Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A community-based study of childhood morbidity in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Background : The study was conducted in preparation for the early implementation of the integrated management of childhood illnesses. Methods : Caretakers of a cohort of 1034 under-five children in two districts of Eastern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, were interviewed weekly in their homes for a one-year period for symptoms of disease. Possible risk factors for disease in the home were identified during a preceding base-line survey. Results : The overall incidence of perceived illness was found to be 5.26 per child-year, that of ARI 5.53 per child-year and of diarrhea 3.05 per child-year. Recall appears to be influenced by asking caretakers for illness in general as compared to asking for specific symptoms. A lower incidence of overall illness was found in children above 2 years of age, and in those from Christian families, those living in houses with corrugated iron roofs and those from households with 2 or more children under-five. Increased incidence was associated with the use of open pit latrines compared to open air excreta disposal as there were no properly covered latrines. Conclusions : Age, housing factors and water supply and sanitation are important determinants for disease. (Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 2001, 15(3): 165-172)
An idiographic lens model analysis of student judgements of educational interest

The purpose of this study was to investigate a variety of factors that act as antecedents and concomitants of interest in technical and further education subjects. These included factors relating to the course, ability, difficulty, relevance or importance of a subject, the quality of teaching, student effort, career and vocational interests, as well as demographic factors. Participants (18 students) from technical and further education were presented with 120 student profiles containing 20 cues. The study employed an idiographic design using a lens model analysis of each person’s judgements. This analysed the individual policy that a person used to decide how interested he/she was in a subject. The source data used in the study comprised 120 profiles of information obtained from another cohort of students. The multiple correlation of the 20 cues with actual interest was 0.84 yet the median correlation of judgements with actual interest was only 0.305. The median value for cognitive control over judgements was 0.798 while the median value for knowledge of the environment was 0.464. The relative beta weights for students showed that they differed in the extent to which they placed their emphasis on specific cues, however cluster analysis revealed that subgroups of students tended to share similar judgement policies. Overall, career interests were rated more importantly than other factors. Although results of this study confirmed the idiosyncrasy of perceptions, there were subsets of cues that operated to influence subject interest. These individual differences in judgement ability have an impact on the ways in which students determine their interest for learning.
Consumer Behavior in Bidding Markets with Participation Costs

Consumer bidding is common in a wide variety of markets. An important source of friction in many markets with bidding is the cost of participation. We investigate the impact of participation costs on bidder entry and bidding behavior using incentive-compatible laboratory experiments with participation costs in the form of “bidding fees. ” Instead of a standard auction, our experiments utilize the more tractable name-your-own-price (NYOP) setting. We find that both entry frequencies and bid magnitudes exceed the predictions of a risk-neutral benchmark model. Although the bids we observe can be rationalized with a standard risk-averse expected utility model, the entry decisions cannot, because more than half of our subjects enter when a risk-neutral bidder would not. We identify two important moderators of such “excess entry” — experience with the task and reduced task difficulty due to a decision aid. In contrast to their effect on entry decisions, experience and difficulty have no effect on bid magnitude, which suggests figuring out the bid amount is easier than deciding whether to enter. We also apply our data to examine the profitability of two-part tariffs in NYOP settings, and we find such a pricing strategy can only be profitable when consumers are relatively inexperienced and when they do not have access to an effective decision support tool.
A Unified MRC Framework for Named Entity Recognition

The task of named entity recognition (NER) is normally divided into nested NER and flat NER depending on whether named entities are nested or not.Models are usually separately developed for the two tasks, since sequence labeling models, the most widely used backbone for flat NER, are only able to assign a single label to a particular token, which is unsuitable for nested NER where a token may be assigned several labels. In this paper, we propose a unified framework that is capable of handling both flat and nested NER tasks. Instead of treating the task of NER as a sequence labeling problem, we propose to formulate it as a machine reading comprehension (MRC) task. For example, extracting entities with the per label is formalized as extracting answer spans to the question “which person is mentioned in the text". This formulation naturally tackles the entity overlapping issue in nested NER: the extraction of two overlapping entities with different categories requires answering two independent questions. Additionally, since the query encodes informative prior knowledge, this strategy facilitates the process of entity extraction, leading to better performances for not only nested NER, but flat NER. We conduct experiments on both nested and flat NER datasets.Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed formulation. We are able to achieve a vast amount of performance boost over current SOTA models on nested NER datasets, i.e., +1.28, +2.55, +5.44, +6.37,respectively on ACE04, ACE05, GENIA and KBP17, along with SOTA results on flat NER datasets, i.e., +0.24, +1.95, +0.21, +1.49 respectively on English CoNLL 2003, English OntoNotes 5.0, Chinese MSRA and Chinese OntoNotes 4.0.
Adhesive systems effect over bond strength of resin-infiltrated and de/remineralized enamel

