Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Baltic Sea Tracer Release Experiment: 1. Mixing rates

In this study, results from the Baltic Sea Tracer Release Experiment (BATRE) are described, in which deep water mixing rates and mixing processes in the central Baltic Sea were investigated. In September 2007, an inert tracer gas (CF3SF5) was injected at approximately 200 m depth in the Gotland Basin, and the subsequent spreading of the tracer was observed during six surveys until February 2009. These data describe the diapycnal and lateral mixing during a stagnation period without any significant deep water renewal due to inflow events. As one of the main results, vertical mixing rates were found to dramatically increase after the tracer had reached the lateral boundaries of the basin, suggesting boundary mixing as the key process for basin-scale vertical mixing. Basin-scale vertical diffusivities were of the order of 10−5 m2 s−1 (about 1 order of magnitude larger than interior diffusivities) with evidence for a seasonal and vertical variability. In contrast to tracer experiments in the open ocean, the basin geometry (hypsography) was found to have a crucial impact on the vertical tracer spreading. The e-folding time scale for deep water renewal due to mixing was slightly less than 2 years, the time scale for the lateral homogenization of the tracer patch was of the order of a few months. Key Points: Mixing rates in the Gotland Basin are dominated by boundary mixing processes; The time scale for Gotland Basin deep water renewal is approximately 2 years; Mixing rates determined from the tracer CF3SF5
The orientation and kinematics of inner tidal tails around dwarf galaxies orbiting the Milky Way

Using high-resolution collisionless N-body simulations, we study the properties of tidal tails formed in the immediate vicinity of a two-component dwarf galaxy evolving in a static potential of the Milky Way (MW). The stellar component of the dwarf is initially in the form of a disc and the galaxy is placed on an eccentric orbit motivated by cold dark matter based cosmological simulations. We measure the orientation, density and velocity distribution of the stars in the tails. Due to the geometry of the orbit, in the vicinity of the dwarf, where the tails are densest and therefore most likely to be detectable, they are typically oriented towards the MW and not along the orbit. We report on an interesting phenomenon of ‘tidal tail flipping’: on the way from the pericentre to the apocentre, the old tails following the orbit are dissolved and new ones pointing towards the MW are formed over a short time-scale. We also find a tight linear relation between the velocity of stars in the tidal tails and their distance from the dwarf. Using mock data sets, we demonstrate that if dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies in the vicinity of the MW are tidally affected their kinematic samples are very likely contaminated by tidally stripped stars which tend to artificially inflate the measured velocity dispersion. The effect is stronger for dwarfs on their way from the pericentre to the apocentre due to the formation of new tidal tails after pericentre. Realistic mass estimates of dSph galaxies thus require removal of these stars from kinematic samples.
Poduction of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Using Batch and Two-stage Batch Culture Strategies

Batch and two-stage batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha ATCC 17697 (Alcaligenes eutrophus) and Alcaligenes latus ATCC 29712, were investigated for producing the intracellular bioplastic poly-â-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) using shake flasks technique. The highest growth and PHB production of Ralstonia eutropha ATCC 17697 and Alcaligenes latus ATCC 29712 were recorded on (Kim et al 1994a) medium containing glucose or sucrose (as a carbon source), respectively. Ammonium sulfate was the best nitrogen source for PHB production by both strains. The productive medium which contain carbon source and ammonium sulfate in C/N ratio of 12.57 gave the highest PHB either by Ralstonia eutropha ATCC 17697 and Alcaligenes latus ATCC 29712. W ashed cells of Alcaligenes strains produced PHB concentration and content higher than crude cells at different limiting nutritional treatments. Applying the two stage batch fermentation with nitrogen limitation increased the PHB content (%) of R.eutropha ATCC 17697 and A.latus ATCC 29712 cells about 48.43 % and 14.29 %, respectively, as compared with that obtained in batch culture using shake flasks technique.
The Acclimation of New Assistant Principals.

Although the assistant principal position has been the career path for aspiring principals, some researchers have claimed the position lacks adequacy as a training position. With limited research available, the purpose of this study was to explore the induction and acclimation experiences of newly assigned assistant principals. Following a phenomenological research approach, interviews were conducted with six public school assistant principals. New assistant principals prepared for their positions by seeking prior leadership opportunities and asking questions, but they noted a lack of confidence in making decisions. These new assistant principals, recognizing the importance of professional relationships, worked to build trust with students and teachers. Implications for school district leaders, preparation programs, and aspiring candidates are provided.
Crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath the External Dinarides, Croatia, determined from teleseismic receiver functions

