Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FUTURES FULL OF PROMISE, FUTURES OF DESPAIR. CONTRASTING TEMPORALITIES IN THE LIFE NARRATIVE OF YOUNG CZECHS

On the backdrop of increasing anxieties about the state of the world and its future found among by scholars and grassroots alike, this article explores young people’s narratives of the future, paying particular attention to dominant temporal structures through which the young people frame their expectations and imagine their lives to come. The article builds on research with young Czechs in three different regions of the country, carried out in the years 2007–2009 and 2014–2016. In addition it incorporates elements from my former work on post-socialist transformations in rural Czech Republic. Drawing on anthropological debates about time, agency and social change, and on recent scholarship on nostalgia, I argue for the necessity of a diversified understanding of temporality when analysing narrations of both lived lives and future visions; linear and reproductive temporalities appear to co-exist with conceptions of time as accelerated, incoherent and unpredictable. Further, I argue that time or temporality is not just something which people are subject to; it also involves agency. This implies that well-established temporal frameworks can be used to narrate expectations for the future, or that different temporal frameworks can be strategically combined to manage both the present and the future.
Radiological observations on the olfactory fossa and ethmoid roof

Abstract Objective: To establish normative dimensions for the depth of the olfactory fossa, the length and angulation of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate, and the height of the ethmoid roof, in adult males and females. Design: The study assessed 300 high resolution, multislice computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses, which were evaluated using Merge Efilm software (version 2.0.0, build 37). Results: According to the original Keros classification, the type II olfactory fossa was the commonest type in men (66.7 per cent), while the type I fossa was commonest in women (53 per cent). A difference of 3 mm or more between the depths of the right and left olfactory fossae was present in 11 per cent of men and 2 per cent of women. The lateral lamella of the cribriform plate was significantly shorter and less oblique in men than in women. The length of the lateral lamella was greater anteriorly than posteriorly in both sexes. There was a statistically significant difference between the angle of the lateral lamellae, comparing right and left sides. The ethmoid roof was lower in women than men. Conclusion: The observed differences between men and women and between the right and left sides are of surgical importance, and should alert surgeons to the need for thorough, systematic pre-operative evaluation of computed tomography scans.
Phase II trial of chemoembolization for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the liver and review of the literature

Hepatic artery chemoembolization represents an alternative treatment for patients whose neoplastic lesions are not amenable or have become refractory to other treatment modalities. This project was designed to test the feasibility of regional chemoembolization for patients with colorectal carcinoma metastasis to the liver who had experienced failure with one or more systemic treatments.
Infectious episodes in runners before and after the Los Angeles Marathon.

An epidemiologic study of Los Angeles Marathon (LAM) applicants was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-reported infectious episodes (IE), training data, and LAM participation. Eight days before the LAM, 4926 of 12,200 applicants were randomly selected, and sent a pilot-tested four page questionnaire, which was received 7 days after the LAM. The 2311 respondents were found to be 2.0 yr older and 7.6 min faster than other LAM finishers (p less than .01). Univariate and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were conducted to test the relationship between IE and km/wk of running (6 total categories). The final model tested controlled for age, marital status, reported sickness in other members of the runner's home, perceived feelings of stress in response to personal training regimens, and the suppressive effect of sickness on regular training. In runners training greater than or equal to 97 vs less than 32 km/wk, the odds ratio (OR) for IE during the 2 month period prior to the LAM was 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-3.4). A test for trend showed an increase in OR with increase in km/wk category (p = .04) which was largely explained by the increased odds of reported sickness in the greater than or equal to 97 km/wk category. Of the 1828 LAM participants without IE before the LAM, 236 (12.9%) reported IE during the week following the LAM vs 3 of 134 (2.2%) similarly experienced runners who did not participate, OR = 5.9 (95% CI 1.9-18.8). These data suggest that runners may experience increased odds for IE during heavy training or following a marathon race.
A specific radioimmunossay for testosterone in peripheral plasma.

