Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Sidr Honey on the prevention of ethanol-induced gatroulcerogenesis: role of antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanism

Background: Sider (Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. ) Honey has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders including peptic ulcer. Aim of the study: The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of sider honey was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. The mechanism of the antiulcer effect of sider honey was studied placing emphasis on its role to block oxidative damage and apoptosis during ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Materials and methods: Experimental animals were orally treated with sidr honey (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively) or omeprazole and subsequently exposed to 95%ethanol (5 mL/Kg, orally) to induce acute gastroulcerogenesis. Effectiveness of sidr honey was evaluated using ulcer index, pH of gastric juice, mucus content, morphological analyses, glutathione assay and malondialdehyde level. The anti-apoptotic role of sidr honey was studied using immunohistochemical staining of gastric tissues using monoclonal antibodies of Bax pathway. Results: Dose-response studies in ethanol-induced ulcer indicate that sidr honey significantly blocks gastric lesions at lower dose (100 mg/kg). Lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion were significantly inhibited by sidr honey. Sidr honey modulated the immuno-expression of mitochondrial associated protein (Bax). Conclusion: Thus, sider honey plays a considerable role in gastro protection by acting as a potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic agent. Future study is required to explore its potential clinical usage.
Does the Version of the Penn World Tables Matter? An Analysis of the Relationship between Growth and Volatility

The Penn World Tables (PWT) are an important data source for cross-country comparisons in economics. The PWT have undergone several revisions over time. This paper documents how countries' output growth rates change across four publicly available versions of the PWT. We show that for some countries the magnitude of the differences is significant and/or the sign of the growth rates changes across versions. Using as an example Ramey and Ramey (1995) , who found growth volatility has a significant negative effect on growth, we demonstrate that conclusions based on one version of the PWT may not hold under another version.
CONTEXTUAL CONTROL OF ACCRUAL THRESHOLDS

Current theories of decision processing in a wide variety of binary choice tasks posit some form of evidence accumulation over time until a threshold or criterion is reached. In the context of discrimination of visual extent, we show that evidence accrual criteria for any particular stimulus pair are dependent upon the overall, global, difficulty context. In particular, response times (RTs) on a target set of stimulus pairs of moderate difficulty were increased when embedded in a difficult context. Moreover, when easy to discriminate pairs were included along with difficult pairs, RTs were the same as when in a difficult context alone, consistent with the additional finding that target pair RTs were uninfluenced by the inclusion of easy pairs. Thus, the most difficult stimulus pair encountered over the course of the experiment controls evidence accrual criteria. The absence of contextual effects on either discriminative accuracy or confidence ratings is also entirely consistent with the Slow and Fast Guessing theory (Petrusic, 1992) based views of contextual difficulty effects.
Contributions to the study of the esophagus and stomach morphology in guinea pig.

Aim of the study is to illuminate some data on gastric esophageal junction morphology in Guinea Pig brings explanations on mice unable to vomit. There are few literature data on the conformation and structure of the laboratory mouse esophagus and stomach. They try to explain why the mouse can not vomit. Deviating slightly to the left only in the cervical region the esophagus runs mainly in the cervical region the esophagus runs mainly mid sagittally along the dorsal aspect of the trachea. Its length is about 30 mm (3, 4). Through out its length the diameter is about 2 mm. Through out its length the diameter is about 2 mm. The epithelium of the esophagus is moderately to extensively cornfield. The submucosa is free of gland. Both layers of the muscular coat are made buddle of skeletal muscle. The esophagus enters the middle of the lesser curvature. The esophageal sphincter is a circular muscle that surrounds the base of the esophagus. At its lower edge, it has muscle fibers that insert into the limiting ridge. So when the sphincter contracts, it not only constricts the walls of the esophagus, it also pulls the sides of the limiting ridge's "U" together, thus hiding and tightly closing the esophageal opening. Muscle layer is formed on the entire length of skeletal muscle fiber.
Revised structure models for antigorite: An HRTEM study

