Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nudging by Predicting: A Case Study

Nudging students to a better learning is a common practice among teachers of small classes which is impossible in large classes. Indeed, no teacher has enough time for giving individual feedback to several tens or hundred students, let alone be sufficiently aware of the progress and difficulties of each of them. This article reports on a case study using computed individual predictions for sustaining the motivation of large class’ audiences thus nudging them to a better learning. More precisely, this article reports on a case study in which students are given individual predictions of their withdrawal, or “skipping”, and examination performances with the aim of increasing their participation to classes and to homework. A real-life evaluation of the approach in a computer sicence course points to both its effectiveness and its positive reception by students.
Coamplification and coexpression of GRB7 and ERBB2 is found in high grade intraepithelial neoplasia and in invasive Barrett's carcinoma

The human growth factor receptor‐bound protein 7 gene (GRB7), the founding member of a family of adaptor molecules has been shown to regulate cell migration and has been implicated in tumor progression. GRB7 is localized in close proximity to the ERBB2 gene within an amplicon previously identified in Barrett's adenocarcinoma (BCA). We evaluated gene amplification and mRNA expression of GRB7 and ERBB2 in Barrett's carcinoma and its associated precursor lesions to assess their possible role in Barrett's malignant transformation. Copy number and expression levels were analyzed by Q‐PCR (GRB7, ERBB2) and QRT‐PCR (GRB7, ERBB2) using TaqMan technology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (ERBB2) in a series of 24 laser‐microdissected samples of Barrett's carcinomas and 32 samples of associated premalignant lesions. Parallel analysis of gene copy number changes and expression levels demonstrated that GRB7 and ERBB2 displayed concomitant elevated expression levels and increased copy numbers in 32% of Barrett's carcinomas. There was a correlation between GRB7 and ERBB2 in BCA at the DNA level (rs = 0.76, p < 0.001) and the mRNA level (rs = 0.89, p < 0.001). Moreover, coamplification (rs = 0.97, p < 0.001) and coexpression (rs = 0.81, p < 0.001) of GRB7 and ERBB2 are shown to be already present in a subset of BCA associated high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), possibly reflecting a role of a concerted expression of GRB7 and ERBB2. No alterations, neither gene amplification nor overexpression were detected in Barrett's carcinoma associated low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), intestinal metaplasia (IM) and squamous epithelium, indicating that alterations of GRB7 and ERBB2 are late events in the carcinogenesis of Barrett's esophagus. These findings may be of particular interest because the transition from high grade intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive carcinoma is a crucial step in malignant transformation in Barrett's carcinogenesis and might underline the putative role of GRB7 and ERBB2 in cell migration and tumor invasion. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A New Certificateless Signature Scheme Provably Secure in the Standard Model

Certificateless cryptography eliminates the need of certificates from public-key cryptography and solves the key escrow problem in identity-based cryptography. Since Al-Riyami and Paterson introduced the concept of certificateless cryptography, there have been several proposals for certificateless encryption schemes and signature schemes provably secure in the random oracle model. In the random oracle paradigm, the schemes make use of cryptographic hash functions that are modeled as random oracles in the security proof. However, it has been shown that when random oracles are instantiated with concrete hash functions, the schemes may not be secure. Afterward, several certificateless signature (CLS) schemes provably secure without random oracles have been proposed. However, it turned out that all the schemes are insecure against type I or II adversaries. In this paper, we propose a new CLS scheme secure in the standard model under the computational Diffie–Hellman assumption. We then investigate the practical feasibility of our scheme.
Skeleton Line Extraction Method in the Areas with Dense Junctions Considering Stroke Features

Extraction of the skeleton line of complex polygons is difficult, and a hot topic in map generalization study. Due to the irregularity and complexity of junctions, it is difficult for traditional methods to maintain main structure and extension characteristics when dealing with dense junction areas, so a skeleton line extraction method considering stroke features has been proposed in this paper. Firstly, we put forward a long-edge adaptive node densification algorithm, which is used to construct boundary-constrained Delaunay triangulation to uniformly divide the polygon and extract the initial skeleton line. Secondly, we defined the triangles with three adjacent triangles (Type III) as the basic unit of junctions, then obtained the segmented areas with dense junctions on the basis of local width characteristics and correlation relationships of each Type III triangle. Finally, we concatenated the segments into strokes and corrected the initial skeleton lines based on the extension direction features of each stroke. The actual water network data of Jiangsu Province in China were used to verify the method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can better identify the areas with dense junctions and that the extracted skeleton line is naturally smooth and well-connected, which accurately reflects the main structure and extension characteristics of these areas.
Minimizing the Number of Dropouts in University Pedagogy Online Courses

