Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Genetic Diversity Among Wheat Varieties in Sulaimanyah using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

Genetic diversity among 11 durum and bread wheat genotypes was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. A total of 70-75 DNA fragments were amplified with 10 random decamer primers 40% (bread , and 35.7% (durum wheat) of which were polymorphic. Genetic similarity matrix based on Dice index detected coefficients ranging from 0.5 to 0.952 (bread wheat) and 0.102 to 0.917 (durum wheat). These coefficients were used to construct a dendrogram using unweighted pair group of arithmetic means (UPGMA). The bread wheat genotypes were clustered into two major groups; first group includes Cham 4 and Cham 6; and the second includes Tammuz, Aras, and Rabia. The durum wheat genotypes were classified into two groups: group 1 presents the varieties Acsad 65 and Cemmitto, and group 2 contains Creso Kurde, Creso Italy, Ovanto, and Bakrajo 1. The highest similarity among the wheat varieties was observed between Cham 4 and Cham 6 for bread wheat and Bakrajo 1 and Ovanto for the durum wheat. The most distant genotype in the dendrogram was Acsad 65 and Aras. It has been clearly shown that most of the varieties possessed narrow genetic background. The information would be helpful for future genome mapping programs as well as for the application of intellectual breeder rights. The study will also work as indicator for wheat breeders to evolve varieties with diverse genetic background to achieve sustainability in wheat production in the country فﻼﺘﺧﻻا ﺖﺳارد ﺖﻤﺗ ﻰﺛارﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ فﺎﻨﺻا ﻦﻴﺑ
A steady-state analysis of the LMS adaptive algorithm without use of the independence assumption

Current analysis of the LMS algorithm makes use of an "independence assumption" stating statistical independence of successive input vectors. This assumption conflicts with the inherent deterministic coherence of the vector input signal and, as such, is the source of conceptual and didactic difficulties. Nevertheless, due to its analytic convenience and its moderate agreement with experimental results, it is in widespread use. A theory of the steady-state behaviour of the LMS algorithm is presented that avoids the independence assumption with its inherent problems and yields a number of new results. Simulations support the analytic conclusions. A study is also included of the parameter or weight fluctuations for the well-known LMS algorithm applied to the common adaptive FIR filter structure.
Multiple perspectives on shared decision-making and interprofessional collaboration in mental healthcare

Shared decision-making is an essential element of patient-centered care in mental health. Since mental health services involve healthcare providers from different professions, a multiple perspective to shared decision-making may be valuable. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of different healthcare professionals on shared decision-making and current interprofessional collaboration in mental healthcare. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 healthcare providers from a range of professions, which included medical practitioners (psychiatrists, general practitioners), pharmacists, nurses, occupational therapists, psychologists and social workers. Findings indicated that healthcare providers supported the notion of shared decision-making in mental health, but felt that it should be condition dependent. Medical practitioners advocated a more active participation from consumers in treatment decision-making; whereas other providers (e.g. pharmacists, occupational therapists) focused more toward acknowledging consumers' needs in decisions, perceiving themselves to be in an advisory role in supporting consumers' decision-making. Although healthcare providers acknowledged the importance of interprofessional collaboration, only a minority discussed it within the context of shared decision-making. In conclusion, healthcare providers appeared to have differing perceptions on the level of consumer involvement in shared decision-making. Interprofessional roles to facilitate shared decision-making in mental health need to be acknowledged, understood and strengthened, before an interprofessional approach to shared decision-making in mental health can be effectively implemented.
Age-related decline in left ventricular filling at rest and exercise.

