Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Scheduling Algorithm for Distributed-Memory Machines

Task Scheduling is one of the key elements in any distributed-memory machine (DMM), and an efficient algorithm can help reduce the interprocessor communication time. As optimal scheduling of tasks to DMMs is a strong NP-hard problem, many heuristic algorithms have been introduced in the literature. This paper presents a Task Duplication based Scheduling (TDS) algorithm which can schedule directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) with a complexity of O(|V|/sup 2/), where |V| is the number of tasks in the DAG. This algorithm generates an optimal schedule for a class of DAGs which satisfy a simple cost relationship. The performance of the algorithm has been observed by its application to some practical DAGs, and by comparing it with other existing scheduling schemes in terms of the schedule length and algorithm complexity.
Dentoalveolar distraction osteogenesis for rapid orthodontic canine retraction.

PURPOSE We present a technique to reduce the overall orthodontic treatment time by means of dentoalveolar distraction osteogenesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eleven patients who were planned to undergo orthodontic treatment with bilateral first premolar extractions and subsequent bilateral canine tooth distalization underwent osteotomy around the canine tooth. The first premolar was extracted, and the buccal bone was carefully removed. After wound closure, a special orthopedic device was mounted and cemented to the first molar and canine teeth. Distraction was started the same day at the rate of 0.4 mm twice a day and continued until adequate movement of the canine teeth was achieved. The device was then removed, and orthodontic therapy was continued with fixed appliances. RESULTS The distraction rate and the device were well tolerated by all of patients. No anchorage loss in the second premolar and first molar teeth, root resorption, dental ankylosis, discoloration, or loss of vitality was detected. CONCLUSION The concept of distraction osteogenesis for rapid orthodontic tooth movement is promising and feasible for clinical practice.
Academic attainment and special educational needs in extremely preterm children at 11 years of age: the EPICure study

Aim: To assess academic attainment and special educational needs (SEN) in extremely preterm children in middle childhood. Methods: Of 307 extremely preterm (⩽25 weeks) survivors born in the UK and Ireland in 1995, 219 (71%) were re-assessed at 11 years of age and compared to 153 classmates born at term, using standardised tests of cognitive ability and academic attainment and teacher reports of school performance and SEN. Multiple imputation was used to correct for selective dropout. Results: Extremely preterm children had significantly lower scores than classmates for cognitive ability (−20 points; 95% CI −23 to −17), reading (−18 points; −22 to −15) and mathematics (−27 points; −31 to −23). Twenty nine (13%) extremely preterm children attended special school. In mainstream schools, 105 (57%) extremely preterm children had SEN (OR 10; 6 to 18) and 103 (55%) required SEN resource provision (OR 10; 6 to 18). Teachers rated 50% of extremely preterm children as having below average attainment compared with 5% of classmates (OR 18; 8 to 41). Extremely preterm children who entered compulsory education an academic year early due to preterm birth had similar academic attainment but required more SEN support (OR 2; 1.0 to 3.6). Conclusions: Extremely preterm survivors remain at high risk for learning impairments and poor academic attainment in middle childhood. A significant proportion require full-time specialist education and over half of those attending mainstream schools require additional health or educational resources to access the national curriculum. The prevalence and impact of SEN are likely to increase as these children approach the transition to secondary school.
Ciliated air-liquid cultures as an aid to diagnostic testing of primary ciliary dyskinesia.

