Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Domestic Violence Screening and Intervention in Medical and Mental Healthcare Settings

Domestic Violence Screening and Intervention in Medical and Mental Healthcare Settings provides a comprehensive literature review of domestic violence studies in a variety of health care settings. Studies on intimate partner violence in primary care, maternal care, emergency care, and mental health care settings are analyzed. Domestic violence literature in many subspecialties—including pediatrics, ophthalmology, oral and maxillofacial surgical, physical rehabilitation, and gastrointestinal disorders—are also extensively reviewed. An ambitious undertaking, the text details well over 300 studies, none of which predate 1978. Each chapter highlights the conclusions, areas of consensus and divergence, and strengths and limitations of the research in relevant areas of medical practice. Methodological flaws are emphasized. Several chapters include detailed charts critically examining the salient characteristics of the studies, presenting them side by side for ease in comparing methodologies and conclusions. Gaps in the literature are also highlighted, presenting researchers with a clear-cut roadmap for future studies. The chapter on primary and secondary prevention makes a strong case that physicians can actively influence patient behavior and reduce injury by engaging in prevention techniques. One example of a primary prevention in domestic violence—discussing home or school violence with young patients—is a simple but powerful technique that physicians can use to help break the cycle of violence. Several other recommendations for future prevention initiatives are discussed; these underscore the importance of physician understanding of effective interventions. A recurring theme of the book is the need for more research: research on how interventions in the health care setting benefit victims of domestic violence, research on who needs to be screened, and research regarding the skills of the providers who conduct screening. The authors’ systematic investigation into the past, present, and future courses of study provides a clear lens from which to view the totality of the existing literature. The potential audience for Domestic Violence Screening is enormous. Most obviously, architects of domestic violence prevention programs in heath care settings will benefit from the book’s exhaustive analysis. Researchers in social work, psychology, marriage and family therapy, and child development will also benefit from its nearly encyclopedic treatment of the literature and painstaking identification of areas lacking sufficient study. A third group—those professionals who educate physicians and other medical care experts—can gain valuable insight into overcoming barriers to effective implementation of domestic violence curricula. Finally, physicians and health care professionals who are distinctively positioned to screen for, assess, and intervene in domestic violence cases have a significant new tool with which to assist their patients.
Interactions of resveratrol with other phenolics and activity against food‐borne pathogens

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of individual phenolics and their binary mixtures with resveratrol against selected food‐borne pathogens. The antibacterial activity was quantified using the broth microdilution method by the determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Interactions between compounds in the binary phenolic mixtures were determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The influence of the number of OH groups in the phenols’ structure on their antibacterial activity was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA). The most effective compounds were flavone luteolin and flavonol rutin, while the weakest antimicrobial activity was observed for phenolic acid and flavan‐3‐ols (catechin and epicatechin). The synergistic effect (FICI ≤0.5) of equimolar mixture of resveratrol with kaempferol was confirmed against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli, while the mixture of rutin with resveratrol proved synergistic only against S. aureus. The increasing concentrations of resveratrol in the mixtures with kaempferol and rutin resulted in a loss of synergism which indicates that only selected phenolic mixtures, with optimal concentrations of their individual components, result in synergistic antibacterial activity. We did not find an association between total number of OH groups and antibacterial activity of either individual phenolics or their mixtures.
Statistical learning attenuates visual activity only for attended stimuli

Perception and behavior can be guided by predictions, which are often based on learned statistical regularities. Neural responses to expected stimuli are frequently found to be attenuated after statistical learning. However, whether this sensory attenuation following statistical learning occurs automatically or depends on attention remains unknown. In the present fMRI study, we exposed human volunteers to sequentially presented object stimuli, in which the first object predicted the identity of the second object. We observed a strong attenuation of neural activity for expected compared to unexpected stimuli in the ventral visual stream. Crucially, this sensory attenuation was only apparent when stimuli were attended, and vanished when attention was directed away from the predictable objects. These results put important constraints on neurocomputational theories that cast perception as a process of probabilistic integration of prior knowledge and sensory information.
Variabilnost poljskega jesena (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) v Sloveniji : magistrsko delo

