Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli causing colibacillosis in calf in selective areas of Bangladesh

This study was carried out to isolate, identify and characterize Escherichia coli from diarrheic calves, their prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern during the period from November 2011 to December 2012. For this purpose 100 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from four different areas of Bangladesh. The samples were aseptically collected and brought to the laboratory of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The organisms were identified as E. coli on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further the isolated bacteria were confirmed by amplification of E. coli specific 16sRNA gene. The antibiotic resistant pattern of the isolates was also performed. Out of 100 samples 49 (49%) were found to be positive for E. coli . The highest prevalence was found in Shahjadpur, Sirajganj (53.33%) while lowest was in BAU, Mymensingh (40%). The antibiogram study revealed that all isolates were resistant against ampicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin and streptomycin where erythromycin was 100% resistant, whereas 100% sensitivity was found to tetracycline and gentamicin which might be the best choice of drug for the treatment of diarrheagenic E. coli causing colibacillosis in calves. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i2. 19139 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11(2): 145-149
The existence results for a coupled system of nonlinear fractional differential equations with multi-point boundary conditions

In this paper, we study a coupled system of nonlinear fractional diﬀerential equations with multi-point boundary condi- tions. The diﬀerential operator is taken in the Riemann-Liouville sense. Applying the Schauder ﬁxed-point theorem and the contrac- tion mapping principle, two existence results are obtained for the following system D^{alpha}_{0+}x(t)=fleft(t,y(t),D^{p}_{0+}y(t)right), t in (0,1), D^{beta}_{0+}y(t)=gleft(t,x(t),D^{q}_{0+}x(t)right), t in (0,1), x(0)=x'(0)=x''(0)=cdots=x^{(m-2)}(0)=0, x(1)=lambda x(xi) ,0y(0)=y',(0)=y''(0)=cdots=y^{(m-2)},(0)=0, y(1)=lambda y(xi) , 0where m in mathbb{N}, m geq 2,alpha,,beta in (m-1,m) and alpha,beta,p,q,lambda satisfy certain conditions.
Development and Effect of the Cancer Prevention Education Program Using Different Media

Purpose: This study was intended to develop and evaluate the cancer prevention education for general population with different educational media such as booklets, cartoons, web frame comic strips, web flash animation and flash animations on personal digital assistants (PDA). Methods: A total of 125 subjects were divided into 5 groups, each group having 25 members and assigned a different educational media. An educational media was assigned to each group to evaluate the effect of education in the first intervention. In the second intervention, 4 other media, excluding the previously used one, were used to educate the subjects and find out the preferences of educational media. Results: Knowledge about cancer increased significantly after cancer prevention education. They preferred animations on the internet to other media, the highest. Conclusion: Educational programs with various media should be developed for subjects to choose based on their preferences.
Stimulation of Molting and Ovarian Maturation by Methyl Farnesoate in the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)

Eyestalk ablation (ESA) is commonly used in aquaculture to stimulate ovarian maturation in crustaceans, and methyl farnesoate (MF) affects crustacean molting and reproduction. To investigate the physiological effects of ESA and MF treatments on the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, we compared the effects of single eyestalk removal and MF injections. The ESA group had the lowest survival rate (50%), and individuals in the 0.1 µg and 1.0 µg MF-treated groups had survival rates of 80 and 73.3%, respectively. Conversely, molting numbers were highest in the ESA group, and similar to those of the 1.0-µg MF group. To investigate shrimp growth, we measured body weight during the experimental period and found that individuals in the ESA and 1.0 µg MF groups showed significant increases in body weight. Furthermore, to investigate the effects of ESA and MF treatments on gonadal maturation, the gonad somatic index (GSI) was calculated after the experiment. All treated groups (ESA and MF) had higher GSI values than the control group, but the ESA and 1.0 µg MF groups were not significantly different. Using histological ovary analysis, we determined that all treated groups showed indications of the previtellogenic stage, unlike the control group (immature stage). These results suggest that the high-MF-concentration treatment produced effects similar to those of ESA with respect to molting number, growth, and ovarian maturation.
Growth and Survival of Mixed Probiotics in Nonfat Fermented Milk: the Effect of Inulin

Fermented Milk: the Effect of Inulin Ricardo Pinheiro De Souza Oliveira, Patrizia Perego, Marice Nogueira De Oliveira, Attilio Converti Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo University Av Prof Lineu Prestes, 580, Bl 16, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil rpsolive@terra.com. br Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Genoa University, Italy
"Why is Economics not an Evolutionary Science?" New Answers to Veblen's Old Question

Addressing the question why Economics as a discipline is not subject to evolutive processes itself, we explain the paradigmatical dominance of neoclassical theories in Economics as a path dependent process. Recognizing economics as "locked into neoclassical thinking," we first identify three positive feedback mechanisms leading to strong barriers to paradigmatic change: coordination, complementarity, and learning mechanisms. In a second step, we show how actors strategically enforce these mechanisms via distinct "amplifiers. " We then try to use this theoretical perspective to cursorily describe potentially path-breaking strategies.
Role of DISTORTED2, GNARLED and SPIRRIG in cell morphogenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana.

