Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Simulated Periapical Lesion in Intraoral Digital Radiography with Different Brightness and Contrast

Objective: To assess the detection of simulated periapical lesions in digital intraoral radiography with different levels of brightness and contrast combinations, and to investigate the observers’ preference of image quality for this diagnostic task. Methods: Digital radiographs were acquired prior to periapical lesion simulation and after each one of four defects enlargement. Original images were adjusted in 4 brightness and contrast combinations. Five observers evaluated the images according to the presence of periapical lesion on a 5-point scale. In a second moment, the observers ordinated the images subjectively, according to quality, from the best to the worst to detect the bone defect. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated for the diagnostic values and compared by two-way ANOVA. The significance level was set at 5% (P<0.05). Results: No differences were found between the diagnostic values of the five combinations of brightness and contrast (P>0.05). The overall results showed low values of area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and sensitivity of the periapical radiography in the detection of periapical lesions of sizes from 1 to 3, which rose substantially in size 4. For image quality, combinations with the lowest brightness and highest contrast were preferred by the observers in 58% of the cases. Conclusion: Brightness and contrast adjustments do not influence the detection of simulated periapical lesions in digital intraoral radiography. Lower brightness and higher contrast images were preferred for this diagnostic task.
Use of Facebook, students’ intrinsic motivation to study writing, writing self-efficacy and writing performance

ABSTRACT The study aimed to scrutinise how incorporating Facebook into a conventional writing class might impact on students’ intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy and writing performance, and to uncover how best to provide corrective feedback on students’ writing posted on Facebook. Sixty-four subjects from an intact group were recruited by means of purposive sampling. All participants sat the pre-test measuring intrinsic motivation to study writing, writing self-efficacy and writing performance. Following the pre-test, participants attended a regular conventional writing class incorporating Facebook for four months. At the conclusion of the study, participants sat the post-test and were interviewed regarding their learning experience. Participants were also requested to indicate which type of feedback provided on FB is preferred and to justify their responses. It was found that students’ intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy, as well as writing performance, improved markedly in the post-test and that direct corrective feedback is more favoured by students. Overall, the study suggests that not only does incorporating Facebook into a conventional writing class benefit students academically, but it also helps boost their intrinsic motivation to study writing and writing self-efficacy – two critical variables that dictate success in foreign language learning.
Effect of Exercise and Partial Sleep Restriction on Body Weight, Depressive-Like Behavior, and Hormonal Changes in Rat

Background: There is growing awareness that healthy sleep is an integral part of the quality of life. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the inﬂuence of an exercise training protocol and partial sleep restriction (SR) in male Wistar rats. We also assessed the changes in thyroxine (T 4 ) and norepinephrine (NE) hormones. Methods: Rats were randomly housed in four groups including without exercise without SR (Non-Ex-Non-SR), without exercise with SR (Non-Ex-SR), with exercise without SR (Ex-Non-SR), and with exercise with SR (Ex-SR). The rats in the exercise groups ran on a treadmill for four weeks. Also, the columns-in-water model was applied to induce SR for 16 hours per day for a week. Then, the depressive-likebehaviorwasassessedwiththeforcedswimmingtest(FST)andbloodsampleswerecollectedtomeasuretheserum levels of T 4 and NE hormones. Results: Body weight gain was signiﬁcantly (P < 0.05) lower in exercise groups. During the SR period, weight losses of 24.83 and 15.50 g occurred in the Non-Ex-SR and Ex-SR groups, respectively. The lowest climbing and swimming durations were observed in theNon-Ex-SRgroup. Forsleep-restrictedrats,theplasmaconcentrationof T 4 wassigniﬁcantly(P< 0.05)lowerandtheNElevelwas higher although statistically insigniﬁcant. Conclusions: Taken together, our ﬁndings indicated that exercise can reduce the negative eﬀects of sleep restriction. For knowing the negative eﬀects of sleep restriction, we need more basic studies in this area.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors among School Children in White Nile State, Sudan

This prospective cross sectional study was conducted in White Nile State during the period of September 2017 to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasite infection among schools children. Among the 253 stool samples tested, the overall prevalence was 56.9% (144/253), with higher prevalence in Hagar Asalya School 80% (64/80), followed by Al Kadogly School 52.4% (44/84) and Al azhari showed 40.4% (36/89). The commonest intestinal parasites among the schools children were E. histolytica 31.2% (79/253), G. lamblia 22.9% (58,253) and H. nana 2.8% (7,253). The most infected age group was (10-13) with prevalence of 43% (108/253). Females were more infected than males, p-value=0.0001. There was significant correlation between intestinal parasitic infection and sources of drinking water, hand wash after toilet. Whereas, no significant association was observed with father education, mother education and toilet availability.
Impact of Removable Partial Denture Type on Patient Satisfaction and Abutment Survival Rate-RCT

