Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Criticism and Critical Voices in Eating Disorder Patients and Healthy Controls

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to assess whether eating disorder (ED) patients had higher self-criticism and more experiences with hearing a critical inner voice than healthy controls and whether the Body Mass Index (BMI) is related to hearing critical inner voices. Method: Using a cross-sectional case-control design, 130 ED patients and 59 healthy controls completed a questionnaire with the Forms of Self-criticizing/Attacking and Self-reassuring Scale, the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales and The Beliefs about Voices Questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U tests and correlations were used to test the hypothesis. Results: ED patients had significant higher levels of self-criticism and heard more often inner critical voices compared to the healthy controls. The lower the BMI the more often critical inner voices were heard. Discussion: To find out whether self-criticism and a low BMI are a risk factor for hearing inner critical voices prospective research is necessary.
Bioactivity of Anacardium occidentale (L) and Allium sativum (L) Powders and Oils Extracts against Cowpea Bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]

The powders and oils extracts of Anacardium occidentale (L.) seeds and Allium sativum (L.) bulbs were tested as contact insecticides against the cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) in cowpea seeds. The powders were incorporated at rates 1, 2.5 and 5/20g of cowpea seeds and acetone extracts of the plants were also applied at 0.5, 1 and 1.5ml per 20g of cowpea seeds to assess contact mortality of adult insect, oviposition, adult emergence and damage assessment. The results obtained showed that at 72 hours; 1, 2.5 and 5/20g of cowpea seeds evoked 63.3, 80 and 100% adult mortality of the cowpea bruchid while the corresponding results for A. sativum were 60.7, 73.3 and 100% mortality respectively. All concentration of acetone extracts that were used evoked 100% mortality of C. maculatus after 72 hours of post treatment. Complete protection of seeds and complete inhibition of adult emergence in both powders and extracts of A. occidentale and A. sativum were achieved. The results obtained from this research revealed that powders and extracts of A. occidentale seeds and A. sativum bulbs were effective in controlling cowpea bruchid, C. maculatus in stored cowpea seeds.
Regularized Training Objective for Continued Training for Domain Adaptation in Neural Machine Translation

Supervised domain adaptation—where a large generic corpus and a smaller in-domain corpus are both available for training—is a challenge for neural machine translation (NMT). Standard practice is to train a generic model and use it to initialize a second model, then continue training the second model on in-domain data to produce an in-domain model. We add an auxiliary term to the training objective during continued training that minimizes the cross entropy between the in-domain model’s output word distribution and that of the out-of-domain model to prevent the model’s output from differing too much from the original out-of-domain model. We perform experiments on EMEA (descriptions of medicines) and TED (rehearsed presentations), initialized from a general domain (WMT) model. Our method shows improvements over standard continued training by up to 1.5 BLEU.
IMAGING AN EVENT HORIZON: MITIGATION OF SOURCE VARIABILITY OF SAGITTARIUS A*

The black hole in the center of the Galaxy, associated with the compact source Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), is predicted to cast a shadow upon the emission of the surrounding plasma flow, which encodes the influence of general relativity (GR) in the strong-field regime. The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) network with a goal of imaging nearby supermassive black holes (in particular Sgr A* and M87) with angular resolution sufficient to observe strong gravity effects near the event horizon. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations show that radio emission from Sgr A* exhibits variability on timescales of minutes, much shorter than the duration of a typical VLBI imaging experiment, which usually takes several hours. A changing source structure during the observations, however, violates one of the basic assumptions needed for aperture synthesis in radio interferometry imaging to work. By simulating realistic EHT observations of a model movie of Sgr A*, we demonstrate that an image of the average quiescent emission, featuring the characteristic black hole shadow and photon ring predicted by GR, can nonetheless be obtained by observing over multiple days and subsequent processing of the visibilities (scaling, averaging, and smoothing) before imaging. Moreover, it is shown that this procedure can be combined with an existing method to mitigate the effects of interstellar scattering. Taken together, these techniques allow the black hole shadow in the Galactic center to be recovered on the reconstructed image.
Seroprevalence of Camel Brucellosis in Yabello District of Borena Zone , Southern Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was carried from November 2014 to April 2015 to estimate the seroprevalence and assess associated risk factors of camel (Camelus dromedarius) brucellosis in Yabello district of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select pastoral associations and camel herds and a questionnaire survey was administered to 46 willing respondents whose camels were included in the sample unit. The sera obtained were initially screened with Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and those samples found positive by RBPT were further tested by Complement Fixation Test (CFT) for confirmation. Out of 384 sera 14 (3.6%) were positive using RBPT and 12 (3.1%, 95% CI: 1.3 to 4.9%) were positive using CFT. The study showed there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between age groups and those with history of abortion. However, no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) was observed among the pastoral associations, contact with other ruminant, parity, herd size and sexes of animals.The questionnaire survey showed that all owners have no awareness about zoonotic importance of the disease, drink raw milk and did not take care of retained fetal membranes and aborted fetuses. The current level of seroprevalence is enough to be a potential hazard for public health in the study area; therefore, public education about zoonotic importance of brucellosis, controlling the risk factors, proper hygienic practices and team work between veterinary and health personnel should be improved.
Running Head: ASSOCIATION NETWORKS ACROSS THE LIFESPAN Quantifying the Structure of Free Association Networks Across the Lifespan

