Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of Trastuzumab added to standard treatments for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients.

INTRODUCTION Trastuzumab, an HER2-targeting agents, has shown efficacy in metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Single-agent clinical trials have evaluated therapeutic regimens using trastuzumab for metastatic breast cancer patients. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy or hormone therapy in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients. METHODS A literature research was conducted in PubMed and to identify appropriate studies from relevant reviews. Randomized controlled trials comparing chemotherapy or hormone therapy regimens in combination with trastuzumab were eligible. Dadta on clinical outcomes, including safety, efficacy, and patient characteristics were collected. RESULTS Seven articles describing five trials were included in our systematic review and meta- analysis. Partners of trastuzumab included in trials were anthracycline, paclitaxel, docetaxel, anastrozole and letrozole. The addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy improved the overall survival (HR=0.79, 95%CI 0.65- 0.96), while to hormone therapy did not (HR=0.85 95%CI 0.56-1.30). All trastuzumab-containing regimens increased cardiac toxicity (RR=3.37, 95%CI 1.26-9.02) and grade III-IV adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy which is effective and tolerated for metastatic breast cancer with HER2+ patients. Of note, more adverse events will occur followed the use of trastuzumab, especially cardiac toxicity, with two treatment regimens.
A Study of Farmer Education among the Ikwerre People of Rivers State: Implications for Community Development

The study examined forms of farmer education available to farmers among rural farmers in Ikwerre ethnic nationality in Rivers State, Nigeria with implications drawn for community development. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of 770 registered farmers in Emohua, Ikwerre, and Obio/Akpor Local Government Areas making up the Ikwerre ethnic nationality. The entire population of 447 registered farmers of Emohua and Ikwerre Local Government areas were purposively selected and studied as the sample. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire developed through literature and containing structured items on socio-economic characteristics of respondents and forms of farmer education. Data analyses used frequency counts and simple percentages. The result showed that majority of the farmers in Ikwerre were women (59.96%). The results also showed that education were not adequately extended to farmers in the study area. The study therefore, recommends that farmers in Ikwerre should be given unlimited access to farmers training that will improve their productivity, among others.
The impact of angling experience on the efficiency of float fishing using different hook types

Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the catch efficiency of novice and experienced anglers float fishing with different hook types. The mortality of fish that were caught and released was determined based on the experience of the angler and the type of hook used. The mean catch rates of the experienced angler was 46.7 fish per hour, while that of the novice angler was 33.7 fish per hour. The landing efficiency of fish using hooks with micro-barbs was higher than that with barbless hooks. Angling experience had a significant impact on the mean time required to unhook caught fish and also on the mortality of the fish released. The lowest mortality was noted in fish caught by experienced anglers fishing with barbless hooks. The results of the study suggest that angling experience does not have a great impact on parameters characterizing the quality of angling catches. The efficiency of float fishing performed by novice and experienced anglers was similar. Differences were noted in the time required to unhook the fish and in the mortality of the fish released.
Restoring trust by verifying information integrity through continuous auditing

Corporate scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Parmalat, have focused recent governance efforts in the domain of financial reporting due to fraudulent and/or erroneous accounting practices. In addition, the ineffectiveness of the current system of controls has been highlighted, including that some directors have been weak and ineffective monitors of managers. This board of director ‘weakness’ has called for additional mechanisms for monitoring and controlling of management, focusing on financial reporting. This problem intensifies in that today companies function in real-time, and decisions are based on available realtime financial information. However, the assurances provided by traditional auditing take place months after the transactions have occurred and therefore, a trust problem arises because information is not verified in real-time. Consequently, the errors and fraud concealed within the financial information is not discovered until months later. To address this trust problem a conceptual causal model is proposed in this study based on the principles of systems theory. The emergent property of the causal model is increased trust and control. This study establishes that mutual assurances assist in building trust and that information security assists in safeguarding trust. Subsequently, in order to have a positive relationship between the company directors and various stakeholders, uncertainty needs to be contained, and the level of trust needs to surpass the perceived risks. The study concludes that assurances need to be provided in real-time to restore stakeholder confidence and trust in the domain of financial reporting. In order to provide assurances in real-time, continuous auditing is required to verify the integrity of financial information when it becomes available, and not months later. A continuous auditing process has its foundations grounded in information technology and attends to the challenges in real-time by addressing the standardisation of data to enable effective analysis, the validation of the accuracy of the data and the reliability of the system.
The Power of Words in Capital Markets: SEC Comment Letters on Foreign Issuers and the Impact of Domestic Enforcement

