Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Use of Strategic Management Tools and Techniques between Iranian Firms

Environmental changes are among the most important concepts in recent years that have trumpeted the need to adapt to the changes, just understood by the managers of different companies. Strategic management scholars, as one of the emerging areas of expertise in management science, have tried to provide managers with efficient tools to deal with an increasingly complex environment. Range strategic management tools and techniques are constantly being developed to suit the new environment. Accordingly, in this article there has been tried to investigate the use of the tools and techniques of strategic management in Iranian companies. The results show that the mission and vision statements, SWOT analysis, cost-benefit analysis, core competencies, financial analysis, critical success factors, total quality management, price analysis, stakeholder analysis, and benchmarking, respectively as the ten tools of strategic management techniques, are widely known among Iranian managers. In addition, the use of these tools and techniques are not the same among the companies operating in various industries and having different size and ownership. They have their own views on these techniques. The findings show that the use of strategic management tools and techniques can play a positive role in improving corporate performance.
Experimental immunology The impact of oral dexamethasone on Toll-like receptor levels in neonatal rat intestine

Background: The gastrointestinal system constitutes an important part of immune system in newborns. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition molecules that initiate innate immune responses in newborn gut. The aim of the study was to investigate the responsiveness of intestinal Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR-2), TLR-4 and TLR-9 levels to postnatal steroid therapy. Material and methods: Rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups. Group I (control at day 0) (n = 9), group II (control at day 10) (n = 9): oral distilled water, group III (study group) (n = 9): oral dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg/day). After 10 days, the ileojejunal segment was removed for biochemical analyses of TLR-2, TLR-4 and TLR-9. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups for TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels. There was a significant difference between groups for TLR-9 levels. There were no significant difference between group I and III and both groups were significantly higher than group II for TLR-9 levels. Conclusions: Postnatal steroid treatment may reduce TLR-4 level via increasing the level of TLR-9. Thus, it may lead to limited beneficial and protective effect against necrotizing enterocolitis which is a deleterious disease of the newborn gastrointestinal tract.
Ecological and social dimensions of restoration success in boreal river systems

The degradation of rivers and streams has led to world-wide efforts to restore freshwater habitats. A good understanding of the social-ecological context is considered key to successful restoration. In this thesis, a multidisciplinary framework was applied to study ecological and social dimensions of restoration success. First, the long-term performance of in-stream restoration measures was examined by conducting repeated cross-sectional surveys in restored streams up to 20 years post-restoration. Next, nationwide electrofishing data were used to assess the density responses of juvenile salmonids to habitat restoration and factors influencing restoration success were examined. Finally, changes in the provision of ecosystem services were evaluated by comparing the perceptions of restoration outcomes between two user groups and three study rivers. The results indicated that the restoration-induced increase in habitat heterogeneity persisted over time, initiating an overall positive development also in biological metrics (i.e. juvenile salmonids and aquatic mosses). However, overall substrate variability in restored streams remained lower than in near-pristine streams, with a shortage of gravel beds. Fish responses varied strongly between rivers, which was explained mainly by watershed scale (e.g. river basin size, dominant geology) and local (potential interspecific competition) factors. Site-specific differences were also observed in the delivery of ecosystem services, mainly reflecting stakeholder perceptions of landscape value and fish provisioning. Overall, the results show that setting indicators and target levels for restoration success is grounded on perspective. Socially conscious ecological restoration that acknowledges local specialities and needs in priority setting, planning and implementation has the potential to provide multiple benefits for river ecosystems and society.
Consumption of fresh and buried seed by ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Ground beetles (Carabidae: Coleoptera) are predators of the seed of herbaceous plants scattered on the ground, but prefer that of certain species. Foraging beetles encounter both freshly dispersed and seed exhumed from the soil bank. The predation on seed from the soil bank has never been studied and the effect of burial on seed acceptability is unknown. The preferences of two gen- eralist granivorous carabids, Harpalus affinis and Pseudoophonus rufipes, were investigated by offering them fresh (stored frozen after dispersal) and buried (for 6 months in the soil under field conditions) seed of six common weed species. Significantly more of the buried seed of Tripleurospermum inodorum and significantly less of that of Taraxacum officinale was eaten than fresh seed. For four other weed species the consumption of both kinds of seed did not differ. The preferences were similar in both species of carabid. The change in preference probably occurred because the seed of T. officinale was partially decayed and the repellent surface of T. inodorum seed abraded. Provided the seed in the soil bank does not decay it may have a similar or better food value for carabids than fresh seed.
ITS sequence Analysis and Genome Shuffling of Trichoderma Sp . for Improving Cellulase Activities

