Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Solar Vehicles: Perspectives, Problems, Management Strategies

Hybrid Solar Vehicles (HSV), derived by integration of Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Photo-Voltaic sources, may represent a valuable solution to face both energy saving and environmental issues, particularly in urban driving. Previous studies have also shown that economic feasibility could be achieved in a near future. After a presentation of the perspectives and the problems related to the use of such vehicles, the paper focuses on their management strategies, evidencing some significant differences with respect to the case of Hybrid Electric Vehicles. In order to develop a supervisory control for an HSV prototype under development at University of Salerno, a study on the performance achievable by an intermittent use of the ICE powering the electric generator is presented. The results obtained by the application of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to the optimal energy management of an HSV with series structure are discussed. The optimal powering strategy accounts for fuel mileage and state of charge, also considering solar contribution during parking mode and the effects of engine thermal transients on fuel consumption and HC emissions. The effects of power-train, vehicle and external variables on optimal strategies are also studied and discussed. Key-words: Hybrid Vehicles, Solar Energy, Photovoltaic Panels, Genetic Algorithm
Online Shopping: What Factors Determine Consumers to Buy?

Indonesia This study analyzed factors influencing consumers in the process of making a decision in online shopping. The findings could inspire suggestions for online marketers in developing either media or infrastructures accordingly. The variables in the study involved product information, price, service, transaction safety, environment, age, gender, educational background, and income rate as independent variables, while the process of purchasing decision served as a dependent variable. Primary data were gathered in 10 locations within Jabodetabek areas involving 270 respondents which were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that price, information product, and service as significant variables influencing consumers in online shopping. Service became the most important factor for marketers to be considered as it emerged as the most dominant variable influencing the process of making a decision in online
A new estimate of the China temperature anomaly series and uncertainty assessment in 1900–2006

While global warming during the last century has been well recognized, the magnitude of the climate warming in regions such as China over the past 100 years still has some uncertainty due to limited observations during the early years. Several series of temperature anomalies for the 20th century in China have been independently developed by different groups. The uncertainty arises mainly from the sparse observations before 1950, where statistics are sensitive to the small and potentially biased sample. In this study, BSHADE‐MSN (Biased Sentinel Hospitals Areal Disease Estimation and Means of Stratified Nonhomogeneous Surface), a combination of two novel distinct statistical methods that are applicable with different sample situations to a spatial heterogeneous surface, is applied to estimate annual mean temperature anomalies for China. This method takes into account prior knowledge of geographical spatial autocorrelation and nonhomogeneity of target domains, remedies the biased sample, and maximizes an objective function for the best linear unbiased estimation (BLUE) of the regional mean quantity. For the period 1900–1999, the overall trend estimated by BSHADE‐MSN is 0.80°C with a 95% confidential interval between 0.41°C and 1.18°C. This is significantly lower than that calculated by Climate Anomaly Method (CAM) and Block Kriging. The new temperature anomaly series for China exhibits slightly warmer conditions for the period before 1950 than existing studies. All the methods applied so far agree well with each other for the period after 1950, when there are sufficient stations across the country for the estimation of temperature anomaly series. Cross validation shows that the new regional mean temperature anomaly series has smaller estimation error variance and higher accuracy than those based on the other methods assessed in this study.
Contrastive Analysis at work : theoretical considerations and their practical application

The paper reports on the results of a corpus-based and pedagogically orientated contrastive analysis envisaged to complement and supplement the results of the Yugoslav Serbo-Croat—English Contrastive project, representing also a contribution to a revised edition of Serbo-Croat—English Contrastive Grammar. The analysis specifically focuses on verbal reflexivity and middleness in the two languages, confining itself to the so-called ‘severbs’, verbs followed by the morpheme se in Serbo-Croat and their English translation equivalents. Some theoretical and methodological innovations in contrastive linguistic research are discussed in the first part of the paper, concluding that further research within the proposed framework can yield contrastively valuable results that can be further applied to a variety of study fields, primarily to language pedagogy.
Television Frames of the 2008 Liberal and New Democrat Accord

