Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are in situ weight-specific growth rates body-size independent in marine planktonic copepods? A re-analysis of the global syntheses and a new empirical model

The dependency of in situ weight-specific growth rates of marine copepods upon individual body size (weight) was examined by compiling literature values. Two predictive models were compared to the compiled values, one in which weight-specific growth rate of individuals is dependent upon hod! size and temperature, and another in which weight-specific growth rate is dcpendent upon temperaturv but independent of indlvldual body size. By comparing pred~ctions from thc models with the compiled values, it is sho\vn that the former model is a better pred~ctor of weight-specific growth rates foimanne copepods undcr most conditions. Temperature and body weight are of influence upon we~qht-specific growth rates for the whole data set (which includes adult, juvenile and mixed growth types), rates declining with increasing size. Allometric scaling coeff~cients of b = 0.581 to 0.737 were found when adult weight-specific fecundity and juvenile weight-spec~fic growth are considered together. while the significant relationships give b values of 0.706 and 0.739 when juvenile growth was considered alone. These are similar to those describing other metabolic rates. No significant relationship was found for weight-specific fecundity and body weight, although the data set was very limited. Copepod generation times were shown to be weight dependent when compared to the combined geometric mean of egg and adult weights rather than adult weight alone. By combining data from the literature, a new globally applicable empirical equation was constructed which allows predictions of the weight-specific growth rates of copepods from body weight and temperature. Given that many mesoand macrozooplankton samples are dominated by copepods, it is suggested that this equation may be the most appropriate for estimat~on of growth and production for suites of such organisms when there is a lack of growth rate data available
Does mental health matter for poor, HIV-infected women/mothers in the era of HAART?

This paper reviews the available evidence regarding the relationship between HIV/AIDS, poverty, gender and mental health in order to address the question of whether mental health has any relevance for poor, HIV infected women and mothers in the era of HAART. Evidence points convincingly to the growing feminisation of the epidemic as well as the differential social and economic impact of HIV on women in general, and women in developing countries in particular. Further, HIV and poverty, both of which will be shown to be influenced by gender dynamics, independently contribute to elevated risk for poor mental health. It is argued that even with the advent of antiretroviral therapy, which has not been shown unequivocally to ameliorate poor psychological adjustment, mental health concerns remain relevant and significant for HIV infected women living in poverty. Further, this renders the relative neglect of mental health in the context of HIV/AIDS an important omission on the part of policymakers and service providers alike. The feminisation of the epidemic Some twenty-five years into the epidemic, several things have become clear, amongst these, the fact that HIV/AIDS is increasingly a disease of women living in poverty (Farmer, Connors & Simmons, 1996). While HIV was once viewed as a disease of homosexual men and intravenous drug users, the number of infected women has been increasing worldwide, particularly in areas where heterosexual sex is the dominant mode of HIV transmission (UNAIDS, 2004a). Further, in all communities and countries, including the richest nations, it is the economically and social disadvantaged who are most vulnerable to infection (Whiteside, 2002). According to the latest (UNAIDS, 2005) figures, globally, 40.3 million people were infected with HIV in 2005, of which 17.5 million were adult women (aged
FERMENTATIVE BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY ANAEROBIC, THERMOPHILIC BACTERIUM Thermoanaerobacterium aciditolerans Trau DAt ISOALTED FROM VIETNAM

Thermoanaerobacterium aciditolerans bacterium Trau DAt isolated in Vietnam had the hydrogen production capability under the anaerobic condition at 55 o C. Using glucose, the dark fermentation of strain Trau DAt for hydrogen production was performed in three different scales: the flask scales under the suitable (1) and optimal (2) conditions, and the automatic fermentor system Bio-Flo 110 (3). Under the suitable condition, the strain Trau DAt produced 330 ml volume total gas (L-1) and hydrogen occupied 42.95% of gas total. Under the optimal condition, the maximum volume total gas of 701 ml (L-1) was obtained and hydrogen occupied of 77.2% total volume gas. Based on results of RSM analysis and pH controlled examination, the dark fermentation of strain Trau DAt was performed under automatic fermentor system scale (Bio-Flo 110). 2.64 L total gas (L-1) was obtained by consuming 92.58% glucose and hydrogen volume occupied 94.85% of gas total. The maximum hydrogen yield of strain Trau DAt was 1.63 mol H2 (mol glucose)-1. Obtained results showed the remarkable potentiality of Trau DAt strain in application to the larger fermentation scale for biohydrogen production in Vietnam.
Evidence for tropical endemicity in the Deltaproteobacteria Marine Group B/SAR324 bacterioplankton clade

