Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The fair charge on a car ferry

Vehicles whose lengths are independent identically distributed random variables with known distribution function are loaded onto ferries of fixed known length, each ferry departing as soon as it can no longer accommodate the next vehicle in the queue. We work out how much a vehicle of any particular length ought to pay for use of the ferry, as well as the expected number of vehicles per ferry and expected revenue per ferry in equilibrium.
ISSN 2094-1420

The present study investigated whether epistemological beliefs (i.e. learners‟ beliefs in acquiring knowledge and knowledge itself) can significantly predict self-determination (i.e. drive that comes primarily from the self which pushes an individual to engage in a task) among Filipino preservice teachers. Specifically, the study aimed to determine whether each subscale of epistemological belief (i.e. Complexity of Learning and Structure of Learning) was correlated and would significantly predict self-determination (i.e. Perceived Choice and Awareness of Self). There were 310 preservice teachers in the undergraduate level from different colleges and universities in the Greater Metro Manila area who were asked to complete two measures: Schommer Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire derived by Bernardo (2008) and Self-Determination Scale. The average age of the participants was 19.16 years (SD = 1.63). Correlation and multiple regressions conducted in the study revealed that only complexity of learning significantly increased with each subscale of selfdetermination.
Contribution of Internal Nutrients Loading on the Water Quality of a Reservoir

Sediment plays an important role in the water quality of a lake by acting as both a nutrient source and sink. The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water depends on the internal load from the sediment as well as the external load. To estimate the effects of sediment load on the water quality of a reservoir, we applied a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and transport model based on the benthic chamber experimental results at Euiam Lake, South Korea. As shown in the sensitivity analysis results, the eutrophication period could be significantly extended by a change of phosphorus flux rates from the sediments. The increased phosphorus flux from the sediments intensifies the algal growth of Euiam Lake, which could cause serious algal bloom during spring and fall. This study provides information on nutrient concentrations in the sediment of Euiam Lake, verifies the role of the sediment as a source or sink of nutrients, and evaluates the effect of sediment release of nutrients and contaminants on water quality. This research is a useful tool in determining the effects of internal load in lakes and establishing the operation guideline for sediment management in order to maintain feasible water quality for beneficial use.
Initial Analysis of GBDE

GBDE was proposed at BSDCon 2003 as a disk encryption mechanism for FreeBSD GBDE [2]. GBDE’s author claimed that with GBDE it would take 2 steps to compromise one sector, 2 steps to compromise the entire disk and that it would take 2 steps to compromise the disk if the “lock sectors” were destroyed. We find lower numbers for each of these three as well as fundamental transactionality issues.
Assimilation with ROMS-LETKF for the Coastal Ocean

The coastal ocean is one of the most critical regions of the ocean. It has many unique and complex physical processes spanning various spatial and temporal scales. The central California coast is one of such areas. It has significant coastal upwelling processes, involving mesoscale eddies and fronts. It is also a well-sampled area where a variety of observations are made though a number of field experiments. To better understand the physical processes and improve the estimation and prediction in the this area, an advanced ensemble Kalman filter method coupled with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) for the central California coast is used in this study. This study focuses on two aspects in data assimilation (DA): stratification of coastal ocean and dynamic constraints, under the observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) framework in an idealized California current system.
Air quality and the lung function of communities in the concessional area of the Chirano Gold Mines Limited , Bibiani-Ghana

The perceived risk of air-borne disorders posed to communities in the concessional area of Chirano Gold Mines Limited due to mining operations was investigated. Eighty-nine (89) consented-inhabitants from two communities; Paboase (46 participants) and Akoti (43 participants) of the three, who were 18 to 45 years and had lived in the communities for at least 5 years, were recruited. Some anthropometrics variables; age, height and weight were determined. With vitalograph, Lung Function Tests was performed to determine Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume per second (FEV1), Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1%), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF25-75). Spirometry was done at ambient temperatures between 23 o C and 27 o C, depending on the time of the day. Questionnaire was administered to participants for information on their medical history, activity levels and general household characteristics. Although Akoti, with relatively higher degree of exposure, recorded higher concentrations of PM10 and TSP than Paboase, the difference in lung function was not significant at 5%. Participants’ weight, height and age exerted significantly different effect (p < 0.000) on lung functions. Measured lung functions were lower than the predicted and significantly different (p < 0.000), suggesting the existence of hazardous air-borne disorders in the study area.
Expression of ALDH 1 in atypical ductal hyperplasia , carcinoma , usual ductal hyperplasia and normal breast duct