Abstract We have revised the structure model of antigorite so that they conform to observations made using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images and selected-area electron diffraction. The new models retain the original half-wave configuration proposed by Kunze (1956). The Kunze model, and all subsequent research, assumes the occurrence of four- and eightmembered silicate rings in one of the two places where there are reversals of tetrahedron orientations in the tetrahedral sheets. However, TEM images at sufficiently high resolution show no traces of such rings and only half the number of octahedral-sheet offsets as occur in the Kunze model. Using our measurements and models, we generated atom positions for antigorite unit cells having various modulation lengths and then calculated the corresponding images, which provide good matches with our experimental HRTEM images. We also characterized and described antigorite structures with different modulation wavelengths and stacking sequences. Depending on the number of polyhedra in a unit cell and the presence or absence of b/3 shifts between adjoining tetrahedral and octahedral sheets, the antigorite crystals have monoclinic or triclinic symmetry, which we call antigorite-M and antigorite-T, respectively. By resolving the tetrahedral and octahedral positions, we were able to make a direct estimate of the compositions of specific antigorite samples.
A parametric study of the coalescence of liquid drops in a viscous gas

Abstract The coalescence of two liquid drops surrounded by a viscous gas is considered in the framework of the conventional model. The problem is solved numerically with particular attention paid to resolving the very initial stage of the process which only recently has become accessible both experimentally and computationally. A systematic study of the parameter space of practical interest allows the influence of the governing parameters in the system to be identified and the role of viscous gas to be determined. In particular, it is shown that the viscosity of the gas suppresses the formation of toroidal bubbles predicted in some cases by early computations where the gas’ dynamics was neglected. Focusing computations on the very initial stages of coalescence and considering the large parameter space allows us to examine the accuracy and limits of applicability of various ‘scaling laws’ proposed for different ‘regimes’ and, in doing so, reveal certain inconsistencies in recent works. A comparison with experimental data shows that the conventional model is able to reproduce many qualitative features of the initial stages of coalescence, such as a collapse of calculations onto a ‘master curve’ but, quantitatively, overpredicts the observed speed of coalescence and there are no free parameters to improve the fit. Finally, a phase diagram of parameter space, differing from previously published ones, is used to illustrate the key findings.
Concentration and size distribution of biological particles in school classrooms

Fungal and bacterial aerosol particles concentrations are measured in a school classrooms at two different floors using the 6-stage Andersen impactor as a bioaersol sampler. The average bacterial concentration is higher than the average fungal concentration. The concentrations were 957 and 955 cfu/m3 for bacterial particles at first and second floors, respectively while the fungal particles concentrations were 146 and 235 cfu/m3 at first and second floors, respectively. Most of the biological particles were concentrated at the size range of respirable particles (< 5 µm ) that can penetrate into the alveoli and may cause lung diseases. The human activity is a main factor for the production of microbiological particles. Environmental factors play also a role on the fungal growth. Bacterial concentration is almost twice the guide value of WHO while the fungal concentration is underestimation.
The effect of sourcing balance on innovation performance and strategic flexibility

This study investigates how the process of renewing firm’s competences and its inherent sourcing balance affects innovation performance and strategic flexibility. Contemporary literature on external- and internal exploration assume that these sources of exploration are complementary. However, recent advances in the field of innovation literature question this assumption. Through a study of 56 firms located in the Netherlands, this study examines the effect sourcing balance of exploration and the subsequent processes of retaining, reactivating and applying this knowledge on innovation performance and strategic flexibility. Our data suggest that the ability of the company to retain and reactivate knowledge greatly influences innovation performance and strategic flexibility. Moreover we show that the ability to exploit technological knowledge is of great importance for innovation performance. Overall we found evidence that companies which tend to have an internally focussed sourcing balance have a higher innovation performance and higher strategic flexibility, but that this relation is being complicated by the munificence of the environment.
Performance of some apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) germplasm accessions for fruit quality traits in Himachal Pradesh

