Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GOODS-ALMA: 1.1 mm galaxy survey

Aims. We present a 69 arcmin2 ALMA survey at 1.1 mm, GOODS-ALMA, matching the deepest HST-WFC3 H-band part of the GOODS-South field. Methods. We tapered the 0″24 original image with a homogeneous and circular synthesized beam of 0″60 to reduce the number of independent beams – thus reducing the number of purely statistical spurious detections – and optimize the sensitivity to point sources. We extracted a catalog of galaxies purely selected by ALMA and identified sources with and without HST counterparts down to a 5σ limiting depth of H = 28.2 AB (HST/WFC3 F160W). Results. ALMA detects 20 sources brighter than 0.7 mJy at 1.1 mm in the 0″60 tapered mosaic (rms sensitivity σ ≃ 0.18 mJy beam−1) with a purity greater than 80%. Among these detections, we identify three sources with no HST nor Spitzer-IRAC counterpart, consistent with the expected number of spurious galaxies from the analysis of the inverted image; their definitive status will require additional investigation. We detect additional three sources with HST counterparts either at high significance in the higher resolution map, or with different detection-algorithm parameters ensuring a purity greater than 80%. Hence we identify in total 20 robust detections. Conclusions. Our wide contiguous survey allows us to push further in redshift the blind detection of massive galaxies with ALMA with a median redshift of z = 2.92 and a median stellar mass of M⋆ = 1.1 × 1011 M⊙. Our sample includes 20% HST-dark galaxies (4 out of 20), all detected in the mid-infrared with Spitzer-IRAC. The near-infrared based photometric redshifts of two of them (z ∼ 4.3 and 4.8) suggest that these sources have redshifts z > 4. At least 40% of the ALMA sources host an X-ray AGN, compared to ∼14% for other galaxies of similar mass and redshift. The wide area of our ALMA survey provides lower values at the bright end of number counts than single-dish telescopes affected by confusion.
Early Life Health and Adult Earnings: Evidence from a Large Sample of Siblings and Twins

We study the relationship between early life health and adult earnings using a unique dataset that covers almost the entire population of Swedish males born between 1950 and 1970. The health information is obtained from medical examinations during the mandatory military enlistment tests at age 18, which we have further linked to register data on adult earnings. We find that most types of major diagnoses have long-run effects on future earnings with the largest effects resulting from mental conditions. Including sibling fixed effects or twin-pair fixed effects reduces the magnitudes of the estimates, although remaining substantial.
DistributedLearning ofAverageBelief OverNetworksUsingSequentialObservations ?

This paper addresses the problem of distributed learning of average belief with sequential observations, in which a network of n > 1 agents aim to reach a consensus on the average value of their beliefs, by exchanging information only with their neighbors. Each agent has sequentially arriving samples of its belief in an online manner. The neighbor relationships among the n agents are described by a graph which is possibly time-varying, whose vertices correspond to agents and whose edges depict neighbor relationships. Two distributed online algorithms are introduced for undirected and directed graphs, which are both shown to converge to the average belief almost surely. Moreover, the sequences generated by both algorithms are shown to reach consensus with an O(1/t) rate with high probability, where t is the number of iterations. For undirected graphs, the corresponding algorithm is modified for the case with quantized communication and limited precision of the division operation. It is shown that the modified algorithm causes all n agents to either reach a quantized consensus or enter a small neighborhood around the average of their beliefs. Numerical simulations are then provided to corroborate the theoretical results.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability Following Topsoil Application of Mineral and Organomineral Fertilisers (OMF)

The aim of this study was to determine the availability of N and P resulting from the soil application of a novel organomineral fertiliser (OMF15 – 15:4:4) reported in earlier studies, in comparison with urea (46% N) and single superphosphate (SSP – 0:18:0). A sandy loam and a clay loam soils were incubated over a period of 90 days at 25 degrees Celsius. N and P (as P2O5) were applied at rates equivalent to 0 (control), 150 and 300 kg ha-1 and the soils maintained near field capacity. The majority of the N was released from OMF15 within 30 from application (range 40%-72% of total OMF-N applied) with a further 10% to 28% in the following 60 to 90 days. OMF15 required an accumulated thermal time of 2250 doC to release between 68% and 79% of the total OMF-N applied. From this, it was suggested that mineralisation of the organic-N fraction in the OMF would progress beyond the harvest of winter cereal crops in-field conditions in the UK. The availability of P from OMF15 was low throughout the experiment ranging from -5.6% to 6.4% (% of total OMF-P applied). Despite this, a change in soil-P index from 5 to 6 was observed after the 90 days incubation period but the overall increase in soil-P status was marginal in both soils. For SSP, P-availability ranged from 16% to 46% (% of total SSP-P applied). The application of SSP induced a significant (p<0.001) increase in soil-P levels compared with the controls which led to an overall increase in soil-P index from 5 to 6. The results of this study aided the development of a strategy for the use of OMF in winter cereal crops.
Mapping social vulnerability to flood hazard in Norfolk, England

