Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photoionization of Co+ and electron-impact excitation of Co2 + using the Dirac R-matrix method

Modelling of massive stars and supernovae (SNe) plays a crucial role in understanding galaxies. From this modelling we can derive fundamental constraints on stellar evolution, mass-loss processes, mixing, and the products of nucleosynthesis. Proper account must be taken of all important processes that populate and depopulate the levels (collisional excitation, de-excitation, ionization, recombination, photoionization, bound-bound processes). For the analysis of Type Ia SNe and core collapse SNe (Types Ib, Ic and II) Fe group elements are particularly important. Unfortunately little data is currently available and most noticeably absent are the photoionization cross-sections for the Fe-peaks which have high abundances in SNe. Important interactions for both photoionization and electron-impact excitation are calculated using the relativistic Dirac Atomic $R$-matrix Codes (DARC) for low ionization stages of cobalt. All results are calculated up to photon energies of 45 eV and electron energies up to 20 eV. The wavefunction representation of Co III has been generated using GRASP0 by including the dominant 3d$^7$, 3d$^6$[4s, 4p], 3p$^4$3d$^9$ and 3p$^6$3d$^9$ configurations, resulting in 292 fine structure levels. Electron-impact collision strengths and Maxwellian averaged effective collision strengths across a wide range of astrophysically relevant temperatures are computed for Co III. In addition, statistically weighted level-resolved ground and metastable photoionization cross-sections are presented for Co II and compared directly with existing work.
Revision of Xyalophora Kieffer and description of Xyalophoroides gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Figitinae)

The genus Xyalophora (Giraud, 1860) is revised herein. The revision includes the type species of Xyalophora (Figites clavatus Giraud, 1860), the type material and the original descriptions of all the species of Xyalophora included in the Weld catalogue, and long series of undetermined material. Xyalophora clavata (Giraud, 1860) and X. singularis (Ashmead, 1896) are the only currently recognized species that should be included in Xyalophora. Four new species are described: X. belizini sp. n. , X. giraudi sp. n. , X. provancheri sp. n. and X. zarazagai sp. n. The type species of Ceraspidia, Ceraspidia japonica Belizin, 1952, corresponds to males of a species within Xyalophora. Thus, Ceraspidia is a new synonymy of Xyalophora, which results in Xyalophora japonica comb. n. Xyalophora impatiens (Say, 1836) and Xyalophora picea (Spinola, 1853) being considered like incertae sedis, as the latter does not belong to the Figitinae but to the Eucoilinae and is probably a species within Acantheucoela Ashmead, 1900. Xyalophora aciculata Benoit, 1956 is transferred to the genus Figites Latreille, 1802: Figites aciculata comb. n. Xyalophora leviventris Kieffer, 1908 is a synonym of Xyalophora quinquelineata (Say, 1836), which is transferred to Xyalophoroides gen. n. , a new genus here described. The differences between all the genera of Figitinae with a scutellar spine are discussed and illustrated.
Species composition and plant performance of mixed seagrass beds along a siltation gradient at Cape Bolinao, The Philippines

The response of mixed Southeast Asian seagrass beds to siltation was analyzed based on field data, a transplantation experiment and experimental manipulation of light availability in seagrass populations along a silt gradient at Cape Bolinao, The Philippines. Seagrass species diversity, shoot density and depth penetration declined with increasing amounts of suspended material and increasing water column light attenuation along the silt gradient. The seagrass species could be ranked according to decreasing tolerance to siltation as: Enhalus acoroides > Cymodocea serrulata > Halodule uninervis > Thalassia hernprichii > Halophila ovalis > Cymodocea rotundata > Syringodium isoetifoliurn. A gradual decline in shoot density and depth penetration of the different species along the silt gradient suggested that changes in the vertical light attenuation coefficient in the water column, primarily caused by differences in suspended inorganic solids, was the most important factor affecting seagrass performance. However, inconsistency among the species in response to Increasing water depth, artificial shading and transplantation indicated that other factors, such as siltat~on-derived changes in sediment conditions, contribute to the sequential loss of seagrass species along the silt gradient.
Crowdsourcing in User-Generated Content Communities: Impact of Online Networks on Perception and Intended Behaviors of Crowd Engagement