The present investigation was carried out in field gene bank of NBPGR Regional Station Phagli, Shimla during the year 2014-15. Twenty accessions of Prunus armeniaca L. namely St. Ambroise, Wenatchee, Nugget, Stirling, Nari, Harogem, Rakovslik, Viva Gold, IC-432145, Erevani, Safed Perchinar, KS-1, AS-1, AS-2, NJ-A96, Jordan Early, Vitillo, Shahib, Kalola and Anglo Arsani were evaluated for their tree, foliage, floral and fruit characters. St. Ambroise recorded maximum tree height (10.10 m) whereas minimum (2.47 m) was in Stirling. Shedding of leaf started from 29 th October (Nugget) and extended till 27 th November (Vitillo). Time of full bloom extended from 16 th March in Shahib to 23 rd March in Safed Perchinar. The longest duration (22 days) of flowering was recorded in Erevani and shortest (9 days) in Wenatchee. Time of fruit maturity was early (25 th May) in Shahib and late (26 th June) in Vitillo. Largest and heaviest fruits were observed in St. Ambroise (77.59 g) whereas smallest and lightest fruits were in Viva Gold (19.37 g). Maximum pulp to stone ratio was recorded in Safed Perchinar (33.21) and minimum in Nari (15.57). TSS content was maximum (19.56 Â°B) in Nari whereas minimum (10.73Â°B) in Anglo Arseni. Titratable acidity was recorded maximum (1.86 %) in AS-1 and minimum (0.76%) in IC 432145. Total sugar content ranged from 8.40 per cent in Anglo Arseni to 16.53 per cent in Nari. Total phenol content was maximum (89.57 mg/100 g) in AS-1 and minimum (70.41 mg/100 g) in IC432145. From the present investigation it may be concluded that St. Ambroise, Nari and Shahib can be used for gene source for developing new hybrid cultivars and St. Am-broise may be suggested for cultivation in wet temperate condition of Himachal Pradesh for its better quality.
Estimating a Submesoscale Diffusivity Using a Roughness Measure Applied to a Tracer Release Experiment in the Southern Ocean

AbstractThe use of a measure to diagnose submesoscale isopycnal diffusivity by determining the best match between observations of a tracer and simulations with varying small-scale diffusivities is tested. Specifically, the robustness of a “roughness” measure to discriminate between tracer fields experiencing different submesoscale isopycnal diffusivities and advected by scaled altimetric velocity fields is investigated. This measure is used to compare numerical simulations of the tracer released at a depth of about 1.5 km in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean during the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES) field campaign with observations of the tracer taken on DIMES cruises. The authors find that simulations with an isopycnal diffusivity of ~20 m2 s−1 best match observations in the Pacific sector of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), rising to ~20–50 m2 s−1 through Drake Passage, representing submesoscale processes and any mesoscale processes unresolved by t.
Differential games with many pursuers when evader moves on the surface of a cylinder

