Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and the effect of variations in instructions.

Interrater and test-retest reliabilities of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist were compared on the basis of type of instructions to raters. Three nurses in each of three residential units twice rated 28 mentally retarded residents, using one type of rating system, and the ratings were repeated 4 weeks later. The frequency-based instructions resulted in both higher interrater and test-retest reliability coefficients than did the other instructional types. Frequency-based ratings were performed again in another residential unit, but the higher reliabilities were not replicated. Interrater and test-retest reliability correlations varied markedly both across subscales and raters but were comparable to levels derived with other symptom checklists. We concluded that rater characteristics (e.g., motivation) are more powerful variables than are scoring systems.
The Staub-Traugott effect. Evidence for multifactorial regulation of a physiological function.

Previous exposure to large amounts of glucose facilitates the disposal of a subsequent load of the sugar (priming or Staub-Traugott effect). We have investigated whether, in man, the classical effect can also be induced by more physiological loads of glucose and whether a priming effect is accompanied by augmented insulin release. To facilitate interpretation of results, a second exposure to glucose was imposed at a time point following the first exposure when the subjects were again euglycaemic. Initial infusion of glucose significantly diminished the hyperglycaemia seen after the subsequent ingestion of 1.75 g/kg of glucose. The corresponding incremental insulin response was diminished while the integrated absolute levels of the hormone were unaffected by prior i.v. glucose. Initial ingestion of 0.5 g/kg of glucose slightly reduced the glycaemic but did not affect the insulin response to a second oral load. Initial ingestion of the same oral glucose load clearly facilitated the disposal of 12.5 g of glucose subsequently injected i.v. Again, this effect of priming with glucose was not accompanied by any priming effect on insulin levels. The lack of enhancement of peripherally measured insulin secretion seemed, if anything, to overestimate B-cell secretory rates since the ratio of insulin to C-peptide was increased (from 37 to 89) after priming with glucose, suggesting that the hepatic clearance of insulin was decreased during the second glucose challenge. It is concluded that (1) facilitation of glucose disposal by previous glucose administration can be induced by amounts of glucose equivalent to those associated with meal intake, (2) enhancement of insulin release is not an obligatory component of the facilitated glucose disposal, (3) decreased hepatic clearance of insulin may accompany the Staub-Traugott effect.
Frataxin: a protein in search for a function

Reduced levels of the protein frataxin cause the neurodegenerative disease Friedreich's ataxia. Pathology is associated with disruption of iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis, mitochondrial iron overload, and oxidative stress. Frataxin is a highly conserved iron‐binding protein present in most organisms. Despite the intense interest generated since the determination of its pathology, identification of the cellular function of frataxin has so far remained elusive. In this review, we revisit the most significant milestones that have led us to our current understanding of frataxin and its functions. The picture that emerges is that frataxin is a crucial element of one of the most essential cellular machines specialized in iron‐sulfur cluster biogenesis. Future developments, therefore, can be expected from further advancements in our comprehension of this machine.
Surgical implications of variations in hand collateral circulation: anatomy revisited.

OBJECTIVES One of the risks associated with harvesting the radial artery is hand ischemia. Accordingly, this study investigated the variations of the hand collateral circulation. METHODS Fifty hands of cadavers were examined. Variations of the palmar arches were recorded. A classic superficial palmar arch was defined as direct continuity between the ulnar artery and the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery. A classic complete deep palmar arch was defined as direct continuity between the radial artery and the deep branch of the ulnar artery. RESULTS A classic superficial palmar arch was found in 10% (5/50) of hands, and a classic complete deep palmar arch was found in 90% (45/50) of hands. The superficial palmar branch of the ulnar artery supplied blood to all fingers in 66% (33/50) of hands. Although the superficial palmar branch of the ulnar artery was continuous with the radial artery in only 34% (17/50) of hands (including the classic type of superficial palmar arch), every hand had at least one major branch connecting the radial and ulnar arteries. CONCLUSIONS Variations in the terminations of the radial and ulnar arteries are common. Although the classic type of superficial palmar arch occurs relatively infrequently, there is always a significant anastomosis between the radial and the ulnar artery in the hand. This anatomic study confirms the presence of a collateral supply in the hand. In the absence of vascular disease, harvesting the radial artery should be regarded as a safe procedure.
Online Identification of Tripped Line for Transient Stability Assessment

