Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surgical resection of tumor bulk in the primary treatment of ovarian carcinoma.

Abstract The effect of tumor bulk resection on survival was studied in 102 patients with stages II and III ovarian cancer. A multiple linear regression equation provuded both simultenaous control of multiple confounding variables and an assessment of these variables as independent predictors of survival. The most important factors were the histologic grade of the tumor and the size of the largest residual tumor mass after operation. Survival time was uniformly poor if the diameter of the largest residual tumor mass exceeded 1.5 cm irrespective of total tumor volume (mean=12.7 months, SE=1.6 mo). Survival time was inversely proportional to residual mass size under 1.6 cm, and surgery improved survival relative to reduction in mass size below this limit. Extensive resections of tumor bulk with failure to remove all masses greater than 1.5 cm in diameter did not influence survival. Surgery provides optimum benefit when all gross tumor can be excised safely.
Factors Affecting End of Treatment Symptom Severity for Children Receiving Trauma-Informed Evidence-Based Treatment

OF DISSERTATION FACTORS AFFECTING END OF TREATMENT SYMPTOM SEVERITY FOR CHILDREN RECEIVING TRAUMA-INFORMED EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENT The purpose of this project is to examine how the factors of gender, placement status, type of treatment, the number of different types of trauma experienced, and a child’s age at the start of treatment may influence end of treatment symptom severity scores for children ages 2-12 years who received trauma-informed evidence-based treatment for trauma. Method: Caregivers and children receiving outpatient services (N=134) completed the Child Behavioral Checklist, Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children, and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children-Alternate Version at baseline and end of treatment. Hypotheses were tested with a series of ANCOVA analyses, Independent t-Tests, and a Paired Samples t-Test. Results: While statistically significant improvements were found between baseline and termination outcome scores regardless of treatment type, TF-CBT was found to more successfully reduce externalizing and total problem scores at termination compared to PCIT. Despite the relatively young age of this sample, significant differences in externalizing and total problem scores on the CBCL were found for older children at the end of treatment. No significant differences were found between pre-and post-test internalizing and externalizing scale scores for either TF-CBT or PCIT. Additionally, examination of caregiver and child daily functioning scale scores indicated improved ratings of daily functioning from baseline to the end of treatment. Implications: Behavior problems stemming from traumatic exposure may resolve differently from behaviors that result from environmental factors apart from trauma. Trauma recovery is dependent upon successful matching of client characteristics and need to treatment type. Practitioners are encouraged to be mindful of the specialized needs of older children who are seeking treatment. Research that focuses on clarifying the factors that differentiate symptom resolution can inform treatment selection decisions. Social work educators are encouraged to design curriculum that is trauma-informed with an emphasis on helping students learn how to think critically about a child’s needs and to integrate this knowledge into treatment decisions. The development of policies that incentivize agencies to provide evidence-based care can increase the availability of researchsupported care for trauma exposed youth.
EVALUASI ISI BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN SEJARAH PADA MASA ORDE BARU

Abstrak: Evaluasi Isi Buku Teks Pelajaran Sejarah pada Masa Orde Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mjengevaluasi isi buku teks sejarah untuk sekolah menengah pada masa Order Baru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan fokus pada analisis isi buku teks sejarah. Analisis dan evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kriteria Sartono dalam menulis sejarah nasional. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas buku teks sejarah sudah berkembang tetapi masih perlu perbaikan dalam hal pendekatan, kesamaan, dan integrasi nasional. Kata Kunci: evaluasi, pelajaran sejarah, buku teks, kesamaan, integrasi nasional Abstract: An Evaluation of The History Textbooks in The New Order Era. This study aimed to evaluate the content of history textbooks for high schools in the New Order era. The research method used was qualitative, focusing on the content analysis of history textbooks. The analysis and evaluation used Sartono’s criteria of writing the national history. The findings showed that the quality of history textbooks had already developed, but it needed improvement in approach, equity and national integration. Keywords: evaluation, history textbooks, equity, national integration
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN Translation Quality on Twitter Web Pages