ABSTRACT This article examines how the Liberal and New Democratic Accord was framed through and by national television news during the first week of December 2008. Using new institutionalism theory, this article argues that politicians must negotiate with journalists to present their framing of issues. While journalists may repeat and even balance competing frames, they also interpret politics strategically, and this is what dominates coverage. Based on a frame analysis, the study examines the national television coverage of the proposed coalition government. The analysis finds that TV news presented the preferred frames of the government and the coalition in similar proportion. However, the coverage spent significantly more time assessing performance and strategy and was highly critical of the strategy and performance of the key political players. RESUME Cette etude examine la facon par laquelle les informations nationales televisees ont expose les cadres d’analyse du gouvernement et des partenaires de la coalition durant la crise politique de 2008. La demarche entreprise utilise une methodologie d’analyse-cadre, ou la proportion de la couverture mediatisee accordee au gouvernement est comparee a celle donnee a la coalition. De plus, cette etude compare les cadres preferes des elites politiques avec les discussions televisees de strategies. Nous trouvons que malgre que l’analyse-cadre du gouvernement a recu, marginalement, plus d’attention que celle de la coalition, l’emphase principale de la television nationale etait sur l’evaluation des aspects strategiques de la crise. L’evaluation par tous les acteurs politiques etait fort negative.
EVALUATION OF PROXIMATE , FUNCTIONAL AND ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSATES FROM FERMENTED KARIYA ( HILDERGARDIA BARTERII ) SEED PROTEIN ISOLATES

Background: Hydrolysates were obtained from fermented and unfermented kariya seed protein isolate using two proteolytic enzymes: pepsin and pancreatin to obtain fermented pancreatin kariya protein hydrolysate (FPcKPH), unfermented pancreatin kariya protein hydrolysate(UPcKPH), fermented pepsin kariya protein hydrolysate (FPsKPH) and unfermented pepsin kariya protein hydrolysate (UPsKPH). Method:The degree of hydrolysis (DH) proximate, functional properties and some anti-oxidative characteristics of enzymatic protein hydrolysates were evaluated. Results: The results showed that pancreatin hydrolysates (FPcKPH; 65.20% and UPcKPH; 50.50%) had higher degree of hydrolysis than pepsin hydrolysates (FPsKPH; 53.00% and UPsKPH; 33.93%) while the fermented hydrolysates showed higher DH than the unfermented hydrolysates both in the pancreatin and pepsin hydrolysates. The results also showed that fermented hydrolysates had better functional properties that the unfermented samples. The protein contents of the fermented hydrolysates were also improved. The antioxidant characteristics showed that fermented kariya protein hydrolysates exhibited higher DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate) radical scavenging activity (FPcKPH, IC501.03; FPsKPH, IC501.40; UPcKPH, IC50 1.51; UPsKPH, IC50 6.97 mg extract/ml), metal chelating (FPcKPH, IC50 0.95; FPsKPH, IC500.53; UPcKPH, IC50 1.27; UPsKPH, IC50 1.06 mg extract/ml) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FPcKPH, 0.63; FPsKPH,0.50; UPcKPH 0.35; UPsKPH, 0.23 AAμg/g). Conclusion:The study concluded that fermented kariya seeds hydrolysates could find applications as potential natural anti-oxidant in food.
Well-preserved underplating structure of the jadeitized Franciscan complex, Pacheco Pass, California

Duplex structures several hundred metres thick bounded by marker beds exhibiting basalt-chert association have been found in the Franciscan complex near Pacheco Pass, central Diablo Range, California. The terrane was regionally metamorphosed and deformed under blueschist facies conditions at 150 °C and 7–8 kbar. Detailed mapping of the basalt-chert sequence has clarified the change of environment from mid-oceanic ridge to subduction zone. Eastward convergence of duplexing indicates eastward subduction of the oceanic plate during Early Cretaceous time. The presence of duplexing and a reconstruction of oceanic plate stratigraphy recorded within the underthrust unit demonstrate the accretionary origin of protoliths of the Franciscan coherent unit, which has long been believed to have an in situ origin, interpreted as either near-trench volcanism or accreted terranes in which “geosynclinal-type” volcanism occurred.
Particulate matter pollution from open burning of sawdust in Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract The study investigated the annual atmospheric loadings of particulate matter (PM) from open burning of sawdust in southwestern Nigeria using emission factor approach. The estimated annual atmospheric loading of PM from the states ranged between 1.18–8.29 ton/annum while 23.4 ton/annum was obtained for the entire southwestern Nigeria. The maximum per capita and land distribution of the emission were estimated to be 0.844 g/capita and 304.592 g/km2 and these were from Ondo and Lagos States, respectively. The dominant elemental emissions were potassium and sodium with annual atmospheric loadings of 10.4 ton/annum and 10.1 ton/annum, respectively. Heavy metals such as lead and mercury were present in small quantities. Given the possible impacts of the PM emissions on public health, the study suggested waste to energy as an option that could be explored in the region in order to achieve a win–win situation that addresses the solid waste problems and at the same time improving the regions energy mix.
Compensation committee and executive compensation in Asia

