Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HLA‐A*02 repertoires in three defined population groups from North and Central India: Punjabi Khatries, Kashmiri Brahmins and Sahariya Tribe

The allelic family of HLA‐A*02 with a repertoire of approximately 1022 alleles represents the predominant and most heterogeneous group at the HLA‐A locus. This remarkable diversity signifies its evolutionary relevance. Its population‐specific diversity is attributed to environmental factors and pathogen pressure and can be harnessed in biology and medicine, particularly in disease association and for HLA‐based vaccination approaches. We therefore investigated the HLA‐A*02 repertoire in two North Indian caste populations, viz Punjabi Khatries (PK, N = 250), Kashmiri Brahmins (KB, N = 160) and a Central Indian tribe Sahariya (ST, N = 100) using Luminex‐based high‐resolution rSSO method. When required, results were confirmed with high‐resolution PCR‐SSP and/or next‐generation sequencing (NGS). In the three populations evaluated, HLA‐A*02 was observed with an overall high phenotypic/allelic frequency, however, A*02 repertoire differed among them. A total of six alleles were observed (A*02:01, *02:03, *02:05, *02:06, *02:07 and *02:11) in the caste groups, compared with four (except *02:05 and *02:07) in the tribals. Our striking observation was the high occurrence of A*02:11 at the repertoire level (80.6% in ST, 39% in PK, 31.8% in KB). Globally, this allele is rare, observed with low frequencies in limited ethnic groups. The primordial A*02:01 allele, representative A*02 allele in most ethnicities was observed as the second predominant allele (PK = 27.3%, KB = 31.8% and ST = 11.9%). Extremely high occurrence of A*02:11 in ST may be representation of ancient Austro‐Asiatic genetic pool. In caste populations, the observed A*02 repertoire may be a consequence of natural selection and/or admixture from different populations.
Pension Funds Interconnections and Herd Behavior

We use a unique dataset on the governance structures of 191 Dutch pension funds to study the effect of interconnections on strategic investment decisions in alternative assets. The interconnections are determined through trustees, actuaries, or dominant asset managers who provide services to multiple pension funds. We use spatial econometrics and find that pension funds that are interconnected via actuaries or dominant asset managers change their strategic allocations in the same direction over time, which is in line with herding. The effect of interconnections can be sizable. A pension fund interconnected to two other pension funds through the same dominant asset manager will increase on average its allocation to alternative investments by 2.5 percent if both pension funds increase their allocation by 10 percent, all else being equal. Conversely, pension funds interconnected via trustees display independent strategic asset allocations. Interconnections facilitate the transfer of information. However, herding can lead pension funds to develop an alternative asset class portfolio that is not in line with their liability structure, size, or knowledge level.
Frequent use of primary health care service in Greenland: an opportunity for undiagnosed disease case-finding.

OBJECTIVES To estimate the age- and gender-specific consultation rates of patients who availed primary health care service in Greenland and to analyse contact patterns among patients in Nuuk. DESIGN Observational and cross-sectional register study using data captured from the medical records. MATERIALS AND METHODS The number of patients specified by age and gender who had contacted the primary health care centres within the last year was identified using a statistic module applied to the electronic medical records system. The population as it was on the 1st of January 2011 was used as the background population. The age- and gender-specific consultation rates were calculated. Review of most recent contact was performed in a subsample of patients from Nuuk, and information of the type of contact and diagnoses was obtained. RESULTS Eighty-three percent of the population in Greenland had been in contact with the primary health care centre within the last year. Females were more frequent users than males. A subsample of 400 patients in Nuuk was identified. Personal contact was the most frequent type of consultation (75.8%), followed by telephone (14.8%) and e-mail (9.8%) consultations. Musculoskeletal symptoms accounted for the most frequent bases for diagnoses. CONCLUSION More than 80% of the whole population has been in contact with the primary health care system within the last year. This indicates that opportunistic case-finding of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, etc. providing a possible strategy for decreasing the number of undiagnosed cases.
Biological and Enzymatic Characterization of Proteases from Crude Venom of the Ant Odontomachus bauri

Hymenoptera venoms constitute an interesting source of natural toxins that may lead to the development of novel therapeutic agents. The present study investigated the enzymatic and biological characteristics of the crude venom of the ant Odontomachus bauri. Its crude venom presents several protein bands, with higher staining for six proteins with gelatinolytic activity (17, 20, 26, 29, 43 and 48 kDa). The crude venom showed high proteolytic activity on azocasein at optimal pH 8.0 and 37 °C. In the presence of protease inhibitors as aprotinin, leupeptin and EDTA, the azocaseinolytic activity was reduced by 45%, 29% and 9%, respectively, suggesting that the enzymes present in the crude venom belong to the three classes of proteases, with the serine proteases in greater intensity. The crude venom degraded the fibrinogen α-chain faster than the β-chain, while the fibrinogen γ-chain remained unchanged. In biological assays, O. bauri venom showed hemolytic and coagulant activity in vitro, and defibrinating activity in vivo. In addition, the venom showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as well as antiparasitic activity on Toxoplasma gondii infection in vitro. In that sense, this study sheds perspectives for pharmacological applications of O. bauri venom enzymes.
The Implication of Coronary Artery Calcium Testing for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Diabetes

