Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial Complex I Function Is Essential for Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Proliferation and Differentiation

Neurogenesis in developing and adult mammalian brain is a tightly regulated process that relies on neural stem cell (NSC) activity. There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial metabolism affects NSC homeostasis and differentiation but the precise role of mitochondrial function in the neurogenic process requires further investigation. Here, we have analyzed how mitochondrial complex I (MCI) dysfunction affects NSC viability, proliferation and differentiation, as well as survival of the neural progeny. We have generated a conditional knockout model (hGFAP-NDUFS2 mice) in which expression of the NDUFS2 protein, essential for MCI function, is suppressed in cells expressing the Cre recombinase under the human glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter, active in mouse radial glial cells (RGCs) and in neural stem cells (NSCs) that reside in adult neurogenic niches. In this model we observed that survival of central NSC population does not appear to be severely affected by MCI dysfunction. However, perinatal brain development was markedly inhibited and Ndufs2 knockout mice died before the tenth postnatal day. In addition, in vitro studies of subventricular zone NSCs showed that active neural progenitors require a functional MCI to produce ATP and to proliferate. In vitro differentiation of neural precursors into neurons and oligodendrocytes was also profoundly affected. These data indicate the need of a correct MCI function and oxidative phosphorylation for glia-like NSC proliferation, differentiation and subsequent oligodendrocyte or neuronal maturation.
A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing the Prevalence of Bullous Pemphigoid Autoantibodies in 275 Cases of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Treated With or Without Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitors

Background: Anti-hyperglycemic drug dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors (DPP-4i) have recently been recognized as bullous pemphigoid (BP) inducing drugs. It remains uncertain whether DPP-4i induce BP-IgG autoantibodies before the onset of BP. Objective: To evaluate the effect of DPP-4i in the development of BP-IgG autoantibodies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 221 DPP-4i (+) and 54 DPP-4i (–) T2DM cases was conducted. BP180 NC16A, BP230, and full-length BP180 ELISAs were used to detect the BP-IgG autoantibodies. We have also statistically analyzed the proportion of age, gender, intake periods of DPP-4i, and hemoglobin A1c level between anti-full-length BP180 IgG-positive and -negative DPP-4i (+) T2DM cases to identify co-founding factors. Results: BP180 NC16A ELISA, BP230 ELISA, and full-length BP180 ELISA were positive in 1.8, 2.2, and 10.9% of DPP-4i (+) T2DM cases, respectively; in contrast, they were positive in 0, 7.4, and 5.6% of DPP-4i (–) T2DM cases, respectively. The odds ratio for the development of BP-IgG autoantibodies detected by full-length BP180 ELISA was 2.070 for DPP-4i (+). There were no significant differences between the genders, intake periods of DPP-4i, nor of hemoglobin A1c levels, the anti-full-length BP180 IgG-positive cases tended to be significantly older than anti-full-length BP180 IgG-negative cases (median 74 vs. 69, p = 0.025) in the DPP-4i (+) T2DM cases. Limitations: We focused the analysis on DPP-4i intake and not on the effects of metformin and other drugs. Conclusion: Exposure to specific DPP-4i may induce the development of anti-full-length BP180 autoantibodies even in T2DM patients without any clinical symptoms of BP. Aging would be a risk factor to develop anti-full-length BP180-IgG autoantibody in DPP-4i (+) T2DM cases.
Failure diagnosis using discrete event models

We propose a discrete event systems (DES) approach to the failure diagnosis problem. We present a methodology for modeling physical systems in a DES framework. We discuss the notion of diagnosability and present the construction procedure of the diagnoser. Finally, we illustrate our approach using a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. <<ETX>>
Host-Based Intrusion Detection Host-Based Intrusion Detection

Introduction 1 Operating System–Level Intrusion Detection 1 Audit Data Gathering 1 Misuse-Based Approaches 2 Anomaly-Based Approaches 3 Specification-Based Approaches 6 Application-Level Intrusion Detection 6 Audit Data Gathering 6 Misuse-Based Approaches 7 Anomaly-Based Approaches 8 Specification-Based Approaches 8 Related Techniques 9 Host-Based IDSs Versus Network-Based IDSs 9 Future Trends 10 Conclusions 10 Glossary 10 Cross References 11 References 11
Learning Junior Secondary Science through Multi-Modal Representations

