Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Fault Detection Scheme for Switched Systems With Noise Under Asynchronous Switching

The main focus of this paper is to analyze and design the fault detection (FD) system for asynchronous switching systems subject to Gaussian noise. To this end, the discrete-time switched systems under synchronous switching is established first, then Kalman filter-based fault detection system is derived for the matched switching system. Furthermore, χ2 test statistics is used to compute the threshold for FD purpose. The theoretical results are finally illustrated by a numerical example.
Performance of Localization Estimation Rate for Radar-Communication system

In this paper, considering mutual interference between radar and communication signals, the closed form performance bounds of radar-communication system are investigated. Firstly, we construct a localization estimation rate for radar application. Bounds on performance of radar-communication system are measured in terms of communication data rate for the communication and localization estimation rate for the radar. Then, we derive performance bounds of the three coexistence situations, which are divided according to the coexistence manners between radar communication band. To process the received radar-communication compound signal, we operate the successive interference cancellation (SIC) scheme. Finally, numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performances of the three coexistence situations.
A Personalized Model for Driver Lane-Changing Behavior Prediction Using Deep Neural Network

Lane changes are stressful maneuvers for drivers, particularly during high-speed traffic flows. Modeling driver’s lane-changing decision and implementation process is challenging due to the complexity and uncertainty of driving behaviors. To address this issue, this paper presents a personalized Model, LCPM, for Lane-Changing Behavior Prediction based on the Root Residual Network (Root-ResNet) backbone from vehicle dynamics data and driver physiological data. Firstly, with abundant inputs of Root-ResNet, LCPM is able to exploit more local information from two differing modality data. Secondly, LCPM has an ability of using global information to selectively emphasise informative features and suppress less useful ones with a special regularization method, Weighted Channel Dropout (WCD). The experimental results show that the LCPM is capable of learning the latent features of lane-changing behaviors and achieving significantly better performance than other popular networks on a real-world driving dataset.
Computing UDCHR Scheme for simulating underwater sediment movement using OpenMP

Parallel computing with OpenMP platform in numerical simulation of underwater sediment movement is elaborated. The result shown computer I with processor type Intel Core i7-7500U has better speedup performance ( 3.291493 times of serial computing) than Computer II with processor type AMD Ryzen 5 2400G. Meanwhile, using computer II, the speedup of parallel computing is obtained 3.751561 times of serial computing. Indeed this discrepancy occurs because of the processor type of Computer I is higher than Computer II. Moreover, the efficiency of Computer II is 11.5% lower than computer II which is conducted 91.1367% efficiency. This means using Computer II the ability of parallel codes to achieve best performance proportional to the number of processor is obtained. Furthermore, the numerical simulation using UDCHR is shown in a good agreement with the staggered grid scheme of two-layer SWE and SWE-Exner model.
Intelligent Monitoring and Controlling System for Hydroponics Precision Agriculture

Hydroponics agriculture comes up as a solution to limited agricultural land that can lead to a decline in agricultural production capacity. In Hydroponics agriculture, there is a challenge of precision agriculture, especially for some sensitive plants, e.g., bok choy and lettuce. These kinds of plants need a precise amount of nutrient and water every time to grow ideally. Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a technology that enables regular monitoring of every aspect of human life. It can be a solution to monitor the water and nutrition needs of the plants periodically. In this paper, we propose a monitoring and controlling system for hydroponics precision agriculture based on the IoT concept and Fuzzy logic. IoT is utilized to enable regular monitoring of plants nutrition and water needs, while fuzzy logic is used to control the supply of nutrition and water to the plants. The experiment result shows that the proposed system can produce better growth for lettuce and bok choy plants in terms of the size of leaves.
Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Detection in Instrumentation Radar Systems: a Deep Learning Approach

Transient broadband Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is a pervasive problem for measurement radars instrumenting outdoor test ranges. These noise signals manifest themselves unpredictably in measurement data and must be detected and removed to preserve overall data quality. Large data volumes make the manual identification of RFI intractable over the long term, but trained human experts can successfully identify RFI when the data is represented visually. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been used to some success in mimicking human visual inspection across a wide range of disciplines, and are recently applied to RFI detection in the closely related field of radio astronomy. We present a CNN architecture which is resistant to overfitting, trains quickly, and exhibits excellent performance in flagging RFI-contaminated data in a range instrumentation radar system (Receiver Operating Characteristics Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.998, Precision-Recall AUC = 0.998).
Rotational and varus–valgus laxity affects kinematics of the normal knee: A cadaveric study

