Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complementary feeding: Attitudes, knowledge and practices of urban families in northern Thailand

AIM Urban families in middle-income countries are currently facing cultural and lifestyle transition. Changing from an agricultural to an industrial society may affect family roles and child-care practices. The present study aims to reveal family attitudes, knowledge and practices focusing on complementary feeding (CF). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in three Child Health Clinics in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Self-administered questionnaires were given to families caring for healthy infants and children less than 18 months of age during October to November 2016. RESULTS One-hundred and eight respondents completed questionnaires. The study found different attitudes and knowledge gaps between the respondents who were mothers and other family members ('others'). The 'others' were less likely to value CF as a crucial factor promoting child growth and development. Moreover, they had misperceptions about the benefits of animal-based protein and were less confident in their ability to feed the child properly. Most families reported timely introduction of complementary food, using proper milk products and encouraging age-appropriate feeding methods. However, there were undesirable practices including delaying introduction of animal-based protein, inadequate food diversity, the use of seasoning, feeding premasticated food and offering food as a reward. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that nutritional education should be extended to all caregivers involved in CF to improve the adherence to feeding recommendations.
Processes and challenges in clinical decision-making for children with speech-sound disorders.

BACKGROUND Children with speech-sound disorders (SSD) constitute a significant proportion of speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) caseloads. Previous research has investigated the clinical practice of SLPs intervening with children with SSD; however, little is known about the clinical decision-making underpinning their practice. AIMS The clinical decision-making of SLPs working with children with SSD was explored to understand how their clinical decisions were influenced by: (1) beliefs about what works in therapy; (2) prior clinical experience; and (3) client and service-related variables. METHODS & PROCEDURES Semi-structured, individual, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 SLPs. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify and explore key ideas and themes. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Four themes emerged: (1) clinical decision-making procedures were highly individualized; (2) parental involvement was viewed as central to the success and progression of therapy; (3) therapy procedures were influenced by practice-setting constraints; and (4) engaging in evidence-based practice within clinical settings was perceived as challenging. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS In clinical settings, a range of factors influence decision-making and therapy provided by SLPs to children with SSD. These SLPs had a high regard for clients' values and preferences. Prior clinical experiences also shaped clinical practice. Clinical decision-making was influenced by practice-setting constraints. SLPs are under pressure in their workplaces and are struggling to manage the competing demands on their time. Large clinical caseloads, heavy workloads, current service-delivery models and changing family structures are all impacting on the provision of therapy to children with SSD and therapy outcomes. As a profession, there is a need to consider these barriers and identify ways to overcome them in order to assist SLPs to routinely adopt the highest standards of clinical practice for children with SSD.
Measuring Intraventricular Pressure Using Ultrasound Elastography

Intraventricular pressure (IVP) is one of the most important measurements for evaluating cardiac function, but this measurement is not currently easily assessable in the clinic. The primary reason for this is the absence of a noninvasive technique for measuring IVP. In this study, we investigate the relationship between IVP and dynamic myocardial stiffness measured by shear wave elasticity imaging (SWEI) and assess the feasibility of measuring IVP using SWEI.
Extending the Passive-Sensing Toolbox: Using Smart-Home Technology in Psychological Science

New smart-home devices provide the opportunity to advance psychological science and theory through novel research opportunities in home environments. These technologies extend the in vivo research and intervention capabilities afforded by other assessment techniques such as Ecological Momentary Assessment methods as well as mobile and wearable devices. Smart-home devices contain a multitude of sensors capable of continuously and unobtrusively collecting multimodal data within home contexts. These devices have some complementary strengths and limitations compared with other assessment methods. This article (a) briefly reviews data collection methods in home environments, (b) discusses the unique advantages of smart-home devices, (c) describes the extant smart-home literature, (d) explores how these devices may advance evaluation and refinement of psychological theories, (e) describes examples of psychological processes that are potential targets for smart-home assessment and intervention, (f) considers methodological challenges and barriers, (g) discusses ethical considerations, and (h) concludes with a discussion of future directions for research and the merging of passive-sensing technologies with active self-report methods. This article aims to highlight the potential utility of smart-home devices within psychological research to evaluate psychological theories related to behavior within the home context.
Perceived Agenda-Setting Effects: Factors Impacting Awareness of Media Influence

Using the air pollution in Beijing as the example, the current study examines respondents’ perceived media’s impact on both issue agenda-setting (first-level) and attribute agenda-setting (second-level) effects through a self-reported telephone survey in January 2015. The results confirm media’s impact on the awareness of issue agenda-setting effects but only partly support attribute agenda-setting effects. The results show perceived media credibility, direct personal experience, interpersonal communication, and media exposure all positively influence the perceived issue agenda-setting effects by individuals. Whereas media credibility and direct personal experience influence perceived attribute agenda setting effects. The findings suggest that Chinese media are effective in telling people what to think about, but not effective in telling people how to think.
Going with the flow: Structural determinants of vascular tissue transport efficiency and safety.

