Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overeducation and Skills - Clarifying the Concepts

There is now a burgeoning literature on the topic of ''overeducation'' (and the complementary concept of ''undereducation''), and a growing quantity of UK empirical evidence on this issue. However, as Joop Hartog indicated in his keynote address to the Applied Econometrics Association, ''a solid relation [of the overeducation/ undereducation literature] with a formal theory of the labour market is lacking'' (Hartog (1997)). Furthermore, the term ''overeducation'', in particular, is often used interchangeably with similar but distinct concepts such as ''qualification inflation''. This paper attempts to define and measure ''undereducation'' and ''overeducation'' more precisely, to quantify the extent of genuine skill and educational mismatch and to link these phenomena into the existing literature on skill-biased change and wage inequality. We provide new empirical evidence on this issue, using data from the International Adult Literacy survey, the recent UK Skills Survey, and the National Child Development Study. Specifically, we find convincing evidence of skill under-utilisation in the British labour market. For example, 20% of IALS respondents have reading and comprehension skills that appear to be under-utilised in their jobs. We also show that ''genuine'' overeducation is a significant phenomenon in Britain. For instance, a new survey of graduates by the University of Newcastle suggests that just over 20% of recent graduates are genuinely ''overeducated'' for their jobs. We discuss the policy and welfare implications of our findings.
A Mathematical Model of Suicidal-Intent-Estimation in Adults

Retrospective assessment of suicidal intent is important to prevent future attempts. The objective of the study is to mathematically model the method of suicidal intent estimation. Real-life data of 200 suicide attempters has been collected according to Beck’s suicide intent scale (BSIS), which is composed of three constructs and 20 indicators to assess the suicidal intent as ‘low’, ‘medium’ or ‘high’. Each indicator possesses three preconditions for intent scoring. For conventional scoring first 15 indicators are used. The collected data has been analysed to note its distribution, reliability and mining significant indicators. Three Multilayer Feed Forward Neural Net (MLFFNN) classifiers have been developed. MLFFNN-1 is developed with first fifteen indicators to mimic the conventional way of scoring. MLFFNN-2 has been designed with all twenty indicators to note whether the network could better classify with more information. Significant (or quality) indicators, obtained through Multiple Linear Regressions and the Principal component analysis (PCA) are finally used to construct the MLFFNN-3. It is to see whether high quality information better influence the classification task. Performances of the neural nets are then compared and validated with the scorings performed by a group of psychiatrists (who are the human experts) and the regressions analysis. The paper observes that MLFFNNs have outperformed the human experts and regressions in terms of both speed and accuracy. MLFFNN-1 is found to be the best of the lot. It concludes that BSIS could efficiently be mapped onto neural networks.
Comparison of Adoptive vs. Biological Mother-Infant Relationships in Nonhuman Primates

Comparison of Adopted vs. Biological Mother-Infant Relationships in Nonhuman Primates Rachel A. Bogh Department of Psychology Master of Science Studies suggest that adoptees are at risk for a number of psychopathological behaviors. To understand the etiology of this risk, 150 socially housed rhesus macaques were studied, including 107 infants reared with their biological mothers and 43 infants reared with unrelated adoptive mothers. Mother-infant behaviors were recorded across the first 6 months of life. Analyses were performed using a hierarchical linear mixed model. All reported results were tested at p<0.05. Adopted infants were observed on average to approach and leave their mothers more frequently, explore the environment and locomote longer, exhibit more anxiety-like behavior, spend less time being held to their mother’s breast, and were rejected by their mothers more when compared to nonadopted infants, indicating they are more likely responsible for maintaining the relationship. They also direct and receive more noncontact aggression on average to other social group members, and showed evidence of higher anxiety exhibiting high levels of anxiety-like self-directed behavior when compared to nonadopted infants. Also, results indicate that adopted infants have significantly lower levels of the CSF serotonin metabolites 5hydroxyindoleacetic acid when compared to nonadopted infants.
Inelligent ensemble system aids osteoporosis early detection

This paper presents the research in developing an ensemble of data mining techniques for predicting the risk of osteoporosis prevalence in women. Osteoporosis is a bone disease that commonly occurs among postmenopausal women. Early detection and diagnosis is the key for prevention but are very difficult, without using costly diagnosing devices, due to complex factors involved and its gradual bone lose process with no obvious waning symptoms in particular. Our research aims to develop an intelligent decision support system based on data mining ensemble technology to assist General Practitioners in assessing patient's risk of developing osteoporosis. The paper focuses on investigating the methodologies for constructing effective ensembles, specifically on the measurements of diversity between individual models induced by two types of machine learning techniques, i.e. neural networks and decision tress for predicting the risk of osteoporosis. The constructed ensembles as well as their member predictors are assessed in terms of reliability, diversity and accuracy of prediction. The results indicate that the intelligently hybridised ensembles have high-level diversities and thus are able to improve their performance.
On a model for the motion of a contact line on a smooth solid surface