In this paper, we examine the language tone of comment letters issued to foreign firms listed on US stock exchanges and the impact of domestic enforcement. We find that the tone of SEC reviews has capital market implications following the dissemination of comment letters. Using a textual analysis methodology, we gauge SEC linguistic nuance by creating a customized wordlist for the US regulatory context. We evaluate alternative measures of tone and present evidence that our discipline-specific tone measure outperforms the frequently-cited dictionaries employed in analyses of corporate narratives. We document that negative-tone regulatory language, in contrast to positive, produces significant investor reactions. We further demonstrate that negative market reactions are amplified relative to the strength of domestic enforcement environments. Finally, we find that negative-tone measures generate the same directional capital effect on both US GAAP and non-US GAAP filers; however, when we consider only the important comment letters, the market reaction is more negative for foreign firms which apply the US GAAP. We offer important implications for enforcement agencies, companies, lenders and investors.
Assessment of health and economic effects by PM2.5 pollution in Beijing: a combined exposure–response and computable general equilibrium analysis

ABSTRACT Assessment of the health and economic impacts of PM2.5 pollution is of great importance for urban air pollution prevention and control. In this study, we evaluate the damage of PM2.5 pollution using Beijing as an example. First, we use exposure–response functions to estimate the adverse health effects due to PM2.5 pollution. Then, the corresponding labour loss and excess medical expenditure are computed as two conducting variables. Finally, different from the conventional valuation methods, this paper introduces the two conducting variables into the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to assess the impacts on sectors and the whole economic system caused by PM2.5 pollution. The results show that, substantial health effects of the residents in Beijing from PM2.5 pollution occurred in 2013, including 20,043 premature deaths and about one million other related medical cases. Correspondingly, using the 2010 social accounting data, Beijing gross domestic product loss due to the health impact of PM2.5 pollution is estimated as 1286.97 (95% CI: 488.58–1936.33) million RMB. This demonstrates that PM2.5 pollution not only has adverse health effects, but also brings huge economic loss.
WHAT'S NEW IN SHOCK? MARCH 2016.

In this edition of Shock, there are many high-quality and interesting reviews, as well as outstanding research reports. The preface by Drs Kellum and Gomez (1) elaborates on a series of papers in this issue of Shock which are dedicated to the understanding and exploration of the mechanisms by which sepsis induces organ dysfunction. These papers are the result of the Fourteenth International Consensus Conference of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative. Along other reports, Chawla et al. (2) review the latest findings and discoveries that associate epithelial dysfunction with organ dysfunction in sepsis. This occurs when cell death is not obvious, but the function of organs profoundly altered. The authors elegantly discuss modalities that might enable clinicians to determine prognosis, therapeutic targets, or response to therapy in this group of patients. Although these studies mainly remained experimental, there is hope that targeted therapy of epithelium will improve outcome of septic patients. Kellum et al. (3) report on the effort to develop a consensus for blood purification in patients with sepsis-induced organ dysfunction by using a modified Delphimethod. This is a major movement since there is no common consensus on how extracorporeal blood purification therapy might be applied or studied in patients with sepsis. The morbidity and modalities involved with sepsis show a very wide range of clinical and molecular phenotypes from patient to patient, mainly due to pathogen and/or the host-specific factor. As such, it is difficult to have a common consensus on how extracorporeal blood purification therapy may be used for these patients. While we cannot discuss all aspects of this consensus here, we leave it up to the reader and strongly recommend to dive into these papers. We believe that these papers can open a dialogue to substantially advance the knowledge in the field and improve our clinical practice for these patients. On the same topic of sepsis, Ince et al. (4) review and discuss another cell type involved in sepsis, which are the endothelial cells. The authors discuss endothelial cell-associated hemostatic responses to sepsis and their response to inflammation. By highlighting the differences between endothelial cells lining in different organs and their responses to sepsis, the authors delineate the response of these cells in the three key organs: kidney, liver, and lungs. Despite the new insights, the authors acknowledge that assessing endothelial cells lining function is
THE EFFECT OF CLARITY GOAL BUDGETING, BUDGETING PARTICIPATION, REPORTING SYSTEM AND ACCOUNTING CONTROL TO THE ACCOUNTABILITY PERFORMANCE OF THE PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS THROUGHOUT THE LOMBOK ISLAND

This study aims to test and to find empirical evidence about the effect of clarity goal budgeting, budgeting participation, reporting and accounting control system to the accountability performance of the public high schools throughout the Lombok island. The method used is associative research. The total population are 262 public high schools. To determine the number of population samples used the formula Slovin with standard error of 10% in order to obtain a sample size of 72. The sampling technique used is proportionate simple random sampling and cluster sampling with a sample of 72 respondents from 72 secondary high schools of the countries. Respondents were recruited in this study are development school teams and school stakeholders. The analytical tool used in the study were multiple linear regression, the unit of analysis in this study are state secondary school (junior high school, senior high school, and vocational school) throughout the Lombok island. The results of this study showed that the goal clarity budgeting, budgeting participation, reporting and accounting control and simultaneous partial effect on performance accountability of state secondary schools throughout the Lombok island. This study may provide information to stakeholders (government and public) to evaluate and to do the monitoring function process of accountability and transparency of state budgets secondary schools throughout the Lombok island.
Systematic review of the prevalence of gout and hyperuricaemia in Australia