Abstract A rapid (1 day) and specific assay for testosterone has been developed, which may possess some advantages over recently published RIA's, for general use. The antibody, generated with testosterone-3-oxime, coupled to bovine thyroglobulin, resulted in a high-working titer (1:40,000) and a relatively low cross-reaction to DHT and androstanediol. Rapidity and specificity are primarily achieved by use of a reusable Celite microcolumn, which effectively separates known steroid mimics. After incubation, with antibody, separation of bound from free steroid is accomplished by ammonium sulfate which is not time-dependent. Despite the rapidity and simplicity of the assay, data obtained indicate that it is highly specific for testosterone, and the availability of the antibody makes it a practical approach for others.
Complications of the intrauterine device in nulliparous and parous women

Objectives: The intrauterine device (IUD) is still related to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), pregnancy, expulsion, perforation and menstrual problems, particularly in nulliparous women. We aimed to study the complications and symptoms of the intrauterine device in general practice, particularly in nulliparous women. Methods: We used a retrospective cohort study in four general practices participating in the Nijmegen Continuous Morbidity Registration. Selected women had one or more IUDs inserted between 1981 and 2000. Data on complications, symptoms and removal of the IUD were obtained from the medical records. Results: 461 women were included, 129 nulliparous and 332 parous women. Users of copper IUDs had a rate of PID of 3.5 per 1000 women-years, rates of (ectopic) pregnancy of 0.6 to 1.1% per year and rates of expulsion of 0 to 1.2% per year. Rates of expulsion for the levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs were 0 to 0.2% per year. Nulliparous women did not show more complications than parous women. Menstrual problems were frequent among users of copper and levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs. One third of the IUDs were removed within the first year after insertion. There was no significant excess of IUD removal among nulliparous women compared with parous women. Main reasons for removal were ‘menstrual problems’ and ‘contraception no longer necessary’. Conclusion: Both copper and levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs are safe and highly effective contraceptives, which can adequately be inserted and monitored by general practitioners in nulliparous and parous women.
Discipline Patterns in a Public-School District with a History of Disproportionate Suspensions

Discipline Patterns in a Public-School District with a History of Disproportionate Suspensions by Barbara M. Slingerland MA, State University of NY at Geneseo, 1985 BA, State University of NY at Geneseo, 1984 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education
Precursor frequency analysis of human cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against autologous melanoma cells

Limiting numbers of peripheral‐blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from melanoma patients were stimulated with irradiated autologous tumor cells in the presence of interleukins‐2 and −4 and in the absence of feeder cells. The responder cells were restimulated every week. After 2 to 4 weeks, the micro‐ cultures were tested for their lytic activity against the autologous tumor cells. Significant lysis of the tumor cells was observed with a fraction of these microcultures, whereas no lysis was observed with control microcultures seeded without stimulator melanoma cells. Because our aim was to measure the precursor frequency of CTL showing specificity for the tumor, and not that of NK‐like effectors that were also capable of lysing the melanoma cells, we used cold‐target inhibition with an excess of NK target K562 to inhibit the NK‐like activity. Microcultures whose lysis on the tumor cells was not abolished by K562 competition were observed. The specificity of these CTL clones was confirmed by the absence of lytic activity on autologous T‐cell blasts. The numbers of microcultures with anti‐tumor CTL activity fitted the zero‐order of the Poisson distribution equation, indicating that they resulted from the activity of single T‐cell clones. The frequency of anti‐tumor CTL precursor cells (CTL‐P) of 7 melanoma patients ranged from 1/900 to 1/33,000. Frequencies of anti‐tumoral CTL‐P were higher and NK‐like effectors were less frequent when sorted CDS+ T lymphocytes were used as responder cells.
New Rodent Population Models May Inform Human Health Risk Assessment and Identification of Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Exposures

Background: This paper provides an introduction for environmental health scientists to emerging population-based rodent resources. Mouse reference populations provide an opportunity to model environmental exposures and gene–environment interactions in human disease and to inform human health risk assessment. Objectives: This review will describe several mouse populations for toxicity assessment, including older models such as the Mouse Diversity Panel (MDP), and newer models that include the Collaborative Cross (CC) and Diversity Outbred (DO) models. Methods: This review will outline the features of the MDP, CC, and DO mouse models and will discuss published case studies investigating the use of these mouse population resources in each step of the risk assessment paradigm. Discussion: These unique resources have the potential to be powerful tools for generating hypotheses related to gene–environment interplay in human disease, performing controlled exposure studies to understand the differential responses in humans for susceptibility or resistance to environmental exposures, and identifying gene variants that influence sensitivity to toxicity and disease states. Conclusions: These new resources offer substantial advances to classical toxicity testing paradigms by including genetically sensitive individuals that may inform toxicity risks for sensitive subpopulations. Both in vivo and complementary in vitro resources provide platforms with which to reduce uncertainty by providing population-level data around biological variability. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1274
The French Polidocanol Study on Long‐Term Side Effects: A Survey Covering 3,357 Patient Years