BACKGROUND: Patient’s satisfaction and the preservation of abutments is the most important outcomes that the clinician seeks during fabrication of any dental treatment, especially when it is concerned with removable prosthodontic rehabilitation. AIM: The present study evaluates three different Removable Partial Denture (RPD) types restoring mandibular class II modification I edentulous cases with regards to patient’s satisfaction and abutments survival. METHODS: Forty-two partially edentulous patients were divided into three groups (Group I rehabilitated with Vitallium RPD, Group II rehabilitated with Vitallium RPD where the modification area restored with the surveyed bridge, Group III rehabilitated with Thermopress RPD). The patients were followed up for twenty-four months. Using a questionnaire, prosthodontic maintenance required was documented at the delivery and after 3 months. RESULTS: There was a significant difference regarding patient satisfaction for group III (P-value <0.05) while for groups I and II there was a non-significant difference (P-value >0.05). Regarding the survival rate, there was a non-significant difference between the three groups (P-value >0.05) at the end of twenty-four months of follow up. CONCLUSION: Patient satisfaction and abutment survival were better with Thermopress RPD than conventional Vitallium RPD or Vitallium RPD with a surveyed bridge restoring the modification area. Although a non-statistically significant difference was found in the survival rate of abutments between groups, a clinically important result was revealed as no abutments failures were reported in the Thermopress group.
Defining a prognostic criterion of orthopaedic complications development in patients with an injury of anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint

Introduction. Prognostic indices of orthopaedic implications development were investigated among patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries on the basis of stabilography research during the functional period of rehabilitation. Methods. The study included 52 randomly selected individuals with a complete ACL tear qualified for surgical reconstruction. The patients’ age was 18–59 (average: 37.8 ± 2.0) years. All participants underwent rehabilitation treatment in the institute of Traumatology and orthopaedics, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, and had surgeries in the institute’s clinics. The crural part of the graft was fixed with the assistance of either the RigidFix system or the Cross-Pin system, and the Biointrafix or Biosure Sync system was applied for the tibial part. Results and conclusions. on the basis of the performed analysis of indices that characterize the functional condition of the injured limb of patients with an injury of ACL of knee joint at the functional stage of rehabilitation treatment, it is possible to identify a high and medium level of loading asymmetry in the lower extremities, decrease of electrobiological activity and muscle resistance ability during bending, stretching, adduction, and abduction, as the main prognostic criterion of orthopaedic complications development.
A Follow-up Study of Overweight Children and Adolescents with Diet Therapy Adjusted by Indirect Calorimetry

Abstract Introduction Changes in lifestyle have led to an increase in the prevalence of excess weight. Several interventions intended to reverse this situation have been tested. Methods We evaluated changes in the z-score for body mass index in children and adolescents after dietary management adjusted by indirect calorimetry. During 1 year, a monthly follow-up was performed on 27 children and adolescents (8–15 years) with overweight/obesity (z-score for body mass index ≥ + 1); body weight and stature measurements were collected at inclusion, at 6, and at 12 months after indirect calorimetry. Each participant received a diet adjusted by the value of indirect calorimetry. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) was evaluated to understand how to behave according to the bodily changes induced by the intervention. For statistical analyses, repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. Results The z-score for body mass index showed a reduction by the end of the study (-0.17 ± 0.05 [p = 0.014]). The BMR dropped during the first 6 months but returned to baseline values after 12 months (p = 0.231). Conclusion Dietary management adjusted by BMR for obese children and adolescents with excess weight, with monthly appointments, was effective after 12 months of intervention; the weight loss did not cause significant change of BMR in this period.
On The Enhanced Acoustic Design Of The Indoor Environments: Correspondence Of Perceptual Quantities Between Real And Simulated Sound Fields

