Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H eavy-Ion C ollisions

thestriking regularity shown by particleyieldsatallenergies.Thishasled to severalvery successful proposalsdescribing particleyieldsovera very widerangeofbeam energies,reaching from 1 A G eV up to 200 A G eV ,using only one ortwo param eters.A system atic com parison ofthese proposalsis presented here.Theconditionsof(cid:12)xed energy perparticle,baryon+ anti-baryon density,norm alized entropy density as wellas percolation m odelare investigated. The results are com pared with the m ost recent chem icalfreeze-out param eters obtained in the therm al-statisticalanalysis ofparticle yields.The sensitivity and dependenceofthe resultson param etersisanalyzed and discussed.Itis shown thatin the energy range above the top AG S energy,within presentaccuracies,allchem ical freeze-out criteria give a fairly good description of the particle yields. H owever, the low energy heavy-ion data favor the constant energy per particle as a uni(cid:12)ed condition ofchem icalparticle freeze-out.Thiscondition also showstheweakestsensitivity on m odelassum ptionsand param eters.
Satellite DNA and Chromosomal Evolution in Ctenomys Rodents: A Necessary Clarification

heterochromatin is not involved in chromosomal rearrangements. This conclusion seems to conflict with our previous work in which we showed that expansion and contractions of RPCS are associated with changes in karyotypes, whereas stasis of RPCS correlated to chromosomal stability [Slamovits et al., 2001]. However, these 2 papers differ in the group of studied species and, actually the main point, in their experimental approaches. The role that heterochromatic RPCS (and satellite DNAs in general) plays in chromosomal architecture does not rely merely on its copy number but, instead, on its dynamics of expansion, contraction and intragenomic movement. For this reason, we were convinced that it was essential to evaluate the evolution of RPCS through the cladogenetic process in Ctenomys . From this perspective, we employed phylogenetic approaches not only to estimate the evolutionary relationship among lineages (that in our case were quite divergent), but also to examine the relationship between dynamics of RPCS and karyotype variability. We employed the following approach: first, we obtained the cytochrome b-based phylogeny of 28 Ctenomys species that represent almost all main lineages of the genus. Then, we estimated the RPCS copy number by dotblot hybridization, and, considering it as a continuous character, we reconstructed its hypothetical states in all Ctenomys is a quite large group of South American subterranean rodents (more than 60 species) that exhibits the widest range of karyotype diversity in mammals with chromosomal diploid numbers (2n) ranging from 10 to 70. Ctenomys has been considered as an example of explosive cladogenesis triggered by chromosomal repatterning [for a comprehensive classical review on Ctenomys , see Reig et al., 1990]. Chromosomal repatterning has been related to factors that reach from the population down to the genomic level. Recurrent contractions and expansions of repetitive Pvull Ctenomys sequence (RPCS), the major heterochromatic satellite DNA present in these genomes, have been related to chromosomal evolution in Ctenomys [Rossi et al., 1995; Slamovits et al., 2001]. Recently, Cytogenetic and Genome Research published an article by Novello et al. [2010] that, among other points, analyzes the relation between heterochromatin content, chromosomal diploid and fundamental number (FN) in 7 populations belonging to the Uruguayan species of the Ctenomys . After expressing heterochromatin content as the percentage of C-positive areas of entire metaphases, the authors performed a linear-regression test between these percentages and 2n and NF values. Since the regression values resulted low, they concluded that in the case of the Uruguayan Ctenomys populations, Accepted: December 6, 2010 by M. Schmid Published online: March 23, 2011
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Drug-Eluting Balloon and Stent for Infrapopliteal Artery Revascularization

