Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients in Two Tertiary Health Institutions in Niger Delta Region, Nigeria

Background : With the ever increasing prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Nigeria, a major issue in their care is the improvement of patients' HRQoL. Objectives : To assess the HRQoL of hypertensive and diabetic patients attending cardiology and endocrinology clinics of two tertiary health institutions in Bayelsa State, Niger Delta region, Nigeria. Methods : Short form-12v2® Health Survey questionnaire was administered to randomly selected 600 hypertensive and/or diabetic patients attending the cardiology and/or endocrinology clinics of the facilities (from May to December, 2013) to evaluate their HRQoL. The instrument assessed majorly the physical and mental component summaries (PCS and MCS) scores relative to the general population norm (50±10). Data generated were appropriately analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics. Results : Patients' response rate was 82.0% with males constituting 57.5% of the respondents. Most (54.9%) of the respondents were hypertensive, while 129(26.2%) were diabetic with 18.9% of the cohort being both hypertensive and diabetic. The average PCS and MCS scores were 45.05±7.46 and 52.25±9.12 respectively. Physical Functioning (PF, 46.05±9.49), Role-Physical (RP, 44.31±7.99), Bodily Pain (BP, 47.37±9.32), and General Health (GH, 45.72±10.26) that constitute the PCS were all below the general population norm (50±10). However, Vitality (VT, 57.10±9.56) and Mental Health (MH, 53.83±9.04) scales in the MCS were both above the general population norm. An appreciable proportion of the subjects (15.0%) were at risk of screening positive for depression. Overall HRQoL (48.31±10.33) was below the expected norm. Conclusion : The HRQoL of patients studied is relatively poor and a reasonable proportion may be at risk of developing depression. This suggested suboptimal outcome of therapy and the need for improved adherence to therapy and overall patient management. Keywords : Bayelsa State; diabetes; hypertension; quality of life; Niger Delta.
Relationships between text length and lexical diversity measures: Can we use short texts of less than 100 tokens?

Lexical diversity (LD) measures have been known to be sensitive to the length of the text, and numerous revised LD measures have been proposed. This study aims to identify LD measures that are least affected by text length and can be used for the analysis of short L2 texts (50 200 tokens). This study compares the type-token ratio, Guiraud index, D, and measure of textual lexical diversity (MTLD) to assess their degree of susceptibility to text length. Spoken texts of 200 tokens from 20 L2 English learners at the lower-intermediate-level were divided into segments of 50 to 200 tokens and the text length impact was examined. It was found that MTLD was least affected by text length, and that it should be used with texts of at least 100 tokens.
Difficulties in End-of-Life Care and Educational Needs of Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Mixed Methods Study

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the difficulties with end-of-life care (EOLC) experienced by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses and to investigate their educational needs for EOLC. Methods: Mixed methods were used to survey ICU nurses at a university hospital. Quantitative data (N=106) were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using an independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test and Scheffé test. Qualitative data (N=19) were collected through focus group interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Results: The mean score on the difficulty of EOLC was 3.41 out of 5. The education needs derived from the qualitative analysis was categorized into four themes: 1) guidelines on professional EOLC, 2) spiritual care, 3) a program to take care of feelings of patients, families and nurses, and 4) activities to think about death. Conclusion: This study confirmed that ICU nurses were experiencing an extreme difficulty in providing EOLC. In addition, a qualitative analysis confirmed that they needed an EOL nursing program. To mitigate the difficulties experienced by nurses involved in EOLC, there is an urgent need to develop an education program for EOLC tailored to nurses’ needs.
Scrub Nurse's Performance Concerning Surgical Aseptic Techniques at the Operating Room of Slemani Teaching Hospitals

