Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prospective evaluation of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography during aneurysm surgery.

OBJECT The authors prospectively compared a new technique of surgical microscope-based indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography with intraoperative or postoperative digital subtraction (DS) angiography. METHOD The technique was performed during 187 surgical procedures in which 124 aneurysms in 114 patients were clipped. Using a newly developed setup, the ICG technique has been integrated into an operating microscope (Carl Zeiss Co., Oberkochen, Germany). A microscope-integrated light source containing infrared excitation light illuminates the operating field. The dye is injected intravenously into the patient, and intravascular fluorescence from within the blood vessels is imaged using a video camera attached to the microscope. The patency of parent, branching, and perforating arteries and documentation of clip occlusion of the aneurysm as shown by ICG videoangiography were compared with intraoperative or postoperative findings on DS angiography. The results of ICG videoangiography corresponded with intra- or postoperative DS angiography in 90% of cases. The ICG technique missed mild but hemodynamically irrelevant stenosis that was evident on DS angiography in 7.3% of cases. The ICG technique missed angiographically relevant findings in three cases (one hemodynamically relevant stenosis and two residual aneurysm necks [2.7% of cases]). In two cases the missed findings were clinically and surgically inconsequential; in the third case, a 4-mm residual neck may require a second procedure. Indocyanine green videoangiography provided significant information for the surgeon in 9% of cases, most of which led to clip correction. CONCLUSIONS Microscope-based ICG videoangiography is simple and provides real-time information about the patency of vessels of all sizes and about the aneurysm sac. This technique may be useful during routine aneurysm surgery as an independent form of angiography or as an adjunct to intra- or postoperative DS angiography.
Mourning and Grief on Facebook: An Examination of Motivations for Interacting With the Deceased

Facebook not only changed the way we communicate but also the way we mourn and express grief. The social networking site allows users to interact with deceased users’ walls after death. This study utilized textual analysis to categorize Facebook posts (N = 122) on 30 deceased users’ walls according to uses and gratifications theory. Most posts were found to be motivated by entertainment, followed by integration and social interaction. Facebook users posted memories, condolences, and interacted with friends and family members in the deceased user’s network. Implications and potential future research are discussed.
A Block-Based Multi-Scale Background Extraction Algorithm

Problem statement: To extract the moving objects, vision-based surveil lance systems subtract the current image from a predefined backgr ound image. The efficiency of these systems mainly depends on accuracy of the extracted backgro und image. It should be able to adapt to the changes continuously. In addition, especially in re al-time applications the time complexity of this adaptation is a critical matter. Approach: In this study, to extract an adaptive background, a combination of blocking and multi-scale methods is presented. Because of being less sensitive to local movements, block-based techniques are proper to control the non-stationary objects' movements, especially in outdoor applications. They can be use ful to reduce the effect of these objects on the extracted background. We also used the blocking method to intelligently select the regions which the temporal filtering has to be applied on. In additio n, an amended multi-scale algorithm is introduced. This algorithm is a hybrid algorithm, a combination of some nonparametric and parametric filters. It uses a nonparametric filter in the spatial domain t o initiate two primary backgrounds. In continue two adapted two-dimensional filters will be used to ext ract the final background. Results: The qualitative and quantitative results of our experiments certify not only the quality of the final extracted background is acceptable, but also its time consump tion is approximately half in compare to the simila r methods. Conclusion: Using Multi scaling filtering and applying the filt ers just to some selected non- overlapped blocks reduce the time consumption of the extracting background algorithm.
Hypothermia and afterdrop following open water swimming: the Alcatraz/San Francisco Swim Study.

To determine whether or not participants in open water swim events experience hypothermia and afterdrop, rectal temperature was measured for up to 45 minutes in 11 subjects following the New Year's Day Alcatraz Swim. This event was held in open water (11.7 degrees C [53.0 degrees F]) in the San Francisco Bay, and participants did not wear wetsuits or other protective clothing. Biophysical parameters, including surfacelvolume ratio, body mass index, and percent body fat were measured before the swim, and statistical analysis was done to determine predictors of temperature decrease and afterdrop duration. Applying the American Heart Association definition of hypothermia (less than 36.0 C [96.8 degrees F]), hypothermia was seen in 5 of the 11 subjects. Using a more rigorous and traditional definition (less than 35.0 degrees C [95.0 degrees F]), hypothermia was seen in only one subject. Afterdrop, defined as continued cooling following removal from cold stress, was seen in 10 of the 11 subjects. Surface/volume ratio (S/V) and body mass index (BMI) predicted the lowest recorded temperatures (P < .05; r(S/V) = -. 71, r(BMI) = . 72) and afterdrop duration (P < .05; r(SN) = -. 75, r(BMI) = . 69). These results suggest that hypothermia and afterdrop can occur commonly after recreational open water swimming, and that participants should be observed for signs of temperature decrease following removal from cold stress.
Accumulation of Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in Arable Soils Due to Repeated Application of Manure Containing Sulfadiazine

