Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Archaeology and Citizen Science:: Introducing the goals of FindSampo and the SuALT project

Metal-detecting in Finland is growing in popularity, and with responsible metal-detectorists wishing to report their finds to the authorities, so also grows the pressure on the heritage sector to respond. But recording finds made by metal-detectorists is not merely a matter of providing a service to a certain group of enthusiasts; research in Finland and elsewhere shows that the archaeological data uncovered by non-professionals can have a big impact on archaeological knowledge production if the right fields of data and metadata are recorded. In this article we present the SuALT project (Suomen arkeologisten löytöjen linkitetty avoin tietokanta the Finnish Archaeological Finds Linked Open Database), intended as a solution for making the most of the increasing number of artefacts found by metal-detectorists and other members of the public. This is a four-year project carried out in collaboration between the University of Helsinki, Aalto University and the Finnish Heritage Agency, with the common goal of creating an open database, named FindSampo (Fi. Löytösampo, Swe. Fyndsampo), of archaeological finds made by the public most commonly through the hobby of metal-detecting. We give background to the project in terms of its European context and the framework of ‘citizen science’ in archaeology, and discuss the planned benefits of the project for both heritage management and archaeological research.
A micro-electro-mechanical-system-based inertial system with rotating accelerometers and gyroscopes for land vehicle navigation

Micro-electro-mechanical-system accelerometers and gyroscopes outputs are corrupted by significant random errors. The rotation modulation technique, which was mainly applied to ring laser gyro and fiber optical gyro, has been recently employed to compensate the micro-electro-mechanical-system inertial sensor errors in an inertial navigation system. As the fluctuating error processes in micro-electro-mechanical-system inertial sensors are difficult to be modeled or estimated, the inertial measurement unit rotating is an efficient way to automatically compensate for these random errors. This research applied the rotation modulation technique to the low-cost micro-electro-mechanical-system sensors and proposed an inertial system with rotating accelerometers and gyros for the land vehicle navigations. As previous research only studied the low-cost rotary inertial systems in the static conditions or simulation scenarios, the kinematic field tests are carried out to take the first look on the details and results of the low-cost rotary system for vehicular navigation. Accordingly, as the sensor random errors are very difficult to be dealt with, we conducted the analysis for the effect of inertial measurement unit rotation imposed on the random errors of the micro-electro-mechanical-system inertial sensors. Two different micro-electro-mechanical-system inertial measurement units are tested with a single-axis indexing table. The test results indicate the error mitigations are also related to the error characteristics of the inertial measurement unit as the navigation errors are more efficiently compensated for the micro-electro-mechanical-system inertial measurement unit that contains mainly the time-correlated noise than the one features significant white noise.
A study into the reasons for process improvement project failures: results from a pilot survey

Purpose Process improvement initiatives, such as Lean, Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma, typically have common characteristics that are carried through projects. Whilst a project’s performance is an important determinant of the successful implementation of continuous improvement (CI) initiatives, its failure can undermine the impact of any CI initiative on business performance. As a result, an understanding of the reasons of process improvement project failures is crucial. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a pilot survey highlighting the most common reasons for process improvement project failures. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a pilot survey of 42 Brazilian manufacturing specialists who have been involved in process improvement projects. The participants of this survey were Six Sigma Master Black Belts, Black Belts, Green Belts and Six Sigma champions from manufacturing companies in Brazil. The survey questionnaire was piloted with five experts in the field in order to ensure that the questions were valid and technically sound. Findings The execution of Six Sigma projects in organizations results in a moderate rate of project failures. These failures can cost organizations several millions of dollars especially within the context of larger organizations. The main reasons for project failure, as cited by the specialists include: resistance to change, lack of commitment and support from top management and incompetent teams. Research limitations/implications The authors report the findings from a pilot survey having a limited sample size. Moreover, the data have been collected from one country and primarily from large manufacturing companies. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study looking into the reasons for process improvement project failures. The authors argue that if the top reasons for such failures are understood, a framework can be developed in the future that can mitigate the chance of project failures during project execution. This could potentially lead to significant savings to the bottom-line of many organizations.
Pinch analysis, as a technique for optimising resource utilisation and promoting environmental sustainability: A review of recent case studies from the developing world and transition economies

