Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Regulation to Maintain Moderate Self-Views: Prior Self-Regulation Increases Biases Related to Self-Esteem

High self-esteem is associated with biases in which the person overestimates their positivity, whereas low self-esteem is associated with underestimations of one’s positivity. The current study examined whether these biases emerge more strongly when self-regulation is impaired. Participants first completed a task that either did or did not require self-regulation. They later interacted with another participant and indicated the extent to which they viewed themselves as having behaved positively during the interaction and to which the other participant viewed them positively. Higher self-esteem predicted a greater bias in overestimating the extent to which the other person viewed one positively, but this relationship was the strongest among participants who had completed the self-regulatory task. Past work has found that self-regulating impairs self-regulation later on. These findings therefore suggest that self-regulation is a mechanism through which personal biases are avoided and moderate views are maintained.
Level in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Having Hyperandrogenemia Increased Expression of Kindlin 2 in Luteinized Granulosa Cells Correlates With Androgen Receptor

Hyperandrogenemia is the leading defect in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and considered to be involved in the ovulation dysfunction of PCOS. During the process of ovulation, granulosa cells (GCs) undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and integrin-interacting protein kindlin 2 is a well-known regulator in EMT. Therefore, our objective here was to compare the expression levels of kindlin 2 in luteinized GCs between patients with PCOS and control women and the relationship between kindlin 2 and PCOS pathogenesis. In this study, kindlin 2 expression was significantly increased in luteinized GCs from patients with PCOS, and kindlin 2 could be induced by testosterone both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, kindlin 2 was positively correlated with androgen receptor (AR) in PCOS GCs. Taken together, kindlin 2 may play a role in luteinized GCs, especially in the case of excess androgen. Further studies are required to assess the specific role of kindlin 2 in follicular development and PCOS pathogenesis.
WHEN THE PUT-CALL PARITY IS NOT FULFILLED *

Standard methodologies for the derivation of implied trees from option prices are based on the validity of the put-call parity. Muzzioli and Torricelli (2002) propose a methodology which accounts for PCP violations. Based on this latter approach the present paper advances in two main directions. First we propose a different methodology in order to imply the interval of artificial probabilities at each node of the tree. Secondly, we perform an empirical validation of the implied tree obtained, both in the sample and out of sample, by using DAX index options data set covering the period from January 4, 1999 to December 28, 2000. Numerical results are compared with one of the most used standard methodologies, i.e. Derman and Kani’s. The results suggest that the estimation proposed, by taking into account the informational content of both call and put prices, highly improves both the in-the-sample fitting and the out-of-sample performance.
MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS AND PERSONALITY CORRELATES OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE BEHAVIOR

Although exercise can have many advantages, there are still many people that tend to be less active. For this reason, try to understand factor related to physical activity and that encouraging exercise is an essential area of health promotion and a priority to prevent serious diseases. The aim of the study was to analyze psychological factors (personality traits and motivation) related to physical activity and that encouraging or reducing exercise. 474 voluntary regular exercisers were recruited for the study. Participants completed Big Five Questionnaire and Behavioural Regulation Exercise Questionnaire-2, and also their exercise frequency was recorded. Results showed that personality traits and motivation are strongly related with exercise frequency and, both seem to play a significant predictive role in structuring exercise behavior.
The University of Chicago Sex Roles and Mutual Mate Choice Matter during Mate Sampling . Author ( s ) :

The roles of females and males in mating competition and mate choice have lately proven more variable, between and within species, than previously thought. In nature, mating competition occurs during mate search and is expected to be regulated by the numbers of potential mates and same-sex competitors. Here, we present the first study to test how a temporal change in sex roles affects mating competition and mate choice during mate sampling. Our model system (the marine fish Gobiusculus flavescens) is uniquely suitable because of its change in sex roles, from conventional to reversed, over the breeding season. As predicted from sex role theory, courtship was typically initiated by males and terminated by females early in the breeding season. The opposite pattern was observed late in the season, at which time several females often simultaneously courted the same male. Mate-searching females visited more males early than late in the breeding season. Our study shows that mutual mate choice and mating competition can have profound effects on female and male behavior. Future work needs to consider the dynamic nature of mating competition and mate choice if we aim to fully understand sexual selection in the wild.
Variables among Men Male Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Disorder Symptomatology : Moderating

Body dissatisfaction is recognized as a robust risk factor for eating disorders. Despite over 80% of college men are body dissatisfied, not all men report several levels of eating disorder symptoms. In this study, we examined poor impulse control, social anxiety and internalization of media ideals as potential moderators. Data collected from 405 college-aged men were analysed, using latent variable structural equation modelling approach. All variables investigated have been found to moderate the body dissatisfaction–eating disorder symptomatology, such that male body dissatisfaction was strongly related to men’s eating disorder symptomatology when each moderator was at its highest level. Practical implications are discussed.
Impact of Cross-Border Road Infrastructure on Trade and Investment in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region