Poljski jesen (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) je v Sloveniji samonikla vrsta z deljenim arealom. Vecji del areala obsega poplavna, obrecna nižinska rastisca v panonskem svetu in manjsi del vlažna rastisca ob nekaterih rekah v sredozemskem svetu. Variabilnost poljskega jesena v Sloveniji je bila proucevana s pomocjo morfometrijske analize listov in plodov. V petih populacijah poljskega jesena (70 dreves) in primerjalne populacije velikega jesena (14 dreves) je bilo skupno analiziranih 5490 listov in 2440 plodov. Na posameznih listih, ki so bili glede osoncenosti razdeljeni na soncne in sencne, je bilo merjenih 40 znakov, medtem ko je bilo na plodovih merjenih 9 znakov. S hierarhicno zasnovanim poskusom je bil z analizo variance potrjen znacilni prispevek vseh proucevanih nivojev. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da k variabilnosti listov pri poljskem jesenu najvec prispevajo razlike med drevesiv posameznih populacijah, sledijo razlike med populacijami in razlike, ki so posledica razlicne osoncenosti listov. Tako univariatne kot multivariatne statisticne tehnike so pokazale, da so najboljsi razlikovalni znaki med posameznimi populacijami znaki, ki se nanasajo na velikost listov. Znajmanjsimi listi izstopa populacija Dragonja, po vecini morfoloskih znakov tako na listih kot na plodovih pa ji je najbolj podobna populacija Lijak. Sencni listi so v primerjavi s soncnimi praviloma vecji in imajo sirse in boljna kratko zasiljene posamezne listice, v cemer so zelo podobni listom velikega jesena. Na splosno so fenotipske razlike med subpanonskimi in submediteranskimi populacijami poljskega jesena majhne in neizrazite. Na osnovi odkritih razlik ni mogoce potrditi prisotnosti dveh podvrst poljskega jesena v Sloveniji.
LOCOMOTION IN THE FASTEST RODENT, THE MARA Dolichotis patagonum (CAVIOMORPHA; CAVIIDAE; DOLICHOTINAE)

Although rodents can move fast, they are in general considered non-cursorial mammals, with the notable exception of some species within the suborder Caviomorpha which are convergent with small-sized artiodactyls. The mara, Dolichotis patagonum (average body mass: 8 kg), is a member of the family Caviidae which occupies relatively open habitats in southern South America, and shows remarkable anatomical traits associated to fast locomotion. These include elongated limbs, especially their distal segments, a digitigrade foot posture, and muscles attached near limb joints. However, its locomotor behavior is not yet well understood. Here we focus on the mara’s locomotor kinematics, especially on the gaits performed at different speeds, and provide new data and analyses. By means of high-speed video-recordings, it was observed that maras use lateral walk at low speeds and pace at moderate speeds. By implementing half bound maras reached their maximum speed at 36 km/h, i.e. 14.3 body length/s. It was also confirmed that maras are able to perform pronking, a probable alarm or fitness signal. Kinematic parameters (e.g. duty factor; stride frequency), and comparisons of running speed with other caviomorph and artiodactyl species are also provided. RESUMEN. Locomoción en el roedor más veloz, la mara Dolichotis patagonum (Caviomorpha; Caviidae; Dolichotinae). Aunque relativamente veloces, los roedores en general son considerados mamíferos no cursoriales, con la notable excepción de algunas especies dentro del suborden Caviomorpha, las que son consideradas convergentes con artiodáctilos de pequeño tamaño. La mara Dolichotis patagonum, es una especie perteneciente a la Familia Caviidae que se distribuye en hábitats relativamente abiertos de la porción sur de Sudamérica. Las maras presentan una anatomía especialmente adecuada para alcanzar elevadas velocidades de desplazamiento, incluyendo extremidades alargadas (especialmente sus segmentos distales), una postura digitígrada, e inserciones musculares cercanas a las articulaciones de los miembros. En el presente trabajo nos enfocamos en la cinemática de la locomoción de la mara, especialmente en el tipo de paso (en inglés “gait”) utilizado a diferentes velocidades, aportando nuevos datos y análisis. Mediante el uso de video filmación de alta velocidad, se observó que las maras utilizan la caminata lateral a bajas velocidades, mientras que la marcha al paso (a veces denominada ambladura) se utiliza a velocidades moderadas. Mediante el medio salto las maras alcanzaron su velocidad máxima, la cual fue de 36 km/h, i.e. 14.3 longitud corporal/s. Se confirmó también que las maras son capaces de realizar pronking, probablemente una señal de alarma o de fortaleza física. Se calcularon Mastozoología Neotropical, 26(1):65-79, Mendoza, 2019 http://www.sarem. org.ar http://www.sbmz. com.br K. S. C. Chagas et al. 66
Tyr1 phosphorylation promotes the phosphorylation of Ser2 on the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II by P-TEFb

