Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is personality associated with health care use by older adults?

CONTEXT The patterns of health care utilization in the United States pose well-established challenges for public policy. Although economic and sociological research has resulted in considerable knowledge about what influences the use of health services, the psychological literature in this area is underdeveloped. Importantly, it is not known whether personality traits are associated with older adults' use of acute and long-term care services. METHODS Data were collected from 1,074 community-dwelling seniors participating in a Medicare demonstration. First they completed a self-report questionnaire measuring the "Big Five" personality traits: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. During the next two years, the participants maintained daily journals of their use of health care services. We used regression models based on the Andersen behavioral model of health care utilization to test for associations. FINDINGS Our hypothesis that higher Neuroticism would be associated with greater health care use was confirmed for three services-probability of any emergency department (ED) use, likelihood of any custodial nursing home use, and more skilled nursing facility (SNF) days for SNF users-but was disconfirmed for hospital days for those hospitalized. Higher Openness to Experience was associated with a greater likelihood of custodial home care use, and higher Agreeableness and lower Conscientiousness with a higher probability of custodial nursing home use. For users, lower Openness was associated with more ED visits and SNF days, and lower Conscientiousness with more ED visits. For many traits with significant associations, the predicted use was 16 to 30 percent greater for people high (low) versus low (high) in specific traits. CONCLUSIONS Personality traits are associated with Medicare beneficiaries' use of many expensive health care services, findings that have implications for health services research and policy. Accordingly, person-centered interventions, population-based translational effectiveness programs, and other personalized approaches that leverage the profound advances in personality psychology in recent decades should be considered.
Understanding TiO2 photocatalysis: mechanisms and materials.

Jenny Schneider,*,† Masaya Matsuoka,‡ Masato Takeuchi,‡ Jinlong Zhang, Yu Horiuchi,‡ Masakazu Anpo,‡ and Detlef W. Bahnemann*,† †Institut fur Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universitaẗ Hannover, Callinstrasse 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany ‡Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai Osaka 599-8531, Japan Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing

UNIT 1: PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING CARE . Roles and Functions of Psychiatric Nurses: Competent Caring . Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Relationship . Conceptual Models of Psychiatric Treatment . The Stuart Stress Adaptation Model of Psychiatric Nursing Care . NEW Evidence Based Psychiatric Nursing Practice . Biological Context of Psychiatric Nursing Care . Psychological Context of Psychiatric Nursing Care . Sociocultural Context of Psychiatric Nursing Care . Environmental Context of Psychiatric Nursing Care . Legal-Ethical Context of Psychiatric Nursing Care . Implementing the Nursing Process: Standards of Care . Actualizing the Psychiatric Nursing Role: Professional Performance Standards . UNIT 2: CONTINUUM OF CARE . Mental Health Promotion . Crisis Intervention . Psychiatric Rehabilitation . Involving Families in the Continuum of Care . UNIT 3: APPLYING PRINCIPLES IN NURSING PRACTICE . Anxiety Responses and Anxiety Disorders . Psychophysiological Responses and Somatoform and Sleep Disorders . Self-concept Responses and Dissociative Disorders . Emotional Responses and Mood Disorders . Self-protective Responses and Suicidal Behavior . Neurobiological Responses and Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders . Social Responses and Personality Disorders . Cognitive Responses and Organic Mental Disorders . Chemically Mediated Responses and Substance-Related Disorders . Eating Regulation Responses and Eating Disorders . Sexual Responses and Sexual Disorders . UNIT 4: TREATMENT MODALITIES . Psychopharmacology . Somatic Therapies . NEW Alternative and Complementary Therapies . Preventing and Managing Aggressive Behavior . Cognitive Behavioral Therapy . Therapeutic Groups . Family Interventions . UNIT 5: TREATMENT SETTINGS . Hospital-Based Psychiatric Nursing Care . Community Psychiatric Nursing Care . Home Psychiatri
A phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of rituximab with plasma exchange in acute acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

