Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bridging Design and Behavioral Research With Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling

Advertising research is a scientific discipline that studies artifacts (e.g., various forms of marketing communication) as well as natural phenomena (e.g., consumer behavior). Empirical advertising research therefore requires methods that can model design constructs as well as behavioral constructs, which typically require different measurement models. This article presents variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) as a family of techniques that can handle different types of measurement models: composites, common factors, and causal–formative measurement. It explains the differences between these types of measurement models and clears up possible ambiguity regarding formative endogenous constructs. The article proposes confirmatory composite analysis to assess the nomological validity of composites, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT) to assess the construct validity of common factors, and the multiple indicator, multiple causes (MIMIC) model to assess the external validity of causal–formative measurement.
Labelling and self‐esteem: does labelling exceptional students impact their self‐esteem?

The purpose of this investigation was to explore the existing relationships between main concepts associated with labelling exceptional students and impact on their self-esteem. The aim was to examine how these concepts are presented in the existing research literature, and what the implications are for educational practice of labelling exceptional students. This area of research is important for educators, researchers, practitioners, parents and advocates of exceptional students. By understanding the psychosocial and educational aspects of labelling and stigma, we can all contribute in different ways to address the unique particularities of exceptional students.
Flood Perception and Mitigation: The Role of Severity, Agency, and Experience in the Purchase of Flood Protection, and the Communication of Flood Information

Protection of human life and property from flooding is a strategic priority in the UK. We examine how to encourage home owners to protect themselves and their residences. A model of factors that influence the decision to buy flood-protection devices is tested using survey data from 2109 home owners. The results show that the majority of respondents have not purchased domestic flood protection (N = 1732; 82.1%). Purchase of flood-protection devices was influenced by age; perceived seriousness; and beliefs about, and trust in, the role of regulators in managing flooding. In younger respondents the perceived seriousness of the dangers of flooding acted as precursors and barriers to action depending on individual sense of responsibility and agency. The second part of the study examines responsiveness to information. Information about flooding alone was insufficient to promote behavioural change, particularly among people who had not experienced a flood or who believed that they were not in a flood zone. Implications for understanding flood protection, managing agency issues, and flood-communication campaigns are discussed.
Perkembangan Pembelajaran Sejarah Pasca Kemerdekaan-Reformasi

Abstract: This article aims to examine the development of historical learning from post-independence Indonesia to the Reformation period. During that period, Indonesia has made 9 (nine) curriculum changes. Learning history at the beginning of independence was characterized by a spirit of nationalism, considering that this time, Indonesia still had to struggle to maintain its independence. Entering the Suharto government, historical learning directions and policies also changed along with political interests, namely strengthening the legitimacy of Suharto's power. Furthermore, the Reformation period marked by the end of Suharto's rule, the direction and purpose of historical learning also changed, namely preparing the younger generation to have human resources that are equal to other countries. Learning of the history of the reform era made many changes and reviewed various past events that did not exist in the history books of the New Order. The research method used is descriptive method, which describes the problem to obtain answers. The results of the study show that learning from time to time changes color following the color of government politics. This is because history learning has a very strategic role in supporting government programs. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan pembelajaran sejarah mulai dari pasca kemerdekaan Indonesia hingga masa Reformasi. Selama periode itu, Indonesia sudah melakukan perubahan kurikulum sebanyak 9 (sembilan) kali. Pembelajaran sejarah di awal kemerdekaan diwarnai dengan semangat nasionalisme, mengingat masa ini, Indonesia masih harus berjuang mempertahankan kemerdekaannya. Memasuki pemerintahan Soeharto, arah dan kebijakan pembelajaran sejarah juga berubah seiring dengan kepentingan politik, yakni memperkuat legitimasi kekuasaan Soeharto. Selanjutnya masa Reformasi yang ditandai dengan berakhirnya kekuasaan Soeharto, arah dan tujuan pembelajaran sejarah ikut berubah, yakni menyiapkan generasi muda untuk memiliki SDM yang sejajar dengan negara lain. Pembelajaran sejarah era reformasi banyak melakukan perubahan dan mengkaji berbagai peristiwa masa lalu yang tidak ada pada buku-buku sejarah masa Orde Baru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, yaitu menggambarkan masalah untuk memperoleh jawaban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dari masa ke masa berubah warna mengikuti warna politik pemerintah. Hal ini disebabkan karena pembelajaran sejarah memiliki peran yang sangat strategis dalam mendukung program pemerintah.
First results from a laboratory hypertelescope using single-mode fibers

