Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Youth Matters? Social Work Responses to the Trauma Experienced by Young People Displaced in Contemporary Community Context

This paper outlines the importance of the recognition of the new contexts of youth displacement due to socio political change in the international social work community. It recognises youth displacement as a generic concept with a significant potential cause of trauma on any community experiencing socio political change that impacts on young people. This paper argues that social work requires a framework that is reflexive to the variety of causes of youth displacement and trauma in con-temporary community contexts, which include family and community conflict, fos-ter or adoption breakdown, refugeeism and migrancy and economic crisis. In partic-ular, it promotes the skills of social work in creating safe places as practice holding places a holding space (Gauci, IFSW 2017) which potentially creates the framework for therapeutic encounter to support young people in distress. In doing so, it upholds the profession‘s understanding about ―the knowledge of vulnerable groups that soci-ety, and systems, exclude‖ (IFSW Opening Address, Iceland 2017).
Local System Matrix Compression for Efficient Reconstruction in Magnetic Particle Imaging

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a quantitative method for determining the spatial distribution of magnetic nanoparticles, which can be used as tracers for cardiovascular imaging. For reconstructing a spatial map of the particle distribution, the system matrix describing the magnetic particle imaging equation has to be known. Due to the complex dynamic behavior of the magnetic particles, the system matrix is commonly measured in a calibration procedure. In order to speed up the reconstruction process, recently, a matrix compression technique has been proposed that makes use of a basis transformation in order to compress the MPI system matrix. By thresholding the resulting matrix and storing the remaining entries in compressed row storage format, only a fraction of the data has to be processed when reconstructing the particle distribution. In the present work, it is shown that the image quality of the algorithm can be considerably improved by using a local threshold for each matrix row instead of a global threshold for the entire system matrix.
Host-pathogen interactions of 'Musa' spp. and 'Mycosphaerella musicola' with epidemiological variables and leaf anatomy within the pathosystem of Yellow Sigatoka disease

Yellow Sigatoka, which is caused by Mycosphaerella musicola/Pseudocercospora musae, is the primary biotic problem for the Brazilian banana crop, with the causal agent presenting high pathogenic variability among the pathogen isolates. Few details concerning the host-pathogen interactions that occur during the infection process are available for this disease. Studies have been carried out under greenhouse conditions with artificial inoculation with 2 M. musicola isolates (1 - Lavras, Minas Gerais state and 2 - Cruz das Almas, Bahia state) of a group of banana varieties, including 'Grand Naine', 'Prata Ana', 'Calipso', 'Preciosa', 'Japira' and 'BRS Platina'. In each plant, two leaves were inoculated; F1 - Leaf number one and F2 - Leaf number two. After the dynamics of host-pathogen interactions, the different bananas genotypes were evaluated and the fungus-associated changes in the leaf anatomy within the tissues and stomata were determined. Inoculations were carried out with a suspension of 4.104 conidia/mL that was sprayed onto micropropagated plants of the different genotypes. The lower limb surface of the number one leaves (F1) and number two leaves (F2) was sprayed until runoff. The data were collected weekly over ten weeks, although shorter incubation and latent periods were observed in the susceptible varieties (Grand Naine and Prata Ana). The Grand Naine genotype showed the greatest disease severity, confirming its susceptibility to yellow Sigatoka. The leaf inoculation of M. musicola altered the anatomy. In most cases, contamination increases the thickness of the epidermis, hypodermis and parenchyma. However, the thickness of leaf tissues was reduced in Prata Ana. The BRS Platina hybrid showed the greatest variation in these parameters. In general, infection with Mycosphaerella significantly decreased the stomatal density. Exceptions to this behavior occurred in the epidermis of the leaves of Grand Naine and BRS Platina. The resistant genotypes, Preciosa, Japira and BRS Platina, are promising for commercial plantations in regions where the yellow Sigatoka inoculum pressure is high. The isolate from Cruz das Almas, Bahia State, was more pathogenic (AUDSPC=7.9100) than was the one from Lavras, Minas Gerais State (AUDSPC=3.2737), in which the Grand Naine susceptible genotype was inoculated. Yellow Sigatoka infection changed the leaf anatomy by altering the leaf thickness and the number and size of the stomata.
Corner point singularities under in-plane and out-of-plane loading: a review of recent results

