Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Debris flow susceptibility mapping at a regional scale along the National Road N 7 , Argentina

A first assessment of debris flow susceptibility at a large scale was performed along the National Road N7, Argentina. Numerous catchments are prone to debris flows and likely to endanger the road-users. A 1:50,000 susceptibility map was created. The use of a DEM (grid 30 m) associated to three complementary criteria (slope, contributing area, curvature) allowed the identification of potential source areas. The debris flow spreading was estimated using a processand GISbased model (Flow-R) based on basic probabilistic and energy calculations. The best-fit values for the coefficient of friction and the mass-to-drag ratio of the PCM model were found to be μ = 0.02 and M/D = 180 and the resulting propagation on one of the calibration site was validated using the Coulomb friction model. The results are realistic and will be useful to determine which areas need to be prioritized for detailed studies. RESUMEN Se realizó un primer estudio de susceptibilidad a los flujos de detritos a escala regional a lo largo de la Ruta Nacional N7 (Argentina), donde numerosas cuencas producen flujos de detritos afectando la ruta. Se utilizó un modelo de elevación digital con una resolución de 30 m y tres criterios para discriminar las áreas fuentes (pendiente, área de aporte y curvatura del terreno). El recorrido de los flujos de detritos se estimó con un modelo basado en SIG (Flow-R) utilizando algoritmos de probabilidad y de energía. Se eligieron dos de los mejores valores (μ = 0.02 and M/D = 180) para el coeficiente de fricción y el “mass-to-drag ratio” del modelo PCM, estos a su vez fueron validados con el modelo de fricción de Coulomb. Los resultados son coherentes y ayudan a definir las áreas que necesiten un estudio más detallado.
Predicting Factors of Common Bile Duct Diameter in South Khorasan; Addiction as a Public Dilemma

Introduction: Given the importance of identifying common bile duct diameter in diseases diagnoses and being different in different races, this paper aimed to investigate the relationship between the diameter of the common bile duct and demographic factors and drug addiction in patients who referred to the imaging department of Imam Reza hospital in Birjand during the year 1391-1392. Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on patients referred to the Imam Reza Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, during the year 91-1392. The study population consisted of patients with complaints other than the complaints associated with disorders of the liver and bile duct. Information about sex, drug use, BMI, age and duct diameter in proximal, middle and distal parts were recorded by the checklist. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 11.0 and the mean values, frequency of tests, Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis tests. And values of p <0.05 were considered significant. Results: A total of 315 subjects participated in the study. One hundred and sixty-two participants (51/4 percent) were female and the mean age of participants was 6/15±18/38. The mean diameter of the common bile duct in three proximal, middle and distal parts were determined as 4/2±1/5 mm, 4/2±6/5 mm and 4/2±9/5 mm. The results showed a significant relationship between bile duct diameter with age, gender, body mass index and addiction. (p<05/0). Discussion: According to these results, in the case of dilated common bile duct in sonographic imaging and considering the age, gender, body mass index status and the addiction; findings need to be adapted to his clinical status.
Hydrologic effects on methane dynamics in riparian wetlands in a temperate forest catchment

[1] To understand how hydrological processes affect biogeochemical and methane (CH4) cycles in temperate riparian wetlands, we measured CH4 fluxes and dissolved chemical constituents and CH4 concentrations in groundwater, and monitored several environmental factors in wetlands located within a forested headwater catchment in a warm, humid climate in Japan. Variation in redox components dissolved in groundwater, including nitrate (NO3−), Mn, Fe, and sulfate (SO42−), depended on temperature and soil-water conditions. Strongly reducing conditions usually occurred in the high-temperature months of July, August, and September. Dissolved CH4 in groundwater changed with redox conditions and was highest in summer and lowest in winter. CH4 emissions from riparian wetlands were observed almost throughout the year and displayed clear seasonality. Occasionally in summer, emission rates were more than 4 orders of magnitude greater than hillslope uptake rates. Although CH4 emissions increased markedly during most of the summer, they were constrained by (1) fluctuation of the water table, which when lowered can shift the subsurface zone to a more oxidized condition, and (2) the oxygen-rich water such as precipitation and lateral subsurface flow from the hillslope. These results suggest that hydrological processes in forest headwater catchments play an important role in supplying oxygen to soils and consequently affect biogeochemical cycles, including CH4 formation, and that small wetlands in forest watersheds function as large sources of CH4, especially in regions with warm humid summers.
PCR-RFLP of BMPR-IB gene in North African Barbarine sheep

