Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dominant-Negative ATF5 Compromises Cancer Cell Survival by Targeting CEBPB and CEBPD

The basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF5 is overexpressed in many tumor types and interference with its expression or function inhibits cancer cell survival. As a potential therapeutic approach to exploit these findings, we created dominant-negative (DN) ATF5 forms lacking DNA-binding ability that retain the ATF5 leucine zipper, and thus associate with and sequester ATF5's requisite leucine zipper–binding partners. Preclinical studies with DN-ATF5, including a cell-penetrating form, show in vitro and in vivo efficacy in compromising cancer cell survival. However, DN-ATF5's targets, and particularly those required for tumor cell survival, have been unknown. We report that cells lacking ATF5 succumb to DN-ATF5, indicating that ATF5 itself is not DN-ATF5's obligate target. Unbiased pull-down assays coupled with mass spectrometry and immunoblotting revealed that DN-ATF5 associates in cells with the basic leucine zipper proteins CEBPB and CEBPD and coiled-coil protein CCDC6. Consistent with DN-ATF5 affecting tumor cell survival by suppressing CEBPB and CEBPD function, DN-ATF5 interferes with CEBPB and CEBPD transcriptional activity, while CEBPB or CEBPD knockdown promotes apoptotic death of multiple cancer cells lines, but not of normal astrocytes. We propose a two-pronged mechanism by which DN-ATF5 kills tumor cells. One is by inhibiting heterodimer formation between ATF5 and CEBPB and CDBPD, thus suppressing ATF5-dependent transcription. The other is by blocking the formation of transcriptionally active CEBPB and CEBPD homodimers as well as heterodimers with partners in addition to ATF5. Implications: This study indicates that the potential cancer therapeutic DN-ATF5 acts by associating with and blocking the transcriptional activities of CEBPB and CEBPD.
Bioencapsulation of probiotic Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis on Artemia franciscana nauplii: Effects of encapsulation media on Nauplii survival and probiotic recovery

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the suitability and efficacy of various encapsulation media in bioencapsulating the probiotic Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis in Artemia franciscana nauplii. The impact of the encapsulation media on nauplii survival and probiotic recovery was also determined. Methodology and results: Various encapsulation media (sodium alginate, palm oil, starch, gum Arabic and gelatin) were prepared by dissolving the respective media in artificial sea water. Each media was prepared in four different concentrations: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/L. To determine the suitability of encapsulation media on the survivability of A. franciscana, survival rate (SR) of Artemia nauplii was determined after 8 hours post-encapsulation. Instar II stage Artemia nauplii at 1 nauplii per mL was used for each replicate. The result revealed that A. franciscana reached 100 % SR in the encapsulation media at ≤ 0.5 g/L. All media enabled > 23 % recovery of L. lactis subsp. lactis from encapsulated A. franciscana, which is similar (p > 0.05) to the recovery of free-cells (non-encapsulated) of L. lactis subsp. lactis. Noticeably in sodium alginate (E1) treatment, the total counts of L. lactis subsp. lactis in bioencapsulated A. franciscana were the highest among others, accounting for 2.44 × 10 7 CFU/mL per A. franciscana tissue homogenate. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Artemia nauplii bioencapsulated with L. lactis subsp. lactis using 0.5 g/L sodium alginate as encapsulation medium has the highest SR for nauplii and bioencapsulation efficiency, respectively. This result provides a basic guideline for Artemia bioencapsulation in fish/shrimp larval culture.
Newspaper preservation at Botswana’s legal repositories

