Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contaminant impact on interactions of molecular probes with lysosomes in living hepatocytes from dab Limanda limanda

During the Bremerhaven Workshop, effects of contaminants along a well characterised North Sea contaminant gradient heading northwest of the port of Bremerhaven in the German Bight were determined in dab Limanda lirnanda using i n vitro techniques on isolated hepatocytes. Results demonstrated that lysosomal membrane integrity was impaired following contaminant exposure which resulted in an inability to retain the supravital dye neutral red and in reduced lysosomal uptake of the fluorescent probe acridine orange. There was an improvement in the condition of exposed hepatocytes in samples taken further offshore, and away from the source of the contaminant, however, this trend was reversed in samples taken from the furthermost station on the northeast tail of the Dogger Bank. These findings are related to the histopathological evidence of abnormal lysosomal enlargement and disturbance of liver cell structure.
Avian Influenza : Critical Considerations for the Primary Care Physician

n 1997, several individuals became infected with an emerging strain of avian influenza, H5N1, which was associated with diseased chickens, resulting in the almost total destruction of Hong Kong poultry flocks. Intentional culling allowed the attenuation of the infection. Since 2003, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A H5N1 has re-emerged, starting in Southeast Asia, spreading through Eurasia and into Europe, leaving more than 140 million dead birds and killing more than 50% of the more than 244 persons infected as of September 2006 (Table 1). Scientists believe the influenza virus causing the pandemic of 1918 began as an avian influenza strain. Unlike usual patterns of fatality associated with seasonal influenza— specifically, occurring among the very young and elderly—the 1918 pandemic and the current situation with H5N1 both involve all age groups.
Smart capital in German start-ups – an empirical analysis

What kind of smart capital relational investors actually supply, especially in a bank-based financial system such as the German one, is still an open question. We divide smart capital into single components and conduct a survey with 85 German suppliers of start-up finance. The results show that the degree of ‘smartness’ is determined by the financial product used and partly also by the financiers' institutional background and business strategy, the expected time-horizon of the investment and the stage of development of the firm financed. However, we find that all types of financiers offer smart capital, at least up to a certain level.
21 cm angular-power spectrum from the dark ages

At redshifts z > or approx. 30 neutral hydrogen gas absorbs cosmic microwave background radiation at the 21 cm spin-flip frequency. In principle this is observable and a high-precision probe of cosmology. We calculate the linear-theory angular-power spectrum of this signal and cross correlation between redshifts on scales much larger than the linewidth. In addition to the well-known redshift distortion and density perturbation sources, a full linear analysis gives additional contributions to the power spectrum. On small scales there is a percent-level linear effect due to perturbations in the 21 cm optical depth, and perturbed recombination modifies the gas temperature perturbation evolution (and hence spin temperature and 21 cm power spectrum). On large scales there are several post-Newtonian and velocity effects; although negligible on small scales, these additional terms can be significant at l < or approx. 100 and can be nonzero even when there is no background signal. We also discuss the linear effect of reionization rescattering, which damps the entire spectrum and gives a very small polarization signal on large scales. On small scales we also model the significant nonlinear effects of evolution and gravitational lensing. We include full results for numerical calculation and also various approximate analyticmore » results for the power spectrum and evolution of small-scale perturbations. « less
Can Cancellara Really be a Flandrien? Ethno-Cultural Identity Representation Predicts Regional Exclusivity of a Historically Contested Cycling Term

In Flanders the term flandrien refers to cyclists who display a strong work ethic, great perseverance, are powerful and who perform best in adverse weather conditions. Until the 1960s, only leading cyclists originating from the province of West- and East-Flanders were considered as flandriens. After 1960, the media extended the use of this term to Belgian cyclists in general and even to international cyclists. The present study examined whether Flemish citizens agree with this generalization considering that the term flandrien still plays a highly symbolical role in the public discourse on Flemish identity. First, the main aim was to investigate whether having an ethno-cultural identity representation of the Flemish identity is positively related to perceived regional exclusivity of the term flandrien. Second, this study explored whether Flemish identification moderates this relation (i.e. this relation is only expected for high identifiers) and also predicts Flemings’ regional exclusivity of the term. Results revealed that the more Flemings endorse an ethno-cultural identity representation the more they consider a flandrien as an exclusively Flemish cyclist, and the less they will include international cyclists in their consideration of a flandrien. Flemish identification did not moderate this relation but did predict the consideration of a flandrien as a Flemish cyclist. These findings indicate that the current interpretation of the historical cycling term flandrien is influenced by cultural conceptualizations of Flemish identity.
A Closed-Form Expression for Direct Detection Transmission Systems With Kramers-Kronig Receiver

