Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE

This study analyzes the factors that affect the capital structure of a case study on property and real estate company that went public on the Stock Exchange 2008-2012. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal capital structure in a company. To measure it, the study uses five independent variables, namely the structure of assets, the company’s growth, company size, return on assets, and current ratio. The research sample using 37 property and real estate companies.This study uses egression analysis techniques. Results of this research is the size of the company and the current ratio significantly affect trade off theory according to which the company is more focused on profit, that profit is not reduced to pay installments external parties. Current ratio is a significant negative effect because the average property and real estate companies use more of its own models in comparison with debt
“Limbic Predilection in Alzheimer Dementia: Is Reactivated Herpesvirus Involved?”

SUMMARY: In the brains of patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDA T), the quantitatively pathognomonic neuronal lesions (tangles, plaques, granulovacuolar degeneration, Hirano bodies, and nerve cell loss) are predisposed to occur especially within the limbic system. Anatomical and physiological studies indicate that fibres from the trigeminal ganglia innervate meninges and vessels within the middle and anterior cranial fossae, especially in the same subfrontal and mesial temporal regions preferentially afflicted in acute herpes encephalitis. These limbic regions are critical for normal memory processing and recall. Explantation and cocultivation techniques have recently demonstrated Herpes simplex virus in many human trigeminal ganglia, which also reveal a life-long lymphocytic infiltration in the absence of any pathological changes in the sensory neurones. These lymphocytes may represent a histological marker of latent herpes virus, which when reactivating is well-established as the ganglionic source of recurrent herpes labialis. It is suggested that reactivation of the same dormant viral material travelling centripetally instead might be the cause of the “degenerative” lesions typical both of Alzheimer’s Disease and of the normal aged human brain.
Purine nucleotide de novo biosynthesis in the brain 1

ALTHOUGH the enzymes of purine nucleotide biosynthesis have been extensively studied in bacterial (GOTS & GOLDSTEIN, 1959; NIERLICH & MAGASANIK, 1965) and avian systems (BUCHANAN & HARTMAN, 1959), relatively little is known of their presence in brain tissue. Early work on the uptake of radiolabelled precursors into brain tissue has been summarized by H E L D & WELLS (1969). These workers, using radiolabelling techniques. have demonstrated that purine de ) io~o and salvage pathways d o operate in rat brain, the dr tiow pathway being utilized preferentially. The presence of one of the early enzymes in the pathway in brain has been established using the inhibitor L-azaserine (HOWARD et ul., 1970) to block the conversion N-(N-formylglycyl)-5-phospho-~-~-ribosylamine (FGAR) + 2-formamido-N-~-~~ibosylacetamidine 5'-phosphate (FGAM). It was assumed that the amount of [i4C]FGAR formed measures the rate of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Techniques now permit the direct assay of two further enzymes in a central part of the pathway: phosphoribosyl aminoimidazole carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.21. 5-amino-l-fi-~-ribosylimidazole 5'-phosphate (AIR) carboxylase) and phosphoribosylaminoimidazole succinocarboxamide synthetase (EC 6.3.2.6, 5-amino-1 -fi-~ribosylimidazole-4N-carboxyl-L-aspartic acid 5'-phosphate (SAICAR) kinosynthetase) (PATEY & SHAW, 1973). We now record the use of these assays in the study of de mu0 purine nucleotide biosynthesis in chicken, rat, sheep and bovine brain tissue.
Climate impact on interannual variability of Weddell Sea Bottom Water