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different bonding agents on bond-strength to demineralized enamel after remineralizing treatments and resin infiltration. Methods: Buccal enamel of 120 bovine incisors was polished and then were divided into five experimental groups: SE (sound enamel); DE (demineralized enamel); AS (demineralized enamel immersed in artificial saliva for eight weeks); NaF (demineralized enamel treated with 0.05% sodium fluoride solution (one minute) for eight weeks); Ic (demineralized enamel infiltrated with a low-viscosity resin (Icon-DGM). These groups were subdivided according to adhesive system used: self-etching adhesive Adper Easy One (3M/ESPE) and etch-and-rinse adhesive Single Bond (3M/ESPE). The composite resin blocks were fabricated using a Teflon matrix. A thermomechanical cycling machine was used to carry out the artificial aging of the specimens and thus were sectioned into sticks. The microtensile tests were performed using a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. Data (in MPa) were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (5%). Results: Significant differences were found for both factors tested and interactions (p<0.05). Tukey’s test results of µTBS (mean ± SD) were: etch-and-rinse SE (28.79±3.93); DE (30.41±7.22); AS (29.03±3.33); NaF (29.81±4.06)a; Ic (29.47±5.5); and self-etching SE (30.37±6.96); DE (14.62±4.47); AS (9.79±2.32); NaF (9.36±2.31); Ic (30.78±8.68). Conclusions: Resin infiltration did not affect the bond strength of demineralized enamel for both adhesive systems tested. For etch-and-rinse adhesive, no differences were observed for the tested groups. For self-etching adhesive, only the resin-infiltrated group showed similar bond strength to sound enamel. Both etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive systems can be used in resin-infiltrated enamel, if a composite restoration needs to be further performed. In enamel that has undergone the de/remineralization process, the use of a total-etch adhesive might be preferable for the restorative procedure.
Pluronic P123/TPGS and Pluronic F127/TPGS Mixed Micelles for the Entrapment of Itraconazole

Mixed micelles of Pluronic P123 (P123) or Pluronic F127 (F127) and d-ɑ -tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) at different mass ratios (4:0, 3:1, 2:2, and 1:3) and various total polymer concentrations (5, 10, and 20 %w/v) were prepared to incorporate itraconazole (ITZ), an aqueous solubility problematic antifungal drug. The results revealed that the critical micelle concentrations of all mixed micelles were lower than that of the singlecomponent (P123 or F127) polymeric micelles. The particle size of P123/TPGS and F127/ TPGS mixed micelles ranged from 8-17 nm and 9-28 nm, respectively, depending on polymer concentration and mass ratio. The increasing polymer concentration and TPGS mass ratio declined the particle size of mixed micelles. After drug loading, the polymeric mixed micelles became slightly larger. The surface charge of all polymeric mixed micelles was negative and closed to zero when increasing polymer concentration. The loading efficiency of polymeric mixed micelles for ITZ could be enhanced by increasing polymer concentration and TPGS mass ratio in the mixed micelles.
Drug: Facts and Comparisons

Drug Facts and Comparisons provides up-to-date, comprehensive information on over 22,000 Rx and 6,000 OTC products grouped by therapeutic category for ease of comparison. Drug Facts and Comparisons answers questions about actions, indications and contraindications; warnings and precautions; drug interactions; adverse reactions; administration, dosage, and overdosage; pregnancy and lactation; and patient information. Comparisons include drug to drug; dosage forms; name brands to name brands and generics. Facts and comparisons are also provided for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention biologicals and antiparasitic drugs; IV solutions; therapeutic and diagnostic ophthalmic preparations; diagnostic aids; and combination cancer chemotherapy regimens. This hardbound edition includes the Drug Identifier 2013 CD-ROM, the premier tool for drug identification. Ensure accuracy by searching more than 10,000 color images in seconds. Search by drug name, imprint, NDC code, color, shape, manufacturer, coating, scoring, clarity, and flavor.
Lappeenranta University of Technology School of Business Master’s programme in Strategic Finance

