Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eavesdropping on and emulating MIFARE Ultralight and Classic cards using software-defined radio

In this report, we describe a Software-Defined Radio (SDR) approach for eavesdropping on Near Field Communications (NFC) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) cards operating at 13.56 MHz. We show that GNU Radio and Python make a great platform for prototyping, while maintaining sufficient performance for passive attacks without extensive optimizations and using only modest processing power. We successfully eavesdrop on real MIFARE Ultralight and Classic 1K cards by capturing the raw radio waves with a home-made antenna. We recover the plaintext of both reader and tag fully by demodulating the incoming radio waves, parsing individual bits and error detection codes into packets, and then decrypting them when necessary. On the transmission side, we achieve full software emulation of the reader and of MIFARE Ultralight and Classic 1K cards (including encryption), and partial hardware emulation, where we correctly modulate the signal, but not within the strict timing limits of the protocol. Our transmissions can also be used to prevent legitimate communication by interfering with the intended reader or tag signals.
Relationship of calbindin D28K‐immunoreactive cells and neuropathological changes in the hippocampal formation of Alzheimer's disease

Previous studies have reported that calcium binding proteins, which have important functions in regulating the intracellular ion concentration, may influence the vulnerability of neurons in neurodegenerative disease. It has been observed that the neurons containing calbindin D28K (CB) may in certain circumstances be more resistant to excitotoxic and ischemic injury. In the present study the susceptibility of hippocampal neurons containing CB to develop NFT was studied, and the distribution of CB cells was compared with hippocampal plaque density in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Interestingly CB‐positive hippocampal neurons did not contain tangles and could be seen next to degenerating tau‐positive pyramidal cells. Comparison of the hippocampal plaque distribution with that of CB neurons showed that in general CB‐positive neurons were found in areas with a low plaque burden. Further comparison of cases with differing degrees of severity indicated that CB‐positive neurons were relatively preserved in cases with moderate plaque and tangle content but that in severe cases the CB‐positive pyramidal cells were lost. These findings indicate that CB cells may be protected in the earlier stages of the disease but that this resistance ability is lost in the late stages of AD. The observation that CB‐positive pyramidal cells do not accumulate NFT suggests that proteolysis of tau differs in CB‐negative and CB‐positive cells.
Memory enhancement in aged rats: the differential outcomes effect.

Aged (23 months) and young (3 months) rats were trained on an operant Matching-To-Position (MTP) task that had either (a) specific outcomes (reinforcers) correlated (differential groups), or (b) outcomes uncorrelated (nondifferential groups) for each correct sample-choice sequence. The traditional version of MTP uses a common outcome and is thought to assess spatial working memory. Aged rats are impaired on the traditional version of MTP. However, aged animals trained with the Differential Outcomes Procedure (DOP) did not display the typical age-related decline in spatial working memory. Differences in choice accuracy between old and young rats reached significance only if the subjects were trained with a nondifferential outcomes procedure (NOP)-similar to when a common outcome is used. These data demonstrate that employing behavioral procedures to tap intact cognitive functions is an effective means of enhancing spatial working memory in normal as well as aged subjects.
Extending CONSORT to include cluster trials

Welcome extension will help to understand trials better and reduce bias Anyone who has tried to appraise a randomised controlled trial critically will be aware of the frustration that arises when a key piece of information is missing. To understand the results of a randomised controlled trial a reader must understand its design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation. That goal can be achieved only through complete transparency from authors. The original and revised CONSORT (consolidated standards of reporting trials) statements were designed to help authors improve reporting by using a checklist and flow diagram and have been well cited.1 These have now been extended to include cluster trials (p 702). 2 Cluster trials randomise interventions to groups of patients rather than to individual patients and have their own problems. Using the extended CONSORT statement should help reduce bias and help readers to understand a cluster trial's conduct and to assess thevalidity of its …
Experimental evaluation of an adaptive iterative learning control scheme on a 5-DOF robot manipulator

In this paper, two adaptive iterative learning control schemes are tested experimentally on a five-degrees-of-freedom (5-DOF) robot manipulator CATALYST5. The control strategy consists of using a classical PD structure plus an additional iteratively updated term designed to cope with the unknown parameters and disturbances. The control design is very simple in the sense that the only requirement on the PD and learning gains is the positive definiteness condition. In contrast with classical iterative learning control schemes, where the number of iterative variables is generally equal to the number of control inputs, the proposed controllers use just one or two iterative variables. In this framework, the acceleration measurements and the bounds of the robot parameters are not needed.
Ventricular tachycardia during microdebrider-assisted turbinectomy: An electrocardiographic artifact

