Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
XXI. Contributions to the minute anatomy of the thyroid gland of the dog

The thyroid gland is one of those organs, commonly known by the name of ductless or blood-glands, about which our knowledge is still in a very unsatisfactory condition. The function of this body is quite unknown, and its minute structure is still involved in some obscurity. Results of previous Investigations. —The present state of our knowledge of the structure of this organ may be gathered from the writings of Henle (‘Handbuch der systematischen Anatomie des Menschen,’ 1866, vol. ii. pp. 535-541), Kölliker (‘Handbuch der Gewebelehre,’ 5th ed. 1867, pp. 480-482), Verson (Stricker’s ‘Human and Comparative Histology,’ Sydenham Society’s translation by H. Power, vol. i. pp. 370-372), and Frey (Das Mikroskop, 4th ed. 1871, pp. 232 & 283).
Are Sexual Minorities Less Likely to Participate in Surveys? An Examination of Proxy Nonresponse Measures and Associated Biases with Sexual Orientation in a Population-based Health Survey

One of the implicit assumptions in survey research is lower response rates by sexual minorities than by nonminorities. With rapidly changing public attitudes toward same-sex marriage, we reconsider this assumption. We used data from the 2013 and 2014 National Health Interview Survey that include contact history data for all sample families as well as sexual orientation information about adults sampled from responding families. We created proxy nonresponse indicators based on contact efforts and reluctance from contact history data and linked them to sexual orientation of the sample adult and simulated nonresponse. The data did not support the assumption: Straight adults were more difficult to get cooperation from than nonstraights. With female sexual minorities showing higher nonresponse than their male counterparts, special considerations are required. Replication analyses may provide insights into what factors influence study participation decisions, which will inform how nonresponse may impact the accuracy of research findings.
A study of the physical properties of single crystalline Fe 5 B 2 P .

Single crystals of Fe5B2P were grown by self-flux growth technique. Structural and magnetic properties are studied. The Curie temperature of Fe5B2P is determined to be 655 ± 2 K. The saturation magnetization is determined to be 1.72 μB/Fe at 2 K. The temperature variation of the anisotropy constant K1 is determined for the first time, reaching ∼ 0.50 MJ/m3 at 2 K, and it is comparable to that of hard ferrites. The saturation magnetization is found to be larger than the hard ferrites. The first principle calculations of saturation magnetization and anisotropy constant are found to be consistent with the experimental results.
Discovering Diversified Paths in Knowledge Bases

Vast amounts of world knowledge is now accessible through Knowledge Graphs (KGs) in RDF format and can be queried using SPARQL. Yet, finding paths between nodes in such graphs is not part of the official SPARQL 1.1 standard; only the simpler functionality of checking reachability is supported, i.e., assessing whether two nodes are connected based on certain conditions formalized as property paths but without providing information on how they are actually connected. To close this gap of functionality, we present J edi , a system that extends a popular SPARQL engine, Jena, with the ability to compute paths connecting entities in a KG. J edi shows the k most relevant results to the user where relevance is assessed as a trade-off between path length and diversification of the intermediate nodes in the path. Furthermore, our solution is not limited to a single property path pattern but supports queries containing multiple property path patterns. While J edi supports arbitrary KGs, for demonstration purposes some predefined KGs, such as YAGO and DBLP, will be used.
GUIDING THE ELDERLY INTO THE USE OF COMPUTERS AND INTERNET – LESSONS TAUGHT AND LEARNT

Demography of Finland and that of Western world is changing rapidly. In the era when most of the services are brought or being brought into the digital format and available from the Internet, there is a need to accommodate and involve also the elderly into the Information Society. Instead of pure accommodation, however, we should guide them to this new world from their motives, life experiences and abilities on. This paper describes one way of teaching the elderly people of age 52 to 74 the basic skills in computing. Study is based on the experiences gained from two 20 hour elementary computer courses held in the village of Joroinen, Finland in spring 2007. Data was gathered via pre-interviews and postWWW-questionnaire. During the course, ethnographic methods were also used in case of observations and short field notes. Experiences from Seniors’ Club were also utilized. Elderly people do need more time, very structured outline and instructions. However, they are very eager to learn and also possess capabilities for that. Concepts learnt during the short course were not that many but we reached our main goal: to inspire seniors to use ICT and to get rid of the fear of computers. This paper also presents the rules of thumb in teaching the elderly and discusses the task of course-design.
Training for power: principles and practice

