Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In search of an identity.

THE FUTURE practice, philosophy, and style of a psychiatrist is probably influenced by his residency experience more than by any other aspect of his training. The conflicts between a resident's expectation of his instructors and his institution and the actual realities he experiences constitute a major adjustment problem during this formative period. They also allow for a considerable amount of growth and creativity. This paper describes some of the problems and attempted resolutions which the author is experiencing during his residency. The physician who enters into a psychiatric residency has little information available to him concerning the personal price he will pay for his training. Becoming a psychiatrist is more than a learning experience; it is an emotional one. Unfortunately, the literature on training in psychiatry focuses mainly on statistics, descriptions of verbal activity, body movements, voice inflections, psychological test scores, and re
Evidence of aqueous secondary organic aerosol formation from biogenic emissions in the North American Sonoran Desert

This study examines the role of aqueous secondary organic aerosol formation in the North American Sonoran Desert as a result of intense solar radiation, enhanced moisture, and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). The ratio of water‐soluble organic carbon (WSOC) to organic carbon (OC) nearly doubles during the monsoon season relative to other seasons of the year. When normalized by mixing height, the WSOC enhancement during monsoon months relative to preceding dry months (May–June) exceeds that of sulfate by nearly a factor of 10. WSOC:OC and WSOC are most strongly correlated with moisture parameters, temperature, and concentrations of O3 and BVOCs. No positive relationship was identified between WSOC or WSOC:OC and anthropogenic tracers such as CO over a full year. This study points at the need for further work to understand the effect of BVOCs and moisture in altering aerosol properties in understudied desert regions.
Pose Space Surface Manipulation

Example-based mesh deformation techniques produce natural and realistic shapes by learning the space of deformations from examples. However, skeleton-based methods cannot manipulate a global mesh structure naturally, whereas the mesh-based approaches based on a translational control do not allow the user to edit a local mesh structure intuitively. This paper presents an example-driven mesh editing framework that achieves both global and local pose manipulations. The proposed system is built with a surface deformation method based on a two-step linear optimization technique and achieves direct manipulations of a model surface using translational and rotational controls. With the translational control, the user can create a model in natural poses easily. The rotational control can adjust the local pose intuitively by bending and twisting. We encode example deformations with a rotation-invariant mesh representation which handles large rotations in examples. To incorporate example deformations, we infer a pose from the handle translations/rotations and perform pose space interpolation, thereby avoiding involved nonlinear optimization. With the two-step linear approach combined with the proposed multiresolution deformation method, we can edit models at interactive rates without losing important deformation effects such as muscle bulging.
Purchasing Cosmetic Products: A Preliminary Perspective of Gen-Y

The cosmetics industry in Malaysia is growing rapidly at an annual rate of 13%. This is because of the increasing number of working women, increased urbanization, and the increasing self-awareness due to education. This industry is expected to grow steadily in the future due to the great demand for premium products. The research objective of this paper is to examine the influence of brand image, product knowledge, product quality, and price promotion on consumers’ purchase intention for cosmetic products. We used a survey questionnaire to collect 204 valid responses from Generation-Y female consumers in Malacca, Malaysia. Data collected were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that product image, product knowledge, and brand image emerged with a significant influence on intention to purchase cosmetics. However, price promotion was not significant. Finally, research and practice implications were outlined including areas for future research. Keywords: Brand Image, Product Knowledge, Product Quality, Price Promotion, Consumers’ Purchase Intention, Malaysia
The Influences of Brand-Consumer and Cause-Congruence on Consumer Responses to Cause Related Marketing

Cause Related Marketing (CRM) is a widely used type of brand alliance in which companies donate a portion of their sales to social causes with whom they ally. Researchers have studied many aspects of CRM to learn why these programs are effective and how to enhance their success. An overlooked component in CRM research is the extent to which consumers identify with the brand and with the cause. The present study presented 604 U.S. college students with CRM campaigns for two brands (M&Ms and Crest) partnered with the World Wildlife Fund to assess whether brand-cause congruence, brand-consumer congruence, cause-consumer congruence, and assessment of the motives of the company influence consumer purchase intention. The results show that congruence between the self-image of the consumer with the image of the brand and with the partner both positively influence reaction to a CRM campaign, as does consumer perceptions of the motivations of the company. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
Effects of Epilimnetic versus Metalimnetic Fertilization on the Phytoplankton and Periphyton of a Mountain Lake with a Deep Chlorophyll Maxima

