Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRUST IN MANAGEMENT, KNOWLEDGE SHARING, AND INTERMEDIATING ROLE OF LOSING KNOWLEDGE VALUE AND DOCUMENTATION

Knowledge sharing appears to be vital in organizations where interpersonal trust and trust in management is an important issue. Since the relationship between interpersonal trust and knowledge sharing is not obvious, this study analyzes the relationship between trust in management and knowledge sharing through "fear of losing one’s personal value" and "knowledge documentation" as intermediate variables. The research methodology is descriptivecorrelation and because of limited number of research population (9 employees of Mashhad municipality), data was collected from the whole population. Lisrel Software was used for data analysis. The results of this research contribute to both managerial and theoretical levels. For managerial level, it emphasizes on individual’s main role in the knowledge sharing process into knowledge documentation and fear of losing one’s personal value. In theoretical level, our research provides empirical evidence for two mechanisms that help to explain the impact of trust in management on knowledge sharing.
Automated electron tomography of the septal pore cap in Rhizoctonia solani.

Dolipore septa and septal pore caps (SPCs) in filamentous basidiomycetes may play an important role in maintaining the integrity of hyphal cells. We have investigated the ultrastructure of the dolipore septum and the SPC in Rhizoctonia solani hyphal cells after high-pressure freezing, freeze substitution, and Spurr embedding. We visualized the SPC with associated cell ultrastructures in three dimensions by automated electron tomography of thick-sectioned cells, followed by 3D tomographic reconstructions. Using these methods we were able to document the passage of mitochondria through the SPC, small tubular membranous structures at the entrance of the septal pore channel, filamentous structures connecting the inner side of the SPC with pore-plugging material, thin filaments anchoring the pore-plugging material with the plasma membrane, small vesicles attached to the plugging material, and tubular endoplasmic reticulum continuous with the base of the SPC. We hypothesize that the SPC, the filamentous structures, the plugging material, and the endoplasmic reticulum act in a coordinated fashion to maintain cellular integrity, intercellular communication, and the transport of solutes and cell organelles in the filamentous fungus R. solani.
A study in contrasts: inscriptions of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in two works of fiction.

OBJECTIVE This study investigates the depiction of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in two works of fiction, The Bluest Eye, by Toni Morrison, and Ordinary People, by Judith Guest. PARTICIPANTS In each text, the character struggling to mount a defense against the symptoms of PTSD is a child who must confront not only a single, precipitous event but also deleterious, ancillary conditions that threaten to impede the recovery process. METHODS This is a study in contrast that utilizes a comparative case analysis of two fictional characters. RESULTS One child reconstructs an integrated self while the other deteriorates mentally and emotionally. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest factors such as social supports, economic status, race and aesthetic self-image may play critical roles in a child's resiliency to the symptoms of PTSD.
Business Growth, Size and Age: Evidence from the Business Longitudinal Survey (BLS) Data in Australia

type="main"> Despite the important role small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play in the Australian economy, little is known from empirical literature on the formation, growth and frequent dissolution of these businesses. Considering the dynamics of business behaviour, this article analyses the performance, business formation (or dissolution) and variability of growth. Using only available Business Longitudinal Survey (BLS) data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), manufacturing businesses are considered for the analysis. Firm growth, the variability of firm growth and the probability that a firm will fail (or survive) depend on firm age. Incorporating the age for Australian businesses, we are able to explain the importance of maturity in analysing growth and survival process of SMEs.
Governance and bank's capital structure: empirical evidence from a cross countries analysis

This paper examines the role of bank ownership structure on capital structure by [using the financial and ownership data from Caprio et al. (2007) that covered 244 banks across 44 countries]. We classified banks across the countries with geographical regional dummies indicating if the banks are located in Asia, Africa and Latin America (the reference category being OECD countries). We find that family-owner managed firms tend to have a lower debt. In addition, excessive control right of the controlling owner may significantly increase bank leverage. We suggest that in a family-owner managed firms there should be more dilution of ownership so that minority are not exploited as too much loan may lower bank value. Thus, banks need to be better regulated as excessive leverage has been identified as one of the reasons for the current financial crisis.
The credit crunch in East Asia: evidence from field findings on Bank behavior and policy issues

This paper is organized as follows. The next section presents a concise executive summary sketching the primary findings, commenting the related major problems and outlining for discussion some possible remedies. Section 3 takes a bird's eye view at some of the recent systemic crises previous to East Asian one-affecting countries in a comparable stage of development - and highlights recurrent features of the constraints credit crunches posed to these economies recover. Section 4 expands on the primary findings for each of the five crisis countries. Section 5 considers how credit market disruption in East Asia constituted an impediment to recovery and discusses possible remedies.
The Imprinting of Founders’ Human Capital on Entrepreneurial Venture Growth: Evidence from New Technology-Based Firms

