Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diurnal temperature range in the Arctic and its relation to hemispheric and Arctic circulation patterns

The changes of atmospheric circulation patterns in the Northern Hemisphere and in the Arctic for the period 1939–1990 were investigated. For this purpose, the seasonal and annual frequencies of occurrence of W, E and C macrotypes according to the Vangengeim–Girs typology and groups of synoptic processes in the Arctic (A, B, W, G, D and K) according to the Dydina classification have been computed. Spatial and seasonal patterns of the mean diurnal temperature range (DTR) in the Arctic are presented, based on the data from 33 Arctic stations for the period 1951–1990. The relationships between the DTR in the Arctic and the atmospheric circulation changes in the Northern Hemisphere and in the Arctic have been investigated. The seasonal mean DTR for each macrotype of circulation and group of circulation was calculated using daily data from ten Arctic stations for the period 1951–1990. These stations represent all climatic regions and subregions identified by the authors of Atlas Arktiki (1985. Glavnoye Upravlenye Geodeziy i Kartografiy, Moskva, p. 204). In addition, the correlation coefficients between DTR in the Arctic and both the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO) and the Zonal Index (ZI) have been computed. Statistically significant changes of atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere (mainly in low and moderate latitudes) since the mid-1970s, which are also reported by other researchers, have been confirmed. In the Arctic, the atmospheric circulation has also undergone changes in recent decades; however, these changes are significantly smaller. Both the annual and the seasonal mean DTR values have been found to be the highest in the centre of the southernmost parts of the Canadian and Russian Arctic and the lowest in the Norwegian Arctic. Based on the seasonal means, four types of annual course of the DTR in the Arctic have been identified. The results pertaining to the relationship between DTR and atmospheric circulation provide some evidence that, in recent decades, both the large-scale changes of the atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere and its changes in the Arctic have led to the damping of the cool half-year DTR in the Arctic. Copyright © 2000 Royal Meteorological Society
Learning Innovation Of Science Mathematic English Class In MI Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Kartasura

Science Mathematics English (SME) Class is a educational innovation which is founded in MI Muhammadiyah PK Kartasura. SME Class is designed for talented student in Science, Mathematics and English and it is one of the way to face competitive competition in globalization era to prepare talented students well prepared in their era. The objectives of the research was to identify the learning innovation of SME Class on elementary school level that is MI Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Kartasura in the aspect of preparation, implementation, and evaluation. This is descriptive qualitative research. The data was collected by observation, interview, and documentation. Observation conducted in learning process. Interview conducted by interviewing the teachers and head master. Documentation obtained by collection many documents supported on this research. The data validation is conducted by doing triangulation data, namely triangulation of sources and techniques. The result of this research, especially in Science, Mathematics, and English Subject, are: (1) the preparation begin by designing lesson plan using English and some others using bilingual, adding time allotment; (2) the implementation of the learning process is the usage of English to deliver the material, the usage of mini dictionary and bilingual books along the learning process, and also the usage of innovative strategy in learning process; (3) the evaluation is assessing three aspect of learning, that are: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Keywords—educational innovation, learning, science mathematics english class.
An Assessment of the Influence of Silver Stabilized Hydrogen Peroxide on the Eggshell Condition

The aim of the study was to assess the condition of eggshells hygienised with an silver stabilized hydrogen peroxide of different concentrations. Eggs were treated with a solution of the preparation and stored for four weeks. In preliminary investigations the elastic deformation of eggshells was measured and analysed in order to determine the influence of a preparation concentrated at 0.01-3% on the eggshell strength. The research proved that a preparation concentrated at 1-3% significantly reduced the eggshell strength. At the next stage of the research, having excluded the high concentrations with a negative effect on eggshell strength, i.e. 1-3%, the experiment was conducted again. It was followed by a microbiological analysis in which the total count of aerobic bacteria, yeasts, moulds ad also bacteria from the Pseudomonas genus and Enterobacteriaceae family were measured. The investigations confirmed that the preparation concentrated at 0.01-0.9% did not have a significant influence on eggshell strength. Hygienisation in solutions concentrated at 0.01-0.9% caused complete inactivation of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, yeasts and moulds. Immediately after treatment with the preparation concentrated at 0.3% the count of aerobic bacteria and the bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus decreased by 1.9 log CFU/g and 0.7 log CFU/g, respectively. The hygienisation of eggs with the preparation concentrated at 0.9% and storing them for four weeks under controlled conditions reduced the count of aerobic bacteria by 1.9 log and the count of Pseudomonas bacteria by 1.7 log, as compared with the reference sample.
Criminal Neighbourhoods: Does the Density of Prior Offenders in an Area Encourage others to Commit Crime?