The woody tissue of flowering plants contains many vessels, which interconnect to form a vascular network responsible for the bulk transport of water through the plant. The structure of individual vessels, combined with network traits, such as the connections between vessels and the distribution of vessels of differing structural properties, determines the hydraulic efficiency and safety of the xylem tissue. In this issue, Mrad, Domec, Huang, Frederic, and Katul (2018) present a new model of xylem tissue function developed by combining information across multiple structural scales, including intervessel pit membrane and pore structure, vessel structure, and vessel network traits. This model was able to predict xylem hydraulic function in Acer and provides a new framework in which to evaluate the impact of vessel structural and network trait variation on hydraulic function and resistance to dehydration induced water transport failure (embolism). Declines in xylem conductivity during water deficit are often plotted as “vulnerability curves,” which depict hydraulic transport losses due to embolism formation in response to negative pressures in the xylem. The role of individual vessel structural traits, such as vessel diameter, on xylem tissue vulnerability to cavitation has been the focus of many studies, but few studies have combined traits across multiple scales (i.e., pits, vessels, and networks; Figure 1). In particular, understanding the role of network properties on hydraulic function has been rarely examined. The combination of modeling with plant anatomical and functional studies has potential to greatly advance understanding of these complex multiscale networks (Venturas et al., 2016). Mrad et al. discussed the implications of their results in the context of vessel connectivity and the scaling between pit and vessel structures. They identify the scaling between vessel and pit traits and how these determine the likelihood of embolism propagation
What Makes People Actually Embrace or Shun Mobile Payment: A Cross-Culture Study

Mobile payment is becoming increasingly popular, but it encounters the resistance from certain user groups. This study examines the factors that influence both the technology acceptance and actual usage aspects of mobile payment adoption from the perspective of the general systems theory. Based on a literature review, it conceptualizes the embedding relationships among relevant behavioral processes, personal characteristics, and extrinsic factors and develops a research model. Together, the extrinsic factors in terms of culture, subjective norm, and socioeconomic status and main personal characteristics including demographics, personality traits, and past behavior are hypothesized to have direct and moderating effects on mobile payment acceptance and usage. The observations collected from China and the USA support most of the hypothesized relationships and reveal interesting cross-culture differences. Whereas users in the USA appear to be more rational and risk-averse, people in China seem more subject to social influence. The findings contribute to the mobile payment literature by deepening the understanding of adoption stages and expanding the scope of explanatory variables beyond technology acceptance.
Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Oxidative Stress-Associated Liver Injury Induced by Chinese Herbal Medicine: An Experimental Evidence-Based Literature Review and Network Pharmacology Study

Oxidative stress, defined as a disequilibrium between pro-oxidants and antioxidants, can result in histopathological lesions with a broad spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in an orchestrated manner. Although cells are equipped with sophisticated strategies to maintain the redox biology under normal conditions, the abundance of redox-sensitive xenobiotics, such as medicinal ingredients originated from herbs or animals, can dramatically invoke oxidative stress. Growing evidence has documented that the hepatotoxicity can be triggered by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) during treating various diseases. Meanwhile, TCM-dependent hepatic disorder represents a strong correlation with oxidative stress, especially the persistent accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Of note, since TCM-derived compounds with their modulated targets are greatly diversified among themselves, it is complicated to elaborate the potential pathological mechanism. In this regard, data mining approaches, including network pharmacology and bioinformatics enrichment analysis have been utilized to scientifically disclose the underlying pathogenesis. Herein, top 10 principal TCM-modulated targets for oxidative hepatotoxicity including superoxide dismutases (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Bax, caspase-3, Bcl-2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and nitric oxide (NO) have been identified. Furthermore, hepatic metabolic dysregulation may be the predominant pathological mechanism involved in TCM-induced hepatotoxic impairment.
Warsaw breakage syndrome: Further clinical and genetic delineation

