Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DOA estimation based on combined ESPRIT for co-prime array

The issue of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for co-prime array is studied, and an method based on combined estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) is proposed. ESPRIT is employed to obtain an ambiguous estimation, which then can be used to recover all the other estimations. Then the DOA estimation can be uniquely determined by finding the coincide estimations from the two subarrays. Compared to combined multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method, the proposed algorithm can achieve better estimation performance with much lower complexity. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
A supramolecular complex in the environmental stress signalling pathway of Bacillus subtilis

σB, an alternative sigma‐factor of Bacillus subtilis, mediates the response of the cell to a variety of physical insults. Within the environmental stress signalling pathway RsbU, a protein phosphatase, is stimulated by its interaction with the protein kinase RsbT. In the absence of stress RsbT is expected to be trapped by an alternative binding partner, RsbS. Here, we have demonstrated that RsbS alone cannot act as an alternative partner for RsbT, but instead requires the presence of RsbR to create a high molecular mass RsbR:RsbS complex (∼ 1 MDa) able to capture RsbT. In this complex the phosphorylation state of RsbS, and not that of RsbR, controlled the binding to RsbT, whose kinase activity towards RsbS could be counterbalanced by the activity of RsbX, the phosphatase for RsbS‐P. The RsbR:RsbS complex recruited RsbT from a mixture of RsbT and RsbU. The phosphorylated form of RsbR in the complex enhanced the kinase activity of RsbT towards RsbS. This supramolecular complex thus has the functional properties of an alternative partner for RsbT. Electron micrographs of this complex are presented, and the purification of the RsbR:RsbS complex from cellular extracts provides evidence for the existence of such a complex in vivo.
Guided Gradual Egg-Tolerance Induction in Hen's Egg Allergic Children Tolerating Baked Egg: A Prospective Randomized Trial

Background Over the last few years, studies have shown that the majority of egg allergic children tolerate baked egg (e.g., cake), and that consuming baked egg accelerates the resolution of egg allergy. However, few prospective studies demonstrate the step-wise reintroduction of egg at home after developing baked egg tolerance. Although this could have a positive impact on the children's quality of life and nutrition. Additionally, research supporting the theoretical concept that heating in the presence or absence of wheat causes reduced allergenicity of egg proteins is limited. Objective To investigate the clinically most favorable duration of gradual egg-tolerance induction in baked egg tolerant children at home, with regard to complete raw egg tolerance. Methods Baked egg tolerant children above 12 months of age were randomly assigned to a short- or long arm protocol. In the short arm, egg-tolerance induction was studied over 18 months compared to 30 months in the long arm. Children were guided through this protocol involving the step-wise introduction of increasingly allergenic forms of egg starting with baked egg offered as cake, followed by hard-boiled egg, omelet/waffle/pancake, soft-boiled egg, and finally raw egg. We hereby designed this protocol based on the influence of thermal processing in the presence or absence of wheat on egg proteins, as investigated by ELISA, SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting. At inclusion, children either passed an in-hospital cake challenge or had ovomucoid sIgE ≤1.2 kUA/L, which was considered safe for introduction at home. Results Gel electrophoresis revealed that the ovalbumin band became weaker with heating, while the ovomucoid band remained stable. In accordance, the IgE-binding to ovalbumin decreased with extensive heating, as opposed to ovomucoid. However, heating in the presence of wheat led to a decreased IgE reactivity to ovomucoid. Of the 78 children in the intention-to-treat group, 39 were randomized to each arm. Fifty-eight children reached the raw egg tolerance endpoint, of which 80% were in the short arm and 69% in the long arm. Within the short arm, the median time to raw egg tolerance was 24 months (95% CI, 21–27 months) compared to 30 months (95% CI, 28–32 months) in the long arm (p = 0.005). No grade IV reactions or cases of eosinophilic esophagitis were observed. The short arm was considered to be non-inferior to the long arm. Conclusion Our gradual short arm protocol appears to be safe and allows clinicians to guide baked egg tolerant children toward raw egg tolerance at home. The allergenicity of the egg proteins was affected by heating temperature and duration, as well as the presence of wheat. Graphical Abstract
Lack of efficacy of liposomal glucantime in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis

1. Rich P, Scher RK. Nail psoriasis severity index: A useful tool for evaluation of nail psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;49:206-12. 2. Tan ES, Chong WS, Tey HL. Nail psoriasis: A review. Am J Clin Dermatol 2012;13:375-88. 3. Rigopoulos D, Ioannides D, Prastitis N, Katsambas A. Nail psoriasis: A combined treatment using calcipotriol cream and clobetasol propionate cream. Acta Derm Venereol 2002;82:140. 4. Tosti A, Piraccini BM, Cameli N, Kokely F, Plozzer C, Cannata GE, et al. Calcipotriol ointment in nail psoriasis: A controlled double-blind comparison with betamethasone dipropionate and salicylic acid. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:655-9. 5. Rigopoulos D, Gregoriou S, Daniel Iii CR, Belyayeva H, Larios G, Verra P, et al. Treatment of nail psoriasis with a two-compound formulation of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate ointment. Dermatology 2009;218:338-41.
Mothers\' learning needs assessment regarding pneumonia among children less than five years at Saudi Arabia

A large number of children suffering from pneumonia fail to reach health facilities well in the appropriate time because their mothers fail to recognize seriousness of their illness. Early recognition of symptoms of pneumonia by mothers and their participation in effective case management of pneumonia may reduce childhood mortality. This study assesses mothers learning needs regarding pneumonia among children less than five years. A descriptive study were conducted on 160 mothers with their children under five years of age attending Al-Mosheir hospital in Sakaka city Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using interview questionnaire covering Sociodemographic criteria of the mothers and multiple questions that cover mothers knowledge and perception about pneumonia. It was found that more than half (51.1%) of mothers who had children suffer from pneumonia their age were between 20-29 years. 75% of mothers have good level of knowledge and (94.1%) of their children have got pneumonia as well as (64.3%) of mothers have fair level of perception and (97.1%) of their children have got pneumonia. There was a significant association between level of mothers knowledge perception and occurrence of pneumonia among their children this study concluded that mothers have good knowledge and fair perception regarding pneumonia among their children attending hospital. Inspit of this the recurrence of pneumonia among children was noticeable especially with young age mothers.
The ecological validity of the autonomic-subjective response dissociation in repressive coping

Background and Objectives: Repressive coping has been associated with elevated cardiovascular reactivity and diminished self-reported negative affect (so-called autonomic-subjective response dissociation, ASRD) in response to laboratory stressors. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the ecological validity of this response pattern. Design: An ambulatory assessment strategy was applied in order to analyze associations between ASRD and repressive coping throughout a day. Methods: A sample of 114 individuals was recruited. Heart rate was recorded via ECG and subjective reports of negative affect as well as the experience of demand and control (as indicators of stress) and situational characteristics were assessed several times a day via mobile electronic devices. Results: Repressive coping relative to other coping dispositions was accompanied by elevated ASRD during stressful episodes in daily life, thus supporting previous laboratory research. Conclusions: The findings suggest that repressive coping is associated with a discrepancy between subjective reports of negative affect and autonomic responding to stressful encounters in everyday life, which might impact health.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in ibadan, southwest Nigeria.

BACKGROUND Performing laparoscopic surgery in developing countries is challenging due to limited funds and instrumentation. Open cholecystectomy for the management of gallbladder pathologies is still rife in low income countries. The low incidence of post- operative morbidity and early return to activities of daily living makes laparoscopic surgery increasingly desirable. This retrospective study reviews the outcomes and challenges of laparoscopic cholecystectomies done over a two year period in a developing country. METHODS We reviewed the records of all patients who consented to laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Department of Surgery, University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan between June 2011 and June 2013. RESULT Of the 77 patients requiring gallbladder surgery during the study period 42 (54.5%) patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Most patients were middle aged with a mean duration of symptoms of 20 months. None of the patients required biliary exploration. The most frequent operative complication was port site infection in 7 patients (14.3%). The average hospital stay was 2.7 days and most 27 (64%) patients were followed up at the outpatients department for over 6 months post- surgery with no identifiable morbidity. There were three conversions to open cholecystectomy. CONCLUSIONS Despite the small number of patients in this study, laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be practiced with good outcome even in a limited resource setting.
Beyond decoding: adults with dyslexia have trouble forming unified lexical representations across pseudoword learning episodes.

PURPOSE To examine how adults with dyslexia versus adults with typical reading form lexical representations during pseudoword learning. METHOD Twenty adults with dyslexia and 20 adults with typical reading learned meanings, spellings, and pronunciations of 16 pictured pseudowords, (half with regular and half with irregular grapheme-phoneme correspondences) presented first in 1 modality (spoken or written) and then the 2nd modality. Dependent measures included picture naming and identification, episodic recognition, a rhyme task, and a categorization task. RESULTS Adults with dyslexia learned pseudowords more slowly than those with typical reading and were disproportionately poor in learning irregularly spelled pseudowords after changing from written to spoken modality. Adults with dyslexia recognized fewer pseudoword forms than adults with typical reading and verified fewer pseudoword rhymes. Adults with typical reading were more accurate with categorizing regular versus irregular pseudowords. Adults with dyslexia did not show this regularity advantage. CONCLUSIONS Adults with dyslexia, compared with adults with typical reading, failed to (a) encode and retrieve detailed information about pseudoword forms, (b) efficiently form cross-modal associations between written and spoken encounters with pseudowords, and (c) effectively modify their representations following the change in modality. The authors discuss implications relative to common theories of dyslexia.
Bariatric Surgery versus Intensive Medical Therapy for Diabetes — 5‐Year Outcomes

BACKGROUND Long‐term results from randomized, controlled trials that compare medical therapy with surgical therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes are limited. METHODS We assessed outcomes 5 years after 150 patients who had type 2 diabetes and a body‐mass index (BMI; the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 27 to 43 were randomly assigned to receive intensive medical therapy alone or intensive medical therapy plus Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy. The primary outcome was a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.0% or less with or without the use of diabetes medications. RESULTS Of the 150 patients who underwent randomization, 1 patient died during the 5‐year follow‐up period; 134 of the remaining 149 patients (90%) completed 5 years of follow‐up. At baseline, the mean (±SD) age of the 134 patients was 49±8 years, 66% were women, the mean glycated hemoglobin level was 9.2±1.5%, and the mean BMI was 37±3.5. At 5 years, the criterion for the primary end point was met by 2 of 38 patients (5%) who received medical therapy alone, as compared with 14 of 49 patients (29%) who underwent gastric bypass (unadjusted P=0.01, adjusted P=0.03, P=0.08 in the intention‐to‐treat analysis) and 11 of 47 patients (23%) who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (unadjusted P=0.03, adjusted P=0.07, P=0.17 in the intention‐to‐treat analysis). Patients who underwent surgical procedures had a greater mean percentage reduction from baseline in glycated hemoglobin level than did patients who received medical therapy alone (2.1% vs. 0.3%, P=0.003). At 5 years, changes from baseline observed in the gastric‐bypass and sleeve‐gastrectomy groups were superior to the changes seen in the medical‐therapy group with respect to body weight (‐23%, ‐19%, and ‐5% in the gastric‐bypass, sleeve‐gastrectomy, and medical‐therapy groups, respectively), triglyceride level (‐40%, ‐29%, and ‐8%), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level (32%, 30%, and 7%), use of insulin (‐35%, ‐34%, and ‐13%), and quality‐of‐life measures (general health score increases of 17, 16, and 0.3; scores on the RAND 36‐Item Health Survey ranged from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health) (P<0.05 for all comparisons). No major late surgical complications were reported except for one reoperation. CONCLUSIONS Five‐year outcome data showed that, among patients with type 2 diabetes and a BMI of 27 to 43, bariatric surgery plus intensive medical therapy was more effective than intensive medical therapy alone in decreasing, or in some cases resolving, hyperglycemia. (Funded by Ethicon Endo‐Surgery and others; STAMPEDE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00432809.)
GASTRO‐OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX AND FEEDING PROBLEMS AFTER GASTROSTOMY IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE NEUROLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT

This study evaluated the effect of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) on the feeding problems and gastro‐oesophageal reflux (GOR) of 30 consecutive children with severe neurological impairment who had PHG between October 1990 and March 1993. Evaluation was by questionnaire, clinical history, examination. 24‐hour oesophageal pH monitoring and endoscopy. Gastrostomy placement significantly reduced feeding time, feed‐related choking episodes and frequency of chest infections. Family stress was significantly reduced in two‐thirds of cases. Significant weight‐gain occurred. The clinical severity of GOR was significantly increased in eight patients and fundoplication was required in five. 24‐hour oesophageal pH measurements before PEG did not reliably predict subsequently increased GOR. Seven patients died, but their deaths were apparently unrelated to GOR. PEG effectively provides nutrition, improves feed‐related stresses, but may exacerbate GOR.
Correlation of androgen receptor status, neuroendocrine differentiation and angiogenesis with time-to-biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy in clinically localized prostate cancer.

