Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactions between Indole-3-acetic Acid Producing Acinetobacter sp. SW5 and Growth of Tomato Plant

Many rhizobacteria can promote plant growth through various direct or indirect mechanisms, and their production of phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) may have pronounced effects on growth and development of plants. Rhizobacterial strain isolated from rhizosphere of foxtail (Setaria viridis), Acinetobacter sp. SW5 produced 118.1 mg/L of IAA and 4.5 mg/L of gibberellin (GA3) in brain heart broth medium at 2 and 1 day of incubation, respectively. In a pot test the lengths of stem and root and fresh weight of the germinated tomato seedlings treated with Acinetobacter sp. SW5 significantly increased by 26.3, 33.3, and 105.3%, respectively compared to those of the uninoculated control in 12 weeks of cultivation. When the root exudate secreted from tomato seedlings was analyzed by HPLC, 3.75 ng mg tomato root -1 of tryptophan which is an IAA precursor was detected. Acinetobacter sp. SW5 could produce 4.06 μM of IAA from root exudate from 8 tomato seedlings. Together with the capability of growth of Acinetobacter sp. SW5 in the tomato root exudates, this IAA secreted by bacteria might contribute to enhance the growth of tomato plants.
Optimization of a Standard Bidirectional DWDM Solution

In this paper a standard bidirectional DWDM solution is taken for further research. Basing on ITU standards and available resources we have taken a real-working bidirectional 72.8 km reach DWDM system with 40 Gbit/s total capacity for further research. The system terminates four 10 Gbit/s channels and transports them through optical fiber to the total distance of 72.8 km. According to investigated DWDM system we have created a simulation scheme in OptSim software with the real parameters of all modules. In order to prove the accuracy of simulation, its results are compared with the real ones. The goal of this paper is to modify the simulation scheme and to gain results for further optimization of bidirectional DWDM solution. Ill. 8, bibl. 6 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian). http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eee. 115.9. 745
New Architecture towards Ultrathin CdTe Solar Cells for High Conversion Efficiency

Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator in 1 Dimension (SCAPS-1D) is used to investigate the possibility of realizing ultrathin CdTe based solar cells with high and stable conversion efficiency. In the first step, we modified the conventional cell structure by substituting the CdS window layer with a CdS:O film having a wide band gap ranging from 2.42 to 3.17 eV. Thereafter, we simulated the quantum efficiency, as well as the parameters of J-V characteristics, and showed how the thickness of CdS:O layer influences output parameters of Glass/SnO2/ZTO/CdS:O/CdT/CdTe/Ni reference cell. High conversion efficiency of 17.30% has been found using CdT () and CdTe layers of thickness 15 nm and 4 μm, respectively. Secondly, we introduced a BSR layer between the absorber layer and back metal contact, which led to Glass/SnO2/ZTO/CdS:O/CdT/CdTe/BSR/Ni configuration. We found that a few nanometers (about 5 nm) of CdT layer is sufficient to obtain high conversion efficiency. For BSR layer, different materials with large band gap, such as ZnTe, Cu2Te, and p
PICKUP ELECTRODE ELECTRODYNAMICS INVESTIGATION

We conducted a model-based investigation of wave excitation and propagation in pickup electrode structures up to the times of the order of gap length over c. A short pulse in a TEM line was used to model a bunch. We developed a capacitive-probe-based technique for wave electric field measurements. The probe signals were measured by a 20GHz oscilloscope. We introduced an elementary electrode structure as a one-gap transverse flat thin electrode. It was found that in the gap between the electrode and wall, a shorter-than-gap bunch excites a TElike packet which length is of the order of gap length over c. The packet propagates forward along the electrode to a coaxial connector. At this low impedance common point the packet partially reflects back and partially passes into the opposite gap. The voltage appearing at the impedance excites two TEM-wave packets: one propagates backwards, another one propagates forward through connector. The three packets propagating backwards reflect at the electrode end and come back to the summing point and generate output in a similar way. The same processes occur in a two-gap electrode. This phenomenological picture can be used as a guide in pickup design and simulation.
Endobronchial ultrasound: a guide to mediastinal disorders

