Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Patients Admitted to Obstetric Intensive Care Unit With Severe Preeclampsia, Eclampsia or HELLP Syndrome

Objectives: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with maternal mortality and morbidity. Patients with these diseases usually require intensive care. This study reviewed pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, eclampsia or HELLP syndrome who needed intensive care and were consequently admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, data of all preeclamptic and eclamptic women and patients with HELLP syndrome who delivered at Al-Zahra hospital over a 1-year period from March 2012 to March 2013 were reviewed. Results: Of 9812 women delivered in our center, 56 women with severe hypertensive disorders required ICU admission (0.6%). The most common therapeutic interventions included vasodilator agents and transfusion. No case of maternal mortality was reported; while 5 cases of fetal death (8.9%) due to intrauterine death were reported. Conclusion: Outcome of patients admitted in ICU for severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is generally good. Intensive care management should be considered in every referral obstetric center.
First experimental comparison between the Cartesian and the Lissajous trajectory for magnetic particle imaging

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a quantitative imaging modality that allows us to determine the distribution of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Sampling is achieved by moving a field-free point (FFP) along a specific trajectory through the volume of interest. The magnetic material that lies along the path or in the close vicinity of the FFP changes its magnetization and induces a voltage in the surrounding receiver coils. Various trajectories for the FFP are conceivable, but most experimental MPI scanners either use a Cartesian or a Lissajous sampling trajectory. For the first time, this study compares both sampling methods experimentally using an MPI scanner that allows us to implement both sampling patterns. By default, the scanner is capable of scanning 2D and 3D field of views using a Lissajous trajectory. But since it also has a 1D mode, it is possible to perform Cartesian measurements by shifting the 1D scan line in a perpendicular direction to the FFP movement using the focus field. These line scans are jointly reconstructed to obtain a 2D image. In a further step, the unidirectional Cartesian trajectory is improved by interchanging the excitation and the focus-field direction leading to a bidirectional Cartesian trajectory. Our findings reveal similar results for the bidirectional Cartesian and Lissajous trajectory concerning the overall image quality and sensitivity. In a more detailed view, the bidirectional Cartesian trajectory achieves a slightly higher spatial center resolution, whereas the Lissajous trajectory is more efficient regarding the temporal resolution since less acquisition time is needed to reach an adequate image quality.
Bacteremia following scaling and root planing: A clinico-microbiological study

Background: Bacteremia frequently occurs after treatment procedures such as extractions, scaling, root planing, periodontal surgery. There is currently significant interest in the possibility that bacteremia with oral bacteria may play role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. There are well-conducted studies that have determined the frequency of passage of periodontal microorganisms to the bloodstream after periodontal treatment. There is scarce information related to the incidence of periodontopathic microorganisms during bacteremia induced by this procedure. Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of passage of periodontopathic microorganisms in peripheric blood after scaling and root planing in patients with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Forty subjects with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. Blood samples were drawn from each patient at following intervals pre-treatment i.e., before SRP (P1), immediately after SRP (P2), and 30 minutes after SRP (P3). Following SRP, blood samples were analyzed for following microorganisms: Porphyromonasgingivalis, Tannerella. forysthus, Eikenellanella. corrodens, Campylobacter species, Micromonas. micros, and Prevotella. intermedia. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test. Results: Bacteremia was found in 70% (28/40) immediately after SRP and after 30 min, it was reduced to 25% (10/40) and 7.5% (3/40) presented bacteremia before SRP. Conclusions: It was concluded that bacteremia frequently occurs immediately after SRP with P. gingivalis showing the highest frequency in blood.
Mixed Method Research: Instruments, Validity, Reliability and Reporting Findings

The mixed method approaches have recently risen to prominence. The reason that more researchers are opting for these types of research is that both qualitative and quantitative data are simultaneously collected, analyzed and interpreted. In this article the main research instruments (questionnaire, interview and classroom observation) usually used in the mixed method designs are presented and elaborated on. It is believed that using different types of procedures for collecting data and obtaining that information through different sources (learners, teachers, program staff, etc.) can augment the validity and reliability of the data and their interpretation. Therefore, the various ways of boosting the validity and reliability of the data and instruments are delineated at length. Finally, an outline of reporting the findings in the mixed method approaches is sketched out. It is believed that this article can be useful and beneficial to the researchers in general and postgraduate students in particular who want to start or are involved in the process of conducting research.
Putting the public back into public health