The fine-scale phylogeny of the deeply branching Deltaproteobacteria Marine Group B/SAR324 (MGB/SAR324) bacterioplankton clade was analyzed using partial 16S rRNA gene sequence and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Both sets of analyses revealed consider- able sequence variation, which, along with bootstrap calculations, strongly support the discrimina- tion of 3 'species' level clusters (i.e. displaying 97% between-cluster 16S rRNA gene sequence identity) within this clade, which are here designated as MGB/SAR324 clade groups I and II and the MGB/SAR276 clade. The biogeographical ranges of these 3 clades were ana- lyzed using newly acquired 16S and ITS sequences from Stn ALOHA (22.45° N, 158° W), along with sequences available in the public domain. MGB/SAR324 clade group I and the MBG/SAR276 clade display a clearly restricted distribution, occurring only in tropical and subtropical waters at depths <250 m. These groups represent the first reported species- and genus-level phylotypes displaying a 'tropical-only' global distribution. MGB/SAR324 clade group II, which has been previously described as ubiquitous, occurs across the latitudinal gradient, but is generally restricted to deep, colder waters in the lower latitudes. Enzyme sequences associated at least with MGB/SAR324 clade group II appear to indicate a role for this group in dissolved organic phosphate cycling.
Toxicity of neem oil to Bemisia tabaci biotype B nymphs reared on dry bean

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o estagio ninfal de Bemisia tabaci biotipo B mais suscetivel ao oleo de nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) aplicado em feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), em casa telada. Foram avaliados o tempo letal (TL) e concentracao letal (CL) do oleo comercial de sementes de nim Dalneem. Para CL, concentracoes de 0, 0,1, 0,25, 0,5, 1 e 2% do produto foram pulverizadas diretamente sobre as ninfas em cada instar. Para TL, o produto foi avaliado a 0, 0,5 e 1% de oleo de nim em cada instar. Ninfas vivas e mortas foram contadas cinco dias apos a pulverizacao para CL e diariamente para TL durante seis dias. Para o quarto instar, a CL50 foi de 0,56% de oleo de nim. Considerando todos os instares, CL50 e CL95 foram estimadas em 0,32 e 2,78% de oleo de nim, respectivamente. Os TL50 para 1% de nim foram estimados em 2,46, 4,45, 3,02 e 6,98 dias para o primeiro, segundo, terceiro e quarto instares, respectivamente. Os TL50 estimados para 0,5 e 1% de oleo de nim foram de cinco e quatro dias, respectivamente, considerando todos os instares. No sexto dia, foi observada mortalidade superior a 80% para o primeiro, segundo e terceiro instares a 1% de oleo de nim. Os tres primeiros instares foram mais suscetiveis ao oleo de nim que o quarto instar.
QUANTIFYING THE ECONOMIC PARAMETERS AS INDICATORS OF OPTIMAL MOMENT OF SERBIA'S ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION/КВАНТИФИКОВАЊЕ ЕКОНОМСКИХ ПАРАМЕТАРА КАО ИНДИКАТОРА ОПТИМАЛНОГ МОМЕНТА ПРИСТУПАЊА СРБИЈЕ ЕВРОПСКОЈ УНИЈИ

