Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth and the Poorest: A Panel Data Analysis for Uganda

This paper looks at the relationship between growth and the poorest based on a panel data set – where the same household is surveyed at more than one point in time. It examines the extent to which the poorest are able to participate in growth using a panel data set of more than 1000 households covering the 1990s, and looking at income and non-income measures of wellbeing. In brief the results suggest considerable mobility over time in terms of income measures of wellbeing, but somewhat less in terms of the non-income measures considered here.
Investigating factors determining the use of the clinical care module by nurses through the UTAUT model

The Eighth International Conference on eHealth, Telemedicine, and Social Medicine, eTELEMED 2016, Venice, Italy, April 24 - 28, 2016. Due to copyright restrictions, the attached PDF file only contains the abstract of the full text item. For access to the full text item, please consult the publisher's website
Design of a Pipeline Leakage Detection System

Pipeline leakage has both economical and environmental effect. This research work is aimed at the design of a pipeline leakage detection system. In this research work, pressure analysis and K-epsilon turbulence model is one of the common turbulence models used by star CCM+ in resolving fluid flow and is used in this simulation. The parameters used were velocity of fluid (crude oil and gas) and pressure. Different velocities (5m/s, 20m/s, etc.) were used to determined increase or drop pressure. The results from the research work show that excessive drop in pressure is as a result of pipeline leakage and this is mostly likely to occur at the highest bent in the pipeline.
The LANDFIRE Refresh Strategy: Updating the National Dataset

The LANDFIRE Program provides comprehensive vegetation and fuel datasets for the entire United States. As with many large-scale ecological datasets, vegetation and landscape conditions must be updated periodically to account for disturbances, growth, and natural succession. The LANDFIRE Refresh effort was the first attempt to consistently update these products nationwide. It incorporated a combination of specific systematic improvements to the original LANDFIRE National data, remote sensing based disturbance detection methods, field collected disturbance information, vegetation growth and succession modeling, and vegetation transition processes. This resulted in the creation of two complete datasets for all 50 states: LANDFIRE Refresh 2001, which includes the systematic improvements, and LANDFIRE Refresh 2008, which includes the disturbance and succession updates to the vegetation and fuel data. The new datasets are comparable for studying landscape changes in vegetation type and structure over a decadal period, and provide the most recent characterization of fuel conditions across the country. The applicability of the new layers is discussed and the effects of using the new fuel datasets are demonstrated through a fire behavior modeling exercise using the 2011 Wallow Fire in eastern Arizona as an example.ResumenEl programa LANDFIRE proporciona datos detallados sobre vegetación y cargas de combustibles en todos los EUA. Como suele ser necesario en las bases de datos ecológicas, las condiciones del paisaje y la vegetación deben de ser actualizadas periódicamente para incorporar perturbaciones, crecimiento y sucesión natural. El programa LANDFIRE Refresh ha sido pionero en la actualización de estos productos a nivel nacional. Incorporó una combinación de mejoras específicas sistemáticas a los datos del programa LANDFIRE a nivel nacional, métodos de detección por satélite de perturbaciones, datos sobre perturbaciones con verificación en campo, modelizaciones de sucesión y crecimiento de vegetación y procesos de transición de la vegetación. Esto resultó en la creación de dos bases de datos completas para los 50 estados: LANDFIRE Refresh 2001, que incluye las mejoras sistemáticas y LANDFIRE Refresh 2008, que incluye la actualización de los datos sobre perturbaciones y sucesión a los datos de vegetación y combustibles. Estos conjuntos de datos nuevos son comparables y permiten el estudio de los cambios de la vegetación y su estructura para periodos de una década, y ofrecen la caracterización más reciente a nivel nacional sobre cargas de combustibles. Se presenta la aplicabilidad de las nuevas capas, y se demuestran los efectos de la utilización de las bases de datos sobre combustibles a través de una demostración mediante un ejercicio de modelización de comportamiento del fuego basado en el ejemplo del incendio Wallow, ocurrido en el este de Arizona en el año 2011.
Policies to Eliminate Poverty Rate in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the poverty rate in Indonesia in the period of 1981-2013. This research uses Error Correction Model to estimate the empirical poverty model. The findings may be explained as follows: Economic growth does not influence the poverty reduction; meanwhile inflation has a significant positive effect on the poverty level. Foreign direct investment as an indicator of economy openness has a negative impact on the poverty. In addition, Gini ratio as an income equality measurement has no significant influence on the poverty level. These findings show that the poverty level depends on macroeconomic instability especially price level. Higher inflation rate leads to higher rate of poverty in the country. Furthermore, the central government should keep the monetary sector using tight monetary policy to eliminate the poverty level. Keywords: Gross Domestic Product, investment, inflation, Gini ratio, poverty. JEL Classifications: E01, E31, I32
Examining the Relationship Between Students' Levels of Perfectionism and Their Achievements in English Learning

