Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid profiles changes induced by swimming combined trainingin academic level athlete's women

Sedentary lifestyles, obesity, diabetes and Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) have been considered as important factors in the start of the 3rd millennium. Increment of age & gender related risk factors such as lipids and lipoproteins disorder, diabetes and obesity accompanied by decrement of physical activity levels in sedentary females. Creating an active lifestyle with regular exercise training is the best prevention of lipids and lipoproteins disorder, obesity, diabetes, CAD and its risk factors. The results of previous study indicated that long-term exercise training has beneficial effects on serum concentration of TC, TG, LDL_C, and HDL_C. There was few study executed considering swimming combined training included aerobic and anaerobic swimming effects on these lipid profiles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was determined and compared of effects of 8 weeks swimming combined training on lipid profiles in academic level athlete's women. Whether, the 8 weeks swimming combined training included aerobic and anaerobic swimming have any effects on serum concentration of TC, TG, LDL_C, and HDL_C in academic level athlete's women? The purpose of this semi quasi study was determined and compared of the effects of swimming combined training included aerobic and anaerobic swimming on lipid profiles in academic level athlete's women. 20 subjects randomly selected from 30 volunteered healthy academic level athlete's women (20-25 years) based on physical activity rating questionnaire in Islamshahr branch of Islamic Azad University (Tehran, Iran). These subjects randomly divided in Exercise (n=10) and Control (n=10) groups. Training program was performed for 8 weeks, 2 days/week and 60 min/ days. Training program was started at 55% of Heart Rates Reserve (HRR) at the beginning and 85% of HRR at last weeks. Subjects eating habits and other daily physical activity in groups didn’t change. Fasting blood sample was taken for measuring serum concentration of TC, TG, LDL_C and HDL_C with ELISA method (Pars Azmoon kits, Iran) after 9 to 12 hours of fasting, 7-8 am, from left Antecubital vein at medical diagnosis laboratory. Lipid profiles means compared with two-tailed independent and paired samples t test between and within the exercise and control groups, respectively. Significant levels of all tests were P≤0.05. Mean differences of serum TC, TG, and LDL_C concentrations between groups in post tests, and mean differences of TC, TG and LDL_C in pre and post tests of exercise group were not significant. Mean differences of HDL_C between groups in post test and mean differences of HDL_C in pre and post tests of exercise group were significant (p ≤ 0.001**). Swimming combined training included aerobic and anaerobic swimming have beneficial effects on serum concentration of HDL_C in academic level athlete's women; but were not significant effects on TC, TG and LDL_C. Therefore, more studies need to be done to show the optimum levels of intensity, duration and type of swimming combined training for desirable effects on these lipid profiles levels.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF GRUNT FIN (GF) CELLS TREATED WITH RED SEA BREAM IRIDOVIRUS (RSIV; family Iridoviridae, genus Megalocytivirus) IN COMBINATIONS WITH INTERFERONS AND SPLENIC SUBSTANCES

The genus Megalocytivirus in the family of Iridoviridae encompasses isolate of red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV). In the present study, grunt fin (GF) cells were treated with red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) in combinations with interferons (IFNs) and splenic substances. The viral titer in the combination with primary splenic substance was higher than the other combinations of 10-1 and 10-2 diluted splenic substances, and the positive control. The viral titer was not decreased by all combinations with recombinant murine interferon-α (rMuIFN-α), recombinant murine IFN-β (rMuIFN-β), and recombinant feline interferon-ω (rFeIFN-ω). Electron microscopy revealed inclusion body bearing cells (IBCs) and enlarged cells allowing virus propagation within the intracytoplasmic virus assembly site (VAS). Most were enlarged cells. These enlarged cells were divided into three cell types. Cells of Type II, which contained many mature virions within the VAS, were numerous in number in all treated cells. Cells of Type I allowing assembly of few virions and cells of Type III containing many immature viral particles were rather fewer in number. Their percentage was almost the same in all combinations with the splenic substances and IFNs. These results determined in in vitro treatment with IFNs did not prevent viral replication of RSIV, as well as the splenic substances which were derived from the RSIV-infected spleen of red sea bream did not contain any factors to disturb RSIV replication.
The Effect of Salicylic Acid and Potassium on Some Characteristics Nut and Physiological Parameters of Pistachio Trees Cv .

