Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Risk Factors, in Hospital Mortality and Treatment among the Patients with AMI in Durres Population.

The objectives for this paper are to investigate the differences in the risk factors, treatment and in hospital mortality between men and women among the patients with AMI in Durres population. Prospective Observational study was used. 259 patients consecutive with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who presented in the Cardiology Department, Regional Hospital of Durres, Albania between January 2011 to October 2013 were included in the study. Demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, and clinical data were collected from hospital medical records. Coronary risk factors and previous conditions were assessed by a specific questionnaire administered to patients. All variables were precisely defined and their collection was standardized. The CCU application of various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures was also recorded, including coronary angiography and reperfusion procedures. The results Of 259 pts, 183 (70.6%) were males and 76 (29.4%) were females. The women were significantly older than the men (72 ± 8.7 vs 63 ± 11) p= 0.001. Women had a higher proportion of history of diabetes (31.6 % vs.29.0%), hypertension (77.6% vs 64.5%)), obesity (57.9% vs 48.6%) but a lower percentage had a history of smoking(19.7% vs. 68.7%)) , previous AMI (10.5% vs. 14.8%) and revascularization (25.0% vs.41.0%). However, there were more men with dyslipidemia (81.9%vs 72.4%) and positive family history((46.8%vs39.5%). The women more frequently had an AMI of anterior localization (46.1% vs 36.1%), and they had a significantly higher Killip class at admission (Killip IV; 18.4% vs. 10.9%), compared with the men. The women received almost the same pharmacological treatment like men. A signiﬁcant proportion of men 75 (41.0%) underwent coronary catheterization compared to women 15 (25.0%) P 0.015]. Mortality in CCU was significantly higher in women, 10 (5,46% vs 8(10.5%). P₌ 0.05. The conclusions for the study can be summarized within the following statements; Women have a worse prognosis after an AMI largely as a function of clinical factors. There is a sex difference in the rate of invasive procedures. Women with AMI were older and had a higher incidence of hypertension, obesity and diabetes than men.
The roles of capitals in building capacity to address urban flooding in the shift to a new water management approach

Stresses on water resources are considerable and will intensify in the future due to climatic and non-climatic drivers. The emerging shift from science-based command and control ‘old’ water management approach to a dynamic and integrative systems view of water—a ‘new’ water management approach—was explored using the concept of capacity, operationalized using the livelihoods capitals approach (i.e. physical, natural, financial, human and social capitals), as a conceptual lens in a multiple case study of notable cases of urban flooding from Canada and Australia. The findings show that there are changing conceptualizations of capacity in both cases over time. Physical and financial capitals have been emphasized for decades and are associated with the old water management approach, responding to major flood events with the construction of large control structures. While the importance of these capital inputs persists, the approach to building capacity under the emergence of the new water management approach places an increasing relative emphasis on social and human capitals. The lack of emphasis on natural capital persisted over time and should be considered explicitly in flood management. This study demonstrates how the capitals approach contributes to the very much needed understanding of how the shift from the old to a new water management approach is being expressed for both present-day decisions and long-term trajectories.
First observation of neutrophil extracellular traps in human leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is the most important global zoonosis and is caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira . Human leptospirosis ranges in severity from a mild, self-limited febrile illness to a fulminant life-threatening one but their pathogenesis is still unclear. The extracellular release of the nuclear DNA of neutrophils, called NETs, upon activation by microbes is a pathogen-killing mechanism of neutrophils described in 2004 although its presence in human pathology have been observed only very recently. We report a case of fatal fulminant leptospirosis with associated severe pulmonary involvement and shown for the first time, evidence of the presence of NETs in the lung tissue.
Thermodynamic Properties of Gas Generated by Rapeseed Methyl Ester-Air Combustion Under Fuel-Lean Conditions

Biodiesel in the form of rapeseed methyl ester (RME) has been widely used for transportation as a partial (or complete) substitute fuel for compression ignition (diesel) engines. The properties of gas generated by the combustion of RME and air under fuel-lean conditions were studied. A simple analytical model was used to determine the burned gas composition. Firstly, the effects of relative air/fuel ratios on flue gas composition were studied theoretically, without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). As the relative air/fuel ratios increased, carbon dioxide and water vapor decreased, while oxygen increased in the burned gases. The mass and molecular weight of the burned gas reduced with increasing relative air/fuel ratios. Secondly, the thermodynamic properties (i.e. specific heat, specific heat ratio, enthalpy and entropy) of the burned gas mixture, as they were affected by the relative air/fuel ratio, were calculated based upon the element concentrations of individual component in the chemical equilibrium state. The thermodynamic properties of RME-air combustion gas were plotted against relative air/fuel ratios under fuel-lean conditions and were compared to those from conventional diesel fuels. Under certain conditions, good agreement was found. This research produced primary data for further calculations regarding the thermochemistry of biodiesel-air combustion analysis.
Individual and institutional challenges facing student athletes on U.S. college campuses

