Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiplicative Effects of Social and Psychological Risk Factors on College Students’ Suicidal Behaviors

Less is known about the multiplicative effects of social and psychological risk and protective factors of suicidality on college campuses. The current study aimed to investigate the multiplicative effects of social (identifying oneself as gay/lesbian, financial difficulty, violence victimization, and religiosity) and psychological (anxiety, depression, problem alcohol use, drug use) and risk/protective factors on suicidal behaviors among college students in the United States. Using a cross-sectional design, the Healthy Mind Study (HMS; 2016–2017), is a national online survey of college students in the United States. Social (identifying oneself as gay/lesbian, violence victimization, financial difficulty, and religiosity) and psychological (anxiety, depression, problem alcohol use, and drug use) risk/protective factors were assessed among 27,961 individuals. Three aspects of suicidality, including ideation, plan, and attempt, were also assessed. Logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Financial difficulty, violence victimization, identifying oneself as gay/lesbian, anxiety, depression, and drug use increased, while religiosity reduced the odds of suicidal behaviors. Multiplicative effects were found between the following social and psychological risk factors: (1) financial difficulty and anxiety; (2) financial difficulty and depression; (3) depression and drug use; (4) problem alcohol use and drug use; and (5) depression and problem alcohol use. There is a considerable overlap in the social and psychological processes, such as financial stress, mood disorders, and substance use problems, on risk of suicide in college students. As social and psychological risk factors do not operate independently, comprehensive suicidal risk evaluations that simultaneously address multiple social and psychological risk factors may be superior to programs that only address a single risk factor.
Prevalence, outcome and quality of care among children hospitalized with severe acute malnutrition in Kenyan hospitals: A multi-site observational study

Background Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remains a major cause of admission and inpatient mortality worldwide in children aged less than 5 years. In this study, we explored SAM prevalence and outcomes in children admitted in 13 Kenyan hospitals participating in a Clinical Information Network (CIN). We also describe their immediate in-patient management. Methods We analyzed data for children aged 1–59 months collected retrospectively from medical records after discharge. Mean, median and ranges were used to summarize pooled and age-specific prevalence and mortality associated with SAM. Documentation of key signs and symptoms (S/S) and performance of indicators of quality of care for selected aspects of the WHO management steps were assessed. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between documented S/S and mortality among SAM patients aged 6–59 months. Loess curves were used to explore performance change over time for indicators of selected SAM management steps. Results 5306/54140 (9.8%) children aged 1–59 months admitted with medical conditions in CIN hospitals between December 2013 and November 2016 had SAM. SAM prevalence identified by clinicians and case fatality varied widely across hospitals with median proportion (range) of 10.1% (4.6–18.2%) and 14.8% (6.0–28.6%) respectively. Seventeen variables were associated with increased mortality. Performance change over time of management steps varied across hospitals and across selected indicators but suggests some effect of regular audit and feedback. Conclusion Identification of SAM patients, their mortality and adherence to in-patient management recommendations varied across hospitals. An important group of SAM patients are aged less than 6 months. Continued efforts are required to improve management of SAM in routine settings as part of efforts to reduce inpatient mortality.
Investigation of the dosimetric characteristics of radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter for high-energy photon beams

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to investigate the dosimetric characteristics of radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RPLGD) for high energy photon beams in both flattening filter mode and flattening filter free (FFF) mode. The dosimetric characteristics of RPLGD model GD-302M were studied in 6 MV photon beams for the reproducibility of dosimeter reader, uniformity and reproducibility of RPLGD, dose linearity (range from 1 to 20 Gy), repetition rate, and angular dependence. In addition, the energy responses were observed in flattening filter mode (6 MV, 10 MV, and 15 MV) from Varian Clinac C-series and FFF mode (6 MV_FFF and 10 MV_FFF) from Varian TrueBEAM system. The FGD-1000 reader system exhibited stable readout. The entire number of 100 RPLGDs showed good uniformity and reproducibility within ±1.5%. Furthermore, the signal from RPLGD demonstrated a linear proportion to the radiation dose (r = 0.999), and no energy dependence was observed. For repetition rate response of flattening filter mode and FFF mode, the maximum error of relative response to 400 MU/min were 0.977±0.006 and 0.986±0.017, respectively. The response of RPLGD reached 1.00 at ±30° gantry angle while at +90° gantry angle, the RPLGD response was 8% lower compared to -90° gantry angle because the attenuation effect was more pronounced. We conclude that the RPLGD is capable to measure radiation dose since it provides desirable dosimetric properties such as good uniformity and reproducibility of RPLGD including the reader system. Besides, RPLGD is available with small active readout area which adds benefit for clinical implementation in radiotherapy, especially for advanced techniques.
Blood and Tissue Enzymatic Activities of GDH and LDH, Index of Glutathione, and Oxidative Stress among Breast Cancer Patients Attending Referral Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hospital-Based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

