Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Nursing Practice Environment and Nurse-Perceived Quality of Geriatric Care in Hospitals

The relationships between general and geriatric-specific nursing practice environments (NPEs) and nurse-perceived quality of geriatric care in hospitals were examined using the Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystems Elders benchmarking database. The overall general NPE was negatively related, but the overall geriatric-specific NPE was positively related to quality of geriatric care. Among five subdomains of the general NPE measured by the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, Nurse Participation in Hospital Affairs was positively related to quality of geriatric care, whereas two subdomains were not significant, and another two were negatively related to quality of geriatric care. All three subdomains of the geriatric-specific NPE measured by the Geriatric Nursing Practice Environment scale were positively related to quality of geriatric care when adjusting for general NPE. These findings suggest geriatric-specific organizational support combined with nurse involvement in hospital decision making is critical for delivering quality geriatric care.
Effect of homogenization on the properties and microstructure of Mozzarella cheese from buffalo milk.

BACKGROUND The name pasta filata refers to a unique plasticizing and texturing treatments of the fresh curd in hot water that imparts to the finished cheese its characteristic fibrous structure and melting properties. Mozzarella cheese made from standardized homogenized and non-homogenized buffalo milk with 3 and 1.5%fat. The effect of homogenization on rheological, microstructure and sensory evaluation was carried out. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fresh raw buffalo milk and starter cultures of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus were used. The coagulants were calf rennet powder (HA-LA). Standardized buffalo milk was homogenized at 25 kg/cm2 pressure after heating to 60°C using homogenizer. Milk and cheese were analysed. Microstructure of the cheese samples was investigated either with an application of transmission or scanning electron microscope. Statistical analyses were applied on the obtained data. RESULTS Soluble nitrogen total volatile free fatty acids, soluble tyrosine and tryptophan increased with using homogenized milk and also, increased with relatively decrease in case of homogenized Mozzarella cheese. Meltability of Mozzarella cheese increased with increasing the fat content and storage period and decrease with homogenization. Mozzarella cheese firmness increased with homogenization and also, increased with progressing of storage period. Flavour score, appearance and total score of Mozzarella cheese increased with homogenization and storage period progress, while body and texture score decreased with homogenization and increased with storage period progress. Microstructure of Mozzarella cheese showed the low fat cheese tends to be harder, more crumbly and less smooth than normal. Curd granule junctions were prominent in non-homogenized milk cheese. CONCLUSION Homogenization of milk cheese caused changes in the microstructure of the Mozzarella cheese. Microstructure studies of cheese revealed that cheese made from homogenized milk is smoother and has a finer texture than non-homogenized but is also, firmer and more elastic.
A Low-Dropout Regulator for SoC With  $Q$-Reduction

A low-dropout regulator for SoC, with an advanced Q-reduction circuit to minimize both the on-chip capacitance and the minimum output-current requirement down to 100 muA, is introduced in this paper. The idea has been implemented in a standard 0.35-mum CMOS technology (VTHN ap 0.55 V and |VTHP| ap 0.75 V). The required on-chip capacitance is reduced to 6 pF, comparing to 25 pF for the case without Q-reduction circuit. From the experimental results, the proposed regulator-circuit implementation enables voltage regulation down to a 1.2-V supply voltage, and a dropout voltage of 200 mV at 100-mA maximum output current.
The Female Rat Reproductive Cycle: A Practical Histological Guide to Staging

During preclinical investigations into the safety of drugs and chemicals, many are found to interfere with reproductive function in the female rat. This interference is commonly expressed as a change in normal morphology of the reproductive tract or a disturbance in the duration of particular phases of the estrous cycle. Such alterations can be recognized only if the pathologist has knowledge of the continuously changing histological appearance of the various components of the reproductive tract during the cycle and can accurately and consistently ascribe an individual tract to a particular phase of the cycle. Unfortunately, although comprehensive reports illustrating the normal appearance of the tract during the rat estrous cycle have been available over many years, they are generally somewhat ambiguous about distinct criteria for defining the end of one stage and the beginning of another. This detail is absolutely essential to achieve a consistent approach to staging the cycle. For the toxicologic pathologist, this report illustrates a pragmatic and practical approach to staging the estrous cycle in the rat based on personal experience and a review of the literature from the last century.
Emplacement of long lava flows on planetary surfaces

