Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexuality, health care and the older person: an overview of the literature.

Abstract. This paper reviews recent literature around sexuality, health care and the older person. The construction of sexuality and the importance of sexuality to older people are discussed, as is sexual diversity in old age, and sexuality and health. Also discussed are the myths and stereotypes associated with this topic, and the medical, social, healthcare, and institutional barriers to sexuality and sexual health in later life.
Presence of tumor cells in bone marrow but not in blood is associated with adverse prognosis in patients with Ewing's tumor. Société Française d'Oncologie Pédiatrique.

PURPOSE Gene fusions that result from the chromosome translocations observed in Ewing's tumor (ET) provide tumor-specific markers that can be used to detect the presence of tumor cells in peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM), and stem cell collection (SCC). These markers were used to evaluate, at diagnosis, a series of 67 ET patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS RNA was extracted from nucleated cells from PB and BM and a nested reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to search for EWS-FLI-1 or EWS-ERG fusion transcripts that resulted from the t(11;22) or t(21;22) translocations, respectively. RESULTS At diagnosis, 16 of 62 (26%) patients had circulating tumor cells. This was not correlated with any clinical parameter. In contrast, Ewing's cells were detected by RT-PCR in BM in 14 of 43 (33%) patients and were associated with the presence of clinically detectable metastases and a statistically significant unfavorable outcome in univariate analysis. There was no correlation between the RT-PCR results in PB and in BM. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the monitoring of BM but not of PB by RT-PCR might constitute an important criterion for the staging, at diagnosis, of patients with ET. Further studies should appreciate the relationship or independence of this marker toward other classical prognostic factors in ET, particularly to the presence of clinically detectable metastases.
Effects of ball recovery on top-level soccer attacking patterns of play Repercussões da recuperação da posse de bola nos padrões de ataque de futebol de elite

In soccer, ball recovery is the purpose of the defensive phase and it is also the first stage of the attack. Identifying how and where the ball is regained in elite competitions, taking in consideration the competition stage, is central to an understanding of the attacking patterns and of the diachronic order of events, and such knowledge can be used to develop specific drills in training. This study aims to characterize ball recovery patterns while taking into account the pitch zone(s) and the competition stage, and to investigate the influence of each type of ball recovery on the subsequent patterns of attacking play in matches played by the World Cup 2010 semi-finalists. Observational methodology and lag sequential analysis were applied, with the use of SoccerEye observational instrument, SoccerEye recording software and SDIS-GSEQ analytic software. Twenty-four matches were recorded from public TV broadcasts, yielding 1,619 attacks. Direct ball recovery was the most common form, with a tackle and defensive behaviour followed by a pass in the central mid-defensive zone resulting in goal attempts. Interceptions occurred mainly in the central mid-offensive zone inducing unsuccessful attacking patterns of play, while interventions by goalkeepers were most likely to occur in the central defensive zone with no significant associations with any ending of attack behaviours. Patterns of attacking play depend on the form of ball recovery. The pitch space and the form of ball recovery are similar when we compare both stages of the World Cup 2010.
Individual Differences in Reading Subprocesses: Relationships Between Reading Ability, Lexical Access, and Eye Movement Control

This study examines the relationship between individual reading subprocesses and general reading ability in college students. The reading measures included eye movements while reading a passage, lexical decision latencies, comprehension, and vocabulary size. The results indicate that a distinct relation exists between reading speed and fixation behaviour associated with regressions through a text. About half the variability in comprehension scores can be predicted by subjects' performance on nonword lexical decisions, gaze durations, and vocabulary scores. These findings are discussed with reference to past studies using similar reading measures.
Serious, therefore organised? A critique of the emerging “cyber-organised crime” rhetoric in the United Kingdom

This article, based on discourse analysis of policy documents, departs from a critique of the juxtaposition of the terms “serious” and “organised” in policies against organised crime in the UK. The conceptualisation of organised crime as national security threat supports our hypothesis that a similar critique can be applied to the emerging narrative of cyber-organised crime in the country. We argue that, whereby organised crime has become essentially “serious” as consequence of its characterisation as a national security threat, cybercrime is becoming “organised” in the policy narrative because of its seriousness. The seriousness and organisation of cybercrime justifies its inclusion within the national security agenda, thus accessing the procedural benefits of criminal intelligence assigned to national security threats. The implications associated to the evolution of such narratives in policy-making need to be assessed while policies are still developing.
Plantar Cutaneous Sensitivity With and Without Cognitive Loading in People With Chronic Ankle Instability, Copers, and Uninjured Controls.

STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. BACKGROUND Deficits in light touch have recently been identified on the plantar surface of the foot in those with chronic ankle instability (CAI) but not in uninjured controls. It is unknown whether copers display similar deficits. Similarly, cognitive loading has been shown to impact postural control in different populations, but it is unclear how it may impact sensory perception. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the difference in cutaneous sensation thresholds at rest and under cognitive loading, using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments (SWMs), among uninjured controls, copers, and those with CAI. METHODS A total of 45 participants (mean ± SD age, 20.2 ± 2.8 years; height, 167.6 ± 9.9 cm; mass, 66.3 ± 14.7 kg) were recruited and categorized to a CAI, coper, or control group, based on Ankle Instability Instrument scores. Participants were assessed with SWMs for cutaneous thresholds using a 4-2-1 stepping algorithm at the head of the first metatarsal, base of the fifth metatarsal, calcaneus, and sinus tarsi. Each participant was then retested while generating random digits to the beat of a metronome in order to simulate cognitive loading. RESULTS Participants with CAI displayed significantly higher SWM thresholds at the head of the first metatarsal, base of the fifth metatarsal, and sinus tarsi than those of the control participants, and significantly higher thresholds at the base of the fifth metatarsal and calcaneus than those of copers (all, P<.05). Copers showed higher thresholds than those of controls at the sinus tarsi only (P<.05). A main effect of cognitive loading was identified at all 4 sites (P<.05). CONCLUSION People with CAI have deficits in plantar sensation relative to controls and copers. Cognitive loading increases plantar cutaneous sensation thresholds irrespective of CAI status.
Inference on germline BAP1 mutations and asbestos exposure from the analysis of familial and sporadic mesothelioma in a high‐risk area

Inherited loss‐of‐function mutations in the BAP1 oncosuppressor gene are responsible for an inherited syndrome with predisposition to malignant mesothelioma (MM), uveal and keratinocytic melanoma, and other malignancies. Germline mutations that were inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion were identified in nine families with multiplex MM cases and 25 families with multiple melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and other tumors. Germline mutations were also identified in sporadic MM cases, suggesting that germline mutations in BAP1 occur frequently. In this article, we report the analysis of BAP1 in five multiplex MM families and in 103 sporadic cases of MM. One family carried a new truncating germline mutation. Using immunohistochemistry, we show that BAP1 is not expressed in tumor tissue, which is in accordance with Knudson's two hits hypothesis. Interestingly, whereas the three individuals who were possibly exposed to asbestos developed MM, the individual who was not exposed developed a different tumor type, that is, mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This finding suggests that the type of carcinogen exposure may be important for the cancer type that is developed by mutation carriers. On the contrary, the other families or the 103 sporadic patients did not show germline mutations in BAP1. Our data show that BAP1 mutations are very rare in patients with sporadic MM, and we report a new BAP1 mutation, extend the cancer types associated with these mutations, and suggest the existence of other yet unknown genes in the pathogenesis of familial MM. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The recognition of car license plate for automatic parking system

The recognition of a car's license plate for an automatic parking system is important for identifying the car at the entrance of the parking area because the car license plate has unique information for each car. This paper proposes the recognition of car license plate which is accurate and robust to environmental variation by using the car's license plate patterns according to motor vehicle regulation and a 4-layer BP neural network with supervised learning. In this method, the candidates regions of the car license plate are determined approximately according to the car license plate regulation such as color, the ratio and shape of the car license plate, the pattern of characters and numbers etc. For the results of recognition by neural networks, the candidate that has characters and numbers according to motor vehicle regulation is certified as license-plate region. Since the results of characters-pattern recognition are used to certify the license plate, the ability of license plate extraction is more accurate and the car can be identified simultaneously. The experimental results of seventy car images with the prototype of the automatic parking system show the performance of car license plate extraction rate of 96%, and the recognition rate is 92%.
Timing of Blood Pressure Measurement Related to Caffeine Consumption

