Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GEOLOGY OF THE MENDERES MASSIF AND THE LYCIAN NAPPES SOUTH OF DENİZLİ, WESTERN TAURIDES

Mount Honaz region in the Western Taurides is made up of superimposed several tectonic units. In the west, monotonous green metashales called the Honaz shale occur at the base of the tectonic stack. Honaz shale is tectonically overlain by weakly metamorphosed, massif white limestone, thinly bedded cherty limestone and shale which covers the Mendercs massif. Menderes massif is in turn tectonically overlain by the Sandak complex of the Lycian nappes made up of Mesozoic dolo- mites and limestones and ophiolite mainly of harzburgite lies oven the Sandak complex. All these tectonic units form an eastward overturned major anticline called the Honaz anticline; a pelagic sedimentary sequence of Late Cretaceous—Middle/Late Eocene age, called the Gobecik Tepe complex, occurs tectonically beneath the overturned limb of the Honaz anticline. The Gobecik Tepe complex constitutes the relative autochthonous in the region of the Mount Honaz. Different tectonic units in the Mount Honaz re- gion show effects of Late Cretaceous, Middle Eocene and Late Eocene/Oligocene tectonics. Obduction of the ophiolite over the Sandak complex probably occurred during the Late Cretaceous, while the age of thrusting of the Sandak complex over the Men- deres massif is probably Middle Eocene. Emplacement of these tectonic units over the Gobecik Tepe complex and the formation of the Honaz anticline is of Late Eocene/Oligocene age.
The Influence of Organizational and Environmental Factors on Cost Systems Design in Egypt

This paper aims at examining the extent to which organizational and environmental factors influence the cost systems design in Egyptian manufacturing firms. We use a questionnaire to survey a sample of Egyptian privately held firms in a wide spectrum of industrial sectors. The findings of this study will help management and practitioners in the Egyptian industrial sector to design effective cost systems with a certain level of sophistication that rationalize decisions and improve manufacturing performance. This study is one of few surveys that examine the impact of contextual factors on the product cost sophistication level and manufacturing performance in the Egyptian context.
The Use of Agent-Based Modelling to Establish a Link between Agricultural Policy Reform and Structural Change

This paper motivates the use of agent-based modelling to study policy impacts on systems of heterogeneous, individually acting agents, such as agricultural structures. The paper presents the model AgriPoliS and an application to a region in southwest Germany. The policies considered in the simulation experiments aim at increasing the efficient allocation of production factors. Results show that policies providing incentives for small farms to leave the sector speed up structural change and increase efficiency. The paper ends with an extensive discussion of model results, and the approach.
Associations of milk protein polymorphism and milk production traits and udder health traits in Finnish Ayrshire cows

Milk with good coagulation properties is expected to give more cheese with desirable composition than milk with poor properties. In addition, high casein concentration, especially -casein concentration, and casein number are beneficial in cheese production. Some milk protein genotypes, especially -casein genotypes with the B allele, have been reported to have favorable associations with the above characteristics (e.g., Davoli et al. 1990; van den Berg et al. 1992; Macheboeuf et al. 1993; Ikonen et al. 1997; Ikonen et al. 1999a; Ikonen et al. 1999c).
Does Ethnic Conflict Pay?

It is often argued that ethnic conflict is an extreme example of nepotism, and is genetically based. This may be so: in the EEA (the environment of evolutionary adaptedness), such conflict may have been fitness improving, and we may be descended from those who participated successfully in such conflicts. This would provide us with a “taste” for xenophobia. But this taste can be overcome relatively easily, as shown by the changes in behavior in the United States in the 50 years since racial segregation was outlawed. Moreover, in today's world, such conflict does not provide benefits. There are several reasons for this, but the most important (and one that is often overlooked, even by evolutionists) is the possibility of gains from trade in exchanges between ethnic groups. While ethnic relations in the EEA may have approximated a zero-sum game, today a prisoner's dilemma is a more appropriate model for interactions, so that there are significant gains from cooperation. If we want to reduce the amount of conflict in the world, it is probably better to rely on increasing gains from trade than on increased size of in-groups, since the latter strategy will reach a natural limit.
“Some do and some doesn’t”: Verbal concord variation in the north of the British Isles

Among the chief characteristics of the northern dialects since Middle English times has been the so-called Northern Subject Rule, a systemic split in the verbal concord system which allows for invariant verbal -s forms everywhere except when the verb is directly accompanied by a simple personal pronoun. This study provides a geographical and comparative survey of the reflexes of this pattern in the northern dialects, drawing attention to their variability and to their interaction with other related and/or competing patterns of concord variation. A corpus investigation reveals that over and above the ‘hard’ constraints that define the Northern Subject Rule as such, there exist a number of ‘soft’ probabilistic constraints governing its effects which are also near-universally shared between the varieties in question. I then go on to discuss the likely paths of historical development that have given rise to this grammatical pattern, and critically review some attempts that have been made to account for it in terms of formal syntactic theories. I show that existing formal models fail to account for the range of variability of this pattern, both in a comparative, diatopic perspective and on the level of individual speakers. I finally argue that variation phenomena of this kind can theoretically be better accounted for in a usage-based model in the vein of current functionalist and emergentist theories.
The role of seat belt in the prevention of fatalities and determination of fatality index of road traffic accidents in Rivers state

