Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived uncertainty as a moderator of workrelated expectancies and goals of real estate salespersons

The effect of perceived uncertainty as a moderator of work-related expectancies and goals of real-estate salespersons was examined. The effect of tenure as a moderator of these relationships was studied, as well as the effects of uncertainty and tenure on perceived dif­ ferences in the amount of effort required to meet income goals under changing economic conditions. Additionally, Kopelman’s (1977) return on effort construct was tested in an organizational setting. The results generally provided weak support or none at all for the hypothesized relationships between uncertainty, motivation, goals, effort and tenure. Possible explanations for these results were (a) unique characteristics of the population from which the sample was drawn, and (b) differences in measured dimensions of uncertainty from those previously reported in the literature (Ferris, 1978). A sup­ plementary analysis and discussion of results is found in Appendix B. Post hoc analysis of the data suggested that ability and attributional strategies are moderators of the relationships between uncertainty, motivation, goals, effort and tenure. Uncertainty and Motivation
Influence of global rotation and Reynolds number on the large-scale features of a turbulent Taylor–Couette flow

We experimentally study the turbulent flow between two coaxial and independently rotating cylinders. We determined the scaling of the torque with Reynolds numbers at various angular velocity ratios (Rotation numbers) and the behavior of the wall shear stress when varying the Rotation number at high Reynolds numbers. We compare the curves with particle image velocimetry analysis of the mean flow and show the peculiar role of perfect counter-rotation for the emergence of organized large scale structures in the mean part of this very turbulent flow that appear in a smooth and continuous way: the transition resembles a supercritical bifurcation of the secondary mean flow.
The effect of soil redistribution on soil organic carbon : an experimental study

Abstract. Soil erosion, transport and deposition by water drastically affect the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) within a landscape. Furthermore, soil redistribution is assumed to have a large impact on the exchange of carbon (C) between the pedosphere and the atmosphere. There is, however, significant scientific disagreement concerning the relative importance of the key-mechanisms at play. One of the major uncertainties concerns the fraction of SOC that is mineralized when soil is eroded by water, from the moment when detachment takes place until the moment when the SOC becomes protected by burial. In this study, the changes in C-exchange between soil and atmosphere as affected by soil redistribution processes were experimentally quantified. During a laboratory experiment, three types of erosional events were simulated, each of which was designed to produce a different amount of eroded soil material with a different degree of aggregation. During a 98-day period, CO2-efflux was measured in-situ and under field conditions on undisturbed soils with a layer of deposited soil material. Depending on the initial conditions of the soil and the intensity of the erosion process, a significant fraction of eroded SOC was mineralized after deposition. However, results also suggest that deposition produces a dense stratified layer of sediment that caps the soil surface, leading to a decrease in SOC decomposition in deeper soil layers. As a result, the net effect of erosion on SOC can be smaller, depending on the functioning of the whole soil system. In this study, soil redistribution processes contributed an additional emission of 2 to 12% of total C contained in eroded sediment.
Enhancement of AGN in a protocluster at z=1.6

We investigate the prevalence of AGN in the high-redshift protocluster Cl 0218.3–0510 at z = 1.62. Using imaging from the Chandra X-ray Telescope, we find a large overdensity of AGN in the protocluster; a factor of 23±9 times the field density of AGN. Only half of this AGN overdensity is due to the overdensity of massive galaxies in the protocluster (a factor of 11±2), as we find that 17+6−5% of massive galaxies (M∗ > 1010M⊙) in the protocluster host an X-ray luminous AGN, compared to 8±1% in the field. This corresponds to an enhancement of AGN activity in massive protocluster galaxies by a factor of 2.1±0.7 at 1.6s significance. We also find that the AGN overdensity is centrally concentrated, located within 3 arcmin and most pronounced within 1 arcmin of the centre of the protocluster. Our results confirm that there is a reversal in the local anti-correlation between galaxy density and AGN activity, so there is an enhancement of AGN in high-redshift protoclusters. We compare the properties of AGN in the protocluster to the field and find no significant differences in the distributions of their stellar mass, X-ray luminosity, or hardness ratio. We therefore suggest that triggering mechanisms are similar in both environments, and that the mechanisms simply occur more frequently in denser environments.
Patient Navigation through the Justice System: A Response to the High Infant Mortality Rate in One Community

The purpose of this evaluative study was two-fold; one was to evaluate a grant supported program that used the justice system to offer patient navigation services and the second goal was to provide a qualitative evaluation of the women’s health care experiences as they went through a court mandated drug program. Primary data was obtained from interviews with forty-seven program participants (n=47) from March, 2008 until January, 2010, and participant observation was used to explore treatment modalities and options available to these women. Secondary data was obtained from program staff as well as a review of the survey evaluation process by the staff where data was collected through participant surveys. The findings suggest that poor outcomes for the women and their children are related to socioeconomic and/or behavioral barriers that produce difficulties forging successful relationships with traditional health care providers. When interventions that promote advocacy and empowerment are in place, there seems to be an improvement in outcomes for the mothers and their children.
Partitioning CO2 net ecosystem exchange fluxes on the microsite scale in the Lena River Delta, Siberia

