Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shock compression of feldspars

Hugoniot data for oligoclase and microcline to 670 and 580 kb and release adiabat data for oligoclase were obtained by means of the inclined mirror and immersed-foil-reflected-light techniques, respectively. Oligoclase and microcline have Hugoniot elastic limits in the range of 40–55 and 80–85 kb. These limits increase slightly with increasing driving shock pressure. Above the elastic limit, extending to ∼300 and ∼400 kb, transition regions of anomalously high compression are observed for microcline and oligoclase. These data and the data of McQueen, Marsh, and Fritz for albitite and anorthosite indicate that at successively higher shock pressures within this region, the feldspars gradually transform to a high-pressure, high-density polymorph. This polymorph probably corresponds to the rutile-like hollandite structure obtained in high-pressure quenching experiments by Kume, Matsumoto, and Koizumi (in KAlGe_3O_8) and by Ringwood, Reid, and Wadsley (in KAlSo_3O_8, microcline). In the hollandite structure germanium or silicon is in octahedral coordination with oxygen. The zero-pressure density and the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state parameters for the adiabat and isotherm are calculated for the high-pressure polymorphs of oligoclase, microcline, anorthosite, and albitite. The release adiabat centered at 180 kb indicates that at this shock pressure some (∼15%) of the hollandite phase forms but apparently reverts to a lower-density phase on pressure release. Release adiabat curves centered at 272 and 417 kb and calculated postshock temperatures indicate that material of feldspar composition recovered from meteorite and laboratory impacts is converted to the hollandite structure upon shock compression; upon pressure release this material probably reverts to the low-density maskelynite form.
Arthroscopic assisted tendon reconstruction for triangular fibrocartilage complex irreparable tears

We report our 11-year experience of performing arthroscopically assisted triangular fibrocartilage complex reconstruction in the treatment of chronic distal radio-ulnar joint instability resulting from irreparable triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries. Eleven patients were treated. Three skin incisions were made in order to create radial and ulna tunnels for passage of the tendon graft, which is used to reconstruct the dorsal and palmar radio-ulnar ligaments, under fluoroscopic and arthroscopic guidance. At a mean follow-up of 68 months all but one had a stable distal radio-ulnar joint. Pain and grip strength, Mayo wrist score, Disability of the Arm Hand and Shoulder and patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation scores improved. The ranges of forearm rotation remained largely unchanged. Complications included an early tendon graft tear, two late-onset graft ruptures, one ulna styloid fracture during surgery and persistent wrist discomfort during forearm rotation requiring tendon graft revision in one case. An arthroscopic assisted approach for triangular fibrocartilage complex reconstruction appears safe and produces comparable results with the open technique. Level of evidence: IV
Constraint Qualifications for Semi-Infinite Systems of Convex Inequalities

We introduce and study the Abadie constraint qualification, the weak Pshenichnyi--Levin--Valadier property, and related constraint qualifications for semi-infinite systems of convex inequalities and linear inequalities. Our main results are new characterizations of various constraint qualifications in terms of upper semicontinuity of certain multifunctions. Also, we give some applications of constraint qualifications to linear representations of convex inequality systems, to convex Farkas--Minkowski systems, and to formulas for the distance to the solution set. Some of our concepts and results are new even in the particular case of finite inequality systems.
Predictors of Reported Current and Lifetime Substance Abuse Problems Among a National Sample of U.S. Homeless

Using the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients (NSHAPC), this study examined predictors of alcohol and drug problems among a national probability sample of homeless and previously homeless adults in the United States. Consistent with research, about one third and one quarter of the respondents reported a current alcohol and drug problem, respectively. A larger proportion reported lifetime substance abuse problems. As hypothesized, males, younger respondents, veterans, and those with mental and physical health problems were at greater risk. Results reveal that substance abuse treatment and prevention programs for the homeless should take into consideration these characteristics to maximize effectiveness.
Radioligand binding to beta adrenergic receptors of intact cultured S49 cells.

