Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic ancestries in northwest Cambodia

A survey of the genetic ancestry of 125 Cambodian children resident in Siem Reap province was undertaken, based on eight Y-chromosome binary polymorphisms and sequencing of the mtDNA HV1 region. The data indicated a largely East Asian paternal ancestry and a local Southeast Asian maternal ancestry. The presence of Y-chromosomes P* and R1a1* was suggestive of a small but significant Indo-European male ancestral component, which probably reflects the history of Indian, and later European, influences on Cambodia.
Three-Dimensional Evolution of Scoliotic Curve During Instrumentation Without Fusion in Young Children

This study respectively evaluated 12 young children with progressive curves who underwent subcutaneous rod instrumentation (SCRI) without fusion and were followed until definitive surgery. The mean curve Cobb angle was 58° at the time of SCRI. The mean apical vertebral rotation at the time of presentation was 20°. Curves were observed to have progressed to an average of 59° before definitive surgery and were corrected to 34° with instrumentation. The average apical vertebral rotation was found to be 34° before the definitive treatment. This value was significantly larger than the pre-SCRI value (P = 0.002). The average number of lengthening operations per patient was 4.6, and the number of all operations per patient was 7. Six patients developed complications. The average time spent in hospital was 101 days. The findings demonstrate that the curves were essentially unchanged in the frontal plane during the period of lengthening. The sagittal curves remained mostly within normal limits, but there was an alarming increase in rotation.
Different genotypes of human polyomaviruses found in patients with autoimmune diseases in Taiwan

We have assayed for the presence of human polyomaviruses in urine of autoimmune disease patients, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), by PCR. The results indicate that approximately 40% of patients were JCV positive and 15% of the JCV positive patients were also infected by BKV at the same time according to Southern blot and DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Interestingly, the JCV present in autoimmune diseases patients were Taiwan‐1, Taiwan‐2, and Taiwan‐3 strains with pentanucleotide‐A (GGGAA) and/or ‐B (AAAGC) deletions within the regulatory region. In addition, BKV found in the examined samples were Taichung‐1 and Taichung‐2 strains. Taichung‐1 had two nucleotide alterations and Taichung‐2 had six nucleotide differences within the regulatory region when compared to WW BKV archetype. Although the examined autoimmune diseases patients included RA, SLE, PM, DM, and SS patients, there appears to be no correlation between disease and virus strains. However, Taiwan‐2 strain JCV with two copies of pentanucleotide‐A deletion was present in the patient with the longest period of immunosuppressive medication. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Special Report on the Role of Open Educational Resources in Supporting the Sustainable Development Goal 4: Quality Education Challenges and Opportunities

Open Educational Resources (OER) and their offspring, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), are becoming important factors in achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 4: Quality Education (SDG4). This was recognised early on by UNESCO in 2004 when they first coined the term “Open Educational Resources” and in 2012 with the OER Paris Declaration. UNESCO is continuing its support of OER with the 2nd OER Summit in September 2017. There is recognition that OER and MOOCs, while not being the solution to the world's educational crises, will play an important, if not essential, role. The OER movement is less than 15 years old and is growing rapidly as more and more nations and institutions adopt the view that publicly-funded research and educational content belongs to the people and should therefore be open and accessible to them. Canada can play an important role in supporting SDG4 by increasing its support for OER and open education in general, both in Canada and abroad.
Evaluation of nonspatial approaches and equation forms used to predict tree crown recession

Two nonspatial approaches for modeling tree crown recession (ΔHCB) were evaluated by using 5341 observations from Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). The first approach applies a static height-to-crown-base (HCB) equation at the start and end of the growth period and uses the difference in these predictions as an estimate of ΔHCB. This allometric method can be applied to species lacking ΔHCB data from permanent plots. The incremental method directly predicts ΔHCB from an equation developed from adequate permanent plot data. Two allometric and six incremental equation forms were examined. Also examined were three approaches for determining the end-of-growth-period tree and plot attributes used by the allometric method. Although the allometric method can produce unbiased estimates of ΔHCB, the best allometric equation forms explained about one-half of the variation explained by the best incremental equation form. The two best incremental equation forms were modifications of a nonlinear logis.
TRANFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP EFFECT ON THE MARKETING PERFORMANCE THROUGH MARKET ORIENTATION

