Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suicidal ideation and attempts: a longitudinal investigation of children of depressed and well mothers.

OBJECTIVE This study uses a prospective longitudinal design to examine suicidality (ideation, plans, attempts, and completions) in children and adolescents, to compare suicidality in the offspring of depressed and well mothers, and to identify correlates and predictors of suicidality. METHOD Two children (n = 192) from each of the families in an ongoing longitudinal study of the offspring of mothers with major depressive disorder (n = 42), with bipolar disorder (n = 26), or without past or current psychiatric diagnosis (n = 30) were studied. Assessment of suicidality, based on diagnostic interviews, was made when the younger of the sibling pairs were approximately 6, 9, and 14 years of age and older siblings were approximately 6, 9, 13, and 18 years of age. RESULTS Children of depressed mothers were more likely to report suicidal thoughts or behaviors than were children of well mothers (particularly the older sibling cohort). Developmental trajectories of suicidality differed for offspring of mothers with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Links were found between lifetime reports of suicidality and the adolescent's mood problems (e.g., hypomanic behavior), coping strategies, and parental rejection. Also, child's and mother's suicidality were related. CONCLUSIONS These findings have implications for planning interventions targeted at preventing suicide in youth.
Receptor Specificities of Human Respiroviruses

ABSTRACT Through their hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein, parainfluenza viruses bind to sialic acid-containing glycoconjugates to initiate infection. Although the virus-receptor interaction is a key factor of infection, the exact nature of the receptors that human parainfluenza viruses recognize has not been determined. We evaluated the abilities of human parainfluenza virus types 1 (hPIV-1) and 3 (hPIV-3) to bind to different types of gangliosides. Both hPIV-1 and hPIV-3 preferentially bound to neolacto-series gangliosides containing a terminal N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) linked toN-acetyllactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) by the α2-3 linkage (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc). Unlike hPIV-1, hPIV-3 bound to gangliosides with a terminal NeuAc linked to Galβ1-4GlcNAc through an α2-6 linkage (NeuAcα2-6Galβ1-4GlcNAc) or to gangliosides with a different sialic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc), linked to Galβ1-4GlcNAc (NeuGcα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc). These results indicate that the molecular species of glycoconjugate that hPIV-1 recognizes are more limited than those recognized by hPIV-3. Further analysis using purified gangliosides revealed that the oligosaccharide core structure is also an important element for binding. Gangliosides that contain branchedN-acetyllactosaminoglycans in their core structure showed higher avidity than those without them. Agglutination of human, cow, and guinea pig erythrocytes but not equine erythrocytes by hPIV-1 and hPIV-3 correlated well with the presence or the absence of sialic acid-linked branched N-acetyllactosaminoglycans on the cell surface. Finally, NeuAcα2-3I, which bound to both viruses, inhibited virus infection of Lewis lung carcinoma-monkey kidney cells in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that hPIV-1 and hPIV-3 preferentially recognize oligosaccharides containing branchedN-acetyllactosaminoglycans with terminal NeuAcα2-3Gal as receptors and that hPIV-3 also recognizes NeuAcα2-6Gal- or NeuGcα2-3Gal-containing receptors. These findings provide important information that can be used to develop inhibitors that prevent human parainfluenza virus infection.
The Effects of Different Abdominal Pressures on Pulmonary Function Test Results in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

This study aimed to examine the effects of differing intra-abdominal pressures on pulmonary function test results in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Forty-five patients were operated on under 3 different intra-abdominal pressures: group A (8 mm Hg), group B (12 mm Hg), and group C (15 mm Hg). On the first day before and after the operation, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC rate, peak expiratory flow speed (PEF), and maximal middle expiration speed (FEF25-75) values were measured using Vmax 229 spirometry. No significant differences were observed among the 3 groups regarding preoperative and postoperative FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, and FEF25-75 values (P=0.96, P=0.73, P=0.48, P=0.34, and P=0.33, respectively). When the groups' preoperative and postoperative values were compared, FVC, FEV1, and PEF values significantly decreased in each group. The FEF25-75 values statistically significantly decreased in groups B and C when compared with their preoperative values; however, the decrease in group A was not significant. In conclusion, different intra-abdominal pressures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy had similar effects on pulmonary function test results. However, lower intra-abdominal pressures were associated with slightly more negative effects on FEF25-75 values.
Exploring Value Concept Through the IGLC Community: Nineteen Years of Experience

