Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serotype Distribution and Demographics of Dengue Patients in a Tertiary Hospital of Lahore, Pakistan during the 2011 Epidemic

The dengue outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan during 2011 was unprecedented in terms of its severity and magnitude. This research aims to determine the serotype distribution of the dengue virus during this outbreak and classify the patients demographically. 5ml of venous blood was drawn aseptically from 166 patients with dengue like signs to test for the virus between the months of August to November 2011. The samples were sent to CDC, Atlanta, Georgia for the purpose of molecular assays to determine their serotype. RT-PCR protocol was performed targeting the 4 dengue serotypes. Out of 166 cases, dengue infection was detected with RT-PCR in 95 cases, all infected with the same serotype DEN-2. 75 % of positive cases were males while 25 % were females. Most positive patients were in the age range of 16 - 30 years. 33 % positive cases had accompanying bleeding. This is first study during the 2011 dengue epidemic in Lahore that reports DEN-2 as the only prevalent serotype. It also indicates that more infected patients were males, adults, within the age range of 16 - 30 years, the epidemic peaked in the month of November, Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is manifested more in females, and that Ravi town was heavily hit by the dengue virus infection.
Neuropsychological, Behavioral, and Academic Sequelae of Cleft: Early Developmental, School Age, and Adolescent/Young Adult Outcomes

This article reviews behavioral, neuropsychological, and academic outcomes of individuals with cleft across three age levels: (1) infancy/early development, (2) school age, and (3) adolescence/young adulthood. The review points out that attachment, neurocognitive functioning, academic performance/learning, and adjustment outcomes are the result of a complex interaction between biological and environmental factors and vary with developmental level, sex, and craniofacial anomaly diagnosis. The degree to which associated genetic or neurodevelopmental conditions may explain inconsistent findings is unknown and suggests the need for caution in generalizing from group data on cleft.
Knowledge, Attitude Referred to Health Centers on Salt Intake

Background and purpose: Too much salt cardiovascular and renal complications related to heart disease are a disease. Given the importance of knowledge and attitude of conserving salt Therefore this study was done to survey of knowledge, attitude, about salt intake in referring to health centers of Sari. Materials and methods: This study was descriptive and analytic. The sample size of this study 416 person of referring to health centers of Sari. The sample was selected by tow stage randomization method as: first 5 health center was selected by random between all health centers of Sari Township and the second stage the studied person was selected by random. Study tools were questioner and the data was collected by trained raters. At last the data was analyzed by use of 16 version of SPSS software and the appropriate statistical methods were used in these analysis. Results: The results showed that the average score of 53.67 percent attitude and 37.69% and the 47.4 percent. The average household salt was 12.8 grams and in the study, the relationship between the knowledge age and sex were not found to be significantly (P>0.05). The attitude of the marital relationship is statistically significant (P= 0.01). But significant relationship was found between attitudes to sex. Conclusion: With respect the results of this study, amount of salt consumption in this population was high. Therefore Health education about salt consumption is necessary.
Open Queueing Networks in Heavy Traffic

This paper presents heavy traffic limit theorems for the queue length and sojourn time processes associated with open queueing networks. These limit theorems state that properly normalized sequences of queue length and sojourn time processes converge weakly to a certain diffusion as the network traffic intensity converges to unity. The limit diffusion is reflected Brownian motion on the nonnegative orthant. This process behaves like Brownian motion on the interior of its state space, and reflects instantaneously on the boundaries. The reflection direction is a constant for each boundary hyperplane.
Bridging the Gap: Addressing Challenges toward Improvement of Cleft Teamwork in a Tertiary Care Center in North India: A Pilot Study

