Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile Device-based Cargo Gridlocks Management Framework for Urban Areas in Nigeria

A number of recommendations for the adoption of ICTs in tackling traffic congestion problems in developing countries have been made in studies. Such studies have rather focused on assessing and evaluating the causes and effects of gridlocks than proffering solutions. The absence of implementable ICT models that can be effectively deployed to salvage the gridlocks, especially those generated by cargo transporters has added to the movement difficulty in these countries. This paper formulates a mobile device-based model supported by web technologies, called MobileCGM that can help avoid incidences of gridlocks emanating from Tin Can Island and Apapa sea ports in Lagos, Nigeria. This novel approach will allow timely pick-ups and deliveries of freights in the area by utilizing the deep penetration of GSM and mobile network services in Nigeria to solve the local problem. The model design and specification of the framework was achieved using the Unified Modelling Language (UML). The implementation of this model will render it needless for trucks and transporters to hang around the vicinity of where their cargos will be dropped off or picked up or cluster on the roads, as both cargo owners and transporters will know in advance when to pick up or deliver their cargo and get there just in time.
Obtaining informed consent from study participants and results of field studies. Methodological problems caused by the literal treatment of codes of ethics

The article discusses the issue of the necessity of obtaining informed consent from an individual who is to be a participant in an experiment. Codes of ethics concerning the behaviour of a psychologist fundamentally do not permit conducting experiments without informing their participants in advance that they will be conducted. Meanwhile, the act of obtaining prior consent (and thus of informing the study participant that they will be taking part in an experiment) can have a significant impact on results. The article describes an experiment in the field of social influence psychology during which one group was asked for their informed consent to participate in a study, while the second was simply presented with the main request (to sign a letter to the mayor about reducing the number of parking spaces for the disabled). The results demonstrate the strong influence of awareness that a study is being conducted on the decisions taken in the course of the experiment.
Conservation agriculture in Senegal: comparing the effects of intercropping and mulching on millet yields

Situated on the western edge of Africa’s harsh Sahel region, Senegal faces a number of agricultural production constraints. Limited rainfall, poor soil fertility, and insufficient agronomic inputs all contribute to low yielding millet production systems. This study was initiated to assess the potential for intercropping either cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ) or mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) into traditional pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ) cropping systems. During the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons two varieties of cowpea (upright and viney), and one variety of mungbean (upright) were grown in monoculture and subsequently intercropped with millet to evaluate the potential for increasing millet and overall yields. Millet was also planted with a mulch (2 t/ha of neem leaves) to test the effectiveness of increased ground cover on millet yields. In addition to yield data, soil moisture and plant NDVI data were also collected. Millet grain yields increased when intercropped with either cowpea or mungbean compared to millet that was grown alone, with grain yield increases of up to 55%. Additionally, the combined grain yields (millet + bean) were up to 67% higher than the traditional monoculture millet. The addition of mulch was the most effective treatment and increased millet grain yields up to 70%. Soil moisture increased up to 14% in mulched treatments over millet monoculture treatments. All yield increases were achieved without the addition of fertilizers or nutrient amendments. In an attempt to mimic local practices our experiment was rainfed and no soil amendments were introduced.
Individualised responses to vigilance demands and their management

This research uses a task disengagement framework to examine how CCTV surveillance operators and novices respond to the vigilance demands of the detection process. Vigilance tasks are acknowledged as being high in mental workload, yet little is known about how operators deal with these demands in jobs where successful performance is reliant upon sustaining attention on a daily basis. Much vigilance research makes an implicit assumption that people perform tasks that require sustained attention in a passive manner. By contrast, this study examines how operators manage their levels of task engagement and attention resources. The sample consisted of 73 participants (42 CCTV operators and 31 novices) who performed a 90-minute CCTV video surveillance task. Individualised responses to vigilance demands were identified. Alternating fluctuations in task engagement were found for the majority of participants, indicating efforts to manage attention resources and cope with vigilance demands. Differences in subjective responses to the vigilance task were identified. Implications for the management of vigilance performance are discussed.
Mineral requirements for growth of wool and hair lambs

