Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Corporate Attributes and Timeliness in Corporate Reporting: Malaysian Evidence

This study empirically investigates the timeliness of corporate reporting in Malaysia i.e the lead time to publish financial statements and characteristic of companies contributing to the lead time. The sample comprises of 200 listed companies on the Bursa Malaysia representing different sectors for the year ending 2007. The financial reporting lead time is 117 days which is 4 days earlier than the regulated 121days. The regression results revealed that size of the company and audit duration are having a significant relationship with the timeliness of corporate reporting. The remaining variables were found to be insignificant in relation to timeliness of corporate reporting.
Do Host-Plant Interactions and Susceptibility to Soil Cultivation Determine the Abundance of Graminivorous Sawflies on British Farmland? 1

Larvae of the sawfly genera Dolerus and Pachynematus feed on cereals and grasses in farmland habitats and can cause crop damage. In Britain they are not economic pests, but they have a role in the wider ecology of agricultural ecosystems as important sources of food for birds. They have a patchy distribution across the landscape and are particularly associated with areas of cereals undersown with grass. In a survey of British farmland, larvae of these two genera were significantly more abundant in fields of sown peren- nial rye-grass, Lolium perenne L. , than in crops of winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. , and spring barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Host-plant relationships and the effect of soil cultivation on overwintering survival were considered as factors underlying this distribution. In oviposition trials, perennial rye-grass was the preferred host of most species tested, and winter wheat was avoided. Growth rates and survival of larvae in performance trials were significantly higher on rye-grass than on cereals. Soil cultivation during the overwintering period caused up to 50% additional winter mortality of pupae in some years. However, in other years there was no additional mortality, indicating that another factor must be involved following the soil disturbance, such as winter frosts. The observed differences in host-suitability could strongly influence larval distribution on farms, depressing abundance in cereal habitats. Post- cultivation mortality may reinforce this effect. Varying cultivation regimes and availability of undisturbed grassland could be used to manipulate the abun- dance of these sawflies on farms.
German crowd-investing platforms: Literature review and survey

Abstract: This article presents a comprehensive overview of the current German crowd-investing market drawing on a data-set of 31 crowd-investing platforms including the analysis of 265 completed projects. While crowd-investing market still only represents a niche in the German venture capital market, there is potential for an increase in both market volume and in average project investment. The market share is distributed among a few crowd-investing platforms with high entry barriers for new platforms although platforms that specialise in certain sectors have managed to successfully enter the market. German crowd-investing platforms are found to promote mainly internet-based enterprises (36%) followed by projects in real estate (24%) and green projects (19%), with the median money raised 100,000 euro.
EMOTIONAL RESPONSE TO SIMPLE COLOR STIMULI

The emotional responses to colors were examined in two experiments in order to discover the effect of stimulus contexts. In Experiment I, the emotional responses to 36 color stimuli were profiled in terms of valence (Cronbach's a=0.793), arousal (a=0.880), and dominance (a=0.904) dimensions of emotion using the Self-Assessment-Manikin (SAM) scale (N=46). From the 36 color stimuli, 17 were selected in Experiment II, where subjects were shown not only 17 colors, but also other types of visual stimuli, such as eight pictures, nine film-clips, and nine adjectives (N=45). Between the two experiments, a Preliminary Test was conveyed in order to collect film-clips. Based on the SAM ratings, the emotional profiles of visual stimuli were characterized by dimensions of emotion, and the context effect was investigated by comparison to prior results: SAM ratings of the 17 identical colors from both experiments were compared. Judgmental shifts of the 17 colors were found out to be less arousing as color stimuli were shown in a stimulus context of Experiment II than in that of Experiment I (p<05, two-tailed).
Evaluation of Surface Tension of Molten Ionic Mixtures

A thermodynamic model was derived to evaluate the surface tension of molten ionic mixtures by considering the ratio of the radius of cation to that of anion. The present model reproduces the following characteristics of the composition dependence of surface tension in molten alkaline–halide ionic mixtures precisely. • almost linear change with the composition in common cation systems:• large concave feature of the composition dependence in common anion systems.The present model can be applied to evaluate the surface tension molten ionic mixtures with complex anion such as sulfate as well as molten SiO2 based binary systems considering effective ionic radii for complex anions.
Coalition government and satisfaction with democracy: An analysis of New Zealand's reaction to proportional representation.

