Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inpatient Hospital Costs for Celiac Disease in the United States in 2014

Celiac disease (CD) is a rare autoimmune disease that affects approximately 0.5 to1% of the United States (U.S.) population. Patients with CD have gastrointestinal disturbances resulting from eating gluten. The only treatment therapy available is maintaining a strict gluten free diet. Currently, there is not much published data detailing the direct cost of CD in the U.S. This study analyzed direct inpatient hospitalization costs of CD in the U.S. The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPnet) was analyzed to determine the number of discharges, mean length of stay, mean cost per hospitalization, and total expenditures of several patient demographics in the U.S. for the year 2014. There were 805 discharges in 2014 in the U.S. The mean cost per hospitalization was $9,247 (SD $17,732) and the mean length of stay was 4.9 days. The aggregate cost of celiac in the in 2014 was $7,413,355 (SD $23,320,823). Different patient demographics resulted in variable costs and length of stay for patients. The mean cost of hospitalization for CD was lower than that of the general population in the across all disease states. With no approved cures or treatment, CD will contribute to health expenditures in the U.S. for the foreseeable future.
Big Data Technology and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The emerging big data technical revolution has brought new opportunities for TCM modernization. By focusing on integrity,promoting diversity and highlighting relevance big data provides a practical methodology for TCM modernization. By quantifying the world and data mining big data provides operational techniques for TCM knowledge systematization. By legalizing data law big data provides a reasonable and legitimate path to achieve TCM modernization.
Vitamin D: Which Way are we Headed?

The first scientific description of vitamin D-deficiency, namely rickets, was provided in the 17th century by both Dr. Daniel Whistler (1645) and Professor Francis Glisson (1650). In 1919 Mellan by proposed that rickets is due to the absence of a fat-soluble dietary factor and in 1925 McCollum and co-workers named theantirachitic factor Vitamin D [1]. For decades vitamin D remained under the domain of pediatricians and orthopaedic surgeons for the treatment of rickets and osteomalacia. In later part of the last century, the management of osteoporosis brought vitamin D in the forefront and since then has occupied the minds of the health care givers, patients and the general population at large. In the last 30 years more 53000 papers world over and 214 from Saudi Arabia are cited in www.pubmed. gov [2] related to Vitamin D and search in Google on “Vitamin D” gave 62,400,000 active sites [3].
Kent Markası ve Marka İmajının Ölçümü : Afyonkarahisar Kenti İmajı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Bu calismada bir kentin marka olmasinin gerekleri ve boyutlari ile bir kent markasinin imaji ele alinmistir. Bir kentin imajini olusturan unsurlar ayni zamanda o kent markasinin nasil algilandigini belirleyen unsurlardir. Bu amacla Afyon kentinin fiziksel, soyut ve kent halkina iliskin imaj unsurlarina iliskin algi olculmustur. Afyonlu olmayan ve bu kentte yasamayan 1072 kisi ile yuz yuze anket yontemi ile veri toplanmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore Afyon kentinin marka olmaya en yakin kentsel urunleri, kaymak, sucuk, sekerleme, termal ve tarihi kalesi olarak tespit edilmistir. Ayrica kentin marka olmak icin sahip oldugu avantajlar siralanmistir.
Trends and Gaps in National Blood Transfusion Services — 14 Sub-Saharan African Countries, 2014–2016

Ensuring availability of safe blood products through recruitment of voluntary, nonremunerated, blood donors (VNRDs) and prevention of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis, is important for public health (1,2). During 2004–2016, the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) provided approximately $468 million in financial support and technical assistance* to 14 sub-Saharan African countries† with high HIV prevalence to strengthen national blood transfusion services (NBTSs)§ and improve blood safety and availability. CDC analyzed these countries’ 2014–2016 blood safety surveillance data to update previous reports (1,2) and summarize achievements and programmatic gaps as some NBTSs begin to transition funding and technical support from PEPFAR to local ministries of health (MOHs) (2,3). Despite a 60% increase in blood supply since 2004 and steady declines in HIV prevalence (to <1% among blood donors in seven of the 14 countries), HIV prevalence among blood donors still remains higher than that recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) (4). PEPFAR support has contributed to significant reductions in HIV prevalence among blood donors in the majority of PEPFAR-supported countries, and linking donors who screen HIV-positive to confirmatory testing and indicated treatment, as well as further reducing TTIs, remains a public health priority (5).
Impact of BMI and Gender on Outcomes in DLBCL Patients Treated with R-CHOP: A Pooled Study from the LYSA

