Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forced Convective and Nucleate Flow Boiling Heat Transfer to Alumnia Nanofluids

A large number of experiments have been performed to quantify the forced convective and nucleate flow boiling heat transfer coefficient of Al 2 O 3 water based nanofluid. The employed test loop provides conditions to investigate the influence of operating parameters such as heat flux, flow mass flux and volumetric concentration of nanofluids (0.5, 1 and 1.5%). Results demonstrate that two heat transfer regions are observed namely forced convective and nucleate boiling region. Investigating on the operating parameters illustrated that with increasing the heat flux and flow rate of nanofluid, heat transfer coefficient of nanofluid dramatically increases. In contrast, with increasing the volumetric concentration of nanofluid, controversial condition is observed such that increases the heat transfer coefficient in forced convective region is reported while reduction of heat transfer coefficient is seen for nucleate boiling zone. Obtained results were then compared to Chen and also Gungor-Winterton well-known correlations. Results of this comparison show that experimental data are in a good agreement with those of obtained by correlations.
Orbital stability of solitary waves for a nonlinear Schrödinger system

In this paper, we study the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system iut + uxx + (ajuj 2 + bjvj 2 )u = 0 ivt + vxx + (bjuj 2 + cjvj 2 )v = 0 where u;v are complex-valued functions of (x;t) 2 R 2 , and a;b;c 2 R. Our work shows that, for this system of equations, the interplay between components of solutions in terms of the parameters a;b;c plays an important role in both the existence and stability of solitary waves. In particular, we prove that solitary wave solutions to this system are orbitally stable when either 0 0 with b > maxfa;cg and b 2 > ac.
Triple operations of rendaku processing: Native Chinese and Korean speakers learning Japanese

Abstract The present study investigated a hypothesis proposing the involvement of three operations in processing Japanese sequential voicing (rendaku): a lexical-specific operation, an etymology-specific operation, and a rule-based operation. Second language (L2) learners of Japanese are in the process of constructing an L2 mental lexicon of Japanese, and this lexicon is assumed to display a clear contrast between rule-based and etymology-specific occurrences of rendaku in early-stage learning and lexical-specific rendaku at later stages as a result of memory-based lexical learning. Native Chinese (N=32) and Korean (N=32) speakers learning Japanese, matched for their lexical and grammatical knowledge, avoided applying rendaku in compounds with a medial voiced obstruent in the second element, indicating that Lyman’s Law is an active principle even in L2 acquisition. Both L2 learner groups also showed sensitivity to lexical strata by distinguishing Japanese-origin words (wago) from Sino-Japanese words (kango) and alphabetic loanwords (gairaigo). Thus, as factors of rendaku processing, Lyman’s Law is considered rule-based while lexical stratum is considered etymology-specific. In contrast, both L2 learner groups showed a low occurrence of rendaku both for Lyman’s Law exceptions (i.e., X+basigo) and for infrequent or rare words (i.e., X+zyootyuu). These instances can be considered memory-based, lexical-specific rendaku, which L2 learners must acquire as individual lexical items. This study indicated that all three described operations were used by L2 Japanese speakers to process rendaku.
The prevalence of pediculosis in rural South African schoolchildren

INFECTION WITH PEDICULUS HUMANUS VAR. capitis has been poorly studied in South Africa and little is known about head louse prevalence, particularly in rural areas. A prevalence survey of head lice among school pupils in Grades 1-7 (age range 6-13 years) was conducted at two primary schools, Sikhutsele and Barberton, 5 km apart in rural Barberton, Mpumalanga, during April 2001. Sikhutsele students are exclusively black children from a low socio-economic community, whereas Barberton is a multi-ethnic school with children from a relatively high socio-economic group. Four trained school health nurses examined the scalps and hair of all schoolchildren (with their parents consent) present on the day of the survey. Any evidence of head louse infection resulted in screening using a commercially available white hair-conditioner which was applied to the hair and immediately removed with a fine-toothed comb. Combings were wiped onto paper tissue and immediately examined under a dissecting microscope for eggs and head lice. There was no evidence of head louse infestation among the 300 school children screened at Sikhutsele. Fifteen (8.6%) of the 175 children screened by the same team at Barberton Primary School were infected with viable head lice. All these children were white, with a resulting 16% prevalence rate (15/93) amongst white schoolchildren examined in the school. Children in each grade were infected and more girls than boys (Χ2 = 4.17; P = 0.026). This study indicated that the overall prevalence of head lice in primary school pupils in Barberton is low and involves only the white ethnic group.
The Relationship between Parent Expectations and Postschool Outcomes of Adolescents with Disabilities

