Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fibrinolytic activity of human brain and cerebrospinal fluid.

Abstract Fibrinolytic activity (FA) of brain tissue, meninges and choroid plexus from 41 human cadavers without intracranial disorders was studied by Astrup's biochemical method and Todd's histochemical method. FA of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) before and after pneumoencephalography (PEG) was also studied by Astrup's method. FA of human brain was higher in the adults than in the newborn and infants, and increased with ageing in infants. No significant difference was found among age groups in the adults. There was no detectable difference of FA in various regions of the brain. Higher FA was recognized in meninges and choroid plexus. Liquefaction of the extravasated blood in the subarachnoid space was considered to be produced by the high fibrinolytic activity of the meninges. The lysed zones on fibrin plate by Todd's method were found at the vessels of the brain tissue and meninges, especially at small blood vessels. FA was found to be localized at the vascular endothelial cells. The lytic areas in the adult brain were relatively larger than those in the newborn brain at the same incubation time. CSF produced small lysed zones on human fibrin plate. CSF and plasma after PEG showed larger lysed zones than those before PEG, and plasminogen activator and/or proactivator in CSF and plasma seemed to be increased after PEG. Plasmin activity was not found in CSF before and after PEG.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DA CARCAÇA DE NOVILHAS DE
DIFERENTES GRUPOS GENÉTICOS TERMINADAS EM
CONFINAMENTO

Foram avaliadas as caracterA­sticas da carcaA§a de novilhas Â½ GuzerAi x Â¼ Simental x Â¼ Nelore (SIM) e Â½ GuzerAi x Â¼ Limousin x Â¼ Nelore (LIM) terminadas em confinamento. Para a espessura de gordura de cobertura no mAosculo Longissimus dorsi (EGCLD), o SIM apresentou valores superiores (P<0,05) ao LIM (5,75 vs 4,38 mm). Os rendimentos de mAosculo (67,47 vs 66,36%), carcaA§a quente (55,43 vs 53,16%) e carcaA§a fria (54,95 vs 52,43%) foram maiores (P<0,05) no SIM em relaA§A£o ao LIM. Maiores rendimentos do corte costilhar (P<0,05) foram verificados nas novilhas do LIM (13,49 vs 12,18%). A correlaA§A£o foi significativa (P<0,05) e positiva entre a Airea de Longissimus dorsi e rendimento de gordura (0,50), EGCLD e rendimentos de carcaA§a quente (0,71) e fria (0,71) e EGCBF e rendimentos de gordura (0,52), carcaA§a quente (0,56) e fria (0,54). Nestas condiA§Aµes experimentais, novilhas Â½ GuzerAi x Â¼ Simental x Â¼, Nelore apresentam carcaA§a de melhor qualidade, observada pelo rendimento de mAosculo, carcaA§a quente e fria, grau de acabamento da carcaA§a e proporA§Aµes adequadas dos cortes comerciais da carcaA§a. As medidas obtidas atravA©s de ultra-som apresentam correlaA§Aµes significativas com caracterA­sticas importantes da carcaA§a como os rendimentos de carcaA§a quente e fria.
Dynamics of Simian immunodeficiency virus‐specific cytotoxic T‐cell responses in tissues

