Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATION AND SELECTION OF PARENTAL FORMS FOR BREEDING KAZAKHSTAN SALT TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES

About 25 % of the entire land surface is represented by saline soils, and up to 90 % of the total irrigated area — in some regions of Central Asia and the Caucasus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. Rice-growing region of the Republic of Kazakhstan is also located in the area with high salinity. A challenge for rice growing in Kazakhstan is deteriorating humus and reclamation of soil, rise in soil secondary salinity and degradation. In Kyzylorda region, pollution of surface (up to 3-5 g/l) and ground water (up to 6-7 g/l) by salt residues reaches a critical point. The dominating sulfatechloride-sodium type of salinity is especially toxic for crops. Akdalinski and Karatal zones of irrigation in the Almaty region are also located within the provinces of sulfate-soda and boric biogeochemical soil salinity. According the data of Kazakh Rice Research Institute, in recent years the rice yields and yield quality have sharply decreased — from 50 to 35-48 centners per hectare, and from 65 to 45-50 % of the groats output, respectively. In this regard, the rice breeding for salt tolerance is the most important to ensure food security in Kazakhstan. The objective of our study was the evaluation and selection a promising starting material of rice resistant to different types of salinity. To this end, we studied the rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties, collection samples and their hybrid combinations of different generations derived from Russia, Kazakhstan and Philippine (34 genotypes in total). For the initial assessment at the seedling stage we used the laboratory screening for tolerance to various types of salinity, i.e. chloride, sulphate and carbonate. Saline stress negatively affected seedling growth and total weight in the studied samples. It was revealed that the carbonate type of salinity is the most toxic for rice plants; the chloride and sulfate types were less adverse. The hybrid collection sample F2 Khankai 429 1⁄2 4-09 and as well as varieties Marzhan and Madina accumulated the highest percentage of biomass compared to the control at the salinity of all three types. Therefore, these genotypes are valuable in selection for salt tolerance. Molecular screening of chromosomal DNA regions linked to quantitative trait loci of salt tolerance (Saltol QTL) by PCR with microsatellite markers closely linked to the target chromosomal regions, RM 493 and AP 3206, showed RM 493 to produce polymorphism which allowed to distinguish the studied genotypes contrasting in salt tolerance. Thus RM 493 is informative to rank the rice genetic plasma by salt tolerance.
What Is Intercultural Sustainability? A First Exploration of Linkages Between Culture and Sustainability in Intercultural Research

The sustainability of intercultural relations recently again has been identified as a central, but still neglected responsibility for intercultural research (e.g. Alexander et al., 2014a; Alexander et al., 2014b). This article identifies three different notions of sustainability related to culture in contemporary intercultural research: Egocentric uses focus on one single culture or organization. Utilitarian understandings argue that a sustainable care for intercultural relations may serve other sustainability goals. Allocentric notions ask for a global and equal dialogue on the concept. Complementing the authors above, this article argues for a stronger reflection and analysis of notions of sustainability in intercultural research.
Polaron dynamics and bipolaron condensation in cuprates

Based on the exact cluster diagonalization and recent Quantum Monte Carlo simulations we analyze dynamic properties of small polarons and bipolarons formed by short-range (Holstein) and long-range (Fr\"ohlich) electron-phonon interactions. We show that the exact results agree well with canonical Holstein theory for a cluster and with Lang-Firsov theory for a lattice. Lang-Firsov theory of a single polaron and our $1/\ensuremath{\lambda}$ perturbation expansion for a multipolaron system are practically exact in a wide range of the adiabatic parameter $\ensuremath{\omega}/t$ and the electron-phonon coupling \ensuremath{\lambda} for a long-range interaction. (Bi)polarons exist in the itinerant Bloch states at temperatures below the characteristic phonon frequency no matter which values the parameters of the system take. We show that recent claims by several authors with regards to a breakdown of Holstein-Lang-Firsov theory of a small polaron and the ``impossibility'' of bipolaronic superconductivity are the result of an erroneous interpretation of the electronic energy levels of the two-site Holstein model and a misunderstanding of the electron-phonon interaction in ionic solids with polaronic carriers. A ``phase'' diagram in $t/\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\lambda}$ space is proposed to elucidate the BCS and (bi)polaronic domains. Bipolaron theory provides a parameter-free expression for the superconducting critical temperature of layered cuprates. Crystallization of the (bi)polaronic liquid is shown to be impossible in the range of the parameters typical for cuprates. The small Fr\"ohlich polaron has spectral features compatible with single-particle tunneling and photoemission in cuprates.
The Impact of Variable Inlet Mixture Stratification on Flame Topology and Emissions Performance of a Premixer/Swirl Burner Configuration

