Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RACK 1 is necessary for the formation of point contacts and regulates axon growth Running Title : RACK 1 in growth cones

Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is a multi-functional ribosomal scaffolding protein that can interact with multiple signaling molecules concurrently through its seven WD40 repeats. We recently found that RACK1 is localized to mammalian growth cones, prompting an investigation into its role during neural development. Here we show for the first time that RACK1 localizes to point contacts within mouse cortical growth cones. Point contacts are adhesion sites that link the actin network within growth cones to the extracellular matrix, and are necessary for appropriate axon guidance. Our experiments show that RACK1 is necessary for point contact formation. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) stimulates an increase in point contact density, which was eliminated by RACK1 shRNA or overexpression of a non-phosphorylatable mutant form of RACK1. We also found that axonal growth requires both RACK1 expression and phosphorylation. We have previously shown that the local translation of β-actin mRNA within growth cones is necessary for appropriate axon guidance and is dependent on RACK1. Thus, we examined the location of members of the local translation complex relative to point contacts. Indeed, both β-actin mRNA and RACK1 colocalize with point contacts, and this colocalization increases following BDNF stimulation. This implies the novel finding that local translation is regulated at point contacts. Taken together, these data suggest that point contacts are a targeted site of local translation within growth cones, and RACK1 is a critical member of the point contact complex and necessary for appropriate neural development.
Tufts University From the SelectedWorks of Ujjayant Chakravorty 2011 Would Hotelling kill the electric car ?

In this paper, we show that the potential for endogenous technological change in alternative energy sources may alter the behaviour of resource-owning firms. When technological progress in an alternative energy source can occur through learning-by-doing, resource owners face competing incentives to extract rents from the resource and to prevent expansion of the new technology. We show that in such a context, it is not necessarily the case that scarcity-driven higher traditional energy prices over time will induce alternative energy supply as resources are exhausted. Rather, we show that as we increase the learning potential in the substitute technology, lower equilibrium energy prices prevail and there may be increased resource extraction and greenhouse gas emissions. We show that the effectiveness and the incidence of emissions reduction policies may be altered by increased potential for technological change. Our results suggest that treating finite resource rents as endogenous consequences of both technological progress and policy changes will be important for the accurate assessment of climate change policy. & 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Temperature distribution in a vertical cooling crystalliser.

Horizontal temperature traverses were taken in Victoria Mill’s vertical cooling crystalliser to test new and previously published computational fluid dynamics models. In addition to runs carried out under normal operating conditions, an experiment was performed to assess the effect of ceasing the stirring. The resulting temperature profiles presented in this paper confirm many, but not all, of the CFD predictions. The contradictions prompted a reappraisal of the role of stirring, in particular. Based on CFD, factory measurements, and analysis, a comprehensive picture of the mechanisms controlling the temperature distribution in a vertical crystalliser is derived and presented.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PLASMA LEVELS OF INTERFERON AND VIRAL LOAD IN PATIENTS WITH HIV STAGE 1

The incidence of HIV in Indonesia is on the increase and in Asia, Indonesia is considered as the most rapid. One of the diagnostictools for diagnosing HIV is viral load. Lymphocyte T-CD8 + secreted IFN- will inhibit replication of HIV virus through induction ofantiviral protein and host immune response which kills infected cells. Examination of IFN- plasma and viral load will be moreconfincing for the treatment and/or to knowing the progressiveness of HIV & AIDS. The aim of the study is to know the correlationbetween IFN- plasma and viral load in stage 1 HIV patients. Forty two samples from HIV patients were collected at theIntermediate Care and Infectious Disease Unit, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from April to June 2011. The concentration of IFN- plasma was measured by ELISA (eBioscence) method and amount of viral load was measured using PCR Cobas Amplicor (RocheDiagnostics). The level of IFN- plasma was 11.4 pg/ml to 576 pg/ml and the level of viral load was 589 copies/ml to 510,000copies/ml. The statistical analysis showed no significant correlation (p>0.05) between IFN- plasma level and viral load in stage 1HIV patients. No correlation was found between IFN- plasma and viral load in stage 1HIV patients. (FMI 2014;50 67-72)
Well-Calibrated Bayesian Neural Networks On the empirical assessment of calibration and construction of well-calibrated Neural Networks

