Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of medication, behavioral, and combined treatments on parents' and children's attributions for the behavior of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Seventy-four mothers and 41 fathers and their 6 to 13 year old sons with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) watched videos of child ADHD symptoms, compliance, and noncompliance. Participants were told either that the child was receiving medication, behavioral treatment, a combination of the two, or was not receiving treatment and were asked to rate the cause of the behavior. Parents attributed less control but greater stability to positive child behaviors when the child was receiving medication. However, for negative behaviors, medication increased attributions of control but diminished stability. With behavior management. compliance was seen as more external and stable and noncompliance as more controllable but less stable. For all treatments, boys reported increased control over ADHD symptoms and noncompliance. The implications of these treatment-related attributions for parenting and children's self-perceptions are discussed.
Intergenerational Programs in Early Childhood Education: An Innovative Approach that Highlights Inclusion and Engagement with Older Adults

ABSTRACT Interest to engage older adults in early childhood education (ECE) programs is growing. Although still relatively new, intergenerational engagement is an innovative practice that could alter the way in which ECE is approached. This article explores intergenerational ECE programs and discusses the wide variety of benefits that intergenerational engagement brings to both children and older adults. This article examines existing intergenerational programs inside and outside of ECE to demonstrate how elements of those programs could inform intergenerational ECE programs. Drawing on lessons learned, we discuss challenges and present recommendations for development and implementation of future similar programs.
Verifying SystemC Using Intermediate Verification Language and Stateful Symbolic Simulation

Formal verification of high-level SystemC designs is an important and challenging problem. One has to deal with the full complexity of C++ to extract a suitable formal model (front-end problem) and then, with large cyclic state spaces defined by symbolic inputs and concurrent processes. This paper describes a scalable and efficient stateful symbolic simulation approach for SystemC that combines state subsumption reduction (SSR) with partial order reduction (POR) and symbolic execution (SymEx) under the SystemC simulation semantics. While the SymEx+POR combination provides basic capabilities to efficiently explore the state space, SSR prevents revisiting symbolic states and therefore makes the verification complete. The approach has been implemented on top of an intermediate verification language for SystemC to address the front-end problem. The scalability and efficiency of the implemented verifier is demonstrated using an extensive set of experiments.
Linking managers’ surface acting to their burnout and engagement: the moderating role of eudaimonic wellbeing beliefs

Managers display emotional labor in their interactions with workers, including surface acting (faking emotions). One critical challenge of research is to identify the factors that increase or reduce the negative effects of surface acting on wellbeing at work. “Contribution-to-others” wellbeing beliefs (COWBs) could play a moderating role. COWBs refer to an eudaimonic belief that reflects the degree to which individuals think their own well‐being is based on helping others. To test the moderating role of COWBs, we measured the two central dimensions of burnout and engagement: exhaustion and vigor. Two competing hypotheses were considered. First, based on cognitive dissonance theory, COWBs accentuate the negative relationship between surface acting and wellbeing because individuals are forced to act in a way (surface acting) that is contrary to their beliefs. Second, based on the Job Demands-Resources model, COWBs are a personal resource that protects against the negative effects of surface acting. A total of 95 managers in organizations for individuals with intellectual disability participated in the study. Results supported COWBs as a positive resource, but only for vigor. COWBs mitigated the negative link from surface acting to vigor. By contrast, COWBs did not play a significant moderating role in the prediction of exhaustion. protege contra os efeitos negativos da atuação superficial. Um total de 95 gestores de organizações para indivíduos com deficiência intelectual participaram do estudo. Os resultados apoiaram as COWBs como um recurso positivo, mas apenas para o vigor. As COWBs mitigaram a relação negativa entre atuação superficial e vigor. Por contraste, as COWBs não apresentam um papel moderador significativo na predição do esgotamento. Palavras-chave : atuação superficial; crenças de bem-estar “contribuição para os outros”; burnout; engagement; gestores
“That Politics May Be Reduced to a Science”: David Hume, James Madison, and the Tenth Federalist *