SUMMARY Broad-band seismograms of teleseismic events recorded at the Croatian Seismological Network were used to compute radial receiver functions (RFs) for eight locations in the External Dinarides. Waveform modelling was performed by a multistep matching of the theoretical RFs computed for horizontally layered 1-D isotropic models with the averaged observed RFs. Constraints from existing deep seismic sounding profiles, traveltime curves of regional crustal seismic phases and intuitive inferences gained from interactive forward modelling were used to construct initial 1-D models of the Earth. A non-linear inversion was performed in two steps—a grid search followed by the Monte Carlo search for the model parameters. Concurrently, RFs from different azimuths were stacked to obtain trade-off estimates of crustal thickness versus Vp/Vs ratios. The Moho depths were found in the range from around 40 km for Northern Adriatic stations to over 55 km for stations in the central part of the External Dinarides. Comparing our results with recent maps of the Moho topography inferred from seismic and gravimetric data, we find that for some stations the agreement between our results and the existing Moho maps is very good. For the others, we find the Mohorovicic discontinuity to be considerably deeper, indicating some of the thickest crust in Europe. Although it is plausible that such a deep Moho could be a consequence of a complex tectonic setting of the region (e.g. overlapping of two large tectonic units—the Adriatic microplate and the Dinarides), this result will have to be verified in the future studies using various other geophysical techniques.
Electricity Prices, Large-Scale Renewable Integration, and Policy Implications

This paper investigates the effects of intermittent solar and wind power generation on electricity price formation in Germany. We use daily data from 2010 to 2015, a period with profound modifications in the German electricity market, the most notable being the rapid integration of photovoltaic and wind power sources, as well as the phasing out of nuclear energy. In the context of a GARCH-in-Mean model, we show that both solar and wind power Granger cause electricity prices, that solar power generation reduces the volatility of electricity prices by scaling down the use of peak-load power plants, and that wind power generation increases the volatility of electricity prices by challenging electricity market exibility.
STABILITY OF THE STOCHASTIC HEAT EQUATION IN L 1 ((0;1))

We consider the white-noise driven stochastic heat equation on $[0,1]$ with Lipschitz-continuous drift and diffusion coefficients. We derive an inequality for the $L^1([0,1])$-norm of the difference between two solutions. Using some martingale arguments, we show that this inequality provides some estimates which allow us to study the stability of the solution with respect the initial condition, the uniqueness of the possible invariant distribution and the asymptotic confluence of solutions.
Artificial Neural Network Utilization for FSO Link Performance Estimation

This paper describes FSO link performance prediction based on available meteorological data using different Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approaches. Several types of ANNs were compared and their performance was evaluated. The paper introduces an ANN application utilizing delayed real data. This approach has been validated to be more precise than common feed-forward neural networks.
‘A Blinding Lack of Progress’: Management Rhetoric and Affirmative Action

In this study we explore how versions of organizational reality and gender are constructed in management discourse and whether such patterns change over time. Specifically, we examine management explanations and accounts of the gendered nature of their organizations through their commentaries on their affirmative action programmes. In Australia private sector organizations with 100 or more employees are required to report to government on their affirmative action programmes for women. In these documents, management representatives outline objectives for the coming year and report on their progress in reducing employment-related barriers for women. In doing so they account for the ‘problem’ of gender-based discrimination that affirmative action is designed to address, justify their actions (or lack of action) and reproduce versions of gendered identity. Thus we use affirmative action reporting as cases of management rhetoric to explore how aspects of gender and organization are constructed, taken for granted, challenged or problematized. Comparing reports from the hospitality sector over a 14-year period, we explore whether there is any evidence of discursive change in management accounts of the gendered nature of their organizations.
Idiosyncratic Volatility and the Housing Market

Housing investment is largely undiversified and differs from financial assets (e.g., stocks) in that it serves the dual purpose of investment and consumption. Transaction costs and liquidity risk are also much higher for housing assets. These important differences among suggest that idiosyncratic volatility may play an important role in explaining the performance of the U.S. housing market. This hypothesis is evaluated by using disaggregate housing data based on the median-priced house sale in 7,234 ZIP Codes comprising the U.S. metropolitan housing market. The results indicate that idiosyncratic volatility plays a strong positive role on housing returns in the cross-section and that the relation is robust to the price level and socioeconomic variation among housing submarkets. These findings further suggest that idiosyncratic volatility acts as an important reduced-form factor for local supply-demand conditions that operate autonomously of systematic economy-wide drivers.
Mitotic Index Studies on 'Treculia africana' Decne in Nigeria