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) can prove difficult because of secondary damage of ciliated tissue. METHODS Here we audit culturing cells, obtained by nasal brushing, to a ciliated phenotype using an air-liquid interface method to determine if the effects of secondary damage on cilia were reduced following culture. RESULTS Of 231 patients consecutively referred for diagnostic testing, culture was attempted in 187, with 101 (54%) becoming ciliated. Of the 90 brush biopsy samples with a low dyskinesia score (< 40%), 71 grew cilia after culture (79% success). Significant secondary damage (> 40% dyskinesia) was present in 69 (43%) of the initial brush biopsy samples, and of these, 18 (26%) became ciliated after culture. In these samples, ciliary dyskinesia was significantly (P < .001) reduced (64% ± 6.8% before culture, 31% ± 4.5% after culture). Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) after cell culture was similar to CBF before culture. Cell culture helped to exclude PCD in eight patients for whom ciliary dyskinesia was present in > 70% of the initial brush biopsy sample, a level at which a rebiopsy would normally be requested. In six patients in whom no cilia were found in the initial brush biopsy samples, ciliated cell culture was successful and excluded the diagnosis. PCD was diagnosed in 28 patients and ciliated cell culture was successful in 12 (43%) showing identical ciliary beat pattern and electron microscopy findings. CONCLUSIONS Ciliary dyskinesia was reduced following cell culture to a ciliated phenotype compared with the initial brush biopsy sample. The specific PCD phenotype was maintained after culture.
Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells in the Adult Rat CNS Express Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glyco‐protein (MOG)

While the effects of high dose X‐irradiation on mitotically active progenitor cells and remyelination are well‐documented, its effects on myelinating oligodendrocytes are less clear, due in part to divergent views on their mitotic capacity. To examine the effect of X‐irradiation on oligodendrocytes, the spinal cord of rats was exposed to 40 Gy of X‐irradiation and the number of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors in the dorsal funiculi at T12 and L1 was determined by in situ hybridization using cRNA‐probes for platelet derived growth factor alpha receptor (PDGFRα) (to identify oligodendrocyte progenitors), exon 3b of proteolipid protein (PLP) (to identify mature oligodendrocytes) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). X‐irradiation resulted in no change in the number of PLP positive cells and no loss of myelin internodes, but caused an almost complete loss of PDGFRα‐expressing cells, and a reduction in the number of MOG positive cells to a number similar to that found using the PLP exon 3b probe. Importantly, the number of radiation‐sensitive MOG‐expressing cells was similar to the number of PDGFRα positive cells. To determine if the radiation‐sensitive MOG positive cells were the same population as the radiation sensitive PDGFRα‐expressing cells, MOG and PDGFRα‐expressing cells were isolated from the adult CNS using antibody coated magnetic beads. Twelve to thirteen percent of MOG positive cells were PDGFRα positive and nearly all the PDGFRa isolated cells were MOG and galactocerebroside positive. Double immunofluorescence revealed colocalization of NG2 and MOG on cells in the normal adult rat spinal cord. These results show that in situ in the adult rat spinal cord white matter oligodendrocyte progenitors are MOG positive and indicates that expression of MOG cannot be regarded a marker that only identifies mature myelin‐supporting oligodendrocytes in tissue.
Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Untreated Antenatal Depression Compared With Women Without Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IMPORTANCE Despite the prevalence of antenatal depression and the fact that only one-third of pregnant women with depression consider it acceptable to take antidepressants, the effect of untreated depression on neonatal outcomes remains to be addressed thoroughly. OBJECTIVE To undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the effect of untreated depression on neonatal outcomes. DATA SOURCES We executed our search strategy, with emphasis on its exhaustiveness, in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. The search was conducted in July, 2015. STUDY SELECTION We included randomized and nonrandomized studies that examined neonatal outcomes in women with depression receiving neither pharmacological nor nonpharmacological treatment compared with women without depression. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, assessed full-text articles, extracted data, and assessed their quality using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We pooled data using random-effects meta-analyses, quantified heterogeneity using the I2 statistic, and explored it with subgroup analyses by type of assessment of depression, severity, reported conflicts of interest, and study quality. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcomes were preterm birth before 37 weeks and before 32 weeks, small and large for gestational age, low birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. RESULTS Of the 6646 titles initially identified, 23 studies met inclusion criteria, all observational, with a total of 25 663 women. Untreated depression was associated with significantly increased risks of preterm birth (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% CI, 1.25-1.94; 14 studies; I2, 39%) and low birth weight (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.24-3.10; 8 studies; I2, 48%), with a trend toward higher risks for exposure to more severe depression. While the odds of preterm birth more than doubled in studies reporting conflicts of interest (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.70-3.67; 5 studies; I2, 0%), studies not reporting such conflicts showed more moderate results (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08-1.66; 9 studies; I2, 30%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our results contrast with what is, to our knowledge, the only previous systematic review that examined the question of untreated depression because we found significant risks of 2 key perinatal outcomes, preterm birth and low birth weight. These are important results for pregnant women and clinicians to take into account in the decision-making process around depression treatment.
A single-institutional, multidisciplinary approach to primary sarcomas involving the chest wall requiring full-thickness resections.