Crowd participation on online social platforms can be enhanced by crowdsourcing existence, but can also create an environment in which users are motivated by diversity of activities as sole creators and promoters of products marketing. With the fast growth of online platforms, different users have diverse viewpoints and experiences related to user-generated content (UGC) activities. Whereas previous studies on UGC have mainly hailed from company or firm perspective considering ratings, reviews, social forums, sharing videos and images, our research focuses on user-generated content as add up in crowdsourcing from users’ viewpoints and experiences. In this study, variety of viewpoints of users give better understanding of users’ contributions, their focus and aspirations in user-generated content. This paper explores the extent to which users’ viewpoints on using online forums from visual and non-visual content importance with mediating effects of standardization and potential of content along with moderating effects of crowdsourcing content creation and promotion legacy. We investigated the viewpoints of users on UGC media contribution as additional supplement in crowdsourcing by conducting survey of university students, one of the largest online communities in China. Findings indicate that drivers of the UGC stuff exhibit a stronger influence on crowd engagement in user-generated content networks. Concerning crowdsourcing content consistency, UGC perceptions are moderated more highly for both visual and non-visual content. This study finally crops several implications for both research and practice. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of crowdsourcing all over in user-generated content.
School Functioning in Adolescents With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Background: It is well known that adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) experience greater school absenteeism compared to healthy adolescents. Less is known about other important aspects of school functioning including school participation, school connectedness, and academic performance in students with CFS. The aim of this study was to compare school functioning as a multifaceted construct in adolescents with CFS to healthy adolescent peers. We also explored whether illness factors were associated with school functioning in adolescents with CFS. Methods: Thirty-nine participants with CFS and 28 healthy controls (aged 13–17 years) completed a range of subjective and objective measures of school functioning, as well as measures of fatigue and emotional symptoms. Results: Adolescents with CFS demonstrated significantly higher rates of school absence, as well as poorer school-related quality of life, reduced school participation, poorer connectedness with school, and reduced academic performance. Fatigue severity and emotional symptoms were significantly associated with most aspects of school function. Conclusions: Adolescents with CFS are at increased risk for poor school functioning across a range of indicators which extend beyond school absenteeism.
An a posteriori error indicator for discontinuous Galerkin approximations of fourth-order elliptic problems

We introduce a residual-based a posteriori error indicator for discontinuous Galerkin discretizations of the biharmonic equation with essential boundary conditions. We show that the indicator is both reliable and efficient with respect to the approximation error measured in terms of a natural energy norm, under minimal regularity assumptions. We validate the performance of the indicator within an adaptive mesh refinement procedure and show its asymptotic exactness for a range of test problems.
Influence of flood frequency on residential building losses

Abstract. For the purpose of flood risk analysis, reliable loss models are an indispensable need. The most common models use stage-damage functions relating damage to water depth. They are often derived from empirical flood loss data (i.e. loss data collected after a flood event). However, object specific loss data (e.g. losses of single residential buildings) from recent flood events in Germany showed higher average losses in less probable events, regardless of actual water level. Hence, models that were derived from such data tend to overestimate losses caused by more probable events. Therefore, it is the aim of the study to analyse the relation between flood damage and recurrence interval and to propose a method for considering recurrence interval in flood loss modelling. The survey was based on residential building loss data (n=2158) of recent flood events in 2002, 2005 and 2006 in Germany and on-site recurrence interval of the respective events. We discovered a highly significant positive correlation between loss extent and recurrence interval for classified water levels as well as increasing average losses for longer recurrence intervals within each class. The application of principal component analysis revealed the interrelation between factors that influence the damage extent directly or indirectly, and recurrence interval. No single factor or component could be identified that explained the influence of recurrence interval, which led to the conclusion that recurrence interval cannot substitute, but complement other damage influencing factors in flood loss modelling approaches. Finally, a method was developed to include recurrence interval in typical flood loss models and make them applicable to a wider range of flood events. Validation including statistical error analysis showed that the modified models improve loss estimates in comparison to traditional approaches. The proposed multi-parameter model FLEMOps+r performs particularly well.
WHO Clinical Molecular and Pathological (WHO-CMP) Features of Congenital MPLS505N and the Acquired MPLW515l/K Mutated Essential Thrombocythemia and Myelofibrosis

