Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Cytologic correlation between the Bethesda system and colposcopic biopsy].

Bethesda system is useful in the citologic diagnosis of premalign diseases of cervix. It was determined the correlation between citologic report using Bethesda system and combined colposcopic index (CCI) or Reid, to diagnose premalign diseases of cervix by histologic diagnostic of punch biopsy by colposcopy. A total of 118 patients come to the colposcopy clinic having smear anormal citology to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), only o associated to HPV. It was taken to all of them a new cervical smear, colposcopy and punch biopsy. We analized the findings for citology with Bethesda system and colpospic with CCI of Reid, using histologic diagnosis of punch biopsy by colposcopy. Diagnosis correlation between Bethesda system and the punch biopsy by colposcopy was 98.5% for 82 patients with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions with a concordance of 100% for HPV and 97% for CNI I (p < 0.05). In the other hand 92% from 36 patients classified as high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions with a concordance of 84% to CIN II and 100% to CIN III (p < .05) Sensibility of 93%, especifidad and positive predictive value of 96% and negative predictive value of 98%. We conclude correlation between citologic report with Bethesda system and the Combined Colposcopic Index of Reid which are effective to diagnose premalign disease of cervix.
SPORE DENSITY AND ROOT COLONIZATION BY ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN PRESERVED OR DISTURBED Araucaria angustifolia ( Bert . ) O . Ktze . ECOSYSTEMS

Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. , a native forest tree from Brazil, is under extinction risk. This tree depends on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for growth and development, especially in tropical low-P soils but, despite being a conifer, Araucaria does not form ectomycorrhiza, but only the arbuscular endomycorrhiza. This study aimed at surveying data on the spore density and root colonization (CR) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in Araucaria angustifolia forest ecosystems, in order to discriminate natural, implemented, and anthropic action-impacted ecosystems, by means of Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA). Three ecosystems representative of the Campos do Jordão (SP, Brazil) region were selected: 1. a native forest (FN); 2. a replanted Araucaria forest (R); and 3. a replanted Araucaria forest, submitted to accidental fire (RF). Rhizosphere soil and roots were sampled in May and October, 2002, for root colonization, AMF identification, and spores counts. Root percent colonization rates at first collection date were relatively low and did not differ amongst ecosystems. At the second period, FN presented higher colonization than the other two areas, with much higher figures than during the first period, for all areas. Spore density was lower in FN than in the other areas. A total of 26 AMF species were identified. The percent root colonization and spore numbers were inversely related to each other in all ecosystems. CDA indicated that there is spatial distinction among the three ecosystems in regard to the evaluated
Prophylactic cranial irradiation for preventing brain metastases in patients undergoing radical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there is a relatively high incidence of brain metastases following radical treatment. At present, the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in this group of patients is not clear. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether PCI has a role in the management of patients with NSCLC treated with radical intent. SEARCH STRATEGY The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cancerlit, along with handsearching of journals, relevant books, and review articles used to identify potentially eligible trials. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PCI with no PCI in NSCLC patients treated with radical intent. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Four RCTs were reviewed. Due to the small patient numbers, and variations in radiotherapy (RT) dose, no meta-analysis was attempted. MAIN RESULTS PCI may reduce the incidence of brain metastases, but there is no evidence of a survival benefit. There is no evidence that any regimen is superior, and the effect of PCI on quality of life (QOL) is not known. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of PCI in clinical practice. Where possible, patients should be offered entry into a clinical trial.
A review of lipid-modifying drugs used alone and in combination

therosclerotic vascular disease is the leading cause of death in industrialized nations. The presence of high plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) and its major carrier, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), are strongly correlated with the development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). Conversely, a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an independent risk factor for CHD. An increased level of triglycerides (TG) often is present in patients with CHD. Traditionally, CHD risk assessment focused on determining serum levels of TC, LDL-cholesA Review of Lipid-Modifying Drugs Used Alone and in Combination
Molecularly derived mesoscale modeling of an epoxy/Cu interface (part III*): Interface roughness

This paper addresses use of coarse-grained mesoscale model to look at angle dependencies in an epoxy-copper (I) oxide interface in order to understand roughness effects on adhesion. The parameterization of the coarse-grained beads were previously parameterized from the molecular level [1-3] for the same polymer and copper oxide interface. Roughness was investigated in two ways: applying a zigzag interface to the interface separation simulation, and separating the interface using differing angles. When compared, both methods reduce to the similar energy trends. In addition, the effect moisture on the interface was compared for the rough and smooth interfaces.
Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence

Else-Marie Augusti , Hanna Karoline Torheim & Annika Melinder (2012): Theeffect of emotional facial expressions on children's working memory: Associations with age andbehavior, Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood andAdolescence, DOI:10.1080/09297049.2012. 749225
Validation of Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Prediction of Three-Dimensional Structures of Small Proteins

