Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Motor Planning with Core Vocabulary: A Behavior Analytic Account

As the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) increases, it is important for practitioners to continue to improve evidence-based practices (EBP) for the treatment of ASD symptoms (i.e., impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors and restricted interests; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). It is estimated that 30-50% of individuals with autism do not acquire functional speech (Wodka, Mathy, & Kalb, 2013). These individuals would make appropriate candidates for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC; Mirenda, 2003). One form of AAC is the speech-generating device (SGD). Over the last ten years, tabletbased technologies including iPad minisR have been emphasized in the SGD research (Lorah, Parnell, Whitby, & Hantula, 2014b). One of the limitations in the tablet-based technology literature is that there are few protocols using EBP for teaching verbal behavior using tabletbased technology as a SGD (Hedges & AFIRM Team, 2017). Practitioners working with SGD users require support in designing the screen layout, selecting the vocabulary, and determining effective teaching procedures for increasing verbal behavior. Therefore, the current study introduced the topic of motor planning with core vocabulary as considerations for use with tablet-based technology as SGDs to the behavior analytic literature. Because motor planning refers to the inner process of determining how to move, behavior analysts may be skeptical of using motor planning in practice. However, this study identified that motor planning is not an intervention but a strategy used in designing the screen layout or icon location. In addition, this study evaluated a basic protocol using motor planning with core vocabulary and a prompting package including within stimulus prompts and constant time delay with response prompts to teach manding using the iPad miniR and Proloquo2Go as a SGD to three preschool aged children with ASD. This study also evaluated the effectiveness of the protocol on increasing vocal utterances throughout the session and decreasing problem behaviors during mand training. Results of the study indicated the protocol was effective in increasing a manding repertoire and that there were no effects on vocal utterances and problem behaviors.
Learning Semantic Text Features for Web Text-Aided Image Classification

The good generalization performance of conventional pattern classifiers often relies on the size of training data labeled by costly human labor. These days, publicly available web resources grow explosively, and this allows us to easily obtain abundant and cheap web data. Yet, web data are usually not as cooperative as human labeled data. In this paper, we explore the use of web text data to aid image classification. Without requiring the previous collection of auxiliary data from the web, we directly retrieve the web text information with the aid of the powerful reverse image search engine. We develop a novel textual modeling method named semantic matching neural network (SMNN) that is capable of learning semantic features from the associated text of web images. The SMNN text features have improved reliability and applicability, compared to the text features obtained from other methods. The SMNN text features and convolutional neural network (CNN) visual features are merged into a shared representation, which learns to capture the correlations between the two modalities. Experimental results on benchmark UIUC-Sports, Scene-15, Caltech-256, and Pascal VOC-2012 data sets show that the visual and text modalities of data from different sources are remarkably complementary and the fusion of them achieves substantial performance improvement.
Optimal Design of Survivable Multi-layer Telecommunication Networks

Telecommunication transport networks consist of a stack of technologically different subnetworks, so-called layers, which are strongly interdependent. For example, one layer may correspond to an Internet (IP) backbone network whose links are realized by lightpath connections in an underlying optical fiber layer. To ensure that the network can fulfill its task of routing all communication requests, the inter-layer dependencies have to be taken into account already in the planning phase of the network. This is particularly important with survivability constraints, where connections in one layer have to be protected against cable cuts or equipment failures in another layer. The traditional sequential planning approach where one layer is optimized after the other cannot properly take care of the inter-layer dependencies; this can only be achieved with an integrated planning of several network layers at the same time. This thesis provides mathematical models and algorithmic techniques for the integrated optimization of two network layers with survivability constraints. We describe a multi-layer network design problem which occurs in various technologies, and model it mathematically using mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulations. The presented models cover many important practical side constraints from different technological contexts. In contrast to previous models from the literature, they can be used to design large two-layer networks with survivability requirements. We discuss modeling alternatives for various aspects of a multi-layer network and compare different routing formulations under multi-layer survivability constraints. We solve our models using a branch-and-cut-and-price approach with various problemspecific enhancements. This includes a presolving technique based on linear programming to reduce the problem size, combinatorial and sub-MIP-based primal heuristics to compute feasible network configurations, cutting planes which take the multi-layer survivability constraints into account to improve the lower bound on the optimal network cost, and column generation to generate flow variables dynamically during the algorithm. We develop techniques to speed up computations in a Benders decomposition approach and compare this approach to the standard formulation with a single MIP. We use the developed techniques to design large survivable two-layer networks by means of linear and integer programming methods. On realistic test instances with up to 67 network nodes and survivability constraints, we investigate the algorithmic impact of our techniques and show how to use them to compute good network configurations with quality guarantees. Most of the smaller test instances with up to 17 nodes can be solved to near-optimality. Moreover, we can compute feasible solutions and dual bounds even for large networks with survivability constraints, which has not been possible before.
Drunken driving and riding with a drunken driver: adolescent types at higher risk

