Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinetic limitation and cellular amount of pyridoxine (pyridoxamine) 5'-phosphate oxidase of Escherichia coli K-12

We report the purification and enzymological characterization of Escherichia coli K-12 pyridoxine (pyridoxamine) 5'-phosphate (PNP/PMP) oxidase, which is a key committed enzyme in the biosynthesis of the essential coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). The enzyme encoded by pdxH was overexpressed and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by four steps of column chromatography. The purified PdxH enzyme is a thermally stable 51-kDa homodimer containing one molecule of flavin mononucleotide (FMN). In the presence of molecular oxygen, the PdxH enzyme uses PNP or PMP as a substrate (Km = 2 and 105 microM and kcat = 0.76 and 1.72 s-1 for PNP and PMP, respectively) and produces hydrogen peroxide. Thus, under aerobic conditions, the PdxH enzyme acts as a classical monofunctional flavoprotein oxidase with an extremely low kcat turnover number. Comparison of kcat/Km values suggests that PNP rather than PMP is the in vivo substrate of E. coli PdxH oxidase. In contrast, the eukaryotic enzyme has similar kcat/Km values for PNP and PMP and seems to act as a scavenger. E. coli PNP/PMP oxidase activities were competitively inhibited by the pathway end product, PLP, and by the analog, 4-deoxy-PNP, with Ki values of 8 and 105 microM, respectively. Immunoinhibition studies suggested that the catalytic domain of the enzyme may be composed of discontinuous residues on the polypeptide sequence. Two independent quantitation methods showed that PNP/PMP oxidase was present in about 700 to 1,200 dimer enzyme molecules per cell in E. coli growing exponentially in minimal medium plus glucose at 37 degrees C. Thus, E. coli PNP/PMP oxidase is an example of a relatively abundant, but catalytically sluggish, enzyme committed to PLP coenzyme biosynthesis.
The Fate of the Transference Neurosis after Termination of a Satisfactory Analysis

URING THE DECADES THAT FOLLOWED the publication of the D classical cases of psychoanalysis, a number of €allow-up studies have provided some data on the outcome of psychoanalytical treatment, including papers on Anna 0. (Ellenberger, 1972; Pollock, 1968, 1972, 1973), Emmy von N. (Anderson, 1958-1962), Dora (F. Deutsch, 1957), and the Wolf Man (Brunswick, 1928; Gardiner, 1971; Blum, 1974). In addition there have been briefer allusions to others, such as Little Hans (Freud, 1909; Rizzo, 1972). In some instances, follow-up information has been provided by the analyst: Freud’s (1909) reference to Little Hans (pp. 148-149), Emmy von N. (1924) and Elizabeth von R. (1924) (Breuer and Freud, 1893-1895, pp. 105, 160); Helene Deutsch (1959) has also written a follow-up study on two of her earlier published cases. Occasionally, follow-up information has been
Incentive-Aware Time-Sensitive Data Collection in Mobile Opportunistic Crowdsensing

Data collection is a crucial operation in mobile opportunistic crowdsensing. The design of data collection is challenging due to the fact that smart devices have limited resources to conduct complex computation and sensing tasks in mobile opportunistic networks. In this paper, we propose a time-sensitive incentive-aware mechanism for mobile opportunistic crowdsensing data collection, in which each sensing data has an attached time-sensitive value that decays over time. We focus on the cooperative data collection problem in mobile opportunistic crowdsensing, where data collectors cooperate with mobile users to send data back to requesters. However, due to the selfishness of mobile users, we use an incentive mechanism to stimulate the mobile users to participate in the data collection. The objective is to maximize data collectors’ and mobile relay users’ rewards. We formulate the interaction among data carrier and mobile relay users as a two-user cooperative game, we apply the asymmetric Nash bargain solution to obtain the optimal cooperation decision and transfer payment. Extensive simulation results based on the real-world traces are provided to validate the superiority of our proposed schemes.
Show Me the Money: The Monetary Policy Risk Premium

