Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF TOURISM ON RESIDENTS IN A TRADITIONAL DISTRICT IN TAINAN CITY, TAIWAN

Abstract The impact of tourism on various communities has been examined by theorists and researchers from a broad range of disciplines since the early 1970s, leading to a literature that is both expansive and diverse. However, a review of this literature reveals a limited amount of research related to tourist impacts on the urban centres of Asian cities, especially areas which are richly endowed with heritages, such as Anping district in Tainan, Taiwan. This study attempts to investigate perceptions and attitudes of residents in three traditional shopping streets and neighboring heritage sites of the Anping Traditional District of Tainan City, based on data collected via a questionnaire administered to a sample of 206 residents. It confirmed the validity of a previous four-fold classification of urban tourism impact scheme pertaining to economic, social, cultural and physical aspects. The findings of the study reveal that positive impacts of tourism as perceived by Anping residents are of greater significance than negative ones. More positive impacts are felt with regard to cultural and economic aspects, while more negative attitudes are expressed towards social and physical issues. Finally, the results of the study reveal a number of interesting possibilities regarding the identification and application of perceptions of urban impact.
Effectiveness of a telephone outcall intervention to promote screening mammography among low-income women.

BACKGROUND This study evaluated the impact of a telephone outcall intervention (based on the Transtheoretical Model) on screening mammography behavior among lower income, older women. METHODS A geodemographic database, INFORUM, was used to identify low-income and minority neighborhoods throughout the state of Colorado. Residences were assigned randomly to three study groups: (1) control, (2) outcall only, and (3) advance "invitation" + outcall. Information Specialists of the Cancer Information Service implemented the protocol. Mammography adherence was assessed in telephone interviews conducted 6 months and 2 years after the initial call. RESULTS Neither intervention had a significant effect on the main outcome, receipt of mammography in the 6-month follow-up period. At 6 months, intentions to have a mammogram were significantly stronger in the intervention groups compared with the control group, particularly among those who were precontemplators at baseline. The 2-year follow-up indicated a small increase in mammography adherence attributable to the advance invitation + outcall, but this effect was restricted to those adherent at baseline. Mammography behavior during the 6-month follow-up period was predicted strongly by decisional balance, intentions, receipt of a physical and clinical breast exam, and previous mammography behavior. CONCLUSIONS The intervention promoted minimal movement in the stages of change for mammography. Outcall interventions may have promise for encouraging repeat mammography behavior, but more intensive interventions are likely to be necessary to promote behavior change among nonadherent women.
An Empirical Investigation of Cost Efficiency in the Banking Sector of Pakistan

This study uses the distribution free approach to estimate levels of cost efficiency of individual banks operating in Pakistan. These levels of efficiency are also analyzed under CAMELS indicators to provide micro insights of their financial standings to justify their prevailing positions. The results show that banks are significantly distinct at different efficiency levels ranging from 87 percent to 49 percent. Technology has played a significant role in reducing the cost of banking industry. However, the banking industry is still operating under diseconomies of scale. Moreover, non-performing loans have adversely impacted the cost structure of banking industry. CAMELS ratios indicate that the most efficient banks are those with lesser amount of non-performing loans, high capital adequacy, lesser non-interest expenditure which leads to high profitability.
Short Term Price and Dealing Effects in Selected Market Segments

Changes in relative price and dealing activity are likely to affect different segments of the market in different ways. A distributed lag model is developed for predicing a firm's market share over a period of weeks from knowledge of the changes in these variables. It is tested on aggregate data for a metropolitan market, and applied to data for three classes of underlying segments. The bases for segmenting the market are by family purchasing characteristic, package size, and channel of distribution.
State of green marketing research over 25 years (1990-2014): Literature survey and classification

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a literature survey on, and classification for, green marketing research. Design/methodology/approach – Suitable keywords were used to search peer-reviewed journal articles published in marketing, business and management journals in duration 1990-2014. The articles identified were screened for titles, abstracts, keywords, frameworks, headings and sub-headings that resulted in 161 relevant articles. These articles were classified across thematic categories and their distribution was also presented for year of publication, publication outlets, location of authors, key contributing authors. Findings – The articles were classified across four thematic categories: eco-orientation, green marketing strategy, green marketing functions and green marketing consequences. It outlined the contribution of the earlier work under each theme, illustrated upon their implications for green marketing practice and research and provided directions for future research. Research .
Seeking and Processing Influenza Vaccine Information: A Study of Health Care Workers at a Large Urban Hospital