To determine whether the age-associated decline in resting left ventricular diastolic filling persists during aerobic exercise, rest and bicycle exercise filling indexes were measured from gated radionuclide blood pool scans in 88 healthy men aged 22-82 yr. To evaluate the effect of physical conditioning status on these age-related changes, a subset of the subjects consisted of endurance-trained senior athletes with a maximal O2 consumption of 50.5 +/- 5 compared with 32.6 +/- 7 ml.kg-1 x min-1 in age-matched controls. The contribution of beta-adrenergic stimulation to exercise-induced changes in filling was also evaluated by the administration of intravenous propranolol to another subset before testing. Peak filling rate increased progressively at all ages with increasing exercise work loads. The peak filling rates at rest, 50% maximal exercise, and maximum exercise inversely correlated with age (r = -0.64, -0.53, -0.64, respectively). Rest and exercise filling indexes in senior athletes were similar to those of sedentary older subjects. Propranolol decreased exercise peak filling rates in young (37.2 +/- 7.5 yr) but not in older (62.1 +/- 6 yr) subjects. Therefore, filling rates increase with exercise in both young and older healthy men, but age differences persist at comparable relative work loads. This decline is not secondary to a decline in physical conditioning status but appears to be related to a decrease in beta-adrenergic responsiveness in older individuals.
Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und Depressivität: Was ist ursächlich für was?

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und Depressivität sind miteinander in ihrem Auftreten assoziiert. Es bleibt die Frage, ob eine der beiden Erkrankungen ursächlich am Auftreten der anderen beteiligt ist. Methode: Systematische Literaturrecherche in Medline (deutsch und englisch) in Bezug auf prospektive, kontrollierte populationsbasierte Kohortenstudien und Meta-Analysen. Ergebnisse: Die Studien belegen sowohl eine höhere Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit von Depressivität bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes im Vergleich zu Patienten ohne diese Erkrankung als auch eine höhere Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit von Typ-2-Diabetes bei Patienten mit Depressivität, im Vergleich zu solchen Patienten ohne diese Erkrankung. Allerdings ist die Studienlage zur ersteren Beziehung weniger stabil. Diskussion: Das Wissen um die ursächliche Komorbidität hat erhebliche Bedeutung für die Versorgung, und verlangt das Erkennen der möglicherweise zugleich vorliegenden anderen Erkrankung.
Parent–child relationships and the psychological well-being of 18-year-old adolescents conceived by in vitro fertilisation

This article presents the findings of the first study to have followed up children conceived by in vitro fertilisation (IVF) to late adolescence. As close as possible to their eighteenth birthday, standardised interviews and questionnaires were administered to 26 adolescents conceived by IVF and comparison groups of 27 adolescents adopted in infancy and 56 adolescents conceived naturally by previously infertile parents. IVF adolescents were found to have good relationships with their parents that did not differ from those of adopted and natural conception adolescents. At age 18, no young person was distressed about having been conceived by IVF. The findings of this study indicate that as test-tube babies approach adulthood, they are generally functioning well.
Quantitative Measurments Concerning A and B Antigen Sites

Using 125I‐labelled anti‐A and anti‐B, the number of A and B antigen sites per red cell for samples obtained from adults of different phenotypes was estimated to be: on A1 cells, 0.81—1.17×106; on A1B cells, 0.46—0.85×105; on A2 cells, 0.24—0.29×106; on A2B cells, 0.12×106. The number of sites on A1 cells obtained from cord blood was 0.25—0.37×106, and on the single example of A2 cord cells were 0.14×108 sites. The number of B sites on adult cells were as follows: on B cells, 0.61—0.83×106; on A1B cells, 0.31—0.56×106 sites.
Depressive and disruptive disorders and mental health service utilization in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of depressive and disruptive disorders with patterns of mental health services utilization in a community sample of children and adolescents. METHOD Data were from the NIMH Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders (MECA) Study. The sample consisted of 1,285 child (ages 9-17 years) and parent/guardian pairs. Data included child psychopathology (assessed by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children), impairment, child need and use of mental health services, and family socioeconomic status. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounding factors, disruptive disorder was significantly associated with children's use of mental health services, but depressive disorder was not. For school-based services, no difference was found between the 2 types of disorders. Parents perceived greater need for mental health services for children with disruptive disorders than for those with depression. Conversely, depression was more related to children's perception of mental health service need than was disruptive disorder. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the need for more effective ways to identify and refer depressed children to mental health professionals, the importance of improving school-based services to meet children's needs, and the necessity to better educate parents and teachers regarding the identification of psychiatric disorders, especially depression.
Conditional deletion of Indian hedgehog from collagen type 2α1‐expressing cells results in abnormal endochondral bone formation