In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aaIPI) score is currently used to predict patient outcomes and to choose the best therapeutic treatment. Body mass index (BMI) and gender are occasionally sited as prognostic factors; however, their value has never been studied in a large series of patients included in prospective clinical trials in the rituximab era. To assess the impact of BMI and gender on OS and PFS independently of the aaIPI score, we pooled 985 patients that were prospectively included in GELA studies and uniformly treated with R-CHOP. Univariate analysis indicated that high aaIPI and male gender were associated with a worse PFS, whereas high (>25) or low (<18.5) BMI scores were not. High aaIPI score was the only factor predictive for OS. In a multivariate analysis, including aaIPI score, gender, BMI, and interaction between BMI and gender, aaIPI remained the strongest predictive factor, and BMI < 18.5 was significantly associated with a worse OS but not PFS. In conclusion, in the rituximab era, the aaIPI score remains the major predictor of outcome in DLBCL patients; however, male gender and low BMI seem to impact outcome.
Performance Analysis for Multihop Full-Duplex IoT Networks Subject to Poisson Distributed Interferers

Multihop relaying is a fundamental technology that will enable connectivity in large-scale networks such as those encounted in Internet of Things applications. However, the end-to-end transmission rate decreases dramatically as the number of hops increases when half-duplex (HD) relaying is employed. In this paper, we investigate the outage probability and symbol-error rate for both HD and full-duplex (FD) transmission schemes in multihop networks subject to interference from randomly distributed third-party devices. We model the locations of the interfering devices as a Poisson point process. We derive a closed-form expression for the outage probability and approximations for the symbol-error rate for HD and FD transmissions employing BPSK and QPSK. The symbol-error rate results are obtained by using a Markov chain model for the multihop decode-and-forward links. This model accurately accounts for the nonlinear dynamical nature of the network, whereby erroneous symbol decoding can be “corrected” by a second erroneous decoding operation later in the network. We verify the analytical results through simulations and show the HD and FD schemes can be utilized to reduce the error-rate and outage probability of the system according to different residual self-interference levels and interferer densities. The results provide clear guidelines for implementing HD and FD in multihop networks.
Arterial stiffness in hyperthyroid patients is deteriorated due to thyroid hormones

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare arterial stiffness, which is an independent risk indicator for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), between patients with overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism by antithyroid therapy and healthy volunteers with pulse wave analysis (PWA). Subjects and methods A total of 102 volunteers were included in the study (30 in the overt hyperthyroid group, 28 in the subclinical hyperthyroid group and 14 with euthyroidism by antithyroid therapy and 30 healthy). The arterial stiffness measurements of the participants in the study were performed with the Mobil-O-Graph PWA device (I.E.M. GmBH, Stolberg, Germany), which makes cuff based oscillometric measurement from the brachial artery. Results Systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, central systolic blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate-corrected augmentation index (Aix@75) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements were significantly higher in the hyperthyroid group than in the control group. The heart rate and PWV in the subclinical hyperthyroid group were significantly higher than the control group. In the euthyroid group, systolic blood pressure, central systolic blood pressure, cardiac output, cardiac index and PWV were found significantly higher than the control group. There was also a negative correlation between Aix@75 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and a positive correlation between Aix@75 and free thyroid hormones. Conclusion In our study, we observed that the arterial stiffness was adversely affected by an overt or subclinical increase in thyroid hormones and this correlated with thyroid hormone levels. We recommend that PWV measurement, which is a simple method for detecting CVD risk, can be used in these patients.
Unifying dimensions in coherence relations: How various annotation frameworks are related

Abstract In this paper, we show how three often used and seemingly different discourse annotation frameworks – Penn Discourse Treebank (PDTB), Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), and Segmented Discourse Representation Theory – can be related by using a set of unifying dimensions. These dimensions are taken from the Cognitive approach to Coherence Relations and combined with more fine-grained additional features from the frameworks themselves to yield a posited set of dimensions that can successfully map three frameworks. The resulting interface will allow researchers to find identical or at least closely related relations within sets of annotated corpora, even if they are annotated within different frameworks. Furthermore, we tested our unified dimension (UniDim) approach by comparing PDTB and RST annotations of identical newspaper texts and converting their original end label annotations of relations into the accompanying values per dimension. Subsequently, rates of overlap in the attributed values per dimension were analyzed. Results indicate that the proposed dimensions indeed create an interface that makes existing annotation systems “talk to each other. ”
Prediction of Emergency Department Re-Visits in Older Patients by the Identification of Senior at Risk (ISAR) Screening