The effect of three salicylic acid (0, 50 and 100 mg l) and K2SO4 (0, 0.1 and 0.2 %) levels on some characteristics nut and physiological parameters of pistachio trees cv. ‘Owhadi’ were investigated. Treatments were applied at endospermic growth stage of seed and cotyledons appearance. The results showed that potassium increase yield, splitting percentage; nut fresh mass and kernel dry mass and decrease blank percentage whereas the application of salicylic acid was unaffected on splitting percentage and decrease blank percentage. Simultaneous application of salicylic acid and potassium increase K and Zn concentrations of leaves.
Problems of Majority Voting

GORDON TULLOCK University of South Carolina E CONOMISTS have devoted a great deal of thought to problems of governmental policy and, in particular, to the question of proper allocation of resources between the public and private sectors. ' On the other hand, little attention has been given to the actual process of decision-making or to the type of policy likely to come out of the 2 process. It is the purpose of this article to discuss one particular method of making governmental decisions-majority voting-and to attempt to derive conclusions about its implications for resource allocation and government policy. It is hoped that the conclusions will be more realistic than current doctrine, which is based on an essentially economic view of what "ought" to happen. Since it is impossible to talk about everything at once, the demonstration will be confined to certain features of the majority process. A number of other serious problems raised by the voting system will be disregarded. The most important of these concerns a series of difficulties and paradoxes in the voting process itself.3 I will also disregard the
The influence of islamic ethical return, investment and firm value

Interest of investors in investing in the stock market is to get a rate of returnas an element of revenue. Given this background, this study was to determine the influence of ethical islamic return on investment and the value of the company, as well as the effect of the investment on firm value. The research was conducted on companies listed in the Jakarta Islamic Index for the period 2012-2015. The results showed an increase in income of non-kosher will lower interest of investors to invest, increase the amount of revenue non-kosher will lower the value of the company, an increase in the deviation of investment according to Islamic principles have a negative significant effect to company value, and increasing the amount of income halal through investments based on the principle -prinsip sharia will enhance shareholder value.
Influence of rhizobacteria in production and nutraceutical quality of tomato fruits under greenhouse conditions

An alternative in organic agriculture is the use of biofertilizers base rhizobacteria promoting plant growth and organic fertilizers “plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) by its acronym in English”. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the inoculation of PGPR (Bacillus sp., Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas lini), using two substrates: S1= compost + river sand + perlite, and S2= river sand and as witnesses both substrates without PGPR (total of eight treatments), on the yield and quality of tomato fruits produced in the greenhouse. The experimental design used was completely randomized with three repetitions in a factorial arrangement (2 × 4), where factors A and B were: a) substrates and b) PGPR. The results indicate that the substrate S1 increased the contents of SST, lycopene, total sugars, ascorbic acid and the percentage of citric acid in tomato fruits. The inoculation of the strain Bacillus sp. , Produced the highest contents of SST, lycopene and ascorbic acid in tomato fruits. Based on the set of responses in tomato fruits developed with different substrates and PGPR, the best treatment was T1 (Bacillus sp. + S1) which increased by 17.54, 8.77, 17.34, 31.31 and 11.52%, yield, contents of SST, lycopene, reducing sugars and ascorbic acid, respectively, in relation to the rest of the treatments. Therefore, the strain Bacillus sp. and the substrate base compost could be an alternative, because they improve the nutraceutical quality of fruits, without diminishing the yield of tomato in the greenhouse.
Causal Factors of Cryptorchidism and Endocrine Disurpting Chemicals Such as Prenatal Maternal Cigarette Smoke: A Narrative Review

Cryptorchidism is a male congenital disorder with an unspecified, multifactorial etiology. This review evaluated the strength of select factors in the development of cryptorchidism to better understand its etiology. The strength of relationship between factors and their respective functions during testicular descent was evaluated. Factors evaluated in the causal pathway include the signaling mechanisms Desert Hedgehog (DHH), Insulin-like Hormone 3 (INSL3) and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), as well as sex hormone regulation (androgen: estrogen ratio, aromatase expression). Articles supporting a factor in testicular descent were evaluated and scored. These scores were summed to create the “Step Score” for each step in the causal pathway. An arrow system was developed which ranked the strength of each pathway step as either “weak”, “moderate” or “strong”. Thus, step scores and the strength of factors in the pathological pathway were determined: DHH (15-moderate), PDGF (10-weak), INSL3 (24-strong) and Androgen: Estrogen ratio, Aromatase (23-strong). The pathological pathway produced by this review represents a literature based perspective of the research regarding cryptorchidism etiology. Literature indicates that prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in animals and humans may lead to abnormal genital development. Recently, prenatal maternal cigarette smoke was demonstrated to be a risk factor for cryptorchidism. This controversial finding was explored in the context of endocrine disrupting chemicals. However, literature has provided very little evidence in support of this hypothesis and more research is needed to better evaluate prenatal maternal smoking as a risk factor for undescended testis.
Effectiveness of Teaching Modules about Hand Hygieneon Staff Knowledge, Compliance and Controlling Health CareRelated Infection Rate

