Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The compact Hα emitting regions of the Herbig Ae/Be stars HD 179218 and HD 141569 from CHARA spectro-interferometry

This work presents CHARA/VEGA Hα spectro-interferometry (R ∼ 6000, and λ/2B ∼ 1 mas) of HD 179218 and HD 141569, doubling the sample of Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars for which this type of observations is available so far. The observed Hα emission is spatially unresolved, indicating that the size of the Hα emitting region is smaller than ∼0.21 and 0.12 au for HD 179218 and HD 141529 (∼15 and 16 R*, respectively). This is smaller than for the two other HAeBes previously observed with the same instrumentation. Two different scenarios have been explored in order to explain the compact line emitting regions. A hot, several thousand K, blackbody disc is consistent with the observations of HD 179218 and HD 141569. Magnetospheric accretion (MA) is able to reproduce the bulk of the Hα emission shown by HD 179218, confirming previous estimates from MA shock modelling with a mass accretion rate of 10−8 M⊙ yr−1, and an inclination to the line of sight between 30∘ and 50∘. The Hα profile of HD 141569 cannot be fitted from MA due to the high rotational velocity of this object. Putting the CHARA sample together, a variety of scenarios is required to explain the Hα emission in HAeBe stars – compact or extended, discs, accretion, and winds – in agreement with previous Brγ spectro-interferometric observations.
Osteogenic Capacities of Periost Grafts, Periost Flaps and Prefabricated Periosteal Flaps: Experimental Study

Reconstruction of the bone defects due to various causes is still one of the challenging problems in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Periosteum is accepted to be the essential source for the repair of the bone tissue, which constitutes the basis of the support and the mobility functions of the surrounding tissues. Periosteal grafts and flaps have been used for various purposes by numerous techniques. The osteogenic activity of the periosteal tissues has a great importance regarding the purposes of reconstruction. In this experimental study, 20 New Zealand rabbits were used for the evaluation and the comparison of the osteogenic activities of periosteal grafts, periosteal flaps and prefabricated periosteal flaps. Morphological, histopathological and scinthigraphical observations were carried out for the assessment and the comparison of the groups after a follow-up of 12 weeks. Two of the animals were left out as a result of infection. The results showed that periosteal flaps had a much faster and more stable reconstructive capacity of osteogenesis, whereas prefabricated periosteal flaps had an osteogenic capacity of a lower degree and periosteal grafts apparently less than the former groups. We believe that this study confirms the reconstructive capacity of prefabricated periosteal flaps as an alternative to periosteal flaps for the repair of osseous tissues as well as indicating the osteogenic capacity of the periosteal grafts, though in a lesser degree.
Assessment of cellular toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles for cardiac tissue engineering applications

Abstract Because of the increased use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in tissue engineering (TE), and in new constructs for cardiac TE, their effect was studied on three relevant cell types: Adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CM) and fibroblasts. For adult rat myocytes, 10 μg/mL TiO2 NPs showed no significant effect on myocyte survival over 24 h or acute myocyte contractility. Increasing the concentration to 100 μg/mL was seen to reduce contraction amplitude (p < 0.05). For hESC-CM, 10 μg/mL TiO2 reduced the beating rate significantly by 24 h. No arrhythmias or cessation of beating were observed in either cell type. Culturing fibroblasts in 5–150 μg/mL TiO2 significantly reduced cell proliferation at day 4 and increased cell death. We conclude that there may be modest but potentially adverse effects of TiO2 NPs if used in fast degrading polymers for myocardial tissue engineering (MTE) applications.
Unique localization of the plastid-specific ribosomal proteins in the chloroplast ribosome small subunit provides mechanistic insights into the chloroplastic translation

Abstract Chloroplastic translation is mediated by a bacterial-type 70S chloroplast ribosome. During the evolution, chloroplast ribosomes have acquired five plastid-specific ribosomal proteins or PSRPs (cS22, cS23, bTHXc, cL37 and cL38) which have been suggested to play important regulatory roles in translation. However, their exact locations on the chloroplast ribosome remain elusive due to lack of a high-resolution structure, hindering our progress to understand their possible roles. Here we present a cryo-EM structure of the 70S chloroplast ribosome from spinach resolved to 3.4 Å and focus our discussion mainly on the architecture of the 30S small subunit (SSU) which is resolved to 3.7 Å. cS22 localizes at the SSU foot where it seems to compensate for the deletions in 16S rRNA. The mRNA exit site is highly remodeled due to the presence of cS23 suggesting an alternative mode of translation initiation. bTHXc is positioned at the SSU head and appears to stabilize the intersubunit bridge B1b during thermal fluctuations. The translation factor plastid pY binds to the SSU on the intersubunit side and interacts with the conserved nucleotide bases involved in decoding. Most of the intersubunit bridges are conserved compared to the bacteria, except for a new bridge involving uL2c and bS6c.
New Product Quality and Product Development Teams