This paper finds out the readers’ responses towards the quality of the translation in Twitter Web pages. A qualitative case study was employed in gaining the results of the study (Baxter and Jack, 2008; McMillan and Schumacher, 2003, cited in Syamsudin and Damayanti, 2007). The data were gained from the analysis of the translation quality supported by the translation procedures and an interview to five English students majoring Translation. The interview is intended to get which pages which are mostly visited by them and the opinions on the translation quality supporting the translation procedures theories. This study finds out that there are 170 phrases from 22 selected Twitter Web pages which were gained from the interviewees’ responses. The good characteristics of translation are achieved since the clarity and naturalness of the TL are maintained despite several improper translations. This research is expected that the translators, in relation to the characteristics of good translation, should create and choose natural and clear translation to achieve the goals to attain the real message of the text. Keywords : Translation, Translation Procedures, Twitter, Translation Quality
The Use of Multimedia Learning Tools to Facilitate Online Learning of Business Statistics

This study involved the development of multimedia movies covering the core concepts in an introductory business statistics course. The movies were designed to aid students in content mastery in an online course setting. Such tools are critical to online learning, particularly for courses requiring the acquisition of precision skills such as mathematics, engineering, computer programming, and the like. The movies incorporated the findings from multimedia instructional research regarding the most effective features in such tools. While the movies have been used in two online sections of the course, two of the movies were given more rigorous testing using a randomized design. Results indicated that students using the multimedia approach scored no differently from students receiving a traditional instructor led intervention. Further repetitions of the experiment will provide strength to this finding.
Gender Expression, Discrimination, and Health Among U.S. Adolescents and Young Adults: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches

Young people who are perceived as transgressing societal gender norms—that is, who have a nonconforming gender expression—are at heightened risk of discrimination and violence victimization in the U.S., which can adversely impact health. However, gender expression has been under-examined in public health, a gap this dissertation sought to address. The first two studies draw on the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), an ongoing cohort of the children of women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. The objective of the first study was to examine the relationship between gender nonconformity and health-related quality of life (HRQL), measured when participants were ages 18-31 years (n=8977). In multivariable regression models, higher levels of gender nonconformity were associated with higher risk of poor HRQL. Gender nonconforming young women had higher risk of functional limitations and pain relative to more conforming women, after adjusting for sexual orientation identity and potential confounders. Gender nonconformity was also associated with elevated risk of depression/anxiety among men and women. The second study extends this work by examining associations between gender nonconformity, reported gender expression-related discrimination, and depressive symptoms among GUTS sexual minority participants (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, mostly heterosexual; n=1328). High levels of gender expression discrimination were reported by both sexual minority women and men, particularly among the most gender nonconforming. Among women, discrimination modestly attenuated the association between gender nonconformity and depressive symptoms. The third study is a qualitative study of disordered eating and weight and shape control behaviors among young transgender women (i.e., individuals who were assigned a male sex at birth and identify as women). Through in-depth interviews with 21 low-income, ethnically diverse transgender women, this
Spoken and Written Language

This books identifies the important differences between speaking and writing. Halliday leads the reader from the development of speech in infancy, through an account of writing systems, to a comparative treatment of spoken and written language, contrasting the prosodic features and grammatical intricacy of speech with the high lexical density and grammatical metaphor or writing.
The epidemiology of prostate cancer among multiethnic men

ion of prostate cancer prevalence trends over time allows for the characterization of the study sample. The element of time in this analysis was survey year, which allows for the collection of prevalence data and not incidence data. The data were collected as ever diagnosed with prostate cancer and the cross section of time was when the data were collected rather than when the diagnosis occurred. Objective 1a: Describe prostate cancer prevalence trends over time by race/ethnicity (nonHispanic White, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black) Prostate cancer prevalence information was extracted from the NHIS sample adult file questionnaire. Men surveyed were asked if they had ever been diagnosed with prostate cancer. The standardized age-adjusted prevalence was calculated for all reported prostate cancer diagnoses by birthplace and by race/ethnicity for survey years 1999 through 2008. This was calculated by using the age-specific prevalence (count/age group population) x standard
Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Bayesian Statistics