Background: Drug-eluting balloon (DEB) and drug-eluting stent (DES) have been proposed for the treatment of infrapopliteal artery disease. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current available studies investigating outcomes of DEB and DES in the treatment of infrapopliteal artery disease. Methods: Multiple databases were systematically searched to identify studies investigating the outcomes of DEB and DES in the treatment of patients with infrapopliteal artery disease. The quality of studies was assessed by Cochrane Collaboration method. The demographic data, risk factors, outcomes, and antiplatelet strategy were extracted. Results: Nine studies were identified with 707 and 606 patients in DEB/DES and standard percutaneous balloon angioplasty (PTA)/bare metal stenting (BMS) group, respectively. The risk of target lesion revascularization (TLR; odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23-0.63, P < .01), restenosis rate (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.18-0.50, P < .01), and amputation rate (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.29-0.83, P < .01) significantly decreased in the DES group. The overall survival (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.56-1.32, P = .50) was similar in DES and standard PTA/BMS group; TLR (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.32-1.09, P = .09), restenosis rate (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.11-2.14, P = .35), amputation rate (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.51-3.40, P = .57), and overall survival (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.72-2.71, P = .32) were similar in DEB and standard PTA group. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis suggests that compared with standard PTA/BMS, DES may decrease the risk of clinically driven TLR, restenosis rate, and amputation rate without any impact on mortality. However, DEB has no obvious advantage in the treatment of infrapopliteal disease. Due to the limitations of our study, more randomized controlled trials, especially those for DEB, are necessary.
Fully Inkjet Printed RF Inductors and Capacitors Using Polymer Dielectric and Silver Conductive Ink With Through Vias

In this paper, fully inkjet printed multilayer capacitors and inductors are fabricated and characterized using poly 4-vinylphenol (PVP) ink as the dielectric layer and silver nanoparticle ink as the conductor. Inkjet printed through vias, created with a novel dissolving method are used to make RF structures in a multilayer inkjet printing process. The vias have been realized in a 350-nm PVP film and exhibit resistance better than 0.1 Ω. Spiral inductors from 10 to 75 nH have been realized with maximum quality factors around five. The 10-nH inductor exhibits a self-resonant frequency slightly below 1 GHz. Metal-insulator-metal capacitors are realized with densities of 50 pF/mm2. These capacitors demonstrate values ranging from 16 to 50 pF. The 16-pF capacitor shows a self-resonant frequency over 1.5 GHz. The successful implementation of inductors and capacitors in an all inkjet printed multilayer process with vias is an important step toward fully inkjet-printed large area and flexible RF systems.
Effect of Dietary Energy Levels of Gestating Sows on Physiological Parameters and Reproductive Performance

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy levels of gestating gilts on physiological parameters and reproductive performance for primiparous sows. A total of 40 F1 gilts (Large White×Landrace) were allocated to 4 treatments using a completely randomized design (CRD). Four different experimental diets contained 3,165, 3,265 3,365 and 3,465 kcal of ME/kg and each diet was provided to gilts at 2.0 kg/d during gestation. Consequently, energy intake of each treatment of gestating gilts was 6,330, 6,530, 6,730 and 6,930 kcal ME/kg, respectively. During the whole gestation period, body weight, fat mass gain and backfat thickness of gilts were increased in proportion to dietary energy levels (p 0.10). At farrowing, the total number of pigs born per litter did not show any significant difference among treatments. However, the number of pigs born alive per litter in treatment 6,730 kcal ME/d was significantly higher than that of other treatments (p<0.05). Moreover, litter weight at birth was improved as dietary energy level was increased (p<0.05). Feed intake of sows during lactation tended to decrease as dietary energy level of gestation was increased, but litter weight gain was not affected by dietary treatment during the gestation period. Fat content in colostrum was higher as dietary energy level was increased during gestation. The concentration of blood estradiol-17β was increased and was higher at the first trimester of gestation in 6,730 kcal ME/d treatment compared to other treatments. These results suggested that increased dietary energy level during gestation resulted in higher body weight and backfat thickness of sows. In addition, reproductive performance of the sow, such as litter weight at farrowing and the number of pigs born alive, was improved when 6,730 kcal of ME/d treatment diet was provided. Consequently, the NRC (1998) recommendation of energy for gestating gilts (6,015 to 6,150 kcal of ME/d) should be reevaluated to maximize reproductive performance because recent high-producing sows require much more energy to produce a large litter size and heavier piglets from the first parity.
ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF ADDICTIVE SEXUAL DISORDERS: RELEVANCE FOR CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY RELAPSE

