Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psikolojik istismar, Psikolojik sağlamlık, Sosyal Bağlılık ve Aidıyet Duygusu Arasındaki İlişki

Bu calismanin amaci, cocukluk donemi psikolojik istismarin psikolojik saglamlik uzerindeki etkisinde sosyal baglilik ve aidiyet duygusunun araci rolunu incelmektir. Veri toplama araclari, yaslari 21 ve 34 arasinda degisen 279 yetiskine uygulanmistir. Katilimcilarin %63.4’u (177) kadin ve %36,6’si (102) erkektir. Katilimcilarin yas ortalamasi 24.42 ve standart sapmasi 2.95’tir. Analiz sonuclari, cocukluk donemi psikolojik istismarin sosyal baglilik ve aidiyeti dogrudan ongordugunu gostermistir. Ayrica sonuclar, psikolojik istismarin sosyal baglilik ve aidiyet araciligiyla psikolojik saglamligi dolayli olarak ongordugunu gostermistir. Diger bir deyisle psikolojik istismar ve psikolojik saglamlik arasindaki iliskide sosyal baglilik ve aidiyetin tam araci role sahip olduklari gorulmustur. Bu arastirmada, cocukluk donemi psikolojik istismar ve psikolojik saglamlik arasindaki iliskide sosyal baglilik ve aidiyetin koruyucu faktorler oldugu gorulmustur. Bu nedenle, cocukluk donemi psikolojik istismarin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada sosyal baglilik ve aidiyet duygusunun onemli role sahip oldugu soylenebilir.
CpG Oligonucleotide Therapy Cures Subcutaneous and Orthotopic Tumors and Evokes Protective Immunity in Murine Bladder Cancer

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation is standard immunotherapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. However, many patients become refractory to BCG, giving impetus to the development of alternative therapies. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) therapy has been shown to promote TH1-oriented antitumor responses in various tumor models. To investigate its therapeutic effect in bladder cancer, we used different CpG ODNs to treat C57BL/6 mice bearing the subcutaneous murine bladder tumor MB49. CpG type B ODN 1668 was superior at inhibiting tumor growth, leading to complete regression of large tumors. More importantly, CpG ODN 1668 also regressed orthotopically growing MB49 tumors for the first time. Rechallenge of CpG ODN-cured mice with MB49 showed that a majority of the mice were protected long term, demonstrating that CpG ODN therapy evokes a memory response. Adenoviral vectors (Ad) encoding CD40L, tumor necrosis factor-related activation-induced cytokine, lymphotactin, interleukin (IL) 2, and IL-15 were also investigated. AdCD40L and AdIL-15 transduction could abolish MB49 tumorigenicity, and these vectors were combined with CpG ODN 1668 to investigate any enhanced effects. No such effects were seen. All groups of mice treated with CpG ODNs, alone or in combination with adenoviral vector, exhibited increased serum concentrations of IL-12, indicative of a TH1 response. Our results show that CpG ODN therapy cures established subcutaneous and orthotopic bladder cancer via a TH1-mediated response and provides long-lasting protective immunity.
Down syndrome screening in the first and/or second trimester: model predicted performance using meta-analysis parameters.

OBJECTIVE To predict the screening performance for 17 policies currently in use or being considered for the near future. METHODS Multivariate Gaussian modeling using parameters derived from published meta-analyses and new meta-analyses for gestation-specific nuchal translucency and between trimester correlations. RESULTS For a 1% to 5% false-positive rate, first trimester screening achieved detection rates up to 16% to 25% higher than the best second trimester combination. Screening in both trimesters sequentially could yield an even greater increase in detection of 24% to 35%. The most efficient sequential policy was contingent screening, which has a high detection rate with only 15% of women needing second trimester tests. CONCLUSION Modeling with meta-analysis derived parameters provides a reliable guide for policy and favors a contingent screening policy. The widespread practice of calculating first and second trimester risks separately should be abandoned.
Consumption, Aggregate Wealth, and Expected Stock Returns in Japan