Pinch analysis, as a technique to optimise the utilisation of resources, traces its beginnings to the 1970s in Switzerland and the UK – ETH Zurich and Leeds University to be more precise. Over four decades down the line, this methodology has entrenched itself in research circles around the world. While the technique was developed, to begin with, for energy (heat) recovery, it has since then expanded to embrace several other fields, and enabled optimisation of resource utilisation in general. The motive behind this article is to perform a focused, selective review of recent case studies from the developing world and transition economies, having ‘pinch analysis’ in their titles and thereby as their ‘core, crux and gist’, during the period 2008-2018. The resources focused on, include heat energy, electrical energy, water, solid waste, money, time, land (surface area), storage space (volume), human resources, mass of resources in general and hydrogen, while a handful of publications have their focus on carbon dioxide (greenhouse gases in general) emissions. Multi-dimensional pinch analysis promises to be an effective tool for sustainability analysis in the years to come; most importantly in the developing world where social well-being and economic development are priorities in the years ahead, and they ought to be attained by a simultaneous truncation of the environmental footprint, in other words, an optimisation of resource utilisation as well as adverse environmental impacts. In other words, the focus ought to be on sustainable production (efficiency) and consumption (sufficiency).
A Model for International Spillovers to Emerging Markets

This paper develops a small open economy (SOE) dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model that helps to explain business cycle synchronization between an emerging market and advanced economies. The model captures the specificities of both economies (e.g. primary commodity, manufacturing, intermediate inputs, and credit) that are most relevant for understanding the importance as well as the transmission mechanisms of a wide range of domestic and foreign (supply, demand, monetary policy, credit, primary commodity) shocks facing an emerging economy. We estimate the model with Bayesian methods using quarterly data from South Africa, the US and G7 countries. In contrast to the predictions of standard SOE models, we are able to replicate two stylized facts. First, our model predicts a high degree of business cycle synchronization between South Africa and advanced economies. Second, the model is able to account for the influence of foreign shocks in South Africa. We are also able to demonstrate the specific roles these shocks played during key historical episodes such as the global financial crisis in 2008 and the commodity price slump in 2015. The ability of our framework to capture endogenous responses of commodity and financial sectors to structural shocks is crucial to identify the importance of these shocks in South Africa.
Dynamics of Demographic Structure and Economic Growth in Nigeria

This study evaluated the impact of demographic structure on Nigeria’s economic growth over the period between 1981 and 2016. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag ARDL) framework and granger causality test, this study confirms the existence of a long-run relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The results further showed that aged population has a negative impact on economic growth while children population as well as labour force stimulates the growth of the Nigerian economy both in the short-run and long-run thereby support the existence of the demographic dividend hypothesis. On the other hand, whereas a bidirectional relationship exists between aged population and economic growth in Nigeria and a unidirectional causality runs from children population and labour force to real GDP, economic growth engenders gross fixed capital formation (investment) and school enrolment. Hence, this study concludes that aged population, children population, labour force, gross fixed capital formation and secondary school enrolment constitute important determinants of economic growth in Nigeria. Therefore, this study recommends that the Nigerian government provide incentives and platforms which will encourage old people to engage in productive activities and to continually develop human capital of the children and labour force as it would increase the effectiveness of labour and have growth-enhancing effects on the Nigerian economy.
Do Social Ties Matter for Corporate Bond Yield Spreads? Evidence from China

Research Question/Issue. This paper studies the effect of top management team (TMT) network centrality on corporate bond yield spreads. In additional analyses, we examine the hierarchical structures of TMT and study which parts contribute to the decrease in bond yield spreads. We also examine the mediating roles (including informed trading probability, media coverage, political ties, financial ties, and bond ratings) and the moderating roles (including marketization and analysts following) in the correlation between TMT network centrality and corporate bond yield spreads. Research Findings/Insights. This paper finds that firms with high TMT network centrality are significantly negatively correlated with lower bond yield spreads. The findings are robust after controlling for a series of sensitivity checks and endogenous concerns. The results of the hierarchical structures show that the decrease of bond spreads is accounted for CFOs' networks and board members' networks, whereas the role of CEOs' networks is not apparent. More importantly, after controlling CEOs' networks, CFOs' networks, and board members' networks, the centrality of all TMT members' networks remains statistically significant, indicating that firms can benefit from the interlocking of all TMT members (not just the senior members). From the mediating effect results, we find that high TMT network centrality increases the value of a firm's probability of informed trading and its bond ratings while also increasing a firm's access to media coverage, political ties, and financial ties, which in turn can help lower bondholder' risk premiums. The moderating effect results show that the higher the marketization index and the more analysts following a firm, the higher the benefit of TMT network centrality to bond spreads. Theoretical/Academic Implications. The results provide strong evidence that bondholders require lower bond yield spreads for firms with higher TMT network centrality, which suggests that TMT network centrality is critically essential for firms to obtain resources and to build a good corporate image and reputation; TMT network centrality can also lead to better information flow. Practitioner/Policy Implications. This paper can inform various stakeholders about the impact of high TMT network centrality on bond yield spreads. It would be helpful to ensure the reasonable pricing of corporate bonds and to promote healthy and sound development of the bond market.
A multivariate distance nonlinear causality test based on partial distance correlation: a machine learning application to energy futures

