Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The interleukin-10 (-1082A/G) polymorphism is strongly associated with increased risk for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Increased levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) have been observed in patients with oral cancer, possibly as a result of suppression of the immune response. Based on this, the -1082A/G polymorphism, which influences IL-10 gene expression level, was investigated in regard to its possible association with risk for oral cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The polymorphism was examined in DNA samples of 144 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and 141 healthy controls of equivalent gender, age and ethnicity. RESULTS The detected allele frequencies for the high expression G allele were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (34.7% versus 21.3%, respectively, p=0.0004), as well as in patients that were smokers but not those that were heavy alcohol consumers. This highly significant difference in G allele frequency was mainly due to the increase of AG heterozygotes in patients compared to controls (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.84-5.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the high expression G allele of the -1082A/G polymorphism of the inflammation and angiogenesis-related IL-10 is strongly associated with increased risk for oral cancer.
Beak condition drives abundance and grooming-mediated competitive asymmetry in a poultry ectoparasite community

SUMMARY Objective. Ornithonyssus sylviarum (northern fowl mite) and Menacanthus stramineus (chicken body louse) are key poultry pests currently controlled by exclusion or pesticide application. We studied how host beak condition affected their populations over time and how the lice and mites might interact on a host. Methods. Beak-trimmed or beak-intact white leghorn hens were infested initially with either mites or lice and subsequently challenged using the alternate ectoparasite species (reciprocal transfer), while other hens harboured only the initial ectoparasite species. Results. Beak-trimmed hens had far higher ectoparasite numbers relative to beak-intact hens, and the 2 ectoparasites showed evidence of grooming-mediated competitive asymmetry. On beak-trimmed hens, larger numbers of lice quickly nearly completely excluded mites in competition for enemy-free space (lower abdomen), while in the reciprocal transfer mites did not affect louse numbers on beak-trimmed hosts. The 2 ectoparasites co-existed on beak-intact hens, which were better able to defend the lower abdomen habitat by grooming. Conclusion. Lice are somewhat less damaging and much easier to control relative to mites, and might be used to eliminate mites in commercial, beak-trimmed flocks. Beak trimming impairs host grooming and contributes greatly to the high ectoparasite populations seen in commercial flocks. The study adds incentives for poultry breeders to develop more docile hen strains that can be held without beak trimming. This has advantages both to welfare advocates and producers who may no longer need to use insecticides for pest control or be concerned about worker exposure to pesticides.
Gender Still Matters: Effects of Workplace Discrimination on Employment Schedules of Young Professionals

The influx of women into the legal profession has significantly changed the landscape of legal practice. Women lawyers today no longer face the challenges to entering the legal profession they encountered thirty years ago. However, despite these advancements, research continues to demonstrate that there are still gender-based issues women have to face in the legal workplace. Among these issues to date are the difficulties in combining responsibilities of work with responsibilities of families and children that underpin women’s employment and earning disadvantages. Using survey data from a national representative U.S. panel study of lawyers, we examine how work schedules, comparing full-time to part-time work, vary by personal disposition and workplace characteristics. Drawing from prominent explanations of gender inequality in the legal profession, we focus on inquiries of commitment to work, performance, ideal worker expectations, practice settings, and job satisfaction among dimensions of workplace characteristics and examine their effects on women and men lawyers’ work schedules. Logistic regression results show that work schedules significantly vary by gender, parental role, and experience of workplace discrimination. We find that, although all parents experience types of discrimination, there are still major differences in work schedules between mothers and fathers. Our study adds to the gender debate of employment and organizations by examining quantitatively experiences of workplace discrimination.
Urinary excretion of porphyrins, porphobilinogen and δ-aminolaevulinic acid following an attack of acute intermittent porphyria

Background and objectives The porphyrias are a group of rare, mainly inherited, diseases caused by a deficiency of one of the enzymes of the haem biosynthesis pathway. The biochemical hallmark of an acute attack is an increase in urine porphobilinogen (PBG), together with an increase in urinary excretion of δ-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and total urine porphyrins (TUP). In patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) the concentrations of the porphyrin precursors are thought to remain elevated for many years following an acute attack, although this has not been well documented. Methods We measured urine ALA, PBG and TUP excretion in 20 patients with AIP following an attack of acute porphyria over a time period of 3 months to 23 years after their last documented acute attack. Results We showed that urinary concentrations of all metabolites remain elevated for many years. The urinary half life of TUP was 5.3 years, ALA 7.7 years and PBG 10.6 years. Even after 20 years, PBG concentrations remained elevated above the normal range. Conclusions Our study highlights the difficulties of using urinary analysis for diagnosing recurrent attacks, and also raises important questions about the pathophysiology of the condition.
Epidemiology of alcoholic liver disease in Denmark 2006-2011: a population-based study.

