Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Oral and nutritional health status in children attending a school in Cartagena, 2009].

OBJECTIVE Describing the association between the nutritional and oral health status of children attending a school in Cartagena, Colombia. METHOD This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 180 children between aged 5 to 12. Malnutrition was assessed by anthropometric and biochemical tests, a questionnaire was used for ascertaining theirdiets andgingival disease, changes in soft tissues, dental caries, enamel abnormalities and oral hygiene status were measured clinically. Descriptive statistics involved frequency distributions. Disease prevalence was estimated for inferring the results; odds ratios(OR)were used for assessing the strength of association between variables (95 % confidence interval)and the X² test was used determining statistical significance. RESULTS 2 % (0.0-4.4 95 % CI)chronic malnutrition was found. The most prevalent oral diseases were dental caries (82 %;77-88 95 % CI), periodontal disease (66 %;59-73 95 % CI), fluorosis (30 %; 23-37 95 % CI), hypocalcification (11 %; 6-15 95 % CI) and hypoplasia (6 %;3-10 95 % CI). Malnutrition and hypoplasia and the risk of malnutrition andfluorosis had the highest estimates of association (OR=18.5; 2.33-147.2 95 % CI; p=0.000 and OR=2.63;1.02-6.76 95 % CI;p=0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS A direct association between malnutrition and oral pathologies could not be determined;alterationssuch as fluorosis and hypoplasia could be influenced by malnutrition.
Severe inbreeding depression in collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis)

The causes and magnitude of inbreeding depression are of considerable importance for a wide range of issues in evolutionary and conservation biology, but we have only a limited understanding of inbreeding depression in natural populations. Here, we present a study of inbreeding in a large wild population of collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis). Inbreeding was rare, to the extent that we detected only 1.04%of 2139 matings over 18 years that resulted in offspring with a non–zero inbreeding coefficient, f > 0. When it did occur, inbreeding caused a significant reduction in the egg–hatching rate, in fledgling skeletal size and in post–fledging juvenile survival, with the number of offspring being recruited to the breeding population from a nest of f = 0.25 being reduced by 94% relative to a non–inbred nest. A maximum–likelihood estimate of the number of lethal equivalents per gamete was very high at B = 7.47, indicating a substantial genetic load in this population. There was also a non–significant tendency for inbreeding depression to increase with the strength of selection on a trait. The probability of mating between close relatives f = 0.25) increased throughout the breeding season, possibly reflecting increased costs of inbreeding avoidance. Our results illustrate how severe inbreeding depression and considerable genetic load may exist in natural populations, but detecting them may require extensive long–term datasets.
Current Status of Neuromuscular Reversal and Monitoring: Challenges and Opportunities

Postoperative residual neuromuscular block has been recognized as a potential problem for decades, and it remains so today. Traditional pharmacologic antagonists (anticholinesterases) are ineffective in reversing profound and deep levels of neuromuscular block; at the opposite end of the recovery curve close to full recovery, anticholinesterases may induce paradoxical muscle weakness. The new selective relaxant-binding agent sugammadex can reverse any depth of block from aminosteroid (but not benzylisoquinolinium) relaxants; however, the effective dose to be administered should be chosen based on objective monitoring of the depth of neuromuscular block. To guide appropriate perioperative management, neuromuscular function assessment with a peripheral nerve stimulator is mandatory. Although in many settings, subjective (visual and tactile) evaluation of muscle responses is used, such evaluation has had limited success in preventing the occurrence of residual paralysis. Clinical evaluations of return of muscle strength (head lift and grip strength) or respiratory parameters (tidal volume and vital capacity) are equally insensitive at detecting neuromuscular weakness. Objective measurement (a train-of-four ratio greater than 0.90) is the only method to determine appropriate timing of tracheal extubation and ensure normal muscle function and patient safety.
Psychosocial and psychological interventions for treating antenatal depression.

