Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Drives The Value Premium

This paper shows that stocks held by institutional investors exhibit a much lower value premium when compared to the market as a whole. In such stocks, the value premium has decreased consistently over time and has, in fact, disappeared completely in the last 15 years. Risk-based explanations for this occurrence are found to be unsatisfactory; most notably, the three-factor model of Fama and French (1993) is strongly rejected. It is concluded that the value premium is a small, concentrated and dying phenomenon that cannot be reconciled with the “rational” paradigm. The good news, however, is that most of the stock-market can now be declared “value anomaly-free”.
Roles of DnaK and RpoS in Starvation-Induced Thermotolerance of Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT DnaK is essential for starvation-induced resistance to heat, oxidation, and reductive division in Escherichia coli. Studies reported here indicate that DnaK is also required for starvation-induced osmotolerance, catalase activity, and the production of the RpoS-controlled Dps (PexB) protein. Because thesednaK mutant phenotypes closely resemble those ofrpoS (ς38) mutants, the relationship between DnaK and RpoS was evaluated directly during growth and starvation at 30°C in strains with genetically altered DnaK content. A starvation-specific effect of DnaK on RpoS abundance was observed. During carbon starvation, DnaK deficiency reduced RpoS levels threefold, while DnaK excess increased RpoS levels nearly twofold. Complementation of the dnaK mutation restored starvation-induced RpoS levels to normal. RpoS deficiency had no effect on the cellular concentration of DnaK, revealing an epistatic relationship between DnaK and RpoS. Protein half-life studies conducted at the onset of starvation indicate that DnaK deficiency significantly destabilized RpoS. RpoH (ς32) suppressors of thednaK mutant with restored levels of RpoS and dnaK rpoS double mutants were used to show that DnaK plays both an independent and an RpoS-dependent role in starvation-induced thermotolerance. The results suggest that DnaK coordinates sigma factor levels in glucose-starved E. coli.
Old Theory and New Service Quality: An Exploratory Study of the Nature and Nomological Net of Online Service Quality and Continuing Use using Information Systems Theory

The quality of online services is a research area at the intersection of marketing and information systems. Traditionally, it is rooted in ideas about service quality of non-virtual service interactions that have been adopted from the marketing literature. However, as Information Systems researchers adapt the concepts and measures to fit virtual, or online, services, they frequently encounter difficulties both with the conceptualisation and with the measurements. In this paper, we remind the community that online services are also information systems, and receivers of these services are system users. Hence, we suggest that established "old" IS-centric theories such as continuance and self-efficacy can play a role in explaining users' perceptions of these "new" types of online services. We present an initial qualitative study that demonstrates the plausibility of this perspective and its potential explanatory value.
N‐linked glycan of a sperm CD52 glycoform associated with human infertility

In a benchmark study, Isojima and colleagues established H6–3C4, the first successful heterohybridoma immortalized from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of an infertile woman who exhibited high sperm‐immobilizing antibody titers. The present report demonstrates the identity between the glycoprotein antigens recognized by the human H6–3C4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and the murine S19 mAb, generated in our laboratory to sperm agglutination antigen‐1 (SAGA‐1). Both mAb's recognize N‐linked carbohydrate epitopes on the 15–25 kDa, polymorphic SAGA‐1 glycoprotein that is localized to all domains of the human sperm surface. Treatment with phosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipase C demonstrated that SAGA‐1 is anchored in the sperm plasmalemma via a GPI‐lipid linkage. Immunoaffinity purification and microsequencing indicated that the core peptide of the SAGA‐1 glycoprotein is identical to the sequence of CD52, a GPI‐anchored lymphocyte differentiation marker implicated in signal transduction. Comparison of anti‐SAGA‐1 and anti‐CD52 immunoreactivities revealed that the sperm form of CD52 exhibits N‐linked glycan epitopes, including the epitope recognized by the infertility‐associated H6–3C4 mAb, which are not detected on lymphocyte CD52. Thus, the two populations of the CD52 glycoprotein on lymphocytes and spermatozoa represent glycoforms, glycoprotein isoforms with the same core amino acid sequence but different carbohydrate structures. Furthermore, mAb's to the unique carbohydrate epitopes on sperm CD52 have multiple inhibitory effects on sperm function, including a cytotoxic effect on spermatozoa in the presence of complement. These results are the first to implicate unique carbohydrate moieties of a sperm CD52 glycoform as target epitopes in the anti‐sperm immune response of an infertile woman. Furthermore, localization of CD52 on all domains of the sperm surface coupled with the multiple sperm‐inhibitory effects of antibodies to its unique carbohydrate moieties suggest opportunities for immunocontraceptive development. —Diekman, A. B. , Norton, E. J., Klotz, K. L. , Westbrook, V. A. , Shibahara, H. , Naaby‐Hansen, S. , Flickinger, C. J., Herr, J. C. N‐linked glycan of a sperm CD52 glycoform associated with human infertility. FASEB J. 13, 1303–1313 (1999)
Natural history of brachial plexus neuropathy. Report on 99 patients.