Identification of post-fault topology is critical to not only cascaded outage prevention but also prediction of post-fault dynamic behavior. Existing methods for identifying the tripped lines rely on steady state SCADA/PMU measurements, and therefore fail to accomplish their task within fractions of a second. This limits their application to online transient stability assessment. This paper presents a method for online identification of post-fault topology on the basis of information of the pre-fault operating conditions and synchronized measurements at all generator buses. The proposed technique identifies the tripped line with negligible delay, before the system reaches steady state. An innovative index, which represents the normalized kinetic energy gained by generators immediately after the fault, is used to minimize the search set of possible tripped lines. For every candidate line, the generator output powers are calculated considering the line as tripped, and the minimum error between the measured and the calculated generator powers is used to finally identify the tripped line. The IEEE 39-bus system and a 246-bus North Indian Grid representation are used to show the effectiveness of the method.
Implementing KM - a balanced score card approach

In today’s fast changing and non‐linear business environment the only way to gain competitive advantage is by managing intellectual capital, which is more commonly known as knowledge management (KM). There are basically three broad objectives of KM: leveraging the organisation’s knowledge; creating new knowledge or promoting innovation; and increasing collaboration and hence enhancing the skill level of employees. The most common KM programme involves development of a knowledge repository, and forming and nurturing of the communities of practice. These two, jointly, address all the three objectives of KM. Many organisations are embracing KM but few of them are able to implement it successfully to see the benefits. Implementation of KM is a strategic process and needs careful target setting and review. Organisations, which use balanced scorecard for strategy deployment, can effectively implement KM in their organisation by developing and deploying a KM index.
Perfect Chirped Echelle Grating Wavelength Multiplexor: Design and Optimization

A new method for designing an echelle-type diffraction grating for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), which is tuned to a single stigmatic point, is introduced. The new grating is defined by the mode and wavelength of operation in a slab waveguide, the position of the waveguides, the order of diffraction, and an arbitrary path, which is called the grating line, upon which individual facets are positioned, blazed, and curved via the outlined algorithm. A systematic design process for echelle gratings (EGs) is presented, covering all the key aspects of this device. A series of rules to improve the performance of any EG WDM device is outlined. A simulated comparison between this device, a standard Rowland grating, and a two stigmatic point grating, was undertaken with the new design performing better and comparably in each case, respectively.
Self-rated health, gender, and mortality in older persons: introduction to a special section.

Self-rated health (SRH) is widely recognized as a comprehensive indicator of health. Its comprehensiveness is often referred to as surprising because the indicator is based on a single question. Yet, numerous studies have demonstrated that this question may include more relevant aspects of health than can be measured in a survey, however broad the range of health measures used. The most widely quoted proof of SRH’s comprehensiveness is its predictive ability for mortality, evidence for which has been found in many studies from different countries using various designs (Benyamini & Idler, 1999; Idler & Benyamini, 1997). However, little evidence exists for the reasons why SRH is such a good predictor of mortality. Possible explanations include (a) SRH, in addition to comprehensive health, also reflects preclinical, and so far unmeasurable, aspects of health; (b) SRH, in addition to current health, dynamically reflects recent changes in health; (c) the way of responding to the SRH question is correlated with health behavior, for example, optimistic responses are linked with positive health behavior, which in turn are associated with better survival; (d) self-perceptions of health are related to the psychoneuroimmunologic responses that determine the susceptibility to diseases (see Idler & Benyamini, 1997).
Intratesticular action of kisspeptin in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Kisspeptin‐Kiss1R signalling in mammals has been implicated as an integral part of the reproductive cascade. Kisspeptinergic neurons upstream of GnRH neurons are involved in the activation of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator during pubertal onset. Thus, the major research focus has been on the central effects of kisspeptin. The demonstration of the presence of KissR expression in human testes suggests additional unknown actions of kisspeptin‐KISS1R signalling at the distal component of the male reproductive axis. Here we explored the impact of kisspeptin at the testis in the adult male rhesus monkey. We employed the clamped monkey model to assess the intratesticular actions of kisspeptin. Plasma testosterone and LH levels were monitored in four adult male monkeys. The peripheral administration of human kisspeptin‐10 (50 μg, iv bolus) caused a single LH pulse, which was followed by a robust increase in plasma testosterone levels sustained for at least 180 min. This response was abolished when kisspeptin was administered to GnRH receptor antagonist (acyline) pre‐treated animals. However, kisspeptin administration significantly (P < 0.005) elevated hCG‐stimulated testosterone levels in acyline pre‐treated monkeys when compared with saline+ hCG treatment. These results revealed a novel peripheral facet of kisspeptin signalling.
Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people.

