Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planarian regeneration in space: Persistent anatomical, behavioral, and bacteriological changes induced by space travel

Abstract Regeneration is regulated not only by chemical signals but also by physical processes, such as bioelectric gradients. How these may change in the absence of the normal gravitational and geomagnetic fields is largely unknown. Planarian flatworms were moved to the International Space Station for 5 weeks, immediately after removing their heads and tails. A control group in spring water remained on Earth. No manipulation of the planaria occurred while they were in orbit, and space‐exposed worms were returned to our laboratory for analysis. One animal out of 15 regenerated into a double‐headed phenotype—normally an extremely rare event. Remarkably, amputating this double‐headed worm again, in plain water, resulted again in the double‐headed phenotype. Moreover, even when tested 20 months after return to Earth, the space‐exposed worms displayed significant quantitative differences in behavior and microbiome composition. These observations may have implications for human and animal space travelers, but could also elucidate how microgravity and hypomagnetic environments could be used to trigger desired morphological, neurological, physiological, and bacteriomic changes for various regenerative and bioengineering applications.
Dual targeting strategies with bispecific antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies are widely used for the treatment of cancer, inflammatory and infectious diseases and other disorders. Most of the marketed antibodies are monospecific and therefore capable of interacting and interfering with a single target. However, complex diseases are often multifactorial in nature, and involve redundant or synergistic action of disease mediators or upregulation of different receptors, including crosstalk between their signaling networks. Consequently, blockade of multiple, different pathological factors and pathways may result in improved therapeutic efficacy. This result can be achieved by combining different drugs, or use of the dual targeting strategies applying bispecific antibodies that have emerged as an alternative to combination therapy. This review discusses the various dual targeting strategies for which bispecific antibodies have been developed and provides an overview of the established bispecific antibody formats.
Topologie Algébrique Dirigée et Concurrence

Afin d'etudier la concurrence au moyen de techniques issues de la topologie algebrique, on etudie les proprietes de la categorie des espaces ordonnes. Le foncteur "categorie fondamentale" associe a chaque tel espace une petite categorie sans boucle, dont la taille de l'ensemble des objets est trop grand par rapport a l'information qu'elle contient. On definit alors la categorie des composantes d'une petite categorie sans boucle et l'on prouve un theoreme qui justifie le bien fonde de cette definition ainsi qu'un theoreme "a la van Kampen" qui ouvre la voie vers des calculs effectifs. On represente ainsi les programmes ecrits en langage PV (on entend ici la version originale de Dijkstra) : plusieurs exemple sont traites.
The Effect of Adolescents’ Internet Addiction on Smartphone Addiction

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adolescents’ Internet addiction levels on smartphone addiction. Methods: This study included 609 students from three high schools that are located in western Turkey. Numbers, percentages, and averages were used to evaluate the sociodemographic data. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests were used to determine whether the data had a normal distribution. Results: The average age of the participants was 12.3 ± 0.9 years. Of them, 52.3% were male, and 42.8% were 10th graders. All participants had smartphones, and 89.4% of them connected to the Internet continuously with their smartphones. The study found that there was a statistically significant correlation between Internet addiction and smartphone addiction. Originality and Value: It was determined that male adolescents with high levels of Internet addiction also had high smartphone addiction levels. On the other hand, sociodemographic variables had no statistically significant effect on smartphone addiction. A number of studies in the relevant literature examined the effects of Internet addiction on adolescents’ smartphone addiction. However, findings of this study are unique because they are specific to the Turkish culture, and there is a limited database in Turkey regarding this issue. The researchers believe that the findings of this study will be beneficial to show the importance of the issue in the international arena and to guide further studies to prevent this addiction because there is no reliable database about smartphone addiction in Turkey.
How to Improve Brand Equity in Tourism

This research is done on the context of luxurious hotels by developing brand equity dimensions and is done to know the antecedent and consequence , namely servicescape and revisit intention.To test the proposed research model, data were collected from 460 luxurious hotel consumers in Bali using a previously tested questionnaire with validity and reliability tests as a measurement model. As for hypothesis test, data is analyzed by using Structural equation modeling technique.Hypothesis testing results found that servicescape is an antecedent of brand equity and all its dimensions with the consequences of revisit intention. In addition, it is found that brand trust is the strongest factor formed by servicescape, while brand commitment is the strongest factor that will shape the revisit intention. Further research is suggested to see the difference in brand equity based on local and international luxurious hotel, and to analyze the impact of brand equity on word of mouth. From the research results, it is suggested that the hotel manager to work together with the interior design to design the servicescape that satisfy the consumer.This study develops the dimensions of brand equity in the context of a luxurious hotel modified from previous studies.
Towards satisfying performance of an O/W cosmetic emulsion: screening of reformulation factors on textural and rheological properties using general experimental design