In recent years, direct detection (DD) transmission with Kramers–Kronig (KK) receiver has attracted a lot of attention as a promising technology for short reach and metro applications due to its capability of electronic chromatic dispersion compensation and the possibility of canceling completely the signal–signal beat interference resulted from the nonlinearity of the photodiode. However, the achievable performance of DD transmission with KK receiver is still not well understood, especially in the presence of the laser phase noise which would strongly interact with both optical carrier and chromatic dispersion during propagation. In this letter, for the first time, we derive a closed-form expression for estimating the achievable performance of DD transmission with KK receiver under the influence of laser phase noise, taking into account the phase-to-amplitude noise conversion and equalization-enhanced phase noise phenomena. In comparison with Monte Carlo simulation, our model shows less than 0.2-dB discrepancy for a wide range of systems parameters, indicating its high accuracy.
Do Deauville Scores Improve the Clinical Utility of End-of-Therapy FDG PET Scans for Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma?

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of Deauville scores in interpretation of end-of-chemotherapy FDG PET scans. CONCLUSION Deauville scores improve the clinical utility of end-of-chemotherapy PET, as evidenced by an increase in positive predictive value to 72.7% from 44.4% on the basis of report alone. The negative predictive value remains greater than 95%.
Care in practice: on tinkering in clinics, homes and farms

In what way is "care" a matter of "tinkering"? Rather than presenting care as a (preferably "warm") relation between human beings, the various contributions to the volume give the material world (usually cast as "cold") a prominent place in their analysis. Thus, this book does not continue to oppose care and technology, but contributes to rethinking both in such a way that they can be analysed together. Technology is not cast as a functional tool, easy to control it is shifting, changing, surprising and adaptable. In care practices all "things" are (and have to be) tinkered with persistently. Knowledge is fluid, too. Rather than a set of general rules, the knowledges (in the plural) relevant to care practices are as adaptable and in need of adaptation as the technologies, the bodies, the people, and the daily lives involved.
Can Your DNA Influence Your Bet-Placing? The Impact of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Gene on Gambling Tasks

Are we placing a bet by ourselves or has our DNA already made the decision for us? Previous research has suggested that some genes related to dopamine or serotonin can influence our non-bet-placing decision-making, but little is known about whether cannabinoid-related genes can impact how much people bet. To investigate this issue, we focused on rs1049353, a single-nucleotide polymorphism of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1), because it is related to addictive behavior and reward processing. In this study (N = 377), we used a modified Cambridge gambling task to test the effect of rs1049353 polymorphism on how much people bet. We found that participants who are homozygous for C allele placed significantly larger bets than C/T carriers [F(1,371) = 7.805, P = 0.005]. We further studied the gene expression map in human brains and found that the CNR1 gene is overexpressed in striatum, amygdala, and hippocampus. These brain structures are known to underpin reward and risk processing. Our findings suggest that, to some extent, high-level social decision-making even like bet-placing could be influenced by a single genetic locus variation in healthy volunteers. In addition, such effects were likely to be mediated by key brain regions in the reward- and risk-processing networks.
The search for the ejecting chair: a mixed-methods analysis of tool use in a sedentary behavior intervention.

