Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity of Interpersonal Problems Among Depressed Young Adults: Associations With Substance Abuse and Pathological Personality Traits

This study extended previous theory and research on interpersonal heterogeneity in depression by identifying groups of depressed young adults who differ in their type and degree of interpersonal problems, and by examining patterns of pathological personality traits and alcohol abuse among these groups. We examined the interpersonal problems, personality traits, and alcohol-related problems of 172 college students with at least moderate levels of self-reported depression on the Patient Health Questionnaire (Spitzer, Kroenke, & Williams, 1999). Scores from the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems–Short Circumplex (Soldz, Budman, Demby, & Merry, 1995) were subjected to latent profile analysis, which classified individuals into 5 distinct groups defined by the types of interpersonal problems they experience (dominant, warm, submissive, cold, and undifferentiated). As hypothesized, groups did not differ in depression severity, but did show predicted patterns of differences on normative and maladaptive personality traits, as well as alcohol-related problems. The presence of clinically meaningful interpersonal heterogeneity in depression could have important implications for designing more individualized treatments and prevention efforts for depression that target diverse associated interpersonal problems.
Protective Effect of Silybum marianum and Silibinin on Endothelial Cells Submitted to High Glucose Concentration

Abstract Silybum marianum Gaertn. (Milk thistle) has been used since ancient times for the relief of liver diseases characterized by intense oxidative stress such as inflammatory liver disease and cirrhosis. As oxidative stress by hyperglycemia is involved in micro- and macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes, our aim was to assess the protective effect of milk thistle seed extract against oxidative stress induced by a high glucose concentration on endothelial cells (EA.hy926 cells). High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis shows flavonolignans silychristin and silibinin A and B as major components. No cell toxicity was observed for concentrations up to 100 µg/mL of milk thistle extract for 24 h. Concentrations of 5–25 µg/mL of the extract were used to assess the protective effect on EA.hy926 cells treated with 30 mM glucose for 24 h. Oxidative damage by 30 mM glucose was shown as a significant decrease in reduced glutathione and a significant increase in protein carbonyls and antioxidant enzyme activities. S. marianum extract recovered reduced glutathione and balanced the elevated carbonyls and enzyme activity. Silibinin alone also recovered reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzymes. S. marianum protects endothelial cell against oxidative damage by modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced glutathione, and protein carbonyl levels.
The Relationship between Financial Reporting Quality and Investment Efficiency in Tehran Stock Exchange

One of the objectives of financial reporting is to facilitate the efficient allocation of capital in the economy. One of most important aspects of this fact is to improve the investment decisions. Also, increase in the financial transparency can be considered as a useful factor to reduce investment inefficiency. Many factors influence the quality of financial reporting. Also, many factors can have an impact on financial reporting. Several studies have tried to investigate the link between the financial reporting quality and financial and non-financial variables of firms. The main approach of this research was to investigate the relationship between financial reporting quality and investment efficiency and the factors affecting the firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2012. Results of statistical analyses on 93 firms in Tehran Stock Exchange showed that the financial reporting quality had a significant positive correlation with the investment efficiency. Furthermore, it was found that there was a direct link between firm size and growth opportunities with investment efficiency. Finally, it was found that there was no correlation between cash holdings and tangibility of assets with investment efficiency.
Relative Employment, Gender Beliefs, and Intimate Partner Coercion and Violence Against New Mothers Across Marital and Residential Contexts

This research builds on prior studies of intimate partner victimization by examining the impact of women’s and men’s relative employment, gender traditionalism, and gender distrust on coercive control and physical victimization among married, cohabiting, and noncohabiting couples with infants. It merges feminist approaches that emphasize the gendered meaning of work, power, and violence with prior insights regarding differences in levels of intimate violence across family forms. Specifically, this research recognizes that there is variation across married, cohabiting, and dating contexts in the symbolic meaning of work, the salience of traditionalism, and the tenuous status of relationships that may activate gender distrust in the production of compensatory violence and control. Logistic regression models using baseline and Year 1 Fragile Families and Child Well-Being data (n = 2,337) indicate that the predictors of coercive control differ across couple types, with the relative odds of coercion higher among couples in which only the woman is employed, but only when cohabiting. Consistent with expectations, men’s gender traditionalism increases coercive control, but only in the context of marriage. Relative employment and gender beliefs did not predict physical victimization among any couple types, but a moderating effect of men’s gender distrust on women’s sole employment was identified, such that status inconsistency in employment increases the relative odds of physical victimization only when the male partner is distrustful of women.
Distribution of fibronectin in normal and regenerating skeletal muscle

The distribution of fibronectin in normal and regenerating skeletal muscle (the latter caused by autotransplantation) was investigated by means of indirect immunofluorescent technique. Normal myofibers exhibited a thin, continuous pericellular (endomysium) fibronectin distribution; however, their sarcoplasm was devoid of fibronectin. After autotransplantation, the skeletal muscle fibers underwent a process of degeneration that was followed by regeneration from the premyogenic satellite cells. These cells multiplied, fused to form myotubes, and matured into new myofibers. A decrease and an eventual loss of endomysial fibronectin was seen in the degenerating myofibers. At the same time, fibronectin appeared in the sarcoplasm. No significant fibronectin was expressed in the myogenic zone until the formation of myotubes which possessed a complete, circular fibronectin ring. The sarcoplasm of the myotubes lacked fibronectin. Since fibronectin is a component of basement membrane of several tissues, its disappearance and reappearance can be used to follow the fate of basement membrane. We conclude that fibronectin may not be essential for early myogenesis and that regenerated myotubes form an entirely new or at least certain new molecular components of their basement membrane. The present muscle autotransplantation model can be used to further study the role of fibronectin during myogenesis and cell transformation in vivo.
Minimal Detection of Nuclear Mutations in XP‐V and Normal Cells Treated with Oxidative Stress Inducing Agents

Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be induced by exposure to various chemicals and radiation. One type of damage in DNA produced by ROS is modification of guanine to 7,8‐dihydro‐8‐oxoguanine (8‐oxoG). This particular alteration to the chemistry of the base can inhibit the replication fork and has been linked to mutagenesis, cancer, and aging. In vitro studies have shown that the translesion synthesis polymerase, DNA polymerase η (pol η), is able to efficiently bypass 8‐oxoG in DNA. In this study, we wanted to investigate the mutagenic effects of oxidative stress, and in particular 8‐oxoG, in the presence and absence of pol η. We quantified levels of oxidative stress, 8‐oxoG levels in DNA, and nuclear mutation rates. We found that most of the 8‐oxoG detected were localized to the mitochondrial DNA, opposed to the nuclear DNA. We also saw a corresponding lack of mutations in a nuclear‐encoded gene. This suggests that oxidative stress’ primary mutagenic effects are not predominantly on genomic DNA.
Safety assessment of DHA-rich microalgae from Schizochytrium sp.

The purpose of this series of studies was to assess the genotoxic potential of docosahexaenoic acid-rich microalgae from Schizochytrium sp. (DRM). DRM contains oil rich in highly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA n-3) is the most abundant PUFA component of the oil ( approximately 29% w/w of total fatty acid content). DHA-rich extracted oil from Schizochytrium sp. is intended for use as a nutritional ingredient in foods. All in vitro assays were conducted with and without mammalian metabolic activation. DRM was not mutagenic in the Ames reverse mutation assay using five different Salmonella histidine auxotroph tester strains. Mouse lymphoma suspension assay methodology was found to be inappropriate for this test material because precipitating test material could not be removed by washing after the intended exposure period and the precipitate interfered with cell counting. The AS52/XPRT assay methodology was not subject to these problems and DRM was tested and found not to be mutagenic in the CHO AS52/XPRT gene mutation assay. DRM was not clastogenic to human peripheral blood lymphocytes in culture. Additionally, DRM did not induce micronucleus formation in mouse bone marrow in vivo further supporting its lack of any chromosomal effects. Overall, the results of this series of mutagenicity assays support the conclusion that DRM does not have any genotoxic potential.
Implementing a Pilot Program of Advanced Directives in Nursing Homes

This project focused on employing a comprehensive advance directive, called Five Wishes, that is suited to a process-oriented approach emphasizing a discussion of personal, social, and emotional needs in end-of-life care. With findings of a limited number of advance directives completed, the traditional explanation of the ‘onset of progressive deterioration’ among the residents is offered. Residents with low sense of self-efficacy is suggested as another explanation and one worthy of further research.
Carbon ion radiotherapy of human lung cancer attenuates HIF‐1 signaling and acts with considerably enhanced therapeutic efficiency

Carbon ion irradiation is an emerging therapeutic option for various tumor entities. Radiation resistance of solid tumors toward photon irradiation is caused by attenuation of DNA damage in less oxygenated tumor areas and by increased hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1 signaling. Carbon ion irradiation acts independently of oxygen;however, the role of HIF‐1 is unclear. We analyzed the effect of HIF‐1 signaling after carbon ions in comparison to photons by using biological equivalent radiation doses in a human non‐small‐cell cancer model. The studies were performed in cultured A549 and H1299 cell lines and in A549 xenografts. Knockdown of HIF‐1α in vivo combined with photon irradiation delayed tumor growth (23 vs. 13 d; P<0.05). Photon irradiation induced HIF‐1α and target genes, predominantly in oxygenated cells (1.6‐fold; P<0.05), with subsequent enhanced tumor angiogenesis (1.7‐fold; P<0.05). These effects were not observed after carbon ion irradiation. Micro‐DNA array analysis indicated that photons, but not carbon ions, significantly induced components of the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway (gene set enrichment analysis; P<0.01) as relevant for HIF‐1α induction. After carbon ion irradiation in vivo, we observed substantially decreased HIF‐1α levels (8.9‐fold; P<0.01) and drastically delayed tumor growth (P<0.01), an important finding that indicates a higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) than anticipated from the cell survival data. Taken together, the evidence showed that carbon ions mediate an improved therapeutic effectiveness without tumor‐promoting HIF‐1 signaling. —Subtil, F. S. B. , Wilhelm, J., Bill, V. , Westholt, N. , Rudolph, S. , Fischer, J., Scheel, S. , Seay, U. , Fournier, C. , Taucher‐Scholz, G. , Scholz, M. , Seeger, W. , Engenhart‐Cabillic, R. , Rose, F. , Dahm‐Daphi, J., Hänze, J. Carbon ion radiotherapy of human lung cancer attenuates HIF‐1 signaling and acts with considerably enhanced therapeutic efficiency. FASEB J. 28, 1412–1421 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Reliability of Reporting on Life-Style and Agricultural Factors by a Sample of Participants in the Agricultural Health Study from Iowa

Repeat interviews from 4,088 Iowa pesticide applicators participating in the Agricultural Health Study provided the opportunity to evaluate the reliability of self-reported information on pesticide use and various demographic and life-style factors. Self-completed questionnaires were administered 1 year apart when participants returned to county agricultural extension offices for pesticide certification or training. Percentage agreement for ever-/never-use of specific pesticides and application practices was quite high, generally ranging from 70% to more than 90%, and did not vary by age, educational level, or farm size. Agreement was lower (typically 50–60%) for duration, frequency, or decade of first use of specific pesticides. Level of agreement regarding pesticide use in this population is similar to that generally found for factors typically used in epidemiologic studies such as tobacco use and higher than typically reported for diet, physical activity, and medical conditions.
Dual-Band Stacked Annular Slot/Patch Antenna for Omnidirectional Radiation

This letter presents the design of a new omnidirectional antenna, which is composed of annular slot and annular patch stacked together for dual-band operation at 2.5 and 3.5 GHz. The influence of the antenna parameters on the dual-band operation is given with simulations. A prototype of the proposed antenna was manufactured with FR4 substrates for the purpose of demonstration. The measured reflection coefficient exhibits dual-band operation at 2.32 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 19.3%, and at 3.59 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 18.6%. The stable measured omnidirectional radiation patterns can be obtained at both frequencies. The agreement between the measured and simulated patterns can be observed from the experimental results.
Mucormycoses caused by Lichtheimia species

Mucormycoses are life‐threatening infections with fungi from the order Mucorales (Mucoromycotina). Although mucormycoses are uncommon compared to other fungal infections, e.g. aspergillosis and candidiasis, the number of cases is increasing especially in immunocompromised patients. Lichtheimia (formerly Absidia) species represent the second to third most common cause of mucormycoses in Europe. This mini review presents current knowledge about taxonomy and clinical relevance of Lichtheimia species. In addition, clinical presentation and risk factors will be discussed. Proper animal infection models are essential for the understanding of the pathogenesis and the identification of virulence factors of fungal pathogens. To date, several animal models have been used to study Lichtheimia infection. A brief overview of the different models and the main conclusions from the infection experiments is summarised in this review.
Association of HLA-DRB1*01 with Dupuytren’s disease

Objectives: To explore the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 allele frequency in Dupuytren’s disease (DD). Method: HLA-DRB1 genotypes were analysed by sequence-specific primers (SSPs) in samples collected from 172 men participating in a nested case–control study on the clinical manifestations and progression of DD. Of those, 121 had signs of DD while 51 did not. Of the 121 men with DD, 49 had contracted fingers or had been operated on, while 72 had nodules or fibrous cords in the palms. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were used to evaluate the results. Results: The HLA-DRB1*01 allele was observed in 26 of the 121 affected men (23.7%) but in only four of the controls (7.8%) (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.06–9.75). The HLA-DRB1*01 allele frequency in those affected was 11%, while in the control group it was 4% (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.05–9.03). Conclusions: This observation indicates a possible association of HLA-DRB1*01 with DD, but further studies are needed for confirmation.
Regular consumption of a complementary food fortified with ascorbic acid and ferrous fumarate or ferric pyrophosphate is as useful as ferrous sulfate in maintaining hemoglobin concentrations >105 g/L in young Bangladeshi children.

BACKGROUND Non-water-soluble iron compounds have been reported to be less well absorbed than ferrous sulfate in young children, and concern has been raised about their usefulness as food fortificants. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the usefulness of ferrous fumarate and ferric pyrophosphate, compared with ferrous sulfate, in maintaining hemoglobin concentrations >105 g/L in Bangladeshi children. DESIGN Two hundred thirty-five children aged 7-24 mo (hemoglobin >105 g/L) were randomly assigned in a double-blind study to receive an infant cereal fortified with ferrous fumarate, ferric pyrophosphate, or ferrous sulfate. One serving of cereal (9.3 mg Fe; molar ratio of ascorbic acid to iron of 3:1) was consumed per day, 6 d/wk, for 9 mo. Blood samples were drawn at 4.5 and 9 mo. RESULTS Raw data were reformatted, and a "time to event" was calculated that corresponded to reaching the following thresholds: hemoglobin <105 g/L, plasma ferritin <12 microg/L, or plasma C-reactive protein >10 mg/L at baseline, 4.5 mo, or 9 mo. Data were censored when children did not reach the threshold or were lost to follow-up. A Kaplan-Meier approach was used to compare the 3 groups. No statistically significant differences were observed for hemoglobin <105 g/L (P = 0.943), plasma ferritin <12 microg/L (P = 0.601), or plasma C-reactive protein >10 mg/L (P = 0.508). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to earlier concerns, these results do not indicate differences in usefulness between water-soluble and non-water-soluble iron compounds in maintaining hemoglobin concentrations and preventing iron deficiency. These data will be important in the development of food-fortification strategies to combat anemia and iron deficiency in highly vulnerable population groups.
[Daily and nightly fluctuation of intraocular pressure and blood pressure in glaucoma and non-glaucoma patients].

