Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crustal Fault Connectivity of the Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikōura Earthquake Constrained by Aftershock Relocations

The 14 November 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikōura earthquake in the northern South Island, New Zealand, involved highly complex, multifault rupture. We combine data from a temporary network and the permanent national seismograph network to repick and relocate ~2,700 aftershocks of M≥3 that occurred between 14 November 2016 and 13 May 2017. Automatic phase‐picking is carried out using REST, a newly developed hybrid method whose pick quality is assessed by comparing automatic picks for a subset of 138 events with analysts' picks. Aftershock hypocenters computed from high‐quality REST picks and a 3‐D velocity model cluster almost exclusively in the shallow crust of the upper plate and reveal linkages at depth between surface‐rupturing fault segments. Only eight aftershocks are relocated on a deeper structure positioned between patches of geodetically detected afterslip. This indicates that afterslip has not triggered significant earthquake activity on the subduction interface during the period of aftershock activity analyzed.
Learning to Teach Basic School Mathematics: Lessons from a Pedagogical Course

This is an empirical study designed to investigate the ideas pre-service elementary teachers bring into a mathematics pedagogy course, how these ideas change over the course of the semester and find out what the sources of the changes are. The study involved ten pre-service elementary teachers in one pedagogical course in mathematics offered at a Midwestern University in the United States of America in 2003. Analyses of data revealed that on the whole very small things changed. Specifically, while some participants still maintained static and more prescriptive views of mathematics and the teaching of mathematics, others showed slight movement toward socio-constructive ideas of teaching. The sources of these changes ranged from more techniques from their field placements to interaction with peers in course discussions. Relying on available literature on ways of challenging the wrong views pre-services teachers bring to their coursework from the long years in school as students, recommendations have been made about the need to consider using multimedia systems to help pre-service teachers learn to teach in a reflective and critical manner. Keywords : pre-service teachers, mathematics pedagogy course, views of nature of mathematics, views of teaching of mathematics
Supporting Lecturers in the Disciplines in the Affective Academic Writing Process

This article reports on a case study evaluating lecturers' experiences of their own affective writing process using a reflective critical incident analysis. While the cognitive-affective focus of academic writing has been explored previously from a collaborative perspective (Benton et al . 1984), this current study takes the individual writer as the unit of analysis. There are several reasons why lecturers need to write. Foremost among these should be that when they write, they are providing a positive model for students, and are helping to demystify the act of writing. Scholarly writing can be a struggle, and by doing so ourselves, we learn empathy for our students. In reality, many lecturers are facing the need for increasing their publications output. In terms of writing for publication, Murray (2013) has advised that busy academics must develop productive writing processes, and this may mean changing writing behaviours. Affective conditions such as sense of class community, self-efficacy and writing apprehension are known factors affecting writing behaviour and performance. A blended accredited professional development module entitled ‘Writing and Disseminating Research’ is discussed as a way to afford lecturers opportunities to develop writing skills that may also promote positive affective conditions. Data suggests that the pedagogic intervention resulted in greater confidence in terms of participants’ critical writing skills and provided a suitable environment for affective conditions to flourish. Four themes emerged from the analysis of the critical incidents on writing apprehension: self efficacy, the role of external sources on affective writing, peer feedback and class community. Future research would explore the sustainability of the process extending into the lecturers' own practice with their students.
A study to assess the effectiveness of benson's relaxation therapy on stress and coping among mothers with high risk pregnancy admitted at antenatal wards of sri ramachandra hospital

High risk pregnancy is a condition which can affect the health of mother and baby. High risk pregnancy results in longer hospitalisation which leads to increased stress and decreased coping mechanisms in the mother. Relaxation techniques are simple and cost effective methods which help in reducing stress and enhancing coping. Benson’s relaxation therapy can reduce the stress level and thereby improve coping ability among mothers with high risk pregnancy. A pre-experimental study was taken up in Sri Ramachandra Hospital, Chennai to assess the effectiveness of Benson’s Relaxation Therapy on stress and coping among mothers with high risk pregnancy. The sample included 30 mothers with high risk pregnancy. The findings of the study depicted the evidence of significant difference between pre and post test values of stress and coping. There was a statistically significant difference in the stress and coping scores after the intervention at the level of p<0.001. When stress decreases coping among mothers with high risk pregnancy increases. This highlights the effectiveness of Benson’s relaxation therapy in reducing the level of stress and enhancing coping among mothers with high risk pregnancy.
An Asymmetry-Steepness Parameterization of the Generalized Lambda Distribution