Using crime data over a period of a decade for Glasgow, this paper explores whether the density of prior offenders in a neighbourhoods has an influence on the propensity of others to (re)commence offending. The study shows that the number of ‘newly active’ offenders in a neighbourhood in the current quarter is positively associated with the density of prior offenders for both violent and property crime from the previous two years. In the case of newly active property offenders, the relationship with active prior offenders is apparent only when prior offender counts exceed the median. The paper postulates that intraneighbourhood social mechanisms may be at work to create these effects. The results suggest that policies which concentrate offenders in particular neighbourhoods may increase the number of newly active offenders, and point to evidence of a threshold at which these effects take place.
Towards the design of monolithic decoupled XYZ compliant parallel mechanisms for multi-function applications

This paper deals with the monolithic decoupled XYZ compliant parallel mechanisms (CPMs) for multi-function applications, which can be fabricated monolithically without assembly and has the capability of kinetostatic decoupling. At first, the conceptual design of monolithic decoupled XYZ CPMs is presented using identical spatial compliant multi-beam modules based on a decoupled 3-PPPR parallel kinematic mechanism. Three types of applications: motion /positioning stages, force /acceleration sensors and energy harvesting devices are described in principle. The kinetostatic and dynamic modelling is then conducted to capture the displacements of any stage under loads acting at any stage and the natural frequency with the comparisons with FEA results. Finally, performance characteristics analysis for motion stage applications is detailed investigated to show how the change of the geometrical parameters can a ffect the performance characteristics, which provides initial optimal estimations. Results show that the smaller thickness of beams and larger dimension of cubic stages can improve the performance characteristics excluding natural frequency under allowable conditions. In order to improve the natural frequency characteristic, a monolithic decoupled configuration that is achieved through employing more beams in the spatial modules or reducing the mass of each cubic stage mass can be adopted. In addition, an isotropic variation with di fferent motion range along each axis and same payload in each leg is proposed. The redundant design for monolithic fabrication is introduced in this paper, which can overcome the drawback of monolithic fabrication that the failed compliant beam is di fficult to replace, and extend the CPM’s life.
Effect of travel behaviour change programmes on time allocated to driving

Since part of car dependency is stemmed from personal choices of car over other modes of transportation, technological solutions are not the only way to reduce car use. Travel Behaviour Change Programmes (TBCP) are significantly cheaper transportation policy measures, which have evolved in order to shift people voluntarily out of their cars and into public transportation or non-polluting modes of travel, such as walking or cycling. Recently, a two-wave activity scheduling process panel survey was conducted over a period of two years in the city of Valencia (Spain). Part of the respondents received a set of TBCP between both survey waves. We have used doubled censored Tobit models to assess the effect of the TBCP on time allocation to driving a car or a motorbike. Results show that participation in the TBCP is significantly positive to reduce car or motorbike use, and its effectiveness is affected by different socio-economic factors.
Detecting Infrequent Deception

Recent proposals for using the polygraph and similar devices in routine screening have been aimed at detecting deception in situations sometimes characterized by low base rates. Equations are developed that show that extraordinarily high levels of accuracy would be needed to detect infrequent deception. In this context, the debate over the accuracy of these methods is irrelevant; the accuracy needed to detect infrequent deception far exceeds the levels claimed by the most enthusiastic proponents of these detection techniques. The limits on the use of any particular test of deception can be determined by considering the base rate for deception and the proportion of the nondeceptive population that fails the test. When the base rate is less than. 10, these limits are extremely restrictive.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NON-CONTACT ULTRASONIC METHODS FOR DEFECT ESTIMATION OF COMPOSITES IN REMOTE AREAS

There are various ultrasonic systems, developed for the effective testing and estimation of defect parameters in composite materials. Non-contact ultrasonic testing has already achieved significance over traditional contact methods that require coupling of media and are not well suited for the transmission of surface acoustic waves (SAW), which can cover a large area of structure under investigation. This paper compares approaches of air-coupled transmission/reception, laser ultrasonic, and electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT), for testing and verification of composites and defect estimation in remote areas. It reviews the various practical applications. The study found the hybrid solution, consisting of the laser system as a transmitter and the air-coupled method as a detector, is the best among all.
Research on Dynamic Simulation of DP for a deepWater Semi-submersible Platform

In the present paper a deepwater semi-submersible drilling platform is taken as the research object. The capability analysis of DP system is studied. Based on API and MARINE the external environment loads on the platform are calculated and researched. The model of dynamic positioning motion is created . The model is 6 degrees of freedom and includes a Kalman filter and PID controller. The program has been simulated to calculate the DP capability in time history for the platform under operational condition. The results of simulations proved that the DP system works well. Keywords-semi-submersible platform; dynamic positioning; PID controller; Kalman filter; time history simulation
It's a big world after all: on the economic impact of location and distance

