Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Parenting Style and Academic Achievement among Iranian Adolescents in Sirjan

The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles and academic achievement among adolescents in Iran. The respondents were 382 high school adolescents (251 female and 131 male) in the age range of 15 to 18 years old from selected high schools in Iran. The instrument used to measure parenting style was the parenting style scale by Baumrind (1991). The result of the study indicated that authoritative parenting style has positive significant correlation with academic achievement, while permissive parenting style has negative correlation with academic achievement. The result of the study also showed that there is no significant relationship between authoritarian parenting style and academic achievement. The results of the present study implied that academic achievement among adolescents can be enhanced through positive parenting style. Thus, it is recommended that parents be equipped with knowledge and skills appropriate to the needs and development of their adolescents children.
Risperidone versus pimozide in Tourette's disorder: a comparative double-blind parallel-group study.

BACKGROUND The treatment of Tourette's disorder with classical neuroleptics is limited by their side effects. Risperidone is a new efficacious antipsychotic with a low propensity for extrapyramidal side effects. To establish risperidone's therapeutic potential in Tourette's disorder, we studied the safety and efficacy of risperidone in comparison with pimozide in patients with Tourette's disorder diagnosed according to DSM-III-R. METHOD In a 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group study, 26 patients were treated with risperidone (mean daily dose = 3.8 mg), and 24 patients were treated with pimozide (mean daily dose = 2.9 mg). RESULTS There was significant improvement of tics with respect to the Tourette's Symptom Severity Scale (TSSS) for both groups. Forty-one patients completed the study. At endpoint, 54% (14/26) of the risperidone patients and 38% (9/24) of the pimozide patients had only very mild or no symptoms on the global severity rating of the TSSS. Both treatment groups had improved significantly at endpoint in regard to Global Assessment of Functioning and Clinical Global Impressions scale outcomes. Symptoms of anxiety and depressive mood improved significantly from baseline in both groups. Obsessive-compulsive behavior improvement reached significance only in the risperidone group. Although the severity of extrapyramidal side effects was low in both groups, fewer patients in the risperidone group reported extrapyramidal side effects (N = 4) compared with the pimozide group (N = 8). Depression, fatigue, and somnolence were reported as the most prominent side effects in both treatment groups. CONCLUSION Both drugs were efficacious and well tolerated in patients with Tourette's disorder. Risperidone may become the first-line drug in the treatment of Tourette's disorder owing to a more favorable efficacy and tolerability profile.
Avaliação do desempenho relativo de bancos de dados NoSQL para arquivos de genótipos.

A bioinformatica e a genomica trabalham com bases de dados fora do padrao tradicional ou classico que, por sua vez, caracterizam-se pela organizacao tabular e pelo tratamento destas em SGBDRs. Arquivos de genotipos sao exemplos de bases de dados nao classicas e sao caracterizados por serem gerados como arquivos textos, com dados desbalanceados, com alta dimensionalidade e por ocuparem muito espaco, entre outros aspectos. Os SGBDRs nao tem se mostrado uma boa solucao para o tratamento de tais bases e, portanto, o presente trabalho busca avaliar o desempenho relativo entre bancos de dados NoSQL que representam duas familias de diferentes modelo de dados, a partir de cenarios de teste para a manipulacao de arquivos de genotipo.
Immunohistochemical detection of the receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator in human colon cancer

