Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Traffic Accidents in Turkey

Ozet Turkiye kuresel trafik kazasi olumlerinin neredeyse yarisini olusturan on ulke arasinda yer almaktadir. Siklilari, saglik ve ekonomik sonuclari acisindan trafik kazalarinin halk sagligi gundeminde oncelikli bir yeri olmalidir. Epidemiyolojik bakis acisiyla etken (arac), kisi ve cevre bilesenleri icinde trafik kazalarindan en cok kisi (surucu, yolcu, yaya) (% 99.12) sorumludur. Kaza istatistiklerine gore, % 95 orani ile, en buyuk kusur payi suruculerindir. Surucuye iliskin baslica hata etmenleri; hiz, alkol ve madde kullanimi, uyku ve yorgunluk, emniyet kemeri, cocuk oto koltugu ve kask kullanilmamasidir. Turkiye'de ilgili mevzuat gelistirilmistir ancak olmasi gerektigi gibi uygulanamamaktadir. Birlesmis Milletler, basta dusuk ve ona gelirli ulkeler olmak uzere tum dunyada trafik kazalarini ve kuresel hastalik yukunu azaltmak icin "Yol Guvenliginde Eylem On Yili" 2011-2020 kuresel plani gelistirmistir. Bu makalenin amaci, Turkiye'de yol guvenligi ve trafik kazalari sorununa dikkat cekmektir.
An Analysis of Influence of Business Simulation Games on Business School Students’ Attitude and Intention Toward Entrepreneurial Activities

Although research on entrepreneurial attitude and intention has received so much attention from scholars, only few studies have investigated the effect of value, usefulness, and pleasure associated with business simulation games, and how these values affect students’ attitude and intention toward entrepreneurial activities. In this study, Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behavior have been used in combination to explore how these technological teaching methods influence the attitude and intentions of the students toward entrepreneurial activities. The results show that all hypotheses have been proven by stating significant and positive students’ attitude and intention toward entrepreneurial activities using business simulation games. But subjective norms did not contribute toward student intentions in this regard. It is concluded that people with high uncertainty avoidance are reluctant to take the risk; therefore, there is a need to change their attitude by implementing entrepreneurial ecosystem in society.
Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Nosocomial Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units at Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt

Infection caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria is a serious problem especially for intensive care unit patients (ICU) throughout the world. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of nosocomial infections (NI), risk factors, bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibilities in the adult Intensive Care Units at Assiut University Hospitals to assist in planning hospital antibiotic policy. Nine hundred suspected cases of nosocomial infections were identified as per the CDC guidelines. Clinical specimens were collected according to the site of infection and traditional bacteriological identification was performed. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The rate of NIs among adult ICU patients was 15%. The commonest type of NI was lower respiratory tract infection (59.9%). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were gram negative bacteria (54.2%) amongst which, Klebsiella spp. was the most common. Gram positive bacteria accounted for 45.8% with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being the predominant (23.6%). The highly significant risk factors for acquiring nosocomial infections were: burns (odds ratio (OR), 3.48 %, confidence interval (CI), 1.20 - 10.12), endotracheal tubes (OR, 9.85; 95% CI, 5.36 - 18.11), mechanical ventilation (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.68 - 5.21), urinary catheters (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 2.5-3.1), intravenous catheters (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 2-2.7), and hospital stay for more than 2 weeks (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7). The majority of patients (72%) in the ICUs received one or more empirical antibiotics for prophylaxis. Various groups of antibiotics were commonly prescribed, with penicillins (32%) and cephalosporins (36.7%) being the most common. Most of the gram negative and positive bacteria showed high percentages of resistance to many groups of antibiotics. The best sensitivity was to imipenem, vancomycin and teicoplanin. We conclude that the prevalence of nosocomial infections in the adult ICUs at Assiut University Hospitals is considerable. Many risk factors for nosocomial infections were found. Empirical antibiotics were widely prescribed for prophylaxis with cephalosporins and penicillins being the commonest. Lower respiratory tract infection was the commonest nosocomial infection. Gram negative bacteria caused most of the nosocomial infections with Klebsiella spp. being the predominant. MRSA was the most commonest Gram positive bacteria isolated. All isolates showed very high resistance for most of the studied antibiotic groups. The best sensitivity was to imipenem, vancomycin and teicoplanine. These results may have important implications for formulating antibiotic policies in order to lower the frequency of antimicrobial resistant organisms in the ICUs at Assiut University Hospitals.
Toman's Tuberculosis--Case Detection, Treatment, and Monitoring: Questions and Answers

