Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction To Multivariate Analysis

Picking up the theme of a companion volume, Introduction to Linear Models, Dr Dunteman extends his clear exposition to the case of multiple dependent variables. He clarifies advanced concepts for both students and researchers in an intuitive, non-rigorous manner, and every technique is illustrated (step-by-step) on small, hypothetical, yet meaningful social science data bases. The reader who works through both of Dunteman's texts will have built a basic understanding of statistical model-building and a strong foundation for advanced studies.
Developing a Comprehensive Handwriting Curriculum Utilizing the Handwriting Without Tears™ Approach for Typically Developing Elementary School Aged Children

ix Introduction and Statement of Problem . 1 Literature Review . 4 Handwriting Dysfunction . 4 Handwriting Intervention . 9 Motivational Aspects of Technology . 13 Statement of Purpose . 16 Theoretical Framework . 17 Methodology . 21 Agency Description and Target Population . 21 Project Design . 22 Project Development . 22 Project Implementation . 26 Project Evaluation . 27 Discussion, Summary and Recommendations . 28 References . 31 Appendices . 39 APPENDIX A – Kindergarten Curriculum . 39 APPENDIX B – First Grade Curriculum . 53
The Elements of Cognitive Aging: Meta-Analyses of Age-Related Differences in Processing Speed and Their Consequences

CHAPTER 1 AGING AND PROCESSING SPEED: HISTORY, METHODOLOGY, AND OUTLOOK CHAPTER 2 AGE-RELATED SLOWING IN A QUASI-RANDOM SAMPLE OF STUDIES CHAPTER 3 IS AGE-RELATED SLOWING REAL? INVESTIGATING THREATS TO THE VALIDITY OF BRINLEY SLOPES CHAPTER 4 THE AGING MODEL HUMAN PROCESSOR: AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN THE SPEED OF ELEMENTARY OPERATIONS CHAPTER 5 TOWARDS A SPARSE ONTOLOGY OF AGE EFFECTS IN ELEMENTARY PROCESSES: THE DIMENSIONALITY OF THE AGING MODEL HUMAN PROCESSOR CHAPTER 6 AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN THE SPEED OF EXECUTIVE CONTROL CHAPTER 7 LIFESPAN TRAJECTORIES CHAPTER 8 THE ROLE OF GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES CHAPTER 9 AGE-RELATED SLOWING AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO COMPLEX ABILITIES CHAPTER 10 THE ELEMENTS OF COGNITIVE AGING: CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES INDEX
El efecto de la edad relativa en el fútbol español: temporada 2013/14 Relative Age Effect in Spanish Football: the 2013/14 Season

Relative Age Effect in Spanish Football: the 2013/14 Season Grouping people by chronological age reveals developmental differences between them. Such differences of up to twelve months are known as 'relative age' and its consequences constitute what is termed the 'relative age effect' (RAE). Nowadays, studies on football point to the possible selection of talented players influenced by this phenomenon that is detrimental to players born in the last months of the year. The objective of this paper is to study the presence of the 'relative age effect' in the Spanish Football Premier League during the 2013/14 season. The analysis includes all Premier League players in the 2013/14 season (20 teams, 474 players). Frequencies were established by quarters and semesters, and the chi-square test was used to verify the homogeneity of the distribution. Results confirmed a greater representation of players born in the first half of the year, indicating statistically significant values (p 0.05). Conclusions confirm a slight increase of this RAE phenomenon in the 2013/2014 season. Therefore, a review of selection procedures of players is required in order to balance the probabilities of success for those who are born later in the year.
Sounds of Silence: Empty Elements in Syntax and Phonology

In the early 80s, largely due to Chomsky's Lectures on Government and Binding and ensuing research, a kind of encompassing theory of empty elements had emerged. This theory was largely concerned with silent subjects, silent pronominals, and various kinds of traces of movement. Since then, however, the picture has become more blurred. More types of empty elements were proposed, ellipsis phenomena began to receive some attention, and interface issues arose: are silent elements silent due to deletion (or failure to be spelled out) at the phonetic interface or are they independently existing items in the lexicon that simply fail to have a phonetic form? Furthermore, silent elements are also ubiquitous in phonology and similar questions arise: can syllables have empty nuclei, can segments fail to be pronounced when they are not properly attached to a slot in a (supra-) segmental structure? Sounds of Silence is an attempt to bring together a number of original contributions that all address such questions. And while a new encompassing theory is not yet in sight, this book helps pave the way. This book offers a study of "empty elements" in language use. The original contributions are from an international list of authors.
Studying Sabotage-Tolerance Mechanisms through Web-based Parallel Parametric Analysis and Monte Carlo Simulation