Treculia africana Decne. , (African bread fruit; wild jack fruit, or African boxwood), is a neglected and underexploited tropical tree crop belonging to the taxonomic family Moraceae. Mitotic index study was conducted on this species using fresh healthy root tips harvested from germinated seedlings. It was observed that cell division took place at all time in the day and night but took place more in the day time than at night. The most intense period of mitosis was between 2:00 and 6:00 pm with a peak at 4:00 pm (Nigerian Time). Mitotic counts showed that the number of prophase cells decreased when that of metaphase increased as the day progressed. The peak of anaphase was during the early hours of the night at 8:00 pm. The proportion of interphase cells reduced while that of dividing cells increased before the peak of metaphase. Information made available in this work henceforth pave the way for further progress in cytological and cytogenetic research towards improvement of this crop plant.
Preventing of Ehrlich tumor metastasis in liver, kidney and spleen by electromagnetic field

The aim of the present work is to study the therapeutic effects of 4.5 Hz of electromagnetic radiation as a preventive agent on the metastasis of Ehrlich tumor which occurred in some organs. The tumor was implanted intramuscularly in the left thigh of mice. Sixty female Balb/c mice were used, twenty as normal group and the other forty were divided equally into 2 groups namely A and B. Group A was the control while group B was whole body exposed to square amplitude modulated waves (QAMW) of frequency 4.5 Hz for a period of 40 h at a rate of 4 h/day starting day 11 post tumor implantation. At the end of the experiment liver, kidney and spleen were excised for all groups. Kidney and spleen were subjected to histological examination. Fragments of the freshly excised liver were subjected to histopathological examination and the other parts were used for dielectric measurements. The results of this work indicate that the treatment of Ehrlich tumor by QAMW caused a decrease in the percentage of metastasis, also there was a decrease in the values of relative permittivity, conductivity and dielectric loss of group B as compared with group A. The statistical methods and analysis for evaluation of the results were done by calculating arithmetic means and standard deviations for percentage of metastasis and dielectric measurements. It may be concluded that whole body exposure of the animals injected with Ehrlich tumor to 4.5 Hz QAMW can inhibit tumor growth in secondary sites or distant organs and can be used as preventive agent to murine metastatic development. Key words: Electromagnetic field, liver, kidney, spleen, Ehrlich tumor metastasis, tissue dielectrics.
The role and importance of internship programs as part of formal education: Students' perceptions: The case of college of tourism

As one of the fastest growing industries tourism is in increasing need for well educated and skillful employees on both operational and managerial level. Institutions of higher education are requested by tourism industry to produce quality human resources able to respond immediately to their needs and to be involved in working processes as fast as possible with low or without any additional costs for future employees' initial job training. With inclusion of training and internship programs into, primarily vocational, but also, into bachelor studies students will be trained for their future jobs through real business situations and environment. This paper focuses on students' perceptions of internship and training programs as part of their formal education. Through analysis of the survey distributed among students of the College of Tourism it will be shown how students perceive the internship programs and importance of these programs for their future employment. Also, it will be shown the level of their satisfaction with tourism companies where they are performing internship programs and the level of their satisfaction with activities of the College of Tourism in communications during the internship, program management and implementation of the internship programs.
Juxtaposing math self-efficacy and self-concept as predictors of long-term achievement outcomes

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that self-efficacy and self-concept reflect different underlying processes and both are critical to understanding long-term achievement outcomes. Although both types of self-belief are well established in educational psychology, research comparing and contrasting their relationship with achievement has been surprisingly sparse. This is particularly the case when considering critical developmental periods and high-stakes achievement outcomes. In the current research, we use the longitudinal study of Australian youth which uses the 2003 Australian Programme of International Student Assessment cohort (N = 10,370; M [age] = 15) as the first time wave and follows participants over eight years. Using latent path modelling and controlling for a wide range of background covariates, we found: (a) strong relations between achievement, self-efficacy and self-concept in mathematics at age 15; (b) both self-concept and self-efficacy were independent and similarly strong predictors of tertiary entrance ranks at the end of high school; (c) math self-efficacy was a significant predictor of university entry but math self-concept was not; and (d) math self-concept was a significant predictor of undertaking post-school studies in science, technology, engineering or math, but math self-efficacy was not.
Outcome and prognostic factors of acute meningoencephalitis in children of Southern Bangladesh

Objective: To estimate the outcome of acute meningoencephalitis (AME) in children and evaluate the impact of prognostic factors. Design and setting: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted in the paediatric ward of Khulna Medical College Hospital from 2007- 2009. Method: All admitted children, aged 1 month to 12 years, satisfying the case definition were enrolled into the study. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for cytology and biochemistry to categorize AME into pyogenic, viral or normal varieties. CSF was tested for common bacterial antigen and, along with serum was also tested for Japanese encephalitis virus antibodies. Patients were monitored twice daily until the final outcome. Results: One hundred and forty children were inducted constituting 2.5% of admissions. Infants (30%) were the worst sufferers. Twenty one (15%) children with AME died which is 4 times higher than the overall mortality (3.8%) in paediatric ward (p S Pneumoniae . Low GCS score was associated with higher mortality (p Conclusions: Mortality from AME was 15%. Low GCS score was associated with higher fatality. (Key Words: Outcome; prognostic factors; meningoencephalitis; Bangladesh) DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4038/sljch.v42i1. 5291
Fiscal Policy and the Business Cycle. The Impact of Government Expenditures, Public Debt, and Sovereign Risk on Macroeconomic Fluctuations

