Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Objectively identified comorbidities in COPD: impact on pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive intervention recognised as a core component in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1]. Comorbidities are highly prevalent in patients with COPD entering PR [2–4], which may be associated with the change in exercise performance and health status after PR [3–5]. Nonetheless, previous studies used self-reported and/or chart-based comorbidities, and only the impact of individual comorbidities or arbitrarily grouped comorbidities were studied [3, 4]. Patients with COPD and multiple comorbidities can still benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation http://ow.ly/LXAWc
Stroke Direction Asymmetry in Figure Drawing: Influence of Handedness and Reading/Writing Habits

Recent studies suggest that asymmetries noted in certain nonlinguistic tasks used in laterality research (e.g., facial affect judgment, line bisection) may in part be influenced by prior reading/writing habits. The present study examined the relative influence of reading/writing direction and handedness on the direction of stroke movement in free-hand figure drawing. One hundred twenty right and left handed brain-intact adult readers of scripts with opposing directionality (Hindi vs Urdu) and illiterate controls were observed while drawing a tree, a hand, a house, an arrow, a pencil, and a fish. Right-handers (including right-handed illiterates) and left-to-right readers drew most figures in a left-to-right direction, whereas left handers (including left handed illiterates) and right-to-left readers more often drew the figures from right to left. These results extend previous findings and contribute to a growing body of evidence demonstrating reading scan biases in nonlinguistic perception and production tasks. It would appear that reading/writing habits cannot be ignored as a potential artifact in studies of hemisphere functional asymmetry employing nonlinguistic stimuli.
Sexual conflict in primates

Sexual conflict is increasingly recognized as a major force for evolutionary change and holds great potential for delineating variation in primate behavior and morphology. The goals of this review are to highlight the rapidly rising field of sexual conflict and the ongoing shift in our understanding of interactions between the sexes. We discuss the evidence for sexual conflict within the Order Primates, and assess how studies of primates have illuminated and can continue to increase our understanding of sexual conflict and sexual selection. Finally, we introduce a framework for understanding the behavioral, anatomical, and genetic expression of sexual conflict across primate mating systems and suggest directions for future research.
Dissociated theta phase synchronization in amygdalo‐ hippocampal circuits during various stages of fear memory

The amygdala and the hippocampus are critically involved in the formation and retention of fear memories. However, their precise contribution to, and their interplay during, fear memory formation are not fully understood. In the present study we investigated network activities in the amygdalo‐hippocampal system of freely behaving mice at different stages of fear memory consolidation and retention. Our data show enhanced theta phase synchronization in this pathway during the retrieval of fear memory at long‐term (24 h post‐training), but not short‐term (2 min, 30 min and 2 h post‐training) stages, following both contextual and auditory cued conditioning. However, retrieval of remotely conditioned fear (30 days post‐training) failed to induce an increase in synchronization despite there still being memory retention. Thus, our data indicate that the amygdalo‐hippocampal interaction reflects a dynamic interaction of ensemble activities related to various stages of fear memory consolidation and/or retention, and support the notion that recent and remote memories are organized through different network principles.
D-Day sites in England: an assessment

Between midnight on 6 June (D-Day) and 30 June 1944, over 850,000 men landed on the invasion beachheads of Normandy, together with nearly 150,000 vehicles and 570,000 tons ofsupplies. Assembled in camps and transit areas over the preceding months, this force was dispatched from a string of sites along Britain's coastline between East Anglia and South Wales (Dobinson 1996: 2). The article reviews those sites in England involved in this embarkation. English Heritage's Monuments Protection Programme (MPP) aims to identify surviving sites and recommend appropriate protection for them.
Video‐laryngoscopes in the adult airway management: a topical review of the literature

The aim of the present paper is to review the literature regarding video‐laryngoscopes (Storz V‐Mac and C‐Mac, Glidescope, McGrath, Pentax‐Airway Scope, Airtraq and Bullard) and discuss their clinical role in airway management. Video‐laryngoscopes are new intubation devices, which provide an indirect view of the upper airway. In difficult airway management, they improve Cormack–Lehane grade and achieve the same or a higher intubation success rate in less time, compared with direct laryngoscopes. Despite the very good visualization of the glottis, the insertion and advancement of the endotracheal tube with video‐laryngoscopes may occasionally fail. Each particular device's features may offer advantages or disadvantages, depending on the situation the anaesthesiologist has to deal with. So far, there is inconclusive evidence indicating that video‐laryngoscopy should replace direct laryngoscopy in patients with normal or difficult airways.
Decision tree analysis of the predictors of Internet affinity

