Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships Between Pre-anal fin Length and Total Length of Roughhead Grenadier (Macrourus berglaxlacepede) in the Northwest Atlantic

Tail breakage and regeneration in grenadiers has hindered accurate measurement of their total lengths. In 1980, the Scientific Council of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) adopted anal fin length (from the tip of the snout to the base of the first anal fin ray) as the standardized length measurement for both roundnose and roughhead grenadier. Linear relationShips between total length and anal fin length (more properly called pre-anal fin length) are available for roundnose grenadier, but similar relationships for roughhead grenadier in the Northwest Atlantic have not been derived previously. Analysis of data collected in NAFO Div. 2J and 3K in 1978 and 1979 indicate that total length (TL) and pre-anal fin length (AFL) are highly correlated for roughhead grenadier. Unlike in roundnose grenadier, no significant differences were found between the relationships for males and females. The combined relationship is TL = 5.2320 + 2.3455 * AFL.
Role of wave reverberations in exit vibrations of projectiles and shells

Carlucci et al. (2013) proposed a theoretical model describing exit vibrations of a shell launched by a gun. The model treats the shell as a system of a spring, damper and a rigid mass. In this paper, similar models describing vibrations of shells and monolithic projectiles are compared with some 1D models taking into account wave reverberations. The comparison proves that the models taking into account the wave motion, forecast similar amplitudes and frequencies of vibrations as discrete models. However, details of acceleration time courses differ considerably. The problem of the influence of the friction force between the shell wall and the filling is also discussed. The results of modelling serve as well for assessing if some projectile velocity oscillations detected by making use of the Doppler radar can be solely attributed to the exit vibrations.
Board of Directors’ Characteristics and Financial Restatement

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of board characteristics on financial restatement. The characteristics of board of directors are board size, board independence, director’s tenure, gender diversity, board competence, board ethnicity, foreign board, duality role, multiple directorship, directors having political connections, board age and founder on board. The sample comprise of 76 restatement firms and 152 non-restatement firms that are listed on the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia for the period between 2006 and 2013. This study used univariate and multivariate statistical techniques to test research hypotheses. The findings show that size of board, cross directorships, political linkages and founder on board are significantly associated with the financial restatement incidents. These findings may provide some general implication for future research that some form of board characteristics can influence the direction and magnitude of financial restatement. Furthermore, this study focuses on the Agency Theory and the Resource Dependence Theory in attempt to explain the relationship between board characteristics and financial restatement.
Nitrogen and Silicon Application Facts on Rice Growth Parameters at Alborz Mountain Range

Rice is the main staple food of around half of the world’s population. This experiment was carried out in split plot in basis of randomized complete block design with three replications at the north of Iran in 2012. Main plot was nitrogen rates including (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) applied as urea and sub plot was silicon rates (0, 300 and 600 kg/ha) applied as calcium silicate. Results showed that minimum number of panicle per m2, number of blank spikelet per panicle, grain yield and harvest index were obtained in control treatment. The maximum number of panicle per m2, number of spikelet per panicle, grain yield and harvest index were observed at N150. Number of blank spikelet was significantly decreased at Si600 compare to control treatment. Number of total and fertile tillers per hill, number of total spikelet per panicle and filled spikelet percentage were increased. Therefore, grain yield and agronomical parameters had shown increase in N150 and Si600.
Forecasting Commodity Currencies: The Role of Fundamentals with Short-Lived Predictive Content

Recent evidence highlights that commodity price changes exhibit a short-lived, yet robust contemporaneous effect on commodity currencies, which is mainly detectable in daily-frequency data. We use MIDAS models in a Bayesian setting to include mixed-frequency dynamics while accounting for time-variation in predictive ability. Using the random walk Metropolis-Hastings technique as a new tool to estimate our class of MIDAS regressions, we find that for most of the commodity currencies in our sample exploiting this short-lived relationship yields to statistically more precise out-of-sample exchange rate point and density forecasts relative to the no-change benchmark. Further, the usual low-frequency predictors, such as money supplies and interest rates differentials, typically receive little support from the data at monthly forecasting horizons. In contrast, models featuring daily commodity prices are highly likely.
Exchange-market pressure and currency crises in Latin America: Empirical tests of their macroeconomic determinants

During the financial crisis of 2008, the currencies of Latin America faced pressure to devalue— which evoked memories of the “contagious” crises of the 1990s. Yet even between crises, domestic macroeconomic factors can have an impact on a country's exchange market. This study creates quarterly time series of exchange-market pressure for five Latin American countries, not only for two periods of crisis, but for the entire past decade. These series are then used in two separate analyses. The first addresses the macroeconomic determinants of this pressure, finding that current account deficits place the most pressure on a country's currency and that economic growth tends to reduce this pressure. The second study assesses the probability of a crisis, and finds that oil price drops (a global factor) might precipitate a currency crisis.
On a constrained reaction-diffusion system related to multiphase problems