Student athletes face challenges of individual nature including their personal involvement in academic oriented activities, time constraints, class attendance, personal goal setting and career choices, physical and emotional fatigue, transition to college environment and academic grades, as well as external ones such as coach demands, institutional policies, discrimination; marginalization from college mainstream activities; college mission and learning environment, and eligibility demands from National Collegiate Athletic Association and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics. It is prudent for college administrators to purposely create an accommodating learning environment as well as striving to integrate the student athletes into college wide activities. Key words: Student athlete, faculty, racism, stereotype, gender inequality, student involvement theory, intercollegiate athletics/sports, graduation rate.
Anti-angiogenic effect of eugenol on a Wistar rat aortic ring

Background: Angiogenesis is an essential process during development. Eugenol has been used to treat diverse diseases for many years. The purpose of the present study was to examine the anti-angiogenic effect of eugenol on a Wistar rat aortic ring. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, rat aorta rings were cultured in a collagen matrix. After observation of vessel sprouting, the samples were allocated into control and experimental groups treated with different concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8 mM) of eugenol and three samples were considered for each concentration. After 24 and 48 hours from treatment, all samples were photographed and the number and length of blood vessels were measured using Image J software.Results: The mean number and length of blood vessels in the experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 were (16.36Â±0.57,171.31Â±1.56 mm), (11.66Â±1.15, 163.03Â±1.88 mm), and (6.66Â±0.57, 140.35Â±0.59 mm) respectively at 24 hours and (15.33Â±1.15, 171.32Â±0.47 mm), (9.33Â±1.15, 134.91Â±0.91 mm) and (2.66Â±1.15, 100.67Â±0.59 mm) at 48 hours after treatment with eugenol which showed a significant decrease in a dose- and time-dependent manner compared to the control group (18.66Â±0.57, 195/79Â±3/35 mm) (P
The Effects of Perceived Leadership Styles and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour on Employee Engagement: The Mediating Role of Conflict Management

In recent years, employee engagement has become a topic that keeps coming up and often debated by the top management particularly in the public sector agencies due to the differences in the work and leadership styles, commitment and job performances exhibited by the new officers that seem to generate mix perceptions and, to some extent, disrupt the good relationship between them and senior officers thus destabilizing the organizations. Although this scenario is particularly known to occur in the public sector, adequate research on employee engagement that is heavily influenced by the styles of leadership and organizational citizenship behavior are poorly executed. Meanwhile, conflict management which is believed to mediate the relationship is also misunderstood based on the resulting gap in Social Exchange Theory and Path Goal Theory. This review is part of a growing body of research on employee engagement and it is believed that it will contribute vastly to future research on similar topics.
Uncertainties in the national inventory of methane emissions from rice cultivation: field measurements and modeling approaches

Abstract. Uncertainties in national inventories originate from a variety of sources, including methodological failures, errors, and insufficiency of supporting data. In this study, we analyzed these sources and their contribution to uncertainty in the national inventory of rice paddy methane emissions in China and compared the differences in the approaches used (e.g., direct measurements, simple regressions, and more complicated models). For the 495 field measurements we collected from the scientific literature, the area-weighted 95 % CI (confidence interval) ranged from 13.7 to 1115.4 kg CH4 ha−1, and the histogram distribution of the measurements agreed well with parameterized gamma distributions. For the models, we compared the performance of methods of different complexity (i.e., the CH4MOD model, representing a complicated method, and two less complex statistical regression models taken from literature) to evaluate the uncertainties associated with model performance as well as the quality and accessibility of the regional datasets. Comparisons revealed that the CH4MOD model may perform worse than the comparatively simple regression models when no sufficient input data for the model is available. As simulated by CH4MOD with data of irrigation, organic matter incorporation, and soil properties of rice paddies, the modeling methane fluxes varied from 17.2 to 708.3 kg CH4 ha−1, covering 63 % of the range of the field measurements. When applying the modeling approach to the 10 km × 10 km gridded dataset of the model input variables, the within-grid variations, made via the Monte Carlo method, were found to be 81.2–95.5 % of the grid means. Upscaling the grid estimates to the national inventory, the total methane emission from the rice paddies was 6.43 (3.79–9.77) Tg. The fallacy of CH4MOD contributed 56.6 % of the total uncertainty, with the remaining 43.4 % being attributed to errors and the scarcity of the spatial datasets of the model inputs. Our analysis reveals the dilemma between model performance and data availability when using a modeling approach: a model with better performance may help in reducing uncertainty caused by model fallacy but increases the uncertainty caused by data scarcity since greater levels of input are needed to improve performance. Reducing the total uncertainty in the national methane inventory depends on a better understanding of both the complexity of the mechanisms of methane emission and the spatial correlations of the factors that influence methane emissions from rice paddies.
Growth and exchange rate volatility: a panel data analysis

