Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding professional development: Case studies of remedial support

Abstract This study reports on work undertaken by the Interactive Studies Unit (ISU), University of Birmingham. A total of 727 doctors were referred to the ISU for one-to-one remedial support in a variety of non-clinical areas between 2010 and 2018. The close-in scrutiny which one-to-one support offers provides an opportunity to study and reflect on such issues as values and professionalism, which are notoriously difficult to define or reach objective judgments about. There are fundamental difficulties, in particular, in inferring underlying values from an individual’s behavior. The basic taxonomy of referrals the ISU works with, and which echoes those developed elsewhere, considers problems as being at the level of the self, interactions with others, or working in an institutional or societal context. Six common generic problems are identified, and presented and discussed as generic cases. These are designed to be representative of the complex manner in which behavior and values interact, and problems at the three levels above impinge on each other. All cases are accompanied by details of suggested educational activities.
Biochemical effects of some insect growth regulators on the house fly, Musca domestica (diptera: muscidae).

The current work was carried out to evaluate the biochemical effects of five insect growth regulators (IGRs); applaud (buprofezin), consult (hexaflumuron) and match (lufenuron) as chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs); mimic (tebufenozide) as ecdysone agonist (EA) and admiral (pyriproxyfen) as juvenile hormone analogue (JHA) against the housefly M. domestica. The IGRs were applied by feeding 1 st instar larvae on diets mixed with these IGRs at 100 and1000 ppm for three days to determine the effects of these IGRs on the glucose, protein and the amino acid content as well as the phosphatase and transaminase enzymes. The obtained results indicated that all the tested IGRs except applaud increased the glucose content in the homogenate of 3 rd larval instar of M.domestica. The total protein content and total concentration of amino acids increased with applaud, admiral and mimic, while decreased with match and consult. In addition, the tested IGRs significantly increased the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase . Mimic exhibited a severe reduction in the activity of AcP. Admiral, mimic and applaud induced a significant stimulatory effect on total AST activity, while match induced inhibitory effect at 1000 ppm. Consult had no effect on the total activity of AST. With respect to the total ALT activity, applaud and admiral induced a significant stimulatory effect, in contrast, match and consult elicited inhibitory effect on the total ALT activity.
Efficiency of Levamisole in Improving the Immune Response of Catfish (Clarias gariepenus) to Aeromonas hydrophila Vaccine: Clinico- Pathological Studies

The effect of Levamisole on the immune response of 200 catfish (Clarias gariepenus) was evaluated. Fish were divided into 4 equal groups, reared in a glass aquaria and fed on a basal diet. The 1 st group served as a control. Fish of the 2 nd group was incorporating Levamisole (150mg/kg diet fed-1) for 2 months. The 3 rd and 4 th groups was vaccinated using Aeromonas hydrophila bacterin, at the first day of experiment, but fish of 4 th group was fed on diet containing same dose of levamisole throughout the 2 months of experiment. At 1 st , 3 rd and 5 th week, blood samples were collected from all groups for hematological, immunological and serum biochemistry studies while fish of 2 nd group were subjected to histopathology. Challenge was done to all groups, at thirty day of experiment, through immersion of fish in virulent Aeromonas hydrophila (1g bacterial cells/liter) for 10min, the mortalities recorded and the dead fish used for the bacterial re-isolation. Catfish of 1 st group showed normal values throughout the period of the experiment. Fish of 2 nd group showed activation of melanomacrophages. Hyperplasia of hematopoietic tissue was evident at 3 rd -4 th week. Degenerative changes were mild at 1 st -2 nd week and become prominent at 5 th week. Fish of 3 rd group showed a significant gradual increase of leucocytes, phgocytosis, antibody titer, total protein and globulin, at 1 st -5 th week post-vaccination. Fish of 4 th group showed higher hematological and immunological values than those of 3 rd group. The relative level of protection after the challenge infection was 30, 85 and 90% for the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th groups; respectively. The histopathological finding of this experiment showed the safety of the selected dose of levamesol on catfish. The other findings indicate its efficiency as immunostimulant in improving the immune response of catfish to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine.
Mihin koulun tekstit sosiaalistavat? : S2-oppijan haasteita