OBJECTIVE Primary sarcomas involving the chest wall requiring full-thickness excision are rare. We reviewed our experience with these lesions in a tertiary referral cancer center by using multidisciplinary approaches. METHODS A 10-year retrospective study identified 51 patients referred with primary sarcomas of the chest wall: 40 for initial treatment and 11 after previous unsuccessful surgical excisions elsewhere (secondary referral). Presenting symptoms were pain alone in 23 (45%) of 51 patients, pain with an associated mass in 8 (16%) patients, and an asymptomatic mass alone in 13 (25%) patients. Median symptom duration was 241 days in the primary group and 225 days in the recurrent group. Tumor locations were the sternum (n = 11), the rib alone (n = 36), and the posterior rib with extension into vertebral bodies (n = 4). Histologic types included the following: chondrosarcomas (n = 15), malignant fibrous histiocytomas (n = 9), osteosarcomas (n = 4), Ewing sarcomas (n = 3), desmoid tumors (n = 7), and other types (n = 13). The median tumor volume of those referred initially was 311 cm(3) compared with 84 cm(3) in patients with recurrent lesions. RESULTS Twenty-six (51%) of 51 patients received treatment before resection, including chemotherapy alone (n = 22), radiation alone (n = 3), and combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy (n = 1). The complete sternum was removed in 6 of 11 patients, and the average number of ribs requiring resection was 3.8. Four patients had vertebral body resections. Prosthetic meshes alone were required in 16 of 51 patients, and meshes with methylmethacrylate were required in 18 of 51 patients. Muscle flap reconstructions by plastic surgery were required in 24 patients. Negative margins were obtained in 47 of 51 patients. There were no perioperative deaths with morbidities occurring in 12 (24%) of 51 patients (wound [n = 3], prolonged air leak [n = 1], prolonged ventilator requirement [n = 1], arrhythmias [n = 3], doxorubicin (Adriamycin)-induced cardiomyopathy [n = 1], and other [n = 3]). Postoperative treatment was administered to 13 patients (chemotherapy alone, n = 9; chemotherapy with radiation therapy, n = 4). The cumulative 5-year survival of all patients was 64% (initial referral, 61.3%; secondary referral, 72.7%). The average follow-up is 44.7 months. CONCLUSIONS A combined aggressive multidisciplinary approach to primary sarcomas of the chest wall resulted in no treatment-related deaths and a cumulative 5-year survival of 64% in patients referred to our tertiary care cancer center.
Radiation Bandwidth Enhancement of Aperture Stacked Microstrip Antennas

The radiation pattern of aperture stacked patch (ASP) antennas is improved. In the proposed geometry, the patch shape is designed such that the effective propagation constant of the antenna is decreased and therefore pattern degradation due to higher order modes is eliminated. The results show that the operational bandwidth of the proposed structure is increased from 68% to 76% compared to the traditional ASP.
Comparative study of antioxidant properties of wild growing and cultivated Allium species

