Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 22‐Year Follow‐Up (Range 16 to 23) of Original Subjects with Baseline Alcohol Use Disorders from the Collaborative Study on Genetics of Alcoholism

BACKGROUND Recent reports indicate higher-than-expected problematic drinking in older populations. However, few data describe how to predict which older individuals are most likely to demonstrate alcohol-related problems, including those with earlier alcohol use disorders (AUDs). These analyses evaluate predictors of alcohol outcomes in individuals with earlier AUDs in the Collaborative Study on Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). METHODS Original COGA participants with baseline AUDs at about age 40 were interviewed 13 to 26 years later and placed into clinically derived outcome categories. Chi-square and analysis of variance evaluated baseline differences across 4 outcome groups, with significant items entered into binary logistic regression backwards elimination analyses predicting outcomes. RESULTS Low-Risk Drinkers (N = 100) at follow-up were predicted by baseline higher levels of response to alcohol (high LRs), lower histories of alcohol treatment, experience with fewer types of illicit drugs, and were more likely to have been widowed. At follow-up, Problem Drinkers (N = 192) differed from High-Risk Drinkers (N = 93) who denied multiple alcohol problems by exhibiting baseline lower LRs, higher Sensation Seeking, and a higher proportion who were widowed. Abstinent (N = 278) outcomes were predicted by a history of higher baseline AUD treatments, higher alcohol problems, lower usual drinks, as well as older age and European American heritage. Thirty-four subjects (4.9%) could not be classified and were not included in these analyses. CONCLUSIONS These results generated from AUD individuals from both treatment and nontreatment settings reinforce low probabilities of recent Low-Risk Drinking in individuals with AUDs, but also suggest many individuals with AUDs demonstrate good outcomes 2 decades later.
Reply to: dexamethasone and postoperative cognitive decline.

References 1 Glumac S, Kardum G, Sodic L, et al. Effects of dexamethasone on early cognitive decline after cardiac surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2017; 34:776–784. 2 De Oliveira GS Jr, Thran M. Dexamethasone: the wonder drug in perioperative medicine. J Clin Anesth 2017; 43:98–99. 3 Bataille A, Letourneulx JF, Charmeau A, et al. Impact of a prophylactic combination of dexamethasone–ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in obese adult patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy during closed-loop propofol–remifentanil anaesthesia: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2016; 33:898–905. 4 Dube P, Mitra S, Singh J, et al. Intravenous dexamethasone as an adjunct to improve labor analgesia: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial. J Clin Anesth 2017; 43:6–10. 5 Fang Q, Qian X, An J, et al. Higher dose dexamethasone increases early postoperative cognitive dysfunction. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2014; 26:220–225. 6 Fan Y, Yuan L, Ji M, et al. The effect of melatonin on early postoperative cognitive decline in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Anesth 2017; 39:77–81. 7 Silva FP, Schmidt AP, Valentin LS, et al. S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase as predictors of cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a prospective observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2016; 33:681–689.
The fate of abstracts presented at international ophthalmology meetings: 2- and 5-year publication rates

Purpose: To investigate the 2- and 5-year publication rates of abstracts presented at major international ophthalmology meetings. Methods: We analyzed a random selection of 20% of free papers and posters presented at the 2010 meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, the American Academy of Ophthalmology, the European Association for Vision and Eye Research, the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology, and the 2009 European Society of Ophthalmology meeting. The PubMed (MEDLINE) database was searched to identify matching journal articles. Data collection included: topic, geographic origin, presentation type, publication status, and impact factor. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess odds of publication and impact factor. Results: Our analysis included 1742 research abstracts. The overall 2- and 5-year publication rates were 33.3% (n = 579) and 47.2% (n = 823), respectively. The highest publication rates were found for Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (36.1% and 51.9%, p < 0.0001), paper presentations (44.5% and 60.5%, p < 0.0001), researches from Oceania (35.8% and 57.1%, p < 0.05) and North America (36.2% and 50.5%, p < 0.05), and Basic science studies (44% and 60.3%, p < 0.01). After adjustments, higher odds of publication were shown by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology and the American Academy of Ophthalmology meetings (p < 0.0001), papers (p < 0.0001), and Basic science (p < 0.05). The median impact factor was 3.20 (interquartile range = 1.90–3.40). Conclusion: Less than half of abstracts presented at the major ophthalmology meetings reach publication within 5 years of their initial presentation. Professionals attending meetings may consider adopting a more critical approach to the preliminary results reported in presented abstracts. Increasing publication rates and reducing potential publication bias is of interest.
Cortical excitability varies across different muscles.

