Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of knowing: a conceptual alternative to an unhelpful polarity between knowledge and skill

This paper reports research that responded to my experience of teacher trainees’ perception of a polarity between knowledge and skill in English post-compulsory education and training (PCET). I developed a model of knowing designed to promote an alternative to this binary conceptualisation. The research set out to operationalise Dimensions of knowing in a real context and explore its potential. The research participants were PCET teacher-trainees occupying the combined role of Further Education teacher(s) and Higher Education learner(s). I chose a combined research approach of constructivist grounded theory methodology supported by the principles of action learning. This approach both enabled practitioners to engage collaboratively and reflexively with the model and also allowed me to develop an objectified explanatory framework of their engagement. I found that Dimensions of knowing could support practitioners to perceive their own, and others’, knowing differently. Used as a conceptual ‘tool’ within PCET, Dimensions of knowing has the potential to challenge the dominant discourse of a knowledge-skill (academic-vocational) divide within the sector.
DEEP-WATER VEGETATIONS OF LOBOPHORA-VARIEGATA (PHAEOPHYCEAE) IN THE CORAL-REEF OF CURACAO - POPULATION-DYNAMICS IN RELATION TO MASS MORTALITY OF THE SEA-URCHIN DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM

Cover, blade size, growth rate, longevity and reproduction of the foliose brown macroalga Lobophora variegata (Lamouroux) Womersley were recorded in 2 deep-water populations (25 to 35 m) in the coral reef of Curaqao (Netherlands Antilles) for over a year. No seasonal effects were observed. Although mean cover was relatively constant, turnover rates were very high with half-life of blades being, on average, only ca 20d. During ths study the herbivorous sea urchin Diadema antillam Philippi suffered mass mortality. The effect of the disappearance of this grazer was evident at one of the 2 locations, where D. antillam densities had been highest, L. vanegata cover lowest and blade sizes smallest. At this station, following D. antillarum mortality, cover and blade size increased significantly and reached a new equilibrium after ca 6 mo.
Advances in Canadian forest hydrology, 1995–1998

Approximately 42% of Canada is covered by forests, which in turn can be subdivided into nine distinct forest ecozones. Many forested ecozones are located in northern Canada, where cold winters and cool summers provide forest environments that are less well-understood that those in more temperate locations. A number of major developments in recent years have stressed the need for enhanced understanding of hydrological processes in these forest landscapes. These include an increased emphasis on sustainable forest management in Canada as well as major scientific initiatives (e.g. BOREAS) examining water, carbon and energy fluxes in forest ecosystems, with a particular focus on boreal and subarctic forests. Recent progress in our understanding of forest hydrology across Canada is reviewed. Studies of hydrological processes across the spectrum of forest ecozones are highlighted, as well as work on hydrological responses to forest disturbance and recovery. Links between studies of hydrological processes in Canada's forests and other fields of research are examined, with particular attention paid to ongoing efforts to model hydrological impacts and interactions with the climate, biogeochemistry, geomorphology and ecology of forested landscapes.
Food Preference in the Nile Rat Arvicanthis niloticus

Abstract Individually tested Nile rats, Arvicanthis niloticus Desm. , consistently preferred sorghum to wheat, groundnuts and standard laboratory food, and whole sorghum to cracked and ground sorghum. The addition of 5% sugar enhanced their consumption of sorghum bait. Similar results were obtained with groups of 2–4 animals in enclosures. Whole sorghum to which 2% by weight groundnut oil and 5% sugar had been added was preferred over all other foods. Small groups of rats in four enclosures were exposed to 0.18% zinc phosphide baits with either the normal cracked sorghum or the experimental whole sorghum‐oil‐sugar formulation. During pre‐baiting the rats consumed twice as much of the experimental bait as they did of the normal. During toxic baiting, however, consumption and mortality were similar for both baits. It is suggested that the experimental bait could be useful for attracting more rats to bait stations and that zinc phosphide may be effective at lower levels than usually applied for the control of.
X-ray structure refinements of tremolite at 140 and 295 Kz Crystal chemistry and petrologic implications

