Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 223 evolved stars with and without planets

Aims. We present fundamental stellar parameters, chemical abundances, and rotational velocities for a sample of 86 evolved stars with planets (56 giants; 30 subgiants), and for a control sample of 137 stars (101 giants; 36 subgiants) without planets. The analysis was based on both high signal-to-noise and resolution echelle spectra. The main goals of this work are i) to investigate chemical differences between evolved stars that host planets and those of the control sample without planets; ii) to explore potential differences between the properties of the planets around giants and subgiants; and iii) to search for possible correlations between these properties and the chemical abundances of their host stars. Implications for the scenarios of planet formation and evolution are also discussed. Methods. The fundamental stellar parameters (Teff ,l ogg ,[ Fe/H], ξt) were computed homogeneously using the FUNDPAR code. The chemical abundances of 14 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, and Ba) were obtained using the MOOG code. Rotational velocities were derived from the full width at half maximum of iron isolated lines. Results. In agreement with previous studies, we find that subgiants with planets are, on average, more metal-rich than subgiants without planets by ∼0.16 dex. The [Fe/H] distribution of giants with planets is centered at slightly subsolar metallicities and there is no metallicity enhancement relative to the [Fe/H] distribution of giants without planets. Furthermore, contrary to recent results, we do not find any clear difference between the metallicity distributions of stars with and without planets for giants with M� > 1.5 M� . With regard to the other chemical elements, the analysis of the [X/Fe] distributions shows differences between giants with and without planets for some elements, particularly V, Co, and Ba. Subgiants with and without planets exhibit similar behavior for most of the elements. On the other hand, we find no evidence of rapid rotation among the giants with planets or among the giants without planets. Finally, analyzing the planet properties, some interesting trends might be emerging: i) multi-planet systems around evolved stars show a slight metallicity enhancement compared with single-planet systems; ii) planets with a 0.5 AU orbit subgiants with [Fe/H] > 0 and giants hosting planets with a 1A U have [Fe/H] < 0; iii) higher-mass planets tend to orbit more metal-poor giants with M� ≤ 1.5 M� , whereas planets around subgiants seem to follow the planet-mass metallicity trend observed on dwarf hosts; iv) [X/Fe] ratios for Na, Si, and Al seem to increase with the mass of planets around giants; v) planets orbiting giants show lower orbital eccentricities than those orbiting subgiants and dwarfs, suggesting a more efficient tidal circularization or the result of the engulfment of close-in planets with larger eccentricities.
Soil Property and Class Maps of the Conterminous United States at 100-Meter Spatial Resolution

With growing concern for the depletion of soil resources, conventional soil maps need to be updated and provided at finer and finer resolutions to be able to support spatially explicit human-landscape models. Three US soil point datasets-the National Cooperative Soil Survey Characterization Database, the National Soil Information System, and the Rapid Carbon Assessment dataset-were combined with a stack of over 200 environmental datasets and gSSURGO polygon maps to generate complete coverage gridded predictions at 100-m spatial resolution of six soil properties (percentage of organic C, total N, bulk density, pH, and percentage of sand and clay) and two US soil taxonomic classes (291 great groups [GGs] and 78 modified particle size classes [mPSCs]) for the conterminous United States. Models were built using parallelized random forest and gradient boosting algorithms as implemented in the ranger and xgboost packages for R. Soil property predictions were generated at seven standard soil depths (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 100, and 200 cm). Prediction probability maps for US soil taxonomic classifications were also generated. Cross validation results indicated an out-of-bag classification accuracy of 60% for GGs and 66% for mPSCs; for soil properties, RMSE for leave-location-out cross-validation was 0.74 (R2 = 0.68), 17.8 wt% (R2 = 0.57), 12 wt% (R2 = 0.46), 3.63 wt% (R2 = 0.41), 0.2 g cm-3 (R2 = 0.42), and 0.27 wt% (R2 = 0.39) for pH, percent sand and clay, weight percentage of organic C, bulk density, and weight percentage of total N, respectively. Nine independent validation datasets were used to assess prediction accuracies for soil class models, and results ranged between 24 and 58% and between 24 and 93% for GG and mPSC prediction accuracies, respectively. Although mapping accuracies were variable and likely lower than gSSURGO in some areas, this modeling approach can enable easier integration of soil information with spatially explicit models compared with multicomponent map units.
Evidence for seed transmission and symptomless growth of Ramularia collo-cygni in barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Ramularia collo-cygni (Rcc) is becoming an increasing problem for barley growers across Europe. However, the life cycle of the pathogen is only slowly being elucidated. In this study, Rcc DNA was detected in a number of harvested seed samples from 1999 to 2010, with mean levels peaking in winter barley samples in 2009. A number of experiments were carried out to determine whether the pathogen could move from barley seed to seedlings, and also from seed through the developing plant and into the subsequent generation of seed, both in controlled experiments and in ﬁeld trials. Results from testing of seed indicated that the fungus is widespread at the end of the growing season in harvested grain samples and can be transmitted to developing plants from infected seed stock. Examination of infected seedlings did not reveal the presence of spores but fungal structures were found within the leaf. The location of the fungus within seed was examined, with Rcc DNA found in both embryo and non-embryo tissue. The implications for barley production of the pathogen being seedborne are discussed.
Takeover Defenses : Entrenchment and Efficiency 1