Objective: To determine whether patients should wait 30 minutes after caffeine consumption to have their blood pressure measured. Data Sources: Literature was obtained by searching MEDLINE (1980–September 2007), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1980–September 2007), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1994–September 2007). Search terms included caffeine and blood pressure. Literature was also obtained from citations in relevant articles. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles that examined caffeine's acute effect on blood pressure were reviewed, with additional focus on caffeine tolerance and hypertensive status. Data Synthesis: Caffeine appears to affect blood pressure through adenosine receptor inhibition and an increased release of select neurotransmitters. Caffeine levels peak 30–120 minutes after oral intake and caffeine's half-life is 3–6 hours. The effect of caffeine on blood pressure has been examined for decades, with variable results depending on factors such as population examined (eg, hypertensive status, physical stressors, age) and study design (eg, acute effects, chronic ingestion, retrospective epidemiologic review). Caffeine tolerance diminishes the acute effect of caffeine on blood pressure, and hypertensive individuals are more susceptible to blood pressure changes. Reviews of caffeine's acute effect on blood pressure indicate changes of 3–15 mm Hg systolic and 4–13 mm Hg diastolic. Typically, blood pressure changes occur within 30 minutes, peak in 1–2 hours, and may persist for more than 4 hours. Conclusions: Having a patient abstain from caffeine for 30 minutes prior to blood pressure monitoring is not adequate to avoid caffeine's potential effects. An alternative approach to blood pressure monitoring would be to ask the patient about recent caffeine consumption and interpret the blood pressure reading based on this information. In addition, healthcare practitioners should provide education regarding caffeine's effects.
Histological Studies of the Visual System in Monkeys with Experimental Amblyopia

Amblyopia can be produced in rhesus monkeys by suturing the lids of one eye (visual deprivation amblyopia) or by producing artificial esotropia (strabismic amblyopia) during visual immaturity. Sections from retinas, lateral geniculate nuclei (LGN), and areas 17 and 18 of the visual cortex from monkeys with behaviorally proved amblyopia and cortical neurophysiologic changes were examined histologically and compared with normal tissue. Other than significant reduction in cell section areas in all layers of the LGN that received input from the deprived or esotropic eye, we were unable to demonstrate anomalies elsewhere in the visual system. In spite of the difference in pathogenesis of visual deprivation and strabismic amblyopia, the similarity of findings in the LGN of monkeys with both types of amblyopia suggests a common mechanism. Since dissimilarity of visual input from the two eyes caused by unilateral lid suture has been shown to affect geniculate cell size in visually immature kittens, we surmise that binocular competition at the geniculate or cortical level is operative in both unilateral lid closure and strabismus and causes similar changes in the primate visual system.
Tzanakis score vs. Alvarado score in acute appendicitis.

INTRODUCTION Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention reduces mortality and morbidity. This study compared the efficacy of Tzanakis and Alvarado score in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. METHODS A prospective, non randomized study was conducted in 100 consecutive patients who had undergone emergency appendectomy from May 2008 to October 2008. Tzanakis and Alvarado scores were obtained at the time of admission. Final diagnosis of acute appendicitis was based on histological findings. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy of Tzanakis score was 91.48% and 66.66% and 90% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy of Alvarado score was 81.91% and 66.66% and 81% respectively. Negative appendectomy rate was 6%. CONCLUSIONS Tzanakis score is an effective modality to establish the accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
Allotype imbalance or microsatellite mutation in low‐grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities in adults

The ability to repair DNA double‐strand breaks is essential to maintain chromosomal stability. Virtually all soft tissue sarcomas contain chromosomal instabilities, including clonal aberrations and cytogenetic aberrations. However, the relevance of DNA‐dependent protein kinase (DNA‐PK) in the pathogenesis of soft tissue sarcoma has not been clarified. The main aim of this work is to compare the prognostic impact of genotypic imbalance in low‐grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities, and to correlate this with the translational level of DNA‐PK. This study investigated 28 adult low‐grade malignant spindle cell tumours of the extremities, predominantly fibrosarcomas, for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite mutation on flanking regions of each DNA‐PK subunit, with identical immunophenotypes. Twelve different polymorphic markers flanking the specific loci of three subunits comprise the genetic map of DNA‐PK, at 22q13, 2q35, and 8q11. Translational activity was also analysed by western blot and conventional immunohistochemistry. The overall sarcoma 5‐year survival rate was 61.7%. LOH was identified in the specific coding region of DNA‐PK in 39.29% for the DNA‐PK catalytic subunit (cs), 17.86% for Ku70, and only 7.14% for Ku80. A positive LOH for DNA‐PKcs was shown to be a significant factor for poor survival (log rank test p = 0.0160). Immunoreactivity and immunoblot results correlated with the loss of DNA‐PKcs allotype in soft tissue sarcoma (Fisher's exact test p = 0.0037). Ku70 and DNA‐PKcs were almost identical in terms of immunoreactivity. In conclusion, whereas microsatellite mutation seems an uncommon event during the evolution of low‐grade fibrosarcoma of the extremities in adults, the loss of DNA‐PKcs defines a biologically more aggressive subset. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How a Tolerant Past Affects the Present

