Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in physicochemical properties of the fruit of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) harvested at three degrees of maturity Cambios en las propiedades fisicoquímicas de frutos de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) cosechados en tres grados de madurez

The changes in the physicochemical properties of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) were evaluated in the present research at three degrees of maturity. 300 fruits were used for maturity degree and it was determined the physical characteristics (weight, volume, density, equivalent diameter, sphericity index, performance of pulp and peel) and chemical characteristics (pH, acidity, soluble solids, Maturity Index (MI) and content of vitamin C). The results indicate that maturity does not significantly affect the physical variables, but if done with the chemical properties of fruits. The pH, soluble solids, MI and content of vitamin C was statistically increased (from 2.89 to 2.94, P < 0.01) (6.58 to 9.04 °Brix, P < 0.001), (1.83 - 2.84, P < 0.001), (4.17 and 11.95 mg ascorbic acid/100 g of fresh pulp, P < 0.001) with maturity changes, respectively, in contrast the acidity decreased (3.78 to 3.21 g citric acid /100 g of fresh pulp, p < 0.001).
Wind Power in Girau do Ponciano, Alagoas, Brazil Using Anemometric Data and Microscale Modeling

Abstract The wind potential in the Agreste region of Northeastern Brazil has important features for energy exploration, but, stills unexplored. This work analyzes 3.1 yrs anemometer tower measurements in the Girau do Ponciano, Alagoas state. The observational data was recorded from October 2007 to October 2010. Three periods were defined to constrain the seasonal wind patterns: Annual, Dry (October-January) and Wet (May-August). Hourly and monthly series showed the average wind speed was higher than 7 m s-1, reaching 8.5 m s-1 during the dry season. Further, the wind direction was also favorable with less variability, concentrated between NE and SE. During nighttime the wind speed ≥ 10 m s-1 were more frequent. The Weibull fit is more distributed (concentrated) during the dry (wet) season close to 8 m s-1 (7 m s-1). The AEP (Cf) parameter estimated by the WAsP model varied between 3 to 10 GWh (35% to 65%). Nevertheless, Girau do Ponciano domain was positioned nearby two highways and close to an electrical substation in the Arapiraca city. Other geographic conditions (topography inclination < 15°, the absence of obstacles, and low vegetation) are also favorable to future wind farm installation in this area.
A first insight into genotype-diet interactions in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in the context of plant-based diet use

This preliminary study assessed genotype × diet interaction in late growth of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed with either a fish meal (FM)or a fish oil (FO)-based diet (M) or an all-plantbased (PB) diet. A total of 550 fish from 224 families were reared together and tagged. DNA was sampled and microsatellites were used to assign parentage. When fish weight was 192 ± 54 g, two tanks were fed with M (FM: 100%; FO: 100%) and two others with PB (FM: 0% and FO: 0%). Body weight (BW), fork length (FL) and fillet lipid content (CorrFat) were analysed with a linear model and with REML methodology. We observed no significant differences between groups, but a slightly lower (P=0.03) daily growth coefficient in sea bass fed PB than in those fed M. Heritability estimates of BW differed significantly from zero (PB: 0.37 ± 0.18; M: 0.47 ± 0.24). Sire × diet interactions were significant and genetic correlations ranged between 0.51 and 0.87, showing genotype × diet interaction for BW and CorrFat. For the first time, genetic parameters in the context of total replacement of marine fishery by-products were estimated in European sea bass, showing re-ranking of family performances with extremely contrasted diets.
Just Enough or All: Selling a Firm †

We consider the problem of selling a firm to a single buyer. The magnitude of the post-sale cash flow rights (v) as well as the benefits of control (b) are the buyer’s private information. In contrast to research that assumes the private information of the buyer is one-dimensional, the optimal mechanism is a menu of tuples of cashequity mixtures. We provide sufficient conditions on the joint distribution of v and b such that the optimal mechanism takes one of the following forms: i) a take-it or leave-it offer for the smallest fraction of the company that facilitates the transfer of control, or ii) a take-it or leave-it offer for all the shares of the company. We also identify a sufficient condition for the seller to extract the full value, v, per share so that the buyer earns information rents only on the private benefits of control. JEL Code: D82, D86. Keywords: Multidimensional mechanism design, negotiated block trades, private benefits, privatization, takeovers, bilateral trade, asymmetric information, cashequity offers.
Exploring Key Determinants of Job Efficiency Associated With Adoption of Private Cloud Services

