Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insight Into Individual Differences in Emotion Dynamics With Clustering

Studying emotion dynamics through time series models is becoming increasingly popular in the social sciences. Across individuals, dynamics can be rather heterogeneous. To enable comparisons and generalizations of dynamics across groups of individuals, one needs sophisticated tools that express the essential similarities and differences. A way to proceed is to identify subgroups of people who are characterized by qualitatively similar emotion dynamics through dynamic clustering. So far, these methods assume equal generating processes for individuals per cluster. To avoid this overly restrictive assumption, we outline a probabilistic clustering approach based on a mixture model that clusters on individuals’ vector autoregressive coefficients. We evaluate the performance of the method and compare it with a nonprobabilistic method in a simulation study. The usefulness of the methods is illustrated using 366 ecological momentary assessment time series with external measures of depression and anxiety.
Information Behavior and Knowledge Management in Project-Based Learning (PBL*) Engineering Teams: A Cultural-Historical Activity Theory Approach

This research studies how student engineering problem-based learning teams engage information challenges as they build sustained knowledge-based organizations. These challenges are framed by cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT), a framework that situates individual and collective activity in social and cultural foundations. CHAT notes points of contradiction that can influence a team’s progress towards its intended collective outcome, with different teams identifying and approaching contradictions in different ways. This research looks specifically at Formula SAE (FSAE) teams, an automotive racing project sponsored by the Society for Automotive Engineers. This research analyzed interview and survey data from 42 respondents in the North American context; 33 from currently competing teams, 9 from faculty advisors, judges and alumni. Results show a diverse range of responses to CHAT contradictions, including calibrating individual motivations to create a team with a diverse range of skills, integrating multiple sources of explicit and tacit knowledge in research and development, negotiating relationships with larger administrative powers, managing knowledge transfer and organizational renewal in a high turnover context, and negotiating when it is best to cooperate with versus compete against teams striving towards the same outcome. This research situates CHAT as an effective theoretical grounding for similar projectbased learning team research, especially for teams operating as long-term knowing organizations. This research highlights best practices that could inform student team leaders in this and similar
Despite Our Different Social Identities, We Can Co-Exist: Intergroup Positive and Negative Contact

The aim of this study was to develop an in-depth understanding of the positive and negative contact experiences among the university students with different social identity categories living in the same dormitory room. The research was designed as a qualitative study utilizing phenomenological approach. A total of 45 students, who identified themselves as Turkish (22) and Kurdish (23) in terms of ethnic and cultural sub-identities were interviewed and qualitative data were collected. In the study, semistructured interview technique was used to collect data. In the analysis of qualitative data, data reduction, data display and outcome verification steps were followed. The results of the study revealed that the students sharing the same dorm room were generally satisfied with their interactions and had frequent contact. It was also determined that the students were able to get help from each other to a large extent and as much as they could. However, it was ascertained that students refrained from discussing political issues on social identity. It was concluded that, depending on the quality of contact between groups, prejudice between the groups gradually decreased, and in close friendships the human identity and personal characteristics were taken as reference. In addition, it was also observed that as contact between groups becomes negative, social identities become more visible and pronounced. It was determined that a significant number of students were not disturbed by each other in their interactions and did not feel any anxiety. Students began to feel uncomfortable and anxious when political issues based on personal characteristics and social identities were discussed. It was stressed, albeit not as strongly, that students' social identity-based prejudice transformed positively as a result of the frequency and quality of increased social contact.
Primary Students’ Emic Views of Reading Intervention: A Qualitative Case Study of Motivation

Although research indicates that motivation influences reading development and achievement, studies examining the motivation of primary-age readers are scarce and limited. Assuming school experiences play a role in shaping motivation, it is imperative that younger children’s motivation to read within the context of reading intervention programs be examined. This qualitative case study takes a step toward addressing the gap in the literature. The motivation and engagement of eight children identified as “at risk” for reading difficulties (four first graders and four second graders) specific to a pullout reading intervention program were investigated via researcher field notes and video logs, reading specialist engagement questionnaires and interviews, and participatory student interviews. Findings reveal that reports of engagement were mainly consistent with children’s preferences for doing reading in the classroom or in the intervention setting; however, children’s own perceptions were essential in understanding how the benefits and costs each associated with the intervention combined to influence motivation.
Maltese sixth form students' knowledge, attitudes and reported behaviours related to sexually transmitted infections.