The generalized lambda distribution (GLD) is a versatile distribution that can accommodate a wide range of shapes, including fat-tailed and asymmetric distributions. It is defined by its quantile function. We introduce a more intuitive parameterization of the GLD that expresses the location and scale parameters directly as the median and inter-quartile range of the distribution. The remaining two shape parameters characterize the asymmetry and steepness of the distribution respectively. This is in contrasts to the previous parameterizations where the asymmetry and steepness are described by the combination of the two tail indices. The estimation of the GLD parameters is notoriously difficult. With our parameterization, the fitting of the GLD to empirical data can be reduced to a two-parameter estimation problem where the location and scale parameters are estimated by their robust sample estimators. This approach also works when the moments of the GLD do not exist. Moreover, the new parameterization can be used to compare data sets in a convenient asymmetry and steepness shape plot. In this paper, we derive the new formulation, as well as the conditions of the various distribution shape regions and moment conditions. We illustrate the use of the asymmetry and steepness shape plot by comparing equities from the NASDAQ-100 stock index.
The Correlation Between Critical and Creative Thinking Skills on Cognitive Learning Results

Purpose : A correlational research was conducted to reveal the correlation between critical thinking and creative thinking skills on students' cognitive learning results in inquiry learning strategy and to reveal the contribution of critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills to students’ cognitive learning results. Method: The population of this research was students of Biology Education Study Program in the Education and Teacher Training Faculty of Jambi University, Indonesia in the semester of 2017/2018 academic year. The instrument used was an essay test to measure students’ critical and creative thinking skills, and their cognitive learning results. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 16 for Windows program at 5% level. Findings: The results showed that: (1) there was a significant correlation between critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills on cognitive learning results, (2) the contribution of critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills simultaneously to cognitive learning results was 72.80%, (3) the effective contribution of creative and critical thinking skills to cognitive learning results was 64.91% and 7.89% respectively. Implications for Research and Practice : Lecturers can consider inquiry strategies as an alternative learning, especially for new students in universities to empower critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills, based on research results, that may have a big contribution to cognitive learning results.
The recent developments in cloud removal approaches of MODIS snow cover product

Abstract. The snow cover products of optical remote sensing systems play an important role in research into global climate change, the hydrological cycle, and the energy balance. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow cover products are the most popular datasets used in the community. However, for MODIS, cloud cover results in spatial and temporal discontinuity for long-term snow monitoring. In the last few decades, a large number of cloud removal methods for MODIS snow cover products have been proposed. In this paper, our goal is to make a comprehensive summarization of the existing algorithms for generating cloud-free MODIS snow cover products and to expose the development trends. The methods of generating cloud-free MODIS snow cover products are classified into spatial methods, temporal methods, spatio-temporal methods, and multi-source fusion methods. The spatial methods and temporal methods remove the cloud cover of the snow product based on the spatial patterns and temporal changing correlation of the snowpack, respectively. The spatio-temporal methods utilize the spatial and temporal features of snow jointly. The multi-source fusion methods utilize the complementary information among different sources among optical observations, microwave observations, and station observations.
The markets of non-timber forest products in the Humid Forest Zone of Cameroon

Many rural dwellers depend on non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for their livelihood and their income needs. Increased urbanisation (as a result of rural urban migration) is an important factor that expands the size of local markets of NTFPs. This paper focuses on local markets in the humid forest zone of Cameroon and on market intermediaries who facilitate the corrdination (or the matching) of supply and demand of NTFPs by providing market outlets for farmers and guaranteeing a source of domestic supply NTFPs for consumers. The behaviour constraint and standard operating procedures of market intermediares are not always known, especially in the wake of the economoic crisis. Traders of NTFPs do not always deal with a single NTFP. This strategy helps them cross-subsidise among different NTFPs. This means that the margin obtained by selling a particular NTFP can be used to support other NTFPs (purchases, storage, processing). The quantity of NTFPs marketed in the humid forest zone of Cameroon is important. Furthermore, the marketing margins obtained by traders vary between 16% (for Dacryodes edulis) and 30.4% (for Irvingia gabonensis) of the value of sales. In addition, the marketing margins received by those trading in Dacryodes edulis, Ricinodendron heudelotii, and Irvingia gabonensis were higher than the minimum wage in most markets. Thus the study confirmed the role of NTFPs as a source of employment and income for traders and suggests the need for developing these markets.
Ethno-botanical survey of plant species used in traditional medicine in Kinshasa city (Democratic Republic of the Congo)

