Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Chromium Propionate on Piglets and Sows in a Commercial Swine Herd

A trial was conducted at a large integrated, confinement sow operation in the western region of the United States. The sows were housed within close proximity to each other in the sow unit in a manner to minimize environmental differences while still allowing for different feeds to be fed. The purpose of the trial was to determine the effect of supplementing highly productive sows with KemTRACE ® Chromium Propionate. The sows were supplemented with 200 ppb Cr/ton of feed in the first reproductive cycle at either 14 days prior to farrowing and through lactation or at the beginning of their lactation period and compared to the control group without chromium propionate supplementation. Sows that were fed chromium propionate in this trial had pigs that showed a difference in wean weight over the control (P < 0.07). This response was observed again (P < 0.001) in the second reproductive cycle. Also during the second reproductive cycle there was a difference in more live born pigs (P < 0.02). In this research trial and in previous research trials (Brennan et al., 2011; Hagen, 2000), supplemental chromium has been shown to improve sow and pig performance. The use of chromium propionate as a management tool in commercial swine production to maximize sow unit performance is supported by the trials conducted.
The Use of Social Media Policies by US Municipalities

ABSTRACT As the use of social media technologies becomes ever more ingrained in the day-to-day functions of public organizations, it is important to develop relevant social media policies to guide their effective use and enable increasingly transparent engagement with citizens. Analyzing the content of such policies can inform scholars about the intended purpose of government’s use of social media. Hence, to build the foundation for a research agenda focused on the role of policy in government’s ability to effectively engage citizens, this exploratory study first identified 156 US cities with a recognizable social media presence and then employed a content analysis to analyze the key elements of their social media policies. Based on our findings, most cities have integrated social media into daily operations, however, many do not provide effective social media policies to guide such use.
PURCHASE VERSUS RENTAL IN SPAIN

One of the most salient feature of the Spanish housing market, compared to other European economies, is its relatively low rental share. This may be partly attributed to the existence of fi scal distortions in Spain favoring ownership. In this paper, we simulate the potential efects of different policy measures aimed at homogenizing the fi scal treatment of ownership and renting and improving the effi ciency of the rental market. We do so in the context of a DSGE model featuring a market for owner-occupied and rented housing, as well as collateral constraints in loan markets. We fi nd that eliminating the existing subsidy to house purchases, introducing a comparable subsidy to rental payments or increasing the effi ciency in the production of housing rental services raise the rental share by a similar amount. However, their implications in terms of the construction sector differ.
“Born to Play Ball” The Relative Age Effect and Major League Baseball

The records of 837 major league baseball players were examined in order to determine whether the Little League age eligibility criterion, based on the month of birth, affected participation rate at the professional level. The results indicated that major league players were more likely to have been born in the first months of the year, if that year corresponded to the one used for eligibility for Little League baseball (i.e., beginning in August and ending in July). A reanalysis of data presented in the literature (which suggested no effect) produced a similar result. These data are interpreted in terms of the relative age effect. That is, because of age cutoffs used in Little League baseball, some players gain a developmental advantage when competing against other youngsters who are considerably younger, although they are placed in the same age category for league play.
Decontamination of surfaces exposed to single wall carbon nanohorns

The effect of different surfactants on the removal efficiency of wiping surfaces contaminated with single walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) was studied. To this end, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants were used, and their removal efficiencies with water only and with cleaning with a dry wipe were compared. The surfactant concentrations and wipe pressure during the wiping process were varied, and significant effects on removal efficiency were found. In addition, the results were compared with those obtained with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) and the differences among these nanostructures were reported. The results suggest that SDS and SDBS are good candidates for removal of SWCNHs deposited on silicon wafers with SDS removal efficiencies capable of exceeding 90%. In addition, the results show that there is an optimum wiping pressure and surfactant concentration with the highest removal efficiency. A direct relationship was also found between wipe saturation and removal efficiency of SWCNHs deposited on silicon substrates. The differences between individual nano structures were perceptible in spite of following similar broad trends; for instance, SWCNH contaminated surfaces in general proved more difficult to clean than surfaces contaminated with the other nanostructures. ã 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Effect and mechanism of nanosize copper oxide on some physical and mechanical properties of flakeboards