The safety and efficacy of weekly rituximab 375 mg/m(2) (×4), given within 3 days of acute TTP admission, with standard therapy (PEX and steroids) was evaluated. Clinical outcomes were compared to historical controls (n = 40) who had not received rituximab. Within the trial group, 15 of 40 required ICU admission and 15% of all cases with the highest troponin T levels on admission were ventilated. Before the second rituximab infusion, 68% of cases had a platelet count > 50 × 10(9)/L and 38% > 150 × 10(9)/L. Fewer PEX were required in whites compared to nonwhite in the rituximab group (mean 14 vs 21, P = .0095). Inpatient stay was reduced by 7 days in the non-ICU trial cases compared to historical controls (P = .04), especially in whites, with a mean reduction of 7 days (P = .05). Ten percent of trial cases relapsed, median, 27 months (17-31 months), compared to 57% in historical controls, median 18 months (3-60 months; P = .0011). There were no excess infections or serious adverse events with rituximab. In conclusion, rituximab appears a safe and effective therapy. Inpatient stay and relapse are significantly reduced in the rituximab cohort. Rituximab should be considered in conjunction with standard therapy on acute presentation of TTP. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as NCT009-3713.
PREGNANCY FOLLOWING PELVIC IRRADIATION

A SEARCH of the literature of this country reveals only one report (Mayeur, 1942) of pregnancy occurring subsequent to the use of intra-uterine radium but in America several cases have been reported (Kelly, 1931; Kane, 1935; Schmitz, 1936; Rosenberg, 1942). Pregnancy following pelvic irradiation by deep X-rays is more frequent. Most of these cases have been recorded in America where irradiation of the ovaries is a popular treatment of such conditions as amenorrhoea, sterility, dysmenorrhoea and functional uterine haemorrhage (Randall, 1947 ; Mazer and Spitz, 1935; Haman, 1947; Rock, et al., 1940). The low dosage of radiation employed produces a temporary amenorrhoea after which ovulation and menstruation are restored and conception may occur. In this country substerilizing doses are seldom prescribed and radiotherapy is generally used when the induction of an artificial menopause is indicated. In the following z cases, attempted sterilization by radium therapy was unsuccessful and subsequent pregnancy took place.
Reasons for homelessness: An empirical typology

We investigated patterns of situational characteristics and service use among youth residing at metropolitan area homeless shelters. One hundred and three youth provided ratings on a five-point scale comprised of 17 reasons for becoming homeless. Cluster analysis yielded five distinct reason typologies: destitute, threatened, pregnant, resistant, and partnered. Demographic, social, and treatment characteristics were analyzed across groups, and a concurrent measure related to the initial clustering variable, a qualitative assessment of reasons for seeking services, was used to validate typologies. Distributions of demographic, social, and service characteristics lend tentative support to the typologies and suggest areas of unmet need.
The International Classification of Sleep Disorders

The International Classification of Sleep Disorders is the product of 5 years' concerted effort on the part of the Diagnostic Classification Steering Committee of the American Sleep Disorders Association. This committee, chaired by Dr Michael Thorpy, worked in collaboration with sleep researchers, clinicians, and associations from all over the world to produce a definitive classification system of sleep disorders. The broad scope of this multispecialty and multinational project is readily apparent. The revision of the original Diagnostic Classification of Sleep and Arousal Disorders , published in 1979, involved surveying members of US and international professional sleep societies, and collating, evaluating, and responding to identified concerns. The result is a comprehensive and usable classification system. In contrast with the four clusters of disorders of the original nosology, primary sleep disorders are now organized into two major groups: dyssomnias and parasomnias. The dyssomnias include those disorders producing a complaint of insomnia or daytime
The JAK2 46/1 haplotype in splanchnic vein thrombosis.

To the editor: We read with interest the recently published report by Smalberg et al, which describes the frequency of the JAK2 46/1 haplotype among patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT). [1][1] Indeed, recent studies revealed that the 46/1 haplotype located in the JAK2 gene is strongly
Atmospheric processes and their controlling influence on cloud condensation nuclei activity.