This paper studies the role of fluctuations in the aggregate consumption– w ealth ratio for predicting stock returns in Japan. Using quarterly Japanese stock market data, we find three main results that are different from US evidence. First, unlike in the US, fluctuations in Japan in the consumption– w ealth ratio are not strong predictors of real and excess stock returns. Second, we find that the dividend yield is a much better forecaster of future stock returns at short and intermediate horizons than is the consumption– w ealth ratio in Japan. This is also a different result than from the US. Third, as opposed to the US again, the relative risk-free rate in Japan shows almost no ability to predict excess stock returns in Japan, while the corresponding relative T-bill rate exhibits rather strong forecasting power for excess stock returns in the US.
A futility study of minocycline in Huntington's disease

This study assessed the futility of proceeding with a Phase 3 clinical trial of minocycline as a disease‐modifying treatment for Huntington's disease (HD). One hundred fourteen research participants with HD were randomized, 87 to minocycline (200 mg/d) and 27 to placebo. The change in Total Functional Capacity (TFC) score from baseline to Mo 18 was prespecified as the primary measure of HD progression. By using a futility design, we tested the null hypothesis that minocycline would reduce the mean decline in TFC score by at least 25% compared to a fixed value obtained from a historical database, with a one‐tailed significance level of 10%. The placebo group was included to facilitate blinding. Rejection of the null hypothesis would discourage a major definitive trial of minocycline in HD. For the primary analysis, missing data were handled by carrying forward the last available observation; a secondary analysis used multiple imputations. The mean TFC decline in the minocycline group was 1.55 (SD 1.85), and futility was not declared (P = 0.12) for the primary analysis. When multiple imputation was used to handle missing data, the mean TFC decline in the minocycline group of 1.71 (SD 1.96, P = 0.07) suggested futility, as was the case for prespecified secondary outcome measures. There were no safety abnormalities attributable to minocycline. Based on the threshold of 25% improvement in TFC, further study of minocycline 200 mg/d in HD was not warranted. Futility designs aid in screening potential therapies for HD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
HIV Prevalence and Correlates of Receptive Needle Sharing Among Injection Drug Users in the Mexican-U.S. Border City of Tijuana

Abstract Injection drug use is a growing but understudied problem in Tijuana, a city situated on the northwestern Mexico-U.S border. The authors studied factors associated with receptive needle sharing in an effort to inform prevention activities. In 2003, street-recruited injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana underwent interviews on injection risk behaviors and rapid HIV antibody tests. Logistic regression was used to identify correlates of receptive needle sharing at the last injection episode. Of 402 IDUs, 87.6% were male; the median age was 34. HIV prevalence was 4.01% (95%CI: 2.29–6.51). One third reported receptive needle sharing at last injection. Factors independently associated with receptive needle sharing were years living in Tijuana (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AdjOR]= 0.97 per year, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99), being bisexual/homosexual (AdjOR=2.12; 95% CI: 1.30 – 3.44), unemployed (AdjOR=2.5; 95% CI: 1.52–4.10), never having an HIV test (AOR: 4.02; 95% CI: 2.44–6.60), having friends who placed importance on avoiding HIV (AdjOR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.19–0.68) and last injecting in a shooting gallery (AdjOR=l.98; 95% CI: 1.21–3.24). These results underscore the need to increase access to voluntary HIV testing and counseling to IDUs and migrants in Tijuana, as well as expand access to sterile syringes in an effort to avert widespread HIV transmission.
Initial process of amyloid formation of apomyoglobin and effect of glycosphingolipid GM1

Using small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques it has been possible to clarify the helix-to-sheet (cross-β) transition and the stacking process of the cross-β sheet of apomyoglobin as a model for amyloid. The present results indicate that the cross-β formation and the pleated sheet stacking start concurrently and that the stacking continues progressively after the saturation of the cross-β formation. The effect of glycosphingolipids on the above processes has also been studied. At high molar ratio of glycosphingolipid to apomyoglobin the growth of the amyloid is suppressed.
Distinct Different Contributions of the Alternative and Classical Complement Activation Pathway for the Innate Host Response during Sepsis