The effects of nanosize copper oxide and basic copper carbonate on the physical and mechanical properties of flakeboards were investigated according to ASTM Standard D-1037, and the curing process of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin containing copper compounds was further investigated using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that nanosize copper oxide had no or slightly beneficial effects on the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the flakeboards. While basic copper carbonate increased thickness swelling and water absorption to some extent, the difference was not statistically significant. The DSC results indicated that the comparable activation energy and reaction enthalpy, obtained from nanosize copper oxide treated samples, contributed to the higher degree of conversion of PF resin and undiminished bonding strength of flakeboards, which is probably related to the acceleration of the addition reactions taking place among small molecules in PF resin and the enhancement of heat transfer of composite mat caused by nanosize copper oxide.
DIVISION OF THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

A model of plea bargaining with asymmetric information is presented. The prosecutor's private information consists of the strength of the case, while the defendant's private information is his or her own guilt or innocence. A sequential equilibrium is computed, in which a fraction of cases are dismissed because they are too likely to involve an innocent defendant; in the remaining cases, the prosecutor's offer of a sentence in exchange for a plea of guilty signals the strength of the case. I then ask whether the prosecutor (and society) might be better off if constrained to make the same offer to all defendants, regardless of the strength of the case. It is shown that, depending upon other features of the criminal justice system and upon the preferences of society, either of these regimes may be preferred to the other. In particular, it is possible that unlimited discretion is disadvantageous for the prosecution (since it carries with it the requirement of sequential rationality). PLEA BARGAINING AND PROSECUTORIAL DISCRETION Jennifer F. Reinganum*
MicroRNA and Glial Tumors: Tiny Relation with Great Potential

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously expressed small non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Dysregulation of these molecules has been observed in many types of cancers. Altered expression levels of several miRNAs were identified also in gliomas. It was many times showed that miRNAs are involved in core signaling pathways, which play roles in crucial cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, invasion, angiogenesis and stem cell behaviour. Therefore, miRNAs have a great potential for oncodiagnostic as well as could be promising therapeutic targets in gliomas.
Study of the semileptonic charm decays D-0 ->pi(-)e(+)nu e, D+->pi(0)e(+)nu e, D-0 -> K(-)e(+)nu e, and D+->(K)over-bar(0)e(+)nu e

S. Dobbs, Z. Metreveli, K. K. Seth, A. Tomaradze, J. Ernst, H. Severini, S. A. Dytman, W. Love, V. Savinov, O. Aquines, Z. Li, A. Lopez, S. Mehrabyan, H. Mendez, J. Ramirez, G. S. Huang, D. H. Miller, V. Pavlunin, B. Sanghi, I. P. J. Shipsey, B. Xin, G. S. Adams, M. Anderson, J. P. Cummings, I. Danko, J. Napolitano, Q. He, J. Insler, H. Muramatsu, C. S. Park, E. H. Thorndike, F. Yang, T. E. Coan, Y. S. Gao, F. Liu, M. Artuso, S. Blusk, J. Butt, J. Li, N. Menaa, R. Mountain, S. Nisar, K. Randrianarivony, R. Redjimi, R. Sia, T. Skwarnicki, S. Stone, J. C. Wang, K. Zhang, S. E. Csorna, G. Bonvicini, D. Cinabro, M. Dubrovin, A. Lincoln, D. M. Asner, K. W. Edwards, R. A. Briere, I. Brock, J. Chen, T. Ferguson, G. Tatishvili, H. Vogel, M. E. Watkins, J. L. Rosner, N. E. Adam, J. P. Alexander, K. Berkelman, D. G. Cassel, J. E. Duboscq, K. M. Ecklund, R. Ehrlich, L. Fields, L. Gibbons, R. Gray, S. W. Gray, D. L. Hartill, B. K. Heltsley, D. Hertz, C. D. Jones, J. Kandaswamy, D. L. Kreinick, V. E. Kuznetsov, H. Mahlke-Krueger, P. U. E. Onyisi, J. R. Patterson, D. Peterson, J. Pivarski, D. Riley, A. Ryd, A. J. Sadoff, H. Schwarthoff, X. Shi, S. Stroiney, W. M. Sun, T. Wilksen, M. Weinberger, S. B. Athar, R. Patel, V. Potlia, J. Yelton, P. Rubin, C. Cawlfield, B. I. Eisenstein, I. Karliner, D. Kim, N. Lowrey, P. Naik, C. Sedlack, M. Selen, E. J. White, J. Wiss, M. R. Shepherd, D. Besson, T. K. Pedlar, D. Cronin-Hennessy, K. Y. Gao, D. T. Gong, J. Hietala, Y. Kubota, T. Klein, B. W. Lang, R. Poling, A. W. Scott, A. Smith, and P. Zweber
Conceptions of the Nature of Biology Held by Senior Secondary School Biology Teachers in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

