Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological study on the effect of boldenone undecylenate as growth promoting agent in goats

This study investigated the effects of boldenone undecylenate as an anabolic steroid on the performance and body weight of goats. Goats were divided into three groups in a completely randomized design. Two groups received two different doses of boldenone undecylenate for a period of 6 weeks. The 3 rd group was the control. Liver enzymes, (Afp) tumor marker, electrolytes, and body weight were monitored in all goats 2 weeks of the last injection. Body weight was higher (P<0.01) in treated groups than control. Liver function enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT), Afp, sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine did not differ significantly in 0.5 mg/kg treated group, while in 1 mg treated group, activities of ALT and AST were significantly increased (P<0.01). Serum cholesterol and red cell count were significantly high in both treated groups. It was concluded that Boldenone undecylenate in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg could be used for improving the body weight and the physical conditions in goats without any adverse effect on liver or kidney. Abbreviations: AFP, alphafetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase, GGT, gamma glutamyle transferase .
Clinical Features and Risk Factors Associated with Cryptosporidiosis in Diarrhoiec Patients in Kaduna State , Nigeria

Background: Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in developing countries vary widely implying that the infection can be more common than surveys of stool oocysts excretion demonstrate. Diarrhoea caused by Cryptosporidium species in childhood may be associated with subsequent impaired physical and cognitive development. Objective: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors with the presence of Cryptosporidium species oocysts in human stool. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional survey carried out in Kaduna State. The study was a prospective cross-sectional study, a total of 600 diarrhoeic stool samples were collected and screened for oocysts of Cryptosporidium species using Sheather’s sugar flotation method. Results: The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 4.5%. Children under 5 years were found to have significantly (χ = 4.761, p = 0.029) higher prevalence (6.6%) than older patients (2.9%). Symptoms including abdominal pain (Fisher’s exact test = 0.001), fever (Fisher’s exact test = 0.016) and stool characteristics (Fisher’s exact test = 0.002) were also demonstrated to be significantly associated with cryptosporidiosis. Cryptosporidium infection in Kaduna State also had significant association (p ≤ 0.05) with place of residence (χ = 6.559, p = 0.010), where rural dwellers had 7.0% (18/257) prevalence and urban dweller had 2.6% (9/343); animal contact (χ = 12.848, p < 0.001), patients who admitted having contact with animals had 7.0% (25/357) prevalence as against 0.8% (2/248); and method of water treatment (χ = 16.486, p < 0.001), 7.1% (27/379) of subjects who did not treat their water before consumption had cryptosporidiosis. Conclusion: These findings show that cryptosporidiosis is prevalent in Kaduna State, Nigeria and pose a threat to public health. Important factors in dissemination of the parasite are age of patient, place of residence, animal contact and method of treatment of water. It was also found that clinical manifestation of the infection include abdominal pain, fever and stool characteristics. [Ocheme Julius Okojokwu, Bashiru Shafa Abubakar, Hezekiah Yusuf Azi, Edoama Edet Akpakpan, Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi. Clinical Features and Risk Factors Associated with Cryptosporidiosis in Diarrhoiec Patients in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Life Sci J 2018;15(6):61-65]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj150618.07.
Blood parameters and measurements of weight in the rehabilitation of Magellanic penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus , Foster 1781 )

During the austral winter the appearance of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) is common on the southern coast of Brazil. The oil pollution constitutes a major cause of death of these birds. The monitoring of the weight and blood variables is important to make decisions during the rehabilitation and release of these animals. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the penguins’ survival during rehabilitation and the values of hematocrit (Hct), total plasma protein (TPP) and body weight (BW) of the birds received at Centro de Recuperação de Animais Marinhos (Recovery Centre for Sea Animals) between 2006 and 2009. The analysis took place weekly, and penguins were classified according to the outcome of the rehabilitation process, when 101 specimens were rehabilitated and released, and 67 died. Released animals showed a decrease in the Hct in the second and third weeks (41±6% and 40±5% respectively) followed by recovery of the values in the fourth and fifth week (41±4% and 43±4% respectively). TPP levels increased steadily over the collections, stabilizing at 7.3±0.8g/dL in the fourth week. On the other hand, animals that died, although following the same response for TPP, showed no significant difference in Hct between collections, and showed a tendency for loss of BW in the last weeks of rehabilitation. The curves of BW and Hct during rehabilitation were considered a potential prognostic indicator of penguins in rehabilitation. Animals that arrived at the recovery centre with BW, Hct and TPP above 2.700g, 45% and 5.6 g / dL, respectively, have a greater chance of recovery, making these parameters crucial points in decision making regarding the treatment to be conducted during rehabilitation.
Contract Awards Disparity among Multinational and Indigenous Construction Companies