This paper proposes a multivariate distance nonlinear causality test (MDNC) using the partial distance correlation in a time series framework. Partial distance correlation as an extension of the Brownian distance correlation calculates the distance correlation between random vectors X and Y controlling for a random vector Z. Our test can detect nonlinear lagged relationships between time series, and when integrated with machine learning methods it can improve the forecasting power. We apply our method as a feature selection procedure and combine it with the support vector machine and random forests algorithms to study the forecast of the main energy financial time series (oil, coal, and natural gas futures). It shows substantial improvement in forecasting the fuel energy time series in comparison to the classical Granger causality method in time series.
External photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs in sparse stellar groups: the impact of dust growth

We estimate the mass loss rates of photoevaporative winds launched from the outer edge of protoplanetary discs impinged by an ambient radiation field. We focus on mild/moderate environments (the number of stars in the group/cluster is N ~ 50), and explore disc sizes ranging between 20 and 250 AU. We evaluate the steady-state structures of the photoevaporative winds by coupling temperature estimates obtained with a PDR code with 1D radial hydrodynamical equations. We also consider the impact of dust dragging and grain growth on the final mass loss rates. We find that these winds are much more significant than have been appreciated hitherto when grain growth is included in the modelling: in particular, mass loss rates > 1e-8 M_sun/yr are predicted even for modest background field strengths ( ~ 30 G_0) in the case of discs that extend to R > 150 AU. Grain growth significantly affects the final mass loss rates by reducing the average cross section at FUV wavelengths, and thus allowing a much more vigorous flow. The radial profiles of observable quantities (in particular surface density, temperature and velocity patterns) indicate that these winds have characteristic features that are now potentially observable with ALMA. In particular, such discs should have extended gaseous emission that is dust depleted in the outer regions, characterised by a non-Keplerian rotation curve, and with a radially increasing temperature gradient.
Conceptualizing Credibility in Social Media Spaces of Public Relations

There is not an organization today that can afford to ignore the power of social media. Public relations professionals have recognized that it is essential to leverage social media to build and maintain relationships with increasingly interactive publics in a credible way that will foster strong relationships. The purpose of this national study is to re-conceptualize our understanding of credibility in the context of social media by analyzing how organizations employ social media to build credibility. The findings of the study not only extend source and medium credibility research into a timely context, but also contribute to theoretical development and practice in the public relations field. Findings indicate that trustworthiness, expertise, personable interaction and invitational rhetoric are critical dimensions for the credibility of an organization interacting through social media. There is not an organization or brand in operation today that can afford to ignore the power of social media. In 2013, engaging through social media became the number one single online activity for individuals (Smith, 2013). Publics that interact with organizations through these dynamic platforms seem to expect greater levels of transparency, interaction and dialogue from public relations professionals and organizations (Duhé, 2012). Among the many ways social media has changed the relationship between organizations and publics is the perception of credibility. Source credibility is a concept that has fascinated communication scholars for many decades, with studies examining the characteristics required in a communication source in order for it to be perceived as credible (Gaziano & McGrath, 1986; Hovland, Janis & Kelley, 1953; Hovland & Weiss, 1951; Whitehead, 1968). In addition, with the advent of mass communication, credibility scholars also focused on medium credibility, looking not at the person or source, but at the conduit delivering information (Gaziano & McGrath, 1986; Kiousis, 2001; Meyer 1988). Therefore, while many credibility studies focus on either the source or the medium, in more recent years some scholars have suggested that this may actually result in an incomplete understanding of credibility. One such scholar, Moriarty (1996), advocated that credibility is an issue for both the source of a message as well as for the channel or medium carrying the message. Arguably, this is especially true in today’s digital media environment. Kim and Brown Organizational Credibility And Social Media Public Relations Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4 (Winter 2015) 2 The purpose of this study is to re-conceptualize our understanding of credibility in the context of social media by analyzing how public relations professionals on behalf of organizations employ social media to build credibility.
Privacy-Preserving Outsourced Calculation Toolkit in the Cloud