In this paper we investigate the model for the motion of a contact line over a smooth solid surface developed by Shikhmurzaev, [24]. We show that the formulation is incomplete as it stands, since the mathematical structure of the model indicates that an additional condition is required at the contact line. Recent work by Bedeaux, [4], provides this missing condition, and we examine the consequences of this for the relationship between the contact angle and contact line speed for Stokes flow, using asymptotic methods to investigate the case of small capillary number, and a boundary integral method to find the solution for general capillary number, which allows us to include the effect of viscous bending. We compare the theory with experimental data from a plunging tape experiment with water/glycerol mixtures of varying viscosities [11]. We find that we are able to obtain a reasonable fit using Shikhmurzaev's model, but that it remains unclear whether the linearized surface thermodynamics that underlies the theory provide an adequate description for the motion of a contact line.
EXPRESSION OF PML TUMOR SUPPRESSOR IN A431 CELLS REDUCES CELLULAR GROWTH BY INHIBITING THE EGFR EXPRESSION

Our previous studies showed that the promyelocytic leukemia protein, PML, functions as acellular and growth suppressor. Transient expression of PML was also found to repress the activity of theepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene promoter. In this study, we have examined the effects ofPML on A431 cells, which express a high level of EGFR protein. The PML gene was introduced into thecells using the adenovirus-mediated gene transfer system. Western blot analysis on the extracts from thecells expressing PML showed a significant repression in the expression of the EGFR protein. The cellswere examined for growth and DNA synthesis. The data showed a marked reduction in both growth andDNA synthesis rate in the cells expressing PML compared with the control cells. Furthermore, incomparison with the controls, the cells expressing PML were found to be more in G1 phase, fewer in Sand about the same number in the G2/M phase. These data clearly demonstrated that the repression ofEGFR expression in A431 cells by PML was associated with inhibition of cell growth and alteration ofthe cell cycle distribution, suggesting a novel mechanism for the known growth inhibitory effects ofPML.
Diet of Barn Owl Tyto alba in Central South Bulgaria as influenced by landscape structure

This study of the diet of Barn Owl Tyto alba analyzed pellets containing 18,810 prey specimens. Small mammals (98.2% by number, 97.5% by biomass) dominated, while birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects constituted a negligible portion of the diet (1.8% by number, 2.5% by biomass). Voles (Microtus spp.) were the most numerous prey (35.3 ± 14.4%, range 14.6%-67.1%) in 9 localities (69.2%, n = 13 individually studied localities) and dominated the biomass in all diets (51.4 ± 14.1%, range 27.4%-78.2%). The lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura suaveolens) (20.8 ± 7.6%, range 7.3%-32.8%) was the most frequent prey in the other 4 localities (30.8%). The breeding localities with more similar proportions of habitats in their hunting territories had significantly higher diet overlaps (r = 0.336, P < 0.01). The amount of wetlands and the indices of habitat heterogeneity and topographic relief among the landscape characteristics of the hunting territories significantly influenced diet composition according to redundancy analysis. Larger areas of wetlands correlated with higher predation on wetland mammal species, as well as the European pine vole (Microtus subterraneus) and white-toothed shrews, and thus with broader food niche breadth.
Models of Continuing Professional Development: a framework for analysis

Abstract The area of teachers' continuing professional development (CPD) is of growing interest internationally. However, while an increasing range of literature focuses on particular aspects of CPD, there is a paucity of literature addressing the spectrum of CPD models in a comparative manner. This article therefore considers a wide range of international literature, together with some specific examples from the Scottish context, in proposing a framework built around key characteristics of individual models of CPD. The framework identifies nine key models, which are then classified in relation to their capacity for supporting professional autonomy and transformative practice. The article considers the circumstances in which each of the nine models of CPD might be adopted, and explores the form(s) of knowledge that can be developed through any particular model. It also examines the power relationships inherent in the individual models and explores the extent to which CPD is perceived and promoted either as an individual endeavour related to accountability, or as a collaborative endeavour that supports transformative practice. Finally, it is argued that there is a need for greater interrogation of both the purpose and the potential outcomes of CPD structures - the framework outlined in this article is offered as one way of supporting such analysis.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS ON WEB 2.0 TOOLS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN ZIMBABWE