In the last decade endobronchial ultrasound with real-time guided needle aspiration (EBUS-NA) has been recognized worldwide as a tool with remarkable impact on routine clinical practice. In the present review article, we focus on specific disease-related features of EBUS-NA, including diagnosis and staging of thoracic malignancies, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and its role in the evaluation of isolated enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. We also address some less common conditions and discuss emerging and future developments in EBUS technique.
Topological dynamics of spike-timing dependent plastic neural networks

The effects of continual spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) on the topology of evolving neural networks were assessed. After a period of stabilization, a number of topological features were monitored periodically throughout simulations of network activity to quantify changes in network structure. Under a range of different input regimes and initial network configurations, each network maintained a robust and highly stable global structure. At the same time, a substantial set of small three-neuron subgraphs (triads) continued to undergo an array of changes and revealed a dynamic local topology. These findings suggest that on-going STDP provides an efficient means of selecting and maintaining a stable yet flexible network organization.
COGNITIVE CONTROL IN MOTOR SEQUENCE LEARNINGAN ANALYSIS OF POST-ERROR SLOWING AND SEQUENCE SWITCHING OVER THE LIFESPAN

This study investigated the role of cognitive control in motor sequence learning over the lifespan. The differences in the phenomena “post-error slowing (PES)” and “sequence switching (SS)” in motor sequence learning were analyzed for four age groups. Both phenomena had already been demonstrated for simple reaction times tasks, but in this study it was investigated if they did also emerge in more complex tasks. An existing data-set, collected in three previously performed studies, was analyzed. The data was gathered from participants from four age groups; children, young adults, middle-aged and elderly people; 96 participants in total. They all performed a discrete sequence production task (DSP task), whereby a distinction could be made between short (3-key) and long (6-key) sequences. Results confirmed the hypothesis that PES developed in an U-shaped form, but this is only the case for the short sequences, not for the long sequences. The young adults show the least signs of PES. Likewise, for the SS data the development occurred in an U-shaped form, but only for the short sequences, not for the long sequences. In conclusion, it is stated that both PES and SS showed an U-shaped form in their development over the lifespan, but only at the short sequences. Future research should focus on sequences longer than three key presses, to discover their exact development over the lifespan.
Impact of NERICA Adoption on Incomes of Rice-Producing Households in Northern Ghana

The Multinational NERICA Rice Dissemination Project in Ghana promoted the adoption of NERICA varieties and complementary technologies. NERICA adoption was expected to increase rice production and the incomes of beneficiary households. This study assessed the impact of NERICA adoption on the incomes of rice-producing households in northern Ghana. With data from a cross-section of 150 systematically selected rice-producing households, the study revealed 36.7% adoption rate. Agriculture and rice production were the most important livelihood activities as they contributed 80% and 55.09% of total household income respectively. To control for endogeneity, the study used the local average treatment effect (LATE) estimation methodology and showed that NERICA adoption significantly increased rice income, agricultural income, per-capita income and total annual income by $196.52, $446.37, $0.44 and $498.44, respectively. The major recommendation from this study is the need to continue the promotion of the NERICA varieties by creating access to seeds of the varieties together with other productivity enhancing technologies. Efforts should be focused on the provision of marketing and roads infrastructure to induce access to input and product markets.
Metastable hydrogen absorption in ejecta close to ? Carinae

Spectroscopy with the high spatial resolution of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) reveals narrow absorption in the hydrogen Balmer lines in spectra of Eta Carinae and the nearby nebular-scattered starlight. While hydrogen Balmer absorption lines are seen in stellar photospheres and winds, we are not aware of such being seen in galactic nebulae. This exceptional case is caused by intense stellar UV radiation acting on high-density neutral clumps of gas in the close vicinity of the central source. The interaction of the UV radiation with hydrogen results in photo-ionization and photo-excitation leading to a non-equilibrium population of the metastable 2s S-2 level. This occurs throughout the equatorial region surrounding eta Carinae in sufficient quantity to produce strong narrow absorption on top of the broad P Cygni emission profile. This absorption can be considered to be a probe of the very non-uniform ejecta in the disk region surrounding eta Carinae. (Less)
Alcohol use on premises of gas stations of Porto Alegre , Brazil : pilot study