Interference of monitored electrocardiogram is common during different surgical procedures using electrical equipment. The electrical devices used induce artifacts in the electrocardiographic tracing, which may resemble serious arrhythmia. We describe a case of electrocardiographic artifact resembling ventricular tachycardia with the use of a Storz unidrive microdebrider during inferior turbinectomy under general anesthesia. This case report highlights the importance of knowledge of various equipment-related electrocardiographic artifacts in avoiding unnecessary and harmful therapeutic interventions.
Radiographic Evaluation of Bowed Legs in Children

Radiographic screening is widely used to distinguish between Blount disease (infantile tibia vara) and physiologic bowing. Thirteen children with Blount disease, evaluated before 3 years of age, with initial radiographs showing no sign of Langenskiold changes, were compared with 50 children with physiologic bowing, also evaluated before 3 years of age with similar radiographic studies. Screening test accuracy was determined retrospectively for measurement of the mechanical axis, the tibial metaphyseal–diaphyseal angle (TDMA), and the epiphyseal–metaphyseal angle (EMA). A radiographic screening method combining the TMDA and the EMA, using cutoff values of 10° and 20° respectively, exhibited the best combination of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value, correctly identifying all cases of Blount disease and 40 of 50 cases of physiologic bowing. Our data suggest that children between 1 and 3 years of age with TMDA <10°, or TMDA ≥10° and EMA ≤20°, are at less risk for development of Blount disease. Children with TMDA ≥10° and EMA >20° are at greater risk for development of Blount disease and should be followed closely.
Comparison of treatment outcomes of transnasal vocal fold polypectomy versus microlaryngoscopic surgery

Office‐based procedures have been proposed for the treatment of vocal polyps, including indirect laryngoscopic surgery and angiolytic laser photocoagulation. Our previous report documented good treatment outcomes by combining the two aforementioned procedures. This study was intended to further compare the treatment outcomes of office transnasal vocal fold polypectomy (VFP) with those of microlaryngoscopic surgery (MLS).
Regurgitant fraction measured by using the proximal isovelocity surface area method in dogs with chronic myxomatous mitral valve disease.

Previous studies have demonstrated that regurgitant fraction can be measured by using the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method. For this study, we utilized this Doppler echocardiographic method to estimate the magnitude of mitral regurgitation in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Seventeen older, small dogs with chronic mitral regurgitation and no to mild myocardial failure were studied. A blinded observer judged the clinical severity of mitral regurgitation to be mild, moderate, or severe by using echocardiographic assessment of left heart size. The regurgitant fraction was calculated by using the PISA method and spectral Doppler echocardiography. The regurgitant fraction was compared to the clinical assessment of severity for each dog and to calculations of left atrial size. Five dogs had clinically mild mitral regurgitation. Four of these dogs had a regurgitant fraction between 22 and 41%, whereas 1 had a regurgitant fraction of 73%. The 3 dogs with clinical evidence of moderate mitral regurgitation had a regurgitant fraction of 46-65%. All 9 dogs with clinically severe mitral regurgitation had a regurgitant fraction greater than 75% (78-88%). The regurgitant fraction was statistically different between each group (P < .001). A good but curvilinear relationship was found between left atrial size and regurgitant fraction (r2 = 0.72). In this study, dogs with clinically severe mitral regurgitation consistently had hemodynamically severe regurgitation (regurgitant fraction > 75%), whereas dogs with clinically mild to moderate disease had lesser degrees of regurgitation. Good correlation was found between regurgitant fraction and left atrial size. We conclude that the major determinant of left atrial size and disease severity in dogs with mitrial regurgitation is the degree of mitral regurgitation.
The Value of a Breast Care Nurse in Supporting Rural and Remote Cancer Patients in Queensland

