Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure of the singular free energy for triglycine selenate and triglycine sulfate ferroelectrics.

A method to determine the dominant powers of the order parameter in the free energy of real physical systems is proposed. A series of equations for the susceptibility scaling functions were obtained from the analytical two-term scaling free energy. The experimental scaling functions for triglycine selenate (TGSe) and triglycine sulfate (TGS) ferroelectrics inserted into these equations show marked deviations from linearity. Relations between these deviations and the nonzero-field critical invariant Q=\ensuremath{\chi}(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{\mathit{m}}$, E=0)/\ensuremath{\chi}(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{\mathit{m}}$,E) were found, where ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{\mathit{m}}$ is the reduced temperature (${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\tau}}}_{\mathit{m}}$=${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{m}}$/${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$-1) at which the susceptibility \ensuremath{\chi}(\ensuremath{\tau},E) is maximum for a given value of the electric field E. This nonlinearity proves the existence of a nonzero-field critical invariant describing the competition of the three scaling terms ${\mathit{P}}^{2}$,${\mathit{P}}^{4}$, and ${\mathit{P}}^{6}$ in the singular free energy for TGSe and TGS ferroelectrics. The higher-order terms ${\mathit{P}}^{8}$,${\mathit{P}}^{10}$,. , are shown to be absent or much less important than the ${\mathit{P}}^{2}$,${\mathit{P}}^{4}$, and ${\mathit{P}}^{6}$ powers of the polarization P.
Robust Eigenstructure Assignment in Geometric Control Theory

In this paper we employ the Rosenbrock system matrix pencil for the computation of output-nulling subspaces of linear time-invariant systems which appear in the solution of a large number of control and estimation problems. We also consider the problem of finding friends of these output-nulling subspaces, i.e., the feedback matrices that render such subspaces invariant with respect to the closed-loop map and output-nulling with respect to the output map, and which at the same time deliver a robust closed-loop eigenstructure. We show that the methods presented in this paper offer considerably more robust eigenstructure assignment than the other commonly used methods and algorithms.
Identification of immunologically cross-reactive proteins of Sindbis virus: evidence for unique conformation of E1 glycoprotein from infected cells

Hyperimmune antisera to purified Sindbis (SIN) or Semliki Forest (SF) virus were used to identify alphavirus-specific and cross-reactive proteins in virions and infected cells. The hyperimmune sera participated in homologous and cross-cytolysis of alphavirus-infected cells, and the use of monospecific antisera to SIN structural proteins suggested that E1 and E2 could serve as target proteins in cytolysis. Proteins from purified virions or infected cells were extracted with Nonidet P-40, denatured by procedures for sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose solid supports, and reacted with hyperimmune sera and 125I-labeled protein A (immunoblotting on denatured proteins). Alternatively, native proteins extracted by mild Nonidet P-40 treatment were precipitated with hyperimmune sera before denaturation by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After immunoblotting, homologous antiserum reacted with the virus structural proteins E1, E2, capsid extracted from purified virions, and the counterparts of these proteins extracted from infected cells. In addition, PE2 and a 92,000-molecular-weight protein from infected cells reacted with homologous antiserum. These proteins were also immunoprecipitated with homologous antiserum. After immunoblotting, the Sindbis capsid protein was shown to be cross-reactive whether derived from purified virions or from infected cells; no cross-reactivity was observed with PE2 or E2 from either source, and the E1 glycoprotein was shown to be cross-reactive only when obtained from virions. However, the E1 glycoprotein could be cross-immunoprecipitated from infected cells (as well as from disrupted virions), and, in addition, capsid and a 92,000-molecular-weight protein were cross-immunoprecipitated from infected cells. These results suggest that a native conformation of the cell-associated E1 glycoproteins may be required for immunological cross-reactivity (immune precipitation), whereas virion but not cell-associated E1 retains immunological cross-reactivity after denaturation (immunoblot technique). The findings extend our previously published evidence which suggested that alphavirus maturation is accompanied by a change in immunological cross-reactivity with respect to E1.
Cerebellar granule cell Cre recombinase expression