AIMS To describe incidence, prevalence, hospitalization rates and survival for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in Denmark 2006-2011. METHODS Using nationwide healthcare registries we identified all Danish residents with a hospital diagnosis of ALD and computed standardized incidence, prevalence, and hospitalization rates in 2006-2011, age- and birth cohort-specific incidence for the 1930-1974 birth cohorts, and 1- and 5-year survival. RESULTS In 2006-2011, the overall standardized ALD incidence decreased from 343 to 311 per 1,000,000 population per year. ALD incidence increased among women aged 65 years or older, but decreased in younger persons and men. Persons born in 1950-1959 had higher age-specific incidence than earlier and later birth cohorts. The prevalence (0.2% of the Danish adult population) and hospitalization rate were constant. The 1- and 5-year survival were 43 and 70%, respectively. CONCLUSION In Denmark, persons born in 1950-1959 have had the highest age-specific incidence. The overall ALD incidence has been decreasing (along with per capita consumption). Despite increases in affordability during the study period, Denmark did not experience the increase in ALD seen, for example, in the UK. It is possible that this is due to the greater impact of government recommendations on safer drinking in Denmark than the UK.
A review of specialties performing temporal artery biopsies in Ontario: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND Temporal artery biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis, but the numbers and types of surgical specialists performing temporal artery biopsies are unknown. The goal of this study was to determine which surgical specialists performed temporal artery biopsies and how geographic location influenced this trend over a period of 10 years. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included all physicians practising in Ontario from 2002 to 2013. Using comprehensive physician services data from the IntelliHEALTH Medical Services database, physicians performing temporal artery biopsies were identified by the Ontario Health Insurance Plan billing code submitted for remuneration. Physicians were categorized by specialty and geographic Local Health Integration Unit. RESULTS A total of 9958 patients underwent a temporal artery biopsy during the study period: the biopsies were performed by 11 different subspecialties. The number of patients undergoing a temporal artery biopsy declined over the 10-year study period. Most procedures were performed by general surgeons (38.1%), followed by ophthalmologists (31.0%) and plastic surgeons (23.6%). Ophthalmologists performed more temporal artery biopsies per person compared with general surgeons, but significantly more general surgeons performed at least 1 biopsy. There was significant variation based on geographic location: plastic surgeons performed the most biopsies in regions with a population of more than 1 million people, and general surgeons performed most of the biopsies in rural areas. INTERPRETATION Geographic location heavily influenced which specialty was most likely to perform temporal artery biopsies. General surgery, ophthalmology and plastic surgery emerged as leaders in this area, and their residency programs should include formal training in this procedure in their curricula.
Further Studies of the Anti‐recall Effect of Lorazepam: A Dose—Time—Effect Relationship

The time of onset and duration of tlie anti recall action of Iorazcpam were assessed under clinical conditions by measuring recall and rccognition of visual stimuli 24 hours after intravenous administration of Iorazepam. The visual stimuli were first presented 5–240 minutes after 2 mg and 5–360 minutes after 4 mg Iorazepam. Retrograde amnesia was not produced. Lorazepam, 2 mg produced a short anti-recall effect (enterograde amnesia) in 50 per cent of the cases with a latency of 30 minutes and a duration of less than half an hour. Duration and frequency of the anti-recall effect were greater after 4 mg while the latency was shorter. More than 70 per cent of the individuals tested were amnesia for the visual stimuli 15 minutes to 4 hours after 4 mg lorazepam. Sedation was satisfactory and long-lasting following both doses of lorazepam, but was not related to the antirecall effect.
Effects of infant temperament and early intervention on the psychiatric symptoms of adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of infant temperament traits and early home-based intervention on psychiatric symptoms in adolescence. METHOD The sample comprised 100 children born in 1975-1976. The families of 54 children received family counseling during the first 5 years of the child's life (10 times/year); 46 children served as a control group for counseling. At age 6 months the infants' temperament traits were evaluated by the Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire filled out by the mother. At age 14 to 15 years the psychiatric symptoms of the adolescents were assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist and the Youth Self-Report. RESULTS A fussy/demanding temperament in infancy was found to predict psychiatric symptoms in adolescence. A family counseling program during infancy protected subjects from developing psychiatric symptoms in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS It may be possible to improve the psychosocial prognosis of children at temperamental risk by home-based intervention focused on parent-child interaction.
When the job is a calling: The role of applying one's signature strengths at work

