Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus Mobility and Speciation Under Dynamic Redox Conditions in Shallow Eutrophic Freshwater Systems

Internal loading of phosphorus (P) from lake sediments can delay the recovery of lakes from eutrophication for years to decades following decreases in external nutrient inputs. While internal P loading is a pervasive problem in freshwater systems, molecular speciation of P in benthic sediments of these systems remains poorly characterized. As different P species will exhibit different responses to changing sediment-water interface (SWI) geochemistry, quantifying P speciation in sediments is a critical step in understanding P dynamics in sediment-water systems. Here, various synchrotron-based techniques were employed to directly probe the bonding environments of P and iron (Fe) in natural and experimentally manipulated lake sediments in order to link chemical speciation to chemical behavior and to identify the geochemical drivers that mediate this linkage. We manipulated SWI redox conditions in mesocosm experiments to investigate the impacts of prolonged anoxia and redox oscillations on P mobility and speciation in sediments. Mesocosm experiments demonstrate that oscillating redox conditions near the SWI may drive accelerated P release from sediments relative to uninterrupted reducing conditions. Sediment P is found to be predominantly associated with Fe oxyhydroxides, calcium carbonate, and apatite minerals in three shallow hyper/eutrophic lakes in northern Vermont. In Missisquoi Bay and Lake Carmi, Fe redox cycling controls P mobility via precipitation and dissolution of Fe oxyhydroxides. In the hypereutrophic Shelburne Pond, the presence of Fe sulfides precludes redox-driven P cycling and P mobility is instead dominated by organic matter mineralization. Our results demonstrate that internal P loading can manifest differently in similar shallow lake systems due to differences in lake configuration, sediment P and Fe speciation, and organic content of sediments. This work demonstrates the potential utility, as well as the limitations, of P Kedge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy in determining sediment P speciation in freshwater lakes.
ANÁLISES MELISSOPALINOLÓGICAS, FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS, ATIVIDADE ANTIRRADICALAR E PERFIL QUÍMICO POR UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS DOS MÉIS DE Frieseomelitta doederleini (ABELHA BRANCA): COMPARAÇÃO COM OS FENÓLICOS PRESENTES NAS FLORES DE Mimosa tenuiflora (JUREMA PRETA)

Rogelio M. Santistebana, Sonia P. Cabreraa, José F. Netob, Eva M. S. Silvab, Rebert C. Correiac, Rodolfo F. Alvesd, Francisco de A. R. dos Santosd, Celso A. Camaraa e Tania M. S. Silvaa,*, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife – PE, Brasil Colegiado de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 56300-990 Petrolina – PE, Brasil Embrapa Semiárido, 56302-970 Petrolina – PE, Brasil Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana – BA, Brasil
The ecotoxicity and tribological properties of choline monocarboxylate ionic liquid lubricants

In this work, a series choline monocarboxylate ionic liquids ([Ch][MA] ILs) were synthesized. The physicochemical properties and lubricating efficiency of the ILs on copper and aluminum discs were systematically investigated. At the same time, their ecotoxicity was explored on aquatic organisms. In comparison with 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (L‐B104), which is a kind of traditional IL, [Ch][MA] ILs exhibited excellent lubricating properties and low toxicities, thus can be considered as environmentally friendly lubricants in tribology.
An exploration of factors affecting voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) amongst employees in the private sector : a company case study.

