Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing changes in surgical intensive care unit utilization

Objectives To determine the factors that cause changes in surgical intensive care unit (ICU) utilization. The aim was to uncover the causes of these changes and examine whether any could have been predicted statistically. Design Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected representative data. Setting University hospital adult surgical ICU. Patients A total of 6,571 consecutive patients admitted over 8 yrs. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results Changes in annual admission rates and lengths of stay were examined to determine their causes, whether they were because of structural changes caused by alterations of physical facilities, functional changes caused by changes in personnel or policies, or clinical changes caused by alterations in clinical practice. The medical literature was examined to determine whether these changes reflected medical trends. During the 8 yrs there was a steady increase in the number of admissions and a steady reduction in the length of stay. These changes in unit utilization were often not predictable statistically and were attributable to a combination of clinical, structural, and functional factors. Conclusions Surgical ICU utilization was notable for continual, and not predictable, changes. Clinical issues included new surgical techniques and anesthetic practices; structural causes included changes in bed capacity and opening an intermediate care unit; and functional factors involved changes in surgical personnel, policy revisions, and pressures to reduce ICU length of stay. This was further complicated by the observation that changes in the number of admissions were often not paralleled by similar changes in the number of patient days. This complex situation demonstrated the problems of basing predictions of future utilization on previous experiences.
Development of a Haemophilus two‐dimensional protein database

Members of the Haemophilus genus are responsible for various human infections including respiratory infections and meningitis. The complete nucleotide sequence of the Rd strain of Haemophilus influenzae has been reported and represents a valuable resource to investigate gene expression within this bacterial group. We described previously the application of two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2‐D PAGE) to characterise the proteins of Haemophilus influenzae (Cash et al., Electrophoresis 1995, 16, 135–148). We have extended these data with comparative studies of the proteins from other members of the Haemophilus genus (specifically H. parainfluenzae, H. haemolyticus and H. parahaemolyticus) to identify homologous proteins and, by extension, the genes encoding them, among these bacteria. The proteins extracted from each of these bacterial isolates were compared by coelectrophoresis to the 2‐D protein profile of the reference nontypable strain of H. influenzae (HI‐64443) used as the basis for the 2‐D protein database. A composite reference 2‐D protein profile of HI‐64443 was derived from three independent analyses of the soluble bacterial proteins. Between 21% and 37% of the HI‐64443 proteins from the reference 2‐D protein profile comigrated with proteins in the other isolates from the Haemophilus genus. This compared with 62% and 64% comigration when HI‐64443 was compared with the Eagan and Rd strains of H. influenzae, respectively. The 2‐D protein profile of the Rd strains of H. influenzae was compared to that of HI‐64443 by coelectrophoresis; 64% of the proteins detected for the Rd strain comigrated with proteins found for HI‐64443 when analysed in parallel. The capacity of 2‐D PAGE to investigate global interactions of gene expression was applied to the analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression in H. influenzae strain Eagan. A “knock‐out” mutant in the sodA gene which encodes [Mn]‐SOD was characterised with respect to proteins synthesis compared to the parental isolate. From these analyses, the primary product of sodA was provisionally identified as a protein with a molecular mass of 25 500 Da and an estimated pI of 6.55. Quantitative changes in the expression of two other proteins in the SOD mutant were detected by comparison with the parental isolate. These data are discussed in relation to the development of a 2‐D protein database for H. influenzae and related bacteria to investigate genome homologies and gene expression.
Factors Affecting Farmer's Decision in Converting the Function of Agricultural Lands

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect farmer’s decision in converting the function of their agricultural lands. The factors are: farmer’s age, education level, total number of family members, the area of agricultural lands, income, and location of agricultural land. This study is conducted in Depok sub-district, Sleman district, Yogyakarta, as an area with high rate agricultural land function conversion, marked by the decrease in the area of agricultural land. This study is conducted using survey method, with farmers who decide to convert the function of their agricultural land and farmers who do not as unit analysis. The data is analyzed using logistic regression. The analysis result shows that farmer’s age and agricultural land location have negative effect on the decision to convertagricultural land function, education level and total numbers of family members have positive effect, and the area of agricultural lands and income have no significant effect on the decision to convert the function of agricultural lands
Three-dimensional structure of murine anti-p-azophenylarsonate Fab 36-71. 2. Structural basis of hapten binding and idiotypy.

