Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regeneration characteristics of different dental derived stem cell sheets.

BACKGROUND Although cell sheets have gained much interest as a non-scaffold strategy for tissue regeneration, the regenerative features of different cell sheets remain unclear. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to compare the regeneration characteristics of cell sheets derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs). METHODS DPSCs, PDLSCs, and SCAPs from the same individual were acquired and induced to form sheets using 20 μg/mL vitamin C. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of collagen I, fibronectin, integrin β1, and vimentin. Real time PCR was used to determine NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, and TERT gene expression. The cell sheets with HA/TCP were transplanted into nude mice subcutaneously to evaluate tissue regeneration characteristics. RESULTS No obvious differences were found in the histological structure and extracellular matrix protein expression between DPSC, PDLSC, and SCAP sheets. DPSC sheet showed higher expression of OCT4 and TERT than PDLSC and SCAP sheets. All three cell sheets displayed the ability of mineral tissue formation and highly expressed periostin. The tissue derived from DPSC sheet showed higher CD31 expression and porous fibers compared with that from the others. The tissue fibers formed from PDLSC sheet were directionally arranged, while the tissue derived from SCAP sheet showed highest mineral tissue formation. CONCLUSION Although in vitro DPSC, PDLSC, and SCAP cell sheets have similar characteristics, their regenerative characteristics in vivo are different, with each showing potential application for regeneration of different tissues. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Are methane emissions from mangrove stems a cryptic carbon loss pathway? Insights from a catastrophic forest mortality.

•Growing evidence indicates tree-stem methane emissions may be an important and un-accounted for component of local, regional and global carbon budgets. Studies to date have focussed on upland and freshwater swamp-forests; however, no data on tree-stem fluxes from estuarine species currently exist. •Here we provide the first-ever mangrove tree-stem methane flux measurements from >50 trees (n=230 measurements), in both standing dead and living forest, from a region suffering a recent large-scale climate-driven dieback event (Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia). •Average methane emissions from standing dead mangrove tree-stems were 249.2 ± 41.0 μmol m-2 d-1 and eight-fold higher than from living mangrove tree-stems (37.5 ± 5.8 μmol m-2 d-1 ). The average methane flux from tree-stem bases (~10cm above ground) was 1071.1 ± 210.4 μmol m-2 d-1 and 96.8 ± 27.7 μmol m-2 d-1 from dead and living stands respectively. Sediment methane fluxes and redox potentials did not differ significantly between living and dead stands. Our results suggest both dead and living tree-stems act as methane conduits to the atmosphere, bypassing potential sedimentary oxidation processes. •Although large uncertainties exist when up-scaling data from small-scale temporal measurements, we estimated that dead mangrove tree-stem emissions may account for ~26% of the net ecosystem methane flux. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Liver Injury and Failure in Critical Illness

The frequency of acquired liver injury and failure in critical illness has been significantly increasing over recent decades. Currently, liver injury and failure are observed in up to 20% of patients in intensive care units and are associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Secondary forms of liver injury in critical illness are divided primarily into cholestatic, hypoxic, or mixed forms. Therefore, sufficient knowledge of underlying alterations (e.g., hemodynamic, inflammatory, or drug induced) is key to a better understanding of clinical manifestations, prognostic implications, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic options of acquired liver injury and failure. This review provides a structured approach for the evaluation and treatment of acquired liver injury and failure in critically ill patients.
Sentiment Independent Topic Detection in Rated Hospital Reviews

We present a simple method to find topics in user reviews that accompany ratings for products or services. Standard topic analysis will perform sub-optimal on such data since the word distributions in the documents are not only determined by the topics but by the sentiment as well. We reduce the influence of the sentiment on the topic selection by adding two explicit topics, representing positive and negative sentiment. We evaluate the proposed method on a set of over 15,000 hospital reviews. We show that the proposed method, Latent Semantic Analysis with explicit word features, finds topics with a much smaller bias for sentiments than other similar methods.
What works and how: Adult learner perspectives on an autism intervention training program in India

