Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-level address optimization and synthesis techniques for data-transfer-intensive applications

Data-transfer intensive applications typically contain heavily accessed memories involving considerable arithmetic for the computation and the selection of the different memory access pointers. This data processing, namely addressing, becomes dominant in the overall arithmetic cost and it has to be executed under very tight timing constraints. Different high-level optimizing alternatives suitable for addressing are explored in our Adopt methodology and prototype tool environment to reduce the addressing overhead. They include address expression splitting/clustering, induction variable analysis, target architecture selection, and global-scope algebraic optimization. In addition, some steps aiming to reduce at the system level the time-multiplexed address unit cost, are also incorporated for area and power efficiency. The techniques are demonstrated on test-vehicles representative of real-life applications, shelving important savings on the overall arithmetic cost.
Mother's experience of the support from a bereavement follow-up intervention after the death of a child.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe the mothers' experience of the support they received in a bereavement follow-up intervention after the death of a child and their experiences of the intervention programme. The intervention included three complementary components: (1) a support package, (2) peer supporters' contact with mothers and (3) health professionals' contact with mothers. BACKGROUND Although several types of intervention have been targeted at grieving parents or mothers, there exists a lack of knowledge of what kind of intervention is supportive and enhances the coping of parents after the death of a child. DESIGN An intervention was implemented in two university-level hospitals in Southern Finland. The study participants were grieving mothers (n=86) whose child had died at the age of three or younger. The data were collected by using a structured questionnaire within six months of the death of a child. METHODS The data were analysed with descriptive statistical methods. RESULTS The mothers felt that the support they received helped them in coping with the situation. Among the different forms of received support, the mothers felt they received the most emotional support from peer supporters and health professionals. The mothers considered the support intervention to be useful. CONCLUSION The collaborative support intervention between health professionals and peer supporters enabled versatile, immediate and long-term support that helped the mothers cope after the death of a child. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Health professionals should collaborate systematically with the third sector to provide support for mothers after the death of their child. In addition to the support given in hospital, health professionals should arrange more contacts and meetings with bereaved mothers on a long-term basis, after the mothers have left the hospital.
FINE‐TOUCH PRESSURE THRESHOLDS IN THE ADULT PENIS

They write ‘The existence of a market for lidocaine-based products to reduce penile sensitivity attests to the desire by some men for a penis with reduced, not heightened, sensitivity’ but they give no indication of what proportion of that market comprises circumcised men. ‘Sensitivity’ is not onedimensional. There are issues of the quality of the sensation from different areas, and that from the scarred area of a circumcised penis might be confounded by the presence of iatrogenic neuromata, sensitive only to pain. A circumcised man might well benefit by having such sensations dulled.
Myelosuppression of thrombocytes and monocytes is associated with a lack of synergy between chemotherapy and anti-VEGF treatment.

PURPOSE Chemotherapeutic agents that have shown improved patient outcome when combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy were recently identified to induce the mobilization of proangiogenic Tie-2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by platelet release of stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α). VEGF blockade was found to counteract cell mobilization. We aimed to determine why agents like gemcitabine do not elicit TEM and EPC recruitment and may therefore lack synergy with anti-VEGF therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients (n = 20) were monitored during 16 weeks of neoadjuvant therapy. Treatment was based on gemcitabine with or without the addition of bevacizumab. Blood levels of proangiogenic cell populations and angiogenesis factors were determined in 2-week intervals. RESULTS The lack of EPC mobilization during gemcitabine therapy was associated with severe thrombocytopenia and reduced SDF-1α blood concentrations. Furthermore, myelosuppression by gemcitabine correlated significantly with loss of TEMs. With respect to angiogenic factors stored and released by platelets, plasma levels of the angiogenesis inhibitor thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) were selectively decreased and correlated significantly with thrombocytopenia in response to gemcitabine therapy. CONCLUSIONS A thorough literature screen identified thrombocytopenia as a common feature of chemotherapeutic agents that lack synergy with anti-VEGF treatment. Our results on gemcitabine therapy indicate that myelosuppression (in particular, with respect to thrombocytes and monocytes) interferes with the mobilization of proangiogenic cell types targeted by bevacizumab and may further counteract antiangiogenic therapy by substantially reducing the angiogenesis inhibitor TSP-1.
[Studies of myocardial metabolism using P-31-NMR spectroscopy and a simple heart perfusion model of slaughtered animals--an approach to avoiding in vivo animal experiments].