In response to low influenza vaccination rates among health care workers, health officials have explored determinants of uptake and developed communication interventions. Key to these efforts is how workers seek and attend to vaccine information. We applied a model of risk information seeking and processing to survey 226 physicians and nurses at a large, urban hospital (response rate = 5.7%; cooperation rate = 91.5%). Our goals were to (1) apply the model to a new setting, audience, and issue and (2) explore novel concepts (e.g., source credibility and information usefulness) and moderating relationships among variables. Consistent with previous research, information subjective norms—perceived social pressure to remain informed about vaccination—were a strong predictor of information seeking and systematic processing. Neither source credibility nor information usefulness independently increased explained variance, although they moderated the relationship between norms and communication behavior. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Meeting report: 2nd international conference: antibody incompatible transplantation and transplant infectious disease

The 2nd International Conference on Antibody Incompatible Transplantation and Transplant Infectious Disease took place at the University of Warwick on 23rd and 24th November 2012. The aims of the meeting were to discuss the pertinent clinical and laboratory issues surrounding antibody incompatible transplantation and to provide a contemporary analysis of transplant infectious disease. This report summarises the key points discussed at the meeting.
Climate predicts which sex acts as helpers among cooperatively breeding bird species

Among avian cooperative breeders, help in raising offspring is usually provided by males or by both sexes. Sex bias in helping should evolve in response to sex-specific ecological constraints on independent reproduction, with mate shortage for males and breeding vacancy shortage for each sex. Given that male-biased adult sex ratios are prevalent among birds, we predict that male-only helping mainly occurs in temperate species where fast population turnovers deriving from low adult annual survival allow all adult females to hold breeding vacancies, whereas some males overflow as helpers, and both-sex helping in tropical species where saturated habitats prevent not only males, but also females from breeding themselves. As expected, we found that across species, adult survival increased towards tropical zones and warmer climates, and higher adult survival tended to be associated with both-sex helping. Furthermore, sex bias in helping was predicted by latitude and ambient temperature. Our findings of demographic response of species to climate as a potential determinant of bias in helper sex uncover how ecological constraints operate to limit independent reproduction in sex-specific ways.
Human Recent Thymic Emigrants–Identification, Expansion, And Survival Characteristics

This study shows that, in humans at birth, circulating T cells represent recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) as reflected in their high level of expression of TCR excision circles. RTEs express “thymocyte-like” characteristics with regard to rapid rate of apoptosis. In the presence of common γ-chain cytokines, in particular IL-7, they show enhanced potential to survive, entry into cell cycle, and proliferation. Although common γ-chain cytokines were also potent antiapoptotic stimuli for mature adult-derived naive CD4+CD45RA+ T cells, these cells were refractory to IL-7-induced expansion in vitro. RTEs cultured with IL-7 could not reinduce recombination-activating gene-2 gene expression in vitro. These data suggest that postthymic naive T cells in the periphery during early life are at a unique stage in ontogeny as RTEs, during which they can undergo homeostatic regulation including expansion and survival in an Ag-independent manner while maintaining their preselected TCR repertoire.
Selling Project Management to Senior Executives: The Case for Avoiding Crisis Sales

Worldwide, project management is gaining acceptance as a business competency for many organizations. On one hand, the authors note a growing interest in the use of elements of project management in virtually every segment of every industry. On the other hand, long-term investment in project management remains a tough sell at the executive level. Knowing that the lack of senior management support is consistently identified as a key factor in failed projects, this disconnect is of growing concern for practitioners. This paper presents the preliminary results of the first phase of a research project designed to develop an understanding of the reasons for this conundrum.
Customer-to-customer interactions and word of mouth: conceptual extensions and empirical investigations

Although the importance of customer orientation has been well addressed in strategic marketing, these ideas generally focus on managing business-to-customer interactions. Strategic importance of understanding customer-to-customer interactions (CCIs) has received very little attention. Word of mouth (WOM) research has recently been broadened in the context of CCI. Research that addresses during-the-experience word of mouth (WOMde) in the actual service setting is scant. Thus, we empirically distinguish WOMde and post-consumption experience (WOMpe) and investigate their interconnected relationships within a nomological network. We use a mixed-methods approach to generate and code a collection of WOMde events and a survey to capture further variables of interest including WOMpe. Our exploratory study demonstrates that WOMde has a positive impact both on customers’ emotional reaction in the service context and on brand perceptions. Subsequently, the magnified brand perceptions act as a significant driver of customer trust and WOMpe. We also distinguish between brand-related and brand-unrelated WOMde and offer insight into the effect of both types of conversation on customer perceptions and attitudes.
Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) calculations as a means to compare proton and photon plans and evaluation of clinical appropriateness of calculated values

