Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Dark Tetrad empowered: the Dark Tetrad and power motivations within the normal personality space

Within personality psychology there has been a surge in research regarding the Dark Tetrad of personality (Buckels, Jones, & Paulhus, 2014). This research has focused on the way these constructs are related to diverse variables of interest. The present research builds on the prior studies by expanding the exploration into the common features that comprise the four constructs. The hypotheses were that each construct would correlate with facets of Honesty/Humility, Emotionality, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, along with four aspects of power motivations, and that narcissism would be connected to Extraversion. Also, it was hypothesized that facets of these domains, as well as power motivations. would be predictive of levels of the dark constructs. These hypotheses were tested against a sample of 300 subjects from Western Carolina University. Results showed predictive significance on the hypothesized models explaining variance within each of the four constructs of Sadism (R2 = 0.27), Machiavellianism (R2 = 0.31), Psychopathy (R2 = 0.40), and Narcissism (R2 = 0.66).
Social Media and Loneliness

Particularly to the younger Millennials and Generation Z, it appears as if social networking sites (SNS) is coming to the point of replacing normal social interactions and removing much of the personal aspects out of socialization. With the Internet literally being able to move at the speed of light, face-to-face interactions appear to be slowly in decline. As a highly social species, humans require interaction to maintain a healthy psychological state. This research has been conducted to analyze the level of loneliness and the level of SNS use with the intent of reinvestigating previous research on the correlations of SNS and loneliness with a more diverse demographic sample. In addition, this study has been designed to see if high usage of specific platforms has an increased likelihood to be related with loneliness. This research has been conducted by means of an anonymous survey of college students at a university in the Pacific to determine the amount of time spent on SNS, activities conducted while utilizing SNS, the priorities placed, and other information in regards to SNS usage. Inquiry was also conducted in analyzing how interpersonal relationships are related to or affected by SNS. This has been combined with the revised UCLA loneliness scale to determine if there is a correlation between SNS use, specific platform use, and loneliness. While previous similar studies have been conducted, the two primary differences are the diversity in the demographics available to be surveyed and the attempt at identifying if a specific platform is more likely to be related with loneliness.
Tailoring persuasive technology: A systematic review of literature of self-schema theory and transformative learning theory in persuasive technology context

Groundwork for understanding persuasion in human behaviour change through the human-computer environment has been laid by the socio-psychological paradigm and theories, and an acknowledged key element in behaviour change is the role of attitude in the intention-behaviour gap. The said gap is explored in the present paper by means of a systematic literature review of how theories of self-schema and transformative learning have been used thus far in researching behaviour change support systems. Tailoring content and persuasive strategies to some end-user traits is an acknowledged avenue in the persuasive technology field, but what identifiable traits beyond needs, interests, personality, or context can be identified and used in the pursuit of systems that are increasingly more relevant to their users? Various databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles, and the research contributions were analysed against the Persuasive Systems Design Model and Outcome/Change Design Matrix. The results show that neither theory has been used extensively for researching behaviour change support systems; yet, a closer look at the records offers feasible approaches for addressing the intention-behaviour gap. Both SST and TLT emerge as worth investigating as regards identifying and influencing attitude and self-perception level factors in persuasion.
Assessment of Self Regulated Learning Strategy Using Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire in Anatomy Course Among Undergraduate Medical Students in Bangladesh

Background: 'Self-Regulated Learning (SRL)' means one’s ability to organize and control their learning environment. Self regulated learners develop a deep understanding of subject matter which positively influences academic performance. On this basis, the present study is aimed to assess student’s anatomical 'SRL' strategies and to investigate whether anatomical 'SRL' can predict academic performance in Anatomy course. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study group consisted of a convenient sample of 105 first year undergraduate medical students of Bangladesh who were learning Anatomy for last 6 months. The 'Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire' was used. Information regarding age, gender, medium they were studying prior entering into M.B. B.S course and their anatomy result was collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. Results: The present data suggests that the study group was sufficiently motivated for learning in Anatomy as measured by intrinsic goal orientation, task value and self-efficacy of learning and performance. It also demonstrates that students who were more likely to use learning strategies such as rehearsal, elaboration, organization, peer learning and help seeking had higher levels of academic performance. Female students and those from Bangla medium reported more effective study habits. Conclusion: These results indicate that adopting SRL strategics are likely linked to Anatomy performance. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (1); Jan 2019; Page 10-13
“A definite feel‐it moment”: Embodiment, externalisation and emotion during chair‐work in compassion‐focused therapy