An ethno-botanical survey was conducted among traditional healers and medicinal plant vendors in Kinshasa city (DR Congo) in order to identify plant species used in traditional medicine to treat common diseases, with the aim of documenting, preserving, and sustaining this valuable traditional knowledge. Surveys were conducted from February to April 2014 among 50 medicinal plant vendors, in five markets (Limete, Makala, Matete, Mont-Ngafula, and Ngaba). The education level of the majority of informants was secondary school. The age of the informants ranged between 20 and 68 years. Cited plant species were collected and identified at the herbarium of the Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa. Their ecological status was also determined. The 50 informants used 32 plant species (belonging to 22 families and 30 genera) in traditional medicine in Kinshasa. Their herbal remedies were administered as aqueous decoctions against 38 different diseases. It was found that ligneous, savanna, phanerophyte, and pantropical-type plant species were predominant both in numbers of species as well as in citations. Roots were the most used plant part, and malaria and haemorrhoids were the most treated diseases.
Role Conflict, Self Efficacy, Employees’ Performance and Organizational Performance

AbstractObjective – This study aims to analyze the influence of role conflict and self-efficacy towards employees’ performance and its implications on organizational performance at Inspectorate of Nagan Raya District, Aceh, Indonesia. Design/methodology – The sample of this study is 120 auditors. The data was collected through questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results – The study found that role conflict and self-efficacy have positive and significant influence on employees’ performance and inspectorate performance at Nagan Raya District. Meanwhile employees’ performance mediates the effect of role conflict and self-efficacy towards inspectorate performance at Nagan Raya District.
Principals’ Change Leadership Competencies: A Study in Malaysian High Performing Secondary School

The purpose of the study was to examine teachers’ perception regarding Principals’ Change Leadership Competencies (PCLC) in managing change. A total of 936 teachers from 47 High Performing Secondary School (HPSS) in Malaysia completed the survey. The findings revealed that i) principals in HPSS possess adequate PCLC; ii) although PCLC was reported higher in rural rather than urban area, it was not reliably related to location of school; iii) principals in Fully Residential Secondary School achieved the highest PCLC, followed by principals in Daily Secondary School and Religious Secondary School; iv) PCLC was reliably related to the type of HPSS; v) principals achieved the highest mean score of PCLC in Goal Framing domain but the lowest score in Defusing Resistance and Conflict domain regardless of school location and type of HPSS; vi) principals of HPSS were not competent in the domain of Defusing Resistance and Conflict; vii) principals of Religious Secondary School were not competent both in Defusing Resistance and Conflict and Capacity Building domain; viii) in terms of four domains, except Defusing Resistance and Conflict, PCLC was not reliably related to location of school; and ix) in terms of four domains, PCLC was reliably related to the type of HPSS. The study offers relevant parties a lens through which they could better understand, prepare for, and enhance principals’ capacity for change. Specifically, it provides direction for practitioners as useful feedback in planning, designing, implementing and evaluating future change management training programs for principals to best lead change in schools. Keywords: Principals’ Change Leadership Competencies, High Performing Secondary Schools, Goal Framing, Capacity Building, Defusing Resistance and Conflict, Institutionalizing
Effects of Different Solar Drying Methods on Quality Attributes of Dried Meat Product (Kilishi)

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of four methods of sundrying kilishi after preparation. They included Direct Sundrying Method (DSM) as control, Gujarat Energy Development Agency Method (GEDAM), National Institute of Oceanography Method (NIOM) and Kwatia Drying Method (KDM) each of the methods constituted a treatment viz, A, B, C and D. Meat (Beef) weighing 640 g was purchased and used for this study. The meat was divided into 4 equal parts of 160 g per treatment. They were sliced into length between 0.17 and 0.20 cm in thickness and dried between 4 and 5 hours to reduce the moisture to at least 40% before slurry infusion. The slurry ingredient components were ground and mixed to form a paste. Semi-dried meat were immersed in the slurry for one hour and later stabilized by roasting on charcoal fire for 5 minutes and later dried out in drying media tested in this study. The yield, chemical and sensory properties of kilishi were determined. The results showed that method B gave the highest (P < 0.05) yield of kilishi, chemical attributes as well as sensory properties of kilishi followed by method C. It is suggested that method B and C be developed and produced in commercial quantity for use in drying kilishi in the tropics due to their high efficiency.
An Empirical Study of Illusion of Control and Self-Serving Attribution Bias, Impact on Investor’s Decision Making: Moderating Role of Financial Literacy

