Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyberspace and Identity

In this article the use of the social networking site, Facebook, is scrutinized in the light of Turkle’s work on identity in relation to the internet, as well as of commentaries regarding the growing popularity of the social networking site. The related issue of panopticism regarding sites such as Facebook is examined in the light of the work of Foucault on disciplinary mechanisms in modern society. Virilio gives greater insight on the question of the social consequences of cyberspace as the new “frontier”, and focuses on the decline of language in favour of the growing dominance of images in cyber-domains like Facebook. These findings are finally interpreted with regard to “identity” in terms of Lacan’s conception of the subject. INTRODUCTION: COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY AND IDENTITY In Life on the Screen: Identity in the age of the internet (1995) Sherry Turkle – Professor of the Sociology of Science at MIT (at the time) and cyber-psychoanalytical theorist – explores the social and psychological effects of the Internet on its users. One of her startling findings is that many denizens of cyberspace appear to value their cyber-identities more than their “normal”, embodied selves. The use of the plural – “cyber-identities” – is appropriate here, because invariably the inhabitants of cyberspace construct several identities (or “avatars”) for themselves in the course of frequenting MUDS (Multi-user domains), “chatrooms” and the like. A decade earlier, in The Second Self: Computers and the human spirit (1984), Turkle first examined such identity-transforming relations, but at the time it was still largely a matter of one-on-one, person and machine. The rapidly expanding system of networks, collectively known as the internet, has changed all that, in such a manner that its capacity, via computers, to connect millions of people in new kinds of spaces, has altered the way in which people think, the form of communities, the character of their sexuality and the relative complexity of their very identities (Turkle, 1995: cf 49). One of the most interesting topics she discusses is the connection between specific kinds of cultural environments and certain kinds of psychological disorders. The advent of the internet and its concomitant opening-up of hitherto unheard-of spaces of encounter have gone hand in hand with many other manifestations of multiplicity and diversity in contemporary, postmodern culture. With this in mind it is striking that, simultaneously, the
COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF NaCl AND SEA SALT ON SEED GERMINATION OF ARTHROCNEMUM INDICUM

Arthrocnemum indicum is a stem succulent perennial halophyte from the family Chenopodiaceae. Experiments on seed germination were carried out using NaCl and sea salt (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 & 100 dS m -1 ) at alternating temperature regimes (10:20oC, 15:25 o C, 20:30 o C and 25:35 o C) at photoperiod of 12 h dark: 12 h light and in 24 h dark. Seed germination of A. indicum was substantially delayed and/or prevented with an increase in NaCl and sea salt concentrations. Only few seeds germinated above 20 dS m -1 . Sodium chloride and sea salt differ in their effect on seed germination at all temperature regimes. NaCl prevented more seeds from germination in comparison to sea salt. Optimal germination was obtained in non saline control at lower temperature regime whereas warmer temperatures in our experiment inhibited more seeds from germination. Seed germination was not affected either by photoperiod or dark conditions in non saline control at all temperature regimes. At low NaCl treatments there were significant differences between light and dark germinated seeds at 15:25 o C and 20:30 o C. Seed germination in sea salt was similar in both light and dark conditions except at 20 dS m -1 at 15:25 o C. Highest recovery was obtained at cooler temperature regime of 10:20 o C while lowest at warmer temperature regime of 25:35 o C. Most of the un-germinated seeds were found dead in both salt treatments and their mortality increased with an increase in temperature.
Protective effect of erdosteine against naphthalene-induced oxidative stress in rats

ABSTRACT: In this study the role of free radicals in naphthalene-induced toxicity and the protection by erdosteine are investigated. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a single oral dose of 1100 mg naphthalene/kg in corn oil. Erdosteine was given 50 mg/kg/day orally for 3 days before naphthalene treatment and rats were decapitated 24 hours after naphthalene administration. Liver and kidney tissue samples were taken for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), Na+, K+-ATPase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured in the serum samples, while TNF-
Sex, Security and Superhero(in)es: From 1325 to 1820 and Beyond

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 was adopted in October 2000 with a view to ensuring that all aspects of conflict management, post-conflict reconstruction and peacebuilding be undertaken with a sensitivity towards gender as an axis of exclusion. In this paper, I do not dwell on the successes and shortcomings of UNSCR 1325 for long, instead using a discussion of the Resolution as a platform for analysis of subsequent Resolutions, including UNSCRs 1820 (2008), 1882 (2009), 1888 (2009) and 1889 (2009). This last relates specifically to the participation of women in peacebuilding and post-conflict reconstruction and is the most recent pronouncement of the Security Council on the issue of ‘women and peace and security’. Through this analysis, I draw attention to the expectations of and pressures on (some) women in the arena of peace and security, which can only be alleviated through discursive and material change in attitudes towards equality and empowerment. I argue that the Council is beginning to recognize – and simultaneously to constitute – (some/most) women as agential subjects and suggest that the fragmented and mutable representations of women in Council resolutions offer a unique opportunity for critical engagement with what ‘women’ might be, do or want in the field of gender and security.
Assessing Nutraceutical Alpha Ketoglutarate for Its Effectiveness : 99 m Technetium-Mebrofenin Nuclear Imaging in CCl 4 Induced Hepatotoxic Animal Model

--Alpha Ketoglutarate (AKG), the active metabolite nutraceutical have been available in market and has been demonstrated to have anti-oxidant properties previously. Newer metabolic functioning of this novel metabolite have been under covered recently in microbial studies, indicating there is more to αKG, and it might be an evolutionary molecule and a common linking metabolite which acts to help cell survive when it is exposed to various stressors. The current study assess its hepatoprotective effectiveness in a well-established CCl4 induced acute hepatotoxic animal model, which are now known to have both lipid peroxidation dependent and independent pathways causing liver injury. Parameters assessed included, Biochemical (Liver functioning tests, oxidative stress, antioxidant levels) and histopathological assessment. TcMebrofenin Nuclear (functional imaging) of animals were done, it provides objective validation of other parameters assessed, provides in-vivo quantification of liver functioning and parameters assessed can quantify oxidative and inflammatory pathways to liver injury and intervention response distinctly. Keywords---Alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG), Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4), Hepatotoxicity, 99m Technetium-Mebrofenin
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DEDUCTION DILEMMAS : THE TAIWAN ASSIGNMENT MECHANISM

This paper analyzes the properties of the Taiwan mechanism, used for high school placement nationwide starting in 2014. In the Taiwan mechanism, points are deducted from an applicant's score with larger penalties for lower ranked choices. Deduction makes the mechanism a new hybrid between the well-known Boston and deferred acceptance mechanisms. Our analysis sheds light on why Taiwan's new mechanism has led to massive nationwide demonstrations and why it nonetheless still remains in use. Umut M. Dur North Carolina State University College of Management umutdur@gmail.com Parag A. Pathak Department of Economics, E52-426 MIT 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 and NBER ppathak@mit.edu Fei Song fsong@mit.edu Tayfun Sönmez Boston College Department of Economics 140 Comm. Ave. Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467 tayfun.sonmez@bc.edu
Characteristics of infants with positional abnormal head shapes and their physiotherapy service at an Australian community health facility

Purpose: There is limited biographic information regarding infants presenting with abnormal head shape in Australia and little discussion of the effect of different cutoff values for diagnosis of plagiocephaly. This study aimed to 1) describe the biographic characteristics of infants with positional abnormal head shapes referred for physiotherapy management; 2) explore their access to physiotherapy services and intervention outcomes; and 3) explore the impact of using different modified Cranial Vault Asymmetry Index (mCVAI) cutoff points in plagiocephaly classification. Patients and methods: This retrospective community health record audit included the total cohort of infants referred over concerns about abnormal head shape to a pediatric physiotherapy service at a community health center in Australia from January 2004 to December 2007 (N = 126 valid cases). Data retrieved included: demographic data; birth history; positioning; initial physiotherapy assessment; and factors associated with physiotherapy intervention and outcomes. Results: Of the 126 charts (65 males), 106 infants (84.1%) presented with plagiocephaly, ten (7.9%) with brachycephaly, and ten (7.9%) with combined deformities. Most biographic data from this study were similar to those reported in the literature. The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of infants at referral was 11.29 ± 7.84 weeks, with about 4-weeks wait for assessment. For the plagiocephalic group, there was significant reduction in mCVAI mean value from assessment ( − 5.44% ± 2.95%) to discharge ( − 4.41% ± 2.66%) ( t [ df = 60] =− 5.396; 95% confidence interval [CI]: − 1.66%, − 0.76%; P , 0.001) and significant change in the Argenta Clinical Classification categories ( P , 0.001) after physiotherapy intervention. There was a reduction of approximately 10% in infants classified with significant plagiocephaly when the mCVAI cutoff point increased by 1%. Conclusion: Characteristics of Australian infants presenting with plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, and combined conditions were similar to other reports. Infants with positional head deformities can benefit from physiotherapy intervention. The cutoff point of mCVAI at − 6% is proposed to be appropriate for the provision of ongoing physiotherapy service.
TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ DİNLEDİĞİNİ ÖZETLEME BECERİLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Bu calismada, Turkce ogretmeni adaylarinin bilgilendirici, oykuleyici ve tartismaci metinleri ozetleme durumlari ele alinmistir. Calisma, 2013-2014 egitim ve ogretim yilinda Gazi ve Mustafa Kemal Universitesi Turkce Egitimi Bolumu’nde ogrenim goren 202 dorduncu sinif ogrencisi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Ogrenci ozetleri, baslik yazma, bakis acisini dogru kullanma, anlatim kipini dogru kullanma, onemli bilgiyi secme, onemsiz bilgiyi silme, metin disi bilgiye yer vermeme, tutarli yazma ve kisaltma acisindan degerlendirilmistir. Ayri2ca ozetler; metin turu, cinsiyet, universite ve ogretim turu degiskenleri acisindan da ele alinmistir. Bu amacla bilgilendirici, oykuleyici ve tartismaci metinlerin her biri icin olcut ozet olusturulmus; analizler, arastirmaci tarafindan gelistirilen “Ozetleme Stratejileri Puanlama Olcegi” kullanilarak gerceklestirilmistir. Yapilan analizler sonucunda, ogrencilerin genel olarak vasatin ustunde bir basari gosterdikleri belirlenmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin; baslik yazma, metin disi bilgiye yer vermeme, tutarli yazma ve kisaltma stratejilerini basarili bir sekilde kullanabildikleri; bakis acisini dogru kullanma, anlatim kipini dogru kullanma, onemli bilgiyi secme ve onemsiz bilgiyi silme stratejileri konusunda yeterince basarili olamadiklari anlasilmistir. Ogrencilerin, tartismaci metni ozetleme konusunda, bilgilendirici ve oykuleyici metinlere gore daha basarili olduklari tespit edilmistir. Calismada cinsiyet degiskeni acisindan kizlarin, universite degiskeni acisindan ise Gazi Universitesi ogrencilerinin daha basarili olduklari belirlenmistir. Ogretim turu bakimindan ise birinci ve ikinci ogretim ogrencileri arasinda anlamli bir farka rastlanmamistir.
Temporal variation in relative zircon abundance throughout Earth history

Zircon is the preeminent chronometer of deep time on Earth, informing models of crustal growth and providing our only direct window into the Hadean Eon. However, the quantity of zircon crystallised per unit mass of magma is highly variable, complicating interpretation of the terrestrial zircon record. Here we combine zircon saturation simulations with a dataset of ∼52,000 igneous whole rock geochemical analyses to quantify secular variation in relative zircon abundance throughout Earth history. We find dramatically increasing zircon abundance per mass of magma through geologic time, suggesting that the zircon record underestimates past crustal volume even if preservation bias is eliminated. Similarly, zircons were even less likely to crystallise from low-silica magmas in early Earth history than they are today, together suggesting that the observed Hadean zircon record may require a larger volume of generally felsic Hadean crust than previously expected.
Reactivity of p53 protein in canine transmissible venereal tumor

The expression of p53 protein was evaluated in canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), as following: natural occurrence (n=8); resistant to chemotherapy (n=4); and allogeneic transplanted in progression (n=8), stable (n=8), and regression (n=8)stages. The collected specimens were submitted to GM1 immunohistochemical reaction. Results showed a mean percentage of immunomarked cells around 18.6% in CTVT of natural occurrence, 23.8% in CTVT resistant to chemotherapy, 22.9% in allogeneic transplanted CTVT in both progression and stable stages, and 35.8% in transplanted CTVT in regression stage. The results suggest that there is a functional abnormality in p53 gene and its products in the studied tumors; although, it is not possible to correlate the percentage of cells marked by p53 and a prognosis.
Quantifiers and verification strategies: connecting the dots

In this paper, we replicate the influential study of Hackl (2009), making more specific algorithmic-level predictions based on Hackl’s findings. Hackl argued that two semantically equivalent quantifiers more than half and most are associated with different verification strategies. The results of our experiment diverge in several respects from the original study. We explain the results by focusing on two potential confounds in Hackl’s 2009 experimental set-up: different roles that working memory can play in the verification of different quantifiers and individual differences suggesting the use of various cognitive strategies.
An examination of factors affecting forecast accuracy in Japan

This paper examines the causes of changes in the time-series accuracy of analyst forecasts in Japan. Based on prior research, it is hypothesized that three primary factors drive changes in aggregate forecast accuracy over time: economic conditions, regulation changes and changes in analyst characteristics. During the 23 year sample period, the Japanese economy has experienced growth and recession, financial reporting has been impacted by the ‘Big Bang’ reforms and analyst characteristics have changed. Regression analysis is used to examine the impact of each of these factors on forecast accuracy. Results of analysis suggest that changes in forecast accuracy have been primarily the result of regulatory changes and economic conditions.
Computational genome-wide identification of heat shock protein genes in the bovine genome

Background: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones known to bind and sequester client proteins under stress. Methods: To identify and better understand some of these proteins, we carried out a computational genome-wide survey of the bovine genome. For this, HSP sequences from each subfamily (sHSP, HSP40, HSP70 and HSP90) were used to search the Pfam (Protein family) database, for identifying exact HSP domain sequences based on the hidden Markov model. ProtParam tool was used to compute potential physico-chemical parameters detectable from a protein sequence. Evolutionary trace (ET) method was used to extract evolutionarily functional residues of a homologous protein family. Results: We computationally identified 67 genes made up of 10, 43, 10 and 4 genes belonging to small HSP, HSP40, HSP70 and HSP90 families respectively. These genes were widely dispersed across the bovine genome, except in chromosomes 24, 26 and 27, which lack bovine HSP genes. We found an uncharacterized outer dense fiber ( ODF1) gene in cattle with an intact alpha crystallin domain, like other small HSPs. Physico-chemical characteristic of aliphatic index was higher in HSP70 and HSP90 gene families, compared to small HSP and HSP40. Grand average hydropathy showed that small HSP (sHSP), HSP40, HSP70 and HSP90 genes had negative values except for DNAJC22, a member of HSP40 gene family. The uniqueness of DNAJA3 and DNAJB13 among HSP40 members, based on multiple sequence alignment, evolutionary trace analysis and sequence identity dendrograms, suggests evolutionary distinct structural and functional features, with unique roles in substrate recognition and chaperone functions. The monophyletic pattern of the sequence identity dendrograms of cattle, human and mouse HSP sequences suggests functional similarities. Conclusions: Our computational results demonstrate the first-pass in-silico identification of heat shock proteins and calls for further investigation to better understand their functional roles and mechanisms in Bovidae.
Evaluation of treatment outcome and adverse drug reaction of directly observed treatment (DOT) plus regimen in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients at district tuberculosis centre Rajkot

Background: The emergence of drug-resistant mycobacteria becomes a significant public health problem globally creating an obstacle to effective tuberculosis (TB) control. Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh DRS survey estimated that the proportion of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is 2.1% (in new TB cases) and 15% (in previously treated cases). Programmatic management of MDR-TB implemented under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme in India in 2007. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate treatment outcome and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of category IV. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 MDR-TB patients were analyzed retrospectively who registered and received treatment during the year of 2014 and 2015 at district TB centre, Rajkot. MDR patients who died or transferred out or defaulter before completion of intensive phase were excluded from the analysis. Results: Of total 108 patients majority patients (64.81%) were in young (20–39 years) with m:f: 2:1. All MDR-TB patients were retreated cases and 69.44% were “undernutrition category”. Culture conversion rate was 86.91% at 4 months of treatment. Cure rate was 50.93% while defaulter rate and died rate was same (17.59%). Failure rate was 18.51%. Weight improvement was significantly associated with cure rate. The incidence of ADR was 32.71%. Most frequent ADRs were related to gastrointestinal system (34.42%), ototoxicity (13.11%), and central nervous system (8.1%). Aminoglycosides, cycloserine, and ethambutol were discontinued due to ADR. Majority ADRs (77.04%) were “possible” category by causality assessment and “mild” in severity assessment. Ototoxicity was only severe ADRs observed. Conclusion: Cure rate was improved than previous years at same center. Attention should be paid for defaulters.
Variation in Sepsis-Related Mortality; Implications for Performance Improvement.

Although sepsis mortality has improved in past decade (1, 2), sepsis still contributes to as many as half of all U.S. hospital deaths (3). Thus, many national and statewide initiatives target sepsis recognition and treatment through programs such as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign’s Early Management Bundle, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ SEP-1 performance measure, and New York state’s “Rory’s Regulations”. However, variation in sepsis mortality likely persists and may be both a motivation and target for future initiatives. In this issue of Critical Care Medicine, Hatfield et al (4) examined the variation in short-term sepsis mortality across ~3,000 U.S. hospitals. The study by Hatfield et al (4) included all hospitalizations among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries (2013–2014) with a diagnosis code for severe sepsis or septic shock present on hospital admission. The primary outcome was death. They considered not only in-hospital mortality but also deaths in the 7 days following hospital discharge. These deaths were included since many patients are discharged to hospice or otherwise die shortly after sepsis hospitalization, and this is known to bias hospital comparisons (5, 6). Among the ~420,000 hospitalizations in the study by Hatfield et al (4), 35% died within a week of discharge. Mortality ranged from 0% to 100% across individual hospitals. The
P2X7, a critical regulator and potential target for bone and joint diseases

Abundant evidence indicted that P2X7 receptor show a essential role in human health and some human diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, pulmonary inflammation, tuberculosis infection, psychiatric disorders, and cancer. P2X7 receptor also has an important role in some central nervous system diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, more research suggested that P2X7 receptor also plays a crucial role in bone and joint diseases. But the effect of P2X7 receptor on skeletal and joint diseases has not been systematically reviewed. In this article, the role of P2X7 receptor in skeletal and joint diseases is elaborated. The activation of P2X7 receptor can ameliorate osteoporosis by inducing a fine balance between osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. The activation of P2X7 receptor can relieve the stress fracture injury by increasing the response to mechanical loading and inducing osteogenesis. But the activation of P2X7 receptor mediates the cell growth and cell proliferation in bone cancer. In addition, the activation of P2X7 receptor can aggravate the process of some joint diseases such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute gouty arthritis. The inhibition of P2X7 receptor can alleviate the pathological process of joint disease to some extent. In conclusion, P2X7 receptor may be a critical regulator and therapeutic target for bone and joint diseases.