The concept of value has been widely cited within Lean Construction (LC), and important discussions have been taking place during the conferences of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC). This paper aims at exploring the concept through the nineteen years of proceedings of the IGLC community (1993 to 2011). In order to select the sample, the concept of value is firstly identified from titles, abstracts and key words of all papers presented in previous conferences. Then, information is summarised to mainly underline value conceptualisation from different authors and contribution to the LC experience. A review of the published work leads to conclude that (1) this concept has been broadly influenced by the production view of construction (value generation view from the TFV model of Koskela, 2000); (2) value is still regarded as an ambiguous concept because different interpretations contribute to its understanding, and more subjective aspects are deemed as an important part of this concept; (3) most efforts have been mainly endeavoured to deliver value at project level, where waste reduction and planning & control of construction site activities have been key activities linked to value; and (4) numerous efforts have been mainly endeavoured to fulfil particular customer’s requirements.
Bridging the gap? The role of transition advisers in the move from compulsory education

The quality and impartiality of careers advice has been in question for as long as it has been provided, with numerous studies (see Morris, 2004 for a summary of NfER research in this area) pointing to the efficacy of impartial guidance, but also pointing to gaps in provision for particular groups. It is possible to distinguish three areas of educational policy - although this is not exhaustive - which have had a clear effect on young people's experience of advice and guidance over recent years. The first area is in provision of careers advice itself. The second area is the 14-19 learning environment. Linked to this shift in the 14-19 environment is the third area, the impact of market-driven reforms starting with the Education Reform Act in 1988.
A surface-based technique for warping three-dimensional images of the brain

The authors have devised, implemented, and tested a fast, spatially accurate technique for calculating the high-dimensional deformation field relating the brain anatomies of an arbitrary pair of subjects. The resulting three-dimensional (3-D) deformation map can be used to quantify anatomic differences between subjects or within the same subject over time and to transfer functional information between subjects or integrate that information on a single anatomic template. The new procedure is based on developmental processes responsible for variations in normal human anatomy and is applicable to 3-D brain images in general, regardless of modality. Hybrid surface models known as Chen surfaces (based on superquadrics and spherical harmonics) are used to efficiently initialize 3-D active surfaces, and these then extract from both scans the developmentally fundamental surfaces of the ventricles and cortex. The construction of extremely complex surface deformation maps on the internal cortex is made easier by building a generic surface structure to model it. Connected systems of parametric meshes model several deep sulci whose trajectories represent critical functional boundaries. These sulci are sufficiently extended inside the brain to reflect subtle and distributed variations in neuroanatomy between subjects. The algorithm then calculates the high-dimensional volumetric warp (typically with 3842x256x3 approximately 0.1 billion degrees of freedom) deforming one 3-D scan into structural correspondence with the other. Integral distortion functions are used to extend the deformation field required to elastically transform nested surfaces to their counterparts in the target scan. The algorithm's accuracy is tested, by warping 3-D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumes from normal subjects and Alzheimer's patients, and by warping full-color 1024(3 ) digital cryosection volumes of the human head onto MRI volumes. Applications are discussed, including the transfer of multisubject 3-D functional, vascular, and histologic maps onto a single anatomic template; the mapping of 3-D brain atlases onto the scans of new subjects; and the rapid detection, quantification, and mapping of local shape changes in 3-D medical images in disease and during normal or abnormal growth and development.
Impact of monoamine-related gene polymorphisms on hippocampal volume in treatment-resistant depression

