Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of E-Learning Design in Thai Public Schools

Purpose –This study examined the effectiveness of e-learning content design by considering two different subjects (mathematics and reading) and areas (metropolitan and rural). This study also investigated several variables, i.e., students’ satisfaction, motivation and experience, that influenced learning abilities. Moreover, we suggested ways of improving the effectiveness of e-learning for different kinds of students, subjects, and areas.Methodology – The participants were recruited from 263 randomly selected students in secondary school grades 9-10 (15year-olds). One hundred and thirty-eight students were from a public metropolitan school in Bangkok province, and 125 were from a public rural school in Suphanburi province. Pilot testing was conducted to confirm the reliability, validity, and internal consistency of the program and the exam questions, followed by field testing methods, which was used to identify the effectiveness of content design. Data analysis involved a quantitative research approach using a paired t-test to find the difference in scores between the pre- and post-tests. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse and find the relationships between improvements in scores and variables. Findings – The results indicated that the selected patterns of content and design were effective in mathematics and reading subjects and in both rural and metropolitan areas. In addition, academic achievement, accumulated grade point average (GPAX), significantly influenced improvements in reading subjects, and the intelligence indicator (IQ) had a significant effect on mathematics subjects in both areas. Furthermore, students’ satisfaction had an effect on learning abilities in most student groups.Significance – This pattern of design content may be significant for both instructors and program designers. This study provided a way of designing effective e-learning content that integrated effective indicators to identify potential students and improve their abilities. The pattern can be integrated with active learning.This blended learning model might be a new solution to solving problems with low-performing students in rural areas.
Wing pigmentation in territorial male damselflies, Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis: a possible relation to sexual selection

Abstract One striking characteristic in adult males of some odonate species is the presence of wing pigmentation. In Calopteryx species, males show a series of pre- and postcopulatory behavioural displays during which they face females while showing their pigmented wings. One hypothesis to explain the precopulatory flying displays and the associated wing pigmentation is that they may serve a sexual selection function. I investigated this in the territorial damselfly Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis . Males of this species defend aquatic substrates that females use for oviposition. Observational evidence indicated that males with a higher proportion of wing pigmentation were more likely to defend a territory, obtained more matings, had fewer gut parasites, survived in the study site and stayed in territories for longer. Experimental evidence suggested that the relationship mating success and wing pigmentation still held when controlling for the size of the substrate defended by territorial males. Similar to other studies in the Calopterygidae, these results suggest that wing pigmentation may be favoured by sexual selection. I discuss, however, whether an alternative function for male copulatory courtship displays and wing pigmentation, as sexual and/or species recognition, may also explain the evolution of these traits. Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved .
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effectiveness of an Adaptive Text Messaging Intervention for Adolescent Weight Control in Primary Care

Objective: Behavioral interventions for adolescent weight control are often difficult to access because they are rarely provided in primary health care. This study was designed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a motivational interviewing plus adaptive text messaging intervention for adolescent weight control delivered in primary care. Methods: Forty-seven overweight adolescents (aged 13–18 years) participated in a single, hour-long, in-person motivational interviewing session in their primary care pediatrician’s office with a clinical psychology doctoral student. All participants monitored diet, physical activity, and weight over 6 months and reported this information nightly via text message. Participants were selected randomly to receive computer-tailored adaptive text messages 3 times per day at mealtimes as an additional intervention component. Results: Participants found the intervention to be acceptable and beneficial for promoting weight-related behavior change. Adherence to self-monitoring was significantly higher in the adaptive text messaging group. Although body mass index z-score (zBMI) change was not significantly different across treatment groups, participants receiving the adaptive text message intervention demonstrated a reduction of . 32 zBMI standard deviation units from before to after intervention, t(28) = −2.84, p < . 01, d = . 54, whereas zBMI did not change for individuals receiving the control intervention. Several domains of weight-related quality of life improved during the intervention period irrespective of treatment assignment. Conclusions: Study findings suggest that a behavioral weight control intervention delivered in a primary care is acceptable/feasible and may produce reductions in zBMI. Fully powered studies to further evaluate this intervention approach are warranted.
When your heart is in your mouth: the effect of second language use on negative emotions