Individual variables in foreign language learning have received considerableattention in foreign language learning research in recent years. However, little research exists that has investigated the relationship between students’ levels of perfectionism and their achievements in the foreign language learning classroom settings. To bridge this gap, this study aims to answer whether there is a significant relationship between student’s levels of perfectionism and their English achievement. The population of this study is defined as all third grade students (N=239, 110 males and 129 females) who learn English in the public schools of ministry of education in a small city in the Northern Khorasan. All these students participated in the study, so the sample size includes the whole population. Participants' scores on their levels of perfectionism were measured by a questionnaire and their scores of the final English exam were also used as the measure of their English achievements. The results indicated that there isn’t any significant relationship between students’ levels of perfectionism and their achievement (F = .515, p > .05); although an association between perfectionism and academic achievement has been found in a number of previous studies, perfectionism was not proved to be of great significance in the EFL learning process in the current study. At the end, some implications for both teachers and learners, and suggestions for future research are provided.
Environmental Awareness of the Young in a Rural Community in the Sierra Tarahumara, Chihuahua, Mexico

With the aim at exploring the environmental awareness of the young sector in a predominantly indigenous community, fifty structured street interviews were applied to young individuals, aged 14 to 21, attending schools at Turuachi, a distant undeveloped rural community in the Sierra Tarahumara, in the State of Chihuahua, Northern Mexico. The data were analyzed by the software SPSS® (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Most of the interviewees showed a good knowledge of basic ecology concepts. However, their perception of environmental problems appeared to be more influenced by everyday experiences. Despite forest being a major natural resource in the area, the group studied viewed cropping as the main economic activity. The main environmental problem was garbage pollution followed by deforestation and drought. The Chi 2 test showed that women had a stronger perception than men about the garbage issue (p<0.057) and a clear disposition (p<0.001) to participate in municipal cleaning campaigns. Nearly all the participants were willing to engage in activities to preserve environmental quality; community action and specific workshops were selected as viable organization alternatives.
Better in the dark: two Mediterranean amphibians synchronize reproduction with moonlit nights

Abstract. In Amphibians, both positive and negative correlations between activity and full moon phase have been observed. In this study, we present data for two anuran species (Hyla intermedia and Rana dalmatina) studied in a hilly Mediterranean area of central Italy. We analysed, in a two-year survey, the relationships between the number of egg clutches laid each night and the moon phases by means of circular statistics. Moreover, the studied species exhibited clear oviposition site selection behaviour influenced, at least in H. intermedia, by moon phases. We observed the occurrence of an avoidance effect by amphibians for oviposition and specific egg-laying behaviour during moon phases around the full moon. This apparent lunar phobia was evident in both species when yearly data were pooled. On the other hand, while this pattern continued to be also evident in H. intermedia when single years were considered, in R. dalmatina it stood just in one year of study. Nonetheless, during cloudy nights, when moonlight arriving on the ground was low, the frogs' behaviour was similar to that observed in new moon phases. We interpreted the observed pattern as an anti-predatory strategy. Overall, comparisons between our own study and previous research suggest that there was insufficient evidence to establish any unequivocal patterns and that further research in this regard is needed.
Impact of City Image, Event Fit, and Word-of-Mouth Attempt Through the Host City of an International Sporting Event

This study develops a structure of host city image, verifies the backgrounds and consequences of host city image, and predicts spectators’ positive word-of-mouth (WOM) attempt through the host city via structural equation modeling. A descriptive methodology was used with the cooperation of the local city government; questionnaires were distributed to spectators of the 30th Iran International Cycling Tour (Tour de Urmia) in Iran. Convenience sampling was utilized, and 280 usable questionnaires were obtained. First, the results produced a city image scale comprised of six factors and 21 items with reliability and validity. This scale incorporates the sports image into the city image to enable a comparison between the sports image and other city images, which is original to this paper. Second, the results indicated that affect toward the event (ATE) was a background variable to city image, image fit, and WOM attempt as a consequent variable. Third, the theoretical model could predict positive WOM attempt through the host city with a 23% explanatory rate. The host city of Tabriz provides evidence about the role of ATE, city image, and image fit, which is an important new contribution, as few studies have focused on city image or image fit.
EBSD analysis of subgrain boundaries and dislocation slip systems in Antarctic and Greenland ice

