Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recognizing Objects in SAR Images

Automated object recognition in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is a significant problem because recent developments in image collection platforms will soon produce far more imagery (terabytes per day per aircraft) than the declining ranks of image analysts are capable of handling. In this chapter, the problem scope is the recognition subsystem itself, starting with chips of military target vehicles from real SAR images at 1-ft resolution and ending with vehicle identification. The specific challenges for the recognition system are the need for automated recognition of vehicles with articulated parts (like the turret of a tank), or that have significant external configuration variants (like fuel barrels, searchlights, etc.), or that can be partially hidden. Previous recognition methods involving detection theory [1,2], pattern recognition [3–5], and neural networks [6,7] are not useful in these cases because articulation or occlusion changes global features like the object outline and major axis [8]. In order to characterize the performance of the recognition subsystem, we approach the problem scientifically from fundamentals. We characterize SAR azimuth variance to determine the number of models required, we utilize the invariance of the targets, and based on these invariants, we develop a SAR-specific recognition system. We characterize the performance of this system in terms of invariance of features, number of
Pathogenic Aerobic Bacterial Contaminants on Non-Critical HospitalSurfaces within Paediatric Ward of a Nigerian Hospital

The study was a cross-sectional study of indoor hospital surfaces within paediatric wards to determine the pattern of pathogenic aerobic bacterial contaminants on non-critical surfaces within paediatric wards of UITH, Ilorin. A total of 201 surface swab samples were collected, using sterile ethylene oxide sterilized swab sticks premoistened with sterile normal saline, from selected non-critical surfaces and were aseptically cultured on media and incubated aerobically at 35°C to 37°C for 18 to 24 hours. Identification of bacterial isolates was carried out using standard microbiological procedure. Non-critical surfaces within paediatric wards: emergency paediatrics-unit 1 (EPU 1), emergency paediatric-unit 2 (EPU 2), paediatric medical-ward (PMW), paediatric surgical-ward (PSU) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A prevalence of 67.7% was recorded for surface contamination; Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant isolate 39.4% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1.3% was the least contaminant isolated from this study. Wash sinks were the most commonly contaminated site amongst surfaces studied with a proportion of 123.5%, medical tables were the least contaminated with 33.33%. Among the wards sampled, EPU2 has the highest contamination level with 87.5% while NICU has the least contamination with 67.6%. This study showed that most of the sites sampled had bacterial contaminants indicating potential sources of cross contamination from surfaces to hands of healthcare workers, patients and vice-versa. It is pertinent to understand that non-critical hospital surfaces are important in the passive transmission of healthcare associated infectious pathogens. Thorough cleaning, disinfection of these surfaces and proper hand washing practices will break the chain of transmission.
Mothers with arthritis : experiences in the stories of mothering

Motherhood has been described as an identity, a role, and a way of participating in life (Arendell, 2000; Farber, 2004). Motherhood has also been described as 'work', the care taking, nurturing and teaching of children (Francis-Connolly, 2000). Mothers with arthritis have reported difficulty in the tasks of parenting and household work (Allaire et al., 1991; Backman, Kennedy, Chalmers & Singer, 2004; Barlow, Cullen, Foster, Harrison & Wade, 1999; Grant, Cullen & Barlow, 2000; Reisine, Grady, Goodenow & Fifield, 1998), however, we know little about how a mother experiences these challenges. While the subjective experience of being a mother and having a disability is intrinsically linked to participation, health and social interaction (Farber, 2004), research has not been conducted on how mothers with arthritis experience mothering in the presence of arthritis, and how this experience affects their participation, identity and social interaction. This narrative research study asks "How is being a mother and doing motherhood activities affected by your arthritis? " Study objectives include: 1) Describe mothers' experiences of nurturing, teaching and caring for their children. 2) Describe how mothers understand and explain the effect of arthritis on their role of mother. 3) Describe whether or not this understanding changes how mothers participate and interact in their community. Narrative inquiry was used to explore the experiences of eight married mothers with inflammatory arthritis who have at least one child (aged 0-18) living at home. Purposive sampling allowed representation of families from different communities, with children of different ages. Data collection included two in-depth interviews, participant observation, document review, and fine art painting. Data was coded and analyzed using narrative inquiry techniques (Coffey & Atkinson, 1996; Riessman, 1993; Sandelowski, 1991). Overarching storylines are presented as narratives that describe the mother's experiences of identifying with the role of mother, participation, fatigue and the social context in which mothering occurs.
Survey of excitation signals for FFT based signal analyzers