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between soft tissue laxity and kinematics of the normal knee using a navigation system. Methods: Fifteen cadaveric knees from 11 fresh frozen whole-body specimens were included in this study. The navigation system automatically recorded the rotation angle of the tibia as the internal–external (IE) kinematics and the coronal alignment of the lower limb as the varus–valgus (VV) kinematics. These measurements were made with the joint in maximal extension, at 10° intervals from 0° to 120° of flexion, and at maximal flexion during passive knee motion. For evaluation of laxity, the examiner gently applied maximum manual IE and VV stress to the knee at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of flexion. Results: The measurements showed almost perfect reliability. The mean correlation coefficient between the intraoperative tibial rotation angle and the intermediate angle of IE laxity was 0.82, while that between the coronal alignment of the lower limb and the intermediate angle of the VV laxity was 0.96. There was a statistically significant correlation between kinematics and laxity at all degrees of knee flexion. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the rotation angle of the tibia was correlated to the intermediate angle of IE laxity at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion and the coronal alignment of the lower limb also correlated to the intermediate angle of VV laxity. These findings provide important reference data on soft tissue laxity and kinematics of the normal knee.
Standardization and validation of a panel of cross-species microsatellites to individually identify the Asiatic wild dog (Cuon alpinus)

Background The Asiatic wild dog or dhole (Cuon alpinus) is a highly elusive, monophyletic, forest dwelling, social canid distributed across south and Southeast Asia. Severe pressures from habitat loss, prey depletion, disease, human persecution and interspecific competition resulted in global population decline in dholes. Despite a declining population trend, detailed information on population size, ecology, demography and genetics is lacking. Generating reliable information and landscape level for dholes is challenging due to their secretive behaviour and monomorphic physical features. Recent advances in non-invasive DNA-based tools can be used to monitor populations and individuals across large landscapes. In this paper, we describe standardization and validation of faecal DNA-based methods for individual identification of dholes. We tested this method on field-collected dhole faeces in four tiger reserves of the central Indian landscape in the state of Maharashtra, India. Further, we conducted preliminary analyses of dhole population structure and demography in the study area. Results We tested a total of 18 cross-species markers and developed a panel of 12 markers for unambiguous individual identification of dholes. This marker panel identified 101 unique individuals from faecal samples collected across our pilot field study area. These loci showed varied level of amplification success (57-88%), polymorphism (3-9 alleles), heterozygosity (0.23-0.63) and produced a cumulative probability of identity (unbiased) and probability of identity (sibs) value of 4.7×10−10 and 1.5×10−4, respectively. Our preliminary analyses of population structure indicated four genetic subpopulations in dholes. Qualitative analyses of population demography show signal of population decline. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that the selected panel of 12 microsatellite loci can conclusively identify dholes from poor quality, non-invasive biological samples and help in exploring various population parameters. Our methods can be used to estimate dhole populations and assess population trends for this elusive, social carnivore.
[Non-transecting anastomotic urethroplasty].

The review analyzes the results of using non-transecting anastomotic urethroplasty in men with urethral strictures. Identified 14 original studies using this technique: 13 foreign and 1 Russian. In total, this technique was applied in 704 patients. This technique was used in 85% of cases with bulbar urethral stricture, in 15% - with posterior stricture.The average length of the urethral stricture in all studies was less than 2 cm, except for two works, where the average stricture length was 2.3 cm and 3.9 cm, respectively. This technique is equally successfully applied in all etiological variants of urethral stricture. The incidence of postoperative complications in all studies using non-transecting anastomotic urethroplastyaveraged 13.7%. Postoperative complications were mostly mild and corresponded to G1 according to Clavien-Dindo classification.According to 10 out of 14 studies that evaluated the effect of surgical treatment on the occurrence of erectile dysfunction (ED), the incidence of ED de novo was on average 13.4%. The success of treatment with the use of non-transecting anastomotic urethroplastyaveraged 95% (82-100%) with a median postoperative follow-up of 27 months (6-64 months). In 4 out of 14 studies, an additional comparison was transecting versus non-transecting techniques. Non-transecting technique was not inferior to transecting technique by any criterion, but, on the contrary, exceeded it in a number of indicators, including the dynamics of sexual function after surgery.On the basis of available studies on the use of non-transecting anastomotic urethroplasty, this technique should be recognized as a highly efficient and reasonably safe method for treating short urethral strictures and recommended for widespread clinical use.
Optimizing the growth of very-low-birth-weight infants requires targeting both nutritional and nonnutritional modifiable factors specific to stage of hospitalization.