Abstract. Ice has a very high plastic anisotropy with easy dislocation glide on basal planes, while glide on non-basal planes is much harder. Basal glide involves dislocations with the Burgers vector b = 〈a〉, while glide on non-basal planes can involve dislocations with b = 〈a〉, b = [c], and b = 〈c + a〉. During the natural ductile flow of polar ice sheets, most of the deformation is expected to occur by basal slip accommodated by other processes, including non-basal slip and grain boundary processes. However, the importance of different accommodating processes is controversial. The recent application of micro-diffraction analysis methods to ice, such as X-ray Laue diffraction and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), has demonstrated that subgrain boundaries indicative of non-basal slip are present in naturally deformed ice, although so far the available data sets are limited. In this study we present an analysis of a large number of subgrain boundaries in ice core samples from one depth level from two deep ice cores from Antarctica (EPICA-DML deep ice core at 656 m of depth) and Greenland (NEEM deep ice core at 719 m of depth). EBSD provides information for the characterization of subgrain boundary types and on the dislocations that are likely to be present along the boundary. EBSD analyses, in combination with light microscopy measurements, are presented and interpreted in terms of the dislocation slip systems. The most common subgrain boundaries are indicative of basal 〈a〉 slip with an almost equal occurrence of subgrain boundaries indicative of prism [c] or 〈c + a〉 slip on prism and/or pyramidal planes. A few subgrain boundaries are indicative of prism 〈a〉 slip or slip of 〈a〉 screw dislocations on the basal plane. In addition to these classical polygonization processes that involve the recovery of dislocations into boundaries, alternative mechanisms are discussed for the formation of subgrain boundaries that are not related to the crystallography of the host grain. The finding that subgrain boundaries indicative of non-basal slip are as frequent as those indicating basal slip is surprising. Our evidence of frequent non-basal slip in naturally deformed polar ice core samples has important implications for discussions on ice about plasticity descriptions, rate-controlling processes which accommodate basal glide, and anisotropic ice flow descriptions of large ice masses with the wider perspective of sea level evolution.
Development, characterization and first deployment of an improved online reactive oxygen species analyzer

Abstract. Inhalation of atmospheric particles is linked to human diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in these atmospheric aerosols may play an important role. However, the ROS content in aerosols and their formation pathways are still largely unknown. Here, we have developed an online and offline ROS analyzer using a 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) based assay. The ROS analyzer was calibrated with H2O2 and its sensitivity was characterized using a suite of model organic compounds. The instrument detection limit determined as 3 times the noise is 1.3 nmol L−1 for offline analysis and 2 nmol m−3 of sampled air when the instrument is operated online at a fluorescence response time of approximately 8 min, while the offline method detection limit is 18 nmol L−1. Potential interferences from gas-phase O3 and NO2 as well as matrix effects of particulate SO42− and NO3− were tested, but not observed. Fe3+ had no influence on the ROS signal, while soluble Fe2+ reduced it if present at high concentrations in the extracts. Both online and offline methods were applied to identify the ROS content of different aerosol types, i.e., ambient aerosols as well as fresh and aged aerosols from wood combustion emissions. The stability of the ROS was assessed by comparing the ROS concentration measured by the same instrumentation online in situ with offline measurements. We also analyzed the evolution of ROS in specific samples by conducting the analysis after storage times of up to 4 months. The ROS were observed to decay with increasing storage duration. From their decay behavior, ROS in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can be separated into short- and long-lived fractions. The half-life of the short-lived fraction was 1.7 ± 0.4 h, while the half-life of the long-lived fraction could not be determined with our uncertainties. All these measurements showed consistently that on average 60 ± 20 % of the ROS were very reactive and disappeared during the filter storage time. This demonstrates the importance of a fast online measurement of ROS.
Exemplar Based Non-parametric BRDFs

Realistic rendering of computer modeled three dimensional surfaces typically involves building a parameterized model of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of the desired surface material. We present a technique to render these surfaces with proper illumination and material properties using only a photograph of a sphere of the desired material under desired lighting conditions. Capitalizing on the fact that the geometry of the material in the photograph is known, we sample pixels of the sphere’s reflectance to create photo-realistic renderings of computer models with the same material properties. The reflectance is sampled using texture synthesis techniques that compensate for the fact that very little of the BRDF observed in the photograph is known. The technique uses the limited observations of the function to create a plausible realistic rendering of the surface that can be composited onto a background
Health Literacy Is an Independent Predictor of Cancer Patients' Hospitalizations

