Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TYPE OF ENERGY FED ON REPRODUCTION IN DAIRY CATTLE

There are many different reports which indicate that the type of energy fed has a significant influence on dairy cow fertility. An energy deficiency before calving (below maintenance) should be avoided as well because this leads already at this stage to metabolic stress with subclinical ketosis and liver damage, followed by a higher incidence of retained placenta, endometritis and low conception rates in the following lactation.
The Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays and New Cosmological Problems

Here, within the Scale-Symmetric Theory (S-ST), I calculated the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays as a function of energy and described positron flux. Obtained results are consistent with the data from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station (ISS). These data lead to the internal structure of the core of baryons and to phenomena characteristic for regions in the Universe filled with baryonic plasma described within S-ST. Here, as well within S-ST, I described new cosmological problems which lead to new cosmology. They are as follows. There are not in existence the B-modes associated with gravitational waves – it leads to conclusion that there was a separation in time of the inflation
Primary sex ratio adjustment to experimentally reduced male UV attractiveness in blue tits

The study of primary sex ratio adjustment in birds is notorious for inconsistency of results among studies. To develop our understanding of avian sex ratio variation, experiments that test a priori predictions and the replication of previous studies are essential. We tested if female blue tits Parus caeruleus adjust the sex ratio of their offspring to the sexual attractiveness of their mates, as was suggested by a previous benchmark study on the same species. In 2 years, we reduced the ultraviolet (UV) reflectance of the crown feathers of males in the period before egg laying to decrease their attractiveness. In contrast to the simple prediction from sex allocation theory, we found that the overall proportion of male offspring did not differ between broods of UV-reduced and control-treated males. However, in 1 year, the UV treatment influenced offspring sex ratio depending on the natural crown UV reflectance of males before the treatment. The last result confirms the pattern found in the previous blue tit study, which suggests that these complex patterns of primary sex ratio variation are repeatable in this bird species, warranting further research into the adaptive value of blue tit sex ratio adjustment to male UV coloration. Copyright 2006.
Does Corporate Governance Affect Earnings Management? Evidence from the US P&C Insurance Industry

Our study investigates whether corporate governance plays a role in mitigating earnings management in the US Property and Casualty insurance industry. Using a direct measure of managerial bias, our results show the following: first, stock-based components of CEO compensation are associated with reserving practices only when we control for the cross-effect between these components and the presence of a Big4 external auditor; second, independent directors, part of internal company monitoring mechanisms, and the main shareholder, among the external monitoring mechanisms, are effective in mitigating earnings manipulation; and third, the preliminary exercise on the effect of Sarbanes Oxley regulation coming into force reveals that the new regulation on governance has minimal or no impact on the relationship between corporate governance and earnings management in the insurance industry - it has long been heavily regulated for risk and governance.
Logic as (Normative) Inference Theory: Formal vs. Non-formal Theories of Inference Goodness

I defend a conception of Logic as normative for the sort of activities in which inferences super-vene, namely, reasoning and arguing. Toulmin’s criticism of formal logic will be our framework to shape the idea that in order to make sense of Logic as normative, we should con-ceive it as a discipline devoted to the layout of arguments, understood as the representations of the semantic, truth relevant, properties of the inferences that we make in arguing and reason-ing.
Regeneration of Pinus wallichiana AB Jackson in a trans-Himalayan dry valley of north-central Nepal

We studied the elevational pattern of forest composition and regeneration of the subalpine conifer tree species Pinus wallichiana in Manang, a trans-Himalayan dry valley in north-central Nepal. Thirty-five quadrats (10 m × 10 m) were laid between 3300 and 4000 masl on both north- and south-facing slopes. We measured diameter at breast height (DBH) of each mature individual of all tree species (DBH ≥10 cm), and recorded the number of seedlings (DBH 30 cm). We also measured soil moisture and soil pH, estimated canopy cover, and recorded slope and altitude in each quadrat. For all species together and for several species individually, tree density, seedling density, sapling density and tree basal area were found to decrease with elevation on both north and south aspects. This trend is largely explained by the progressively harsher environment at higher elevations. The north-facing slopes in our study area have denser forests than the south-facing slopes, the density of all size classes (seedling, sapling and mature plants) and basal area being greater on the northern aspects. These aspect-wide differences are attributable to the stark difference in soil moisture between northern and southern aspects, which is in turn due to the difference in insolation. Irrespective of elevation and aspect, all the forests studied are regenerating, as indicated by inverse J-shaped density-diameter curves. The elevational pattern of seedling and sapling abundance is explained only by elevation. Whereas other variables (e.g., canopy) are considered to have an important influence on seed germination and seedling establishment, they turn out not to be significant predictors of density of seedlings and saplings. This failure to identify a relationship is probably due to our use of non-parametric test (tree regression analysis) that we used to establish the relationship between density and its potential explanatory variables or due to our selection of 1 standard error rule yielding sub-optimal models for regression trees. Key words: density-diameter curve; regeneration; seedling; sapling; altitude; canopy; Manang Valley DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/hjs.v6i8. 1798 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.6 Issue 8 2010 pp.19-26
Development of Pillared Clays for Wet Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation of Phenol and Its Application in the Posttreatment of Coffee Wastewater

