Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A community pharmacy-based cardiovascular risk screening service implemented in Iran

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major health concern around the world. Objective: To assess the outcomes and feasibility of a pharmacy-based cardiovascular screening in an urban referral community pharmacy in Iran. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a referral community pharmacy. Subjects aged between 30-75 years without previous diagnose of cardiovascular disease or diabetes were screened. Measurement of all major cardiovascular risk factors, exercise habits, medical conditions, medications, and family history were investigated. Framingham risk score was calculated and high risk individuals were given a clinical summary sheet signed by a clinical pharmacist and were encouraged to follow up with their physician. Subjects were contacted one month after the recruitment period and their adherence to the follow up recommendation was recorded. Results: Data from 287 participants were analyzed and 146 were referred due to at least one abnormal laboratory test. The results showed 26 patients with cardiovascular disease risk greater than 20%, 32 high systolic blood pressure, 22 high diastolic blood pressures, 50 high total cholesterol levels, 108 low HDL-C levels, and 22 abnormal blood glucose levels. Approximately half of the individuals who received a follow up recommendation had made an appointment with their physician. Overall, 15.9% of the individuals received medications and 15.9% received appropriate advice for risk factor modification. Moreover, 7.5% were under evaluation by a physician. Conclusion: A screening program in a community pharmacy has the potential to identify patients with elevated cardiovascular risk factor. A plan for increased patient adherence to follow up recommendations is required.
Series Synchronized Triple Bias-Flip (S-S3BF) Interface Circuit for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

This paper introduces the series synchronized triple bias-flip (S-S3BF) interface circuit for piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) enhancement. The S-S3BF topology is derived from its parallel counterpart (P-S3BF), which was proved to offer the maximum energy harvesting capability when three bias-flip actions are implemented. The S-S3BF is a little bit less capable than P-S3BF. However, it eliminates the circuit components by removing the bridge rectifier connected in parallel, such that can use only one capacitor to realize the bias voltages and energy storage simultaneously. Compared to the other single capacitor designs, the S-S3BF makes the best energy harvesting capability so far. Moreover, S-S3BF can automatically shift among single, double, and triple bias-flip operations under heavy, medium, and light load conditions, respectively. Therefore, it is more adaptive than previous designs. Theoretical and experimental results show that the harvested power can always follow the envelope (best case) of the single, double, and triple bias-flip operations during an entire charging process.
Static Mitigation of Volumetric Risk

We consider the problem of designing a financial instrument aimed at mitigating the joint exposure of energy-linked commitments to random price and volume delivery fluctuations. We formulate a functional optimization problem over a set of regular payoff functions: one is written on energy price, while the other is issued over any index exhibiting statistical correlation to volumetric load. On theoretical grounds, we derive closed-form expressions for both payoff structures under suitable conditions about the statistical properties of the underlying variables; we pursue analytical computations in the context of a lognormal market model and deliver explicit formulas for the optimal derivative instruments. On practical grounds, we first develop a comparative analysis of model output through simulation experiments; next, we perform an empirical study based on data quoted at EPEX SPOT power market. Our results suggest that combined price-volume hedging performance improves along with an increase of the correlation between load and index values. This outcome paves the way for a new class of effective strategies for managing volumetric risk upon extreme temperature waves.
Inhibitory Fcγ Receptor Is Required for the Maintenance of Tolerance through Distinct Mechanisms

The inhibitory FcγR FcγRIIB is widely expressed on B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and myeloid effector cells and modulates a variety of Ab-driven in vivo functions. Although it has been established that FcγRIIB plays an important role in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance, the responsible cell-specific FcγRIIB expression remains to be determined. In this study, we generated mice with selective deletion of FcγRIIB in B cells, DCs, and myeloid effector cells and evaluated these novel strains in models of tolerance and autoimmune diseases. Our results demonstrate that mice with selective deletion of FcγRIIB expression in B cells and DCs have increased Ab and T cell responses, respectively, and display enhanced susceptibility to disease in distinct models, suggesting that FcγRIIB expression in distinct cellular populations contributes to the maintenance of peripheral tolerance through different mechanisms.
Codevelopment of externalizing and internalizing symptoms in middle to late childhood: Sex, baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity as predictors