Aim The aim of this study was the initiation of systematic data collection so as to improve the capacity for outcome measurement after cleft repair. Also, a clinical audit was done for evaluation of the process and assessment of outcomes of cleft care. Design and Setting A questionnaire-based survey and outcome assessment was carried out over a 1-year period from March 2008 to February 2009 at the combined outpatient cleft clinic of a tertiary care center in India. Patients and Participants Data collection (basic demographic and environmental information) was done twice a week throughout the year by students from the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, at the outpatient cleft clinic. Results A total of 68 completed cleft lip and palate registry forms, from which all the information was available, were analyzed. There was a skewed sex ratio, with a higher preponderance of boys seeking treatment. Of affected males, 19.1% were between 2 and 5 years of age when they first reported to the cleft clinic. Surprisingly, no bilateral clefts of lip, unilateral cleft lip (right) and unilateral cleft lip and palate (right) were observed in girls. Oral health was poor in 74% of patients; among the dental referrals only 26% could be recruited for orthodontics with a reasonably good prognosis. Conclusions Poverty, illiteracy, and superstitions prevent an average patient from India from receiving multidisciplinary cleft care. This emphasizes the need to create systems that suit the needs of our target patients.
Lead Exposure and Conventional and Ambulatory Blood Pressure: A Prospective Population Study

Objective. —To evaluate in a prospective fashion the association between low-level lead exposure and blood pressure. Design. —Prospective cohort study. Setting. —General population. Participants. —A random population sample (N=728; 49% men; age range, 20-82 years) was studied in Belgium for 1985 through 1989 and reexamined for 1991 through 1995. Mean Outcome Measures. —At baseline and follow-up, blood pressure was measured by conventional sphygmomanometry (15 total readings) and at followup also by 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. Lead exposure was estimated from blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin concentrations. Multivariate analyses controlled for sex, age, body mass index, smoking and drinking habits, physical activity, exposure at work, social class, menopausal status, use of medications (antihypertensive medication, oral contraceptives, hormonal replacement therapy), hematocrit or hemoglobin, serum total calcium concentration, 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion, and γ-glutamyltransferase activity. Results. —At baseline, mean (SD) systolic/diastolic conventional blood pressure was 130 (17)/77 (9) mm Hg. The mean blood lead concentration was 0.42 μmol/L (8.7 μg/dL), and the mean zinc protoporphyrin concentration was 1.0 μg per gram of hemoglobin. Over the 5.2-year median follow-up, the mean blood lead concentration dropped by 32% (0.14 μmol/L [2.9 μg/dL]) (P Conclusions. —Lead exposure at the intensity studied (
Aesthetic Analysis of an Implant-Supported Denture at the Cleft Area

Objective To evaluate the aesthetics of an implant-supported denture at the cleft area, comparing the peri-implant tissues and prosthetic crown with the contralateral tooth. Settings Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, Bauru, São Paolo, Brazil. Patients A total of 39 individuals of both genders, with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, who received secondary alveolar bone graft and were rehabilitated with single implant-supported dentures at the area of the missing maxillary lateral incisor after completion of orthodontic treatment. Interventions The following parameters were analyzed in follow-up sessions: length and width of prosthetic crown and contralateral tooth, characteristics of implants, filling of interproximal space by the papilla, and smile height of the patients. Results The implant-supported prosthetic crowns were longer than the contralateral tooth (p < .001). Among the 78 papillae analyzed, 29 (37.17%) received a score of 3; 32 (41.02%) papillae had a score of 2; and 17 (21.79%) received a score of 1. Concerning the smile height, among the 39 patients analyzed, 23 (56.41%) had a medium smile, 15 (38.46%) had a high smile, and two (5.12%) presented a low smile. Conclusion The use of dental implants to rehabilitate the edentulous cleft area is an excellent option. However, adequate evaluation of the bone quantity and quality, positioning and shape of adjacent teeth, smile height, and patient expectations should be considered to achieve success and avoid aesthetic deformities such as elongated teeth and absence of gingival papillae.
OM Practice - Work Expands to Fill the Time Available: Capacity Estimation and Staffing Under Parkinson's Law

