Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
econstor Make Your Publications Visible . A Service of zbw

In this paper a nonparametric variance ratio testing approach is proposed for determining the cointegration rank in fractionally integrated systems. The test statistic is easily calculated without prior knowledge of the integration order of the data, the strength of the cointegrating relations, or the cointegration vector(s). The latter property makes it easier to implement than regression-based approaches, especially when examining relationships between several variables with possibly multiple cointegrating vectors. Since the test is nonparametric, it does not require the speci cation of a particular model and is invariant to short-run dynamics. Nor does it require the choice of any smoothing parameters that change the test statistic without being reected in the asymptotic distribution. Furthermore, a consistent estimator of the cointegration space can be obtained from the procedure. The asymptotic distribution theory for the proposed test is non-standard but easily tabulated or simulated. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate excellent nite sample properties, even rivaling those of well-speci ed parametric tests. The proposed methodology is applied to the term structure of interest rates, where, contrary to both fractional and integer-based parametric approaches, evidence in favor of the expectations hypothesis is found using the nonparametric approach. JEL Classi cation: C32. Keywords: Cointegration rank, cointegration space, fractional integration and cointegration, interest rates, long memory, nonparametric, term structure, variance ratio. Short title: Nonparametric Fractional Cointegration Analysis. 1 Introduction Traditionally, cointegration analysis has been developed mostly in the context of processes that are integrated of integer orders, and the most popular case is where observed series are each assumed to have a single unit root. In that case, rst di¤erencing an individual series or taking a Mailing address: Department of Economics, Dunning Hall Room 307, 94 University Avenue, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; phone: +1 613 533 2262; fax: +1 613 533 6668; email: mon@econ.queensu. ca
Lectures on Geometric Tools for String Compactifications

In this work we provide a self-contained and modern introduction to some of the tools, obstacles and open questions arising in string compactifications. Techniques and current progress are illustrated in the context of smooth heterotic string compactifications to 4-dimensions. Progress is described on bounding and enumerating possible string backgrounds and their properties. We provide an overview of constructions, partial classifications, and moduli problems associated to Calabi-Yau manifolds and holomorphic bundles over them.
Tax Rates , Tax Evasion , and Growth in a Multi-period Economy *

We extend the basic tax evasion model to a multi-period economy exhibiting sustained growth. When individuals conceal part of their true income from the tax authority, they face the risk of being audited and hence of paying the corresponding fine. Both taxes and fines determine individual saving and the rate of capital accumulation. We show that, if the penalty imposed on tax evaders is proportional to the amount of evaded taxes, then the growth rate is decreasing in the tax rate. However, the relationship between growth and tax rate becomes non-monotonic when the penalty rate is imposed on the amount of evaded income.
EFFECTS OF SUSCEPTIBILTY TO INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE ON CLOTHING BENEFITS SOUGHT

Susceptibility to interpersonal infl uence is the tendency of an individual to be infl uenced by other people in their decision-making. Prior research suggests that susceptibility to interpersonal infl uence aff ects various numbers of consumer behaviours. This paper aims to investigate the eff ects of susceptibility to interpersonal infl uence on clothing benefi ts sought, which are: uniqueness, conformity, self-congruity, social status and modesty. Data for the present study was collected through web-based and drop off questionnaires. 222 completed questionnaires were received and analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Results of this study show that susceptibility to interpersonal infl uence is positively related to uniqueness, conformity, self-congruity and social status. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed towards the end of this paper.
Assessment issues in content and language integrated learning ( CLIL )

Correspondence: Zhetpisbayeva B. A. , Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Full Professor, Ye.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, Kazakhstan. ABSTRACT In this article, the authors considered the issues of assessment in the content and language integrated learning. The new system for evaluating the learning outcomes would be used in all classes of the secondary schools in Kazakhstan in 2019–2020 academic year. A special organization of the educational process in the classroom, changes of the approaches of planning and defining the objectives, assessments of learning outcomes, selection of teaching materials, combining the content of the subjects and the process of learning the language would be needed to achieve the effectiveness of studying the subjects in English in a comprehensive school. In order to study the practice of CLIL assessment, the authors conducted a research among the teachers in Karaganda region who taught biology, chemistry, physics, and computer science in English; and the detailed analysis of the results of this study was presented. The primary task for tracking the development of the language skills and their assessment was developing a system of language learning objectives for CLIL.
THE PRODUCTION OF ESTONIAN VOWELS IN THREE QUANTITY DEGREES BY SPANISH L1 SPEAKERS

