Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Condition of cleanliness of surfaces close to patients in an intensive care unit

La limpieza de las superficies es reconocidamente una medida de control de la diseminacion de microorganismos en el ambiente hospitalario. Este estudio prospectivo, realizado en una unidad de terapia intensiva, durante 14 dias, tuvo como objetivo describir las condiciones de limpieza/desinfeccion de cuatro superficies proximas al paciente. Cien evaluaciones de las superficies fueron realizadas despues del proceso de limpieza. Se utilizaron tres metodos para evaluar la limpieza: inspeccion visual, adenosin trifosfato (ATP) bioluminiscencia y presencia de Staphylococcus aureus/MSRA. Respectivamente, 20%, 80% y 16% de las evaluaciones por los metodos: visual, ATP y presencia de Staphylococcus aureus/MSRA, fueron consideradas reprobadas. Hubo diferencias estadisticamente significativas (p<0.05) entre las tasas de reprobacion de la limpieza utilizando los metodos ATP, comparado al visual y al microbiologico. La inspeccion visual no se mostro una medida confiable para evaluar la limpieza de las superficies. Los resultados demostraron que la actual rutina de limpieza precisa ser modificada.
Rhomboid Flap for Management of Pilonidal Sinus: A Comparative Study

Many surgical techniques have been described for the management of pilonidal sinus disease but none considered the gold standard. Surgery obliterating the anal cleft with asymmetrical closure of the defect after pilonidal sinus excision has good results. The optimal surgical method should be simple, associated with short hospital stay and low recurrence rate. The aim of this prospective randomized study was to compare the rhomboid flap and deep suturing technique for the primary closure of the defect after excision of the pilonidal sinus as regard hospital stay wound complication and recurrence. Forty patients with symptomatic chronic sinus disease were included, 20 for each. The mean hospital stay and the time to return to the work were shorter after rhomboid flap than deep suture technique (2.5 vs. 3.1and14vs23 days) both differences were statistically significant. Primary healing was achieved in all rhomboid flap patients while this was obtained in 17(75%) patients after deep suture technique. Wound complication was higher after deep suture technique where 3patients developed wound hematoma and infection,but no wound complication was observed in rhomboid flap patients. No recurrence has been identified yet in the rhomboid flap group, while 2 recurrences have developed in the deep suturing group (10%). Primary closure after excision of pilonidal sinus using rhomboid flap is an effective procedure, it is superior to deep suturing technique as regard hospital stay, wound complication, return to the work and recurrence
Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid cytokines and growth factors in multiple sclerosis patients with and without chronic headaches

Background: We previously reported that, in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), the frequency of chronic headaches was signifi cantly higher after administration of interferon beta (IFNβ). However, the mechanisms underlying IFNβ-related chronic headaches were unknown. Objective: To clarify the mechanisms underlying IFNβ-induced chronic headaches in MS patients by analyzing cytokine levels in cerebrospinal fl uid (CSF). Methods: We measured the levels of 27 CSF cytokines and growth factors using a fl uorescent bead-based immunoassay, during a headache-free period, in 34 MS patients enrolled in our previous survey on chronic headaches. Results: There were no signifi cant differences in CSF cytokine levels between the 21 MS patients with chronic headaches and the 13 without chronic headaches. Among the 14 patients receiving IFNβ therapy, the 5 patients with chronic headaches showed signifi cantly lower levels of interleukin (IL) 15, IL17 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) (also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MCP1) compared with the 9 patients without chronic headaches (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The present survey revealed that in MS, chronic headache sufferers on IFNβ therapy had decreased levels of IL15, IL17 and CCL2 in CSF. This suggests that chronic headaches may tend to develop in good responders to IFNβ.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMBINED USE OF ACECLOFENAC ALONG WITH THIOCOLCHICOSIDE AND ACECLOFENAC ALONE IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED OF LOW BACK PAIN