Context. In the future, giant optical interferometric arrays will be developed with kilometric baselines and a large number of telescopes. Such arrays could have direct imaging capabilities if optimized beam combiners are used. Aims. This paper aims at studying the performance of an interferometric beam combiner using single mode fibers and in the frame of a hypertelescope. Methods. A laboratory testbed called SIRIUS was developed. We describe the general concept, the technical specifications and the results obtained. These results are analyzed with the help of a numerical simulator. Results. Direct images were obtained at the densified focus of SIRIUS. We show that the fibers greatly ease the pupil rearrangement. They also greatly improve the quality and the stability of the direct image. The computed images allow us to reproduce the effects of differential photometry and the influence of optical path difference variations. Optical path difference errors less than $\lambda/10$ and differential photometries less than 60% are required to keep the quality of the direct image. Conclusions. These results demonstrate the great potential of direct imaging interferometric beam combiners for future optical large arrays. The excellent comparison between experience and simulation clearly shows the simplicity of the fibered pupil densifier. It also gives us a great confidence in the extrapolation of these results and specifications for future arrays with a very large number of apertures.
Interacting effects of forest fragmentation and howler monkey foraging on germination and disperal of fig seeds

We studied changes in germination rates and dispersal distance of seeds of Ficus perforata and F. lundelli dispersed by howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana), in a small (40 ha) ‘disturbed’ and a larger (>600 ha) ‘preserved’ tropical rainforest in southern Veracruz, Mexico. The interaction between A. p. mexicana and Ficus (Urostigma) spp. is beneficial for the interacting species and has important implications for their conservation. Howler monkeys gain from the ingestion of an important food source, germination rates of Ficus seeds are improved by passage through the monkeys' digestive tract, and the seeds are more likely to be deposited in a site suitable for germination and development. Seed dispersal distances are relatively larger in the preserved site, with both the size of the forest area and the spatial pattern of Ficus affecting the dispersal process. In a large forest fragment with ‘regularly’ distributed Ficus individuals the howler monkeys move away from the seed source, increasing the probability that the seeds are desposited on a tree other than Ficus, which is important for the germination and future development of a hemiepiphytic species. In a small forest fragment with trees distributed in clumps howlers repeatedly use the same individual trees, and faeces containing seeds may be dropped on unsuitable trees more often. These are key issues when addressing conservation policies for fragmented forests.
TRACING THE ORIGIN OF THE RECENT RISE IN NEUROPATHOGENIC EHV-1