Background and aim: the study aims is to assess the level of performance among the scrub nurses concerning the surgical aseptic techniques at the operating room, describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the study sample, and to find out the relationship between the scrub performance and variables of some demographic characteristics such as (age, gender, level of education, marital status, and years of experience in operating room). Materials and method: quantitative design, non probability (purposive) sample of (70) male and female scrub nurses who worked at three teaching hospitals, which represent vital agencies in Slemani city (Iraqi Kurdistan rejoin), during the period of December 2009 up to the end of September 2010. Data were collected through two types of instruments (questionnaire and observational checklist); the researcher modified the study instrument to investigate the scrub nurses practices in the three teaching hospitals: It was based on extensive review of related literature and studies. The study instruments compressed of seven dimensions which include total of (91) items, the content validity of the instrument was established through penal of (20) experts. Reliability of the instrument was determined through the use of equivalence reliability, Interrater (Inter observer) approach, (r=0.91). Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: the result of the study revealed that the most of the nurses are middle – aged, married female, with a low level of monthly income. The majority of the study sample is institute graduates and they have no long employment in operating room. Most of the study sample has poor skills in scrubbing practices. Furthermore, the study confirms that there is a significant relationship between the economic status and their practices. Recommendations: based on the results of the study, the study recommended that job description have to be legislated to all nursing categories as one of job for better achievement and a periodic in service, educational program for operating room nurses and certified to identify the qualified ones. Further study should be carried out to be recommended to develop operating room work achievements.
Isolated Extrahepatic Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct: A Rare Type of Bile Duct Tumour

Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Global Journal of Medical Research: F Diseases Volume 18 Issue 5 Version 1.0 Year 2018 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-4618 & Print ISSN: 0975-5888
An Educational Intervention to Prevent Fractures in Older Women

Americans experience an estimated 2 million fragility fractures annually. Women over age 50 bear the higher burden of this condition and have a 1-in-2 lifetime risk of suffering a fracture. About half of people who experience a hip fracture never regain their previous level of function. Seven and a half percent of those who suffer a fragility fracture die within 90 days of the event. The total cost for all fractures in the year 2025 is predicted to be $18 billion for American women. The purpose of this project was to provide older women with knowledge and tools to enable changes in health behaviors and reduce their risk of suffering a fracture. To meet that goal, participants were provided with educational material about changes they can make to improve their bone health. Literature reviews found that education on diet, exercise, and smoking cessation were the most common non-pharmaceutical methods of preventing fractures. Information about the project, the pre-survey, and screening questions were mailed to 1805 women between the ages of 65 and 75 from a convenience sample of members who belong to an integrated health plan. Women with a diagnosis of a cognitive disorder or dementia; a diagnosis of osteoporosis or who take medicines for osteoporosis; who reside in a custodial care setting; or who are under the care of hospice or the palliative care team were excluded. Women who met the criteria and agreed to participate were mailed educational materials on osteoporosis, screening, bone healthy diets, and fall prevention once a week over four weeks. Participants indicated little increased knowledge after the intervention. Participants indicated that they adhered to healthy, active lifestyles before the outreach and so few lifestyle changes were reported. There was a significant difference in the scores for the pre-test (M=63.79, SD=19.95) and the post-test (M=52.87, SD=21.39); t (28) =2.932, p = 0.007. These results indicate that education via this method did not increase participants’ knowledge.
Isolation and identification of fungus associated with skin and nail scalps of patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Background and Objectives: Ringworm of the scalp is starting at now a disease of overall criticalness and a general prosperity teaching care hospitals. It is otherwise known as dermatophytes, which attack and create on dead animal keratin. This assessment was intended to recognize the regular dermatophyte causing parasitic infection with both minute just as social strategies. Materials and Methods: This is a Prospective study which was carried out for the period 1 year and included the patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis, tinea unguium, tinea pedis, and tinea barbae which are seen in the patients between 6 to 70 years of age. Dermatophytes were confirmed with microscopic examination of skin and nail tests taken from the influenced lesion of the body. Both cotton blue and potassium hydroxide grouping of 10%– 30% were utilized to see under magnifying micrioscope. All information were broken down with SPPS 20 programming. Results: Out of 78 patients, the recurrence of ringworm infection among those patients attending in the department of Skin and VD, IMS and SUM Hospital was Trichophyton rubrum (73%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (53%), Epidermophyton floccosum (26.82%), and Trichophyton verrucosum (7.31%). T. rubrum was the most widely recognized etiological fungus in tinea corporis, and this positioned first in the other type of ringworm infection. Recurrence of dermatophytes infection partner with various clinical examples; for example, nail pieces and skin swabs from the infected area. Conclusions: The greater part of the tinea corporis patients were infected with T. rubrum then comes the disease of Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton tonsurans, and T. mentagrophytes. The most astounding recurrence of disease was among the patients matured 20– 30 years. It is additionally essentially noticed that this infection takes a somewhat serious turn in patients of cutting edge in older age (60– 80 years).
Lateral Ankle Sprain and Chronic Ankle Instability