Comparison between the structures and solvent-accessible surfaces of the antigen-binding fragments of two murine anti-p-azophenylarsonate monoclonal antibodies, one bearing a major cross-reactive idiotype of A/J strain mice (36-71) and one lacking the idiotype (R19.9; Lascombe et al., 1989), highlight the structural basis for the determination of hapten affinity and idiotypy. Since the sequence of R 19.9 is identical with the germline-encoded sequence at 16 positions in both heavy-chain and light-chain variable regions where somatic mutations and junctional differences have occurred to produce the 36-71 sequence, the structure of R 19.9 can be used to model the structure of the germline-encoded antibody (36-65) in the regions around these sites. These 16 sequence differences exclude the third heavy-chain complementarity-determining region because R 19.9 utilizes a D gene segment not associated with the predominant idiotype, which is 4 residues longer than the canonical D gene segment utilized in the sequences of 36-71 and 36-65. This difference between the structures of R 19.9 and 36-71 does not affect the validity of using the structure of R 19.9 to model the structure of 36-65 since the third heavy-chain complementarity-determining region is highly solvent-exposed in both 36-71 and R 19.9, and does not interact with any of these 16 sites. Comparing the structures of 36-71 and R 19.9 suggests that only three of the differences in the heavy-chain sequences, and three of the differences in the light-chain sequences of 36-71 and 36-65, increase the affinity for hapten. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Understanding Postadoptive Behaviors in Information Systems Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of System Use Problems in the Business Intelligence Context

For an organization to gain maximum benefits from a new information system (IS), individual users in the organization must use it effectively and extensively. To do so, users need to overcome many problems associated with their system use in order to integrate the new IS into their work routines. Much remains to be learned about the types of problems that users encounter in using the new system, in particular, the root causes of system use problems and how they relate to and co-evolve with the problems over time. In this study, we seek to develop a comprehensive and dynamic view of system use problems in organizations. Using a combined method of revealed causal mapping and in-depth network analysis, we analyze nine-month archival data on user-reported problems with a new business intelligence application in a large organization. Our data analysis revealed seven emergent constructs of system use problems and causes, including reporting, data, workflow, role authorization, users' lack of knowledge, system error, and user-system interaction. The seven constructs were found to interact differentially across two usage phases (initial versus continued) and between two types of users (regular versus power user). This study contributes to advancing our theoretical understanding of postadoptive IS use by focusing on its problematic aspect. This study also suggests useful methods for organizations to effectively monitor users' system use problems over time and thus guides organizations to effectively target mechanisms to promote the use of new technologies.
A Two-week Interval Is Better Than a Three-week Interval for Reducing the Recurrence Rate of Hand-foot Viral Warts after Cryotherapy: A Retrospective Review of 560 Hand-foot Viral Warts Patients.

BACKGROUND Viral warts are a common infectious disease and liquid nitrogen cryotherapy is one of the most common methods for treatment of these warts. Hand-foot viral warts frequently recur and reduce quality of life as well. OBJECTIVE To find the ideal treatment interval between cryotherapy sessions that can influence not only the cure rate but also the recurrence rate for hand-foot viral warts. METHODS A retrospective study was designed to compare a 2 week interval and a 3 week interval between cryotherapy sessions on hand-foot viral warts with respect to cure rate, recurrence rate, treatment number, duration of treatment, mean time to recurrence and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 560 patients were enrolled. The overall cure rate was 75.7% and the recurrence rate was 19.6%. The mean time to recurrence was 7.8 months (range 1~26 months). For the 2-week and 3-week groups, cure rates were, respectively, 76.6% (196) and 75.0% (228); recurrence rates were 13.3% (26) and 25.0% (57). The mean time to recurrence was 9.8 months and 6.9 months, respectively. Adverse events were not statistically different. CONCLUSION We suggested that 2-week cryotherapy is optimal not only because of the rapid cure but also because of the lower recurrence rate and similar adverse events.
Characterization of subglacial Lake Vostok as seen from physical and isotope properties of accreted ice

