Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF 1 : 1,000 SCALE MAP GENERATION BY STEREO PLOTTING USING UAV IMAGES

Abstract. Large scale maps and image mosaics are representative geospatial data that can be extracted from UAV images. Map drawing using UAV images can be performed either by creating orthoimages and digitizing them, or by stereo plotting. While maps generated by digitization may serve the need for geospatial data, many institutions and organizations require map drawing using stereoscopic vision on stereo plotting systems. However, there are several aspects to be checked for UAV images to be utilized for stereo plotting. The first aspect is the accuracy of exterior orientation parameters (EOPs) generated through automated bundle adjustment processes. It is well known that GPS and IMU sensors mounted on a UAV are not very accurate. It is necessary to adjust initial EOPs accurately using tie points. For this purpose, we have developed a photogrammetric incremental bundle adjustment procedure. The second aspect is unstable shooting conditions compared to aerial photographing. Unstable image acquisition may bring uneven stereo coverage, which will result in accuracy loss eventually. Oblique stereo pairs will create eye fatigue. The third aspect is small coverage of UAV images. This aspect will raise efficiency issue for stereo plotting of UAV images. More importantly, this aspect will make contour generation from UAV images very difficult. This paper will discuss effects relate to these three aspects. In this study, we tried to generate 1 : 1,000 scale map from the dataset using EOPs generated from software developed in-house. We evaluated Y-disparity of the tie points extracted automatically through the photogrammetric incremental bundle adjustment process. We could confirm that stereoscopic viewing is possible. Stereoscopic plotting work was carried out by a professional photogrammetrist. In order to analyse the accuracy of the map drawing using stereoscopic vision, we compared the horizontal and vertical position difference between adjacent models after drawing a specific model. The results of analysis showed that the errors were within the specification of 1 : 1,000 map. Although the Y-parallax can be eliminated, it is still necessary to improve the accuracy of absolute ground position error in order to apply this technique to the actual work. There are a few models in which the difference in height between adjacent models is about 40 cm. We analysed the stability of UAV images by checking angle differences between adjacent images. We also analysed the average area covered by one stereo model and discussed the possible difficulty associated with this narrow coverage. In the future we consider how to reduce position errors and improve map drawing performances from UAVs.
Período anterior à interferência de corda-de-viola em cana-planta

Sugarcane had great change in its production environment with the adoption of mechanized harvesting, highlighting the increasing importance of morning glory, for which there is no information about its interference in sugarcane cycle. The aim of this study was to determine the period prior to interference (PPI) of a weed community with predominance of Ipomoea hederifolia on sugarcane 'SP81-3250' in sugarcane plant cycle and its effect on technological parameters. Treatments consisted of increasing coexistence periods at the early of the cycle: 0, 0-15, 0-30, 0-45, 0-60, 0-75, 0-90, 0-120, 0-150, 0-180, 0-210, 0-270, 0-330 days after emergency. A randomized block design with four replications was used. Phytosociological analysis of weed community was performed, which confirmed morning glory dominance in the community and PPI obtained was 76 days after emergence, with a level of 5% of acceptable loss. The yield loss of industrialized stems due to morning glory interference was 17.5%. There was no change of sugarcane technological parameters. Additional keywords: competition; Ipomoea hederifolia; periods of interference; Saccharum spp.
Diets of Eucinostomus argenteus (Baird & Girard, 1855) and Diapterus rhombeus (Cuvier, 1829) (Perciformes: Gerreidae) in Caraguatatuba Bay, southeastern Brazil

