Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Effectiveness, Failure Rates, and "Dinner Bell" Properties of Acoustic Pingers in a Gillnet Fishery

The long-term effectiveness of acoustic pingers in reducing marine mammal bycatch was assessed for the swordfish and thresher shark drift gillnet fishery in California. Between 1990 and 2009, data on fishing gear, environmental variables, and bycatch were recorded for over 8,000 fishing sets by at-sea fishery observers, including over 4,000 sets outfitted with acoustic pingers between 1996 and 2009. Bycatch rates of cetaceans in sets with ≥30 pingers were nearly 50% lower compared to sets without pingers (p = 1.2 × 10 −6 ), though this result is driven largely by common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) bycatch. Beaked whales have not been observed entangled in this fishery since 1995, the last full year of fishing without acoustic pingers. Pinger failure (≥1 nonfunctioning pingers in a net) was noted in 3.7% of observed sets. In sets where the number of failed pingers was recorded, approximately 18% of deployed pingers had failed. Cetacean bycatch rates were 10 times higher in sets where ≥1 pingers failed versus sets without pinger failure (p = 0.002), though sample sizes for sets with pinger failure were small. No evidence of habituation to pingers by cetaceans was apparent over a 14-year period of use. BycatchratesofCaliforniasealionsinsetswith ≥30pingerswerenearlydoublethat of sets without pingers, which prompted us to examine the potential “dinner bell” effects of pingers. Depredation of swordfish catch by California sea lions was not linkedtopingeruse—thebestpredictors ofdepredationweretotalswordfishcatch, month fished, area fished, and nighttime use of deck lights on vessels.
The Inflation Target of the ECB: Does the Balassa-Samuelson Effect Matter?

This paper argues that the Balassa-Samuelson effect is not of importance for the inflation target of the ECB. First, econometric tests of the Balassa-Samuelson effect suggest that its econometric significance is weak at best. Second, countries in the process of catching up require a real devaluation in the sector of tradable goods to maintain balance-of-payments equilibrium which counters the real appreciation resulting from a relative increase in service prices. It follows that whereas the Balassa-Samuelson effect could, at least in theory, be used to justify an inflation target well above zero, thedifference in productivity growth and thus the difference in the size of the Balassa-Samuelson effect between countries as such cannot.
The Variability of Growth Hormone Gene Associated with Ultrasound Imaging of Longissimus dorsi Muscle and Perirenal Fat in Rabbits

T. I. Amalianingsiha,c, �. �rahmantiyo b, & Jakariac,* aMajor Program of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University bIndonesian Research Institute for Animal Production Jln. Veteran III, Desa Banjarwaru, Ciawi Bogor 16002, Indonesia cDepartment of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University Jln. Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia (Received 03-03-2014; Reviewed 21-03-2014; Accepted 28-04-2014)
Modification and Optimization of Pollards's Factorization $\rho$-Method by Means of Recursive Algorithm of Number Calculation Factorization

Investigations of cryptographic algorithms for today are very actually in connection with cybernetic attacks threat and necessity of information protection at the enterprises of various levels including the strategic appointment. The project implementation of John Pollard's factorization $\rho$-method in the programming language $C++$ is presented, which works faster than the standard algorithm by 27%. It can facilitate greatly the deciphering operation and cryptographic analysis of various ciphers such as RSA cipher.
Evaluation of potential drug-drug interactions in patients with hematologic malignancies at a referral hematology–oncology hospital: A single-center experience