Consumers' demand for improved products' performance, alongside with the obligation of meeting the safety and efficacy goals, presents a key reason for the reformulation, as well as a challenging task for formulators. Any change of the formulation, whether it is wanted – in order to innovate the product (new actives and raw materials) or necessary – due to, for example legislative changes (restriction of ingredients), ingredients market unavailability, new manufacturing equipment, may have a number of consequences, desired or otherwise. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of multiple factors – variations of the composition, manufacturing conditions and their interactions, on emulsion textural and rheological characteristics, applying the general experimental factorial design and, subsequently, to establish the approach that could replace, to some extent, certain expensive and time‐consuming tests (e.g. certain sensory analysis), often required, partly or completely, after the reformulation.
Two‐dimensional electrophoretic analysis of human milk proteins

Identification of human milk proteins and formulation of a two‐dimensional map is a first step in a project which intends to survey human milk proteins by two‐dimensional electrophoresis. Thirty‐four proteins have been identified using the Iso‐Dalt method of separation and Western blot with immunoprobes. Identification confirms that milk is species‐specific, and, therefore, breast feeding confers a decided advantage for the infant. Using antisera for identification has revealed relationships between molecules which have not been previously noted. The antibody recognizes a common epitope between the IgA α chain and lactoferrin, and between the IgD d chain and β casein. Milk protein concentrations vary longitudinally, diurnally, and individually. Identification of the proteins contributes meaning to the varying patterns. Knowledge of human milk proteins will help to elucidate human nutrition and health needs.
Strategies for assessing Early--Middle (Pliensbachian--Aalenian) Jurassic cyclochronologies

There are a number of fundamental problems in assessing the astronomically forced cyclostratigraphy of the Jurassic Period. First, Jurassic geochronology is not well constrained, due to a general scarcity of radiometric dates, inferior precision of the existing ones, and large inaccuracies in stratigraphic constraints. These problems are particularly troublesome in the Early to Middle Jurassic cyclic carbonates of the Colle di Sogno section in the Lombardy Pre–Alps, Italy. Second, Jurassic sedimentary formations have undergone significant diagenesis, and again, the Colle di Sogno carbonates, with their location on the southern edge of the Alpine fold belt, are no exception. This prevents the recovery of the primary geochemical proxies needed to evaluate the relationship between cyclic sedimentation and orbital forcing. Finally, even when a strong case can be made for orbitally forced cycles, a direct calibration between the Jurassic and existing theoretical orbital solutions is not yet possible. However, at Colle di Sogno new nannofossil biostratigraphy provides the opportunity to make significant headway in recognizing Jurassic signals consistent with orbital theory, and to propose cyclochronologic estimates for a portion of the Pliensbachian, and for the combined Toarcian–Aalenian Stages. We evaluate the presence of orbital signals in the sequence through the use of frequency modulation analysis of the cycles, as well as by spectral analysis of lithologic rank time–series reconstructions. The results show that the Pliensbachian Domaro Limestone contains a dual–component precession–like signal that undergoes frequency variation indicative of modulation by orbital eccentricity. The signal subsequently evolves into a single–component signal with frequency perturbations similar to those of the obliquity variation in the overlying Toarcian–Aalenian Sogno Formation. This switch in response to the fundamental orbital modes occurs during the deposition of the Lower Toarcian black shale, a time of significant global environmental change. The biostratigraphy at Colle di Sogno has well–defined Pliensbachian–Toarcian and Toarcian–Aalenian boundaries, allowing a cyclochronologic minimum estimate of 11.37 ±0.05 (1σ) Ma for the duration of the Toarcian–Aalenian interval (not accounting for stratigraphic and taxonomic noise). This compares well with the 13.1 ± 2.8 (1σ) Ma estimated for this same stratigraphic interval using the current radiometric geochronology. The underlying precession–forced Pliensbachian Domaro Limestone limestone–shale couplets suggest a time of formation for the sequence of least 5 Ma, with an age of onset in the jamesoni or polymorphus subzone.
The Effect of Sustainability Report on Financial Performance with Good Corporate Governance Quality as a Moderating Variable

