Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Sociodemographic Factors and Medical Status on Depressive Symptoms of the Inhabitants of Nursing Home and Community-Dwelling Elders in Trabzon-Turkey

The effect of sociodemographic factors and medical status on depressive symptoms of the inhabitants of nursing home and community-dwelling elders in Trabzon-Turkey Aim: The rate of depression is increasing among the elderly population of Turkey. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of living in a nursing home on depressive symptoms. Methods: The study was conducted in May 2001 among 97 elders, who live in a nursing home (NH), and 97 community-dwelling (CD) elders. The individuals who were enrolled in the study were matched according to age and sex and did not suffer from dementia. All of the elderly completed a questionnaire concerning their medical and social status and history. Each individual received a rating on the Geriatric Depression Screening Scale. Data were analysed using the chi-square test and enter-method logistic regression. Results: Seventy-eight (80.4%) of the NH group and 46 (47.4%) of the CD elders had depressive symptoms and the difference between two groups was statistically significant (x 2 =34.60, df=1, p<0.0005). The depressive symptoms were higher in elders living in NH (OR=2.93; 95% CI: 1.20-7.20), elders with no hobby (OR=2.70; 95% CI: 1.20- 6.10), uneducated elders (OR=2.64; 95% CI: 1.16-5.99), in the women (OR=2.45; 95% CI: 1.04-5.76), and elderly individuals who have more diseases (OR=1.64; 95% CI: 1.11-2.41). Conclusion: Besides other risk factors, dwelling in a nursing home seems to be an important risk factor for depressive symptoms in the elderly.
CD 117: Lineage assigning marker in acute myeloid leukemias

Background: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of the cells of myeloid series characterized by the rapid growth of Myeloblasts. The diagnosis of AML is established by demonstration of more than 20% of the blood and/or bone marrow by leukemic myeloblasts. Immunophenotyping is one of the most useful tool for the confirmation, lineage assignment and subtyping of leukemias. This study was aimed to phenotype and classify acute leukemias by flow cytometry using commonly used markers for leukemia diagnosis and to establish whether CD 117 can be considered as a lineage specific marker in diagnosis and subclassification of AML.Methods: Flow Cytometric Immunophenotyping was employed for the study. The myeloid antibodies employed in AML in our study included - CD117, CD11c, CD13, CD15, CD33, CD34, CD36, CD41, CD65 and MPO.Results: In our study AMLs constituted 46% of all acute leukemias. CD117 positivity was seen in 86.56% of the French American British (FAB) category of AML. The blasts gated using CD45 v/s SSC revealed variable expression of CD34, CD13 and CD33. The expression of CD117 was consistent particularly in AML-M0, AML-M1 and AML M2.Conclusions: CD117 is virtually a myeloid blast marker with a high sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. Among the various myeloid markers like cMPO, CD13, CD33 and CD117, it is just CD117 that has got a tremendous reproducibility in AMLs. Besides CD117 is a surface marker unlike MPO thus easier to process, time saving and less prone to nonspecific binding.
Pharmacovigilance of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions among Patients Attending Dermatology Department at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Context: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) are the most frequent of all manifestations of drug sensitivity that present with varied and diverse morphology and therefore, awareness about them is essential for diagnosis and prevention. Aims: To evaluate the clinical spectrum, morphology, causality, severity and preventability of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care hospital. Setting and Design: Descriptive study for six months in the Dermatology Department of a tertiary care hospital in Kerala. Methods and Materials: All patients of any gender and age who presented with visible skin lesions and were diagnosed or suspected cases of cutaneous adverse drug reactions were included in the study. All the relevant information was recorded using pre-structured proforma and ADR reporting form. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and qualitative variables as frequencies and percentages. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated to assess the risk factors for severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions using SPSS 16. Results: Total 124 cutaneous adverse drug reactions were reported with mean age 39.22 ± 20.47 years, male:female ratio being 1:1.4. Most common cutaneous adverse drug reaction was maculopapular rash. Antibiotics accounted for maximum cases, of which beta-lactams were the most common. About 55.6% cutaneous adverse drug reactions occurred within 24 hours of drug administration. Mean hospital stay duration was 4.89 ± 6.23 days. Most reactions were either mild or moderate. Risk analysis revealed that concomitant use of more than one drug, delayed onset, oral route, more generalized area of involvement and medications prescribed for CNS indications were risk factors for severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions. All reactions were preventable. Majority got fully recovered. No fatality was observed. Conclusion: Identification and reporting of cutaneous adverse drug reactions reduces their future occurrences and encourages rational prescribing. The study emphasizes on having a deeper understanding of risk factors for serious cutaneous adverse drug reactions that may contribute significantly in improving their outcomes.
Bandwidth resource optimization in video-on-demand network architectures

