Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Giving Up Control without Losing Control

Because involving lower echelon employees in decision making requires risk on the part of managers, we suggest that certain contextual features must be in place for managers to be more willing to do so. We hypothesize that managers’trust in employees, and two impersonal substitutes for trust—performance information and incentives—will increase managers’ involvement of lower echelon employees in decision making. Managers’involvement of lower echelon employees is further hypothesized to enhance organizational performance. Path analysis of survey data from the automotive industry provides support for the hypotheses.
Effect of cyanobacterial peptides and proteins on coagulation of kaolinite

Coagulation of peptides and proteins produced by the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and their influence on the coagulation of hydrophobic kaolinite particles were investigated. For this purpose, the dose of ferric sulphate used as the coagulant was optimized and jar tests with kaolinite, peptides/proteins and both kaolinite and peptides/proteins were carried out under different pH conditions. At pH 4–5.5, the peptides/proteins were efficiently coagulated and peptides/proteins were also found to contribute to the coagulation of kaolinite particles at this pH. Charge neutralization and adsorption were found to be the dominant coagulation mechanisms. The coagulation efficiency and the character of the prevailing coagulation mechanism were strongly dependent on the charge characteristics of the peptides/proteins, kaolinite and hydrolysis products of iron, thus on the pH value. At a pH of about 6, the coagulation process deteriorated due to the formation of soluble Fe-peptide/protein complexes.
A systematic review of Virtual Reality in education

Virtual reality has existed in the realm of education for over half a century. However, its widespread adoption is still yet to occur. This is a result of a myriad of limitations to both the technologies themselves, and the costs and logistics required to deploy them. In order to gain a better understanding of what these issues are, and what it is that educators hope to gain by using these technologies in the first place, we have performed both a systematic review of the use of virtual reality in education, as well as two distinct thematic analyses. The first analysis investigated the applications and reported motivations provided by educators in academic literature for developing virtual reality educational systems, while the second investigated the reported problems associated with doing so. These analyses indicate that the majority of researchers use virtual reality to increase the intrinsic motivation of students, and refer to a narrow range of factors such as constructivist pedagogy, collaboration, and gamification in the design of their experiences. Similarly, a small number of educational areas account for the vast majority of educational virtual reality implementations identified in our analyses. Next, we introduced and compared a multitude of recent virtual reality technologies, discussing their potential to overcome several of the problems identified in our analyses, including cost, user experience and interactivity. However, these technologies are not without their own issues, thus we conclude this paper by providing several novel techniques to potentially address them, as well as potential directions for future researchers wishing to apply these emerging technologies to education.
The Performance Implications of Timing of Entry and Involvement in Multi-Partner Alliances

We examined the distribution of benefits to partners in multipartner alliances by concentrating on dynamics of partner entry and involvement. Testing hypotheses in the Wi-Fi Alliance, we observed heterogeneity of benefits. In particular, the extent of organizational involvement in this alliance enhanced partners' reputation and market success with related product introductions but reduced their productivity. Participation in competing alliances enhanced productivity and market success despite potential efficiency losses. Finally, early alliance entrants gained market success, and both early and late entrants were more productive than intermediate entrants. These findings illuminate multipartner alliance complexity and disparity between common and private benefits.
Scientific Advances in Polychaete Research

The biogeography of Terebellidae (Polychaeta) using Parsimony Analysis o f Endemism (PAE) is investigat­ ed and species and genera distribution in relation to coastal and continental shelf areas o f endemism around the world is con­ sidered. Hierarchical patterns in PAE cladograms are identified by testing for congruence with patterns derived from cladistic biogeography and geological evidence. The PAE cladogram indicates that many of the extant terebellid worms from the current Southern Hemisphere (“Gondwanan clades”) have originated from Laurasian ancestors or, in the case o f the clade formed by Brazilian, South Atlantic and Antarctic taxa, have descended directly from an ancestral lineage common to some Northern areas. Tire present analysis also shows a high level o f endemism at the species level. Relationships o f tire areas dif­ fer slightly from previous biogeographical analyses applied to other polychaete families.
The Prognostic and Diagnostic Value of Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted MRI and 18 F-FDG PET/CT in Lymphoma Patients

Poster: "ECR 2014 / C-1337 / The Prognostic and Diagnostic Value of Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in Lymphoma Patients" by: "F. Mosavi, C. Wassberg, D. Molin, H. Ahlstrom; UPPSALA/SE"
Preparation of Miscible PVA/PEG Blends and Effect of Graphene Concentration on Thermal, Crystallization, Morphological, and Mechanical Properties of PVA/PEG (10 wt%) Blend