This article discusses the challenges which the textual worlds in various school subjects impose on the immigrant pupils. The challenges are identified through an analysis of the study books to find out what kind of language the books socialize the pupils into. The study books analyzed in this article are for Biology, History and Chemistry. The results of the exploration show clearly how big the differences are between different subjects and how these differences require flexible reading and comprehension skills which typically are not taught in school. These required skills are then contrasted with typical Finnish language proficiency levels that the immigrant pupils have in secondary school. To close and summarize the exploration, I will outline support measures and practices that the pupils would benefit from in their process of integration to Finnish society and multiple textual worlds.
Chondrocranium and ossification sequence of Hyla lanciformis

Tadpoles of Hyla lanciformis live in midwater and have a normal, beaked, anteroventral, subterminal mouth. Overall, they are generalized pond‐type anuran larvae that show no specific modification for a particular habitat. The chondrocranium and ossification sequences of this hylid frog were studied, utilizing cleared and Alcian blue‐alizarin red‐stained tadpoles. The chondrocranium is similar to that of other unspecialized tadpoles. No larval otic process was found and a large process projecting from the otic capsule is considered homologous with the larval crista parotica described for other anurans. The pattern of cranial and postcranial ossification is reported. The sequence of cranial ossification is explained in the framework of functional changes of the skull through metamorphosis. Comparison with the available information for other hylid frogs shows clear differences in the ossification sequences. The sequence of postcranial ossification is described for the first time for any species of hylid frog.
Association Analysis of the Polymorphism of Human Leukocyte Antigen-A, -B and -E Gene with Behcet’s Disease in Japanese Cohort Using Sequencing-Based Typing Method

Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease and strongly associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene such as HLA-B and -A. To determine the association of the HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-E alleles with BD in Japanese cohort as well as other cohorts, we performed sequencing-based typing method in 382 BD cases and healthy controls. Then, we analyzed the association of these alleles with BD. Our results indicated that HLA-B*51 is strongly associated with BD in Japanese cohort (Allelic model’s P value and OR are 4.59x10-26 and 4.59, respectively. Dominant model’s P value and OR are 2.1x10-24 and 5.32, respectively), while HLA-A*26 is also significantly associated with BD (Allelic model’s P value and OR are 5.3x10-5 and 1.80, respectively. Dominant model’s P value and OR are 8.6x10-6 and 2.06, respectively.). HLA-E*01:01 was not observed to have any significant association with BD. We also obtained the available data sets of Chinese and Japanese genome sequence from public data base and then, analyzed each Linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure using SNPs in HLA-A, -B and –E region. The pattern of LD including HLA-E was different between two cohorts. Collectively, we suggested that HLA-B*51 and HLA-A*26 are associated with BD in Japanese cohort as well as another cohort and that HLA-E*01:01 is not associated with BD. Our data suggest that LD structure of the region including HLA-E depends on a type of ethnic group even among Asian ethnic group.
Vegetative growth and conidium production by Monilinia oxycocci in vitro

Abstract The effects of various natural agar media, light, and temperature on mycelium growth of and conidium production by Monilinia oxycocci were examined in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Vegetative growth and sporulation were affected differentially by these factors. Optimum vegetative growth and formation of stromata occurred on potato dextrose agar at 20–24 C in the dark. The minimum and maximum temperatures for mycelium growth were 4 and 32 C, respectively. Production of conidia was best on V8 juice agar. The greatest numbers of conidia were produced at 16 C, but abundant conidium production was most consistent at 20 C. The influence of light on sporulation was inconsistent among trials and differed among media and isolates. However, on V8 juice agar at 20 C, production of conidia was most abundant in the dark. In general, considerable variability occurred with M. oxycocci throughout the study—among replicates of individual isolates, among isolates within a trial, and among trials with the same isolates. The highly variable nature of M. oxycocci in vitro appears to be an inherent characteristic of this plant pathogenic fungus.
Prevalence and Characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii in Retail Milk-Based Infant and Baby Foods in Shaanxi, China

