Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shifting Logics and Performance Measurement Practices in Hybrid Universities

This paper contributes to the current debate on the shifting logics and performance measurement practices in hybrid universities. It draws upon notions of neo-institutional theory and adopts a longitudinal and ethnographic case study methodology based on participant observations and several interviews. The study focuses on the case of Kozminski University, a private and independent non-profit business school whose brand is recognized at home and internationally. Findings show that universities and academic workers, particularly their business and academic logics, are constrained by various factors related to the specific field and the local society. These factors include the burden of government regulations and control of the state (i.e., state logic), the expectations of different clients (i.e., students, enterprises, government agencies), and the need to comply with international standards and market mechanisms (i.e., market logic). Our results show that multiple logics shape the performance measurement practices of universities and generate hybrid solutions. While previous literature has mainly focused on competing logics and the possible tensions they generate when expectations/pressures are divergent, this paper has also shown that potentially conflicting logics may ‘peacefully’ coexist in a university context.
Diazepam: routes of administration and rate of absorption. A study of women with pre-eclampsia.

Plasma diazepam concentrations were determined following oral, i.m. and i.v. administration to a group of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and a group of normal pregnant women. Diazepam concentrations were greater following oral as compared with i.m. administration in the control group, who received a single 5-mg dose, and this confirms previous similar reports. In the patients with pre-eclampsia, who were pre-loaded with diazepam, the i.m. route provided much higher plasma diazepam concentrations than did the oral route. This was probably a result of reduced gastric motility and gastric secretion caused by diazepam which affected the absorption of subsequent diazepam administered orally, and it is unlikely that pre-eclampsia contributed to these differences. Mist. magnesium trisilicate seemed to improve the rate of absorption of diazepam from the intestine in five patients studied, although this effect is unlikely to have much clinical importance.
The search for modern China

This course explores the history of early-modern and modern China, from the seventeenth century to the present. We will examine the rise and fall of China’s last empire, the emergence of a modern nation-state, the sources and development of revolution, and the implications of complex social, political, cultural, and economic transformations in the People’s Republic of China. Course materials include scholarly monographs, a memoir, primary sources, and visual and material artifacts that offer diverse perspectives. We will meet twice a week for a combination of lectures, discussion, and viewing of visual texts.
Antioxidative mechanism involved in the preventive efficacy of Bergenia ciliata rhizomes against experimental nephrolithiasis in rats

Abstract Context: Bergenia ciliata Haw. (Saxifragaceae) is widely used in traditional medicines for renal disorders including kidney stones, inflammation and also well known for its antioxidant activity. Use of traditional herbs proved to be an important strategy for the management of kidney stones by modulating the oxidative stress imposed by calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Objectives: To evaluate the antinephrolithiatic and antioxidative activity of B. ciliata rhizomes as a preventive agent on ethylene glycol (EG)-induced nephrolithiasis. Materials and methods: The hydro-methanol extract (30:70, v/v) of B. ciliata rhizomes was orally administrated simultaneously at a dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight/day, to adult female Wistar rats for 28 d along with EG (0.75%, v/v) in drinking water. The results were compared to a parallel study conducted with marketed polyherbal drug cystone under identical dosage conditions. The biochemical parameters were measured in urine, serum and kidney followed by histochemistry. A validated HPLC method was used for standardization using gallic acid as a marker. Results: EG caused a significant increase in calcium, oxalate and phosphate levels in urine and kidney and concurrent decrease in calcium, sodium and magnesium in serum (p < 0.001). EG also caused an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in activities of antioxidative enzymes in kidney. Co-treatment with B. ciliata rhizomes extract caused restoration of all these parameters (p < 0.001). Histochemical studies showed reduced calcifications with extract treatment. Conclusion: B. ciliata has a significant prophylactic effect in preventing the nephrolithiasis, which might be mediated through antioxidant activity of these active compounds.
Bilevel Exercise Training and Directed Breathing Relieves Exertional Dyspnea for Male Smokers