Although various higher-order protein structure prediction methods have been developed, almost all of them were developed based on the three-dimensional (3D) structure information of known proteins. Here we predicted the short protein structures by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in which only Newton’s equations of motion were used and 3D structural information of known proteins was not required. To evaluate the ability of MD simulationto predict protein structures, we calculated seven short test protein (10–46 residues) in the denatured state and compared their predicted and experimental structures. The predicted structure for Trp-cage (20 residues) was close to the experimental structure by 200-ns MD simulation. For proteins shorter or longer than Trp-cage, root-mean square deviation values were larger than those for Trp-cage. However, secondary structures could be reproduced by MD simulations for proteins with 10–34 residues. Simulations by replica exchange MD were performed, but the results were similar to those from normal MD simulations. These results suggest that normal MD simulations can roughly predict short protein structures and 200-ns simulations are frequently sufficient for estimating the secondary structures of protein (approximately 20 residues). Structural prediction method using only fundamental physical laws are useful for investigating non-natural proteins, such as primitive proteins and artificial proteins for peptide-based drug delivery systems.
Sensory deprivation in the cricket nervous system: evidence for a critical period.

Studies of the vertebrate visual system have supported the hypothesis that the response properties of mature neurones are partially determined by their functional history. Hubel & Wiesel (1963) found that the functional organization of the cat visual cortex was sensitive to the pattern of sensory input from the two eyes. They also demonstrated that this sensitivity of the visual cortex to experimental manipulations was restricted to a well defined period early in post-embryonic development which they called the 'critical period' (Hubel & Wiesel, 1970). During this critical period the visual cortex could be extensively modified by the experience it received. Experience outside of the critical period had little or no effect on the organization of the system (Blakemore & Van Sluyters, 1974; Hubel & Wiesel, 1970). We recently reported that development of the response characteristics of an identified interneurone in an invertebrate nervous system was affected by the sensory stimulation the animal receives during development (Matsumoto & Murphey, 1977 a). When sensory activity was lowered throughout post-embryonic development the responsiveness of the identified neurone in adults was below normal. The present study sought to determine whether this sensitivity to sensory input was restricted to one or another developmental stage. The cercal-to-giant interneurone system of crickets consists of a bilaterally symmetric pair of abdominal appendages, namely the cerci, and a group of a dozen or so bilaterally homologous first order interneurones. The cerci are highly specialized as mechanosensitive organs. Afferent input from sensory cells associated with mechanosory hairs located on the cerci innervate two interneurones known as the lateral and medial giant interneurones (Palka & Edwards, 1974; Murphey, 1973; Murphey, Matsumoto & Mendenhall, 1976). Blocking movement of the cereal hairs drastically lowers afferent input to these two interneurones. Crickets are hemimetabolous insects, and therefore mature through a series of stages (instars) before moulting to the sexually mature adult instar. A full complement of central neurones is present at the time of hatching but peripheral sensory neurones are added at each moult (Gymer & Edwards, 1967). Since neurones are being added during larval life it was of interest to examine the effects of restricted sensory input during these developmental stages. Since the cerci are accessible to experimental
High-speed and low-leakage MTCMOS memory registers

Various high speed sequential multi-threshold voltage CMOS (MTCMOS) circuit techniques are presented and evaluated in this paper. Dedicated low leakage data preserving memory elements are integrated into the MTCMOS flip-flops. The leakage power consumption of an MTCMOS memory register is reduced by up to 67.72% as compared to the previously published conventional sequential MTCMOS circuits in a UMC 80nm CMOS technology. The control scheme required to implement a low leakage sleep mode is significantly simplified with the memory register. Furthermore, the area of the memory register is reduced by up to 46.43% as compared to the conventional MTCMOS registers.
Flash photolysis of caged nitric oxide inhibits proximal tubular fluid reabsorption in free-flow nephron.

A nonobstructing optical method was developed to measure proximal tubular fluid reabsorption in rat nephron at 0.25 Hz. The effects of uncaging luminal nitric oxide (NO) on proximal tubular reabsorption were investigated with this method. Proximal fluid reabsorption rate was calculated as the difference of tubular flow measured simultaneously at two locations (0.8-1.8 mm apart) along a convoluted proximal tubule. Tubular flow was estimated on the basis of the propagating velocity of fluorescent dextran pulses in the lumen. Changes in local tubular flow induced by intratubular perfusion were detected simultaneously along the proximal tubule, indicating that local tubular flow can be monitored in multiple sites along a tubule. The estimated tubular reabsorption rate was 5.52 +/- 0.38 nl.min(-1). mm(-1) (n = 20). Flash photolysis of luminal caged NO (potassium nitrosylpentachlororuthenate) was induced with a 30-Hz UV nitrogen-pulsed laser. Release of NO from caged NO into the proximal tubule was confirmed by monitoring intracellular NO concentration using a cell-permeant NO-sensitive fluorescent dye (DAF-FM). Emission of DAF-FM was proportional to the number of laser pulses used for uncaging. Photolysis of luminal caged NO induced a dose-dependent inhibition of proximal tubular reabsorption without activating tubuloglomerular feedback, whereas uncaging of intracellular cGMP in the proximal tubule decreased tubular flow. Coupling of this novel method to measure reabsorption with photolysis of caged signaling molecules provides a new paradigm to study tubular reabsorption with ambient tubular flow.
Development and standardization of Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) in the Indian language Kannada.