Abstract The leading cause of death of adolescents in developed countries is injury. Alcohol is a major contributor to adolescent injury. Most of the injury deaths in youth are caused by traffic crashes. Driving under the influence (DUI) and riding with a driver who is under the influence (RUI) of alcohol increase the risk of road crash. The focus of this study is how adolescents’ risk of DUI and RUI differ in relation to their experience of parental control and peer pressure to substance use, other risky behaviours and leisure time activities. The analyses are based on data from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs collected from 15- to 16-year-old Finnish adolescents in 2015 (n = 4049, response rate 88.7%). The study shows that problems tend to entangle in some adolescent groups in which DUI and RUI are also more common. Adolescents with higher probability of using various substances, of starting alcohol use at young age, of experiencing weak parental control, and high peer pressure are at higher risk of DUI and RUI. The results indicate that professionals and authorities handling underage DUI and RUI ought to consider adolescents’ situation as a whole.
Storage Of Minimally Processed Cabbage In Different Packaging Systems

Recebido para publicacao em 18/9/2007 Aceito para publicacao em 7/3/2008 (002862) 1 Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria do Cerrado – EMBRAPA Cerrados, BR 020 km 18, Rodovia Brasilia/Fortaleza, CP 08223, CEP 73310-970, Brasilia – DF, Brasil, E-mail: maria.rinaldi@cpac.embrapa. br 2 Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola – FEAGRI, Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas – SP, Brasil 3 Centro de Ensino e Tecnologia de Aracatuba – CETEA, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos – ITAL, Campinas – SP, Brasil 4 Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Hortalicas – CNPH, EMBRAPA, Brasilia – DF, Brasil *A quem a correspondencia deve ser enviada Estabilidade de repolho minimamente processado sob diferentes sistemas de embalagem
The benefits of collaboration: the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association

The Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA) was established in 2007 by arthroplasty register representatives from Sweden, Norway and Denmark with the overall aim to improve the quality of research and thereby enhance the possibility for quality improvement with arthroplasty surgery. Finland joined the NARA collaboration in 2010. NARA minimal hip, knee and shoulder datasets were created with variables that all countries can deliver. They are dynamic datasets, currently with 25 variables for hip arthroplasty, 20 for knee arthroplasty and 20 for shoulder arthroplasty. NARA has published statistical guidelines for the analysis of arthroplasty register data. The association is continuously working on the improvement of statistical methods and the application of new ones. There are 31 published peer-reviewed papers based on the NARA databases and 20 ongoing projects in different phases. Several NARA publications have significantly affected clinical practice. For example, metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty and resurfacing arthroplasty have been abandoned due to increased revision risk based on i.a. NARA reports. Further, the use of uncemented total hip arthroplasty in elderly patients has decreased significantly, especially in Finland, based on the NARA data. The NARA collaboration has been successful because the countries were able to agree on a common dataset and variable definitions. The collaboration was also successful because the group was able to initiate a number of research projects and provide answers to clinically relevant questions. A number of specific goals, set up in 2007, have been achieved and new one has emerged in the process. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4. 180058
Pressure Pulsation and Cavitation Phenomena in a Micro-ORC System

Micro-ORC systems are usually equipped with positive displacement machines such as expanders and pumps. The pumping system has to guarantee the mass flow rate and allows a pressure rise from the condensation to the evaporation pressure values. In addition, the pumping system supplies the organic fluid, characterized by pressure and temperature very close to the saturation. In this work, a CFD approach is developed to analyze from a novel point of view the behavior of the pumping system of a regenerative lab-scale micro-ORC system. In fact, starting from the liquid receiver, the entire flow path, up to the inlet section of the evaporator, has been numerically simulated (including the Coriolis flow meter installed between the receiver and the gear pump). A fluid dynamic analysis has been carried out by means of a transient simulation with a mesh morphing strategy in order to analyze the transient phenomena and the effects of pump operation. The analysis has shown how the accuracy of the mass flow rate measurement could be affected by the pump operation being installed in the same circuit branch. In addition, the results have shown how the cavitation phenomenon affects the pump and the ORC system operation compared to control system actions.
From cute to content : user experience from a cognitive semiotic perspective