Abstract Cronobacter sakazakii (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes meningitis, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates and infants through consumption of contaminated milk-based foods. In this study, the prevalence of C. sakazakii in 705 retail milk-based infant and baby food samples was investigated in 12 cities in Shaanxi, China, in 2010 and 2012. One hundred and nineteen samples (16.9%) were C. sakazakii positive. The isolates were further characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility to 14 antibiotics, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, and presence of the virulence genes. Samples of brand W, Y, A, and G in 2010 and 2012 were C. sakazakii positive. All isolates recovered in 2010 and 2012 were susceptible to levofloxacin and cefoperazone. In 2012, no isolate was resistant to gentamicin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, gatifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. Antibiotic resistance of the isolates was most commonly found to rifampicin, amoxicilli.
REVIEW OF OFFLINE TEXT INDEPENDENT WRITER IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES

This paper reviews various text independent writer identification techniques through offline documents. Different features extraction methods are discussed. Classification approaches that are mainly used for identification by the researchers and verification by different groups and individuals are presented. Identification rates achieved by the reviewed papers are tabulated and analyzed. A survey of different databases used in the reviewed papers is performed. Application of writer identification in different language domains is also discussed. Future directions for the automated writer identification are presented in the end.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE SEED YIELD AND SOME AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L.) UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

This study was carried out in the experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, in 2009 and 2010 under semi-arid conditions. Thirteen different safflower cultivars and lines (V- 49/848, V-50/166, V-50/426, V-51/263, KN 144, Finch, Sahuaripa 88, Ole, AC Stirling, Oleic Leed, US 10, N 5, UC-1) were used as materials. The cultivars and lines were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Significant differences (P<0.01) were found for all studied yield components. The seed yield differed significantly between 976.7 and 1666.0 kg/ha. The seed yield showed a positive and significant correlation with plant height, seed yield per plant, seed weight per head and biological yield per plant. The greatest direct effect corresponded to plant height, seed weight/head and 1000-seed weight on seed yield. Keywords: Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. , correlation coefficient, path analysis, seed yield
Two new families of Glomales, Archaeosporaceae and Paraglomaceae, with two new genera Archaeospora and Paraglomus, based on concordant molecular and morphological characters

Abstract Two ancestral clades of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species were discovered from deeply divergent ribosomal DNA sequences. They are classified here as two new families Archaeosporaceae and Paraglomaceae. Each family is phylogenetically distant from each other and from other glomalean families, despite similarities in mycorrhizal morphology and fatty acid profiles. Shared mycorrhizal morphology is not surprising, since it is highly conserved and resolves other taxa in Glomales at both family and suborder levels. At the present time, each family consists of one genus. Archaeospora (Archaeosporaceae) includes three species forming atypical Acaulospora-like spores from sporiferous saccules. Two of these species are dimorphic, forming Glomus-like spores as well. Paraglomus (Paraglomaceae) consists of two species forming spores indistinguishable from those of Glomus species. Morphological characters once considered unique, such as the sporiferous saccule defining species of Acaulosporaceae, clearly are distributed in phylogenetically distant groups. The simple design of spores of some species in Glomus also masks considerable divergence at the molecular level. It is the combination of DNA sequences, fatty acid profiles, immunological reactions against specific monoclonal antibodies, and mycorrhizal morphology which provides the basis for recognizing Archaeospora and Paraglomus. These results reinforce the value of molecular data sets in providing a clearer understanding of phylogenetic relationships, which in turn can lead to a more robust taxonomy.
Qualidade microbiológica de leite cru comercializado em Itapetinga-BA