A well-calibrated model guarantees that predicted probabilities closely match observed frequencies. This report uses the calibration framework to assess the quality of uncertainty estimates in Bayesian Neural Networks. Exact Bayesian Inference is intractable for these models. Therefore, Variational Inference and MCMC methods are considered as approximate inference methods. We find that these methods only yield well-calibrated models when the hyper-parameters are explicitly optimised for a calibration test rather than test accuracy. Furthermore, this report introduces two novel algorithms for performingDropout Variational Inference with a well-defined Evidence Lower Bound and a new stochastic acceptance test with adjustable bias/efficiency tradeoff. We further observe that using Bayesian compression methods during training improves calibration as well as test accuracy.
Prediction of Potato Yield Based on Energy Inputs using Artificial Neural Networks and C-sharp under Saudi Arabia Conditions

2, mean absolute error and mean relative error were computed as 0.704, 2.36 ton/ha and 5.59%, respectively in testing stage. Moreover, contribution analysis was applied after training process of the ANN model. The results disclosed the water irrigation energy which had the highest contribution (24.75%) to potato yield among all inputs (machinery energy, diesel fuel energy, labor energy, chemicals energy and seeds energy). The developed C-sharp interactive application was tested and it can estimate potato yield. Soil and agronomy researchers, framers and agricultural engineers can use the developed C-sharp interactive application to explore the input variables that have more potential to increase potato yield on a farm. It is user-friendly and could be run on Windows desktop without C-sharp environment.
An Atlantic blanket bog is a modest CO2 sink

Northern peatlands contain 1/3 of the world's soil carbon pool. Blanket bogs are peatlands that occur in maritime regions where precipitation is much greater than evapotranspiration. The role of blanket bogs in C dynamics has not been quantified. We describe an investigation of CO2 fluxes using an eddy covariance (EC) system in a pristine Atlantic blanket bog in Ireland during 2003 and 2004. This is the first multiyear study using EC techniques in a blanket bog. We found that the bog ecosystem was a CO2 sink for five months in each year. The annual CO2 flux had a sink magnitude of −49 (2003) and −61 g C m−2 (2004). These magnitudes are similar to boreal raised bogs, while higher values have been reported for boreal fens and lower for subarctic fens.
Influence of Industrial Heat Treatments on the Precipitation Kinetics of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr Alloy

The impact of different industrial heat treatments on the precipitation kinetics and phase transformation of an Al-Li alloy is studied. AA2195 (Al -1.69 at.% Cu-3.87 at.% Li-0.39 at.% Mg-0.06 at.% Ag-0.04 at.% Zr), a commonly used aluminum alloy, was selected as a model system in this study. Evaluation of the microstructure is performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field ion microscopy (FIM).
Electrolytic Recovery of High Purity Zr from Radioactively Contaminated Zr Alloys in Chloride Salts

It has been believed that high purity Zr metal is hard to be prepared from Zr alloys in LiCl-KCl salts since Zr has various redox reactions in LiCl-KCl including insoluble ZrCl formation and disproportionate reaction between Zr and Zr 4+ . We examined electrolytic Zr recovery from Zircaloy-4 by controlling anodic potential at five concentrations of ZrCl4 in LiCl-KCl salts. Anode potential of 0.9 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) was applied to prevent the elements except Zr being dissolved from the anode into the electrolyte. Experimental results showed Zr with purity of over 99.9% was recovered and all alloying elements were analyzed below their detection limit in ICP-MS. In addition, at low ZrCl4 concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 wt. %, the chemical form of the cathode deposits was Zr metal without ZrCl while only ZrCl without Zr metal was recovered at the high ZrCl4 concentration, 2.0 and 4.0 wt. %. At the ZrCl4 concentration of 1.0 wt. %, both Zr metal and ZrCl were recovered. Therefore, preparation of high purity Zr metal from Zr alloys is feasible in LiCl-KCl at low concentration of ZrCl4.
Connexins and gap junctions in brain glial cells: General overview