Background: Drug-drug interaction (DDI) is a complication that results from the combined use of two or more drugs. DDIs can create problems and increase drug toxicity. In some DDIs, a drug can reduce the effectiveness of other drugs. The treatment regimen of hematologic malignancies includes various medicines. Patients may have another disease and receive other medicines in their treatment regimen, resulting in an elevation of DDI rate. This study was aimed to study the rate, pattern, and probable risk factors for moderate and major interactions. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data including type of administrated drugs, type of malignancies, and patients’ demographic data were obtained from medical records of patients referred to Tohid Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran, between 2011 and 2015. Major or moderate interactions were considered eligible for further analysis and minor interactions were excluded. DDIs were identified by Lexicomp software and Drug Interaction Facts book. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 441 DDIs (moderate to major) were identified in 76 patients. DDIs in men were higher compared to women. In addition, most of the interactions in terms of intensity were moderate (62% of total interactions) and in terms of mechanism were pharmacodynamic (60% of total interactions). Interaction between acetaminophen and granisetron had the highest frequency. Among cancer drugs, cyclophosphamide (7% of total interactions) and among non-cancer drugs, granisetron (10% of total interactions) had the highest frequencies. Conclusion: Moderate or major DDIs occurred frequently in patients with blood cancer or related diseases. Most of the found DDIs were categorized as moderate with regard to severity. DDIs identification by the treatment team and replacement of treatment regimen will impose fewer complications on patients and increase patients’ survival.
Nucleon form factors with 2 + 1 flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions

We report our numerical lattice QCD calculations of the isovector nucleon form factors for the vector and axialvector currents: the vector, induced tensor, axialvector, and induced pseudoscalar form factors. The calculation is carried out with the gauge configurations generated with N{sub f} = 2+1 dynamical domain wall fermions and Iwasaki gauge actions at {beta} = 2.13, corresponding to a cutoff a{sup -1} = 1.73 GeV, and a spatial volume of (2.7 fm){sup 3}. The up and down quark masses are varied so the pion mass lies between 0.33 and 0.67 GeV while the strange quark mass is about 12% heavier than the physical one. We calculate the form factors in the range of momentum transfers, 0.2 6 is required to ensure that finite volume effects are below 1%. « less
Internet Gaming Disorder and Gambling Disorder: A Comparison of Individual Psychological Factors

In 2013, Internet gaming disorder (IGD) was added to the DSM-V under the category of disorders needing further research. IGD research is inconsistent in the definition and measure of the disorder but it has been compared to gambling disorder (GD) as the only other behavioural addiction in the DSM. The current review seeks to answer the question of how GD and IGD differ and converge on individual psychological risk factors. Six seminal studies are systematically reviewed and identify comorbid symptoms, personality and temperament traits, beliefs about illusory control, and measures of well-being. Studies presented IGD as a distinct disorder from GD but failed to clarify the psychological profile of IGD individuals. Gaining further insight into the differences between the two disorders can provide clarification in the diagnosis and treatment implementations.
Molecular profiles of BRCA1‐associated ovarian cancer treated by platinum‐based therapy: Analysis of primary, residual and relapsed tumors

Our study aimed to analyze the evolution of molecular portraits of BRCA1‐driven ovarian cancer (OC) during treatment. BRCA1 loss‐of‐heterozygosity status (LOH) and exome profiles were investigated in serial OC samples from 13 patients, which included primary tumors (n = 11) obtained before neoadjuvant therapy (NACT) or at primary debulking surgery, residual post‐NACT cancer tissues (n = 13) and tumor relapses (16 samples from 13 patients). Loss of the wild‐type BRCA1 allele was detected in 11/11 (100%) primary tumors, 6/13 (46%) residual post‐NACT OC samples and 15/16 (94%) OC relapses. Full tumor triplets were available for four patients undergoing NACT; whereas primary carcinomas from these patients demonstrated BRCA1 LOH, the retention of the wild‐type allele was detected in all four post‐NACT residual tumors. These four women provided to the study 5 recurrent OC samples; 4 out of 5 tumor relapses had BRCA1 LOH thus resembling BRCA1 status observed in primary but not residual OC tissues. TP53 mutation was detected in 12 out of 13 patients and was retained across all serial samples. OC relapses tended to acquire additional intragenic mutations in genes involved in cell migration, adhesion and cell junction assembly. BRCA1‐driven OCs demonstrate the plasticity of BRCA1 status during the treatment course. NACT results in rapid selection of pre‐existing BRCA1‐proficient cells. However, BRCA1 proficiency appears to be disadvantageous in the absence of platinum exposure, as tumor relapses usually re‐acquire BRCA1 LOH during therapy holidays.
Exercise interventions to prevent hamstring injuries in athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions for prevention of hamstring injuries in sport. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, ResearchGate, CINAHL, PEDro, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases were searched for randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies exploring the effects of exercise interventions on hamstring injury incidence. Subgroup analyses were performed to determine effects of several independent variables related to the interventions. Altogether, 17 studies were included. Exercise interventions decreased hamstring injury risk (RR = 0.49; 95%CI = 0.40–0.59; p < 0.001). There were similar effects found for interventions performed ≤2 times per week (RR = 0.35; 95%CI = 0.15–0.82) and the interventions performed >2 times per week (RR = 0.44; 95%CI = 0.31–0.61). Similarly, there were similar effects found for the interventions with progressive increase in load (RR = 0.53; 95%CI = 0.37–0.74) and the interventions with constant loads (RR = 0.46; 95%CI = 0.36–0.58). Other subgroup analyses (intervention supervision, sport type, inclusion of Nordic hamstring exercise and type of the trial) also showed no indications on specific characteristics of the interventions, that increase the preventive effects. Our findings showed that hamstring injury incidence can be decreased with exercise-based interventions, and that weekly frequency and load progression are not among the most important variables to consider in prevention programmes design.
The Employment Advantages of Skilled Urban Areas