In this paper, we present a method to assess social vulnerability through the creation of an Open Source Vulnerability Index (OS-VI). The OS-VI provides context to environmental hazards and allows NGOs and local agencies to better tailor services and provide targeted pre-emptive vulnerability reduction and resilience-building programmes. A deductive indicator-based approach is utilised to incorporate a wide range of vulnerability indicators known to influence vulnerability. Unlike many vulnerability indices, the OS-VI incorporates flood risk as well as the loss of capabilities and the importance of key services (health facilities and food stores) through the measurement of accessibility when determining an area's level of social vulnerability. The index was developed using open-source mapping and analysis software and is composed completely of open-source data from national data sets. The OS-VI was designed at the national level, with data for all proxy indicators available across the entirety of England and Wales. For this paper, a case study is presented concerned with one English county, Norfolk. Highlights We produce an open-source vulnerability index. Accessibility to health care found to be severely affected by flooding. High vulnerability areas found to be disproportionately impacted by flooding. Urban extent of an area found to increase its level of vulnerability. Flood affected areas more likely to be composed of elderly, sick and poor.
Emerging Multinationals from Mid‐Range Economies: The Influence of Institutions and Factor Markets

This paper revisits and extends our earlier work (in 2005) in the pages of this journal. We argue that there is a need for more fine-grained understanding of the country context along two dimensions: (1) institutional development and (2) infrastructure and factor market development. Specifically, we propose an enriched typology of emerging economies with a focus on mid-range emerging economies, which are positioned between traditional emerging economies and newly developed economies. Then we examine new multinationals from these mid-range emerging economies that have internationalized both regionally and globally. We outline directions for further research based on this typology in terms of (1) government influence, (2) resource orchestration, (3) market entry, and (4) corporate governance regarding the internationalization strategy of these emerging multinationals from mid-range economies.
Can we alter youth athlete's landing strategy in a stop-jump movement?

School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Australia, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Australia
Prenatal Vitamin E Treatment Improves Lung Growth in Fetal Rats with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Title Prenatal Vitamin E Treatment Improves Lung Growth in Fetal Rats with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Author(s) Yoshimura, Shuichiro; Masuzaki, Hideaki; Nakayama, Daisuke; Kitajima, Michio; Yoshida, Atsushi; Ishimaru, Tadayuki Citation Acta medica Nagasakiensia. 2002, 47(3-4), p.117-121 Issue Date 2002-12-17 URL http://hdl.handle. net/10069/16221 Right NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Academic Output SITE
Degradation of cockroach allergen Bla g 2: does the amount of the allergen increase after partial microbial degradation of faeces?

Microbial degradation of German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) faeces was observed under laboratory conditions at 15 C and 30 C during 84 and 168 days. The degree of degradation and microbial growth were visualized by scanning electron microscopy and by biochemical analyses and correlated to the amount of the major allergen Bla g 2. In degraded and control faeces just after defaecation, the amount of Bla g 2 was assayed by commercial ELISA kit. In addition the total proteins, áamylase, á and â glucosidases activities were compared. The amount of total proteins as well as enzymatic activities decreased in the extracts from degraded faeces. Alltogether with the visualization of fungal decomposers by SEM it indicates the microbial degradation of faeces and denaturation of the protein components depend on temperature. On the contrary, the amount of Bla g 2 after faeces degradation was negatively correlated to the degree of faeces hydrolyses. We hypothesize that microbial enzymes hydrolyze the proteins in the faeces and thus unmask epitopes accessible for binding by a monoclonal antibody in ELISA assay.
How Does Trust in Teams, Team Identification, and Organisational Identification Impact Trust in Organisations?

