Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal pain symptoms among school-age adolescents: age and sex differences

Abstract Background and aims: Non-specific musculoskeletal pain symptoms are common in adolescents and may differ between the sexes, and be related to age and daily activities. It is critical to examine the prevalence and frequency of symptoms in adolescent students who tend to have pain which interferes with their routine activities. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and frequency of self-reported musculoskeletal pain symptoms by age and sex, and we also examined the association of symptoms with routine activities of school-age adolescents by area of pain. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Thai students aged 10–19 years. All 2,750 students were asked to report previous 7-day and/or 12-month pain using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (Thai version) in 10 body areas. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age and sex was used to analyze the association between daily activity and musculoskeletal pain symptoms. Results: A total of 76.1% (n=2,093) of students reported experiencing pain in the previous 7 days, 73.0% (n=2,007) reported in the previous 12-month period and 83.8% (n=2,304) reported pain in both 7-day and 12-month periods. The most common pain area was from a headache, with other areas being neck and shoulders, in that order, for both periods of time. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was especially higher in older groups and females. Participants reported frequency of pain as “sometimes in different areas” ranging from 78.4% to 88% and severity of pain at 3.82±2.06 out of 10 (95% CI 3.74–3.91). Routine daily activities associated with symptoms of headache, neck, shoulders, and ankles or feet pain were computer use (head, OR=2.22), school bag carrying (neck, OR=2.05), school bag carrying (shoulder, OR=3.09), and playing sports (ankle or foot, OR=2.68). Conclusions: The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain symptoms was high in both the previous 7-day and 12-month periods, especially in females and older adolescents, although most of them sometimes experienced pain. Computer use and school bag carrying were associated with headache, neck and shoulder pain, while playing sports was related to symptoms of the foot and ankle. Implications: The prevalence of pain was high, particularly in the older and female groups. Although they experienced mild symptoms sometimes, the related daily activities leading to these symptoms should be closely noticed.
ELDEN: Improved Entity Linking Using Densified Knowledge Graphs

Entity Linking (EL) systems aim to automatically map mentions of an entity in text to the corresponding entity in a Knowledge Graph (KG). Degree of connectivity of an entity in the KG directly affects an EL system’s ability to correctly link mentions in text to the entity in KG. This causes many EL systems to perform well for entities well connected to other entities in KG, bringing into focus the role of KG density in EL. In this paper, we propose Entity Linking using Densified Knowledge Graphs (ELDEN). ELDEN is an EL system which first densifies the KG with co-occurrence statistics from a large text corpus, and then uses the densified KG to train entity embeddings. Entity similarity measured using these trained entity embeddings result in improved EL. ELDEN outperforms state-of-the-art EL system on benchmark datasets. Due to such densification, ELDEN performs well for sparsely connected entities in the KG too. ELDEN’s approach is simple, yet effective. We have made ELDEN’s code and data publicly available.
Comparison of Antibacterial Activity of (-) Thioridazine and Racemic Thioridazine in Staphylococcus aureus

1Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark 3Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark 4Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA 5Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology. Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen. Denmark 6CelVivo IVS, Blommenslyst, Denmark 7Center for Biomembrane Physics (Memphys), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark *Address for Correspondence: Jette E. Kristiansen, Center for Biomembrane Physics (Memphys), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Tel: +457-444-9979; E-mail:
Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy for Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma

Objective: To compare aromatase inhibitors (AIs) with progestins as adjuvant hormonal therapy(AHT) for low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas (LGESSs). Methods: We reviewed cases with LGESS at our institution from 1984 to 2017. Disease recurrence and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were assessed among patients who received AI, progestins, or no AHT. Results: Among 39 patients with LGESS, 18 received progestins, 13 received AI, and 8 received no AHT. Thirty patients had stage I disease, and 9 had stage II to IV disease. All underwent hysterectomies. Disease recurred in 70% (7/10) of stage I patients who received no AHT, compared to 14.3% (1/7) receiving AI, and 7.7% (1/13) receiving progestins (P = .003). Among stage I patients taking AI, mean RFS was 153.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 110-195.6) versus 306.2 months (95% CI: 259.7-352.6) for progestin patients and 90.8 months (95% CI: 56.8-124.9) for those who received no AHT. In stage II to IV patients, mean RFS was 148.5 months (95% CI: 148.5-148.5) and 120.8 months (95% CI: 55.8-185.9) for the AI and progestin groups, respectively. All stage II to IV patients received AHT. Among stage I patients, median follow-up time for RFS was 159.1 months for progestin patients, 52.6 months for AI, and 53.1 months for those who received no AHT. Of this, 69% of stage I patients taking progestins reduced/stopped treatment prematurely due to side effects. None of the patients taking AI discontinued treatment early. Conclusion: Aromatase inhibitor is associated with longer RFS in patients with advanced LGESS, is better tolerated than progestins, and can be primary AHT for LGESS.
Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Virulent and Attenuated Ehrlichia ruminantium Strains Highlighted Strong Regulation of map1- and Metabolism Related Genes

