Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TGFβ-Induced Lung Cancer Cell Migration Is NR4A1-Dependent

TGFβ induces migration of lung cancer cells (A549, H460, and H1299), dependent on activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1), and is inhibited by the JNK1 inhibitor SP600125. Moreover, TGFβ-induced migration of the cells is also blocked by the nuclear export inhibitor leptomycin B (LMB) and the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) ligand 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)methane (CDIM8), which retains NR4A1 in the nucleus. Subsequent analysis showed that the TGFβ/TGFβ receptor/PKA/MKK4 and -7/JNK pathway cascade phosphorylates and induces nuclear export of NR4A1, which in turn forms an active complex with Axin2, Arkadia (RNF111), and RNF12 (RLIM) to induce proteasome-dependent degradation of SMAD7 and enhance lung cancer cell migration. Thus, NR4A1 also plays an integral role in mediating TGFβ-induced lung cancer invasion, and the NR4A1 ligand CDIM8, which binds nuclear NR4A1, represents a novel therapeutic approach for TGFβ-induced blocking of lung cancer migration/invasion. Implications: Effective treatment of TGFβ-induced lung cancer progression could involve a number of agents including the CDIM/NR4A1 antagonists that block not only TGFβ-induced migration, but several other NR4A1-regulated prooncogenic genes/pathways in lung cancer cell lines.
Learning Actionable Representations from Visual Observations

In this work we explore a new approach for robots to teach themselves about the world simply by observing it. In particular we investigate the effectiveness of learning task-agnostic representations for continuous control tasks. We extend Time-Contrastive Networks (TCN) that learn from visual observations by embedding multiple frames jointly in the embedding space as opposed to a single frame. We show that by doing so, we are now able to encode both position and velocity attributes significantly more accurately. We test the usefulness of this self-supervised approach in a reinforcement learning setting. We show that the representations learned by agents observing themselves take random actions, or other agents perform tasks successfully, can enable the learning of continuous control policies using algorithms like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) using only the learned embeddings as input. We also demonstrate significant improvements on the real-world Pouring dataset with a relative error reduction of 39.4% for motion attributes and 11.1% for static attributes compared to the single-frame baseline. Video results are available at https://sites.google. com/view/actionablerepresentations
Retrospective Evaluation of Marker-Assisted Selection for Resistance to Bacterial Cold Water Disease in Three Generations of a Commercial Rainbow Trout Breeding Population

Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD), caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum, is an endemic and problematic disease in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture. Previously, we have identified SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) associated with BCWD resistance in rainbow trout. The objectives of this study were (1) to validate the SNPs associated with BCWD resistance in a commercial breeding population; and (2) to evaluate retrospectively the accuracy of MAS (marker-assisted selection) for BCWD resistance in this commercial breeding program. Three consecutive generations of the Troutlodge May breeding population were evaluated for BCWD resistance. Based on our previous studies, a panel of 96 SNPs was selected and used to genotype the parents and ten offspring from each of the 138 full-sib families of the 2015 generation, and 37 SNPs associated with BCWD resistance were validated. Thirty-six of the validated SNPs were clustered on chromosomes Omy3, Omy8 and Omy25. Thus, at least three QTL (quantitative trait loci) for BCWD resistance were validated in the 2015 generation. Three SNPs from each QTL region were used for haplotype association analysis. Three haplotypes, Omy3TGG, Omy8GCG and Omy25CGG, were found to be associated with BCWD resistance in the 2015 generation. Retrospective analyses were then performed to evaluate the accuracy of MAS for BCWD resistance using these three favorable haplotypes. The accuracy of MAS was estimated with the Pearson correlation coefficient between the total number of favorable haplotypes in the two parents and the family BCWD survival rates. The Omy8 and Omy25 haplotypes were positively correlated with the family BCWD survival rates across all three generations. The accuracies of MAS using these two haplotypes together were consistently around 0.5, which was equal or greater than the accuracy of the conventional family-based selection in the same generation. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that MAS for BCWD resistance is feasible in this commercial rainbow trout breeding population.
Use and Usefulness of Dynamic Face Stimuli for Face Perception Studies—a Review of Behavioral Findings and Methodology