WHO OM AN ’S TUBCULOSIS CASE DECTION , TEATM EN T, AN D M ON ITRIN G The second edition of this practical, authoritative reference book provides a rational basis for the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. Written by a number of experts in the field, it remains faithful to Kurt Toman’s original question-and-answer format, with subject matter grouped under the three headings Case detection, Treatment, and Monitoring.
Topically applied opioids for the management of painful cutaneous ulcers in a palliative care setting

Introduction Painful cutaneous ulcers are a clinical challenge as the pain can be difficult to control, frequently requiring a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures. There is evidence suggesting topical opioid application might be efficacious in the management of painful cutaneous ulcers, however this is largely based on case reports. Methods A series of clinical and laboratory studies were undertaken to determine the utility of opioids applied topically to painful cutaneous ulcers, these included surveys of hospice admissions to determine the prevalence of painful ulcers and the effective dose of topical opioid; a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial design to assess the utility of morphine/IntraSite gel mixture, HPLC analysis to determine the mixture’s bioavailability and physical stability, and microbiological studies to determine its microbiological stability. Results A survey of 323 hospice admissions over a two-year period identified 125 patients with 221 ulcers, mostly caused by either pressure (183 ulcers) or trauma (25); 147 (67%) of all ulcers were painful. Compared to placebo, morphine/IntraSite mixture was more efficacious; it was safe and well tolerated in this population. Morphine applied topically appears to have an analgesic effect even at low doses of morphine irrespective of background analgesic medication. HPLC analyses suggested morphine and its metabolites might be detectable in the plasma of patients with large ulcers, but only at low concentrations. In addition morphine/IntraSite gel mixture was physically and, under certain storage conditions, microbiologically stable for 28 days allowing the mixture to be prepared and stored before use. Conclusions The studies confirmed that painful cutaneous ulcers are a significant clinical problem in hospice patients and that morphine/IntraSite mixture can be used safely and effectively in this patient group. Bioavailability studies support the possibility that the opioid analgesic effect is local rather than systemic, and stability studies show the morphine/IntraSite combination, once mixed, can be stored for up to 28 days, allowing the mixture to be prepared and stored before use. Given that ulcers can vary in aetiology, size, severity and temporal characteristics of pain, an individualised titration protocol is recommended. Further research is required to confirm and extend these findings to other ulcers and clinical settings.
Vriendschapsrelaties van dove en slechthorende adolescenten

Sociale relaties en vriendschappen zijn voor elk mens belangrijk. Voor zich ontwikkelende kinderen en jongeren in het bijzonder. Binnen een hechte vriendschap heb je samen plezier, deel je je diepste gedachten en gevoelens en kun je groeien door de wederzijdse steun en aanmoediging. Fabienne Piso, Harry Knoors en Mathijs Vervloed onderzochten of de vriendschapsrelaties van dove en slechthorende jongeren met horende leeftijdgenoten kwalitatief minder hecht zijn dan onderlinge vriendschappen tussen goedhorende jongeren. Ook is onderzocht of de kwaliteit van de vriendschapsrelaties effect heeft op het welbevinden van de jongeren.
Epidemiological study of ischemic heart disease in patients admitted in intensive care unit in the tertiary care hospital

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological factors of ischemic heart disease in patients admitted in intensive care unit in the tertiary care hospital. Socio demographic profile of ischemic heart disease patients along with behavioral risk factors, stress factors, dietary habits and associated comorbidities were studied. Methods: Present study was carried out in patients of IHD admitted in ICU of tertiary care hospital. History about epidemiological factors was obtained from patients or relatives by separate proformas. Results: Occurrence of disease had decreasing trend with the increase in literacy status of patients, which was statistically significant at p <0.0001. Maximum patients in the study were from socioeconomic class V i.e. 144 (36.64%). Study showed that household stress was more commonly associated with occurrence of disease which was significant statistically at p <0.001. Most common behavioral risk factor seen in patients was smokeless tobacco consumption. The occurrence of ischemic heart disease was seen more in the group of patients consuming mixed diet and consuming palm oil. Most common comorbidity in patients admitted for ischemic heart disease was hypertension, which was statistically significant at p <0.001. Conclusions: Age, literacy, socioeconomic status of the patient, history of behavioral risk factors in the patient, stress and comorbidities are related to the occurrence of ischemic heart disease.
Public Knowledge about Risk Factors, Symptoms, and First Decision-making in Response to Symptoms of Heart Attack among Lay People

