Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of School Leadership on Student Outcomes

The past 30 years have seen numerous education reforms intended to raise the achievement standards of students. These reforms have resulted in school leadership becoming of great interest in international education. This interest stems from a belief that school leadership can significantly influence the quality of teaching and learning in their schools, and consequently student achievement, by improving the working conditions of their teachers, and the climate and environment of their school. Numerous leadership theories have been presented in education related literature, with transformational leadership and instructional leadership being the preferred styles. This paper will examine the effects of both transformational and instructional leadership styles on improving student outcomes. This analysis will occur through three key points of focus: teaching and learning, the collaborative establishment of school goals and vision, and an awareness of and engagement with external forces affecting their school.
Degree classification and recent graduates’ ability: Is there any signalling effect?

Research across several countries has shown that degree classification (i.e. the final grade awarded to students successfully completing university) is an important determinant of graduates’ first destination outcome. Graduates leaving university with higher degree classifications have better employment opportunities and a higher likelihood of continuing education relative to those with lower degree classifications. This article investigates whether one of the reasons for this result is that employers and higher education institutions use degree classification as a signalling device for the ability that recent graduates may possess. Given the large number of applicants and the amount of time and resources typically required to assess their skills, employers and higher education institutions may decide to rely on this measure when forming beliefs about recent graduates’ abilities. Using data on two cohorts of recent graduates from a UK university, results suggest that an Upper Second degree classification may have a signalling role.
Suitability of olive oil washing water as an electron donor in a feed batch operating bio-electrochemical system ; Idoneidad del agua de lavado de aceites de oliva como donador de electrones en un sistema alimentado por lotes bioelectroquímico

F.G. Fermoso, M.J. Fernández-Rodríguez, A. Jiménez-Rodríguez, A. Serrano and R. Borja a Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Ctra. de Utrera km 1, 41013-Sevilla, Spain. b Departamento de Sistemas Físicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. de Utrera, km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain. Corresponding author: antonio.serrano@ig.csic. es
Critical Analysis and Teachers’ Perspectives on Prospect One (Iranian Junior High School English Book

During educational innovation, textbooks play a crucial role as agents for change because they provide a picture of what the change is going to look like (Hutchinson & Torres, 1994). In 2013, following the revision policy of school curricula, the Iranian Ministry of Education renewed English teaching methodology from Reading Method to Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and as a result new English book series entitled “English for schools” was published. Following CLT principles, the new series, among other objectives, is trying to promote learners’ communicative competences in English. Considering the crucial role of textbooks in ELT program, this study aimed to investigate that to what extent Prospect 1 (the first volume of the above mentioned series) has the characteristics of a CLT syllabus, and what the strengths and weaknesses of Prospect 1 are. To this end, the textbook was scrutinized with reference to Cunningsworth's (1995) checklist. The findings revealed that the syllabus has made great progress in language teaching methodology in Iran and has been able to partially satisfy the learners' and teachers' needs. However, it has some deficiencies which are the lack of proper recycling of vocabularies, lack of phonetic transcription of new words and use of unauthentic contexts. To gain further insight into teachers' perception of the book, some English teachers were also interviewed. They believed although the book is a great progress compared to its predecessors, it has some shortcomings which the present
Quantum Control Landscapes Beyond the Dipole Approximation

We investigate the control landscapes of closed, finite level quantum systems beyond the dipole approximation by including a polarizability term in the Hamiltonian. Theoretical analysis is presented for the $n$ level case and formulas for singular controls, which are candidates for landscape traps, are compared to their analogues in the dipole approximation. A numerical analysis of the existence of traps in control landscapes beyond the dipole approximation is made in the four level case. A numerical exploration of these control landscapes is achieved by generating many random Hamiltonians which include a term quadratic in a single control field. The landscapes of such systems are found numerically to be trap free in general. This extends a great body of recent work on typical landscapes of quantum systems where the dipole approximation is made. We further investigate the relationship between the magnitude of the polarizability and the magnitude of the controls resulting from optimization. It is shown numerically that including a polarizability term in an otherwise uncontrollable system removes traps from the landscapes of a specific family of systems by restoring controllability. We numerically assess the effect of a random polarizability term on the know example of a three level system with a second order trap in its control landscape. It is found that the addition of polarizability removes the trap from the landscape. The implications for laboratory control are discussed.
Subjective Symptom of Visual Display Terminal Syndrome and State Anxiety in Adolescent Smartphone Users

