Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Decade of Movement Ecology

Movement is fundamental to life, shaping population dynamics, biodiversity patterns, and ecosystem structure. Recent advances in tracking technology have enabled fundamental questions about movement to be tackled, leading to the development of the movement ecology framework (MEF), considered a milestone in the field [1]. The MEF introduced an integrative theory of organismal movement, linking internal state, motion capacity and navigation capacity to external factors. Here, a decade later, we investigated the current state of research in the field. Using a text mining approach on >8000 peer-reviewed papers in movement ecology, we explored the main research topics, evaluated the impact of the MEF, and assessed changes in the use of technological devices, software and statistical methods. The number of publications has increased considerably and there have been major technological changes in the past decade (i.e.~increased use of GPS devices, accelerometers and video cameras, and a convergence towards R), yet we found that research focuses on the same questions, specifically, on the effect of environmental factors on movement and behavior. In practice, it appears that movement ecology research does not reflect the MEF. We call on researchers to transform the field from technology-driven to embrace interdisciplinary collaboration, in order to reveal key processes underlying movement (e.g.~navigation), as well as evolutionary, physiological and life-history consequences of particular strategies.
Children's Facial Responsiveness to Odors: Influences of Hedonic Valence of Odor, Gender, Age, and Social Presence

Facial responsiveness to pleasant and unpleasant odors was examined in 5- to 12 year-old children in either an alone condition ( AC ) or a social presence condition (SPC). The children failed to display reflex-like patterns, but they exhibited facial configurations that varied according to the odor valence and the social condition. Girls evinced more smiles than did boys, but this sex difference was significant only in response to unpleasant odors in the SPC. Furthermore, untrained observers were able to accurately identify the children's facial responses to unpleasant odors in the AC only and to pleasant odors in the SPC only. These findings (a) suggest that facial responsiveness to odors is flexible and able to reorganize when display rules operate and (b) support the emotional and communicative functions of human facial behavior.
Job search strategies and underemployment in recent graduates first jobs in Spain

espanolEste trabajo estima el efecto de diferentes estrategias en la busqueda de empleo sobre el subempleo (medido como sobreeducacion, infrautilizacion de los conocimientos y habilidades adquiridos durante la carrera y desajuste en el area de estudio) de los recien titulados universitarios en Espana, a partir de la Encuesta de Insercion Laboral de los Titulados Universitarios 2014. Los resultados muestran que las estrategias de busqueda de empleo respaldadas institucionalmente a traves de los servicios publicos de empleo o de las universidades, asi como continuar con las practicas en empresas realizadas durante la carrera, reducen el riesgo de subempleo en el primer empleo. Del mismo modo, ser contactado por el empleador, presumiblemente a traves de la universidad, tambien esta relacionado con un mejor ajuste. El uso de agencias de trabajo temporal esta relacionado con los peores resultados. Buscar el primer empleo a traves de anuncios en el periodico o internet, asi como contactar con el empleador por iniciativa propia o utilizar contactos personales como familiares o amigos aumenta el riesgo de subempleo EnglishIn this paper the impact of different job search strategies on underemployment (measured as overeducation, skills/knowledge underutilization and mismatch in the field of education) in Spanish recent graduates is estimated on a sample of recent graduates drawn from the University Graduate Job Placement Survey 2014. Our results show the advantages of institutionally supported job search strategies through public employment services or university career services as well as internship programmes over individual-driven strategies, both formal and informal. Similarly, being contacted by the employer –presumably through university career services– are also related to better job match. The use of temporary work agencies is related to the worst outcomes. Reviewing ads in the media and on-line as well as contacting employers –either directly or using informal networks– are also related with higher underemployment risks.
Is Human Capital the Sixth Factor? Evidence from US Data

