Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerial Dispersal and Epiphytic Survival of Pseudomonas syringae during a Pretest for the Release of Genetically Engineered Strains into the Environment

Prospective experimental field evaluation of genetically engineered microorganisms, such as microbial pest control agents, raises issues of how to properly ascertain their fate and survival in the environment. Field trials with recombinant organisms must reflect requirements for sampling and monitoring. Field trials were conducted at Tulelake, Calif. , to monitor the numbers of viable cells of a nonrecombinant strain of Pseudomonas syringae that entered the atmosphere and landed on plants and soil during and after an aerosol spray application. An exponential decrease in numbers of viable cells deposited at increasing distances from three sprayed plots was observed. The relative rate of survival of cells sprayed directly on plants was more than 10 times higher than that of cells dispersed through the air to similar adjacent plants. Results are being used to gain experience with the characteristics of a release site that influence containment or dispersal and to develop appropriate sampling methodologies for evaluating survival and dispersal characteristics of genetically engineered bacteria released into the environment. The ability to make predictions about microbial dispersal and survival will reduce the uncertainties associated with environmental releases of recombinant organisms.
BILIARY COMPLICATIONS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

ABSTRACT Background: Biliary reconstitution has been considered the Achilles’s heel of liver transplantations due to its high rate of postoperative complications. Aim: To evaluate the risk factors for occurrence of biliary strictures and leakages, and the most efficient methods for their treatment. Method: Of 310 patients who underwent liver transplantation between 2001 and 2015, 182 medical records were retrospectively analyzed. Evaluated factors included demographic profile, type of transplantation and biliary reconstitution, presence of vascular and biliary complications, their treatment and results. Results: 153 (84.07%) deceased donor and 29 (15.93%) living donor transplantations were performed. Biliary complications occurred in 49 patients (26.92%): 28 strictures (15.38%), 14 leakages (7.7%) and seven leakages followed by strictures (3.85%). Hepatic artery thrombosis was present in 10 patients with biliary complications (20.4%; p=0,003). Percutaneous and endoscopic interventional procedures (including balloon dilation and stent insertion) were the treatment of choice for biliary complications. In case of radiological or endoscopic treatment failure, surgical intervention was performed (biliodigestive derivation or retransplantation (32.65%). Complications occurred in 25% of patients treated with endoscopic or percutaneous procedures and in 42.86% of patients reoperated. Success was achieved in 45% of patients who underwent endoscopic or percutaneous procedures and in 61.9% of those who underwent surgery. Conclusion: Biliary complications are frequent events after liver transplantation. They often require new interventions: endoscopic and percutaneous procedures at first and surgical treatment when needed. Hepatic artery thrombosis increases the number of biliary complications.
Crystal Structure of Bi(III) Complex of a Pyridine Containing Self-Assembling System