This paper studies the production of Estonian vowels in three quantity degrees by Spanish L1 learners of Estonian. The Estonian vowel system includes 9 vowels /i, y, e, ø, æ, ɑ, o, ɤ, u/ while the Spanish vowel system has 5 /i, e, a, o, u/. Estonian has a rather complex three-way quantity system whereas in Spanish there are no phonological length oppositions. Twenty-two native speakers of Spanish participated in a reading task. As a control group ten native speakers of Estonian were recorded. The results showed that Spanish speakers did not distinguish between Estonian close-mid vowels (/ø, ɤ/) but produced instead an ambiguous mid-vowel. Also, the Estonian vowels /æ/ and /ɑ/ were merged into Spanish /a/. The results improved with more exposure to the target language. Additionally, the vowels produced by Spanish speakers were significantly longer.
SKELETAL DISEASE IN SEVERE PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

Bone disease in severe primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is described classically as osteitis fibrosa cystica (OFC). Bone pain, skeletal deformities and pathological fractures are features of OFC. Bone mineral density is usually extremely low in OFC, but it is reversible after surgical cure. The signs and symptoms of severe bone disease include bone pain, pathologic fractures, proximal muscle weakness with hyperreflexia. Bone involvement is typically characterized as saltand-pepper appearance in the skull, bone erosions and bone resorption of the phalanges, brown tumors and cysts. In the radiography, diffuse demineralization is observed, along with pathological fractures, particularly in the long bones of the extremities. In severe, symptomatic PHPT, marked elevation of the serum calcium and PTH concentrations are seen and renal involvement is manifested by nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. A new technology, recently approved for clinical use in the United States and Europe, is likely to become more widely available because it is an adaptation of the lumbar spine DXA image. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a gray-level textural analysis that provides an indirect index of trabecular microarchitecture. Newer technologies, such as high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), have provided further understanding of the microstructural skeletal features in PHPT.
Relativity , Inequality , and Optimal Nonlinear Income Taxation in an Open Economy ∗

Recent evidence suggests that globalization has not just reduced the barriers to international labor mobility but also induced more cross-country social comparisons. This paper extends the analysis of Kanbur and Tuomala (2013) (K&T) to an open economy with taxdriven migrations and cross-country consumption comparisons. We derive an optimal tax formula which subsumes existing formulas obtained under maximin social objective and additively separable utility, and we qualitatively characterize this formula over a continuum of income distribution. We establish thresholds of the elasticity and level of migration to identify when relativity and inequality are complementary (or substitutive) in shaping the tax rates of top-income workers, generalizing the prediction of K&T obtained under a zero elasticity and level of migration. Under both Nash and Stackelberg tax competition: if the migration probability of top-income workers is around 50%, numerical calculation using realistic parameter values shows that the country with labor inflow (resp. outflow) imposes over 10% lower (resp. higher) marginal tax rates than suggested by K&T.
Meta-monitoring system for ensuring a fault tolerance of the intelligent high-performance computing environment

The high-performance computing systems include a large number of hardware and software components that can cause failures. Nowadays, the well-known approaches to monitoring and ensuring the fault tolerance of the high-performance computing systems do not allow to fully implement its integrated solution. The aim of this paper is to develop methods and tools for identifying abnormal situations during large-scale computational experiments in high-performance computing environments, localizing these malfunctions, automatically troubleshooting if this is possible, and automatically reconfiguring the computing environment otherwise. The proposed approach is based on the idea of integrating monitoring systems, used in different nodes of the environment, into a unified meta-monitoring system. The use of the proposed approach minimizes the time to perform diagnostics and troubleshooting through the use of parallel operations. It also improves the resiliency of the computing environment processes by preventive measures to diagnose and troubleshoot of failures. These advantages lead to increasing the reliability and efficiency of the environment functioning. The novelty of the proposed approach is underlined by the following elements: mechanisms of the decentralized collection, storage, and processing of monitoring data; a new technique of decision-making in reconfiguring the environment; the supporting the provision of fault tolerance and reliability not only for software and hardware, but also for environment management systems.
Variation in egg quality traits depending on storage conditions

The aim of the study was determination of changes in quality traits of eggs depending on storage conditions. The study material were 360 table eggs laid by 52 weeks of age laying hens, Tetra SL, being in their peak of egg production. The eggs were stored at a temperature of 4 and 23C. Evaluation of egg quality was carried out on the 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 day, analyzing 40 eggs from each group. It was found that storage conditions had a significant effect on the loss of egg weight and thick albumen as well as on an increase in its pH value. Temperature of 23C had a greater effect on the dynamics of these changes, while eggs stored at a temperature of 4C even after 28-day storage were characterized by a good quality and freshness. Long-term storage had no significant effect on the shell weight, its thickness and elastic deformation and resistance to crushing. ZMIENNOŚĆ CECH JAKOŚCIOWYCH JAJ W ZALEŻNOŚCI OD WARUNKÓW PRZECHOWYWANIA Marek Adamski, Joanna Kuźniacka, Rafał Czarnecki, Joanna Kucharska-Gaca, Emilia Kowalska Katedra Nauk o Zwierzętach Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy w Bydgoszczy S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: jajo spożywcze, czas przechowywania, jakość żółtka, białka, skorupy. Address: Marek Adamski, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, ul. Mazowiecka 28, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland, phone: +48(52) 374 97 63, e-mail: adamski@utp.edu. pl
Factors Influencing International Equity Joint Venture Performance : A Meta-analytical Review