Faces that move contain rich information about facial form, such as facial features and their configuration, alongside the motion of those features. During social interactions, humans constantly decode and integrate these cues. To fully understand human face perception, it is important to investigate what information dynamic faces convey and how the human visual system extracts and processes information from this visual input. However, partly due to the difficulty of designing well-controlled dynamic face stimuli, many face perception studies still rely on static faces as stimuli. Here, we focus on evidence demonstrating the usefulness of dynamic faces as stimuli, and evaluate different types of dynamic face stimuli to study face perception. Studies based on dynamic face stimuli revealed a high sensitivity of the human visual system to natural facial motion and consistently reported dynamic advantages when static face information is insufficient for the task. These findings support the hypothesis that the human perceptual system integrates sensory cues for robust perception. In the present paper, we review the different types of dynamic face stimuli used in these studies, and assess their usefulness for several research questions. Natural videos of faces are ecological stimuli but provide limited control of facial form and motion. Point-light faces allow for good control of facial motion but are highly unnatural. Image-based morphing is a way to achieve control over facial motion while preserving the natural facial form. Synthetic facial animations allow separation of facial form and motion to study aspects such as identity-from-motion. While synthetic faces are less natural than videos of faces, recent advances in photo-realistic rendering may close this gap and provide naturalistic stimuli with full control over facial motion. We believe that many open questions, such as what dynamic advantages exist beyond emotion and identity recognition and which dynamic aspects drive these advantages, can be addressed adequately with different types of stimuli and will improve our understanding of face perception in more ecological settings.
Support Recovery From Noisy Random Measurements via Weighted  $\ell _1$ Minimization

Herein, the sample complexity of general weighted <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _1$</tex-math> </inline-formula> minimization in terms of support recovery from noisy underdetermined measurements is analyzed. This analysis generalizes prior work on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _1$</tex-math></inline-formula> minimization by considering arbitrary weighting. The explicit relationship between the weights and the sample complexity is stated such that for random matrices with i.i. d. Gaussian entries, the weighted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _1$</tex-math></inline-formula> minimization recovers the support of the underlying signal with high probability as the problem dimension increases. This result provides a measure that is predictive of relative performance of different algorithms. Motivated by the analysis, a new iterative reweighted strategy is proposed for binary signal recovery. In the binary sparsity-Promoting Reweighted <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _1$</tex-math></inline-formula> minimization (bPRL1) algorithm, a sequence of weighted <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _1$</tex-math></inline-formula> minimization problems are solved where partial support recovery is used to prune the optimization; furthermore, the weights used for the next iteration are updated by the current estimate. bPRL1 is compared to other weighted algorithms through the proposed measure and numerical results are shown to provide superior performance for a spectrum occupancy estimation problem motivated by cognitive radio.
Analyzing Spanish Adolescents Through the Lens of the Resilience Portfolio Model

Some negative experiences during adolescence can jeopardize psychological adaptation throughout life. Therefore, promoting adolescent resilience is an important goal to prevent symptoms of psychopathology. The Resilience Portfolio Model puts forward a framework to understand how different strengths (classified into three dimensions: regulatory, interpersonal, and meaning-making) can help people adapt and even thrive. Through this lens, the current study examines post-traumatic growth after victimization and other adversities. Participants were 407 Spanish adolescents aged from 14 to 18 (79.6% indicated some exposure to adversity). After testing their psychometric adequacy, different measures of strengths, well-being, victimization, and adversity were included in a survey for analyzing their association with post-traumatic growth. Density (more intensity of strengths), diversity (more variety of strengths), and all strength dimensions discriminated between those who scored high or low in post-traumatic growth. While endurance, meaning-making density, and diversity of strengths predicted higher post-traumatic growth, a higher emotional regulation related to lower post-traumatic growth. The model offers a guide for analyzing and promoting resilience in adolescent populations, and a series of short tools for evaluating a broad set of strengths.
Processing of printed silver patterns on an ETFE substrate

Printed electronics makes it possible to fabricate devices on thin and flexible substrates at a low cost and with simple processing. However, substrate characteristics can make patterning challenging. Here, we report our approach for processing printed silver patterns on an extremely hydrophobic ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) foil substrate. The effects of selected surface modification methods on substrate characteristics and final print quality were studied, and the thermal characteristics of ETFE were determined. Conductive silver patterns were fabricated using both screen printing and inkjet printing techniques. Additionally, intense pulse light method was compared to thermal annealing as an alternative annealing method. The surface modification of ETFE was observed to affect ink wetting and print quality. It was concluded that the impact of the chosen annealing method on the final characteristics of the printed structures was significant.
Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III sustains hepatitis E virus replication and represents an antiviral target