The work presents the assessment of a low emissions premixer/swirl burner configuration utilizing lean stratified fuel preparation. An axisymmetric, single- or double-cavity premixer, formed along one, two, or three concentric disks promotes propane-air premixing and supplies the combustion zone at the afterbody disk recirculation with a radial equivalence ratio gradient. The burner assemblies are operated with a swirl co-flow to study the interaction of the recirculating stratified flame with the surrounding swirl. A number of lean and ultra-lean flames operated either with a plane disk stabilizer or with one or two premixing cavity arrangements were evaluated over a range of inlet mixture conditions. The influence of the variation of the imposed swirl was studied for constant fuel injections. Measurements of turbulent velocities, temperatures, OH* chemiluminescence and gas analysis provided information on the performance of each burner set up. Comparisons with Large Eddy Simulations, performed with an 11-step global chemistry, illustrated the flame front interaction with the vortex formation region under the influence of the variable inlet mixture stratifications. The combined effort contributed to the identification of optimum configurations in terms of fuel consumption and pollutants emissions and to the delineation of important controlling parameters and limiting fuel-air mixing conditions.
Remote Sensing Advances for Earth System Science - ReadingSample

CARBONGASES aims at making a contribution to fill the significant gaps in our understanding of the global carbon cycle by improving our knowledge about the regional sources and sinks of the two most important anthropogenic greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide and methane. To this end, global multi-year satellite data sets, namely column-averaged dry air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and methane retrieved from the SCIAMACHY instrument onboard the European environmental satellite Envisat are generated. CARBONGASES embodies seven years (2003–2009) of greenhouse gas information derived from European Earth observation data improving and extending pre-existing retrievals to maximise the quantitative information on regional surface fluxes of greenhouse gases which can be inferred from the SCIAMACHY data products using inverse modelling.
Quality and developmental changes in white head cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) during winter storage@@@Baltagūžio kopūsto (Brassicaoleracea L.) ir valgomojo ridiko (Raphanus sativus L.) kokybės ir vystymosi kitimai pasodų saugojimo metu

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of quality indices and to evaluate the action of phytohormones and soluble sugars in developmental processes of Brassicaceae plants: white head cabbage (Brassica oleracea L., ‘Rocktor H’) and winter type radish (Raphanus sativus L., ‘Murzynka’) during winter storage. Radish and white head cabbage were harvested on the 19th of September and 14th of October, respectively. The switching from juvenile period (II organogenesis stage) to reproductive (III organogenesis stage) development started in November for white head cabbage and in January for radish, winter type, and conditioned the beginning of evocation processes. The mitotic activity of apical meristems started, and the development of floral meristems was observed only in spring – IV organogenesis stage was identified. Thus, this means that processes of II evocation stage can occur during storage, at low temperature conditions and in the dark for both plants. The increasing pattern of reducing sugars, sucrose, total sugars and soluble solids could be due to slower rate of hydrolysis of carbohydrates, which has implication for better quality maintenance. On the other hand, significant decline of hexoses (about 1.5 and 4.7 times in white head cabbage and radish, respectively) and sucrose (about 2.0 and 19.0 times in white head cabbage and radish, respectively), probably due to sugar cleavage, in storage organs of both harvested vegetables was observed during storage. The increasing pattern of hexoses, especially glucose (2.2 times in both plants), sucrose (7.5 times in white head cabbage), gibberellin (1.3 and 2.2 times in white head cabbage and radish, respectively) and indole-3-acetic acid (0.8 times in white head cabbage) during evocation (III and IV organogenesis stages) was observed in apical meristems of both plants. Thus many developmental processes, including cell division within the apical meristems and flowering, appear to depend on sugar-hormone signalling pathway.
Characterization of pastoral herding in Kanem (Chad)