Problem/Relevance: Measuring the risk of an asset and the economic forces driving the price of the risk is a challengingtask that preoccupied the asset pricing literature for decades. However, there exists no consensus on the integrated asset pricing framework among the financial economists in the contemporaneous asset pricing literature. Thus, we consider and study this research problem that has greater relevance in pricing the risks of an asset. In this backdrop, we develop an integrated equilibrium asset pricing model in an intertemporal (ICAPM) framework. Research Objective/Questions: Broadly we have two research objectives. First, we examine the joint dynamics of the human capital component and common factors in approximating the variation in asset return predictability. Second, we test whether the human capital component is the unaccounted and the sixth pricing factor of FF five-factor asset pricing model. Additionally, we assess the economic and statistical significance of the equilibrium six-factor asset pricing model. Methodology: The human capital component, market portfolio, size, value, profitability, and investment are the pricing factors of the equilibrium six-factor asset pricing model. We use Fama-French (FF) portfolios of 2  3, 5  5, 10  10 sorts, 2  4  4 sorts, and the Industry portfolios to examine the equilibrium six-factor asset pricing model. The Generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation is used to estimate the parameters of variant asset pricing models and Gibbons-Ross-Shanken test is employed to evaluate the performance of the variant asset pricing frameworks. Major Findings: Our approaches led to three conclusions. First, the GMM estimation result infers that the human capital component of the six-factor asset pricing model significantly priced the variation in excess return on FF portfolios of variant sorts and the Industry portfolios. Further, the sensitivity to human capital component priced separately in the presence of the market portfolios and the common factors. Second, the six-factor asset pricing model outperforms the CAPM, FF three-factor model, and FF five-factor model, which indicates that the human capital component is a significant pricing factor in asset return predictability. Third, we argue that the human capital component is the unaccounted asset pricing factor and equally the sixth-factor of the FF five-factor asset pricing model. The additional robustness test result confirms that the parameter estimation of the six-factor asset pricing model is robust to the alternative definitions of the human capital component. Implications: The empirical results and findings equally pose the more significant effects for the decision-making process of the rational investor, institutional managers, portfolio managers, and fund managers in formulating the better investment strategies, which can help in diversifying the aggregate risks.
Creating, Sustaining, or Dispelling Misconceptions: Discourse Analysis of Mainstream Print Media's Coverage of Obama's Religious Identity

This study considered the role the mainstream print media has played in creating, sustaining, or dispelling the confusion among some Americans regarding President Barack Obama's religious identity. Employing a qualitative discourse analysis of coverage of Obama's religious identity, the study noted several distinct themes, including current faith practices, connections to history, blame game, otherness, politicization, and Muslim connections. A number of articles failed to capture the social, political, and historical contexts of the issue. This failure resulted in coverage that implicitly accepted the questions' legitimacy surrounding the President's religion and delegitimized his beliefs. Other coverage legitimated the confusion over his religious identity by focusing on Obama's “nontraditional” path to Christianity. Such coverage accentuated Obama's otherness, and created the potential for distrust and doubt. The study concluded that the coverage Obama received from the mainstream print media played an important but inconsistent role in dispelling the confusion over his religious identity.
Herding Behaviors in ASEAN Stock Markets

ABSTRACT This paper aims to use comprehensive evidence to test the herding behaviors existing in 6 ASEAN stock markets, including Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The paper used a survivor-bias-free dataset of daily stock returns during the period January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2016 to measure the results. The empirical results from the 6 ASEAN stock markets showed that herding behavior has existed only in Vietnam, and Vietnam own significant herding behavior during different asymmetric market conditions. We also found evidence to show the significant role of U.S. return dispersions in the ASEAN stock market; however, the U.S. stock market cannot affect the herding formation of each ASEAN stock market. Keywords: Herding Behavior, Cross-sectional Absolute Deviation, ASEAN Stock Markets
Evidence, ideology, and the policy of community management in Africa

This study examines the performance of the policy of community management for rural groundwater supply in Africa. Across the continent, policies that promote community management have dominated the rural water supply sector for decades. As a result, hundreds of thousands of village-level committees have been formed to manage community boreholes equipped with handpumps. With a significant proportion of these handpumps non-functional at any one time, increasing effort is targeted toward understanding the interacting social and physical determinants of this ‘hidden crisis’. We conducted a survey of community management arrangements across six hundred sites in rural Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda, examining the extent to which management capacity is related to borehole functionality whilst accounting for a range of contextual variables. The capacity of water management arrangements (WMAs) was assessed according to four dimensions: finance system; affordable maintenance and repair; decision making, rules, and leadership; and external support. The survey reveals that 73.3% of WMAs have medium or high capacity. However, we found no strong relationship between the capacity of the WMA and the functionality of the borehole. Of the four management dimensions, affordable maintenance and repair was the best predictor of borehole functionality. However, the capacity of this dimension was seen to be the lowest overall, with 61.9% of sites weak or non-existent. Our results provide very limited support for the policy of community management, and we suggest that evidence alone has not accounted for its persistence over decades. After a short historical analysis, we conclude that explanation for the endurance of this model can be found in the nexus between evidence, ideology, and policy. We argue that it is this same nexus that will likely ensure the popularity of community management for some time to come, despite new ideas and evidence to the contrary.
RUN-UP SPEED PARAMETERS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LONG JUMPERS

The purposes of this study were to investigate the run-up speed parameters of the elementary long jumpers and to obtain coaching suggestions on the run-up techniques for the coaches. Subjects were nineteen male and female elementary school long jumpers who participated in an athletics competition held in Japan. The run-up speed was collected by using a laser speed apparatus. There was a significant positive relationship between the official jumping distance and the maximum speed. This study revealed that reaching the maximum run-up speed as close to the take-off line as possible would help to maintain the run-up speed and to obtain large the take-off speed and the jumping distance.
Executive Succession in Small Companies