The aim of the present study was to determine whether significant differences in cortical excitability were evident across different body regions in healthy humans. Threshold tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was undertaken in 28 healthy controls. Short-interval intracortical inhibition [SICI between interstimulus intervals (ISI) 1-7 ms], intracortical facilitation (ICF, between ISI 10-30 ms), resting motor threshold (RMT), cortical silent period (CSP) duration (generated at stimulus intensity 150% RMT), and motor evoked potential amplitude were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), tibialis anterior (TA), and trapezius muscles. These muscles were selected as they are frequently affected in neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. SICI and ICF are measured as a percentage difference between conditioned and an unconditioned test response. SICI was significantly greater when recorded over the APB (9.9 ± 1.5%) and TA (8.6 ± 1.4%) muscles compared with the trapezius (4.5 ± 1.9%, P < 0.05). The CSP duration was significantly shorter (CSPtrapezius, 131.0 ± 6.3 ms; CSPTA, 175.7 ± 9.9 ms; CSPAPB, 188.3 ± 4.0 ms; P < 0.001) and ICF greater ( P < 0.01) in the trapezius muscle. There were no significant correlations between inhibitory and facilitatory processes recorded across the three muscles. The present study established significant differences in cortical excitability across three body regions, with evidence of more prominent inhibition and less facilitation in the limb muscles. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cortical excitability of muscles with differing motor functions was assessed using threshold tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation. Significantly greater intracortical inhibition and less facilitation were evident over the limb muscles. These findings could relate to differences in the functional organization of the corticomotoneuronal system innervating different muscle regions.
Fountain of youth for squamous cell carcinomas? On the epigenetic age of non‐small cell lung cancer and corresponding tumor‐free lung tissues

Aging affects the core processes of almost every organism, and the functional decline at the cellular and tissue levels influences disease development. Recently, it was shown that the methylation of certain CpG dinucleotides correlates with chronological age and that this epigenetic clock can be applied to study aging‐related effects. We investigated these molecular age loci in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues from patients with adenocarcinomas (AC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SQC) as well as in matched tumor‐free lung tissue. In both NSCLC subtypes, the calculated epigenetic age did not correlate with the chronological age. In particular, SQC exhibited rejuvenation compared to the corresponding normal lung tissue as well as with the chronological age of the donor. Moreover, the younger epigenetic pattern was associated with a trend toward stem cell‐like gene expression patterns. These findings show deep phenotypic differences between the tumor entities AC and SQC, which might be useful for novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.
Elevated Circulating Osteoprotegerin Levels in the Plasma of Hemodialyzed Patients With Severe Artery Calcification

We studied the correlations between circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG) level and radial artery calcification (RAC) assessed histologically and carotid artery intima‐media thickness (CCA‐IMT). Moreover, we studied the relationship between OPG levels and all‐cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality during a 5‐year observation period. The study comprised 59 CKD patients (36 hemodialyzed (HD), 23 predialysis). The biochemical parameters included: creatinine, calcium, phosphate, intact parathormone, C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor receptor II (TNFRII), transforming growth factor‐β, hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 23, osteonectin (ON), osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, and osteocalcin. CCA‐IMT and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques was assessed by ultrasound. Fragments of radial artery obtained during creation of HD access were prepared for microscopy and stained for calcifications with alizarin red. RAC was detected in 34 patients (58%). In multiple regression adjusted for dialysis status, TNFRII, ON and Framingham risk score (FRS) were identified as the independent predictors of OPG. Serum OPG above the median value of 7.55 pmol/L significantly predicted the presence of RAC in simple logistic regression (OR 5.33; 95%CI 1.39–20.4; P = 0.012) and in multiple logistic regression adjusted for FRS, dialysis status and CCA‐IMT values (OR 6.56; 95%CI 1.06–40.6; P = 0.036). OPG levels above the median were associated with higher CCA‐IMT values (1.02 ± 0.10 vs. 0.86 ± 0.13; P < 0.001) and predicted the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid artery (OR 14.4; 95%CI 2.84–72.9; P < 0.001), independently of FRS, dialysis status and RAC. In this study, elevated serum OPG levels correlated with higher CCA‐IMT, the presence of atherosclerotic plaques and the severity of the RAC independently of each other. During follow‐up, 25 patients (42%) died, including 21 due to CV causes. In multiple Cox regression, OPG above the median predicted overall survival independently of dialysis status, Framingham risk score, CCA‐IMT above the median value, and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in CCA, but not independently of RAC. We postulate that circulating OPG may play a dual role as a marker for both medial arterial calcification and atherosclerosis, hence it seems to be a valuable tool for assessing CV risk in patients with CKD. OPG might be an early indicator of all‐cause mortality in CKD patients with advanced medial arterial calcification.
Conservative management strategies and stress level in children and adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to evaluate the stress level in children and adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) treated conservatively using the Dobosiewicz Method (DoboMed) approach in correlation with the clinical parameters and brace therapy. METHODS The study group (SG) comprised 63 patients (54 girls), in mean age 14.7 years. DoboMed approach was used in all studied patients (31 of them had also a brace (orhosis)). The clinical analysis included also body mass index (BMI) z-scores, age at diagnosis, spinal curvature location and the duration of brace correction. The patients completed the Bad Sobernheim Stress Questionnaire Deformity (BSSQ-Deformity) and Bad Sobernheim Stress Questionnaire Brace (BSSQ-Brace) questionnaires twice, ie. , at the beginning and at the end of the hospitalization. RESULTS IS patients experienced low or moderate deformity-related stress (58.7% and 36.5% respectively). A significantly higher stress level (BSSQ-Deformity) was revealed in the combination therapy group compared to kinesiotherapy group (p<0.05). In brace wearers, the orthosis-related was higher than the deformity-related stress (p<0.0001). A significant correlation was observed between the BSSQ-Deformity score vs. age, BMI z-score and number of hospitalizations (p<0.05). Deformity stress level was significantly related to the Cobb's angle in both analyzing subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Stress level in IS patients is related to the severity of the disease irrespectively to the method of treatment. Brace wearing is a factor provoking and increasing stress level. Stress level related to bracing is higher than trunk deformity related. Higher stress levels were significantly correlated with age, BMI z-score and number of hospitalizations. Complex therapy should include also psychological support for young patients with IS.
Evoked potentials in diagnosis of visual dysfunction in amateur boxers

