Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
It is more difficult to retrieve a familiar person's name and occupation from their voice than from their blurred face

Damjanovic and Hanley (2007) showed that episodic information is more readily retrieved from familiar faces than familiar voices, even when the two presentation modalities are matched for overall recognition rates by blurring the faces. This pattern of performance contrasts with the results obtained by Hanley and Turner (2000) who showed that semantic information could be recalled equally easily from familiar blurred faces and voices. The current study used the procedure developed by Hanley and Turner (2000) and applied it to the stimuli used by Damjanovic and Hanley (2007). The findings showed a marked decrease in retrieval of occupations and names from familiar voices relative to blurred faces even though the two modalities were matched for overall levels of recognition and rated familiarity. Similar results were obtained in Experiment 2 in which the same participants were asked to recognise both faces and voices. It is argued that these findings pose problems for any model of person recognition (e.g., Burton, Bruce, & Johnston, 1990) in which familiarity decisions occur beyond the point at which information from different modalities has been integrated.
A STUDY OF GOITER AMONG FEMALE ADOLESCENTS REFERRED TO CENTRE FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE, LAHORE

6 ABSTRACT: Objective: To study goiter and thyroid dysfunction in female adolescents residing in Lahore referred to Centre for Nuclear Medicine (CENUM), Mayo Hospital for thyroid scanning and thyroid function tests. Design: Retrospective study of thyroid size, thyroid scan patterns and serum FT 4 and TSH levels. Setting: Centre for Nuclear Medicine (CENUM), Mayo Hospital, Lahore Patients: 350 female adolescent referred during September 2002 to April 2003. Main outcome measures: adolescent goiter, thyroid nodules, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Gravesi disease, toxic multinodular goiter. Results: Among 350 adolescents 212(60.6%) had goiter of various grades mostly visible. Among goiterous patients 136(64.2%) had diffuse and 76 (35.8%) had nodular presentation. The number of patients with solitary nodular goiter (20.7%) was more than multinodular goiter (15.1%) and number of patients with solitary cold nodule (16.5%) was more than functioning nodule (4.2%). The incidence of biochemical thyroid dysfunction, both overt and subclinical, was detected in 42(19.8%) patients and was significantly more frequent in patients with nodular than diffuse presentation (29% VS 14.7%; p<0.001) and in multinodular than solitary nodular goiter (p<0.005). More than 80% of the patients with solitary nodular goiter were euthyroid. Simple goiter was detected in 116(54.7%), Gravesi disease in 5(2.4%) and toxic multinodular goitre in 4(1.9%) patients. Overall incidence of hypothyroidism was more than double as compared to hyperthyroidism. Incidence of nodularity and hypothyroidism was more in large goiter but duration of goiter was not signifi- cant in promoting nodularity. Conclusion: Goiterous adolescents need urgent attention because they donit have just diffuse hypertro- phy with normal thyroid function. Many are afflicted with dysfunction and nodularity, particularly solitary cold nodule bearing risk of thyroid malignancy.
Biological activity evaluation of the oils from Laurus nobilis of Tunisia and Algeria extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide

Isolation of essential oil from dried and ground leaves of Laurus nobilis L. from Algeria and Tunisia were obtained with two different methods: by means of classical hydrodistillation (HD) and by using carbon dioxide in the supercritical state (SFE). The effect of extraction pressure on the yield and composition of the L. nobilis volatile oil is examined. The best extraction conditions were as follows: pressure, 9.0 MPa; temperature, 323.15 K; 4 h of extraction and carbon dioxide flow, Φ = 1.2 kg h−1. Waxes were entrapped in the first separator set at 9.0 MPa and 263.15 K. The oil was recovered in the second separator working at 2.0 bar and 288.15 K. GC/MS analysis of the leaves' volatile oil revealed that it mainly consisted of: 1,8-cineole, linalool, α-terpinyl acetate, methyl eugenol and sabinene. The comparison with the hydrodistilled oil did not reveal any big difference. The collection of samples at different extraction times during supercritical extraction allowed us to monitor the change of the oil composition. On the matrice exhaust owing to a SFE at 9.0 MPa, one further extraction at 323.15 K and 24.0 MPa was performed to obtain a mixture of compounds with higher molecular weight. Finally, the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the various extracts has been assayed.
Adipose-derived stromal cell in regenerative medicine: A review