In the design of indoor spaces where speech communication takes on a central role (e.g. classrooms, conference rooms, etc.), the influence of the sound environment on the occupants’ performance needs to be addressed. In order to guarantee a comfortable communication experience, the acoustic design of such spaces has to ensure, beside a high percentage of correctly heard words (i.e. intelligibility), also a minimal effort in the speech reception process. An effortful listening, as produced for instance by the presence of background noise and/or reverberation, requires the involvement of an increased amount of cognitive resources. If sustained over a prolonged period, this additional cognitive burden may compromise occupants’ learning and cognitive achievements. The present study specifically addresses the issue of an improved acoustical design of the rooms for speech, based on both intelligibility and listening effort results. For the scope, the correspondence between the results of speech-in-noise tests presented within an existing university classroom and via headphones, using auralized signals obtained from acoustic simulations of the same environment, is investigated. In fact, whereas the reliability of acoustical simulations has been widely confirmed as regards the predicted objective acoustic parameters including speech intelligibility data, to date an ecological validation of the listening effort metrics is still lacking, and is needed to understand how well results obtained by virtual acoustics predict the everyday realistic communication situations. Simulations of a university classroom with a volume of 198 m and acoustical treatment on a lateral wall were carried out with an acoustical CAD software. In order to obtain realistic simulations, the model was calibrated with octave-band field measurements of reverberation and clarity parameters. Binaural impulse responses (BRIRs) were calculated in two listening positions within the classroom, and convolved with anechoic speech and stationary noise, to obtain the auralized stimuli for the speech-in-noise tests. Speech and noise sound pressure levels were calibrated with reference to the values measured during the in situ tests. Consonant confusion tests (Diagnostic Rhyme Tests) in the Italian language were proposed to normal-hearing young adults. The tests were firstly presented in the real classroom, and then in laboratory conditions via headphones. During the experiments, data on the number of words correctly recognized, auditory response times (RT, behavioral measure of listening effort) and subjective ratings of listening effort (LE) were collected. The statistical analyses showed that both IS and RT data in auralized conditions matched the corresponding results obtained with in situ testing; the RT metric showed a greater sensitivity than IS, being able to discriminate
Effect of contrast water therapy on blood lactate concentration after high-intensity interval training in elite futsal players

Introduction. in the process of improving an athlete’s performance, the recovery methods must be optimized. Recovery is required to maximize training and competition performance; fatigue should be minimized by recovering as fast as possible. This study aimed to assess effects of contrast water therapy on blood lactate concentration after high-intensity interval training (HiiT) in elite futsal players. Methods. A total of 30 male futsal athletes volunteered to be subjects in this study. The test session consisted of repeated sprints at the distance of 25 m (3 series of two 1-min repetitions at 90% of maximum heart rate). After HiiT, the participants were randomized into 2 groups; 15 received contrast water therapy (CWT), and 15 were given slow jogging recovery (SJR). The recovery for the CWT group consisted of periodic immersions in cold water (18°C) for 1 min and then in hot water (37°C) for 2 min, with accumulating 15 min in the water. The recovery for the SJR group included 8 min of slow jogging (6.8 km · h−1) around a field. Results. After 30-min recovery, lactate concentration was significantly greater (p = 0.001) in the SJR group (7.67 mmol/l) than in the CWT group (6.82 mmol/l) and remained significantly different 60 min after recovery (p = 0.0001; 6.80 mmol/l and 5.01 mmol/l, respectively). Conclusions. We demonstrated that CWT after HiiT had an effect on the recovery of elite futsal players by decreasing the lactate concentration and rapid recovery of heart rate.
Effect of Lycopene on Signs in Patients with Different Stages of Oral Cancer

1* Pharm.D, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Graduate from Vaagdevi College of Pharmacy, Warangal, India-506001 2 MBBS, MS(GEN), DNB Surgical Oncology, NIMS PDCC (S. GASTRO,SVIMS) FMAS, FAIS, FIAGES, EFIAGES, Ex. Asst. Prof. General surgery PIMS, Regd No.4686. Surgical Oncologist and Gastroenterologist at Sai Shree Cancer Hospitals, Warangal, India-506002 3 Pharm.D, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Student at Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India-501510 4 Pharm.D, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Graduate from Vaagdevi College of Pharmacy, Warangal, India-506001 Corresponding Author Bachu Brahmani Mailing address33-5-238/4, Naidupump, Warangal, India506005 Abstract Background: Oral cancer is a major problem in the Indian subcontinent where it ranks among the top three types of cancer in the country and is eighth most common cancer worldwide. It is often preceded by precancerous or premalignant lesions, and conditions such asLeukoplakia, Erythroplakia and Oral sub mucosal fibrosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 142 patients who presented with clinical signs and symptoms of premalignant and malignant Stages of Oral Cancer were enrolled in the study. However, of which, 39 patients were excluded due topatients expired (n=5); not reported for the next follow up (n=23); posted for radiation (n=2) and for surgery (n=9); during the study period. After exclusion of above 39 patients, 103 patients were eligible to include in the study, of them which, 88 were males and 15 were females. Results: Socio demographic data of the patients: In the present study, amongst 103 eligible patients, 88 (85.43%) were males and 15 (14.56%) were females. Majority of the patients were uneducated that constituted 70.87% (n=73) while educated patients was 29.12% (n=30). And also, 67.96% (n=70) of patients were identified from rural area and rest of 32.04% (n=33) from urban area. Conclusion: In the present study, substantial improvement and decrease in disease severity was observed with selected (Lycopene) antioxidant therapy in different stages of oral cancer patients. Thus, antioxidants are overall favorable for early cases of oral premalignant lesions and conditions to cease and delay the disease progression.
Development of Recurrent Neural Networks and Its Applications to Activity Recognition

