Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Implementation of a Vehicle-Centered Fault Diagnostic and Management System for the Extended PATH-AHS Architecture: Part II

This project is a continuation of MOU 373. It concludes ongoing research to extend and integrate existing results on fault diagnostic and fault management research, and develop a comprehensive fault management system. Features include a multi-layer fault diagnostic and management system, diagnosis of faults in the sensors and actuators of the lateral and longitudinal control systems, detection of faults in the most vital sensors and actuators, and development of a systematic methodology for processing diagnostic residues. Experimental implementation and testing of the completed system is carried out in this project. This work is important because fault diagnostics and management appear to be the most important technical issues remaining to be resolved before vehicle automation can be implemented. “Soft” faults such as tire/road conditions variations have been extended in this project. An analytical model for calculating the longitudinal and lateral traction/braking forces and the self-alignment moment and the effect of wet road conditions on the tire/road friction model have been discussed and developed in this project.
OPTICAL BAND GAP AND IR SPECTRA OF GLASSES IN THE SYSTEM

The infra red and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopiy of neodymium copper phosphate glasses on the [Nd2O3](x)-[CuO](35-x)-[P2O5](65) system with 0 ≤ ≤ x 10 mol % has been studied. The study shows existence of phosphate tetrahedral dominates in lattice vibrations. It is also found out that The Urbach energy lie between 0.451 and 0.634 eV, and the optical energy gaps between 0.79 eV to 2.34 01 . 0 ± eV.
Interruptions and Delivery of Care in the Intensive Care Unit

Objective: This study samples interruption frequency in intensive care unit (ICU) settings to assess the relationship between interruptions and common patient hazards. Background: Task interruptions are accident contributors in numerous industries. Recently, studies on health care interruptions and their impact on patient hazards have received attention. Method: Seven ICUs in four hospitals participated in a 24-month study. Experienced ICU nurses directly observed nursing tasks, interruptions, and patient hazards (delays in care, breaks in device task protocols, and patient safety hazards). Results: During 1,148 hours of observation, 175 nurses performed 74,733 nursing tasks. Interruptions occurred at a rate of 4.95 per hour, and 8.4% of tasks were interrupted. Interruptions originated mostly from humans (65.9%), alarms (24.1%), and others (10%). A total of 774 patient hazards were observed, with a hazard occurring on average every 89 minutes. Relative to noninterrupted tasks, device alarm interrupted nonstructured tasks were associated with increased rates of delays in care and safety hazards (rate ratio [RR] = 3.19). In contrast, rate of delays in care and safety hazards did not increase during human interrupted tasks (RR = 1.13). Rates of protocol nonadherence varied by device type and were highest during artificial airway, medication administration, chest tube, and supplemental oxygen management. Conclusion: Interruptions in the ICU are frequent and contribute to patient hazards, especially when caused by device alarms during nonstructured tasks. Nonadherence to protocols is common and contributed to patient hazards. Application: The findings suggest a need for improvement in task and device design to reduce patient hazards.
Title Households ’ risk perception and behavioral responses tonatech accidents

This study analyzes data on households’ risk perception and protective behavior following a natural disaster triggered technological accident (Natech accident) that occurred at an industrial park in Sendai during the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, on 11 March 2011. The results indicate that some households carried out multiple evacuations and that households’ risk perceptions changed throughout the Natech accident evacuation process. Risk perception differed according to household location and demographic characteristics. We also found differences in the protective measures adopted for households in different locations. Specifically, those living closer to the Natech accident tended to evacuate immediately, whereas those living further away tended to shelter in place. Wind direction is discussed as a factor that influences households’ risk perception and evacuation response to a Natech accident. The findings of this study advance knowledge of household behavior in response to a Natech accident and can assist emergency managers in developing strategies for better management of evacuation processes.
Interactive comment on “ Centennial-scale precipitation anomalies in the southern Altiplano ( 18 ◦ S ) suggest an extratropical driver for the South American Summer Monsoon during the late Holocene ” by Ignacio A

of this sediment record. There appear to have been significant corrections (reservoir effect) applied to the data, but there is little to no supporting information on how exactly the core was dated and how the chronology was established. If I understand correctly, the dating is based on only 3 radiocarbon dates. I understand that the chronology was established and discussed in an earlier paper, but nonetheless, to aid with the interpretation, more information is required to assess the chronological uncertainties in this part of the core.
QUALITY OF LIFE AND AESTHETIC PERCEPTION OF DENTAL CARIES

Objetive: To relate the aesthetic perception and the oral health-related quality of life in the presence of dental caries in schoolchildren. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, from October 2014 to March 2015, with 260 schoolchildren aged 8 to 10 years, divided into clinical groups according to the presence of dental caries. The Child Perceptions Questionnaire and the Child Questionnaire About Teeth Appearance were applied and a clinical evaluation of permanent and deciduous dentition was conducted for detection of decayed, missing or filled teeth. Data was analyzed using the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney’s test, p ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 260 students, 130 (50%) had caries disease, with the highest frequency (62.0%) in 8-year-olds. Socioeconomic variables, such as lower family income and lower maternal schooling, were associated with the dental caries group (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). In the dental caries group, the domains oral symptoms (4.9 vs 6.6), emotional well-being (3.0 vs 4.7) and social well-being (2.2 vs 3.5) were higher than in the caries-free group. Regarding the aesthetic perception, the psychological domain (0.94 vs 1.27) and the overall perception of oral health (2.26 vs 2.93) were higher in the group with dental caries. In the linear regression, there was a significant contribution of the number of permanent decayed teeth and the dmft (decayed, missing and filled deciduous teeth) index to the worst perception of quality of life. Conclusion: Dental caries negatively affects aesthetic perception and quality of life in 8to 10-year-old children. Descriptors: Quality of Life; Esthetics, Dental; Child; Dental Caries.
Displacement of biased random walk in a one-dimensional percolation model

Suppose an ant is placed in a randomly generated, infinite maze. Having no orientation whatsoever, it starts to move along according to a nearest neighbour random walk. Now furthermore, suppose the maze is slightly tilted, such that the ant makes a step along the slope with higher probability than in the opposite direction. Tracking the ant’s position, we are interested in the long-term behaviour of the corresponding random walk. We study this model in the context that the maze is given by a one-dimensional percolation cluster. Depending on the bias parameter λ of the walk, its linear speed converges almost surely towards a deterministic value v. This limit exhibits a phase transition from positive value to zero at a critical value of λ. We investigate the typical order of fluctuations of the walk around v in the ballistic speed regime, and the order of displacement from the origin in the critical and subballistic speed regimes. Additionally, we show a law of iterated logarithm in the subdiffusive speed regime.
Summer 9-5-2018 Equivalent Constructions of Cartan Pairs

EQUIVALENT CONSTRUCTIONS OF CARTAN PAIRS Phu.ng Tr`̂an Thesis chair: Scott LaLonde, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Tyler August 2018 Feldman and Moore [4] introduce Cartan subalgebra of the von Neumann algebra M on a separable Hilbert space H from the natural subalgebra of M(R, σ), the twisted algebra of matrices over the relation R on a Borel space (X,B, μ). They show that if M has a Cartan subalgebra A, then M ∼= M(R, σ) where A is the twisted algebra onto the diagonal subalgebra L∞(X,μ). The relation R is unique to isomorphism and the orbit of the twocohomology class on R in the torus T, which is the automorphism group of R, is also unique. Three decades later, based on Feldman-Moore work and utilizing étale groupoids from C∗ r (G,Σ), Renault [9] constructs equivalent Cartan pairs. Nearly another decade later, using extensions of inverse semigroups from extensions of Cartan inverse monoids and Feldman-Moore work, Donsig, Fuller, and Pitts [2] construct other equivalent Cartan pairs. In this paper, we study all Cartan pairs of Feldman and Moore, Renault, and Donsig et al. Our objective is to show that these Cartan pairs are equivalent.
Breeding of Chestnut Varieties Resistant to Chestnut Gall Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus YASUMATSU

The first breeding program of the chestnut, Castanea spp. , was started in 1947 at the Horticultural Research Station and planned crossings were completed in 1962. At present, we are conducting breeding works according to the second program. The aims of the first program were to breed early and mid-season varieties having high productivity, superior quality and good appearance of the nut. However, in 1941, the chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus YASUMATSU, was generated in Okayama Prefecture located in the southwestern part of Japan. They spread rapidly at various chestnut growing districts in the 1950's causing great damage to the chestnut trees. In 1952, a new aim of the development of varieties resistant to the gall wasp was added to the chestnut breeding. Since that time, the character of resistance has been particularly emphasized more and more. As the result of this program, we commercially introduced four varieties resistant to the gall wasp. Currently, these varieties are the main commercial varieties.
Topographic correlation between macular superficial microvessel density and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in glaucoma-suspect and early normal-tension glaucoma