Aims: Gout is a growing health problem worldwide especially in affluent countries, such as Australia. Gout and hyperuricaemia are associated with the metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypertension. More importantly, Australia has a growing prevalence of these important health problems. The aim of this study was to systematically review published information regarding the prevalence of gout and hyperuricaemia in Australia.
Peptide Specificity Determinants at P−7 and P−6 Enhance the Catalytic Efficiency of Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase I in the Absence of Activation Loop Phosphorylation*

Phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I (CaM KI) at Thr-177 by recombinant rat Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase B (CaM KKB) modulates the kinetics of synapsin-(4–13) peptide phosphorylation by reducing the K m 44-fold and decreasing theK CaM 4-fold. There is also a slight decrease inK m for ATP and increase in enzymeV max. A synthetic peptide substrate from the yeast transcription factor, ADR1-(222–234)G233 is a 15-fold better substrate for the Thr-177 dephospho-form of CaM KI than synapsin-(4–13). The Thr-177 dephospho-enzyme has aK m and V max for ADR1-(222–234)G233 similar to the values with synapsin-(4–13) using the Thr-177 phosphorylated enzyme. Likewise, with ADR1-(222–234)G233 as substrate, phosphorylation of Thr-177 or substitution of T177A had very little effect on the kinetic values. Using chimeric peptides between synapsin-(4–13) and ADR1-(222–234)G233 we found that N-terminal basic residues at P−7 and P−6 positions were sufficient to allow efficient phosphorylation by the Thr-177 dephospho-form of CaM KI. Phosphorylation of Thr-177 expands the substrate specificity of CaM KI and is not merely an “on-off” switch for kinase activity.
User experience in personalized online shopping: a fuzzy-set analysis

Purpose In the complex environments of online personalization, multiple factors have been considered to explain consumers’ online behaviour, but largely without considering the role of specific configurations of variables and how they may affect consumer behaviour. This study aims to show how trust towards online vendors, privacy, emotions and experience combine to predict consumers’ purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach Building on complexity theory, a conceptual model followed by research propositions is presented. The propositions are empirically validated through configurational analysis, using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) on 182 customers with experience in personalized online shopping. Predictive validity analysis is also performed. Findings Five solutions of trust, privacy, emotions and experience increase intention to purchase, and six solutions inhibit it. The findings verify the importance of trust and happiness in successful personalized online shopping. Their absence inhibits purchase intentions. Also, high experience may help to overcome low trust or negative emotions, whereas low experience requires the combination of high trust and happiness. None of the examined factors are indispensable to explain purchase intentions. Research limitations/implications The study uses fsQCA, differentiating from traditional studies in the area that use variance-based methods and identifies multiple solutions explaining the same outcome. The proposed approach contributes to theory development in the field. Practical implications The multiple solutions lead to new ways on how companies may approach their customers, as each one covers a specific part of the sample, adding to the fact that in personalized marketing there is not one single optimal solution explaining customer purchase intentions. Originality/value This study contributes by extending existing knowledge on how trust, privacy, emotions and experience combine to increase or mitigate intention to purchase towards the development of new emotion-centric theories and the design and provision of personalized services and presenting a step-by-step methodological approach for how to apply fsQCA in e-commerce studies.
Identification of a major facilitator protein from Escherichia coli involved in efflux of metabolites of the cysteine pathway

A chromosomal fragment has been identified in a gene bank from Escherichia coli, which augmented the yield of cysteine in an industrial production strain. Subcloning and genetic analysis showed that an open reading frame coding for a product of 299 amino acids (Orf299) was responsible. Orf299 was synthesized in the T7 polymerase/promoter system and exhibited the properties of an integral membrane protein. Mutational interruption of orf299 did not cause a distinct phenotype; however, transformants overexpressing orf299 had lost the ability to grow in minimal medium unless it was supplemented with a source of reduced sulphur compounds, and they excreted considerable amounts of cysteine and O‐acetyl‐l‐serine, especially in the presence of thiosulphate. Most of the cysteine was found to be masked in 2‐methyl‐2,4‐thiazolidinedicarboxylic acid. N‐acetyl‐l‐serine was also present in the medium, but it is open to question whether it represents a primary excretion product. Measurement of the induction status of the cysteine regulon by means of a cysK′–′lacZ gene fusion demonstrated that the regulon is not induced upon growth in the presence of a poor sulphur source and that the introduction of a constitutive cysB allele alleviates this deficiency. The results indicate that orf299 codes for an export pump for different metabolites of the cysteine pathway. Its relation to other efflux systems and the physiological role are discussed.
Developing a Trichotomy Model to Measure Socially Responsible Behaviour in China