Deep drilling at the Vostok Station has reached the surface of subglacial Lake Vostok (LV) twice—in February 2012 and January 2015. As a result, three replicate cores from boreholes 5G-1, 5G-2 and 5G-3 became available for detailed and revalidation analyses of the 230 m thickness of the accreted ice, down to its contact with water at 3769 m below the surface. The study reveals that the concentration of gases in the lake water beneath Vostok is unexpectedly low. A clear signature of the melt water in the surface layer of the lake, which is subject to refreezing on the icy ceiling of LV, has been discerned in the three different properties of the accreted ice: the ice texture, the isotopic and the gas content of the ice. These sets of data indicate in concert that poor mixing of the melt (and hydrothermal) water with the resident lake water and pronounced spatial and/or temporal variability of local hydrological conditions are likely to be the characteristics of the southern end of the lake. The latter implies that the surface water may be not representative enough to study LV's behaviour, and that direct sampling of the lake at different depths is needed in order to move ahead with our understanding of the lake's hydrological regime.
The Folly of Hiring Winners and Firing Losers

The standard procedure of firing losing managers and hiring winning managers based on their past three-year performance leads to losses. Investors need to look forward—not just back—when allocating to fund managers by using a measure of expected fund returns that considers factor exposures, fees, manager skill in security selection, and factor expected returns estimated based on relative valuation. As investors and their consultants gain a better understanding of the predictive efficacy of relative valuations in factor and strategy performance, they gain an objective reason to avoid the blunders of performance chasing.
Recent Advances of Isogeometric Analysis in Computational Electromagnetics

In this communication the advantages and drawbacks of the isogeometric analysis (IGA) are reviewed in the context of electromagnetic simulations. IGA extends the set of polynomial basis functions, commonly employed by the classical Finite Element Method (FEM). While identical to FEM with N\'ed\'elec's basis functions in the lowest order case, it is based on B-spline and Non-Uniform Rational B-spline basis functions. The main benefit of this is the exact representation of the geometry in the language of computer aided design (CAD) tools. This simplifies the meshing as the computational mesh is implicitly created by the engineer using the CAD tool. The curl- and div-conforming spline function spaces are recapitulated and the available software is discussed. Finally, several non-academic benchmark examples in two and three dimensions are shown which are used in optimization and uncertainty quantification workflows.
Investigation of preschool teachers perceptions, understandings, and practices related to resilience pedagogy: A qualitative single case study

iv List of Figures . x List of Tables . xi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Problem Statement . 4 Purpose of Study . 7 Research Questions . 7 Conceptual Framework . 10 Philosophical Worldview . 11 Theory of Resilience . 12 Theories of Human Behavior and Development . 13 Theory of Psychosocial Development . 14 Theory of Social Cognition . 15 Social Development Theory . 16 Attachment Theory . 17 Ecological Theory of Self-Determination . 19 Scope of Study . 21 Significance of Study . 22 Social Justice Leadership . 24 Summary . 24
Correlation of Pretransplant Donor-specific Antibody Assay Using Luminex Crossmatch with Graft Outcome in Renal Transplant Patients