Web 2.0 technologies have provided both opportunities and challenges for academic libraries. These sociotechnological innovations have enabled interactivity and gathering of knowledge through experience and practice on a global scale. The concept of collaborative work, social networking and the ease in the usage of these applications has brought a significant change in the internet usage by university students. Many academic libraries are beginning to leverage the power of these services to provide better and more relevant services to their patrons. The use of web 2.0 tools in academic libraries and has begun to take shape recently in Zimbabwe. However, studies reveal that utilisation these tools is still low in Zimbabwean academic libraries. Understanding knowledge, attitudes and practices of university students on web 2.0 tools paves the way for the efficient and effective use of these tools in Zimbabwean libraries. This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitudes and practices of university students on web 2.0 tools. The survey method was used to gather data. A self administered questionnaire was used to gather data from 280 undergraduate students who were conveniently selected to participate in the study. The findings reveal that most students have excellent knowledge of specific web 2.0 tools such as Instant Messaging and Social networking. Most tools were used mainly for communication purposes. A small percentage of respondents indicated that they use the tools for educational purposes. Students displayed lack of knowledge and use on mashups, social bookmarks, and relatively simple syndication (RSS) feeds. The fact that most of these tools are already being widely used by students entail that academic libraries can utilise these technologies in developing user services. However, the issues of awareness, access, confidentiality, and accuracy of these tools need to be addressed to ensure their successful implementation and use.
Reinforcement of VoIP Security with Multipath Routing and Secret Sharing Scheme

A technique to enhance the security of vocal communication over an open network is proposed in this paper. This technique combines a secret sharing scheme and a multipath routing technique on network communication. The secret sharing scheme, originally proposed to convey information securely from one person to another, divides original information into sets of partial data. Each set of partial data is designated as shared data. In principle, nobody can obtain any information of the original from a subset of the shared data. Only a person who collects all shared data can reconstruct the original information. Furthermore, a multipath routing technique, by which a single set of data is transferred from one host to another through multiple network paths, was developed originally for load sharing and high reliability. The proposed method therefore divides speech data using the secret sharing scheme and transfers the shared data using the multipath routing technique to realize secure voice communication over the network. Advantages of the method are that it requires no secret key, which plays an essential role in IPsec, and moreover, it can be used in conjunction with IPsec to reinforce the security of VoIP.
Substance Use, Sexual Networks, and HIV risk among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Peru

Substance Use, Sexual Networks, and HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in Peru Angela Kristine Ulrich Chair of the supervisory committee: Ann Duerr Affiliate Professor Epidemiology, Global Health Background: In Peru, the HIV epidemic is concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in whom HIV incidence rates are as high as 4.2 per 100 person-years with HIV prevalence reported to be as high as 22% in MSM and up to 30% in TGW. This dissertation seeks to add to the knowledge of the structure of sexual networks, namely the level and predictors of sexual concurrency among MSM and TGW in Peru (Aim 1), and the understanding of risk factors for HIV acquisition in MSM and TGW with high levels of substance use in Lima (Aim 2). Methods: Data are from the 2011 Peruvian Biobehavioral Surveillance survey (Aim 1) and the Sabes cohort study conducted in Lima from 2013-2016 (Aim 2). Data were collected with the computer assisted self-interview (CASI) (Aim 1 & 2); HIV testing was performed with Determine 1/2 rapid antibody tests (Aim 1 & 2), pooled nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), and Western Blot to determine Fiebig Stage at HIV diagnosis. Statistical methods used include Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations (GEE) (Aim 1), and Pearson’s Chi-square, Poisson regression estimated with GEE, and stratified Cox proportional hazards survival analysis with time-varying covariates (Aim 2). Results: Concurrency is a common practice among MSM and TGW in Peru with a 3-month cumulative prevalence of over 23%. There was evidence of negotiated safety—those with a stable partner were less likely to have condomless anal intercourse (CLAI) with a concurrent nonstable partner. In the Sabes cohort, HIV incidence was 11.7 per 100 person-years of follow-up. Those with alcohol use disorders (AUD) were significantly more likely to attend a venue that served alcohol, binge drink, and use marijuana or amyl nitrites. AUD modified the association between the time-varying behavioral factors and HIV; behavioral risk factors (binge drinking, marijuana use, sex with a casual partner, client, or one-time partner) were most strongly associated with HIV acquisition amongst those with dependent drinking patterns. Conclusion: This study suggests that AUD is linked to HIV risk in two important ways: first, through CLAI with non-stable partners and second, through amplifying the impact of other HIV risk behaviors. These studies suggest that harm reduction approaches, such as negotiated safety with concurrent partners, and treatment of AUDs to decrease alcohol intake could decrease the HIV risk associated with these behaviors. Table of
Influence of Foliar Spray with Stigmasterol on Growth, Productivity and its Quality and Stem Anatomy of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