A significant treatment gap exists in low and middle income countries such as India for children with autism spectrum disorder. The Autism Intervention Training Program, a comprehensive 6-month program for training professionals in transdisciplinary evidence-based practices to address concerns associated with autism spectrum disorder, was piloted in India to address this gap. This study attempted to capture the perspectives of trainees on the effectiveness of andragogical approaches adopted in the Autism Intervention Training Program and the impact of this training on their work. An exploratory qualitative study was conceptualized, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 Autism Intervention Training Program trainees. Trainees highlighted the benefits of a blended training format, peer learning, and a responsive, reflective, experiential, and respectful approach to teaching and supervision. The impact of the program was perceived through an increase in trainees’ knowledge and skills, impact on their organizations, and positive outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder and their families. There is a need to develop and document comprehensive, contextualized, and evidence-based training programs for autism spectrum disorder professionals in low and middle income countries. Focusing on andragogical frameworks while conceptualizing and delivering these training programs is underscored, as approaches that promote self-efficacy in learners and enable transformative learning can lead to a cascading impact in resource-constrained settings.
Effect of curcuma on zinc, lipid profile and antioxidants levels in blood and tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed zinc deficiency diet

Abstract Due to the importance of zinc as an antioxidant and its crucial role in insulin synthesis, its deficiency may affect adversely diabetic state. So, this study aimed to modulate these effects using Curcuma longa as natural antioxidant. Rats were divided into four groups: two groups fed a zinc sufficient diet one non-diabetic and the other diabetic, while the others two groups diabetic rats fed a zinc-deficient diet, one non-treated group and the other treated with curcuma 1% diet. After four weeks of dietary manipulation, fasting animals were scarified. Zinc deficiency decreased body weight, insulin, zinc tissues, alkaline phosphatase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Conversely glucose, lipids profile, transaminases and malondialdehyde were increased. However, the above-mentioned parameters were significantly improved following curcuma supplementation. So it seems that curcuma is a potent factor for reducing the oxidative severity of zinc deficiency in experimental diabetes through its antioxidants actions.
Statistics for Environmental Science and Management

The Role of Statistics in Environmental Science Introduction Some Examples The Importance of Statistics in the Examples Chapter Summary Exercises Environmental Sampling Introduction Simple Random Sampling Estimation of Population Means Estimation of Population Totals Estimation of Proportions Sampling and Nonsampling Errors Stratified Random Sampling Post-Stratification Systematic Sampling Other Design Strategies Ratio Estimation Double Sampling0 Choosing Sample Sizes1 Unequal-Probability Sampling The Data Quality Objectives Process Chapter Summary Exercises Models for Data Statistical Models Discrete Statistical Distributions Continuous Statistical Distributions The Linear Regression Model8 Factorial Analysis of Variance Generalized Linear Models Chapter Summary Exercises Drawing Conclusions from Data Introduction Observational and Experimental Studies True Experiments and Quasi-Experiments Design-Based and Model-Based Inference Tests of Significance and Confidence Intervals Randomization Tests Bootstrapping Pseudoreplication Multiple Testing Meta-Analysis Bayesian Inference Chapter Summary Exercises Environmental Monitoring Introduction Purposely Chosen Monitoring Sites Two Special Monitoring Designs6 Designs Based on Optimization Monitoring Designs Typically Used Detection of Changes by Analysis of Variance Detection of Changes Using Control Charts Detection of Changes Using CUSUM Charts Chi-Squared Tests for a Change in a Distribution Chapter Summary Exercises Impact Assessment Introduction The Simple Difference Analysis with BACI Designs Matched Pairs with a BACI Design. Impact-Control Designs Before-After Designs Impact-Gradient Designs Inferences from Impact Assessment Studies Chapter Summary Exercises Assessing Site Reclamation Introduction Problems with Tests of Significance The Concept of Bioequivalence Two-Sided Tests of Bioequivalence Chapter Summary Exercises Time Series Analysis Introduction Components of Time Series Serial Correlation Tests for Randomness Detection of Change Points and Trends More-Complicated Time Series Models Frequency Domain Analysis Forecasting Chapter Summary Exercises Spatial-Data Analysis Introduction Types of Spatial Data Spatial Patterns in Quadrat Counts Correlation between Quadrat Counts Randomness of Point Patterns Correlation between Point Patterns Mantel Tests for Autocorrelation The Variogram Kriging Correlation between Variables in Space Chapter Summary Exercises Censored Data Introduction Single Sample Estimation Estimation of Quantiles Comparing the Means of Two or More Samples Regression with Censored Data Chapter Summary Exercises Monte Carlo Risk Assessment Introduction Principles for Monte Carlo Risk Assessment Risk Analysis Using a Spreadsheet Chapter Summary Exercises Final Remarks Appendices References Index
On Importance of Main Economic Categories: Jel Codes Analysis