This paper explores whether the agglomeration of human capital leads to social employment advantages in urban labor markets of a developing country: Colombia. I estimate the social effects of human capital agglomeration by comparing employment opportunities of individuals located in urban areas in which the level of education differs. Results show that employment opportunities are higher on average in skilled urban areas. Three explanations have been offered: human capital externalities, production complementarities, and consumption spillovers. To distinguish between them, I analyze the effect of an increase on the college share on the employment rate for different education groups. Spatial employment differences in Colombia are mostly explained by human capital externalities and production complementarities.
Pilot KaVA monitoring on the M87 jet: confirming the inner jet structure and superluminal motions at sub-pc scales

We report the initial results of our high-cadence monitoring program on the radio jet in the active galaxy M87, obtained by the KVN and VERA Array (KaVA) at 22 GHz. This is a pilot study that preceded a larger KaVA-M87 monitoring program, which is currently ongoing. The pilot monitoring was mostly performed every two to three weeks from December 2013 to June 2014, at a recording rate of 1 Gbps, obtaining the data for a total of 10 epochs. We successfully obtained a sequence of good quality radio maps that revealed the rich structure of this jet from <~1 mas to 20 mas, corresponding to physical scales (projected) of ~0.1-2 pc (or ~140-2800 Schwarzschild radii). We detected superluminal motions at these scales, together with a trend of gradual acceleration. The first evidence for such fast motions and acceleration near the jet base were obtained from recent VLBA studies at 43 GHz, and the fact that very similar kinematics are seen at a different frequency and time with a different instrument suggests these properties are fundamental characteristics of this jet. This pilot program demonstrates that KaVA is a powerful VLBI array for studying the detailed structural evolution of the M87 jet and also other relativistic jets.
Workers’ remittances impact on the economic growth: Evidence from capital inflows in Bangladesh

This paper examines the macroeconomic determinants of workers’ remittances in Bangladesh. Multiple regressions find that the macroeconomic variables such as real gross domestic product (RGDP), workers’ remittances (WREMI), foreign direct investment (FDI), official development assistant (ODA), inflation rates (INFRAT) of Bangladesh have significant impact on RGDP. The study focused on the importance of WREMI inflow and its implication for economic growth in Bangladesh. Using time series data over a 35 year period, by using estimated multiple regressions approach, we analyze the impact of WREMI inflow on economic growth in Bangladesh for the period 1976-2010. WREMI income increased from low $24 million in 1976 to over $11.1 billion in 2010 (WDI, 2011). WREMI is one of the major sources of foreign exchange earnings and it exceeded FDI and ODA inflows to the developing countries (World Bank, 2006) and we found that growth in WREMI does lead to economic growth in Bangladesh. The paper also discusses economic growth issues arising from the results of the analysis in relation to WREMI in association with macroeconomic determinants. This determinant is statistically significant, supporting a mediating effect of investment between WREMI and economic growth and shows that WREMI effect on growth of RGDP positively and significant impact on foreign reserves in both the short run and long run.
Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis of the EU DEMO Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed Breeding Blanket Using the GETTHEM Code

