Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors that affect theory-practice integration of student nurses at a selected campus of a nursing college in the Limpopo Province

The overall purpose of this study was to explore and describe the factors that affect theory-practice integration of student nurses at a selected campus of a nursing college in the Limpopo Province. Quantitative, descriptive, explorative and cross-sectional designs were used to accomplish the objectives of the study. Data collection was done using structured questionnaires with a few open-ended questions. The respondents were student nurses (n=106) and nurse educators (n=9). The findings revealed that failure of biological and natural sciences subjects, the use of traditional teaching strategies, inadequate use of simulation laboratory, inadequate clinical supervision, a shortage of resources, nature of the assessment process, extent of interest in the subject (s) taught, inability to draw clinical experiences during theoretical teaching, overpopulation of student nurses in the clinical area, negative attitude of ward staff and differences between the simulated skills and the actual clinical procedures in the ward affect theory-practice integration. KEY CONCEPTS Theory; practice; integration; discrepancy; evaluation; four-year comprehensive programme; student nurse; nurse educator; nursing education; competent.
Effect of cold and warm compress therapy on tissue temperature in healthy dogs

Objective – To measure the effect of cold and warm compress therapy on tissue temperature in healthy dogs. Design – Controlled, blinded, crossover study Animals – 10 healthy mixed breed dogs Procedures – Dogs were sedated with hydromorphone 0.1 mg/kg IV and diazepam 0.25 mg/kg IV. Thermocouple needles were inserted to 0.5 cm (superficial), 1.0 cm (mid) and 1.5 cm (deep) into a shaved, lumbar, epaxial region to measure tissue temperature. Cold 2° F (-16.8° C) and warm 117°F (47°C) compresses were applied with gravity dependence for periods of 5, 10 and 20 minutes. Control data was collected under identical sedation. Results – Mean temperature significantly decreased after 5 minutes of cold application at only the superficial depth. Application of cold for 10 and 20 minutes significantly reduced the temperature at all depths. Twenty minutes of cold application significantly decreased temperature at only the mid depth compared to 10 minutes of application. Warm compresses significantly increased temperature at all depths after 10 minutes of application. Temperatures associated with 20 minutes of warm application were not significantly different than 10 minutes of application. Conclusions – When utilizing these methods of cold and warm compression, minimum time of application should be 10 minutes. Minimal changes occur by increasing cold application to 20 minutes and no changes occur when increasing heat application to 20 minutes. There is minimal to no change at depths ≥ 1.5 cm when using this method of heat application. Changes in tissue temperature and side effects of application longer than 20 minutes and in the absence of mu agonist opioids require further evaluation.
Introduction of a short writing task to measure and develop academic literacy in first year health undergraduates

This paper describes an initiative in the Faculty of Health at the Queensland University of Technology, Australia, where a short writing task was introduced to first year undergraduates in four courses including Public Health, Nursing, Social Work and Human Services, and Human Movement Studies. Over 1,000 students were involved in the trial. The task was assessed using an adaptation of the MASUS Procedure (Measuring the Academic Skills of University Students) (Webb & Bonanno, 1994). Feedback to the students including MASUS scores then enabled students to be directed to developmental workshops targeting their academic literacy needs. Students who achieved below the benchmark score were required to attend academic writing workshops in order to obtain the same summative 10% that was obtained by those who had achieved above the benchmark score. The trial was very informative, in terms of determining task appropriateness and timing, student feedback, student use of support, and student perceptions of the task and follow-up workshops. What we learned from the trial will be presented with a view to further refinement of this initiative.
Change in physical activity levels and predictors of success in DPP-based community lifestyle intervention efforts

INTRODUCTION: Efficacy trials, including the U.S. Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), demonstrated that lifestyle interventions focusing on increased physical activity (PA) and modest weight loss (WL) can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Based upon knowledge gained from these trials, the DPP lifestyle intervention has been modified for delivery in community settings using the DPP goals of 150 minutes moderate PA per week and 7% WL. Intervention impact on weight change has been frequently described, but reporting of program success related to PA is limited, creating gaps in knowledge regarding the effectiveness of intervention for increasing PA level and on the participant socio-demographic characteristics or external factors, such as season, associated with PA levels. METHODS: The first investigation identifies DPP-translation studies using PubMed and Ovid databases and determines the extent to which studies report PA assessment and outcomes. The second and third investigations report PA results from an NIH-funded study designed to test the feasibility and effectiveness of a DPP-based translation, Group Lifestyle Balance™, delivered in diverse community settings. The investigations utilize PA data collected via the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire and a brief lifestyle questionnaire from 223 participants enrolled in the study. These investigations examine how intervention and season independently impact PA level and the participant baseline characteristics and program adherence markers that predict success in meeting PA and WL goals. RESULTS: A review of the published DPP translation literature identified issues of inconsistent assessment and incomplete reporting of PA results. Examination of PA information from the lifestyle intervention translation study showed the significant independent effects of lifestyle intervention and season on increasing leisure PA and revealed baseline BMI, pre-diabetes status, session attendance, and self-monitoring of PA and diet as predictors of achieving both PA and WL success. PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE: The literature review exposed the need for standardized PA assessment and results reporting in translation research. The original investigations reported in this dissertation advance the understanding of lifestyle intervention effectiveness for increasing PA levels independent of season and provide insight as to the participant characteristics and adherence behaviors that enhance individual success.
Pupils learning mathematics : beliefs and attitudes