ABSTRACT Research on bilingualism and emotions has shown stronger emotional responses in the native language (L1) compared to a foreign language. We investigated the potential of purposeful second language (L2) use as a means of decreasing the experience of psychological distress. Native Swedish speakers read and answered questions about negative and neutral texts in their L1 (Swedish) and their L2 (English) and were asked to rate their level of distress before or after the questions. The texts and associated questions were either written in the same (within-language), or different languages (cross-language). We found that within-language trials when the text was written in participants’ native language (Swedish–Swedish) resulted in an increase of distress, whilst cross-language trials (Swedish–English) resulted in a decrease of distress. This implies that purposeful second language use can diminish levels of distress experienced following a negative event encoded in one's first language.
Temperature-dependent effect of filamentous cyanobacteria on Daphnia magna life history traits

Filamentous cyanobacteria are unsuitable food for Daphnia due to their poor manageability, poor nutritional value and, in some cases, toxicity. As the strength of harmful effects of cyanobacteria on filter-feeding zooplankton is temperature dependent, the global warming scenarios for eutrophic lakes in temperate zone might include an escalated suppression of Daphnia populations caused by the presence of cyanobacterial filaments. To test this assumption, we conducted life-table experiments with four clones of Daphnia magna fed either a green alga Scenedesmus obliquus or a non-toxic strain of filamentous cyanobacteria Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in two temperatures (20 °C and 24 °C). Key life history parameters of Daphnia, i.e., age and size at first reproduction, fecundity, and individual growth rate, were measured. Both food and temperature significantly affected Daphnia performance, however, the effect of interaction of these two factors was ambiguous and highly genotype-dependent. We conclude that the temperature increase within the studied range will not necessarily strengthen the suppression of Daphnia growth by filamentous cyanobacteria, but may affect clonal selection within population of Daphnia, thus possibly triggering microevolutionary changes within affected populations.
Multiple Primary Cilia Modulate the Fluid Transcytosis in Choroid Plexus Epithelium

Functional defects in cilia are associated with various human diseases including congenital hydrocephalus. Previous studies suggested that defects in cilia not only disrupt the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) generated by motile cilia in ependyma lining the brain ventricles, but also cause increased CSF production at the choroid plexus. However, the molecular mechanisms of CSF overproduction by ciliary dysfunction remain elusive. To dissect the molecular mechanisms, choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) were isolated from porcine brain. These cells expressed clusters of primary cilia on the apical surface. Deciliation of CPECs elevated the intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels and stimulated basolateral‐to‐apical fluid transcytosis, without detrimental effects on other morphological and physiological features. The primary cilia possessed neuropeptide FF (NPFF) receptor 2. In deciliated cells, the responsiveness to NPFF was reduced at nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, CPECs expressed NPFF precursor along with NPFFR2. An NPFFR antagonist, BIBP3226, increased the fluid transcytosis, suggesting the presence of autocrine NPFF signaling in CPECs for a tonic inhibition of fluid transcytosis. These results suggest that the clusters of primary cilia in CPECs act as a sensitive chemosensor to regulate CSF production.
Differential acquisition of m-sequences using recursive soft sequential estimation