Abstract. Arctic tundra ecosystems are currently facing rates of amplified climate change. This is critical as these ecosystems store significant amounts of carbon in their soils, which can be mineralized to CO2 and CH4 and released to the atmosphere. To understand how the CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE) fluxes will react to changing climatic conditions, it is necessary to understand the individual responses of the physiological processes contributing to CO2 NEE. Therefore, this study aimed: (i) to partition NEE fluxes at the soil-plant-atmosphere interface in an arctic tundra ecosystem; and (ii) to identify the main environmental drivers of these fluxes. Hereby, the NEE fluxes were partitioned into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) and further into autotrophic (RA) and heterotrophic respiration (RH). The study examined flux data collected during the growing season in 2015 using closed chamber measurements in a polygonal tundra landscape in the Lena River Delta, northeastern Siberia. The measured fluxes on the microscale (1 m–10 m) were used to model the NEE, GPP, Reco, RH, RA and net ecosystem production (NPP) over the growing season. Here, for the first time, the differing response of in situ measured RA and RH fluxes from permafrost-affected soils to hydrological conditions have been examined. It was shown that low RA fluxes are associated to a high water table, most likely due to the submersion of mosses, while an effect of water table fluctuations on RH fluxes was not observed. Furthermore, this work found the polygonal tundra in the Lena River Delta to be a sink for atmospheric CO2 during the growing season. Spatial heterogeneity was apparent with the net CO2 uptake at a wet, depressed polygon center being more than twice as high as that measured at a drier polygon rim. In addition to higher GPP fluxes, the differences in NEE between the two microsites were caused by lower Reco fluxes at the center compared to the rim. Here, the contrasting hydrological conditions caused the CO2 flux differences between the microsites, where high water levels lad to lower decomposition rates due to anoxic conditions.
Tectonic structure, evolution, and the nature of oceanic core complexes and their detachment fault zones (13°20′N and 13°30′N, Mid Atlantic Ridge)

Microbathymetry data, in situ observations, and sampling along the 13°20′N and 13°20′N oceanic core complexes (OCCs) reveal mechanisms of detachment fault denudation at the seafloor, links between tectonic extension and mass wasting, and expose the nature of corrugations, ubiquitous at OCCs. In the initial stages of detachment faulting and high‐angle fault, scarps show extensive mass wasting that reduces their slope. Flexural rotation further lowers scarp slope, hinders mass wasting, resulting in morphologically complex chaotic terrain between the breakaway and the denuded corrugated surface. Extension and drag along the fault plane uplifts a wedge of hangingwall material (apron). The detachment surface emerges along a continuous moat that sheds rocks and covers it with unconsolidated rubble, while local slumping emplaces rubble ridges overlying corrugations. The detachment fault zone is a set of anostomosed slip planes, elongated in the along‐extension direction. Slip planes bind fault rock bodies defining the corrugations observed in microbathymetry and sonar. Fault planes with extension‐parallel stria are exposed along corrugation flanks, where the rubble cover is shed. Detachment fault rocks are primarily basalt fault breccia at 13°20′N OCC, and gabbro and peridotite at 13°30′N, demonstrating that brittle strain localization in shallow lithosphere form corrugations, regardless of lithologies in the detachment zone. Finally, faulting and volcanism dismember the 13°30′N OCC, with widespread present and past hydrothermal activity (Semenov fields), while the Irinovskoe hydrothermal field at the 13°20′N core complex suggests a magmatic source within the footwall. These results confirm the ubiquitous relationship between hydrothermal activity and oceanic detachment formation and evolution.
The R&D of Norwegian Firms: an Empirical Analysis

This thesis aims at investigating the determinants and the effects of R&D investments in a panel data of Norwegian medium and large firms from year 1995 to 2005. There is evidence of cash constraints in the R&D expenditures, but they were less strong for beginning R&D. There is an almost proportional relationship between R&D and sales, suggesting that the externality reduction and the economies of scale for big firms are likely as strong as the alleged diminishing returns to scale and the burocratic inefficiencies of large organizations. Firms of low-intensive sectors rely much more on sales and liquidity than the high-intensive sectors. Being foreign does not have a significant impact on R&D if the firm invests, but it has a negative impact on the probability of investing, suggesting the existence of sunk costs in beginning R&D. It can be shown that R&D Granger-causes physical investment, while the opposite does not hold. This confirms the story of Lach-Schankerman and Lach-Rob, who see R&D as a random innovation process that creates innovations randomly. These, in order to be profitable, must be embodied in physical capital. R&D has some effects in increasing sales volume, while it does not show significant effects on profitability. In the high-intensive sectors, anyway, these relations seem stronger. This analysis can convey policy implications, especially for the sunk costs argument and the foreign ownership.
Knowledge Creation, Organizational Learning and Their Effects on Organizational Performance

