Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attributions and Attitudes of Mothers and Fathers in Sweden

SYNOPSIS Objective. The present study examined mean level similarities and differences as well as correlations between mothers' and fathers' attributions regarding successes and failures in caregiving situations and progressive versus authoritarian attitudes. Design. Interviews were conducted with mothers and fathers in 77 Swedish families. Results. Fathers reported higher adult-controlled failure and child-controlled failure attributions than did mothers; these differences remained significant after controlling for parents' age, education, and possible social desirability bias. Significant positive correlations were found for mothers' and fathers' progressive attitudes, authoritarian attitudes, and modernity of attitudes after controlling for parents' age, education, and possible social desirability bias. Conclusions. In Sweden, fathers are more likely to attribute failures in caregiving situations to themselves and to children than are mothers, and there is moderate concordance between fathers and mothers within the same family in progressive and authoritarian parenting attitudes.
Stabilizing high-period orbits in a chaotic system: The diode resonator.

The chaotic dynamics found in the diode resonator has been converted into stable orbits with periods up to 23 drive cycles long. The method used is a modification of that of Ott, Grebogi, and Yorke [Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1196 (1990)]. In addition to stabilizing existing low-period orbits, the method allows making small alterations in the attractor permitting previously nonexistent periodic orbits to be stabilized. It is an analog technique and therefore can be very fast, making it applicable to a wide variety of systems
The Rpd3L HDAC complex is essential for the heat stress response in yeast

To ensure cell survival and growth during temperature increase, eukaryotic organisms respond with transcriptional activation that results in accumulation of proteins that protect against damage and facilitate recovery. To define the global cellular adaptation response to heat stress, we performed a systematic genetic screen that yielded 277 yeast genes required for growth at high temperature. Of these, the Rpd3 histone deacetylase complex was enriched. Global gene expression analysis showed that Rpd3 partially regulated gene expression upon heat shock. The Hsf1 and Msn2/4 transcription factors are the main regulators of gene activation in response to heat stress. RPD3‐deficient cells had impaired activation of Msn2/4‐dependent genes, while activation of genes controlled by Hsf1 was deacetylase‐independent. Rpd3 bound to heat stress‐dependent promoters through the Msn2/4 transcription factors, allowing entry of RNA Pol II and activation of transcription upon stress. Finally, we found that the large, but not the small Rpd3 complex regulated cell adaptation in response to heat stress.
Signal Processing based on Stable radix-2 DCT Algorithms having Orthogonal Factors

This paper presents stable, radix-2, completely recursive discrete cosine transformation algorithms DCT-I and DCT-III solely based on DCT-I, DCT-II, DCT-III, and DCT-IV having sparse and orthogonal factors. Error bounds for computing the completely recursive DCT-I, DCT-II, DCT-III, and DCT-IV algorithms having sparse and orthogonal factors are addressed. Image compression results are presented based on the recursive 2D DCT-II and DCT-IV algorithms for image size $512 \times 512$ pixels with transfer block sizes $8 \times 8$, $16 \times 16$, and $32 \times 32$ with $93.75\%$ absence of coefficients in each transfer block. Finally signal flow graphs are demonstrated based on the completely recursive DCT-I, DCT-II, DCT-III, and DCT-IV algorithms having orthogonal factors.
Catecholamines and neuropeptide Y in the prostate gland of the streptozotocin-treated diabetic rat.

