Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Orbit Prediction Sensitivity to Thermal Emissions Acceleration Modeling for High Area-to-mass Ratio (HAMR) Objects (Preprint)

Abstract : High area-to-mass ratio (HAMR) inactive resident space objects (RSOs) in the geosynchronous orbit (GEO) regime pose a hazard to active GEO RSOs. The combination of solar radiation pressure (SRP), and solar and lunar gravitational perturbations causes perturbations in the orbits of these HAMR RSOs. The HAMR nature of these RSOs results in greater sensitivity to SRP forces resulting in the perturbation of mean motion, inclination and eccentricity. The subsequent drift with respect to the Earth, combined with time varying orientation with respect to the sun and transitions into and out of Earth's shadow, results in many of these RSOs being "lost" after initial acquisition as they transition through periods of days to weeks out of view of observing sites. This work examines the sensitivity of the prediction accuracies to inadequate modeling of the thermal emissions component of the SRP acceleration in the force models. The simplest models treat the thermal emission term either implicitly, or as a term that is a function of a fixed surface temperature and area. In reality, the temperature can vary with time for inert objects (e.g. orbital debris) transitioning in to and out of Earth shadow. Additionally, the orientation dynamics result in thermal acceleration components that vary relative to the inertial reference frame, and in general, have components orthogonal to the sun-object line. The prediction uncertainties associated with thermal modeling, orientation dynamics and materials uncertainties are examined in terms of the SRP acceleration perturbations for a range of representative HAMR object characteristics. Results indicate that significant prediction errors result from inadequate accounting for the thermal emissions component when compared to the standard SRP models used. These errors need to be addressed in the orbit determination and prediction to allow for more accurate re-acquisition and tracking.
Transient situations in nitrate assimilation by marine diatoms. V: Interspecific variability in biomass and uptake during nitrogen starvation and resupply

Nitrate perturbation experiments were carried out on nitrogen-limited and nitrogenstarved marine diatoms under low light intensity to simulate the injection of deep water in the euphotic zone at the level of the thermocline. The potential uptake rate (V'max) of nitrate by Chaetoceros affinis, 7? mlassiosira pseudonana, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum exhibited significant changes over a time scale of hours during nitrogen starvation. V'max increased during the first 3 h for T pseudonana, but decreased for C. affinis. Upon nitrogen resupply, the direction of change in V'max was dependent on the species and the duration of incubation. Even though biomass parameters such as chlorophyll indicated a rapid cellular degradation, C. affinis was better adapted to nitrogen deprivation than the other 2 species and was able to exhibit high assimilation numbers and utilize nitrate immediately when starved for less than 48 h.
A note on the set of periods for continuous maps of the circle which have degree one

The main result of this paper is to complete Misiurewicz's characterization of the set of periods of a continuous map / of the circle with degree one (which depends on the rotation interval of /). As a corollary we obtain a kind of perturbation theorem for maps of the circle of degree one, and a new algorithm to compute the set of periods when the rotation interval is known. Also, for maps of degree one which have a fixed point, we describe the relationship between the characterizations of the set of periods of Misiurewicz and Block. 1. Notation. We denote by TV, Z, Q and R, as usual, the set of positive integers, integers, rational and real numbers, respectively. Let S1 be the circle and CX{SX) be the set of continuous maps from the circle into itself of degree one. For a map /g Cx(Sl), P(f) denotes the set of periods of/ (from now on, by period of a periodic point, we will mean the least period of this point). We consider Sarkovskii's ordering '<-* on N, defined as follows 3^5->7-»9^--->2-3-»2-5^2-7^2-9 -> • • • -► 4 . 3 -* 4 . 5 _* 4 . 7 '-* . -> • • • -»i6->8->4-»2-»l. For every je/Vwe denote by Ss the set {n G N: s -* n) U {s}. Also we define S2~ = {1,2,4,. ,2",. }. Similarly, for every b G N we denote by Bb the set { « g JV: ¿> < «}, and we write Bx = 0. Let / g CjíS1) and let F be a lifting of/. If x is a periodic point of / of period n and A" is a real number which satisfies that exp(2triX) = x, then we have F"( A") = X + k for some k g Z. We shall call the number k/n the rotation number of x and denote it by p(x) or pF(x). We denote by L(f) or Lf(f) the set of all rotation numbers of periodic points of /. The following statements are known (see [BGMY and M]). (1) p(x) does not depend on the choice of X. (2) If F = F + m, then pF,(x) = pF(x) + m. (3)pF~(x) = mpF(x). (4) If a < b < c, a, c G L(f) and b g Q, then b g L(f). (5) L(f) C\Z* 0 if and only if 1 g P(f). Received by the editors October 25, 1983 and, in revised form, February 14, 1984. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 54H20. ©1984 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/84 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
Emission and chemistry of organic carbon in the gas and aerosol phase at a sub-urban site near Mexico City in March 2006 during the MILAGRO study