A clinical analysis of 99 patients with brachial plexus neuropathy (BPN) and the outcome of 84 of these patients are presented. The disease may involve the upper, the lower, or the entire plexus; the involvement may be complete or incomplete, and it may often be bilateral. Although the etiologic factor or factors remain unknown, our studies support the contention that this form of neuropathy is a clinical entity with, in most cases, a fairly typical pattern of symptoms and signs. The overall prognosis is excellent despite the severity and extent of the lesion. There is no apparent difference in the clinical aspects and recovery rates between patients who had antecedent immunizations and those who did not. While improvement may begin in one to two months, complete functional recovery may not be achieved for up to three years or longer in some cases.
A Method for Measuring Particle Number Emissions from Vehicles Driving on the Road

Earlier research has demonstrated that the conditions of dilution of engine exhaust gases profoundly influence the size distribution and total number of particles emitted. Since real world dilution conditions are variable and therefore difficult to simulate, this research has sought to develop and validate a method for measuring particle number emissions from vehicles driving past on a road. This has been achieved successfully using carbon dioxide as a tracer of exhaust gas dilution. By subsequent adjustment of data to a constant dilution factor, it is possible to compare emissions from different vehicles using different technologies and fuels based upon real world emission data. Whilst further optimisation of the technique, especially in terms of matching the instrument response times is desirable, the measurements offer useful insights into emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles, and the substantial proportion of particles emitted in the 3-7 nanometre size range.
Humane Endpoints in Shock Research

In biomedical research using animal models, the phrase “humane endpoints” refers to predetermined criteria used to judge when the research animals should be humanely euthanized. The intended goal of humane endpoints is to minimize the distress or suffering of research animals; however, if applied incorrectly, this well-intended concept could lead to premature decisions and inaccurate data, resulting in a waste of animal life. A concensus on specific endpoints for shock and inflammation research is not available but several biochemical, physical and behavioral parameters have been suggested for other research models. In addition, the authors have found, in the studies presented here, that increasing body weight, decreased body temperature, and inability to ambulate are important parameters in a model of cecal ligation and puncture. However, it is clear that the applicability of these endpoints may change with the model of disease, intensity of insults, experimental treatments and other factors. Consequently, humane endpoints should be assigned cautiously and preferably after preliminary studies to prevent aberrant research results. In order to accomplish this, investigators must become aware of certain concepts including: when to implement endpoints, what endpoints to consider, and how to establish the endpoints for their studies. Equipped with the basic principles of humane endpoints, investigators can make informed decisions that meet current standards of animal care while still achieving the scientific goals of their research studies.
Proton chemical shift imaging in pick complex.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pick complex (PC) is the name given to a group of diseases comprising Pick disease and its variations, all of which have a large degree of pathologic and clinical overlap. Because of this overlap, the observation of neuropathologic changes in vivo is difficult, although these changes play important roles in the criteria used for classification. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in brain metabolism in PC with proton chemical shift imaging ((1)H-CSI). METHODS Nine patients with PC (three each with frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration [CBD], and primary progressive aphasia [PPA]) and five healthy subjects underwent (1)H-CSI. Volumes of interest were selected at the level of the basal ganglia by using a spin-echo sequence (TR/TE, 2000/13). Peak areas and ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho) were calculated in voxels in the basal ganglia and perisylvian regions. RESULTS Reduced NAA/Cho ratios were observed in the right basal ganglia of the patients with PC. In patients with CBD or PPA, low NAA/Cr values were detected in the right perisylvian region. CONCLUSION In PC, (1)H-CSI decreased NAA values in a wide area. Significantly reduced NAA levels in the right hemisphere in patients with PC suggests a neurodegenerative change and may reflect cases in which the right hemisphere is dominantly affected, compared with the left hemisphere. (1)H-CSI provided information that could not be obtained with other imaging techniques. Thus, (1)H-CSI may provide useful information for understanding the pathologic process underlying PC.
Clinical pathology and treatment of renin-angiotensin system 2. Chronic kidney disease and the renin-angiotensin system.

