Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological aspects of Aphis gossypii Glöver, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on colored lint cotton cultivars

This paper outlines the results of a study into the biological aspects of Aphis gossypii Glover on colored cotton cultivars through the construction of life tables. In addition, we evaluate the influence of density of gossypol glands and trichomes of leaves on the biology of the aphid. Tests were conducted in a climate chamber at 25 ± 2°C, with relative humidity (RH) at 70 ± 10%, and a photophase of 12 hours, using the cultivars BRS Rubi, BRS Safira, and BRS Verde. Newly hatched nymphs were individually isolated in petri dishes containing leaf discs of cotton cultivars on a layer of water-agar (1%) of approximately 5 mm thick. An evaluation of the trichomes and gossypol gland densities of the cotton leaf plants was performed under a stereomicroscope, delimited to an area of 1 cm2, and a count and identification of those on the surface was made. The feed substrates that were evaluated influenced the nymphal stage of A. gossypii. BRS Verde provided the shortest duration and BRS Safira was the longest during this phase. The cultivar BRS Verde, with the lowest density of trichomes, provided a large number of nymphs and led to a higher net reproductive rate (R0). Given these results, conclusions can be drawn that the colored cotton cultivars influence the duration of nymphal and adult stages of A. gossypii. The cultivar with a high density of trichomes on leaves (BRS Safira) adversely affects the fertility parameters of A. gossypii.
Living with ethical dilemmas : the ethical reasoning of surgeons and nurses in surgical units

Papers number 3 and 4 of the thesis are not available in Munin due to publishers' restrictions: 3. Torjuul K, Sorlie V (2006): «Nursing is different than medicine: ethical difficulties in the process of care in surgical units», Journal of Advanced Nursing 56 (4):404-413 (Blackwell). Available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006. 04013.x 4. Torjuul K, Elstad I, Sorlie V (2007): «Compassion and responsibility in surgical care», Nursing Ethics 14(4):522-534 (Sage). Available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1177/0969733007077886
Chronic coccidian infestation compromises flight feather quality in house sparrows Passer domesticus

Parasites usurp indispensable resources for birds during a moult, and this is particularly relevant for those parasites residing in host intestines. This might compromise the nutritionally demanding moult and, thus, feather functionality. Although lower feather quality has profound and multifaceted adverse effects on residual fitness, surprisingly, little is known about parasites' effect on feather traits, especially over the longer term. We conducted an aviary experiment by medicating half of a group of naturally infested house sparrows Passer domesticus against intestinal coccidians for 15 months, spanning two consecutive postnuptial moults, whereas the other half was kept infested (i.e. without medication). Coccidian infestation significantly and negatively affected the size of the uropygial gland during the second moulting period compared to the medicated group. Furthermore, wing length was significantly shorter after the second moulting in the non-medicated compared to the medicated female birds, which indicates that the negative effects of coccidians emerge only after a prolonged exposure to parasite infestation. Non-medicated birds grew poorer quality flight feathers detected in a large number of feather traits both after the first and second moults. In the case of non-medicated birds, the primaries were lighter and shorter, and had a smaller vane area, thinner rachis and decreased stiffness, although a higher barb and barbule density, which may have various consequences for fitness through reducing flight performance. Our findings demonstrate that, besides the well-known immediate consequences for host breeding success, parasites might also have serious, long-lasting effects through influencing feather quality and, ultimately, fitness of the host. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London
Fraternal Relative Deprivation of a Tribal Population in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh

The study investigated fraternal relative deprivation of a tribal population (Chakma) in connection with their education, residence and gender difference in the socio-political and economic conditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), Bangladesh. The study used a sample composed of 240 respondents. The Fraternal Relative Deprivation Scale (FRDS) was used for data collection. A 2? 2? 2 factorial design involving two levels of education (graduate vs. undergraduate), two levels of residence (urban vs. rural) and two levels of gender (male vs. female) was utilized. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for the analysis of data. Results show that undergraduate respondents expressed significantly higher intensity in perceived fraternal relative deprivation as compared to their graduate counterparts. Similarly, male respondents felt more relative deprivation as compared to the female respondents. Key words: Fraternal relative deprivatio;, tribal population; Chakma; egoistic relative deprivation; social identity DOI: 10.3329/jles.v3i0. 7442 J. Life Earth Sci., Vols. 3-4: 29-32, 2009
Canada's Active Living policy: a critical analysis