Bayesian estimation via repeated sampling algorithms has opened new possibilities in analyzing complex statistical models and data sets. Such algorithms are now the standard for estimating parameters, making other inferences (e.g., posterior probabilities on hypotheses relating to parameters), and in model choice. A set of methods collectively known as Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithms is discussed as well as issues in their practical implementation. Keywords: Markov chain Monte Carlo; parameters; prior density; posterior inferences; Bayesian; model choice; posterior summary
English Weak Forms – A Challenge for Bulgarian Learners of English?: A Pedagogical Perspective

When learning a foreign language, the majority of students strive to achieve fluency, while a substantial part also aim at native-like proficiency in it. The latter try to adopt as many new items from the vocabulary stock, and grammatical structures from the foreign language, as possible. They try to imitate the way other people talk, behave and act. However, achieving a native-like proficiency in a foreign language is a daunting task, especially because apart from lexis and grammar, there come the phonetics and phonology of the foreign language as well. Actually, phonetics and phonology play quite a significant role in achieving a certain degree of fluency and many aspects of phonetics
e-Lexicography : the internet, digital initiatives and lexicography

Part I:Lexicography and the Internet: A Functional Approach to the Construction of Internet Dictionaries Introduction: The Construction of Internet Dictionaries, Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera & Henning Bergenholtz 1. Learning, Unlearning and Innovation in the Planning of Electronic Dictionaries, Rufus H. Gouws 2. Access to and Presentation of Needs-adapted Data in Monofunctional Internet Dictionaries, Henning Bergenholtz 3. Lexicographical and Other e-Tools for Consultation Purposes: Towards the Individualization of Needs Satisfaction, Sven Tarp 4. Filtering and Adapting Data and Information in the Online Environment in Response to User Needs, Theo Bothma 5. A Multi-layer Architecture for "Pluri-monofunctional" Dictionaries, Dennis Spohr 6 Change of Paradigm: From Linguistics to Information Science and from Dictionaries to Lexicographic Information Tools, Patrick Leroyer Part II: Internet Reference Tools 7. From Data to Dictionary, Sandro Nielsen & Richard Almind 8. Internet Dictionaries for Cognitive and Communicative Functions: El Diccionario Ingles-Espanol de Contabilidad, Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera & Marta Nino-Amo 9 A Dictionary is a Tool, a Good Dictionary is a Monofunctional Tool, Henning Bergenholtz & Inger Bergenholtz 10. The Technical Realization of Three Monofunctional Phrasal Verb Dictionaries, Birger Andersen & Richard Almind 11 Online Dictionaries of English, Robert Lew 12 E-Dictionaries in the Information Age: The Lexical Constellation Model (LCM) and the Definitional Construct, Aquilino Sanchez & Pascual Cantos 13. Modeling Interactive Reading, Translation and Writing Assistants, Serge Verlinde 14. Electronic Dictionaries as Tools: Towards an Assessment of Usability, Ulrich Heid 15. Conclusions: 10 Key Issues in e-Lexicography for the Future, Eva Samaniego Fernandez & Beatriz Perez Cabello de Alba References Index Notes on Contributors.
The excavation of pit circles at Romancamp Gate, Fochabers, Moray, 1990

The excavation was undertaken with the funding and support of Grampian Regional Council to test hypotheses relating to the interpretation of cropmark pit circles: were they Neolithic or Bronze Age ceremonial or funerary structures, or were they Iron Age houses, and to what extent could the two classifications be differentiated on aerial photographs? The excavation revealed the remains of four circles (between 8.5 m and 11.5 m in diameter) of large post- holes, fence lines (one with a gate), and many other pits and post-holes. Radiocarbon dates place the post circles late in the first millennium BC uncal. The pit circles may be interpreted as the main structural elements of four substantial round houses, two of which burned down. Flint tools of the Mesolithic period were recovered.
The effect of eccentric contraction velocity on muscle damage: A review

