Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF POULTRY DISEASES AT HIGH ALTITUDES OF DISTRICT POONCH AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR

Present study investigates prevalence of diseases, important causes of mortality in Broiler and Layer flocks and their interaction with high altitudes as influenced by different climatic conditions. The basis of data is post mortem examination of the birds submitted to District Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry during the period from 2008 to 2011. The total record was 28694 cases, 21896 broilers and 6825 layers. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs and post mortem examination. On the basis of altitude District was divided into two categories, below 4000 and above 4000 feet high. Over all Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) was found most prevalent (29.37%) in broilers followed by Colibacillosis 18.61%, Coccidiosis 17.38% and Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) 17.27%, while Coryza 33.75% was most prevalent disease in layers followed by ND 22.12%, CRD 16.11% Coccidiosis 12.48% and Colibacillosis 11.36%. On the basis of altitude, the occurrence of various diseases were IBD 29.22%, Colibacillosis 18.53%, CRD 17.89% and Coccidiosis 17.00% above 4000 feet height in broilers, Coryza 43.92%, CRD 21.91% and ND 17.26% in layers while IBD 32.01%, Colibacillosis 18.78%, Coccidiosis 18.28% and CRD 15.82% in broilers and ND 28.58%, Coccidiosis 20.83%, Coryza 20.25% and Colibacillosis 16.30% in layers below 4000 feet were found. However, rests of the diseases diagnosed during the period were Enteritis, Omphalitis and Hydropericardium.
The development of the 'Economic impacts of Smoking In Pregnancy' (ESIP) model for measuring the impacts of smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy

Background Smoking in pregnancy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality [1-3], with a significant cost burden to the NHS. [4] An estimated 26% of women still report smoking at the beginning of or just before pregnancy, with 12% reporting smoking throughout. [5]While economic evaluations of cessation interventions in the non-pregnant population are well developed, similar evaluations of within-pregnancy interventions are not. [6] Because of the special circumstances associated with pregnancy, general smoking evaluations cannot be applied in these settings. [4, 5] This thesis outlines the development of an improved economic model designed to capture the healthcare costs and benefits associated with smoking and cessation within pregnancy. Methods A series of scoping reviews of the electronic resource Medline were conducted to identify either within-pregnancy or childhood morbidities which had potentially causal associations with smoking during or after pregnancy, as well as the incidences of morbidities and health related quality of life (HRQoL) scores attributable to those identified. A systematic review appraised the previous economic literature on cessation during pregnancy, to determine where improvements were needed. To ensure that relapse to smoking could be accounted for, a second systematic review generated pooled estimates of abstinence from smoking in the postpartum period. This information was used to develop and construct the improved economic model. Results 11 conditions were identified as having a causal association with smoking during pregnancy. The systematic review of previous evaluations identified 17 studies; however, only three were considered high quality, suggesting the need for an improved model. The pooled estimates of abstinence suggested that by two years postpartum, most women had restarted smoking, with most relapsing after three, but before 12, months postpartum. The Economic impacts of Smoking In Pregnancy (ESIP) model consists of two linked decision trees which capture the within-pregnancy aspects, while two linked Markov chains capture the post-pregnancy smoking behaviour for both the mother and her child. ESIP was also extended to control for uncertainty. Conclusion ESIP improves on the previous literature since it directly captures the impact of the mother’s smoking behaviour on the health of her offspring, both within-pregnancy and childhood, using the most accurate data currently available. Future extensions to ESIP include an adult component for the infant to capture their smoking behaviour.
Analysing Snapshot Isolation

