Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Continued Use of Mobile Health Apps: Insights From a Longitudinal Study

Background Mobile health (mHealth) apps that support individuals pursuing health and wellness goals, such as weight management, stress management, smoking cessation, and self-management of chronic conditions have been on the rise. Despite their potential benefits, the use of these tools has been limited, as most users stop using them just after a few times of use. Under this circumstance, achieving the positive outcomes of mHealth apps is less likely. Objective The objective of this study was to understand continued use of mHealth apps and individuals’ decisions related to this behavior. Methods We conducted a qualitative longitudinal study on continued use of mHealth apps. We collected data through 34 pre- and postuse interviews and 193 diaries from 17 participants over two weeks. Results We identified 2 dimensions that help explain continued use decisions of users of mHealth apps: users’ assessment of mHealth app and its capabilities (user experience) and their persistence at their health goals (intent). We present the key factors that influence users’ assessment of an mHealth app (interface design, navigation, notifications, data collection methods and tools, goal management, depth of knowledge, system rules, actionable recommendations, and user system fit) and relate these factors to previous literature on behavior change technology design. Using these 2 dimensions, we developed a framework that illustrated 4 decisions users might make after initial interaction with mHealth apps (to abandon use, limit use, switch app, and continue use). We put forth propositions to be explored in future research on mHealth app use. Conclusions This study provides insight into the factors that shape users’ decisions to continue using mHealth apps, as well as other likely decision scenarios after the initial use experience. The findings contribute to extant knowledge of mHealth use and provide important implications for design of mHealth apps to increase long-term engagement of the users.
The Effect of Classroom Emotions, Attitudes Toward English, and Teacher Behavior on Willingness to Communicate Among English Foreign Language Learners

Willingness to communicate (WTC) in a foreign language is linked to a range of interacting learner-internal and learner-external variables. The present study identified the predictors of WTC of 210 foreign language learners of English from Spain. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the strongest (negative) predictor of WTC was foreign language classroom anxiety, while foreign language enjoyment and frequency of foreign language use by the teacher were positive predictors.
Indebted Over Time: Racial Differences in Student Borrowing

Recent trends in higher education financing have increased students’ need to borrow to afford college. This brief examines how federal student loan borrowing has changed from 2000 to 2016 by student race/ethnicity using logistic regression analysis and data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS). We find that the odds of borrowing have diverged over time across racial and ethnic subgroups even after controlling for institutional sector and students’ financial circumstances. This divergence in student loan borrowing has important implications for policymakers and researchers interested in closing racial gaps in college access and success.
Does It Show When Someone Has Hostile Intentions? When In Doubt, Replicate!

This research tries to find the same results of a previous study by Wijn and colleagues (2017), who discovered that exposing deceptive people to an environmental cue and high cognitive load improved judges’ ability to detect their hostile intent. A new addition to the replication is the investigation of the possible role of gender and personality traits in judges’ accuracy to detect deception. The current study did not obtain the same results as the original study: the environmental cue and high cognitive load did not have a significant effect on participants’ accuracy to detect hostile intent and innocence. It appeared that the participants in this study were no better than chance at detecting hostile intent. However, it was found that males were better at detecting whether females, compared to males, were actually innocent. Besides, they rated innocent males as guilty more often than innocent females. Females did not show a difference in accuracy. Also, it was easier for judges to detect hostile intent in males, and more difficult to detect hostile intent in females. Lastly, judges’ scores on Neuroticism, Openness and Agreeableness did not influence their ability to detect hostile intent or innocence.
The placebo and nocebo effect in sport : intentions, attitudes and beliefs towards sport supplements and banned performance enhancing substances

The focus of this research is to determine the magnitude and moderators of placebo and nocebo effects on sport performance and to explore the impact of a placebo intervention on athletes’ beliefs and intentions towards sport supplements. Recent research suggests that supplement users may be more likely to use banned substances (i.e. doping) and that beliefs and intentions towards supplements may influence future supplement use. As such, this research also explores the effects of a placebo intervention on athletes’ attitudes to doping. Study 1 focuses on the development and validation of the Sports Supplements Beliefs Scale. This measure is used to assess athletes’ beliefs about sport supplements and the impact of the placebo intervention conducted in Study 2 on these beliefs. Study 2 uses a placebo intervention to examine the magnitude and moderators of the placebo and nocebo effect on repeat sprint performance, and Study 3 examines the impact of this intervention on participants’ beliefs and intentions to use sport supplements and attitudes to doping. In Study 2, no significant mean placebo effect on sport performance was evident, however, a significant mean nocebo effect compared to no treatment controls was observed. Further analyses indicated that participants’ intentions to use sport supplements influenced the direction and magnitude of the placebo effect. Study 3 showed that participants’ beliefs and intentions towards sport supplements and attitudes to doping changed after the intervention. Although it appeared to reduce the likelihood of athletes using sport supplements and banned substances overall, participants that were not intending to use sport supplements before the intervention were more likely to use them after. In conclusion, data from this research suggest that an athlete’s intention to use sport supplements moderates the direction and magnitude of placebo effects on sport performance and that a placebo intervention significantly influences athletes’ beliefs and intentions towards sport supplements and attitudes to doping. These results have important implications for how international and national anti-doping organisations develop their anti-doping education interventions. Interventions aimed at educating athletes about the placebo effect and targeting their use of sport supplements, may prevent future doping behaviours.
‘Skanky stories’: Breaking boundaries of sexual taboo in women’s travel narratives