Calculation of normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) for proton radiation therapy (PRT) and two photon radiation therapy techniques for cranial irradiation of childhood optic nerve gliomas was made. Evaluation of usefulness of calculated NTCP values for comparison of treatment plans and clinical appropriateness of computed data was used. Three radiation plans were calculated on datasets of children treated previously for optic nerve gliomas with PRT. Dose–volume histograms (DVH) were computed and used to calculate NTCP. Evaluated complication endpoints were necrosis, blindness, and cognitive impairment. Calculated NTCP depended strongly on tumor volume and the normal tissue volume exposed to high radiation doses. Dose conformity and steeper dose‐gradient correlated with reduced NTCP. Regarding the chosen complication endpoints, PRT was superior to 3D photons; conventional photons were calculated to have the highest NTCPs. Differences might reach clinical significance for cognitive impairment, a frequently observed toxicity. Calculated NTCP values were highly dependent on implemented clinical data. Calculation of NTCP can be used for ranking of treatment plans and modalities. Highly dependent on implemented clinical data, the calculated percentage of NTCP might be more of a figure of merit than a real predictive value and requires comparison to clinical experience. Int. J. Cancer (Radiat. Oncol. Invest.) 90, 351–358 (2000). © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acquisition Implementation Strategies: Structural Integration and Acquired CEO Retention as Sequential Events

In contemporary conditions of high competition many companies choose to gain new technologies and enhance competitiveness through acquisitions of small high technology firms. In this paper we build on the process view of acquisition implementation by focusing on acquisition implementation challenges after the deal is done. More specifically, we discuss the two important dimensions of acquisition implementation process: structural integration and acquired CEO retention. The two dimensions are viewed as sequential events, with an aim to understand under which conditions the typical antecedents of structural integration apply. We analyse the determinants of structural integration conditional on acquired CEO retention. The findings suggest that typical antecedents of structural integration matter in the cases when acquired CEO left following an acquisition. Conversely, if the acquired CEO remained, the typical antecedents of integration do not play any role in determining its likelihood. Thus, acquired CEO retention may act as a substitute mechanism of structural integration by rendering integration less important as a post-acquisition coordination mechanism.
p63 immunoreactivity in lung cancer: yet another player in the development of squamous cell carcinomas?

The p63 protein, a member of the p53 family of nuclear transcription factors, is characterized by different capabilities of transactivating reporter genes, inducing apoptosis, and functioning as dominant‐negative agent. This study evaluated the prevalence and prognostic implications of p63 immunoreactivity in 221 patients with stage I non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and in 57 patients with stage I–IV neuroendocrine tumours (NET). The results were correlated with the tumour proliferative fraction, the accumulation of p53 protein, and with patient survival. p63 immunoreactivity was seen in 109/118 squamous cell carcinomas, 15/95 adenocarcinomas, 2/2 adenosquamous carcinomas, 4/6 large cell carcinomas, 9/20 poorly differentiated NET, and 1/37 typical and atypical carcinoids (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of p63‐immunoreactive cells increased progressively from pre‐neoplastic and pre‐invasive lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinomas. In these latter tumours, but not in adenocarcinomas, p63 immunoreactivity correlated directly with the tumour proliferative fraction (p = 0.028), and inversely with the tumour grade (p = 0.004). No relationship was found with p53 protein immunoreactivity or the other clinico‐pathological variables examined. Although p63 is likely to be involved in the development of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma, it does not carry any prognostic implication for NSCLC patients. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of negative online customer reviews on brand equity and purchase intention of consumer electronics in South Africa

This study investigated the effect that negative online customer reviews have on brand equity and purchase intention. This research examined the influence of negative electronic word of mouth (eWOM) on brand equity, as influenced by customer review quality, product involvement and source credibility. A 3 (high quality review versus low quality review versus no review) × 2 (high product involvement versus low product involvement) factorial experiment with 236 respondents was conducted. The results revealed that the presence of negative eWOM has a significant detrimental effect on brand equity and purchase intention. Furthermore, the effect of negative online customer reviews is more detrimental to the brand equity of a high involvement product than a low involvement product. The results also revealed that high quality reviews are more influential than low quality reviews with respect to brand equity, and the difference between the levels of eWOM source credibility has no significant effect on brand equity.
Imaging the transition from flat to normal subduction: variations in the structure of the Nazca slab and upper mantle under southern Peru and northwestern Bolivia