We study a pursuit differential game with many Pursuers when the Evader moves on the surface of a given cylinder. Maximal speeds of all players are equal. We consider two cases: in the first case, the Pursuers move arbitrarily without phase constraints; and in the second case, the Pursuers move on the surface of the cylinder. In both cases, we give necessary and sufficient conditions to complete the pursuit. In addition, in the second case, we show that pursuit differential game on a cylinder are equivalent to a differential game on the plane with many groups of Pursuers where each group consists of infinite number of pursuers having the same control parameter. References Isaacs, R. Differential Games. A Mathematical Theory with Applications to Warfare and Pursuit, Control, and Optimization. New York: Wiley, 1963. Petrov, N. N. A problem of group pursuit with phase constraints. J. Appl. Math. Mech. 1988, 52 , No 6, 1030--1033. Petrosyan, L. A. Survival differential game with many participants. Dokl. Akad. Nauk USSR . 1965, 161 , No 2, 285--287. Petrosyan, L. S. Differentsial'nye igry presledovaniya (Pursuit Differential Games). Leningrad (SPb): Leningr.State Univ(SPbSU), 1977. Pshennichnyi, B. N. Simple pursuit of several targets. Kibernetika . 1976, No 3, 145--146. Chernous'ko, F. L. A problem of evasion of several pursuers. J. Appl. Maths Mechs. 1976, 40 , No 1, 14--24. Ivanov R. P. Simple pursuit-evasion on a compact. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. 1980, 254 , No 6, 1318--1321. Melikyan, A. A. and Ovakimyan, N. V. Singular trajectories in the problem of simple pursuit on a manifold. J. Appl. Math. Mech. 1991, 55 , No 1, 42--48. Melikyan, A. A. and Ovakimyan, N. V. Differential Games of Simple Pursuit and Approach on Manifolds. Institute of Mechanics, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. Yerevan. Preprint, 1993. Kuchkarov, A. Sh. The problem of optimal approach in locally euclidean spaces. Automation and Remote Control . 2007, 68 , No 6, 974-978. Kuchkarov, A. Sh. A simple pursuit--evasion problem on a ball of a Riemannian manifold. Mathematical Notes. 2009, 85 , No 2, 190--197. Azamov, A. On a problem of escape along a prescribed curve. J. Appl. Math. Mech. 1982, 46 , No 4, 553--555. Kuchkarov, A. Sh. and Rikhsiev, B. B. on the solution of a pursuit problem with phase constraints. Automation and Remote Control. 2001, 62 , No 8, 1259--1262. Ibragimov G. I. A game problem on a closed convex set. Siberian advances in mathematics. , 2002, 12 , No 3, 16--31. Nikulin, V. V. and Shafarevich, I. R. Geometriya i Gruppy (Geometric and Groups). Moscow: Nauka, 1983.
Two Trees the EZ Way

We study a general equilibrium model with an endowment economy where aggregate consumption is generated by two independent trees subject to longrun risk and where the investor has Epstein-Zin (EZ) preferences. We nd that excess volatility in a two-tree model with EZ preferences is due to the exposure of the assets (trees) to the long-run risk factor, while it is mainly the consequence of the behavior of the risk-free rate in case of the standard specication with constant relative risk aversion (CRRA). The presence of a long-run risk factor generates endogenous return correlation between the assets, which, in our setup, is numerically much more plausible than in the CRRA case, where the extremely high correlation is again due to the extreme behavior of the risk-free rate. Like in the CRRA case very small trees (in terms of their share of aggregate consumption or dividends) have high price-dividend ratios since they are not exposed to systematic consumption risk. With EZ preferences, however, they can nevertheless earn a non-zero risk premium for their exposure to long-run risk, which is not the case with CRRA utility. Finally, time-variation in the drift and volatility of aggregate consumption arising from the setup with two trees become priced risks with EZ preferences and add to the premia for consumption risk of the trees.
Micropropagation of three endemic and endangered fig ( Ficus carica L.) genotypes

In this research, in vitro propagation of three endangered and endemic fig genotypes named ‘Bargchenari’, ‘Dehdez’ and ‘Runu’ were investigated. For shoots proliferation, nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were treated with different concentrations of growth regulators. Rooting of shoots was initiated by the use of MS and MS/2 media and various concentrations of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 mg l-1). The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Results showed that shoots proliferation improved as subcultures increased. The highest shoot numbers per explant 13.67 and 8.8 were achieved eight weeks after second subculture in ‘Runu’ and ‘Bargchenari’ genotypes respectively, when MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l-1 benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.2 mg l-1 N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine (2ip). In ‘Dehdez’ genotype, the number of shoots was 4.4 per explant, when culture media were supplemented with 6 mg l-1 Kinetin (Kn) and 0.2 mg l-1 6-α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest root numbers (2.23) were obtained in ‘Bargchenari’ genotype on MS/2 medium containing 1.5 mg l-1 IBA.
Coseismic slip resolution and post-seismic relaxation time of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake as constrained by geological observations, geodetic measurements and seismicity

