Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of salt stress on plant establishment, chlorophyll and total free amino acid content of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) cultivars

Salinity is considered as the most important abiotic stress limiting crop production and plants are known to be able continuing survive under this stress by involving many mechanisms. In this content, the present study was carried out to evaluate the impact of salt stress on some physiological and biochemical parameters in five cultivar of ber cultivars viz. Banarsi Karaka, Narendra Ber Sel-1, Narendra Ber Sel-2, Gola and Ponda The present experiment was carried out under pot at Department of Horticulture, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad. The stress was induced by different salts i.e. CaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl and Na2SO4 and different ratio (1:1:1:2) of these salts were used. The chloride dominated salinity was maintained at four concentrations of ECe (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 dSm1). Results indicated that increasing salinity stress in all cultivars had significantly negative impact on plant establishment, survival and chlorophyll content. However, protein hydrolysis is activated resultant accumulation of free amino acids is increased in leaves. Banarsi Karaka, Narendra Ber Sel-2 and Ponda cultivars successfully tolerated up to salinity level 12dSm-1 by accumulating more proline in leaves and maintaining usually higher values in all parameters in opposition to Gola. Based on the findings of experiment, it was concluded that Banarsi Karaka, Narendra Ber Sel. -2 and Ponda can be placed in tolerant and cvs. Narendra Ber Sel. -1 and Gola as semi-tolerant group or susceptible.
What makes customers willing to recommend a retailer - the study on roots of positive Net Promoter Score index

Net Promoter Score index (NPS index) is examined from customers perspective. The statistical analysis of NPS index obtained for different retailers by customers survey is presented. The correlation coefficients between NPS index and a set of criteria are given and the key drivers of NPS index are determined. It is shown that the most important factor in the creation of positive NPS index is the trust, while perception of the low price is less influential. The direction in which retailers should move with their communication and in-store activities is suggested. JEL Classification Code: M310.
The intra-cluster magnetic field power spectrum

Aims. We study the intra-cluster magnetic field in the poor galaxy cluster Abell 194 by complementing radio data, at different frequencies, with data in the optical and X-ray bands. Methods. We analyzed new total intensity and polarization observations of Abell 194 obtained with the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT). We used the SRT data in combination with archival Very Large Array observations to derive both the spectral aging and rotation measure (RM) images of the radio galaxies 3C 40A and 3C 40B embedded in Abell 194. To obtain new additional insights into the cluster structure, we investigated the redshifts of 1893 galaxies, resulting in a sample of 143 fiducial cluster members. We analyzed the available ROSAT and Chandra observations to measure the electron density profile of the galaxy cluster. Results. The optical analysis indicates that Abell 194 does not show a major and recent cluster merger, but rather agrees with a scenario of accretion of small groups, mainly along the NE−SW direction. Under the minimum energy assumption, the lifetimes of synchrotron electrons in 3C 40 B measured from the spectral break are found to be 157± 11 Myr. The break frequency image and the electron density profile inferred from the X-ray emission are used in combination with the RM data to constrain the intra-cluster magnetic field power spectrum. By assuming a Kolmogorov power-law power spectrum with a minimum scale of fluctuations of Λmin = 1 kpc, we find that the RM data in Abell 194 are well described by a magnetic field with a maximum scale of fluctuations of Λmax = (64 ± 24) kpc. We find a central magnetic field strength of 〈B0〉 = (1.5 ± 0.2) μG, which is the lowest ever measured so far in galaxy clusters based on Faraday rotation analysis. Further out, the field decreases with the radius following the gas density to the power of η = 1.1 ± 0.2. Comparing Abell 194 with a small sample of galaxy clusters, there is a hint of a trend between central electron densities and magnetic field strengths.
The Impact of Capital Structure on the Performance of Industrial Commodity and Services Firms Listed on Vietnamese Stock Exchange

This paper investigates the impact of capital structure on the performance of commodity and service firms listed on the Vietnamese Stock Exchange. Data used in the paper were collected from the 142 firms listed on Ho Chi Minh and Ha Noi Stock Exchange during time 2009-2015. By using the descriptive statistics and linear regression model, the findings shows that there is negative relationship between capital structure (e.i. STD. LTD and DA) and peformance of the firms (i.e. ROE) for the commodity and services firms listed on two given Stock Exchange Market of Vietnam. Following are possible implications for the study.
Beam dynamics analysis of dielectric laser acceleration using a fast 6D tracking scheme