A recently developed model of Internet affinity was used for survey design and data collection on variables that have potential influence on affinity for Internet use. A total of 600 Croatian students with access to the Internet at their colledge participated in this survey. The collected data were used for investigation of the relation between decision tree analisys and regression analisys of predictor variables of Internet affinity. Different predictors were found to influence two distinct criteria of Internet affinity (1) frequency of Internet use and (2) desire to use the Internet. Decision tree analisys and regression analisys manifested much similarity in this uncovered lists of variables that affected the criteria. However, the results of decision tree analisys were more informative since they provided greater insight into the structural relations of important predictor variables and also into specific subgroups of subjects in the survey.
Hollywood and ECT

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has featured in Hollywood films for sixty years. Film depictions continue to exert a powerful and predominantly negative effect on public attitudes towards the treatment. From review of the 22 currently available films that directly refer to ECT the main themes identified are described. While initially portrayed as a dramatic but effective psychiatric intervention, ECT on film has come to stand for something quite different, representing the brutal and generally futile attempts of society to control and suppress the individual, gathering along the way a hackneyed cinematic grammar that emphasizes its inhumane and punitive nature. The film representation now has little in common with ECT as currently practised, such that filmmakers portraying ECT appear influenced more by films such as One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest than by evidence of the safety and effectiveness of ECT as a psychiatric treatment. Filmgoers with no personal or professional exposure to the treatment may fail to make the distinction between the demands of film narrative and clinical reality.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of pancreatic lymphoepithelial cysts

Lymphoepithelial cysts (LECs) of the pancreas are extremely rare, benign, nonneoplastic cysts that can mimic pseudocysts or cystic neoplasms clinically and radiographically. The cytologic features of LECs have been described only in a handful of case reports and may overlap with both benign and malignant pancreatic tumors.
Magnetotransport in heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides and graphene

We use a van der Waals pickup technique to fabricate different heterostructures containing WSe2(WS2) and graphene. The heterostructures were structured by plasma etching, contacted by one-dimensional edge contacts, and a top gate was deposited. For graphene/WSe2/SiO2 samples we observe mobilities of similar to 12 000 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). Magnetic-field-dependent resistance measurements on these samples show a peak in the conductivity at low magnetic fields. This dip is attributed to the weak antilocalization (WAL) effect, stemming from spin-orbit coupling. Samples where graphene is encapsulated between WSe2(WS2) and hexagonal boron nitride show a much higher mobility of up to similar to 120 000 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). However, in these samples noWAL peak can be observed. We attribute this to a transition from the diffusive to the quasiballistic regime. At low magnetic fields a resistance peak appears, which we ascribe to a size effect due to boundary scattering. Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in fully encapsulated samples show all integer filling factors due to complete lifting of the spin and valley degeneracies.
Hygiene Could Affect GERD Prevalence Independently: A Population-Based Study in Tehran

OBJECTIVE:Population-based data on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Iran are limited. Current study is going to determine the prevalence of GERD in Tehran, Iran, and its association with potential risk factors.METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, a random clustered sample of Tehran province permanent households was selected from the latest postcodes. Data were collected by direct interview for each person aged 18–65 yr. GERD was defined as the existence of at least weekly episodes of heartburn and/or acid regurgitation during the last 6 months. All participants were asked about past and recent sanitary conditions, oral hygiene, and smoking. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariable analysis.RESULTS:Interview was performed with 2,561 eligible subjects (42.3% men). Response rate was 84.8%. The prevalence of GERD was 21.2% (95% CI 18.7–23.7). According to multivariable logistic regression analyses, individuals whose drinking water was obtained from well or tank during childhood were more prone to experience GERD symptoms (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.03–1.77 and OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.53–3.96, respectively). We also detected significant associations with increasing number of missing teeth (P value for linear trend = 0.02) and history of unpurified water consumption during past 10 yr (P < 0.001). Current smokers had a higher prevalence of reflux (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.32–2.51). CONCLUSION:The prevalence of GERD in our Iranian population was considerably higher than that reported from other Asian studies approaching western figures. GERD prevalence was significantly associated with the history of unpurified water consumption, poor sanitary conditions of childhood, number of missing teeth, and smoking in this population.
The Course of 253 Analyses from Selection to Outcome