Abstract . The velocity at which eccentric exercise is performed may be a factor in the extent of muscular damage. However,studies differ regarding the exercise velocity that promotes greater muscle damage. The purpose of this review was to analyzestudies that looked into at least two different eccentric exercise velocities and veriﬁed markers of muscle damage. Relevantstudies for this review were identiﬁed and the methodological quality of each study was calculated based on the PhysiotherapyEvidence Database (PEDro) scale. Twelve studies were included herein. The mean PEDro rating was 6.67, ranging from 5to 7. Seven studies reported that the faster eccentric exercise velocity induced greater muscle damage. Four studies showedno differences between velocities and a single study has indicated a greater magnitude of muscle damage after slow eccentricexercise. Therefore, it seems that fast eccentric exercise may indeed be associated with greater muscle damage even thoughexercise velocity per se is not the main factor involved in eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in both animal and humanmodels.Keywords: Resistance training, muscle strength, creatine kinase, eccentric exercise
Ueber spezifische Immunkörper gegen Gonococcen

In No. 29 der Wiener klinischen Wochensehrift 1906 veröffentlichen Mtiller und Oppenheim einen Befund, den sie an dem Serum eines an Arthritis gonorrhoica leidenden Patienten erheben konnten. Es gelang ihnen mit Hilfe der von Wassermann und mir vorgeschlagenen Methode der Kornplementablenkung im Serum dieses Kranken einen spezifischen Antikörper gegenüber Gonococeensabstanzen in einwandfreier Weise aufzufinden. Diese Publikation gibt mir Veranlassung, in Kürze Versuche mitzuteilen, die ich in gleicher Richtung anstellte, und die mich, wenigstens teilweise, zu denselben Ergebnissen führten wie die der genannten Autoren. Nach meiner Uebersiedelung vom Berliner Institut für Infektionskrankheiten an die hiesige Klinik übergab mir mein jetziger Chef, Herr Geheimrat Neisser, dem ich für das große Interesse an diesen Untersuchungen zu größtem Danke verpflichtet bin, eine Reihe von Blutextrakten und Seren, die von Patientinnen mit gonorrhoischen Adnexerkrankungen stammten, 1) und veranlaßte mich, dieselben nach der von Wassermann und mir angegebenen Methode auf das Vorhandensein spezifischer Gonococcelisubstanzen, bzw. -Antikörper zu prüfen. Ich übergehe die Schilderung der genauen Versuchsanordnung und Kontrollen, da dieselben ja in unseren bezüglichen Publikationen2) ausführlich angegeben sind (jedesmalige gleichzeitige Prüfung normalen menschlichen Materials ! ). Zum Nachweis der Gonococcensubstanzen im Blute bediente ich mich eines durch Vorbehandlung von Kaninchen mit Gonococcenextrakten hergestellten und an diesen auf seine Wirksamkeit geprüften Immunserums; ebenso wurde als Antigen zum Nachweis spezifischer Antikörper im Blute wässeriger Gonococcenextrakt verwendet. Ich habe bisher sechs Fälle von sicher gonorrhoischen Adnexerkrankungen untersucht; der Nachweis kreisender Gonococcensubstanzen im Blut gelang nicht, dagegen fanden sich spezifische linmunkörper in zwei Fällen. 1m ersten Falle handelte es sich um eine frische Adnexerkrankung mit positivem Gonococcenbefund, im zweiten um eine etwa drei Wochen bestehende beiderseitige gonorrhoische Pyosalpinx mit Adhäsionen. In den übrigen Fällen fanden sich keine Antikörper, obwohl sie sich weder ihrem Verlaufe noch ihrer Dauer nach wesentlich von den erstgenannten unterschieden. Agglutinine oder Präzipitine ließen sich in keinem der Sera nachweisen. Ich habe ferner das Blut einiger Fälle von Epididymitis und chronischen Gonorrhöen nach beiden Richtungen hin untersucht stets aber mit negativem Resultate. Es geht also aus den mitgeteilten Fällen in Uebereinstimmung mit dem Befunde von Müller und Oppenheim hervor, daß es in der Tat zuweilen gelingt, im Blutserum von Menschen, die unter dem Einfluß von Gonococceninfektionen stehen, spezifische Immunkörper nachzuweisen. In erster Linie scheinen hier die Allgemeininfektionen und schwereren, durch Gonococeen gesetzten Veränderungen in Betracht zu kommen, und für die Diagnose dieser Erkrankungen dürfte sich vielleicht die genannte Methode mit Erfolg verwerten lassen. Doch müßten natürlich erst weitere Erfahrungen an größerem Material gesammelt werden.
Validity of the Two-Level Model for Viterbi Decoder Gap-Cycle Performance

