Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anteroposterior Translational Malalignment of Ankle Arthrodesis Alters Foot Biomechanics in Cadaveric Gait Simulation

Tibiotalar arthrodesis is a common surgical treatment for end‐stage ankle arthritis. Proper ankle alignment is important as malalignment can lead to complications that may require revision surgery. This study aimed to determine how anteroposterior (AP) translational malalignment of ankle arthrodesis affects distal foot joint kinematics and plantar pressure. Ankle arthrodesis was performed on 10 cadaveric foot specimens using a custom fixture that could fuse the ankle neutrally and induce discrete malalignments (3, 6, and 9 mm) anteriorly and posteriorly. Gait was simulated under each alignment with a robotic gait simulator, and foot bone motion and plantar pressure were quantified. AP translational malalignment did not substantially affect plantar pressure or joint range of motion, but there were several significant differences in joint position throughout stance phase. Differences were seen in five joints (talocalcaneal, talonavicular, calcaneocuboid, fifth tarsometatarsal, and first metatarsophalangeal) and in the position of the first metatarsal relative to the talus. The most extreme effects occurred when the talus was displaced 6 mm or more posteriorly. In vivo, this may lead to aberrant joint loading, which could negatively impact patient outcomes. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:450‐458, 2020
User Experience Affects Dropout from Internet-Delivered Dialectical Behavior Therapy.

Background: The emergence of computerized treatment may help reduce the gap between mental health treatment needs and accessibility, but unfortunately, dropout from these interventions is often high. Introduction: To increase the effectiveness of computerized interventions and reduce dropout, particularly among high-risk and clinically complex populations, better understanding of how usable and acceptable (i.e., user experience) these interventions are, informed by human computer interaction research, is needed. This study examines user experience of internet-delivered dialectical behavior therapy (iDBT). The major aim is to explore whether treatment dropout was affected by the complexity of population and/or user experience. Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted using data from a randomized controlled trial that evaluated iDBT in a sample of 59 suicidal and heavy episodic drinkers. Multivariate logistic regression and chi-square tests were performed to examine the roles of clinical characteristics and user experience in differentiating dropouts and nondropouts. Results: The only significant pretreatment predictor of dropout was the presence of a barrier, with technological and unknown barriers being most strongly associated with dropping. No clinical characteristics emerged as significant predictors of dropout. Discussion: The current results highlight technological problems as a possible barrier to adherence to computerized interventions. Future research would profit from increased integration of human-computer interaction to identify and solve user experience problems.
Bioactive Compounds and Stability of a Typical Italian Bakery Products “Taralli” Enriched with Fermented Olive Paste

Olive paste (OP) is a novel by-product of olive mill industry composed of water, olive pulp, and skin. Due to its richness in bioactive compounds, OP exploitation for human consumption has recently been proposed. Starter driven fermented OP is characterized by a well-balanced lipid profile, rich in mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a very good oxidative stability due to the high concentration of fat-soluble antioxidants. These characteristics make OP particularly suitable as a functional ingredient for food/feed industry, as well as for the formulation of nutraceutical products. New types of taralli were produced by adding 20% of fermented OP from black olives (cv Cellina di Nardò and Leccino) to the dough. The levels of bioactive compounds (polyphenols, triterpenic acids, tocochromanols, and carotenoids), as well as the fatty acid profile, were monitored during 180 days of storage and compared with control taralli produced with the same flour without OP supplementation. Taralli enriched with fermented OP showed significantly higher levels of bioactive compounds than conventional ones. Furthermore, enriched taralli maintained a low amount of saturated fatty acids and high levels of polyphenols, triterpenic acids, tocochromanols, and carotenoids, compared to the initial value, up to about 90 days in the usual conditions of retailer shelves.
Identifying the Informational and Emotional Needs of Individuals with Brugada Syndrome and Their Families to Guide the Development of an Educational Resource