Two studies of the clinical work of experienced psychoanalysts are presented. Study I is a retrospective study of all the analytic work—161 cases—of sixteen analysts from l973 to l977, including their evaluations of the treatments at outcome. Study II is a prospective study of the ninety-two cases started in analysis by a group of twenty analysts between 1984 and l989 and followed to termination, including their reports. The history of each treatment as reported and evaluated by the analyst is examined in terms of: nature of the population, the analyst's view of the case when the initial recommendation was made, duration of treatment, therapeutic benefit, rating of analyzability at termination of treatment, nature of the termination, and cases changed to psychotherapy. Some old shibboleths are challenged as perspective on both the limitations and achievements of psychoanalysis emerges from the findings of the study.
Identification of FGF19 as a prognostic marker and potential driver gene of lung squamous cell carcinomas in Chinese smoking patients

Comprehensive genomic characterizations of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) have been performed, but the differences between smokers (S-LSCC) and never smokers (NS-LSCC) are not clear, as NS-LSCC could be considered as a different disease from S-LSCC. In this study we delineated genomic alterations in a cohort of 21 NS-LSCC and 16 S-LSCC patients, and identified common gene mutations and amplifications as previously reported. Inclusion of more NS-LSCC patients enabled us to identify unreported S-LSCC- or NS-LSCC-specific alterations. Importantly, an amplification region containing FGF19, FGF3, FGF4 and CCND1 was found five-times more frequent in S-LSCC than in NS-LSCC. Amplification of FGF19 was validated in independent LSCC samples. Furthermore, FGF19 stimulated LSCC cell growth in vitro. These data implicate FGF19 as a potential driver gene in LSCC with clinic characteristics as smoking.
The influence of depression and anxiety on risk of adult onset vulvodynia.

BACKGROUND Studies have shown that women with vulvodynia are more psychologically distressed than women without vulvodynia. These studies, however, have not effectively established temporal associations between diagnosed psychiatric disorders and vulvodynia. METHODS The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) was administered to 240 case-control pairs of women with and without vulvodynia. Interviews established age at first onset of diagnosed mood and anxiety disorder. Age information was used to determine whether the first episode of mood and/or anxiety was antecedent or subsequent to the first onset of vulvodynia symptoms. Conditional logistic regressions tested whether antecedent depression or anxiety was more likely among women with or without vulvodynia. Cox proportional hazards modeling was then used to estimate risk of subsequent new or recurrent onset of mood or anxiety disorder. RESULTS After adjusting for education, race, age at menarche, age at first tampon use, and age at first sexual intercourse, odds of vulvodynia were four-times more likely among women with antecedent mood or anxiety compared to women without (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1-7.5). Vulvodynia was associated with new or recurrent onset of mood or anxiety disorder after adjustment (hazard ratio [HR] 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6) and did not significantly change after including history of mood or anxiety disorder before the onset of vulvodynia or reference age of controls in the models. CONCLUSIONS This is the first community-based epidemiologic study demonstrating that DSM-IV-diagnosed antecedent depression and anxiety disorders influence the risk of vulvodynia and that vulvodynia increases the risk of both new and recurrent onset of psychopathology.
Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): a review

Soil microbial communities are often difficult to characterize, mainly because of their immense phenotypic and genotypic diversity. In the last ten years, a number of PGPR that have been identified has seen a great boost, mainly because the role of the rhizosphere as an ecological unit has gained importance in the functioning of the biosphere and also because mechanisms of action of PGPR have been deeply studied. A putative PGPR qualifies as PGPR when it is able to produce a positive effect on the plant upon inoculation, hence demonstrating good competitive skills over the existing rhizosphere communities. PGPR influence direct growth promotion of plants by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, Solubilizing insoluble phosphates, secreting hormones such as IAA, GAs, and Kinetins besides ACC (1-Aminocycloprapane-1-carboxylic acid) deaminase production, which helps in regulation of ethylene. Induced systemic resistance (ISR), antibiosis, competition for nutrients, parasitism, production of metabolites (hydrogen cyanide, siderophores) suppressive to deleterious rhizobacteria are some of the mechanism that indirectly benefit plant growth.
Predicting the Effects of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010

