Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE AFTER COMPLETING HEAVY SQUAT EXERCISES

The purpose of this study was to determine whether vertical jump height was influenced by completing a half squat or quarter squat exercise prior to jumping. Ten male subjects experienced with the squat exercise performed 4 warm up squat sets followed by 1 repetition with the weight of 90% of 1 repetition maximum of the half squat or quarter squat. No difference in jump heights after any of the 3 conditions, including a control group (F = 3.096, p = 0.070), was found. Correlations between the relative strength ratio and the difference in averaged jump heights before and after the half and quarter squat conditions were also tested, and no correlation was found (r =-0.128, p = 0.724, and r = −0.189, p = 0.601, respectively). Although statistical significance at the 0.05 level was not observed for the comparison of jump heights between conditions, we did observe a trend (i.e., p= 0.07). Therefore, we examined the individual responses to the exercises and determined that 5 of the subjects did increase their vertical jumps after both squat exercises. It may be that the influence of prejump exercise on jump performance may be individualized. Nevertheless, the use of a strength ratio does not appear to predict who will benefit from posttetanic potentiation in this type of exercise situation.
The contraceptive practices of women seeking termination of pregnancy in an Auckland clinic.

AIM The aim of the study was to assess the contraceptive knowledge and practices of women attending the abortion service at Epsom day unit, Green Lane Hospital. METHODS Women attending the unit in December 1992 and January 1993 were asked to take part in the study. A questionnaire was administered to consenting women to assess demographic details and previous contraceptive education. If a contraceptive method was used the reason for failure was explored and if no method was used the reason for non use was explored. RESULTS Sixty-one percent of women were using a contraceptive method in the month of conception. The condom was used by 48% and the pill by 42%. Eight percent of women had never used contraception and 30% were not using a method in the month of conception. Forty-three percent had a household income of less than $22,000 and financial barriers were the reason for non use in 32% of those not using a method. Of women who did not use contraception, only 11% used emergency contraception, whereas 78% of those surveyed said they knew about emergency contraception. Sixty-three percent of women said they had received enough contraceptive education to select and use a method effectively. Pacific Island women were least likely to have received adequate contraceptive education or to have been using a method of contraception. CONCLUSIONS A number of technical problems were identified with condom use. These problems need to be emphasised by sexuality education programmes and contraceptive prescribers. Omitting pills, diarrhoea, vomiting and drug interactions were important causes of pill failure. The seven day rule needs more emphasis when teaching women how to take the pill and when antibiotics are prescribed. Costs were an important barrier to the use of contraception for a significant proportion of women. Section 99 approval should be utilised more readily and the provision of free contraception, especially to low income groups, needs to be urgently explored.
Adverse effects of topical antiglaucoma medication. I. The conjunctival cell profile.

Objective: To determine the effect of various long-term topical antiglaucoma regimens on the cell population profile of the conjunctiva. Methods: Conjunctival biopsy specimens from 124 patients undergoing filtration surgery were assessed quantitatively by light microscopy. Preoperatively, the patients had used a drug for only a brief period (group A; n=28), a β-blocker alone (group B; n=31), a β-blocker in combination with a miotic (group C; n=33), or a combination of β-blocker, miotic, andsympathomimetic (group D; n=32). Results: The conjunctiva in groups A and B was similar. Group C conjunctiva differed, but the changes were most marked in biopsy specimens from patients in group D, where there was a significant decrease in goblet cells (P Conclusions: The compared treatment regimens affected the conjunctiva to different degrees, with multipledrug topical therapy exerting the greatest effect on the degree of subclinical inflammation within the conjunctiva. The results also indicated that administration of topical medication, irrespective of type, for 3 years or more induced a significant degree of subclinical inflammation.
Classifying, Measuring, and Predicting Users’ Overall Active Behavior on Social Networking Sites

Abstract Although understanding the role of users’ overall active behavior on a social networking site (SNS) is of significant importance for both theory and practice, the complexity and difficulty involved in measuring such behavior has inhibited research attention. To understand users’ active behaviors on an SNS, it is important that we identify and classify various types of online behaviors before measuring them. In this paper we holistically examine users’ active behaviors on an SNS. Toward this end, we conduct three studies. First, we classify active behaviors on an SNS into four categories using the Delphi method. Then, we develop a measurement model and validate it using the data collected from an online survey of 477 SNS users. The measures of the developed instrument exhibit satisfactory reliability and validity and are used as indicators of the latent constructs. This instrument is then used in a predictive model based on commitment theory and tested using data from 1,242 responses. The results of data analysis suggest that affective commitment and continuance commitment are good predictors of overall active behavior on an SNS. This study complements the existing research on social media, cocreation, and social commerce. Most important, this study provides a theoretically sound measurement instrument that addresses the complex characteristic of overall active behavior on an SNS and which should be useful for future research. The findings of this study have important implications for practice as they highlight managing and stimulating users’ active behaviors on an SNS.
Anatomic Relationships of the Human Arcuate Nucleus of the Medulla: A Dil‐Labeling Study

