Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Male nursing students’ perception of dignity in neonatal intensive care units

Introduction: Maintaining dignity is one of the most important human rights. However, maintaining and promoting the dignity of nursing students as an important caregiver group has scarcely been considered. Dignity can be viewed as an abstract concept particularly in relation to the perspective of male nursing student perspective. Therefore, more investigation is required to explore the male students’ understanding of the concept of dignity. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to define and explain the concept of dignity among male nursing students in the neonatal intensive care unit. Research design: This is a qualitative content analysis study. The data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews. The data were analyzed by conventional content analysis method. Participants and research context: Twenty male nursing students in public health centers in Iran were selected by targeted sampling to achieve data saturation between February 2017 and November 2017. Findings: The findings of this study were presented in three main themes, including “extensive support,” “belief in ability,” and “participation in decision making,” and 7 sub-categories of data were extracted. Ethical considerations: The study’s protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and the ethical principles were followed throughout the study. Discussion and conclusion: According to the findings of the study, male nursing students required extensive support, and their academic and practical skills required to be respected; in addition, they should be involved in decision making, because in such an environment, the dignity of these students will be maintained and promoted. Therefore, it is suggested that a cultural, professional, and institutional background in which all components of the male nursing student’s dignity are protected and emphasized should be provided.
Smooth muscle cell-specific TMEM16A deletion does not alter Ca2+ signaling, uterine contraction, gestation length, or litter size in mice†

Abstract Ion channels in myometrial cells play critical roles in spontaneous and agonist-induced uterine contraction during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy maintenance, and parturition; thus, identifying the genes of ion channels in these cells and determining their roles are essential to understanding the biology of reproduction. Previous studies with in vitro functional and pharmacological approaches have produced controversial results regarding the presence and role of TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl– channels in myometrial cells. To unambiguously determine the function of this channel in these cells, we employed a genetic approach by using smooth muscle cell-specific TMEM16A deletion (i.e. TMEM16ASMKO) mice. We found that myometrial cells from TMEM16ASMKO mice generated the same pattern and magnitude in Ca2+ signals upon stimulation with KCl, oxytocin, and PGF2α compared to the isogenic control myometrial cells. At the uterine tissue level, TMEM16A deletion also did not cause detectable changes in either spontaneous or agonist (i.e. KCl, oxytocin, and PGF2α)-induced contractions. Moreover, in vivo the TMEM16ASMKO mice gave birth at full term with the same litter size as genetically identical control mice. Finally, TMEM16A immunostaining in both control and TMEM16ASMKO mice revealed that this protein was highly expressed in the endometrial stroma, but did not co-localize with a smooth muscle specific marker MYH11. Collectively, these results unequivocally demonstrate that TMEM16A does not serve as a pacemaking channel for spontaneous uterine contraction, neither does it function as a depolarizing channel for agonist-evoked uterine contraction. Yet these two functions could underlie the normal gestation length and litter size in the TMEM16ASMKO mice. Summary Sentence The TMEM16A is absent in myometrial cells and exerts no impact on Ca2+ signaling, contractile responses and pregnancy in mice.
Negative Differential Conductance Assisted by Optical Fields in a Single Quantum Dot with Ferromagnetic Electrodes

In a single quantum dot (QD) system connected with ferromagnetic electrodes, the electron transport properties, assisted by the thermal and Fock state optical fields, are theoretically studied by the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green’s function approach. The results show that the evolution properties of the density of state and tunneling current assisted by the Fock state optical field, are quite different from those of the thermal state. The photon sideband shift decreases monotonously with the increase in the electron–photon coupling strength for the case of the thermal state, while the shift is oscillatory for the case of the Fock state. Negative differential conductance (NDC) appears obviously in a QD system contacted with parallel (P) and antiparallel (AP) magnetization alignment of the ferromagnetic electrode leads, assisted by the Fock state optical field in a wide range of electron–photon interaction parameters. Evident NDC usually only arises in an AP configuration QD system assisted by the thermal state optical field. The results have the potential to introduce a new way to actively manipulate and control the single-electron tunneling transport on a QD system by the quantum states of the optical field.
Association of Exposure to Artificial Light at Night While Sleeping With Risk of Obesity in Women.