Three long lava flows on Mars, Venus, and the Moon were examined in order to evaluate their possible emplacement rate and condition. On the Moon, flows of the last (phase III) effusion within the Imbrium impact basin were examined using Apollo photography. The longest phase III flow can be followed for 250 km, terminating ∼400 km from the probable source vent. This flow has a width of 10 to 25 km, thickness of 10 to 30 m, and a medial channel preserved in its proximal reach, and it was emplaced on a regional slope of ∼0.3°. In the Tharsis region of Mars, a well-defined set of lava flows extends north from the topographic saddle between Ascraeus and Pavonis Montes. Viking Orbiter images show one flow that can be traced for 480 km, with a width ranging from 5 to 50 km, thickness of 30 to 100 m and a prominent medial channel in its proximal reach, and was emplaced on a regional slope of ∼0.5° to ∼0.1°. The Strenia Fluctus area on Venus consists of an array of intermixed radar-bright and radar-dark lobate flows, one of which can be traced for 180 km, with a width of 5 to 20 km, and an unknown thickness (but inferred to be ∼30 m), and was emplaced on the lowland plains where the regional slope is only ∼0.03°. When viewed at the full Magellan resolution, this flow contains several flow margins, indicating its compound nature. Effusion rates were calculated for the simple lunar and Martian flows using published empirical and theoretical relationships, resulting in a broad range of 500 to 108 (Moon) and 600 to 2×108 (Mars) m3/s, with most likely values of ∼5×104 to ∼105 for both flows. The compound Venus flow would have required 494 years for emplacement at the typical Kilauea rate of ∼5 m3/s, but the thermal balance of planetary tube systems could also be consistent with a rate at least an order of magnitude larger. The distinction between simple and compound flows is important to any evaluation of flow emplacement based solely on remote sensing data.
CYTOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION OF SIMULIUM ORNATIPES SKUSE (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE). II. TEMPORAL VARIATION IN CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISMS AND HOMOSEQUENTIAL SIBLING SPECIES

The discovery of homosequential species of Hawaiian Drosophila which share identical polytene chromosomes and metaphase karyotypes (Carson et al., 1967), established that overt chromosomal change need not accompany speciation. These homosequential species are morphologically distinct and are, therefore, not sibling species. The genetic divergence that has obviously occurred must therefore have involved only gene mutations. Within the genus Drosophila not all homosequential species, as defined by polytene chromosome banding patterns, share identity of metaphase karyotypes. Thus in the D. pachea group homosequential species show striking heterochromatin differences in their metaphase karyotypes (Ward and Heed, 1970). Since heterochromatic sequences are generally underreplicated relative to euchromatin in polytene chromosomes of Drosophila (Cordeiro et al., 1975; Gall et al., 1974; Rudkin, 1972), no differences in polytene chromosome structure are evident despite the considerable divergence revealed by mitotic karyotypes. Thus where possible, analysis of both diploid and polytene chromosomes should be carried out. In the Simuliidae mitotic karyotypes are remarkably conservative being identical in species of several different genera (Rothfels, 1956). On the other hand, the analysis of polytene chromosomes has shown the existence of sibling species
Photic Entrainment Is Altered in the 5-HT 1B Receptor Knockout Mouse