SUMMARY The shift from a rigorous prescriptive exercise model to Canada’s moderate ‘Active Living’ is examined. In its articulation as a ‘new’ and ‘unique’ approach, Active Living is reaching a critical turning point in the evolution of fitness policy in Canada. Active Living claims to represent the emergence of a new way of thinking and practice, as well as a new domain of discourse and ideology. In particular, it represents an example of a ‘top-down’ versus ‘bottom-up’ strategy for influencing the health of populations. Like the health promotion field, the literature on Active Living is replete with jargon and rhetoric. To the extent that Active Living represents a government-driven concept, a political agenda is implicit in its mandate. This article begins with an overview of the social, political and economic context underlying the evolution of Active Living. This overview sets the stage for understanding how and why Active Living was created. Following is a critical analysis of the discourse of Active Living (for example, lifestyle, empowerment, community and collaboration). An attempt is made to unpack meaning and hidden political agendas. What is revealed are the ways in which discourse has: (i) functioned to conceal power imbalances between government officials, practitioners and the community; and (ii) been appropriated by government to justify the rapid retreat of the welfare state from social responsibility for fitness and health. A discussion of the future of Active Living is provided. Here I argue that, in so far as it represents a powerful ideological mechanism for a de-centralized federal role in fitness, the thrust toward Active Living will continue.
Suitability of a UV Lamp for Trapping the Greenhouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hom: Aleyrodidae)

Due to the increase in the demand for chemical free products and increasing pest resistance to chemicals, there is an urgent need to develop chemical free crop protection methods. Research was carried out to investigate the suitability of using a special UV lamp to trap the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) in greenhouses located in the northern part of Germany. Four small tunnels were arranged in a cross-like pattern, with a black compartment in the centre. In the first experiment, the UV lamp was placed on one end above the tunnels such that the tunnels received different light intensities. For the second set of experiments, the UV lamp was positioned directly above the tunnels thereby generating equal UV intensities in all the tunnels. During each experiment, adult greenhouse whiteflies were released from the black compartment and allowed to fly into a tunnel of their choice, where they were recaptured using yellow sticky traps. Results show that significantly more whiteflies were recorded on yellow sticky traps inside the tunnels with more UV intensity. When the tunnels were illuminated with equal UV intensities, there was no significant difference in the number of whiteflies recorded in the tunnels. These results suggest that it is possible to develop a special lamp for trapping whiteflies in greenhouses.
Part Family and Operations Group Formation for RMS Using Bond Energy Algorithm

— In the present global scenario companies are forced to compete in product varieties and speed to market as well as in price. Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMSs) have been envisaged as a manufacturing paradigms to face these challenges. The foundation of RMS lies on the premise of group technology. The present work highlights the peculiarities of RMS vis a vis CMS, another group technology based manufacturing paradigm. It attempts to evolve a methodology for RMS cell formation; composition of part families and subsequently recognition of operation groups. Bond Energy Algorithm has been incorporated in the present work and considered as the foundation technique to structure the part family formation in RMS. The effectiveness of the methodology has been compared with some standard problems from the CMS cell formation literature and provides an outline for the RMS design which provides assuring manufacturing paradigm for future.
There exists a polyhedron with infinitely many left neighbors

We show that there exists a finite polyhedron P homotopy dominating infinitely many finite polyhedra Ki of different homotopy types such that there isn't any homotopy type between P and Ki. This answers negatively the question raised by K. Borsuk in 1975: Does every FANR have only finitely many left neighbors? We assume the reader to be familiar with the basic notions of shape theory. The classical works here are [B2], [DS], [MS]. Following K. Borsuk ([B2], p. 349) we call a shape Sh(X) a left neighbor of Sh(Y) iff X is shape dominated by Y, Y is not shape dominated by X, and every Z such that X is shape dominated by Z and Z is shape dominated by Y has the shape of either X or Y (in the same manner we define a right neighbor of Sh(Y)). Concerning this notion K. Borsuk asked in his monograph in 1975 ([B2], Problem (6.4), p. 349): Is it true that every FANR has only a finite number of left neighbors? We answer this question showing that there exists even a finite polyhedron with infinitely many left neighbors which are also finite polyhedra. Remark 1. Similarly, in the homotopy category of compact ANR's there were defined the so-called h-neighbors (see [B1]). Since on this category shape theory and homotopy theory coincide, we immediately obtain an example of a finite polyhedron with infinitely many left h-neighbors. Let us note that from the results of Hastings and Heller ([HaHel], [HaHe2]), there is a 1-1 correspondence between the shapes of compacta and the homotopy types of CW-complexes dominated by a given polyhedron. Hence we will work in the homotopy category of CW-complexes and homotopy classes of maps between them. Remark 2. On the other side, it is easy to find a finite polyhedron with infinitely many right neighbors. It suffices to take a point {p}, then the spheres Si, for Received by the editors February 28, 1999. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 55P55, 55P15.
Trade Openness and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration and Causality Analysis for the Newest EU Countries