The present study was undertaken with the aim of comparing the efficacy of Aceclofenac along with Thiocolchicoside and Aceclofenac alone administered in patients diagnosed of low back pain. Forty patients of either sex in the age range of 18 to 55 years diagnosed of low back pain were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 each. One group was prescribed aceclofenac 100 mg along with thiocolchicoside 4mg (T+A), while the other group was prescribed aceclofenac 100 mg alone (A) twice a day for 7 days. Severity of pain at rest was recorded using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), while severity of pain on movement, restriction of movement and straight leg raising were recorded using scoring pattern at baseline and on day 2 and day 7 after start of treatment. On day 2 and day 7 after start of treatment there was a significant decrease in score of pain at rest assessed by VAS. Also scores of severity of pain on movement, restriction of movement and straight leg raising were significantly decreased as compared to baseline scores within both the groups. The decrease in score of pain was more pronounced with group T+A as compared to group A. Thus Thiocolchicoside is a useful adjunct to aceclofenac in the treatment of acute low back pain in clinical practice.
Human Papilloma Virus and Head and Neck Cancer- A Review

Head and neck cancer is very frequent around the world about 6%. Cancers in oropharyngeal region associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) type 16 oncogenic virus are presently on steep rise. HPV are small oncogenic DNA virus, nearly 200 types of which have been found till now. HPV can cause the abnormal growth of cells, but only the high-risk types (16, 18, 31, 33, 35 etc.) lead to cancer. The biology of HPV related oropharyngeal carcinomas is discrete with p53 degradation, RB pathway inactivation, p16 up regulation. Usually HPV related head and neck carcinomas are with good prognosis as they are more responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy than HPV negative Better understanding of the role of this virus in head and neck cancers would open avenues for the application of target specific therapies in the management of HPV associated cancers.
The Relationship between Serum Hemoglobin and Creatinine Levels and Intra-Hospital Mortality and Morbidity in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Studies have shown that Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations are two predictive values for ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (MI) mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between GFR and Hb concentrations and intra-hospital mortality and electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic abnormalities in ST-elevation MI patients admitted to a highly equipped hospital in Mashhad. The results will help define some factors to manage these patients more efficiently. Patients and Methods: This descriptive study aimed to assess the relationship between Hb and GFR concentrations and mortality and morbidity among 294 randomly selected patients with ST-elevation MI. Echocardiography, ECG, and routine laboratory tests, including Hb and creatinine, were performed for all the patients. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software, version 16 and were analyzed using chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Intra-hospital mortality rate was 10.5%. Besides, the results showed higher levels of serum blood sugar (P < 0.001), higher levels of creatinine (P < 0.001), lower levels of GFR (P < 0.001), lower ejection fraction (P < 0.001), higher grades of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (P = 0.002), and lower mean Hb concentration (P = 0.022) in the dead compared to the alive cases. Besides, the patients with mechanical complications had lower Hb levels (P = 0.008). The results showed no significant relationship between creatinine level and mechanical and electrical complications (P = 0.430 and P = 0.095, respectively). However, ejection fraction was significantly associated with GFR (P = 0.016). Conclusions: According to the results, low levels of Hb and GFR could predict mortality caused by ST-elevation MI and ECG abnormalities could notify intra-hospital death. Moreover, lower Hb levels were associated with mechanical complications and could be used as a parameter for diagnosis of high-risk patients.
EFFECT OF MAITLAND VS MULLIGAN MOBILISATION TECHNIQUE ON UPPER THORACIC SPINE IN PATIENTS WITH NON-SPECIFIC NECK PAIN - A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Background and introduction: Neck pain is a frequent and disabling complaint in general population. One of the most common causes of neck pain is mechanical dysfunction of cervical spine. Although diverse methods have been proposed for increasing cervical range of motion, joint mobilisation has been confirmed as effective in several studies. The current study will compare the effect of three different treatment protocols i.e. Maitland mobilisation, Mulligan mobilisation and conventional treatment on upper thoracic spine on female patients with neck pain. This study tries to find out new effective method for reducing the problem of pain. Method: 30 subjects were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into three groups: Maitland, Mulligan mobilization along with conventional treatment. Pre and post reading at 0 day, 14 th day and 21 th day were recorded for NDI and NPRS scale. Results: After three week protocol it was found that all the three groups showed significant improvement in NDI and NPRS score within the group. The present finding shows that Group B (Maitland) shows significant improvements in the NDI score and Group C (Mulligan) would shows significant improvements in the NPRS scores in the patients with nonspecific neck pain. Conclusion: The present study shows that Maitland mobilisation along with the conventional treatment prove to be more effective in improving NDI and NPRS scores in patients with nonspecific neck pain than Mulligan mobilisation along with the conventional treatment.
EFFICACY OF OCIMUM BASILICUM FOR IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RAT Research Article