Warsaw breakage syndrome (WBS) is a recently recognized DDX11‐related rare cohesinopathy, characterized by severe prenatal and postnatal growth restriction, microcephaly, developmental delay, cochlear anomalies, and sensorineural hearing loss. Only seven cases have been reported in the English literature, and thus the information on the phenotype and genotype of this interesting condition is limited. We provide clinical and molecular information on five additional unrelated patients carrying novel bi‐allelic variants in the DDX11 gene, identified via whole exome sequencing. One of the variants was found to be a novel Saudi founder variant. All identified variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic except for one that was initially classified as a variant of unknown significance (VOUS) (p.Arg378Pro). Functional characterization of this VOUS using heterologous expression of wild type and mutant DDX11 revealed a marked effect on protein stability, thus confirming pathogenicity of this variant. The phenotypic data of the seven WBS reported patients were compared to our patients for further phenotypic delineation. Although all the reported patients had cochlear hypoplasia, one patient also had posterior labyrinthine anomaly. We conclude that while the cardinal clinical features in WBS (microcephaly, growth retardation, and cochlear anomalies) are almost universally present, the breakage phenotype is highly variable and can be absent in some cases. This report further expands the knowledge of the phenotypic and molecular features of WBS.
A CNN-SIFT Hybrid Pedestrian Navigation Method Based on First-Person Vision

The emergence of new wearable technologies, such as action cameras and smart glasses, has driven the use of the first-person perspective in computer applications. This field is now attracting the attention and investment of researchers aiming to develop methods to process first-person vision (FPV) video. The current approaches present particular combinations of different image features and quantitative methods to accomplish specific objectives, such as object detection, activity recognition, user–machine interaction, etc. FPV-based navigation is necessary in some special areas, where Global Position System (GPS) or other radio-wave strength methods are blocked, and is especially helpful for visually impaired people. In this paper, we propose a hybrid structure with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and local image features to achieve FPV pedestrian navigation. A novel end-to-end trainable global pooling operator, called AlphaMEX, has been designed to improve the scene classification accuracy of CNNs. A scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT)-based tracking algorithm is employed for movement estimation and trajectory tracking of the person through each frame of FPV images. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The top-1 error rate of the proposed AlphaMEX-ResNet outperforms the original ResNet (k = 12) by 1.7% on the ImageNet dataset. The CNN-SIFT hybrid pedestrian navigation system reaches 0.57 m average absolute error, which is an adequate accuracy for pedestrian navigation. Both positions and movements can be well estimated by the proposed pedestrian navigation algorithm with a single wearable camera.
Perception Counts: The Relationships of Inner Perceptions of Trauma and PTSD Symptoms Across Time

Objective: This study examined how inner perceptions that develop in the aftermath of exposure to trauma attenuate the association between posttraumatic symptoms across time and what the reciprocal relations between inner perceptions of trauma and posttraumatic symptoms are. Method: The present article is based on two studies. The data in Study 1 are drawn from three waves of a longitudinal study of community-dwelling midlife adults and older adults residing in the south of Israel. In Wave 1, 339 participants were interviewed (mean age = 65.44, SD = 9.77). Of these participants, 170 and 132, respectively, participated in Waves 2 (one year later) and 3 (two years later). Posttraumatic stress symptoms were self-reported in all three waves. Inner perceptions of trauma were assessed with the Subjective Traumatic Outlook scale (STO) and Centrality of Event Scale (CES), administered at Wave 3. Study 2 is drawn from two waves of research of young adults. Wave 1 included 138 participants (mean age = 32.01, SD = 10.57) from a convenience sample. At Wave 2, 128 participants were interviewed again a month later. Participants reported their level of posttraumatic stress symptoms and completed the STO and the CES in both waves. Results: In Study 1, analyses showed stronger associations between posttraumatic symptoms across waves among those who reported higher subjective traumatic outlook and higher centrality of events. In Study 2, significant reciprocal relationships between PTSD and STO were found, but whereas the W1 PTSD–W2 CES path was significant, the W1 CES–W2 PTSD path was not. Conclusions: The findings emphasize that overintegration and especially disintegration of the pretraumatic identity with traumatic experiences are associated with the deleterious effects of long-lasting exposure to traumatic events.
Protective Actions of Anserine Under Diabetic Conditions