It is generally recognized that interactive video-on-demand (IVOD) will become an important residential service of this decade. However, many issues with respect to the way this service has to be offered to the users remain open and me still subject to vigorous research activities. The aim of the paper is to present a VOD network solution based upon the Broadband Integrated Digital Network (B-ISDN) that targets the mass deployment of the IVOD service and offers the ability to cope with future types of multimedia services. By means of a VOD reference network and traffic mode, it is demonstrated that the proposed solution can achieve an optimized use of network (bandwidth), online storage and processing resources while guaranteeing a desired grade of service (GoS) under all circumstances. <<ETX>>
Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek) seed extract against sodium nitrite toxicity in rats

Introduction: Feeding habits and environmental factors may rival genetic susceptibility as etiological factors related to various cancers. Humans are continuously exposed to many synthetic food additives, one of which is sodium nitrite (NaNO2). There is a direct correlation between increases in consumption of nitrite-treated products and incidence of tissue damage, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and some types of cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) on NaNO2-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Methods: Forty rats were randomly assigned (10 per group) to control (physiological saline solution), TFG (150 mg/kg/day), NaNO2 (80 mg/kg/day), and NaNO2+TFG (80 mg/kg/day + 150 mg/kg/day) groups. This group was offered TFG seed extract two hours before NaNO2. At the end of three months, the rats were decapitated, and blood, kidney and liver tissues were removed. Results: Three months of oral administration of NaNO2 increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the liver and kidney tissues [except for liver Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1a)] of rats. Serum AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, liver IL-6, and kidney tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), IL-6, IL-1a levels significantly decreased in the NaNO2+TFG group compared to the NaNO2 group. Pathological examinations, it was determined show that exogenously administered TFG could alleviate the effects of NaNO2 hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that exogenous TFG mitigates NaNO2-administration induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. TFG extract exerted antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and played a significant role in preventing hepatic and renal damage induced by chronic NaNO2 administration.
Dichlorvos toxicity: A public health perspective

Abstract Pesticides are used in agriculture and in domestic pest control. Dichlorvos, an organophosphate, is a predominant pesticide used in domestic insect control in developing countries. Acute and prolonged exposure may lead to death, genotoxic, neurological, reproductive, carcinogenic, immunological, hepatic, renal, respiratory, metabolic, dermal and other systemic effects. Its toxicity is due to the ability of the compound to inhibit acetyl cholinesterase at cholinergic junction of the nervous system. This study is a review of the toxicological effects of dichlorvos in a public health perspective.
Yellow Nutsedge Control with Soft-Incorporated Herbicides

Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the influence of 12 soil-applied herbicides on the sprouting and mortality of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers. Alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], butachlor [N-(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-2′,6′-diethylacetanilide], cycloate (S-ethyl N-ethylthiocyclohexanecarbamate), EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), napropamide [2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide], and U-27267 (3,4,5-tribromo-N,N,α-trimethylpyrazole-1-acetamide) delayed sprouting of tubers and provided 6 to 12 weeks control, but failed to kill tubers. Tubers appeared to escape injury by failing to sprout until activity of the herbicides had substantially dissipated. Herbicides known to interfere with photosynthesis, atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], bromacil (5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil), methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione], prometryne [2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine], San-6706 [4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone], and terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) did not delay sprouting of tubers, but killed shoots after emergence. In addition to controlling vegetative growth, the photosynthetic inhibitors killed tubers by rapidly exhausting the food reserves of these storage organs.
Nonrespiratory determinants of respiratory impairment in elderly patients: heart failure and diabetes

The effects of heart failure (HF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) on the lung, and the abnormalities in lung function that they promote, will be discussed in the present chapter, together with therapeutic interventions used to target the lung. Heart failure In patients with heart failure (HF), perturbations in lung haemodynamics (i.e. left ventricular filling impairment and backward pressure increase) are the background for the development of abnormalities in pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange processes that critically affect symptoms and clinical events. Despite haemodynamic impairment being the leading cause of lung dysfunction, a relevant pathophysiological role is also played by the multifactorial and progressive instability of neural control of ventilation. The extent of these abnormalities is related to the severity of the disease and depends on a series of adaptations, which are discussed in the next sections. Specifically, an update of evidence concerning the effect of acute and chronic elevations of pulmonary venous pressures on the mechanical and gas exchange properties of the lung is provided. Emphasis is also placed upon the clinical significance of an impaired ventilatory response during exercise, on its pathophysiological bases and prognostic insights.
USING TEXTUAL FEATURES FOR THE DETECTION OF VANDALISM IN WIKIPEDIA: A COMPARATIVE APPROACH IN LOW-RESOURCE LANGUAGE SECTIONS

