Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A validated prediction tool for initial survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrest.

BACKGROUND Accurate estimation of favorable neurological survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest could provide critical information for physicians, patients, and families. METHODS Within the Get With the Guidelines-Resuscitation registry, we identified 42,957 patients from 551 hospitals admitted between January 2000 and October 2009 who were successfully resuscitated from an in-hospital cardiac arrest. A simple prediction tool for favorable neurological survival in patients successfully resuscitated from an in-hospital cardiac arrest was developed using multivariate logistic regression, with two-thirds of the sample randomly selected as the derivation cohort and one-third as the validation cohort. Favorable neurological status was defined as the absence of severe neurological deficits (cerebral performance category score of ≤2). RESULTS Rates of favorable neurological survival were similar in the derivation cohort (7052 patients [24.6%]) and validation cohort (3510 patients [24.5%]). Eleven variables were associated with favorable neurological survival: younger age, initial cardiac arrest rhythm of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia with a defibrillation time of 2 minutes or less, baseline neurological status without disability, arrest location in a monitored unit, shorter duration of resuscitation, and absence of mechanical ventilation, renal insufficiency, hepatic insufficiency, sepsis, malignant disease, and hypotension prior to the arrest. The model had excellent discrimination (C statistic of 0.80 for both the derivation and validation cohorts) and calibration. The prediction tool demonstrated the ability to identify patients across a wide range of rates of favorable neurological survival: patients in the top decile had a 70.7% probability of this outcome, whereas patients in the bottom decile had a 2.8% probability. CONCLUSIONS Among successfully resuscitated patients with an in-hospital cardiac arrest, a simple, bedside prediction tool provides robust estimates of the probability of favorable neurological survival. This tool permits accurate prognostication after cardiac arrest for physicians, patients, and families.
Effects of 5-Day Styrene Inhalation on Serum LH and Testosterone Levels and on Hypothalamic and Striatal Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Concentrations in Male Rats

The volatile chemical styrene may impair male fertility. Testicular testosterone (T) production is controlled by the hypothalamic/pituitary/gonadal axis. From the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released, which stimulates luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from the pituitary, which in turn enhances T production. GnRH release is controlled by glutamate (GLU) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GLU and GABA neurons are regulated by T. Thus, reduced fertility of styrene-exposed male workers may result from altered GLU/GABA neurotransmission, causing insufficient GnRH, LH, and T secretion. Therefore, we compared LH and T levels of male rats that have inhaled styrene (0, 150, 500, 1500 ppm for 6 h on 5 consecutive days) to GLU and GABA concentrations in the MBH and striatum. Animals were killed directly following the last exposure (immediate group) or after 24 h (recovery group). No suppression of LH or T levels was observed after styrene inhalation. LH levels of the immediate groups with 500 or 1500 ppm exposure were slightly but signficantly elevated. Hypothalamic GLU and GABA concentrations remained unchanged. Increased striatal GABA concentrations were determined in recovery groups with 500 or 1500 ppm exposure. Striatal GLU concentrations remained unaffected. Thus, we demonstrate slightly increased LH and T levels in styrene-exposed male rats after inhalation of the two higher doses. This effect did not correlate with hypothalamic GLU and GABA concentrations. With the limitations inherent to any animal model, these data obtained from a 5-day exposure study with rats suggest, but do not unequivocally prove, that styrene may have also no reproductive toxicity effects in men chronically exposed to this chemical.
Safety and efficacy of vismodegib in patients aged ≥65 years with advanced basal cell carcinoma

Because many patients with unresectable basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are aged ≥65 years, this study explores the efficacy and safety of vismodegib in these patients with locally advanced (la) or metastatic (m) basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in the ERIVANCE BCC trial and the expanded access study (EAS). We compared patients aged ≥65 years to patients aged <65 years taking vismodegib 150 mg/day, using descriptive statistics for response and safety. Patients aged ≥65 years (laBCC/mBCC) were enrolled in ERIVANCE BCC (33/14) and EAS (27/26). Investigator-assessed best overall response rate in patients ≥65 and <65 years was 46.7%/35.7% and 72.7%/52.6% (laBCC/mBCC), respectively, in ERIVANCE BCC and 45.8%/33.3% and 46.9%/28.6%, respectively, in EAS. These differences were not clinically meaningful. Safety was similar in both groups, although those aged ≥65 years had a higher percentage of grade 3-5 adverse events than those aged <65 years. Vismodegib demonstrated similar clinical activity and adverse events regardless of age.
Effect of Surgical Incision Site on Astigmatism in Cataract Patients