Summary: The cerebellum maintains balance and orientation, refines motor action, stores motor memories, and contributes to the timing aspects of cognition. We generated two mouse lines for making Cre recombinase‐mediated gene disruptions largely confined to adult cerebellar granule cells. For this purpose we chose the GABAA receptor α6 subunit gene, whose expression marks this cell type. Here we describe mouse lines expressing Cre recombinase generated by 1) Cre knocked into the native α6 subunit gene by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells; and 2) Cre recombined into an α6 subunit gene carried on a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) genomic clone. The fidelity of Cre expression was tested by crossing the mouse lines with the ROSA26 reporter mice. The particular α6BAC clone we identified will be valuable for delivering other gene products to cerebellar granule cells. genesis 36:97–103, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ON TEACHING METHODS IN TERTIARY EDUCATION

For presentation as a keynote address at the Midwest Conference on Student Learning in Economics, Innovation, Assessment and Classroom Research, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, November 7, 2003, and forthcoming as Chapter 11 in W. E. Becker and M. L. Andrews (Eds.), The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: Contributions of Research Universities, Indiana University Press, 2004.
Complementation of a Dictyostelium discoideum thymidylate synthase mutation with the mouse gene provides a new selectable marker for transformation.

A cDNA encoding mouse thymidylate synthase has been inserted 3' to the Dictyostelium discoideum actin 15 promoter in an E. coli-D.discoideum shuttle vector. When this construct was introduced into a D.discoideum thymidylate synthase mutant strain HPS400, stable transformants were obtained at high frequency. These transformants grew in standard axenic medium without requiring exogenous thymidine. This construct provides a second selectable marker for use in transformation of D.discoideum.
Value of molecular epidemiologic analysis in a nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate two molecular epidemiologic methods used in the analysis of a nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreak. DESIGN Restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA (REAP) was used in the analysis of 45 MRSA isolates. After termination of the outbreak, isolates were retrospectively analyzed in a blind fashion using the newly described technique of arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR). Molecular analyses were compared with epidemiologic and antimicrobial susceptibility data. SETTING Tertiary care university hospital. SUBJECTS Twenty-eight patients and 12 employees infected or colonized with MRSA during a 6-week period. RESULTS A clonal relationship demonstrated among isolates from burn unit patients and staff was clearly distinguishable from MRSA isolates arising from other hospital wards. The combination of REAP and AP-PCR provided complementary information in several instances. Aggressive measures to isolate infected patients and eradicate colonization from patients and staff terminated the outbreak. CONCLUSIONS Although traditional epidemiologic methods retain their central role in modern hospital infection control, molecular epidemiologic analysis can significantly enhance the ability of infection control officers to analyze and terminate hospital epidemics. The combination of AP-PCR and REAP may prove to be a particularly informative means of tracking the nosocomial spread of microbial strains and their mobile genetic elements.
Cross-Layer Framework for Multiuser Real Time H.264/AVC Video Encoding and Transmission over Block Fading MIMO Channels Using Outage Probability

We present a framework for cross-layer optimized real time multiuser encoding of video using a single layer H.264/AVC and transmission over MIMO wireless channels. In the proposed cross-layer adaptation, the channel of every user is characterized by the probability density function of its channel mutual information and the performance of the H.264/AVC encoder is modeled by a rate distortion model that takes into account the channel errors. These models are used during the resource allocation of the available slots in a TDMA MIMO communication system with capacity achieving channel codes. This framework allows for adaptation to the statistics of the wireless channel and to the available resources in the system and utilization of the multiuser diversity of the transmitted video sequences. We show the effectiveness of the proposed framework for video transmission over Rayleigh MIMO block fading channels, when channel distribution information is available at the transmitter.
Congenital idiopathic microcephaly in an infant: Congruence of head size with developmental motor delay

