Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Phenological Stages on Yield and Quality Traits in 22 Populations of Tall Wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum Grown in Lorestan, Iran

The objective of this research was to study the effects of phenological stages on yield and quality traits in 22 populations of tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum. A split plot design was conducted using a complete randomized block with two replications in Lorestan (Borujerd), Iran during 2007-2008. The genotypes were cut in five maturity stages as vegetation, stem elongation, heading date, anthesis, milky development and dough seed stage as main plots. Data were collected and analyzed for DM yield, stem number, plant height and three quality traits as; dry matter digestibility (DMD), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and crude protein (CP). The results showed the significant effects of phonological stages, genotypes and genotypes×phonology interaction effects for all of traits except stem number. The stem elongation and dough seed stages with average values of 2.58 and 5.08 Kg/ha had the lowest and highest yield production, respectively. In contrast, the average values of DMD and CP were high in both vegetation and stem elongation stages and they dramatically decreased in mature hay by 13% and 35% lower than those of vegetation hay, respectively. For WSC, the highest values (14.3 and 14.4%) were obtained in heading and pollination stages. Based on both yield and quality traits, it concluded that heading and pollination stages were the best stage for harvesting maximum DM yield couple with three quality traits DMD, WSC and CP yields in tall wheatgrass under conservation management. In comparison among genotypes, 301P10 (Alborz), 301M2 (Alborz) and 1599P10 (Gorgan), 1599P4 (Gorgan) 774M (Takestan) and 1755P9 (Ormia) with the range of 4.03 and 4.98 ton/ha had the higher forage production. Among them, 1599P10 (Gorgan), 774M (Takestan) and 1755P9 (Ormia) were recognized as the best genotypes for both yield and quality trait.
Educational Services for Children in Foster Care

ABSTRACT Most literature on the education of foster youth focuses on their individual outcomes and characteristics. A small body of literature documents a lack of collaboration between the child welfare and education systems. This study explores commonalities and differences in perspectives between child welfare and education system stakeholders. It draws on findings from a multi-county exploratory study on educational services for foster youth. The findings in this study identify several systemic barriers including placement instability within the child welfare system, limited financial resources of schools, and poor inter-agency communication. In addition, differences in the perceptions of school and child welfare agency personnel regarding the needs of foster children in school, problems encountered in enrolling children in school, and the role and motives of each agency in addressing these needs and problems are identified. These differences point to both the challenges involved in improving communications and collaboration between the two systems, as well as the opportunities to improve educational services to children in foster care.
Can eight weeks of stabilization exercise change the amount of knee flexion and anterior shear force

1 Faraj Fatahi1, Gholamali Ghasemi1, Mohamadtaghi Karimi2, Ramin Beyranvand3 1Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 2Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 3Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran The effect of stabilization exercise on the knee Can eight weeks of stabilization exercise change the amount of knee flexion and anterior shear force?
Limitations of pullback attractors for processes

Pullback convergence has been investigated in numerous papers as an appropriate attraction concept for nonautonomous problems. However, in this paper, it is illustrated through some simple examples that pullback attractors do not give a complete picture of asymptotic behaviour when the nonautonomous dynamical systems that they generate are formulated as processes. It is then shown how the problem can be resolved using a skew product formulation of the nonautonomous dynamical systems when the state space of the driving system is compact.
Abolition of Individual Antioxidant Enzymes Did Not Affect Antibiotic-mediated Killing of Escherichia coli

Three classes of bactericidal antibiotics induce oxidative damages in addition to their interactions with specific intracellular targets. By utilizing knockout strains of Escherichia coli that lack antioxidant enzymes, we investigated whether deficiencies in the oxidant scavenging pathways would render the mutants more susceptible to ampicillin, norfloxacin and tobramycin. Although the antibiotics mediated detectable increase in oxidative stress, abolishing each of the antioxidant enzymes, manganese superoxide dismutase, hydroperoxidase I or alkyl hydroperoxide reductase did not increase the antibiotic susceptibilities of E. coli. We concluded each of the three enzymes by itself was not essential in the defense against antibiotic-mediated killing.
Borders, Market Access and Urban Growth; the Case of Saxon Towns and the Zollverein

The Zollverein, the 1834 customs union between independent German states, removed all internal borders. This paper investigates its economic impact focussing on urban population growth in the state of Saxony. Implications from a economic geography model are tested with a data set on town populations and location characteristics as well as an improved distance measure created with GIS techniques to include geography and infrastructure. Saxony's Zollverein membership led to significantly higher growth for towns close to the liberalized border. The effect depended on a town's size, was reinforced through neighboring markets and worked through influencing migration and natural increase.
Trace Element Content of Lentinus Squarrusulus Mushroom Collected From Aguata in Anambra State, Nigeria.