Repeated renal biopsy in diabetic nephropathy after pancreas transplantation revealed that thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and mesangial expansion were normalized and nodular lesion disappeared after 10 years, but not after 5 years (1, 2). These findings prompted us to change our thinking that chronic renal failure is not necessarily irreversible, but rather, reversible. The recent clinical trial, Steno 2 (3), in fact showed that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) especially in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy normalizes albuminuria and regresses nephropathy (4). Now, we must pay attention that nephropathy can be recovered mainly by inhibition of RAS (5), returning the classical understanding of “point of no return”.
Performance optimization by interacting netlist transformations andplacement

Performance optimization has become one of the most important problems at all design stages of today's highly integrated circuits. During logic synthesis performance optimization is guided by only rough net delay models. Therefore, net delays cannot be optimized effectively during logic synthesis. As device dimensions are shrinking in deep submicron designs, net delays tend to dominate performance. Consequently, the netlist generated during logic synthesis is suboptimal as only rough approximations for the most dominant part of the path delays are available. In this paper, we present a placement approach that exploits the optimization potential of netlist transformations during placement. As netlist transformations are integrated into the placement process, they can be guided by more accurate net delay models. In contrast to previous approaches that apply netlist transformations during placement, our approach is not restricted to local transformations like buffer insertion and gate resizing, but exploits global dependencies between the signals in a circuit. On the average, the maximum path delay is reduced by 11% compared to the initial performance-driven placement of the original netlist. Furthermore, the experiments show that applying the same netlist transformation procedure before placement yields no improvement as net delays cannot be considered due to missing layout information.
An Exploratory Study of Factors Affecting the Internet Banking Adoption: A Qualitative Study among Postgraduate Students

This paper aims to explore and understand the factors that affect the internet banking adoption among postgraduateâ€™ students in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Approach- Semi-structured interviews with eight informants; four adopters and four non-adopters on postgraduateâ€™ students were conducted to explore this issue. The results revealed that adopters and non-adopters realized that internet banking (IB) has several benefits and conveniences. However, non adopters were concerned about some factors like trust, ease of use, awareness and security. The results also showed that adopters had positive influence on use of online banking and they did not have problems with these factors because they had sufficient knowledge and experience in using online banking. This study has several limitations such as the sample used for the study was from a specific group of respondents in Malaysia (postgraduateâ€™ students at IIUM). The second limitation was that informants were postgraduate â€™students who had limitation on banking transactions. The findings are important to enable bank executives to have a better understanding of clientsâ€™ perception to adopt internet banking. This will help banksâ€™ managers and owners formulate strategies that could significantly affect IBA among their customers.
THE DECONSTRUCTION OF THE SELF: EGO AND "EGOLESSNESS" IN BUDDHIST INSIGHT MEDITATION

One of the casualties of the twentieth century introduction of Eastern contemplative traditions to the West has been the misappropriation of Freudian terminology by scholars and practitioners of these Eastern traditions. Nowhere is this more evident than in the confused use of the concepts "ego" and "egolessness" by psychologists of the meditative experience (Engler, 1986, p. 18). "Ego" has become variously equated with the rational mind, the self-concept, or the experience of individuality and has informally come to represent all that must be let go of in the process of meditation. "Egolessness" has become an acceptable aspiration of those practicing meditation; yet, more often than not, this goal is understood from a Western psychological perspective, rather than with the more subtle, originally intended Eastern meaning. The word used in translation, "egolessness," has brought with it connotations of an upsurge in primary process thinking and id-dominated intrapsychic forces (Meissner, 1984, p. 229) that are often mistakenly embraced by Western practitioners eager to jettison their egos. As a result, concepts that include the Buddhist "anatman" (no-self) doctrine and the psychodynamic "ego" are often understood only superficially, hampering dialogue and understanding between the two traditions.
Craniofacial abnormalities result from knock down of nonsyndromic clefting gene, crispld2, in zebrafish

Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP), a common birth defect, affects 4,000 newborns in the US each year. Previously, we described an association between CRISPLD2 and NSCLP and showed Crispld2 expression in the murine palate. These results suggested that a perturbation in CRISPLD2 activity affects craniofacial development. Here, we describe crispld2 expression and the phenotypic consequence of its loss of function in zebrafish. crispld2 was expressed at all stages of zebrafish morphogenesis examined and localized to the rostral end by 1‐day postfertilization. Morpholino knockdown of crispld2 resulted in significant jaw and palatal abnormalities in a dose‐dependent manner. Loss of crispld2 caused aberrant patterning of neural crest cells (NCC) suggesting that crispld2 is necessary for normal NCC formation. Altogether, we show that crispld2 plays a significant role in the development of the zebrafish craniofacies and alteration of normal protein levels disturbs palate and jaw formation. These data provide support for a role of CRISPLD2 in NSCLP. genesis 50:871–881, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interesting image. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with involvement of the inferior mesenteric vein diagnosed by Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT.