This study investigates the role of applying the individual signature strengths at work for positive experiences at work (i.e. job satisfaction, pleasure, engagement, and meaning) and calling. A sample of 111 employees from various occupations completed measures on character strengths, positive experiences at work, and calling. Co-workers (N = 111) rated the applicability of character strengths at work. Correlations between the applicability of character strengths and positive experiences at work decreased with intraindividual centrality of strengths (ranked strengths from the highest to the lowest). The level of positive experiences and calling were higher when four to seven signature strengths were applied at work compared to less than four. Positive experiences partially mediated the effect of the number of applied signature strengths on calling. Implications for further research and practice will be discussed.
Testing the Automatization Deficit Hypothesis of Dyslexia Via a Dual-Task Paradigm

Fourteen children with dyslexia were compared with controls matched for age and reading age on automatic processing under a dual-task paradigm. The primary task was a motor balance one, and the secondary task was an auditory-choice task. Main results show that the dyslexic group was more impaired in the dual-task condition compared to the single-task condition. The findings support the automatization deficit hypothesis of dyslexia.
Women’s Decisions to Not Seek Formal Help for Partner Violence

This study examined the help-seeking decisions of low-income women (n = 389) in two types of physically violent heterosexual relationships—intimate terrorism (i.e., physical violence used within a general pattern of coercive control) and situationally violent (i.e., physical violence that is not part of a general pattern of coercive control). Intimate terrorism victims were significantly more likely than situational couple violence victims to cite fear as a reason for not seeking help from the police, medical centers, and counselors/agencies. In contrast, situational couple violence victims more often said that they did not need help. Regression analyses also indicate that additional violence-related factors predict women’s help-seeking. Findings emphasize the importance of distinguishing between types of male partner violence and recognizing women’s exertions of personal choice and perceptions of dangerousness when examining their decisions about seeking help from service providers.
Discrete-time Hybrid Modeling and Verification of the Batch Evaporator Process Benchmark

For hybrid systems described by interconnections of linear discrete-time dynamical systems, automata, and propositional logic rules, we recently proposed the Mixed Logical Dynamical (MLD) systems formalism and the language HYSDEL (Hybrid System Descrip- tion Language) as a modeling tool. For MLD models, we developed a reachability analysis algorithm which combines forward reach set computation and feasibility analysis of trajectories by linear and mixed-integer linear programming. In this paper the versatility of the overall analysis tool is illustrated on the batch evaporator benchmark process.
The Mediating Role of Affect in the Relationship between the Big Five Factor Personality and Risk Aversion: A Structural Model

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the personality characteristics and their effects on risk aversion by the intermediary role of affect. The study suggests that positive and negative affect in individuals can play an intermediary role in the relationship between personality characteristics,risk aversion, and decision making. Methods: 265 undergraduate and postgraduate students completed the Ten-Item Personality Inventory and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS. Data were analyzed using structural equations modeling. Results: Findings showed that the increase in extroversion characteristic was negatively and significantly associated with risk aversion; it was also found out that there was a negative and significant relationship between openness to experience and risk aversion. Furthermore, the relationship between adaptability and risk aversion in the presence of affect as the intermediary factor was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Risk aversion is closely interlaced and undeniably associated with the personality and mentality of the individuals. But, it has to be noted that the sciences related to the intended subjects are substantially new in this regard hence many of the intended topic’s angles are recognized and are worthy of discussion and study. Declaration of Interest: None.
Power Bases and Attribution in Three Cultures

Abstract The authors used a Saudi context to verify the cross-cultural generality of findings (A. Rodrigues & K. L. Lloyd, 1998) reported for U.S. and Brazilian samples in which compliant behavior caused by reward, informational, and referent influences was perceived as more controllable and more internal than compliant behavior resulting from legitimate, expert, and coercive influences. This differential attribution led, in turn, to different affective and behavioral responses. In the present study, cognitive and affective reactions of Saudi students were measured with regard to compliant behavior (leading to a good outcome or a bad outcome) caused by each of the 6 bases of power described by B. H. Raven (1965). As expected, power bases had significant effects. However, when the outcome of the compliant behavior was bad, compliant behavior caused by a coercive influence led to the perception of more internality and controllability. Also—and not found in previous studies—the perception of less internality and controllability of compliant behavior was caused by an informational influence. Findings are discussed in the light of related research and Saudi cultural characteristics.
Hepatitis Associated Antigen and Periarteritis Nodosa (PAN)

The detection of HAA was proved positive in 6 cases out of 7 histologically confirmed PAN. The presence of HAA does not necessarily depend on the evidence of hepatic manifestations. In those 7 cases were indeed observed 2 initial icteric hepatitis biologically and histologically proved, 4 transitory hepatomegalies, and in the last case (which was not the HAA negative one), no hepatic manifestation could be detected. It was possible to prove for at least 4 patients that they did not receive transfusions previously. The detection of HAA was performed by immunodiffusion test only, and our results were controlled in Paris and Lyon. In 2 cases the antigen and the antibody were observed simultaneously. Apparently the antigen appears very precociously and persists for a fairly long time because we can follow its persistency after 30 months in 1 case. To explain these facts, 3 hypothesis can be proposed:
Infant attachment and stress regulation: A neurobiological study