The process of joining the European Union is largely driven by the procedures developed clearly and in graet detail, and at first glance it may appear that the entire process does not have much room for creative functioning of national monetary authorities. However, given the duration of this process, the sequence of steps and preparatory actions have become an important aspect of the overall process, which is the responsibility of the candidate countries. The decision about the future steps should be made on the basis of an objective scientific analysis, based on the quantitative economic indicators. Therefore, it is very important for any prospective member states to determine the optimal moment of accession to the European Union, and later to the European Monetary Union, in terms of minimizing the adjustment costs, and maximizing the benefits of the future membership. The aim is to determine the optimal moment of Serbia's accession to the European Union, from the economic aspect, i.e. reaching the numerical values of the key macroeconomic data that were singled out as the most important indicators in this process. Key words: European Union, monetary integration, convergence criteria, macroeconomic indicators, Republic of Serbia. Процес прикључења Европској унији у великој је мери вођен јасним и де- таљно развијеним процедурама, па на први поглед може изгледати као да у це- локупном процесу нема превише простора за креативно деловање националних монетарних власти. Међутим, с обзиром на трајање овог процеса, редослед ко- рака и припремне радње постају важан аспект укупног процеса, који остаје у надлежности држава кандидата. Oдлуку о будућим корацима треба донети на основу објективне научне анализе, која ће бити заснована на квантитавним еко- номским индикаторима. Стога је одређење оптималног момента приступања Европској унији веома важно за сваку од будућих земаља чланица, а потом и Европској монетраној унији са аспекта смањивања трошкова прилагођавања и повећавања користи од будућег чланства. Циљ рада је одређивање оптималног момента уласка Србије у Европску унију са економског аспекта, односно дости- зања нумеричких вредности кључних макроеономских података који су се из- двојили као најзначајнији индикатори у овом процесу. Кључне речи: Европска унија, монетарне интеграције, критеријуми конвергенције, макроекономски индикатори, Република Србија
Do As Others Do: Modeling IT Adoption Intentions through Institutional and Social Contagion Theories

Recognizing that organizations reside in institutional networks that influence organizational structure and actions, this research proposes using social contagion theory to extend institutional theory-based research to predict organization intentions toward adopting an information technology (IT) innovation. Moving beyond the dominant “diffusion of innovation” approach to IT innovation, this study articulates a model of the “social contagion” of technology adoption. Rooted in social contagion theory, we suggest that cohesion and structural equivalence interact with mimetic and normative forces to shape organization adoption intentions. We suggest that cohesion moderates normative and mimetic predictors’ influence on firm IT adoption intentions. Also, we further posit that structural equivalence moderates the relationship between mimetic pressures and technology adoption intentions. By combining established institutional theorybased predictors of technology adoption with social contagion constructs, we broaden our understanding of IT innovation phenomena. The paper concludes with implications for research and practice.
Trading Activity and Transaction Costs in Structured Credit Products

After conducting the first study of secondary trading in structured credit products, the authors report that the majority of products did not trade even once during the 21-month sample. Execution costs averaged 24 bps when trades occurred and were considerably higher for products with a greater proportion of retail-size trades. The authors estimate that the introduction of public trade reporting would decrease trading costs in retail-oriented products by 5–7 bps.
Physical and Chemical Characterization of Three Non-Toxic Oilseeds from the Jatropha Genus

Jatropha is a multipurpose genus rich in oil that can be used to manufacture fuel, candles, soap, cosmetic and drugs. Defatted kernel meal of Jatropha non-toxic species can also be used as animal feed because of its protein high content. Three Jatropha species, J. cinerea, J. curcas and J. platyphylla grown in Northwest of Mexico were evaluated for seed, oil and defatted meal characteristics. Seed characteristics, oil yield and fatty acid composition differed significantly among the genus with minimal variation in thermal oil characteristics. Jatropha oil yield (55-62%) was higher than other commercial oilseeds as soya and rapeseed. J. cinerea and J. platyphylla oils and their defatted meals exhibited similar characteristics and profiles. The levels of all essential amino acids, except lysine, were higher than the recommended for a child of 2-5 years old. Amino acid composition of J. curcas was superior to those of J. cinerea and J. platyphylla and can therefore be a potential alternative as an animal/human food for soybean meal.
Influence of exsolved gases on slope performance at the Sarnia approach cut to the St. Clair Tunnel

