Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey: submillimetre-selected blazars in equatorial fields

The Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) provides an unprecedented opportunity to search for blazars at sub-mm wavelengths. We cross-matched the FIRST radio source catalogue with the 11655 sources brighter than 35 mJy at 500{\mu}m in the \sim 135 square degrees of the sky covered by the H-ATLAS equatorial fields at 9 h and 15 h, plus half of the field at 12 h. We found that 379 of the H-ATLAS sources have a FIRST counterpart within 10 arcsec, including 8 catalogued blazars (plus one known blazar that was found at the edge of one the H-ATLAS maps). To search for additional blazar candidates we have devised new diagnostic diagrams and found that known blazars occupy a region of the log(S500{\mu}m/S350{\mu}m) vs. log(S500{\mu}m/S1.4GHz) plane separated from that of the other sub-mm sources with radio counterparts. Using this diagnostic we have selected 12 further candidates that turn out to be scattered in the (r-z) vs. (u-r) plane or in the WISE colour-colour diagram proposed by Massaro et al. (2012), where known blazars are concentrated in well defined strips. This suggests that the majority of them either are not blazars or have spectral energy distributions contaminated by their host galaxies. A significant fraction of true blazars are found to be hosted by star-forming galaxies. This finding, supported by an analysis of blazars detected in Planck 545 and 857 GHz bands, is at odds with the notion that blazar hosts are passive ellipticals and indicates that the sub-mm selection is providing a novel prospect on blazar properties. Based on an inspection of the available photometric data, including the WISE all-sky survey, the unpublished VIKING survey and new radio observations, we tentatively estimate that there are 11 blazars with synchrotron flux density S500{\mu}m > 35mJy over the considered area. This result already allows us to constrain blazar evolution models.
Samples of Anonymized Records (SARs) from the UK Censuses

The Samples of Anonymized Records (SARs) from the 1991 UK census have proved an outstanding achievement for social science research. Research based on the SARs has taken advantage of the large sample size, the detailed geography, the wide range of socio-demographic variables and the operational flexibility. A wide range of areas has been covered including sociology, human geography and public health. The new SARs from the 2001 UK census will provide an even richer source of information. The availability of the SARs from the two censuses will provide a unique opportunity for studying socio-economic cultural and demographic changes in the UK over the decade and for conducting international comparisons. This article reviews the data structure of the SARs, summarizes some of the most innovative and important findings using the 1991 SARs, and looks at the research potential of the 2001 SARs. The purpose of the article is to encourage even greater use of the SARs.
Crenarchaeol tracks winter blooms of ammonia‐oxidizing Thaumarchaeota in the coastal North Sea

We followed the abundance and distribution of ammonia‐oxidizing Archaea (AOA) in the North Sea from April 2003 to February 2005 and from October 2007 to March 2008 by quantification of archaeal genes and core glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) membrane lipids in suspended particulate matter, to determine whether their abundance in the North Sea is seasonal. GDGT and gene abundance increased during winters and was low during the summer. Crenarchaeol—a GDGT specific to AOA—was a major fraction of the GDGTs and varied in concert with AOA gene abundance, indicating that AOA are the predominant source of crenarchaeol. The presence of crenarchaeol‐based intact polar lipids (IPLs) confirmed that the GDGTs recovered were derived from living AOA, as IPLs are rapidly degraded upon cell senescence and thus their occurrence represents living biomass more robustly than their fossil (i.e., core GDGT) counterparts. Dark incubations of North Sea water sampled during the 2007–2008 seasonal cycle with 13C‐labeled bicarbonate revealed incorporation of inorganic carbon into IPL‐derived GDGTs, directly showing autotrophic production of Thaumarchaeota biomass during the winter. Inhibition of 13C uptake by nitrification inhibitors confirmed that ammonia oxidation was the main source of energy for carbon fixation. Winter blooms of planktonic AOA in the North Sea were recurrent and predictable, occurring annually between November and February, emphasizing the potential importance of AOA in nitrogen cycling in the North Sea.
Thermal expansion of nepheline ^ kalsilite crystalline solutions

Eleven nepheline–kalsilite crystalline solutions with various proportions of K:Na have been studied from room temperature to 1050/1150oC by X-ray powder diffraction. Nepheline expansion is relatively high and little affected by composition, whereas kalsilite expansion is lower but affected to a significant degree by K:Na ratio. The generally higher rate of expansion in nepheline is apparently related to the collapse of the tetrahedral framework around the smaller of its two alkali sites. Occupancy of these sites by the relatively small Na ion further extends the potential for thermal vibration before the structure is stretched to the critical degree required for phase transformation. Once the structure changes to that of kalsilite, with its single alkali site, an increase in content of the larger K ion limits the degree to which kalsilite can expand. Crucial to the overall expansion behaviour of these minerals are the specific tetrahedral configurations of nepheline vs. kalsilite, the number and geometry of their alkali sites, the occupancies of those sites, and the flexibility inherent in each structure that allows for adjustment with increasing temperature.
An Assessment of the River Water Quality Parameters: A case of Jamuna River

