Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concurrent sarcoidosis and lung cancer.

2009;136;943 Chest Jerome M. Reich Concurrent Sarcoidosis and Lung Cancer http://chestjournal.chestpubs. org/content/136/3/943.1. full.html services can be found online on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and ISSN:0012-3692 ) http://chestjournal.chestpubs. org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml ( written permission of the copyright holder. this article or PDF may be reproduced or distributed without the prior Dundee Road, Northbrook, IL 60062. All rights reserved. No part of Copyright2009by the American College of Chest Physicians, 3300 Physicians. It has been published monthly since 1935. is the official journal of the American College of Chest Chest
CARD: a software requirements definition environment

Computer-aided requirements definition methods/environment are presented. A composite requirements model (requirements frame) is proposed, and several supporting methods of software requirements definition based on the model are developed. They are: analysis of requirements; describing requirements; verification of an SRS (software requirements specification); SRS execution; and software preliminary design. With these methods, it is possible to obtain an SRS of good quality (correctness, testability, traceability, feasibility, and usability). The authors have been developing an environment of requirements definition, named CARD, by using these methods. They present some examples of experimental uses of CARD. <<ETX>>
Depression among general hospital patients in Greece

ABSTRACT We estimated the prevalence of depression in 150 medical and surgical inpatients. Forty‐three patients (29%) scoring at 14 or above on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were classified as depressed. An excess of women and white‐collar workers and more stressful life events during the last 12 months were found among the depressed patients. Of the 21 BDI items, 6 differentiated the 43 medical‐surgical depressed patients from a group of 43 psychiatric inpatients with a diagnosis of primary or secondary depression (Feighner's criteria). Medically ill depressed patients scored higher in social withdrawal, work inhibition and irritability but lower in loss of libido, sleep disturbance, and lack of satisfaction. Our results show rates of depression in a medical inpatient population in Greece comparable with those in other studies. The use of BDI may help assessment of depression in general hospital patients.
Reverse transcription of 7S L RNA by an avian retrovirus

Linial et al. isolated a quail cell line, SE21Q1b, that is transformed by a single integrated provirus of Rous sarcoma virus. Virus particles are released from these cells, but because of a provirus defect, cellular rather than viral RNA is packaged. When these virus particles are disrupted with melittin in the presence of an appropriate reaction mixture containing actinomycin D, there is significant reverse transcription of packaged cellular RNA species. We have shown that (i) cellular 7S L RNA is an efficient template; (ii) initiation is on a unique tRNA-like primer; (iii) synthesis produces a 135-base strong-stop DNA product; and (iv) after synthesis, RNase H acts to remove the 135 bases of the 7S L RNA which acted as the template. A possible facilitator of such specific transcription may be that, in the virus particles but not in the cell, the majority of the 7S L RNA species exist complexed with the tRNA, even before the disruption of the virus. From the size and sequence features of the reverse transcript of 7S L RNA, we speculate that such events may have participated in the process by which animal cell genomes have, in the course of evolution, accumulated multiple copies of Alu-like elements.
The hidden treasure in nursing leadership: informal leaders.

AIM The goal of the present article was to generate awareness of characteristics of informal leaders in healthcare with the emphasis on nurses in acute care settings. There is limited research or literature regarding informal leaders in nursing and how they positively impact nursing management, the organization and, ultimately, patient care. Identification of nurses with leadership characteristics is important so that leadership development and mentoring can occur within the nursing profession. BACKGROUND More than ever, nursing needs energetic, committed and dedicated leaders to meet the challenges of the healthcare climate and the nursing shortage. This requires nurse leaders to consider all avenues to ensure the ongoing profitability and viability of their healthcare facility. KEY ISSUES This paper discusses clinical nurses as informal leaders; characteristics of the informal nurse leader, the role they play, how they impact their unit and how they shape the organization. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Informal nurse leaders are an underutilized asset in health care. If identified early, these nurses can be developed and empowered to impact unit performance, efficiency and environmental culture in a positive manner.
Evaluation of surface topography changes in three NiTi file systems using rotary and reciprocal motion: An atomic force microscopy study

