Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A core analysis of the synchronous reluctance motor for automotive applications

Considering the major requirements for automotive applications i.e., high torque and power density, low torque ripple, wide speed range, and high speed operation capability, the synchronous reluctance machine is still under intensive investigation. As a traction motor, the proper operation of the SynRM at low and high speeds is desired, the magnetic and mechanical performance of the core structure are important challenges. Therefore, prior to the final design, these need to be analyzed with regards to the core magnetic behavior and mechanical robustness which cause degradation in torque quality and harmful deformation at critical points in the rotor structure. At low speed, the high current demand at maximum torque makes the core magnetic performance dominant, whereas at high speed the mechanical behavior of the rotor core structure limits the machine performance. This paper presents a comparative analysis of different core characteristics to improve the core magnetic and mechanical performance of the SynRM equipped with a transversal laminated anisotropic rotor type for automotive applications.
Threshold reliability of networks with small failure sets

This paper addresses two classes of reliability analysis models: a network flow model and a project scheduling model. In each model, the arcs randomly and independently take on two possible states ― an «operating» state and a «failed» state ― corresponding to two different capacity/task-time values, and the network is required to maintain a specified «threshold» max-flow/project-completion-time value. In general, this problem is NP-hard. We address the special case in which the difference between the lower and higher arc lengths is constant for every arc in the network. For these special cases, we show that if the underlying system is 1 -critical, i.e., minimally able to withstand a single component failure, then the probability that the system can maintain the required threshold for the flow and planar project scheduling model is computable in polynomial time. Both solutions are obtained by reducing the problems to the problem of determining the probability that the failed arcs in a directed acyclic graph lie on a single path or, equivalently, that the set of failed elements in a given partial order comprises a chain in that order. We also show how the basic approach can be used to generate bounds for systems that are «almost critical»
Gene therapy for lysosomal storage disorders with neuropathology.

Lysosomes are acidic cellular organelles that function as terminal degradative compartments ([1][1]). Biochemically, these organelles are rich in lysosomal glycoproteins, negative for mannose-6-phosphate receptors ([1][1]), and acidified through the actions of a v-type proton ATPase ([2][2]). More
The EMOD-HIV v 0 . 7 Model in Detail Electronic Supplementary Material 1

It is part of a suite of agent-based microsimulations developed at Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, which also includes malaria [1], polio, and tuberculosis. The models and their accompanying software infrastructure are designed for disease modelers, researchers, epidemiologists, and public health professionals seeking to simulate infectious disease conditions and evaluate the effectiveness of different eradication or mitigation approaches.
A single-blinded randomized controlled study to assess the efficacy of twice daily application of sinecatechins 15% ointment when used sequentially with cryotherapy in the treatment of external genital warts.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of sequential therapy of cryotherapy and sinecatechins 15% ointment BID versus cryotherapy alone in treatment of external genital warts (EGW). METHODS Forty-two subjects with at least two EGW lesions underwent cryotherapy to all lesions. One week following cryotherapy, subjects were randomized 1:1 to receive either no additional treatment or treatment with sinecatechins 15% ointment BID up to 16 weeks or until complete clearance. The total number of visible baseline and new EGW were recorded at each visit. Subjects were followed for a total of 65 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in mean number of lesions from baseline after 16 weeks of treatment in the cryotherapy-sinecatechins ointment group compared to cryotherapy alone (-5.0 lesions vs -2.1 lesions respectively, P=0.07). CONCLUSION Cryotherapy plus sinecatechins 15% ointment BID resulted in a significant improvement in the reduction of EGW compared to cryotherapy alone. Clinicaltrials.gov registration identifier: NCT02147353.
Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering OPTIMIZATION OF DEMULSIFIER FORMULATION FOR SEPARATION OF WATER FROM CRUDE OIL EMULSIONS

In this study, various water-soluble and oil-soluble demulsifiers were selected for separation of water from crude oil emulsions and their productivity measured using the Bottle-test method at 70 °C and 10 ppm concentration. The best ones among 23 demulsifiers examined through the screening process were fatty alcohol ethoxylate, triethanol amine and urea from the water-soluble group and Basororol E2032, Basorol PDB 9935 and TOMAC from the oil-soluble category. Furthermore, the present study investigated the factors effective for demulsification such as temperature, concentration, pH, salinity and modifiers. It was found that the separation improves with increasing demulsifier concentration, increasing salt content, increasing temperature up to 80 °C, keeping the pH values between 5-9. Adding solvent modifiers proved unnecessary. Two formulations were prepared based on suggested optimal concentrations of demulsifier content by experimental design using Qualitec 4 and these proved to be highly effective in treating real and synthetic emulsions.
Preoperative Oral Morphine and Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Co-AdministrationReduce Acute Post-Mastectomy Pain

Objectives: To assess the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of co-administration of pre-emptive single oral dose of sustained release morphine and sub- anesthetic ketamine infusion for modified radical mastectomy (MRM) with axillary evacuation. Methods: Sixty four adult female patients scheduled for MRM were divided to two groups, morphine group (n=32) received preoperative oral sustained release morphine tablet, 30 mg and placebo group (n=32) received placebo tablet. Both groups received preoperative ketamine bolus, 0.5 mg/kg followed by continuous infusion 0.1 mg/kg/h for 24 h postoperatively. VAS pain score, time to first analgesic request, 24 h analgesic consumption were reported. Results: The mean VAS pain score during movement was significantly decreased in morphine group in comparison to placebo group from 2 h till 72 h postoperatively, 2 h (2.87 ± 1.0 vs. 4.53 ± 1.67) mean difference (-1.67) (95% CI)-(2.38-0.95), 72 h (1.20 ± 0.76 vs. 1.83 ± 0.91) mean difference (-0.63) (95% CI)-(1.07-0.20) while the mean VAS pain score during rest was significantly decreased in morphine group in comparison to placebo group from 2 h till 24 h postoperatively, 2 h (2.03 ± 0.85 vs. 3.47 ± 0.93) mean difference (-1.33) (95% CI)-(1.78-0.90), 24 h (1.40 ± 0.72 vs. 1.77 ± 0.68) mean difference (-0.37) (95% CI)-(0.73-0.01). The median (IQ) time to first analgesic request was significantly delayed in morphine group in comparison to placebo group, 11.8 (9.7:14.2) h vs. 2.3 (2.1:2.5) h, (P<0.001). The number (percentage) of patients required paracetamol in the first postoperative 24 h was significantly lower in morphine group in comparison to placebo group, 10 (33%) vs. 30 (100 %) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Analgesic technique based on pre-emptive sustained release oral morphine and perioperative infusion of sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine provides satisfactory analgesia for patients undergoing MRM.
Adult‐born hippocampal neurons promote cognitive flexibility in mice

The hippocampus is involved in segregating memories, an ability that utilizes the neural process of pattern separation and allows for cognitive flexibility. We evaluated a proposed role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in cognitive flexibility using variants of the active place avoidance task and two independent methods of ablating adult‐born neurons, focal X‐irradiation of the hippocampus, and genetic ablation of glial fibrillary acidic protein positive neural progenitor cells, in mice. We found that ablation of adult neurogenesis did not impair the ability to learn the initial location of a shock zone. However, when conflict was introduced by switching the location of the shock zone to the opposite side of the room, irradiated and transgenic mice entered the new shock zone location significantly more than their respective controls. This impairment was associated with increased upregulation of the immediate early gene Arc in the dorsal dentate gyrus, suggesting a role for adult neurogenesis in modulating network excitability and/or synaptic plasticity. Additional experiments revealed that irradiated mice were also impaired in learning to avoid a rotating shock zone when it was added to an initially learned stationary shock zone, but were unimpaired in learning the identical simultaneous task variant if it was their initial experience with place avoidance. Impaired avoidance could not be attributed to a deficit in extinction or an inability to learn a new shock zone location in a different environment. Together these results demonstrate that adult neurogenesis contributes to cognitive flexibility when it requires changing a learned response to a stimulus‐evoked memory. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
[Chemical constituents of n-BuOH extract from Phyllanthus matsumurae].

