Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Feedback Sampling Clock Jitter on the Performance of Direct Learning Digital Predistortion in Wideband Systems

The sampling clock accuracy of the digital predistortion (DPD) feedback path is limited by nonideal electronic components, which introduces random clock jitter and thus degrades the system performance. In this letter, we analyzed the effect of feedback sampling clock jitter on the power amplifier (PA) model identification and hence on the DPD performance. The expression of the normalized mean square error (NMSE) caused by clock jitter is derived in terms of the variance of the jitter and the signal bandwidth. The theoretical analysis reveals that the performance degradation caused by clock jitter increases with the bandwidth of the orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) signal. Simulation results demonstrate that the NMSE performance degradation is consistent with the theoretical curve. The adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) performance degradation for a long term evolution (LTE)-advanced signal with 100 MHz bandwidth and a clock jitter of 0.5 ps is about 5 dB greater than the performance degradation caused by conventional feedback impairment model.
Селекционно-генетические аспекты создания продуктивных форм мягкой яровой пшеницы с высокой скоростью развития

Background. In Russia, wheat breeding should also focus on creation of earlier-maturing varieties with an optimal duration of the vegetation period reflecting territorial environmental features. It is very important to overcome the negative correlation between the early maturity and productivity of wheat. The present work was aimed at analyzing special features of genetic and physiological mechanisms of early maturity in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and at determining possibilities of creating recombinants with high development rate and plant productivity. Materials and methods . The study employed such ultra-early spring wheat accessions as 'Rico' (k-65588), 'Foton' (k-55696), 'Fori' lines (kk-65589 . 65596) selected from F4 hybrids of 'Foton' x 'Rico', and 'Rifor' lines selected from F6-7 hybrids of 'Rico' x 'Forlani Roberto' (k-42641). Genetics of the development rate was studied using hybridological analysis and 'Triple Dirk' near isogenic lines. Photoperiodic sensitivity was evaluated under 18-hour (natural day) and at 12-hour (short day) conditions. Vernalization was performed within 30 days at 3°C. Results and conclusion . The ultra-early maturing accessions of spring wheat 'Rico', 'Foton', as well as 'Fori', 'Rifor 1', 'Rifor 6' and 'Rifor 7' lines had the shortest vegetation period in comparison with varieties from the VIR collection of plant genetic resources. These accessions had weak photoperiodic sensitivity and were insensitive to vernalization. The lines did not change their characteristics in different ecological conditions. Besides the Eps gene, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1, Ppd-D1 and Ppd-B1 determined the rate of development of the ultra-early varieties 'Rico', 'Foton' and 'Fori'. Possibly, the Eps gene that controls ultra-earliness per se, is a set of polygenes (modifiers) with a low effect. No transgressive segregations in comparison with 'Rico' were recorded for the hybrids of the ultra-early 'Rico' with nine wheat varieties. A perspective cultivar 'Erythrospermum 25513' was created at the Chelyabinsk ARI with participation of 'Fori 7' line. 'Forlani Roberto' is a late variety, it responds to vernalization and photoperiod, and in good conditions its productive spike has 5-6 grains in the spikelet. The spring type of 'Forlani Roberto' is determined by the dominant gene Vrn-B1. The spikelet multi-seededness in productive 'Rifor' hybrids is determined by two or three genes and their expression depends on the environment. The selected ultra-early 'Rifor' lines have the number of grains per spike 1,5-2 times higher than in the parent line Rico, but the mass of grain per spike is below that of standard varieties. The yield per 1 m2 of Rifor 1, Rifor 8, Rifor 6 and Rifor 7 lines reached 81, 82, 84 and 94%, respectively, in comparison with the standard variety 'Leningradskaya 97'. Therefore, a possibility of creating wheat recombinants that combine ultra-earliness and high spike productivity is demonstrated.
Troponin elevations after non-cardiac, non-vascular surgery are predictive of major adverse cardiac events and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Patients undergoing non-cardiac, non-vascular surgery are at risk of major cardiovascular complications. In non-cardiac surgery, troponin elevation has previously been shown to be an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events and postoperative mortality; however, a majority of studies have focused on vascular surgery patients. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether troponin elevation is a predictor of major adverse cardiac events and mortality within 30 days and 1 yr after non-cardiac, non-vascular surgery. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in January 2016 according to the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Both interventional and observational studies measuring troponin within the first 4 days after surgery were eligible. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. RESULTS Eleven eligible clinical studies (n=2193) were identified. A postoperative troponin elevation was a predictor of 30 day mortality, odds ratio (OR) 3.52 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.21-5.62; I2=0%], and an independent predictor of 1 yr mortality, adjusted OR 2.53 (95% CI 1.20-5.36; I2=26%). A postoperative troponin elevation was associated with major adverse cardiac events at 30 days, OR 5.92 (95% CI 1.67-20.96; I2=86%), and 1 yr after surgery, adjusted OR 3.00 (95% CI 1.43-6.29; I2=21%). CONCLUSIONS Postoperative myocardial injury is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events and mortality within 30 days and 1 yr after non-cardiac, non-vascular surgery. The meta-analysis provides evidence that supports troponin monitoring as a cardiovascular risk stratification tool.
Purified Recombinant VP2 Protein Can Provide Complete Protection to very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Challenge as a Subunit Vaccine

