Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bats of the El Kala Biosphere Reserve, northeastern Algeria (Chiroptera)

Abstract Twelve bats species representing four families (Rhinolophidae, Miniopteridae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae) were recorded in sites representing nine different habitats of the El Kala Biosphere Reserve and its vicinity in northeastern Algeria. Myotis emarginatus showed the highest frequency, it was found at five sites, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Eptesicus isabellinus and Miniopterus schreibersii at four sites, while Rhinolophus euryale, R. blasii, Myotis punicus, Pipistrellus kuhlii and Tadarida teniotis in three localities each. Species richness (total number of species within a site) ranged between 1 and 8 (mean 4.33). The annual activity pattern of all species was recorded by one netting session per month per locality in the course of two years.
Distributed Agreement in Participial Sandwiched Configurations

In recent years, several proposals have appeared that try to model the patterns of agreement with coordinate noun phrases found in South Slavic Languages. We investigate agreement in so-called ‘sandwiched’ configurations, whereby a coordinated noun phrase sits between two agreeing participles. In such cases, the two participles do not necessarily agree with each other, given a scenario in which the first and the second conjunct have different phi-features. This means the two participles choose their target of agreement independently. We argue the results of our experimental study favor an approach to agreement that places it partially in PF.
Ionized concentrations in Ca2+ and Mg2+ buffers must be measured, not calculated

What is the topic of this review? The [Ca2+]/[Mg2+] in buffers are usually calculated using one of eight programs. These all give different values, thus [Ca2+]/[Mg2+] must be measured. What advances does it highlight? The ligand optimization method (LOM) using electrodes is an accurate method to do this. The limitations of the method are described. The LOM has been generalized to include calibration of fluorochromes and aequorin. It is the method of choice to measure intracellular equilibrium constants. Owing to the uncertainties for the values of resting [Ca2+], ∆[Ca2+] and the pK′ values for intracellular Ca2+/Mg2+ binding used in modelling, these values must now be re‐examined critically.
Capital structure of non-public listed firms in the last financial crisis: a cross country and cross industry study

This study examines the role of the last financial crisis on the firm-specific determinants and different sectors of capital structure on firms in the US and Thailand. Specifically, I investigate whether there is a change in the capital structure during the last financial crisis. This study encompasses two countries -US and Thailand -for the period of 2007-2016. I constructed a database with 3989 (non-) public listed firms. The regression results show that (1) firms have an increase in their leverage during the last financial crisis; (2) the average coefficient of the firmspecific characteristics is quite small in magnitude and vary widely across the firms in US and Thailand; (3) inter-industry effects are important in explaining firms’ capital structure. Industries exhibit different levels of leverage; (4) firm leverage, as measured by the long-term debt value divided by total assets, is statistically significant positively related to tangibility, firm size, and is significant negatively related to profitability and liquidity; (5) tax has no significant relationship with leverage; (6) cross-country equality of firm-level characteristics is not found. The developing country is more likely to meet the hypothetical requirements needed for the conventional theories in capital structure. In general, these results are broadly supportive of the pecking-order theory and inconsistent with the static trade-off theory. Finally, results are robust to the different definitions of leverage.
Effect of Training and Work Discipline on Employee Performance PT PLN (Persero) Power Plants Control Unit Keramasan

This study aims to determine the effect of Training and Work Discipline on the Performance of Employees of PT PLN (Persero) Power Plants Control Unit Keramasan. The method used in obtaining data is by using a questionnaire given to 111 employees from 153 employees as respondents. Data has been analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that training partially has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, work discipline partially has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, and training and work discipline simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
A Study on Relationships Amongst Insomnia, Fatigue, Anxiety and Depression in Nurses