This study investigated the conceptions of the nature of Biology held by biology teachers in Ilorin, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the influence of gender, qualifications and experiences on the biology teachers’ conceptions of the nature of biology. The study was a descriptive research of the survey type. The population for the study comprised all the biology teachers in Ilorin, Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used to select two hundred and sixty (260) biology teachers from Ilorin, Nigeria. A questionnaire entitled “Biology Teachers’ Conceptions of the Nature of Biology Questionnaire “(BTCNBQ) was designed by the researchers and used to collect data in the study. Results of the study revealed that each biology teacher held admixture of informed conceptions, and misconceptions conceptions about the nature of biology. The results of the study also revealed that biology teachers’ gender, qualifications and experience did not have significant influence on the number of misconceptions and informed conceptions of the nature biology they held. Based on the findings, it was recommended that, Biology teacher educators and curriculum experts should introduce the courses on the nature and philosophy of biology into teacher education programmes, to enhance teachers’ curricular and pedagogic content knowledge.
Fenton as advanced oxidation process for controlling downy mildew of cucumber under greenhouse conditions

In this research, the curative action of Fenton reagent (H2O2)/Fe), Fenton like reagent (H2O2)/Fe), Fenton complex (H2O2)/Fe/oxalic acid) and famoxadone + cymoxanil as foliar applications were examined against downy mildew of cucumber caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. and Curtis) under greenhouse conditions during two successive growing seasons. Likewise, the impact of these treatments was also investigated on some biochemical and growth characters of cucumber plants. In addition the toxicity of Fenton solutions were assessed on rats as for biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney of treated rats with respect to control. Results demonstrated that famoxadone + cymoxanil was the best treatment against downy mildew followed by Fenton like reagent, Fenton reagent and Fenton complex, in both growing seasons. There was marked increase in each biochemical parameter of cucumber plants (chlorophyll, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase) and also in cucumber yield under all treatments compared to untreated control. No noticeable alterations were observed in liver and kidney of rats treated with the tested Fenton solutions compared to control. Fenton solutions could be utilized as efficient and safe means to control downy mildew of cucumber in greenhouse conditions.
STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF TRICHUROSIS IN DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF DOGS AND WILD CARNIVORES

Summary Kirkova, Z. , D. Georgieva & E. Raychev, 2006. Study on the prevalence of trichurosis in different categories of dogs and wild carnivores. Bulg. J. Vet. Med. , 9, No 2, 141 ￻147. In the period between 2003 and 2005, the prevalence of trichurosis in various categories of dogs and wild carnivores was studied. To this end, 508 coprological samples from dogs aged from 6 months to 14 years from different populated areas in North-east, Central, and South Bulgaria were studied using the flotation method of Fuleborn. Partial helminthological autopsies of the large intestine were performed in 113 foxes and 56 jackals. Trichuris vulpis infection was found in all studied categories of dogs. The highest extensity of infection was observed in hunting dogs (30%), followed by dogs used as guards of village yards (21.8%), dogs bred in kennels (9%), and home pets (6%). In the studied wild carnivores, T. vulpis infestation was found in 30.7% of the jackals, and in 12.2% of the foxes. The results showed that trichurosis is one of the commonest intestinal helminithoses in dogs and jackals.
Comprehension without segmentation: a proof of concept with naive discriminative learning