Objectives: 1. To Know the Effect of location of incision site on surgically induced astigmatism. 2. To Evaluate the Pre and Postoperative astigmatic profile of cataract surgery patients Materials and Methods: 100patients undergone manual small incision cataract surgeries, were evaluated for pre and postoperative astigmatic profile and the effect of surgical incisions on the postoperative astigmatism during the period from June 2015 to June.2016. The incision was placed on the steep axis in cases where the astigmatism was >1D and either superiorly or temporally in cases where the astigmatism was <1D. The astigmatism was assessed by keratometry on 1 st day, 1week, 6weeks and 12 weekspostoperatively. Results: The sub-analysis of change in astigmatism in preoperative cases with ATR showed that in superior incision group the mean astigmatism increased from 0.81+/-0.65 to 1.50+/-0.5 and in the temporal incision group the mean astigmatism decreased from 1.45+/-0.5 to 1.05+/-0.2 post operatively. Thus in preoperative cases with ATR the superior incision showed an increase in astigmatism while a temporal incision showed decrease in astigmatism postoperatively. The sub-analysis of change in astigmatism in preoperative cases with WTRshowed that in superior incision group the mean astigmatism decreased from 1.15+/-0.6 to 0.70+/-0.5 and in the temporal incision group the mean astigmatism increased from 0.65+/-0.5 to 0.75+/-0.5 postoperatively. Thus in preoperative cases with WTR the superior incision showed a decrease in astigmatism while a temporal incision showed a minimal increase in astigmatism postoperatively.Conclusion:In MSICS,Superior incision causes ATR shift and temporal incision causes WTR shift and Temporal approach produces less astigmatism compared to superior incision.
Simultaneous Occurrence of Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Monoclonal B Lymphocytes with a Different Clonal Origin

Bone marrow and peripheral blood from a myelodysplastic syndrome patient with trisomy 13 and monoclonal B lymphocytes (without evidence of systemic lymphoma) were investigated for clonal lymphoid lineage involvement using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and X-chromosome inactivation assay (HUMARA) on CD19+ and CD34+ sorted cells. Trisomy 13 was detected in 55% of CD34+ cells and in 5.5% of CD19+ cells, the latter being comparable to the negative control specimen. X-chromosome inactivation showed both CD34+ and CD19+ cells to be monoclonal, though their inactivated X-chromosome was different. The results strongly suggested that both populations of CD34+ and CD19+ cells have originated from a different progenitor stem cell.
Providing hearing-impaired students with learning care after classes through smart phones and the GPRS network

Although computers and network technology have been widely utilised to assist students learn, few technical supports have been developed to help hearing-impaired students learn in Taiwan. A significant challenge for teachers is to provide after-class learning care and assistance to hearing-impaired students that sustain their motivation to participate in continuous learning activities. However, lacking an effective communication channel, teachers cannot easily provide after-class learning care or instruction to sustain student motivation. This study developed a learning support system to provide after-class learning care through smart phones and the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network. Student reactions identified effective strategies regarding student–teacher interaction while teachers utilised the wireless network and handheld devices to provide learning support. Questionnaire results demonstrated that most students and their parents considered student–teacher interaction and strategies through GPRS and smart phones effective in improving student learning at home.
In‐vivo accuracy of ultrasound measurements of intrauterine ume in pregnancy

Summary. The accuracy of ultrasonic measurements of intra‐amniotic ume using a parallel planimetric area method was assessed in 18 women by comparison against different measures of the same ume space. In nine patients undergoing second‐trimester termination of pregnancy amniotic fluid ume was measured using a dye dilution method and fetal ume was measured by either water displacement or calculated from fetal weight. The estimated intra‐amniotic ume by this method was not significantly different from the ultrasonic measurement. In one patient who had a hysterotomy, fetal and amniotic fluid umes showed a difference of 1.01% between ultrasonically‐measured and actual intra‐amniotic ume. In eight patients studied in the third trimester the mean difference between ultrasonic and estimated intra‐amniotic ume at delivery was 6.2%.
Variation in cerebral palsy profile by socio‐economic status

Socio‐economic differences in maternal and child health are well recognized, but the role of individual‐level and area‐level determinants in cerebral palsy (CP) phenotypes is debated. We set out to examine (1) the association between area‐level and individual‐level measures of socio‐economic deprivation and CP phenotype among children, including subtype, severity, and comorbidities; and (2) the direct effect of area‐level deprivation not mediated through individual‐level deprivation.
Availability of Advance Visual Information Constrains Association-Football Goalkeeping Performance during Penalty Kicks