SUMMARY We analysed the surface displacements estimated by Global Positioning System (GPS) mea- surements and Systeme Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) image correlation and the seismicity change induced by the Mw =7.6 1999 September 20 Chi-Chi earthquake. We first modelled the seismogenic zone for which we introduced a realistic geologically constrained ramp and flat geometry, and estimated by joint inversion of the GPS and SPOT data the co- seismic slip distribution, stressing the resolution of the model parameters. The fair adjustment indicates that the ramp and flat geometry is consistent with the geodetic measurement. The cal- culated coseismic slip increases both towards the surface and northwards with maximum slip of approximately 15 m, in good agreement with the observed surface rupture and previously ob- tained slip models based on seismic waveforms. This distribution may be represented to a good approximation by a linear increase of slip with a constant azimuth in the plate convergence direction. Special emphasis is given to the analysis of the model resolution, which sharply decreases with depth in spite of the exceptionally well distributed and high-quality inverted data. This resolution decrease, expected for any slip distribution based on surface observations only, led us then to examine the seismicity as independent data to test our model following the static stress triggering hypothesis. The model is accurately defined in terms of Coulomb stress change in the central part of the rupture where the fault geometry is well constrained by seismic profile. In contrast, at the southern and northern ends it is less appropriate, however the static stress triggering approach is not precise enough to determine whether fault geometry or slip distribution is less suitable. We thus conclude that the analysis of seismicity in terms of Coulomb stress change might not allow us to examine small-scale features of seismogenic zones. Finally, we discuss post-seismic relaxation from the temporal variation of seismicity rate. In contrast to the relaxation time of 0.23-0.90 yr inferred from post-seismic permanent GPS measurements, we found that the decay of aftershock sequence follows Omori's law with an 8-14 yr relaxation time. We suggest that this discrepancy results from the coexistence of several different processes, not all associated with the production of aftershocks.
ON THE FIXPOINTS, MULTIPLIERS AND VALUE DISTRIBUTION OF CERTAIN CLASSES OFMEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS

We consider the frequency of fixpoints of meromorphic functions for which the set of finite singular values of the inverse function is bounded, and we prove fairly sharp estimates for the multipliers of these fixpoints. We go on to consider the critical values of, and linear differential polynomials in, composite meromorphic functions. A.M.S. classification 30D 35.
Word N -Grams for Polish

The large collection of word n-gram statistics for Polish is described. Some details of the text analysis algorithm supporting processing data on computer clusters is presented as well. The corpora of total size of 267 030 267 words were used. The encountered problems due to the special Polish characters are described as well as the impact of rich morphology in Polish on this type of statistics. The most common n-grams are presented and commented. This is the first publication of such statistics of Polish.
A Descriptive Study on Perceived Levels of Stress, Coping and Their Correlation in Retirees of Kashmir Valley

Background: Retirement is a major and fundamental life change that affects numerous areas. The transition from a life of work to one of retirement has both practical and emotional implications. Apart from physical health issues, they are more likely to suffer from mental and psychological distress.Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 retirees of district Srinagar from June 2015 to June 2016, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Levels of Stress and coping among retirees were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and Brief COPE scale.Results: Nearly 40(40%) of cases had moderate level (10-12), 03(03%) had severe level (13-16), 04(04%) had extremely severe level (17+), and around 35(35%) had no stress (0-7). Majority of retired employees 85(85%)either used average level (57-84), or used good level (85-112) of coping with a minority 10(10%) using low level (28-56) of coping. There was a significant positive correlation between the stress and coping scores among retired employees.Conclusion: The perceived level of stress was moderate among retired employees and the retirees used average level of coping to deal with the retirement stress. There is a need for organized family and social support to improve the physical and psychological health of retirees.