This research was carried out with the aim to evaluate the risks to health of the population in the consumption of raw milk sold in Itapetinga City, State of Bahia, in Brazil. Thirty samples obtained from three sale points (10 of each point) were submitted the following analyses: determination of the Most Probable Number (MPN) of 35°C coliforms and 45°C coliforms, research of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus count (CFU) and research of Salmonella. The experiment was conducted in randomized design with 10 repetitions. There wasn’t significant difference between the three sales points evaluated in the averages of S. aureus, 45°C coliforms and 35°C coliforms. All the samples were contaminated with 45°C coliforms and 35°C coliforms, in numbers that varied from 1,5x103 to 2,4x105 and 1,5x103 to 9,3x104 NMP/mL, respectively. The presence of E.coli was confirmed in four samples. The S. aureus count varied from 2,5x102 to 2x106. Regarding to research of Salmonella, were verified cultures with positive reaction into triple sugar iron and Lysine iron agars, in 93,3% of the samples, suggestive of bacteria belonged to that genus. The results of these analyses indicated that the sold of raw milk poses risks to the health of the population, besides this is an illegal practice in cities that have milk processing plants.
A recurrent neural network model to describe manufacturing cell dynamics

A neural network approach to the manufacturing cell modelling problem is discussed. A recurrent high-order neural network structure (RHONN) is employed to identify cell dynamics, which is supposed to be unknown. The model is constructed in such a way that enables the design of a controller which will force the model and thus the original cell to display the required behaviour. The control input signal is transformed to a continuous one so as to conform with the RHONN assumptions, thus converting the original discrete-event system to a continuous one. A case study demonstrates the approximation capabilities of the proposed architecture.
What Is Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge

This paper describes a framework for teacher knowledge for technology integration called technological pedagogical content knowledge (originally TPCK, now known as TPACK, or technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge). This framework builds on Lee Shulman’s construct of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) to include technology knowledge. The development of TPACK by teachers is critical to effective teaching with technology. The paper begins with a brief introduction to the complex, illstructured nature of teaching. The nature of technologies (both analog and digital) is considered, as well as how the inclusion of technology in pedagogy further complicates teaching. The TPACK framework for teacher knowledge is described in detail, as a complex interaction among three bodies of knowledge: Content, pedagogy, and technology. The interaction of these bodies of knowledge, both theoretically and in practice, produces the types of flexible knowledge needed to successfully integrate technology use into teaching.
Tapping Unexplored Macrofungi: Occurrence and Distribution of Amanita, Russula and Termitomyces Species in the Different Forest Divisions of Odisha, India

A systematic study was done on the wild mushroom species of the forest regions of Odisha with the objective to generate information on macrofungal diversity at different forest divisions of Odisha. Six major forest divisions of Odisha viz. Northern tropical semi evergreen forest (Site-1), Northern tropical dry deciduous forest (Site-2), Secondary moist miscellaneous semi evergreen forest (Site-3), Northern tropical semi evergreen forest (Site-4), Mixed forests having combination of Northern tropical semi evergreen forest and Tropical moist deciduous forest (Site-5), Tropical dry deciduous forest and Northern tropical semi evergreen forest (Site-6) were the sites for experiment emphasizing on Amanita, Russula and Termitomyces species. Nineteen different macrofungal populations were observed where 6 species of , 8 species of Russula and 5 species of Termitomyces were recorded from different habitats. rosea and lepida were very luxuriantly present in (Site-5). The distribution frequency was the highest (53.84%) in vaginata among all other species of chrysoleuca were observed with the least distribution (2.56%). Termitomyces occurred in many places of Odisha and was considered as a palatable mushroom. Occurrence of T. eurrhizus was the highest (30.76%) in Odisha forests while Termitomyces microcarpus showed the least distribution (2.56%). The findings of the study have concluded that the (Site 1,5,6) can be a potential site for the mushroom hunters.
Prevalence of Molecular Risk Factors FV Leiden, FV HR2, FII 20210G>A and MTHFR 677C>T in Different Populations and Ethnic Groups of Germany, Costa Rica and India