We investigate how the mental lexicon changes over the lifespan using free association data from over 8,000 individuals, ranging from 10 to 84 years of age, with more than 400 cue words per age group. Using network analysis, with words as nodes and edges defined by the strength of shared associations, we find that associative networks evolve in a nonlinear (Ushaped) fashion over the lifespan. During early life, the network converges and becomes increasingly structured, with reductions in average path length, entropy, clustering coefficient, and small world index. Into late life, the pattern reverses but shows clear differences from early life. The pattern is independent of the increasing number of word types produced per cue across the lifespan, consistent with a network encoding an increasing number of relations between words as individuals age. Lifetime variability is dominantly driven by associative change in the least well-connected words.
The near-infrared morphology of ultraluminous infrared galaxies

Near-infrared images at 1.25 μm, 1.65 μm, and 2.2 μm have been obtained of nine galaxies from the IRAS Bright Galaxy Sample with infrared luminosities L_(IR) ≥ 10^(12) L_☉. Two of the 2.2 μm images reveal previously undetected double nuclei, increasing the number of close double nuclei known for this sample from two to four. For three of these four sources, the colors of both nuclei are substantially different from those of normal spiral galaxies, indicating that the high activity state in high-luminosity mergers tends to occur in both nuclei. Three sources show 2.2 μm emission that is more centrally concentrated than the emission at 1.3 μm, a result that can be explained as the effects of dust emission and/or extinction or, alternatively, as the result of direct emission at 2.2 μm from the accretion disk of a central active galactic nucleus. Implications of these results for the model that galaxy collisions lead to quasar formation are briefly discussed. Finally, from the frequency and separation of the double nucleus sources, the lifetime of the ultraluminous phase of galaxies is estimated to be ~ 4 x 10^8 yr.
UV to IR SEDs of UV-Selected Galaxies in the ELAIS Fields: Evolution of Dust Attenuation and Star Formation Activity from z = 0.7 to 0.2

We study the ultraviolet to far-infrared (hereafter UV-to-IR) SEDs of a sample of intermediate-redshift (0.2 ≤ z ≤ 0.7) UV-selected galaxies from the ELAIS N1 and ELAIS N2 fields by fitting a multi-wavelength data set to a library of GRASIL templates. Star formation related properties of the galaxies are derived from the library of models by using Bayesian statistics. We find a decreasing presence of galaxies with low attenuation and low total luminosity as redshift decreases, which does not hold for high total luminosity galaxies. In addition, the dust attenuation of low-mass galaxies increases as redshift decreases, and this trend seems to disappear for galaxies with M* ≥ 1011 M☉. This result is consistent with a mass-dependent evolution of the dust-to-gas ratio, which could be driven by a mass-dependent efficiency of star formation in star-forming galaxies. The specific star formation rates (SSFR) decrease with increasing stellar mass at all redshifts, and for a given stellar mass the SSFR decreases with decreasing redshift. The differences in the slope of the M*-SSFR relation found between this work and others at similar redshift could be explained by the adopted selection criteria of the samples, which for a UV-selected sample, favors blue, star-forming galaxies.
Re Thinking the Corporate Social Responsibility in Slovenia: Empirical Evidence

Abstract The paper identifies positive and educational effects of implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) through the project “Re.think”, as a result of collaboration between Slovenian academic institution, Faculty of Economics University of Ljubljana, and international mobile company Si.mobil. CSR has gained importance throughout the last decades in both, academic community as well as among practitioners in business environment. The paper provides the appropriate combination of relevant factors, methods and techniques for greater awareness of CSR. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in order to triangulate the findings of the research. Through the principal axis factoring and multiple regression techniques seven identified factors have been interpreted as a group of indicators fostering the development of CSR in Slovenia. The results indicate that the implementation of CSR activities is strengthening the creation of socially responsible organizational reputation.
ROLE OF SURGERY IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS ASSOCIATED WITH CALCULUS CHOLECYSTITIS