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbonaceous aerosol were measured at a sub-urban site near Mexico City in March of 2006 during the MILAGRO study (Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Objectives). Diurnal variations of hydrocarbons, elemental carbon (EC) and hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA) were dominated by a high peak in the early morning when local emissions accumulated in a shallow boundary layer, and a minimum in the afternoon when the emissions were diluted in a significantly expanded boundary layer and, in case of the reactive gases, removed by OH. In comparison, diurnal variations of species with secondary sources such as the aldehydes, ketones, oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) stayed relatively high in the afternoon indicating strong photochemical formation. Emission ratios of many hydrocarbon species relative to CO were higher in Mexico City than in the U.S., but we found similar emission ratios for most oxygenated VOCs and organic aerosol. Secondary formation of acetone may be more efficient in Mexico City than in the U.S., due to higher emissions of alkane precursors from the use of liquefied petroleum gas. Secondary formation of organic aerosol was similar between Mexico City and the U.S. Combining the data for all measured gas and aerosol species, we describe the budget of total observed organic carbon (TOOC), and find that the enhancement ratio of TOOC relative to CO is conserved between the early morning and mid afternoon despite large compositional changes. Finally, the influence of biomass burning is investigated using the measurements of acetonitrile, which was found to correlate with levoglucosan in the particle phase. Diurnal variations of acetonitrile indicate a contribution from local burning sources. Scatter plots of acetonitrile versus CO suggest that the contribution of biomass burning to the enhancement of most gas and aerosol species was not dominant and perhaps not dissimilar from observations in the U.S.
Evaluation of some anaesthetic protocols for induction of anaesthesia in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Sudan

The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate combination of Xylazine, Ketamine, and Diazepam (XKD) that would produce safe and satisfactory total intravenous anaesthesia in donkeys, for use under field conditions. In this study three protocols containing Ketamine (3 mg/kg), Xylazine (1.5 mg/kg) and diazepam at (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg) were tested. A total of 18 donkeys, twelve male and six female was used. The animals were allocated randomly to three groups of equal size and each group was anaesthetized with a different anaesthetic protocol. Respiratory rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were measured at 10 minutes interval before, and throughout the duration of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia parameters (induction time, duration of anaesthesia, lateral recumbency, sternal recumbency, standing, and total recovery time) were measured and recorded at 10 minutes interval post induction throughout the duration of anaesthesia. Quality of induction, recovery and muscle relaxation was also evaluated subjectively during anaesthesia. All anaesthetic protocols used produced satisfactory induction of anaesthesia and quite smooth recovery and non significant increase in the duration of anaesthesia phase was observed. While, significant increase in the duration (P < 0.05) of lateral recumbency, sternal recumbency, standing position, total recovery time, and reflexes was observed. Induction of anaesthesia, muscle relaxation and recoveries were acceptable in all protocols used. It is to be concluded that these protocols were proved to be safe for use under field conditions for donkeys.
Barriers of access to oral health care among university students in southern Colombia, 2011. A multivariate analysis

Antecedentes. El derecho a la salud es considerado un derecho humano fundamental, por tanto, es un principio para combatir las desigualdades –injustas e inmorales–. Asi, es fundamental estudiar el proceso mediante el cual una necesidad de atencion se satisface completamente. Objetivo. Analizar los determinantes de acceso a los servicios de salud bucal en estudiantes universitarios del municipio de Pasto. Materiales y metodos. En una muestra de 338 estudiantes universitarios se aplico una encuesta confidencial utilizando un modelo comportamental de uso de servicios de salud. Resultados. Sobre los factores de capacidad, los estudiantes que respondieron tener mal estado de salud utilizaron mas los servicios de salud bucal en el ultimo ano, mientras que los que reportaron estar insatisfechos con la apariencia de sus dientes utilizaron menos los servicios. Respecto a los factores de necesidad, los estudiantes que no tienen afectada su calidad de vida por incapacidad fisica y dolor fisico utilizan menos los servicios de salud bucal. Los factores predisponentes no arrojaron resultados significativos. Conclusiones: Este estudio encontro que los factores de capacidad y de necesidades estaban asociados con la consulta odontologica reciente en estudiantes universitarios del municipio de Pasto.
Applying an artificial neural network (ANN) to assess soil salinity and temperature variability in agricultural areas of a mountain catchment