[1] Bottom water formed in the Weddell Sea plays a significant role in ventilating the global abyssal ocean, forming a central component of the global overturning circulation. To place Weddell Sea Bottom Water in the context of larger scale climate fluctuations, we analyze the temporal variability of an 8‐year (April 1999 through January 2007) time series of bottom water temperature relative to the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and Antarctic Dipole (ADP). In addition to a pronounced seasonal cycle, the temperature record reveals clear interannual variability with anomalously cold pulses in 1999 and 2002 and no cold event in 2000. Correlations of the time series with ENSO, SAM, and ADP indices peak with the indices leading by 14–20 months. Secondary weaker correlations with the SAM index exist at 1–6 month lead time. A multivariate EOF analysis of surface variables shows that the leading mode represents characteristic traits of out‐of‐phase SAM and ENSO impact patterns and is well separated from other modes in terms of variance explained. The leading principal component correlates with the bottom water temperature at similar time scales as did the climate indices, implying impact from large‐scale climate. Two physical mechanisms could link the climate forcing to the bottom water variability. First, anomalous winds may alter production of dense shelf water by modulating open‐water area over the shelf. Second, surface winds may alter the volume of dense water exported from the shelf by governing the Weddell Gyre’s cyclonic vigor.
Macular granuloma due to tuberculosis without pulmonary symptoms

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The main site of involvement is the lung, but the bacillus may spread by hematogenous/lymph systems to other organs, including the eye.The incidence of ocular TB is 1-2% of extra-pulmonary cases. The authors present a case of a 28 years old female patient seeking medical care due to reduction of visual acuity in the left eye for 8 days. She had the best corrected visual acuity in the affected eye of 20/200, and the opposite eye was 20/20. At fundoscopy was shown a granuloma in the macular area of the left eye, with retinal edema and hemorrhage. After diagnostic investigation the patient was treated with antibiotic therapy for tuberculosis during 6 months, obtaining lesion regression and visual acuity improvement to 20/50.
Toward A Communicative Theory of Government Performance

Citizen survey is an important tool for government officials to receive citizen feedback and evaluate citizen satisfaction with public programs. However, it has an implicit assumption: Citizens are well informed about the effort and accomplishments of public services and can make a reasonable judgment on the service results. Using the citizen survey data from the City of Tulsa in the U.S., we show that there is indeed a significant relationship between the perception of being informed by the government and citizens’ satisfaction with public service performance, and the communication effect is especially important for services that have greater publicness and transaction cost challenges. Based on the results, we discuss the importance of public reporting in performance management and suggest how public communication strategies may tailor toward different citizen profiles and needs.
Cross-Border Regulatory Spillovers: How Much? How Important? What Sectors? Lessons from the United Kingdom

This paper forms the United Kingdom’s contribution to the International Banking Research Network’s project examining the cross-border spillovers of prudential policy actions, where each participant in the network uses proprietary bank-level data available to central banks. We examine whether UK-owned banks’ domestic lending is affected by prudential actions in other countries where they have exposures. We also examine the impact of a change in prudential policy in a foreign-owned UK-resident bank’s home jurisdiction on its lending to the United Kingdom. Our results suggest that prudential actions taken abroad do not have significant spillover effects on bank lending in the UK economy as a whole. But there are more granular effects: for instance, when a foreign authority tightens loan-to-value standards, UK affiliates of banks owned from that country expand their lending to UK households and corporates.
A New Parameter Estimation Method of Solar Photovoltaic

The accuracy in electrical model parameters of solar photovoltaic (PV), such as photon current, the diode dark saturation current, series resistance, shunt resistance, and diode ideality factor, are desirable to predict the real performance characteristics of solar PV under varying environment conditions. First, this paper derives mathematical model of solar PV, in terms of two unknown, namely, series resistance and ideality factor. Then, using combination of analytical method, simulated annealing method, and derived model, a new parameter estimation technique has been proposed. Finally, performance indices, such as PV characteristics curve, relative maximum power error, root mean square deviation, and normalized root mean square deviation are estimated for the various solar PV panels, using proposed and existing methods, to reveal the effectiveness of the proposed method. Also, experimental data have been considered for the validation. Finally, through the comparative analysis of the results, it is revealed that the proposed method offers solar PV characteristics more closer to the real characteristics than the other existing methods.
PRODUCT PROPERTIES : A NEW APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