A near-end-member natural tremolite, NaoorCa,nrMgrrFeoorAloorsiE.ooorr(OH)r, was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 140 and 295 K to seek a possible crystalchemical explanation for the typically low Cal) M ratios, relative to the ideal ratio of 2/5, observed in both natural and synthetic tremolite samples. Difference-Fourier maps revealed the presence of a residual electron density close to the M4 site along the diad axis toward the octahedral strip. Structure refinements indicated that the M4 and M4' sites are occupied by Ca + Na and M(Fe + Mg), respectively. In comparison with the configuration of the M2 coordination polyhedron in diopside, the degree of distortion and the volume of the M4 coordination polyhedron in tremolite are relatively large and the M4 cation is slightly underbonded. These two factors contribute to an energetic drive toward M-enriched tremolite. The average unit-cell volume of 906.6(2) A' determined at 295 K for nearly pure tremolite in this study suggests an end-member reference-state volume for tremotite of 907 Ar. This indicates that cell volumes of synthetic tremolite of 904.2Q) Lz reflect 8-100/o cummingtonite solid solution, as previous authors have claimed. Similarly, B angles of 104.53-104.58' for synthetic tremolite suggest similar amounts of cummingtonite, when compared to g : 104.76(2)" for near-end-member tremolite and 104.75(5f for many natural tremolite samples from calc-silicate parageneses. The compositions of natural and synthetic tremolite samples are consistent with theoretical constraints on the Cal> M ratio of tremolite. Decreasing temperature increases the Cal> M ratio of tremolite in both Mg-saturated (+ talc, anthophyllite, cummingtonite, or enstatite) and Ca-saturated (+ diopside, qvartz, HrO) parageneses. Stabilization of cummingtonite-tremolite solid solution caused by M4-site splitting (M on M4') is small in comparison with the enthalpic consequence of size mismatch. The configurational entropy term (mixing of Ca and Mg) accounts for the coexistence of cummingtonite-bearing tremolite with diopside, qtartz, and HrO, and for the problem of achieving 1000/o synthesis of tremolite of ideal composition.
Collaboration, Stars, and the Changing Organization of Science: Evidence from Evolutionary Biology

We report a puzzling pair of facts concerning the organization of science. The concentration of research output is declining at the department level but increasing at the individual level. For example, in evolutionary biology, over the period 1980 to 2000, the fraction of citation-weighted publications produced by the top 20% of departments falls from approximately 75% to 60% but over the same period rises for the top 20% of individual scientists from 70% to 80%. We speculate that this may be due to changing patterns of collaboration, perhaps caused by the rising burden of knowledge and the falling cost of communication, both of which increase the returns to collaboration. Indeed, we report evidence that the propensity to collaborate is rising over time. Furthermore, the nature of collaboration is also changing. For example, the geographic distance as well as the difference in institution rank between collaborators is increasing over time. Moreover, the relative size of the pool of potential distant collaborators for star versus non-star scientists is rising over time. We develop a simple model based on star advantage in terms of the opportunities for collaboration that provides a unified explanation for these facts. Finally, considering the effect of individual location decisions of stars on the overall distribution of human capital, we speculate on the efficiency of the emerging distribution of scientific activity, given the localized externalities generated by stars on the one hand and the increasing returns to distant collaboration on the other.
Effects of Various Levels of Oxidized Oil on Performance, Egg Quality and Some Blood Metabolites in Laying Hens

The influence of dietary oxidized oil was studied on laying hen performance, egg quality and blood metabolites. Experiment was conducted on 160 laying hens (Hy-Line W-36, 54-61 wk of age) in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicated cages containing eight birds per cage. Dietary treatments replaced fresh soybean oil in the control diet (3% fresh soybean oil, 15.25% crude protein, and 2858 Kcal/kg metabolizable energy) with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% oxidized oil. Egg production and egg weight were recorded daily and feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and egg mass were calculated weekly. Egg quality traits were recorded on a biweekly basis. Hen’s body weight was measured individually at the beginning and end of the experiment. Serum metabolites were determined at the end of the experiment. There was a significant difference between diets with different oxidized oil levels in egg weight, egg mass, Egg production, and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatments. There was no significant difference between oxidized oil levels on blood serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein. Malondialdehyde of the liver was not affected by oxidized oils. The results of this study have clearly demonstrated that maximum 25% oxidized oil could be replaced by fresh oil in the diets without any adverse effect on the performance of laying hens.
Microbial Properties of Traditional Cheese ( Jar Cheese ) during Ripening