The Positive Transcription Elongation Factor b (P-TEFb) phosphorylates Ser2 residues of RNA polymerase II’s C-terminal domain (CTD) and is essential for the transition from transcription initiation to elongation in vivo. Surprisingly, P-TEFb exhibits Ser5 phosphorylation activity in vitro. The mechanism garnering Ser2 specificity to P-TEFb remains elusive and hinders understanding of the transition from transcription initiation to elongation. Through in vitro reconstruction of CTD phosphorylation, mass spectrometry analysis, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis we uncover a mechanism by which Tyr1 phosphorylation directs the kinase activity of P-TEFb and alters its specificity from Ser5 to Ser2. The loss of Tyr1 phosphorylation causes a reduction of phosphorylated Ser2 and accumulation of RNA polymerase II in the promoter region as detected by ChIP-seq. We demonstrate the ability of Tyr1 phosphorylation to generate a heterogeneous CTD modification landscape that expands the CTD’s coding potential. These findings provide direct experimental evidence for a combinatorial CTD phosphorylation code wherein previously installed modifications direct the identity and abundance of subsequent coding events by influencing the behavior of downstream enzymes.
Wild Edible Fruits: A Systematic Review of an Under-Researched Multifunctional NTFP (Non-Timber Forest Product)

Wild edible fruits (WEFs) are among the most widely used non-timber forest products (NTFPs), and important sources of nutrition, medicine, and income for their users. In addition to their use as food, WEF species may also yield fiber, fuel, and a range of processed products. Besides forests, WEF species also thrive in diverse environments, such as agroforestry and urban landscapes, deserts, fallows, natural lands, and plantations. Given the multifunctional, ubiquitous nature of WEFs, we conducted a systematic review on the literature specific to WEFs and highlighted links between different domains of the wider knowledge on NTFPs. We found that literature specific to WEFs was limited, and a majority of it reported ethnobotanical and taxonomic descriptions, with relatively few studies on landscape ecology, economics, and conservation of WEFs. Our review identifies priorities and emerging avenues for research and policymaking to promote sustainable WEF management and use, and subsequent biodiversity and habitat conservation. In particular, we recommend that ecosystem services, economic incentives, market innovations, and stakeholder synergies are incorporated into WEF conservation strategies.
Growth Performance and Survivability of Srinidhi birds under Farm System of Management

The present study was carried out on 105d old chicks of Srinidhi breed under farm condition. The body weight was recorded at weekly interval up to 16wk of age. The mean values of body weight at 0d, 4, 8, 12 and 16 wk of age were estimated as 32.72 ± 0.59, 398.30 ± 3.18, 1010.87 ± 6.47, 1477.73 ± 9.21 and 1994.12 ± 10.91g, respectively in Srinidhi birds maintained under farm system of management. Age at first lay was found to be 175.85 ± 2.33 days and average egg production up to 40wk of age was recorded as105.42 ± 1.65 eggs. Egg weight up to 40wk of age and the survivability of Srinidhi birds was recorded as 54.40 ± 1.22g and 97.15 per cent, respectively under farm system of management.
Equivalent circuit modeling of static substrate thermal coupling using VCVS representation

