Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting response to amitriptyline in posttraumatic stress disorder.

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the relation between baseline clinical phenomena and response to amitriptyline in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD Data were obtained from an 8-week placebo-controlled, double-blind study of combat veterans. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were used to evaluate the relations between the following variables and outcome: age, depression, anxiety, severity of PTSD symptoms, personality, psychiatric comorbidity, level of exposure to trauma, and individual symptoms of depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress. Outcome measures were scores on the Clinical Global Impression scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, and Impact of Event Scale. RESULTS Drug response was related to lower baseline levels of depression, neuroticism, combat intensity, anxious mood, impaired concentration, somatic symptoms, feelings of guilt, and one intrusion and four avoidance symptoms of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that response to amitriptyline is related to measures of depression, anxiety, PTSD, personality, and intensity of combat trauma. Similar relationships were not observed in the placebo group, suggesting a specific relationship to the drug.
Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) Is Regulated by Wnt and Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Signaling in Osteoblast Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells*

Osteoblast lineage-specific differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells is a well regulated but poorly understood process. Both bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and Wnt signaling are implicated in regulating osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here we analyzed the expression profiles of mesenchymal stem cells stimulated with Wnt3A and osteogenic BMPs, and we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as a potential target of Wnt and BMP signaling. We confirmed the microarray results, and we demonstrated that CTGF was up-regulated at the early stage of BMP-9 and Wnt3A stimulations and that Wnt3A-regulated CTGF expression was β-catenin-dependent. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CTGF expression significantly diminished BMP-9-induced, but not Wnt3A-induced, osteogenic differentiation, suggesting that Wnt3A may also regulate osteoblast differentiation in a CTGF-independent fashion. However, constitutive expression of CTGF was shown to inhibit both BMP-9- and Wnt3A-induced osteogenic differentiation. Exogenous expression of CTGF was shown to promote cell migration and recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells. Our findings demonstrate that CTGF is up-regulated by Wnt3A and BMP-9 at the early stage of osteogenic differentiation, which may regulate the proliferation and recruitment of osteoprogenitor cells; however, CTGF is down-regulated as the differentiation potential of committed pre-osteoblasts increases, strongly suggesting that tight regulation of CTGF expression may be essential for normal osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
Parental Identification of Early Behavioural Abnormalities in Children with Autistic Disorder

The aim of the study was to identify early behavioural abnormalities in children later diagnosed with autistic disorder. Accurate identification of such deficits has implications for early diagnosis, intervention and prognosis. The parents of 153 children with autistic disorder completed a questionnaire asking them to describe early childhood behaviours of concern and to recall the age of onset. Core deficit-linked behaviours were then identified and the ontogeny of their development was noted. Behaviour categories were: (1) gross motor difficulties, (2) social awareness and play deficits, (3) language and communication difficulties, and (4) unusual preoccupations. The findings supported the notion that the nature and prevalence of these deficits depend on age. Consistent with past research, there was a significant interval between parents first noticing abnormalities and the making of a definitive diagnosis. The implications for this delay are discussed.
Leveraging Limits for Contract Professionals

How do contract professionals seek to control their working time? Here, the authors identify boundary work strategies through which contractors—both shift workers and project workers—maintain distinctions from employees with standard jobs. Drawing from interviews with contractors in three occupations, the authors identify sources of leverage for control of working time in payment systems, outsider status, and occupational networks. These structures allow contractors to reinforce boundaries between contract and standard employment and resist the overtime and overwork associated with standard jobs. Boundary work between contingent workers and employees may therefore generate inequalities of control, with implications for workers, managers, and organizations.
THE QUANTITATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMUNE SERUM AND INFECTIVE DOSE OF PARASITES AS DEMONSTRATED BY THE PROTECTION TEST IN MONKEY MALARIA

The minimal infective dose of Plasmodium knowlesi for rhesus monkeys was found in this study to be between 1 and 10 parasites when injected intraperitoneally. As the dose of parasites is increased, the length of time prior to the appearance of circulating parasites is decreased. However, the severity of the infection once it is established is independent of the initial dose of parasites. In passive protection experiments a quantitative relationship was demonstrated between the number of parasites in the inoculum and the effective amount of immune serum given at the time of infection and in equal doses daily for 9 days thereafter. The smaller the inoculum, the less the quantity of immune serum required to prevent the death of the animal. When relatively large amounts of immune sera and small numbers of parasites were used in the protection experiment, infection was prevented.
Central haemodynamics, baroreceptor sensitivity and alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated vascular reactivity during weight-stable sodium restriction in obese men with hypertension.