Objective: To study the role of emergency and elective surgery in the management of acute pancreatitis due to gall stone disease in our setup. Design & Duration: Quasi experimental study from April 2004 to March 2006. Setting: Surgical Unit I, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. Patients: Twenty eight patients of acute pancreatitis with cholecystitis due to gall stone disease. Methodology: Apart from clinical workup and routine investigations in these patients, the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was made on the basis of raised serum amylase (>1000 IU/L) in the presence of stones in the gall bladder or CBD on ultrasonography. Early surgery was performed in patients who did not improve within 48-72 hours of conservative management or those patients who requested for an early surgery, whereas late surgery was carried out in patients who responded well within 48-72. Results: Out of the total 28 patients of acute pancreatitis with calculus cholecystitis, 20 were female and eight male, with ages ranging from 24 to 71 years (mean age 47.50 years). Pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and tenderness in the upper abdomen were the presenting complaints. Elevated serum amylase levels ranged between 1000 to 9000 IU/L, though most (18) cases had serum amylase level between 1000 to 2000 IU/L. Gall stones were found in all the patients, while CBD stones were found in six (21.42%) and CBD sludge in one (3.57%) patient. Early surgery was carried out in 12 (42.85%) and late surgery in 11 (39.28%) patients; three (10.71%) cases did not return for late surgery while two (07.14%) died due to complications of pancreatitis. The minimum hospital stay was two days and maximum 27 days; mean stay was 14.50 days. Conclusion: Gall stones are the most common aetiological factor of acute pancreatitis in our society and patients having CBD stones are more prone to develop the disease. Most patients responded well to conservative management, though early surgery is quite safe, prevents recurrences and reduces the total hospital stay.
Application of Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Detection of Escherichia Coli in Water

Title of Thesis: “Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) as a Method to Detect the Presence of Escherichia coli in Water by Headspace Sampling and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Analysis” Author: CPT Tara L. Hall Master of Science in Public Health Thesis Directed by: CDR Philip A. Smith Assistant Professor Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics A method was developed for detecting the metabolite indole produced by Escherichia coli in the headspace above a sample in Luria bertani broth. This method used solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to perform extraction and analysis. Five commercially available SPME fibers were investigated to determine the optimal fiber and extraction conditions. Polyacrylate (PA) and polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene fiber coatings gave a statistically indistinguishable and best response compared to the other three types examined. The PA fiber coating was selected for further study. The lower level of detection was determined to be 1 colony forming unit (cfu) in 100 milliliters (mL) of water incubated for twelve hours at 37 Celsius. The
Comparison and Correlation of Dynamic Postural Stability Indices Obtained during Different Dynamic Landing Tasks and Footwear Conditions

Objectives: To compare the dynamic postural stability indices (DPSI) from two different landing protocols with normalized jump distance (NDP) and jump height (RWDP) and footwear conditions (barefoot and shod). Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Research laboratory.Participants: Twenty-five physically active adults (13 males/12 females, age: 22.1±4.2yrs, height: 178.3±11.1cm, weight: 75.6±19.4kg). Main Outcome Measures: Subjects jumped off two feet and landed with their preferred foot on a force-plate. From the ground reaction forces, the DPSI scores in the anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and vertical directions, and the cumulative scores (DPSI) were calculated under two protocols and footwear conditions. Based on normality of data distribution, paired t-tests/Wilcoxon signed rank tests and Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients were used to compare, and measure the relationship between the two protocols under two footwear conditions (p<0.05). Results: There were mixed results for DPSI scores when comparing the two protocols. There were significant differences (p=0.001–0.039) and positive correlations (r=0.660–0.870, p<0.001) on the DPSI scores between footwear conditions during the NDP protocol while the RWDP showed no significant differences.Conclusions: Different protocols and footwear conditions may impact DPSI scores. Therefore, a standardized protocol and footwear condition should be established for future studies examining dynamic postural stability.
In vitro Propagation of Critically Endangered Endemic Rhaponticoides mykalea (Hub.-Mor.) by Axillary Shoot Proliferation

Turkey is one of the richest countries in variability of flora. It has nearly 9000 plant species about 3000 of which are endemic [1]. Asteraceae, is represented by 50 species in Turkey with an endemism of nearly 54% [2]. Rhaponticoides mykalea (Hub.-Mor.) M.V. Agab. & Greuter which belongs to the Asteraceae family, falls within the CR (Critically Endangered) category in the Red Data Book of Turkey [1]. While R. mykalea (Hub.-Mor.) was classified under the section Centaurea as Centaurea mykalea (Hub.-Mor.) before now. Today it has been separated from the section Centaurea [3]. It spreads very scarce in Kusadasi (Aydin), Mugla and Isparta, and faces with the danger of extinction. R. mykalea that has very limited number of individuals is under strong anthropogenic pressure such as the gradually increase in ongoing urbanization due to rapid developments of tourism sector, the conversion of natural habitats into human domi‐ nated lands, the over-grazing and collecting capitula of R. mykalea by local people for food. The species has already been under the threat of extinction and the situation above will increase the risk of extinction of this species even more [4]. For this reason, local protection measures and global conservation strategies are necessary [5].
The Effect of Transportation Noise on Health and Cognitive Development:A Review of Recent Evidence - eScholarship