Five isolates of Trichoderma Sp. were obtained and screened for cellulases activities and the highest isolate w as selected and identified by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region in the rDNA, the selected isolate was identified as Trichoderma virens AG2. The conidia of this selected strain were treated with different mutagenic s, 604 isolates were obtained and screened for cellulases productivity using plate assaying technique and the promising isolates were selected for assaying in fermentation medium. The highest five cellulases producer mutants (D5, D6, D13, E3 and CC20) were selected as starting population for the first round of genome shuffling, which yielded a library of 86 colonies. The top five recombinants (R1/1, R1/3, R1/28, R1/50 and R1/55) were pooled and used as parental populations for the second round of genome shu ffling which also yielded 86 colonies. After the second round of genome shuffling, nine superior isolates for cellulases activities were obtained and the highest increase was recorded by the recombinant R2/11, which reached 10.5, 7.6 and 10.8 U/ml for CMCa se, FPase and β - glucosidase, respectively. These values showed increase by 308.8, 633.3 and 720% for CMCase, FPase and β - glucosidase, respectively in comparison with the original strain, T. virens AG2. To investigate if a change in the genetic content was evident after the mutagenesis and shuffling treatments, results of RAPD analysis revealed obvious genetic differences among mutants and shuffled strains compared with the original T. virens AG2. ( Medhat E. Eldenary, Ahmed M. El - Bondkly, Alsayed E. G. Alfi ky and Said A. Dora . ITS sequence Analysis and Genome Shuffling of Trichoderma Sp . for Improving Cellulase Activities . J Am Sci 2013;9( 10 ): 364 - 375 ). (ISSN: 1545 - 1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org . 49
The Relationships among Customer Value, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions: A General Structural Equation Model

The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive framework of relationships among customer value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. Before testing the model, literature review on the three constructs is presented. From this review, three hypotheses are proposed and tested in this study: (1) Customer value is antecedent to customer satisfaction, (2) Customer value has a direct link to behavioral intentions, and (3) The relationship between customer value and behavioral intentions is mediated by customer satisfaction. Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS 5 was employed to test the model. The result suggests that the relationship between customer value and behavioral intentions is mediated by customer satisfaction.
Effects of DNA and Eyewitness Evidence on Juror Decisions

The present experiment investigated whether DNA evidence, eyewitness evidence, or a combination of both was more persuasive to mock jurors. The study also explored whether varying the credibility of the testimony affected persuasiveness. The researchers hypothesized that the combination of eyewitness and DNA evidence would be the most persuasive to jurors. Eyewitness evidence would be more persuasive than DNA evidence, and credible testimony would be more persuasive than discredited testimony. One hundred-fifty college students read an excerpt from a court transcript describing a first-degree murder trial. Participants rendered a verdict and answered questions concerning confidence, understanding, reliability, and persuasiveness of testimony. The analyses partly supported the hypotheses. DNA evidence was more persuasive, reliable, influential, and less likely to be viewed as wrong than eyewitness evidence, regardless of whether it was discredited. DNA evidence elicited more guilty verdicts, and jurors were more confident in their verdict. We discuss these results in light of the 2-routes-to-persuasion theory. NAOMI J. FREEMAN
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF LOCAL VERTEBRATE SPECIES USING CYTOCHROME OXIDASE SUBUNIT I (COI) GENE

The aim of this study is to determine a molecular tool for identification of local vertebrate species using mtDNA COI gene. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using universal primers complementary to the conserved region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit I ( COI ) gene fragment, was performed on DNA of blood samples of 30 local animals in Malaysia. DNA of hosts was amplified by PCR and the products were visualized on gel electrophoresis. Twenty two sequences (73.3%) were obtained and compared with sequences registered in GenBank and BOLD Systems databases. The BLAST results for fifteen samples (68%) showed sequences were in congruence with morphological identification at 92% to 100% accuracy while seven sequences had no significant similarity. These results suggest that COI -based PCR is a reliable identification tool for vertebrates and can be applied for epidemiological studies on blood meal analysis of arthropod in Malaysia.
Mutations Analysis of the Growth Differentiation Factor 9 Gene in Syrian Women with Ovarian Failure

Abstract Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a primary ovarian defect characterized by absent menarche or premature depletion of ovarian follicles. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) plays an important role in normal growth, differentiation, and proliferation of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte in the ovary. The present study was to verify the involvement of GDF9 variations in a POF woman in Syrian. POF cases (n= 80) consist of (primary amenorrhea PA n=55) and (secondary amenorrhea SA n=25) compared with 200 controls. All cases with POF had a normal karyotype analysis (46XX). Genetic analysis of the GDF9 gene were showed, four variants in 23 patients. Two of novel variants were observed in two patients, the first was [c.1231GT] was observed in 17 patients and 15 controls. But the variant [c.546G>A] was showed in one patient and in one control. The variant [c.447C>T] appeared associated with the variant [c.546G>A] in 3 patients [c.447C>T]+[c.546G>A] (compound heterozygous genotype). this compound variant didn’t detect in the controls. The researchers’ findings are consistent with the critical role played by GDF9 in human folliculogenesis. The presence of these variants might indicate a higher risk for POF.
Stagnant slab : A review