A select 10-30% of patients with recurrent lateral ankle sprains develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). Patients with chronic ankle instability describe a history of the ankle “giving way” with or without pathological laxity on examination. Evaluation includes history, identification of predisposing risk factors for recurrent sprains, and the combination of clinical tests (eg, laxity tests) with imaging to establish the diagnosis. There are a variety of nonoperative strategies to address chronic ankle instability, which include rehabilitation and taping or bracing to prevent future sprains. Patients who fail conservative treatment are candidates for surgery. The anatomic approaches (eg, modified Broström) are preferred to nonanatomic procedures since they recreate the ankle’s biomechanics and natural course of the attenuated ligaments. There is a growing interest in minimally invasive procedures via ankle arthroscopy that also address the associated intra-articular disorders. This article provides a review of chronic lateral ankle instability consisting of relevant anatomy, associated disorders, evaluation, treatment methods, and complications. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.
Characterizing and exploiting application behavior under data corruption

Shrinking semiconductor technologies come at the cost of higher susceptibility to hardware faults that render the systems unreliable. Traditionally, reliability solutions are aimed to protect equally and exhaustively all hardware parts of a system. This is in order to maintain the illusion of a correctly operating hardware. Due to the increasing error rates that induce higher reliability costs, this approach can no longer be sustainable. It is a fact that hardware faults can be masked by various levels of fault-masking effects. Therefore, not all hardware faults manifest as the same outcome on an application’s execution. Motivated by this fact, we propose a shift to vulnerabilitydriven unequal protection of a given structure (or same-level structures), where the less-vulnerable parts of a structure are protected less than their more-vulnerable counterparts. For that purpose, in this thesis, we quantitatively investigate how the effect of hardware-induced data corruptions on application behavior varies. We develop a portable software-implemented fault-injection (SWIFI) tool. On top of performing singlebit fault injections to capture their effects on application behavior, our tool is also datalevel aware and tracks the corrupted data to obtain more of their characteristics. This enables to analyze the effects of single-bit data corruptions in relation to the corrupted data characteristics and the executing workload. After a set of extensive fault-injection experiments on programs from the NAS Parallel Benchmarks suite, we obtain detailed insight on how the vulnerability varies; among others, for different application data types and for different bit locations within the data. The results show that we can characterize the vulnerability of data based on their high-level characteristics (e.g. usage type, size, user and memory space location). Moreover, we conclude that application data are vulnerable in parts. All these show that there is potential in exploiting the application behavior under data corruption. The exhaustive equal protection can be avoided by safely shifting to vulnerability-driven unequal protection within given structures. This can reduce the reliability overheads, without a significant impact on the fault coverage. For that purpose, we demonstrate the potential benefits of exploiting the varying vulnerability characteristics of application data in the case of a data cache.
Different ways that preschool teachers taught children to write Chinese characters in Hong Kong classrooms

This study aimed to explore how preschool teachers teach children to write Chinese characters. The method used in this study was inspired by phenomenography. Specifically, the author videotaped and analyzed the ways that three preschool teachers taught their children to write the same set of eleven Chinese characters. The analysis focused on how the teachers enacted the same object of learning (i.e., the writing of the 11 characters) differently in the classrooms. Pre- and post-tests were administered to determine how well the children learned to write the characters after the teaching of their teachers. Seven teaching strategies that the three teachers used to teach their children to write the characters were identified. Interestingly, an inconsistency was found among the three teachers' understandings of the correct ways to write the characters. This study expands the understanding about possible ways for teaching preschool children to write Chinese characters, which are practically useful for the professional development of preschool teachers.
Primary colorectal lymphoma: computed tomography and double-contrast barium enema examination findings with histopathological correlation in 19 patients.

Background Primary colorectal lymphoma (PCL) is a rare disorder, the accurate imaging diagnosis of which remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to characterize the imaging features of PCL by double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) examination and computed tomography (CT) and correlate them with histopathological findings. Methods DCBE (n=6) and CT (n=19) findings for 19 pathologically proven PCLs were evaluated and compared with histopathological findings in this retrospective analysis. Results Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was present in all patients, and the most common histological type was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (63.2%, 12/19). The most common site was the ileocecum (84.2%, 16/19). CT revealed circumferential infiltrative lesions (68.4%, 13/19), polypoid masses (26.3%, 5/19) and ulcerative lesions (5.3%, 1/19). Most (94.7%, 18/19) lesions appeared as moderate enhancements. Fourteen (73.7%, 14/19) patients had serous membrane infiltration presenting as a poorly defined serous membrane and focal opacities in the pericolonic fat. Regional lymph node involvement was observed in twelve (63.2%, 12/19) patients who presented with aggregated nodules or masses. Frequent findings of the DCBE exam included a filling defect and niche with slight mucosal destruction, mild luminal narrowing and preserved peristalsis. The imaging appearance reflected the gross pathological findings well, although the preoperative diagnostic accuracy was low. Conclusions The imaging features of PCL have a relatively characteristic appearance but are still, at times, hardly differentiated from carcinoma. Familiarity with the radiological features of PCL on DCBE and CT can help ensure a correct diagnosis.
Characterization of information and causality measures for the study of neuronal data

