Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CANNABIS AND ALCOHOL USE AMONG DRIVERS AND PEDESTRIANS FATALLY INJURED IN TRAFFIC CRASHES

INTRODUCTION Based on a limited number of epidemiologic studies, the drug other than alcohol most often implicated in impaired driving is cannabis (1-2). For example, a comprehensive study in Ontario, Canada, included tests for over 90 psychoactive drugs in blood and urine from driver and pedestrian fatalities (3-4). As expected, alcohol was most frequently detected (55%). Evidence of cannabis use was found in 1 2% of the cases; "recent" cannabis use, defined as a measurable concentration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in blood, was indicated in 3% of the cases. No other drug was detected as frequently as alcohol or cannabis. This paper highlights findings from a subsequent study that monitored the use of cannabis and alcohol among drivers and pedestrians fatally injured in traffic crashes in Ontario from March 1982 through July 1984 (5). The study served two general purposes. Firstly, the results would provide an indica­ tion of consequences that trends and changes related to cannabis use might have for health and safety (6). Secondly, the study offered an opportunity to advance knowledge about the relationship between cannabis use and traffic crashes (7).
PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS HASIL PANEN PADI DI KECAMATAN MARITENGNGAE KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG

This study aims to find out how the influence of agricultural technology on the productivity of rice harvest in Kecamatan Maritengngae Sidenreng Rappang Regency, and to determine the factors that influence it. Research location in Kecamatan Maritengngae Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This research was conducted for 2 (two) months ie October to November 2016, the research design used is a quantitative approach. Population in this study is all farmers in District Maritengngae Sidenreng Rappang Regency as many as 7015 people. The sample in this study is using yount table that takes 3% of the population there are as many as 210 people. Data collection techniques used are observations, questionnaires, interviews, and library research (documentation). Data obtained then processed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques with the help likert scale. that the influence of agricultural technology on the productivity of rice crops in Kecamatan Maritengngae Sidenreng Rappang Regency amounted to 70% with the category of "Good". Factors influencing agricultural technology on rice yield productivity in Kecamatan Maritengngae Sidenreng Rappang District, Internal Factors (Land Condition 77%, Ability 73%, 75% Capital and 70% Technology) with Good and External Factors Transportation 77%, 71% Information and 80% Marketing) with Good category.
Development and Psychometric Properties of Managerial Competence Scale for First-Line Nurse Managers in Indonesia

This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the managerial competence scale for first-line nurse managers (FLNMs) in Indonesia. The scale was based on items derived from an integrative review and interviews with experts. A total of 300 FLNMs from 16 public hospitals were randomly selected for this test of psychometric properties. A principal component analysis generated seven dimensions with 43 items as a final scale, with overall Cronbach's α of . 95 while the dimensions' Cronbach's α ranged from . 71 to . 90. The findings demonstrate that the scale is valid and reliable as a vehicle for assessment of managerial competence of FLNMs.
Psychosocial and socioeconomic factors in the development of cardiovascular disease: a study of causality, mediation, international variation, and prediction in predominantly Eastern European settings

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial and socioeconomic factors have previously been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). I ask: 1) Are these associations causal? 2) Do their pathways overlap with one another? 3) Can they account for international differences in CVD? 4) Can they improve clinical risk prediction models? METHODS: Causality between education and coronary artery disease was investigated with Mendelian randomization analyses. For mediation and international differences, data on participants aged 45–69 years from the population-based HAPIEE cohort study were analysed using Cox regressions. A novel risk prediction model was derived from this data, and external validation was performed using data from the Estonian BioBank study. RESULTS: 1) Genetic predisposition towards longer education was associated with a reduction in coronary artery disease (Odds Ratio=0.67 [95% CI= 0.59 to 0.77], per extra 3.6 extra years of education), as well as large reductions in smoking. 2) In observational analyses, cardiovascular mortality was independently associated with unemployment, low material amenities, depression, being single, infrequent contacts with friends and relatives. These associations were of similar magnitude when comparing minimallyadjusted and fully-adjusted models. 3) International differences in CVD mortality between Russian & Central European cohorts remained unexplained after adjustment for conventional, psychosocial and socioeconomic risk factors. 4) Adding predominantly socioeconomic and psychosocial factors to risk prediction models improved their discrimination, clinical effectiveness, binary NRI and Net Benefit, in derivation and validation data. CONCLUSIONS: Education is probably a causal risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease. At least 6 socioeconomic/psychosocial factors appear to associate with CVD along pathways that may be relatively independent of one another and the conventional CVD risk factors. Uncovering their mechanisms may suggest novel avenues for intervention. While the causes of international differences in cardiovascular mortality remain unclear, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors substantially improved the performance of cardiovascular risk prediction.
The Risk–Return–Sentiment Nexus: Dealing with Low Power and Big Bias