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects on exertional dyspnea and exercise capacity of square wave (bilevel) cycle ergometry endurance exercise training (SWEET) and comprehensive directed breathing vs. walking while pushing an OxCar and traditional diaphragmatic breathing for male smokers with normal spirometry but reduced exercise capacity. DesignThis was a prospective randomized trial of 24 unmedicated men with exertional dyspnea assigned to SWEET or OxCar groups. Exertional dyspnea was assessed using the Borg scale during four tests: incremental exercise, constant exercise at 80% of the peak work rate (PWR) (maximum tolerated for 3 mins before exhaustion), SWEET, and 6-min walk test. Both groups trained for 45 mins, 5 days a week, for 6 wks. Before, during, and after training, 32 lung function parameters were studied at ventilatory anaerobic threshold, at PWR, and during incremental exercise (30 W/3 mins). ResultsFor the SWEET group, exertional dyspnea and the dyspnea index decreased during incremental exercise, at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold, and at PWR (P < 0.01). At the ventilatory anaerobic threshold, oxygen consumption increased by 74%; minute ventilation, 30%; tidal volume, 91%; and ventilatory efficiency and oxygen pulse (O2P), 25%; and breathing rate (breathing frequency) decreased by 32% (all significant at P < 0.001). At PWR, oxygen consumption increased by 30%; minute ventilation, 37%; breathing rate, 21%; and ventilatory efficiency and oxygen pulse, 25% (P < 0.01). During the full incremental test, minute ventilation, breathing frequency, and heart rate (cardiac frequency) decreased significantly (P < 0.01). In addition, there was significant improvement (P < 0.001) in SWEET intensity by 63%, constant exercise intensity at 80% of PWR by 38%, and 6-min walk test by 30%. No significant changes were observed for the OxCar group other than for the 6-min walk test, which increased by 7% (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThis study suggests that the decline in exercise tolerance for male smokers can be reduced by intensive exercise training (SWEET) and comprehensive directed breathing but not by moderate training and traditional diaphragmatic breathing. Thus, some smokers can be helped despite continuing to smoke.
Postpartum endoanal ultrasound findings in primiparous women after vaginal delivery

Background: Natural childbirth is regarded as the most frequent cause of anal sphincter defects. The majority of obstetric injuries are detectable only by anal endosonography (AES), in from 6.8% to 35% of women after vaginal delivery. Purpose: To evaluate prospectively anal sphincters in primiparous women in the first days after delivery to estimate the prevalence of anal sphincter defects and to correlate selected risk factors with the recognized injuries. Material and Methods: A total of 112 consecutive primiparous women aged 19–40 years (mean 29.3 years) underwent three-dimensional (3D) AES with the use of a BK Medical scanner Profocus 2202 in the first weeks after delivery. Results: Twelve tears (10.7%) in the perineum, including three extending to anal sphincters (2.6%) were found on AES. As many as 86 (76.8%) women had medio-lateral episiotomies due to the practice pattern in our hospital or as a consequence of obstetric factors. The statistical analysis did not prove a significant association between diagnosed injuries and episiotomy (P=0.73), nor a traumatic effect of epidural anesthesia, fetus head circumference ≥34 cm, or birth weight ≥3525 g. Conclusion: Anal sphincter tears following childbirth were found in only 2.6% of primiparous women, suggesting that vaginal delivery might not imply high risk of pelvic floor damage as has previously been assumed. The results do not confirm that medio-lateral episiotomy is conducive to obstetric anal sphincter defects.
Codeine kinetics as determined by radioimmunoassay

Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to determine several pharmacokinetic parameters of codeine in man, including the relative bioavailability after oral and intramuscular administration. The study followed a crossover design in 6 healthy, young (18 to 21 yr), male volunteers. Three subjects received 65 mg codeine phosphate orally in an analgesic mixture which also contained aspirin, phenacetin, and caffeine. At the same time a similar group received an equivalent dose of codeine phosphate in a single intramuscular injection. Two weeks later the study was repeated so that each group received the alternate treatment. Plasma samples were collected at various times after drug administration, and codeine concentrations were determined by a specific RIA procedure. The procedure can detect less than 50 pg of codeine. Following intramuscular administration, peak plasma concentrations (194 to 340 nglm! ) were observed between 0.25 to 1 hr; after oral dosing, peak codeine plasma concentrations (102 to 140 nglmt) appeared within 0.75 to I hr. The mean plasma t1;2 and volume of distribution of codeine following intramuscular injection were 3.32 hr and 5. I Llkg, respectively. Oral, relative to intramuscular, bioavailability qf codeine, based on areas under the codeine plasma curves, was 42% to 71% (mean, 53%).
Synaptic structural abnormalities in the Ts65Dn mouse model of down syndrome

The Ts65Dn mouse is a genetic model for Down syndrome. Although this mouse shows abnormalities in cognitive function that implicate hippocampus as well as marked deficits in hippocampal long‐term potentiation, the structure of the hippocampus has been little studied. We characterized synaptic structure in Ts65Dn and control (2N) mice, studying the hippocampus (fascia dentata, CA1) as well as the motor and somatosensory cortex, entorhinal cortex, and medial septum. Confocal microscopy was used to examine immunostained presynaptic boutons and to detail the structure of dendrites after Lucifer yellow microinjection. Both presynaptic and postsynaptic elements were significantly enlarged in Ts65Dn in all regions examined. The changes were detected at the youngest age examined (postnatal day 21) and in adults. In studies detailing the changes in fascia dentata and motor cortex, the enlargement of spines affected the entire population, resulting in the presence of spines whose volume was greatly increased. Electron microscopy confirmed that boutons and spines were enlarged and demonstrated abnormalities in the internal membranes of both. In addition, spine density was decreased on the dendrites of dentate granule cells, and there was reorganization of inhibitory inputs, with a relative decrease in inputs to dendrite shafts and an increase in inputs to the necks of spines. Taken together, the findings document widespread abnormalities of synaptic structure that recapitulate important features seen in Down syndrome. They establish the Ts65Dn mouse as a model for abnormal synapse structure and function in Down syndrome and point to the importance of studies to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for synapse enlargement. J. Comp. Neurol. 480:281–298, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Digenean trematodes of Seriolella porosa (Pisces, Centrolophidae) in San Matías Gulf, Argentina