The properties of ten different excitation signals are studied to analyze their suitability as excitation signals for fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based signal and network analyzers. Their influence on the measurement time, accuracy, and sensitivity to nonlinear distortions is described. The flexibility to create a customized amplitude spectrum is investigated. With this information it becomes possible to select the best excitation signal for many applications. >
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery-New Directions

Surgical techniques involving the endoscopic evaluation and treatment of diseases of the chest have progressed from their origins in the early 1900s to the modern era of video-assisted, minimally invasive thoracic surgery. As the surgical techniques and instrumentation evolve, the role of video-assisted surgery in a modern general thoracic surgical practice continues to be debated and to change accordingly. This review describes the current role of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in the management of diseases of the lung (bronchogenic carcinoma, emphysema, and interstitial disease), pleura (pleural effusions and empyema), and mediastinum (tumors and cysts, autonomic dysfunction, and pericardial disease).
Between a rock and a hard place : a qualitative investigation of the experience of accessing counselling

Clients’ experiences in attempting to access counselling help have rarely been studied. As such, a full and clear understanding of clients’ experiences with accessing services, as well as identification of the barriers encountered by clients and clients’ ideas about what would make accessing more comfortable, have eluded researchers. Typically, the research focus has been quantitative investigations of the no-show phenomenon, whereby clients fail to arrive at pre-booked counselling appointments. Such studies have left 24% of the variance in the unexplained “other” category. More recently, researchers have begun to question whether or not mental health stigma impacts counselling attendance. The present study sought to describe the experience of individuals who selfidentified as having booked a counselling appointment within the previous 8-months and then had failed to attend. A basic interpretive qualitative research design (Merriam, 2002) was employed for the purpose of describing and understanding this phenomenon, with special emphasis given to identifying possible barriers to accessing counselling. Interviews with four middle class Caucasian adults aged 27-33; two of whom had accessed counselling previously and two of whom had not, were conducted. Transcripts were analyzed in terms of a shared meaning and descriptive categories (Kearney, 2001). Findings revealed that stigma, self-stigma, several fears, and some counselling practices functioned as barriers. However, participants also expressed positive emotions associated with reaching out and accessing counselling help and a desire for information about what to expect in counselling, whether they had accessed previously or not. The beginnings of a pattern associated with accessing counselling are discussed and implications for counselling practice and future research are described. Experience of Accessing Counselling iii
Discovering interesting prediction rules with a genetic algorithm

In essence, the goal of data mining is to discover knowledge which is highly accurate, comprehensible and "interesting" (surprising, novel). Although the literature emphasizes predictive accuracy and comprehensibility, the discovery of interesting knowledge remains a formidable challenge for data mining algorithms. We present a genetic algorithm designed from the scratch to discover interesting rules. Our GA addresses the dependence modelling task, where different rules can predict different goal attributes. This task can be regarded as a generalization of the classification task, where all rules predict the same goal attribute.
Speedy orthodontics - Surgery first orthognathic approach