A pressing concern within the literature on anticipatory perceptual-motor behaviour is the lack of clarity on the applicability of data, observed under video-simulation task constraints, to actual performance in which actions are coupled to perception, as captured during in-situ experimental conditions. We developed an in-situ experimental paradigm which manipulated the duration of anticipatory visual information from a penalty taker's actions to examine experienced goalkeepers' vulnerability to deception for the penalty kick in association football. Irrespective of the penalty taker's kick strategy, goalkeepers initiated movement responses earlier across consecutively earlier presentation points. Overall goalkeeping performance was better in non-deception trials than in deception conditions. In deception trials, the kinematic information presented up until the penalty taker initiated his/her kicking action had a negative effect on goalkeepers' performance. It is concluded that goalkeepers are likely to benefit from not anticipating a penalty taker's performance outcome based on information from the run-up, in preference to later information that emerges just before the initiation of the penalty taker's kicking action.
Design, construction and fly-by-wireless control of an autonomous Quadrotor helicopter

This paper describes the design, development and analysis of an autonomous Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that is controlled using fly-by-wireless technology. A communication protocol between the UAV and a Ground Control Station (GCS) is established to continuously send information from the on-board sensors to the GCS. There, a controller computes the control signal in real-time and sends it back to the UAV to act upon the actuators. An Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and a sonar are used as sensors to determine the attitude angles and the height of the UAV, respectively. A state-feedback controller is designed by pole placement. Considering the delays of the wireless network, a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is used to determine if the stability of the system is affected by the delay. Some results are presented from initial flight experiments in which attitude angles and altitude are stabilized.
Mixed mycoplasma mastitis outbreak in a dairy herd

BT4 3SD BOTH Mycoplasma californicum and Mycoplasma canadense were first isolated from bovine mastitis cases in North America from chronic infections that were typically unresponsive to intramammary antibiotics (Ruhnke and Onoviran 1975, Jasper 1977). Each species has subsequently been found worldwide, including isolation from outbreaks of bovine mastitis in the UK (Gourlay and others 1978, Mackie and others 1982). The majority of reports of mycoplasmal mastitis in a herd is limited to one species (Jasper 1981). This short communication reports the occurrence of a mixed M californicum andM canadense mastitis outbreak in a dairy herd that responded to a novel, combined, intramammary antibiotic treatment. In March 1999, eight milk samples were received from an outbreak of clinical mastitis in freshly calved cows. The problem had been ongoing for several weeks and was not responding to routine antibiotic treatment. A control strategy was recommended following the isolation ofM canadense from three of these milk samples. This included treatment of mastitic quarters with an intramammary combination of oxytetracycline (Terramycin intramammary solution; Pfizer Animal Health) (426 mg per dose) and tylosin (Tylan 200; Elanco Animal Health) (500 mg per dose) after each milking, for three consecutive days. In addition, all suspect and treated animals were segregated and milked last. Composite milk samples were collected from all milking animals on two separate occasions: 14 days after receipt of the first eight samples, and then after the apparent resolution of the problem (day 55). Milk samples from 12 suspect animals were also submitted by the farmer, one week after the first herd sampling (day 21). In addition, vaginal swabs, pooled in twos to fives, were taken from all the milking cows, and preputial swabs were taken from the two bulls in the herd, during the first farm visit. All milk samples were cell counted and tested by Mycoplasma bovis (Ball and others 1994) and Mcalifornicum (Ball and others 1990) monoclonal antibodybased sandwich ELISAS, using three-day enrichment. All high cell count milks were streaked on mycoplasma medium and
Abductive network ensembles for improved prediction of future change-prone classes in object-oriented software

: Software systems are subject to a series of changes due to a variety of maintenance goals. Some parts of the software system are more prone to changes than others. These change-prone parts need to be identified so that maintenance resources can be allocated effectively. This paper proposes the use of GMDH-based abductive networks for modeling and predicting change proneness of classes in object-oriented software using both software structural properties (quantified by the C&K metrics) and software change history (quantified by a set of evolution-based metrics) as predictors. The empirical results derived from an experiment conducted on a case study of an open-source system show that the proposed approach improves the prediction accuracy as compared to statistical-based prediction models.
State-Dependent Mate-Assessment and Mate-Selection Behavior in Female Threespine Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus, Gasterosteiformes: Gasterosteidae)