When adopting private cloud services, companies must consider several factors including the popularity of information technology equipment, allocation of network resources, adoption of cloud platforms, and employees’ perceived effectiveness of the technology. For enhancing job satisfaction and efficiency, this study explored the key determinants of the adoption of private cloud services based on favorable technology and resources, self-efficacy, and technology acceptance. We constructed a research model for conducting empirical analyses to test the related hypotheses.The results revealed that the key factors, namely resource-facilitating conditions, technology-facilitating conditions, and Internet self-efficacy had a significant effect on work efficiency. Moreover, web-specific control and perceived self-control had negligible effects on work efficiency. Herein, we provide implications for academicians and practitioners for future adoption, in addition to providing several suggestions for improvement.
Comparative study on host preference and damage potentiality of Red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis and Epilachna beetles, Epilachna dodecastigma

Experiments were carried out in the field and in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period from February to August, 2013. Three cucurbitaceous vegetables viz. bitter gourd, ridge gour d and snake gourd were used as test crops. Considering to percent leaf infestation and leaf area consumptions, red pumpkin beetle was found mostly harmful to snake gourd (22.62% and 8.84%, respectively) but least harmful to bitter gourd (3.00% and 1.25%, respectively). On the other hand, Epilachna beetle was found mostly damaging to bitter gourd (46.00% and 21.67% respectively) and least damaging to ridge gourd (11.20% and 5.00%, respectively). Similar to the field experiments, red pumpkin beetle consumed more leaf areas of snake gourd (up to 43.36%) and Epilachna beetle (both adult and grubs) consumed more leaf areas of bitter gourd (up to 91.46%) in the laboratory experiments. Bitter gourd (1.42%) and ridge gourd (0.78% to 41.27%) were least preferable to the red pumpkin beetle and Epilachna beetle, respectively. Res. Agric. , Livest. Fish.3(3): 411-416, December 2016
Comparison of different models for the estimation of genetic parameters of body weight traits in Moghani sheep.

Genetic parameters for birth weight (BW), 3-month weight (3MW), 6-month weight (6MW), 9-month weight (9MW) and yearling weight (YW) in Iranian Moghani sheep were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood procedure of MTDFREML program. The data and pedigree information used in this research were collected at the Breeding station of Moghani sheep (Ardebil province, Iran) during 19872005. Six different animal models were fitted, differentiated by including or excluding maternal effects, with and without covariance between maternal and direct genetic effects. The estimates for direct heritability ranged from 0.31 to 0.54, 0.21 to 0.34, 0.13 to 0.25, 0.11 to 0.22 and 0.10 to 0.17 for BW, 3MW, 6MW, 9MW and YW, respectively. The estimates were substantially higher when maternal effects, either genetic or environmental, were ignored in the model. The results of this study show that full models with maternal genetic and environmental effects gave the most accurate estimates for body weight traits in Moghani sheep. ;
Microsatellites (SSRs): Puzzles within puzzle

SSRs are not only found in all genomes (big or small) Mycoplasma vs animals but also in the smallest and compact genome amongst vertebrates like fish and birds. These findings suggest that microsatellites cannot be totally eliminated from the genome. Studies on distribution, frequency and pattern of SSRs in coding and non-coding regions reveal species specific, length or pattern dependent features, which suggest that SSRs are common in intergenic regions of all organisms. CG dinucleotide repeats are scarce and trinucleotide tolerance is more in the coding sequences. However, there are features about microsatellites, which may not fall in any paradigm, as what may be true regarding motifs in one organism may not be so for others. This is evident from the studies that show rarity of (GT)n repeat in plants vis-a-vis mammals which have these repeats in abundance. Similarly, abundance of AAT repeats is found in introns of most organisms but rodents are exceptional in having AAG abundance. To highlight these features and to address the question regarding microsatellite abundance in relation to increasing genomic complexity, data from various sources have been tabulated for this review. Different schools of thought about the origin and evolution of microsatellites are also discussed.
A dea model with a non discritionary variablefor olympic evaluation

In recent years, a lot of work has been done dealing with alternative performance rankings for the Olympic Games. Almost all of these works use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Generally speaking, those works can be divided into two categories: Pure rankings with unitary input models and relative rankings with classical DEA models; both output oriented. In this paper we introduce an approach taking into account the number of athletes as a proxy to the country investment in sports. This number is an input for a DEA model, and the other input is the population of the country. We have three outputs,the number of gold, silver and bronze medals earned by each country. Contrary to the usual approach in the literature, our model is not output oriented. It is a non-radial DEA model oriented to the "number of athletes" input, as our goal is not a countries' ranking. We intend to analyse whether the number of athletes competing for each country accords with the number of won medals. For this analysis, we compare eachcountry with its benchmarks. The Decision Making Units (DMU) are all the countries participating in the Beijing Olympic Games, including those that did not earn a single medal. We use a BCC model and we compare each DMU's target with the number of athletes who have won, at least one medal.
Efficiency and Risk-Taking in Dual Banking System: Evidence from Emerging Markets