INTRODUCTION A circadian rhythm is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable, oscillation of about 24 hours; the rhythms driven by a circadian clock and sleep have been widely observed in plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. The main aim of the current study was to translate and validate the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to Kannada (MEQ-K). MATERIALS AND METHODS The English version of MEQ was translated to Kannada using translation-back-translation method. Further it was given to 30 native Kannada speakers for content validation. The final MEQ-Kannada version was then administered on 93 normal native Kannada speakers. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 17.0 software. Statistics such as mean, standard deviation and variance and reliability statistics such as Cronbach's alpha score as well as item-total correlation were obtained. RESULTS RESULTS showed that, MEQ-K has a Cronbach's alpha score of 0.870 which is considered to be of good reliability. It was also observed that, even after deletion of any one item from the MEQ-K, the Cronbach's alpha score remained the same. CONCLUSION From the current results it can be stated that, MEQ-K is a reliable tool that can categorize Kannada speaking population into various circadian types.
Overview of quantitative susceptibility mapping

Magnetic susceptibility describes the magnetizability of a material to an applied magnetic field and represents an important parameter in the field of MRI. With the recently introduced method of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and its conceptual extension to susceptibility tensor imaging (STI), the non‐invasive assessment of this important physical quantity has become possible with MRI. Both methods solve the ill‐posed inverse problem to determine the magnetic susceptibility from local magnetic fields. Whilst QSM allows the extraction of the spatial distribution of the bulk magnetic susceptibility from a single measurement, STI enables the quantification of magnetic susceptibility anisotropy, but requires multiple measurements with different orientations of the object relative to the main static magnetic field. In this review, we briefly recapitulate the fundamental theoretical foundation of QSM and STI, as well as computational strategies for the characterization of magnetic susceptibility with MRI phase data. In the second part, we provide an overview of current methodological and clinical applications of QSM with a focus on brain imaging. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Earth’s Energy Imbalance

Climate change from increased greenhouse gases arises from a global energy imbalance at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). TOA measurements of radiation from space can track changes over time but lack absolute accuracy. An inventory of energy storage changes shows that over 90% of the imbalance is manifested as a rise in ocean heat content (OHC). Data from the Ocean Reanalysis System, version 4 (ORAS4), and other OHC-estimated rates of change are used to compare with model-based estimates of TOA energy imbalance [from the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4)] and with TOA satellite measurements for the year 2000 onward. Most ocean-only OHC analyses extend to only 700-m depth, have large discrepancies among the rates of change of OHC, and do not resolve interannual variability adequately to capture ENSO and volcanic eruption effects, all aspects that are improved with assimilation of multivariate data. ORAS4 rates of change of OHC quantitatively agree with the radiative forcing estimates of impacts of the three major volcanic eruptions since 1960 (Mt. Agung, 1963; El Chich� 1982; and Mt. Pinatubo, 1991). The natural variability of the energy imbalance is substantial from month to month, associated with cloud and weather variations, and interannually mainly associated with ENSO, while the sun affects 15% of the climate change signal on decadal time scales. All estimates (OHC and TOA) show that over the past decade the energy imbalance ranges between about 0.5 and 1Wm 22 . By using the full-depth ocean, there is a better overall accounting for energy, but discrepancies remain at interannual time scales between OHC- and TOA-based estimates, notably in 2008/09.
A SURVEY ON ALCOHOL AND ILLICIT DRUG ABUSE AMONG EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT PATIENTS