Using the radioligand [125I]iodohydroxybenzylpindolol ([125I]IHYP), we have characterized the beta adrenergic receptors of intact S49 lymphoma cells. Washed cells are incubated with the radioligand in a physiological growth medium containing 1 mM ascorbic acid and 0.1% horse serum. Binding of[125I]IHYP saturates with time, equilibrium being achieved in 45-60 min, and is linear with cell number. Scatchard analysis of binding at equilibrium indicates one class of binding sites with a Kd equal to 28 pM and 1200-1300 binding sites/cell; this number of binding sites is about 4 times higher than previously observed with disrupted S49 cells. Independent estimates of the Kd derived from the forward and reverse reaction rates of binding are in agreement with the Kd derived from equilibrium studies. Competition for [125I]IHYP binding sites by beta adrenergic antagonists corresponds closely to estimates of potency of the same antagonists in blockade of beta adrenergic-stimulated cyclic 3',5'-AMP accumulation. In contrast, beta adrenergic agonists are much more potent in stimulating cyclic AMP accumulation than in competing with [125I]IHYP for beta adrenergic binding sites on intact S49 cells. Furthermore, agonists appear more potent in competing for [125I]IHYP binding sites of disrupted than of intact S49 cells. The lower potency of beta adrenergic agonists in binding studies of intact cells may be attributable to the presence of endogenous guanyl nucleotides and, perhaps, to the more efficient coupling between receptors and adenylate cyclase of the intact cells. That this lower potency of agonists is not an artifact of studies with [125I]IHYP is indicated by similar findings with the radioligand [3H]dihydroalprenolol ([3H]DHA). [3H]DHA binds to intact S49 cells rapidly (reaching equilibrium in less than 3 min) and reversibly, with a Kd of 0.67 ± 0.08 nM. An identical number of binding sites is found on intact S49 cells whether [3H]DHA or [125I]IHYP is used, and studies in which adrenergic agents compete for ligand binding sites yield similar results for both radioligands. These studies of binding to beta adrenergic receptors of intact cultured cells using either [125I]IHYP or [3H]DHA offer a useful tool that should complement and extend studies of receptors on plasma membranes isolated from such cells. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Michele Sanda and Mary Gleason, the support of Dr. Kenneth Melmon, and the advice of Dr. Henry Bourne.
Comparison of Vaginal Shapes in Afro-American, Caucasian and Hispanic Women as Seen with Vinyl Polysiloxane Casting

Full vinyl polysiloxane casts of the vagina were obtained from 23 Afro-American, 39 Caucasian and 15 Hispanic women in lying, sitting and standing positions. A new shape, the pumpkin seed, was found in 40% of Afro-American women, but not in Caucasians or Hispanics. Analyses of cast and introital measurements revealed: (1) posterior cast length is significantly longer, anterior cast length is significantly shorter and cast width is significantly larger in Hispanics than in the other two groups and (2) the Caucasian introitus is significantly greater than that of the Afro-American subject.
N1/P2 component of auditory evoked potential reflect changes of the brain serotonin biosynthesis in rats

Abstract It is known that l-tryptophan stimulates serotonin synthesis in the brain and serotonergic neuronal activity. Also, the N1/P2 component of auditory evoked potential (AEP) is a good indicator of this activity in the auditory cortex. In the present work, we examined the effect of the l-tryptophan administration on electric activity of the auditory cortex recorded as the N1/P2 component of the AEP in adult male rats. The effect of serotonergic agonists or antagonists was also tested. The results showed that indeed l-tryptophan was able to induce a drastic change in auditory cortex electric activity, reducing very significantly the amplitude of the N1/P2 component of the AEP. Quipazine maleate had a similar effect as l-tryptophan and the serotonergic antagonist spiperone induced an increase in the N1/P2 amplitude. These results show how an isolated nutrient is able to induce significant changes in brain auditory cortical function, through stimulation of serotonin synthesis. Besides, they add evidence about the important role of serotonergic neurotransmission modulating sensory cortical activity and that the N1/P2 component of AEPs represent a useful noninvasive indicator of brain serotonin tone.
Relationship Between Fungal Contamination of Indoor Air and Health Problems of Some Residents in Jos

The problem of indoor air quality has in recent times attracted more concern than was the case several decades ago. Morey, (1999) presented some probable reasons why this is so. Construction materials have markedly changed from stones, wood and other ‘natural’ products to synthetic, pressed wood and amorphous cellulose products, some of which may be less resistant to microorganisms than the earlier ones. The indoor environment is invariably the closest to humans in terms of daily interaction, as a large proportion of man’s time is spent indoors, especially in the modern cities and urban societies. There are indications however, that in many parts of the world, our homes, schools and offices are heavily contaminated with airborne molds and other biological contaminants. Biological contaminants of the indoor air include fungi, bacteria, viruses, pollen etc.; and many species of fungi are able to grow wherever there is moisture and an organic substrate. Building materials such as ceiling tiles, wood, paint, carpet rugs, etc., present very good environment for growth of fungi (Robin et al, 2007; Morey, 1999; Heseltine and Rosen, 2009). Water accumulation and moist dirty surfaces also encourage growth of fungi within a building, and contribute to human health problems. Fungi are very successful organisms capable of survival in diverse environments. This is possible because of their physiological versatility and genetic plasticity. Their spores are produced in large quantities and easily spread over a wide area. These spores can remain dormant for a long period of time during unfavorable conditions. Fungal spores and products of their metabolism are able to trigger allergic reactions which include hyper-sensitivity pneumonitis, allergic rhinitis and some types of asthma. Infections such as influenza, respiratory fungal infections, mycotoxicoses, and eye irritation by fungal volatile substances, among others, are health risks and challenges to susceptible individuals. Children, the elderly and immuno-compromised persons are at greater risks (Simoni et al, 2003).
Quantification of tissue perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasound : toward robust exam comparison

La quantification de la perfusion tissulaire a partir de donnees dynamiques d’echographie de contraste repose sur une modelisation appropriee de la cinetique de la concentration en agent de contraste dans le tissu etudie. De nombreux facteurs, experimentaux ou physiologiques, rendent la comparaison inter ou intra-individu de ces parametres de perfusion difficile. Dans cette these, la reproductibilite et la comparaison de differentes methodes de quantification ont ete etudiees dans le cadre d’une etude preclinique de test-retest et sur des simulations numeriques. Les methodes etudiees ont ete : le modele log-normal, le modele compartimental avec fonction d’entree et le modele compartimental avec tissu de reference. Les etudes precliniques ont montre la difficulte d’estimation d’une fonction d’entree arterielle et la necessite de corriger localement le temps d’arrivee de l’agent de contraste dans le tissu pour que l’approximation des cinetiques experimentales par le modele soit de qualite suffisante. Une estimation lineaire sous contrainte des parametres du modele compartimental avec tissu de reference tirant profit de differentes zones d’interet dans l’image a ete ensuite proposee pour obtenir a l’echelle regionale et/ou locale des valeurs relatives coherentes de debit sanguin tissulaire et de volume sanguin tissulaire, exprimees par rapport aux valeurs dans le tissu de reference. Il a ete montre que cette approche est la plus robuste et la plus reproductible. L’influence des facteurs tels que la duree d’acquisition, la frequence d’echantillonnage, le nombre de regions utilisees et l’amplitude du bruit a ete etudiee sur des simulations et a permis de formuler des recommandations pour l’acquisition et le traitement des etudes en echographie de contraste.
Children's Facebook Usage: Parental Awareness, Attitudes and Behavior

The study aims to focus on parental awareness, attitudes and behavior regarding children's use of the world's largest social network - Facebook. Data were obtained from 195 Israeli parents, Jews and Arabs whose children are above and under the age of 13 (official age to start registration to Facebook). Analyses included variance analyses, correlations, and regressions. The results indicated that parents have moderate to low levels of awareness, involvement, and monitoring in their children's Facebook usage. However significant differences were found between mothers and fathers, as mothers expressed less positive attitudes toward Facebook and greater need for guidance than fathers. Arab parents expressed higher levels of monitoring and of need for guidance than Jews. Our findings highlight the need for usage regulation and for guidance for parents in order to help them direct their children toward safe and responsible use of the internet.
PERAN SELF-REGULATED LEARNING DALAM MEMODERATORI PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA

Penelitian menggunakan data awal yang berdistribusi normal setelah dilakukan uji dengan Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Setelah itu dilakukan pengujian variabel moderator dengan RA dan MRA. Hasil penelitian memberikan sumbangan predictor yang semula 18.2% (dari model RA) meningkat sebesar 21.4% menjadi 39.6% (dari model MRA). SRL dapat memberikan pengaruh positif dalam pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik terhadap hasil belajar siswa. SRL mampu memprediksi hasil belajar siswa karena siswa dengan tingkat SRL yang baik memiliki inisiatif belajar dari diri sendiri, teratur dalam belajar, mampu menyelesaikan suatu masalah dan dapat menempatkan diri ke dalam lingkungan sosial. Siswa dengan kemampuan tersebut mampu menyesuaian pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik yang di dalam proses belajarnya terdapat proses mengamati, menanya, mengumpulkan data, menganalisis, dan mengkomunikasikan. Oleh karena itu SRL berperan memoderatori pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Persistent Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus After the Control of Convulsive Status Epilepticus

Summary: Purpose: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a major medical and neurological emergency that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite this high morbidity and mortality, most acute care facilities in the United States cannot evaluate patients with EEG monitoring during or immediately after SE. The present study was initiated to determine whether control of CSE by standard treatment protocols was sufficient to terminate electrographic seizures.
Continuous wavelet transform application to EMG signals during human gait

EMG signals are important in quantifying deviations from normal gait. Traditionally, Fourier transforms were utilized in determining the frequency spectrum of the typically non-stationary EMG signals. The continuous wavelet transform, suggested in this paper, is more appropriate. In this study, signals from four muscles of the right lower extremity were recorded, for eight normal subjects, during steady-state gait. The time-frequency distributions of these signals were computed using the fourth order Daubechies mother wavelet. Wavelet-based time-frequency representations were useful in identifying the recruitment patterns of slow and fast fibers to meet the varying demands imposed on the muscles during different phases of the gait cycle.
Relationships between nuclear magnetic resonance parameters used to characterize weathering spilled oil and soil toxicity in central Patagonia

