Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AdS backgrounds from black hole horizons

We utilize the classification of IIB horizons with 5-form flux to present a unified description for the geometry of AdSn, n = 3, 5, 7 solutions. In particular, we show that all such backgrounds can be constructed from eight-dimensional 2-strong Calabi–Yau geometries with torsion which admit some additional isometries. We explore the geometry of AdS3 and AdS5 solutions but we do not find AdS7 solutions.
Elevated levels of peripheral‐blood, naturally occurring aliphatic polyamines in bronchial asthmatic patients with active symptoms

The levels of peripheral‐blood, naturally occurring aliphatic polyamines, such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, from 21 bronchial asthmatic patients (11 atopics and 10 nonatopics) were measured by postcolumn derivatization high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. None of the patients, except the 44‐year‐old woman in the case report below, were given prednisolone, and they were instructed to take only regular medication during the tests. Blood was drawn from the patients in a fasting state, and the polyamine levels were compared between the times when they were free of asthmatic symptoms and when they had mild spontaneous attacks. Nine (5 atopics and 4 nonatopics), 6 (3 atopics and 3 nonatopics), and 4 (3 atopics and 1 nonatopic) out of 20 patients, when they had relatively mild asthmatic attacks, showed higher putrescine, spermidine, and spermine levels, respectively, than those of normal healthy control subjects. The levels of peripheral blood polyamines from a 44–year‐old atopic bronchial asthmatic woman, who was admitted to the hospital with severe asthmatic attacks, were measured serially, and the putrescine and spermidine levels were found to be elevated during the asthmatic attacks, returning to normal levels in parallel with the clinical course. These data may suggest a role for naturally occurring aliphatic polyamines in bronchial asthma.
Easing Scientific Computing and Federated Management in the Cloud with OCCI

One of the benefits of OCCI stems from simplifying the life of developers aiming to integrate multiple cloud managers. It provides them with a single protocol to abstract the differences between cloud service implementations used on sites run by different providers. This comes particularly handy in federated clouds, such as the EGI Federated Cloud Platform, which bring together providers who run different cloud management platforms on their sites: most notably OpenNebula, OpenStack, or Synnefo. Thanks to the wealth of approaches and tools now available to developers of virtual resource management solutions, different paths may be chosen, ranging from a small-scale use of an existing command line client or single-user graphical interface, to libraries ready for integration with large workload management frameworks and job submission portals relied on by large science communities across Europe. From lone wolves in the long-tail of science to virtual organizations counting thousands of users, OCCI simplifies their life through standardization, unification, and simplification. Hence cloud applications based on OCCI can focus on user specifications, saving cost and reaching a robust development life-cycle. To demonstrate this, the paper shows several EGI Federated Cloud experiences, demonstrating the possible approaches and design principles.
Coexistence of chaotic and non-chaotic states in the two-dimensional Gauss – Navier – Stokes dynamics

Recently, Gallavotti proposed an Equivalence Conjecture in hydrodynamics, which states that forced-damped fluids can be equally well represented by means of the Navier–Stokes equations (NS) and by means of time reversible modifications of NS called Gauss–Navier–Stokes equations (GNS). This Equivalence Conjecture received numerical support in several recent papers concerning two-dimensional fluid mechanics. The corresponding results rely on the fact that the NS and GNS systems only have one attracting set. Performing similar two-dimensional simulations, we find that there are conditions to be met by the GNS system for this to be the case. In particular, increasing the Reynolds number, while keeping fixed the number of Fourier modes, leads to the coexistence of different attractors. This makes difficult a test of the Equivalence Conjecture, but constitutes a spurious effect due to the insufficient spectral resolution. With sufficiently fine spectral resolution, the steady states are unique and the Equivalence Conjecture can be conveniently established. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS:05.70. Ln; 47.27. Ak; 65.50. +m
Highly Conserved Small Subunit Residues Influence Rubisco Large Subunit Catalysis*

The chloroplast enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of photosynthetic CO2 fixation. With a deeper understanding of its structure-function relationships and competitive inhibition by O2, it may be possible to engineer an increase in agricultural productivity and renewable energy. The chloroplast-encoded large subunits form the active site, but the nuclear-encoded small subunits can also influence catalytic efficiency and CO2/O2 specificity. To further define the role of the small subunit in Rubisco function, the 10 most conserved residues in all small subunits were substituted with alanine by transformation of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant that lacks the small subunit gene family. All the mutant strains were able to grow photosynthetically, indicating that none of the residues is essential for function. Three of the substitutions have little or no effect (S16A, P19A, and E92A), one primarily affects holoenzyme stability (L18A), and the remainder affect catalysis with or without some level of associated structural instability (Y32A, E43A, W73A, L78A, P79A, and F81A). Y32A and E43A cause decreases in CO2/O2 specificity. Based on the x-ray crystal structure of Chlamydomonas Rubisco, all but one (Glu-92) of the conserved residues are in contact with large subunits and cluster near the amino- or carboxyl-terminal ends of large subunit α-helix 8, which is a structural element of the α/β-barrel active site. Small subunit residues Glu-43 and Trp-73 identify a possible structural connection between active site α-helix 8 and the highly variable small subunit loop between β-strands A and B, which can also influence Rubisco CO2/O2 specificity.
Glacier Extent During the Younger Dryas and 8.2-ka Event on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada

Cooling Year-Round Ice cores from Greenland show that several abrupt cooling events occurred during the last glacial period and early Holocene—two of the most dramatic being the Younger Dryas [which lasted from around 12.9 to 11.7 thousand years ago (ka)] and 8.2-ka event (which began around 8200 years ago and lasted for ∼150 years). Wintertime temperatures in Greenland during the Younger Dryas seem to have been relatively lower than summertime temperatures although it is not clear if the 8.2-ka event experienced the same pattern of seasonal cooling. Young et al. (p. 1330) report observations of the positions of the leading edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet and mountain glaciers on Baffin Island during the 8.2-ka event and find that mountain glaciers were larger than their predecessors during the Younger Dryas. It seems that cooling during the 8.2-ka event was more evenly distributed across the seasons than it was during that earlier cold period. Cooling during the event that occurred 8.2 thousand years ago was less extreme but more evenly distributed across the seasons than during the Younger Dryas. Greenland ice cores reveal that mean annual temperatures during the Younger Dryas (YD) cold interval—about 12.9 to 11.7 thousand years ago (ka)—and the ~150-year-long cold reversal that occurred 8.2 thousand years ago were ~15° and 3° to 4°C colder than today, respectively. Reconstructing ice-sheet response to these climate perturbations can help evaluate ice-sheet sensitivity to climate change. Here, we report the widespread advance of Laurentide Ice Sheet outlet glaciers and independent mountain glaciers on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada, in response to the 8.2-ka event and show that mountain glaciers during the 8.2-ka event were larger than their YD predecessors. In contrast to the wintertime bias of YD cooling, we suggest that cooling during the 8.2-ka event was more evenly distributed across the seasons.
Comprehensive analysis of ADAMTS13 in patients with liver cirrhosis

Summary Decreased plasma ADAMTS13 activity (ADAMTS13:AC) results in the accumulation of unusually large von Willebrand factor multimer (UL-VWFM) and the formation of platelet thrombi. It remains controversial whether or not plasma ADAMTS13:AC decreases in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), and its relationship to clinical features has not been fully investigated. We measured ADAMTS13:AC and its related parameters in plasma in 33 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and in 109 patients with LC. ADAMTS13:AC decreased with increasing severity of liver disease (controls means 100%, CH 87%, Child A-LC 79%, Child B-LC 63%, and Child C-LC 31%), and showed severe deficiency (<3% of controls) in five end-stage LC. Activities measured by act-ELISA strongly correlated with those determined by the VWFM assay and ADAMTS13 antigen. Multivariate analysis showed Child-Pugh score and spleen volume independent factors contributing to ADAMTS13:AC. VWFM patterns were normal in 53% of cases, degraded in 31%, and unusually large in 16%. Patients with unusually large VWFM had the lowest ADAMTS13:AC as well as the highest Child-Pugh score, serum creatinine and blood ammonia levels. Plasma inhibitor against ADAMTS13 detected in 83% of patients with severe to moderate ADAMTS13:AC deficiency mostly showed marginal zone between 0.5 and 1.0 BU/ml. The IgG-type autoantibodies specific to plasma derived-ADAMTS13 was detected by Western blot in only five end-stage LC with severe ADAMTS13:AC deficiency. In conclusion, both plasma ADAMTS13 activity and antigen levels decreased with increasing severity of cirrhosis. An imbalance between the decreased ADAMTS13:AC and its increased substrate may reflect the predisposing state for platelet thrombi formation in patients with advanced LC.
Gender Differences in Dermatoses at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals’ Complex, Ile-Ife