Author: Mohammad Rahmaninasrabadi Title: Idiosyncratic volatility around information release date, Exchange Evidence from the Helsinki Stock Exchange Faculty: School of Business Major: Finance Year: 2013 Examiners: Dr. Kashif Saleem and Professor Eero Pätäri Master’s Thesis: Lappeenranta University of Technology, School of Business 57 pages, 12 tables, 3 figures and 8 appendixes
A Mathematical Analysis and Modelling of Hepatitis B Model with Non-Integer Time Fractional Derivative

In this paper, we develop time fractional Hepatitis B model and analyze qualitatively. The Caputo fractional derivative operator of order \(\alpha\in (0,1]\) is employed to obtain the system of fractional differential equations. The stability and sensitivity analysis of fractional order model has been made and verify the non-negative unique solution. LADM was successfully used for solving different problems. Laplace transform method is a useful technique in different field of biological science, engineering and applied mathematics. The latest technique (LADM) is employed on the developed fractional order model for numerical solutions. Finally, numerical simulations are also established to investigate the influence of the system parameter on the spread of the disease and which show the effect of fractional parameter \(\alpha\) on our obtained solutions.
Ownership structures and corporate performance: A literature review

In the last decades, the phenomenon of separation between ownership and control has attracted the most attention from researchers and professionals. Indeed, proprietary concentration can play an asymmetrical role in helping to influence corporate performance, whereby large shareholders can use their power both to expropriate wealth due to minority shareholders and to benefit minority shareholders, controlling the discretion of the management. However, there is still a lack of research that has integrated and systematized the empirical research carried out on the relationship between proprietary concentration and company performance given that there is still no convergence of results regarding the sign and the form of this relationship. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to present the results of a systematic review of the literature on the subject, proposing a possible innovative interpretation of the relationship mentioned above that takes into account additional interaction variables linked to the institutional structures of the countries in which the investigated companies operate
Green Supply Chain Practices as Determinants of Achieving Green Performance of Extractive Industries in Jordan

This study examined the effect of green supply chain practices (GSCP) on green performance (GP) of Extractive Industries in Jordan. The independent variable (GSCP) was grouped into six practices: green supplier selection, green purchasing, green production, green design, green distribution, and reverse logistics. The sample of the study consisted of 74 of top and middle level managers. Based on a questionnaire-based survey, responses of managers across management levels were investigated on both GSCP and green performance (GP) using SPSS. Results suggest that GSCP significantly and positively related to GP. The study recommends that more focus needs to be placed on implementing environmental standards when selecting suppliers, purchasing, manufacturing, distributing, and developing internal eco designs
Repair of large hernia by polymer graft in goats.

Sixth bucks of local breed were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized with mixture of ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride. Ventral abdominal hernias were induced on the lateral ventral abdomen. One month post operation, the induced hernia was repaired with polymer grafts, which fixed by simple interrupted suture, using No. 1 silk suture material. After implantation, there was focal abscess at the operative site in two cases which resolved after evacuation and irrigation with antiseptic. The findings of the microscopic result at 30, 60 and 90 days of grafts implantation exhibited inflammatory reaction around the grafts and later at the 60 and 90 days of implantation there was fibrous tissue formation around implant graft, inflammatory reaction and fibroblast infiltration in the graft. The results indicated that biocompatibility of polymer graft with the host tissue was good with complete healing of the operative site.
Prediction of Coffee Effects in Rats with Healthy and NAFLD Conditions Based on Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis

Background and objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver condition. On the other hand, coffee consumption has shown promising for gastrointestinal diseases. Detection of the most valuable biomarkers of decaffeinated coffee treatment in healthy and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease conditions was the aim of the present study. Methods: A previous proteomics study about effect of decaffeinated coffee (1.5 mL daily drinking coffee for two months) on protein expression change of rat liver was selected for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis via Cytoscape v.3. 7.1 and the related applications. The most central proteins with regards to a high degree and betweenness centralities in the coffee treatment condition of healthy and NAFLD were then analyzed by ClueGO for biological process (BP) derivation. Results: HSPA5, HSPA4, HSPA9, HSPA7, PARK7, HSP90AA1, P4HB, PRDX1, and PDIA3 were introduced as central proteins, which are involved in folding and antioxidant activities. Conclusion: There is a complicated combination of the components in coffee; some elements are involved in liver protection against NAFLD and the others are in contrast.
Childhood abuse and neglect in relation to the presence and persistence of psychotic and depressive symptomatology

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Optimizing recruitment from primary care: methods of recruiting older people with depression