Following approval of a referendum in 1993, New Zealand replaced its first-past-the-post electoral system with proportional representation (PR). Although support for PR was initially high, less than a third expressed support for the new system a year and a half after its implementation. We examine two explanations for this decline. One theory assumes that dissatisfaction with the new system is the result of a growing alienation with politics, exacerbated by an unpopular coalition government that voters neither expected nor desired. Another theory assumes that evaluations of the new system are mediated by a preference for coalition or single party government. Our results indicate that a preference for single party government, guided primarily by partisan self-interest, has the largest impact. Nevertheless, negative evaluations of the performance of the coalition government helped contribute to a loss in support for PR suggesting that government performance can affect citizen's evaluation of political institutions, particularly when systems undergo radical change.
Comparison of ERA40 and NCEP/DOE near‐surface data sets with other ISLSCP‐II data sets

[1] The fields of 2-m temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, downward short-wave and long-wave radiation, net radiation, and sensible and latent heat flux from the ERA40 and NCEP/DOE reanalyses are compared with each other and with other independent ISLSCP-II data sets, where available. There are differences in the climatologies of the different data sets, but generally, they show consistent patterns of the major seasonal anomaly fields. The anomaly patterns are coherent, showing warm, dry seasonal biases associated with reduced precipitation and cloudiness, and the converse. This confirms that major changes in the atmospheric circulation patterns, with the associated differences in surface temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloud fields and incoming surface SW and LW radiation fluxes are captured by both reanalyses and the comparison ISLSCP-II data sets.
Wintertime circulation off southeast Australia: Strong forcing by the East Australian Current

Numerical results and observations are used to examine the sub-weather band wintertime circulation off the eastern shelf slope region between Tasmania and Cape Howe. The numerical model is forced using wintertime-averaged atmospheric fluxes of momentum, heat, and freshwater and using transports along open boundaries that are obtained from a global ocean model. The boundary to the north of Cape Howe has a prescribed transport of 17 Sv, which from available observations represents strong forcing by the East Australian Current (EAC). Nonetheless, the model results are in qualitative (and quantitative) agreement with several observational studies. In accord with observations, water within Bass Strait is found to be driven to the east and north with speeds of up to 30 cm s -1 off the southeast Victorian coast. The water is colder and denser than that found farther offshore, which is associated with the southward flowing (warm) EAC. In agreement with observations the density difference between the two water masses is about 0.6 kg m -3 and leads to a cascade of dense Bass Strait water to depths of 300 m and as a plume that extends 5-10 km in the cross-shelf direction. Typical vertical velocities of the model cascade are 20 m d -1 . Along-isobath currents become bottom intensified with speeds of 20 cm s -1 or so at depths of 200 m. The EAC is found to flow along isobaths and to the south and then west past Tasmania with speeds of up to 20 cm s -1 . Mesoscale eddies grow to diameters of 100 km (speeds <40 cm s -1 ), and in accord with observations a semipermanent anticyclonic eddy is found to the east of Cape Howe.
A Linear Theory of Extratropical Synoptic Eddy Statistics

Abstract This paper investigates the extent to which the statistics of extratropical synoptic eddies may be deduced from the assumption that the eddies are stochastically forced disturbances evolving on a baroclinically stable background flow. To this end, a two-level hemispheric quasigeostrophic model is linearized about the observed long-term mean flow and forced with Gaussian white noise. The mean flow is baroclinically stable for a reasonable choice of dissipation parameters. Synoptic-scale eddy disturbances can still grow on such a flow, albeit for a finite time, either in response to the stochastic forcing or through baroclinic and barotropic energy interactions with the background flow. In a statistically steady state, a fluctuation–dissipation relation (FDR) links the covariance of the eddies to the spatial structure of the background flow and the covariance of the forcing. Although not necessary, in this study the forcing is assumed to have always the same trivial statistics (white in both space .
Analyzing of Surface Relations in an Experimental Drainage Basin

In recent decades, modeling perspectives in geomorphology have been developed. Utilizing these new opportunities, geomorphologists have analyzed numerous existing concepts and introduced new ones as well. Allometry, as a concept derived from biology, is a method to describe interrelations between variables. In biology, allometry is defined as the study of the rate of relative changes between two parts of a system . This rate is always a constant fraction of the relative growth rate of that system and its amount is defined by a power function. This research, attempts to analyze allometric relations in surfaces of a drainage basin in various stages of development using data extracted from analyzing of an experimental basin model. In fact the aim of this paper is to evaluate the growth of surfaces with different slopes in an experimental basin to show how surfaces change through basin development and to find growth laws of basin surfaces. Results show that during developmental stages of the basin, elevation surfaces with different slopes changed based on positive or negative allometric relations and eventually the extent of the surfaces and their relations tended to a constant value reaching which is an index indicating tendency of the basin towards steadiness. Results of the present paper could help to predict the future condition of basins and provides guidelines for environmental management.
Thou shalt not steal: Effects of normative cues on attitudes towards theft