Abstract The key players in the construction industry are the construction companies. However, the level of contract awards among multinational and indigenous construction companies in most developing countries is poorly understood. This research aim at determining the level of contract awards among multinational and indigenous construction companies. The research employed a quantitative approach using both primary and secondary method of data collection to achieve the stated objective. Purposive sample techniques were used for collecting both the primary and secondary data. Structured questionnaires were administered to 70 construction professionals and contractors to determine the factors responsible for low indigenous contractor’s participation and award of contracts. Primary and secondary data were collected, and the findings reveal that 65% of the contract awards between 2002 and 2012 were won by the multinational construction companies. While the lack of requisite skill and technical know-how with a percentage severity index (SI) score of 97% was responsible for low indigenous construction companies awards. This result indicates that the multinational construction companies are dominating the construction industry.
Parental Care of Ornamental Discus Fish , Symphysodon sp . ( Heckel , 1840 )

The protein content in mucus of discus fish at stages of breeding time and non-breeding time, behavior and relationship between the parents and offsprings during a breeding period were studied in the present work. In discus fish, both parents provided offsprings with mucus secretions to feed after hatching. Mucus protein content was highest at the time of laying eggs. Protein content of premature fish was the lowest. Relationship between parents and fry increased the maximum around the first 15 free-swimming day which exhibited a steady increase in biting rate. Parental care found in discus was unique.
BIOEFFICACY STUDIES OF NEW FUNGICIDE MOLECULES ( RIDOMIL GOLD 68 % WP ) AGAINST LEAF SPOT AND FRUIT SPOT / ROT OF POMEGRANATE

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), an ancient and commercially important fruit of both tropical and subtropical countries, belongs to the smallest botanical family punicaceae. It is known as the ‘fruit of paradise’ native of Iran, but spread to the Mediterranean countries at an early date. Pomegranate is a crop of high impact and is a vital cash crop of India gaining greater economic importance. In India, it is grown in an area of 113 ha with a production of 745 milloin tons (Anonymous, 2012-2013). Among the different states growing pomegranate, Maharashtra is the largest producer occupying 2/3rd of total area in the country followed by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan (Sannakki and Rajpurohit, 2015). In India, it is regarded as a “vital cash crop”. The fruit is symbolic for its cool, refreshing juice and valued for its medicinal properties. However, the crop is under threat due to number of serious diseases such as bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.punicae), wilt due to Ceratocystis fimbriata, anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) and leaf spot and severe fruit rotting due to Alternaria alternata, Cercospora sp. , Pseudocercospora sp. , Drechslera sp. and Sphaceloma sp.etc.,take a heavy toll on the crop (Khosla and Bhardwaj, 2013). Among these, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler has caused severe infections in pomegranate growing areas of Tamil Nadu, India. The pathogen A. alternata responsible for fruit rot was first reported in India by Madhukar and Reddy (1976) and subsequently from USA, Mexico (Farr et al., 2007). Leaf spot and fruit rot has been noticed in northern Karnataka including Bijapur, Bagalkot and Koppal districts with disease incidence ranging from 15-80% in almost all the pomegranate growing areas. This results in drastic reduction in the yield as well as ultimate marketability by way of severe spotting on the fruit. In view of importance of the crop and effect of fungal diseases on yield, there is need for the development of effective control methods.
Radio Propagation Measurement and Characterization in Outdoor Tall Food Grass Agriculture Field for Wireless Sensor Network at 2.4 GHz Band

This paper describes the radio propagation measurement campaign in a sugarcane field representing a tall food grass characteristic which is one of the common types of outdoor agriculture environments. The measurement was conducted by using a channel sounder having a bandwidth of 45.6 MHz at 2.45 GHz with the aim of investigating the propagation channel characteristics which are useful in deploying wireless sensor networks in precision agriculture. By analogy with the Ikegami model, the variation of the path loss over the relative angles between the plant rows and the line-ofsight direction from the transmitter to the receiver is identified. Utilizing this knowledge, this work justifies the procedure of predicting the path loss at any point in the field by a few measurement efforts. Furthermore, the Rician K-factor and root-mean-square delay spread are investigated for vegetation depths less than 40 m. The result shows that the relationship between the Rician K-factor and its corresponding path loss value in each measurement point can be fitted with the log-linear line. This leads to the possibility of predicting the K-factor at any point in the field. In addition, because the result of the root-mean-square delay spread is independent of the vegetation depth and the density of the plant, it is represented by the statistical model in which the Weibull distribution provides the best representation.
Identification of Importance Levels of Market Risks in the Construction Sector