Abstract We investigated the roles of sex and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of autonomic parasympathetic nervous system activity, as predictors of codeveloping externalizing and internalizing symptoms in middle childhood. We expected that sex, baseline RSA (RSA-B), and RSA reactivity (RSA-R) to two types of tasks would interact to differentiate co-occurring trajectories of symptoms. We tested these hypotheses by combining longitudinal data from two independent samples (n = 390; 210 girls, 180 boys) with repeated measures at ages 8, 9, 10, and 11. RSA-R was measured in response to a socially stressful and frustrating stressor. Indicators of growth in externalizing and internalizing symptoms were derived from multiple domain growth models and used in person-centered growth mixture analyses. Three groups of externalizing and internalizing trajectories were found. Profile membership was predicted by several two-way interactions among sex, RSA-B, or RSA-R but was not predicted by three-way interactions. Children with low RSA-B and strong RSA withdrawal, girls with low RSA-B, and girls with strong RSA withdrawal were more likely to be on a developmental trajectory of low externalizing symptoms and moderately elevated internalizing symptoms. Membership in the high externalizing and high internalizing trajectory was predicted by weak RSA withdrawal for boys and strong RSA withdrawal for girls. The type of stressor task also played a role in predicting probability of profile membership. Results are discussed in the context of developmental psychobiology and implications for the codevelopment of psychopathology symptoms in childhood.
Does Algorithmic Trading Deter Information Acquisition?

I demonstrate an important tension between acquiring information and incorporating it into asset prices. As a salient case, I analyze algorithmic trading (AT), which is typically associated with improved price efficiency. Using a new measure of the information content of prices and a comprehensive panel of 54,879 stock-quarters of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) market data, I establish instead that the amount of information in prices decreases by 9% to 13% per standard deviation of AT activity and up to a month before scheduled disclosures. AT thus may reduce price informativeness despite its importance for translating available information into prices. Received May 21, 2016; editorial decision October 25, 2017 by Editor Itay Goldstein. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University PressWeb site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Implant survival in periodontally compromised patients.

BACKGROUND Relatively little is known on the long-term prognosis of implants inserted in partially edentulous, periodontally compromised patients. METHODS A total of 258 conventional implants, 57 two-stage and 201 one-stage implants, which were inserted in 32 and 108 patients, respectively, between June 1988 and June 2002 were followed with respect to their survival, as well as the periodontal parameters bone loss, probing depth, and bleeding on probing. All patients were periodontally compromised who had undergone periodontal surgery and were considered able to maintain a high standard of oral hygiene. RESULTS The 5-year survival rates were 97% and 94%, respectively, for the two- and the one-stage implants. The 10-year survival rate remained high at 97% for the two-stage implants, but had dropped to 78% for the one-stage implants. Smoking, short implant length, and insertion during the later period (1995-2002) were found to be associated with an increased failure rate. CONCLUSIONS Implants placed in patients with a history of periodontitis have a 5-year survival similar to that observed for implants installed in non-diseased persons. Although the 10-year survival of the one-stage implants was somewhat lower than has been observed for non-diseased patients, implant placement remains a good treatment alternative also for periodontally compromised patients.
Effect of Ramadan on the Diurnal Variation in Short‐Term High Power Output

This study examined the effects of Ramadan fasting on anaerobic performances and their diurnal fluctuations. In a balanced and randomized study design, 12 subjects were measured for maximal power (Pmax; force‐velocity test), peak power (Ppeak), and mean power (Pmean) with the Wingate test at 07:00, 17:00, and 21:00 h on four different occasions: one week before Ramadan (BR), the second week of Ramadan (SWR), the fourth week of Ramadan (ER), and two weeks after Ramadan (AR). There was an interval of 28 h between any two successive tests. Oral temperature was measured before each test. Under each condition, the results showed a time‐of‐day effect on oral temperature. Analysis of variance revealed a significant (Ramadan×time‐of‐day of test) interaction effect on Pmax. This variable improved significantly from morning to evening before Ramadan (1.1±0.2 W · kg−1), during the second week of Ramadan (0.6±0.2 W · kg−1), and two weeks after the end of Ramadan (0.9±0.2 W · kg−1). However, daily fluctuations disappeared during the fourth week of Ramadan. For Ppeak and Pmean, there was no significant Ramadan×test‐time interaction. These variables improved significantly from morning to evening before Ramadan ([1±0.3 W · kg−1] for Ppeak and [1.7±1.6 W · kg−1] for Pmean) and in the second week of Ramadan ([0.9±0.6 W · kg−1] for Ppeak and [1.7±1.5 W · kg−1] for Pmean). However, they were not affected by time‐of‐day in the fourth week of Ramadan. Considering the effect of Ramadan on anaerobic performances, in comparison with before Ramadan, no significant difference was observed during Ramadan at 07:00 h. The variables were significantly lower in the second week of Ramadan and in the fourth week of Ramadan at 17:00 h and 21:00 h. Pmean was not affected during the second week of Ramadan. In conclusion, the time‐of‐day effect on anaerobic power variables tends to disappear during Ramadan. In comparison with the period before Ramadan, anaerobic performances were unaffected in the morning but impaired in the evening during Ramadan.
‘It is hard at school, but I do my best to cope.’: the educational experience of multilingual immigrant youth in high school