Regional Enterprise or so-called enterprises can play an important role for the region in particular and national development in general. As one source of local revenue or PAD in addition to tax and retribution, so that the management of enterprises require a serious and professional. Leadership is important to be discussed based on the consideration that, first, theoretically, leadership is positioned as the central factor that dominates, moving, directing, and coordinating various other factors within the organization. Leaders are needed for determining the continuity and development of business. Secondly, referring to previous research that leadership is a factor that significantly influence market orientation, organizational innovation and organizational performance. The purpose of this study was to: (1) test and analyze the effect of transformational leadership on market orientation; (2) to test and analyze the effect of transformational leadership on organizational innovation; (3) to test and analyze the effect of market orientation on performance marketing; (4) test and analyze the effect of innovation on the performance of marketing organizations; (5) to test and analyze the effect of market orientation on organizational innovation; (6) test and analyze the effect of transformational leadership on marketing performance.
Strategies and Processes for Implementing Financial Analysis for Business Success

Strategies and Processes for Implementing Financial Analysis for Business Success by Dawn Theona Alexander-Joseph MBA, University of the West Indies, 2008 BSc, Universidad de Camaguey, 2003 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University July 2017 Abstract The early failure of startup businesses is a concern for many local communities, including the Virgin Islands, with about half of startups failing within the first 5 years of their life cycle. Besides the social and economic impact on communities, these failures have a personal effect on small business owners. Grounded in decision-making theory and the theory of financial management, the purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies and processes Virgin Islands retail business managers use to implementThe early failure of startup businesses is a concern for many local communities, including the Virgin Islands, with about half of startups failing within the first 5 years of their life cycle. Besides the social and economic impact on communities, these failures have a personal effect on small business owners. Grounded in decision-making theory and the theory of financial management, the purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies and processes Virgin Islands retail business managers use to implement financial analysis for decision making to help sustain their operations. Data were collected using company records and semistructured interviews with 7 retail managers, who had developed successful financial analysis strategies.
Do Investors Follow Directors?

Using more than 30 million quarterly observations on investment funds, firms, and directors, we show that equity-ownership relationships between funds and directors comove when new firms appoint these directors. Funds follow directors from high operating performance and high valuation firms to low valuation firms, and these funds make larger new equity investments when they follow these directors. Relative to their other new equity investments, these funds earn abnormal returns the quarter after they follow directors. However, there is little evidence of long-term improvements at these firms. The strategy of following directors is profitable only in the short run.
MILLENNIAL ACCOUNTING GRADUATE EMPLOYMENT EXPECTATIONS, CONSIDERATIONS, AND SATISFACTION AT PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS

Millennials will soon make up the majority of the workforce in the United States. Therefore, it is important for companies to understand their employment preferences in order to attract and retain this generation to the workplace. The Millennial generation is especially important to public accounting firms because firms rely on talent in order to provide high-quality services to clients. This study analyzes Millennial accounting graduate’s employment preferences in order to determine what attracts and retains this generation to the field of public accounting and a particular firm, as well as what drives them to leave. Survey results indicate that a firm’s social culture, including its people, is the most important consideration employed by Millennials in the decision to join a particular firm. Additionally, enjoying the people one works with was the most commonly identified reason to stay at a firm and to join a firm after completing an internship. The survey also finds that Millennials are thinking long-term about their careers and place higher value on opportunities for career growth than on items of immediate satisfaction, such as high compensation. In addition, the study finds the most commonly identified reason to move between firms within public accounting is a lack of loyalty to the initial firm and its future vision. If firms are able to join a dynamic social culture with strong mentoring and opportunities for growth, they could likely increase firm loyalty and prevent some Millennials from moving between firms. Lastly, the study finds there may be differences between older and younger millennials that could indicate a need for further research in order to update our understanding of Millennials.
Audit Committee Effectiveness and Audit Quality: Evidence from Saudi Arabia

This study investigates if Audit Committee (AC) effectiveness, measured by size, activity, independence, and expertise, affects audit quality through the appointment of a high quality auditor. This study deepens our understanding of the role of AC in a developing country that recently applied a Corporate Governance (CG) Code, Saudi Arabia. The study employs logistic multiple regression analysis, in which we use two dummy dependent variables: selection of an industry specialist auditor and a Big-4 auditor or not. We examine a sample of 361 firm-year observations from 2007 to 2011. The basic analysis shows that AC size is the only determinant of audit quality, with a negative coefficient. When aggregating the effectiveness characteristics in one score, we find a significant negative correlation with audit quality, which implies that effective ACs are less likely to select an industry specialist auditor, contrary to expectations. The additional analysis shows that none of the AC effectiveness characteristics affects the decision of the AC to appoint a Big-4 auditor, whether individually or collectively. Furthermore, we find that ACs of firms with higher family and managerial ownerships and larger firm size are more likely to select a higher quality auditor. CG regulators and interested parties should recognize that AC effectiveness does not necessarily ensure audit quality or rational decisions, since we find that effective ACs are more likely to select an industry non-specialist auditor. ACs seem to comply with CG regulations in form rather than in substance.
Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis in pneumoconiosis: clinical and radiologic findings in 10 patients.

