Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technology Transfers and Knowledge Management in Developing Economies: Case Study of an Indonesian Manufacturer

International technology transfers are crucial for developing economies since they may operate as one of the key drivers in the economies’ development path. Previous studies have acknowleged some channels of technology transfers for developing economies. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of how the technology transfers would occur and take effect in each of the recipient economies and their domestic companies are still to be explored. Furthermore, understanding domestic companies knowledge management is important since it would determine the absorptive capacity of the company toward advanced foreign technologies. This study uses a case of technologically intermediate-level Indonesian manufacturer to show evidence of international technology transfers and their impacts on the development of indigenous technological capabilities of the domestic company, as well as to examine the company’s knowledge management. This study confirmed some benefits of international technology transfers for the domestic company, especially through the major mechanisms of technical license assistances, capital goods imports, turnkey projects, technical consultancies, backward-vertical flows of foreign direct investment, and participation in overseas markets. However, the impacts toward the domestic company’s technological capabilities were generally at intermediate level. This implies that the domestic company needs to spend more investments on in-house R&D activities and to improve its knowledge management systems.
Current and emerging antiglycaemic pharmacological therapies: The renal perspective

Diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease are two major global epidemics, with a significant overlap of patients with concomitant problems. Therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of diabetes mellitus are continuously updated to reflect the growing armamentarium of antiglycaemic agents at the disposal of clinicians. However, they rarely focus on the significant caveats and limitations associated with pharmacological delivery of glucose‐lowering treatment in the context of advancing kidney disease or in the presence of a renal allograft. Proposed consensus algorithms for the treatment of hyperglycaemia may not be appropriate for individuals with coexisting renal disease and it is imperative to ensure nephrologists maintain a thorough understanding of the limitations of antiglycaemic treatments in the presence of renal insufficiency or a renal allograft. The purpose of this review is to highlight the range of glucose‐lowering therapies at the disposal of the clinician, both currently available and in development, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these pharmacological agents from a renal perspective. A tailored and individualized approach to treatment of diabetes mellitus in the context of renal disease is essential to maintain optimum care and this article should act as a supplement to existing guidelines and treatment algorithms.
Early Childhood Experiences and Kindergarten Success: A Population-Based Study of a Large Urban Setting

Abstract. This study examined the unique protective influence of center-based early care and education experiences on kindergarten outcomes for children entering public school kindergarten. The 3,969 participants were geographically and demographically representative of an entire kindergarten cohort in a large urban school district. Child age, gender, ethnicity, family poverty, low maternal education, and neighborhood were found to be risks for academic and behavioral adjustment upon kindergarten entry. Controlling for these risks, formal, center-based experiences were related significantly to higher levels of Language Arts, Mathematics, Social Knowledge, Motor Skills, and Work Habits performance assessments and attendance in kindergarten. Initial advantages associated with center-based early care and education were sustained across the kindergarten year.
Sustainable Urban Livelihoods and Marketplace Social Capital: Crisis and Strategy in Petty Trade

Urban growth has been accompanied by the development of bimodal labour markets and increasing inequalities in both North and South. In Southern cities, many of the poor have turned to the informal sector, in particular to street trade. This has resulted in a multiplicity of urban conflicts and has led to pressure on urban managers to undertake formalisation, for which an increasingly developmental approach has been advocated. Nevertheless, for traders, the formalisation of street trade has very uneven outcomes. The starting-point for this article is the premise that not enough is known about the social fabric upon which trading careers depend. Adopting sustainable livelihoods as a conceptual framework and drawing on social capital theory, four questions are addressed. How do trading careers survive over time? Are there differences in the survival strategies for which social capital is employed among traders operating in different political, cultural and socioeconomic contexts? In the new processes of urbanisation, are the old relationships on which social capital is based, simply lost in the new, or are traditional networks and structures adapted? Finally, what policy conclusions should be drawn to inform urban management practices as they relate to trade formalisation? The primary findings are that marketplace social capital is increasingly important to traders' economic capital. However, inherited ties, although they diminish in importance, continue to be valuable and often serve as the basis for the development of contingent ties. Implications are discussed for urban management and planning practice, for planning theory and for social capital theory.
Maspin functions as tumor suppressor by increasing cell adhesion to extracellular matrix in prostate tumor cells.