This study investigated whether pupils hold personal beliefs and attitudes which could affect their performance in mathematics lessons in such a way as to either facilitate or impede learning. There were four parts to the study which took place over three years. In the first part, personal constructs about all school subjects were elicited from a group of pupils in their first year of comprehensive school. The interviews were recorded and provided background data for the study. One year later, the same pupils were asked to rate eighteen mathematics topics on the constructs of like/dislike; easy/difficult and useful/not useful. The interviews were again recorded and used to develop categories of pupil beliefs. These were used to develop a number of questions which were later put to the same group. Six weeks later the pupils divided into groups of three and took part in videorecorded problem solving sessions. This provided triangulated observational and oral data to corroborate or refute data from other parts of the study. Finally, approximately one year later, each pupil was asked the questions developed from the second interview categories. These were posed in an open ended form and were also used to develop belief categories. These final categories provided the information on which to compare the beliefs of the study group pupils. The basis for comparison was the pupils' mathematical setting and their positions in yearly examinations. Data from across the study were used to provide case studies of three pupils. The main conclusions were that beliefs and attitudes do affect mathematics performance, but that the effect was not the same for high and low settings; that problem solving ability correlated poorly with setting, and that for individuals it was necessary to examine a constellation of beliefs rather than any single ones.
ROLE OF VASCULAR REACTIVITY AND COLLAGEN BIOSYNTHESIS IN THE DEPRESSOR EFFECT OF STREPTOZOTOCIN IN THE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RAT

Diabetes decreases systolic arterial pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Two possible mechanisms, a decrease in vascular collagen biosynthesis and an altered vascular reactivity, were investigated. Collagen biosynthesis, as indicated by prolyl hydroxylase activity, was reduced in the aorta in the diabetic SHR to a greater extent than the diabetic Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY). Prolyl hydroxylase activity was also reduced, but to a lesser extent, in the aorta of food restricted and hypothyroid SHR and WKY rats. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes increased the sensitivity of the mesenteric artery of both strains to methoxamine only. The response of the mesenteric artery of the SHR was increased, though not significantly, to norepinephrine and methoxamine. Therefore, it appears that the depressor effect of STZ in the SHR is not associated with a reduction in vascular reactivity. The results suggest that a reduction in collagen synthesis may play a role in the depressor effect of STZ in the SHR. The reduction in collagen biosynthesis in STZ-induced diabetes may in part be due to the altered nutritional state and a reduction in thyroid hormones associated with diabetes.
88 Psychiatric Considerations in Management of Movement Disorders

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is performed for a variety of movement disorder indications chief among which are Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and dystonia. Other indications include essential tremor, tremor of Multiple Sclerosis and tardive dyskinesia (TD). While the motor outcomes of DBS in these disorders are reviewed in other chapters of this text, this chapter will focus on the psychiatric sequelae of DBS. Areas reviewed will be subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus interna (GPi) targeting for PD and GPi stimulation for dystonia as these indications have been investigated most comprehensively. Treatment of the neuropsychiatric symptoms post DBS will not be covered in this chapter. Some management strategies are offered in Voon et al. [1]
Information et participation de patients dans divers contextes de décision en cancérologie

The aim of this study was to present baseline data on the access to Internet by French breast cancer patients attending genetic clinics and to examine factors affecting Internet health-related use. Twenty-four percent of participants used Internet to obtain information about the disease. This rate was higher among patients with health occupations [adjusted odds ratio (adjOR) 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–5.1], the most highly educated (adjOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.1–4.0) and those under 41 years of age (adjOR 7.3; 95% CI 2.1–26.2). Almost one of every three women was dissatisfied of this source of information.
Differences in Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale Scores in Collaborative and Non-Collaborative West Virginia Pre-K Classrooms located in Child Care Facilities