Most investigations of mate-choice have focused on the outcomes of matechoice (i.e. which mates are chosen), and thus we generally know very little about how mates are chosen (i.e. how mates are found, assessed, and selected). Matechoice by females has been shown to be dependent on the state of the female, with females being less selective when limited by time or energy. This result could be caused by changes in female mate-assessment or mate-selection behavior. We examined whether manipulations of time and energy aAected the mate-choice behavior of female threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We found that female mate-choice behavior, when not divided into stages, was aAected by both of the manipulations. This matches previous findings. When we divided female courtship behavior into six stages, we found that the two manipulations aAected diAerent portions of the mate-choice process. The holding-time manipulation changed female behavior at the beginning and end of the mate-choice process and the swimming manipulation changed female behavior only at the end of the matechoice process. Neither of the manipulations significantly aAected female behavior in the middle portion of the mate-choice process. Thus, the mate-choice process appears to be composed of multiple state-dependent decisions. We discuss how a better mechanistic understanding of how female state aAects female mate-choice behavior can produce testable predictions and provide a basis for investigating the evolution of mating systems.
MEKK1 Is Required for MPK4 Activation and Regulates Tissue-specific and Temperature-dependent Cell Death in Arabidopsis*

Innate immunity signaling pathways in both animals and plants are regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. An Arabidopsis MAPK cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5, and MPK3/MPK6) has been proposed to function downstream of the flagellin receptor FLS2 based on biochemical assays using transient overexpression of candidate components. To genetically test this model, we characterized two mekk1 mutants. We show here that MEKK1 is not required for flagellin-triggered activation of MPK3 and MPK6. Instead, MEKK1 is essential for activation of MPK4, a MAPK that negatively regulates systemic acquired resistance. We also showed that MEKK1 negatively regulates temperature-sensitive and tissue-specific cell death and H2O2 accumulation that are partly dependent on both RAR1, a key component in resistance protein function, and SID2, an isochorismate synthase required for salicylic acid production upon pathogen infection.
Dopamine and angiotensin as renal counterregulatory systems controlling sodium balance

Purpose of reviewTo review the recent evidence demonstrating how the renal dopaminergic and angiotensin systems control renal electrolyte balance through various receptor-mediated pathways with counterregulatory interactions. Recent findingsStimulation of the renal rennin–angiotensin system results in increased sodium reabsorption, whereas the opposite is true for stimulation of the renal dopaminergic system. An underactive renal dopaminergic system has been associated with increased sodium reabsorption and hypertension. Recent findings indicate novel cell surface receptor-mediated mechanisms by which these two renal endocrine systems directly counterregulate each other. Each of the dopamine receptors (D1R through D5R) have been implicated in dopamine-mediated natriuresis, in addition to counterregulating the angiotensin type 1 R. Dopamine D1-like (D1R and D5R) stimulation has also been found to induce an AT2 receptor- dependent natriuresis. Recently, it has also been discovered that reactive oxygen species can play a role in inactivating the D1 receptor and activating the angiotensin type 1 R. SummaryCurrent therapeutic interventions for hypertension predominantly involve correction of an overactive rennin–angiotensin aldosterone system. Recent evidence suggests that stimulation of the renal dopaminergic system and possibly activation of AT2 receptors, as well as decreasing reactive oxygen species, may provide additional therapeutic approaches.
Can Greater Openness and Deeper Financial Development Drag ASEAN-5 into Another Series of Economic Crises?

In the event of economic crises, it is observed that economic volatility becomes more severe. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the impact of greater openness and deeper financial sector development in influencing the level of economic volatility which could trigger economic crises in both long-and short-run periods in the case of ASEAN-5 countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Given that more attention is needed to address the issue, the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimations developed by Pesaran et al. (1999) and data ranging from 1980 to 2014 were employed to address the issue. With the ability to estimate short-run coefficients at each country level and its speed of adjustment, this study further fills the knowledge gap. Based on the analysis, it is found that greater trade and financial openness may further relax economic volatility in the long-run, suggesting greater international risk sharing which soothes consumption shocks. In terms of the effect of financial development towards economic volatility, it is found that only deeper banking sector development may reduce economic volatility in the long-run, but the same may not apply in the case of greater stock market development. Particularly, it is suggested that it is in the nature of developments in the banking sector to likely provide longer financing options and greater banker capabilities in detecting riskier investments, thus giving a favourable impact on economic volatility. It is a contrast with the stock market sector where it is more likely to be more susceptible towards large and sudden capital outflows. Its tendency to provide capital towards riskier investments may worsen volatility in the longer term. Nevertheless, in the short-run, the effects of greater openness and financial development is not as obvious as in the long-run; financial openness and greater stock market sector development may significantly relax economic volatility. As suggested by the speed of adjustment, the equilibrium from short-run to long-run is corrected by 1.71% and 2.33% in a year. Cumulatively, it can be said that there is no evidence that greater openness and deeper financial development may drag ASEAN-5 into another series of crises except in the case of stock market sector development. Therefore, the source of instability in the region is likely to be driven from greater stock market sector development rather than greater openness and banking sector development.