The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a circadian oscillator that receives glutamatergic afferents from the retina and serotonergic afferents from the midbrain. Activation of presynaptic serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) receptors on retinal terminals in the SCN inhibits retinohypothalamic neurotransmission and light-induced behavioral phase shifts. To assess the role of 5-HT1B receptors in photic entrainment, 5-HT1B receptor knockout (5-HT1B KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were maintained in non-24 h L:D cycles (T cycles). WT mice entrained to T = 21 h and T = 22 h cycles, whereas 5-HT1B KO animals did not. 5-HT1B KO animals did entrain to T = 23 h and T = 26 h cycles, although their phase angle of entrainment was altered compared to WT animals. 5-HT1BKO mice were significantly more phase delayed under T = 23 h conditions and significantly more phase advanced under T = 26 h conditions compared to WT mice. When 5-HT1B KO mice were housed in a T = 23 h short-day photoperiod (9.5L:13.5D), the delayed phase angle of entrainment was more pronounced. Light-induced phase shifts were reduced in 5-HT1B KO mice, consistent with their behavior in T cycles, suggesting an attenuated response to light. Based on previous work, this attenuated response to light might not have been predicted but can be explained by consideration of GABAergic mechanisms within the SCN. Phase-delayed circadian rhythms during the short days of winter are characteristic of patients suffering from seasonal affective disorder, and 5-HT has been implicated in its pathophysiology. The 5-HT1B KO mouse may be useful for investigating the altered entrainment evident during this serious mood disorder.
The effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on metabolic disturbances associated to alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) considered one of the most effective therapeutic herbs. We evaluated anti-diabetic activities of GBE in rats. Rats were fed highly-fat diet for two weeks and divided into three groups (n=8): Non-diabetic control group (CG), Diabetic group (DG), Diabetic+100mg/kg GBE group (D+GBE). On 14 th day, the rats were kept in overnight-fasting and administered single intra-peritoneal injection of alloxan-monohydrate (120-130mg/Kg body weight (BW). BW and blood glucose were measured weekly up to 14 th week. Fasting/basal blood samples were collected for the biochemical analyses. Liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue were also collected for mRNA gene expressions (GLUT-4, IRS-1, IR, PEPCK, SREBP-1c, FAS, PPAR-α, PPAR - γ, TNF - α). Significant reduction in BW was found in D+GBE group at week 14. Glycemia became normalized as an effect of treatment. GBE significantly decreased serum glucose, urea and ALT concentrations. We observed significant higher catalase and lower malondialdehyde levels in D+GBE group. GBE significantly increased HDL-Cholesterol and reduced triglycerides and VLDL-Triglycerides levels. GBE showed up-regulation for hepatic IRS-1 and down-regulation for PEPCK, however, up-regulation for GLUT-4 and PPAR-α found in muscle. Treatment decreased TNF-α expression in liver and adipose tissue. GBE has anti-diabetic mediated by a modulating effect on involved key genes.
Temperature-dependent electrical tree in silicone rubber under repetitive pulse voltage

Silicone rubber (SiR), which is employed as the main insulation materials in the cable accessories, faces the challenge of high temperature during the overload running process. Pulse voltage is inevitable during the switch operation process of the converters or lighting, which aggravates the operation state of the insulation materials. To understand the electrical treeing process at the high temperature with repetitive pulse voltage considering the actual operating state, the needle-plate electrode system was stressed in the experiment. In the test, the ambient temperature (Tamb) was set to 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 °C, while the pulse frequency was 5, 20, 100, 200 and 1000 Hz. Electrical tree shapes, tree length, fractal dimension (FD), tree inception and tree breakdown probability were studied to investigate electrical tree growth characteristics. The results indicate that the tree shapes are depended not only the temperature environment but also the pulse frequency. Higher pulse frequency and higher temperature facilitate bush tree shape to be generated. With the pulse frequency increasing, the tree length becomes longer, while FD tends to be larger. However, the tree length decreases as the FD increases with the temperature elevating at the same pulse amplitude. As more hot electrons to collide the molecular chain with pulse frequency increasing, the tree inception and breakdown probability become higher. Nevertheless, the tree inception probability tends to be larger as the mechanical property of silicone rubber drops with the temperature elevating, while breakdown probability becomes lower as the shorter tree length grows for a given pulse number.
Clinical results of hearing aid with noise-level-controlled selective amplification.