BACKGROUND Although pregnancy was once thought of as a time of emotional wellbeing for many women, conferring 'protection' against psychiatric disorders, a recent meta-analysis of 21 studies suggests the mean prevalence rate for depression across the antenatal period is 10.7%, ranging from 7.4% in the first trimester to a high of 12.8% in the second trimester. Due to maternal treatment preferences and potential concerns about fetal and infant health outcomes, non-pharmacological treatment options are needed. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this review is to assess the effects, on mothers and their families, of psychosocial and psychological interventions compared with usual antepartum care in the treatment of antenatal depression. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (September 2006), the Cochrane Collaboration Depression Anxiety and Neurosis Group's Trials Registers (CCDANCTR-Studies and CCDANCTR-References) (July 2006), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2006, Issue 3), MEDLINE (1966 to July 2006), EMBASE (1980 to July 2006) and CINAHL (1982 to July 2006). We also scanned secondary references and contacted experts in the field to identify other published or unpublished trials. SELECTION CRITERIA All published, unpublished and ongoing randomised controlled trials of preventive psychosocial or psychological interventions in which the primary or secondary aim is to treat antenatal depression. We excluded quasi-randomised trials (for example, those randomised by delivery date, or odd versus even medical record numbers) from the analysis. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS All review authors participated in the evaluation of methodological quality and data extraction. Results are presented using relative risk for categorical data and weighted mean difference for continuous data. MAIN RESULTS One US trial was included in this review, incorporating 38 outpatient antenatal women who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-IV criteria for major depression. Interpersonal psychotherapy, compared to a parenting education program, was associated with a reduction in the risk of depressive symptomatology immediately post-treatment using the Clinical Global Impression Scale (one trial, n = 38; relative risk (RR) 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26 to 0.83) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (one trial, n = 38; RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.03). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence is inconclusive to allow us to make any recommendations for interpersonal psychotherapy for the treatment of antenatal depression. The one trial included was too small, with a non-generalisable sample, to make any recommendations.
Assessing the influence of packet loss and frame freezes on the perceptual quality of full length movies

Since the introduction of digital television, new services such as Video on Demand and IPTV have been widely deployed. These new enhanced video services are usually delivered via streaming technologies over IP-based networks to set-top boxes (STB). Unfortunately, such networks are commonly referred to as packet-based best-effort networks that cannot guarantee the correct delivery of the transmitted data. As such, network impairments like packet loss can cause severe visual degradations during video playback. Current existing methodologies for the subjective quality assessment of video sequences pose tight restrictions on viewing conditions and experiment duration. As a consequence, these methodologies cannot be used for the quality assessment of full length movies in real-life conditions. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed and used to evaluate the influence of packet loss and frame freezes on the perceived visual quality of full length movies.
Environmental, Social and Governance and the Efficiency of Government-linked Companies in Malaysia

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) are non-financial performance indicators that help determine financial performance. This study, motivated by the increasing awareness of various stakeholders about the importance of ESG disclosure, explores the impacts of ESG on firm efficiency of government-linked companies (GLCs) in Malaysia from 2006 to 2012. The ESG disclosure is based on the Sustainalytics ESG Research data available in Bloomberg while data development analysis (DEA) is used to estimate firm efficiency. This study found that GLCs focused more on governance disclosures, followed by social and environmental aspects. Governance improved firm efficiency, but social and environmental factors had no similar effects. In conclusion, this study provided insight on ESG initiatives which are useful for stakeholders when making financial and investment decisions.
Anti‐anti‐idiotypic (Ab3) antibodies that bind progesterone‐11α–bovine serum albumin differ in their combining sites from antibodies raised directly against the antigen

Polyclonal rabbit anti-idiotypic (Ab2) antibodies raised against the antiprogesterone mAb DB3 (Ab1) were used to induce an Ab3 antiprogesterone response in BALB/c mice. While the affinity of Ab3 sera for progesterone was 10-50-times lower than that of DB3, their steroid-binding specificity showed considerable similarity to DB3. Two immunoglobulin M (IgM) Ab3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 1A4 and 3B11, were obtained, both of which bound progesterone conjugated to bovine serum albumin (progesterone-BSA). 1A4 also bound free progesterone, although with low affinity and very broad cross-reactivity. Like DB3, 1A4 is encoded by a heavy-chain variable region (VH) gene segment from the small VGAM3.8 family, a restriction that is characteristic of antibodies raised against progesterone-11alpha-BSA. In contrast, 3B11 binds progesterone-11alpha-BSA but not free progesterone and is encoded by an unrelated VH gene from the J558 family. The light chain variable region (VL) of 1A4 lacks the intradomain disulphide bridge owing to replacement of CysL23 by Tyr. Both the 1A4 and 3B11 heavy chains have extremely short complementarity determining region (CDR) H3 loops, comprising three and four amino acids, respectively. Modelling of the combining site of 1A4 from the X-ray crystallographic structure of DB3 indicates that the short H3 loop is a major factor in the loss of affinity and specificity for steroid.
Do Financing Expectations Affect Firm Performance