The obligate intracellular pathogenic bacterium, Ehrlichia ruminantium, is the causal agent of heartwater, a fatal disease in ruminants transmitted by Amblyomma ticks. So far, three strains have been attenuated by successive passages in mammalian cells. The attenuated strains have improved capacity for growth in vitro, whereas they induced limited clinical signs in vivo and conferred strong protection against homologous challenge. However, the mechanisms of pathogenesis and attenuation remain unknown. In order to improve knowledge of E. ruminantium pathogenesis, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of two distant strains of E. ruminantium, Gardel and Senegal, and their corresponding attenuated strains. Overall, our results showed an upregulation of gene expression encoding for the metabolism pathway in the attenuated strains compared to the virulent strains, which can probably be associated with higher in vitro replicative activity and a better fitness to the host cells. We also observed a significant differential expression of membrane protein-encoding genes between the virulent and attenuated strains. A major downregulation of map1-related genes was observed for the two attenuated strains, whereas upregulation of genes encoding for hypothetical membrane proteins was observed for the four strains. Moreover, CDS_05140, which encodes for a putative porin, displays the highest gene expression in both attenuated strains. For the attenuated strains, the significant downregulation of map1-related gene expression and upregulation of genes encoding other membrane proteins could be important in the implementation of efficient immune responses after vaccination with attenuated vaccines. Moreover, this study revealed an upregulation of gene expression for 8 genes encoding components of Type IV secretion system and 3 potential effectors, mainly in the virulent Gardel strain. Our transcriptomic study, supported by previous proteomic studies, provides and also confirms new information regarding the characterization of genes involved in E. ruminantium virulence and attenuation mechanisms.
Pruning Basic Elements for Better Automatic Evaluation of Summaries

We propose a simple but highly effective automatic evaluation measure of summarization, pruned Basic Elements (pBE). Although the BE concept is widely used for the automated evaluation of summaries, its weakness is that it redundantly matches basic elements. To avoid this redundancy, pBE prunes basic elements by (1) disregarding frequency count of basic elements and (2) reducing semantically overlapped basic elements based on word similarity. Even though it is simple, pBE outperforms ROUGE in DUC datasets in most cases and achieves the highest rank correlation coefficient in TAC 2011 AESOP task.
Design of Triple Band Differential Rectenna for RF Energy Harvesting

A triple band differential rectenna for RF energy harvesting applications is proposed in this paper. The rectenna is designed to operate in frequency bands of universal mobile telecommunication service (2.1 GHz), lower WLAN/Wi-Fi (2.4–2.48 GHz), and WiMAX (3.3–3.8 GHz). For designing the proposed rectenna, first a differentially fed multiband slot antenna that works as the front-end receiving unit is designed, fabricated, and tested to check its performance. It is observed that a peak antenna gain of 7, 5.5, and 9.2 dBi is achieved at 2, 2.5, and 3.5 GHz, respectively. In the next step, a triple band differential rectifier is designed using the Villard voltage doubler where interdigital capacitors (IDCs) in lieu of lumped components are used. The full rectifier circuit comprising of the rectifying unit and impedance matching circuit is fabricated and tested to check its performance in the desired bands. The peak RF-dc conversion efficiency of 68% is obtained using the three-tone measurement. In the final stage, both antenna and the rectifier circuit are integrated through SMA connecter in order to implement the proposed rectenna. Measurement of the proposed rectenna shows an approximate maximum efficiency of 53% at 2 GHz, 31% at 2.5 GHz, and 15.56% at 3.5 GHz.
Character association and path analysis for yield attributes in full sib progenies in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill sp.).

