Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fish consumption and cardiovascular disease in the physicians' health study: a prospective study.

The authors examined the association between dietary intake of fish and omega 3 fatty acids from seafood and the risk of cardiovascular disease in a prospective cohort study of 21,185 US male physicians who are participants in the Physicians' Health Study. In 4 years of follow-up, there were 281 incident cases of total (fatal and nonfatal) myocardial infarction, 173 cases of stroke, and 121 cardiovascular deaths. There was no evidence for association between dietary intake of fish and any cardiovascular endpoint, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. The relative risks of total myocardial infarction, adjusted for age and randomized treatment assignment, for categories of fish intake were: 1.0 for < 1 meal/week (referent), 1.6 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.1-2.3) for 1 fish meal/week; 1.4 (95% Cl 1.0-2.0) for 2-4 fish meals/week; and 1.2 (95% Cl 0.6-2.2) for > or = 5 fish meals/week; chi 2 for trend = 0.9, p = 0.34. The relative risks were similar for omega 3 fatty acid intake and for specific types of fish, and did not change after adjustment for history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, or angina pectoris, parental history of myocardial infarction before age 60 years, obesity, exercise, smoking, alcohol use, saturated fat intake, and vitamin supplement use. These data do not support the hypothesis that moderate fish consumption lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Effect of salicylates in urticaria.

performance was so deficient as to suggest a specific develop mental failure. Fourteen of these children were matched for age, sex, handedness, verbal I.Q. , and home and school back ground with an equal number of children drawn from the same sample who had shown no evidence of selective visuo-motor impairment. Both groups were followed up for a three-year period. The children with visuo-motor defect were found to be significantly inferior to the controls on a series of tests of spatial judgement and manual skill, to present a variety of educational problems, especially in regard to spelling and arithmetic, and to give evidence of a relatively high incidence of maladjustment. There was also evidence of a relatively high incidence of perinatal abnormality in this group, raising the possibility of minimal early brain damage. This study supports the contention that agnosic-apraxic disabilities in otherwise normal children are by no means rare and warrant wider recognition.
Brief Communication: Correlation of global earthquake rates with temperature and sunspot cycle

Abstract. We studied the complex and non-stationary records of global earthquake employing the robust statistical and spectral techniques to understand the patterns, processes and periodicity. Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA) and correlation methods are used to quantify the nature of principle dynamical processes of global annual earthquake rates. The SSA decomposes the principle component of earthquake rates (first mode), which suggests that there is a linear increase in the yearly earthquake number from 1975 to 2005 accounting for 93% variance and may be identified with the earth's internal dynamical processes. Superimposed on this monotonic trend, there is an 11 years cyclic variation (second and third modes) accounting for 5% variance, which may corresponds to the well-known solar cycle. The remaining 2% higher order fluctuating components appears to be associated with artificial recharge and natural triggering forces (reservoir, tidal triggering etc.). The correlation study indicates that there is strong positive and negative correlation among the global earthquake rates with surface air temperature and sunspot numbers respectively. Interesting coupling mechanisms do exist, in which atmospheric circulations perturbed by the abrupt temperature variability might change the torques/momentum of inertia (earth's angular momentum) of the earth and thereby may offer the required inputs to trigger earthquake activities at the "critical phases".
Development of a rapid and sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of bovine herpesvirus type 1 in bovine semen

We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) in bovine semen. Since bovine semen contains components that inhibit PCR amplification, a protocol was developed to purify BHV-1 DNA from bovine semen. To identify failures of PCR amplification, we used an internal control template that was coamplified by the same PCR primers. When separated fractions of BHV-1-contaminated semen were analyzed by the PCR, we found that more than 90% of the BHV-1 DNA was present in a pooled fraction consisting of seminal fluid, nonsperm cells, and virus adsorbed to spermatozoa. By using this fraction, three to five molecules of BHV-1 DNA in 50 microliters of bovine semen could be detected. A pilot study to compare this PCR assay with the routinely used virus isolation method showed that this PCR assay is 2- to 100-fold more sensitive. In addition, the results of the PCR assay are available in 1 day, whereas the virus isolation method takes 7 days. Therefore, the PCR assay may be a good alternative to the virus isolation method.
Different Characteristics of New Particle Formation Events at Two Suburban Sites in Northern China

The formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles and their subsequent growth have been observed under different environmental conditions globally; such observations are few over northwest China. Here, we present an analysis of some case studies for new particle formation (NPF) events from two distinct suburban locations in northern China during May and June of two consecutive years, and provide more information to understand the characteristics of NPF events in North China. Particle number size distribution was measured at suburbs of Beijing (39.75° N, 116.96° E) during 1 June to 2 July 2013 and at suburbs of Xi’an (34.09° N, 108.55° E) during 1 to 25 May 2014. The average of total particle number concentration in the similar size range of 10–487 nm at the suburbs of Beijing (9.0 × 103 cm−3) was about two times higher than those observed at Xi’an (4.7 × 103 cm−3), and the mean particle mode diameter at Beijing was 1.4-fold higher than that at Xi’an. The estimated total condensation sink (CS) at Beijing (3.11 × 10−2 s−1) was also higher than at Xi’an (1.13 × 10−2 s−1). The frequency of NPF events at suburb of Beijing was 24%, lower than that in Xi’an (50%), and also lower than urban site of Beijing (35% in June) and another suburb of Beijing (over 50% in June). The NPF events with (Class I) or without (Class II) subsequent growth were both observed at the two suburb sites. The derived GR at the suburb of Beijing (range from 4.6 to 8.6 nm h−1) was a little higher than that at Xi’an (range from 3.3 to 6.7 nm h−1), which are generally comparable to typical values in mid-latitude reported in previous studies. The air masses coming from north or northwest China favor the occurrence of NPF event under low condensation sink and clear days. The number size distributions of freshly nucleated particles showed clear bimodal distributions on both sites. Additionally, Mode Dp of nucleated particles at the two sites was 17 ± 1 nm and 22 ± 4 nm, respectively during the periods with NPF events. The case study of NPF events at the two suburb sites shows that the surface area concentration and total scattering coefficient (SC) was significant decreased during the NPF events at both sites. High temperature, low condensation sink and low relative humidity furthered the occurrence of NPF events, and wind direction shifts were important for the subsequent growth of particles. NPF events in the suburbs of Beijing usually occurred when relative humidity (RH) < 55%, CS < 0.02 s−1, or 55% < RH < 68%, CS < 0.01 s−1. However, there is no clear range for Xi’an. Furthermore, we observed that some NPF events occurred at higher RH and very low CS in this study on both sites, which means that low CS may be more important than low RH for the particle formation on clear days.
Up-regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Receptor in Cerebral Arteries after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Monkeys

OBJECTIVE Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid array analysis was used to determine whether vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with changes in gene expression. METHODS Right SAHs were created in three monkeys, and the right and left middle cerebral arteries were collected 3, 7, or 14 days after SAH. Vasospasm was assessed by angiography performed on Day 0 and at tissue harvest. A complementary deoxyribonucleic acid array containing 5184 genes was used to screen for changes in gene expression by comparing the right and left middle cerebral arteries. RESULTS There was significant expression (greater than fivefold expression of messenger ribonucleic acid compared with internal standard control) of 537 genes (10%) in the middle cerebral arteries. One hundred sixty-four genes (31%) did not change significantly, and 373 (69%) were differentially expressed at 3, 7, or 14 days after SAH. These 373 genes changed from 1.2- to 7-fold as compared with control arteries. The most common pattern was a progressive increase with increased time after SAH. The functions of differentially expressed genes included the regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, inflammation, membrane proteins and receptors, kinases, and phosphatases. There was a marked increase in parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone receptor with time after SAH. Immunoblotting demonstrated a significant increase in parathyroid hormone receptor protein. CONCLUSION The up-regulation of these proteins involved in vascular relaxation suggests that they may play a role in vasospasm. The progressive increase in messenger ribonucleic acids involved in the functions noted suggests that the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm involves cell proliferation, inflammation, and possibly smooth muscle phenotype change.
Differing action potential shapes in rat dorsal root ganglion neurones related to their substance P and calcitonin gene‐related peptide immunoreactivity