The arcuate nucleus (ARC) at the ventral surface of the human medulla has been historically considered a precerebellar nucleus. More recently, it has been implicated in central chemoreception, cardiopulmonary coupling and blood pressure responses. A deficiency of the ARC has been reported in a subset of putative human developmental disorders of ventilatory function. To investigate anatomic relationships of the ARC with brainstem regions involved in cardiorespiratory control, we applied crystals of Dil, a lipophilic dye which labels cells and cell processes by lateral diffusion along cell membranes, to 23 paraformaldehyde-fixed human fetal brainstems at 19 to 22 weeks postconceptional age. After 7 to 15.5 months diffusion, serial frozen sections were examined by florescence microscopy. Dil diffusion from the ARC labeled fibers and cell bodies in the medullary raphé labeled the reticular formation, medullary raphé, and the ARC. Diffusion from the pyramid and the basis pontis (negative control) labeled the corticospinal tract, with no labeling of the medullary raphé or ARC. The results suggest the existence of cellular connections between the ARC and the caudal raphé, a region implicated in cardiorespiratory control.
Increased Vascular α1-Adrenergic Sensitivity in Patients With Renal Failure: Receiving Recombinant Erythropoeitin

End stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with altered hemodynamic regulation as a result of the pathophysiology or treatment of renal failure. Hypertension, common among dialysis patients, is a recognized complication of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy. We determined vascular adrenergic and nitric-oxide-mediated responsiveness in 7 patients with established ESRD on rHuEPO treatment and in 13 healthy volunteers using the dorsal hand vein technique. Sensitivity to the α1-adrenergic selective agonist phenylephrine was significantly increased in patients with ESRD on rHuEPO. The mean dose of phenylephrine producing 50% venoconstriction (ED50) was 38 ± 1.6 ng/min in patients with ESRD and 135 ± 1.3 ng/min in healthy volunteers-almost a 4-fold increase in dose, P = 0.01. In contrast, maximal venodilation mediated by bradykinin, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, was not different in the 2 groups. To determine whether rHuEPO has a direct vasoconstrictor effect, we studied venous responsiveness to local infusions of rHuEPO in healthy volunteers. Increasing concentrations of rHuEPO produced no vasoconstriction in hand veins of healthy volunteers. These results suggest that vascular responsiveness to α-adrenergic stimulation in patients with ESRD on rHuEPO is increased whereas bradykinin-mediated venodilation remains intact. This increase in vascular α-adrenergic responsiveness may contribute to the increased peripheral vascular resistance and hypertension seen in patients with ESRD on rHuEPO.
Excess capacity: markets regulation, and values.

OBJECTIVE To examine the conceptual bases for the conflicting views of excess capacity in healthcare markets and their application in the context of today's turbulent environment. STUDY SETTING The policy and research literature of the past three decades. STUDY DESIGN The theoretical perspectives of alternative economic schools of thought are used to support different policy positions with regard to excess capacity. Changes in these policy positions over time are linked to changes in the economic and political environment of the period. The social values implied by this history are articulated. DATA COLLECTION Standard library search procedures are used to identify relevant literature. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Alternative policy views of excess capacity in healthcare markets rely on differing theoretical foundations. Changes in the context in which policy decisions are made over time affect the dominant theoretical framework and, therefore, the dominant policy view of excess capacity. CONCLUSIONS In the 1990s, multiple perspectives of optimal capacity still exist. However, our evolving history suggests a set of persistent values that should guide future policy in this area.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of CLICK-III/CaMKIγ, a Novel Membrane-anchored Neuronal Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase (CaMK)*