PURPOSE To determine and compare 24-hour fluctuations of intraocular pressure (IOP) and systemic blood pressure (BP) in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) versus non-glaucoma patients. METHODS Applanation IOP and BP were measured every 2 hours by one observer for 24 hours in 102 patients. The patients were classified: group 1 - 21 patients with OHT and POAG without treatment, group 2 - 40 patients with OHT and POAG with a satisfactory diurnal therapeutic control of IOP (daytime IOP ? 21 mmHg), group 3 - 13 patients with POAG with unsatisfactory control of IOP under maximal tolerated medication (daytime IOP > 21 mmHg), and group 0-28 non-glaucoma patients (control group). RESULTS In all glaucoma patients groups 24-hour IOP fluctuations were greater than in the control group (group 0 - 3.62 +/- 0.82 mmHg, ANOVA p < 0.001). Untreated OHT/POAG had 24-hour IOP fluctuations significantly greater than those with good therapeutic control (group 1 - 5.66 +/- 1.66 mmHg versus group 2 - 4.27 +/- 1.86 mmHg, p = 0.0001). POAG with uncontrolled IOP under maximal tolerated medication had the 24-hour IOP fluctuations significantly greater than the other groups (group 3 - 8.38 +/- 3.78 mmHg, p? 0.0001). In these patients there was an evident nocturnal mean IOP peak between 0-2 am which temporally correlates with nocturnal systemic BP "dip". Nocturnal IOP peaks (between 11 pm-7 am) were found more frequently in treated glaucoma patients (45.28% - groups 2 and 3 versus 10.2% - groups 0 and 1, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Circadian lOP fluctuations in glaucoma patients, even with a satisfactory diurnal therapeutic control, are greater than in the age-matched control subjects. Patients with uncontrolled lOP under topical maximal tolerated medication had the greatest 24-hour lOP fluctuations. Nocturnal lOP peaks occur more often in medically treated patients and 24-hour monitoring of lOP may be useful in this patients.
Risk factors for gas-related complications of peroral endoscopic myotomy in achalasia.

BACKGROUND Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a novel endoscopic technique for the treatment of achalasia. However, there are POEM-associated complications, the most common of which being gas-related. The aim of the current study was to determine the occurrence of and risk factors for gas-related complications of POEM in patients with achalasia. METHODS Retrospective analyses were performed on the clinical data of 216 achalasia patients receiving POEM at our hospital during the period from August 2011 to November 2013. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to look for potential risk factors for gas-related complications. RESULTS The rate of gas-related complications was 10.2% (22/216). Univariate analyses indicated that simple longitudinal mucosal incision, tunnel width ≤ 3 cm, sigmoid-type oesophagus, myotomy depth and operative time were risk factors for gas-related complications (p < 0.05). Multivariate analyses indicated that simple longitudinal mucosal incision, tunnel width ≤ 3 cm and sigmoid-type oesophagus were risk factors for the complications (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Simple longitudinal mucosal incision, tunnel width ≤ 3 cm and sigmoid-type oesophagus are independent risk factors for gas-related complications for achalasia during POEM, but not myotomy depth and operative time.
Genetic heterogeneity in Malattia Leventinese

Malattia Leventinese (ML) is a dominant macular dystrophy characterized by drusen at the posterior pole. ML has been associated with a single mutation (R345W) in the EGF‐containing fibulin‐like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP‐1) gene, but also the EFEMP‐2 gene, known to share genetic homology with EFEMP‐1, is considered a candidate gene for this genetic disorder. We have characterized clinically and genetically seven members of a three‐generation family affected by ML. Results showed that five family members were clinically affected but the DNA sequencing failed to reveal the typical R345W mutation. Furthermore, the linkage analysis to EFEMP‐1 (using polymorphic markers D2S337 and D2S2368) and to EFEMP‐2 (using D11S987 and D11S1314 markers) gave negative results. Therefore, our results suggest EFEMP‐1 or EFEMP‐2 genes cannot be excluded as being responsible for ML but other genes have to be considered in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Carbon Nanotubes as High-Pressure Cylinders and Nanoextruders

Closed-shell carbon nanostructures, such as carbon onions, have been shown to act as self-contracting high-pressure cells under electron irradiation. We report that controlled irradiation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes can cause large pressure buildup within the nanotube cores that can plastically deform, extrude, and break solid materials that are encapsulated inside the core. We further showed by atomistic simulations that the internal pressure inside nanotubes can reach values higher than 40 gigapascals. Nanotubes can thus be used as robust nanoscale jigs for extruding and deforming hard nanomaterials and for modifying their properties, as well as templates for the study of individual nanometer-sized crystals under high pressure.