Paraffin‐wax embedded specimens from 30 cases of colonic adenocarcinoma were investigated for immunoreactivity for the receptor of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPAR). In all cases there was a strong signal, predominantly at the invasive foci. The positive cells were mainly tumour‐infiltrating macrophages but neutrophils and eosinophils were also strongly stained. The neoplastic cells were positive in 19 of the samples with staining of occasional or a moderate number of cells. In uninvolved, normal‐appearing mucosa adjacent to the malignant infiltrates, immunostaining of both macrophages and neutrophils was seen, but the labelling was less intense than that seen in the malignant lesions. Weak to moderate staining of normal intestinal epithelium was also seen at the luminal surface. Comparison between immunoreactivity and in situ hybridization showed a similar distribution of protein and mRNA with two exceptions: first, neutrophils (strongly immunoreactive for uPAR) were negative or only weakly positive for uPAR mRNA; and second, many cancer cells at invasive foci showed prominent hybridization signals but no detectable uPAR immunoreactivity. Together with previous findings of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) protein and mRNA being expressed in tumour‐infiltrating fibroblast‐Iike cells at the invasive foci, these results support the view that the uPA pathway of plasminogen activation is involved in tissue degradation in colon cancer. The results also extend and consolidate an emerging picture of non‐neoplastic tumour stromal cells producing molecules involved in the generation and regulation of extracellular proteolysis in cancer.
Prevalence and determinants of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in a general population-based sample in Mysore district, Karnataka state, southern India

Objectives:To estimate HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence within the general population of Mysore district, and to examine differences in the distribution of risk factors associated with HIV prevalence stratified by sex. Methods:A community-based study was conducted in Mysore, Karnataka state, southern India, between October 2005 and November 2006; final sample size 4653. A face-to-face interview was conducted, and blood and urine specimens collected to measure HIV and STI prevalences. Risk factors for HIV among men and women were examined using weighted and clustered logistic regression. Results:Weighted HIV prevalence was 0.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52–1.09] overall and 0.7% (0.35–1.08) and 0.9% (0.51–1.37) in rural and urban populations, respectively. The prevalence of syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydial infection was 2.8% for men and 1.8% for women. In multivariate analysis, higher HIV prevalence was associated with ever having used a condom [odds ratio (OR) 2.75, 95% CI 1.01–7.47] and number of lifetime partners for men (OR 6.9, 95% CI 2.18–21.91). For women, HIV infection was associated with condom use at last sexual intercourse (OR 10.51, 95% CI 2.05–53.79), number of lifetime partners and reporting ‘don't know’ for whether ever had anal sex (OR 9.10, 95% CI 1.14–72.34). Conclusions:HIV prevalence in the general population of Mysore was found to be comparable to recent prevalence estimates for Karnataka state, and also similar to recent prevalence estimates from antenatal clinic attenders for the district. Few modifiable risk factors for HIV infection were identified. There is evidence from this study that high-risk behaviour may have been underreported, but the prevalence of STI was generally low.
Epidermal growth factor and keratinocyte growth factor differentially regulate epidermal migration, growth, and differentiation

Various growth factors such as epidermal growth factor and keratinocyte growth factor have been reported to promote wound closure and epidermal regeneration. In the present study epidermis reconstructed on de‐epidermized dermis was used to investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor and keratinocyte growth factor on keratinocyte proliferation, migration and differentiation. Our results show that epidermal growth factor supplemented cultures share many of the features which are observed during regeneration of wounded epidermis: a thickening of the entire epidermis, an enhanced rate of proliferation and migration, and an increase in keratin 6, keratin 16, skin‐derived antileukoproteinase, involucrin and transglutaminase 1 expression. The increase in transglutaminase 1 protein is accompanied by an increase in the amount of active transglutaminase 1 enzyme. Surprisingly no increase in keratin 17 is observed. Prolonging the culture period for more than two weeks results in rapid senescence and aging of the cultures. In contrast, keratinocyte growth factor supplemented cultures have a tissue architecture that is similar to healthy native epidermis and remains unchanged for at least 4 weeks of air‐exposure. The rate of proliferation and the expression of keratins 6, 16 and 17, skin‐derived antileukoproteinase, involucrin and transglutaminase 1 is similar to that found in healthy epidermis and furthermore keratinocyte migration does not occur. When the culture medium is supplemented with a combination of keratinocyte growth factor and a low concentration of epidermal growth factor, skin‐derived antileukoproteinase, involucrin and keratins 6, 16 and 17 expression is similar to that found in cultures supplemented with keratinocyte growth factor alone and in healthy epidermis. Only high transglutaminase 1 expression remains similar to that observed in cultures supplemented with epidermal growth factor alone. Our results show that the regulation of keratinocyte growth, migration and differentiation depends on the availability of these growth factors. Epidermal growth factor may play a dominant early role in wound healing by stimulating keratinocyte proliferation and migration while keratinocyte growth factor may play a role later in the repair process by stabilizing epidermal turnover and barrier function.
Effects of sevoflurane versus propofol on QT interval.