1 GLOSSARY OF TERMS 2 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study 3 1.2 Definition of Key Concepts 6 1.2. 1 HIV/AIDS 6 1.2. 2 Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) 6 1.2. 3 Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) 7 1.3 Benefits of Voluntary Counseling and Testing . 7 1.4 Justification for the study 8 1.5 Key Aspects of the HIV/AIDS Policy in Workplace Settings 9 1.6 Summary of the introduction 11 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.
Soluble and insoluble-bound phenolics and antioxidant activity of various industrial plant wastes

ABSTRACT The potential of selected industrial food wastes from juice and nut production including apple peel, apple pomace, pomegranate peel, pomegranate seed, chestnut shell, and black carrot pomace as resources for natural antioxidants was investigated. Soluble free and insoluble-bound phenolics were extracted from the wastes and analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid contents, phenolic profile and antioxidant activity. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of wastes were positively correlated with their antioxidant activity. The highest total phenolic and antioxidant activity were determined in soluble fraction of pomegranate peel due to a significant amount of punicalagin derivatives. Pomegranate peel and seed had the most phenolics and flavonoids in soluble form while other wastes had more than 45% of total phenolics in insoluble-bound form. Chestnut shell showed more antioxidant activity in insoluble-bound fraction compared to that of its soluble fraction. These findings showed that not only soluble but also an insoluble-bound fraction of the industrial wastes has good potential for valorization as a source of natural antioxidants.
Heavy Metal Concentration and Mutagenic
Assessment of Pond Water Samples:
a Case Study from India

The presence of heavy metals in an aquatic ecosystem can be directly linked to the incidences of mutagenicity in aquatic organisms. Thus, we appraised the presence of heavy metals in pond water samples and assessed their mutagenic potential. The water samples were collected for a period of two years for eight different seasons. Concentrations of heavy metals were analysed using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) and compared with the BIS and WHO standards for drinking water. Overall, the highest metal concentrations were detected during the winter season (Cu 564.55±9.057 μg/L; Ni 225.45±91.81 μg/L; Zn 860±48.41 μg/L; Cr 857.91±57.81 μg/L) followed by summer (As 18.36±4.23 μg/L; Pb 130.93±49.73 μg/L; Cd 8.21±1.81 μg/L) and monsoon season (Co 631.96±77.09 μg/L; Se 2315.45±67.18 μg/L). The lowest metal concentrations were observed during the post-monsoon season. HPI index revealed that six sampling sites out of 11 were above the critical index of 100. In mutagenicity assays we observed that samples with a higher concentration of heavy metals exhibited higher mutagenic potential. The maximum mutagenic potential was observed during the winter and summer seasons. This study can be very helpful to policy and decision makers for water resource management and conservation strategy.
Studies on Biological Activity of Aqueous Extract of Alternanthera sessilis (Linn) for Developing Potential Herbal Drug Formulation of Ocular Diseases

Eye infection is caused by exposures to bacterial, fungal, viral and other microbial agents. Bacterial conjunctivitis is a common type of pink eye, caused by bacteria that infect the eye through various sources of contamination. The eye has several natural mechanisms to defend itself against infection or trauma. Medicinal plants frequently used as raw materials for extraction of active ingredients which is used in the synthesis of different drugs. Alternanthera sessilis (Linn) samples were collected from Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu, India. 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of stem extract showed better action than leaf extract. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) radical scavenging activity of leaf extract showed better action than stem extract. Antibacterial activity was screened for ocular disease-causing pathogens. The maximum zone of inhibition is found in Bacillus subtilis and lowest inhibition in Streptococcus mutans in leaf and stem extracts. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of leaf and stem extracts of Alternanthera sessilis (Linn) showed different concentrations with varying ocular pathogens. The Rabbit corneal cell line (SIRC) shows that there is no toxicity occurring in Normal cell line which clearly indicates that the MTT assay on Ocular cell line will inhibit the cytotoxic nature of the pathogen causing ocular diseases. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC - MS) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis showed the presence of various compounds and functional group in the leaf and stem aqueous extract of Alternanthera sessilis (Linn).
Study on commercial membranes and sweeping gas membrane distillation for concentrating of glucose syrup

In this work, sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) process was used for concentrating of glucose syrup. The main questions in this work include: is SGMD process practical for concentrating of glucose solution prior the fermentation step in bioethanol process? and are the commercially available hydrophobic membranes sufficient enough to develop the SGMD process in pilot scale for this issue? To answer these questions, SGMD process was performed using three commercial membranes made of PP, PVDF and PTFE. All membranes characterized using scanning electron and atomic force microscopes for their morphological and topographical features. Important operating parameters including feed temperature (45-65O C), feed flow rate (400-800 mL/min), feed concentration (10-50 g/L), and gas flow rate (0.113-0.453 N.m3 /h) were studied for their effects on the permeate flux and the optimized parameters were then reported. Moreover, the influence of three flow arrangements of SGMD module (co-current, counter-current and cross-current) on the permeate flux was studied. The best performance (the highest permeate flux and rejection) was achieved when the PTFE membrane (0.22 µm) was used under the optimum operating conditions (feed temperature: 65o C; feed flow rate: 600 mL/min; gas flow rate: 0.453 N.m3 /h; feed flow channel depth: 2 mm; and the cross-current flow arrangement). Results indicated that SGMD process is a promising option for concentrating of the sugar syrup prior the fermentation step in the bioethanol production process.
Food Waste: Home Consumption, Material Culture and Everyday Life

Acknowledgments Prologue: The Social Life (and Death) of Food 1. Bringing Waste to the Table 2. Ordinary Domestic Practice: Conceptualizing, Researching, Representing 3. Contextualising Household Food Consumption 4. Anxiety, Routine and Over-provisioning 5. The Gap in Disposal: From Surplus to Excess? 6. Bins and Things 7. Gifting, Re-use and Salvage Conclusion: Living with Food, Reducing Waste Notes Bibliography Index
Model Struktural dalam Menilai Antar-Hubungan antara Faktor Internal dan Faktor Eksternal terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Makassar

DOWNLOAD PDF Masalah utama yang diperhatikan dalam penelitian ini, adalah bagaimana antar-hubungan faktor internal (konsep diri matematika dan minat belajar matematika) dan faktor eksternal (pola asuh orang tua dan fasilitas belajar) terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di kota Makassar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di kota Makassar. Data dikumpulkan melalui 348 sampel yang terpilih dengan teknik sampling rambang berstrata (Stratified random sampling), dengan menggunakan skala penilaian pola asuh demokratis, fasilitas belajar, konsep diri matematika, dan minat belajar matematika serta tes prestasi belajar matematika yang terstruktur sebagai instrumen penelitian. Prosedur analisis data dimulai dengan uji validasi dan reliabilitas instrumen melalui analisis faktor konfirmatori, diikuti dengan verifikasi model untuk memperoleh model struktural tahap final. Terakhir, analisis mediasi variabel intervening dilakukan terhadap model struktural tahap final.Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran bahwa konsep diri matematika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Makassar berada pada kategori sedang dengan rata-rata 26,17 sedangkan minat belajar matematika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Makassar berada pada kategori tinggi dengan rata-rata 47,34. Kemudian pola asuh demokratis siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Makassar berada pada kategori baik dengan rata-rata 53,58 sedangkan fasilitas belajar siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Makassar berada pada kategori sangat lengkap. Prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Makassar berada pada kategori kurang dengan rata-rata 3,98. Hasil penelitian juga memberikan dukungan terhadap usulan model aplikatif yang menggambarkan antar-hubungan faktor internal dan eksternal dalam menjelaskan prestasi belajar matematika siswa. Kata kunci: Minat belajar, konsep diri, prestasi belajar matematika
Enhancement of Ohmic heating by Hall current in magnetized capacitively coupled discharges

In low-pressure capacitively coupled discharges, a heating mode transition from a pressure-heating dominated state to an Ohmic-heating dominated state is known by applying a small transverse magnetic field. Here we demonstrate via particle-in-cell simulations and a moment analysis of the Boltzmann equation that the enhancement of Ohmic heating is induced by the Hall current in the E × B direction. As the magnetic field increases, the Ohmic heating in the E × B direction dominates the total electron power absorption. The Ohmic heating induced by the Hall current can be well approximated from the Ohmic heating of unmagnetized capacitively coupled discharges.
Handbook of cerebrovascular diseases