BACKGROUND Although disuse of skeletal muscle and undernutrition are often cited as potentially reversible causes of frailty in elderly people, the efficacy of interventions targeted specifically at these deficits has not been carefully studied. METHODS We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing progressive resistance exercise training, multinutrient supplementation, both interventions, and neither in 100 frail nursing home residents over a 10-week period. RESULTS The mean (+/- SE) age of the 63 women and 37 men enrolled in the study was 87.1 +/- 0.6 years (range, 72 to 98); 94 percent of the subjects completed the study. Muscle strength increased by 113 +/- 8 percent in the subjects who underwent exercise training, as compared with 3 +/- 9 percent in the nonexercising subjects (P < 0.001). Gait velocity increased by 11.8 +/- 3.8 percent in the exercisers but declined by 1.0 +/- 3.8 percent in the nonexercisers (P = 0.02). Stair-climbing power also improved in the exercisers as compared with the nonexercisers (by 28.4 +/- 6.6 percent vs. 3.6 +/- 6.7 percent, P = 0.01), as did the level of spontaneous physical activity. Cross-sectional thigh-muscle area increased by 2.7 +/- 1.8 percent in the exercisers but declined by 1.8 +/- 2.0 percent in the nonexercisers (P = 0.11). The nutritional supplement had no effect on any primary outcome measure. Total energy intake was significantly increased only in the exercising subjects who also received nutritional supplementation. CONCLUSIONS High-intensity resistance exercise training is a feasible and effective means of counteracting muscle weakness and physical frailty in very elderly people. In contrast, multi-nutrient supplementation without concomitant exercise does not reduce muscle weakness or physical frailty.
Entidades beneficentes de assistência social educacionais: uma investigação sobre a medição de desempenho organizacional

Esta pesquisa objetiva identificar quais as medidas de desempenho utilizadas pelas Entidades Beneficentes de Assistencia Social Educacionais, bem como a maneira pela qual se relacionam no processo de gestao. Para tanto, foram selecionados algumas areas e indicadores de desempenho, e investigou-se a possivel relacao entre essas medidas e (1) o grau de instrucao dos gestores, (2) o tempo de existencia das instituicoes, e (3) o porte destas. As informacoes foram obtidas por meio de uma pesquisa empirica, mediante aplicacao de questionarios junto as oito Entidades Beneficentes de Assistencia Social, com sede no municipio do Recife – PE, portadoras do Certificado de Entidade Beneficente de Assistencia Social – CEAS, e que atuam exclusivamente na area de educacao. Os resultados obtidos revelam que estas instituicoes possuem sistemas de avaliacao de desempenho simples e nao estruturados, observando-se a falta de indicadores para medir o desempenho e a pouca utilizacao das informacoes geradas pelos Sistemas de Medicao de Desempenho. Percebe-se tambem que o uso de indicadores de desempenho esta mais relacionado com o tempo de existencia das instituicoes.
The incidence and outcome of subclinical psychotic experiences in the general population.

OBJECTIVES To examine the incidence and 2-year stability and outcome of subclinical psychotic experiences in the general population. DESIGN The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS), a longitudinal general population study. METHODS A representative population sample of 7,076 participants was interviewed with the composite international diagnostic interview at baseline, 1 year later at T(1) and again 2 years later at T(2). A sample of individuals was identified who had onset of a new, broadly defined psychotic experience between baseline and T(1) (N = 79; incidence = 2%). Stability and outcome of these incident positive psychotic experiences was reassessed by interview at T(2), at which 25 individuals had a CIDI rating of broadly defined psychotic experience (subclinical outcome) and 11 individuals had psychotic experiences with functional impairment and need for care (clinical outcome). RESULTS The majority of individuals with an incident psychotic experience did not display persistence of the experience. Only 8% of individuals with a T1 incident psychotic experience had evidence of a T2 subclinical outcome, and only 8% had evidence of a T2 clinical outcome. The emotional context and the number of the T1 incident psychotic experiences were strong modifiers of predictive power for the clinical outcome, but not (or to a much lesser extent) for the subclinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of positive psychotic experiences in the general population is around 100 times greater than traditional estimates of incidence of psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia. The far most likely outcome for these experiences is discontinuity. For the small proportion who display continuity, there is an equally large likelihood of subclinical and clinical 2-year outcomes. Emotional appraisal and degree of intrusiveness of psychotic experiences are important modifiers not for continuity per se but for clinical outcome specifically.
Articulation Features of Parkinson's Disease Patients with Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation.