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the dermatoses associated with gender in this geographical area. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Dermatology Clinics of OAU Teaching Hospitals’ Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria between October 2009 and September 2012. Original Research Article Oninla et al.; BJMMR, 17(4): 1-12, 2016; Article no.BJMMR. 28043 2 Methodology: Recruitment of consecutive patients presenting with skin diseases was done on two days in a week during the study period. Demographic data on age, gender and symptoms were taken, and the diagnosis of presenting skin conditions documented. The results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS Inc. Released 2007. SPSS for Windows, Version 16.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc). The Odds ratio of dermatological diseases for both genders was obtained using WINPEPI 11.0 with 95% confidence interval and p value of 0.5 signifying a significant relationship between the dermatosis and gender type. Results: Patients studied were 1013, aged 18-90 years, and 55% females. The male gender was significantly associated with acne keloidalis nuchae, folliculitis/carbunculosis, seborrhoeic eczema, lichen simplex chronicus, and Hansen’s disease. Drug reactions, seborrhoeic keratosis, miliaria rubra, and papular urticaria were, however, the only significant diseases in females. Conclusion: Certain skin diseases are indeed significantly associated with gender. For some of these diseases, differences in the biophysical profile of the male and female have been found responsible. Other factors such as occupation predisposing to gender predilection will need to be further elucidated.
INDIVIDUAL SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Individual socioeconomic status refers to the position on the socioeconomic ladder of persons or families

The present editorial discusses whether socioeconomic status of the individual and of the neighbourhood could be important in prevalence, treatment and prevention of psychiatric morbidity. Previous research showed that patients diagnosed with mental disorders are concentrated in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. This could be the result of (1) an association between individual socioeconomic status and mental health, (2) an association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and mental health, or (3) social selection. Research disentangling associations between individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic status on the one hand and mental health outcomes on the other, reported that neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with individual mental health over and above individual-level socioeconomic status, indicating deleterious effects for all inhabitants both poor and affluent. In conclusion, subjective mental health outcomes showed stronger evidence for an effect of neighbourhood socioeconomic status than research focussing on treated incidence. Within the group of patients, however, service use was higher in patients living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Social capital was identified as one of the mechanisms whereby neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage may become associated with observed reductions in mental health. After controlling for individual socioeconomic status, there is evidence for an association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and objective as well as subjective mental health in adults. Evidence for such an association in young children is even stronger.
Undiagnosed HIV among people who inject drugs in Manipur, India

Manipur is a geographically isolated state of India characterised by a high HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID). A low-to-moderate lifetime rate of HIV testing has been documented amongst PWID in Manipur. Little is known about the extent of undiagnosed HIV in this setting and whether uptake of HIV testing (and knowledge of a positive diagnosis) leads HIV-positive PWID to change their risk behaviours. The cross-sectional data (n = 821) analysed for this paper were collected in 2009 for the Integrated Behavioural and Biological Assessment (IBBA) using interviewer-administered questionnaires and the collection of de-linked blood and urine samples. Almost one-third (30.7%) of the participants tested HIV positive. The majority knew where to obtain a confidential HIV test (80.7%), however, half of the HIV-positive participants had either never had an HIV test (37.7%), or had undertaken a test without collecting the result (12.7%). Almost one-quarter (23.4%) of the HIV-positive participants and 17.4% of the HIV-negative participants had shared a needle/syringe with at least one other injector during the preceding month. Encouragingly, HIV-positive participants were significantly more likely than HIV-negative participants to use condoms with their regular sexual partners, however, there was still a high proportion of HIV-positive participants who did not use a condom at last sex with their regular (47.2%) or casual (48.0%) partners. Having taken an HIV test and collected the result was associated with a reduction in HIV-risk behaviours among HIV-positive participants, but not among HIV-negative participants. In conclusion, we found that a substantial proportion of the HIV-positive PWID in Manipur were not aware of their positive status, and risky injecting and sexual practices were commonplace. However, HIV-positive PWID appear to reduce their high-risk behaviours when they become aware of their HIV status highlighting the importance of taking HIV testing coverage to scale.
Multiple Lead Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Comparative Study with Intrathecal Opioid Drug Delivery

The objective of this paper is to assess the outcome of implanted multiple thoracolumbar lead spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in mechanical back pain without prior spinal surgery. These results are compared with intrathecal opioid drug delivery (ITDD). An anonymous third party patient questionnaire study of pain relief, function and psychosocial quality of life measures (recorded on 11‐point numerical rating scales) for 12 patients with SCS and 13 with ITDD was used. Pain was significantly reduced with multiple lead SCS from a median of 9.0–6.5 (p < 0.01) and with ITDD from a median of 8.5–5.5 (p < 0.01). There was a trend towards greater reduction in pain in the ITDD group compared with the SCS group (pain differences 4.5 and 2.6, respectively) but this did not reach statistical significance. The majority of psychosocial quality of life measures were significantly more improved in the ITDD group compared with the SCS group (p < 0.05). We conclude that multiple‐lead SCS improves mechanical back pain in patients unresponsive to more conservative measures. However, ITDD provides significantly more improved quality of life measures, with a trend towards greater pain reduction than SCS.
Synchronization of chaotic systems: The effects of additive noise and drift in the dynamics of the driving.