Knowledge has become one of the most important intangible assets for the company in the current competitive environment (Nonaka, 1994; Hunt, 1995; Grant, 1996; Hunt & Morgan, 1996; Teece, 1998; Lee & Sukoco, 2007; Li et al., 2009), being of particular importance knowledge creation processes within an organization (Nonaka, 1994; Nonaka & Konno, 1998; Nonaka et al., 2000) to achieve long-term competitive advantage (Nevis et al., 1995; Davenport & Prusack, 1997; Chow et al., 2000; Gold et al., 2001; Lin & Lee, 2004; Hicks et al., 2007). Furthermore, learning is at the heart of corporate governance and it has become the essence of productive activity that has new rules, new boundaries and new ways of behaving (Garcia et al., 2009). Thus, one of the strategic values of an organization lies in becoming a "learning organization". These organizations have an enterprise architecture that converts the firm into a place of learning, so the organization can make appropriate approaches to changing environment (Kogut & Zander, 1996; Garcia et al., 2007). The concept of knowledge management involves managing the learning processes of individual and collective members of an organization. Therefore, it includes organizational learning (related to the creation of new knowledge), and most processes related to the acquisition of knowledge from outside, dissemination, storage and exploitation of knowledge at the firm (Day, 1992; Garcia et al., 2009). So this paper analyzes how the 4 modes of knowledge conversion model proposed in the "knowledge creating organization " (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995): Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization (SECI) affect organizational learning and the results of the organization. Analyzing a sample of 284 Spanish companies, we propose a model to analyze this relationship. The results show (1) a positive relation between the modes of knowledge creation, (2) knowledge creation influences organizational learning as an essential part of Knowledge Management (Garcia et al., 2007; Garcia et al., 2009), (3) knowledge creation and organizational learning can create a new approach of continuous improvement leading to the increase of organizational performance (Senge, 1990; Peters, 1992). http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.ee. 22.3. 521
Talent Management and Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study in Retail Sector in Sylhet City, Bangladesh

This study aims to investigate relationship between talent management and organization performance in Sylhet city, Bangladesh. Data have been collected form the employees of retail stores located in Sylhet city using structured close ended questionnaire adapting convenience sampling technique. Correlation was applied to investigate the relationship. The results show the components of talent management such as employee attraction, selection, engagement and retention have positive relationship with the performance of retail sectors in Sylhet city, Bangladesh. Employee development is identified negatively related with retail sector performance.
Exit Strategies and Trade Dynamics in Repo Markets

How can a central bank control interest rates in an environment with large excess reserves? In this paper, we develop a dynamic general equilibrium model of a secured money market and calibrate it to the Swiss franc repo market to study this question. The theoretical model allows us to identify the factors that determine demand and supply of central bank reserves, the money market rate and trading activity in the money market. In addition, we simulate various instruments that a central bank can use to exit from unconventional monetary policy. These instruments are assessed with respect to the central bank's ability to control the money market rate, their impact on the trading activity and the operational costs of an exit. All exit instruments allow central banks to attain an interest rate target. However, the trading activity differs significantly among the instruments and central bank bills and reverse repos are the most cost-effective.
THE ROLE OF FIRST LANGUAGE IN EFL CLASSROOM

This paper gives an overview of some of basic arguments of the use of L1 in L2 classroom, either against or in favor of it, and will particularly review the use of L1 in classroom of EFL adult learners in Indonesia. Despite to opponent arguments of L1 use, there are a number of proponent arguments from ESL/EFL professionals of its use. They argue that L1 use is beneficial for both teacher and student if it isused appropriately at appropriate times. The use of L1 in classroom is particularly helpful for teacher when helping engender security, conveying meaning of words, checking for comprehension, and or explaining grammatical rules.
Decomposition of Differences in Income Distributions Using Quantile Regression

Abstract The paper deals with microeconometric techniques useful for the study of differences between groups of objects, methods that go beyond simple comparison of average values. Techniques for the decomposition of differences in distributions by constructing counterfactual distributions were considered. Using the Machado-Mata quantile regression approach the empirical decomposition of the inequalities in income distributions of one-person households in urban and rural areas was performed. We employed data from the Household Budget Survey for Poland in 2012. It was found that the tendency towards increased income inequalities between urban and rural residents when moving to the right of the income distribution can be observed. The rural residents are at a disadvantage. The decomposition of the inequalities revealed a growing share of the part explained by different characteristics of people and a declining share of the unexplained part, associated with the evaluation of those characteristics.
La alegría de los huevos de Pascua y el dolor de las manos entumecidas : el aumento y la limitación de la realidad a través de los videojuegos