A new method is described which allows substrate thermal coupling between active devices to be accurately represented in a circuit simulation environment. The method, based on a substrate thermal equivalent circuit containing resistors and voltage-controlled voltage sources, allows for exact representation of substrate thermal coupling at any number of evaluation points. The topology of the equivalent circuit and derivation of its coefficients is described, and application of the technique to inter- and intradevice thermal effects is illustrated. The method is applied with a simple self-heating compact model representation to a measured GaAs device characteristic exhibiting gain collapse, and is found to accurately predict electrothermal behavior.
Attitude of Nigerian secondary school teachers to peer evaluation of teachers

The study investigated the general attitude of Nigerian secondary school teachers toward peer evaluation of teachers. It also sought to determine whether teacher characteristics such as gender, school geographical location, academic qualification and teaching experience affected Nigerian teachers’ attitude toward peer evaluation of teachers. To accomplish the research purpose, four null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The research design adopted was a survey. The sample consisted of 480 secondary school teachers selected from among 3179 teachers in Akwa Ibom State secondary schools using a stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used for collecting data for the study was a 13‐item questionnaire. Population t‐test, independent t‐test, dependent t‐test and four‐way ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses. The study revealed that the general attitude of Nigerian secondary school teachers toward peer evaluation of teachers is negative, whether the results of the evaluation serve formative or summative purposes; and that for both formative and summative purposes, the general attitude of Nigerian teachers toward peer evaluation of teachers is not affected by the teachers’ professional status, gender, school location, academic qualification or teaching experience.
Comparison of salinity effects on grafted and non-grafted eggplants in terms of ion accumulation, MDA content and antioxidative enyzme activities

Grafting onto resistant/tolerant rootstocks is known to alleviate the negative effects of abiotic stress factors like salinity by enhancing their enzymatic antioxidant defense system and having more efficient nutrient uptake. This study was carried out under greenhouse conditions, different rootstock/scion eggplant combinations were grown under two salinity treatments 1.8-2 dS/m (control) and 6-7 dS/m (stress) with seven eggplant genotypes as rootstocks (commercial and Turkish genotypes). Two genotypes were used as the scion. Leaf MDA and ions (Na+, Cl-, K+ and Ca++) content, antioxidant enzymes activity were evaluated as indicators for plant tolerance level. It was found that the rootstock-grafted plants were more efficient in preventing Na+ ions to be transferred to the plants upper parts and had higher SOD, CAT, and APX activity levels compared to the self- and non-grafted plants which resulted in better tolerance and growth in these plants.
Multimodal wireless sensor networks based on Wake-up radio receivers: An nalytical model for energy consumption

Traditionally, sophisticate power-aware wake-up techniques have been employed to achieve energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), such as low-duty cycling protocols using a single radio architecture. These protocols achieve good results regarding energy savings, but they suffer from idle-listening and overhearing issues, that make them not reliable for most ultra-low power demanding applications, especially, those deployed in hostile and unattended environments. Currently, Wake-up Radio Receivers (WuRx) based protocols, under a dual-radio architecture and always-on operation, are emerging as a solution to overcome these issues, promising higher energy consumption reduction compared to classic wake-up protocols. By combining different transceivers and reporting protocols regarding energy efficiency, multimodality in WSNs is achieved. This paper presents an energy consumption estimation model that considers the behavior and performance of wakeup protocols based on WuRx in multi-hop communications under several cases instead of traditional low-duty cycling schemes. The results show that the WuRx with addressing does not significantly reduce the energy consumption compared to WuRx without addressing. In some cases, classic low-duty cycling protocols outperform WuRx based protocols, but in most cases, it is contrariwise, giving a strong motivation for considering multi-modal approaches in WSNs.
Microstructural overlap of Macroelongatoolithus eggs from Asia and North America expands the occurrence of colossal oviraptorosaurs