In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving outsourced calculation toolkit, Pockit, designed to allow data owners to securely outsource their data to the cloud for storage. The outsourced encrypted data can be processed by the cloud server to achieve commonly-used plaintext arithmetic operations without involving additional servers. Specifically, we design both signed and unsigned integer circuits using a fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme, construct a new packing technique (hereafter referred to as integer packing), and extend the secure circuits to its packed version. This achieves significant improvements in performance compared with the original secure signed/unsigned integer circuit. The secure integer circuits can be used to construct a new data mining application, which we refer to as secure <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="liu-ieq1-2816656.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-nearest neighbours classifier, without compromising the privacy of original data. Finally, we prove that the proposed Pockit achieves the goal of secure computation without privacy leakage to unauthorized parties, and demonstrate the utility and efficiency of Pockit.
Validity of Detection of Driver's Surprised State Based on Systolic Blood Pressure

It is said that one-third of deaths from traffic accidents is due to improper state of driver, such asunfocused or inattentive driving, thus the development of systems that can detect state of drivers is very importantin order to reduce the number of deaths more. In order to develop the system which can detect driver’s state, weattempt to detect driver’s surprised state based on blood pressure. From the experiment using driving simulator,it is found that systolic blood pressure get to be high after driver feels surprised. In addition, compared to thetime-series data of LF/HF, the detection by systolic blood pressure is more adequate method than that by LF/HFwhen we refer the driver’s introspective reports.
Stakeholder participation: An empirical investigation

Studies point to the fact that most stakeholders in health projects implemented by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Uganda have in some one way or another, not been optimally involved in their implementation. This has led to various projects failing to provide anticipated benefits on a sustainable basis. This study therefore aimed at examining the level of stakeholder participation on health projects in Uganda. Methodologically, this study adopted quantitative research design. The results indicated that some key project stakeholders are neither involved in the consultative meeting for the projects, nor in design of the project. The study findings showed that the level of stakeholder participation in health projects among NGOs in Uganda is still low. The implication is that if stakeholders are not actively involved in the project by being consulted, taking up roles and making decisions concerning the health interventions which impact them; this is likely to negatively affect the sustainability of the project. It was thus recommended that stakeholders should be consulted as regards the project before it is implemented and that this participation should be encouraged throughout the project life. This may be in form of letting stakeholders air out their views in the consultative meetings for the project, consulting them on the needs identification for the project, and carrying out leadership roles for the project. Key words: Stakeholder participation, project management, health projects, Uganda.
China's Development Finance to Asia

This study empirically examines China’s development finance to developing countries with a focus on Asia from 2000 to 2012. It uses AidData's Global Chinese Official Finance Dataset, one of the most reliable and publicly available data sources that systematically collects and ifferentiates different types of China’s official development financial flows, to produce descriptive and inferential statistics for Asia, a world region where the rise of China poses unique challenges. Descriptive statistical analysis indicates that South Asia was the largest recipient of China’s ODA-like flows in Asia for the period under study while the majority of China’s OOF-like flows to Asia went to Eastern Europe and Central Asia. In both types of flows, energy, transport, and mining sectors received the bulk of financing. The estimation results show that China’s allocation decisions for its concessional flows in the region have strong motives of pursuing strategic interests while its less concessional flows are committed to more governance-challenged countries. This study also provides detailed discussion of the trends in China’s development finance to Southeast Asia, a subregion which is critical to China’s strategic and economic interests.
How Structural and Environment Variables Affect Job Satisfaction of Hotel Employees in Surabaya?

This research focused on structural variables that could be controlled by the company and environment variables that could not be controlled by the company. These two variables could influence the creation of job satisfaction by hotel employees in Surabaya. This research was associative causal research using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as a statistical tool with SmartPLS 2.0 as the statistical software. This research used the non-probability method with convenience sampling technique with employees from four and five star hotels in Surabaya as the population. The total sample was 100 respondents. This research was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019. The results of this study show that structural variables have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Meanwhile, environment variables have a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction.