Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of the Flow Maldistribution Inside an Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger Citation

Flow maldistribution in heat exchanger tubes can significantly affect its performance. In this work, 16 tubes are connected between the inlet and the exit headers forming the heat exchanger. The feed nozzle is connected to the inlet header and its connection point can be altered. The influences of inlet flow Reynolds number (Re), nozzle diameter, number of nozzles and nozzle location on the flow maldistribution are experimentally investigated. Water is chosen to be the working fluid inside the heat exchanger set of tubes. At lower flow rates, the results showed that the flow Reynolds number has a significant effect on the flow maldistribution inside the heat exchanger set of tubes; however at higher flow rates, this effect was insignificant. Locating the nozzle at the center of the inlet header resulted in about 25% to 30% reduction in the standard deviation (STD) of the flow rate inside the tubes. Increasing the number of inlet nozzles resulted in an insignificant effect on the flow maldistribution. Increasing the nozzle diameter resulted in increased standard deviation of the flow rate distribution among the tubes and pressure drop across the tubes at the considered heat exchanger geometry and water flow rate.
A Literature Review on the Prediction of Pedestrian Behavior in Urban Scenarios

The ability to anticipate pedestrian actions on streets is a safety issue for intelligent cars and has increasingly drawn the attention of the automotive industry. Estimating when pedestrians will cross streets has proved a challenging task, since they can move in many different directions, suddenly change motion, be occluded by a variety of obstacles and distracted while talking to other pedestrians or typing on a mobile phone. Moreover, their decisions can also be affected by several factors. This paper explores the ways pedestrians' intention estimation has been studied, evaluated, and evolved. It provides a literature review on pedestrian behavior prediction, addresses available solutions, state-of-the-art developments, and hurdles to be overcome towards reaching a solution that is closer to the human ability to predict and interpret such scenarios. Although many studies can precisely estimate pedestrians' positioning one second before they cross a street, most of them cannot precisely predict when they will stop at a curb.
Multi-segment foot kinematics and plantar fascia strain during treadmill and overground running.

Although physiologically beneficial, running is known to be associated with a high incidence of chronic injuries. Excessive coronal and transverse plane motions of the foot segments and strain experienced by the plantar fascia are linked to the development of a number of chronic injuries. This study examined differences in multi-segment foot kinematics and plantar fascia strain during treadmill and overground running. Twelve male recreational runners ran at 4.0 m.s-1 in both treadmill and overground conditions. Multi-segment foot kinematics and plantar fascia strain were measured using an eight-camera motion analysis system and contrasted using paired samples t-tests. The results showed that plantar fascia strain was significantly greater in the overground condition (8.23 ± 2.77) compared to the treadmill (5.53 ± 2.25). Given the proposed relationship between excessive plantar fascia strain and the etiology of injury, overground running may be associated with a higher incidence of injury although further work is necessary before causation can be confirmed.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Wet Fermented Feed with Probiotic on the Production Performance of Akar Putra Chicken

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Solid State Fermented Feed (SSFF) with and Without Prepared Probiotic (PP) on the live body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of a local Malaysian chicken (Akar Putra). A total of 96 day-old Akar Putra chicks, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (24 chicken/treatment), with 3 replicates for each (8 chicken/replicate). The four dietary treatments were the control T1 (no supplement), diet supplemented of SSFF with probiotic in the second treatment was prepared at the rate 1:1:1 (1 kg of commercial broiler feed+1 L tap water+1g PP). While the rate was 1:1:2 (1 kg of commercial broiler feed+1 L tap water+2 g PP) in the third treatment. The chickens in fourth treatment were fed on SSFF without probiotic. The feeding mixtures of T2, T3 and T4 were placed in a plastic tray which closed ad incubate for 38 h at 37±2EC for complete fermentation and used without drying. Supplementation the SSFF with PP resulted in a significant (p<0.01) increase in the males' and females'live body weight. Furthermore, (p<0.01) enhancement in the females' feed conversion ratio of supplemented treatments was observed. It can be concluded that using wet fermented feed with 1 and 2 g of prepared probiotic caused significant improvement in the production performance of Akar Putra chicken especially in the live body weight and growth rate traits.
Spillover Effects in Government Bond Spreads: Evidence from a GVAR Model

This paper analyses the main drivers of sovereign bond spreads in a globalised world. Specifically, we account for international spillovers of bond spreads by adding an additional driver, namely, financial markets, and allowing interactions across countries and markets. We contribute to the VAR literature by taking a global VAR approach, which encompasses international linkages and spillovers and also deals with the issue of identifcation and the large dimensionality. We find significant spillovers across countries and across markets. Moreover, we reveal that bond spreads are driven by stock markets. Furthermore, highly indebted countries react more strongely to foreign shocks than do stable economies. European bond markets are primarily driven by European shocks, whereas U.S. shocks have a higher impact on European countries that are in crisis and other non-European OECD countries. Our results demonstrate that financial market participants, central bankers, and fiscal policymakers need to be aware of global interdependencies, as bond spread volatility is driven by different factors for each country.
The Relationship between Logistics and Economic Development in Indonesia: Analysis of Time Series Data