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has emerged as a global health problem. However, no approved medication is available, and the infection biology remains largely elusive. Electron transport chain (ETC), a key component of the mitochondria, is the main site that produces ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS). By profiling the role of the different complexes of the mitochondrial ETC, we found that pharmacological inhibition of complex III, a well‐defined drug target for the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia, potently restricts HEV replication. This effect demonstrated in our HEV models is equivalent to the anti‐HEV potency of ribavirin, a widely used off‐label treatment for patients with chronic HEV. Mechanistically, we found that this effect is independent of ATP production, ROS level, and pyridine depletion. By using pharmacological inhibitors and genetic approaches, we found that mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), a newly identified component of ETC, provides basal defense against HEV infection. HEV interferes with the opening of the MPTP. Furthermore, inhibition of the MPTP attenuated the anti‐HEV effect of complex III inhibitors, suggesting that the MPTP mediates the antiviral effects of these inhibitors. These findings reveal new insights on HEV–host interactions and provide viable anti‐HEV targets for therapeutic development. —Qu, C. , Zhang, S. , Wang, W. , Li, M. , Wang, Y. , van der Heijde‐Mulder, M. , Shokrollahi, E. , Hakim, M. S. , Raat, N. J. H. , Peppelenbosch, M. P., Pan, Q. Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III sustains hepatitis E virus replication and represents an antiviral target. FASEB J. 33, 1008–1019 (2019). www.fasebj. org
Multisensory activation of ventral cochlear nucleus D‐stellate cells modulates dorsal cochlear nucleus principal cell spatial coding

Dorsal cochlear nucleus fusiform cells receive spectrally relevant auditory input for sound localization. Fusiform cells integrate auditory with other multisensory inputs. Here we elucidate how somatosensory and vestibular stimulation modify the fusiform cell spatial code through activation of an inhibitory interneuron: the ventral cochlear nucleus D‐stellate cell. These results suggests that multisensory cues interact early in an ascending sensory pathway to serve an essential function.
Relationship between corneal biomechanical properties among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria

Objective: In Nigeria, many pregnant women as well as health-care providers are unaware of the effect of pregnancy on the eye. The present study investigated the changes in central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal sensitivity (CS), and intraocular pressure (IOP) among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria and the relationship between them. Materials and Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was used. One hundred and thirty-four pregnant women attending the Obstetric Clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, were consecutively recruited in their second trimester for the study. Changes in CCT, CS, and IOP were monitored at the second and third trimesters and 6-week postpartum. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. The effect of duration of pregnancy on these variables was determined using simple linear regression and further analysis was done using Bonferroni's post hoc test. Results: The women were aged 18–48 years, with a mean age of 30.81(±5.49) years and majority of them (61.2%) were multigravida. The duration of pregnancy varied inversely and significantly with CS (P < 0.05) and IOP (P < 0.000) with the least values recorded in the third trimester, while it varied directly and also significantly with CCT (P < 0.000) with the highest value obtained in the third trimester. A negative correlation that was significant only in third trimester was found between CCT and IOP (P < 0.02) and CS (P < 0.03). Conclusion: There was a progressive increase in CCT with a corresponding decrease in CS and IOP across the trimesters of pregnancy, but these changes reversed 6-week postpartum.
Asynchronous Filtering of Nonlinear Markov Jump Systems With Randomly Occurred Quantization via T–S Fuzzy Models

This paper focuses on the dissipativity-based asynchronous filtering problem for a class of discrete-time Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy Markov jump systems subject to randomly occurred quantization. Considering the random fluctuations of network conditions, the randomly occurred quantization is introduced to describe the quantization phenomenon appearing in a probabilistic way. To take full advantage of the partial information of system modes for the desired system performance, we adopt the asynchronous filter in which mode transition matrix is nonhomogeneous. The mode-dependent time-varying delays are introduced, which have different bounds for different system modes. Via fuzzy-mode-dependent Lyapunov functional approach that can reduce conservatism, a sufficient condition on the existence of the asynchronous filter is derived such that the filtering error system is stochastically stable and strictly $(\mathcal{Q}, \mathcal{S},\mathcal{R})$ -dissipative. Then, the gains of the filter are obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). An example is utilized to illustrate the validity of the developed filter design technique where the relationships among optimal dissipative performance indices, delays, quantization parameter, and the degree of asynchronous jumps are given.
Relationship Between Patient Satisfaction and the Presence of Cats in Psychiatric Wards

The presence of animals in psychiatric clinics is thought to positively influence patients’ satisfaction. Whereas psychiatric clinics often house animals on their premises, (i.e., 60% in Germany) there are no studies on the effects of free unstructured contact between patients and these animals. We investigated the relationship between the presence of cats in psychiatric wards and patient satisfaction of patients with depression, substance abuse, or depression in stationary psychiatric treatment.
Geographic Distribution of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated from Clinical Specimens: A Systematic Review