Water-soluble polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and their nanocomposites with graphene were prepared by using a solution mixing and casting technique. The effect of different PEG loadings was investigated to determine the optimum blend ratio. The films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) methods. Also, the mechanical properties including tensile strength and elongation at break were measured using a universal tensile testing machine. FTIR results confirmed the formation of the H-bond between PEG and PVA. DSC studies revealed that PEG has a significant plasticization effect on PVA as seen by the drop in the glass transition temperature (Tg). The blend with 10 wt% PEG loading was found to be the optimum blend because of good compatibility as shown by FTIR and SEM results and improved thermal properties. PVA/PEG (10%) nanocomposites were prepared using graphene as a nanofiller. It was found that the elongation at break increased by 62% from 147% for the PVA/PEG (10%) blend to 209% for the nanocomposite with graphene loading of 0.2 wt%. The experimental values of tensile strength were compared using the predictive model of Nicolais and Narkis.
The Gender Education Gap in China: The Power of Water

We investigate girls' school dropout rates, bringing forward a novel variable: access to water. We hypothesise that a girl's education suffers when her greater water need for female hygiene purposes after menarche is not met because her household has poor access to water. For testing we use data from rural villages in the China Health and Nutrition Survey. We find that menarche is associated with an increase in the school dropout rate, and indeed the effect is weaker for girls who have good access to water. Water engineering can thus contribute significantly to reducing gender education gaps in rural areas.
Exercise effects on physical activity level, self-perceptions, and quality of life of sedentary children, the interaction of BMI, and the association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and psychological variables

The purposes of this study were to (a) examine the relationship of physical activity with global self-esteem (GSE), physical self-worth (PSW), physical self-perceptions, and health related quality of life (HRQOL), and to (b) evaluate the effects of a 16 week exercise intervention on self-perception and quality of life related outcomes in sedentary youth. A sample, N = 40, of sedentary children 8-11 (M = 9.55) years of age, including 22 males and 18 females, 23 obese and 17 healthy weight participants, were assessed using the Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile (CY-PSPP), Children's Attraction to Physical Activity scale and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0), pre- and post test. Accelerometers measured PA level pre- and post-test as well. Participants were randomly assigned to an exercise intervention (n = 26) and control (n = 14) condition. Exercise participants were required to exercise for one hour, supervised, at least 3 days/week over a 16-week period. Children exercised one-on-one or in small groups. Participants were required to average > 140 bpm per activity bout as measured by heart rate monitors. Activity options were limited to equipment and space available. The control group consisted of a no treatment condition. Pearson's Correlation demonstrated no significant association between physical activity and any of the psychological variables. Independent samples T-tests demonstrated similarity between the groups for most variables at baseline, and for all variables at follow-up; obese children were found to have impaired perceived body attractiveness and HRQOL physical functioning when compared to healthy weight participants. 2 x 2 Repeated Measures ANOVAs demonstrated no effect of the exercise intervention on any of the outcome variables for healthy weight or obese participants. Overall, the current investigation implies that moderate to vigorous physical activity level may lack association with global self-esteem, physical self-worth, physical self-perceptions and HRQOL among inactive 8-11 year olds. Additionally, basic exercise interventions may be insufficient to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity level, and improve global self-esteem, physical self-worth, physical self-perceptions, and HRQOL among inactive healthy weight or obese children.
DIRECTORS ’ REMUNERATION AND PERFORMANCE IN AUSTRALIAN BANKING Abstract

This paper explores the relationship between directors’ and Chief Executive Officers’ pay and performance within Australian banking, using panel data for the 1992-2005 period. Several earnings models are estimated, using different dependent variables, alternate measures of performance and different estimation techniques. The results indicate an absence of a contemporaneous relationship between directors’ pay and firm performance, and no association with prior year performance. However, there is a more distant pay-performance relationship, with total directors’ pay having a robust positive association with earnings per share lagged two years, as well as with ROE lagged two years. The other key determinants of directors’ pay in Australian banking are bank specific managerial policies, lags in the administration of pay, bank size, directors’ age and directors’ stock ownership. In contrast to total directors’ pay, the evidence confirms a strong positive and direct association between CEO remuneration and prior year bank performance. The pay-performance association is stronger and more direct for CEO remuneration than it is for total directors’ remuneration. The responsiveness of CEO pay with respect to bank performance appears to have increased over time.
The impact of product quality on relationship quality: Empirical evidence from automotive industry