Rousi, Rebekah From Cute to Content – User experience from a cognitive semiotic perspective Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2013, 179 p. (Jyväskylä Studies in Computing ISSN 1456-5390; 171) ISBN 978-951-39-5387-4 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-5388-1 (PDF) Diss. User experience has been a popular topic in human-technology interaction design for several decades. Understandings of the concept range from studies involving human-technology interaction, processes, perception and experiences to design methods intended to encourage particular emotional experiences. This dissertation presents ten articles written in response to adopting, devising and developing techniques to systematically analyse user experience from a cognitive experiential perspective. Through undertaking user-interaction studies it was noticed that the key to understanding what people were experiencing rested in how they represented their thoughts. Thus, a cognitive semiotic approach was taken in the selection of methods and analysis of findings to understand the semantic connection between design syntax, context and the mentally represented experience. The methods adopted and developed are based on Personal Construct Psychology (PCP), which stipulates that people make sense of the world through mental constructs. These constructs exist according to mentally allocated categories. Therefore, the methods included in this research – pictures sorts, repertory grid, and the self-developed succinct qualitative analysis technique (SQAT) – are designed to systematically analyse the way users categorise designs and associated attributes according to how they experience them. The semiotic nature of the output that users provide in light of its relationship to interactional elements such as design syntax, context and user characteristics drew attention to the fact that the study of user experience is in fact the study of signs. Semiotics has been used to examine the practical dimension of usability, but its implementation to study experience and thought itself via the utilisation of century-old philosophical principles of the mind and logic is cutting edge in user experience research.
SuperDARN Observations During Geomagnetic Storms, Geomagnetically Active Times, and Enhanced Solar Wind Driving

The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) was built to study ionospheric convection at Earth and has in recent years been expanded to lower latitudes to observe ionospheric flows over a larger latitude range. This enables us to study extreme space weather events, such as geomagnetic storms, which are a global phenomenon, on a large scale (from the pole to magnetic latitudes of 40°). We study the backscatter observations from the SuperDARN radars during all geomagnetic storm phases from the most recent solar cycle and compare them to other active times to understand radar backscatter and ionospheric convection characteristics during extreme conditions and to discern differences specific to geomagnetic storms and other geomagnetically active times. We show that there are clear differences in the number of measurements the radars make, the maximum flow speeds observed, and the locations where they are observed during the initial, main, and recovery phase. We show that these differences are linked to different levels of solar wind driving. We also show that when studying ionospheric convection during geomagnetically active times, it is crucial to consider data at midlatitudes, as we find that during 19% of storm time the equatorward boundary of the convection is located below 50° of magnetic latitude.
Subsoiling and Planting Method on the Initial Growth of ‘Pera’ Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative vigor and root architecture of ‘Pera CNPMF D-6’ sweet orange grafted on Rangpur lime at early stage of development, submitted to different planting methods (planting of nursery trees produced in a protected environment-PNT and planting of seeds at the definitive place-PS) and soil preparation with and without subsoiling. The experiment was carried out at the Lagoa do Coco Farm, Rio Real, Bahia, Brazil. Biometric evaluations were performed to estimate the variables: canopy volume (CV), vegetative vigor index (VVI) and canopy cover rates in the planting row (CCR-R) and interrow (CCR-I). Root samples were also collected up to a depth of 1.45 m at five points in the planting row. The roots were digitized and processed to obtain total root length (TRL), root length density (RLD), average root diameter (RD) and root length for the diameter classes. Plants produced in protected environment exhibit greater shoot vegetative and root development compared to those produced by sowing at the definitive place, at least for the young orchard and under rainfed conditions. Subsoiling did not affect root system distribution and PNT favored the increase in TRL along the soil profile compared to PS, for all diameter classes evaluated, contributing to the increase in vegetative vigor observed in the plants. Regardless of the management practices adopted, roots were concentrated in the first 0.35 m of the vertical soil profile, due to physical impediment caused by the presence of cohesive horizons.
First year students' understanding of measurements in physics laboratory work