A novel sequential estimation method is proposed for the acquisition of m-sequences. This sequential estimation method exploits the principle of iterative soft-in-soft-out (SISO) decoding for enhancing the acquisition performance, and that of differential preprocessing for the sake of achieving an enhanced acquisition performance, when communicating over various communication environments. Hence, the advocated acquisition arrangement is referred to as the differential recursive soft sequential estimation (DRSSE) acquisition scheme. The DRSSE acquisition scheme exhibits a low complexity, which is similar to that of an m-sequence generator, while achieving an acquisition time that is linearly dependent on the number of stages in the m-sequence generator. A low acquisition time is achieved with the advent of the property that the proposed DRSSE scheme is capable of determining the real-time reliabilities associated with the decision concerning a set of, say, S consecutive chips. This set of consecutive chips constitutes the sufficient initial condition for enabling the local m-sequence generator to produce a synchronized local despreading m-sequence replica. Owing to these attractive characteristics, the DRSSE acquisition scheme constitutes a promising initial synchronization scheme for acquisition of long m-sequences, when communicating over various propagation environments.
Five years follow-up after Y-graft arterial revascularization: on pump versus off pump; prospective clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES We report our comparative experience of on-pump and off-pump full arterial coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using both internal mammary arteries (IMAs) anastomosed as a Y-graft. METHODS A single-center clinical study was conducted prospectively between January 2003 and May 2008. It compared the short- and mid-term clinical outcomes of on- and off-pump arterial revascularization where the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was anastomosed to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery while the free right internal mammary artery (RIMA) graft taking off from the LIMA was used to bypass different coronary targets. RESULTS One hundred and ninety-two patients were divided into 77 on-pump and 115 off-pump procedures based on the intention to treat. The mean age in both groups was 60.2+/-11.7 and 68.1+/-10.6 years, respectively (P<0.05). Mean predictive logistic EuroSCORE was 3.5+/-6.7% for the on-pump group and 7.3+/-8.6% for the off-pump group (P<0.0001). Mean number of distal anastomoses were 2.7+/-0.6 (group ON) and 2.5+/-0.6 (group OFF) (P=NS). Postoperative mortality was two patients (2.6%) in the on-pump group and four patients (3.4%) in the off-pump group (P=0.63). No major adverse cardiac event, no stroke and no late death were reported during the follow-up that averaged 36.5+/-18.6 months. Angina recurrence was three patients (2.6%) in off-pump and two patients (3.5%) in on-pump group (P=NS). CONCLUSIONS The use of a free RIMA as Y-graft from the LIMA performed off pump eradicates aortic manipulations and provides complete revascularization to high-risk patients with mortality similar to the one of a lower risk population operated on pump. The morbidity and cost was lower in the off-pump group. This advocates for the widespread usage of the technique in high-risk patients.
Stress, burnout and health in a sample of Spanish teachers

The current educational crisis in different countries shows very different connotations of an economic, sociological, psychological and educational level that are having an impact on the teacher and their pedagogical relationship[30]. Although in terms of research, both stress, Burnout and health of teachers are the most productive areas in Psychology, the causes, effects, prevalence and incidence, being such a situation more evident in our country, where research is limited. The aim of this work was to analyze the stress level of teachers and their relationship with Burnout and health, taking into account sex, age and years of service, in a sample of Spanish teachers. Results show a significant relationship between the stress level of teachers, Burnout and health status with a differential profile according to age, sex and years of service.
Monitor Jongeren Op Gezond Gewicht 2015

De stichting Jongeren op Gezond Gewicht is in 2015 opgericht om een deel van de werkzaamheden van het Convenant Gezond Gewicht voort te zetten. De stichting heeft als doelstelling om te werken aa een gezonde omgeving met structureel aandacht voor gezonde leefstijl voor tenminste een miljoen kinderen en jongeren in 2020 en om in 75 JOGG-gemeenten een procentuele stijging te realiseren van kinderen en jongeren met een gezond gewicht. Jongeren Op Gezond Gewicht werkt hierin nauw samen met gemeenten, bedrijven en diverse maatschappelijke organisaties. Dit is de eerste Monitor Jongeren Op Gezond Gewicht, opgesteld door het Mulier Instituut en het RIVM in opdracht van Jongeren op Gezond Gewicht. Het is de intentie om jaarlijks een soortgelijke rapportage uit te brengen. Concluderend stellen de onderzoekers vast dat Jongeren op Gezond Gewicht aan het einde van het eerste jaar van zijn (hernieuwde) bestaan actief is in 91 gemeenten en 425 sportverenigingen en daarmee naar schatting 528.000 kinderen bereikt (doel: een miljoen kinderen in 2020). Het feit dat Jongeren op Gezond Gewicht actief is in een buurt of gemeente, impliceert nog niet dat dit bij alle kinderen in die locaties ook daadwerkelijk tot gedragsverandering leidt of dat in de betreffende buurt structureel aandacht is voor een gezonde leefstijl. Het is nog niet bekend in hoeverre sprake is van een stijging van het aantal kinderen op gezond gewicht in de JOGG gemeenten. De rapportage sluit af met een aantal aanbevelingen.
Characterization of TSP (Si, Pb and Ca) from tropical ambient air during building construction project