In this paper, we show how we have been able to use parallel parametric analysis and Monte Carlo simulations, running on a Java applet-based volunteer computing system, Bayanihan, to develop and study new mechanisms for addressing the problem of sabotage by malicious volunteers in volunteer computing and Internet computing systems. We begin by describing the general-purpose framework we have developed for writing various parametric analysis and Monte Carlo applications on Bayanihan. Then, we give an overview of the sabotage-tolerance mechanisms we have developed, including voting, spot-checking, and credibilitybased fault-tolerance, and present some examples of results we have gotten using our simulator. Finally, we present performance results that show how parallelizing our simulator has made our research possible by enabling us to do parametric analysis in much less time than possible with a single computer.
Geon diagrams: a perception-based method for visualizing structured information

Abstract information is commonly structured, presented and communicated using diagrams. One particular type of diagram that has played a predominant role in the Information Sciences is the node-link diagram. Nodes that represent entities, objects, or units and links that represent relationships of various kinds between the nodes characterize this type of diagram. Visually these nodes are represented using outline forms such as boxes and circles and the links have been depicted with lines consisting of different characteristics. Recent advances in perception present evidence that our visual system is endowed with the capability of recognizing objects from their structural composition. This structure is inherently 3D in nature. This thesis investigates methods for applying these theories to creating diagrams that are more expressive a new kind of diagramming convention called a Geon Diagram. A series of experiments was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of Geon Diagrams. The results indicate that applying theories of structural object recognition to the construction of node-link diagrams can facilitate identification, recall, and understanding of diagram structures. The benefits are significant in comparison to diagrams created with box-and-line notations, or diagrams with elements consisting of 2D solid outline shapes. The results show that a diagrammatic notation based on perceptual semantics, such as those available from structural object recognition theories, can facilitate expert users in a given problem domain.
Mathematics in the early years

The Clemsons' clear and readable book takes the reader from debates about how children learn and what children know and can do when they start school; through to a discussion of how mathematics can be managed, assessed and evaluated in the school and classroom. Linking these two parts of the book is a section on the subject of mathematics itself, from which the non-specialist reader can gain a view of what mathematics is, what needs to be thought about in planning and offering a curriculum and the special dilemmas faced in teaching and learning mathematics as a subject. A bank of case studies offers an opportunity to see mathematics in action in a variety of classrooms.
Instructional Approaches for the Improvement of Reasoning in Introductory College Biology Courses: A Review of the Research.

This review explores the empirical research on nontraditional instruction methods and their effects on reasoning development in college students in introductory biology. A search of primary databases found relatively few empirical studies, but eventually nine relevant empirical studies were identified. Findings suggest that inquiry-based, nontraditional collaborative instruction is more effective than traditional, lecture-based instruction in developing higher order reasoning skills in introductory college biology courses. Gains in reasoning do not appear to be achieved at the loss of content acquisition. Methods that emphasize writing have higher success in developing reasoning than methods that do not. Direct instruction in formal and informal reasoning leads to gains in those reasoning skill areas. Many questions about the strength of effects and how different instructional variables play a role in changing reasoning were apparent, but findings strongly support use of nontraditional inquiry-based collaborative methodologies for the development of student reasoning. (Contains 2 tables and 20 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. INSTRUCTIONAL APPROACHES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF REASONING IN INTRODUCTORY COLLEGE BIOLOGY COURSES: A REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY . 0cian le TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) IKI/1.5s document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. By Peter A. Daempfle, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Science Education Hobart and William Smith Colleges Scandling Center Box 4195 Geneva, NY 14456
New Strategies in Social Research: An Introduction and Guide

Preface. 1. Research Strategy and Theory Construction. 2. Middle--Range Theory and Research. 3. Grounded Theory and Field Research. 4. Grounded Theory on a Broader Canvass. 5. A Resource Map for Research. 6. Data and Method in Multi--Strategy Research. 7. Research Strategy and Theory Building. 8. Investigating Power, Commitment and Constraint. 9. The Historical Dimension. 10. New Strategies: Some Reflections and a Practical Guide. References. Index.
The Effect of the Private Classroom Blog on the Acquisition of Formal Writing Proficiency with Spanish III High School Students

This study examined the impact of a private classroom blog implemented as an instructional technology on student writing proficiency in a world language with the focus on formal writing. The nonequivalent control-group, pre-posttest design was used to determine if the use of the private classroom blog in teaching world language formal writing affected student writing proficiency with the specific focus on task completion, comprehensibility, level of discourse, vocabulary, and language control. This research study used a convenience sample of sophomore, junior, and senior students in a Georgia public high school. Independent raters evaluated students’ writings using the Fairfax County Public Schools writing analytic rubric for level three. The researcher used ANCOVA to compare the posttest mean of the experimental group to the posttest mean of the control group in each category. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in any of the categories. Study limitations are outlined and suggestions for future research are included.
Investigating the neural basis of learning using brain-computer interfaces