We study how monetary policy affects the cross-section of expected stock returns. For this purpose, we create a parsimonious monetary policy exposure (MPE) index based on observable firm characteristics that are theoretically linked to how firms react to monetary policy. We find that stocks whose prices react more positively to expansionary monetary policy surprises earn lower average returns. This finding is consistent with the intuition that monetary policy is expansionary in bad economic times when the marginal value of wealth is high, and thus high MPE stocks serve as a hedge against bad times. A long-short trading strategy designed to exploit this effect achieves an annualized value-weighted return of 9.96 percent with an associated Sharpe Ratio of 0.93 between 1975 and 2015. This return premium cannot be explained by standard factor models and survives a battery of robustness tests.
An empirical investigation of the link betweenexchange rate volatility and trade in Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade flow in Nigeria. Using annual data for the period of 1970-2009, the study estimates the exchange rate volatility with the use of Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH). Model testing procedure includes the coefficient of determination, the Durbin - Watson and the F - Statistics. Results revealed that an inverse and statistical insignificant relationship exist between aggregate trade and exchange rate volatility in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that monetary authority should ensure transparency in the process for determining exchange rate such that various economic distortions associated with exchange rate might be minimized. With this in place, there will be free air for trade flows into Nigeria, which eventually will lead to the growth of the economy.
Classified Staff Decision Making in Policy Determination, Administrative Practices, and Working Conditions in Texas Public Junior/Community Colleges

The problem of this study was the status of classified staff decision making participation in policy determination, administrative practices, and working conditions in Texas public junior/community colleges as reported by their presidents and those persons, chief personnel officers, on each campus who have responsibility for classified staff employees. The conclusions to the study, with respect to Texas public junior/community colleges, were (1) the classified staff employees may not be aware of the total college goals, (2) classified staff employees may have little motivation to perform their jobs effectively, (3) future turnover rates among classified staff employees could increase, (4) the classified staff employees' input appears to have a low priority in the area of decision making, (5) classified staff employees may be seeking jobs with open participation in decision making, and (6) the exclusion of classified staff employees from participation in decisions could lead to formal bargaining in the future.
Community-based self-management of chronic low back pain in a rural African primary care setting: a feasibility study

Abstract A small pragmatic non-randomised controlled study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of a novel theory-informed community-based self-management programme targeting the biopsychosocial factors associated with chronic low back pain disability in a rural Nigerian primary care centre. Participants either received the programme, once weekly for 6 weeks, or usual care. The programme combined group exercise sessions with group/individual discussion sessions, informed by cognitive behavioural therapy and motivational interviewing. Recruitment rate, intervention delivery, proportion of planned treatment attended, retention/dropout rate, adherence to recommended self-management strategies and biopsychosocial outcomes were used to determine feasibility. Structured qualitative exit feedback interviews ascertained acceptability. Recruitment rate was 100%, treatment uptake was 83% and loss to follow-up was 8%. Greater benefits for the self-management group compared with control were observed for primary and secondary biopsychosocial outcomes. Although the programme appears promising, the exploratory design of this study warrants more rigorous intervention testing following suggested programme improvement.
Integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior and Attitude Functions: Implications for Health Campaign Design

This study argues that the integration of the theory of planned behavior and attitude functions can provide a more detailed theoretical explanation and more precise practical guidance regarding behavioral prediction. Relying on a survey of 549 undergraduate students, this research found that individuals' intentions to regularly participate in physical activity were predicted by their utilitarian and self-esteem maintenance attitudes, the effects of which were further moderated by individuals' strength of self-monitoring and self-esteem, respectively. In addition to theoretical implications, this research indicates that campaign planners should consider the use of more-detailed attitude constructs and design functionally matched messages according to the target's personality traits.
Cultural Competence and Perceptions of Community Health Workers’ Effectiveness for Reducing Health Care Disparities

Introduction: Community health worker (CHW) interventions improve health outcomes of patients from underserved communities, but health professionals’ perceptions of their effectiveness may impede integration of CHWs into health care delivery systems. Whether health professionals’ attitudes and skills, such as those related to cultural competence, influence perceptions of CHWs, is unknown. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to providers and clinical staff from 6 primary care practices in Maryland from April to December 2011. We quantified the associations of self-reported cultural competence and preparedness with attitudes toward the effectiveness of CHWs using logistic regression adjusting for respondent age, race, gender, provider/staff status, and years at the practice. Results: We contacted 200 providers and staff, and 119 (60%) participated. Those reporting more cultural motivation had higher odds of perceiving CHWs as helpful for reducing health care disparities (odds ratio [OR] = 9.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.48-28.80). Those reporting more frequent culturally competent behaviors also had higher odds of believing CHWs would help reduce health disparities (OR = 3.58, 95% CI = 1.61-7.92). Attitudes toward power and assimilation were not associated with perceptions of CHWs. Cultural preparedness was associated with perceived utility of CHWs in reducing health care disparities (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.21-4.51). Conclusions: Providers and staff with greater cultural competence and preparedness have more positive expectations of CHW interventions to reduce healthcare disparities. Cultural competency training may complement the use of CHWs and support their effective integration into primary care clinics that are seeking to reduce disparities.
The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, Relational Contracting.