Aim: To evaluate the surface topography changes in three nickel‐titanium (NiTi) file systems using either rotary or reciprocal motion using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and to determine the effect of scanning area on the AFM results in this study. Methodology: Five points on a F2 Protaper file, R25 Reciproc file, and a Primary file from WaveOne systems were scanned preoperatively in 1 × 1 and 5 × 5 µm2 with an AFM device that can scan an intact (not sectioned) file. One standardized resin block was used for each instrument, according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Points were re‐scanned postoperatively using the same AFM and settings. Root‐mean‐square (RMS) and roughness average (Ra) values were obtained. The preoperative and postoperative surface topographies were compared separately in terms of RMS and Ra values. The surface topography change scores were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests using a 0.10 significance level. Results: There were no significant differences preoperatively among the NiTi file systems in 1 × 1 or 5 × 5 µm2 areas. Postoperatively, the WaveOne Primary had more surface irregularities (significant for 5 × 5 µm2 scan in Ra evaluation). Conclusions: Three‐dimensional AFM images of instrument surfaces showed topographic irregularities preoperatively and postoperatively. AFM results differ depending on the scanning area and file used. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:177–182, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The carboxyl terminus of the murine MyD116 gene substitutes for the corresponding domain of the gamma(1)34.5 gene of herpes simplex virus to preclude the premature shutoff of total protein synthesis in infected human cells

The herpes simplex virus 1 mutants from which both copies of the gamma(1)34.5 gene had been deleted trigger total shutoff of protein synthesis in human neuroblastoma cells and human foreskin fibroblasts but not in African green monkey (Vero) cells. The carboxyl-terminal 64 amino acids of gamma(1)34.5 are homologous to the corresponding domain of MyD116, a murine myeloid differentiation primary responsive gene. The carboxyl-terminal domain of gamma(1)34.5 is required to preclude the shutoff of protein synthesis (J. Chou and B. Roizman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5247-5251, 1994). We report that in-frame substitution of the carboxyl terminus of gamma(1)34.5 with the corresponding domain of MyD116 in the context of the viral genome restored the ability of gamma(1)34.5 to preclude premature shutoff of protein synthesis in both neuroblastoma cells and in human foreskin fibroblasts. The results suggest that (i) in the course of its evolution, the virus "borrowed" a gene fragment to preclude a cell response to infection and (ii) the carboxyl terminus of MyD116 and its family of genes known as GADD34 may have a similar function(s) in cells stressed by growth arrest, DNA damage, and differentiation and in herpes simplex virus infection.
Routine measurement of IgM, IgG, and IgA rheumatoid factors: high sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value for rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the isotype specificity and clinical utility of routine testing by ELISA of IgM, IgG, and IgA rheumatoid factors (RF). METHODS The test was performed on 619 individual specimens: blood bank donors (n = 130); rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 139); connective tissue diseases (CTD, n = 71); miscellaneous rheumatic disorders (MRD, n = 91); and 188 consecutive clinical laboratory specimens that tested positive by latex agglutination. Rabbit IgG was used as the antigen attached to the solid phase, and rabbit IgG antibody-enzyme conjugates against IgM (Fc5mu), IgG[F(ab')2], and IgA (alpha chain) were used, respectively, to detect IgM, IgG, and IgA RF. The serum was digested with pepsin to facilitate the measurement of IgG RF. RESULTS All 3 isotypes were specifically identified; IgM RF was destroyed by pepsin and IgG RF was specifically measured, without interference from IgA RF. Using data obtained from 98 RA specimens and 162 disease controls, the 3 main clinical variables--sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value--were stratified according to 3 combinations of RF isotypes: IgM only (91, 76, and 62%); IgM+IgA (79, 89, and 80%), and IgM+IgG+IgA (53, 99, and 96%). For patients with the 3 isotypes plus > 150 U of IgM and/or IgA the clinical variables were 70, 97, and 93%. In patients with RA the IgG RF was found only in association with IgM RF, i.e., there was no "hidden" RF, and IgA RF was always accompanied by IgM RF. There was a continuous decline in all 3 RF isotypes during treatment with gold salts. The sensitivity of ELISA for IgM RF exceeded that of nephelometry or latex agglutination. CONCLUSION Routine measurement of IgM, IgG, and IgA RF by ELISA with rabbit IgG as the antigen and pepsin digestion for the detection of IgG RF provides useful information in the differential diagnosis of patients with arthritis.
High‐Attenuation Areas on Chest Computed Tomography and Clinical Respiratory Outcomes in Community‐Dwelling Adults