OF THESIS TRACING THE ORIGIN OF THE RECENT RISE IN NEUROPATHOGENIC EHV-1 Equine herpesvirus type-1(EHV-1) is a complex virus known for inducing various forms of disease in horses. In recent years, the number of cases of neurological disease caused by this virus has increased. While there are a number of possible sources for this recent surge, this project set out to determine if a genotypic shift in the latent population of the virus in favor of the neuropathogenic form of EHV-1 is the basis for the recent increase in frequency of EHV-1 neurologic disease. To ascertain if such a shift has in fact occurred, 450 EHV-1 isolates were obtained from fetal tissues resulting from single, sporadic cases of abortion in Thoroughbred broodmares in central Kentucky. Furthermore, the isolates utilized were from different decades (1951-2006) to determine if the genotypic shift was time-related. The isolates were propagated in cell culture, purified and the viral DNA isolated. Real-time allelic discrimination PCR analysis was performed on the DNA samples to identify the genotype of EHV-1. Statistical analysis of the PCR data indicates that the latent mutant population does appear to be increasing. Therefore, the recent increase in the number of outbreaks of EHV-1 neurological disease will most likely continue unless measures are devised to curtail further spread of the pathogen.
Renal Protective Effect of Saffron Aqueous Extract in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: Multiple-organ failure is the main cause of death in diabetes mellitus and hyperglycaemia induced oxidative stress is responsible for major diabetic complications including nephropathy. Medicinal plants with antioxidant activity may modulate oxidative status and improve the functions of multiple organs that affected by chronic hyperglycaemia in diabetes. Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate on the beneficial effects of saffron aqueous extract (SAE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by measuring the oxidative indicators, functional enzymes and histopathological studies in the kidney tissues. Methods and Material: The fasted rats were injected intraperitoneally (IP) by a single dose of a STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). After 72 hours, the animals with fasting blood glucose over than 250 mg/dl were considered diabetic and were used in the experimental groups; control (1), control drug (2), diabetes (3) and diabetes drug (4). The treatment was started on the 7th day after STZ administration with an IP injection of SAE (200 mg/kg body weight), six doses and weekly to groups (2 and 4). At the end of the experiment, fasting blood glucose, oxidative status and functional enzymes in kidney tissues were measured. Furthermore, histopathological studies were performed. Results: The results showed that SAE significantly decreased blood glucose and prevented weight loss in treated diabetic rats compared to untreated diabetic rats. Moreover, SAE improved oxidative balance and functional enzymes activities in the kidney tissues of Group 4 in comparison to Group 3. Also, histopathological studies showed the less injury in the kidney tissues of treated diabetic rats. Conclusion: Administration of SAE showed significant ameliorative effects on the biochemical, oxidative, and histopathological parameters on kidney tissues of treated diabetic rats.
The Impact of Organizational Commitment, Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Civil Servant Job Performance in State Plantation Denpasar

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job competence, motivation, and job satisfaction toward job performance among civil servant at state plantation office of Bali Province in Denpasar Bali. As an explanatory study, a survey technique used in this study with data collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents. Using non probability sampling, data were collected from 65 civil servant at state plantation office of Bali Province. The study used PLS (Partial Least Square) method as a data analysis method to find out the relationship and path coefficients among the variables. Only two of five hypotheses proposed are accepted in this study.The main implication for organization is the need of state plantation officer ensure to reframing the motivation they have to serve public effectively rather than searching for power. Results and findings of the study are discussed with suggestion for future research
Online Case-Based Learning Design for Facilitating Classroom Teachers' Development of Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge.

The aim of this study is to investigate whether, and if so how, online case-based learning influence pre-service classroom teachers‘ self-confidence on technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). To achieve the goal, a control group pretest–posttest quasi experimental design was used. Participants of the study consisted of 160 pre-service classroom teachers studying in a public university. There were two classes which were randomly assigned to experimental (n=78) and control (n=82) groups. The eight video cases were developed by the researchers based on an analysis of relevant learning content and real stories. During 10 weeks only pre-service teachers in the treatment group were participated in an online case-based learning environment and investigate video cases. An ―Academic Motivation Scale‖ consisting of 20 Likert-type questions was used to measure pre-service teachers‘ academic motivation. The data were analyzed using twoway ANOVA statistical analysis with SPSS 20 packet program. The results showed that using online case-method significantly improved TCK and TK subdomains. However, pre-service classroom teachers‘ self-confidence on technological pedagogical content knowledge did not improve significantly.
Beef quality grades as determined by Korean and Australian consumers