BACKGROUND Prolongation of the QT interval is an alteration of the electrocardiogram (ECG) that may result in a potentially dangerous polymorphic ventricular tachycardia known as torsade de pointes. Michaloudis et al. investigated the effect of isoflurane and halothane on the QT interval in premedicated and non premedicated children, and in premedicated adults. Isoflurane significantly prolonged the QTc interval, in contrast to halothane, which shortened the QTc interval. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of sevoflurane on the QT interval in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. METHODS One hundred and eighty patients classified as ASA physical status I-III were enrolled and 102 were excluded. Patients had been scheduled for elective non cardiac surgery. Exclusions criteria were: cardiovascular impairment or chronic obstructive lung disease, medication affecting QT interval, and an abnormal prolongation of the QTc interval (440 ms). The patients were then randomly allocated to one of two groups, one receiving sevoflurane anesthesia and the other receiving propofol anesthesia. In all patients, a 12 lead ECG was recorded before surgery, after intubation, after extubation. The investigators reading the ECG were blinded to the type of induction and anesthesia used. The following variables were recorded or calculated: heart rate, P-R interval, QRS interval, QT interval, QTc interval according to Bazett's formula, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure. RESULTS The sevoflurane significantly prolongs the QT and the QTc interval, whereas the induction and total intravenous anesthesia with propofol significantly shortens the QT but not the QTc interval. CONCLUSIONS The amount the sevoflurane-associated QT prolongation may possibly be of clinical significance in some patients presenting long QT syndrome, hypokalemia, or in presence of other agents or factors that lengthen QT.
AERIAL PLANKTON AND ITS CONDITIONS OF LIFE

1. Among animals which can be transported by air currents three main types have been distinguished: (a) large forms, from a length of roughly one decimetre down to a few millimetres; (b) small forms varying between some millimetres and about 1/10 mm. ; (c) animals of a microsize, smaller than 1/10; mm.
SPORCULARIN ANTRENÖR-SPORCU İLİŞKİSİ İLE SPORTMENLİK YÖNELİMLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Bu çalışmada antrenör-sporcu ilişkisi ile sportmenlik yönelimi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma tekniği olarak nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel ve ilişkisel tarama tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu seçkisiz olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 77’si kadın, 150’si erkek toplamda 227 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa ve Gelişim Üniversitesi’nin Spor Bilimleri Fakültelerinde 2018-2019 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında öğrenim görmekte olan ve aynı zamanda sporcu olan öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılara öncelikle, kişisel bilgilerden oluşan sorular sorulmuştur. Ayrıca iki farklı ölçek uygulanmıştır. Antrenör-Sporcu İlişkisi Ölçeği: Jowett ve Ntoumanis (2004) tarafından geliştirilmiş ve Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği Altıntaş ve arkadaşlarınca (2012) yapılmıştır. 11 ifadeden ve üç alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır, 7’ li likert tiptedir. Sportmenlik Yönelim Ölçeği ise Vallerand ve ark. , (1997) tarafından geliştirilmiş ve Türkçe uyarlaması ile geçerlik-güvenirliği Balçıkanlı (2010) tarafından yapılmıştır. 20 ifadeden ve 4 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır, 5’li likert tiptedir. Bizim çalışmamız için ayrıca yapılan güvenirlik analizinde Cronbach Alpha değerlerinin yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bulgular göstermektedir ki, katılımcıların algıladıkları antrenör-sporcu ilişkisi ile sportmenlik yönelimleri yüksek düzeydedir. Ayrıca iki ölçek ve alt boyutları arasındaki korelasyon düzeyi de pozitif yönde ve orta düzeydedir. Antrenör-sporcu ilişkisini değerlendirirken sporcu öğrenciler en çok yakınlık, daha sonra bağlılık ve sonra da tamamlayıcılık alt boyutlarına yüksek puan vermişlerdir. Sportmenlik yönelimleri incelendiğinde ise görülmektedir ki; en çok sporda sosyal sorumluluklara bağlılık, sosyal normlara uyum, kurallara ve yönetime saygı, en sonuncu olarak da ve rakibe saygı alt boyutuna katılım göstermişlerdir. Demografik değişkenlere göre bazı alt boyutlara katılım oranları farklılaşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, sporcuların algıladıkları antrenör-sporcu ilişkisi ile sportmenlik yönelimleri arasında pozitif yönde ilişki vardır.
Relationship of pulmonary function response to ozone exposure and capsaicin cough sensitivity