ABSTRACT Current theories of auditory comprehension assume that the segmentation of speech into word forms is an essential prerequisite to understanding. We present a computational model that does not seek to learn word forms, but instead decodes the experiences discriminated by the speech input. At the heart of this model is a discrimination learning network trained on full utterances. This network constitutes an atemporal long-term memory system. A fixed-width short-term memory buffer projects a constantly updated moving window over the incoming speech onto the network's input layer. In response, the memory generates temporal activation functions for each of the output units. We show that this new discriminative perspective on auditory comprehension is consistent with young infants' sensitivity to the statistical structure of the input. Simulation studies, both with artificial language and with English child-directed speech, provide a first computational proof of concept and demonstrate the importance of utterance-wide co-learning.
DeepChain: Auditable and Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning with Blockchain-Based Incentive

Deep learning can achieve higher accuracy than traditional machine learning algorithms in a variety of machine learning tasks. Recently, privacy-preserving deep learning has drawn tremendous attention from information security community, in which neither training data nor the training model is expected to be exposed. Federated learning is a popular learning mechanism, where multiple parties upload local gradients to a server and the server updates model parameters with the collected gradients. However, there are many security problems neglected in federated learning, for example, the participants may behave incorrectly in gradient collecting or parameter updating, and the server may be malicious as well. In this article, we present a distributed, secure, and fair deep learning framework named DeepChain to solve these problems. DeepChain provides a value-driven incentive mechanism based on Blockchain to force the participants to behave correctly. Meanwhile, DeepChain guarantees data privacy for each participant and provides auditability for the whole training process. We implement a prototype of DeepChain and conduct experiments on a real dataset for different settings, and the results show that our DeepChain is promising.
Perception of Subtle Racism

Identifying contemporary racism has been problematic as this type of racism, namely subtle racism, is difficult to discern, and the actions in question can be easily justified by other causes. The present study examined how group status and legitimizing ideologies predict perception of subtle racism. White (high status) and Black (low status) college students completed measures of legitimizing ideologies. Later, they watched a video clip on an ambiguous interracial conflict, recalled the clip, and judged whether the situation was attributable to racism. Findings showed that members of the low status groups and/or individuals who were less likely to endorse ideologies were more likely to perceive subtle racism. In addition, social dominance orientation indirectly predicted the perception of subtle racism through system justification legitimizing ideologies. Contrary to our hypothesis, group status did not change the relationship between ideologies and perceptions of subtle racism.
329-335 Panichi:Gorni

Introduction: Although several registries collecting data of patients with kidney diseases exist, only a few specifically collect data relating to renal biopsy. Kidney biopsy has been performed routinely in Pisa since 1977; the aim of this study was to report the relative frequency of nephropathies according to gender, age at time of biopsy, clinical presentation and renal function, based on histological diagnoses during the years 1977 through 2005. During this time, 3,810 kidney biopsies were performed, of which 89.3% were from native (n=3,446) and 10.7% from transplant kidneys. Throughout this period, 5% of renal biopsies were not diagnostic, so in this paper we report data regarding 3,269 native kidney nephropathies. Methods: During the years 1977 through 2005, data for renal biopsies were collected on specific registers filled out by clinicians. Information collected in the database included a variety of indicators, such as clinical anamnesis, creatinine clearance, daily proteinuria, hemoglobin levels, blood pressure, height and weight, clinical presentation, and current medications. Clinical presentation was defined as urinary abnormalities (UA), nephrotic syndrome (NS) and acute nephritic syndrome (ANS). Renal diseases were divided into 4 major categories: primary glomerulonephritis (GN), secondary GN, tubulointerstitial nephropathies (TIN) and vascular nephropathies (VN). Results: From 1977 up to 1987, a mean of 95 ± 18 renal biopsies/year were performed; this number significantly increased to 185 ± 22 renal biopsies/year (range 138-200) (p<0.001) in the following period (1988-2005). Renal biopsy was more frequently performed in males (59%) compared with females (41%). Of all diseases of the native kidney, primary GN was the most frequent (66%), followed by secondary GN (25.6%), TIN (4.2%) and VN (4.2%). The type of primary GN with the highest frequency was mesangial GN (both IgA and non-IgA) (45.7%), followed by membranous GN (23%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (19.8%), minimal change disease (5.3%), crescentic GN (4.2%) and postinfectious GN (2%). In terms of age, renal biopsy was more frequently performed in patients aged 20 to 60 years, and nearly 60% of patients presented a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 ml/min at the time of biopsy. The main clinical reason for performing renal biopsy was UA, in all the types of nephropathies. Conclusions: We confirm data that renal diseases are more frequent in men, with the exception of secondary GN. The mean age at diagnosis was 42 years resulting from the tendency not to perform renal biopsies in children and in elderly patients. Renal biopsy was mainly performed in patients with GFR >60 ml/min and asymptomatic urinary abnormalities suggesting concern on the part of clinicians regarding glomerular diseases. The tendency to perform renal biopsies has been significantly increasing throughout our follow-up period.
A Study of Serum Magnesium, Calcium and Phosphorus in Hypothyroidism