Noise from transport is an increasingly prominent feature of the urban environment. Whilst the auditory effects of noise on humans are established, non-auditory effects - the effects of noise exposure on human health, well-being and cognitive development - are less well established. This narrative review evaluates recent studies of aircraft and road traffic noise that have advanced or synthesized knowledge about several aspects of adult and child health and cognition. Studies have demonstrated a moderate effect of transport noise on hypertension, cardiovascular disease and catecholamine secretion: there is also evidence for an effect on psychological symptoms but not for the onset of more serious clinically defined psychiatric disorder. One way noise may affect health is through annoyance: noise causes annoyance responses in both children and adults and annoyance may cause stress-responses and subsequent illness. Another possible mechanism is sleep disturbance: transport noise has been found to disturb sleep in laboratory and field studies, although there is evidence for adaptation to noise exposure. For children effects of aircraft and road traffic noise have been observed for impaired reading comprehension and memory skills: there is equivocal evidence for an association with blood pressure. To date most health effects have been very little researched and studies have yet to examine in detail how noise exposure interacts with other environmental stressors. In conclusion, noise is a main cause of environmental annoyance and it negatively affects the quality of life of a large proportion of the population. In addition, health and cognitive effects, although modest, may be of importance given the number of people increasingly exposed to environmental noise and the chronic nature of exposure.
Not so individual after all: An ecological approach to age as an individual difference variable in a classroom

The main goal of this paper is to analyze how the age factor behaves as an alleged individual difference (ID) variable in SLA by focusing on the influence that the learning context exerts on the dynamics of age of onset (AO). The results of several long-term classroom studies on age effects will be presented, in which I have empirically analyzed whether AO works similarly across settings and learners or whether it is influenced by characteristics of the setting and the learner—and if so, whether there are contextual variables that can help us understand why those outcomes are different. Results of multilevel analyses indicate that macro-contextual factors (i.e., the wider school context) turn out to have a mediating effect on the relation between AO and L2 proficiency increase, exerting both positive and negative influences and thus suggesting that AO effects are malleable, which is what one would expect if we are dealing with an ID variable. In contrast, no such phenomenon can be observed in relation to lower contextual levels; learners within classes do not vary with regard to how sensitive they are to AO. Since the broader social environment in which learning takes place seems to be more influential than the cognitive state assumed to be a characteristic of the individual, I suggest that an ID model that assumes that age is a “fixed factor” (Ellis, 1994, p. 35) is not entirely satisfactory.
MULTIMODAL IMAGING OF LANGUAGE PERCEPTION Doctoral Dissertation

OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION AALTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY P.O. BOX 11000, FI-00076 AALTO http://www.aalto. fi Author Johanna Vartiainen Name of the dissertation Multimodal imaging of language perception Manuscript submitted 09.03. 2010 Manuscript revised Date of the defence 04.06. 2010 Monograph x Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Faculty Faculty of Information and Natural Sciences Department Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science Field of research Engineering Physics, Biomedical Engineering Opponent(s) Prof. Steve Small Supervisor Prof. Risto Ilmoniemi Instructor Academy Prof. Riitta Salmelin Abstract This Thesis draws together several lines of research by examining language perception in the same individuals using three neuroimaging methods: magnetoencephalography (MEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electroencephalography (EEG). The MEG experiments conducted in this Thesis demonstrated that neural processing of written and spoken words converges to the superior temporal cortex following initial modality-specific analysis. In both reading and speech perception, the superior temporal cortex is involved in processing word meaning at ~250-450 ms in the left hemisphere and after ~450 ms bilaterally. The data thus support a view of a largely shared semantic system in auditory and visual language perception, in line with the assumption that reading acquisition makes use of the neural systems originally developed for speech perception during evolution and in individual language development. The MEG experiments on reading morphologically complex words showed that the left superior temporal activation was enhanced for the morphologically complex words at ~200-700 ms. The results suggest that the majority of inflected words in the highly inflected Finnish language are represented in a decomposed form and that the decomposition process requires additional neural resources. Only very high-frequency inflected words may acquire full-form representations. The MEG results on parafoveal preview in reading indicated that neural processing of written words in the left hemisphere is affected by a preview of words in the right visual field. The underlying neural mechanism may facilitate reading of connected text in natural conditions. In a direct comparison, MEG and fMRI showed diverging activation patterns in a reading task although the same individuals were performing the same task. Based on the similarity of the EEG responses recorded simultaneously with both MEG and fMRI, the participants were performing the task similarly during the two recordings. The divergent MEG and fMRI results cannot be attributed to differences in the experimental procedures or language since these factors were controlled. Rather, they are likely to reflect actual dissimilarities in the way neural activity in a high-level cognitive task is picked up by MEG evoked responses and fMRI signals.