ABSTRACT Objective: Injuries with varying degrees of temporary or permanent visual dysfunction are common in boxing. This study presents clinical diagnostic information regarding the functional integrity of the visual system in elite amateur boxers. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of normal or abnormal pattern visual evoked potentials (VEP). VEP in boxers were analyzed in relation to the nonathletic group and years of boxing activity. Methods: Clinical examination involved 31 boxers (21 male and 10 female) and 31 controls homogeneous in terms of age and gender. Pattern-reversal VEP elicited by checkerboard stimuli with large (LC) and small checks (SC) under monocular condition were applied. The latency and amplitude of N75, P100 and N135 components of the VEP waveform were analyzed. Absolute values and interocular differences of P100 latency and N75-P100 amplitude were used in determining VEP abnormalities. Results: Individual analysis showed prolonged P100 latency in both eyes in one male boxer. Interocular P100 latency differences beyond 8 ms were observed in three male boxers. The N75-P100 amplitude of four boxers exceeded the normal range in both eyes for the LC stimulation and one boxer for the SC stimulation. Interocular N75-P100 amplitude differences beyond the normal range in two cases for both the LC and the SC stimulation were confirmed. There was a positive correlation between years of boxing activity and N75 latency in SC (R = 0.480, p < 0.05) and N75-P100 amplitude in LC (R = -0.370, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Long-term boxing training may cause impairments in neural conductivity in the visual pathway. VEP seem to be a valuable tool in the neurophysiological diagnosis of visual function in contact sports. They can be recommended as a systematical examination for boxers during training processes for the indication and reduction in the incidence of vision-threatening injuries.
A Study on Microstructure and Properties of PHS Fiber Laser Welded Joints Obtained in Air Atmospheres

Press-hardened steels (PHS) with a 1.5-mm-thick coated Al–Si layer is welded using an IPG YLS6000 continuous fiber laser in the air atmosphere. An SU5000 scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an Oxford EDS X-Max20 energy spectrometer are used to characterize the microstructure, which consists of delta (δ)-ferrite and lath martensite. It is similar to that of the welding performed in the Ar atmosphere, but the content of δ-ferrite is less. The reason is the formation of Al2O3 inclusions in the molten pool, which reacts with oxygen from the air ambient and the Al from the molten Al–Si coating of PHS. The oxygen content is measured with an ONH-3000 analyzer. An HV-1000 microhardness tester and DNS-100 universal material test equipment are performed to test the hardness and tensile strength. Similar hardness and strength of welded joints are achieved welding in the air atmosphere compared to that of the Ar atmosphere. Fracture was initialed in the fusion line of overlapping zone and propagated along the interface of two plates and fusion line due to the Al segregation.
Investigation of the Diverse Sleep Behavior of Malware

Once malware has infected a system, it may lie dormant (or asleep) to control resource consumption speeds, remain undetected until the time of an attack, and thwart dynamic analysis. Because of their aggressive and abnormal use of sleep behavior, malware programs are expected to exhibit traits that distinguish them from other programs. However, the details of the sleep behavior of real malware are not sufficiently understood, and the diversity of sleep behavior among different malware samples or families is also unclear. In this paper, we discuss the characteristic sleep behavior of recent malware and explore the potential for applying the features of sleep behavior to malware classification. Specifically, we demonstrate that a wide variety of sleeps are executed by a set of malware samples and that sleeps are a promising source of features for distinguishing between different malware samples. Furthermore, we show that applying a learning algorithm to sleep behavior information can result in high classification accuracy and present several examples of typical and rare sleep behaviors observed in the execution of real malware.
Evolution of protein trafficking in kinetoplastid parasites: Complexity and pathogenesis