River water quality is a key concern as it is used for drinking and domestic purpose, irrigation and aquatic life including fish and fisheries. The Jamuna River is one of the most prominent central rivers in Bangladesh as well as it represents the tapestries line of our riverine country. The river can play a vital role to contribute social economic structure of development as a developing country like Bangladesh. The study was conducted to assess the physical and chemical water quality parameters of Jamuna River. The water samples were collected in plastic container of 2 liters capacity from five different geographic locations along the river in 2012-2013 during both dry and wet season. And 25 numbers of samples were collected from surface and 2 feet below from the surface of water at different selective sampling points. A number of physiochemical water quality parameters including Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Nitrate (NO2- and NO3-), Ammonia, Sulphates, Chlorides, and Calcium were measured in laboratory base analysis. The mean value of such respective parameters in both season were compared with the water quality standards as set by the EQS guideline, ADB, and the guideline of Department of Environment (DoE) in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i1. 22179 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(1): 249-256 2014
Neogene record of Antarctic Peninsula glaciation in continental rise sediments: ODP Leg 178, Site 1095

Site 1095 is the most distal of three continental rise sites drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 178. A long (600 m), near-continuous section extends from the Holocene down to nearly 10-Ma sediments, comprising fine-grained turbidites, hemipelagites, and muddy contourites. Meter-scale lithologic cyclicity is seen in sediment facies, physical properties, composition, and grain size in the upper 300 m of the section, representing 0–7 Ma. The diatom content of the sediments suggests sea ice was a significant limitation on productivity only during the Pleistocene. Fine grain size implies that bottom currents were never significantly stronger that at present during the last 7 m.y. The presence of ice-rafted debris implies the Antarctic Peninsula was not deglaciated for any significant period during the “warm Pliocene” (3.2–4.5 Ma). Intermittent supply of fine terrigenous sediment to the rise is consistent with published depositional models showing the ice sheet grounded to the shelf edge during glacial periods. At some times, particularly during the late Miocene, processes related to submarine channel switching and lobe progradation may have masked climatic control on deposition at this site.
Attachment Behavior With Mothers And Strangers In A Task-Oriented Situation: An Aqs Study With 14- To 20-Month-Old Bosnian Children

This study provides initial insights on the use of the Attachment Q-sort (AQS) for assessing young children's attachment quality in Bosnia & Herzegovina. We used the AQS technique to evaluate the quality of attachment in 31 mother-child dyads. The dyads were observed during home visits at the times children were aged 14, 16, 18, and 20 months. Additionally, at each visit, an object categorization task was used as a short gamelike activity between the child and the observer. The observer then instructed the mother to perform the same task with the child during the following week. Through this activity we observed the children's willingness to interact and cooperate with either a stranger or the mother in a task-oriented situation. Five out of 31 children had negative security scores and their behavior is described case-by-case. The object categorization task revealed differences in behavior towards both the mother and the observer between securely and insecurely attached children. As opposed to the secure children, insecure children tended to refuse cooperation with both the observer and the mother. Their mothers, on the other hand, either doubted their children’s willingness to cooperate, or refused to participate in the experiment. These findings provide a basis for further research of attachment in young children in the region, and offer new insights into the complex relationship between cognitive and emotional development in infancy. Limitations of the study are discussed in light of cross-cultural differences in the use of the AQS technique.
Functions of perturbed dissipative operators

We generalize our results of \cite{AP2} and \cite{AP3} to the case of maximal dissipative operators. We obtain sharp conditions on a function analytic in the upper half-plane to be operator Lipschitz. We also show that a H\"older function of order $\a$, $0<\a<1$, that is analytic in the upper half-plane must be operator H\"older of order $\a$. Then we generalize these results to higher order operator differences. We obtain sharp conditions for the existence of operator derivatives and express operator derivatives in terms of multiple operator integrals with respect to semi-spectral measures. Finally, we obtain sharp estimates in the case of perturbations of Schatten-von Neumann class $\bS_p$ and obtain analogs of all the results for commutators and quasicommutators. Note that the proofs in the case of dissipative operators are considerably more complicated than the proofs of the corresponding results for self-adjoint operators, unitary operators, and contractions that were obtained earlier in \cite{AP2}, \cite{AP3}, and \cite{Pe6}.
High-Resolution Raindrop Size Distribution Retrieval Based on the Doppler Spectrum in the Case of Slant Profiling Radar