We solve and characterize the Lagrange multipliers of a reaction- -diusion system in the Gibbs simplex of R N+1 by considering strong solutions of a system of parabolic variational inequalities in R N. Exploring properties of the two obstacles evolution problem, we obtain and approximate a N-system in- volving the characteristic functions of the saturated and/or degenerated phases in the nonlinear reaction terms. We also show continuous dependence results and we establish sucient conditions of non-degeneracy for the stability of those phase subregions. Dedicated to MASAYASU MIMURA on the occasion of its 65th birthday
MIPAS observations of volcanic sulfate aerosol and sulfur dioxide in the stratosphere

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions can increase the stratospheric sulfur loading by orders of magnitude above the background level and are the most important source of variability in stratospheric sulfur. We present a set of vertical profiles of sulfate aerosol volume densities and derived liquid-phase H 2 SO 4 (sulfuric acid) mole fractions for 2005–2012, retrieved from infrared limb emission measurements performed with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on board of the Environmental Satellite (Envisat). Relative to balloon-borne in situ measurements of aerosol at Laramie, Wyoming, the MIPAS aerosol data have a positive bias that has been corrected, based on the observed differences to the in situ data. We investigate the production of stratospheric sulfate aerosol from volcanically emitted SO 2 for two case studies: the eruptions of Kasatochi in 2008 and Sarychev in 2009, which both occurred in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes during boreal summer. With the help of chemical transport model (CTM) simulations for the two volcanic eruptions we show that the MIPAS sulfate aerosol and SO 2 data are qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with each other. Further, we demonstrate that the lifetime of SO 2 is explained well by its oxidation by hydroxyl radicals (OH). While the sedimentation of sulfate aerosol plays a role, we find that the long-term decay of stratospheric sulfur after these volcanic eruptions in midlatitudes is mainly controlled by transport via the Brewer–Dobson circulation. Sulfur emitted by the two midlatitude volcanoes resides mostly north of 30 ∘ N at altitudes of ∼ 10–16 km, while at higher altitudes ( ∼ 18–22 km) part of the volcanic sulfur is transported towards the Equator where it is lifted into the stratospheric “overworld” and can further be transported into both hemispheres.
Humane Orientation and Corruption in Bank Lending

Siwapong Dheera-aumpon, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand, E-mail: fecospd@ku.ac. th E-mail: siwapongt@gmail.com ABSTRACT. Corruption in bank lending can seriously adversely affect credit allocation. Besides banking factors, national culture can also affect the corruption of bank officials. Prior studies have shown that collectivism increases bank corruption. This paper aims to assess the effects of cultural dimensions, besides collectivism, on the corruption of bank officials. Instead of using Hofstede's cultural data, this paper uses the data from the GLOBE project which is more recent and reports more cultural dimensions than Hofstede’s. Using the data covering more than 3000 firms in 32 countries, this paper finds that humane orientation increases the corruption of bank officials. The effect of humane orientation on the corruption of bank officials is not only statistically significant but also economically relevant. The magnitude of its effect is relatively comparable to that of collectivism. Received: April, 2017 1st Revision: September, 2017 Accepted: November, 2017
Mathematica Bohemica

We prove that a pure state on a C∗-algebra or a JB algebra is a unique extension of some pure state on a singly generated subalgebra if and only if its left kernel has a countable approximative unit. In particular, any pure state on a separable JB algebra is uniquely determined by some singly generated subalgebra. By contrast, only normal pure states on JBW algebras are determined by singly generated subalgebras, which provides a new characterization of normal pure states. As an application we contribute to the extension problem and strengthen the hitherto known results on independence of operator algebras arising in the quantum field theory.
Maximum energy dissipation to explain velocity fields in shallow reservoirs

ABSTRACT Shallow reservoirs are often used as sediment traps or storage basins, in which sedimentation depends on the flow pattern. Short rectangular reservoirs reveal a straight jet from inlet to outlet with identical recirculation zones on both sides. In longer reservoirs, the main jet reattaches to the side of the reservoir leading to small and large recirculation zones. Previous studies have found an empirical geometric relation describing the switch between these two flow patterns. In this study, we demonstrate, with a simple analytical model, that this switch coincides with a maximization of energy dissipation in the shear layer between the main jet and recirculation zones: short reservoirs dissipate more energy when the flow pattern is symmetric, while longer reservoirs dissipate more energy with an asymmetric pattern. This approach enables the prediction of the flow patterns without detailed knowledge of small scale processes, potentially useful in the early phase of reservoir design.
MINERAL PROFILE EVOLUTION OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS

Individual minerals and antibacterial activity were investigated in 5 medicinal plants (pot marigold - Calendula officinalis , burdock - Arctium lappa , celandine - Chelidonium majus , basil- Ocimum basilicum , thyme - Thymus vulgaris ) using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique and antibiogram Â method. The antibacterial susceptibility has been evaluated over 12 strains isolated from milk microflora, belonging to Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Serratia and Bacillus genera . The obtained results show the best antibacterial effect with Â Arctium lappa ethanol extracts, having inhibition areas of 6.3 to 17.5 mm, with an average of 9.0 mm and the highest determined mineral being Calcium. The results obtained open the prospect of using these medicinal plants as an alternative to be used for the control and cure of some mineral deficiencies or for preventing various diseases of the animals.
Diversity and Structure of Chironomidae (Diptera) Limnofauna of Lake Uluabat, a Ramsar Site of Turkey, and their Relation to Environmental Variables

Density and species composition of chironomidae larvae fauna from twelve sampling sites of Lake Uluabat (a protected wetland area) were investigated. Monthly sampling was done from August 2004 to July 2005. In addition, simultaneously, physical and chemical parameters of water were measured. 1,812 chironomid larvae were examined and a total of twelve taxa were identified. Chironomid larvae were the third dominant group consisting on average 12.3% of the total zoobenthos density. Chironomus (Camptochironomus) tentans Fabricius 1805 was the most abundant chironomid species contributing with about 66.2% of the total chironomid limnofauna. Dominant species from the lake Uluabat were the following: Tanypus punctipennis Meigen, 1818 (12 sites, 12%), Procladius choreus (Meigen, 1804) (11 sites, 10.2%), Cryptochironomus defectus (Kieffer, 1913) (10 sites, 4%), Dicrotendipes tritomus (Kieffer, 1916) (8 sites, 1.6%) and Microchironomus sp. (7 sites, 1.8%). Except Dicrotendipes nervosus (Staeger 1839) all other species occurred at <4 sites (between 0.04-0.6%). The relationships between the dynamics of the Chironomidae larvae and the limnological variables were supported by the Pearson correlation index According to Pearson correlation between the average number of Ch. (Campt.) tentans, Cryptochironomus defectus and temperature, BOD was directly proportional (P<0.05) while Paratanytarsus lauterborni, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) flavocinctus, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) tremulus was inversely proportional (P<0.05).
Social Cognitive Career Theory, Academic Choice Behavior, and Academic Performance in African American College Students

The current study examined the impact that components of Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) have on choice behavior and academic performance in African American or Black, undergraduate students. SCCT is a highly valued and researched theory, but few studies examine the impact that SCCT components have on choice behavior and academic performance in Black college students. This study focused on evaluating SCCT components’ relevance to variables that have been shown to predict later objective career success. This is important because African Americans tend to have significantly lower paying and less prestigious jobs, as well as attain lower levels of education than most other racial populations in the United States. However, there is a paucity of current career development and attainment literature specific to the African American undergraduate population. In an effort to promote understanding of within group differences in SCCT variables that can contribute to educational and career success, 247 African American undergraduates were recruited to participate in this study. The participants completed online questionnaires regarding demographic information, self-efficacy, contextual barriers, contextual supports, choice goals, and choice behavior. Participants also gave permission for researchers to access grades. Findings indicate that academic coping self-efficacy, contextual barriers, and contextual supports may be particularly important to academic choice behavior in African American college students. Further, choice behavior appears to be important to grade point average. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research associated with this study’s findings are discussed.
An Empirical Investigation on Relationship between Risk, Capital and Efficiency in Banking Sector of Pakistan

In this study, data set of annual figures of 35 Pakistani banks is used over the period 2005-2014 with total 350 observations. Data set composed of four public sector banks fully owned by the state. Twenty three privately owned commercial banks incorporated in Pakistan, six commercial banks incorporated outside the country and four specialized banks. Information for all years of some banks was not available, for this study used an unbalanced panel to make the sample taken reasonable for the investigation. Information regarding banks is taken from Financial Statement Analysis presented by state bank of Pakistan for the period 2005-2009 and 2010-2014. The empirical findings proposed positive association between Z-score and capital level of Pakistani banks. Moreover, other risk indicators provided evidence of significant negative association. The link between risk levels (Loan Loss Provisions to total loans) and “technical efficiencies” found significantly positive. In case of banking factors, large Pakistani banks on the basis of total assets are technically more efficient, on the other hand technical and pure technical efficiencies declines in case of higher liquidity, moreover, liquidity influences level of capitalization positively. Keywords: Risk, Efficiency, Capital, Three stage Least squares, Pakistani banking sector
Endogeneity in Empirical Corporate Finance