A six-dimensional symplectic tracking approach exploiting the periodicity properties of Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) gratings is presented. The longitudinal kick is obtained from the spatial Fourier harmonics of the laser field within the structure, and the transverse kicks are obtained using the Panofsky-Wenzel theorem. Additionally to the usual, strictly longitudinally periodic gratings, our approach is also applicable to periodicity chirped (sub-relativistic) and tilted (deflection) gratings. In the limit of small kicks and short periods we obtain the 6D Hamiltonian, which allows, for example, to obtain matched beam distributions in DLAs. The scheme is applied to beam and grating parameters similar to recently performed experiments. The paper concludes with an outlook to laser based focusing schemes, which are promising to overcome fundamental interaction length limitations, in order to build an entire microchip-sized laser driven accelerator.
The effects of family income on children ’ s education : An empirical analysis of CHNS data

Education is an important way for children in low-income families to change their social status. In order to quantitatively investigate the intergenerational transmission of education in China, an empirical study based on the CSPF2014 data on the effect of family income on the academic achievement of children was done, after controlling the education of parents, father’s age, residence and the number of family members. OLS and logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence of family income on children’s academic achievement. The results show that family income has a significant influence on children’s education level, and the increasing family income can improve their education level; the phenomenon of intergenerational transmission of education is not obvious, and the intergenerational mobility is good. It is also found that although the total sample and urban samples showed the level of family income has no significant influence on academic achievement of children, but in rural families, the increasing income does play a greater role in enhancing children’s education level, which provides suggestions for China’s education reform accordingly.
Diagnóstico de las Necesidades de Formación en Inteligencia Emocional y en Educación Inclusiva de Docentes de Educación

In this study, we improve the quality of education in teaching centers, by applying an emotional intelligence program as means of developing an inclusive education for kindergarten. We designed an instrument for assessing accurately, educational needs in emotional intelligence and inclusive education of kindergarten teachers belonging to the Community of Aldaia. The consistency of this instrument was conformed through the agreement of 9 expert judges. Secondly, questionnaires were administered to a sample of 31 teachers from the same teaching centers of the Community. Lastly, we proposed an emotional intelligence and inclusive intelligencetraining program, adapted to the mentioned teachers' educational needs.
Requirement of Non-phytate Phosphorus in Synthetic Broiler Breeder Diet

An experiment was conducted to study the laying performance, shell quality, bone mineralization, hatchability of eggs and performance of progeny (weight at day one and 14 d of age, P content in day old chick, leg score and survivability of chicks) of synthetic broiler breeders fed different levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP). Six levels of NPP (1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0, 3.6 and 4.2 g/kg diet) at a constant calcium (Ca) level (30 g/kg) in a maize-soya-deoiled rice bran based diet were tested. Levels of dicalcium phosphate, shell grit and deoiled rice bran were adjusted to achieve the desired levels of NPP and Ca. Each level of NPP was fed with a weighed quantity of feed (160 g/b/d) to 40 female broiler breeders from 25 to 40 weeks of age housed in individual cages. Each bird was considered as a replicate. Egg production, feed/egg mass, body weight, egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, egg specific gravity, serum Ca content and tibia breaking strength were not influenced (p>0.05) by the variation in dietary NPP levels tested. Increasing the dietary levels of NPP did not influence the hatchability of eggs, phosphorus (P) contents both in egg yolk and day old chick, chick body weight at day one and 14 d of age, leg score and survivability of chicks up to 14 d of age. Maximum response (p≤0.01) in shell breaking strength, tibia ash and serum inorganic P contents were observed at NPP levels of 2.09, 2.25 and 3.50 g per kg diet, respectively. The retention of Ca increased, while the P retention decreased (p≤0.01) with increasing dietary levels of NPP. Though maximum responses in shell breaking strength, bone ash and serum inorganic P were observed at NPP higher than 1.2 g/kg diet, the broiler breeder performance in terms of egg production, shell quality, hatchability of eggs and progeny performance and their survivability was not influenced by dietary NPP concentrations. It is concluded that synthetic broiler breeders maintained in cages do not require more than 1.2 g NPP/kg diet with a daily intake of 192 mg NPP/b/d during 24 to 40 weeks of age.
Truth-Telling as Talking Cure? Insecurity and Retraumatization in the Rwandan Gacaca Courts

This article presents unique material from in-depth interviews with 16 women in Rwanda who have testified in the gacaca, the village tribunals initiated to enhance reconciliation after the 1994 genocide. The aim of the interviews was to learn more about how testifying in such a public event as the gacaca affects psychological health. Do the women find the experience healing or retraumatizing? Are there other effects involved? There has been an assumption that testifying in truth and reconciliation commissions is a healing experience for survivors, and healing has been a central concept in the general reconciliation literature and in political rhetoric around truth commissions. However, the findings of the present study are alarming. Traumatization, ill-health, isolation, and insecurity dominate the lives of these testifying women. They are threatened and harassed before, during, and after giving testimony in the gacaca. The article provides a picture of the reconciliation process that we seldom see.
The initial masses of the red supergiant progenitors to Type II supernovae

