Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Expansion and Reformulation of Query on Improved Precision of Retrieval Results

Expansion and reformulation of queries are among the most common strategies employed by users in retrieval of initial results to coordinate them with their needs. The present study examines the expansion and reformulation of queries and their impact on improving the precisionof the retrieval results.The analytical survey method was used to evaluate the relationship between the variables. The study was conducted on the MA students of the Information Science and Knowledgein Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan Science and Research Branch, who had the seminar course(n=28). The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The results showed the lack of enough time to review all the retrieved results as the most important reason for the expansion and reformulation of queries (mean = 4.66). In addition, the users reported different perceived usefulness of the expansion and reformulation tools for the retrieval results where they perceived the reformulation strategy more useful (mean =3.781). Furthermore, the precision of the initial results was significantly increased using the reformulation tools. The tools including limiting the search terms by the resource title, subject, year, and searching the initial results enhance the overall precision of the initial results. However, for the expansion tools, using these limiting approaches resulted in no significant difference between the precision of initial results and the final retrieval results. The results show that using the expansion and reformulation tools to correct the initial search may have different reasons. Moreover, the use of these tools affects the precision of searches.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDENTS' SELF EFFICACY AND THEIR ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT

Many studies have been carried out on this concept of self efficacy in the academic settings. For example, Schunk (1995) stated that students when engaged in activities are affected by personal (e.g., goal setting, information processing) and situational influences (rewards, feedbacks). These provide students an idea on how well they learn. Self efficacy was enhanced when students perceived they performed well. On the other hand, Bandura, Barbaranelli, Caprara and Pastorelli (1996), reported that parents' academic aspirations for their children, influence the children's academic achievement directly or indirectly by influencing their self efficacy. Based on the theoretical explanation on self efficacy and findings of past studies, it is therefore the aim of this study to find out the relationship between students' self efficacy and their English language achievement. In Malaysia, English is a second language but since 2003, English is the medium of instruction for mathematics and science subjects for year one, form one and form six students. Based on this scenario, it is therefore pertinent to find out whether performance in the English language is largely determined by their perceived English language efficacy. A descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 1,146 students from eight secondary schools in the Petaling district, Selangor. The instruments used to measure self efficacy were the Self Efficacy Scale developed by Bandura (1995) and the Self Efficacy Scale developed by Kim and Park (1997). The findings showed that 51 percent of students had high self efficacy while 48 percent showed low self efficacy. Correlational analysis showed positive correlations between several dimensions of self efficacy that is, academic achievement eficacy (r = 0.48, p = 0.001); other expectancy beliefs (r = 0.34, p = 0.005); and self assertiveness (r = 0.41, p = 0.005) with academic performance in English language. In conclusion, achievement in English language will improve when students have high self efficacy in the language. The implications are discussed in relation to teaching and learning within the school settings. Abstrak: Beberapa kajian telah dijalankan dalam bidang akademik tentang konsep efikasi kendiri. Contohnya, Schunk (1995) menyatakan bahawa pelajar yang terlibat dalam aktiviti sering dipengaruhi oleh faktor peribadi (penentuan matlamat, pemprosesan maklumat) dan situasi (ganjaran, maklum balas). Perkara ini memberi idea kepada pelajar tentang sebaik mana mereka telah belajar. Efikasi kendiri akan meningkat apabila pelajar beranggapan mereka telah melakukan yang terbaik. Sebaliknya, Bandura, Babaranelli, Caprara dan Pastorelli (1996) melaporkan bahawa aspirasi akademik ibu bapa untuk anak-anak mempengaruhi secara langsung atau tidak langsung pencapaian akademik mereka melalui pengaruh ibu bapa ke atas efikasi kendiri anak-anak. Berdasarkan penerangan teori tentang efikasi kendiri dan dapatan kajian lepas, maka tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk melihat perhubungan antara efikasi kendiri pelajar dengan pencapaian
Numerical procedure with analytic derivative for unsteady fluid–structure interaction

