Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The story of a Danish discourse of inclusive rurality in the making

: The popularity of a particular term – the Rotten Banana – has paralleled the one-sided centralisation of public services since the Danish Municipal Reform of 2007. The Rotten Banana denotes peripheral Denmark, which takes a geographically curved form that resembles a banana, and it symbolises the belief that rural areas are backward and (too) costly. This article shows how the negative connotations of rural areas have come to outweigh the positive ones and to legitimis e liberal visions of the ‘sustainable’ welfare state. Whereas previous studies on the perceptions of rural dwellers have focused on the discourses of rurality that produce rural outsiders (e.g. Pratt, 1996; Herbert-Cheshire, 2000; Svendsen, 2004; Munkejord, 2006), this article builds on the work of Certeau (1984) and Laclau and Mouffe (2002). Based on both quantitative and qualitative data, the study shows how, in Denmark, negative connotations and centralisation have together spurred a new and political mobilisat ion in many parts of the ‘banana’. Through skilful ‘consumption’ , rural dwellers have adapted the alienating liberalist ‘logic of equivalence’ to their own use and produced a ‘logic of difference’ , thus challenging the predominant political discourse of rurality (Woods, 2008; Cruickshank et al, 2009). As a result, the Danish Liberal government was forced to introduce a new and more inclusive rural policy in September of 2010 and grant rural dwellers a political voice in parliament.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL DEPENDENCE OF THE FRACTION OF ‘UNCONVENTIONAL’ GALAXIES: FAINT RED AND LUMINOUS BLUE

Using the volume-limited Main galaxy sample constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7), we explore the environmental dependence of the fraction of ‘unconventional’ galaxies: luminous blue and faint red. It is found that the fraction of faint red increases apparently with increasing local density, and the fraction of luminous blue declines substantially with increasing local density, which shows that there is an environmental dependence for color beyond that for luminosity.
Characterizing Conflict Forms

This paper presents a model in which two groups in society are engaged in strategic interaction. Privileged members of society have the opportunity to allocate resources either to their own productive capacity, or to enhance the productive capacity of the disadvantaged. Redistribution to the disadvantaged can increase the productive capacity of society, but comes at the cost of rising political aspirations of the poor, which erodes the power of the rich. The paper derives conditions under which (a) the rich will redistribute to the point of equality with the poor; (b) conditions under which the disadvantaged face genocide; as well as (c) the range of intermediate redistributive activity likely to be employed by the privileged. Examination of empirical evidence suggests that the model generalizes across the experience of a panel of 102 countries, over the 1960-2000 period.
Ozone source attribution and its modulation by the Arctic oscillation during the spring months

[1] We use the Model of Ozone and Related Tracers (MOZART-2) driven by National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) meteorology between 1980 and 2001 to examine the signature of the Arctic oscillation (AO) on tropospheric ozone during February and March. Regionally, the AO can modulate ozone by up to 5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv). We examine the modulation of ozone produced from Asian, American, and European emissions separately, the modulation of ozone produced from all tropospheric emissions, and the modulation of ozone transported from the stratosphere. During the positive phase of the AO, the simulations show a statistically significant decrease in zonally averaged ozone throughout the depth of the troposphere north of approximately 50°N. This decrease is attributed to a decrease in the stratospheric component of ozone. The longitudinal response of ozone to the AO in the upper troposphere is dictated by the changes in tropopause height associated with the AO, such that lower (higher) heights imply increased (decreased) ozone. Locally, the modulation of stratospheric ozone dominates the ozone signal throughout the depth of the troposphere over Northern Canada and the Arctic, where the AO is correlated with ozone decreases. In other locations, the local response to the AO is governed by changes in the transport of ozone produced in the troposphere. These locations include the lower troposphere over the Atlantic basin, where ozone is negatively correlated with the AO, and the lower troposphere over Europe and Eastern Siberia, where ozone is positively correlated with the AO.
Temperature and heat stress in a concrete column at early ages

The temperature development and the stress generated in a cylindrical column of concrete are investigated. The problem is essentially two-dimensional, and is solved using a finite element package. Adiabatic temperature data from four different concrete mixes are used and the influences on the temperature and stress development due to the use of silica fumes or slag in the mixes are discussed.
Influence of thermal treatment on tannin content and antioxidation effect of oak acorn quercus cerris extract