Ten obese men (20-40% overweight) with previously untreated arterial hypertension (WHO stages I and II) were examined before and during sodium-restricted isocaloric diets. The mean (+/- s.d.) daily sodium excretion was reduced from 199 +/- 65 to +/- 25 mmol/24 h. Intra-arterial blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO), plasma volume, circulating and urinary noradrenaline (NA), plasma renin activity (PRA) and urinary aldosterone were measured. Vascular reactivity was assessed with intravenous bolus injections of 50, 100 and 200 micrograms phenylephrine, and baroreflex sensitivity was assessed with the R-R interval response to pressure elevations on electrocardiogram. Significant reductions in systolic BP from 163 +/- 18 to 147 +/- 17 mmHg and in diastolic BP from 97 +/- 7 to 88 +/- 9 mmHg occurred during salt restriction. Blood pressure reductions were correlated with changes of urinary sodium excretion (r = 0.71; P less than 0.05). No significant changes in CO, heart rate (HR) or stroke volume (SV) were observed; therefore, BP reduction was secondary to the fall in total peripheral resistance (TPR) from 21.8 +/- 4.1 to 19.0 +/- 4.1 units (P = 0.05). Plasma volume, as well as total blood volume, was not affected by the moderate sodium restriction, but PRA rose from 0.71 +/- 0.1 to 0.87 +/- 0.1 micrograms angiotensin 1/ml per h (P less than 0.05). Urinary aldosterone was increased from 32 +/- 12 to 54 +/- 9 nmol/24 h. No change in venous or arterial concentrations of NA or of urinary NA was observed. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Melanocytic matricoma: a report of two cases of a new entity.

Many reports exist of pigmented adnexal tumors containing dendritic melanocytes such as pigmented basal cell carcinomas and pigmented pilomatricomas. Correspondingly, melanocytes are a known component of the bulbs of anagen follicles. The phenomenon of melanization of adnexal tumors highlights the interrelationship between melanocytes and adnexal epithelium and may represent normal melanocytes colonizing a neoplastic proliferation. We report on two cases of a unique tumor composed of neoplastic matrical cells with a significant component of melanocytes. Both cases presented as pigmented papules in older men (66 and 80 years, forearm and pectoral region, respectively). Histologically, these were well-defined nodular proliferations composed of variably melanized, pleomorphic, and mitotically active matrical and supramatrical cells forming clusters of "shadow cells. " Admixed with the epithelial cells were numerous melanized dendritic melanocytes. Shadow cells expressed keratin 13, and a subpopulation of S-100 protein-positive dendritic cells were evident. No recurrence of any type was found after reexcisions 4 months and 2 years later. We propose the name of melanocytic matricoma for these two heretofore unreported cases of a unique neoplasm composed of matrical cells and melanocytes recapitulating epithelial-melanocyte interaction in the follicular anagen bulb. Although their small size, circumscription and clinical course suggest a benign nature, melanocytic matricomas' cytologic atypia disclose the potential for malignant behavior.
Deinterlacing algorithm using edge direction from analysis of the DCT coefficient distribution

We propose a single-field deinterlacing algorithm with compressed domain edge direction information (CD-EDI). This algorithm was verified using the DCT coefficient distributions and pixel domain edge direction information (PD-EDI) in conjunction with an analysis of the neighboring pixels. The CD-EDI, which was calculated in the DCT domain, was first addressed, so that we could categorize the edge direction. We studied the distribution of DCT coefficients in a DCT-encoded block by taking into account the orientations of the four edge directions: 0 (horizontal), pi/4 (increase diagonal), iquest/2 (vertical), and 3pi/4 (decrease diagonal). In addition, we studied the PD-EDI, which we acquired by identifying the small pixel variations at the six edge directions. On the basis of an edge-based line average algorithm, a PDEDI was established within the operation window in order to lower the frequency of false judgments about the edge direction where a deinterlacing would be made. Finally, we propose an edge direction confidence (EDC) conception for each missing pixel, which is capable of revealing the accuracy of the edge detection. Since fuzzy sets can be represented by a membership function (MF), we used Gaussian MF to find EDC. The proposed algorithm has a simple EDC-evaluating structure of low complexity, which therefore makes it easy for implementation in hardware. In the extensive simulations conducted for different test sequences, the proposed algorithm outperformed all of the other state-of-the-art deinterlacing methods.
Tir phosphorylation and Nck/N‐WASP recruitment by enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli during ex vivo colonization of human intestinal mucosa is different to cell culture models

