Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE MICROLEAKAGE OF POLYCARBOXYLATE, GLASS IONOMER AND ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENTS FOR STAINLESS STEEL CROWNS OF PULPOTOMIZED PRIMARY MOLARS

Article history: Received: 5 Mar 2012 Accepted:25 July 2012 Available online: 15 Oct 2012 ZJRMS 2013; 15(1): 6-9 Background: Microleakage in Stainless Steel Crowns (SSC) margins leads to seepage of oral fluids and bacteria and it is one of the reasons for treatments failures. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of zinc phosphate, glass Ionomer and polycarboxylate cements on microleakage of stainless steel crowns for primary pulpotomized molar teeth. Materials and Methods: In this experimental in vitro study, 60 extracted primary molar teeth were randomly divided in to three groups (n=20). Stainless steel crowns were fitted for each tooth after pulpotomy procedures. Crowns were luted with a zinc phosphate, glass ionomer or polycarboxylate cement. All specimens were stored in 100% humidity at 37o C for 1 hour and termocycled 500 times (5oC to 55oC) with a 30 seconds dwell time and then immersed in 0.5% basic fuschin solution for 24 hours. The specimens were sectioned buccolingually and each section was evaluated for microleakage under a stereomicroscope Results: In zinc phosphate group 45% of spicemens and in glass ionomer group there was 5% of spicemens showed leakage extending on to occlusal aspect and in polycarboxylate group none of the spicemens had this situation. According to the kruskal wallis test in all groups there were significant differences in microleakage (p< 0.001).
Production of c 9 , t 11-and t 10 , c 12-conjugated Linoleic Acids in Humans by Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL 60

Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL60 was tested for whether it can produce c9,t11and t10,c12-conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) in human. After consumption of L. rhamnosus PL60, L. rhamnosus was detected in feces 1 week after the start of intake. Analysis by gas chromatography showed that concentrations of c9,t11and t10,c12-CLAs in serum had increased and concentrations of serum leptin had significantly decreased. Results showed that L. rhamnosus PL60 can survive in human intestines and produce CLAs in humans. This is the first report that bacteria can produce CLAs in humans.
Sign Registration in Daytime and Nighttime Driving

Drivers were stopped 200 m after passing a warning sign and were tested for recall and recognition of the sign. It was predicted that at night, when the view of the road ahead is severely restricted, sign registration levels would be higher than during the day, when drivers can obtain most of their information directly from their view of the road ahead. The results supported this hypothesis; sign recall levels ranged from 3 to 6% during the day and from 14 to 18% at night. Other variables that were measured (sign content, roadway environments, and subjective levels of fatigue and boredom) had no significant effects on sign registration.
Exploring the Nature and Reasons for Sexual Violence Within Marriage Among Young Women in Nepal

Sexual violence within marriage (SVWM) is a major public health and human right issue and yet remains a much neglected research area, especially in Nepal. An exploratory study using free listing, in-depth case histories and causal flow analysis was conducted among two major ethnic groups in Nepal. Descriptive data collected from free listing indicate that about half of the married women aged 15 to 24 years reported ever experiencing SVWM. Data revealed that the underlying reasons for SVWM are complex and complicated due to the multiple forms and contexts in which it occurs. For many couples, multiple factors alongside, and within, their socioeconomic and cultural contexts contribute to the risk of experiencing SVWM. Major factors escalating the risk to SVWM include gender norms, economic dependence of women, poverty, alcohol consumption of husband, lack of knowledge, social stigma, and lack of supportive familial and social environment. Raising awareness about sexual violence is required for its prevention and for managing the consequences. Further research is required to identify the determinants, the effects of SVWM on sexual and reproductive health outcomes and to help programs develop the best strategies for dealing with SVWM among young couples.
Motivational Differences in Seeking Out Evaluative Categorization Information

Previous research shows that people draw finer evaluative distinctions when rating liked versus disliked objects (e.g., wanting a 5-point scale to evaluate liked cuisines and a 3-point scale to rate disliked cuisines). Known as the preference-categorization effect, this pattern may exist not only in how individuals form evaluative distinctions but also in how individuals seek out evaluative information. The current research presents three experiments that examine motivational differences in evaluative information seeking (rating scales and attributes). Experiment 1 found that freedom of choice (the ability to avoid undesirable stimuli) and sensitivity to punishment (as measured by the Behavior Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System [BIS/BAS] scale) influenced preferences for desirable and undesirable evaluative information in a health-related decision. Experiment 2 examined choice optimization, finding that maximizers prefer finer evaluative information for both liked and disliked options in a consumer task. Experiment 3 found that this pattern generalizes to another type of evaluative categorization, attributes.
IF Impedance and Mixer Gain of Hot-Electron Bolometers and the Perrin-Varmeste Two Temperature Model

