Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large Eddy Simulation of a Bluff Body Stabilized Lean Premixed Flame

The present study is devoted to verify current capabilities of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methodology in the modeling of lean premixed flames in the typical turbulent combustion regime of Dry Low gas turbine combustors. A relatively simple reactive test case, presenting all main aspects of turbulent combustion interaction and flame stabilization of gas turbine lean premixed combustors, was chosen as an affordable test to evaluate the feasibility of the technique also in more complex test cases. A comparison between LES and RANS modeling approach is performed in order to discuss modeling requirements, possible gains, and computational overloads associated with the former. Such comparison comprehends a sensitivity study to mesh refinement and combustion model characteristic constants, computational costs, and robustness of the approach. In order to expand the overview on different methods simulations were performed with both commercial and open-source codes switching from quasi-2D to fully 3D computations.
Nesting of the Pectoral Sparrow (Arremon taciturnus) in Southeastern Peru

Abstract We report the first detailed account of the breeding biology of the Pectoral Sparrow (Arremon taciturnus). We found 15 dome nests, each containing two eggs in a spherical interior chamber. Eggs were variable in color, ranging from immaculate glossy white to white heavily spotted with brown. Incubation patterns were obtained for six nests for time spans that ranged from 1 to 15 days for a total of 28 days across nests. Incubation in all nests was solely by the female, spending an average of 57% (range = 20–65%) of daylight incubating, leaving the nest an average of 7.4 times per day (range = 4–7) with an average trip length of 46.4 min (range = 6–263 min.). Nest temperature averaged 29.2 ± 2.64° C when the female was incubating and decreased to 26.6 ± 2.43° C during incubation recess. Eggs in only two nests hatched and were monitored for 2 and 9 days. The male provided the young with 75% of the food. Nestlings gained an average of 2.53 g per day. Incubation, provisioning behavior, and egg coloration were similar to other species of Arremon; however, nest shape, location, and materials differ among species.
Decoupling spectral induced polarisation data based on Cole-Cole parameters

All resistivity/induced polarisation (IP) data are contaminated to varying degrees by inductive coupling. Spectral IP (SIP) data sets are usually more affected than conventional IP data sets as data are collected at higher frequencies, where coupling is stronger. For SIP surveys interpretation is based on examination of the phase response over the entire frequency range so it is necessary to use relatively sophisticated methods to remove coupling. Unfortunately, most of the methods described in the literature are complicated to implement, or are not described well enough to be practical. Pelton et al. suggest a method for decoupling based on the commonly used Cole-Cole equation that is relatively simple to implement using a Monte Carlo examination of the solution space. In this approach the Cole-Cole response is separated into two terms, the ground response and the inductive response. For each data spectrum, a random number generator is used to determine a set of test values for each the seven parameters in the extended Cole-Cole equation. The values for each of the seven variables are limited to “reasonable” levels based on initial testing of the solution space. The randomly generated Cole-Cole parameters are then used to generate magnitude and phase responses at the frequencies used for the survey. These are compared with the field data and the fit is calculated. This is run 1 million times for each data point and the best fit chosen from the complete run. Results from this study are encouraging, but the method requires refinement.
SELF-Eli FICACY DURING STUDENT TEACHING

This study investigated changes in teaching efficacy during student teaching using a modified version of the Teacher Efficacy Scale. The study occurred over three-quarters of one academic year, with the survey instrument administered to all student teachers at one small, private college during student teaching orientation. Students were placed in a variety of student teaching settings, mainly in suburban schools. During the final 2 weeks of student teaching, all preservice teachers completed the instrument again. A total of 100 usable forms were obtained over the three quarters. Data analysis indicated that the group as a whole showed a statistically significant gain in efficacy as a result of student teaching, though there were differences between elementary and secondary preservice teachers. There were no statistically significant changes by gender in scores between pretest and posttest. The results suggest that preservice teachers' efficacy prior to student teaching is a reasonable predictor of efficacy after student teaching ends. The survey is appended. (Contains 10 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. SELF-Eli FICACY DURING STUDENT TEACHING Dr. Cheryl K. Fortman Bluffton College 280 W. College Ave. Bluffton, Ohio 45817 e-mail: fortmanc@bluffton.edu Dr. Richard Pontius Montana State University Northern Education Department Havre, Montana 59501 e-mail: rpontius@msu.edu Presented at MVVERA Chicago, IL October 25-28, 2000 1 SCOPE OF INTEREST NOTICE The ERIC Facility has assigned this document for processing to: In our judgment, this document is also of interest to the Clearinghouses noted to the right. Indexing should reflect their special points of view. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Clinician and Staff Perspectives on Participating in Practice-based Research (PBR): A Report from the Wisconsin Research and Education Network (WREN)