This paper investigates the impact of cross-border road infrastructure on trade and foreign direct investment in the Greater Mekong Subregion using panel data from 1981 to 2003. Empirical analysis based on a gravity-model approach suggests that the development of cross-border road infrastructure has had a positive effect on intra-regional trade in major commodities with its elasticity in the range of 0.6-1.4. When the impact of domestic road infrastructure is assessed separately, it has been associated with increased trade. When cross-border and domestic road infrastructure are considered together, the former has had a positive and the latter has had a negative association, respectively, with trade. Results regarding the impact of road infrastructure on FDI flows are ambiguous, although data limitations appear to have attributed to the poor performance of these estimates. This paper was presented at the 3rd Annual Latin America/Caribbean and Asia/Pacific Economics and Business Association (LAEBA) Meeting held in Seoul, South Korea on November 16th, 2006.
Chemical and isotopic snow variability in East Antarctica along the 2001/02 ITASE traverse

Abstract As part of the International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition (ITASE) project, a traverse was carried out from November 2001 to January 2002 through Terre Adélie, George V Land, Oates Land and northern Victoria Land, for a total length of about 1875 km. The research goal is to determine the latitudinal and longitudinal variability of physical, chemical and isotopic parameters along three transects: one west–east transect (WE), following the 2150m contour line (about 400 km inland of the Adélie, George V and Oates coasts), and two north–south transects (inland Terre Adélie and Oates Coast–Talos Dome–Victoria Land). The intersection between the WE and Oates Coast–Victoria Land transects is in the Talos Dome area. Along the traverse, eight 2 m deep snow pits were dug and sampled with a 2.5 cm depth resolution. For spatial variability, 1 m deep integrated samples were collected every 5 km (363 sampling sites). In the snow-pit stratigraphy, pronounced annual cycles, with summer maxima, were observed for nssSO4 2–, MSA, NO3 – and H2O2. The seasonality of these chemical trace species was used in combination with stable-isotope stratigraphy to derive reliable and temporally representative snow-accumulation rates. The study of chemical, isotopic and accumulation-rate variability allowed the identification of a distribution pattern which is controlled not only by altitude and distance from the sea, but also by the complex circulation of air masses in the study area. In particular, although the Talos Dome area is almost equidistant from the Southern Ocean and the Ross Sea, local atmospheric circulation is such that the area is strongly affected only by the Ross Sea. Moreover, we observed a decrease in concentration of aerosol components in the central portion of the WE transect and in the southern portion of the Talos Dome transect; this decrease was linked to the higher stability of atmospheric pressure due to the channelling of katabatic winds.
Assessment of Students' Perception of Dress Code in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: A Study of Federal College of Education Zaria.

Indiscipline constitutes one of the major impediments to academic excellence in Nigeria. This study examines the reasons and consequences of student violation of the Dress Code in Federal College of Education Zaria. Both primary and secondary data were utilized and these data were qualitatively and qualitatively analysed to answer the research questions. Finding shows that the students' perception of the Dress Code was due to their family background and the influence of the school environment. The study also reveals that despite the high level of students' awareness of the Dress Code, and the efforts of the Students' Affairs Unit, Security Unit, and the lecturers to enforce the Dress Code, there is still a high rate of students' violation of the Dress Code. The reasons adduced for the above includes; haphazard implementation of the Dress Code by those responsible for the implementation, and lack of political-will on the part of the College management to ensure the full implementation of the Dress Code. The study therefore recommends among others that the College management should not interfere unnecessary in the activities of those shouldered with the responsibility of enforcing the Dress Code in the College. A symbiotic relationship between the College management is required to ensure the effective implementation of the Dress Code and other rules and regulations guiding the conducts of the students in the College.
INHIBITION OF COLON CARCINOGENESIS BY NON-NUTRITIVE CONSTITUENTS IN FOODS

In addition to mutagens and/ or carcinogens many modulators in carcinogenesis exist in our environment. Some of them are contained in our regular foods and therefore dietary factors play a role in the development of some types of cancers including colon cancer. There are still many unknown constituents and/ or factors in foods that could either enhance or reduce the possibilities for developing cancer. Recent research indicated that in addition to the macro- and micronutrients, many common foods contain nonnutritive components, belonging to different chemical groups, that may protect against certain type of cancer including colon neoplasm. These chemicals are knows as “chemopreventive agents”. The mode of action of most chemopreventive agents is still unknown, although many of them are antioxidants. With increasing the incidence of colon cancer rising certainly, there is an ever increasing need to determine the most effective means to prevent colon cancer and to understand the mechanism(s) underlying successful prevention. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated protective effects of several naturally occurring and synthetic compounds against rat colon tumorigenesis. This article will introduce our recent studies in search for the chemopreventive effects of some flavonoids and other naturally occurring products in edible plants on colon carcinogenesis.
All Forms of Obstetrical Anesthesia Are Safe for Pregnant MS Patients