BACKGROUND Data on how baseline characteristics, acuity, morbidity, and nutrition work in combination to affect the growth of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, <1500 g) infants are limited. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine factors associated with in-hospital weight, length, and head circumference (HC) trajectories of VLBW infants. METHODS VLBW infants (n = 316) from the GTA-DoMINO trial were included. Linear mixed-effects models assessed relations of baseline characteristics, acuity (at birth, across hospitalization), major morbidities, and nutrition (enteral feeding type, macronutrient/energy intakes) with changes in anthropometrics over hospitalization (days 1-8, 9-29, 30-75). RESULTS Specific factors and the strength of their associations with growth depended on in-hospital time interval. Small-for-gestational-age infants experienced weight gain (4.3 g · kg-1 · d-1; 95% CI: 2.0, 6.5 g · kg-1 · d-1) during days 1-8, versus weight loss (-4.6 g · kg-1 · d-1; 95% CI: -5.6, -3.7 g · kg-1 · d-1) among appropriate-for-gestational-age infants (P < 0.001). Positive-pressure ventilation (versus oxygen/room air) was associated with slower weight (-1.8 g · kg-1 · d-1) and HC (-0.25 cm/wk) gain during days 9-29 (P < 0.001). Morbidities were negatively associated with growth after days 1-8, with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) showing negative associations with weight (-2.7 g · kg-1 · d-1), length (-0.11 cm/wk), and HC (-0.21 cm/wk) gain during days 9-29 (P < 0.001). Macronutrient/energy intakes were associated with weight across hospitalization (P ≤ 0.01), with greater weight gain (1.3-3.0 g · kg-1 · d-1) among infants achieving macronutrient/energy recommendations during days 9-29 and 30-75. Macronutrient/energy intakes were associated with HC during the first month (P = 0.013-0.003), with greater HC gain (0.07-0.12 cm/wk) among infants achieving protein, lipid, and energy recommendations during days 9-29. CONCLUSIONS Baseline characteristics, acuity, morbidity, and nutrition factors were independently associated with VLBW infant growth. A focus on achieving macronutrient/energy recommendations and improving nutrient delivery to PDA-diagnosed infants may yield improvements to their growth. This trial was registered at www.isrctn. com as ISRCTN35317141.
MicroRNA-202 inhibits cell migration and invasion through targeting FGF2 and inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in endometrial carcinoma

Abstract Recently, many mircroRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the development and progression of cancer have been reported to regulate cell growth and metastasis, including microRNA-202 (miR-202). The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effect of miR-202 on endometrial carcinoma (EC) cell migration and invasion. First, qRT-PCR showed that miR-202 was down-regulated in EC tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis in EC patients. Functionally, transwell assay indicated that miR-202 inhibited cell migration and invasion in EC cells. In addition, miR-202 also blocked epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) through suppressing N-cadherin and Vimentin expressions and promoting E-cadherin expression. Moreover, the dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a direct target gene for miR-202 in EC cells. Furthermore, up-regulation of FGF2 attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-202 on cell migration and invasion in EC. Besides that, miR-202 inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling by suppressing β-catenin expression in EC. In conclusion, miR-202 inhibited cell migration and invasion by targeting FGF2 and inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in EC.
Demographical and clinical indices for long-term evolution of patients in vegetative or in minimally conscious state

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate the prognostic value of demographical, anamnestic, and clinical findings on long-term outcome (up to 36 months) in individuals with severe brain injury in vegetative state (VS) or in minimally conscious state (MCS). Participants. Patients (N = 216) in VS (N = 159) or in MCS (N = 57) consecutively admitted to a neurorehabilitation unit within 1–3 months after severe anoxic (n = 71), vascular (n = 96), or traumatic (n = 49) brain injury. Main outcome. Mortality and improvements in clinical diagnosis at 12, 24, and 36 months after brain injury. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to verify independent relationships of variables collected at study entry with outcome measures. Results. In patients in VS, at the 12-month follow-up, higher level of responsiveness assessed by the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) total scores at study entry predicted a higher likelihood of both survival and clinical improvement, whereas younger age predicted survival only. At 24 months, female sex and higher CRS-R total scores tended to be associated with clinical improvements. In patients in MCS, younger age and female predicted consciousness recovery at 12 months. Conclusions. Several patients’ features easy to collect in rehabilitation setting might help clinicians in prognostication of long-term mortality and clinical evolution of VS and MCS.
An FPGA-Based Neuro-Fuzzy Sensor for Personalized Driving Assistance