Intracellular electrophysiological recordings were made in vitro at 36.5°C from lumbar (L4 to L6) dorsal root ganglion neurones of 6–8‐week‐old female rats. Electrophysiological properties were recorded prior to intracellular injection with fluorescent dye. The following showed substance P‐like immunoreactivity (SP‐LI): 8/19 C‐fibre cells, 6/26 Aδ cells, and 0/52 Aα/β cells. In C‐fibre neurones, there were no significant differences in action potential (AP) characteristics between those with SP‐LI and those without. In contrast, the Aδ neurones with SP‐LI had significantly deeper and longer afterhyperpolarisations (AHPs), but their AP durations did not differ from those without SP‐LI. Both SP‐LI and calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐LI (CGRP‐LI) were examined on 18 Aδ and 11 C cells. Most (7/8) neurones with SP‐LI also showed CGRP‐LI, but only 7/21 neurones without SP‐LI showed CGRP‐LI. One C cell showed SP‐LI but no CGRP‐LI. Neurones with neither peptide (−/−), with only CGRP (−/CGRP) or with both peptides (SP/CGRP) were compared (n = 28). The numbers in each group were, respectively, 5, 2, and 3 with C‐fibres and 9, 5, and 4 with Aδ‐fibres. The peptide content and AP shape were related in Aδ neurones. Most −/− Aδ neurones had short APs and short AHPs; most −/CGRP neurones had long APs and long AHPs, and SP/CGRP neurones had short APs with deep, long AHPs. There was a positive correlation between log10 of the area under the AP (AP area) and log10 AHP duration in Aδ neurones. All SP‐ and most CGRP‐containing Aδ neurones had AP shapes similar to those previously described for nociceptive neurones. However, a few without peptide also showed such properties, raising the possibility that some nociceptive neurones did not express these peptides. J. Comp. Neurol. 388:541–549, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genes and cigarette smoking.

AIMS Attempts to further our understanding of the determinants of cigarette smoking, tobacco addiction and related behaviours have included the dissection of genetic influences on these phenotypes. This review summarizes the current state of evidence from both twin and adoption studies and molecular genetic studies. We also review future research horizons and the direction which studies of this kind are likely to take in the near future. FINDINGS There is consistent evidence from twin and adoption studies that genetic factors play a role in the aetiology of cigarette smoking. Nevertheless, despite a large number of candidate gene studies, and a smaller number of linkage studies, few reported associations and chromosomal regions of interest have proved to replicate reliably. This is due most probably to the small effects of individual loci on complex behaviours such as smoking. CONCLUSIONS Future research is likely to include the study of gene x environment interactions (including gene x treatment interactions, which offer the prospect of genetically tailored smoking cessation treatment) and the use of more sophisticated smoking-related phenotypes, such as longitudinal smoking trajectories, and intermediate phenotypes which use technologies such as neuroimaging and other laboratory and biobehavioural measures.
Modélisations théoriques et expérimentales de l'hémodynamique en microcirculation

Dans une premiere partie une methode d'optimisation en variable mixtes est presentee et mise en oeuvre. Son efficacite est illustree par la determination simultanee de la structure et des conditions operatoires (consommation d'energie) optimales pour un procede d'esterification continue ainsi que pour un reseau d'echangeurs de chaleur
Double-blind evaluation of implants of gold wire at acupuncture points in the dog as a treatment for osteoarthritis induced by hip dysplasia

Thirty-eight dogs with hip dysplasia were studied to evaluate the use of gold wire implants at acupuncture points around the hip joints. They were assigned at random into two groups of 19. In the treated group, gold wire was inserted through hypodermic needles at electrically found acupuncture points around both hips. In the control group, the areas were prepared in the same way but had only the skin pierced at sites which were not acupuncture points, with a needle of the same size as that used in the treated group. Over a period of six months the dogs were studied repeatedly by two veterinarians and by the dogs' owners who were unaware of the treatments the dogs had received; they assessed the dogs' locomotion, hip function and signs of pain. Radiographs were taken at the beginning and end of the study. Although the data collected from both groups by the veterinarians and the owners showed a significant improvement of locomotion and reduction in signs of pain (P=0.036 for the veterinary evaluation and locomotion and P=0.0001 and P=0.0034 for the owners' evaluation of locomotion and pain, respectively), there were no statistically significant differences between the treated and control groups (P=0.19 and P=0.41, P=0.24, respectively).
Wealth Creation for Acquirers of Listed and Unlisted Targets

