Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multivariate analysis on dry mass variables in cupuassu progenies (Theobroma grandiflorum) in function of the plant age

The aims of this study was to evaluate the dry matter production in different parts of cupuassu plant (Theobroma grandiflorum), such as leaves, stems, primary and secondary branches in progenies resistant to pests and diseases (Codajas and Manacapuru) in function of the plant age, through the application of multivariate statistical analysis. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Amazonia Oriental for a period of four years, in a randomized design. Samples were taken of five trees of each progeny, resulting in a total of 40 plants, which were separated into leaves, stems, primary and secondary branches. In each group of variables, the assumptions of canonical correlation analysis were tested, such as multivariate normal, the homoscedasticity deviations, multicollinearity, linearity in the dry mass of plant parts and correlation matrices that test the significance of the experimental data. Plants of PMI186 and PMI215 showed significant canonical correlations between the most variable groups of leaves, stems, primary branches and secondary branches, indicating that the groups are not considered independent, showing a linear relationship between them. In the dry matter of leaves, stems, primary and secondary branches index showed a high degree of significance for the Pearson test when related to parts of cupuassu plants. The largest production of total dry matter was obtained in PMI186 with 4332.92 g plant-1 in secondary branches (4th year) and the lowest production showed in PMI215 with 4086.26 g plant-1 in the secondary branch (4th year). Key words: Linear relationships, vegetative growth, cluster analysis.
Critical Stages in the Development of the First Targeted, Injectable Molecular-Genetic Medicine for Cancer

Quietly, cautiously, and steadily, the field of modern medicine recently progressed across a new threshold with the development of Rexin-G, the first and so far, only, targeted injectable molecular genetic medicine to be validated in the clinic. Designed to function within the context and complexities of the human circulatory system, the “smart,” “stealth,” “highly-selective” nanoparticles embodied in Rexin-G travel beyond the reach of the most gifted surgeons, beyond the horizons of the finest catheters, to seek out the biochemical hallmarks of invasive cancers, and to deliver a lethal genetic payload where it is needed most—i.e., targeting the histopathology of the tumor microenvironment. In this invited review, we elaborate upon the critical stages of scientific discovery, molecular-genetic target validation, preclinical studies, pathotropic (disease-seeking) platform development, clinical trial design, molecular pharmacology, regulatory considerations, and GMP production & bioprocessing that, taken together, define the advancement of this tumor-targeted genetic medicine for cancer. In the course of delineating the developmental trajectory of Rexin-G into a series of logical and discrete stages, the authors have endeavored to extract, abstract, and represent a host of molecular biotechnological innovations in an accessible manner, providing (i) a useful overview of the converging fields of applied genetics, nanotechnology, and molecular biotechnology, and (ii) a conceptual basis for advancing new pipeline products in the emerging field of pathotropic medicine.
Vehicle Positioning in GNSS-Deprived Urban Areas by Stereo Visual-Inertial Odometry

Accurate and continuous positioning in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) deprived urban areas is crucial for autonomous vehicles and mobile mapping systems. To achieve this goal, we propose a stereo visual-inertial odometry approach using a multistate constraint Kalman filter (MSCKF). In contrast with the conventional MSCKF, in which an inertial navigation system (INS) propagates the vehicle motion, and then the propagation is corrected by measurements of salient features extracted from images of a single camera, we update the propagation with observations extracted from images of a stereo pair of cameras. This way, additional constraints across the stereo pairs of images are exploited to improve the pose estimation. Experimental results on several KITTI datasets show that the stereo MSCKF outperforms the mono one achieving an average positioning error of 0.9% of the trajectory length compared to 1.3% for the mono approach and 2.5% for INS-only integration. These results show that visual-inertial odometry has a promising potential for vehicle positioning in short periods of GNSS signal outage.
School start time, sleepiness and functioning in Norwegian adolescents

The study's aim was to investigate how school start time affects sleepiness and functioning in Norwegian 10th grade students (N = 106). The intervention school started at 0930 hours on Mondays and 0830 hours the rest of the week. A control school started at 0830 hours all schooldays. The students were assessed on a reaction time test as well as with self-report measures of sleepiness, mood and sleep. The intervention school obtained one hour longer total sleep time on Sunday nights compared to the control school and performed better on the reaction time test on Mondays than on Fridays, relative to the control school. Later school start times may both lengthen nocturnal sleep and increase students' alertness in early morning classes.
Effect of diethyldithiocarbamate in cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity: Immunohistochemical study of superoxide dismutase 1 in rat

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity in Sprague–Dawley rat. DEDTC is a known chelating agent for copper and zinc. It is also used as a thiol protecting agent, as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells inhibitor and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. It is also reported to inhibit superoxide dismutase (SOD) both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Considering this wide range of actions, current study investigated the role of DEDTC in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in experimental rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two male rats were randomized into four groups. Group 1, control received only saline ip; Group 2 and 4, received CP at the dose of 150 mg/kg body weight ip on the 4th day, while Group 3 and 4, received DEDTC at the dose of 250 mg/kg alternatively (fractionated dose of 1000 mg/kg). All the experimental animals were sacrificed on the 7th day and organs of interest were collected for biochemical, histopathological, DNA damage, and immunohistochemical assessments. RESULTS: DEDTC administration was found to further exacerbate the condition of CP-induced kidney damage as assessed by several biochemical and histological parameters. Further, the damage was also significantly reflected in the bladder in DEDTC-treated animals as compared to controls. SOD1 (Cu/Zn- dependent enzyme) expression was found to be decreased and this might be due to the action of DEDTC on SOD and other antioxidants. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that DEDTC administration further exacerbated the CP-induced kidney damage in rat.
Nuclear Scintigraphy in Practice: Gastrointestinal Motility.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical utility of state-of-theart gastrointestinal transit scintigraphy, including the standardized esophageal transit, solid and liquid gastric emptying, small-bowel transit, colon transit, and whole-gut transit scintigraphy, with an emphasis on procedure performance. CONCLUSION Radionuclide gastrointestinal motility studies are noninvasive, quantitative, and physiologic diagnostic tools for evaluating patients with gastrointestinal complaints.
Exosomes from MiR-30d-5p-ADSCs Reverse Acute Ischemic Stroke-Induced, Autophagy-Mediated Brain Injury by Promoting M2 Microglial/Macrophage Polarization

Background/Aims: Recent studies have indicated that exosomes secreted from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have important effects in the treatment of ischemic injury. However, the treatment mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether ADSC-derived exosomes enriched with microRNA (miR)-30d-5p have a protective effect on acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: In the current study, inflammatory factors and miR-30d-5p expression were assessed in 70 subjects with AIS and 35 healthy controls. Exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and further examined using nanoparticle tracking analyses. A rat model of AIS and an in vitro model of oxygen- and glucose-deprived (OGD) primary microglia were established to study the protective mechanism of exosomes from miR-30d-5p-overexpressing ADSCs in ischemia-induced nerve injury. Results: The results showed that following AIS, the expression of inflammatory cytokines increased, while the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and miR-30d-5p decreased both in patients and in animal models. Moreover, in vitro studies demonstrated that suppression of autophagy significantly reduced the OGD-induced inflammatory response. In addition, exosome treatment was more effective in suppressing the inflammatory response by reversing OGD-induced and autophagy-mediated microglial polarization to M1. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that exosomes derived from ADSCs significantly decreased the cerebral injury area of infarction by suppressing autophagy and promoting M2 microglia/macrophage polarization. Conclusions: Our results suggest that miR-30d-5p-enhanced ADSC-derived exosomes prevent cerebral injury by inhibiting autophagy-mediated microglial polarization to M1.
Explaining the Adoption of Diesel Fuel Passenger Cars in Europe

Compared with gasoline engines, diesel fuel engines significantly reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles, but they emit more nitrogen oxides and other pollutants. Across countries, the market share of diesel fuel engines in passenger vehicles varies from close to zero to more than 80 percent. Using a structural model of vehicle markets in seven European countries, I show that vehicle taxes and willingness to pay for fuel costs, rather than fuel prices or supply, explain adoption. The model is used to compare the environmental implications of fuel taxes and carbon dioxide emissions rate standards.
Figure 1The Entrepreneurial Event Theory Source : Adapted from Shapero and Sokol

As entrepreneurship research has matured, the enablers and inhibitors of entrepreneurship intention have been widespread. However, the implementation of innovative ideas, or development of new ventures, encompasses more than intention; it requires action. Although there are numerous studies on entrepreneurship research, few researchers have revealed the factors that can push an entrepreneur to propose a new idea or project. Thus, we enunciate what is known about entrepreneurship intention, and highlight some important issues that can help both entrepreneurs and policy makers developing a broader understanding of why some countries tend to present more entrepreneurship evidences than others. This work uses the existing theories and tests the relationships between the fundamental variables, unveiling some changes occurred in the past years. The main variables’ direct relationships have been tested using a probit model, applied to a sample of 10,267 entrepreneurs from 27 countries. The paper’s findings provide a perspective on our understanding of entrepreneurship beyond entrepreneurial intention that differs from past research. Therefore, the paper provides insights into the decisive factors of new venture creation, or even career orientation.
1 Graviola ( Annona muricata ) Exerts Antiproliferative , 2 Anti-clonogenic and Pro-apoptotic Effects in Human 3 Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer UW-BCC 1 and A 431 4 Cells In Vitro : Involvement of Hedgehog Signaling 5 6

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the leading cause of skin cancer-related 35 morbidity and mortality. Effective strategies are needed to control NMSC occurrence and 36 progression. Non-toxic, plant-derived extracts have been shown to exert multiple anti-cancer effects. 37 Graviola (Annona muricata), a tropical fruit-bearing plant, has been used in traditional medicine 38 against multiple human diseases including cancer. The current study investigated the effects of 39 graviola leaf and stem extract (GLSE) and its solvent-extracted fractions on two human NMSC cell 40 lines, UW-BCC1 and A431. GLSE was found to: i) dose-dependently suppress UW-BCC1 and A431 41 cell growth, motility, wound closure, and clonogenicity; ii) induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by 42 downregulating cyclin/cdk factors while upregulating cdk inhibitors, and (iv) induce apoptosis as 43 evidenced by cleavage of caspases-3, -8 and PARP. Further, GLSE suppressed levels of activated 44 hedgehog (Hh) pathway components Smo, Gli 1/2, and Shh while inducing SuFu. GLSE also 45 decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax while decreasing the expression of the anti46 apoptotic protein Bcl-2. We determined that these activities were concentrated in an 47 Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 1 June 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0020. v1 © 2018 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. acetogenin/alkaloid-rich dichloromethane subfraction of GLSE. Our data identify graviola extracts 48 and their constituents as promising sources for new chemopreventive and therapeutic agent(s) to 49 be further developed for the control of NMSCs. 50
Seroprevalence of anti–-Pythium insidiosum antibodies in the Thai population

Pythiosis is a life-threatening disease of humans and other animals in tropical and subtropical countries. The causative agent is Pythium insidiosum. Diagnosis of pythiosis can be missed due to the lack of awareness in the medical community. Treatment of the disease is difficult and challenging. Most pythiosis patients end up losing an infected organ (i.e., eye or leg), and many die from uncontrolled infection. In 2006, the largest series of human cases of pythiosis (∼100) was reported from Thailand, highlighting the nationwide distribution of this high morbidity and mortality disease. The global distribution of P. insidiosum is demonstrated by its detection in several regions around the world. Epidemiological studies of exposure to the pathogen in the general population are lacking. Here we used a combination of two established diagnostic tools (i.e., ELISA and Western blot) to explore the seroprevalence of anti-P. insidiosum antibodies in 2641 individuals, aged ≥ 15 years, sampled from Thailand. Four individuals were identified with anti-P. insidiosum antibodies in their sera, thus providing a statistically-estimated prevalence of ∼7 in 10000 or ∼32000 in the entire Thai population. The detection of the anti-P. insidiosum antibodies in healthy people with no history of pythiosis suggests that subclinical infections can occur. Taking into account the seroprevalence of anti-P. insidiosum antibodies, the global distribution of the organism, the nationwide distribution of patients, and the high morbidity and mortality of the disease, awareness of pythiosis should be raised as a public health concern in Thailand and other countries.
Quality Characterization of Giblets of Indigenous Indian Chicken Breeds

White meat is considered superior for health over red meat due to low fat and cholesterol content and as an important source of iron. Consumers also appreciate chicken meat due to low price, convenient portions and freedom from religious taboos (Jaturasitha et al., 2004). Genotype (breed and strain) plays a major role in carcass characteristics and meat quality (Jaturasitha et al., 2004; Shahin et al., 2005; Chaosap et al., 2006). Despite the abundant availability of cross breed broiler strains, a group of Indian consumers have acquired preference for taste and healthfulness of native chickens. Among all native chicken breeds Kadaknath, Aseel and Vanraja have their own importance. Aseel breed is known for greater robustness, disease resistance and well adaptability to local environment and is also popular for its higher body weight, vigor, alertness and fighting behavior. Vanaraja, a dual purpose chicken has become popular among the rural people as a breed used for International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 1 (2017) pp. 784-797 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Project SoL—A Community-Based, Multi-Component Health Promotion Intervention to Improve Eating Habits and Physical Activity among Danish Families with Young Children. Part 1: Intervention Development and Implementation

Project SoL was implemented over a period of four years from 2012–2015 with the aim to promote healthy eating and physical activity among families with children aged 3–8 years, living in selected communities in two Danish municipalities. This was done by applying the supersetting approach to implement complex multi-component interventions in a participatory, coordinated, and integrated manner in childcare centres, schools, and supermarkets in three local communities, as well as in local media during a 19-month period in the Regional Municipality of Bornholm, which served as the intervention site. The matching municipality of Odsherred served as a control site based on its similarity to Bornholm regarding several socio-demographic and health indicators. The present paper describes the design of Project SoL as well as the processes of developing and implementing its complex interventions. Moreover, the theoretical and conceptual framework of the project is described together with its organisational structure, concrete activities, and sustainability measures. The paper discusses some of the key lessons learned related to participatory development and the implementation of a multi-component intervention. The paper concludes that coordinated and integrated health promotion activities that are implemented together with multiple stakeholders and across multiple settings in the local community are much more powerful than individual activities carried out in single settings. The supersetting approach was a useful conceptual framework for developing and implementing a complex multi-component health promotion intervention and for fostering ownership and sustainability of the intervention in the local community. The research and evaluation approach of the project is described in a separate paper (Part 2).
Users’ Personal Conceptions of Usability and User Experience of Electronic and Software Products

Research problem: Despite the abundance of research into usability and user experience (UX), there is still debate about the relationship between both concepts. The user perspective is underrepresented in all discussions. This study examines the personal conceptions that users of electronic and software products have of usability and UX. Research questions: 1. How do users of electronic and software products conceptualize usability and UX? 2. What do they think is the relationship between both concepts? Literature review: We review the literature on conceptualizations of usability and UX and their relationship. The literature suggests that both concepts are still developing and that there are different views about their relationship. A personal-constructs research approach appears to be a fruitful way of shedding more light on this. Methodology: Twenty-one participants were asked to place up to eight products in a grid with two axes: usability (high-low) and UX (high-low). They then filled out a short questionnaire about the products. Finally, interviews were held about their decisions and their views on usability and UX. Results and conclusions: A weak positive correlation between products’ usability and UX scores indicates that the relationship between both concepts is far from straightforward. An analysis of the four quadrants of the grid provides a first typology of products based on how users perceive their usability and UX. When reflecting on the relationship between the two concepts, most participants see usability as a part of or contributing to UX. Based on our findings, however, it seems risky to assume that usability is sufficiently covered by the overall concept of UX.
A 1300 mm2 Ultrahigh‐Performance Digital Imaging Assembly using High‐Quality Perovskite Single Crystals

By fine‐tuning the crystal nucleation and growth process, a low‐temperature‐gradient crystallization method is developed to fabricate high‐quality perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3 single crystals with high carrier mobility of 81 ± 5 cm2 V−1 s−1 (>3 times larger than their thin film counterpart), long carrier lifetime of 899 ± 127 ns (>5 times larger than their thin film counterpart), and ultralow trap state density of 6.2 ± 2.7 × 109 cm−3 (even four orders of magnitude lower than that of single‐crystalline silicon wafers). In fact, they are better than perovskite single crystals reported in prior work: their application in photosensors gives superior detectivity as high as 6 × 1013 Jones, ≈10–100 times better than commercial sensors made of silicon and InGaAs. Meanwhile, the response speed is as fast as 40 µs, ≈3 orders of magnitude faster than their thin film devices. A large‐area (≈1300 mm2) imaging assembly composed of a 729‐pixel sensor array is further designed and constructed, showing excellent imaging capability thanks to its superior quality and uniformity. This opens a new possibility to use the high‐quality perovskite single‐crystal‐based devices for more advanced imaging sensors.
sdnMAC: A Software-Defined Network Inspired MAC Protocol for Cooperative Safety in VANETs

The performance of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) largely depends on the underlying medium access control (MAC), as it determines the schedule utility of physical resources. However, in existing time-division multiple access (TDMA)-based MAC protocols, a node usually acquires slots based on what each node senses, which is typically the coupling of the control and data plane. This coupling makes the TDMA protocols unable to rapidly and agilely deal with the challenges in VANETs, such as high mobility and dynamic network densities. Inspired by the software-defined network (SDN), we propose a novel SDN-based MAC protocol, named sdnMAC, to handle these challenges. A novel roadside openflow switch (ROFS) is designed as the roadside unit, controlled by the openflow controller. The sdnMAC can be divided into two tiers, the management of ROFSes (MA-ROFS) by the controller and the management of vehicles (MA-VEH) by ROFSes. In MA-ROFS, the controller schedules the cooperative sharing of time slot information among ROFSes. In MA-VEH, each ROFS allocates slots based on this shared information, thus decoupling of the control and data plane. This decoupling provides great rapidness and agility to sdnMAC, thus handling the rapid mobility and varying vehicle densities. Extensive simulations using network simulator NS3 and traffic simulator SUMO are performed. It is shown that the sdnMAC protocol can better meet the requirements of cooperative safety in VANETs.
Identifying and Evading Android Sandbox Through Usage-Profile Based Fingerprints

Android sandbox is built either on the Android emulator or the real device with a hooking framework. Fingerprints of the Android sandbox could be used to evade the dynamic detection. So, in this paper, we first conduct a measurement on eight Android sandboxes and find that their customized usage profile (e.g., contact, SMS) can be fingerprinted by attackers for evading the sandbox. From our measurement results, most Android sandboxes have empty usage profile fingerprints, or fixed fingerprints, or random artifact fingerprints. So, without protections on such user profiles, Android malware can identify these fingerprints that associate with different sandboxes and hide its malicious behaviors. At last, we propose several mitigation solutions trivial to implement, including generating and feeding random real usage profiles to the malware sample every time, as well as a hybrid approach, which combines both random and fixed usage profiles.