Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the Kinan Seamount Chain in the Shikoku Basin.

The Kinan Seamount Chain lies close to the extinct spreading center of the Shikoku Basin, one of the largest marginal basins in the western Pacific region. Geochemical and isotopic analyses reveal that basalts from the Kinan Seamount Chain have the following characteristics that differ from the Shikoku Basin tholeiite: 1) more incompatible emelent enriched compositions, 2) lower abundance of the heavy rare earth elements (HREE), and 3) higher 87Sr/86Sr and lower 143Nd/144Nd ratios. These results indicate: 1) a more enriched mantle source for basalts from the Kinan Seamount Chain, 2) existence of clinopyroxene and/or amphibole in their residual mantle, and 3) mixing of magmas from a normal MORB source with the EMI signature and an ocean-island basalt (OIB) source with the EMII signature; and 4) the latter has a more significant contribution to the Kinan Seamount Chain basalts than the Shikoku Basin tholeiite.
Plasma-initiated graft polymerization as an immobilization platform for metal free Russian propolis ethanol extracts designed specifically for biomaterials

Abstract The antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of propolis have been intensively reported. However, the application of this folk remedy as a means to prevent biomedical implant contamination has yet to be completely evaluated. In response to the significant resistant and infectious attributes of biofilms, biomaterials engineered to possess specific chemical and physical properties were immobilized with metal free Russian propolis ethanol extracts (MFRPEE), a known antibacterial agent. The results obtained from this study begin to examine the application of MFRPEE as a novel alternative method for the prevention of medical and biomedical implant infections. When constructed under specific experimental conditions, immobilized biomaterials showed excellent stability when subjected to simulated body fluid and fetal bovine serum. The ability of immobilized biomaterials to specifically target pathogens (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilm forming bacteria), while promoting tissue cell growth, renders these biomaterials as potential candidates for clinical applications.
Global synthesis of superdirective frequency-invariant beam patterns

Frequency-invariant beam patterns are often required by systems using an array of sensors to process broadband signals. If the spatial aperture is shorter than the involved wavelengths, the use of a superdirective beam pattern is essential to attain an efficient system. In this context, robustness to array imperfections is a crucial feature. In the literature, only a few approaches have been proposed to design a robust, superdirective, frequency-invariant beamformer, based on a filter and sum architecture: in all of them, the frequency invariance is achieved imposing an a priori desired beam pattern. However the choice of a suitable desired beam pattern is not trivial and depends on the specific design case: an improper selection of the desired beam pattern can produce unsatisfactory performances. We propose a new method of global synthesis, computationally inexpensive, allowing to design a robust broadband beam pattern with an optimal trade-off between the frequency invariance and the directivity, without the need of imposing a priori a desired beam pattern. The results show that the synthesized beam patterns have a directivity, a frequency-invariance, and a robustness that are very similar to or better than those of the beam patterns obtained by the literature methods.
CNN+CNN: Convolutional Decoders for Image Captioning

Image captioning is a challenging task that combines the field of computer vision and natural language processing. A variety of approaches have been proposed to achieve the goal of automatically describing an image, and recurrent neural network (RNN) or long-short term memory (LSTM) based models dominate this field. However, RNNs or LSTMs cannot be calculated in parallel and ignore the underlying hierarchical structure of a sentence. In this paper, we propose a framework that only employs convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to generate captions. Owing to parallel computing, our basic model is around 3 times faster than NIC (an LSTM-based model) during training time, while also providing better results. We conduct extensive experiments on MSCOCO and investigate the influence of the model width and depth. Compared with LSTM-based models that apply similar attention mechanisms, our proposed models achieves comparable scores of BLEU-1,2,3,4 and METEOR, and higher scores of CIDEr. We also test our model on the paragraph annotation dataset, and get higher CIDEr score compared with hierarchical LSTMs
Dynamic behaviour of the B 12 riboswitch

Riboswitches are RNA segments that serve as ligand-responsive genetic control elements. They modulate the expression of certain genes in response to changing concentrations of metabolites. In this paper, we study the dynamic behaviour of the B12 riboswitch in E. coli—perhaps the most widely studied and best known of all riboswitches—through a mathematical model of its regulatory pathway. To carry this out, we simulate dynamic experiments in which the bacterial B12 uptake capacity is measured after being depleted of this vitamin for a long time. The results of these simulations compare favourably with reported experimental data. The model also predicts that an overshoot of intracellular B12 should be observed if the replenishment experiments were to be carried out for longer times. This behaviour is discussed in terms of a possible evolutionary advantage for E. coli, together with the fact that regulation at the transcriptional and translational levels is almost equivalent dynamically.
Joint Optimal Design for Outage Minimization in DF Relay-Assisted Underwater Acoustic Networks