Abstract Due to the economic crisis, the Brazilian construction companies faced the challenge of remaining competitive in the market, therefore they need to be restructured. Construction projects are intrinsically risky because it changes the environment both physically and socially. Given this complexity and the great exposure to risk, this research aims to evaluate the market risks in construction projects through a field research, analyzing the perception and judgment of professionals in the area. The data analysis was performed by a multivariate index based on the statistical technique Factor Analysis that can be ordered by risk factors by degree of importance. It was possible to confirm the degree of correlation between the subgroups of risk factors and to establish a ranking of the degree of their importance, and the first one considered more relevant was the risk of reducing the quality of the workforce. It was also identified the low maturity in risk management in organizations, even though in civil works a thorough risk analysis is required.
Tomato Second Cycle Hybrids Differ from Parents at Three Levels of Genetic Variation

Second Cycle Hybrids (SCHs) are produced by intercrossing Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) derived from the F2 generation of two homozygous parents. Three tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) SCHs were obtained by crossing six RILs derived from an interspecific cross S. lycopersicum x S. pimpinellifolium. The objective was to characterize these SCHs and their parental RILs at different levels of genetic variation to understand the genetic causes underlying outperforming of these new genetic combinations. Fruit quality traits, pericarp polypeptide profiles at four ripening stages and AFLP were assessed. The degree of genetic determination and the degree of dominance were calculated for phenotypic traits, and the molecular polymorphism was evaluated for polypeptide and AFLP profiles. SCHs contributed with extreme values for some fruit quality traits, for which non additive gene actions were prevalent. Molecular differences were higher for polypeptide than for AFLP profiles, de novo bands being relevant to explain the increase in SCHs polymorphism. Cluster analysis showed different association among SCHs and RILs according to the level of genetic variation under study, providing a first advance for understanding the biological basis underlying the SCHs outperforming. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Extreme Speech and Global Digital Cultures — Introduction

In this article, we introduce the Special Section on Extreme Speech and Global Digital Cultures by developing the concept of “extreme speech. ” In addressing the growing cultures of online vitriol and extremism, this concept advances a critical ethnographic sensibility to situated online speech cultures and a comparative global conversation that moves beyond the legal-normative debates that have been dominant in North America and Europe. We demonstrate this intervention by highlighting three interlinked arguments: Extreme speech inhabits a spectrum of practices rather than a binary opposition between acceptable and unacceptable speech; the sociotechnological aspects of new media embody a context in itself; and the violence of extreme speech acts is productive of identity in historically specific ways. This approach entails a methodological move that takes account of the meanings online users attach to vitriol as historical actors. It thus allows for critical frameworks to emerge from emic terms of action rather than moral concepts superimposed from the outside. Ethnographic explorations of extreme speech, we suggest, open up a new avenue to critique the contemporary global conjuncture of exclusionary politics.
Ultrastructural Characterization of Marine Chlorellae. I. Chlorella ovalis

The ultrastructure of Chlorella ovalis has been studied. This investigation has allowed to evidence important systematic features as the cup shape of the plastid and the presence of a central pyrenoid in it. Moreover a mitochondrial reticulum and an origin of the Golgi apparatus from the nuclear envelope have been observed.
Effects of Rattan Particle Treatments on the Strength and Sorption Properties of Cement Bonded Composites

The effects of pre-treatments on the strength and sorption properties of rattan cement composites were investigated. Two rattan species (Eremospatha macrocarpa (EM) and Laccosperma secundiflorum (LS) canes) were cold water extracted, treated with 3% CaCl or Al (SO ) and compared 2 2 4 3 with control (untreated particles) . The particles (either 0.85 or 1.0 mm particle size) were used to produce cement bonded composites at 5 and 10% rattan content. Composites were tested for flexural strength and water resistance after 28 days of curing. Composites made from EM particles had higher flexural modulus of rupture than those from LS but the difference in the flexural modulus of elasticity between the two species was not significant. Pre-treatments of the particles caused significant reduction in the water absorption and thickness swell. CaCl treatment significantly improved the strength and sorption 2 properties than cold water or Al (SO ) treated composites. Also, increased particle size and rattan content 2 4 3 reduced the strength properties and water resistance of the rattan cement composites.
Hepatotoxic effects of Aqueous Extract of Psychotria Microphylla leaves on Clarias giriepinus Juveniles

Psychotria microphylla (Akwukwo iyi, Igbo) is one of the common herbs used to harvest fish from rivers and streams by many villages in South-East Nigeria and not much, if any, has been reported on the toxicity of this plant. The results showed that the mean values of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin increased significantly (p< 0.05), while total proteins and albumin siginificantly reduced (P<0.05). The histological analysis of the hepatic tissues of exposed fish showed congestion of central vein, vacoulation of hepatocyte, cellular infiltration and cellular necrosis. Thus aqueous extract of psychotra microphylla leaves is hepatotoxic to C. garienipinus and caused hepatic lesion after 15 days of exposure
Open Peer Commentary Commentary on ‘Dissonance/roughness and tonality perception in Lithuanian traditional Schwebungsdiaphonie