Over the last two decades coronary artery calcium (CAC) scanning has emerged as a quick, safe, and inexpensive method to detect the presence of coronary atherosclerosis. Data from multiple studies has shown that compared to individuals who do not have any coronary calcifications, those with severe calcifications (i.e., CAC score >300) have a 10-fold increase in their risk of coronary heart disease events and cardiovascular disease. Conversely, those that have a CAC of 0 have a very low event rate (~0.1%/year), with data that now extends to 15 years in some studies. Thus, the most notable implication of identifying CAC in individuals who do not have known cardiovascular disease is that it allows targeting of more aggressive therapies to those who have the highest risk of having future events. Such identification of risk is especially important for individuals who are not on any therapies for coronary heart disease, or when intensification of treatment is being considered but has an uncertain role. This review will highlight some of the recent data on CAC testing, while focusing on the implications of those findings on patient management. The evolving role of CAC in patients with diabetes will also be highlighted.
Graphene and graphene nanomesh supported nickel clusters: electronic, magnetic, and hydrogen storage properties

Small-sized nanoparticles are widely used in applications such as catalysis, nanoelectronics, and hydrogen storage. However, the small size causes a common problem: agglomeration on the support template. One solution is to use templates that limit the mobility of the nanoparticles. Graphene nanomeshes (GNMs) are two dimensional porous structures with controllably passivated pores. In this work, we employ first principles calculations to investigate the potential for using GNMs as support templates for Ni clusters and, at the same time, study their magnetic and hydrogen storage properties. We consider two Ni clusters (Ni6 and Ni13) and two GNMs (O-terminated and N-terminated), comparing our results to those of isolated Ni clusters and those of Ni clusters on graphene. High stability of the Ni clusters is found on the N-GNM in contrast to the O-GNM. We quantify the hydrogen storage capacity by calculating the adsorption energy for multiple H2 molecules. The values on Nix/N-GNM are significantly reduced as compared to the corresponding isolated Nix clusters, but a high hydrogen storage capacity is maintained. The fact that Nix/N-GNM hosts spin polarization is interesting for spintronic applications.
Developing behavioural complexity among global leaders:an international, cross-continental study

Research evidence exists which indicates that the degree to which managers can develop behavioural complexity is linked to more effective leadership and higher firm performance. Behavioural complexity relates to the capacity for managers or leaders to engage in a wide repertoire of behaviours which will enable them to both maintain continuity and lead change. This paper sets out to explore differences in behavioural complexity among managers across different international contexts and across genders. It examines managers’ perceptions of how they relate to people, manage processes, lead change and produce results (i.e. their behavioural complexity). The research forms part of a wider investigation into the impact of management education on individual and organisational outcomes. It draws on a survey of managers from three countries and a variety of organisational settings (N= 286). The findings show that there are differences in behavioural complexity both across genders and across international contexts. Specifically, it finds evidence to suggest that female managers adopt a stronger internal focus (i.e. on managing processes), compared to males who adopt a stronger external focus (e.g. on producing results). In addition, the findings indicate that scores along the ‘relating to people’ dimension are significantly lower among managers in the US, compared to the other managers in the sample.
Strong and Weak Momentum Components: Evidence From International Market Indices

This paper provides a simple technique to modify momentum strategies to yield larger profits. Past long-term returns are used to split the conventional momentum strategy into strong and weak components. Our analysis shows that the early-stage momentum strategy consistently produces larger profits than both the late-stage momentum strategy and the pure momentum strategy. Given the widespread interest in momentum strategies, the early-stage momentum approach should be of interest to both practitioners and researchers.
The Impact of Talent Management Strategies on Bank Performance in Jordanian Commercial Banks