This paper investigates the relationship between logistics and economic development in Indonesia using time series data on traffic volume and economic growth for the period from 1988 to 2010. Literature reviews were conducted to find the most applicable econometric model. The data of cargo volume that travels through sea, air and rail is used as the logistics index, while GDP is used for the economic index. The time series data was tested using stationarity and co-integration tests. Granger causality tests were employed, and then a proposed logistic model is presented. This study showed that logistics plays an important role in supporting and sustaining economic growth, in a form where the economic growth is the significant demand-pull effect towards logistics. Although the model is developed in the context of Indonesia, the overall statistical analysis can be generalized to other developing economies. Based on the model, this paper presented the importance of sustaining economic development with regards continuously improving the logistics infrastructure.
Racially Differentiated Language in NFL Scouting Reports

Do NFL scouts describe white quarterback prospects and minority quarterback prospects differently? Does racially differentiated discussion of prospects affect their draft stock? In this paper, we identify systematic differences in how scouts describe white and minority quarterback prospects. Reports on white quarterbacks emphasize positive intangibles such as leadership skills and intelligence, while reports on minority quarterbacks focus more on physical attributes and negative intangibles. Supplementary analyses indicate that these differences are driven by the race of prospects and that minority quarterbacks are undervalued in the draft. We also show that discussion of intangible character qualities associated with reports on white prospects is predictive of improved draft position. Our findings suggest that racially framed perceptions, as reflected in the differentiated language of scouting reports, continue to influence the draft stock of NFL quarterback prospects.
Evolution of milk somatic cell count of cows grazing an alpine pasture according to the infection of udder by pathogens

The infection of udder by a pathogen and milk somatic cell count (SCC) of 220 quarters from 55 Abondance and Tarentaise cows coming from three Northern Alps herds were analysed three times: in June when cows use a valley pasture before turning to highland pasture and in July and September, respectively at the beginning and the end of highland pasture grazing period. During the three periods, 31% of the experimental quarters were free or infection, 61% were infected by a minor pathogen and 8% were infected by a major pathogen. In quarters infected by a major pathogen, SCC was constantly high (> 1 600 000 cells/ml in the three periods). SCC of uninfected quarters remained below 60 000 cells/ml in the three periods whereas SCC of quarters infected by a minor pathogen averaged 89 000 cells/ml in June and 512 000 cells/ml in September. For the latter, SCC was all the higher as the infection was older. Results are discussed according to the highland grazing conditions that may have had an impact on SCC.
Effects of hypertension, acute and long-term exercise on pseudopod formation on naïve neutrophils and plasma matrix metalloproteinase levels and activity

Leukocyte activation and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been associated with experimental forms of hypertension as a signature of inflammation. It is the objective of my thesis to investigate leukocyte activation and MMP activity in a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with hypertension that are not on any medication. My aims are to determine whether hypertensives exhibit signs of leukocyte activation on naive neutrophils as determined by the formation of pseudopods and whether they exhibit elevated levels of MMPs in plasma. Pseudopod formation has been identified as a cause of increased hemodynamic resistance and is associated with other forms of activation. Exercise interventions have successfully reduced blood pressure as well as plasma levels of known inflammatory markers in hypertension. Subjects with normal or elevated blood pressure participated; hypertensives additionally partook in a 12-week exercise intervention. Naive cells were stimulated by subject plasma, fixed, imaged, and analyzed. Significant correlations between pseudopod length and systolic (R = 0.415, p = 0.018), diastolic (R = 0.402, p = 0.023) blood pressure were identified. Pseudopod length post training was associated with a change in diastolic blood pressure. Matrix metalloproteinases, a family of endopeptidases involved in vascular remodeling, are role players in a number of cardiovascular diseases known as risk factors in hypertension. Subjects performed acute exercise tasks before and after a lifestyle intervention. Acute exercise increased plasma levels of MMP-8 and -9 (p < 0.001). Training did not alter MMP-levels, or the response to acute exercise. Correlations between MMPs and markers of inflammation were found
Rankings of Economists in Teaching Economics Departments in Australia, 1988-2000