Importance Short sleep has been associated with obesity, but to date the association between exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) while sleeping and obesity is unknown. Objective To determine whether ALAN exposure while sleeping is associated with the prevalence and risk of obesity. Design, Setting, and Participants This baseline and prospective analysis included women aged 35 to 74 years enrolled in the Sister Study in all 50 US states and Puerto Rico from July 2003 through March 2009. Follow-up was completed on August 14, 2015. A total of 43 722 women with no history of cancer or cardiovascular disease who were not shift workers, daytime sleepers, or pregnant at baseline were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed from September 1, 2017, through December 31, 2018. Exposures Artificial light at night while sleeping reported at enrollment, categorized as no light, small nightlight in the room, light outside the room, and light or television in the room. Main Outcomes and Measures Prevalent obesity at baseline was based on measured general obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥30.0) and central obesity (waist circumference [WC] ≥88 cm, waist-to-hip ratio [WHR] ≥0.85, or waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]≥0.5). To evaluate incident overweight and obesity, self-reported BMI at enrollment was compared with self-reported BMI at follow-up (mean [SD] follow-up, 5.7 [1.0] years). Generalized log-linear models with robust error variance were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs for prevalent and incident obesity. Results Among the population of 43 722 women (mean [SD] age, 55.4 [8.9] years), having any ALAN exposure while sleeping was positively associated with a higher prevalence of obesity at baseline, as measured using BMI (PR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.03), WC (PR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.09-1.16), WHR (PR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00-1.08), and WHtR (PR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.09), after adjusting for confounding factors, with P < . 001 for trend for each measure. Having any ALAN exposure while sleeping was also associated with incident obesity (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06-1.34). Compared with no ALAN, sleeping with a television or a light on in the room was associated with gaining 5 kg or more (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.08-1.27; P < .001 for trend), a BMI increase of 10% or more (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02-1.26; P = .04 for trend), incident overweight (RR, 1.22; 95% CI,1.06-1.40; P = .03 for trend), and incident obesity (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.13-1.57; P < .001 for trend). Results were supported by sensitivity analyses and additional multivariable analyses including potential mediators such as sleep duration and quality, diet, and physical activity. Conclusions and Relevance These results suggest that exposure to ALAN while sleeping may be a risk factor for weight gain and development of overweight or obesity. Further prospective and interventional studies could help elucidate this association and clarify whether lowering exposure to ALAN while sleeping can promote obesity prevention.
Coma Recovery Scale-Revised With and Without the Emotional Stimulation of Caregivers

ABSTRACT: The Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) is the gold standard of responsiveness assessment in patients with disorder of consciousness. The purpose of this study is to search for the efficacy of the caregivers’ involvement in the evaluation of responsiveness in these patients. Responsiveness assessment was performed in 15 patients with CRS-R. The CRS-R was administered with and without the emotional stimulation of the primary caregiver at different times. Our preliminary findings seem to suggest that, including also the caregivers during CRS-R assessment, may obtain better responsiveness scoring than that obtained by professionals and might reduce the misdiagnosis rate. RÉSUMÉ: Résultats à l’échelle d’évaluation d’éveil lors d’un coma avec ou sans la stimulation affective de personnes soignantes. L’échelle d’évaluation d’éveil lors d’un coma (Coma Recovery Scale-Revised) demeure la norme de référence en matière d’évaluation de la réactivité de patients aux prises avec des troubles de la conscience. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’impact de l’implication de personnes soignantes dans l’évaluation de la réactivité de ces patients. Une telle analyse a été effectuée chez quinze patients soumis à l’échelle d’évaluation d’éveil lors d’un coma, et ce, avec ou sans la stimulation affective d’une personne soignante et à différents moments. À cet égard, nos constatations préliminaires semblent indiquer que les scores de réactivité à cette échelle pourraient, en présence de personnes soignantes, dépasser ceux obtenus en compagnie de professionnels et ainsi réduire les taux de diagnostics erronés.
Keep Your Head Up—Correlation between Visual Exploration Frequency, Passing Percentage and Turnover Rate in Elite Football Midfielders

Statistical analysis of real in-game situations plays an increasing role in talent identification and player recruitment across team sports. Recently, visual exploration frequency (VEF) in football has been discussed as being one of the important performance-determining parameters. However, until now, VEF has been studied almost exclusively in laboratory settings. Moreover, the VEF of individuals has not been correlated with performance parameters in a statistically significant number of top-level players. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between VEF and individual performance parameters in elite football midfielders. Thirty-five midfielders participating in the Euro 2016 championship were analyzed using game video. Their VEF was categorized into scans, transition scans, and total scans. Linear regression analysis was used to correlate the three different VEF parameters with the passing percentage and the turnover rate for individual players. The linear regression showed significant positive correlations between scan rate (p = 0.033, R2 = 3.0%) and total scan rate (p = 0.015, R2 = 4.0%) and passing percentage but not between transition scan rate and passing percentage (p = 0.074). There was a significant negative correlation between transition scan rate and turnover rate (p = 0.023, R2 = 3.5%) but not between total scan rate (p = 0.857) or scan rate (p = 0.817) and turnover rate. In conclusion, the present study shows that players with a higher VEF may complete more passes and cause fewer turnovers. VEF explains up to 4% of variance in pass completion and turnover rate and thus should be considered as one of the factors that can help to evaluate players and identify talents as well as to tailor training interventions to the needs of midfielders up to the highest level of professional football.
A PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF GSD-1a IN MOUSE LIVERS: EVIDENCE FOR METABOLIC REPROGRAMMING, INFLAMMATION AND MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION.

Glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD-1a) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in the catalytic subunit of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase-alpha (G6Pase-α). The majority of patients develop long-term complications including renal failure and hepatocellular adenoma/carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the proteomic changes in the liver of LS-G6pc-/- mice, a murine model of GSD-1a, in comparison with wild type mice to identify potential biomarkers of the pathophysiology of the affected liver. We used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyze liver lysates from a total of 20 LS-G6pc-/- and 18 wild type (WT) mice. We compared the proteomic expression profile of LS-G6pc-/- and WT mice. We identified 4138 significantly expressed proteins 1243 of which were differentially represented. Network and pathway analyses indicate that LS-G6pc-/- livers display an age-dependent modulation of the expression of proteins involved in specific biological processes associated with increased progression of liver disease. Moreover, we found upregulation of proteins involved in the process of tissue inflammation and macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype in LS-G6pc-/- mice with adenomas. Our results identify a metabolic reprogramming of glucose-6-P and a pathologic environment in the liver compatible with tumor development and progression.
Bullying Involvement in Adolescence: Implications for Sleep, Mental Health, and Academic Outcomes

Adolescents’ involvement in bullying is associated with both sleep and mental health problems, but the nature of this association remains unclear; further, its association with academic outcomes has received little attention. Thus, the aims of the current study were to (a) determine whether involvement in bullying as a victim, bully, or bully-victim was associated with greater sleep and mental health problems and (b) explore the potential mediating effect of sleep and mental health problems on the association between bullying and academic outcomes. A large 2012 population-based study in Hordaland County, Norway, surveyed 10,220 adolescents (16-19 years; 54% girls) about bullying involvement using the revised version of the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, detailed sleep assessment, and mental health questionnaires. Academic outcomes were obtained from official administrative registries. 1.7% of the adolescents (n = 156) reported being victims of bullying, 1.0% (n = 92) reported being a bully, and 0.5% (n = 50) reported being a bully-victim. All categories of bullying involvement had higher rates of mental health problems compared with adolescents not involved in bullying. Victims reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression, whereas bullies reported higher rates of conduct problems. Adolescents in all bullying categories also reported significantly shorter sleep duration and higher prevalence of insomnia as well as lower grade point average (GPA) compared with adolescents not involved; however, school absence was not associated with bullying involvement. Bullying involvement and GPA showed complete mediation for bullies and bully-victims and partial mediation for victims through sleep duration, conduct problems, and symptoms of depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Bullying is strongly associated with mental health and sleep problems, in addition to lower academic performance. Findings support the importance of addressing bullying involvement during this important developmental period.
Title: Once-weekly Oral Dosing of MK-8591 Protects Male Rhesus Macaques from Intrarectal SHIV109CP3 Challenge.

BACKGROUND MK-8591 (4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine, EFdA) is a novel reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor. METHODS We assessed MK-8591 as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the rhesus macaque (RM)-simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) intrarectal challenge model. In Study 1, 8 RMs received 3.9 mg/kg of MK-8591 orally on day 0 and weekly for 14 weeks. Eight controls were treated with vehicle. All RMs were challenged with SHIV109CP3 on day 6 and weekly for up to 12 challenges or until infection was confirmed. The dose of MK-8591 was reduced to 1.3 and 0.43 mg/kg/week in Study 2 and further to 0.1 and 0.025 mg/kg/week in Study 3. In Studies 2 and 3 each dose was given up to 6 times QW and animals challenged 4 times once a week with SHIV109CP3. RESULTS Control macaques were infected after a median of one challenge (range 1-4). All treated animals in Studies 1 and 2 were protected, consistent with a 41.5-fold lower risk of infection (P<0.0001, log-rank test). In Study 3, at the 0.1 mg/kg dosing level, two RMs became infected consistent with a 7.2-fold lower risk of infection (P=0.0003, log-rank test). The 0.025 mg/kg dose offered no protection. CONCLUSIONS These data support MK-8591's potential as a PrEP agent.
Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is expressed in α‐cells from human and murine pancreas

