Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adverse effects of energy drink on rat pancreas and the therapeutic role of each of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and nigella sativa oil.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Energy drinks have been observed to threaten public health leading to many medical problems. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have broad prospects in tissue regeneration. Nigella Sativa (NS) possess great therapeutic properties for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty adult male albino rats were divided into: control group and treated group. The treated group was further subdivided into: energy drink subgroup 2a, BMSCs-injected subgroup 2b, NS-injected subgroup 2c. Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical assessment was performed. RESULTS Administration of energy drink revealed that it adversely affected the pancreatic cytoarchitecture. BMSCs and NS have been similarly observed to significantly ameliorate the histological, biochemical and immunohistochemical changes induced by energy drink. CONCLUSION s: The extent of pancreatic regeneration, exerted by each of BMSCs and NSO, is nearly similar but the effect of BMSCs is more superior, however, nigella sativa could be privileged to BMSCs as a line of treatment being easily accessible and of lower cost.
Conflict free air traffic flow management with variable speeds

This paper discusses a unique formulation of en-route flight planning problem in a constrained airspace with the objective of minimizing the total cost while all safety rules are respected. A mixed integer programming (MIP) model that considers mid-air collision avoidance, separation distance between aircrafts, speed changes, speed-dependent fuel consumption rate and exact traveling times has been developed using a non-time indexed modeling approach. A 3-dimensional (3D) mesh network is used to provide alternative routing options for aircrafts. The MIP solution provides a en-route flight plan as a list of consecutive nodes to be visited by an aircraft, time of arrival at each node and average speed on each link. Consequently, the cost incurred from delays, earliness and fuel usage is minimized. Fuel consumption is modeled as a function of aircraft speed without loosing the linearity of the mathematical model. The proposed non-time indexed model guarantees separation distances between aircrafts and ensures the mid-air collision avoidance during flight, particularly around airports. The MIP model is NP-hard. While only small to medium size problems can be solved using CPLEX on a personal computer, a real-time decision making capability is achieved through decentralized and hybrid solution strategies.
Blood pressure distribution and control in coronary patients from 24 European countries in the European Society of Cardiology EURoObservational Research Programme European survey of cardiovascular disease prevention and diabetes. EUROASPIRE IV Registry.

BACKGROUND Hypertension is the most prevalent major independent risk factor for developing coronary heart disease (CHD). The present analysis aimed to assess blood pressure (BP) distribution and factors associated with insufficient BP control in coronary patients from 24 countries participating in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURoObservational Research Programme (EORP) EUROASPIRE IV survey. METHODS EUROASPIRE IV is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2012-2013 in patients aged 80 years or less hospitalized for CHD with a follow-up visit at a median of 16 months later. Logistic regression analysis was applied to confirm factors associated with BP control defined as less than 140/90 mmHg for nondiabetic patients and less than 140/85 mmHg for diabetic patients. RESULTS A total of 7998 patients (response rate, 48.7%) attended the follow-up visit. Complete data were available in 7653 participants (mean age 62.5 ± 9.6 years). The BP goal was achieved in 57.6%. Patients failing to achieve the BP goal were older, had higher BMI, had more often a history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and reported diabetes more frequently. Logistic regression confirmed the following independent significant predictors of not achieving the BP goal: a history of diabetes [odds ratio (OR) 1.75], obesity (OR 1.70 vs. normal BMI), overweight (OR 1.28 vs. normal BMI), age at least 65 years (OR 1.53) and CABG as the index event (OR 1.26 vs. acute MI). CONCLUSION EUROASPIRE IV found insufficient BP control in a large proportion of patients with stable CHD, with diabetes, increased BMI, older age and CABG as the index event being independent predictors of poor BP control.
Disaggregated Crash Prediction Models for Different Crash Types

Road safety affects health and development worldwide, thus it is essential to examine the factors that influence crashes and injuries. As the relationships between crashes, the severity of injuries, and possible risk factors could vary depending on the type of collision, we attempt to develop disaggregated prediction models for different crash types in terms of number of vehicles involved in the crash (i.e. single- and multi-vehicle crashes). As disaggregated speed data are available from the probe vehicles equipped with global positioning system (GPS) devices, it is possible to determine how average speed and its dispersion affect crashes and injuries. We also examine risk factors including geometric design, weather conditions, and temporal distribution. A comprehensive database is thus established with information on road crashes and other possible risk factors for selected road segments in Hong Kong. In particular, a joint probability model is applied to analyze crash occurrence and severity simultaneously under an integrated modeling framework. As a result, speed plays an important role in road safety performance. Furthermore, rainfall and several geometric factors are also significantly associated with crash occurrence or severity.
Effect of Stress on the Work Ability of Aging American Workers: Mediating Effects of Health