Building and maintaining successful relationship with customers has become the prime focus for many organizations.The ability of a brand to successfully manage customer relationships provides it with better opportunities for improving its competitive advantage. Past research paid less attention to examine the effect of product quality on relationship quality and its dimensions; brand trust, brand commitment, and brand satisfaction.Therefore, this paper intends to fill this gap and examine the effect of product quality on creating relationship quality in Malaysian automotive market. Several shopping centres in Northern region of Malaysia were utilized to conduct this study, whereby a survey using systematic sampling technique was administered to 384 passenger car users.The empirical results, using structural equation modeling (SEM), supported all the hypotheses. Particularly, the results revealed that product quality has significant positive effect on brand trust, brand commitment, and brand satisfaction. The results also indicated that product quality plays an important role in affecting overall relationship quality.The study is limited to individual customers in Northern region of Malaysia.Future studies may apply this work to organizational level, and expand it to other industry and country contexts in order to grasp better insights on role of product quality in influencing customer brand relationship.
Strain Gauge analysis of non-axial loads in three-element implant-supported prostheses

This study evaluated “ in vitro ”, the microstrain around three external hexagon implants linearly placed after static loadings on non-axial points of Co-Cr superstructures. The implants were inserted into a polyurethane block and their microunit prosthetic abutments were screwed with torque of 20 Ncm. Four strain gauges were linked to the block around the implants. Onto the abutments, Co-Cr superstructures (n = 5) were screwed with torque of 10 Ncm. The static vertical loads of 30 kg were applied for 10 s during 3 repetitions in four non-axial points located perpendicularly to the long axis (A and B) and another two points at the extremity of the superstructure (A` and B`). The data were recorded with the aid of a conditioner of electrical signals and the Strain-Smart software. The results obtained were submitted to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It could be concluded that there were no significant differences in the effects of the applications of non-axial loads of this present study (p = 0.6464). Also, there were no differences between the displacement means, 3 mm for A and B; 5 mm for A’ and B’ (p = 0.8731). Keywords Biomechanics, Dental implant, Dental prosthesis.
The Development of Central Pontine Myelinolysis in a Type 1 Diabetic Patient With Anti-Insulin Antibody and Similar Clinical Manifestations to Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome

Central pontine myel i nolysis is a demyelinating disorder, which is commonly associated with the rapid correction of hyponatremia. We repot an 84-year-old type 1 diabetic woman with high level of anti-insulin antibody, who developed central pontine myelinolysis, in spite of a careful correction of hyponatremia. We believe that high level of anti-insulin antibody and similar clinical manifestations to autoimmune polygrandular syndrome such as Candidiasis, hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes and liver cirrhosis possibly due to autoimmune hepatitis may be associated with the development of central pontine myelinolysis. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.4021/jem112w
FACTORS AFFECTING THE LOW QUALITY OF GRADUATES IN EAST INDONESIA BORDER AREA (CASE STUDY AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN MERAUKE REGENCY, PAPUA)

Graduation rate of state senior high school in Merauke Regency, Papua - Indonesia which is approximately close to 100% has already become a ‘big question’ due to the low rate of acceptance to continueing study in the universities or to working in both public and private agency. The research aimed to map factors affecting the low quality of state senior high school graduates in Merauke Regency, Papua - Indonesia. The research sampel consist of 9 state senior high schools in Merauke Regency. Observation on school facilities and infrastuctures, documentation study on graduation data, and profound interview were the tools of the research to collect data. The data were given qualitative treatment using fishbone analysis. The results revealed four main factors affecting the low quality of state senior high school graduates in Merauke Regency, that are: (a) teacher’s competence, (b) students’ attendance and motivation for learning, (c) parental support, and (d) teaching learning facilities and infrastructures.
Study of roost selection and habits of a bat, Hipposideros armiger in mainland China.

Roost selection, perching activity habits and the degree of human disturbance of a bat, Hipposideros armiger were studied from December 2010 to September 2013 in mainland China. Sixty-nine potential roosts were investigated. Among those, 54 roosts were occupied by bats, of which 20 roosts were used by H. armiger. The differences of various roosts were compared by measuring the structural characteristics of these roosts, the microenvironment and the degree of human disturbance. Comparing the 54 roosts used by bats with the 15 roosts not used by bats, it was found that the former had fewer entrances, larger volumes, longer cave lengths, higher temperatures and lower illuminance. Fifteen hibernation roosts of H. armiger had relatively lower illuminance and fewer entrances. Eleven breeding roosts of H. armiger had relatively longer cave lengths and lower illuminance, whereas the temperature and humidity were relatively high. H. armiger do not often co-inhabit roosts with other species. However, sometimes they co-inhabit roosts with Hipposideros pratti. Pregnant females give birth to a single young each year between May and early June. During the breeding and young rearing periods, the males and females usually live in different roosts, except for a few males that remain with the females in the breeding place.
ENERGETIC PARTICLE CROSS-FIELD PROPAGATION EARLY IN A SOLAR EVENT