The present study was carried out during the two winter growing seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 to investigate the effect of foliar application with different concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 ppm) of stigmasterol on morphological characters and yield of flax cv. Sakha-1 from straw, fiber and seeds as well as on their related characters. Moreover, the effect on stem anatomy, seed oil percentage and composition of fatty acids were under consideration. The obtained results indicated that stigmasterol at the relatively low used concentration of 30 ppm showed no significant effect on all studied morphological and yield characters of flax cv. Sakha-1. On the other hand, foliar application with any of the other assigned concentrations of stigmasterol (60, 90, 120 and 150 ppm) induced significant promotive effect on all studied characters except those of number of seeds/capsule, seed oil percentage and composition of fatty acids of flax cv. Sakha-1. The maximum promotion was detected at 90 ppm stigmasterol which induced significant increases of 25.7, 23.8, 34.8, 19.5, 24.6, 9.2, 38.0, 29.4, 35.6, 14.1, 15.9, 31.6, 28.3 and 22.6% over those of the control for plant height, technical length of the main stem, length of fruiting zone, diameter of the main stem, number of capsules/plant, weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield/plant, seed yield/feddan, seed oil yield/feddan, straw yield/plant, straw yield/feddan, fiber yield/plant, fiber yield/feddan and fiber length; respectively. Microscopical examination revealed that the increase which was observed in stem diameter of flax cv. Sakha-1 due to foliar application with 90 ppm stigmasterol could be attributed mainly to the prominent increase in all included tissues. The thickness of epidermis, cortex, fiberous region, secondary phloem and xylem tissue as well as diameter of the pith were increased by 5.6, 47.1, 20.2, 14.1, 30.0 and 8.1% more than those of the control; respectively. Moreover, number of fiberous bundles/cross section increased in treated plants by 9.4% more than those of untreated ones.
Project CREW: A Novel Approach Linking Career Counseling to Workforce Development.

The purpose of this paper is to present Project CREW—a novel and innovative collaborative career counseling program that links educational attainment and skills development to community-based workforce development. A review of the literature on career development is provided along with a discussion of how Project CREW’s model and program theory aligns with the literature. The paper concludes by providing a program evaluation framework to guide the systematic assessment of Project CREW.
Root coverage by lateral pedicle graft: A case report

Gingival recession is the most common mucogingival deformity and should be treated at its earliest detection. Exposed root surfaces are more likely to develop root sensitivity and root caries and pose esthetic problems. Among various procedures, laterally positioned pedicle graft (LPG) is widely used successfully to cover Miller class-I and Class-II recession defects. The main advantages of the laterally positioned pedicle graft are that it is relatively easy and less time-consuming. It produces excellent esthetic results and no second surgical site is involved for donor harvesting. Thus the present study was undertaken to understand the efficacy of lateral pedicle grafts in Miller’s class I gingival recession defects.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE TOWARDS GENDER-RESPONSIVE SCHOOLS BASED ON MINTZBERG’S THEORY

Indonesian government has implemented education reform by regulating gender mainstreaming in education since 2008. The reform demands every education organization unit to integrate gender perspective into their education services called Gender Responsive School. School organization should be changed in order to implement gender mainstreaming in education. The Mintzberg’s theory states that organizational change should be done in two dimensions, namely strategic and organizational dimensions. This article discusses about organizational change (schools) to be seen from strategic dimension (visions, positions, programs, and products) and organizational dimension (culture, structure, system and people). Four Senior High Schools in Sragen Regency Indonesia have been purposively selected. The primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with principals, students, and parents and the secondary data were collected through documentation studies, such as schools’ strategic plans and regulations. The data were then analyzed using Mintzberg’s model. The data validity uses data source triangulation. The findings show that organizational change towards gender-responsive schools has been done both in strategic dimension and organizational dimension. Unfortunately, all of the schools didn’t have gender responsive vision and gender responsive structure. Besides, most of the schools have not implemented gender-responsive culture and systems. They only integrated gender dimension incidentally. In conclusion changing organization in strategic dimension is more difficult than in organization dimension. In other words, changing the concrete level of organizations such as products (in the strategic dimension) or people (in the organizational dimension) is easier than changing the conceptual level of organizations such as vision (in the strategic dimension) and culture (in the organizational dimension). Accordingly, organizational change should be embodied from the strategic to technical level.Keywords: gender responsive school, Mintzberg’s theory, organizational change