The application of appropriate cell origin for utilizing in regenerative medicine is the major issue. Various kinds of stem cells have been used for the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Such as, several stromal cells have been employed as treat option for regenerative medicine. For example, human bone marrow-derived stromal cells and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) are used in cell-based therapy. Data relating to the stem cell therapy and processes associated with ADSC has developed remarkably in the past 10 years. As medical options, both the stromal vascular and ADSC suggests good opportunity as marvelous cell-based therapeutics. The some biological features are the main factors that impact the regenerative activity of ADSCs, including the modulation of the cellular immune system properties and secretion of bioactive proteins such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, as well as their intrinsic anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory potential. A variety of diseases have been treated by ADSCs, and it is not surprising that there has been great interest in the possibility that ADSCs might be used as therapeutic strategy to improve a wider range of diseases. This is especially important when it is remembered that routine therapeutic methods are not completely effective in treat of diseases. Here, it was discuss about applications of ADSC to colitis, liver failure, diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, orthopaedic disorders, hair loss, fertility problems, and salivary gland damage.
Dynamically power-optimized channel-select filter for zero-IF GSM

A 1.2 V channel-select filter is implemented in a 0.18 /spl mu/m digital CMOS process for a zero-IF GSM system. The filter includes a coarse AGC system with dynamic impedance scaling and dynamic biasing to optimize power consumption, which is scaled down in 5 steps from 2.6 mW to 0.45 mW per channel without introducing transients due to the changes. The area per channel is 1.2 mm/sup 2/.
POLITICAL ECONOMY UNDER WEAK INSTITUTIONSf Do Juntas Lead to Personal Rule

Although almost half of the world’s population lives under nondemocratic regimes, the questions of how policy decisions are made and how power changes hands in nondemocracies have received relatively little attention in the political economy literature. A popular view, forcefully articulated by Gordon Tullock (1987), is that because there are no strong institutions ensuring consensus and regulating the election and succession of leaders, nondemocratic regimes rapidly degenerate into personal rule, where a single dictator dominates every aspect of decision-making. Tullock writes: “Empirically the Junta characteristically shrinks to one man . ” ( p. 144) and continues to explain this as the result of dynamic interactions among the members of the junta. He suggests that there will typically be an accumulation of power by one of the junta members. If this upstart member succeeds, he becomes the sole ruler. If he fails, he is eliminated by the other members of the junta. This process continues until one member is standing. Tullock thus concludes: “It can be seen that this process would tend over time to lead the junta into becoming just one man through the gradual exclusion of individuals who had failed in plotting or the success of an individual who had not” ( p. 145). Tullock’s account, like that of many others, implicitly recognizes that politics in nondemocratic and weakly institutionalized societies Political Economy undEr WEak institutions †
The isolated and combined effects of selected physical activity and ibuprofen on delayed-onset muscle soreness

Delayed-onset muscle soreness refers to the skeletal muscle pain that is experienced following eccentric exercise. The aim of the present study was to examine the physiological effects of physical activity with or without ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness. Forty-four non-athletic male volunteers (age 24.3 ± 2.4 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: physical activity (n = 11), ibuprofen (n = 11), physical activity and ibuprofen (combination, n = 11), or control (n = 11). The physical activity programme comprised 5 min of walking and jogging, 10 min of static stretching of the hands and shoulder girdle, and 5 min of concentric movements with sub-maximal contractions. The total amount of ibuprofen consumed by a single individual was 2800 mg; this was taken from 1 h before the eccentric actions up to 48 h after it. Delayed onset muscle soreness was induced by performing 70 eccentric contractions of the biceps muscle of the non-dominant side on a modified arm curl machine. Perceived muscle soreness, maximal eccentric contraction, creatine kinase enzyme activity and elbow range of motion were assessed 1 h before and 1, 24 and 48 h after the eccentric actions. The results indicated that, after the eccentric actions, soreness increased (P < 0.001) across time in all groups, with the highest values being recorded at 24 h. At 24 and 48 h, greater soreness (P < 0.001) was observed in the control group than in the physical activity and combination groups. After the eccentric actions, creatine kinase increased and was elevated (P < 0.001) compared with baseline in all groups, with values returning to baseline in the physical activity and combination groups by 48 h. However, creatine kinase in the control and ibuprofen groups was still significantly higher than at baseline after 48 h. Creatine kinase was higher (P < 0.001) in the control group than in physical activity and combination groups at 24 and 48 h. There was also a reduction (P < 0.001) in elbow range of motion across time. This reduction in elbow range of motion was greater (P < 0.001) in the control and ibuprofen groups than in the physical activity and combination groups at 1, 24 and 48 h. The reduction in maximum eccentric contraction was greater (P < 0.001) in the control and ibuprofen groups than in the physical activity group at 24 and 48 h and the combination group at 48 h. In conclusion, the results add to our understanding of the effects of physical activity and the combination of physical activity and ibuprofen in reducing the severity of muscle soreness induced by eccentric exercise. Physical activity conducted before eccentric exercise alleviates muscle soreness. Our results indicate that physical activity with or without ibuprofen helps to prevent delayed-onset muscle soreness.
Mechanisms of accurate translesion synthesis by human DNA polymerase η