Using a sample of firms in East Asian economies, we find that level of CEO compensation is positively associated with CEO power. The positive association between the level of CEO compensation and CEO power is attenuated by the proportion of independent directors on the compensation committee and the equity ownership held by external block-holders. Furthermore, CEO pay-performance sensitivity is lower in firms with powerful CEOs. In the sub-sample of firms with powerful CEOs, CEO payperformance sensitivity is higher in firms with higher compensation committee independence and higher proportion of equity held by block-holders. Additional tests indicate that excessive CEO compensation in firms with more powerful CEO is associated with lower subsequent operating performance and lower future stock returns. The negative association between excessive CEO compensation and future firm performance is attenuated by stronger corporate structures.
POLYHEDRON DISTORTIONS IN TOURMALINE

Distortion parameters [� , � 2 , DI(Y‐O), DI(O‐ Y‐O), DI(O‐O)] have been calculated for cation polyhedra in tourmalines of different chemical compositions. Tourmalines with greater amounts of small, highly charged ions in the YO6 octahedron display greater bond-length distortion in Y. The size and charge of the occupants at the Y site have been included in an empirically determined formula intended to evaluate the bond-length distortion of the YO6 octahedron. This equation demonstrates that the bond-length distortion in the YO6 octahedron is a function of the size and charge of the Y-site occupants, and is predictable from those occupants (r = 0.972 for observed versus calculated distortion). The distortion of the Z octahedron in a tourmaline is largely a function of the of that tourmaline [r = ‐0.985 for all tourmalines where O3 is occupied by 3 (OH) apfu], although the occupant of the O3 site also affects that distortion. The bond-length distortion of the TO4 tetrahedron is small, but examination of the angle distortion of the tetrahedron demonstrates a strong covariance with the charge at the X site (r = 0.892). Finally, distortions in the XO9 polyhedron were found to correlate with the charge of the occupants at the Y site and the fluorine content ( r = 0.881).
Down the Rabbit Hole: toward appropriate discussion of methane release from gas hydrate systems during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum and other past hyperthermal events

Abstract. Enormous amounts of 13C-depleted carbon rapidly entered the exogenic carbon cycle during the onset of the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), as attested to by a prominent negative carbon isotope (δ13C) excursion and deep-sea carbonate dissolution. A widely cited explanation for this carbon input has been thermal dissociation of gas hydrate on continental slopes, followed by release of CH4 from the seafloor and its subsequent oxidation to CO2 in the ocean or atmosphere. Increasingly, papers have argued against this mechanism, but without fully considering existing ideas and available data. Moreover, other explanations have been presented as plausible alternatives, even though they conflict with geological observations, they raise major conceptual problems, or both. Methane release from gas hydrates remains a congruous explanation for the δ13C excursion across the PETM, although it requires an unconventional framework for global carbon and sulfur cycling, and it lacks proof. These issues are addressed here in the hope that they will prompt appropriate discussions regarding the extraordinary carbon injection at the start of the PETM and during other events in Earth's history.
Profiles of Urban, Low SES, African American Girls’ Attitudes Toward Science

The purpose of this study was to increase the science education community’s understanding of the experiences and needs of girls who cross the traditional categorical boundaries of gender, race and socioeconomic status in a manner that has left their needs and experience largely invisible. A first of several in a series, this study sought to explore how African American girls from low SES communities position themselves in science learning. We followed a mixed-methods sequential explanatory strategy, in which two data collection phases, qualitative following the quantitative, were employed to investigate 89 African-American girls’ personal orientations towards science learning. By using quantitative data from the Modified Attitudes toward Science Inventory to organize students into attitude profiles and then sequentially integrating the profile scores with year-long interview data, we found that the girls’ orientations towards science were best described in terms of definitions of science, importance of science, experiences with science, and success in science. Therefore, our mixed method analysis provided four personality orientations which linked success in school and experiences with science to confidence and importance of science and definitions of science to value/desire. In our efforts to decrease the achievement gap, we concluded there should be more emphasis on conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills, while still being cognizant of the danger of losing the connection between science and society which so often plagues achievement-focused efforts. Our continued efforts with this group of girls will center on these instructional techniques with the goal of addressing the needs of all science learners.
New information on Brasilodon and Brasilitherium (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) from the Late Triassic, southern Brazil

 New discoveries of articulated skulls and lower jaws of Brasilodon and Brasilitherium from the Late Triassic of Brazil provide additional information on these small cynodonts, allowing us to establish the family Brasilodontidae nov. The basicranium, lateral wall of the braincase, primary and secondary palates and the quadrate of Brasilitherium are described, as well as the basicranium, primary palate and lower jaw of Brasilodon. Brasilitherium exhibits more derived characters than Brasilodon in the periotic, the promontorium, and the articular process of the dentary. Brasilodon is more derived in the lower dentition, the mode of tooth replacement, and the vascular features in the stapedial recess. Both genera have interpterygoid vacuities that are considered here as possibly derived or reversed characters of the mammalian primary palate. The new phylogenetic analysis presented here corroborates the position of both genera as sister-group of mammals as previously proposed.
Looking for evidence of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate financial performance in an emerging market