This study was performed aimed at providing health products of milk and indigenous knowledge in the preparation of a traditional cheese (jar). Jar Cheese is one of the best known and most famous cheeses in Iran without adding any starter and is made from raw milk. Important issue in the production of this product is the risk of pathogenic microbes. In local conditions for the safe storage, cheese is maintained in earthenware jar for one month and it is used without knowledge of pollution. In this study, microbiological characteristic of a fresh jar cheese and effect of ripening process was studied within 90 days. In local conditions for safe storage of jar cheese, it must maintain at least a month into the jar, well as some salt is added to cheese, during of producing. In fact, salt is used as a protective material due to reduction of water activity and inhibitory effect of presence and activity of bacteria. Jar cheese has a mild acidic salty taste, and a pleasant flavor and smell. In its manufacture milk warm up to around 30-35 C and then lamb rennet is added. The coagulum is cut into pieces that are then transferred to drain the whey. The resulting curd mass is cut into small cubes and the cubes are packed in 10–12% salt brine in a clay jars. Ripening takes place in deep natural or man-made caves for 3–4 months at an average temperature of 10–12 C. We investigated microbiological characteristic such as existence or nonexistence of some bacteria like Mesophilic,Coliform, EscherichiaColi,lactobacillus, Estafilococosaureus, mold andyeast. Microbial investigations showed that during the period of ripening, coliform and Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited and the amounts of them reduced So that at the end of the third month, any Coliform weren’t isolated. Also the amounts of mold and yeast did not increase during the period of ripening significantly. An increase was observed in Lactobacillus bacteriaduring the first month and then they showed a reduction . A jar cheese is consumed after one month, while this survey showed that in the first month, None of the biological properties of cheese samples was not in accordance with national standard of ripen cheese, and favorable conditions didn’t have for consumption.
TOPOLOGY OF QUATERNIONIC MANIFOLDS

Manifolds with holonomy groups in SO(n) are the oriented Riemannian manifolds. Only general results may be obtained about the topology of this large class. The cohomology of Riemannian manifolds with holonomy groups in U(n) (Kahler manifolds), has been extensively studied (see [3], [6], [13]). The existence of compact Riemannian manifolds with holonomy groups in SU(n) or Sp(n) is not known for n =A 1. Hence, for the general groups, the most interesting cases left are those manifolds whose holonomy groups form subgroups of Sp(n) x Sp(l). These manifolds are called quaternionic manifolds. In the first part of this paper (? 1-3), a decomposition analogous to the Hodge Decomposition for Kaihler manifolds is given for quaternionic manifolds (Theorem 3.5). Using a theorem of Chern, we get an increasing sequence of Betti numbers (Theorem 3.6). In the last part (? 4 and 5), we define a quaternionic pinching. Using it, we give a quaternionic analogue (Theorem 5.5) to Klingenberg's Kahler pinching in [7] and [8].
Novel Adhesive Proteins of Pathogenic Staphylococci and Their Interaction with Host Proteins