Objective: To determine if the degree of congenital, idiopathic microcephaly in a female infant was congruent with the degree of developmental motor delay she exhibited. Methods: A 6.5-month-old female infant with idiopathic microcephaly was referred for evaluation due to parental concerns about possible cerebral palsy. She was assessed with two standardized tests: the Motor Scale of the Bayley-II Scales of Infant Development and the Harris Infant Neuromotor Test. Results: The infant scored 2.3–2.6 SD (standard deviation) from the mean on both tests, a degree of developmental delay that was reasonably consistent with the degree of microcephaly (2.0 SD below the mean). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of head circumference measurements, even in infants with no known risks for microcephaly, and the need to conduct standardized developmental assessments in infants with head sizes ≥2 SD below the mean.
Living donor liver transplantation using a graft from a donor with situs inversus totalis

In Asia, various cultural, social, and historic factors have severely limited the availability of deceased donor organs. Therefore, living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has emerged as an important therapeutic option for patients with end-stage liver disease. According to data reported to the Korean Network for Organ Sharing liver transplantation registry, LDLT accounted for more than 80% of the liver transplants performed in Korea during 2007. As the number of cases has increased, transplant surgeons have introduced technical innovations over the past 2 decades, and most technical obstacles have been overcome. Situs inversus is a rare congenital anomaly that was once regarded as a contraindication to liver transplantation because of the technical difficulties associated with the unique vascular anatomy and concern about achieving accurate graft positioning. However, several reports have presented uneventful outcomes after liver transplantation performed in adult recipients with situs inversus, and 4 cases of deceased donor organs with situs inversus used for liver transplantation have been reported in the English literature. Here, we present a case of LDLT in an adult using a graft from a situs inversus donor with a successful result.
Scoping Review of Nursing Case Management in the United States

The purpose of this study is to identify issues of case management (CM) interventions in the United States in recent studies and to identify implications for future research into CM. This study was guided by the following framework for a scoping review. Multiple electronic databases were searched to identify studies published between 2007 and 2016 in the United States and related to nursing CM. Five weaknesses were identified: no clear and consistent definition of CM, lack of theoretical frameworks, lack of standard guidelines in CM practice, lack of precise CM dosage and of process measures, and limited reports of explicit role of nurse case managers and role confusion by nurses. Three strengths were also identified. More rigorous and continuous efforts to develop theoretical frameworks and evaluation tools, as well as clear definitions and precise role descriptions, are required for future research and practice into CM.
Interferon regulatory factor 5 is a potential target of autoimmune response triggered by Epstein-barr virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis: investigating a mechanism of molecular mimicry.

OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease characterised by a pro-inflammatory cytokines linked erosive joint damage and by humoral and cellular response against a broad range of self-peptides. Molecular mimicry between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and host peptides has long been regarded as an RA pathogenetic mechanism. Using bioinformatic analysis we identified high sequence homology among interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), EBV antigen BOLF1 and MAP antigen MAP_4027. Our objective was to evaluate the presence in sera of RA patients of antibodies (Abs) directed against human homologous IRF5 cross-reacting with BOLF1 and MAP_4027. METHODS Frequency of reactivity against IRF5424-434, BOLF1305-320 and MAP_402718-32 was tested by indirect ELISA in sera from 71 RA patients and 60 healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS RA sera show a remarkable high frequency of reactivity against IRF5424-434 in comparison to HCs (69% vs. 8%; p<0.0001). Similarly, seroreactivity against BOLF1305-320 was more frequently detected in RA sera than in HCs counterpart (58% vs. 8%; p<0.0001). Frequency of Abs against MAP_402718-32 was 17% in RA sera vs. 5% in HCs with a p-value at the threshold level (p<0.051). Prevalence of Abs against at least one of the assessed epitopes reached 72% in RA patients and 15% among HCs. Levels of Abs in RA patients were significantly related to systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS IRF5 is a potential autoimmune target of RA. Our results support the hypothesis that EBV and MAP infections may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA, igniting a secondary immune response that cross-reacts against RA self-peptides.
Multivariate Discrete Least-Squares Approximations with a New Type of Collocation Grid