This letter minimizes outage probability in a single decode-and-forward relay-assisted underwater acoustic network without direct source-to-destination link availability. Specifically, a joint global-optimal design for relay positioning and allocating power to source and relay is proposed. For analytical insights, a novel low-complexity tight approximation method is also presented. Selected numerical results validate the analysis and quantify the comparative gains achieved using optimal power allocation and relay placement strategies.
Evaluation of a Quality-of-Life Tool for Cats with Diabetes

Background: Success in management of diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined as improvement of blood glucose concentrations and clinical signs. However, the psychological and social impact of DM and its daily treatment regimen on quality of life (QoL) of both animal and owner is uncertain. Hypothesis/Objectives: To design, validate, and apply a diabetic pet and owner-centered, individualized measure of impact of DM (DIAQoL-pet). Animals/Subjects: Two hundred and twenty-one owners of insulin-treated diabetic cats were recruited to complete the DIAQoL-pet. Methods: Discussions and pilot surveys with clinicians and owners of diabetic cats led to the design of 29 specific DMassociated QoL questions. Owners of diabetic cats completed the finalized survey. Each item was scored according to impact frequency and perceived importance. An item-weighted impact score (IWIS) for each item was calculated, as was an averageweighted impact score (AWIS) by averaging all IWISs. Principal component analysis and Cronbach’s a calculation assessed the measure’s reliability. Two overview questions measured overall QoL and diabetes-dependent QoL. Results: The DIAQoL-pet showed high reliability (Cronbach a 0.83). The AWIS was 1.76 2.4 (mean SD). Areas reported as most negatively impacting QoL included: ‘‘boarding difficulties’’ (IWIS SD: 4.67 5.3), ‘‘owner wanting more control’’ ( 4.34 4.7), ‘‘difficulties leaving cat with friends or family’’ ( 4.21 4.7), ‘‘worry’’ ( 4.10 3.9), ‘‘worry hypo’’ ( 3.67 3.5), ‘‘social life’’ ( 3.48 3.9), ‘‘costs’’ ( 3.04 3.8), and ‘‘work life’’ ( 3.03 3.7). Forty-one percent of owners believed their cat’s life would be ‘‘a little better’’ without DM. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The DIAQoL-pet proved robust and identified specific areas most negatively impacting on diabetic cats and their owners’ QoL. This tool warrants further investigation for use in clinical or research settings.
In silico sequence analysis and homology modeling of predicted beta-amylase 7-like protein in Brachypodium distachyon L

Article info: Received: 14 September 2013 Accepted: 29 November 2013 ABSTRACT Beta-amylase (β-amylase, EC 3.2.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyses hydrolysis of glucosidic bonds in polysaccharides. In this study, we analyzed protein sequence of predicted beta-amylase 7-like protein in Brachypodium distachyon. pI (isoelectric point) value was found as 5.23 in acidic character, while the instability index (II) was found as 50.28 with accepted unstable protein. The prediction of subcellular localization was revealed that the protein may reside in chloroplast by using CELLO v.2. 5. The 3D structure of protein was performed using comparative homology modeling with SWISS-MODEL. The accuracy of the predicted 3D structure was checked using Ramachandran plot analysis showed that 95.4% in favored region. The results of our study contribute to understanding of β-amylase protein structure in grass species and will be scientific base for 3D modeling of beta-amylase proteins in further studies.
Get Moving: A Web Site That Increases Physical Activity of Sedentary Employees

Purpose. Develop and test a Web site to encourage physical activity (PA) by sedentary workers. Design. Randomized control design with 30-day follow-up. Setting. Large manufacturing plant. Subjects. Included 221 workers; average body mass index was 29.5. Intervention. Get Moving was a repeat-visit Web site providing information and support to develop a personalized PA plan. Measures. Self-reported: PA, depression, anxiety, stage of change, attitudes, knowledge, self-efficacy, intention, perceived barriers to PA, and motivation. Analysis. Multivariate analysis of covariance and univariate analysis of covariance models were used to compare the two study conditions on posttest outcomes, controlling for baseline levels. Results. Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed significant improvement. The multivariate test was significant (p < .001), with a large effect size (η2 = .42). The treatment group differed significantly from the control participants on 11 outcomes (p < .005), with large effect sizes for PA status, min/d, and knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intention. Medium effect sizes were measured for perceived barriers, depressive symptoms, motivation, and self-efficacy. Multiple visits resulted in significantly improved PA, motivation, self-efficacy, and intention, compared with one-time visits. Conclusions. The Get Moving Web site had positive effects and was well received. Interventions Web site have potential to increase the PA of sedentary individuals in worksites and elsewhere, but more research is needed into mediators of Web-based interventions. (Am J Health Promot 2011;25[3]:199–206.)
Impact of Some Heavy Metals Toxicity on Behaviour, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Adult Rats