Fibrinogen and stroke, Ravi Shanker and Mark Fisher asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - evaluation and treatment, Harold P. Adams Jr. et al clinical diagnosis and prognosis of transient ischemic attacks, Peter J. Koudstaal ischemic stroke syndromes - clinical features, anatomy, vascular territories, Julien Bogousslavsky and Marc Hommel diagnostic evaluation of patients with cerebral ischemic events, Camilo R. Gomez the interactions between cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, Guiseppe Di Pasquale et al neurological complications in patients with cardiovascular procedures, Cathy A. Sila and Anthony J. Furlan haematological abnormalities in stroke, Bruce M. Coull and Scott H. Goodnight the relationship of stroke and migraine, Steven R. Levine and Nabih M. Ramadan stroke in children, adolescents and young adults, Louis R. Caplan and Conrad Estol diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disorders in pregnancy, Kathleen B. Digre and Michael W. Varner differential diagnosis on intracerebral haemorrhage, Carlos S. Kase surgical management options to prevent ischemic stroke, Christopher M. Loftus medical management options to prevent ischemic stroke, Harold P. Adams Jr urgent evaluation and management of stroke, Thomas Brott antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke, John R. Marler new treatments for acute ischemic stroke, Livia Candelise the medical management of intracerebral haemorrhage, Marinus Vermeulen surgical management of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage, Mark J. Kotapka and Eugene S. Flamm medical management of subarachnoid haemorrhage, Jan van Gijn and Eelco F.M. Wijdicks surgical management of ruptured aneurysms, Mark E. Shaffrey et al options for management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, E. Clarke Haley, Jr. management of patients with unruptured intracranial anuerysms, David O. Wiebers diagnosis and management of cerebral vasculitis, Jose Biller and Louise H. Sparks interventional neuroradiology, Tony Ryals the diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis, David Lee Gordon the role of neuropyschology in the diagnosis and management of cerebrovascular disease, Daniel Tranel the psychiatric consequence of strokes, including post-stroke depression, Philip L.P. Morris and Robert G. Robinson management of the complications of stroke, Jesse Weinberger rehabilitation after stroke, Derick T. Wade.
Wine consumption in China: profiling the 21st century Chinese wine consumer

This article determines the factors that influence Chinese wine consumption and, thus, contribute to define an average Chinese wine consumer profile for the years 2000 to 2014. The article proposes a model that explains the variations in the consumption of wine in China, because of traditional factors of the theory of demand (price of wine, income, and price of a substitute good), and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, level of education, geographical area, and tourism activities). The article reveals that an increased income, a married marital status, living in an urban area, and tourism activities, significantly and positively contributed to the increase of wine consumption in China. In addition, the article demonstrates that wine is not a substitute of beer in China, and that it is hard to associate an increase of wine consumption with the gender and the educational level of the average Chinese. In contrast, age negatively and significantly influenced the wine consumption in China, meaning that wine consumers are becoming younger.
Quality attributes and related enzyme activities in peppers during storage: effect of hydrothermal and calcium chloride treatment

ABSTRACT The effects of hydrothermal (HT)-calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatment on water loss, chlorophylls, L-ascorbic acid, total phenol, antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catalase (CAT), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of peppers were assessed for 32 days of storage at 8°C. The results showed two water populations corresponding to strongly immobilized water and weakly bound water were observed in all the peppers. Comparing with other treatments, HT-CaCl2 treatment restricted water mobility and maintained higher immobilized water content during storage. HT-CaCl2 treated peppers showed lower MDA content whereas presented higher chlorophylls, L-ascorbic acid, total phenol content, and stronger antioxidant capacities than those subjected to other treatments. These characteristics indicated HT-CaCl2 treatment improved storage quality of postharvest peppers. In addition, HT-CaCl2 treatment retained lower POD, PPO, and PAL activities and higher CAT activity in the peppers during storage than other treatments, respectively. Based on above results, the combination of HT and CaCl2 treatment showed positive and continuous effects on the quality attributes and related enzyme activities of peppers during storage.
Effect of Drying Methods and Extraction Solvents on Phenolic Antioxidants and Antioxidant Activity of Scurrula ferruginea(Jack) Danser (Loranthaceae) Leaf Extracts