Abstract The prevalences of the molecular risk factors FVLeiden, FVHis1299Arg (R2), FII 20210G>A and MTHFR 677C>T were studied in blood donors from NE Germany, India (Punjab), San José (Costa Rica), and from two tribes (Chorotegas, Bribri) of Indians and Blacks from Costa Rica. The prevalences of FVL heterozygotes in blood donors from Germany, Costa Rica and India are 6.5, 2 and 1.2% resp. Heterozygosity of R2 allele of FVHR2 was found in 15.5 % in Germany, 13.3% in India. None of the Indians and Blacks of Costa Rica carried FVL, but heterozygotes R1R2 were extremely frequent found in both Indian tribes (44,7% and 50,6%, resp.); homozygosity for R2R2 was 11%. In Blacks the rare R3 polymorphism was found. The FII 20210G>A polymorphism is missing in the Chorotegas Indians and Blacks of Costa Rica and in the population from India. Concerning MTHFR the prevalence of the homozygous mutant genotype is 7.7% in Germany, 5.3% among the Blacks of Costa Rica and 2.7% in India. In the Indian tribes of Costa Rica the prevalence of homozygotes are extremely high: 31.6 % in Chorotegas and 46.7 % in Bribri Indians. The prevalence of genetic risk factors in various populations and ethnic groups is discussed.
Aldosterone Disrupts the Intercellular Flow of Glucose in Cardiac Muscle

The activation of the renin–angiotensin system is known to impair intercellular communication in the heart, but the role of aldosterone on the process of chemical communication and particularly the intercellular diffusion of glucose between cardiomyocytes is not known. This problem was investigated in cell pairs isolated from the left ventricle of adult Wistar Kyoto rats. For this, fluorescent glucose was dialyzed into one cell of the pair using the whole cell clamp technique, and its diffusion from cell-to-cell through gap junctions was followed by measuring the fluorescence intensity in the dialyzed as well as in non-dialyzed cell as a function of time. The results indicated that (1) in cell pairs exposed to aldosterone (100 nM) for 24 h, the intercellular flow of glucose through gap junctions was disrupted; (2) although the mechanism by which aldosterone disrupts the cell-to-cell flow of glucose is multifactorial, two major factors are involved: oxidative stress and PKC activation; (3) the effect of aldosterone was significantly reduced by spironolactone (100 nM); and (4) calculation of gap junction permeability (Pj) indicated an average values of 0.3 ± 0.001 × 10−4 cm/s (n = 31) (four animals) for controls and 24 ± 0.03 × 10−6 cm/s (n = 34) (four animals) (P < 0.05) for cell pairs exposed to aldosterone (100 nM) for 24 h. Bis-1 (10−9M), which is a selective PKC inhibitor, added to the aldosterone solution, improved the value of Pj to 0.21 ± 0.001 × 10−4 cm/s (n = 24) (P < 0.05), whereas spironolactone (100 nM) added to aldosterone solution, reduced significantly the effect of the hormone on junctional permeability to glucose.
Effects of biological and chemical treatments against Heterobasidion annosum on the microfungal communities of Picea abies stumps

This study describes the effects of biolog- ical treatments with Trichoderma harzianum, Hypho- loma fasciculare, Phanerochaete velutina, Verticillium bulbillosum and Vuilleminia comedens and chemical treatment with propiconazole against Heterobasidion annosum, on the microfungal communities of Picea abies stumps in a forest in the Alps of northwestern Italy. Immediately after felling, 20 healthy stumps per treatment were sprayed with the treatment prepara- tions and their surface was protected with an autol- ogous wood disk. The controls were 20 untreated stumps covered with an autologous wood disk. An- other 20 untreated stumps were left without a wood disk to evaluate disk effects on the naturally occur- ring mycoflora. The microfungal populations were