A new class of physical properties of composite materials is that of "product properties" in which the phases or submaterials of the composite are selected in such a way that an effect in one of the phases or submaterials leads to a second effect in the other phase. A typical example is the magneto-electric effect in a composite material with one magnetostrictive and one piezoelectric phase: a magnetic field induces a distortion of the magnetostrictive phase, which in turn distorts the piezoelectric phase in which art electric field is generated. The composite as a whole can be considered macroscopically as a new, homogeneous material with a magneto-electric effect not exhibited by any of the composing phases on their own. The coupling, in this case, is of the mechanical kind. The entire class of product properties can be searched systematically for interesting properties by a kind of matrix scanning procedure. Typical examples will be given in the present paper.
Appropriate size and angulation for axis screw placement.

BACKGROUND A screw larger than 4.0-4.5-mm-diameter screw has now become the preferred sizefor providing maximum anchorage during atlantoaxial segmental fixation and transarticular screw fixation. At present, there are no studies available of Axis (C2) morphology related to screw placement specifically in Thai patients, a situation that might result in surgical complications. OBJECTIVE The purpose ofthis study was to determine the typical width, height and angulations in both C2 pars interarticularis and C2 pedicle in Thai population. MATERIAL AND METHOD A radiographic-based study was conducted in 54 Thai patients aged over 20 from July 2011 to January 2012 in Chiang Mai University Hospital. C2 parameters including the height, width, medial angulation and superior angulation of the pars interarticularis and the pedicle were measured by using a CT scan. Allparameters were measured using the ONIS 2.3 program. RESULTS The C2 pedicle in Thais was found to have a mean width of 5.47 mm (range 3.28-6.81 mm), a height 7.54 mm (5.9-9.54), a superior angulation of 27.54° (range 20. 65°-33.95°), and a medial angulation of 38.95° (range 28.07°-52.85°). C2 Pars interarticularis had a mean width of 7.72 mm (range 5.93-10.61 mm), a height of 4.47 mm (range 2.33-6.3 mm), a superior angulation of 49.85° (range 41.89°-58.65°), and a medial angulation of 6.76° (range 1.18°-13.5°). CONCLUSION Because the mean height of pars interarticularis is 4.47 mm, atlantoaxial arthrodesis should not use 4.5-mm-diameter screw, especially transarticular screws, due to the possibility of vascular and nerve damage.
Factors associated with decision time for patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction

Increased delay in visiting a hospital for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is often associated with poor outcomes. The factors associated with the decision time were analyzed by comparing the characteristics of patients with delays longer or shorter than the median of 60 min. Pre-hospital delay tended to be longer for patients living in suburban areas compared to those in urban areas (P=0.015). Shorter decision time was more likely among older patients. Being married, medical insurance coverage, and the level of educational qualification did not affect decision time. More efforts should be paid to educate the patients with high risk in suburban areas in order to effectively reduce pre-hospital delays.
Peer Effects in Corporate Disclosure Decisions

I investigate whether causal peer effects exist in corporate disclosure decisions. Using instrumental variable estimation to eliminate the effects of common shocks, I find that the average disclosure behavior of industry peers positively affects corporate disclosure decisions. The marginal effect of peer firm disclosure exceeds that of most firm-specific disclosure determinants studied in the prior literature. I corroborate the existence of discretionary peer effects by providing evidence that peer effects are absent when the disclosure is non-discretionary. In cross-sectional tests, I find that peer firm disclosure has a stronger impact on a firm’s disclosure decisions when the degree of strategic interactions between the firm and its industry peers is higher. I also provide evidence that industry followers respond to industry leaders’ disclosures but not vice versa. Finally, I examine capital-market effects and find that disclosure motivated by peers is associated with improved stock liquidity. Overall, this study highlights an important disclosure determinant and suggests that peer effects shape the corporate information environment.
Human computation scaling for measuring meaningful latent traits in political texts∗