PURPOSE Maspin, a unique member of the serine protease inhibitor family, shows tumor suppressing activity for breast cancer progression and metastasis. Few studies have directly linked maspin function to prostate cancer. We used prostate tumor cells derived from the TRAMP (transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate) prostate tumor model to study the tumor suppressive function of maspin in prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Maspin cDNA was introduced via a retroviral plasmid into TRAMP C2N prostate tumor cells, which are aggressive and invasive in nature. We investigated the tumorigenesis of these stable cell lines in vitro by assessing the growth rate, anchorage independence and adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin and laminin. RESULTS Stable cell lines expressing maspin had decreased tumorigenic potential, as assessed by anchorage independent growth in soft agar assay compared with controls. Maspin stable transfectants showed decreased metastatic potential, as evaluated by modified Boyden chamber assay and increased adhesion to fibronectin and laminin. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that maspin has a tumor suppressive role not only in breast cancer, but also in prostate cancer. The data in this study suggest that maspin can decrease the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of prostate tumors, most probably by remodeling cell-extracellular matrix interactions or triggering extracellular matrix mediated signaling pathways that negatively regulate tumor migration and invasion.
What Factors Affect Management Quality? State Infrastructure Management and the Government Performance Project

Whether the US$131 billion set aside for infrastructure projects under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 can make a lasting contribution to improving the nation’s public infrastructure will depend, in part, on the quality of infrastructure management systems and practices in the states. In this article, we examine the factors that influence how well state governments plan for and manage public infrastructure using results from the 2005 and 2008 Government Performance Project. The pooled Tobit regression analysis shows that capital management quality is affected by political variables such as divided legislatures and legislative term limits, fiscal institutions including tax and expenditure limits, and environmental demand factors, specifically the extent of urbanization.
Regional Data Forecasting Accuracy: The Case of Thailand

This article focuses on nine city-based regions in Thailand, using accommodation data from 1996 to 2002. The basic structural and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models are used, with an ex ante forecasting period 2003 to 2004. Forecasts are derived regionally, and accuracy is compared using a benchmark of the forecasts for the whole of Thailand. The analysis determines whether it is possible to accurately forecast interregional tourist arrivals. The findings are that more accurate regional forecasts can be derived than international arrivals forecasts in this case and that a comparison of domestic and international regional arrivals forecasts is very useful in examining potential future tourism-based regional growth. Consequently, regional arrivals data are useful for accurately forecasting regional tourism demand not only in Thailand but also for other countries where regional data are available, such as China and India, to examine the impact of tourism either economically or socially.
EDUCATION IN OPEN-AIR MUSEUMS IN RESEARCH STUDIES OF VISITORS TO THE WIELKOPOLSKI ETHNOGRAPHIC PARK IN DZIEKANOWICE

The article presents results of a study regarding visitors to the Wielkopolski Ethnographic Park in Dziekanowice. 319 people were interviewed in the questionnaire. The questions concerned the reasons for the visit, interests in the exhibition and sources of information. A quiz testing the knowledge acquired through visiting the museum was also carried out. The data analysis included differential tests between groups (on motives, interests and knowledge in relation to social-demographic features) and a cluster analysis of tourists visiting the museum. A number of subjective and objective factors were identified which determine the knowledge acquired during the visit to the museum. They included the exhibition arrangement, ways of interpreting the heritage used to transfer knowledge and the type of visiting group.
Does political socialization in the home boost adolescents' ambition for university education? Analysis 8 th grade students in 38 countries

Introduction These questions are posed using large national samples of adolescents in 38 countries: (1) Is early development of ambition for higher education, associated with political socialization in the home, after statistical control for effects of socio-economic family background, educational achievement, and gender? (2) What might explain variation among countries with regard to the net predictive power in this regard, of family based political socialization?
Limits of clinical assessment in the accurate diagnosis of Machado-Joseph disease.

BACKGROUND Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a type of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia for which molecular diagnosis is available. We identified 4 families segregating the MJD mutation in which no unequivocal clinical diagnosis could be established prior to molecular testing. Ethnic background, clinical, and molecular characteristics of 19 individuals carrying the MJD mutation in these 4 families were compared with a group of 32 Portuguese families who were clinically diagnosed as having MJD and were found to carry the MJD mutation. RESULTS Several factors seemed to have an impact in the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis, such as ethnic origin; the number of affected individuals available for examination in each family; the absence of patients showing specific clinical features, such as extrapyramidal signs; and the size of the expanded CAG repeat in the MJD gene. CONCLUSION Since the recognition of MJD based solely on clinical grounds might sometimes be misleading, a search for the MJD mutation should be performed in patients with a clinical diagnosis of spinocerebellar degeneration.
Research chefs’ competencies: a Delphi approach