Students’ engagement and retention in online courses have been found to be in general significantly lower than in contact teaching. Multiple reasons for this exist, but improving student retention is ubiquitously seen as a beneficial improvement. We take a look at student engagement in online courses aimed specifically for university teachers and doctoral students, and use a mixed methods approach to obtain a holistic understanding of student engagement in our domain. We analyse quantitative data from two cases (n=346 and n=271) collected from students of three university pedagogy online modules over the course of years 2016-2017. We identify key moments in our modules where students drop out and, for example, differences in dropout rates between various demographics (i.e. faculty and whether the student is a university staff member or not). The main moment where students drop out is found to be in the very beginning of the courses, and the introduction of a pre- and post-test to the courses improved retention. This study suggests that when all other factors affecting student engagement are in order, additional focus should be paid to the very beginning of the course and get as many students to do the first couple tasks as possible in order to reduce the dropout rate.
Surfactant therapy improves pulmonary function in infants with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is an important cause of acute respiratory failure in HIV‐infected children. PCP may initiate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by adversely affecting surfactant physiology. We report improved pulmonary function following administration of bovine lipid extract surfactant to two infants with AIDS‐related PCP/ARDS. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 1997; 24:370–373. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Problem with Teaching Defence against the Dark Arts: A Review of Game-based Learning Applications and Serious Games for Cyber Security Education

When it comes to game-based approaches for cyber security education for end-users, similarities can be drawn to the problem with teaching Defence against the Dark Arts at Hogwarts. While teachers do not last due to the position’s curse, game-based approaches in cyber security education for end-users often do not survive the prototype phase and hence, they are not available to the public. In this paper, we review gamebased learning applications and serious games for cyber security education for end-users to respond to two hypotheses. First, we expect that not many games for end-users without prior knowledge and skills in Computer Science (CS) are available. Next, we hypothesize that available games do not teach sustainable knowledge or skills in CS to properly qualify end-users. For review, we use a two-fold approach including a systematic literature review and a product search. As a result, we falsified the first hypothesis and found indicators verifying the second. Future work includes a closer look on available games with respect to game mechanisms, technologies and design principles.
Conceptualizing Online Value Co-Creation and Co-Destruction in Social Enterprises

Free to read on publisher website Value co-creation as a collaborative effort in creating value provides an innovative model of collaboration for organizations. While online communities are considered a valuable source of value co-creation, factors such as the absence of trust and lack of transparency may lead to the emergence of value co-destruction. Social enterprises (SEs) are growing business models in social entrepreneurship, and widely use information and communication technologies like online communities to spread the word about their social impact. The main aim of this research in progress paper is to understand the role of online communities in value co-creation and co-destruction in social enterprise context. In particular, this paper will: (1) investigate the factors that influence online value co-creation and co-destruction in the ecosystem of SEs; (2) understand the outcomes resulting from value co-creation and co-destruction for SEs, and; (3) explore the challenges SEs are facing that can be addressed through online value co-creation. We propose an initial conceptual framework identifying online value co-creation and co-destruction in the ecosystem of SEs and show how they relate to the specific challenges of SEs. This work advances current theoretical knowledge in SEs research and will guide practitioners to build more efficient communities and scale their work.
Localizing Catastrophic Forgetting in Neural Networks

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) suffer from catastrophic forgetting when trained on a sequence of tasks. While this phenomenon was studied in the past, there is only very limited recent research on this phenomenon. We propose a method for determining the contribution of individual parameters in an ANN to catastrophic forgetting. The method is used to analyze an ANNs response to three different continual learning scenarios.
One-year effect of wearing orthokeratology lenses on the visual quality of juvenile myopia: a retrospective study