Background: Lower levels of health literacy predict higher hospitalization rates. Hospitalization is expensive and many admissions are potentially avoidable. Research examining the relationship between health literacy and health outcomes for cancer patients is limited, and no published studies to date have focused on hospitalization and health literacy in cancer patients. Objective: This study examined the ability of health literacy to predict hospitalization of cancer patients. Methods: This secondary data analysis investigated the relationship between health literacy and hospitalization rates of adult cancer patients in the first 5 years after their diagnosis. The sample included a diverse selection of cancer diagnoses and all stages of cancer were represented. Health literacy was assessed using the Cancer Health Literacy Test 30 (CHLT-30), a psychometrically sound measure of health literacy validated in a cancer patient population. Health literacy's ability to predict the number of times hospitalized, total days spent hospitalized, and number of 30-day readmissions was examined using multivariate negative binomial multiple regression to control for the outcomes and potentially confounding variables. Key Results: When controlling for potentially confounding variables, a negative relationship was found between health literacy and the number of inpatient hospitalizations (β = −0.041, p = .009) and the total number of days spent hospitalized (β = −0.028, p = .023) independently, whereas the relationship between health literacy and the number of 30-day readmissions failed to reach significance (β = −0.002, p = .903). Conclusions: Patients with lower health literacy need additional assistance to avoid unplanned hospitalizations. [Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2017;1(4):e153–e162. ] Plain Language Summary: Results from this study found that as cancer patients' health literacy scores decreased, the number of times hospitalized and the total number of days spent in the hospital increased. This relationship was significant when controlling for diagnosis, stage at diagnosis, receipt of chemotherapy, number of comorbidities, death, education, and race. Cancer patients with low health literacy are at a higher risk of being hospitalized.
Wine Price Risk Management: International Diversification and Derivative Instruments

Variations in fine wine prices can be prominent and have widespread economic and financial implications. Although fine wine investments are dominated by French wines, we demonstrate that significant international diversification benefits exist for investors in Italian, Australian and Portuguese fine wines. This is important since we also find that diversification across varieties of French wine is not likely to be that effective. We propose the development of futures and options contracts on standardized wine price indices in order to enhance market completeness and to address the risk management needs of all market participants. Several popular continuous time processes are used to approximate empirically the dynamics of four fine wine price indices. On the basis of our results, we recommend appropriate equilibrium models for pricing fine wine futures and option contracts.
Effect of whey protein concentrate on quality and shelf life of buffalo meat emulsion sausage

Incorporation of whey protein concentrate (WPC) at a level of 1, 2, 3 and 4% in buffalo meat was investigated for production, quality characteristic and shelf life of buffalo meat emulsion sausage (ES). Quality of emulsion sausage was evaluated in terms physicochemical characteristics like moisture content, pH, protein content, water holding capacity (WHC), Extract release volume (ERV), microbiological characteristics like total plat count (TPC) and Yeast and mold count (Y&M), Coliform count, and sensory characteristic including instrumental colour measurement. It was found that moisture content, ERV, pH and WHC were significantly (P<0.05) decreased of emulsion sausage in period of storage at 0o C as result of incorporation of 1-4% of WPC. But protein content significantly (P<0.05) increased in period of refrigerate storage. TPC, Y&M and Coliform count of emulsion sausage were found in range of 7.11-7.39 log cfu/g, 3.34-3.86 log cfu/g and 2.25-2.54 log cfu/g respectively. Emulsion sausage incorporated with whey protein concentrate was acceptable to the panelist. The numerical value of 'L' for the samples in 25 th days of storage condition found in the
Investigating Human Visual Sensitivity to Binocular Motion-in-Depth for Anti- and De-Correlated Random-Dot Stimuli

Motion-in-depth can be detected by using two different types of binocular cues: change of disparity (CD) and inter-ocular velocity differences (IOVD). To investigate the underlying detection mechanisms, stimuli can be constructed that isolate these cues or contain both (FULL cue). Two different methods to isolate the IOVD cue can be employed: anti-correlated (aIOVD) and de-correlated (dIOVD) motion signals. While both types of stimuli have been used in studies investigating the perception of motion-in-depth, for the first time, we explore whether both stimuli isolate the same mechanism and how they differ in their relative efficacy. Here, we set out to directly compare aIOVD and dIOVD sensitivity by measuring motion coherence thresholds. In accordance with previous results by Czuba et al. (2010), we found that motion coherence thresholds were similar for aIOVD and FULL cue stimuli for most participants. Thresholds for dIOVD stimuli, however, differed consistently from thresholds for the two other cues, suggesting that aIOVD and dIOVD stimuli could be driving different visual mechanisms.
THE KNOWLEDGE BASED BIO-ECONOMY AT WORK: FROM LARGE SCALE EXPERIENCES TO INSTRUMENTS FOR RURAL AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT

The new bio-economy is increasingly seen as a workable alternative to move today's economies in the direction of more sustainable natural resource use and economic growth. Most of existing experiences, both from science as well as from implementation of the Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE) concepts, refer to relatively strong science basis and relatively large scales of application. This paper proposes to review existing advances in the implementation of the KBBE in small scale situations and identify what the key research, institutional and policy issues that need to be taken into account to further promote KBBE approaches to rural and local development. As such, the analytical approach used includes an extensive literature review in the form of a desk study, followed by a comparative analysis and the formulation of recommendations regarding S&T and policy agendas.