STUDY OBJECTIVE To characterize clinical, radiographic, and CT findings of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (CNPA) in patients with pneumoconiosis. METHODS We studied 10 patients with pneumoconiosis who were seen at Asahi Rosai Hospital and received a clinical diagnosis of CNPA during a 15-year period, and detailed the long-term clinical and radiologic courses of four cases. RESULTS All patients were men, ranging in age from 48 to 77 years (mean, 60.1 years). Their occupational histories included pottery making (n = 9) and coal mining (n = 1). Chest radiographic findings by the International Labor Organization profusion grading system were greater than category 2. All patients were symptomatic, with a productive cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. Serum findings were positive for the Aspergillus antibody in seven patients. The radiologic findings consisted of parenchymal infiltrates and cavities mostly containing mycetoma, which generally involved the upper lobes. The disease progressed slowly; in one patient, broad destruction of the lung was observed after > 10 years without antifungal administration. Most of the patients experienced clinical and radiologic improvement after receiving antifungal therapy, by oral, inhaled, or intracavitary administration. CONCLUSIONS Chronic persistent or progressive upper-lobe infiltrates and cavities in patients with pneumoconiosis should raise the possibility of CNPA. Early diagnosis and initiation of effective therapy are recommended to achieve a better outcome.
The mitigation of asymmetric information through the use of earnouts

We examine the use of a contracting method in mergers and acquisitions known as an earnout. In this type of transaction, the bidder agrees to pay the target an initial amount for the acquisition plus future payments contingent on the achievement of performance milestones. Theory suggests that the contingent payment associated with earnouts should reduce adverse selection problems facing both parties in the merger. The purpose of this dissertation is to study the ability of earnouts to mitigate problems associated with asymmetric information and problem of agency. Specifically, we answer the following questions in analyzing these transactions. First, empirical evidence suggests that earnouts are used in response to differing problems associated with severe informational asymmetries. Given that there are existing technologies addressing these same problems, what is the role of the earnout? To shed light on this issue, we examine a sample consisting of earnout transactions. We also examine the method of payment in these deals and use of investment bank advisors in these transactions. These are two characteristics of acquisitions identified in the literature as mitigating problems associated with informational asymmetries and agency. Second, are earnouts value-increasing events, and if so, how are the gains split between the parties? To answer this question we recognize three sources of value in earnout transactions: (a) merger synergies (b) reduction of problems associated with asymmetry
The Impact of Increasing Search Frictions on Online Shopping Behavior: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Many online stores are designed such that shoppers can easily access any available discounted products. The authors propose that deliberately increasing search frictions by placing obstacles to locating discounted items can improve online retailers’ margins and even increase conversion. The authors demonstrate this using a simple theoretical framework that suggests inducing consumers to inspect higher-priced items first may simultaneously increase the average price of items sold and the overall expected purchase probability by inducing consumers to search more products. The authors test and confirm these predictions in a series of field experiments conducted with a dominant online fashion and apparel retailer. Furthermore, using information in historical transaction data about each consumer, the authors demonstrate that price-sensitive shoppers are more likely to willingly incur search costs when locating discounted items. Our results show that increasing search frictions can be used as a self-selecting price discrimination tool to match high discounts with price-sensitive consumers and full-priced offerings with price-insensitive consumers.
Factors Associated with Breastfeeding in the First Hour after Birth, in Baby Friendly Hospitals, Shiraz-Iran

In this study 257 mothers and infants were studied. Most of the mothers were breastfeeding (94%); 63.8% of the infants had started breastfeeding an hour post delivery. 79% of the infants had been given to their mothers post delivery. 68.9% of mothers given birth in public hospitals, 75.5 % of mothers having gestational age greater than 37 weeks, 60.1% of infants weighing more than 2,500 grams. 88% of mothers with vaginal delivery and all of these mothers had started breastfeeding in the first hour after birth. Conclusion Breastfeeding in the first hour after birth has been associated with mother's educational level, gestational age greater than 37 weeks, previous history of breastfeeding, vaginal delivery, infant weighing more than 2,500 grams, lack of infant disease, lack of hospitalization in NICU, rooming in, lack of prelacteal feeding to newborns and delivery in public hospitals.
A pilot study of a tool to stimulate physical activity in patients with COPD or type 2 diabetes in primary care