Developing an athlete’s ability to generate power is a key goal of periodisation. This development can be enhanced through manipulation of the force-velocity curve, whereby athletes first increase force output (maximum strength), and then the ability to apply this force under progressively time constrained movement skills specific to their sport. The first part of this article looks at the physiological and biomechanical theories that govern the efficacy of power training, and reviews the effect of strength training and ballistic training on power development. The second part focuses on training prescription.
Seasonal Dynamics of Nutrient Loading and Chlorophyll A in a Northern Prairies Reservoir, Saskatchewan, Canada

Harmful algae blooms have become an increasing concern in context with the safety of water resources around the globe; however, little is known about the dynamics and specific causes of such blooms in the prairie ecozone in North America. The aim of this study was to research the nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) content and nutrient limitation (defined as N and P limitation) of growth of cyanobacteria in a northern prairies reservoir (Lake Diefenbaker [LD], SK, Canada). A combination of concentration balance analysis for N and P, controlled bioassays with the natural consortium of phytoplankton or defined monocultures of cyanobacteria, and satellite imagery was applied to address this aim. The current trophic status of Lake Diefenbaker is one of moderate eutrophication. Primary production in the lake is P-limited, and N did not represent a limiting factor for algal production. There was no significant increase in TP con- centrations between the upper and lower portions of the reservoir, indicating that most of the phosphorus in LD comes from upstream sites in Alberta. Anabaena circinalis, a species that has the potential to seriously degrade lake ecosys- tems, was identified as the predominant cyanobacteria in LD. Together with the fact that TP influxes into the reservoir primarily originate from upstream sources, these results suggest the need for remedial measures in the upstream reach of the South Saskatchewan River. Satellite imaging represented a promising approach in support of monitoring for po- tential algal blooms in LD; however, due to limited sensitivity and issues associated with atmosphere interference this methodology should only be used in combination with in situ water quality monitoring. In summary, while this study indicated that Lake Diefenbaker is potentially at risk with cyanobacteria blooms (some of which such as Anabena sp. that can produce toxins) during late summer and fall, development of clear causal relationships and risk assessment strategies is currently limited due to lack of monitoring data and programs.
Playing FlappyBird with Deep Reinforcement Learning

Learning to play games has been one among of the popular topics researched in AI today. Solving such problems using game theory/ search algorithms require careful domain specific feature definitions, making them averse to scalability. The goal here is to develop a more general framework to learn game specific features and solve the problem. The game we are considering for this project is the popular mobile game Flappy Bird. It involves navigating a bird through a bunch of obstacles. Though, this problem can be solved using naive RL implementation, it requires good feature definitions to set up the problem. Our goal is to develop a CNN model to learn features from just snapshots of the game and train the agent to take the right actions at each game instance.
Antioxidant and Quantitative Estimation of Phenolics and Flavonoids of Three Halophytic Plants Growing in Libya

Halophytic plants are more susceptible for oxidative stress and damage due to high contents of salt and minerals inside these plants. Therefore, self defence against this oxidative stress appeared in the high phenolics particularly, flavonoids content are abundant in these plants. Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, Limoniastrum guyonianum and Anabasis articulate are three of halophytic plants growing in Mediterranean coast of Libya and most of North African countries, were taken as example for estimating the phenolic and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant evaluation in order to understanding the effect of habitat of these plant imitation on the by-products production. Our present work suggested that, there are high relations between the qualitative and quantitative constituent of these halophytic plants which growing near to each other in the same environment.
Viscous drag of a solid sphere straddling a spherical or flat surface

The aim of this paper is to compute the friction felt by a solid particle, of radius a, located across a flat or spherical interface of radius R, and moving parallel to the interface. This spherical interface can be a molecular film around an emulsion or aerosol droplet, the membrane of a vesicle or the soap film of a foam bubble. For simplicity, the acronym VDB is used to refer to either vesicle, drop, or bubble. The theory is designed as a tool to interpret surface viscosimetry experiments involving spherical probes attached to films or model membranes, taking care of the finite-size effects when the film encompasses a finite fluid volume. The surface of the VDB is a two-dimensional fluid, characterized by dilational (ηsdil) and shear (ηssh) surface viscosities. The particle intercepts a circular disc in the interface, whose size depends on the particle penetration inside the VDB. The three-dimensional fluids inside and outside the interface may be different. The analysis holds in the low Reynolds numbe.
XXIX. An experimental investigation of the circumstances which determine whether the motion of water shall be direct or sinuous, and of the law of resistance in parallel channels