This study investigates the impact of using textual features for the detection of vandalism across low-resource language sections in Wikipedia. For this purpose, we propose new features that allow the machine learning-based text classifiers to better distinguish vandalism and to improve the detection rates of vandalism across languages, based on textual features applied in previous researches. These features enable us to compare the contributions of the bots against vandalism, stressing the differences between bots and editors with regards to the detection of vandalism. We propose a new set of efficient and language independent features, which has the performance level similar to the previous sets. Three Wikipedia sections will be used for this purpose: Simple English (simple), Albanian (sq) and Bosnian (bs). We will show that our set of textual features has similar and, in some cases, better vandalism detection rates across languages than previous research.
Burnout among the Nurses of Kashan Beheshti Hospital During 2014

Aims: Research suggests that burnout levels have always been higher in the health-care populations and the nurses were at high risk too. It can increase staff turnover and reduce the quality of care. Hence, this study was performed with the purpose of evaluating the rate of professional burnout in the nurses of Beheshti hospital's staff. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 230 nurses of the Beheshti hospital of Medical Sciences using sampling in 2014. Maslach Burnout Inventory and staff demographic characteristics questionnaire were used in this study. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software, Pearson's independent, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and Chi-square test. Results: Most of the participants were in mild-to-moderate levels of exhaustion. they had mild level until severe in depersonalization, and mild in reduced personal accomplishment. however, burnout was higher in women . Health-care staff nurses had a higher level of job burnout than that of administrative staffs (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings suggest the research focused could yield important advances in understanding burnout in this group and yield potential interventions to buffer burnout and its consequences.
Human-Swarm Robot Interaction with Different Awareness Constraints

Swarm robots are not yet ready to work in real world environments in spaces shared with humans. The real world is unpredictable, complex and dynamic, and swarm systems still are unable to adapt to unexpected situations. However, if humans were able to share their experience and knowledge with these systems, swarm robots could be one step closer to work outside the research labs. To achieve this, research must be done challenging human interaction with more realistic real world environment constraints. This thesis presents a series of studies that explore how human operators with limited situational and/or task awareness interact with swarms of robots. It seeks to inform the development of interaction methodologies and interfaces so that they are better adapted to real world environments. The first study explores how an operator with bird’s-eye perspective can guide a swarm of robots when transporting a large object through an environment with obstacles. As an attempt to better emulate some restricted real world environments, in the second study, the operator is restricted from access to the bird’s-eye perspective. This restriction limits the operator’s situational awareness while they are collaborating with the swarm. Finally, limited task awareness was included as a additional restriction. In this third study, the operator not only has to deal with limited situational awareness but also with limited information regarding the objective. Results show that awareness limitations can have significant negative effects over the operator’s performance, yet these effects can be overcome with proper training methods. Through all studies a series of experiments are conducted where operators interact with swarms of either real or simulated robots. In both cases, the development of the interaction interfaces suggest that careful design can support the operator in the process of overcoming awareness problems.
An Injury and Illness Surveillance Program for Children and Staff: Improving the Safety of Youth Settings

The prevention of injuries to children and staff is of critical importance to recreation providers. Although program providers often document participant illnesses and injuries, the power of intentionally monitoring and sharing this information has not often been tapped in the recreation field. This article demonstrates how an injury and illness surveillance program was used to reveal patterns of injuries and illnesses within day and resident camps. These patterns suggested that children are less likely to be injured in day and resident camp settings when compared with participation in community-based sports, and, additionally, illustrated an organizing framework for injury and illness prevention that may to useful to other youth program providers. Primary injury topics appeared to be supervision patterns, falling on uneven terrain, and head injuries. Preventative strategies suggest analysis of levels of supervision, footwear policies, and activity-specific head protection. Two significant clusters of illness were identified. One included throat, nose, lung, ear, and eye maladies, while the second was comprised of upper and lower gastrointestinal illnesses, those often associated with what one eats or is exposed to (e.g., Norwalk virus). Proactive approaches to illness management center on maintaining resilience so people are less susceptible to pathogens and implementing practices that minimize the potential that someone will get ill. The innovation of sharing of data in a systematic way proved helpful in understanding illness and injury. The systematic investigation of when, where, and how injuries and illnesses occurred brought to light trends that yielded specific, practical strategies that administrators can implement to improve safety for staff and participants. This new approach to understanding what is happening in youth programs allows for targeted intervention based on real data rather than perceptions of trends. As program administrators work to improve health and safety, understanding the trends related to illness, injury, and proactive management can make a difference in safety improvements.
Imaging studies of the urinary tract in children with acute urinary tract infection

