Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simple design for singlemode high power CW fiber laser using multimode high NA fiber

A large number of high power CW fiber lasers described in the literature use large mode area (LMA) double cladding fibers. These fibers have large core and low core numerical aperture (NA) to limit the number of supported modes and are typically operated under coiling to eliminate higher order modes. We describe here multimode (MM) high NA ytterbium doped fibers used in single mode output high power laser/amplifier configuration. Efficient single mode amplification is realized in the multimode doped fiber by matching the fundamental mode of the doped fiber to the LP01 mode of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and by selecting the upper V-number value that limits the overlap of the LP01 to the higher order modes. We show that negligible mode coupling is realized in the doped fiber, which ensures a stable power output over external perturbation without the use of tapers. Fundamental mode operation is maintained at all time without coiling through the use of FBG written in a single mode fiber. We show that such fiber is inherently more photosensitive and easier to splice than LMA fiber. We demonstrate an efficient 75W singlemode CW fiber laser using this configuration and predict that the power scaling to the kW level can be achieved, the design being more practical and resistant to photodarkening compared to conventional low NA LMA fiber.
St. Paul's Theology of Proclamation: 1 Corinthians 1-4 and Greco-Roman Rhetoric

Preface 1. Introduction Part I. The Rhetorical Background: 2. The beginnings of rhetoric: Athens, the handbooks, and the Sophists 3. The art comes of age: Plato, Isocrates, and Aristotle 4. Rhetoric at its best: Cicero and Quintilian 5. The state of the art: Rhetoric during the First Century Part II. 1 Corinthians 1-4: 6. Paul, rhetoric, and the city of Corinth 7. 1 Corinthians 1-4: some general considerations 8. Paul and his preaching in Corinth: the background of 1 Corinthians 1-4 9. The central passage: 1 Corinthians 1. 17-2.5 10. The argument completed: 1 Corinthians 2.6-4.21 11. Summary and conclusions Endnotes Bibliography Index.
[Expression and Prognostic Significance of H3K27 Trimethylation Protein in DLBCL].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and prognostic effect of H3K27 trimethylation protein (H3K27me3) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL). METHODS A total of 102 DLBCL patients from Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital were enrolled in this study. No therapy had been given before specimen collection. Tissue microarray(TMA) technique and immunohistochemistry(IHC) method were used for H3K27me3 immunostaining. Clinicopathologic and suvival data were carefully collected. The association between tested markers, clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis were evaluated. Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factor were analyzed by the Cox proportional hazards model, the relation of different expression levels with clinical feature and prognosis of patients was compared. RESULTS The quality of TMA was perfect and meet the standard of analysis. Among all DLBCL patients, 59.8% were characterized with high expression of H3K27me3, correlated with age, ECOG≥2, extranodular disease number≥2, elevation of LDH, medium-high risk IPI. Patients with high H3K27me3 expression manifested that the complete remission rate(CR) and overall remission rate (OR) were lower than those of patients with low expression, i.e., 20% vs 57.5% and 41.8% vs 90%, respectively (P<0.001). In addition, patients with high H3K27me3 expression showed shorter median survival time, i.e., 21.5 mon (P<0.0001). Multivariate analysis indicated that H3K27me3 was an independent risk factor for DLBCL patients (P=0.007). CONCLUSION TMA technique is valid for the construction of DLBCL tissue chips. Patients with high expression of H3K27me3 indicates little response to treatment, worse outcome and shorter overall survival. The detection of H3K27me3 expression possesses a certain clinical value for prediction of DLBCL outcome.
A Histone Methyltransferase Is Required for Maximal Response to Female Sex Hormones

ABSTRACT RIZ1 is an estrogen receptor (ER) coactivator but is also a histone lysine methyltransferase that methylates lysine 9 of histone H3, an activity known to repress transcription. We show here that target organs of mice deficient in RIZ1 exhibit decreased response to female sex hormones. RIZ1 interacted with SRC1 and p300, suggesting that the coactivator function of RIZ1 may be mediated by its interaction with other transcriptional coactivators. In the presence of estrogen, RIZ1 binding to estrogen target genes became less direct and followed the binding of ER to DNA and RIZ1 methyltransferase activity on H3-Lys 9 was inhibited, indicating derepression may play a role in estrogen induction of gene transcription. Reducing RIZ1 level correlated with decreased induction of pS2 gene by estrogen in MCF7 cells. The data suggest that a histone methyltransferase is required for optimal estrogen response in female reproductive tissues and that estrogen-bound ER may turn a transcriptional repressor into a coactivator.
The Gender Perspective of Household Food Security in Meskan District of the Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Despite the considerable number of rural women in Ethiopia and their contribution in food production, processing , preparation and provision, they are often neglected and deprived of services and amenities which leads to their vulnerability to poverty, food insecurity, gender bias and effects of environmental change. Accordingly, the principal objective of this study is to assess the food security situation and the type of coping strategies pursued by female and male- headed households in two kebeles of Meskan District of the Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. The findings of the study indicated that femaleheaded households compared to male-headed households are found at a low level of food security and are non- self sufficient in terms of the food requirement of their households and the amount they produce within a year. A number of factors cause the difference in food security status between female and male-headed households as discussed in detail in this paper. The paper winds up by concluding that granting a piece of land by itself could not end the food insecurity problem of female-headed households as these households are constrained by lack of access to important factors of production such as labor, plough oxen and credit and other agricultural inputs. Moreover, cultural and social constraints in a form of gender biased customs, stereotypes and misconceptions about women are the major challenges for female-headed households in the study area.
Evaluation for Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury: Review of the Literature and a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Evaluation for blunt cerebrovascular injury has generated immense controversy with wide variations in recommendations regarding the need for evaluation and the optimal imaging technique. We review the literature and determine the most cost-effective strategy for evaluating blunt cerebrovascular injury in trauma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was performed with data extracted to create a decision-tree analysis for 5 different strategies: anticoagulation for high-risk (based on the Denver screening criteria) patients, selective DSA or CTA (only high-risk patients), and DSA or CTA for all trauma patients. The economic evaluation was based on a health care payer perspective during a 1-year horizon. Statistical analyses were performed. The cost-effectiveness was compared through 2 main indicators: the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio and net monetary benefit. RESULTS: Selective anticoagulation in high-risk patients was shown to be the most cost-effective strategy, with the lowest cost and greatest effectiveness (an average cost of $21.08 and average quality-adjusted life year of 0.7231). Selective CTA has comparable utility and only a slightly higher cost (an average cost of $48.84 and average quality-adjusted life year of 0.7229). DSA, whether performed selectively or for all patients, was not optimal from both the cost and utility perspectives. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated these results to be robust for a wide range of parameter values. CONCLUSIONS: Selective CTA in high-risk patients is the optimal and cost-effective imaging strategy. It remains the dominant strategy over DSA, even assuming a low CTA sensitivity and irrespective of the proportion of patients at high-risk and the incidence of blunt cerebrovascular injury in high-risk patients.
Vitamin D3- induced histological changes in the corpuscles of stannius of a freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis kept either in artificial freshwater, calcium-rich freshwater or calcium-deficient freshwater.

Vitamin D3 (50 I.U./100 g body wt) was injected daily intraperitoneally to the fish H. fossilis maintained in artificial freshwater, calcium-rich freshwater and calcium deficient freshwater. The animals were killed on day 1, 3, 5, and 10. The serum calcium levels were estimated and CS were fixed for histological studies. Administration of vitamin D3 induced hypercalcemia in the fish kept in all the three different media. The AF-positive cells of CS of vitamin D3 treated specimens kept in artificial freshwater, calcium-rich freshwater and calcium-deficient freshwater depict hyperactivity which is expressed by their degranulation and increased nuclear volume. The AF-negative cells of CS of vitamin D3-treated fish kept in artificial freshwater have not shown any change, however, the AF-negative cells of the fish treated with vitamin D3 and maintained in calcium-rich freshwater and calcium-deficient freshwater exhibit a decrease in their nuclear volume.
Immunoreactive transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor in oral squamous cell carcinomas

Forty oral squamous cell carcinomas have been investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF‐α) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). The same cases were recently characterized for the expression of EGF‐receptors. TGF‐α was detected with a monoclonal mouse antibody and EGF with polyclonal rabbit antiserum. Thirty‐five of the tumours were positive for TGF‐α and 26 of the tumours for EGF. None of the poorly differentiated tumours was positive for EGF, but they all were for TGF‐α. In sections including normal differentiated oral mucosa, the cells above the basal cell layer were positive for both TGF‐α and EGF. The same staining pattern was observed in oral mucosa obtained from healthy persons. In moderately to well differentiated carcinomas, the immunoreactivity was mainly confined to the cytologically more differentiated cells, thus paralleling the situation observed in the normal differentiated oral mucosa. In four cases, material was available from both a primary tumour and a metastasis. Three of these were positive for TGF‐α and EGF with the same staining pattern as that of the primary tumours. This investigation together with our previous results confirms the existence of TGF‐α, EGF, and EGF‐receptors in the majority of oral squamous cell carcinomas and their metastases.
Organization and sequence analysis of the 2,4-dichlorophenol hydroxylase and dichlorocatechol oxidative operons of plasmid pJP4

