Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improvement in Transformer Diagnosis by DGA using Fuzzy Logic

Power transformer is one of the most important equipments in electrical power system. The detection of certain gases generated in transformer is the first indication of a malfunction that may lead to failure if not detected. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of transformer oil has been one of the most reliable techniques to detect the incipient faults. Many conventional DGA methods have been developed to interpret DGA results obtained from gas chromatography. Although these methods are widely used in the world, they sometimes fail to diagnose, especially when DGA results falls outside conventional method codes or when more than one fault exist in transformer. To overcome these limitations, fuzzy inference system (FIS) is proposed. 250 different cases are used to test the accuracy of various DGA methods in interpreting the transformer condition.
Influence of Nitrogen treatments on Grain Yield, Yield Components and Grain Quality of Some Egyption Rice Cultivars

Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Etai El- Baroud Agricultural Research Station,Behaira Governorate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt during 2015 and 2016 summer seasons to evaluate theperformance of three rice cultivars namely Giza 179, Sakha 105 and Sakha 106. A split plot design with three replicates wasused. The main plots were devoted to rice cultivars and the sub plots were occupied by different nitrogen treatments T1 (60Kg N/fed), T2 (2 Tons rice husk + 40 Kg N/fed), T3 (2 tons rice husk + 2 tons rice straw + 40 Kg N/fed) and T4 (2 tons ricestraw + 40 Kg N/fed). The results showed significant differences between cultivars for most studied characters. Comparisonbetween means showed that in both study seasons rice cultivar Giza 179 gave the highest values for number of panicles/m2 ,grain yield , broken and grain shape while, lowest values for 1000 grain weight, hulling, grain length, grain width and proteincontent. Moreover, Sakha 105 rice cultivar showed highest values for grain length, grain width, protein content % and wateruptake. Sakha 106 rice cultivar showed superiority for 1000 grain weight, hulling and milling. Furthermore, applying 2 tonrice husk + 2 ton rice straw + 40 Kg N/fed showed superiority for number of panicles/m2 , number of filled grains/panicle,1000 grain weight, grain yield, hulling, milling and protein content. Interaction between rice cultivars and nitrogen treatments in both study seasons showed the highest values for number of panicles/m2, grain yield and milling were noticed with Giza 179 rice cultivar and applying 2 tons rice husk +2 tons rice straw +40 Kg N/fed. Moreover, the highest values for number of filled grains/panicle, 1000 grain weight and hulling were recognized with Sakha 106 rice cultivar and applying 2 tons rice husk +2 tons rice straw +40 Kg N/fed.
What Future for Europe?

Europe has undergone profound changes in fertility behaviour in the last decades. After years of falling fertility, it seems that we have now reached a phase of stabilisation in most countries of the European Union. However, stabilisation has occurred at very different levels in different part of Europe. Looking for explanations for these differences should help us to understand the underlying factors behind fertility behaviour in postindustrial societies. Limited time being one of the most fundamental constraints in post-industrial societies, we focus on the opportunity cost of childbearing as the main fertility-inhibiting factor. Therefore, particular attention is devoted to the relationship between female paid employment and fertility and to the gender division of work within households. The division of work between men and women seems to be the result of a bargaining process between partners where relative bargaining positions are defined by social norms and relative earnings. Eventually, we argue that the relative distribution of the opportunity cost of childbearing between genders affects fertility levels across Europe.
The Impact of Basel Risk Based Capital Requirement (Accord I) on Bank Performance in the Context of a Small Service-Based Island Economy.