For centuries, newspapers have been a resource for both scholars and researchers. There is no form of publication that captures day-to-day life of a community and its citizens better than the local newspaper. As a primary source for local history and other information, all newspapers (e.g. metropolitan dailies, weeklies and ethnic press) are worthy of retention and preservation. While great strides have been made in the science and practice of newspaper preservation since the 1830s, extant literature reveals that though the subject has generated a vast body of literature, it remains an undeveloped domain in sub-Saharan Africa, with few scholars demonstrating a keen interest on the subject. This has unfortunately limited our understanding of how records managers and archivists preserve newspapers in transitioning country contexts. The study reported here investigated the preservation of newspapers in Botswana’s three national repositories: Botswana National Archives and Records Services, Botswana National Library Services and University of Botswana Library. The Data was gathered via self-administered questionnaires. The key findings of the study were: (1) not all newspaper publishing companies were depositing copies of newspapers in accordance with the Legal Deposit Act (2) all the 3 repositories were making efforts to preserve newspapers (3) binding emerged as the dominant mode of preservation, followed by microfilming and (4) environmental conditions in which newspapers were stored ranged from air-conditioned (controlled environment) to unregulated environments. The study recommended that Botswana’s legal repositories needed to adopt new technological measures of preservation, particularly, digitization to keep up with the developments that are taking place in the preservation sciences. Furthermore, cooperation amongst the repositories was vital to overcome some of the challenges identified.
SE (2016) Impact of Age and Sex on CD4+ Cell Count Trajectories following Treatment Initiation: An Analysis of the Tanzanian HIV

Pregnancy in women with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) has been linked with an increased incidence of adverse foetal outcomes when compared to women without haemoglobinopathies (HbAA). There’s a paucity of data into foetal outcomes for infants born to women with SCD. Customised growth charts have been demonstrated to be better than populationbased growth charts at identifying unhealthy small babies. We analysed the mean birth weight and customised birth weight centiles of infants born to mothers with SCD versus mothers with HbAA genotype, to quantify the risk of having a smaller baby. Birth weight and birth weight centiles were analysed for 88 women with SCD (50 HbSS; 38 HbSC) and 176 controls (HbAA). Statistically significant differences were seen in the mean birth weight (P value = 0.004) and the mean birth weight centiles (P value = 0.016). We conclude that SCD is a risk factor for having a smaller baby. Introduction The clinical care for Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) has vastly improved the quality and longevity of those affected. Pregnancies in this cohort, however, still carry a greater risk of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes [1]. The major types of SCD are: Sickle Cell Anaemia (HbSS), Sickle cellHaemoglobin C disease (HbSC) and Sickle Cell β-Thalassaemia (HbSβthal) [2]. There is a paucity of data into foetal outcomes for infants born to women with SCD [3]. A meta-analysis of 26,823 SCD pregnancies (HbSS n = 1,523, HbSC n = 331, unspecified SCD genotype n = 24,969) showed a greater relative risk (RR) of small for gestational age (SGA) when analysed against women with normal haemoglobin (HbAA) (HbSS RR = 3.72, HbSC RR = 1.98) [1]. A Jamaican retrospective cohort of study of n = 118 HbSC and n = 110 HbAA pregnancies showed an increased rate of low birth weight (LBW) (HbSC 22.9%, HbAA 5.5%, p<0.0001) [4]. A UK nationwide cohort study of 109 SCD pregnancies (HbSS n = 55, HbSC n = 44, other SCD n = 11, unknown SCD genotype n = 3) based on data extracted from PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone. 0165238 October 24, 2016 1 / 8 a11111
A Multiobjective Bilevel Programming Model for Environmentally Friendly Traffic Signal Timings

Rapid urbanization and mobility needs of road users increase traffic congestion and delay on urban road networks. Thus, local authorities aim to reduce users’ total travel time through providing a balance between traffic volume and capacity. To do this, they optimize traffic signal timings, which is one of the most preferred methods, and thus they can increase the reserve capacity of a road network. However, more travel demand along with more reserve capacity leads to vehicle emissions problem which has become quite dangerous for road users, especially in developing countries. Therefore, this study presents a multiobjective bilevel programming model which considers both the maximization of reserve capacity of a road network and the minimization of vehicle emissions by aiming to achieve environmentally friendly signal timings. At the upper level, Pareto-optimal solutions of the proposed multiobjective model are found based on differential evolution algorithm framework by using the weighted sum method. Stochastic traffic assignment problem is presented at the lower level to evaluate the users’ reactions. Two signalized road networks are chosen to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. The first one is a small network consisting two signalized intersections that are used to show the effect of the weighting factor on the proposed multiobjective model. The other road network with 96 O-D pairs and 9 signalized intersections is chosen as the second numerical application to investigate the performance of the proposed model on relatively large road networks. It is believed that results of this study may provide useful insights to local authorities who are responsible for regulating traffic operations with environmental awareness at the same time.
Response of fertilizer levels and genotypes on productivity of fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) crop geometry,

An experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2012-13 to study the e crop geometry, 3 -1 -1 -1 revealed that significantly higher seed yield (2437.4 kg ha ), straw yield (3356.8 kg ha ), biological yield (5794.2 ha ), -1 net return (Rs.57358 ha ) and BCR (2.5) were recorded with sowing at a spacing of 22 cm x 10 cm as compared to 30 cm x 10 cm spacing but numbers of pods per plant (37.0), seed yield per plant (43.5 g), test weight (16.6 g) and harvest index (41.80) were higher in 30 cm x 10 cm spacing. Irrespective of spacing and genotypes, the application of 125 percent RDF ( NPK 50:50:25) recorded significantly more pods (40.7) per plant, seed yield (41.9 g) per plant, seed -1 -1 -1 yield (2249.1 kgha ), straw yield (3094.2 kgha ), biological yield (5343.2 kgha ), 1000 seed weight (16.4 g), harvest -1 index (42.07), net return (Rs.51091.0 ha ) and BCR (2.3) as compared to 100 percent RDF(NPK 40:20:20). -1 Significantly higher number of pods (42.9/pod), seed yield (45.9 g/plant), seed yield (2270.7 kgha ), straw yield -1 -1 -1 (3066.8 kgha ), biological yield (5337.4 kgha ), net return (Rs.51927.0 ha ) and BCR (2.3) were recorded with AFg-4. Thus, it is inferred that sowing at 22 cm x 10 cm spacing with application of 125 percent of recommended dose of fertilizer is better for realizing higher yield, net return and BCR. , genotypes
Stability Analysis in a Monetary Model With a Varying Intertemporal Elasticity of Substitution

Models dealing with monetary policy are generally based on microfoundations that characterize the behavior of representative agents (households and firms). To explain the representative consumer behavior, it generally assumes a utility function in which the intertemporal elasticity of substitution is constant. Recent literature casts some doubts about the relevance of considering such a constant elasticity value. In this paper, the new Keynesian monetary policy model is explored under the assumption that the elasticity of substitution changes with expectations regarding real economic performance. As a result, one observes that some combinations of parameter values allow for a stable fixed point outcome, while other combinations of parameters are compatible with cycles of various periodicities and even aperiodic fluctuations.
Conceptualizing transformation in the post-merger and incorporation environment era: A case of the Durban University of Technology

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gauge the knowledge of the university leaders at the Durban University of Technology on transformation. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses both quantitative and qualitative approaches guided by a structured survey questionnaire and in-depth interviews with the university leaders. The questionnaires generated the reliability coefficient α of 0.947, indicating a high degree of acceptance and consistency of the results. Findings – The study findings reveal the highest percentage of 70 per cent regarding the belief that transformation refers to restructuring the institution more than commonly anticipated variables such as race (56 per cent) and redressing the past injustices (59 per cent). Research limitations/implications – The limitation of the study was the scarcity of published material on the sub-dimensions of the study of transformation (transformation as referring to attracting qualified employees). Another limitation which was observed included the .
The Influence of the Great Lakes on Snowfall Patterns in the Southern Appalachians

