Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reduced intensity treatment in early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma

Early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma which includes patients with Ann Arbor stages I or II, accounts for more than 50% of all cases of the illness and is curable in a high proportion of patients. Long-term follow-up has shown that the mortality in favorable-risk patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma is exceeded by other causes including secondary malignancies and cardiac disease. Over the decades the treatment paradigm in Hodgkin's lymphoma has evolved from extended field radiotherapy to combined modality therapy using involved field radiotherapy to using chemotherapy alone. The data on long-term complications from using low dose and limited field radiation therapy is still awaited since we know that most of the sec- ondary malignancies occur late (ie, more than 10 years after the treatment). By changing the chemotherapy regimens from mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone (MOPP) to doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) the incidence of infertility and leukemia has been reduced. Since the late toxicity was high with radiotherapy, recent studies have focused on using chemotherapy alone. The results of interim positron emission tomogra- phy (PET) scans after two cycles of chemotherapy are being tested to see whether minimizing therapy in rapidly-responding patients will still maintain excellent cure rates. Here, we have reviewed some of the important clinical trials in early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma and focus on some of the recent trials emphasizing reduced intensity treatment in early-stage Hodgkin's
Feeding Rumen Protected Choline and Vitamin E on Milk Yield , Milk Composition , Dry Matter Intake , Body Condition

Due to rapid increase in milk production after calving, cows undergo a period of reduced feed intake, negative energy balance and lipolysis (Goff and Horst, 1997). Glycerol, which is released from lipolysis, is used by liver for gluconeogenesis and the fatty acids which are released as nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) are distributed with blood flow to all body tissues (Drackley et al. 2001). When NEFA concentrations are elevated during early lactation, mammary glands take them up efficiently and convert them to milk fat. Thus, high milk fat concentrations, or high milk ratios of fat to protein, are useful indicators for ketosis in dairy cows. Choline is a vitamin-like compound which is an essential component of phospholipids. Choline involves in the structure of lipoproteins and export lipids from liver in the form of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Choline may directly increase VLDL synthesis or serve to increase methionine availability for lipoprotein synthesis to indirectly alter liver triacylglyceride clearance as VLDL (Bell, 1995). Hence, choline deficiency in dairy cows may be associated with hepatic lipidosis (Hartwell et al. 2000). Most dietary choline is degraded by rumen microorganisms (Erdman and Sharma, 1991), thus choline must be in rumen-protected form when fed. Rumen-protected choline (RPC) is fed to dairy cows to increase the supply of choline to small intestine with the goal of increasing milk or component yields, or alleviating the development of fatty liver through enhancing export of fat from liver (Piepenbrink and Overton, 2003; Cooke et al. 2004); because RPC suppleTwenty four primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows on early lactation, beginning five weeks postpartum, were used for four weeks to investigate the effects of supplemention of rumen-protected choline (RPC) or vitamin E on milk yield, milk composition, dry matter intake, body condition score and body weight. The cows were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: I) no supplement (control), II) 90 g/d of RPC and III) 4400 IU/d of vitamin E. In this study, dry matter intake, body weight, body condition score, milk yield and the contents and yields of all milk constituents, except the content of solid non fat (SNF) for RPC group, were not affected by choline or vitamin E supplementation (P>0.05). The RPC increased (P<0.05) the content of SNF compared with the control and vitamin E groups. The results showed that RPC or vitamin E supplementation into the diets of early lactating dairy cows did not affect dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition, body condition score and body weight.
In-flight piv for cror flight test demonstration