We analysed the clinical and hematological features in 41 patients of seven families, including 21 ET patients with a proven MPLS505N mutation and 20 relatives with thrombocythemia reported in the medical records. Out of the 41 MPL S505N mutated individuals 15 major thrombotic episodes in 14 members (34%) were reported as Budd-Chiari syndrome age 17 in 1, deep vein thrombosis leg age 41 in 1,ecclampsia and fetal in 1, stroke at ages 43, 72, 76 and 80 in 4 and myocardial infarction at ages between 31-81 years, median 52 years. Fourteen out of 21 well documented MPLS505N mutated ET patients had no splenomegaly and were free of major thrombosis during follow-up at ages between 2 and 76 years (mean 31 years). Eight MPLS505N mutated patients had myelofibrosis (MF) from grade MF1 in 5 to grade MF2 in 3 at ages between 28-80 years (mean 48 years), which was associated with mild to moderate splenomegaly (spleen length diameter 14.5 to 18 cm). Six anemic cases at hemoglobin levels between 10 and 11.9 g/dL had platelet counts between 317 and 963 × 10 9 /L. Among 15 family members 9 died from thrombosis in 3, hypocellular myelofibrosis (two of them at age 76 and 80 years) in 3, and cancer or undefined in 3 cases. The maximum life expectancy of MPLS505N family members with thrombocythemia was 50% at 80 years, and 90% at 80 years of non-affected family members without thrombocythemia. The clinical presentation in 30 ET patients with acquired MPL 505N mutation (9 males and 21 females, age 22-84 (mean 56 years of whom 18 had the W 515L and 12 the W 515K ) was featured by a high incidence of major arterial event in 23%, venous thrombosis in 10%, aspirin responsive microvessel disturbances in 60%, and major hemorrhage in 7%. The only abnormal laboratory finding in MPL mutated ET was increased platelet counts, 956+331 × 109/L in all and slight splenomegaly in 5 (17%). Bone marrow histology from patients ET carrying the MPL 505N mutation consistently displayed a normocellular bone marrow with clustered small and large to giant megakaryocytes with hyperlobulated stag-horn nuclei and no features of polycythemia vera (PV) in blood and bone marrow.
Time and Money: An Empirical Explanation of Behaviour in the Context of Travel‐Mode Choice with the German Microcensus

Whereas variance in preferences is a central explanation for human behaviour in the social sciences, economists traditionally avoid using preferences to explain behaviour. Rather, change in behaviour or different kinds of behaviour are explained solely by differences in the economic restrictions imposed on an individual. Whereas restrictions have been analysed as monetary constraints in traditional economics, Gary Becker has broadened this term. In his work, he tried to integrate 'time'-the non-monetary restriction-into the economic constraints. In our paper we test empirically the effects of monetary and time restrictions on the travel-mode choice of a representative sample of the German population.We do this by means of testing some hypotheses from becker's work on microcensus data from Germany.These data include the following variables: travel-mode choice, distance of travel, time of travel, as well as some additional socioeconomic characteristics. Results of introducing these additional socioeconomic variables will also raise the question whether it is really true that only monetary and time costs matter.
Rainfall variability and crop production in Ethiopia Case study in the Amhara region

Ethiopian agriculture is mostly rainfed, whereas inter-annual and seasonal rainfall variability is high and droughts are frequent in many parts of the country. Rainfall variability has historically been a major cause of food insecurity and famines in the country. Surprisingly, however, the relationships between rainfall variability and fluctuations in agricultural production at regional and sub-regional scales have not been studied in detail. The objective of this study was to analyze rainfall variability and trends, and examine vulnerability of food grain production to rainfall variability in the Amhara region of Ethiopia.
Physico-chemical, sensory and microbiological quality of kinnow juice stored in refrigerated storage condition.

Different fruit juice blends were prepared as (Kinnow juice: Aonla juice: Ginger juice Pomegranate juice for improving flavour, and nutritive value. The juice blends were preserved by pasteurization (750C or 850C for 15 min.) and by addition of potassium meta-bi-sulphite (500 or 750 ppm). These blends were stored in 200 ml colourless glass bottles at (4 + 10C) and tested at three months interval upto six month. Blends were examined for physic-chemical, sensory evalution and microbial population. The individual effect of juice blending ratio, processing temperature and potassium meta-bi-sulphite treatment was found to be significant in prolonging storage life and maintaining the acceptable quality. The juice blends processed at 75oC for 15 min with 750 ppm potassium metabi- sulphite was the most effective treatment. However, a minimum microbial population was recorded with juice processed at 85oC temperature.
Work-integrated learning process in tourism training programs in Vietnam: Voices of education and industry

This paper addresses the work-integrated learning (WIL) initiative embedded in selected tourism training programs in Vietnam. The research was grounded on the framework of stakeholder ethos. Drawing on tourism training curriculum analysis and interviews with lecturers, institutional leaders, industry managers and internship supervisors, this study shows that WIL initiatives exist in the tourism training programs under examinations with various levels of industry engagement at both on-campus and off-campus stages. However, the links between the triad of WIL stakeholders -institutions, companies and students - under the impact of the Vietnamese Government policies in the context of higher education and vocational education and training are appraised as lacking, superficial and unsustainable. Consequently, this WIL process barely equips the graduates with the required knowledge and skills to satisfy the demands of the industry.
Mixed Path Ground Wave Propagation: 1. Short Distances