A two-level model has previously been proposed for approximating the performance of a Viterbi decoder which encounters data received with periodically varying signal-to-noise ratio. Such cyclically gapped data is obtained from the Very Large Array (VLA), either operating as a stand-alone system or arrayed with Goldstone. This approximate model predicts that the decoder error rate will vary periodically between two discrete levels with the same period as the gap cycle. It further predicts that the length of the gapped portion of the decoder error cycle for a constraint length K decoder will be about K-1 bits shorter than the actual duration of the gap. The two-level model for Viterbi decoder performance with gapped data is subjected to detailed validation tests. Curves showing the cyclical behavior of the decoder error burst statistics are compared with the simple square-wave cycles predicted by the model. The validity of the model depends on a parameter often considered irrelevant in the analysis of Viterbi decoder performance, the overall scaling of the received signal or the decoder's branch-metrics. Three scaling alternatives are examined: optimum branch-metric scaling and constant branch-metric scaling combined with either constant noise-level scaling or constant signal-level scaling. The simulated decoder error cycle curves roughly verify the accuracy of the two-level model for both the case of optimum branch-metric scaling and the case of constant branch-metric scaling combined with constant noise-level scaling. However, the model is not accurate for the case of constant branch-metric scaling combined with constant signal-level scaling.
Current Issues in Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis in Malaria

Malaria is a protozoan infection (Najera H Murthy, 2000; Talib, 1996) causing nearly one million deaths mainly in African children and decreasing gross domestic product by as much as 1.3% in countries with high disease rates (World Health Organization [WHO], 2010). Approximately half of the world’s population is at risk of malaria and in 2008; malaria was present in 108 countries and territories of the world (WHO, 2010). The most specific at risk population groups include young children in stable transmission areas, non immune pregnant women, semi immune pregnant women irrespective of HIV status, people with HIV/AIDS, international travelers to malaria endemic from non endemic areas as well as immigrants from endemic areas and their children living in non endemic areas returning to their home countries to visit friends and relatives (WHO, 2010).
BUILDING MATERIALS AND ARCHITECTURAL MODELS IN LATE ROMAN TUSCANY. ARCHAEOMETRIC STUDIES ON MORTARS, STONES AND VITREOUS TESSERAE FROM “VILLA DELL’ORATORIO” (FLORENCE)

In the framework of the archeological investigations of an outstanding Roman Villas in Tuscany (Villa dell‟Oratorio, in the territory of Capraia e Limite, Florence), archaeometric studies have been perfomed with the aim to characterize building and decorative materials and retrace construction phases and manufacture technology. The Villas , built in the middle of the 4 th century, includes a hexagonal structure, about 30 meters in diameter, decorated with painted wall plasters and beautiful figurative floor mosaics. The structure is equipped with apsed rooms (at least 5), exhibiting similarity with some monumental triclinia of Constantinople and Rome. Archaeometric analyses have been carried out on mortars, stones and vitreous tesserae , with the aim to identify the raw materials and support the archaeological investigation about cultural models and economic status of the aristocratic owner in the Late Roman Tuscany. Mortars samples from different building units of the Villas have been studied through minero-petrographic and thermogravimetric methods. Stone tesserae have been analyzed by minero-petrographic and sedimentologic methods, to obtain information on the provenance of the raw materials used. Finally, Raman spectroscopy and SEM-EDS analyses have been performed on vitreous tesserae , to obtain information on colouring and opaquening agents. The studies carried out on the building elements suggested that, in spite of iconographic and architectural models proper of the great Mediterranean villae , local and spolia raw materials were used in this great construction work.