Complement activation represents a crucial innate defense mechanism to invading microorganisms, but there is an eminent lack of understanding of the separate contribution of the different complement activation pathways to the host response during sepsis. We therefore investigated different innate host immune responses during cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis in mice lacking either the alternative (fD−/−) or classical (C1q−/−) complement activation pathway. Both knockout mice strains showed a significantly reduced survival and increased organ dysfunction when compared with control mice. Surprisingly, fD−/− mice demonstrated a compensated bacterial clearance capacity as control mice at 6 h post CLP, whereas C1q−/− mice were already overwhelmed by bacterial growth at this time point. Interestingly, at 24 h after CLP, fD−/− mice failed to clear bacteria in a way comparable to control mice. However, both knockout mice strains showed compromised C3 cleavage during sepsis. Investigating potential causes for this discrepancy, we were able to demonstrate that despite normal bacterial clearance capacity early during the onset of sepsis, fD−/− mice displayed increased inflammatory cytokine generation and neutrophil recruitment into lungs and blood when compared with both control- and C1q−/− mice, indicating a potential loss of control over these immune responses. Further in vitro experiments revealed a strongly increased Nf-κB activation capacity in isolated neutrophils from fD−/− mice, supporting this hypothesis. Our results provide evidence for the new concept that the alternative complement activation pathway exerts a distinctly different contribution to the innate host response during sepsis when compared with the classical pathway.
The potential costs of flipper-bands to penguins

Summary 1 The published literature on the effects of flipper-bands on penguin ecology is reviewed. Six published studies show the following. 2 In Adelie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae, flipper-bands directly damaged flippers, increased swimming costs by 24%, decreased survival in the first year after banding by 28%, and may have accelerated decline of a dwindling colony by 3%. 3 Adult return rates to colonies among flipper-banded Adelie, Chinstrap P. antarctica and Gentoo P. papua Penguins decreased by 8%, 12% and 25%, respectively, between single- and double-banded penguins. Juvenile return rates among Gentoo Penguins were reduced by 10·5%. Return rates to the colony among double-banded King Penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus were 31·3% and 6·7% lower than among single-banded birds in the first and second years after banding, respectively, and single flipper-banded birds showed annual survival rates 21·1% lower than those of birds fitted with subcutaneous transponders. 4 Among Royal Penguins Eudyptes schlegeli, there were no differences between chick growth, adult over-winter survival and fledging success between flipper-banded birds and birds fitted with transponders. 5 Adelie Penguin adult annual survival rates were lower among flipper-banded birds than among unbanded birds. 6 On the basis of dive profiles for Adelie Penguins, it is estimated that increased swimming costs of 5% reduce prey contact time by 10%, and of 24% reduce prey contact time by 48%. These estimated ‘knock-on’ or cumulative costs coupled with the survival and breeding costs shown by the majority of published field studies suggest that data collected on some flipper-banded populations are biased. 7The advantages and disadvantages of an alternative long-term marking technique, subcutaneously implanted passively interrogated transponder tags, are discussed. Research projects currently testing transponders and flipper-bands worldwide are listed.
A scalable trench etch based process for high voltage vertical RESURF MOSFETs

In this work, for the first time, vertical RESURF MOSFETs manufactured using a trench etch and vapor phase doping process depict a breakdown voltage above 300V. We prove that this concept is scalable to a much higher breakdown voltage range. The device features a record low specific resistance of 0.98/spl Omega/mm/sup 2/ with a breakdown voltage of 473V. This best result to-date for any superjunction technology proves to be a good alternative to the multi-epitaxy technique commercially in use.
Neonatal Exposure to Antigen Primes the Immune System to Develop Responses in Various Lymphoid Organs and Promotes Bystander Regulation of Diverse T Cell Specificities1