Background/Aims: In rodents, carnosine treatment improves diabetic nephropathy, whereas little is known about the role and function of anserine, the methylated form of carnosine. Methods: Antioxidant activity was measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity and oxygen stress response in human renal tubular cells (HK-2) by RT-PCR and Western-Immunoblotting. In wildtype (WT) and diabetic mice (db/db), the effect of short-term anserine treatment on blood glucose, proteinuria and vascular permeability was measured. Results: Anserine has a higher antioxidant capacity compared to carnosine (p < 0.001). In tubular cells (HK-2) stressed with 25 mM glucose or 20–100 µM hydrogen peroxide, anserine but not carnosine, increased intracellular heat shock protein (Hsp70) mRNA and protein levels. In HK-2 cells stressed with glucose, co-incubation with anserine also increased hemeoxygenase (HO-1) protein and reduced total protein carbonylation, but had no effect on cellular sirtuin-1 and thioredoxin protein concentrations. Three intravenous anserine injections every 48 h in 12-week-old db/db mice, improved blood glucose by one fifth, vascular permeability by one third, and halved proteinuria (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Anserine is a potent antioxidant and activates the intracellular Hsp70/HO-1 defense system under oxidative and glycative stress. Short-term anserine treatment in diabetic mice improves glucose homeostasis and nephropathy.
An Enhanced Single-Pair Learning-Based Reflectance Fusion Algorithm with Spatiotemporally Extended Training Samples

Spatiotemporal fusion methods are considered a useful tool for generating multi-temporal reflectance data with limited high-resolution images and necessary low-resolution images. In particular, the superiority of sparse representation-based spatiotemporal reflectance fusion model (SPSTFM) in capturing phenology and type changes of land covers has been preliminarily demonstrated. Meanwhile, the dictionary training process, which is a key step in the sparse learning-based fusion algorithm, and its effect on fusion quality are still unclear. In this paper, an enhanced spatiotemporal fusion scheme based on the single-pair SPSTFM algorithm has been proposed through improving the process of dictionary learning, and then evaluated using two actual datasets, with one representing a rural area with phenology changes and the other representing an urban area with land cover type changes. The validated strategy for enhancing the dictionary learning process is divided into two modes to enlarge the training datasets with spatially and temporally extended samples. Compared to the original learning-based algorithm and other employed typical single-pair-based fusion models, experimental results from the proposed fusion method with two extension modes show improved performance in modeling reflectance using the two preceding datasets. Furthermore, the strategy with temporally extended training samples is more effective than the strategy with spatially extended training samples for the land cover area with phenology changes, whereas it is opposite for the land cover area with type changes.
Bad company: Microenvironmentally mediated resistance to targeted therapy in melanoma

This review will focus on the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the development of drug resistance in melanoma. Resistance to mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKi) in melanoma is observed months after treatment, a phenomenon that is often attributed to the incredible plasticity of melanoma cells but may also depend on the TME. The TME is unique in its cellular composition—it contains fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes, and among others. In addition, the TME provides “non‐homeostatic” levels of oxygen, nutrients (hypoxia and metabolic stress), and extracellular matrix proteins, creating a pro‐tumorigenic niche that drives resistance to MAPKi treatment. In this review, we will focus on how changes in the tumor microenvironment regulate MAPKi resistance.
Involvement of midkine in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases

Abstract Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor that markedly expressed during embryogenesis but downregulated to inconsiderable levels in healthy adults. However, MK is upregulated during tissue repair and in many pathologic conditions, mostly malignancies and inflammatory diseases. MK promotes a number of functions in target cells such as migration, proliferation, survival, growth, reproduction and repair, angiogenesis, and gene expression. It acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine and contributes to chronic inflammation via promoting chemotaxis and tissue infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. Furthermore, MK upregulated the production of various inflammatory mediators (i.e. interleukin (IL) 6 and IL8). Recent studies have demonstrated strong evidence that MK is involved in the onset and progression of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and other autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Additionally, it has been shown that MK is overexpressed in two major clinically defined forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which are classified as autoinflammatory diseases. Taken together, MK is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and may serve as an indicator and biomarker in these conditions. Furthermore, MK inhibitors are expected to contribute in the management of these diseases.
How to Design Valid Simulator Studies for Investigating User Experience in Automated Driving: Review and Hands-On Considerations

Simulator studies have been conducted in the automotive domain since the 1960s. Recently, automated driving studies have become more popular as real-world automated cars start to emerge but at this time not all levels of automation can be realized. A simulation does not entail all details of real driving, creating a realistic simulation experience - both on a psychological and physical level - proposes recurring challenges. These are among others: sample acquisition, simulator sickness, simulator training, interface design, take-over requests and secondary tasks in automated driving simulator studies. In this paper, we review existing literature and summarize important lessons from simulations in the domain of driving automation to provide considerations for studies investigating driver behavior in the age of highly automated driving.