The role of the breast care nurse (BCN) in the Queensland's Supporting Rural Women With Breast Cancer Project was evaluated by mixed methodology. Through questionnaire and interview, patients provided views about the nurse's role under the categories of awareness, access, coordination, information, and psychosocial, emotional, and practical support. Of the 51 participants, 37 resided in rural and remote areas. Eighteen lived between 100 and 500 miles from specialized breast care services. The BCN met patients at their regular hospital visits and was available by telephone at any time. There was overwhelming agreement among the participants that the timing of contact, ease of accessibility, information provided, and support offered were extremely valuable in making their treatment and recovery easier. Most participants would recommend hospitals with a BCN to their friends. Members of the multidisciplinary care team provided views on awareness of the BCN, influence on care management, communication, and patient outcomes. They recognized the benefits of the BCN to patients and to coordination and liaison of the team. The findings concur with unpublished Australian reports that demonstrate the success of BCNs. The BCN model of care could be used to support other medical conditions in rural and remote Australia.
Oxidant/antioxidant parameters and their relationship with medical treatment in multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder characterized by monoclonal multiplying of plasma cells. Although radiation, environmental factors, viruses and other factors have been suggested as potential causes of the disease, the aetiopathogenesis of MM is still obscure. This clinical study was designed to investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aetiopathogenesis of the disease and the possible relationships between treatment and ROS production. For this purpose, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), and catalase (CAT) activities as well as plasma nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in 14 MM patients newly diagnosed at stage III. The relationship between the above‐mentioned parameters and vincristine–adriamycin–dexamethasone (VAD) therapy were also investigated in the same patients. All the enzyme activities and the parameters of oxidative stress were found to be significantly reduced after VAD therapy. These findings suggest that ROS may be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of MM. Further investigations with a larger cohort of MM patients are needed to provide definitive data about the role of ROS in MM and the alternative therapeutic approaches to MM. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunocytochemical identification of GtH1 and GtH2 cells during the temperature-sensitive period for sex determination in pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis.

The ontogeny of gonadotropin 1 (GtH1) and 2 (GtH2) cells and its possible link to gonadal sex differentiation were studied in pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, by immunocytochemistry using anti-chum salmon beta-GtH1 and beta-GtH2 antisera. In adults, GtH1 cells were found in the proximalis pars distalls (PPD) close to the neurohypophysis, whereas GtH2 cells were identified surrounding GtH1 cells, at the external layer of the PPD and in the pars intermedia. Essentially the same distribution was observed in larvae. In pejerrey, the phenotypic sex is governed by the temperature during the critical period of sex determination (temperature-dependent sex determination, TSD). Female proportions vary gradually from 100% at 15-19 degrees to 0% at 29 degrees, and the critical time of TSD has been estimated to be 3-5, 2-4, and 1-4 weeks after hatching at 17, 19, and 27 degrees, respectively. Thus, the expression of both GtHs was examined weekly in larvae reared from hatching to week 11, at 17, 24, and 29 degrees. The proportion of females at 17, 24, and 29 degrees was, 100%, 78%, and 0%, respectively. Histological ovarian differentiation was noticed at 7 and 4 weeks at 17 and 24 degrees, whereas testicular differentiation occurred at 7 and 4 weeks at 24 and 29 degrees. GtH1 cells were first observed at week 3 at 29 degrees and at week 4 at 17 and 24 degrees. These cells increased in number until week 4 and then decreased, disappearing after week 6 at all temperature regimes. GtH2 cells appeared at week 2 at 24 and 29 degrees and at week 3 at 17 degrees. GtH2 cell number increased until week 3 at 29 degrees and until week 4 at 17 and 24 degrees and then temporarily decreased, thereafter increasing again. These results strongly suggest that GtH1 and GtH2 are expressed by different cells. The fact that GtH1 and GtH2 cells appear just before histological gonadal differentiation at all temperatures, together with the peak of GtH1 and GtH2 cell number during the temperature-sensitive period, suggests that GtHs are related to sex differentiation or TSD in O. bonariensis.
Analgesic effects in human subjects of morphine, meperidina and methadon.

Certain disadvantages of previously known potent analgesics have led investigators to search for new drugs which possess good analgesic properties but lack undesirable side effects. Following World War II knowledge of a new group of compounds prepared by German chemists was disclosed in a report by the United States Department of Commerce. 1 Scott and Chen 2 have recently reported pharmacologic studies of members of this series. They found one of these compounds, methadon (6-dimethylamino-4, 4-diphenyl-3-heptanone), to be outstanding. The following study deals with a comparison of the analgesic properties of this drug 3 with those of morphine and meperidine hydrochloride ("demerol hydrochloride"). The side effects and analgesic properties of methadon in combination with atropine and scopolamine were studied to determine the possible value of methadon as a premedication agent for anesthesia. Because these two agents altered the threshold effect of methadon, similar combinations were used with morphine and meperidine.
CD8+ T cells are crucial for the ability of congenic normal mice to reject highly immunogenic sarcomas induced in nude mice with 3‐methylcholanthrene

An attempt was made to identify the selection pressures put upon a growing tumour by CD8+ T cells. To this end tumours induced with 3‐methylcholanthrene in T cell‐deficient nude mice and in congenic T cell‐competent nu/+ mice were transplanted to nu/+ recipients. The rejection rate of the sarcomas from nude mice was almost twice that of the sarcomas from nu/+ mice. Depletion of CD8+ T cells from nu/+ recipients prior to transplantation made them accept nude tumours that were consistently rejected by untreated nu/+ recipients. These findings suggest that a methylcholanthrene sarcoma during its growth in a T cell‐competent host adapts to the T cell system through a selective elimination of highly immunogenic tumour cells that are susceptible to CD8+ T cell‐mediated lysis.
How cancer cells evade chemotherapy: sixteenth Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation Award Lecture.