This study is based on the belief that economic organization is shaped by transaction cost economizing decisions. It sets out the basic principles of transaction cost economics, applies the basic arguments to economic institutions, and develops public policy implications. Any issue that arises, or can be recast as a matter of contracting, is usefully examined in terms of transaction costs. Transaction cost economics maintains that governance of contractual relations is mainly achieved through institutions of private ordering instead of legal centralism. This approach is based on behavioral assumptions of bounded rationalism and opportunism, which reflect actual human nature. These assumptions underlie the problem of economic organization: to create contract and governance structures that economize on bounded rationality while safeguarding transactions against the hazards of opportunism. The book first summarizes the transaction cost economics approach to the study of economic organization. It develops the underlying behavioral assumptions and the types of transactions; alternative approaches to the world of contracts are presented. Assuming that firms are best regarded as a governance structure, a comparative institutional approach to the governance of contractual relations is set out. The evidence, theory, and policy of vertical integration are discussed, on the basis that the decision to integrate is paradigmatic to transaction cost analysis. The incentives and bureaucratic limits of internal organization are presented, including the dilemma of why a large firm can't do everything a collection of small firms can do. The economics of organization in presented in terms of transaction costs, showing that hierarchy also serves efficiency and permits a variety of predictions about the organization of work. Efficient labor organization is explored; on the assumption that an authority relation prevails between workers and managers, what governance structure supports will be made in response to various types of job attributes are discussed, and implications for union organization are developed. Considering antitrust ramifications of transaction cost economics, the book summarizes transaction cost issues that arise in the context of contracting, merger, and strategic behavior, and challenges earlier antitrust preoccupation with monopoly. (TNM)
Chylous reflux in the lungs and pleurae 1

Lymphangiectasis of varying extent may be present in some cases of chronic pulmonary disease. Often the dilated lymphatic channels are not identified because pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema together with secondary inflammatory changes obscure the lymph vessel pathology. When chylothorax is associated with such chronic pulmonary pathology, attention may be drawn to the lymphatic system. The presence of a chylothorax is usually attributed to obstruction or injury of the thoracic duct, whereas in some cases chylous reflux into the lungs and pleurae via abnormal lymph channels in the lungs and pleurae as well as in the mediastinum may cause the chylothorax. In rare instances a patient may actually expectorate chylous fluid which seeps into the bronchi from the abnormal peribronchial lymphatics. A detailed analysis of reported cases together with some personal experience has demonstrated that pathological changes in the pulmonary and pleural lymphatic vessels are more common than is usually appreciated. The normal remarkable regenerative potential which is usually evident after experimental interruption of the lymphatics apparently is lacking in some humans due to genetic and other factors. Thus pathological changes, difficult to simulate experimentally, may be encountered. Lymphangiectasis is often found not to be limited to a single organ if complete studies of the lymphatic system are made.
T-cell TGF-β signaling abrogation restricts medulloblastoma progression

Significance Medulloblastoma (MB) is a tumor of the cerebellum that primarily forms in pediatric patients during brain development. The immune system ultimately fails to eradicate MB because it is “blind” to tumor cells as a result of poor brain immune surveillance caused by the existence of the blood–brain barrier and the brain’s immune privileged status. Another mechanism of tumor escape is immune suppressors that act as a “smokescreen,” blocking effective antitumor immunity. We show that blockade of the TGF-β signaling pathway promotes memory T cell development, conferring antitumor immunity to the smoothened A1 mouse model of MB. Our data lay the cellular immune mechanistic framework for blocking T cell TGF-β signaling in pediatric brain cancer. Cancer cell secretion of TGF-β is a potent mechanism for immune evasion. However, little is known about how central nervous system tumors guard against immune eradication. We sought to determine the impact of T-cell TGF-β signaling blockade on progression of medulloblastoma (MB), the most common pediatric brain tumor. Genetic abrogation of T-cell TGF-β signaling mitigated tumor progression in the smoothened A1 (SmoA1) transgenic MB mouse. T regulatory cells were nearly abolished and antitumor immunity was mediated by CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes. To define the CD8 T-cell subpopulation responsible, primed CD8 T cells were adoptively transferred into tumor-bearing immunocompromised SmoA1 recipients. This led to generation of CD8+/killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 high (KLRG1hi)/IL-7Rlo short-lived effector cells that expressed granzyme B at the tumor. These results identify a cellular immune mechanism whereby TGF-β signaling blockade licenses the T-cell repertoire to kill pediatric brain tumor cells.
Heuristic Algorithm for Proportional Fair Scheduling in D2D-Cellular Systems