The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn in fifteen fruiting bodies Lentinus squarrusulus were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The results showed the values of the studied trace elements decreased in the order: Zn (63.4-67.6 mg kg -1 )>Cd (15.1-18.7mg kg 1 )>Mn (2.60-4.21 mg kg -1 ) > Mg (1.57-2.98mg kg 1),> Pb (1.21-1.42 mg kg 1)> Fe (0.40-0.98mg kg -1 ) >Cu (0.25-0.86 mg kg -1 ) >Ni (0.23-0.76mg kg -1 ) >Mo (0.10-0.24 mg kg -1 )> Cr (0.08-0.16 mg kg -1 )
A new approach for β-convergence estimation in Italy

In this paper we test the presence of β-convergence among Italian regions, in the period 1980-2003, in presence of a trend break in the series following a new approach (Vogelsang and Tomljanovich, 2002). The break year is considered either known (1992) and endogenously estimated from the data. When we consider a known trend break date model the results evidence the presence of a convergence process for most of the Italian regions in the considered period. The outcome relative to the unknown break date model, on the contrary, strongly depend on the econometric model used to estimate the β-convergence.
Evaluation of Feeding Different Levels of Red Haricot Bean Screening (Phaseolus Vulgaris.L) on Egg Production and Quality Parameters of White Leghorn Hens

The study was conducted to evaluate effects of feeding different levels of red haricot bean screening (RHBS) on dry matter intake, body weight gain, egg production, egg quality and feed conversion ratio of white leghorn chicken. A total of 225 (195 hens + 30 cocks) at age of 30 weeks with initial body weight of1104.7±16.35 gram were randomly distributed in to 15 pens each with 13 hens and 2 cocks. The pens were randomly allocated to five treatment diets in completely randomized design. The five treatment diets used in the present study were containing 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of RHBS for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Crude protein and metabolizable energy content of RHBS was 29.01% and 3276Kcal/Kg. Dry matter intake (92.5, 95.03, 91.03, 90.09 and 89.7 for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively, was significantly (P 0.05) among treatments on average daily body weight gain per bird, egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, albumen quality, yolk weight, yolk diameter, yolk height. Yolk color and index were significantly (P<0.05) different which were high in T5 and low in T1. Therefore, increasing proportions of RHBS above 50% in the layer ration improve yellowness and index of egg yolk, but affect feed conversion ratio, egg mass and egg production negatively. Keywords ; Diet, Egg Production, Haricot Bean Screening
Quality of drug prescription in primary health care facilities in Mwanza, north-western Tanzania

Background: Drug therapy can improve a patient’s quality of life and health outcomes if only used properly. However, data on prescription quality at primary health care facilities in Tanzania is scanty. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of drug prescriptions in selected health care facilities in two districts of Mwanza, Tanzania. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Ilemela and Nyamagana districts in Mwanza, Tanzania. The study included 20 randomly selected public and private health care facilities. A random sample of the patient records in each facility was included. From each patient record, the latest prescription was assessed. Information assessed and recorded included prescribing indicators, frequency of prescription error, various formulations and groups of drugs prescribed. Prescribers were interviewed on factors affecting prescribing practices. Results: A total of 570 prescriptions were studied. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 2.8. The percentage of encounters with an antibacterial agent prescribed was 33.8% and injections constituted 7.9% of cases. Prescriptions by generic name were 85.8% while 90.6% of drugs prescribed were from the national essential drug list. Antibacterial agents, analgesics and antimalarial agents accounted for 75.3% of all drugs prescribed. Of all prescriptions, 485 (85.1%) had at least an error. A total of 1,177 errors were made. Errors of omissions accounted for the majority (99.3%) of all errors. The most commonly observed missing prescription particulars were the drug strength (23.2%) and patient weight (22.2%). The average number of drugs per encounter was higher in private facilities (3.2) than in public facilities (2.4) ( P <0.0001). The range of drugs per prescription was also higher in private (1-7) than in public facilities (1-5) ( P <0.0001). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of various drug groups prescribed between public and private facilities and between health centres and dispensaries ( P <0.001 and 0.027, respectively). Conclusion: Prescribing of higher number of drugs than the WHO recommendations and overuse of antibiotics is still a problem at health care facilities in Mwanza Tanzania. The frequency of occurrence of prescription errors found during the study was considerably high.
Generalized BCS Equations and the Iron-Pnictide Superconductors

