Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Liquidity Shocks and Stock Market Reactions

We find that the stock market underreacts to stock-level liquidity shocks: liquidity shocks are not only positively associated with contemporaneous returns, but they also predict future return continuations for up to six months. Long-short portfolios sorted on liquidity shocks generate significant returns of 0.70% to 1.20% per month that are robust across alternative shock measures and after controlling for risk factors and stock characteristics. Furthermore, we show that investor inattention and illiquidity contribute to the underreaction: while both are significant in explaining short-term return predictability of liquidity shocks, the inattention-based mechanism is more powerful for the longer-term return predictability.
Discrimination between alzheimer's disease and control group in MR-images based on texture analysis using artificial neural network

In this study, we have proposed a novel method investigates MR-Images for normal and abnormal brains which effected by Alzheimer's Disease (AD) to extract 336 number of different features based on texture analysis. Before applying this algorithm, we have to use a registration method because of variety in size of normal and abnormal images. Consequently, the output of Texture Analysis System (TAS) is a vector containing 336 elements that are features extracted from texture. This vector is considered as the input of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) which is feed-forward one. The features extracted from the Gray-level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) have been interpreted and compared with normal brains to make the final decision. Decision making is the role of feed-forward ANN. Before using ANN, we have applied Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to eliminate any redundancies in features i.e. input vector. The results show a powerful diagnosis of AD with 95 percent proper response. Dataset includes 75 MR-images: 50 images show normal brains and rest of them is affected by AD. We used 60 percent of every group for training and 40 percent were considered as a "test data".
Serine‐arginine protein kinase 1 promotes a cancer stem cell‐like phenotype through activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling in NSCLC

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are commonly associated with cancer recurrence and metastasis that occurs in up to 30–55% of non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. Herein, we showed that serine‐arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) was highly expressed at both the mRNA and the protein levels in human NCSLC. SRPK1 was associated with the clinical features of human NSCLC, including clinical stage (p < 0.001) and T (p = 0.001), N (p = 0.007), and M (p = 0.001) classifications. Ectopic overexpression of SRPK1 promoted the acquisition of a stem cell‐like phenotype in human NSCLC cell lines cultured in vitro. Overexpression of SRPK1 increased sphere formation and the proportion of side‐population cells that exclude Hoechst dye. Conversely, SRPK1 silencing reduced the number of spheres and the proportion of side‐population cells. Mouse studies indicated that SRPK1 promoted NSCLC cell line tumour growth and SRPK1 overexpression reduced the number of tumour cells required to initiate tumourigenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, gene set enrichment analysis showed that Wnt/β‐catenin signalling correlated with SRPK1 mRNA levels and this signalling pathway was hyperactivated by ectopic SRPK1 expression in NSCLC cell lines. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that SRPK1 enhanced β‐catenin accumulation in the nuclei of NSCLC cell lines, and inhibition of β‐catenin signalling abrogated the SRPK1‐induced stem cell‐like phenotype. Together, our findings suggest that SRPK1 promotes a stem cell‐like phenotype in NSCLC via Wnt/β‐catenin signalling. Moreover, SRPK1 may represent a novel target for human NSCLC diagnosis and therapy. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‘I'd sell you suicide’: pop music and moral panic in the age of Marilyn Manson

Music makes mutations audible. (Attali 1977) In his opening remarks as host of the 1998 Grammy Award Show, sitcom actor, substance abuser and convicted drunk driver Kelsey Grammer promised that Marilyn Manson's ‘skinny white ass’ would not be appearing on the show. It was a truly extraordinary moment. Referring explicitly to his own teenage daughter, Spencer, Grammer couched this slur in the form of an inside joke for the baby boomer parents of children with seemingly inexplicable musical tastes. In so doing, he affirmed not only the intractable conservatism of the Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences but also the arrogant hegemony of his own generation within mainstream musical culture. The show proceeded to reward Bob Dylan with Album of the Year, James Taylor with Best Pop Album and Elton John with Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, while lavishing unbridled approbation upon the newest crop of corporate hit-makers, including Babyface, LeAnn Rimes, Hanson and the ubiquitous Spice Girls. Mitch Miller could not have orchestrated a more thoroughgoing tribute to the pop music status quo in America.
Childbearing and Wives' Foregone Earnings

This paper combines multi-state life-table analysis and the human capital model of wages to derive new estimates of the impact of children on hours of market work and earnings for American women aged 15 to 55. Panel data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Labor Market Experience are used to estimate multi-state tables of working life and to assess the impact of fertility on female labour force behaviour. Potential earnings based on a human capital wage model are combined with the working life histories implied by the life-table analysis to estimate opportunity expenditures (i.e. the money value of foregone employment opportunities) associated with different childbearing patterns. The impacts of race, school enrolment, educational attainment, marital status, marital status changes, birth cohort and fertility are considered. Some specific findings are: (1) with identical childbearing patterns, white women forego roughly five times as much as black women in market earnings between the ages of 15 and 5.
How the Growth in Income Inequality Increased Economic Segregation