Background: The very virulent infectious bursal disease virus has become the dominant path type that damage lymphoid tissues with high mortality in young chickens in China. Current commercial vaccines are modified live vaccines originated from classic form of virulent virus and cannot provide complete protection as they cause bursal atrophy and immunosuppression. There is an urgent call to develop more effective and safer vaccines.
Effectiveness of awareness raising interventions on knowledge about Rheumatic Heart Disease and change in care seeking behavior for throat infection in Lalitpur, Nepal

Background and Aims: Awareness raising is an important component of primary prevention of RHD. Data are lacking on primary prevention activities for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) prevention in Nepal. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of various awareness raising activities on increasing knowledge about throat infection (TI), acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and RHD and their impact on RHD prevention. Methods: Fourteen randomly selected government health facilities in Lalitpur were enrolled in this study. A baseline study conducted in early 2015 analyzed the level of knowledge about RHD among care seekers attending health facilities in Lalitpur. An expansive public awareness raising activities on RHD were performed for 2.5 years starting from February 2015. Data were collected using structured interviews, and review of health facility records. Data were analyzed to compare the postintervention status with the baseline status. Results: The mean knowledge about ARF and RHD increased by over 71% (1.82 to 3.12) and 124% (0.37 to 0.83) respectively in post intervention group. There was significant difference in knowledge about TI, ARF and RHD among baseline and post intervention group (p-value<0.0001). The number of throat infection cases presented at health facilities increased by 30.39% from fiscal year (FY) 2071/72 to FY 2072/073 and by 4.69% in the next FY. Conclusions: Awareness raising interventions are effective in increasing knowledge about TI, ARF and RHD which further can produce positive impact in the primary prevention of ARF and RHD.
Changes in pulmonary artery size before and after total cavopulmonary connection

Sir,—We read with interest the paper of Buheitel et al dealing with the important topic of pulmonary artery size in children before and after total cavopulmonary connection.1 We congratulate the authors on their contribution to the ongoing discussion about the fate of pulmonary arteries following various forms of right heart bypass operation.2 3 However, there are several issues related to the paper that were not clear. In our opinion the authors do not provide enough information about the surgical techniques used in the treatment of the patients either at primary palliation or during the so called total cavopulmonary connection. We particularly miss data related to the type of systemic–pulmonary arterial shunt preceding the total cavopulmonary connection, the extent of surgical reconstruction of the central pulmonary arteries, or the use of atrial baffle fenestration. It is not clear whether the total cavopulmonary connection was done as a primary right heart bypass operation or as a completion of previous hemi-Fontan or bidirectional superior cavopulmonary anastomosis. We believe that this information is crucial if the results of this study are to be compared with other published series.4 5 The authors studied two distinctly different groups of patients, which deserve closer analysis. The first, much younger group of patients (group I; mean age 1.5 month) had severely hypoplastic pulmonary arteries (Z score of the right and left pulmonary arteries −6.0 and −9.6, respectively) at the time of their first cardiac catheterisation. One can only assume that these patients had very low pulmonary blood flow and that they went on to have some form of initial palliation to augment pulmonary blood flow. This …
Comparative study of LTE simulations with the ns-3 and the Vienna simulators

