Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collaborative culture and relationship strength roles in collaborative relationships: a supply chain perspective

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to model and investigate collaborative culture and relationship strength roles in supply chain collaboration. This research highlights critical role played by culture and relationship strength in collaboration. Design/methodology/approach Drawing from relational view, a conceptual model is developed with the help of literature, and the model is validated with data collected in India using partial least squares method. Findings Results and analyses revealed that culture and relationship strength significantly and strongly influence each collaborative activity. The relationship strength fully mediates between collaborative culture and supply chain performance. The research also finds that the relationship strength partially mediates between collaborative culture and market-based information sharing, operational resource planning and sharing. In the long-term, collaborative culture drives relationship strength and the element enhances collaborative activities. Originality/value This research attempted to explore collaborative culture and relationship strength which are crucial for collaborative relationship. Many mediation effects are studied which increase the understanding and give insights for its implementation. Its theoretical and practical implications are highlighted. This knowledge has enough potential to lead collaborative relationships towards success.
Benefits of Parenteral Lipid Emulsions in Acute Respiratory Failure

Lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition can interfere with pulmonary functions in patients displaying anomalies of the ventilation-perfusion ratio. The underlying mechanisms are unknown, but involve modifications of the production of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator eicosanoids as an effect of lipid infusion. Preferential synthesis of one or other of the eicosanoid types depends on the rate of administration of the lipids. Slow flow, corresponding to the administration of 100 g of triglycerides in 10-12 hours, leads to no change in the ventilation/perfusion ratio, and has no effect on gas
Determinants of impairment in lung diffusing capacity in patients with systemic sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES Lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is impaired in interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated to systemic sclerosis (SSc), but the mechanism of DLCO reduction remains controversial. We hypothesised that the determinants of DLCO impairment differ in interstitial or vascular involvement of the lung of SSc patients. METHODS DLCO was partitioned into alveolar-capillary membrane conductance (Dm) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) using combined single-breath DLNO and DLCO measurements. Seventeen SSc patients without pulmonary involvement (SSc), 20 SSc patients with ILD (SSc-ILD), with and without PAH, and 21 healthy controls were included. RESULTS DLNO and Dm were reduced in SSc patients as compared with controls, whereas Vc was not significantly different. SSc-ILD patients showed a highly significant decrease in Dm and Vc as compared with SSc patients and controls. Vc tended to be more reduced than Dm in SSc-ILD patients with PAH. Dm and Vc were negatively correlated with PAPs and HCRT scores, but the relationship with the HRCT score was stronger. CONCLUSIONS DLNO is more sensitive than DLCO in detecting functional impairment in SSc without radiologic or haemodynamic alterations. A disproportional reduction of Dm relative to Vc suggests a thickening of the blood-gas diffusion barrier in these patients. In SSc patients with detectable ILD, the gas exchange impairment is due to both components of lung diffusing capacity, and partitioning of DLCO in Dm and Vc is of little use in distinguishing the patients with only ILD from those with ILD complicated by PAH.
Relative Valuation – Accuracy of Corporate Valuation Using Multiples

This paper investigates the accuracy of three different methods that are used to perform a relative valuation. I also study the valuation accuracy of the three most widely used multiples used within these methods, the enterprise value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA), the forward-looking price per share to earnings per share (P/EPS1), and the price-book (P/B). In addition, the difference between industries regarding valuation accuracy is investigated. A sample containing 246 companies listed on S&P Europe 350 during 2013-2015 is used. Method 1 uses comparable companies based on industry membership, and harmonic mean as a statistical measure to generate a multiple. Method 2 uses six companies from the same industry, that are similar in a relation to a profitability measure, using harmonic mean as a statistical measure to generate the multiple. Method 3 uses comparable companies based on industry membership and regression as a statistical measure to generate a multiple. I find that Method 2 provides the lowest valuation errors when used with the EV/EBITDA multiple and the P/B multiple. However, for the P/EPS1 multiple, all methods provide similar results. Method 1 provides the second best results, and Method 3 delivers the worst results. Regarding the multiples, I find that P/EPS1 deliver consistently best results, the EV/EBITDA comes second, and the P/B provides the worst results. Finally, the industrials and the consumer services industries have the lowest valuation error, and the financials industry highest valuation error. (Less)
Effects of pilot hole size and bone density on miniscrew implants' stability.

PROBLEM How does pilot hole size and bone density affect the primary stability of miniscrew implants (MSIs)? METHODS Using 120 MSIs divided equally into six groups, this 2 × 3 factorial design evaluated the effects of synthetic bone density (0.64 g/cc vs 0.8 g/cc cortices) and pilot hole size (no pilot hole, 1.0 mm pilot hole, and 1.4 mm pilot hole) on maximum insertion torque and pullout strength. The maximum placement torque was measured as the last thread of the MSIs was inserted. The pullout strength test applied a vertical force at 10 mm/min until failure. RESULTS The insertion torque and pullout strength values were significantly (p ≤ .05) greater for the MSIs placed in high-density than in low-density cortical bone. The insertion torque and pullout strength decreased as pilot hole size increased, with significant (p ≤ .05) differences between all three subgroups. Insertion torque and pullout strength were significantly intercorrelated for all subgroupings, with stronger correlations in denser bone having smaller or no pilot holes. CONCLUSION Depending on bone density, pilot holes of limited size can be used to optimize primary stability by decreasing insertion torque while maintaining the pullout strength of bone.
Fine Structure of the Myxosporean, Henneguya curimata n. sp., Parasite of the Amazonian Fish, Curimata inormata (Teleostei, Curimatidae)

Abstract Henneguya curimata n. sp. (Myxozoa, Myxobolidae) is described from the kidney of the teleost Curimata inormata collected in an estuarine region of the Amazon River, near Belém, Brazil. This myxosporean produces large cysts (0.6–1.2 mm in diam.) that represent plasmodia containing all life cycle stages, including spores. The spore body is ellipsoidal (∼ 16.6 μm in length and ∼ 6.2 μm in width), and each valve presents a tapering tail (∼ 19.1 μm in length). These valves surround the binucleate sporoplasm cell and two ellipsoidal polar capsules located side-by-side at the same level, measuring 6.5 × 1.2 μm each and containing 10–11 coils of the polar filament. On the basis of its host specificity and on data collected by light and electron microscopy, the organism, H. curimata n. sp. is distinguished as a new species. The taxonomic affinities and morphological comparisons with other similar species of the same genus are discussed.
Study on Corporate Social Responsibility as Strategic Instrument for Creating Sustainable Corporate Brand Value: An Analysis with Structural Equation Modelling

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an essential element in the world of modern business. Corporate social responsibility has been made mandatory by the Government of India under an amendment of the Companies Act, 2013. Now, it is a dilemma whether CSR will be just restricted to the performance of government norms or it will contribute to the improvement of the corporate brand image. The present study is a thoughtful attempt to explore the relationship between CSR, social development, social trust and brand–society association through an analysis using structural equation modelling. The tested model of the current study also focuses on strategic CSR linkage to create a sustainable corporate brand value.
Requirement of nickel metabolism proteins HypA and HypB for full activity of both hydrogenase and urease in Helicobacter pylori

The nickel‐containing enzymes hydrogenase and urease require accessory proteins in order to incorporate properly the nickel atom(s) into the active sites. The Helicobacter pylori genome contains the full complement of both urease and hydrogenase accessory proteins. Two of these, the hydrogenase accessory proteins HypA (encoded by hypA) and HypB (encoded by hypB), are required for the full activity of both the hydrogenase and the urease enzymes in H. pylori. Under normal growth conditions, hydrogenase activity is abolished in strains in which either hypA (HypA:kan) or hypB (HypB:kan) have been interrupted by a kanamycin resistance cassette. Urease activity in these strains is 40 (HypA:kan)‐ and 200 (HypB:kan)‐fold lower than for the wild‐type (wt) strain 43504. Nickel supplementation in the growth media restored urease activity to almost wt levels. Hydrogenase activity was restored to a lesser extent, as has been observed for hyp mutants in other (H2‐oxidizing) bacteria. Expression levels of UreB (the urease large subunit) were not affected by inactivation of either hypA or hypB, as determined by immunoblotting. Urease activity was not affected by lesions in the genes for either the hydrogenase accessory proteins HypD or HypF or the hydrogenase large subunit structural gene, indicating that the urease deficiency was not caused by lack of hydrogenase activity. When crude extracts of wt, HypA:kan and HypB:kan were separated by anion exchange chromatography, the urease‐containing fractions of the mutant strains contained about four (HypA:kan)‐ and five (HypB:kan)‐fold less nickel than did the urease from wt, indicating that the lack of urease activity in these strains results from a nickel deficiency in the urease enzyme.
Octreotide treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a proof-of-concept study