Abstract Context: Challenge studies in humans have shown considerable interindividual variability in pulmonary impairment across ozone exposure. Objective: Since previous results suggested effect modulation by neural mechanism, we investigated sensory C-fiber reactivity in relationship to ozone-triggered response pattern. Methods: Cough reflex thresholds reflecting C-fiber sensitivity were evaluated by capsaicin single breath dose–response method. Capsaicin concentrations triggering, respectively, two and five or more coughs (C2, C5) were recorded. Sixteen healthy subjects were randomly exposed in an intermittent exercise protocol to ozone concentrations of 240 and 40 ppb (sham exposure). Ozone responsiveness was defined by a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of more than 5%. Results: Based on a dichotomous classification, subjects with enhanced reactivity to ozone had lower cough thresholds than non-responders (C2, p = 0.035; C5, p = 0.086). Over all, we could demonstrate relationships between capsaicin sensitivity and ozone-triggered changes in FEV1, peak expiratory flow and maximal expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity but not in specific airway resistance. Conclusion: Our results suggest that capsaicin challenge tests might be useful to characterize subjects with enhanced pulmonary function response towards inhalant irritants.
Some Epidemiological Aspects of Hydatidosis of Lungs and Livers of Sheep and Goats in Quetta, Pakistan

To determine prevalence, intensity and fertility ratio of hydatid disease in sheep and goats in the district of Quetta, a survey was conducted in Army Supply Corps abattoir between August 2001 and March 2002. Overall incidence of hydatid disease in livers of sheep and goats was 46.74 and 23.28%, while in lungs these were 17.37 and 13.68%, respectively. Intensity of the metacesode was higher in livers. Fertile cysts being 66.46 and 52.17% in sheep and goat livers, while 95.29 and 58.82% in sheep and goat lungs, respectively. The factors responsible for prevalence, intensity and fertility of hydatid disease are discussed.
XRCC1 coordinates the initial and late stages of DNA abasic site repair through protein–protein interactions

The major human AP endonuclease APE1 (HAP1, APEX, Ref1) initiates the repair of abasic sites generated either spontaneously, from attack of bases by free radicals, or during the course of the repair of damaged bases. APE1 therefore plays a central role in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. We report here that XRCC1, another essential protein involved in the maintenance of genome stability, physically interacts with APE1 and stimulates its enzymatic activities. A truncated form of APE1, lacking the first 35 amino acids, although catalytically proficient, loses the affinity for XRCC1 and is not stimulated by XRCC1. Chinese ovary cell lines mutated in XRCC1 have a diminished capacity to initiate the repair of AP sites. This defect is compensated by the expression of XRCC1. XRCC1, acting as both a scaffold and a modulator of the different activities involved in BER, would provide a physical link between the incision and sealing steps of the AP site repair process. The interaction described extends the coordinating role of XRCC1 to the initial step of the repair of DNA abasic sites.
[Clinical evaluation on the coaxial 1.8 mm microincision cataract surgery].