During a screen for novel putative Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK)-like CREB kinases (CLICKs), we have cloned a full-length cDNA for CLICK-III/CaMKIγ, an isoform of the CaMKI family with an extended C-terminal domain ending with CAAX motif (whereAA is aliphatic acid). As expected from the similarity of its kinase domain with the other CaMKI isoforms, full activation of CLICK-III/CaMKIγ required both Ca2+/CaM and phosphorylation by CaMKK. We also found that Ca2+/cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) was a good substrate for CLICK-III/CaMKIγ, at least in vitro. Interestingly enough, CLICK-III/CaMKIγ transcripts were most abundant in neurons, with the highest levels in limited nuclei such as the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the ventromedial hypothalamus. Consistent with the presence of the CAAXmotif, CLICK-III/CaMKIγ was found to be anchored to various membrane compartments, especially to Golgi and plasma membranes. Both point mutation in the CAAX motif and treatment with compactin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, disrupted such membrane localization, suggesting that membrane localization of CLICK-III/CaMKIγ occurred in a prenylation-dependent way. These findings provide a novel mechanism by which neuronal CaMK activity could be targeted to specific membrane compartments.
Immunohistochemical evaluation for P53 and VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) is not prognostic for long term survival in end stage esophageal adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVES To correlate the expression of p53 protein and VEGF with the prognosis of patients submitted to curative resection to treat esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Forty-six patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, submitted to curative resection, were studied. The expressions of p53 protein and VEGF were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 52.2% and 47.8% of tumors, respectively. RESULTS P53 protein and VEGF expressions coincided in 26% of the cases, and no correlation between these expressions was observed. None of the clinicopathological factors showed a significant correlation with p53 protein or VEGF expressions. There was no significant association between p53 protein and VEGF expressions and long-term survival. CONCLUSION The expression of p53 protein and VEGF did not correlate with prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma patients submitted to curative resection.
Trend of FEV1 in Cystic Fibrosis patients: A telehomecare experience

Since 2001, in the Cystic Fibrosis Center of the Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù in Rome, we use telemedicine for monitoring of our patients. While in our first published works reporting this experience, we showed statistically significant reduction in hospital admissions and a tendency over time towards a better stability of the respiratory function for telehomecare (THC) patients, here we focus on the trend of the Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1). In particular, we investigate the evolution of the clinical trend of the FEV1 index, by monitoring the activities of home patients from 2011 to 2014. THC is applied in addition to the standard therapeutic protocol by following 16 Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients with specialized doctors. Our results show that THC patients improve their FEV1 values with a trend which can be considered significantly better than the one reported by the control group.
Socioeconomic Status, Statistical Confidence, and Patient–Provider Communication: An Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 2007)

The increasing trend of exposing patients seeking health advice to numerical information has the potential to adversely impact patient–provider relationships especially among individuals with low literacy and numeracy skills. We used the HINTS 2007 to provide the first large scale study linking statistical confidence (as a marker of subjective numeracy) to demographic variables and a health-related outcome (in this case the quality of patient–provider interactions). A cohort of 7,674 individuals answered sociodemographic questions, a question on how confident they were in understanding medical statistics, a question on preferences for words or numbers in risk communication, and a measure of patient–provider interaction quality. Over thirty-seven percent (37.4%) of individuals lacked confidence in their ability to understand medical statistics. This was particularly prevalent among the elderly, low income, low education, and non-White ethnic minority groups. Individuals who lacked statistical confidence demonstrated clear preferences for having risk-based information presented with words rather than numbers and were 67% more likely to experience a poor patient–provider interaction, after controlling for gender, ethnicity, insurance status, the presence of a regular health care professional, and the language of the telephone interview. We will discuss the implications of our findings for health care professionals.
Apoptotic cell death in artificially induced deciduoma of pseudopregnant mice

Deciduoma induced by mechanical stimulation in pseudopregnant mice is similar to the decidua in normal pregnancy and it undergoes regression after a certain period. Therefore, we examined cell death in deciduomas which were induced by artifical stimulation. To analyze the regression mechanism of artificially induced deciduoma, DNA fragmentation, in situ 3′‐DNA nick end labeling, and RT‐PCR were performed on day 6 to 14 of pseudopregnancy. DNA fragmentation appeared on day 8 and it increased to day 10 of pseudopregnancy in the traumatized uterine horn. A large number of apoptotic cells were found on day 10 in the periphery of deciduoma at the antimesometrial side. Deciduoma underwent degeneration on day 11 of pseudopregnancy. Expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) mRNA was high on days 8 and 10, then decreased, whereas the expression increased again on day 14. TNF‐α protein was expressed from day 8 to day 12, showing a peak expression on day 10 when deciduoma reached maximum weight. Serum progesterone level was high in the traumatized pseudopregnant mice on day 6, then it gradually decreased. Life span of deciduoma was prolonged 4 days more by daily injection of progesterone. A reduction in serum progesterone coincides with TNF‐α increase, resulting in an increase of apoptotic deciduomal cells at the regression period, and that the life span of deciduoma is prolonged by additive supply of progesterone. Anat Rec 254:205–213, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of rumen protected methionine (RPMet) on milk composition of lactating Cashmere Rayeni goat

