Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in suicidal ideation and health-risk behaviors among high school students in Beijing, China

Background Suicide is still the leading cause of death in the 15 to 34-year age group, especially for girls aging 15 to 19-year old. In China particularly, the suicide rate of female is 60% higher than male. The gender difference on suicidal ideation and its patterns with academic, family, social and health-risk factors is unknown among adolescents in Beijing, China. Methods A total of 33 635 students in grades 7-12 in Beijing participated in the 2014 Chinese Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance. Data were stratified by gender and associations with suicidal ideation were analyzed using χ2 test and multivariate regression analyses. The interaction effects on suicidal ideation between gender and the related behaviors were also analyzed. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was significantly higher for girls (13.3%) than boys (10.7%). The multivariate regression analyses indicated that high academic pressure, running away from home, feeling lonely or sad/hopeless, being bullied, fighting, and binge drinking were significantly associated with suicidal ideation in boys and girls. Factors more strongly associated with suicidal ideation in girls than boys were being in junior vs senior high school (girl vs boys: 1.24 vs NA), high academic pressure (2.42 vs 1.55), ever smoking (1.52 vs NA), binge drinking (1.30 vs 1.17), fighting once (1.63 vs 1.06) and being sad/hopeless (2.39 vs 2.04) and their interaction with gender were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). A lower likelihood of suicidal ideation was found among boys, but not girls, who had PE class two or more days per week. Conclusions Girls showed more vulnerability to suicidal ideation than boys particularly among girls in junior school, reporting high academic pressure, smoking, binge drinking and fighting. The combinations of risk factors and differential patterns for boys and girls point to high-risk groups and potential targets for gender-specific suicide prevention.
Improvements in Psychological and Occupational Well-being Following a Brief Yoga-Based Program for Education Professionals

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine changes in psychological and occupational well-being in education professionals who attended a yoga-based program. Methods Education professionals who attended a 3-day yoga-based RISE (resilience, integration, self-awareness, engagement) program were recruited to participate. RISE was administered at the Kripalu Center for Yoga & Health. Measures of psychological and occupational well-being, and health-related behaviors were completed before (baseline), after (post), and 2 months after RISE (follow-up). Forty-four participants completed baseline and post and were included in the analysis. Of those, 33 participants also completed the follow-up. Paired samples t tests were used to compare scores between time points. Results Compared to baseline, at post, participants showed improvements in perceived stress, mindfulness, empowerment, positive affect, negative affect, self-compassion, total work engagement, vigor, sleep quality (all P values < .001), resilience, satisfaction with life, as well as exhaustion and professional efficacy which are dimensions of burnout (all P values < .01). At the follow-up, significant improvements were maintained for mindfulness, empowerment, self-compassion, sleep quality (all P values < .001), resilience, vigor, and exhaustion (all P values < .01) and positive affect, satisfaction with life, and work engagement (all P values < .05). Conclusions These findings suggest that the yoga-based RISE program improves psychological and occupational well-being in education professionals. In addition, participants reported that attending RISE was feasible, they could continue using RISE practices long-term, shared them with work colleagues, and reported that RISE positively impacted both their daily lives and workplace environment. With these promising results, additional controlled research is warranted.
Hip Function 6 to 10 Months After Arthroscopic Surgery: A Cross-sectional Comparison of Subjective and Objective Hip Function, Including Performance-Based Measures, in Patients Versus Controls

Background: Little is known about hip-related function, mobility, and performance in patients after hip arthroscopic surgery (HA) during the time that return to sports can be expected. Purpose: To evaluate measures of subjective and objective hip function 6 to 10 months after HA in patients compared with healthy controls and to compare objective function in the HA group between the operated and nonoperated hips. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 33 patients who had undergone HA (mean, 8.1 ± 2.6 months postoperatively) and 33 healthy participants matched on sex, age, and activity level were compared regarding subjective hip function (Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score [HAGOS]) and objective function including hip range of motion (ROM; flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation), isometric hip muscle strength (adduction, abduction, flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation), and performance-based measures: the Y Balance Test (YBT), medial and lateral triple-hop test, and Illinois agility test. Group differences were analyzed using independent-samples t tests. Paired-samples t tests were used for a comparison of the operated and nonoperated hips. Standard effect sizes (Cohen d) were provided for all outcomes. Results: The HA group reported worse subjective hip function than the control group (HAGOS subscores: d = –0.7 to –2.1; P ≤ .004). Objective measures of hip ROM (d = –0.5 to –1.1; P ≤ .048), hip flexion strength (d = –0.5; P = .043), and posteromedial reach of the YBT (d = –0.5; P = .043) were also reduced in the HA group, although there were no significant differences between groups regarding the remaining objective measures (d = –0.1 to –0.4; P ≥ .102 to .534). The only significant difference between the operated and nonoperated hips in the HA group was reduced passive hip flexion (d = –0.4; P = .045). Conclusion: Patients who had undergone HA demonstrated reduced subjective hip function compared with controls 6 to 10 months after surgery, when return to sports can be expected. While most objective strength and performance test results were comparable between the HA and control groups at 6 to 10 months after surgery, the HA group presented with impairments related to hip mobility and hip flexion strength. No consistent pattern of impairments was found in operated hips compared with nonoperated hips.
Evaluation of 6-mercaptopurine in a cell culture model of adaptable triple-negative breast cancer with metastatic potential

Progenitor-like cancer cells that can survive in reversible quiescence when faced with various challenges in the body are often behind disease progression. A lack of glutamine in culture medium, which eliminates >99.9% of proliferating SUM149 triple-negative breast cancer cells, selects such adaptable, pan-resistant cells. Our data support the hypothesis that a lack of glutamine forces the selection of an epigenetic state that does not require a high level of TET2, thus selecting an “undifferentiated” therapy-resistant phenotype as seen in TET2-mutant cancers. Our data suggesting that highly adaptable cells are generated through reprograming of the epigenome and transcriptome led us to evaluate low-dose 6-mercaptopurine as a potential therapy in our model. We found that a long treatment with low-dose 6-mercaptopurine inhibited the proliferation of these adaptable cells to a greater extent than it inhibited parental cells. Importantly, a small percentage of adaptable cells survived a low-dose 6-mercaptopurine treatment in a reversible quiescence, analogous to the persistence of abnormal progenitor-like cells in inflammatory bowel disease, which stays in a durable remission with a 6-mercaptopurine treatment. Based on a biomarkers analysis, a long treatment with 6-mercaptopurine or aspirin partially reversed epithelial to mesenchymal transition in adaptable cancer cells. A cell culture model of adaptable cancer cells that persist in the body will help in discovering superior therapies that can be offered before the disease advances to metastasis.
Learning Styles in Pathology: A Comparative Analysis and Implications for Learner-Centered Education

Initiatives like “American Medical Association (AMA)-Reimagining Residency” and “Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-Next Accreditation System” are examples of a paradigm shift toward learner-centered pedagogy in resident education. Such interventions require an understanding of the basics of the learning process itself. This study aimed to identify preferred learning styles in pathology with the intent to use specialty-specific pattern data, if any, to improve pathology training modalities. Kolb’s learning tool questionnaire was sent to pathology-inclined medical students, pathology residents, fellows, and faculty in 5 academic programs. Data from 84 respondents (6 students, 37 residents, 12 fellows, 29 attendings) were analyzed. There was remarkable similarity in learning styles of fellows and faculty, revealing a dominance of observational learning styles (“assimilating” and “diverging”) that was consistent with pathology being a visual field. In contrast, residents showed dominance of “learn by doing” styles (“converging” and “accommodating”). Residents’ stratification by training year showed a scattered distribution with an upward trend toward “learn by doing” behavior. While the difference in styles between residents and faculty/fellows may be due to a generational gap, transition from medical school, or acquisition of technical skills required for grossing specimens, this is an opportunity for adopting blended learning models and active learning processes to cater to residents’ different styles and to allow for flexibility to use all styles as and when needed. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that partnering juniors and seniors with similar styles has a potential for successful mentorship and exploration of other psychometrics is recommended for further understanding and improvement of pathology training.
The role of acetyl-coA carboxylase2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Background Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) plays an important role in the metabolism of various cancer cells, but its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is uncertain. Therefore, in the present study, we explored the role of ACC2 in HNSCC. Methods Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays were used to determine ACC2 protein expression levels in laryngocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissues derived from patients with laryngocarcinoma. ACC2 expression was knocked down in the hypopharyngeal cancer cell line FaDu to determine its effect on apoptosis. Lipid oil red staining was used to test the change of intracellular lipid. Results The results showed that the ACC2 protein was highly expressed in laryngocarcinoma and that the ACC2 expression level was positively associated with the clinical cancer stage and negatively associated with the degree of laryngocarcinoma cell differentiation. Kaplan–Meier analyses indicated that compared with patients having low levels of ACC2, those with high ACC2 levels had a decreased 5-year survival rate. The results of western blot and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assays showed that knockdown of ACC2 accelerated apoptosis in FaDu cells. Furthermore, knockdown of ACC2 significantly reduced the intracellular lipid levels in FaDu cells. Conclusion These findings suggest that ACC2 may be an important prognostic marker for patients with HNSCC and that ACC2 may be a potential target in the treatment of HNSCC.
The relationship between the habits of a currently used system and the acceptance of a new system

According to the theories of information technology (IT) adoption such as the technology acceptance model (TAM) (Davis, 1989; Davis et al., 1989), the adoption of a new system is determined by reasoning-based judgments such as beliefs of, attitude toward, and intention of the new system. However, in most cases, the adoption of a new system may be influenced by the systems that so far have been or currently are used, in addition to the perceptions of the new system. For example, the acceptance of a new word processor may not be independent of the system that has been so far or is currently being used. More specifically, the acceptance of a new system may be influenced by the unconscious habits of using the current system as well as their judgments of the new system. In general, routine behaviors are controlled by habits while new and important behaviors are guided by conscious judgments (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975; 2010; Triandis, 1980). While the adoption of new systems is considered a relatively new behavior, the continuous use of the current system may be considered a routine behavior. Thus, habit is one of the most influential factors for governing the continuous use of the current system (Kim, 2009; Kim and Malhotra, 2005; Limayem et al., 2007; Oritz de Guinea and Makus, 2009). This implies
USE AND PRODUCTIVITY IN PERSONAL COMPUTING: AN EMPIRICAL TEST

This paper provides some empirical evidence on the link between computer use and the efficiency and effectiveness of voluntary, direct users of personal computers. A survey of accounting professionals in the Internal Revenue Service (N = 1110) provides self-reported levels of use, efficiency and effectiveness, as well as data on training, management policy and user characteristics. A second survey of completed audits (N = 1851) provides an objective standard of comparison for the self-reported use and performance data. Although users believe the computer is faster for some tasks, it does not improve their overall efficiency. The divergence is accounted for in part by managerial policies that encourage use of the system for marginal tasks and in part by users choosing to use the tool for activities that could be done more quickly manually. Data on the association between use and effectiveness show that while users believe the computer makes them more effective, much of this perceived value is symbolic rather than substantive. Users benefit from a sense of professionalism and self-esteem, but it is not clear whether the organization as a whole benefits. The low association between use and productivity suggests that researchers should resist the temptation to regard use as a proxy for implementation success in the absence of actual productivity measures. Practitioners should be aware that policies which promote use may actually hurt productivity by encouraging users to apply technology to tasks where it is only marginally useful.
Exploring Effects of Criteria and Multiple Graders on Case Grading

Written analyses of cases help the student develop the skills of logical analysis and written communication. However, students often question the reliability of the grades that they receive. In this study, the author used six criteria to evaluate case analysis by two graders who were team teaching a course. Results show that even with predetermined criteria, the graders had areas of disagreement as a result of varied interpretation. Yet, student grades suggest that students benefit from a process that involves multiple cases and multiple graders. The author discusses the implications of these findings.
An improved naive Bayesian classifier technique coupled with a novel input solution method [rainfall prediction]

Data mining is the study of how to determine underlying patterns in the data to help make optimal decisions on computers when the database involved is voluminous, hard to characterize accurately and constantly changing. It deploys techniques based on machine learning alongside more conventional methods. These techniques can generate decision or prediction models based on actual historical data. Therefore, they represent true evidence-based decision support. Rainfall prediction is a good problem to solve by data mining techniques. This paper proposes an improved naive Bayes classifier (INCB) technique and explores the use of genetic algorithms (GAs) for the selection of a subset of input features in classification problems. It then carries out a comparison with several other techniques. It compares the following algorithms on real meteorological data in Hong Kong: (1) genetic algorithms with average classification or general classification (GA-AC and GA-C), (2) C4.5 with pruning, and (3) INBC with relative frequency or initial probability density (INBC-RF and INBC-IPD). Two simple schemes are proposed to construct a suitable data set for improving their performance. Scheme I uses all the basic input parameters for rainfall prediction. Scheme II uses the optimal subset of input variables which are selected by a GA. The results show that, among the methods we compared, INBC achieved about a 90% accuracy rate on the rain/no-rain classification problems. This method also attained reasonable performance on rainfall prediction with three-level depth and five-level depth, which are around 65%-70%.
ESSAYS IN ALGEBRAIC SIMPLIFICATION