The main focus of this paper is on factors that influence how well prepared an organization will be for succession in its top positions. Data are drawn from cases of imminent or completed succession in over one hundred small manufacturing companies. In these companies the main factors influencing succession planning and subsequent profitability appear to be the availability and competence of a family member as successor. Their influence appears to operate mainly through their effects on the timing of the succession-planning process. Donald B. Trow is associate professor of sociology at Harpur College, State University of New York.
Impact of Dividend Tax Change on the Payout Policy of Indian Companies

Abstract The article examines the impact of regulatory changes in the tax on dividends on the payout policy of Indian companies. The tax law was recently amended to levy tax on dividends received by large shareholders. As the promoters group is the largest shareholder, this is expected to have a negative impact on the payout policy of companies. Furthermore, companies with larger promoter holdings have a higher motivation to reduce their payout. The study covers 370 companies present in the BSE 500 Index and compares the dividend payout of the companies before and after the introduction of tax levy. The study finds that the newly introduced tax indeed caused a shift in the dividend policy of companies, particularly those companies which have high levels of inside ownership. The findings have significant implications for companies, investors and the government.
Time-Delay Artificial Neural Network Computing Models for Predicting Shelf Life of Processed Cheese

This paper presents the capability of Time–delay artificial neural network models for predicting shelf life of processed cheese. Datasets were divided into two subsets (30 for training and 6 for validation). Models with single and multi layers were developed and compared with each other. Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, Coefficient of Determination and Nash - Sutcliffo Coefficient were used as performance evaluators, Time- delay model predicted the shelf life of processed cheese as 28.25 days, which is very close to experimental shelf life of 30 days.
The Social Use and Value of Blue-Green Stone Mosaics at Sites within Canal System 2, Phoenix Basin, Hohokam Regional System

The occurrence of nonlocal objects, raw materials, and ideas in the southwestern United States (U.S. SW) has long been recognized as evidence of interaction between prehispanic peoples of this region and those of greater Mesoamerica. Although many archaeologists have analyzed the directionality and potential means by which these objects and concepts moved across the landscape, few have assessed the degree to which Mesoamerican practices and traditional assemblages remained intact as the artifacts and ideas moved farther from their places of origin. The current study analyzes the distribution and deposition of blue-green stone mosaics, a craft technology that was well established in Mesoamerica by the Late Preclassic period (300 BC–AD 250) and spread to the U.S. SW by the start of the Hohokam Pioneer period (AD 475). We assess the spatial distribution, contextual deposition, and morphology of mosaics at sites within Hohokam Canal System 2, located in the Phoenix Basin of Arizona. We use these data to infer mosaics’ social value and function within Hohokam social structure. Analyses suggest that, although the technology of mosaic making may have originated in Mesoamerica, the contexts and ways in which mosaics were used in the Hohokam regional system were decidedly Hohokam.
Analysis of multi objective optimisation using TOPSIS method in EDM process with CNT infused copper electrode

This paper presents the experimental investigation of the machining characteristics of AISI D2 tool steel on the electrical discharge machining (EDM) process by replacing the copper electrode tool with carbon nanotube (CNT) fused electrode, and checking for improvement in machinability factors like material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR) and surface finish (SR). The problems of high electrode wear in EDM machining, such as poor dimensional and shape accuracy of the machined part, need to be addressed. The work material is spark machined with pure copper and CNT-infused copper electrodes by varying parameters on an EDM. The results of the machining characteristics with and without the CNT are compared and analysed using Taguchi analysis. This study investigates the optimisation of EDM parameters for AISI D2 tool steel using TOPSIS method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and F-test are used to check the validity of regression model and determine the significant parameter affecting the surface roughness.
Fuzzy-adapted lane assist of vehicles with uncertainties

Inspired by the motivation to ﬁnd new possibilities for creating adaptive mechanical motion systems, this work is a contribution to the research on fuzzy adaptive control concepts. An already existing high-gain adaptive control strategy is extended by a fuzzy-adaptation law using various fuzzy logics. In succession, several strategies are developed, analyzed and simulated when they are ﬁrstly applied to control a biologically inspired sensor system (fast-adapting receptor cells). The controllers are more effective than other ones from literature. In a next step, the best working fuzzy-adaptation strategy is used to adaptively control a lane assist of vehicles based on a single-track model in state space. To ﬁnd an optimal solution, the classic control theory and fuzzy logic are combined. In order to assess the effectiveness of the fuzzy-adaptation model, other lane assists which are already known from literature are compared to show the Pros and Cons and to ﬁnd out which efﬁciency the attempt has.
Group Size Effects in Electronic Brainstorming