Nutrients can load directly to either the epilimnion or metalimnion of lakes via either differential inflow depths of tributaries or intentional fertilization of discrete strata. We evaluated the differential effects of epilimnetic versus metalimnetic nutrient loading using 17-m-deep mesocosms that extended into the deep chlorophyll layer of oligotrophic Pettit Lake in the Sawtooth Mountains of Idaho. Addition of nitrogen plus phosphorus stimulated primary production nearly identically (2.4- to 4-fold on different dates) in both treatments, with the production peaks occurring in the strata where nutrients were added. The metalimnetic fertilization, however, resulted in equal or greater stimula - tion of chlorophyll a and phytoplankton biovolume than when nutrients were added directly to the epilimnion. Periphyton growth was stimulated 10-100 times more by epilimnetic fertilization than by metalimnetic fertilization and diverted nutrients from the planktonic autotrophs. These results suggest that the development of deep chlorophyll layers may be influenced by plunging river inflows that carry nutrients to the metalimnion and that metalimnetic lake fertilization may be useful as a tool for increasing lake productivity while reducing the impact on water quality. Resume : Les nutriments peuvent s'inserer directement soit dans l'epilimnion, soit dans le metalimnion des lacs selon les differentes profondeurs d'arrivee des eaux des tributaires ou a la suite d'une fertilisation deliberee d'une strate particuliere. Nous avons compare les effets de l'entree des nutriments dans l'epilimnion et dans le metalimnion a l'aide de mesocosmes de 17 m de profondeur qui atteignaient la couche profonde de chlorophylle dans le lac oligotrophe Pettit dans les monts Sawtooth en Idaho. L'addition d'azote et de phosphore stimulait la production primaire presque de la meme facon dans les deux traitements (d'un facteur de 2,4 a 4 aux differentes dates) et le maximum de produc- tion se produisait dans la strate dans laquelle les nutriments avaient ete ajoutes. La fertilisation du metalimnion stimu- lait autant sinon plus la chlorophylle a et le biovolume du phytoplancton qu'une addition des nutriments directement a l'epilimnion. La croissance du periphyton etait activee de 10-100 fois plus par une fertilisation de l'epilimnion plutot que du metalimnion et elle detournait les nutriments des autotrophes planctoniques. Ces resultats laissent croire que la formation des couches profondes de chlorophylle peut etre influencee par l'influx en profondeur des eaux de riviere qui apportent des nutriments au metalimnion et que la fertilisation du metalimnion peut etre un outil commode pour augmenter la productivite d'un lac, tout en minimisant l'impact sur la qualite de l'eau. (Traduit par la Redaction) Wurtsbaugh et al. 2166
arboxymethylated-, hydroxypropylsulfonated-and quaternized ylan derivative films

Under alkaline/water conditions carboxymethyl, 2-hydroxypropylsulfonate and trimethylammonium2-hydroxypropyl groups were introduced into xylan in one step with the goal to prepare film specimens. The materials were characterized by NMR, SEC-MALS, TG/DTG/DTA, AFM and mechanical testing. The properties of triple, double and mono-substituted materials were compared. The numerical molar masses of the specimens were from 12.3 to 17.6 kg/mol with Mw/Mn from 1.27 to 1.34. The elastic modulus values are decreasing in order: xylan (X; 7354 MPa) > carboxymethyl xylan (CX; 6090 MPa) > 2-
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRONOMY.

The welfare of mankind is intimately bound up with the world's food supply. N.ot that man can "live by bread alone," but he is unable to devote himself, to the higher phases of an advancing civilization if he is conscious of the gnawings of hunger. Since the shortage in various food products during the war, people generally have taken a muchkeener interest in the whole question of food supply. The old statement that "we never miss the water till the well runs dry" is here exemp! ified. So lbng asth~ grocer had plenty of flour and sugar, most people considered the supply in much the same way as they considered the supply of air. The only worry ~vas to find money with which to purchase needed articles. When it became necessary to go 'to a dozen stores before being able to buy any sugar, and then only a pound or two ; when the meat allowance was restricted; and when white flour had to be supplemented by all kinds of substitutes, then people began to realize that the supply of food might not be inexhaustible. The shortage of food during the war has been a good lesson for the people of the United States. It has taught them what some of the . people of Asia have been so often forced by famine to realize, namely, that food can be had only when a supply is available and . that this supply may at times be far short of actual needs. Conditions during the war were of course unusual; we hope they will never recur. I do not at this time desire to consider the food shortage ~lue to the war but rather the whole food situation as it is likely to affect man-1 Presidential address presented . at the thirteenth ammal meeting of the
Stimulant drug response in the predominantly inattentive and combined subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