A stagnant slab is a subducted slab of oceanic lithosphere subhorizontally deflected above, across, or below the 660 km discontinuity. This phenomenon has now been widely recognized beneath subduction zones around the circum-Pacific and in the Mediterranean. Collaboration of seismic and electromagnetic observations, mineral physics measurements, and geodynamic modeling has begun to provide a consistent picture of stagnant slab.
Frequency doubling in ultralow frequency wave signals

We report a new theory to explain the long-observed frequency-doubling phenomenon detected in the compressional component of “high-m” ultralow-frequency signals seen in the Earth's magnetosphere. We show that the effect is a nonlinear response directly associated with resonant particles. The phase relationship observed between the linear signal and the nonlinear frequency-doubled signal is predicted by the theory. Our explanation and the fit with observation mean that the occurrence of frequency doubling provides critical evidence of the fact that ring current particles drive high-m waves.
INFLUENCE OF STORAGE MODE AND DURATION ON THE MICROSCOPIC ENUMERATION OF SYNECHOCOCCUS FROM A COLD COASTAL OCEAN ENVIRONMENT

Photosynthetic picoplankton of the genus Synechococcus can represent a substantial proportion of planktonic community biomass and production in many oceanic provinces. These cells are typically enumerated by visualizing the autofluorescence of phycoerythrin using epifluorescence microscopy. Detailed studies of bacterioplankton and preliminary studies with photosynthetic picoand nanoplankton suggest that the number of cells which can be visualized changes with mode and duration of sample storage. Inaccurate estimates of Synechococcus abundance may bias the interpretation of the distribution and turnover of microbial stocks. We carried out a comprehensive, long-term (-0.9 yr) time-course study to determine if storage mode and duration influence microscopic estimates of Synechococcus abundance. Seawater samples preserved with gluteraldehyde were either stored at 4°C untd counting (i.e. RS-refrigerated in suspension) or slides were prepared and stored at -20°C until counting (i.e. FF-filtered and frozen). Over time, both methods converged on an apparent cell loss (ACL; i.e. loss of epifluorescence-detectable cells) of ca 45%. Significant (p 2 0.05) ACL occurred within 1 mo for the RS method, whereas cell numbers were unchanged for the first 2 mo for the FF method. Apparent cell loss was hyperbolic for both storage modes and the rate constants for decay were similar. Our results are consistent with the suggestion in the literature that ACL may have been due to persistence of intracellular autolytic enzymes in the preserved cells. We also examined the influence of the excitation wavebands on the estimation of Synechococcus abundances. About twice as many Synechococcus were observed using green (490 to 545 nm) compared to blue (450 to 490 nm) excitation epifluorescence microscopy and this increase was significant (p < 0.001). Based on our results, we recommend that samples for the enumeration of Synechococcus be immediately preserved, filtered, frozen, and counted using green excitation within 2 mo.
Regional Distribution of Different Types of Human Papillomavirus in Cervixes of Chinese Women: A Meta-analysis

Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy that has shown a gradual increase in morbidity in recent years in China. High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) play a vital role in cervical cancer development and commercial vaccines are available. The overall HPV infection and geographical distribution characteristics of cervical Cancer among Chinese females have not been reported that may guide the application of the vaccines. This study systematically retrieves literature on HPV type and cervical cancer in China published from 2005 to 2017. Data are analyzed according to provinces and administrative areas for the meta-analysis. (1) SPSS17.0 software is used for the statistical data analysis. (2) χ² inspection is also employed to analyze the infection rate of different HPV types of different cervical lesion groups in seven regions of China. Results show that China’s HR-HPV16, 58, 18, 52, 33, 31, 53, 56, 59, 51, 35, and 68 infection rates are 60.49%, 11.16%, 9.68%, 7.05%, 5.61%, 3.62%, 2.88%, 2.32%, 1.96%, 1.74%, 1.53%, and 1.52%, respectively. Differences in the HR-HPV infection rate of cervical cancer were observed among different areas, especially for HPV 31, 33, 52, and 58. The genotypes of the top five HR-HPV infection rates in cervical cancer also show differences in different regions. The results offer a basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in different parts of China. HPV type distribution in relation to cervical cancer varies among different regions and parts of China. Therefore, use of available or development of new vaccines suitable for regional types is necessary to improve the efficacy of the vaccines in preventing the primary HPV infection in different areas of China.
Colombian vanilla and its microbiota. III. Diversity and structure of the endophytic community