The unsteady interaction between an incompressible fluid and a deformable elastic structure is analyzed. An implicit numerical method is proposed. At each time step, the stresses at the fluid–structure interface are determined as a solution of an optimization problem. The modal decomposition of the structure equations leads to a problem to be solved with a reduced number of unknowns. The analytic gradient of the cost function was derived. Numerical tests validate the analytic derivative and show the behavior of a two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations with plate-like model interaction. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oligotrophic patterns in southern Chilean lakes: the relevance of nutrients and mixing depth

Los lagos monomicticos templados del sur de Chile son generalmente oligotroficos de gran transparencia, baja productividad y aparente resistencia a perturbaciones tales como adiciones de fosforo. Este trabajo intenta explicar los bajos valores de clorofila de acuerdo a aproximaciones descriptivas y experimentales. Se utilizan aqui tres escalas de aproximacion; (a) una microescala en espacio y tiempo con manipulaciones experimentales de nitrogeno (N), fosforo (P) y luz en 24 limnocorrales ubicados en una bahia del lago Llanquihue, (b) una escala mayor analizando 18 meses de muestreo en 10 sitios del lago Llanquihue agrupados como sitios de cultivo de salmones, bahias de ciudades y sitios de control, (c) una escala aun mayor en tiempo y espacio monitoreando semestralmente por 9 anos los lagos Puyehue, Rupanco, Llanquihue en la region de los Lagos Araucanos y el lago Yelcho en la region nor- patagonica. En el muestreo intra lago en el Llanquihue, los valores de fosforo total variaron entre 1 y 12 mg L-1 en los distintos sitios, mostrando efecto de sitio marginales, P = 0,09 (sitios de cultivo de salmones tuvieron los valores mayores). Sin embargo las concentraciones de clorofila a (Chl-a) fueron generalmente bajas (< 2 mg L-1) y no indicaron efectos de sitio. Las concentraciones de nitrogeno organico disuelto (DIN) fueron menores que 30 mg L-1 y mostraron mejor poder predictivo sobre las variaciones de Chl-a. El analisis entre lagos mostro los valores mas bajos de Chl-a en el lago Yelcho (0,7 µg L-1) y los mayores en el lago Puyehue (2,1 µg L-1). Los valores de P total mostraron un patron similar sin embargo no hubo tendencias temporales claras en los 9 anos de muestreo. La razon molar N/P para las formas disueltas fue generalmente menor que 20. En el experimento en limnocorrales el N tuvo un efecto significativo positivo (P< 0,001) sobre la concentracion de Chl-a en cambio ni el P ni la disponibilidad de luz mostraron efectos significativos. Otro resultado notable fue que la concentracion de Chl-a fue superior en los limnocorrales control que en el lago. En todos los lagos estudiados los valores de N total no excedieron 20 mmol L-1 y las concentraciones de P total no superaron los 0,8 mmol L-1 lo que sugeriria particularmente una limitacion por N como un elemento clave en la regulacion de la Chl-a y productividad. Un factor adicional regulador de la productividad y biomasa, y que solo se evalua indirectamente aqui, seria la gran profundidad de mezcla, caracteristica peculiar de los lagos templados del hemisferio sur y que tiene un mejor poder explicativo, afectando negativamente la concentracion de Chl-a de los lagos. Su efecto tambien puede explicar el aumento de la Chl-a en los limnocorrales con un epilimnion forzadamente muy reducido. Si la gran profundidad de mezcla condiciona la productividad, entonces las tramas troficas de los lagos de profundo epilimnion debieran estar mas ligadas al bentos y zonas costeras
Learning Large Euclidean Margin for Sketch-based Image Retrieval