HN/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are having a devastating effect on the mortality, morbidity and socio-economic structure of populations all around the world, and particularly on young people. Evidence from international research suggests that much of this is preventable. In Malta however, research about the subject is still in its initial stages. The aim of this study is to explore the STI-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of a group of local young people aged between 16 and 18 years, namely sixthform students. This information will then be used to help plan a more effective health promotion / health education campaign with a view of reducing unprotected sexual activity among teenagers. Data was collected through questionnaires administered to a stratified random sample of 300 subjects representative of all the sixth-form students in Malta. Almost 17% of the students in this sample claimed to be sexually active, a percentage which is lower than that reported in most studies among adolescents of a similar age group. However, unlike the findings in most international studies, the young women in this survey were not any less likely than their male counterparts to report having had sexual intercourse, having had more than one lifetime sexual partner or having had intercourse before their sixteenth birthday. Among the sexually active respondents, the median age of first intercourse was 16 years. Half of the sexually active respondents claimed to have had more than one sexual partner but only 31 % of them claimed to use condoms consistently. With the exception of some misconceptions, the students appeared to have a satisfactory level of knowledge about the transmission and prevention of STIs. However the findings of this study tend to support the well-documented international trend that many young people fail to translate their knowledge about STIs into safe sexual practices. Students who were more knowledgeable about STIs were not any less likely to be sexually active or to have more than one sexual partner, and not any more likely to use condoms consistently than their counterparts with a lower level of knowledge. Reported sexual activity was not related to the respondents' socio-economic class, geographical habitation, the subjects they studied or to whether they attended a Church or state sixth-form. Students studying science subjects were however significantly more knowledgeable about STIs than their peers studying other SUbjects. This suggests that science students should have an active role in peer-education programmes for the prevention of STIs. The findings also suggest that the current sexeducation programme in the local secondary schools should be re-enforced in a way which educates and trains the students to acquire the skills necessary to overcome the motivational, communicational and practical barriers to consistent condom use.
Balancing Research and Service in Academia: Gender, Race, and Laboratory Tasks

Our study highlights specific ways in which race and gender create inequality in the workplace. Using in-depth interviews with 67 biology PhD students, we show how engagement with research and service varies by both gender and race. By considering the intersection between gender and race, we find not only that women biology graduate students do more service than men, but also that racial and ethnic minority men do more service than white men. White men benefit from a combination of racial and gender privilege, which places them in the most advantaged position with respect to protected research time and opportunities to build collaborations and networks beyond their labs. Racial/ethnic minority women emerge as uniquely disadvantaged in terms of their experiences relative to other groups. These findings illuminate how gendered organizations are also racialized, producing distinct experiences for women and men from different racial groups, and thus contribute to theorizing the intersectional nature of inequality in the workplace.
Determinants of Intention to Divorce Petition Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

Background: Oneof themostimportantdeterminantsof behaviorisintention. Numerousfactorscancontributetotheintention toﬁleadivorcepetition. Oneof thesuccessfulconceptualframeworksinexplainingtheeﬀectivefactorsontheintentiontodivorce is the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Objectives: The current study aimed at identifying the factors aﬀecting the determinants of intention to divorce based on TPB. Methods: The current cross sectional study was conducted on 140 divorce applicants in Yazd, Iran in 2017 selected by random sam-pling. Data collection tools were a demographic information checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire including 48 items divided into four constructs, i e, attitude, behavioral control, subjective norms, and intention. The questionnaire was developed based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and validated in a qualitative study. Data analysis was performed with the AMOS software using goodness-of-ﬁt indices (GFI) of the model, as well as SPSS using ANOVA, post-hoc, and independent t tests. Results: Theconstructs of theTPBsigniﬁcantlyindicated theabilitytopredict theintentiontoﬁle adivorcepetition(R 2 =0.58). The ﬁndings showed that the attitude variables ( β = 0.69), perceived behavioral control ( β = 0.16), and subjective norms ( β = 0.13) had the highest eﬀect on the structure, respectively. Model ﬁt indices (GFI, comparative-ﬁt-index, normed-ﬁt-index, root mean-square error of approximation, and normed chi-Square) indicated the goodness of model. The mean score of attitude toward divorce was higher in women than in men (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Attitude toward divorce was the most eﬀective factor in intention to ﬁle a divorce petition. Given the important role of attitudesintheintentiontodivorce,furthereducationalinterventionsinthisﬁeldaresuggestedinordertoconsiderinﬂuencing constructs according to TPB.
Educating Evaluators 1976–2017: An Expanded Analysis of University-Based Evaluation Education Programs