It has been reported that benign and malignant thrombi may be distinguishable by its F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on PET, the malignant thrombus having a higher uptake as compared with the benign. Tumor thrombus may involve the portal vein and inferior vena cava in patients with abdominal or pelvic malignancy. We present a case of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with hepatic and regional lymph node metastases and with an uptake pattern along the inferior mesenteric vein on Ga-68 DOTA-TATE PET/CT similar to those reported for a malignant tumor thrombus diagnosed with F-18 FDG PET/CT.
Changes in apparent diffusion coefficients of metabolites in rat brain after middle cerebral artery occlusion measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Diffusion‐weighted proton MR spectroscopy and imaging have been applied to a rat brain model of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion between 1 and 4 hr post occlusion. Similar apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) of most metabolites were observed within each hemisphere. In the ischemic ipsilateral hemisphere, the ADCs were (0.083–0.116) · 10–3 mm2/sec for lactate (Lac), alanine (Ala), γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA), N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA), glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), total creatine (tCr), choline‐containing compounds (Cho), and myo‐inositol (Ins), in the contralateral hemisphere (0.138–0.158) · 10–3 mm2/sec for NAA, Glu, tCr, Cho, and Ins. Higher ADCs was determined for taurine (Tau) in the ipsilateral (0.144 · 10–3 mm2/sec) and contralateral (0.198 · 10–3 mm2/sec) hemisphere. In the ischemic hemisphere, a relative ADC decrease to 65–75% was observed for NAA, Glu, tCr, Cho, Ins and Tau, which was similar to the decrease of the water ADC (to 67%). The results suggest a common cause of the observed ADC changes and provide a broader experimental basis to evaluate theories of water and metabolite diffusion. Magn Reson Med 45:383–389, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human cortical processing of auditory events over time

An essential feature of the human brain is the ability to extract information from temporally distributed events in the auditory environment. We addressed this temporal encoding ability by modelling how stimulus rate is represented in the auditory cortex. We propose that a cortical representation of stimulus rate can be achieved through the oscillatory properties of nerve cells. Using non-invasive brain measures, we tested the prediction of the model that multiple rebound responses (RRs) occur after the ending of stimulation. MEG recordings revealed successive RRs which originated in the same areas as the N1s elicited by the auditory stimuli at latencies predicted by the model. Our modelling and experimental results therefore provide evidence that the temporal structure of the auditory environment is decomposed in human auditory cortex by cells performing bandpass filtering on periodic input.
Population‐based study for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in young women in Japan: A multicenter study by the Japanese human papillomavirus disease education research survey group (J‐HERS)

A multi‐center study was conducted to examine 6,628 eligible Japanese women aged from 16 to 50 years for uterine cervical abnormality and HPV infection with a liquid based‐cytology test and a novel HPV test using the PCR‐SSOP‐Luminex® method identifying 31 HPV genotypes. In 3,047 normal subjects, the overall prevalence across all HPV types was 25%, while that of the common 13 high‐risk (Common‐13HR) types (HPV‐16, 18. 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68) was 17%, and that of the definite high‐risk (Definite‐HR) types (HPV‐16, 18. 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58) was 12%. For Definite‐HR, HPV‐52, 16, and 58 were the most common, HPV‐31 was relatively common, and HPV‐18 was less common, while HPV‐33, 35, and 45 were rare. Seven Definite‐HR excluding HPV‐45 and seven Possible‐HR (HPV‐39, 51, 56, 66, 68, 70, and 82) HPV types were identified as a single type infection in patients with high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse. The Common‐13HR types were detected in 89% of subjects with HSIL, whereas either Definite‐HR or Possible‐HR types were detected in 95% of HSIL. These 1420 HPV types appear to be involved with HSIL or worse in Japan. The prevalences of multiple‐type HPV infections were identified in roughly half of HPV‐positive subjects, and decreased significantly with age in normal population and abnormal cytology groups, although the prevalences of single‐type infections increased with age in the latter group. Most HPV infections are cleared for some years, while a certain HR‐HPV type persists to induce HSIL. J. Med. Virol. 88:324–335, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Short Communication Attitude of Infertile Women to Child Adoption in Nigeria

Infertility has serious consequences especially in Africa where a high premium is place on child bearing. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered on 396 consenting women seeking infertility treatment at the gynaecological clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan in an attempt to assess the attitude of infertile women in Nigeria to child adoption and its acceptability as a management option for infertility. Most (64%) believed its culturally unacceptable and only 17% will try it as an option. Sustained advocacy, community mobilization and enactment of supportive laws were some of the suggestions made by respondents to improve its uptake. Keywords; Infertility, Adoption, Assisted Conception Nig. J. Physiol. Sci . 25(2010) 47 – 49