Households became more geographically segregated by income in the United States between 1970 and 1990. Economic inequality also increased between 1970 and 1990. Using 1970, 1980, and 1990 Census data, I find that an increase in income inequality at the state level is associated with an increased in economic segregation in the state. The increase in segregation was not mainly the result of a decline in within-neighborhood economic heterogeneity. Economic inequality between households in the same census tract hardly changed between 1970 and 1990. The increase in segregation was mainly due to an increase in the variance of mean neighborhood income. This has important implications for interpreting the consequences of increases in economic segregation and for understanding why economic inequality and economic segregation are related.
Reciprocal Expression of the TNF Family Receptor Herpes Virus Entry Mediator and Its Ligand LIGHT on Activated T Cells: LIGHT Down-Regulates Its Own Receptor1

The TNF receptor (TNFR) family plays a central role in the development of the immune response. Here we describe the reciprocal regulation of the recently identified TNFR superfamily member herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) (TR2) and its ligand LIGHT (TL4) on T cells following activation and the mechanism of this process. T cell activation resulted in down-regulation of HVEM and up-regulation of LIGHT, which were both more pronounced in CD8+ than CD4+ T lymphocytes. The analysis of HVEM and LIGHT mRNA showed an increase in the steady state level of both mRNAs following stimulation. LIGHT, which was present in cytoplasm of resting T cells, was induced both in cytoplasm and at the cell surface. For HVEM, activation resulted in cellular redistribution, with its disappearance from cell surface. HVEM down-regulation did not rely on de novo protein synthesis, in contrast to the partial dependence of LIGHT induction. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors did not modify HVEM expression, but did enhance LIGHT accumulation at the cell surface. However, HVEM down-regulation was partially blocked by a neutralizing mAb to LIGHT or an HVEM-Fc fusion protein during activation. As a model, we propose that following stimulation, membrane or secreted LIGHT binds to HVEM and induces receptor down-regulation. Degradation or release of LIGHT by matrix metalloproteinases then contributes to the return to baseline levels for both LIGHT and HVEM. These results reveal a self-regulating ligand/receptor system that contributes to T cell activation through the interaction of T cells with each other and probably with other cells of the immune system.
Organizational Trust in the Canadian Forces