Research is needed on interventions targeting sedentary behavior with appropriate behavior-change tools. The current study used convergent sequential mixed methods (QUAN + qual) to explore tool use during a edentary behavior intervention. Data came from a two-arm randomized sedentary behavior pilot intervention. Participants used a number of intervention tools (e.g., prompts and standing desks). Separate mixed-effects regression models explored associations between change in number of tools and frequency of tool use with two intervention targets: change in sitting time and number of sit-to-stand transitions overtime. Qualitative data explored participants' attitudes towards intervention tools. There was a significant relationship between change in total tool use and sitting time after adjusting for number of tools (β = -12.86, p = .02), demonstrating that a one-unit increase in tool use was associated with an almost 13 min reduction in sitting time. In contrast, there was a significant positive association between change in number of tools and sitting time after adjusting for frequency of tool use (β = 63.70, p = .001), indicating that increasing the number of tools without increasing frequency of tool use was associated with more sitting time. Twenty-four semistructured interviews were coded and a thematic analysis revealed four themes related to tool use: (a) prompts to disrupt behavior; (b) tools matching the goal; (c) tools for sit-to-stand were ineffective; and (d) tool use evolved over time. Participants who honed in on effective tools were more successful in reducing sitting time. Tools for participants to increase sit-to-stand transitions were largely ineffective.This study is registered at clincialtrials.gov. Identifier: NCT02544867.
Quantitative analysis of opioids and cannabinoids in wastewater samples

ABSTRACT Wastewater-based epidemiology is an innovative approach that uses the analysis of human excretion products in wastewater to obtain information about exposure to drugs in defined population groups. We developed and validated an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of opioids (morphine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone and hydromorphone), and cannabinoids (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) and THCCOOH-glucuronide) in raw-influent wastewater samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Method validation included linearity (5–1 000 ng/L for opioids, 10–1 000 ng/L for cannabinoids), imprecision (<21.2%), accuracy (83%–131%), matrix effect (from –35.1% to –14.7%) and extraction efficiency (25%–84%), limit of detection (1–5 ng/L) and quantification (5–10 ng/L) and auto-sampler stability (no loss detected). River and wastewater samples were collected in triplicate from different locations in New York City and stored at −20 °C until analysis. Water from sewage overflow location tested positive for morphine (10.7 ng/L), oxycodone (4.2–23.5 ng/L), oxymorphone (4.8 ng/L) and hydromorphone (4.2 ng/L). Raw influent wastewater samples tested positive for morphine (133.0–258.3 ng/L), oxycodone (31.1–63.6 ng/L), oxymorphone (16.0–56.8 ng/L), hydromorphone (6.8–18.0 ng/L), hydrocodone (4.0–12.8 ng/L) and THCCOOH (168.2–772.0 ng/L). This method is sensitive and specific for opioids and marijuana determination in wastewater samples.
The Implementation of the FAA Industry Training Program in Technically Advanced Aircraft (TAA): Lessons Learned

The proliferation of aircraft with extensive automation, collectively known as Technically Advanced Aircraft (TAA) within the last 10 years in the General Aviation industry has led to a novel approach in flight training. The FAA implemented the FAA-Industry Training Standards (FITS) program that emphasizes the importance of “real world” training exercises in the form of scenario training. The FITS curriculum, which was first empirically tested by Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), was developed by Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and the University of North Dakota through the FAA Air Transportation Center of Excellence for General Aviation. Over the last four years MTSU has evaluated the FITS training approach with students in a FAR 141 accepted, combined Private Certificate/Instrument Rating syllabus in TAA. Our findings indicate the need for inclusion of several maneuver-based lessons that facilitate the physical skills training required for some tasks (e.g. landing), early in the FITS syllabus. The importance of consequences in the flight scenarios, the intensive flight instructor training required prior to FITS implementation, and the incorporation of new elements into the ground school portion of the curriculum are all “lessons learned” over the last several years of FITS implementation at MTSU.
Recurrence and Familial Inheritance of Intronic NIPBL Pathogenic Variant Associated With Mild CdLS