This paper focuses on the use of pillared clays as catalysts for the Fenton-like advanced oxidation, specifically wet hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation (WHPCO). This paper discusses the limitations on the application of a homogeneous Fenton system, development of solid catalysts for the oxidation of phenol, advances in the synthesis of pillared clays, and their potential application as catalysts for phenol oxidation. Finally, it analyzes the use of pillared clays as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts for a real wastewater treatment, emphasizing the oxidation of phenolic compounds present in coffee wastewater. Typically, the wet hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation in a real effluent system is used as pretreatment, prior to biological treatment. In the specific case of coffee wet processing wastewater, catalytic oxidation with pillared bentonite with Al-Fe is performed to supplement the biological treatment, that is, as a posttreatment system. According to the results of catalytic activity of pillared bentonite with Al-Fe for oxidation of coffee processing wastewater (56% phenolic compounds conversion, 40% selectivity towards CO2, and high stability of active phase), catalytic wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation emerges as a viable alternative for management of this type of effluent.
Characterisation of edge turbulence in L-mode plasmas in the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak

for UDN-14219 (top) and CDN-14222 (bottom). ﬂuctuations measured by a reciprocating Lang-muir probe in the Mega Amp Spherical Toka-mak (MAST) [1]. Two magnetic conﬁgurationsare explored: unbalanced double null (signalUDN−14222) and connected double null (signalCDN−14219). Other parameters, such as plasmashape and current I
Stress, Depression and Job Satisfaction among Physicians in Iraq

Background: Many physicians have left Iraq due to security concerns or were killed because of war or political conflicts in the last several decades. Despite the challenges that physicians experience in Iraq and the importance of the issue of physician stress and depression globally, little is known about stress and depression related to job satisfaction and work environments among physicians in Iraq. The purpose of this study is to elucidate factors that may improve the current challenges experienced by physicians in Iraq. Methods: Data were collected for two months from October to December 2017 from physicians practicing in Iraq using an online survey. Results: Safety and work environments are major concerns among physicians in Iraq. Lower job satisfaction is associated with higher levels of stress and depression. The following factors are also related to higher levels of stress or depression: lower satisfaction with resources, fewer work hours and sleep problems. Conclusion: Iraq faces a potentially crippling brain drain situation since 87.5% of the study participants expressed interest in leaving Iraq and are also concerned with safety in the workplace. Physician migration from developing to developed countries is a global phenomenon. But in the case of Iraq, since the percentage of leaving or intending to leave Iraq is very high, it is important to develop strategies to reduce push factors and to increase physician retention
Adaptive Power Mode Tuning for QoS Guarantee in Cyber-Physical Systems

The Quality of Service (QoS) of Cyber-physical systems (CPS) is inevitably undermined by various physical uncertainties which include the stochastic environment noise and dynamics of the physical phenomenon. Both of those uncertainties might lead to task overload and the power overconsumption as task execution times are unpredictable. While recent feedback control scheduling have shown promise to meet the real-time requirement by adaptively adjusting the task loading rate, little work has focused on both the system service rate and the CPU execution modes as a whole to optimize the system QoS. This paper presents a feedback control based scheme that adaptively maintains desired task service rate for real-time requirement while minimizes the power consumption by assigning proper execution modes on processor for each node. The theoretic analysis, numerous simulations and experimentations demonstrate that the proposed scheme can provide robust real-time guarantees and reduce the power consumption when the task workload vary significantly at run-time. Keywords-cyber physical systems; QoS; adaptive control
Una propuesta de aprendizaje universitario con TIC para recursantes