Abstract: Although the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus and Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)‐specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) have been well documented in the blood, little is known regarding CTL development in other tissues. In this study, seven Mamu‐A*01+ macaques were inoculated with SIVmac. Two macaques were killed at 21 days of infection, and SIV gag p11C tetramer responses were measured in the blood, axillary and mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and thymus. Three with clinical signs of disease were killed and similarly examined. Four macaques were followed throughout disease progression, and intestinal biopsies and blood were examined at regular time points after inoculation. In animals followed prospectively, peak early tetramer responses were detected in the blood (3.9–19% of CD3+ CD8+ T cells) between day 14–21 post‐inoculation (p.i.). After day 49, tetramer responses in the blood diminished and remained relatively stable through day 200, ranging from 0.7–6.5% of CD3+ CD8+ T cells. In contrast, tetramer‐positive T cells increased in the intestine in later stages of infection (100–200 days p.i.) in all four infected animals (peak values from 5.3 to 28.8%). Percentages of tetramer‐positive cells were consistently higher in the intestine than in the blood in all four animals after day 100. In animals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, percentages of CTL in tissues were variable, but were consistently higher in the intestine and spleen compared with blood. These data suggest that while high CTL responses develop at a similar rate, and magnitude in both peripheral and mucosal lymphoid tissues in primary SIV infection, mucosal CTL responses may predominate later in the course of the disease.
Risks of in-vitro production of cattle and swine embryos: aberrations in chromosome numbers, ribosomal RNA gene activation and perinatal physiology.

In cattle, in-vitro production (IVP) of embryos has become a standardized technique; however, increased frequencies of calving problems and larger calves have been reported. In swine, IVP has resulted in only a limited number of piglets. In this paper we present information on cattle and swine embryos produced in vitro by oocyte maturation, fertilization and further embryo culture to the blastocyst stage in vitro. Control in-vivo developed embryos were collected after superovulation. The cattle embryos were processed for fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with two chromosome-specific probes to detect numerical chromosome aberrations. The swine embryos were processed for transmission electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry with an antibody against RNA polymerase I [essential for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene transcription] in order to highlight the post-fertilization development of the nucleolus as a marker for rRNA gene activation. The FISH analyses of the cattle embryos revealed that 72% of IVP blastocysts were mixoploid, i.e. contained both diploid and polyploid cells, versus 25% in vivo. Chromosome abnormalities were observed from the 2-cell stage onwards. The immunocytochemical analyses of the swine embryos revealed that during in-vivo development, RNA polymerase I became localized to multiple foci in the developing nucleoli late during the 4-cell stage. This focal localization of RNA polymerase I was not observed in IVP embryos. In conclusion, IVP embryos may display aberrations in chromosome numbers and rRNA gene activation. The significance of these deviations for fetal and perinatal viability, however, remains unknown. The survival of most calves derived from IVP indicates that a considerable number of these embryos are able to compensate for the adverse effects of the in-vitro procedures.
Fast Guided Filter

The guided filter is a technique for edge-aware image filtering. Because of its nice visual quality, fast speed, and ease of implementation, the guided filter has witnessed various applications in real products, such as image editing apps in phones and stereo reconstruction, and has been included in official MATLAB and OpenCV. In this note, we remind that the guided filter can be simply sped up from O(N) time to O(N/s^2) time for a subsampling ratio s. In a variety of applications, this leads to a speedup of >10x with almost no visible degradation. We hope this acceleration will improve performance of current applications and further popularize this filter. Code is released.
La mercantilización del agua en Argentina

La privatizacion de empresas publicas fue un rasgo clave en la politica economica en Argentina y gran parte de America Latina durante los anos ochenta y noventa. El caso de la privatizacion del servicio de agua potable para los hogares destaca por los multiples y graves incumplimientos por parte de las empresas privadas, que obligaron a la rescision de contratos y a su retorno a la gestion publica. En este estudio se anlaiza este proceso de privatizacion y reestatizacion en Argentina
Nuclear trafficking of the anti‐apoptotic Coxiella burnetii effector protein AnkG requires binding to p32 and Importin‐α1

The obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii causes the zoonotic disease Q‐fever. Coxiella pathogenesis depends on a functional type IV secretion system (T4SS). The T4SS effector AnkG inhibits pathogen‐induced host cell apoptosis, which is believed to be important for the establishment of a persistent infection. However, the mode of action of AnkG is not fully understood. We have previously demonstrated that binding of AnkG to p32 is crucial for migration of AnkG into the nucleus and that nuclear localization of AnkG is essential for its anti‐apoptotic activity.
Robustness of predictions of extremely thermally stable proteins in ancient organisms