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) have been observed to easily spread across heliographic longitudes, and the mechanisms responsible for this behavior remain unclear. We use full-orbit simulations of a 10 MeV proton beam in a turbulent magnetic field to study to what extent the spread across the mean field can be described as diffusion early in a particle event. We compare the full-orbit code results to solutions of a Fokker–Planck equation including spatial and pitch angle diffusion, and of one including also propagation of the particles along random-walking magnetic field lines. We find that propagation of the particles along meandering field lines is the key process determining their cross-field spread at 1 AU at the beginning of the simulated event. The mean square displacement of the particles an hour after injection is an order of magnitude larger than that given by the diffusion model, indicating that models employing spatial cross-field diffusion cannot be used to describe early evolution of an SEP event. On the other hand, the diffusion of the particles from their initial field lines is negligible during the first 5 hr, which is consistent with the observations of SEP intensity dropouts. We conclude that modeling SEP events must take into account the particle propagation along meandering field lines for the first 20 hr of the event.
Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragm Thickness, Pulmonary Function, and Chest Expansion in Chronic Stroke Patients

연구 대상자는 총 29명(남자 17명, 여자 12명)으로 흡기근 저항훈련군(15명)과 대조군(14명)으로 분류하였다. 모든 대상자는 6개월 이상된 만성 뇌졸중 환자로 일반적인 신경발달치료를 받고 있으며, 같은 기간동안 흡기근 저항훈련군에 역치부하 흡기근육 단련기(threshold IMT device) 를 제공하고 주 3회 ×1회 20분씩 6주간 시행하였다. 마비측과 비마비측 횡격막 두께측정을 위해 초음파의 7.5MHz linear probe 를 사용하여 최대 흡기시(Tdi.con)와 휴식시(Tdi.rel)의 두께를 측정하고 수축률(TR)을 계산하였다. 또한 폐 활량계를 사용하여 노력성 폐활량을 측정하였으며, 줄자를 사용하여 흉곽 확†Corresponding Author : hnskim@cup.ac. krThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 장을 측정하였다. 연구결과
Europe's Foreign and Security Policy: The institutionalization of cooperation: an analytical framework

List of tables Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Introduction: foreign and security policy in the European Union Part I. Institutions and Foreign Policy Cooperation: The Theoretical and Empirical Terrain: 1. The institutionalization of cooperation: an analytical framework 2. Institutions and European foreign policy cooperation: the empirical link Part II. The Institutionalization of Cooperation: 3. Origins: intergovernmentalism and European political pooperation 4. Information-sharing and the transgovernmental EPC network 5. Norms, rules and laws in European foreign policy 6. Organizations and European foreign policy 7. Toward governance: the Common Foreign and Security Policy Part III. Residual Institutional Issues: 8. Unfinished business: coherence and the EU's global ambitions Conclusion: beyond the CFSP: institutions, defense and the European identity References Index.
A relationship between d104 value and composition in the calcite-disordered dolomite solid-solution series

Abstract X-ray diffraction has been widely used in analyzing Ca-Mg carbonates. Compositions of biogenic and inorganic (Ca,Mg)CO3 crystals are often calculated by comparing their d104 values with published empirical curves. However, previous studies suggested that these curves do not apply to very high-Mg calcite and disordered dolomite. Based on synthesized high-Mg calcite and disordered dolomite, a new empirical curve between values of magnesian calcite d104 and MgCO3 content in the calcite-disordered dolomite solid-solution series is constructed. This new curve is consistent with the significant cell parameter changes accompanying the Mg-Ca cation disorder in dolomite, and it can help the characterization of the MgCO3 content of both natural and synthetic magnesian calcite and disordered dolomite, especially for the mineral mixtures that are not suitable for other analysis methods.
Amended Final Offer Arbitration is Promising: Evidence from the Laboratory

Arbitration is frequently utilized to settle disputes. Much research has focused on the properties of final offer arbitration (FOA) relative to conventional arbitration. Both mechanisms should encourage settlement in standard environments, previous empirical work finds that impasses are common. A modification of FOA, amended final offer arbitration (AFOA), has been proposed as an alternative mechanism. This paper compares the theoretical and behavioral properties of AFOA and FOA. Based on controlled laboratory experiments, AFOA outperforms FOA, generating significantly greater pre-arbitration settlement. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, offers converge under AFOA; however, FOA offers neither converge nor are consistent with theoretical predictions.