This paper tests the effect of the Basel Risk Based Capital Requirements (Basel Accord 1) on Mauritian banks' behaviour, using a sample of 9 commercial banks. In the absence of any simultaneity between change in capital ratio and change in credit risk following the application of 3SLS to an extension of the model proposed by Shrieves and Dahl (1992) , the study applies the Arellano-Bond GMM technique to provide unbiased and more efficient estimates by taking into account dynamic framework. The main result emanating from this research reveals that banks' response to the Basel Risk -Based Capital Accord I requirement, is weak in the Mauritian context and under the period of study.
Temporal Variations of Telluric Water Vapor Absorption at Apache Point Observatory

Time-variable absorption by water vapor in Earth’s atmosphere presents an important source of systematic error for a wide range of ground-based astronomical measurements, particularly at near-infrared wavelengths. We present results from the first study on the temporal and spatial variability of water vapor absorption at Apache Point Observatory (APO). We analyze ∼400,000 high-resolution, near-infrared (H-band) spectra of hot stars collected as calibration data for the APO Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey. We fit for the optical depths of telluric water vapor absorption features in APOGEE spectra and convert these optical depths to Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) using contemporaneous data from a GPS-based PWV monitoring station at APO. Based on simultaneous measurements obtained over a 3° field of view, we estimate that our PWV measurement precision is ±0.11 mm. We explore the statistics of PWV variations over a range of timescales from less than an hour to days. We find that the amplitude of PWV variations within an hour is less than 1 mm for most (96.5%) APOGEE field visits. By considering APOGEE observations that are close in time but separated by large distances on the sky, we find that PWV is homogeneous across the sky at a given epoch, with 90% of measurements taken up to 70° apart within 1.5 hr having ΔPWV < 1.0 mm. Our results can be used to help simulate the impact of water vapor absorption on upcoming surveys at continental observing sites like APO, and also to help plan for simultaneous water vapor metrology that may be carried out in support of upcoming photometric and spectroscopic surveys.
Effect of Resilience on Self-Perceived Stress and Experiences on Stress Symptoms A Surveillance Report

The objectives of the study were to examine the level of perceived stress, emotional syndromes and quality of life among students and evaluate if personal resources is associated with students' stress level. All students were invited to participate. Socio-demographic characteristics and outcome measures including students' physical and psychological well-being and their personal resource/resilience (optimism, perceived control and self-esteem) were assessed via validated self-reporting questionnaires. Although only half of the student participants experienced some form of emotional symptoms, about 86.8% of the students still reported to have endured higher to much higher than average level of perceived stress. Significantly higher level of perceived stress was experienced by engineering students and those with lesser level of (poorer) resilience. Stressed students reported to have significantly poorer physical, psychological, social and environmental health. Results indicated that personal resilience affect the level of perceived stress experienced, and in turn affecting students' general well-being and hence, quality of life. In conclusion, a high level of stress and psychological symptoms associated with poor personal resilience in withstanding stress, as well as poor quality of life and general health among students were reported. Regular monitoring students' stress level and implementing appropriate intervention are recommended.
A bit risky? A comparison between Bitcoin and other assets using an intraday Value at Risk approach

The promising cryptocurrency Bitcoin has attracted a lot of attention recently, but the high volatility of the Bitcoin price has so far been a barrier to widespread adoption. Given the way Bitcoin transactions work, users will be exposed to exchange rate risk even for short intraday horizons. This paper analyzes this risk, and compares it to more traditional assets, namely Gold and the Euro/USD exchange rate. To do this we make use of the recent literature on market risk measures for ultra-high-frequency data to construct an intraday Value at Risk measurement. This IVaR is based on a Monte Carlo simulation, where a log-ACD-ARMA-EGARCH model is used to describe the price movements. The results clearly indicate that for the intradaily horizon, Bitcoin is far more risky than Gold and Euro, which may challenge the applicability of Bitcoin as a medium of transaction. However in our opinion this risk is not large enough to outweigh the potential benefits that Bitcoin offers.
Theoretical insights to leadership based on systems thinking principles