This paper provides rankings of individual Australian economists in teaching economics departments on the basis of ECONLIT journal articles for the periods 1988-2000 and 1995-2000. In ranking the economists, two types of rankings of journals are employed and approximately 400 journals are taken into account. These are the citation-based rankings and the perception-based rankings.Two different citation-based journal rankings, those by Laband and Piette (1994) and Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas and Stengos (2001) are used. Perception-based journal rankings from Mason, Steagall and Fabritius are used. The rankings are provided for both 1988-2000 and for 1995-2000.
The Study of Growth Performance, Body Composition and Some Blood Parameters of Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii, 1901) Fingerlings at Different Salinities

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 7 and 10 ppt) on growth indices, blood biochemical parameters, and body composition in Rutilus frisii kutum fingerlings (initial weight 1.33 ±0.02 g) during 60 days. Results indicated that the highest rates of daily growth, specific growth and weight gain per fish were obtained at the levels of 4 and 2 ppt (P 0.05). Findings of blood biochemical factors at the end of the study (hematocrit, total protein, glucose, cholesterol, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium) revealed no significant variation in different salinities (P>0.05). Changes in protein, moisture, fat and ash content were not significant at the end of the experimental period (P>0.05).
Selenastraceae (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae): rbcL, 18S rDNA and ITS-2 secondary structure enlightens traditional taxonomy, with description of two new genera, Messastrum gen. nov. and Curvastrum gen. nov.

The phylogeny of the family Selenastraceae was investigated by light microscopy, 18S rDNA, rbcL and ITS-2 analyses. Various morphological features traditionally used for species and genera identification were investigated. All selenastracean strains studied have naked pyrenoids within the chloroplast, except the genus Chlorolobion, which presented starch envelope. The molecular analyses showed that no morphological criterion considered so far is significant for the systematics of the Selenastraceae, but a set of features may be suitable to identify the genera Ankistrodesmus and Chlorolobion. Phylogenetic analyses showed the genera Monoraphidium, Kirchneriella and Selenastrum were not monophyletic and not distinguishable as separate genera. The polyphyly of the genus Selenastrum led to the description of two new genera, Curvastrum gen. nov and Messastrum gen. nov.
Multiscale phenomenology of the cosmic web

We analyze the structure and connectivity of the distinct morphologies that define the Cosmic Web. With the help of our Multiscale Morphology Filter (MMF), we dissect the matter distribution of a cosmologicalCDM N-body computer simulation into cluster, filaments and walls. The MMF is ideally suited to adress both the anisotropic morphological character of filaments and sheets, as well as the multiscale nature of the hierarchically evolved cosmic matter distribution. The results of our study may be summarized as follows: i). - While all morphologies occupy a roughly well defined range in density, this alone is not sufficient to differentiate between t given their overlap. Environment defined only in terms of density fails to incorporate the intrinsic dynamics of each morphology. This plays an important role in both linear and non lin- ear interactions between haloes. ii). - Most of the mass in the Universe is concentrated in filaments, narrowly followed by clusters. In terms of volume, clusters only represent a minute fraction, and filaments not more than 9%. Walls are relatively inconspicous in terms of mass and volume. iii). - On average, massive clusters are connected to more filaments than low mass clusters. Clusters with M � 10 14 Mh −1 have on average two connecting filaments, while clusters with M > 10 15 Mh −1 have on average five connecting filaments. iv). - Density profiles indicate that the typical width of filaments is 2 h −1 Mpc. Walls have less well defined boundaries with widths between 5-8 Mpc h −1 . In their interior, filaments have a power-law density profile with slope � − 1, corresponding to an isothermal density profile.
Assessing the Prison Experience for Australian First Peoples: A Prospective Research Approach

Australian First Peoples hyperincarceration is concomitant with the trauma of historical and contemporary colonisation in perpetuating social dysfunction. Ongoing colonisation has been sustained by research that does not respect First Peoples epistemology, axiology, and ontology. Given this, the impact of prison quality and the potential association with First Peoples imprisonment and recidivism has been inadequately researched. Therefore there is a need to examine prison quality as experienced by Australian First Peoples. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise a decolonising prison quality research method that is respectful of and culturally sensitive to Australian First Peoples. The proposed method interfaces First Peoples yarning with Appreciative Inquiry. Underpinning the proposed method is that all researchers, First Peoples or non-Indigenous, are attuned to cultural awareness and sensitive to the engagement process. When yarning is interfaced with Appreciative Inquiry and the latter is modified in consultation with First Peoples input, the proposed research method empowers research participants, potentially contributing to de-colonisation.
MUSE searches for galaxies near very metal-poor gas clouds at z ∼ 3: new constraints for cold accretion models