Objective In major depressive disorder (MDD), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in monoaminergic genes may impact disease susceptibility, treatment response, and brain volume. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of such polymorphisms on hippocampal volume in patients with treatment-resistant MDD and healthy controls. Candidate gene risk alleles were hypothesised to be associated with reductions in hippocampal volume. Methods A total of 26 outpatients with treatment-resistant MDD and 27 matched healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging and genotyping for six SNPs in monoaminergic genes [serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), norepinephrine transporter (SLC6A2), serotonin 1A and 2A receptors (HTR1A and HTR2A), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)]. Hippocampal volume was estimated using an automated segmentation algorithm (FreeSurfer). Results Hippocampal volume did not differ between patients and controls. Within the entire study sample irrespective of diagnosis, C allele-carriers for both the NET−182 T/C [rs2242446] and 5-HT1A−1019C/G [rs6295] polymorphisms had smaller hippocampal volumes relative to other genotypes. For the 5-HTTLPR (rs25531) polymorphism, there was a significant diagnosis by genotype interaction effect on hippocampal volume. Among patients only, homozygosity for the 5-HTTLPR short (S) allele was associated with smaller hippocampal volume. There was no association between the 5-HT2A, COMT, and BDNF SNPs and hippocampal volume. Conclusion The results indicate that the volume of the hippocampus may be influenced by serotonin- and norepinephrine-related gene polymorphisms. The NET and 5-HT1A polymorphisms appear to have similar effects on hippocampal volume in patients and controls while the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism differentially affects hippocampal volume in the presence of depression.
Improvement of nutritional, sanitary and organoleptic qualities of liquid zoom-koom and instant flour zoom-koom using Lactobacillus fermentum starter culture

Traditional fermented beverages occupy an important place in the diet of populations in Burkina Faso. Zoom-koom in particular remains one of the most consumed cereal-based drinks in cities like Ouagadougou. The drink zoom-koom is consumed primarily in the liquid form and to short scale in the reconstituted form called instant flour zoom-koom. Being able to diversify zoom-koom taste and aroma and to improve the nutritional and hygienic quality would definitely add value to this product. For sensorial analysis, 04 formulations of liquid zoom-koom and instant flour zoom-koom were realized and evalued by a panel of tasters. The best formulation of each type of zoom-koom was produced using Lactobacillus fermentum strains SF9.5 and SF6.2 as starter culture. Then, the microbiological (aerobic mesophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, coliforms, yeasts and molds), physico-chemical (pH, acidity, proteins, sugar, lipids, iron, magnesium, calcium) and sensory parameters of each product were determined. The results showed a marked improvement in protein content (25.83-28.41%) for instant flour zoom-koom, in reducing sugars for liquid zoom-koom (32.1-36.9%) and for instant flour zoom-koom (29.88-47.43%), in calcium (39-43 mg for liquid zoom-koom), in magnesium (59-65 mg for liquid zoom-koom), in iron (2.37-2.50 mg and 3.0-3.08 mg respectively for liquid zoom-koom and instant flour zoom-koom). A reduction in total coliforms from 1.3×104 to 4.0×101 cfu/ml for the liquid zoom-koom and from 4.3×104 to 6.8×103 cfu/ml for the instant flour zoom-koom was observed. In addition, a reduction in mold growth ranging from 1.3×104 to 4.0×101 cfu/ml for the liquid zoom-koom and from 1.3×104 to 7.0×103 cfu/ml for instant flour zoom-koom was observed. The zoom-koom samples using L. fermentum starter cultures were well appreciated by at least 80% of the tasters. Key words: Beverage, zoom-koom, Lactobacillus fermentum, starter cultures, quality.
Effects of external acidosis on HERG current expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