S U M M A R Y Two arrays of broad-band seismic stations were deployed in the north central Andes between 8◦ and 21◦S, the CAUGHT array over the normally subducting slab in northwestern Bolivia and southern Peru, and the PULSE array over the southern part of the Peruvian flat slab where the Nazca Ridge is subducting under South America. We apply finite frequency teleseismic Pand S-wave tomography to data from these arrays to investigate the subducting Nazca plate and the surrounding mantle in this region where the subduction angle changes from flat north of 14◦S to normally dipping in the south. We present new constraints on the location and geometry of the Nazca slab under southern Peru and northwestern Bolivia from 95 to 660 km depth. Our tomographic images show that the Peruvian flat slab extends further inland than previously proposed along the projection of the Nazca Ridge. Once the slab re-steepens inboard of the flat slab region, the Nazca slab dips very steeply (∼70◦) from about 150 km depth to 410 km depth. Below this the slab thickens and deforms in the mantle transition zone. We tentatively propose a ridge-parallel slab tear along the north edge of the Nazca Ridge between 130 and 350 km depth based on the offset between the slab anomaly north of the ridge and the location of the re-steepened Nazca slab inboard of the flat slab region, although additional work is needed to confirm the existence of this feature. The subslab mantle directly below the inboard projection of the Nazca Ridge is characterized by a prominent low-velocity anomaly. South of the Peruvian flat slab, fast anomalies are imaged in an area confined to the Eastern Cordillera and bounded to the east by well-resolved low-velocity anomalies. These low-velocity anomalies at depths greater than 100 km suggest that thick mantle lithosphere associated with underthrusting of cratonic crust from the east is not present. In northwestern Bolivia a vertically elongated fast anomaly under the Subandean Zone is interpreted as a block of delaminating lithosphere.
Corporate Governance, Market Valuation and Dividend Policy in Brazil

This study investigates the effects of the corporate governance structure on market valuation and dividend payout of Brazilian companies. The empirical results indicate a high degree of ownership and control concentration. We can also note a significant difference between the voting and total capital owned by the largest shareholders, mainly through the existence of non-voting shares, pyramidal structures, and shareholding agreements. These mechanisms seem to be used by controlling shareholders to keep the firm's control without having to own 50% of the total capital. The evidence also reveals that there is a relationship between governance structure, market valuation, and dividend policy in Brazil.
Consequences of Misspecified Mental Models: Contrasting Effects and the Role of Cognitive Fit

Research summary: Mental models, reflecting interdependencies among managerial choice variables, are not always correctly specified. Mental models can be underspecified, missing interdependencies, or overspecified, containing nonexistent interdependencies. Using a simulation model, we find that under- and overspecification have opposite effects on exploration, and thereby, performance. The effects are also opposite, depending on whether a manager controls all choice variables. The mechanism underlying our results is a feedback loop: misspecified mental models influence managerial learning about the effectiveness of choices; this learning guides how the environment is explored, which in turn, affects which information will be generated for future learning. We explore implications of these results for strategic management and introduce the notion of “cognitive fit” between the mental model of the decision-maker and the strategic environment. Managerial summary: Managers often rely on mental models to guide their decision-making. These mental models, however, are often misspecified, that is, more or less complex than the situation managers are facing. Using a simulation model, we study the consequences of such misspecified mental models. We find that the performance implications of misspecified mental models crucially depend on whether the manager controls all choice variables. We identify situations in which simpler mental models are better than overly complex ones, and vice versa. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GNSS-guided relative positioning and attitude determination for missions with multiple spacecraft

Currently there is a trend in space mission design towards payload distribution. For strategic, economic and operational reasons, one satellite, integrally carrying all payload, is replaced by a cluster or swarm of smaller satellites. The function of the former integrated satellite is distributed over the elements of the cluster. Major applications areas will be telecommunication and Earth observation. Depending of the level of coordination between the satellites of a cluster we refer this kind of system as a formation flight or constellation control [1]. Multiple satellites belonging to the same mission where the payload is divided over more than one satellite are often referred to as distributed satellites.
Market orientation, international business relationships and perceived export performance

Purpose – This paper aims at investigating and uncovering the potential effect of exporters' market orientation upon international business relationship with particular emphases on cooperation, dependence, and relationship distance.Design/methodology/approach – This is a quantitative study using a mail survey among Thai exporting firms in various industries. The final sample size was comprised of 388 strategic business units (SBU's) from 279 Thai export firms in over eight industries. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by means of AMOS 4.01. Findings – Exporters' market orientation enhances the cooperation between the exporters and their major overseas distributor while minimizing their dependence and relationship distance. In addition, export performance is higher with greater exporter cooperation and lower relationship distance. Interestingly, the influence of exporter dependence on export performance varied among industry groups.Practical implications – This study extends the domain o.