Designing innovative solutions for future aircraft is one the concerns of aeronautical engineers. Among the studied technologies, Counter Rotating Open Rotor (CROR) propeller technologies are appearing as a promising, though highly challenging, alternative solution to Ultra High Bypass Ratio (UHBR) engines. Amongst these challenges, the interaction of the wake of the CROR engine pylon with the counter rotating blades, positioned downstream of the pylon (pusher configuration), are responsible for both airframe noise and vibrations that penalize aircraft certification. ‘Erasing’ the pylon wake such as to recover a strictly uniform flow upstream of the rotating blades would suppress this major source of airframe noise and vibrations. The current study is put forward in that context and is part of a project funded by the European Commission through the Cleansky/FP7/SFWA (Smart Fixed Wing Aircraft) Demonstrator program. In the first part of the project, an optimal design of the pylon, associated with advanced flow control strategies, has been proposed. The current study aims at developing an advanced experimental methodology, based on vibration-controlled stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (3C-PIV), able to be flight-operated and that will serve the validation of the above mentioned active flow control system when operated on the Flying Test Bench. This article deals particularly with the characterization of the limits of the vibration spectrum acceptable by the on-board PIV subsystems and with the design of a system to lessen potentially harmful vibrations.
Revision of Nicrophorus in part: new species and inferred phylogeny of the nepalensis-group based on evidence from morphology and mitochondrial DNA (Coleoptera : Silphidae : Nicrophorinae)

Carrion beetles of the genus Nicrophorus Fabricius, 1775 (Silphidae) are well known for their biparental brood care and monopolisation of small vertebrate carcasses in subterranean crypts. Although the taxonomy of New World species has received modern attention, the fauna of Asia, primarily of the nepalensis-group of species, has not. Herein we revise this species-group and describe as new the following seven species: Nicrophorus charon Sikes & Madge (Sulawesi), Nicrophorus herscheli Sikes & Madge (Sumatra), Nicrophorus insignis Sikes & Madge (Flores Island), Nicrophorus melissae Sikes & Madge (Nepal, Bhutan), Nicrophorus reticulatus Sikes & Madge (Guadalcanal), Nicrophorus schawalleri Sikes & Madge (Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan Province) and Nicrophorus trumboi Sikes & Madge (Nepal, Bhutan). We obtained a preliminary phylogeny using morphology and mtDNA (COII). This was inferred using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods with the Mkv and GTR+I+G models (parsimony was rejected by the Akaike information criterion for being excessively parameter-rich). The phylogenetic signal in the morphological dataset was not strong and results were confounded by a ‘long-branch’ species, N. reticulatus. The signal was stronger in the combined dataset and the COII-only dataset. The molecular phylogeny supported the new status of species N. trumboi and N. melissae. Support was found for a mainland origin of the group with subsequent radiations into the Malay Archipelago.
Influence of curing temperature on the physico-mechanical, characteristics of calcium aluminate cement with air-cooled slag or water-cooled slag

The nature, sequence, crystallinity and microstructure ofhydrated phases were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed thatthe formation of different hydrated phases was temperature dependence. The physico-mechanical and microstructural characteristics were investigated after curing at 20, 40 and 60° C. The results indicated that for the substitution of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) by air-cooled slag (AS) or water-cooled slag (WS) at 20 C, the compressive strength increases with slag content up to 10 wt. %, then followed by a decrease with further slag substitution up to 25 wt. %; but the values are still higher than those of the neat CAC pastes at different curing ages up to 60 days. After 28 days of hydration at 40-60 C, the compressive strength increases with the slag content. This is attributed to the prevention of the conversion reaction, which was confirmed by XRD, DSC and SEM techniques, and the preferential formation of stratlingite (gehleinte-like) phase. The SEM micrographs showed a close texture of hydrated CAC/slag blends made with AS or WS at 40°C due to the formation of C 2 ASH 8 and C-S-H phases.
The Effectiveness of Learning by PBL Assisted Mathematics Pop Up Book Againts The Spatial Ability in Grade VIII on Geometry Subject Matter