2015 was designated the International Year of Evaluation, suggesting that evaluation has an important role to play in service of positive global ideals. It is vital to recognize the critical role that the education of evaluators plays in these efforts. The current study uses an online search and curricular analysis to provide a snapshot of evaluation education in late 2017 as well as a retrospective analysis of advanced degrees in evaluation offered at universities across time. The results indicate a period of dramatic growth in the number of certificates and master’s degrees being offered at universities across the world over the decades, with a minor decrease in doctoral programs in the past 5 years. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Creativity, Locus of Control and Risk Tolerance as Predictors of Students’ Entrepreneurial Inclination in Nigerian Public Universities

This study investigated the relationship between creativity, locus of Control, risk tolerance and entrepreneurial inclination of students in Nigerian public universities. Two thousand, nine hundred and thirty (2930) students were sampled from the three universities. Four valid and reliable research instruments were used in gathering data for the study. The findings revealed that the combination of creativity, locus of control and risk tolerance effectively predicted the students’ entrepreneurial inclination. In addition, creativity made the highest contribution to the prediction of the students’ entrepreneurial inclination, followed by risk tolerance, which is followed locus of control. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that there should be content curriculum review, sensitization, advocacy and mobilization of support for entrepreneurship education at all levels of education system in Nigeria. Also that, to enhance the smooth implementation of the entrepreneurship education programs in schools, the teachers should be adequately trained through conferences, seminars and workshops to sharpen their skills.
The work of registered nurses and care assistants with older people in nursing homes : can the outcomes be distinguished?

The need for Registered Nurses (RNs) in the long-term care of older people is being questioned, particularly in the context of nursing shortages, while suggestions for 'professionalising' Care Assistant (CA) roles are emerging. Despite ongoing debates about the importance of their work, research has so far been unable to provide an evidence-base for the outcomes of the work of either RNs or CAs in UK care homes. Using a multi-method interpretive approach, adopting a structure-processoutcome framework and grounded in the philosophical hermeneutics of HansGeorg Gadamer, this qualitative research sought to illuminate the distinct contributions made by RNs and CAs to outcomes for older people in care homes. RNs and CAs from around the UK contributed 'significant' examples of their work for Phase 1 of the study and Phase 2 comprised researcher fieldwork (observation, interviews and documentary analysis) in three care homes around England. Participants included RNs, CAs, older residents, relatives, home managers and professionals working in the homes. The findings offer a rich and detailed analysis of the realities of the work, much of which takes place'behind closed doors' and has been described to a limited extent in the literature. They suggest that the CAs' daily support helps residents to function and to feel valued, and that close, reciprocal, family-type relationships develop. The health knowledge and clinical expertise of good RNs is critical in determining residents' health outcomes, particularly in the long-term, and RNs' 24-hour 'perceptual presence' can make life or death differences in acute or emergency situations. RNs also influence the environment, atmosphere and quality of care in the home. In the context of the literature, the findings offer new insights into the role and contribution of RNs and CAs, the outcomes of their work and the priorities of residents. The study produced new models of RN and CA roles in care homes, encompassing dimensions not previously acknowledged in the literature or their job descriptions, and a new framework within which the outcomes of care for older people could be evaluated. The research offers a positive image of work with older people in independent sector care homes.
Introduction: the image of Islam in Russia

ABSTRACT Russia has a long, complicated and, at times, contradictory relationship with Islam and Muslims. Islam is classified as one of the ‘traditional’ religions, along with Christianity, Judaism and Buddhism. Throughout Russia’s history across the centuries, the efforts by the state and Muslims to define their relationship have led to contradictory outcomes. This special issue grew out of a conference that took place in 2016, seeking to explore the complicated nature of the image of Islam in Russia from a multidisciplinary perspective. A collection of six contributions explore how Islam is viewed and projected in the public and media sphere in contemporary Russia, including state attempts to ‘manage’ the development of Islam, initiatives to transform the public image of Muslims and the charitable work of a mosque at the local level.
Does Experience Lead People to Buy? The Formation of Brand Loyalty Using the Theory of Love on Older Consumers