In research cardiology large numbers of in vivo animal experiments, mostly with dogs or pigs, are necessary. It was the aim of this study to test a simple in vitro perfusion heart model from swine harvested in the slaughterhouse as a potential substitute for in vivo animal studies. 32 unselected hearts of slaughterhouse swine after 10 to 15 min of warm ischemia were subjected to reperfusion with warm oxygenized blood and were examined for mechanical recovery, which occurred in 56%, increasing to 95% if primarily using only hearts that were in relaxation. In 21 of selected relaxed heart models the energy phosphate pattern as an index of viability was measured by P-31 MRS on a 4.7 Tesla NMR tomograph in 37 experimental runs with the following perfusion protocols: 1) immediate cardioplegia with cold Bretschneider or Collins solution, transportation under cooling, MRS after approximately 1 h; 2) immediate cardioplegia, transportation, reperfusion with oxygenated warm blood, MRS; 3) immediate blood perfusion with genuine fresh arterial blood from the slaughterhouse, cold plegia perfusion, transportation, MRS; 4) immediate blood perfusion with transportation MRS; 4) immediate blood perfusion with genuinefresh arterial blood, cold plegia perfusion, transportation, reperfusion with oxygenated warm blood, MRS during reperfusion; 5) An experimental pig heart was made plegic in vivo and reperfused with oxygenated warm blood during MRS as reference. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Prognostic factors in malignant pleural mesothelioma: role of talc pleurodesis

Objective: To examine baseline characteristics associated with survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Methods: 122 patients with histologically proven malignant pleural mesothelioma during the period 2000–2010 were studied. Survival was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method with the logrank test. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios for possible prognostic factors. Results: 105 (86%) patients had complete survival follow-up; 91 died and 14 (13.3%) were alive at the end of the observation period starting from the day of diagnosis. The median survival was 286 days (95% confidence interval: 212–359). Talc pleurodesis was performed in 59 patients, and 17 had surgical interventions (2 chest wall resections, 2 extrapleural pneumonectomies, and 13 decortications). Chemotherapy was used in 41 patients, port-site radiation in 68, and combined therapy in 26. Cox regression analysis identified talc pleurodesis (p = 0.04), chemotherapy (p < 0.001), port-site radiation (p < 0.001), and combined chemotherapy and port-site radiation (p < 0.006) as favorable prognostic factors after adjusting for age, sex, histologic subtype, smoking, and performance status. Conclusions: Surgical intervention including decortications and extrapleural pneumonectomy had no effect on survival in this series. Chemotherapy and radiation to port sites independently and in combination were associated with improved overall survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma patients. Talc pleurodesis was an independent determinant of survival, but further studies are warranted.
STRUCTURE OF THE ROOTS OF DATURA STRAMONIUM L. AND DATURA TATULA L *

INTRODUCTION RECENT work on the locus of synthesis of alkaloids in plants belonging to the family Solanacea: has directed attention especially towards the roots of these plants. Descriptions of the structural characters of belladonna root are included in some of the standard books of reference112, and a detailed, fully illustrated account of this root and that of Atropa acuminata has been published by Melville3. The roots of species of datura, however, have not been so thoroughly investigated. The root of Datura strurnonium was included in the United States Pharmacopceia from 1842 to 1863, but no description was given of the morphological or structural characters of the drug. A brief, unillustrated account of the structure of the root of this species was included in a description of the anatomy of the roots of several solanaceous plants published by Lewinsky4 in 1924. The most complete account is that included in a thesis by Fischer5 embodying the results of a study of the morphology of the entire plant of Datura stramonium. This description, however, is illustrated mainly by some photomicrographs from which it is difficult to interpret the details of the individual cells; also, very few records of measurements are given. It seemed desirable, therefore, to make a more detailed, illustrated account of the macroscopical and microscopical characters of the root of Datura stramonium and its allied species Datura tatula.
Bistatic synthetic aperture radar inversion with application in dynamic object imaging