We examined how stress affects the work ability of an aging workforce, how health mediates this relationship, and how the effects of stress on work ability differ in relation to social status. We analyzed data from the Health and Retirement Survey, namely, 2921 observations in 2010, 2289 observations in 2012, and 2276 observations in 2014. Ongoing chronic stress, social status, health status, and associations with individual work ability were assessed with ordinary least squares regression. Stress was significantly inversely associated with work ability. Health may function as a mediator between individual stress and work ability. The effects of stress and health on work ability decreased as social status increased. To cope with the challenges of aging workforces, future policy-makers should consider job resources and social status.
Just a click away: Action–state orientation moderates the impact of task interruptions on initiative

Abstract Objective The present research examines the role of individual differences in self‐regulation (i.e., demand‐related action–state orientation) on initiative to resume an interrupted task. Method In three studies (N 1 = 208, 55% male, M age = 33.2; N 2 = 457, 62% male, M age = 31.7; N 3 = 210, 60% male, M age = 32.6), participants were notified about a network interruption while playing a computer game. Participants could dismiss the interrupting notification by clicking a continue button or wait until the notification timed out. We manipulated demand by presenting notifications during (demand) versus after game rounds (no demand). Results Demand‐related action orientation was associated with higher probability to dismiss the notification during a game round, controlling for dismissal after a game round. Findings occurred when controlling for task ability and task motivation, were specific for demand‐ and not threat‐related action orientation, were complemented by shorter dismissal latencies, and were stable across interruption timeouts (Studies 1–3). Exposure through repetition resulted in adaptation (Study 3). Conclusion The findings suggest that people with lower action orientation have less self‐regulatory ability to initiate goal‐directed action and resume interrupted tasks—even if they are just a click away. Findings are discussed within the framework of Personality Systems Interactions theory.
5-year follow-up of active tuberculosis development from latent infection in rural China.

The 5-year follow-up study observed declining rates of active disease development from latent tuberculosis infection after the first two years. In the latter three years, the incidence was 0.26/100 person*years for interferon-γ releasing assay positives and 0.19/100 person*years for tuberculin skin test positives (p=0.275), respectively.
The use of metformin, insulin, sulphonylureas, and thiazolidinediones and the risk of fracture: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

Certain glucose‐lowering medications have been implicated in the risk of fracture. While there is convincing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that thiazolidinedione use is associated with a higher risk of fracture, the effects of metformin, insulin, and sulphonylureas on the risk of fracture remain equivocal because these medications are not generally investigated in RCTs. A meta‐analysis of observational studies to provide further insights into the association between the use of metformin, insulin, sulphonylureas, or thiazolidinediones and the risk of fracture was performed. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant observational studies. A random effects model was used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The use of insulin (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.29, 1.73; n = 23 studies), sulphonylureas (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.18, 1.43; n = 10), and thiazolidinediones (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13, 1.35; n = 14) was associated with an increased risk of fracture, whereas the use of metformin was associated with a reduced risk of fracture (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75, 0.99; n = 12). Regarding types of thiazolidinediones, both pioglitazone (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.23, 1.54; n = 5) and rosiglitazone (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.14, 1.58; n = 5) were positively associated with the risk of fracture. In summary, there is compelling evidence to discourage the use of thiazolidinediones in individuals with an increased risk of fracture, whereas metformin appears to have a good safety profile for the risk of fracture. The reduced risk of fracture with metformin could possibly be due to the reduced overall risk of fracture among metformin users, as this medication is typically prescribed in the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The use of insulin or sulphonylureas may increase fracture risk; this risk is most likely attributed to an increased risk of hypoglycaemia‐induced falls. Further confirmation by additional RCTs is required to determine whether the observed association between the use of metformin, insulin, or sulphonylureas and the risk of fracture is due to treatment with these medications or confounding factors.
Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry in Tumor Progression: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Implications

The remodeling of Ca2+ homeostasis has been implicated as a critical event in driving malignant phenotypes, such as tumor cell proliferation, motility, and metastasis. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that is elicited by the depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores constitutes the major Ca2+ influx pathways in most nonexcitable cells. Functional coupling between the plasma membrane Orai channels and ER Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins regulates SOCE activation. Previous studies in the human breast, cervical, and other cancer types have shown the functional significance of STIM/Orai-dependent Ca2+ signals in cancer development and progression. This article reviews the information on the regulatory mechanisms of STIM- and Orai-dependent SOCE pathways in the malignant characteristics of cancer, such as proliferation, resistance, migration, invasion, and metastasis. The recent investigations focusing on the emerging importance of SOCE in the cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor angiogenesis and antitumor immunity, are also reviewed. The clinical implications as cancer therapeutics are discussed.
Attaching Translations to Proper Lexical Senses in DBnary