Background Road traffic crashes still remain a prominent cause of death worldwide but proper use of safety belts can prevent death in some of these accidents. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the role of seat beltuse I violation in Rivers State, Nigeria and to determine its relationship with fatality of road traffic accidents. Method The study was a retrospective study conducted in conjunction with the FRSC on the incidence of RTA in the Rivers State located in the South Southern region of Nigeria. Relevant information was requested from the research and statistics department of the corporation. These comprised the number of vehicular accidents before and after the enforcement of seat belt law, seat belt violations and the number of injured persons and deaths. Results From1970 to 1985, there were a total of4211 accidents, out of which fatal accidents constituted only 15%, deaths recorded were 439 and total casualties were 407 5 per 100,000 of the population and between 2005 and 2012,total number of accidents was 452 out of which fatal accidents constituted 25%. There were a total of 367 deaths and 2193 injured per 100,000 of the population. Conclusion The relationships of seat belt use I violation and outcomes of RTA in Rivers State were not statistically significant in this study. With the increased motorization and populationin the country and state,some benefit was observed in this present study in Nigeria, with the serious enforcement of seatbelt laws. Keywords : Seat belt; Road crashes; fatality index; Port Harcourt.
Title : A comparison of conventional and 137 Cs-based estimates of soil erosion rates on arable and grassland across lowland England and Wales

Soils deliver a range of ecosystem services and underpin conventional global food production which must increase to feed the projected growth in human population. Although soil erosion by water and subsequent sediment delivery to rivers are natural processes, anthropogenic pressures, including modern farming practices and management, have accelerated soil erosion rates on both arable and grassland. A range of approaches can be used to assess and document soil erosion rates and, in the case of the UK, these mainly comprise the Cs-based approach, conventional surveys using volumetric measurements, integration of information on suspended sediment flux, fine sediment source apportionment and landscape sediment retention and traditional bounded hydrological monitoring at edge-of-field using experimental platforms. We compare the erosion rates for arable and grassland in lowland England assessed by these different techniques. Rates assessed by volumetric measurements are similar to those generated by integrating information on suspended sediment flux, sources and landscape retention, but are much less than those estimated by the Cs-based approach; of the order of one magnitude less for arable land. The Cs approach assumes an initial distribution of Cs uniformly spread across the landscape and relates the sampled distribution to erosion, but other (transport) processes are also involved and their representation in the calibration procedures remains problematic. We suggest that the Cs technique needs to be validated more rigorously and conversion models re-calibrated. As things stand, rates of erosion based on the distribution of Cs may well overstate the severity of the problem in lowland Britain and, therefore, are not a reliable indicator of water erosion rates.
Improving innovation culture by demonstrator design

In this paper, we present a case study from a high-tech manufacturing company in Norway. The project was a close collaboration between managers and engineers from the R&D department in an industrial tool manufacturer and a cross disciplinary team of researchers from an independent research institute and a university. The overall aim of the project was to revitalize and improve the manufacturer's innovation culture by focusing on real design challenges the R&D department had to solve. Throughout an action research project, new innovation approaches and tools for collaboration and knowledge sharing were introduced to the company. The participants' reflections on their own individual and collective praxis were point of departure for a digital demonstrator of innovation culture. The overall aim of the research project was to a) investigate critical elements of what constitutes innovation culture in a Norwegian manufacturing company and b) to develop and distribute these elements as ICT-based learning histories in a web-based demonstrator. The evaluation of the research project concludes that innovation tools and approaches implemented in the company through the action research project increased the momentum in the development work. Still, disruptive innovation can easily be slowed down by practical challenges and changes in priorities. In addition, developing a digital demonstrator was a resource demanding process. It was evaluated by the company, but could not be implemented. Nevertheless, by developing the demonstrator the researchers analyzed the company's innovation culture from diverse perspectives and discussed a broad range of topics with company representatives.
Effect of cold plasma surface pre-treatment of wheat straw particles on straw board properties