A secondary analysis was conducted of the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 to examine (a) main effects of parents' school and postschool outcome expectations on the actual outcomes achieved, (b) demographic moderators, and (c) adolescent autonomy as a mediator of parent expectations and outcomes. Parent expectations were found to significantly predict study outcomes. Moderator analysis indicated that disability type moderated the relationship between parent expectations and outcomes. Meditational analyses indicated that autonomy did not mediate the relationship between parent expectations and study outcomes. However, parent expectations significantly predicted levels of autonomy, and autonomy predicted a number of postschool outcomes. Together, these findings suggest a need for interventions that support and foster positive parent expectations and parental supports to promote autonomy development. Additional research is needed on the mechanisms by which parent expectations and autonomy affect the outcomes of adolescents with disabilities.
Age offsets among different biogenic and lithogenic components of sediment cores revealed by numerical modeling

For modeled sediment cores of the open ocean, a method for predicting simultaneously the ages of four different solid sediment compounds with respect to their depositional year onto the sediment surface is presented. The simulation of time-dependent age distribution in the sediment mixed layer and the eventually accumulating sediment is a prerequisite of a proper data assimilation of marine sediment core data into predictive climate models. Through such a data assimilation, marine paleoclimate data could then be efficiently used in order to optimally determine adjustable model parameters. The age simulation is based on a passive tracer transport method taking into account varying vertical advection rates within the sediment top layers, chemical pore water reactions, and bioturbation. It turns out that different weight fractions of the modeled sediment have different ages in one horizontal geometric depth-in-core level depending on the particle rain onto the sediment and the reactivity of the material within the sediment pore waters. For simultaneous consideration of paleoclimatic tracers associated within one and the same weight fraction, e.g., for calcium carbonate, tracers such as foraminiferal δ13C, and calcium carbonate weight percentages, this may not be critical. However, for simultaneous consideration of calcium carbonate and opal weight percentages, the age difference in the observed weight fractions may have to be corrected. The age offset between CaCO3 and opal depends critically on the sediment accumulation rate. Low-accumulation sites are more strongly affected than high-accumulation sites.
Multilevel Approach In Organizational Research: A Review Of Dual-Level Transformational Leadership

Due to the nature of organizations as hierarchically nested systems, multilevel theoretical models are relevant to the vast majority of organizational phenomena; hence, the main purpose of this review was clarifying the importance of conceptualization and testing theories at multiple levels of analysis. By doing this, the current study added to the gloom by providing a comprehension literature review with explicit consideration of multilevel directed theory and measures in organizational studies. Specifically, this review answered call for deliberate distinction between individual and group levels of analysis in leadership research, in particular transformational leadership (TFL) which in recent years, based on well-grounded theory stating to multiple levels is scarce. Our multilevel approach in examining organizational phenomena at different levels corroborates the recommendation to investigate the impact of constructs and their relationships at multiple levels of analysis. Finally, two prominent measurement models which have been conducted to exhibit dual level transformational leadership behaviors were recommended.
Linear Systems with Hard Constraints and Variable Set Points : Their Robustly Invariant Sets

where x(t) ∈ Rn, r ∈ Rm, w(t) ∈ Rl, Y ⊂ Rp and Z+ is the set of non-negative integers. Here r is a constant set point, w(t) is a disturbance input, and y(t) ∈ Y imposes a hard constraint on the evolution of (1) over t ∈ Z+. The disturbance sequence {w(t), t ∈ Z+}, abbreviated by {w(t)}, belongs to W := {w(t) ∈ W : t ∈ Z+}. Typically, (1) describes a well designed stable feedback system and (2) models rigorous limits on physical variables. The maximal, constraint-admissible set of initial conditions for (1)-(2) is
Recurrent Oral Inflammation in Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome

Abstract Background and aim: Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a disorder of abnormal lymphocyte survival caused by dysregulation of the Fas apoptotic pathway. In ALPS defective lymphocyte apoptosis manifests as a chronic, nonmalignant lymphadenopathy and/or splenomegaly/hepatosplenomegaly, expansion of double negative T cell (DNTC) – CD4 - CD8 - TCRI±I²+ T cells, autoimmune cytopenias and other autoimmune diseases. Patients demonstrate oral lesions which have not yet been reported in the literature. The aim of the study was to present the oral status of children with ALPS, associated mainly with haematologic and immunologic disorders. Material and methods: Among almost 1500 patients with primary immune deficiency diagnosed between 1980 and 2012 at the Department of Immunology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Warsaw (Poland) 7 cases of ALPS were identified according to ALPS diagnostic criteria. Routine immunological parameters were evaluated (serum immunoglobulin levels, immunophenotyping of peripheral lymphocytes, DNT cells, proliferative response to mitogens), vitamin B12 level, haematological and biochemical laboratory tests. Clinical course was retrieved retrospectively from medical records and evaluated during control visits. All patients were offered dental evaluation and treatment. Clinical examinations included the status of marginal gingiva, oral mucosa (the presence and type of lesions) and presence of caries. Results and conclusions: Almost all patients presented with leukopenia and granulocytopenia during control visits. Unsatisfactory oral hygiene status, carious cavities and gingivitis were found in all patients. In six subjects oral ulcers were also noticed. In two of them gingivitis was assessed as severe (with redness, swelling and spontaneous gingival bleeding), in other - as mild. An association between hematological and immune disorders and the health status of the oral mucosa and gingivae was observed in all but one patient. Findings included pale oral mucosa, a smooth tongue, recurrent mucosal ulcers, and gingivitis with bleeding. Their onset was accompanied by deterioration in the patients' general health condition and the presence of local causative factors. R ecurrent oral inflammation/aphtae can be the first symptom of ALPS and should be taken into account in differential diagnosis by paediatrician or general practitioner. It indicates strong need for cooperation between the dentists and immunologists and haematologists.
For ‘Love’ and Money: A Sports Club’s Innovative Response to Multiple Logics