The exact cause of breast cancer is unknown; it is a multifactorial disease. It is the most diagnosed and the second killer cancer among women. Breast cancer can be originated from tissues of breast or secondary from other organs via metastasis. Generally, cancer cells show aberrant metabolism and oxidative stress when compared to noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients. The current study aims at evaluating glutamate and glucose metabolism through GDH and LDH enzyme activities, oxidant, and antioxidative status among breast cancer patients attending referral hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Result. Catalytic activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and oxidative stress index were significantly increased in both serum (4.2 mU/ml, 78.6 mU/ml, and 3.3 : 1, resp.) and cancerous tissues (1.4 mU/ml, 111.7 mU/ml, and 2.15 : 1, resp.) of breast cancer patients as compared to those in serum of control group (3.15 mU/ml, 30.4 mU/ml, and 2.05 : 1, resp.) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients (0.92 mU/ml, 70.5 mU/ml, and 1.1 : 1, resp.) (P ≤ 0.05). Correspondingly, ratios of reduced to oxidized glutathione were significantly decreased in both serum (20 : 1) and cancerous tissues (23.5 : 1) of breast cancer patients when compared to those in serum of control group (104.5 : 1) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients (70.9 : 1) (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. Catalytic activities of GDH and LDH, ratios of GSH to GSSG, and concentration of TOS among breast cancer patients were significantly higher than were those among control group and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients, while TAC of breast cancer patients is significantly lower than that of control group and normal tissues of breast cancer patients.
Improved ASR for Under-Resourced Languages Through Multi-Task Learning with Acoustic Landmarks

Furui first demonstrated that the identity of both consonant and vowel can be perceived from the C-V transition; later, Stevens proposed that acoustic landmarks are the primary cues for speech perception, and that steady-state regions are secondary or supplemental. Acoustic landmarks are perceptually salient, even in a language one doesn't speak, and it has been demonstrated that non-speakers of the language can identify features such as the primary articulator of the landmark. These factors suggest a strategy for developing language-independent automatic speech recognition: landmarks can potentially be learned once from a suitably labeled corpus and rapidly applied to many other languages. This paper proposes enhancing the cross-lingual portability of a neural network by using landmarks as the secondary task in multi-task learning (MTL). The network is trained in a well-resourced source language with both phone and landmark labels (English), then adapted to an under-resourced target language with only word labels (Iban). Landmark-tasked MTL reduces source-language phone error rate by 2.9% relative, and reduces target-language word error rate by 1.9%-5.9% depending on the amount of target-language training data. These results suggest that landmark-tasked MTL causes the DNN to learn hidden-node features that are useful for cross-lingual adaptation.
Cuckoo Migration: Self Migration on JointCloud Using New Hardware Features

Abstract—With the growing number of cloud providers and the increasing market of cloud computing, it’s more and more necessary to realize the cooperation and aggregation of clouds. JointCloud is a framework aiming at facilitating the consociation of various clouds on the market. And the JointCloud Collaboration Environment (JCCE) is the ideal environment for global cloud providers. To realize the clouds cooperation, migration is one of the most important issues that have to be considered. Live migration has always been one of the major primitive operations of virtualization and has been discussed for long. Traditional works deal the migration mainly by using a host-driven migration method, the majority work of which is dominated by the hypervisor. However, as the age of cloud aggregation comes, traditional methods show their defects. In cloud aggregation environment, cloud providers may refuse to supply the migration service to grasp their customers, or the hypervisors are heterogeneous on the two sides of migration. Those problems raise challenges to traditional host-driven methods. In this paper, we propose Cuckoo Migration, a new self- migration method using Intel new hardware feature. We leverage a special processor function, VMFUNC, to create a two-EPT architecture for the guest VM, so that the guest has a mirror memory space, which can be used as the duplication of memory. This paper mainly introduces how we build a two-EPT architecture for the guest and discusses how we leverage such architecture to do our self-migration.
Histological and immunohistochemical study of hepatoblastoma: correlation with tumour behaviour and survival.

