Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Nurse's Health Promoting Behavior: Focusing on Self-efficacy and Emotional Labor

Purpose: This study examined self-efficacy, emotional labor, and health promoting behaviors. It also investigated factors affecting health promoting behaviors of nurses working for tertiary and general hospital. Methods: Between June and July 2013, a convenience sample of 233 subjects was collected from 2 tertiary hospitals and 4 general hospitals. The data analysis was done with ANOVA, t-test and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Emotional labor of the subjects was slightly lower than that of other nurses and the average level of health promoting behaviors was lower than the median. Health promoting behaviors were differentiated by education, hospital type, and monthly income. Self-efficacy showed positive correlation with HPLP-Ⅱ, but emotional labor showed negative correlation with self-efficacy and HPLP-Ⅱ. The most significant factor affecting health promoting behaviors was self regulation(16.3%). The combination of self regulation, attentiveness to required display rules, BSN, preference to task difficulty, and monthly income(≥300) accounted for 25.4% of health promoting behavior. Attentiveness to required display rules was a negative factor of HPLP-Ⅱ. Conclusion: When developing health promotion programs for nurses, self-efficacy should be considered and further research is needed to identify mediating variables between emotional labor and health promoting behaviors.
Improving the Eco-system of Passwords

Yang, Weining PhD, Purdue University, August 2016. Improving the Eco-system of Passwords. Major Professor: Ninghui Li. Password-based authentication is perhaps the most widely used method for user authentication. Passwords are both easy to understand and use, and easy to implement. With these advantages, password-based authentication is likely to stay as an important part of security in the foreseeable future. One major weakness of password-based authentication is that many users tend to choose weak passwords that are easy to guess. In this dissertation, we address the challenge and improve the eco-system of passwords in multiple aspects. Firstly, we provide methodologies that help password research. To be more specific, we propose Probability Threshold Graphs, which is superior to Guess Number Graphs when comparing password models and password datasets. We also introduce rich literature of statistical language modeling into password modeling and show that if used correctly, whole-string Markov models outperform Probabilistic Context Free Grammar models. Secondly, we improve password policies and practice used by websites by studying how to best check weak passwords. We model different password strength checking methods as Password Ranking Algorithms (PRAs), and introduce two methods for comparing different PRAs: the β-Residual Strength Graph and the Normalized β-Residual Strength Graph. Finally, we examine the security and usability of commonly suggested password generation strategies. We find that for mnemonic sentence-based strategies, differences in the exact instructions have a tremendous impact on the security level of the resulting passwords. For word-based strategies, security of the resulting passwords mainly depends on the number of words required, and requiring at least 3 words is likely to result in passwords stronger than the general passwords chosen by typical users.
Antioxidant Vitamins Status of Hypertensive Subjects in Sokoto, Nigeria

There is increased evidence that hypertension is associated with increased levels of oxidative stress markers. The current work aimed to estimate blood pressure, vitamins A, C, and E levels in 54 hypertensives attending the outpatient clinic of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria and the results compared with those of apparently healthy nonhypertensive volunteers of comparable age and social status. Blood pressure and Serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E were 161.3±23.0/104±14.0mmHg, 25.8±6.6 μg/dL, 0.40 ± 0.2 mg/dL, 0.40 ± 0.1 mg/dL and 123.1 ± 12.3/82.9 ± 9.2 mmHg, 40.3 ± 6.3 μg/dL, 0.7 ± 0.2 mg/dL and 1.0 ± 0.4 mg/dL in hypertensives and non-hypertensive subjects respectively. There was significantly (P<0.05) increased levels of blood pressure and significantly (P<0.05) decreased levels of antioxidant vitamins in hypertensives. Most (80%) of the hypertensives have deficient serum levels of the vitamins. The results suggest that the hypertensives in the study area have low serum levels of antioxidant vitamins, an indication that the hypertensives are predisposed to increased oxidative onslaught. Keywords: Hypertension, blood pressure, serum vitamins A, C, and E.
Successful students: does the library make a difference?

One of the most important products of the academic endeavour is students’ success in their courses of study. However, despite various attempts over the years, it has seldom been possible to demonstrate conclusively that undergraduate library use significantly contributes to student success. Four studies which document improvement in academic performance as outcome measures of library services are discussed. Research conducted at the University of Cape Town is reported, from which it emerges that students of the humanities who do well in their exams, tend to borrow more books from the library than poor students.
Health professionals discussion of dementia with older adults : an application of the theory of planned behaviour

