Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hematoma After Femoral Arterial Blood Sampling: Incidence, Imaging Features, and Course of Hematoma

Objective This study evaluated the incidence and course of a hematoma occurring after femoral arterial sampling. Materials and Methods We studied 270 patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) including the pelvis and blood gas sampling from femoral artery using a 22-gauge needle during 2010. This population comprised 176 men and 94 women with a mean (SD) age of 54.9 (24.3) years (range, 0–97 years). We evaluated whether hematoma was present at the femoral artery. Size and location of the hematoma, the short-axial luminal diameter of artery contact with the hematoma was also assessed. Results The CT images showed hematoma around the femoral artery in 128 patients (47.4%); this group comprised 84 men and 44 women with a mean (SD) age of 51.1 (24.1) years (range, 0–92 years). Hematoma was not observed in 142 patients (52.6%; 92 men and 50 women; mean [SD] age, 58.3 [24.2] years; range, 0–97 years). There was no significant difference in age, sex, altered hemostasis, or time between arterial puncture and CT between the 2 groups with or without hematoma. Arterial stenosis of 50% or greater was observed in 7 patients (mean [SD] age, 17.1 [8.97] years; range, 6–31 years; 4 males and 3 females). Conclusions Our data revealed a high frequency of small hematoma around the femoral artery is following arterial blood sampling that was independent of bleeding diathesis. No patient progressed to a severe condition, although temporary arterial stenosis did occur.
CT and MRI findings of sex cord-stromal tumor of the ovary.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article was to research the clinical and imaging features of sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary to help in specific diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary are rare ovarian neoplasms, which arise from stromal cells and primitive sex cords in the ovary. The common types are granulosa cell tumors, fibrothecomas, sclerosing stromal tumors, and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. They account for most of the hormonally active ovarian tumors. They have characteristic imaging features in each type of the tumor. CONCLUSION Clinical and radiologic clues are helpful in differential diagnosis from the more common epithelial tumors; sex cord-stromal tumors primarily are treated surgically and have generally good prognosis.
Colonic adenocarcinomas: near-infrared microcatheter imaging of smart probes for early detection--study in mice.

PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate the ability of micro-fiberoptic catheters, which simultaneously record white light and near-infrared (NIR) images, to reveal colonic neoplasms after the intravenous administration of activatable "smart" probes that increase in NIR fluorescence subsequent to protease activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional animal care committee approved all animal experiments. CT26 tumor cells were orthotopically implanted into the descending colon of C57BL6/J mice (n=10). Thirteen days later, mice intravenously received either 2 nmol of a protease-sensing probe that had cathepsin B as a major activator (n=5) or saline (control animals [n=5]). One day later, animals were noninvasively examined to the point of the splenic flexure by using microcatheter imaging. Excised colons were subsequently evaluated with epifluorescence imaging, histologic examination, and cathepsin B immunohistochemistry. Student t test was used for statistical analysis, with P<. 05 considered to indicate a significant difference. RESULTS Results with fiberoptic imaging demonstrated that all tumors were visible with the protease-activatable probe, even when they were not readily apparent at white light imaging. A target-to-background ratio (TBR) of 8.86 for tumor to adjacent normal mucosa was achieved in the NIR channel after probe administration (P=.001), whereas white light images resulted in a TBR of 1.14 (P>.5) based on luminosity. The tumoral NIR fluorescence intensity was more than 30-fold greater in probe-injected animals than in control animals, indicating that essentially all of the signal recorded in lesions was from activatable probe administration. Results of immunohistochemistry confirmed cathepsin B overexpression in the tumor compared with adjacent mucosa. CONCLUSION The use of NIR imaging microcatheters combined with protease-activatable smart probes results in a beacon effect that highlights tumors with high TBRs; this technique thus may be a potentially useful adjunct to white light colonoscopy in the future.
Approximated and Domain-Adapted LSTM Language Models for First-Pass Decoding in Speech Recognition

Traditionally, short-range Language Models (LMs) like the conventional n-gram models have been used for language model adaptation. Recent work has improved performance for such tasks using adapted long-span models like Recurrent Neural Network LMs (RNNLMs). With the first pass performed using a large background n-gram LM, the adapted RNNLMs are mostly used to rescore lattices or N-best lists, as a second step in the decoding process. Ideally, these adapted RNNLMs should be applied for first-pass decoding. Thus, we introduce two ways of applying adapted long-short-term-memory (LSTM) based RNNLMs for first-pass decoding. Using available techniques to convert LSTMs to approximated versions for first-pass decoding, we compare approximated LSTMs adapted in a Fast Marginal Adaptation framework (FMA) and an approximated version of architecture-based-adaptation of LSTM. On a conversational speech recognition task, these differently approximated and adapted LSTMs combined with a trigram LM outperform other adapted and unadapted LMs. Here, the architectureadapted LSTM combination obtains a 35.9 % word error rate (WER) and is outperformed by FMA-based LSTM combination obtaining the overall lowest WER of 34.4 %.
Nocturnal Melatonin Secretion and Sleep after Doxepin Administration in Chronic Primary Insomnia