ABSTRACT Two soils were amended three times with pig manure. The abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes was determined by quantitative PCR 2 months after each application. In both soils treated with sulfadiazine-containing manure, the numbers of copies of sul1 and sul2 significantly increased compared to numbers after treatments with antibiotic-free manure or a control and accumulated with repeated applications.
Subjective Social Status, a New Measure in Health Disparities Research

Studies have shown subjective social status (SSS) is associated with multiple health outcomes. This article examines the predictors of SSS, whether these associations vary by race/ethnicity, and whether SSS is sensitive to different referents used for social comparison. Data were from a national US mail survey. Income was strongly associated with SSS only among Whites and Hispanics. While there were no SSS differences by race/ethnicity using a distal referent, Blacks had higher SSS than Whites when using more proximal referents, even after controlling for objective status indicators. Findings indicate SSS measurement may be sensitive to race/ethnicity and the comparison referent.
High-Frequency Recovery of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin-ResistantEnterococcus faecium Isolates from the Poultry Production Environment

ABSTRACT The occurrence of resistance to the streptogramin quinupristin-dalfopristin in Enterococcus faecium isolates from chickens on the Eastern Seaboard, was evaluated. Quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance was found in 51 to 78% ofE. faecium isolates from the food production environment. The high level of resistance in this organism suggests that this reservoir of resistance may compromise the therapeutic potential of quinupristin-dalfopristin.
Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Diversity in Potato Production Areas in Tucumán, Argentina

Abstract Aphids are recognized as important plant pests worldwide and they are major vectors of viruses. It is necessary to identify the aphid species in an agroecosystem in order to develop appropriate pest management strategies. The aim of this work was to determine the taxonomic diversity of aphid species present in potato crops in different agroecological regions of Tucumán, Argentina. Monitoring was done by 2 methods: modified Moericke yellow water traps were used for the alatae, while the apterae were collected directly from the plants. A total of 15,169 winged aphids were caught and 7,455 apterae colonizing the crop were collected. Fifty-six species were identified, 27 of which were present in all regions surveyed. Differences in species diversity between regions are discussed.
DeepGarment : 3D Garment Shape Estimation from a Single Image

3D garment capture is an important component for various applications such as free‐view point video, virtual avatars, online shopping, and virtual cloth fitting. Due to the complexity of the deformations, capturing 3D garment shapes requires controlled and specialized setups. A viable alternative is image‐based garment capture. Capturing 3D garment shapes from a single image, however, is a challenging problem and the current solutions come with assumptions on the lighting, camera calibration, complexity of human or mannequin poses considered, and more importantly a stable physical state for the garment and the underlying human body. In addition, most of the works require manual interaction and exhibit high run‐times. We propose a new technique that overcomes these limitations, making garment shape estimation from an image a practical approach for dynamic garment capture. Starting from synthetic garment shape data generated through physically based simulations from various human bodies in complex poses obtained through Mocap sequences, and rendered under varying camera positions and lighting conditions, our novel method learns a mapping from rendered garment images to the underlying 3D garment model. This is achieved by training Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN‐s) to estimate 3D vertex displacements from a template mesh with a specialized loss function. We illustrate that this technique is able to recover the global shape of dynamic 3D garments from a single image under varying factors such as challenging human poses, self occlusions, various camera poses and lighting conditions, at interactive rates. Improvement is shown if more than one view is integrated. Additionally, we show applications of our method to videos.
Astrocyte Differentiation of Neural Precursor Cells is Enhanced by Retinoic Acid Through a Change in Epigenetic Modification

Neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes—the three major cell types that comprise the central nervous system—are generated from common multipotent neural precursor cells (NPCs). Members of the interleukin‐6 family of cytokines, including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), induce astrocyte differentiation of NPCs by activating the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). We show here that retinoic acid (RA) facilitates LIF‐induced astrocyte differentiation of NPCs. RA and LIF synergistically activate the promoter of gfap, which encodes the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein, and a putative RA response element in the promoter was found to be critical for this activation. Histone H3 acetylation around the STAT‐binding site in the gfap promoter was increased in NPCs treated with RA, allowing STAT3 to gain access to the promoter more efficiently. These results suggest that RA acts in concert with LIF to induce astrocyte differentiation of NPCs through an epigenetic mechanism that involves cross‐talk between distinct signaling pathways. Stem Cells 2009;27:2744–2752
Periodic Solutions in the Planar (n 1) Ring Problem with Oblateness