Rytis Ambrazevi č ius’ article opens an interesting and by today not much investigated topic: differing notions of dissonance and roughness in Shwebungsdiaphonie musical cultures. This work rises from author’s long lasting continuous work on psychoacoustics, as well as from his rich experience both in scientific and in practical approach to traditional music.
Board Characteristics and Bank ’ s Portfolio Risk

This study aims to analyze the effect of the characteristics of boards on bank portfolio risk. Using data from 74 commercial banks in Indonesia in 2011-2017, this research performs panel data regression. The result of data analysis using panel data fixed-effect model shows that the characteristics of directors, age, gender, and the education level have influences on bank portfolio risk. Moreover, bank-specific factors such as the size of the managed public savings, the number of loans granted, the level of profitability also have significant effects on the level of bank risk. These results indicate that the characteristics of the board of directors, as the specific factors of banks, influence the level of risk of banks in Indonesia.
Phenotypic Characterization of a Microbe Producing Substances for Oxidative Stress Resistance Isolated from the Deep Seawater in Izu-Akazawa, Japan

In this study, we tried to isolate microbes from a bag lter (BF) which was used to remove suspended solids from deep seawater (DSW) at a DSW pumping station in Izu-Akazawa, Shizuoka prefecture, Japan. As a result, 941 strains were isolated and only 10 strains from all the isolates showed a resistant e ect against oxidative stress. The one strain which showed the highest ability of oxidative stress resistance among 10 strains was called strain “No. 586”, and its 16S rRNA sequence analysis was performed. As a result, the homology of strain No. 586 matched Pseudoalteromonas denitri cans JCM21248 at 98.07%. After comparing the phenotypic characteristics of strain No. 586 and the type strain, it was shown that there were di erences in the growth temperature and the color of the colony between the two strains. Furthermore, the resistant e ect of strain No. 586 against oxidative stress was remarkably higher than that of the type strain.
Impact of Neurotransmitters, Emotional Intelligence and Personality on Investor's Behavior and Investment Decisions

Mainstream of the investors and investment advisory consultants suggest and focus on standard finance models and do not take into account the behavioral and neurological dimensions of finance as neurotransmitters, emotional intelligence and personality of investors. These aspects of individual investors can cause of several mistakes while investing in stock market. The primary data of 455 investors from Pakistan Stock Exchanges is used for analysis. The data analysis performed with the help of Hierarchical Latent Variable Models in PLS-SEM by using the reflective-formative type constructs as guided by Becker et al., (2012). The empirical evidence of the study reveals that personality dimensions especially openness and consciousness as well as emotional intelligence dimensions especially self emotions apraisal and regulation of emotions have significant relations with the behavioral features of investor especially investment horizon, personalization of loss and control level. Similarly, neurotransmitter’s dimensions dopamine and epinephrine have significant relation with investment decisions of indiviual investors. In view of this, emotional intelligence, neurotransmitters and personality collectively have 13.2% impact on ivestor behavior and these dimensions collectively have 4.1% impact on investment decisions of individual investor. The study opens new horizon by providing supplemented inner view of investor’s behavior and their decision’s in the stock market of Pakistan and demands more effort to determine universal latent constructs for combine model of neurofinance and behavioral finance. However, limitation of study is that it does not analyze the current model beyond the current sample size for stock market of other regions of the world.
Community Awareness and Adaptation Strategy to the Effect of Climate Change in Yobe State , Nigeria

-This study assessed community awareness and adaptation strategy to effect of climate change in Yobe state, Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select 160 respondents in the state. Primary data collected from the respondents included the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents such as gender, age, marital status, and educational qualification, as well as their climate change awareness and adaptation strategy. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Majority of the respondents in the state had low awareness to climate change and submitted that climate change has affected their socio-economic and agricultural activities in recent years. The effects identified were: reduced crop yield, shortage of water and biomass for animals due to low rainfall. It was also noticed that, there were frequent dry spells, cold spells, strong winds and thunderstorms. Similarly, high temperature causes wilting of crops and diseases. The respondents are making efforts to adapt to climate change in various ways such as planting resistant crop varieties, altering planting schedules, planting early maturing varieties and crop diversification. They however lack adequate information on how to adapt. It thus recommended that, adequate information and sensitization from the site of the government, nongovernmental organizations and communities should be made available. Hence, appropriate technology as well as inputs should equally be made available in the study area. KeyWords--Adaptation, community awareness, climate change,