| Animal welfare is a matter of societal concern and debate, its improvement should consider those aspects actually affecting animal’s health, through determining their impact on some welfare indicators, so, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of heavy metals toxicity on behavioural, biochemical and histopathological changes in adult rats. Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley adult rats were allotted into five groups, each of 5, two groups (GA & GB) treated with lead acetate (low 1g/l & high 2g/l) and another two (GC & GD) treated with anhydrous aluminium chloride (low 2 g/l & high 3.5 g/l) in drinking water daily for 5 weeks, while, GE (control) received drinking water without any treatment. The findings obtained indicated that feeding time, drinking, cage and total exploration frequencies increased in GB than other groups, although, lying time decreased. However, the movement activities increased in GA than others. On the other hand, glucose level decreased significantly in GB than GD and control. Furthermore, triglycerides and total lipid levels were significantly decreased in all treated groups than control. It was also revealed that the serum ALT increased significantly in GB than other groups while creatinine decreased significantly in both groups (GA & GB) treated with lead acetate than other groups with most decrement in high dose group of lead acetate. However, the urea level decreased and uric acid increased significantly in all treated groups than control. Microscopically, degenerated and necrotic hepatocytes, tubular and glomerulus’s necrosis were observed in all toxicated rats beside eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in lining epithelium of some renal tubules of lead toxicated rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that different toxic levels of lead acetate and aluminum chloride can affect animal’s welfare by behavioural, biochemical and histopathological alterations in a dose dependent manner.
Predicting 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with community-acquired
 pneumonia using statistical and machine learning approaches.

Background: Predicting if a hospitalized patient with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) will or will not survive after admission to the hospital is important for research purposes as well as for institution of early patient management interventions. Although population-level mortality prediction scores for these patients have been around for many years, novel patient-level algorithms are needed. The objective of this study was to assess several statistical and machine learning models for their ability to predict 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with CAP. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the University of Louisville (UofL) Pneumonia Study database. Six different statistical and/or machine learning methods were used to develop patientlevel prediction models for hospitalized patients with CAP. For each model, nine different statistics were calculated to provide measures of the overall performance of the models. Results: A total of 3249 unique hospitalized patients with CAP were enrolled in the study, 2743 were included in the model building (training) dataset, while the remaining 686 were included in the testing dataset. From the full population, death at 30-days post discharge was documented in 458 (13.4%) patients. All models resulted in high variation in the ability to predict survivors and non-survivors at 30 days. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study suggests that accurate patient-level prediction of 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with CAP is difficult with statistical and machine learning approaches. It will be important to evaluate novel variables and other modeling approaches to better predict poor clinical outcomes in these patients to ensure early and appropriate interventions are instituted. DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol1/iss3/10 Received Date: April 19, 2017 Accepted Date: May 4, 2017 Website: https://ir.library. louisville.edu/jri
Contribution DEPENDENCE OF BOILING HISTOTRIPSY TREATMENT EFFICIENCY ON HIFU FREQUENCYAND FOCAL PRESSURE LEVELS

TATIANA D. KHOKHLOVA,* YASSER A. HAIDER,y ADAM D. MAXWELL,z WAYNE KREIDER,y MICHAEL R. BAILEY,y and VERA A. KHOKHLOVAyx *Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; yCenter for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; zDepartment of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; and xFaculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
1 Analyzing the Relationship Between Organic and Sponsored Search Advertising : Positive , Negative or Zero Interdependence ? 1