The aim of this study was to know the effectiveness of learning by Problem Based Learning (PBL) assisted Mathematics Pop Up Book againts the spatial ability in grade VIII on geometry subject matter . The population of this research was students grade VIII in junior high school 1 Salatiga academic year 2013/2014, and as the sample taken from two classes randomly, one class as the experiment class (PBL assisted Mathematics Pop Up Book), and another class as the control class (expository). Data of the research is analyzed according to the purpose of the research using proportion test and equality test on similarity of two average: one party (right). The result of the research shows (1) Mathematics Pop Up Book is combination of student books and props mathematics. Pop-up book used at the stage of concept explanation and application of concepts through exercises. Overall the use of pop-up book done in groups. The result of questionnaire about Mathematics Pop Up Book is very good. (2) Test result of the spatial ability on the students in experiment class has reached classical completeness criteria. (3) The spatial ability in experiment class students is higher than control class, and (4) The percentage of students' interest towards learning mathematics in experiment class is higher than control class. In conclusion, PBL assisted Mathematics Pop Up Book is effective against the spatial ability in grade VIII on the geometry material .
Behavioural repertoire and a new geographical record of the torrent frog Hylodes cardosoi (Anura: Hylodidae)

T are 24 currently recognized species in the genus Hylodes, which are distributed into Atlantic Forest and some areas of Cerrado from the State of Espírito Santo to State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Lingnau et al., 2008; Frost, 2011). These frogs are diurnal and have a strict association with fast-water rock streams, where they call on rocks or falling trunks (Nascimento et al., 2001; Lingnau & Bastos, 2007; Silva & Benmaman, 2008). Commonly, the species of Hylodes exhibit two kinds of call: the advertisement call and the territorial call (“encounter call” by some authors) (Narvaes & Rodrigues, 2005; Hartmann et al., 2006; Lingnau & Bastos, 2007). In the genus, there appear to exist two main types of advertisement call and H. cardosoi and H. dactylocinus (both in the nasus group) present the more uncommon type, characterized by notes more spaced. The courtship and territorial defences involves a complex combination of sound and visual signals (Haddad & Giaretta, 1999; Hödl & Amézquita, 2001; Pavan et al., 2001; Wogel et al., 2004; Hartmann et al., 2005; Lingnau et al., 2008). According to Haddad & Prado (2005), species of Hylodes spawn in streams inside constructed subaquatic chambers. H. cardosoi (Lingnau et al., 2008) belongs to H. nasus (Lichteistein, 1823) group and was recently described from Morretes municipality, state of Paraná, Brazil (Lingnau et al., 2008). Besides the type-locality, this species occurs in Apiaí, Capão Bonito and Iporanga municipalities, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Lingnau et al., 2008). Herein, we characterize the behavioural repertoire of a non-topotypic population of H. cardosoi from Tapiraí, State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, including a comparison of its body size and advertisement call with its original description.
Simulation study of magnetorheological testing cell design by incorporating all basic operating modes

Magnetorheological (MR) fluid is one of the field-responsive fluids that is of interest to many researchers due to its high yield stress value, which depends on the magnetic field strength. Similar to electrorheological (ER) fluid, the combination of working modes is one of the techniques to increase the performance of the fluids with limited focus on MR fluids. In this paper, a novel MR testing cell incorporated with valve, shear and squeeze operational modes is designed and constructed in order to investigate the behaviour of MR fluid in combined mode. The magnetic field distribution in the design concept was analyzed using finite element method in order to verify the effective areas of each mode have the acceptable range of flux density. The annular gap of valve and shear were fixed at 1 mm, while the squeeze gap between the parallel circular surfaces was varied up to 20 mm. Three different coil configurations, which were made up from 23 SWG copper wires were set up in the MR cell. The simulation results indicated that the magnetic field distributed in the squeeze gap was the highest among the other gaps with all coils were subjected to a constant applied current of 1 A. Moreover, the magnetic flux densities in all gaps were in a good range of magnitude based on the simulations that validated the proposed design concept. Hence, the 3D model of the MR testing cell was designed using Solidworks for manufacturing processes.
Empirical Analysis of Factors Influencing Price of Solar Modules

The decline in solar module prices is one of the key drivers behind the growth of the solar energy market. Thus, the price reduction mechanism in solar modules has become an important topic as the role of solar electricity in the overall energy supply and the market value of solar modules grow globally. Many empirical analyses have been carried out to unveil the mechanism behind this price reduction. However, the research performed on the price reduction mechanism of solar modules over the years have focused purely on the technological aspect of the manufacturing. When analyzing price, the influence of economic factors such as interest rate and exchange rate must also be taken into consideration to achieve a precise analysis. We use an oligopolistic model and econometric method to determine the economic factors that have an influence on solar module prices.
Nucleation and Propagation of Deformation Twin in Polysynthetically Twinned TiAl

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have studied the deformation of polysynthetically twinned (PST) TiAl at room temperature with a bicrystal model. The simulation cell was pre-strained and thermodynamically relaxed to a criterion that all stress components of the simulation cell have gone to zeros; in this way no dislocations were pre-existed in {gamma}-{alpha}{sub 2} interfaces. A uniaxial compression was then applied along one 1/6<112] direction in the surface. The results show that under the compression, the interfacial dislocation pairs were prolifically generated due to the structural transformation of {alpha}{sub 2}-lamella. The gliding and agglomerating of these dislocations would finally cause the nucleation of deformation twins from the interface. This is suggested to be a new possible twinning mechanism in the dual phase TiAl alloy. The propagation of this deformation twin, or specifically, its interaction with {gamma}-{gamma} and {gamma}-{alpha}{sub 2} interfaces has been discussed. It shows that the {alpha}{sub 2}-lamella is intent to block the propagation of the deformation twin.
Investigating incidental vocabulary learning in conversation classes: A qualitative and quantitative analysis

This study examined incidental receptive and productive vocabulary gains within conversation class interactions. Sixteen Mexican learners of English attended four videotaped conversation lessons where 40 target words were incorporated into different types of exposure. Stimulated recall interviews with students highlighted the effect of cognates, learners' access to passive vocabulary, and use of their vocabulary knowledge in learning related words. Posttests revealed a correlation between frequency of exposure and receptive/productive gains. Mean scores showed that students most often learned task-essential words, followed by words mentioned with synonyms, and last, those mentioned without an explanation. A two-way ANCOVA revealed main effects for cognates, and a statistical interaction between cognate status and types of exposure to target words, and a moderate effect of frequency of mention on receptive knowledge. Results provide implications for ESL teachers who consider incidental learning of vocabulary within their conversation lessons.
Affective forecasting ability : individual differences in emotional intelligence and prosocial behaviour

5 Chapter 1: Introduction to the Literature.6 1.1 Affective Forecasting 1.1.1 Affective Forecasting Understanding the Concept . 6 1.1.2 Affective Forecasting and Gender Differences.7 1.2 Emotional Intelligence 1.2. 1 Emotional Intelligence Understanding the Concept . 8 1.2. 2 Emotional Intelligence and Gender Differences.10 1.3 Prosocial Personality 1.3. 1 Prosocial Behaviour Understanding the Concept.11 1.3. 2 Prosocial Personality and Gender Differences . 13 1.3. 3 Prosocial Behaviour and Affective Forecasting.14 1.4 Linking the Concepts 1.4. 1 Emotional Intelligence and Affective Forecasting.15 1.4. 2 Prosocial Personality and Emotional Intelligence.16
When No News is Good News – The Decrease in Investor Fear after the FOMC Announcement

We examine the impact of Federal Open Market Committee announcements on the intraday dynamics of the VIX and VIX futures. We find that at the time of the announcement the VIX and VIX futures decline significantly. We observe that the decline in the VIX and VIX futures after the announcement is not instantaneous but gradual, lasting for about 45min. The magnitude of the decline in the VIX and VIX futures is strongly negatively related to an increase in realized volatility at the time of the announcement. Finally, we explore the potential economic profits that could be obtained from the observed reaction of the VIX futures to the announcement, and show that a strategy that goes short in the nearest term VIX future at the start of a trading day and closes out at the end of that day generates an average return of 10% p.a.
Does Corporate Governance Influence the Efficiency of Brazilian Companies