Nocturnal melatonin secretion and polysomnographic sleep patterns were investigated in ten patients with chronic primary insomnia (age 41.3 +/- 9.5 years) and in five healthy subject, (age 27.2 +/- 0.7 years) after either a single intravenous administration of 25 mg doxepin or placebo in a randomized, double blind, and cross-over setting. In the patient group a third session was performed after a three-week open oral treatment with 25 mg doxepin daily. The single-dose administration of doxepin did not affect plasma melatonin concentrations in either the patients on the healthy subjects. After three weeks of oral doxepin intake by the patients, the area under the curve of total nocturnal plasma melatonin concentration was significantly increased by 26% and the peak values were increased by 30%. Both after the single i.v. treatment as well as after long-term oral administration, doxepin also significantly improved sleep latency, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency in the insomniacs as well as the healthy subjects, whereas the nocturnal wake time was decreased. These findings indicate that this tricyclic antidepressant not only improves sleep and but also preserves the secretion of a hormone which is believed to play a special role in the circadian sleep-wake rhythm. Long-term doxepin treatment of chronic insomniac patients not only improves sleep but also restores nocturnal melatonin secretion in these patients.
Business subsidies in Finland: The dynamics of application and acceptance stages

We use a comprehensive database concerning the application and allocation of business subsidies in Finland merged with the firm-level data comprising about 330 000 firms from the year 2004 to 2008. We find strong continuities in participation both within and between the different public support programs. Continuity in the firms participation in the same support programs arises both from the application and acceptance stages. A firm that has once received subsidy from an agency, tends to apply it again, and it also seems that the agencies target their support to the firms they have previously subsidized. We further find that the firms that have once entered the Finnish subsidy system not only actively seek further support from the same organization but also from the other agencies allocating busi-ness subsidies. In addition, a firms probability to apply subsidy from one agency is posi-tively related to its probability to apply subsidy simultaneously from another agency. In line with the previous empirical findings, and against the general public policy aims to target particular support for the SMEs, we find that all agencies favor larger companies. Also, contradictory to the learning hypothesis related to firm age, and on the other hand, supporting public policy lines favoring newly established or start-up companies in subsidy funding decisions, we find that younger firms both are more likely to apply for and to receive subsidies than the older ones.
Apoptosis of HeLa Cells Induced by Cisplatin and Its Mechanism *

To study the apoptosis induced by cisplatin in cervical cancer cell line HeLa and its mechanism, cell growth inhibition of cisplatin on HeLa cells was analyzed by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was examined by cytometry and Hoechst33258 staining after treatment with cisplatin. The effects of cisplatin on transcription of E6 were analyzed by RT-PCR. The protein expressions of E6, p53, p21, Bax and Bcl-2 were studied by Western blotting. Cisplatin inhibited proliferation in a timeand dose-dependant manner. Cytometically, sub-G1 peak showed higher apoptosis rates in the experimental group than those in the control. Hoechst33258staining exhibited apoptosis induced by cisplatin. RT-PCR revealed that cisplatin decreased transcription of E6. Western blotting showed that cisplatin decreased protein expression of E6 and increased protein expression of p53, p21and Bax. It had no effect on protein expression of Bcl-2. It is concluded that cisplatin can induce apoptosis in HeLa cells by suppressing HPV E6 and thereby restoring the function of p53.
Risk Factors for Deep Vein Thrombosis in Women Aged 18 to 50: A Retrospective Analysis

BACKGROUND Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs in one of every 1,000 individuals per year. Various inherited and acquired risk factors are known. We investigated the importance of oral contraceptives (OCs) as a risk factor in women of child‐bearing age. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the risk factors for DVT in a female patient collective. METHODS We analyzed the records of 99 women aged 18 to 50 with DVT. We documented age, identifiable risk factor of DVT, location of the thrombus, use of OCs, and thrombophilia. RESULTS 52.5% of patients suffering from DVT were aged between 40–50 years. Forty‐six patients had an unprovoked DVT; the most common risk factor was immobilization in 41. Thrombophilia was found in 18 cases. Twenty‐nine patients used OCs; no influence of OCs on any of the other risk factors was found. CONCLUSIONS In our patient group, the most important risk factors were older age and immobilization. DVT is typically idiopathic and may be caused by subtle nondetectable thrombophilic disorders. The use of OCs was distributed in DVT patients just as in the general Austrian community and seems not to be a severe additional risk factor. Examining the whole lower extremity during ultrasonography is important so as not to overlook a DVT of the lower leg. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.
Clinical Aspects of Syphilis Reinfection in HIV-Infected Patients

