Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Good Corporate Governance on Corporate Social Responsibility with Profitability, Size and Leverage as Moderating Variables (case study at Regional Development Banks in Indonesia)

— This research aim is to examine the effect of good corporate governance (GCG) on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) with profitability, size and leverage as moderating variables at District Development Banks (BPD) in Indonesia. The legitimacy theory, agency theory and stakeholder theory are employed as underpinning theories. The sample of this study is 15 of BPD which issued annual reports, GCG and CSR reports above the year 2011 to 2015. The independent variable is GCG, and CSR as the dependent variable. The CSR is scored by 78 disclosure items. The GCG is proxy by number of commissaries board; number of audit committee, quality of external auditor, and ownership of managements. For testing the effect of GCG on CSR with moderating variables, Moderated Regression Analysis is employed. The result indicates that GCG affects CSR. Size, Leverage and Profitability respectively is not able to moderate the relationship between GCG and CSR. Size, Leverage, and ROE aggregately influence CSR .
Characterization of monoclonal antibody PAM4 reactive with a pancreatic cancer mucin

A monoclonal antibody (MAb), PAM4, having reactivity with pancreatic carcinoma has been developed. PAM4 is an IgG, immunoglobulin produced by immunization of mice with mucin purified from the xenografted RIPI human pancreatic carcinoma. An immunohistochemical study of normal adult tissues showed the PAM4 reactive epitope to be restricted to the gastrointestinal tract and absent from normal pancreas. In neoplastic tissue, PAM4 was reactive with 85% of the pancreatic carcinomas, approximately half of the colon cancers and none of the breast, ovarian, prostate, renal and liver cancers. PAM4 was, in general, non‐reactive with pancreatitis specimens whereas CAI 9.9 and DUPAN2 were strongly reactive with each one. Treatment of the mucin antigen by heating, reduction of disulfide bonds, or protease digestion abolished immunoreactivity with PAM4. Treatment of the mucin by neuraminidase or period ate oxidation reduced immunoreactivity but did not completely abolish it. Our data are consistent with the proposal that the PAM4 epitope is a conformation ally dependent peptide epitope and that certain carbohydrate structures are necessary in order to maintain the correct peptide conformation. The high specificity and intense reactivity of PAM4 with pancreatic carcinoma tissue suggests that the antibody may prove useful for in vitro diagnostic assays as well as in vivo targeting of diagnostic and therapeutic agents. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of skull-base chondrosarcoma patients treated with pencil-beam scanning proton therapy at the Paul Scherrer Institute.

BACKGROUND Skull-base chondrosarcoma (ChSa) is a rare disease, and the prognostication of this disease entity is ill defined. METHODS We assessed the long-term local control (LC) results, overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors of skull-base ChSa patients treated with pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBS PT). Seventy-seven (male, 35; 46%) patients with histologically confirmed ChSa were treated at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Median age was 38.9 years (range, 10.2-70.0y). Median delivered dose was 70.0 GyRBE (range, 64.0-76.0 GyRBE). LC, OS, and toxicity-free survival (TFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan Meier method. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 69.2 months (range, 4.6-190.8 mo), 6 local (7.8%) failures were observed, 2 of which were late failures. Five (6.5%) patients died. The actuarial 8-year LC and OS were 89.7% and 93.5%, respectively. Tumor volume > 25 cm(3) (P = .02), brainstem/optic apparatus compression at the time of PT (P = .04) and age >30 years (P = .08) were associated with lower rates of LC. High-grade (≥3) radiation-induced toxicity was observed in 6 (7.8%) patients. The 8-year high-grade TFS was 90.8%. A higher rate of high-grade toxicity was observed for older patients (P = .073), those with larger tumor volume (P = .069), and those treated with 5 weekly fractions (P = .069). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest PT series reporting the outcome of patients with low-grade ChSa of the skull base treated with PBS only. Our data indicate that protons are both safe and effective. Tumor volume, brainstem/optic apparatus compression, and age were prognosticators of local failures.
The effect of mineral-based alkaline water on hydration status and the metabolic response to short-term anaerobic exercise

Previously it was demonstrated that mineralization and alkalization properties of mineral water are important factors influencing acid-base balance and hydration in athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of drinking different types of water on urine pH, specific urine gravity, and post-exercise lactate utilization in response to strenuous exercise. Thirty-six male soccer players were divided into three intervention groups, consuming around 4.0 l/day of different types of water for 7 days: HM (n=12; highly mineralized water), LM (n=12; low mineralized water), and CON (n=12; table water). The athletes performed an exercise protocol on two occasions (before and after intervention). The exercise protocol consisted of 5 bouts of intensive 60-s (120% VO2max) cycling separated by 60 s of passive rest. Body composition, urinalysis and lactate concentration were evaluated – before (t0), immediately after (t1), 5’ (t2), and 30’ (t3) after exercise. Total body water and its active transport (TBW – total body water / ICW – intracellular water / ECW – extracellular water) showed no significant differences in all groups, at both occasions. In the post-hydration state we found a significant decrease of specific urine gravity in HM (1021±4.2 vs 1015±3.8 g/L) and LM (1022±3.1 vs 1008±4.2 g/L). We also found a significant increase of pH and lactate utilization rate in LM. In conclusion, the athletes hydrated with alkaline, low mineralized water demonstrated favourable changes in hydration status in response to high-intensity interval exercise with a significant decrease of specific urine gravity, increased urine pH and more efficient utilization of lactate after supramaximal exercise.
Molecular Cloning of the Gene for a Conserved Major Immunoreactive 28-Kilodalton Protein of Ehrlichia canis: a Potential Serodiagnostic Antigen

ABSTRACT A gene encoding a 28-kDa protein of Ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed, and a comparative molecular analysis with homologous genes of E. canis, Cowdria ruminantium, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis was performed. The complete gene has an 834-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 278 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kDa. An N-terminal signal sequence was identified, suggesting that the protein undergoes posttranslational modification to a mature 27.7-kDa protein (P28). The E. canis p28 gene has significant nucleic acid and amino acid sequence homologies with the E. chaffeensisouter membrane protein-1 (omp-1) gene family, with theCowdria ruminantium map-1 gene, and with other E. canis 28-kDa-protein genes. Southern blotting revealed the presence of at least two additional homologous p28 gene copies in the E. canis genome, confirming thatp28 is a member of a polymorphic multiple-gene family. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that E. canis P28 has four variable regions, and it shares similar surface-exposed regions, antigenicity, and T-cell motifs with E. chaffeensis P28. The p28 genes from seven different E. canisisolates were identical, indicating that the gene for this major immunoreactive protein is highly conserved. In addition, reactivity of sera from clinical cases of canine ehrlichiosis with the recombinant P28 demonstrated that the recombinant protein may be a reliable serodiagnostic antigen.
Knowledge sharing and individual performance: The case of Vietnam

Article history: Received October 5, 2018 Accepted November 28 2018 Available online November 28 2018 Knowledge sharing plays an important role in management of universities. Vietnam universities are not highly regarded for their teaching quality and scientific research. It is therefore necessary to promote knowledge sharing through two central processes: knowledge donation and collection as well as individual performance of lecturers. Based on a sample size survey of 312 university lecturers in Vietnam and the methods of analyzing exploration factor (EFA), factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the hypotheses of the survey, the study determines that two individual factors; namely job satisfaction and other involvement significantly influenced knowledge donation process. One individual factor also positively influences knowledge collection process, knowledge self-efficacy, and lecturers’ willingness to donate knowledge to improve individual performance. Finally, several suggestions for enhancing the knowledge sharing and individual performance of lecturers for university managers are given. Growing Science, Canada ensee by the authors; lic 9 © 201
mTOR as a therapeutic target in patients with gastric cancer