Learning a new skill requires one to produce new patterns of activity among networks of neurons. This applies not only to physical skills, such as learning to play a new sport, but also to abstract skills, such as learning to play chess. An abstract skill that we can use to study the neural mechanisms of learning, in general, is controlling a brain-computer interface (BCI). BCIs were conceived of as assistive devices to help people with paralysis, limb-loss, or other neurological disorder, but they have also proven effective as tools to study the neural basis of sensory-motor control and learning. We tested the ability of subjects to generate neural activity patterns required to control arbitrary BCI decoders. We found that the subjects could more easily learn to control the decoder when they could use existing patterns of neural activity than when they needed to generate new patterns. We also analyzed the way in which subjects adapted their neural activity during learning. We found that neural activity adapts in a way that is consistent with the learning-related performance improvements and that the trial-to-trial variability of neural activity decreased as performance improved. We tested how specific properties of BCI decoders, which translate neural activity into movements of the effector, influence the ability to learn to control a BCI by incorporating dimensionality reduction into a Kalman filter and assessing how performance related to the number of latent dimensions. We found that the subjects could use a standard Kalman filter just as well as a Kalman filter that incorporates dimensionality reduction. However, as the dimensionality of the model increased, performance improved up to an asymptotic level. Lastly, we tested whether increasing the difficulty of a task would lead the subjects to learn to demonstrate better BCI performance. We implemented an instructed path task that required the animals to move a cursor along re-defined paths, and we found that this task motivated one monkey to improve his performance. In all, these studies help to uncover what contributes to BCI control, and they help pave the way for transitioning BCIs from the lab to the clinic.
Human Factors Methods.

Abstract : The development, evaluation, and elements of a methodology for the collection, during operational testing, of operator and maintainer error frequency and criticality data suitable for use in operator/system reliability models and predictions are described. The methodology includes a technique for training system experts as data collectors as a means of increasing the effective coverage of the system by Human Factors Engineering test and evaluation personnel. It also describes a modification of the basic methodology which uses video records of operator/maintainer task performance for a posteriori error assessment in cases where real-time data collection is difficult or impossible. Other alternate methods of error data collection are also suggested. Recommendations are also made for a methodology study to develop suitable human error probability (HEP) prediction techniques, the establishment of an HEP data base for military systems, and the development of a standardized instrument for recording operator transactions at complex control/display consoles. (Author)
What We Know after a Decade of Hong Kong Extensive Reading Scheme.

If literacy is defined as the ability to read and write, in the context of Hong Kong, literacy is more commonly known as language proficiency. The introduction of the Hong Kong Extensive Reading Scheme in English (HKERS) in 1991 aimed to motivate the students to read and thus enhance their English proficiency. Yet, as of 2001, after a decade since its introduction, motivating students to read more English is still a daunting job. The attitude towards English reading among the students of Hong Kong remains negative, and the motivation to read stays at the same low level. Concern about declining English proficiency among the students is still widespread. If biliteracy (mastered written Chinese and English) and trilingualism (speak fluent Cantonese, Putonghua, and English) are the ultimate aims of Hong Kong is education policy on language proficiency, then that policy is a long way from realizing its goals. This paper attempts to look into the reasons why the English proficiency level has not changed much since the introduction of the HKERS and suggest what can be done further to make HKERS work best for the students of Hong Kong. It is suggested that general reading skills be strengthened, a favorable environment for reading be created, labeling be eliminated, the connection between reading and writing be more effectively understood, and a wide selection of authentic and relevant reading materials be made available. (Contains 17 references.) (KFT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. What we know after a decade of Hong Kong Extensive Reading Scheme
DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM AND CONCEPTS OF TOLL-PLAZA PLANNING

This paper presents a methodology for the planning or urban toll plazas. It presents prominent toll plaza planning components and the necessary input parameters. A discussion and explanation are presented for the recommended design percentiles for throughput capacities of manual, automatic and automatic vehicle identification (AVI) lanes. Other design concepts are discussed, including growth in AVI lanes. Traffic and AVI growth models are presented, and their impact on plaza size and configuration is discussed.
LA RECHERCHE INTERNATIONALE EN ÉDUCATION STATISTIQUE : ÉTAT DES LIEUX ET QUESTIONS VIVES