ABSTRACT The first intact North American Macroelongatoolithus specimen was excavated from sediments in the Wayan Formation of southeastern Idaho and initially reported by Krumenacker et al. (2017, Historical Biology 29:170–186). Here, we present a description of the specimen, including a zonal analysis of microstructural variation and comparison with an egg pair from the Liangtoutang Formation of Zhejiang, China. We assign egg pair IMNH 2428\49608 from the Albian–Cenomanian Wayan Formation of Idaho and egg pair ZMNH M8705 from the Liangtoutang Formation of China to the oospecies Macroelongatoolithus carlylei. The eggs are 39.8–41.7 cm long and 10.8–14.3 cm wide, and the eggshell consists of two structural layers of calcite demarcated by a distinct, undulating boundary. Eggshell thickness is 1.01–2.17 mm, and the continuous layer to mammillary layer ratio (CL:ML) ranges from 2.05:1 to 7.68:1. Identification of intact Macroelongatoolithus specimens from North America supports synonymy of M. xixiaensis with M. carlylei, as proposed by Zelenitsky et al. (2002) on the basis of eggshell fragments. Due to the substantial microstructural variation of the specimens reported here, we also regard M. goseongensis and M. qiongensis as junior synonyms of M. carlylei. The degree of microstructural variation within the new specimens expands the expected range of variation typically used in diagnosing oospecies and has implications for the naming of new oospecies on the basis of fragments or egg portions alone. The discovery of Macroelongatoolithus eggs from the latest Early Cretaceous of Idaho confirms the presence of this extraordinary oogenus outside of Asia and provides nonskeletal evidence of a Gigantoraptor-sized oviraptorosaur in western North America.
All-Optical Thermometry with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamond-Embedded Polymer Films

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) containing negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV–) centers are applicable for nanoscale temperature sensing in frontier areas of science and engineering. As researchers take advantage of the unique chemical and physical properties of this nanomaterial, many new innovations are emerging. Here, we show that FNDs can be readily embedded in poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) with a high density (1 × 1011 particles in a film of 10 × 10 × 0.1 mm3) and a high uniformity (intensity variation of ∼10% over a distance of 10 μm). The FND-embedded polymer films can be fabricated in large scale and are useful as all-optical thermometers for practical applications. This work made a comparative study on the temperature dependence of the peak positions and heights of the zero phonon line (ZPL) of NV– centers in these films from 35 to 120 °C. A measurement sensitivity of 0.46–1.1 and 0.15–0.62 K Hz–1/2 was achieved respectively for the ZPL shifts and height changes over this tempera.
Implementing Disaster Policy: Exploring Scale and Measurement Schemes for Disaster Resilience

Abstract Resilience measurement continues to be a meeting ground between policy makers and academics. However, there are inherent limitations in measuring disaster resilience. For example, resilience indicators produced by FEMA and one produced by an independent academic group (BRIC) measure community resilience by defining and quantifying community resilience at a national level, but they each have a different conceptual model of the resilience concept. The FEMA approach focuses on measuring resilience capacity based on preparedness capabilities embodied in the National Preparedness Goals at state and county scales. BRIC examines community (spatially defined as county) components (or capitals) that influence resilience and provides a baseline of pre-existing resilience in places to enable periodic updates to measure resilience improvements. Using these two approaches as examples, this paper examines the differences and similarities in these two approaches in terms of the conceptual framing, data resolution, and representation and the resultant statistical and spatial differences in outcomes. Users of resilience measurement tools need to be keenly aware of the conceptual framing, input data, and geographic scale of any schema before implementation as these parameters can and do make a difference in the outcome even when they claim to be measuring the same concept.