A number of studies have addressed the environmental temperatures experienced by ancient life. Computational studies using a nonhomogeneous evolution model have estimated ancestral G + C contents of ribosomal RNAs and the amino acid compositions of ancestral proteins, generating hypotheses regarding the mesophilic last universal common ancestor. In contrast, our previous study computationally reconstructed ancestral amino acid sequences of nucleoside diphosphate kinases using a homogeneous model and then empirically resurrected the ancestral proteins. The thermal stabilities of these ancestral proteins were equivalent to or greater than those of extant homologous thermophilic proteins, supporting the thermophilic universal ancestor theory. In this study, we reinferred ancestral sequences using a dataset from which hyperthermophilic sequences were excluded. We also reinferred ancestral sequences using a nonhomogeneous evolution model. The newly reconstructed ancestral proteins are still thermally stable, further supporting the hypothesis that the ancient organisms contained thermally stable proteins and therefore that they were thermophilic.
Trends in effusive style at the Tharsis Montes, Mars, and implications for the development of the Tharsis province

[1] We mapped lava flows on the Tharsis Montes (Arsia Mons, Pavonis Mons, and Ascraeus Mons) using High Resolution Stereo Camera images that centrally transect each shield from north to south, covering ∼20% of each shield's surface. These data were co-registered to Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter, Thermal Emission Imaging System, and Mars Orbiter Camera data, enabling lava flow structures and vents to be consistently differentiated across each volcano. Lava flow and vent abundances and relationships are used to provide new insight into the late Amazonian eruptive history of the Tharsis Montes. The volcanoes are divided into their main flanks, rift aprons, and small-vent fields. Where present on the main flanks, channel-fed flows always embay tube-fed flows, indicating a change from long-lived, stable tube-forming eruption conditions to shorter-lived, less stable channel-forming eruption conditions. Superposition relationships suggest that main flank and rift apron development were likely separated by an eruptive hiatus. The rift aprons, as compared to the main flanks, show higher abundances of tube- and channel-fed flows, and embayment of tube-fed flows by channel-fed flows is less consistent. Several trends from the Arsia Mons, to Ascraeus Mons, southwest rift aprons and small-vent fields were identified, including increased tube abundance, median slope, and number of satellitic eruptive vents and a decrease in channel- to tube-fed flow ratios, apron volumes, and maximum apron elevations. These trends suggest that the most recent volcanic activity at the Tharsis Montes might have originated from a single, shared magma source, possibly marking a change in magma production style from main flank construction.
A 0.4V 280-nW frequency reference-less nearly all-digital hybrid domain temperature sensor

This paper presents a subthreshold frequency reference-less temperature sensor. Compared with the previous designs that rely on external frequency references or excessive analog blocks, this work proposes a novel subthreshold ratioed-current/delay sensor core and hybrid-domain all-digital processing technique, which eliminates the dependence on frequency reference and is scalable to technology feature size. Our sensor has been fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process and occupies a total area of 0.022mm2. Measurement results from 8 test chips have shown that the maximum inaccuracy is -1.6oC/+1oC across 0oC to 100oC with power consumption of 280-nW at 0.4V.
Therapies in Aicardi–Goutières syndrome

Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a genetically determined disorder, affecting most particularly the brain and the skin, characterized by the inappropriate induction of a type I interferon‐mediated immune response. In most, but not all, cases the condition is severe, with a high associated morbidity and mortality. A number of important recent advances have helped to elucidate the biology of the AGS‐related proteins, thus providing considerable insight into disease pathology. In this study, we outline the clinical phenotype of AGS, paying particular attention to factors relevant to therapeutic intervention. We then discuss the pathogenesis of AGS from a molecular and cell biology perspective. Finally, we suggest possible treatment strategies in light of these emerging insights.
Mathematical modeling of the drying of orange bagasse associating the convective method and infrared radiation