This study reports the statue of the Booroola fecundity gene (FecB) mutation in Barbarine sheep breed. A total of 334 ewes recorded with twining births from the Tunisian fat tail Barbarine sheep were genotyped in the objective to identify the FecB mutation. The FecB genotyping was carried out by forced restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR technique. Forced PCR of the FecB gene was amplified using a specific primer designed to introduce a point mutation in the resulting PCR products with FecB non carriers sheep containing an AvaII restriction site, whereas products from non carriers lacked this site. Digestion of an amplified 140 base pair FecB gene with AvaII restriction enzyme resulted in a non-carrier 140 bp band (wild type) in all studied animals which revealed absence of the AvaII restriction site in this breed. Considering the records of twinning in this breed, it can be concluded that the genetics factor controlling twinning is not related to this mutation, which has been reported Booroola as a major gene previously.
On functorial properties of polynilpotent multipliers

Abstract Let V be a variety of groups. Baer-invariant VM(−) is a functor from the category of all groups, Group, to the category of all abelian groups, Ab. In this paper, we show some functional properties of the polynilpotent multiplier of a group G of class row (c1, . . . , ct), Nc1,. ,ctM(G). In fact, by using some results of the author and others, we try to concentrate on the commutativity of the above functor with the two famous functors Ext and Tor.
Surface Ocean pCO2 Seasonality and Sea-Air CO2 Flux Estimates for the North American East Coast

[1] Underway and in situ observations of surface ocean pCO2, combined with satellite data, were used to develop pCO2 regional algorithms to analyze the seasonal and interannual variability of surface ocean pCO2 and sea-air CO2 flux for five physically and biologically distinct regions of the eastern North American continental shelf: the South Atlantic Bight (SAB), the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB), the Gulf of Maine (GoM), Nantucket Shoals and Georges Bank (NS+GB), and the Scotian Shelf (SS). Temperature and dissolved inorganic carbon variability are the most influential factors driving the seasonality of pCO2. Estimates of the sea-air CO2 flux were derived from the available pCO2 data, as well as from the pCO2 reconstructed by the algorithm. Two different gas exchange parameterizations were used. The SS, GB+NS, MAB, and SAB regions are net sinks of atmospheric CO2 while the GoM is a weak source. The estimates vary depending on the use of surface ocean pCO2 from the data or algorithm, as well as with the use of the two different gas exchange parameterizations. Most of the regional estimates are in general agreement with previous studies when the range of uncertainty and interannual variability are taken into account. According to the algorithm, the average annual uptake of atmospheric CO2 by eastern North American continental shelf waters is found to be between −3.4 and −5.4 Tg C yr−1 (areal average of −0.7 to −1.0 mol CO2 m−2 yr−1) over the period 2003–2010.
Vulnerability, values and heterogeneity: one step further to understand risk perception and behaviour

The aim is to investigate differences in risk perception and behaviour among different population groups selected by gender, age, country of birth, disability and sexual orientation in the light of general values and vulnerability. The analyses use data from two Swedish national surveys from 2005 to 2008. People with foreign background perceive controlled and dread risks as a greater threat than do native-born people, but there is no difference in behaviour when general values and vulnerability have been controlled for. Compared to women, men rate known and dread risks as lower, but controlled risks as higher. Further, men’s behaviour is more risk-oriented and less risk-reducing, and homosexuals and bisexuals are more likely than heterosexuals to report risk behaviour. Compared to previous studies of the so-called White Male Effect carried out in the USA, gender does not play a similar role in Sweden. On the contrary, it seems as if gender is of less importance and that the strength of the association varies depending on type of risk or risk behaviour.
Metabolic Syndrome among Apparently Healthy Nigerians with the Harmonized Criteria: Prevalence and Concordance with the (IDF) and Third Report of the (NCEP-ATP III) Criteria

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome varies by the definition used and the population studied. In order to make comparison among various studies possible, a new criterion which harmonizes the previous definitions was proposed. This study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome with the harmonized criteria, and its concordance with the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and National Cholesterol Education Programme-Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. Methods: One hundred and two apparently healthy individuals who participated in health screening were evaluated for metabolic syndrome. The blood pressure and anthropometric parameters were measured according to standard protocol, and fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile were determined. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the Harmonized, IDF and ATP III criteria. The agreement among the three diagnostic criteria was determined with kappa statistics. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 4.9%, 3.9% and 4.9% with harmonized, IDF, and NCEP-ATP criteria respectively. Compared to the males, the prevalence was greater in females: Males vs Females (harmonized, 2.2% vs 7.0%; IDF, 2.2% vs 5.3%; NCEP-ATP III, 2.2% vs 7.0%). The commonest risk factor in this population was low HDL occurring in 93.0% and 37.8% of females and males respectively, followed by central obesity (50.9% in females, 13.3% in males with harmonized and IDF criteria; 33.3% in females, 4.4% in males with NCEP-ATP criteria), hypertension (12.5% in females, 18.6% in males) and hyperglycaemia (4.2% in females, 0.0% in males) in that order. None of the participants had elevated Triglyceride. There was a substantial concordance between the harmonized and the IDF (k=0.884) as well as the harmonized and NCEP-ATP III (k=1.000) definitions. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was low in this population. There was a substantial agreement among the three diagnostic criteria.
Participation’s Motives in Dancing Activities. Gender and Age as Differentiation Factors