OBJECTIVE This study compared the methylphenidate (MPH) dose-response profiles of children with the Predominantly Inattentive (PI) and Combined (CB) subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is the first such study to enroll a sample comprised exclusively of children, all but one of whom had no prior exposure to ADHD medications. METHOD The design was a double-blind crossover with 1-week exposures to placebo and low, medium, and high, fixed, three times daily (t.i.d.) dosage regimens of immediate-release MPH, administered in random order. Parents and teachers completed weekly behavioral questionnaires (Conners, Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn and Pelham Scale [SKAMP]) and a child psychiatrist provided weekly ratings of symptom severity (ADHD Rating Scale [ADHD-RS]), side effects (Side Effects Rating Scale), and a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S). In addition, laboratory measures of vigilance (Continuous Performance Test [CPT]) and resistance to cognitive interference (Stroop) were administered weekly. RESULTS Twenty-five children (15 CB, 10 PI), who met rigorous diagnostic criteria for their ADHD subtype, completed the study. Groups did not differ on demographic variables or severity at baseline. Behavioral questionnaires and clinical ratings indicated significant improvement on MPH for both subtypes but no differences in response profiles of the two groups. Drug effects were predominantly linear for both subtypes. Effects of MPH were significant for the CPT, but not the Stroop, instrument with no differences between ADHD subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Results support the clinical utility of MPH in the treatment of the PI subtype and provide no evidence of differences in response between the subtypes.
Neural mechanisms of autonomic, affective, and cognitive integration

Influential theoretical models propose a central role for afferent information from the body in the expression of emotional feeling states. Feedback representations of changing states of bodily arousal influence learning and facilitate concurrent and prospective decision‐making. Functional neuroimaging studies have increased understanding of brain mechanisms that generate changes in autonomic arousal during behavior and those which respond to internal feedback signals to influence subjective feeling states. In particular, anterior cingulate cortex is implicated in generating autonomic changes, while insula and orbitofrontal cortices may be specialized in mapping visceral responses. Independently, ventromedial prefrontal cortex is recognized to support processes of internal (self‐) reference that predominate in states of rest and disengagement and which putatively serve as a benchmark for dynamic interactions with the environment. Lesion data further highlight the integrated role of these cortical regions in autonomic and motivational control. In computational models of control, forward (efference copies) and inverse models are proposed to enable prediction and correction of action and, by extension, the interpretation of the behavior of others. It is hypothesized that the neural substrate for these processes during motivational and affective behavior lies within the interactions of anterior cingulate, insula, and orbitofrontal cortices. Generation of visceral autonomic correlates of control reinforce experiential engagement in simulatory models and underpin concepts such as somatic markers to bridge the dualistic divide. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:154–166, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The influence of corporate venture capital investment on the likelihood of attracting a prestigious underwriter: An empirical investigation

Prior research underscores the critical role of prestigious underwriters in shaping the success of the initial public offering (IPO) process, particularly for young firms that do not have much of a track record. Recent scholarly work has shown that the likelihood of a start-up securing a lead prestigious underwriter is influenced by its ability to provide important signals of organizational legitimacy, as conveyed in the employment experiences of the firm’s top management team. Building further on theories of organizational attention and decision making, this chapter seeks to examine whether lead prestigious underwriters also consider different types of signals of organizational legitimacy that might be suggested by the
The Prodomain-bound Form of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 10 Is Biologically Active on Endothelial Cells

BMP10 is highly expressed in the developing heart and plays essential roles in cardiogenesis. BMP10 deletion in mice results in embryonic lethality because of impaired cardiac development. In adults, BMP10 expression is restricted to the right atrium, though ventricular hypertrophy is accompanied by increased BMP10 expression in a rat hypertension model. However, reports of BMP10 activity in the circulation are inconclusive. In particular, it is not known whether in vivo secreted BMP10 is active or whether additional factors are required to achieve its bioactivity. It has been shown that high-affinity binding of the BMP10 prodomain to the mature ligand inhibits BMP10 signaling activity in C2C12 cells, and it was proposed that prodomain-bound BMP10 (pBMP10) complex is latent. In this study, we demonstrated that the BMP10 prodomain did not inhibit BMP10 signaling activity in multiple endothelial cells, and that recombinant human pBMP10 complex, expressed in mammalian cells and purified under native conditions, was fully active. In addition, both BMP10 in human plasma and BMP10 secreted from the mouse right atrium were fully active. Finally, we confirmed that active BMP10 secreted from mouse right atrium was in the prodomain-bound form. Our data suggest that circulating BMP10 in adults is fully active and that the reported vascular quiescence function of BMP10 in vivo is due to the direct activity of pBMP10 and does not require an additional activation step. Moreover, being an active ligand, recombinant pBMP10 may have therapeutic potential as an endothelial-selective BMP ligand, in conditions characterized by loss of BMP9/10 signaling.
Global comparators project: international comparison of hospital outcomes using administrative data.