With the onset of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, more than 30 million Americans will become newly insured. This paper predicts how this change will impact patients as well as the health care system by examining the use of health care services by people those newly insured under Medicare. I find those with diabetes and other chronic conditions prefer to go to doctors in an office setting rather than to hospital emergency rooms at 65. Ultimately, this should lower the cost of health care as well as improve health outcomes over all. *Senior Honors Thesis, Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, email: ah.sabety@gmail.com Acknowledgements: I would like to thank Professor David Card for his weekly support, generosity and guidance throughout the entire process; I have been extremely lucky to benefit form his wisdom and insights. I would also like to thank Harrison Dekker in the data lab for his assistance every step of the way. Sabety 2
Ornament induced complications in snake bites: Revisiting the “Do it RIGHT” approach

Limb adorning ornaments (LAO) can exacerbate the local effects of envenoming in case of venomous snake bite. Cultural presuppositions do inhibit victims from removing symbolically/ritually important jewelry even under circumstances that might increase the dangers of envenoming-induced gangrene formation. The recommendation to remove the LAO is usually skipped in guidelines and if at all included the very real hazard is uncommonly documented. We observed 14 cases of snake bite with LAO on the bitten limb with minimal to severe local complications. The possible reasons were discussed with recommendations of proper and timely methods of removal of these ornaments. We suggest inclusion of this concept of 'Remove’ in the recommended first aid methods of the guidelines/protocols.
Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Features Among Children in France

Background: Earlier studies point to the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to be similar around the world. There is, however, a wide variety in estimates. The prevalence of ADHD in youth has never been examined in France. Method: Starting with 18 million telephone numbers, 7,912 numbers are randomly selected. Among the 4,186 eligible families, 1,012 (24.2%) are successfully recruited. A telephone interview is administered to all families about a child in the 6 to 12 age range. It covered family living situation, school performance, symptoms of ADHD, conduct disorder (CD), and oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD), and other features of ADHD. Results: The prevalence of ADHD in France is between 3.5% and 5.6%. The population prevalence of treatment for ADHD is 3.5%. ADHD youth are more likely to be men than women, and, compared to non-ADHD children, ADHD children are more likely to have CD and ODD. Having ADHD is associated with a family history of the disorder. The ADHD youth are more likely to have had learning difficulties, to have repeated a grade, and to be functioning academically below grade level. Conclusions: The epidemiology of ADHD in French children is similar to the epidemiology of ADHD in other countries. The disorder occurs in between 3.5% to 5.6% of youth and is more common among boys than among girls. The authors replicate the well-known association of ADHD with CD, ODD, and indices of school failure. The impact of ADHD symptoms on school performance highlights the importance of screening for such symptoms in schools.
US mesothelioma patterns 1973–2002: indicators of change and insights into background rates

Mesothelioma rates are declining toward background levels, although estimates of the background rate have varied. We expanded upon earlier analyses and provided a data-based estimate of the background rate. We analyzed US male and female patterns for five age groups using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registry data from 1973 to 2002. Age-specific and age-adjusted incidence rates per 1 000 000 persons per year, standardized to the 2000 US population, were calculated for total, pleural, and peritoneal mesothelioma. We also calculated rates for persons who attained working age after the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration asbestos exposure limits took effect. Mesothelioma rates observed among young males and females varied little over time. We observed a decline and convergence of recent male and female rates in older age groups, except those who are between the age of 60 and above, for whom the 2002 male rate was approximately five times greater than that of females. As expected, rates were higher in major shipyard areas on the West coast. Rates for persons with little or no opportunity for occupational asbestos exposure were 1.15 (95% confidence interval: 0.90–1.45) for men and 0.94 (95% confidence interval: 0.87–1.24) for women. Mesothelioma is rare in younger age groups, and rates have been relatively stable and similar for both sexes. Rates continue to decline in older age groups, but remain high for males at 60 years or older. Rates among females at older ages suggest an impact of occupational exposure. The background rate for persons below age 50 is approximately one per million, independent of sex. Future data are needed to estimate this rate for older age groups.
Perceived relationship quality in adolescents following early social-emotional deprivation

Children who spend their early life in social-emotionally depriving institutions have limited opportunities to engage in relationships. This early experience has been associated with many problematic behavioral outcomes; however, researchers have not frequently examined relationship quality of post-institutional adoptees, nor have they examined aspects of the adoptive family that might moderate institutionalization effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the self-reported relationship quality of 10–17-year-old children adopted into the USA from Russian institutions and to determine whether sibling characteristics (relative age, gender composition, sibling adoption status) moderate institutionalization effects. Older age at adoption was related to poorer friendship and sibling, but not mother, relationship quality. Older siblings and same-sex siblings buffered children from this negative age-at-adoption association.