Background: The success of practice-based research (PBR) depends on the willingness of clinicians and staff to incorporate meaningful and useful research protocols into already demanding clinic schedules. The impact of participation on those who implement multiple projects and how to address the issues that arise during this complex process remain incompletely described. This article reports a qualitative evaluation of the experiences of primary care clinicians and clinic staff who participated in multiple PBR projects with the Wisconsin Research and Education Network (WREN). Also included are their suggestions to researchers and clinicians for future collaborations. Methods: For program evaluation purposes, WREN conducted 4 focus groups at its 2014 annual meeting. The main focus group question was, “How has participation in PBR affected you and your clinic? ” A total of 27 project members from 13 clinics participated in 4 groups (physicians, nurses, managers, and other clinical staff). The 2-hour sessions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify recurring themes. Results: Five major focus group themes emerged: receptivity to research, outcomes as a result of participation, barriers to implementation, facilitators of success, and advice to researchers and colleagues. Focus group members find research valuable and enjoy participating in projects that are relevant to their practice, even though many barriers exist. They indicated that research participation produces clinical changes that they believe result in improved patient care. They offered ways to improve the research process, with particular emphasis on collaborative early planning, project development, and communication before, during, and after a project. Conclusions: Clinics that participate in WREN projects remain willing to risk potential work constraints because of immediate or impending benefits to their clinical practice and/or patient population. Including a broader array of clinic personnel in the communication processes, especially in the development of relevant research ideas and planning for clinic implementation and ongoing participation in research projects, would address many of the barriers identified in implementing PBR. The themes and supporting quotes identified in this evaluation of WREN projects may inform researchers planning to collaborate with primary care clinics and clinicians and staff considering participating in research endeavors.
Development of Theories of School-Effectiveness.

Concepts from organizational theory are used to interpret and review major findings of school effectiveness research to develop a broader perspective for understanding school effectiveness. Results of school-effectiveness research in the Netherlands are compared with those from research in the United States and England. A more-or-less established model of school effectiveness consists of five factors: (1) strong educational leadership; (2) high expectations of student achievement; (3) academic goal consensus; (4) emphasis on basic skills; and (5) safe and orderly climate. The contingency perspective is used as a first step in enlarging the scope of school effectiveness research. The five-factor model is then compared with conceptualizations of organizational effectiveness. A meta-framework is presented. The definition and application of some concepts from organizational theory will aid in testing organizational hypotheses. Substantive hypotheses are summarized in table form. (SLD) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. 1 * * ***********************************************************************
A simulation study on the economic aspects of hybrid energy systems for remote islands in Thailand

This paper reports an investigation on the economic aspects of a typical hybrid energy system for remote islands in Thailand. In addition to the utilization of renewable energy, the study has based on different electrical load profiles simulating typical usage within a year. The simulation study and the optimization of hybrid energy system are based on a computer program called HOMER, as the simulation tool. From the economic analysis, the capital cost, net present cost and cost of energy are determined for different types or system configuration. Results from the study will be useful to aid business and investment decisions on choosing the most appropriate system for the island resorts.
New ways of e-business in Spain. Factors for adoption

The mobile game industry is going to become one of the fastest growing businesses over the next few years, amounting only in Spain more than 141 million Euros by 2008. The purpose of this paper is to explore the drivers behind M-game adoption and spending among Internet users, focusing on the gamer’s profile and technological behavior based on data from an online survey. Our results show that purchasing decisions are irrelevant in terms of the users’ personal characteristics and, by contrary; they are more focused on the user’s prior gaming profile. The introduction of new technology does not change the users’ behavior, but it does allow current users to access that content more easily.
Association of dietary cholesterol and egg intakes with the risk of incident dementia or Alzheimer disease: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study.