Deep learning, including the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), has enjoyed great success in the last decade. They have been widely applied in the areas of image and video-related tasks, such as image recognition and action recognition. Despite their great success, there are still some fundamental problems that have not been resolved. This thesis addresses the generic challenges in the CNNs and RNNs as well as challenges specific to their use in human activity recognition. First, an RNN-based pooling function is developed to replace the handcrafted and predefined pooling functions. Together with the other layers of the CNNs, this allows all components of the network to be trained from data. Then an independently recurrent neural network (IndRNN) is proposed to solve the gradient vanishing and exploding problem in the conventional RNNs. Unlike the traditional RNNs, IndRNN can learn very long-term patterns (over 5000 time steps) and can be stacked to construct very deep networks (over 21 layers). Application of IndRNN to activity recognition is studied where a deep IndRNN based attention model is developed. Finally, applications in complex scenes are explored using camouflaged moving background modelling. Extensive experiments have been conducted to validate the methods proposed in this thesis.
Identification of complications in paediatric cerebral palsy treated with intrathecal baclofen pump: a descriptive analysis of 15 years at one institution

Abstract Purpose Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) treatment is used with increasing frequency in the cerebral palsy population. We describe the complications of ITB treatment, the incidence of complications, and our experience with their treatment. Methods In a period of 15 years, 341 paediatric patients with cerebral palsy treated with ITB were evaluated. Device problems associated with the catheter or pump, or infection and complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and postdural spinal headache, were reviewed. Infection was classified as early (≤ 90 days) or late (> 90 days) according to the time of onset. Results The infection rate was 6.9% per procedure (50/720) and 14.6% per patient (50/341) over a mean 6.3 ± 3.9 years. There was a positive correlation between the risk of infection and preoperative comorbidities including epilepsy/seizure history, feeding tube, and mixed type cerebral palsy (p < 0.05, p = 0.03, p = 0.01, respectively). Eighty-five (24.9%) patients experienced 90 CSF leak episodes; 61 of these 85 patients had headache complaints as a result of CSF leak. There was a positive correlation between the risk of early infection and CSF leak (p < 0.05). Conclusions The most common complication related to ITB was associated with pump and catheter problems. The rate of complications with the use of ITB is relatively high; however, based on the literature reports, it is the most effective treatment for severe spasticity and dystonia in patients with severe cerebral palsy. Level of Evidence III
OVERIAN RUPTURE CAUSING INTRAPERITONEAL HAEMORRHAGE, WITH A REPORT OF THREE CASES

As a reminder of this, every time you pass into this building by the main entrance you will see on either side what suggested to me the title of this address-the symbol of the burning torch; and as an indication of the influence which I hope this school. will have on our future graduates, on the shield which is placed over the rear entrance (that which will probably be used most frequently by the students) you will see the motto composed by our classical colleague, Professor Michie: "Colatur ars utvita eecoiatur:"
Implementing Academic Analytics and the Impact to Academic Advising

Institutions are facing pressure to improve retention and graduation rates. Because of the positive impact that academic advising can have on these metrics and the growing use of academic analytics in higher education, spending on Integrated Planning and Advising Services (IPAS) is higher than ever before. IPAS tools promise to streamline advising efforts, alert advisors of students at risk of dropping out, nudge students to engage in and out of the classroom, predict which students will be successful in rigorous courses and majors, and ultimately, improve retention rates. With vendors rapidly entering and expanding the IPAS market, institutions are encouraged to get in the game, or risk losing their share of the market. For this study, comparative case study methods were used to understand why two public, 4-year, doctoral degree-granting institutions implemented the Education Advisory Board’s Student Success Management System (EAB SSMS), the steps followed during implementation, the impact implementation of such a system plays on advising work, and the perception of impact to any existing advising approach or philosophy. The study concludes that strategic planning that included increasing student success metrics led to the implementation of the SSMS. Creating buy-in, communication with advising leaders and front-line advisors, and making decisions about how the use of the tool would be required or encouraged affected individual campus’ implementations. Each institution demonstrated that gaps in advising tool functionality was addressed by the EAB SSMS and that advisors with less experience and those who demonstrated more flexibility in approach and with technology were most successful in adjusting to the implementation of the tool. The institutions differed in the approach that was in place for academic advising, and use of the tool did not make any substantive change to the advising approach in place.