Snapshot isolation (SI) is a widely used consistency model for transaction processing, implemented by most major databases and some of transactional memory systems. Unfortunately, its classical definition is given in a low-level operational way, by an idealised concurrency-control algorithm, and this complicates reasoning about the behaviour of applications running under SI. We give an alternative specification to SI that characterises it in terms of transactional dependency graphs of Adya et al., generalising serialisation graphs. Unlike previous work, our characterisation does not require adding additional information to dependency graphs about start and commit points of transactions. We then exploit our specification to obtain two kinds of static analyses. The first one checks when a set of transactions running under SI can be chopped into smaller pieces without introducing new behaviours, to improve performance. The other analysis checks whether a set of transactions running under a weakening of SI behaves the same as when running under SI.
HABILIDADE DO ACADÊMICO DE ENFERMAGEM PARA LIDAR COM A SEXUALIDADE DO CLIENTE 1 NURSING STUDENT'S HABILITY TO HANDLE TO PATIENT'S SEXUALITY HABILIDAD DEL ESTUDIANTE DE ENFERMARÍA PARA TRABAJAR CON LA SEXUALIDAD DEL PACIENTE

This is a qualitative and quantitative descriptive survey to detect if the nursing students consider themselves ready to deal with issues relating to patients’ sexuality and to get to know how the students deal with their sexuality. It was found that most of them considered themselves technically and emotionally unprepared to deal with sexuality issues, the most common being procedures around the genitals and questions asked by family members and patients. The students feel embarrassed, surprised and scared in these moments.
Challenging Giants. Hartree-Fock Methods Analysis Protonated Rhodochrosite Crystal and Potential in the Elimination of Cancer Cells Through Synchrotron Radiation

The rhodochrosite as crystal oscillator for being an alternative to those of quartz. The rhodochrosite (MnCO3) shows complete solid solution with siderite (FeCO3), and it may contain substantial amounts of Zn, Mg, Co, and Ca. There is no precedent in the literature on the treatment of tumor tissues by eliminating these affected tissues, using rhodocrosite crystals in tissue absorption and eliminating cancerous tissues by synchrotron radiation. The studies that are found are the research papers of this team. Through an unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) computational simulation, Compact effective potentials (CEP), the infrared spectrum of the protonated rhodochrosite crystal, CH19Mn6O8, and the load distribution by the unit molecule by two widely used methods, Atomic Polar Tensor (APT) and Mulliken, were studied. The rhodochrosite crystal unit cell of structure CMn6O8, where the load distribution by the molecule was verified in the UHF CEP-4G (Effective core potential (ECP) minimal basis), UHF CEP-31G (ECP split valance) and UHF CEP-121G (ECP triple-split basis). The largest load variation in the APT and Mulliken methods were obtained in the CEP-121G basis set, with δ = 2.922 e δ = 2.650 u. a. , respectively, being δAPT > δMulliken. The maximum absorbance peaks in the CEP-4G, CEP-31G and CEP-121G basis set are present at the frequencies 2172.23 cm-1, with a normalized intensity of 0.65; 2231.4 cm-1 and 0.454; and 2177.24 cm-1 and 1.0, respectively. An in-depth study is necessary to verify the absorption by the tumoral and non-tumoral tissues of rhodochrosite, before and after irradiating of synchrotron radiation using Small–Angle X–Ray Scattering (SAXS), Ultra–Small Angle X–Ray Scattering (USAXS), Fluctuation X–Ray Scattering (FXS), Wide–Angle X–Ray Scattering (WAXS), Grazing–Incidence Small–Angle X–Ray Scattering (GISAXS), Grazing–Incidence Wide–Angle X–Ray Scattering (GIWAXS), Small–Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), Grazing–Incidence Small–Angle Neutron Scattering (GISANS), X–Ray Diffraction (XRD), Powder X–Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Wide–Angle X–Ray Diffraction (WAXD), Grazing– Incidence X–Ray Diffraction (GIXD) and Energy–Dispersive X–Ray Diffraction (EDXRD). Later studies could check the advantages and disadvantages of rhodochrosite in the treatment of cancer through synchrotron radiation, such as one oscillator crystal. Studying the sites of rhodocrosite action may lead to a better understanding of its absorption by healthy and/or tumor tissues, thus leading to a better application of synchrotron radiation to the tumors to eliminate them.
WST 47.1 MM23