Despite some skepticism about the existence of sexual addiction, the addiction model has proven very useful for treating compulsive sexual behaviors. Addictive sexual disorders often coexist with chemical dependency and are a frequently unrecognized cause of chemical dependency relapse. Sex addiction also contributes significantly to the spread of HIV disease. This paper reviews the differential diagnosis of addictive sexual disorders, their assessment, their treatment, and their interaction with chemical dependency, and provides information about 12-step (mutual-help) resources. [Translations are provided in the International Abstracts Section of this issue. ]
Fluoroscopy‐guided snare retrieval of the celt ACD® metallic vascular closure device following failed deployment

We report a case of endovascular snare retrieval of a new stainless steel vascular closure device (Celt ACD®, Kimal, Middlesex, UK) from the common femoral artery, following device failure after diagnostic coronary angiography. The stainless steel composition of the device aided successful fluoroscopic localization and removal. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Visceral Pigmentation in Three Species of the Genus Scinax (Anura: Hylidae): Distinct Morphological Pattern

Amphibians share with other ectothermic vertebrates an extracutaneous pigmentary system consisting of melanin‐containing cells in various organs and tissues. We describe the interspecific variation in the visceral pigmentation in three anuran species (Scinax similis, S. fuscovarius, and S. fuscomarginatus). We analyzed the visceral pigmentation of 15 adult males from each species during the reproductive period. The individuals were weighed and measured, and the pigmented visceral cells were classified and documented in stereomicroscope. The shape and amount of pigment cells differed among organs and also among species. Significant differences were detected in the cardiorespiratory system, digestory system, urogenital system, and lumbosacral peritoneum. In the urogenital system, the main difference was observed in the testes, in which only S. fuscomarginatus had varying degrees of pigmentation. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Living in a Restricted Occupational World: The Occupational Experiences of Stroke Survivors who are Wheelchair Users and Their Caregivers

Background. In order to meet the responsibilities of understanding and enabling occupation, occupational scientists and therapists must conduct research that is framed within an occupational perspective. Purpose. This paper reports the results of a qualitative investigation of the occupational experiences of stroke survivors (n=16) who use wheelchairs and their primary caregivers (n=15). Results. Inductive analysis of data collected via in-depth interviews resulted in two major themes related to occupation, specifically: living in a restricted occupational world and challenges to participation in occupation. These results highlight the overall experience labeled occupation by default, and the intricate interconnections or spill-over effect between the occupations of stroke survivors and caregivers. Practice Implications. In addition to providing empirical support for the importance of having a sense of control over occupation and the connection between occupation and identity, the results have implications for practice aimed at enabling occupation and directions for future research. As well, the results illustrate that occupational therapy services need to extend beyond wheelchair prescription in order to enable occupation with clients.
Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Corn, Corn Distillers' Dried Grains with Solubles, Wheat Middlings, and Bakery By-Products in Broilers and Laying Hens.

Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) of 5 samples of corn distillers dried grain with solubles (DDGS), 5 samples of bakery by-products (BBP), 3 samples of corn, and 1 sample of wheat middlings (WM) were evaluated in broilers and laying hens. Diets containing each of the 14 feed ingredients were evaluated in 21 day-old broiler chickens. The DDGS and BBP containing diets were fed to 30-week-old laying hens, while corn and wheat middling were evaluated in 50-week-old laying hens. All the diets were semi-purified with each feed ingredient being the only source of amino acid (AA). To obtain SIAAD values, apparent ileal AA digestibility was corrected for basal ileal endogenous AA losses using values generated from broilers and laying hens fed a nitrogen-free diet. Ileal crude protein digestibility for the 5 DDGS samples was higher (P < 0.05) in broilers than in laying hens. Broilers had higher SIAAD for DDGS 2, 3, 4, and 5 while there was no difference for DDGS 1 except for 4 AA where broilers had higher (P < 0.05) SIAAD values. Standardized ileal AA digestibility values for broilers were higher (P < 0.05) for BBP 1 and 4. Ileal CP digestibility for corn 1 was higher (P < 0.05) for broilers compared to laying hens, and SIAAD values for the 16 AA (9 indispensable and 7 dispensable) evaluated in this study were higher (P < 0.05) in broilers. Broilers had higher (P < 0.05) SIAAD values for 4 (histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, and valine) and 6 (histidine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and valine) indispensable and 3 (cysteine, glutamic acid, and proline) and 4 (cysteine, glutamic acid, proline, and serine) dispensable AA for corn 2 and corn 3, respectively. No difference in SIAAD between broilers and laying hens was observed for WM. Results from this study confirm that high variability in digestibility exists between different samples of DDGS. Differences in SIAAD between broilers and laying hens were observed in some samples of DDGS and BBP.
Speech enhancement based on smoothing of spectral noise floor