Neonatal exposure to Ag has always been considered suppressive for immunity. Recent investigations, however, indicated that the neonatal immune system could be guided to develop immunity. For instance, delivery of a proteolipid protein (PLP) peptide on Ig boosts the neonatal immune system to develop responses upon challenge with the PLP peptide later. Accordingly, mice given Ig-PLP at birth and challenged with the PLP peptide as adults developed proliferative T cells in the lymph node that produced IL-4 instead of the usual Th1 cytokines. However, the spleen was unresponsive unless IL-12 was provided. Herein, we wished to determine whether such a neonatal response is intrinsic to the PLP peptide or could develop with an unrelated myelin peptide as well as whether the T cell deviation is able to confer resistance to autoimmunity involving diverse T cell specificities. Accordingly, the amino acid sequence 87–99 of myelin basic protein was expressed on the same Ig backbone, and the resulting Ig-myelin basic protein chimera was tested for induction of neonatal immunity and protection against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Surprisingly, the results indicated that immunity developed in the lymph node and spleen, with deviation of T cells occurring in both organs. More striking, the splenic T cells produced IL-10 in addition to IL-4, providing an environment that facilitated bystander deviation of responses to unrelated epitopes and promoted protection against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis involving diverse T cell specificities. Thus, neonatal exposure to Ag can prime responses in various organs and sustain regulatory functions effective against diverse autoreactive T cells.
Seasonal variations in clinical and laboratory variables among chronic hemodialysis patients.

Seasonal variations in BP among chronic hemodialysis patients have been reported. It was hypothesized that other characteristics of these patients might also vary with the seasons. Twenty-one clinical and laboratory variables were examined for seasonal variations among 1445 patients enrolled in the Hemodialysis Study, sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Mixed-effects models were applied to longitudinal changes (up to 45 mo) for individual patients for 19 of the 21 variables, which were measured at least twice each year, to determine the seasonal component of each variable. Seasonal variations in the other two variables, i.e., protein and energy intakes determined from annual dietary records, were assessed in cross-sectional comparisons of intakes of patients entering the study at different time points. Thirteen of the 21 variables examined demonstrated statistically significant (P < 0.01) seasonal components in their longitudinal variations. Predialysis blood urea nitrogen concentrations peaked in March, which coincided approximately with the peak protein catabolic rates, as well as protein and energy intakes (determined by dietary recall). Predialysis systolic and diastolic BP values were highest in winter and lowest in summer, corroborating previous reports. In addition, the lower predialysis BP values in summer were associated with higher outdoor temperatures and less interdialytic fluid gain. The mean predialysis hematocrit values were highest in July, which could not be attributed solely to the estimated changes in plasma volume. Seasonal variations in clinical and laboratory variables occur commonly among chronic hemodialysis patients. The reasons for most of these variations are not apparent and require further investigation. Nonetheless, failure to consider these variations might lead to biases in the interpretation of clinical studies. In addition, awareness of these variations might facilitate the interpretation of laboratory results and the clinical treatment of these patients.
[Preliminary study on the antitumor immuno-protective mechanism of beta-elemene].

OBJECTIVE To study the antitumor effects and their molecular mechanism of beta-elemene, which is one of the effective monomers of Oleum Curcuma aromatica, a Chinese anticancer medicament. METHODS The expression of membrane protein HSP70 on H22 cells treated with beta-elemene or mitomycin C(MMC) was analysed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometric techniques and the antitumor effects of the treated H22 cells was examined in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS The expression rate or intensity of membrane protein HSP70 of H22 cells treated with beta-elemene, and those treated with MMC was both significantly higher than that of the untreated H22 cells (P < 0.001). Increase in HSP70 expression was most marked when H22 cells were treated with beta-elemene and MMC in combination, with an expression rate of 95.1%. Heat shock treatment of the H22 cells combined with other stress-inducing factors could further increase the HSP70 expression intensity. Specific antitumor immunity could be elicited in C57BL/6 mice immunized with beta-elemene-treated H22 cells, and the effect could be partially blocked by anti-HSP70 mAb. In mice immunized with beta-elemene-treated H22 cells, tumor developed in 3 of 11 mice, while in the immunized mice given anti-HSP70 mAb, 5 out of 10 mice developed tumor, and all of the control mice developed tumor. The average tumor weight (g) on day 28 after challenge with untreated H22 cells was 0.17 +/- 0.33, 0.66 +/- 0.77 and 1.11 +/- 0.58 in the three groups of mice, respectively. CONCLUSION beta-elemene increases tumor cell immunogenicity by inducing, at least in part, elevated expression of heat shock protein 70 on tumor cell surface.
Differential Release and Distribution of Nod1 and Nod2 Immunostimulatory Molecules among Bacterial Species and Environments*