We investigated effects of external acidosis on HERG current expressed in Xenopus oocytes. HERG current was rapidly and reversibly suppressed by external acidosis in a voltage-independent manner. The slope conductance was decreased from 143 +/- 11 to 93.4 +/- 6.8 microS by changing external pH (pH(o)) from 7.6 to 6.0 (P<0.05). Steady-state activation was shifted by about 20 mV in a depolarized direction with a change from pH(o) 7.6 to 6.0, while steady-state inactivation was not significantly changed. Activation time constants were increased, deactivation and recovery time constants were decreased, while those of inactivation showed no significant change. When external K(+) concentration ([K(+)](o)) was increased from 2 mM to 10 mM, a ratio of slope conductance at pH(o) 6.0 to pH(o) 7.6 was significantly smaller in 2 mM (pH(o) 6.0/pH(o) 7.6 = 0.65 +/- 0.04) than in 10 mM[K(+)](o) (0.83 +/- 0.06, P<0.05). The changes in activation, deactivation and recovery from inactivation were not affected by change in [K(+)](o). The results indicated that external acidosis suppressed HERG current mainly by shifting the voltage-dependence of the activation and deactivation kinetics, and partly by decreasing slope conductance. Moreover, the reduction of HERG current could be partly antagonized with increasing [K(+)](o).
Insulin resistance--mechanisms, syndromes, and implications.

The past 20 years have witnessed a remarkable increase in our knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the diverse actions of insulin, the central hormone of metabolic regulation. Interest in the molecular details of insulin action has been heightened by the prevalence of insulin resistance and by the fact that insulin resistance has a key role in the pathogenesis of many disorders, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, ovarian hyperan-drogenism, and possibly hypertension. In this review, we discuss current concepts of the mechanisms of insulin action and insulin resistance and the implications of insulin resistance for a variety of .
Virulence and Biotype Analyses of Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Populations From Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma

ABSTRACT Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say, 1817), is a major pest of wheat, and is controlled mainly through deploying fly-resistant wheat cultivars. The challenge for the plant resistance approach is that virulence of Hessian fly populations in the field is dynamic, and wheat cultivars may lose resistance within 6 - 8 yr. To ensure continuous success of host plant resistance, Hessian fly populations in the field need to be constantly monitored to determine which resistance genes remain effective in different geographic regions. This study investigated five Hessian fly populations collected from Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma, where infestation by Hessian fly has been high in recent years. Eight resistance genes, H12, H13, H17, H18, H22, H25, H26, and Hdic, were found to be highly effective against all tested Hessian fly populations in this region, conferring resistance to ≥80% of plants containing one of these resistance genes. The frequencies of biotypes virulent to resistance genes H13 (biotype vH13), H18 (vH18), H21 (vH21), H25 (vH25), H26 (vH26), and Hdic (vHdic) were determined, and were found to vary from population to population, ranging from 0 to 45%. A logistic regression model was established to predict biotype frequencies based on the correlation between the percentages of susceptible plants obtained in a virulence test and the log-odds of virulent biotype frequencies determined by a traditional approach.
Excellent uniformity and reproducible resistance switching characteristics of doped binary metal oxides for non-volatile resistance memory applications

We have investigated various doped metal oxides such as copper doped molybdenum oxide, copper doped Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, copper doped ZrO<sub>2</sub>, aluminium doped ZnO, and Cu<sub>x</sub>O for novel resistance memory applications. Compared with non-stoichiometric oxides (Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5-x</sub>, ZrO<sub>x</sub>, SrTiO<sub>x</sub>), doped metal oxides show higher device yield. Moreover, Cu:MoO<sub>x</sub> have demonstrated excellent memory characteristics such as reliability under programming cycles, potential multi-bit operation, good data retention, highly scalable property, and fast switching speed. The switching mechanism of the copper doped molybdenum oxide can be explained by the generation and rupture of multi-filaments under the electrical stress
Factors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed from 24-hour Urinary Excretion and the Potential Effect of Energy Intake