(pyda = 2,6-pyridinediamine; pydc·H2 = 2,6pyridinedicarboxylic acid), that has been recently synthesized in our laboratory is a novel self-assembling system which arises from both ion pairing and hydrgen bonding simultaneously.1 The anionic form of pydc·H2 is a rigid tridentate ligand, which is capable of forming many stable complexes with divalent transition metals.2–4 The [Ag(pydc)(pydc·H2)]·H2O, [Ni(pydc·H)2]·3H2O, and [Cu(pydc·H)2]·3H2O, complexes are some examples in this regard. Using the thermal analysis and high temperature reflectance spectroscopy, Ascenzo et al. found out that the reaction between ZnCO3 and pydc·H2 in 1:2 mole ratio, resulted in the formation of [Zn(pydc·H)2]·2H2O complex.5 Literature survey on this complex showed that no Xray crystal data has been reported to date. Here, we wish to report the synthesis and X-ray crystal data of an ionic Zn(II) complex which resulted from the reaction between LH2 and ZnCl2 in water. The Zn(II) ionic complex includes dianionic and monoanionic forms of pydc·H2 simultaneously and one pyridinum cation, as counter ion, that causes hydrogen bondings. The resulting ionic Zn(II) complex would assemble into layers by hydrogen-bonds (O–H···O–) and (+N–H···O–). Preparation: To a solution of ZnCl2 (0.124 g , 0.9 mmol) in water (20 cm3) was added a solution of LH2 (0.5 g, 1.8 mmol)1 in water (150 cm3) and the resulting light yellow solution was stirred for 15 min. After two days, light yellow crystals were obtained (Scheme 1). The crystals were collected, washed with fresh distilled water and dried. The pure light yellow blockshaped crystals [pyda·H][Zn(pydc)(pydc·H)]·3H2O (0.4101 g) were obtained in 80.7% yield. The X-ray data were collected by graphite-monochromated Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å). The crystal and experimental data are listed in Table 1. The structure was solved by direct methods using SHELXS-97.6 The non-hydrogen atoms were refined anisotropically by the full matrix least-square method. The hydrogen atoms were obtained from a difference Fourier map and some of the hydrogen atoms were included in the ideal position with fixed isotropic U values equal to 1.2 times that of the atom they are attached to. The final atomic coordinates of the non-hydrogen are listed in Table 2. The selected bond distances and angles are given in Table 3. The molecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1 together with the atom-labeling scheme. The central metal ion is coordinated by four oxygen atoms (O1, O3, O5, O7) and two nitrogen atoms (N1, N2). The two O1–Zn–O3 and O7–Zn–O5 angles are 152.65 ̊ and 151.09 ̊, respectively. This shows that the four carboxylate groups of 219 ANALYTICAL SCIENCES FEBRUARY 2002, VOL. 18 2002 © The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
Hepatocarcinogenesis in mice with a conditional knockout of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor c‐Met

The receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), c‐Met, plays a role in tumour promotion, progression and metastasis. In this study, we analysed chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice lacking a functional HGF receptor in their liver. Control and c‐Met deficient mice were injected with a single dose of N‐nitrosodiethylamine (DEN, 90 μg/g b.wt.) at 6 weeks of age and mice were subsequently kept on a phenobarbital (PB) containing diet (0.05%) for 35 weeks or on control diet. At the end of the experiment, the carcinogenic response in liver of the animals was monitored. Conditional c‐met knockout (KO) mice showed a higher prevalence of macroscopically visible liver tumours and of glutamine synthetase positive and glucose‐6‐phosphatase deficient lesions in liver. Tumour promotion by PB led to significant increases in the number of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in liver of both wild‐type and c‐met knockout mice, with only minor differences in response. Our results indicate that a defect in c‐Met‐mediated signaling increases chemically induced tumour initiation in liver but does not significantly affect PB‐mediated tumour promotion. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Obstetric dilemma on the most appropriate management of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in pregnancy: seventh case presentation, literature review and new insight

Abstract Prion diseases (PDs) are fatal neurological disorders that are thought to be caused by the accumulation of an altered variant of a benign, widely expressed protein (PrPC) into a distinct pathological conformation(s) (PrPSc). The PDs are so rare but lethal pathologies that need an early diagnosis to adequately support the infected patient. A maternal–fetal transmission during pregnancy has been supposed to be on the basis of animal studies, but till now the effective vertical transmission in humans has not been proved. We present a case of infected pregnant woman with a peculiar pregnancy course and outcome. We also provided a systematic literature review to find the best obstetrical management of women affected by prionic disease during pregnancy. The available data underline the potential risk of prenatal and postnatal transmission of the disease but do not permit to define the exact molecular mechanism of transmission, the best follow-up and recommendations that are useful in both obstetrical and neonatal practice. At present awaiting for further clarifications about this topic, it is mandatory to personalize the management of this rare pregnancy complication according to the maternal–fetal well-being status.
On the Apparent Paradox of Learning and Realism