The poor long‐term outcomes associated with current chemotherapy treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer suggest a need for novel targeted agents that may confer a better survival benefit. Evidence of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation has been demonstrated in patient‐derived gastric cancer cells and tumors. This review explores the relevance of the mTOR pathway to gastric cancer pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target in patients with gastric cancer as well as presenting the first available clinical data on mTOR inhibitors in this disease setting. Preclinical data suggest that suppression of the mTOR pathway inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and delayed tumor progression in in vitro and animal models. In the clinical setting, the mTOR inhibitor everolimus has been active and well tolerated in phase I/II studies of patients with chemotherapy‐refractory metastatic gastric cancer. Based on these promising results, everolimus currently is being investigated as a monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents in ongoing phase II/III clinical studies.
Effect of Stress Hormones on Splanchnic Substrate and Insulin Disposal After Glucose Ingestion in Healthy Humans

To compare cortisol and epinephrine action on oral glucose tolerance, healthy humanswere infused with either cortisol (0.1 mg · kg−1 · h−1), epinephrine (5.4 μg · kg−1 · h−1), or saline before and aftera 75-g glucoseload, thereby elevating the respective plasma hormone concentrations into the pathophysiologic range. In the basal state, epinephrine increased arterial concentrations of glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, and free fatty acids (FFA) as well as splanchnic output of glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate and splanchnic FFA more than cortisol. Postprandially, C-peptide release and hyperinsulinemia were blunted by epinephrine initially and increased less thereafter than during cortisol infusion. The rise in arterial glucose after glucose ingestion as calculated by the area under the curve was more marked (P < .01) after epinephrine [(1.90 ± 0.08 M)150 min] and cortisol [(1.41 ± 0.05 M)150 min] than in the control study [(1.07 ± 0.04 M)150 min]. In parallel, the stress hormones induced an almost identical 24 and 31% rise in mean splanchnic glucose output versus control values (normal, 44.8 ± 2.5; cortisol, 55.3 ± 3.3; epinephrine, 58.9 ± 6.9 g/150 min). The associated rise in arterial concentrations and splanchnic output of insulin above control values was considerably greater during cortisol but unchanged during epinephrine exposure. Epinephrine but not cortisol induced a rise versus the control study in splanchnic uptake of lactate and FFA, as well as in pyruvate output, whereas plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate remained unchanged. The postprandial splanchnic glucose output-to-splanchnic C-peptide output ratio did not differ from normal during epinephrine but was reduced (P < .01) during cortisol administration. Hepatic insulin uptake was proportionate to insulin production rate, whereas hepatic insulin clearance was unaffected by stress hormone action. We conclude that besides inhibiting adequate insulin release to hyperglycemia, acute epinephrine exposure induces peripheral insulin resistance and increased splanchnic glucose output and lactate uptake. Such insulin resistance seems to be unveiled by normal but inappropriately low postprandial insulin release during epinephrine-induced basal and postprandial hyperglycemia but is partly disguised by secondary hyperinsulinemia after cortisol infusion.
Five-factor model personality traits associated with alcohol-related diagnoses in a clinical sample.

OBJECTIVE Personality variables may have important implications for the description and treatment of individuals with alcohol problems. The purpose of this article was to examine the specificity of previously observed trait/alcohol relations and the temporal relations of trait elevations and alcohol problems. METHOD The relationships between Five-Factor Model personality traits, as measured by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, and past and current alcohol diagnoses were examined among 704 participants in the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study (CLPS). RESULTS Results suggest that the traits previously found to be associated with alcohol-related problems in nonclinical populations also differentiate patients with alcohol-use disorders from other patients in the CLPS sample and that these traits correspond to findings using other personality models. In particular, alcohol use is characterized by relatively high impulsiveness and excitement seeking and low agreeableness (particularly trust) and conscientiousness (particularly deliberation and dutifulness). Although these traits were more specific to alcohol misuse than to general impairment in functioning, they were equally related to alcohol and substance-use diagnoses. There were few if any traits that differentiated individuals with current use diagnoses from those with a history of alcohol problems. CONCLUSIONS Identified traits appear to represent stable predispositions to, or enduring effects of, substance use that are more specific than those that indicate general psychiatric impairment.
Decision-making in adolescent females who deliberately self-harm

