Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF SELF MEDICATION AMONG THE PEOPLE OF BHOPAL REGION MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA

The aim of study is to gat her information on extent of se lf medication practice. The out come of the study will provide data regarding reasons, public awareness and safety aspects of self medication in Bhopal city. It was a questionnaire based survey which was conducted on adult ma le and female population in Bhopal region. On a personal interview session questions were asked to the participants and responses were noted. Questionnaire include the variables like conditions, reason, system of medicine used, type of medicine consumed an d source of information etc of self medication. Self medication is practiced mostly by males (58.6%) favoring the age group of 20 - 30 years. Out of 116 participants 56.8% said that they got information on self medication from chemist, 25% people got infor mation by advertisements. Maximum participants (58.6%) considered that they use self medication for quick relief, 23.2% said that they have lack of time to go to doctors due to their busy sch edule. Very common medicine used for self medication is paracetamol which was preferred by 34.4% of the participants and 18.9% like to have Disprin. Self medication for headache (25.8%), fever (36.2 %) and body pain (32.7%) are most common. Self medication is very common among the young male with high prevalence rate. L iteracy and the economy are the major factors of self medication in the peoples. Although general ly people have knowledge, but more awareness on self medication is needed.
Are population‐based patient‐reported outcomes associated with overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer?

Advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) patients often have substantial symptom burden. In Ontario, patients routinely complete the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), which screens for nine symptoms (scale: 0‐10), in cancer clinics. We explored the association between baseline patient‐reported outcomes, via ESAS, and overall survival (OS).
Computational approach to correcting joint instability in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation

Patellar dislocation is a debilitating injury common in active adolescents and young adults. Conservative treatment after initial dislocation is often recommended, but almost half of these patients continue to suffer from recurrent dislocation. The objective of this study was to compare preoperative patellofemoral joint stability with stability after a series of simulated procedures, including restorative surgery to correct to pre‐injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, patient‐specific reconstructive surgery to correct anatomic abnormality, less invasive patient‐specific surgery, and equivalent healthy controls. Three‐dimensional, subject‐specific finite element models of the patellofemoral joint were developed for 28 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. A 50 N lateral load was applied to the patella to assess the lateral stability of the patellofemoral joint at 10° intervals from 0° to 40° flexion. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, along with reconstructive procedures to correct anatomic abnormality were simulated. Of all the simulations performed, the healthy equivalent control models showed the least patellar internal–external rotation, medial–lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament restraining load during lateral loading tests. Isolated restorative medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction was the surgery that resulted in the most patellar internal–external rotation, medial–lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament reaction force across all flexion angles. Patient‐specific reconstruction to correct anatomic abnormality was the only surgical group to have non‐significantly different results compared with the healthy equivalent control group across all joint stability metrics evaluated. Statement of clinical significance: This study suggests patient‐specific reconstructive surgery that corrects underlying anatomic abnormalities best reproduces the joint stability of an equivalent healthy control when compared with the pre‐injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, and less invasive patient‐specific surgery. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:768‐776, 2020
Abnormal distraction and load‐specific connectivity during working memory in cognitively normal Parkinson's disease

Visuospatial working memory impairments are common in Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study investigated abnormalities in context‐dependent functional connectivity of working memory hubs in PD. Cognitively normal PD and control participants underwent fMRI while performing a visuospatial working memory task. To identify sources of dysfunction, distraction, and load‐modulated connectivity were disentangled for encoding and retrieval phases of the task. Despite normal working memory performance in PD, two features of abnormal connectivity were observed, one due to a loss in normal context‐related connectivity and another related to upregulated connectivity of hubs for which the controls did not exhibit context‐dependent connectivity. During encoding, striatal‐prefrontal coupling was lost in PD, both during distraction and high memory loads. However, long‐range connectivity of prefrontal, medial temporal and occipital hubs was upregulated in a context‐specific manner. Memory retrieval was characterized by different aberrant connectivity patterns, wherein precuneus connectivity was upregulated during distraction, whereas prefrontal couplings were lost as memory load approached capacity limits. Features of abnormal functional connectivity in PD had pathological and compensatory influences as they correlated with poorer working memory or better visuospatial skills. The results offer new insights into working memory‐related signatures of aberrant cortico–cortical and corticostriatal functional connections, which may portend future declines in different facets of working memory.
Factors Associated with Use of Maternal Health Services in Nepal: Analysis of the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey.

BACKGROUND Timely access and use of health services are critical for improving maternal health services. The objective of present study is to identify key factors related to antenatal care and institutional delivery services in Nepal. METHODS Data from the Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2016 was analyzed. Women who have taken four or more antenatal checkup (ANC4+), and who delivered at a health Institution were considered outcome variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to compute odds ratio. Women (15-49) having most recent birth in 5 years preceding the survey were included in the study. RESULTS 69.4% women had taken four or more ANC and 60.6 % had given delivery at a health institution. Age of mother at birth of child, birth order, residence, and ethnicity were significantly associated with use of maternal health service. Educated were 3.79(CI2.83-5.08) times likely to take ANC4+ and 2.71 (CI 2.05-3.57) times likely to give birth at health institution. Richest women were 2.25(CI2.83-5.08) times likely to utilize the ANC4+ service and 9.48(CI6.46-13.91) times likely to give birth at health institution. Women in Province 7 were 3.16(CI2.14-4.67) times likely to utilize ANC4+ service and 2.71(CI 1.83-4.05) times likely to give delivery in health institution compared to women in Province 6. CONCLUSIONS Higher educated and richest women were using antenatal care and institutional delivery compared to less educated. The finding reinforces importance of empowering women with education and improving economic situation.
Obesity is associated with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Nephritis and development of end-stage renal disease in children

Abstract Objectives: To explore the association of obesity with the occurrence of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Nephritis (HSPN) and development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP). Methods: This was a retrospective study of 446 pediatric patients with diagnosed HSP. All patients’ demographic characteristics, clinical features, and laboratory data were collected from the electronic medical records in hospitals from January 2008 to December 2014, and the prognosis was followed up till December 2018. Multivariate logistic regression and the Cox proportional hazard regression were employed for exploring the potential risk factors for occurrence of HSPN and development of ESRD, respectively. Results: It is reported that 35.2% (n = 157) of HSP patients had HSPN. The multivariate logistic regression showed that obesity (OR = 3.82; 95% CI: 1.92–7.49; p < .01), age over 6 years old at onset (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.32–4.87; p < .01) and angioedema (OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.25–4.02; p < .01) were significantly associated with the occurrence of HSPN. During a median follow-up of 52.0 months, 5.2% (n = 23) of HSP patients developed ESRD. The Cox proportional hazard regression indicated that obesity (HR = 3.27; 95% CI: 2.01–6.37; p < .01) and International Study of Kidney Disease of Children (ISKDC) III (HR= 2.88; 95% CI: 1.96–3.80; p < .01) were predictors for the development of ESRD in patients with HSP. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of renal involvement and contributes to the development of ESRD in pediatric patients with HSP.
Accelerometer epoch setting is decisive for associations between physical activity and metabolic health in children

ABSTRACT When analysing physical activity (PA) levels using accelerometry, the epoch setting is critical to capture intensity-specific PA correctly. The aim of the present study was to investigate the PA intensity signatures related to metabolic health in children using different epoch settings. A sample of 841 Norwegian children (age 10.2 ± 0.3 years; BMI 18.0 ± 3.0; 50% boys) provided data on accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+) and several indices of metabolic health (aerobic fitness, abdominal fatness, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, blood pressure) that were used to create a composite metabolic health score. We created intensity spectra from 0–99 to ≥ 10000 counts per minute (cpm) for files aggregated using 1, 10, and 60-second epoch periods and used multivariate pattern analysis to analyse the data. The association patterns with metabolic health differed substantially between epoch settings. The intensity intervals most strongly associated with metabolic health were 7000–8000 cpm for data analysed using 1-second epoch, 5500–6500 cpm for data analysed using 10-second epoch, and 4000–5000 cpm analysed using 60-second epoch. Aggregation of data over different epoch periods has a clear impact on how PA intensities in the moderate and vigorous range are associated with childhood metabolic health.
Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Early Gastric Cancer Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Possible Candidate for Extended Criteria of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

A 73-year-old man visited our hospital for the treatment of an early gastric cancer (GC) lesion. We performed en bloc resection using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for his GC lesion. The present GC lesion was Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated poorly differentiated-type adenocarcinoma invading into the submucosal layer. Recently, accumulating data has shown that the risk of lymph node metastasis from early EBV GC without local lymphovascular infiltration is low. The present patient has been in good health for over three years since ESD. Some cases of early EBV GC with invasion into the submucosal layer may be candidates for further extension of the ESD criteria.
Dispositional Mindfulness is Associated with Heart Rate Reactivity and Recovery in Response to a Lab Stressor.

Heightened perceived stress is consistently associated with symptoms of psychopathology. Perceived stress can be reliability linked with physiological responses, such as increased heart rate. Even though dispositional mindfulness is associated with lower self-reported stress, no studies to-date have examined whether dispositional mindfulness can predict physiological responses to and recovery from stress. We recruited 142 student participants and administered a measure of dispositional mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire - Short Form/FFMQ-SF) and a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Specifically, during the TSST, we instructed participants that they are about to deliver a presentation to a panel of judges, then informed them they no longer need to deliver this presentation, all while measuring their heart rate. We found that total FFMQ-SF and non-reactivity subscale scores were positively and significantly correlated with heart rate reactivity to the lab stressor. Further, we found that the FFMQ-SF facet of non-judgment was negatively and significantly correlated with the time it took for participants' heart rates to return to and stabilize at baseline. The results of this study elucidate potential mechanisms of mindfulness in stress. Specifically, mindfulness may not necessarily make people less reactive to stressors, but may operate through top-down processes to enhance recovery and resilience during stress.
Modeling the Optimal Transportation for Acute Stroke Treatment: The Impact of the Drip-and-Drive Paradigm.

Background and Purpose- Health systems are faced with the challenge of ensuring fast access to appropriate therapy for patients with acute stroke. The paradigms primarily discussed are mothership and drip and ship. Less attention has been focused on the drip-and-drive (DD) paradigm. Our aim was to analyze whether and under what conditions DD would predict the greatest probability of good outcome for patients with suspected ischemic stroke in Northwestern Germany. Methods- Conditional probability models based on the decay curves for endovascular therapy and intravenous thrombolysis were created to determine the best transport paradigm, and results were displayed using map visualizations. Our study area consisted of the federal states of Lower Saxony, Hamburg, and Schleswig-Holstein in Northwestern Germany covering an area of 64 065 km2 with a population of 12 703 561 in 2017 (198 persons per km2). In several scenarios, the catchment area, that is, the region that would result in the greatest probability of good outcomes, was calculated for each of the mothership, drip-and-ship, and the DD paradigms. Several different treatment time parameters were varied including onset-to-first-medical-response time, ambulance-on-scene time, door-to-needle time at primary stroke center, needle-to-door time, door-to-needle time at comprehensive stroke center, door-to-groin-puncture time, needle-to-interventionalist-leave time, and interventionalist-arrival-to-groin-puncture time. Results- The mothership paradigm had the largest catchment area; however, the DD catchment area was larger than the drip-and-ship catchment area so long as the needle-to-interventionalist-leave time and the interventionalist-arrival-to-groin-puncture time remain <40 minutes each. A slowed workflow in the DD paradigm resulted in a decrease of the DD catchment area to 1221 km2 (2%). Conclusions- Our study suggests the largest catchment area for the mothership paradigm and a larger catchment area of DD paradigm compared with the drip-and-ship paradigm in Northwestern Germany in most scenarios. The existence of different paradigms allows the spread of capacities, shares the cost and hospital income, and gives primary stroke centers the possibility to provide endovascular therapy services 24/7.
Integrating machining learning and multimodal neuroimaging to detect schizophrenia at the level of the individual

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder associated with both structural and functional brain abnormalities. In the past few years, there has been growing interest in the application of machine learning techniques to neuroimaging data for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of this disorder. However, the vast majority of studies published so far have used either structural or functional neuroimaging data, without accounting for the multimodal nature of the disorder. Structural MRI and resting‐state functional MRI data were acquired from a total of 295 patients with schizophrenia and 452 healthy controls at five research centers. We extracted features from the data including gray matter volume, white matter volume, amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation, regional homogeneity and two connectome‐wide based metrics: structural covariance matrices and functional connectivity matrices. A support vector machine classifier was trained on each dataset separately to distinguish the subjects at individual level using each of the single feature as well as their combination, and 10‐fold cross‐validation was used to assess the performance of the model. Functional data allow higher accuracy of classification than structural data (mean 82.75% vs. 75.84%). Within each modality, the combination of images and matrices improves performance, resulting in mean accuracies of 81.63% for structural data and 87.59% for functional data. The use of all combined structural and functional measures allows the highest accuracy of classification (90.83%). We conclude that combining multimodal measures within a single model is a promising direction for developing biologically informed diagnostic tools in schizophrenia.
Plasma membrane proteome of adhesion‐competent endometrial epithelial cells and its modulation by Rab11a

Human endometrial epithelium (EE) is composed of a multitude of proteins, amongst which those localized on the plasma membrane [plasma membrane proteins (PMPs)] are of critical relevance in the early stages of implantation. Evidence supports the key role of few PMPs in implantation. However, many remain unidentified, as efforts have not been made till date to generate the plasma membrane proteome of human EE cells, using a gel‐free approach. This study presents a protein catalog of the PMP enriched fraction of Ishikawa cell line; often used as an in vitro model for embryo‐adhesive EE. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry identified 3,598 proteins. Of these, 1,963 proteins were annotated for their membrane localization. Of 1,963 proteins, 1,321 were found to have a transmembrane domain and 43 proteins had glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Extensive data mining revealed endometrial expression of 943 proteins reported in humans and/or rodents. Further, quantitative alterations were observed in the plasma membrane proteome on the perturbation of intracellular trafficking. Silencing of Rab11a (known for its role in plasma membrane organization) expression caused alteration in the abundance of 74 proteins. Caveolin‐1 and EpCAM levels were reduced whereas Rab4a abundance increased in the PMP extracts of Rab11a deficient cells, compared with control cells. Briefly, the study reports the identity of several novel plasma membrane‐localized proteins. A major spin‐off of the study is the identification of novel proteins trafficked by Rab11a to the plasma membrane. Targeted analysis of novel PMPs may reveal their specific roles in endometrial receptivity and implantation.
Cost Effectiveness of Sacral Neuromodulation Versus OnabotulinumtoxinA for Refractory Urgency Urinary Incontinence: Results of the ROSETTA Randomized Trial.

PURPOSE Sacral neuromodulation and intradetrusor injection of onabotulinumtoxinA are therapies for refractory urgency-urinary incontinence. Sacral neuromodulation involves surgical implant of a device that can last 4-6 years, while onabotulinumtoxinA involves serial office injections. Objective was to assess cost-effectiveness of 2-stage implantation sacral neuromodulation versus 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of urgency-urinary incontinence. MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective economic evaluation concurrent with Refractory Overactive Bladder: Sacral NEuromodulation v. BoTulinum Toxin Assessment (ROSETTA) randomized trial of 386 women with ≥ 6 urgency-urinary-incontinence episodes in 3-day diary. Analysis from healthcare system perspective, with primary within-trial analysis for 2 years and secondary 5-year decision analysis. Costs in 2018 U.S. dollars. Effectiveness measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and reductions in urgency-urinary-incontinence episodes/day. Generated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. RESULTS Two-year costs were higher for sacral neuromodulation versus onabotulinumtoxinA ($35,680 [95%CI $33,920-$37,440] versus $7,460 [95%CI $5,780-$9,150], p<0.01), persisting through 5 years ($36,550 [95%CI $34,787-$38,309] versus $12,020 [95%CI $10,330-$13,700], p<0.01). At 2 years, there were no differences in mean reduction in urgency-urinary-incontinence episodes/day (-3.00 [95%CI -3.38 - -2.62] versus -3.12 [95%CI -3.48 - -2.76], p=0.66) or QALYs (1.39 [95%CI 1.34-1.44] versus 1.41 [95%CI 1.36-1.45], p=0.60). The probability that sacral neuromodulation is cost effective relative to onabotulinumtoxinA is less than 0.025 for all willingness-to-pay values below $580,000/QALY at 2 years and $204,000/QALY at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Although both treatments were effective, the high cost of sacral neuromodulation is not good value for treating urgency-urinary incontinence compared with 200 units onabotulinumtoxinA.
Methylation of drug resistance‐related genes in chemotherapy‐sensitive Epstein–Barr virus‐associated gastric cancer

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated gastric cancer (GC) is associated with a high degree of DNA methylation. However, the association between chemotherapy susceptibility and tumor DNA methylation in advanced diseases remains unclear. The comprehensive DNA methylation status of GC cells obtained from an advanced EBV‐associated GC (EBVGC) case, in which complete response to S‐1 plus cisplatin chemotherapy was achieved, was analyzed using a DNA methylation microarray. We compared DNA methylation of GC cells with public data and identified genes with higher methylation in EBVGC cell lines than in normal gastric cells, and genes in which methylation was increased by EBV. Of these genes, ABCG2, AHNAK2, BCL2, FZD1, and TP73 are associated with published evidence for resistance to 5‐fluorouracil and cisplatin. Silencing of these genes may be associated with hypersensitivity to chemotherapy.
Investors’ awareness and perception about mutual funds

Indian mutual fund has gained a lot of popularity from the past few years. Earlier only UTI enjoyed the monopoly in this industry but with the passage of time many new players entered the market, due to which the UTI monopoly breaks down and the industry faces a severe competition. As the time passes this industry has become a buzz word in the Indian financial system. So it is very important to know the investors’ perception about this industry. The present study analyses the mutual fund investments in relation to investor’s behavior. Investors’ opinion and perception has been studied relating to various issues like type of mutual fund scheme, main objective behind investing in mutual fund scheme, role of financial advisors and brokers, investors’ opinion relating to factors that attract them to invest in mutual funds, sources of information, deficiencies in the services provided by the mutual fund managers, challenges before the Indian mutual fund industry etc.