Chair-work is an experiential method used within compassion-focused therapy (CFT) to apply compassion to various aspects of the self. This is the first study of CFT chair-work and is focused on clients’ lived experiences of a chair-work intervention for self-criticism. Twelve participants with depression were interviewed following the chair-work intervention and the resulting data was examined using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three superordinate themes were identified: ‘embodiment and enactment’, ‘externalizing the self in physical form’ and ‘emotional intensity’. The findings suggest the importance of accessing and expressing various emotions connected with self-criticism, whilst highlighting the potential for client distress and avoidance during the intervention. The role of embodying, enacting and physically situating aspects of the self in different chairs is also suggested to be an important mechanism of change in CFT chair-work. The findings are discussed in terms of clinical implications, emphasizing how core CFT concepts and practices are facilitated by the chair-work process.
Gender, education and engagement in antisocial and risk-taking behaviours and emotional dysregulation

This investigation examined the influence of gender and education attainment on engagement in antisocial and risk-taking behaviours and emotional dysregulation. A convenience sample (N = 285) of Australians, aged between 18 to 74, completed the Antisocial Engagement Questionnaire and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Gender differences were evident as females engaged in lower levels of antisocial and risktaking behaviours and experienced more emotional dysregulation than males. The constructs of interest were also influenced by an individual’s education attainment. Individuals with low education attainment had a higher propensity for engagement in antisocial and risk-taking behaviours and experienced increased emotional dysregulation compared to those with high education attainment. This research has contributed to our understanding of engagement in antisocial behaviours and emotional dysregulation and specifically identified gender differences within each of these constructs. It has also highlighted education attainment as a protective factor against engagement in antisocial behaviours and emotional dysregulation.
Lexical Bundles in Whatsapp Conversation between Native and Non-Native Speakers of English

The paper draws on an investigation on the use of lexical bundles and their functions in WhatsApp conversations between a native and a non-native speaker of English. The aim of this study is to explore the lexical bundles used by the two speakers in order to explain how these bundles contribute to the coherence in the conversations. The study employs the lexical bundle taxonomy by Biber et al. (1999) and the functional types of lexical bundles by Conrad and Biber (2005). In terms of functions, the lexical bundles produced by native and nonnative speakers of English mostly express Stance between the speaker and hearer which includes functions of epistemic stance and attitudinal/modality stance to show intention, desire, ability, obligation, and directive. The Discourse Organizing function is also used, particularly to introduce and elaborate the topic; while, the Referential Expression type is not very much used in the conversation. The pedagogical implication of this study is that a wide variety of lexical bundles to express various functions in communication should be explicitly taught to develop the communicative competence of English language learners.
Does identity matter for adaptation? The influence of acculturation identity on the well-being and delinquency of adolescent students in Europe

ABSTRACT This study examines the implications of identity for the adaptation of immigrant children in the European context. Using the migrant sample from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries (CILS4EU), this study examines how identity is related to the outcomes of well-being and delinquency of high school students. Results from multilevel models lend partial support to the theorized role of acculturation identity. Integrated students had higher well-being compared with assimilated students, challenging the notion that sole national affiliation is the most advantageous strategy for adaptation and thereby supporting a selective acculturation perspective. In addition, separate analyses of European and non-European immigrant students produced divergent results. While the ethnic identity of students with non-European backgrounds was negatively associated with delinquent behavior, separated students of European background reported higher delinquency compared with their assimilated counterparts, suggesting that acculturated identity works in different ways between immigrant groups and that the protective effect of ethnic identity against delinquency is only present for migrants students of non-European backgrounds.
Unwed motherhood, adoption reunion and stigmatized social identities