The author attempts to summarize theoretically the relevance of the systems thinking principles to leadership. The analysis of theoretical sources was carried out under the principle of synthesised coherence. The methodology of systems thinking is inseparable from the philosophy of systems thinking, thus, the article presents the common theory of systems and the systems approach to the organization. It also includes an integration of theoretical insights. A new leadership conception has been formed, which is based on the systems thinking principles. Originality and value of the new conceptual framework for leadership is integration, which focuses on interactive relations among separate leadership foundations rather than on a separate aspect of leadership. The contents of the leadership foundations may be controlled, developed and supplemented with other results of empirical studies using a conceptual framework for leadership as a basis for development of system thinking.
SEISMIC ASSESSMENT OF MASONRY ROCKING COLUMNS AND FRAMES UNDER GROUND MOTION EXCITATIONS

In this study the seismic response of free standing, rocking columns and frames is investigated taking into account different intensity measures (IMs) of the seismic excitations. The seismic vulnerability of the examined structural systems is based on the probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDM), in which the degree of uncertainty is depended on the IM used. Thus 23 different IMs are evaluated in order to extract the most optimal one. A performance based analysis is performed and fragility curves are generated conditional on univariable and bi-variable IMs considering the maximum rotation normalized to the slenderness as engineering demand parameter (EDP). The seismic assessment of these structures is evaluated using three limit states. Nevertheless, in this study, the effect of the beams’ mass on the seismic rocking behavior of the frames is also examined. Finite element analysis models are used for the simulation of the structural members as deformable bodies while rigid contact elements are employed for the interfaces. Time domain analyses are performed using a set of 30 natural ground motions. Results in terms of correlation coefficients and dispersion values are first presented, indicated that the length scale of the excitation (Lm) and the vector value IM, PGV-Tm are the most optimal uni-variable and bi-variable IMs, for describing the rocking response. Further results in terms of peak rocking rotations and fragility curves shown that free standing frames are less vulnerable than the single columns. Moreover, as the beam mass increases, the developed rocking rotation of the frame tends to be reduced.
Investigation of rainfall microstructure and variability using vertically pointing radar and disdrometer

In this study variability in the drop size distribu- tion inside an area of 200 by 600 m is analyzed with a tempo- ral resolution of 30 s using 3 Micro Rain Radars/disdrometers and a 2D-Video Disdrometer. Comparison of the instruments at different temporal scales allowed the estimation of mea- surement errors and necessary integration time. Deviations resulting from spatial and temporal variability could success- fully be isolated from sampling effects and other errors. This opened the door for combining the instruments to measure inhomogeneity inside a volume corresponding to that illumi- nated by a conventional weather radar beam, and to study the temporal evolution of precipitation microstructure in single rain events.
Is Donors’ Concern About the Fungibility of Foreign Aid Justified?: A Panel Data Analysis

This paper addresses donors’ policy of providing external assistance to developing countries using an inter-temporal framework, over a finite horizon. While the framework adopted tracks the motivation of providing foreign aid, it is altogether consistent with the paradigm of forward-looking governments in developed economies. Given uncertainties surrounding income flows, and the gradual convergence towards generational accounting conventions in public finances of donor countries, an attempt is made to empirically ascertain whether foreign assistance is provided on a random basis or is backed by a systematic foreign aid policy. Our findings from a panel of 27 developing countries clearly contest the hypothesis that grants are provided on a random basis. This would otherwise suggest the existence of a consistent policy characterising granting behaviour, urging the need for recipient governments to incorporate grants in their budgetary decision-making.
COMPATIBILITY OF NATIVE POTENTIAL ANTAGONISTS WITH FUNGICIDES AND ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST CORTICIUM SALMONICOLOR, BERK & BR.THE INCITANT OF PINK CANKER