The present survey was conducted to characterize herding practices and overall production performances of pastoral systems in the Kanem region, Chad. Overall, 69 livestock keepers were interviewed, among which 12 sedentary agro-breeders, 35 mobile agro-herders, and 22 nomadic herders. Species association is a main feature of the herd structure. Agro-herders make most often an association between cattle and small ruminants (47%). Among mobile agro-herders, the association between cattle and small ruminants is frequent (47%) whereas nomadic herders tend to show more diverse modalities of herd composition. Feed is mainly based on natural pastures. However, complementary feeding is provided, targeting the producing females and weaker stock during the maximal risk period. During the rainy and post-harvest season, milk yields are significantly higher among agro-herders than in other groups (p<0.05). In camels, the season of the year and the herding system have no effect on milk production. Regarding reproduction parameters, the mean age at first calving is 4.7±0.7 years in cows and 5.8±0.6 years in she-camels. The calving interval is 1.9±0.4 years in cows and 2.7±0.4 years in she-camels. The fecundity rate is around 63% in cows and 44% in she-camels. Simple husbandry techniques might help increasing production levels to the benefit of the households, as complementary feeding, which is already provided in a targeted way. The systematic implementation of this complementation faces constraints of availability of these agricultural by-products on the local markets. As far as research is concerned, the study recommends the implementation of herds monitoring of the area in order to precise the livestock breeding practice as well as zootechnical parameters. Key words: Agro-pastoral, cattle, camel, Chad, herding, Kanem, production performances.
APPLICATION OF THE FLEXIBLE SPECIALIZATION MODEL IN A LOCAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

This article presents the empirical results of application of the flexible specialization model, originally proposed by Piore and Sobel (1984) and more recently developed from the theoretical perspective of operations strategy by Nassimbeni (JOM, 2003, 21(2):151-171), in a traditional local footwear manufacturing system that is undergoing profound changes due to competitive pressures affecting the sector. The results, drawn from a multiple case study, provide evidences of a non-uniform evolutionary trajectory among the studied firms, notably regarding the strategic choice of internalizing production tasks. Additionally, the data analysis suggests that leading firms are developing an even higher flexibility and on-time delivery capabilities as a response to the increase of competitive pressures.
FEEDING DYNAMICS OF ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA (THUNNUS THYNNUS) LARVAE IN THE GULF OF MEXICO

SUMMARY A surprising gap in our knowledge of the early life history of Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae spawned in the Gulf of Mexico has been an understanding of their feeding success and diets. Here we report preliminary results on the feeding habits and feeding success of bluefin larvae collected during two years in the Gulf of Mexico. Daytime feeding incidence (the proportion of larvae with prey in their guts), which can be used to indicate the degree to which larvae are feeding successfully, was 94% overall and 100% for larvae >4 mm in length. Diets shifted from copepod nauplii at the earliest stages to a mixture of prey types that predominantly consisted of calanoid copepods, cladocerans, and appendicularians—the last of these having never been observed in the diets of other bluefin species or those of Mediterranean-spawned Atlantic bluefin larvae. Piscivory (consuming other fish larvae) began at lengths ~6 mm and was observed in 71% of larvae 8-10 mm in length. Such a small size at onset of piscivory, as well as high incidence of piscivory, greatly contrasts with bluefin larvae in the Mediterranean where piscivory has not yet been observed. RESUME
Global drivers effect in multi-annual variability of runoff