The practice of firms' issuance of securities has been hypothesized in prior studies to be an adjustment toward optimal capital structure, a signal of true firm value in the presence of information asymmetry, or an attempt to take advantage of higher valuations through market timing. Employing both firms that issue securities and those that do nothing, exploiting transactions-level issuance data and empirical modeling techniques developed for asset-pricing applications, we develop empirical models of the probability of firms' security issuance, given the history of the firm and its characteristics. We classify firms based on these financing expectations, for instance labeling firms with high ex ante probability of issuing equity, equity-type firms, and those with high ex ante probability of issuing debt, debt-type firms. The paper then examines the impact of ex ante financing expectations on the announcement effect, long-run stock performance, and long-run operating performance, subsequent to any security issue. The unique contribution of our paper is that we show, irrespective of the security issued, the announcement effect, the long-run stock market performance, and the long-run operating performance differ across firms with different financing expectations; equity-type firms have much stronger negative average announcement returns when issuing equity than debt-type firms and stronger positive announcement effect returns when issuing debt, again relative to debt-type firms; issuing equity does precede long run under-performance for both equity and debt-type firms but this under-performance is far worse for equity-type firms; issuing debt by equity-type firms, in spite of the positive announcement effect, is followed by a long-run under-performance, though this under-performance is much less than that experienced by equity-type firms issuing equity, more comparable to that experienced debt-type firms issuing equity. Similar results also hold for the long-run operating performance following equity and debt issues. We also show that firms that engage in "pure market timing" have significantly stronger run-up in stock prices prior to equity issuance, however their long-run stock performance following equity issuance is significantly better (less negative) than non market-timers that issue equity.
Survey of recent advances in 3D visual attention for robotics

3D visual attention plays an important role in both human and robotics perception that yet has to be explored in full detail. However, the majority of computer vision and robotics methods are concerned only with 2D visual attention. This survey presents findings and approaches that cover 3D visual attention in both human and robot vision, summarizing the last 30 years of research and also looking beyond computational methods. First, we present work in such fields as biological vision and neurophysiology, studying 3D attention in human observers. This provides a view of the role attention plays at the system level for biological vision. Then, we cover computer and robot vision approaches that take 3D visual attention into account. We compare approaches with respect to different categories, such as feature-based, data-based, or depth-based visual attention, and draw conclusions on what advances will help robotics to cope better with complex real-world settings and tasks.
Reply: Clinical outcomes following selection of human preimplantation embryos with time-lapse monitoring: a systematic review.

morphokinetics as a predictor of embryo implantation. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:2658–2671. Meseguer M, Rubio I, Cruz M, Basile N, Marcos J, Requena A. Embryo incubation and selection in a time-lapse monitoring system improves pregnancyoutcome compared with a standard incubator: a retrospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:1481–1489. Ottosen LD, Hindkjaer J, Ingerslev J. Light exposure of the ovum and preimplantation embryo during ART procedures. J Assist Reprod Genet 2007;24:99–103. Rubio I, Kuhlmann R, Agerholm I, Kirk J, Herrero J, Escribá MJ, Bellver J, Meseguer M. Limited implantation success of direct-cleaved human zygotes: a time-lapse study. Fertil Steril 2012;98:1458–1463. Rubio I, Galan A, Larreategui Z, Ayerdi F, Bellver J, Herrero J, Meseguer M. Clinical validation of embryo culture and selection by morphokinetic analysis: a randomized controlled trial by time-lapse imaging. Fertil Steril 2014. doi:10.1016/ j.fertnstert. 2014.07. 738. Ubaldi F, Anniballo R, Romano S, Baroni E, Albricci L, Colamaria S, Capalbo A, Sapienza F, Vajta G, Rienzi L. Cumulative ongoing pregnancy rate achieved with oocyte vitrification and cleavage stage transfer without embryo selection in a standard infertility program. Hum Reprod 2010;25:1199–1205.
Site and extent of apparent magnesium and calcium absorption in steers fed monensin.

Eight crossbred steers (avg wt, 350 kg) with duodenal and ileal cannulas were used in two experimental periods in a single-reversal design to determine the effects of monensin on site and extent of apparent absorption of Mg and Ca. Steers were fed a cottonseed hull:concentrate diet (30:70) with or without 25 mg monensin/kg. The diet contained . 20% Mg and . 38% Ca. Each diet contained . 25% Cr2O3 as a digesta marker. During each period, steers were fed the control diet for 10 d before allotment to treatments. Each period consisted of 17 d for diet adjustment and 6 d for collection. During the collection phase, fecal samples were obtained beginning on d 1 and continuing through d 6 at 12-h intervals progressing 2 h each day. Apparent Mg availability (grams apparently absorbed expressed as a percentage of grams of intake) increased (P less than .05) from 18.4 to 32.5% when monensin was fed. Feeding monensin increased (P less than .05) the apparent Mg availability and amount of Mg absorbed in the preintestinal region (47.7 vs 29.8% and 8.5 vs 5.1 g/d, respectively). Larger quantities (P less than .05) of Mg were secreted into the small intestine when monensin was fed. Monensin did not alter (P less than .05) apparent Ca availability or absorption in any segment of the digestive tract. These data indicate that monensin increased Mg and did not change Ca availability in the preintestinal region.
Quintero interconnections between cortical and other structures involved in modulation of pain Descending pathways