Wat bepaalt de kwaliteit van gehechtheid? In een grootschalig onderzoek, Generation R, zijn de stresshuishouding en enkele kandidaatgenen van de kinderen onderzocht, en het gedrag van de ouder. De gehechtheidsrelatie is de relatie tussen een kind en een ouder (of andere stabiele verzorger) die in het eerste levensjaar wordt opgebouwd. Veilig gehechte kinderen gebruiken hun ouder als veilige haven van waar ze de omgeving verkennen. Onveilig gehechte kinderen hebben hier moeite mee; zij kunnen niet de juiste balans vinden tussen contact met de ouder en het verkennen van de omgeving. Dit onderzoek laat zien dat onveilig gehechte kinderen heftiger op stress reageren dan veilig gehechte kinderen. Wanneer er sprake was van depressie in het leven van de moeder, leidt dit tot een verdere toename van stress bij de onveilig gehechte kinderen. Hetzelfde gold voor onveilig gehechte kinderen met een risico-gen dat verantwoordelijk is voor een minder goede stressregulatie. Verder vonden we dat sensitief opvoedgedrag van moeder leidde tot meer veilige gehechtheid, maar alleen wanneer het kind een bepaalde variant van een gen droeg dat van belang is bij het omgaan met stress. De resultaten laten de kwetsbaarheid en stressgevoeligheid van onveilig gehechte kinderen zien. Daarnaast kunnen we op basis van de huidige resultaten zeggen dat insensitief opvoedgedrag, depressie van moeder en genetische risico’s een rol spelen bij onveilige gehechtheid. De ontwikkeling van gehechtheid is complex, en het resultaat van het samenspel tussen biologische aspecten en de opvoedingsomgeving. Daarop moet toekomstig onderzoek dan ook gericht zijn.
Real-time measurement of outdoor worker’s exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation in Pretoria, South Africa

The city of Pretoria in South Africa receives considerable solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) because of its low latitude (22–35°S) and relatively clear skies. Certain meteorological factors affect the amount of solar UVR that reaches the ground; the most dominant factors being stratospheric ozone, cloud cover and solar zenith angle. It is known that overexposure to solar UVR may lead to the development of adverse health conditions, the most significant being skin cancer. Outdoor workers spend a significant amount of time outside and are thus susceptible to this risk. In this case study, we estimated, for the first time, the real-time solar UVR exposure of an outdoor worker in Pretoria. Measurements were made on 27 and 28 May 2013 using a handheld ultraviolet index (UVI) meter calibrated against a science-grade biometer at the South African Weather Service in Pretoria. Personal exposure estimation was used to discern the pattern in diurnal and annual sunburn risk for the outdoor worker. Ambient UVR levels ranged from 0 UVI to 4.66 UVI and the outdoor worker’s potential exposure estimates regularly exceeded 80% of these levels depending on the time of day. The risk of sunburn was evident; however, actual incidents would depend on individual skin photosensitivity and melanin content, as well as sun protection used. Further research is needed to determine the personal exposure estimations of outdoor workers in other provinces in which solar UVR levels may be equally high, or higher than those in Pretoria.
Gender and beauty in the financial analyst profession: evidence from the United States and China

We examine how gender and beauty affect the likelihood of being voted as an All-Star in the financial analyst profession in both the United States and China. We find that female analysts are more likely to be voted as All-Star analysts in the United States, but good-looking female U.S. analysts are less likely to be voted as All-Stars. The conclusion is the opposite for Chinese analysts. We find that female analysts in China are less likely to be voted as All-Stars, but the likelihood increases with their facial attractiveness. These findings implicate a beauty penalty for female analysts in the United States and gender discrimination against female analysts in China. This career path evidence from a competitive financial industry suggests that gender and beauty biases may be rooted deeply in culture and the legal environment and should not be treated homogenously.
EXPLAINING GIFT-EXCHANGE—THE LIMITS OF GOOD INTENTIONS

This paper explores the limitations of intention-based social preferences as an explanation of gift-exchange between a firm and a worker. In a framework with one self-interested and one reciprocal player, gift-giving never arises in equilibrium. Instead, any equilibrium in a large class of multistage games must involve mutually unkind behavior of both players. Besides gift-exchange, this class of games also includes moral hazard models and the rotten kid framework. Even though equilibrium behavior may appear positively reciprocal in some of these games, the self-interested player never benefits from reciprocity. We discuss the relation of these results to the theoretical and empirical literature on gift-exchange in employment relations.