Skeletal malocclusions are the result of variation in the relationship between skeletal, dental and overlying soft tissues. Management of these malocclusions in adults requires orthognathic surgery in combination with orthodontics. Until 1960s, surgeons and orthodontists worked independently to correct dentofacial deformities. Thereafter, the conventional approach for correction of severe dentofacial anomalies was introduced which consisted of three stages (presurgical, surgical, postsurgical). As treatment with conventional orthognathic surgery involves a prolonged time period, surgery first orthognathic approach (SFOA) was introduced in which orthognathic surgery is done first followed by orthodontic treatment for alignment of the teeth and settle the occlusion. By performing surgery first approach, Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon (RAP) is initiated which is an important factor in reduction of treatment duration in SFOA. This article intends to provide an overview of the history, indications, advantages, disadvantages, stability of SFOA.
An Epidemiological Study of Violent Asphyxial Death in Varanasi Region(India) a Killing Tool

Asphyxial death is a common incident in forensic practices, and determination of the manner of death that may be accidental, suicidal, homicidal, or natural is of utmost significance. In such deaths, a detailed and meticulous autopsy plays a major role to solve the case while the scene investigation and collection of samples have their own significance. Domestic violence plays a great role in suicidal and homicidal violent asphyxia deaths. Various epidemiological and demographical parameters of the study are described in the present study. Increasing deaths due to asphyxia are one of the most important causes in violent deaths. During the 4 year period from January 2008 to 31st December 2011, there were 542 asphyxial deaths autopsied conducted by the Department of Forensic Medicine, IMS-BHU Varanasi, India. Asphyxial deaths comprise 6.95% of all forensic autopsies; 35.79% of the cases are aged between 21-30 years; Males constitute 60.89% of all the cases. The most frequent method of asphyxiation death is hanging (283 cases, 52.21%), followed by drowning (45.02%) and suffocation (0.55%). More violent methods, such as ligature or manual strangulations, constitute 2.21% of all asphyxial deaths, respectively. Although it was varying according to the methods of asphyxiation, suicide was found to be the manner of death in the majority of the cases
Aspectos epidemiológicos da fluorose dentária no Brasil: pesquisas no período 1993-2006

A epidemiologia da fluorose dentaria resulta de inqueritos realizados recentemente, em decorrencia da melhor compreensao de aspectos metabolicos dos fluoretos no organismo humano e de preocupacoes no âmbito da saude coletiva. Objetiva-se apresentar os estudos realizados sobre a fluorose entre 1993 e 2006. O periodo 1993-2004 demarca o intervalo entre a 2ae a 3a Conferencia Nacional de Saude Bucal. Em 2005-2006, a busca de dados primarios apresentados em reunioes cientificas confirmou os achados existentes na literatura, mostrando que a agenda cientifica brasileira nao foi substancialmente influenciada pelas discussoes travadas durante a 3a Conferencia. A maioria dos estudos concentra-se em areas urbanas e a predominância no Brasil dos graus "muito leve" e "leve" de fluorose mostra nao haver comprometimentos de ordem funcional. A baixa percepcao da fluorose pela populacao, aliada a sua baixa prevalencia, evoca o necessario debate sobre as questoes de saude coletiva no pais. Visto que a producao cientifica nacional constitui uma importante fonte de conhecimentos para subsidiar a elaboracao de politicas publicas para o setor da saude, os sucessivos e pontuais estudos analisados mostram que, no que diz respeito a fluorose, o diagnostico epidemiologico reafirma a necessidade, a importância e a seguranca da fluoretacao das aguas de abastecimento publico como medida de saude coletiva.
Analysis of students’ participation patterns and learning presence in a wiki-based project