The kinetoplastida and their close relatives are unicellular organisms prevalent within the biosphere and important for significant impacts on global health, economy and ecosystems. They are, under most models, an early branching lineage. Individual species adapted to highly diverse environments by adopting complex life styles; parasitic species can infect a wide range of eukaryotic hosts, while many relatives are free‐living and some autotrophic from acquiring a plastid for photosynthesis. Adaptation is especially evident in the evolution of kinetoplastid cell surface architecture and is supported by endomembrane trafficking and serves as a platform for interaction with its environment. Here we summarize and discuss recent genomic and experimental studies of the protein trafficking system in kinetoplastids, with focus on the composition and function of the surface as well as mechanisms for constructing, maintaining and regulating the cell surface proteome. We hope this provides a broad view of how protein trafficking contributes to the intricate and dynamic host‐parasite interfaces that are critical for successful environmental adaptation of this highly important lineage.
The role of knowledge absorptive capacity on the relationship between cognitive social capital and entrepreneurial orientation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of cognitive social capital (CSC) on firms’ entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and how knowledge absorptive capacity moderates this relationship. The purpose is aimed at completing the gap in the literature regarding determinants of EO linked with knowledge. Design/methodology/approach The empirical study was carried out on a sample of 292 Spanish firms in the agri-food industry. Partial least squares (SmartPLS software) was used to evaluate the measurement and structural models. Findings CSC has a curvilinear influence (U-shaped) on EO. In addition, this relationship is accentuated with higher knowledge absorptive capacity. Practical implications Managers should promote cognitively close networks and reinforce shared goals and culture with their contacts to maintain a high EO. Furthermore, managers should strengthen their knowledge absorptive capacity to boost innovativeness, risk taking and proactiveness derived from cognitive proximity with their contacts. Originality/value This study adds value to social capital literature by pointing out a curvilinear relationship (U-shaped) between CSC and EO, in contrast to studies focussed on other dimensions of social capital, which have obtained divergent results. Furthermore, this study reinforces the key contingent role of knowledge absorptive capacity. The study provides a valuable theoretical framework of EO determinants connecting the cognitive perspective of social capital theory with a dynamic capability view.
Resilience in Baccalaureate Nursing Students: An Exploration.

The purpose of the current study was to explore resilience in senior-level baccalaureate nursing students. Twenty-seven participants completed an online questionnaire assessing three stressors that pertained to marriage or divorce, death or loss of family members or close friends, and extreme financial hardship in the past 1 year. Resilience was measured using the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25) and one open-ended question about the experience of resilience. Mean CD-RISC-25 score was 73.26 (SD = 10.7; range = 45 to 96); only 33.3% of the sample was considered resilient (score >80). Qualitative data described academic stressors and support resources for resilience. Study findings underscore the relevance of resilience in nursing students. Nurse educators must help nursing students develop resilience to better prepare them for academic success and ensure a smooth transition into their professional nursing role. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56(7), 46-55. ].
Fully Dynamic MIS in Uniformly Sparse Graphs

We consider the problem of maintaining a maximal independent set in a dynamic graph subject to edge insertions and deletions. Recently, Assadi et al. (at STOC’18) showed that a maximal independent set can be maintained in sublinear (in the dynamically changing number of edges) amortized update time. In this article, we significantly improve the update time for uniformly sparse graphs. Specifically, for graphs with arboricity α, the amortized update time of our algorithm is O(α2 ⋅ log2 n), where n is the number of vertices. For low arboricity graphs, which include, for example, minor-free graphs and some classes of “real-world” graphs, our update time is polylogarithmic. Our update time improves the result of Assadi et al. for all graphs with arboricity bounded by m3/8−ε, for any constant ε > 0. This covers much of the range of possible values for arboricity, as the arboricity of a general graph cannot exceed m1/2.
Use of Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull to Determine Asymmetrical Strength Differences in NCAA D-I Athletes

38 Introduction 40 Methods 42 Subjects 42 Anthropometric Measures 42 Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull 43 Statistical Analysis 44 Results 44 Anthropometric Measures 44 Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull 45 Discussion 49 Practical Applications 55 References 56 3. DISCUSSION 68 Results 68 Methods 72 Future Research 74 REFERENCES 76 APPENDICES 86 Appendix A: IRB Approval 86