This paper addresses the problem of Sketch-Based Image Retrieval (SBIR), for which bridge the gap between the data representations of sketch images and photo images is considered as the key. Previous works mostly focus on learning a feature space to minimize intra-class distances for both sketches and photos. In contrast, we propose a novel loss function, named Euclidean Margin Softmax (EMS), that not only minimizes intra-class distances but also maximizes inter-class distances simultaneously. It enables us to learn a feature space with high discriminability, leading to highly accurate retrieval. In addition, this loss function is applied to a conditional network architecture, which could incorporate the prior knowledge of whether a sample is a sketch or a photo. We show that the conditional information can be conveniently incorporated to the recently proposed Squeeze and Excitation (SE) module, lead to a conditional SE (CSE) module. Extensive experiments are conducted on two widely used SBIR benchmark datasets. Our approach, although being very simple, achieved new state-of-the-art on both datasets, surpassing existing methods by a large margin.
Syddansk Universitet The acidic domain of the endothelial membrane protein GPIHBP1 stabilizes lipoprotein lipase activity by preventing unfolding of its catalytic domain Mysling,

GPIHBP1 is a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein of capillary endothelial cells that binds lipoprotein lipase (LPL) within the interstitial space and shuttles it to the capillary lumen. The LPL.GPIHBP1 complex is responsible for margination of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins along capillaries and their lipolytic processing. The current work conceptualizes a model for the GPIHBP1.LPL interaction based on biophysical measurements with hydrogen-deuterium exchange/ mass spectrometry, surface plasmon resonance, and zero-length cross-linking. According to this model, GPIHBP1 comprises two functionally distinct domains: (1) an intrinsically disordered acidic N-terminal domain; and (2) a folded C-terminal domain that tethers GPIHBP1 to the cell membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. We demonstrate that these domains serve different roles in regulating the kinetics of LPL binding. Importantly, the acidic domain stabilizes LPL catalytic activity by mitigating the global unfolding of LPL’s catalytic domain. This study provides a conceptual framework for understanding intravascular lipolysis and GPIHBP1 and LPL mutations causing familial chylomicronemia. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.12095. 001
Cellulose-binding domains as a tool for paper recycling

Treatment of secondary paper fibres with cellulose-binding domains allows for improvements of pulp drainability and of paper mechanical properties. The interfacial system fibre­ -water-fibre, and after drying, fibre-air-fibre, may be affected by the CBD treatment, influencing the pulp and paper technical properties. Inverse Gas Chromatography provides experimental evidence that support this hypothesis.
Attenuation anisotropy in the linear-slip model: Interpretation of physical modeling data

This study attempts to validate a mathematical formalism of introducing attenuation into Schoenberg’s linear slip model. This formalism is based on replacing the real-valued weaknesses by complex-valued ones. During an ultrasonic experiment, performed at a central frequency of 100 kHz on a plate-stack model with 1-mm-thick Plexiglas™ plates, the velocity and attenuation inverse of the quality factor Q of P-, SH-, and SV-waves are measured in directions from 25° to 90° with the symmetry axis for dry and oil-saturated models and loading uniaxial pressures of 2 and 4 MPa. The velocity and attenuation data are fitted by the derived theoretical functions. The values of the real and imaginary parts of the complex-valued weaknesses are estimated. The real parts of the weaknesses, which have a clear physical meaning they affect the weakening of the material, are three times larger for the dry model than for the oil-saturated one. The imaginary parts of the weaknesses are responsible for attenuation; their values are an order of magnitude smaller than the real parts. The derived expressions for angle-dependent velocities and attenuations can be used to distinguish between dry and oil-saturated fractures. In particular, the P-wave attenuation function in the symmetry-axis direction normal to fracture planes is different in dry and saturated media. The experiment shows that the platestack model is inhomogeneous because of the nonuniform pressure distribution, which degrades the experimental results and creates difficulties in the inversion for the complex-valued weaknesses — particularly in joint inversion of P- and S-wave data.
New media & youth identity. Issues and research pathways