Financial performance is an important issue for company. Currently, one of method that can be used to improve financial performance is disclose sustainability report. Sustainability report is a report containing non-financial information that consists economic, social and environment performance. Sustainable companies is a company that not only pay attention to the benefits, but also aware about environment and social around their company. To create effective and efficient sustainability report, require a good corporate governance. This study analyzes the effect of sustainability report on financial performance by observe at each aspect of the sustainability report and to analyze how good corporate governance quality can moderate that effect. This study use financial company who publish sustainability report on 2013-2016 and participated in Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI) as a sample. The method used to analyse the effect between variables is Moderated Regression Analysis. The results of this study indicate that social and environment performance disclosure has positif significant effect on financial performance, but economic performance disclosure has negative significant effect on financial performance. Good corporate governance quality weakens the effect of economic and environment performance disclosure on financial performance. But good corporate governance quality is not able to moderate the effect of social performance disclosure on financial performance.
[End-of-life care: experiences and expectations of bereaved relatives].

BACKGROUND AND AIM Within end-of-life care concepts, relatives of patients suffering from incurable illness are an important target group. This study aims to explore the experiences of relatives of deceased patients regarding health care delivery within the last days and weeks of life, and to work out implications for patient and relatives oriented improvement strategies. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted 19 qualitative interviews with bereaved relatives addressing the patient's use of health care services and satisfaction with the services, as well as communication and information. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Three main categories were developed: (1) present health care delivery, e. g. positive and negative experiences concerning communication and information; (2) expectations and wishes, e. g. better support and coordination concerning discharge from hospital; (3) the relative and the dying patient, e. g. attitudes towards death and dying as well as individual limitations and resources. Overall, from the perspective of the bereaved relatives there are deficits concerning coordination of health care delivery and communication. CONCLUSION Improving coordination of health care in particular with regard to the interfaces of outpatient and inpatient care, advanced care planning and strengthening "talking medicine" may contribute to optimize health care delivery for severely ill and dying patients and their relatives.
Understanding the Linkages and Impact of Purchaser Perception of Sales Service Quality in Relation to Innovation Diffusion in Nigerian Internet Shopping

While the internet offers tremendous innovative communication diffusion opportunities, it also offers some of the innovative ways of purchasing and retailing products and services. There are mounting empirical and conceptual evidences on the benefits and potentials of the diffusion of online shopping in Nigeria. However, limited attention is devoted to investigating the links and influences of customers’ sociographic characteristics on their perception of sales service quality in the increasingly diffusing innovative internet shopping in the country. Addressing this gap in the literature, this study examined the effect of gender, age, educational background, marital status, income and occupation on perceived sales service quality of innovative internet shopping among 400 customers who had shopped online at least once in the previous three months. Using a purposive sampling, a questionnaire designed from a scale developed by Jun, Yang and Kim (2004) was employed and analysed the data using factor analysis. The hypotheses were tested using Kruskal-Wallis (H-test) and Mann-Whitney U tests to determine the degree of the differences of the effect among the demographics and the findings revealed that age and educational qualification and gender and marital status variously differed significantly across most of the constructs except for monthly income. Results of the study highlight the importance of sociographic characteristics in influencing customers’ perception of innovative internet shopping.
Serologic detection of antibodies against Fasciola hepatica in native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae).

The purpose of this study was to determine a nationwide seroprevalence of Fasciola hepatica in native Korean goats ( Capra hircus coreanae). A total of 464 blood samples were collected from the three geographical regions (northern, central and southern regions) of the country between November 2009 and August 2011. Sera were separated from whole blood following standard procedures and analysed with an ELISA to detect antibodies against F. hepatica. The positive samples were further classified as mildly, moderately and strongly positive. Out of 464 goat sera samples assessed, five (1.1%) were seropositive. From these, three (0.6%) were mildly positive, two (0.4%) were moderately positive while no samples were observed to be strongly positive. All the five positive animals were adults (≥ 2 year old) rather than young goats (< 2 year old). There was no significant difference in seropositivity between age and regions. In conclusion, this study determined for the first time the seroprevalence of F. hepatica infection in native Korean goats. The findings also provide an update on the status of F. hepatica infection and can serve as a foundation for future investigations on the significance of this parasite in Korea.
Psychological Empowerment and Work Engagement as predictors of Work Satisfaction: A sample of Hotel Employees