During the last two decades international equity joint ventures (IJVs) have attracted considerable interest among academic researchers and managers. However, the empirical findings on variables influencing IJV performance are inconsistent. To consolidate existing empirical findings and to identify factors those explain conflicting results of different studies. We address the question if and how several variables are related to IJV performance by integrating findings of 54 studies (N=10,575) 58 studies (N=10,882) through the method of meta-analysis. Our results suggest that interpartner trust is a critical factor for IJV performance. Moreover, goal congruity between the IJV partners and relatedness also affect IJV performance positively. Finally, results reveal that organizational cultural distance has a stronger negative effect on IJV performance than national cultural distance.
EFFECTS OF RICE MILLING WASTE-BASED DIET ON PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN FEMALE RABBITS

Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, Ilorin.aadeyina@yahoo.com, 07033330765. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of rice milling waste (RMW) based diet on performance, rectal temperature, reproductive hormones and serum enzymes in female rabbits. A total of 30 female weaner rabbits (56 days old; 538.32 ± 44.98(g) body weight were used. The rabbits were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments (A, B, C, D and E). Each treatment had six rabbits replicated into three. Each replicate contained two rabbits. The RMW was included in the diets at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% respectively. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The experiment lasted for 9 weeks. The inclusion of RMW resulted in significant (p<0.05) improvement in final live weight, weight gain and feed: gain ratio of the rabbits fed 20 and 30% RMW. The inclusion of RMW significantly (p<0.05) increased the glucose level at the first week which reduced at third and seventh week. Alkaline phosphatise and alanine aminotranseferase were decreased (p<0.05) significantly by RMW. At 10 and 20%, luteinizing hormone was decreased. Rental temperature was not significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, RMW could be included in diets of female weaner rabbits up to 30% without detrimental effect.
CD 43 promotes cell growth and helps to evade FAS-mediated apoptosis in non-hematopoietic cancer cells lacking the tumor suppressors p 53 or ARF

CD43 is a highly glycosylated transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of most hematopoietic cells. Expression of CD43 has also been demonstrated in many human tumor tissues, including colon adenomas and carcinomas, but not in normal colon epithelium. The potential contribution of CD43 to tumor development is still not understood. Here, we show that overexpression of CD43 increases cell growth and colony formation in mouse and human cells lacking expression of either p53 or ARF (alternative reading frame) tumor-suppressor proteins. In addition, CD43 overexpression also lowers the detection of the FAS death receptor on the cell surface of human cancer cells, and thereby helps to evade FASmediated apoptosis. However, when both p53 and ARF proteins are present, CD43 overexpression activates p53 and suppresses colony formation due to induction of apoptosis. These observations suggest CD43 as a potential contributor to tumor development and the functional ARF–p53 pathway is required for the elimination of cells with aberrant CD43 expression. Oncogeneadvance online publication, 24 September 2007; doi:10.1038/sj.onc. 1210802
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravenous Paracetamol and Intravenous Tramadol for Labour Analgesia

Background: Labour pain described as ‘the most horrible’ affects both physiological and psychological aspects of labour. Thus, the provision of labour analgesia is of paramount importance to better both maternal and neonatal outcomes. In our country, majority of obstetric services are in the hands of trained nurses and non-specialized doctors and thus awareness and acceptance of pain-relieving for women in labour virtually does not exist. Therefore, drugs like paracetamol and tramadol with advantage of easy availability, being inexpensive with no special technique of administration are a boon for labour analgesia. Objective: To compare the role of intravenous paracetamol versus intravenous tramadol as an intrapartum labour analgesic. Materials and methods: A total of 273 primigravidae with term gestation with singleton pregnancy with vertex presentation in active phase of labour with cervical dilatation ≥ 4cm with spontaneous onset of labour were taken who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Group P (141 women) and Group T (132 women) received 100 ml intravenous infusion containing 1 gram of paracetamol single dose and 100 mg of tramadol hydrochloride diluted in 100 ml normal saline over 15 minutes respectively. Visual Analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess pain intensity, before administering drug, after 1 and 3 hours of drug administration. The primary outcomes measured were difference in VAS score in both groups. The secondary outcomes analysed were mode of delivery, duration of labour, drug-delivery interval, maternal side effects and neonatal outcomes in terms of birth weight, APGAR scores and NICU admissions. Results: The mean VAS score decreased significantly to a greater extent in group P than group T and showed a significant statistical difference among both the groups (p < 0.001). In both the groups, the difference in the VAS score was statistically significant (p<0.05). The duration of labour was statistically shorter in group P (p< 0.0001). The participants in group T had more incidence of maternal side-effects and 7 NICU admission than in paracetamol group. Conclusion: Intravenous paracetamol with better analgesic efficacy, shorter duration of labour and fewer maternal side effects is a more effective labour analgesic than tramadol.
Cyclic Codes Over Z 4 of Even Length

