Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of diverse weed flora of cumin by sole and combined herbicide application

The field experiment was conducted during rabi 2014-15 to 2016-17 on clayey soil at Junagadh (Gujarat) to evaluate the efficacy of some preand post-emergence herbicides in combination with hand weeding (HW) for weed management in cumin. The major weed flora observed in the field were monocots viz., Brachiaria spp. (signal grass), Asphodelus tenuifolius (wild onion), Indigofera glandulosa (three leaf indigo), Echinochloa colona (Barnyard grass) and Dactyloctenium aegyptium (crow foot grass), dicots viz., Chenopodium album (common lambs quarters), Digera arvensis (false amaranth), Amaranthus viridis (pigweed), Portulaca oleracea (purslane), Physalis minima (ground cherry), Euphorbia hirta (common spurge) and Leucas aspera (thumba), and Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge) as sedge. The results revealed that the treatments viz., weed free, pendimethalin 900 g ha-1 as preemergence fb HW at 45 DAS and oxadiargyl 75 g ha-1 as early post-emergence at 7 DAS fb HW at 45 DAS significantly enhanced growth and yield attributes viz., plant height, number of branches per plant, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellates per umbel, number of seeds per umbel and 1000-seed weight, and ultimately increased seed (967, 934 and 919 kg ha-1) and stalk (2007, 1892 and 1849 kg ha-1) yields over unweeded check. These treatments also recorded the lower dry weight of weed at harvest (69, 188 and 277 kg ha-1) and weed index (0.00, 3.38 and 4.95%) as well as higher weed control efficiency (96.21, 89.62 and 88.06%) along with higher net returns (Rs. 64291, 66772 and 65328 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.17, 3.80 and 3.74) over unweeded check.
Comparative Biometrical Studies on the Trachea and Lungs in Adult Pashmina, Bakerwali and Non-descript Goats of Jammu & Kashmir State

This present study was conducted on the trachea and lungs of adult Pashmina, Bakerwali and non-descript goats to compare the biometrical features of these organs among these breeds. For this, a total of 10 samples from each goat breed were collected. The mean length of the trachea in adult Pashmina, Bakerwali and non-descript goats were recorded as 19.70±0.55 cm, 27.35±0.43 cm and 27.24±1.02 cm, respectively. It was found that the length of the trachea was significantly shorter in case of Pashmina goat as compared to the other two breeds. Also, the width of the middle segment of the trachea was found to be significantly lesser in Pashmina goat. Similarly, the mean weight of the two lungs and their length at various levels in regard to different lobes showed variations among these three breeds and were significant for some biometrical parameters.
EURECA 2013 – Evaluation of CFD Sub-Models for the Intake Manifold Port Flow Analysis Evaluation of CFD Sub-Models for the Intake Manifold Port Flow Analysis

The purpose of this research is to appraise and simulate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, with respect to computing time, which can predict the flow conditions in an Intake Manifold (IM) of naturally aspirated Spark ignition (SI) engine by using flow analysis numerical model from ANSYS CFD software (FLUENT 14.0). The simulations are carried out by using different steady state Reynolds Averaged Navier Stoke (RANS) turbulence models such as Standard k-epsilon (k-ε) ReNormalization Group k-ε (RNG), Realizable k-ε, k-omega (k-ω) and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). Initial Boundary conditions and validation of simulation results based on experimental data are used. It is observed that each model produces almost similar results when it comes to pressure drop inside plenum and inlet velocity. However, RNG kε accounts for swirl dominated flow, predicting better flow conditions inside the manifold. Therefore, RNG kε is best to capture intake manifold flow turbulent conditions. Keywords— Fluent, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Intake Manifold, Realizable k-ε, k-omega (k-ω), Re-Normalization Group k-ε (RNG), Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), Turbulent flow.
Report of the Committee on India Vision 2020