OBJECTIVE To produce comparable risk-adjusted outcome rates for an international sample of hospitals in a collaborative project to share outcomes and learning. DATA SOURCES Administrative data varying in scope, format, and coding systems were pooled from each participating hospital for the years 2005-2010. STUDY DESIGN Following reconciliation of the different coding systems in the various countries, in-hospital mortality, unplanned readmission within 30 days, and "prolonged" hospital stay (>75th percentile) were risk-adjusted via logistic regression. A web-based interface was created to facilitate outcomes analysis for individual medical centers and enable peer comparisons. Small groups of clinicians are now exploring the potential reasons for variations in outcomes in their specialty. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS There were 6,737,211 inpatient records, including 214,622 in-hospital deaths. Although diagnostic coding depth varied appreciably by country, comorbidity weights were broadly comparable. U.S. hospitals generally had the lowest mortality rates, shortest stays, and highest readmission rates. CONCLUSIONS Intercountry differences in outcomes may result from differences in the quality of care or in practice patterns driven by socio-economic factors. Carefully managed administrative data can be an effective resource for initiating dialog between hospitals within and across countries. Inclusion of important outcomes beyond hospital discharge would increase the value of these analyses.
Phenobarbital Induction and Chemical Synergism Demonstrate the Role of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases in Detoxification of Naphthalophos by Haemonchus contortus Larvae

ABSTRACT We used an enzyme induction approach to study the role of detoxification enzymes in the interaction of the anthelmintic compound naphthalophos with Haemonchus contortus larvae. Larvae were treated with the barbiturate phenobarbital, which is known to induce the activity of a number of detoxification enzymes in mammals and insects, including cytochromes P450 (CYPs), UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UDPGTs), and glutathione (GSH) S-transferases (GSTs). Cotreatment of larvae with phenobarbital and naphthalophos resulted in a significant increase in the naphthalophos 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) compared to treatment of larvae with the anthelmintic alone (up to a 28-fold increase). The phenobarbital-induced drug tolerance was reversed by cotreatment with the UDPGT inhibitors 5-nitrouracil, 4,6-dihydroxy-5-nitropyrimidine, probenecid, and sulfinpyrazone. Isobologram analysis of the interaction of 5-nitrouracil with naphthalophos in phenobarbital-treated larvae clearly showed the presence of strong synergism. The UDPGT inhibitors 5-nitrouracil, 4,6-dihydroxy-5-nitropyrimidine, and probenecid also showed synergistic effects with non-phenobarbital-treated worms (synergism ratio up to 3.2-fold). This study indicates that H. contortus larvae possess one or more UDPGT enzymes able to detoxify naphthalophos. In highlighting the protective role of this enzyme group, this study reveals the potential for UDPGT enzymes to act as a resistance mechanism that may develop under drug selection pressure in field isolates of this species. In addition, the data indicate the potential for a chemotherapeutic approach utilizing inhibitors of UDPGT enzymes as synergists to increase the activity of naphthalophos against parasitic worms and to combat detoxification-mediated drug resistance if it arises in the field.
THE EFFECT OF PRENATAL KNOWLEDGE OF FETAL SEX ON BIRTH WEIGHT: A STUDY FROM JORDAN

In this article we seek to determine the effect of the knowledge of prenatal fetal sex, through the use of ultrasound, on infant mean birth weight and the proportion of low birth weight (LBW) babies. A sample population of 1,195 women (cases, n = 640; control, n = 555) were studied in relation to their knowledge of the sex of the fetus in three hospitals in Amman, Jordan. It was found that prenatally known males had the highest mean birth weights (MBWs) as compared with females. It is proposed that these differences could be attributed to behavioral factors related to son preference. The authors conclude that further research on the actual link between prenatal detection of fetal sex and health behavior as indicated by birth weight is needed.
The Effect of Antenatal Education on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy : Primiparous Women in Turkey

Background: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a modifiable factor hat can increase breastfeeding success and duration. Breastfeeding support programmes help to improve self-efficacy and to facilitate a longer du ration of breastfeeding. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antenatal breastfeeding education on breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding success. Methodology: This was an intervention study. The study was carried out in 6 family health center s (FHC) in Eskisehir. There were a total of 90 research subjec ts. We divided the participants into the following two groups: an intervention group (n=45) and a control group (n =45). The researchers provided breastfeeding educat ion to the intervention group to develop breastfeeding sel f-efficacy. We evaluated breastfeeding self-efficac y t 1, 4, and 8 weeks postnatally and breastfeeding success a t 1 and 8 weeks postnatally. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in the mean antenatal BSES-SF scores. However, there was a significant difference between th groups in the mean BSES-SF scores at 1, 4 and 8 weeks postpartum, with higher scores in the intervention group at these time points. At 1 and 8 weeks postpa rtum, the intervention group had a significantly higher rate of breastfeeding success than the control group. Conclusions: This study concluded that antenatal breastfeeding e ducation and support were given to pregnant women/mothers from the prenatal period to the postn atal period increases breastfeeding self-efficacy a nd breastfeeding success. Nurses who provide breastfee ding ducation should be informed about breastfeedi ng selfefficacy. Nurses should attempt to employ breastfee ding self-efficacy into breastfeeding education.