The concentrations of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (ADR), dopamine (DOP), serotonin (5-HT), and the distribution and intensity of staining of nerves containing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuropeptide Y ( NPY) have been studied in the prostate gland of control and streptozotocin (STZ) -diabetic rats. The weight of the prostate of diabetic animals was uniformly less than that of age-matched controls. The immunohistochemical study of the axons in the prostate showed an increase in the density of TH and NPY axons after 12 weeks of STZ diabetes. It is suggested that this is an indication of the presence of diabetic autonomic neuropathy, and that it may correspond to the retraction and regrowth of sympathetic nerve terminals. We conclude that diabetic autonomic neuropathy can affect the prostate gland, and the presence of increased levels of amines and peptides may be of interest in relation to the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the spread of prostatic carcinoma.
Weakly Supervised Object Detection with Pointwise Mutual Information

In this work a novel approach for weakly supervised object detection that incorporates pointwise mutual information is presented. A fully convolutional neural network architecture is applied in which the network learns one filter per object class. The resulting feature map indicates the location of objects in an image, yielding an intuitive representation of a class activation map. While traditionally such networks are learned by a softmax or binary logistic regression (sigmoid cross-entropy loss), a learning approach based on a cosine loss is introduced. A pointwise mutual information layer is incorporated in the network in order to project predictions and ground truth presence labels in a non-categorical embedding space. Thus, the cosine loss can be employed in this non-categorical representation. Besides integrating image level annotations, it is shown how to integrate point-wise annotations using a Spatial Pyramid Pooling layer. The approach is evaluated on the VOC2012 dataset for classification, point localization and weakly supervised bounding box localization. It is shown that the combination of pointwise mutual information and a cosine loss eases the learning process and thus improves the accuracy. The integration of coarse point-wise localizations further improves the results at minimal annotation costs.
Parental hypertension and cardiovascular response to cognitive and isometric challenge.

The purposes of this investigation were to contrast the cardiovascular responses of sons of hypertensive and normotensive parents to tasks involving cognitive and isometric challenge, and lo examine the relationship of individual differences in heart rate (HR) reactivity to baseline blood pressure (BP) measurements. Thirty-six male, undergraduate volunteers (18 with and 18 without a parental history of hypertension) were scheduled for two, 1-hr experimental sessions (Days I and II). On Day 1, HR and BP measurements were obtained while subjects performed each of three laboratory tasks: a difficult test in concept formation, serial subtraction, and a sustained handgrip at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction. Each task lasted 3 min and was preceded by a 3-min baseline interval. On Day II, subjects were instructed to relax quietly while baseline measures of HR and BP were recorded. Relative to sons of normotensive parents, offspring of hypertensives exhibited higher mean Systolic BPs during all task periods; no corresponding group differences were observed on either Day I or Day II baseline recordings. Unlike SBP, Diastolic BP measurements did not vary reliably by parental hypertensive/normotensive status. Although the mean HRs of sons of hypertensives were significantly higher than in offspring of normotensives, these differences obtained uniformly across both the baseline and task intervals. Among subjects identified as High HR reactors during the two cognitive tasks, sons of hypertensive parents exhibited Day II baseline SBPs about 9 mmHg higher than did subjects without a parental history of hypertension. Among subjects identified as Low HR reactors, baseline SBPs did not differ reliably between sons of hypertensive and normotensive parents.
Immunohistochemical ETS‐related gene detection in a Japanese prostate cancer cohort: Diagnostic use in Japanese prostate cancer patients

Chromosomal rearrangements that result in high expression levels of the ETS‐related gene (ERG) present in approximately 50% of prostate cancer (PCa) patients, making this one of the most common oncogenic alterations in PCa. However, ERG overexpression at the protein level has not been rigorously evaluated in Japanese PCa patients. In this study, we evaluated ERG expression using antibody‐based detection in 230 prostate specimens in a Japanese PCa cohort. Overall, we identified 20.1% ERG‐positive PCa cases. ERG was not detected in benign glands. The specificity of ERG staining for detecting PCa was almost 100%; all of the ERG‐positive samples were also diagnosed as PCa. The expression level of the ERG protein correlated with clinicopathological variables, including grade (P= 0.038), stage (P= 0.005), and metastatic status (P= 0.014). No correlation was observed with age (P= 0.196) or with preoperative prostate‐specific antigen level (P= 0.322). Although the frequency of ERG‐positive cases in Japanese PCa patients (20.1%) was lower than that reported in a PCa cohort in Western countries (approximately 50%), our study demonstrates that the clinical utility of ERG detection at the protein level can serve as an ancillary tool for diagnosing PCa in the Japanese population.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Base and Nucleotide Excision Repair of Clustered DNA Damage Sites. I. Model Properties and Predicted Trends