The effective reuse of the radio resources in D2D communication underlaying cellular system is pivotal for enhancing the total system capacity. Developing practical and effective scheduling schemes is critical to the success of D2D-based cellular systems. An optimal proportionally fair (PF) scheduling scheme that maximizes the logarithmic sum of the user data rates is proposed in this paper. Considering the fact that the computational complexity of the optimal PF scheduling is significantly high, low-complexity heuristic algorithm has also been proposed. It has been shown that the heuristic algorithm achieves high logarithmic sum of the average user data rates while maintaining low-computational complexity. Simulation results are used to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, and to compare it with the optimal PF scheduling algorithms.
Project of a HTS Synchronous Machine Emulated by a Linear Motor

The substitution of conventional copper windings for coated conductor ones in high power electric machines allow smaller, lighter and more efficient motors and generators in comparison to those of same power class, among several other electrical advantages as higher stability. This work shows the development and tests of a linear HTS motor as the starting point to the design and construction of a high power HTS synchronous machine. Previous study of a linear motor is justified by its operational advantages and reliability, especially of the cryogenic systems. It also can emulate a small section of a larger machine, given sufficiently long diameter and number of pairs of poles. Single pancake racetrack coils made of SuperPower's HTS SCS4050i-ap in liquid nitrogen at 77 K compose the linear motor air core field windings. Their design, V-I self-field characterization and magnetic field mapping are displayed as well. Static Force-Position measures validate the simulated results. In this first approach, the armature is a typical iron-tooth core. Since the magnetic fields are bellow saturation point, an ironless armature is not yet justifiable. Future designs will include multi-layered racetrack coils field windings with higher magnetic flux density and a coreless armature.
On the economics of volunteering

The past decade has witnessed a surge in private, volunteer activity across the globe, generating an optimistic belief in the potential of “civil society” in “filling” the niches where both the state and markets have failed. While this has stirred a burgeoning academic interest in the third sector, with a proliferation of studies from the perspective of political science, sociology, and social politics, economic interest has been rather lackluster. Economic theories that may enrich our understanding of volunteering behavior have either not received adequate attention or have not been explicitly identified. Furthermore, the significant contribution made by volunteer labor goes unnoticed in economic terms, as national income and labor force statistics are designed to gather information primarily on “remunerated” economic activity. Recognizing this lacuna, this paper attempts to develop a conceptual framework to measure the economic contribution made by volunteer labor, thereby hoping to raise its societal appreciation. To do so, we make forays in the following directions: (1) capture the theoretical underpinnings on the economics of volunteering; (2) incorporate that in developing a suitable methodological framework to accord an “economic value” to volunteer labor; (3) use relevant data sources to generate, some initial, but understandably rough estimates to comprehend its contribution to national output and employment. Our results indicate that volunteering is a substantial activity in most developed countries, and is growing in importance in many developing countries. Sound economic analyses applied to good descriptive cross-country data on volunteering could shed light on many fundamental issues: Why has voluntarism flourished in some societies, yet languished in others? Does it play inherently different roles in the “North” vis-a-vis the “South”? And, most importantly, how does the level of development affect voluntarism, i.e. is it rising or declining with development?
Sugar‐feeding status alters biting midge photoattraction

The biting midge Culicoides sonorensis Wirth and Jones (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) transmits pathogens to both livestock and wildlife. Biting midge surveillance relies heavily on light traps for collection; however, little is known about the light spectra preferences of C. sonorensis midges. A light assay arena was constructed and light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) of various light spectra were used as light sources to evaluate midge photoattraction. A comparison of responses to light spectra indicated the highest proportions of C. sonorensis were attracted to ultraviolet (UV) light and that midges differentiated 10‐nm differences in wavelength. Stronger intensities of UV light resulted in greater attraction. Midges exhibited both sugar‐seeking and escape behaviours under different conditions of sugar supplementation before and during the experiment. These behaviours occurred with lights of 355 nm and 365 nm in wavelength. Based on the results of this study, the attraction of C. sonorensis to light traps can be improved through the use of bright LEDs at 355 nm or 365 nm.