With more organizations looking for employees who take initiative and respond creatively to the challenges of the job, engagement and psychological empowerment becomes important at both individual and organizational levels. Engaged employees are generally more satisfied with their work, committed and effective at work. According to the JDR model (Schaufeli and Bakker, 2004), engagement may be produced by two types of working conditions: job demands (i.e., role stress) and job resources (i.e., psychological empowerment; self-efficacy). This study examines the role of psychological empowerment and work engagement as antecedents of job satisfaction. A cross sectional study using online questionnaires was conducted. The sample consisted of 152 Portuguese workers in hotels. Tourism is an important tool for profit and the Portuguese hotels are fundamental for the growth of the country. Employee satisfaction increases employee retention and increases productivity influencing the income/profits for hotels. Hierarchical multiple regressions analyses revealed that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by psychological empowerment and work engagement. Results support JDR model by showing that positive outcomes, such as job satisfaction, may be predicted by motivational process and job demands. On a practical level, JDR model provides a framework for understanding motivating workplaces and engaged and satisfied hotel employees.
Willingness to pay a premium for produce at direct marketing outlets: an ordered probit analysis

The concept of farm to consumer direct marketing has been popularly known to create opportunities for farmer-consumer relationship and enhance the sustainability of the local farming business. The objective of the present study was to predict the consumers’ willingness to pay for fresh produce in the direct marketing outlets and agritourism activities. An Internet survey relating to direct marketing and agritourism was conducted to understand the characteristics of consumers. A total of 1,134 participants completed the survey from Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Based on their responses, an ordered probit model was developed at a low premium (1-5 percent), medium premium (6-10 percent) and high premium (11percent and above) to predict respondents’ willingness to pay a premium for produce sold at direct marketing outlets. The estimated results show that consumers’ willingness to pay more to help preserve farmland or local business is highly significant. However, we discovered an inverse relationship for the Mid-Atlantic fresh greens shoppers. On average, as the travel distance increases, the likelihood of paying a higher premium decrease based on each additional mile they travel. The results of the ordered probit model will help all relevant stakeholders from the Mid-Atlantic States to promote direct marketing and agritourism industry in the region and enhance their knowledge of the industry. SAARC J. Agri. , 15(2): 19-30 (2017)
The Lid Wiper Contains Goblet Cells and Goblet Cell Crypts for Ocular Surface Lubrication During the Blink

Purpose: The conjunctival side of the upper and lower inner eyelid borders, termed the lid wiper, has a thickened epithelial lip for apposition to the globe, assumed to distribute the preocular tear film. The human lid wiper structure and its goblet cells are investigated. Methods: Conjunctival whole mounts, including lid margins from 17 eyes of human body donors, were investigated by routine histology and semithin plastic sections, using histology, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry. Results: In routine histology, the conjunctival lid wiper epithelium regularly showed goblet cells, single and in clusters, at the luminal surface and also deep within the epithelium without apparent surface contact. Semithin sections revealed that the deep goblet cells were often connected to cryptal epithelial infoldings that opened to the surface, hence making their mucins available at the surface. The goblet cells produced mucins of neutral (periodic acid-Schiff) and acidic (Alcian blue) type and stained positive for the gel-forming mucin MUC5AC. Surprisingly, MUC5AC-negative goblet cells were also observed in the lid wiper. Conclusions: Contrary to conventional assumptions, the lid wiper is part of the conjunctiva. It contains previously undescribed goblet cell crypts deep in the epithelium, suitable as an internal lubrication system for reduction of friction between the lid margin and the globe. This provides the first evidence of the morphological basis for the hydrodynamic type of lubrication and a more conclusive understanding of lid-margin lubrication and tear film distribution. It is another strong indication that the lid wiper is that area in apposition with the globe for distributing the thin preocular tear film during the blink.
Supply Chains and Antitrust Governance

Antitrust regulations are meant to promote fair competition in the market, but balancing administrative and legal costs with enforcement can be difficult when multilayered supply chains are involved. The canonical example of this challenge is the landmark Illinois Brick ruling, which limits antitrust damages to only the direct purchasers of a product; for instance, consumers can file antitrust claims against colluding retailers but not against colluding manufacturers—only retailers can file claims against manufacturers. This controversial ruling was meant to reduce legal costs, but it can clearly lead to missed enforcement opportunities. In this paper, we demonstrate how the Illinois Brick ruling interacts with contracts adopted in the supply chain, and we show that otherwise equivalent supply chain arrangements can have markedly different effects. In particular, we find that wholesale price, minimum order quantity, revenue sharing, and quantity discount contracts lead retailers to take legal action against manufacturers in the event of collusive behavior. However, the wholesale price plus fixed fee contract structure (also known as a two-part tariff or slotting fee contract) facilitates collusion among the manufacturers with retailers compensated by the fixed fee and not filing the antitrust litigation. We further demonstrate that collusion is more likely under high demand uncertainty and high competition at the retail level but is less likely under high competition at the manufacturer level. Our paper helps public enforcers identify market conditions conducive to antitrust violations. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.