BACKGROUND There is little information about the associations of intakes of cholesterol and eggs, a major source of dietary cholesterol, with the risk of cognitive decline in general populations or in carriers of apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APO-E4), a major risk factor for dementia. OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations of cholesterol and egg intakes with incident dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and cognitive performance in middle-aged and older men from Eastern Finland. DESIGN A total of 2497 dementia-free men, aged 42-60 y in 1984-1989 at the baseline examinations of the prospective, population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, were included in the study. Information on the apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) phenotype was available for 1259 men. Data on cognitive performance tests at the 4-y re-examinations were available for 480 men. Dietary intakes were assessed with the use of 4-d food records at baseline. Dementia and AD diagnoses were based on Finnish health registers. Cox regression and ANCOVA were used for the analyses. RESULTS During the 21.9-y follow-up, 337 men were diagnosed with dementia, and 266 men were diagnosed with AD. Neither cholesterol nor egg intake was associated with a higher risk of incident dementia or AD. For example, when evaluated continuously, each intake of 100 mg cholesterol/d was associated with a multivariable-adjusted HR of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.02) for incident dementia, and each additional 0.5 egg (27 g)/d was associated with an HR of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.01). However, egg intake was associated with better performance on neuropsychological tests of the frontal lobe and executive functioning, the Trail Making Test, and the Verbal Fluency Test. The Apo-E4 phenotype did not modify the associations of cholesterol or egg intake (P-interactions > 0.11). CONCLUSIONS Neither cholesterol nor egg intake is associated with an increased risk of incident dementia or AD in Eastern Finnish men. Instead, moderate egg intake may have a beneficial association with certain areas of cognitive performance.
South Korean Elementary Teachers' Mathematics Teaching Efficacy Beliefs: Implications for Educational Policy and Research

It is known that teacher efficacy is associated with mathematical instructional quality and student confidence (Gresham, 2009). To think more about ways to promote teacher efficacy, we examined South Korean elementary teachers' mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs and what factors increase their efficacy beliefs. A translated and adapted version of the mathematics teaching efficacy belief instrument was used to gather information on teachers' mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs and their background information (n=283). Based on statistical analyses (ANOVA and the multiple regression model), we found that South Korean mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs differ by educational level in mathematics education, certification level, and range of teaching experience. For example, teacher efficacy beliefs increase with experience, on average, with the highest occurring in teachers with between eleven and fifteen years of experience, then decline after fifteen years, possibly because of a reduction in certification and professional development participation after that time. The findings imply that elementary teachers' mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs might be increased with teachers' professional development programs focusing on mathematics education.
SMEs probability of default: the case of the hospitality sector

In this paper we analyze a set of financial ratios from hospitality sector SMEs in order to ascertain which factors determine a greater probability of default. We choose the hospitality sector due to its importance in the Portuguese economy and has been particularly affected by the recent economic downturn and austerity measures and because, to the best of our knowledge, this sector has never been the object of such a study. Usually the literature seeks to find a set of variables which are significant in the estimation of default and multiple discriminant analysis and logit methodology are the main avenues of research on this area. Our data was collected from SABI and we followed logit methodology. Our results recommend that in ascertaining the creditworthiness of borrowers only debt and equity variables appear to be relevant to explaining failure, and overreliance on profit as an indication of good financial performance should be limited. The main reason for our rather poor results could be from problems with the data quality, possibly since the accounts published by firms aren’t reliable and tend to present negative results.
Myocardial fl-Adrenergic Receptor Function during the Development of Pacing-induced Heart Failure

The development of pacing-induced heart failure was studied in chronically instrumented, conscious dogs paced at a rate of 240 beats/min for 1 d (n = 6), 1 wk (n = 6), and 3-4 wk (n = 7). Left ventricular (LV) dP/dt was decreased (P < 0.0125) at 1 d, LV end-diastolic pressure and heart rate were increased (P < 0.0125) at I wk, but clinical signs of heart failure were only observed after 3-4 wk of pacing. Plasma norepinephrine rose (P < 0.0125) after 1 d of pacing, whereas LV norepinephrine was reduced (P < 0.0125 ) only after 3-4 wk of pacing. Both the fraction of fl-adrenergic receptors binding agonist with high affinity and adenylyl cyclase activity decreased (P < 0.0125) after 1 d of pacing. Total ,6-adrenergic receptor density was not changed at any time point, but 6,1-adrenergic receptor density was decreased (P < 0.0125) after 1 wk. The functional activity of the guanine nucleotide binding protein, G5, was not reduced, but the Gia2 isoform of the a subunit of the GTP-inhibitory protein rose after 34 wk of pacing. Thus, myocardial fl-adren-ergic signal transduction undergoes change shortly (1 d) after the initiation of pacing, before heart failure develops. The mechanism of /3-adrenergic receptor dysfunction in pacing-induced heart failure is characterized initially by elevated plasma levels of catecholamines, uncoupling of fl-adrenergic receptors, and a defect in the adenylyl cyclase catalytic unit. Selective down-reg-ulation of fll-adrenergic receptors, increases in G,62, and decreases in myocardial catecholamine levels occur as later events. (J. Clin. Invest. 1993. 91:907-914.)
Bacterial Populations in the Beaufort Sea