Abstract Semenenko, V. A. , Stewart, R. D. and Ackerman, E. J. Monte Carlo Simulation of Base and Nucleotide Excision Repair of Clustered DNA Damage Sites. I. Model Properties and Predicted Trends. Radiat. Res. 164, 180–193 (2005). DNA is constantly damaged through endogenous processes and by exogenous agents, such as ionizing radiation. Base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) help maintain the stability of the genome by removing many different types of DNA damage. We present a Monte Carlo excision repair (MCER) model that simulates key steps in the short-patch and long-patch BER pathways and the NER pathway. The repair of both single and clustered damages, except double-strand breaks (DSBs), is simulated in the MCER model. Output from the model includes estimates of the probability that a cluster is repaired correctly, the fraction of the clusters converted into DSBs through the action of excision repair enzymes, the fraction of the clusters repaired with mutations, and the expected number of repair cycles needed to completely remove a clustered damage site. The quantitative implications of alternative hypotheses regarding the postulated repair mechanisms are investigated through a series of parameter sensitivity studies. These sensitivity studies are also used to help define the putative repair characteristics of clustered damage sites other than DSBs.
Isoproterenol Exacerbates a Long QT Phenotype in Kcnq1-Deficient Neonatal Mice: Possible Roles for Human-Like Kcnq1 Isoform 1 and Slow Delayed Rectifier K+ Current

To determine whether the neonatal mouse can serve as a useful model for studying the molecular pharmacological basis of Long QT Syndrome Type 1 (LQT1), which has been linked to mutations in the human KCNQ1 gene, we measured QT intervals from electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of wild-type (WT) and Kcnq1 knockout (KO) neonates before and after injection with the β-adrenergic receptor agonist, isoproterenol (0.17 mg/kg, i.p.). Modest but significant increases in JT, QT, and rate-corrected QT (QTc) intervals were found in KO neonates relative to WT siblings during baseline ECG assessments (QTc = 57 ± 3 ms, n = 22 versus 49 ± 2 ms, n = 28, respectively, p < 0.05). Moreover, JT, QT, and QTc intervals significantly increased following isoproterenol challenge in the KO (p < 0.01) but not the WT group (p = 0.57). Furthermore, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings show that the slow delayed rectifier K+ current (IKs) was absent in KO but present in WT myocytes, where it was strongly enhanced by isoproterenol. This finding was confirmed by showing that the selective IKs inhibitor, L-735,821, blocked IKs and prolonged action potential duration in WT but not KO hearts. These data demonstrate that disruption of the Kcnq1 gene leads to loss of IKs, resulting in a long QT phenotype that is exacerbated by β-adrenergic stimulation. This phenotype closely reflects that observed in human LQT1 patients, suggesting that the neonatal mouse serves as a valid model for this condition. This idea is further supported by new RNA data showing that there is a high degree of homology (>88% amino acid identity) between the predominant human and mouse cardiac Kcnq1 isoforms.
How do rumors spread during a crisis?: Analysis of rumor expansion and disaffirmation on Twitter after 3.11 in Japan

Purpose – This aim of this paper is to elucidate rumor propagation on microblogs and to assess a system for collecting rumor information to prevent rumor-spreading. Design/methodology/approach – We present a case study of how rumors spread on Twitter during a recent disaster situation, the Great East Japan earthquake of March 11, 2011, based on comparison to a normal situation. We specifically examine rumor disaffirmation because automatic rumor extraction is difficult. Extracting rumor-disaffirmation is easier than extracting the rumors themselves. We classify tweets in disaster situations, analyze tweets in disaster situations based on users' impressions and compare the spread of rumor tweets in a disaster situation to that in a normal situation. Findings – The analysis results showed the following characteristics of rumors in a disaster situation. The information transmission is 74.9 per cent, representing the greatest number of tweets in our data set. Rumor tweets give users strong behavioral facilita.
Absorption of Iron in Cirrhosis of Liver