The “Identification of Seniors at Risk” (ISAR) screening is a tool to identify seniors at risk of adverse outcomes. We investigated whether seniors with a positive ISAR screening have an increased risk of Emergency Department (ED) re-visits and health-service costs. In a pilot project, we enrolled 96 ED patients (≥70 years) who received an ISAR screening in the ED. We compared the rate of ED re-visits and in-hospital costs between ISAR positive (≥2 pts) and ISAR negative (<2 pts) patients. In some patients, a geriatrician performed a single Geriatric Consultation (GC) during the ED stay to assess older patients’ needs.32% of the study population had an unplanned ED re-visit (31 of 96). Fifty patients were ISAR positive (52%) and showed an increased risk of ED re-visits compared with ISAR negative patients (dds ratio (OR) 6.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2–21.0, p = 0.001). The positive ISAR screening tool fairly predicted ED re-visits in seniors (area under the curve (AUC) 0.711). A single GC during the ED stay did not reduce the risk of unplanned ED re-visits in ISAR positive patients (p = 0.80) ISAR positive patients with GC did not have higher in-hospital costs than ISAR negative patients without GC. Based on these findings, we aim to establish a comprehensive outpatient geriatric assessment program to identify relevant risk factors for ED re-visits and to recommend preventive strategies in ISAR positive ED seniors.
Robust control design of power system stabilizers using multivariable frequency domain techniques

H/sub infinity / and structured singular value optimization techniques are used to design robust power system stabilizers (PSSs) for a single-machine and a two-machine system with varying operating conditions. Realistic uncertainty models to represent the possible operating conditions as perturbations from a nominal condition are developed. System experience is used to select weighting functions to provide adequate damping and shape the controller frequency response. Computer simulations show that the PSS designed by using the proposed technique provides improved damping compared with a conventional PSS. Although the design is successful, the design process could benefit from the development of more systematic techniques for the selection of weights to shape controller frequency response, to affect closed-loop damping, and to eliminate controller right-half-plane zeros. <<ETX>>
Preventive rehabilitation in patients treated with chemoradiation for advanced head and neck cancer

Lisette van der Molen onderzocht twee preventieve slik- en kauwrevalidatiemethoden. Ze deed dit bij patienten met een kwaadaardige tumor in het hoofd-halsgebied die worden behandeld met chemotherapie en bestraling. Een intensief programma van slik- en kauwspieroefeningen is goed uitvoerbaar en de therapietrouw blijft hoog. Deze preventieve revalidatie lijkt de slik- en kaakproblemen te beperken en vermindert stem- en spraakproblemen. De methode is opgenomen in het nieuwe hoofd-halsrevalidatieprogramma dat de promovendus in het NKI-AVL ontwikkelde.
Flockfs: A Moderated Collaboration System for Weakly Connected Workgroups

by Nathan James Regola Collaborative file systems allow workgroups to share files. They can be used for a variety of purposes. For example, they can be used to share source code among a team of programmers, to produce a written report or to share multimedia contents that will later be assembled into a movie for a film course. Simultaneous modifications of the same file can either be addressed by requiring all other users to wait for updates to be completed or by using optimistic protocols that allow each user to independently operate on the various components of the project without cooperation with other group members. Optimistic protocols require a separate reconciliation of conflicting updates. Recent analysis of empirical wireless user availability data shows that users are migrating towards smaller session durations and larger duration between sessions. When users are away from the network, they can potentially create many more updates that will lead to a higher number of conflicts when they resume their network connection and the local file system attempts reconciliation with other nodes. I show that prior group collaboration systems that either used centralized or distributed approaches achieve poor performance. I show that maintaining a single shared copy is untenable for these weakly connected workgroups. Instead, I develop a moderated collaboration mechanism Nathan James Regola called flockfs that maintains multiple copies of the shared object. Moderation operations are similar to manual reconciliation operations in Coda and Ficus except that the moderator incorporates updates from all the other group members into their copy. flockfs maintains one updateable copy of the shared content on each group member’s node. It also hoards read-only copies of each of these updateable copies in any interested group member’s node. For a group of size n, flockfs can potentially maintain one updateable copy (the author) and (n − 1) read-only copies (from other users in the collaboration group). The various document versions will eventually converge into a single version through successive moderations. I show that flockfs avoids many of the problems of prior systems. Except for small groups, my distributed approach achieves similar performance as a server based system. My prototype exhibits acceptable file system performance and update propagation latency. To my late uncle Thomas Regola, an electrical engineer who introduced me to computers.
Feeding Options and Antiretroviral Prophylaxis among Exposed Infants in Bida, North Central Nigeria

Background: Breastfeeding is a major health promoting factor in infants and children in developing countries, but the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV by this route is challenging traditional and health policies in low resource countries. Aims: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of feeding options and infant antiretroviral prophylaxis on transmission of HIV in Bida North Central Nigeria. Patients and methods: we reviewed a total of Four hundred and fourteen (414) HIV exposed infants whose dried blood spot (DBS) samples were taken for DNA PCR test between May 2011 and July 2013 and whose parents are on antiretroviral therapy and for whom a complete set of records were available. Results: The most prevalent feeding option was mixed feeding 250(60.4%) followed by exclusive breastfeeding 84(20.3%) and exclusive formula feeding 80(19.3%). The HIV transmission rate is higher among mixed feeding 17.6% followed by exclusive breastfeeding 7.1% and exclusive formula feeding 5.0%. HIV transmission rate of 6.0% was observed for infants that were on antiretroviral prophylaxis and 43.6% for infants who were not on antiretroviral prophylaxis. Conclusion: The study shows the benefits of exclusive formula feeding and the intake of antiretroviral prophylaxis in reducing HIV transmission through breastfeeding.
Employee Engagement, Job Satisfaction and Demographic Relationship: An Empirical Study of Private Sector Bank Managers