There is growing recognition that learning science in school entails understanding and linking verbal, visual and mathematical modes to develop knowledge of scientific concepts and processes. However, students face considerable challenges in engaging effectively with these literacies of science as they interpret and construct scientific texts. Our paper reports on two case studies on the topics of the particle theory of matter in Year 7, and force in Year 8. We aimed to identify (a) students’ understandings of, and capacity to link, different representational modes to develop conceptual knowledge, and (b) teachers’ perceptions of, and strategies to support, learning through this interlocking modal focus. Analyzed qualitative data included work samples, and focus-group interviews, as well as observations and interviews with participant teachers. The findings indicated that this multi-modal focus posed significant demands on learners, but had the potential to enable effective learning.
A switched beamforming system with multiuser detectors

We propose a switched beamforming system combined with multiuser detectors (MUD) in order to suppress the multiple access interference that is coming from the directions close to the desired user's signal. Since a multiuser detector, in the proposed system, works only for one beam signal, the required processing delay is significantly reduced compared to the conventional MUD. We have simulated the proposed system and our simulation results show that the proposed interference canceller achieves high SINR in a heavy interference channel, which a conventional spatial filtering system cannot achieve.
Performance of block turbo coded 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulations

We present the results of our investigation concerning the performance of block turbo codes associated with high spectral efficiency QAM modulations. By using a pragmatic approach, simulation results show that all the block turbo coded QAM modulations we have tested are at 2.9/spl plusmn/0.2 dB of their Shannon's limit. The block turbo coded QAM modulations also outperform TCM schemes by at least 1 dB at a BER (bit error rate) of 10/sup -5/. Concerning convolutional turbo coded QAM modulations, the block turbo coded QAM modulations exhibit slightly better performance for spectral efficiencies greater than 4 bits/s/Hz.
Assessing Leadership Skill Development: Implementing vLeader © Simulation Software to Capture Advances in Leadership Skills among Undergraduate Students

Student learning of leadership skills among undergraduate business students was assessed using a computer software leadership simulation with two groups of students, one group with prior leadership and management instruction and the second group with no prior instruction. Findings indicate that the first attempt using the software results in approximately similar scores but improvement of scores with repeated play was generally higher for students with prior instruction on leadership concepts. Identification of skill development was evident using the leadership simulation software. Discussion of findings and the benefits of computer simulations for learning and assessment of leadership skills are presented.
Classification using Association Rules

Association rule mining is a well-known technique in data mining. It is able to reveal all interesting relationships, called associations, in a potentially large database. However, how interesting a rule is depends on the problem a user wants to solve. Existing approaches employ different parameters to guide the search for interesting rules. Classification using association rules combines association rule mining and classification, and is therefore concerned with finding rules that accurately predict a single target (class) variable. The key strength of association rule mining is that all interesting rules are found. The number of associations present in even moderate sized databases can be, however, very large – usually too large to be applied directly for classification purposes. Therefore, any classification learner using association rules has to perform three major steps: Mining a set of potentially accurate rules, evaluating and pruning rules, and classifying future instances using the found rule set. This thesis compares and combines different approaches for classification using association rules. We use classification using association rules not only to solve classification problems, but also to compare the quality of different association rule mining approaches. In this context we show that the quality of rule sets from the standard algorithm for association rule mining can be improved by using a different association rule mining strategy. For this comparison we do a benchmark test using 12 UCI datasets.
Multielement UWB receiving antenna

The paper presents the results of simulation of a multielement receiving loop antenna intended to receive ultrawideband (UWB) pulse electromagnetic signals. The dependence of the current amplitude at its output on the antenna dimensions has been obtained. The influence of the number of elements and the antenna dimensions on the directional pattern and the received signal waveform distortion has been analyzed.
Stakeholders' Preferences and Adaptive Behaviour in Retail-Location Choice Decisions

The changing role of urban planning in the Netherlands from regulatory to public–private development planning implies the need to gain insight into multistakeholder decision making in a spatial planning context. In this paper we show the importance of unravelling influence structures that affect individual stakeholder decisions. For this purpose we looked at the Dutch retail planning context, where recently the responsibility for planning decisions has been deputed to local governments and peripheral retail planning restrictions have been relaxed. As a result, at present, local governments, real-estate developers, and retail firms jointly decide on the location of new retail facilities. It is assumed that each stakeholder's attitude towards peripheral retail planning is influenced by the preference structures of other stakeholders and may reflect their professional background. We focus on adaptive behaviour, the phenomenon that a decision maker adjusts his or her preferences towards specific preferences of other stakeholders in order to move to consensus. We provide a method for measuring this adaptive behaviour, based on existing random utility choice modelling techniques. To assess preferences of stakeholders for peripheral retail planning options as well as their adaptive behaviour, three groups of stakeholders (real-estate developers, retail organizations, and local governments) were invited to take part in a web-based conjoint choice experiment. It was found that all stakeholders show rather conservative behaviour regarding peripheral retail development, especially with respect to fashion. Adaptive behaviour appeared to be cooperative and significant: Stakeholders tend to (temporarily) increase preferences for alternative plans preferred by the other stakeholders. Developers appeared to be the most adaptive in their decision behaviour. Taking into consideration adaptive behaviour may help to improve existing multistakeholder decision models.
Information theoretic considerations for cellular mobile radio