Splicing pathogenic variants account for a notable fraction of NIPBL alterations underlying Cornelia de Lange syndrome but are likely underrepresented, due to overlooking of non-canonical intronic variants by traditional and contemporary sequencing methods. We describe five subjects, belonging to three families, displaying a mild Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype who carry the NIPBL pathogenic variant c.5329–15A>G, affecting the IVS27 branch site, yet reported in a single case. By RNA analysis we evidenced two alternative transcripts: the exon 28 in frame skipped transcript, described in the published case and an out-of-frame transcript retaining 14 nucleotides of IVS27 3′end. Even if both aberrant transcripts are at negligible levels, their presence justifies the CdLS phenotype shared by our patients consisting of borderline-mild cognitive impairment and slight but typical facial dysmorphisms. Transmission of the pathogenic variant from pauci-symptomatic mother to her siblings emphasizes the need of molecular diagnosis extended to deep intronic regions in patients with subtle but recognizable CdLS phenotype.
Multi Model Image Fusion of Spine for Disc Degeneration

Degenerative Disc Disease is a condition which is both asymptomatic and causes various complications to the spine if not treated including low back pain. The lumbar region is most susceptible to this condition since it supports the trunk and distributes forces and pressure to lower body during everyday activities. This study is focused on utilizing CT Scan image of lumbar to generate a Finite Element Model of L3L4 spine segment via image processing and computer-aided engineering. The methodology used to generate the components of a motion segment is detailed in this study. Furthermore, the study also involves analysis of Range of Motion for both normal disc and mild degeneration disc. Validation of model is performed using RoM and literature values, where the model is successfully validated. RoM is also obtained for mildly degenerated disc and related comparisons between the two models are presented.
Trabajo en producción de comidas: consecuencias en la alimentación y estado nutricional de los trabajadores

espanolEl objetivo del presente estudio es identificar la relacion entre trabajar en la produccion de comidas y la alimentacion y estado nutricional de trabajadores que desarrollan su labor en ese sector. Se trata de una investigacion cualitativa y descriptiva desarrollada como estudio de caso, utilizando el abordaje del Analisis Ergonomico del Trabajo. La recopilacion de datos se realizo a traves de entrevistas con trabajadores y observacion directa de actividades desarrolladas en el puesto de trabajo. Ademas, se recogieron datos sobre el Indice de Masa Corporal, el riesgo de enfermedad metabolica asociada a la obesidad, el gasto energetico y el consumo de comida durante el trabajo. Los resultados demuestran que la mayoria de los trabajadores presenta un gasto energetico significativo en relacion a las actividades que realizaban durante su turno de trabajo. Sin embargo, en la evaluacion del estado nutricional se pudo evidenciar que solamente dos trabajadores presentaran eutrofia mientras los demas presentaran exceso de peso. El tipo de comida que era consumida por la mayoria de los trabajadores se caracteriza por ser hiperlipidica e hipoglicidica. Ademas, las personas estudiadas tenian el habito de picar entre horas, probablemente debido a que, por un lado, pasaba demasiado tiempo entre una comida y la siguiente y por el otro, estaban constantemente en contacto directo con los alimentos preparados. Por ello, se ha podido evidenciar que, en este caso, el lugar de trabajo y sus caracteristicas representan una fuerte influencia en el estado nutricional y el tipo de alimentacion de los trabajadores estudiados EnglishThe present study aimed to identify the relationship between the nature of work with food production and eating habits, as well as the nutritional status of operators. This qualitative and descriptive research was developed as a case study, with the use of Work Ergonomic Analysis. Data was collected through interviews with the operators, and direct and equipped observation of the activities carried out during their work. Body mass index was also assessed, along with the risk of metabolic disease associated with obesity, as well as energy expenditure and food intake during work shifts. The results show that most operators had highenergy expenditure due to the activities carried out during their work shifts. However, the nutritional status assessment showed that only two operators were eutrophic and the others were overweight. Food intake was characterized by hyperlipidic and hyperglycemic diets. The operators reported regular food intake during the intervals between meals, possibly because of the long time gap between them and the direct contact with the meals they serve. In conclusion, it was observed that the place of work and its characteristics highly influenced nutritional status and eating practices of the operators.
Harrison's Nephrology and Acid-Base Disorders