This study investigates the factors which might influence health professionals decision whether or not to discuss with the older adults the implications of their progressive memory problems (dementia). Previous research suggests that few older adults with a diagnosis of dementia are informed of their diagnosis (Rice & Warner, 1994; Wolff, Woods & Reid, 1995). Whilst one study found that the majority of people with dementia said that they wished to know their diagnosis (Wolff et al., 1995). A questionnaire was developed, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, to elicit factors which might predict health professionals' choice of whether to discuss with older adults the implications of their dementia. Reliability was demonstrated by the questionnaire, and it was completed by 184 health professionals (namely, nurses and clinical psychologists). The results indicated that most participants would be likely to discuss dementia with older adults they work with (72-82 percent). The relative importance of the Theory of Planned Behaviour components and the anxiety component were, in descending order: subjective norm, anxiety, and perceived behavioural control. Gender and profession did not significantly influence the results. The more experienced participants had of working with older adults with progressive memory problems, the more likely they were to choose to discuss the implications of dementia with the clients. Clinical implications such as facilitating a culture change, methodological issues and avenues for future research are discussed.
Effect of MMP-13 Levels on Disease Modifying Antirheumaticdrugs (DMARDS) and Corticosteroids on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With Chronic Periodontitis-A Biochemical Analysis

To investigate the effect of anti-rheumatic DMARD and anti-inflammatory steroids in rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic Periodontitis and also to estimate the levels of inflammatory biomarker MMP-13 in rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic Periodontitis. A total of 90 subjects participated in the study. They were divided into three groups, Group I30 RA patients with CP who are consuming DMARD medications, Group II30 RA patients with CP who are consuming steroids and Group III30 population controls. The medications used by the rheumatoid arthritis patients were confirmed by a rheumatologist from the patients clinical records, based on the duration of the diseases, use of DMARDs, use of steroids , serological markers of RA, ACPA (anti-citrullinated peptide antibody), RF(rheumatoid factor) and no of swollen tender joints were determined. The Disease activity score(DAS 28) was calculated from the no of tender and swollen joints (28 joint count). Subsequent analysis for mmp-13 was done by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum MMP -13 levels in the serum of the healthy control group had significantly lower mean and standard deviation when compared to group I and II. The MMP-13 levels were higher in patients taking DMARDs when compared with the patients on steroid medications, which were statistically significant (P <0.001). In our study, MMP-13 levels are raised in DMARD group and decreased in the corticosteroid group with an increase in the periodontal parameters such as pocket depth and CAL. The possibility of periodontal destruction would have happened much before and the treatment on steroids would have lead to remission, thereby reduction in the MMP13 levels was noted.
Assessment of musculoskeletal symptoms in academics in full‑time and part-time courses

Introduction: Musculoskeletal symptoms are affections, with or without tissue degeneration, that may present itself in many forms and be presented together with other multiple symptoms. Until the present moment its etiology is multifactorial and its pathological picture presents a great social relevance due to its coverage and magnitude. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in academics of full time (daytime) and part-time (nighttime) courses of UNICENTRO. Methods: 120 students of both courses participate in this study and in order to select the individuals there was utilize the method of proportional stratified sampling. Standardized Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms and the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) as a way of pain identification were used. Results: Through observation of the results obtained by the questionnaires it was noticed a high prevalence of the symptoms in the analyzed academics, being 49% from Biological Science course and 44.8% from Physiotherapy course, emphasizing the vertebral column, being lumbar (9.42%) in physiotherapy academics and thoracic region (9.14%) in Biological Science academics, it was also noticed a high involvement in multiple regions (53.9%). Besides that, it was observed trough VAS the presence of mild pain (3,78 ± 2,38). Conclusion: It has been concluded that the most involved region was vertebral column, specifically the lumbar and thoracic regions. In this way, assumed that a biomechanical overload is responsible for this finding. Thereby, preventive and ergonomic measures and health promotion must be stimulated between young students, however, for such a propose new studies are necessary.
Distribución y estratificación de /s/ implosiva y /j/ intervocálica en el habla de la ciudad de Toledo

Aquest article recull els resultats d'una analisi sociolinguistica dels fonemes /s/ i // en posicio implosiva i intervocalica, respectivament, a la parla urbana de Toledo. Estudia la relacio de causa-efecte existent entre les variables socials de sexe, edat i nivell socio-cultural, per una banda, i l'us de diferents al·lofons de cadascun d'aquests fonemes a les dites posicions, per l'altra.
Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition: Subject index

Series editors' preface Preface 1. Introduction 2. A cognitive theory of learning 3. How cognitive theory applies to second language acquisition 4. Learning strategies: methods and research 5. Strategies used by second language learners 6. Instruction in learning strategies 7. Learning strategies: models and materials 8. Summary and conclusions Glossary References Author index Subject index.
Individuella utvecklingsplaner som uttryck för reglerad barndom Likriktning med variation