We have developed a hearing aid which reduces the low-frequency energy of the input sound according to the input noise level and the spectrum of the environmental noise. The results of speech discrimination tests using speech in noise in 70 hearing-impaired subjects showed improvement in word discrimination scores in noise of over 15% for 50 of 53 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss. This group of hearing-impaired patients was subdivided into categories according to (a) audiogram type [flat, sloping (i.e. gradual high-frequency loss) and abruptly falling (steep high-frequency slope)]; (b) degree of hearing loss (less than or more than 50 dB average loss) and (c) etiology (familial deafness, presbyacusis). Results on 17 subjects with conductive or mixed hearing impairments showed no improvement, but expressed a preference for this system. The subject reported that the sound was more natural and quiet compared with the conventional AGC hearing aids.
Effect of prematurity on respiratory syncytial virus hospital resource use and outcomes.

OBJECTIVES To determine if gestational age (GA) is independently associated with hospital resource use and outcomes among infants hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). STUDY DESIGN Analysis of retrospective data from 304 infants (</=1 year) with bronchiolitis or RSV pneumonia admitted to nine children's hospitals from April 1995 to September 1996. Resource use and outcomes examined included admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), intubation, and hospital and ICU length of stay. The Comprehensive Severity Index controlled for severity of illness. RESULTS Two hundred fifteen term infants (GA > or =37 weeks) and 89 infants with GA <37 weeks, divided according to GA into 3 subgroups (< or =32, 33 to 35, and 36 weeks), were compared. Significant differences were found for rate of intubation (P=.002) and ICU and hospital length of stay (P=.021 and P<.0001, respectively), with the highest resource use in 33 to 35 weeks GA infants, which remained significant in multiple regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS Infants 33 to 35 weeks GA had hospital outcomes that were negative or worse than infants < or =32 weeks GA. Data suggest prematurity < or =35 weeks GA significantly increases the risk for severe outcomes among infants hospitalized for RSV. Infants 36 weeks GA had outcomes similar to term infants. No evidence was observed of gradation or inverse linear risk relation between GA and hospital outcomes.
Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS): a call for more evidence.

We would like to thank Dr. Chen and his colleagues for their interest and positive comments concerning our work (1). The tumor spread through air spaces (STAS), which has been defined as tumor cells (single cells, micropapillary clusters, or solid nests) within air spaces in the surrounding lung parenchyma beyond the edges of the main tumor, was first introduced in the 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification for lung cancer and formally proposed as a new invasive pattern of adenocarcinoma (ADC) (2). After that, STAS attracted tremendous interest and has been studied more intensely (3).
Isolation of saffold virus type 2 in green monkey kidney cells

Saffold viruses (SAFV) have been discovered recently and they are classified into Theilovirus species in genus Cardiovirus in the Picornaviridae family. SAFV, especially those belonging to the genotype 2, have been difficult to propagate in laboratory cell lines. This study describes the successful isolation of an efficiently growing SAFV‐2 strain directly from a stool specimen by standard virological methods. The availability of SAFV isolates that can be propagated to high titers is crucial to the future studies on pathogenesis and epidemiology of these novel human viruses. J. Med. Virol. 84:1497–1500, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trends in Cause-Specific Mortality at a Canadian Outborn NICU

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively review changes in the causes of death of infants dying in the NICU at Canada's largest outborn pediatric center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All inpatient deaths at the Hospital for Sick Children's NICU that occurred in the years 1997, 2002, and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed to identify the primary cause of death. Classification of the cause of death was based on a modified version of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand's Neonatal Death Classification. RESULTS: The annual mortality rate remained relatively constant (average of 7.6 deaths per 100 admissions between 1988 and 2007). A total of 156 deaths were analyzed: 53 in 1997; 50 in 2002; and 53 in 2007. The chronological age at which premature infants died increased significantly over the 3 time periods (P = .01). The proportion of deaths attributable to extreme prematurity and intraventricular hemorrhage decreased over the study period, whereas the proportion of deaths attributed to gastrointestinal causes (specifically necrotizing enterocolitis and focal intestinal perforation) increased. The proportion of infants for whom there was a decision to limit care before death was stable at between 83% and 92%. CONCLUSIONS: A larger proportion of outborn premature infants admitted to the Hospital for Sick Children's NICU seem to be surviving the early problems of prematurity only to succumb to late complications.
Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: value of inferior glenohumeral ligament signal changes on T2-weighted fat-saturated images.