Contributors Preface SECTION I: INTRODUCTION TO THE RENAL SYSTEM 1. Basic Biology of the Kidney, Alfred L. George, Jr., Eric G. Neilson 2. Adaptation of the Kidney to Renal Injury, Raymond C. Harris, Jr., Eric G. Neilson SECTION II: ALTERATIONS OF RENAL FUNCTION AND ELECTROLYTES 3. Azotemia and Urinary Abnormalities, Bradley M. Denker, Barry M. Brenner 4. Atlas of Urinary Sediments and Renal Biopsies, Agnes B. Fogo, Eric G. Neilson 5. Acidosis and Alkalosis, Thomas D. DuBose, Jr. 6. Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances, Gary G. Singer, Barry M. Brenner 7. Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia, Sundeep Khosla 8. Hyperuricemia and Gout, Robert L. Wortmann, H. Ralph Schumacher, Lan X. Chen 9. Nephrolithiasis, John R. Asplin, Fredric L. Coe, Murray J. Favus SECTION III: ACUTE AND CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE 10. Acute Renal Failure, Kathleen D. Liu, Glenn M. Chertow 11. Chronic Kidney Disease, Joanne M. Bargman, Karl Skorecki 12. Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure, Kathleen D. Liu, Glenn M. Chertow 13. Transplantation in the Treatment of Renal Failure, Charles B. Carpenter, Edgar L. Milford, Mohamed H. Sayegh 14. Infections in Transplant Recipients, Robert Finberg, Joyce Fingeroth SECTION IV: GLOMERULAR AND TUBULAR DISORDERS 15. Glomerular Diseases, Julia B. Lewis, Eric G. Neilson 16. Polycystic Kidney Disease and Other Inherited Tubular Disorders, David J. Salant, Parul S. Patel 17. Tubulointerstitial Diseases of the Kidney, Alan S. L. Yu, Barry M. Brenner SECTION V: RENAL VASCULAR DISEASE 18. Vascular Injury to the Kidney, Kamal F. Badr, Barry M. Brenner 19. Hypertensive Vascular Disease, Theodore A. Kotchen SECTION VI: URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AND OBSTRUCTION 20. Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis, Walter E. Stamm 21. Urinary Tract Obstruction, Julian L. Seifter, Barry M. Brenner SECTION VII: CANCER OF THE KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT 22. Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinomas, Howard I. Scher, Robert J. Motzer Appendix: Laboratory Values of Clinical Importance, Alexander Kratz, Michael A. Pesce, Daniel J. Fink Review and Self-Assessment: Charles Wiener, Gerald Bloomfield, Cynthia D. Brown, Joshua Schiffer, Adam Spivak Index
Analysis and simulation of the buffered-expanded delta fast packet switch

The expanded delta fast packet switch (EDFPS) was proposed for ATM switching. It is constructed by interleaving L delta networks, and it employs a combined external input-output buffering strategy. It was shown that the EDFPS achieves high performance using relatively small values of L. This paper describes an internally-buffered version of the EDFPS. The resulting switch preserves cell-sequencing and employs distributed control concepts. The performance of the switch is evaluated using both analysis and simulation. It is shown that by using internal node buffering, the value of L needed to achieve high performance is significantly reduced. In particular, an L of 4 combined with a single buffer at each switching element inlet results in above 95% maximum throughput for a very large-size switch. Finally, the buffered-EDFPS is examined against nonuniform traffic.
Hearing “That’s So Gay” and “No Homo” on Campus and Substance Use Among Sexual Minority College Students

ABSTRACT Sexual orientation microaggressions are common on college campuses and can contribute to negative outcomes; yet little is known about their relationship with substance use outcomes. Among a convenience sample of cisgender sexual minority college students (n= 574; 57.0% female, 24.9% people of color, 50.7% gay/lesbian; 72.4% public school) from 37 states (67.8% Midwest), this analysis investigates the association between hearing “that’s so gay” and “no homo” on campus and hazardous alcohol use and the frequency of illicit drug use. Using multivariable regression analyses, the commonly heard phrases “that’s so gay” and “no homo” were each found to significantly increase the risk for hazardous drinking and the frequency of drug use among students. Efforts should be made to create more welcoming campus climates for sexual minority students by reducing the use of these microaggressions and, in the meantime, offering supports to mitigate their harmful effects.