I den har artikeln analyseras individuella utvecklingsplaner (IUP) som uttryck for en reglerad barndom och institutionell praktik. Individuella utvecklingsplaner ses som ett fenomen i framvaxten av ett »granskningssamhalle». I ett kritisk didaktik perspektiv belyses relationerna mellan aktorerna och deras inflytande och ansvar, varvid barnen ses som subjekt i relation till innehall, form och bedom-ning. Insamlingen av det empiriska materialet genomfordes 2006 i fyra kommuner i sodra Sverige; tre stadskommuner och en landsbygdskommun. I de tre stadskom-munerna ingick saval etniskt relativt homogena som heterogena kommundelar. Materialet omfattar 82 slumpmassigt valda utvecklingsplaner for barn i forskola och forskoleklass. Fram tonar en mangkontextuell reglering av barndom och institutionell praktik. Resultatet av analysen kan summeras i tre huvudspar eller »normaliteter» vilka visar pa en likriktning med variation: (i) Skolamnesreglerade normalbarn i relativt homogen stadskommundel, (ii) socialt och ensprakigt reglerade multikulturella barn i relativt heterogen stadskommundel, samt (iii) primart behovsreglerade monokulturella barn i landsbygdskommun. Bedomningarna i de skolamnesorienterade planerna tenderar att bli betygsliknande – i strid med de nationella direktiv som sager att enskilda barns prestationer inte ska utvarderas och bedomas – medan bedomningarna i de socialt fostrande och primart omsorgsinriktade planerna tenderar att bli personligt orienterade och ibland gransande till integritetskrankande.
Pattern of congenital heart diseases among clinically diagnosed Down’s syndrome children

Background : Down’s syndrome (DS) is the commonest genetic cause of malformation with congenital heart defects. Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of various congenital heart defects in children with clinically diagnosed Down’s syndrome in Dhaka Shishu Hospital. Material & Methods : This prospective study was conducted at Pediatric cardiology department of Dhaka Shishu Hospital from 1st February 2013 to 31 st January 2014. Admitted Seventy four phenotypically Down’s syndrome patients were included in this study. After taking detailed history and physical examination, all these patients were subjected to Color Doppler echocardiography in addition to routine laboratory investigations. Results : Total 74 down’s Syndrome patients were admitted at cardiology department during the study period. Among them 35 (47.29%) were males and 39 (52.71%)were females with male to female ratio of 1:1.12. Atrioventricular septal defect was the commonest defect 15(20.27%), followed by Ventricular septal defect 12(16.21%), Patent ductus arteriosus 11(14.86%), Atrial septal defect 7(9.46%), Tetralogy of Fallots 3(4.05%), Pentology of Fallots 2(2.70%), Dextrocardia with D _ TGA 1(1.35%), Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage 1(1.35%) but Multiple congenital heart disease were 22(29.72%) cases. Along with congenital heart disease 3(4.05%) patients had GIT abnormality, 4(5.4%) patient had congenital hypothyroidism and 3(4.05%) patients had Eye problem. Conclusion : Congenital heart defects are common in children with Down’s syndrome. The commonest one is Atrioventricular septal defect in our set-up. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.6(1) 2014: 18-20
Do Boundary Conflicts between the Roles of the Hospital Ward Pharmacist and The Medical and Nursing Team Still Exist

The hospital ward role of the pharmacist has developed in the last few years due to the necessity to improve the use of drugs. The Increasing complexity of drug therapy, particularly in hospitals, has highlighted the need to integrate the role of the pharmacist into the healthcare team. The aim of this paper is to verify if, after the Italian experiences of clinical pharmacists, there have been conflicts among pharmacists, physicians and nurses. Materials and Methods: After about 6 months from the introduction of a ward pharmacist into the surgery department at the Hospital of Udine, at a specific meeting, a questionnaire was given to the participants about the roles and re sponsibilities of physicians, pharmacists and nurses.
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Associated Features in 5th Grade Schoolchildren in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (West Africa)

The onset of cardiometabolic risk factors in childhood may be tracked into adulthood. However, little is known about such risk factors particularly in African schoolchildren. We conducted in Ouagadougou the capital city of Burkina Faso (West Africa) a cross-sectional study in 5th grade pupils of 12 schools (4 private and 8 public of which 2 were periurban). Weight, height, and blood pressure (BP) were measured and fasting serum lipids and glycaemia were determined. Sample mean age was 11.8±1.4 y (207 children, 51% girls). Mean total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides were 133.9, 83.5, 45.1 and 67.1 mg/dl, respectively; glycaemia stood at 87.9±7.1 mg/dl. Systolic (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) were 103.2 and 62.3 mmHg respectively. The main risk factor was low HDL-C (19.3%) followed by high TC and LDL-C (11.6% each). Elevated SBP and DBP were 9.7% and 4.3%, respectively. Being a girl was independently associated with increased serum lipids including HDL-C paradoxically. BMI was independently associated with increased BP. While attending a private school was independently associated (p<0.01) with higher HDL-C and lower TG and DBP, attending urban (vs periurban) school and higher age were independently associated with lower HDL-C. A sizeable proportion of children exhibited cardiometabolic risk factors and therefore, preventive measures would appear timely in low income country schoolchildren, and not only strategies targeting malnutrition.
Introduction: Conversation Analysis in Applied Linguistics