Effects of the plasma treatment were evaluated for particles from winter wheat stalks relative to the properties of particleboards manufactured from such treated particles. Using urea-formaldehyde adhesive, boards with a nominal density of 540 kg/m3 and a thickness of 6 mm were manufactured. Two degrees of plasma treatment were selected: cold plasma applied at atmospheric pressure by jet system, with a generator output voltage of 26.9 V and a current of 6.9 A; and in the second treatment, a maximum voltage of 28.6 V was used with a current of 8.7 A. The physical properties (equilibrium moisture content and thickness swelling depending on relative humidity) and mechanical properties (bending strength and tensile strength perpendicular to the plane of the board) were determined. The results showed that the plasma pre-treatment of particles had a statistically significant effect on the resulting composite properties. The mechanical properties of the boards increased with both plasma treatments, but the physical properties changed negatively. Boards manufactured from particles treated with a higher degree of plasma treatment resulted in significantly higher equilibrium moisture contents and thickness swelling than the reference boards.
Functions of Lr genes beside reduction of Puccinia triticina.

Wheat leaf rust race specific resistance controlling genes (Lr) caused 0.01-0.03 decrease of SAGR = divided first two internodes with stem length. In addition, nitrogen transport in upper parts by those genes was 3-19% higher in comparison to near isogenic lines with nonspecific Lr 22a and Lr 22b genes. RAR (divided root nitrogen content with sum of up ground and root ones) values of Lr16, Lr29 and Lr37 between Lr1, Lr15 or Lr19 and nonspecific genes were explained by hydrolytic stability of endo-proteases responsible for cleaving of glutens disulphide bridges. According to RAR, Lr 34 seemed to be specific Lr gene but increased SAGR as was by nonspecific Lr genes focused SUTs as adequate for its conformity. Two different drought and heat stress respond systems were linked to Lr genes; one based on gluten degradation consequential through photosynthesis decrease and another on accelerated transfer of starch products and water in stem.
SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE GENUS LACHESIS DAUDIN, 1803 (SERPENTES, VIPERIDAE)

The genus Lachesis Daudin, 1803 was partitioned into six geographic groups to evaluate the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships among these groups. Characters of external morphology and hemipenial anatomy were evaluated. Results obtained through the phylogenetic and statistical analyses support recognition of the Central American species L. melanocephala and L. stenophrys as distinct species, whereas the South American L. muta is recognized as monotypic, without further differentiation in subspecies. These results provide further evidence of the independence of the Central American and South American lineages and are congruent with other studies based on molecular data.
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK o f ATLANTA WORKING PAPER SERIES The Role of Commodity Prices in Forecasting U . S . Core Inflation

This note documents a curious finding about the substantial forecast ability of a simple aggregator of three commodity futures prices for U.S. core inflation. The proposed aggregator reduces the out-of-sample root mean squared error for 12-month-ahead inflation forecasts of the benchmark AR(1) model by 28 percent (20 percent) for the PCE (CPI) measure of core inflation. To avoid obfuscation of the sources of forecast ability, the model is intentionally kept simple, although extensions for improving and increasing the robustness of the forecast procedure are also discussed. JEL classification: C53, E37, G12
Studies on urea treated rice milling waste and its application as animal feed

The composition of urea treated rice milling waste and its application as animal feed was studied. The proximate analysis of the urea treated rice milling waste showed that it contained 94.90% dry matter, 10.38% crude protein, 5.89% crude fibre, 0.16% ether extract, 7.47% ash, and 54.81% nitrogen-free extracts. The untreated rice milling waste contained 94.34% dry matter, 9.11% crude protein, 6.37% crude fibre, 0.18% ether extract, 8.11% ash, and 54.69% nitrogen-free extracts. Four experimental diets were prepared containing two different levels (30 and 35%) each of untreated and urea treated rice milling waste mixed with commercial pelletized chick mash to assess their effects on weaner rabbits. Data on the feed intake, growth rate, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of weaner rabbits fed diets containing two different levels each of untreated and urea treated rice milling waste were compared using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). There were no significant effects (P > 0.05) of dietary treatment and level of inclusion for average feed intake, average body weight gain, and the FCR. The study indicated that rabbits can be successfully raised on a commercial chick mash mixed with 35% rice milling waste treated or untreated without any adverse effect on growth.
Adolescent Alcohol , Tobacco , & Marijuana Use through the Application of Routine Activities Theory

Routine activities theory states that crime occurs when a motivated offender encounters a suitable target in the absence of capable guardianship. Adolescent substance use is promoted by an increase in the access to the target substance and a decrease in capable guardianship. Data for the present study was obtained from Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC), 20052006, administered in the United States. The results demonstrated that adolescents were more likely to smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol, and use marijuana if they were older, if maternal monitoring was low, if paternal monitoring was low, if more siblings were present in the home, if the adolescent hung out with friends more frequently, and if more friends used the respective substance. When gender and race were included, age was associated with increased substance use for females. Maternal monitoring had a stronger effect than paternal monitoring on substance use. Peer use and frequency of association were significant regardless of race and gender. Policy implications include implementing prevention programs that target at-risk youth who report a high number of friends using substances. Programming should also target nonWhite parents of large families and mothers, teaching these individuals parenting skills.
Ferromagnetic nanoparticles with strong surface anisotropy: Spin structures and magnetization processes