This article builds on prior theory and research on institutional logics and shows how a multisports club changes during its organizational life from an all amateur or voluntary logic to embody multiple logics simultaneously with different subunits being aligned with different organizational fields. The emergence of the professional logic for elite soccer in the presence of a volunteer logic caused a change in the structure of the club whereby all the units in the club became economically and legally autonomous. Soccer was divisionalized into soccer for everybody and soccer for the elite. The creation of a shareholding company and the use of an investment company which introduced the commercial logic were the next steps. This paper extends the literature by suggesting that different and opposing institutional logics such as the amateur, the professional, and commercial logics can coexist within a multisports club or, to put it another way, that the multisports club may belong to several organizational fields.
Pasture access times and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows from central highland of Mexico

The objective was to assess the effect of different access times to pasture of grazing dairy cows on milk yield and fatty acid (FA) profile. Six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a repeated 3x3 Latin Square design. Treatments were 1) Eight hours of grazing (8h), 2) Eight hours of grazing divided in two periods (4+4h), and 3) Twelve hours of grazing (12h). Cows were fed maize silage and concentrate when confined in a free pen. There was no effect (P>0.05) on milk FA profile between 8h and 4+4h treatments. The 12h treatment showed a higher (P<0.05) concentration of rumenic acid (C18:2 c9t11) and higher total polyunsaturated FA in milk than milk from the other treatments. Cows grazing 8h and 4+4h had 36.3 and 27.9% higher (P<0.05) intake of maize silage compared to cows grazing 12h, but total DM intake was not affected (17.3 ± 1.9; P>0.05). There were no differences (P>0.05) in milk yield and chemical composition with different access times to pasture. The conclusion is that allowing 12h of grazing to dairy cows increased the concentration of C18:2 c9t11 in milk without affecting milk yield.
Chapter 1 Fifteen Years of Microcavity Polaritons

In semiconductors with a direct interband optical transition, the fundamental electronic excitations above the ground state are excitons, namely hydrogen-like bound electron-hole pairs. In a perfect bulk semiconductor material, however, a correct description of the excited states must include the linear coupling of excitons to the electromagnetic field. This coupling gives rise to normal modes that are linear superpositions of one exciton and one photon mode, called exciton-polaritons. Exciton-polaritons are the actual excited states of a bulk semiconductor. Bulk polaritons were suggested in 1958 by J. Hopfield [58] and measured a few years later by means of non-linear optical spectroscopy [2, 52, 57, 152]. The normal-mode coupling for polaritons is a result of momentum conservation in the exciton-photon interaction. This selection rule imposes a one-to-one coupling between exciton and photon modes having the same momentum. As a consequence, within the linear coupling regime, the situation is analogous to that of two linearlycoupled harmonic oscillators. Two normal modes at different energies, the upper and the lower polariton, are formed. Due to the very different exciton and photon energy dispersion, as a function of momentum, polariton modes display an anticrossing with a minimum energy separation that can be as large as 16 meV in bulk GaAs [2]. Within the anticrossing region, polaritons are full admixtures of exciton and photon modes, while they have pure exciton or photon character far from it. The concept of polaritons remained linked to the physics of bulk semiconductors for more than two decades. The progress in fabrication of epitaxial semiconductor heterostructures, particularly quantum wells (QWs) led naturally to a description of their electronic excitations in terms of the polariton concept. However, because of the mismatch in the dimensionality of excitons (2D) and photons (3D), momentum conservation applies only to the in-plane component, and one exciton mode couples to a continuum of photon modes, resulting in an irreversible radiative decay instead of a normal-mode coupling [6, 44]. Only at larger in-plane momenta, photon modes that are evanescent in the direction orthogonal to the QW can form surface polari-
Intercultural Development: Study Abroad vs. On-Campus Study.