This paper provides experimental evidence that visual representation of strategy and related concepts increases the probability of updating the cognitive frames of small entrepreneurs. An original strategy mapping technique and Osterwalder and Pigneur’s (2010) business model canvas were used to help 42 small entrepreneurs to critically review their current strategies and choices. A questionnaire about perceptions of the external environment and internal structure was submitted to the participants before and after the experiment. The same questionnaire was submitted twice to a matched control group of 50 SME entrepreneurs who were not involved in any activity. The results show that involvement in the visualization experiment significantly increased the probability of the participant changing perceptions on strategic issues, with a stronger impact for strategy mapping. The results are interpreted as indicative of a positive contribution of visual representation in strategy renewal.
Spatially and Temporally Variable Fire Regime on Rincon Peak, Arizona, USA

Spatial and temporal patterns of fire history are affected by factors such as topography, vegetation, and climate. It is unclear, however, how these factors influenced fire history patterns in small isolated forests, such as that found on Rincon Peak, a “sky island” mountain range in southern Arizona, USA. We reconstructed the fire history of Rincon Peak to evaluate the influences of broad-scale (i.e., climate) versus local-scale (i.e., topographic) factors on fire occurrence and extent. We evaluated both fire scars and tree demography (natality and mortality) to investigate surface fire and crown fire events. The fire history of a 310 ha study area surrounding the top of Rincon Peak was reconstructed by tree-ring sampling in 21 plots. Between 1648 and 1763, spreading fires on Rincon Peak were controlled primarily by regional climate. Widespread surface fires occurred during drought years, and were generally synchronized with regional fire events known from an extensive network of other fire history studies. After 1763, fire extent was apparently limited by local factors (i.e., fuels) as frequent fires continued to burn, but were limited to the southern part of the study area until a widespread fire occurred in 1819. Landscape fires (i.e., fires that scarred ≥2 plots) were absent from the entire study area between 1819 and 1867 despite continued burning in adjacent mountain ranges. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the 1867 fire was both a surface and a stand-replacing event that killed most trees within a 60 ha patch. Our findings suggest that past climatic variations had important effects on fire regimes and age structures of small, fragmented ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) landscapes like Rincon Peak. Given anticipated climate changes, the rich biodiversity harbored in these steep, isolated landscapes will be critical habitat in the migration of species and should therefore be considered high conservation priority.
North-South Technology Diffusion: How Important Are Trade, FDI and International Telecommunications?

There is an influential literature studying the impact on total factor productivity (TFP) of foreign technology obtained through imports (trade). This paper builds on that literature and is a first attempt to examine the effects on TFP in the South of technology developed in the North that is diffused not only through international trade, but also through foreign direct investment (FDI) and international telecommunications (ITC) measured in call traffic. For developing countries in the South, we construct trade-related, FDI-related and ITC-related North foreign RD (ii) the effects on TFP through ITC-related foreign RD and (iii) the effects on TFP of traderelated North foreign R&D are primarily driven by the growth in developing countries’ trade-to-GDP ratios, while the effects from ITC-related North foreign R&D are largely due to the growth in the Northern R&D stocks.
The effects of dietary whey protein concentrate level on performance, selected intestinal tract and blood parameters, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the liver and breast meat of broiler chickens.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two levels of whey protein concentrate (WPC, 80.35% protein, 5.86% lactose) added to diets and duration of these treatments on growth and slaughter value, haematological parameters involved in immune processes, oxidative status of liver and breast muscle, and selected indices of gut function of broilers. A total of 560 Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated into 7 groups with 10 replicates of 8 chickens per replicate. The experiment lasted 42 days and was divided into 3 successive feeding phases. The control group was fed basal diets consisted of maize, wheat and soyabean meal (C group). The other 6 groups received, for 7, 21 and 42 days basal diets with 8 or 32 g · kg -1 WPC added at the expense of soyabean meal (WL and WH groups, respectively). On day 42 group WH had a higher lymphocyte percentage (P < 0.05) compared to the control. The long-term (42 days) feeding with higher level of WPC significantly decreased the heterophile/lymphocyte ratio ( P < 0.05 vs C). The number of erythrocytes on day 42 and the whole blood glucose on day 21 were significantly increased in WH birds than in controls. The concentration of serum total protein on both WPC levels was greater (P < 0.05) on day 21 compared with the C group. The reduction (P < 0.05) in liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and a tendency towards lower TBARS level in breast meat were observed in birds WH when fed for 42 days. Only higher dietary WPC amount provided for 42 days reduced the caecal and small intestinal pH values (P < 0.05 vs C). The ileal digestibility of crude protein was higher (P < 0.01) in birds fed with 32 g WPC during the first 21 days of life, compared to the C and WL treatments. The factorial ANOVA showed that on days 7, 21 and 42 the final body weight gain (BGW) and feed conversion ratio in broilers WL and WH were significantly better than in the C ones. Assessment of orthogonal contrasts revealed significantly higher ( P < 0.05) final BWG in the WH broilers, compared to the WL dietary treatment; such effect was not observed in earlier feeding stages. Generally, carcass yield on both WPC dietary levels, and breast muscle percentage on WH treatment, were higher (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) compare to the C group. In conclusion, WPC added to a conventional diets for growing chickens exerts a growth-promoting action and at a dose of 32 g · kg -1 may induce desirable changes in bird's health and the
Rigorous plasticity solutions for the bearing capacity of two-layered clays