Background: The incidence of HIV-syphilis co-infection has risen since 2000, especially among men having sex with men (MSM). Syphilis reinfection can occur, but the clinical features of such events remain poorly characterized. Objective: To compare the cutaneous lesions seen with syphilis reinfections with those of first episodes in HIV-infected patients. Methods: In a cohort of HIV-infected patients, syphilis reinfection was established both clinically and biologically by evaluating changes in Venereal Disease Research Laboratory titers. Photographs and medical records were studied in order to determine the type of skin lesions and their quantification. Results: Among 533 HIV-infected patients, 42 (8%) experienced a first syphilis infection. Thirteen episodes of reinfection occurred in 12/42 (28%) patients, all MSM. In 78% of cases, reinfections were less symptomatic than first episodes. All patients presented classical syphilis lesions. Conclusions: We observed a high rate of reinfection, but with less severe skin manifestations during reinfection episodes.
Thermodynamic binding analysis of Notch transcription complexes from Drosophila melanogaster

Notch is an intercellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved in metazoans and is essential for proper cellular specification during development and in the adult organism. Misregulated Notch signaling underlies or contributes to the pathogenesis of many human diseases, most notably cancer. Signaling through the Notch pathway ultimately results in changes in gene expression, which is regulated by the transcription factor CSL. Upon pathway activation, CSL forms a ternary complex with the intracellular domain of the Notch receptor (NICD) and the transcriptional coactivator Mastermind (MAM) that activates transcription from Notch target genes. While detailed in vitro studies have been conducted with mammalian and worm orthologous proteins, less is known regarding the molecular details of the Notch ternary complex in Drosophila. Here we thermodynamically characterize the assembly of the fly ternary complex using isothermal titration calorimetry. Our data reveal striking differences in the way the RAM (RBP‐J associated molecule) and ANK (ankyrin) domains of NICD interact with CSL that is specific to the fly. Additional analysis using cross‐species experiments suggest that these differences are primarily due to fly CSL, while experiments using point mutants show that the interface between fly CSL and ANK is likely similar to the mammalian and worm interface. Finally, we show that the binding of the fly RAM domain to CSL does not affect interactions of the corepressor Hairless with CSL. Taken together, our data suggest species‐specific differences in ternary complex assembly that may be significant in understanding how CSL regulates transcription in different organisms.
High selectivity for ethylene from carbon dioxide reduction over copper nanocube electrocatalysts.

Nanostructured surfaces have been shown to greatly enhance the activity and selectivity of many different catalysts. Here we report a nanostructured copper surface that gives high selectivity for ethylene formation from electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. The nanostructured copper is easily formed in situ during the CO2 reduction reaction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the surface to be dominated by cubic structures. Using online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OLEMS), the onset potentials and relative selectivity toward the volatile products (ethylene and methane) were measured for several different copper surfaces and single crystals, relating the cubic shape of the copper surface to the greatly enhanced ethylene selectivity. The ability of the cubic nanostructure to so strongly favor multicarbon product formation from CO2 reduction, and in particular ethylene over methane, is unique to this surface and is an important step toward developing a catalyst that has exclusive selectivity for multicarbon products.
Pengaruh Customer Experience Quality Terhadap Customer Satisfaction & Customer Loyalty Di Kafe Excelso Tunjungan Plaza Surabaya: Perspektif B2C

This study discusses about the quality of the customer experience, which is thought to affect customer satisfaction at Cafe Excelso Tunjungan Plaza Surabaya. In this study, the variable of the customer experience quality is measured through the dimensions of accessibility, competence, customer recognition, helpfulness, personalization, problem solving, promise fulfillment, and value for time. Each of these dimensions will be partially tested how it affects customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. In addition, this study also wanted to know which the most influential dimension to customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are. The research sample was 200 visitors who visited the cafe Excelso Tunjungan Plaza Surabaya at least three times within a period of three months. The observations will be analyzed using the Covariance-Based Structural Equation Model (CB-SEM). The results from the study showed that the five dimensions of customer experience quality are accessibility, competence, helpfulness, personalization, and value for time, have a strong significant effect on customer satisfaction, but the dimensions of customer recognition and problem solving, only have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. On the other hand, the dimension of promise fulfillment has not given a significant influence. Other results showed that the eight dimensions of the quality of the customer experience has not been able to have a significant influence on customer loyalty, so it takes customer satisfaction as an intervening variable to achieve customer loyalty.
Managing Fashion Goods Inventories

The proliferation of both online and bricks and mortar outlet stores underscores the observation that secondary markets are readily accessible to retailers of short-life-cycle products. These secondary markets provide recourse channels for retailers to sell excess inventory of out of favor items at reduced prices when overstocking occurs in a primary market. We study the problem of determining when a retailer should terminate its primary selling season by selling remaining inventory on a secondary market. The retailer has a single opportunity to procure prior to a primary selling season consisting of multiple periods. Demand in each period is random,but correlated. At the end of each period, any remaining inventory incurs a holding cost. Then,based upon the current level of inventory and the cumulative demand-to-date,the retailer decides either to terminate the primary selling season by selling all or part of the remaining inventory on a secondary market,or to extend the current primary selling season by another period. We develop structural properties of the optimal policy for determining when to terminate the primary selling season,and we develop corresponding implications for procurement.
Whose Innovation Performance Benefits More from External Networks: Entrepreneurial or Conservative Firms?*

The primary contribution of this research is positing and empirically supporting the proposition that learning through external networks disproportionately benefits conservative, risk-averse firms. The construct, entrepreneurial orientation (EO), is used to discriminate conservative, risk-averse firms from proactive, risk-seeking firms. Organizational learning theory and social capital theory are employed to support our hypotheses. Based on a study of 1978 U.S. firms, the paper suggests that the utilization of external networks (i.e., the process of learning from information, perspectives, and insights embedded in external networks) may act as a primary driver for innovation for those firms that are either not inclined and/or do not have the capabilities to adopt entrepreneurial culture. Specifically, weak EO firms' innovation performance benefits from utilizing external networks more than strong EO firms'. This research also tests for the moderating role of firm size and finds that the negative moderating effect of EO on the external network utilization–innovation performance relationship is more pronounced in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) than large firms
Information Asymmetry and the Timing of Capital Issuance: An International Examination

Using issuance data across 50 countries from 1996 through 2009, we examine the role of information asymmetry in market timing globally. We utilize a model that takes into account the possible feedback of security issues to past market returns allowing us to ascertain whether timing of capital issuance around the world is based on information asymmetry. We find evidence of both market timing and pseudo market timing. The evidence for (pseudo) market timing is (not) significantly stronger in international sub-samples with greater levels of information asymmetry when capital issuance is measured by (changes in equity) equity share. These results suggest that information asymmetry plays an important role in the ability of managers to time capital issuance and that counter to the implications of extant literature, market timing and pseudo market timing are not mutually exclusive, i.e., existence of one does not nullify the other.
A novel fuzzy feature encoding approach for image classification

Feature encoding is a crucial step in BOW image representation. The standard BOW model assigns each image feature to the nearest visual-word without making a distinction between the features that are assigned to the same words. This hard feature assignment leads to high quantization errors and degrades the learning capacity of the classifiers in image classification. We propose a fuzzy feature encoding approach to overcome the uncertainty problem in BOW through assigning each image feature to the visual-words with some membership degrees. We employ two classification techniques, Naive Bayesian and SVM, to evaluate the effect of the fuzzy assignment in image classification. Experiments conducted on image datasets show that fuzzy feature encoding significantly improves the classification accuracy.
Trade Liberalization and Institutional Change

Opening up to global trade and investment is often thought to trigger institutional improvement by raising the expected benefits of institutional reform and reducing incumbents' incentives and ability to preserve the status quo. However, recent experience is not entirely consistent with this conventional wisdom. We suggest an explanation based on variation across countries in firms’ reliance on ambient institutions. Large, well established, or state controlled firms depend less on an economy’s institutions than do small, incipient, or purely private sector firms. Multinational firms likewise can use their global organizations to sidestep weak local institutions. Firm heterogeneity of this sort can thus contribute to markedly different institutional responses to liberalization. Our framework also suggests that institutional development might occur in stages. In an economy whose basic institutions are sound, individuals rationally invest in entrepreneurial capability and firms rationally invest less in institution substitutes. Economies with firms that rely more on ambient institutions or with more potential entrants who would rely on those institutions are more likely to experience further institutional improvement following accession to the global economy. Economies with fewer firms or potential entrants dependent on sound institutions, in acceding to the global economy, may exhibit scant institutional improvement, and perhaps even institutional deterioration. Political rent-seeking is not necessary for the latter outcome, but expands the range of conditions under which it ensues.