To the Editors: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most frequent form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. It is a chronic, progressive and fatal disease of unknown aetiology, characterised by histological features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Disease progression is marked by worsening dyspnoea, progressive loss of lung volume, abnormal gas exchange and poor quality of life. Median survival after diagnosis is 3–5 yrs. Currently, pirfenidone is the only drug approved in Europe for the treatment in IPF, as it has been shown to slow the decline of lung function [1]. However, no effect on survival has been demonstrated until now. Somatostatin is an endogenous cyclic peptide initially identified as a regulator of growth hormone secretion. In humans, it has been shown to bind with equal efficiency to five receptors: sst1, sst2A, sst3, sst4 and sst5. We have recently shown that the sst2A receptor is highly expressed in fibrotic lung tissue in IPF patients and that the uptake of octreotide, a somatostatin analogue that has a high affinity for sst2A, is elevated in the lungs of IPF patients and is correlated with the severity of lung fibrosis [2, 3]. Octreotide has been widely used for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours for >20 yrs. In this study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of octreotide as a therapy for IPF. This was an open-label, proof-of-concept, non-randomised, non-controlled, multicentre phase II study performed in France between October 2006 and April 2008 to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intramuscular long-acting octreotide in patients with IPF. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier number NCT00463983). Patients had to be aged ≥40 yrs and meet the diagnostic criteria for IPF described in the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society consensus statement [4]. In patients aged <50 yrs, a …
Work environments, creative behaviours, and employee engagement

While research regarding the work environments of successful organisations reports separate outcomes of creative behaviours and highly engaged employees, little research has been carried out to simultaneously investigate both notions. This research uses a qualitative field study to investigate the creative behaviours and employee engagement of employees in five types of work contexts within a large project-based organisation. Findings highlight the importance of the challenge of problem solving as positive influence on creative behaviours and employee engagement. Implications for theory and practice include a stronger focus on job design, and manager actions in facilitating both creative behaviours and employee engagement.
The snowball effect: Friendship moderates escalations in depressed affect among avoidant and excluded children

Abstract A three-wave longitudinal study conducted with preadolescent boys and girls (N = 231 at Time 1 [T1]) was used to assess the hypotheses that aspects of social withdrawal would be predictors of a “snowball” cascade of depressed affect, and that friendship experiences would moderate these effects. Consistent with these hypotheses, multilevel modeling showed that measures of avoidance and exclusion at T1 were associated with concurrent levels of depressed affect and were antecedent to escalating trajectories of depressed affect over time. These accelerating growth curves fit a snowball cascade model. The analyses also showed the protective effects of friendship. Specifically, the snowball effect was limited to avoidant and excluded children who were friendless. Depressed affect did not increase among avoidant and excluded children who were friended.
Therapeutic drug monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease: too little too early?-comments on the American Gastroenterology Association Guideline.

The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has advanced significantly in recent years, with increasing availability of biologic agents, the use of measurable objective biomarkers of inflammation (e.g., fecal calprotectin) and increasing use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to optimize individual therapies. IBD management has evolved towards a treat-to-target approach, of which TDM is an increasingly essential part. However, the clinical utilization of TDM varies globally and between institutions, and the ideal best practice use of TDM remains unclear. The recently published American Gastroenterology Association (AGA) TDM guideline attempted to address these issues for clinicians. It consisted of five recommendations on the use of TDM in IBD (1). Two of these recommendations considered anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents, with the remaining three relevant to thiopurines. Recommendations were not made on TDM of newer biologics agents such as vedolizumab and ustekinumab, due to the current paucity of data. The article was accompanied by a detailed technical review (2), a decision support tool (3), and a patient guide (4). The recommendations were developed by the AGA guideline panel, using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. A literature review was performed in March 2016, and the panel met in February 2017 before finalizing the guideline.
Beyond learning fixed rules and social cues: abstraction in the social arena.

Abstraction is a central idea in many areas of physical comparative cognition such as categorization, numerical competence or problem solving. This idea, however, has rarely been applied to comparative social cognition. In this paper, I propose that the notion of abstraction can be applied to the social arena and become an important tool to investigate the social cognition and behaviour processes in animals. To make this point, I present recent evidence showing that chimpanzees know about what others can see and about what others intend. These data do not fit either low-level mechanisms based on stimulus-response associations or high-level explanations based on metarepresentational mechanisms such as false belief attribution. Instead, I argue that social abstraction, in particular the development of concepts such as seeing in others, is key to explaining the behaviour of our closest relative in a variety of situations.
Designing Effective Serious Games: Opportunities and Challenges for Research