Background: Hand hygiene, defined as any kind of hand washing with water, soap, and alcohol hand rub, is considered as one of the cheapest and most effective methods to prevent the transmission of nosocomial infections in healthcare settings. Aim of this study: The aim of the present study is to determine the effectiveness teaching modules about hand hygiene on staff knowledge, compliance and controlling health care related infection rate. Research design: Quasi- experimental design was used in the present study. Setting: The study was conducted in general and special Surgical Departments at Mansoura University Hospitals. Sample: A sample of convenience of 100 staff nurses who met the inclusion criteria was included. Tools: a) socio-demographic data sheet, b) nurses knowledge regarding hand hygiene and, c) Compliance with hand washing observational checklist. Results:The result of this study indicates that most participants experienced changeknowledge about hand hygiene and improve compliance. Also there are reducing in infection rate after implementing the program. Significant association was found between age and knowledge (p- value =0.04)&knowledge and compliance ((p-value=0.01). among association between knowledge and compliance, significant association was found with work experience(r=0.011& r=0.263 respectively) Conclusion:This study concluded that hand hygiene educational program improve knowledge and practice and improve compliance and decrease infection rate afterimplementation of program. This study recommended: that continuing education programs are needed to increase awareness of hand hygiene in various risk groups in our country. Also replication of them study on a larger probability sample from different geographical areas should be done to achieve more generalizable results.
Direct dating of left‐lateral deformation along the Red River shear zone, China and Vietnam

[1] Exposures of high-grade, midcrustal rocks within the Red River shear zone (RRSZ), which separates the Indochina and South China blocks, exhibit clear evidence of left-lateral, ductile deformation. Assuming that the South China Sea represents a pull-apart basin formed at the southeastern termination of the RRSZ, it has been argued that seafloor magnetic anomalies constrain the timing of sinistral slip accommodated by the RRSZ between ∼32 and 17 Ma at a rate of ∼4 cm/yr. While 40Ar/39Ar thermochronometry indicates that left-lateral slip occurred along the RRSZ between 25 and 17 Ma, the timing of earlier high-temperature deformation has not been directly constrained. In situ Th-Pb ion microprobe dating of monazite inclusions in garnets allows direct assessment of the timing of amphibolite-grade metamorphism and synchronous left-lateral shearing. Results from northern segments of the RRSZ in Yunnan, China, indicate that synkinematic garnet growth occurred between 34 and 21 Ma and are the first to document late Oligocene metamorphism and left-lateral shearing. Data from the southern RRSZ within Vietnam are complicated by Tertiary overprinting of rocks that experienced amphibolite facies metamorphism during the Indosinian orogeny (∼220 Ma). The period during which sinistral deformation is now constrained to have occurred along the RRSZ (i.e., 34–17 Ma) is essentially coincident with spreading of the South China seafloor (32–17 Ma). This temporal and kinematic link between left-lateral shearing along the RRSZ and opening of the South China Sea supports the view that Indochina was extruded from Asia as a block along lithospheric-scale strike-slip faults.
Study on dynamics of ionome and nitrogen in plant and soil [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review]. 審査の要旨

Title Study on dynamics of ionome and nitrogen in plant and soil [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 褚, 清南 Citation 北海道大学. 博士(農学) 甲第12247号 Issue Date 2016-03-24 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/61907 Rights(URL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.1/jp/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Chu_Qingnan_review. pdf (審査の要旨)
Auditing phototherapy-related nursing care in neonatal general and intensive care units

A B S T R A C T Aims: Jaundice is among the most prevalent problems among neonates which can have toxic effects on the brain and cause serious complications. The commonest treatment for neonatal jaundice is phototherapy. Providing phototherapy by using clinical standards can enhance its effectiveness and safety, reduce its duration, shorten hospital stay, and minimize phototherapyrelated complications. The aim of this study was ‘to evaluate the accordance of phototherapy-related nursing care services with the current standards”. Methods: In this descriptive study, 120 phototherapy-related care delivery episodes were selected in 2013through time and event sampling and were observed and assessed by using a checklist. The checklist had been developed based on a literature review and the current standards. The validity of the checklist was established through content validity assessment and its reliability was confirmed by an inter-rater interclass correlation coefficient of 0.78. Study data were gathered through observing and documenting phototherapy-related care services provided in the neonatal care wards and neonatal intensive care units of four hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The data were reported by using the measures of descriptive statistics which had been calculated by using the SPSS21. Results: The accordance of phototherapy-related nursing care services with the current standards in the study setting was moderate (58.7%). Conclusions: Phototherapy-related care services are way below the standards. This can be related to factors such as care providers’ inattentiveness, educational shortcomings, inadequate clinical supervision, limited equipment and facilities, and nurses’ lack of knowledge about the importance and the outcomes of accurate phototherapy-related care services.
Accuracy of Orthodontic 3D Printed Retainers versus Thermoformed Retainers