Self-harming behaviour most commonly begins in adolescence and is more frequent among adolescent females. We explored the hypothesis that adolescent females who deliberately selfharm were more likely to perform worse on a decision-making task. Previous research in adolescents who self-harm reported impaired decision-making. However, research put little emphasis on older adolescents and the emotional learning. In our research, we presented the Iowa Gambling Task to 35 adolescent females who self-harmed and were treated at a psychiatric clinic, and to 35 healthy female controls. Our results show that in comparison to the control group the adolescents who self-harm took more risky decisions and were less concerned about the outcome. In addition, the clinical group also focused more on immediate gains and showed a reduced ability to learn from poor decisions in the past. Further research is suggested to explore the potential neurological correlates of decision-making and selfharming behaviour.
Episodic and semantic memory impairments in (very) early Alzheimer’s disease: The diagnostic accuracy of paired-associate learning formats

Abstract Paired-associate learning (PAL) paradigms measure memory processes sensitive to the medial temporal lobe, which shows atrophy in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). PAL tests have not yet been standard clinical procedure, neither are semantic memory tests. In early AD, impairments are more subtle. A literature review indicates that standard neuropsychological tests may not measure these impairments accurately. Therefore, I constructed new episodic and semantic memory tests. I investigated the diagnostic accuracy of these tests in 37 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI; of whom 21 had converted to AD at 1.3-year-follow-up), 43 early AD patients, and 80 non-demented controls. Main questions: (1) which tests best differentiate aMCI and AD from normal aging: most sensitively, most specifically? ; (2) do PAL paradigms and/or semantic memory tests (fluency; naming) contribute to this differentiation? A free recall (non-PAL) test of unrelated words was most sensitive to aMCI and AD (91%), whereas a PAL-recognition-test (of semantically related word pairs of moderate association strength, including strongly related foils) was most specific (96%). Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that differentiation was improved by a subordinate semantic fluency test. I conclude that a combination of episodic and semantic memory components best predicts AD. Future research should focus on comparing semantic and visuospatial PAL tests.
CA1 pyramidal to basket and bistratified cell EPSPs: dual intracellular recordings in rat hippocampal slices

1 Dual intracellular recordings in the CA1 region of adult rat hippocampal slices and biocytin filling of synaptically connected cells were used to study the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) elicited in basket (n= 7) and bistratified interneurones (n= 7) by action potentials activated in simultaneously recorded pyramidal cells. 2 Interneurones could be subdivided according to their electrophysiological properties into classical fast spiking, burst firing, regular spiking and fast spiking cells with a rounded spike after‐hyperpolarization. These physiological classes did not, however, correlate with morphological type. EPSPs were not recorded in regular spiking cells. 3 Average EPSP amplitudes were larger in bistratified cells (range, 0.5–9 mV) than in basket cells (range, 0.15–3.6 mV) and the probability of obtaining a pyramidal cell‐interneurone EPSP was also higher for the bistratified cells (1:7) than for the basket cells (1:22). EPSP 10–90% rise times in bistratified cells (0.7–2 ms) and their widths at half‐amplitude (3.9–11.2 ms) were slightly longer than in basket cells (rise times, 0.4–1.6 ms; half‐widths, 2.2–9.7 ms). 4 The majority of these EPSPs (6 of 8 tested) increased in amplitude and duration with postsynaptic depolarization, although in two (of 4) basket cells the voltage relation was conventional. 5 All EPSPs tested in both basket (n= 7) and bistratified cells (n= 5) decreased in amplitude with repetitive presynaptic firing. The average amplitudes of second EPSPs elicited within 15 ms of the first were between 34 and 94% of the average amplitude of the first EPSP. Third and fourth EPSPs in brief trains were further depressed. This depression was associated with an increase in the incidence of apparent failures of transmission indicating a presynaptic locus.
Think HIV: why physicians should lower their threshold for HIV testing.