Atmospheric Processes and their Controlling Influence on Cloud Condensation Nuclei Activity Delphine K. Farmer 1 , Christopher D. Cappa 2 , Sonia M. Kreidenweis 3 Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO Table of Contents Introduction 2 Fundamentals of Water Uptake by Particles 4 Particle Activation 5 Water Activity 10 Water absorption 10 Solubility Limitations 12 Water adsorption 13 Surface tension 15 Particle Size, Composition and CCN Activity 16 Influence of Atmospheric Processes on CCN Activity and Number Concentration . 17 Chemistry 17 Gas-particle phase partitioning 18 Heterogeneous chemistry 19 Multiphase chemistry 20 Condensational growth 23 Coagulation 24 Mixing state 26 Timescales 27 Summary 28 Suggested Future Research 29 Acknowledgements 29 References 29
Multi-temporal analysis of MODIS Land Products over the Amazon region

In a global warming scenario there is an increase interest in examining climate trends at specific biomes such as the tropical rainforest biome. The Amazonian region is the largest carbon sink, so changes in this area are expected to have a direct impact over the climate change. In this work we analyse the temporal evolution (trends and anomalies) of different land parameters from 2001 to 2010 over the Amazonian forest. For this purpose, we used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Products at 0.05° latitude/longitude Climate Modeling Grid (CMG), namely, combined Terra/Aqua 16-day Albedo (MCD43C3), Terra monthly Land Surface Temperature & Emissivity (MOD11C3), Terra monthly Vegetation Indices (MOD13C2), and combined Terra/Aqua yearly Land Cover product (MCD12C1. Results show an anomalous widespread warming over the study area, and also a decadal decrease in vegetation indices (EVI and NDVI). Mean value of surface albedo do not provide a significant trend, but some regions show an anomalous increase.
Sclerotic-type chronic GVHD of the skin: clinical risk factors, laboratory markers, and burden of disease.

Chronic GVHD is one of the most severe complications of allogeneic HSCT. The sclerotic skin manifestations of cGVHD (ScGVHD) result from inflammation and fibrosis of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, or fascia, leading to significant functional disability. Risk factors and clinical markers associated with ScGVHD remain largely unexamined. By using a single-visit, cross-sectional design, we evaluated 206 patients with cGVHD at the National Institutes of Health. Most patients manifested severe (ie, 63% National Institutes of Health score "severe"), refractory disease (median treatments = 4). ScGVHD was detected in 109 (52.9%) patients. ScGVHD was associated with greater platelet count (P < .001) and C3 (P < .001), and decreased forced vital capacity (P = .013). Total body irradiation (TBI) was associated with development of ScGVHD (P = .002). TBI administered in reduced-intensity conditioning was most strongly associated with ScGVHD (14/15 patients, P < .0001). Patients with ScGVHD had significant impairments of joint range of motion and grip strength (P < .001). Greater body surface area involvement was associated with poorer survival (P = .015). We conclude that TBI, particularly in reduced-intensity regimens, may be an important risk factor for ScGVHD. Widespread skin involvement is associated with significant functional impairment, distressing symptoms, and diminished survival. This trial is registered at http://www.clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00331968.
Risk factors for active trachoma among children aged 1-9 years in Maksegnit town, Gondar Zuria District, Northwest Ethiopia

Background: Trachoma is a leading preventable infectious eye disease caused by repeated infection with eye strains of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis . Developing countries that have poor environmental sanitation, inadequate water supply, and poor socioeconomic status are highly exposed with the disease. Aims of the study: The aim of the research was to assess the risk factors of active trachoma among children 1-9 years old in Maksegnit town. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional community based study was conducted in April 2012; in Maksegnit town located at Gondar Zuria District, North Gondar, northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A total of 420 children (age 1-9-years-old) from 420 households were included in the study. All children were examined for trachoma by optometrists and ophthalmic officers using the World Health Organization (WHO) simplified clinical grading system. Interviews and observations were used to assess risk factors. Descriptive statistics was carried out for variables in the study and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the association between the potential risk factors and active trachoma. Result: The prevalence of active trachoma was found to be 100 (23.8 %). Unclean face (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.12; 95% CI = 1.92-8.81), flies on face (AOR = 2.310; 95% CI = 1.32-4.05), and using wood and animal dung as a source of energy for cooking (AOR = 2.190; 95% CI = 1.152-4.163) were independent predictors of active trachoma. Conclusion: Trachoma is still a major public health problem in the study area. Trachoma prevention programs that include smoke-free household energy, fly control, sanitation, and hygiene are recommended to lower the burden of trachoma in Maksegnit town.
Recruitment and retention of youth for research using social media: Experiences from the Just/Us study