The aims were to evaluate the occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children, to assess the frequency of significant ultrasonography (US) abnormalities and to study whether abandoning the use of voiding cystourethrographies (VCUG) is safe in children with urinary tract infection (UTI). We analysed reports on US and VCUG in a consecutive series of 406 paediatric patients and in a large population-based group of 2036 children with UTI. Based on the urine culture data, we analysed the frequencies of VUR and US abnormalities in relation to the reliability of the UTI diagnoses. Using a cohort of 1185 children on whom both VCUG and US had been performed, we evaluated whether US imaging alone is sufficient. In a follow-up study, we excluded 24 cases with major renal dysplasia or obstruction of the urinary tract from this cohort of 1185 children leaving a series of 1161 cases, of which 228 were randomly selected for follow-up and 193 (85%) participated, with a mean follow-up time of 11 years (range 6 to 17 years). The occurrence of VUR was similar among the children with proven (37%) or certain (36%) versus false (35%) or improbable (36%) UTI and decreased with increasing age. Significant US abnormalities were found in 10% and the frequency increased as the diagnostic reliability improved (15% in the proven UTI class and 8% in the false class). In the cohort of 1185 children, initial US was normal in 861 (73%), out of whom VCUG identified two cases of urethral valves and 40 cases of grade III to V VUR who could have benefited from surgical treatment, giving a figure of 42/861 (5%) for pathological findings that might have been missed if VCUG had not been performed. In the follow-up study, unilateral renal parenchymal defect was found in 22 (15%) out of the 150 patients who underwent control US, all except one of these being in patients with grade III to V VUR. Serum cystatin C concentration, estimated glomerular filtration rates and blood pressure were within the normal ranges in all the patients despite the defects seen in US. We conclude that VUR is a common age-related phenomenon in children and is not as closely associated with UTI as was previously thought. Children with UTI could be examined using US alone. Once obstructive uropathy and major renal dysplasia have been ruled out, the risk of longterm consequences in a case of childhood UTI is very low.
Investigating the Factors that Impact Patient Reported Outcomes and Experience in Elective Foot and Ankle Surgery

Background: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient reported experience measures (PREMs) have been fundamental to the NHS. PROMs2.0 allows collection and analysis of outcome data. We assess PROMs and PREMs for elective foot and ankle surgery. We also look at the use of PROMs as a new patient-based audit system, and how to improve participation. Patients and methods: Scores used to asses PROMsEQ-5D VAS and EQ-5D Health Index, and MOxFQPROMs data collected pre/post-operatively (follow-up 6 months) PREMs data collected using Picker Patient Experience questionnaire (PPE-15) postoperatively. 97 patients responded (27.7% participation) Non-responders contacted to assess lack of engagement. Results: Average MOxFQ improvedPain: 51.4-28.2. Walking/standing:53.5-30.4. Social interaction:46.1-27.3. (p<0.00001). Average EQ-5D improved. VAS: 76.0-79.7 (p=0.033), Index: 0.70-0.74. (p=0.002) (Comparable to knee-arthroplasty). Patients aged 70+ -greatest MOxFQ improvement (p=0.020), <50 and 70+/-greatest EQ-5D improvement (P=0.01). Males reported better outcomes in MOxFQ(p=0.024) Left-sided procedures better than right-not significant. Non-participation20/30-lack time, 7/30-No Internet, 3/30non-specified. 66.1%+ PPE-15 favourable. Asking questions and sharing of information highest-scorers (80.8%+80.2%). Family involvement-most potential for improvement. (47.7%) 55-64 age group -greatest overall satisfaction, highest in 6/7 domains. (p=0.663) Equally satisfactory experience amongst men/ women (p=0.596) Results similar to published data. Conclusion: Post-op improvement. Better outcomes with increased age and male sex. Overall satisfactory patient reported experience. PROMs are an important outcome tool of increasing importance, as we move away from manual collection. However, it still needs optimising for us to take maximum benefit from what it offers and to increase participation. Level 3-Prospective data