FOREWORD Every country needs a vision statement which stirs the imagination and motivates all segments of society to greater effort. It is an essential step in building a political consensus on a broad national development strategy, which encompasses, inter-alia, the roles and responsibilities of different agents in the economy, such as Central, State and local government, the private corporate sector, the small and tiny sector, people's organisations etc. It must identify the potential risks and bottlenecks and their possible solutions in order to mobilise efforts in a focussed manner. It is clear, therefore, that to meet these objectives , a vision statement has to operate at several levels of generality and specificity. In order to address these issues, among others, the Planning Commission constituted a Committee on Vision 2020 for India in June 2000 under the chairmanship of Dr. S.P. Gupta, Member, Planning Commission. This initiative brought together over 30 experts from different fields. Their deliberations, extending over a period of more than two years, has helped to throw up a range of interesting possibilities, critical issues and crucial decision-points for government and private bodies for future action. The Report of the Committee examines many important issues, but the ones that stand out most powerfully are employment and education. In order to ensure access to food and other essentials of a healthy life for all citizens, India faces the challenge of generating 200 million new employment opportunities over the next two decades. This report calls for raising employment generation to the top of the nation's development agenda and marshalling all available resources to create employment opportunities for all job-seekers. It goes even further by identifying the sectors which offer the greatest potential for job creation as well as critical policy issues that need to be addressed in order to fully tap that potential. Education is the second main thrust area of this document. Greater coverage and better quality education at all levels from basic literacy to hi-tech science and technology is the essential prerequisite for raising agricultural productivity and industrial quality, spurring growth of India's budding IT and biotechnology sectors, stimulating growth of manufactured and service exports, improving health and nutrition, domestic stability and quality of governance. The report calls for concerted efforts to abolish illiteracy, achieve 100 per cent enrolment at primary and secondary levels, and broaden access to higher education and vocational training through both traditional and non-traditional …
Lynx Ecology in the Southern Canadian Rocky Mountains: Preliminary Results and Conservation Implications

Throughout the range of the Canada lynx, snowshoe hares are considered their primary prey. Relative to northern populations, hares occurring in mountainous regions at southern latitudes are thought to remain at low and stable densities. Hence, the ecology of southern lynx populations is expected to resemble that of northern populations during the low phase of the hare population cycle. The space use, diet, and demographics of lynx in the Rocky Mountains of southern British Columbia and Alberta are consistent with this hypothesis, based on data collected from 10 lynx, including 6 (3M, 3F) resident adults, during 2 years of an assumed increase phase of a hare cycle. Mean hare densities were low, ranging from 0.01–0.47/ha among cover types and landscapes. Lynx diet (n = 137 kills) was diverse, and included hares (52%), red squirrels (30%), northern flying squirrels (5%), grouse (3%), martens (3%), and voles (3%). Kitten recruitment to winter was 0 among adult females for 4 lynx-years. Family groups that did occur in the study area during winter were associated with small litters of 2. Survival among resident adults was 100%, but 3 of 4 subadults monitored during winter did not survive to mid-May. Home ranges were large, with annual 95% adaptive kernel utilization distributions averaging 381 and 239 km2 for resident males and females respectively. Minimum daily movements averaged 3.8 and 3.0 km respectively. Two juvenile dispersals were short (44 and 17 km) and ended in starvation. Results suggest that lynx populations in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains are not subject to the dramatic cyclic pulses in productivity reported for northern populations. Coupled with evidence that resident animals are patchy in distribution, this implies that lynx are vulnerable to mismanagement of habitat and populations within this region. Alan Dibb Parks Canada P.O. Box 220, Radium Hot Springs, BC, V0A 1M0, Canada Anna J. Fontana British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks 205 Industrial Road G, Cranbrook, BC, V1C 6H3, Canada
Comparing pitfall trapping and suction sampling data collection for ground-dwelling spiders in artificial forest gaps

Abstract. This study focuses on the comparison of two frequent ground-dwelling spider collecting methods, pitfall trapping and D-Vac suction sampling, in relation to artificial gap openings of a forest stand in West-Hungary. With pitfall traps, we collected 928 specimens, representing 34 species. With suction sampling, we collected 1254 specimens, belonging to 41 species. Examining the distribution of the communities, both sampling methods showed higher spider densities in forest gaps than in the forest stand. On average, the pitfall trapping accessed larger-sized spider species. The hunting and nocturnal spiders were also represented in the pitfall samples, while the D-Vac method detected more web builders. The ordination analysis showed that the two methods accessed different communities. Thus, we suggest their combined use.
DECAF++: Elastic Whole-System Dynamic Taint Analysis

