Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Composite secure MQTT for Internet of Things using ABE and dynamic S-box AES

The Publish-Subscribe messaging paradigm is widely used as one of the communication models for Internet of Things (IoT). Here, Users are more interested in sharing and retrieving information and careless about which specific end point is holding the information. of various publish-subscribe protocol promoted, MQTT is extremely lightweight and widely used Publish-Subscribe connectivity protocol for Internet of Things. The major drawback of MQTT protocol is that it has limited security features. Hence, these protocols need to address security issues for IoT. In this paper, we present a solution to provide access control and confidentiality of the information exchanged in an MQTT based IoT system. Our approach provides a solution of applying Attribute-based Encryption (ABE) and Dynamic S-Box Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for payload encryption in MQTT. Further, we evaluated our proposed scheme through simulation.
Binge drinking and alcohol-related problems among U.S.-born Asian Americans.

Binge drinking (five drinks or more in a 2-h sitting for men or four or more drinks in a 2-h sitting for women) and alcohol-related problems are a growing problem among Asian American young adults. The current study examines the sociocultural (i.e., generational status and ethnic identity) determinants of binge drinking and alcohol-related problems across U.S.-born, young-adult, Asian American ethnic groups. Data were collected from 1,575 Asian American undergraduates from a public university in Southern California. Chinese Americans consisted of the largest Asian ethnicity in the study, followed by Vietnamese, Filipino, Korean, South Asian, Japanese, Multi-Asian, and "other Asian American. " Participants completed a web-based assessment of binge drinking, alcohol-related problems, ethnic identity, descriptive norms (i.e., perceived peer drinking norms), and demographic information. An analysis of variance was used to determine potential gender and ethnic differences in binge drinking and alcohol-related problems. Negative binomial regression was selected to examine the relationship between the predictors and outcomes in our model. There were no gender differences between Asian American men and women in regards to binge drinking; however, men reported more alcohol-related problems. Japanese Americans reported the highest number of binge-drinking episodes and alcohol-related problems, followed by Filipino and Multi-Asian Americans (e.g., Chinese and Korean). Living off-campus; higher scores in descriptive norms; Greek status; and belonging to the ethnic groups Japanese, Filipino, Multi-Asian, Korean, and South Asian increased the risk of engaging in binge drinking. Quantity of alcohol consumed, Greek status, gender, Filipino, South Asian, other Asian, and lower ethnic identity scores were related to alcohol-related problems. Using one of the largest samples collected to date on sociocultural determinants and drinking among U.S.-born Asian American young adults, the findings highlight the significant variability in drinking patterns among Asian American ethnic groups.
Comorbidity of Reading Disability and Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder

This study used a community sample of 494 twins with a reading disability (223 girls, 271 boys) and 373 twins without a reading disability (189 girls, 184 boys) to assess the relation between reading disability (RD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Symptoms of DSM-III and DSM-IV ADHD were classified into symptoms of inattention and symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity (H / I). Results indicated that individuals with RD were more likely than individuals without RD to meet criteria for ADHD and that the association between RD and ADHD was stronger for symptoms of inattention than for symptoms of H / I. Parents and teachers reported similar rates of ADHD, suggesting that ADHD symptoms were pervasive across settings and were not solely attributable to academic frustration. Analyses of possible gender differences revealed that RD was significantly associated with inattention in both girls and boys but associated with H /I only in boys. This difference may provide a partial explanation for the discrepancy between the gender ratio obtained in referred (approximately 4 boys to 1 girl) and nonreferred (1.2 to 1.5 boys to 1 girl) samples of individuals with RD. Specifically, the hyperactive and impulsive behaviors exhibited by boys with RD may be more disruptive than the inattentive behaviors exhibited by girls and may therefore precipitate more frequent referrals for clinical attention.
A resource for analysis of microRNA expression and function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21-24 nucleotide RNA molecules that regulate the translation and stability of target messenger RNAs. Abnormal miRNA expression is a common feature of diverse cancers. Several previous studies have classified miRNA expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), although no uniform pattern of miRNA dysregulation has emerged. To clarify these previous findings as well as to set the stage for detailed functional analyses, we performed global miRNA expression profiling of 21 human PDAC cell lines, the most extensive panel studied to date. Overall, 39 miRNAs were found to be dysregulated and have at least two- fold or greater differential expression in PDAC cell lines compared to control non-transformed pancreatic ductal cell lines. Several of these miRNAs show comparable dysregulation in first- passage patient-derived xenografts. Initial functional analyses demonstrate that enforced expression of miRNAs derived from the miR-200 family and the miR-17-92 cluster, both of which are overexpressed in PDAC cell lines, enhances proliferation. In contrast, inhibition of the miR-200 family diminishes anchorage independent growth. Consistent with a known role for the miR-200 family in negatively regulating an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the abundance of these miRNAs correlated positively with E-cadherin expression and negatively with the EMT-associated transcription factors and established miR-200 targets ZEB1/ZEB2. Finally, restituted expression of miR-34a, a miRNA whose expression is frequently lost in PDAC cell lines, abrogates growth, demonstrating that the anti-proliferative activity of this miRNA is operative in PDAC. These results, and the widespread availability of PDAC cell lines wherein the aforementioned data were generated, provide a valuable resource for the pancreatic cancer research community and will greatly facilitate functional studies essential for elucidating the consequences of miRNA dysregulation in pancreatic cancer.
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) prednisone resistant but dexamethasone sensitive