Abstract This paper argues that women travelers engage with and subsequently re-tell stories of taboo sexual encounters as part of a wider discourse in securing cultural capital through independent, global travel and adventure. Using data from my research Emotion and embodiment in the experiences of independent women tourists (2009-2012), I give examples of sexual etiquette in travelling discourse by re-positioning the ‘shocking’ boundaries of sexual taboo through travel stories, analysing the performances of ‘pleasure-seeking’ discourses of third-wave feminist sexuality, and moving discussion beyond this to explore white privilege and fetishising the ‘Other’. Many women’s travel stories display a heightened heterosexuality that radically differs from some feminist concerns that female sexualisation is geared towards the fantasy male gaze (Pritchard and Morgan 2000) and these stories are integrated into her travelling journey of exploration, experience, stimulus, whilst providing some entertaining 'fodder'. Of further note is how these pleasure-seeking discourses tie into adventure narratives so prominent in backpacking literature; that of ‘rough’, ‘dirty’ and ‘skanky’ immersive experiences. The narratives of women travelers as they re-tell stories of sexual behavior throughout their travels reflect the desires for extreme experiences to enhance their stories. The language and sexual vocabulary of the women as they discuss sexual identity whilst travelling play with racial privilege, and cross the boundaries of classed, gendered and cosmopolitan ‘respectability’ in a conscious manner.
Public Debt Consolidation and its Distributional Effects

We build a dynamic general equilibrium model with heterogeneous households, namely Rich and Poor, and capitalskill complementarity structure in the production function, to study aggregate and distributional implications of fiscal consolidation policies when the government uses a rich set of spending and tax instruments. Fiscal policy is conducted through constrained optimized fiscal rules. Our results show that, in the long run, fiscal consolidation enhances both aggregate efficiency and equity; however, it may hurt Rich households depending on which fiscal instrument takes advantage of the fiscal space created. Along the transition, wage inequality significantly increases due to the capital skill complementarity structure of the production function. Specifically, this happens because debt consolidation crowds in capital and this favours Rich (skilled) households. On the other hand, the reduction in interest rates and government bonds lead to a decrease in Rich households income coming from capital and government bonds which eventually decrease income inequality. Finally, a rather novel finding is that the combination of asset and skill heterogeneity amplifies the increase in wage inequality in the early phase of fiscal consolidation. *Corresponding Author: petros.varthalitis@esri.ie
Simulation of Liquefaction and Retrogressive Slope Failure in Loose Coarse-Grained Material

Flowslides and retrogressive slope failures are usually triggered from a significant drop of shear strength in loose coarse-grained materials, including static liquefaction and successive large deformations. A 4-step procedure is proposed to model these phenomena using the material point method, together with an advanced constitutive model calibrated via inverse analysis. The numerical simulations are performed for a well-documented flume test, which showed that a flowslide was initiated by toe sliding followed by static liquefaction leading to retrogressive failure. First, an advanced hypoplastic constitutive model is calibrated to simulate the observed mechanical behavior of the representative elementary volume (REV) of soil in triaxial tests. Then, these model parameters are used to simulate the slope instability process observed in the flume test. The simulation of triaxial tests and slope instability are satisfactory and highlight important features about the evolution of pore-water pressure and effective stress in a large deformation slope process.DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001500. © 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers. Author keywords: Retrogressive failure; Representative elementary volume (REV); Liquefaction; Hypoplastic; Inverse analysis; Calibration.
High‐resolution seismic imaging of crooked two‐dimensional profiles in greenstone belts of the Canadian shield: results from the Swayze area, Ontario, Canada