The XPV (xeroderma pigmentosum variant) gene encodes human DNA polymerase η (pol η), which is involved in the replication of damaged DNA. Pol η catalyzes efficient and accurate translesion synthesis past cis‐syn cyclobutane di‐thymine lesions. Here we show that human pol η can catalyze translesion synthesis past an abasic (AP) site analog, N‐2‐acetylaminofluorene (AAF)‐modified guanine, and a cisplatin‐induced intrastrand cross‐link between two guanines. Pol η preferentially incorporated dAMP and dGMP opposite AP, and dCMP opposite AAF‐G and cisplatin‐GG, but other nucleotides were also incorporated opposite these lesions. However, after incorporating an incorrect nucleotide opposite a lesion, pol η could not continue chain elongation. In contrast, after incorporating the correct nucleotide opposite a lesion, pol η could continue chain elongation, whereas pol α could not. Thus, the fidelity of translesion synthesis by human pol η relies not only on the ability of this enzyme to incorporate the correct nucleotide opposite a lesion, but also on its ability to elongate only DNA chains that have a correctly incorporated nucleotide opposite a lesion.
Preclinical Evaluation of 18F-PF-05270430, a Novel PET Radioligand for the Phosphodiesterase 2A Enzyme

The enzyme phosphodiesterase 2A (PF-05270430) is a potential target for development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of cognitive impairments. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the PDE2A ligand 18F-PF-05270430, 4-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-(1-methyl-5-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazine, in nonhuman primates. Methods: 18F-PF-05270430 was radiolabeled by 2 methods via nucleophilic substitution of its tosylate precursor. Tissue metabolite analysis in rodents and PET imaging in nonhuman primates under baseline and blocking conditions were performed to determine the pharmacokinetic and binding characteristics of the new radioligand. Various kinetic modeling approaches were assessed to select the optimal method for analysis of imaging data. Results: 18F-PF-05270430 was synthesized in greater than 98% radiochemical purity and high specific activity. In the nonhuman primate brain, uptake of 18F-PF-05270430 was fast, with peak concentration (SUVs of 1.5–1.8 in rhesus monkeys) achieved within 7 min after injection. The rank order of uptake was striatum > neocortical regions > cerebellum. Regional time–activity curves were well fitted by the 2-tissue-compartment model and the multilinear analysis-1 (MA1) method to arrive at reliable estimates of regional distribution volume (VT) and binding potential (BPND) with 120 min of scan data. Regional VT values (MA1) ranged from 1.28 mL/cm3 in the cerebellum to 3.71 mL/cm3 in the putamen, with a BPND of 0.25 in the temporal cortex and 1.92 in the putamen. Regional BPND values estimated by the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) were similar to those from MA1. Test–retest variability in high-binding regions (striatum) was 4% ± 6% for MA1 VT, 13% ± 6% for MA1 BPND, and 13% ± 7% SRTM BPND, respectively. Pretreatment of animals with the PDE2A inhibitor PF-05180999 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of 18F-PF-05270430 specific binding, with a half maximal effective concentration of 69.4 ng/mL in plasma PF-05180999 concentration. Conclusion: 18F-PF-05270430 displayed fast and reversible kinetics in nonhuman primates, as well as specific binding blockable by a PDE2A inhibitor. This is the first PET tracer with desirable imaging properties and demonstrated ability to image and quantify PDE2A in vivo.
Efficacy and toxicity of intermediate-dose amphotericin B lipid complex as a primary or salvage treatment of fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies

We treated 74 adults with a hematological malignancy and documented or suspected invasive fungal infection (IFI) with amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) at 3 mg/kg/day. Forty-five patients (61%) received upfront therapy and 29 patients (39%) received salvage therapy for their IFI. Forty-eight of 71 evaluable patients responded [complete responses in 40 (56%) and partial responses in 8 (11%)] and 15 (21%) died as a consequence of the IFI. Response rates in invasive aspergillosis were 33 out of 49 (67%) for probable/definite cases and 6 out of 11 (55%) for invasive candidiasis. In 40 patients with neutropenia-associated IFI, rapid neutropenic recovery ( < 10 days from study entry) was essential for response to therapy (90% vs. 32%, P < 0.01). Treatment was well tolerated, with 15% infusions followed by infusion-related adverse events, nephrotoxicity in 7% of patients and 11% of withdrawals due to toxicity. These data suggest that intermediate-doses of ABLC may be of similar efficacy than higher doses with less toxicity, making it a cost-effective alternative worthy of study in future trials.
The comparison of MRI and Ultrasound in prenatal identification of invasive placentation : a meta-analysis based on 20 parallel control studies

Background: Many previous studies have investigated the Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Ultrasound (US)’s efficiencies in invasive placentation. However, their results were not incomplete agreement. The aim of this research was using meta-analysis method by pooling parallel control studies to compare the MRI and US’s efficiencies in invasive placentation. Methods: Sensitivity and 95% confidence interval (CI), specificity and 95% CI, positive likelihood ratios (LR+) and 95% CI, negative Likelihood Ratios (LR-) and 95% CI, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and 95% CI, area under curve (AUC) and 95% CI, summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) of both US and MRI were calculated. Results: This paper found that the sensitivity of MRI for diagnosis of placenta accreta defects was 85%, with a specificity of 88%. The sensitivity and specificity of US were 86% and 92% respectively, while the sensitivity of color Doppler US was 84% with a specificity of 91%. Conventional dichotomous and continuous data meta-analysis methods did not find any evidence that the relevant indexes of MRI and US were significant different. Conclusion: Considering on the economy, safety, non-invasive and time-saving of US, and no different between US and MRI on diagnostic accuracies, this study suggests that US still remains the preferred choice for diagnosis of placenta accreta. Meantime, MRI can be a complementary to US because it can reveal signs which are invisible by US.
Genetic deletion of AT 1 a receptors attenuates intracellular accumulation of ANG II in the kidney of AT 1 a receptor-deficient mice

Li XC, Navar LG, Shao Y, Zhuo JL. Genetic deletion of AT1a receptors attenuates intracellular accumulation of ANG II in the kidney of AT1a receptor-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293: F586–F593, 2007. First published May 30, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00489. 2006. —We and others have previously shown that high levels of ANG II are accumulated in the rat kidney via a type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated mechanism, but it is not known which AT1 receptor is involved in this process in rodents. We tested the hypothesis that AT1a receptor-deficient mice (Agtr1a / ) are unable to accumulate ANG II intracellularly in the kidney because of the absence of AT1a receptor-mediated endocytosis. Adult male wildtype (Agtr1a / ), heterozygous (Agtr1a / ), and Agtr1a / were treated with vehicle, ANG II (40 ng/min ip via osmotic minipump), or ANG II plus the AT1 antagonist losartan (10 mg kg 1 day 1 po) for 2 wk. In wild-type mice, ANG II induced hypertension (168 4 vs. 113 3 mmHg, P 0.001), increased kidney-to-body weight ratio (P 0.01), caused pressure natriuresis (P 0.05), and elevated plasma and whole kidney ANG II levels (P 0.001). Concurrent administration of ANG II with losartan attenuated these responses to ANG II. In contrast, Agtr1a / mice had lower basal systolic pressures (P 0.001), smaller kidneys with much fewer AT1b receptors (P 0.001), higher basal 24-h urinary sodium excretion (P 0.01), as well as basal plasma and whole kidney ANG II levels (P 0.01). However, intracellular ANG II levels in the kidney were lower in Agtr1a / mice. In Agtr1a / mice, ANG II slightly increased systolic pressure (P 0.05) but had no effect on the kidney weight, urinary sodium excretion, and whole kidney ANG II levels. Losartan restored systolic pressure to basal levels and decreased whole kidney ANG II levels by 20% (P 0.05). These results demonstrate a predominant role of AT1a receptors in blood pressure regulation and in the renal responses to long-term ANG II administration, that AT1b receptors may play a limited role in blood pressure control and mediating intrarenal ANG II accumulation in the absence of AT1a receptors.
Effectiveness of bone density measurement for predicting osteoporotic fractures in clinical practice.