A review dedicated solely to the topic of whether inflammation might affect cell–cell communication between glia facilitated by gap junctions was first published in 2004 (Kielian and Esen 2004). At the time, only a handful of reports had described the actions of select proinflammatory cytokines on glial gap junction communication (GJC). However, within the past several years, the number of publications reporting effects of cytokines and pathogenic stimuli on glial GJC has increased dramatically. Therefore, this review serves as an update to discuss these new findings and their potential involvement in the context of neuroinflammatory diseases of the CNS. To limit the scope of this review, only the effects of inflammation on GJC and connexin (Cx) hemichannels in glia and alterations in CNS inflammatory diseases will be discussed. The reader is referred to other comprehensive reviews pertaining to the roles of GJC on other aspects of CNS homeostasis and pathology (Giaume and McCarthy 1996; Rozental et al. 2000a,b; Rouach et al. 2002b; Theis et al. 2005).
Acoustic Wave Velocity Measurements of Oceanic Crustal SamplesDSDP Leg 45

The primary objective of Leg 45 was to drill as deep a hole as possible into the oceanic crust. The prime site was selected in ocean crust 7 m.y. old, defined by magnetic anomaly 4 west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 23°N. Two holes were drilled at this site: a singlebit pilot hole, which penetrated 95 meters into oceanic crust, and a multiple re-entry hole, which penetrated 576 meters. A second site was occupied east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge axis on magnetic anomaly 5 (10 m.y.B.P.). The hole drilled was a single-bit pilot hole, which penetrated 96 meters into oceanic crust. Criteria for the drilling sites were that the holes be drilled in "normal" ocean crust, away from any fracture zone topography, and on a clearly delineated magnetic anomaly. Among the numerous on-board measurements performed on the retrieved core was compressional wave sound speed in selected samples, determined at 1 atm on wet (as-retrieved) samples, using the Hamilton Frame method (Boyce, 1973). This technique had been calibrated in our laboratory. The density of these samples was also determined. (See site descriptions, this volume.) At the same time, other samples were obtained from the retrieved cores for measurements in our on-shore laboratory. The primary purpose of this chapter is to report the results of these measurements and to compare them with those obtained from samples measured aboard D/V Glomar Challenger. A preliminary interpretation of the implications of these measurements with respect to the structure of layer 2 in the Atlantic Ocean is also included.
Algorithm for ACL Tears in Skeletally Immature Children : A Prospective MRI Study Prevalence and Incidence of New Meniscus and Cartilage Injuries After a Nonoperative Treatment

http://ajs.sagepub. com/content/41/8/1771 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546513491092 2013 41: 1771 originally published online June 14, 2013 Am J Sports Med Håvard Moksnes, Lars Engebretsen and May Arna Risberg Algorithm for ACL Tears in Skeletally Immature Children: A Prospective MRI Study Prevalence and Incidence of New Meniscus and Cartilage Injuries After a Nonoperative Treatment
Development of e-Learning Microsoft Sway as Innovation of Local Culture-Based Learning Media

The research aims to know the produce e-learning Microsoft sway based on the local culture and the effectiveness of the implementation of media in accounting and economics learning at Universitas PGRI Madiun. This research was conducted in Accounting Education Study Program and Economic Education Study Program of Universitas PGRI Madiun, uses research and development method. It was started by preliminary study, then continued with media development stage. The media developed was tested in the two study programs. The trial test result was analyzed, then based on the analysis result, the media and instrument were improved. Media that has been improved to be final media then re-implemented in learning in the two study programs. The results of research show that the development of e-learning microsoft sway based on local culture and the effectiveness of media implementation in economic and accounting learning at Universitas PGRI Madiun run smoothly and effectively, and give positive impact on learning process.
Cardiac and Noncardiac Surgery Management of Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Requiring