The significance of pretransplant anti-human leukocyte antigen antibody levels that are detectable by more sensitive platforms (including the Luminex platform) yet undetected by complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assay remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of the donor-specific antibody (DSA) assay Luminex crossmatch and its impact on short-term renal graft outcome such as acute rejections, graft survival, and graft function. The results of pretransplant DSA-lymphocyte crossmatching (LCXM) assay in 126 renal allograft recipients whose CDCs crossmatches were negative were retrospectively analyzed for correlation with posttransplant outcomes. Of the 126 recipients, 32 (25.4%) had pretransplant DSA positive. Statistically significant association was found between DSA-LCXM positivity with 14th day estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P = 0.05), DSA Class I with 3rd (P = 0.014) and 6th month (P = 0.02) eGFR, DSA Class II with 14th day (P = 0.06) and 1st month (P = 0.10) eGFR, mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) DSA with 7th day (P = 0.08) and 14th day (P = 0.09) eGFR, and maximum MFI DSA with 7th day eGFR (P = 0.09). The posttransplant eGFR was higher at various time intervals in DSA-LCXM-negative patients as compared to DSA-positive patients. However, pretransplant DSA-LCXM results did not predict the rejection episodes, graft loss, and 1-year posttransplant 24 h urine protein. Pretransplant DSA detected by LCXM in patients with a negative CDC does not predict adverse short-term outcomes. However, the difference in posttransplant eGFR supports further investigation in long-term effects.
Direct Comparison of Flow-FISH and qPCR as Diagnostic Tests for Telomere Length Measurement in Humans

Telomere length measurement is an essential test for the diagnosis of telomeropathies, which are caused by excessive telomere erosion. Commonly used methods are terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis by Southern blot, fluorescence in situ hybridization coupled with flow cytometry (flow-FISH), and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Although these methods have been used in the clinic, they have not been comprehensively compared. Here, we directly compared the performance of flow-FISH and qPCR to measure leukocytes' telomere length of healthy individuals and patients evaluated for telomeropathies, using TRF as standard. TRF and flow-FISH showed good agreement and correlation in the analysis of healthy subjects (R2 = 0.60; p<0.0001) and patients (R2 = 0.51; p<0.0001). In contrast, the comparison between TRF and qPCR yielded modest correlation for the analysis of samples of healthy individuals (R2 = 0.35; p<0.0001) and low correlation for patients (R2 = 0.20; p = 0.001); Bland-Altman analysis showed poor agreement between the two methods for both patients and controls. Quantitative PCR and flow-FISH modestly correlated in the analysis of healthy individuals (R2 = 0.33; p<0.0001) and did not correlate in the comparison of patients' samples (R2 = 0.1, p = 0.08). Intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was similar for flow-FISH (10.8±7.1%) and qPCR (9.5±7.4%; p = 0.35), but the inter-assay CV was lower for flow-FISH (9.6±7.6% vs. 16±19.5%; p = 0.02). Bland-Altman analysis indicated that flow-FISH was more precise and reproducible than qPCR. Flow-FISH and qPCR were sensitive (both 100%) and specific (93% and 89%, respectively) to distinguish very short telomeres. However, qPCR sensitivity (40%) and specificity (63%) to detect telomeres below the tenth percentile were lower compared to flow-FISH (80% sensitivity and 85% specificity). In the clinical setting, flow-FISH was more accurate, reproducible, sensitive, and specific in the measurement of human leukocyte's telomere length in comparison to qPCR. In conclusion, flow-FISH appears to be a more appropriate method for diagnostic purposes.
The Influence of Acute Physical Activity on Working Memory

The effect of three types of physical activity on two types of working memory were investigated. Participants were 20 adult males who trained twice a week in volleyball two hours per session. Procedures included two pre and post intervention tests of working memory: the Digit span and Visual Memory Span subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised. Interventions included tactical volleyball formation, body-weight resistance exercises, 15 minutes of running, and sub-maximal aerobic activity. Volleyball activity improved memory performance to a greater extent than the other two activities. Results indicate that immediately after acute exercise there is an increase in working memory function, more evident after physical activity in which cognitive functioning is inherent.
COMMUNICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FAMILY CAREGIVING: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF UGANDAN CHILDREN ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