In the N-body ring problem, the motion of an infinitesimal particle attracted by the gravitational field of (n + 1) bodies is studied. These bodies are arranged in a planar ring configuration. This configuration consists of n primaries of equal mass m located at the vertices of a regular polygon that is rotating on its own plane about its center of mass with a constant angular velocity w. Another primary of mass m 0 = βm (β ≥ 0 parameter) is placed at the center of the ring. Moreover, we assume that the central body may be an ellipsoid, or a radiation source, which introduces a new parameter ∈. In this case, the dynamics are found to be much richer than the classical problem due to the different equilibria and bifurcation characteristics. We find families of periodic orbits and make an analysis of the orbits by studying their evolution and stability along the family for several values of the new parameter introduced.
Dimensions of neuroses seen in primary-care settings

Synopsis This study uses methods of latent trait analysis to examine the relationships between psychiatric symptoms that constitute the common psychiatric disorders encountered in primary-care settings. Two highly correlated symptom dimensions of anxiety and depression are shown to underlie these disorders. Neurovegetative sysmptoms of depression are shown to be on the same dimension as psychic symptoms of depression, but to represent a more severe manifestation of depression.
Phosphorylation of Erf in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Role of Erk-1/2 and Intracellular Calcium

Ets-2 repressor factor (Erf) is a relatively little explored member of the Ets (E26 transformation specific)-domain transcription factor family. It is a phosphoprotein consisting of 548 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 75 kDa. Unphosphorylated Erf is a transcriptional repressor and induces cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1-phase, thus preventing cellular growth and proliferation. To present it is neither known whether endogenous Erf is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) nor how the phosphorylation of Erf is regulated in VSMCs. For this purpose A-10 embryonic rat thoracic aorta VSMC were treated with the mitogenic stimuli platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and phosphorylation of Erf was analyzed by Western blot. Furthermore, to determine whether phosphorylation of Erf is dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)-1/2, specific Mek-1/2 inhibitors U0126 and PD98059 were used. Additionally, phosphorylation of Erk-1/2 and Erf after treatment with the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA/AM, either alone or in combination with PDGF, was investigated. The results show that Erf is expressed endogenously in VSMCs and phosphorylated by Erk-1/2 upon mitogenic stimulation. Furthermore, a decrease in intracellular calcium concentration, alone or in combination with a mitogenic stimulus, leads to increased phosphorylation of Erk-1/2 and Erf. These findings suggest that in VSMCs Erf phosphorylation is induced by pro-atherogenic agents (PDGF or LDL) via the activation of Erk-1/2 and regulation of Erf phosphorylation additionally involves levels of intracellular calcium. Thus, Erf could play an important role in VSMC proliferation, dedifferentiation and migration, and contribute towards the development of vascular remodelling diseases.
picoJava-I: the Java virtual machine in hardware

Our goal is to describe the picoJava-I architecture. To do so, we first describe characteristics of the Java Virtual Machine that are of interest to a processor designer. To illustrate the microarchitecture trade-offs made for picoJava-I, we also present statistics on the dynamic distribution of byte codes for various Java applications as well as the impact of the Java runtime. Finally, we present the microarchitecture itself and discuss its performance. This small, flexible microprocessor core provides performance five to 20 times better than other means of Java execution.
Analytical model of voltage division inside stacked-FET switch

An analytical model of the voltage division inside a MOSFET stack is presented. The voltage division can be described by a simple closed-form analytical expression. This approach provides not only a much faster calculation, but also a more clear understanding of the influence of single FET parameters on the FET stack behavior. Analytical expressions for the off capacitance (Coff) and breakdown voltage (BV) of a FET stack are then derived. By increasing the number of the stacked FETs, a minimum Coff and a maximum BV are predicted. The analytical model is validated against both numerical calculation and measurements.
Cell Space and Apparent Free Space in the Red Alga, Porphyra Perforata.

a light saturation curve strikingly similar to that of a plant whose normal habitat is in deep shade. Yet one would not wish to classify this plant as a "shade" type. It becomes increasingly evident that the classification of plants into sun and shade types solely on the basis of the light saturation curves of their leaves is questionable. The physiological classifications "sun" and "shade" plants are convenient, however, and perhaps should not be discarded. Accordingly, the authors feel in agreement with the views expressed by Blackman and Wilson (2) and Shirley (7), that plants should be arranged into sun and shade types on the basis of their ability to survive in a given light environment rather than on the basis of the light saturation curves of their leaves.
When is an anesthesiologist needed in a helicopter emergency medical service in northern Norway?