Cardiac and Noncardiac Surgery Management of Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Requiring Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113. 003675 2013;128:2785-2798 Circulation. http://circ.ahajournals. org/content/128/25/2785 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the
Single-island home range use by four female Peary caribou, Bathurst Island, Canadian High Arctic, 1993-94

Spatial and temporal use of seasonal, and collectively, annual ranges by four female Peary caribou (Rangifer taran-dus pearyi) was investigated using satellite telemetry. Knowledge of how caribou use space allows a better understanding of their demands on those ranges and enhances evaluation of associated environmental stressors. The study took place during an environmentally favorable caribou-year with high reproduction and calf survival and low (none detected) 1+ yr-old mortality, 1 August 1993 to 31 July 1994, Bathurst Island, south-central Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canadian High Arctic. All four females exhibited a pattern of single-island seasonal, and collectively, annual range use. Estimates of the maximum area encompassed by each individual during the course of the annual-cycle varied from 1735 to 2844 km2 (mean±SE = 2284±250 km2). Although, there was 46% spatial overlap among individual ranges, temporal isolation resulted in the four individuals maintaining seasonal ranges distinctly separate from each other. This collective area encompassed 4970 km2 and equaled about 31% and 18% of Bathurst Island and the Bathurst Island complex, respectively. Individual wintering areas formed a relatively small portion of each individual's annual range (mean±SE=71±17 km2): 24 km2, 158 days of occupation, <1% of the annual area; 70 km2, 187 days, 4%; 95 km2, 200 days, 4%; and 94 km2, 172 days, 6%. Seasonal movements were greatest during pre-rut and pre-calving.
Studies on serum macro and micro minerals status in repeat breeder and normal cyclic Nili-Ravi buffaloes and their treatment strategies

The present study was carried out with the objective to know the calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in serum of repeat breeder and normal cyclic buffaloes during oestrus. On the day of estrus, blood samples were collected from 35 buffaloes with a history of repeat breeding (RB) and 35 normal cycling (NC) buffaloes for mineral estimation. In the second part of the study, 35 repeat breeder (RBS) buffaloes were treated with a mineral mixture given orally for 10 days at the dosage rate of 150 g per day whereas other 35 repeat breeder buffaloes were given no mineral mixture (RBC). The overall pregnancy rate as well as 1st, 2nd and 3rd service pregnancy rate was calculated. The serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron and zinc concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in RB buffaloes as compared to NC buffaloes. Sodium concentrations differed non-significantly between repeat breeder and normal cyclic buffaloes. Repeat breeder buffaloes (RBS) when fed orally 150 g per day of the mineral mixture for 10 days, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd service pregnancy rates were 42, 25 and 20%, while, overall pregnancy rate in these animals was 87%; whereas in repeat breeder control buffaloes, the overall pregnancy rate was 21%. In conclusion, the concentrations of macro and micro minerals were significantly lower in repeat breeder buffaloes and mineral mixtures should be added in the food stuff to improve reproductive efficiency of repeat breeder buffaloes. Keywords: Buffalo, repeat breeder, minerals, pregnancy rate African Journal of Biotechnology , Vol. 13(10), pp. 1143-1146, 5 March, 2014
Apoptotic and antiapoptotic signaling pathways are acti- vated after cerebral HI, and a shift in the balance between apoptotic and antiapoptotic cellular factors determines cells