We have measured the frequency dependent IF impedance and mixer conversion gain of a small area NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB). The device used is a twin slot antenna coupled NbN HEB mixer with a bridge area of 1 x 0.15 mm, and a critical temperature of 8.3K. In the experiment the local oscillator (LO) frequency was 1.300 THz, and the intermediate frequency (IF) 0.05-10 GHz. We find that the measured data can be described in a self consistent manner with a thin film model presented by Nebosis, Semenov, Gousev, and Renk, that is based on the two temperature electron-phonon heat balance equations of Perrin-Vanneste. From these results the thermal time constant, governing the gain bandwidth of HEB mixers, is observed to not only be a function of the electron-phonon scattering time and phonon escape time, but also a function of electron temperature. The latter is due to the temperature dependence of the electron and phonon specific heat. Because hot electron bolometers nominally operate at, or slightly above, the critical temperature (TO of the superconducting film, where local resistivity as a function of electron temperature is largest, it follows that the critical temperature of the film plays an important role in determining the FMB mixer gain bandwidth. For an NbN based hot electron bolometer, the maximum predicted gain bandwidth is approximately 5.5 GHz, given a film thickness of 3.5 nm and a Tc=12K.
An open trial of light therapy for women with seasonal affective disorder and comorbid bulimia nervosa.

OBJECTIVE Many patients with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) have dysfunctional eating behaviors. Conversely, many women with bulimia nervosa have marked winter worsening of mood and bulimic symptoms. Controlled studies of light therapy in SAD and in bulimia nervosa have shown beneficial effects on mood and binge/purge symptoms. We explored the clinical use of light therapy in women with SAD who also had comorbid bulimia nervosa. METHOD Twenty-two female patients diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria with both bulimia nervosa and major depressive disorder with a seasonal (winter) pattern were treated with an open design, 4-week trial of light therapy (10,000 lux fluorescent light box with an ultraviolet filter, 30 to 60 minutes per day in the early morning). Patients were assessed before and after treatment with depression scales and with binge/purge diaries. RESULTS Light therapy resulted in significant improvement in mood, with a mean 56% reduction in 29-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores following treatment (p < .001). The frequency of binges and purges per week also significantly decreased (p < .001) from baseline by a mean of 46% and 36%, respectively. Two (9%) of 22 patients became abstinent of binge/ purge episodes, compared with 10 (45%) of 22 patients who met criteria for remission of depressive symptoms. The light therapy was well tolerated by patients. CONCLUSION These results suggest that therapeutic effects of light therapy on mood and bulimic symptoms in patients with SAD and comorbid bulimia nervosa are sustained over at least 4 weeks. However, the low abstinence rate in bulimic symptoms indicates that light therapy may be most effectively used as an adjunctive treatment to medications and/or psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa.
A new texture descriptor based on local micro-pattern for detection of architectural distortion in mammographic images

This paper presents a new local micro-pattern texture descriptor for the detection of Architectural Distortion (AD) in digital mammography images. AD is a subtle contraction of breast parenchyma that may represent an early sign of breast cancer. Due to its subtlety and variability, AD is more difficult to detect compared to microcalcifications and masses, and is commonly found in retrospective evaluations of false-negative mammograms. Several computer-based systems have been proposed for automatic detection of AD, but their performance are still unsatisfactory. The proposed descriptor, Local Mapped Pattern (LMP), is a generalization of the Local Binary Pattern (LBP), which is considered one of the most powerful feature descriptor for texture classification in digital images. Compared to LBP, the LMP descriptor captures more effectively the minor differences between the local image pixels. Moreover, LMP is a parametric model which can be optimized for the desired application. In our work, the LMP performance was compared to the LBP and four Haralick's texture descriptors for the classification of 400 regions of interest (ROIs) extracted from clinical mammograms. ROIs were selected and divided into four classes: AD, normal tissue, microcalcifications and masses. Feature vectors were used as input to a multilayer perceptron neural network, with a single hidden layer. Results showed that LMP is a good descriptor to distinguish AD from other anomalies in digital mammography. LMP performance was slightly better than the LBP and comparable to Haralick's descriptors (mean classification accuracy = 83%).
Prognostic evaluation of COX-2 expression in renal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) differs within the same stage and grade. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of COX-2 in primary RCC tumors at different stages according to the occurrence of metastasis, and the impact of this biomarker on the survival of RCC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The cytoplasmic/membranous COX-2 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in RCC tumors from 102 patients. The patients were divided into those with: no metastasis during 7.5 years' follow-up (nm), no metastasis at the time of nephrectomy but who later developed metastases (lm), and those with metastasis at presentation (pm). The immunoreactivity of COX-2 was classified as none (absent/weak intensity in fewer than 10% of the cancer cells), low (weak intensity in over 10% of the cancer cells) or high immunostaining (strong intensity in the majority of the cancer cells). In addition p53 and Ki-67 immunostaining was also assessed in tumors. RESULTS Percentages of COX-2 reaction were (no/low/high): 78/16/7 in the nm, 53/28/19 in the lm, 92/8/0 in the pm groups (p=0.014). Median metastasis-free survival was shorter in lm patients with COX-2-negative tumors when compared to those with COX-2-positive ones (15 vs. 46 months; p=0.020). Median overall survival was shorter in pm/lm patients with COX-2-negative tumors when compared to those with COX-2-positive ones (28 vs. 94 months; p=0.027), and with COX-2-negative/Ki-67-positive tumors when compared to COX-2-positive/Ki-67-negative ones (19 vs. 97 months; p=0.004). Findings for patients with COX-2-negative/p53-positive tumors were similar, with shorter survival compared to those with COX-2-positive/p53-negative ones (19 vs. 97; p=0.006). CONCLUSION COX-2 protein expression is associated with slow development of metastases, and favourable prognosis in metastatic RCC.
Title Truck fleet model for design and assessment of flexiblepavements