Dietary consumption and other environmental factors are known factors associated with sodium intake. However, little is known about the influence of energy intake on this relationship. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with high sodium intake assessed from urine sodium excretion and the influence of energy intake. A nationwide, cross-sectional study was conducted from 2015 to 2016 among Malaysian health staff (MySalt 2015). A total of 1027 participants from 1568 targeted participants aged 18 years and older that were randomly selected were included in this study. Sodium intake was determined by measuring sodium excretion in the 24 hr urine test. Dietary, sociodemography, and anthropometry variables as associated risk factors were assessed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the association between high sodium intake (≥2000 mg/day urinary sodium) and potential risk factors. The prevalence of high sodium intake in this study was 70.1% (n=733). High sodium intake was associated with male (OR 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 2.64), Bumiputera Sarawak ethnicity (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09, 0.62), and energy-adjusted sodium intake (mg/d) (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.39). Our results suggested that sex, ethnicity, and energy-adjusted sodium consumption were strong risk factors associated with high sodium intake independent from energy and other potential confounding factors.
Concepts of alcoholism among whites, blacks and Hispanics in the United States.

This article describes agreement with tenets associated with the disease concept of alcoholism among whites, blacks and Hispanics in the U.S. population. Data were obtained from a multistage probability sample of the household population of white, black and Hispanic adults aged 18 years and over residing in the 48 contiguous states. The response rate was 73% for whites, 76% for blacks and 72% for Hispanics. Results show a widespread support for the notion that alcoholism is a disease, independent of ethnicity. However, 40% of the whites, 62% of the blacks and 60% of the Hispanics who agree that alcoholism is an illness also agree that the alcoholic is a morally weak individual.
Vitamin E and C supplementation and risk of cancer in men: posttrial follow-up in the Physicians' Health Study II randomized trial.

BACKGROUND Recent posttrial analysis of a completed randomized trial found an increased risk of prostate cancer among healthy men taking high-dose vitamin E supplements. Trials that examined the effect of vitamin C supplements on cancer risk are few. OBJECTIVE We examined whether vitamin E or vitamin C supplementation affects the risk of cancer events during posttrial follow-up of the Physicians' Health Study II. DESIGN Beginning in 1997, a total of 14,641 US male physicians aged ≥50 y were randomly assigned to receive 400 IU of vitamin E every other day, 500 mg of vitamin C daily, or their respective placebos. The vitamin E and vitamin C treatment ended in 2007, and observational follow-up continued through June 2011. RESULTS This study included an additional 356 cases of incident prostate cancer and 771 total cancers that developed during a mean (maximum) of 2.8 (3.8) y of posttrial observation. During an overall mean of 10.3 (13.8) y, there were a total of 1373 incident prostate cancers and 2669 total cancers documented. In comparison with placebo, vitamin E supplementation had no effect on the incidence of prostate cancer (HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.10) or total cancers (HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.10). There was also no effect of vitamin C supplementation on total cancers (HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.10) or incident prostate cancer (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.15). Neither vitamin E nor vitamin C supplementation had effects on other site-specific cancers overall. Stratification by known cancer risk factors, history of cancer, other randomized treatment, and follow-up time showed no significant interactions. CONCLUSION In this large-scale randomized trial in men, vitamin E and C supplementation had no immediate or long-term effects on the risk of total cancers, prostate cancer, or other site-specific cancers.
Clinical and Pathophysiological Considerations of Gait Limitations and High Prevalence of Falls, in Elderly with Most Common, Disabling Neurological Diseases

Copyright: © 2017 Anghelescu A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Clinical and Pathophysiological Considerations of Gait Limitations and High Prevalence of Falls, in Elderly with Most Common, Disabling Neurological Diseases Aurelian Anghelescu1,2* 1Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Clinic, Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni”, Bucharest, Romania 2University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, Romania