Political scientists are increasingly interested in measuring latent political concepts embedded in written or spoken records. After all, most important political behaviors and outcomes are encoded in language. However, current approaches of turning natural language into meaningful measures are sometimes unsatisfying, relying on either costly and unreliable human coding or automated methods for document classification that miss subtleties of language easily identified by human readers. In this paper, we develop and validate an innovative “human computation” method for encoding political texts that preserves much of the reliability of automated methods while leveraging the superior ability of humans to read and understand natural language. We validate the method with online movie reviews, open-ended survey responses, advertisements for U.S. Senate candidates, and State Department reports on human rights. The framework we present is quite general, and we provide software to help researchers interact easily with online workforces to extract meaningful data from texts. ∗We thank John Freeman and Brandon Stewart for providing comments on a previous version of this paper. We are indebted to Ryden Butler, Dominic Jarkey, Jon Rogowski, Erin Rossiter, and Michelle Torres for their assistance with this project. We particularly wish to thank Matt Dickenson for his programming assistance. We also appreciate the assistance in the R package development from David Flasterstein, Joseph Ludmir, and Taishi Muraoka. We are grateful for the financial support provided by Steve Smith and the Weidenbaum Center on the Economy, Government, and Public Policy. Finally, we wish to thank the partner-workers at Amazon’s Mechanical Turk who make this research possible.
Taxation and Household Labour Supply

We evaluate reforms to the U.S. tax system in a life cycle set-up with heterogeneous married and single households and with an operative extensive margin in labour supply. We restrict our model with observations on gender and skill premia, labour-force participation of married females across skill groups, children, and the structure of marital sorting. We concentrate on two revenue-neutral tax reforms: a proportional income tax and a reform in which married individuals file taxes separately (separate filing). Our findings indicate that tax reforms are accompanied by large increases in labour supply that differ across demographic groups, with the bulk of the increase coming from married females. Under a proportional income tax reform, married females account for more than 50% of the changes in hours across steady states, while under separate filing reform, married females account for all the change in hours. Copyright , Oxford University Press.
The nutritive value for rats of high- and low-tannin sorghums treated with magadi soda.

Sorghum, cv. Serena, Mbangara and Lulu, containing, respectively, tannin 1.3, 0.7 and 0.5% in grain DM, was treated with 3.75% Magadi soda, Na2CO3NaHCO3.2H2O, for 3 days. Treatment of cv. Serena and Mbangara increased digestibility of crude protein, carbohydrate and energy for rats and increased biological value from 44.2 to 47.1 and from 39.1 to 44.6%, respectively, whereas net protein utilization increased, from 34.9 to 40.2%, in Mbangara only and cv. Lulu was not affected by treatment
Ease of Doing Business Reforms in Vietnam: Implications for Total Factor Productivity in Manufacturing Industries

This paper focuses on TFP analysis in the context of the impressive reforms of the ease of doing business in Vietnam using a novel and unique micro dataset of manufacturing enterprises between 2000 and 2010 for the analysis. The first phase of the reforms (2000-2005) observed the implementation of business start-up simplification, and the central governance of business regulations was decentralized to provincial authorities in the second phase (2006-2010). Results of this research are as follows. First, on average, larger firm-size and higher TFP growth rate were mostly observed in manufacturers at the TFP frontier (the fourth quartile of TFP). Second, the average ratio of female workers was higher in leading TFP manufacturers than in less productive firms in low-technology industries, especially in the second phase of the reforms. Third, the TFP catch-up of the least productive firms to the frontier firms was faster in the second phase (2006-2010) compared to the first phase (2000-2005) across all industries and economic regions. However, larger TFP gaps still existed in high-technology industries. Last but not least, the first-difference estimation of panel data comprising 63 provinces (in the second phase of the reforms) shows that local governments that performed better in the ease of doing business significantly fostered provincial manufacturing TFP in either for upper or lower productive provinces in Vietnam. Furthermore, a province gained significant spillovers from nearby elite provinces with leading productivity.
T lymphocyte tissue culture lines produced by cell hybridization