This research investigated factors that influence the positive brand experiences of older consumers that lead them to be loyal to the product. Data were collected using a paper-based survey, and 362 older consumers participated in the research. Using path analysis, the results suggested that the relationship between brand experience and brand loyalty was stronger when the experience of older consumers predicted their loyalty through affectivity and trust. This research provided evidence that the consumer and brand relationship could be explained using the triangular theory of love and the theory of planned behavior. It can be concluded that the affection and trust of older consumers are essential. Thus, their experience of the product leadsto loyalty.
Screen-based sedentary behaviours in geographic areas with different levels of childhood overweight and obesity: the Italian ZOOM8 study

Normal 0 14 Background : scr een-based s edentary behaviours likely have a negative impact on many aspects of youth health and development. T he purpose of this study was to describe the screen-based sedentary behaviours and to examine factors associated in a sample of Italian school children. Methods: 2129 children, aged 8-9 years, from the three main geographical areas of Italy were involved. Body weight and height were measured . Screen-based sedentary behaviours were evaluated using a parent-reported questionnaire that included items about the time spent watching television (TV) and using computer/playstation and other electronic games. Pearson’s chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted to study possible associated factors. Results: m ore time was spent in screen-based sedentary activities during non-school days rather than on school days. More males than females watched television more than the recommended 2 hours a day and spent the same time using computer (PC), playstation and other electronic games. The presence of a TV in the child’s bedroom was significantly associated with geographical area, and inversely associated with mother’s education. Moreover, children with a TV in the bedroom had higher odds of being overweight/obese and watching TV more than 2 hours a day than those without a TV. According to multiple logistic regression gender, mother’s age and mother’s education were predictors of the total screen time. Conclusions: Italian children spent a significant amount of time in screen-based sedentary behaviours, exceeding media recommendations. In addition gender, mother’s age and mother’s education were predictors of the total screen time.
When reality strikes: Opinion changes among citizens and politicians during a deliberation on school closures

This article reports on deliberation between citizens and politicians in a citizens’ forum about closing small schools and building a school center in a Finnish municipality. This real-world policy issue was highly contested at the time of the deliberation. The purpose of the study was to analyze both the magnitude of opinion changes and potential opinion convergence between citizens and politicians. The citizens’ forum used an experimental design whereby half of the groups engaged in discussion under the guidance of a facilitator with discussion rules, and the other half of the groups had no facilitation or rules. The analyses test how potential opinion changes are mediated by how deliberators experience discussion quality and moderated by the type of participant (citizen or politician). The findings show that opinion changes, both regarding magnitude and convergence, are not uniform for politicians and citizens. Moreover, this study shows how different layers of opinions may be affected differently by deliberation.
The Dual Scales of Sexual Orientation

Abstract Previous measures of sexual orientation ignore the possibility that attraction to men and attraction to women vary independently. In two studies, we test the structure and validity of the novel Dual Sexual Orientation Scales (DSOS), which separates attraction to men from attraction to women on multiple sexual orientation dimensions (e.g., romantic desires, emotional closeness, and fantasies). In both studies, we found support for the theoretical claim that attraction to men and attraction to women can vary separately and established that the DSOS was extremely reliable. The DSOS also predicts traditional sexual orientation identity labels, preferred relationships, and childhood gender/sex-typed behavior, supporting the validity of the measure. The attraction to women subscale further predicts openness and sensation seeking regardless of participant gender/sex, a finding that is not possible to detect using traditional measures.
News Media Trust and News Consumption: Factors Related to Trust in News in 35 Countries

The changes in how people consume news and the emergence of digital and distributed news sources call for a reexamination of the relationship between news use and trust in news. Previous research had suggested that alternative news use is correlated with lower levels of trust in news, whereas mainstream news use is correlated with higher levels of trust in news. Our research, based on a survey of news users in 35 countries, shows that using either mainstream or alternative news sources is associated with higher levels of trust in news. However, we find that using social media as a main source of news is correlated with lower levels of trust in news. When looking at country effects, we find that systemic factors such as the levels of press freedom or the audience share of the public service broadcaster in a country are not significantly correlated with trust in news.
Using an ACS General Chemistry Exam to Compare Traditional and POGIL Instruction

This study uses a standard ACS exam for general chemistry to examine the effectiveness of Process-Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) instruction compared to traditional instruction. One cohort in this general chemistry study received a full year of POGIL instruction, while the second cohort received one semester of traditional instruction followed by a semester of POGIL instruction. The ACS General Chemistry Full-Year Exam was administered to both cohorts at the end of the second semester and statistical comparisons were made. The data indicated no statistical differences in overall exam performance; however, closer examination of individual questions did yield insights into the learning process.