Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histopathological Study of The Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Endoscopic Biopsies

Background: Patients presenting with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are very common in clinical practice. The advent of modern flexible endoscopes has made entry as well as visualization inside the upper GI tract easy, thereby facilitating the effective management of these patients. This study was conducted to determine the frequency as well as to study the spectrum of the histopathological lesions of upper GI tract. The clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and histopathological findings were also correlated. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology, in a tertiary care hospital, from July 2014 to June 2016. All the full mucosal thickness endoscopic biopsies, incorporating muscularis mucosae, of the upper GI tract were included in the study. Results: The upper GI endoscopic biopsies constituted 0.93% of all surgical pathology specimens. Stomach was the most common biopsied site (55%), followed by esophagus (39%), and duodenum (6%). In esophagus, squamous cell carcinoma (82.60%) was more common as compared to adenocarcinoma (17.40%). Amongst gastric carcinoma, most common histological pattern noted was tubular adenocarcinoma (61.90%), followed by poorly cohesive carcinoma. All the duodenal biopsies showed chronic non-specific duodenitis. Overall, 91% concordance was noted between endoscopic and histopathological diagnosis. Conclusions: Upper GI endoscopy is an effective and appropriate initial investigation to assess patients with upper GI symptoms. Histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of endoscopically detected lesions.
The periodic topography of ice stream beds: Insights from the Fourier spectra of mega‐scale glacial lineations

Ice stream bed topography contains key evidence for the ways ice streams interact with, and are potentially controlled by, their beds. Here we present the first application of two‐dimensional Fourier analysis to 22 marine and terrestrial topographies from 5 regions in Antarctica and Canada, with and without mega‐scale glacial lineations (MSGLs). We find that the topography of MSGL‐rich ice stream sedimentary beds is characterized by multiple, periodic wavelengths between 300 and 1200 m and amplitudes from decimeters to a few meters. This periodic topography is consistent with the idea that instability is a key element to the formation of MSGL bedforms. Dominant wavelengths vary among locations and, on one paleo ice stream bed, increase along the direction of ice flow by 1.7 ± 0.52% km−1. We suggest that these changes are likely to reflect pattern evolution via downstream wavelength coarsening, even under potentially steady ice stream geometry and flow conditions. The amplitude of MSGLs is smaller than that of other fluvial and glacial topographies but within the same order of magnitude. However, MSGLs are a striking component of ice stream beds because the topographic amplitude of features not aligned with ice flow is reduced by an order of magnitude relative to those oriented with the flow direction. This study represents the first attempt to automatically derive the spectral signatures of MSGLs. It highlights the plausibility of identifying these landform assemblages using automated techniques and provides a benchmark for numerical models of ice stream flow and subglacial landscape evolution.
A study of anemia among adolescent girls in eastern part of Nepal

Background & Objectives: Anemia is a global health problem. About 40% of the world's population suffers from anemia and adolescence is one of the most vulnerable age group. Hence the objective of the study was to determine prevalence and distribution of anemia among adolescent girls in eastern part of Nepal. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in a Government School of Dharan over a period of one year. There were total 433 participants, whose clinical and demographic profile were recorded and analyzed. Hemoglobin estimation was done by using cyanmethaemoglobin method and anemia was defined as per WHO cut-off. Results: The overall prevalence of anemia was found to be 51.3%. Prevalence was significantly more in pre-menarche age and undernourished girls (p<0.05). However factors like diet (vegetarian/non-vegetarian), worm infestation and parental education did not have a significant impact on occurrence of anemia. Conclusion: Anemia is the major health problem among adolescent girls in eastern part Nepal with high prevalence rate and nutrition is one of the leading causative factors for anemia. JCMS Nepal. 2016;12(1):19-22.
The first report on entomopathogenic effect of Fusarium avenaceum (Fries) Saccardo (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) against rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.: Curculionidae, Coleoptera)