ABSTRACT This study explored how 60 trilingual immigrant youth interpret and make sense of their educational experiences in Israeli schools. Conceptualizing the language knowledge of multilingual individuals as one unitary system, the study is based on the assumption that a fuller understanding of students’ educational experiences can be obtained by examining their written expression about school experiences in the three languages at their disposal: Russian (L1), Hebrew (L2) and English (L3), which were elicited via letter writing tasks. A total of 180 letters (60 letters in each language) were analysed through qualitative content analyses revealing five interrelated themes depicting immigrant youths’ scholastic studies as a complex multifaceted experience intertwined with issues of language, culture, identity, and social struggles. The findings provide insights into how the language repertoire of immigrant youth is powerfully linked to their sense of self, educational circumstances, and acculturation.
Nivolumab for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Randomized Phase II Trial.

PURPOSE Nivolumab is a fully human immunoglobulin G4 programmed death-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody that restores T-cell immune activity. This phase II trial assessed the antitumor activity, dose-response relationship, and safety of nivolumab in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with clear-cell mRCC previously treated with agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway were randomly assigned (blinded ratio of 1:1:1) to nivolumab 0.3, 2, or 10 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks. The primary objective was to evaluate the dose-response relationship as measured by progression-free survival (PFS); secondary end points included objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS A total of 168 patients were randomly assigned to the nivolumab 0.3- (n = 60), 2- (n = 54), and 10-mg/kg (n = 54) cohorts. One hundred eighteen patients (70%) had received more than one prior systemic regimen. Median PFS was 2.7, 4.0, and 4.2 months, respectively (P = .9). Respective ORRs were 20%, 22%, and 20%. Median OS was 18.2 months (80% CI, 16.2 to 24.0 months), 25.5 months (80% CI, 19.8 to 28.8 months), and 24.7 months (80% CI, 15.3 to 26.0 months), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse event (AE) was fatigue (24%, 22%, and 35%, respectively). Nineteen patients (11%) experienced grade 3 to 4 treatment-related AEs. CONCLUSION Nivolumab demonstrated antitumor activity with a manageable safety profile across the three doses studied in mRCC. No dose-response relationship was detected as measured by PFS. These efficacy and safety results in mRCC support study in the phase III setting.
“It is not possible for me to have diabetes”–Community Perceptions on Diabetes and Its Risk Factors in Rural Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia

Accumulating evidence suggests that negative perceptions towards diabetes can limit the management and prevention of the disease. The negative perceptions towards diabetes are prevalent in many different settings, especially among rural communities. Few qualitative studies have been performed to understand how the community views diabetes and its associated risk factors. This study aimed to explore general community perceptions of diabetes and its risk factors in rural Indonesia. A total of 68 participants were recruited to 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) comprised of different age groups and sexes. The FGDs were conducted in six villages in rural Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia, from 2011 to 2012. All FGDs were recorded and transcribed. Qualitative content analysis was performed to describe and analyse how the rural community perceived diabetes and its risk factors. Diabetes was perceived as a visible and scary sugar disease, and the affected individuals themselves were blamed for getting the disease. Recognised as ‘sugar’ or ‘sweet-pee’ disease with terrifying effects, diabetes was believed to be a disease with no cure. The participants seemed to have an unrealistic optimism with regards to the diabetes risk factors. They believed that diabetes would not affect them, only others, and that having family members with diabetes was necessary for one to develop diabetes. Our findings demonstrate that rural communities have negative perceptions about diabetes and at the same time individuals have unrealistic optimism about their own risk factors. Understanding how such communities perceive diabetes and its risk factors is important for planning prevention strategies. Health messages need to be tailored to health-related behaviours and the local culture’s concepts of diseases and risk factors.
Computerized ambulatory monitoring in psychiatry: a multi‐site collaborative study of acceptability, compliance, and reactivity