Nod1 and Nod2 are intracellular proteins that are involved in recognition of bacterial molecules and their genetic variations have been linked to several inflammatory diseases that are strongly affected by environmental factors. However, the distribution of Nod1- and Nod2-stimulatory molecules in different bacterial species and environments is unknown. Here we established a quantitative bioassay to screen and characterize Nod1- and Nod2-stimulatory activities in different environmental sites and bacterial species. Using this system, we found that common environments including foods and soils contain high levels of Nod1- and Nod2-stimulatory activities. Several Bacillus species were identified to possess the highest Nod1-stimulatory activity among soil bacteria. Unlike other immunostimulatory molecules, the higher level of Nod1-stimulatory activity was found in the culture supernatant and not in extracts from whole cell bacteria. Nod1-stimulatory molecules were highly stable at extreme pH and boiling conditions and were synthesized in an amidase- and sltY-independent manner. These results suggest a novel mechanism by which bacteria present in the environment stimulate the host immune system through Nod1.
Correlates and Predictors of Depression in College Students: Results from the Spring 2000 National College Health Assessment

Abstract The present analyses used depression-related items and co-factors from the National College Health Assessment (NCHA), Spring 2000. The results indicate 10.3 % of college students (6.2% male and 12.6% female) reported ever having been diagnosed with depression. Of those ever diagnosed with depression, 39% were diagnosed in the last year, 27% were currently in therapy, and 34% were currently taking medication for depression. Results from the logistic regression analyses demonstrated that female, white, gay/lesbian/bisexual/transgender, or those students in an emotionally abusive relationship were predictive for having ever been diagnosed with depression and current diagnosis for depression. Results also demonstrated that health educators and student health center medical staff are rated by college students as the most believable sources of health information. Health educators are on the first line of defense, along with medical professionals, for conveying believable health information. Health educators should be aware of the proportion of college students having ever been diagnosed with depression, inform students of the symptoms of depression, and encourage students to seek help from appropriate campus and community services.
Plasticizers excreted in urine: indication of autologous blood transfusion in sports

BACKGROUND: Misuse of autologous blood transfusions in sports remains undetectable. The metabolites of the plasticizer di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were recently proposed as markers of blood transfusion, based on high urinary concentrations of these compounds observed in patients subjected to blood transfusion. This study evaluates DEHP metabolites in urine for detecting autologous blood transfusion.
Involvement of GDF-9, leptin, and IGF1 receptors associated with adipose tissue transplantation on fertility restoration in obese anovulatory mice

The aim was to analyze the effect of adipose tissue transplantation on growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9), insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), and leptin receptor (LEPR) protein expression in ovaries of obese anovulatory mice. Leptin-deficient female (ob/ob) and wild-type mice were divided into untreated ob/ob mice and gonadal white adipose tissue transplanted ob/ob mice, with evaluation after 7, 15, and 45 days and compared to control wild-type mice. The corporal weight and glycemia levels increased in the obese group concomitant with polymicrocyst formation and abundant estrone, mimicking anovulatory disease. In the treated group after 45 days, glycemia, weight, ovarian size, and number of follicles were decreased and corpora lutea were decreased. The analysis of GDF-9 revealed that, whereas control ovaries presented follicular localization, the obese ovary lacked this protein. On the other hand, obese ovaries showed elevated expression of IGF1R that was normalized after the transplantation. Finally, LEPR was reduced in obese ovaries, and adipose tissue transplantation was efficient in returning it to normal levels. In conclusion, the adipose tissue transplantation, especially after 45 days, seems to stimulate ovulation, supported by the fact that several proteins involved in ovulation returned to basal levels.