When regressing return on variance, does a low coefficient necessarily indicate low risk-aversion? Considering CAPM tests conditional on investor sentiment, like in Yu and Yuan [2011], we find that the familiar power issue in single-equation CAPM tests is exacerbated when sentiment is high: the expected return is obscured by a higher variance, the predictors of risk exhibit less variation over time, and even more of that variation is noise (attenuation bias). When, following French, Schwert, and Stambaugh [1987], we add the change of risk as a regressor (to control for flight-for-quality effects and obtain 'indirect evidence' of risk aversion) the conclusions of the regression even self-contradict. For a cleaner answer we propose to start, instead, from a Taylor expansion of the stock's price, which induces as regressors the changes in variance, expected earnings, the risk-free rate, and longer-term earnings growth. The coefficient of the change of risk is closer to zero than it is in the extended-CAPM regression, and implies a plausible level RRA. It is also closer to zero when sentiment is high, but this can be fully explained by a lower and shorter-lived predictive power of the proxy conditional on high sentiment; we do not need lower risk aversion to explain this, in short. In fact, the implied point estimate of RRA for high sentiment is higher, not lower.
Simulating C‐Band SAR Footprint‐Scale Backscatter Over Agricultural Area With a Physical Land Surface Model

Remotely sensed soil moisture products are ideal candidates for initializing soil moisture profiles of land surface models via data assimilation. This paper investigates the possibility of using a calibrated Integral Equation Model coupled with a hyperresolution land surface model, called Soil, Vegetation, and Snow (SVS) to simulate backscatter and compares the results with C‐band RADARSAT‐2 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter signals in postharvest season when the field is considered bare soil or sparsely vegetated. Modifications to SVS evaporation scheme are shown to improve the comparison against SAR measurements. An improved effective soil roughness calculation scheme was also proposed to focus on the inversion of the root mean square height (Hrms) only. Soil dielectric constant compensation was suggested to reduce the inversion error and expand the dynamic range of Integral Equation Model. The combination of SVS soil moisture and effective roughness is found superior to the absence of either of them. This method is promising considering that it does not require any in situ measurements, and yet it still outperforms the original IEM model, which uses in situ measured soil moisture and soil roughness at point scale.
The Differential Outcomes Effect Using Sensory Outcomes in a Many-to-One Matching-to-Sample Task

The present study was designed to evaluate the use of sensory outcomes (visual vs. auditory) using a differential outcomes procedure to facilitate learning in a many-to-one matching-to-sample task. For one group of participants (differential outcomes) each correct stimulus-choice sequence was always followed by a different outcome; whereas for the rest of participants (non-differential outcomes) each correct sequence was followed by the same outcome. Participants trained with differential outcomes showed a faster acquisition and higher overall accuracy than participants trained with non-differential outcomes. The results provide a new extension the differential outcomes effect by using sensory outcomes and many-to-one matching to-sample task; applications of the differential outcomes procedure are discussed.
Fundamental solutions for discrete dynamical systems involving the fractional Laplacian

We prove representation results for solutions of a time‐fractional differential equation involving the discrete fractional Laplace operator in terms of generalized Wright functions. Such equations arise in the modeling of many physical systems, for example, chain processes in chemistry and radioactivity. Our focus is in the problem Dtβu(n,t)=−(−Δd)αu(n,t)+g(n,t) , where 0
Do Political Connections Promote Innovation in Environmentally Polluting Enterprises?

We use an unbalanced panel data analysis to examine the effect of political connections (PCs) in state‐owned enterprises (SOE) and non‐SOEs on the innovation of Chinese environmentally polluting enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2007 to 2016. Our sample consists of 792 firms and 4587 firm‐year observations. There are several interesting findings. First, SOEs that are politically linked to the central government promote more innovation in general and more environmental innovation than SOEs without these links. Second, privately‐owned enterprises (non‐SOEs) with PCs promote less environmental innovation than non‐SOEs without PCs. Third, environmental regulation does not affect the environmental innovation of SOEs but it drives non‐SOEs with PCs to become more environmentally innovative. Our results enable us to better understand how PCs and regulations affect environmental innovation.
Studies in MTSS Problem Solving: Improving Response to a Pre-Kindergarten Supplemental Vocabulary Intervention