N JUNE 1783, the war for American independence being ended, General Washington addressed his once-famous circular letter to the state governors with the hopeful prophecy that if the Union of the States could be preserved, the future of the Republic would be both glorious and happy. "The foundation of our Empire was not laid in the gloomy age of Ignorance and Superstition' Washington pointed out, "but at an Epocha when the rights of mankind were better understood and more clearly defined, than at any former period; the researches of the human mind after social happiness, have been carried to a great extent, the treasures of knowledge, acquired by the labours of Philosophers, Sages, and Legislators, through a long succession of years, are laid open for our use, and their collected wisdom may be happily applied in the Establishment of our forms of Government . At this auspicious period, the United States came into existence as a Nation, and if their Citizens should not be completely free and happy, the fault will be intirely their own" The optimism of General Washington's statement is manifest; the reasons he advances for this optimism, however, seem to modern Americans a century and a half later both odd and naive, if not slightly un-American. For Washington here argues in favor of "the Progress of the Human Mind" Knowledge gradually acquired through "researches of the human mind" about the nature of man and government-knowledge which "the gloomy age of Ignorance and Superstition" did not have-gives Americans in I783 the power to new-model their forms of government according to the precepts
A Novel Cache Migration Scheme in Network-on-Chip Devices

Future Network-on-Chip (NoC) designs no longer map single cores to each cache slice but rather multiple cores in layouts known as hybrid architectures. Additional proposals have suggested creating reconfigurable hybrid architectures where the OS can revise core-tocache mappings as required. However, these designs will still be measured by their ability to reduce the average L2 cache delay. Denser core placements with varying core mappings require cache policies with intelligent data placement schemes otherwise there will be no gain to overall system performance as a result of the networked architecture. Solutions such as OS-directed page placement can reduce some of this delay by placing pages in caches local to the initial requestor. However, due to the page-level allocation granularity compared to line-level data accesses, this policy can still result in shared data existing in remote locations during highly parallelized applications. The most effective network delay reduction alternative is line-level data migration. Data migration policies are designed to take advantage of data temporal locality by assuming data recently used by a processor will be used again in the future. Several variations of migration policies have been proposed to address this demand. However, the physical costs, high computation demands and poor scalability of these methods have reduced their effectiveness in future layouts with hundreds of cores. Additionally, many proposals fail to consider migrating data to a centralized location with even latencies for multiple active cores instead they reduce latency for a single core at the expense of all others. This best average placement is also know as the nearest-neighbor search or the “Two-Dimensional Post Office Problem”.
Mindfulness interventions in schools: Integrity and feasibility of implementation

Research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) has proliferated in recent years and the integration of mindfulness-based programs in school settings has been at the forefront of implementation research. Recent reviews of studies evaluating the efficacy of school-based mindfulness programs have produced mixed findings, which may in part be due to methodological differences across studies to date, as well as adaptations of MBIs in order to implement them within school settings. For example, there are vast differences across studies in the content, delivery, and training requirements of school-based MBIs, which may influence both fidelity and efficacy. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature on the implementation of school-based MBIs and determine the degree to which the interventions align to standards for MBIs. A systematic search identified studies evaluating the effects of a school-based MBI on mental health outcomes in schools, utilizing quantitative and qualitative designs. The results draw comparison across the identified MBIs in relation to intervention integrity, and teacher training and competence according to existing standards. The findings indicate a poor alignment to all standards; for example, intervention integrity was indicated in 45% of studies that included core mindfulness practices, and standards of teacher training were met in 26% of studies. In addition, the feasibility design of studies is critiqued against recommended standards. Despite claims from many studies, feasibility has not yet been established for school settings. Feasibility studies have failed to adequately assess organizational factors that influence implementation. The lack of detail and consistency in reporting across studies is a particular limitation of the field of research, which may have disadvantaged the assessment of studies against stringent guidelines. The ongoing challenges to developing an evidence base for school-based MBIs as well as to implementation are discussed. Recommendations for future directions in implementation science of mindfulness interventions within a school context are provided.
The Factor Structure of a Written English Proficiency Test: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

The present study examined the factor structure of the University of Tehran English Proficiency Test (UTEPT) that aims to examine test takers’ knowledge of grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach was used to analyse the responses of participants (N= 850) to a 2010 version of the test. A higher-order model was postulated to test if the underlying factor structure, obtained in a data-driven manner, corresponds with the proposed structure of the test. The results revealed an appropriate model fit with the data, pointing to the fact that the three sections of UTEPT, i.e., structure, vocabulary, and reading, and their sub-components, except for the restatement section of reading, are good indicators of written language proficiency as assessed by the UTEPT. It was also found that the three sections assess distinctive constructs. The findings suggest that UTEPT is a valid measure of the written language proficiency of Ph.D. applicants to University of Tehran.
A Qualitative Research on Foreign Language Learners’ Perceptions of Facebook as a Learning Environment