Endophytic fungal communities are well-recognised entities within plants worldwide. They hold species with potential in medicinal affairs, biological control of pests, industry, and more. Nevertheless, ecological data about structure and dynamics of endophytic communities are scarce. In this study we sampled root, stem and leaf tissues of Colombian vanilla species in order of both, identifying endosymbionts and characterising the community they belong to. An interesting array of endophytic species was found, including taxa that function as pathogens, saprotrophs, and dermatophytes in other plants/scenarios. Ecological parameters show a moderate diversity with a lognormal arrangement of species quite similar to communities of macroorganisms. Many species here reported belong to taxa broadly reported as sources of biologically active compounds, so they are good candidates for bioprospecting research.
Career decision-making of the gifted and talented

The purpose of this study is to determine how gifted and talented students think about future careers with regard to both the awareness and especially process of such career decision-making. Particular attention is given to their perceptions about having the best career they can imagine. A qualitative research model is used in this study. The study group consists of eleven gifted and talented high school students, studying in congregative gifted class in a private college. Students were contacted via phone or email, and appointments for interviews were arranged. The interviews were conducted by the researcher within a two-month period. Participation in the study was voluntary. A semi-structured interview form was used as data-collection tool, and data analysis was conducted through a content analysis. According to the results of the research, occupation that gifted and talented students want to have mostly expressed as doctor. As factors influencing their decisions regarding preferred occupation, gifted and talented students stated that their families, academic achievements, sense of social responsibility, and desire to manage the world, are the factors affecting their career decisions. Expectations of gifted and talented students regarding the countries in which they want to work were: feeling secure, offering business environment and opportunity, being developed, economically stable, a rich history, and affordability. The meaning of having good career for gifted and talented students was stated to be spending money and having prestige. Gifted and talented students visualise themselves in terms of their career ten years later as being tortured by their occupation, becoming the leader of their occupations and working oversees. Keywords : career; career decision-making; gifted and talented
Efficacy test for good agricultural practice, pesticide-free production and organic agriculture in tomato

Mycephyt promoted spore production of Chaetomium cupreum and Chaetomium globosum which act as biological fungicide for disease control. It is undoubledtly stated that Chaetomiumpowder can be synergisted to Mycephyt which formulated as CM product. Mycephyt significantly inhibited the conidia production of F. oxysporum f sp.lycopersici. Comparison of GAP, PFP and organic methods in three varirties of tomato (Cherry, Loukthor and Sida) gave significantly better in growth parameters or plant stands than the non-treated control. It is indicated that organic method with potent bio-products as CM product for disease control, bioinsecticide (Beauveria and Metarhizium), bio-fertilizer would promote plant growth parameters of tomato var Cherry, Loukthor and Sida. The organic method gave significantly highest number of fruits in all tested varieties, followed by PFP and GAP. But in chemical method gave lower number of fruits when compared to organic, PFP, GAP and non-treated one. It is obsereved that the chemnical method and non-treated control seriously faced the wilt incidence caused F. oxysporum f sp lycopersici thereafter diagnosis and isolated the pathogen to identify, especially Sida variety.
The field high-amplitude SX Phoenicis variable BL Camelopardalis: results from a multisite photometric campaign - I. Pulsation

Context. BL Cam is an extreme metal-deficient field high-amplitude SX Phe-type variable where a very complex frequency spectrum is detected, with a number of independent nonradial modes excited, unusual among the high-amplitude pulsators in the Lower Classical Instability Strip. Aims. An extensive and detailed study has been carried out to investigate the pulsational content and properties of this object. Methods. The analysis is based on 283 h of CCD observations obtained in the Johnson V filter, during a long multisite photometric campaign carried out along the Northern autumn-winter of 2005–2006. Additionally, multicolour BI photometry was also collected to study the phase shifts and amplitude ratios, between light curves obtained in different filters, for modal discrimination of the main excited modes. Results. The detailed frequency analysis revealed a very rich and dense pulsational content consisting of 25 significant peaks, 22 of them corresponding to independent modes: one is the already known main periodicity f0 = 25.5765 cd −1 (∆V = 153 mmag) and the other 21 are excited modes showing very small amplitudes. Some additional periodicities are probably still remaining in the residuals. This represents the most complex spectrum ever detected in a high-amplitude pulsator of this type. The majority of the secondary modes suspected from earlier works are confirmed here and, additionally, a large number of new peaks are detected. The amplitude of the main periodicity f0 seems to be stable during decades, but the majority of the secondary modes show strong amplitude changes from one epoch to another. The suspected fundamental radial nature of the main periodicity of BL Cam is confirmed, while the secondary peak f1 = 25.2523 cd −1 is identified as a nonradial mixed mode g4 with � = 1. The radial double-mode nature, claimed by some authors for the main two frequencies of BL Cam, is not confirmed. Nevertheless, the frequency f6 = 32.6464 cd −1 could correspond to the first radial overtone.