(Lancet, 1962). It is also uncertain whether the same intensity of anticoagulant therapy is needed for the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. As mentioned above, the technique employed may influence the P.C. T.R. appreciably. It is probable that when acetone-dried brain is used as the source of thromboplastin, as in the studies quoted above, most centres would consider a P.C. T.R. between 2 and 2.5 to be within the therapeutic range. This has, in general, been the level of depression aimed at in the Cardiff Royal Infirmary; and with P.C. T.R. s not greatly above 2.5 there have, to our knowledge, been very few serious haemorrhages due to anticoagulant treatment, over a period of several years. Unless the experience gained with the prothrombin test over a long period is to be entirely disregarded, our results suggest that it is desirable to keep the thrombotest level below 15 %, since we found that most values in the 15 to 20% range correspond to a P.C. T.R. of less than 1.5. On the other hand, it is wise to avoid allowing the thrombotest level to fall below 7%: in order to provide a margin of safety 8% is suggested as a suitable lower limit. Such a range (8% to 15% ) would strike a balance between insufficient and too much anticoagulant. It should be noted that for a given range of thrombotest values our results appear to indicate a smaller depression of coagulation activity (as shown by the Quick test) than was found by Matthews and Walker (1959). For example, for the thrombotest range of 10 to 20% our P.C. T.R. values ranged from 1.9 to 1.3; for the same range Matthews and Walker found P.C. T.R. values of about 2.5 to 1.7 (calculated from Fig. 3 of their paper). This presumably results from differences between the prothrombin techniques, and in no way invalidates the present recommendations.
Antinociceptive action of 2-(4-bromobenzoyl)-3-methyl-4,6-dimethoxy benzofuran, a novel xanthoxyline derivative on chemical and thermal models of nociception in mice.

The antinociceptive effect of the novel xanthoxyline derivative 2-(4-bromobenzoyl)-3-methyl-4-6-dimethoxy benzofuran) (BMDB), given i.p., p.o. , s.c. , subplantarly, intrathecally or by i.c. v. routes was assessed in five models of chemical and thermal nociception in mice, namely acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, formalin and capsaicin-induced licking, hot-plate and tail-flick tests. BMDB given by i.p., s.c. , subplantarly or by i.c. v. routes elicited dose-related and long-lasting (4 hr) antinociception, but had no significant effect by p.o. route. At the ID50 level, this compound was about 15- to 100-fold more potent than aspirin and acetaminophen, but it was about 2- to 50-fold less potent than morphine. Its analgesic action was not influenced by naloxone, L-arginine, antagonist of alpha-1 adrenoceptor, prazosin, tau -aminobutyric acid (B) antagonist, phaclofen, after adrenalectomy, but was reversed in part by p-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester. Its analgesic action was not secondary to an anti-inflammatory effect, or was it associated with nonspecific effect such as muscle relaxant or sedative actions of animals. We conclude that BMDB produces dose-dependent spinal and supraspinal antinociception as evaluated in several algesic models in mice, including the neurogenic nociception responses induced by formalin and capsaicin. Its antinociceptive effect was insensitive to naloxone, suggesting the lack of involvement of endogenous opioid, was not modulated by adrenal glands and does not involve interaction with the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway, activation of alpha-1 adrenoceptors or tau-aminobutyric acidB receptors, but requires, at least in part, the serotoninergic pathway.
Spontaneous pancreatic islet amyloidosis in 40 baboons