The DBnary project aims at providing high quality Lexical Linked Data extracted from different Wiktionary language editions. Data from 10 different languages is currently extracted for a total of over 3.16M translation links that connect lexical entries from the 10 extracted languages, to entries in more than one thousand languages. In Wiktionary, glosses are often associated with translations to help users understand to what sense they refer to, whether through a textual definition or a target sense number. In this article we aim at the extraction of as much of this information as possible and then the disambiguation of the corresponding translations for all languages available. We use an adaptation of various textual and semantic similarity techniques based on partial or fuzzy gloss overlaps to disambiguate the translation relations (To account for the lack of normalization, e.g. lemmatization and PoS tagging) and then extract some of the sense number information present to build a gold standard so as to evaluate our disambiguation as well as tune and optimize the parameters of the similarity measures. We obtain F-measures of the order of 80\% (on par with similar work on English only), across the three languages where we could generate a gold standard (French, Portuguese, Finnish) and show that most of the disambiguation errors are due to inconsistencies in Wiktionary itself that cannot be detected at the generation of DBnary (shifted sense numbers, inconsistent glosses, etc.).
Efficacy of botulinum toxin in the treatment of bruxism: Systematic review

Background Currently it has been shown that botulinum toxin is effective for a wide variety of medical conditions, and can be applied for therapeutic purposes as cosmetic. In recent years, there has been a growing trend in the use of this drug substance to control the muscular overactivity of bruxism. The objective of this study was the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) than traditional methods, by conducting a systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published in the health sciences literature. Material and Methods An electronic search was made in the databases of the PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus data between March and October 2017, ECA, which will analyze the effect of botulinum toxin in the treatment of bruxism. We included studies of bruxist patients older than 18 years where BTX-A tests were performed on the masseter and / or temporal muscles and the control systems were injections of placebo (saline) or the use of traditional methods for the treatment of bruxism. such as occlusal splints, other medications or cognitive-behavioral therapy. Results Of the 68 studies identified, 4 RCTs that fit our inclusion criteria were selected. These studies show that BTX-A injections can reduce the frequency of bruxism episodes, decrease pain levels and maximum occlusal force generated by this pathology, offer superior efficacy in the treatment of bruxism compared to control groups who were treated with placebo or with traditional methods for the treatment of bruxism. Conclusions Infiltrations with BTX-A are a safe and effective treatment for patients with bruxism, so its use is justified in daily clinical practice, especially in patients diagnosed with severe bruxism. Key words:Bruxism, botulinum toxins.
Where Do We Look? Assessing Gaze Patterns in Cosmetic Face-Lift Surgery with Eye Tracking Technology.

BACKGROUND Aesthetics plays a central role in determining success in plastic surgery. Understanding perceptions of favorable aesthetics is critical to ensure patient satisfaction. Eye-tracking technology offers an objective way of evaluating attention and understanding how viewers direct their focus on patients who undergo cosmetic face-lift procedures. METHODS Thirty-six subjects ranging from layperson to attending plastic surgeon viewed 15 sets of photographs before and after patients underwent an elective face-lift procedure. They were instructed to evaluate the aesthetic quality on a Likert scale while eye-tracking equipment tracked their gaze and analyzed their distribution of attention. RESULTS Postoperative images showed a Likert score improvement of 0.51 ± 0.26, with the greatest difference in attending cosmetic plastic surgeons (1.36 ± 0.22; p < 0.05). The nose was the most common first fixation location (31 percent of first fixations) and the most viewed area (16 ± 3 percent of fixation time) for all subjects. Experienced subjects spent less time in nonrelevant areas (30 ± 11 percent for attending cosmetic plastic surgeons and 37 ± 10 percent for attending noncosmetic plastic surgeons) compared with less experienced subjects (50 ± 15 percent for laypersons). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that viewers with greater experience in cosmetic surgery focus quickly on the cheeks, chin, and neck and have evenly distributed gaze across the entire face. These results suggest that a layperson's gaze is drawn to the center of the face (because of both unfamiliarity with the face-lift procedure and the natural tendency to look at the central face), whereas attending plastic surgeons exhibit holistic gaze patterns and are more aware of the impact of the procedure.
Desktop Fabrication of Strong Poly (Lactic Acid) Parts: FFF Process Parameters Tuning