Abstract: Lack of knowledge of acute myocardial infarction symptoms and coronary artery disease risk factors is associated with delayed treatments and significant comorbidities. Calling an emergency medical service (i.e., in the USA calling 9-1-1) is the most appropriate first decision to survive this critical situation. This study explored public knowledge and determined socio-demographic variables related to knowledge of coronary artery diseaserisk factors, acute myocardial infarction symptoms, and first decision-making in acute myocardial infarction situation. This cross-sectional study involved collecting data from 345 lay people from the Midwestern United States. The research team used t-tests to compare cardiovascular disease knowledge in relation to socio-demographic variables.Associations between first decision-making and demographic characteristics were tested using Chi-squared testing.We found that participants recognized classic acute myocardial infarction symptoms more readily than atypical symptoms. Participants who were younger, college educated, had higher household income and health insurance had greater knowledge of symptoms. Older adults were less informed about acute myocardial infarction symptoms. Approximately half of the participants misidentified specific typical coronary artery disease risk factors, especially diabetes mellitus. Over 90% of respondents indicated “Calling 9-1-1” for their first decision in an acute myocardial infarction situation. Older adults and people with lower income and education displayed the greatest lack of knowledge. Nurses should provide health education programs about atypical cardiovascular symptomology andpromote calling emergency medical services when experiencing acute myocardial infarction to address the concerning lack of knowledge and awareness in this population.
La reconnaissance visuelle des objets chez l'enfant avec autisme : Résultats préliminaires à une adaptation pour enfants de la Birmingham Object Recognition Battery (BORB)

La reconnaissance visuelle des objets a ete etudiee chez des enfants avec autisme a la BORB (Birmingham Object Recognition Battery) creee par Riddoch et Humphreys (1993) pour decrire les traitements impliques dans l’identification visuelle des objets et leurs defaillances chez les adultes cerebroleses. Huit tests de la BORB ont ete adaptes pour les enfants et proposes a 8 enfants avec autisme apparies en âge mental a 8 enfants temoins. Les resultats obtenus montrent que les enfants avec autisme ont de meilleures performances que les enfants temoins aux tests d’analyse perceptive qui sollicitent l’encodage des primitives visuelles. Par contre, on ne note pas de difference significative entre les deux groupes aux tests qui sollicitent les traitements perceptifs intermediaires de categorisation perceptive et les traitements representatifs de nature semantique. Ces resultats preliminaires, obtenus sur de petits echantillons, sont discutes en reference a l’hypothese de la « faible coherence centrale » proposee dans la litterature pour rendre compte des particularites cognitives dans l’autisme, en soulignant egalement l’interet clinique de la BORB pour decrire les agnosies visuelles dans les pathologies neuropediatriques.
Optimizing Taxi Driver Profit Efficiency: A Spatial Network-Based Markov Decision Process Approach

Taxi services play an important role in the public transportation system of large cities. Improving taxi business efficiency is an important societal problem. Most of the recent analytical approaches on this topic only considered how to maximize the pickup chance, energy efficiency, or profit for the immediate next trip when recommending seeking routes, therefore may not be optimal for the overall profit over an extended period of time due to ignoring the destination choice of potential passengers. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel Spatial Network-based Markov Decision Process (SN-MDP) with a rolling horizon configuration to recommend better driving directions. Given a set of historical taxi records and the current status (e.g., road segment and time) of a vacant taxi, we find the best move for this taxi to maximize the profit in the near future. We propose statistical models to estimate the necessary time-variant parameters of SN-MDP from data to avoid competition between drivers. In addition, we take into account fuel cost to assess profit, rather than only income. A case study and several experimental evaluations on a real taxi dataset from a major city in China show that our proposed approach improves the profit efficiency by up to 13.7 percent and outperforms baseline methods in all the time slots.
Structural analysis and segmentation of music signals

Con la reciente explosion cuantitativa de bibliotecas y colecciones de musica en formato digital, la descripcion del contenido desempena un papel fundamental para una gestion y busqueda eficientes de archivos de audio. La presente tesis doctoral pretende hacer un analisis automatico de la estructura de piezas musicales a partir del analisis de una grabacion, es decir, extraer una descripcion estructural a partir de senales musicales polifonicas. En la medida en que la repeticion y transformacion de la estructura de la musica genera una identificacion unica de una obra musical, extraer automaticamente esta informacion puede vincular entre si descripciones de bajo y alto nivel de una senal musical y puede proporcionar al usuario una manera mas efectiva de interactuar con un contenido de audio. Para algunas aplicaciones basadas en contenido, encontrar los limites de determinados segmentos de una grabacion resulta indispensable. Asi pues, tambien se investiga la segmentacion temporal de audio a nivel semantico, al igual que la identificacion de extractos representativos de una senal musical que pueda servir como resumen de la misma. Para ello se emplea una tecnica de analisis a un nivel de abstraccion mas elevado que permite obtener una mejor division en segmentos. Tanto desde el punto de vista teorico como practico, esta investigacion no solo ayuda a incrementar nuestro conocimiento respecto a la estructura musical, sino que tambien proporciona una ayuda al examen y a la valoracion musical.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF 1% CURCUMIN GEL AND PLACEBO ON PATIENTS WITH PLAQUE PSORIASIS