We report on the search for galaxies in the proximity of two very metal-poor gas clouds at z ∼ 3 towards the quasar Q0956+122. With a 5-hour Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integration in a ∼500 × 500 kpc2 region centred at the quasar position, we achieve a ≥80 per cent complete spectroscopic survey of continuum-detected galaxies with mR ≤ 25 mag and Lyα emitters with luminosity LLyα ≥ 3 × 1041 erg s− 1. We do not identify galaxies at the redshift of a z ∼ 3.2 Lyman limit system (LLS) with log Z/Z⊙ = −3.35 ± 0.05, placing this gas cloud in the intergalactic medium or circumgalactic medium of a galaxy below our sensitivity limits. Conversely, we detect five Lyα emitters at the redshift of a pristine z ∼ 3.1 LLS with log Z/Z⊙ ≤ −3.8, while ∼0.4 sources were expected given the z ∼ 3 Lyα luminosity function. Both this high detection rate and the fact that at least three emitters appear aligned in projection with the LLS suggest that this pristine cloud is tracing a gas filament that is feeding one or multiple galaxies. Our observations uncover two different environments for metal-poor LLSs, implying a complex link between these absorbers and galaxy haloes, which ongoing MUSE surveys will soon explore in detail. Moreover, in agreement with recent MUSE observations, we detected a ∼ 90 kpc Lyα nebula at the quasar redshift and three Lyα emitters reminiscent of a ‘dark galaxy’ population.
SatSel: A Satellite Selection Algorithm to reduce delivery time in DTN-Nanosatellite Networks for Internet Access in Rural Areas.

—There are some different ways to connect rural areas to the Internet. One of these provides the use of a nanosatellite constellation. This type of network allows people in rural areas to enjoy all services the Internet can offer keeping low the cost of Internet access. One of the critical aspect is related to the delivery time, because LEO satellite links are not always up. This means that the system must be able to deal with periodic disruptions and high delays in the path from the source to the destination, considering that data could be stored in nanosatellite, Internet gateway (also called hot spot), and rural gateway (also called cold spot) buffers also for several seconds or minutes waiting to be forwarded. In the path from rural areas to the Internet, it is possible to reduce data delivery time acting on rural gateways. We propose SatSel: a selection algorithm which allows the cold spots to choose the nanosatellite to whom upload data in order to reduce the data delivery time.
Tracking the Slowdown in Long-Run GDP Growth

Abstract Using a dynamic factor model that allows for changes in both the long-run growth rate of output and the volatility of business cycles, we document a significant decline in long-run output growth in the United States. Our evidence supports the view that most of this slowdown occurred prior to the Great Recession. We show how to use the model to decompose changes in long-run growth into its underlying drivers. At low frequencies, a decline in the growth rate of labor productivity appears to be behind the recent slowdown in GDP growth for both the United States and other advanced economies. When applied to real-time data, the proposed model is capable of detecting shifts in long-run growth in a timely and reliable manner.
Examining Retirement Housing Preferences Among International Retiree Migrants

Housing demand models based on individual consumer’s utility function reflect preferences about the structure and lot, neighborhood, and location as related to socioeconomic characteristics of the occupants. As a growing proportion of aging residents in many countries are undertaking late life moves, their preferences will have an influence on destination housing markets. We examine the characteristics, attitudes and preferences about retirement housing among immigrant retirees currently living in traditional housing in a retirement destination in Alicante, Spain. Using results from a survey of German and British retirees living in the region, we find through logistic regression that preference for retirement housing is associated with aging and gaining access to in-home support services.
HORDEUM VULGARE: A SUITABLE HOST FOR MASS PRODUCTION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI FROM NATURAL SOIL.

Four plant species viz. Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus mungo were examined for mass production of consortium of AM fungi present in the rhizosphere soil. Rhizosphere soil were collected from teak dominated forest and was used as a source of AM inoculum. Surface sterilized seeds of all the four selected plant species were raised in a mixture of sterilized soil and sand in 3:1 ratio. Mass production of AM fungi was observed in terms of (%) AM colonization, AM spore population, and effectiveness of AM consortia was recorded in terms of height and dry weight of inoculated and uninoculated plants. Out of four test species H. vulgare responded as the most suitable host. After 60 days, H. vulgare showed the highest colonization (92%) and 74 spores per 25 g soil. It was observed that plants having higher AM colonization showed higher AM spore production showing a positive correlation, however, it was not found in T. aestivum. Study indicates that H. vulgare is suitable for early colonization and mass production of AM fungi. After 90 days of pot culture, pot soil from all host were analyzed for AM flora. In all, eleven AM species were identified from the consortium. Maximum numbers of AM species (8 species) were found associated with H. vulgare. Three species of AM fungi i.e. Glomus aggregatum, G. fasciculatum and Sclerocystis pakistanica were found to dominate in the soil of H. vulgare. Keywords. AM fungi, AM colonization, Glomus aggregatum, G. fasciculatum, Sclerocystis pakistanica, mass production