Dancing, in every form, is defined as a physical activity that according to researchers is suitable for both sexes, for every age, for people with different education level and different professional careers. The aim of this research was to investigate what motivates the people who take part in dancing activities and especially in performance dancing. A secondary aim was to investigate group differences across gender and age. The sample of the investigation was 220 dancers of groups of performance dancing, where Greek folk dance is taught, and of private dance schools where ballet, Latin, contemporary dance and other kinds are taught. The Greek version (Foridou, Tsitskari, Bebetsos, Vernadakis, 2012) of Behaviour Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (Lonsdale, Hodge, Rose, 2008) was used for the data collection. Cronbach’s alphas were calculated to check the internal consistencies of the subscales of the measurements. Comparisons in dancers’ motives were examined across gender and age. An independent -samples t-test was used to investigate the group differences across gender and One-way analysis of variance was used to examine the group differences across age. The analysis of the results indicates that: a) the factors “Intrinsic Motivation – General”, “Intrinsic Motivation to Experience Stimulation” and “Intrinsic Motivation to Know” are more important for the sample, b) sex is not a factor that differentiates the motives of participation, and c) younger dancers are more inclined to dance than older dancers. In conclusion, we can assume that dancing is a suitable activity for everyone, and gives the pleasure and satisfaction to the participants without aiming to specific benefits. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n3s1p535
Species identification of root knot nematodes in Pakistan by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR).

DNA extracted from females or juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria and M. javanica were used for species identification at the James Hutton Institute (JHI), Dundee, Scotland. The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) was used to investigate the genetic diversity among the Meloidogyne species populations. Nematode populations of the same species were grouped unambiguously by most of the polymorhpic RAPD pattern with any of the three RAPD primers viz., SC10-30, OPG-13 and OPG-19. The total numbers of amplified polymorphic DNA fragments obtained were 97, 342 and 48 for M. incognita, M. javanica and M. arenaria, respectively. These distinctive RAPD fragments were candidates for intraspecific and intrapopulation identifications. Variation among populations of each species was also observed, especially within M. javanica. The three primers produced consistent patterns and yielded species-specific fragments that enabled the differentiation among the three Pakistani Meloidogyne species and four RKN species (M. chitwoodi, M. fallax, M. hapla and M. entrolobii (Syn =M. mayaguensis) from the JHI collection which were utilised as positive control.
More Than Just Talking: The Role of Self-Disclosure in the Fast Friends Procedure

The Fast Friends (FF) procedure was developed to generate feelings of closeness in the laboratory through escalating, mutual self-disclosure by partners (Aron, Melinant, Aron, Vallone, & Bator, 1997). Research indicates that, in addition to generating feelings of closeness, self-disclosure can also benefit mood. This study examined not only the total, but also the relative amount of self-disclosure between dyad partners in the FF vs. control condition. It was found that while participants in FF engaged in more self-disclosure overall, disclosure within FF dyads was not equitable. Contrary to prediction, the FF procedure did not generate more positive feelings than the control condition. Results are discussed in terms of social penetration and information process theories. Recommendations for further investigation are considered.
Comparative Evaluation Of Alteration In Retention Force Values Of Different Attachment Systems For Implant Overdenture Over Various Time Intervals : An In Vitro Study