This short, introductory paper presents an up-to-date account of works within the field of Applied Linguistics which have been influenced by a Conversation Analytic paradigm. The article reviews recent studies in classroom interaction, materials development, proficiency assessment and language teacher education. We believe that the publication of such a special journal issue is timely, since Conversation Analysis has been one of the most influential methodologies in recent Applied Linguistic research, as can be seen by the growing number of publications appearing in various journals.
Expressive speech synthesis : research and system design with hidden Markov models

While text-to-speech has long been centered on the production of an intelligible message of good quality, interest has recently shifted to the generation of more natural and expressive speech. This comes as an answer to the widespread criticism stating that current speech synthesizers lack fundamental human components. This thesis tackles that issue by considering three fundamental stages of HMM-based speech synthesis: the phonetic and prosodic annotations of the training corpus and their automatic alignment with the speech signal. We first propose a systematic step-by-step study of HMM-based phonetic alignment in which the models are directly trained on the corpus to align. Based on a detailed analysis of the errors made by this technique, we developed three fully-automatic improvement methods which are shown to significantly improve the alignment of highly variable and expressive corpora. We then define a two-level prosodic annotation of expressive corpora, describing accentual patterns and changes in speaking style. The integration of this manual annotation in the synthesis of sports commentaries positively impacts the naturalness of the expressivity. We also present an automatic annotator of accentual patterns in French and show that its integration in synthesis contributes to the naturalness of the voice. Finally, our study points out that the choice for phonetic variants in French is influenced by the speaking style and that their consideration in the synthesis of sports commentaries improves the naturalness of the message. It indicates that phonetic changes should be considered, both at training and synthesis stages.
LESIONS WITH A HIGH RISK OF CARCINOGENESIS IN THE GALLBLADDER OF PATIENTS WITH A LONG COMMON CHANNEL

Background: Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is characterized by a markedly long common channel. In this condition, the sphincter of Oddi does not functionally affect the junction of the pancreatic and bile ducts. Reflux of pancreatic juice into the biliary duct of patients with PBM occurs, resulting in a high incidence of carcinogenesis in the gallbladder. Hence, the gallbladder mucosa of PBM appears to be in a precancerous state. However, the relationship between a relatively long common channel and precancerous lesions of the gallbladder is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate histopathological changes in the gallbladder of patients with a relatively long common channel.
Dying: Facing The Facts

Part 1: Contexts and Perspectives Death and Politics: A Psychosocial Perspective Living Our Dying and Our Grieving: Historical and Cultural Attitudes. Part 2: Data Death Anxiety The Dying Process Institutional Dying: A Convergence of Cultural Values, Technology and Social Organisation Care of the Dying: The Hospice Approach Legal Perspectives on Planning for Death. Part 3: Issues and Challenges AIDS: The Second Decade Suicide Rights and the Dying The Definition of Death: Problems for Public Policy. Part 4: Conclusion Some Closing Reflections Resources.
Sexually transmitted infections in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria: A decade of clinic experience

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain cosmopolitan in all societies of the world and in some cases assume epidemic proportions. These infections are common infectious diseases nowadays, with an annual incidence of more than 200 million cases a year. Venereal pathogens continue to increase in number and the spectrum of pathogens has limitless elasticity. While genital discharge and ulceration are common presenting symptoms, unusual findings on examination and investigation are not uncommon. We assessed our clinic experiences during the first ten years in an STI clinic. Salient findings are that 85% of all patients seen have an STI. The breakdown of infections revealed that Candida albicans was the most common venereal pathogen accounting for 24% while Neisseria gonorrhoeae accounted for about 18.0%. Sarcoptes scabiei and Phthirus pubis causing scabies and pediculosis accounted for 1.8% and 0.3% respectively. As commonly established, the age bracket 19 to 39 years was clearly the age group in which sexually transmitted infections were mostly diagnosed. In a control programme, this age group should be targeted, while there is the need to continue to stimulate awareness of both the general public and health workers at all levels on the problems of sexually transmitted infections, the scourge of all ages. Key Words: Sexually transmitted infections, venereal pathogens, clinic experience, control awareness Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. Vol.6(1) 2005: 64-68