Background: A national air ambulance service, including helicopters and airplanes, was implemented in Norway in 1988. The main intention was to offer advanced medical services when needed. All helicopters are manned by anesthesiologists. Catchment areas for the 11 helicopters span from cities to scarcely populated areas, particularly in the north. Our aim was to assess what proportion of ambulance missions carried out by the rescue helicopter in Bodø, northern Norway, delivered advanced medical treatment needing the skills of an anesthesiologist.
Thyroid-Like Ophthalmopathy in a Euthyroid Patient Receiving Ipilimumab

Abstract A 68-year-old lady with metastatic malignant melanoma was treated with Ipilimumab. She presented to Eye Casualty unable to move her eyes. Physical examination confirmed ophthalmoplegia and identified proptosis bilaterally. Radiological imaging showed bilateral enlargement of all the extra-ocular muscles suggestive of thyroid eye disease. Laboratory investigations found this patient to be euthyroid. A diagnosis of thyroid-like orbitopathy secondary to Ipilimumab therapy was made. Thyroid function tests should be performed for all patients prior to their commencement of Ipilimumab. Thyroid-like eye disease may develop in patients treated with Ipilimumab even if they remain euthyroid.
A Randomized Phase II Trial of First-Line Treatment with Gemcitabine, Erlotinib, or Gemcitabine and Erlotinib in Elderly Patients (Age ≥70 Years) with Stage IIIB/IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Introduction: Single-agent gemcitabine is a standard of care for elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, but novel therapies are needed for this patient population. Methods: We performed a noncomparative randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine, erlotinib, or the combination in elderly patients (age ≥70 years) with stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer. Patients were randomized to arms: A (gemcitabine 1200 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 every 21 days), B (erlotinib 150 mg daily), or C (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 every 21 days and erlotinib 100 mg daily). Arms B and C were considered investigational; the primary objective was 6-month progression-free survival. Results: Between March 2006 and May 2010, 146 eligible patients received protocol therapy. The majority of the patients (82%) had stage IV disease, 64% reported adenocarcinoma histology, 90% reported current or previous tobacco use, and 28% had a performance status of 2. The 6-month progression-free survival rate observed in arms A, B, and C was 22% (95% confidence interval [CI] 11–35), 24% (95% CI 13–36), and 25% (95% CI 15–38), respectively; the median overall survival observed was 6.8 months (95% CI 4.8–8.5), 5.8 months (95% CI 3.0–8.3), and 5.6 months (95% CI 3.5–8.4), respectively. The rate of grade ≥3 hematological and nonhematological toxicity observed was similar in all three arms. The best overall health-related quality of life response did not differ between treatment arms. Conclusions: Erlotinib or erlotinib and gemcitabine do not warrant further investigation in an unselected elderly patient population.
De-noising of partial discharge signal using eigen-decomposition technique

The Rogowski coil method for the measurements and detection of PD signals represents a cost effective and practical way to measure PD signals in electrical power apparatus; however it is subject to excessive noise pick-up because of its inductive nature. This paper discusses the implementation of a de-noising algorithm using eigen-decomposition approach, which can be utilized in order to minimize the extraneous noise encountered with on-line tests in the field. The proposed algorithm possesses the inherent advantage of decomposing the signal space and separates it from the noise subspaces. Results discussed in the paper demonstrate the performance of the proposed technique for both simulated and experimental PD signals.
Hoechst 33342 dye uptake as a probe of membrane permeability changes in mammalian cells.

Flow cytometric analysis of the uptake of the DNA-specific and fluorescent probe Hoechst 33342 (HO342) offers a simple and rapid method for measuring membrane transport rates in mammalian cells and identifying cellular subpopulations that differ in their membrane transport rates. In a Chinese hamster ovary wild-type cell line and in three colchicine-resistant lines derived from it, the rate of uptake of HO342 dye decreases as the stepwise resistance to colchicine increases. A colchicine-sensitive revertant cell line shows an increased rate of dye uptake. Drug resistance in these lines has previously been shown to be related to changes in transport rate. In a manner similar to colchicine, the rate of uptake of HO342 dye shows nonsaturation kinetics. The effects of KCN, a metabolic inhibitor, on HO342 dye uptake, both in the presence and in the absence of glucose, is similar to that previously observed for colchicine uptake. When murine spleen cells are stained with HO342 under appropriate conditions, one sees two populations of lymphocytes differing in HO342 fluorescence intensity, a difference not related to DNA content. The two subpopulations show the same relative difference in both colchicine and HO342 uptake. HO342 dye appears, therefore, to enter mammalian cells by the same mechanism as colchicine--i.e., by unmediated diffusion--and can be used as a probe of cytoplasmic membrane permeability. Potential applications of the dye in studies of drug resistance, detection of activated T cells, and recognition of lymphocyte subpopulations are discussed.