espanolEn el Laboratorio de Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (LEVA) de la Facultad de Ingenieria de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (FIUBA) se desarrolla, desde el ano 2006, un proyecto de investigacion y desarrollo para incluir las TIC en la formacion profesional, con el proposito de mejorar y personalizar la ensenanza. En el marco de la investigacion-accion se implementa un curso semipresencial para recursantes en la asignatura Fisica I. Con dicho curso, el primero para el grado implementado en la Institucion, no solo se pretende el logro de los objetivos planteados al inicio de la bimodalidad sino responder a una necesidad concreta de los estudiantes. Es por ello que la intencion general de este proyecto es contribuir al mejoramiento del rendimiento academico y a la retencion de los alumnos recursantes, a traves de una propuesta innovadora para la Institucion. Para la evaluacion de la implementacion, se obtuvo informacion de varias fuentes: laboratorio, simulaciones, autoevaluaciones, foros y calificaciones. EnglishThe Laboratory of Virtual Learning Environments (LEVA) at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Buenos Aires (FIUBA) has worked since 2006 on a research and development project to include ICT in vocational training, in order to improve and customize education. In the framework of action research and as a result of these investigations, a blended course was implemented for students who failed the course of Physics I. This blended course, the first one implemented in the institution, not only aims at achieving the goals set for this bimodality but also at responding to the specific needs of students. Therefore, the general objective of this project is to help improve academic performance and to retain those students who attend the course again, through an innovative teaching proposal for the institution. To assess the implementation of the project, information from several sources: laboratory, simulations, self assessments, forums and marks was obtained.
Cold wake of Hurricane Frances

An array of instruments air‐deployed ahead of Hurricane Frances measured the three‐dimensional, time dependent response of the ocean to this strong (60 ms−1) storm. Sea surface temperature cooled by up to 2.2°C with the greatest cooling occurring in a 50‐km‐wide band centered 60–85 km to the right of the track. The cooling was almost entirely due to vertical mixing, not air‐sea heat fluxes. Currents of up to 1.6 ms−1 and thermocline displacements of up to 50 m dispersed as near‐inertial internal waves. The heat in excess of 26°C, decreased behind the storm due primarily to horizontal advection of heat away from the storm track, with a small contribution from mixing across the 26°C isotherm. SST cooling under the storm core (0.4°C) produced a 16% decrease in air‐sea heat flux implying an approximately 5 ms−1 reduction in peak winds
Signaling Effects of Monetary Policy

We develop a DSGE model in which the policy rate signals the central bank's view about macroeconomic developments to incompletely informed price setters. The model is estimated with likelihood methods on a U.S. data set including the Survey of Professional Forecasters as a measure of price setters' expectations. The signaling effects of monetary policy are found to be empirically important and dampen the effects of monetary disturbances on inflation. While the signaling effects enhance the Federal Reserve's ability to stabilize the economy in the face of demand shocks, they play a small role in stabilizing the economy after technology shocks.
Having the right mix: The role of skill bundles for comparative advantage and industry performance in GVCs

This study investigates the role of countries’ skills endowment for comparative advantage. It tests the theoretical model of Ohnsorge and Trefler (2007) who argue that it is the bundling of various skills at the worker level and their joint distribution that matter for trade specialisation. This departs from the literature assuming that workers are endowed with only one type of skills, generally measured by educational attainment. The model’s predictions are tested using information on cognitive skills from the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) and Trade in Value Added (TiVA) data. Results show that workers' skills bundles and their distribution have larger effects on specialisation than countries’ endowment of capital per employee, or the relative endowment of workers possessing different levels of education. Furthermore, this study tests the model of Bombardini et al. (2012) and finds evidence that the within-country dispersion of skills significantly affects specialisation patterns.
Active role of a color indicator in buoyancy-driven instabilities of chemical fronts

Chemical reactions are able to trigger hydrodynamic flows by chan- ging the density of the solutions across reactive interfaces. In this work, an experimental study of the buoyancy-driven hydrodynamic instabilities that can occur when two miscible reactive solutions of an acid-base system are put in contact in the gravity field shows that the patterns observed and the instabilities taking place strongly depend on the presence of a color indicator. A reac- tion-diffusion-convection model explains how the color indicator can modify the instability scenarios by affecting the density of the solutions and allows one to numerically recoverthe observed experimental patterns. The present workclearly demonstrates that color indicators should therefore be used with caution in experimental works devoted to analyze reaction-diffusion-convection patterns and instabilities. SECTION Surfaces, Interfaces, Catalysis
Personality Integration in Children and Adults: Some Developmental Continuities.