Thomas Friedman, a very influential and widely read journalist (author of The World is Flat), argues that distance is no longer a dominant characteristic of the world economy. Competition is thought to be a race to the bottom, with the lowest wage countries as the big winners. In contrast, using various methods and data sets, we show that many threats of global competition for the position of the traditionally developed (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries are unwarranted, that distance still dominates all aspects of international trade and that there is little evidence of income convergence.
Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on spore germination, bio-mass production and antifungal metabolites by species of Trichoderma and Gliocladium

Nutritional studies of biocontrol agents revealed that nitrogen source was essential for the spore germination. Studies on the effect of carbon sources on sporulation and growth also showed that sporulation of T. viride was poor on all carbon sources while the sporulation of G. virens was excellent on all carbon sources except maltose. T. koningii and T. harzianum showed excellent sporulation on sucrose and glucose respectively. Fructose was best carbon source for the biomass production of T. viride and G. virens. However, T. koningii and T. harzianum produced maximum biomass on maltose and glucose respectively. The antifungal metabolites produced in culture filterates of bioagents raised on different carbon and nitrogen sources when tested against root rot pathogens showed varying inhibitions.
Price Changes and Trading Volume Relationship: Some Preliminary Evidencefrom the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange

This study provides evidence regarding the relationship between price changes and volume of trading of firms listed on the KLSE. Absolute price changes were found to have a strong relationship with trading volume compared to price changes. Transaction volume associated with a price upturn was, on the average, larger than the transaction volume associated with a price downturn which probably explained the positive correlation between price changes and trading volume. Causality tests indicated that price changes cause volume changes but not vice versa. The interaction test showed that large transaction volume coupled with an increasing trend in price will further gather momentum and result in a further increase in price. This fll1ding, however, does not suggest that the KLSE is weak-form inefficient which provides an opportunity to investors to devise strategies as there is evidence that the KLSE is weak-form efficient and pockets of inefficiencies observed are not economically viable. The findings defy the basic tenet of technical analysis that past price volume data can be consistently used to design profitable investment strategies.
Compositional Evaluation of Pulp and Seed of Blood Plum (Haematostaphis barteri), a Wild Tree Found in Taraba State, Nigeria

Traditional leafy vegetables represent inexpensive but high quality nutritional sources for the poor segment of the population especially in developing world like Nigeria, where malnutrition is wide spread. Blood plum ( Haematostaphis barteri) is an under–utilized leafy vegetable belonging to the Anacardiacea family. A comparative study was carried out on proximate composition and amino acid profile of pulp and seed of H. barteri . The proximate composition values (%) for pulp and seed samples were found to be as follows: Moisture (3.56 and 2.75), ash (2.97 and 3.92), crude fat (17.76 and 29.68), crude protein (21.81 and 29.38), crude fibre (8.44 and 2.40), and carbohydrate (45.48 and 31.88). The calculated fatty acids and metabolizable energy were 14.21 and 23.74%; 1801.05 and 2139.58 kJ/100g, respectively. The high metabolizable energy values showed that the samples have an energy concentration more favourable than cereals, and which compare favourably well with those of legumes. The amino acid profiles revealed that pulp and seed samples of H. barteri contained nutritionally useful quantities of most of the essential amino acids. The total amino acids (TAA), total essential amino acids (TEAA) (with His), total sulphur amino acids (TSAA), and essential aromatic amino acids (EArAA) for the pulp and seed samples were 53.39 and 67.07; 26.49 and 34.28; 1.21 and 2.59; 2.70 and 3.37, respectively. However, supplementation of essential amino acid is required in a dietary formula based on H. barteri (pulp and seed), when comparing the EAAs in this report with the recommended FAO/WHO provisional pattern. The limiting EAAs in the pulp and seed of H. barteri were Leu and Lys, respectively. Keyword: Proximate, amino acids, pulp, seed, Haematostaphis barteri
Isolation and molecular characterization of Gram positive entomopathogenic bacteria against the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae in Uganda

The challenges of the cardinal vector control approaches have left a dire urgency for supplementary interventions. The study screened and isolated entomopathogenic bacteria from tree hole soil debris. Gram positive endospore forming bacteria were selected for, using the pasteurization technique against Anopheles gambiae (target species) and potent isolates were identified with molecular techniques using the 16s rRNA region. From a total of 616 samples examined, only 4.69% (21/448) were potent. Six of these were concurrently evaluated against Aedes (test) and Anopheles (target) species and were all equally potent by 24 hrs, however, Anopheles gambiae species were more susceptible within 3hrs (pvalue = 0.006˂ 0.05 = α). Identification revealed 100% homology with Bacillus group. In this study two isolates that typed as Bacillus anthracis str. Shikan-NIID have not been known to have entomopathogenic activity.Propositions for further studies to evaluate reproducibility under field conditions, efficacy and safety studies are underway.
Measuring the Effects of Real and Monetary Shocks in a Structural New-Keynesian Model