Low-level moisture from the Great Lakes is occasionally advected as far south as the Southern Appalachian Mountains in periods of northwest flow, enhancing snowfall on windward slopes and at higher elevations. Although several cases of enhanced snowfall resulting from favorable air trajectories have been documented, considerable uncertainty remains as to their climatology and associated influence on snowfall patterns in the region. This paper assesses the influence of lowlevel moisture from the Great Lakes on snowfall patterns in the Southern Appalachians through backward air trajectory analyses of northwest flow snowfall events. Hourly observations from first order stations and daily snowfall data from cooperative observer stations are used to define snowfall events. NCEP reanalysis data are utilized to identify northwest flow snowfall events on the basis of 850-hPa northwesterly flow (270 to 360 degrees) at event maturation hour. The NOAA Hysplit Trajectory Tool is used to calculate 72-hour backward air trajectories at the event maturation hour and the spatial patterns of snowfall are analyzed and mapped with a GIS.
The Salience Network: A Neural System for Perceiving and Responding to Homeostatic Demands

The term “salience network” refers to a suite of brain regions whose cortical hubs are the anterior cingulate and ventral anterior insular (i.e., frontoinsular) cortices. This network, which also includes nodes in the amygdala, hypothalamus, ventral striatum, thalamus, and specific brainstem nuclei, coactivates in response to diverse experimental tasks and conditions, suggesting a domain-general function. In the 12 years since its initial description, the salience network has been extensively studied, using diverse methods, concepts, and mammalian species, including healthy and diseased humans across the lifespan. Despite this large and growing body of research, the essential functions of the salience network remain uncertain. In this paper, which makes no attempt to comprehensively review this literature, I describe the circumstances surrounding the initial discovery, conceptualization, and naming of the salience network, highlighting aspects that may be unfamiliar to many readers. I then discuss some of the key advances provided by subsequent research and conclude by posing a few of the questions that remain to be explored.
Effect of Metabolic Traits on the Risk of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Cancer in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver condition. Predicting its progression could help clinicians manage and potentially prevent complications. We evaluated the independent and joint effects of metabolic traits on the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with NAFLD.
The Culture of Rights Protection in Canadian Refugee Law: Examining the Domestic Violence Cases

This article examines Canadian refugee law cases involving domestic violence, analyzed through a comparison with cases involving forced sterilization and genital cutting. Surveying 645 reported decisions, it suggests that Canadian adjudicators generally adopted different methods of analysis in refugee cases involving domestic violence, as compared with these other claims. The article argues that Canadian adjudicators rarely recognized domestic violence as a rights violation in itself but, instead, demonstrated a general predisposition toward finding domestic violence persecution in cultural difference. That is, adjudicators tended to recognize domestic violence claimants not as victims of persecutory practices but rather as victims of persecutory cultures. The article suggests that this approach establishes incorrect criteria by which to evaluate domestic violence claims, for two main reasons. First, this approach does not accord due weight to complex factors besides culture that make women vulnerable to persecution in domestic settings. Second, this approach erects legal and conceptual barriers for women who cannot authentically narrate their experience through the script of cultural vulnerability or who cannot present as “victims of culture”. The article posits that characterizing the violence suffered by refugee women as a product of culture does more than erect barriers for refugee claimants; it also operates as a protective device that suppresses the commonality of domestic violence across cultures and elides its domestic prevalence. The article concludes by suggesting that this approach replicates problematic assumptions about gender violence and gender difference that make it harder to address domestic violence both abroad and at home.
Does functional type vulnerability to multiple threats depend on spatial context in Mediterranean‐climate regions?

Conservation efforts in Mediterranean‐climate regions are complicated by species' variability in response to multiple threats. Functional type classifications incorporating life history traits with disturbance response strategies provide a framework for predicting groups of species' response to fire, but it is unclear whether these classifications will be useful when species are exposed to multiple threats or differ in spatial context. We evaluate whether species of the same fire‐response functional type exhibit similar responses to disturbance relative to, and in combination with, climate and land‐use change and whether the dominant threat depends on spatial context.
Appendix for "Productivity and Unemployment over the Business Cycle"