Spatial and seasonal variation patterns were studied for bacterial populations in Beaufort Sea ice, water and sediment. Bacterial populations in the Beaufort Sea were found in concentrations as high as are found in temperate oceans. Bacterial populations, especially viable bacteria, were lower in surface water during winter than summer, but not in sediment. Beaufort Sea bacterial populations are mainly psychrotrophic and are clearly adapted to growth at low temperatures. Ice conditions appear to be important in determining levels of bacterial populations in water.
How loss of self-control influences prosocial behavior : The role of power 2 and moral values

25 Lack of self-control has been suggested to facilitate norm-transgressing behaviors because of 26 the operation of automatic selfish impulses. Previous research, however, has shown that 27 people having a high moral identity may not show such selfish impulses when their self28 control resources are depleted. In the present research, we extended this effect to prosocial 29 behavior. Moreover, we investigated the role of power in the interaction between moral 30 identity and self-control depletion. More specifically, we expected that power facilitates the 31 externalization of internal states, which implies that for people who feel powerful, rather than 32 powerless, depletion decreases prosocial behavior especially for those low in moral identity. 33 A laboratory experiment and a multisource field study supported our predictions. The present 34 finding that the interaction between self-control depletion and moral identity is contingent 35 upon people’s level of power suggests that power may enable people to refrain from helping 36 behavior. Moreover, the findings suggest that if organizations want to improve prosocial 37 behaviors, it may be effective to situationally induce moral values in their employees. 38
Letter by Tsivgoulis et al Regarding Article, "Mechanical Thrombectomy Outcomes With and Without Intravenous Thrombolysis in Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis".

We read with great interest the meta-analysis by Mistry et al1 evaluating the impact of pre-treatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) on the outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (ET) procedures. Even though current recommendations advocate that IVT pre-treatment should be offered to all eligible patients with large vessel occlusions before the initiation of endovascular reperfusion therapies, the comparative efficacy of direct ET versus bridging therapy (IVT+ET) in large vessel occlusions represents one of the most controversial topics of acute stroke care. This meta-analysis1 included 13 cohorts (12 observational studies and 1 individual patient data meta-analysis of 5 randomized controlled clinical trials) and a total of 3553 patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with ET (62.5% with IVT pre-treatment). The investigators reported that bridging therapy was associated with higher rates of successful recanalization …
Theory of Dark Matter and Dark Energy

In this article, we propose a new model of dark matter. According to this new model, dark matter is a substance, that is a new physical element not constituted of classical particles, called dark substance and filling the Universe. Assuming some very simple physical properties to this dark substance, we theoretically justify the flat rotation curve of galaxies and the baryonic Tully-Fisher’s law. We then study according to our new theory of dark matter the different possible distributions of dark matter in galaxies and in galaxy clusters, and the velocities of galaxies in galaxy clusters. Then using the new model of dark matter we are naturally led to propose a new geometrical model of Universe, finite, that is different from all geometrical models proposed by the Standard Cosmological Model (SCM). Despite that our Theory of dark matter is compatible with the SCM, we then expose a new Cosmological model based on this new geometrical form of the Universe and on the interpretation of the CMB Rest Frame (CRF), that has not physical interpretation on the SCM and that we will call local Cosmological frame. We then propose 2 possible mathematical models of expansion inside the new Cosmological model. The 1st mathematical model is based on General Relativity as the SCM and gives the same theoretical predictions of distances and of the Hubble’s constant as the SCM. The 2nd mathematical model of expansion of the Universe is mathematically much simpler than the mathematical model of expansion used in the SCM, but we will see that its theoretical predictions are in agreement with astronomical observations. Moreover, this 2nd mathematical model of expansion does not need to introduce the existence of a dark energy contrary to the mathematical model of expansion of the SCM. To end we study the evolution of the temperature of dark substance in the Universe and we make appear the existence of a dark energy, due to our model of dark matter.
Do temporary contracts afiect Total Factor Productivity?: Evidence from Spanish manufacturing flrms ⁄

This paper evaluates the impact of the widespread use of flxed-term contracts in Spain on flrms’ TFP, via its efiect on worker’s efiort. We propose a simple analytical framework showing that, under plausible conditions, workers’ efiort depends positively on their perception (for given level of efiort) about flrms’ willingness to convert flxed-term contracts into permanent ones when the former expire. We test this implication using manufacturing flrm level data from 1991 to 2005 by means of both nonparametric tests of stochastic dominance and parametric multivariate regression approaches. Our main flndings are that high conversion rates increase flrm’s productivity while high shares of temporary contracts decrease it. Both efiects are quantitatively relevant.