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is a histiocytic disorder affecting children and adults. It usually presents as markedly enlarged lymph nodes that require surgical biopsy for confirmation. This lesion is usually self‐limited but can present in areas that can cause significant morbidity or disfigurement. We report a case that required therapy due to the severe disfigurement but was resistant till treated with dexamethasone. This case illustrates that SHML may be resistant to prednisone but still be sensitive to dexamethasone. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Uptake of HIV and latex particles by fresh and cultured dendritic cells and monocytes

Blood dendritic cells (DC) efficiently carry HIV‐1 and transmit infection to CD4+ T cells in the absence of productive infection of the APC. Fluorescent latex beads were used to define the endocytic pathways that may contribute to this non‐infectious pathway of virus carriage. Beads between 14 nm and 2300 nm in diameter were taken up by uncultured blood DC, but uptake of beads larger than 280 nm was much reduced in the DC compared to monocytes. After culture, there was a reduction in bead carriage in DC compared to monocytes. In the DC, beads were found as small aggregates in class II containing compartments or as single beads just below the cell surface. Beads accumulated in monocytes as aggregates in class II negative compartments. Bead recycling occurred in DC, but not in the fresh or cultured monocytes. Electron microscopy of HIV‐1‐pulsed DC cultured with CD4+ T cells showed accumulation of apoptotic debris and virions within endosomes in the DC. The peripheral location and recycling of endocytosed material in DC provides a pathway for virion transfer from DC to T cells that does not occur in monocytes.
BMP receptor IA is required in mammalian neural crest cells for development of the cardiac outflow tract and ventricular myocardium

The neural crest is a multipotent, migratory cell population arising from the border of the neural and surface ectoderm. In mouse, the initial migratory neural crest cells occur at the five-somite stage. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), particularly BMP2 and BMP4, have been implicated as regulators of neural crest cell induction, maintenance, migration, differentiation and survival. Mouse has three known BMP2/4 type I receptors, of which Bmpr1a is expressed in the neural tube sufficiently early to be involved in neural crest development from the outset; however, earlier roles in other domains obscure its requirement in the neural crest. We have ablated Bmpr1a specifically in the neural crest, beginning at the five-somite stage. We find that most aspects of neural crest development occur normally; suggesting that BMPRIA is unnecessary for many aspects of early neural crest biology. However, mutant embryos display a shortened cardiac outflow tract with defective septation, a process known to require neural crest cells and to be essential for perinatal viability. Surprisingly, these embryos die in mid-gestation from acute heart failure, with reduced proliferation of ventricular myocardium. The myocardial defect may involve reduced BMP signaling in a novel, minor population of neural crest derivatives in the epicardium, a known source of ventricular myocardial proliferation signals. These results demonstrate that BMP2/4 signaling in mammalian neural crest derivatives is essential for outflow tract development and may regulate a crucial proliferation signal for the ventricular myocardium.
Complex haplotypic effects of the ABCB1 gene on epilepsy treatment response.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the complex haplotype system of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) gene with the epilepsy treatment response. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten polymorphisms were genotyped in 108 drug-resistant epileptic patients, 223 seizure-free patients and 287 normal controls. Highly significant linkage disequilibrium was shown among exon 12 C1236T, exon 21 G2677T and exon 26 C3435T. Haplotypic analysis demonstrated that patients with the CGC, TGC, and TTT haplotypes were more likely to be drug resistant. Further analysis of haplotype combinations demonstrated that drug-resistant patients tended to have the CGC/CGC, CGC/TGC, CGC/TTT, and TGC/TTT haplotype combinations over the seizure-free patients and controls (all p-values < 0.0001). In contrast, patients with the TTC/TTC, TTC/CGT, TTC/TGT, CGT/CGT and TGT/CGT haplotype combinations were more likely to be seizure-free (all p-values<0.0001 except CGT/CGT [p=0.0063]). CONCLUSION Our results showed that the three loci, C1236T, G2677T and C3435T, jointly influenced the treatment response for epileptic patients. They should be regarded together as a complex polymorphic drug-response system. These findings suggest that examination of the haplotypes of the three loci could be useful in predicting drug resistance in epilepsy.
Trypsin in colorectal cancer: molecular biological mechanisms of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis

Trypsin is involved in colorectal carcinogenesis and promotes proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Although a well‐known pancreatic digestive enzyme, trypsin has also been found in other tissues and various cancers, most importantly of the colorectum. Moreover, colorectal cancers with trypsin expression have a poor prognosis and shorter disease‐free survival. Biological understanding of how trypsin causes cancer progression is emerging. It seems to act both directly and indirectly through a ‘proteinase–antiproteinase‐system’, and by activation of other proteinase cascades. Invasion of the basal membrane by cancer cells may be promoted directly by trypsin digestion of type I collagen. Trypsin activates, and is co‐expressed with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are known to facilitate invasion and metastasis. MMP‐2, MMP‐7, and MMP‐9 are co‐expressed together with trypsin and seem to be of particular importance in proliferation, progression, and invasion. MMPs may play a role in both conversion from adenoma to carcinoma, and in the initiation of invasion and metastasis. Co‐segregation of trypsin and MMPs within the tumour environment is important for the activation of MMPs, and may explain the deleterious effect of trypsin on prognosis in colorectal cancer. Trypsin and proteinase‐activated receptor 2 (PAR‐2) act together in an autocrine loop that promotes proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through various mechanisms, of which prostaglandin synthesis is important. Stimulated by trypsin, both MMP and PAR‐2 may activate the mitogenic MAPK–ERK pathway through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Experimental trypsin inhibition is feasible but not very effective, and trypsin as a target for clinical therapy is unlikely to be successful owing to its universal distribution. However, as the pathways of trypsin and co‐activated protein cascades emerge, biological understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis will be further illuminated and may pave the way for prognosticators, predictors, and novel targets of therapy. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High-resolution Anorectal Manometry in Parkinson Disease With Defecation Disorder: A Comparison With Functional Defecation Disorder

Goal: To investigate the characteristics of high-resolution anorectal manometry (HR-ARM) in Parkinson disease (PD) patients with defecation disorder (DD) compared with patients with functional defecation disorder (FDD). Background: DD is a common gastrointestinal symptom in PD. HR-ARM is a relatively new and reliable method for detecting DD. Study: A cohort of PD patients with DD was matched with FDD patients. Defecatory symptoms were investigated by questionnaire. Anorectal motility and sensation were evaluated by HR-ARM. Differences in defecatory symptoms, sensorimotor parameters, and DD type were analyzed. Defecatory symptoms and manometric variables obtained in early-stage PD were compared with advanced stage, and relationships between manometric parameters and evacuatory symptoms explored. Results: Straining and sensation of blockage was experienced significantly more in PD than FDD, and stool consistency more severely affected. Maximum squeeze and intrarectal pressure during defecation in PD was lower than in FDD. Anal resting and residual pressures, duration of sustained squeeze, threshold volumes for first sensation, urgency, and maximum discomfort were similar between groups. PD patients presented predominantly with inadequate propulsive forces, whereas FDD patients showed dyssynergic defecation. Defecatory symptoms and manometric parameters did not differ between stages of PD. Conclusions: PD patients with DD experienced more straining and sensation of blockage than FDD patients, possibly related to inadequate anorectal motility and paradoxical anal contraction of pelvic floor. Impaired squeeze response and inadequate propulsive forces are specific to anorectal function of PD patients with DD, compared with FDD, with abnormalities unchanged between early and advanced PD.
Augmented positioning with CORSs network services using GNSS mass-market receivers