A detailed quantitative study of the pnictide composite superconductor (CS) Ba0.6K0. 4Fe2As2 is presented in the frame-work of the recently derived set of generalized BCS equations. Invoking multiple Debye temperatures to take into account anisotropy of the CS, we address the current experimental data on its Tc and the (not so clear-cut) gap-values via different theoretical scenarios that attempt to identify the ion species responsible for pairing in it. This is done with the aid of the Bogoliubov’s restriction on the BCS dimensionless electron-phonon coupling constant. Significantly, our study sheds light on the gaps which have recently been observed in different iron-pnictide CSs as nodes or line-nodes on the Fermi surface and have evinced considerable interest.
Band alignment between GaN and ZrO2 formed by atomic layer deposition

The band alignment between Ga-face GaN and atomic-layer-deposited ZrO2 was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The dependence of Ga 3d and Zr 3d core-level positions on the take-off angles indicated upward band bending at GaN surface and potential gradient in ZrO2 layer. Based on angle-resolved XPS measurements combined with numerical calculations, valence band discontinuity ΔEV of 1 ± 0.2 eV and conduction band discontinuity ΔEC of 1.2 ± 0.2 eV at ZrO2/GaN interface were determined by taking GaN surface band bending and potential gradient in ZrO2 layer into account.
Photometric distances to NGC 628 and its four companions.

Based on photometry of the brightest blue stars we derived distance moduli for NGC 628 and its dwarf irregular companions: DDO 13, UGC 1171, UGC 1104, and K 10. The mean modulus of the group is estimated to be 29.46 mag with a formal (internal) error of 0.11. The total mass to luminosity ratio of 40 M=L seems sucient for NGC 628 to keep its companions in bound orbits.
Horizontal wind disturbances induced by inertial instability in the equatorial middle atmosphere as seen in rocketsonde observations

[1] Rocketsonde observations at Kwajalein (8.7°N, 167.7°E) were used for investigation of horizontal wind disturbances induced by inertial instability. Two characteristic cases were found in the 1978–1979 northern winter during which the limb infrared monitor of the stratosphere (LIMS) made observations. In both the cases the eastward component and the northward component of horizontal winds are negatively correlated in the vertical direction near the stratopause level, which is thought to be due to inertial instability. The wind disturbances have a wavelength of about 10 km, and their maximum amplitudes are estimated as over 10 ms−1. Examinations of the LIMS temperatures support a possibility that the wind disturbances are induced by inertial instability. It was revealed that temperature disturbances characteristic of inertial instability, called “pancake structures,” appear in the same height and time as the wind disturbances do. The relationship between the rocketsonde wind disturbances and the LIMS pancake structures is 90° out of phase, as expected by the theory of inertial instability. In addition, it was confirmed that the two inertial instability events follow enhancements of the midlatitude planetary wave. This is consistent with a mechanism of the inertially unstable disturbances in the equatorial region inferred in some observational and numerical studies. Analyses of rocketsonde data were extended to the entire observation period at Kwajalein, which suggests that the occurrence of inertially unstable disturbances is biased toward the winter season. However, at some other stations in the tropics, wind disturbances which may be induced by inertial instability do not appear so frequently as they do at Kwajalein. This seasonality and regionality of inertially unstable disturbances would be due to the seasonality and regionality of planetary wave breakings at midlatitude.
Prehistoric uses of circumpolar mineral resources : insights and emerging questions from Arctic Archaeology

: Exploitation of the Arctic’s abundant geological wealth it not just a modern phenomenon; humans have been targeting specific rocks and minerals in this region for thousands of years. Some of the earliest evidence comes from Northeast Siberia, where around 27,000 years ago, Arctic hunt-ergatherers were already using stone to produce hunting tools and other resource-processing equipment. As human colonization of the circumpolar Arctic gathered pace during the Holocene (the last 12,000 or so years), use of rocks and mineral resources diversified away from the manufacturing of stone tools towards production of new kinds of cooking containers that were made from fired clay and carved soapstone. These new food-processing technologies appear to have played a central role in the growing human reliance on Arctic maritime ecosystems and were exchanged widely, as were other valued geological resources such as meteoric iron, copper and chert. This paper aims to situate these prehistoric uses of Arctic geological resources within a long-term and fully circumpolar setting. We argue that any attempt to understand these early subsistence uses of rocks and minerals by Arctic hunter-gatherers eventually leads into a broader set of questions about how and why prehistoric peoples were innovating new technologies and developing effective survival strategies to cope the challenges and opportunities presented by dynamic Arctic climates and environments. We therefore argue that in seeking to fully understand what motivated early exploitation of Arctic mineral we need to focus on the “ people behind the rocks ”. More generally, we conclude that improved collaboration across Arctic Geosciences will enable these extended exploitation histories to be properly integrated into debates about the long-term role played by humans in the increasingly fragile Arctic environment.
Two-dimensional solidification and melting in potential flows