1. Objects and results of the investigation. —The results of this investigation have both a practical and a philosophical aspect. In their practical aspect they relate to the law of resistance to the motion of water in pipes, which appears in a new form, the law for all velocities and all diameters being represented by an equation of two terms. In their philosophical aspect these results relate to the fundamental principles of fluid motion; inasmuch as they afford for the case of pipes a definite verification of two principles, which are— that the general character of the motion of fluids in contact with solid surfaces depends on the relation between a physical constant of the fluid and the product of the linear dimensions of the space occupied by the fluid and the velocity.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Photo-Protective Activity Study of Bunga Kantan (Etlingera elatior) Essential Oil -

The three main objectives of this study were to evaluate the extracted essential oil in terms of total phenolic and flavonoids contents, radical scavenging activity and sun protection factor. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was determined by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity while the content of total phenol was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Aluminium chloride colorimetric method was used for flavonoid content determination while photo-protective potential was determined by using Mansur’s sun protection factor (SPF) value. The extracted essential oil was found to contain low levels of total phenolic contents (2.30±0.003 µg/g as garlic acid equivalent) and total flavonoid contents (254.99±0.64 µg/g as quercetin equivalent) respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the essential oil was 40.73%±1.32 at 200µg/ml. The Mansur’s equation of sun protective factor showed that the essential oil possesses some sun protective potentials. This study suggests that the essential oil from Etlingera elatior could be potentially used as a new source of natural antioxidant and ingredient that can be incorporated into the sunscreen cosmetic products.
Microfinance : The Impact of Nonprofit and For-Profit Status on Financial Performance and Outreach

The authors use an international data set of microfinance institutions to test whether there are significant differences between nonprofit and for-profit microfinance institutions (MFIs). They test six hypotheses that are set up to mirror the expected differences between nonprofit and for-profit MFIs based on expected differences in mission. Given that nonprofits are expected to have more of a social mission and for-profit firms to be more profit-driven, the results presented here are quite counterintuitive (though consistent with previous investigations). The authors reject all six hypotheses, finding no significant difference between nonprofit and for-profit firms in terms of gender, loan size and the number of loans outstanding, interest rates charged and proportion of risky assets. Where they do find significant differences is in terms of financial performance (e.g., profit margins, operational self-sufficiency and expenses), though nonprofit, not for-profit firms, had superior financial performance.
Impacts of 1.5-Year Field Aging on Biochar, Humic Acid, and Water Treatment Residual Amended Soil

Abstract While biochar research has progressed, there is relatively little field-scale data over time, which constrains our understandings of biochar’s “true” effects on soil quality and our ability to make appropriate recommendations to users, especially in comparison to other amendments. Thus, this study compares 2 successive years’ field-scale soil data with biochar and other amendments added to a scalped silty clay loam soil at an application rate of 0.5%. None of the amendments significantly affected any of the measured soil physicochemical properties and greenhouse gas emissions even after 1.5 years of field aging. However, some of the measured soil properties were significantly changed after the second year compared with those of the first year. On temporal scale, soil electrical conductivity and penetration resistance significantly increased under most treated soils, and soil available water capacity significantly increased only under biochar. Although no differences in soil properties were detected, there was a trend toward higher corn dry grain and biomass yields under biochar compared with those of the control. Biochar was able to reduce N2O emissions from soil, only in the first year, whereas gaseous emissions were not different from control in the rest of the experiment. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that the improvements in soil fertility due to biochar amendment were not because of changes in most of the observed physical properties of the soil, but some other effects (changes in microbial community or nutrient additions) may have controlled the crop yield. In addition, these data demonstrate that selected amendment application rate of 0.5% (wt/wt) was not sufficient to cause significant changes in most observed physical properties beyond 1.5 years of field aging, suggesting additional research using higher rate of application.
Business Model Canvas of Honey Soap Industry : Case Study at CV Madu Apiari Mutiara

The objective of this study was to design a prototype of new business model that can be used as a strategy of honey soap business development CV Madu Apiari Mutiara in the future. This research is focused on creating a new business model right through Business Model Canvas approach. The results show through the development of this business model, entrepreneurship training for students and post-graders will provide knowledge of honey derived products, as well as increasing community interest to entrepreneurship. This entrepreneurship training will increase the company's revenue and increase business competency CV Madu Apiariari Mutiara.
How flexible repayment schedules affect credit risk in agricultural microfinance