Tir, the translocated intimin receptor of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC and EHEC) and Citrobacter rodentium, is translocated into the host cell by a filamentous type III secretion system. Epithelial cell culture has demonstrated that Tir tyrosine phosphorylation is necessary for attaching effacing (A/E) lesion formation by EPEC and C. rodentium, but is not required by EHEC O157:H7. Recent in vivo work on C. rodentium has reported that Tir translocation, but not its phosphorylation, is necessary for colonization of the mouse colon. In this study we investigated the involvement of Tir and its tyrosine phosphorylation in EPEC and EHEC human intestinal colonization, N‐WASP accumulation and F‐actin recruitment using in vitro organ culture (IVOC). We showed that both EPEC and EHEC Tir are translocated into human intestinal epithelium during IVOC and that Tir is necessary for ex vivo intestinal colonization by both EPEC and EHEC. EPEC, but not EHEC, Tir is tyrosine phosphorylated but Tir phosphorylation‐deficient mutants still colonize intestinal explants. While EPEC Tir recruits the host adaptor protein Nck to initiate N‐WASP‐Arp2/3‐mediated actin polymerization, Tir derivatives deficient in tyrosine phosphorylation recruit N‐WASP independently of Nck indicating the presence of a tyrosine phosphorylation‐independent mechanism of A/E lesion formation and actin recruitment ex vivo by EPEC in man.
Chinese as a Foreign Language Curriculum Reform

Curriculum reform is the building of professional Chinese as a foreign language is an important aspect to determine the subjects of development and personnel training requirements of the key factors.At present,Chinese as a Foreign Language under reasonable professional curriculum,course features sharp enough.Should first of all disciplines from the start position,and actively optimizing the curriculum,teaching at the same time should highlight the principle of comparison and contrast in order to highlight the characteristics of Chinese as a foreign language professional,and personnel training to enhance the core competitiveness.
What makes a place? Building bespoke place dependent object detectors for robotics

This paper is about enabling robots to improve their perceptual performance through repeated use in their operating environment, creating local expert detectors fitted to the places through which a robot moves. We leverage the concept of ‘experiences’ in visual perception for robotics, accounting for bias in the data a robot sees by fitting object detector models to a particular ‘place'. The key question we seek to answer in this paper is simply: how do we define a place? We build bespoke pedestrian detector models for autonomous driving, highlighting the necessary trade off between generalisation and model capacity as we vary the extent of the ‘place’ we fit to. We demonstrate a sizeable performance gain over a current state-of-the-art detector when using computationally lightweight bespoke place-fitted detector models.
Effectiveness of the 2012/13 Trivalent Live and Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Children and Adolescents in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany: A Test-Negative Case-Control Study

A live attenuated influenza vaccine has been available in Germany since the influenza season 2012/13, which is approved for children aged 2-17 years. Using data from our laboratory-based surveillance system, we described the circulation of influenza and non-influenza respiratory viruses during the influenza season 2012/13 in Saxony-Anhalt. We estimated the effectiveness of live and inactivated trivalent influenza vaccines in preventing laboratory-confirmed cases among children and adolescents. From week 40/2012 to 19/2013, sentinel paediatricians systematically swabbed acute respiratory illness patients for testing of influenza and 5 non-influenza viruses by PCR. We compared influenza cases and influenza-negative controls. Among children aged 2-17 years, we calculated overall and vaccine type-specific effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed influenza, stratified by age group (2-6; 7-17 years). We used multivariable logistic regression to adjust estimates for age group, sex and month of illness. Out of 1,307 specimens, 647 (35%) were positive for influenza viruses and 189 (15%) for at least one of the tested non-influenza viruses. For vaccine effectiveness estimation, we included 834 patients (mean age 7.3 years, 53% males) in our analysis. Of 347 (42%) influenza-positive specimens, 61 (18%) were positive for A(H1N1)pdm09, 112 (32%) for A(H3N2) and 174 (50%) for influenza B virus. The adjusted overall vaccine effectiveness including both age groups was 38% (95% CI: 0.8-61%). The adjusted effectiveness for inactivated vaccines was 37% (95% CI: -35-70%) and for live vaccines 84% (95% CI: 45-95%). Effectiveness for the live vaccine was higher in 2-6 year-old children (90%, 95% CI: 20-99%) than in children aged 7-17 years (74%, 95% CI: -32-95%). Our study of the strong influenza season in 2012/13 suggests a high preventive effect of live attenuated influenza vaccine especially among young children, which could not be reached by inactivated vaccines. We recommend the use of live attenuated influenza vaccines in children unless there are contraindications.
Gendered divisions of military labour in the British armed forces

Abstract This paper examines statistical data on the employment of women in the British armed forces. It reviews some of the issues shaping debates about women’s military employment, in order to establish the on-going significance of the topic. It looks at patterns of female military employment across the three services, and places discussion of this in the context of observations about gendered divisions of labour in the wider UK labour market. It examines data for the gendered divisions of labour within different corps, branches and occupational groups within each of the three armed services, and looks at gender patterns across ranks. It concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for both policy and conceptual work on women’s military participation.
[Protective effect of acupuncture preconditioning on oxidative stress injury induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats].