Three studies, conducted in the Netherlands, examined the relationship between a tolerant representation of national history and the acceptance of Muslim expressive rights. Following self-categorization theory, it was hypothesized that historical tolerance would be associated with greater acceptance of Muslim expressive rights, especially for natives who strongly identify with their national in-group. Furthermore, it was predicted that the positive effect of representations of historical tolerance on higher identifiers’ acceptance could be explained by reduced perceptions of identity incompatibility. The results of Study 1 confirmed the first hypothesis, and the results of Study 2 and Study 3 supported the second hypothesis. These findings underline the importance of historical representations of the nation for understanding current reactions toward immigrants. Importantly, the results show that a tolerant representation of national history can elevate acceptance of immigrants, especially among natives who feel a relatively strong sense of belonging to their nation.
Effect of five postemergence herbicides on red clover shoot and root growth in greenhouse studies

MCPA, 2,4-DB, flumetsulam, bentazon, haloxyfop-methyl, flumetsulam/2,4-DB and bentazon/MCPA were studied in greenhouse experiments in order to evaluate their primary effects on red clover (Trifolium pratense) growth and root injury. The influence of these herbicides on root length, plant height, crown diameter, shoot and root dry weights, shoot phytotoxicity and root injury were studied at two application rates. Variable responses in the growth parameters were observed throughout the experimental period. Herbicides did not affect root length. By the end of experiment, plant height was increased by all herbicides except MCPA and bentazon/MCPA. Crown diameter was increased only with MCPA and 2,4-DB, whereas it was not affected by the other herbicides. Bentazon reduced root dry weight while the other herbicides had no effect. In general, MCPA, bentazon, and bentazon/MCPA reduced shoot dry weight. Although all herbicides caused early foliar damage, the plants recovered by the end of expe-riment comparable to the control plants. Bentazon and bentazon/MCPA produced the greatest shoot damage. Roots were injured from all herbicides, yet they usually recovered over time. However, bentazon/MCPA induced more severe root injury, up to 17% of the plants, causing seedlings died. These results suggest that some herbicides used to protect red clover against weeds may also affect red clover development, increasing its vulnerability to disease.
Plastic optical fiber lasers and amplifiers containing lanthanide complexes.

Organic dye-doped polymers have been widely investigated as gain media in solid-state dye lasers. Dye molecules which have large absorption and induced emission cross sections due to allowed π-π transitions are ideal active dopants for the generation and amplification of intense light pulses. However, continuous wave operation is not feasible with organic dyes because of the triplet losses. On the other hand, lanthanide ions that have long metastable state lifetimes are widely used in silica glass-based fiber amplifiers and for both continuous and pulsed lasers. It has been more than 30 years since the first lanthanide lasers were reported.1-3 During this period a wide variety of lanthanide lasers and amplifiers have been investigated, and extensive progress has been made by many researchers. Many reviews have been written concentrating primarily on the physical and chemical properties of lanthanides in many matrices for laser action.4-8 Recently, several books have focused on lanthanide-doped fiber amplifiers for optical communications.9-11 The success of lanthanide-doped fiber amplifiers has inspired thousands of publications and continues to motivate research on the many diverse components that are required in these systems. Optical links are now used primarily in applications such as telecommunications with single-mode silica optical fibers, which have the ability to provide high-bandwidth and long-distance communications. However, as the demand for bandwidth increases in the office and home, it has become increasingly important to develop very low cost optical links that can be readily installed by users. Plastic optical fibers (POF) have received increasing attention because of their clear technical advantages over glass fibers, such as flexibility and a large core diameter, which enables efficient connection and coupling resulting in a low-cost system for a local area network. Recently a low-loss (100 db/km), highbandwidth 5.12 GHz for 100 m transmission graded index plastic optical fiber (GI-POF) has been developed.12 Also, an all fluorinated POF, whose low loss region is extended to the visible and near-infrared, has been successfully prepared.13 Plastic optical fiber amplifiers (POFA) that generate signal light in the visible and near-infrared are potentially important because of their adaptability for POF-based short span optical local distribution networks. This review describes recent progress on plastic optical fiber lasers and amplifiers with lanthanides. We focus especially on the design and selection of plastic optical fiber and chelate materials.