With the rapid growth of Islamic banking system as an alternative to an established conventional banking system many countries across the globe are embarking on dual banking system. This paper analyses and compares efficiency and risk taking of 165 commercial banks and 70 Islamic banks from 11 emerging markets between 2000 and 2010. This paper also analyzes the relationship between risk and efficiency within the two banking systems. Empirical evidence shows that bank inefficiency and risk are positively related for conventional banks and inversely related for Islamic banks which clearly highlight the inherent difference between risk–efficiency relationships among these two distinct bank types. The mean cost efficiency scores for the conventional banking industry is higher than Islamic banking sector while, Islamic banks profit efficiency scores have outperformed conventional banks profit efficiency scores. Our evidence also shows that environmental factors can considerably prejudice the banking efficiency scores.
Otolith micro-increment formation in herring Clupea harengus larvae in relation to growth rate

Estimating the age of individual fish larvae using otolith micro-increments has become a widely used tool in early life-history ecology. A basic assumption of the method is that the micro- increments are formed on a regular (usually daily) basis. Validation experiments are recommended to test this assumption, since otolith microstructure varies between species and interpretation of the structures can be problematic. Whilst many such experiments have demonstrated daily deposition rates, those examining slow-growing larvae have often not supported this assumption. In response, it has been suggested that increments are in fact being formed on a daily basis, but that they are too narrow to be resolved by optical microscopy. In this study, we raised herring larvae over a range of growth rates by manipulating prey levels. At 16 and 37 d old, the otoliths were marked by immersion of the larvae in a solution of alizarin complexone. The rearing experiment was terminated at 51 d post-hatch, and after suitable preparation, otoliths were examined using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Micro-increment counts based on light microscopy were lower than expected (assuming daily deposition) when larval growth rates were less than 0.42 mm d -1 . These results are in accord with previous reports in the literature. Examination of the otolith region between the alizarin marks by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) produced slightly higher increment counts compared with light microscopy (average + 2), but this was not sufficient to support the assumption of daily deposition of micro-increments between Days 16 and 37 in slow-growing larvae. Rather than leading to the regular deposition of narrow increments, slow growth in laboratory-reared herring larvae often appears to affect otolith structure. This results in fewer than the expected number of increments being deposited, and affects counts made both by light and scanning electron microscopy. Growth rates attained in this laboratory study are typical of those that may be experi- enced by cohorts of herring larvae in the wild, particularly from autumn spawning stocks. The use of otolith microstructure to estimate absolute ages of slow-growing herring larvae may therefore lead to significant underestimates of true age, even if SEM is used.
Yet Another Case of Typical Hallerman Streiff Syndrome Without Mutations in the GJA1 Gene

Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS) was first time described by Hallerman in 1948 and Streiff in 1950 who distinguished it from progeria and mandibulofacial dysostosis. Disease causing pathogenic mutation in GJA1 gene has been identified in a patient with clinical features that overlap Hallerman-Streiff syndrome (HSS; MIM# 234100) with Oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD; MIM# 164200) [1] However none of the cases with typical HSS are found to contain mutations in the GJA1 gene. We describe an Indian patient with typical HSS first time without identifiable GJA1 mutations.
The Effect of State Ownership and Concentrated Institutional Ownership on Cash Holding Level in the Listed Companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange

The present study was formulated in order to determine the effect of state ownership and concentrated institutional ownership on cash keeping level in Tehran stock companies from 2009 to 2013. For this purpose, 108 companies (540 year-companies) were selected as the sample of the study. Therefore, panel data (year-company) were used in this study. A panel data approach via f test (Limer) was used to estimate data. Fixed and random effects were chosen by Hausman test and random effects were used. Breusch-Pagan / Cook-Weisberg test was used to determine heteroscedasticity and the results showed that it heteroscedasticity exists in the research models. Therefore, the data were analyzed via linear regression by using Eviews 7. The results obtained from the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between concentrated and non-concentrated institutional ownerships and cash keeping level; however, there is a significant negative relationship between state and non-state ownership and cash keeping level.
Carbon respired by terrestrial ecosystems – recent progress and challenges