This article presents a study based on a semester-long study abroad program in an English-speaking country. Some researchers have called for improved assessment of study abroad programs, while others suggest establishing a minimum standard for every program, including qualitative and quantitative measures. Therefore, if the goal is to assess whether improved intercultural development occurred as a result of students studying abroad, then this study’s results offer support that both the GPI and the IDI can fulfill this role.
CFD-DEM MODELLING OF GAS FLUIDIZATION OF PARTICLE MIXTURES WITH SIZE AND DENSITY DIFFERENCES

Mixing and segregation process in a gas fluidized bed with bi-sized particle mixtures (2 mm in diameter for jetsam particles and 1 mm for flotsam particles with 50% volume fraction for each type of particles) at different densities has been studied using a numerical model by coupling Discrete Element Method (DEM) for the solid phase with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the gas phase. It is shown that inverse segregation happens with jetsam particles sitting above flotsam particles by either increasing the density of flotsam particles or decreasing the density of jetsam particles. Two sets of density arrangement corresponding to the maximum mixing have been obtained: 2500 kg m for jetsam particles with 4000 kg m for flotsam particles; and 1500 kg m for jetsam particles and 2500 kg m for flotsam particles. It demonstrates the density ratio corresponding to the maximum mixing is dependent on the actual particle densities. The maximum mixing state is independent on gas injection velocities. Further work will be focused on the investigation of the underlying mechanisms governing mixing/segregation based on micro-dynamic information. These detailed investigations, together with extra DEMCFD simulations if necessary, are expected to yield a predictive model that can be reliably used to assist process design, control and optimisation of gas fluidized particle mixtures.
VLSI Architectures of Lifting-Based Discrete Wavelet Transform

The advantages of the wavelet transform over conventional transforms, such as the Fourier transform, are now well recognized. Because of its excellent locality in time-frequency domain, wavelet transform is remarkable and extensively used for signal analysis, compressing and denoising. Defining DWT by Mallat [1] provided possibility of its digitally hardware or software implementation. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) performs a multiresolution signal analysis which has adjustable locality in both the space (time) and frequency domains [1]. Unlike the Fourier transform, the wavelet transform has many possible sets of basis functions. A trade-off can be made between the choice of basis functions and the complexity of the corresponding hardware implementations. Using finite impulse response (FIR) filters and then subsampling is the classical method for implementing the DWT. Due to the large amount of computations required, there have been many research efforts to develop new rapid algorithms [2]. In 1996, Sweldens presented a lifting scheme for a fast DWT, which can be easily implemented by hardware due to significantly reduced computations [3]. This method is entirely based on a spatial interpretation of the wavelet transform. Moreover, it provides the capability of producing new mother wavelets for the wavelet transform, based on space domain features. Due to recent advances in the technology, implementation of the DWT on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and digital signal processing (DSP) chips has been widely developed. As described in Sect. 3, in the lifting scheme the structural processing elements, including multipliers, are arranged serially; hence, the number of multipliers in each pipeline stage determines the clock speed of the structure. Based on [4], the main challenges in the hardware architectures for 1-D DWT are the processing speed and the number of multipliers, while for 2-D DWT it is the memory issue that dominates the hardware cost and the architectural complexity. The reason is the limitation of the on-chip memory and the power consumption [4,5].
Toeplitz and Hankel operators on Bergman spaces

In this paper we consider Toeplitz and Hankel operators on the Bergman spaces of the unit ball and the polydisk in C n whose symbols are bounded measurable functions. We giv e necessary and sufficient conditions on the symbols for these operators to be compact. We study the Fredholm theory of Topelitz operators for which the corresponding Hankel operator is compact. For these Toeplitz operators the essential spectrum is computed and shown to be connected. We also consider symbols that extend to continuous functions on the maximal ideal space of H ∞(Ω); for these symbols we describe when the Toeplitz or Hankel operators are compact
Scale Across Self and Other Ratings Measurement Equivalence of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence

There exist a variety of measurement instruments for assessing emotional intelligence (EI). One approach is the use of other reports wherein knowledgeable informants indicate how well the scale items describe the assessed person’s behavior. In other reports, the same EI scales are typically used as in self-reports. However, it is not known whether the measurement structure underlying EI ratings is equivalent across self and other ratings. In this study, the measurement equivalence of an extant EI measure (Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale [WLEIS]) across self and other ratings was tested. Using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis, the authors conducted a sequence of increasingly more restrictive tests of equivalence across self and other ratings. The WLEIS was found to be configurally and metrically invariant across self and other ratings. However, there was no evidence for structural invariance between rater groups. Future research is needed to test the equivalence of other EI measures across self and other ratings.