This paper explores the potential role of takeover defenses in long-term value creation. Takeover defenses have long been viewed as detrimental to firm performance. They can lead to managerial entrenchment and the associated ills of shirking, empire building and enjoying perks. However, takeover defenses can also make managers less susceptible to short-term pressures, allowing them to more effectively pursue long-term value creation. This suggests that takeover defenses can benefit firms if used wisely. In this study, using multiple approaches we find that firms with takeover defenses and long-term focus enjoy higher levels of Tobin’s Q as compared with their counterparts that do not have takeover defenses in place. Our results are in contrast to much of the earlier research that documents empirical evidence of the negative consequences of takeover defenses. Further, we find that protected firms with long-term focus are less likely to manage earnings to meet short-term benchmarks as compared with their unprotected counterparts. This evidence is consistent with the argument that takeover defenses can ameliorate short-term pressures. In addition, they have a higher earnings response coefficient which suggests that markets perceive their surprises to be more persistent.
The Knee Can kinematic tibial templates assist the surgeon locating the fl exion and extension plane of the knee ?

Article history: Received 16 September 2016 Received in revised form 11 July 2017 Accepted 16 July 2017 Available online xxxx Purpose: We performed virtual feasibility and in-vivo validation studies to test whether the use of a kinematic tibial template (KTT) assists the surgeon in accurately locating the orientation of the F-E of the knee with low bias and high precision. Methods: With use of 166 3-dimensional bone models of normal knees, we designed seven KTTs that located the orientation of the F-E plane of the knee when best-fit within the cortical edge of the tibial resection. The virtual feasibility study asked 11 evaluators with different levels of surgical experience to use software and select, orient, and best-fit the KTT within the tibial resection of each bone model. The in-vivo validation study analyzed tibial component rotation on postoperative CT scans of 118 consecutive patients after one surgeon set the I-E rotation of the tibial component with a KTT when performing kinematically-aligned TKA. Bias and precision were computed as the mean and standard deviation of the differences between the A-P axis of the KTT and the F-E plane of the knee. Results: For the virtual feasibility study, the bias was 0.7° external and the precision was ±4.6° for 1826 KTT fittings, which were not affected by the level of surgical experience. For the in-vivo validation study, the bias was 0.1° external and the precision was ±3.9°. Conclusions: The virtual feasibility and in-vivo validation studies suggest a KTT can assist the surgeon in accurately setting the I-E rotation of the tibial component parallel to the F-E plane of the knee when performing kinematically-aligned TKA. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Habitat use by western purple-faced langurs Trachypithecus vetulus nestor (Colobinae) in a fragmented suburban landscape.

As natural habitats around the globe disappear, humans and non-human primates become increasingly engaged in complex interactions, both peaceful and hostile. Sri Lanka's endemic western purple-faced langur Trachypithecus vetulus nestor persists in the majority of its range in complete sympatry with humans. Listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN and one of the world's top 25 most endangered primates, their survival appears dependent on the tolerance of humans with whom they coexist. Our aims were to augment the limited information on T. v. nestor focusing on group composition and behavioural adaptations in relation to its heavily fragmented habitat. Research was carried out in Talangama Wetlands, Sri Lanka in 2007. The 5 groups varied in size from 11 to 19 individuals Monkeys regularly used fences, rooftops, power lines, and agricultural trees. Two groups of 19 and 16 individuals had home ranges of 3.06 and 2.86 ha respectively. They consumed a variety of foods including fruits, showing dietary flexibility; the fruits and leaves of Arc- tocarpus heterophyllus were the langurs' most frequently consumed foods. The langurs seem to be adapting to these human-modified environments. Notwithstanding, areas for concern include poten- tially fatal dangers when crossing between fragments, increasing human-primate conflict and inter- group conflict, and permanent genetic isolation.
Competitiveness and Technological Upgrading in Global Value Chains: Evidence from the Indonesian Electronics and Garment Sectors