New product quality has been found to have a major influence on the market success and profitability of a new product. Firms are increasingly using cross-functional teams for product development in hopes of improving product quality, yet researchers know little about how such teams affect quality. The author proposes and tests a series of hypotheses regarding how new product quality is affected by team characteristics (functional diversity and information integration) and contextual influences (time pressure, product innovativeness from the firm's perspective, customers’ influence on the product development process, and quality orientation in the firm). The findings reveal that quality is positively related to information integration in the team, customers’ influence on the product development process, and quality orientation in the firm. New product quality is negatively influenced by the innovativeness of the new product from the firm's perspective. However, information integration mitigates the negative effect of innovativeness on quality. Quality orientation weakens the relationship between information integration and quality. Time pressure and functional diversity do not have any effect on product quality.
REPORTING COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ISSUES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM GHANA

The issue of reporting comprehensive has generated lots of debate in the accounting and finance literature in a bid to find a common ground for international harmonization of financial statements. The debate ranges from relevance of CI, through format to basic contents of the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive. This the IASB tends to address by issuing IAS 1 revised (2007 and 2011). This Study intends to interrogate the issues raised in IAS 1 revised and the academic literature using the 2013 annual financial statement as published on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE). The issues that were investigated include; title or denomination used, single or two statement approach, expense classification and contents of the statement of ‘profit or Loss and other comprehensive income’. The results show that there is a high degree of homogeneity in accounting practices in Ghana, making it easier for financial information users to compare entities. Thus, making a strong case for the need for IASB and FASB to co-operate in setting financial reporting standards. Further, we find that the classification of expense by function by majority of the entities in the sample may due to the nature of those entities.
Spectral Clustering Using Optimized Gaussian Kernel Function

Clustering and segmentation algorithms that depend on Gaussian kernel function as a way for constructing affinity matrix, these algorithms like spectral clustering algorithms suffer from the poor estimation of parzen window σ. The final re-sults depend on this parameter and differ on each time we change it.In this paper we present a new algorithm for estimation σ using optimization techniques, we construct a vector 𝜎𝜎� 𝑖𝑖 ���⃗ , each 𝜎𝜎� 𝑖𝑖 corresponding to i th row in a dissimilarity matrix which is used to construct an affinity matrix using Gaussian kernel function. Our algo-rithm shows that choosing 𝜎𝜎� 𝑖𝑖 as the formula
Sensing the strike of a predator fish depends on the specific gravity of a prey fish

SUMMARY The ability of a predator fish to capture a prey fish depends on the hydrodynamics of the prey and its behavioral response to the predator's strike. Despite the importance of this predator–prey interaction to the ecology and evolution of a diversity of fish, it is unclear what factors dictate a fish's ability to evade capture. The present study evaluated how the specific gravity of a prey fish's body affects the kinematics of prey capture and the signals detected by the lateral line system of the prey during the strike of a suction-feeding predator. The specific gravity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae was measured with high precision from recordings of terminal velocity in solutions of varying density. This novel method found that specific gravity decreased by ∼5% (from 1.063, N=8, to 1.011, N=35) when the swim bladder inflates. To examine the functional consequences of this change, we developed a mathematical model of the hydrodynamics of prey in the flow field created by a suction-feeding predator. This model found that the observed decrease in specific gravity due to swim bladder inflation causes an 80% reduction of the flow velocity around the prey's body. Therefore, swim bladder inflation causes a substantial reduction in the flow signal that may be sensed by the lateral line system to evade capture. These findings demonstrate that the ability of a prey fish to sense a predator depends crucially on the specific gravity of the prey.
Audit Committee Financial Expertise, Corporate Governance and Accruals Quality: An Empirical Analysis

Following the enactment of the Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002, US stock exchanges strongly advocate the presence of financial experts on audit committees. However, the ideal definition of financial expertise proves to be a controversial issue culminating with the stock exchanges adopting a wide scoped definition of financial expertise. Using this definition, prior studies have not provided consistent evidence of financial expertise positively influencing audit committee effectiveness. We investigate the association between three types of audit committee financial expertise (accounting, finance and supervisory expertise) and accruals quality. We find significant positive relation between accounting expertise and accruals quality, which is more pronounced in the presence of strong audit committee governance. The findings indicate that the current definition of financial expertise is too broad and any future refinements must focus on accounting expertise of the audit committee members.
The cost of immunity in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti depends on immune activation