Data gathered from semi-structured interviews with 33 reunited birth mothers show they had been stigmatized for their unwed motherhood and hid this identity to protect self from social censure. The public exposure created by reunion contact with their adult placed children required new ways to manage this stigma trait. The women engaged in a process of identity talk supported by their understanding of altered perceptions of female sexuality and a “no choice” discourse that drew upon historical changes in the social position of unwed mothers. This identity talk increased their self-efficacy by providing stronger control over their presentation of self.
Entrepreneurial Intention from the Islamic Perspective: A Holistic Approach

An intention is an individual’s internal desire to predict behaviour. As an all-encompassing religion, Islam is a way of life that places priority on the intention of its believers that leads to their actions. In the field of entrepreneurship, previous researches have proven that entrepreneurial intention has a crucial role in predicting entrepreneurial behaviour. This topic of entrepreneurial intention has been attracting considerable attention and thus generating an abundance of literature. However, discussions on entrepreneurial intention from the Islamic perspective are still limited and lack the interest from researchers. Thus, the primary purpose of this conceptual paper is to explore entrepreneurial intention from the Islamic perspective. The discussion begins with an elaboration of the importance of religion in entrepreneurship. Then, it deliberates on the concept of intention in Islam and provides a review of the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention in Islamic practices. The literature review leads the researchers to imply a conceptual framework for the relationship between entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention through religious belief as a moderator.
Values and Behavior Among Minorities in Southwest China: A Cross-Cultural Validation of the Refined Value Theory

The minorities in Southwest China are characterized by a blend of diverse cultures. It is not clear how values predict behaviors in such a population. We applied Schwartz's refined value theory to assess the association between values and behaviors. Respondents (N = 532) reported values using the Portrait Values Questionnaire and rated their postulated behaviors with the Everyday Behavior Questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis validated the discriminant validity of 19 refined values. Multidimensional scaling analyses revealed a circular motivational structure with national characteristics. More importantly, the correlation analysis showed that 13 of 19 values correlated most strongly with its postulated or adjacent behaviors, which supported the cross-cultural prediction of behaviors by values. Variations differing from theoretical structure and the moderating of value-behavior relations by gender better reflected the effects of Chinese traditional culture, such as harmony, benevolence, and “the Golden Mean. ” The results of this study enrich the cross-cultural validity of the refined value theory among Chinese minorities and enhanced our understanding of the multiculturally influenced minority population.
Enhancing representative practice design through consideration of affective and situational constraints in combat sports

The overarching aim of this thesis was to examine the usefulness of a variety of existing combat sport practice tasks using representative learning design (RLD) as a framework. To date, RLD has largely focused on ensuring practice tasks sample the physical task and environmental informational constraints that support behaviour in competition. While useful, such empirical work has neglected to consider the role of emotions in training design. This thesis contains three experimental studies examining affect and representative practice design using taekwondo as a task vehicle. The first study explored the impact of a competitive opponent on action selection and interpersonal behaviour in taekwondo by examining the behavioural correspondence between two common combat tasks: striking a representative dynamic target and a non-representative static target. Findings revealed that low behavioural correspondence between static and dynamic targets as emergent striking actions were uniquely constrained by each task. The second study compared the affective, cognitive and behavioural demands of combat practice relative to competition. The findings revealed that the affective and cognitive demands of practice do not represent competition and are associated with behaviour that does not represent how players act in competition. The final study tested the hypothesis that situational information could enhance the affective and cognitive demands of practice tasks by manipulating the presence of a live scoreboard. Results revealed that scoreboard presence lead to greater arousal and anxiety. These increased affective demands were associated with player behaviour that more closely represented the competition behaviour from the previous study. In summary, this doctoral thesis contributes to an expanding body of work that advocates the use of principled theoretical and methodological frameworks to design sports practice tasks. The specific contributions include i) how affect and cognition influence action selection and action fidelity, and ii) the conceptualisation and application of how the fundamental Brunswikian concept of situational information can add to the design of representative learning tasks. The findings of this thesis suggest that to design truly representative learning tasks, practitioners should sample information, action and affective constraints to create rich competition-like experiences in practice so that athletes think, feel and act like they would in competition.
Determinants of intention to use Islamic mobile banking: Evidence from millennial generation