PURPOSE: Brugada syndrome is an autosomal dominant arrhythmia condition caused by genetic mutations affecting the cardiac conduction system. It is characterized by an abnormal electrocardiogram pattern and a predisposition to syncope and sudden cardiac death. Penetrance is incomplete and expressivity varies greatly within families. This condition is endemic in Southeast Asia, but was described in North America and Europe in 1992. Due to its novelty and complexity there is a scarcity of informational resources. The first aim of this project was to gain insight from individuals and families with Brugada syndrome and to use this information to accomplish the second aim: an educational resource well-suited for families coping with Brugada syndrome. The public health relevance of this project reflects its application to genetic counseling: the development of patient educational resources involves a careful assembly of content and design with attention to patient needs. METHODS: Ten participants completed a questionnaire which addressed general understanding of the condition, personal experiences, terms and concepts related to Brugada syndrome, and individual perspectives. The responses to the questionnaire were used to help shape an educational resource. RESULTS: Analysis of the questionnaire responses revealed that some main concepts are well-understood by this study population, while there is considerable lack of understanding of other important concepts associated with Brugada syndrome. Overall participants expressed needs for more information and tools for coping with the condition. CONCLUSION: A two part educational resource was created to address these needs. A short introductory pamphlet was produced for use as an initial introduction to the condition and an in-depth resource called Brugada syndrome: A Guide for Families was created. The resources include patient-friendly explanations of symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, children, inheritance, genetic testing, and support resources.
Intended place of residence in old age of internal migrants aged 15–64 years: a citywide cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China

Objectives To explore the intentions of working-age internal migrants concerning their place of residence in old age and the relevant influencing factors. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the 17 districts of Shanghai, China in 2013. Through multi-stage stratified sampling with probability proportional to size, 7968 internal migrants (aged 15–64 years) were selected and interviewed individually face to face. The primary outcome concerned the intended place of residence in old age of internal migrants living in Shanghai. Information was collected on demographic characteristics, health insurance, economic condition and participation in social activities. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyse the factors influencing migrants’ intentions concerning their place of residence in old age. Results A total of 7927 working-age migrants with complete data were analysed. Of these, 57.0% intended to live in their hometown in old age, 17.7% planned to remain in Shanghai and 25.3% were undecided. Those respondents who were male, less educated, from rural areas or Western China, living in rental houses or who had left family members behind in their hometowns were more likely to choose their hometown as their intended residence in old age (p<0.05). Engagement in business, longer residence duration, possession of social insurance and participation in social activities in Shanghai were identified as possible motivators for migrants who intended to remain in Shanghai in old age (p<0.05). Conclusions Most of the migrants expressed an intention to remigrate to their hometowns in old age. Education, economic capacity and social insurance influenced internal migrants in their decision. Relevant authorities should monitor the remigration pattern of ageing migrants, strengthen the senior care system and prepare health service resources that are more adequate, especially in the provinces or cities whence the migrants came.
Evaluation of cardiomyopathy in acute myeloid leukemia patients treated with anthracyclines

Background Acute myeloid leukemia patients receive anthracycline-containing induction chemotherapy. Anthracyclines cause cardiotoxicity; however, there is a paucity of data reflecting the risk of cardiotoxicity in the acute myeloid leukemia population, and risk factors for development of reduced left ventricular ejection fraction are not well established in this population. Methods A retrospective cohort study of adult acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving anthracycline-containing induction chemotherapy between March 2011 and August 2017 was performed. Baseline and all additional cardiac monitoring within one year of induction were collected. Home medications and new medication initiation were determined via the electronic health record and new outpatient prescriptions. Results Of 97 evaluable patients, 25 (25.8%) developed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and 18 (18.6%) experienced clinical heart failure within one year of induction. The median difference from baseline to lowest left ventricular ejection fraction was −5.0 percentage points, with a range of +10.0 to −52.5. The median time to onset of reduced left ventricular ejection fraction was 27 days, at a median cumulative anthracycline dose of 270 mg/m2. No patient-specific or medication-specific factors were significantly associated with the risk of developing reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Of 14 patients started on medical management for reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, 10 (71%) responded to therapy. Conclusions In this retrospective analysis, we observed that acute myeloid leukemia patients experienced reduced left ventricular ejection fraction more quickly and at lower doses than previously reported in the solid tumor population. Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction was at least partially reversible in most patients started on medical management. Although no factors were significantly associated with decreased cardiomyopathy risk, future assessment of cardioprotective medications may be warranted.
Seminal fluid compromises visual perception in honeybee queens reducing their survival during additional mating flights