Seriolella porosa (Silver warehou) is an important fish resource in the Argentine Sea. No previous studies have been carried out to date on its parasite fauna. The present study aims to (i) identify the digenean trematodes that parasitize Silver warehou, (ii) estimate parasite frequency and abundance, and (iii) establish their relationship with fish size and sex. A total of 100 specimens of S. porosa from San Matías Gulf, Argentina were examined between September and October 2006. Host size and sex were determined. Parasites extracted from the stomach lumen were fixed, conserved in 5% formalin, and stained with Langeron’s hydrochloric carmine. The following parameters were also determined: dispersion coefficient, prevalence, intensity, and parasite abundance. Differences in parasitism were assessed using non-parametric tests. Four adult digenean species were found in the stomach, namely Lecithocladium cristatum, Aponurus laguncula, Elytrophalloides oatesi and Gonocerca cf. phycidis. L. cristatum was not only dominant but also the most prevalent and abundant species. None of the digeneans showed interspecific association with each other and therefore they might follow different patterns of colonization (i.e., different intermediate hosts, seasonal and/or spatial distribution of the infective stages). Significant differences were observed among the digeneans analyzed in respect to the sex of the host. Results from this study show that Silver warehou plays a key role as a final host of a significant number of digeneans in the ecosystem. This study is the first step in an attempt to further determine the larval stages in intermediate hosts in San Matías Gulf.
A prospective study of floor surface, shoes, floor cleaning and slipping in US limited-service restaurant workers

Objectives Slips and falls are a leading cause of injury at work. Few studies, however, have systematically examined risk factors of slipping outside the laboratory environment. This study examined the association between floor surface characteristics, slip-resistant shoes, floor cleaning frequency and the risk of slipping in limited-service restaurant workers. Methods 475 workers from 36 limited-service restaurants from three major chains in six states in the USA were recruited to participate in a prospective cohort study of workplace slipping. Kitchen floor surface roughness and coefficient of friction (COF) were measured in eight working areas and then averaged within each restaurant. The use of slip-resistant shoes was determined by examining the participant's shoes and noting the presence of a ‘slip-resistant’ marking on the sole. Restaurant managers reported the frequency of daily kitchen floor cleaning. Participants reported their slip experience and work hours weekly for up to 12 weeks. The survey materials were made available in three languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese. The associations between rate of slipping and risk factors were assessed using a multivariable negative binomial generalised estimating equation model. Results The mean of individual slipping rate varied among the restaurants from 0.02 to 2.49 slips per 40 work hours. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, education, primary language, job tenure and restaurant chain, the use of slip-resistant shoes was associated with a 54% reduction in the reported rate of slipping (95% CI 37% to 64%), and the rate of slipping decreased by 21% (95% CI 5% to 34%) for each 0.1 increase in the mean kitchen COF. Increasing floor cleaning frequency was significantly associated with a decreasing rate of slipping when considered in isolation but not after statistical adjustment for other factors. Conclusion These results provide support for the use of slip-resistant shoes and measures to increase COF as preventive interventions to reduce slips, falls and injuries.
Antecedents and consequences of diversity and equality management systems: A moderated mediation study

Strategic human resource management theory suggests that diversity and equality management (DEM) systems provide a firm with a competitive advantage, leading to superior performance. This study proposes and tests a moderated mediation model focusing on antecedents (i.e. top management team gender diversity) and consequences (i.e. performance) of DEM systems in the context of management gender diversity. The model was tested in 248 medium- to large-sized organizations using time-lagged survey and archival data. The findings provide full support for the hypothesis that a gender-diverse top management team is positively associated with DEM systems. The results provide partial support for the following hypotheses: DEM systems are positively associated with performance and this relationship is moderated by management gender diversity; and top management team gender diversity has a positive indirect effect (via DEM systems) on performance and this relationship is also moderated by management gender diversity. We discuss theoretical, research and practical implications.
How Select Groups of Preservice Science Teachers with Inquiry Orientations View Teaching and Learning Science through Inquiry