Indian hedgehog (Ihh) is actively involved in endochondral bone formation. Although expression of Ihh is mostly restricted to pre‐hypertrophic chondrocytes, the role of chondrocyte‐derived Ihh in endochondral bone formation is not completely understood. To address such unresolved issues, we used the Cre/loxP approach to generate mice (Col2α1Cre; Ihhd/Ihhd) in which the Ihh gene was selectively ablated from collagen type II expressing cells. Mutant mice were born with the expected ratio of Mendelian inheritance, but died shortly after birth and were smaller in size, exhibiting malformed and retarded growth of limbs with severe skeletal deformities. Alizarin red S staining showed abnormal mineralization of axial and appendicular bones. Histological analysis of mutant long bones revealed abnormal endochondral bone formation with loss of a normal growth plate. In addition, in vivo bromo‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) labelling showed a marked decrease in chondrocyte proliferation. A delay in chondrocyte hypertrophy in Col2α1Cre; Ihhd/Ihhd mice was detected by the expression of collagen type X and osteopontin, using in situ hybridization. Furthermore, there was no expression of bone markers such as collagen type I, bone Gla protein, Runx2/Cbfa1 or PTH‐R in the perichondrium of mutant mice, indicating the absence of osteoblasts from endochondral bones. Thus, selective loss of chondrocyte‐derived Ihh recapitulated the defects in Ihh−/− animals, providing direct in vivo evidence that Ihh not only regulates chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation but also exerts effects on osteoblast differentiation. Understanding the exact functions of the molecules involved in endochondral bone formation will form the basis for further study to determine the molecular mechanisms of skeletal diseases involving various cellular components of bone. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emotional wellbeing and violence among social and solitary risky single occasion drinkers in adolescence.

OBJECTIVES To classify adolescents according to risky single occasion drinking (RSOD) and their level of social integration, and to test whether these groups (social non-RSODs, social RSODs, solitary non-RSODs, solitary RSODs) differ in terms of emotional well-being and violence-related variables. METHOD K-means cluster and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed based on a cross-sectional national representative sample of 3861 8th and 9th graders in Switzerland (mean age 15.3; SD = 0.88). RESULTS Although RSODs in general appear to be more violent, social RSODs tend to be more violent than solitary RSODs. Although RSODs reveal a lower life satisfaction generally and tend to have more depressive moods, solitary RSODs are even less satisfied and more depressive. In addition, the latter tend to have lower self-esteem and are more often victims of bullying. CONCLUSIONS RSODs are not a homogeneous group of adolescents and preventive efforts, such as competence-enhancing and social resistance programmes, should be applied in accordance with the constellation of associated problems: solitary RSODs appear to be socially inhibited, depressive and often victims of bullying, whereas social RSODs appear to be socially accepted but are prone to be violent offenders.
Inertial Sensor-Based Feedback Can Reduce Key Risk Metrics for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury During Jump Landings