Allium species are cultivated for the edible bulb, which is used mainly as flavoring in foods. Besides that, they could prevent tumor promotion and some processes that are associated with free radicals, such as cardiovascular diseases and aging. Therefore, different Allium species, both cultivated (Allium nutans L., A. fistulosum L., A. vineale L., A. pskemense B. Fedtsch, A. schoenoprasum L., A. cepa L. and A. sativum L.) and wild (A. flavum L., A. sphaerocephalum L., A. atroviolaceum Boiss, A. vineale L., A. ursinum L., A. scorodoprasum L., A. roseum L. and A. subhirsutum L.), were investigated in order to evaluate the antioxidant properties of their bulbs. This study reports on the results obtained for the bulb antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase), the quantities of non‐enzymatic plant antioxidants (reduced glutathione and total flavonoids), the contents of soluble proteins, vitamin C, carotenoids, chlorophylls a and b, as well as for the quantities of malonyldialdehyde and •OH and O2•− radicals. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Introduction: back to the future--revisiting Haddon's conceptualization of injury epidemiology and prevention.

Critiques of contemporary epidemiology have addressed the increasing gap between its scientific foundations and its contribution to the practice of public health (1–12). This debate has also addressed the value of using theory and conceptual models to guide both research and practice (1, 6–9, 11). Although seemingly unrecognized in this recent debate, Dr. William Haddon, Jr., widely considered the father of modern injury epidemiology, raised very similar issues some 35–40 years ago as he argued for both a more scientifically driven approach to injury control and also developed two complementary conceptual frameworks to guide epidemiologic research and prevention practice (13–18). This paper examines Haddon’s advances from both a theoretical and a practical perspective and demonstrates the applicability of his approach not only to injury problems but also to other public health issues.
Thermal stability of carp G-actin monitored by loss of polymerization activity using an extrinsic fluorescent probe

The thermal stability of carp G-actin was investigated by monitoring loss of actin polymerization ability. To determine the amount of native actin remaining after heat treatment, actin was labeled with a fluorescence reagent, N-(1-pyrene)iodoacetamide. The loss of polymerization ability of carp actin during heat treatment, at between 45 and 55°C, occurred faster than that of chicken actin. The inactivation rate was influenced by concentrations of ATP and Ca2+ in solution. With the increase of Ca2+ concentration, the inactivation of carp actin was markedly suppressed. Furthermore, the activation energy of the inactivation of carp actin obtained from an Arrhenius plot was similar to that of chicken actin. These results indicated that the thermal instability of carp G-actin was due to the low affinites of ATP and Ca2+ for carp actin described in a previous report.
Anatomic correlates of the face and oral cavity representations in the somatosensory cortical area 3b of monkeys

We determined the somatotopy of the face and the oral cavity representation in cortical area 3b of New World owl monkeys and squirrel monkeys. Area 3b is apparent as a densely myelinated strip in brain sections cut parallel to the surface of flattened cortex. A narrow myelin‐light septum that we have termed the “hand‐face septum” separates the hand representation from the more lateral face and mouth representation. The face and oral cavity representation is further divided into a series of myelin‐dense ovals. We show that three ovals adjacent to the hand representation correspond to the upper face, upper lip, and chin plus lower lip, whereas three or four more rostral ovals successively represent the contralateral teeth, tongue, and the ipsilateral teeth and tongue. Strips of cortex lateral and medial to the area 3b ovals, possibly corresponding to area 1 and area 3a, respectively, have similar somatotopic sequences. Although previous results suggest the existence of great variability within and across primate species, we conclude that the representations of the face and mouth are highly similar across individuals of the same species, and there are extensive overall similarities across these two species of New World monkeys. J. Comp. Neurol. 429:455–468, 2001. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transaldolase mutants in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis provide evidence that glucose can be metabolized through the pentose phosphate pathway