Doppler spectra from vertically profiling radars are usually considered to retrieve the raindrop size distribution (DSD). However, to exploit both fall velocity spectrum and polarimetric measurements, Doppler spectra acquired in slant profiling mode should be explored. Rain DSD samples are obtained from simultaneously measured vertical and slant profile Doppler spectra and evaluated. In particular, the effect of the horizontal wind and the averaging time are investigated. The Doppler spectrum provides a way to retrieve the DSD, the radial wind, and a spectral broadening factor by means of a nonlinear optimization technique. For slant profiling of light rain when the horizontal wind is strong, the DSD results can be affected. Such an effect is demonstrated on a study case of stratiform light rain. Adding a wind profiler mode to the radar simultaneously supplies the horizontal wind and Doppler spectra. Before the retrieval procedure, the Doppler spectra are shifted in velocity to remove the mean horizontal wind contribution. The DSD results are considerably improved. Generally, averaged Doppler spectra are input into this type of algorithm. Instead, high-resolution, low-averaged Doppler spectra are chosen in order to take into account the small-scale variability of the rainfall. Investigating the linear relations at fixed median volume diameter, measured reflectivity-retrieved rainfall rate, for a slant beam, the consistency of the integrated parameters is established for two averaging periods. Nevertheless, the corresponding DSD parameter distributions reveal differences attributed to the averaging of the Doppler spectra. The new aspects are to obtain the same retrieval quality as vertically profiling and highly averaged spectra in an automated way.
Crystal chemistry of synthetic Ti-Mg-bearing hibonites: A single-crystal X-ray study

Abstract Hibonite single crystals were synthesized using two different techniques: hot-pressing of polycrystalline hibonite by means of piston-cylinder apparatus and solid state reaction using citrate-based sol-gel precursors. Chemical analyses, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray characterization were performed on four sets of Ti-Mg-bearing hibonites to investigate the substitution mechanism of Ti3+, Ti4+, and Mg2+, relevant for hibonites found in calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions in meteorites. The unit-cell volume of hibonite depends linearly on the concentration of Ti and Mg: V = 8.21(3)·(Titot + Mg)apfu + 586.06(1). Structural refinements, carried out in the space group P63/mmc, demonstrate that Ti occupies two sites: M2, a trigonal bipyramid, and M4, a distorted octahedron occurring in facesharing pairs. The Ti occupancy factor was refined at both sites. Due to the repulsion of neighboring Ti cations the bond distance M4-O3 increases with increasing Ti content and the cations are displaced from the central position of the polyhedron. The displacement factors (U33)M2 and the site occupancy factor for Ti in the M2 site positively correlate for the samples, which have more than 0.3-0.4 Tiapfu, while (U33)M2 remains that of pure hibonite for small Ti occupancies at the M2 site. This plateau of displacement factor reflects the local strain fields around the substituted Ti atoms and its magnitude indicates that these strain fields begin to overlap at a Ti-Ti separation of about 1-2 unit cells. For a sample synthesized at low oxygen fugacity we detected Ti3+ by means of UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. The presence of Ti3+ has a clear effect on the M4-M4 distance, which deviates from the linear trend described by samples containing mainly Ti4+. The average bond length M3-O depends linearly on the Mg content of these synthetic hibonites clearly indicating that Mg occupies this site.
Galaxy stellar mass assembly: the difficulty matching observations and semi-analytical predictions

Semi-analytical models (SAMs) are currently the best way to understand the formation of galaxies within the cosmic dark-matter structures. While they fairly well reproduce the local stellar mass functions, correlation functions and luminosity functions, they fail to match observations at high redshift (z > 3) in most cases, particularly in the low-mass range. The inconsistency between models and observations indicates that the history of gas accretion in galaxies, within their host dark-matter halo, and the transformation of gas into stars, are not well followed. Hereafter, we briefly present a new version of the GalICS semi-analytical model. We explore the impacts of classical mechanisms, such as supernova feedback or photoionization, on the evolution of the stellar mass assembly. Even with a strong efficiency, these two processes cannot explain the observed stellar mass function and star formation rate distribution and some other relations. We thus introduce an ad-hoc modification of the standard paradigm, based on the presence of a \textit{no-star-forming} gas component, and a concentration of the star-forming gas in galaxy discs. The main idea behind the existence of the no-star-forming gas reservoir is that only a fraction of the total gas mass in a galaxy is available to form stars. The reservoir generates a delay between the accretion of the gas and the star formation process. This new model is in much better agreement with the observations of the stellar mass function in the low-mass range than the previous models, and agrees quite well with a large set of observations, including the redshift evolution of the specific star formation rate. However, it predicts a large fraction of no-star-forming baryonic gas, potentially larger than observed, even if its nature has still to be examined in the context of the missing baryon problem.
Removal of methylene blue using lemon grass ash as an adsorbent