We develop a method to estimate the capacity of agents who answer e-mail in a contact center, given aggregate historical data that have been distorted both by constraints on work availability and by internal incentives to slow down when true capacity exceeds demand. We use the capacity estimate to find a contact center's optimal daily staffing levels. The implementation results, from an actual contact center, demonstrate that the method provides accurate staffing recommendations. We also examine and test models in which agents exhibit speed-up behavior and in which capacity varies over time. Finally, we use the capacity estimates to examine the implications of solving the staffing problem with two different model formulations, the service-level constraint formulation used by the contact center and an alternate profit-maximization formulation.
Pneumatization of the Skull Base Due to Valsalva Maneuver

Objectives We herewith report the case of a 43-year-old patient who experienced a skull base fracture associated with minimal trauma. The computed tomography scan examination showed unusual extensive pneumatization of the skull base. This patient used to perform repeated Valsalva maneuvers on a daily basis since childhood. Methods A literature search and analysis of pneumatization mechanisms was performed. Results Extensive skull base pneumatization has already been reported in patients performing daily Valsalva maneuver. Two pathogenic hypotheses are discussed: the bone cavity expansion through communicating spaces and cavitation secondary to increased intra-osseous pressure transmitted via the venous network with subsequent bone marrow ischemia. Conclusion Valsalva maneuver may be the cause of an extensive skull base pneumatization. We hypothesize that the Valsalva maneuver may induce bone marrow ischemia that may, if repeated and prolonged, lead to pneumatization.
Knowledge based prediction of ligand binding modes and rational inhibitor design for kinase drug discovery.

toward kinase inhibitor discovery, with the result that several kinase inhibitors have been approved as drugs since 2001. The commercial success of imatinib (N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)-4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-l)methyl)benzamide) has provided a clear incentive for the continued pursuit of kinase inhibitor design.
Allocating Fibers in Cable Manufacturing

We study the problem of allocating stocked fibers to made-to-order cables with the goals of satisfying due dates and reducing the costs of scrap, setup, and fiber circulation. These goals are achieved by generating remnant fibers either long enough to satisfy future orders or short enough to scrap with little waste. They are also achieved by manufacturing concatenations, in which multiple cable orders are satisfied by the production of a single cable that is afterwards cut into the constituent cables ordered. We use a function that values fibers according to length, and which can be viewed as an approximation to the optimal value function of an underlying dynamic programming problem. The daily policy that arises under this approximation is an integer program with a simple linear objective function that uses changes in fiber value to take into account the multi-period consequences of decisions. We describe our successful implementation of this integer program in the factory, summarizing our computational experience as well as realized operational improvements.
National prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkey: cross sectional study of a representative adult population

The aim of this study was to determine underweight, overweight, and obesity prevalence in representative sample of adult (≥ 18 years old) Turkish population living in urban and rural area of Turkey. Turkish citizens aged ≥ 18 who can represent adult population and permanently resident in Turkey were taken to this study in 1999–2000. The nationally representative sample population was selected from the target population using the census which was performed by national institute of statistics at 1997. Target population was 13.570 individuals living in these houses and 8674 people who aged ≥ 18 are chosen for the study. BMI was used as widely accepted diagnostic criteria of obesity. This study demonstrated that the prevalence of underweight was 10.7% in men, 5.9% in women and 8.1% for overall. The prevalence of overweight was 17.4% in men, 20.4% in women and 19% for overall. The prevalence of obesity was 7.8% in men, 22.1% in women and 15.6% for overall. The prevalence of overweight is higher (19.6%) in urban areas but prevalence of obesity is higher (17%) in rural areas of Turkey. Age, educational level and marital status seem to have association with obesity prevalence. The data we obtained showed us that while the underweight is still an issue for men, the overweight and obesity prevalence is high and needs to take early prevention steps for Turkish population.
HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and VDRL in blood donors: Prevalence and trends in the last three and a half years in a tertiary health care facility in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