Apartment development in urban areas is often proposed as solution to meet the housing needs. However, building construction could contribute air pollutants that have a negative impact on health. This activity could generate Total Suspended Particulate (TSP). This study aimed to quantify the composition of TSP (Si, Pb and Ca) arising from building construction activities and comparing the measurement results with the air quality standard in Indonesia. The sampling method was undertaken according to SNI 19-7119.3-2005. Based on this research, the TSP concentration in samples has exceeded the permissible limit (the highest concentration of TSP was 786, 13 µg/m3). The result of characterization of TSP indicates that the highest Si concentration was found at the point of transportation path, while Pb and Ca.
Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background/Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognised to be a strong risk factor for causing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), independent of the presence of diabetes mellitus. The association of NAFLD with outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been variably reported. This study aimed to investigate the association of NAFLD with cardiovascular, renal outcomes and mortality in patients with advanced DKD (CKD 3–5, not on dialysis). Methods: This observational study was carried out on 192 patients with DKD within a cohort of 2,974 non-dialysis CKD patients, who had an ultrasound (US) of their liver done between January 2000 and end of December 2014. From these 192 patients, 149 patients (NAFLD 48 and normal US 101) were included for comparative analysis, as they had complete datasets. Patient demographics, comorbidities and blood results were collected at study baseline. Follow-up data on non-fatal cardiovascular events (NFCVE), mortality and serial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was gathered until study end point. Cox-regression analysis was used to study the association of NAFLD with NFCVE and mortality, and linear regression analysis was used for the estimation of renal progression. Results: Median follow-up time was 69 months, similar in both groups (p = 0.09). Median eGFR was 31.6 mL/min/1.73 m2, with a median urine protein creatinine ratio of 46 g/mol. A total of 20 (41.7%) NFCVE were recorded in the NAFLD group compared to 14 (13.9%) in the normal US group. Multivariable Cox-regression analysis showed NAFLD as an independent risk factor (hazard ratio 2.95; 95% CI 1.31–6.60; p = 0.01) for NFCVE even after including all cardiovascular risks parameters that were significant in the univariable model. There was no significant difference in survival between the 2 groups over the follow-up period (log-rank test, p = 0.76). The overall rate of decline in eGFR was 3.46 mL/min/1.73 m2/year and this was not observed to be different between the groups (p = 0.65). Conclusion: In our cohort of patients with advanced DKD, NAFLD showed a strong independent association with cardiovascular outcomes. Further prospective studies are warranted to strengthen these associations and plan a strategy for screening NAFLD in this high-risk group.
Evaluation of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Function in Adult +/+ and +/− BDNF Mutant Mice