Spatial analysis is currently a popular research tool, particularly in studies that focus on soil properties, and it is important for a comprehensive presentation of results by means of spatial statistics techniques. Spatial autocorrelation determines a degree of relationship between variables for two specific spatial units (locations). This relationship is reflected by spatial dependence of investigated soil properties. Moran’s I was used as a measure of spatial autocorrelation. Positive spatial autocorrelation was determined for soil salinity (electrical conductivity) and temperature. Thus, the aim of the study was to identify the factors affecting spatial correlation of electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature in farmland and forest-covered areas. A model of artificial neural network was based on salinity, as salinity reduces the amount of nutrients and soil temperature, thus inhibiting plant root growth. Our study revealed that the most effective parameters determining soil temperature were EC and moisture content. The best results in the EC model were achieved for soil moisture content, temperature, and soil texture. Both soil parameters were impacted by catchment land use. Spatial analysis of soil properties and identification of factors affecting their diversity may be helpful in determining proper land use – particularly of sustainable agricultural practices in mountain areas.
Oxalate metabolism by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a fungal pathogen in soybeans

Pathogenesis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mainly depends on production of oxalate (Lib.) de Bary, but the mechanism by which the oxalate is produced is not well understood. Control of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in soybean which is caused by this ubiquitous phytopathogenic fungus requires the knowledge of oxalate synthesis by S. sclerotiorum. Nine isolates from infected soybeans and soils were obtained and used to study the various organic acids and enzymes involved in oxalate metabolism. The study showed that S. sclerorotiorum produces malate, succinate, oxaloacetate and acetate during the synthesis of oxalate. The activities of oxaloacetate hydrolyase (OAH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glyoxylate dehydrogenase (GDH) were detected in all the isolates but activities of oxalate decarboxylase (ODH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH) were not detected. The high specific activity of MDH suggests an important role that this enzyme could be playing in oxalate biosynthesis. Absence of FDH and ODH could be the reason why the oxalate concentration was found to be high in the filtrates. This study reports the significance of GDH and OAH in pathogenesis of S. sclerotiorum. Overall, these results suggest metabolism of oxalate by S. sclerotiorum through a tricarboxylic cycle. Key words: Biosynthesis, pathogenesis, stem rot, organic acid, enzyme.
The Determinants of the TV Demand for Soccer: Empirical Evidence on Italian Serie A for the Period 2008-2015

This article investigates the determinants of the TV audience for Italian soccer in seven Serie A seasons (2008-2009 to 2014-2015). Italian viewers have committed behavior and that outcome uncertainty does not have an impact on the TV audience. When choosing whether to watch a match involving teams other than their favorite team, Italian consumers are attracted by both the aggregate quantity of talent and the matches involving teams at the top of the table. An increase in the TV demand is driven by an enhancement in the performance of the top clubs and in the quality of the entertainment.
Rotation Frequencies of MHD Modes in ASDEX Upgrade

wheren andm are the toroidal and poloidal mode numbers and flab is the frequency of the mode in the lab frame of reference measured by the Mirnov pick -up coils. ftor [= vtor/(2πR)], fpol [= vpol/(2πr)], fdia [= ve/(2πr)] and fE×B [= vE×B/(2πr)] are the frequencies derived from the toroidal velocityvtor, poloidal velocityvpol, electron diamagnetic velocity ve and the E×B velocity vE×B respectively at the major radius R (and minor radiusr) where the mode is localized.
Amaranthus grain nutritional benefits: A review

Amaranth grain is extremely nutritional pseudocereal with a higher amount of proteins when compared to true cereals. It is a reasonably well-balanced food with functional properties that have been shown to provide medicinal benefits. The health benefits credited include decreasing plasma cholesterol levels, exerting an antitumor activity, reducing blood glucose levels and anemia. The current article provides a comprehensive idea of amaranth grain that focuses on recent research reporting its use in the clinical practice and its possible profit to human health.
Can Academic Performance Enhance Group Membership and Leadership among Student Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

This study examined the effect of academic performance on social group membership and future leadership among student entrepreneurs in Malaysia so as to enhance good quality leaders in the future. Underpinned to Blau’s social exchange theory, the study adopted survey method and proportionate stratified random sampling to collect data from 319 semester-5 university students from three public universities in Malaysia. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics and regression methods. We found that high academic performance significantly and positively influenced future leadership among Malaysian student entrepreneurs. Therefore, the government and the universities management should initiate more advocacy programs to counsel students on the need to focus on their studies so as to earn better grades which would enhance their active participation in leadership activities after school. However, there was no evidence to prove that academic performance had any influence on group membership among the student entrepreneurs. The study was limited to university business students. Similar studies could be conducted on youths in other academic institutions such as secondary schools.
Hammers and Saws for the Improvement of Educational Research.