We examine the effect of additive noise and drift, in the dynamics of a chaotic driving signal, on the synchronization of chaotic response systems. Simple scaling laws associated with the synchronization deviation level under these types of contamination are presented. Time series used as the driving signals are experimentally measured from an electronic circuit and a mechanical system (a vibrating wire). The response systems are models that were obtained by fitting an ordinary differential equation to time series data. The possible relevance of this work to nondestructive testing, system identification, and communications is discussed. Finally, we present some results regarding the relationship between the synchronization deviation level and the coupling strength.
Heritabilities and genetic correlations of growth and reproductive measurements in Hereford bulls.

Weight, hip height, heart girth, pelvic height, pelvic width and scrotal circumference were measured at 403 and 490 d on 427 Hereford bulls. The bulls were members of a random-selection herd so estimates of genetic parameters should have a minimum of bias due to selection. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated by normal paternal half-sib (PHS) correlation procedures. In addition, 256 son-sire pairs (RSS) were used to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations by regression and covariance methods. The PHS method produced heritability estimates in the range of . 41 to . 58 for all measures at both ages, with the exceptions of hip height at 403 d (.24) and pelvic height at 490 d (.23). The estimates derived in the RSS method ranged from . 10 to . 60. The RSS relationship would contain a portion of any maternal X direct covariance effects. A difference in heritability estimated by the two methods could be a reflection of this covariance. Genetic correlations tended to be larger than phenotypic and, in several cases, were negative. The difference in the correlation between two measurements taken at 403 d vs the same correlation estimated at 490 d was not readily explainable but may be evidence for differences in maturation rates or maternal effects. Scrotal circumference had a positive genetic correlation with weight and heart girth and near 0 or negative genetic correlations with pelvic measures. Hip height had positive genetic correlations with weight and heart girth at 403 and 490 d and with pelvic measurements at 403 d, but the correlations were not as large at 490 d. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Socio-demographic correlates of breast-feeding in urban slums of Chandigarh.

RESEARCH QUESTION Whether socio-demographic factors are associated with initiation of breast-feeding in urban slums of Chandigarh. OBJECTIVES (1) To study the prevailing breast-feeding practices adopted by mothers, (2) To study the socio-demographic factors associated with initiation of breast-feeding. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. PARTICIPANTS Mothers of infants willing to participate in the study in the selected area. SAMPLE SIZE A total of 270 respondents. STUDY VARIABLES Social and demographic characteristics like age, socioeconomic status, educational level, birth interval, parity, gender preference, natal care practices, etc.; and variables related to various aspects of breast-feeding practices like prelacteal feed, initiation of feeding, colostrum feeding, reasons of discarding colostrum, etc. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-square test and odd ratios along with their respective 95% confidence intervals, multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Out of all 270 respondents, 159 (58.9%) initiated breast-feeding within 6 h of birth, only 43 (15.9%) discarded colostrum and 108 (40.0%) mothers gave prelacteal feed. Illiterate/just literate mothers who delivered at home were found at significantly higher risk of delay in initiation of breast-feeding on the basis of multiple logistic regression analysis. SUGGESTIONS Promotion of institutional deliveries and imparting health education to mothers for protecting and promoting optimal breast-feeding practices are suggested.
What influences the worldwide genetic structure of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus)?

The interplay of natural selection and genetic drift, influenced by geographic isolation, mating systems and population size, determines patterns of genetic diversity within species. The sperm whale provides an interesting example of a long‐lived species with few geographic barriers to dispersal. Worldwide mtDNA diversity is relatively low, but highly structured among geographic regions and social groups, attributed to female philopatry. However, it is unclear whether this female philopatry is due to geographic regions or social groups, or how this might vary on a worldwide scale. To answer these questions, we combined mtDNA information for 1091 previously published samples with 542 newly obtained DNA profiles (394‐bp mtDNA, sex, 13 microsatellites) including the previously unsampled Indian Ocean, and social group information for 541 individuals. We found low mtDNA diversity (π = 0.430%) reflecting an expansion event <80 000 years bp, but strong differentiation by ocean, among regions within some oceans, and among social groups. In comparison, microsatellite differentiation was low at all levels, presumably due to male‐mediated gene flow. A hierarchical amova showed that regions were important for explaining mtDNA variance in the Indian Ocean, but not Pacific, with social group sampling in the Atlantic too limited to include in analyses. Social groups were important in partitioning mtDNA and microsatellite variance within both oceans. Therefore, both geographic philopatry and social philopatry influence genetic structure in the sperm whale, but their relative importance differs by sex and ocean, reflecting breeding behaviour, geographic features and perhaps a more recent origin of sperm whales in the Pacific. By investigating the interplay of evolutionary forces operating at different temporal and geographic scales, we show that sperm whales are perhaps a unique example of a worldwide population expansion followed by rapid assortment due to female social organization.