In 2017, the Metal Earth multi‐disciplinary exploration project acquired a total of 921 km of regional deep seismic reflection profiles and 184 km of high‐resolution seismic reflection profiles in the Abitibi and Wabigoon greenstone belts of the Superior province of Canada. The Abitibi belt hosts several world‐class mineral deposits, whereas the Wabigoon has sparse economic mineral deposits. Two high‐resolution surveys in the Swayze area, a poorly endowed part of the western Abitibi greenstone belt, served as pioneer surveys with which to better understand subsurface geology and design a strategy to process other surveys in the near future. Swayze seismic data were acquired with crooked survey geometries along roads. Designing an effective seismic processing flow to address these geometries and complex geology required straight common midpoint lines along which both two‐dimensional prestack dip‐moveout correction and poststack migration processing were applied. The resulting seismic sections revealed steeply dipping and subhorizontal reflections; some correlate with folded surface rocks. An interpreted fault/deformation zone imaged in Swayze north would be a target for metal endowment if it extends the Porcupine–Destor structure. Because of the crooked line geometry of the surveys, two‐dimensional /three‐dimensional prestack time migration and swath three‐dimensional processing were tested. The prestack time migration algorithm confirmed reflections at the interpreted base of the Abitibi greenstone belt. The swath three‐dimensional images provided additional spatial details about the geometries of some reflections, but also had less resolution and did not detect many reflectors observed in two dimensions. Geological contacts between felsic, mafic and ultramafic greenstone rock layers are thought the main cause of reflectivity in the Swayze area.
Open fractures: epidemiological pattern, initial management and challenges in a sub-urban teaching hospital in Nigeria

Introduction Management of open fractures poses a constant challenge to Orthopaedic surgeons in Nigeria. Our aim is to determine the epidemiological pattern of open fractures in our centre and share our experiences on the initial management and problems encountered. Methods This was an 18 month prospective study of patients that presented with open fractures at our emergency room. Already prepared data collection sheets were used to collect relevant data directly from patients and patients' files. Results There were 58 open fractures in 52 patients (31 males and 21 females). Mean age of patients was 36.4 ± 12.2 years. Most patients (82.7%) fell within the age group of 20-49 years. Traders (28.9%) and students (19.6%) were mostly affected. Most open fractures (88.5%) were due to road traffic accidents. The tibia and fibula were the most frequently affected (44.4%). Most injuries were Gustilo et al. types IIIA & IIIB (79.3%) open fractures. Patients had initial resuscitation followed by debridement in 42 cases (72%). Fractures were initially stabilized with external fixators in 23 cases (39.7%) and cast slabs in 19 cases (32.8%). The average time between presentation and debridement was 30 hours and average hospital stay was 36 days. Forty two point five per cent of wounds were infected. Conclusion Open fractures were mostly due to road traffic accidents and affected the tibia and fibula most frequently with Gustilo et al. types IIIA and IIIB forming the bulk of the injuries. Management was challenging with late presentations, scarcity of resources and consequent high rate of infections, prolonged morbidity and hospital stay. These problems were worsened by delay in antibiotic commencement and initial debridement, sub-optimal treatment at peripherial hospitals and mis-management by traditional bone setters.
Relationships among counselor moral development, multicultural counseling competency, and attitudes towards people who have disabilities

xi CHAPTER ONE . 13 The Problem . 13 Introduction. 13 Diversity. 15 Multicultural Competencies. 16 Attitudes towards People who have Disabilities. 17 Theoretical Rationale . 18 Cognitive Development. 18 Moral development. 20 Significance of the Study. 21 Purpose of the Study. 24 Research Questions and Hypotheses. 25 Research Questions . 25 Directional Hypotheses. 25 Operational Definitions. 26 Disability. 26 Moral Development . 26 Multicultural Counseling. 27 Diversity. 27 Attitudes. 27
Does Political Turbulence Encourage Fight or Flight for Federal Employees? Examining Political Environments and Turnover Intent

In a volatile political climate where agencies often become the stage for partisan battles, career employees pay the price for increased political attention to agencies. This study seeks to understand how contentious political environments contribute to employee turnover intent. It draws on strategic management and systems theories that link resource turbulence to management changes and employee turnover. The question is important to address because career bureaucrats are critical to government performance as both policy makers and implementers. Individual-level data are paired with organizational-level data to assess how political environments influence turnover preferences. Other aspects of an agency’s political environment (age, design, ideology, and political appointees) are also tested. The analysis shows that budget volatility increases the intent to leave, but staffing volatility increases intent to move within government. All political environment variables except ideology affected intent to change jobs.
The Effect of Armed Conflict on Savings Rates: International Evidence from 1980 to 2015