We present some information-theoretic considerations used to determine upper bounds on the information rates that can be reliably transmitted over a two-ray propagation path mobile radio channel model, operating in a time division multiplex access (TDMA) regime, under given decoding delay constraints. The sense in which reliability is measured is addressed, and in the interesting eases where the decoding delay constraint plays a significant role, the maximal achievable rate (capacity), is specified in terms of capacity versus outage. In this case, no coding capacity in the strict Shannon sense exists. Simple schemes for time and space diversity are examined, and their potential benefits are illuminated from an information-theoretic stand point. In our presentation, we chose to specialize to the TDMA protocol for the sake of clarity and convenience. Our main arguments and results extend directly to certain variants of other multiple access protocols such as code division multiple access (CDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA), provided that no fast feedback from the receiver to the transmitter is available. >
On-off minimum-time control with limited fuel usage: near global optima via linear programming

A method for finding a global optimum to the on-off minimum-time control problem with limited fuel usage is presented. Each control can take on only three possible values: maximum, zero or minimum. The simplex method for linear systems naturally yields nearly such a solution for the reformulation presented because it always produces an extreme point solution to the linear program. Numerical examples for the benchmark linear flexible system are presented.
A New General Service List: The Better Mousetrap We’ve Been Looking for?

This brief paper introduces the New General Service List (NGSL), a major update of Michael West’s 1953 General Service List (GSL) of core vocabulary for second language learners. After describing the rationale behind the NGSL, the specific steps taken to create it and a discussion of the latest 1.01 version of the list, the paper moves on to comparing the text coverage offered by the NGSL against both the GSL as well as another recent GSL published by Brezina and Gablasova (referred to as Other New General Service List [ONGSL] in this paper). Results indicate that while the original GSL offers slightly better coverage for texts of classic literature (about 0.8% better than the NGSL and 4.5% more than the ONGSL), the NGSL offers 56% more coverage than either list for more modern corpora such as Scientific American or the Economist. In the precomputer era of the early 20th century, Michael West and his colleagues undertook a very ambitious corpus linguistics project that gathered and analyzed more than 2.5 million words of text and culminated in the publication of what is now known as The General Service List (GSL; West, 1953), a list of about 2000 high-frequency words that were deemed important for second language learners. However, as useful and helpful as this list has been to us over the decades, it has also been criticized for being based on a corpus that is considered to be both dated (most of the texts were published before 1930), as well as too small by modern standards, and for not clearly defining what constitutes a ‘‘word. ’’
EST-grid: an efficient scalable peer-to-peer infrastructure for web service discovery

Web services are becoming an important enabler of the Semantic Web. In this paper, we present a new P2P infrastructure for Web Services discovery. Peers that store Web Services information, such as data item descriptions, are efficiently located using a scalable and robust data indexing structure for Peer-to-Peer data networks, EST-GRID (Exponential Search Tree). EST-GRID provides support for processing Exact match Queries of the form "given a key, map the key onto a node". EST-GRID adapts efficiently update queries as nodes join and leave the system, and can answer queries even if the system is continuously changing. Results from theoretical analysis show that the communication cost of the query and update operations scaling both in O(√log n) time where n the number of nodes.
Extrinsic information in turbo decoding: a unified view

In this paper, we address the use of the extrinsic information generated by each component decoder in an iterative decoding process. The algorithm proposed by Bahl et al. (1974) and the soft-output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) are considered as component decoders. Numerical results for a classical rate-1/2 turbo code transmitted over a memoryless additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel are provided. The performance analysis of the considered schemes leads to interesting remarks about the nature of iterative decoding processes.
Sensorimotor synchronization across the life span

The present study investigates the contribution of general processing resources as well as other more specific factors to the life-span development of sensorimotor synchronization and its component processes. Within a synchronization tapping paradigm, a group of 286 participants, 6 to 88 years of age, were asked to synchronize finger taps with sequences of auditory signals. The auditory signals were given either isochronously with short or long interstimulus intervals in a regular condition or in a more demanding condition with alternating short and long intervals. The results provided the first direct life-span evidence showing that performance in these tasks improves substantially during childhood until about late teens, and thereon remains at least relatively stable until old age. This pattern of life-span age gradient holds for measures of different component processes of sensorimotor synchronization, such as basic timekeeping and error correction processes. The findings are not in line with simple general factor accounts of development. They rather suggest a more complex interaction between general resources and other specific factors in the life-span development of different components of sensorimotor synchronization.
Rain attenuation model assessment for wideband gapfiller satellite communications link