Becoming immersed in a world where our perception of reality is highly mediated allows for the creation of an audiovisual lexicon that expands over many platforms and times. In this context we might observe the case of video games which, as a medium, does not limit themselves to the creation of puzzles to be solved, to pretend participation in the Rock and Roll world, or lead us to unexpected damages to our “flesh”. Games allow us different levels of enjoyment and also lead us to discover the physical limits of our bodies within the expansion of our senses. Furthermore, hidden in many of these games we discover many hints, influences, remnants, appropriations and quotes, expanding the web of signs and significations far beyond the limits of the games themselves. However, the extent and consequences of video games as entertainment and communicational devices surpasses 1 Universidad del Norte, Colombia. ejongbloed@uninorte.edu. co 2 University of Siegen, Alemania. tobias.scholz@uni-siegen.de 3 Universidad de La Sabana, Colombia. hernanem@unisabana.edu. co
Analysis of particulate emissions from tropical biomass burning using aglobal aerosol model and long-term surface observations

Abstract. We use the GLOMAP global aerosol model evaluated against observations of surface particulate matter (PM2.5) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) to better understand the impacts of biomass burning on tropical aerosol over the period 2003 to 2011. Previous studies report a large underestimation of AOD over regions impacted by tropical biomass burning, scaling particulate emissions from fire by up to a factor of 6 to enable the models to simulate observed AOD. To explore the uncertainty in emissions we use three satellite-derived fire emission datasets (GFED3, GFAS1 and FINN1). In these datasets the tropics account for 66–84 % of global particulate emissions from fire. With all emission datasets GLOMAP underestimates dry season PM2.5 concentrations in regions of high fire activity in South America and underestimates AOD over South America, Africa and Southeast Asia. When we assume an upper estimate of aerosol hygroscopicity, underestimation of AOD over tropical regions impacted by biomass burning is reduced relative to previous studies. Where coincident observations of surface PM2.5 and AOD are available we find a greater model underestimation of AOD than PM2.5, even when we assume an upper estimate of aerosol hygroscopicity. Increasing particulate emissions to improve simulation of AOD can therefore lead to overestimation of surface PM2.5 concentrations. We find that scaling FINN1 emissions by a factor of 1.5 prevents underestimation of AOD and surface PM2.5 in most tropical locations except Africa. GFAS1 requires emission scaling factor of 3.4 in most locations with the exception of equatorial Asia where a scaling factor of 1.5 is adequate. Scaling GFED3 emissions by a factor of 1.5 is sufficient in active deforestation regions of South America and equatorial Asia, but a larger scaling factor is required elsewhere. The model with GFED3 emissions poorly simulates observed seasonal variability in surface PM2.5 and AOD in regions where small fires dominate, providing independent evidence that GFED3 underestimates particulate emissions from small fires. Seasonal variability in both PM2.5 and AOD is better simulated by the model using FINN1 emissions. Detailed observations of aerosol properties over biomass burning regions are required to better constrain particulate emissions from fires.
Productivity in the Small Manufacturing Enterprises: Determinants and Policy Issues

The role of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in employment creation is widely acknowledged. But their contribution to national income is questioned because of their low productivity. The present paper tries to identify important determinants of productivity level in Small Manufacturing Enterprises (SMEs) and suggest appropriate policies for augmenting productivity levels therein. Factors like technology, access to resources and inputs, general macroeconomic atmosphere, etc. emerge as important determinants of productivity. A close association between productivity levels and emolument per worker is also observed. Policies for proper development of these enterprises should include technological upgradation, better access to land ownership and formal credit system, improvement of general economic condition of the states, ensuring remunerative wages and better working conditions etc. For best results, a targeted approach is recommended and for that Focus groups, both at National and State level, have been identified. A co-ordinated approach is the need of the hour.
Multi-epoch radio imaging of γ-ray Nova V959 Mon

V959 Mon (Nova Mon 2012) was first detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope in June 2012, as a transient gamma-ray source. Subsequent optical observations showed that this gamma-ray emission was due to a classical nova explosion. Multifrequency observations of V959 Mon with the Very Large Array (VLA) between 2012 June and September revealed dramatic brightening, and a spectrum that steepened with increasing frequency. High-resolution radio images of V959 Mon using e-MERLIN are presented here, at six epochs between 2012 September and 2014 February that show morphological evolution of the source. While early e-MERLIN observations of V959 Mon showan east–west elongation in the ejecta morphology, subsequent observations suggest that the ejecta become elongated in the north–south direction. Our high-resolution observations of this surprising evolution in the structure of V959 Mon can assist us in further understanding the behaviour and morphology of nova ejecta.