The GEneral Tokamak THErmal-hydraulic Model – GETTHEM has been updated to the most recent version of the EU DEMO Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) Breeding Blanket (BB) design. The GETTHEM results are first benchmarked in a controlled case against the results of 3D Computational FluidDynamics computations, showing an acceptable accuracy despite the inherent simplifications in the GETTHEM model. GETTHEM is then applied to the evaluation of the poloidal hot-spot temperature distribution in an entire BB segment, showing that the maximum temperature in the EUROFER structures overcomes the design limit of 550 °C by more than 50 °C in some Blanket Modules. A possible mitigation strategy is then proposed and analyzed, based on the idea of cooling the First Wall in parallel with the breeding zone, showing that this solution would allow having the EUROFER in its working temperature range in the entire segment, although at the expense of a larger pressure drop.
Fecundity of Morocco Dentex Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 Distributed in Izmir Bay (Central Aegean Sea of Turkey)

In this study, the reproductive properties of the Dentex maroccanus species distributed in the Aegean Sea were determined. A total of 439 fish were collected during the period from December 2012 to March 2014 from the commercial fishers who seasonally hunt in the Foca-Mordogan region (Izmir, Turkey) were examined. After the measurement of the total lengths and body and gonad weights of the fish samples in the laboratory, their sexes were identified, which revealed that 140 of the samples were male, 206 of the samples were female and 93 of the sample were undeterminated. The female:male ratio was 1.5:1. The 5-point maturity phase discrimination method developed by Holden and Raitt for maturity stages in 1974 was macroscopically examined for female and male fish specimens. A total of 16 ovaries, which were determined to be at the 3rd and 4th stages of maturity according to the method, were used to determine fecundity. The gonadosomatic index values that were calculated based on the seasons revealed that the reproductive period of the species was summer (2.87) and autumn (2.10). The first maturation length for the species was 13.4 cm. Estimates of total fecundity varied between 74252 and 201187 eggs (mean: 123263±44586). There was an exponential relationship between fecundity and total length as F = 10.643L3. 111. The diameter of the mature eggs ranged from 0.49 mm to 0.67 mm (mean: 0.59±0.06 mm).
Comparison of central venous catheter in brachiocephalic vein and internal jugular vein for the incidence of complications in patients undergoing radiology

Introduction: Central venous catheter (CVC) is an essential part of modern medical care that delivers the drugs, intravenous fluids, and intravenous feeding to the vein. So far, limited studies have been carried out on the brachiocephalic vein (BCV) in adults. This study aimed to compare the CVC in the internal jugular vein (IJV) and BCV in order to ease of access and incidence of complication such as infectious and mechanical complications. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 52 patients who underwent BCV and the IJV catheterization. The patients were compared in two groups of IJV and BCV in order to facilitate catheterization and measure the success rate and catheterization-induced complications. The difference between the two groups was analyzed by Independent t-test and Chi-square tests. Results: Overall, 52 patients underwent intravenous catheterization. The success rate of catheterization in the first attempt was 100%. The problems of catheterization procedure in the IJV group (11.5%) were greater than the BCV group (6.6%). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the duration of catheterization, pneumothorax, emphysema, hematoma, arterial puncture, infection, and complete thrombosis, whereas the partial thrombosis in the IJV group (30.76%) was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than the BCV group (23.07%). Conclusion: Catheterization in both brachiocephalic and the IJV is an appropriate, highly efficient, stable, and safe procedure and ultrasound-guided catheterization is very reliable and safe method.
Examining the Boundary Effect of Information Systems Security Behavior Under Different Usage Purposes