Queens of social insects make all mate-choice decisions on a single day, except in honeybees whose queens can conduct mating flights for several days even when already inseminated by a number of drones. Honeybees therefore appear to have a unique, evolutionarily derived form of sexual conflict: a queen’s decision to pursue risky additional mating flights is driven by later-life fitness gains from genetically more diverse worker-offspring but reduces paternity shares of the drones she already mated with. We used artificial insemination, RNA-sequencing and electroretinography to show that seminal fluid induces a decline in queen vision by perturbing the phototransduction pathway within 24–48 hr. Follow up field trials revealed that queens receiving seminal fluid flew two days earlier than sister queens inseminated with saline, and failed more often to return. These findings are consistent with seminal fluid components manipulating queen eyesight to reduce queen promiscuity across mating flights.
Risk prediction in chronic kidney disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Accurate risk stratification in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly desirable to help guide earlier, targeted treatment in high-risk individuals. In this review, we report recent developments in our understanding of risk factors and risk prediction in patients with CKD. RECENT FINDINGS A large meta-analysis has shown that conventional cardiovascular risk factors continue to play an important role in disease progression and adverse outcomes in patients with advanced CKD where the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is < 30 ml/min/1.73 m). Several studies have shed light on novel biomarkers in CKD, including peptides (LG1 M), genes (MUC1) and metabolic factors (urinary oxalate excretion). Cortical oxygenation measured by BOLD-MRI also provides a novel radiological measure predictive of future eGFR decline. A new risk prediction score for patients with CKD G4-5 has been developed, offering an aid to decision-making in these patients. SUMMARY Ongoing work across various disciplines continues to unravel the determinants of CKD progression. A few notable risk prediction tools in CKD have now surfaced but whether they can be utilised to offer improved care remains a key unanswered question.
Nest sanitation facilitates egg recognition in the common tailorbird, a plaintive cuckoo host

Nest sanitation is a ubiquitous behavior in birds and functions to remove foreign objects that accidentally have fallen into their nests. In avian brood parasitism, the host's ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs is a specific anti-parasitic behavior. Previous studies have shown that egg recognition may have evolved from nest sanitation behavior; however, few studies have offered evidence in support of this hypothesis. In the current study, we added one real white egg and one model egg to the nests of common tailorbirds (Orthotomus sutorius), the main host of plaintive cuckoos (Cacomantis merulinus), to explore the relationship between egg recognition ability in hosts and nest sanitation behavior. Results showed that common tailorbirds rejected both non-mimetic blue model eggs and mimetic white model eggs at a similar rate of 100%, but only rejected 16.1% of mimetic real white eggs. The egg rejection behavior of common tailorbirds towards both real and model eggs was consistent. However, when both blue model eggs and real white eggs were simultaneously added to their nests, the probability of rejecting the mimetic real white egg increased to 50%. The addition of blue model eggs not only increased the occurrence of nest sanitation behavior but also increased the ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs. This suggests that nest sanitation may facilitate egg rejection in common tailorbird hosts.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA PADA SISWA KELAS XII SMK NEGERI 6 PALEMBANG

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between self-efficacy and intention entrepreneurship in class XII Vocational School District 6 Palembang. The study hypothesis is that there is a positive correlation between self-efficacy and intention entrepreneurship to high school students Kejururan Negeri 6 Palembang. The population in this study were students Vocational School District 6 Palembang totaling 357 students, with the number of samples taken are 100 students who are determined using proportional random sampling technique. Data collection instruments used in this study is the scale of self-efficacy and intention scale entrepreneurship. Methods of data analysis using the Pearson product moment correlation. Based on this analysis, showed there was a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and intention entrepreneurship to high school students SMK Negeri 6 Palembang with r count> r table = 0.370> 0.197 by 0.05. That is, the higher self-efficacy, the higher the intention entrepreneurship.
The Expert-lay Controversy in Risk Research and Management: Effects of Institutional Distances

This introduction to the four papers included in the thesis explains the choice of food risk as an empirical focus as well as the overall scope and theme of the thesis: to come to a more nuanced understanding of the expert-lay divide through focusing on the effects of institutional distances between the actors involved in risk analysis, risk management, risk communication and risk taking. Then a brief introduction to the theoretical framework is offered. From this point the remaining sections of this introduction serve the double purpose of summing up results and theoretical points from the individual papers and synthesizing between them. Introduction This thesis consists of four papers which address different aspects of risk. All the papers in the thesis relate one way or another to food risks, but food risks is not the core subject matter of the thesis. The overall theme is about how risks are defined, perceived, managed and communicated. However, the empirical focus on food risks is not a result of mere coincidence. During the past decades society has witnessed a number of food scares such as BSE, avian bird flu, E-Coli, Salmonella and Dioxin residues (Löfstedt 2006; Knowles 2007). New food risk topics related to novel foods and biotechnology such as GMO have added to the public concerns over food risks (Frewer et al. 2002; Sjöberg 2008). Obesity and other consequences of lifestyle related food risks cause severe health problems (Seiders 2004). Recently the growing concern about climate changes has led to significant public concern and media attention to the environmental impacts of food miles and green house gas emissions in food production (Weber and Matthews 2008). As a consequence of this development consumer concerns over food safety have increased steadily since the 1970s (Knox 2000). The sum of all these risks and the resulting societal anxiety are a politicization of food risks similar to that of risks related to new technologies. The politicization of food risks is accompanied by increased public demands for regulation, which, similar to the case of regulating new technologies, lead to the necessity of a better understanding of what factors drive public attitudes towards those risks. Subsequently the studies of public perceptions of
An Australian Disaster: The 1983 Bushfires

Research on the psychological effects of the 1983 Ash Wednesday bushfires represents the continuation of a long-standing interest of Australian psychiatrists in the effects of the variety of disasters to which this antipodean continent is prone. The impacts of floods [1], cyclones [2-4], railway accidents [5], shipwrecks [6], and war [7] have all been systematically investigated. Raphael [5,8] has been instrumental in maintaining this focus of interest because of her belief in the unique opportunities disasters offer for primary prevention of mental disorders. It is perhaps strange that the effects of bushfires have not been examined earlier since they are the most predictable disaster on the Australian continent. The native bush vegetation has evolved with fires as a necessary part of the life cycle of regeneration. The risks of conflagration have increased because modern intensive agriculture has increased the instability of the ecosystem. The major fires burn areas the size of European or Asian countries. For example, in 1939 an area larger than Wales was destroyed; in 1956, an area the size of Greece burned; and in 1974-75, over 15% of the continent was denuded, an area four times the size of Italy or Vietnam [9]. The intensity of the heat in the worst fires poses an extreme risk to life, 1 meter of a fire front generating 100 megawatts; in effect, 5 meters of such a fire front generate as much energy as a large power station [9]. It is therefore surprising that the loss of life in these disasters is not greater. On 16 February 1983, several disastrous bushfires burned 2,804 square kilometers of bush, grazing land, orchards, forests, and national parks in South Australia. Flames 250 meters high were photographed, and the windstorm that accompanied the fire was strong enough to snap the trunks of mature radiata pines, which gives some idea of the intensity of the disaster at its height. Twenty-eight people were killed, and many hundreds were injured. More than 250,000 animals were killed. The fire made 385 homes uninhabitable, most being totally destroyed; and 3,200 properties were affected in some way. A conservative estimate of the cost of the damage in 1983 was $A200 million. The impact of this fire was studied from a variety of perspectives. First, two epidemiological studies were conducted to define the frequency of mental disorders attributable to the disaster [10-12]. Second, the clinical services required by the
A spectrum of lymphocyte responsiveness in human syphilis.

The lymphocyte transformation test was used to assess cell-mediated immunity in thirty-one patients with syphilis. Lymphocytes from patients with sero-negative primary syphilis showed a small response to the Nichols strain of Treponema pallidum which did not differ significantly from that of controls. By contrast, cells from patients with sero-positive syphilis or from patients in the papular secondary stage showed marked stimulation, although those from patients in the macular secondary stage did not. Lymphocytes from patients receiving treatment with antibiotics gave an increased response. Lymphocytes from patients with secondary syphilis did not give as high a response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin as did cells from either patients with primary syphilis or cells from control subjects.
Association between the interleukin-1 beta polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin(IL)-1 beta is a main component in inflammatory pathways and is overexpressed in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Several studies report associations between IL-1 beta polymorphisms and AD, but findings from different studies are controversial. Our aim was to verify the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-1 beta, at sites -511 and +3953, and AD by meta-analysis. Computerized bibliographic searches of PUBMED and AlzGene database (http://www.alzgene.org) were supplemented with manual searches of reference lists. There is evidence for association between IL-1 beta + 3953 SNP and AD, with an OR = 1.60 (95%C.I.: 1.16-2.22; Z = 2.83 p = 0.005) for TT genotype. No significant difference in genotype distribution of the IL-1 beta -511 SNP in AD was obtained, but high between-study heterogeneity was found. To reduce heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were performed using, as stratifying variables, characteristics of the population under study (age, gender, type of AD diagnosis, Mini Mental State Examination of the controls) and characteristics related to the study design (statistical power of individual studies). The frequency of the IL-1 beta -511 TT genotype resulted significantly higher than other genotypes only when the Caucasian studies with the highest statistical power were included in the subgroup analysis (OR = 1.32; 95% C.I.: 1.03-1.69; p = 0.03), with no evidence of between-study heterogeneity. our data support an association between the TT genotype of IL-1 beta +3953 SNP and AD, and suggest a possible association of the -511 TT genotype. Unreplicability of the results seems to be due mainly to the lack of statistical power of the individual studies. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.