Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Student-to-Teacher Interactions Encourage Self-Regulated Learning in One Computer-Based Alternative Program

How Student-to-Teacher Interactions Encourage Self-Regulated Learning in One Computer-Based Alternative Program by Kristen Milton Watt EdS, Walden University, 2011 MS, Indiana University, 2003 BA, Goshen College, 1996 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Richard W. Riley College of Education Walden University February 2019 Abstract The purpose of this exploratory case study was to examine how student-to-teacher interactions encourage students to develop self-regulated learning (SRL) habits and skills. Zimmerman’s social cognitive theory of SRL, which supposes a relationship between academic success and SRL, is used as a conceptual framework. The representative case isThe purpose of this exploratory case study was to examine how student-to-teacher interactions encourage students to develop self-regulated learning (SRL) habits and skills. Zimmerman’s social cognitive theory of SRL, which supposes a relationship between academic success and SRL, is used as a conceptual framework. The representative case is a computer-based alternative education program for students at risk of dropping out of high school in grades 10–12. The teachers worked one-on-one with students in a computer lab while the students engaged in mastery-based learning using Apex Learning Inc. digital curriculum. Five teachers responded to three questionnaires to examine how student-to-teacher interactions influenced student-to-content interactions, and students’ forethought, performance, and evaluation behavior. The teachers also submitted instructional artifacts and described instructional tools, activity types, and scaffolds within the digital curriculum. After analysis of primary and secondary data, the results showed the following: Student-to-teacher interactions encouraged students to engage in forethought behaviors associated with goal setting and strategic planning; examples of performance behaviors were using the content to increase understanding, navigating the content efficiently and effectively, monitoring the use of task strategies, and developing thinking steps; and examples of evaluative behaviors were calibrating and making accurate self-judgments. The study can promote social change by helping students at-risk of dropping out of school develop SRL strategies correlated to academic achievement and high school graduation. SRL habits are transferable to everyday behaviors associated with continued employment, maintaining healthy relationships, and lifelong learning. How Student-to-Teacher Interactions Promote Self-Regulated Learning in One Computer-Based Alternative Program by Kristen Milton Watt EDS, Walden University, 2010 MS, Indiana University, 2003 BA, Goshen College, 1996 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Richard W. Riley College of Education Walden University January 2018
An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Capital Flows and the Real Exchange Rate in India

This paper analyzes the relationship between the net capital flows (NCFs) and other fundamentals and the real exchange rate (RER) in India consequent to the liberalization of the capital account in 1990s for the period 1996–1997 to 2012–2013 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach to cointegration. Most studies in the literature emphasize the role of a number of real and monetary variables and domestic policies in determination of RER. But there is no consensus on what actually determines the RER. The estimation includes NCFs, government consumption expenditure, terms of trade, trade openness, Gross Domestic Product growth rate, change in foreign exchange reserves, current account balance as explanatory variables for investigating the relationship with the RERs. The empirical results confirm that the NCFs in India have been associated with the RER appreciation and the association is statistically significant. Government consumption expenditure is not found to be significantly associated with real appreciation. Current account balance has a positive and statistically significant association with RERs indicating that the outflows on account of current account deficits have been associated with depreciation of RER or prevention of the appreciation on account of capital flows. The change in foreign exchange reserves has a negative and statistically significant association with RERs indicating that the accumulation of reserves by the Reserve Bank of India in the face of increasing capital flows has prevented the appreciation of RERs and mitigated their adverse consequences on the competitiveness of the Indian economy.
Dispersal and Differentiation of Deep-Sea Mussels of the Genus Bathymodiolus (Mytilidae, Bathymodiolinae)

We sequenced the mitochondrial ND4 gene to elucidate the evolutionary processes of Bathymodiolus mussels and mytilid relatives. Mussels of the subfamily Bathymodiolinae from vents and seeps belonged to 3 groups and mytilid relatives from sunken wood and whale carcasses assumed the outgroup positions to bathymodioline mussels. Shallow water mytilid mussels were positioned more distantly relative to the vent/seep mussels, indicating an evolutionary transition from shallow to deep sea via sunken wood and whale carcasses. Bathymodiolus platifrons is distributed in the seeps and vents, which are approximately 1500 km away. There was no significant genetic differentiation between the populations. There existed high gene flow between B. septemdierum and B. brevior and low but not negligible gene flow between B. marisindicus and B. septemdierum or B. brevior, although their habitats are 5000–10 000 km away. These indicate a high adaptability to the abyssal environments and a high dispersal ability of Bathymodiolus mussels.
Transient Choroidal Thinning after Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection for Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization

Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal thickness changes in the eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB). Methods: Ten highly myopic eyes with mCNV treated with IVB were included. All patients underwent a single, horizontal B-scan image centered on the fovea, before, and 1 month and 3 month after IVB using Heidelberg optical coherence tomography (OCT). Choroidal thickness (CT) defined as the distance from the retinal pigment epithelium to the chorio-scleral interface in OCT image at the fovea, 2mm nasally and 2mm temporally was measured. Results: Foveal mean CT was 52.8 microns before IVB, and it significantly decreased to 37.5 microns 1 month after (P<0.05). Similarly, the 2mm temporal mean CT was 80.5 microns before IVB, and it significantly decreased to 69.5 microns 1 month after (P<0.05). On 3 months after IVB, mean CT at the fovea improved to 48.9 microns (P=0.67); however, the mean temporal CT remained thin as 67.0 microns (P=0.07 vs. baseline). The mean nasal CT remained at the similar throughout the follow-up (P=0.90 and 0.56) The change in CT on 1 month after IVB was significantly correlated with age and preoperative CT (P=0.01 and 0.04, respectively). Conclusions: Subfoveal and temporal choroidal thinning is transiently observed. IVB may affect the choroidal circulation in such myopic eyes as with thin choroid.
CHARACTERIZATION OF DAIRY SLURRY IN SOUTHERN CHILE FARMS Caracterización de purines de lecherías en el Sur de Chile

In this study 50 slurry samples were collected from commercial dairy farms located in the South of Chile during 1995-1997. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, pH, organic matter, available and total macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium), available and total micronutrients (zinc, iron, manganese and copper) and total aluminum. Results showed that the dry matter content in dairy effluents was low, with 62% of the samples being < 4% DM. This reflected the large volumes of water that the storage received. A great variation in nutrient content was observed in the analyzed samples, probably reflecting differences in feeding regimes, use of wash water, rainfall and age of slurry at the time of sampling. In general, the concentration of macro and micronutrients was low. In the present study, the dry matter in the slurry proved to be a good indicator of some nutrients in the samples analyzed. Positive correlations (p < 0.001) were obtained between dry matter content and total phosphorus (r = 89%), total calcium (r = 87%), total magnesium (r = 82%), available phosphorus (r = 75%), ammonium nitrogen (r = 68%), total potassium (r = 64%), available potassium (r = 60%), total nitrogen (r = 55%), total zinc (r = 74%), total manganese (r = 64%) and total iron (r = 62%). Data from this study could be used as a guideline to estimate nutrient contribution from dairy slurry when applied to farmland.
Meta-heuristic Methods for Outliers Detection in Multivariate Time Series

In this article we use meta-heuristic methods to detect additive outliers in multivariate time series. The implemented algorithms are: simulated annealing, threshold accepting and two different versions of genetic algorithm. All of them use the same objective function, the generalized AIC-like criterion, and in contrast with many of the existing methods, they don't require to specify a vector ARMA model for the data and are able to detect any number of potential outliers simultaneously. We used simulated time series and real data to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed methods.
Factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice of e-cigarette among adult population in KOSPEN areas of Kuching district, Sarawak, Malaysia

Background: Smoking electronic cigarette is a current world phenomenon, however, the vaping community had ignorant about its health effects. Considering this view, this study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge and attitude toward e-cigarette and factors associated with it.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in the KOSPEN locality in Kuching district. Six out of the 64 KOSPEN localities had been chosen randomly as study locations. Systematic random sampling with replacement method was used to select the respondent. A total of 354 adults were interviewed by face to face interview using adapted and validated questionnaire. The data entry and analysis were done by IBM SPSS Version 22.0. A p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Data revealed that 66% of the respondents admitted that they heard about e-cigarette. Among them 54.3% of the respondent had good knowledge about e-cigarette. However, more than half (52.8%) do not support the use of e-cigarette. Bi-variate analysis revealed that male gender and attitude towards supporting e-cigarette was significantly associated with practice of e-cigarette (p<0.05). However, for the conventional practice of smoking, age, gender, marital status, level of education and occupation found to be significantly associated with practice of conventional smoking.Conclusions: Though the study did not depict the national scenarios of e-smoking and conventional cigarette smoking as well, but the factors identified in this study appeared to be policy options for the programme managers, health administration, and health educators designing the preventive programmes against e-smoking and conventional smoking.
Sero-diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis and Dengue virus infection from clinically suspected patients of Nepal

1 PhD, Associate Professor, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious & Tropical Diseases Research & Prevention Centre/ Nepal. 2 Nagasaki University, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Virology and SukraRaj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital Teku, Nepal. 3 Kyorine University, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, Tokyo. 4 School and Community Health Project, HMG/JICA/JMA-Kathmandu, Nepal. Address for Correspondence: Dr. Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand Associate Professor, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital/Health Research Laboratory PO Box 10404, Kathmandu, Nepal. Email: itdrc@healthnet.org. np Sero-diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis and Dengue virus infection from clinically suspected patients of Nepal
Inquiry-Based Integrated Thematic Instruction on Character Education of Primary School Students.