BACKGROUND Voice and speech disorders are one of the most important issues after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, articulation features in this patient population remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We studied the articulation features of PD patients with STN-DBS. METHODS Participants were 56 PD patients treated with STN-DBS (STN-DBS group) and 41 patients treated only with medical therapy (medical-therapy-alone group). Articulation function was evaluated with acoustic and auditory-perceptual analyses. The vowel space area (VSA) was calculated using the formant frequency data of three vowels (/a/, /i/, and /u/) from sustained phonation task. The VSA reportedly reflects the distance of mouth/jaw and tongue movements during speech and phonation. Correlations between acoustic and auditory-perceptual measurements were also assessed. RESULTS The VSA did not significantly differ between the medical-therapy-alone group and the STN-DBS group in the off-stimulation condition. In the STN-DBS group, the VSA was larger in the on-stimulation condition than in the off-stimulation condition. However, individual analysis showed the VSA changes after stopping stimulation were heterogeneous. In total, 89.8% of the STN-DBS group showed a large VSA size in the on- than in the off-stimulation condition. In contrast, the VSA of the remaining patients in that group was smaller in the on- than the off-stimulation condition. CONCLUSIONS STN-DBS may resolve hypokinesia of the articulation structures, including the mouth/jaw and tongue, and improve maximal vowel articulation. However, in the on-stimulation condition, the VSA was not significantly correlated with speech intelligibility. This may be because STN-DBS potentially affects other speech processes such as voice and/or respiratory process.
Strategy for Immunogen Design CCR 5 Utilization and Suggests a New Identifies Differences in Glycosylation and C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Acute and Chronic Infections with Subtype Comparison of Viral Env Proteins from

Published Ahead of Print 24 April 2013. 2013, 87(13):7218. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.03577-12. J. Virol. Carolyn Williamson and Ronald Swanstrom Beatrice H. Hahn, Myron S. Cohen, David Montefiori, Karim, Barton F. Haynes, George M. Shaw, Bette T. Korber, Vermeulen, Susan Fiscus, Lynn Morris, Salim Abdool Tang, Celia Labranche, Benhur Lee, Andrew Saville, Marion Ngandu, Cathal Seoighe, Irving Hoffman, Feng Gao, Yuyang Jabara, Jennifer Kirchherr, Clement Mapanje, Nobubelo Penny Moore, Maria G. Salazar, Shilpa Iyer, Cassandra Ming Zhang, Jessica Keys, E. Lake Potter, Haitao Chu, P. Kincer, Florette K. Treurnicht, Leslie Arney, Suany Ojeda, Melissa-Rose Abrahams, Jesus F. Salazar-Gonzalez, Laura Li-Hua Ping, Sarah B. Joseph, Jeffrey A. Anderson, Strategy for Immunogen Design CCR5 Utilization and Suggests a New Identifies Differences in Glycosylation and C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Acute and Chronic Infections with Subtype Comparison of Viral Env Proteins from
Differences in proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production by bone cells seeded on titanium–nitride and cobalt–chromium–molybdenum surfaces

Titanium–nitride coating is used to improve cobalt–chromium–molybdenum implant survival in total knee arthroplasty, but its effect on osteoconduction is unknown. Chromium and cobalt ions negatively affect the growth and metabolism of cultured osteoblasts while enhancing osteoclastogenic cytokine production. Therefore, it was hypothesized that a titanium–nitride surface would enhance osteoblast proliferation and/or differentiation and reduce osteoclastogenic cytokine production compared with a cobalt–chromium–molybdenum surface. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts showed increased proliferation and decreased differentiation on titanium–nitride, while cytokine interleukin-6 production was higher on porous cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (p < 0.05), though interleukin-1β was occasionally detected on both surfaces. These findings suggest improved osteoconduction on titanium–nitride compared with cobalt–chromium–molybdenum surface.
PHEV control strategy including vehicle to home (V2H) and home to vehicle (H2V) functionalities

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are seen to be a step forward in vehicle electrification, to replace ICE-based conventional vehicles. On the one hand, using a PHEV means that a part of the vehicle energy comes from the grid or other sources, such as renewable energy, to charge the battery. On the other hand, increasing the number of nuclear and coal power plants to supply these new needs would shift the problem to another place, and will not permit solving the problem of pollution or fossil fuel depletion. The main idea presented in this paper consists in sharing the production between the home and the vehicle and use at the same time the vehicle to supply power to the home appliances during the electricity peak demand (i.e., when the prices are the highest). In this study, a general control strategy is designed, taking into account the overall system (grid, local production from renewable, and vehicle, including its battery). Furthermore, a simulation, including the household daily power profile and the PHEV drive cycle is presented. The home power profile takes into account photovoltaic (PV) and wind production as well as home load profile based on real data. The objective of the control strategy is to minimize the total energy cost.