This chapter discusses how applied researchers in corporate finance can address endogeneity concerns. We begin by reviewing the sources of endogeneity - omitted variables, simultaneity, and measurement error - and their implications for inference. We then discuss in detail a number of econometric techniques aimed at addressing endogeneity problems including: instrumental variables, difference-in-differences estimators, regression discontinuity design, matching methods, panel data methods, and higher order moments estimators. The unifying themes of our discussion are the emphasis on intuition and the applications to corporate finance.
Steep extinction towards GRB 140506A reconciled from host galaxy observations: Evidence that steep reddening laws are local

KEH and PJ acknowledge support by a Project Grant (162948–051) from The Icelandic Research Fund. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. EGGS–278202. TK acknowledges support through the Sofja Kovalevskaja Award to P. Schady from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany. LC is supported by YDUN grant DFF – 4090–00079. D.X. acknowledges the support by the One-Hundred-Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), by the Strategic Priority Research Program “Multi-wavelength Gravitational Wave Universe” of the CAS (No. XDB23000000), and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 11533003.
DTDA: An R Package to Analyze Randomly Truncated Data

In this paper, the R package DTDA for analyzing truncated data is described. This package contains tools for performing three different but related algorithms to compute the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of the survival function in the presence of random truncation. More precisely, the package implements the algorithms proposed by Efron and Petrosian (1999) and Shen (2008), for analyzing randomly one-sided and two-sided (i.e., doubly) truncated data. These algorithms and some recent extensions are briefly reviewed. Two real data sets are used to show how DTDA package works in practice.
The Effect Of Non Performing Loans On Profitability Of Commercial Banks In Kenya

Kenya commercial Banks have remained with persistent challenge of managing non performing loans that are considered to have effects on its profitability. The government together with the banking sector has established various ways of reducing non performing loans. Measures introduced include licensing of Credit reference Bureaus. This study seeks to find out the effects of nonperforming loans on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. The study used commercial banks registered and operational in Kenya as at CBK (2013). Profitability measured by return on assets is used as dependent variable and non performing loans measured by non performing loans ratio is used as independent variable. To improve the accuracy and reliability of the tests Capital adequacy, Operational efficiency and Liquidity are used as control variables. The control variables used are part of CAMEL factors that also affect profitability of commercial banks. At the end of the study the effect of nonperforming loans measured by non performing loans over total loans on profitability measured by return on assets (ROA) was determined. The effects of control variables on the relationship between non performing loans and return on assets were also determined in the study. The research covered all commercial banks in Kenya for the last ten years that is 2004-2013. The study used secondary data to analyze and draw conclusions and recommendations. Multi-linear regression model similar to one used by Kaaya and Pastory (2013) to analyze the effect of credit risk on banks’ performance in Tanzania by controlling the effect of deposits and bank size was used. The study indicates that there is negative effect of nonperforming loans ratio on return on assets, confirming that non performing loans negatively affects profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. The study is in agreement with Kaaya and Pastory (2013) in the fact that other factors other than non performing loans affect profitability of commercial Banks. Managers of Commercial banks in Kenya have to work hard to enhance profitability of commercial banks and reduce occurrences of nonperforming loans. This includes taking measures to mitigate against moral hazard and adverse selections in advancing loans, example, use of credit reference bureaus. Central bank of Kenya should enhance supervision of commercial banks and consider analysis of relationship between ratios of nonperforming loans and profitability to enhance understandability and avoid concentrating on quantum figures alone. Central bank and shareholders should also take action to caution against possible use of provisions for losses on non performing loans for smoothing earnings by the managers. This paper therefore provides an insight to commercial banks, central bank and other stake holders on the effect of nonperforming loans on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya and provides a basis for further research.
Redetermination of high-temperature heat capacity of Mg2SiO4 ringwoodite: Measurement and lattice vibrational model calculation

Abstract Isobaric heat capacities (CP) of Mg2SiO4 forsterite and ringwoodite were measured by differential scanning calorimetry in the temperature range of 306-833 K. The measured CP of Mg2SiO4 forsterite was consistent with those reported by previous studies. On the other hand, the present CP of Mg2SiO4 ringwoodite was about 3-5% larger than those measured by previous researchers. The calorimetric data of Mg2SiO4 ringwoodite were extrapolated to 2500 K using a lattice vibrational model calculation, which well reproduced the low-temperature CP data measured by thermal relaxation method. The calculated CP shows good agreement with the present calorimetric data. The obtained CP was expressed by the polynomial of temperature: CP = 164.30 + 1.0216 × 10−2T + 7.6665 × 103T−1 - 1.1595 × 107T−2 + 1.3807 × 109T−3 [J/(mol·K)] in the range of 250-2500 K.