I RÉSUMÉ. II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. III SOMMAIRE. IV TABLE OF CONTENTS. VI LIST OF TABLES . VIII LIST OF FIGURES . IX CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 BACKGROUND.1 1.2 PURPOSE . 1 1.3 SCOPE . 2 1.4 WORK ITEMS.2 1.5 DELIVERABLES . 2 CHAPTER 2 – METHOD . 3 2.1
Exome sequencing and analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells identify the cilia-related gene male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) as a cause of retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetically heterogeneous heritable disease characterized by apoptotic death of photoreceptor cells. We used exome sequencing to identify a homozygous Alu insertion in exon 9 of male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) as the cause of disease in an isolated individual with RP. Screening of 1,798 unrelated RP patients identified 20 additional probands homozygous for this insertion (1.2%). All 21 affected probands are of Jewish ancestry. MAK encodes a kinase involved in the regulation of photoreceptor-connecting cilium length. Immunohistochemistry of human donor tissue revealed that MAK is expressed in the inner segments, cell bodies, and axons of rod and cone photoreceptors. Several isoforms of MAK that result from alternative splicing were identified. Induced pluripotent stem cells were derived from the skin of the proband and a patient with non-MAK–associated RP (RP control). In the RP control individual, we found that a transcript lacking exon 9 was predominant in undifferentiated cells, whereas a transcript bearing exon 9 and a previously unrecognized exon 12 predominated in cells that were differentiated into retinal precursors. However, in the proband with the Alu insertion, the developmental switch to the MAK transcript bearing exons 9 and 12 did not occur. In addition to showing the use of induced pluripotent stem cells to efficiently evaluate the pathogenicity of specific mutations in relatively inaccessible tissues like retina, this study reveals algorithmic and molecular obstacles to the discovery of pathogenic insertions and suggests specific changes in strategy that can be implemented to more fully harness the power of sequencing technologies.
Clinical Profile of Hypertensive Emergencies in an Intensive Care Unit.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of hypertensive emergencies in an ICU set up and to study the clinical presentation of hypertensive emergencies related to cardiovascular, neurological and renovascular system. METHODS Type of Study: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. DURATION OF STUDY Two years from 1st December 2011 till 30th November 2013. SAMPLE SIZE 50 patients of hypertensive emergencies admitted to the intensive care unit of Dr. V.M. Govt. Medical College, Solapur were studied. Inclusion criteria All patients above 18 years of age. Systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg Diastolic blood pressure > 120 mm Hg Exclusion criteria Pregnancy Patients with diabetes mellitus We classified as hypertensive emergencies all cases in which the increase in blood pressure was associated with one or more of the following types of acute or ongoing end-organ damage: hypertensive encephalopathy; stroke (cerebral infarction or intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack); acute pulmonary edema, left ventricular failure; acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina, progressive renal insufficiency features suggestive of retinopathy. All these conditions were diagnosed clinically or by approprriate diagnostic tests. CONCLUSIONS most common presenting complaint in patients was breathlessness seen in 17 patients (34%), followed by neurological deficit in 14 patients (28%). Thirteen patients (26%) had complaints of headache, whereas 12 (24%) patients complained of chest pain on admission. Other symptoms included vomiting, giddiness, psychomotor agitation, and decreased urine output. Out of a total of 4076 admissions during the study period in the intensive care unit we had 50 cases of hypertensive emergencies with prevalence of 1.22% in our intensive care unit. Most common organ involvement was the retina followed by cardiovascular system, renal and then the central nervous system.
Nerve growth factor gene and hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Objective High blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is associated with increased sympathetic innervation of key tissues, possibly as the result of increased nerve growth factor (NGF). The aim of this study was to test for genetic linkage of the NGF gene to high blood pressure. Design We studied NGF gene expression in young SHR and examined linkage of the NGF locus to mean arterial pressure in genetically segregating crosses of SHR and normotensive Donryu (DRY) rats. Methods NGF mRNA was measured by Northern blot, and a restriction fragment length polymorphism of the NGF gene revealed after digestion with the Nsil restriction enzyme was used to study inheritance. Results Levels of NGF mRNA were detected easily in the kidneys of 2-, 4- and 10-week-old SHR but not in agematched DRY rats. In an F2 population, the blood pressure of rats homozygous for the DRY NGF allele was 6mmHg less than in heterozygotes and 8mmHg less than in rats homozygous for the SHR NGF allele (analysis of variance, P< 0.004). In backcross rats the blood pressure of NGF heterozygotes was not significantly different from that of SHR homozygotes. Conclusion These results indicate differences in renal NGF mRNA in SHR during the development of hypertension and suggest that a genetic locus in or near the NGF gene contributes in a Mendelian dominant pattern to a significant increment in blood pressure in SHR.
China's Service Trade

This paper assesses the performance of China's service trade over recent decades by summarizing and presenting data on its size, growth rate, sectoral composition, comparative advantage, and degree of openness. The evidence based on comparative analysis suggests that despite China's high growth rate, the development of China's service trade lags behind its merchandise trade. With a policy environment adjusted in China's 12th 5-Year Plan, a growing significance of China's service trade to both China and the global economy is likely under the prospective development strategy. China's service trade has already had large impacts on China's economic growth, employment, and technology diffusion. We suggest that even more major impacts will follow in the years to come and that there are implications for global trade, FDI, and labor migration.
Federal Budget Rules: The Us Experience

Like many other developed economies, the United States has imposed fiscal rules in attempting to impose a degree of fiscal discipline on the political process of budget determination. The federal government has operated under a series of budget control regimes that have been complex in nature and of debatable impact. Much of the complexity of these federal budget regimes relates to the structure of the U.S. federal government. The controversy over the impact of different regimes relates to the fact that the rules have no constitutional standing, leading to the question of whether they do more than clarify a government's intended policies. In this paper, I review US federal budget rules and present some evidence on their possible effects. From an analysis of how components of the federal budget behaved under the different budget regimes, it appears that the rules did have some effects, rather than simply being statements of policy intentions. The rules may also have had some success at deficit control, although such conclusions are highly tentative given the many other factors at work during the different periods. Even less certain is the extent to which the various rules achieved whatever objectives underlay their introduction.
Socially Responsible Investment: Insights from Shari'a Departments in Islamic Financial Institutions

Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) are emerging as prominent players in the financial world and are increasingly known for their conservative socially responsible investment (SRI). Being the Shari'a regulators and monitors of IFIs, the Shari'a departments are expected to implement the Islamic perspective of SRI – drawn from Shari'a principles – in their respective institutions. The purpose of this paper is to develop an SRI framework applicable to IFIs and other Shari'a compliant entities and assess its applicability within Shari'a departments of two Islamic banks. This paper involves cross‐case analysis based on interviews with Shari'a department officials in two settings differentiated by their respective independence. The proposed framework consists of required, expected and desired SRI aspects as applicable to IFIs. The findings reveal that the required aspects are uniformly observed by the two cases. There are, however, variations when it comes to observing the expected and desired ethical SRI aspects that may be driven by the independence of the Shari'a boards. This inconsistency and non‐adherence of expected and desired aspects may lead to reputational risks in the long run.
Sri Lanka: NGOS and peace-building in complex political emergencies