This thesis consists of essays on several aspects of the problem of algebraic simplification by computer. Since simplification is at the core of most algebraic manipulations, efficient and effective simplification procedures are essential to building useful computer systems for non-numerical mathematics. Efficiency is attained through carefully designed and engineered algorithms, heuristics, and data types, while effectiveness is assured through theoretical considerations. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the field of algebraic manipulation, and serves to place the following chapters in perspective. Chapter 2 reports on an original design for, and programming implementation of, a pattern matching system intended to recognize non-obvious occurrences of patterns within algebraic expressions. A user of such a system can "teach" the computer new simplification rules. Chapter 3 reports on new applications of standard mathematical algorithms used for canonical simplifications of rational expressions. These applications, in combinations, allow a computer system to contain a fair amount of expertise in several areas of algebraic manipulation. Chapter 4 reports on a new, practical, canonical simplification algorithm for radical expressions (i.e. algebraic expressions including roots of polynomials). The effectiveness of the procedure is assured through proofs of appropriate properties of these simplified expressions. Chapter 5 is a brief summary and a discussion of potential research areas. Two appendices describe MACSYMA, a computer system for symbolic manipulation, an effort of some dozen researchers (including the author) which has served as the vehicle for this work.
Information systems education in Masters programs in public affairs and administration

Public administration scholars and practitioners have long been aware of the need for computer related education for students of public affairs and administration. Rufus Miles, in 1967, proposed that computer training become a basic component of graduate-level training in public administration. ' In 1974, Roy G. Saltman called for an increased emphasis on "information science" in public administration curricula and further proposed the establishment of a committee to recommend information systems course work for programs in public management.2 Most recently, the National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) Committee on Computers in Public Management Education has proposed course work for computer training for masters students of public administration.3 The present study details the current state of computer and information systems education in Master of Public Administration (MPA) programs. This research describes the extent of management information systems and computer applications course work in MPA programs and examines the extent to which hands-on computer training is integrated into MPA courses. Another important aspect of this investigation is an assessment of the course work and knowledge in information systems that public administration faculty believe should be required of all MPA students. This study also assesses the prospects for increasing information systems course work in MPA programs. Thus, data are provided concerning the possibilities of implementing the curriculum recommendations of the NASPAA Committee on Computers in Public Management Education.
RESEARCH INTO THE ASSESSMENT OF SCHOOL-AGE LANGUAGE LEARNERS

This chapter describes recent research into the assessment of school-age language learners in both second language and foreign language situations. The review is organized under five areas of research endeavor: the standards movement and its impact on second language learners in schools; large-scale content-based assessment and ways to counteract its negative impact on second language learners; investigations of academic language proficiency; explorations of classroom assessment; and young learner assessment. These areas of research are interrelated but sufficiently distinct to be addressed under separate headings. References to current research from various countries around the world are included, and suggested directions for further research are given.
Research of On-Line Help as Learner Strategies for Multimedia CALL Evaluation

Recently, language learning researchers have seemed to focus more on process than product because process data are claimed to provide better information for understanding language acquisition. Since research on learners' use of strategies is believed to shed light on learning processes, it is attracting more and more researchers' attention. On the other hand, computer assisted language learning (CALL) researchers and courseware developers have been much concerned with evaluation partly because of the high cost of CALL, especially multimedia CALL, development. Empirical data of learner strategies in CALL contexts are needed to disclose what learners actually do when they use courseware and, perhaps more important, what kind of learning actually occurs in CALL mediated contexts. This paper first provides a short survey of learner strategy research, strategy instruction, and the use of on-line help in multimedia materials.1 Then, a study which was conducted as part of a formative evaluation study on an interactive videodisc (IVD) program is discussed. The study investigated (a) learners' use of resource facilities (e.g., their use of scripts, glossaries, and background information) in the IVD program and (b) their reactions to the use of the resource facilities.