The aim of this article is to assess the role of Real Exchange Rate (RER) volatility on long-run economic growth for a set of 82 advanced and emerging economies, using a panel data set ranging from 1970 to 2009. With an accurate measure for exchange rate volatility, the results for the two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) panel growth models show that a more (less) volatile RER has a significant negative (positive) impact on economic growth. The results are also robust for different model specifications.
The Impact of Cell Phone Reminders on Uptake of Medical Male Circumcision in Rakai, Uganda

Background: Medical male circumcision (MMC) is a recommended strategy for HIV prevention, but attendance for scheduled MMC is often suboptimal. We assessed the impact of cell phone and in-person reminders on uptake of MMC. Methods: Between October 2010 and June 2011, men participating in the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) were educated about the risks and benefits of MMC and those who wished to receive free MMC were referred to the Rakai MMC program. Cell phone reminders (calls and/or short message service (SMS)) and in-person renotification or persons without phone contacts were used to remind clients two days before the surgical appointment date. Proportions of men coming for scheduled surgery before (control period) and after the reminders were computed and logistic regression used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AdjOR) and 95% confidence intervals of attendance for scheduled MMC. Results: Approximately 66.7% of men had cell phone contacts. Overall, the intervention increased attendance for scheduled MMC from 20.5% to 32.4%, AdjOR 2.01 (95%CI, 1.42, 2.83), p<0.001. Among men with no phone contacts, uptake increased from 22.2% to 31.9%, adjusted AdjOR 1.71 (95% CI, 0.97, 3.01) p=0.064, compared to an increase from 19.4% (40/206) to 32.6% (92/282), AdjOR 2.15 (95%CI, 1.39, 3.32) p=0.001 among men who had cell phone contact. Conclusion: Cell phone and in-person reminders of surgery appointments increased MMC uptake, but cell phone reminders are cheaper than in-person re-notification.
Corner solutions in empirical acreage choice models: an andogeneous switching regime approach with regime fixed cost

Corner solution problems are pervasive in micro-econometric acreage choice models because farmers rarely produce the same crop set in a considered sample. Acreage choice models suitably accounting for corner solution need to be specified as Endogenous Regime Switching (ERS) models. Micro-econometric ERS models are however rarely used in practice because their estimation difficulty quickly grows with the dimension of the considered system. Their functional form is generally quite involved and their congruent likelihood functions need to be integrated using simulation methods in most case of interest. We present here an ERS model specifically designed for empirically modeling acreage choices with corner solutions. This model is theoretically consistent with acreage choices based on the maximization of a profit function with non-negativity constraints and a total land use constraint. It can be combined with yield supply and variable input demand functions. Furthermore, the model accounts for regime fixed costs which represent crop specific marketing and management costs. To our knowledge, this is a unique feature for an ERS model accounting for non-negativity constraints. The proposed ERS model defines a Nested MultiNomial Logit (NMNL) acreage choice model for each potential production regime. The regime choice is based on a standard discrete choice model according to which farmers choose the crop subset they produce by comparing the different regime profit levels. The structure of the model and the functional form of its likelihood function makes the Simulated Expectation-Maximisation algorithm especially suitable for maximizing the sample likelihood function. The empirical tractability of the model is illustrated by the estimation of a five crop production choice model for a sample of French grain crop producers.
Evaluation of pan coefficient equations in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment using the ASCE-standardized Penman-Monteith method

Reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) is essential for irrigation, water resources management and environmental assessment. The indirect estimation of ETo is based a) on energy budget approach using meteorological data and b) pan evaporation measurements (Epan) multiplied by pan coefficients (kp) adapted to the surrounding environmental conditions. Significant interest is shown for the kp equations, which have to be tested before their use. The purpose of this study is to evaluate six different kp equations, such as those of Cuenca, Allen and Puitt, Snyder, Pereira et al., Orang, Raghuwanshi and Wallender for the summer growing season (April to October) of Thessaloniki plain in Greece, which is characterized by a semi-arid Mediterranean environment. The evaluation of the kp equations is performed by two years Epan measurements, using as reference the daily ETo values estimated by the ASCE-standardized Penman-Monteith equation (ASCE-PM) in hourly time step. The results of this study showed that Cuenca’s equation provided more accurate daily estimations. Additional analysis is performed in other methods such as those of FAO-56 and Hargreaves based on the calculation time step (hourly or daily) and their correspondence to the ASCE-PM.
Habituation to Auditory Stimuli by Captive African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana)