This 'work in progress' gives an overview of the conceptual background and preliminary field work findings of a research programme investigating the consequences of violence and conflict in villages in the Trincomalee and Batticaloa Districts of eastern Sri Lanka.1 Initial and speculative conclusions from these community surveys indicate that NGOs have only a limited impact on the local dynamics of conflict, and point to a need for NGOs to understand in more depth the complex historical and social aspects of protracted and violent conflict. To have any limited peace-building role NGOs must also undertake a more fine grained analysis of community social fabric and processes together with the associated economic, political and military factors.
Determinants of user adoption of web ''Automatic Teller Machines': an integrated model of 'Transaction Cost Theory' and 'Innovation Diffusion Theory'

With the initial success of the traditional Internet banking, several banks in Taiwan have been transferring their attention to implementing Web automatic teller machines (Web ATMs). Due to the multi-channel nature of online banking services and the difference in equipment requirement between the traditional Internet banking and Web ATM, users' adoption of traditional Internet banking does not promise their adoption of Web ATM. Thus, this study explores the factors influencing the usage behaviour of Web ATM by integrating the innovation diffusion theory and transaction cost theory. Data collected from 285 respondents in Taiwan are tested against the research model using discriminant analysis. The results indicate that perceived relative advantage, perceived complexity, perceived compatibility, perceived uncertainty, and perceived transaction frequency are salient determinants of user adoption of Web ATM. The findings of this study provide several important implications for Web ATM adoption research and practice.
Modelling Macroeconomic Determinants Of Stock Market Prices: Evidence From Namibia

This paper investigates the macroeconomic determinants of stock market prices in Namibia. The investigation was conducted using a VECM econometric methodology and revealed that Namibian stock market prices are chiefly determined by economic activity, interest rates, inflation, money supply and exchange rates. An increase in economic activity and the money supply increases stock market prices, while increases in inflation and interest rates decrease stock prices. The results suggest that equities are not a hedge against inflation in Namibia, and contractionary monetary policy generally depresses stock prices. Increasing economic activity promotes stock market price development.
The Valuation Effects of Private Placements of Convertible Debt

Share price reactions to announcements of sixty-one private placements of convertible debt securities are investigated and a significant positive average abnormal return of 1.80 percent is documented. This unique result contrasts with the negative average abnormal return associated with public sales of convertible debt securities. The positive effect on common shareholders' wealth appears to be related to the relative size of the private issue and unrelated to the degree to which the convertible bond is "out-of-the-money" at issuance. Copyright 1991 by American Finance Association.
Perceptual Aspect of Risk: The Concept and Management- A Qualitative Study of a Non-Governmental Healthcare Organization

This research reports on the way that employees perceive risk in a non-governmental healthcare organization (NGO), that provides long-term healthcare and support services for people with mental, intellectual and physical disabilities. Thirty-four respondents from all levels within an NGO participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews to explore their own understanding of the meaning of the concept of risk; types and sources of risk in their work; and initiatives for controlling and dealing with such types and sources. Additional information was obtained from documentation and personal observation. The analysis identified an interrelated link between perception and risk. Accordingly, the study found that risk is culturally-constructed, individualistic and subjective. The culture of fear-from-risk and perceiving risk as something purely negative was dominant among the participants. Due to the central role of people in managing risk, the risk management process should consider all perspectives. This requires a participatory system of managing risk, improving the awareness of people about risk and modifying the culture of risk among them. Training has a significant role in achieving these fundamentals. هدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة أثر الإدراك على إدارة المخاطر في القطاع الصحي من خلال دراسة إحدى المنظمات غير الربحية ((NGOs التي تقدم خدمات صحية ورعاية طويلة الأمد للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقات النفسية والعقلية والحركية. شمل هذا البحث الوصفي استطلاع أراء 34 موظفا في هذه المنظمة من كافة المستويات الإدارية والمهنية: الإدارة العليا والإدارة الدنيا والعاملين الفنيين. أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن المخاطر بالدرجة الأولى أمر يتعلق بالإدراك البشري. حيث يتم تعريف المخاطر وحتى طرق إدارتها من خلال الخبرة الشخصية والعملية للفرد. ونظرا لهذه الخاصية، فان اعتبار كل الآراء ووجهات نظر العاملين في عملية إدارة المخاطر أمر ضروري. من أجل إدارة مخاطر أكثر فاعلية في القطاع الصحي يجب إشراك كل العاملين في المنظمة في تعريف المخاطر وطرق إدارتها والتحكم بها. كذلك أشارت النتائج الي ان معظم ردود المشاركين كانت تميل إلى اعتبار المخاطر أمرا سلبيا يجب تجنبه دون النظر إلى الفرص التي تحويها عملية اخذ المخاطرة .