Wastewater from textile industries is a major cause of water pollution in most developing countries. In order to address the issues of water pollution and high cost for treatment pro- cesses, the use of an inexpensive and environmentally benign adsorbents has been studied. The objective was to find a better alternative to the conventional methods. Lemon grass waste (ash) collected from a lemon grass stream distillation subunit in Bhutan was tested for dye removal from aqueous solutions. The study investigated the removal of methylene blue using the following operational parameters: initial concentration (100-600 mg/L), contact time, adsorbent dose (0.1- 0.55 gm/100 mL), and pH (3-10). It was found that the percentage removal of dye increased with a decrease of the initial concentration and increased contact time and dose of adsorbent. The basic pH solution of dye showed better adsorption capac- ity as compared to the acidic dye solution. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were fitted to the data well. Data fitted better to Lagergren pseudo 2nd order kinetics than a 1st order kinetic model. Surface morphology was also examined via scanning electron microscopy. An elemental analysis was also carried out and the chemical composition and functional groups were analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The obtained results indicate that lemon grass ash could be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon in wastewater treatment for the removal of dyes.
End-to-End Content and Plan Selection for Natural Language Generation

This paper describes our entry for the INLG 2018 E2E NLG challenge. Generating fluent natural language descriptions from structured data is a key sub-task for conversational agents. In the E2E NLG challenge, the task is to generate these utterances conditioned on multiple attributes and values. Our system utilizes several extensions to the generalpurpose sequence-to-sequence (S2S) architecture to model the latent content selection process, particularly different variants of copy attention and coverage decoding. In addition, we propose a new training method based on diverse ensembling to encourage the model to learn latent plans in training. We empirically evaluate these techniques and show that the system increases the quality of generated text across five automated metrics. Out of a total of sixty submitted systems from 16 institutions, our best system ranks first-place in three of the five metrics, including ROUGE.
Sources of Value Gains in Minority Equity Investments by Private Equity Funds: Evidence from Block Share Acquisitions

Using block share acquisitions made by private equity (PE) funds, we examine the sources of value gains in PE minority equity investments. We find that compared with non-PE acquirers, PE acquirers are more likely to place representatives with finance experience or those with experience in the target's industry on the target's board when the need for target oversight and/or advice is higher. The targets in PE acquisitions, particularly poorly performing targets, targets with high R&D intensity, and targets with PE-appointed directors who have experience in the target's industry, realize both higher announcement returns and better post-acquisition operating performance than do targets in non-PE acquisitions. These findings suggest that the governance and operational engineering that PE acquirers apply to their targets constitutes important sources of value creation in PE minority equity investments.
Smooth Yield Surface Constitutive Modeling for Granular Materials

In this paper, the authors present an internal state variable (ISV) cap plasticity model to provide a physical representation of inelastic mechanical behaviors of granular materials under pressure and shear conditions. The formulation is dependent on several factors: nonlinear elasticity, yield limit, stress invariants, plastic flow, and ISV hardening laws to represent various mechanical states. Constitutive equations are established based on a modified Drucker–Prager cap plasticity model to describe the mechanical densification process. To avoid potential numerical difficulties, a transition yield surface function is introduced to smooth the intersection between the failure and cap surfaces for different shapes and octahedral profiles of the shear failure yield surface. The ISV model for the test case of a linear-shaped shear failure surface with Mises octahedral profile is implemented into a finite element code. Numerical simulations using a steel metal powder are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the ISV cap plasticity model to represent densification of a steel powder during compaction. The formulation is general enough to also apply to other powder metals and geomaterials. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4034987]
Falls from height: analysis of 114 cases

Paper aims: To study fall-accident cases in order to analyze the commonly missing or not adequately applied risk management measures (RMM) and its consequences depending on falling height. Originality: First study to analyze failed RMM for preventing falls from height. Research method: The study reviewed court cases published by the journal “Safety & Health Practitioner”. NIOSH recommendations were used to define RMM to apply to this study. Main findings: Finally, in 98% of analyzed cases, the fall from height was a result of several non-adequate or missing RMM: in 81.6% procedures of work, 65.8% guardrails and edge protection, 60.5% risk assessment, and 60.5% platforms or scaffolds. It can be concluded that falls from height pose a significant risk for workers, which could be prevented by adequately apply RMM. Implications for theory and practice: The focus in the prevention of falls should be given on most common RMM.