, thereby preserving a certain size of persistent outward currents at depolarized potentials.
Muscular activity and thermal responses in men and women during repetitive work in cold environments

Thermal responses and muscular activity in repetitive work were studied in eight women and eight men at 19°C (thermoneutral) and at 4°C (cold). Furthermore, effect of a heating vest was studied at 4°C. Women had lower (p < 0.05) mean skin temperature compared with men at each thermal condition. Muscular activity (μV) was generally higher in women compared with men, being significantly higher in m. deltoideus (p < 0.05). Women had lower (p < 0.01) maximal isometric strength compared with men, which may have influenced the observed higher muscular activity during work in women. However, compared with thermoneutral, working in cold increased (p < 0.05) muscular activity in the forearm and upper arm extensors only in men. The vest did not significantly counteract the increase in muscular activity. In conclusion, sex differences should be considered when evaluating cold protection and work load reduction in repetitive work in cold environments. Present results indicate that in identical work, sex affects thermal responses and muscular activity during repetitive work in conditions comparable with cooled departments in the food-processing industry. Sex differences should be considered when evaluating cold protection and preventive measures for work load reduction.
Incidence of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy and Mortality in Primary and Secondary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death.

BACKGROUND Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) reduce mortality in patients implanted for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Data on the incidence of appropriate ICD therapies in primary vs. secondary prevention are limited. OBJECTIVES To compare ICD therapies and mortality in primary vs. secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 581 consecutive patients receiving an ICD for primary (66%) or secondary (34%) prevention indications. RESULTS During long-term follow-up, 29% of patients implanted for secondary prevention received appropriate ICD therapy vs. 18% implanted for primary prevention. However, the overall 7 year mortality rate was not significantly different between the two groups (26.9%, P = 0.292). Multivariate analysis showed that patients implanted for primary prevention had a significantly lower risk of appropriate ICD therapy even after adjustment for age, left ventricular ejection fraction < 0.35 and chronic renal failure (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.10-2.41, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Patients implanted for secondary prevention were more likely to receive appropriate ICD therapy, with a significantly shorter time period from ICD implant to the first therapy. However, all-cause mortality was comparable between primary and secondary prevention groups.
The Scale and Impact of the Local Authority Rent Subsidy

This paper examines the targeting of rent subsidies among local authority tenant households. Using microdata from the SILC survey over the period 2006 to 2015, the distributions of household rents and incomes are examined and the targeting of the local authority rental subsidy is assessed. Using propensity score matching, estimates are made of the impact of the rental subsidy on households and on the income distribution. The potential impacts on the income distribution of alternative rent subsidy mechanisms are assessed. The paper finds that the subsidisation of the rental costs paid by local authority tenants decreases income inequality, when housing costs are taken into account. Also evident is the poor targeting of rental subsidies; counter-factual scenarios in which local authority rental subsidies are directed to a greater degree towards lower income households are shown to reduce income inequality.
Effect of exercise training on the density of endothelial cells in the white adipose tissue of rats

We examined the effects of a 9‐week exercise training (TR) in Wistar male rats, beginning at 4 weeks of age, on the density of endothelial cells (ECs) in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and the mRNA expression of angiogenic factors in adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells. The number of ECs and mRNA expressions were assessed by lectin staining and real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Compared with control (CR) rats, TR rats gained weight more slowly and had significantly lower final weight of WAT due to the reduction in the size and the number of adipocytes. TR significantly increased the number of ECs per square millimeter and per adipocyte (1.37‐ and 1.23‐fold, respectively) in WAT. This is probably because the number of adipocytes is fewer while the number of ECs is constant in the WAT of TR rats, because the regression line of TR rats for adipocyte number‐dependent EC number was shifted toward the left without significant differences in the slopes between groups. TR also induced the upregulation of mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf)‐A and Vegf‐receptor‐2 in SVF cells, thereby retaining a constant number of ECs in the WAT.