Conflicts of interest between managers and owners is an oft-studied issue in academia, first documented by Berle and Means in 1932, which exposes the classic conflict of interest between agent and principal discussed in agency theory. The premise of corporate governance is that people in corporations do not necessarily act in funders’ best interest. Based on this assumption, this study investigates the influence of aspects of corporate governance on the efficiency of publicly traded Brazilian companies. The study combines static optimization techniques through data envelopment analysis (DEA) to identify the efficiency of publicly traded companies, using panel data to identify the influence of corporate governance on company efficiency. The data were manually collected from 20-F reports from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for Brazilian companies that had American depositary receipts (ADRs) because the database is not entirely available in Brazil. Many of the hypotheses were confirmed, thereby showing the particular conditions of corporate finance in Brazil with respect to corporate governance. The immaturity of the Brazilian capital market is perceived in various analyses, emphasizing that the history of the Brazilian corporate system is one of the limiting factors of the efficiency of companies. The conditions that prevail are the following: (i) high ownership-management overlap; (ii) boards with low effectiveness; (iii) in family groups, the poor definitions of the roles of stockholders, boards and management; (iv) the lack of clarity related to the cost-benefit relationship for good governance; (v) inefficiency of the boards of directors and (vi) evidence of conflicts of interests, diminished by explicit and implicit incentives.
Cyclical patterns in profits , provisioning and lending of banks and procyclicality of the new Basel capital requirements *

Supervisors worldwide work for the financial soundness of banks, in an increasingly market-oriented fashion. The upcoming new Basel accord on capital requirements, expected to enter into force end 2006, is a topical case in point (BCBS 2001). The main purpose of the new accord is to introduce a more risk-sensitive method for determining the minimum capital required to absorb losses, in particular credit losses. The current capital requirements under the Basel accord are mainly determined by fixed weights attached to categories of borrowers, such as businesses, government or banks, and disregard any variation within categories as to creditworthiness. Categorisation into risk classes is crude, so that as reflections of the actual risk, the accompanying risk weights are inadequate to the point of arbitrariness, while improvement or deterioration of creditworthiness with the ups and downs of the business cycle is disregarded in determining capital requirements. In reaction to this, many banks have reshuffled their
Firms ’ Accruals and Tobin ’ s q Accepted for publication in AESTIMATIO – The IEB International Journal of Finance

According to the neoclassical theory of investment, if firms’ accruals are a form of short-term investment they should be greatly influenced by the shadow price of capital, namely Tobin’s q. In the presence of financial market imperfections, cash-flows should also impact accruals since they proxy for liquidity constraints. In this paper, we test a new version of the cash-flows augmented accrual model featuring a proxy for Tobin’s q, and compare it to the most common models found in the literature. To deal with the measurement errors often encountered in accounting data and Tobin’s q empirical proxies, we rely on a modified version of the Hausman artificial regression, and find that all the key parameters of the accrual models are indeed systematically biased with measurement errors. More importantly, our findings largely qualify the accrual investment perspective, as both cash-flows and Tobin’s q are found strongly significant regressors of firms’ accruals. Interestingly, we find that the Tobin’s q augmented model is able to isolate discretionary accruals, and to deliver residuals quite close to zero on average. We would like to thank the Chaire d’information financière et organisationnelle (ESG-UQAM) for its financial support, and Cheng Few Lee, Steven J. Kachelmeier, Mark A. Trombley and Stephen Young for their valuable comments. * Corresponding author. Tel: +1 514 987 3000 4417. E-mail addresses: christian.calmes@uqo.ca (Christian Calmès), denis.cormier@uqam.ca (Denis Cormier), Racicot@telfer.uottawa. ca (François-Éric Racicot); raymond.theoret@uqam.ca (Raymond Théoret).