INTRODUCTION: Alcohol use is a strong predictor of traffic accidents. This paper reports feasibility issues and preliminary data on blood alcohol concentration among youth who drink alcohol on gas station premises in Porto Alegre, Brazil. METHOD: It used cross-sectional design with a purposive sample stratified by age and gender. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, and blood alcohol concentration was estimated with breath alcohol analyzers. RESULTS: Refusal rate was 13.7% and blood alcohol concentration over 0.06% was found in 35.5% (CI95% 24.3-47.9) of the sample. Almost 10% of those subjects (18% of the males) reported they would drive within 2 hours of their interview. DISCUSSION: We discuss the potential utilization of such measures as well as the need for studies on substance use among young Brazilian drivers.
Organizational Bullying and Women Stress in Workplace

Purpose: Women in the various governmental and private organizations are significantly enhanced in recentyears and have got the specific role in the knowledge based economy as productive human resource. Theattendance of women in society is dominantly effective when the vital circumstances are provided for theirpresence. One of the obstructions in women’s path is the organizational bullying which expose stress to womenand disturb their mental and physical tranquility. The purpose of this paper is to review the relationship oforganizational bullying and stress.Methodology: sample comprises the women clerks in Tehran University and 285 individuals are considered assample. For data gathering, we chose questionnaire by 5 choices Likert scale with 25 questions fororganizational bullying and 25 ones for stress. Also, we analyzed the data by the method of factor analysis andspearman correlation.Findings: The findings depicted the dominance of recognizing the stressful factors in workplace and proposingsome tricks to deteriorate them.Conclusion: The results illustrate that relationship between the bullying and stress in significant. It sounds thatsome factors such as unawareness of women of their rights, unawareness of an accurate definitions of bullying,unfamiliarity with its elements and neglecting them in the workplaces and finally, approval of masculinity haveentails in emergence of the passive position from women in this regard.
Recalculated diet and daily ration of the shortfin mako ( Isurus oxyrinchus ), with a focus on quantifying predation on bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the northwest Atlantic Ocean

The diet and daily ration of the shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the northwest Atlantic were re-examined to determine whether fluctuations in prey abundance and availability are reflected in these two biological variables. During the summers of 2001 and 2002, stomach content data were collected from fishing tournaments along the northeast coast of the United States. These data were quantified by using four diet indices and were compared to index calculations from historical diet data collected from 1972 through 1983. Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) were the predominant prey in the 1972–83 and 2001–02 diets, accounting for 92.6% of the current diet by weight and 86.9% of the historical diet by volume. From the 2001– 02 diet data, daily ration was estimated and it indicated that shortfin makos must consume roughly 4.6% of their body weight per day to fulfill energetic demands. The daily energetic requirement was broken down by using a calculated energy content for the current diet of 4909 KJ/kg. Based on the proportional energy of bluefish in the diet by weight, an average shortfin mako consumes roughly 500 kg of bluefish per year off the northeast coast of the United States. The results are discussed in relation to the potential effect of intense shortfin mako predation on bluefish abundance in the region.
Assessing the impact of multiple altimeter missions and Argo in a global eddy-permitting data assimilation system