The mechanistic empirical method of flexible pavement design/assessment uses a large number of numerical truck model runs to predict a history of dynamic load. The pattern of dynamic load distribution along the pavement is a key factor in the design/ assessment of flexible pavement. While this can be measured in particular cases, there are no reliable methods of predicting the mean pattern for typical traffic conditions. A simple linear quarter car model is developed here which aims to reproduce the mean and variance of dynamic loading of the truck fleet at a given site. This probabilistic model reflects the range and frequency of the different heavy trucks on the road and their dynamic properties. Multiple Sensor Weigh-in-Motion data can be used to calibrate the model. Truck properties such as suspension stiffness, suspension damping, sprung mass, unsprung mass and tyre stiffness are represented as randomly varying parameters in the fleet model. It is used to predict the statistical distribution of dynamic load at each measurement point. The concept is demonstrated by using a pre-defined truck fleet to calculate a pattern of statistical spatial repeatability and is tested by using that pattern to find the truck statistical properties that generated it.
The Specificity of the WINROP Algorithm Can Be Significantly Increased by Reassessment of the WINROP Alarm

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a sight-threatening disease affecting extremely preterm infants. The introduction of new ROP screening surveillance systems, with higher sensitivity and specificity than established ROP screening guidelines, has the potential to reduce the number of stressful eye examinations in these infants. Objectives: To improve the specificity of the WINROP (Weight, Insulin-like growth factor-I, Neonatal, ROP) surveillance system, identifying extremely preterm infants requiring treatment for ROP. Methods: Two cohorts that had previously been subjected to WINROP analyses were included and reevaluated in this study. The weight at WINROP alarm for extremely preterm infants, born at gestational age <27 weeks, was reevaluated and by establishing ‘safe' WINROP alarm weight limits, an intersample reassessment of WINROP alarm was performed. The two cohorts were as follows: (1) the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS) cohort, infants born in Sweden during 2004-2007 (n = 407), and (2) extremely preterm infants in a North American cohort, born during 2006-2009 (n = 566). Results: In the EXPRESS cohort, 12.5% (40/319) of the infants who previously received a WINROP alarm were now reassessed as having no alarm; the specificity of WINROP in EXPRESS increased from 23.9% (86/360) to 35.0% (126/360). In the North American cohort, 15.4% (81/526) were reassessed as having no alarm; the specificity increased from 8.5% (38/447) to 26.6% (119/447). The sensitivity persisted as 97.5% in EXPRESS (45/47) and 98.3% (117/119) in the North American cohort. Conclusions: The specificity of the WINROP surveillance system for extremely preterm infants can be significantly improved by reassessment using the weight at WINROP alarm.
Palaeobiological Implications of the Bone Histology of Pterodaustro guinazui

This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the bone microstructure of multiple bones of the Early Cretaceous filter‐feeder, Pterodaustro guinazui, from the Largacito Formation of Central Argentina. We provide information regarding the bone histology of multiple elements from single skeletons, as well as a variety of bones from different individuals. In addition, we analysed changes in bone microstructure through ontogeny in growth series of several long bones of the taxon. Our investigation of skeletal and ontogenetic variation in Pterodaustro gives insights into the developmental growth dynamics of this unusual ctenochasmatid pterodactyloid from early ontogeny through to adulthood and also provides information pertaining to histological variability within and between bones of individuals. This study also documents the presence of what appears to be medullary bone tissue within the medullary cavity of a large femur of Pterodaustro. This suggests that, like birds, reproductively active female pterosaurs may have deposited a special bone tissue (medullary bone) to cope with the demand of calcium during eggshelling. Our study supports the hypothesis that small Jurassic pterodactyloids took several years to reach adult body size. More specifically, we provide data that suggests that Pterodaustro attained sexual maturity at about 2 years of age, and continued to grow for a further 3–4 years doubling in size before attaining skeletal maturity. Anat Rec, 292:1462–1477, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Penetration of host skin by cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. I. Observed entry into skin of mouse, hamster, rat, monkey and man.