BACKGROUND, AIMS Short‐ and mid‐term side effects of sclerotherapy, in particular with polidocanol (lauromacrogol 400), have been previously described in our registry of 12,173 sessions. The objective of this follow‐up registry was to evaluate the long‐term incidence of adverse events with polidocanol. METHODS The physicians involved in the initial French registry were contacted and asked to partake in the follow‐up survey. Initially included patients were controlled at the latest possible date to determine whether a complication had occurred after the end of the initial survey. RESULTS Data on 1,605 patients included in the French registry were reviewed with a maximum follow‐up of 60 months, covering 3,357 patient years. Five (0.4%) adverse events were observed in patients treated with liquid polidocanol and 46 (1.1%) in patients treated with polidocanol foam. The most frequent side effects were visual disturbances (n=14), and the most severe were muscular vein thrombosis (n=8). The onset of side effects was mostly observed directly after sclerotherapy or in the 6 months after (84% in the first year). One deep vein thrombosis recurrence occurred in a patient with heterozygote Factor V Leiden after stopping anticoagulant treatment (foam sclerotherapy). CONCLUSIONS Foam sclerotherapy is a recognized reference method in the treatment of varicose veins of all types. This study demonstrates that polidocanol is a safe sclerosing agent in the short and long term. This study was fully sponsored by Kreussler & Co (Germany). Dorothe. Schliephake, Joachim Otto, and Serge Mako are employees of Kreussler.
Case–control study of teratogenic potential of thiethylperazine, an anti‐emetic drug

Objective Thiethylperazine is a commonly used anti‐emetic drug during pregnancy in Hungary. One experimental study in mice and rats found an increased occurrence of cleft palate after the use of thiethylperazine during pregnancy but the human data of thiethylperazine have not been reported. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the possible human teratogenic effect of thiethylperazine.
40. Functional deficits in the extrastriate body area during observation of sports-related actions in schizophrenia

Exercise and sports are increasingly being implemented in the management of schizophrenia. The process of action perception is as important as that of motor execution for learning and acquiring new skills. Recent studies have suggested that body-selective extrastriate body area (EBA) in the posterior temporal-occipital cortex is involved not only in static visual perception of body parts but also in the planning, imagination, and execution of actions. However, functional abnormality of the EBA in schizophrenia has yet to be investigated. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a task designed to activate the EBA by sports-related actions, we aimed to elucidate functional abnormality of the EBA during observation of sports-related actions in patients with schizophrenia. Twelve schizophrenia patients and 12 age-sex-matched control participants participated in the study. Using sports-related motions as visual stimuli, we examined brain activations during observation of context-congruent actions relative to context-incongruent actions by fMRI. Compared with controls, the patients with schizophrenia demonstrated diminished activation in the EBA during observation of sports-related context-congruent actions. Furthermore, the EBA activation in patients was negatively correlated with the severity of negative and general psychopathology symptoms measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Dysfunction of the EBA might reflect a difficulty in representing dynamic aspects of human actions and possibly lead to impairments of simulation, learning, and execution of actions in schizophrenia.
Chemical phenotypes of muscle and cutaneous afferent neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion

Retrograde labeling was combined with cytochemistry to investigate phenotypic differences in primary afferent neurons relaying sensory information from deep and superficial craniofacial tissues. Calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM) immunoreactivity and isolectin IB4, and cholera toxin B (ChTB) binding were examined for trigeminal masticatory muscle and cutaneous afferent neurons. Somata labeled from muscle were larger than cutaneous afferent neurons. Muscle afferent neurons exhibited positive staining as follows: 22% CGRP, 5% SP, 0% SOM; 18% ChTB, 5% IB4. The somata of CGRP‐ and SP‐positive muscle afferent neurons were smaller than that of the overall muscle afferent population. Size differences were not detected between IB4‐ or ChTB‐binding muscle afferent neurons and the total muscle afferent population. The following distribution was found for cutaneous afferent neurons: 26% CGRP, 7% SP, 1% SOM, 26% ChTB, 44% IB4. Cutaneous afferent neurons positive for SP were smaller, while ChTB‐binding cutaneous afferents were larger than the overall cutaneous afferent population. No size differences were found between cutaneous CGRP‐, SOM‐, or IB4‐positive neurons and the total cutaneous afferent population. Target‐specific differences exist for SOM and IB4. The percentage of cutaneous afferent neurons positive for SOM and IB4 exceeds that for SOM‐ or IB4‐positive muscle afferents. The number of retrogradely labeled neurons never differed between sexes. The percentage of retrogradely labeled muscle afferent neurons that were CGRP‐positive was greater in males than females. These data indicate the presence of phenotypic, target, and sex differences in trigeminal ganglion primary afferent neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 460:167–179, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DO-Fast: a round-robin opportunistic scheduling protocol for device-to-device communications