Abstract Changes in runoff parameters are very important for Slovakia, where stream-flow discharges, being supplied by precipitation and groundwater runoff, are preferentially influenced by climatic conditions. Therefore, teleconnections between runoff parameters, climate parameters and global atmospheric drivers such as North Atlantic Oscillation, Southern Pacific Oscillation, Quasi-biennial oscillation and solar activity were studied in the Nitra River Basin, Slovakia. Research was mostly based on records of 80 years (1931-2010) for discharges and baseflow, and 34 years for groundwater heads. Methods of autocorrelation, spectral analysis, cross-correlation and coherence function were used. Results of auto- correllograms for discharges, groundwater heads and base flow values showed a very distinct 11-year and 21-year periodicity. Spectrogram analysis documented the 11-year, 7.8-year, 3.6-year and 2.4-year periods in the discharge, precipitation and air temperature time series. The same cycles except of 11-years were also identified in the long-term series of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Southern Pacific Oscillation indices. The cycle from approximately 2.3 to 2.4-years is most likely connected with Quasi-biennial oscillation. The close negative correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation winter index and the hydrological surface and groundwater parameters can be used for their prediction within the same year and also for one year in advance.
Time-lapse changes of seismic velocity in the shallow ground caused by

A color image forming apparatus provided with plural charging devices, plural image exposure devices, and plural developing devices which are arranged around the outer circumference of a photoreceptor so that a color image is formed during a single rotation of the photoreceptor. The apparatus comprises a supporting cylinder for enclosing the photoreceptor and for supporting the plural image exposure devices thereon.
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOME HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN SUSPENDED DUST OF SELECTED LABORATIES IN USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY, SOKOTO,

The suspended dust in selected laboratory (Agric. Chemical, biochemistry, chemistry, microbiology and physics) of the faculty of sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University were collected, digested and analysed for both physico-chemical (Mg, Ca, CEC and OM) and heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Cd, Cu and Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The Ca content was below 2mg/kg in all the samples except physics laboratory with 2.8mg/kg, while Mg was ranges between 0.68 – 4.94mg/kg. The organic matter (OM) was higher in Biochemistry laboratory compared to Agric. chemical
The timing and duration of the Karoo igneous event, southern Gondwana

A volcanic event of immense scale occurred within a relatively short period in early Jurassic time over large regions of the contiguous Gondwana supercontinent. In southern Africa, associated remnants of thick volcanic successions of lava flows and extensive dike and sill complexes of similar composition have been grouped together as the Karoo Igneous Province. Correlative volcanic and plutonic rocks occur in Antarctica and Australia as the Ferrar Province. Thirty-two new 40Ar-39Ar incremental heating experiments on feldspars and whole rocks from Namibia, South Africa and East Antarctica produce highly resolved ages with a vast majority at 183±1 Ma and a total range of 184 to 179 Ma. These are indistinguishable from recent, high-resolution 40Ar-39Ar and U-Pb age determinations reported from the Antarctic portion of the province. Initial Karoo volcanism (Lesotho-type compositions) occurred across the entire South African craton. The ubiquitous distribution of a plexus of generally nonoriented feeder dikes and sills intruding Precambrian crystalline rocks and Phanerozoic sediments indicates that these magmas penetrated the craton over a broad region. Lithosphere thinning of the continent followed the main pulse of igneous activity, with volcanism focused in the Lebombo-Nuanetsi region, near the eventual split between Africa and Antarctica. Seafloor spreading and dispersion of east and west Gondwana followed some 10–20 m.y. afterward. The volume of the combined Karoo-Ferrar province (∼2.5×106 km3) makes it one of the largest continental flood basalt events. The timing of this event correlates with a moderate mass extinction (Toarcian-Aalenian), affecting largely marine invertebrates. This extinction event was not as severe as those recorded at the Permian-Triassic or Cretaceous-Tertiary boundaries associated with the Siberian and Deccan flood basalts events, respectively. The difference may be due to the high southerly latitude and somewhat lower eruption rates of the Karoo event.
Beyond belief: Strategic taboos and organizational identity in strategic agenda setting