Background/Aims To investigate the topographic relationship between macular superficial microvessel density (SMD) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness in eyes with glaucoma-suspect (GS) and early normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods A total of 86 eyes of 86 patients with early NTG (standard automated perimetry mean deviation >−5.5 decibels) and a total of 25 eyes of 25 patients with GS were retrospectively reviewed. All of the subjects underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) scan. On the OCTA scan images, macular SMD was analysed by customised software. Results In GS and patients with early NTG, macular GCIPL thickness showed significant correlations with macular SMD in the superotemporal (ST), inferotemporal (IT) and inferoinferior (II) sectors (r =0.191, 0.373 and 0.346 for ST, IT and II sector, respectively). Additionally, circumpapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and macular SMD showed significant correlations between the ST sector of the macula and the 1, 9 clock-hour peripapillary regions and between the IT and II sectors of the macula and the 6, 7, 8 clock-hour peripapillary regions. The IT sector macular SMD showed fair diagnostic power (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] = 0.758) and showed high diagnostic power when combined with IT sector macular GCIPL thickness (AUROC=0.954). Conclusions Sectoral macular SMD showed topographic correlations with macular GCIPL thickness and circumpapillary RNFL thickness in patients with GS and early-stage NTG. Macular SMD analysis is potentially useful in the clinical evaluation of early glaucoma.
Re-evaluating the link between the sulphur-rich Laacher See volcanic eruption and the Younger Dryas

The Younger Dryas is the most well-documented millennial-scale cooling event of the Quaternary, but the mechanisms responsible for its initiation remain elusive. Here we use a recently revised chronology for GISP2 ice core ion dataset from the Greenland ice sheet to identify a large volcanic sulphur spike coincident with both the unusually sulphur-rich Laacher See volcanic eruption and the onset of Younger Dryas-related cooling in Greenland (i.e., the most recent abrupt 10 Greenland millennial-scale cooling event, Greenland Stadial-1; ‘GS-1’). Lake sediment and stalagmite records confirm that the eruption’s timing was indistinguishable from the onset of cooling across the North Atlantic, but that it preceded westerly wind repositioning over central Europe by ~200 years. We suggest that the initial short-lived volcanic sulphate aerosol cooling was amplified by oceanic circulation shifts and/or sea ice expansion, gradually cooling the North Atlantic region and incrementally shifting the mid-latitude westerlies to the south. The aerosol-related cooling probably only lasted 1-3 years, and 15 the majority of Younger Dryas-related cooling was due to the sea ice-ocean circulation positive feedback, which was particularly effective during the intermediate ice volume conditions characteristic of ~13 ka BP. We conclude that the large and sulphur-rich Laacher See eruption should be considered a viable trigger for the Younger Dryas.
FACTORS INFLUENCING COUPLES’ FERTILITY PREFERENCES IN KENYA MAINA NAOMI WANGUI Q56/69591/2013 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE

v LIST OF FIGURES . vii LIST OF TABLES . viii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background to the study . 1 1.2 Problem Statement . 3 1.3 Objectives of the study . 5 1.4 Justification of the study . 5 1.5 Scope and limitations of the study . 6 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 8 2.
Bin-summarise-smooth : A framework for visualising large data

Visualising large data is challenging both perceptually and computationally: it is hard to know what to display and hard to efficiently display it once you know what you want. This paper proposes a framework that tackles both problems, based around a four step process of bin, summarise, smooth, and visualise. Binning and summarising efficiently (O(n)) condense the large raw data into a form suitable for display (recognising that there are ∼3 million pixels on a screen). Smoothing helps resolve problems from binning and summarising, and because it works on smaller, condensed datasets, it can make use of algorithms that are more statistically efficient even if computationally expensive. The paper is accompanied by a single-core in-memory reference implementation, and is readily extensible with parallel and out-of-memory techniques.
An Experimental Analysis of Embankment on Stone Columns

When embankment is constructed on very soft soil, special construction methods are adopted. One of the techniques is a piled embankment. Piled (stone columns) embankments provide an economic and effective solution to the problem of constructing embankments over soft soils. This method can reduce settlements, construction time and cost. Stone columns provide an effective improvement method for soft soils under light structures such as rail or road embankments. The present work investigates the behavior of the embankment models resting on soft soil reinforced with stone columns. Model tests were performed with different spacing distances between stone columns and two lengths to diameter ratios of the stone columns, in addition to different embankment heights. A total number of 21 model tests were carried out on a soil with undrianed shear strength ≈ 10 kPa. The models consist of stone columns embankment at spacing to diameter ratio equal to 2.5, 3 and 4. Three embankment heights; 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 mm were conducted. Three earth pressure cells were used to measure directly the vertical effective stress on column at the top of the middle stone column under the center line of embankment and on the edge stone column for all models while the third cell was placed at the base of embankment between two columns to measure the vertical effective stress in reinforced soft soil directly. The embankment models constructed on soft clay treated with ordinary stone columns at spacing ratio equal 2.5 revealed maximum bearing improvement ratio equals (1.21, 1.44 and 1.7) for 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 embankment heights, respectively and maximum settlement improvement ratio equals (0.78, 0.67 and 0.56) for 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 embankment heights, respectively.
Effects of Low-FODMAPS Diet on Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms and Gut Microbiome

Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) suffer from abdominal pain, bloating, and abnormal defecation. Reducing the dietary intake of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) has been shown to be beneficial in reducing IBS symptoms. However, diet modification plays an important role in the composition of colonic microbiota. Currently, the effects of a FODMAP diet on the composition of the gut microbiome are not known. We conducted a systematic review to determine (1) the effectiveness of low-FODMAPs diet to reduce symptoms of patients with IBS and (2) the association between a low-FOMAPs diet and the composition of gut microbiome. Four electronic databases were searched using key words “IBS” or “irritable bowel syndrome,” and “FODMAP” or “FODMAPs” or “fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols,” and “microbiome. ” Two reviewers (H.S. and Y.T.L.) selected and reviewed articles according to our inclusion criteria. A total of 87 articles were reviewed and 7 met inclusion criteria. Based on the systematic review, low FODMAPs appear to reduce gastrointestinal symptoms for a least a subset of patients with IBS. However, due to the heterogeneity of reviewed studies, the influence on patients' gut microbiome composition and/or microbiota metabolites requires additional studies.
Molecular Detection of Some Virulence Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Chicken Embryos and Broilers with regard to Disinfectant Resistance

Pseudomonas is a communal motif of environmental associated disease and causes a serious problem in poultry farms, so this study was deliberated to investigate the quandary of Pseudomonas species especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) which has multifarious virulence genes and plays a major role in poultry outbreaks. Also, it focuses the light on the problem of antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance. A total of 200 samples (100 from dead in shell chicken embryos and 100 from broilers at different ages) were collected from different hatcheries and farms in Luxor governorate, 40 isolates (20%) of Pseudomonas species were isolated and identified serologically as P.cepacia, P.fluorescens, P.putida, P.fragi and P.aeruginosa. PCR inveterate the existence of P.aeruginosa DNA in seven isolates by using 16SrDNA primers at 956bp. P.aeruginosa isolates have different virulence genes such as toxA, exoS, lasB, lasI and oprL gene with incidence rate 71.42% for each of them, except oprL was 100%. Also, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds resistant genes (QACs) were detected in P. aeruginosa isolates with incidence rate (14.28%) for each of qacAB and qacCD genes, while the qacED1 gene incidence was (100%). P. aeruginosa isolates showed an obstacle of antimicrobial resistance for different antimicrobials while most of these isolates cleared susceptibility for ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. In conclusion, this work described the problem of P. aeruginosa as it proved a high virulence repertoire owned by the P. aeruginosa that confirming its pathogenicity for chicken embryos and broilers. Also, our study is fuelling the concern on disinfectant resistance problem and displaying the relation between QACs and antibiotic resistance. So, the deterrence of the Pseudomonas infection in the poultry housing becomes necessary by applying strict bio-security measures.
Auditing for Transparency in Content Personalization Systems

Do we have a right to transparency when we use content personalization systems? Building on prior work in discrimination detection in data mining, I propose algorithm auditing as a compatible ethical duty for providers of content personalization systems to maintain the transparency of political discourse. I explore barriers to auditing that reveal the practical limitations on the ethical duties of service providers. Content personalization systems can function opaquely and resist auditing. However, the belief that highly complex algorithms, such as bots using machine learning, are incomprehensible to human users should not be an excuse to surrender high quality political discourse. Auditing is recommended as a way to map and redress algorithmic political exclusion in practice. However, the opacity of algorithmic decision making poses a significant challenge to the implementation of auditing.
The Young still don’t vote for the ‘Nasty Party’. An investigation into the perception of the Conservative party brand by younger voters

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The rules of engagement : Reflections on evidence utilisation in politicised policy areas

This paper explores the nature of evidence use in politicised policy areas. It suggests that established models of research utilisation provide inadequate grounds to conceptualise the evidence and policy relationship in this context. This is primarily a product of the fact that the concepts of evidence and policy with which they operate are pitched at too high a level of abstraction, relate to static phenomena and do not consider the mechanisms of evidence selection. Using recent developments in UK drug classification policy as a case study, including interviews with a range of key policy personnel, a newer ‘processual model’ is (tentatively) advocated. This highlights the complexity and nuance of the policy process and its accompanying use of evidence and, it is claimed, more accurately depicts the evidence and policy relationship in this particular scenario.