This study examined the feeding habits of Eucinostomus argenteus and Diapterus rhombeus in Caraguatatuba Bay, through analysis of stomach contents, collected monthly between May 2003 and October 2004 with trawls in two areas. The fish were measured and the diet was identified and quantified. For E. argenteus, the total length ranged from 55 to 115 mm, and for D. rhombeus from 75 to 197 mm; all individuals of both species were sexually immature. E. argenteus consumed polychaetes and crustaceans. D. rhombeus had a more diverse diet, mainly polychaetes, crustaceans, amphipods, and shrimp. The DTL/SL ratio calculated for E. argenteus was 0.80 and for D. rhombeus, 1.12; therefore, the former species is classified as a carnivore and the latter as an omnivore, but with a relatively high overlap between them. Large amounts of organic material and detritus in the digestive contents of both species were associated with accidental ingestion, due to their benthivorous habit. Trematodes and nematodes found in the intestine of D. rhombeus were considered to be parasites.
Palaeoanthropology and the Evolutionary Place of Humans in Nature

Palaeoanthropology, the study of the fossil evidence for human evolution, remains a highly contested field. New discoveries are continuously being used to promote alternative models as well as to propose new candidates for our ultimate ancestor. The fossil evidence has increased over the years, and has been supplemented (and often challenged) by molecular data drawn from living people and the great apes. As recently as the 1980s, palaeoanthropologists proposed that human roots stretched back into the Middle Miocene, between 17 and 8 million years ago. Then the earliest true hominids or human ancestors became the South African australopithecines, who are less than 5 million years old. Now there appears to be a tremendous variety of early humans at all stages of their evolution. Along with this new research on the basal hominids has been a renewed interest about what it means to be Homo sapiens. Molecular and fossil data shows that Africa was also our homeland, and that all people today are descended from a small founder population in existence there between 50,000 and 200,000 years ago.
TROPHIC NICHE OF NEARCTIC SHORT-EARED OWLS

AssTticr. -The trophic niche of Short-eared Owls (Asiojlammeus) was analyzed using nine Nearctic studies reporting > 500 prey items each. Of 20,416 prey items, 4136 were from the breeding and 16,280 from the non-breeding seasons. The owls preyed upon at least 62 species from four classes of animals. Mammals constituted > 95% of prey from all but two sites. Food-niche breadth ranged from 1.23 to 5.20 (Z = 1.87), for combined studies, 1.3 1 to 1.87 (K = 1.50) for breeding, and 1.23 to 5.20 (3 = 2.00) for non-breeding seasons. Dietary evenness values ranged from 0.315 to 0.703 (.Z = 0.435), for combined studies, 0.331 to 0.404 (Z = 0.365) for the breeding season, and 0.315 to 0.703 (X = 0.458) for the non-breeding season. Estimated prey masses ranged between 28 and 325 g. Most prey, however, weighed between 28 and 100 g. Short-eared Owls from coastal areas preyed more on birds than those at inland sites. Received 9 May 1992, accepted 24 Dec. 1992. Despite numerous studies of the diet of the Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus), there has been no quantitative review of their trophic niche in the Nearctic zoogeographical region. Clark and Ward (1974) calculated prey diversity for the Short-eared Owl, using the published literature but did not state the criteria they used for assigning prey categories or go into much discussion of its meaning. Here, I summarize the trophic niche of Short-eared Owls from nine Nearctic studies. My objectives were to (1) compare trophic niche among studies, (2) compare trophic niche between breeding and non-breeding seasons, and (3) estimate prey size. METHODS I defined the trophic niche as the relationship between the owls and their food. I followed Marti’s (1987) definitions for trophic diversity where a broad food-niche breadth has high prey species numbers which are nearly equally distributed and a narrow food-niche breadth has few prey species numbers unequally distributed. I estimated trophic diversity by calculating food-niche breadth and dietary evenness. I compared breeding season (N = 3) and non-breeding season (N = 9) diets from studies with >500 prey items. I combined crustaceans, insects, and birds to the class level because species or genera were not always identified. To compare trophic niche among studies, I used only mammals identified to species. I did so because they represented >95.0% of prey from all but two studies. Foodniche breadth (FNB) was calculated using the antilog of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index because it is related linearly to the number of prey categories in the sample and is easy to interpret (Marti 1987). Evenness was calculated using Alatalo’s (198 1) modification of Hill’s (1973) equation: Evenness = (N, - l)/(N, - l), where N, = exp H’ and N, = l/Z p,*.
The rotational spectrum of protonated sulfur dioxide, HOSO+