Indonesia is a rapidly growing and internationally competitive economy that is well integrated into globalized production systems. The global value chain (GVC) model has proven to be a popular analytical framework to explain how global lead firms structure and organize global production through dispersed global suppliers. Indonesia's leading export sectors, garments and electronics, are well integrated into GVCs. Engagement in GVCs, often led by leading global brands, is seen as a basis for local producers to become globally competitive and to grow. It also comes with challenges—local producers must meet the demanding pressures from lead firms on prices, on-time delivery, product quality, and social, environmental and labour standards. The possibilities for local producers to learn, acquire new capabilities and upgrade to enhance their competitiveness are often conditioned by the nature of ties that they have with their global lead firms. Yet, this paper argues, the GVC model fails to recognize agency on the part of local firms in this learning process. Moreover, particular forms of governance arrangements within GVC ties can restrict the prospects for local producers to enhance capabilities and upgrade. Drawing on selected case study evidence from the Indonesian garments and electronics sectors, the paper explores the relationship between distinct types of GVC engagements and firm-level learning and upgrading, and considers how some GVC ties may restrict upgrading.
Holonic Management Systems for Resilient Operation of Buildings

Building management systems monitor and control building performances in real-time. Most control systems, which have been developed in the last decade, achieve the required performances relying on a centralised and hierarchical framework. In the regular operation phase, these systems are usually able to efficiently reach their goals, whereas they often fail to stick to pre-determined targets in the presence of unforeseen disturbances. As a matter of fact, traditional control systems suffer complex unforeseen scenarios that cannot be modelled by the analytics and knowledge integrated in these systems, because hierarchical systems strive to keep full control at any level. As an alternative, holonic management systems, which have been successfully applied in the manufacturing field, can tackle this type of drawbacks. The flexibility of their elementary units, the holons, makes it possible to avoid the rigid structure of hierarchical systems so as to respond quickly to disturbances and dynamically re-arrange their structure. In this paper, a first holonic computing structure is developed for indoor comfort management in an office room. The structure developed can drive both the operation management phase and the mediumand long-term measurement of performances. The former is implemented by means of a sequence of specific minimum cost actions which is based on the overall throughput effectiveness (OTE) metrics. The latter exploits the same OTE metrics to suggest corrective and improvement actions. Finally, OTE diagnoses are re-directed to a BIM model to support decision making for long-term improvement actions on the building facility.
Cultural Dispositions , Social Networks , and the Dynamics of Social Influence : Implications for Public Opinion and Cultural Change

Cultures differ in dispositional tendencies that have implications for social relationships and social influence. What are the further implications of these cultural differences for changes in public opinion and popular beliefs over time? We used computational modeling methods to address this question. We modeled (a) cultural differences in extraversion and conformity, (b) the effects of extraversion on the emergent geometry of social networks, and (c) the further effects of both extraversion and conformity on the dynamics of social influence within these social networks. By doing so, we examined effects of cultural differences on two population-level outcomes that emerged over time: (a) The consolidation of opinion majorities into bigger majorities; and (b) the spread of initially unpopular beliefs. Results (compiled across more than 100000 computer simulations) revealed effects of both extraversion and conformity on these outcomes. More highly extraverted cultures were more prone to the consolidation of majorities, and were more resistant to the spread of initially unpopular beliefs. More highly conformist cultures were more prone to the consolidation of majorities, and (perhaps counterintuitively) were more susceptible to the spread of initially unpopular beliefs. These results suggest that contemporary cultural differences in psychological traits may have non-obvious consequences for the temporal dynamics of cultural evolution and societal change. They also highlight the utility of computational models as a means of predicting these long-term consequences.
Systems / Circuits Activity of Tachykinin 1-Expressing Pet 1 Raphe Neurons Modulates the Respiratory Chemoreflex

Homeostatic control of breathing, heart rate, and body temperature relies on circuits within the brainstem modulated by the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). Mounting evidence points to specialized neuronal subtypes within the serotonergic neuronal system, borne out in functional studies, for the modulation of distinct facets of homeostasis. Such functional differences, read out at the organismal level, are likely subserved by differences among 5-HT neuron subtypes at the cellular and molecular levels, including differences in the capacity to coexpress other neurotransmitters such as glutamate, GABA, thyrotropin releasing hormone, and substance P encoded by the Tachykinin-1 (Tac1) gene. Here, we characterize in mice a 5-HT neuron subtype identified by expression of Tac1 and the serotonergic transcription factor gene Pet1, referred to as the Tac1-Pet1 neuron subtype. Transgenic cell labeling showed Tac1-Pet1 soma resident largely in the caudal medulla. Chemogenetic [clozapine-N-oxide (CNO)-hM4Di] perturbation of Tac1-Pet1 neuron activity blunted the ventilatory response of the respiratory CO2 chemoreflex, which normally augments ventilation in response to hypercapnic acidosis to restore normal pH and PCO2. Tac1-Pet1 axonal boutons were found localized to brainstem areas implicated in respiratory modulation, with highest density in motor regions. These findings demonstrate that the activity of a Pet1 neuron subtype with the potential to release both 5-HT and substance P is necessary for normal respiratory dynamics, perhaps via motor outputs that engage muscles of respiration and maintain airway patency. These Tac1-Pet1 neurons may act downstream of Egr2-Pet1 serotonergic neurons, which were previously established in respiratory chemoreception, but do not innervate respiratory motor nuclei.
Photochemistry of ozone over the western Pacific from winter to spring

