Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy -aware operating system design

As computer technology progresses, making smaller, lighter, and faster computing devices possible, we are experiencing a proliferation of high-performance handheld and mobile, embedded computing devices. As these devices become faster, applications more complex, and microprocessors more powerful, it is becoming difficult to provide sufficient runtime with the available stored energy in small devices. To address this, research is now starting to look into low-power and energy-conserving computer designs. Much of this work is in the domain of microprocessor and system hardware designs that reduce the energy required for computation, generally involving a trade-off between computational throughput and power consumption. This thesis considers a software-centric approach to designing low-power embedded and mobile computing systems, identifying what must be done in the system software to create an energy-aware and -efficient system. A three-pronged approach of designing an energy-conserving OS is proposed, focusing primarily on reducing processing energy costs. (1) First, we survey various techniques of optimizing OS services to the expected characteristics of small, embedded systems, in order to reduce processing and energy overheads for the common-case scenarios. (2) Second, algorithms for real-time task scheduling are devised in order to exploit energy-conserving hardware techniques, while alleviating their performance impacts. Sprint-and-halt algorithms and real-time dynamic voltage scaling (RT-DVS) algorithms are developed to exploit software-controlled power down of hardware, and processor voltage and frequency scaling, respectively, to reduce energy consumption in real-time systems while maintaining all deadline guarantees. (3) Third, a comprehensive system of task-adaptation, called the Energy-aware Quality-of-Service (EQoS) framework is introduced. This framework provides differentiated service quality to applications tasks, weighing energy requirements against value of computation and system runtime, in order to maximize the total value of computation in a time- and energy-constrained environment. In addition, as the energy requirements of applications is a critical input to any energy-based adaptation system, methods of measuring and modeling task energy requirements are also explored. This work investigates energy-aware operating system design by developing and implementing software mechanisms and algorithms in working systems, demonstrating the efficacy of the energy-conserving techniques developed.
Unpacking Healthy Workplace Practices Effects on Intrinsic Motivation of ICT Professionals: A SEM Approach

Purpose of the article: This study investigated the effects of healthy workplace practices through its dimensions (work-life balance, growth and development, employee recognition, employee involvement, and health and safety) on intrinsic motivation of ICT professionals working in the Nigerian public sector. Methodology/methods: The study employed the survey research design, and the simple random sampling technique was used to administer 315 copies of questionnaires distributed to ICT professionals working with the Lagos State Government, Nigeria. Scientific aim: Based on the existing literature, five hypotheses were tested using the inferential statistical technique of a co-variance based structural equation modelling of the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) version 21. The outcomes of the multivariate statistical procedures yielded good fit indexes from the confirmatory factor analysis, measurement and structural models, respectively. Findings: The results of the tested hypotheses signposted a significant effect of work-life balance, growth and development, involvement, and employees’ health and safety on intrinsic motivation. Also, an insignificant effect of employees’ recognition was established on intrinsic motivation. Conclusions: This study concludes that employers in the public sector (government) should endeavour to restructure their workplace policies and practices to become healthy in nature with a view to enhancing employees’ intrinsic motivation and well-being on the one hand and, viability and efficaciousness of the public sector on the other.
Teacher Professionalism, Teacher Agency, and Student Resilience in Chinese Inclusive Education: A Sociological Perspective

This chapter is situated in the context of ‘Learning in Regular Classrooms (LRC)’, a national inclusive education programme initiated by the Chinese government in the 1980s. Building on the grounds of the author’s extant projects, the chapter debates the connections among teacher professionalism, teacher agency, and student resilience in the Chinese LRC context. LRC teachers’ agency is considered to be an important dimension of their professional competence. Their agency work in exploring, identifying, and gaining support within a resource-scarce and neoliberalised educational setting can socialise students with special needs into a resilience process, promote student wellbeing, and offset the negative effects of system deficiency. The contribution of this chapter is timely – at a time when both the international discourse of inclusion and the scholarly debates of teacher agency and student resilience are calling for more educational and social efforts to bring various stakeholders together for the sake of marginalised and underserved students.
Developing a project within a school-university partnership: factors that influence effective partnership working