Talent management is very significant to the survive of firms in highly competitive business environment today. it refers to the application of needed employees for a firm and the programs to fit those needs and it combines employee knowledge, skills, attitude, values, competencies and work preferences. The explosive growth of Jordanian banking sector has led to an urgent need to develop talent management strategies as a means of boosting bank performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of talent management strategies on bank performance in Jordanian commercial banks. The design of the study has quantitative approach. Primary data was obtained by questionnaire instrument. The respondents in this study were line managers and HR managers in head admistrations. The number of population was 120 respondents. Random sampling was used in the study. 101completed questionnaires were analyzed as a final sample. Three hypotheses have been developed through literature review and tested using descriptive analysis and independent t-sample test performed by SPSS. The results indicate a positive association of attracting, developing and retaining talents with bank performance. bank management is advised to keep developing the attracting mechanism they have applied in order to cope with the changes in the business environment and stay competitive. Also, its advised to maintain developing the motivation system according to the labor market conditions and competitivnes in order to retain talented staff and to avoid labor turnover. As it should concentrate on the rewards mechanizim as a main key to retain talents. future studies recruiting larger sample sizes are needed. Furthermore, prospective studies should effectively compare Jordanian bank performance with other banks in the Middle East based on these variables.
DENTAL PATHOLOGY IN SELECTED CARNIVORES FROM ARKANSAS

The occurrenceand kinds of dental pathology in wildcarnivore populations in Arkansas wereinvestigated through examination of 1 295 skulls of bobcat (Felis rufus), river otter (Lutra canadensis), gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), coyote (Canis latrans), and raccoon(Procyon lotor). Pulpitis or abscesses in broken or otherwise exposed teeth were noted in all species, but bobcats had the fewest exposures while otter and gray fox had the most. Osteomyelitis occurred in all species except the bobcat. Caries were noted in the coyote, raccoon, and gray fox. Otter and coyote had alveolar thinning, and coyote had enamel dysplasia and maxillary sinusitis.
Perception of the informed consent form by participants in clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE To understand the perception of the participants in controlled clinical trials (CCTs) about the informed consent and describe the meaning of their participation in the research. METHODOLOGY Qualitative study using the focus group technique. The sample was composed of 19 patients who participated in clinical trials about hypertension and coronary disease in a specialized cardiologic hospital located in the city of Sao Paulo. The methodological framework used was the content analysis. RESULTS Some of the participants were aware of the real objective of these studies while others had misperceptions. The reading of the informed consent is not always done and, when it is done, the patient does not understand it. The lack of understanding about the term ''placebo'' was mentioned by some participants. The motivation to participate was the personal benefit. CONCLUSION This study shows that obtaining the informed consent in CCTs is complex and that there is the need to adapt the structure and application of this document, in order to protect the participants and improve the quality of clinical trials performed in the country.
Machine learning for identification of surgeries with high risks of cancellation

Surgery cancellations waste scarce operative resources and hinder patients’ access to operative services. In this study, the Wilcoxon and chi-square tests were used for predictor selection, and three machine learning models – random forest, support vector machine, and XGBoost – were used for the identification of surgeries with high risks of cancellation. The optimal performances of the identification models were as follows: sensitivity − 0.615; specificity − 0.957; positive predictive value − 0.454; negative predictive value − 0.904; accuracy − 0.647; and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve − 0.682. Of the three models, the random forest model achieved the best performance. Thus, the effective identification of surgeries with high risks of cancellation is feasible with stable performance. Models and sampling methods significantly affect the performance of identification. This study is a new application of machine learning for the identification of surgeries with high risks of cancellation and facilitation of surgery resource management.
A PROPOSED SYLLABUS FOR ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE WRITING CLASS AT UNIVERSITY

This present study intended to develop the first draft syllabus for writing course in English Education major. Particularly in teaching writing as foreign language, syllabus became one of the key factors for teachers before and while delivering the lesson. The research was carried out by initial steps of research and development approach (R and D). The respondents were the students from writing classes, writing lecturers, and the stakeholders in one university in Jakarta. In collecting data, the instruments were the questionnaire and in-depth interview. After analyzing the data from need analysis descriptively, the researchers have modeled a developed layout of the syllabus for writing class. The syllabus is developed in a set of concepts and rationale, general and specific objectives or outcomes of the course as competences, teaching methods, materials and content, practices and activity, and evaluation.
Selected Risk Factors of Developmental Delay in Polish Infants: A Case-Control Study

Despite a number of studies on the risk factors of developmental delay (DD) in children conducted in developed countries, Polish data are scarce, which hinder an early diagnosis and initiation of prevention/control measures. Objective: To assess selected risk factors of DD in infants. A case-control survey was conducted in 2017–2018 on 50 infants (≤1 year old) with DD and 104 healthy controls from three outpatient clinics in Szczecin, Poland. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire distributed among mothers. The most common risk factors in infants with DD were: Caesarian section (68%), infections (46%), and chronic diseases during pregnancy (48%). DD was significantly correlated with maternal infections and chronic diseases during pregnancy (both: p < 0.001), caesarian section (p < 0.001), preterm birth (p = 0.004), birth weight <2500 g (p = 0.03), Apgar score ≤7 (p < 0.01), prolonged hyperbilirubinemia (p < 0.001), and no breast-feeding (p = 0.04). This study reinforces multiple etiologies of DD. Preventive strategies regarding DD in Polish infants should focus on the pre/peri/postnatal risk factors identified in this study. Strategies that prevent and control such risk factors and those on early detection and intervention in high-risk infants are highly recommended.
Law, Biology, and Property: A New Theory of the Endowment Effect