We have isolated the gene encoding transaldolase from Kluyveromyces lactis (KITALI) by screening a genomic library of this yeast using the TAL1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a radioactive probe. The clone isolated contained an open reading frame of 1002 bp, encoding a protein with 76% identical residues in the deduced amino acid sequences as compared to Tal from S. cerevisiae. KITAL1 can complement a tal1 deletion of S. cerevisiae for enzymatic activity. The transcription start of KITAL1 was located at ‐69 bp relative to the ATG translation start codon. Deleting a large part of the open reading frame from the genome did not lead to any obvious phenotype. Transaldolase was not produced in such mutants as shown by immunological detection. In combination with a double null‐mutant in the genes encoding the phosphofructokinase subunits in K. lactis (Klpfk1 Klpfk2 Kltal1), the cells lost their ability to grow on glucose. We take this as strong evidence that glucose is metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway in this yeast when glycolysis is blocked. In addition, by tetrad analysis we detected a close linkage to KIPFK1 and inferred that KITAL1 is localized on chromosome I.
Physical activity recognition of elderly people and people with parkinson's (PwP) during standard mobility tests using wearable sensors

Physical activity recognition plays a vital role in the application of wearable sensors in healthcare. This paper explores the capability of machine learning algorithms to recognise activities of healthy elderly adults and people with Parkinson's (PwP) using wearable sensor data. We examined the potential of triaxial accelerometer alone and with gyroscope for activity recognition. We employed a comprehensive study of several features and classifiers for recognising different activities. The random forest algorithm identified physical activities among elderly people and PwP with an accuracy of 92.29% when both accelerometer and gyroscope sensors used at the same time.
Effects of hexavalent chromium (VI) on root growth and cell division in root tip cells of Amaranthus viridis L.

The effects of different concentrations of Cr(VI) (10 -6 M to 10 -3 M) on root growth and cell division in root tips of Amaranthus viridis L. , were studied. Chromium (VI) had toxic effects on the root tip cells during mitosis, such as colchicine mitoses, anaphase bridges, chromosome stickiness. Chromosome stickiness implied the high toxicity of Cr(VI). The mitotic index decreased with increased concentration of Cr(VI), duration of treatment time and the ratio of anomalous dividing cells reversed. The results also indicated that the root growth was completely stopped by 10 -3 M Cr(VI) after 24 h treatment time, and slightly inhibited by 10 -4 M Cr(VI) during the whole experiment. Chromium (VI) had a stimulatory effect on the root growth of A. viridis L. exposed to 10 -5 M Cr(VI) during the entire experiment. The mitotic index in the present study can be correlated with rate of root growth, suggesting that the inhibition of root growth resulted from inhibition of cell division.
Combining angiotensin II receptor 1 antagonism and neprilysin inhibition for the treatment of heart failure

ABSTRACT Sacubitril/valsartan is a novel, first-in-class drug, which combines a neprilysin inhibitor with an angiotensin receptor blocker. Sacubitril inhibits neprilysin endopeptidase, blocking the catabolism of natriuretic peptides (NP), thereby increasing their bioavailability. Valsartan counterbalances the increase of angiotensin II that results from neprilysin inhibition, exerting also the beneficial effects of angiotensin receptor blockers seen in previous HF trials. PARADIGM-HF trial has proved the superiority of sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) over ACE inhibitor enalapril to reduce mortality and morbidity of symptomatic HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), setting the grounds for the replacement of ACE inhibitors by sacubitril/valsartan in the management of HFrEF. Sacubitril/valsartan is currently being tested in a phase III trial (PARAGON-HF) in patients with HF with preserved EF. PARAGON-HF is also expected to provide further data regarding the long-term safety of sacubitril/valsartan, hopefully to alleviate concerns regarding the effects of neprilysin inhibition on cognitive function.
Generalization of the Kerr effect for high intensity, ultrashort laser pulses

We have investigated the nonlinear susceptibility of atoms induced by high intensity, ultrashort laser pulses using a numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We found that the instantaneous nonlinear susceptibility becomes saturated at high intensity. We also found that the saturation is closely linked to depletion of the ground state. Based on the numerical results, a simple model that generalizes the nonlinear susceptibility of atoms for high intensity, ultrashort laser pulses is proposed. We also investigated the ionization-induced dipole moment and found that the amplitude of the dipole moment induced by an ionized electron is, in general, smaller than that induced by a free-electron, and is attributable to a residual interaction between the ionized-electron and its parent ion.