Although host immunity offers the obvious benefit of reducing parasite infection, it is often traded‐off with other fitness components. We investigated whether the cost of an immune response in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is modulated by the antigen that activates the melanization immune response. Thus, one of three different novel antigens were injected into the mosquito's thorax – either a glass bead, a negatively charged (C‐25) Sephadex bead, or a neutral (G‐25) Sephadex bead – and fecundity and bead melanization were observed. Glass beads are immunologically inert and were therefore used as an inoculation control. The fecundity of mosquitoes inoculated with these beads did not differ from the fecundity of mosquitoes that did not melanize negatively charged or neutral beads. The ability of A. aegypti to melanize negatively charged Sephadex beads was associated with reduced fecundity, showing a clear cost of immunity. In contrast, melanization of the neutral beads was quite strong but had no effect on fecundity. Thus, the cost of what appeared to be the same immune response – melanization of a bead – depended on the type of bead that stimulated the immune system. Such differences might help to explain variation of immune efficacy against different parasites in natural populations.
In Lactobacillus plantarum, Carbamoyl Phosphate Is Synthesized by Two Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthetases (CPS): Carbon Dioxide Differentiates the Arginine-Repressed from the Pyrimidine-Regulated CPS

ABSTRACT Carbamoyl phosphate (CP) is an intermediate in pyrimidine and arginine biosynthesis. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (CPS) contains a small amidotransferase subunit (GLN) that hydrolyzes glutamine and transfers ammonia to the large synthetase subunit (SYN), where CP biosynthesis occurs in the presence of ATP and CO2.Lactobacillus plantarum, a lactic acid bacterium, harbors a pyrimidine-inhibited CPS (CPS-P; Elagöz et al., Gene 182:37–43, 1996) and an arginine-repressed CPS (CPS-A). Sequencing has shown that CPS-A is encoded by carA (GLN) and carB (SYN). Transcriptional studies have demonstrated that carB is transcribed both monocistronically and in the carABarginine-repressed operon. CP biosynthesis in L. plantarumwas studied with three mutants (ΔCPS-P, ΔCPS-A, and double deletion). In the absence of both CPSs, auxotrophy for pyrimidines and arginine was observed. CPS-P produced enough CP for both pathways. In CO2-enriched air but not in ordinary air, CPS-A provided CP only for arginine biosynthesis. Therefore, the uracil sensitivity observed in prototrophic wild-type L. plantarum without CO2 enrichment may be due to the low affinity of CPS-A for its substrate CO2 or to regulation of the CP pool by the cellular CO2/bicarbonate level.
The role of technology readiness in self‐service technology acceptance

Purpose – Notwithstanding a significant amount of literature on the technology acceptance model (TAM), past research has overlooked the role consumers' technology readiness (TR) plays in adoption of self‐service technologies (SSTs). This study aims to fill this research gap by developing and testing a model that integrates the role of TR into the TAM.Design/methodology/approach – The study proposes a research framework to suggest the direct and moderating roles of TR in the TAM. Extant research from various research streams is reviewed, resulting in 13 hypotheses. Data collected from customers with SST experiences are examined through structural equation modeling (SEM) and hierarchical moderated regression analysis.Findings – Results indicate that customer TR enhances perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward use, and intention to use. Results also show that TR attenuates the positive relationship between perceived ease of use and attitude toward using SSTs.Research limitations/implicat.
Market potential for organic foods in Europe

Examines the potential of organic foods in European markets, focusing on consumer demand for organic foods and the possibilities for market expansion. Aims to assess potential sales, to identify the factors determining buying propensity, and to identify the main market barriers. Identifies the types of consumers who purchase organic foods, classifying them according to socio‐economic and demographic characteristics. Elucidates the motives for purchasing and the willingness to pay. Identifies the main market barriers and bottlenecks, and examins the potential for future expansion.
Gastrointestinal flora of cotton rats

The gastrointestinal (GI) flora of cotton rats was examined. No lactobacilli were detected in any part of the GI tract. Anaerobes, including Peptococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, bifidobacteria and eubacteria, were the predominant bacteria in the stomach, small intestine, caecum and faeces. Aerobes and facultative anaerobes, including Enterobacteriaceae and streptococci, were detected at low numbers and very low frequency of occurrence in all parts of the GI tract. Sixty-one isolates of bifidobacteria were recovered from the stomach, small intestine, caecum and faeces of cotton rats. They were identified as Bifidobacterium animalis, B. pseudolongum biovar a and b. The study showed that the GI flora of cotton rats seem to be very different from the GI flora in other rodents.
Drivers and Outcomes of Brand Heritage: Consumers' Perception of Heritage Brands in the Automotive Industry