A tenet of the Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) is that even evidence-based interventions will not be effective with all children. We examined preschool children’s response to a supplemental literacy intervention (Story Friends) in two classrooms. Children with weak vocabulary skills were identified and received the intervention. The extremes in children’s response to Story Friends ranged from highly effective to very ineffective. In one classroom, three children who were not responsive to Story Friends received additional intervention components. Two of these children acquired new vocabulary words at rates comparable to highly responsive peers receiving Story Friends only, and greater than peers in both classrooms not receiving additional support. The third child was dropped due to refusal to attend sessions. Children’s lack of learning the control words demonstrated that their progress on the taught words was not due simply to listening to the words read in the stories.
Consumers’ intention to adopt eco-friendly electric airplanes: The moderating role of perceived uncertainty of outcomes and attachment to eco-friendly products

Abstract Greening is undeniably one of the emerging issues in the airline industry. Yet, empirical research on passengers’ behaviors pertinent to eco-friendly airplanes is scant. This study was designed to deepen the theory of planned behavior by integrating perceived uncertainty of outcomes and attachment to eco-friendly products in order to provide a clear understanding of decision formation for adopting eco-friendly electric airplanes from the customer perspectives. A quantitative approach with a survey methodology was employed. A structural equation analysis and test for metric invariance were utilized. Our results showed that volitional and non-volitional factors played an important role in forming adoption intention. In addition, the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior for the prediction of intention was apparent. Moreover, the test for metric invariance revealed that perceived uncertainty of outcomes significantly reduced the magnitude of the influence of volitional and non-volitional factors on intention and that attachment to eco-friendly products significantly strengthened the degree of the impact of attitude on intention. Our results offered a sufficient understanding of customer decision-making process for eco-friendly electric airplanes.
The Impact of Financial Slack on Firm Performance in a Recessed Economy: The Nigerian Experience

Adopting the current economic recession in Nigeria, this study investigates whether firms that pile up excess resources until the inception of the crisis experience superior performance during the meltdown. The variables for financial slack were measured as: The proportion of current assets to current liabilities, the ratio of equity to total debt, and the ratio of general and administrative expenses to sales. These proxies are measured over the period 2013 to 2014 prior to the recession. The variable of financial performance is then evaluated over the period of 2015 to 2017. The results show that high pre-crisis levels of liquidity do not impact performance during recession period. However, the findings agree with the view that high pre-crisis levels of debt have a negative influence on firm performance during economic crisis. For the variable of absorbed slack, its relationship with performance was found to be positive, although at a declining rate. Both findings align with the hypothesis that financial slack has value during economic recession. The uniqueness of the approach lies in the assessment of both linear and curvilinear performance effects of financial slack for listed Nigerian firms during the economic recession.
Theory of tracer diffusion in concentrated hard-sphere suspensions

A phenomenological theory of diffusion and cross-diffusion of tracer particles in concentrated hard-sphere suspensions is developed. Expressions for the diffusion coefficients as functions of the host particle volume fraction are obtained up to the close-packing limit. In concentrated systems the tracer diffusivity decreases because of the reduced pore space available for diffusion. The tracer diffusivity can be modelled by a Stokes–Einstein equation with an effective viscosity that depends on the pore size. Tracer diffusion and segregation during sedimentation cease at a critical trapping volume fraction corresponding to a tracer glass transition. The tracer cross-diffusion coefficient, however, increases near the glass transition and diverges in the close-packed limit.
Sticky Price versus Sticky Information Price: Empirical Evidence in the New Keynesian Setting

In order to model the inflation dynamics, we investigated various combinations of nominal rigidities. For this purpose, we analyze two adjustment-of-prices hypotheses as in the new Keynesian literature, namely the price stickiness and the sticky information, within a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. For each model, we compare the responses of inflation and output to shocks. We found that sticky information modeling correctly reproduces some important stylized facts after monetary shocks, but with hump-shaped responses. The sticky price model, considering that some fixed prices lead to that Phillips curve, does not correctly reproduce the dynamic inflation response to monetary shocks. We show that single indexation does not add persistence to the two specifications, and the choice of rigidity structure appears to be more important than the presence or absence of lagged values of inflation in the dynamics.
University Students’ Ability In Discourse Type Recognition