This paper presents robust speech enhancement using noise estimation based on smoothing of spectral noise floor (SNF) for nonstationary noise environments. The spectral gain function is obtained by well-known log-spectral amplitude (LSA) estimation criterion associated with the speech presence uncertainty. The noise estimate is given by averaging actual spectral power values, using a smoothing parameter that depends on smoothing of spectral noise floor. The noise estimator is very simple but achieves a good tracking capability for a nonstationary noise. Its enhanced speech is free of musical tones and reverberation artifacts and sounds very natural compared to methods using other short-time spectrum attenuation techniques. The performance is measured by the segmental signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the speech/ speaker recognition accuracy and the speaker change detection rate for the audio segmentation using MFCC-features (Mel-scale Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) in comparison to other single microphone noise reduction methods.
Myasthenia gravis: a retrospective study comparing thymectomy to conservative treatment

Objectives– To study the effectiveness of thymectomy (TY) in a group of patients with myasthenia gravis compared to a group of patients submitted to conservative treatment (CT) at a similar clinical stage. Methods – Among 153 patients with myasthenia gravis, we paired 28 patients who underwent TY, with 28 cases under CT. The following data were analyzed: gender, age, and age at the beginning of symptoms, illness duration, follow‐up time and type of medical treatment. There was no statistical difference between these 2 groups. The mean time for TY was 2.5 (0.2‐13) years after the onset of the disease. The cases were evaluated through a functional scale at the beginning and at the end of the study. Results – We found complete remission in 15 cases (TY 6, CT 9), improved (normal life with or without minimal symptoms and with or without medication) 9 cases (TY 8, CT 1), improved with partial control and minimal limitation 32 cases (TY 14, CT 18), and poor control 2 cases (TY 2). No death was found in this group. Conclusion – There was no statistical difference between the conservative treatment and thymectomy groups, regarding remission or improvement. Furthermore TY done in the first year of the disease or latter, did not change the ®naloutcome.
Nocturnal Changes in Knee Cartilage Thickness in Young Healthy Adults