Aims. We report on the millimeter-wave rotational spectrum of protonated sulfur dioxide, HOSO + . Methods. Ten rotational transitions between 186 and 347 GHz have been measured to high accuracy in a negative glow discharge. Results. The present measurements improve the accuracy of the previously reported centimeter-wave spectrum by two orders of magnitude, allowing a frequency calculation of the principal transitions to about 4 km s −1 in equivalent radial velocity near 650 GHz, or one linewidth in hot cores and corinos. Conclusions. Owing to the high abundance of sulfur-bearing molecules in many galactic molecular sources, the HOSO + ion is an excellent candidate for detection, especially in hot cores and corinos in which SO2 and several positive ions are prominent.
Piltdown: A Scientific Forgery

The search for Tertiary man: a prologue to Piltdown Piltdown: a prima facie case Bones, stones, and egos I: the Piltdown debates 1913 Bones, stones, and egos II: the Piltdown debates 1914-1917 Steps to the scaffold: the Piltdown controversy 1918-1950 Scotoanthropus fraudator Black knights and errant knaves Beyond reasonable doubt.
Effect of Canyons and Their Interaction on Ground Response to Vertically Traveling SH Waves

Available online at: http://www.iiees. ac.ir/jsee In this paper the dynamic response of the ground surface subjected to vertically traveling two dimensional harmonic SH waves in the presence of a single or two canyons is investigated using boundary element method. The models consist of one and two semicircular canyons cut from a homogeneous, linear and viscoelastic half space. The total response is computed by summing up the responses of free field and scattered waves. The former is calculated from the closed form solution of propagated waves in the half space and the latter from the boundary element method. For this, surface irregularities are discretized by linear elements and influence coefficient matrices are obtained by using harmonic fundamental solutions. To validate the technique, the response of a single canyon and its nearby ground surface due to harmonic SH waves with different frequencies is determined and compared with the existing closed form solution. Then, the response of double canyon is determined by the same procedure. Results of analyses indicate that the distance between canyons is a key parameter that affects the surface displacement amplitude of both canyons. It is demonstrated that when this distance is increased, the response of both canyons approach to that of a single one. Furthermore, it is shown that the interaction is also very much dependent on the frequency of the incident wave.
Resistance exercise recovery morphology and AQP1 expression in denervated soleus muscle of Wistar rats

It was our objective to analyse the effects of resistance exercise (climbing steps), which was started in the acute phase, on the histomorphometry and the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the soleus muscle after sciatic nerve injury in Wistar rats. Twenty-four adult rats were randomly divided into the following four groups, containing six animals each: control (G1); exercise (G2); injury (G3); and exercise with injury (G4). Three days after the compression of the sciatic nerve, the animals in G2 and G4 were submitted to resistance exercise for 21 non-consecutives days. The exercise was conducted in two series of 10 consecutive ascents of the ladder, with an additional weight of 100g and with an interval of 60 seconds between sets for rest. After this period, the animals were sacrificed, and the soleus muscle was processed. The number of blood capillaries in G3 was 65.7% and 76.86% higher when compared with the G2 and G4, respectively. The morphological analysis revealed muscle damage in G3, hypertrophy in G2 and significant improvement in the muscle in G4. The AQP1 was immunolocalized in the endothelium of blood capillaries present in the muscle fibres, with different expressions in the groups. Resistance exercise initiated in the acute phase was an effective therapeutic modality in the recovery of morphological aspects in the soleus muscle after denervation.
Effect of ethanol and essential oils on extending vase-life of carnation cut flower (Dianthus caryophyllus cv. 'Yellow Candy').