There are a growing number of nearby SNe for which the progenitor star is detected in archival pre-explosion imaging. From these images it is possible to measure the progenitor's brightness a few years before explosion, and ultimately estimate its initial mass. Previous work has shown that II-P and II-L supernovae (SNe) have Red Supergiant (RSG) progenitors, and that the range of initial masses for these progenitors seems to be limited to $<$17M$_\odot$. This is in contrast with the cutoff of 25-30M$_\odot$ predicted by evolutionary models, a result which is termed the 'Red Supergiant Problem'. Here we investigate one particular source of systematic error present in converting pre-explosion photometry into an initial mass, that of the bolometric correction (BC) used to convert a single-band flux into a bolometric luminosity. We show, using star clusters, that RSGs evolve to later spectral types as they approach SN, which in turn causes the BC to become larger. Failure to account for this results in a systematic underestimate of a star's luminosity, and hence its initial mass. Using our empirically motivated BCs we reappraise the II-P and II-L SNe that have their progenitors detected in pre-explosion imaging. Fitting an initial mass function to these updated masses results in an increased upper mass cutoff of $M_{\rm hi}$=$19.0^{+2.5}_{-1.3}$M$_\odot$, with a 95% upper confidence limit of $<$27M$_\odot$. Accounting for finite sample size effects and systematic uncertainties in the mass-luminosity relationship raises the cutoff to $M_{\rm hi}$=25M$_\odot$ ($<$33M$_\odot$, 95% confidence). We therefore conclude that there is currently no strong evidence for `missing' high mass progenitors to core-collapse SNe.
The Effects of Managers Transformational Leadership Style on Employees Organizational Commitment

This study investigates the effect of managers’ transformational leadership styles on the employees’ organizational commitment in the hotel industry. The study was conducted on 443 employees in fivestar hotels in Turkey. First, the correlation analysis conducted between organizational commitment and transformational leadership styles. The results showed that there is a positive, moderate level of correlation between employee organizational commitment and transformational leadership styles (idealized attributes, idealized behaviors, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration). Second, multiple linear regression was applied in order to analyze the relation between organizational commitment and managers transformational leadership style. With this analysis, employees’ organizational commitment and managers transformational leadership styles were found to be significant
Analysis of time‐lapse travel‐time and amplitude changes to assess reservoir compartmentalization

Fluid depletion within a compacting reservoir can lead to significant stress and strain changes and potentially severe geomechanical issues, both inside and outside the reservoir. We extend previous research of time‐lapse seismic interpretation by incorporating synthetic near‐offset and full‐offset common‐midpoint reflection data using anisotropic ray tracing to investigate uncertainties in time‐lapse seismic observations. The time‐lapse seismic simulations use dynamic elasticity models built from hydro‐geomechanical simulation output and a stress‐dependent rock physics model. The reservoir model is a conceptual two‐fault graben reservoir, where we allow the fault fluid‐flow transmissibility to vary from high to low to simulate non‐compartmentalized and compartmentalized reservoirs, respectively. The results indicate time‐lapse seismic amplitude changes and travel‐time shifts can be used to qualitatively identify reservoir compartmentalization. Due to the high repeatability and good quality of the time‐lapse synthetic dataset, the estimated travel‐time shifts and amplitude changes for near‐offset data match the true model subsurface changes with minimal errors. A 1D velocity–strain relation was used to estimate the vertical velocity change for the reservoir bottom interface by applying zero‐offset time shifts from both the near‐offset and full‐offset measurements. For near‐offset data, the estimated P‐wave velocity changes were within 10% of the true value. However, for full‐offset data, time‐lapse attributes are quantitatively reliable using standard time‐lapse seismic methods when an updated velocity model is used rather than the baseline model.
How different planting depth and spacing effect African corn lily corms growth and production