Abstract Deletion of a single copy of the BDNF gene has been shown to affect the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system of young adult BDNF mice. In the present report we evaluated various indices of nigrostriatal dopaminergic function between 9-month-old wild-type (+/+) and heterozygous (+/−) BDNF mutant mice. Performance in a sensorimotor beam walking task was significantly decreased in +/− mice as indicated by increased times required to traverse both a wide (21 mm) and narrow (6 mm) beam. No differences in spontaneous locomotor behavior were observed between the +/+ and +/− mice. Amphetamine-stimulated (5 mg/kg) locomotor behavior was increased to a greater degree in the +/− mice, with the number of movements performed by these mice being significantly greater than their +/+ controls. Corpus striatal dopamine concentrations were significantly greater in the +/− BDNF mice. The absence of any significant differences for dopamine concentrations within the hypothalamus and olfactory bulb of these mice, as well as an absence of any difference in striatal norepinephrine concentrations, suggested a relative specificity of these effects to the corpus striatum. Both the +/− and +/+ mice showed similar reductions in striatal dopamine concentrations in response to a neurotoxic regimen of methamphetamine (20 mg/kg). Collectively these data show increased levels of striatal dopamine concentrations associated with altered behavioral responses involving the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system within the heterozygous BDNF mutant mice.
Passive and active acoustic monitoring of mulloway in the Swan River

Passive acoustic monitoring is a standard tool to monitor vocal marine fauna. High-frequency multibeam echosounders have developed rapidly in recent years, with the number of applications for detecting and tracking biological targets expanding significantly. In the Swan River, Perth, mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus) form aggregations each austral summer. Here, a Kongsberg MS1000 scanning sonar and a CMST Underwater Sound Recorder (USR) were deployed onto the riverbed in 12 m of water. The sonar scanned to ranges of 50 and 75 m (angular resolution, 0.45°), taking approximately 120 s for one full 360° scan. The USR sampled at 6 ksps for five of every fifteen minutes. The sonar detected fish travelling slowly (typically <0.5 ms) within its range, while the passive recorder detected the development of an evening chorus, starting with individual calling fish. One example target remained within the field of view of the sonar for over an hour, detected 55 times as it moved ≈100 m. Simultaneously, the USR recorded mulloway vocalisations, with received levels approximating those predicted for a mulloway at the range detected by the sonar. This study outlines one of the first successes of matching passive and active acoustic tracking of vocal fish, as a precursor to using sonar techniques to verify estimates of calling numbers of fish from passive acoustic monitoring.
Changes in Personality and Emotion following Bilateral Infarction of the Posterior Cerebral Arteries

Abstract: Remarkable changes in personality, emotion and behavior were observed in a 66‐year‐old female with bilateral infarction of the medial Inferior portion at the temporo‐occipital region. Aggressiveness, emotional lability and indifference were noted in the patient as psychiatric manifestation. No dehite delirium, however, was observed. A neuroradiological examination revealed the lesions located at the territory of the posterior cerebral artery, which involved the hippocampus, the parahippocampal gyri, the fusiform gyri and the lingual gyri. Therefore, the psychiatric disturbances and the neuropsychological symptoms presented here are attributed to these lesions with the multiple infarctions in the brain. The present case is noteworthy for its unique changes in personality and emotion which in the literature have not reported to be caused following the vascular accident of the bilateral posterior cerebral artery.
Meta-analysis of parasite-induced behavioural changes

A meta-analysis was performed on published results of studies measuring the effects of helminth parasites on host behaviour. For each of the 114 comparisons between infected and uninfected hosts that could be included, an estimate of the magnitude of the effect of parasites was calculated and standardized for the variability in the original data. Using these estimates, the meta-analysis then determined the overall magnitude and significance of the effect of parasites on host behaviour, and tested for consistency among the outcomes of different comparisons. Significant differences were found between helminth taxa, with nematodes having a greater effect on both host activity and microhabitat choice than other helminth parasites. The magnitude of the effect of parasites on host activity was similar whether the host was an invertebrate or a vertebrate, but the influence of parasites on host microhabitat choice was greater in vertebrates. Contrary to what had been expected, parasites that do not appear to benefit from changes in host behaviour had the greatest impact on host behaviour, although taxonomic biases may have affected this comparison. The meta-analysis has uncovered trends and raised several questions that should be addressed in future studies.