Introduction: Hypothyroidism, the commonest form of hormonal dysfunction, is due to thyroid hormone deficiency or its impaired activity. Various electrolyte disturbances in association with hypothyroidism were observed in many studies. The role of thyroid hormones on mineral metabolism is not well understood and the underlying mechanism too. The present study was undertaken to assess and analyze the alterations in the levels of serum calcium, magnesium and phosphorous and their relation with T3, T4 and TSH in hypothyroid state. Materials and Methods: A case control study was taken up on 40 normal healthy subjects and 40 subjects with thyroid hormone deficiency. Blood sample for analysis was collected from all the subjects. Serum T3, T4, TSH, magnesium, calcium and phosphorous were estimated in all the subjects. Results: A significant hypocalcemia was observed among cases compared to controls (p
Effect of Poly (N-IsoPropylAcrylamide) “PNIPAM” on Hepatic Cells of Swiss Albino Mice, Mus musculus

The present paper deals with the effect of polymeric compound poly ( N -isopropyl acrylamide) “PNIPAM” for their toxicity on hepatic cells. The nanoparticle is a xenobiotic compound that accumulates in the liver for their metabolism. Non-metabolizing xenobiotic compounds such as PNIPAM produces anomalies in the hepatic cells. Certain enzymes such as ALT and ALP can be assayed for the hepatocytic toxicity. An attempt has been made to know the toxic effect of “PNIPAM” in a concentration of 0.8mg/ml on the hepatic cells of Swiss Albino mice, Mus musculus . The ALT and ALP analysis were performed through test kits for their quantitative estimation. The histological result shows that several lesions were produced after the introduction of aqueous solution of PNIPAM for an incubation period of 48 hours. The toxicity was confirmed Spectrophotometrically by the assessment of enzyme ALT and ALP. The increased concentration of ALT (55.0 IU/L) and slight decrease in ALP (40.0 IU/L) concentration was responsible for the metabolic alteration and production of hepatocytic anomalies in the mice. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4. 9104 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 208-213
FLOORPLAN DESIGN FOR WIRING LENGTH MINIMIZATION IN ULSI CHIP USING SIMULATED ANNEALING

Floorplan and placement are very critical problems in ULSI CAD design. The common ULSI system design objectives are such as improving or maximizing wiring ability, reliability and/or yield, and reducing or minimizing chip size, power consumption, crosstalk and coupling noise. These are crucial factors in designing next generation EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools. Semiconductor scaling limits are forcing designers to look to novel circuits and design techniques to reduce design boundaries to maintain performance growth. In this research paper, we consider two system design objectives which are wiring length and crosstalk minimization. These are needed for greater modeling complexity and accuracy in EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools. We propose methodologies and directions for floorplan design automation tools to meet the challenges ahead with Simulated Annealing (SA) approach. This approach is one of the efficient heuristic search algorithms to effectively predict and optimize various design objectives.