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological illness affecting adults at the timewhen they are most likely to consider starting a family. It is known that the risk of MS relapse declines during pregnancy but increases in the first 3 to 6months postpartum. It is also known that this risk is not affected by delivery method, anesthesia type, or parity. Unanswered questions remain, including long-term pregnancy effects on MS outcomes, effects of lactation on postpartum relapses, or the best management strategies of MS patients through reproductive cycle. This review provides information and guidelines for counseling patients with MS desiring motherhood.
US‐style contingent fees and UK‐style conditional fees: agency problems and the supply of legal services

Under contingent fees, the attorney gets a share of the judgment; under conditional fees, the lawyer gets an upscale premium if the case is won which is, however, unrelated to the adjudicated amount. We compare conditional and contingent fees in a principal-agent framework where the lawyer chooses unobservable effort after she has observed the amount at stake. Contingent fees provide better incentives than conditional fees independently of whether upfront payments are restricted to be non-negative or not. Under contingent fees, the attorney uses her information about what is at stake more efficiently. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Yield Comparisons Between Continuous No-Till and Tillage Rotations

ABSTRACT CONTINUOUS use of no-till planting systems may result in reduced yields, especially on finer textured soils that tend to be poorly drained. Soil compaction and poor soil aeration have been identified as possible factors contributing to the lower yields. Research conducted to evaluate tillage rotations on these soils shows that periodic use of the moldboard plow can result in statistically higher yields as compared to continuous no-till. However, use of chisel plow and disk tillage systems following three years of continuous no-till did not result in yield increases. A relationship between cone penetrometer index and yield indicates a trend toward lower yield with higher index values with continuous no-till having the highest index.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Measurement of the structure function of the nearly free neutron using spectator tagging in inelastic H2(e,eps)X scattering with CLAS

(Dated: Background: Much less is known about neutron structure than that of the proton due to the absence of free neutron targets. Neutron information is usually extracted from data on nuclear targets such as deuterium, requiring corrections for nuclear binding and nucleon oﬀ-shell eﬀects. These corrections are model dependent and have signiﬁcant uncertainties, especially for large values of the Bjorken scaling variable x . As a consequence, the same data can lead to diﬀerent conclusions, for example, about the behavior of the d quark distribution in the proton at large x . Purpose: The Barely Oﬀ-shell Nucleon Structure (BONuS) experiment at Jeﬀerson Lab measured the inelastic electron–deuteron scattering cross section, tagging spectator protons in coincidence with the scattered electrons. This method reduces nuclear binding uncertainties signiﬁcantly and has allowed for the ﬁrst time a (nearly) model-independent extraction of the neutron structure function F 2 ( x, Q 2 ) in the resonance and deep-inelastic regions. Method: A novel compact radial time projection chamber was built to detect protons with momentum between 70 and 150 MeV/ c and over a nearly 4 π angular range. For the extraction of the free-neutron structure function F n 2 , spectator protons at backward angles ( > 100 ◦ relative to the momentum transfer) and with momenta below 100 MeV/ c were selected, ensuring that the scattering took place on a nearly free neutron. The scattered electrons were detected with Jeﬀerson Lab’s CLAS spectrometer, with data taken at beam energies near 2, 4 and 5 GeV. Results: The extracted neutron structure function F n 2 and its ratio to the inclusive deuteron structure function F d 2 are presented in both the resonance and deep-inelastic regions for momentum transfer squared Q 2 between 0.7 and 5 GeV 2 /c 2 , invariant mass W between 1 and 2.7 GeV/ c 2 , and Bjorken x between 0.25 and 0.6 (in the DIS region). The dependence of the semi-inclusive cross section on the spectator proton momentum and angle is investigated, and tests of the spectator mechanism for diﬀerent kinematics are performed. Our data set on the structure function ratio F n 2 /F d 2 can be used to study neutron resonance excitations, test quark-hadron duality in the neutron, develop more precise parametrizations of structure functions, as well as investigate binding eﬀects (including possible mechanisms for the nuclear EMC eﬀect) and provide a ﬁrst glimpse of the asymptotic behavior of d/u at x → 1.
Reputation and Liquidity Traps