This article contributes to an increasing number of papers on economic profession and deals with analysis both the most popular categories for the period 1998–2007 and their dynamics over time. We use data on topics covered by papers published in years 1998–2008 given by codes of Journal of Economics Literature (JEL) classification system. The data are analyzed not only by using descriptive statistics but also by applying tools of frequentist trend. We show that an increase in the number of papers published is connected with an increase in the number of different JEL codes used. Moreover we study the importance of different sub-fields of economics, how it is changing over time. Aggregation of JEL codes may influence observed trends. Using most detailed JEL codes allows to observe some phenomena not visible in case of aggregation.
SHOC2 complex-driven RAF dimerization selectively contributes to ERK pathway dynamics

Significance The ERK signaling pathway is hyperactivated in a majority of cancers. However, because it mediates myriad physiological responses, the clinical efficacy of current ERK pathway inhibitors has been severely limited by toxicity. This study uncovers both SHOC2 phosphatase complex-dependent and -independent mechanisms of RAF and ERK activation that are differentially engaged in a context and spatio-temporal–dependent manner. KRAS oncogenic signaling preferentially depends on SHOC2 dependent-mechanisms, which thus presents a therapeutic opportunity. This study provides a molecular framework for how targeting the SHOC2-holophosphatase regulatory node of the RAF activation process provides a mechanism for selective inhibition of ERK signaling. Despite the crucial role of RAF kinases in cell signaling and disease, we still lack a complete understanding of their regulation. Heterodimerization of RAF kinases as well as dephosphorylation of a conserved “S259” inhibitory site are important steps for RAF activation but the precise mechanisms and dynamics remain unclear. A ternary complex comprised of SHOC2, MRAS, and PP1 (SHOC2 complex) functions as a RAF S259 holophosphatase and gain-of-function mutations in SHOC2, MRAS, and PP1 that promote complex formation are found in Noonan syndrome. Here we show that SHOC2 complex-mediated S259 RAF dephosphorylation is critically required for growth factor-induced RAF heterodimerization as well as for MEK dissociation from BRAF. We also uncover SHOC2-independent mechanisms of RAF and ERK pathway activation that rely on N-region phosphorylation of CRAF. In DLD-1 cells stimulated with EGF, SHOC2 function is essential for a rapid transient phase of ERK activation, but is not required for a slow, sustained phase that is instead driven by palmitoylated H/N-RAS proteins and CRAF. Whereas redundant SHOC2-dependent and -independent mechanisms of RAF and ERK activation make SHOC2 dispensable for proliferation in 2D, KRAS mutant cells preferentially rely on SHOC2 for ERK signaling under anchorage-independent conditions. Our study highlights a context-dependent contribution of SHOC2 to ERK pathway dynamics that is preferentially engaged by KRAS oncogenic signaling and provides a biochemical framework for selective ERK pathway inhibition by targeting the SHOC2 holophosphatase.
New Advances Regarding Adaptation of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.