The leaf epidermal trichome of Arabidopsis thaliana is an ideal model system to study plant cell architecture due to its many mutants featuring distorted phenotypes. In this thesis, the DISTORTED2 (DIS2), GNARLED (GRL) and SPIRRIG (SPI) genes were cloned and characterized. Both, the morphological as well as subcellular mutant phenotypes were assessed and discussed. The dis2 mutant displayed a pronounced distorted trichome phenotype, by having stubbed and swollen trichomes. The DIS2 gene was cloned by a gene candidate approach and encoded the ARPC2 subunit of the actin nucleating protein 2 and 3 (ARP2/3) complex. Loss of function of the protein disclosed an aberrant actin cytoskeleton, when compared to wild type, and thus also featured an altered microtubule cytoskeleton. Based on the actin and microtubule density in the mutant and wild type, presumptions could be made of how local outgrowth of cells might be restricted to a defined area. A similar trichome phenotype was observed in grl mutants. The GRL gene was identified through a gene candidate approach, revealing several mutations in the GRL gene. Protein homology analysis uncovered GRL as a homolog of the animal NAP125 protein. NAP125 is known to regulate the ARP2/3 complex. Phenotypical morphological analysis showed that grl exhibits the same plant defects, like pavement cell aberrations, hypocotyl cell and root hair defects, as observed in other distorted mutants. The cloning and identification of GRL suggested that the regulatory machinery to control the actin cytoskeleton is conserved in animals and plants. The spi mutant disclosed similar plant defects as described above, but the trichome alterations were more subtle and the root hairs were shorter than those of wild type. Map based cloning attempts, gene candidate approaches and sequencing of several spi mutant alleles led to the identification of SPI. The SPI gene encoded a 3600 amino acids long protein, with seven transmembrane-, one BEACH- and four WD40- domains and is thus a novel protein in determining cell shape. Based on the spi phenotype as well as on the protein domains, mentioned above, a function in membrane trafficking could be suggested.
Efficiency and Stock Performance of EU Banks: Is There a Relationship?

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the stock performance of EU listed banks is related to their efficiency. Our sample consists of 171 banks operating in 15 EU markets over the period 2002-2006. First, we use stochastic frontier analysis to estimate the cost and profit efficiency of banks, while controlling for environmental factors. Then, we investigate if changes in profit and cost efficiency are reflected in changes in stock prices. Our results indicate that the change in profit efficiency has a positive and significant impact on stocks prices; however, there is no relationship between changes in cost efficiency and stock returns.
Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Learning Accent

Since the appearance of “Audio-lingual Method”, the issue of foreign accent has been the focus of many researchers and many teachers attempted to sound as native like as possible to better teach native English accent. The present study attempted to uncover the Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions on accent, the way they viewed their own accent, and how English accent can be improved. Totally 50 male and female teachers with different age range, qualifications, teaching and learning experiences participated in the study. The data of the study were collected using Teachers’ Perceptions of Accent Questionnaire developed by the researcher and semi-structured interviews. Based on the analysis performed on the data collected through questionnaires and interviews, it was found that teachers care about learning accent and they considered it valuable and important. They admitted that they have foreign accent to some degree and they did not seem to be happy with foreign accent and were more in favour of native like accent. Regarding the strategies to improve English accent, they mentioned techniques like listening to authentic language, understanding pronunciation rules, and comparing people’s accent with their own accent, watching English movies, noticing stress, and pronunciation patterns, imitating, speaking with native people, using books, and recording and monitoring their own speeches.
Feeding strategies of the copepod Acartia clausi on single and mixed diets of toxic and non-toxic strains of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum

The role of mesozooplankton grazers in the development of monospecific algal blooms has often been examined in a scenario in which grazers, depending on their abilities of recognition, select against toxic species and increase grazing pressure on non-toxic species. Here, we present a different ecological scenario in which grazers may select between different strains (toxic and non- toxic) of the same species, which may coexist in similar densities in natural environments prior to bloom initiation. The calanoid copepod Acartia clausi was fed with single and mixed diets of 2 strains of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum, a producer of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins. One strain produced high, and the other low, quantities of PSP toxins. We examined feeding strate- gies and estimated copepod responses based on their food selection abilities, toxic effects on mainte- nance physiology and fitness, and benefits produced by a toxin-dilution strategy in a mixed diet. Copepods were found to feed selectively on A. minutum strains. Diet composition had a strong effect on parameters such as food ingestion, mortality, egg hatching, and egg production. The effect on copepod mortality and egg production was greatly reduced when a mixed diet (toxic + non-toxic) was provided to the copepods. However, the negative effects on egg hatching were dose-dependent, and this parameter was not recovered by toxin-dilution mechanisms. We conclude that copepods did not effectively reject the toxic strain and that the effect of A. minutum on mortality and egg production, but not on egg hatching, is reduced by dilution mechanisms. Therefore, we suggest that feeding pressure by grazers does not appear to be an important mechanism that favors toxic over non-toxic strains prior to bloom initiation.
Neuronal Spatial Arrangement Shapes Effective Connectivity Traits of in vitro Cortical Networks

We studied effective connectivity in rat cortical cultures with various degrees of spatial aggregation, ranging from homogeneous networks to highly aggregated ones. We considered small cultures 3 mm in diameter and that contained about <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2,000$</tex-math></inline-formula> neurons. Spatial inhomogeneity favored an increase of metric correlations and connectivity among neighboring neurons. Effective connectivity was determined from spontaneous activity recordings using calcium fluorescence imaging. We used generalized transfer entropy as tool to infer the effective connectivity. We carried out numerical simulations to build networks that mimicked the experimental ones and to test the reliability of the connectivity–inference algorithm. Effective connectivity traits were investigated during the development of the cultures over two weeks, and along the gradual blockade of excitatory connections through CNQX. We observed that the average effective connectivity rapidly increased during culture development. At day <italic>in vitro</italic> (DIV) 15 the average excitatory in–degree was measured as <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bar{k}^{\mathrm{in}}_E \simeq 50$</tex-math></inline-formula> for homogeneous and semi aggregated networks, and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\bar{k}^{\mathrm{in}}_E \simeq 120$</tex-math></inline-formula> for aggregated ones, and with 20 percent inhibition. Aggregated cultures exhibited assortative traits and a high resilience to chemical damage, while the other cultures were dissassortative or neutral, and less resilient. Our work illustrates the role of metric correlations in spatially embedded networks in shaping connectivity and activity traits in living neuronal networks.
The Effect of Muscular Fatigue on Neck Proprioception Performance between Elite Athletes and Non-Athletes

Introduction: The poor performance of neck proprioception is a risky factor for athlete’s head and neck injury. Muscle fatigue as an inevitable factor of any physical activity can cause disorder in proprioception performance. This study intends to investigate the effect of cervical muscular fatigue on neck proprioception performance in elite karate athletes in comparison to non-athletes. Materials and Methods : Sixteen professional karate athletes and sixteen non-athletes participated in this study. Cervicocephalic relocation test measuring angle repositioning error during active cervical extension and rotation movements was used to assess neck proprioception ability, before and after isotonic muscular fatigue. Data were analyzed by independent T-test and paired T-test with SPSS (version 20) and alpha level set at 0/05. Results: There is no significant difference in neck sense status before and after neck muscular fatigue in both groups. Also, there is significant difference in neck proprioception performance between karate athletes and non-athletes following extension (P<0.05). In addition, athletes had greater joint position errors than non-athletes. Discussion: Although muscular fatigue did not affect proprioceptive neck performance, probably the effects of degenerative changes in neck proprioception and the acceleration repeated movements in karate athletes weaken their neck proprioception function in some direction in comparison to non-athletes. Therefore, it is important to improve the performance of neck proprioception in karate athlete's trough special neck proprioception training. Key words: Martial Arts, Proprioception, Muscle Fatigue
Impact of climate change on runoff from a mid‐latitude mountainous catchment in central Japan