Background Hepatoblastoma (HB) has different histological subtypes, with varying prognosis. Though the survival has drastically improved, subsets of patients are not responsive to therapy. Therefore, it becomes important to determine the factors which affect the behaviour of the tumour. This study was aimed to look at the histopathological subtypes and compare with immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of CK19, beta-catenin and EpCAM and survival. Methods This study included 55 cases of HB. IHC expression of CK19, beta-catenin and EpCAM were correlated with histological subtypes, tumour behaviour, response to chemotherapy and survival. Results Most common epithelial subtype was fetal (43.2%) and mixed epithelial (54.8%) in pre- and post-chemotherapy groups respectively. Microvascular invasion (MVI) was present in 14/33 resected tumours. CK19 expression was seen in 54.2% and 72.2% of embryonal subtype, nuclear beta-catenin expression in 48.7% and 57.1% and EpCAM in 100% and 82.1% of tumours in pre- and post-chemotherapy groups, respectively. Fetal subtype had a lesser chance of MVI, recurrence, metastasis and death. Beta-catenin expression was associated with lower event free survival (EFS) and EpCAM with ≥50% viable tumour following chemotherapy (P=0.04). Age at diagnosis ≤2 years, male sex, alpha-fetoprotein <10,000 IU/mL following chemotherapy, solitary tumour (P=0.001), size ≤5 cm, pretreatment extent of disease (PRETEXT) I&II, mitosis ≤2/10 high power fields (hpf), viable tumour <50% (P=0.04) and absent nuclear expression of beta-catenin, predicted a higher EFS rate. Conclusions Beta-catenin expression is associated with lower EFS and EpCAM expression with tumour viability. Multifocality and viable tumour ≥50% were significant factors predicting lower EFS. These factors should be included in the prognostication of HBs.
Conflict Transformation the Estonian Way: The Estonian-Russian Border Conflict, European Integration and Shifts in Discursive Representation of the "Other"

This article explores the scope and character of the transformation of conflictive relations between Estonia and Russia that has taken place over the past decade in the context of the EU's latest round of enlargement. Examining the allegation regarding the pacifying nature of European integration, I assess the contribution of various "pathways of EU influence" (Diez et al., 2004, 2006) to the shifts in the construction of identity and otherness in Estonian-Russian relations, based on the analysis of (de-) securitising moves as well as references to the EU as a legitimising factor of attitudinal change in elite and public discourses. Focusing primarily on Estonia as one of the new EU member states, I demonstrate that despite some evidence of de-securitisation of the Russian "other" in Estonian elite and public discourses, this transformation has remained limited and uneven and cannot be unequivocally attributed to the effects of European integration. While the construction of Estonia's political identity is still heavily dependent upon a conflictive image of Russia, a large portion of public discourses advocating a more tolerant and secure identity construction vis-a-vis Russia "compensate" for this by a latent antagonism towards Estonian politics with an admixture of Euroscepticism.
Medically managed coronary artery aneurysm without concomitant stenosis

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are relatively rare with an incidence varying from 1.4% to 5.3% of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Studies suggest that management of CAA can be guided by the absence or presence of significant coronary artery stenosis, with most concluding that CAA associated with stenosis of ≥70% should be managed surgically or with percutaneous intervention. However, given the paucity of cases described in the literature and lack of randomised control trials, no consensus exists on the natural history, prognosis or management of CAAs without significant concomitant stenosis. We present a case of medically managed atherosclerotic CAA without significant stenosis that was found to no longer be present on coronary angiography performed 11 years after initial diagnosis.
Complications following primary and revision transsphenoidal surgeries for pituitary tumors

This study aimed to determine the incidence of major complications following both primary and revision transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Major complications included endocrinopathic, skull base, orbital, hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications, respiratory failure, and death. Secondarily, this study aimed to examine factors associated with the occurrence of complications.
A cross‐sectional study on experiences of young adult carers compared to young adult noncarers: parentification, coping and resilience

BACKGROUND Most young carer studies on parentification, resilience and coping concentrated on child carers up to age 18 years, whereas the group of young adult caregivers (18-24 years) has been neglected. In our study, we focused on these young adult caregivers, who are in a life phase in which young people usually are distancing themselves from their families and are striving for autonomy and freedom. AIM To explore young adult carers' perceptions of parentification, resilience and coping compared to young adult noncarers. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS In 2014/2015, data were collected on 297 healthcare students from a school for vocational education and a university in the Netherlands. A fully structured questionnaire was used. Young adult carers were compared with young adult noncarers on parentification, resilience and coping. RESULTS Fifty-six students identified themselves as a carer: 40 vocational education students and 16 university students. Carers scored significantly higher than noncarers on three out of six parentification dimensions. No differences were found for resilience and problem-focused coping behaviour, whereas results for emotion-focused coping demonstrated a higher score for the carers compared to the noncarers. CONCLUSION Although it is important to take care of the needs of all young carers, special attention should be given to those who are at the start of their adult lives, undergoing extensive changes and taking major decisions on study and career issues. Home-care professionals and school counsellors should be able to recognise this group and their needs and activate support from specialised services and significant others.
The Affordances of Mobile-App Supported Teacher Observations for Peer Feedback