Consumer responses were examined in an incomplete factorial design where Australian consumers evaluated 216 beef samples derived from 18 cattle killed in Australia and Korean consumers evaluated 216 samples from the same 18 cattle, plus 216 similar samples from 18 Korean cattle. Samples of the Mm. triceps brachii, longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus were cooked using grill and Korean barbeque methods. Each sample was sensory tested by 10 consumers, who scored it for tenderness, juiciness, like flavour, and overall liking. Consumers then graded each sample as either unsatisfactory (2 star), good every day (3 star), better than every day (4 star), or premium (5 star) quality. For those samples assessed by both Australian and Korean consumers, the Korean consumers graded a higher proportion of samples ‘unsatisfactory’ and a lower proportion of samples ‘premium’ grade product than Australian consumers. Using a composite meat quality score (MQ4) to predict grade, a discriminant analysis showed that the Korean consumers had boundary cut-offs for the lower grades, which were ~4–10 palatability units higher than the Australian consumers. Analysis of the residuals between actual and predicted palatability scores showed that the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) grading model produced relatively unbiased estimates within ±2 MQ4 units for the different consumer groups, muscle and carcass suspension treatments, with the exception of the M. semimembranosus samples. Implications of the results for both Korean and Australian beef markets through the use of an empirical grading model to predict palatability are discussed.
Shape and motion of drops sliding down an inclined plane

We report experiments on the shape and motion of millimetre-sized drops sliding down a plane in a situation of partial wetting. When the Bond number based on the component of gravity parallel to the plane $\Bo_{\alpha}$ exceeds a threshold, the drops start moving at a steady velocity which increases linearly with $\Bo_{\alpha}$. When this velocity is increased by tilting the plate, the drops change their aspect ratio: they become longer and thinner, but maintain a constant, millimetre-scale height. As their aspect ratio changes, a threshold is reached at which the drops are no longer rounded but develop a ‘corner’ at their rear: the contact line breaks into two straight segments meeting at a singular point or at least in a region of high contact line curvature. This structure then evolves such that the velocity normal to the contact line remains equal to the critical value at which the corner appears, i.e. to a maximal speed of dewetting. At even higher velocities new shape changes occur in which the corner changes into a ‘cusp’, and later a tail breaks into smaller drops (pearling transition). Accurate visualizations show four main results. (i) The corner appears when a critical non-zero value of the receding contact angle is reached. (ii) The interface then has a conical structure in the corner regime, the in-plane and out-of-plane angles obeying a simple relationship dictated by a lubrication analysis. (iii) The corner tip has a finite non-zero radius of curvature at the transition to a corner, and its curvature diverges at a finite capillary number, just before the cusp appears. (iv) The cusp transition occurs when the corner opening in-plane half-angle reaches a critical value of about 45°.
Computing Inequality: Have Computers Changed the Labor Market?

This paper examines the effect of technological change and other factors on the relative demand for workers with different education levels and on the recent growth of U.S. educational wage differentials. A simple supply-demand framework is used to interpret changes in the relative quantities, wages, and wage bill shares of workers by education in the aggregate U.S. labor market in each decade since 1940 and from 1990 to 1995. The results suggest that the relative demand for college graduates grew more rapidly on average during the past 25 years (1970-95) than during the previous three decades (1940-70). The increased rate of growth of relative demand for college graduates beginning in the 1970s did not lead to an increase in the college/high school wage diffe- rential until the 1980s because the growth in the supply of college graduates increased even more sharply in the 1970s before returning to historical levels in the 1980s. The acceleration in demand shifts for more-skilled workers in the 1970s and 1980s relative to the 1960s is entirely accounted for by an increase in within-industry changes in skill utilization rather than between- industry employment shifts. Industries with large increases in the rate of skill upgrading in the 1970s and 1980s versus the 1960s are those with greater growth in employee computer usage, more computer capital per worker and larger investment as a share of total investment. The results suggest that the spread of computer technology may `explain' as much as 30-50% of the increase in the rate of growth of the relative demand for more-skilled workers since 1970.
Emission of Air Pollutants from Crop Residue Burning in India