Background: The integration of the current technology of CBCT and 3D CAD/CAM technology has great potential in the field of orthodontics, which is not yet fully investigated. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the accuracy of 3D printed retainers in comparison to vacuum formed retainers. Methods: Alginate impressions were taken for ten patients who have a CBCT scan. A 3D printed retainer and vacuum formed retainer were fabricated. Linear measure-ments were measured by two assessors using digital caliper. Every measure-ment on the 3D printed retainer was compared to the corresponding measure-ment on the thermoformed retainer. The linear measurements were Inter-canine width, Inter-premolar width (first and second premolars), Inter-molar width, Canine-midline length (both sides) and Canine-molar length (both sides). Intra-observer, and inter-observer reliability measurements were done. Results: Results showed excellent intra-observer reliability for the thermoformed retainer and the 3D printed retainer. Inter-observer measurements showed strong agreement between the measurements of the two assessors, for both retainers. The comparison of the thermoformed retainer to the 3D printed retainer showed high statistical agreement, except for the canine-molar on the right side, but with no clinical significance, p value of 0.038 and mean difference 0.19. Conclusions: The new method for fabricating a 3D printed retainer is accurate and reliable in comparison to the vacuum formed retainer (conventional method). CBCT proved to be efficient for fabrication of a custom made appliances.
Assessing Gaps and Strengthening Early Warning System to Manage Disasters in Cambodia

Many organizations and centers throughout the world are involved in providing early warning information in terms of hazard related issues. Most of them focus on storms and floods, drought, cyclones, etc. In order to reduce the impacts of these events, early warning systems play a vital role for preparedness, response and emergency management. Although early warning systems exist in different countries, they require monitoring and review from time to time to keep the systems updated. In this paper, we present an assessment of the gaps in existing early warning system in Cambodia so as to strengthen the system to make it more effective for disaster mitigation. The gap assessment was conducted from the national to the commune level through interviews and focus group discussions based on questionnaires developed for understanding the linkages within early warning systems as well as the linkages between national, provincial, district and commune committees for disaster management.
Describing non-industrial private forest ownership in Estonia: a qualitative approach

Private forestry and forest owners in Estonia have become more profound research subjects in the last decade. One of the most common research topics has been the identification of private forest owners’ (PFO) values and objectives. However, much of the existing studies rely on quantitative data which usually describes more active owners and owners whose forest property is larger than the average. Thus, the aim of the present study is to identify the management objectives and motives of non-industrial private forest owners using a qualitative approach – something that has been rarely used in forest owners’ research in Estonia. Eight forest owner interviews form the dataset, which is analysed in order to identify PFO forestry objectives and forest use. The results of our qualitative content analysis show, in principle, similar generalized forest owner types of motivations. However, the qualitative approach opens up these generalized types even more. Income motive goes beyond just continuous financial returns and means in many cases a sense of security. Forest ownership is closely linked with “home” interpretations. We conclude that qualitative methods in small-scale forestry research provide new insights to forest ownership and its meanings to private forest owners.
Cognitive Development of Fluent Word Reading Does Not Qualitatively Differ Between Transparent and Opaque Orthographies

Although the transparency of a writing system is hypothesized to systematically influence the cognitive skills associated with reading development results of cross language investigations are inconsistent and usually do not address this issue in a developmental context We therefore investigated the cognitive dynamics of reading fluency of different word types in Grades 1-4 in three orthographies differing in degree of transparency (Hungarian Dutch and Portuguese) The overall results showed that the relative strength of the contributions of phonological awareness and rapid naming to word reading fluency shifted as a function of reading expertise The contribution of phonological awareness remained significant in all grades but decreased as a function of grade whereas the contribution of rapid naming increased Orthographic depth systematically modulated the strength of the cognitive contributions to reading but not the overall developmental pattern Together these results indicate that the cognitive development of reading skill is fairly universal (at least for alphabetic scripts) and that differences in orthographic depth will not recruit different cognitive processes but will mainly be expressed in rate of reading development
Market Orientation Critical Success Factors of Malaysian Manufacturers and Its Impact on Financial Performance

The study examines critical success factors of market orientation in the context of Malaysian firms. Besides, the study also investigates the relationship between market orientation and financial performance. Malaysian manufacturing firms represent the sample of the study. Data was collected using mail questionnaire survey approach. One hundred and fifty eight Malaysian manufacturing organizations participated in this study. Results of this study indicated that there were five critical success factors of market orientation practices in the context of Malaysian manufacturing firms: market focus, market action, market planning, market feedback and market coordination. The results also revealed that market action and market planning were positively related to financial performance. The outcome of this study provides vital information from a developing country perspective on the impact of market orientation practices on manufacturing organisations’ performance.