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic value of the immunohistochemical detection of the androgen receptor (AR) status, the chromogranin A assessment of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) and the CD34 assessment of microvessel density (MVD) with time-to-biochemical failure among surgically treated patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Surgical specimens from 130 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, treated with radical prostatectomy, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry on paraffin tissue sections. Full-length follow-up records were available for 94 patients. RESULTS Biochemical failure was observed in 37% of these patients. A statistically significant inverse relationship was observed between AR status and: (i) seminal vesicle invasion and (ii) surgical margin infiltration. Positive association was also detected between NED and: (i) Gleason's score, (ii) extracapsular extension, (iii) seminal vesicle invasion, (iv) surgical margin infiltration and (v) tumour volume. In addition, MVD was related to: (i) Gleason score, (ii) extracapsular extension, (iii) seminal vesicle invasion, (iv) pelvic lymph node metastasis and (v) tumour volume. Kaplan-Meier survival curves confirmed that Gleason score, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, pelvic lymph node metastasis, tumour volume, NED, MVD and coexistence of increased NED and MVD may be potential biochemical failure predictors. However, in the multivariate analysis, MVD was the only independent prognostic factor for biochemical failure. CONCLUSION A high MVD index can estimate the risk for biochemical failure in clinically localized prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.
Mental health treatment patterns among adults with recent suicide attempts in the United States.

OBJECTIVES We examined mental health treatment patterns among adults with suicide attempts in the past 12 months in the United States. METHODS We examined data from 2000 persons, aged 18 years or older, who participated in the 2008 to 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health and who reported attempting suicide in the past 12 months. We applied descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS In adults who attempted suicide in the past year, 56.3% received mental health treatment, but half of those who received treatment perceived unmet treatment needs, and of the 43.0% who did not receive mental health treatment, one fourth perceived unmet treatment needs. From 2008 to 2012, the mental health treatment rate among suicide attempters remained unchanged. Factors associated with receipt of mental health treatment varied by perceived unmet treatment need and receipt of medical attention that resulted from a suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS Suicide prevention strategies that focus on suicide attempters are needed to increase their access to mental health treatments that meet their needs. To be effective, these strategies need to account for language and cultural differences and barriers to financial and treatment delivery.
INFLUENCE OF STRATEGIC INNOVATION ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA: THE CASE OF KENYA COMMERCIAL BANK

The current business environment is dynamic, turbulent and unpredictable. The success of business in such environment is dependent on its adaptability to respond to environmental change. Strategic innovation is a strategic tool that can be used to align the firm’s resources and capabilities with opportunities in the external environment in order to enhance survival and long term success of the organization. The cut throat competition in the banking sector coupled with the reduced government borrowing from the industry has affected the performance of the banks in Kenya. To therefore remain aboard amid tight regulation, competition and increased international surveillance, banking industry has to embrace innovation as a lever to sustainable performance . This study aimed at finding the relationship between strategic innovation and performance of Commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the nature of various strategic innovations such as; new product development, cost reduction, differentiation, quality improvement, increased sales and entrance into new markets in the banking sector and determine the influence of strategic innovations on the performance. This was a case study where only one organization was involved in the study, Kenya Commercial Bank. The target population was 170 managers of 59 branches in Nairobi County. The sample size was 119 respondents out of the possible 170 managers in Nairobi County branches of KCB. The sample included top level managers, middle level managers and low level managers involved in formulating and implementing strategy at the branch level. The researcher adopted descriptive research design. Data establishing the relationship was obtained from both the primary and secondary sources. Primary data was obtained with the use of structured questionnaires while the secondary data was obtained from the financial statements of the bank to determine the performance in terms of return on equity, return on assets and profitability. Regression analysis was performed to ascertain the validity of the data and to test reliability of the data, content analysis was performed based on information from the published financials information of KCB. Before processing the responses, the filled questionnaires were edited for completeness and consistency.Data was analyzed using multiple hierarchical regression model
The vascular effects of different arginase inhibitors in rat isolated aorta and mesenteric arteries

Background and purpose: Arginase and nitric oxide (NO) synthase share the common substrate L‐arginine, and arginase inhibition is proposed to increase NO production by increasing intracellular levels of L‐arginine. Many different inhibitors are used, and here we have examined the effects of these inhibitors on vascular tissue.
Ocular manifestations of mercury poisoning.

One hundred patients suffering from organomercury poisoning who were hospitalized in the Medical City, University of Baghdad, were examined ophthalmologically in the period between March and December 1972, and were reviewed again about 10 months later.The examination included clinical signs and symptoms, slit lamp examination of the anterior segment of the eyes, examination for visual field changes and, in the autopsied cases, analysis of the optic nerve and the occipital cortex. In addition, aqueous humour was aspirated in 10 patients and in 10 controls for the estimation of the mercury level.
Co-employment of permanently and temporarily employed agents

One-shot interaction and repeated interaction often co-exist in the real world. We study possible behavioral effects of this co-existence in a principal-agent setting, in which a principal simultaneously employs a permanent and a temporary agent. Our experimental results indicate that there is "discrimination" between the two agents and that the available information for agents determines the extent of this discrimination, even though the theoretical solution of the game implies equal treatment of agents. Discrimination is, thus, a consequence of reciprocity. Agents that are discriminated against react negatively by withholding effort.