Background: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can be decreased through the use of intervention programs. However, the success of these programs is dependent on access to a skilled trainer who provides feedback; as such, these programs would benefit from a simple device with the capacity to provide high-quality feedback. Hypothesis: Feedback based on kinematic measurements from a simple inertial sensor-based system can be used to modify key ACL injury risk metrics (knee flexion angle, trunk lean, knee abduction moment) during jump landing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Seventeen subjects (7 male) were tested during drop jump tasks. Their movements were measured simultaneously with inertial, optoelectronic, and force platform systems. Feedback provided to the subjects was based only on measurements from the inertial sensor-based system (knee flexion angle, trunk lean, and thigh coronal velocity). The subjects conducted a baseline session (without landing instructions), then a training session (with immediate feedback), and finally an evaluation session (without feedback). The baseline and evaluation sessions were then tested for changes in the key risk metrics. Results: The subjects increased their knee flexion angle (16.2°) and trunk lean (17.4°) after the training. They also altered their thigh coronal angular velocity by 29.4 deg/s and reduced their knee abduction moment by 0.5 %BW·Ht. There was a significant correlation (R2 = 0.55) between the change in thigh coronal angular velocity and the change in knee abduction moment. Conclusion: Subjects reduced key risk metrics for ACL injury after training with the system, suggesting the potential benefit of instrumented feedback for interventional training. Clinical Relevance: Interventional training for reducing the risk of ACL injury could be improved with a simple device that provides immediate feedback.
Here today, gone tomorrow: Short‐term retention of pesticide‐induced tolerance in amphibians

Pesticide use has led to the ubiquitous contamination of natural habitats, which has inadvertently increased pesticide tolerance in target and nontarget species. Historically, increased pesticide tolerance has been attributed to natural selection for tolerance among individuals of affected populations. Recent research, however, has discovered that pesticide tolerance can be increased through phenotypic plasticity. Although induced pesticide tolerance may benefit organisms experiencing contaminated systems, little is known about its occurrence in vertebrates, its retention through ontogeny, or potential life history tradeoffs. Using time‐to‐death assays at 2 distinct developmental windows, the authors discovered that gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor) tadpoles exposed to sublethal concentrations (0 mg a.i./L, 0.5 mg a.i./L, and 1.0 mg a.i./L) of the insecticide Sevin® (carbaryl) early in life increased their pesticide tolerance to a lethal carbaryl concentration 5 d after sublethal exposure. However, this increased tolerance was not retained later in ontogeny (23 d post‐sublethal exposure). Moreover, no indication was found of pesticide‐induced treefrogs experiencing life‐history tradeoffs in terms of survival to metamorphosis, mass, or snout–vent length. Gray treefrogs are only the second vertebrate species and the second amphibian family to exhibit pesticide‐induced tolerance after sublethal exposure. The authors' data suggest that the ability to induce increased pesticide tolerance may play a critical role in amphibian survival in contaminated ecosystems. However, future work is needed to test the occurrence of inducible pesticide tolerance among numerous amphibian populations worldwide. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2295–2301. © 2015 SETAC
An unusual etiology of torsade de pointes-induced syncope

Corresponding author: Marco Morosin MD Cardiovascular Deptartment Ospedali Riuniti Trieste Marco Morosin Via Valdoni 7 34149 Trieste, Italy Phone: +39 0403994477 E-mail: marco.morosin01@ gmail.com 1 Cardiovascular Department “Ospedali Riuniti” Trieste and Postgraduate School Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Trieste and Cardiology Department “Santa Maria degli Angeli” Hospital, Pordenone, Italy 2 Cardiology Department, ARC. “Santa Maria degli Angeli” Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
Impaired recognition of facial emotion in mania.