This paper explores the relationship between trade openness and economic growth using data for the thirteen newest European Union members. The study covers the period of 1995â€“2013. We have applied panel cointegration and causality approaches to examine the long-run and the causal relationship between the variables. Empirical results confirm the presence of a cointegrating vector between trade openness and economic growth, in this group of the thirteen countries. An error correction model (ECM), followed by the two steps of Engle and Granger was used to capture the short and long-run dynamics. The impact of economic growth and trade openness is found to be positive. Finally, the panel Granger causality analysis reveals a unidirectional causal relationship running from trade openness to economic growth, both in the short and in the long-run.
The Lack of Consequences for Audit Committee Members Following Accounting Restatements and the Resulting Impact on Investors

I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Brian Todd Carver entitled “The Lack of Consequences for Audit Committee Members Following Accounting Restatements and the Resulting Impact on Investors. ” I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Business Administration. ___________________________ Terry L. Neal, Major Professor
Decay at infinity of solutions to partial differential equations with constant coefficients

and f(x) is a C°° function with compact support then u must also have compact support, which by the unique continuation property must be the same as that of /. More recently, Trêves [8] has investigated the following problem: Let P(D) s P((l/t") (d/dx)) be a partial differential operator with constant coefficients. If P(D)u = /, and / in C°° and has compact support, when can we conclude that u has compact support, assuming that ue£f, i.e. u is infinitely differentiable and together with its derivatives decays at infinity faster than any power of x_1? Trêves showed that for the answer to be in the affirmative it is necessary and sufficient that the complex solution manifold of each irreducible factor of the polynomial P(x) intersect RN. It seems desirable to be able to reach the conclusions of Trêves' result without the strong condition that u be rapidly decreasing at infinity, but with conditions at infinity more nearly like those in the Rellich result, i.e., decay faster than a prescibed power. For this weakening of hypothesis we must, however, pay a price i.e., one imposes greater restrictions on the polynomial P. That is the point of Theorem 1.
The provision of solar energy to rural households through a fee-for-service system

textabstractThis baseline report is part of an evaluation commissioned by the Policy and Operations Evaluation Department (IOB) of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It belongs to a series of impact evaluations of renewable energy and development programmes supported by the Netherlands, with a focus on the medium and long term effects of these programmes on end-users or final beneficiaries. A characteristic of these studies is the use of mixed methods, being quantitative research techniques, in combination with qualitative techniques, to get insight in the magnitude of effects. The purpose of the impact evaluations is to account for assistance provided and to draw lessons from the findings for improvement of policy and policy implementation. The results of these impact evaluations will be input to a policy evaluation of the “Promoting Renewable Energy Programme” (PREP) to be concluded in 2014.
Doctoral Student Learning Patterns: Learning about Active Knowledge Creation or Passive Production

Doctoral studies are about learning to create new knowledge and to become a researcher. Yet surprisingly little is known about the individual learning patterns of doctoral students. The study aims to explore learning patterns among natural science doctoral students. The participants included 19 doctoral students from a top-level natural science research community. The data were collected through interviews and qualitatively content analysed. Five qualitatively different learning patterns were identified: 1) active knowledge creator, 2) active producer, 3) active project manager, 4) passive producer and 5) conformist. The patterns differed from each other in how the participants approached their learning regarding conducting research and becoming a researcher, learning strategies and their perceptions of learning objects. This indicates that learning environments need to be adjustable to different doctoral student learning patterns. At best, by designing practices in congruence with doctoral students’ ways of learning, scholarly communities can provide flourishing environments in which doctoral students are able to become autonomous scientists who conduct high quality research. To our knowledge, doctoral students’ learning patterns have not been previously reported in doctoral education literature. This study contributed to the literature on doctoral student learning and provided new insight into the complexity of learning processes among natural science doctoral students by identifying five qualitative different learning patterns.
Temperature Biofeedback and Visual Imagery in the Treatment of Migraine Headaches