Computerized ambulatory monitoring overcomes a number of methodological and conceptual challenges to studying mental disorders, however concerns persist regarding the feasibility of this approach with severe psychiatric samples and the potential of intensive monitoring to influence data quality. This multi‐site investigation evaluates these issues in four independent samples. Patients with schizophrenia (n = 56), substance dependence (n = 85), anxiety disorders (n = 45), and a non‐clinical sample (n = 280) were contacted to participate in investigations using computerized ambulatory monitoring. Micro‐computers were used to administer electronic interviews several times per day for a one‐week period. Ninety‐five percent of contacted individuals agreed to participate in the study, and minimum compliance was achieved by 96% of these participants. Seventy‐eight percent of all programmed assessments were completed overall, and only 1% of micro‐computers were not returned to investigators. There was no evidence that missing data or response time increased over the duration of the study, suggesting that fatigue effects were negligible. The majority of variables investigated did not change in frequency as a function of study duration, however some evidence was found that socially sensitive behaviors changed in a manner consistent with reactivity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mild hypothermia during prolonged cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation increases conscious survival in dogs*

Objective:Therapeutic hypothermia during cardiac arrest and after restoration of spontaneous circulation enables intact survival after prolonged cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR). The effect of cooling during CPCR is not known. We hypothesized that mild to moderate hypothermia during CPCR would increase the rate of neurologically intact survival after prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs. Design:Randomized, controlled study using a clinically relevant cardiac arrest outcome model in dogs. Setting:University research laboratory. Subjects:Twenty-seven custom-bred hunting dogs (19–29 kg; three were excluded from outcome evaluation). Interventions:Dogs were subjected to cardiac arrest no-flow of 3 mins, followed by 7 mins of basic life support and 10 mins of simulated unsuccessful advanced life support attempts. Another 20 mins of advanced life support continued with four treatments: In control group 1 (n = 7), CPCR was with normothermia; in group 2 (n = 6, 1 of 7 excluded), with moderate hypothermia via venovenous extracorporeal shunt cooling to tympanic temperature 27°C; in group 3 (n = 6, 2 of 8 excluded), the same as group 2 but with mild hypothermia, that is, tympanic temperature 34°C; and in group 4 (n = 5), with normothermic venovenous shunt. After 40 mins of ventricular fibrillation, reperfusion was with cardiopulmonary bypass for 4 hrs, including defibrillation to achieve spontaneous circulation. All dogs were maintained at mild hypothermia (tympanic temperature 34°C) to 12 hrs. Intensive care was to 96 hrs. Measurements and Main Results:Overall performance categories and neurologic deficit scores were assessed from 24 to 96 hrs. Regional and total brain histologic damage scores and extracerebral organ damage were assessed at 96 hrs. In normothermic groups 1 and 4, all 12 dogs achieved spontaneous circulation but remained comatose and (except one) died within 58 hrs with multiple organ failure. In hypothermia groups 2 and 3, all 12 dogs survived to 96 hrs without gross extracerebral organ damage (p < .0001). In group 2, all but one dog achieved overall performance category 1 (normal); four of six dogs had no neurologic deficit and normal brain histology. In group 3, all dogs achieved good functional outcome with normal or near-normal brain histology. Myocardial damage scores were worse in the normothermic groups compared with both hypothermic groups (p < .01). Conclusion:Mild or moderate hypothermia during prolonged CPCR in dogs preserves viability of extracerebral organs and improves outcome.
Experiments on Lotteries for Shrouded and Bundled Goods: Investigating the Economics of Fukubukuro

Fukubukuro (or lucky bag) is a familiar institution in Japan and many other countries used by retailers for disposing of unwanted stock during the New Year sales. Two features of the institution are important: First, in fukubukuro, stores bundle goods of related items into sealed bags rather than selling items separately. Secondly, while general information about the contents is provided, details of brands and specifications are concealed creating a lottery for the purchaser. Motivated by the fukubukuro example and the lack of evidence on risk attitudes in lotteries involving goods, we conduct a laboratory experiment and follow-up survey to investigate preferences for lotteries in which the outcomes are bundled or unbundled goods. In general, we find that risk has a negative effect on subjects’ WTP for a product lottery. Nevertheless, a minority of subjects are risk-seeking and value the lottery more highly than the highest valued individual product. Conversely, we do not find much evidence of an uncertainty effect. Although subjects’ WTP responses to bundled product lotteries are less heterogeneous than their responses to single product lotteries, there is no significant advantage of selling bundled product lotteries over single product lotteries in relation to subjects’ risk preferences. We follow up the experiment with a hypothetical choice questionnaire in which we confront subjects with three options for a variety of goods: a certain product, its substitute, and a product lottery. We find that subjects who are riskseeking or have less product knowledge and familiarity are more likely to choose a product lottery. Furthermore, subjects are more likely to choose a product lottery when the choice task consists of complex products rather than simple products. We speculate that risk seeking and less-informed subjects may find a lottery between products to be a direct and simple way to solve their buying decision tasks.