Scurrula ferruginea is a type of mistletoe from the Loranthaceae family found in Southeast Asia and distributed in tropical regions, is known to have healing effects for many disorders. Preservation of the bioactive metabolites is dependent on the sample preparation and drying methods as well as extraction solvents used. Thus, the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of different drying methods and extraction solvents on the total phenolic and the antioxidant activities of S. ferruginea leaves. The leaves of S. ferruginea were air and oven (60°C) dried and extracted with aqueous, organic and aqueous-organic solvents. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were used to gauge the phenolic antioxidants extracted, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the scavenging effect on 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and via the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The optimum conditions obtained were oven drying, 80% acetone with values of 3.47 mg/10 g DW (extract yield), 171.29 mg GAE/1 g DW (TPC), 31.91 mg QE/1 g DW (TFC), 93.2% (DPPH), 26.41 mg TE/1 g DW (FRAP) and 7.41 μg/mL (IC50). The present findings suggested that sample preparation variability using different drying methods and solvents for extraction play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of extraction and efficacy of the antioxidant compounds in S. ferruginea leaf extracts.
Impact of Propolis Extract as Foliar Spray On Growth, Yield and Some Chemical Composition of Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) Plants Grown Under Calcareous Saline Soil

This experiment was suggested to study the beneficial effects of foliar application with propolis extract at the rates 0, 6000, 7000, 8000 and 9000 mg/L solution used as foliar application to spinach seedlings on growth, yield and some chemical constituents of spinach plants (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under calcareous saline soil conditions. All experiments were achieved during the two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017. Results showed that increasing the rates of propolis extract as foliar application increased the growth parameters of the treated plants. The best result was obtained by the rate (8000 mg/L) as a foliar application in both seasons of the study. The same trend was also observed regarding all studied chemical constituents, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids concentration, anthocyanine, total carbohydrates, total and reducing sugars, total free amino acid, free proline, crude protein, total indoles, total phenols, N, P and K in leaves. Thus, the coincident application of propolis extract at (8000 mg/L) as foliar application ingredient is recommended for improving growth, yield and chemical composition of spinach plants and for overcoming the adverse effect of saline conditions.
Original articles ) : The effects of Sa-Mul-Tang ( Si-Wu-Tang ) , a Traditional Chinese Medicine , on Phenylhydrazine - induced Anemic Rats )

Sa-Mul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT), a kind of Chinese medicine, has been used for the hemato-deficient disease for hundreds of years. In this work, investigations on the anti-anemic activity of an aqueous extract of SMT were undertaken in order to find the pharmacological basis for the ethnomedical use of the formulation. Three kinds of Angelicae species, such as Angelica sinensis, Angelica acutiloba, and Angelica gigas, were used for preparing the water extracts of SMT. Anemic model rats were induced by the treatment of phenylhydrazine (40 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 4 days. After the treatment of phenylhydrazine, rats were divided into several groups for their different treatment of three kinds of SMT. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hg), and hematocrit (Hct) were determined on the day 0, 3, 6, 10, 14 after the treatment of SMTs and erythrocytes deformabilities were also determined at the end of experiments. Oral administration of SMT (1 g/kg/day) for 14 days did not ameliorate drug-induced anemic states evaluated by RBC counts, Hg contents, and Hct values. However, the erythrocyte deformabilities were improved in phenylhydrazine-treated group by the administration of SMTs (p<0.05). Especially, these effects were high in the Angelica acutiloba group. These results suggest that SMTs have an ameliorative effect on blood rheology related to the blood stasis syndrome in oriental diagnostics not on the blood deficient states related to the anemic syndrome.