The aim of this work is to evaluate the prevalence and trends of transfusion transmissible infectious agents in our blood donors. The screening records of all blood donors from January 2006 to June 2009 were evaluated with respect to screening outcome for HBsAg, anti-HIV, anti-HCV and VDRL. Rapid test kits were used for all screening. Prevalence rates were calculated for the TTIs per hundred donations. Of the total 14,500 donors bled, 7.50% were positive for HBsAg, 0.96% for anti-HIV, 0.86% for anti-HCV, and 2.61% for VDRL. There was a gradual decline in the prevalence rate of HBsAg from 9.20% in 2006, to 8.37 in 2007 and 6.25% in 2008; with a rise in the first half of 2009 to 6.32%. Similarly, HIV prevalence declined from 1.44% in 2006 to 0.94% in 2007 and 0.66% in 2008 but rose to 0.96% in the first half of 2009. HCV prevalence fluctuated throughout the period under study. Prevalence of syphilis declined from 2.93% in 2008 to 1.92% in 2009. Twenty-seven of those rejected had multiple infections. TTIs are still prevalent in our blood donors and the observed multiple co-infection in some of our donor reinforces the common route of transmission of these TTIs. Key words: Prevalence, transfusion transmissible infections, blood donors, teaching hospital, Nigeria.
Friend or Foe? Your Wearable Devices Reveal Your Personal PIN

The proliferation of wearable devices, e.g., smartwatches and activity trackers, with embedded sensors has already shown its great potential on monitoring and inferring human daily activities. This paper reveals a serious security breach of wearable devices in the context of divulging secret information (i.e., key entries) while people accessing key-based security systems. Existing methods of obtaining such secret information relies on installations of dedicated hardware (e.g., video camera or fake keypad), or training with labeled data from body sensors, which restrict use cases in practical adversary scenarios. In this work, we show that a wearable device can be exploited to discriminate mm-level distances and directions of the user’s ﬁne-grained hand movements, which enable attackers to reproduce the trajectories of the user’s hand and further to recover the secret key entries. In particular, our system conﬁrms the possibility of using embedded sensors in wearable devices, i.e., accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, to derive the moving distance of the user’s hand between consecutive key entries regardless of the pose of the hand. Our Backward PIN-Sequence Inference algorithm exploits the inherent physical constraints be-tween key entries to infer the complete user key entry sequence. Extensive experiments are conducted with over 5000 key entry traces collected from 20 adults for key-based security systems (i
Avaliação da proteção conferida pela vacina antimeningocócica BC no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil, 1990/92

Sao apresentados os resultados da avaliacao da vacina antimeningococica BC de procedencia cubana realizada com dados da vigilância epidemiologica de meningites do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, dos anos de 1990-92. A eficacia para os casos confirmados por exames bacteriologicos foi de 59% (IC de 95%: 23 a 78%) para os menores de 4 anos e de 78% (IC de 95%: 54 a 90%) para as criancas de 4 a 7 anos. Com os casos confirmados como causados por sorogrupo B, as eficacias estimadas foram maiores, mas se ampliaram os intervalos de confianca. O efeito protetor da vacina em relacao a mortalidade em criancas menores de 4 anos foi estimado em 76% (IC 95%: 41 a 91%). Outros dados apresentados sugerem que as mais baixas eficacias encontradas, quando se analisam os menores de 4 anos, decorrem da seletividade da confirmacao diagnostica que exclui os casos mais graves que morrem a poucas horas do inicio dos sintomas, associada a modificacao do curso da doenca (atenuacao) em vacinados. Por isso, indica-se a vacinacao, inclusive em menores de 4 anos, nas situacoes epidemicas.
Nonvolatile memory design based on ferroelectric FETs