Heritage brands stand for longevity and sustainability, as proof that the core values and performance of the given products are reliable. Focusing on the automotive industry, the aim of the present study is to analyze the drivers and outcomes of brand heritage, focusing on the functions of the brand as perceived by consumers. To explore the perceived values and outcomes of heritage brands, we present the methodology and the results of our empirical study using a partial least squares-based path modeling approach. Our results show the significant effects of brand heritage on consumers' attitudes and behaviors related to the given brand.
DETEKSI FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD DENGAN ANALISIS FRAUD TRIANGLE PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

Cases of fraud often occur in the banking sector. Because of that, this study examinesfactors of fraud triangle in detection of financial statement fraud. The independent variablesof the fraud triangle are financial stability, personal financial need that proxy, and ineffectivemonitoring and dependent variable is financial statement fraud. The population of this studyis the banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011. Data analysis wasperformed with the classical assumption and hypothesis testing using linear regression. Theresults of this study indicate that the financial stability and ineffective monitoring influencethe financial statement fraud. Meanwhile, the personal financial need has no significantimpact on financial statement fraud.Keywords: financial statement fraud, financial stability, personal financial need, ineffectivemonitoringPENDAHULUAN
Foreign Ownership and Corporate Governance Practices in Indonesia

The main question of this paper is whether foreign ownership participation makes corporate governance practices better in developing countries. We focus on the capital structure choice of the firms for examining the governance practices. In this paper, it is shown that MNC in Indonesia is essentially more prudent in their financing policies. This finding can shed light on the role of MNC in developing countries, which is commonly supposed as an important actor in installing better institution of business and economic environment. In Indonesia, where most companies prefer to short-term debt by neglecting the prudent financing policies, MNC tends to be more professionally managed in their financing policies. Furthermore, it is likely common in developing countries where MNC perform better. This is consistent with many arguments supposing MNC as an agent of transformation in diffusing specific asset, knowledge and culture, including governance practices, in developing countries. However, institutional context of certain country should induce directly this behaviour.
The competitive structure of the coffee industry and the impact of fair trade coffee

This thesis examines the current coffee market especially from the viewpoint of market structure. Though several previous literature suggest the presence of market power by large roasters or distributors in consuming countries, none of them showed any models or empirical analyses to prove this. Thus, the main research question of this thesis is to examine whether or not the distribution system in consuming countries has market power within the coffee market. To answer this question, the Farm-Retail Price model developed by Wohlgenant (1989) and Holloway (1991) (the Holloway model) was applied to the Canadian coffee sector. The advantage of this Holloway model is that linear restrictions imposed on the parameters in three-equation model can be used to test whether or not market sectors of agricultural commodities are competitive. The Canadian coffee market was picked up as an example because the coffee market inside Canada is not so large and it might be easier for several companies to obtain market power. Test results for market competitiveness, using Canadian data, provide evidence which implies that the Canadian coffee market might be perfectly competitive at the national level. Nevertheless, as regression results show a relatively poor fit to the data, these test results could be a rejection of the model itself. These test results indicate that the direct application of the Holloway model might have several problems in case of the Canadian coffee market. For example, the import price
On the Road to Success in Equity Crowdfunding

This paper extends the role of signaling and certification to the context of equity crowdfunding by looking into the determinants of funding success on the world's largest equity crowdfunding platform Crowdcube. We identify and empirically test four potential (third party) signals of quality using a sample of 541 campaigns launched between January 2012 and March 2015. Our results suggest that companies that are backed by a business angel, win grants and protect their intellectual property have significantly increased chances of success in equity crowdfunding. Retaining equity does not influence funding success.
Antecedents of New Entrant's Product Scope Strategy: Evidence from the U.S. Hospital Industry

A firm's product scope strategy within its industry is one of the most fundamental concepts in strategic management and entrepreneurship and is particularly important for new entrants. Although the extant literature has focused on the performance implications of firms' product scope positioning (e.g. focus strategy), we still know little about how firms choose their product scope strategy in the first place. We address this important gap by examining the antecedents of new entrants’ product scope strategies. We argue that a new entrant’s product scope strategy depends on internal firm characteristics, such as pre-entry history (or the lack thereof) and the firm's profit orientation, along with the external market environment. Using the U.S. hospital industry as our empirical setting, we find strong support for our hypotheses.