We examine announcement period excess returns to acquirers of listed and unlisted targets in 17 Western European countries over the interval 1996 through 2001. Acquirers of listed targets earn an insignificant average excess return of –0.38%, while acquirers of unlisted targets earn a significant average excess return of +1.48%. This “listing effect” in acquirers’ returns persists through time and across countries and remains after controlling for method of payment for the target, the acquirer’s size and Tobin’s Q, the “liquidity” of the target, whether the acquisition created a blockholder in the acquirer’s ownership structure, whether the acquisition was a crossborder deal, and other variables. The fundamental factors that give rise to the listing effect, which has also been documented in U.S. acquisitions, remain elusive. Wealth Creation for Acquirers of Listed and Unlisted Targets A persistent phenomenon in studies of U.S. acquisitions is that acquirers achieve zero or negative announcement period excess returns when acquiring listed targets and positive announcement period excess returns when acquiring unlisted targets (Chang (1998), Fuller, Netter and Stegemoller (2002), Hansen and Lott (1996) and Moeller, Schlingemann and Stulz (2003)). Additionally, when unlisted targets are separately categorized as stand-alone companies and subsidiaries of other firms, bidders earn positive excess returns when acquiring targets from either category. Various hypotheses have been proffered to explain this phenomenon. Chang (1998) proposes that acquisitions of unlisted targets with payment made in stock often create blockholders who act as effective monitors of the bidder’s management with the presumed consequence that such monitors lead to improved performance by the acquirer. Consistent with his argument, for unlisted targets, he reports that acquirers’ returns are higher when payment is made in stock and when the acquisition creates a new blockholder in the acquirer’s ownership structure. Fuller et al (2002) offer up a number of possible explanations. Prominent among them is the conjecture that the acquirer gains because it is reaping an "illiquidity" discount when buying unlisted targets. However, they do not test this hypothesis. Hansen and Lott (1996) hypothesize that shareholders of publicly-traded acquirers own diversified portfolios that include the shares of other listed companies, but do not (and cannot) include the shares of privately held companies. For this reason, they argue, given conservation of values, shareholders do not care when managers “over pay” for publicly-traded targets because any loss in value for the buyer is merely a transfer to the target company’s shareholders. Acquisition of an unlisted target is a
Analysis of invivo expressedgenes inMannheimia haemolytica A 1

The expression of Mannheimia haemolytica A1 genes during in vivo growth was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using total RNA extracted directly from M. haemolytica A1 recovered from pneumonic lungs of cattle. Primers specific for three groups of genes were used. Group 1 includes virulence-related genes: lktC, tbpB, ahs, nmaA, gs60 and gcp. Group 2 includes genes that code for putative two-component regulatory systems: narP, narQ, ttrR, ttrS, phoB and phoR. Group 3 includes genes involved in regular cellular functions such as plp4, thiL and rrf. The RT-PCR data were examined in conjunction with the percent pneumonic lesion in each lung scored during necropsy. The analysis showed that lungs with a higher percent pneumonic score exhibit expression of more M. haemolytica A1 genes. For group 1 genes, lktC was expressed in the majority of samples, whereas the other genes were only expressed in some samples. This was not unexpected as the leukotoxin is a major virulence factor of the bacterium. The genes encoding the response regulators for the putative two-component regulatory systems were found to be expressed in more samples than the genes encoding the sensor proteins. The regulator proteins may be required in higher levels to regulate expression of target genes.
Postmortem pH, Muscle, and Refrigerated Storage Effects on Ability of Vacuum‐Packaged Pork to Bloom