The phenomenon of paid search advertising has now become the most predominant form of online advertising in the marketing world. However, we have little understanding of the impact of search engine advertising on consumers' responses in the presence of organic listings of the same firms. In this paper, we model and estimate the interrelationship between organic search listings and paid search advertisements. We use a unique panel data set based on aggregate consumer response to several hundred keywords over a threemonth period collected from a major nationwide retailer store chain that advertises on Google. In particular, we focus on understanding whether the presence of organic listings on a search engine is associated with a positive, a negative, or no effect on the click-through rates of paid search advertisements, and vice versa for a given firm. We first build an integrated model to estimate the relationship between different metrics such as search volume, click-through rates, conversion rates, cost per click, and keyword ranks. A hierarchical Bayesian modeling framework is used and the model is estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. Our empirical findings suggest that click-throughs on organic listings have a positive interdependence with clickthroughs on paid listings, and vice versa. We also find that this positive interdependence is asymmetric such that the impact of organic clicks on increases in utility from paid clicks is 3.5 times stronger than the impact of paid clicks on increases in utility from organic clicks. Using counterfactual experiments, we show that on an average this positive interdependence leads to an increase in expected profits for the firm ranging from 4.2% to 6.15% when compared to profits in the absence of this interdependence. To further validate our empirical results, we also conduct and present the results from a controlled field experiment. This experiment shows that total click-through rates, conversions rates, and revenues in the presence of both paid and organic search listings are significantly higher than those in the absence of paid search advertisements. The results predicted by the econometric model are also corroborated in this field experiment, which suggests a causal interpretation to the positive interdependence between paid and organic search listings. Given the increased spending on search engine-based advertising, our analysis provides critical insights to managers in both traditional and Internet firms.
Intralesional cryotherapy for hypertrophic scars and keloids: a review

Introduction: Hypertrophic and keloid scarring remain notoriously troublesome for patients to tolerate and frustratingly difficult for clinicians to treat. Many different treatment modalities exist, signifying the failure of any method to achieve consistently excellent results. Intralesional cryotherapy is a relatively recent development that uses a double lumen needle, placed through the core of a keloid or hypertrophic scar, to deliver nitrogen vapour, which freezes the scar from its core, outwards. Methods: This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on intralesional cryotherapy for hypertrophic scars and keloids. A systematic review or meta-analysis was not possible, since the existing articles did not permit this. Results: A search of English language, peer-reviewed literature was carried out. The evidence base was found to be low (level 4). In addition, much of the published evidence comes from a very few groups. Despite this, consistent findings from case series suggest that the technique is safe and achieves good scar reduction with very few treatments. Adverse effects include depigmentation, recurrence and pain. Pain and recurrence appear to be uncommon and depigmentation may be temporary. Discussion: Well-constructed, prospectively recruited comparative trials are absent from the literature. These are strongly encouraged, in order to strengthen general confidence in this technique and in the repeatability of outcomes reported thus far. Lay Summary There are many different types of treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloid scars, but no treatment works perfectly in all individuals. Intralesional cryotherapy is a relatively new technique which freezes a scar from the centre outwards. This article provides a summary of the technique and the evidence for its usefulness in the medical literature. While no large-scale studies have been reported, the findings from small scale studies have been very encouraging. Intralesional cryotherapy appears to be safe and effective, with few adverse effects, but more research is needed in order to compare it adequately with other types of treatment
An overview of full-waveform inversion in exploration geophysics

Full-waveform inversion FWI is a challenging data-fitting procedure based on full-wavefield modeling to extract quantitative information from seismograms. High-resolution imaging at half the propagated wavelength is expected. Recent advances in high-performance computing and multifold/multicomponent wide-aperture and wide-azimuth acquisitions make 3D acoustic FWI feasible today. Key ingredients of FWI are an efficient forward-modeling engine and a local differential approach, in which the gradient and the Hessian operators are efficiently estimated. Local optimization does not, however, prevent convergence of the misfit function toward local minima because of the limited accuracy of the starting model, the lack of low frequencies, the presence of noise, and the approximate modeling of the wave-physics complexity. Different hierarchical multiscale strategiesaredesignedtomitigatethenonlinearityandill-posedness of FWI by incorporating progressively shorter wavelengths in the parameter space. Synthetic and real-data case studies address reconstructing various parameters, from VP and VS velocities to density, anisotropy, and attenuation. This review attempts to illuminate the state of the art of FWI. Crucial jumps, however, remain necessary to make it as popular as migration techniques. The challenges can be categorized as 1 building accurate starting models with automatic procedures and/or recording low frequencies, 2 defining new minimization criteria to mitigate the sensitivity of FWI to amplitude errors and increasing the robustness of FWI when multiple parameter classes are estimated, and 3 improving computational efficiency by data-compression techniquestomake3DelasticFWIfeasible.