Sludge was granulated in a hydrogen-producing acidogenic reactor when operated at 26°C, pH 5.5 treating a sucrose-rich wastewater. The influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and sucrose concentration on hydrogen production by the acidogenic granular sludge was investigated at a constant loading rate of 25 g-sucrose/(l·day). Results show that the gas composition was not greatly influenced by HRT or sucrose concentration. The hydrogen accounted for 57% to 68% of the biogas at HRT ranging 4.6–28.6 h and sucrose concentration ranging 4,800–29,800 mg/l. However, the hydrogen yield was more dependent on HRT and sucrose concentration. It ranged from 0.19 to 0.27 l/g-sucrose with the maximum yield occurring at HRT 13.7 h and sucrose concentration 14,300 mg/l in the wastewater. The acidified effluent was composed of volatile fatty acids and alcohols. The predominant products were butyrate (59–68%) and acetate (10–25%), plus smaller amounts of i-butyrate, valerate, i-valerate, caproate, methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol. The sludge yield averaged 0.2 g-VSS/g-sucrose. The carbon balance was 98–107% throughout the study.
THE LINGUAL VOICE QUALITY SETTINGS OF STANDARD SINGAPORE ENGLISH AND SINGAPORE COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH

This paper investigates the voice quality settings of the tongue in the two registers of Singapore English, Standard Singapore English (SSE) and Singapore Colloquial English (SCE). Visualisation of the tongue was achieved through lingual ultrasound, and tongue imaging data was gathered from 7 (5 Singaporean, 2 non-Singaporean) female undergraduates during SSE and SCE speech. Tongue contours during interspeech postures (ISPs) from each register were statistically evaluated with Generalised Additive Mixed Modelling (GAMM). Additionally, raw ultrasound data was subjected to Principal Components Analysis (PCA), and randomisation was used to test for the effect of register on mean PC scores. Results indicate that SCE is characterised by a significantly lower tongue tip than in SSE. These findings may have important implications on the phonetic segments of each register and serve as a promising first step into voice quality research of Singapore English.
THE ROLE OF LOW HEADS IN THE CAUSATIVE INTERPRETATION IN BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE: SOME NOTES ON EVENT COMPOSITION, F-SEQ AND NANOSYNTAX

■ ABSTRACT: In this paper, we investigate the causativization process in Brazilian Portuguese in order to understand the constraints and generalizations that allow us to explain the apparently chaotic data in this language. We explore the hypothetico-deductive method and hypothesize that there are elements from the Aktionsarten domain that determine the verbal behavior in relation with a causative meaning. Consequently, we present a theoretical review of aspectual classes, employing the tools of a recent approach to the architecture of grammar named Nanosyntax (STARKE, 2009). Thereby, it will be possible to understand the finer-grained constraints that the classes of ‘states’ and ‘accomplishments’, for instance, impose for the causativization, taking into account ‘nano’ syntactic and semantic features, such as Initiation, Process, Result and Boundness. We conclude, therefore, that for a predicate to be interpreted as a causative one, the event denoted by it needs to be dynamic in its nature. In addition, we show that the functional sequence (F-seq), in the way it is proposed within the nanosyntactic model, allows us to explain the possible association of more than one syntactic node with the same verbal argument, as well as its underassociation and consequent identification with a null causative nucleus, as it happens to be the case in Brazilian Portuguese causativization.
2 ECENT DEVELOPMENT TO IMPROVE NAEFS SPP

Several weather forecast centers worldwide routinely produce skillful weather predictions using ensemble forecast system (Toth and Kalnay 1993, 1997; Wilks and Hamill, 2007). North American Ensemble Forecast System (NAEFS), officially launched in November 2004, is a successful example of applying multi-center, multi-model ensemble forecast system to estimate the uncertainty of weather forecasts and make high-quality probabilistic forecast. The NAEFS combines the two ensemble forecast systems (Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) of National Weather Service (NWS) and Canadian Meteorological Center Ensemble (CMCE) of Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC)), which produces a more reliable forecast than when either forecast system was used alone.
Économie et institutions, 26 | 2017