This study aimed at investigating the differences between the yields of inquiry-based integrated thematic instruction and thematic instruction model on the character education of primary school students. The population was 253 elementary schools and 63,433 students in Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia. Samples were obtained through multistage cluster random sampling, which were then divided into experimental group (four classes, 129 students) and control group (four classes, 139 students). The Randomized Static Group Comparison Design was employed as the design of experiment. Data collection methods were interview, observation, questionnaire, and documentation. The instruments were validated by content validity and construct validity. Test for normality and homogeneity of data used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Levene Test. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U Test. The result showed that students in the inquiry-based integrated thematic group obtain better score (3.48) than those in the thematic group (3.28). Moreover, the mean rank of the first group (176.07) was also significantly higher than that of the second group (95.92) (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed). 000<. 05). In overall, inquiry-based integrated thematic instruction has more significant and positive contribution on the character education of primary school students in compared with the thematic instruction model.
Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Quality of Smoked Shrimp, An Expanding Food Condiment in Beninese Local Markets

Entire Smoked Shrimp (ESS) and Smo ked Shrimp Powder (SSP) are two food condiments widely used in Beninese local cooking practices. Twelve samples of each product collected fro m local markets were evaluated for safety assessment using standard methods. Regarding the microb iological status of the samples, the Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 83% and 75% of ESS and SSP respectively, whereas 25% of samples of each product were found to contain E. coli. Pathogenic bacteria such as S. aureus and Salmonella were absent. Except 8% and 17% of SSP sample exceeding the maximal limit o f 10 6 UFC/g for Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria and 10 4 UFC/g Enterobacteriaceae respectively, all the other samples were within the acceptable limits. Water activ ity values were low, ranging between 0.54±0.01 for SSP and 0.61±0.01 for ESS, showing a potential microbial stability. Considering the chemical hazards, 15 EU priority polycyclic aro mat ic hydrocarbon (PAHs) were detected in the samp les examined with median Benzo(a) pyrene and PAH4 contents (91 μg kg -1 and 490 μg kg -1 respectively) exceeding the European maximal limit (5.0 μg kg -1 and 30 μg kg -1 ). This study showed that smoked shrimps may be generally safe fro m a microbiolog ical point of view, but they constitute a large source of exposure to possible carcinogenic PAHs.
The development of ovary in quail’s embryo

The experiment was conducted to study the development of ovary in quails’ embryos which were incubated for 4 to 17 days and incubated out for 1 day. The quails’ embryos or gonads were cut out and HE staining was carried out. The results showed that when embryo was hatched for 4 days, lots of primordial germ cells (PGCs) clustered in the region where gonad would be formed. On the 5th day of hatching, the gonad of the embryo began to be formed and exhibited the feature of ovary or testis. On the 7th hatching day, the right ovary began to degenerate, just a few PGCs began to differentiate into oogonia. On the 10th day, there were many oogonia in the ovary, some of which were surrounded by some other cells distributed like circles. On the 11th day, there were more oogonia, the skinniness became thicker while the medulla was thinner. On the 13th day, the division between skinniness and medulla was obvious and the ovary formed the early original ovum. On the 14th day, more original ovums were seen in the skinniness. On the 17th hatching day and on the 1st day of hatching out, the shape of ovary tended to be mature, also the ovum was clear and more; the medulla was full of vessels. On the 5th hatching day, gonad began to differentiate. On the 7th hatching day and later, the differentiation of gonad was obvious; the right ovary began to degenerate. On the 13th hatching day, early original ovum began to be formed in the skinniness of ovary. The results established groundwork for the research of the development of gonads of quail and other poultry.
Population structure and genetic diversity of Sudanese native chickens