Ira Pastan and I began our research with a clinical problem that has concerned oncologists since chemotherapy became generally useful for the treatment of cancer. There are approximately 1,000,000 new patients with cancer in the United States each year. About 50% of the patients who go to their doctors with cancer can be cured by surgery and radiation therapy since their tumors have not spread. Of the remaining 50%. about 10% are curable with systemic chemotherapy, including children with leukemia and sarcomas and adults with testicular cancer and choriocarcinoma. However, the majority of metastatic cancers are not currently curable by chemotherapy or any other kind of therapy. These fall into two categories: cancers that are in trinsically resistant to chemotherapy (i.e., there is no significant re sponse to chemotherapy); and those cancers which respond initially to chemotherapy but then acquire resistance during the course of therapy. Thus we set out to learn what were the causes of such drug resistance and to use this information to improve the therapy of cancer. In this lecture, I will be focusing on one cause of multidrug resis tance, that due to the product of the MDR\ gene, or P-glycoprotein, which is an energy dependent multidrug efflux pump (reviewed in Refs. 1-3). I hope to provide convincing arguments that the study of this mechanism of drug resistance is clinically relevant and that the application of principles derived from this work will improve chemo therapy of cancer.
Molecular Analysis of Human, Porcine, and Poultry Enterococcus faecium Isolates and Their erm(B) Genes

ABSTRACT Fifty-nine erm(B)-positive Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from pigs, broilers, and humans were typed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and the coding sequence of the erm(B) gene was determined. Identical erm(B) gene sequences were detected in genetically unrelated isolates. Furthermore, genetically indistinguishable strains were found to contain different erm(B) alleles. This may suggest that horizontal exchange of the erm(B) gene between animal and human E. faecium strains or the existence of a common reservoir of erm(B) genes might be more important than direct transmission of resistant strains.
A 2 kfps Sub-µW/Pix Uncooled-PbSe Digital Imager With 10 Bit DR Adjustment and FPN Correction for High-Speed and Low-Cost MWIR Applications

Mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) thermography is an emerging technology with promising applications such as industrial monitoring, medicine and automotive, but its use in high-speed cameras is not yet widespread due to the lack of inexpensive sensor integration solutions and their common reliance on bulky cooling mechanisms. This work fills the gap by presenting a monolithic uncooled high-speed imager based on vapor-phase deposition lead selenide (VPD PbSe) photoconductors and a fully digital and configurable CMOS read-out integrated circuit (ROIC) to operate the MWIR imager. This ROIC features cancellation of PbSe dark current, compensation of its output capacitance and correction of the fixed pattern noise (FPN) caused by process non-uniformities in CMOS fabrication and detector deposition. The low-cost 80 × 80 imager has been integrated using 0.35 μm 2P4M standard CMOS technology and PbSe detector post-processing with 135 μm pixel pitch and 68% fill factor values. Experimental opto-electrical performance exhibits 10 bit real-time FPN compensation and DR calibration over the entire focal plane operating at 2 kfps, sub-0.5 LSB inter-pixel crosstalk, sub-μW pixel power consumption, and an overall figure of merit of 55 mK × ms.
Acculturation and manifestation of depressive symptoms among Korean-American older adults

The present study examined the role of acculturation in manifestation of depressive symptoms among 230 Korean-American older adults (M age = 69.8, SD = 7.05) in Florida. Given the cultural emphasis on modesty and self-effacement in the traditional Korean society, we hypothesized that older Korean-Americans who were less acculturated to American culture, when compared to the more acculturated ones, would be more likely to inhibit positive affects in depressive symptom reports. Using two validated measures of depressive symptoms, the short forms of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-SF) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), different response patterns for low and high acculturation groups were identified. First, there was low comparability in the factor structures for both the GDS-SF and the CES-D across low and high acculturation groups. A differential item function (DIF) analysis based on partial correlations indicated that older adults in the low acculturation group inhibited endorsing positive affect items; one item in the GDS-SF (#7 ‘feel happy’) and two items in the CES-D (# 5 ‘felt hopeful’ and # 8 ‘was happy’). The finding suggests the substantial cultural influences in expressing emotions, especially those related to positive affects. Implications are discussed from a cultural perspective.