This study aimed to evaluate the entomopathogenic activity of Fusarium avenaceum (strain 10A) against adults of Sitophilus oryzae infesting wheat grain. Bioassays were carried out to determine the adult mortality of S. oryzae when the conidial suspension of the fungus strain was applied using three types of fungus treatment. Results obtained have indicated significant differences (P=0.05) in the mean percentage of adult mortality due to the treatment with the fungus compared to the control. The highest mean percentage of adult mortality was obtained by the direct spraying of S. oryzae adults with the fungus conidial suspension before introduction of the treated adults into pots containing wheat grain; the lowest mean percentage of adult mortality was obtained by spraying the inner surfaces of pots with the fungus conidial suspension before introducing the grain and insects. This study demonstrated the typical growth of F. avenaceum on the outer surfaces of the dead treated adults of S. oryzae . Presence of the external fungus growth on the dead insects indicated that the death of S. oryzae adults was attributed to the fungus infection. Results obtained in the present paper represent the first record of efficacy of F. avenaceum against a coleopteran stored-grain insect, mainly including S. oryzae .
Aseptic Meningoencephalitis in Children with Kawasaki Disease

Objective: To describe the clinical presentations, diagnosis and therapy of 15 Kawasaki disease (KD) patients with aseptic meningoencephalitis. Methods: Patients' medical records were retrospectively reviewed with reference to age, gender, duration of disease, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, diagnosis and therapy. Results: There were 10 males and 5 females with an average age of 38.2 months. Headache was noted in 10 patients (66.67%), vomiting in 6 (40.0%), seizures in one (6.67%). Thirteen (86.67%) showed central nervous system (CNS) features in the acute phase while 2 patients showed headache or vomiting in the subacute phase. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were noted in all patients, thrombocytosis in 9 (60.0%), elevated aminoleucine transferase and/or aspartate aminotransferase in 2. Also, CSF pleocytosis were noted in 9 patients. These patients had a good response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. No complications were noted in the follow-up. Conclusion: KD, like many other vasculitic diseases, can sometimes involve the CNS and present with irritability, lethargy, headache, vomiting and seizures. Aseptic meningoencephalitis should be suspected especially in KD patients with persisted elevated CRP, ESR, and CNS symptoms.
Smart Card Reader and the 2015 General Elections in Nigeria

A central issue in the 2015 general elections in Nigeria was the use of the smart card reader, which was a critical component in the election. It was used for the first time in the electoral process of Nigeria and it remains one of the greatest technological innovations of the 2015 general elections. The smart card reader is a technological device set up to authenticate and verify, on election day, a permanent voter card issued by the Independent National Electoral Commission. The fundamental basis for deploying the technological device was to ensure a credible, transparent, free and fair election and thereby to deepen Nigeria’s democracy. However, the use of the card reader generated debate among election stakeholders before, during and after the 2015 general elections. One such debate was the legality of the use of the device. In this paper I examine the debate and the role of the card reader in the elections. I also consider the challenges and impact of the card reader on the election. Considering the massive electoral fraud witnessed in general elections since Nigeria’s independence, I conclude that the smart card reader should be used for future elections. General elections in Nigeria should continue to be technologically managed.
Attachment Styles and the Ways of Coping with Stress in Polish Nurses

This article presents the results of research that was conducted on attachment styles and methods of coping with stress for a group of professionally active nurses. The project covered 158 individuals. The study was conducted by utilizing the Attachment to Parents in Childhood Questionnaire (KPRD), the Polish version of which was developed by Marchwicki [1] on the basis of the Experiences in Close Relationship Scale by K. A. Brennan, C. L. Clark and P. R. Shaver, together with the Polish version of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire — WCQ by S. Folkman and R.S. Lazarus. The results of this research demonstrate that attachment styles clearly differentiate the ways in which the subject nurses cope with stress. The results obtained also support the conclusion that attachment styles are significant predictors of the methods utilized for coping with stress. Secure attachment styles are significant predictors of an ability to cope under difficult circumstances. On the other hand, distorted attachment styles create an unfavorable dynamic for dealing with stressful situations, consisting of destructive and ineffective behaviors.
An SiGe/Si Heterojunction Phototransistor for Opto-MicrowaveApplications:Modeling and first Experimental Results

A first SiGe bipolar heterojunction phototransistor developed in a commercial available SiGe/Si technology is presented.Emphasis on the development of a complete numerical model for the simulation of strained- SiGe based devices is given.The SiGe HPT exhibits a dc opto-microwave power gain of 3.46dB,i.e.a responsivity with 50Ohms loads of 1.49A/W,and a –3dB bandwidth of 0.4GHz at 940nm.Power budgets are drawn with the use of the opto-microwave power gain ’s monogram chart.
The Impact of Capital Requirements on Bank Lending

We estimate the effect of changes in microprudential regulatory capital requirements on bank capital ratios and bank lending. We do so by running panel regressions using a rich new data set, exploiting variation in individual bank capital requirements in the United Kingdom from 1990-2011. There are two key results. First, regulatory capital requirements affect the capital ratios held by banks – following an increase in capital requirements, banks gradually rebuild the buffers that they initially held over the regulatory minimum. Second, capital requirements affect lending with heterogeneous responses in different sectors of the economy – in the year following an increase in capital requirements, banks, on average, cut (in descending order based on point estimates) loan growth for commercial real estate, other corporates and household secured lending. The response of unsecured household lending is smaller and insignificant over the first year as a whole. Loan growth mostly recovers within three years. While estimated over a different policy regime and at the individual bank level, these results may contain some insights into how changing capital requirements might affect lending in a macroprudential regime. However, during the transition to higher global regulatory standards, the effects of changes in capital requirements may be different. For example, increasing capital requirements might augment rather than reduce lending for initially undercapitalised banks.
Association Between the Phenotypes of Haptoglobin and Tuberculosis in Ivory Coast-Haptoglobin Phenotypes and Tuberculosis

The susceptibility of patients to certain pathologies, such as tuberculosis (TB), is associated to the phenotype of their haptoglobin (Hp). The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the haptoglobin phenotype in tuberculosis by determining the association of Hp phenotypes with certain epidemiological and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in Côte d'Ivoire. In a case-control study, 131 tuberculosis and 109 non-tuberculosis as controls, voluntary blood donors were recruited in Abidjan. From venous blood samples, phenotyping of Hp was performed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis according to Raymond's method. Comparisons were made using chi2 test at risk α = 5%. We found three phenotypes: Hp1-1, Hp2-1, Hp2-2 in the respective proportions of 27.5%, 50.5% and 22 % in the control population (n = 109) and 36.6%, 54.2% and 9.2% in the tuberculosis population (n = 131). Among the population carrying the Hp1 allele, 58.3% were tuberculosis patients compared to 41.7% in controls subject (p = 0.006). Among TB patients, 33.3% carried Hp2-2 subtype compared to 66.7% in controls (p = 0.011). The Hardy-Weinberg’s equilibrium showed that tuberculosis patients carring Hp2-2 phenotype died early. Hp phenotype was not associated to TB-HIV co-infection, neither to TB treatment nor to response to anti-tuberculosis treatment. We concluded that there is an association between Hp phenotype and TB infection prognosis. Hp2-2, less antioxidant seemed to be associated to the disease with poor prognosis.
A selection analysis on education returns in China

This paper estimates the economic returns to education in China from 1989 to 2009, using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) dataset. We find that education returns for one additional year generally increase from 2.6% in 1989 to 7.9% in 2009. Education returns, however, may reflect signals of innate ability, or the accumulation of human capital. Moreover, traditional Ordinary Least Square estimates may be biased by selection problems and mix-ups of age group heterogeneity. Hence, we estimate the marginal effects of schooling with the increasing labour markets experience, using the Heckman Selection Model. We find that the education returns for one additional year decline with labour markets experience, which support human capital hypothesis for all age groups except the group educated during the “Cultural Revolution”. Different dynamics of education returns in the four age groups are identified with large influence of institutional reforms in the labour markets, supporting the transition explanation of the evolution of education returns in China.
System ID Modern Control Algorithms for Active Aerodynamic Load Control and Impact on Gearbox Loading

Prior work on active aerodynamic load control (AALC) of wind turbine blades has demonstrated that appropriate use of this technology has the potential to yield significant reductions in blade loads, leading to a decrease in wind cost of energy. While the general concept of AALC is usually discussed in the context of multiple sensors and active control devices (such as flaps) distributed over the length of the blade, most work to date has been limited to consideration of a single control device per blade with very basic Proportional Derivative controllers, due to limitations in the aeroservoelastic codes used to perform turbine simulations. This work utilizes a new aeroservoelastic code developed at Delft University of Technology to model the NREL/Upwind 5 MW wind turbine to investigate the relative advantage of utilizing multiple-device AALC. System identification techniques are used to identify the frequencies and shapes of turbine vibration modes, and these are used with modern control techniques to develop both Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) LQR flap controllers. Comparison of simulation results with these controllers shows that the MIMO controller does yield some improvement over the SISO controller in fatigue load reduction, but additional improvement is possible with further refinement. In addition, a preliminary investigation shows that AALC has the potential to reduce off-axis gearbox loads, leading to reduced gearbox bearing fatigue damage and improved lifetimes.
Steady-State Cavitating Nozzle Flows With Nucleation

Quasi-one-dimensional steady-state cavitating nozzle flows with bubble nucleation and nonlinear bubble dynamics are considered using a continuum bubbly liquid flow model. The onset of cavitation is modeled using an improved version of the classical nucleation equation and the nonlinear dynamics of cavitating bubbles is described by the classical Rayleigh-Plesset equation. Using a polytropic law for the partial gas pressure within the bubble, stable steady-state flows with stationary shock waves as well as unstable flashing flow solutions were observed, similar to the homogeneous nozzle flow solutions given by Wang and Brennen[1] and by Delale et al.[2]. In particular, the unstable flashing flow instabilities encountered can be stabilized by accounting for thermal damping and/or flow unsteadiness.
JOINT LOADING WHILE PERFORMING A SIDE-STEP CUTTING MANOUEVRE ON ARTlClAL GRASS TURF WITH DIFFERENT INFILL DEPTHS

The aim of this study was to determine differences in the joint loadings when performing side-step action on artificial grass turf with different infill depths. Significant changes in the ankle inversion angle (Ankle angle Y; p=0.01; ES=0.73), ankle inversion/eversion moment (Ankle moment Y; p=0.03; ES=0.54) and ankle abduction-adduction moment (Anklemoment Z; p=0.01; ES=0.76) at GRFSeak suggests greater loadings, in particular, at the ankle jint when performing the side-step manoeuvres on artificial grass turfs with thicker infill depths; indicating that all of the lower extremity adaptations to execute the stepside occurs at the ankle rather than the knee. A change in infill depths will cause the body posture to adopt a change in technique when executing the side-step manoeuvre. It is possible that greater joint moments elicited could be of risk to the athletes.
The Role of Construction in the Housing Boom and Bust in Spain

This paper describes a quantitative model developed to account for the change in the level of house prices (boom-and-bust cycle) in Spain. The driving forces behind the housing boom are residential investment, immigration, current account de…cits, and the elimination of land regulation. The model emphasizes the interaction of housing supply (determined by the existing stock of residential investment and new construction) with market demand. A calibrated version of the model for the Spanish economy replicates the key aggregate of the economy in 1995. The model predicts that a change in observed fundamentals can rationalize at least 84 percent of the recent boom in the value of housing capital. The model suggests that without large current account de…cits and demographic changes the housing boom could have been much smaller. With respect to the housing bust, the model suggests that the combination of increasing mortgage
Evolutionary Cloud for Cooperative UAV Coordination