Media have held a considerable and growing place in the social environment of industrial society in recent decades, transforming the perception that a people have of their place in the world and of their memberships and belonging, creating new paths for social relations, affecting lifestyles, socialization, and communication processes, and the construction of identity itself. The relationship between young people (especially teenagers and adolescents) and new media shows some peculiarities which are worth further reflection to understand the extent and outcomes of these social changes. This article aims to investigate the discourse on youth identity and new media in the social science literature, determining which are the key trends and exploring the more relevant research questions about this theme and the way these topics relate to one another. Titles and abstracts of articles published during the period 2004-2013 were selected from the Scopus social sciences database and they were analysed using different content analysis techniques supported by the T-Lab software. The international literature on these topics presents a certain liveliness and heterogeneity in themes and its perspectives on theoretical and empirical research. Nevertheless, it has been possible to identify some key trends, focusing mainly on the idea of active identity construction by new media.
Serie Documentos de Trabajo Digital Technology Adoption and Jobs: A Model of Firm Heterogeneity

This paper develops a theoretical framework that expands the task-based models of technical progress and labor markets to allow for firm heterogeneity and wages that vary across firms. The model is compatible with the empirical observation that more productive firms are larger, are more skill intensive, and pay higher wages across skill categories. The model predicts that the decision to invest in information and communications technology depends on firm size and labor market characteristics. As a result of investment in information and communications technology firms grow, become more intensive in complex tasks, become more skilled intensive, and employ more skilled workers as long as skilled labor is complementary to information and communications technology. Employment of unskilled workers increases as well, provided that firm output growth is sufficiently high to overcome the negative substitution effect. Workers who remain employed are better off because their wage increases with information and communications technology. To the extent that skilled workers have more bargaining power than unskilled workers, or that their wage scheme is more tied to firm performance, wage inequality at the firm level increases with information and communications technology.
Efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia on Learning and Memory in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study

Background: Tinospora cordifolia, an Indian medicinal plant, has been reported to have beneficial effects on disorders like peptic ulcer, hepatobiliary disorders, rheumatism, infectious diseases etc. It enhances cognition in normal rats and successfully overcomes cyclosporine induced memory deficit. Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers of age 18-30 years received Tinospora cordifolia (500 mg of pure aqueous extract) or a matching placebo for 21 days in a double blind, randomized and placebo controlled design. Learning and memory was assessed by subjecting the volunteers to a battery of psychological tests that aimed at studying visual memory, logical memory, verbal memory, attention span and concentration. Results: Tinospora cordifolia showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the test scores for ‘verbal learning and memory’ (control -1.2±1.9, drug 6.9±2.5) and ‘logical memory’ (control 5.1±6.1, drug 26.6±6.7). No significant untoward effects were reported during Tinospora cordifolia treatment. Conclusion: Tinospora cordifolia, 500 mg daily, enhances verbal learning and memory and logical memory (of immediate and short term type) compared to placebo in healthy volunteers.
Intracranial Hemorrhage Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulated With Warfarin or Rivaroxaban: The Rivaroxaban Once Daily, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation

Background and Purpose— Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-threatening complication of anticoagulation. Methods— We investigated the rate, outcomes, and predictors of ICH in 14 264 patients with atrial fibrillation from Rivaroxaban Once Daily, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF). Cox proportional hazards modeling was used. Results— During 1.94 years (median) of follow-up, 172 patients (1.2%) experienced 175 ICH events at a rate of 0.67% per year. The significant, independent predictors of ICH were race (Asian: hazard ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.39–2.94; black: hazard ratio, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.43–7.41), age (1.35; 1.13–1.63 per 10-year increase), reduced serum albumin (1.39; 1.12–1.73 per 0.5 g/dL decrease), reduced platelet count below 210×109/L (1.08; 1.02–1.13 per 10×109/L decrease), previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (1.42; 1.02–1.96), and increased diastolic blood pressure (1.17; 1.01–1.36 per 10 mm Hg increase). Predictors of a reduced risk of ICH were randomization to rivaroxaban (0.60; 0.44–0.82) and history of congestive heart failure (0.65; 0.47–0.89). The ability of the model to discriminate individuals with and without ICH was good (C-index, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.64–0.73). Conclusions— Among patients with atrial fibrillation treated with anticoagulation, the risk of ICH was higher among Asians, blacks, the elderly, and in those with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, increased diastolic blood pressure, and reduced platelet count or serum albumin at baseline. The risk of ICH was significantly lower in patients with heart failure and in those who were randomized to rivaroxaban instead of warfarin. The external validity of these findings requires testing in other atrial fibrillation populations.
Dance Improves Functionality and Psychosocial Adjustment in Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Objective This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to investigate the effect of dance in the functionality and psychosocial adjustment of young subjects with cerebral palsy (CP). Design and Methods Twenty-six young subjects with CP, GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) levels from II to V, were randomized into two intervention groups: kinesiotherapy and dance (n = 13 each). Twenty-four sessions (1 hour, twice a week) were performed in both groups. Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) by International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) were used before and after each intervention. Results Dance increased the classification of functioning (P = 0.001), independence function (P = 0.004), self-care (P = 0.01), mobility (P = 0.008), locomotion (P = 0.01), communication (P = 0.02), psychosocial adjustments (P = 0.04), and cognitive function (P = 0.03). Intergroup analysis evidenced significantly greater improvements in classification of functioning (P = 0.0002), independence function (P = 0.0006), self-care (P = 0.01), mobility (P = 0.001), locomotion (P = 0.002), communication (P = 0.0001), psychosocial adjustments (P = 0.002), and cognitive function (P = 0.0001) in dance group. Conclusions It was shown that this approach could have an influence on basic common points in the body and motion, including emotional and social aspects, supporting the concept of complex multimodal psychomotor adjustments. Dance promoted enhancement on functionality and social activities regarding psychosocial adjustments in cerebral palsy young subjects.
The 1997 Kronotsky earthquake and tsunami and their predecessors, Kamchatka, Russia

Abstract. The northern part of the Kamchatka subduction zone (KSZ) experienced three tsunamigenic earthquakes in the 20th century – February 1923, April 1923, December 1997 – events that help us better understand the behavior of this segment. A particular focus of this study is the nature and location of the 5 December 1997 Kronotsky rupture (Mw ∼ 7.8) as elucidated by tsunami runup north of Kronotsky Peninsula in southern to central Kamchatsky Bay. Some studies have characterized the subduction zone off Kronotsky Peninsula as either more locked or more smoothly slipping than surrounding areas and have placed the 1997 rupture south of this promontory. However, 1997 tsunami runup north of the peninsula, as evidenced by our mapping of tsunami deposits, requires the rupture to extend farther north. Previously reported runup (1997 tsunami) on Kronotsky Peninsula was no more than 2–3 m, but our studies indicate tsunami heights for at least 50 km north of Kronotsky Peninsula in Kamchatsky Bay, ranging from 3.4 to 9.5 m (average 6.1 m), exceeding beach ridge heights of 5.3 to 8.3 m (average 7.1 m). For the two 1923 tsunamis, we cannot distinguish among their deposits in southern to central Kamchatsky Bay, but the deposits are more extensive than the 1997 deposit. A reevaluation of the April 1923 historical tsunami suggests that its moment magnitude could be revised upward, and that the 1997 earthquake filled a gap between the two 1923 earthquake ruptures. Characterizing these historical earthquakes and tsunamis in turn contributes to interpreting the prehistoric record, which is necessary to evaluate recurrence intervals for such events. Deeper in time, the prehistoric record back to ∼ AD 300 in southern to central Kamchatsky Bay indicates that during this interval, there were no local events significantly larger than those of the 20th century. Together, the historic and prehistoric tsunami record suggests a more northerly location of the 1997 rupture compared to most other analyses, a revision of the size of the April 1923 earthquake, and agreement with previous work suggesting the northern KSZ ruptures in smaller sections than the southern KSZ. The final suggestion should be considered with caution, however, as we continue to learn that our historic and even prehistoric records of earthquakes and tsunamis are limited, in particular as applied to hazard analysis. This study is a contribution to our continued efforts to understand tectonic behavior around the northern Pacific and in subduction zones, in general.