We determine the structure of cyclic codes over Z4 for arbitrary even length giving the generator polynomial for these codes. We determine the number of cyclic codes for a given length. We describe the duals of the cyclic codes, describe the form of cyclic codes that are self-dual and give the number of these codes. We end by examining specific cases of cyclic codes, giving all cyclic self-dual codes of length less than or equal to 14.
Leveraging Object Shape and Scene Geometry for Online Multi Object Tracking using Monocular Camera

In this thesis, we present a novel approach to the Multi-object tracking (MOT) problem. Specifically, the focus is on tracking multiple traffic participants in road scenes from a monocular camera mounted on an autonomous car. While this is an extremely well-studied problem, state of the art approaches rely exclusively on appearance information (derived from image pixels) to associate bounding box detections over image sequences (aka tracking-by-detection). They fail to leverage the abundant world-space information that can be harnessed by usage of simple projective geometry, and other semantic cues. We show that, moving beyond pixels and incorporating geometric and object shape cues improves the performance of tracking-by-detection framework by leaps and bounds. We propose several 2D (appearance/pixel space) and 3D (world-space) cues and constructs pair wise costs that can readily be incorporated into any tracking-by-detection workflow. Moreover, all the proposed cues (both 2D and 3D) are computed using image sequences from a monocular camera. Although reasoning about the 3D shape and pose of object in a monocular setting is ill posed, we demonstrate that incorporating prior knowledge about the scene in form of :prior known camera height (which is the case in autonomous driving systems) , the assumption that vehicles being co-planar with the ego vehicle and with knowledge of how 3D shapes project in the image; can help in reasoning about the reverse process : the 3D object shape, pose and motion in a monocular setting. This knowledge about the scene and the objects helps in forming association costs in 3D. We train a Convolutional Neural Network to reason about semantic keypoints of vehicles, which not only provides observations to reason about objects in 3D, but provides complimentary 2D cues about the object appearance for the task of data association. The proposed costs are agnostic to the data association method and can be incorporated into any optimization framework. These costs are easy to implement, can be computed in real-time, and complement each other to account for possible errors in a tracking-by-detection framework. We perform an extensive analysis of the designed costs and empirically demonstrate consistent improvement over the state-of-the-art under varying conditions that employ a range of object detectors and exhibit a variety in camera and object motions. We showcase that using the simplest of associations frameworks (two-frame Hungarian assignment), the presented approach surpasses the state-of-the-art in multi-object-tracking on road scenes.
Place of origin and the earnings of internal migrants in Mexico

This paper examines the relationship between adult earnings of internal migrants in Mexico and the level of development of the place where they grew up, to understand whether being born and growing up in a disadvantaged place has any influence on the earnings of adult emigrants. Controlling for self-selection into migration and labour market participation, results suggest that growing up in a disadvantaged place is associated with significantly lower earnings among adults, and that emigrating does not weaken this relationship: migrants who grew up in a poorer place earn significantly less than migrants with similar characteristics but who grew up in a richer place. Results also suggest that growing up in a richer place is associated with higher adult earnings primarily because it increases the human capital of the migrant and of her network, and because it leads to more positive attitudes and beliefs about the future. the covariates of a Mincer well as on a proxying of an interaction term between migration status and at origin, the relationship between development at origin and adult between migrants and natives. find up in a
Hermite and Laguerre semigroups some recent developments

We introduce and study some properties of Hermite, special Hermite and Laguerre semigroups. The image of L under these semigroups are shown to be certain weighted Bergman spaces of entire functions. The reader is expected to have some basic knowledge of Fourier Analysis but otherwise this notes is self-contained.
Uncertainty of outcome and rule changes in European handball

In this article, a new set of rules in professional handball, introduced in July 2016 are discussed. The discussion is aided by a reasonably broad empirical analysis, comparing uncertainty of outcome between European handball and football (soccer). This analysis indicates that European handball, already before the introduction of the new rules, may have had problems with severe lack of uncertainty of outcome. Given this fact, we discuss the new rules, and conclude that they may lead to further increased competitive imbalance (reduced uncertainty of outcome) in handball. Such a conclusion should be of interest for handball officials, especially when the new set of rules, here identified as possibly harmful for uncertainty of outcome, still are under debate.