Mathematical modeling enables dimensioning of dryers, optimization of drying conditions and the evaluation of process performance. The aim of this research was to describe the behavior of orange bagasse drying using Page's and Fick's second law models, and to assess activation energy (using Arrhenius equation), moisture content, water activity and bulk density of product at the end of the process. The drying experimental assays were performed in 2011 with convective air temperature between 36 and 64 oC and infrared radiation application time in the range from 23 to 277 s in accordance with the experimental central composite rotatable design. Analysis of variance and F-test were applied to results. At the end of the drying process, moisture content was about 0.09 to 0.87 db and water activity was between 0.25 and 0.87. Bulk density did not vary under studied conditions. Empirical Page's model demonstrated better representation of experimental data than the Fick's model for spheres. Activation energy values were about 18.491; 14.975 and 11.421 kJ mol-1 for infrared application times of 60; 150 e 244 s, respectively.
The Effect of Routine Rounding by Nursing Staff on Patient Satisfaction on a Cardiac Telemetry Unit

Patients' perception of their care is affected by the attention they receive while hospitalized. It has become a popular metric for improving the quality of care delivered. Rounding is believed to be the key to patients' perception of the care they receive. In this study, nursing administration wanted to increase patient's perception of how well their needs were being met. Regular scheduled rounding provided an opportunity for nursing to interact with patients on a regular schedule. All nursing care categories measured exceeded the goal of 90% in the first month after implementation, with the largest increase of averaged percentages being "attention to special or personal needs.
IS DEMAND FOR MONEY STABLE IN PAKISTAN

The effectiveness of monetary policy for overcoming economic fluctuations is the main objective of the policy makers and it calls for clear knowledge regarding what factors affect the demand for money. The present study is an attempt to analyze the long-run relationship between demand for money, real income, inflation rate and exchange rate using ARDL approach. The results of the study reveal that M2 monetary aggregate is cointegrated with its determinants and its long-run relationship with its determinants appears to be stable. The study suggests that monetary authorities and policy makers should focus only on long-run stabilization policy in Pakistan.
Computação n ° 51 / 08 Framework for Content Adaptation in Ubiquitous Computing Centered on Agents ’ Intentionality and Collaborative MAS

The proliferation of wireless technologies along with the “anywhere/anytime” paradigm presents new scenarios for service provisioning. This scenarios demand novel technological support capable of dynamically allowing adaptability of services according to user location and preferences and devices capabilities. Mobile devices require an appropriate infrastructure that should be able to dynamically consult different profiles to load, update and discard information. This information is the main ally to provide the best service and guarantee user satisfaction. In this context, there are few satisfactory solutions for content adaptation in ubiquitous applications based on the BDI Model. In order to fill this technological gap, we propose a framework for content adaptation centered on agents’ intentionality and mobility, goal-orientation and Multi-Agent Systems (MAS).
The double disector: unbiased stereological estimation of the number of particles inside other particles

A double‐disector method for obtaining estimates of the number of particles inside other particles, illustrated by an estimation of the average cell number in a glomerulus, has been developed. The method is suitable for paraffin‐embedded tissue because it does not require knowledge about the section thickness. Most importantly, the estimate is absolutely unaffected by tissue shrinkage. The average number of cells in a human glomerulus is 2850 whereas in rats it is 580.
Active Appearance Models for Affect Recognition using Facial Expressions

This paper will explore the effectiveness of active appearance models (AAM) at extracting emotional information as well as usefulness of AAMs in the role of emotion classification. This paper examines what has been accomplished recently in this field by reviewing the various types of classification schemes and databases used. Three types of classification techniques are presented: Euclidean Distance Measure, Gaussian Mixture Models, and the Support Vector Machine. Each will be gauged by its effectiveness in the classification of emotional expressions. The technique presented involves the creation of an Active Appearance Models (AAM) trained on face images taken from a publicly available database. This model is a representation of the shape and texture variation of the image, which is key to expression recognition. In each experiment model parameters from the AAM are used as input into a classification scheme, which is used for expression identification. The results of this study will demonstrate the effectiveness of AAMs in capturing the important facial structure for expression identification and also help suggest a framework for future development.
Retarded tumor growth and greater longevity in mice after fetal irradiation by 2450‐MHz microwaves