The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine smartphone addiction, visual display terminal syndrome (VDTS) related symptoms, and state anxiety among adolescents, and 2) to identify the relationship among these variables. Data were collected via selfadministrated questionnaire survey from May to June, 2013. The survey was carried out with 540 voluntary participants at 13 to 24 years old from middle schools, high schools, and universities in Korea. The presence and severity of smartphone addiction, VDTS symptoms, and state anxiety were measured using Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, VDTS Questionnaire, and State Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Data were analyzed by Cohen’s Kappa coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The mean score of smartphone addiction for all students was 2.17 ± 0.51. The mean scores of smartphone addiction depending on school grade were 2.12 ± 0.53, 2.03 ± 0.48, and 2.42 ± 0.43 for middle school, high school, and college students, respectively. Subjects who experienced minor level of VDTS symptoms had a score of 0.49 ± 0.49 for VDTS symptoms. The score was increased when the level of addiction was higher. There were significant differences in VDTS subjective symptoms among smartphone addiction groups (p<.001). High-risk group of smartphone addiction had the highest scores in every subdomain of VDTS symptoms. Differences were also found in state anxiety among the three groups with smartphone addiction. The findings of this study showed that approximately one out of three adolescents might be classified into problematic smartphone users. Therefore, it is important to educate problematic smartphone users about smartphone addiction and VDTS symptoms to prevent further addiction and aggravation of anxiety.
The Relational Practice Existing Between a Service Provider and its Customers and the Customer Retention: a Comparison Between a Theoretical Model and Rival

This study discusses the strategy of customer retention by means of the practice of relationship marketing in an environment of services. It proposed a theoretical model and its hypotheses, which is compared to a rival model, identified from the perception of executives of a Business Group with outstanding performance in the services sector in Brazil. The constructs of customer satisfaction, value, services provider's reputation and trust are regarded as antecedents of the customer retention. Data analysis was implemented by multivariate statistical techniques, and the Structural Equations Modeling. The results indicate that the theoretical model presents a better conformity when compared to the rival model, but it needs additional theoretical and empirical discussions. Results from the theoretical model provide some relevant conjectural contributions. The main contributions of the model are three causal relationships confirmed in the test of hypotheses. The first of them is the confirmation of value as an antecedent of trust, this relationship is mediated by the supplier/service provider reputation (H2 and H3). The second contribution is the confirmation that the supplier/service provider reputation is a relevant construct in the context of relationship. The third contribution is the confirmation of the relationship existing in the customer retention which is directly influenced by the trust established between the client and the service provider (H4), holding 85.90% (R2 = 0.859) of its variance explained by the other constructs of the model (trust, supplier reputation, value and customer satisfaction). This study provides relevant evidences, showing that the value perceived by customers is a construct considered as antecedent of trust in services provider, and this relationship is mediated by the services provider's reputation. In addition this study shows that the services provider's reputation is important in the relational context studiedand that the customer retention is positively influenced by the trust placed in the services provider.
C-reactive protein levels of pleural fluid of parapneumonic effusions and its role in prognosis

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate levels of C-reactive protein (CRPpf), glucose (Gpf) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) of pleural effusions in patients with empyema (E) (n=18), complicated parapneumonic effusions (CPPE) (n=27) and uncomplicated parapneumonic effusions (UPPEs) (n=26). The control group (n=38) was comprised of patients with malignant effusions. We determined the correlation with the values of CRPpf with LDHpf and Gpf, as well as the presence of PPE complications, which determine if there is a relationship between the values of CRPpf in research groups and PPE complications. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman’s correlation analysis. The levels of CRPpf in patients with E were 76.44±30.55, in patients with CPPE 46.42±22.1, in patients with UPPE 23.56±19.38 and lower in the malignant groups 17.27±12.9. The area under the curve for distinguishing CPPE from E was 0.882±0.044 with 95% CI for CRP and sensitivity 0.667; specificity 0.962. As for the discrimination of CPPE vs. E, it was CRP≥65.5. The relationship between levels of CRPpf and pleural adhesions in patients with PPE was not found. We conclude that CRPpf levels can help in the diagnosis of PPE, but cannot predict long-term complications.
Natural convection study of brownian nano-size particles inside a water-filled cavity by lagrangian-eulerian tracking approach