An inversion method is presented for bistatic synthetic aperture radar imaging. The method is based on a Fourier analysis (Doppler processing) of the bistatic synthesized array's data followed by a phase modulation analysis of the Doppler data. The Doppler data are shown to provide samples of the reflectivity function's spatial Fourier transform within a band that depends upon the bistatic angles and ranges. Finally, the bistatic SAR inversion is used to formulate an inversion for multistatic measurements made along a physical linear array due to a single transmission to image a dynamic object. <<ETX>>
Investigation on hot carrier effects in n-type short-channel junctionless nanowire transistors

Hot carrier induced degradation of the n-type junctionless nanowire transistor (JNT) and the inversion-mode NWFET (IMNT) has been experimentally compared. The JNT shows better hot carrier (HC) immunity than the IMNT. The lateral peak electrical field intensity is lower in the JNT than the IMNT, which is observed by TCAD simulation work.
Living with a rare disorder: a systematic review of the qualitative literature

Individuals with rare diseases may face challenges that are different from those experienced in more common medical conditions. A wide range of different rare conditions has resulted in a myriad of studies investigating the specificities of the diagnosis in focus. The shared psychological experiences of individuals with a rare condition, however, have not been reviewed systematically.
Multiple approaches to data‐mining of proteomic data based on statistical and pattern classification methods

The data‐mining challenge presented is composed of two fundamental problems. Problem one is the separation of forty‐one subjects into two classifications based on the data produced by the mass spectrometry of protein samples from each subject. Problem two is to find the specific differences between protein expression data of two sets of subjects. In each problem, one group of subjects has a disease, while the other group is nondiseased. Each problem was approached with the intent to introduce a new and potentially useful tool to analyze protein expression from mass spectrometry data. A variety of methodologies, both conventional and nonconventional were used in the analysis of these problems. The results presented show both overlap and discrepancies. What is important is the breadth of the techniques and the future direction this analysis will create.
Prevention of Street Virus Infection by Vaccine.∗

Summary Guinea pigs inoculated intramuscularly with street virus can be protected by mustard inactivated fixed virus injected at the same time or 24 hours later, provided the virus has a high immunizing titer. These results give experimental proof that vaccine will protect after infection and also provide a test that could be used in evaluating vaccines for human use. If non-protecting amounts of vaccine or fixed virus are injected, the incubation period may be shorter and the death rate slightly higher than in the control animals receiving only street virus.
[Regional differences in patterns of alcohol consumption: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank study on half a million people from 10 regions].

OBJECTIVE To describe the regional differences on patterns of alcohol consumption across 10 study in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) areas involving half a million adults. METHODS The baseline survey of CKB took place in 5 urban and 5 rural areas across China during 2004-2008. Detailed information on alcohol consumption of 512 891 participants aged 30-79 years was gathered and analyzed. RESULTS were directly standardized on age (in 10-age groups) and education (5 groups) structure of the study population for different sex. RESULTS The overall prevalence rates of regular drinking (i.e., at least weekly) were 33.1% among men and 2.2% among women. Among men, the prevalence rate was seen highest in Harbin (52.0%) and Sichuan (50.2%), but lowest in Gansu (8.1%) and Haikou (18.8%). Most regular drinkers in Sichuan, Hunan, and Gansu habitually drank strong spirits (≥ 40% alcohol content), whereas beer was most commonly consumed in Harbin and Qingdao, with rice wine most commonly used in the southern regions (Haikou, Suzhou,Zhejiang and Liuzhou). Mean alcohol consumption was highest in Sichuan (414.6 g/week). Although the mean alcohol consumptions appeared lower on regular occasion in Gansu (195.2 g/week) and Henan (239.6 g/week) than in other regions, the amount consumed on special occasions in these two regions were the highest (Henan:202.3 g/day; Gansu:171.2 g/day). Similar patterns were also seen in women. Of all the regular drinkers, 82.6% of men and 56.6% of women reported heavy drinking episodes (men: >60 g, women: >40 g) on special occasions. CONCLUSION The patterns of alcohol consumption including prevalence, frequency, amount, binge drinking pattern, and type of alcohol beverage varied greatly among the ten areas of CKB under study.
Analysis of Microsatellite Markers ofCandida albicans Used for Rapid Typing