Background & Objectives: Nurses form the corner stone of the health care and delivery service to the patients. Hectic work schedule at night results in physical illness like fatigue and mental problems like anxiety and depression, which not only affects their health and efficiency but also the work environment and the hospital’s performance. Hence the aim of present study is to evaluate the relationship between insomnia, anxiety, depression and fatigue among night shift nurses. Materials & Methods: Total one hundred and ninety nurses (42 Males and 148 females) were included from two hospitals, Anil Neerukonda hospital, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh and Vijaya Hospital, Belgaum, Karnataka. Regensburg Insomnia Scale (RIS), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) along with sociodemographic questions were included in the study. Nurses signed the informed consent and answered these questionnaires which were explained to them in their local language. Statistical analysis was done using, Mean±SD (Standard Deviation). Pearson’s correlation and Kruskal Wallis H test. Results: Insomnia, depression, fatigue and anxiety all are significantly correlated with each other. Kruskal Wallis H test showed a statistically significant difference in RIS and FAS scores between different experience groups. In the present study 40.3% of nurses are suffering from insomnia, 47.2% fatigue, 22.6% from anxiety and 8.4% from depression. Conclusion: Sleep is important for good health and well-being and its deficit can cause chronic health problems. Insomnia increases the risk of developing anxiety, depression and fatigue. Treating insomnia might overcome fatigue and stressful problems like anxiety and depression. Better working hours with adequate staff and better nutrition might improve the psychometric performance and alertness of nurses. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 63(3) : 246–251 *Corresponding author : Dr. Swikruti Behera, MD, Associate Prof. Department of Physiology NRI Inst itute of Medical Sciences, Sangivalasa, Vishakhapatnam – 531 162, Andhra Pradesh, India; Phone No. 8332918887, Email: drswikruti@gmail.com. (Received on June 10, 2019) Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 63(3) Effect of Insomnia Due to Night Shift on Anxiety, Depression And Fatigue 247
DEVELOPMENT OF A SEDIMENT DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM WITH ADCP

Authors developed a sediment discharge measurement system with ADCP. In terms of the sediment discharge measurement, the ADCP is powerful tools, since a bed-load velocity can be measured. At the same time, it has a disadvantage for estimating the velocity at vicinity of river bed, since ADCP has an unmesurable area around the river bed. In the mean time, authors realized that flow distribution around the river bed is indispensable for estimating the shear velocity, while other studies used entire velocity profile. Authors realized the importance and a contradiction, when we compared the estimated-shear velocity and the bed-load velocity. For solving the contradiction, the authors developed the algorism to 1) interand extrapolate velocity distribution, and 2) determined the shear velocity. For verified the authors’ algorism, we conducted the experiment with an experimental flume in movable bed condition.
Trade Openness and Economic Growth: Evidence from Asia and Latin America

This thesis focuses on how trade openness influences the average annual growth rates of developing countries in Latin America and Asia. We find that there is a positive correlation between trade openness and economic growth and this indicates the positive impact that can be made by governments through efforts to stimulate growth with trade. We construct a simple regression model to highlight the positive association between trade openness and economic growth and add several control variables such as initial GDP per capita and gross domestic investment. We use a sample of 33 developing countries in Asia and Latin America to test the relationships. Our results confirm a positive relationship between trade openness and growth, as well as a negative correlation between initial GDP per capita and economic growth which means that poorer countries grow faster. We also find a positive correlation between the level of investment and growth.In addition to testing the relationship between trade openness and rate of growth generally, we also conduct a regression to examine if there is a significant difference in this effect between Asia and Latin America. We introduce regional dummy variables and interaction terms into the new regression and find that the impacts of trade on growth are not significantly different between these two regions.
The Benefits from Competition: Some Illustrative UK Cases

Is Competition Policy worth it? asked Professor Paul Geroski in his address inaugurating the new ESRC Centre for Competition Policy (CCP) at the University of East Anglia on September 14th. He went on to produce some convincing and measurable benefits as examples of the positive impact of competition policy. From 2003-2007 the CC’s mobile phones remedy alone would yield between £325 million and £700 million to consumers – compared with the CC’s costs of £2.5 million for this case or even its total costs of £25 million a year.
Fatty Liver Syndrome in Dairy Cattle: Relation between Nefa, Apo-A, Ammoniac, Tsh and Total Bilirobin Serum Values in this Syndrom

Fatty liver syndrome (Hepatic lipidosis) or fat cow syndrome is a major metabolic disorder in many dairy cattle's in early period of lactation. The aim of this study was to evaluating fatty liver syndrome in dairy cattle in Tabriz by measurement of NEFA, APO-A, Ammoniac, TSH and Total Bilirobin serum values. In this study 10 mL blood samples from 400 Holstein dairy cows were obtained by venoject from jugular vein and then samples in vicinity of the ice sent to the laboratory. In lab, prepared serums froze inside the micro tube. The results showed that NEFA has a positive relationship with ammoniac and total Bilirobin serum values and reverse relationship with APO-A and TSH. Thus, with elevating of NEFA serum values, ammoniac and total Bilirobin also increased and TSH and APO-A contrary diminished.
Effect of oxygen atom precursors addition on LTC-affected detonation in DME − O 2 − CO 2 mixtures