Hydrologic balance in high‐altitude, mid‐latitude mountain areas is important in terms of the water resources available to associated lowlands. This study examined how current and historical shifts in precipitation (P) patterns and concurrent increases in temperature (T) affected runoff (Q) and other hydrologic components in a mid‐latitude mountain catchment of central Japan, using a combination of long‐term data and a simplified hydrologic model, along with their stochastic treatment. The availability of intensive meteorological and hydrological data from the period 1997–2001 allowed the derivation of key relationships for the current climate that tie the forcing term to the parameters or state variables. By using the data recorded in the period 1965–2001, the force for driving the historical simulation was generated. Based on this model and historical shifts in P and T, the probability density functions of Q (pdf(Q)) was computed. A main novelty in this study is that such a stochastic representation, which is useful for considering the influence of projected shifts in environmental factors on the hydrologic budget, was provided. Despite the large increase in the rate of T in winter and spring, pdf(Q) in spring and summer varied appreciably during the time studied mainly because of an increase in snowmelt. An interannual change in whole‐year Q was robust to shifts in T because while Q in spring increased, in summer it decreased, implying a crucial effect of global warming on mountain hydrologic regimes is change in the timing of Q. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PSİKOLOJİK UZAKLIK VE ALGILANAN YATIRIM YETERLİLİĞİNİN YATIRIM YAPMA İSTEĞİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DE DENEYSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Teorinin kesinlik duzeyi kavramina gore bir birey, bir objeyi psikolojik olarak daha uzak olarak algiladiginda, o obje hakkindaki yapilan zihinsel yorum duzeyi daha soyut olmaktadir. Yatirim perspektifinden bakildiginda bir firma eger yatirimcilar tarafindan psikolojik olarak uzak algilanirsa, yatirimciyi cekemeyebilir. Bu calisma, bir psikolojik uzaklik boyutu olan sosyal yakinlik ile algilanan yatirim yeterliliginin, yatirimcilarin yatirim yapma isteklerini etkileyip etkilemedigini test etmektedir. Sonuclara gore sosyal yakinlik ve yatirim yapma istekliligi arasinda pozitif bir iliski yer almaktadir. Ayrica, algilanan yatirim yeterliligi ile yatirim yapma istekliligi arasinda guclu bir iliski bulunmustur. Diger taraftan, algilanan yatirim yeterliliginin; sosyal yakinlik ile yatirimcilarin yatirim yapma istekliligi arasindaki pozitif iliski arasinda araci degisken olarak gorev yaptigi bulunmustur.
Duals of Hardy spaces on homogeneous groups

Hardy spaces on homogeneous groups were introduced and studied by Folland and Stein [3]. The purpose of this note is to show that duals of Hardy spaces Hp , 0 < p ≤ 1, on homogeneous groups can be identified with Morrey–Campanato spaces. This closes a gap in the original proof of this fact in [3]. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Relationship between Attachment Styles and Parenting Styles with Self-Esteem in Dyslexic Children of Kermanshah City, Iran

Background Dyslexia refers to children's disorder in reading. Most psychologists consider dyslexia merely as a sign of a special disorder in the process of reading instruction which is an important factor to lower the confidence of these children. We aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and parenting styles with self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students. Materials and Methods In a cross-sectional study, the study samples included elementary dyslexic girl students in Kermanshah Center of Learning Disorders No.2, Kermanshah city (Iran); and 116 elementary dyslexic girl students selected by available sampling method. The tools used in this study included Cooper's Self-esteem questionnaire, Attachment Scale (RASS), and Parenting Styles Questionnaire. Children completed the self-esteem and attachment scale questionnaires and parents answered the parenting styles scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The mean of self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students was 28.84±13.06 (ranged 0-50), attachment styles were 27.87 ± 6.41(ranged 0-90), and parenting styles were 29.12 ± 8.67 (ranged 0-150). There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem with ambivalent attachment style (r=0.28), and easy-going parenting styles (r=0.27), and rational authority parenting styles (r=0.21) at level p <0.001. Also, regression model showed that attachment styles (28%), and parenting styles (38%) have the ability to predict self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students (P<0.05). Conclusion According to results, there was a positive correlation between ambivalent attachment style, easy-going parenting styles and rational authority with self-esteem, and these variables have the ability to predict self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students.
TITLE: AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK TO UNDERSTAND HOW CSR AFFECTS CUSTOMER LOYALTY THROUGH IDENTIFICATION, EMOTIONS AND SATISFACTION RUNNING HEAD: CSR, Identification, Emotions, Satisfaction and Loyalty ABSTRACT Because previous scholars have offered few comprehensive models to understand the benefits o

Because previous scholars have offered few comprehensive models to understand the benefits of corporate social responsibility image in terms of customer behaviour, the authors of this paper propose a hierarchy of effects model to study how customer perceptions of the social responsibility of companies influence customer affective and conative responses in a service context. The authors test a structural equation model using information collected directly from 1,124 customers of banking services in Spain. The findings demonstrate that corporate social responsibility image influences customer identification with the company, the emotions evoked by the company and satisfaction positively. Identification also influences the emotions generated by the service performance and customer satisfaction determines loyalty behaviour. The findings have significant implications for service managers because they demonstrate that there are two paths to explain the satisfaction and loyalty of service customers. The first path is composed of the beliefs and emotions generated by the company at the institutional level. The second path is composed of the thoughts, attitudes, emotions and feelings generated by the company’s services.