Serious Games represent an acknowledged potential for instruction, because they are able to strongly motivate learners. They can also provide immersive environments where advanced users can practice knowledge and skills, also exploiting multimodal interaction. They can combine the effectiveness of computer processing and data storage, with high levels of attractiveness. Our work has investigated the state of the art research on SGs, starting from the cognitive aspects, that are necessary in order to root technological development and applications in sound theoretical foundations. The paper discusses some key aspects about SG design and exploitation: choice of components-off-the-shelf or from-scratch design, tools and methodologies for development or adaptation, intelligent tutoring, virtual coaches and affective learning, living worlds, game mechanics, Human-Computer Interaction. While several SGs have been developed, still the literature stresses a lack of significant, extensive user tests. Further research is necessary to investigate in greater detail the real effectiveness of the various types of SGs. The paper proposes several research questions - that range from requirements elicitation to design and from deployment to use and evaluation - to be answered in order to avoid technology pushing and drive technological research according to the requirements of the end-users and stakeholders. We believe that deepening the analysis about these issues is key to strengthen the foundations of SG research, for which we identify four major directions: definition of metrics and learning progress evaluation tools; methodologies and tools for designing games from various topics and for various users; computing and communication architectures; technologies that can enhance the overall system performance.
Effect of 2-Octyl-Cyanoacrylate on Ischemic Anastomosis of the Left Colon

Introduction: 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate may be a good alternative in ischemic colon anastomosis without impairment of tissue perfusion. Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four experimental groups (n = 10 in each group). In group 1 (control), a well-perfused left colonic segment was transected, and free ends were anastomosed by propylene sutures. In groups 2, 3, and 4, the animals underwent a standardized surgical procedure to induce ischemic left colon anastomosis. In group 2, an end-to-end anastomosis was created using six interrupted 6-0 polypropylene sutures between ischemic edges. In group 3, after approximating the mesenteric and antimesenteric edges of the anastomosis with two 6-0 polypropylene sutures, 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate was applied between the edges. In group 4, anastomosis was created by the same technique as described in group 2, and additionally 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate was applied on suture line. Rats were killed on day 4 following operation. Anastomotic integrity, intraperitoneal adhesion scores, anastomotic bursting pressures, and tissue hydroxyproline levels were recorded. Histopathological examination of the anastomosis was also performed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among groups with respect to anastomotic integrity (p =.142). The mean bursting pressure values were 81.1 ± 23.83, 43.3 ± 26.06, 15.8 ± 11.3, and 17.6 ± 18.02 in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences among groups 2, 3, and 4 with respect to tissue hydroxyproline levels and bursting pressure levels. The highest adhesion scores were observed in groups 3 and 4. Discussion: 2-octyl cyanoacrylate does not have additional advantages in the healing of experimental ischemic colon anastomosis.
Consumer Adoption of Broadband in Pakistan Consumer Adoption of Broadband in Pakistan

The aim of this study is to provide an understanding of the factors affecting the adoption of broadband Internet in a developing country context in this instance Pakistan. In order to achieve the stated aim this study, identified and examined various attitudinal, normative and control factors to provide insights of broadband adoption. The data on these variables was collected using a survey approach. A self-administered questionnaire was sent between October and December 2006 to 275 consumers with a total of 237 responses obtained from the respondents. The findings of this paper suggest that primary influence, facilitating conditions resources, cost and perceived ease of use are significant factors for explaining behavioral intentions to adopt broadband in Pakistan. The paper also outlines the theoretical contributions, implications for practice and limitations of this research.
PENGARUH PENGALAMAN AUDIT, BEBAN KERJA, TASK SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE TERHADAP PENDETEKSIAN KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN (Studi pada KAP di Sumatera Bagian Selatan)

The purpose of this study is to determine, obtain empirical evidence and analyze the effect of audit experience, workload, and task-specific knowledge on fraud detection of financial statements. The data used is questionnaires to Auditor (senior and junior auditors) in 14 (fourteen) Public Accounting Firm (KAP) in Southern Sumatra, which is located at: Palembang city, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung and Bangka Belitung Province. Independent variable is audit experience, workload, task specific knowledge, while the dependent variable is fraud detection of financial statements. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis, while the hypotheses test performed simultaneously and partially after the regression model free of classical assumption violations.The results showed that audit experience, workload and task specific knowledge both partially and simultaneously have a positive influence on fraud detection on financial statements. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.893 that means the independent variable auditor experience, workload and task specific knowledge affecting on fraud detecting on financial statements of 89.3% and the remaining of 10.7% is influenced by other variables that is not included in this research.