The results of investigation of the tannin content in the oak acorn kernel Quercus cerris, qualitative analysis of tannin and antioxidation effect of ethanol extracts of acorn on porcine lipid (prime steam lard) as a substrate are presented in this paper. Experiments were carried out on kernel samples of the domestic oak acorn, from the location Zaglavak, near by the town of Bajina Basta. Tannin content was determined by spectrophotometric procedure using phosphorus Wolframic acid on wave length of 715 nm. Qualitative analysis of tannin included sediment and stain responses as well as tannoform test with formalaldehyde and HCl. Antioxidant effect of ethanol extracts was investigated on fat samples treated at the temperature of 600C in the dark (Schaaloven test). The rate of oxidation was determined by measuring Peroxide value (Pb) and TBA value. The investigated extracts were obtained based on drying of acorn kernel and extracts based on thermal treatment - dry frying of acorn kernel. The obtained results show that dried acorn kernel contains 11.69 % of tannin and thermally treated acorn kernel 8.55%. Qualitative analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acid (pyrogallic, hydrolysing) tannins based on positive general sediment and stain responses on tannins. Ethanol extracts demonstrate antioxidation traits on porcine lipids in trial conditions. Synergistic effect of citric acid with primary anti oxidant was not proved. Thermal treatment of acorn kernel does not reduce the antioxidation activity of extracts.
Online Argument Between Israeli Jews and Palestinians

Previous research with face-to-face groups found that majority–minority theory was a better predictor of argument patterns between Israelis and Palestinians than cultural codes theory (D. G. Ellis & I. Maoz, 2002; I. Maoz & D. G. Ellis, 2001). But, because of the difficulties of organizing face-to-face contacts between Israelis and Palestinians (e.g., security, transportation, check points), computer-mediated communication has taken on increased significance. This paper builds on previous research pertaining to argument between Israeli Jews and Palestinians and extends that work by investigating the effects of communication technologies on argument interactions between these two groups. The most notable finding was the absence of complex argumentative structures that are typically associated with conflict resolution.
On double cosets with the trivial intersection property and Kazhdan-Lusztig cells in $S_n$

‎For a composition $lambda$ of $n$ our aim is to obtain reduced forms‎ ‎for all the elements in the ‎$w_{J(lambda)}$‎, ‎the longest element of the standard parabolic‎ ‎subgroup of $S_n$ corresponding to $lambda$‎. ‎We investigate how far this is possible to achieve by looking at‎ ‎elements of the form $w_{J(lambda)}d$‎, ‎where $d$ is a prefix of‎ ‎an element of minimum length in a $(W_{J(lambda)},B)$ double coset‎ ‎with the trivial intersection property‎, ‎$B$ being a parabolic subgroup‎ ‎of $S_n$ whose type is `dual' to that of $W_{J(lambda)}$‎.
Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in childhood-onset schizophrenia with or without obsessive-compulsive symptoms: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Introduction Childhood-onset schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive symptoms (COSO) and without obsessive-compulsive symptoms (COS) share considerable overlap in clinical features and genetic risk factors. However, the extent of brain functional abnormalities in COSO and COS is poorly understood. Material and methods A total of 51 first-episode childhood schizophrenic patients and 30 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. We used the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale to divide patients into COSO (n = 21) and COS (n = 30) groups. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging images were obtained using a gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequence. Voxel-based analysis of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) maps between the two groups was performed. Results The COS group showed significantly increased ALFF in the right caudate body, middle temporal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule (p < 0.05), while showing decreased ALFF in the left cerebellum posterior lobe (p < 0.05). The COSO group showed significantly increased ALFF in the left and right frontal lobe, cerebellum posterior lobe and precuneus (p < 0.05). When comparing the two groups, COSO showed significantly higher ALFF in the left cerebellum posterior lobe, frontal lobe, supramarginal gyrus, precuneus, right inferior frontal gyrus and medial frontal gyrus (p < 0.05). Interestingly, significantly lower ALFF was found in the right fusiform gyrus, corpus callosum and inferior parietal lobule in the group of patients with obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings increase the understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and may provide imaging evidence for early diagnosis of COSO or COS.
Common patterns, common drivers: comparative analysis of aggregate surplus production across ecosystems

Marine ecosystems are dynamic, often have open boundaries, and their overall pro- ductivity responds nonlinearly to multiple drivers acting at multiple temporal and spatial scales, under a triad of influences: climatic, anthropogenic, and ecological. In order to further our under- standing of how the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems influence and regulate pat- terns of fisheries production, and how they are affected by this triad of drivers, a comparative approach is required. We apply a system-level surplus production modeling approach to the total aggregated catch and biomass of all major targeted fish species in 12 exploited Northern Hemi- sphere ecosystems. We use 2 variations of a surplus production model: a regression model and a dynamic model, each fit with and without environmental and biological covariates. Our aims were to explore (1) the effects of common drivers at the basin scale and their relative influence within the triad of drivers among systems, (2) the impact of covariates on biological reference points and implications for fisheries management, and (3) the relationship between maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and production. Our results show that the environment affects estimates of system- level MSY across all ecosystems studied and that specifically water temperature is a major influ- ence on productivity. Emergent properties of northern hemisphere systems suggest that MSY val- ues and optimal exploitation rates are relatively consistent: MSY ranges between 1 and 5 t km �2 and optimal exploitation rate between 0.1 and 0.4 yr �1 . Finally, we suggest that the relationship between fisheries yield and primary production is not as simple as suggested in other studies. These results put fisheries in a broader ecosystem context and have implications for an ecosystem approach to management.
Flexible pay systems and labour productivity: Evidence from manufacturing firms in Emilia-Romagna

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze the link between flexible pay systems (FPS) and labor productivity, also looking at which factors drive firms to adopt such wage schemes. Design/methodology/approach - The analysis is conducted on an original sample extracted from a firm-level survey on manufacturing firms with at least 20 employees in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. A two-stage model is adopted to mitigate potential self-selection into FPS adoption. Findings - The results show that the adoption of a FPS is linked to the unions’ involvement and organizational changes within firms, supporting the idea that a FPS is not simply a risk-sharing mechanism, but part of a more complex strategy to increase workers’ flexibility and autonomy. The relationship between FPS and labor productivity concerns a traditional form of premiums intended for individual employees and linked simply to “effort improvement and control” motives and to the firm’s “ability to pay. ” Productivity also increases after adopting Research limitations/implications - The main findings have two important implications. In the personnel economics literature, the authors stress the complementarity among different organizational practices and their role in making firms more competitive. The authors also attribute an additional role to flexible payment systems, which can be seen not just as a way to make employees work harder, but also as the means by which the effect of organizational changes on labor productivity materializes. Social implications - From the policy perspective, the results show that non-price incentives are as important as price incentives for achieving higher productivity targets. Firms’ competitiveness is the outcome not only of a higher worker effort and lower labor costs, but also of the adoption of managerial and organizational innovations to promote skill development, learning, and union involvement. Originality/value - The analysis has two elements of novelty: first, the distinction between a broad array of human resource management practices in both production and labor management; and second, the analysis of different types of flexible payment systems:
Magnetosphere dynamics during the 14 November 2012 storm inferred from TWINS, AMPERE, Van Allen Probes, and BATS-R-US–CRCM

Abstract. During the 14 November 2012 geomagnetic storm, the Van Allen Probes spacecraft observed a number of sharp decreases (“dropouts”) in particle fluxes for ions and electrons of different energies. In this paper, we investigate the global magnetosphere dynamics and magnetosphere–ionosphere (M–I) coupling during the dropout events using multipoint measurements by Van Allen Probes, TWINS, and AMPERE together with the output of the two-way coupled global BATS-R-US–CRCM model. We find different behavior for two pairs of dropouts. For one pair, the same pattern was repeated: (1) weak nightside Region 1 and 2 Birkeland currents before and during the dropout; (2) intensification of Region 2 currents after the dropout; and (3) a particle injection detected by TWINS after the dropout. The model predicted similar behavior of Birkeland currents. TWINS low-altitude emissions demonstrated high variability during these intervals, indicating high geomagnetic activity in the near-Earth tail region. For the second pair of dropouts, the structure of both Birkeland currents and ENA emissions was relatively stable. The model also showed quasi-stationary behavior of Birkeland currents and simulated ENA emissions with gradual ring current buildup. We confirm that the first pair of dropouts was caused by large-scale motions of the OCB (open–closed boundary) during substorm activity. We show the new result that this OCB motion was associated with global changes in Birkeland (M–I coupling) currents and strong modulation of low-altitude ion precipitation. The second pair of dropouts is the result of smaller OCB disturbances not related to magnetospheric substorms. The local observations of the first pair of dropouts result from a global magnetospheric reconfiguration, which is manifested by ion injections and enhanced ion precipitation detected by TWINS and changes in the structure of Birkeland currents detected by AMPERE. This study demonstrates that multipoint measurements along with the global model results enable the reconstruction of a more complete system-level picture of the dropout events and provides insight into M–I coupling aspects that have not previously been investigated. Keywords. Magnetospheric physics (magnetosphere–ionosphere interactions; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics); space plasma physics (numerical simulation studies)
Aggregate Australian Takeovers: A Review of Markov Regime Switching Models