Aim: Immunomodulatory effect of O. basilicum was studied. Methods and Results: Low and high dose of O. basilicum was administrated in wister albino rat. Antibody titre was estimated by SRBC titre method. RBC, WBC, Haemoglobin count was recorded. The biochemical parameters also estimated in treated and control animals. It enhanced the antibody titre value. It improves the RBC and haemoglobin count. Biochemical results were good when compared to control. Conclusion: O. basilicum showed immunomodulatory effect.
Density and Morphometry of Overall Myenteric Neurons Population from the Duodenum of Diabetic Rats (Rattus norvegicus) under Ascorbic Acid Supplementation

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la poblacion total de neuronas mientericas del duodeno de ratones adultos inducidos a diabetes por estreptozotocina, suplementados con acido ascorbico (AA), un poderoso antioxidante. Quince ratones con 90 dias de edad fueron divididos en los grupos: control (C), diabetico (D) y diabetico tratados con acido ascorbico (DA). Despues de 120 dias de tratamiento con AA, los duodenos fueron resecados y procesados con el metodo de Giemsa, el cual permitio evaluar la densidad neuronal, en un area de 8,96 mm2, y medir el area del soma de 500 neuronas por grupo. Se observo una reduccion de 32,55% de la densidad neuronal del grupo D con respecto grupo C (p 0,05) fueron comparados. Nuestros resultados permitieron concluir que la densidad de la poblacion total de las neuronas mioentericas del duodeno estuvo reducida en los ratones diabeticos comparados con los controles, mientras que, los ratones diabeticos suplementados con AA no mantuvieron su densidad neuronal cuando fueron comparados con los animales del grupo diabetico.
Avaliação do grau de satisfação de pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise

Objective: To identify the level of satisfaction in patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis regarding their care and the physical structure of the hemodialysis unit of the Hospital “de Base” of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP. Methods: This descriptive study used a Likettype scale to collect data from 81 patients from the nephrology department. Results: Almost all patients were very satisfied (53 %) or satisfied (47%) regarding their care and the physical structure of the hemodialysis unit. A few limitations of the service were also reported. Conclusion: Patients’ satisfaction with the service led to reflection among health care providers regarding their practice and served as an indicator for continuous improvement of the hemodialysis service.
Prevalência e relação de fatores emocionais e clínicos em pacientes com discopatia degenerativa

OBJETIVOS: describir las condiciones psicosociales, en el momento de la indicacion quirurgica, de pacientes con dolor lumbar cronico causado por discopatia degenerativa del disco. METODOS: en una serie de 32 casos de discopatia degenerativa del disco, se llevo a cabo una evaluacion psicologica antes de la cirugia para la cirugia electiva. En esta evaluacion, se recogieron datos socio-demograficos: de genero; edad; situacion laboral actual; la aparicion de retiro debido a la discapacidad; y la clinica del dolor psicologico: la restriccion fisica; uso de medicacion psiquiatrica controlada; el grado de ansiedad; el grado de depresion; el grado de la desesperanza; expectativas antes de la meta quirurgica. RESULTADOS: el grupo estaba compuesto por 13 mujeres y 14 hombres, edad media de 44,3 anos (23 a 65 anos). Los parametros de dolor y de la restriccion fisica estan en la accion suele ser indicativa de la cirugia, lo que indica ninguna peculiaridad en el grupo de estudio. Hemos demostrado una alta prevalencia y las correlaciones de cambios psicologicos en pacientes: el 50% en la depresion, el 54% en el marco de la ansiedad y el 22% en el marco de la desesperanza. Ademas, era posible mostrar altas tasas de ausencia del trabajo debido a la discapacidad y la correlacion de la presencia fisica de la ansiedad y la depresion de los casos donde las expectativas eran enganosas en cuanto a los resultados. CONCLUSIONES: el dolor lumbar cronico se acompana de imagenes de dolor y los trastornos psicologicos tales como ansiedad, depresion y la desesperanza. Estos parametros indican la necesidad de una evaluacion psicologica antes de la cirugia y el seguimiento, con miras a la rehabilitacion del paciente.
Avaliação de protocolo de prevenção e tratamento de úlceras de pressão