A more thorough understanding of the means of entry, and the pattern and mechanism of migration of schistosomes through the skin of definitive hosts is essential to a comprehensive knowledge of host-schistosome relations. Although entry has been described in the skin of the various animals listed in Table I, the need for further study of this first step in the infection is accentuated by the disagreement over the point of entry of cercariae which has existed among workers on the schistosomes and which remains largely unresolved. Therefore, a comparative study was undertaken of the frequency of cercarial entry into unshaved skin of a variety of hosts, supplemented by observation of the means of entry and the pattern of peripheral migration. This paper reports the results of direct observation of entry
Investigation of the significance of a carbon and redox balanced to the measurement of gaseous metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A complete carbon and redox balance for Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in batch culture with ethanol as the limiting carbon and energy source is reported. A novel method, which allowed the determination of carbon dioxide contained in the culture medium and biomass, is described and revealed amounts considerably in excess of what was expected from equilibrium data. Furthermore, elemental composition of the biomass was used to calculate the amount of oxygen required for biosynthetic reactions. When these corrections are applied to experimentally measured gas metabolism data, apparently anomalous results are shown to be consistent with the overall metabolism of bakers' yeast. These findings have wide implications to the quantitative study of the metabolism and energetics of facultative aerobes.
Results of radiation therapy in carcinoma of the base of the tongue. The curie institute experience with about 166 cases

Between 1960 and 1980, 166 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue were treated with primary irradiation at the Curie Institute (Paris, France). Distribution according to the TNM system 1978 International Union Against Cancer (UICC) was the following: 22 T1 lesions, 47 T2 lesions, 64 T3 lesions, and 33 T4 lesions. Regional nodes were not palpable in 50 cases, 35 had N1 nodes, 12 had N2 nodes, and 69 had N3 nodes. All patients received external beam radiation. The 2‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year overall survival rates for all patients were, respectively, 45%, 37%, and 27%. Local control was significantly related to the initial status of the primary, to the tumor regression at the end of the radiation therapy, and to the histologic differentiation. The 2‐year local control was 96% for T1 lesions, 57% for T2 lesions, 45% for T3 lesions, and 23% for T4 lesions. Local control was 70% if the tumor regression was complete at the end of the treatment and 27% if the tumor regression was partial. No significant differences were found in primary local control with respect to degree of infiltration, age, and dose of radiation therapy over a dose of 60 Gy in 6 weeks. The 3‐year regional control was 86% for N0, 78% for N1, and 60% for N2 and N3. Among the tumor characteristics analyzed, the most useful ones for predicting local control and survival were clinical tumor staging parameters and tumor radiation‐induced regression. A new therapeutic approach based on the evaluation of the tumor regression at 50/55 Gy is under discussion.
Long-term outcome of surgically and medically treated patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: A matched-pair follow-up study

Objective. A recent randomized study has shown that the long-term effects of continuous medical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with a proton-pump inhibitor are comparable to those of open fundoplication. We compared the long-term effects of anti-reflux surgery with those of medical care according to clinical practice. Methods. This is a questionnaire-based 3–10 years follow-up study of 373 patients with GERD operated on in two hospitals with either open or laparoscopic fundoplication, and pair-matched non-operated controls treated medically according to clinical practice. The controls were matched for hospital, age, sex, follow-up time, degree of esophagitis, presence of hiatus hernia and Barrett's esophagus. The questionnaires used for symptoms and health-related quality of life (QoL) were the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale and the Psychological General Well-Being Index, respectively. Results. Response rates were about 80%, and 179 pairs of operated patients and controls remained for analysis (102 based on laparoscopic and 77 on open fundoplication). Independently of the surgical technique, the operated patients suffered at the follow-up from significantly (p<0.001) fewer reflux symptoms than the non-operated controls, the mean scores being 1.34 and 2.51, respectively. The operated patients suffered from slightly more symptoms of indigestion (p<0.05). No consistent significant differences between the groups were found for QoL. Significant differences in QoL in favor of the operated patients were found when dealing only with the 43 pairs with no concurrent disease. Conclusion. The study shows that in our area anti-reflux surgery is more effective in relieving reflux symptoms than medical care according to clinical practice.