Whole-system dynamic taint analysis has many unique applications such as malware analysis and fuzz testing. Compared to process-level taint analysis, it offers a wider analysis scope, a better transparency and tamper resistance. The main barrier of applying whole-system dynamic taint analysis in practice is the large slowdown that can be sometimes up to 30 times. Existing optimization schemes have either considerable baseline overheads (when there is no tainted data) or speciﬁc hardware dependencies. In this paper, we propose an elastic whole-system dynamic taint analysis approach, and implement it in a prototype called DECAF++. Elastic whole-system dynamic taint analysis strives to perform taint analysis as least frequent as possible while maintaining the precision and accuracy. Although similar ideas are explored before for process-level taint analysis, we are the ﬁrst to successfully achieve true elasticity for whole-system taint analysis via pure software approaches. We evaluated our prototype DECAF++ on nbench, apache bench, and SPEC CPU2006. Under taint analysis loads, DE-CAF++ achieves 202% speedup on nbench and 66% speedup on apache bench. Under no taint analysis load, DECAF++ imposes only 4% overhead on SPEC CPU2006.
Pre-Season Bilateral Strength Asymmetries of Professional Soccer Players and Relationship with Non-Contact Injury of Lower Limb in the Season

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bilateral pre-season strength asymmetries and the injury of the lower limb in the season. Examined group consisted of 227 soccer players playing in the highest league competition in the Czech Republic (age 25.44±8.7, body height=182.1±6.6 cm, body weight=77.5±6.9 kg). We measured the isokinetic strength of the flexors and extensors of the knee by using the Cybex dynamometer Humac Norm at 60 m.s-1 angular speed and then we compared the bilateral asymmetries between the dominant and non-dominant lower limb in knee flexors and extensors. We retrospectively compare the injury to pre-seasonal bilateral strength imbalances between flexors and extensors of the knee. The results show that 65.9% of players who suffered non-contact leg injuries in the season had imbalances in knee extensors between preferred and non-preferred lover limb ≥10% difference before the season and the percentage of injured players with bilateral asymmetry of knee flexors was 67.9%. These results predict that abnormal muscle asymmetry between the lower extremities may be one of the causes of injury in the area of lower extremities.
FACTORS AFFECTING SEVENTH GRADERS ’ COGNITIVE PERCEPTIONS OF PATTERNS INVOLVING CONSTRUCTIVE AND DECONSTRUCTIVE GENERALIZATIONS

This Year Two study from a three Rivera-year longitudinal research project involves eight 7 th graders’ ability to develop and justify constructive and deconstructive generalization involving pattern in algebra. Utilizing qualitative methodology, we address the following research questions: What is the nature of students’ constructive generalizations? How stable are their generalizing processes over an academic year? What factors influence their ability to develop and justify constructive and deconstructive formulas? Results indicate that while students’ use of numerical strategies to develop an algebraic generalization remained strong, they lost some ground in being able to interpret their formulas visually. We discuss problems students have in recognizing invariance and the representational forms that are associated with variable-based generalizations.
Effect of Gibberellic Acid Spraying on Alternate Bearing of Olive Trees

The present study was carried out for three successive seasons 2008/2009, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 on fifteen years old of olive trees cv. Picual to reduce the degree of alternate bearing of olive through spraying gibberellic acid (GA3) on first or mid of December or on first or mid of January at concentrations, 0, 25, 50 and 75 ppm. The results showed that, spraying the olive trees with GA3 at 75 ppm on first December impact on reducing the density of flowering, fruit set, decreased the yield of 2009 season as compared with most GA3 concentrations, while control gave the highest yield. On the contrary, in 2010 season GA3 at 75 ppm on first December gave the highest yield, while control gave the lowest yield. In 2011 season, the control gave the highest yield while the lowest yield was observed when trees were sprayed with GA3 at 75 ppm at mid January. Spraying the olive trees with GA3 at 75 ppm on first December reduced the alternate bearing index (ABI) in comparison with other GA3 concentrations in different times. Spraying the olive trees with GA3 at 75 ppm on first December led to an increase in vegetative growth and to improve in fruit characteristics and increase the oil percentage.
Shifting Seropositivity for Hepatitis A in Children in Istanbul , Turkey , From 1996 to 2011 and Evaluation of Hepatitis A-Associated Risk Factors