Recent work at the intersection of law and behavioral biology has suggested numerous contexts in which legal thinking could benefit by integrating knowledge from behavioral biology. In one of those contexts, behavioral biology may help to provide theoretical foundation for, and potentially increased predictive power concerning, various psychological traits relevant to law. This Article describes an experiment that explores that context. The paradoxical psychological bias known as the endowment effect puzzles economists, skews market behavior, impedes efficient exchange of goods and rights, and thereby poses important problems for law. Although the effect is known to vary widely, there are at present no satisfying explanations for why it manifests when and how it does. Drawing on evolutionary biology, this Article provides a new theory of the endowment effect. Briefly, we hypothesize that the endowment effect is an evolved propensity of humans and, further, that the degree to which an item is evolutionarily relevant will affect the strength of the endowment effect. The theory generates a novel combination of three predictions. These are: (1) the effect is likely to be observable in many other species, including close primate relatives; (2) the prevalence of the effect in other species is likely to vary across items; and (3) the prevalence of the endowment effect will increase or decrease, respectively, with the increasing or decreasing evolutionary salience of the item in question. The authors tested these predictions in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) experiment, recently published in Current Biology. The data, further explored here, are consistent with each of the three predictions. Consequently, this theory may explain why the endowment effect exists in humans and other species. It may also help both to predict and to explain some of the variability in the effect when it does manifest. And, more broadly, the results of the experiment suggest that combining life science and social science perspectives could lead to a more coherent framework for understanding the wider variety of other cognitive heuristics and biases relevant to law.
Institutions or Geography: What Explains More to Trade Policy for Developing Nations?

This study attempts to develop a trade policy–growth nexus using political economy approach for world developing nations. Trade policy has been assumed as endogenous variable in whole analysis which means that many exogenous factors can have the effect on the policy choices in nations. Seven trade policy measures including policy based, outcome based, composite indices, and market based measures, have been covering the time span 1995-2013. Dynamic Panel Model has been estimated using an instrumental variable technique i.e. System Generalized Methods of Moment (SGMM). Findings of the model are confirming the importance of institutions and governance over geography in case of each trade policy proxy for developing nations. The policy recommendation on the basis of all these results is that neoliberal policies can be decisive for developing nations if integrated with good governance along with various political and economic institutions.
Reduced capacity for empathy in corticobasal syndrome and its impact on carer burden

Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is clinically characterised by a wide range of motor, cognitive, and behavioural features but remains challenging to diagnose accurately. Despite recent evidence supporting the presence of social cognition and emotion processing disturbances, few studies have explored the nature of empathic ability in CBS. This study aimed to (a) investigate the extent to which cognitive and affective dimensions of empathy are affected in CBS and (b) to determine the impact of such changes on carer burden. Empathic capacity was assessed in 29 CBS patients and 28 matched healthy controls. We employed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), an instrument measuring: (a) perspective taking, (b) fantasy, (c) empathic concern, and (d) personal distress. A significant change in both perspective taking and empathic concern was observed in CBS following disease onset. Furthermore, affective empathy deficits in CBS patients predicted higher levels of carer burden. Disturbances in both cognitive and affective empathy are present in CBS and lead to increased levels of carer burden.
Comparison of Retention Success for Multiple Tag Types in Common Snook

Abstract Tags are commonly used to uniquely identify fish in order to estimate population size, harvest rates, and fish behavior. However, some tags have the propensity to be shed (lost), which can bias results. To examine the shedding rates of external tags and the potential bias this introduces for common snook Centropomus undecimalis we marked adult snook with an internal 23-mm half duplex passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag (as a permanent mark) and one of two external tags: a T-bar anchor tag (44 mm; Floy, FD-68B) or a dart tag (89 mm × 2 mm; Floy, FT-1-94). Fish were tagged along sandy beaches of the Gulf of Mexico in southwestern Florida during the spawning season in 2007–2009. Short-term (37-d) external tag retention success was 100% for both tags. However, long-term (391-d) retention success was low for external tags (T-bar = 76%; dart = 38%). Given the limitations of and trade-offs among tag types, choosing the most appropriate tag will continue to challenge researchers. Until more universa.