We develop a technique for analyzing the dynamics of shocks in structural linear rational expectations models. Our work differs from standard SVARs since we allow expectations of future variables to enter structural equations. We show how to estimate the variance-covariance matrix of fundamental and non-fundamental shocks and we construct point estimates and confidence bounds for impulse response functions. Our technique can handle both determinate and indeterminate equilibria. We provide an application to U.S. monetary policy under pre and post Volcker monetary policy rules
Using Value-Added Models to Measure Teacher Effects on Students’ Motivation and Achievement

Value-added (VA) models measure teacher contributions to student learning and are increasingly employed in educational reform efforts. Using data from 35 seventh-grade teachers and 2,026 students across seven schools, we employ VA methods to measure teacher contributions to students’ motivational orientations (mastery and performance achievement goals) and their mathematics performance. The analysis suggests less variation in teachers’ contributions to students’ achievement goals than mathematics achievement. However, during a time when most students’ mastery motivation is declining sharply, a one standard deviation increase in teacher contributions to student mastery orientation is associated with a 40% smaller decline in student mastery goals. Teacher mastery contributions are also associated with gains in a student’s seventh-grade mathematics achievement (d = .11). In addition to using VA measures to focus on improving student achievement, these measures can be used to orient teachers, schools, and districts on the enhancement of students’ motivation to learn.
Electromagnetic Field Solution in Conformal Structures: Theoretical and Numerical Analysis

A full-wave evaluation of the electromagnetic field in conformal structures with linear loading materials is presented in this paper. The analysis is performed considering at first conformal components with conventional isotropic and homogeneous media in the generalized orthogonal curvilinear reference system. In this first case, a summary of the possible analytical solutions of the vector wave equation obtainable through various factorization techniques is given. Then, the attention is focused on conformal structures involving non-conventional media (anisotropic, chiral, bianisotropic) and in this case the field solution is demanded to a new generalization of the transmission line approach. As an aside, exploiting a contravariant field formulation, which allows writing Maxwell's equations in the generalized reference system as in the Cartesian one, a useful relationship between the local curvature of the geometry and a suitable inhomogeneity of a related planar structure is presented. Finally, some results, obtained simulating the behavior of patch radiators mounted on curved bodies through the combined application of an extended Method of Line (MoL) numerical algorithm and the theoretical approach here derived, are presented.
MODES OF VIBRATION OF THE BEAMS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DISCONTINUITY IN FOUNDATION

Vibrations of the Timoshenko beams resting on the Winkler and Pasternak elastic foundation with discontinuity are investigated in this paper. A p-version finite element method that accounts for shear deformation is used. This p-element has special displacement shape functions that make it particularly appropriate for dealing with problems with discontinuities such as those introduced in the foundation. A set of ordinary differential equations is derived; geometrical non-linearity is considered in these equations for the sake of generality and for future use. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of vibration (composed by transverse displacements and rotations of cross sections) of the shear deformable beam are presented for diverse sizes and location of the discontinuity in the foundation. Results of the present approach are compared with the ones computed via established finite element software for various stiffness of the elastic support of the Winkler and Pasternak type.
A test of the utility of DNA barcoding in the radiation of the freshwater stingray genus Potamotrygon (Potamotrygonidae, Myliobatiformes)

DNA barcoding is a recently proposed global standard in taxonomy based on DNA sequences. The two main goals of DNA barcoding methodology are assignment of specimens to a species and discovery of new species. There are two main underlying assumptions: i) reciprocal monophyly of species, and ii) intraspecific divergence is always less than interspecific divergence. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis of the family Potamotrygonidae based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene, sampling 10 out of the 18 to 20 valid species including two non-described species. Potamotrygonidae systematics is still not fully resolved with several still-to-be-described species while some other species are difficult to delimit due to overlap in morphological characters and because of sharing a complex color patterns. Our results suggest that the family passed through a process of rapid speciation and that the species Potamotrygon motoro, P. scobina, and P. orbignyi share haplotypes extensively. Our results suggest that systems of identification of specimens based on DNA sequences, together with morphological and/or ecological characters, can aid taxonomic studies, but delimitation of new species based on threshold values of genetic distances are overly simplistic and misleading.