The educational applications of wikis are becoming very popular among instructors and researchers and they have captured their attention and imagination. This paper reports on the investigation of a wiki project designed to support university students’ collaborative authoring and learning. The design framework of the wiki-based project is outlined and an analysis framework is proposed as the result of combining analysis of students’ collaborative actions, e.g. edits and posts in the wiki pages. The framework was applied to investigate students’ engagement, their contribution to the wiki content and the patterns of collaboration and content co-creation they followed during the project timeline. Our findings revealed different patterns of students’ contribution to their group wiki as well as their different roles. The paper concludes with suggestions for future development of the framework and research in the field of wiki learning design.
Data Authentication Model Based on Reed-solomon Error-correcting Codes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract We consider the problem of authenticating the packets transmitted over a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) controlled by an adversary who may perform arbitrary attacks on the packets: He may drop or modify the chosen packets. The prior works on the data authentication problem of WSN have focused on a less powerful adversarial network model or have examined a considerably more restrictive setting with specific timing or structural assumptions about WSN. We also model the ability of WSN to modify a data of n packets with a parameter: the survival rate α (0 < α≤ 1) denoting the fraction of the packets that are guaranteed to reach any particular receiver unmodified. Combining error-correcting codes with standard cryptographic primitives, our approach gives almost the same security guarantees as if each packet was individually signed, but requires only one signature operation for the entire data and adds to each transmitted packet only a small amount of authentication information. We prove the security and correctness of our scheme and analyze its performance in terms of communication overhead and computational effort at the sender and the receiver. We also compare our scheme with other typical data authentication model of WSN, and the results show that our scheme not only provides the authenticity authentication, but also has the lower overhead. Therefore, our model is suitable for application in large-scale WSN.
The associations of stroke risk and risk factors with dietary intakes and biomarkers of magnesium and protein

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, the majority of stroke cases are first events, and therefore primary prevention is essential. Stroke risk and major risk factors, blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile, may be modified by diet. The associations of dietary magnesium and protein intake on these outcomes has been understudied in parallel in a single population and the relationship between diet, nutritional biomarkers and BP is lacking in older populations. Aim: To determine associations between dietary magnesium and protein intakes and biomarkers with BP, lipid profile and stroke risk. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 4,443 men and women, a representative sub-sample of the EPIC-Norfolk cohort, aged 39-80 and 234 older men and women, aged 65-79, from the NU-AGE study. Multiple regression analysis and cox-proportional hazards model were used to assess associations between dietary magnesium and protein intakes, with BP, lipids and stroke risk. Dietary and biomarkers of magnesium and protein were assessed in relation to BP in the NU-AGE cohort. Results: BP was significantly inversely associated with dietary magnesium in men, total and animal protein in women and plant protein (diastolic BP only) for both sexes. Inconsistent relationships were identified between lipid levels and dietary magnesium and protein intakes with discrepancies between sexes. Men with the lowest 10% of magnesium intake were at highest risk of stroke. There was no significant relationship with other dietary intakes and stroke risk. In the NU-AGE study serum magnesium was not correlated with BP in men or women, and urinary urea nitrogen was inversely correlated with diastolic BP in men only. Conclusions: Dietary intakes of magnesium and protein have the potential to modify stroke risk. A diet higher in plant foods such as wholegrains, green vegetables, nuts, and legumes and quality animal protein may be beneficial in preventing stroke.
Mobilising for safer care: addressing structural barriers to reducing healthcare-associated infections in Vancouver, Canada

Programs and reforms to prevent healthcare-associated infections encounter structural barriers that affect their adoption and effective implementation. This article is based on interviews with 55 frontline healthcare providers, infection control and quality experts, and policymakers from 2010–2013 primarily in Vancouver, Canada. This article reports the perceptions of participants regarding the consequences that structural barriers, including physical structure, staffing levels, education, policy variations, and authority, have on their ability to prevent healthcare-associated infections. The findings suggest the need to shift more funding to preventative measures, such as more infection-prevention professionals, higher participation in quality programs and increased availability of isolation rooms to reduce healthcare-associated infections. In addition, leadership and resources are needed to expand (1) mandatory annual infection prevention education sessions to all hospital staff with point of care follow up, and (2) standardised, evidence-based antimicrobial stewardship clinical practice guidelines and policies.
Priodontes maximus (Cingulata, Dasypodidae) in the Reserva Particular Do Patrimônio Natural Vale Encantado, Triângulo Mineiro, southeastern Brazil