The problem of solidification or melting under the action of a forced hydrodynamic flow is considered. In the appropriate parameter régime, the problem admits a formulation in terms of analytic functions. It is shown that a crystal with a parabolic tip propagates without change of shape at a steady velocity. Some novel explicit solutions are presented.
Will a Good Citizen Actively Support Organizational Change? Investigation of Psychological Processes Underlying Active Change Support

The present study investigated motivational factors of employee’s active change support (ACS). It also investigated good citizens’ response to the change by highlighting convergence and divergence of motivational factors between ACS and traditional extra-role behavior. The findings based on 166 staff responses and 346 supervisor assessments in a hospital that recently implemented a sharedgovernance structure suggest that active change support is a result of an active thinking process that involves perception of potential benefit from change but not necessarily the consequence of conventional predictors of extra-role behaviors (i.e., positive attitudes). The findings also suggest that good citizens are not necessarily the supporters of organizational change and that in actuality they confront motivational dilemma especially when they hold high quality relationship with their employer because they are reluctant to challenge the status quo.
Broadband probe-fed patch antenna with a W-shaped ground plane

A new design of a broadband probe-fed patch antenna with a W-shaped ground plane is presented. The W-shaped ground plane is obtained by bending the conventional planar ground plane into an inverted V-shape, seen in the resonant direction of the patch antenna and then adding proper flanges at the two straight edges of the bent ground plane. The proposed design is applicable to the patch antenna with a planar radiating patch with a thin air substrate. With the use of the proposed W-shaped ground plane, the required probe-pin length in the substrate remains small, although the effective substrate thickness is significantly increased, resulting in a much wider operating bandwidth. Also, by choosing proper dimensions of the W-shaped ground plane, the antenna gain for frequencies over the obtained wide bandwidth is enhanced, compared to the conventional patch antenna with a planar ground plane. In addition, the cross polarization is also reduced for the proposed design and the cross-polarization level (XPL) in the H-plane pattern can even be better than that of a conventional probe-fed patch antenna with a thin air substrate.
Counting the costs of crime in Australia

This paper presents up to date figures on the costs of a range of offences and crime as a whole in Australia. The costs assessed include medical costs, lost output, and intangible costs, which set a monetary value on pain, suffering and lost quality of life. Cost estimates are presented for homicide, assault, sexual assault, robbery, burglary, theft of vehicles, theft from vehicles, shop theft, other theft, criminal damage or vandalism, arson, fraud, drug offences, overall crime costs, and other costs, including criminal justice system costs, costs of victim assistance, security costs, household precaution costs, and insurance costs. Overall crime costs come to $19 billion, with additional costs (such as policing, prisons and security) adding nearly another $13 billion, giving a total estimated bill of nearly $32 billion per year. Fraud is the most costly crime, followed by violent crime (homicide, assault and sexual assault) and burglary.
Applied social psychology

Jose M. Prieto, jmprieto@psi.ucm. es Complutense University, Faculty of Psychology, Madrid, Spain and Secretary General, International Association of Applied Psychology (IAAP). Michel Sabourin, sabourm@ere.umontreal. ca Universite de Montreal, Department of Psychology, Montreal, Canada and Treasurer of the International Union of Psychological Science. Lenore E.A. Walker, 74443.1415@compuserve.com Center for the Psychological Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA Ignacio Aragones, pssoc01@sis.ucm. es Complutense University, Faculty of Psychology, Madrid, Spain Maria Amerigo, mamerigo@correo.cop. es University of Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Humanities, Toledo, Spain
Sedimentation of particulate matter in the Dona Paula Bay, West Coast of India during November to May 1995–1997

Data on hydrography, nutrients, suspended particles, and sedimented particles were collected at weekly intervals from November to May during 1995 to 1997 at a station in the coastal waters of Dona Paula Bay, India. Suspended and sedimented particles were analyzed for total suspended matter (SPM), total sedimented particulate matter (TPM), particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate organic nitrogen (PON), chlorophylla (chla), and diatom abundance. Variations in hydrography and nutrients influenced the quantity and composition of sedimented particles. The TPM, POC, PON, and chla fluxes showed small-scale seasonal variations and were higher in the summer (February to May) than in the winter (November to January). Resuspension of carbon accounted for approximately 25% of the gross POC and was highest in April 1997 (45%). The mean net POC flux was 197±90 mg C m−2 d−1 and accounts for 4.6% of the TPM. The average C∶N (w∶w) ratio of the sedimented material was 13.2±6.6. The POC:chla ratio was relatively higher in the sedimented material as compared to the suspended material. The particulate carbon reaching the bottom sediment was 39% of the primary production. The low organic carbon concentration (approximately 0.1% of dry sediment) in the sediments implies that about 98% of the sedimented carbon was either consumed at the sedimentwater interface or resuspended/advected before it was finally buried into the sediments.