Epidemiologic and demographic studies performed lately have anticipated an expansion in the quantity of maturing edentulous patients in most countries. The prosthetic therapy of the edentulous patient, since long, has been a noteworthy challenge for dentists. The compulsion of suffering misery from uncomfortable dentures was countered by the advent of dental implants in the field of dentistry in the mid 1980s. Specifically, the issues of stability and retention of lower prostheses have been improved by creating a fixed prosthesis or fabrication of an overdenture (OVD) to implants when the number is constrained in light of anatomical or social complexities. With the inclusion of implants in overdentures, there is a decrease in displacement of prosthesis due to lateral forces, leading to better stability and a repeatable centric occlusion. It also improves the masticatory function, quality of life, speech and even nutrition. In the course of recent years, mandibular two-implant supported overdentures (opposing conventional maxillary Abstract: Aim: To compare the retention force value alterations of four different types of implant overdenture attachments over various time intervals. Materials And Methods: 28 cuboidal blocks were fabricated using autopolymerising acrylic resin. Four of these were used as master blocks, one for each group. Master blocks for Group A and B contained an implant analog with ball abutment, for Group C contained a single piece implant with ball abutment and for Group D contained an implant analog with Locator abutment. Six blocks for each group were used as prosthetic blocks, which included the overdenture attachment to be studied. Prosthetic blocks for Group A contained nylon cap clear attachments, Group B contained nylon cap pink attachments, Group C contained O-ring attachments and Group D contained Locator clear attachments. The retention force was tested at four time intervals baseline, after 1 month (after 90 cycles of insertionremoval), after 6 months (540 cycles) and after 1 year of simulated clinical use (1080 cycles), using Universal testing machine. These values were compared and statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained. Results: Locator attachments were found to be the most retentive among all the stud attachments. The attachments showed significant retention loss over a period of 1 year except for nylon cappink. Maximum retention loss occurred for O-ring attachments (76.6%). Nylon cap pink was found to require least force for removal but showed more consistency over a period of 1 year of use. Conclusion: It was concluded that all overdenture attachments lose retention over time. However, the Locator attachment showed maximum retention values after 1080 cycles of insertion-removal.
ects of various transport processes on the streaming ion density during the ® rst stage of plasmaspheric re ® lling

The dependence of the ®rst stage H plasmaspheric re®lling density on various parameters is examined using a kinetic transport model. The ®rst stage of re®lling is de®ned as the time for the source cone to reach a quasi-steadystate level. Three in ̄uencing factors are examined in detail. The ®rst two factors are actually studying numerical in ̄uences of physical phenomena. That is, the method of including these processes in the calculation is varied to determine the importance of calculational rigor. The two processes of interest are self-collisional feedback and the ambipolar electric ®eld. The third in ̄uencing factor to be examined is the eect of coexistent energetic populations of the re®lling rate. It is found that the results greatly depend on the method of incorporating self-collisions into the model, as the scattering and loss processes of the low-energy proton population interacting with itself has a signi®cant in ̄uence on the early stage density. This interaction is particularly strong in the low-altitude region where the densities are high enough to substantially alter the distribution function. It is also found that the ambipolar electric ®eld is the dominant force term, increasing the densities in the plasmasphere by accelerating the particles through the low-altitude scattering zone. The hot populations are found to have only a minor in ̄uence near the equatorial region, where they slow the H streams down and cause the density to slightly increase. The eects of hot ions are more pronounced in the streaming velocity and the temperature anistropy, but still con®ned to the equatorial region. 7 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Interface-Induced plasmon nonhomogeneity in nanostructured metal-dielectric planar metamaterial

Transformations of the electronic structure in thin silver layers in metal-dielectric (TiAlN/Ag) multilayer nanocomposite were investigated by a set of electron spectroscopy techniques. Localization of the electronic states in the valence band and reduction of electron concentration in the conduction band was observed. This led to decreasing metallic properties of silver in the thin films. A critical layer thickness of 23.5 nm associated with the development of quantum effects was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Scanning Auger electron microscopy of characteristic energy losses provided images of plasmon localization in the Ag layers. The nonuniformity of plasmon intensities distribution near the metal-nitride interfaces was assessed experimentally.
Frontal and Posterior Asymmetry in Female Youth With Borderline Personality Disorder

Objective: This study aimed to identify pathophysiological markers of borderline personality disorder (BPD) using electroencephalogram (EEG). More specifically, it examined whether female youth diagnosed with BPD exhibited more frontal or posterior alpha asymmetry relative to healthy youth. Presently, there is limited EEG data on alpha asymmetry in youth with BPD. This study hypothesized that female youth diagnosed with BPD would exhibit greater frontal asymmetry compared to healthy youth. In keeping with this initial hypothesis, it was expected that greater frontal alpha asymmetry in youth with BPD would be associated with greater BPD severity and rumination. Finally, this study also explored posterior asymmetry in the BPD and healthy samples. Method: Female youth diagnosed with BPD (n = 33) were recruited from McLean Hospital’s 3East residential program and healthy controls (n=35) were recruited from the greater Boston community. Both samples were aged 13 to 23 years. Data regarding psychiatric conditions were obtained through clinical interviews and self-report measures, and resting eyes closed EEG data were acquired using a 128-channel high density net. Analyses focused on total alpha (8-13 Hz), alpha 1 (8.5-10 Hz), and alpha 2 (10.5-12 Hz). Correlations among all study variables were analyzed, and t-tests comparing differences among alpha asymmetry between BPD and healthy youth were conducted. Results: In contrast to the hypothesis, there were no significant frontal alpha asymmetry differences among healthy and BPD youth. Exploratory analyses, however, found that posterior asymmetry in the alpha 2 band was greater in the BPD relative to the healthy adolescents [t(65) = 2.04, p = . 046].