Youth, particularly youth of color, continue to face disparities with regard to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. Yet, comprehensive education about sex and sexual risk for STIs is not universal for youth in the United States. While Internet research on HIV prevention has demonstrated that the medium can be as effective as face-to-face education and prevention approaches, Internet-based research has faced challenges in recruitment of diverse samples, has not consistently been able to retain adequate samples, and do so for long-term follow-up. Additionally, we have few examples of research on social networking sites, which are particularly popular with youth and represent locations where they spend the majority of their time online. In this work, we describe efforts to recruit and retain youth on My Space and Facebook for a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of using social media for HIV prevention. Findings demonstrate no success in using My Space to recruit for our STI prevention intervention, but success in recruitment of a diverse sample and short-term retention of this sample using Facebook. We recruited 1578 diverse youth aged 16–24 years for the study and retained 69% of them for a two-month follow-up; follow-up dropped to 50% at six months, demonstrating challenges with longer-term retention. This work represents innovation in recruitment and retention of individuals and networks using social media.
Delivery Room Management of the Apparently Vigorous Meconium-stained Neonate: Results of the Multicenter, International Collaborative Trial

Objective. Disagreement exists concerning the appropriate delivery room management of the airway of vigorous meconium-stained infants. Some suggest a universal approach to intubation and suctioning of the airway in all such neonates, whereas others advocate a selective approach. We performed this investigation: 1) to assess whether intubation and suctioning of apparently vigorous, meconium-stained neonates would reduce the incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS); and 2) to determine the frequency of complications from delivery room intubation and suctioning of such infants. Methods. Inclusion criteria included: 1) gestational age ≥37 weeks; 2) birth through meconium-stained amniotic fluid of any consistency; and 3) apparent vigor immediately after birth. Subjects were randomized to be intubated and suctioned (INT) or to expectant management (EXP). Primary outcome measures included: 1) the incidence of respiratory distress, including MAS, and 2) the incidence of complications from intubation. Results. A total of 2094 neonates were enrolled from 12 participating centers (1051 INT and 1043 EXP). Meconium-stained amniotic fluid consistency was similar in both groups. Of the 149 (7.1%) infants that subsequently demonstrated respiratory distress, 62 (3.0%) had MAS and 87 (4.2%) had findings attributed to other disorders. There were no significant differences between groups in the occurrence of MAS (INT = 3.2%; EXP = 2.7%) or in the development of other respiratory disorders (INT = 3.8%; EXP = 4.5%). Of 1098 successfully intubated infants, 42 (3.8%) had a total of 51 complications of the procedure. In all cases, the complications were mild and transient in nature. Conclusions. Compared with expectant management, intubation and suctioning of the apparently vigorous meconium-stained infant does not result in a decreased incidence of MAS or other respiratory disorders. Complications of intubation are infrequent and short-lived.
Double-Outlet Right Ventricle and Overriding Tricuspid Valve Reflect Disturbances of Looping, Myocardialization, Endocardial Cushion Differentiation, and Apoptosis in TGF-β2–Knockout Mice

Background—Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) is a member of a family of growth factors with the potential to modify multiple processes. Mice deficient in the TGF-β2 gene die around birth and show a variety of defects of different organs, including the heart. Methods and Results—We studied the hearts of TGF-β2–null mouse embryos from 11.5 to 18.5 days of gestation to analyze the types of defects and determine which processes of cardiac morphogenesis are affected by the absence of TGF-β2. Analysis of serial sections revealed malformations of the outflow tract (typically a double-outlet right ventricle) in 87.5%. There was 1 case of common arterial trunk. Abnormal thickening of the semilunar valves was seen in 4.2%. Associated malformations of the atrioventricular (AV) canal were found in 62.5% and were composed of perimembranous inlet ventricular septal defects (37.5%), AV valve thickening (33.3%), overriding tricuspid valve (25.0%), and complete AV septal defects (4.2%). Anomalies of the aorta and its.
Phase 2 study of rituximab in newly diagnosed stage IA nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: a report from the German Hodgkin Study Group.