This paper tests the presence of an ‘entrepreneurial imprinting effect’ of founders’ human capital on entrepreneurial ventures’ performance. More specifically, we empirically explore the impact of entrepreneurs’ human capital on a firm’s sales growth performance by disentangling the effect of the stock of human capital possessed at foundation from the potential injections and losses of human capital due to exit of founders and/or addition of new owner-managers in the entrepreneurial team over time. Our analysis is based on a panel dataset composed of 338 Italian new technology-based firms (NTBFs) observed from 1995 (or since their foundation) to 2008 (or until their exit from the dataset). We consider the effects of several dimensions of entrepreneurial human capital on firm sales growth and estimate Gibrat law-type dynamic panel data models using OLS estimator and GMM-system estimator to control for endogeneity. Overall, our results point to a positive and significant presence of an ‘entrepreneurial imprinting effect’ exerted by founders’ specific work experience on venture growth which is robust to a series of controls.
The Moderating Effect Of Product Market Competition In The Relationship Between Advertising Expenditures And Sales

While the relationship between advertising expenditures and sales has been much discussed, whether product market competition affects their relationship has been little examined. We address this question by analyzing the financial performance data of 6,018 companies for 14 years (1997-2011). Our data analysis supports two hypotheses that (1) increasing advertising expenditures increase sales in the subsequent year and that (2) this effect is stronger when the product market competition is high than when it is low. Our findings advance the academic understanding of advertising effect as well as provide practical implications to advertising managers.
The Affordable Care Act Transformation of Substance Use Disorder Treatment.

The authors reflect on changes involving substance use disorder (SUD) treatment under the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), and it mentions American President Barack Obama's public health legacy, as well as the potential impact that the ACA will have on an opioid epidemic in the country. Medications for opioid use disorder patients are examined, along with health insurance coverage for SUD treatment services and the U.S. 2008 Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act.
Activation of Brain Attention Systems in Individuals with Symptoms of ADHD

Previous research investigating attention and impulse control in individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has largely ignored the symptomatic differences among the three subtypes of ADHD: ADHD-Inattentive Type, ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive Type, and ADHD-Combined Type. The present study examined attention and impulse control by focusing on these subtypes. Based on their self-reported symptoms of ADHD, participants belonged to one of four groups: ADHD-Inattentive, ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive, ADHD-Combined, and control. Cortical activity was recorded from participants during performance of a Go/NoGo task. The event-related potentials (ERP) measured at frontal and posterior sites discriminated between the control group and participants with symptoms of ADHD. The control group consistently exhibited a higher P3 amplitude than all the ADHD groups. The main difference occurred at the frontal site, indicating that individuals with ADHD symptoms have deficits in the anterior attentional system, which mediates signal detection. Behavioral measures of signal sensitivity revealed that the ADHD-Inattentive and the ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive groups had more difficulty with the attention-demanding Go/NoGo respond-to-target task, while behavioral measures of response bias indicated that the ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive and the ADHD-Combined groups responded more liberally in the inhibition-demanding Go/NoGo suppress-to-target task.
Coupon characteristics and brand choice

The effects of coupons on brand choice and repurchase behavior were examined in a laboratory panel experiment. Each of the 122 consumers purchased a candy bar on 10 different occasions; on the seventh purchase occasion, each consumer received an announcement of a new candy bar and one of four versions of a coupon. Results showed that whether or not a consumer will use a coupon depends on the size of the coupon offer, how easily the consumer can redeem the offer, how brand loyal the consumer is, and whether or not the consumer is deal prone. We also found, after statistically adjusting for our censored sample, that loyalty and coupon Characteristics influence whether or not a consumer will continue to purchase a formerly discounted brand. Information aggregation theory (Tybout & Scott, 1983) explains better than attribution theory how the coupon affects repurchase decisions.
Learning disability, school achievement, and grade retention among children with cleft: a two-center study.

OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence of learning disability (LD), level of school achievement; and prevalence of grade retention by type of cleft and gender at two craniofacial centers. SETTING The setting included two university-based craniofacial centers. DESIGN/PATIENTS Participants included 84 consecutively evaluated patients from one center who were matched by cleft type, age, and gender with 84 patients evaluated at the second center. OUTCOMES The outcomes included learning disability, school achievement, and grade retention. RESULTS The results revealed that 46% of subjects with cleft had LD, 47% had deficient educational progress, and 27% had repeated a grade (excluding kindergarten) in school. Males with cleft palate only (CPO) had a significantly higher rate of LD than any other subject group. Males with CPO and females with cleft lip and palate (CLP) were more likely to repeat a grade in school than were females with CPO and males with CLP. CONCLUSIONS Children with cleft are at risk for learning disability, low school achievement, and grade retention.
Working conditions in primary care: physician reactions and care quality.