In this paper we compare two simulators: ns-3 and Vienna, in the context of LTE networks, on four basic scenarios for which well-known analytical results exist. These scenarios differentiate themselves by the nature of the traffic (data or voice) and by the number of sources (infinite or finite). Our goal is twofold. First, by confronting the results of the two simulators with exact results, we can assess the accuracy of both simulators and compare their efficiency. Second, and maybe more importantly, we want to compare the ease of handling and use of both simulators, and list the difficulties encountered in the context of the four basic scenarios, that will necessarily arise in more realistic simulated scenarios, and explain how we worked around the problems. We hope this comparison will help researchers who work on LTE networks to choose the simulator that best suits their needs.
El turismo residencial como vector de cambio en las economías campesinas (Cotacachi, Ecuador)

El turismo se plantea como uno de los sectores que han de permitir la transformación de la matriz productiva en Ecuador. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de la industria turística requiere recursos naturales (tierra, agua), energéticos, humanos (mano de obra) y financieros (capital público y privado) que muchas veces ya están siendo empleados por otros sectores económicos, como el agrario, y los puede poner en riesgo. De hecho, el turismo participa en procesos globales que afectan negativamente a la agricultura campesina. Esto puede suponer una contradicción con otros preceptos del Plan Nacional para el Buen Vivir 2013-2017, que defienden el modelo de producción campesino, o con la defensa que la Constitución de Montecristi hace de los principios de soberanía alimentaria. El presente artículo estudia esta posible discordancia a partir de un caso concreto: el surgimiento del turismo residencial internacional en un cantón eminentemente rural del norte de Ecuador y sus efectos en la economía campesina.
Postoperative anticoagulation after free flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer: A systematic review

Postoperative use of anticoagulation after free tissue transfer in head and neck ablative procedures is common practice, but a clear protocol has not been well established. The outcome measures including total flap failure, thrombosis, and hematoma formation for different anticoagulation regimens in free tissue transfer in the head and neck were reviewed.
Effect of Flecainide on Action Potentials and Alternating Current‐Induced Arrhythmias in Mammalian Myocardium

Summary The new antiarrhythmic drug flecainide (2,5-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-N-(2-piperidylmethyl) benzamide acetate) increases action potential duration at 30 and 90% repolarization, and functional refractory period in guinea pig papillary muscle up to 10 μmol/L, but shortens the action potential and decreases its amplitude at 30 μmol/L, without significant change in resting potential. 10 μmol/L flecainide decreases maximal upstroke velocity (&OV0312;max) by about 40% at a stimulation rate of 1 Hz, whereas at 0.017 Hz &OV0312;max remains nearly unchanged (use-dependence). Flecainide delays recovery from inactivation of the fast-sodium channels. Its potential-dependent action on &OV0312;max is demonstrated by a shift to more negative potentials of the membrane responsiveness curve and of the curve that relates membrane potential to &OV0312;max in K+-depolarized papillary muscles driven at 0.017 Hz (hx-curve). Flecainide increases threshold of alternating current-induced arrhythmia and asystole in left atria and papillary muscles to a similar extent, and in this respect resembles the local anesthetics. Force of contraction of atrial and ventricular myocardium is significantly decreased at ≥10 μmol/L flecainide, and frequency of spontaneously beating right atria at ≥0.3 μmol/L. The results indicate that the predominant action of flecainide consists of a potent inhibition of cardiac fast sodium channels.
Intussusception in the cat – a retrospective study. Are there predisposing factors?

Gegenstand und Ziel: Es wird die Invagination des Darms bei der Katze mit Eruierung pradisponierender Ursachen sowie geeigneter diagnostischer und therapeutischer Optionen beschrieben. Material und Methoden: Retrospektive Auswertung der Daten von 13 Katzen, die im Zeitraum 2000 bis 2007 mit Invagination im Klinikum Veterinarmedizin der Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giesen, Klinik fur Kleintiere, Chirurgie vorgestellt wurden. Ergebnisse: Bei neun der 13 Patienten handelte es sich Maine-Coon-Katzen. Das durchschnittliche Alter betrug 48,2 Monate. Die klinische Symptomatik sowie Veranderungen im Nativrontgenbild des Abdomens waren unspezifisch. Die sonographisch gestellte Diagnose der Invagination konnte in 10 Fallen bei chirurgisch behandelten Patienten bestatigt werden. Bei 10 von 11 Patienten bestand eine Invagination im Bereich des Jejunums, einmal war das distale Drittel des Jejunums bis zum mittleren Drittel des Kolon betroffen. Die zytologische bzw. histologische Untersuchung der betroffenen Darmabschnitte bei acht Tieren ergab nur in einem Fall ein tumoroses Geschehen (Lymphom), wahrend in allen anderen Fallen entzundliche Veranderungen nachweisbar waren. Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz: Die Invagination tritt bei der Katze weniger haufig auf als beim Hund. Die Sonographie ist ein bildgebendes Verfahren, das bei Feststellung der charakteristischen sonographischen Anzeichen die korrekte Diagnosestellung erlaubt. Die Maine-Coon-Katze scheint eine Pradisposition fur diese Erkrankung aufzuweisen. Ob hier eine zugrundeliegende Anfalligkeit fur Darmerkrankungen eine Rolle spielt, muss durch weitere Studien und eine grosere Anzahl histologischer Untersuchungen betroffener Darmabschnitte geklart werden.
Learning Document Embeddings With CNNs

We propose a new model for unsupervised document embedding. Existing approaches either require complex inference or use recurrent neural networks that are difficult to parallelize. We take a different route and use recent advances in language modelling to develop a convolutional neural network embedding model. This allows us to train deeper architectures that are fully parallelizable. Stacking layers together increases the receptive field allowing each successive layer to model increasingly longer range semantic dependencies within the document. Empirically, we demonstrate superior results on two publicly available benchmarks.
Nonbursal lymphomas induced by nondefective reticuloendotheliosis virus.

In previous studies we described bursal lymphomas similar to those of lymphoid leukosis in line 15x7 chickens inoculated with nondefective reticuloendotheliosis (RE) virus. A different type of neoplastic disease syndrome induced by nondefective RE virus is described in the present study. The tumours were characterised as lymphomas and most commonly involved the thymus, heart, liver, and spleen; the bursa invariably appeared normal or atrophied. Mortality from nonbursal lymphomas occurred as early as 6 weeks post-inoculation and was as high as 66%. The frequency of nonbursal lymphomas was markedly influenced both by the strain of RE virus and the line of chicken. Maximum tumour induction occurred in line 6(3) or line 0 chickens inoculated with RE viral strains SN or DIA. Histologically, the tumours were composed of a homogenous population of immature lymphoreticular cells. The tumours were often accompanied by enlarged peripheral nerves which were infiltrated with large, irregular cells with abundant cytoplasm. In an indirect membrane immunofluorescent test, the tumour cells reacted weakly with anti-T cell serum but not with anti-B cell serum; the cells were refractory to treatment with . either serum in a complement-dependent antibody cytotoxicity assay. A proportion of the tumour cells contained membrane RE viral antigens. Although this syndrome superficially resembled Marek's disease (MD), nonbursal RE lymphomas lacked the MD tumour-associated surface antigen and the pleomorphic lymphocyte populations characteristic of MD. The nonbursal lymphomas appeared different from the previously-described RE virus-induced bursal lymphomas on the basis of latent period, cell surface antigens, and line susceptibility, and are probably induced by a different molecular mechanism.
Genetic Recombinations Leading to Production of Active Bacteriophage from Ultraviolet Inactivated Bacteriophage Particles.