The present study was conducted to determine the body composition and the mineral requirements for growth of wool and hair lambs. A total of 34 castrated lambs with an initial body weight (BW) of 19.9±0.8 kg were used; 17 of these lambs were of the genotype Ideal × Ile de France and 17 were Santa Ines. Ten lambs (5 of each genotype) were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment to establish their initial body composition. The remaining lambs were assigned to one of three diets (40% roughage and 60% concentrate, 60% roughage and 40% concentrate, or 80% roughage and 20% concentrate) in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. All of the diets were provided ad libitum. When the group under 40% roughage and 60% concentrate reached 35 kg BW, all of the animals were slaughtered. Linear regressions were used to determine the relationship between the shrunk BW and the empty body weight (EBW) for each genotype. These equations were compared and revealed differences between the genotypes. The allometric equations were calculated using the relationship between the amount of minerals and the EBW. The equations of a given mineral for each genotype were compared to verify if they were statistically different. The equations for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sodium differed between genotypes. The same equations were used to estimate the major body mineral composition per kilogram of EBW. The net requirement for gain of the fleece-free Ideal × Ile de France lambs ranged from 7.77 to 6.80 g Ca, 4.54 to 4.14 g P, 0.30 to 0.27 g Mg, 1.18 to 1.07 g K and 0.84 to 0.76 g Na per kg BW gain, and the requirements of the Santa Ines animals ranged from 9.57 to 8.37 g Ca, 5.39 to 4.91 g P, 0.36 to 0.33 g Mg, 1.18 to 1.07 g K and 0.90 to 0.81 g Na per kg BW gain for the lambs weighting 20 to 35 kg. Santa Ines lambs showed higher requirements for Ca, P, Mg and Na.
Extremely red quasars in BOSS

Red quasars are candidate young objects in an early transition stage of massive galaxy evolution. Our team recently discovered a population of extremely red quasars (ERQs) in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) that has a suite of peculiar emission-line properties including large rest equivalent widths (REWs), unusual ‘wingless’ line profiles, large N v/Lyα, N v/C iv, Si iv/C iv and other flux ratios, and very broad and blueshifted [O iii] λ5007. Here we present a new catalogue of C iv and N v emission-line data for 216 188 BOSS quasars to characterize the ERQ line properties further. We show that they depend sharply on UV-to-mid-IR colour, secondarily on REW(C iv), and not at all on luminosity or the Baldwin Effect. We identify a ‘core’ sample of 97 ERQs with nearly uniform peculiar properties selected via i–W3 ≥ 4.6 (AB) and REW(C iv) ≥ 100 A at redshifts 2.0–3.4. A broader search finds 235 more red quasars with similar unusual characteristics. The core ERQs have median luminosity 〈log L(ergs s−1)〉 ∼ 47.1, sky density 0.010 deg−2, surprisingly flat/blue UV spectra given their red UV-to-mid-IR colours, and common outflow signatures including BALs or BAL-like features and large C iv emission-line blueshifts. Their SEDs and line properties are inconsistent with normal quasars behind a dust reddening screen. We argue that the core ERQs are a unique obscured quasar population with extreme physical conditions related to powerful outflows across the line-forming regions. Patchy obscuration by small dusty clouds could produce the observed UV extinctions without substantial UV reddening.
A STUDY OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN RELATION TO ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND HOME ENVIRONMENT

The present investigation was undertaken to reveal the relationship of academic achievement with achievement motivation and home environment of secondary school students. The sample of study comprised of 200 students of ninth standard drawn from government and government aided schools of Ludhiana city. The results of the study revealed positive and significant relationship between academic achievement and achievement motivation and home environment. It was further revealed that sex does not exert any influence on achievement motivation and home environment.
Isolation and Characterization of XantIsolation and Characterization of Xanthine Oxidase from Tissues of Benign and Malignant Colon Tumors Patients

The present research included the determination of xanthine oxidase XO in tissues of benign and malignant colon tumor patients. Six samples were collected from patients in surgery unit in Al-Zahrawi hospital in Nineveh Governorate, three of them were benign and the others were malignant colon tumors. The results showed that there are (62%) increase in the specific activity of the enzyme in malignant than benign. The research also included an isolation and partial purification of XO using gel filtration chromatography from benign and malignant colon tumor tissues. The number of purification folds was (12) fold from benign and (17) folds from malignant. The molecular weight of XO was determined using gel filtration on sephadex G-100 and it was found to be (199000 ± 2000 , 191000 ± 2000) dalton from benign and malignant colon tumor respectively. The results also showed that the enzyme gave a maximum activity at (1.5×10 M) of xanthine as a substrate and phosphate buffer at pH (8.5), temperature of (40/°C) and incubation time (6 minutes). Using linweaver-Burk plot, the Km was (2.5 × 10M) and Vmax was ( 7.1× 10) U/ml. The research also shows an inhibition effect of some metal ions like Cu, Hg, Ag (but not by Co) and some chemical compounds like N-acetyl cysteine, 1-phenl-3-pyrazolidinone on XO activity.
Country size, Growth and Volatility