Rationale: Areas of increased lung attenuation visualized by computed tomography are associated with all‐cause mortality in the general population. It is uncertain whether this association is attributable to interstitial lung disease (ILD). Objectives: To determine whether high‐attenuation areas are associated with the risk of ILD hospitalization and mortality in the general population. Methods: We performed a cohort study of 6,808 adults aged 45‐84 years sampled from six communities in the United States. High‐attenuation areas were defined as the percentage of imaged lung volume with attenuation values between −600 and −250 Hounsfield units. An adjudication panel determined ILD hospitalization and death. Measurements and Main Results: After adjudication, 52 participants had a diagnosis of ILD during 75,232 person‐years (median, 12.2 yr) of follow‐up. There were 48 hospitalizations attributable to ILD (crude rate, 6.4 per 10,000 person‐years). Twenty participants died as a result of ILD (crude rate, 2.7 per 10,000 person‐years). High‐attenuation areas were associated with an increased rate of ILD hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.6 per 1‐SD increment in high‐attenuation areas; 95% confidence interval, 1.9‐3.5; P < 0.001), a finding that was stronger among men, African Americans, and Hispanics. High‐attenuation areas were also associated with an increased rate of ILD‐specific death (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.7‐3.0; P < 0.001). Our findings were consistent among both smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusions: Areas of increased lung attenuation are a novel risk factor for ILD hospitalization and mortality. Measurement of high‐attenuation areas by screening and diagnostic computed tomography may be warranted in at‐risk adults.
NEAR-NUCLEUS PHOTOMETRY OF OUTBURSTING COMET 17P/HOLMES

Comet 17P/Holmes underwent the largest cometary outburst in recorded history on UT 2007 October 23, releasing massive quantities of dust and gas. We used the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope to obtain wide-field images of 17P/Holmes on 15 dates over a period of three months following the outburst and employ them here to examine the subsequent activity of the nucleus and the nature of the ejecta closest to the nucleus. Through aperture photometry we observed the inner coma (within 2500 km of the nucleus) to fade from an apparent magnitude of 11.7 mag to 17.6 mag, corresponding to absolute magnitudes of 8.1 mag and 12.4 mag, between UT 2007 November 6 and 2008 February 12. A second much smaller outburst occurred on UT 2007 November 12, three weeks after the original outburst, suggesting that the nucleus remained unstable. The surface brightness profile of the inner coma was consistently shallow relative to the expected steady-state profile, and showed a persistent brightness enhancement within ∼5000 km of the nucleus. We propose that sublimating ice grains created an ice grain halo around the nucleus, while fragmenting grains were responsible for the shallow surface brightness profile.
Equine pericardium collagen wound dressing in the treatment of the neuropathic diabetic foot wound: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND Treatment of diabetic foot wounds remains a major health-care issue, with diabetic foot ulcers representing the most common causal pathway to lower-extremity amputation. Although several investigations have examined topical collagen-based dressings, none have specifically looked at equine pericardium. We, therefore, evaluated the effect of the equine pericardium dressing on neuropathic foot wounds. METHODS Twenty-three consecutive patients with 34 neuropathic foot wounds were evaluated as part of a pilot study. An equine pericardium dressing was applied in a standard manner, and the patients followed a standard postapplication treatment protocol. Changes in wound size were recorded when the equine dressing was removed and 4 and 12 weeks after application. Patients underwent dressing changes every 3 to 4 days until healed or for 12 weeks. RESULTS Thirty-two wounds in 22 patients were prospectively available for evaluation. On enrollment, the median wound size was 299 mm2. When the equine material was removed (mean, 2.9 weeks), 30 of the wounds (94%) had improved, with a median size of 115 mm2 and an average reduction in size of 44.3% (P<.0001). At 4 weeks, the average decrease in wound size was 52.3% (P<.0001). At 12 weeks, 15 wounds (47%) had healed. CONCLUSIONS This first report of equine pericardium used to treat neuropathic foot ulcerations demonstrates that the equine pericardium dressing is a safe and beneficial treatment for neuropathic wounds.
Endophthalmitis Caused by Listeria monocytogenes

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the aqueous chamber of an immunodepressed patient with acute hypertensive uveitis, who developed a dark hypopyon and pigment dispersion. No extraocular septic focus was found. Treatment was successful with intravitreal vancomycin, anterior chamber irrigation with vancomycin, orally administered ciprofloxacin, and topical fortified vancomycin.
ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Definitive External-Beam Irradiation in Stage T1 and T2 Prostate Cancer

Purpose:To present the most updated American College of Radiology consensus guidelines formed from an expert panel on the appropriate use of external-beam radiation to manage stage T1 and T2 prostate cancer. Methods:The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed every 2 years by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and review include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer-reviewed journals and the application of a well-established consensus methodology (modified Delphi) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures by the panel. In those instances where evidence is lacking or not definitive, expert opinion may be used to recommend imaging or treatment. Results:The panel summarized the most recent and relevant literature on the topic and voted on 3 clinical variants illustrating the appropriate dose, techniques, and use of adjuvant hormone therapy with external-beam radiation for low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk prostate cancer. Numerical rating and commentary reflecting the panel consensus was given for each treatment approach in each variant. Conclusions:External-beam radiation is a key component of the curative management of T1 and T2 prostate cancer. By combining the most recent medical literature and expert opinion, this guideline can aid clinicians in the appropriate use of external-beam radiation for prostate cancer.
Developing a physical activity legacy from the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games: a policy-led systematic review