Since the Chinese government advocated a Harmonious Society, socially responsible consumption has increased and companies are responding to the trend. However, our understanding of the attitude and behaviour of 1.3 billion Chinese consumers on socially responsible consumption is almost blank. The primary objective of the present study is to develop a scale to measure socially responsible consumer behaviour (SRCB) in China's Taoist context. The secondary objective is to identify whether Chinese consumers share the same ecological and social concerns with their western counterparts as previous research suggests. This paper starts with a new definition of SRCB based on a literature review, then identifies the dimensions of SRCB in China on the basis of in-depth interviews and previous findings. Finally, a nine-factor, 34-item scale is developed through a widely used scale-building process. Differences with findings from the US and France are discussed and marketing implications are elaborated.
Estuarine Turbidity Maxima and Variations of Aggregate Parameters in the Cam-Nam Trieu Estuary, North Vietnam, in Early Wet Season

This study aims at exploring the characteristic parameters of the Estuarine Turbidity Maxima (ETM) and at investigating their tidal variations within the Cam-Nam Trieu estuary (North Vietnam) during the early wet season. Six longitudinal river transects were performed at spring tide. Two types of ETM were observed: an upper well mixed ETM with high Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) concentrations up to the surface at low salinity (0.11 to <1 psu), and a lower ETM confined in a bottom layer over stratified waters at salinities between ~1 psu and 15 psu. Their length depended on the longitudinal salinity gradient and was highest at low tide than at high tide. D50 of the flocs varied between 35 and 90 μm, their excess of density between 60 and 300 kg m−3 and their settling velocity ranged from 0.07 to 0.55 mm s−1 with values between 0.12 and 0.40 mm s−1 in the core of ETMs. The average fractal dimension of flocs was estimated to vary between 1.93 (at high tide) to 2.04 (at low tide).
Evolutionary and Ecological Causes of the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient in Hylid Frogs: Treefrog Trees Unearth the Roots of High Tropical Diversity

Why are there more species in the tropics than in temperate regions? In recent years, this long‐standing question has been addressed primarily by seeking environmental correlates of diversity. But to understand the ultimate causes of diversity patterns, we must also examine the evolutionary and biogeographic processes that directly change species numbers (i.e., speciation, extinction, and dispersal). With this perspective, we dissect the latitudinal diversity gradient in hylid frogs. We reconstruct a phylogeny for 124 hylid species, estimate divergence times and diversification rates for major clades, reconstruct biogeographic changes, and use ecological niche modeling to identify climatic variables that potentially limit dispersal. We find that hylids originated in tropical South America and spread to temperate regions only recently (leaving limited time for speciation). There is a strong relationship between the species richness of each region and when that region was colonized but not between the latitudinal positions of clades and their rates of diversification. Temperature seasonality seemingly limits dispersal of many tropical clades into temperate regions and shows significant phylogenetic conservatism. Overall, our study illustrates how two general principles (niche conservatism and the time‐for‐speciation effect) may help explain the latitudinal diversity gradient as well as many other diversity patterns across taxa and regions.
M-payment adoption for bottom of pyramid segment: an empirical investigation

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine m-payment adoption for the bottom of pyramid (BoP) segment in a developing country context.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was distributed to 247 BoP customers in Bangladesh. Data were analysed by employing confirmatory factor analysis and Structural Equations Modelling.FindingsThe results show that performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), facilitating conditions (FC), habit and social influence (SI) significantly influence the BoP segment’s behavioural intention (BI). It is revealed that PE, lifestyle compatibility (LC), SI and habit have relatively stronger effects being higher predictor of intentions. Again EE and FC have relatively lower effects on m-payment BI. On the other hand, hedonic motivation (HM) and price value (PV) are two non-significant predictors of m-payment adoption.Practical implicationsThe study recommends that financial institutions, such as banks and other non-banking service firms, need to know the antecedents affecting BI suggested by the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) theory along with “LC”. This will increase m-payment adoption for the BoP segment in developing countries.Originality/valueTo the extent of researcher’s knowledge, none of the previous studies using the UTAUT2 theory to examine m-payment adoption for BoP segment. This study contributes empirical data to the predominantly theoretical literature by offering a deeper understanding of the inclusion of LC, which is one of the significant antecedents in explaining BoP segment’s m-payment adoption.