The wideband gapfiller satellite communication links will employ several frequencies in the X-, K-, and Ka-bands. Appropriate rain models are required to evaluate the propagation degradation due to rain at these frequencies. This paper reviews some of the study results reported by the NASA-ACTS (National Aeronautics and Space Administration-advanced communications technology satellite) researchers for K- and Ka-band propagation. The ACTS measured attenuation data in the K- and Ka-bands is compared with data obtained from well-established rain model attenuation predictions. Based on such comparisons, recommendations are made for gapfiller applications, especially at communication frequencies of 20.0, 21.2 and 30.0 GHz.
Inter-rater reliability and content validity of network analysis as a method for measuring distributed situation awareness

Abstract Robust measures support the development of theory and advancement of literature and insights into the reliability and validity of methods form a crucial part of methods selection for practitioners and researchers. In order to support the selection of data collection technique to measure distributed situation awareness (DSA), the reliability and validity associated with them must be explored. This paper presents an empirical study in which the validity of two data collection techniques which are used to collect DSA data was considered. The data collection techniques are, in turn, analysed using a network analysis method and the paper, further, considered the reliability of the network analysis method. It was shown that the network analysis method provides a reliable means of assessing DSA. While low levels of hit rates were observed for both communication logs and the CDM, higher hit rates were observed for the communication logs indicating that this data collection technique is associated with slightly higher levels of validity. These findings support the human factors community in the assessment and representation of DSA in teams.
e-Catalogs: How Can Brain Hemisphericity Relate to Online Shoppers' Preferences?

This study explores the relationship between online shoppers' brain hemisphericity and their preference for electronic catalogs (e-catalogs). e-Catalogs provide information on online products and services and can be presented in various forms, including text-oriented catalogs, audio-enabled catalogs, 3D catalogs, virtual trials, and custom animated catalogs. It is proposed that Web shoppers' brain hemisphericity can provide a basis for personalization of e-catalogs. Data were collected using two survey instruments. A verbalizer–visualizer questionnaire was used to measure participants' brain hemisphericity. Participants' preferences for different features of e-catalogs were measured using an e-catalogs questionnaire. Data were collected from a total of 1,087 respondents. ANOVA and multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. The findings suggest that participants' verbal and visual scores provide a basis for customization of e-catalogs. The personalization of e-catalogs can facilitate and improve Web shoppers' online shopping experience and assist their decision-making process for online purchases.
Linear precoding design for MIMO-PLC systems

In this paper, we consider the design of linear precoding in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Power Line Communication (PLC) systems with finite-alphabet input. First, we derive mutual information of MIMO-PLC systems with impulsive noise. Considering the non-concavity of the objective function and the low-cost requirement of PLC systems, we choose the lower bound of the mutual information as the objective function. Subsequently, we propose a novel approach to design the precoding scheme to reduce computational complexity. Specifically, our work primarily includes the following two contributions: (1) We design the right unitary matrix that is a product of two fixed unitary matrices, which only depends on the modulation mode. Hence, the results can be saved and require less computations. (2) For the power allocation matrix, we first reduce the space of power allocation using constraints of the optimal power allocation policy. Consequently, we propose a non-linear search method to obtain the optimal power allocation in small space. In regards to the computational complexity of the analysis, we conclude that the proposed precoding matrix design scheme has low complexity and is easy to implement. Moreover, the numerical results are proven to demonstrate the performance of the proposed precoding design scheme.
Research Paper on Optimized Utilization of Resources Using PSO and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) Algorithms in Cloud Computing

In cloud computing, resources are provided as a service to its users. Dynamic services are provided by the cloud computing model which provides virtualized resources over the internet for enabling applications and these services comes from large scale data Centre's which are called as cloud. Cloud computing totally depends on internet to deliver its services to the users. Cloud computing has large number of benefits i.e. user has to pay as they use(weekly, monthly or yearly), any person having internet connection can access cloud, there is no need to buy resources(hardware, software) by themselves. This paper proposes a new algorithm i.e Hybrid improved particle swarm optimization with mutation crossover (HIPSOMC) to get maximum benefit from resources, optimized utilization of resources is important and for this scheduling plays an important role. The proposed algorithm is much more efficient then the previously designed algorithms i.e. particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing and improved particle swarm optimization and consumes less execution time.