In this article, Luria reported that several phages killed by ultraviolet light, then put into the same cell, can often revive themselves and produce normal progeny. He noted that if specific genes were intentionally damaged, through exchanges with another phage they can reconstitute as a normal, undamaged phage. Luria interpreted this as an instance of genetic recombination. This article is a more formal and detailed presentation of his 1947 article in the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "
Cell surface marker analysis of mouse thymic dendritic cells

Cell surface markers of mouse thymic dendritic cells have been studied by flow cytometry after isolation by collagenase digestion, separation of the low‐density cell fraction and differential adherence. The dendritic cell preparation had a purity of > 90%, the contaminating population being essentially composed of thymocytes, macrophages constituting <1%. Dendritic cells displayed high forward and low‐intermediate side angle scatter, and expressed high levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules, the heat‐stable antigen (HSA), the adhesion molecules Pgp‐1 (CD44), LFA‐1, ICAM‐1 and low levels of Mac‐1 and the leukocyte common antigen CD45. Thymic dendritic cells are negative for the stem cell antigen‐2 (Sca‐2), the B cell‐specific form of CD45 (B220), the mouse macrophage markers Fc receptor and F4/80, and the granulocyte marker Gr‐1. However, although they do not express the T cell markers Thy‐1, CD2, CD3, CD4 and CD5, 20%–30% of dendritic cells are positive for the interleukin 2 receptor α chain (CD25), and about 30% express intermediate levels of CD8.
Effectiveness of highly-active antiretroviral therapy by race/ethnicity

Objective:To determine the effectiveness of HAART by race/ethnicity. Design:Prospective multicenter cohort study. Methods:We studied 991 African–Americans and 911 European–Americans enrolled in the United States Military's Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium Natural History Study who had dates of HIV seroconversion known within 5 years and followed between 1990 and 2002. We determined the rate of disease progression to AIDS and death for subjects in this cohort. Multivariable models evaluated race, pre-HAART (1990–1995) and HAART (1996–2002) eras, age, gender and military service. Results:In the pre-HAART era, African–Americans had a statistically nonsignificant trend towards better outcomes: the relative hazards (RH) of AIDS and death for African–Americans compared to European–Americans were 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68–1.05] and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.55–1.08), respectively. In the HAART era, outcomes were similar by race: 1.17 (95% CI, 0.86–1.61) for AIDS and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.81–1.53) for death with overlapping Kaplan–Meier curves. Relative to the pre-HAART era, the adjusted RH of AIDS in the HAART era was 0.41 (95% CI, 0.31–0.54) and 0.30 (95% CI, 0.22–0.40) for African–American and European–American participants, respectively. Analogous RH for death were 0.55 (95% CI, 0.38–0.80) and 0.38 (95% CI, 0.27–0.54). The precipitous declines in AIDS and death in the HAART era were not statistically different by race. Conclusions:In a large multi-racial cohort with equal access to health care, HIV treatment outcomes by race/ethnicity were similar.
Platelet gel from cord blood: A novel tool for tissue engineering

Recent findings show that growth factors (GF) play a relevant role in regenerative medicine. Platelets (PLT) may be used as “drug-stores” of GF that can be released upon activation by PLT granules. In this context, PLT gel (PG) from peripheral blood is currently used to improve tissue healing in orthopedic, oral maxillofacial and dermatologic surgery. Recent findings on multiple biological properties of human umbilical cord blood (CB) and its high level of viral safety prompted us to investigate the characteristics of its PLTs and the possibility to produce PLT gel from cord blood. Our study shows that CB PG releases high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), substantial amounts of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFbeta1), and minimal amounts of PDGF-AB. These findings suggest that CB PG can be a preferable tool for tissue engineering applications where high levels of VEGF and PDGF may be desirable.