Over the last twenty years, positioning with low cost GNSS sensors has become widespread worldwide at both commercial and academic level. The Geomatics Research Group of DIATI at the Politecnico di Torino has carried out several experiments in order to evaluate the precision achievable when using mass-market GNSS receivers with a network of permanent GNSS station (also called CORSs network - Continuous Operating Reference Stations) for various purposes. The aim of this study is to investigate real effect and the role of the CORSs Network for this type of receivers, and especially how the products generated by the CORSs network can be used to improve the level of accuracy and precision if mass-market receivers are considered. The rapid development and diffusion of the GNSS network which provides a positioning service has enabled us to use single frequency receivers both in post-processing and real time approach by means of virtual RINEX and differential corrections. In the first approach, in order to determine the possible level of accuracy and precision obtainable with this sensor, a special test field was carried out which enabled us to study the variation of position with millimetrical accuracy. Tests were carried out considering various types of receivers (geodetic and mass market) and antennas (patch and geodetic) in static mode. The static test was carried out by acquiring raw data for 24 hours and dividing them into small parts (5, 10 or 15 minutes each), in order to consider the effect of the acquisition time on the final results and also consider the complete constellation. The postprocessing was performed with a commercial software. An interesting advantage is the possibility of generating a VR close to the rover position especially when mass market sensors are used, with the aim of creating a short (few meters) baseline, or in extreme cases it is possible to realize a null baseline thus eliminating the bias with the double differences in a relative positioning. By using a VR we obtain an independent solution in respect to the master-rover distance in attempt of fixing the ambiguity phase. The real-time experience was carried out with mass-market receivers for NRTK (Network Real Time Kinematic) positioning within the Regione Piemonte CORSs network. Two network products were used (VRS® and nearest correction): RTKLIB software was used in order to apply these corrections to the raw data of the mass market receivers. Some very good results were obtained which are reported in this paper.
Effect of a closure device on complication rates in high‐local‐risk patients: Results of a randomized multicenter trial

Clinical trials have shown that coronary stenting is associated with a high level of complications at the access site. Arterial sealing devices have proven their efficacy in obtaining immediate hemostasis after sheath removal, in allowing early ambulation, and in improving patient comfort. However, there is no report showing a reduction of local complications related to their use. The purpose of this multicenter study was to compare randomly the efficacy of Angio‐Seal versus compression methods of hemostasis in reducing the rate of access site complications after coronary angioplasty in 612 selected patients with higher risk of local events satisfying at least one of the following high‐risk criteria: age > 70, previous puncture at the same site, history of hypertension, treatment with ticlopidine at least 2 days before the procedure, use of abciximab, 8 Fr access, prolonged heparin treatment after the angioplasty, and use of lytics if fibrinogen > 1 g/l. Group A (n = 306) had immediate sheath removal, Angio‐Seal implantation, and cessation of bed rest 4 hr after the intervention. Group B (n = 306) had sheath removal according to local practice and cessation of bed rest 6–18 hr after the hemostasis procedure, also according to local practice. Clinical follow‐up was done at 1 hr, 4 hr, 24 hr, discharge, and 7 days and a systematic color flow duplex sonography was performed to confirm diagnosis of access site complication. In group A, device deployment and immediate hemostasis were obtained in, respectively, 96.8% and 87% of patients. Time to hemostasis was shorter in group A: 5 vs. 52 min (P < 0.001). Cessation of bed rest was dramatically reduced in group A (438 ± 450 min) vs. group B (952 ± 308 min; P < 0.001). The cumulative rate of complications, using a composite primary endpoint, at 7 days was significantly different between the two groups: 5.9% of group A patients and 18% of group B patients (P < 0.001). This difference was mainly due to the dramatic reduction of prolonged bleeding in group A patients. Angio‐Seal device use in high‐local‐risk patients allows immediate sheath removal and hemostasis with a reduction of local event rate despite a higher level of anticoagulation, compared to regular compression techniques, directly related to a dramatic decrease of prolonged bleeding. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2003;58:285–291. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The impact of genetic variation in comt and bdnf on resting‐state functional connectivity

Genetic imaging techniques allow investigation of the mechanisms by which genetic variants influence brain structure and function. The default mode network (DMN) is characterized by a default state of neuronal activity in the brain that is linked to core processes of human cognition. This study examined the role of catechol‐O‐methyl transferase (COMT) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) polymorphisms on functional connectivity between brain areas. Twenty‐three healthy volunteers underwent a resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan and genotyping of COMT and BDNF single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A resting‐state functional connectivity map was created using the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) as a seed region. The Val/Val homozygote group of the COMT Val158Met SNP showed significantly greater DMN connectivity in the medial and superior frontal gyri and cerebellum compared with the Met allele carrier group. For the BDNF Val66Met SNP, connectivity between the PCC and precuneus was stronger in the Val/Val homozygote group than in the Met allele carrier group. Different patterns of DMN connectivity related to BDNF and COMT SNPs were observed in this study. These findings suggest interaction between genes and functional connectivity in the brain and indicate that altered functional connectivity may be an endophenotype of cognitive vulnerability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 22, 97–102, 2012