What are the effects of country size on growth and business cycle volatility? To investigate this question, previously asked by Rose (2006) and Furceri and Karras (2007), we developed an original country-size index with principal component analysis (PCA). Traditional analysis of this topic usually only includes the population. Our methodology enables us to simultaneously consider the countries’ population, GDP and arable land. The inclusion of these additional variables allows us to analyse different components of country size and to control for more than a merely demographic effect. Using a panel data set of 163 countries for 1960-2007, we find, contrary to Rose (2006), that country size has a significant and negative impact on economic performance. Our results for output volatility extend the negative and significant relationship found by Furceri and Karras (2007). In addition, we present differentiated results for small and large countries, OECD members, eurozone countries and the so-called BRIC countries. These results are robust for different country and time samples and several control sets.
Last Planner & Bim Integration: Lessons From a Continuous Improvement Effort

This paper discusses the benefits of adopting the last planner system and Building Information Modelling (BIM) from a Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing and Fire Protection (MEPF) perspective. The main objective of this research was to understand how to advance the integration of such practices as means to improve workflow in complex and fast-pace projects. The paper presents the anticipated benefits from such integration and the barriers identified to realize those benefits. The discussion is based on findings of an in depth empirical study in which the learning component of last planner was used to initiate a continuous improvement effort. A comparison is drawn between a desired state on BIM and last planner integration to a real case, followed by reflections on potential solutions to bridge the observed gap. The main contribution of this paper to practice is to understand how to advance the integration of BIM and last planner to improve MEPF coordination and workflow in any kind of construction project, independently from the method of delivery. Expected contributions to theory are related to further understanding how lean processes and technology can be used together as catalysts to increase collaboration in construction projects.
Synchrony in Leafing, Flowering, and Fruiting Phenology of Senegalia senegal within Lake Baringo Woodland, Kenya: Implication for Conservation and Tree Improvement

Leafing, flowering, and fruiting patterns of Senegalia senegal were studied over a period of 24 months from January 2014 to December 2015. The phenological events of the species are bimodal and follow the rainfall patterns. The leafing phase starts during the onset of rains and lasts for 18 weeks. New leaves continued to appear on the new shoots while old leaves persisted to the leaf fall period. Flowering event takes 12 weeks and is concentrated in the months of high relative humidity (April and October) with one-month peak flowering period. Fruiting phase starts at the peak of the rainy seasons (May and November) and peaks in June and December. This phase lasted for 14 weeks. The fruits mature towards the end of the rainy season (January/February and July/August). The fruits open for dispersal mainly in February/March and September during the peak dry season. High synchrony index (SI) was found in leafing (SI: 0.87), flowering (SI: 0.75), and fruiting (SI: 0.85) events among the populations. Temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture content were significantly correlated with the phenological events. Significant variations in floral morphology and fruits traits were also evident. Seed collections should be undertaken in the months of January/February and July/August.
Recent Changes in the Pacific Subtropical Cells Inferred from an Eddy-Resolving Ocean Circulation Model*

Abstract In this study the subtropical cells (STC) in the Pacific Ocean are analyzed using an eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model driven by atmospheric forcing for the years 1992–2003. In particular, the authors seek to identify decadal changes in the STCs in the model and to compare them with observations in order to understand the consequences of such changes for the equatorial ocean heat and mass budgets. The simulation shows a trend toward increasing pycnocline volume transport at 9°N and 9°S across the basin from 1992 to 2003. This increase [4.9 ± 1.0 Sv (Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1)] is in qualitative agreement with observations and is attributed primarily to changes in the interior ocean transport, which are partially compensated by opposing western boundary transports. The subtropical meridional volume transport convergence anomalies in the model pycnocline are found to be consistent with anomalous volume transports in both the observed and modeled Equatorial Undercurrent, as well as with the magni.
Impact of Particle Length of Alfalfa Hay in the Diet of Growing Lambs on Performance, Digestion and Carcass Characteristics