BACKGROUND Adverse primary care work conditions could lead to a reduction in the primary care workforce and lower-quality patient care. OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship among adverse primary care work conditions, adverse physician reactions (stress, burnout, and intent to leave), and patient care. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING 119 ambulatory clinics in New York, New York, and in the upper Midwest. PARTICIPANTS 422 family practitioners and general internists and 1795 of their adult patients with diabetes, hypertension, or heart failure. MEASUREMENTS Physician perception of clinic workflow (time pressure and pace), work control, and organizational culture (assessed survey); physician satisfaction, stress, burnout, and intent to leave practice (assessed by survey); and health care quality and errors (assessed by chart audits). RESULTS More than one half of the physicians (53.1%) reported time pressure during office visits, 48.1% said their work pace was chaotic, 78.4% noted low control over their work, and 26.5% reported burnout. Adverse workflow (time pressure and chaotic environments), low work control, and unfavorable organizational culture were strongly associated with low physician satisfaction, high stress, burnout, and intent to leave. Some work conditions were associated with lower quality and more errors, but findings were inconsistent across work conditions and diagnoses. No association was found between adverse physician reactions, such as stress and burnout, and care quality or errors. LIMITATION The analyses were cross-sectional, the measures were self-reported, and the sample contained an average of 4 patients per physician. CONCLUSION Adverse work conditions are associated with adverse physician reactions, but no consistent associations were found between adverse work conditions and the quality of patient care, and no associations were seen between adverse physician reactions and the quality of patient care.
Lions as Bone Accumulators? Paleontological and Ecological Implications of a Modern Bone Assemblage from Olduvai Gorge

Analytic models have been developed to reconstruct early hominin behaviour, especially their subsistence patterns, revealed mainly through taphonomic analyses of archaeofaunal assemblages. Taphonomic research is used to discern which agents (carnivores, humans or both) generate the bone assemblages recovered at archaeological sites. Taphonomic frameworks developed during the last decades show that the only large-sized carnivores in African biomes able to create bone assemblages are leopards and hyenas. A carnivore-made bone assemblage located in the short-grassland ecological unit of the Serengeti (within Olduvai Gorge) was studied. Taphonomic analyses of this assemblage including skeletal part representation, bone density, breakage patterns and anatomical distribution of tooth marks, along with an ecological approach to the prey selection made by large carnivores of the Serengeti, were carried out. The results show that this bone assemblage may be the first lion-accumulated assemblage documented, although other carnivores (namely spotted hyenas) may have also intervened through postdepositional ravaging. This first faunal assemblage potentially created by lions constitutes a new framework for neotaphonomic studies. Since lions may accumulate carcasses under exceptional circumstances, such as those documented at the site reported here, this finding may have important consequences for interpretations of early archaeological and paleontological sites, which provide key information about human evolution.
Intrinsic motivation and the process of learning: Beneficial effects of contextualization, personalization, and choice.

This experiment examined the effects on the learning process of 3 complementary strategies—contextualization, personalization, and provision of choices—for enhancing students' intrinsic motivation. Elementary school children in 1 control and 4 experimental conditions worked with educational computer activities designed to teach arithmetical order-ofoperations rules. In the control condition, this material was presented abstractly. In the experimental conditions, identical material was presented in meaningful and appealing learning contexts, in either generic or individually personalized form. Half of the students in each group were also offered choices concerning instructionally incidental aspects of the learning contexts; the remainder were not. Contextualization, personalization, and choice all produced dramatic increases, not only in students' motivation but also in their depth of engagement in learning, the amount they learned in a fixed time period, and their perceived competence and levels of aspiration. Learning, every parent knows, can be fun. From the dogged dedication of the infant learning to walk and the voraciousness of the toddler first learning the names of objects to the insatiable curiosity of the preschooler wanting to know the "why" behind everything, astute observers from Plato to Piaget have remarked upon young children's intrinsic love for learning. There are, it appears, no preschool children with "motivational deficits. " Yet only a few years later, after these same children have entered school, their motivation to learn has somehow become decidedly more problematic. Many of them seem to find the instructional activities in schools to be dull and
Eruption of the primary dentition in human infants: a prospective descriptive study.