Mobile technologies offer new affordances for teacher observation in teacher education programs, albeit under-examined in contrast to video technologies. The purpose of this article is to investigate the integration of mobile technologies into teacher observation. Using a case study method, the authors compare the traditional narrative paper-pen, mobile app-supported, and video observation methods. Participants included 2 experienced teachers of English as a Foreign Language who were selected as the observers and observees in a higher education institutional context. The data was collected in three different teaching sessions over 4 weeks. Data sources included lesson observation notes and semi structured interviews conducted with teachers after each session. Results suggest recommendations for the integration of mobile and video based observation tools into teacher professional development programs, pre-service and in-service teacher education programs, as well as teacher certificate programs.
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Media on Growth of African Sandal Wood ( Baphianitida L . )

An experiment was conducted in the screen house of the Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria in 2013 to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and potting media on the growth of African sandal wood (Baphianitida L.). The experimental design was a 3 x 4 factorial laid out in completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments comprised three poultry manure rates (0, 3 and 6 v/v containing rice hull and riversand in the ratio of 9 :1, 6 :1 and 3: 1) and four nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100 and 150mg/l N). The treatments were replicated five times with each replication having 20 pots that gave a total 60 experimental pots. Semi – hard wood cuttings of African sandal wood which measured 20cm were planted two per pot into 8litre pots and the pots were irrigated daily with water while dilute solution of nitrogen fertilizer was applied twice weekly with the irrigation water. Measurements taken were plant height, plant canopy width, number of leaves, number of branches, shoot dry weight and root dry weight. The results indicated that nitrogen had significant (p = 0.05) effect on plant canopy width. Plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, shoot dry weight and root dry weight recorded non – significant difference in nitrogen and media treatments. The tallest plants (21.4 cm),widest plant canopy (27.12cm), highest number of leaves (10.82), highest number of branches (4.77) and shoot dry weight (5.50g) were obtained at 50mg/l N. The medium which had no poultry manure(9:1:0 medium) produced the tallest plants (20.73cm), highest plant canopy width (25.92cm), number of leaves (9.77), shoot dry weight (4.97g) and root dry weight (0.67g) while highest number of branches was obtained in 6:1:3 medium. The medium that had the highest ratio of poultry manure (3: 1: 6 medium) consistently recorded least values in all the measurements taken.
Psychological effects of belonging to a Facebook weight management group in overweight and obese adults: Results of a randomised controlled trial

This study was conducted to test whether the weight outcomes in an online social networking group were mediated by changes to psychological outcome measures in overweight and obese individuals, following a weight management programme delivered via Facebook. The data analysed in this study were collected during a three-armed, randomised, controlled clinical weight management trial conducted with overweight and obese adults over 24 weeks. Two intervention groups were given the same weight management programme: one within a Facebook group, along with peer support from other group members (the Facebook Group); the other group received the same programme in a pamphlet (the Pamphlet Group). A Control Group was given standard care. The primary outcome was weight; secondary outcomes included the following domains from self-reported questionnaires: energy intake and expenditure; psychological health, social relationships, physical health, quality of life, depression, anxiety, stress, health anxiety, happiness, as well as Facebook Group participants' opinion of this group. The Facebook Group experienced a reduction in their baseline weight measurement by week 24, significantly compared to the Control Group (p = .016). The Facebook Group recorded a significant increase in the psychological health domain during the trial (at week 12) relative to their baseline measurement, and significant compared to the Control Group (p = .022). Mediation analysis indicated a statistical trend, but not statistical significance, for psychological health as a mediator to weight loss in the Facebook Group. While both intervention groups showed significant changes in psychological outcome measures, the Facebook Group was the only group to experience statistically significant weight loss by the end of the 24 weeks. Therefore, an examination of other psychological and/or behavioural outcome measures undertaken in larger studies in the future may help to identify significant mediators to improved weight loss outcomes in online social networking groups.