Thirty-six Najdi ram lambs, weighing an average of 24 kg and circa 3 months old, were utilized in this trial to evaluate the effects of various alfalfa hay particle lengths in the diet on growth performance, digestion coefficients, nitrogen retention and carcass characteristics. Lambs were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments: 9.5 and 14 mm diets, where alfalfa hay was processed to 9.5 and 14 mm particle lengths, respectively, mixed with 3 parts of concentrate and pelleted as a total mixed ration (TMR), and long hay diet, where one part of loose alfalfa hay (17.8±2.4 cm) was offered in combination with 3 parts of only-concentrate pellet. All dietary treatments were homogeneous in their ingredient composition. All lambs were slaughtered after a 14-week feeding trial. Although the results showed no significant effect of hay particle length on DMI, TDN and DCP, lambs fed the 9.5 mm pelleted diet had higher (p<0.05) final body weight, ADG, gain efficiency and nitrogen retention than lambs fed the 14 mm and long hay diets. Altering the particle length of alfalfa hay in diets did not affect the digestibility of DM or CP, whereas digestibilities of ADF and NDF were 3.7% and 5.4% higher (p<0.05), respectively, for the long hay diet versus the 9.5 mm pelleted diet. Hot carcass weight, percentage of separable lean from the 9-11 th rib joint, and percentages of protein and EE in the separable lean increased (p<0.05) as the particle length of alfalfa hay in the diet decreased. Under the conditions of this study, the reduction of particle length in the TMR played an important role in enhancing performance without altering DM consumption, and this may lead to more efficient productivity of lamb fattening compared with longer chopping lengths.
Liberalizing Capital Flows in India: Financial Repression, Macroeconomic Policy and Gradual Reforms

Capital account liberalization in financially repressed economies often leads to a period of rapid capital inflows followed by financial crisis. This paper considers the vulnerability of the Indian economy to financial crises with international financial integration and the policy agenda for further liberalization of capital flows. The legacy of financial repression on fiscal and financial policies poses the primary challenge to stable integration of the domestic financial markets of India with international capital markets. Brief overviews of the theory and experience of liberalization elsewhere and of the recent liberalization by India frame the discussion of the risks of liberalization and sequencing of policy reforms.
High-frequency Spicule Oscillations Generated via Mode Conversion

Spicule oscillations involve high-frequency components with a typical period approximately corresponding to 40–50 s. The typical timescale of the photospheric oscillation is a few minutes, and thus, the origin of this high-frequency component is not trivial. In this study, a one-dimensional numerical simulation is performed to demonstrate that the observed spicule oscillations originate from longitudinal-to-transverse mode conversion that occurs around the equipartition layer in the chromosphere. Calculations are conducted in a self-consistent manner with the exception of additional heating to maintain coronal temperature. The analyses indicate the following features: (1) mode conversion efficiently excites high-frequency transverse waves; (2) the typical period of the high-frequency waves corresponds to the sound-crossing time of the mode conversion region; and (3) simulated root-mean-square velocity of the high-frequency component is consistent with the observed value. These results indicate that the observation of spicule oscillation provides direct evidence of mode conversion in the chromosphere.
Down the (White) Rabbit Hole: The Extreme Right and Online Recommender Systems

In addition to hosting user-generated video content, YouTube provides recommendation services, where sets of related and recommended videos are presented to users, based on factors such as co-visitation count and prior viewing history. This article is specifically concerned with extreme right (ER) video content, portions of which contravene hate laws and are thus illegal in certain countries, which are recommended by YouTube to some users. We develop a categorization of this content based on various schema found in a selection of academic literature on the ER, which is then used to demonstrate the political articulations of YouTube’s recommender system, particularly the narrowing of the range of content to which users are exposed and the potential impacts of this. For this purpose, we use two data sets of English and German language ER YouTube channels, along with channels suggested by YouTube’s related video service. A process is observable whereby users accessing an ER YouTube video are likely to be recommended further ER content, leading to immersion in an ideological bubble in just a few short clicks. The evidence presented in this article supports a shift of the almost exclusive focus on users as content creators and protagonists in extremist cyberspaces to also consider online platform providers as important actors in these same spaces.
Fractional Integration of the Price-Dividend Ratio in a Present-Value Model

We re-examine the dynamics of returns and dividend growth within the present-value framework of stock prices. We find that the finite sample order of integration of returns is approximately equal to the order of integration of the first-differenced price-dividend ratio. As such, the traditional return forecasting regressions based on the price-dividend ratio are invalid. Moreover, the nonstationary long memory behaviour of the price-dividend ratio induces antipersistence in returns. This suggests that expected returns should be modelled as an ARFIMA process and we show this improves the forecast ability of the present-value model in-sample and out-of-sample.