Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Variety of Governance Structures Beyond Market and Hierarchy

While research has identified a variety of hybrid governance structures, it has described and sought to explain this variety from different theoretical perspectives that are not readily reconcilable. This limits our ability systematically to compare different types of hybrids and on this basis to further theoretical understanding. Results of an empirical survey of transactions in buyer–supplier relations in the German construction industry provide novel insights into three distinct, widely employed types of hybrid governance structures. The study systematically compares the found hybrid governance structures and explores their rationales. As its main theoretical contribution, this study offers an empirically based typology of hybrid governance structures that complements earlier theorizing. It suggests that embeddedness and transaction cost arguments complement one another in explaining different and previously theoretically unspecified types of hybrid governance structures.
Effect of YouTube Videos and Pictures on EFL Students' Writing Performance.

This research aims at investigating the effect of YouTube videos and pictures as the authentic materials on EFL Indonesian students’ writing performance. The experimental research is conducted by using quasi-experimental design. This research employs two groups experimental. This is comparing two groups to see which one is effective to be used in helping the students in writing. The first group is employed by using YouTube videos and the second group is treated by using pictures. Both of YouTube and pictures are the authentic materials which help the students to have better writing performance. The subjects are the second semester students of English Department, IKIP PGRI Madiun. Both of the groups, the students are asked to write paragraph by using YouTube videos and pictures as the authentic materials. The data are analyzed by using Independent t-test. The result of the study shows that there is significantly different between the students who write paragraph after being treated by using YouTube videos and by using pictures as the authentic materials. The students who are treated by using YouTube videos have lower writing performance than the students who are treated by using pictures. The mean of the students who write paragraph after being treated by using YouTube videos as authentic materials is lower than those who are treated by using pictures. This means that using pictures in writing are better than using YouTube videos to help the students in writing performance.
ATTENTION-BASED CNN WITH GENERALIZED LABEL TREE EMBEDDING FOR AUDIO SCENE CLASSIFICATION

This report presents our audio scene classification systems submitted for Task 1 (“acoustic scene classification”) of DCASE 2017 challenge [1]. The systems rely on combinations of generalized label tree embedding representation, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and attention mechanism. Our experimental results on the development data of the challenge show that our proposed system significantly outperform the challenge’s baseline, improving the average classification accuracy from 74.8% of the baseline to 83.8%. However, we achieve significantly lower accuracies on the evaluation data, underperforming the DCASE baseline, due to overfitting caused by cross-validation errors in our submission systems.
STUDIES ON THE SENSITIZATION OF ANIMALS WITH SIMPLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS. II

In continuation of previous work sensitization experiments have been made with various substances such as urushiol, benzyl chlorides, and acyl chlorides. In the case of a series of substituted benzenes (Cl, NO2) a connection between sensitizing capacity and lability of the Cl or NO2 groups has been shown, indicating the formation of conjugated antigens in the animal. This led to the study of benzyl and acyl chlorides which, actually, were found to have sensitizing capacity. Most informative as to the relationship between reactions of the skin surface and anaphylaxis were experiments with acyl chlorides. Guinea pigs sensitized with p-chlorobenzoyl chloride showed, on the one hand, the usual surface lesions after application of the substance, and on the other typical anaphylactic shock following intravenous injection of a compound of p-chlorobenzoyl chloride and guinea pig serum; from which it may be inferred that the two types of allergic manifestation are closely related conditions.
Mining version histories to guide software changes

We apply data mining to version histories in order to guide programmers along related changes: "Programmers who changed these functions also changed. " Given a set of existing changes, the mined association rules 1) suggest and predict likely further changes, 2) show up item coupling that is undetectable by program analysis, and 3) can prevent errors due to incomplete changes. After an initial change, our ROSE prototype can correctly predict further locations to be changed; the best predictive power is obtained for changes to existing software. In our evaluation based on the history of eight popular open source projects, ROSE's topmost three suggestions contained a correct location with a likelihood of more than 70 percent.
Guidelines and recommendations for laboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND Multiple laboratory tests are used to diagnose and manage patients with diabetes mellitus. The quality of the scientific evidence supporting the use of these tests varies substantially. APPROACH An expert committee compiled evidence-based recommendations for the use of laboratory testing for patients with diabetes. A new system was developed to grade the overall quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations. Draft guidelines were posted on the Internet and presented at the 2007 Arnold O. Beckman Conference. The document was modified in response to oral and written comments, and a revised draft was posted in 2010 and again modified in response to written comments. The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry and the Evidence Based Laboratory Medicine Committee of the AACC jointly reviewed the guidelines, which were accepted after revisions by the Professional Practice Committee and subsequently approved by the Executive Committee of the American Diabetes Association. CONTENT In addition to long-standing criteria based on measurement of plasma glucose, diabetes can be diagnosed by demonstrating increased blood hemoglobin A(1c) (Hb A(1c)) concentrations. Monitoring of glycemic control is performed by self-monitoring of plasma or blood glucose with meters and by laboratory analysis of Hb A(1c). The potential roles of noninvasive glucose monitoring, genetic testing, and measurement of autoantibodies, urine albumin, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, and other analytes are addressed. SUMMARY The guidelines provide specific recommendations that are based on published data or derived from expert consensus. Several analytes have minimal clinical value at present, and their measurement is not recommended.
[Journal First] Lightweight, Obfuscation-Resilient Detection and Family Identification of Android Malware