In this study, we examine how normative cues influence attitudes towards theft. In a 3 × 2 × 2 within-subjects design (N = 120), we found that people had more negative attitudes towards theft when: 1) a higher value item was stolen than when a lower value item was stolen; 2) the theft took place in a public setting than when it took place in a private setting; and 3) the theft took place in a tidy rather than messy setting. Furthermore, our findings showed interaction effects between the value of a stolen item and 1) the cleanliness of the environment; and 2) the privateness of a setting, on attitudes towards theft. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Accelerated thermal profiling of gas turbine components using luminescent thermal history paints

Environmental requirements to reduce CO2 emissions and the drive towards higher efficiencies have resulted in increased operating temperatures in gas turbines. Subsequently, Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEMs) require improved component design and material selection to withstand the harsher conditions. This demands rapid evaluation of new components and their surface temperature to accelerate their market entry. Accurate temperature information proves key in the design of more efficient, longer-lasting machinery and in monitoring thermal damage. A number of traditional temperature measurement techniques are available, but can incur a number of limitations. Online temperature measurements, such as pyrometry or phosphor thermography, often require optical access to the component during operation and are therefore not suitable for inaccessible components. Other options including thermocouples can only provide point measurements and cannot deliver profiles across the surface. Offline techniques store temperature information that can be measured and analysed following operation. Several of these, however, are of destructive nature, can affect local thermal gradients and only provide point measurements. This article discusses an innovative offline measurement technique: luminescent Thermal History Paints (THPs). THPs are comprised of ceramic pigments in a binder matrix that can be applied to any hot component as a thin coating. These pigments are doped with optically active ions, which will phosphoresce when excited with a light source. The coating material experiences irreversible structural changes depending on the temperature it is exposed to. Changes in the material structure are reflected in its phosphorescent properties, which are measured with standard optical instrumentation at any surface location. Since the changes are permanent, the temperature information is stored J. Glob. Power Propuls. Soc. | 2018, 2: 344–361 | https://doi.org/10.22261/JGPPS.S3KTGK 344 in the coating and can be extracted after operation. Following calibration, it is therefore possible to relate phosphorescent behaviour to the past maximum temperature experienced at each location. This is done with Sensor Coating Systems Ltd. (SCS)’s portable instrumentation, which can provide rapid, automated and objective measurements across a component surface. Unlike the more traditional thermal paints, THPs are non-toxic, and provide a continuous measurement capability across the range 150°C–900°C with significantly improved durability. This article describes the underlying principles behind this novel technology and the advantages it provides over existing state-of-the-art methods. The benefits will be demonstrated through measurements on nozzle guide vanes (NGVs), with the view to compare and validate them against thermocouple measurements. The results show that the THP extends the limited information from thermocouples to provide a more complete view of the thermal processes on the component.
HOME RANGE AND HABITAT USE OF SUBURBAN RED-SHOULDERED HAWKS IN SOUTHWESTERN OHIO

Abstract We measured the home ranges and habitat use of 11 Red-shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus) during the breeding season and 9 during the nonbreeding season in suburban Ohio, using standard telemetry techniques. Mean home ranges, calculated using the adaptive kernel method (95% isopleth), were 90 ha ;pm 11 SE during the breeding season, 189 ha ;pm 33 SE during the nonbreeding season, and 165 ha ;pm 24 SE for the annual home range. Males and females did not differ significantly in home range size. We examined habitat use by hawks by classifying the habitat where birds were observed perching. Habitat used by hawks differed significantly from that available within home ranges for all birds tested. Most Red-shouldered Hawks used riparian zones and pond edges more than expected, based on availability of such habitats within their home ranges; residential areas and lawns were used less than expected or in proportion to their availability.
Framework for Students’ Epistemological Development in Physics Experiments

In order to better understand the impact of lab courses and experiential learning on students’ views of professional physics and physics careers, we are developing tools that assess students’ epistemology specifically related to physics experiments. We developed an open-ended survey about doing physics experiments and administered the survey to students from introductory-level to graduate level students. We then constructed a framework of student epistemology of experimental physics, which includes topics such as link between theory and experiment, autonomy in experimentation, and justifications for the validity of experiments. We also identified key aspects of epistemological development from introductory physics students to graduate students.
Frequency of frontotemporal dementia gene variants in C9ORF72, MAPT, and GRN in academic versus commercial laboratory cohorts.