This is a review summarizing the development of vestibulo-ocular reflex adaptation behavior with relevance to rehabilitation over the last 10 years and follows the outline below: 1. VOR adaptation using head-on-body rotation a. The influence of training target contrast on VOR adaptation b. Position and velocity error signal driving VOR adaptation c. Active vs passive head rotation and VOR adaptation d. Sinusoidal vs head impulse VOR adaptation training e. Optimizing the single training session for VOR adaptation f. Consolidation between repeated training sessions and VOR adaptation g. Dynamic incremental VOR adaptation 2. The effect of aging on VOR adaptation 3. The efferent vestibular system and VOR adaptation 4. The role of the cerebellum on VOR adaptation 5. The role of the otolith on angular VOR adaptation 6. VOR adaptation using whole-body rotation.
Oxide Electronics Transferred on Stiff-Stripe/PDMS Substrate for High-Resolution Stretchable Displays

We report flexible oxide semiconductor-based electronics transferred on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer substrate in the form of stiff stripes for stretchable displays. Stiff stripes with optimized geometries are placed between PDMS substrate and oxide electronics to provide strong adhesion and mechanical protection. Amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) and gate driver circuits on polyimide substrate are cut into identical stripe shape and transferred onto the stiff region. The turn-on voltage ( ${V}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ ) and mobility of the fabricated a-IGZO TFTs vary within ±0.4 V and 7.4%, respectively, after 50% stretching and relaxation for 1000 cycles. The circuits on the stiff-stripe/elastomer substrate can be repeatedly stretched to 50% without mechanical and electrical degradations. The results can be used for practical stretchable displays with high resolution over a large area.
Pair-Navi: Peer-to-Peer Indoor Navigation with Mobile Visual SLAM

Existing indoor navigation solutions usually require pre-deployed comprehensive location services with precise indoor maps and, more importantly, all rely on dedicatedly installed or existed infrastructure. In this paper, we present Pair-Navi, an infrastructure-free indoor navigation system that circumvents all these requirements by reusing a previous traveler’s (i.e. leader) trace experience to navigate future users (i.e. followers) in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) mode. Our system leverages the advances of visual SLAM on commercial smartphones. Visual SLAM systems, however, are vulnerable to environmental dynamics in the precision and robustness and involve intensive computation that prohibits real-time applications. To combat environmental changes, we propose to cull non-rigid contexts and keep only the static and rigid contents in use. To enable real-time navigation on mobiles, we decouple and reorganize the highly coupled SLAM modules for leaders and followers. We implement Pair-Navi on commodity smartphones and validate its performance in three diverse buildings. Our results show that Pair-Navi achieves an immediate navigation success rate of 98.6%, which maintains as 83.4% even after two weeks since the leaders’ traces were collected, outperforming the state-of-the-art solutions by >50%. Being truly infrastructure-free, Pair-Navi sheds lights on practical indoor navigations for mobile users.
Development of a predictive risk model for school readiness at age 3 years using the UK Millennium Cohort Study

Objectives The aim of this study is to develop a predictive risk model (PRM) for school readiness measured at age 3 years using perinatal and early infancy data. Design and participants This paper describes the development of a PRM. Predictors were identified from the UK Millennium Cohort Study wave 1 data, collected when participants were 9 months old. The outcome was school readiness at age 3 years, measured by the Bracken School Readiness Assessment. Stepwise selection and dominance analysis were used to specify two models. The models were compared by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Results Data were available for 9487 complete cases. At age 3, 11.7% (95% CI 11.0% to 12.3%) of children were not school ready. The variables identified were: parents’ Socio-Economic Classification, child’s ethnicity, maternal education, income band, sex, household number of children, mother’s age, low birth weight, mother’s mental health, infant developmental milestones, breastfeeding, parents’ employment, housing type. A parsimonious model included the first six listed variables (model 2). The AUROC for model 1 was 0.80 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.81) and 0.78 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.79) for model 2. Model 1 resulted in a small improvement in discrimination (IDI=1.3%, p<0.001). Conclusions Perinatal and infant risk factors predicted school readiness at age three with good discrimination. Social determinants were strong predictors of school readiness. This study demonstrates that school readiness can be predicted by six attributes collected around the time of birth.
Predictors and outcomes associated with therapeutic alliance in cognitive behaviour therapy for children with autism