ABSTRACT This paper advances the discourse on school-university partnerships by considering the challenges of implementing a project to support the professional development of teachers through the use of video-mediated lesson observation within such a partnership network. The project discussed here was initially established by teacher-educators and located in the secondary sector of a school-university partnership in England. It offers an interpretive framework for analysing school-university partnerships. The impact of this project was limited due to asymmetric power relations. The effectiveness of partnership working is discussed by considering the degree of congruence between the perspectives of and division of labour between both school-based mentors and teacher-educators and those factors identified in literature as supporting effective partnership working. The findings point to effectiveness being compromised when power and control are located within one community resulting in school-based mentor disengagement and the project aims only being partly fulfilled.
Evaluating dual‐process theory of decision‐making in Chinese delinquent adolescents

Abstract Objective Dual‐process theories have dominated the study of crime research and risk perception over the last two decades. However, no study to date has examined these combined approaches in research into delinquent youths. The current study aimed to address this issue by comparing cognitive and affective processes between Chinese delinquent and non‐delinquent adolescents, and investigated whether variables of the two processes were correlated with each other and whether they predicted delinquent behaviours. Method Delinquent adolescents (n = 122, Mage = 15.3 years, SD = 1.2, 62 males, 60 females) were recruited from juvenile institutions, while typically developing controls (n = 129, Mage = 15.2 years, SD = 1.7, 59 males, 70 females) were recruited from local schools; all participants completed a cognitive appraisal questionnaire and a computerised gambling task. Teacher reports on delinquent behaviour were also collected. Results In cognitive decision‐making, delinquent adolescents perceived more benefits, less risks, and a higher anticipated involvement in relation to risky events than non‐delinquent adolescents. In affective decision‐making, the delinquent group exhibited higher risk‐taking and poorer vigilance in risk modulation than the non‐delinquent group. Delinquent adolescents were also less likely to bet on the advantageous choice than their non‐delinquent counterparts. Conclusions The current study provides a more encompassing picture of the divergent decision‐making pathways associated with delinquent groups, allowing for better prevention and intervention programs that combine cognitive and behavioural components.
Embodied experiences of abstinence-only education: a case study of women in Uganda

ABSTRACT There is a growing body of research, primarily from the U.S. context, indicating that abstinence-only education (AOE) is largely ineffective (Kohler, P. K., L. E. Manhart, and W. E. Lafferty. 2008. “Abstinence-only and comprehensive sex education and the initiation of sexual activity and teen pregnancy.” Journal of Adolescent Health 42 (4): 344–351; Rosenbaum, J. E. 2009. “Patient teenagers? A comparison of the sexual behavior of virginity pledgers and matched non-pledgers. ” Pediatrics 123 (1): e110 – e120). However, there is a dearth of research about the gendered dimensions of AOE, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. We focus on the case of Uganda due to the high sexual risk factors, especially for women and girls, as well as the strong presence of AOE. Drawing on interview data with 33 young Ugandan women, results from this study demonstrate how AOE reinforces deeply embedded cultural norms and harmful traditional practices, from victim blaming to bride price. AOE is inherently gendered, damaging to young women’s self-esteem and perceived bodily integrity, and does not promote informed sexual health decisions. The findings from our study illustrate that comprehensive sexual education that promotes inquiry and critical thinking from students may serve as a powerful weapon against gendered oppression.
Educational and skills mismatch of university graduates with labour market requirements in construction sector in Libya

This thesis investigates the educational and skills mismatch between university graduates and the requirements of the Libyan construction industry labour market. Additionally, it descriptively discusses the expected determinants and reasons behind this mismatch. The data in the current study was mainly collected by using questionnaire. With respect to the incidence of different types of educational and skills mismatch, in line with previous evidence obtained from developing countries, the results show that most employees have held jobs commensurate with their level of education in terms of the level of qualification (low horizontal mismatch). However, a sizeable number of those employees are believed to have a vertical educational mismatch with their jobs in terms of their specialisation. The findings of the present study show that the incidence of educational mismatch is representative, on average, of 30% of the sample for the study. Comparatively, the incidence of educational mismatch in Libya seems to be equivalent to what has been found in prior studies undertaken in other developing countries. With respect to skills mismatch, a considerable number of employees in the Libyan construction sector are perceived to have a skills mismatch with their job specifications. The current study also statistically examines the relationship between certain characteristics of the participants in the study (e.g., gender, age, marital status, education, experience, and firm size) on one hand, and the level of job satisfaction on the other hand. The results reveal a significant association between these characteristics and employees’ satisfaction. This thesis addresses an existing gap in the literature of developing countries by providing evidence and analysis related to the incidence of education and skills mismatch with job specifications in Libya, which has experienced instability and uncertain circumstances in recent years. In addition, it discusses two important areas. First, the study identifies the role of workplace characteristics in determining the level and type of educational and skills mismatch. Second, it investigates the effect that these different types of mismatch could have on job satisfaction among employees in the Libyan construction sector. The results of the present study provide several implications for the practitioner and policymaker. Significantly, it has been noted in the results that the incidence of educational mismatch is attributed more to general degrees rather than specific degrees, and therefore, it is strongly recommended that policymakers in Libya encourage and support more specific-occupation types of qualifications.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM BENTUK MACROMEDIA FLASH MATERI TABUNG UNTUK SMP KELAS IX