Seventeen native antagonists of fungal, bacterial and actinomycetes origin were isolated from phylloplane of pink canker apple branches collected from different regions of Himachal Pradesh. There in vitro evaluation revealed that seven antagonists comprising four fungal, two bacterial and one actinomycetes origin were quite effective against the pink canker (Corticium salmonicolor). Further compatibility studies of these antagonists with effective fungicides and plant oils indicated that five antagonist’s viz., T. harzianum, T. viride. Pseudomonas sp. B. subtilis and Actinomycetes were compatible with commonly recommended fungicide viz., zineb + hexaconazole (Avtar). Another effective fungicide hexaconazole (0.05%) was compatible with T. hamatum but incompatible with T. harzianum (86.10%), T. koningi (42.57%) and T. viride (17.34%). Azoxystrobin (0.05%) was compatible with T. koningi, T. harzianum, Pseudomonas sp. B. subtilis and Actinomycetes sp. Among effective plant oils three viz., Brassica juncea var. cunefolia, Olea europea and Azadirachta indica @0.05 per cent were compatible with all effective antagonists under in vitro conditions. These potential native antagonists can further be incorporated in IDM programme to develop suitable management strategies to combat pink canker in apple.
The scientific adequacy of the present state of knowledge concerning neurotoxins in aircraft cabin air

The problem examined in this paper, and indeed throughout the Workshop, of which this paper is just part, is derived from the fact that aircraft cabins (comprising spaces for aircrew and passengers) have to be pressurized to allow them to fly at high altitudes. Early jet airliners such as the Vickers VC10 took in air from outside and it was compressed using conventional compressors. Later on the system of bleeding air off the jet engines was developed. This obviously opens up the possibility of some contamination from the engine entering the cabin atmosphere.1 Since in most aircraft the air is bled off the forward part of the compressor, the main expected contaminant is lubricating oil. Seals provide a barrier for oil leaking into the turbine, but near the end of a maintenance cycle, or simply due to poor maintenance, seal parts might become worn and allow oil to leak more readily. Furthermore, some oil seals incorporate a thin film of oil as part of the barrier, and seals may work less well when cold, just after starting the engine.2 The oil used to lubricate jet engines (and, more generally, gas turbines) is not a simple long chain hydrocarbon but typically an ester (to allow it to withstand the high temperatures in the engine), to which a few percent of antiwear and antioxidant compounds are added.3 The most useful antiwear additive has been found The scientific adequacy of the present state of knowledge concerning neurotoxins in aircraft cabin air
THE AGILE APPROACH IN INDUSTRIAL AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PROJECT MANAGEMENT

The paper presents the agile approach in industrial engineering and discusses similar ways of agile development in different disciplines. Societal changes and technological innovation brought significant changes in the market, leading to highly demanding users and frequent changes in product design. Agile is implemented in different disciplines as a response to current changes in the market. Industry 4.0 as part of 'High-Tech Strategy 2020 for Germany' involves agile principles and brings latest technological trends in production process. Agile framework was firstly used in manufacturing but along with that it started to develop as a lightweight framework in software development. Agile is interdisciplinary and brings flexibility to organization. For successful implementation of agile principles, experiences and recommendations from all the industries should be used.
Field Comparison of Soil Moisture Sensing Using Neutron Thermalization, Frequency Domain, Tensiometer, and Granular Matrix Sensor Devices: Relevance to Precision Irrigation

The efficient use of irrigation water requires several kinds of information. One element of efficient irrigation scheduling is monitoring the soil moisture to assure that the crop irrigation goals are being met. Various soil moisture sensing devices were tested for irrigation scheduling in silt loam at the Malheur Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University between 2001 and 2004. Neutron probes, frequency domain probes, tensiometers, granular matrix sensors, and Irrigas were compared as to their performance under field conditions at Ontario, Oregon, USA. Granular matrix sensors were tested as read automatically by a datalogger and read manually with a hand-held meter. Practical suggestions are provided to use soil moisture sensors to the benefit of crop production and water conservation.
Water circulation forecasting in Spanish harbours