[1] Aircraft measurements of ozone (O3) and its precursors, including NO, CO, H2O, and nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), were made over the western Pacific in the 20°– 45°N latitude range in January and April–May 2002 during the Pacific Exploration of Asian Continental Emission (PEACE)-A and B campaigns. These measurements have provided data sets that, in combination with Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) data taken in March 2001, enable studies of O3 photochemistry from winter to late spring. A photochemical box model is used to calculate ozone formation (F(O3)) and destruction (D(O3)) rates constrained by the observed species concentrations. The values of F(O3) and D(O3) are controlled directly by NO, J(O1D) (O3 photolysis frequency), H2O, OH, and HO2. Changes in HO2 concentration cause corresponding changes in both F(O3) and D(O3), leading to their coupling. Concentrations of these species, which are strongly influenced by photochemistry and transport from the Asian continent, underwent large seasonal variations. In the boundary layer (0–3 km), NO was much higher in January than in April–May, because of stronger winds, lower convective activities, and lower oxidation rates by OH in winter. The net O3 formation rate, given by P(O3) = F(O3) − D(O3), was largely positive in the boundary layer at 30°–45°N (1.5 − 4 ppbv d−1) in January, mainly because of high NO and low H2O values. Net O3 formation continued from January to the end of March, demonstrating that the western Pacific is an important O3 source region during this season. Net O3 formation nearly ceased by late April/May because of the decrease in NO and the increase in H2O. In the latitude range of 20°–30°N, P(O3) in the boundary layer was positive in January and turned negative by March. The earlier transition was mainly due to lower NO and higher H2O concentrations, combined with weaker transport and higher temperatures than those at 30°–45°N. The upper troposphere (6–12 km) has been shown to be a region of net O3 formation throughout most of the year because of high NO and low H2O. The present study illustrates that a decrease in the net O3 formation rate at 20°–45°N latitude from winter to late spring is explained systematically by the increases in J(O1D), H2O, OH, and HO2 (primarily due to increases in temperature and solar radiation) and the decrease in NO (primarily due to decrease in transport from the Asian continent). Differences in the seasonal variation of O3 photochemistry observed over the North American continent are interpreted in terms of the differences in factors controlling O3 formation and destruction.
Effect of Post Harvest Treatment on Stored Cherry Tomatoes

Cherry tomatoes are grown for its edible fruits, which can be consumed either fresh as a salad or after cooking as snacks. Cherry tomato is a store house of antioxidants such as Lycopene, ascorbic acid and phenolics.The study was conducted to undertake the effect of storage conditions on the post harvest quality of Cherry tomato cv. Marilee red (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) harvested at pink stages. The experiment consisted of three post harvest treatments comprising fruits dipped in cold water for five minutes (control), fruits dipped in CaCl2 @ 2% and fruits dipped in acetic acid @ 5%. Fruits imposed with post harvest treatments were stored at ambient (temperature 25°C ± 2 and relative humidity approx. 75 ± 5%) and cold storage conditions (10°C ± 2). Physico-chemical changes recorded on 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 days of storage. Lycopene, ascorbic acid and total sugar changes recorded on 0, 4, 9, 14 days of storage. The data on physical characteristics (firmness, taste, juiciness, decay, colour, gloss, uniformity, shrivel) were recorded. CaCl2 was the best treatment followed by control and acetic acid treatment. Significant differences observed among the chemical parameters due to various post harvest treatments and storage conditions. CaCl2 had highest ascorbic acid, lycopene content and had lowest PLW, moisture content. Acetic acid had highest PLW, titratable acidity, moisture content and lowest TSS, lycopene, total sugar content. Control had highest TSS, total sugar content, lowest titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content at ambient and cold temperatures. TSS and acidity contents increased rapidly initially, but started decreasing gradually afterwards in all storage treatment. CaCl2 was found highly effective in controlling storage loss as well as in maintaining the quality of the produce during storage. Although the ascorbic acid registered a decrease during storage, it could still contribute significantly towards the dietary intakes.