The aim of the study is to identify the discourse type recognition of university students. Descriptive qualitative study was employed to explore the students’ ability in recognizing discourse types. To achieve the objective of the study, a test of discourse type recognition was administered to 25 students of non-English department at a private Islamic university in Yogyakarta. The findings showed that most students found it difficult in recognizing discourse types, the physical form, and the situation in which the discourse types might be found. Other than that, the existence of cultural specificity in discourse types might hinder the students from predicting the proper names for the discourse types. This suggested that the students need to be given more exposures on discourse types and cross cultural understanding to help them identify the discourse types better.
Enacting Relevant Basic Education to Bridge the Rural-Urban Inequality in Ghana. The Prospects and Approaches for Investigating Rural Educational Realities

This conceptual and literature reviews study tracks the nexus of rural geo-cultural context, community participation, relevant pedagogy, and educational outcomes. The study traverse and synthesis existing theories/ concepts and methods to rural educational research. To identify the current gaps in knowledge and the methodological prospects in studying rural educational context. This is to lay the basis for a future detailed qualitative study into the cultural and lived educational realities of rural communities in Ghana. To inform innovative strategies on how the state, local communities and schools can better collaborate to enact an excellent Basic Education to bridge the rural-urban educational and socio-economic inequalities in Ghana. This paper argues that the methodological approaches to rural educational research should be focused on the concepts of culture, place and students' lifeworlds. And the methods should be underpinned by qualitative strategies in tune with the Ghanaian oral traditional context. Ethnographic participant observation approaches which socialise researchers, researched schools and their host communities to co-create critical knowledge offer better prospects for rural education research the seek to reconstruct equitable, fair and quality education for all. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijhss.11. 1.5
GGIR: A Research Community–Driven Open Source R Package for Generating Physical Activity and Sleep Outcomes From Multi-Day Raw Accelerometer Data

Recent technological advances have transformed the research on physical activity initially based on questionnaire data to the most recent objective data from accelerometers. The shift to availability of raw accelerations has increased measurement accuracy, transparency, and the potential for data harmonization. However, it has also shifted the need for considerable processing expertise to the researcher. Many users do not have this expertise. The R package GGIR has been made available to all as a tool to convermulti-day high resolution raw accelerometer data from wearable movement sensors into meaningful evidence-based outcomes and insightful reports for the study of human daily physical activity and sleep. This paper aims to provide a one-stop overview of GGIR package, the papers underpinning the theory of GGIR, and how research contributes to the continued growth of the GGIR package. The package includes a range of literature-supported methods to clean the data and provide day-by-day, as well as full recording, weekly, weekend, and weekday estimates of physical activity and sleep parameters. In addition, the package also comes with a shell function that enables the user to process a set of input files and produce csv summary reports with a single function call, ideal for users less proficient in R. GGIR has been used in over 90 peer-reviewed scientific publications to date. The evolution of GGIR over time and widespread use across a range of research areas highlights the importance of open source software development for the research community and advancing methods in physical behavior research.
Peculiarities of Chara filiformis (Charales, Charophyceae) distribution and oospore sizes in Lithuania

ABSTRACT Distribution and ecological requirements of Chara filiformis A. Braun in Hertzsch in Lithuanian water bodies were studied. This species has quite limited distribution in central and northern Europe, clearly preferring the habitat ‘3140 Hard oligo-mesotrophic waters with benthic vegetation of Chara spp. ’. Morphological features of oospores and gyrogonites of C. filiformis were studied based on 50 gyrogonites and 50 oospores taken from herbarium specimens collected from Lake Germantas (55.979279, 22.14266 WGS) at the depth of 2–3 m on 17 August 2000. Largest polar axis (LPA, length), largest equatorial diameter (LED, width), isopolarity index (ISI = LPA/LED × 100) and number of ridges were measured. The comparative analysis revealed that the morphometry of oospores from the studied population significantly differed from most of the data known from the literature.
Validation of Py-C chemical vapour deposition and infiltration process codes

The main purpose of the present study was to analyze the parameters controlling the Py-C CVD/CVI processes, conducted by a pilot size Isothermal/Isobaric CVI plant. In order to validate the previously developed deposition and infiltration codes [1], the experimental results and the theoretical models were taking into consideration. In particular, the effect of residence time and methane/hydrogen ratio (α) on the deposition rate and the microstructure of Py-C was investigated. Furthermore, 2D fabric preforms of carbon fibres were densified at 1200 °C by means of Py-C infiltration, varying the concentration of the gas mixture (CH4 and H2) and the pressure of the process.