Habituation is a major concern for the development of effective, long-term human-wildlife conflict mitigation and zoo enrichment programs. Elephants are cognitive species that exhibit many types of learning, such as associative, social, and insight learning. However, no study has examined the habituation process in elephants. Elephants possess a well-developed sensory system and may habituate to stimuli that could be used for enrichment and/or management. The aim of this study was to examine their habituation process in response to repeated presentations of two auditory stimuli: buzzing by a disturbed beehive and the sound created by banging on pots and pans, and in comparison to no sound trials. The selected sounds often invoke alert behaviors and movements in wild elephants as part of human-elephant conflict mitigation. We predicted that elephants would initially exhibit strong reactions to both sounds, but these responses would diminish over repeated trials. This study was conducted with four female African elephants (Loxodonta africana) at the Nashville Zoo in Tennessee. During the first sound presentation, the elephants reacted by showing distress, avoidance, and vigilance behaviors. Over repeated presentations, their reactions to the sounds diminished to levels observed during the no-sound trials, suggesting habituation had occurred. The elephants also reduced their response to the second sound more rapidly than to the first sound, suggesting that generalization of their habituation had occurred. The results support our hypothesis that elephants use habituation to learn which stimuli are non-threatening and subsequently stop responding to them. Habituation is an important learning process that should be considered during the implementation of captive and wildlife management, especially for highly intelligent species, such as elephants.
EFFECT OF PROGRAMMED NURSING CARE IN PREVENTION OF HEMODIALYSIS COMPLICATIONS

Aims. This study was performed with the aim of assessing the effect of programmed nursing care on prevention of hemodialysis complications in under treatment patients in Shahid Beheshti University affiliated hospitals. Methods. This research is a quasi-experimental one-group before and after study. 30 under hemodialysis patients were selected by non-random method. These 30 patients once were considered as control group and once as case group. Data collecting instrument consisted of two checklisst and demographic data questionnaire. The nursing care protocol was supplied based on valid references and professional acceptance. Nursing care protocol contained preparing of hemodialysis machine, preparing of patient and machine connecting to patient, caring during hemodialysis (blood pressure control every hour and checking complications and their removal) and caring immediately after hemodialysis such as controling and chartitng patent’s weight, blood pressure and hemorrhage after disconnecting patient from machine. Data was analyzed by Fisher exact test. Results. There were significant differences at frequency of hypotention, hypertention, nausea and vomiting and muscles cramp after and before care performing stages. Conclusion. The nurses decrease hemodialysis complications in patients by performing programmed nursing care.
Growth, Flowering and Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single as Influenced by Foliar Application of ZnSO4 and CuSO4

Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single members of Amaryllidaceae family, native of Mexico is one of the most popular bulbous ornamental crop in India and abroad because of its delightful fragrance, attractive spike and high economic value. It has gained considerable popularity and widely grown for aesthetic, aromatic and commercial purposes. Its waxy white flowering spike with pleasant fragrance are in great demand for indoor decoration, garlands, bouquets, cut flower trade and extraction of oil. The single cultivar has a great economic potential in essential oil industry. The essential oil content is 0.080. 11% which is extracted by solvent extraction method. In Manipur condition, production of tuberose is yet to be popularized because of nonavailability of suitable agro techniques. Micronutrients play an important role in growth, flowering and yield of tuberose. Even though the work on major nutrients has been done in tuberose, the information on the use of micronutrients is lacking in Manipur. Hence the present studies was undertaken to find out the best level of ZnSO4 and CuSO4 and their combinations as foliar spray for optimum growth, flowering and maximizing yield of tuberose. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 10 (2017) pp. 735-743 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Direct Observation of Basal Sliding and Deformation of Basal Drift at Sub-Freezing Temperatures

Abstract In a tunnel at the base of sub-polar Urumqi Glacier No. 1, China, three new mechanisms of glacier flow at sub-freezing temperatures have been observed. Taken individually or in combination, these modes of flow can account for nearly all (60–80%) of the overall glacier motion and, yet, they act only within the lowermost 1–2% of the effective glacier thickness. These mechanisms are: (1) enhanced deformation of the frozen and ice-laden subglacial drift; (2) motion across discrete shear planes or shear bands within the frozen drift or at the ice-drift interface; and (3) basal sliding at an ice-rock interface at a temperature of nearly −5° C. The ice-laden drift has an effective viscosity of more than one hundred times less than that measured in the overlying ice, thus allowing very rapid shear deformation. The observed rate or basal sliding at the ice-rock interface agrees favorably with that predicted by the recent work of Shreve (1984) if proper account is taken of the measured surface roughness and reduced ice viscosity.