Article history: Received 6 March, 2017 Accepted 12 June 2017 Available online 12 June 2017 The linear elastic analysis of homogeneous, isotropic cracked bodies started in the 1900s. The existence of three dimensional corner point effects in the vicinity of a corner point where a crack front intersects a free surface was investigated in the late 1970s. An approximate solution by Bažant and Estenssoro explained some features of corner point effects but there were various paradoxes and inconsistencies. Results derived from finite element models showed that the analysis is incomplete. The stress field in the vicinity of a corner point appears to be the sum of two different singularities (i.e. stress intensity factors and corner point singularities). In this paper some recent results for the corner point singularities under in and out of plane loadings is reviewed and discussed. © 2017 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comparison of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture fixation using a proximal femoral nail with a helical blade and lag screw type proximal femoral nail

Corresponding author Sang Hong Lee Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, 365 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61453, Korea Tel: +82-62-220-3147 Fax: +82-62-226-3379 E-mail: shalee@chosun.ac. kr ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-1147 The aim of the study was to compare clinical and radiological results between the helical blade lag screw (proximal femoral nail antirotation II [PFNA II]) and the traditional lag screw (Zimmer Natural Nail [ZNN]) in the operative treatment of osteoporotic femur intertrochanteric fractures. We selected 182 patients who could be observed for at least 1 year from among 352 patients who received surgical treatment for osteoporotic isolated femur intertrochanteric fractures between January 2013 and December 2016. The PFNA II was applied in 110 cases, and the ZNN in 72 cases. We evaluated operation time, bleeding amount, quality of reduction, tip apex distance, bone union time, sliding distance, and lag screw position. The mean operation times and bleeding volumes were respectively 38 minutes and 224 mL for PFNA II, and 42 minutes and 234 mL for ZNN. The quality of reduction was good, acceptable, and poor in 71%, 25%, and 4% for PFNA II, and 68%, 31%, and 1% for ZNN, respectively. The mean tip apex distances, bone union times, and sliding distances were respectively 21.1 and 20.7 mm, 12.4 and 12.9 weeks, and 4.2 and 3.9 mm. The lag screw position was acceptable and poor in 95% and 5% for PFNA II, and 97% and 3% for ZNN, respectively. The design of the lag screw did not influence the surgical outcome in the osteoporotic isolated femur intertrochanteric fractures. Therefore, choice of the proximal femoral nail can safely be made according to surgeon preference.
Bushes protect tortoises from lethal overheating in arid areas of Morocco

SUMMARY Arid Mediterranean regions that shelter unique biodiversity are threatened by increasing anthropogenic pressures, such as urbanization, overgrazing and climate change. In Morocco, one of the main bush species in arid areas, the jujube (Ziziphus lotus), suffers from officially promoted programmes of removal. The Moorish tortoise (Testudo graeca soussensis) is threatened by such habitat loss. Like most animals, the Moorish tortoise must navigate between microhabitats to find essential feeding resources and thermal refuges. This study combined radio-tracking of free-ranging individuals, microhabitat temperature monitoring and transects in a range of habitats. Tortoises were found to depend on the occurrence of large and relatively abundant bushes to escape lethal overheating. Thus, (1) current official encouragements for the destruction of the jujube bushes should be reappraised; (2) habitat restoration relying on replanting jujube bush should be encouraged; and (3) large-scale monitoring of critical bush densities should be used to better organize conservation plans (protection and/or restoration of areas) for the Moorish tortoise.
A Taxonomic and Biogeographic Review of the Fossil Tapirs from Bolivia