Cet article a pour objectif de decrire le champ de la recherche en education statistique. Je presente tout d’abord les origines de ce champ en centrant mon propos sur le groupe de reflexion international cree dans les annees 80 et sur la reforme de l’enseignement de la statistique qui a eu lieu dans les annees 90 aux USA. Je dresse ensuite un tableau rapide des travaux de recherche menes dans ce domaine : themes, nationalites, profils des chercheurs, lieux de diffusion des travaux, cadres mobilises. Enfin, j’aborde la question, qui reste vive, de la relation entre probabilites et statistique ainsi que celle du rapport a la realite. Mots-cles : recherche, education statistique. International research in statistics education: state of the art and main issues This article aims to introduce the field of research in statistics education. I start by explaining what the origins of this field are, by introducing the international research group created in the 80s and the reform of statistics education in the 90s in the US. I then draw up a brief inventory of research work in this field: themes, nationalities and researchers’ profiles, scientific journals, frameworks and methodologies. I address the question of the relationship between probability and statistics and the question of the relationship to reality. Keywords: research, statistics education.
Writing in the Middle: A Qualitative Study of Seventh Grade Language Arts Teachers

The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe what four seventh-grade teachers in four districts in southern Idaho do that helps achievement on both the Direct Writing Assessment (DWA) and Idaho Standards Achievement Test (ISAT). Through analysis of interview, observations, and classroom documents, similarities and differences between the four teachers was documented and reported. The results of this study suggest there are key practices that these teachers have in common that may contribute to student test success, but it also suggests that state standards and assessments influence the teaching practices of these successful teachers in both positive and negative ways.
Learning to Read Across Languages : Cross-Linguistic Relationships in First- and Second-Language Literacy Development

This book systematically examines how learning to read occurs in diverse languages, and in so doing, explores how literacy is learned in a second language by learners who have achieved at least basic reading skills in their first language. As a consequence of rapid globalization, such learners are a large and growing segment of the school population worldwide, and an increasing number of schools are challenged by learners from a wide variety of languages, and with distinct prior literacy experiences. To succeed academically these learners must develop second-language literacy skills, yet little is known about the ways in which they learn to read in their first languages, and even less about how the specific nature and level of their first-language literacy affects second-language reading development. This volume provides detailed descriptions of five typologically diverse languages and their writing systems, and offers comparisons of learning-to-read experiences in these languages. Specifically, it addresses the requisite competencies in learning to read in each of the languages, how language and writing system properties affect the way children learn to read, and the extent and ways in which literacy learning experience in one language can play a role in subsequent reading development in another. Both common and distinct aspects of literacy learning experiences across languages are identified, thus establishing a basis for determining which skills are available for transfer in second-language reading development. Learning to Read Across Languages is intended for researchers and advanced students in the areas of second-language learning, psycholinguistics, literacy, bilingualism, and cross-linguistic issues in language processing.
Effects of Temperature on the Incubation Period and Reproductive Performance of Berried Female Blue Swimming Crab, Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Under Cultured Conditions

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different temperature on incubation period, and reproductive performance of berried female blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus. The results showed that the temperatures significantly affect the incubation period, fertilization and hatching rate of egg. The egg incubation period decreased exponentially from 8.33 to 6.67 days with increasing temperature in the range 28-34EC. The best fertilization and hatching rate of eggs were obtained at temperature in the range 28-30EC and 28-32EC, respectively. Relationship between temperature and incubation period, fertilization and hatching rate of eggs was found to be quadratic.
Protocoles de transport pour la diffusion vidéo temps-réel sur lien sans-fil

Les communications multimedia a forte contrainte de delai dominent de plus en plus l'Internet et supportent principalement des services interactifs et de diffusion de contenus multimedia. En raison de la proliferation des peripheriques mobiles, les liaisons sans-fil prennent une part importante dans la transmission de ces donnees temps reel. Un certain nombre de questions doivent cependant etre abordees afin d'obtenir une qualite de service acceptable pour ces communications dans ces environnements sans-fil. En outre, la disponibilite de multiples interfaces sans-fil sur les appareils mobiles offre une opportunite d'ameliorer la communication tout en exacerbant encore les problemes deja presents sur les liaisons sans-fil simples. Pour faire face aux problemes d'erreurs et de delai de ces liaisons, cette these propose deux ameliorations possibles. Tout d'abord, une technique d'amelioration pour le protocole de transport multimedia Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP/CCID4) pour lien long delai (par exemple, lien satellite) qui ameliore significativement les performances du transport de la voix sur IP (VoIP). En ce qui concerne les erreurs de lien et le multi-chemin, cette these propose et evalue un code a effacement adapte au protocole Stream Transport Control Protocol (CMT-SCTP). Enfin, un outil d'evaluation en ligne de streaming de qualite video, implementant une methode cross-layer d'evaluation de la qualite video en temps-reel pour encodeur H.264 est propose a la communaute reseau en open-source.