This article first summarizes how the definition of perception as the detection of information follows from the assumption of realism (e.g., Shaw, Turvey, & Mace, 1982). The realist position appears to be inconsistent with the empirical finding that novice perceivers often use nonspecifying variables and converge on the use of information only after practice with feedback (e.g., Michaels & de Vries, 1998). We argue that the appearance of inconsistency is due to the application and evaluation of realist principles beyond the scale of phenomena to which they apply. If the relevant principles are considered at the appropriate scales, convergence on information and realism imply each other. We also argue that the possibility of convergence and the associated use of nonspecifying variables should always be considered in the analyses of experimental results, especially if the information-granting constraints prevailing in the experiment are different from those prevailing in natural ecologies.
Ecoepidemiological aspects of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

The aim of this study is to review some of the ecoepidemiological aspects of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. During the first half of this century ACL occurred in São Paulo, predominantly on the bank of the Tietê River, where there were railroad constructions and there was inevitable contact between workers and forested areas. Man's activities resulted in a drastic reduction of the forested regions of the State and molded the present landscape found in São Paulo, which brought a gradual change in the epidemiology of ACL during this century. Currently ACL can be considered as an endemic disease. Nowadays, ACL is found in different regions of São Paulo State, and is no longer limited to the bank of the Tietê River. The disease occurs in all age groups and sexes. Lack of knowledge about wild reservoir hosts of Leishmania (V.) braziliensis has simulated speculation about the possible role played by domestic animals (dogs and equines). Man's activities also favoured Lutzomyia intermedia a sandfly species which can clearly thrive in changed environments. L. (V.) braziliensis continues to be transmitted, even after decades of forest destruction in São Paulo.
Belief-level markers of physical activity among young adult couples: Comparisons across couples without children and new parents

The health benefits of regular moderate–vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) are well established, yet young adults, particularly parents, often show declines in MVPA and may represent a critical population for intervention. Theory-based correlates used to guide future interventions are scant in this population. The purpose of this study was to examine theory of planned behaviour (TPB) belief-level constructs as correlates of directly assessed MVPA across cohorts of couples without children and with their first child over the initial 12 months. Participants were 238 adults (102 not expecting a child, 136 expecting first child) who completed baseline demographics, belief measures of the TPB and seven-day accelerometry, followed by assessments at 6 and 12 months. Results showed select medium-sized belief-PA correlations with sex and cohort interactions. Overall, women had larger affect-based behavioural belief associations with MVPA than men (e.g. PA relieves stress), and among new parents, mothers showed larger associations with control over MVPA than fathers. Mothers also had larger associations between control beliefs and MVPA compared to women without children (e.g. domestic duties, bad weather). Extremely high means and low variability on the behavioural beliefs show limited room for possible changes in intervention while control beliefs had low means suggesting room for change. Interventions targeting control among new mothers may be paramount for increasing MVPA, yet the TPB yielded less insight into the targets for promoting MVPA among young men.
Actividades enzimáticas de levaduras no Saccharomyces para su aplicación enológica

El estudio de los procesos microbianos involucrados en la elaboracion de vino, al margen de la bien conocida fermentacion alcoholica, ha dado lugar a una extensa linea de investigacion con las levaduras llamadas no Saccharomyces como centro de interes. El conocimiento sobre el potencial enzimatico de las levaduras no Saccharomyces constituye un pilar fundamental que sustenta su interes en Enologia para la mejora de las propiedades tecnologicas y sensoriales de los vinos elaborados en la industria.
Critical Steady-State Response of Single-Degree-of-Freedom Bilinear Hysteretic System under Multi Impulse as Substitute of Long-Duration Ground Motion