In this thesis, interactions between bacterial and host proteins have been studied by a phage display approach. Affinity selection of a Staphylococcus aureus shotgun phage display library against human von Willebrand factor (vWf), led to the identification of a novel secreted vWf-binding protein (vWbp). Mature vWbp, which consists of 482 amino acids, could be recovered from an S. aureus culture supernatant. The specific interaction between vWbp and vWf is mediated by a region of 26 amino acids located in the C-terminal part of vWbp. Further characterisation revealed vWbp to be a bifunctional protein capable of inducing coagulation of plasma from several species, but with preference for human and porcine plasma. The coagulating activity was found to reside in the N-terminal part of vWbp, and to be depended on the interaction with prothrombin. Similarly, panning a Staphylococcus lugdunensis phage display library against human vWf resulted in the recognition of a novel vWf-binding protein (vWbl). This protein comprises 2060 amino acids, including a cell wall sorting signal with a surface-anchoring LPXTG-motif. The vWf-binding part of vWbl is located in repetitive domains. The incidence of the genes encoding vWbp and vWbl is very high in clinical isolates of the respective staphylococcal species. In addition, the S. aureus library was sorted against ex vivo biomaterial, and six different staphylococcal protein were identified: coagulase, Efb, protein A, FnbpA, FnbpB, and Sbi. Fibrinogen-binding and β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI)-binding phagemid particles were dominating. Proteins adsorbed to different ex vivo central venous catheters were investigated using specific antibodies. Fibrinogen was found to be most abundant, but β2-GPI was also detected on the investigated biomaterials. This is noteworthy in view of S. aureus adherence to biomaterials, but might also implicate a source for induction of disease-causing β2-GPI-autoantibodies. vWf is an essential molecule for platelet adherence and aggregation, especially during rapid blood flow. Thus, it is intriguing that two virulent staphylococcal species, both capable of causing life threatening endocarditis, have evolved proteins with affinity for vWf. Perhaps even more intriguing, both vWbp and vWbl presumably bind the same site in vWf, as indicated by cross-inhibition studies. However, the exact role for these staphylococcal proteins concerning staphylococcal pathogenesis remains to be elucidated.
Metamorphosis and inshore migration of tropical eels Anguilla spp. in the Indo-Pacific

In order to determine the early life history and recruitment mechanisms of tropical eels Anguilla spp. in the Indo-Pacific, the timing of metamorphosis and age at recruitment to freshwater habitats were established from otolith microstructure and microchemistry analyses of juveniles of Anguilla celebesensis, A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor. Otolith increment width markedly increased from the age of 124 ± 12.0 d (mean ± SD) in A. celebesensis, 120 ± 13.0 d in A. marmorata (Philippines), 120 ± 15.6 d in A. marmorata (Indonesia) and 139 ± 15.9 d in A. bicolor bicolor. The timing of these increases was coincident with drastic decreases in otolith Sr:Ca ratios in each species, indicating the onset of metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel. The mean duration of metamorphosis was 17 to 18 din each species. Age at recruitment (mean ± SD) was 157 ± 13.7 d in A. celebesensis, 154 ± 13.5 d in A. marmorata (Philippines), 152 ± 15.2 d in A. marmorata (Indonesia) and 177 ± 16.4 d in A. bicolor bicolor. In all species examined, close linear relationships were found between ages at metamorphosis and recruitment, suggesting that individuals which metamorphosed earlier were recruited to freshwater habitats at a younger age.
The semantics of work in a work system: a pragmatic philosophy of Information Systems

While technologically Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) systems have been considerably improved during previous years, studies show that social dimension of CSCL is often neglected or assumed would be happen automatically just by creating such virtual learning environments. This research investigates non-pedagogical social side of CSCL and proposes a model to identify students’ social needs and factors that effect non-pedagogical sociability of CSCL.
Angle-differential elastic-electron scattering off C60: a simple semi-empirical theory versus experiment

We prove in the present paper that simple modeling of a complicated highly polarizable C60 target by a rectangular (in a radial coordinate) square well potential in combination with the static polarization potential provides a viable approximation for a low-energy elastic-electron scattering off this target. The proof is based on the results of the comparison of the calculated angle-differential elastic-electron scattering cross section off C60 versus corresponding experimental data.
Ultrastructural study of the host-parasite interface after infection of two species of teleosts by Labratrema minimus metacercariae (Trematoda, Bucephalidae)