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of n-BuOH extract from Phyllanthus matsumurae. METHODS Column chromatography was used for the isolation and purification. Spectroscopic methods including H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS were used for the identification of structures. RESULTS Six compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH extract of 75% alcohol extract of the whole plant and identified as ellagic acid (1), phyllanthuspermin B (2), phyllanthuspermin C (3), xanthoxylin (4), hesperetin-7-O-[6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopy ranosyl)] -beta-D-glucopyranoside (5) and 4-O-methylgallic acid (6). CONCLUSION Compounds 2 - 6 are obtained from this plant for the first time.
Effects of different dietary fat sources on growth performances and carcass fatty acid composition of broiler chickens

Cette etude vise a evaluer les effets de 4 differentes sources de matieres grasses incluses dans le regime alimentaire sur la croissance des poulets de chair et sur la composition lipidique de la graisse abdominale, de la peau et des muscles des cuisses ainsi que des muscles pectoraux. L'huile de soja (SO), la graisse de volaille (PG), le suif de boeuf (BT) et un melange a part egale (1 : 1) de graisse de volaille et d'huile de soja (SPG) ont ete utilises comme sources de matieres grasses. Au total, 395 poulets âges initialement de 4 jours ont ete repartis aleatoirement en 4 groupes alimentes pendant les 21 premiers jours par un aliment de demarrage contenant a la base de l'huile de mais plus 4 % de matieres grasses differentes, puis pendant 20 jours par un aliment de croissance contenant 6 % des matieres grasses etudiees. Le poids total et le gain moyen quotidien de poids ont ete les plus eleves chez les poulets supplementes en SO et au contraire les plus faibles chez les poulets supplementes en SPG. La consommation alimentaire journaliere a ete significativement augmentee dans les groupes supplementes en SO et en BT (p < 0.05). Le regime riche en SO a induit des modifications importantes dans la composition tissulaire en acides gras en diminuant significativement la teneur en SFA dans la peau et la graisse abdominale et en augmentant significativement la teneur en PUFA (principalement en acide linoleique) dans la peau, la graisse abdominale et les pectoraux. En revanche, le regime riche en BT a conduit a une accumulation des acides gras satures dans la peau et la graisse abdominale et une diminution de la teneur en acides gras poly-insatures dans la peau, la graisse et les muscles. Dans les muscles des animaux supplementes en PG, les teneurs en acide oleique ont ete significativement augmentees. En conclusion, supplementer des poulets avec des melanges specifiques en acides gras altere profondement la composition lipidique des carcasses.
Optimal visual stimuli on LCD screens for SSVEP based brain-computer interfaces

In this work, different stimulation frequencies for Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP) based brain-computer interface (BCI) were evaluated in a spelling task with the Bremen-BCI system. The classical two dimensional BCI control requires five classes: four classes are dedicated to the directions (up, down, left and right) and one class for action (select). The number of producible frequencies on the standard liquid crystal display (LCD) is limited due to the vertical refresh rate of 60Hz and the number of simultaneously used stimuli. In order to find optimal stimulation frequencies, the Bremen-BCI was evaluated in the case study with 37 naive subjects (without any SSVEP-BCI experience), including eight handicapped users, at the international rehabilitation fair RehaCare2008. During online spelling task, subjects spelled few words with the Bremen-BCI system and the timings for classifying different flickering frequencies have been investigated. The fastest SSVEP response was achieved for the stimulus frequency of 6.67Hz.
Smaller right ear (left hemisphere) advantage for dichotic fused words in patients with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to compare right ear (left hemisphere) advantage for dichotic words in schizophrenia and depression and to assess its association with antipsychotic medication, symptom ratings, and gender. METHOD Thirty-two schizophrenic patients and 65 patients with major depression were given the Fused Rhymed Words Test, a dichotic listening measure of hemispheric dominance for language. RESULTS An earlier finding of smaller left hemisphere advantage in schizophrenic patients was replicated. There was no significant change in ear advantage in a subgroup of the schizophrenic patients tested when they were taking neuroleptics and when they were not. The smaller left hemisphere advantage in the schizophrenic patients was not dependent on gender but was related to symptom ratings on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. CONCLUSIONS The findings are consistent with a left hemisphere dysfunction in schizophrenia, which is associated with positive symptoms.
Mucin degradation in the human colon: production of sialidase, sialate O-acetylesterase, N-acetylneuraminate lyase, arylesterase, and glycosulfatase activities by strains of fecal bacteria