Abstract Economic growth theory highlights the importance of saving rates to explain the long-run economic performance of economies. While economic theory has provided an analytical and empirical framework to understand the determinants of saving rates, one of the limitations is that it excludes from the analysis the potential effects of armed conflict and political instability, although it has been demonstrated that such situations can affect intertemporal preferences in terms of consumption and saving. Using a sample of 55 countries with/without conflict from 1980 to 2015, we analyze whether aggregate savings rates are negatively correlated with the existence, intensity, and duration of an armed conflict. The results indicate that countries that have suffered some type of conflict exhibit a saving rate 2.7% lower on average than the rate exhibited by countries that have not suffered such conflict. Additionally, if there is a high-intensity conflict, the saving rates decreases 2.5% more relative to countries that experience low-intensity conflict. Finally, we found a nonlinear relationship between saving rates and conflict duration, suggesting that the impact of conflict on savings decreases with time. These results extend the literature on the effects of armed conflicts on the long-run economic growth.
Gender Diversity and Educational Attainment in Non-Listed Private Firms: Evidence from Slovakia

The paper tests the impact of gender diversity and educational attainment of owners and company directors on the performance of private firms in the Slovak economy. The paper demonstrates that in retail trade the gender diversity both in owners and company directors within a company leads to higher total factor productivity and partially lower propensity to fail. However, in other industries the companies with higher proportion of females in the ownership structure or among company directors tend to be less efficient and grow less. Although there is evidence that higher proportion of females self-select into lower risk sectors and occupations, our main results hold after controlling for it. In terms of educational attainment, the companies with higher proportions of owners or company directors with university education are more productive and grow more in terms of turnover, but there is no evidence that default of companies is related to educational attainment. We suggest that education is unique and superior resource and it generally benefits the companies by having higher proportion of educated owners and/or directors.
Leadership Style, Organizational Commitment, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Credit Union in Indonesia

This study investigates the relationship between transactional and transformational leadership styles, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in the context of Credit Union. Respondents are 207 non-managerial employees of Credit Union in Indonesia. Data was collected by questionnaire and analysed by using SEM. The result shows that transformational leadership has positive effect on organizational commitment, and organizational commitment has effect on OCB-coworker targeted. However, transactional leadership has no significant effect on organizational commitment. The results of this study provide consideration suggestions regarding appropriate leadership styles to enhance employee commitment for achieving high performance and sustainability of CU in Indonesia.
Exploring Tough Love Communication in Parents’ Relationships with Their Young Adult Children

Communication between parents and their young adult children serves as an important foundation for healthy development and successful socialization. When communicating support, parents may struggle to find a balance between comforting their child while also encouraging their personal growth and development. In certain situations, parents may communicate tough love in order to accomplish their different goals. This study examines 67 interviews involving parents and their young adult children to explore how they discuss and understand tough love in their relationships. Results illuminate five themes regarding the distinguishing features of tough love and three themes around the outcomes of tough love in parent-child relationships.
High‐precision Dating and Geological Significance of Chang 7 Tuff Zircon of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin in Central China

The Ordos Basin, as the second largest petroliferous basin of China, contains abundant oil and gas resources, oil shale, and sandstone‐type uranium mineral resources. Chang 7 shale is not only the major source rock of the Mesozoic petroliferous system of the Basin, but is also crucial in determining the space‐time distribution relationship of the shale section for the effective exploration and development of the Basin's oil and gas resources. To obtain a highly precise age of the shale development section, we collected tuff samples from the top and bottom profile of the Chang 7 Member, Yishi Village, Yaoqu Town, Tongchuan District, on the southern margin of the Ordos Basin and performed high‐precision chemical abrasion (CA)–isotope dilution (ID)–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) zircon U‐Pb dating on the basis of extensive laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) zircon U‐Pb dating data. Our results show the precise ages of the top and bottom zircon in the Chang 7 shale to be 241.06±0.12 Ma and 241.558±0.093 Ma, respectively. We first obtained Chang 7 age data with Grade 0.1‐Ma precision and then determined the age of the shale development in the Chang 7 Member to be the early‐Middle Triassic Ladinian. This result is supported by paleontological evidence. The deposition duration of the Chang 7 shale is 0.5Ma with an average deposition rate of the shale section being 5.3 cm/ka. Our research results provide time scale and basic data for further investigation of the basin–mountain coupling relation of the shale section, the sedimentary environment and volcanic ash and organic‐matter‐rich shale development relation, and the organism break‐out and organic‐matter enrichment mechanism.