Abstract Isolation frequency of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) differs per region. Differences in isolation frequency as well as frequencies in clinical relevance are relevant for daily clinical practice. We conducted a systematic review, searching PubMed to assess these differences. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the most frequently isolated species and the majority of MAC isolates are causative agents of clinically relevant disease, that is, the patient ultimately meets American Thoracic Society/Infectious Disease Society of America diagnostic criteria for NTM pulmonary disease. Differences in isolation frequency between MAC species are seen in different continents. Another species that shows a remarkable difference in isolation frequency is M. abscessus complex, which is common in Asia and Oceania, in contrast to Europe, North America, and South America. Furthermore, differences in isolation frequency are seen between different continents, and also between regions or cities. These differences might drive local epidemiology of NTM pulmonary disease, and knowledge of the local situation is thus essential for daily clinical practice. To be fully able to assess this problem, larger multicenter studies with uniform microbiological methods are needed.
Luting of inlays, onlays, and overlays with preheated restorative composite resin does not prevent seating accuracy.

PURPOSE To evaluate in vitro the vertical seating of computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite resin inlays, onlays, and overlays luted with two different composite resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty plastic typodont molars were prepared for medium-sized MOD inlays, anatomic onlays, and flat overlays (n = 20); 3-mm thick at the central groove with similar morphology (Cerec biogeneric copy). Restorations were milled using Lava Ultimate blocks, and included standardized hemispherical occlusal concavity for seating measurements with an electromechanic system (force = 30 N). Restorations were luted either with preheated composite resin (Filtek Z100) or dual-cure resin cement (RelyX Ultimate). Seating of restorations was first evaluated at try-in (baseline). Seating was reevaluated after airborne-particle abrasion (Step 1), after seating with luting agent (Step 2), and after light polymerization (Step 3). The Friedman test followed by the Wilcoxon post hoc test were used to compare the seating among steps, and the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney post hoc test were used to compare the seating between luting agents at P < 0.05. RESULTS Seating differences varied significantly from baseline (P < 0.0125). All restorations seated 3.85 µm (inlays) to 5.45 µm (onlays) deeper after airborne-particle abrasion (Step 1) (P < 0.007). Except for cement-luted inlays, the try-in position (±1 µm) was recovered following unpolymerized luting (Step 2). After polymerization (Step 3), onlays and overlays seated 2.9 to 3.9 µm deeper than during try-in (baseline) using Z100 (P < 0.005), and 7.0 to 7.3 µm deeper using RelyX (P = 0.005). Inlays luted with RelyX seated higher than during try-in (baseline), exactly 7.9 µm after Step 2 (P = 0.005), and 7.7 µm after Step 3 (P = 0.008). Luting with Z100 sustained the seating of inlays with no statistical difference when compared to baseline (P = 0.157). CONCLUSION Airborne-particle abrasion significantly deepens the seating of CAD/CAM composite resin restorations, but the presence of unpolymerized restorative composite resin luting agent perfectly compensates for this discrepancy. Following polymerization, onlays and overlays seat deeper compared to inlays, especially when using RelyX. The latter, however, resulted in a slightly higher seating of inlays. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE With the least variation compared to baseline seating (try-in), restorative composite resin used as luting agent resulted in the seating of CAD/CAM inlays, onlays, and overlays closer to baseline when compared to dual-cure resin cement.
Online Temporal Calibration for Monocular Visual-Inertial Systems

Accurate state estimation is a fundamental module for various intelligent applications, such as robot navigation, autonomous driving, virtual and augmented reality. Visual and inertial fusion is a popular technology for 6-DOF state estimation in recent years. Time instants at which different sensors' measurements are recorded are of crucial importance to the system's robustness and accuracy. In practice, timestamps of each sensor typically suffer from triggering and transmission delays, leading to temporal misalignment (time offsets) among different sensors. Such temporal offset dramatically influences the performance of sensor fusion. To this end, we propose an online approach for calibrating temporal offset between visual and inertial measurements. Our approach achieves temporal offset calibration by jointly optimizing time offset, camera and IMU states, as well as feature locations in a SLAM system. Furthermore, the approach is a general model, which can be easily employed in several feature-based optimization frameworks. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the high accuracy of our calibration approach even compared with other state-of-art offline tools. The VIO comparison against other methods proves that the online temporal calibration significantly benefits visual-inertial systems. The source code of temporal calibration is integrated into our public project, VINS-Mono11https://github.com/HKUST-Aerial-Robotics/VINS-Mono.