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) accounts for ∼ 5% of Hodgkin lymphoma cases. The disease is characterized by a strong CD20 expression on the malignant cells and a more indolent clinical course compared with classic HL. Anti-CD20 antibody treatment has shown clinical activity in relapsed NLPHL. In this phase 2 trial, we investigated rituximab in newly diagnosed stage IA NLPHL patients. Four weekly applications at 375 mg/m(2) were given. Among the 28 evaluable patients, overall response rate was 100%, 24 patients (85.7%) achieved complete remission, and 4 (14.3%) achieved partial remission. At a median follow-up of 43 months, overall survival was 100%; progression-free survival at 12, 24, and 36 months was 96.4%, 85.3%, and 81.4%, respectively. No grade 3 or 4 toxicity was observed. Although treatment results with rituximab appear inferior compared with radiotherapy and combined-modality approaches in early-stage patients, investigation of anti-CD20 antibody-based combinations in NLPHL is warranted. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT00346684.
Cell Transplantation and “Stem Cell Therapy” in the Treatment of Myopathies: Many Promises in Mice, Few Realities in Humans

Myopathies produce deficits in skeletal muscle function and, in some cases, progressive and irreversible loss of skeletal muscles. The transplantation of myogenic cells, that is, cells able to differentiate into myofibers, is an experimental strategy for the potential treatment of some of these diseases. The objectives pursued by the transplantation of these cells are essentially three: (a) the fusion with the patient’s myofibers to obtain the expression of therapeutic proteins into them, (b) the neoformation of new functional myofibers in skeletal muscles that were too degenerated by the progressive degeneration, and (c) the formation of a new pool of healthy donor-derived satellite cells. Although the repertoire of myogenic cells appears to have expanded in recent years, myoblasts are the only cells that have been demonstrated to engraft in humans. The present work aims to make a comprehensive review of the subject, from its beginnings to recent advances, including the preclinical experience in different animal models and recent clinical findings.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND EXPERIENCE OF MENOPAUSE - AN URBAN BASED STUDY IN BANGLADESH

A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to determine the knowledge and attitude of postmenopausal women towards menopause and symptoms experienced by them. A total of 1056 women of 40-87 years of age were interviewed on the basis of a semi-structured questionnaire. The study was conducted in different non-government primary health care service centres as well as out patient department of tertiary government hospitals and private hospitals in Dhaka city from February to August 2008. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS 11.0 version. 994 (94.13%) had natural menopause and surgical menopause was evident only in 62 (5.87%) cases. 33.52% women were quite illiterate and 44.70% were of poor socioeconomic condition. 45.27% knew about the age of menopause and 34.75% knew the possible health effects of menopause. 82.58% of women considered it as a natural process and 17.42% perceived it as a disease. 26.14% were happy having no menstruation but 54.92%, being unhappy, wanted to have menses again and 18.94% had no opinion. Most common physical symptoms reported were backache (82.77%), bodyache (65.25%), insomnia (45.27%), vasomotor symptoms like hot flushes (36.84%) and night sweats (32.39%) and frequent mental symptoms were mood changes (34.85%), loss of memory (19.70%) and depression (19.51%). 32.47% were bothered by those symptoms but only 18.23% consult the physician. Only 3.67% were taking HRT. The overall scenario is frustrating, though the people were from a more facilitated environment of a mega city like Dhaka, and that may be due to low literacy rate and poverty. Key words: menopause; awareness; menopausal symptoms; reproductive health. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v18i1. 6303 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009; 18(1) : 33- 36