Oligosaccharide side chains of human colonic mucins contain O-acetylated sialic acids and glycosulfate esters. Although these substituents are considered to protect the chains against degradation by bacterial glycosidases, sialate O-acetylesterase, N-acetylneuraminate lyase, and glycosulfatase activities have been found in fecal extracts. To better define the source of these activities, we measured extracellular and cell-bound sialidase, sialate O-acetylesterase, N-acetylneuraminate lyase, arylesterase, and glycosulfatase activities produced by 23 isolates of human fecal bacteria grown anaerobically in a hog gastric mucin culture medium; these represented dominant populations of fecal anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, and the subset of mucin oligosaccharide-degrading bacteria. Every strain produced sialidase and high levels of arylesterase, and all but five facultative anaerobes produced sialate O-acetylesterase. Sialic acids containing 2 mol or more of O-acetyl ester per mol of sialic acid were cleaved from mucin glycoproteins more slowly by sialidases of mucin oligosaccharide-degrading stains than were sialic acids containing 1 or 0 mol, and only N-acetyl- and mono-O-acetylated sialic acids were recovered from enzyme digests of a mucin containing di-O-acetylated sialic acids. No detectable N-acetylneuraminate lyase activity was produced by any strain, but low activity was induced by increasing the glycoprotein-bound sialic acid concentration in the culture medium of six Escherichia coli strains. Using lactitol-6-sulfate as a substrate, we found weak glycosulfatase activity in the partially purified, concentrated enzyme mixture in the culture supernatants of four mucin oligosaccharide-degrading strains but in none of the unconcentrated culture fractions. We conclude that the presence of two or more O-acetyl groups on sialic acids inhibits enteric bacterial sialidases but that production of sialate O-acetylesterases by several populations of enteric bacteria lessens the likelihood that mucin oligosaccharide chains terminating in O-acetylated sialic acids are protected from degradation. Sialate O-acetylesterases have a role in bacterial degradation of mucin glycoproteins in the human colon.
Different Effects of Right and Left Stellate Ganglion Block on Systolic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

Purpose: Whether or not right and left stellate ganglion blocks (SGB) affect blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) differently has been controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze BP and HR changes after large numbers of right or left SGBs. Methods: A total of 16,404 right SGBs and 13,766 left SGBs were performed with 6 ml of 1% mepivacaine using the anterior paratracheal approach at C6. Changes in systolic BP and HR 30 min after SGBs were compared to the baseline values. Results: Systolic BP decreased by 25 to 49 mmHg in 10.93% and more than 50 mmHg in 0.67% of 16,404 right SGBs. Those percentages were significantly higher than corresponding percentages; 8.43% and 0.49% of 13,766 left SGBs (P -49 mmHg in 5.74% and more than 50 mmHg in 0.52% of left SGBs, and in 4.15% and 0.18% of right SGBs (P Right SGB caused marked reduction in HR (greater than 30 beats/min), more than left SGB (4.22% versus 2.70%, P Conclusions: Both right and left SGBs could produce clinically significant hypertension and hypotension, and also severe bradycardia. However, right SGB produces a higher incidence of significant reductions in systolic BP and HR, compared to left SGB. On the other hand, left SGB produces a significant increase in systolic BP compared to right SGB. Those differences likely stem from the hemispheric asymmetry in autonomic cardiovascular control.
Silver stained Nucleolar organizer regions in nonneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of endometrium