Identifies the basic competencies of research chefs. A modified, three‐round (pilot round plus two rounds) Delphi procedure was employed. The Research Chefs Association nominated 33 research chefs. Ten of these chefs contributed to the pilot round; 25 to the first round; and 22 to the second round. In the pilot round, the chefs identified the knowledge, skills and abilities that a successful research chef should have. In the first round, the chefs rated and analyzed the competencies identified in the pilot round. In the second round, competencies were identified. The title “research chef” is actually a generic name for two different kinds of research chef: “research‐focused research chef” or “management‐focused research chef”. Even though these chefs share some common competencies, they differ in their basic competencies. A total of 12 basic competencies (competencies rated four and over on the five‐point Likert scale) were identified for research‐focused research chefs, and eight basic competencies were identified for management‐focused research chefs. A total of 19 basic competencies were also identified that applied to both research‐ and management‐focused research chefs.
Police Officer Staffing: Analyzing the Commonly Held Belief that More Cops Equals Less Crime 1

Police officer staffing levels are believed to relate directly to the crime rate in metropolitan areas; however, the studies on this relationship to date are contradictory and inconclusive. This study compares crime rates in 24 metropolitan areas with the police officer staffing levels over a 12-year time series study. Data for this study are derived from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics surveys in 1999 and 2003 and the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reports for the period 1996– 2008. The data show some but not overwhelming support for the position that there is a negative correlation between police officer staffing and crime rates. A commonly held belief among law enforcement officials, law enforcement pundits, and citizens of the U.S. is that more police officers on the streets or investigating crimes results in less crime and safer communities. Intuitively, this belief is logical; however, no solid data support this claim. One method of partially and indirectly supporting this claim is to conduct a study of selected cities and counties that compares the number of sworn police officers with the crime rate for given jurisdictions to see whether an inverse relationship exists. Does hiring more police officers result in lower crimes rates? This paper examines the relationship between police officer staffing and the resulting crime rates in a longitudinal study. It addresses the following research questions: (1) Is there a correlation between sworn police officer staffing and a city’s or county’s crime rate?
India's Trade Competitiveness and Exchange Rate Policy

There is a general view that the export performance of India is unsatisfactory because of its low competitiveness, but no systematic attempt has been made to validate this view. India needs a 12 per cent compound annual growth rate for exports during 2002–07 to reach 1 per cent of world exports of US$ 80.5 trillion. The Indian government has made serious efforts to reform trade policies to make exports more competitive globally. An attempt has been made in this article to measure India's trade competitiveness and examine the role of the exchange rate policy in trade competitiveness. The results indicate that when nominal and real exchange rates appreciate, export price competitiveness (Relative Export Price [REP]) improves, but the competitiveness of profitability (Relative Profitability of Exports and Profitability of Exports Index) deteriorates.
Effects of international collaboration and knowledge moderation on China's nanotechnology research impacts

Purpose – Recent studies report that China is becoming a leading nation in the quantity of scientific output, including in the emerging field of nanotechnology. In nanotechnology, bibliometric measures based on citations also indicate improvements in the research impacts of Chinese scientific papers. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of international collaboration, including the role of knowledge moderation through Chinese researchers who collaborate in both domestic and international scientific cooperation, on the impacts of Chinese nanotechnology research publications.Design/methodology/approach – Using a nanotechnology publication dataset, bibliometric analysis and statistical testing are adopted to explore the issues raised in the study.Findings – International collaboration, through direct collaboration and indirectly through Chinese knowledge moderators, has a positive impact on the quality of Chinese research, controlling for language, discipline, research capacity, and other fact.
Cluster Formation by Foreign Firms in Emerging Economies and International Joint Ventures

This study investigates factors that influence the termination of an international joint venture (IJV) and examines how the resulting wholly owned subsidiary’s (WOS) proximity to its previous partner can promote cluster formation in an emerging economy. The author uses a game-theoretic approach with complete information to demonstrate how the post-IJV cluster formation process is based on the cluster type to be formed—symmetrical or asymmetrical. The author also describes conditions under which government subsidies may be necessary to encourage the IJV termination and WOS formation to support cluster formation, as well as conditions where they are not required or could be counterproductive.
The Arcuate Nucleus of the C57BL/6J Mouse Hindbrain Is a Displaced Part of the Inferior Olive