The purpose of the research is to produce media-based math learning macromedia flash on the subject of the cylinder in the junior class IX valid, practical and efective for her then experimented to see the potential effects of media-based learning macromedia flash cylinder subject to students' understanding of concepts. The method used is the development of research that consists of three phases: define, design and develop. The material validation result 74,64 was in good. The media was tried out at SMPN 44 Sijunjung. The students’ response in small and large-scale try out result 87,56 were in very good category (very practical). Obtained from testing the potential effects of instructional media using macromedia flash to the understanding of the concept of students is 78 in both categories. It can be concluded that the macromedia flash media-based learning subject that researchers develop effective cilinder used in the learning of mathematics.
The terror management effects of a disaster song

Following terror management theory (TMT), we hypothesized that listening to a disaster song could increase cultural worldview defenses in a manner similar to the mortality-stimulating essay typically used in TMT research. Participants were divided into four groups. Two of the groups received death-related themes: one wrote an essay about dying and the other group heard a song about men who died in a shipwreck. The other two groups received pain-related stimuli: one wrote an essay about dental pain and the other heard a song about a migrant worker’s painful separation from family. Dependent variables examined pro-social behavior, ranking one’s country, children, and emotions. Results showed similar effects for the mortality-stimulating essay and the disaster song on two variables: ranking one’s country in the world and the importance of having children. In addition, compared to the pain-of-separation song, the disaster song produced significantly more negative and less positive emotion ratings; the emotion ratings of the essay groups did not differ significantly. Results show that a disaster song can produce effects similar to those that have been observed for a mortality-stimulating essay. Further, the effects of disaster songs may extend to strengthening cultural worldview defenses.
Improving Disease Prevalence Estimates Using Missing Data Techniques

The prevalence of a disease in a population is defined as the proportion of people who are infected. Selection bias in disease prevalence estimates occurs if non-participation in testing is correlated with disease status. Missing data are commonly encountered in most medical research. Unfortunately, they are often neglected or not properly handled during analytic procedures, and this may substantially bias the results of the study, reduce the study power, and lead to invalid conclusions. The goal of this study is to illustrate how to estimate prevalence in the presence of missing data. We consider a case where the variable of interest (response variable) is binary and some of the observations are missing and assume that all the covariates are fully observed. In most cases, the statistic of interest, when faced with binary data is the prevalence. We develop a two stage approach to improve the prevalence estimates; in the first stage, we use the logistic regression model to predict the missing binary observations and then in the second stage we recalculate the prevalence using the observed data and the imputed missing data. Such a model would be of great interest in research studies involving HIV/AIDS in which people usually refuse to donate blood for testing yet they are willing to provide other covariates. The prevalence estimation method is illustrated using simulated data and applied to HIV/AIDS data from the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey, 2007.
Phronesis and clinical decision-making: the missing link between evidence and values

Decision-making depends on bringing evidence together with values: decision theory for example employs probabilities and utilities; health economic decisions employ measures such as quality of life. The hypothesis guiding this chapter is that bringing evidence together with values in clinical decision-making requires an exercise of phronesis. Our aim however is not to justify our guiding hypothesis. It is rather to outline an account of phronesis that is in principle fit for the purposes of clinical decision-making if our guiding hypothesis is correct. The chapter has three sections. Section 1 describes the growing gap between evidence and values in clinical decision-making: the missing link, we suggest, required to bridge this gap, is an appropriate account of phronesis. Section 2 provides an initial characterisation of the required account of phronesis via Michael Polanyi’s twin stipulation on the nature of tacit knowledge. Section 3 then fills out the required account using John McDowell’s characterisation of phronesis as a situation specific but at the same time conceptually structured form of practical discernment. A McDowellian account of phronesis, we argue, in satisfying Polanyi’s twin stipulation, provides an in-principle bridge between evidence and values. We conclude with a note on some of the further requirements if the gap is to be bridged not only in principle but in practice too.
Pengaruh Likuiditas Dan Kepemilikan Institusional Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen Perusahaan Manufaktur