Differences in Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale Scores in Collaborative and Non-Collaborative West Virginia Pre-K Classrooms located in Child Care Facilities Jessica S. Day Quality of pre-k collaborative and non-collaborative classrooms was investigated for differences in environmental quality between the two types of classrooms. Data was collected through the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources grant titled, “Quality Rating and Improvement for West Virginia Child Care. ” Quality was measured using the Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale-Revised (ECERS-R), which has 43 items across seven subscales: Space and Furnishings, Personal Care Routines, Language-Reasoning, Activities, Interaction, Program Structure, and Parents and Staff. Thirty-six pre-k collaborative programs participated and 136 non-collaborative programs participated in the study. Non-collaborative pre-k classrooms had lower mean scores on all subscales except Personal Care Routines. There were significant differences between the two types of classrooms on three out of the seven subscales: Space and Furnishings, Activities, and Program Structure. There was also a significant difference between collaborative and non-collaborative classrooms based on their overall ECERS-R
Coralline porous hydroxyapatite as a bone graft substitute in orthognathic surgery: 24-month follow-up results.

: A 24-month postsurgical follow-up evaluation was performed on 49 patients (20 males and 29 females; mean age 26 years [range 9 to 52 years]) who had undergone orthognathic surgery in which coralline porous block hydroxyapatite (PBHA) was used as a bone graft substitute. Followup ranged from 23 to 45 months (average 27 months). One surgeon implanted all 215 blocks: 189 blocks to the maxilla, 19 blocks to the mandible, and seven blocks to the midfacial region. Of the 215 implants, 135 were positioned directly adjacent to the maxillary sinus. Nine patients had postsurgical complications: three developed sinusitis, which was treated with antibiotics and decongestants, four had midpalatal implants exposed intraorally during surgery that later required removal, one had a slight displacement of a mandibular implant that has remained in place, and one had an interdental implant exposed that was recontoured and covered with tissue. At the 24-month followup or later, only one of the 49 patients had complications or symptoms associated months postsurgery. These results strongly support the use of coralline PBHA along with bone plate fixation to provide predictable stability in orthognathic surgery.
Pathways to the Baccalaureate: A Longitudinal Study of Sequence Differences by Parents' Education Level

Title of Document: PATHWAYS TO THE BACCALAUREATE: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF SEQUENCE DIFFERENCES BY PARENTS’ EDUCATION LEVEL Rebecca E. Thomas, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Directed By: Robert G. Croninger, Ph.D. Department of Education Policy Studies Sharon L. Fries-Britt, Ph.D. Department of Education Leadership, Higher Education and International Education This study identified and examined 12 postsecondary pathways that students with bachelor’s degree aspirations followed based on the type of first institution enrolled (four-year, two-year, and for-profit), actions while in college (no movement, transfer, stop out, and transfer and stop out), and bachelor’s degree attainment (1=yes) to determine whether pathways and attainment rates differed by parents’ level of education. Movement along the 12 pathways was examined for first-generation (neither parent had any college experience), some-college (at least one parent had college experience, but no bachelor’s degree), and continuing-generation (at least one parent earned a bachelor’s degree) students. This study utilized data from the baseline and first two follow up surveys of the Beginning Postsecondary Survey 1996/2001 (BPS:96/01). Descriptive analyses were used to identify the pathways and to describe the similarities and differences among groups. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether attainment differences existed among groups at four-year and two-year institutions once control variables were considered. At least three conclusions may be drawn from the findings of this research study. First, in accordance with the findings of previous research (Adelman, 1999; 2006; Cabrera, Burkum, & La Nasa, 2005; Carroll, 1989), the results of this study suggest that the type of institution where a student initially enrolls matters. Students who begin their college careers at four-year institutions are more likely to earn a bachelor’s degree. Second, the actions that students exhibit after enrolling also affect their likelihood of bachelor’s degree attainment. Different actions matter more at certain types of institutions. Third, differential consequences existed for students who followed the most successful paths. Even when students followed the routes most closely associated with bachelor’s degree attainment, continuing-generation students earned degrees at significantly higher rates than first-generation students. Path selection does not fully explain differences in bachelor’s degree attainment among groups. These conclusions have implications for future research, policy, and practice. PATHWAYS TO THE BACCALAUREATE: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF SEQUENCE DIFFERENCES BY PARENTS’ EDUCATION LEVEL
Classificação de risco na emergência: avaliação da equipe de enfermagem

Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa cujo objetivo foi conhecer e analisar como os profissionais de enfermagem de um servico de emergencia hospitalar avaliaram o acolhimento com classificacao de risco (ACR). A coleta de dados ocorreu em abril e maio de 2010, atraves de entrevista semi-estruturada, com 13 profissionais de enfermagem (tres enfermeiras e 10 tecnicos em enfermagem), do servico de emergencia de um hospital publico de Santa Catarina. Para o tratamento dos dados, adotou-se o discurso do sujeito coletivo. Dos relatos surgiram dois temas: mudancas no atendimento com a implantacao do ACR e dificuldades para a sua realizacao. Para a analise dos discursos, utilizou-se o ACR, alem das referencias bibliograficas consultadas. O estudo evidenciou que houve melhora no atendimento, porem a falta de referencia e contrarreferencia dificulta a garantia de um atendimento de qualidade aos usuarios e gera insatisfacao dos profissionais de enfermagem. This qualitative, descriptive study aimed to ascertain and examine how nursing personnel in a hospital emergency service evaluate reception with classification of ryisk (RCR). Data were collected in April and May 2010 by semi-structured interview of thirteen nursing personnel at a public hospital emergency service in Santa Catarina, and were treated by collective subject discourse analysis. Two themes emerged from the interviews: changes in care following introduction of RCR and difficulties in providing such care. Discourse analysis was conducted using RCR, in addition to the bibliographical references consulted. The study revealed that care had improved with RCR, but lack of referral and counter-referral made it difficult to ensure a quality service and generate dissatisfaction among nursing personnel. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo cuyo objetivo fue conocer y analizar como los profesionales de enfermeria de un servicio de emergencia hospitalario evaluaron el acogimiento con clasificacion de riesgo (ACR). La recoleccion de datos acaecio en abril y mayo de 2010, por medio de entrevista semiestructurada, con 13 profesionales de enfermeria (tres enfermeros y 10 tecnicos de enfermeria), del servicio de emergencia de un hospital publico de Santa Catarina-Brasil. Para el tratamiento de los datos, se adopto el discurso del sujeto colectivo. De las declaraciones surgieron dos temas: cambios en el atendimiento con la implantacion del ACR y dificultades para su realizacion. Para el analisis de los discursos, se uso el ACR, ademas de las referencias bibliograficas consultadas. El estudio evidencio que hubo mejora en el atendimiento, pero la falta de referencia y contrareferencia dificulta la garantia de un atendimiento de calidad a los usuarios y genera insatisfaccion de los profesionales de enfermeria.
Can routinely collected primary care data determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and predict clinical events in patients with stages 3 of the disease

Introduction Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is common and associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Few studies have assessed the real prevalence of CKD and the predictors of morbidity and mortality in this cohort. Methods Using THIN data, the prevalence of CKD 1-5 was ascertained . This was compared to the prevalence on the practice register using QOF Read codes in 2009. Cox proportional hazard models using routinely collected primary care were used identify predictors of i) all-cause mortality and ii) the composite of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Results The prevalence of CKD 1-5 was 5.01%. Patients with CKD not on the practice register were associated with worse management than those on the practice register. Increasing age and co-morbidity were associated with worse outcomes. Continuous variables such as hypertension, BMI, haemoglobin and cholesterol were associated with an inverse J shaped relationship with log relative hazard ratio. Antihypertensives and lipid lowering drug usage, and non white ethnicity was associated with improved outcomes. Blood thinning agents and diuretics were associated with worse outcomes. Conclusions CKD is common in UK. Many practices mis-label CKD which impacts upon management. Some predictors of mortality and morbidity is different to previous reports and this requires further investigation.
Care giving experiences of older husbands providing care for wives with dementia

As there were few studies of older husbands’ experiences associated with providing care at home for spouses with dementia, the researcher designed a two-stage study to examine their experiences. In stage one, a qualitative paradigm guided one-to-one interviews with sixteen care giver husbands to examine their care giving experiences. Analysis of the interview data guided the identification of four models of care giving related to the past, present, future and an overall model over time. To verify findings in stage one, Chapter Five of the study was sent out to five other older husbands, who were providing care, to comment on the findings. From their comments, the writer felt that there was general agreement that the researcher’s interpretations of the data and derived models reflected husbands’ experiences accurately. In stage two, a comprehensive questionnaire was developed and questionnaire items were identified from multiple sources. In stage two the researcher utilized a quantitative approach to investigate husbands’ experiences. A representative sample of 71 care giver husbands participated by completing the questionnaire and standardized measures of burden and depression along with other measures of husbands’ characteristics and experiences and level of wives’ illness and associated behaviours. The resulting data were analysed using correlational analysis to examine the relationship between the independent variables (questionnaire items, selected standardised measures) and measures of husbands’ burden and depression (dependent variables). Predictive models of care giver burden were care giving seen as a ‘job’, effects of care giving on the husband-wife relationship, and use of avoidant-evasive coping strategies by husbands. The best predictive models of care giver depression were use of avoidant-evasive coping strategies and changes in husbands’ emotional health status related to care giving.