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to evaluate the performance of MRI for the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis using signal intensity changes of the inferior glenohumeral ligament on T2-weighted fat-saturated sequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR images of 34 shoulders with a final clinical diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis were compared with those of an age-matched control group (34 shoulders) with no clinical signs of adhesive capsulitis. MR images were acquired before and after IV injection of gadolinium and were evaluated by two readers. The T2 signal intensity at the inferior glenohumeral ligament, the thickness of the coracohumeral ligament, and whether there was obliteration of subcoracoid fat were evaluated on unenhanced images. Enhancement at the inferior glenohumeral ligament and enhancement at the rotator interval were evaluated on contrast-enhanced images. The sensitivity, specificity, and interobserver variability of these signs were calculated. RESULTS T2 hyperintensity of the inferior glenohumeral ligament showed a high sensitivity (85.3-88.2%) and high specificity (88.2%) for the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis with excellent interobserver variability (κ = 0.85). Signal analysis at the inferior glenohumeral ligament presented a higher sensitivity and a better interobserver agreement than the other signs of adhesive capsulitis evaluated. Gadolinium injection did not increase the performance of the inferior glenohumeral ligament signal analysis. An extracapsular hyperintense layer on T2-weighted images was identified as a new sign of adhesive capsulitis. CONCLUSION T2 capsular signal intensity change offers a high performance for the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis without the need for IV or intraarticular contrast injection.
Sécurité des protocoles cryptographiques : aspects logiques et calculatoires. (Security of cryptographic protocols : logical and computational aspects)

Cette these est consacree au probleme de la verification automatique des protocoles cryptographiques d'un point de vue logique et calculatoire. Dans une premiere partie, nous abordons la securite des protocoles dans le cadre logique (formel). Nous montrons comment specifier differentes proprietes de securite des protocoles (secret, authentification, resistance aux attaques par dictionnaire) au moyen d'un langage de processus et comment les analyser de maniere automatique pour un nombre borne de sessions. La seconde partie traite de la justification cryptographique des modeles logiques. Nous nous interessons ici a�� la notion d'equivalence statique, appliquee en particulier au chiffrement et aux donnees vulnerables aux attaques par dictionnaire (par ex. Des mots de passe). Dans ce cadre, nous montrons que sous certaines conditions simples, toute preuve logique d'equivalence statique implique d'indistinguibilite cryptographique des donnees modelisees.
HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Mutants Resistant to Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Do Not Adversely Affect DNA Synthesis: Pre-Steady-State and Steady-State Kinetic Studies

Summary: We have previously demonstrated that nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistant mutants have different levels of replication fitness relative to wild type; those with greater reductions in fitness are less likely to develop during therapy in patients. We have also found that reductions in rates of RNase H cleavage by mutant RTs correlate with reductions in fitness and that NNRTI-resistant RTs catalyze polymerization with a processivity similar to wild type. In this study, we evaluated the polymerase function of 3 clinically occurring NNRTI-resistant RTs (K103N, P236L, and V106A) in greater detail, under both pre-steady-state and steady-state conditions. The overall pathway of single-nucleotide incorporation was unchanged for the mutant RTs compared with wild type. In addition, the NNRTI-resistant mutants were each similar to wild type in rate of nucleotide incorporation (kpol), affinity for dGTP (Kd), and steady-state rate of polymerization (kss and kcat), using either RNA or DNA templates. These findings suggest that the close proximity of the NNRTI-resistance mutations to the polymerase active site does not affect the interactions of the enzyme with the incoming nucleotide or the primer-template sufficiently to affect polymerization and support the hypothesis that these reductions in RNase H activity contribute to reductions in replication fitness.