A field trial was carried out to determine how different planting depth and planting distance effect the growth and production of African corn lily at Horticulture Farm, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement was used. Corms were planted at various depths 5, 7.5 and 10 cm and plant to plant distance of 10, 15 and 20 cm. Minimum number of days to sprouting (20.68), sprouting percentage (84.72%), early spike emergence (68.99 days) and maximum number of cormels plant-1 (4.86) were taken by the corms planted at the depth of 5 cm whereas maximum number of days to sprouting (25.97), late emergence of spike (74.09 days) and minimum number of cormels plant-1 (3.47) were noted in corms planted at the depth of 10 cm. Maximum sprouting percentage (90.28%) was obtained when corms were planted 7.5 cm deep. Regarding different planting distance minimum days to sprouting (20.77), days to spike emergence (69.15) were observed when corms were planted 20 cm apart whereas maximum days to sprouting (27.12) were observed when corms were planted 10 cm apart. Maximum sprouting percentage (90.28%) was obtained when corms were planted 10 cm apart while minimum (83.33%) was obtained when corms were planted 15 cm apart. Maximum number of days to spike emergence (75.10) was taken by the plants grown 10 cm apart. maximum number of cormels plant-1 (5.03) was obtained when corms were planted 20 cm wide while minimum number of cormels plant-1 (3.32) was obtained when corms were planted 10 cm wide. * Corresponding Author: Mohammad Ilyas  ilyas_swati88@yahoo.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 9, No. 1, p. 99-105, 2016
Language use of patients with early-onset Alzheimer ’ s Disease : An analysis of basic sentences

Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is the most common cause of dementia, has two subtypes: early-onset and late-onset AD. Early-onset AD affects people younger than age 65 and memory dysfunction, cognitive impairment, executive dysfunction and language problems are relatively more common on patients with early-onset AD. Based on the language disturbances, the aim of this study is to examine basic sentences of patients with early-onset AD by using four different language tests and to compare all the results with a control group. Considering the power analyses, 23 patients with early-onset AD from Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and an age/education-matched control group are included in this study. The data were analyzed using t test and Mann-Whitney U test. It was found that patients with early-onset AD used more basic sentences in Random Speech test compared to the control group. The other finding was about the nominal and the verbal sentences. It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the patients with earlyonset AD and the control group in terms of nominal sentences in the Picnic Picture description test, Cookie Theft Picture description test and the Story Picture Sequencing test. In terms of verbal sentences, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the patients with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease and the control group in all language tests. In conclusion, the syntactic ability is preserved in AD. However, working memory problems can make the syntactic processing worse. Due to this process, patients with early-onset AD tend to use basic sentence structures more frequently.
The Effect of CSR Disclosure on Institutional Ownership

This study attempts to address the question of whether Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) has any impact to institutional investors of the public limited companies (PLC) in Malaysia. Despite CSRD being at a nascent stage in Malaysia, such reporting is found to be positively related to institutional ownership and these results provide evidence that is consistent with the conjecture that institutional investors pay attention to the way Malaysian companies manage their social issues. Using longitudinal data analysis, the findings of this study solidly support the outcome of the majority of results in developed markets. This result suggests that local firms are able to attract and maintain their institutional investors while they engage in social activities.
What Factors Shape By Ratings in Relation to Landmarks?

Two experiments investigated how absolute and relative distance shape adults’ and young children's ratings concerning the extent to which the term by describes the relation between locations. Three- and 4-year-old children and adults were asked to rate how well the word by described the relation between several blocks and a landmark. The blocks were arranged so that their absolute and relative distances from the landmark varied. All ages relied on absolute and relative distance between the blocks and the landmark when making by ratings; however, older children and adults showed more differentiated responses. These findings add to our growing understanding of how adults and young children use relative distance to understand the proximity term by.
Transforming the Nigeria tourism industry through tourism entrepreneurial development

This paper seeks to explore the role of tourism entrepreneurship in producing destination tourism spirit in Nigeria. Nigeria is a land richly endowed with natural and cultural resources. Concerted attempts have been made in the past five decades to build a viable tourism industry by government and a small number of operators, but not much has been achieved. The country has not been able to harness the abundant resources into attractive tourist products with high visitor-drawing power. Many reasons have been given for this ugly situation. The paper therefore conceptualized that, the possession of a resource base can only give absolute advantage, but does not produce the desired level of industry spirit necessary to sell the destination. What matters most is the resource conversion rate of entrepreneurs. Nigeria does not currently have a tourism model capable of achieving 80% of tourism resource conversion rate. This paper therefore proposes a tourism sector development model that posits tourism entrepreneurship as the potential driver of the tourism industry. It also highlights specific entrepreneurial tourism operations that are necessary to optimize the country’s tourism goals. The proposed tourism destination development model (TDDM) has the following four components: invention of tourism entrepreneurial programmes, harnessing the potential of existing hospitality enterprises in creating a tourism value chain, promoting community based tourism (CBT) in tourism resource management and creating effective tourism regulatory framework and infrastructural base. Key words: Tourism entrepreneurship, tourism development, tourism industry, tourism business plan, community based tourism, tourism development model.