In 1993, over 100 years after the completion of the original St. Clair Tunnel and its approach cuts, work com- menced on the new St. Clair Tunnel. The new tunnel used the existing approaches, but required additional excavation to widen and deepen the original cuts. In Sarnia, the new work initiated unusual deep-seated deformations on the south slope of the approach. Effective stress finite element analysis (FEA), using an elliptical cap soil model coupled with Biot consol- idation theory, was used to model the 1993 construction, but initial predictions were unable to capture the trend of defor- mations noted in the field. Naturally occurring gases are frequently encountered near the base of the overburden in the Sarnia area and this phenomenon was observed during drilling investigations in the Sarnia approach cut. Including the ef- fects of the presence of exsolved natural gases in fine-grained soils subjected to unloading in the FEA results in substan- tially better predictions in the trend of deformations on the slopes of the approach cut.
Interactive comment on “ Distributed vs . semi-distributed simulations of snowpack dynamics in alpine areas : case study in the upper Arve catchment , French Alps , 1989 – 2015 ” by Jesús Revuelto et al .

Below we provide a detailed response to all comments, and indicate resulting changes in the manuscript. Please, note that lines referred in this response are these of the manuscript tracked with changes. Additionally to changes referred in this response other changes have been accomplished to improve the final manuscript. For instance the manuscript title has been changed to better describe our study. Now the title is:
The mass function of nearby black hole candidates

Context. The mass function of supermassive black holes in our cosmic neighborhood is required to understand the statistics of their activity and consequently the origin of ultra high energy particles. Aims. We determine a mass function of supermassive black hole candidates from the entire sky except for the Galactic plane. Methods. Using the 2MASS catalogue as a starting point, and the well-established correlation between black hole mass and the bulge of old population of stars, we derive a list of nearby black hole candidates within the redshift range z < 0.025, then perform an additional selection based on the Hubble type. We present our resulting catalogue elsewhere. The final list of black hole candidates
The comparison of maladaptive cognitive schemas and irrational beliefs among smoker and non-smoker students

Introduction Smoking cigar, based on astonishing statistics, incorporates 5 million deaths each years and it is known as a fatal universal element (1). It is estimated that 29% of adult American men and 21% of women smoke cigar (2). In the last 50 years, more than 20 million American have died because of smoking cigar (3). Lung cancer, emphysema, severe bronchitis, other types of cancer, stroke, heart coroner diseases, and addiction are some of the consequences of smoking cigar (4). It is predicted that by the year 2020 if we do not stop smoking cigar, we will have 10 million death sin which most of them happen in developing countries. In Iran, based on a research that was carried out recently, the average outbreak of using cigar among students was 8.9% (18% among male and 1.4% among female students) (5). However, based on the Ministry of Health and Medical Education only 6.2% of men and 6% of women quit smoking (6). Apart from official organizations and sanitary centers, universities and educational institutes are also worried about the negative results of smoking on students (7). Maladaptive cognitive schemas can be related to smoking cigar and other types of drugs used by students. Original Article
Mixed Convection in Horizontal Internally Finned Semicircular Ducts

The problem of combined free and forced convection in horizontal semicircular ducts (flat wall at the bottom) with radial internal fins is investigated from a numerical point of view. The wall of the duct is assumed to have a uniform heat input along the axial direction with a uniform peripheral wall temperature (H1). The analysis focuses on the case of hydrodynamically and thermally fully-developed laminar flow. The governing equations for the velocity and temperature are solved by using a control-volume-based finite-difference approach. The fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are found to be dependent on the Grashof number, the fin length and the number of fins. It is also found that the heat transfer rate increases with the Grashof number and is more intense with respect to the case of finless semicircular ducts. The most remarkable outcome of the present study is that, for each number of fins an optimum fin length exists at which the Nusselt number attains a maximum. Keyword: Laminar Mixed Convection, Semicircular Ducts.
Exposure to PM2.5 and respiratory health among traffic policemen in Kuala Lumpur