Background: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), which is an enzyme functioning in many metabolism process, has been suggested as a breast cancer (BC) stem cell marker. However, its potentiality as a prognostic predictor for BC is yet to be characterized. We compared ALDH1 expression in normal ducts, usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) to assess its prognostic value in breast cancer. Methods: We determined the expression of ALDH1 in 22 cases with normal duct, 20 UDH, 50 ADH and 160 IDC by immunohistochemical staining and assessed its correlation with patient outcome. Result: Of all specimens, the positive rates for cytoplasmic staining of ALDH1 in UDH, ADH, IDC were 80%, 64% and 35% respectively, whereas for stroma staining, the positive rates were 70%, 52% and 40% respectively of UDH, ADH and IDC. We also found that expression of ALDH1 in IDC luminal epithelial cytoplasm correlated with relapse-free and overall survival in BC patients (P < 0.05), while ALDH1 expression in stroma showed no correlation with patient outcome. Chi-square test indicated that cytoplasmic and stromal ALDH1 expression differed among IDC, ADH and UDH (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Expression of ALDH1 might participate in evolution of ADH to breast cancer, and ALDH1 expression might predict breast cancer outcome.
MECHANICS OF BEDLOAD RATING CURVE SHIFTS AND BEDLOAD HYSTERESIS IN THE TRINITY RIVER

Spatial and temporal variability in the entrainment thresholds for various bed surface particle size classes were examined using numerous bedload sediment samples obtained in the Trinity River of Northern California. These data incorporate spatial variability in that bedload samples were obtained at 4 sampling locations spanning 26 kilometers of stream length, and temporal variability in the form of inter-annual shifts in bedload rating curves and clockwise hysteresis over individual flood hydrographs. Analysis of bedload samples collected on the rising and falling limbs of the 2008 peak flow event suggests that reference shear stresses for the mean surface particle sizes (rm) remain relatively constant over time at individual sampling locations. Reference shear stresses for particle size classes similar to the mean surface particle sizes at individual sampling locations remained nearly constant over the course of the flood even where bedload hysteresis was pronounced. Conversely, hiding and exposure effects among different bed surface particles sizes appear to change systematically over the course of the flow release. Reference shear stresses for particle size class i (ri) are typically smaller than rm when fraction i is finer than the mean bed surface particle size on both the rising and falling limbs of the hydrograph. However, values of ri determined for the finer particle fractions on the falling limb of the flood are larger than values determined for the rising limb, with the falling-limb values converging toward rm. This convergence implies that conditions of equal mobility were more closely approximated on the falling limb of the flood than on the rising limb. Because an increase in ri for the finer half of the particle distribution implies smaller transport rates for those size classes, the convergence toward equal mobility partially explains the clockwise hysteresis observed in the Trinity bedload samples. Changes in particle entrainment thresholds are also evident in fractional bedload rating curves developed for the rising and falling hydrograph limbs, which frequently indicate that the critical discharge for initiation of transport (Qc) are greater on the falling limb of the flood than on the rising limb. Temporal changes in the abundance of particles available for transport in the finer particle size classes also contribute to bedload hysteresis, particularly for the finer particle size fractions. Values of ri for size fractions similar to or coarser than the mean bed surface particle size exhibit relatively little temporal variability, and the corresponding rating curves showed relatively little change in Qc over the course of the flood event. The mechanisms responsible for hysteresis in the transport rates of these coarser size fractions remain unclear.
MOST PORBABLE PRODUCING ABILITY ( MPPA ) OF DAIlY MILK PRODUCTION FOR LOCAL COWS

493 MOST PORBABLE PRODUCING ABILITY (MPPA) OF DAIlY MILK PRODUCTION FOR LOCAL COWS S.O. Raoof Assist. Prof Dept. Animal Resources Coll. Agric. Univ. Salahaddin -Erbil-Iraq Email:salmomarraoof@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This research was carried out on 51 local raised in three local cow herds in Erbil plain, for the period from 2016 to 2017. To estimate the most probable producing ability (MPPA) of cows and to study the effect of non-genetic factors affecting on daily milk production (DMP) and to estimate the repeatability for (DMP). The most probable producing ability (MPPA) of local cows was calculated by using the test day records and then the animals were ranked based on their MPPA values. Cow number 1237 inquired the highest value of MPPA (16.91 kg) for DMP among all tested cows in the three flocks. The overall mean for the (DMP) was 11.85 kg. The results of current study revealed that the effect of flock, parity, season of calving, services per conception and dry period length (days) had a significant effect (p<0.05) on (DMP). Repeatability estimates was (0.40). Knowledge of the (MPPA) values of cows helps in the conduct of selection programs through the application of the method of culling and replacement of cows.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF WRITING SKILLS OF DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING CHILDREN