The number of malicious Android apps has been and continues to increase rapidly. These malware can damage or alter other files or settings, install additional applications, obfuscate their behaviors, propagate quickly, and so on. To identify and handle such malware, a security analyst can significantly benefit from identifying the family to which a malicious app belongs rather than only detecting if an app is malicious. To address these challenges, we present a novel machine learning-based Android malware detection and family-identification approach, RevealDroid, that operates without the need to perform complex program analyses or extract large sets of features. RevealDroid's selected features leverage categorized Android API usage, reflection-based features, and features from native binaries of apps. We assess RevealDroid for accuracy, efficiency, and obfuscation resilience using a large dataset consisting of more than 54,000 malicious and benign apps. Our experiments show that RevealDroid achieves an accuracy of 98% in detection of malware and an accuracy of 95% in determination of their families. We further demonstrate RevealDroid's superiority against state-of-the-art approaches. [URL of original paper: https://dl.acm. org/citation.cfm? id=3162625]
Prevalence of coccidiosis in broiler chicken farms in and Around Marand city, Iran

A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2014 to March 2015 in and around Marand city, Iran with the objectives to determine the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis. A total of 384 faecal samples were examined using flotation technique to detect coccidian oocysts. The study revealed 35.2% were positive for coccidian oocysts. The prevalence of coccidiosis was accounted 14.8%, 23.1%, 26.9%, 32.2%, and 62.3% in Zonouze, Yamchi, Dolatabad, Koshksaray and Markazi respectively. Significantly (P 0.05) higher risk of acquiring coccidiosis than adult. Higher prevalence of 45.2% was recorded in intensive poultry birds as compared to chicken kept under extensive management system (24.6%). Even though relatively higher prevalence of coccidiosis was recorded in male (36.7%) than female chicken (34.5%), but no significant difference (P>0.05) was obtained. In conclusion, the present study showed that coccidiosis is an important disease of poultry and this warrants appropriate control strategies need to be designed in order to reduce the impact of poultry coccidiosis in the study area.
KiDS-450: enhancing cosmic shear with clipping transformations

We present the first 'clipped' cosmic shear measurement using data from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-450). 'Clipping' transformations suppress the signal from the highest density, non-linear regions of cosmological fields. We demonstrate that these transformations improve constraints on S-8 = sigma(8)(Omega(m)/0.3)(0.5) when used in combination with conventional two-point statistics. For the KiDS-450 data, we find that the combined measurements improve the constraints on S-8 by 17 per cent, compared to shear correlation functions alone. We determine the expectation value of the clipped shear correlation function using a suite of numerical simulations, and develop methodology to mitigate the impact of masking and shot noise. Future improvements in numerical simulations and mass reconstruction methodology will permit the precise calibration of clipped cosmic shear statistics such that clipping can become a standard tool in weak-lensing analyses.
The Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Hashimoto ’ s Hypothyroidism

Introduction: Vitamin D has some anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating attributes and in recent studies its low levels has been associated with some autoimmune diseases. Hashimoto’s hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disease worldwide and in this study the aim is to investigate the relation between the level of vitamin D and Hashimoto’s hypothyroidism. Material and Methodes: 40 patients with hypothyroidism and 40 healthy subjects with normal TSH level were selected from Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran during the period of April to August 2016. Their serum levels of 25 (OH) D, Anti-TPO and TSH were checked and recorded in the checklist. Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of vitamin D mean. Also the vitamin D mean in patients with subclinical and clinical Hashimoto’s disease was 18.3 ng/ml and 5.52 ng/ml respectively and the difference was statistically significant. Based on logistic regression test there was no significant difference between serum levels of vitamin D and TSH in both groups. Conclusion: Based on the results it can be concluded that there is an association between low level of vitamin D and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Multilocus sequence typing con ¢ rmssynonymybut highlights di ¡ erencesbetweenCandidaalbicans andCandida stellatoidea