This article reviews the case of modeling merger waves in the Australian market for the period 1972–2004. Three Markov switching models are examined, the Gaussian AR(1), Poisson AR(1), and State‐Space autoregressive moving average (ARMA) (1,1), to find which gives the best fit. The State‐Space Markov switching ARMA(1,1) model is found to be the best for describing Australian takeover activity as estimation results based on it have a lower Bayesian information criterion score than the other two models. Each model's ability to predict a ‘wave’ is then tested by including its estimated probability in a macroeconomic model to explain merger activity. The State‐Space model also performs better because the inclusion of its estimated probability substantially increases the explanatory power of the regression model (measured by the regression adjusted R2). In addition, it predicted a takeover wave in 2009, which was closer to the actual incidents of takeover activity in the market at that time than the predictions of the other two models. The results are robust when the measure of takeover activity is changed from the number of takeover bids to the proportion of takeover bids relatively to the number of exchange‐listed companies.
CEO to the Rescue: Residential Proximity of Private Firm CEOs and the Evolution of Corporate Profitability

This paper documents how the net profit margin of private firms improves when the CEOs of the companies relocate their primary residence to be closer to the corporate headquarters. By reviewing 127 Korean non-public companies belonging to 66 private business groups, we find that the top managers move closer to the headquarters when the profitability of the firms has recently deteriorated. A one basis point decline in the margin causes CEOs to relocate their homes approximately two kilometers closer to their corporate headquarters. The profit margin rebounds after their relocation. This finding implies that physical proximity can serve as a proxy for personal commitment.
Using drifting passive echolocation loggers to study harbour porpoises in tidal-stream habitats

Moored passive acoustic detectors (e.g. C-PODs) are widely used to study harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena distribution and relative abundance, but their use in tidal-stream habitats is complicated by the need for retrievable flow-resistant seabed fixings and the occur- rence of flow-induced noise in the resultant data. In this study, we explored the use of a new method aimed at tidal-stream habitats, which are of increasing interest for marine renewable energy generation. Porpoise detectors (C-PODs) were attached to multiple drifters and repeatedly set adrift at a tidal-stream site in western Scotland during May 2010 and August 2011. Porpoise vocalisations were successfully detected under varying tidal conditions during approximately 63 h of drifting. Harbour porpoise distribution, as determined by the drifting detectors, was similar to that found using the traditional, yet more logistically intensive, visual and acoustic boat-based sur- veys and to an extent that found by moored C-PODs. Drifting detectors also mapped tidally driven spatiotemporal variability in ambient noise levels which could influence porpoise detection. In summary, drifters equipped with passive acoustic detectors offer a new, rapid and inexpensive tool for investigating porpoise occurrence and behaviour in tidal-stream habitats, and should be considered as part of a comprehensive marine mammal monitoring approach of these energetic environments in the context of marine renewable energy development and other industries.
Effects of blanching time/temperature combination coupled with solar-drying on the nutritional and microbial quality of indigenous leafy vegetables in Kenya

The abundance of indigenous leafy vegetables during the rainy seasons and the traditional preservation systems leads to post-harvest losses on nutrients. There is need to reduce these losses by seeking an alternative relatively cheaper, hygienic and locally adaptable preservation method. Solar drying could be a useful dehydration option. No sufficient data is available on a suitable combination of solar drying and blanching protocol for preservation of ILVs in Kenya. This study investigated the effects of controlled blanching time/temperature combination coupled with solar-drying on the nutritional and microbial load of three ILVs in finding a suitable preservation technique. The ILVs commonly consumed in Kenya, spiderplant (Cleome gynandra), slenderleaf (Crotalaria ochroleuca) and cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) were used. Two blanching conditions (80oC/10 min and at 90oC/5 minutes) were tested. Blanching at 100oC for 30 min, followed by open sun-drying was used as control, while conventional oven drying of the ILVs was used as standard for comparison. Greatest nutrient loss was observed for ILVs that were blanched at 100oC for 30 min, then sundried. Most nutrients were retained at 80oC/10 min compared to those retained at 90oC/5 min. Microbial load (5.3-5.6 cfu/g) was significantly lower for solar dried ILVs (p<0.05) blanched at 90oC/5 min. This indicates that blanching at 80oC/10 min followed by solar drying is a potential option to be used as a local preservation technique for ILVs in Kenya.
Assessing Model Fit: Caveats and Recommendations for Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling

Despite the limitations of overgeneralizing cutoff values for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; e.g., Marsh, Hau, & Wen, 2004), they are still often employed as golden rules for assessing factorial validity in sport and exercise psychology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the appropriateness of using the CFA approach with these cutoff values for typical multidimensional measures. Furthermore, we ought to examine how a model could be respecified to achieve acceptable fit and explored whether exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) provides a more appropriate assessment of model fit. Six multidimensional measures commonly used in sport and exercise psychology research were examined using CFA and ESEM. Despite demonstrating good validity in previous research, all eight failed to meet the cutoff values proposed by Hu and Bentler. ESEM improved model fit in all measures. In conclusion, we suggest that model misfit in this study demonstrates the problem with interpreting cutoff values rigidly. Furthermore, we recommend ESEM as a preferred approach to examining model fit in multidimensional measures.