A histo-cytological study was carried out on the effects of Labratrema minimus (Stossich, 1887) metacercariae (Trematoda, Bucephalidae) in the liver of the second intermediate hosts, grey mullet Liza ramada and silverside Atherina boyeri. The following features were seen at the interface between the fish and the parasite. (1) Formation of the initial layer constituting the cyst wall derived from the parasite and of the middle and outer layers, forming the capsular-like coat derived from the host liver. The hepatic origin of the latter 2 layers protects the parasite against a possible inflammatory reaction from the host, both in grey mullet and silverside. (2) Development of the 3 layers, defining both the cyst wall (initial) and the capsular-like coat (middle, outer), as a dynamic zone from the beginning of encystment until the seventh month after infection of juvenile grey mullet. (3) Accumulation of voluminous lipid droplets at an early stage (3 d post-infection) both in the metacercarial tegument and in the cyst cavity, and of a few such droplets within the cyst wall. (4) High level of infection and presence in the same parenchyma of various developmental stages of Labratrema minimus metacercaliae, demonstrating that in the lagoons the silverside is subject to multiple successive infections.
Effect of layered silicate nanoclay on the properties of silane crosslinked linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)

In the present work, the effect of pristine layered silicate montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay on the properties of silane-crosslinked LLDPE prepared by melt compounding is investigated. The effect of the sequence of feeding additives (nanoclay and grafting agent) into the mixer on gel content, thermal and mechanical properties were studied. Results demonstrate that the sequence of feeding additives influences the final properties of nanocomposites. For samples prepared by first grafting of silane on LLDPE followed by incorporation of nanoclay into the polymer matrix, the gel content and the rate of crosslinking increased, while the elongation at break decreased. For samples prepared by first mixing nanoclay into the LLDPE matrix followed by the grafting reaction, the rate of crosslinking and the tensile properties did not change significantly. The gel content increased with increasing content of nanoclay for both process routes due to an enhanced permeation of water molecules into the polymer matrix in the presence of polar montmorillonite particles. Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) results proved the intercalation/partial exfoliation morphology of nanoclay in the silane-grafted LLDPE matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data showed multiple melting behaviour for crosslinked samples which is indicative for different crystalline structures of the sol and gel part of the LLDPE matrix.
Nicotine , carcinogen and toxicant exposure in long-term e-cigarette and nicotine replacement therapy users : a cross-sectional study Running title : e-cigarettes and toxicant exposure

272/275. Manuscript: 3490/3500 (excluding role of funding source). References: 71/75. Tables & Figures: 5/6. *Correspondence to: Dr Lion Shahab, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, 1–19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Phone: +44 207679 1805; Fax: +44 207813 2848; Email: lion.shahab@ucl.ac. uk
Temporal patterns of breeding and recruitment in Nerophis lumbriciformis (Pisces; Syngnathidae) related to seawater temperatures

The breeding season of Nerophis lumbriciformis, a cold water pipefish, was positively correlated with seawater temperatures <15.5° C, whilst recruitment occurred at the end of the upwelling season, when seawater temperature attained its maximum values. The observed alterations in seawater temperatures, with steady year-round increases, and the consequent alteration of the upwelling regime, may have dramatic consequences in the maintenance of N. lumbriciformis populations, by reducing the breeding period and simultaneously contributing to the transport of pelagic larvae northwards due to specific sea currents that occur outside the upwelling season.
Effects of acoustic and linguistic experience on Japanese pitch accent processing*

This study investigated the effects of L2 learning experience in relation to L1 background on hemispheric processing of Japanese pitch accent. Native Mandarin Chinese (tonal L1) and English (non-tonal L1) learners of Japanese were tested using dichotic listening. These listener groups were compared with those recruited in Wu, Tu & Wang (2012), including native Mandarin and English listeners without Japanese experience and native Japanese listeners. Results revealed an overall right-hemisphere preference across groups, suggesting acoustically oriented processing. Individual pitch accent patterns also revealed pattern-specific laterality differences, further reflecting acoustic-level processing. However, listener group differences indicated L1 effects, with the Chinese but not English listeners approximating the Japanese patterns. Furthermore, English learners but not naïve listeners exhibited a shift towards the native direction, revealing effects of L2 learning. These findings imply integrated effects of acoustic and linguistic aspects on Japanese pitch accent processing as a function of L1 and L2 experience.