Summary We tested the performance, acceptance and user satisfaction of a tool to stimulate physical activity. The tool consisted of an accelerometer, a smartphone app and a server/web application. Patients received feedback concerning their physical activity relative to a goal, which was set in dialogue with their practice nurse. Nurses could monitor their patients’ physical activity via a website. Twenty patients with COPD or type 2 diabetes used the tool for three months, combined with behaviour change counselling. Physical activity data were collected at the server and a log file was used to record technical problems. We interviewed patients and nurses after every consultation. At baseline, and after the intervention, patients completed questionnaires. Participants were positive about the tool, although motivation dropped when technical problems occurred caused by log-in and connectivity errors. On average, physical activity increased from 29 (SD 21) min per day in the first two weeks to 39 (SD 24) min per day in the last two weeks (P = 0.02), and quality of life scores increased from 0.76 (SD 0.21) to 0.84 (SD 0.17) (P = 0.04). Provided that no connectivity problems occur, the tool is a feasible intervention when embedded in primary care, and has a positive effect on physical activity levels.
Vitamin D Related Genes, CYP24A1 and CYP27B1, and Colon Cancer Risk

Genetic association studies investigating the role of vitamin D in colon cancer have primarily focused on the vitamin D receptor (VDR), with limited data available for other genes in the vitamin D pathway, including vitamin D activating enzyme 1-α hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and vitamin D deactivating enzyme 24-α hydroxylase (CYP24A1). We evaluated whether 12 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in CYP24A1, identified by resequencing the gene in 32 Caucasian samples, and 1 SNP in CYP27B1 were associated with colon cancer risk. In addition, we evaluated whether these two genes modify associations between colon cancer on the one hand and total vitamin D intake and UV-weighted sun exposure on the other, as well as other variants in VDR. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between polymorphisms and haplotypes in CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in a multicenter population-based case-control study of 1,600 cases and 1,949 controls. The CYP24A1 polymorphism IVS4-66T > G showed a statistically significant association with risk of colon cancer overall, particularly for proximal colon cancer. When stratified by anatomic site, we also found statistically significant associations for three CYP24A1 polymorphisms with risk of distal colon cancer (IVS4 + 1653C > T: OR for CT/TT versus CC, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.96; IVS9 + 198T > C: OR for CC versus TT, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.03-1.73; and within whites only: +4125bp 3′ of STPC > G: OR for GG versus CC, 1.44; 95% CI, 1-2.05). In addition, a possible interaction between CYP27B1 and UV-weighted sun exposure with proximal colon cancer was observed. As this is the first study to evaluate these genes in relation to colon cancer, additional studies are needed to confirm these results. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(9):2540–8)
Impact of Surface Potential on Apatite Formation in Ti Alloys Subjected to Acid and Heat Treatments

Titanium metal (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in orthopedic and dental fields. We have previously shown that acid and heat treatment was effective to introduce bone bonding, osteoconduction and osteoinduction on pure Ti. In the present study, acid and heat treatment with or without initial NaOH treatment was performed on typical Ti-based alloys used in orthopedic and dental fields. Dynamic movements of alloying elements were developed, which depended on the kind of treatment and type of alloy. It was found that the simple acid and heat treatment enriched/remained the alloying elements on Ti–6Al–4V, Ti–15Mo–5Zr–3Al and Ti–15Zr–4Nb–4Ta, resulting in neutral surface charges. Thus, the treated alloys did not form apatite in a simulated body fluid (SBF) within 3 days. In contrast, when the alloys were subjected to a NaOH treatment prior to an acid and heat treatment, alloying elements were selectively removed from the alloy surfaces. As a result, the treated alloys became positively charged, and formed apatite in SBF within 3 days. Thus, the treated alloys would be useful in orthopedic and dental fields since they form apatite even in a living body and bond to bone.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TOTAL ASSET, FUND AGE , EXPENSE RATIO DAN PORTOFOLIO TURNOVER TERHADAP KINERJA REKSA DANA PERIODE 2012 - 2014

M utual fund An investment vehicle that is made up of a pool of funds collected from many investors for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and similar assets. Mutual funds are Managed by an professional investmen maganer that can manage the fund in accordance with its investmen objectives. The method used is multiple regression analysis with the classical assumption as statistical requirements. The research variables consisted of total assets, fund age, expense ratio and portfolio turnover. Data used in the study include the NAB monthly data, the effective date of mutual funds, expense ratio and portfolio turnover in the period 2012 - 2014. Forty-five conventional mutual funds with the observation period of 3 years cover 15 equity funds, 15 fixed income funds and 15 mixed fund. T he results show The partial test showed that total asset and expense ratio give a positive effect and significant on the performance of conventional mutual fund. Portofolio turnover give a negative effect and not significant on the performance of mutual fund. Fund age give a positif effect but not significant on the performance of mutual fund.