Using a unique dataset of a commercial microfinance institution in Madagascar, this paper investigates how the provision of microfinance loans with (in)flexible repayment schedules affects loan delinquencies of agricultural borrowers. Flexible repayment schedules allow a redistribution of principal payments during periods with low agricultural returns to periods when agricultural returns are high. We develop a theoretical framework and apply and estimate an econometric model for the loan repayment behavior of agricultural micro-borrowers with seasonal and non-seasonal production types. Our results reveal that delinquencies of non-seasonal farmers and seasonal farmers with inflexible repayment schedules are not significantly different from those of non-farmers. Furthermore, we find that seasonal farmers with flexible repayment schedules show significantly higher delinquencies than non-farmers in low delinquency categories, but we also find that this effect disappears in the highest delinquency category.
Providing Streaming Joins as a Service at Facebook

Stream processing applications reduce the latency of batch data pipelines and enable engineers to quickly identify production issues. Many times, a service can log data to distinct streams, even if they relate to the same real-world event (e.g., a search on Facebook's search bar). Furthermore, the logging of related events can appear on the server side with different delay, causing one stream to be significantly behind the other in terms of logged event times for a given log entry. To be able to stitch this information together with low latency , we need to be able to join two different streams where each stream may have its own characteristics regarding the degree in which its data is out-of-order . Doing so in a streaming fashion is challenging as a join operator consumes lots of memory, especially with significant data volumes. This paper describes an end-to-end streaming join service that addresses the challenges above through a streaming join operator that uses an adaptive stream synchronization algorithm that is able to handle the different distributions we observe in real-world streams regarding their event times. This synchronization scheme paces the parsing of new data and reduces overall operator memory footprint while still providing high accuracy. We have integrated this into a streaming SQL system and have successfully reduced the latency of several batch pipelines using this approach.
Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy and Its Progression to Kernicterus: Current Perspectives

php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). Research and Reports in Neonatology 2018:8 33–44 Research and Reports in Neonatology Dovepress
A Compact Design and New Structure of Monopole Antenna with Dual Band Notch Characteristic for UWB Applications

In this paper, a compact design and new structure of monopole antenna with dual band notch characteristics for UWB applications has been presented. The antenna consists of a triangular patch with C-shaped slot, two L-shaped and one split ring shaped parasitic backplane elements structure. By inserting three slots in the rectangular truncated ground plane as defected ground structures (DGSs), much wider impedance bandwidth can be produced, and moreover to improve the input matching quality of the antenna at all its operating bands which are spread in a vast frequency range, a modified stepped feed-line is employed. These changes much improves the antenna’s impedance bandwidth by 112% which covers the entire UWB bandwidth range. In order to generate single band notch characteristic, split ring shaped parasitic element backplane structure is utilized on the ground plane side of the substrate. In addition, by etching a C-shaped slot on the radiating patch, a dual band notch function is achieved. The measured frequency results show an impedance bandwidth of 3.15-10.78 GHz for a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) less than 2 with two eliminated bands placed at 3.49-3.81 GHz (320 MHz, 8.8%) and 5.24-6.22 GHz (980 MHz, 17%), which reject the WiMAX band, and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) band, respectively. A prototype was fabricated and measured based upon optimal parameters and experimental results show consistency with simulation results. The measured radiation patterns of proposed antenna for most frequencies are omnidirectional and this antenna as wide impedance bandwidth. Index Terms C-shape slot, dual band notch, monopole antenna, split ring shaped parasitic element, ultra wideband (UWB).
To mix or not to mix data collection modes in surveys.

Traditionally in social surveys and official statistics data were collected either by an interviewer visiting a respondent or through a self-administered mail questionnaire. In the second half of the twentieth century this picture changed rapidly. Telephone surveys became increasingly popular, reaching their peak in the 1990s. Advances in computer technology in the last thirty years have made computer-assisted survey methods possible, including methods for Internet and web surveys. This variety of data collection methods led to methodological questions, such as, which method to choose? which is best? Recently in survey practice multiple modes of data collection or mixed-modes have become more and more popular. In this article I will outline the advantages and disadvantages of mixed-mode survey designs, starting with an overview of common forms of mixed-mode design and discussing reasons for using more than one mode in a survey. This overview will end with a discussion of practical issues and an agenda for future research.
Facilitating the BIM coordinator and empowering the suppliers with automated data compliance checking

In projects with Building Information Modelling (BIM), the collaboration among the various actors is a very intricate and intensive process. The various suppliers and engineers provide their input in Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), which in turn is used for design coordination. However, the IFCs have to undergo an intermediate checking process to ensure compliance with various client-set and technical requirements. The paper focuses on the potential of (semi-)automatic IFC compliance checks and discusses a relevant recent initiative in the Netherlands, according to which several IFC compliance criteria were agreed among 14 contractors. This study aims to unravel the changes induced by this development not only as to the IFC compliance checks, but also as to potentially balancing the roles between the BIM coordinator and the suppliers.