Can the central bank credibly commit to keeping the nominal interest rate low for an extended period of time in the aftermath of a deep recession? By analyzing credible plans in a sticky-price economy with occasionally binding zero lower bound constraints, I find that the answer is yes if contractionary shocks hit the economy with sufficient frequency. In the best credible plan, if the central bank reneges on the promise of low policy rates, it will lose reputation and the private sector will not believe such promises in future recessions. When the shock hits the economy sufficiently frequently, the incentive to maintain reputation outweighs the short-run incentive to close consumption and inflation gaps, keeping the central bank on the originally announced path of low nominal interest rates.
Eph Receptor – Mediated Immune Cell

The family of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ephrin ligands regulate a diverse array of physiologic processes, such as axonal guidance, bone remodeling, and immune cell development and trafficking. Eph/ephrin interactions have also been implicated in various pathologic processes, including inflammation, cancer, and tumor angiogenesis. Because Eph receptors play prominent roles in both the immune system and cancer, they likely impact the tumor immune microenvironment, an area in which Eph receptors remain understudied. Here, we provide the first comprehensive review of Eph receptors in the context of tumor immunity. With the recent rise of cancer immunotherapies as promising therapeutic interventions, further elucidation of the roles of Eph receptors in the tumor immune microenvironment will be critical for understanding and developing novel targets against tumor immune evasion. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6452–7. 2016 AACR.
Influence of Dietary Phosphorus and Zinc Levels on Whole Body Mineral, Liver Mineral, and Liver Vitamin-C Contents of Fingerling Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

A laboratory based 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary phosphorus and zinc levels on whole body mineral, liver mineral, and liver vitamin-C contents of fingerling rainbow trout for 21 weeks. Two levels of phosphorus (19 and 30 mg g -1 ) and two levels of zinc (55 and 100 µ g g -1 ) in the dry diets were tested. Duplicate tanks of 30 rainbow trout (average weight 1.56 ± 0.24 g) per 60L glass tank were fed experimental diets three times a day to satiation level in 15 to 24 o C water temperature. The result of the present study demonstrated that dietary zinc supplementation significantly influenced the whole body zinc and liver copper contents in fingerling rainbow trout where as additional phosphorus did not show any significant difference. Zinc supplementation significantly influenced the liver vitamin-C contents of the fish. Hence it is clear that zinc supplementation is necessary in fingerling rainbow trout feed. Further studies in this area are needed broadly.
A follow-up study of 32,019 total knee replacements in the Finnish Arthroplasty Register

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the source is credited. DOI 10.3109/17453674.2010. 501747 Background and purpose Total knee replacements (TKRs) are being increasingly performed in patients aged ≤ 65 years who often have high physical demands. We investigated the relation between age of the patient and prosthesis survival following primary TKR using nationwide data collected from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register. Materials From Jan 1, 1997 through Dec 31, 2003, 32,019 TKRs for primary or secondary osteoarthritis were reported to the Finnish Arthroplasty Register. The TKRs were followed until the end of 2004. During the follow-up, 909 TKRs were revised, 205 (23%) due to infection and 704 for other reasons. Results Crude overall implant survival improved with increasing age between the ages of 40 and 80. The 5-year survival rates were 92% and 95% in patients aged ≤ 55 and 56–65 years, respectively, compared to 97% in patients who were > 65 years of age (p < 0.001). The difference was mainly attributable to reasons other than infections. Sex, diagnosis, type of TKR (condylar, constrained, or hinge), use of patellar component, and fixation method were also associated with higher revision rates. However, the differences in prosthesis survival between the age groups ≤ 55, 56–65, and > 65 years remained after adjustment for these factors (p < 0.001). Interpretation Young age impairs the prognosis of TKR and is associated with increased revision rates for non-infectious reasons. Diagnosis, sex, type of TKR, use of patellar component, and fixation method partly explain the differences, but the effects of physical activity, patient demands, and obesity on implant survival in younger patients warrant further research.
Evaluation of nutrient addition to diesel biodegradation in contaminated soils

Increasing public concern towards petroleum pollution demands for new and more environmentally efficient low-cost strategies for cleaning up contaminated sites. Diesel biodegradation by microbial communities was investigated in artificially contaminated soils by supplementing commercial fertilizers under laboratory conditions. The amounts of oil degraded at each sampling day were determined by the Soxhlet extraction method, the quantities of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds and hydrocarbon content in the treated and non-treated soil samples were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The significant enhancement of diesel degradation was observed soon after the supplementation of fertilizers in loam soil and sea sand, but not in clay soil. The fertilizer supplements stimulated higher degradations, but no significant differences in contaminated sea sand and loam soil after 60 days of incubation period. The inhibitory effect of adding fertilizers was observed in the clay soil. The breakdown of hydrocarbon C>16 were relatively faster than the shorter chain compounds such as C9. In conclusion, the supplementation of fertilizer stimulates the diesel degradation rate in the contaminated soil and the effects of nutrient supplementation are dependant upon soil types, existing nutrients and microbial populations. Key words: Diesel, bioremediation, biostimulation, fertilizers