This research aims to identify factors affecting the intention of millennial customers to use the Islamic Mobile Banking (IMB). This research applies the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with two additional variables namely perceived risk and perceived financial cost. The data of the research are from 142 respondents of the millennial generation. The research uses SmartPLS 2.0. The results reveal that the perceived risk and perceived financial cost significantly and negatively affect the intention to use the IMB. Meanwhile, the performance expectancy and effort expectancy significantly and positively affect the intention to use the IMB. The other two variables namely social influence and facilitating condition do not show any significant effect on the intention to use the IMB. Furthermore, this research discusses the impact of the results of the research, both in the theoretical and practical contexts.
Psychological Well-Being of Coresiding Elderly Parents and Adult Children in China: Do Father–Child and Mother–Child Relationships Make a Difference?

Using the baseline wave (2010) of the China Family Panel Studies, this study conducted an investigation of the associations between intergenerational relationships and the psychological well-being of elderly parents and adult children based on 2,401 coresiding parent–child dyads. Parents receiving support from children in three to four life areas were more likely to have higher life satisfaction than parents with no upward support. Downward support in more life areas was associated with poorer psychological well-being for adult children. Good quality parent–child relationships were positively associated only with parents’ life satisfaction. This association was stronger for elderly mothers than for elderly fathers. No significant differences were found between father–child and mother–child relationships with regard to their implications for children’s psychological outcomes. This study highlights the importance of considering cultural sensitivity and parental gender roles when applying attachment theory to aging families.
Building capacity in the healthcare sector: A strengths-based approach for increasing employees' well-being and organisational resilience

Abstract This study uses Appreciative Inquiry (AI) as a lens for informing the process for building on employees' existing wellbeing within one Australian organisation, using the ‘discovery, dreaming, designing, and achieving destiny’ process. Using POSH as a theoretical framework, we worked with a large Not-For-Profit healthcare organisation as part of the ‘discovery’ phase to identify elements of what was positive, flourishing, and life-giving in the practices of their employees. During the ‘dreaming’ process, employees' wellbeing was identified as a strength. During the ‘designing’ phase, a training program was co-designed to build on employees' existing levels of wellbeing. This paper reports outcomes as part of the ‘achieving destiny component’ of the AI process. In particular, the outcomes show that employees' knowledge of, and ability to use positive emotions increased, which is a positive first step for increasing employees' wellbeing and organisational resilience.
On Global Linear Convergence in Stochastic Nonconvex Optimization for Semidefinite Programming

Nonconvex reformulations via low-rank factorization for stochastic convex semidefinite optimization problem have attracted arising attention due to their empirical efficiency and scalability. Compared with the original convex formulations, the nonconvex ones typically involve much fewer variables, allowing them to scale to scenarios with millions of variables. However, it opens a new challenge that under what conditions the nonconvex stochastic algorithms may find the population minimizer within the optimal statistical precision despite their empirical success in applications. In this paper, we provide an answer that the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method can be adapted to solve the nonconvex reformulation of the original convex problem, with a global linear convergence when using a fixed step size, i.e., converging exponentially fast to the population minimizer within an optimal statistical precision in the restricted strongly convex case. If a diminishing step size is adopted, the bad effect caused by the variance of gradients on the optimization error can be eliminated but the rate is dropped to be sublinear. The core of our treatment relies on a novel second-order descent lemma, which is more general than the existing best result in the literature and improves the analysis on both online and batch algorithms. The developed theoretical results and effectiveness of the suggested SGD are also verified by a series of experiments.
The Role of Perceived Social Support as a Contributor to the Successful Transition from Primary to Lower Secondary School

ABSTRACT Following approximately 1,800 Finnish children, this longitudinal study examined the associations between students’ perceived social support (teacher-student relationships, family support, and peer support), behavioral engagement, cynicism towards school, and academic achievement during the transition from primary to lower secondary school. After controlling for parental educational level and cynicism before the school transition, the results showed that the more students experienced pre-transition peer support, the less they reported post-transition cynicism. Furthermore, pre-transition peer support contributed to students’ increased academic achievement and behavioral engagement after the transition through decreased cynicism. The findings indicated that peer support functions as a protective factor against cynicism as students move through the critical school transition phase and positively contributes to students’ behavioral engagement and academic achievement.