Ferroelectric FETs (FEFETs) offer intriguing possibilities for the design of low power nonvolatile memories by virtue of their three-terminal structure coupled with the ability of the ferroelectric (FE) material to retain its polarization in the absence of an electric field. Utilizing the distinct features of FEFETs, we propose a 2-transistor (2T) FEFET-based nonvolatile memory with separate read and write paths. With proper co-design at the device, cell and array levels, the proposed design achieves non-destructive read and lower write power at iso-write speed compared to standard FE-RAM. In addition, the FEFET-based memory exhibits high distinguishability with six orders of magnitude difference in the read currents corresponding to the two states. Comparative analysis based on experimentally calibrated models shows significant improvement of access energy-delay. For example, at a fixed write time of 550ps, the write voltage and energy are 58.5% and 67.7% lower than FERAM, respectively. These benefits are achieved with 2.4 times the area overhead. Further exploration of the proposed FEFET memory in energy harvesting nonvolatile processors shows an average improvement of 27% in forward progress over FERAM.
Centralization of Services for Children Born with Orofacial Clefts in the United Kingdom: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Objective To examine current provision of cleft lip and/or palate services in the U.K. and compliance with recommendations made by the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) in 1998. Design Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Setting All 11 services within the U.K. providing care for children born with a cleft lip and palate. Participants Members from each healthcare specialty in each U.K. cleft team. Interventions Self-administered postal questionnaires enquired about the provision of cleft services. Data were collected about the overall cleft service, team coordination, hearing, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, primary cleft surgery, psychology, restorative dentistry, secondary surgery, specialist cleft nursing, and speech and language therapy. Results Questionnaires were returned from members of 130/150 cleft teams (87%) and these showed that U.K. cleft services have been restructured to 11 centralized services with 17 primary operative sites and 61 peripheral sites. All services provide care through a multidisciplinary (MDT) model, but the composition of each team varies. Primary cleft surgery and orthodontics were the only specialties that were represented in all cleft teams. Specialties may be represented in a team but their attendance at MDT clinics is variable. Only one team met all of the CSAG recommendations. Conclusions Our survey shows that cleft services have centralized over the last 10 years, and an MDT model of care has been adopted. Further research is needed to show how this has influenced outcomes and to see whether some models of centralized care are associated with better outcomes.
Prostatic adenocarcinoma coexisting with schistosomiasis: A case report and review of literature

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the commonest form of cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer death. Not much is known about the aetiology of prostatic cancer. We report a rare case of prostatic adenocarcinoma coexisting with schistosomiasis of the prostate, and review of literature. The association between schistosomiasis and cancer has been well documented in bladder cancer, implicating the genotoxic effect of chronic inflammatory process from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the nitrosating action of bacterial infection. There are no data yet proving the association of this disease with prostate neoplasia. The theory of the genotoxic effect of chronic inflammatory process may explain a “cause and effect” association between prostate cancer and schistosomiasis. A pertinent question therefore is, does schistosomiasis cause tumorigenesis in all tissues affected? This is the first record of prostatic schistosomiasis in association with prostatic cancer in our centre. Key words: Tropical disease, parasite, carcinoma, prostate
Understanding the Exception Handling Strategies of Java Libraries: An Empirical Study

This paper presents an empirical study whose goal was to investigate the exception handling strategies adopted by Java libraries and their potential impact on the client applications. In this study, exception flow analysis was used in combination with manual inspections in order: (i) to characterize the exception handling strategies of existing Java libraries from the perspective of their users; and (ii) to identify exception handling anti-patterns. We extended an existing static analysis tool to reason about exception flows and handler actions of 656 Java libraries selected from 145 categories in the Maven Central Repository. The study findings suggest a current trend of a high number of undocumented API runtime exceptions (i.e., @throws in Javadoc) and Unintended Handler problem. Moreover, we could also identify a considerable number of occurrences of exception handling anti-patterns (e.g. Catch and Ignore). Finally, we have also analyzed 647 bug issues of the 7 most popular libraries and identified that 20.71% of the reports are defects related to the problems of the exception strategies and anti-patterns identified in our study. The results of this study point to the need of tools to better understand and document the exception handling behavior of libraries.