This report is dedicated to considerations and perspectives for the strategy of using unmanned aerial vehicles and Cloud Computing in emergency situations in a Smart City environment. The aim is to provide inspiring insights in this highly complex problem from a technological and a tactical point of view. This specific case can be seen as a member of a family of similar problems, and hence the solutions proposed in this chapter can be used to solve a large set of related cases. The efficient use of the presented set-up would require to solve a time-consuming multi-objective optimization problem, which one could at least partially solve using some form of Evolutionary Computing. Emergency situations, by default, are unpredictable and often involves incomplete information which might be supplemented over time. The changing situation creates an unpredictable complexity for the computational problem and therefore we will need to cope with bursts in the need for computational power. To overcome this problem we propose to perform the computation using Cloud Computing. This solution also improves the robustness of the overall system because it provides fail-over and content replication. In order to integrate and analyze the various measurements performed by the robots we suggest the use of Semantic Web technologies. However, the size of the sensing data can be grow to enormous sizes and we note that this problem can be considered as a Big Semantic Data problem. Based on our earlier work, we propose to tackle this problem using an Evolving Knowledge Ecosystem.
Influence of legs and udder evaluation on longevity and selected milk production parameters in Czech fleckvieh and Montbeliarde cattle.

TOUŠOVÁ RENÁTA, DUCHÁČEK JAROMÍR, STANĚK STANISLAV, PTÁČEK MARTIN, STÁDNÍK LUDĚK, GAŠPARÍK MATÚŠ, RYBA ONDŘEJ. 2017. Influence of Legs and Udder Evaluation on Longevity and Selected Milk Production Parameters in Czech Fleckvieh and Montbeliarde Cattle. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 65(4): 1303–1308. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of udder and legs formation on longevity traits (average lactation at culling, lifelong production) and milk production (maximum amount of milk per lactation, fat content in % and kg, protein content in % and kg) in Czech Fleckvieh, Montbeliarde and their crossbreds. Total 2725 culled Czech Fleckvieh, Montbeliarde cows, and their crossbreeds from two farms were put into dataset. Statistical analysis was performed by SAS 9.3 program. The model equation contained effect of breed, housing, legs formation, and udder formation. The groups for legs (<74.61 points, 74.61 – 81.90 points, >81.90 points) and udder (<76.94 points, 76.94 – 81.75 points, >81.75 points) formation were created according arithmetic means and standard deviation. The best results for longevity were in legs formation parameters achieved in group <74.61 points. On the other hand, the best results for milk yield parameters were in legs formation achieved in group >81.90 points. In evaluation udder formation groups were the best and significant (P < 0.05 – 0.01) results for longevity and milk production achieved in group >81.75 points. Only parameters fat and protein percentages were better in group <76.94 points according udder formation. Generally, we can conclude that udder formation was more important than legs formation. From the results we can also conclude that cows with correct exterior do achieve higher longevity and milk production. This confirmed the importance of choosing cows for breeding purposes not only with high potential for milk production, but also for correct exterior parameters and formation.
Help-Seeking Among Undergraduate Men and Women in Engineering

Help Seeking Among Undergraduate Men and Women in Engineering Dr. Joanna Wolfe, Carnegie Mellon University Jaime Allen Fawcett, Carnegie Mellon University Jaime Allen Fawcett recently completed her undergraduate studies at Carnegie Mellon University in December 2014 where she received a degree in Professional Writing and an additional degree in Creative Writing. Her research interests include pedagogical practices, educational policy and cultural attitudes that influence learning and development for students with specific learning disabilities. Dr. Beth A Powell, Tennessee Technological University
Social context and fairness perceptions: The role of status

This study investigates how induced relative status affects fairness perceptions measured by satisfaction from different relative payoffs. We find that participants with lower status are less dissatisfied with disadvantageous payoff inequalities than equal or higher status participants. In contrast, when receiving an advantageous payoff, status does not influence satisfaction. Our findings suggest that relative social status has important implications for the acceptance of income inequalities.