Abstract Alcohol and illicit drug abuse are major health care problems frequently leading to emergency department admission. The aims of this survey were (1) to determine for the Ghent University Hospital how frequently substance abuse contributed to emergency department admissions, (2) to describe the most important clinical features of these patients and (3) to determine how frequently these patients were referred to appropriate psychiatric services. All 1,941 patients attending the emergency department during the month of September 2003 were registered by the attending emergency department personnel. After exclusion of 8 cases, 1,933 patients were included: 198 (10%) with substance abuse leading to the emergency department admission (= INTOX group) and 1,735 (90%) in the NON-INTOX group. Males and the 21-50 years age group were overrepresented in the INTOX group. Patients with substance abuse were also overrepresented during the night, but not during the weekend. Among the patients from the INTOX group the most frequent reason for the emergency department visit was a psychiatric problem (102/198; 51%). Traumatic lesions related to a fight (n=19), to a traffic accident (n=17) and to leisure time activities (n=30) were also frequent. In most patients, only alcohol was abused (144/198; 73%), most frequently chronically (102/144; 71%). In 13% (26/198), there was only illicit drug use, and in 14% (28/198) alcohol abuse was combined with illicit drug use. Among the 54 patients with illicit drug use (with or without alcohol abuse) the most frequently reported drugs were cannabis (54%), cocaine (41%), amphetamines (39%) and opiates (39%). With regard to referral to appropriate psychosocial services it was striking that 53% (19/36) of trauma patients with chronic substance abuse were not offered that type of help. We conclude that abuse of alcohol – and to a much lesser degree illicit drugs – is a frequent cause of emergency department admissions. Our data may help to convince and/or reinforce health care policy makers, emergency department medical directors and the public that alcohol consumption (much more than illicit drugs) is responsible for avoidable morbidity and mortality, and that well-co-ordinated strategies against unhealthy alcohol use are urgently needed. In this respect, the importance of detection and referral of emergency department patients with unhealthy alcohol use should be stressed.
Efficacy of Botox versus Placebo for Treatment of Patients with Major Depression

Background: Treatment of major depression is crucial to decrease the burden of disease. Hence, in this study, the efficacy of Botox was compared with placebo for treatment of patients with major depression. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 28 consecutive patients with major depression were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either Botox or placebo and the scores of Beck Depression Inventory were determined and compared at baseline and after two and six weeks in the groups and between the groups. In addition, the drug adverse effects were compared between groups. This study had been registered in TCTR with TCTR20170409001 code. Results: There was a statistically significant difference two group for 6th week Beck Score (P=0.004), but at baseline and after two weeks, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). None of the patients experienced side effects. Conclusion: Finally, Botox is effective for treatment of patients with major depression and it has a high safety.
Loss of heterozygosity, microsatellite instability, and mismatch repair protein alterations in the radial growth phase of cutaneous malignant melanomas

Little is known about genomic alterations during development of the radial growth phase (RGP) of cutaneous malignant melanomas (CMMs). In this investigation polymerase chain reaction–based microsatellite assays were applied to analyze 13 RGP‐CMMs with 18 microsatellite markers at six chromosomal regions: 1p, 3p, 4q, 6q, 9p, and 10q. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was found in eight cases (62%), at 9p22, 1p36, and 10q11, suggesting the presence of tumor‐suppressor genes at these regions. LOH was encountered frequently at the interferon‐α (31%) and D10S249 loci (15%). Low‐level microsatellite instability (MSI) (11–16% of investigated loci unstable) was noted in three cases (23%). Two MSI banding patterns were seen: band shift and the presence of additional bands. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the low‐level MSI pattern, we analyzed the lesions for expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins with immunoperoxidase methods and mouse monoclonal antibodies. The average percentages of positively stained cells for human MutL homolog 1 (hMLH1), human MutS homolog 2 (hMSH2), and human MutS homolog 6 (hMSH6) in RGP‐CMM (75.6 ± 3.4%, 67.20 ± 7.71%, and 76.6 ± 2.1%, respectively) were reduced compared with benign nevi. No statistically significant differences in MMR protein expression were found between microsatellite‐stable and low‐level MSI lesions (P = 0.173, P = 0.458, and P = 0.385 for hMLH1, hMSH2, and hMSH6, respectively). There was a direct correlation between values for percentages of positively stained cells for hMSH2 and hMSH6 (r = +0.9, P = 0.03), suggesting that common mechanisms regulate their expression. In conclusion, LOH, MSI, and reduced MMR protein expression appear to be present in at least some RGP‐CMMs and may play a role in their pathogenesis. Further studies are necessary to support these finding and to determine their diagnostic and prognostic significance. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bounded remainder sets

Definitions. Let L be a lattice in R (that is, a discrete subgroup of maximal order) and let α be an element of R; (α,L) is said to be a minimal couple if for every nonzero linear form φ on R such that φ(L) is included in Z, φ(α) is not in Z. We define the rotation T on the set X = R/L by Tx = x+α mod L; it preserves the Lebesgue measure λ on X, and (α,L) is minimal if and only if T is minimal, that is, has dense orbits; in particular, L and α must generate R. If α = (α1, . . . , αs) and L is Z, this is equivalent to (1, α1, . . . , αs) being rationally independent. A set A in R is L-simple if whenever x ∈ A, y ∈ A, x − y ∈ L, then x = y. Let A be a subset of X; we say A is a bounded remainder set (BRS) if there exist real numbers a and C such that for every integer n and λ-almost every x in X, ∣∣∣ n ∑