The effects of ozone ( O 3 ) or nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ) as oxygen atom precursors on the characteristic length-scales of low-temperature chemistry (LTC)-affected detonation propagating in dimethyl ether − O 2 − CO 2 mixtures were investigated using the Zeldovich–von Neumann–Döring model. The effect of these two additives on the energy release dynamics and chemical kinetics was analyzed. Under some conditions, up to three steps of energy release were observed. Ozone strengthens the LTC which results in a decrease in the induction zone length along with an increase of the energy release rate. The addition of NO 2 provides chemical pathways which lead to a bypass of the intermediate-temperature chemistry and a decrease in the separation distance between the ﬁrst and the second steps of energy release. An increase of the energy release rate is also observed for the two ﬁrst peaks. Among the two additives tested, ozone appears as the most promising to experimentally observe LTC-affected detonation with multi-stage energy release.
Kronisk obstruktiv lungesygdom er hyppig som bidiagnose i en medicinsk afdeling

INTRODUCTION Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) often suffer from comorbidities. This study evaluates the need for hospitalization due to comorbidity in COPD patients and the diagnoses these patients have, and it investigates whether COPD comorbidity prolongs the hospital stay. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study performed at a department of internal medicine. A total of 66 of the 101 possible participants were included. They performed a spirometry and filled-in a questionnaire. Furthermore, patients' case records were studied for evaluation of final diagnoses and length of stay. RESULTS 39% (26/66) suffered from COPD. 54% (14/26) were diagnosed at our examination. 35% had moderate COPD, 26% severe COPD and 19% very severe COPD. 43% (6/14) of the patients with no former knowledge of their COPD had severe or very severe COPD. The COPD patients had accumulated significantly more pack years (p < 0.005) and there were significantly more smokers (p = 0.05) among them compared with patients with no COPD. 38% (10/26) had several concurrent chronic diseases. The admission period was not significantly longer for patients with COPD than for those with no COPD (p = 0.07). CONCLUSION The need for hospitalization due to comorbidity in COPD patients significantly exceeded the 20% expected to suffer from COPD in comparative age-groups of the general Danish population (p < 0.05).
The Influence of a Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibitor on Injured and Uninjured Ligaments in the Rat

Background: Results of previous studies have shown that piroxicam, a cyclooxygenase-1-2 inhibitor, improves the strength of healing ligaments, whereas celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, impairs ligament healing. Hypothesis: The selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor, SC-560, will improve the strength of ligament healing in an in vivo rat model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent surgical transection of their medial collateral ligament. Postoperatively, 20 rats were given SC-560 at a low dose and 20 at a high dose for the first 6 days of recovery; the other 40 received a normal diet. The animals were sacrificed 14 days later, and both the injured and uninjured ligaments were mechanically tested to failure in tension. Results: No significant differences in the strength of injured ligaments were found between drug and placebo treatment. However, the contralateral uninjured ligaments in the SC-560-treated groups failed at 27% higher energy and 22% higher load. Conclusions: This cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor did not improve the strength of ligament healing but did significantly improve the strength of the contralateral uninjured ligament. Clinical Relevance: A pure cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor is probably not indicated as a positive influence on ligament healing but might provide benefits in ligament injury prevention. © 2003 American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine
The Effect of Medical Work Groups on Hospital Resource use

This study tests the ability of medical work groups to overcome coordination problems related to group decision-making in allocating clinical resources to inpatients. The study was conducted over a 32-month period in two medium-sized acute-care hospitals located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The data were collected by hand from the medical charts of 10456 patients in the surgical and medical departments. The Linear Structural Relations (LISREL) approach was employed to address the work-group issue using a task contingent model of work-group organization. In this model, the nature of the task is fundamental because its level of complexity determines both the organization of the work group and the use of resources. Medical work-group mechanisms should be efficient to the extent that resource utilization is explained solely by task characteristics rather than by work-group structure. In this study, the following two major organizational concepts were used as factors to explain resource use: task characteristics and work-group characteristics. Our analysis confirmed the main points of the task contingency theory as applied to the field of medicine. First, the results confirm that resource utilization is explained mainly by task complexity. Second, they confirm that medical work groups modulate their structures on the basis of task characteristics and do not explain resource use. The results also reveal a more complex model in which, for instance, the concepts of medical task and medical professional work are not easy to separate. The results highlight the interest in conceptualizing and analysing medical practice in work groups. It raises important issues that have seldom been taken into account in the study of medical practice variations, which has tended to focus on attending physicians.
A Comparison Between Cox Regression and Parametric Methods in Analyzing Kidney Transplant Survival