Recent collaborative work by the physics education research group at the University of Cape Town (South Africa) and the science education research group at the University of York (United Kingdom) has produced a suite of research instruments which may be used to probe the procedural understanding of first-year physics students. The work has led to the development of a model for classifying students' reasoning about measurement in terms of theoretical constructs which have been termed the point and set paradigms. The model accounts for the ways in which students make decisions in the areas of data collection, data processing and data comparison during experimental work. A set of questionnaires was modified and used in this study to investigate mainstream physics students' understanding of measurement both before and after completing a full year physics laboratory curriculum. It was found that although the mainstream students both entered and exited their course with high levels of proficiency in applying the more formalistic rules of data analysis, very few shifted in their fundamental understanding of the concepts that underlie experimentation. The results further suggest that the laboratory course may have indeed impeded these students from developing a deep understanding of the nature of measurement and uncertainty.
Beyond parallel evolution: when several species colonize the same environmental gradient

Genomic signatures associated with population divergence, speciation and the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for these are key research topics in evolutionary biology. Evolutionary radiations and parallel evolution have offered opportunities to study the role of the environment by providing replicates of ecologically driven speciation. Here, we apply an extension of the parallel evolution framework to study replicates of ecological speciation where multiple species went through a process of population divergence during the colonization of a common environmental gradient. We used the conditions offered by the North Sea – Baltic Sea environmental transition zone and found clear evidence of population structure linked to the Baltic Sea salinity gradient in four flatfish species. We found highly heterogeneous signatures of population divergence within and between species, and no evidence of parallel genomic architecture across species associated with the divergence. Analyses of demographic history suggest that Baltic Sea lineages are older than the age of the Baltic Sea itself. In most cases, divergence appears to involve reticulated demography through secondary contact, and our analyses revealed that genomic patterns of divergence were likely the result of a combination of effects from past isolation and subsequent adaptation to a new environment. In one case, we identified two large structural variants associated with the environmental gradient, where populations were inferred to have diverged in the presence of gene flow. Our results highlight the heterogeneous genomic effects associated with complex interplays of evolutionary forces, and stress the importance of genomic background for studies of parallel evolution.
SINEUP long non-coding RNA acts via PTBP1 and HNRNPK to promote translational initiation assemblies

SINEUPs are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that contain a SINE element, which up-regulate the translation of target mRNA and have been studied in a wide range of applications for biological and therapeutic tools, although the molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we focused on the kinetic distribution of target mRNAs and SINEUP RNAs by performing co-transfection of expression vectors for these transcripts into human embryonic normal kidney cells (HEK293T/17) to investigate the network of translational regulation. The results showed that co-localization of target mRNAs and SINEUP RNAs in the cytoplasm was one of the key phenomena. We identified PTBP1 and HNRNPK as essential RNA binding proteins. These proteins contributed to SINEUP RNA sub-cellular distribution and to assembly of translational initiation complexes, leading to enhanced target mRNA translation. These findings will promote a better understanding of the mechanisms on the fate of regulatory RNAs implicated in efficient protein translation.
CORE: a framework for the automatic repair of concurrency bugs

Desktop computers now contain 2, 4 or even 8 processors. To benefit from them programs must be written to work in parallel. If writing good code is hard, writing good parallel code is much harder. Parallelization adds process communication and synchronization to the list of difficulties faced by programmers. It also adds new kinds of bugs not found in single-threaded code such as deadlocks and data races. In this thesis we develop the CORE (COncurrent REpair) framework. It automatically fixes deadlocks and data races in parallel Java programs. It uses a search-based software engineering approach to mutate and evolve the source code. In these mutants synchronization blocks are added, removed, expanded, shrunk or the synchronization variable is changed. Each potential fix is model checked or run through a thread noising tool that forces different thread interleavings to be explored. Efficiently fixing data races and deadlocks in parallel Java programs is realized by combining two techniques. First, different forms of static and dynamic analyses are brought together to constrain the search space. Second, a genetic algorithm without crossover was implemented that uses both noising and model checking to determine fitness. These techniques are unified in the CORE framework. Different kinds of analysis better constrain the search space of the problem. Intelligent use of noising, model checking and incremental model checking are combined efficiently into a modern framework that help to increase the overall quality of concurrent software.
Integrated probabilistic data association

This paper presents an integrated probabilistic data association algorithm which provides recursive formulas for both data association and track quality (probability of track existence), allowing track initiation and track termination to be fully integrated into the association and smoothing algorithm. Integrated probabilistic data association is of similar computational complexity to probabilistic data association and as demonstrated by simulation, achieves comparable performance to the more computationally expensive interactive multiple model probabilistic data association algorithm which also integrates initiation and tracking. >