Investors decide to invest in a company to get a profit in the form of dividends or capital gains. The company must consider the dividend policy that will be made because the decision on dividend distribution will be taken into consideration by investors before making an investment. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of liquidity and institutional ownership on dividend policy. This research was conducted at a listed manufacturing company in 2014-2017. The method of determining the sample used is using purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the study, liquidity proxied by the current ratio has a positive and significant effect on dividend policy. Liquidity proxied by cash ratio has a negative and not significant effect on dividend policy. Institutional ownership has a positive and significant effect on dividend policy. Keywords: liquidity, institutional ownership, dividend policy.
Effectiveness of a Short After-School Intervention on Physical Fitness in School-Aged Children

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of an 8-week extracurricular multilateral training program on some components of physical fitness in children. Participants (8-10 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EMT, n=14) that performed an extracurricular multilateral training (60 min., 3 sessions per week), or a control group (ST, n=14) that performed a standard school-based physical education program only. Participants physical fitness was assessed by measuring the sit and reach, stork balance stand, standing long jump, and Harre test at baseline and after 8-weeks.The EMT showed significantly (p<0.05) greater improvement than ST group in all fitness tests following training. Results indicate that extracurricular multilateral activities focused on exercises aimed to the development of the conditional and coordinative motor abilities, improve the health- and skill-related components of physical fitness.
Evaluation Report: NH Multi-Stakeholder Medical Home Pilot

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the NH Citizens Health Initiative MultiStakeholder Medical Home Pilot in nine family practices in New Hampshire to better understand the nature of the PCMH model implemented and if and how the PCMH model improved quality and reduce costs. In the context of growing interest in the PCMH model, this evaluation contributes to our understanding of the PCMH models underway in New Hampshire, how the PCMH can be adapted in different contexts, the lessons learned for implementing practice redesign, and the potential for the model to impact health care utilization, cost, and quality outcomes. This section presents the background and set-up of the evaluation, the methods used, and Part I of the findings from the evaluation. Parts II and III will be made available upon peer-reviewed publication.
Do Risk Factor Disclosures Reduce Stock Price Crash Risk?

The informativeness of risk factor disclosures is a subject of debate. We predict and find that risk factor disclosures in 10-K filings reduce the chance of a large negative movement in stock prices—stock price crash risk. This effect is further identified through a difference-in-differences analysis and the regression discontinuity design approach. The channels for this effect appear to be the reduction of information asymmetry and bad news hoarding—the effect is stronger in firms with higher information asymmetry, litigation risk, short interest, or better corporate governance. Overall, our findings provide evidence that the disclosures contain information content and constitute an underlying cause of stock price crash risk.
BOTH PEER EDUCATION AND DEMONSTRATION METHOD IMPROVE STUDENT’S KNOWLEDGE IN FIRST AID OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT

Traffic accident has become one of the main problems in the world with increasing numbers of occurrence annually. Traffic accident needs immediate and accurate treatment before main aid from medical staff. First aid becomes important and immediate interventions which a lay person can perform with minimum or without medical equipment. First aid is closely related to knowledge of a lay person. The people’s knowledge can be improved through peer education and demonstration methods toward students’ knowledge in giving first aid related to traffic accident. This study was an experimental research with pretest-posttest of control group approach. There were respondents consisting of 48 participants devided into two groups. The data was analyzed by using paired t-test and independence sample t-test. Questionnaire were used to measure the knowledge before and after intervention. The findings showed improvement on students’ knowledge about traffic accident with peer education and demonstration methods respectively (p=0.000). There was no difference in improvement of the knowledge for both methods (p=0.512). Peer education and demonstration methods can be used to improve students’ knowledge dealing with first aid of traffic accident.
“When You Care Enough to Send the Very Best”: Examining the Person-Centered Quality of Message Features Provided in Sympathy Cards

Sympathy cards are a popular channel by which grief support is communicated. In order to better understand the supportive messages used in sympathy cards, a content analysis was performed. The messages found in one hundred cards from major greeting card companies were coded based on their level of person centeredness (Burleson, 1994) and their use of grief management strategies (Marwit & Carusa, 1998). Results indicate sympathy cards typically rely on moderate and high person centered messages. The majority of strategies previously identified by the modified Support-Intended Statements Scale (SISS) were used. However, one unique strategy labeled “difficulty knowing what to say” was identified.