This article clarifies the evolutional theory of money as an institution presented by the American institutionalist J.R. Commons, from the perspective (dichotomy) of the political government (“sovereignty”) and the economic government (the alliance between the pay community and industry). This article identifies two interactive processes between the political and economic governments, and integrate them to present a constant evolution driven by mutual dependence, conflict, and the politics of these governments. Finally, it places Commons’ proposition of an “advisory committee,” a novel governance system of the debt market, as a boundary system in the gap between the governments.
The voicing of lenis plosives in Zurich German: a sociophonetic marker of (multi-) ethnolectal speech

: Since the turn of the millennium, the emergence of so-called (multi-)ethnolects has been observed in different cities of German-speaking Switzerland. This way of speaking differs significantly from traditional Swiss German dialects. However, a sociophonetic investigation of these varieties is lacking for the time being. The present study provides an acoustic analysis of plosive voicing in two groups of Zurich German speakers. Traditional Swiss German dialects are reported to show a contrast between two categories of homorganic plosives (fortis vs. lenis) which is based on closure duration, but not on voicing. We compared the proportion of voicing in lenis plosives of 20 speakers with a multicultural and of 10 speakers with a monocultural background. Our results support the view that multicultural speakers of Zurich German do indeed use voiced lenis plosives as a sociophonetic marker, whereas monocultural speakers adhere to the traditional fortis-lenis pattern. ABSTRACT This study investigated cross-linguistically the temporal organization of short vs. long vowels (V vs. V : ) with following lenis vs. fortis (C vs. C : ) stops in disyllabic trochees in the three major varieties of Standard German (Austrian, German, and Swiss). A total of 51 speakers of the three varieties participated in a production and perception experiment. Acoustic analyses revealed that Austrian speakers take up an intermediate position regarding a stop duration contrast which was clearly present in Swiss but ab-sent in German speakers. In perception, however, Austrians and Germans but not Swiss participants judged stimuli from a vowel/(vowel+closure) duration (VC-ratio) continuum more often as contain-ing V : C, i.e., intermediate VC-ratios were reinter-preted as long vowels by Austrians and Germans, but as fortis stops by Swiss participants. Findings suggest a sometimes less stable temporal organization in Austrians. Moreover, results imply a greater diversity in phonological structure between German varieties than previously assumed.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Vertebral Axial Decompression Therapy in Treatment of Patients with Chronic Lower Back Pain: A Systematic Review

The primary objective of the study was to explore the effectiveness of Vertebral Axial Decompression (VAX-D) in treating patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) as a safe and competent therapeutic method. Also, to determine the quality of life in alleviating chronic lumbar pain using mechanical Lumbar traction force applied to the lumbar spine. A systematic review and meta-analysis involving detailed literature survey on Vertebral Axial Decompression (VAX-D) therapy for patients with chronic low back pain were conducted in three databases namely MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library from (January 1994 to February 2019). Studies supporting the outcomes with qualitative statistical analysis on chronic low back pain and Lumbar traction were retrieved. We retrieved sixteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for systematic review, and 6 studies were found to be eligible for inclusion in meta-analysis with a sample size of 486 patients receiving Lumbar traction. Among them, one study was found to be high quality that detailed the positive relationship between reduction of pain intensity after VAX-D therapy. However, most of the studies are unsuccessful in demonstrating an improvement towards the patient's mobility or quality of life. There is no reliable indication of the efficacy of VAX-D therapy for chronic low back pain patients. Studies on VAX-D had methodological errors and inadequate data for profound statistical analysis. Further, there was no evidence to show the dosage requirement, patient position, and settings on the VAX-D table that led to observed outcomes. Any prospect of research focusing on LBP morbidity should enable to distinguish between symptom duration and pattern with accurate standard methods. Therefore, more studies validating the effective treatment strategies in the management of patients with chronic low back pain are warranted.
Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus: An overview