Participant recruitment is often the rate-limiting step in clinical trials, but the methods used and the processes involved in recruitment are rarely reported. Although various methods will often be adopted, there is a dearth of information about the factors which facilitate or impede recruitment to trials. Such information is potentially very valuable to researchers. The present pilot study aimed to recruit a minimum of 30 participants through primary care to a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of three interventions for older adults with depression. The aim was to determine how recruitment to RCTs in primary care may be optimized. A wide range of recruitment methods was used, including both direct general practitioner (GP) referrals and self-referrals. Potential participants were informed about the study in a variety of ways, including GP recruitment when attending surgeries, contacting suitable patients identified from the GP database, posters and leaflets in the GP surgery, and the specific targeting of older people by the distribution of leaflets at 'flu clinics. Both GP referrals and direct referrals were successful. Interestingly and rather unexpectedly, the greatest numbers of individuals were recruited by self-referral. No differences were found between these two groups as to the severity of their depression. Recruiting from primary care can be successful, if primary health care teams are willing to work in partnership with researchers, and if researchers are willing to be flexible and try many approaches. In particular, the study found that cultivating self-referrals was a profitable strategy, which was not what had been initially expected with this particular target group of older people with depression. These self-referrals were a cost-effective method of recruitment, each costing around one-third less than those recruited by other methods, and without them the recruitment targets would not have been met.
Homotopy Analysis Investigation of Heat and Mass Transfer Flow Past a Vertical Porous Medium in the Presence of Heat Source

Received: 12 June 2019 Accepted: 3 September 2019 In this paper, homotopy analysis method with two auxiliary parameters is used to investigate heat and mass transfer flow past a vertical porous medium in the presence of heat source. Similarity transformation is adopted to transform the boundary-layer coupled non-linear partial differential equation to a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equation. The resulting equations are then solved analytically. The effect of various flow parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are presented graphically and discussed while the local skin-friction, Nusselt number, plate surface temperature and Sherwood number are illustrated numerically in tabular form. The results show among all other obtained that the cooling problem is guaranteed with the positive values of Grashof number while the higher values of heat source energies the random movement of the fluid molecules and pave way for the penetration of the thermal effect to the quiescent fluid.
The Ingestion of Garlic and its Effect on Cardiovascular Endurance

THE INGESTION OF GARLIC AND ITS EFFECT ON CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE By Thomas G. Blackwelder This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of garlic oil on cardiovascular endurance. The subjects were ten male students enrolled at Loma Linda University, La Sierra Campus in Riverside, California. The subjects exercised to their maximal heart rate while being tested on the treadmill. A pre-test was given to match the subjects equally into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group took garli_c oil capsules for four weeks. After two weeks the groups were given an intermediate test and at the end of four weeks a post-test was given. The data indicated that the experimental group improved in time on the treadmill from pre-test to post-test. The control group exercised for a longer period of time on the intermediate test than did the experimental group. It is concluded that ingestion of garlic oil, as used in this study, increases cardiovascular endurance. LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY Graduate School THE INGESTION OF GARLIC AND ITS EFFECT ON CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE By Thomas G. Blackwelder A Thesis in Partial Fulfillment 0£ the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Physical Education and Health
Agroforestry potential of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Pierre ex Pax in Nigeria

With the current geometric increase in Nigerian population and the depleted soil nutrients vis-à-vis decreased agricultural outputs. It becomes pertinent to identify important indigenous multiple agroforestry trees that would be compatible with food crops on the same piece of land for multiple outputs. This study aimed at determining the agroforestry potential of Ricinodendron heudelotii with focus on the ex-situ growth rate of the tree, compatibility with maize as a test crop, coppicing ability and its impact on soil nutrients. The experiment was sited at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, utilizing two alley widths (3 and 6 m) and control (15 × 10 m). Maize plants were intercropped with trees at two different seasons (dry and rain), six months after tree planting, but only the rain season maize survived for further analysis. Data were collected on the height, collar diameter and number of leaves of the trees and maize. Soil analysis was carried out before and after the experiment. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-test, Kruskal Wallis and Mann–Whitney U Test. The results showed that the effect of alley treatment was significant (p < 0.05) on tree and maize growth with the 6 m alley having the highest values. The effect of planting distance was not significant on maize growth. The alley agroforestry practice significantly (p < 0.05) improved the soil properties of the site, especially for pH, available phosphorus, magnesium and natrium. The findings from this study indicated that it is possible to incorporate maize into the alley of Ricinodendron heudelotii for multiple productions.