Public health in the British NHS has lost its way.1–5 It has been, or has allowed itself to be, driven down the narrow, and ultimately self defeating, road of health service performance management and finds itself unable to step back and examine the root causes of ill health in the populations served. Health is about more than simply treating illness. It must encompass improving people’s chances of living a healthy life throughout their lifetime. However, in the NHS, health is being interpreted through the narrow prism of ill health and disease. How will this enable the NHS to contribute to the struggle to create communities that are truly healthy, where people participate in creating a sense of wellbeing for themselves and for their communities? The issues are not confined to the British NHS but can be found to exist to a greater or lesser degree in many healthcare systems in Europe and elsewhere.6 Part of the problem may result from a lack of clarity over the public health function. Arguably, there exists no other function that seeks to embrace such a broad range of discrete activities to be undertaken by a single specialty or group of practitioners. The Faculty of Public Health suggests that there are three areas of public health practice that it seeks to cover in its work: health protection, health improvement, and health service quality. While displaying some overlap, each of these areas arguably demands its own particular skills, competences, and knowledge. Perhaps greater clarity and focus is required if public health is to deliver with equal confidence in each of these areas, especially in respect of health improvement that demands skills from a range of agencies outside the NHS and located within communities. For many engaged in public health, its core purpose is …
Neural-network hybrid control for antilock braking systems

The antilock braking systems are designed to maximize wheel traction by preventing the wheels from locking during braking, while also maintaining adequate vehicle steerability; however, the performance is often degraded under harsh road conditions. In this paper, a hybrid control system with a recurrent neural network (RNN) observer is developed for antilock braking systems. This hybrid control system is comprised of an ideal controller and a compensation controller. The ideal controller, containing an RNN uncertainty observer, is the principal controller; and the compensation controller is a compensator for the difference between the system uncertainty and the estimated uncertainty. Since for dynamic response the RNN has capabilities superior to the feedforward NN, it is utilized for the uncertainty observer. The Taylor linearization technique is employed to increase the learning ability of the RNN. In addition, the on-line parameter adaptation laws are derived based on a Lyapunov function, so the stability of the system can be guaranteed. Simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed NN hybrid control system for antilock braking control under various road conditions.
Converging epistemologies: critical issues in Canadian Inuit childbirth and pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES To relate the cultural beliefs and environmental issues surrounding pregnancy and childbirth among the Canadian Inuit to the critical issues facing maternal and child health in the Inuit population. STUDY DESIGN This is a literature based comparative historical study. METHODS Anthropological, historical, biomedical and first person narratives were analyzed to determine Inuit beliefs concerning pregnancy and childbirth. These were compared with the risk factors for Inuit maternal and child health identified in the biomedical literature. RESULTS Inuit beliefs concerning pregnancy and childbirth are rooted in an epistemological framework that differs in important ways from Southern/ biomedical theoretical norms. Evacuation to Southern hospitals for childbirth and the environmental contaminants discourse have both clashed in significant ways with Inuit beliefs, to the detriment of Inuit physical and social health. CONCLUSIONS Inuit beliefs concerning pregnancy and childbirth are incompatible with biomedical theory, but are not incompatible with biomedical practice. As long as researchers and practitioners become aware of Inuit concerns and adapt biomedical practices to accommodate Inuit cultural and social priorities satisfactory clinical outcomes may be expected.
Internet banking: strategic responses to the accession of WTO by Chinese banks

Purpose – To assess to what extent Chinese domestic banks' use of internet banking as a strategic response to the entrance of the WTO is affected by factors both external and internal to the banks.Design/methodology/approach – A model depicted by a path diagram is developed to test the impact of various external and internal factors considered to have an impact on Chinese domestic banks' strategic response to the accession into the WTO. Survey questions from prior studies were adopted and modified. Structural equation analyses were used for data analysis.Findings – The research hypothesis that the increasingly competitive conditions in the banking sector resulting from China's accession into the WTO has a significant effect on Chinese domestic banks' internet banking investment decisions was confirmed.Research limitations/implications – The conceptual model and research instrument could be further refined. The sampling frame used could be expanded to cover all banks in the Chinese mainland.Practical impli.
Effects of sophistication and motivation on the detection of malingered memory performance using a computerized forced-choice task.

The present study employed a computerized forced-choice recognition memory task, the Multi-Digit Memory Test (MDMT), to examine the effects of instructional set (i.e., dissimulation information provided subjects) and motivation (i.e., monetary incentive) on simulated malingering behavior in a group of 119 university undergraduate students and 33 patients sustaining varying severity of closed-head injury. For the nonpatient groups, a significant effect of instructional set was revealed. Motivational incentive, however, did not affect forced-choice performance. Overall, significant performance differences emerged between all groups with nonmalingering students performing nearly perfectly, the brain-injured patients performing well above chance levels, sophisticated student malingers performing at chance, and naive student malingers performing well below chance levels. These results suggest the MDMT may offer a clinically useful and convenient addition to a neuropsychological assessment when there is suspicion of feigned memory problems. These data also support the use of naive and sophisticated malingering subjects in further analog studies addressing this topic.
How I do it: Head and neck and plastic surgery: Surgical management of the head and neck cancer patient following concomitant multimodality therapy