Fossil remains of South American tapirs are often fragmentary and scarce compared with those of other mammals that entered South America during the “Great American Biotic Interchange”. Here, we review and add to the Pleistocene tapir remains from the Tarija Valley (Bolivia), and provide a taxonomic re-evaluation of Tapirus tarijensis. T. tarijensis was a large-sized animal, approximating the size of the living Malaysian T. indicus and the extinct North American T. haysii. The geographical distribution of Pleistocene records of Tapirus in South America indicates that T. tarijensis was the only known species inhabiting the Tarija Valley during this time.
Constructing Precipitable Water Vapor Map from Regional GNSS Network Observations without Collocated Meteorological Data

Abstract. Surface pressure ( P s ) and weighted mean temperature ( T m ) are two necessary variables for the accurate retrieval of precipitable water vapor (PWV) from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data. The lack of P s or T m information is a concern for those GNSS sites that are not collocated with meteorological sensors. This paper investigates an alternative method of inferring accurate P s and T m at the GNSS station using nearby synoptic observations. P s and T m obtained at the nearby synoptic sites are interpolated onto the location of GNSS station by performing both vertical and horizontal adjustments, in which the parameters involved in P s and T m calculation are estimated from ERA-Interim reanalysis profiles. In addition, we present a method of constructing high quality PWV map through vertical reduction and horizontal interpolation of the retrieved GNSS PWVs. To evaluate the performances of the P s and T m retrieval and the PWV map construction, GNSS data collected from 58 stations of the Hunan GNSS network and synoptic observations from 20 nearby sites in 2015 were processed to extract the PWV so as to subsequently generate PWV map. The retrieved P s and T m and constructed PWV maps were assessed by the results derived from radiosonde and ERA-Interim reanalysis. The results show that (1) accuracies of P s and T m derived by synoptic interpolation are within the range of 1.7–3.0 hPa and 2.5–3.0 K, respectively, which are much better than the GPT2w model; (2) the constructed PWV maps have good agreements with radiosonde and ERA reanalysis data with overall accuracy better than 3 mm; and (3) PWV maps can well reveal the moisture advection, transportation and convergence during heavy rainfall.
Adverse Events during Intrahospital Transfers: Focus on Patient Safety

Additional information available at the end of the chapter Abstract Intrahospital transport of patients constitutes an integral part of care delivery in the complex environment of modern hospitals. In general, the more complicated and acute the patient ’ s condition is, the more likely he or she will require both scheduled and unscheduled trips. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the potential adverse events associated with intrahospital transfers (IHTs), to discuss the interdepartmental handoff process when patients travel within the walls of a single institution, and finally to provide strategies to prevent adverse events from occurring during the IHT process. A comprehensive literature review, covering some of the most recent developments in this area, has been included in this manuscript. Aspects unique to this presentation include sections dedicated to risk assessment, commonly seen patterns of transfers and complications, as well as the inclusion of family communication as a core component of the process. The overall goal of providers and patient safety champions should be the achievement of “ zero incidence ” rate of IHT-related events. We hope that this chapter provides a small, but significant, step in the right direction.
Lateglacial and early Holocene palaeoclimatic reconstruction based on glacier fluctuations and equilibrium‐line altitudes at northern Folgefonna, Hardanger, western Norway