The purpose of the study is to analyse how enhancing engagement could create a compelling competitive advantage for organizations creating quality workforce and further, research attempts to find, whether there exist differences among employee engagement dimensions. The study was administered on 88 Managers who were representatives of 4 private sector banks in Delhi/NCR. Variables in the study were assessed using a validated Instrument. Descriptive Statistics, One-Way Anova, Independent t-test and Regression was used for data analysis. Indian banking sector has undergone remarkable change in its operations in the last few decades. Due to extremely competitive scenario; it is pertinent to note that banks need to differentiate themselves from each other. They need to have employees who have zeal to work and strive to take their organization to greater heights. The concept of engagement has achieved widespread attention internationally, as when employees are engaged at work they exhibit greater workplace performance. The results of the study revealed that there exists a statistically significant relation between employee engagement and job satisfaction. Also, demographic variables do not statistically significant impact over employee engagement and job satisfaction.
The Long-Term Prognosisc of Hronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Coronary Stenting

Background: The effect of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the long-term prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing coronary stenting was less studied. Methods: We enrolled 2,511 patients with nonvalvular AF undergoing coronary stenting between January 2010 and June 2015 from 12 hospitals in Results: 22.9% had CKD (creatinine clearance <60ml/min). Compared to those with preserved renal function, patients with CKD were older, and had the higher prevalence of women, hypertension, previous ischemic stroke, cardiac dysfunction, and anemia. All patients were treated with drug-eluting stents. Dual antiplatelet therapy was the dominant antithrombotic strategy in both groups (96.0% vs. 93.9%, P=0.054). The follow-up duration was 39.5±18.6 months. Complete follow-up data was obtained for 95.3% of this cohort. CKD group had higher incidences of death (19.0% vs. 6.9%, P<0.001), ischemic stroke (5.5% vs. 3.3%, P=0.020), MACCE (a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, ischemic stroke and arterial thromboembolism, 28.2% vs. 14.7%, P<0.001) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) ≥ grade 3 (2.4% vs. 0.8%, P=0.003). No significant difference was noted with regard to myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization. Cox multivariate regression identified CKD as an independent risk factor for all-cause death (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.85, 95%CI: 1.37-2.50), MACCE (HR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.25-1.96) and BARC ≥3 bleeding (HR: 3.14, 95%CI: 1.49-6.61), but not for ischemic stroke (HR: 1.10, 95%CI: 0.67-1.79). Conclusion: CKD was independently associated with poor long-term prognosis except for ischemic stroke in patients with AF and coronary stenting.
A survey of antipsychotic polypharmacy in outpatients at Nagoya University Hospital

Purpose: Antipsychotic polypharmacy has been utilized frequently in the clinical setting despite lack of evidence for its safety or efficacy. In an effort to promote the optimal use of antipsychotic medication, we examined the current state of antipsychotic polypharmacy and the use of excessive doses in outpatients with schizophrenia. Method: The subjects of this study were schizophrenia patients who received oral antipsychotic medications from 1997 to 2007. The patient characteristics and prescription profiles, as well as the dosages, for all medications were obtained from the patients' medical charts. Psychotropic medications were classified into five categories: antipsychotics, antiparkinsonian agents, anxiolytics/sedative hypnotics, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers. The frequency of use and the equivalent doses of each psychotropic drug were summarized and used for correlation analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine. Results: Sixty-four percent of patients on antipsychotic pharmacotherapy received a single antipsychotic drug, and 36% received two or more. Among the 527 patients on monotherapy, 53.5% were prescribed first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) and 46.5% were prescribed second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in the period from 1997 through 2007. Positive correlations between antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian agents were obtained both for the number of drugs (p < 0.01) and the equivalent dosage (p < 0.01); the prescribing rate for antiparkinsonian agents, however, fell significantly from 1997 to 2007 (p < 0.0001). Discussion: These results suggest that the frequency with which antiparkinsonian agents are combined has also decreased due to the increase in the rate at which SGAs are prescribed. Greater awareness among psychiatrists at Nagoya University Hospital of the proper use of antipsychotics has resulted in a reduced prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy and less frequent use of excessive dosages.