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, and the epidemiology of HAV is associated with hygiene and socioeconomic status. In this study, we investigated the seropositivity for HAV and the associated socioeconomic factors in children. In addition, we compared the results with previously reported seropositivity data from the same center in Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey, from 1996. A number of 400 children aged between 2-18 years, from the outpatient clinics, were tested for anti-HAV IgG antibodies and a questionnaire was administered that addressed gender, age, number of household members, monthly family income, history of jaundice and immunization, number of rooms in the house, education level of the parents, day-care/school attendance, and type of water supply. The overall seropositivity was 12.5%. The seropositivity increased with increasing age: 11.5% in children 2-<6 years old and 13.2% in children 10-18 years old. Significant associations between anti-HAV seropositivity and socioeconomic status, a history of jaundice, monthly family income were found (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.04, respectively). Also children under 6 years old, who were attending day-care had higher seropositivity rates. Only the association between the history of jaundice and anti-HAV seropositivity remained significant in the multivariate analysis, with an adjusted Odds ratio of 13.1 (95% CI, 2.9-59.5; p=0.001). There was a significant decline in the overall seropositivity for anti-HAV between 1996 and 2011. The frequency and severity of clinical HAV infection may increase in older age groups, and as a consequence, outbreaks can occur.
Factors associated with improved Karnofsky performance status after surgery for petroclival meningiomas : a 10-year follow-up retrospective study

Objectives: Petroclival meningiomas, generally, have a good prognosis. However, neurological dysfunction, complications, and recurrence/progression after surgery seriously affect the long-term quality of life of patients. The aim of the current study was to determine factors involved in improvement of Karnofsky performance scores (KPS) after surgery for petroclival meningiomas. Methods: A retrospective study of 163 patients with petroclival meningiomas was conducted. Patients underwent surgery between May 2006 and October 2015 at Sanbo Brain Hospital (China). According to changes in KPS during long-term follow-ups, the patients were divided into improvement and no improvement groups. Prognostic factors associated with improvements in KPS were identified. Results: Compared with the no improvement group, the KPS improvement group had lower preoperative KPS scores (P < 0.001), higher postoperative KPS scores (P = 0.021), and higher frequencies of cranial nerve 1 involvement (P = 0.029). Compared with the no improvement group, the improvement group showed higher postoperative KPS scores (P < 0.001), as well as higher rates of gross total resection, subtotal resection + radiotherapy, and subtotal resection (all P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that duration of symptoms (OR = 0.985, 95% CI: 0.972-0.998, P = 0.021), preoperative KPS (OR = 0.798, 95% CI: 0.710-0.860, P < 0.001), and postoperative KPS (OR = 1.153, 95% CI: 1.092-1.218, P < 0.001) were independently associated with improvements in long-term KPS after treatment. Cranial nerve involvement, surgical approach, and extent of resection were not associated. Conclusion: Present results suggest that duration of symptoms, preoperative KPS, and postoperative KPS are associated with improved long-term KPS after surgery for petroclival meningiomas.
The effect of orphanhood on primary school attendance reconsidered: the power of female-headed households in Tanzania

The common presumption that orphans are less likely to attend school than non-orphans is re-examined using survey data from two regions in Tanzania. It is argued that orphans should not be compared simply with non-orphans since there are other vulnerable groups of children. Further, with particular reference to place of residence, it is argued that orphans should not be viewed as a homogeneous group. In Tanzania both orphans and a second, sizable, also potentially vulnerable group of children children who have not lost a parent, but who live with only one or neither of their parents ('children from disjointed families') are less likely than other children to attend school in urban and roadside settlements but hardly so in rural areas. This is explained by most orphans and children from disjointed families residing in female-headed households, and by female-headed households struggling more in urban/roadside than in rural areas, because of the different histories of women's economic activity and different livelihood structures between those areas.
2 Related Work Following the success of deep neural networks for image classification