The objectives of this study were to analyze genetic diversity and population structure of Sudanese native chicken breeds involved in a conservation program. Five Sudanese native chicken breeds were compared with populations studied previously, which included six purebred lines, six African populations and one Sudanese chicken population. Twenty-nine (29) microsatellite markers were genotyped individually in these five populations. Expected and observed heterozygosity, mean number of alleles per locus and inbreeding coefficient were calculated. A model based cluster analysis was carried out and a Neighbor net was constructed based on marker estimated kinships. Two hundred and one alleles were detected in all populations, with a mean number of 6.93 ± 3.52 alleles per locus. The mean observed and expected heterozygosity across 29 loci was 0.524 and 0.552, respectively. Total inbreeding coefficient (F IT ) was 0.069±0.112, while differentiation of subpopulations (F ST 0.026±0.049) was low indicating the absence of clear sub-structuring of the Sudanese native chicken populations. The inbreeding coefficient (F IS ) was 0.036±0.076. STRUCTURE software was used to cluster individuals to 2 ≤ k ≤ 7 assumed clusters. Solutions with the highest similarity coefficient were found at K=5 and K=6, in which Malawian, Zimbabwean, and purebred lines split from Sudanese gene pool. The six Sudanese native chicken populations formed one heterogeneous cluster. We concluded that Sudanese native chickens are highly diverse, and are genetically separated from Malawian, Zimbabwean chickens and six purebred lines. Our study reveals the absence of population sub-structuring of the Sudanese indigenous chicken populations. Key words: Genetic diversity, microsatellites, population structure, Sudanese native chickens.
Shard Selection in Distributed Collaborative Search Engines

To increase their scalability and reliability many search engines today are distributed systems. In a distributed search engine several nodes collaborate in handling the search operations. Usually each node is only responsible for one or a few parts of the index used for storing and searching. These smaller index parts are usually referred to as shards. Lately ElasticSearch has emerged as a popular distributed search engine intended for mediumand large scale searching. An ElasticSearch cluster could potentially consist of a lot of nodes and shards. Sending a search query to all nodes and shards might result in high latency when the size of the cluster is large or when the nodes are far apart from each other. ElasticSearch provides some features for limiting the number of nodes which participate in each search query in special cases, but generally each query will be processed by all nodes and shards. Shard selection is a method used to only forward queries to the shards which are estimated to be highly relevant to a query. In this thesis a shard selection plugin called SAFE has been developed for ElasticSearch. SAFE implements four state of the art shard selection algorithms and supports all current query types in ElasticSearch. The purpose of SAFE is to further increase the scalability of ElasticSearch by limiting the number of nodes which participate in each search query. The cost of using the plugin is that there might be a negative effect on the search results. The purpose of this thesis has been to evaluate to which extent SAFE affects the search results in ElasticSearch. The four implemented algorithms have been compared in three different experiments using two different data sets. Two new metrics called Pk@N and Modified Recall have been developed for this thesis which measures the relative performance between exhaustive search and shard selection in a search engine like ElasticSearch. The results indicate that three algorithms in SAFE perform very well when documents are distributed to shards depending on which linguistic topic they belong to. However if documents are randomly allocated to shards, which is the standard approach in ElasticSearch, then SAFE does not show any significant results and seems to be unusable. This thesis shows that if a suitable document distribution policy is used and there is a tolerance for losing some relevant documents in the search results then a shard selection implementations like SAFE could be used to further increase the scalability of a distributed search engine, especially in a low resource environment.
Changes in nutrient composition of kikuyu foggage as winter progressed

Samples of kikuyu foggage (standing hay) were collected in northern KwaZulu-Natal from five adjoining paddocks to measure the changes in nutrient composition of the foggage as winter progressed. Leaves and stems were separated. The first samples collected on the 18 th of May contained green to dry material at a ratio of 3 : 1 and that was reduced to practically no green material in July. Although the proportion of leaf decreased from 64.6% to 56.8% as winter progressed, differences were not significant. Crude protein (CP) levels and effective dry matter degradation decreased significantly with time while neutral and acid detergent fibre levels increased. The calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in the leaves decreased significantly between the first collection and later collections, while these changes were less pronounced in the stems. At all stages the stems contained significantly lower concentrations of Ca than the leaves, while P concentrations between leaves and stems did not differ. Consequently, the Ca : P ratios in the leaves varied between 2.08 and 1.60 and that of the stems between 0.74 and 1.10. These results suggest that the significantly lower Ca levels in kikuyu stems compared to leaves could make a significant contribution to the variation in Ca : P ratios reported for kikuyu. The concentrations of the other elements measured did not differ between the leaves and stems. Concentrations of CP, potassium, magnesium, copper and selenium in the kikuyu foggage decreased rapidly from the first collection that contained a relatively high proportion of green material to later collections when the foggage was dry.