The simultaneous use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (concomitant therapy) has exceptional promise in the treatment of head and neck cancer. In this limited review, seven head and neck cancer patients who underwent prior concomitant therapy and subsequent surgery developed wound‐healing complications that were delayed (22‐day average) in onset. Paranasal sinus and base of skull operations had less significant wound morbidity than those cases requiring simultaneous transgression of the neck and upper aerodigestive tract. The use of arterialized flaps did not in itself prevent wound breakdown. The formation of controlled fistulae, delay of reconstruction, and avoidance of simultaneous neck and upper aerodigestive tract entry are important considerations in avoiding wound‐healing complications after concomitant therapy. In this select group of patients, surgery should be approached with extreme caution and conservatism.
Low Susceptibility of Nude Mice to Induction of Invasive Urinary Bladder Cancers by N-Ethyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine

A time-and dose-dependent study of N-ethyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (EHBN) bladder carcinogenesis was performed in nude mice maintained on tap water containing 0.025% EHBN for 4, 12, and 20 weeks ad libitum. A total of 13 invasive tumors, comprising 11 transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) (84.6%) and 2 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (15.4%), were found. Compared with previous results for B6C3F1 mice exposed to the same EHBN insult, the numbers of invasive carcinomas induced in nude mice, and especially of SCCs, were low. In order to ascertain whether this difference in cancer incidence between nude and B6C3F1 mice was due to variation in urinary excretion, the metabolism of EHBN was also investigated and compared with that of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN). Respective total urinary excretions over 48 hr of N-ethyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine (ECPN) or N-butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine (BCPN), the ultimate carcinogenic species of EHBN or BBN, were 822.4 ± 41.4 μg and 530.4 ± 81.0 μg, respectively, in nude mice, and 800.6 ± 83.7 μg and 407.8 ± 69.7 μg, respectively, in B6C3F1 mice. In conclusion, although it is apparent that nude mice have a low susceptibility to EHBN induction of urinary bladder cancer, this does not appear to be dependent on reduced metabolism to the active form.
Education associations with smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity among Hispanic and Asian young adults.

OBJECTIVES We assessed whether associations between education and 2 health behaviors--smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity (LTPI)--depended on nativity and age at immigration among Hispanic and Asian young adults. METHODS Data came from the 2000-2008 National Health Interview Survey. The sample included 13 345 Hispanics and 2528 Asians aged 18 to 30 years. Variables for smoking and LTPI were based on self-reported data. We used logistic regression to examine education differentials in these behaviors by nativity and age at immigration. RESULTS The association of education with both smoking and LTPI was weaker for foreign-born Hispanics than for US-born Hispanics but did not vary by nativity for Asians. Education associations for smoking and LTPI among foreign-born Hispanics who had immigrated at an early age more closely resembled those of US-born Hispanics than did education associations among foreign-born Hispanics who had immigrated at an older age. A similar pattern for smoking was evident among Asians. CONCLUSIONS Health-promotion efforts aimed at reducing disparities in key health behaviors among Hispanic and Asian young adults should take into account country of residence in childhood and adolescence as well as nativity.
A Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Nonlocal Feed-Forward Cochlear Model and Time Domain Computation of Multitone Interactions

A two-dimensional cochlear model is presented, which couples the classical second order partial differential equations of the basilar membrane (BM) with a discrete feed-forward (FF) outer hair cell (OHC) model for enhanced sensitivity. The enhancement (gain) factor in the model depends on BM displacement in a nonlinear nonlocal manner in order to capture multifrequency sound interactions and compression effects in a time-dependent simulation. The FF mechanism is based on the longitudinal tilt of the OHCs in feeding the mechanical energy onto the BM. A numerical method of second order accuracy in space and time is formulated by reducing the unknown variables to the BM with the representation of eigenfunction expansions. Though the nonlinear coupling with OHCs created an implicit algebraic problem at each time step, the structure of the FF mass matrix is found to permit a decomposition into a sum of a time-independent symmetric positive definite part and the remaining time-dependent part. A fast iterative m.
Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Insulin‐dependent (Type 1) Diabetes

Among these i s that the culture of a specialist area has developed enough harmony across a wide geographical area to achieve consensus on what can be implemented. The stimulus to the European IDDM Policy Group has been the successful demonstration by its elder sister (the NIDDM Policy Group) that such guidelines can be written, and manifestly can be useful. In diabetes it is apparent that the resources available to care vary widely within Europe. However, the primary resource for
Nitric oxide is cytoprotective to breast cancer spheroids vulnerable to estrogen-induced apoptosis