We study two methods of data analysis which are common tools for the analysis of neuronal data. In particular, we examine how causal interactions between brain regions can be investigated using time series reflecting the neural activity in these regions. Furthermore, we analyze a method used to study the neural code that evaluates the discrimination of the responses of single neurons elicited by different stimuli. This discrimination analysis is based on the quantification of the similarity of the spike trains with time scale parametric spike train distances. In each case we describe the methods used for the analysis of the neuronal data and we characterize their specificity using simulated or exemplary experimental data. Taking into account our results, we comment the previous studies in which the methods have been applied. In particular, we focus on the interpretation of the statistical measures in terms of underlying neuronal causal connectivity and properties of the neural code, respectively.
Comparison of Psychiatric Comorbidity and Quality of Life (QOL) in Persons with Tuberculosis and People Living with HIV in South-South Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis and HIV are two chronic infective medical diseases commonly associated with psychiatric co-morbidity, which further affect the quality of life of the sufferers. AIM: The study was to determine and compare the relationship between psychiatric co-morbidity and quality of life in persons with tuberculosis and PLWHIV. METHODOLOGY: Two hundred and thirty subjects living with HIV and 140 subjects with tuberculosis were recruited. Those with clinically chronic conditions, or comorbid medical condition and treatment Resistant tuberculosis were excluded. Subjects were further administered with the study’s instruments including the socio-demographic questionnaire, GHQ-12, the brief version of the WHO Quality of Life instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) and WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO CIDI). Results were presented via descriptive and analytical methods. RESULTS: The study found a prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity of 19.8% among PLWHIV and 28.4% among subjects with tuberculosis (p = 0.004). For the PLWHIV, domain scores for quality of life were as follows; 60.71±15.57, 62.34±26.32, 61.57±25.04, 55.15±14.00 and 65.81±21.84 while tuberculosis was 50.97±13.87, 57.22±46.36, 54.51±45.04, 50.01±15.10 and 49.34±21.84 (p = 0.001) for physical, psychological, social relationship, environment domains and general health facet respectively. Furthermore, presence of psychiatric comorbidity significantly inversely correlated with quality of life among persons with both medical diseases. CONCLUSION: The study found a statistically significant higher prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity and lower quality of life among the subjects with tuberculosis compared with PLWHIV. Findings suggest strongly that in managing patients with these conditions, attention should be paid to their mental health and subjective quality of life.
A study on fate of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation

TTMF is very common in daily day to day life & highest incidence occur by slap injury (by teacher to student, wife to her husband etc.) & also age group 20-30 years old male, by teachers 5-15 years, by husband 25-35 years females. In these type of injuries mild conductive hearing loss most commonly found, in some cases SNHL also finding- blast injury, sports injury or RTA. The prognosis of tm perforation is excellent either certainty of time with variation of 45-90 days. Keywords- Road traffic accident, Sensory neural hearing loss, Conductive hearing loss, Traumatic tympanic membrane perforation, Tympanic membrane, External auditory canal
The determinants of social commerce system success for SMEs in Thailand

Social commerce is growing as a new critical hub of product sourcing for both businesses and individuals. It has become an important strategy that helps companies, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs), to connect with customers and to gain competitive advantages. Still, there is a scarcity of frameworks for evaluating social commerce system success and identifying what significantly contributes to success. This study aims to investigate the determinants of social commerce system success in the context of Thai SMEs. A questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the proposed model. The empirical results provide support for the relationship among six dimensions of the proposed model. System use and user satisfaction relate significantly to the success of a social commerce system, which is measured in terms of organizational benefits. Three factors associate positively to system use, namely system quality, service quality, and trust, all of which lead to user satisfaction. Further research can investigate other social factors or empirically test the model at different levels of success.