This paper reports on a series of studies concerning personality integration in children and adults. What holds all of these studies together is the fact that they share a common theme and a common theory. The theme centers on developmental continuities in effective behavior. The theory centers on a particular conceptual structure for the description of personality integration. Two definitions are necessary in order to set the parameters of this discussion. There is, first, the concept of developmental continuity. This concept refers to those processes in which the behavior of children and the behavior of adults bear such close resemblance to each other as to
Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation: clinical findings and its effect on hepcidin mRNA expression in horses

Hypoferremia observed during systemic inflammatory disorders is regulated by hepcidin. Hepcidin up-regulation is particularly important during acute inflammation, as it restricts the availability of iron, which is necessary for pathogenic microorganism growth before adaptive immunity occurs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical findings and hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression in horses using a Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) model of inflammation. The expression of hepcidin mRNA in the liver was determined in healthy horses following two intramuscular injections of FCA at 0 h and 12 h. Plasma iron and fibrinogen concentrations were measured at multiple time points between 0 h and 240 h post-FCA injection (PI). Hepcidin mRNA expression was determined by RT-qPCR using liver biopsy samples performed at 0 h (control), 6 h and 18 h PI. The mean plasma fibrinogen level was significantly different from the control values only between 120 and 216 h PI. The mean plasma iron level was significantly lower than the control between 16 and 72 h PI, reaching the lowest levels at 30 h PI (33 % of the initial value), and returned to the reference value from 96 h PI to the end of the experiment. Hepcidin mRNA expression increased at 6 h PI and remained high at 18 h PI. The iron plasma concentration was an earlier indicator of inflammatory processes in horses when compared with fibrinogen and might be useful for the early detection of inflammation in the horse. FCA administration caused the rapid onset of hypoferremia, and this effect was likely the result of up-regulated hepatic hepcidin gene expression. This study emphasizes the importance of hepcidin and iron metabolism during inflammation in horses.
Branding destinations with multisensory brand associations and evaluating its impact on behavioural pattern under the intervention of multiplex phenomenon of relationship-branding

Article history: Received: May 8, 2018 Received in revised format: June 24, 2018 Accepted: August 9, 2018 Available online: August 14, 2018 Image perception has been acknowledged as a critical component of branding. Perception of image is comparatively difficult for intangible entities like ‘destination’. Research initiatives, thus far, has postulated destination branding on associations namely cognitive and affective image inputs. Multisensory brand associations were never tested for destination branding model, although, sensory brand associations were found to play major role in the tangible product branding and influence purchase behaviours. Further, attributional elements, specific to destination are assumed to play critical role in developing the brand identity leading to choice of destination. Perceived destination brand image was empirically tested for its influence on post-travel behaviours and was identified as one of the potent travel motives, however, the predictive capability of perceived destination brand image on favourable post-travel behaviours seems to fall off due to reasons unknown. Researchers like Fournier, observed that relationship-branding can induce favourable post-purchase behaviour. This study focuses on developing a destination brand model using conventional brand associations, namely cognitive and affective image inputs, and new associations, namely, attributional and sensory image inputs. The study further incorporates relationship-branding as a multiplex phenomenon and tested its possible intervening impact between perceived destination brand image and post-travel behaviours. The results established the destination brand model based on the image associations and confirmed the role of relationship-branding as a para-social and socio-emotional moderator to influence post-travel visitor behaviour. The study plugs in the gap that existed in the present body of knowledge addressing destination branding and reinforces the relationship theory in establishing the ‘brand – purchase – post-purchase behaviour’ triad. © 2018 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND HYGIENIC QUALITY OF GOAT MILK IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN

The present study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and bacterial load of goat milk samples collected in Khartoum State, Sudan during winter and summer season from dairy farm and individual households. The average of fat, solids not fat (SNF), protein and lactose content of goat milk samples were higher during winter season (5.11+0.2%, 9.3±0.07%, 3.6±0.03% and 5.0±0.04%, respectively). Similarly, the average of fat and SNF was higher in the milk samples collected from got dairy farms (5.4%±0.4% and 9.1±0.0%, respectively). The fat, lactose and acidity were significantly (P≤0.01) different in goat milk samples collected from different sources and the acidity was higher (0.15±0.0%) during summer. Moreover the acidity and density of milk samples collected from different sources and during different seasons showed high significant (P≤0.001) differences. Total bacterial count, coliform and psychrotrphic bacterial count of goat milk were higher during summer season (log10 4.05±0.17 3.8, log10 3.87±1.6 and log10 2.06±1.1, respectively). Moreover, the microbiological load was high in the individual households (log10 7.05±1.0, log10 4.35±1.6 and log10 1.9±1.1, respectively). The data from the different sources and during different seasons showed significant (P≤0.01) differences.