Amplification in agricultural practices to maximize the crop productivity had led to excessive exploitation of the technologies like application of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) in agricultural fields. But these are not in favor of the sustainability of soil health and also posing threats to the soil fertility. During the last couple of decades, an economically feasible and ecologically sound alternative strategy to minimize this problem has been developed. In this strategy soil microorganisms have been exploited in agriculture for improving the soil health and enhancing productivity. Among various microbial species used, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is very important. It has a long-standing history of bacterial-plant interrelationship as a symbiotic endophyte capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Its association with sugarcane represents a model system for monocot-diazotrophic associations. Therefore it is necessary to collect information related to their establishment, colonization process, biological nitrogen fixation, growth promotion, etc. In this review, the association of G. diazotrophicus with sugarcane and other crop plants and with various hosts is discussed. Then the plant-growthpromoting traits identified in this bacterium, including N 2 fixation, phytohormone synthesis, P and Zn solubilization and biocontrol, are analysed.
Protective Effects of Allopurinol on Diclofenac-Induced Toxicity in Domestic Chicken

Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug is becoming a threat to ecological balance by its swipe at vultures. The decline in population of vultures has been attributed to high mortality due to diclofenac toxicity, which occurred via ingestion of carcasses treated with diclofenac. The objective of this study was to establish the effect of probenecid and allopurinol in preventing gout with urates in diclofenac-induced toxicity in domestic chickens. Dominant brown pullets from Zartech hatchery in Benin City were selected for this study. Four groups of five layers each were used for the various tests. Findings from our study showed that signs of diclofenac toxicity were severe in all test groups except for the group treated with allopurinol where mortality was reduced and survivors were more than observed in the other groups. The gross pathological lesions at necropsy were mild when compared with lesions observed in the other test groups. One observation from this study among birds treated with diclofenac only was that there were survivors despite the fact that a lethal dose of 10mg/kg of the drug was administered to all the chickens used in this study. That there were survivors establishes the fact that diclofenac toxicity is not uniformly lethal once clinical signs develop. Among birds treated with probenecid, gross pathological lesions observed at necropsy were a lot more severe than other groups hence probenecid is not suitable for the avian species since it did not remedy nor prevent diclofenac toxicity, rather it made it worst.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Momordica Cymbalaria Fenzl. against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats

The ethanolic extract of roots of Momordica cymbalaria(Cucurbitaceae) was investigated for antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in male wistar rats. Momordica cymbalaria (250, 500 mg/kg, p.o/14days) or silymarin (100 mg/kg p.o./14days) were administered to the Carbon tetrachloride (1.25ml/kg, ip/14days) treated rats. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride and Hepatic glutathione (GSH) catalase (CAT) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) were estimated. Histopathology of the liver was also studied. The extract or silymarin produced a significant (P < 0.001) hepatoprotective effect by decreasing the activity of serum AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride hepatic lipid peroxidation and increasing the levels of antioxidants markers like hepatic glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and super oxide dismutase (SOD). Centrilobular necrosis accompanied by fatty changes and ballooning degeneration were observed in group treated with carbontetrachloride where as the extract treated group showed the normal parenchymal architecture with cords of hepatocytes, portal tracts and central veins without noticeable alterations. The ethanolic extract of roots of Momordica cymbalaria could protect the liver cells from carbon tetrachloride induced liver damages, by its antioxidative effect on hepatocytes.
ELT Students ’ Attitudes toward the Effectiveness of the Anti-Plagiarism Software

Students assessment is one of the essential components of education to evaluate the effectiveness of a program and decision makings. Antiplagiarism software packages are widely used in many universities and institutions to assess students` performance in their assignments and papers and to give them feedback. This study attempted to investigate students` background and familiarity regarding the concept and kinds of plagiarism, their reasons for plagiarizing, suggestions for avoiding it, and their attitudes toward effectiveness of the anti-plagiarism software Turnitin. Using survey and open-ended questions, followed up by interview, in this study we analyzed collected data from 42 university students in the department of English Language Teaching (ELT) in North Cyprus. This study triangulated data collection tools by using surveys and interviews, also the data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0. The results of survey revealed the students` familiarity with the concept and kinds of plagiarism and their reasons for plagiarizing, open-ended questions concerned with ways of avoiding plagiarism, their attitude toward effectiveness of the anti-plagiarism software, specifically Turnitin and their previous formal studies about plagiarism. In additions, the interview focused on confirmation of survey and open-ended questions as well as the extent of intentionality of plagiarizing and their extra suggestion.