A set of multiple impulses is introduced as a substitute of many-cycle harmonic waves which represent the long-duration earthquake ground motion. A closed-form expression is derived of the elastic-plastic response of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structure with bilinear hysteresis under the ‘critical multiple impulse input’. As in the case of elastic-perfectly plastic models, an advantageous feature can be used such that only the free-vibration exists under the multiple ground motion impulse and the energy balance approach plays a key role in the derivation of the closed-form expression of a complicated elastic-plastic response. It is demonstrated that the critical inelastic maximum deformation and the corresponding critical impulse timing can be obtained depending on the input level. The validity and accuracy of the proposed theory are confirmed through the comparison with the response analysis to the corresponding sine wave as a representative of the long-duration earthquake ground motion.
A Comparative Study of the Lateral Crus of Alar Cartilages in Unilateral Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity

&NA; To confirm whether or not the alar cartilage of the unilateral cleft lip nose is primarily hypoplastic as compared with the noncleft side, 35 unilateral cleft lip nasal patients who had no previous nasal surgery underwent direct measurement of the lateral crus of alar cartilage on both sides during their nasal tip plasties. Both lower lateral cartilages were dissected freely, and the thickness was measured at the intercrural, middle, and distal portions. The width was measured at the widest portion, and the length was measured from the intercrural point to the distal end. Two‐mm‐punch biopsies were obtained from each cartilage for histologic study. The lateral crus of the cleft side was no smaller than that of the noncleft side. Histologically, no difference was ascertained. In conclusion, we think the lateral crus of the alar cartilage of the cleft side is not hypoplastic. Therefore, external factors such as soft‐tissue defect or external abnormal vector force are more attributable than intrinsic factors to the development of cleft lip nasal deformity.
The conserved ciliary protein Bug22 controls planar beating of Chlamydomonas flagella

ABSTRACT Eukaryotic flagella and cilia can exhibit planar and non-planar beating, and the mechanism controlling these beating patterns is not well understood. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagella beat in approximately the same plane with either an asymmetric ciliary-type or symmetric flagellar-type waveform. Each B-tubule of the number 1, 5 and 6 doublets of the flagellar axoneme possesses a beak-like structure. The number 5 and 6 beak structures are implicated in conversion of ciliary motion into flagellar motion. Here, we show that in a null mutant of Bug22, the asymmetric ciliary waveform is converted into a three-dimensional (non-planar) symmetric flagellar waveform. Bug22 is localized to approximately the proximal half to two-thirds of the flagellum, similar to localization of beak-like structures. However, as shown by immunogold labeling, Bug22 associates with axonemal microtubules without apparent preference for any particular doublets. Interestingly, bug22 mutants lack all beak-like structures. We propose that one function of Bug22 is to regulate the anchoring of the beak-like structures to the doublet microtubules and confine flagellar beating to a plane.
URL Based Gateway Side Phishing Detection Method

Phishing attack has become the most dangerous form of fraud to hit online and mobile businesses. In this paper, we reveal some new aspects of the common features that appear in the phishing URLs, and introduce a statistical machine learning classifier to detect the phishing sites which relies on these selected features. Unlike previous studies, we do not utilize a single model for different regions since the result of our analysis shows that the features in different phishing domains have mismatched distributions. As it is impossible for us to recollect enough data and rebuild the models, we adjust the existing model by the transfer learning algorithm to solve these problems. A number of comprehensive experiments show that our proposed method achieves more than 93% accuracy over a balanced dataset and less than 1% error rates in the simulated real phishing scene. Moreover, the well performance in the target domain demonstrates the use of transfer learning algorithm in the anti-phishing scenario is feasible.
The Measurement of Verbal Working Memory Capacity and Its Relation to Reading Comprehension