The arcuate nucleus is a prominent cell group in the human hindbrain, characterized by its position on the pial surface of the pyramid. It is considered to be a precerebellar nucleus and has been implicated in the pathology of several disorders of respiration. An arcuate nucleus has not been convincingly demonstrated in other mammals, but we have found a similarly positioned nucleus in the C57BL/6J mouse. The mouse arcuate nucleus consists of a variable group of neurons lying on the pial surface of the pyramid. The nucleus is continuous with the ventrolateral part of the principal nucleus of the inferior olive and both groups are calbindin positive. At first we thought that this mouse nucleus was homologous with the human arcuate nucleus, but we have discovered that the neurons of the human nucleus are calbindin negative, and are therefore not olivary in nature. We have compared the mouse arcuate neurons with those of the inferior olive in terms of molecular markers and cerebellar projection. The neurons of the arcuate nucleus and of the inferior olive share three major characteristics: they both contain neurons utilizing glutamate, serotonin or acetylcholine as neurotransmitters; they both project to the contralateral cerebellum, and they both express a number of genes not present in the major mossy fiber issuing precerebellar nuclei. Most importantly, both cell groups express calbindin in an area of the ventral hindbrain almost completely devoid of calbindin-positive cells. We conclude that the neurons of the hindbrain mouse arcuate nucleus are a displaced part of the inferior olive, possibly separated by the caudal growth of the pyramidal tract during development. The arcuate nucleus reported in the C57BL/6J mouse can therefore be regarded as a subgroup of the rostral inferior olive, closely allied with the ventral tier of the principal nucleus.
Factors Associated with Active Participation in Health Promotion Programs at a Public Health Center

Results: Of the 199 subjects, there were 57 (28.6%) non-participants, while 56 (28.1%) were classified as good participants. The factors that significantly affected participation status, as identified by univariate analysis, were personal factors (age, educational level, marital status, religion, living with someone, monthly income), environmental factors (method of access, accessibility of other facilities), body mass index, hypertension, perceived barriers to health, emotional salience, affectionate domain of social support, and depression. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that method of access was the most significant factor affecting participation in the health promotion program, and that the factors most highly associated with good participation were emotional salience, hypertension and body mass index. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that specific factors determine and enhance participation in health promotion programs offered by public health centers. These factors should be considered during the design and evaluation of health promotion programs that are offered by public health centers.
The Damage Done: A Study of Injection Drug Use, Injection Related Abscesses and Needle Exchange Regulation

This study investigated the impact of a needle exchange policy change on community health. Data were collected from a needle exchange program in Eureka, California, for clients who participated in the program between the weeks (n = 112) of January 1, 2002, and February 28, 2004. Analysis was done using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), indicating that greater utilization of the needle exchange program, in terms of needles exchanged and number of visits, is related to fewer numbers of abscesses treated. Additionally, self-report data collected from former intravenous drug users (n = 62) demonstrated that more needles exchanged were related to fewer occurrences of abscesses. The limitations of this research are discussed.
Clinical and angiographic follow-up of coronary artery fistula interventions in children: techniques and classification revisited

Abstract Background: Transcatheter closure of coronary artery fistula has emerged as a safe and effective alternative to surgery. However, follow-up angiographic data after closure of the coronary artery fistula is extremely limited. We report our clinical and angiographic follow-up of children who underwent either transcatheter or surgical closure. Method: Clinical profile, echocardiography parameters, and closure technique were retrospectively reviewed from the hospital charts. Since 2007, 15 children have been intervened and followed up with electrocardiography, echocardiography, and angiography. Results: A total of 15 children (six girls), with mean age of 6.7±5.4 years and weighing 16.3±9.8 kg, underwent successful closure (transcatheter=13, surgical=2) without periprocedural complication. Coronary artery fistula arose from the right (n=7) and left coronary artery (n=8) and drained into the right atrium or the right ventricle. Transcatheter closure was carried out using a duct occluder. Of the patients, two underwent surgical closure of the fistula on a beating heart. At 31.8±18.7 months follow-up, all the children were asymptomatic and had no evidence of myocardial ischaemia or infarction. However, follow-up angiography revealed thrombotic occlusion of fistula with the patent parent coronary artery in those having branch coronary artery fistula, and five of seven patients with parent coronary artery fistula had near-complete occlusion of fistula extending into the native coronary artery. Conclusion: Follow-up angiography revealed a high incidence of parent artery occlusion when the fistula was arising from the native artery and not from one of its branches. Coronary artery fistula intervention of the parent coronary artery fistula always carries the potential risk of ischaemia, unless the distal-most exiting segment is the primary site of occlusion.