The pancreatic islets of Langerhans, mainly formed by glucagon‐producing α‐cells and insulin‐producing β‐cells, are critical for glucose homeostasis. Insulin and glucagon oppositely modulate blood glucose levels in health, but a combined decline in insulin secretion together with increased glucagon secretion contribute to hyperglycemia in diabetes. Despite this bi‐hormonal dysregulation, most studies have focused on insulin secretion and much less is known about glucagon secretion. Therefore, a deeper understanding of α‐cell metabolism and glucagon secretion is of great interest. Here, we show that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1), an essential cataplerotic enzyme involved in metabolism and long considered to be absent from the pancreatic islet, is expressed in pancreatic α‐cells of both murine and human. Furthermore, PCK1 transcription is induced by fasting and diabetes in rat pancreas, which indicates that the PCK1 activity is required for α‐cell adaptation to different metabolic states. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence implicating PCK1 expression in α‐cell metabolism.
Does internet-accessed STI (e-STI) testing increase testing uptake for chlamydia and other STIs among a young population who have never tested? Secondary analyses of data from a randomised controlled trial

Objectives To assess the effectiveness of an internet-accessed STI (e-STI) testing and results service on testing uptake among young adults (16–30 years) who have never tested for STIs in London, England. Methods We conducted secondary analyses on data from a randomised controlled trial. In the trial, participants were randomly allocated to receive a text message with the web link of an e-STI testing and results service (intervention group) or a text message with the link of a website listing the locations, contact details and websites of seven local sexual health clinics (control group). We analysed a subsample of 528 trial participants who reported never testing for STIs at baseline. Outcomes were self-reported STI testing at 6 weeks, verified by patient record checks, and time from randomisation to completion of an STI test. Results Uptake of STI testing among ‘never testers’ almost doubled. At 6 weeks, 45.3% of the intervention completed at least one test (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and HIV), compared with 24.1% of the control (relative risk [RR] 1.88, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.40, p<0.001). For chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing combined, uptake was 44.3% in the intervention versus 24.1% in controls (RR 1.84, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.36, p<0.001). The intervention reduced time to any STI test (restricted mean survival time: 29.0 days vs 36.3 days, p<0.001) at a time horizon of 42 days. Conclusions e-STI testing increased uptake of STI testing and reduced time to test among a young population of ‘never testers’ recruited in community settings. Although encouraging, questions remain on how best to manage the additional demand generated by e-STI testing in a challenging funding environment. Larger studies are required to assess the effects later in the cascade of care, including STI diagnoses and cases treated.
The detection rate of human papillomavirus in well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma: is there new evidence for a viral pathogenesis of keratoacanthoma?

The "keratinocyte skin cancer" term stands as a sort of umbrella covering different stages within the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The invasive forms of are further classified on the basis of histopathologic differentiation grade as well differentiated, moderate and poorly differentiated cSCC. Whether or not keratoacanthoma (KA) represents a form of well differentiated tumor remains currently a matter of debate. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Female sex hormones and the recovery from exercise: Menstrual cycle phase affects responses

Summary Study aim: Evidence supports female sex hormones have an influencing effect on amultitude of physiological and psychological systems related to exercise. Little is known, however, whether is effect persist into the recovery from exercise. Our objective was to examine aspects of muscle damage/inflammation process during recovery in healthy, exercise-trained women following endurance activity at the mid-follicular (MF; low sex hormone level) and mid-luteal (ML; elevated sex hormone levels) phases of their menstrual cycle. Material and methods: The MF and ML exercise sessions consisted of running for 90 minutes at 70% VO2max on atreadmill in a controlled laboratory environment. Menstrual cycle phase was hormonally confirmed, diet and physical activity was control throughout the study. Outcome measures were: blood creatine kinase (CK) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) assessed at immediate-post exercise (IP), 24-hour and 72-hour into recovery. Statistics involved ANOVA procedures. Results: At 24-hours and 72-hour into recovery CK activity was greater in MF than ML (p < 0.05) while for IL-6 at IP, 24-hour and 72-hour responses were significantly greater at MF than at ML (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Amore robust recovery CK and IL-6 response occur in the MF of the menstrual cycle when female sex hormones are reduced. This finding suggests female sex hormone changes due to menstrual cycle phase affect the physiologic responses during the extended recovery period from intensive exercise in eumenorrheic women.
The Stability and Change of Loneliness Across the Life Span: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

Individuals experience loneliness when they perceive a deficiency in the quality or quantity of their social relationships. In the present meta-analysis, we compiled data from 75 longitudinal studies conducted in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America (N = 83, 679) to examine the rank-order and mean-level development of loneliness across the life span. Data were analyzed using two- and three-level meta-analyses and generalized additive mixed models. The results indicate that the rank order of loneliness is as stable as the rank order of personality traits and follows an inverted U-shaped trajectory across the life span. Regarding mean-level development, loneliness was found to decrease throughout childhood and to remain essentially stable from adolescence to oldest old age. Thus, in contrast to other personality characteristics, changes in loneliness are not generally related to age. Implications for theory are discussed.