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pressure ulcers (PU) constitute an important health problem in particular in the intensive care unit (ICU). The objective of the study was to identify the number, degree and total score of PU on admission, ICU stay and discharge as well as to recognize factors influencing the appearance or development of PU and to identify the number of healed PU, thus so the incidence and prevalence. METHODS: All patients admitted > 24 hrs were prospectively included during one year. Seventy patients were excluded for insufficient data. The prevention protocol (Norton scale; positioning according the risk grade) and therapeutic protocol (hydrocolloid dressings; hydrogel dressings if tissue necrosis and/or devitalized and alginate dressings if ulcer bleeds) was applied to all patients. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty five patients were studied. Eighteen patients were admitted already with PU. During ICU stay, 40 patients developed a total of 125 PU. The prevalence of PU was 37.41% and incidence was 25.8%. The development of new PU occurred on average by the 7th day. Patients with PU presented 2.6 PU on the average. Seventy nine percent of the patients admitted in the ICU remained stable or improved. Patients admitted with PU had a SAPS 2 significantly higher than those without, 54 ± 8.7 and 44 ± 17, respectively (p = 0.015). At the day of discharge, patients classified as high risk had significantly more PU (p = 0.039). Non-survivors had significantly more PU than survivors (p < 0.001). Patients with longer ICU stay had more PU (p < 0.001) CONCLUSIONS: In our patient population we found 37.41% prevalence and 25.8% incidence of PU. The present prevention protocol of PU was effective in 79% of the patients; severely ill patients developed PU more frequently.
Clinical benefits of Emotional Freedom Techniques on food cravings at 12-months follow-up: A randomized controlled trial

This randomized, single-blind, crossover trial tested whether participants who used Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) maintained reduced food cravings after 12-months and updates previously reported 6-month findings. Ninety-six overweight/obese adults were allocated to a 4-week EFT treatment or waitlist condition. Degree of food craving, perceived power of food, restraint capabilities, and psychological symptoms were assessed pre- and posttest and at 12-month follow-up for collapsed groups. Significant improvements occurred in weight, body mass index, food cravings, subjective power of food, craving restraint, and psychological coping for EFT participants from pretest to 12 months (p < .05). It appears EFT can result in participants maintaining reduced cravings over time and affect weight and BMI in overweight and obese individuals.
Homocystinuria: Studies in Tissue Culture