PURPOSE This study investigated the clinical process of the emergence phase of eruption of the primary dentition including length of time taken to erupt and the association between soft tissue changes and stages of eruption. METHODS Twenty-one children aged 6-24 months at commencement of the study were recruited from three suburban daycare centers in Melbourne, Australia. Daily oral examinations of each child were conducted for seven months. RESULTS One hundred twenty-eight teeth were observed during eruption. Swelling very infrequently accompanied tooth eruption and in all cases was mild. Forty-nine percent of observed teeth demonstrated gingival redness during the emergence stages of eruption, but there was no significant relationship between redness and specific stages of eruption. Mean duration of eruption, from palpable enlargement of the gingival tissue to full eruption, was 2.0 months (range 0.9-4.6 months). The average rate of eruption was 0.7 mm per month. Many of the deciduous teeth appeared to demonstrate an "oscillating" pattern of eruption, (emerging and then retreating before emerging again). Timing of oscillation was not specific to stage of eruption or tooth type. This was defined as a "transitional" phase of eruption which appears to be common. CONCLUSION The results suggest that eruption of the primary dentition is often accompanied by redness, but not swelling, of the gingival tissues. For some children, there also appears to be a "transitional" eruption phase for primary teeth.
Presymptomatic electrophysiological tests predict clinical onset and survival in SOD1G93A ALS mice

Introduction: We assessed the predictive value of electrophysiological tests as a marker of clinical disease onset and survival in superoxide‐dismutase 1 (SOD1)G93A mice. Methods: We evaluated the accuracy of electrophysiological tests in differentiating transgenic versus wild‐type mice. We made a correlation analysis of electrophysiological parameters and the onset of symptoms, survival, and number of spinal motoneurons. Results: Presymptomatic electrophysiological tests show great accuracy in differentiating transgenic versus wild‐type mice, with the most sensitive parameter being the tibialis anterior compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude. The CMAP amplitude at age 10 weeks correlated significantly with clinical disease onset and survival. Electrophysiological tests increased their survival prediction accuracy when evaluated at later stages of the disease and also predicted the amount of lumbar spinal motoneuron preservation. Conclusions: Electrophysiological tests predict clinical disease onset, survival, and spinal motoneuron preservation in SOD1G93A mice. This is a methodological improvement for preclinical studies. Muscle Nerve 50: 943–949, 2014
Essays in Corporate Finance

My dissertation includes two related essays in supply chain and corporate finance. The first is sole authored and entitled “Do merger waves cause ripples in vertically related industries” and the second is co-authored with Shawn Thomas and entitled “Changes in concentration across vertically related industries”. In the first, I use a sample of all industries experiencing merger activity between 1980 and 2008 to investigate the relation between customer and supplier horizontal merger waves. I find evidence that a merger wave in a customer (supplier) industry increases the likelihood of a subsequent merger wave in a related industry by 30% (28%), depending on the definition of merger wave used. Additional tests of the data show that industry merger waves are more likely to follow customer merger waves, but not necessarily supplier merger waves, when bargaining power motives are at work. I find that vertically related industry merger waves occur subsequent to supplier and customer industry merger waves, suggesting that merger waves move along the supply chain. Finally, I find that the association between related industry horizontal merger waves is strongest for non-consumer goods industries and industries with little product differentiation. In the second essay, we investigate the magnitude, timing, and direction of the association between changes in concentration across vertically related industries over the period 1978-2008. We find robust evidence that changes in an industry’s level of concentration are significantly positively related to prior and simultaneous changes in the concentration of their customer industries. We find weaker evidence that changes in an industry’s level of concentration are related to changes in the concentration of their supplier industries. Thus, the association between changes in concentration across vertically related industries appears stronger in the upstream direction than in the downstream direction. We find that increased concentration across vertically related industries, perhaps reflecting countervailing power effects, explains in part the observed positive association between changes in concentration; however, we also find robust evidence that decreases in concentration, perhaps reflecting the effects of technological innovation in vertically related industries, are also important determinants of the observed association.
Reverse logistics strategies for end‐of‐life products

Purpose – End‐of‐life (EOL) products have become a major environmental issue among countries and manufacturers. This is due to the growing number of EOL products and their hazardous contents. Many collection strategies and pilot projects have been conducted to manage EOL products, especially Waste Electrical and Electronics equipments (WEEEs). However, as characteristics of a population are different to one another, a customized collection strategy is required. The purpose of this paper is to find an effective collection strategy which considers cost and environmental impact simultaneously.Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents an integrated collection strategy which combines a Fuzzy Colored Petri Net forecasting method and collection network model to collect EOL products. Colored Petri Net is used in modeling the integrated collection strategy. To test the collection strategy, a case study on mobile phone collection in Australia is presented.Findings – The integrated collection strategy develo.