Monte Carlo simulations are used to investigate the effect of surface anisotropy on the spin configurations and hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Spherical particles of radius a are composed of N atoms located on a simple cubic lattice with interatomic spacing a. The particles have 213. A classical Heisenberg model is assumed, with surface and bulk anisotropy. When surface anisotropy is positive there are two types of ground states separated by a large energy barrier: a “throttled” configuration with reduced magnetization for intermediate values of surface anisotropy and a “hedgehog” configuration with zero magnetization in the strong surface anisotropy limit. Beyond a threshold, surface anisotropy of either sign induces 111 easy axes for the net magnetization. Easy-axis hysteresis loops are then square, with a continuous approach to saturation, and the effective anisotropy is deduced either from the switching field or from the initial slope of the perpendicular magnetization curve. The hedgehog state shows a stepwise magnetization curve involving discrete configurations, and it passes to a throttled configuration before saturating. The hysteresis loop has the unusual feature that it involves a state in the first quadrant, which lies on the reversible initial magnetization curve; it is possible to recover the zero-field cooled state after saturation. A survey of the exchange and anisotropy parameters for a range of ferromagnetic materials indicates that the effects of surface anisotropy on the spin configuration should be most evident in nanoparticles of ferromagnetic actinide compounds such as US, and rare-earth metals and alloys with Curie points below room temperature; the effects in nanoparticles of 3d ferromagnets and their alloys are usually insignificant, with the possible exception of FePt.
The Nature of Caregiver Supervision of Young Children in Public Pools

This study examined the level of caregiver supervision when children were engaged in active play at public pools. A six-hour unobtrusive observation period was conducted at six different indoor aquatic venues with caregivers accompanying children aged < 10 years eligible to be monitored. Child behavior, corresponding caregiver supervision, and the willingness of parents to intervene when children exhibited unsafe behaviors all were considered. Environmental factors and pool conditions were also recorded. Chi-square tests illustrated that increased supervision was associated with decreased incidents and lower risk behaviors. Supervision was significantly affected by child and caregiver age, number of children for whom caregivers were responsible, and child swimming ability. The nature of caregiver supervision in aquatic settings requires further investigation to enable the development of effective programs to address poor supervision practices. Drowning represents the second leading cause of unintentional injury death
Influence of feeding full-fat linseed and rapeseed on the morphology of small intestinal mucosa in broiler chickens

Three groups of 12 broiler chickens were fed from 8 to 21 day of life wheat-based, xylanase-supplemented diets containing 80 g crude fat/kg; control diet contained lard, diet L 80 g linseed, diet R 100 g rapeseed per kg. Growth performance data were recorded, than 6 chickens from each group were killed after 17 h of food deprivation, and 3 parts of small intestine were incised, fixed and mounted in paraplast. The histomorphometry of villi, crypts and tunica muscularis and submucosa was performed using light microscopy. Birds from group L were significantly heavier than from R group (P<0.05), due to higher feed intake, other differences were not significant. Histological observations on small intestinal mucosa showed elongation of the villi, greater depth of crypts and greater thickness of intestinal wall in jejunum and ileum in L and R chickens in comparison with control group (P<0.05). The changes in morphological structure of intestinal wall may indicate on a shift in a site of the absorption of nutrients within the digestive tract of chickens fed diets with linseed and rapeseed.
Evaluation of high school reading motivational programs

Jeffrey A. Dilks EVALUATION OF HIGH SCHOOL READING MOTIVATIONAL PROGRAMS 2004/05 Dr. Marilyn Shontz Master of Arts in School and Public Librarianship Purposes of this study were to identify 1) what were some of the reading incentive or reading motivational programs used in grades 9-12 throughout the country; 2) and which programs were deemed successful by library media specialists and on what basis. In order to achieve this goal, high school library media specialists throughout the country were surveyed via LM_Net listserv to see what reading incentive programs they were using, if any at all, and if they determined the programs were successful, how they measured the success of the programs. There were a total of 21 respondents. Results demonstrated that there were few programs in place; most were believed to be successful; and methods for implementation, and program evaluation for success were very diverse. Results also indicated that there was a relationship between measured success rates and media specialists' role in identified program. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It is with great appreciation that this project is dedicated to those individuals that made this accomplishment possible. None of this would be possible without the love and support of Mrs. Mary Jayne Dilks, Miss Tabitha Dilks, Miss Hannah Dilks, Miss Alayna Dilks, Mrs. Karen Ann Sheldon and Dr. Marilyn Shontz. Thanks for all that you have done.