We used multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) to investigate 35 yeast isolates representing the two genome-sequenced strains plus the type strain of Candida albicans, four isolates originally identified as Candida stellatoidea type I and 28 representing type strains of other species now regarded as synonymous with C. albicans. DNA from all 32 C. albicans synonyms readily formed PCR products with the C. albicans MLST primer sets. Their sequences placed all of them within the existing C. albicans clade structure, represented by 1516 isolates. One isolate, originally received as Mycotorula sinensis, was resistant to flucytosine, but no other unusual susceptibilities were found to polyene, azole or echinocandin antifungal agents. The four isolates of C. stellatoidea type I coclustered with two other sucrose-negative isolates, originally identified as examples of Candida africana, in a group of strains highly distinct from the majority of C. albicans. Our results not only confirm the synonymity of all the isolates with C. albicans but also confirm an obvious genotypic difference in the case of C. stellatoidea type I.
Disaggregate-level estimates of indebtedness in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India: an application of small-area estimation technique

The National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) surveys are the main source of official statistics in India, and generate a range of invaluable data at the macro level (e.g. state and national levels). However, the NSSO data cannot be used directly to produce reliable estimates at the micro level (e.g. district or further disaggregate level) due to small sample sizes. There is a rapidly growing demand of such micro-level statistics in India, as the country is moving from centralized to more decentralized planning system. In this article, we employ small-area estimation (SAE) techniques to derive model-based estimates of the proportion of indebted households at district or at other small-area levels in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India by linking data from the Debt–Investment Survey 2002–2003 of NSSO and the Population Census 2001 and the Agriculture Census 2003. Our results show that the model-based estimates are precise and representative. For many small areas, it is even not possible to produce estimates using sample data alone. The model-based estimates generated using SAE are still reliable for such areas. The estimates are expected to provide invaluable information to policy analysts and decision-makers.
Hepatoprotective Effects of 50% Ethanolic Extract of Ficus hispida Linn Against CCl Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

The hepatoprotective effect of 50% ethanolic extract of Ficus hispida L (Moraceae) by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in rats. The 50% ethanolic extract of Ficus hispida was studied for their hepatoprotective effects on CCl4 induced liver damage on Wistar albino rats. The degree of protection was measured by physical changes (liver weight), biochemical (SGPT, SGOT, ALP, total bilirubin, albumin and decreases in total protein). Pretreatment with extract significantly prevented the physical, biochemical changes induced by CCl4 in the liver. The effects of extract of Ficus hispida were comparable to that of standard drug, Silymarin. These results indicated that the Ficus hispida could be useful in preventing chemically induced acute liver injury. The present study, it can be concluded that, the 50% ethanol extracts of Ficus hispida possesses significant hepatoprotective activity.
Behind the mask: cryptic genetic diversity of Mytilus galloprovincialis along southern European and northern African shores

Morphological uniformity in geographically widespread species may cause genetically distinct entities to pass unnoticed if they can only be detected by molecular approaches. The importance of uncovering such cryptic diversity is prompted by the need to understand the putative adaptive potential of populations along species ranges and to manage biodiversity conservation efforts. In this study, we aim to assess cryptic intraspeciﬁc genetic diversity and taxonomic status of the widely distributed intertidal mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis , along Atlantic southwestern (SW) Iberian, Atlantic northwestern (NW) Moroccan and Mediterranean Tunisian shores. By using mitochondrial (16S restriction-fragment length polymorphism) and nuclear (polyphenolic adhesive protein gene, Glu-5 0 ) markers, we dis-covered a more complex taxonomic diversity of M. galloprovincialis than previously known. Both Atlantic and Mediterranean haplogroups of M. galloprovincialis were detected along Atlantic SW Iberian shores along with M. galloprovincialis/edulis hybrids (92.2% Atlantic, 3.9% Mediterranean and 3.9% hybrids). In contrast, NW Moroccan populations consisted solely of Atlantic M. galloprovincialis . The Mediterranean populations did not include M. galloprovincialis/edulis hybrids, but both Atlantic (58%) and Mediterranean (42%) lineages were detected. Divergent selection between coastlines and/ or indirect larval dispersal by human activities may be the drivers of this geographically structured genetic diversity.
Extreme Values, Heavy Tails and Linearization Effect: A Contribution to Empirical Multifractal Analysis