Summary It is important to consider the complexities of family dynamics when deciding when and how to communicate with HIV-infected children about their illness and treatment. Previous research has focused on providers’ and caregivers’ perspectives on whether, when and how to disclose HIV/AIDS diagnosis and treatment to HIV-infected children. From the perspective of HIV-infected children, communication does not mean just giving information about illness and treatment, but also encompasses emotional and material care. This paper places communication within the broader framework of caregiving in family situations. This exploratory study was conducted in Jinja district, Uganda, between November 2011 and December 2012. Through participant observation and in-depth interviews, communication by, and with, HIV-infected children in the context of family situations was explored from the perspectives of 29 HIV-infected children aged 8–17 years on antiretroviral therapy (ART) using content thematic analysis. Children’s communication with caregivers about their illness and treatment varied depending on whom they were living with and the nature of caregiving. Although a mother’s care was considered best, children described others who cared ‘like a mother’. For some, caregiving was distributed among several relatives and non-relatives, while others felt they had hardly anyone to care for them. Caregiving from the children’s perspective involved emotional support, expressed verbally and explicitly in messages of concern, encouragement conveyed in reminders to take medicines, attention when sick and confidential conversations about the challenges of having HIV and taking ART. Caregiving was also communicated implicitly in acts of provision of food/drinks to take with medicines, counting pills to confirm they had taken the medicines and accompanying children to treatment centres. Children’s communication about their health and medicines and the care they received was to a large extent shaped by the nature of their relatedness to their caregivers, the extent to which caregiving was dispersed among several people and who else in the household was infected with HIV and on medication.
Frequency and Phenotype of T Helper 17 Cells in Peripheral Blood and Synovial Fluid of Patients with Reactive Arthritis

Objective. To analyze the frequency and phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and synovial fluid mononuclear cell (SFMC) T helper (Th)17 cells in reactive arthritis (ReA). Methods. T cell surface phenotype and cytokine production were measured following stimulation, using 8-color flow cytometry. Results. The percentages of interleukin 17 (IL-17)–positive CD4+ T cells were increased in SFMC of patients with ReA compared with PBMC. All IL-17+ cells were CD4+CD45RO+; in SFMC most expressed CCR6, but only 50% expressed CCR4. IL-17+ cells sometimes coexpressed IL-22 and/or interferon-γ, but not IL-10. Conclusion. These data support the hypothesis that Th17 cells are involved in ReA pathogenesis.
The Ovary of the Gestating South American Plains Vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus): Suppressed Apoptosis and Corpora Lutea Persistence1

Abstract The South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus, displays an exceptional ovulation rate of up to 800 eggs per cycle, the highest rate recorded for a mammal. Massive polyovulation arises from the overexpression of the apoptosis-inhibiting BCL2 gene leading to a suppression of apoptotic pathways responsible for follicular atresia in mammals. We analyzed the ovarian histology, ovarian apoptosis, and apoptosis-related protein expression with special emphasis in corpora lutea throughout the 5-mo-long gestation period, at parturition day and early postpartum, in L. maximus. Corpora lutea were abundant throughout gestation with no sign of structural regression even at the end of gestation. Both immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed strong signals for apoptosis-inhibiting BCL2 protein, whereas the proapoptotic BAX protein was just detected in isolated luteal cells in gestating females and postpartum females. Apoptosis-associated DNA fragmentation detected by TUNEL was very scarce and occasional and correlated with BAX detection in luteal cells. Marked expression of progesterone and α-estrogen receptors in luteal cells was found at early, mid-, and late gestation as well as at parturition day and early postpartum samples. Additionally, serum level of progesterone increased markedly to reach maximal values at late gestation and decreasing at parturition to levels found at early gestation, suggesting that corpora lutea remained functional throughout gestation. These results point out that the unusual ovarian environment of L. maximus in which germ cell demise is abolished through antiapoptotic BCL2 gene overexpression also preserves structural integrity and functionality of corpora lutea during the whole gestation. Overexpression of antiapoptotic BCL2 gene may represent a strategy for an essential need of ovary and corpora lutea in order to maintain pregnancy until term.