The current study aims to evaluate the possibilities to increase part strength by optimizing the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process parameters. Five different CAD models of parts with the same coupling dimensions but of different shape inherited from a recent study were converted into test samples with Ultimaker 2 3D printer. The main measure of success was the sample strength, defined as the load at which the first crack in the stressed area of the part appeared. Three different modifications to the FFF process with verified positive effect on interlayer bonding were applied. The first modification included raising the extrusion temperature and disabling printed part cooling. The second modification consisted of reduction in the layer thickness. The third modification combined the effects of the first and the second ones. For four out of five shapes tested the applied process modifications resulted in significant strengthening of the part. The shape that exhibited the best results was subject to further research by creating special printing mode. The mode included fine-tuning of three technological parameters on different stages of the part fabrication. As a result it was possible to increase the part strength by 108% only by tuning printing parameters of the best shape designed with increasing its weight by 8%.
Rhythm Metrics of Spoken Korean

In this paper, the rhythm characteristics of spoken Korean are investigated. Instead of conventional methods in which rhythm events are examined by researchers' impressionistic judgments and interpretation, calculation of numerical measures are performed so that a large amount of data tokens can be processed. Besides, the technique of automatic speech recognition (ASR) is adopted for the purpose of future application of measured values into practical systems. Results show that some metrics are useful for characterizing the rhythm structure of Korean utterances as compared to that of other languages, especially those traditionally classified as stress-based language. It is also discussed whether the conventional dichotomy of rhythm classification is valid and plausible.
[Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy and unicomartmental knee arthroplasty in treating medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: a Meta analysis].

OBJECTIVE To systematic evaluate the outcome of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy(OWHTO) and unicomartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in treating medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. METHODS According to the retrieval strategy made by the Cochrane collaboration, a computer-base research of Medline, Pubmed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, and Wanfang databases was performed and search deadline was March 2018. Related Chinese and English orthopedic journals and conference papers were manually searched. Controlled studies of OWHTO and UKA in the treatment of medial knee osteoarthritis were included. The quality of included researches was evaluated, and the data of postoperative knee function, complications, total knee arthroplasty(TKA) revision rates, and postoperative pain were extracted. Meta analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS A total of 8 articles that met the criteria were included containing a total of 675 patients. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in postoperative HSS score, knee score, functional score, and Lysholm score between the OWHTO and UKA groups(P=0.32, P=0.87, P=0.22, P=0.53). The range of joint motion in the OWHTO group was better than that in the UKA group, and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.009). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications and the rates of revision to TKA between the two groups(P=0.81, P=0.23). There was no difference in postoperative knee pain between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS In the treatment of medial compartmental osteoarthritis of the knee that meets the surgical indications, OWHTO had better postoperative joint mobility. The results were similar in postoperative knee score, postoperative complications, and postoperative TKA revision rates between OWHTO and UKA groups.
Comparison of the immune response to vaccination with pigeon circovirus recombinant capsid protein (PiCV rCP) in pigeons uninfected and subclinically infected with PiCV

Infections with immunosuppressive pigeon circovirus (PiCV) pose the most severe health problem to the global pigeon breeding. The vaccination with immunogenic PiCV recombinant capsid protein (PiCV rCP) is a potential tool for disease control. Because of the high prevalence of PiCV asymptomatic infections, the subclinically infected pigeons will be vaccinated in practice. The aim of this study was to answer a question if vaccination of asymptomatic, infected with PiCV pigeons induces a similar immune response to PiCV rCP as in uninfected birds. One hundred and twenty 6-week-old carrier pigeons were divided into 4 groups (2 groups of naturally infected and uninfected with PiCV individuals). Birds from groups V and V1 were vaccinated twice with PiCV rCP mixed with an adjuvant, whereas pigeons from groups C and C1 were immunized with an adjuvant only. The expression of genes encoding IFN-γ, CD4, and CD8 T lymphocyte receptors; the number of anti-PiCV rCP IgY-secreting B cells (SBC) and anti-PiCV rCP IgY were evaluated 2, 21, 39 and 46 days post vaccination (dpv). Study results showed that the expression of CD8 and IFN-γ genes was higher in both groups of infected pigeons than in the uninfected birds, irrespective of vaccination. In the uninfected birds, the expression of these genes was insignificantly higher in the vaccinated pigeons. The anti-PiCV rCP IgY-SBC were detected on 2 and 23 dpv and seroconversion was noted on 23 and 39 dpv in V and V1 groups, respectively. In the light of the results obtained, it could be concluded that pigeon circovirus recombinant capsid protein elicits the immune response in both naturally infected and uninfected pigeons, but its rate varies depending on PiCV infectious status. The infection with PiCV masks the potential cellular immune response to the vaccination with PiCV rCP and leads to the suppression of humoral immunity.