In this work, we discuss the problem of approximating a multivariate function by discrete least-squares projection onto a polynomial space using a specially designed deterministic point set. The independent variables of the function are assumed to be random variables, stemming from the motivating application of uncertainty quantification. Our deterministic points are inspired by a theorem due to Andre Weil. We first work with the Chebyshev measure and consider the approximation in Chebyshev polynomial spaces. We prove the stability and an optimal convergence estimate, provided the number of points scales quadratically with the dimension of the polynomial space. A possible application for quantifying epistemic uncertainties is then discussed. We show that the point set asymptotically equidistributes to the product-Chebyshev measure, allowing us to propose a weighted least-squares framework and extending our method to more general polynomial approximations. Numerical examples are given to confirm the theore.
Septopal beads and autogenous bone grafting for bone defects in patients with chronic osteomyelitis.

Thirty-five patients with chronic osteomyelitis were treated with autogenous bone grafts for bone defects. Of 35 patients, two were lost to follow-up evaluation. There were 27 men and six women. The age range was from 18 to 62 years (median age, 29 years). The bones included 22 tibias, nine femurs, and two ulnas. The size of the bone defects ranged from 2.5 x 15 cm (median defect, 2.5 x 6 cm). The length of infection ranged from two to 540 months (median, 31 months). Twenty patients had nonunions and 19 patients required soft-tissue muscle transfers. Patients were treated with systemic antibiotics and/or gentamicin (Septopal) antibiotic beads. Twelve patients were treated with Septopal beads. The range of follow-up evaluation was 24 to 68 months (median, 47 months). Thirty-one of 33 patients had one bone-graft procedure and two patients required two. The time from initial debridement and infection control to bone graft for patients not requiring soft-tissue muscle flaps was one to six weeks (median time, four weeks). For patients requiring soft-tissue muscle transfer, the range was six to nine weeks (median, six weeks). The median time to bone-graft incorporation was six months. All fractures united. Complications included two refractures from auto accidents in the immediate postoperative period, one partial muscle loss, one skin-graft loss, four pin tract draining sites, and two antibiotic-related skin rashes. There was one recurrent infection, and the infection arrest rate was 97%. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A road map for teaching introductory programming using LEGO© mindstorms robots

In this paper, we describe a recent trend in the introductory computer science curriculum which advocates conceptualizing computation primarily as coordinated concurrent activities [8], [9], [10]. Consistent with this philosophy is the focus on the event-driven model of computation [7]. While one can utilize these approaches with any thread and/or event supporting object-oriented language (e.g. Java) in a desktop programming environment, they become particularly worthwhile when used in conjunction with physical robots. This paper argues the case for the benefits of this approach and provides sample exercises that illustrate the use of this pedagogy using Lego Mindstorms RCX bricks programmed in Java for use in introductory programming.
Evaluation of a Potential Enantioselective Interaction Between Ticlopidine and Warfarin in Chronically Anticoagulated Patients

Ticlopidine is a novel antiplatelet drug reported to cause significant inhibition of several drugs metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome P-450 enzyme system, including antipyrine and theophylline. Warfarin, a racemic mixture of two enantiomers (R and S), is extensively metabolized by the CYP-450 system. S-Warfarin is five to eight times as active as R-warfarin. The effects of ticlopidine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin were examined in nine elderly men (69 ± 4 years) receiving long-term warfarin therapy. Steady-state warfarin enantiomer concentrations and International Normalized Ratios (INRs) were determined at baseline and after 14 days of treatment with oral ticlopidine, 250 mg twice daily. Warfarin enantiomer serum concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography after chiral derivitization. Ticlopidine co-medication resulted in a significant increase in mean R-warfarin concentrations ( + 25.7%, p < 0.05), while no significant difference in S-warfarin concentrations was noted ( +0.8%). Mean INR values were not significantly different from the baseline ( +8.3%), although substantial interindividual variability was noted. We conclude that ticlopidine co-medication does result in an enantioselective kinetic interaction with warfarin; however, this interaction is likely to be of minimal clinical significance in most patients.
YopK controls both rate and fidelity of Yop translocation