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are loops of DNA that transcribe to ribosomal RNA. They are associated with nonhistone nucleoproteins which can be stained with silver (AgNORs). The present retrospective study was done to study the efficacy of AgNOR technique in differentiating between non neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of endometrium and to assess the relationship between AgNOR counts and severity of hyperplasia and carcinoma. This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, in a tertiary care teaching hospital from July 2009 to August 2011. Endometrial specimens received were processed and stained with H & E and AgNOR. Mean AgNOR counts were correlated with histopathological diagnosis. In results out of 100 cases of endometrial specimens studied, 40 were normal endometria (proliferative and secretory phase), 41 were nonneoplastic lesions (simple hyperplasia without atypia, complex hyperplasia without atypia, complex hyperplasia with atypia) and rest 19 were neoplastic lesions (Grade 1 and Grade 2 endometrioid adenocarcinomas). Significantly higher mean AgNOR counts were found in endometrial adenocarcinomas as compared to all hyperplasias and higher in hyperplasias as compared to normal proliferative phase and least in normal secretory phase. In conclusion AgNOR counts are reliable markers of endometrial proliferation and allow a clear distinction between normal, non neoplastic and neoplastic endometrial changes. Thus, AgNOR technique proves to be a useful adjunct to routine histopathology to evaluate endometrial lesions.
Gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori.

Within the gastroduodenal mucosa Helicobacter pylori infection stimulates local production of a range of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines, neutrophil infiltration, specific T‐ and B‐ cell responses and the development of gastric lymphoid follicles. Following bacterial eradication this mucosal inflammatory response resolves. Infiltrating neutrophils are likely to be one of the major mediators of mucosal damage. Neutrophil activation, including reactive oxygen metabolite production and the release of myeloperoxidase, will be induced directly by bacterial factors and indirectly through products of complement activation, bioactive lipids and host‐derived cytokines. Interleukin‐8, and related peptides of the chemokine family secreted by gastric epithelial cells, are likely to be important host mediators inducing neutrophil migration to sites of infection. Epithelial IL‐8 is upregulated by TNF‐alpha and IL‐1 and directly by H. pylori strains expressing the CagA phenotype. The extent of mucosal injury may reflect bacterial density, the variability of different strains of H. pylori to induce chemokine expression in epithelial cells and the oxidative burst in neutrophils. Recent evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies shows that CagA+ VacA+ strains of H. pylori are associated with enhanced inflammatory responses and mucosal damage. Defining the specific bacterial mediators of mucosal inflammation will be important in elucidating the role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal disease.
PREVENTION OF KERNICTERUS, BASED ON RECENT PROGRESS IN BILIRUBIN CHEMISTRY

Abstract. A review is presented of recent progress in bilirubin chemistry, its binding to albumin, displacement by drugs, and the mechanism of phototherapy. Quantitative formulations of the effect of albumin dosage, of varying pH, and of fatty acids result in a diagram which may be tried as an aid to indications for therapy.
Properties Influencing Fat, Oil, and Grease Deposit Formation

Fat, oil, and grease (FOG) deposits are the reported cause of 50 to 75% of sanitary sewer overflows in the United States, resulting in 1.8 × 10 6 m 3 (500 mil. gal) of raw wastewater released into the environment annually. The objective of this research was to characterize the chemical and physical properties of FOG deposits. Twenty‐three cities from around the United States contributed FOG samples for the study. The FOG deposits showed a wide range in yield strength (4 to 34 kPa), porosity (10 to 24%), and moisture content (10 to 60%), suggesting uncontrolled formation processes. A majority of these deposits display hard, sandstonelike texture, with distinct layering effects, suggesting a discontinuous formation process. The results found that 84% of FOG deposits contained high concentrations of saturated fatty acids and calcium, suggesting preferential accumulation.