Growth of Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134 on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate requires a 2,4-dichlorphenol hydroxylase encoded by gene tfdB. Catabolism of either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate or 3-chlorobenzoate involves enzymes encoded by the chlorocatechol oxidative operon consisting of tfdCDEF, which converts 3-chloro- and 3,5-dichlorocatechol to maleylacetate and chloromaleylacetate, respectively. Transposon mutagenesis has localized tfdB and tfdCDEF to EcoRI fragment B of plasmid pJP4 (R. H. Don, A. J. Wieghtman, H.-J. Knackmuss, and K. N. Timmis, J. Bacteriol. 161:85-90, 1985). We present the complete nucleotide sequence of tfdB and tfdCDEF contained within a 7,954-base-pair HindIII-SstI fragment from EcoRI fragment B. Sequence and expression analysis of tfdB in Escherichia coli suggested that 2,4-dichlorophenol hydroxylase consists of a single subunit of 65 kilodaltons. The amino acid sequences of proteins encoded by tfdD and tfdE were found to be 63 and 53% identical to those of functionally similar enzymes encoded by clcB and clcD, respectively, from plasmid pAC27 of Pseudomonas putida. P. putida(pAC27) can utilize 3-chlorocatechol but not dichlorinated catechols. A region of DNA adjacent to clcD in pAC27 was found to be 47% identical in amino acid sequence to tfdF, a gene important in catabolizing dichlorocatechols. The region in pAC27 does not appear to encode a protein, suggesting that the absence of a functional trans-chlorodienelactone isomerase may prevent P. putida(pAC27) from utilizing 3,5-dichlorocatechol.
An Overview of Reasons for the Placement and Replacement of Restorations

Aim Surveys on reasons for the placement and replacement of restorations have been conducted in various countries. The purpose of this paper is to bring together and review the data of 10 such surveys with similar methodology. Method The studies reviewed are all based on the protocol described by Mjör in 1981. Results The surveys reviewed provide data on the reasons for the placement and replacement of a total of 32,777 restorations. Notwithstanding differences between countries, different groups of practitioners and minor variations in methodology, the data included in the selected surveys indicate that everyday clinical practice in Scandinavia, UK and USA during the 1980s and 1990s has involved more replacement than initial restorations, with the ratio of initial to replacement restorations ranging from 1:1.1 to 1:2.4 for amalgam and 1:1.1 to 1:3.8 for composite materials. Primary caries has been consistently found to be the principal reason for the provision of initial restorations of amalgam and composite. The principal reason for the replacement of restorations of amalgam and composite has remained secondary caries as diagnosed clinically. Material failures (marginal degradation, discoloration, bulk fracture and loss of anatomic form) accounted for the replacement of more restorations of composite than amalgam. Recent surveys have reported secondary caries as the principal cause of failure of restorations of glass-ionomer cements and related materials. Conclusions The clinical diagnoses of caries may continue to be found to account for the placement and replacement of most intracoronal restorations. Surveys of the type reviewed provide valuable insight into patterns of provision of dental care and highlight research priorities in relation to direct restorations.
Gender Differences in Response to Auditory-Verbal Intervention in Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

Recent research has questioned the role of gender in language development and in special education outcomes, yet neither issue has been addressed in literature on students who are deaf or hard of hearing. To determine if language and placement outcomes differ by gender, the present study considered the behavior of children who attended a clinical program subscribing to an auditory-verbal philosophy. Parents of 28 boys and 42 girls with hearing losses evaluated their children using the Parent Rating Scale of the Letter International Performance Scale—Revised (Roid & Miller, 1997) and the Parental View of Therapy Scale (developed for the present study). Also, clinical file data were surveyed. The boys were found to be more likely than the girls to be rated by their parents as having basic features of temperament nonconducive to traditional clinical language intervention. The girls' language and placement outcomes surpassed the boys', although both groups' outcomes were positive. A possible limitation of the study was that the population was atypical of students with hearing losses in general.
Physiological Impacts of Fruit Ripening and Storage Conditions on Aroma Volatile Formation in Apple and Strawberry Fruit: A Review

After a brief description of the ''history of research'' of aroma volatiles of apple and strawberry fruit, possible reasons for the reduced production of these important quality attributes by particular pre- and postharvest procedures are given. Among the possible physiological factors in association with reduced aroma volatile production, a reduced ethylene sensitivity, a decline in the rate of respiration as well as the content of adenine nucleotides and limited free fatty acids as precursors for aroma volatiles biosynthesis are proposed. A hypothesis about how this sequence of events leads to reduced volatile production is given and finally some suggestions of how to improve volatile synthesis are discussed.
Resolvin E1 Metabolome in Local Inactivation during Inflammation-Resolution1