An expression is derived for the mutual impedance between two short vertical antennas on a flat earth with a straight boundary separating two media of differing electrical constants. After making some approximations that are valid at low and medium frequencies and where the antennas are not near the boundary, the integral formula for the field is evaluated for a wide range of the parameters. The numerical results computed in this paper are shown to be in reasonably good agreement with experiment. Finally, the effect of the obliqueness of the boundary is considered by a refinement of the stationary phase evaluation of the integrals.
Reirradiation with Proton Therapy for Recurrent Gliomas

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of reirradiation with proton therapy (PT) in patients with recurrent gliomas. Patients and Methods: Between 2005 and 2012, 20 patients with recurrent gliomas were irradiated with proton therapy at the Indiana University Health Proton Therapy Center. Three had low-grade gliomas (LGGs, World Health Organization grade I/II), 4 had grade III, and 13 had glioblastoma (GBM, World Health Organization grade IV). The median time interval between initial radiation and reirradiation was 17.4, 62.8, and 15.3 months for LGG, grade III gliomas, and GBMs, respectively. The median dose delivered was 30, 59.4, and 54 Gy (RBE) for the low-grade, grade III, and grade IV tumors, respectively. Results: The median follow-up time from reirradiation was 8.3 months (range, 1.4 to 25.3), and 30% of the patients were alive at time of follow-up evaluation. Only 1 patient with an LGG had died. Median overall survival (OS) from the time of the original pathologic diagnosis .
The Dirichlet problem for radially homogeneous elliptic operators

The Dirichlet problem in the unit ball is considered for the strictly elliptic operator L=Σa ij D ij , where the a ij are smooth away from the origin and radially homogeneous: a ij (rx)=a ij (x), r>0. Existence and uniqueness are proved for solutions in a certain space of functions. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for an extended maximum principle to hold
Accuracy of Point and Line Measures of Boundary Layer Cloud Amount

Abstract Many authors have used upward-looking instruments, such as a laser ceilometer, to estimate the cover of fair-weather cumuli, but little has been mentioned as to the accuracy of these measurements. Results are presented, using a simulated cloud field and a virtual aircraft, that show that sampling errors can be very large for averaging times commonly used with surface instruments. A set of empirical equations is found to provide an estimate of the errors associated with averaging time and earth cover. These relationships can be used to design observation strategies (averaging time or flight-leg length) that provide earth-cover estimates within desired error bounds. These results are used to guide a comparison between earth cover measured by an airborne upward-looking pyranometer and earth cover observed by airborne scientists in a research aircraft. In general, the agreement between these two methods is good.
Government Debt and Economic Growth

The growth prospects of a nation are stymied by the burden of government debt. This study has two goals: first, it tests whether public debt hinders growth; and, second, it explores whether economic policy ameliorates this effect. A large panel data of countries for 1970-2010 reveal a negative and robust effect of public debt on growth. Strong institutions, high quality domestic policies, and outward-oriented policies partly mitigate this adverse effect. An enhanced policy environment and its interaction with public debt has helped explain the improved growth performance of industrial and developing countries for the years 2001-05 compared to the years 1991-95. Viewing the actual performance of the Latin America and the Caribbean region, South America encompasses the group of countries more benefited by improvement of economic policies, while Central America and the Caribbean lag considerably. A simultaneous sharp reduction in public debt and an improvement in the policy environment induce an increase in the growth rate per capita of 1.7 percentage points for the Caribbean and 2 percentage points for South America. A more conservative scenario that considers an upgrade in quality of policies and a reduction of public debt leads to lower but still significant growth benefits for the Caribbean and South America, by 0.85 and 1.5 percentage points, respectively.
Alternative Assessment Approaches in Primary English Language Classrooms

In recent years, the philosophy and implementation of alternative assessment in primary classrooms have become the center of discussion and debate in the educational sector among scholars, educators, and stakeholders in many countries including Nepal. This paper presents a study on the alternative assessment practices in primary English language classrooms based on a qualitative approach. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of alternative assessment, the paradigm shift from traditional assessment to alternative assessment, and some insights on the practices of alternative assessment prevalent in the selected private schools in Kathmandu valley along with teachers’ perceptions and challenges. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/nelta.v18i1-2.10337 Journal of NELTA, Vol 18 No. 1-2, December 2013; 148-163
Different Modulators of Airways and Distal Lung Parenchyma Contractile Responses in the Physiopathology of Asthma

© 2012 Tiberio et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Different Modulators of Airways and Distal Lung Parenchyma Contractile Responses in the Physiopathology of Asthma