Exploiting long-range contextual information is key for pixel-wise prediction tasks such as semantic segmentation. In contrast to previous work that uses multi-scale feature fusion or dilated convolutions, we propose a novel graph-convolutional network (GCN) to address this problem. Our Dual Graph Convolutional Network (DGCNet) models the global context of the input feature by modelling two orthogonal graphs in a single framework. The first component models spatial relationships between pixels in the image, whilst the second models interdependencies along the channel dimensions of the network’s feature map. This is done efficiently by projecting the feature into a new, lower-dimensional space where all pairwise interactions can be modelled, before reprojecting into the original space. Our simple method provides substantial benefits over a strong baseline and achieves state-of-the-art results on both Cityscapes (82.0% mean IoU) and Pascal Context (53.7% mean IoU) datasets.
Anatomical Study of Gall Bladder and External Morphology

Introduction The gallbladder is the pear shaped musculomembranous structure lodged in a fossa on the inferior surface of the right lobe of the liver and shows various anomalies and anatomic variations. For upper abdominal surgeries and radiological approach it is very important to know and understand the anatomy and different types of variations of the gall bladder. objective Aim of this study was to study External morphology of gallbladder . Material and method:-Study was conducted on 60 gallbladder obtained from formalin fixed cadavers. Location, Shape, length and transverse diameter of gall bladder were studied. Result : Commonest shape observed in this study was pear shaped . Average length of gallbladder was found to be 10.5cm. Mean diameter of gall bladder was 3.4 cm, folded Gall bladder and hartmann pouch were observed. Commonest location of Gallbladder is supramarginal . Conclusion : Knowledge of this variations of Gallbladder is important for surgeon and radiologist for avoid iatrogenic injuries during procedures.
Effects of a program of eccentric exercises on hamstrings in youth soccer players

Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de un programa de ejercicios excéntricos de 6 semanas de duración sobre el rango de extensión activa de rodilla en futbolistas juveniles. Material y método: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado y controlado de corte longitudinal. La muestra fue constituida por 37 futbolistas juveniles (18 grupo control y 19 experimental) de sexo masculino entre 14 y 16 años pertenecientes a las categorías sub-15 y sub-16 de un club deportivo de la ciudad de Talca, Chile. Todos los jugadores fueron evaluados en una sesión preintervención (S0) midiendo el rango de extensión activa de rodilla en la pierna dominante (PD) y no dominante (PND) con el test Active Knee Extension (AKE) utilizando un electrogoniómetro. El grupo experimental fue sometido a ejercicios excéntricos de la musculatura isquiotibial 3 veces a la semana por un periodo de 6 semanas. Las sesiones de intervención se llevaron a cabo previo al entrenamiento habitual de los futbolistas. Ambos grupos fueron reevaluados en 4 sesiones: tercera (S1), sexta (S2), novena (S3) y duodécima semana (S4). Resultados: En el grupo control no se observan ganancias en el rango de extensión activa de rodilla, mientras que en los futbolistas que fueron sometidos a 6 semanas de ejercicio excéntrico se observa una ganancia del rango de movimiento de 11,4° para la PD y de 7,8° para la PND. En este grupo los cambios significativos se produjeron a la S1 (p = 0,005) en PD y PND (p = 0,008); S2 en PD (p < 0,001) y PND (p = 0,006); y S3 en la PD (p = 0,004). Conclusión: Un entrenamiento progresivo de ejercicios excéntricos de 6 semanas sobre la musculatura isquiotibial genera cambios positivos en el rango de extensión activa de rodilla, disminuyendo el acortamiento de este grupo muscular, principalmente, en la pierna dominante. Los efectos se mantienen hasta la tercera semana una vez finalizada la intervención. Palabras clave: Ejercicios de contracción excéntrica. Acortamiento de isquiotibiales. Fútbol. Deportes. Summary