CONTEXT Bone density measurement with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is widely used for fracture risk assessment. It has not been established that published gradients of fracture risk from study populations can be directly applied to clinical populations. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess osteoporotic fracture prediction with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in a large clinical cohort. DESIGN This was a historical cohort study (mean observation period 3.2 +/- 1.5 yr). PATIENTS The study population was drawn from the population-based database of the Manitoba Bone Density Program. Analyses were limited to women aged 50 yr or older at baseline (n = 16,505). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Each subject's longitudinal health service record was assessed for the presence of nontrauma fracture codes (hip, spine, wrist, and humerus) after bone density testing. Age-adjusted hazard ratios for fracture were derived from Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Site-specific and overall fracture rates were significantly associated with each site of bone density measurement (all P < 0.00001). The 95% confidence intervals overlapped those from a widely cited metaanalysis of fracture prediction from different sites. Although fracture prediction was not significantly different between the three hip measurement sites, each hip site was better than the lumbar spine for predicting overall fractures (nonoverlapping 95% confidence intervals). The manufacturer sd (equivalent to a unit change in T-score) resulted in a significantly smaller gradient of risk for the spine than when the population sd was used. CONCLUSIONS Bone density measurements are effective for predicting fractures in clinical practice. However, hip measurements were superior to the spine in overall osteoporotic fracture prediction.
Méthodologie de modélisation de l'uni des chaussées souples et impact des sols d'infrastructure

L'etat des chaussees au Quebec necessite plusieurs interventions a court et moyen termes ainsi que des investissements majeurs afin d'ameliorer, dans son ensemble, le reseau routier. Les interventions necessaires au rajeunissement de ce dernier sont reparties sous la forme de projets specifiques de quelques kilometres et realises par l'entreprise privee selon des criteres de qualite stricts. Ce projet de doctorat veut fournir une aide a la decision et a la realisation de ces projets. Dans cette optique, une nouvelle methodologie de modelisation permettant d'estimer la qualite d'uni de la chaussee en fin de construction et propre au site considere est proposee. Cette methodologie est fondee sur la puissance et la versatilite d'un code de calcul numerique. L'approche numerique permet d'integrer la variabilite spatiale des caracteristiques particulieres au site et d'en evaluer ainsi les effets combines sur l'uni de la chaussee a partir de simulations numeriques. Les resultats issus de ces calculs se presentent sous la forme de deformations verticales evaluees a la surface de la chaussee et selon son axe longitudinal. De cette maniere, il est possible d'analyser le pseudo-profil ainsi obtenu et d'en exprimer la qualite et termes d'Indice de Rugosite International, l'IRI. L'analyse du pseudo-profil decompose selon des longueurs d'ondes specifiques va permettre d'estimer la contribution de chaque couche de la chaussee a la valeur d'IRI en fin de construction, particulierement la couche d'infrastructure. Dans le but de valider la methodologie developpee, un site a ete investigue afin de comparer les resultats de simulations numeriques avec les pseudo-profils mesures sur la chaussee en fin de construction. On y montre la contribution indeniable des sols d'infrastructure a la qualite de l'uni final. Cette contribution est due en partie a la variabilite du profil du terrain vierge ainsi qu'a la variabilite spatiale des proprietes des materiaux constituant la chaussee.