In this paper, we consider the distributed opportunistic scheduling problem for the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM-based device-to-device D2D communications, where D2D links contend for access to the dedicated spectrum with limited assistance from cellular infrastructures. Particularly, a synchronous distributed opportunistic scheduling protocol under fairness constraints DO-Fast is prompted. In DO-Fast, a round-robin strategy is integrated with the opportunistic scheduling to tackle the trade-off between system throughput and access fairness. Moreover, without instantaneous channel state information at receivers, we incorporate a priority allocation scheme, where access priorities are assigned randomly in a local fashion. Consequently, DO-Fast is robust against imperfect channel estimates and inaccurate channel state information ordering. In addition, the opportunistic strategy in DO-Fast is distinguished from the existing ones in that efficient spatial reuse is exploited by allowing concurrent transmissions based on the signal-to-interference ratio scheduling criterion. Meanwhile, access opportunities are moderately granted for poor quality links by the round-robin strategy for fairness considerations. We analyze and compare three practical scheduling strategies in terms of the access probability. We also evaluate access fairness through Jain's Index. It is shown via numerical and simulation results that DO-Fast could achieve efficient spectrum utilization and guarantee the short-term fairness. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition in Patients With Orthostatic Intolerance

Summary: The efficacy of current therapeutic measures in orthostatic intolerance (OI) varies among patients and is oftentimes unsatisfactory. New approaches to alleviate symptoms of OI are therefore clearly needed. Recent reports have demonstrated that acetylcholinesterase inhibition is effective in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension with the presumed mechanism of enhancing sympathetic ganglionic transmission. Based on the hypothesis that acetylcholinesterase inhibition, by improving the safety factor of cholinergic transmission, will result in enhanced vascular adrenergic tone and a vagal shift in cardiac sympathovagal balance, we evaluated the role of acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the treatment of patients with OI. We monitored heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and indexes for cardiac output, end-diastolic volume, and systemic resistance continuously in 18 patients with OI during supine rest and during 5 minutes of 70° head-up tilt before and 1 hour after oral administration of 60 mg pyridostigmine. Plasma catecholamines and baroreflex sensitivity were determined for the supine and upright position before and after medication. Patients scored orthostatic symptoms for both tilt studies. The excessive HR response to orthostatic stress was significantly blunted after pyridostigmine administration. HR was significantly lower in the supine and more so in the upright position. Baroreflex sensitivity in the upright position was significantly higher after pyridostigmine. Norepinephrine was increased in both supine and upright position. These changes were associated with significant improvement of orthostatic symptoms. We conclude that pyridostigmine improves orthostatic tolerance in patients with OI. Our findings support the suggested mechanisms of enhanced sympathetic ganglionic neurotransmission and a vagal shift in cardiac sympathovagal balance. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition could be a new useful concept in the treatment of OI.
Trade, Inequality, and Subjective Well-Being: Getting at the Roots of the Backlash Against Globalization

Many countries in the Western hemisphere are currently experiencing a backlash against globalization. Most of the research examining the issue has concentrated on international specialization and within-country income inequality as main drivers of the backlash. Doing so, the discussion has primarily revolved around the question whether and to what extend the income distribution has widened and whether trade is responsible indeed. However, political trends may be more grounded in perceptions than facts, thus giving rise to inappropriate populist policies. The difference matters all the more as the former may be accentuated by (social) media. Drawing mainly on subjective well-being (SWB) data from theWorld Values Survey (WVS) and income statistics from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), this paper shows in an international cross-section analysis that income inequality is perceived very differently depending on openness to trade. The relevance of perceptions has wider politico-economic implications in that it carries the risk of costly anti-trade policies, without necessarily narrowing the income distribution.
Validation studies of the Pregnancy Unique-Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) scores

The Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) is a scoring system to quantify the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). Based on quantification of the 3 physical symptoms of NVP (nausea, vomiting and retching), PUQE closely correlates with the validated but much more complex Rhodes' score. We examined the ability of PUQE to predict four independent aspects of NVP: (a) pregnant women's ability to take multivitamins. (b) rates of emergency room visits and hospitalisation for NVP. (c) health cost of NVP. (d) women's self scores of well-being in NVP. Using large prospective cohorts of women for each end point, severity of NVP measured by PUQE had significant predictive value for all 4 aspects sought. PUQE has been validated through 4 independent clinical outcomes of direct importance and relevance for NVP. The simplicity of PUQE and the ease of its execution make it a practical tool for both clinical follow-up and research.