Resolvin E1 (RvE1; 5S,12R,18R-trihydroxy-6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E-eicosapentaenoic acid) is a potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving mediator derived from the omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid. In this study, we report the RvE1 metabolome, namely, the metabolic products derived from RvE1. RvE1 was converted to several novel products by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and whole blood as well as in murine inflammatory exudates, spleen, kidney, and liver. The potential activity of each of the newly identified products was directly compared with that of RvE1. The new RvE1 products elucidated included 19-hydroxy-RvE1, 20-carboxy-RvE1, and 10,11-dihydro-RvE1. Metabolomic profiles of RvE1 were species-, tissue-, and cell type-specific. Direct comparisons of the bioactions between isolated RvE1 metabolic products indicated that 10,11-dihydro-RvE1, 18-oxo-RvE1, and 20-carboxy-RvE1 displayed reduced bioactivity in vivo. At concentrations as low as 1 nM, RvE1 enhanced macrophage phagocytosis, a proresolving activity that was reduced by metabolic inactivation. These results document novel metabolic products of RvE1 that impact its actions and that both omega-1 hydroxylation and reduction of conjugated double bonds in RvE1 are new pathways of four main routes of RvE1 metabolism in mammalian tissues. Together, these findings indicate that, during inflammation and its controlled resolution, specific tissues inactivate proresolving signals, i.e., RvE1, to permit the coordinated return to homeostasis. Moreover, the RvE1 metabolome may serve as a biomarker of these processes.
Exploring space–time paths in physical and social closeness spaces: a space–time GIS approach

Exploring the evolution of people’s social interactions along with their changing physical locations can help to achieve a better understanding of the processes that generate the relationships between physical distance and social interactions, which can benefit broad fields of study related to social networks. However, few studies have examined the evolving relationships between physical movements and social closeness evolution. This is partially related to the shortage of longitudinal data in both physical locations and social interactions and the lack of an exploratory analysis environment capable of effectively investigating such a process over space and time. With the increasing availability of sociospatiotemporal data in recent years, it is now feasible to examine the relationships between physical separation and social interactions at the individual level in a space–time context. This research was intended to offer a spatiotemporal exploratory analysis approach to address this challenge. The first step was to propose the concept of a social closeness space–time path, which is an extension of the space–time path concept in time geography, to represent evolving human relationships in a social closeness space. A space–time geographical information system (GIS) prototype was then designed to support the representation and analysis of space–time paths in both physical and social closeness spaces. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed concept and design in gaining insight into the impact of physical migration on online social closeness was demonstrated through an empirical study. The contributions of this study include an extension of the time–geographic framework from physical space to social closeness space, the development of a multirepresentation approach in a GIS to integrate an individual’s space–time paths in both physical and social closeness spaces, and an exploratory analysis of the evolving relationships between physical separation and social closeness over time.
Retrieving neurological datas from mobile devices

The (context-aware services). A crucial requirement for the context-aware service provisioning is the dynamic retrieval and interaction with local resources, i.e., resource discovery. The high degree of dynamicity and heterogeneity of mobile environments requires to rethink and/or extend traditional discovery solutions to support more intelligent service search and retrieval, personalized to user context conditions. Several research efforts have recently emerged in the field of service discovery that, based on semantic data representation and technologies, allow flexible matching between user requirements and service capabilities in open and dynamic deployment scenarios. Our research work aims at providing suitable answering mechanisms of mobile requests by taking into account user contexts (preferences, profiles, physical location, temporal information.). This paper proposes an ontology, culled O’Neurolog, to capture semantic knowledge a valuable in Neurology domain in order to assist users (doctor, patient, administration .) when querying Neurology knowledge bases in mobile environment. The increasing diffusion of portable devices with wireless connectivity enables new pervasive scenarios, where users require tailored service access according to their needs, position, and execution/environment conditions.
Evolución de actitudes y competencias matemáticas en estudiantes de secundaria al introducir Geogebra en el aula

Se trata de un estudio llevado a cabo con estudiantes de Secundaria siguiendo una metodologia de investigacion-accion. El interes del trabajo recae en la exploracion de la influencia de Geogebra en la transformacion de actitudes relacionadas con las matematicas y en el desarrollo de competencias matematicas de los estudiantes. Tambien se analizan cuales de las caracteristicas del software intervienen en dicha transformacion actitudinal y desarrollo de competencias matematicas. Para ello se ha disenado, puesto en practica y evaluado una secuencia de ensenanza-aprendizaje basada en el uso de Geogebra, empleando el procedimiento del analisis didactico, la cual puede considerarse una aportacion importante del trabajo. Asimismo, este estudio aporta una caracterizacion de actitudes y una caracterizacion de competencias, asi como los instrumentos de observacion disenados para la recogida de datos durante la puesta en practica de la experiencia en el aula. Los resultados han puesto de relieve las mejoras producidas por el uso de Geogebra, destacando ciertas actitudes y competencias, por la mejora experimentada por la mayoria de los estudiantes debido al trabajo con Geogebra. El efecto de Geogebra ha contribuido a potenciar en mayor grado determinadas actitudes y competencias, encontrando ciertos atributos y ventajas de Geogebra asociados a tal mejora.