Abstract. A series of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) is carried out with a global data assimilation system at 1∕4° resolution using simulated data derived from a 1∕12° resolution free-run simulation. The objective is to not only quantify how well multiple altimeter missions and Argo profiling floats can constrain the global ocean analysis and 7-day forecast at 1∕4° resolution but also to better understand the sensitivity of results to data assimilation techniques used in Mercator Ocean operational systems. The impact of multiple altimeter data is clearly evidenced even at a 1∕4° resolution. Seven-day forecasts of sea level and ocean currents are significantly improved when moving from one altimeter to two altimeters not only on the sea level, but also on the 3-D thermohaline structure and currents. In high-eddy-energy regions, sea level and surface current 7-day forecast errors when assimilating one altimeter data set are respectively 20 and 45 % of the error of the simulation without assimilation. Seven-day forecasts of sea level and ocean currents continue to be improved when moving from one altimeter to two altimeters with a relative error reduction of almost 30 %. The addition of a third altimeter still improves the 7-day forecasts even at this medium 1∕4° resolution and brings an additional relative error reduction of about 10 %. The error level of the analysis with one altimeter is close to the 7-day forecast error level when two or three altimeter data sets are assimilated. Assimilating altimeter data also improves the representation of the 3-D ocean fields. The addition of Argo has a major impact on improving temperature and demonstrates the essential role of Argo together with altimetry in constraining a global data assimilation system. Salinity fields are only marginally improved. Results derived from these OSSEs are consistent with those derived from experiments with real data (observing system evaluations, OSEs) but they allow for more detailed characterisation of errors on analyses and 7-day forecasts. Both OSEs and OSSEs should be systematically used and intercompared to test data assimilation systems and quantify the impact of existing observing systems.
Crowding out Effect of Foreign Aid in Selected Developing Countries: Panel Data Evidence

Public sector decision-makers are faced with the task of allocating resources among different alternative subject due budgetary constraints. In this paper Official Development Assistance (ODA) data have been considered as foreign aid. ODA is channeled through the public sector of recipient countries and, hence, the ultimate effect of ODA on savings or economic growth depends on how governments respond to it. This paper tries to explore the impact of official development assistance on public sector behavior in selected developing countries and contribute to the fiscal response literature on two main grounds. First, it specifies a fiscal response model. Second, using panel data model for a sample of 25 aid recipient countries in Asia and Latin America over the period 1991-2010. Empirical results indicate that official development assistance has a positive and significant effect on government investment expenditure, but it has not significantly impact on government current expenditures. Results also show that ODA crowds out both government revenue and public borrowing.
Students with Disabilities Choosing Science Technology Engineering and Math (STEM) Majors in Postsecondary Institutions.

Many science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) studies have focused on issues related to underrepresented groups’ participation in STEM disciplines. Most of these studies have targeted women and individuals from racial minorities as the underrepresented groups of interest, while little attention has been paid to people with disabilities. Extracting a nationally represented sample of students with disabilities from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2, this study investigated whether and to what extent the selected demographic and academic factors predict STEM major choices by type of postsecondary institutions. Based on the literature on STEM students without disabilities, logistic regression analyses yielded both expected and unexpected results. As expected, female students with disabilities were substantially underrepresented in STEM majors in all types of postsecondary institutions. At 2-year or community colleges, White and Asian-American students with disabilities substantially dominated STEM majors over other racial groups. At 4-year postsecondary institutions, students with disabilities who enrolled in STEM majors showed higher high school GPA in math compared to non-STEM students with disabilities. Unexpectedly, at 4-year as well as vocational and technical postsecondary institutions, students with disabilities from lower-income backgrounds were significantly more likely to choose STEM majors compared to their counterparts. The results provide insights into career and academic resources that can help students with disabilities prepare for STEM careers.
Particle Dynamics in Damped Nonlinear Quadrupole Ion Traps

We examine the motions of particles in quadrupole ion traps as a function of damping and trapping forces, including cases where nonlinear damping or nonlinearities in the electric field geometry play significant roles. In the absence of nonlinearities, particles are either damped to the trap center or ejected, while their addition brings about a rich spectrum of stable closed particle trajectories. In three-dimensional (3D) quadrupole traps, the extended orbits are typically confined to the trap axis, and for this case we present a 1D analysis of the relevant equation of motion. We follow this with an analysis of 2D quadrupole traps that frequently show diamond-shaped closed orbits. For both the 1D and 2D cases we present experimental observations of the calculated trajectories in microparticle ion traps. We also report the discovery of a new collective behavior in damped 2D microparticle ion traps, where particles spontaneously assemble into a remarkable knot of overlapping, corotating diamond orbits, self-stabilized by air currents arising from the particle motion.
The effects of slaughter weight and sex on some slaughter traits of Akkaraman and Morkaraman and Turkish Merino lambs.