Agricultural crop residue burning contribute towards the emission of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, CH4), air pollutants (CO, NH3, NOx, SO2, NMHC, volatile organic compounds), particulates matter and smoke thereby posing threat to human health. In the present study a state-wise inventory of crop residue burnt in India and the air pollutants emitted was prepared using the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) national inventory preparation guidelines for the year 2008–09. Total amount of residue generated in 2008–09 was 620 Mt out of which ~15.9% residue was burnt on farm. Rice straw contributed 40% of the total residue burnt followed by wheat straw (22%) and sugarcane trash (20%). Burning of crop residues emitted 8.57 Mt of CO, 141.15 Mt of CO2, 0.037 Mt of SOx, 0.23 Mt of NOx, 0.12 Mt of NH3 and 1.46 Mt NMVOC, 0.65 Mt of NMHC, 1.21 Mt of particulate matter for the year 2008–09. The variability of 21.46% in annual emission of air pollutants was observed from 1995 to 2009.
Making tracks in metals

Swift heavy ions lose energy primarily by inelastic electronic scattering and, above an energy threshold, electronic losses result in damage to the lattice. Such high energy radiation is beyond the range of validity of traditional cascade simulations, and predictive damage calculations are challenging. We use a novel methodology, which combines molecular dynamics with a consistent treatment of electronic energy transport and redistribution to the lattice, to model how swift heavy ions form damage tracks. We consider a range of material parameters (electron–phonon coupling strength, thermal conductivity and electronic specific heat) and show how these affect the maximum lattice temperature reached and the extent of residual damage. Our analysis also suggests that fission tracks may form in alloys of archaeological interest.
EFFECT OF EARNINGS PER SHARE AND OPERATING CASH FLOW ON REWARD OF DIRECTORS BOARD

In this study, we tried to evaluate the effect on earnings per share and operating cash flow remuneration of board members to answer the question whether the earnings per share and operating cash flow impact on the remuneration of the members of the board there 3. To examine the hypothesis formulated above, we then test these hypotheses, data on 152 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange in the 760 observed in the company constituted over a period of 5 years (2008 2012), we consider that the results of the research suggest that earnings per share and operating cash flow positive and significant impact on the remuneration of the members of the Board of cash flows and earnings per share over the most influence over the remuneration the Board of Directors.
Multicultural Working Teams and Safety Awareness: How Effective Leadership Can Motivate Safety Behaviour

This empirical study focuses on the diversity of cultural values and leadership preferences in multicultural working teams and how this interaction makes it difficult to guarantee and motivate safety at the workfloor. It is often hypothesized that when employees from different national identities have to work together in one team, their different cultural backgrounds make a common mental state of safety awareness very complex. In managing this diversity of cultural values, the role of leadership style could be crucial. The results show that a cultural value as uncertainty avoidance clearly has its influence on safety awareness and that this outcome is mediated by the motivating leadership style.
Food habits of the Ruin Lizard, Podarcis sicula (RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ, 1810), from a coastal dune in Central Italy (Squamata: Sauria: Lacertidae) Die Nahrungsgewohnheiten der Ruineneidechse, Podarcis sicula (RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ, 1810), von einer Küstendüne in Mittelitalien (Squamata: Sauria: Lacertid

Composition of the prey in Ruin Lizards, Podarcis sicula (RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ, 1810), from a coastal dune in Central Italy was studied. Analysis of the fecal pellets of 31 lizards (7 females, 24 males) captured in February and March revealed: number of prey items per lizard (x = 3,13 + 2,71 SD); trophic niche breadth according to SIMPSON (3,15); proportional number of prey items (Gastropoda 8%, Arachnida 9%, Isopoda 48%, Insecta 23%, others 12%; 90% of them all being flightless forms).