In this research Lagrangian method is employed to track the nanoparticles inside a differentially heated walls nanofluidfilled cavity in natural convective flow. The thermo-physical properties of the solid-liquid mixture is also included in Eulerian frame. There are multiple interactions between fluid and particles which turns the simulations for solid-liquid highly complicated. ANSYS FLUENT 15.0 was used in this research to model submicron particles. Moreover, important interaction forces are implemented in the software as a User Defined Function (UDF) to modify the Lagrangian model. Brownian movement of the particles is assumed as a diffusion force acting on each particle during small user defined time step. Pressure gradient, gravity, virtual mass and Thermophoresis forces have also added to the force balance equation. Electrostatic forces are the contributing factors for stability of the nanofluid which they are needed to be present in dynamic equation of the particles. The importance of the forces on distribution of the particles is compared. The results show that the presence of these forces has considerable impact on nanoparticles concentration profiles. INTRODUCTION Some experimental and theoretical analyses of nanoparticles-liquid mixture have shown that nanofluids thermo-physical properties can be treated as highly homogeneous mixture properties [1-3]. On the other hand, the distribution of nanoparticles concentration particularly at the vicinity of the walls cannot be ignored [4, 5]. Considering some important interaction forces could improve the heat transfer results and somehow concentration distribution of solid-liquid flows, but the nanoscale fluid flow is complicated and different than other sizes of particulate flows. Some researchers [6,7] mentioned that Brownian diffusion and thermophoretic forces are the main contributing factors of nanoparticles distribution and other forces are weak, such as non-uniform shear rate, viscosity gradient, gravity and so on. Hwang et al. [7] showed that thermo-physical properties of nanofluids are the most significant parameters in calculation of heat and flow features. Even though, knowing these will not lead to understand the real distribution of nanoparticles inside the flow. Discrete phase modelling (DPM) could be the useful approach to cover some parts of weaknesses of others [8]. This model specifically considers the effects of each force in force balance equation of the particles. As a result, the influences of other forces such as lift force due to high and non-uniform shear rate and electrostatic forces can be included, which was mentioned by some researchers as the main phenomena happening in nanofluids [4]. Therefore, study of considering other forces specially lift, Brownian diffusion (as a force) and electrostatic forces in DPM is the motivation of this research. Also, the heat and flow features are calculated based on thermo-physical properties of the nanofluid and similar to single phase modelling.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN STRENGTHS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SAMPLES RECOVERED DURING LEGS 137 , 140 , AND 148 FROM HOLE 504 B 1

We have measured the unconfined strength and the tangent Young's modulus under uniaxial loading conditions of 16 minicores sampled from material recovered over the interval 1500-2100 mbsf from Ocean Drilling Program Hole 504B during Legs 137, 140, and 148. Relationships between strength and physical properties such as porosity and density are similar to those of rocks sampled at shallower depth in the same hole. However, trends in these data are different from those predicted from analysis of cores from other boreholes drilled into crust significantly older than that at Site 504. This agrees with several studies which demonstrate that changes in crustal properties with age continue to occur even in much older crust. Relationships between rock strength and electrical properties such as formation factor are tenuous, in part because of the fairly narrow range of properties of these rocks. Observation of tensile failure in 4-arm caliper logs in the deepest section of Hole 504B, and a relative lack of compressional breakouts, may be an indication of a strike-slip stress regime, in contrast to a shallower strike-slip/ reverse faulting regime inferred previously. However, stress magnitudes in the deeper sections of Hole 504B should not be quantified solely on the basis of these core measurements and on elongations detected in 4-arm caliper logs, because of the poor sample coverage, the lack of sensitivity of the caliper log to breakouts when compared to a borehole televiewer, and the possible influence of drilling-induced microcracks on the core properties.
Learning Externalities in Opaque Asset Markets: Evidence from International Commercial Real Estate

This paper examines the effect of pre-trade transparency on return co-movements in international commercial real estate. We introduce a reference portfolio as a market's individual return benchmark. For each property market, the portfolio includes all markets with a higher pre-trade transparency. Their proximity in transparency levels imposes a learning-based linkage mechanism. A large variation in excess returns is explained by the risk exposure to the reference portfolio. Through the implied transmission channel, spillover and feedback effects arise from local shocks and lead to co-movements across real estate markets. Specifically, cultural familiarity allows investors to overcome the limited pre-trade transparency.
he effect of temperature on the embryonic development of arramundi , the Australian strain of Lates calcarifer ( Bloch ) using urrent hatchery practices

Lates calcarifer (barramundi or Asian seabass) has been farmed since the 1970s, yet despite its widespread culture little has been documented on the species’ embryonic development and particularly how development relates to temperature. This is particularly the case for the Australian L. calcarifer genetic strain. Accordingly, embryonic development of fertilised barramundi eggs incubated at 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 and 36 ◦C were followed from the time of incubation until hatching and the timing to reach key developmental stages and temperature-induced hatching success established. Eggs incubated at 26 and 36 ◦C did not
Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of various plant leaves against selected microbial species.