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows one to analyze cartilage physiology in vivo. Cartilage deforms during loading, but little is known about its recovery after deformation. Here we study ‘nocturnal’ changes in knee cartilage thickness and whether postexercise deformation differs between morning and evening. Axial magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired in the right knees of 17 healthy volunteers (age 23.5 ± 3.0 years) after a normal day, and then after 30 deep knee bends. Coronal images were additionally acquired in 8 of these volunteers after a normal day and then after 2 min of static loading of the leg with 150% body weight. The volunteers then remained unloaded overnight and the same protocol was repeated in the morning. A significant increase (p < 0.01) in cartilage thickness was observed between evening (preexercise) and morning (preexercise): +2.4% in the patella, +8.4% in the medial tibia and +6.2% in the lateral tibia. Deformation in the morning (–6.8/ –4.6/–5.1%) was generally greater than that in the evening (–5.4/–3.2/–3.7%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance. No significant difference in the nocturnal thickness increase (or postexercise deformation) was observed between men and women. We conclude that knee cartilage (thickness) recovers overnight by approximately 2–8%, independent of sex. Given the lack of ‘predeformation’ after nocturnal periods of unloading, morning postexercise deformation of the cartilage may have a greater magnitude than evening postexercise deformation.
Predicting Chinese Children and Youth's Energy Expenditure Using ActiGraph Accelerometers: A Calibration and Cross-Validation Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and cross-validate an equation based on ActiGraph accelerometer GT3X output to predict children and youth's energy expenditure (EE) of physical activity (PA). Method: Participants were 367 Chinese children and youth (179 boys and 188 girls, aged 9 to 17 years old) who wore 1 ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer on their right hip during the following tests/activities: resting metabolic rate (RMR), six 5-min treadmill walk/runs (tested at different speeds: 3 km·h− 1, 4 km·h− 1, 5 km·h− 1, 6 km·h− 1, 7 km·h− 1, and 8 km·h− 1), 1 broadcast gymnastics, and 2 table-tennis exercises. Participants' oxygen consumption was measured using Cosmed K4b2. The participants were randomly divided into a calibration group (n = 331, 90%) and a cross-validation group (n = 36, 10%). The calibration group's data were used to determine the relationship between EE and triaxial vector magnitude counts (VM) using the Pearson correlation and to derive the equation using a stepwise multiple regression. In the cross-validation group, differences between measured and predicted EE were evaluated using pairwise t tests. Results: VM activity counts had a moderately high correlation with EE (r = .758, p < .01). An EE prediction equation was developed: EE (kcal·min− 1) = 0.00083 × VM+0.073 × weight − 2.01 (R 2 = .72, SEE = 1.45 kcal·min− 1). According to the cross-validation study results, this equation could predict the EE within the range of known accuracy (i.e., about 20% error). Conclusions: An equation based on ActiGraph accelerometer VM activity counts was derived to predict EE of PA in Chinese children and youth within the range of known accuracy.
Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM Control for Cascaded Multilevel Voltage Source Converters: A Generalized Formula

This paper proposes a generalized formulation for selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (SHE-PWM) control suitable for high-voltage high-power cascaded multilevel voltage source converters (VSC) with both equal and nonequal dc sources used in constant frequency utility applications. This formulation offers more degrees of freedom for specifying the cost function without any physical changes to the converter circuit, as compared to conventional stepped waveform technique, and hence the performance of the converter is greatly enhanced. The paper utilizes the merits of the hybrid real coded genetic algorithm (HRCGA) in finding the optimal solution to the nonlinear equation system with fast and guaranteed convergence. It is confirmed that multiple independent sets of solutions exist. Different operating points for both five- and seven-level converters including single- and three-phase patterns are documented. Selected experimental results are reported to verify and validate the theoretical and simulation findings.
Sensitivity and specificity of adenosine deaminase in diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common chronic rheumatic diseases inchildren with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It also has no diagnostic test and its clinical diagnosis ismade through ruling out other types of arthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of ADA (AdenosineDeaminase) in the serum of JIA patients and to compare it with that of patients with Reactive Arthritis(RA). Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of serum ADA level in JIA was another objective. Methods: The study included 120 children with JIA (mean age= 7.6 ± 4.3 years) and 40 children with RA(mean age= 5.5 ± 3.1 years). The ADA was measured in the active phase of both diseases. Results: The mean ADA serum level was obtained as 15.8 ± 11.8 U/l in JIA patients and 14.3 ± 7.5 U/l in RApatients. The difference was statistically insignificant (p= 0.4). Another finding of this study was the significantspecificity (77.5%) of this laboratory parameter for JIA in comparison with its low sensitivity (36.7%). Positivepredictive value was 83% and negative predictive value 29%. Conclusion: Determination of ADA serum levels is a noninvasive reliable and easy biomarker for diagnosis ofJIA and it can be used as alternative parameters representing disease activity.
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Inflation Expectations

Theory and evidence suggest that in an environment of well-anchored expectations, temporary economic news or shocks should not affect agents' expectations of inflation in the long term. Our estimated structural VARs show that both long- and short-term inflation expectations are sensitive to policy-related uncertainty shocks. While economic activity contracts, long-term inflation expectations raise in response to such shocks. These results suggest that observed uncertainty about the stance and perceived effectiveness of policy raises concerns about future inflation and entails additional risks to central banks' hard-won inflation credibility.