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, utilizes a type III secretion system (T3SS) to intoxicate host cells. The injection of T3SS substrates must be carefully controlled, and dysregulation leads to altered infection kinetics and early clearance of Y. pestis. While the sequence of events leading up to cell contact and initiation of translocation has received much attention, the regulatory events that take place after effector translocation is less understood. Here we show that the regulator YopK is required to maintain fidelity of substrate specificity, in addition to controlling translocation rate. YopK was found to interact with YopD within targeted cells during Y. pestis infection, suggesting that YopK's regulatory mechanism involves a direct interaction with the translocation pore. In addition, we identified a single amino acid in YopK that is essential for translocation rate regulation but is dispensable for maintaining fidelity of translocation. Furthermore, we found that expression of YopK within host cells was sufficient to downregulate translocation rate, but it did not affect translocation fidelity. Together, our data support a model in which YopK is a bifunctional protein whose activities are genetically and spatially distinct such that fidelity control occurs within bacteria and rate control occurs within host cells.
Initial resident refractive surgical experience: outcomes of PRK and LASIK for myopia.

PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the outcome of initial resident surgical experience with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and LASIK. METHODS Retrospective review of all cases performed with the VISX Star S4 platform (Abbott Medical Optics) between July 1, 2003 and June 30, 2007. Inclusion criteria were spherical equivalent of -0.50 to -10.00 diopters (D), refractive astigmatic error of ≤3.00 D, intention to provide full distance correction, and minimum 3-month postoperative follow-up after initial ablation or retreatment (if performed). RESULTS A total of 153 cases performed by 20 different residents met the inclusion criteria; 38 eyes underwent PRK and 115 eyes had LASIK. After initial treatment, mean Snellen uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) after PRK was 20/17.3 and after LASIK was 20/19.5. Photorefractive keratectomy was associated with a significantly better approximation between preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and postoperative UDVA (ΔlogMAR 0.009 vs 0.091; P=.004) and a greater percentage of eyes that achieved UDVA of 20/20 or better (94.7% vs 78.3%; P=.02) or 20/30 or better (100% vs 87.8%; P=.02). There was a higher prevalence of retreatment in eyes that underwent LASIK (7.0% vs 0%; P=.20). One (0.9%) eye lost 2 lines of CDVA after LASIK. CONCLUSIONS Supervised refractive surgery residents can achieve excellent visual outcomes in patients operated during their initial refractive experience. Photorefractive keratectomy was associated with better visual outcome than LASIK.
The Accuracy or Inaccuracy of Affective Forecasts Depends on How Accuracy Is Indexed

Affective forecasting—the process in which individuals predict how they will feel at some point in the future—has become a major topic of research interest in social psychology (Kushlev & Dunn, 2011). The broad message emanating from the literature is that, on balance, people are generally poor at predicting how they will feel after future events (Gilbert, Pinel, Wilson, Blumberg, & Wheatley, 1998; for a review, see Ayton, Pott, & Elwakili, 2007). For example, Hoerger, Quirk, Lucas, and Carr (2009) showed that football fans were not as upset after their team’s loss as they had predicted they would feel. Similar effects have been reported for events of all types, ranging from such relatively inconsequential sports events (Hoerger et al., 2009; Wilson, Wheatley, Meyers, Gilbert, & Axsom, 2000) to major life-changing events, such as being diagnosed with HIV (Sieff, Dawes, & Loewenstein, 1999).