Aims: There is no evidence that previous Olympic Games have raised physical activity levels in adult populations. However, it may be premature to assume that this lack of previous evidence for an inherent effect is an indication that there is no potential to proactively harness the Games to generate a physical activity or sport legacy. Given that the political goal of achieving a physical activity legacy had already been set, the policy-led aim of this systematic review was to examine the processes by which the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games might deliver a physical activity (as opposed to sport) legacy. Methods: Searches were conducted on five databases: SPORTS DISCUS, CINAHL, PsychINFO, MEDLINE and Web of Knowledge. Results: There are two key findings: first, that communities that are not positively engaged with hosting the 2012 Games in London are likely to be beyond the reach of any initiatives seeking to harness the Games to develop legacies in any area; second, major events such as London 2012 can, if promoted in the right way, generate a ‘festival effect’ that may have the potential to be harnessed to promote physical activity among the least active. The ‘festival effect’ derives from the promotion of the 2012 Games as a national festival that is bigger than and beyond sport, but that is also rooted in the lives of local and cultural communities, thus creating a strong desire to participate in some way in an event that is both nationally significant and locally or culturally relevant. Conclusions: Physical activity policy makers and professionals should seek to satisfy this desire to participate through providing physical activity (rather than sport) opportunities presented as fun community events or programmes. The key to generating a physical activity legacy among the least active adults through this process is to de-emphasise the sporting element of the 2012 Games and promote the festival element.
Functional Properties of Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum Moench ) Seed Protein Isolate : Effects of Limited Enzymatic Hydrolysis with Trypsin

The effects of limited enzymatic hydrolysis with trypsin on the physicochemical and functional properties of buckwheat protein isolate (BPI) were investigated. The protein constituents, free sulfhydryl (SH) contents and surface hydrophobicity (Ho), as well as some selected functional properties, such as protein solubility (PS), emulsifying (including emulsifying activity index, EAI and emulsion stability index, ESI) and foaming (including foaming capacity, FC and foam stability, FS) activities of BPI hydrolysates (freeze-dried) were evaluated. The influence of heat treatment prior to freeze-drying on these properties was also evaluated. The limited hydrolysis led to transformation of insoluble aggregates into soluble peptide fragments. Progressive decreases in total SH content (or exposed free SH content) and Ho were observed for both untreated and heated hydrolysates with the increase in degree of hydrolysis (DH). In the unheated case, the hydrolysis treatment resulted in gradual increases in PS, EAI and ESI, and decreases in FC and FS of BPI. The heat pretreatment remarkably decreased the EAI and ESI of the hydrolysates, but significantly increased the FC for the hydrolysates with DH less than 8.3%. The results indicated that the limited hydrolysis with trypsin could be applied to modify the physiochemical and functional properties of buckwheat proteins. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NIRCam: development and testing of the JWST near-infrared camera

The Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) is one of the four science instruments of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Its high sensitivity, high spatial resolution images over the 0.6 - 5 μm wavelength region will be essential for making significant findings in many science areas as well as for aligning the JWST primary mirror segments and telescope. The NIRCam engineering test unit was recently assembled and has undergone successful cryogenic testing. The NIRCam collimator and camera optics and their mountings are also progressing, with a brass-board system demonstrating relatively low wavefront error across a wide field of view. The flight model's long-wavelength Si grisms have been fabricated, and its coronagraph masks are now being made. Both the short (0.6 - 2.3 μm) and long (2.4 - 5.0 μm) wavelength flight detectors show good performance and are undergoing final assembly and testing. The flight model subsystems should all be completed later this year through early 2011, and NIRCam will be cryogenically tested in the first half of 2011 before delivery to the JWST integrated science instrument module (ISIM).
Interaction between anaesthetics and model biomembrane systems

Supported layers of vesicles of dimyristoyl and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine containing cholesterol are adequate models for eukaryotic plasma membranes. In this work it was investigated the adsorption of unilamellar vesicles on the surface of oxidized gold, using a QCM-D, AFM and LSCFM. The results of all techniques indicate that a dense layer of intact liposomes irreversibly adsorbs on the gold surface. It was also investigated the interaction of some examples of local and general anaesthetics with these membrane models, using a QCM-D. Lidocaine, tetracaine, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine were chosen as local anaesthetics examples, and propofol as general anaesthetic. Simultaneously, the interaction of the anaesthetics with the same liposomes in suspension was studied, using DSC. The results showed that all the studied anaesthetics interacted with the used models, causing changes such as raised fluidity and depressed phase transition temperature.