This article examines different conceptions of causation and their implications for understanding educational phenomena and conducting educational research. Specifically, I discuss four research designs for pursuing questions about causation in education. Two of these research designs take a variance approach to causation (that is, they attempt to show correlations between earlier events and subsequent ones), while the other two take a process approach (that is, they attempt to show a demonstrable sequence of events by which one variable flows into or leads to another). The point of the discussion is to illustrate, first, their respective strengths and, second, their necessary interdependence. Ultimately, I argue that just as both hammers and saws are needed to build a good house, both variance and process approaches are needed to build a good understanding of causation in education.
A recurrent KCNQ 2 pore mutation causing early onset epileptic encephalopathy has amoderate effect onM current but alters subcellular localization of Kv 7 channels

A recurrent KCNQ2 pore mutation causing early onset epileptic encephalopathy has amoderate effect onM current but alters subcellular localization of Kv7 channels Affef Abidi , Jérôme J. Devaux , Florence Molinari , Gisèle Alcaraz , François-Xavier Michon , Julie Sutera-Sardo , Hélène Becq , Caroline Lacoste , Cécilia Altuzarra , Alexandra Afenjar , Cyril Mignot , Diane Doummar , Bertrand Isidor , Sylvie N. Guyen , Estelle Colin , Sabine De La Vaissière , Damien Haye , Adeline Trauffler , Catherine Badens , Fabienne Prieur , Gaetan Lesca , Laurent Villard , Mathieu Milh ⁎, Laurent Aniksztejn d,e,⁎⁎
Elastic wave velocity, porosity, and pore geometry of ordinary chondrites and artificially shocked samples

Summary Elastic wave velocity, bulk density, and derived elastic moduli of meteorites are used as analogues for meteorite parent bodies such as asteroids and assist in constraining parameters involved in the modelling of collisions on meteorite parent bodies. Meteorite physical and elastic properties are influenced by the presence of porosity and pore geometry; classification of pore geometries observed in meteorites and the effects of pore geometry on elastic and physical properties are examined. Elastic wave velocity trends in ordinary chondrites have been documented by Hons (2004) and additional meteorite physical property trends have been documented in the literature. Trends documented in the literature were confirmed in this study and five new bulk density, elastic wave velocity, and physical property trends were identified.
The scaling limit of the membrane model

On the integer lattice we consider the discrete membrane model, a random interface in which the field has Laplacian interaction. We prove that, under appropriate rescaling, the discrete membrane model converges to the continuum membrane model in $d\ge 2$. Namely, it is shown that the scaling limit in $d=2,\,3$ is a H\"older continuous random field, while in $d\ge 4$ the membrane model converges to a random distribution. As a by-product of the proof in $d=2,\,3$, we obtain the scaling limit of the maximum. This work complements the analogous results of Caravenna and Deuschel (2009) in $d=1$.
Effect of Vine Bud Load on Bud Behavior, Yield, Fruit Quality and Wood Ripening of Superior Grape Cultivar.

This study was carried out during two successive seasons, 2006 and 2007 in order to find out the optimum number of buds to be left on the vines of superior grapevines to get the highest possible yield with the best fruit quality besides maintaining vine Vigor. Severn years – old – uniformed vines chosen and pruned to seven different levels of bud load, namely, 77, 84, 91, 98, 105, 112 and 119 buds/vine. The results of this investigation showed that the percentages of busted buds and fruitful buds decreased with increasing the bud load/vine, while the fertility coefficient was not affected by pruning level in both seasons. Increasing of bud load/vine increased number of bunches but decreased yield/vine. In addition, increasing bud load on the vine significantly decreased bunch weight, bunch length, bunch index, rachis weight, berry weight, berry firmness, number of berries/bunch, T.S. S. and T.S. S / acid ratio while, Total acidity % increase as bud load increase Acidity was increased . While, wood ripening and on the other hand wood ripening and total carbohydrates decreased by increasing bud load/vine. Results also showed that 98 or 105 buds/vine is more suitable for superior grapevines to produced good yield and fruit quality.
Energetic ion acceleration in Saturn's magnetotail: Substorms at Saturn?

The Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) Ion and Neutral Camera (INCA) on the Cassini spacecraft has recorded abrupt increases in energetic neutral atom flux coming from the general direction of Saturn's magnetotail. These bursts of ion activity in the tail are well correlated with enhancements in the Saturn kilometric radiation. Given the similarities between these events and substorm activity on Earth, including their dependence on interplanetary conditions, we conclude that Earth‐like substorms occur within Saturn's magnetosphere.