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonates is a major cause of life-long neurological morbidity with high societal cost. The mechanism(s) involved in this pathology remain poorly understood. Neuropathology of brain injury after hypoxiaischemia (HI) includes focal ischemic infarction, selective neuronal necrosis and apoptosis (Hagberg et al. 2002; Vannucci and Hagberg 2004). The intrinsic cellular suicide program apoptosis although is unique for normal CNS development; it also contributes to the pathology of neurodegenerative disorders associated with stroke and HI (Rami et al. 2003; Saito et al. 2004). It is known that caspases are the key regulators of apoptosis (Cohen 1997), and caspasedependent apoptotic cell death is particularly prominent in the developing brain (Cheng et al. 1998; Renolleau et al. 1998; MacManus and Buchan 2000; Nakajima et al. 2000). One major apoptosis-signaling pathway leading to caspase activation is the intrinsic/mitochondrial pathway, which is induced by diverse intracellular death stimuli (Chen et al. 1998; MacManus and Buchan 2000; Rami et al. 2003). Thus, rescuing cells from hypoxic-ischemic brain injury will likely require effective inhibition of death effector pathways and their downstream targets and/or induction of their inhibitory/regulatory proteins such as inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins. Apoptotic and antiapoptotic signaling pathways are activated after cerebral HI, and a shift in the balance between apoptotic and antiapoptotic cellular factors determines cells
Dynamical ionization bounds for atoms

We study the long-time behavior of the 3-dimensional repulsive nonlinear Hartree equation with an external attractive Coulomb potential $-Z/|x|$, which is a nonlinear model for the quantum dynamics of an atom. We show that, after a sufficiently long time, the average number of electrons in any finite ball is always smaller than 4Z (respectively 2Z in the radial case). This is a time-dependent generalization of a celebrated result by E.H. Lieb on the maximum negative ionization of atoms in the stationary case. Our proof involves a novel positive commutator argument (based on the cubic weight $|x|^3$) and our findings are reminiscent of the RAGE theorem. In addition, we prove a similar universal bound on the local kinetic energy. In particular, our main result means that, in a weak sense, any solution is attracted to a bounded set in the energy space, whatever the size of the initial datum. Moreover, we extend our main result to Hartree--Fock theory and to the linear many-body Schrodinger equation for atoms.
BACE1 as the b-secretase

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia. Neuritic plaques are the hallmark neuropathology in AD brains. Proteolytic processing of amyloid-b precursor protein at the b site by beta-site amyloid-b precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is essential to generate Ab, a central component of the neuritic plaques. BACE1 is increased in some sporadic AD brains, and dysregulation of BACE1 gene expression plays an important role in AD pathogenesis. This review will focus on the regulation of BACE1 gene expression at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translation initiation, translational and posttranslational levels, and its role in AD pathogenesis. Further studies on BACE1 gene expression regulation will greatly contribute to our understanding of AD pathogenesis and reveal potential novel approaches for AD prevention and drug
CORRELATED RESPONSE IN EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN RABBITS SELECTED FOR LITTER SIZE VARIABILITY

A divergent selection experiment for litter size variability was carried out in rabbits. The litter size variability was estimated as the phenotypic variance of litter size within female. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of selecting for litter size variability on early embryonic development and survival after 7 generations of divergent selection (high and low variability lines). A total of 30 non-lactating multiparous does per line were used. The ovulation rate and early embryonic development were analysed using Bayesian methodology. Ovulation rate was not affected by the selection process. At 28 h of gestation, embryonic development and survival were similar in both lines. At 48 h of gestation, the majority of embryos in the high line were in the early morulae stage. The high line had a higher proportion of early morulae (79.54 vs. 53.43%; P=0.94) and a lower proportion of compacted morulae (20.46 vs. 46.57%; P=0.93%) than the low line. At 72 h of gestation, the high line had 1.59 fewer embryos than the more homogeneous line (P=0.85), due to reduced embryonic survival (0.60 vs. 0.74; P=0.93). The high line continued to show a higher proportion of early morulae (21.01 vs. 3.69%; P=0.93) and a lower proportion of compacted morulae and blastocysts (78.99 vs. 96.31%; P=0.94) than the low line at 72 h of gestation, indicative of reduced embryonic development. In conclusion, selection for homogeneity in litter size had a positive impact on embryonic traits.