Net ecosystem production is the residual of two much larger fluxes: photosynthesis and respiration. While photosynthesis is a single process with a well‐established theoretical underpinning, respiration integrates the variety of plant and microbial processes by which CO2 returns from ecosystems to the atmosphere. Limits to current capacity for predicting ecosystem respiration fluxes across biomes or years result from the mismatch between what is usually measured – bulk CO2 fluxes – and what process‐based models can predict – fluxes of CO2 from plant (autotrophic) or microbial (heterotrophic) respiration. Papers in this Thematic Issue and in the recent literature, document advances in methods for separating respiration into autotrophic and heterotrophic components using three approaches: (1) continuous measurements of CO2 fluxes and assimilation of these data into process‐based models; (2) application of isotope measurements, particularly radiocarbon; and (3) manipulation experiments. They highlight the role of allocation of C fixed by plants to respiration, storage, growth or transfer to other organisms as a control of seasonal and interannual variability in soil respiration and the oxidation state of C in the terrestrial biosphere. A second theme is the potential for comparing C isotope signatures in organic matter, CO2 evolved in incubations and microbial biomarkers to elucidate the pathways (respiration, recycling, or transformation) of C during decomposition. Together, these factors determine the continuum of timescales over which C is returned to the atmosphere by respiration and enable testing of theories of plant and microbial respiration that go beyond empirical models and allow predictions of future respiration responses to future change in climate, pollution and land use.
Optimal licensing contract in an open economy

Empirical evidences show that technology licensing contracts differ significantly and may consist of only up-front fixed-fee, only output royalty or the combinations of fixed-fee and output royalty. We explain these possibilities under international technology transfer. The trade-off between the incentive for saving the transportation cost of exporting and the incentive for reducing competition after licensing is responsible for the results. Our explanation differs from the existing studies where imitation and product differentiation are responsible for different licensing contracts.
Ionospheric data assimilation and forecasting during storms

Ionospheric storms can have important effects on radio communications and navigation systems. Storm time ionospheric predictions have the potential to form part of effective mitigation strategies to these problems. Ionospheric storms are caused by strong forcing from the solar wind. Electron density enhancements are driven by penetration electric fields, as well as by thermosphere‐ionosphere behavior including Traveling Atmospheric Disturbances and Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances and changes to the neutral composition. This study assesses the effect on 1 h predictions of specifying initial ionospheric and thermospheric conditions using total electron content (TEC) observations under a fixed set of solar and high‐latitude drivers. Prediction performance is assessed against TEC observations, incoherent scatter radar, and in situ electron density observations. Corotated TEC data provide a benchmark of forecast accuracy. The primary case study is the storm of 10 September 2005, while the anomalous storm of 21 January 2005 provides a secondary comparison. The study uses an ensemble Kalman filter constructed with the Data Assimilation Research Testbed and the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model. Maps of preprocessed, verticalized GPS TEC are assimilated, while high‐latitude specifications from the Assimilative Mapping of Ionospheric Electrodynamics and solar flux observations from the Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Experiment are used to drive the model. The filter adjusts ionospheric and thermospheric parameters, making use of time‐evolving covariance estimates. The approach is effective in correcting model biases but does not capture all the behavior of the storms. In particular, a ridge‐like enhancement over the continental USA is not predicted, indicating the importance of predicting storm time electric field behavior to the problem of ionospheric forecasting.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF LAMINAR FLOW CONTROL ON A SWEPT WING BY MEANS OF PLASMA ACTUATORS

A theoretical approach to the assessment of the possibility of laminar flow control on an infinite swept wing owing to a volumetric force and heat impact by plasma actuators on the boundary layer flow is presented. The proposed approach includes the numerical modeling of dielectric barrier discharge actuators, calculation of inviscid flow over a given airfoil, calculation of a compressible boundary layer spatially modulated in the spanwise direction, and numerical solution of a linear stability problem for stationary modes of cross-flow-type instability. The modeling of the plasma actuators is performed for one set of geometrical and physical parameters with the aim of estimating the qualitative features of volumetric force and heat input distributions. The inviscid flow and boundary layer calculations are performed for airflow parameters corresponding to typical cruise flight conditions of a civil aircraft. The force impact of actuators necessary to eliminate the laminar/turbulent transition caused by cross-flow-type instability is estimated.
THE STATUS AND FUNCTION OF ENGLISH IN INDONESIA: A REVIEW OF KEY FACTORS

In order to understand the way English is used and seen in Indonesia today, it is useful to know something about how historical, political, socio-cultural and linguistic factors have shaped its status and functions over the last century. The use of English in Indonesia has developed in the context of post-colonial educational competency building, and more recently the need to support development – in particular its role in state education. However, attitudes of some policy makers and commentators towards the language have often been ambivalent, expressing fears of its power to exert negative cultural influences. The special status of English as a global language with many potential varieties that might pose as models for Indonesia also poses the question of which one would be right for the country. The paper looks at these educational and policy issues, and also gives some suggestions about the future.