Akkaraman, Morkaraman ve Turk Merinosu kuzularda bazi kesim ozelliklerine kesim agirligi ve cinsiyetin etkisi incelenmistir. Arastirmanin hayvan materyalini 219 Akkaraman (181 erkek ve 38 disi), 54 Morkaraman (32 erkek ve 22 disi) ve 73 Turk Merinosu (47 erkek ve 26 disi) kuzu olusturmustur. Her irk icin 5 kg sinif araligina sahip gruplar olusturulmustur. Veriler en kucuk kareler yontemi ile analiz edilmistir. Karkas randimani, Akkaraman, Morkaraman ve Turk Merinosu kuzularda bos canli agirlikla birlikte az bir seviyede artis gostermistir. Bos canli agirligin karkas randimanina etkisi Akkaraman ve Morkaraman kuzularda onemli (p<0.01, p<0.05), cinsiyetin etkisi ise her uc irkta da onemsiz olmustur. Her uc irkta da bos canli agirlikta artisla birlikte bas, ayak ve sindirim sisteminin (bos) oranlari azalmis, kuyruk orani ile kalin ve ince barsak uzunluklari artmistir. Bu ozelliklere bos canli agirligin etkisi onemli (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001), cinsiyetin etkisi ise onemsiz olmustur
Employment of morphometric variables to assess nutritional condition of Argentine anchovy larvae Engraulis anchoita Hubbs & Marini, 1935

Las causas mas importantes de mortalidad larval son la depredacion e inanicion. Esta ultima puede ser estimada mediante el estudio de la condicion nutricional. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la condicion nutricional de larvas de E. anchoita empleando tecnicas morfometricas en tres areas del mar Argentino con diferentes caracteristicas hidrograficas para establecer variaciones regionales e interpoblacionales: area costera de El Rincon, Plataforma Continental y zona de frentes de marea de Peninsula Valdes. Las larvas provenientes de El Rincon presentaron una tasa de crecimiento mas elevada (pendiente de la curva de crecimiento = 3,575) pero menores indices de condicion de Fulton (15,71 ± 3,58, n = 41) y Le Cren (0,63 ± 0,13, n = 41) en comparacion con los especimenes recolectados en las otras dos zonas (P < 0,001). El analisis de componentes principales empleando variables morfometricas y el peso, mostro la separacion de larvas provenientes de El Rincon con respecto a otras capturadas en las restantes areas. Estos resultados podrian ser explicados como una consecuencia de un incremento en la mortalidad denso dependiente o por competencia por el alimento en el area de El Rincon debido a un ano en el que se registro una produccion larval excepcionalmente elevada. Nuestros resultados muestran que el uso de las variables morfometricas y el peso permiten hallar diferencias en la tasa de crecimiento y la condicion nutricional de las larvas de anchoita recolectadas en areas caracterizadas por escenarios oceanograficos diferentes.
Control of Busseola fusca and Chilo partellus stem borers by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)--endotoxins from Cry1Ab gene Event MON810 in greenhouse containment trials

Previous testing of several public Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-maize events did not show control of the African stem borer (Busseola fusca Fuller), an important stem borer species, without which stewardship would be compromised by the possibility of rapid development of resistance to Bt deltaendotoxins. This study was carried out to test Bt-maize Event MON810 as an option to control all major stem borer species in Kenya. Two Bt-maize hybrids, DKC8073YG and DKC8053YG, both containing Bt Event MON810 of Cry1Ab gene were imported to carry out greenhouse containment trials. The hybrids together with the controls were grown in 10 replications upto the V6 and V8 stages. Infestations on whole plants were carried out at two stages of growth using 5 neonates of the spotted stem borer (Chilo partellus Swinhoe) and B. fusca. Bt-maize Event MON810 hybrids showed resistance to both stem borer species with low leaf damage scores and few surviving larvae recovered from the whole plant. The public Bt-maize Event 223 did not control B. fusca. Deploying Bt-maize Event MON810 may, therefore, be used to control the two species of stem borers. However, the efficacy of Bt-maize Event MON810 will, need to be evaluated under field environments.