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and immunogenetic disease resulting from proliferation of keratinocytes that exists in five forms of plaque, guttate, inverse, pustular, and erythrodermic. Itchy skin is one of the most common symptoms of the disease and influences life quality. This study aimed to compare the effect of 1% curcumin gel made by the Center for Pharmaceutical Technologies Development of Jundishapur University in mild to moderate plaque psoriasis in a randomized and double-blind study as an inexpensive biologically active drug with placebo. The methods of data analysis used in this study include descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum pasi-score, dermatology life quality index (DLQI), and itchy skin index (QOL-Itchy) as well as inferential statistics including paired t-test, chi-square, and Mann-Whithney test. The analysis was performed by statistics consultant. In the intervention group, the average pasiscore before the treatment was 3.1; two weeks after the treatment it was 1.91 and the pasi-score decrease was significant. Also the average pasi-score reduction in this group was 30.46%; 19% of the patients showed weak therapeutic response, 56% showed average therapeutic response, 13% showed good therapeutic response, and 12% showed excellent therapeutic response. In the control group, the average pasi-score before the treatment was 3.17; after the treatment it was 2.75 where no significant difference was observed. The average pasi-score reduction in this group was 20.4% in which 84% of the patients showed weak response, 8% showed average response, and 8% showed excellent response. A comparison was performed between pasi-scores in intervention and control groups before and after the treatment by employing statistical tests. Though no significant difference was observed, the efficiency size showed that prescription of medicine has a modest effect on patients. In the intervention group, the second week after the end of treatment, the average pasi-score was 1.19; its effect was significant compared with the score before the treatment. The average pasi-score in the control group was 2.75; no significant difference was observed compared with the average score before the treatment. These results showed the continuous effect of medicine after the discontinuation of treatment and no recurrence during this period was observed. The results of this study and previous studies show that curcumin can have an important role in the treatment of psoriasis. It is important because curcumin is an inexpensive drug with less side effects than the existing drugs.
The effects of some common pigments on the photo-oxidation of linseed oil-based paint media

A simple infrared, sodium chloride disc technique is described which monitors the loss of binder in a paint medium. The early stages of this process correlate both with oxygen absorption measurements and with the formation of scission products (dicarboxylic acid half esters) by GLC in conventional pigmented paint media. The sodium chloride disc technique constitutes an accelerated environmental ageing test which can be used to predict the effects of pigments and their wavelength sensitivity on the physical deterioration of the medium. It is found that vermilion, one of the more effective photo-sensitizers for photo-oxidation, is relatively insensitive to wavelength variation in the diffuse daylight region and it is concluded that physical screening of the near UV wavelength is not in itself a satisfactory solution to conservation of old paint media.
Sleep Deprivation and the Health of Firefighters

As public safety workers, the wellbeing of firefighters is of concern to the entire community. One of the primary work-related health issues facing firefighters is sleep deprivation, which can contribute to an array of health problems, including: mental illness, metabolic disease, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this exploratory, quantitative research study was to gather preliminary data regarding the health of professional firefighters, with a focus on sleep. Data was collected from several Midwestern, metropolitan fire departments via an online survey. Sleepdeprived participants were identified using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), as well as selfreports of average sleep onset latency, and hours of sleep achieved on-duty/off-duty. Firefighters’ ESS score groups were found to be significantly related to cardiovascular disease, obesity, and their company assignments. Older firefighters were found to have higher ESS scores than younger firefighters. Between-groups analysis identified those who were assigned to Medic Units as having the highest ESS scores and rates of cardiovascular disease. Firefighters reported fewer mental health and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) diagnoses than the general population. While firefighters value and attend to their physical health and fitness, stigmas are still prevalent in the fire service that may be standing in the way of their recognizing and treating various behavioral health problems. Future studies should examine the ways that social workers could use physiological health topics, like sleep, as a means for addressing more stigmatized mental health issues in the fire service.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK MELALUI PERMAINAN LUDO GEOMETRI DI PAUD HABIBUL UMMI II

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan kognitif anak. Hal ini diduga disebabkan oleh kurang menariknya media yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk peningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak melalui permainan ludo geometri di PAUD Habibul Ummi II.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek penelitian anak PAUD Habibul Ummi II. Pada kelompok usia 5-6 tahun yang berjumlah 12 orang pada semester I tahun ajaran 2012-2013. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus yaitu masing-masing siklus 3 kali pertemuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui permainan ludo geometri dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini 5-6 tahun dalam aspek mengenal bentuk geometri, mengenal bilangan, dan mengelompokkan warna.