The aim of this study was to explore how 7-14 aged children and adolescents with severe and profound hearing impairment with or without cochlear implants (CI) produce picture-elicited written sentences and narratives. The type and amount of participants’ errors at both macro and micro levels (spelling, morpho-syntax, semantics and overall organization) of their written products were analysed in order to evaluate these children’s different linguistic skills involved in the writing process. Twelve first, second, forth and fifth graders (ages 7 to 14) attending both the special primary school for the Deaf / Hard of Hearing children and general schools in the city of Patras took part in the study. Children were presented with 5 pictures. First and second graders were asked to describe the content of these pictures by writing a sentence for each of them whereas fourth and fifth graders were asked to produce written narrations based on these pictures. Error analysis indicated important difficulties of participants with internalizing regularities of the Greek orthographic lexicon: a great number of errors, of all categories were found: phonological (graphophonemic mappings), grammatical (inflectional suffixes), orthographic (word stems), stress assignment (diacritic), and punctuation. Numerous morpho-syntactic errors concerning the use of function words and subject-verb agreement were also observed. The number of semantic errors was relatively small (e.g. inappropriate use of nouns and verbs in the sentence). Important findings regarding text organization of children’s narrations emerged although children made a small or inappropriate use of cohesive devices, they performed better at the level of text coherence. The findings of the present study confirmed previous findings showing that written expression difficulties are one of the most pervasive ones for hearing-impaired children. It is, therefore, essential and urgent to teach these children to read and write competently, enabling them to achieve today’s high standards of literacy.
Effect of Personality Trait on Ethical Leadership in Selected Basic Schools in Ghana

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of the big five personality traits on ethical leadership using selected public basic schools within the Ayawaso district in Ghana. A total of 180 respondents consisting of leaders and subordinates were conveniently selected for the study. The leaders responded to a questionnaire concerning their personality traits whiles subordinates rated the ethical behavior of their leaders. Data collected was analyzed mainly using hierarchical regression analysis and independent sample t-test. Results indicated that, personality traits such as conscientiousness and extraversion had a positive effect on ethical leadership behavior after controlling for all other variables. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that leader conscientiousness accounts for the most variance in ethical leadership behavior. Also, there was no significant difference in ethical leadership behavior due to gender of leaders. A summary of the overall findings of the study are discussed as well as future directions for further study.
QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE MAIN FLOW FEATURES OVER A TGV

In this paper, we present the results of a preliminary investigation of the flow features encountered over a TGV. As a matter of fact, it is the first step in a more detailed analysis which is necessary in the perspective of future flow control experiments. The experimental investigation has been carried out in a low-speed hydrodynamic channel with a small-scale model. The consequence is that the Reynolds number based on the length L of the model is relatively low (ReL = 1.26 10) compared to the full-scale aerodynamic Reynolds number (ReL = 10) so that the results can only be used as qualitative tools to illustrate the main features encountered in the flow over a TGV. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) visualizations were carried out in most of the critical regions over a TGV: the front nose, the pantograph cavity, the spacings between the coaches and the rear part of the model. Clearly some common features can be found with the flow over a road vehicle. For instance, both LIF and PIV show the strong vortex shedding, the large recirculation bubble and the large counter-rotating vortices created over the rear part of the model, very similar to a Ahmed body with a 25◦ rear slant. The flow over the flat panels of the coaches constituting the TVG is also more complex than expected because of the perturbations induced by the pantograph cavities and the deep cavity between the coaches. Finally, a synthesis is proposed pointing out the most critical areas in a perspective of flow control for drag reduction.
ST ] 3 0 N ov 2 00 6 Sparsity and Incoherence in Compressive Sampling

We consider the problem of reconstructing a sparse signal x ∈ R from a limited number of linear measurements. Given m randomly selected samples of Ux, where U is an orthonormal matrix, we show that l1 minimization recovers x 0 exactly when the number of measurements exceeds m ≥ Const · μ(U) · S · logn, where S is the number of nonzero components in x, and μ is the largest entry in U properly normalized: μ(U) = √ n ·maxk,j |Uk,j |. The smaller μ, the fewer samples needed. The result holds for “most” sparse signals x supported on a fixed (but arbitrary) set T . Given T , if the sign of x for each nonzero entry on T and the observed values of Ux are drawn at random, the signal is recovered with overwhelming probability. Moreover, there is a sense in which this is nearly optimal since any method succeeding with the same probability would require just about this many samples. Acknowledgments. E. C. is partially supported by National Science Foundation grants ITR ACI-0204932 and CCF515362, by the 2006 Waterman Award (NSF), and by a grant from DARPA. J. R. is supported by National Science Foundation grants CCF515362 and ITR ACI-0204932. E. C. would like to thank Joel Tropp and Houman Owhadi for fruitful conversations related to this project.
Chinese-translated behavioral regulation in exercise questionnaire-2: Evidence from university students in the Mainland and Hong Kong of China