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Journal of Pain Research 2013:6 713–725 Journal of Pain Research Dovepress
Living with Lions: Lessons from Laikipia

Lion numbers are in steep decline in Africa. Lions have been eliminated from agricultural areas, and pastoralists have lost tolerance for predators; ready availability of cheap and effective poison poses a critical threat to their survival in Kenya outside of the largest national parks. However, lions still thrive on the commercial ranchlands of Laikipia District, where landowners use traditional low-cost African methods of livestock husbandry to effectively protect domestic stock from predators. Thus, Laikipia has been an ideal laboratory in which to investigate the ecology of predators living in human-dominated landscapes and factors in management of both livestock and lions which allow coexistence between them. Although socioeconomically unrepresentative of most African rangelands, the Laikipia experience shows that it is easy to raise livestock in the presence of viable populations of large carnivores if people have incentive and motivation to take basic, traditional measures to keep them apart. The current lack of financial incentives for rural Kenyans to tolerate wildlife, however, may limit the usefulness of the Laikipia model to privately owned lands.
In the Game of Love, Play by the Rules: Implications of Relationship Rule Consensus over Honesty and Deception in Romantic Relationships

The purpose of this study is to investigate the implications of relationship rule consensus over the meanings of honesty and deception in romantic relationships. Relationship rules are implicit understandings developed over time that guide individuals’ behavior in relationships, but they are often ambiguous and unspoken. Honesty and deception rules are particularly vulnerable to different interpretations given that honesty is held to such high esteem, yet deception is common in relationships. Since deception becomes a salient source of conflict when discovered, coordination of these rules should be linked to relational quality. In part one of the study, in-depth interviews helped identify what rules individuals supported in their relationships, which were incorporated into a survey taken by couples in part two. The survey assessed direct and meta-perspectives on the rules, as well as conflict and satisfaction. The results supported many of the findings from previous interpersonal perception studies: couples perceived agreement more than they agreed on the rules, and they agreed to a greater extent than they understood one another’s perspectives. Additionally, perceived agreement, agreement, and understanding were all linked to relational quality (i.e., higher satisfaction and lower conflict). A unique finding was that when rules were categorized as either rigid (absolute) or flexible (contingent), the rigid rules were both endorsed more in relationships and linked to conflict to a greater extent than the flexible rules. HONESTY & DECEPTION RELATIONSHIP RULES
Ultra-triathlon-related blood-chemical and endocrinological responses in nine athletes.

BACKGROUND Objective of this study was to get more insight in hematology, biochemistry, and endocrinology of ultra-endurance exercise, to improve knowledge in this field, supplementation, and medical care of affected athletes. METHODS A large body of individual hematological, biochemical, and endocrinological parameters was analyzed in the blood taken from ultra-athletes before and after completing the 1993 Colmar ultra triathlon covering 7.5 km swimming, 360 km cycling, and approximately 85 km running. PARTICIPANTS Nine experienced ultra-athletes participated in the study. A follow-up was not possible since the athletes left Colmar within 24 hrs after the contest. RESULTS The athletes finished the ultra-contest at rankings 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 18, 22, 23 in a total time between 23:38:53 and 27:54:30 hr:min:sec. Their final body mass (68.6 +/- 1 kg) was significantly lower than at baseline (71.9 +/- 4.2 kg). Non of the athletes made use of medical care. Data after this contest reflect mild hyponatremia, intravascular hemolysis, increased triglyceride turnover, acute-phase reaction, hyperaldosteronemia 2061 +/- 1013 pmol.L-1), hypercortisolemia 971 +/- 486 nmol.L-1), hyper-growth-hormonemia (median 6.8 ng.ml-1), hypoinsulinemia, hypo-free-testosteronemia (42 +/- 17 pmol.L-1), protein catabolism, depressed testicular function, oliguria, and muscle cell leakage. CONCLUSIONS In our opinion, data presented do not reflect any acute health risks in healthy athletes who are well prepared and carefully supplied during such a contest.
Do Large European Banks Benefit from Sound Corporate Governance in Good and Bad Times?

This paper aims to investigate the effect that internal corporate governance mechanisms have on the performance of commercial banks, how it differs for developed and emerging European markets, and whether it has changed as a result of the financial crisis. The key statistical tool used in the paper is the panel data analysis of the sample of 150 banks from 27 countries, over the period 2004-2011. We document the evidence partially supporting the effectiveness of smaller boards of directors, while the board independence seems to be negatively associated with the strategic performance of banks, especially in emerging markets and in times of a crisis. In emerging markets, state-owned banks appear to be more market-efficient, while high ownership concentration is considered by market players to be a negative signal. Studying the 2008 financial crisis period provides the evidence for structural movements in nonfinancial performance drivers.