Collaboration is a fundamental element of group brainstorming. Researchers have long considered how to improve collaboration to improve group brainstorming, but the general conclusion of this research is that due to problems in the communication process, people generate fewer ideas when they work together in groups than when they work separately and later pool their ideas (i.e., in “nominal groups”) (Mullen, Johnson, & Salas, 1991; Paulus, Larey, & Ortega, 1995). The goal of this brief article is to analyze the effect of group size on idea generation in both verbal and electronic brainstorming (EBS) groups. Group size effects were analyzed by a meta-analysis of 21 previously published articles. Section one reviews how group size impacts the communication process in group idea generation. Section two and three present the methods and results of our meta-analysis. Section four is a discussion of the results and implications for future research and practice.
Picture Windows: How The Suburbs Happened

A clear and engaging portrait of the twentieth century American suburbwhere it came from and where it is goinghighlighting the changing racial, ethnic, and class composition of suburban life. In Picture Windows, Baxandall and Ewen shatter nave stereotypes of suburban life, replacing them with a clear and compelling historical analysis that situates the development of the suburbs in relation to the pivotal issues of postwar American life. They examine the years from World War II to the present, chronicling the transformation of rural lands into tidy, uniform subdevelopments that promised all of the comforts of postwar technology. }In Picture Windows, Baxandall and Ewen shatter nave stereotypes of suburban life, replacing them with a clear and compelling historical analysis that situates the development of the suburbs in relation to the pivotal issues of postwar American life. They examine the years from World War II to the present, chronicling the transformation of rural lands into tidy, uniform subdevelopments that promised all of the comforts of postwar technology. The building of the suburbs, the authors argue, was conducted in the context of heated debates over the American standard of living, visionary planners and architects attempts to solve the housing crisis, womens liberation, and racial segregation. Baxandall and Ewen use interviews with hundreds of residents of three Long Island suburbs to weave together a story about suburbs past and present, and ultimately to insist on the centrality of suburban experience in the second half of the twentieth century. }
Playing with Possibilities: Drama and Core French in the Montessori Elementary Classroom in British Columbia, Canada

French as a Second Language (FSL) is not often a popular subject among Canadian elementary and high school students. Negative attitudes and low motivation for learning French contribute to attrition at the high school level. In this article, an alternative teaching approach is applied to the Canadian FSL context at the elementary school level in the province of British Columbia. This action research study conducted in 2010 investigated the outcomes of using a drama-based approach to instruct Core French to 12 year-old students at a Montessori elementary (public) school in British Columbia, Canada. Ten students worked with a teacher/researcher twice a week over a six-week period, using drama strategies and improvisational activities to practice and improve their French language and literacy skills. The use of drama strategies proved motivational for the students who participated with enthusiasm and expressed a desire to continue learning French through drama. The action research approach allowed the students a greater degree of autonomy as their feedback was used to develop lesson content. Engagement in their own learning contributed to improved student attitudes towards attending French class. Ways of further implementing this teaching approach in elementary classrooms needs to be the subject of future research.
Evaluation of the consumption and nutritional quality of Basella alba L. in Brazzaville

Leafy vegetables are generally neglected by consumers because of their rural lifestyle and low social status. As a result, they are often considered a "food of the poor. The general objective of our study is to carry out a nutritional and nutritional characterization of the vegetable Basella alba L. A cross-sectional survey of the consumption of B. alba L. leaves was carried out in the 9 districts of Brazzaville and concerned 150 households, as well as physicochemical analyzes carried out in the laboratory. The results show that the average age of respondents is 41.18 ± 15.36 years. The female sex is more represented with 83.3%. Many consumers are single (38.7%). Respondents are sourcing from the market (99.3%) per purchase (98.0%). The leaves of B. alba L are eaten cooked 99.3%. Its frequency of consumption is 1 time in the week 46%. 71.3% of those surveyed consume them all seasons. Laboratory results give the following morphological characteristics and nutritive values: leaf length 10.75 ± 2.10 cm, leaf width 9.5 ± 2.54 cm, petiole length 4 ± 0.70 cm, leaf water (89.03 g/100 g of fresh material); protein content (11.15 g / 100 g of dry matter); carbohydrate content 68.98 g/100 g of dry matter. The ashes have a content of 15.05 g/100 g of dry matter. Energy 363.9 kcal (or 1521.102 kJ). The leaves of B. alba L. have a good nutritional value, take into account the content of proteins and minerals and can contribute to the improvement of the nutritional state of the populations. Key words: Leaf vegetable, consumer survey, nutritional value, Brazzaville.