Although the use of Facebook in EFL education is relatively new, it may bring a potential to promote communicative and productive skills. This study aims to explore Turkish EFL learners’ perception of Facebook regarding their reasons to use it, perceived harmful effects and the utilization of Facebook as a language learning environment. The study was conducted with 30 preservice EFL teachers studying at the department of English Language Teaching (ELT) at Balikesir University. The study followed a qualitative tradition. The data were gathered through reflections, essay papers and interviews. The findings showed that EFL learners use Facebook for communication and interaction even if they perceive several harmful effects. Moreover, EFL learners regarded Facebook as an educational environment and as a foreign language learning environment. Thus, EFL teachers are recommended to be trained in the use of social media in the foreign language teaching and learning processes. In addition, the curricula of the EFL teacher training programs should include a specific course focusing on topics to raise awareness of the use of Facebook as a language learning environment.
(B)ordering Hybrid Security? EU Stabilisation Practices in the Sahara-Sahel Region

Abstract This contribution analyses EU approach to stabilisation. Looking at the cases of Libya and Mali, the focus on emerging communities of stabilisation practices helps illustrate how EU investments in sector-specific capacity building are geared to the enhancement of sovereign prerogatives in neighbouring states that are experiencing domestic political challenges. Aiming to achieve a semblance of stability in remote borderlands, though, the outsourcing of Europe's security priorities—including border control and the fight against terrorism—has contributed to the ‘pragmatic’ legitimisation of dubious local partners who are not in normative alignment with EU principles, leading to the entrenchment of dysfunctional governance and patronage politics.
Media, information, and political participation: The importance of online news sources in the absence of a free press

ABSTRACT Social media use is positively associated with political participation, but does this relationship persist when traditional and social media are restricted by the government? We argue that, under conditions of repression, social media and other online news sources play a key role in providing information free from government filters, which makes political participation more likely. We test this theory using data collected through an original, nationally-representative, face-to-face survey conducted in Turkey in April 2015 (n = 1,068). We find that both conventional and protest participation are significantly higher among respondents who use online sources, including social media, to access political news.
Stock market participation, portfolio choice and pensions over the life-cycle

The empirical evidence on stock market participation and portfolio choice defies the predictions of standard life-cycle theory. In this paper we develop and estimate a model of portfolio choice that can account for the limited stock market participation and substantial portfolio diversification seen in the data. We present three realistic extensions to the basic framework: per period fixed costs, public pension provision, and a small chance of a disastrous event in the stock market. The estimated model is able to explain observed patterns at reasonable wealth levels, while keeping to a fairly simple framework. We demonstrate that it is no longer necessary to assume counterfactual asset holdings, heterogeneity in preferences, or implausible parameter values, in order to match key financial statistics.
Inter-professional collaboration in an Intensive Care Unit: Challenges and opportunities

Objetivo: compreender a relacao entre os profissionais de saude, numa unidade de terapia intensiva, explorando a colaboracao interprofissional. Metodos: estudo de natureza qualitativa, inspirado na Fenomenologia Hermeneutica, de Paul Ricoeur, para a producao do conhecimento. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 36 profissionais de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital terciario, publico. Resultados: os profissionais estao satisfeitos com o trabalho e ha empenho em prestar assistencia de qualidade, apesar de limites organizacionais, como vinculos empregaticios precarios e rotatividade dos profissionais. A colaboracao interprofissional e fator imprescindivel para assistencia, mas na pratica nao se efetiva, em grande parte pela ausencia de dispositivos para a integracao da equipe, presenca de lideranca, bem como pela superlotacao dos servicos, que sobrecarregam os trabalhadores da saude. Conclusao: mesmo reconhecendo a necessidade da colaboracao interprofissional, os profissionais, regra geral, fazem seu trabalho ainda de forma muito individualizada, nao havendo estrategias que impulsione esta colaboracao.
Different Voices: Guest Speakers as Pedagogy in a Culture Class

Inviting guest speakers or industrial professionals into classroom discussion is a common and popular practice in education. Multiple scholars have pinpointed the significance of such practice. Davis (1993) suggested using guest speakers with expertise and practice experience as an alternative to lectures to promote student engagement. Payne, Sumta, and Sun (2003) synthesized at least three major objectives that using guest speakers could fulfill: (1) bringing the field into the classroom; (2) opening the students’ minds to varying viewpoints; and (3) altering students’ attitudes and perceptions in favorable ways. While guest speakers may not have the teaching pedagogies, they themselves are the pedagogy. Although guest speakers are invited in many classes, most of them are seen in the field of management and social work. There is a lack of research on guest speakers in the context of cultural learning. This chapter examines a culture course that has utilized guest speakers as an essential element in constructing students’ learning, and shares the results of students’ feedback. The purpose is to display the course design and to unveil the benefits of guest speakers as pedagogy by using students’ feedback.
Automatic milking and milk production recording in New Zealand