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ethanol and essential oils of three medicinal plants namely Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), Summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) and Ajwain (Carum copticum L.) on extending carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) vase-life. For this purpose three individual trials were conducted using a completely randomized block design with three replications. In the first trial, the effect of 4% ethanol (v/v) as a continuous or pulse treatment was determined. The results showed that although both application methods increased vase-life and marketability of carnation, it was statistically non significant. In the second trial, the effects of selected essential oils at the concentration of 100, 150 and 200 ppm were investigated. All essential oils prolonged carnation vase-life. Summer savory essential oil (100 ppm) showed the highest effect (increasing 4.4 days) in comparison to the control. In the third trial, the interaction between ethanol and the essential oils was studied. Results showed there is no significant difference between application of essential oils alone and in combination with ethanol. The highest fresh weight was observed in cut flowers treated with Summer savory essential oil at 100 ppm after 6 days which was double compared to the control. According to the results of this research it is concluded that essential oils, (natural, safe and biodegradable compounds) as novel alternative materials are suitable for prolongation of carnation vase-life.
A Priori Bounds in and in for Solutions of Elliptic Equations

We give an overview on some recent results concerning the study of the Dirichlet problem for second-order linear elliptic partial differential equations in divergence form and with discontinuous coefficients, in unbounded domains. The main theorem consists in an -a priori bound, . Some applications of this bound in the framework of non-variational problems, in a weighted and a non-weighted case, are also given.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF INTEREST AND USE OF CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY AS SUPPORT TO BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

The objective of this study is to assess the various factors that determine consumer behavioral intention and actual use of cloud computing as a technology considered capable of supporting business activities. The population of this research is the collegestudents in Malang. The data was collected through survey method. 153 questionnaires were distributed directly to the respondent or via an internet link. The study shows that there are several factors determining the behavior of individual’s intention and actual usage of cloud computing technology, that is the compatibility and the ease of use on cloud computing. Both factors proved to have partial mediation effect on the actual usage of cloud computing through the behavioral intention of using cloud computing.Other findings are positive effects of the usefulness of cloud computing on behavioral intention on using cloud computing, and the cloud computing user’s image on the actual usage of cloud computing. Businessmay consider cloud computing technology as well as those factors to be applied to gaining more consumers and can be used as a breakthrough to add new competitive advantage.
Influence of recent warming and ice dynamics on glacier surface elevations in the Canadian High Arctic, 1995–2014

ABSTRACT Repeat airborne laser altimetry measurements show widespread thinning (surface lowering) of glaciers in Canada's Queen Elizabeth Islands since 1995. Thinning rates averaged for 50 m elevation bins, were more than three times higher during the period 2005/06 to 2012/14 pentad than during the previous two pentads. Strongly negative thickness change (dh/dt) anomalies from 2005/06 to 2012/14, relative to the 1995–2012/14 mean, suggest that most of the measured thinning occurred during the most recent 5–6 year period when mean summer land surface temperatures (LSTs) were anomalously high and the mean summer black-sky shortwave broadband albedos (BSA) were anomalously low, relative to the 2000/01–15/16 period, and upper-air (700 hPa) and near surface (2 m) air temperatures were between 0.8°C and 1.5°C higher than 1995–2012 mean. Comparisons of dh/dt with mean summer LST and BSA measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and with surface longitudinal strain rates computed from surface velocity fields derived from RADARSAT 1/2 and Landat-7 ETM + data suggest that surface elevation changes were driven mainly by changes in climate. An exception to this occurs along many fast-flowing outlet glaciers where ice dynamics appear also to have played an important role in surface elevation changes.
Slope failure in underconsolidated soft soils during the development of a port in Tianjin, China. Part 2: Analytical study

This paper presents the analytical study of a major landslide that occurred in a newly dredged slope during port development in the city of Tianjin, northern China. The slope comprised mainly underconsolidated and submerged soft soils. The landslide consisted of a number of individual slides that occurred sequentially and extended retrogres- sively and laterally into the reclaimed land. The paper proposes a slope stability assessment methodology for the exam- ination of such slope failures, with retrogressive and lateral extension into reclaimed land. Both the total and the effective stress approaches are adopted in the slope stability assessment. Eight different sets of soil shear strength pa- rameters are used in the assessment. They were determined by using different methods in the laboratory and in the field or by back analysis. The assessment results indicate that the total stress approach, together with undrained vane strength values, gives the best result in the stability assessment of the original dredged slope and the subsequent failed slopes. The paper further examines the factors that might have caused or triggered the occurrence of the landslide. Backfilling of a thick general soil layer and a sand cushion for vacuum preloading of the hydraulic fill in the re- claimed land might have rendered the entire slope marginally stable. Lowering of the tidal level might also have had an effect in triggering the landslide. The engineering approach and results presented in this study could be useful in the design and construction of dredged slopes in underconsolidated soft soils.
The Cognitive Mobilization Index