A comprehensive strategic agenda matters for fundamental strategic change. Our study seeks to explore and theorize how organizational identity beliefs influence the judgment of strategic actors when setting an organization’s strategic agenda. We offer the notion of “strategic taboo” as those strategic options initially disqualified and deemed inconsistent with the organizational identity beliefs of strategic actors. Our study is concerned with how strategic actors confront strategic taboos in the process of setting an organization’s strategic agenda. Based on a revelatory inductive case study, we find that strategic actors engage in assessing the concordance of the strategic taboos with organizational identity beliefs and, more specifically, that they focus on key identity elements (philosophy; priorities; practices) when doing so. We develop a typology of three reinterpretation practices that are each concerned with a key identity element. While contextualizing assesses the potential concordance of a strategic taboo with an organization’s overall philosophy and purpose, instrumentalizing assesses such concordance with respect to what actors deem an organization’s priorities to be. Finally, normalizing explores concordance with respect to compatibility and fit with the organization’s practices. We suggest that assessing concordance of a strategic taboo with identity elements consists in reinterpreting collective identity beliefs in ways that make them consistent with what organizational actors deem the right course of action. This article discusses the implications for theory and research on strategic agenda setting, strategic change, a practice-based perspective on strategy, and on organizational identity.
Isolation and Structural Determination of an Anti Bacterial Constituent from the Leaves of Cassia alata Linn.

1. Professor and Head, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Tadong, Gangtok737102,Sikkim, India. Telefax : 0353-2468908 [E-mail: dr_pkmitra@rediffmail.com] 2. Biochem Academy, Saktigarh, Siliguri 734005, West Bengal, India. 3. Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Tadong, Gangtok737102,Sikkim, India 4. Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur 734430 Siliguri, West Bengal, India . 5. Professor and Head, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Tadong, Gangtok737102, Sikkim, India. [E-mail: dr_pkmitra@rediffmail.com; Telefax: 0353-2468908]
Effects of Short-Term Interval Training Courses on Fitness and Weight Loss of Untrained Girls

Due to the increase in obesity and sedentary lifestyle in today's world, encouraging the individuals to do appropriate and academic physical activities and studying sports programs with different structures are if gr eat importance. The present paper aims to study the effect of 30 minutes interval short courses of running (4 rounds ◊ 7:30 minutes) with a mean intensity of 60 -75% of heart rate reserve (HRR) for 6 weeks on body composition and aerobic capacity (Vo2max) i n untrained girl university students. Twenty six untrained girl university students aged 19 to 23 years old with a percentage of body fat (PBF) of more than 30 and a Vo2max of less than 40 ml/kg/min were randomly selected and into divided into two groups i ncluding training group (n=16) and the control (n=10). Weight, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (BF%), lean body mass (LBM), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were measured as indicators of health before and after six weeks of trial. Findings of the present study showed that 6 weeks of interval running improved body composition and aerobic capacity of untrained girls. This means that there was a significant decrease in PBF, weight, and BMI of untrained girls. In addition, maximal oxygen consum ption showed a significant increase (p "d0.05), while no significant change was observed in lean body mass. Findings of the present study indicate the importance of combining the short courses of work and rest for 30 min in a day. The present study merely di scuss the effective role of interval short
Prospects for Biofortification Reducing Micronutrient Deficiency in Kenya: Lessons from Sugar Fortification Programmes

Food fortification has proven to be an important strategy for addressing micronutrient deficiency that includes vitamin A, iron and zinc deficiency in most developing countries. Development efforts have thus focused on breeding for crops that have natural ability to produce through a process widely known as bio-fortification. However, efforts to promote mass fortification of foods (both bio and industrial) have yielded little success due to existence of weak information on factors affecting consumption of these nutritionally-enhanced foods. This study therefore, assessed factors affecting consumption of fortified foods using Vitamin A fortified sugar as a case study. Data collected from rural and urban areas of Kenya was analyzed through a probit model to examine consumption drivers. The results showed that point of purchase, trust for stakeholders’ involved in fortification, consumer’ awareness and knowledge of the importance of vitamin A have significant effects on consumption of fortified foods. These findings offer useful insights for the development of nutrition policies in Kenya, and Africa at large.