Background Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a leading cause of dementia, and elucidating its genetic underpinnings is critical. FTLD research centers typically recruit patient cohorts that are limited by the center's specialty and the ways in which its geographic location affects the ethnic makeup of research participants. Novel sources of data are needed to get population estimates of the contribution of variants in known FTLD-associated genes. Methods We compared FLTD-associated genetic variants in microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), progranulin (GRN), and chromosome nine open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) from an academic research cohort and a commercial clinical genetics laboratory. Pathogenicity was assessed using guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and a rule-based DNA variant assessment system. We conducted chart reviews on patients with novel or rare disease-associated variants. Results A total of 387 cases with FTLD-associated variants from the commercial (n=2,082) and 78 cases from the academic cohort (n=2,089) were included for analysis. In the academic cohort, the most frequent pathogenic variants were C9ORF72 expansions (63%, n=49), followed by GRN (26%, n=20) and MAPT (11%, n=9). Each gene's contribution to disease was similarly ranked in the commercial laboratory but differed in magnitude: C9ORF72 (89%, n=345), GRN (6%, n=24), and MAPT (5%, n=19). Of the 37 unique GRN/MAPT variants identified, only six were found in both cohorts. Clinicopathological data from patients in the academic cohort strengthened classification of two novel GRN variant as pathogenic (p.Pro166Leufs*2, p.Gln406*) and one GRN variant of unknown significance as a possible rare risk variant (p.Cys139Arg). Conclusion Differences in gene frequencies and identification of unique pathogenic alleles in each cohort demonstrate the importance of data sharing between academia and community laboratories. Using shared data sources with well-characterized clinical phenotypes for individual variants can enhance interpretation of variant pathogenicity and inform clinical management of at-risk patients and families.
Evaluating the Performance of Bay Irrigation in the GMID

The CRC for Irrigation Futures recently undertook a project piloting use of the IrriMATE performance evaluation process in bay irrigation at a number of sites across the Goulburn Murray Irrigation District (GMID). This evaluation technique, which was developed originally for furrow irrigation, is now well accepted in the cotton industry. The project successfully demonstrated that evaluation of performance can lead to substantial realisable gains in efficiency for bay irrigation, including the 'good' irrigators. For the irrigations evaluated, application efficiencies averaged 72% and realisable gains in efficiency of 19% are possible with changed management. For most farmers this will mean application of higher flow rates and shorter irrigation times. Practically this means on-farm automation. The evaluation process provides the means to determine the preferred flow rate and irrigation time for automated systems and also the means for identifying optimum capacities for farm outlets. This latter data is of interest to scheme modernisation design, because flow rates available to irrigators through their meter outlets are often less than required for maximum performance on farm. The project identified some deficiencies in the evaluation process caused by differences in the management of bays compared to furrows, deficiencies which have now been overcome in the development of new evaluation tools.
Ground‐based magnetometer determination of in situ Pc4–5 ULF electric field wave spectra as a function of solar wind speed

[1] We present a statistical characterization of ground-based ultra-low-frequency (∼1–15 mHz) magnetic wave power spectral densities (PSDs) as a function of latitude (corresponding to dipole L-shells from L∼2.5–8), local time, and solar wind speed. We show a clear latitudinal dependence on the PSD profiles, with PSDs increasing monotonically from low- to auroral zone latitudes, where PSDs are peaked before decay in amplitude at higher latitudes. In general, ULF wave powers are highest on the nightside, followed by the local morning, noon, and finally dusk sectors, and are well-characterized and well-ordered by solar wind speed at all MLTs spanning L∼2.5–8. A distinct peak in PSD in the 2–8 mHz frequency range above a background power law is evident at most stations studied in this paper, demonstrating a significant non power law like component in the ULF wave power spectrum, in particular at high solar wind speeds. We conclude that field line resonance (FLR) behavior in the magnetosphere is most likely responsible for the peak in PSD, and that such peaks should be included in any radiation belt radial diffusion model addressing radiation belt dynamics. Furthermore, we utilize a model in order to map the ground-based magnetic ULF wave power measurements into electric fields in the equatorial plane of an assumed dipole magnetic field, and find excellent agreement with the in situ CRRES electric fields shown by Brautigam et al. [2005], clearly demonstrating the utility of ground-based measurements in providing reliable estimates of ULF electric field PSD for nowcast input into radiation belt radial diffusion models.
Fast methods for computing the shoaling of nonlinear waves

Accurate nonlinear numerical methods for wave propagation have existed for some years. Most of these are very demanding of computer resources as they use global means of approximation which usually requires the costly solution of a full matrix equation at each time step. It is the aim of the present paper to describe and to compare the features of two new methods for the two-dimensional propagation of nonlinear waves over varying topography. A method based on local polynomial approximation is presented, which was found to be efficient, cheap and accurate. A novel boundary integral method is also presented, which was capable of good accuracy even for waves which overturned. For practical purposes, the local polynomial approximation method is to be preferred and may have some useful contributions to make.