ABSTRACT To obtain a rapid genotyping method of Candida albicans, three polymorphic microsatellite markers were investigated by multiplex PCR. The three loci, calledCDC3, EF3, and HIS3, were chosen because they are on different chromosomes so as to improve the chances of finding polymorphisms. One set of primers was designed for each locus, and one primer of each set was dye-labeled to read PCR signals by using an automatic sequencer. Amplifications were performed directly from the colonies harvested on the agar plate without a sophisticated DNA extraction step. At total of 27 reference strains and 73 clinical independent isolates were tested. The numbers of allelic associations were 10, 22, and 25 for the loci CDC3,EF3, and HIS3, respectively. The combined discriminatory power of the three microsatellites markers was 0.97. The markers were stable after 25 subcultures, and the amplifications were specific for C. albicans. An initial study of 17 clinical isolate pairs, including blood culture and peripheral sites, showed a similar genotype for 15 of them, confirming that candidemia usually originates from the colonizing isolate. Therefore, microsatellite marker analysis with multiplex PCR and automated procedures has a high throughput and should be suitable for large epidemiologic studies of C. albicans.
CO2 Laser palatoplasty: early results

Abstract It is now widely accepted that snoring causes significant social dysfunction. In the absence of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, palatal surgery offers a very good chance of eliminating or reducing snoring. The traditional operation of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty remains the ‘gold standard’, but may be complicated by velopharyngeal incompetence, severe post-operative pain and even nasopharyngeal stenosis. A newer technique to reduce snoring caused by palatal flutter by using a neodymnium: yttrium aluminium garnet laser to stiffen the soft palate has been introduced recently by another unit. We show that this procedure can be carried out using a CO2 laser, and present the initial results of the first 29 patients operated on at The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital.
THE CIRCATIDAL RHYTHM IN VERTICAL SWIMMING OF FEMALE BLUE CRABS, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, DURING THEIR SPAWNING MIGRATION: A RECONSIDERATION

Abstract Ovigerous blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, undergo ebb-tide transport (ETT) during the spawning migration from estuaries to coastal areas where they release larvae. An initial field study found that only females with mature embryos underwent the spawning migration and that postspawned females switched to flood-tide transport for movement back into and up estuaries. Alternatively, a more recent field study found ETT occurred in females throughout embryo development and continued after larval release. An endogenous rhythm in vertical migration underlies ETT during the spawning migration. A past study found the circatidal rhythm was only present in females with mature embryos but not in females with immature embryos or after larval release. The present study reinvestigates this rhythm in vertical migration. Both females with early embryos and postlarval release females entrained in the field have circatidal rhythms, in which they swim vertically at the time of consecutive ebb tides at the collection site or on alternate ebb tides. These results support the field study that ovigerous females undergo ETT throughout embryo development and after larval release. Thus, females will be transported seaward and release subsequent larval clutches in coastal areas that increase the likelihood that larvae will be transported to offshore developmental areas.
Epstein-Barr virus in gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma. Special reference to its detection by the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization in 99 tumors, including a morphologic analysis.

BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (GCLS) has been reported to have a more favorable prognosis than ordinary gastric carcinoma, however, the precise mechanism of the pathogenesis for GCLS remains unclear. METHODS The authors analyzed 99 GCLS in 94 patients for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) sequences using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH); these were compared with 42 ordinary gastric carcinomas. RESULTS Two series of PCR showed 81 (82%) and 46 (47%) of the 99 GCLS to have EBV sequences, which were significantly higher compared with ordinary gastric carcinoma (50% and 9.5%, respectively). With ISH using thymine-thymine dimerized oligonucleotide probes corresponding to EBV-encoded small RNA 1 (EBER1), 82 (83%) of 99 GCLS showed clear, intense hybridization signals localized over the nuclei of the tumor cells, in contrast to only 4 (9.5%) of 42 ordinary carcinomas (P < 0.001). A comparative morphologic analysis of EBER1-positive and negative GCLS revealed that typical features of GCLS, such as mild cellular pleomorphism, rare mitoses, a marked degree of lymphoid stroma, and mild fibrosis, together with a lymphoid infiltration within the cancer cell nests were significantly more frequent in EBER1-positive GCLS. CONCLUSIONS More than 80% of GCLS were associated with EBV. The presence of EBV association in GCLS was characterized by the above morphologic features.
The importance of autonomic symptoms in trigeminal neuralgia. Clinical article.

OBJECT Autonomic symptoms can occur in association with the facial pain of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The distinction between first division (V1) TN and trigeminal autonomic cephalgias, particularly short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT), can be difficult. The goal in this study was to investigate the frequency of autonomic symptoms with TN and to determine their effect on surgical outcome. METHODS The authors sent questionnaires and reviewed the records of 92 patients who underwent surgical procedures for TN to obtain visual analog scale scores for pain before and after surgery and to determine the location of the pain and the presence of autonomic symptoms. RESULTS Sixty-seven percent of patients had at least 1 autonomic symptom, and 14% had 4 or more autonomic symptoms associated with their pain. With V1 pain, the most common autonomic symptoms were conjunctival injection, ptosis, and excessive tearing. With pain involving the second division (V2), facial swelling was the most common autonomic symptom. Excessive salivation occurred most often when the pain involved the third division (V3). In patients who underwent microvascular decompression (MVD), visual analog scores for pain showed significantly greater improvement postoperatively in those who had no preoperative autonomic symptoms than in those who reported autonomic symptoms. There was also a significantly greater number of patients who were pain free postoperatively in the group without autonomic symptoms. There were 3 patients with V1 facial pain associated with conjunctival injection and tearing who, in retrospect, fulfilled all the current diagnostic criteria for SUNCT. These patients underwent MVD, during which a vessel was found to compress the trigeminal nerve. Postoperatively, the 3 patients experienced complete and long-lasting pain relief. CONCLUSIONS The presence of autonomic symptoms in TN correlated with a worse prognosis for pain relief after MVD. First division TN with autonomic symptoms can present identically to SUNCT but can respond to MVD if there is a compressive vessel. Neurosurgeons should be aware of SUNCT, especially in patients with V1 TN and autonomic symptoms, to ensure that all potential medical therapies have been tried prior to surgical treatment.
Cross-layer attack on anonymizing networks

Network layer anonymization protects only some of the userpsilas personal identification information, namely network addresses of the communicating parties. However, even if the lower layers of communication provide perfect protection for the userpsilas profile, information leakage on the application layer destroys the whole effort. Currently, all widespread implementations of anonymizing networks do not use a holistic approach and therefore, neither filter nor actively warn users about information leakage from the upper layers, which may look innocent to the end user. We extend existing work on security of anonymizing networks to take into account additional information leakage from the application layer. Further we show, under which conditions and how this kind of information can be used not only to build an extensive user profile at ldquolow costsrdquo, but also to speed up traditional attacks that are targeted at the network layer identification of userspsila peer partners.