The purpose of information systems (IS) security behavior, represented by the difference between work and personal purpose, has been neglected in the research of user’s IS security behavior. This is especially important for the organizations that allow or inevitably allow their employees to do personal tasks during work hours, because it may bring big threats to an organization’s IS. Unfortunately, few empirical studies have examined if different behavioral purpose, typically, work/personal purpose, affects users’ IS security behavior decision. Based on boundary theory and the idea of multidimensional rationality, we argue that people demarcate a psychological boundary for work and personal usages of IS and thus apply different rationalities to make IS security-related decisions. Our empirical investigation indicates that in a work usage context, people apply rule-based rationality and therefore are more influenced by mandatoriness and facilitating conditions. Whereas in a personal usage context, people apply outcome-based rationality and therefore are more concerned with task benefits and costs. The findings imply that organizations and vendors may devise different measures to ensure users’ IS security behavior in different contexts.
Soil and foliar fertilization affects mineral contents in Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'rebula' leaves

Grapevine nutrient oversupply as well as shortage can both result in unbalanced vine growth and poor grape production. Mineral fertilization is a powerful tool also in viticulture in order to increase yields and improve grape quality. The trial carried out in Slovenian winegrowing region investigated the effects of basic fertilization coupled with soil or foliar applications of fertilizers containing Mg and Fe on the concentration of K, Mg, Fe and Zn in the grapevines leaves at berry set and veraison. The results obtained in a 2-years study (2008-09) with seven different fertilization treatments (along with control) showed that fertilization with K decreased Mg uptake almost on a half comparing to untreated vines, resulting in basal leaves chlorosis. High K/Mg ratio, determining low Mg uptake, was not lowered in our trial neither by foliar spraying nor by fertirigation with MgSO 4 solution. On the other hand, Mg application in addition to Fe supply had same effect on soil Zn uptake and its accumulation in the leaf petioles. Moreover, foliar Fe fertilization enhanced Fe levels in blades at berry set and to a lesser extent also at veraison.
SMEs Decision-Makers’ Culture Characteristics and Risk Perception Associated with Exporting: An exploratory study

This paper explores the influence of the Culture characteristics on the risk perceptions of decision-makers within small and medium sized (SME) businesses considering (or engaged in) exporting within the Saudi Arabia. Currently there is a paucity of research examining individual-level differences and the decision to export within manufacturing settings. Moreover, this is the first examination of the influence of SMEs decision-makers culture characteristics within the Saudi Arabian contexts. A total of twenty two interviews with Saudi SMEs mangers/owners within manufacturing industries were completed. The results suggest that managers’ Culture characteristics (operationalised as Hofested ‘s Five Dimensional Model) influence their perceptions of risks associated with the exporting decision. Keywords : Risk perception, Saudi Arabia, SMEs decision-makers, Culture characteristics, Exporting SMEs, Saudi SMEs, Small Businesses
The HKT Transporter HvHKT1;5 Negatively Regulates Salt Tolerance1

A high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) facilitates Na+ loading from roots to shoots in barley and its lower expression can enhance salt tolerance, which shows a potential way to improve salt tolerance of barley as well as other cereal crops. Maintaining low intracellular Na+ concentrations is an essential physiological strategy in salt stress tolerance in most cereal crops. Here, we characterized a member of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family in barley (Hordeum vulgare), HvHKT1;5, which negatively regulates salt tolerance and has different functions from its homology in other cereal crops. HvHKT1;5 encodes a plasma membrane protein localized to root stele cells, particularly in xylem parenchyma cells adjacent to the xylem vessels. Its expression was highly induced by salt stress. Heterogenous expression of HvHKT1;5 in Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that HvHKT1;5 was permeable to Na+, but not to K+, although its Na+ transport activity was inhibited by external K+. HvHKT1;5 knockdown barley lines showed improved salt tolerance, a dramatic decrease in Na+ translocation from roots to shoots, and increases in K+/Na+ when compared with wild-type plants under salt stress. The negative regulation of HvHKT1;5 in salt tolerance distinguishes it from other HKT1;5 members, indicating that barley has a distinct Na+ transport system. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the functions of HKT family members and the regulation of HvHKT1;5 in improving salt tolerance of barley.