Ninety-four subjects were tested on the Daneman and Carpenter (1980) reading span task, four versions of a related sentence span task in which reaction times and accuracy on sentence processing were measured along with sentence-final word recall, two number generation tasks designed to test working memory, digit span, and two shape-generation tasks designed to measure visual-spatial working memory. Forty-four subjects were retested on a subset of these measures at a 3-month interval. All subjects were tested on standard vocabulary and reading tests. Correlational analyses showed better internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the sentence span tasks than of the Daneman-Carpenter reading span task. Factor analysis showed no factor that could be related to a central verbal working memory; rotated factors suggested groupings of tests into factors that correspond to digit related tasks, spatial tasks, sentence processing in sentence span tasks, and recall in sentence span tasks. Correlational analyses and regression analyses showed that the sentence processing component of the sentence span tasks was the best predictor of performance on the reading test, with a small independent contribution of the recall component. The results suggest that sentence span tasks are unreliable unless measurements are made of both their sentence processing and recall components, and that the predictive value of these tasks for reading comprehension abilities lies in the overlap of operations rather than in limitations in verbal working memory that apply to both.
Usefulness of a Simplified Management Scheme for Paraclinoid Aneurysms Based on a Modified Classification

Background: Our objective was to set up a management-oriented classification for paraclinoid aneurysms, and then design and apply a simplified management scheme according to each group defined by this classification. Methods: Paraclinoid aneurysms were classified as group I (supraophthalmic artery), group II (ophthalmic artery) and group III (infraophthalmic artery) aneurysms intradurally. Between January 2005 and December 2006, 86 cases with 89 paraclinoid aneurysms were treated. There were 35 (40.2%) aneurysms in group I (20 in group Ia, 15 in group Ib), 32 (36.8%) in group II and 20 (23%) in group III. Results: In group I aneurysms, 20 (57.1%) were treated by clipping or/and wrapping, while 15 (42.9%) were managed by coiling. In group II aneurysms, 20 (62.5%) were treated by clipping and 12 (37.5%) by coiling. The contralateral approach was performed for 4 (6%) aneurysms in groups I and II. All 20 group III aneurysms were treated by coiling. The overall rate of permanent complications was 4.6%. The rate of complete occlusion was 92.5% in surgical cases and 55.6% in endovascular ones. The overall outcomes in the treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms were excellent (GOS = 5, 95.4%). Conclusion: Based on our modified classification of paraclinoid aneurysms, a simplified management scheme was designed and applied. For group I (supraophthalmic artery) and group II (ophthalmic artery) aneurysms, surgical clipping or/and wrapping should be the first choice of treatment, while for group III (infraophthalmic artery) aneurysms, endovascular coiling should be the best modality. Additionally, individualizing the treatment planning might contribute to better results.
Is the locally best invariant test uniformly most powerful for a wider class of invariant tests?

In the context of a general regression model in which some regression coefficients are of interest and others are purely nuisance parameters, Bhowmik and King (5) constructed the locally best invariant (LBI) test against one-sided alternatives. This paper investigates whether this LBI test is uniformly most powerful invariant (UMPI) or not through simulation results. A test that is locally best invariant against one-sided alternative hypotheses is found to be uniformly most powerful invariant (UMPI) in a wider class of tests than the invariant tests for the standard F test. The results of a simulation study conducted to prove that the LBI test is UMPI are presented. Through simulation results this study proves that the LBI test is UMPI.
( 1945-1989 ) : His Contribution to Research on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cats 1

John Rivers was a remarkable person, with enormous courage and a very generous spirit. He made a significant and long-lasting impact on the sci ence of nutrition, disaster relief and the lives of those with whom he worked. His contribution to the under standing of the essential fatty acid requirements and metabolism in the cat while working at the Nuffield Institute of Comparative Medicine is described in this paper, together with background information on the polyunsaturated fatty acid research undertaken in the Biochemistry Department at the Institute. J. Nutr. 124: 2513S-2519S, 1994.
Sensitivity and specificity of seizure‐onset zone estimation by ictal magnetoencephalography

Purpose: Ictal video–electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used to establish ictal onset‐zone location. Recently software development has enabled systematic studies of ictal magnetoencephalography (MEG). In this article, we evaluate the ability of ictal MEG signals to localize the seizure‐onset zone.