BACKGROUND: Methionine has been suggested as the firstlimitingamino acid for milk production in ruminants. It is importanthow to increase milk protein yield and milk fat in dairy ruminants.OBJECTIVES: This study was set to investigate the effect of rumenprotected methionine (RPMet) on milk composition of lactatingCashmere Rayeni goats. METHODS: 40 healthy singletonCashmere Rayeni goats about 3 to 4 years of age, at the first day oflactation, were randomly divided into 2 equal control andexperimental groups. The experimental group was supplementedwith 5 gr/day RPMet for 60 days. Milk samples of 2 groups weretaken on 30th and 60th days of the study. Milk protein, milk fat, milklactose, and milk Solids-not-Fat (SNF) were determined usingautomatic analyzer. The results were statistically evaluated withSPSS. RESULTS: The supplementation with RPMet did not effectall of the above mentioned parameters during the 60 days of theexperiment (p>0.05), except for the milk fat percentage of theexperimental group which showed significant increase after 60days (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results about milk protein,milk lactose, and SNF were in agreement with previous studies thathad not shown significant differences. Results about milk fat on the30th day were in agreement with the results of several authors whoreported that RPMet did not affect milk fat percentage or yield;however, in the present study milk fat increased significantly on the60th day (p<0.05). To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studyabout the effects of RPMet on milk composition of CashmereRayeni goat has been done.
Social Media Use among Students of Universities in South-East Nigeria

The use of social media like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube is a prevalent phenomenon among Nigerian university students. This work particularly examined the use of social media among students of selected universities in South-East Nigeria. The study was conducted using survey research method, with 300 as sample; multi-stage sampling technique was applied to draw the samples and questionnaire was the measuring instrument. Tables, mean, a pie chart and standard deviations were used for data presentation and analyses. The study found out that students use social media for purposes of getting entertainment, education/information; they use social media to discuss national issues, engage in cyber crimes and expose themselves to pornography. So, the students’ use of social media reduces the time they devote to their studies. From these findings, the researchers recommended that there ought to be social media Acts that would stipulate the dos and don’ts in the students and public uses of social networking sites in Nigeria.
Allele Frequency of Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Corn in Louisiana Populations of Sugarcane Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn, Zea mays L. , has been widely used to manage a corn borer complex in the mid-southern region of the United States. The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), has become a dominant cornstalk boring species in some areas of this region, especially in Louisiana. Therefore, management of sugarcane borer resistance to Bt corn is critical to ensure the long-term sustainability of Bt corn for the region. This study screened 280 two-parent family-lines of sugarcane borer from four geographical populations in Louisiana during 2005 to determine whether Bt resistance allele frequency in sugarcane borer is sufficiently low to meet the rare resistance assumption of the current “high dose/refuge” resistance management strategy for Bt corn. These sugarcane borer family-lines were examined for Bt resistance by using novel F2 screening procedures. No major Bt resistance alleles were detected in these four populations. The estimated frequency of major Bt resistance alleles was <0.0027, with a 95% probability and a detection power of 94%. The estimated minor resistance allele frequency was 0.0063, with a 95% CI of 0.0025–0.0117. During a previous study, a major Bt resistance allele was detected in one individual from 213 family-lines of another Louisiana population of sugarcane borer. Combining these data with the current screen, the frequency of major Bt resistance alleles across the five populations was 0.001, with a 95% credibility interval of 0.0001–0.0028 and a detection power of 95%. Major Bt resistance allele frequencies in Louisiana sugarcane borer populations seem to be low, and they should support the rare resistance allele requirement of the high dose/refuge strategy.
Morphology, dendritic field size, somal size, density, and coverage of M and P retinal ganglion cells of dichromatic Cebus monkeys

Abstract Male Cebus monkeys are all dichromats, but about two thirds of the females are trichromats. M and P retinal ganglion cells were studied in the male Cebus monkey to investigate the relationship of their morphology to retinal eccentricity. Retinal ganglion cells were retrogradely labeled after optic nerve deposits of biocytin to reveal their entire dendritic tree. Cebus M and P ganglion cell morphology revealed by biocytin retrograde filling is similar to that described for macaque and human M and P ganglion cells obtained by in vitro intracellular injection of HRP and neurobiotin. We measured 264 and 441 M and P ganglion cells, respectively. M ganglion cells have larger dendritic field and cell body size than P ganglion cells at any comparable temporal or nasal eccentricity. Dendritic trees of both M and P ganglion cells are smaller in the nasal than in the temporal region at eccentricities greater than 5 mm and 2 mm for M and P ganglion cells, respectively. The depth of terminal dendrites allows identification of both inner and outer subclasses of M and P ganglion cells. The difference in dendritic tree size between inner and outer cells is small or absent. Comparison between Cebus and Macaca shows that M and P ganglion cells have similar sizes in the central retinal region. The results support the view that M and P pathways are similarly organized in diurnal dichromat and trichromat primates.