Oil spill in the Central Patagonian zone was studied to evaluate if any relationship exists between the parameters used to characterize weathering spilled oil and soil toxicity for two plant species and to evaluate if the phytotoxicity to local species would be a good index for the soil contamination. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structural indexes and column chromatography compositional indexes were determined to characterize the oil spill in the soil samples. Bioassays were also carried out using Lactuca sativa L (reference) and Atriplex lampa (native species) as test organisms. Measurements of the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil were carried out to evaluate the effect on the bioassays. The principal components analysis of the parameters determined by NMR, compositional indexes, EC, TPH, and toxicology data shows that the first three principal components accounted for the 78% of the total variance (40%, 25%, and 13% for the first, second, and third PC, respectively). A good agreement was found between information obtained by compositional indexes and NMR structural indexes. Soil toxicity increases with the increase of EC and TPH. Other factors, such as, the presence of branched and aromatic hydrocarbons is also significant. The statistical evaluation showed that the Euclidean distances (3D) between the background and each one of the samples might be a better indicator of the soil contamination, compared with chemical criterion of TPH.
Intrahepatic Fat Accumulation and Alterations in Lipoprotein Composition in Obese Adolescents

OBJECTIVE—Among other metabolic consequences, a dyslipidemic profile often accompanies childhood obesity. In adults, type 2 diabetes and hepatic steatosis have been shown to alter lipoprotein subclass distribution and size; however, these alterations have not yet been shown in children or adolescents. Therefore, our objective was to determine the effect of hepatic steatosis on lipoprotein concentration and size in obese adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Using fast magnetic resonance imaging, we measured intrahepatic fat content in 49 obese adolescents with normal glucose tolerance. The presence or absence of hepatic steatosis was determined by a threshold value for hepatic fat fraction (HFF) of 5.5%; therefore, the cohort was divided into two groups (HFF > or <5.5%). Fasting lipoprotein subclasses were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS—Overall, the high-HFF group had 88% higher concentrations of large VLDL compared with the low-HFF group (P < 0.001). Likewise, the high-HFF group had significantly higher concentrations of small dense LDL (P < 0.007); however, the low-HFF group had significantly higher concentrations of large HDL (P < 0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that high HFF was the strongest single correlate, accounting for 32.6% of the variance in large VLDL concentrations (P < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS—The presence of fatty liver was associated with a pronounced dyslipidemic profile characterized by large VLDL, small dense LDL, and decreased large HDL concentrations. This proatherogenic phenotype was strongly related to the intrahepatic lipid content.
Reassessment of a Midwestern Lyme Disease Focus for Borrelia burgdorferi and the Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Agent

ABSTRACT Previous studies from the late 1980s defined the risk of human Lyme disease by determining the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in Ixodes scapularis ticks and Peromyscus sp. mice captured from areas around La Crosse, Wis. High percentages of B. burgdorferi-infected I. scapularis ticks and P. leucopus mice were common in areas located north of Interstate 90 but were not detected in areas south of this major east-west thoroughfare. In this study, we reevaluated the extent of B. burgdorferi infection. High percentages of mice captured from sites north of the interstate were still infected with B. burgdorferi. In addition, B. burgdorferi was recovered from 12 (67%) of 18 mice captured from a site well south of the highway. However, none of 104 mice or 713 I. scapularis ticks captured from the study sites were infected with Ehrlichia spp. The results confirmed the continued high risk for humans to contract infection with B. burgdorferi and the significant southward expansion of the area in which Lyme disease is endemic. In contrast, the risk of acquiring human granulocytic ehrlichiosis remains minimal despite the abundance of appropriate vector ticks and reservoir rodents.
A Combined Group and Individual 12-Step Facilitative Intervention Targeting Stimulant Abuse in the NIDA Clinical Trials Network: STAGE-12

This paper discusses a unique collaboration between researchers, addiction community treatment providers (CTPs) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) in developing and implementing a multi-site clinical trial of a behavioral intervention for outpatients with stimulant use disorders. We describe the mission of the Clinical Trial Network (CTN) of NIDA which provided the infrastructure for this study, the process of adapting an intervention that combines individual and group sessions aim at facilitating addicted patients active involvement in 12-step mutual support programs, study questions addressed, outcomes of the intervention and why 12-step counseling approaches should be considered for a multi-site trial. We also discuss the structure and format of individual and group sessions, training and supervision of counselors through review of tapes of treatment sessions. This process emphasizes the importance of bidirectional collaboration between researchers and treatment providers and shows evidence of how CTPs participate in all phases of a trial from identifying an important clinical area to consider for research through protocol development and implementation. Results of data analysis will be presented in a future paper.