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese-translated Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (C-BREQ-2) among Chinese university students from the Mainland and Hong Kong of China. Methods: University students from Mainland China (n = 191) and Hong Kong (n = 194) of China participated in this study. Factorial validity, discriminant validity, nomological validity, internal reliability, and measurement invariance across sample of the C-BREQ-2 were examined. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the factorial validity of the 18-item, 5-factor structure C-BREQ-2. Examination of the 95% confidence interval of the inter-factor correlations suggested that the C-BREQ-2 assesses related but distinct constructs, which provided support for its discriminant validity. The internal consistency reliability of the C-BREQ-2 was found acceptable. Examination of the pattern of inter-factor correlations between different regulations suggested that a simplex-like pattern was displayed, which provided evidence for the nomological validity of C-BREQ-2. The results from multi-group confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the factor loadings and factor variances/covariances of the C-BREQ-2 measurement model were invariant across the Chinese University students in Mainland China and Hong Kong. Conclusion: The current study provided further psychometric evidence for the C-BREQ-2, which makes the further application and research of self-determination theory (SDT) based motivation in relation to exercise and physical activity in the Mainland Chinese context possible.
The Knowledge and Attitude of Nurses in the Implementation of Atraumatic Care in Hospitalized Children in Indonesia

Hospitalization can become a crisis that a child encounter, not just from their injury but from the experience. In providing nursing care to pediatric patients, nurses need to concentrate on family-centered care and atraumatic care. However, there is no information how nurses in Indonesia implementing atraumatic care to the hospitalized children. This study aim was to identify the knowledge and attitude of nurses in the application of atraumatic care. This is a quantitative descriptive study, involving all 72 nurses working at the pediatric inpatient ward Dr. Slamet General Hospital Garut Indonesia. The instruments utilized in this research consist of modified questionnaires on nurses’ knowledge and attitude of atraumatic care and its implementation. The data were analyzed by means of frequency distribution and percentages. Results of this study indicated that the knowledge of nurses in the application of atraumatic care on hospitalized children was moderate (50%), and the majority of nurses (89%) displayed supportive attitudes in this respect. It can be concluded that overall, the nurses already have adequate knowledge about atraumatic care, and most of them show favorable attitudes in its performance. However, in order to be optimal in providing care to hospitalized children the hospital must provide atraumatic care training for nurses, and standard operational procedures that can help the nurses to implement atraumatic care and minimize the impact of hospitalized children.
Zariski topology on the spectrum of graded pseudo prime submodules

abstract: In this article, we introduce the concept of graded pseudo prime submodules of graded modules that is a generalization of the graded prime ideals over commutative rings. We study the Zariski topology on the graded spectrum of graded pseudo prime submodules. We investigate different properties of this topological space and connect them to the algebraic properties of the graded modules under consideration.
Hiring Algorithms: An Ethnography of Fairness in Practice

While increasing attention in society is given to the role of AI in affording and threatening ethical values, such as fairness, little is known about how ethical values and AI are played out in organizations. Building on an ethnographic in-depth study of a large multinational company that recently implemented AI to enable a fair recruitment process, we show that AI brings to the fore the role of fairness in decision-making in several ways. We reveal that the development and use of AI does not necessarily improve nor degrade ethical values, but instead shapes what comes to be understood as ethical in the first place. We extend the conversations on AI by showing that it may not be enough to focus on changes in work practices, occupational boundaries, and power relations, but that research should take into account the role of AI in shaping what we consider ethical.
Analysis of regression-discontinuity designs with multiple cutoffs or multiple scores

In this article, we introduce the Stata (and R) package rdmulti, which consists of three commands (rdmc, rdmcplot, rdms) for analyzing regression-discontinuity (RD) designs with multiple cutoffs or multiple scores. The command rdmc applies to noncumulative and cumulative multicutoff RD settings. It calculates pooled and cutoff-specific RD treatment effects and provides robust biascorrected inference procedures. Postestimation and inference is allowed. The command rdmcplot offers RD plots for multicutoff settings. Finally, the command rdms concerns multiscore settings, covering in particular cumulative cutoffs and two running variable contexts. It also calculates pooled and cutoff-specific RD treatment effects, provides robust bias-corrected inference procedures, and allows for postestimation and inference. These commands use the Stata (and R) package rdrobust for plotting, estimation, and inference. Companion R functions with the same syntax and capabilities are provided.
eview rotective effects of short-term dietary restriction in surgical stress nd chemotherapy

Reduced caloric intake including fasting, as well as the dietary composition or the timing of food intake, impact longevity, likely through a modification in the onset or the severity of chronic aging-related diseases such as cancer. As with preand post-operative dietary recommendations, evidence-based nutritional advice from healthcare professionals during and after cancer treatment is often vague or conflicting. We hypothesize that preventive dietary recommendations can help in the context of both chronic cancer treatment efficacy and the avoidance of development of secondary malignancies, as well as in the coneywords: