Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
9. VARIATION OF BASALT PHENOCRYST MINERALOGY AND ROCK COMPOSITIONS IN DSDP HOLE 396B

Data are presented on phenocryst proportions and content for 40 basalts representative of the stratigraphic section drilled at DSDP Hole 396B, and olivine and spinel phenocryst microprobe analyses for all basalts. The variations of phenocryst proportions, content, and composition with whole rock composition and stratigraphic position of the basalts are used to infer their petrogenesis. On the basis of the colinearity of aphyric and phenocryst-free basalt compositions, it appears that crystallization of the Hole 396B basalts was controlled by a low-pressure cotectic. Phenocryst proportions vary irregularly in the basalts, indicating that gravity separation of phenocrysts occurred due to flotation of plagioclase and sinking of olivine. The proportion of olivine which must have crystallized from one Hole 396B unit in order to account for the range in olivine phenocryst compositions in the basalts is the same as that expected from the present plagioclase phenocryst content for crystallization along the low-pressure cotectic. Irregular variations in melt composition and fU2 (as indicated by olivine and spinel microphenocryst compositions) and the presence of normally and reversely zoned phenocrysts in the same sample, suggest periodic mixing of new magma with old. All these features and the large irregular stratigraphic variation of basalt compositions and mineralogy within a pillow unit can be explained if the Hole 396B pillow lavas tapped different portions of a heterogeneous magma chamber. Heterogeneity in the chamber would arise as a consequence of the introduction of new melt and due to gravitational sorting of phenocrysts. The abrupt changes in composition and mineralogy of the basalt and the presence of sediment and weathering at the contacts of the various Hole 396B pillow basalt units suggest that volcanic activity was periodic at this site, possibly triggered or controlled by intermittent earthquake swarms and fissuring along this portion of the old ridge axis. The differences in chemistry and mineralogy of the different units are probably the consequence of a random combination of fractional crystallization and magma mixing or the formation of a new magma chamber between cycles of volcanic activity.
Effects of density, starvation and size difference on aggressive behaviour in juvenile yellowtails (Seriola quinquevadiata)

Summary The effects of density, starvation and size difference on aggressive behaviour in juvenile yellowtails. Seriola quinqueradiatu (Temminck and Schlegel), were investigated. When fish were acclimated to densities of 1, 2, 4. 8, and 16 fish L-1, the frequency of aggressive behaviour per fish decreased significantly. Following starvation for 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h, the highest aggression was observed at 24 h, while levels of aggression were equal between 0 and 8 h. According to a pair match test from one batch among three groups of different size (total length mni: 16.6 ± 2.0, 21.1 ± 2.1, and 29.7 ± 4.9), the highest aggression was observed in the group with the largest size difference. Therefore, in view of the three parameters investigated, aggressive behaviour in the yellowtail was concluded to be positively starvation- and size-dependent, but negatively density-dependent. Synthesizing all relevant results, including abiotic factors such as the light condition, a practical method is presented to reduce mortality caused by aggressive behaviour in yellowtail cultures.
An Exploration of Network RAM

The goal of network RAM is to improve the performance of memory intensive workloads by paging to idle memory over the network rather than to disk. In this paper, we reexamine common assumptions about network RAM, compare possible implementations, describe the structure and performance of our user-level implementation and investigate various methods for providing reliability.
Hereditarily Unicoherent Continua and Their Absolute Retracts

We investigate absolute retracts for classes of hereditarily unicoherent continua, tree-like continua, λdendroids, dendroids and some other related ones. The main results are: (1) the inverse limits of trees with confluent bonding mappings are absolute retracts of hereditarily unicoherent continua; (2) each tree-like continuum is embeddable in a special way in a tree-like absolute retract for the class of hereditarily unicoherent continua; (3) a dendroid is an absolute retract for hereditarily unicoherent continua if and only if it can be embedded as a retract into the Mohler-Nikiel universal smooth dendroid.
Superconvergence of Discontinuous Galerkin methods based on upwind-biased fluxes for 1D linear hyperbolic equations

In this paper, we study superconvergence properties of the discontinuous Galerkin method using upwind-biased numerical fluxes for one-dimensional linear hyperbolic equations. A (2 k + 1)th order superconvergence rate of the DG approximation at the numerical fluxes and for the cell average is obtained under quasi-uniform meshes and some suitable initial discretization, when piecewise polynomials of degree k are used. Furthermore, surprisingly, we find that the derivative and function value approximation of the DG solution are superconvergent at a class of special points, with an order k + 1 and k + 2, respectively. These superconvergent points can be regarded as the generalized Radau points. All theoretical findings are confirmed by numerical experiments.
FORECASTING THE DEMAND FOR NURSES IN NEW JERSEY

Introduction. In order to develop a dependable, quantitative means to anticipate and forecast requirements for the New Jersey nursing workforce, we convened a Work Group to determine the data needed and the data available. A labor economist provided consultation to the Work Group. Together, we reviewed the most recent version of the Nurse Demand-Based Requirements Forecasting Model developed for the Division of Nursing by Vector, Inc. Initially, we attempted to replicate this model at the state level, but found this impossible. We then decided to develop our own Nursing Demand Forecasting Model for New Jersey.
The Long-run Impact of Changing Fertility in China Preliminary draft

We assess the impact of continued low fertility in China, versus the rebound in fertility towards replacement levels predicted by the United Nations, on steady state macroeconomic outcomes in a dynamic general equilibrium framework. We allow for public health insurance, pensions, private savings, and intra-family transfers to support the consumption of the elderly. Continued low fertility has two negative effects on per capita income in our model—a rise in old-age dependency ratios and higher taxes to pay for public old-age pensions and healthcare. We find, however, that these negatives are more than offset by an increase in output per worker due to increased accumulation of both physical and human capital. Lower fertility induces larger investments in human capital per child and also encourages workers to save for retirement rather than rely on their children for old-age support. We conclude that continued low fertility would lead to higher per capita income, consumption, and economic welfare than would be the case with a rebound in fertility. JEL classifications: E62, H55, I13
Apparent and true total tract digestibility of phosphorus in field peas (Pisum sativum L.) by growing pigs

The apparent (ATTD) and true (TTTD) total tract digestibility of P in field peas were measured using growing pigs. Two diets based on field peas without or with microbial phytase were formulated. A P-free diet was also formulated to measure endogenous losses of P. Results of the experiment showed that the ATTD and TTTD of P in field peas with microbial phytase (65.9 and 72.3%, respectively) were greater (P < 0.01) than in field peas without microbial phytase (55.0 and 60.8%, respectively). The addition of microbial phytase to field peas also reduced (P < 0.01) the excretion of P in the feces (from 5.77 to 4.09 g/5 d). Key words: Digestibility, endogenous losses, field peas, phosphorus, pig
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF Li 1+x-yNb1-x-3yTix+4yO3 M-PHASE SOLID SOLUTIONS

The structure and dielectric properties of the so-called “M-phase” solid solutions in the Li2O-Nb2O5-TiO2 system have been investigated. Detailed studies of the lattice parameters of these phases agree well with structure models based on intergrowths of LiNbO3 slabs with a Ti-rich corundum-type layer. The relative permittivity ranges from ~80 to ~55; microwave quality factors increase with the Ti content reaching values of Q×f=9000 at 6GHz. The temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency, τf, changes sign within the solid solution region thus permitting tunability to a zero value. All of the compositions could be sintered to high density at temperatures 1100°C.
TRUST IN PUBLIC FINANCE

This paper will be presented at the conference Public Finances and Public Policy in the New Millennium, a celebration in honor of Richard A. Musgrave’s 90 birthday and the 10 anniversary of CES to be held in Munich on January 12-13, 2001. I am grateful to Elizabeth Oltmans and Peter Katuscak for expert research assistance and extended conversations on the themes of this essay. I also thank two referees, David Bradford, Christopher Clague, Bruno Frey, Michael Burda, John T. Scholz, Daniel Shaviro and the participants at the New York University Tax Symposium and the Musgrave-CES conference for helpful comments on an earlier draft.
Mantle Heterogeneity in the North Atlantic: Evidence from Leg 49 Geochemistry

One of the principal aims of Leg 49 was to investigate variation in the primary geochemistry of ocean-floor lavas in space and time in North Atlantic. This paper sets out to analyze the geochemical results from Part 2 of this volume with this end in view. We first discuss the setting of sites, and then deal with the implications of the Leg 49 results for mantle heterogeneity. We conclude that there is good evidence for marked heterogeneity at different scales in the North Atlantic area, and that the Leg 49 results provide important evidence of the local and regional patterns of variation in composition. This conclusion is elaborated in the following section, where we compare the North Atlantic area as a whole with other parts of the world's oceans, as far as this is possible with our current state of knowledge. It appears that the basalt type labeled MORB, though common in other parts of the oceans, may be rare or absent in the North Atlantic. In addition, we suggest a possible relative chronology of events of mobility for different elements within the mantle.
Title: Slow- and fast-twitch rat hind limb skeletal muscle phenotypes 8 months after spinal cord transection and olfactory ensheathing glia transplantation Running title: Skeletal muscle phenotype of OEG-transplanted paraplegic rats

Paralyzed skeletal muscle of rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) undergoes atrophy and a switch in gene expression pattern which leads to faster, more fatigable phenotypes. Olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) transplants have been reported to promote axonal regeneration and to restore sensory-motor function in animals with SCI. We hypothesized that OEG-transplants could attenuate skeletal muscle phenotypic deterioration and that this effect could underlie the functional recovery observed in behavioural tests. A variety of morphologic, metabolic and molecular markers were assessed in soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of spinal cord transected (SCT), OEG-transplanted rats eight months after the intervention and compared with non-transplanted SCT-rats and sham-operated (without SCT) controls (C). A multivariate analysis encompassing all the parameters indicated that OEGtransplanted rats displayed skeletal muscle phenotypes intermediate between nontransplanted and sham-operated controls, but different from both. A high correlation was observed between behaviourally-tested sensory-motor functional capacity and expression level of slowand fast-twitch hind limb skeletal muscle phenotypic markers, particularly the histochemical glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (-0.843, p<0.0001) and the fraction of variant 2s of the slow regulatory myosin light chain isoform (0.848, p<0.0001) in SOL. Despite the mean overall effect of OEG-transplants in patterning skeletal muscle protein expression towards normal, in 6 out of 9 animals they appeared insufficient to overcome fibre type switching and to support a consistent and generalized long-term maintenance of normal skeletal muscle characteristics. The interplay of OEG and exercise-mediated neurotrophic actions is a plausible mechanism underlying OEG-transplantation effects on paralyzed skeletal muscle.
Utilizing deep abstraction for higher intrusion-detection in wireless networks = 무선 네트워크에서 침입 탐지 성능 향상을 위한 심층 추상화 기법 연구

The recent advances in mobile technologies have resulted in IoT-enabled devices becoming more pervasive and integrated into our daily lives. The connected devices are ubiquitous, generating huge, highdimensional and complex data. Observing malicious activities, which deviate from normal behavior, in such colossal data is a challenging task. Feature learning, however, can be one solution to solve this task. This dissertation thus proposes novel feature-learning schemes using Deep-Feature Extraction and Selection (D-FES) and fully unsupervised method. D-FES combines stacked feature extraction and weighted feature selection. The stacked auto-encoding is capable of providing abstractions (representations) that are more meaningful by reconstructing the relevant information from its raw inputs. The representations could also be leveraged as a clustering method. We then combine this with modified weighted feature selection inspired by an existing shallow-structured machine learning. We finally demonstrate the ability of the condensed set of features to reduce the bias of a machine learning model and the computational complexity of training and testing. We verify our proposed schemes on a Wi-Fi network dataset, called, the Aegean Wi-Fi Intrusion Dataset (AWID), prove the usefulness and the usability of the D-FES by achieving an impersonation detection accuracy of 99.918% and a false alarm rate of 0.012%. D-FES also achieved 99.910% of accuracy during all class of attacks detection.
A Simple Combinatorial Criterion for Projective Toric Manifolds with Dual Defect

We show that any smooth lattice polytope P with codegree greater or equal than (dim(P)+3)/2 (or equivalently, with degree smaller than dim(P)/2), defines a dual defective projective toric manifold. This implies that P is Q-normal (in the terminology of a recent paper by Di Rocco, Piene and the first author) and answers partially an adjunction-theoretic conjecture by Beltrametti and Sommese. Also, it follows that smooth lattice polytopes with this property are precisely strict Cayley polytopes, which completes the answer of a question of Batyrev and the second author in the nonsingular case.
Automated Model Construction for Combined Sewer Overflow Prediction Based on Efficient LASSO Algorithm

The prediction of combined sewer overflow (CSO) operation in urban environments presents a challenging task for water utilities. The operation of CSOs (most often in heavy rainfall conditions) prevents houses and businesses from flooding. However, sometimes, CSOs do not operate as they should, potentially bringing environmental pollution risks. Therefore, CSOs should be appropriately managed by water utilities, highlighting the need for adapted decision support systems. This paper proposes an automated CSO predictive model construction methodology using field monitoring data, as a substitute for the commonly established hydrological-hydraulic modeling approach for time-series prediction of CSO statuses. It is a systematic methodology factoring in all monitored field variables to construct time-series dependencies for CSO statuses. The model construction process is largely automated with little human intervention, and the pertinent variables together with their associated time lags for every CSO are holistically and automatically generated. A fast least absolute shrinkage and selection operator solution generating scheme is proposed to expedite the model construction process, where matrix inversions are effectively eliminated. The whole algorithm works in a stepwise manner, invoking either an incremental or decremental movement for including or excluding one model regressor into, or from, the predictive model at every step. The computational complexity is thereby analyzed with the pseudo code provided. Actual experimental results from both single-step ahead (i.e., 15 min) and multistep ahead predictions are finally produced and analyzed on a U.K. pilot area with various types of monitoring data made available, demonstrating the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Improvement of the Quality, Health Promoting and Performance Enhancement Attributes of Combat Rations