Although hailed as a powerful form of instruction, in most teaching and learning contexts, inquiry-based instruction is fraught with ambiguous and conflicting definitions and descriptions. Yet little has been written about the experiences preservice science teacher have regarding their learning to teach science through inquiry. This project sought to understand how select preservice secondary science teachers enrolled in three UTeach programs in Arkansas conceptualize inquiry instruction and how they rationalize its value in a teaching and learning context. The three teacher education programs investigated in this study are adoption sites aligned with the UTeach Program in Austin, TX that distinguishes itself in part by its inquiry emphasis. Using a mixed method investigation design, this study utilized two sources of data to explore the preservice science teachers’ thinking. In the first phase, a modified version of the Pedagogy of Science teaching Tests (POSTT) was used to identify select program participants who indicated preferences for inquiry instruction over other instructional strategies. Secondly, the study used an open-ended questionnaire to explore the selected subjects’ beliefs and conceptions of teaching and learning science in an inquiry context. The study also focused on identifying particular junctures in the prospective science teachers’ education preparation that might impact their understanding about inquiry. Using a constant comparative approach, this study explored 19 preservice science teachers’ conceptions about inquiry. The results indicate that across all levels of instruction, the prospective teachers tended to have strong student-centered teaching orientations. Except subjects in for the earliest courses, subjects’ definitions and descriptions of inquiry tended toward a few of the science practices. More advanced subjects, however, expressed more indepth descriptions. Excluding the subjects who have completed the program, multiple subjects tended to associate inquiry learning exclusively in terms of exploring before lecture, getting a single correct answer. Additionally, various subjects at multiple levels, described inquiry in terms of the 5E Model of Instruction, which is emphasized in the Arkansas UTeach lesson design. Implications of these findings and suggestions for program improvement at the course levels are suggested.
Urine Reagent Strips Are Inaccurate for Assessing Hypohydration: A Brief Report.

OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic ability of urine reagent strips to identify hypohydration based on urine specific gravity (USG). DESIGN This study examined the agreement of USG between strips and refractometry with Bland-Altman, whereas the diagnostic ability of the strips to assess hypohydration was performed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. SETTING Arkansas high school football preseason practice. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred fourteen fresh urine samples were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Urine specific gravity was assessed by both reagent strips and refractometry. Cutoffs of >1.020 and >1.025 were used for identifying hypohydration. RESULTS Bland-Altman analysis showed agreement of the 2 methods. Overall diagnostic ability of the urine strip to identify hypohydration was fair (area under the curve 72%-78%). However, the sensitivity to correctly identify hypohydration was poor (63%-71%), and the specificity of correctly identifying euhydration was poor to fair (68%-83%). CONCLUSION The urine strip method is not valid for assessing hypohydration.
Do Incest, Depression, Parental Drinking, Serious Romantic Relationships, and Living with Parents Influence Patterns of Substance Use During Emerging Adulthood?

Abstract This study examined how incest, depression, parental drinking, relationship status, and living with parents affect patterns of substance use among emerging adults, 18 to 25 years old. The study sample included (n = 11,546) individuals who participated in Waves I, II, and III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). The study used separate latent class analysis for males and females to determine how patterns of substance use clustered together. The study identified the following three classes of substance use: heavy, moderate, and normative substance use patterns. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that, for females only, incest histories also nearly doubled the risk of heavy-use class membership. In addition, experiencing depression, being single, and not living with parents serve as risk factors for males and females in the heavy-use group. Conversely, being Black, Hispanic, or living with parents lowered the likelihood of being in the group with the most substance use behaviors (i.e., heavy use). Findings highlight the need for interventions that target depression and female survivors of incest among emerging adults.
Effect of EGFR-inhibition on the radiation response of oral mucosa: Experimental studies in mouse tongue epithelium

The aim was to quantify the effect of selective inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the radiation response of mouse oral mucosa to daily fractionated irradiation. Irradiation comprised graded single doses of 25 kV X-rays to the lower tongue surface or fractionated doses of 5 × 3 Gy week − 1 (200 kV X-rays) over 1 or 2 weeks, followed by graded local doses, to generate full dose – effect curves. For selective inhibition of EGFR, BIBX1382BS, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg kg − 1, for the entire overall treatment time. The ED50 (the dose expected to induce ulcer in 50% of the mice) for untreated mucosa was 11.9 ± 1.2 Gy. Fractionated irradiation administered over 1 or 2 weeks yielded ED50 values for the concluding test irradiation of 6.7 ± 2.1 and 6.5 ± 1.9 Gy, respectively. Administration of BIBX1382BS resulted in a non-significant increase of the top-up ED50 to 8.3 ± 1.6 Gy (p = 0.1197) after 1 week and to 7.6 ± 1.6 Gy (p = 0.2263) after 2 weeks. EGFR inhibition does not alter the radiation response of oral mucosa to fractionated irradiation or interfere with mucosal repopulation processes. This indicates that the regulation of mucosal repopulation is largely independent of EGFR activation.