This study describes the generation of permanent T cell tissue culture lines by cell fusion techniques. The AKR strain‐derived T cell tumor BW 5147 was hybridized in the presence of polyethylene glycol with various T cell populations isolated from antigen‐sensitized mice. Surface analysis of resulting hybrid cell lines showed expression of both Thy‐1.2 and H‐2 antigens which are characteristic for the lymphocyte used for fusion. In contrast, in hybrids derived from spleen cells neither expression of Ig nor of B cell‐typicyl Ia determinants was found suggesting either preferential hybridization of BW 5147 cells with T lymphocytes or extinction of B cell markers in hybrid cells. These hybrid lines which may display the immunological properties of the T cell population chosen are presently investigated for their antigen reactivity.
Firm Specific Determinants of Under-Pricing on the Ghana Stock Market

The study provides empirical analysis of the initial and after-market short-run IPO returns over the period 1990-2009. The results show that firms on the Ghanaian stock market on average are under-priced on the initial trading day by 8.43%. The regression analysis also reveals that age, cost of debt, hot market, leverage and industry are the main determinant of under-pricing on the Ghanaian stock market.
Prospective Evaluation of Effect of Metformin on Activation of AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and Disease Control in a Sub-group Analysis of Patients with GI Malignancies

Background: Observational studies have demonstrated association of metformin with reduced cancer incidence and mortality in multiple cancer types, including gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. Anti-neoplastic effects of metformin are believed through many mechanisms including activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which controls mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) growth regulatory pathway. Methods: In a pilot, delayed-start randomized study, non-diabetic patients with GI cancers were randomized to 2 arms, Stage 1: concurrent metformin (500mg twice daily) plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone followed by cross over to metformin plus chemotherapy arm in Stage 2, while adverse events (DLT) were assessed by CTCAE v.3. 0. As a translational correlate, we used phosphorylation of AMPKα at Thr172 to measure AMPK activation by western blot technique in PBMCs isolated from patients before and after receiving M. These levels were correlated with radiological (RECIST 1.1) and tumor marker outcomes by descriptive analysis. In this study, we present the sub-group analysis of patients with GI cancers. Results: 41 patients with GI cancers (colorectal: 22, pancreatic: 12, gastroesophageal: 4, biliary: 2, others: 1) were treated in this trial. Mean duration of metformin therapy was 85 days (range: 9–443). There was no significant difference in grade 3 or above DLT in metformin plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy arm (14% vs. 12% respectively). Gel band density analysis on 19 patients showed that 63% patients had increased phosphorylation of AMPKα after metformin (ratio of phospho-AMPKα after and before metformin > 1) with mean = 1.227 (± 0.134). RECIST 1.1 restaging showed disease control in 55% patients and 45% patients had decline in tumor markers. Of note, 60% of patients with disease control also showed increase in phosphorylation of AMKα. Conclusions: This group of patients treated with metformin prospectively demonstrates the impact of metformin on AMPKα phosphorylation, and correlates with clinical benefit in patients with GI cancers when metformin was added to systemic chemotherapy of varying types. We aim to perform a dose-escalation of metformin in our next study with additional metabolomics correlates.
Electrical Conductivity Discontinuity at Melt in Phase Change Memory

Discontinuity of electrical and thermal conductivity values at melt has been reported in phase change materials. Signatures of the effect are found in phase change memory cells with Wall architecture. A quantitative model describing the dependence on temperature of electrical and thermal conductivity values of the phase change alloy is introduced, covering the range from solid phase to beyond melt. The model has been implemented in a 3-D electro-thermal TCAD tool and successfully validated against the experimental results.