Multifractal analysis is becoming a standard tool in signal processing commonly involved in classical tasks such as detection, estimation or identification. Essentially, in practice, it amounts to measuring a collection of scaling law exponents. It has generally been thought by practitioners that these scaling exponents were related to the details of the multiplicative construction underlying the definitions of most known and used multifractal processes. However, recent results show that these scaling exponents necessarily behave as a linear function of the statistical orders q, for large qs. This confusing association has often been misleading in the use of scaling exponents for real-life data analysis. The present work contributes to the analysis and understanding of this linearization effect and hence to a clarification of this improper association. It is shown that this effect can be explained through an argument involving extreme values and the intrinsic heavy tail nature of the marginal distributions and dependence structure of multifractal processes. These issues are analyzed by means of numerical simulations conducted over specific multifractal processes, the compound Poisson motions (CPM).
Why Do Skilled Immigrants Struggle in the Labor Market? a Field Experiment with Six Thousand Resumes

Thousands of resumes were sent in response to online job postings across multiple occupations in Toronto to investigate why Canadian immigrants, allowed in based on skill, struggle in the labor market. Resumes were constructed to plausibly represent recent immigrants under the point system from the three largest countries of origin (China, India, and Pakistan) and Britain, as well as non-immigrants with and without ethnic-sounding names. In addition to names, I randomized where applicants received their undergraduate degree, whether their job experience was gained in Toronto or Mumbai (or another foreign city), whether they listed being fluent in multiple languages (including French). The study produced four main findings: 1) Interview request rates for English-named applicants with Canadian education and experience were more than three times higher compared to resumes with Chinese, Indian, or Pakistani names with foreign education and experience (5 percent versus 16 percent), but were no different compared to foreign applicants from Britain. 2) Employers valued experience acquired in Canada much more than if acquired in a foreign country. Changing foreign resumes to include only experience from Canada raised callback rates to 11 percent. 3) Among resumes listing 4 to 6 years of Canadian experience, whether an applicant's degree was from Canada or not, or whether the applicant obtained additional Canadian education or not had no impact on the chances for an interview request. 4) Canadian applicants that differed only by name had substantially different callback rates: Those with English-sounding names received interview requests 40 percent more often than applicants with Chinese, Indian, or Pakistani names (16 percent versus 11 percent). Overall, the results suggest considerable employer discrimination against applicants with ethnic names or with experience from foreign firms.
Estimating household welfare from disaggregate expenditures

Understanding how marginal utilities of expenditure evolve over time is key to the specification, the estimation, and the testing of dynamic consumer behavior. But in existing dynamic models researchers often (perhaps implicitly) assume that Engel curves are linear. This allows one to specify marginal utilities as a function of nothing more than real expenditures, but is sharply at odds with strong empirical evidence against linearity, including Engel's Law. Here we show how one can use data on disaggregate expenditures to estimate demand systems that may feature highly non-linear Engel curves; this same estimation procedure yields summary measures of household welfare within the period which we call "neediness". Our neediness measure is of interest in its own right, and can also be used to construct measures of inequality and poverty which match conventional measures given prevailing prices, but which also describe how inequality and poverty would be different were prices different. Beyond this, it is intimately related to the marginal utilities of expenditure that are critical in dynamic models. We illustrate the use of these methods using data from Uganda to estimate an incomplete demand system, and to estimate household neediness in different periods. This offers measures of the distribution of welfare and how this distribution changes over time. Our measure of household neediness can also be regarded as an index of the marginal utility of expenditures, which plays a central role in models involving dynamics and risk. We use our estimates to look for evidence of either borrowing or savings constraints, and find no such evidence; separately, we find strong evidence of heterogeneity in relative risk aversion.
Eyelid Alterations in Involutional Ectropion

Purpose: To describe the histological features of eyelid tissue in involutional ectropion carriers. Methods: An interventional case series study was performed evolving 52 involutional eyelid ectropion carriers submitted to Tarsal strip surgery. A full-thickness eyelid fragment was evaluated by light microscope and results were statistical analyzed. Results: The conjunctival substantia propria had an inflammatory mononuclear process. Meibomian glands and eyelash follicles were enlarged. Inflammatory cells permeated the glands and eyelashes follicles. Orbicularis muscle fibers were replaced by fibrosis in some areas. Solar elastosis and epithelial squamous cell metaplasia were also observed in the skin epithelium. Conclusion: Eyelid ectropion is associated with important lid margin alterations affecting the glands, eyelashes, and orbicularis muscle. Inflammation and fibrosis compromise and disturb eyelid function.