Northern Folgefonna (c. 23 km2), is a nearly circular maritime ice cap located on the Folgefonna Peninsula in Hardanger, western Norway. By combining the position of marginal moraines with AMS radiocarbon dated glacier‐meltwater induced sediments in proglacial lakes draining northern Folgefonna, a continuous high‐resolution record of variations in glacier size and equilibrium‐line altitudes (ELAs) during the Lateglacial and early Holocene has been obtained. After the termination of the Younger Dryas (c. 11 500 cal. yr BP), a short‐lived (100–150 years) climatically induced glacier readvance termed the ‘Jondal Event 1’ occurred within the ‘Preboreal Oscillation’ (PBO) c. 11 100 cal. yr BP. Bracketed to 10 550–10 450 cal. yr BP, a second glacier readvance is named the ‘Jondal Event 2’. A third readvance occurred about 10 000 cal. yr BP and corresponds with the ‘Erdalen Event 1’ recorded at Jostedalsbreen. An exponential relationship between mean solid winter precipitation and ablation‐season temperature at the ELA of Norwegian glaciers is used to reconstruct former variations in winter precipitation based on the corresponding ELA and an independent proxy for summer temperature. Compared to the present, the Younger Dryas was much colder and drier, the ‘Jondal Event 1’/PBO was colder and somewhat drier, and the ‘Jondal Event 2’ was much wetter. The ‘Erdalen Event 1’ started as rather dry and terminated as somewhat wetter. Variations in glacier magnitude/ELAs and corresponding palaeoclimatic reconstructions at northern Folgefonna suggest that low‐altitude cirque glaciers (lowest altitude of marginal moraines 290 m) in the area existed for the last time during the Younger Dryas. These low‐altitude cirque glaciers of suggested Younger Dryas age do not fit into the previous reconstructions of the Younger Dryas ice sheet in Hardanger. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of government funding in the effort to enhance organisational performance: A conceptual framework

The present article seeks to advance the theoretical knowledge of entrepreneurship by reviewing and synthesizing available research into a conceptual framework that explains the process of how higher education institutes can achieve sustainable performance by adopting entrepreneurial mind set. The framework identifies impact of public entrepreneurial factors, e entrepreneurial training on innovation and entrepreneurial orientation on organisational performance of Higher Education Institutions.This research also proposes the moderating effect of government funding to enhance the organisational performance in general and university performance in particular.
Quantum interference with photon pairs created in spatially separated sources

We report on a quantum interference experiment to probe the coherence between two photons coming from nondegenerate photon pairs at telecom wavelength created in spatially separated sources. The two photons are mixed on a beam splitter and we observe a reduction of up to 84% in the net coincidence count rate when the photons are made indistinguishable. This experiment constitutes an important step towards the realization of quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping with independent sources.
Galaxies infalling into groups: filaments versus isotropic infall

We perform a comparative analysis of the properties of galaxies infalling into groups classifying them accordingly to whether they are: falling along filamentary structures; or they are falling isotropically. For this purpose, we identify filamentary structures connecting massive groups of galaxies in the SDSS. We perform a comparative analysis of some properties of galaxies in filaments, in the isotropic infall region, in the field, and in groups. We study the luminosity functions (LF) and the dependence of the specific star formation rate (SSFR) on stellar mass, galaxy type, and projected distance to the groups that define the filaments. We find that the LF of galaxies in filaments and in the isotropic infalling region are basically indistinguishable between them, with the possible exception of late-type galaxies. On the other hard, regardless of galaxy type, their LFs are clearly different from that of field or group galaxies. Both of them have characteristic absolute magnitudes and faint end slopes in between the field and group values. More significant differences between galaxies in filaments and in the isotropic infall region are observed when we analyse the SSFR. We find that galaxies in filaments have a systematically higher fraction of galaxies with low SSFR as a function of both, stellar mass and distance to the groups, indicating a stronger quenching of the star formation in the filaments compared to both, the isotropic infalling region, and the field. Our results suggest that some physical mechanisms that determine the differences observed between field galaxies and galaxies in systems, affect galaxies even when they are not yet within the systems.
The Quality of Language Learning Opportunities

The notion of quality in language education, as in other areas of human activity, is increasingly common yet is elusive in its practical meaning. The international trend has been to focus on quality by specifying clear outcome standards that describe the performance expected of learners at particular levels. Far less attention has been paid to systematically managing the quality of the learning opportunities that learners need to exploit in order to achieve the desired outcomes. One can assume that an understanding of the quality of learning opportunity is central to the process of learning. The challenge for teaching institutions is to develop a frame of action through which current understanding of L2 learning and teaching can be applied and developed. This article proposes a learning opportunity framework on which to base a dialogue about the opportunities that are needed and available in any one context. It proposes three domains of enquiry: theoretical, cultural, and management, and puts forward arguments in favour of learning opportunity standards as the basis for institutional dialogue about quality in language education.
Low-cost momentum strategies