Spontaneous amyloidosis occurs in many nonhuman primate species but remains difficult to diagnose and treat. Nonhuman primates continue to offer promise as animal models in which to study amyloidosis in humans. Amyloidosis was not diagnosed clinically but was found histologically in four male and 36 female baboons. The baboons averaged 18 years of age at death (range, 7–28 years). Clinical signs, if present, were hyperglycemia and cachexia. Blood glucose values were elevated in 12 of 30 baboons with available clinical pathology data. Four baboons had been clinically diagnosed as diabetic and three were treated with insulin. Amyloid was found in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in 40 baboons; 35 baboons had amyloid only in the islets of Langerhans. Amyloid was found in nonislet tissue of baboons as follows: five, nonislet pancreas; four, intestine and adrenal; three, kidney; two, prostate and spleen; and one each, lymph node, liver, gall bladder, stomach, tongue, urinary bladder, and salivary gland. Sections of paraffin‐embedded tissues were evaluated for amyloid with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and congo red (CR) staining, and using immunohistochemistry for human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), somatostatin (SS), and porcine insulin. Islet amyloid was positive with HE in 40 baboons, with CR in 39 baboons, and with IAPP and CGRP in 35 baboons. IAPP and CGRP only stained islet amyloid. PP, SS, glucagon, and porcine insulin did not stain amyloid. Islet amyloidosis in the baboon appears to be difficult to diagnose clinically, age‐related, and similar to islet amyloidosis in other species. The baboon may be a good model for the study of islet amyloidosis in humans.
New rules, new tools: Predicting academic achievement in college admissions

In de toelating tot het hoger onderwijs wordt sinds kort via decentrale selectie of matching gekeken of studenten bij een studie passen. Net zoals bij de selectie van personeel worden veel beslissingen genomen op basis van intuitie en ontbreekt vaak een goede verantwoording. De centrale vraag in dit proefschrift was dan ook: Hoe kunnen we studenten het beste selecteren? Ik laat zien dat: (1) het gebruik van vragenlijsten om persoonlijkheid en motivatie te meten niet werkt bij selectie omdat studenten deze vragenlijsten sociaal wenselijk invullen. Ik concludeer dat motivatie en persoonlijkheid heel lastig te meten zijn in selectiesituaties. (2) de beste manier op studenten te selecteren is om ze een toets te geven die lijkt op wat ze later in hun studie moeten gaan doen, ook wel proefstuderen genoemd. Niet alleen blijkt proefstuderen goed te voorspellen wie later ook goede studieresultaten haalt, het geeft aspirant-studenten ook inzicht in of de studie bij ze past. Proefstudeertoetsen werden daarnaast zeer gewaardeerd door aspirant-studenten, terwijl loting en het gebruik van middelbare schoolcijfers niet gewaardeerd werden. (3) het effect van selectie op het studiesucces voor de meeste studieprogramma’s in Nederland echter klein is. Dat komt doordat de meeste studieprogramma’s maar een klein percentage van de aspirant-studenten afwijzen en de meerderheid van de aanmelders ‘geschikt’ zijn voor de studie. Een grote uitdaging bij het realiseren van effectieve en eerlijke selectiebeslissingen in het onderwijs en in het bedrijfsleven is om weerstand te bieden tegen het vertrouwen in onze intuities. Er dient veel meer gebruik te worden gemaakt van wetenschappelijke kennis uit de selectiepsychologie.
A random graph with a subcritical number of edges

A random graph Gn(prob(edge) = p) (p = c/n, 0 ci/2j) as n -oo, the random graph does not have a cycle of length > 1. Another result is that, with probability approaching 1, the size of the vth largest component either equals an integer closest to alog(bn/v log5/2 n), a = a(c), b = b(c), or is one less than this integer, provided that v -oo and v = o(n/ log5/2 n).
The complete mitogenome of blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1766 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1766 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) was determined in this study. The full length mitogenome is 16 157 bp in size, and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a non-coding control region, with the base composition of 33.70% for A, 18.99% for C, 12.22% for G, and 35.09% for T. The gene order of P. pelagicus mainly retains as the pancrustacean ground pattern, except for a single translocation of tRNAHis gene. The mitogenome data provide a basis for further studies on population genetics and phylogenetics.