OBJECTIVE To study and compare the outcomes of coaxial 1.8 mm microincision phacoemulsification with conventional coaxial 3 mm small-incision cataract surgery. METHODS A randomized prospective study was conducted on 89 patients with age-related cataract: coaxial 1.8 mm microincision cataract surgery (MICS group) was performed in 45 cases (45 eyes), and coaxial 3 mm small-incision cataract surgery (SICS group) was performed in 44 cases (44 eyes). Statistical analysis was taken with the data of 40 cases (40 eyes) in the MICS group and 40 cases (40 eyes) in the SICS group. The average ultrasound power (AVE) and effective phacoemulsification time (EPT) were recorded during the operation. Visual acuity, endothelial cell density and cornea thickness were compared at intervals of 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after surgery. In addition, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was analyzed. Statistic analysis was taken by student's t test and chi square test. RESULTS There was no significant difference on AVE and EPT (P > 0.05) between these two groups. One day after the surgery, the MICS group showed better uncorrected visual acuity (0.16 ± 0.14) as compared to the SICS group (0.23 ± 0.12). The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences on best corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density and cornea thickness between these two groups. One week, 1 month and 3 months after the surgery, SIA was (0.62 ± 0.28) D, (0.48 ± 0.28) D, (0.47 ± 0.25) D, (0.40 ± 0.24) D in the MICS group, and (1.27 ± 0.65) D, (1.18 ± 0.59) D, (1.02 ± 0.56) D, (0.79 ± 0.48) D in the SICS group, respectively. The differences between the MIC and SICS groups were statistically significant (P < 0.01). SIA decreased significantly and became stable 1 week after surgery in MICS group, while the similar tendency appeared one month after the surgery in the SICS group. CONCLUSIONS Coaxial 1.8 mm microincision cataract surgery could significantly reduce SIA and obtain more stable astigmatism status. This suggests that the coaxial MICS phacoemulsification surgery could get earlier visual rehabilitation postoperatively.
Counterfactual Thinking and Entrepreneurial Self–Efficacy: The Moderating Role of Self–Esteem and Dispositional Affect

Scholars have suggested that counterfactual thinking may play an important role in entrepreneurship; however, empirical research positioned to inform the nature of this relationship has been equivocal. In this study, we draw on the tenets of social cognition theory as a basis to investigate the relationship between counterfactual thinking and the dispositional attributes of the entrepreneur, hypothesizing concomitant influences upon the entrepreneur's self–efficacy. Based on a survey of 138 entrepreneurs, our findings suggest that the implications of counterfactual thinking for entrepreneurial self–efficacy are moderated by individual differences based in the dispositional attributes of the entrepreneur.
Mechanism of chloride permeation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channel

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) functions as a Cl− channel important in transepithelial salt and water transport. While there is a paucity of direct structural information on CFTR, much has been learned about the molecular determinants of the CFTR Cl− channel pore region and the mechanism of Cl− permeation through the pore from indirect structure–function studies. The first and sixth transmembrane regions of the CFTR protein play major roles in forming the channel pore and determining its functional properties by interacting with permeating Cl− ions. Positively charged amino acid side‐chains are involved in attracting negatively charged Cl− ions into the pore region, where they interact briefly with a number of discrete sites on the pore walls. The pore appears able to accommodate more than one Cl− ion at a time, and Cl− ions bound inside the pore are probably sensitive to one another's presence. Repulsive interactions between Cl− ions bound concurrently within the pore may be important in ensuring rapid movement of Cl− ions through the pore. Chloride ion binding sites also interact with larger anions that can occlude the pore and block Cl− permeation, thus inhibiting CFTR function. Other ions besides Cl− are capable of passing through the pore, and specific amino acid residues that may be important in allowing the channel to discriminate between different anions have been identified. This brief review summarizes these mechanistic insights and tries to incorporate them into a simple cartoon model depicting the interactions between the channel and Cl− ions that are important for ion translocation.