The data on labor productivity, unemployment, employment and hours per worker are taken from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Labor productivity is measured as real average output per hour in the non-farm business sector and unemployment is the quarterly average of the monthly unemployment rate series constructed by the BLS from the Current Population Survey. The employment series is the number of employed workers (in millions) in the nonfarm business sector. Hours per worker is derived from subtracting (log) employment from (log) total hours in the non-farm business sector (the results in the paper are robust to using total private average weekly hours from the Current Employment Survey (BLS)). The vacancy series is the composite Conference Board help advertising index (see Barnichon, 2009). All series are expressed as deviations from an HP- lter with smoothing parameter 1600, and the conclusions from the paper are independent of the smoothing parameter. The construction of the TFP series is relatively standard and extends the series constructed by Beaudry and Portier (2006). Using nonfarm private business sector data from the BLS, I retrieve two annual series: labor share and capital services, and I interpolate the capital services series a quarterly series, assuming constant growth within the quarters of the same year. Output and total hours are quarterly and seasonally adjusted nonfarm business measures, from 1948Q1 to 2008Q4 (also from the BLS). I then construct a measure of (log) TFP as TFPt = log(Yt=H sh t K 1 sh t ), where sh is the average level of the labor share over the period.
The Impossibility of Fast Transactions

We prove that transactions cannot be fast in an asynchronous fault-tolerant system. Our result holds in any system where we require transactions to ensure monotonic writes, or any stronger consistency model, such as, causal consistency. Thus, our result unveils an important, and so far unknown, limitation of fast transactions: they are impossible if we want to tolerate the failure of even one server.
Cyberspace's threats: a pedagogical perspective on Internet addiction, violence and abuse

Questo articolo presenta e tematizza alcune risultanze emerse nel corso di due diverse ricerche condotte dal Person-ality Socialization Research Institute (PSRI) di Rezeknes augstskola (Lettonia). Entrambe le ricerche sono iniziate nel 2012 e in via di conclusione. La prima e una analisi della letteratura sulla dipendenza da Internet, arricchita da un sondaggio sull’uso eccessivo di Internet tra gli adolescenti lettoni, mentre la seconda ha richiesto l’attuazione di un programma di formazione per gli operatori sociali sulle minacce del cyberspazio, effettuata nel quadro di un Pro-getto Europeo (“PI-PWP Threats of cyberspace – New qualification of a social worker”), in cui PSRI e un part-ner. L’articolo sostiene l’idea della stretta relazione che esiste, in termini di singolo comportamento emotivo-sociale, tra Internet e vita reale. Inoltre, sostiene l’importanza di un approccio pedagogico come via per risolvere alcuni dei problemi connessi alla diffusione di Internet, spesso causati da un suo uso abuso. Piu in particolare, sono stati presentati alcuni problemi emersi durante la progettazione del programma di formazione per gli operatori sociali e la definizione della strategia per il miglioramento/valutazione della sua efficacia. L’analisi della letteratura ha dimostrato che il ricorso ad una dimensione pedagogica per affrontare le minacce del cyberspazio e condivisa da altri ricercatori, c’e anche una interessante convergenza sul modello di ap-prendimento sociale di Bandura che e alla base del quadro teorico dello studio. This article presents some considerations emerged in the course of two different researches carried out by the Per-sonality Socialization Research Institute (PSRI) of Rezeknes Augstskola (Latvia). Both researches have begun in 2012 and are not yet concluded. The first one is a review of literature on Internet addiction, enriched with a survey on the excessive Internet use among Latvian adolescents; while the second one requires the implementa-tion of an educational program for social workers on the threats of cyberspace, carried out within the framework of a European project (“PI-PWP Threats of cyberspace – New qualification of a social worker”), in which PSRI is a partner. The article brings forth the idea of the close relationship that exists, in term of individual emotional-social behavior, between the Internet and real life. Fur-thermore, it advocates the importance of a pedagogical approach as a mean to address some of the problems asso-ciated with the Internet diffusion, often as a result from a wrong use of it. More specifically, some issues that ensued during the design of the educational program for social workers and the definition of the strategy for improv-ing/evaluating its effectiveness are introduced. The analy-sis of current literature showed that the recourse to a peda-gogical dimension for facing the cyberspace threats is shared by other researchers; there is also an interesting convergence of some of them on the Bandura’s social-learning model which is at the basis of our theoretical framework.