Since automatic milking has been proven a viable method of milk harvesting in pasture-based dairying systems, the adoption of automatic milking systems (AMS) has increased in New Zealand (NZ). In contrast to some other countries, the NZ Dairy Herd Testing Standard only allows milk production data for genetic evaluation to be collected from herds that are milked conventionally with fixed milking intervals. Consequently, NZ farmers using AMS (with variable milking intervals per cow) do not receive information on the genetic merit of their cows and are, therefore, unable to make management decisions on this basis. A draft protocol for collecting milk production data on AMS farms was proposed in 2013 and involved the automated collection of milk samples from cows milked during a 48h sampling period. As milking frequency varies on AMS farms, the draft protocol was evaluated on five AMS farms to determine the number of samples per cow collected during 48h and if the duration of sampling could be reduced, while maintaining acceptable accuracy for 24h milk yield estimates. In the current study, 2,879 cow herd tests were analysed. There was considerable variation in the number of milk samples per cow herd test; 4.2, 16.6, 34, 30, 6.7, 4, 2.7, 1.5 and 0.03% of cow herd tests had 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 milk samples over a 48h sampling period. Twenty-four hour milk yield estimates based on sample periods of 36h and 16h were highly correlated with estimates based on a 48h sampling period (0.99 and 0.97, respectively). However, reducing the sampling period increased the percentage of cow herd tests without any milk samples from 0 (48h) to 0.6% (36h) and 8.0% (16h). In practice, a 48h sampling period is likely to be too expensive. Reducing sampling duration without losing accuracy of 24h milk yield estimates is feasible but the duration should depend on average milking frequency to prevent too many cows not being tested.
Policy, practice and process in team teaching: a pilot project with co-operating teachers and student teachers on school placement

In Ireland, at present, the roles and responsibilities of the educational partners regarding initial teacher education (ITE) are in transition. ITE routes have been extended allowing for additional focus to be placed on the central component of school placement. This material change, as well as policies promoting collaborative practice, teachers as researchers and professional learning communities (PLCs), prompted us to reflect on our practice and to challenge assumptions in relation to teaching and learning. Among the outcomes of the work was a reassessment and reorientation of current approaches on the Professional Master of Education (PME) programme to better prepare student teachers for their future careers in post-primary schools. This article reports on the development of and findings from a team teaching pilot project in the Department of Education of Maynooth University for student teachers and their co-operating teachers. The project was undertaken to provide space for the participants, including the authors, to reappraise the approach to teacher education, to explore the team teaching process, to focus on its affective dimension and foster collaborative practices in education.
Political Influence on Military Wimpy in Organizational Commitment

The Nigerian military has meddled in the Nigerian politics in this fourth republic to the extent of past military heads of states becoming the country’s president in a democratic dispensation. This has influenced the military personnel’s commitment to the organization. Our study investigated political influence on military wimpy in organizational commitment: roles of team psychological safety and spirit at work. Two hundred and fifty (250) military personnel were drawn from Nigerian Army Cantonment in Ikeja, Lagos State using a purposeful sampling technique to select the participants. The participants consisted of 170 males and 80 females. Their ages ranged from 25-45, with a minimum age of 26 years. Three instruments (Psychological Safety, Organizational Commitment and Spirit at Work) were used in the study. Two hypotheses were tested and cross-sectional survey design was adopted, while correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. The results indicated that team psychological safety had no significant influence on organizational commitment among Nigerian army personnel, while spirit at work was a significant positive predictor of organizational commitment among Nigerian army personnel (â = .13, t = 2.04, p = .002). Work place interventions that will help Nigerian military personnel’s improve team psychological safety and spirit at work by building organizational commitment and adapt to organizational changes were suggested. The paper makes original contribution to research in the area of organizational commitment by cracking into the busy schedule and closed-system of Nigerian military personnel and throw a more comprehensive and holistic understanding of organization commitment process in Nigerian military in integrating perspectives that focus on the internal group psychological context (team psychological safety) and intangible variable (spirit at work) of Nigerian military.