Background and objectives: Most medical studies aim at determining the distribution of kidney transplant survival based upon on demographic and clinical groupings by means of Cox regression. However, parametric models may serve as proper substitutes in some conditions. The present study intends to compare the efficiency of Cox regression and parametric models in analysis of kidney transplant survival. Materials and methods: The present multi-center retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of 756 kidney transplant recipients undergoing kidney operation at two treatment centers during 2001-2012. Here, Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used for comparing the efficiency of parametric and Cox models. The computations were done by means of STATA Software at 0.05 significance level. Findings: The result of multivariate analysis showed a higher kidney survival rate for the receiving transplant from a relative family (p=0.037) and those who have a postoperative creatinine rate less than two (p<0.001). The results indicated the general preference of parametric models over Cox semi-parametric model. The lognormal model had the highest efficiency among parametric models. Conclusion: The results suggested that the lognormal models has the best fit among parametric models and may be used as a substitute for Cox model in analyzing kidney transplant survival.
EXPLORING STRATEGIES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING OF PAKISTANI STUDENTS IN PUBLIC SECTOR COLLEGES

This study is an attempt to analyze the conventional methods in large classes of public sector colleges of Lahore at the Intermediate level and suggests some alternative approaches and strategies for teachers to manage the situation of large English classes well. A survey research strategy was used for data collection. The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative research approaches for this study. The qualitative data were collected through interviews of English teachers of the colleges of the sample of the study. The quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire comprised of close-ended items retrieved from students of the sample of the study. Three public sector colleges of Lahore were taken through random sampling for the data collection. Six structured interviews of English teachers and 60 questionnaires of Intermediate students were conducted as tools for data collection. The problems which the teachers face while teaching a large class are un-inspiring atmosphere, classroom discipline, lack of resources, uninterested students, lack of individual attention, institutions without A.V. aids, wastage of time, lack of motivation and many others. But on the other hand, teachers use only lecture method to teach English throughout the academic year without bringing any change or variety in their teaching method which makes the learning passive and uninteresting. Teachers need to focus on activity based teaching, collaborative teaching, use of group work or interactive approach for better and effective results in a large language class. The government is intensely required to play a vital role for the reformation and development of the public sector colleges.
Using Health Education Theories to Explain Behavior Change: A Cross-Country Analysis

Scholars within the fields of public health, health education, health promotion, and health communication look to specific theories to explain health behavior change. The purpose of this article is to critically compare four health theories and key variables within them with regard to behavior change in the area of reproductive health. Using cross-country analyses of Ghana, Nepal, and Nicaragua (data sets provided by the Center for Communication Programs, Johns Hopkins University), the authors looked at the Health Belief Model, Theory of Reasoned Action, Extended Parallel Process Model, and Social Cognitive Theory for these two defined objectives. Results show that all four theories provide an excellent fit to the data, but that certain variables within them may have particular value for understanding specific aspects of behavior change. Recommendations for the selection of theories to use as guidelines in the design and evaluation of reproductive health programs are provided.
Fasciotomy Procedures on Acute CompartmentSyndromes of the Upper Extremity Related to Burns

Compartment syndrome is a serious complication of extremity burns. The goal of this study is to review cases with upper extremity compartment syndrome that had fasciotomy and to underline the significance of emergency fasciotomy procedures. The medical records of 43 patients who had fasciotomy because of compartment syndrome of the upper extremity between 2007 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Etiology, age, sex, fasciotomy area, the period between the burn and fasciotomy, and treatment options were evaluated. Patients with arm, forearm, and hand or digit fasciotomy were presented. Scalding and electric were the predominant cause among all patients. While 12 patients were adults, 31 of them were children and the patients’ ages ranged between 1 and 39. Defect areas formed after fasciotomy were closed with skin grafts and primary closure. Length of hospital stay in electrical burns group was significantly longer than in other burn groups (p<0.002). Burn injuries of the upper extremity are frequently seen. Most of the patients with circular burns occur compartment syndrome. Compartment syndrome is a surgical emergency requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment by urgent fasciotomy procedure. Thus, early diagnosis and adequate surgical decompression prevents function losses in the affected extremity.