Objective To study the one-year effect of wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses on the visual quality of juvenile myopia. Methods The right eyes of 36 juvenile myopias were retrospectively studied in this work. Q-value, e-value, corneal curvature, strehl ratio (SR), modulation transfer function (MTF) and wavefront aberration (WA) were compared before and at 1, 3 and 12 months after wearing OK lenses. The SR, MTF and WA of cornea, internal optic and ocular were analyzed separately. The spherical and cylinder diopter, vision acuity, compensating factor (CF) and compensative rate (CF%) were compared before and at 12 months after wearing OK lenses. Results (1) The vision of LogMAR increased and the corneal curvature decreased significantly after wearing OK lenses. There was no significant difference for the e-value before and after wearing OK lenses. The Q-value increased at 1 month but decreased at 3 and 12 months remarkably. (2) The ocular and internal optic SR and MTF increased significantly at 1 month and then remained stable. The MTF in different spacial frequencies increased after wearing OK lenses. There was no significant difference for the corneal SR before and after wearing OK lenses, and the corneal MTF decreased significantly after wearing OK lenses. (3) For the ocular, the total higher order aberration (HOA), spherical, coma and trefoil aberrations increased, and the total aberration, total lower order aberration (LOA) and defocus aberration decreased obviously except astigmatism. The corneal aberrations increased significantly after wearing OK lenses except astigmatism. For the internal optic, the total aberration, total LOA and defocus aberration decreased, and the total HOA, coma and trefoil aberration increased significantly except the astigmatism and spherical aberrations. (4) The CF and CF% of total aberration, total LOA, total HOA and coma aberrations increased, and those of astigmatism and spherical decreased at 12 months. Conclusions Orthokeratology is effective in correcting the refractive error and improving the vision quality of juvenile myopia over the one-year follow-up period.
Chatbot Acceptance in Healthcare: Explaining User Adoption of Conversational Agents for disease Diagnosis

In this research, we develop a research model explaining the adoption of conversational agents for disease diagnosis. Healthcare is challenged by a parallel increasing demand for healthcare services and a decreasing supply of healthcare professionals. Mobile Health is proposed to overcome geographical, temporal, and organizational barriers of healthcare services. Conversational agents (CA), i.e. software programs that interact with users through natural language, are developed that are even able to diagnose a disease based on an individuals’ input using a chat interface. However, these systems face an adoption challenge. To understand that, we use UTAUT2 as theoretical lens and 35 semi-structured interviews with potential users of a CA for disease diagnosis. Based on that we propose a research model that contains (1) well-known UTAUT2 factors (performance and effort expectancy, facilitating conditions), (2) re-defined other factors to better fit the context (social influence, price value, habit), and (3) newly identified ones (privacy risk expectancy, trust in provider and system, compatibility, experience in e-diagnosis, access to health system). We also reveal that hedonic motivation is not relevant for CA adoption. The newly proposed model addresses research gaps in CA research in general, but also in mHealth and especially the use of CA in healthcare research in particular. We also discuss rather general implications for technology acceptance research and provide some suggestions for providers of CA in healthcare to increase the diffusion rates of these systems.
Service-learning in nursing: Integrating student learning and community-based service experience through reflective practice

Domestic violence is a pervasive problem in South Africa. The School of Nursing at the University of the Western Cape has responded to the challenge of training sensitive, knowledgeable and skilled health personnel by developing a Management of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) module. The purpose of this paper is to describe the professional and personal development of nursing students in this programme through their service-learning experience in the GBV module based on the analysis of the description of the students’ reflective journals, group project reports and a focus-group discussion as the primary data sources. Analysis showed that students gained critical thinking skills and developed an understanding of the supportive role health professionals can play through developing skills of caring, advocacy and a commitment to civic engagement, which promotes collaborative relationships. Some of the lessons learnt from this experience include realistic planning in terms of outcomes, time frames, and available resources as well ensuring support from colleagues for the effective implementation of the programme.
The current State and Future Opportunities of Digital Innovation: a literature Review

Digital innovation has already disrupted numerous industries and is challenging extant theories about innovation. However, until now there is no comprehensive review that systemizes the current state of knowledge on digital innovation. Since publication rates on digital innovation increased fivefold since 2015, it is especially important to understand how the field is developing. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview on how the field has developed, identify under-researched topics and under-used methods to guide future research. In our structured literature review, we systemize the findings by differentiating between two dimensions digital innovation as a process and as an outcome. Furthermore, we explore determinants of digital innovation by taking three different levels of analysis into consideration: individual, organizational and environmental. By including extant research until today, we provide a comprehensive summary on current knowledge on digital innovation and identify opportunities for future research.
A Forecasting Approach to Online Change Detection in Land Cover Time Series