Extract: Cystathionine synthase activities are reported for extracts of fibroblasts grown from 39 control subjects, 47 homocystinuric individuals, and 10 parents of cystathionine synthase-deficient patients. Among the group with homocystinuria, fibroblast extracts from 38 had specific activities of cystathionine synthase below the control range. A number of considerations indicate that these 38 patients excrete homocystine because of cystathionine synthase deficiency. Fibroblasts from nine patients with homocystinuria had specific activities of cystathionine synthase within the control range. This group of nine was shown to be comprised of two individuals with cystathionine synthase deficiency, three with deficient activity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, three with deficient activity of N5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyl-transferase, and one in whom homocystine excretion found by others in earlier studies could not be confirmed during the present investigation. The specific activities in fibroblasts of parents of cystathionine synthase deficient patients in most cases fall near the low end of the control range.An assay of increased sensitivity was used to measure the cystathionine synthase activities in extracts of fibroblasts from cystathionine synthase-deficient patients at several concentrations of added pyridoxal phosphate. Of 25 cystathionine synthase-deficient patients judged to be clinically responsive to pyridoxine treatment, 24 had detectable cystathionine synthase activities in fibroblast extracts when the assays were performed without added pyridoxal phosphate. These activities ranged from approximately 0.1 % to 10% of the mean control value, and generally were stimulated no more by the addition of pyridoxal phosphate than were extracts from normal cells. Of 10 cystathionine synthase-deficient patients judged not to be responsive to pyridoxine, 9 had no cystathionine synthase activity in fibroblast extracts detected by the method employed. The cystathionine synthase in the cell extracts of the single nonresponsive patient with significant activity was stimulated much more by in vitro addition of pyridoxal phosphate than was control cystathionine synthase.Genetic heterogeneity in cystathionine synthase-deficient patients and some of the genetic implications of the demonstrated α2β2 subunit structure of mammalian cystathionine synthase are discussed.Speculation: Knowledge of enzyme activities, which includes cystathionine synthase, N5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, in cultured fibroblasts is of diagnostic value in distinguishing between the several genetic abnormalities which may lead to excessive excretion of homocystine in the urine.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and related drug use among pregnant women of South-Western Nigeria

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are quite common in pregnancy but there is paucity of data in regard to their frequencies in the south-western part of Nigeria. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of various gastrointestinal symptoms and related drug use among south-western Nigerian women. Methods: A cross-sectional multicenter study involving three centers in two states of south-western Nigeria from March to August 2014. A composite questionnaire consisting of demographic data, anthropometric indices, obstetrics information, a list of gastrointestinal symptoms and drug usage was administered to 420 consecutive healthy pregnant women at various gestational ages. Data were analysed and presented as means ±S.D, frequencies and percentages. Relationships between categorical variables were explored with chi-square test. A 5% significance level (p < 0.05) was considered significant. Results: Respondents had age range of 18-43years and a mean of 27.26 (±4.98). The commonest gastrointestinal symptom was nausea (46.9%), followed by vomiting (45.0%) and then anorexia (36.2%). Excessive salivation, heart burn, constipation, regurgitation, and bloating had frequencies of 35.5%, 28.3%, 20.7%, 19.0% and 18.3% respectively. Epigastric pain was the least frequent among the symptoms (16.9%). The association between the parity of respondents and each of the GI symptoms was not statistically significant. But associations between educational status and excessive salivation and anorexia were statistically significant (P-value of 0.018 and 0.023 respectively). Subjects with heartburn had the highest drug usage (23.5%), followed by those with vomiting (22.8%). Subjects with excessive salivation (2%) had the least drug intake. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common among pregnant women of south-western Nigeria. There is need for the physician to be abreast with the prevalence of the common pregnancy related GI problems in the particular locality of practice and the appropriate way to manage them.
Acessibilidade da estrutura física hospitalar para a prática da higienização das mãos

RESUMO A higienizacao das maos e o procedimento mais simples e eficaz na prevencao e controle das infeccoes relacionadas a assistencia a saude. Contudo, a adesao a esta pratica e excessivamente baixa. Considera-se a infraestrutura inadequada dos servicos de saude um dos fatores relacionados a baixa adesao. Diante disso, conduziu-se um estudo observacional e transversal para avaliar a infraestrutura hospitalar para a pratica da higienizacao das maos. Os sujeitos e a fonte de informacao foram medicos, enfermeiros e a estrutura das unidades de um hospital da regiao noroeste do Parana. Utilizou-se para a coleta de dados um instrumento estruturado e, para a analise, a estatistica descritiva. Os insumos e equipamentos, tais como pias e dispensadores para a pratica da higienizacao das maos, eram limitados. Existem falhas na infraestrutura para a pratica da higienizacao das maos, o que pode comprometer a qualidade da assistencia e a seguranca do paciente. Palavras-cha ha ha have: e: e: e: das maos. Servicos de saude. Estrutura dos servicos. Infeccao hospitalar.