More than 1 million people in the United States are estimated to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a national prevalence of 0.3%. 1 About half of those infected are men who have sex with men and a quarter are injection drug users. The incidence of HIV infection appears to have leveled off among men who have sex with men but continues to rise in injection drug users, women, and persons who have acquired HIV infection through heterosexual contact. 2
Two-Photon Fluorescence Excitation Cross Sections of Biomolecular Probes from 690 to 960 nm.

We report on two-photon fluorescence excitation (TPE) action cross sections for five widely used molecular fluorophores. Measurements were performed by use of ultrashort (~100-fs) Ti:sapphire pulsed excitation over the range 690-960 nm. TPE spectra were obtained by comparison with a fluorescein calibration standard. Large cross sections were found for the cyanine reagent Cy 3 (~140 GM) and for Rhodamine 6G (~150 GM), both at 700 nm [1 GM = 10(-50) (cm(4) s)/photon]. Several fluorophores show interesting and desirable blue shifts with respect to twice the one-photon absorption wavelength. Fluorophore fluorescence intensities showed no significant departure (? 4%) from quadratic illumination power dependence, indicating genuine two-photon processes. Implications of these measurements for two-photon laser-scanning microscopy are discussed.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes and Comorbid Disruptive Behaviour Disorders in a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic

Objective: To assess demographic characteristics and patterns of comorbid disruptive behaviour disorders (oppositional defiant disorder [ODD] or conduct disorder [CD]) in subtypes of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: One hundred youths consecutively referred to a community child and adolescent mental health clinic and subsequently diagnosed with ADHD by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria were evaluated. The diagnosis was made by a child psychiatrist and was based on information from physicians, parents, teachers, and diagnostic interviews with the youths and their parents. Results: The major findings were: 1) ADHD combined (C) type was diagnosed in 78% of the subjects, while 15% had inattentive (I) type and 7% had hyperactive—impulsive (HI) type; and 2) patterns of comorbid disruptive behavioural disorders significantly differed among subtypes. Specifically, subjects with the I type showed lower rates of comorbid ODD than those with the C type (33% and 85%; P < 0.001) and HI type (33% and 100%; P = 0.005); subjects with the HI type displayed a higher prevalence of CD than those with the I type (57% and 0%; P = 0.005) and C type (57% and 8%; P = 0.003). These results should be considered tentative because the reliability of the diagnostic procedures was not formally assessed and the number of subjects in the I and HI groups was small. Conclusion: ADHD subtypes showed significant differences in the distribution of comorbid disruptive behaviour disorders. These results support the utility of ADHD subtypes but should be replicated with a larger sample of I and HI type subjects using more rigorous diagnostic methods.
Utilization of Digital Literacy in Retirement Planning Among Ghanaian Formal and Informal Sector Workers

Este artigo investiga, através de um conjunto de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, a dependência dos trabalhadores dos sectores formal e informal das fontes de conhecimento digital e não digital e a sua utilidade nos processos de planeamento da reforma. Os resultados mostram que os trabalhadores utilizam o hibridismo de artefactos de aprendizagem digital e não digital na obtenção de informações para o planeamento da reforma. Os utilizadores de conhecimento não digital podem ser designados como socialmente excluídos da utilização do espaço digital. Estes são perspetivados através do enfoque nas utilizações, no funcionamento, na capacidade e na agência. A literacia digital facilita o acesso às informações necessárias para o planeamento da reforma através de media sofisticados e outros conhecimentos e competências associadas, enquanto o planeamento da reforma oferece oportunidades para a obtenção de informações necessárias para a inclusão social. O teste V de Cramer de 0,705 indica uma associação forte entre as fontes de informação do planeamento da reforma e a utilidade. Comparativamente, os trabalhadores do sector formal estão mais expostos a, e/ou são usuários de artefactos e literacia digital devido à natureza do seu trabalho e assim são mais digitalmente instruídos o que tem implicações em termos de desigualdade. Isto pode ter consequências no aumento das disparidades na preparação da reforma. A intensificação do planeamento da reforma pode ser auxiliada no futuro através de um maior conhecimento digital, resgatando assim grupos sociais relativamente invisíveis, nomeadamente os trabalhados do sector informal na era digital.