We present a method for online detection of land cover change based on remotely sensed time series. Change is detected by monitoring deviations between observations and forecasts made using the time series historical data and similar time series in the geographical region. This method and several others were applied to MODIS 8-day surface reflectance data for problems of detecting settlement expansion in Limpopo Province, South Africa, and detecting deforestation in New South Wales, Australia. The proposed method had significantly shorter median detection delay (DD) for equivalent rates of false alarms compared with the other evaluated methods. We obtained a median DD of seven samples for settlement detection and 14 samples for deforestation detection corresponding to 56 days and 112 days, respectively. This is compared with a median DD of 224 and 544 days for the best other methods evaluated. We suggest that the proposed method is an excellent candidate for land cover change detection where rapid detection is essential.
Secure Transmission for Downlink NOMA Visible Light Communication Networks

In this paper, we consider the two key problems in the physical-layer security of nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) visible light communication (VLC) networks: investigating a closed-form achievable security rate and studying the optimal security beamforming design. Specifically, under the dimming control, practical power, and successive interference cancellation constraints, we derive both the outer and inner bounds of the security capacity region with closed-form expressions, which are evaluated via numerical results. Then, based on the proposed security-rate expression, we investigated the optimal security beamforming design to minimize the total LED power, and to maximize the minimum secrecy rate, respectively. Both the problems are nonconvex. We apply different relaxation techniques to efficiently solve them. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed security beamforming design schemes in the NOMA VLC networks.
Gaining and maintaining consent when capacity can be an issue: a research study with people with Huntington's disease

This paper recognizes the complexity of the debate on informed consent and discusses the importance of the ongoing process of consent for people affected by Huntington's disease (HD). Although written information may not be the most appropriate form of obtaining informed consent in qualitative research, it remains an important part of the ethical approval process for health research in the UK. This paper draws on a study in which the information sheet and consent form were specifically designed to help obtain consent from people who may be impaired by the cognitive and physical effects of HD. The forms were developed by drawing on expert opinion and relevant literature and fall in line with recommendations from the Mental Capacity Act 2005 to encourage people to make their own decisions. The paper describes the feasibility of a method for obtaining consent as an ongoing process with patients affected by HD using information sheets and consent forms specifically designed for people with potential cognitive and/or physical impairments. In conclusion, this paper adds a pragmatic approach to the debate on informed consent by describing the development of a written information sheet and consent form being used in a current social research study. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of written information being adapted according to the needs of potential participants.
Impacts of Personal Characteristics of Students on Their Acceptance of ERP Solutions in Learning Process

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions are the most frequently used software tool in companies in all industries. The growing body of scientific literature about the acceptance of ERP solutions by users in companies reflects the growing perceived importance of ERP solutions for business management as well. The labour market requires the knowledge and skills for usage of ERP solutions from graduates – future employees. The main objective of our paper is therefore the identification of important factors that contribute to the acceptance of ERP solutions by students in economics and business and that shape their intentions to use this knowledge in the future. The conceptual model of our research is based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), extended by previously identified important multidimensional external factors that refer to students’ personal characteristics and information literacy. The conceptual model formed was tested using the structural equation modelling. Research results revealed that only two of external factors play an important role in shaping the attitudes towards acceptance of ERP solutions by students. Results of the study have important implications for higher education institutions, reforming and updating their study programs, as well as for educators in the field of information science.
Not All Reviews are Equal - a literature Review on Online Review Helpfulness

The amount of online reviews is growing significantly. Between 2014 and 2017 the number of reviews for TripAdvisor grew by 300% and for Yelp by 208%. However, not all online reviews are equally valuable. Some reviews are perceived to be more helpful or trustworthy then others. Hence, a plethora of scholars have investigated the role of online reviews and researched factors and characteristics determining its helpfulness. Nevertheless, mixed findings were found. Consequently, the purpose of our paper is to present a holistic and representative analysis of the literature on factors indicating the helpfulness of online reviews. In total, we analyzed 81 journal articles and inductively created a framework resulting in four dimensions: review-related factors, reviewer-related factors, reader related factors and environment-related factors. The results reveled that researchers mainly focused on factors of the first two dimensions and that the findings are inconsistent and need to be solved by future research.