This paper describes the first harbour circulation forecasting system implemented in Spain. The configuration design was based on previous analyses of the morphologic and hydrodynamic behaviour of three harbours: Barcelona, Tarragona and Bilbao. A nested system of oceanic models was implemented, with a scope ranging from the regional scale (with a mean horizontal resolution of 5 km) to the harbour scale (with a mean horizontal resolution of 40 m). A set of sensitivity tests was carried out in order to determine the optimal configurations. The results of the operational system were compared with available observations, revealing that the intermediate models are able to reproduce the averaged hydrodynamic behaviour but not the spatio-temporal variability. With the harbour models the quality of the forecasts improves, reaching a correlation and RMSE of ~0.6 and 6 cm s –1 , respectively, for Bilbao harbour. In addition, numerical experiments were carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of the forecasts to error sources. The results suggest that the errors in the information prescribed in the lateral boundary conditions are the most influential in the quality of the predictions. Errors in the wind field also have a smaller but non-negligible influence. Although the system is in the initial implementation phase and should be improved upon in the future, it is now a useful tool for harbour management. The predictions will be very helpful for harbour operations, pollution risk management and fighting oil spills.
Information and Market Power in Rational Expectations Equilibrium

We study demand function competition in small markets. We follow the payo structure found in Vives (2011), we consider N agents with quadratic payos and uncertainty over their marginal valuation of a divisible good. We study how the information structure aects the outcome of the Bayes Nash equilibrium in which agents compete in demand functions. We study the eects of the information structure along two dimensions. First, we analyze how the endogenous information in prices aects the set of feasible outcomes. We do this by comparing how the set of feasible outcomes under demand function competition compares with the set of feasible outcomes under Cournot competition. Second, we study how the information structure changes the market power agents have in equilibrium. Methodologically speaking, we dene a solution concept which we call correlated REE. This is the natural extension of Bayes Correlated equilibrium, as it is dened by Bergemann and Morris (2013), but to
Ecology and decay pattern of Phellinus robustus in old-growth Quercus robur

The biology of Phellinus robustus (P. Karst.) Bourdot & Galzin (Hymenochaetales) was studied on Quercus robur L. in Lithuania, based on 677 host trees. Basidiocarp occurrence related to the diameter of the oaks and spatial distribution of basidiocarps on the trees are presented. Distribution of decay in eight sectioned, 110-175 year-old oaks showed one to three 0.1-5.8 m long, vertically separated rot columns. egetative compatibility tests indicated that each rot column was made up of a single genet of P robustus and that the rot columns in the eight studied trees represented different genets . Infection routes, parasitic and saprotrophic behaviour, age of basidiocarps, forestry and biodiversity aspects are discussed. Illustrations show geographical distribution of the species in Lithuania, distribution of infected oaks in an old oak stand, frequency of infected trees related to diameter of the trunks, and distribution of decay in longitudinal and cross sections of trunks. Colour photos show distribution of white rot in the substrate, aerial mycelium on sectioned wood, and confrontation tests between cultivated mycelia of the same and different genets.
Lower Leg Flaps Comparison Between Free Versus Local Flaps

Background: In lower leg defects with bone, hardware, or articular joint exposure, a free tissue transfer is often the only valuable option. However, in well-selected clinical cases, local flaps are still indicated because they provide an alternative for the more demanding and risky microsurgical procedure. Methods: Twenty-six muscle flaps (performed in 26 patients) were reviewed retrospectively and compared with a series of 24 free flaps (23 patients) for lower leg reconstruction of almost similar indications. All patients with defects less than 25 cm2, peripheral vascular disease, deep defects, and osteomyelitis were excluded in order to obtain the same surgical indications . Also excluded were cases which needed split skin graft. Results: The overall surgical results were comparable, but more medical complications, a longer operative time, and a longer hospital stay were seen in the free muscle group. Conclusions: Free flap coverage is not mandatory to cover bone in the lower leg. The non-free flap can provide a good alternative for free flap coverage. This flap seems to have fewer medical complications, requires a shorter operative time and hospital stay, and can provide better aesthetic results than a free muscle flap depending upon selection of cases. Presented at the Sir Peter Feyer Memorial meeting of surgery, in Galway, Ireland, Sep1 to Sep 2, 2006,