Exposure to traffic air pollutant have shown a significant health effect on respiratory systems and decreased in lung function among traffic policemen. The main objective of this study was to determine the relationships between personal exposure levels to PM2.5 and respiratory health among traffic policemen working at Traffic Police Station in Kuala Lumpur and general duty policemen attached to Police Headquarters, Bukit Aman. A cross sectional comparative study was conducted among 50 traffic policemen from Traffic Police Station Kuala Lumpur and 50 general duty policemen from Police Headquarters Bukit Aman as comparative group. A purposive sampling method was used to select the respondents based on inclusive criteria such as age between 25 to 60 years, no history of respiratory disease and working not less than 3 years as traffic policemen. Questionnaire based on ATS (1978) was used to collect information on socio-demographic and respiratory symptoms. Spirometer (Spirolab II Model) was used to perform lung function tests. Personal Air Sampling Pump (Aircheck 52) was used to measure personal exposure level to PM2.5. The mean exposure level of PM2.5 among the traffic policemen was 22.33 ± 8. 54μg/m³ compared to only 5.60 ± 4. 29μg/m³ for comparative group. There was a significant difference in all lung function parameters between the exposed group and comparative group. From the finding, it shows that there was significant relationship between working duration (years) and lung function parameters among both exposed and comparative group. The result from this research shows that traffic policemen were determined as having lower lung function parameters due to their nature of work and the environment. Also, there was a significant association between exposure to fine particle (PM2.5) and lung function among the exposed group. Finding from this study indicated that exposure to elevated concentration level to traffic related air pollutant was the risk factors in the development of respiratory diseases as shown by the higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms and the reduction in lung function among traffic policemen.
The endorsement of cognitive distortions: comparing child pornography offenders and contact sex offenders

This study examined the endorsement of cognitive distortions in child pornography offenders (CPOs), using an established assessment tool, the Abel and Becker Cognition Scale. The scale was expanded to include cognitions specific to child pornography offending, extracted from Howitt and Sheldon's Children and Sexual Activities Inventory (C&SA). Three samples of CPOs, child sex offenders and offenders with both offence types responded to the cognition items. An exploratory Principal Component Analysis suggested six main components of the scale. CPOs were significantly less likely to endorse these statements in general, and this was more pronounced on items that project blame onto the child or other people, describe a need for power and consider children as sexually active. The statements extracted from C&SA did not differentiate between the groups. These findings are discussed under consideration of the relationship between cognitive distortions and contact sex offending, and in reference to the general criticism concerning the definition and appropriate measurement of cognitive distortions.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL LIQUEFACTION INDUCED FAILURE OF EMBANKMENTS

Soil structures such as river dikes, highway embankments, and earth dams have been frequently damaged during past major earthquakes. In most cases, large deformations occurred due to liquefaction of the supporting loose cohesionless foundation soil, resulting in cracks, settlement, lateral spreading, and slumping. Some researchers showed that river levees resting on non-liqueﬁable foundation soil have been damaged. In this regard, the base of such levees subsided in a bowl shape due to foundation consolidation that was shown to have the principal contribution to liquefaction as an underlying mechanism. This paper aims at describing the global dynamic response of a thin Loose Sand layer located buried in deep (10m) stratum of Clay (less permeable), situated at the foundation of a levee, due to liquefaction phenomenon. This study purpose is to reproduce such behavior by applying numerical simulations, adopting the open-source computational platform OpenSees. In particular, this study considers a 2D soil model of a levee subjected to earthquakes in order to investigate the failure of embankments induced by non-liqueﬁable soil foundation with a thin sand layer with partially drained condition. A parametric analysis using ground motions at multiple levels of intensity was performed to highlight the inﬂuence of parameters such as, the thickness of saturated zone, the permeability ratio between saturated zone and non-liqueﬁable
Trust and Growth in the 1990s: A Robustness Analysis : A Robustness Analysis

We conduct an extensive robustness analysis of the relationship between trust and growth for a later time period (the 1990s) and with a bigger sample (63 countries) than previous studies. In addition to robustness tests that focus on model uncertainty, we use Least Trimmed Squares, a robust estimation technique, to identify outliers and investigate how they affect the results. We find that the trust-growth relationship is less robust with respect to empirical specification and to countries in the sample than previously claimed, and that outliers affect the results. Nevertheless trust seems quite important compared with many other growth-regression variables.