OBJECTIVE To observe the protective effect of acupuncture preconditioning at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) on acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in the rats and explore the mechanism. METHODS Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a Jiaji group, a Neiguan group and a Quchi group, 10 rats in each one. In the Jiaji group, the Neiguan group and the Quchi group, electroacupuncture was given for preconditioning at "Jiaji" T4~T5 (EX-B 2), "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Quchi" (LI 11) for 7 days before modeling. In the control group and the model group, the regular feeding was given, without any acupuncture. At the end of acupuncture, except the control group, ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was adopted to duplicate MIRI models in the rest groups. Electrocardio-gram (ECG) was monitored and ST-segment shift was analyzed. HE staining method was adopted to observe the morphology of cardiac tissue in the rats of the groups. The transmission electron microscope was used to observe myocardial cell ultrastructure. WST-1 method was used to determine the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), TBA method was used to determine the content of serum malondialehyde (MDA) and the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method to determine the expressions of Nrf 2 in ischemic myocardial tissue and downstream HO-1 gene. RESULTS Compared with the control group, after LAD ligation, ST-segment was elevated and depressed in ECG apparently after reperfusion in the rest groups (all P<0.05). The ST-segment elevation in the Jiaji group and the Neiguan group was less than that in the model group (both P<0.05). Compared with the model group, SOD activity was increased apparently in the Jiaji group and the Neiguan group (both P<0.05), and MDA content was reduced apparently (both P<0.05). The effects in the Jiaji group were better than those in the Neiguan group (both P<0.05). Pathologically, "Jiajia" (EX-B 2) and "Neiguan" (PC 6) all improved the morphology of cardiac tissue and cell ultrastructure. The effects in the Jiaji group were much more significant and the improvements in the Quchi group were not apparent. Compared with the control group, the expressions of Nrf 2 and HO-1 gene in myocardial tissue were down-regulated in the model group (both P<0.05). Those were up-regulated apparently in the Jiaji group and the Neiguan group as compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The up-regulation times of the expressions of Nrf 2 and HO-1 gene in the Jiajia group were the highest in comparison. CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture preconditioning at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) has the protective effect on cardiac ischemia and reperfusion damage, which is probably relevant with the up-regulation of Nrf 2-ARE pathway expression, the activation of endogenous anti-oxidative pathway, the improvement of oxygen free radical scavenging capacity and the alleviation of lipid peroxide damage.
Asymptomatic radiation-induced telangiectasia in children after cranial irradiation: frequency, latency, and dose relation.

PURPOSE To determine the frequency, dose relation, and latency of radiation-induced telangiectasias in children after cranial irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors identified 90 children who had undergone cranial irradiation between 1981 and 2001 and undergone magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with follow-up for at least 6 months. Patients were assigned to low-dose (LD) and high-dose (HD) groups. All 24 children in the LD group received a radiation dose of 18.0 or 19.8 Gy. The 66 patients in the HD group received a dose of 32.0 Gy or greater. Telangiectasias were defined as small low-signal-intensity foci on intermediate- or T2-weighted MR images. For the patients who underwent serial MR imaging, the first depicted appearance of each telangiectatic lesion was recorded. Statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS Telangiectasias in at least one area were observed in 18 (20%) patients. The frequency of telangiectasia was 13% (three of 24 patients) in the LD group as compared with 23% (15 of 66 patients) in the HD group; this difference was not significant (P =.22, Fisher exact test). In 12 patients (one from LD and 11 from HD group) who underwent serial MR imaging follow-up for up to 10 years (mean, 8.1 years), a total of 31 lesions were detected. Twelve (39%) of these lesions were detected by the 3rd year, and 21 (68%) were evident by the 5th year. Six (50%) of the 12 patients who underwent serial MR imaging had telangiectatic foci after 5 years. CONCLUSION Radiation-induced telangiectasia appears to occur in at least 20% of children who undergo cranial irradiation. In this small series, higher radiation dose was not significantly associated with higher frequency of telangiectasia, although there was a trend in this direction.
Tracking Performance of a Recoverable Flight Control System in Neutron Environments

This paper analyzes the output tracking performance of a Boeing 737 aircraft in closed loop with a Recoverable Computer System (RCS) operating in a high intensity neutron environment at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. A stochastic hybrid model, validated by simulated-neutron experiments done at the NASA Langley Research Center, is used to theoretically predict the outcome of the experiment. In particular, this model predicts and the data confirms that the recoverable digital flight control system, when functioning as designed, will provide accurate output tracking performance in the presence of neutron-induced single-event upsets (SEUs) at normal atmospheric levels.