This paper applies numerical limit analysis to evaluate the undrained bearing capacity of a rigid surface footing resting on a two-layer clay deposit. Rigorous bounds on the ultimate bearing capacity are obtained by employing finite elements in conjunction with the upper and lower bound limit theorems of classical plasticity. Both methods assume a perfectly plastic soil model with a Tresca yield criterion and generate large linear programming problems. The solution to the lower bound linear programming problem is obtained by modelling a statically admissible stress field, whereas the upper bound problem is solved through modelling a kinematically admissible velocity field. Results from the limit theorems typically bracket the true collapse load to within approximately 12%, and have been presented in the form of bearing capacity factors based on various layer properties and geometries. A comparison is made between existing limit analysis, empirical and semi-empirical solutions. This indicates that the latt.
Income Smoothing and the Cost of Debt and Credit Ratings

The goal of this research is to examine the effect of income smoothing on the cost of debt and the credit rating. The statistic community is the accepted firms in Tehran’s stock exchange during 1385- 1389, that the statistic sample has chosen from them. Also in this research we used Jones’ modified model for measuring the discretionary accruals (measure of income smoothing). And we used regression analysis for testing the research hypothesis. The results of this research show that there is significant and negative relation between income smoothing and cost of debt. And also there is significant and direct relation between income smoothing and firm’s credit rating.
Managerial Entrenchment and Capital Structure Decision: A Case of Nepal

This paper tests the influence of managerial entrenchment and capital structure decisions using Nepalese firms' data and executives view. A majority of earlier studies show that firm leverage is negatively associated with the degree of entrenchment of managers. This study examines whether or not this is consistent in the context of Nepal. The data were taken from top listed companies on NEPSE, pharmaceuticals companies registered in Department of Drug Administration and other non-listed companies. To achieve the objective of the study, a descriptive and causal comparative research design has been administered. The managerial entrenchment index has been calculated using Principal Component Analysis. The major finding of the study shows that the managerial entrenchment increases as the percentage of CEO ownership rises. There exists positive association of managerial entrenchment and CEO percent ownership which suggests that increase in equity holding by CEO or top executives leads to lower shareholder rights or higher managerial entrenchment.
Changes in physicochemical properties of soil encourage the invasion establishment and carbon dynamics of Lantana camara from Doon Valley, western Himalaya, India.

A bstract - Lantana camara L. is a recognized weed of worldwide significance due to its widespread distribution and impacts on nature conservation. In this study physicochemical properties of soil were analysed from different high and low Lantana infested areas. Significant site effect was frequently observed than effect due to invasion status. The present study tested the impact of soil properties in the measured and calculated attributes of Lantana by randomly sampling soil from the highly invaded and less invaded sites in different habitats using the Modified Whittaker plot design. Ten samples were collected at high invaded and ten at less invaded sites per habitat totalling to 120 which were obtained and analysed. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) results indicated that edaphic factors such as soil pH, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon, Phosphorus and Potassium content positively influenced the growth of Lantana and helped in the further invasion process. These factors were also positively influencing the measured and calculated attributes of Lantana such as canopy coverage, average crown diameter, shrub canopy area, phytovolume and biomass from all sites. However some attributes like shrub height and stem diameter were negatively influenced by these soil factors. The level of these soil nutrients was found elevated in all Lantana invaded sites as compared to less invaded sites. The present results reveal that Lantana invasion can not only significantly improve the soil nutrient level but also positively increase the chances of its further invasion with more copious plant attributes.
Moderating role of affectivity in career resilience and career anchors

This study explored the moderating role of positive affect and negative affect in the link between employees’ career resilience and their career anchors . A convenience sample (N=143) of predominantly black African people (86%) and staff level (80%) employees with more than 10 years of service (60%) participated in the study (mean age: 41 years; men: 52%; women: 48%) . Correlational analysis showed significant associations between the variables . Hierarchical moderated regression analysis indicated low positive affect as a significant moderator of the career resilience-managerial competence career anchor relationship . High negative affect and low negative affect significantly weakened the career resilience-entrepreneurial creativity, career resilience-pure challenge and career resilience-lifestyle relationships . The findings add new insights that may be useful for career development support programmes in the contemporary workplace .