This paper analyses the impact of trading costs on the profitability of momentum strategies in the United Kingdom and concludes that losers are more expensive to trade than winners. The observed asymmetry in the costs of trading winners and losers crucially relates to the high cost of selling loser stocks with small size and low trading volume. Since transaction costs severely impact net momentum profits, the paper defines a new low-cost relative-strength strategy by shortlisting from all winner and loser stocks those with the lowest total transaction costs. While the study severely questions the profitability of standard momentum strategies, it concludes that there is still room for momentum-based return enhancement, should asset managers decide to adopt low-cost relative-strength strategies.
Identification and characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from broilers1

Spanamberg A. , Ferreiro L. , Machado G. , Fraga C.F. & Araujo R. 2016. Identification and characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from broilers. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36(7):591-594. Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: spanamberg.ad@gmail.com Aspergillosis is one of the main causes of mortality in birds. The pulmonary system is most frequently affected, with lesions observed in the air sacs and lungs of a wide variety of bird species. The aim of this study was to confirm by molecular methods the identification and the genetic diversity of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates of lung’s samples from healthy broilers (Galus galus domesticus). Forty-four (9.5%) isolates of lung’s samples were confirmed as A. fumigatus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) multiplex (amplification of β-tub and rodA gene fragments). Microsatellite typing for A. fumigatus was used to analyse all avian isolates. Among them, 40 genotypes (90.9%) were observed only one time. The results showed a high variability and multiple genotypes of de A. fumigatus collected from lung’s samples of broilers.
Molecular systematics and phylogeography of Gibberella fujikuroi species complex

Phylogenetic relationships of the phytopathogenic Gibberella fujikuroi species complex were investigated by maximum parsimony analysis of DNA sequences from multiple loci. Gene trees inferred from the 13-tubulin gene exons and introns, mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) rDNA, and 5' portion of the nuclear 28S rDNA were largely concordant, and in a combined analysis, provide strong statistical support for a phylogeny consistent with species radiations in South America, Africa, and Asia. These analyses place the American clade as a monophyletic sister-group of an African-Asian clade. Africa is the most phylogenetically diverse area examined with 16 species, followed by America (12 species) and Asia (8 species). The biogeographic hypothesis proposed from the phylogenetic evidence is based primarily on the formation of natural barriers associated with the fragmentation of the ancient super-continent Gondwana. Discordance of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) based tree with gene trees from the other loci sequenced is due to nonorthologous ITS2 sequences. The molecular evidence suggests the divergent ITS2 types were combined by an ancient interspecific hybridization (xenologous origin) or gene duplication (paralogous origin) that predates the evolutionary radiation of the G. fujikuroi complex. Two highly divergent nonorthologous ITS2 types designated type I and type II were identified and characterized with conserved ITS Accepted for publication October 15, 1997. 1 Email: kodonnell@sunca.ncaur. usda.gov and ITS2 type-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and DNA sequence analysis. Only the major ITS2 type is discernible when conserved ITS primers are used; however, a minor ITS2 type was amplified from every strain tested with type-specific PCR primers. The evolutionary pattern exhibited by the major ITS2 type is homoplastic when mapped onto the species lineages inferred from the combined nuclear 28S rDNA, mtSSU rDNA, and r3-tubulin gene sequences. Remarkably, the data indicate the major ITS2 type has switched between a type I and type II sequence at least three times during the evolution of the G. fujikuroi complex, but neither type has been fixed in any of the 45 species examined. Twenty-six of the 45 species included in this study represent either new species (23 species), new combinations (E bulbicola and F phyllophilum), or a rediscovered species (F lactis). The results further indicate that traditional sectional and species-level taxonomic schemes for this lineage are artificial and a more natural classification is proposed.