Therapeutic alliance is often an important aspect of psychotherapy, though it is rarely examined in clients with autism. This study aims to determine the child pre-treatment variables and treatment outcomes associated with early and late alliance in cognitive behaviour therapy targeting emotion regulation for children with autism. Data were collected from 48 children with autism who participated in a larger randomized-controlled trial. Pre-treatment child characteristics included child, parent, and clinician report of child emotional and behavioural functioning. Primary outcome measures included child and parent-reported emotion regulation. Therapeutic alliance (bond and task-collaboration) was measured using observational coding of early and late therapy sessions. Pre-treatment levels of child-reported emotion inhibition were associated with subsequent early and late bond. Pre-treatment levels of parent and child-reported emotion regulation were related to early and late task-collaboration. Late task-collaboration was also associated with pre-treatment levels of behavioural and emotional symptom severity. Task-collaboration in later sessions predicted improvements in parent-reported emotion regulation from pre- to post-therapy. Future research is needed to further examine the role of task-collaboration as a mechanism of treatment change in therapies for children with autism.
Sex Differences in the Presence and Severity of Alcohol Hangover Symptoms

Studies have demonstrated significant sex differences in alcohol intoxication effects. In contrast, the majority of studies on the alcohol hangover phase did not investigate sex differences. Therefore, the current study examined possible sex differences in the presence and severity of alcohol hangover symptoms. Data from n = 2446 Dutch students (male = 50.7%, female = 49.3%) were analyzed. They reported the presence and severity of 22 hangover symptoms experienced after their past month heaviest drinking occasion. Subjects were categorized according to their estimated peak blood alcohol concentration (eBAC) and presence and severity of the hangover symptoms were compared between men and women. In the lowest eBAC group (0% ≤ eBAC < 0.08%), no significant sex differences were found. In the subsequent eBAC group (0.08% ≤ eBAC < 0.11%), severity of nausea was significantly higher in women than in men. In the third eBAC group (0.11% ≤ eBAC < 0.2%), women reported higher severity scores on nausea, tiredness, weakness, and dizziness than men. Men reported the presence of confusion significantly more often than women, and women reported the presence of shivering significantly more often than men. In the fourth eBAC group (0.2% ≤ eBAC < 0.3%), women reported higher severity scores on nausea and tiredness than men. In the highest eBAC group (0.3% ≤ eBAC < 0.4%), no significant sex differences were found. In conclusion, across the eBAC groups, severity scores of nausea and tiredness were higher in women than in men. However, albeit statistically significant, the observed sex differences in presence and severity of hangover symptoms were of small magnitude, and therefore, have little clinical relevance.
A look into hallucinations: the relationship between visual imagery and hallucinations in Alzheimer's disease

ABSTRACT Introduction: We investigated the relationship between visual hallucinations and vividness of visual imagery in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Method: We recruited 28 patients with AD and 30 healthy control participants, matched for age and education. We evaluated proneness towards hallucinations with the Launay–Slade Hallucinations Scale, which includes items assessing visual and auditory hallucinations. We also evaluated vividness of visual imagery with the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire on which participants had to imagine four images (i.e., imagining the face of a friend, the rising sun, a familiar shop-front, and a country scene) and report the vividness of the images they generated. Results: Analysis demonstrated significant positive correlations between visual hallucinations and vividness of visual imagery in AD patients, however, no significant correlations were observed between auditory hallucinations and vividness of visual imagery in these participants. No significant correlations were observed between hallucinations and vividness of visual imagery in healthy control participants, probably due to the lack of hallucinations in these participants. Discussion: These results demonstrate a selective relationship between the occurrence of visual (but not auditory) hallucinations and the ability to generate vivid visual images in AD.