Estrogen-induced apoptosis has become a successful treatment for postmenopausal metastatic, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Nitric oxide involvement in the response to this endocrine treatment and its influence upon estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer progression is still unclear. Nitric oxide impact on the MCF7 breast cancer line, before and after estrogen-induced apoptosis, was investigated in 3D culture systems using unique live-cell imaging methodologies. Spheroids were established from MCF7 cells vulnerable to estrogen-induced apoptosis, before and after exposure to estrogen. Spheroids derived from estrogen-treated cells exhibited extensive apoptosis levels with downregulation of estrogen receptor expression, low proliferation rate and reduced metabolic activity, unlike spheroids derived from non-treated cells. In addition to basic phenotypic differences, these two cell cluster types are diverse in their reactions to exogenous nitric oxide. A dual effect of nitric oxide was observed in the breast cancer phenotype sensitive to estrogen-induced apoptosis. Nitric oxide, at the nanomolar level, induced cell proliferation, high metabolic activity, downregulation of estrogen receptor and enhanced collective invasion, contributing to a more aggressive phenotype. Following hormone supplementation, breast cancer 3D clusters were rescued from estrogen-induced apoptosis by these low nitric oxide-donor concentrations, since nitric oxide attenuates cell death levels, upregulates survivin expression and increases metabolic activity. Higher nitric oxide concentrations (100nM) inhibited cell growth, metabolism and promoted apoptosis. These results suggest that nitric oxide, in nanomolar concentrations, may inhibit estrogen-induced apoptosis, playing a major role in hormonal therapy. Inhibiting nitric oxide activity may benefit breast cancer patients and ultimately reduce tumor recurrence.
Human toxocariasis: a report of nine cases

Aim: Human toxocariasis is caused by infection with the larval stage of nematode parasites of dogs and cats, Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati. These helminths are not able to complete their life cycle in undefinitive hosts and so undergo aberrant migrations in the tissues causing a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms. Eosinophilia is often severe and sometimes represents the only sign of infection, except in ocular and neurological forms.
New Jersey Low Contact Stress Total Ankle Replacement: Biomechanical Rationale and Review of 23 Cementless Cases

A congruent contact, unconstrained, multiaxial ankle replacement has been developed for use without cement. A talar onlay component with a trochlear surface and central fixation fin uses a cylindrical articulating axis that reproduces the lateral talar curvature. A tibial inlay component with a 7° anteriorly inclined short fixation stem uses a flat loading plate, recessed anatomically into the distal tibia to distribute tibial loads to the ankle joint. For both components, made of cast cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, a 275-μm pore-size, sintered-bead, porous coating is used to allow tissue ingrowth stabilization. A congruent ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene bearing is inserted between the metallic implants. Its upper surface is flat, whereas its lower surface conforms to the trochlear surface, thereby providing unconstrained, sliding cylindrical motion with low contact stress on the bearing surfaces. Contact pressure and collateral ligaments maintain ankle stability during both static and dynamic loading conditions. Clinically, 23 total ankle arthroplasties were performed in 21 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 24 months to 64 months with a mean of 35.3 months. Diagnoses included rheumatoid arthritis, 6 patients (26.1%); osteoarthritis, 4 patients (17.4%); post-traumatic arthritis, 10 patients (43.5%); avascular necrosis of the talus, 2 patients (8.7%), and painful ankle fusion, 1 patient (4.3%). Pain was the primary reason for surgery in all cases. Postoperatively, 87% of ankles had no pain or, at most, mild pain. Postoperative complications included poor wound healing in four ankles, reflex sympathetic dystrophy in two ankles, deep infection in one ankle, and one bearing subluxation. No ankle replacements were removed and no fusions were performed for failed implants, although one bearing was exchanged without disrupting the metallic elements. In this report, the suggestion is made that total ankle arthroplasty may have an improved application in various arthritis disorders when used with biologic fixation and unconstrained mobile bearings.
The Ring-Shape Inter-Processor Networks Based on the ST-BUS Standard

Spread intelligence real-time control systems are presently more often used in many technical domains than before. Therefore, an interest in dedicated inter-processor networks is growing. Their throughput, reliability and implementation cost may have a significant effect on the end system parameters. These problems are very important for construction of: exchanges, switching systems and multiplexers of digital telecommunication networks, especially aiming at the ISDN equipment. The paper describes a proposed inter-processor network, based on the ST-BUS standard, popular in telecommunication modules. The original solution in the presented architecture consists in the use of the integrated digital switching matrices as transmission elements and the interconnect bus structure and the ring-shape interprocessor network. The hardware solution developed integrates: user data streams, control signals and inter-