This article shows how the cognitive mobilization index, designed for use in observing potential political participation, can be used as an indicator of the political climate that a particular society is going through. Following a discussion of the theoretical elaborations (and their working definitions) of the concept of cognitive mobilization, a longitudinal study of various European countries is used to consider the question of how political crises influence cognitive mobilization indexes and what effects they have on the political socialization process among the youngest cohorts.
Simulaciones numéricas de la formación del disco de satélites de la Vía Láctea a partir de la acreción de asociaciones de galaxias enanas

We present here the results of several numerical Newtonian N-body simulations of the accretion towards the Milky Way of associations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies with and without dark matter content. We generated the initial objects using ZENO and simulated an isolated environment where these associations fall towards the dark matter halo of the Milky Way using GADGET-2. In order to test if the disk of satellites of the Milky Way (DoS) could have been formed by that kind of accretions, we analyzed some characteristics of the final dwarf galaxies such as their distribution with respect to the disk of the Galaxy, their density profile, velocity dispersion and radial velocities. The associations were initially located at radial distances of 4, 2 y 1 Mpc from the center of the Milky Way, and the evolution of the system was simulated for 10 Gyr in each of the runs. We found that associations located at initial radial distances larger than 2 Mpc were not suitable because their time of infall was larger than a Hubble time, and that for the case of associations initially located at 1 Mpc from the center of the Milky Way, it is unlikely that, with the parameters used in this study, the satellites of the DoS could come from dark matter-free associations of dwarf galaxies, while it is possible that the DoS may have been formed by the infall of associations of dwarf galaxies embedded in dark matter haloes following parabolic orbits. However, the distances of the remnants at the final snapshot do not reproduce those reported in the literature for the satellites of the Milky Way. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Babesia infection in urban and rural dogs in Ahvaz district, Southwest of Iran

Canine Babesiosis is an important worldwide, tick-born disease caused by apicomplexan hemoparasitic from genus Babesia. The aim of the present survey was to identify the current state of Babesia infection in urban and rural dogs in Ahvaz district, southwest of Iran. For this reason, 200 rural dogs from 5 village around Ahvaz and 200 urban dogs (stratified random sampling) referred to the veterinary hospital of Shahid Chamran University were examined for the presence of Babesia species within 2 years. The studied dogs were classified based on age, sex, breed and season. Blood samples were taken from cephalic or saphenous vein and then peripheral thin blood smears were prepared and stained with Giemsa for parasitological examination. Among 400 dogs, 15 samples (3.75%) were infected with Babesia canis. The present study showed that from 200 rural dogs, 11 samples (5.5%) and from 200 urban dogs, 4 samples (2%) were positive for B. canis. Infection rate was higher in adult dogs 3-6 years-old (4.46; 5 out of 112) compared with young's less than 3 years (3.59; 7 out of 195) and above 6 years (3.85; 3 out of 78). The infection was higher in female dogs (4.29%; 6 out of 140) than males (3.46%; 9 out of 260) and in warm season (5.15%; 12 out of 233) compared with cold season (1.8%; 3 out of 167), nevertheless, there was not significant relationship between sex, age and season in urban dogs (P>0.05), but significant difference was revealed between season and infection in rural dogs population (P<0.05). Although the infection rate of this parasite was low, but transmission of the protozoan to dogs should be intentioned. This is the first report indicating the presence of B. canis in dogs of Ahvaz district; however, the sources of infection in these dogs are not clear. The role of dogs in the epizootiology of B. canis infection needs to be further explored.