This thesis studies the role of fiscal policy over the business cycle based on a combination of empirical macroeconometric techniques and macroeconomic theory. The focus of the analysis to be conducted is on the impact of government expenditure policies, public debt, and sovereign default risk on short-run to medium-term macroeconomic dynamics. The aim of this analysis is to contribute to fill some of the gaps in contemporary research on fiscal policy that have become obvious in the context of the turbulent economic events over the past few years.
Information content in dividend announcements, a test of market efficiency in Malaysian market

This study investigates the market reaction to the changes in dividend announcements at the Malaysia stock exchange formally called Bursa Malaysia. Data is gathered for a sample of 356 dividend announcement made by 138 firms pined in the main market between the years 2008 to 2011. The results show that the market reacts positively to dividend increasing stocks but no significant react to the constant dividend or the decreasing group of dividend announcements. It was also observed from the information in a day prior to the announcement day that there is a probable leakage of information by the excess access to the insider information of the firms.
Reproduction of Calanus glacialis in the Lurefjord (western Norway): indication for temperature-induced female dormancy

The reproductive activity of Calanus glacialis was studied during the winter-spring transition 1996 in the Lurefjord, western Norway, focussing on the impact of phytoplankton develop- ment and temperature. Depth-stratified samples were taken at weekly intervals to determine female abundance, vertical distribution and gonad development stage. Single live females were incubated to measure in situ egg production rate, clutch size and spawning frequency. These field observations were combined with feeding and starvation experiments to study the importance of food supply in greater detail. The depth distribution of the females changed during the investigation period. On February 28, most females were located between the surface and 100 m. During March, the majority of the females inhabited the upper 50 m, and by mid-April, most females had migrated to depths below 100 m. The reproductive activity of C. glacialis was uncoupled to the phytoplankton bloom. Females were already mature at the beginning of March and egg production began. Maximum reproduction was recorded on March 28 before the beginning of the spring bloom; thereafter, gonad maturity and egg production rates declined rapidly before the end of the bloom, and by April 11 the majority of females had migrated to depths >100 m. No faecal pellets were produced when these females were offered food, and gonads became equally depleted in females starving or feeding for 5 d, indicating a deep physiological change such as dormancy. The descent of the females to lower depths and the arrest of their reproductive activity were apparently related to a temperature increase in the surface layer, similar to earlier observations in the White Sea.
CHANGES IN PLASMA MEMBRANE LIPIDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF ZYGOPHYLLUM ALBUM L. F. AND ZYGOPHYLLUM COCCINEUM L. AS AFFECTED BY HEAVY METAL POLLUTION

The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of gypsum dust on the performance of plasma membrane (PM) lipids and antioxidant enzyme activities of Zygophyllum album and Z. coccineum grown in desert ecosystems. Two different locations were selected in South Sinai, Egypt to achieve such goals; the first location was in the vicinity of a gypsum factory (polluted location) (Ras Malaab) and the other one was 25 km away from the factory (Wadi Thal). Gypsum dust increased the element concentrations in the soil of Ras Malaab area while soil pH decreased. Heavy metal pollution has increased succulence and concentration of the studied elements, more so with Ca2+ and Al3+. The activity of ascorbic acid oxidase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were increased whereas that of catalase was decreased in both species under pollution conditions. Lipid peroxidation was increased in response to soil pollution. Different PM lipids and phospholipids species were altered in Z. album and Z. coccineum as a result of soil pollution. Under such conditions remarkable changes in PM free fatty acids were observed resulting in increased sat/unsat ratio of both species and these changes were discussed in relation to plant performance.
Examining motivational correlates of mental toughness in Spanish athletes

Based on Self Determination and Achievement Goal theories, in this study we tested the relationship between perceptions of coaches’ in- terpersonal styles, athlete’s goal orientations, mental toughness (MT) and future intention of sport practice, as well as self-perception of achievement in sport in a sample of 155 athletes (82 men and 73 women) with a mean age of 22.64 + 3.91 years, from 13 teams who completed a questionnaire with the variables of interest for the study. Results revealed that athlete’s perceptions of autonomy supportive interpersonal style positively predic- ted task orientation, while athlete’s perceptions of controlling interpersonal style positively predicted ego orientation. Additionally, task orientation and self-perception of achievement in sport positively predicted MT, which in turn predicted future intention of sport practice. Results emphasize the importance of having coaches promoting autonomy supportive atmosphe- res to facilitate the development of MT in athletes.