After an initial four week baseline period, during which headache activity and medication consumption were monitored, 28 migraineurs were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: (a) the biofeedback temperature warming group, (b) the visual imagery group, (c) the combined treatment group, or (d) the comparison group. All four groups continued to monitor their headache activity and medication consumption during the eight week treatment period and the eight week follow-up period. A two way analysis of variance computed on groups over time indicated a significant decrease in headache activity and medication consumption. During the follow-up period (a) the combined treatment group had significantly fewer headaches than the biofeedback group or the comparison group and (b) the visual imagery group and the combined treatment group had significantly fewer headache hours than the biofeedback group or the comparison group. These results do not appear to be attributable to differences between groups on the amount of time spent in home practice or subjective ratings of relaxation. There was no consistent relationship between increases in finger temperature and headache activity improvement. Decreases in powerful other scores, as measured by the Health Attribution Test, and increases in subjective ratings of internal control were consistent with a reduction in headache activity and medication consumption.
Selectivity Control of H 2 / O 2 Plasma Reaction for Direct Synthesis of High Purity H 2 O 2 with Desired Concentration

a: State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China b: Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L693GJ, U.K. c: School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China d: School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
Civic pride and political expediency: the enduring founding principles for local government in Germany and England

This paper highlights how the contrasting founding principles of local government in Germany and England has affected the capacity of municipalities in both countries since 1800. Drawing on detailed interviews with practitioners in the ‘twin towns’ of Newcastle and Gelsenkirchen, as well as academic literature discussing the history of local governance in the two countries, it takes a historical institutionalist perspective (March and Olsen 1989; Pierson 2000) to show how the reasons why modern local authorities were created have shaped their future activities and capacity. For example, the British Government established municipalities in England for reasons of political expediency (primarily to deal with the public health crisis caused by the Industrial Revolution), whereas their German counterparts were set up to provide a means of civic representation and foster local pride. The result is that English local authorities have generally acted as functional agents that deliver services on behalf of central government, whilst German councils are more readily viewed as the democratic embodiment of local communities. This perception, combined with the legal and resource parameters within which they operate, has meant that English local authorities have significantly less institutional capacity than their German counterparts – and therefore they usually require external support to address a particular public policy issue effectively. In contrast, German municipalities are much more able to exert hierarchical authority and shape their communities directly.
Exposure of vehicle operators to vibration and noise at a Tanzanian opencast goldmine

In this study the exposure of mining vehicle operators, on an opencast goldmine in Tanzania, to certain hazards specific to their occupation was assessed. The aim was to quantify these levels of exposure in order to estimate the risk of health effects but also to report levels of these hazards that exist on mining vehicles. Three different hazards with different physiological effects were assessed and it included exposure to whole-body vibration, A-weighted noise and low frequency noise. In each case correctly calibrated instrumentation was used and internationally accepted methods were followed. It was found that mining vehicles commonly exposed operators to levels of whole-body vibration within and above the ISO Health Guidance Caution Zone (HGCZ) and above the ropean action level, which indicates the need for intervention and control. These levels are a cause for concern and will likely lead to health effects. Noise that damages human hearing (A-weighted noise) was present in high levels on mining vehicles, in each case being higher than the permissible exposure limit of 85 d8(A). Thus operators of mining vehicles are exposed to noise levels that will damage their hearing in time. A potential hazard in the occupational world, low frequency noise, was also included in the assessment. Literature indicates that low frequency noise is capable of causing many human health effects and thus levels on mining vehicles were reported in order to give an indication of what levels may be expected in this department of mining. It was found that much of the sound energy measured on vehicles was located in the low frequency range. In the lowest frequency band measured, Leq levels of more than 100 d8(Z) were commonly found. Controls should be implemented as far as is reasonably practicable to ensure that operators are not exposed above recommended or permissible levels for each hazard. These controls can include good maintenance of vehicles and roads to reduce whole-body vibration, sound proofing of vehicle cabs along with hearing protection devices to protect hearing and further research regarding the exposure and health effeCts caused by low frequency noise. Following literature indicating the physiological effects of low frequency noise exposure and also the presence thereof in different occupations,