To evaluate the antimicrobial activities of extract of leaves were examined against four common bacterial isolates. The ethanolic extracts of various leaves such as Moringa oleifera (Murungai) , Musa paradisiaca (Banana), Azardiratica indica (Neem), Cynodon dactylon(Grass), Alternanthera sessilis (Ponnangkani), Anisochilus carnosus (Karpooravalli), investigated individually for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method . These were investigated against selected species of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae to find the inhibitory activities of the microbes. The ethanolic extract of Azardiratica indica showed considerably high activity against Escherichia coli than other extracts. These results were compared with standard antibiotic Penicillin. But the extract showed higher activity than the given standard antibiotic.
Massive MIMO relaying with linear precoding in correlated channels under limited feedback

In this paper we study on a massive MIMO relay system with linear precoding under the conditions of imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) and per-user channel transmit correlation. In our system the source-relay channels are massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ones and the relay-destination channels are massive multiple-input single-output (MISO) ones. Large random matrix theory (RMT) is used to derive a deterministic equivalent of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at each user in massive MIMO amplify-forward and decode-forward (M-MIMO-ADF) relaying with regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoding, as the number of transmit antennas and users M,K approaches to infinity and M>>K. In this paper we obtain a closed-form expression for the deterministic equivalent of h^H_kW(hat)_lh(hat)_k, and we give two theorems and a corollary to derive the deterministic equivalent of the SINR at each user. Simulation results show that the deterministic equivalent of the SINR at each user in M-MIMO-ADF relaying and the results of Theorem 1, Theorem 2, Proposition 1 and Corollary 1 are accurate.
Spatial nature of urban well-being

ABSTRACT The evidence for connections between subjective well-being and spatial factors remains inconclusive, especially with respect to the immediate living environment. To fill this gap, this paper explores the relationship between individual-level subjective well-being and spatial variables in urban areas. This resolution is achieved by utilizing finely divided geographical information system (GIS)-based neighbourhood data, and controlling for objective and subjective spatial characteristics, as well as socio-spatial factors. The results suggest that subjective well-being has some spatial nature, but the direction of these relationships is highly dependent on the subjective well-being measure used. For example, central pedestrian zones flourish in terms of quality of life, whereas the highest happiness is reported in car-oriented zones. Overall, subjective spatial characteristics are more important for well-being than objective ones.
The AMIGA sample of isolated galaxies: VIII. The rate of asymmetric HI profiles in spiral galaxies

(abridged) Measures of the HI properties of a galaxy are among the most sensitive interaction diagnostic at our disposal. We report here on a study of HI profile asymmetries (e.g., lopsidedness) in a sample of some of the most isolated galaxies in the local Universe. This presents us with an excellent opportunity to quantify the range of intrinsic HI asymmetries and provides us with a zero-point calibration for evaluating these measurements in less isolated samples. We characterize the HI profile asymmetries and search for correlations between HI asymmetry and their environments, as well as their optical and far infrared (FIR) properties. We use high signal-to-noise global HI profiles for galaxies in the AMIGA project (this http URL). We restrict our study to N=166 galaxies with accurate measures of the HI shape properties. We quantify asymmetries using a flux ratio parameter. The asymmetry parameter distribution of our isolated sample is well described by a Gaussian model. The width of the distribution is sigma=0.13, and could be even smaller (sigma=0.11) if instrumental errors are reduced. Only 2% of our carefully vetted isolated galaxies sample show an asymmetry in excess of 3sigma. By using this sample we minimize environmental effects as confirmed by the lack of correlation between HI asymmetry and tidal force (one-on-one interactions) and neighbor galaxy number density. On the other hand, field galaxy samples show wider distributions and deviate from a Gaussian curve. As a result we find higher asymmetry rates (~10-20%) in such samples. We find evidence that the spiral arm strength is inversely correlated with the HI asymmetry. We also find an excess of FIR luminous galaxies with larger HI asymmetries that may be spirals associated with hidden accretion events. Our sample presents the smallest fraction of asymmetric HI profiles compared with any other yet studied.