Effects of pH, muscle, and storage time on the ability of vacuum-packaged pork chops to bloom were investigated. Low pH samples exhibited more change in color measures during the 30 min blooming period than did the medium and high pH samples. The low pH sample bloomed more rapidly and to a greater extent than medium and high pH samples. Among the 3 muscles, Longissimus had the highest, while Semimembranosus had the lowest a * value and hue angle changes. Overall, refrigerated storage of vacuum packaged pork for 7 d or more resulted in more efficient blooming when pH was low. The ability of vacuum-packaged pork to rebloom is necessary for the meat to regain the consumer-expected pink-red color after opening the vacuom bag. La couleur rose brillante de la viande de porc, engendree par l'oxygenation de la desoxymyoglobine en oxymyoglobine, est appreciee par le consommateur. Dans cette etude, des cotes de porc emballees sous vide sont entreposees a 4°C pendant 28 jours. Les effets du pH, du muscle et de la duree du stockage sur la capacite de la viande a reprendre une couleur rose apres ouverture de l'emballage sont evalues. La viande entreposee pendant 7 jours ou plus a une meilleure capacite de recoloration a pH faible.
Event-Related Synchronization and Desynchronization During Affective Processing: Emergence of Valence-Related Time-Dependent Hemispheric Asymmetries in Theta and Upper Alpha Band

Event-related desynchronization (ERD) and synchronization (ERS) in the individually defined theta, alpha-1, alpha-2, and alpha-3 frequency bands were measured in 22 healthy subjects (Ss) in response to neutral (Neut), emotionally positive (Pos), and negative (Neg) IAPS stimuli. The 62-channel EEG, facial EMG and ECG were simultaneously recorded while subjects viewed sequentially presented pictures and subjectively rated them after each presentation. The obtained findings indicate that differences induced by pictures varying in emotional valence are associated mainly with increased theta and alpha-3 synchronization activity and anterior hemispheric asymmetries. In the anterior temporal leads theta ERS revealed a significant valence by hemisphere interaction showing relatively greater right hemisphere theta ERS for Neg and left hemisphere ERS for Pos stimuli in the time window of 100 700 ms post-stimulus, whereas in the alpha-3 band Neg stimuli induced lateralized time-dependent left hemisphere ERS increased in the time window of 800-1200 ms, were not observed for Neut and Pos stimuli. The obtained results along with earlier observations on EEG correlates of affective processing challenge the notion that affective anterior hemispheric asymmetries are mainly sensitive to wide alpha frequency band. Frequency and time dependence of anterior hemispheric asymmetries in emotional valence discrimination is emphasized.
Virulence of infecting Helicobacter pyloristrains and intensity of mononuclear cell infiltration are associated with levels of DNA hypermethylation in gastric mucosae

DNA methylation changes are known to occur in gastric cancers and in premalignant lesions of the gastric mucosae. In order to examine variables associated with methylation levels, we quantitatively evaluated DNA methylation in tumors, non-tumor gastric mucosae, and in gastric biopsies at promoters of 5 genes with methylation alterations that discriminate gastric cancers from non-tumor epithelia (EN1, PCDH10, RSPO2, ZIC1, and ZNF610). Among Colombian subjects at high and low risk for gastric cancer, biopsies from subjects from the high-risk region had significantly higher levels of methylation at these 5 genes than samples from subjects in the low risk region (p ≤ 0.003). When results were stratified by Helicobacter pylori infection status, infection with a cagA positive, vacA s1m1 strain was significantly associated with highest methylation levels, compared with other strains (p = 0.024 to 0.001). More severe gastric inflammation and more advanced precancerous lesions were also associated with higher levels of DNA methylation (p ≤ 0.001). In a multivariate model, location of residence of the subject and the presence of cagA and vacA s1m1 in the H. pylori strain were independent variables associated with higher methylation in all 5 genes. High levels of mononuclear cell infiltration were significantly related to methylation in PCDH10, RSPO2, and ZIC1 genes. These results indicate that for these genes, levels of methylation in precancerous lesions are related to H. pylori virulence, geographic region and measures of chronic inflammation. These genes seem predisposed to sustain significant quantitative changes in DNA methylation at early stages of the gastric precancerous process.