RESUMEN. Se reporta la presencia del armadillo gigante, Priodontes maximus , en la Reserva Particu-lar del Patrimonio Natural Vale Encantado (RPPN-VE, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil) con base en ana-lisis de cuevas y en un registro visual. Fueron mapeadas 27 cuevas en la region nordeste de la RPPN-VE con un ancho medio de 43.54 cm y una altura media de 32.00 cm. Asimismo, se discute la importancia de las Reservas Naturales en la region del Triângulo Mineiro. The giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus (Dasypodidae), is the largest living arma-dillo, with an average length of 90.00 cm and a mass of about 30.00-40.00 kg. The species has a wide occurrence in Brazil and are patchily distributed from Colombia, northern Venezuela and Guianas (French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname) to Para-guay and northern Argentina (Wetzel 1982, Silveira et al. 2009, Abba & Superina 2010). Giant armadillos inhabit the tropical forests of Amazonia, open savannas of the Cerrado and the Gran Chaco, the low lands of the Pantanal, and the Atlantic forest (Cabrera & Yepes 1940, Silveira
Formación en el fútbol prebenjamín: optimización del potencial educativo

espanolEl futbol ocupa un lugar privilegiado en la oferta de actividades fisicodeportivas en edad prebenjamin que complementan la educacion formal. El estilo formativo de los equipos en este escenario tiene repercusion sobre el desarrollo integral de sus jugadores. El estudio desea profundizar sobre el estilo formativo para optimizar el potencial formativo de las propuestas institucionalizadas de futbol de siete anos. Se presenta un diseno de estudio de caso de modalidad etnografica que utiliza la metodologia de la observacion participante y, como tecnica complementaria, el dato cualitativo en la imagen en dos equipos de futbol prebenjamin de siete anos. De los resultados se destaca la inherencia de una identidad de equipo, cimentada sobre el corporativismo, la cooperacion y la individualidad; la aplicacion de una estrategia para obtener la victoria; la necesidad de una disciplina emprendida desde los familiares y la utilizacion de una jerga endemica. El estudio concluye con cinco propuestas de optimizacion del futbol prebenjamin para revalorizar el potencial educativo que posee para los ninos a traves de la cooperacion, la promocion de oportunidades formativas personalizadas y la ejemplificacion adulta EnglishFootball has a special place in the range of physical and sporting activities in the U8 age bracket which supplement formal education. The training style of teams in this scenario impacts the comprehensive development of their players. This study explores the training style to optimise the educational potential of institutionalised proposals in U8 football. An ethnographic case study design is presented using participant observation methodology along with qualitative image data in two football teams for seven-yearolds as an additional technique. The results highlight the inherence of a team identity based on team-building, cooperation and individuality; the use of a strategy to achieve victory; the need for discipline undertaken by family members; and the use of endemic jargon. The study concludes with five proposals aimed at optimising U8 football to enhance its educational potential for children through cooperation, fostering personalised training opportunities and adult exemplification.
Adesão à dieta e ao exercício físico das pessoas com diabetes mellitus

Estudio transversal de enfoque cuantitativo que tuvo como objetivo evaluar la adherencia de las personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 al autocuidado, con respecto a la dieta y a los ejercicios fisicos, asi como la relacion con caracteristicas sociodemograficas y clinicas. La muestra consistio de 162 personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, en consulta externa de seguimiento. Para la recoleccion de datos se utilizo la version brasilena del instrumento Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Questionnaire y consulta a los archivos de los participantes. Fue encontrada baja adherencia al autocuidado. Para p<0,05, la correlacion fue inversamente proporcional a la escolaridad, lo que sugiere menor adherencia para mayor escolaridad. No se encontraron correlaciones estadisticamente significantes entre la adherencia al autocuidado y sexo, edad, estado civil, ingreso per capita mensual, tiempo de diagnostico, tipo de tratamiento con medicamentos y presencia de complicaciones/comorbilidades. Los resultados corroboran la literatura, en la cual variables sociodemograficas y clinicas pueden no predecir la adhesion al tratamiento de personas con Diabetes Mellitus.