The estimates of nature and magnitude of association of seed yield with other components and their direct effects on seed yield were studied in Pigeonpea. Character association studies indicated that branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod and 100 seed weight were strongly associated with seed yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that 100 seed weight, days to maturity, days to 50 per cent flowering, pod length and seeds per pod had high positive direct effect on seed yield. It is inferred that for improving seed yield in pigeonpea, due emphasis should be given on characters viz., branches per plant, clusters per plant, pods per plant, seeds per plant and 100 seed weight.
Anisotropic material transport by eddies and eddy-driven currents in a model of the North Atlantic

Abstract This study analyzes anisotropic properties of the material transport by eddies and eddy-driven zonal jets in a general circulation model of the North Atlantic through the analysis of Lagrangian particle trajectories. Spreading rates—defined here as half the rate of change in the particle dispersion—in the zonal direction systematically exceed the meridional rates by an order of magnitude. Area-averaged values for the upper-ocean zonal and meridional spreading rates are approximately 8100 and 1400 m2 s−1, respectively, and in the deep ocean they are 2400 and 200 m2 s−1. The results demonstrate that this anisotropy is mainly due to the action of the transient eddies and not to the shear dispersion associated with the time-mean jets. This property is consistent with the fact that eddies in this study have zonally elongated shapes. With the exception of the upper-ocean subpolar gyre, eddies also cause the superdiffusive zonal spreading, significant variations in the spreading rate in the vertical and.
Modeling reaction front propagation of intermetallic compounds by using isogeometric analysis

This paper is concerned with the modeling of InterMetallic Compound (IMC) formation in tin (Sn) based solders on copper (Cu) interconnects. IMC formation is the result of diffusion and chemical reaction processes. There is a change in shape and volume between the products and reactants, and, consequently, in addition to temperature it is driven and impeded by the resulting residual stresses and strains. Strictly speaking IMC formation is based on multi-component diffusion in solids, including vacancies as a migrating species leading to Kirkendall voiding, and in addition to mechanical stress it can be enhanced by electric currents. In order to get a first cut at the problem we developed a general numerical procedure, based on isogeometric analysis in combination with FE-modeling, for solving boundary value problems for elastic solids undergoing chemical transformations and specialized it to IMC formation. The kinetic equation for the reaction front propagation is based on an expression for the chemical affinity tensor, which allows us to study the influence of stresses and strains on the chemical reaction rate and the normal component of the reaction front velocity. Isogeometric analysis is highly accurate when finding the normal to the reaction front, and it is applied by using the commercial FE code Abaqus for a numerical simulation of the front propagation. In order to test and demonstrate the capabilities of the developed procedures an idealized problem is considered: The propagation along a straight front is examined and compared to analytical results.
Examining the boron isotope-pH proxy : the role of vital effects on δ 11 B of Porites coral and implications for proxy use

The fundamental study on the ion-exchange separation of boron isotopes, Kakihana et al. (1977), set the stage for the further study of the boron isotope-pH proxy to be used in climate reconstructions. The proxy is based on a number of assumptions, which have proven difficult to constrain experimentally. Boron occurs in such small concentrations that it is difficult and sensitive to work with. Additionally, both biological and inorganic processes may affect the concentration and incorporation of boron in the carbonate lattice. However, many labs throughout the world are still doing important work on the topic and the future use of the proxy looks hopeful. This paper will begin by examining the historical and current studies on the boron isotope-pH proxy in order to synthesize the large amount of information available. Under the time and resource constraints of this senior project, individual research unfortunately was not possible. However, work done by Wang et al. (2013) will be used to analyze the vital effects of the Porites coral from Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, concurrently with available literature on the topic, in order to draw conclusions regarding the importance of vital effects for future use of the boron isotope-pH proxy. With more research into the mechanisms behind the δB changes due to vital effects in biogenic marine carbonates, future use of the proxy for paleoclimate reconstruction is still quite viable. 1. Introduction Since the realization of anthropogenic affects on Earth’s atmosphere and oceans over 100 years ago (Fourier, 1824; Tyndall, 1861; Arrhenius, 1896), scientists have attempted to reconstruct Earth’s past climates in order to help determine the potential future of the Earth. This is a daunting task and over the years scientists have tried a number of methods. Quantification of past CO2 concentrations is necessary in order to understand the exact sensitivity of climate to changing greenhouse gas concentrations. The pH of the surface ocean is a function of its alkalinity and total inorganic carbon concentration, properties which also control the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere. By 2001, ocean acidification increased 0.1 pH units relative to industrial times and is predicted to increase another 0.8 pH units by 2300 (Pelejero, 2005). While qualitative representations can provide a general picture of the relationship between pCO2 and climate forcings, direct quantitative
Phytoplankton size diversity and ecosystem function relationships across oceanic regions

Trait diversity, a key component of biodiversity, mediates many essential ecosystem functions and services. However, the mechanisms behind such relationships at large spatial scales are not fully understood. Here we adopt the functional biogeography approach to investigate how the size composition of phytoplankton communities relates to primary production and export production along a broad latitudinal gradient. Using in situ phytoplankton size distribution data and a trait-based model, we find an increase in the average phytoplankton size, size diversity, primary production and export when moving from low to high latitudes. Our analysis indicates that the interplay between spatio-temporal heterogeneities in environmental conditions and a trade-off between the high affinity for nutrients of smaller cells and the ability to avoid predation by larger cells are the main mechanisms driving the observed patterns. Our results also suggest that variations in size diversity alone do not directly lead to changes in primary production and export. The trade-off thus introduces a feedback that influences the relationship between size diversity and ecosystem functions. These findings support the importance of environmentally mediated trade-offs as crucial mechanisms shaping biodiversity and ecosystem function relationships at large spatial scales.
Effect of Biliary Drainage on the Toxicity and Toxicokinetics of Amanita exitialis in Beagles

Amatoxin poisoning induces delayed-onset acute liver failure, which are responsible for more than 90% of deaths in mushroom poisoning. It has been postulated from animal and human studies that biliary drainage interrupting enterohepatic amatoxin circulation may affect amatoxin poisoning. Dogs were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each. In 20 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg with biliary drainage groups, after accepting bile drainage operation, beagles were fed Amanita exitialis powder (20 or 60 mg/kg) in starch capsules. In control and bile drainage groups, the beagle dogs were fed with empty capsules. They were assessed for toxicity signs, biochemical and pathological changes, and peptide toxins in plasma, urine and bile. The data were directly compared with those from our published studies on Amanita exitialis-exposed beagles without biliary drainage. Amatoxins were rapidly absorbed and eliminated from plasma after Amanita exitialis ingestion. Amatoxins in 0–1-day urine accounted for more than 90% of the total urine excretion, and amatoxins in bile accounted for less than 20% of the total urine and bile excretion. The dogs with biliary drainage showed less severe toxicity signs and biochemical and pathological changes and much lower internal exposure than dogs without biliary drainage. Biliary drainage caused a more than 70% reduction in intestinal amatoxin absorption and could reduce amatoxin absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
Fractal Analysis of Breast Tumour Microscopic Images in Prognosis of Distant Metastasis Risk

Invasive breast cancer exerts an exceptional outcome heterogeneity. For this reason, highly accurate tools for prognosis of distant metastasis are necessary for effective therapeutic management. However, current markers still exert insufficient accuracy thus prompting the need for novel prognostic strategies. Based on this pressing need and the fact that primary tumour of patients with early breast cancer is the main source of information for the individual characterization of this disease, we aimed to explore the prognostic value of tumour histology image analysis. This retrospective study was done on a group of 92 patients, selected on the basis of invasive breast cancer diagnosis without systemic treatment. Median follow-up was 147 months. The standard box-counting fractal analysis was performed on digital images of primary tumour tissue sections stained with haematoxylin/eosin. Patients with low fractal dimension had significantly higher risk of distant metastasis (57%) than those with high fractal dimension (24%), p < 0.001. Log rank (Mantel Cox) regression analysis and Kaplan Meier plots revealed that the fractal dimension equalled or exceeded the prognostic performance of the most significant clinicopathological prognostic parameters such as pathological tumour size (P=0.004) and even the clinicopathological Adjuvant! composite score (P=0.004). This is the first report of association between fractal dimension of the whole H&E tumour tissue microscopic histology and disease outcome. Fractal analysis of the primary breast tumour histology may thus provide a simple, cost-effective and highly prognostically significant indicator of distant metastasis risk. High clinical relevance of the obtained results is based on the role of prognosis in early breast cancer treatment decisions and the resulting impact on quality of life and survival. Key-Words: breast cancer; prognosis; histology; chemotherapy; fractal dimension; multifractal
Creating associative memory distortions - a Polish adaptation of the DRM paradigm

One of the most widely applied techniques used to examine associative memory errors is the Deese-RoedigerMcDermott (DRM) paradigm. The aim of the present studies was to demonstrate a Polish version of the DRM paradigm and to test the characteristics of memory illusions evoked by this procedure for both recall and recognition. A normative study was conducted to prepare Polish stimuli material sharing similar characteristics as the lists in the English language version. Subsequently, the lists were applied to examine the effect of prior recall on recognition, as well as the influence of retention interval on recall. The results revealed that the Polish version of the DRM paradigm induced a robust effect of false recall and recognition. Moreover, it was revealed that immediate recall of a single list led to a higher rate of both correct and false recall and that prior recall positively influenced recognition, leading to a higher rate of hits. * Institute of Applied Psychology, Academy of Special Education, ul. Szcześliwicka 40, 02-353 Warszawa, julatowska@aps.edu. pl ** Institute of Applied Psychology, University of Social Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 9, 90-113 Łodź, justynao@umich.edu This research was supported by The National Science Centre Grant DEC-2011/01/D/HS6/05482