In the first of two studies, 48 mice of the conventional CFW strain were sham‐radiated or radiated in utero for 20 minutes daily by 2,450‐MHz microwaves at a dose rate, respectively, of 0 or 35 mW/g during days 11–14 of gestation. All 48 mice were implanted with a homogenate of a lymphoreticular cell sarcoma on the 16th day postpartum and then, commencing on the 19th day, they underwent a series of 36 daily exposures to the sham‐ or to the microwave‐radiation. Fetal exposure to radiation, which elevated dams colonic temperatures by an average of 2.24°C, was associated with a lower incidence of tumors (13% vs 46% for fetally sham‐radiated mice) as verified histologically at necropsy on the 93rd day postpartum. In the second study, 84 CFW mice received the four radiation treatments in utero; 60 mice were sham‐radiated in utero and served as controls. Postnatal radiation was not administered. All 144 mice were implanted with the homogenate on the 16th day postpartum and then were observed for nearly 36 months for development of palpable tumors and for longevity. Tumors initially developed at a lower rate in fetally radiated mice and 2.5 months after implantation the respective percentages of “takes” in sham‐ and microwave‐irradiated mice were comparable to those observed at termination of the first study. Subsequently the rate of tumor induction in radiated mice accelerated, and after the fourth month the final percentage of radiated mice with tumors (46%) slightly exceeded that of controls (40%). Both tumor‐bearing and tumor‐free animals that had been radiated as fetuses lived longer on the average than respective controls. Long‐term augmentation of immunocompetency by in utero hyperthermia is believed to be responsible for the delayed induction of tumors and for enhancement of survival.
Observing the Permanent-Magnet Temperature of Synchronous Motors Based on Electrical Fundamental Wave Model Quantities

Estimating the magnet temperature of permanent-magnet synchronous motors on a model basis is the key for both the highest device utilization and preventing irreversible demagnetization. Using an exact flux linkage observer in the fundamental wave domain is an elegant way to indirectly retrieve the magnet temperature without requiring any additional sensors or signal injection. This contribution addresses several important issues for the real-world applicability of a permanent magnet temperature observer: thermal expansion affecting the radial air gap thickness, operation at low speeds or even standstill, and estimating the fundamental content of the motor's terminal voltage within one switching cycle. The proposed observer is comprehensively validated in the entire electrical and thermal operation range achieving a satisfying worst case error less than 10 K.
Static and dynamic angles of repose in loose granular materials under reduced gravity

Granular materials avalanche when a static angle of repose is exceeded and freeze at a dynamic angle of repose. Such avalanches occur subaerially on steep hillslopes and wind dunes and subaqueously at the lee side of deltas. Until now it has been assumed that the angles of repose are independent of gravitational acceleration. The objective of this work is to experimentally determine whether the angles of repose depend on gravity. In 33 parabolic flights in a well-controlled research aircraft we recorded avalanching granular materials in rotating drums at effective gravitational accelerations of 0.1, 0.38 and 1.0 times the terrestrial value. The granular materials varied in particle size and rounding and had air or water as interstitial fluid. Materials with angular grains had time-averaged angles of about 40° and with rounded grains about 25° for all effective gravitational accelerations, except the finest glass beads in air, which was explained by static electricity. For all materials, the static angle of repose increases about 5° with reduced gravity, whereas the dynamic angle decreases with about 10°. Consequently, the avalanche size increases with reduced gravity. The experimental results suggest that relatively low slopes of granular material on Mars may have formed by dry flows without a lubricating fluid. On asteroids even lower slopes are expected. The dependence on gravity of angle of repose may require reanalysis of models for many phenomena involving sediment, also at much lower slope angles.