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial performance (CFP) of Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs) as an emerging market setting.Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal data analysis with a large‐sample testing was carried out from 200 Malaysian PLCs by using panel data analysis during a seven‐years period. The statistical power with fixed effect and random effect model was utilized.Findings – Results of earlier estimations indicate that there are positive and significant related of the CSR on CFP. Two of the CSR dimensions, namely employee relations and community involvement, were found to be positively related to financial performance. This proves that CSR practices can be considered as effort to enhance the financial performance of PLCs in Malaysia. The results also reveal that there is limited evidence of the relationship between CSR and CFP in the longterm.Practical implications – These findings s.
Model study on the dependence of primary marine aerosol emission on the sea surface temperature

Abstract. Primary marine aerosol composed of sea salt and organic material is an important contributor to the global aerosol load. By comparing measurements from two EMEP (co-operative programme for monitoring and evaluation of the long-range transmissions of air-pollutants in Europe) intensive campaigns in June 2006 and January 2007 with results from an atmospheric transport model this work shows that accounting for the influence of the sea surface temperature on the emission of primary marine aerosol improves the model results towards the measurements in both months. Different sea surface temperature dependencies were evaluated. Using correction functions based on Sofiev et al. (2011) and Jaegle et al. (2011) improves the model results for coarse mode particles. In contrast, for the fine mode aerosols no best correction function could be found. The model captures the low sodium concentrations at the marine station Virolahti II (Finland), which is influenced by air masses from the low salinity Baltic Sea, as well as the higher concentrations at Cabauw (Netherlands) and Auchencorth Moss (Scotland). These results indicate a shift towards smaller sizes with lower salinity for the emission of dry sea salt aerosols. Organic material was simulated as part of primary marine aerosol assuming an internal mixture with sea salt. A comparison of the model results for primary organic carbon with measurements by a Berner-impactor at Sao Vincente (Cape Verde) indicated that the model underpredicted the observed organic carbon concentration. This leads to the conclusion that the formation of secondary organic material needs to be included in the model to improve the agreement with the measurements.
A displacement finite volume formulation for the static and dynamic analysis of shear deformable circular curved beams

In this paper, a finite volume formulation is proposed for static and in-plane vibration analysis of curved beams in which the axis extensibility, shear deformation and rotary inertia are considered. A curved cell with three degrees of freedom is used in discretization. The unknowns and their derivatives on cell faces are approximated either by assuming a linear variation of unknowns between the two consecutive computational points or by using the moving least squares technique (MLS). The proposed method is validated through a series of benchmark comparisons where its capability in accurate predictions without shear and membrane locking deficiencies is revealed.
Informal Sector and Economic Growth: The Supply of Credit Channel

A standard view holds that removing barriers to entry and improving judicial enforcement would reduce informality and boost investment and growth. We show, however, that this conclusion may not hold in countries with a concentrated bank- ing sector or with low financial openness. When the formal sector becomes larger in those countries, more entrepreneurs become creditworthy and the higher pres- sure in the credit market increases the interest rate. This reduces future capital accumulation. We show some empirical evidence consistent with these predictions.
Social preferences under risk : the role of social distance

In many different contexts individuals take decisions on the behalf of others. However, little is known about how this circumstance affects the decision making process and influences the ultimate individuals' choices. In this paper, we focus on the context of investment decisions and study if (and how) lottery-type investment decisions made on behalf of another person differ i) compared to decisions which do not affect anyone else, and ii) depending on the social distance between who makes the decision and who is affected by it. Our results shows that social distance (i.e., whether the person affected by one's decision is an unknown stranger or a friend) is an important determinant when people decide on the behalf of others. Individuals are heterogeneous in their individual investment strategies but, on average, when deciding on behalf of a friend rather than only for themselves or a stranger, their behaviour is closer to expected value maximization, exhibiting less risk taking. We interpret these findings as evidence of other regarding preferences affecting the decision making process in lottery-type decisions when the social distance is shortened.
COALESCER BED MODELING TO MIXTURE OIL/WATER: TREATMENT USING ANSYS CFX

Produced water is one of the greatest concerns in oil industry due to the quantities of this effluent produced and the negative environmental impacts that it can cause. Based on these considerations and on the difficulty in removing emulsified oil in water, the study of methods to treat this effluent becomes of great relevance. The use of computational fluid dynamics is an alternative to solve this problem for the economical and time advantages it presents, and the possibility of achieving reliable results. This paper studies the use of a coalescer bed to treat oil/water mixture behavior. Results of droplets distribution, size, oil flow, and fluid dynamics equipment behaviour are analyzed and discussed.