OBJECTIVE Recognition of facial emotion was examined in manic subjects to explore whether aberrant interpersonal interactions are related to impaired perception of social cues. METHOD Manic subjects with bipolar I disorder (N=8), euthymic subjects with bipolar I (N=8) or bipolar II (N=8) disorder, and healthy comparison subjects (N=10) matched pictures of faces to the words "fear," "disgust," "anger," "sadness," "surprise," and "happiness. " RESULTS The manic subjects showed worse overall recognition of facial emotion than all other groups. They showed worse recognition of fear and disgust than the healthy subjects. The euthymic bipolar II disorder subjects showed greater fear recognition than the manic and euthymic bipolar I disorder subjects. CONCLUSIONS Impaired perception of facial emotion may contribute to behaviors in mania. Impaired recognition of fear and disgust, with relatively preserved recognition of other basic emotions, contrasts with findings for depression and is consistent with a mood-congruent positive bias.
Novel imatinib-loaded silver nanoparticles for enhanced apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Abstract In the current study, in vitro biological feature of imatinib-loaded silver nanoparticles (IMAB-AgNPs) on human breast cancer cell line was investigated. The formation of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, EDS, TEM imaging, SEM, FTIR, DLS and Zeta potentiometer. The developed IMAB-AgNPs with maximum percentage of loading efficiency was demonstrated in the average of 130 nm and mostly spherical. Additionally, in vitro drug release study showed a slow and continuous release of imatinib over a period of 80 h. We demonstrated that the synthesized IMAB-AgNPs exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line. Then, real-time PCR method was also applied for the investigation of Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression in the cells. Comparing IMAB-AgNPs to AgNPs and Imatinib revealed the ability of IMAB-AgNPs to up-regulating Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. An induction of apoptosis was evidenced by Annexin–V/PI detection assay. Based on the current obtained data, the IMAB-AgNPs can exhibit inhibitory effect on viability through up regulation of apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells, which provides influencing evidence for the green synthesized AgNPs as a promising sustained drug delivery system.
Normal human urothelial cells in vitro: proliferation and induction of stratification.

BACKGROUND The purpose of the work was to establish urothelium as an in vitro model for the study of proliferation, stratification, and differentiation in "complex" epithelia. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Normal human urothelial cells were cultured in a serum-free medium. The effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), cholera toxin (CT), extracellular calcium and 13-cis-retinoic acid on cell growth, morphology, phenotype, and cytodifferentiation were studied using phase-contrast microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence. Stratification-related changes were additionally analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Under optimized conditions, long-term cultures were successful in 44 (74.5%) out of 59 specimens. Bacterial infection was the most common cause of failure (9 cases). Primary urothelial cells required an initial plating density of > or = 10(4) cells/cm2 for survival; passaged cells survived much lower plating densities (> or = 2.5 x 10(2) cells/cm2). CT significantly improved cell attachment, but neither CT nor EGF were essential for growth. By contrast, cells failed to proliferate without bovine pituitary extract. In media containing bovine pituitary extract, CT, and EGF, cultures had a mean population doubling time of 14.7 +/- 1.8 hours, maintained a nonstratified phenotype, and expressed the cytokeratin (CK) profile of basal/intermediate urothelium: CK7, CK8, CK17, CK18 and CK19, with variable expression of CK13. CK20 was not expressed in vitro. CK14 and CK16 were also expressed, suggestive of squamous metaplasia in culture, which could be inhibited with 13-cis-retinoic acid. Increasing extracellular calcium from 0.09 to 0.9-4.0 mM slowed cell proliferation, induced stratification and desmosome formation, and increased expression of E-cadherin. High calcium, EGF, CT, and retinoic acid did not induce markers of late/terminal urothelial cytodifferentiation. CONCLUSIONS We describe a simplified technique for the isolation and long-term culture of human urothelial cells. Urothelial cells in vitro are capable of rapid proliferation and can be induced to form integrated stratifying cell layers in high calcium medium. Stratification-related changes are not necessarily accompanied by urothelial cell maturation and differentiation.
Human action recognition based on locality constrained linear coding and two-dimensional spatial-temporal templates

Human action recognition is a challenging and active research area in computer vision. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective method, called the locality-constrained linear coding (LLC) based two-dimensional spatial-temporal templates, to learn a discriminative representation for human action recognition. Our proposed method calculates twodimensional spatial-temporal templates from each human action sequence as the global features to describe the human action information. To describe the local detailed features better, we construct a multi-layer patches descriptor by spatial pyramid matching (SPM) method. And we encode the patches descriptor by using LLC algorithm to obtain a coding with underlying properties of better construction and local smooth sparsity for human action recognition. To evaluate the proposed method, we evaluate and compare our algorithm with some state-of-the-art methods on both Weizmann and DHA datasets. Experimental results show that our method outperforms some state-of-the-art methods.