According to traditional financial theory investors are supposed to be rational and make decisions that reflect all available information but prospect theory explained a number of biases which affect the investor’s behavior and investors lead to irrational decision making. This study aims to investigate the influence of behavioral biases (self-attribution, illusion of control) on investment decisions with the moderating role of financial literacy in context of Pakistan. The relationship was examined by administering a questionnaire and by collecting empirical data from investors about their own perception of these biases. Questionnaire was distributed among the sample of 220 investors and two statistical tools correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The study was found that the Illusion of control bias has significant positive impact on individual investor investment decision and no support were found for the positive impact of self-serving attribution bias on investment decision. It is also found that financial literacy moderates the relationship between illusion of control bias and investment decision so that it weaken the relationship. The findings of this study will helpful for investors to identify these biases which interrupted his decision making level and then formulate different strategies to overcome these biases and reduce irrational behavior. Other implications and limitations of the study are also discussed. Keywords: Illusion of Control Bias, Self-Serving Attribution Bias, Financial Literacy, Investment Decision, Pakistan.
The influence of wood extracts on the rheological properties of urea-formaldehyde adhesive during cure.

Rheological analysis was used to evalute the influence of the wood species of beech, fir and poplar on the gelation time of commercial urea-formaldehyde (UF). The UF adhesive samples were mixed with hot water extracts of selected wood species. Two series of samples were prepared, one without the catalyst addition and the other with the addition 0,2% of amonium chloride, per dry adhesive mass. Both series included the control UF adhesive samples, without the addition of wood extracts. Measurements of the viscoelastic properties of UF adhesive samples during cure were conducted at the temperature of 80C, and at the constant frequency of 1Hz. The addition of wood extracts had a positive catalytic influence in the case of the UF adhesive samples without the catalyst addition. Contrary, wood extracts have retarded the curing of the UF adhesive samples with catalyst.
Maize and winter wheat production with different soil tillage systems on silty loam

From 1996 to 1998 five different tillage systems were compared in maize (Zea mays L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production on one experimental field (silty loam - Albic Luvisol) located in north-west Slavonia, Croatia. The compared tillage systems were as follows: conventional tillage (CT), reduced conventional tillage (RT), conservation tillage I (CP), conservation tillage II (CM), no-tillage system (NT). The aim of the research was to determine the influence of those tillage systems on the energy and labour requirement, and on the yield of the maize and of the winter wheat. Comparing the energy requirement to CT system, RT system required 16.1% less, CP system 26.9% less, CM system 40.8% less, while NT system required even 85.1% less energy per hectare. The labour requirement showed that RT system saved 16.4%, while CP system required 20.5% less, CM system 39.5% less labour respectively. NT system saved 82.1% of labour in comparison to CT system. The first year greatest maize yield of 7.78 Mg ha-1 was achieved with CT system, while other systems in comparison to CT system, except RT, achieved not significantly lower yields. The second year greatest winter wheat yield of 5.89 Mg ha-1 achieved CM system, while other systems in comparison to CM, except RT, achieved not significantly lower yields.
Simulated phytoplankton bloom input in top-down manipulated microcosms: comparative effect of zooflagellates, ciliates and copepods

: Succession of microbial populations and carbon flow were studied experimentally in a 2-stage linked system where phytoplankton growth was separated from decay or consumption. Three phytoplankton loss processes were considered: bactenal lysis, protozoan grazing and mesozooplankton grazing. An axenic culture of the &atom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was transferred to 3 second-stage microcosms (150 1) kept in the dark. The first vessel (L: lysis batch) contained no herbivores and was top-limited by bacterivorous flagellates, the second (G: grazing batch) by ciliates and the third (Z: zooplankton batch) by copepods. In the L container there was no evidence of grazing on phytoplankton; the particle-associated protozoa were abundant (3.7 X lo3 cell 1-l). In the G vessel, cihates (up to 96 X 103 cell I-') controlled both the phytoplankton and nanoflagellate populations and ciliates ingested phytoplankton at rates from 1.7 to 16 phytoplankton cell ciliate-' h-' (average, 7.5 cell ciliate-' h-'). The average growth ylelds for bacterivorous flagellates and ciliates were 35 % and 45 %, respectively. In the Z treatment, the concentration of >l0 pm protozoa (able to ingest P. tricornutum) was apparently kept low due to copepod grazing pressure. Consequently, a considerable fraction of the phytoplankton was channelled through the detrital pathway instead of the classical herbivorous pathway. The general trend of the parameters descnbing microbial activity was Z > G > L. An influence of the complexity of the system on the turnover rate of organic matter was evldent with the ratio 'cumulative biomass/POC' in the different vessels showing a lower level of detntus when predators of were present.