Advanced driving-assistance systems (ADAS) are intended to automatize driver tasks, as well as improve driving and vehicle safety. This work proposes an intelligent neuro-fuzzy sensor for driving style (DS) recognition, suitable for ADAS enhancement. The development of the driving style intelligent sensor uses naturalistic driving data from the SHRP2 study, which includes data from a CAN bus, inertial measurement unit, and front radar. The system has been successfully implemented using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device of the Xilinx Zynq programmable system-on-chip (PSoC). It can mimic the typical timing parameters of a group of drivers as well as tune these typical parameters to model individual DSs. The neuro-fuzzy intelligent sensor provides high-speed real-time active ADAS implementation and is able to personalize its behavior into safe margins without driver intervention. In particular, the personalization procedure of the time headway (THW) parameter for an ACC in steady car following was developed, achieving a performance of 0.53 microseconds. This performance fulfilled the requirements of cutting-edge active ADAS specifications.
Identifying the Factors Related to Depressive Symptoms Amongst Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

High-level depressive symptoms have been reported in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), resulting in increased risk of progression to dementia. However, studies investigating the correlates of depressive symptoms among this population are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the significant socio-demographic, lifestyle-related and disease-related correlates of depressive symptoms among this cohort. Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 154 Chinese community-dwelling older adults with MCI. MCI subjects were screened by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Possible correlates of depressive symptoms in individuals with MCI were explored by multiple linear regressions. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults with MCI was 31.8%. In multiple regression analysis, poor perceived positive social interaction, small social network, low level of physical activity, poor functional status, subjective memory complaint, and poor health perception were correlated with depressive symptoms. The findings highlight that depressive symptoms are sufficient to warrant evaluation and management in older adults with MCI. Addressing social isolation, assisting this vulnerable group in functional and physical activities, and cultivating a positive perception towards cognitive and physical health are highly prioritized treatment targets among individuals with MCI.
LC-ESI-QTOF/MS Characterisation of Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids in Polyphenol-Rich Fruits and Vegetables and Their Potential Antioxidant Activities

Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds found largely in fruits and vegetables. The antioxidant properties of these polyphenols including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging abilities and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured among sixteen (16) plant foods (mango, blueberry, strawberry, black carrot, raspberry, dark grapes, garlic, ginger, onion, cherry, plum, apple, papaya, peach, pear and apricot) by modifying, standardising and translating existing antioxidant methods using a 96-well plate reader. Eighteen targeted phenolic acids and flavonoids were characterised and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-photometric diode array (HPLC-PDA) and verified by modifying an existing method of liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray-ionisation triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS). While most of these compounds were accurately detected by the HPLC-PDA at a low concentration, a few polyphenols in low concentrations could be only be characterised using the LC-ESI-QTOF/MS method. Our results showed that mango possessed the highest overall antioxidant activity, phenolic acid and flavonoid content among the selected fruits. Factor analysis (FA) and Pearson’s correlation tests showed high correlations among ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and phenolic acids, implying the comparable capabilities of scavenging the DPPH/ABTS free radicals and reducing ferric ions from the antioxidant compounds in the samples. Phenolic acids contributed significantly to the antioxidant activities, and flavonoids contributed more to tannin content based on the correlations. Overall, methods modified and standardized in this study can provide better understanding of high throughput technologies and increase the reliability of antioxidant data of different plant foods.
Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus

Genetic recombination is often demonstrated in coronaviruses and can result in host range expansion or alteration in tissue tropism. Here, we showed interspecies events of recombination of an endemic dromedary camel coronavirus, HKU23, with other clade A betacoronaviruses. Our results supported the possibility that the zoonotic pathogen MERS-CoV, which also cocirculates in the same camel species, may have undergone similar recombination events facilitating its emergence or may do so in its future evolution. ABSTRACT Genetic recombination has frequently been observed in coronaviruses. Here, we sequenced multiple complete genomes of dromedary camel coronavirus HKU23 (DcCoV-HKU23) from Nigeria, Morocco, and Ethiopia and identified several genomic positions indicative of cross-species virus recombination events among other betacoronaviruses of the subgenus Embecovirus (clade A beta-CoVs). Recombinant fragments of a rabbit coronavirus (RbCoV-HKU14) were identified at the hemagglutinin esterase gene position. Homolog fragments of a rodent CoV were also observed at 8.9-kDa open reading frame 4a at the 3′ end of the spike gene. The patterns of recombination differed geographically across the African region, highlighting a mosaic structure of DcCoV-HKU23 genomes circulating in dromedaries. Our results highlighted active recombination of coronaviruses circulating in dromedaries and are also relevant to the emergence and evolution of other betacoronaviruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). IMPORTANCE Genetic recombination is often demonstrated in coronaviruses and can result in host range expansion or alteration in tissue tropism. Here, we showed interspecies events of recombination of an endemic dromedary camel coronavirus, HKU23, with other clade A betacoronaviruses. Our results supported the possibility that the zoonotic pathogen MERS-CoV, which also cocirculates in the same camel species, may have undergone similar recombination events facilitating its emergence or may do so in its future evolution.