Abstract : The Center for Advanced Food Technology's (CAFT) Cooperative Research Program provided a unique research interface with representatives from the food industry, government and academia. The mission of the program was to develop new knowledge in food science and transfer the knowledge to the food industry resulting in more healthful and safer foods. The mission was fulfilled through funding of research projects funded by membership in the Center. Unfortunately the Cooperative Research Program was discontinued in August 2012. Past reports capture the output of the Center. However two new short term projects were funded for Year 3 of the contract and this serves as the final report. The projects were: Development of a Center of Excellence for Food Safety Risk Analysis Decision Making Tools and Development of Novel Nutraceutical Nanodelivery Systems.
Links between Landscape Management and Environmental Risk Assessment: Considerations from the Italian Context

Issues relating to the destructive phenomena that can damage people and goods have returned to the centre of debate in Italy with the increase in catastrophic episodes in recent years in a country which is highly vulnerable to hydrological risk. Environmental factors and geological and geomorphological territorial characteristics play an important role in determining the level of vulnerability and the natural tendency to risk. However, a territory has also been subjected to the requirements of and transformations of society and this brings other relevant factors. The reasons for the increase in destructive phenomena are often to be found in the territorial development models adopted. Stewardship of the landscape and management of risk are related issues. This study aims to summarize the most relevant elements about this connection and at the same time to clarify the role of environmental risk assessment as a tool to aid in the sustainable management of landscape. Finally, the study reflects on how regional and urban planners deal with environmental risk and which aspects should be monitored in order to adopt responsible and useful interventions. Keywords—Assessment, landscape, risk, planning.
A Conjoint Approach for Consumer - and Firm-Level Brand Valuation

Abstract This article develops and tests a reduced-form, conjoint methodology for measuring brand equity. The proposed approach (1) provides objective dollar-metric values for brand equity without the need to collect perceptual or brand association data, (2) captures the effects of awareness and availability in the marketplace as sources of brand equity, (3) accounts for competitive reaction, (4) allows the mix of branded and unbranded firms to affect industry size, and (5) uses consideration set theory to project market share estimates from the conjoint experiment to the marketplace. Managers can use the approach to develop customized strategies for targeting customers, monitoring brand “health,” allocating resources, and determining the values of brands in a merger or acquisition. The empirical results suggest that the proposed metric for measuring consumer-level brand equity has convergent validity; in addition, the magnitudes and strengths of brand equity vary considerably across consumers and brands.
One step replica symmetry breaking and extreme order statistics of logarithmic REMs

Building upon the one-step replica symmetry breaking formalism, duly understood and ramified, we show that the sequence of ordered extreme values of a general class of Euclidean-space logarithmically correlated random energy models (logREMs) behave in the thermodynamic limit as a randomly shifted decorated exponential Poisson point process. The distribution of the random shift is determined solely by the large-distance ("infra-red", IR) limit of the model, and is equal to the free energy distribution at the critical temperature up to a translation. the decoration process is determined solely by the small-distance ("ultraviolet", UV) limit, in terms of the biased minimal process. Our approach provides connections of the replica framework to results in the probability literature and sheds further light on the freezing/duality conjecture which was the source of many previous results for log-REMs. In this way we derive the general and explicit formulae for the joint probability density of depths of the first and second minima (as well its higher-order generalizations) in terms of model-specific contributions from UV as well as IR limits. In particular, we show that the second min statistics is largely independent of details of UV data, whose influence is seen only through the mean value of the gap. For a given log-correlated field this parameter can be evaluated numerically, and we provide several numerical tests of our theory using the circular model of $1/f$-noise.
Prevalence and prognostic value of elevated urinary albumin excretion in patients with chronic HF

Serge Masson, PhD †, Roberto Latini, MD †, Valentina Milani, MS , Luciano Moretti, MD , Maria Grazia Rossi, MD , Emanuele Carbonieri, MD , Anna Frisinghelli, MD , Calogero Minneci, MD , Massimiliano Valisi, BiolD , Aldo P. Maggioni, MD , Roberto Marchioli, MD , Gianni Tognoni, MD , Luigi Tavazzi, MD , on behalf of the GISSI-HF Investigators* † These authors contributed equally to the present study. * A complete list of the investigators who participated in the study is presented in the appendix.
Nonparametric testing of the existence of modes

Given a set of data drawn from an unknown density, it is frequently desirable to estimate the number and location of modes of the density. A test is proposed for the weight of evidence of individual observed modes. The test statistic used is a measure of the size of the mode, the absolute integrated difference between the estimated density and the same density with the mode in question excised at the level of the higher of its two surrounding antimodes. Samples are simulated from a conservative member of the composite null hypothesis to estimatep-values within a Monte Carlo setting. Such a test can be used with the graphical \mode tree" of Minnotte and Scott to examine, in a locally adaptive fashion, not only the reality of individual modes, but also (roughly) the overall number of modes of the density. A proof of consistency of the test statistic is offered and simulation results are presented.