Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Refleksi Perataan Laba terhadap Respon Pasar

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence, examine and explain the effect of companies that implement income smoothing towards the market response, with voluntary disclosure as moderating variables. This study uses the secondary data of 143 manufacturing companies that go public in BEI (Indonesian Stock Exchange) during 2011-2015. This research variables include income smoothing as an independent variable, the market response is proxies by Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) as the dependent variable and voluntary disclosure is moderating variable. The data analysis methods is regression with single moderating variable. The study finds that income smoothing affects the market response both individually and partially. The results also reveal that earnings information delivered on the date of the announcement was responded positively by investors. However, the presentation of the full report in the form of voluntary disclosure actually reduces the market response to earnings at the date of announcement. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh bukti empirik, menguji dan menjelaskan pengaruh perusahaan yang melakukan income smoothing terhadap respon pasar dengan voluntary disclosure sebagai variabel pemoderasi pada perusahaan manufaktur yang go public di BEI tahun 2011-2015 sebanyak 143 perusahaan. Variable penelitian ini income smoothing sebagai variabel bebas, respon pasar diproksikan dengan Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) sebagai variabel terikat dan voluntary disclosure adalah variabel moderasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan regresi dengan variabel moderasi tunggal. Income smoothing secara individu dan parsial berpengaruh terhadap respon pasar. Laba yang disampaikan pada tanggal pengumuman direspon positif oleh investor. Namun demikian penyajian laporan secara lengkap dalam bentuk voluntary disclosure justru mengurangi respon pasar terhadap laba pada tanggal pengumuman.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and biomarkers of neurodegeneration

Objective: Our objective was to investigate whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) influences neurodegeneration in a manner similar to Alzheimer disease (AD), by promoting brain β-amyloid (Aβ) or tau. Methods: We studied the cross-sectional associations of T2DM with cortical thickness, brain Aβ load, and CSF levels of Aβ and tau in a sample of people from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative with diagnoses of AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and normal cognition. All (n = 816) received MRI, and a subsample underwent brain amyloid imaging (n = 102) and CSF Aβ and tau measurements (n = 415). Analyses were performed across and within cognitive diagnostic strata. Results: There were 124 people with T2DM (mean age 75.5 years) and 692 without T2DM (mean age 74.1 years). After adjusting for age, sex, total intracranial volume, APO ε4 status, and cognitive diagnosis, T2DM was associated with lower bilateral frontal and parietal cortical thickness (mL) (β = −0.03, p = 0.01). T2DM was not associated with 11C Pittsburgh compound B standardized uptake value ratio (AU) in any brain region or with CSF Aβ42 levels (pg/mL). T2DM was associated with greater CSF total tau (pg/mL) (β = 16.06, p = 0.04) and phosphorylated tau (β = 5.84, p = 0.02). The association between T2DM and cortical thickness was attenuated by 15% by the inclusion of phosphorylated tau. Conclusions: T2DM may promote neurodegeneration independent of AD dementia diagnosis, and its effect may be driven by tau phosphorylation. The mechanisms through which T2DM may promote tau phosphorylation deserve further study.
Combined Loadings and Cross-Dimensional Loadings Timeliness of Presentation of Financial Statements of Local Government

This study examines the pattern of readiness dimensional accuracy of financial statements of local government in North Sumatra with a routine pattern of two (2) months after the fiscal year ends and patterns of at least 3 (three) months after the fiscal year ends. This type of research is explanatory survey with quantitative methods. The population and the sample used is of local government officials serving local government financial reports. Combined Analysis And Cross-Loadings Loadings are used with statistical tools WarpPLS. The results showed that there was a pattern that varies above dimensional accuracy of the financial statements of local government in North Sumatra.
Morpho-syntactic processing of Arabic plurals after aphasia: dissecting lexical meaning from morpho-syntax within word boundaries

Within the domain of inflectional morpho-syntax, differential processing of regular and irregular forms has been found in healthy speakers and in aphasia. One view assumes that irregular forms are retrieved as full entities, while regular forms are compiled on-line. An alternative view holds that a single mechanism oversees regular and irregular forms. Arabic offers an opportunity to study this phenomenon, as Arabic nouns contain a consonantal root, delivering lexical meaning, and a vocalic pattern, delivering syntactic information, such as gender and number. The aim of this study is to investigate morpho-syntactic processing of regular (sound) and irregular (broken) Arabic plurals in patients with morpho-syntactic impairment. Three participants with acquired agrammatic aphasia produced plural forms in a picture-naming task. We measured overall response accuracy, then analysed lexical errors and morpho-syntactic errors, separately. Error analysis revealed different patterns of morpho-syntactic errors depending on the type of pluralization (sound vs broken). Omissions formed the vast majority of errors in sound plurals, while substitution was the only error mechanism that occurred in broken plurals. The dissociation was statistically significant for retrieval of morpho-syntactic information (vocalic pattern) but not for lexical meaning (consonantal root), suggesting that the participants' selective impairment was an effect of the morpho-syntax of plurals. These results suggest that irregular plurals forms are stored, while regular forms are derived. The current findings support the findings from other languages and provide a new analysis technique for data from languages with non-concatenative morpho-syntax.
The family environment as a moderator of psychosocial outcomes following traumatic brain injury in young children.

OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether the family environment moderates psychosocial outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in young children. METHOD Participants were recruited prospectively from consecutive hospital admissions of 3- to 6-year-old children, and included 19 with severe TBI, 56 with complicated mild/moderate TBI, and 99 with orthopedic injuries (OI). They completed 4 assessments across the first 18 months postinjury. The initial assessment included measures of parenting style, family functioning, and the quality of the home. Children's behavioral adjustment, adaptive functioning, and social competence were assessed at each occasion. Mixed model analyses examined the relationship of the family environment to psychosocial outcomes across time. RESULTS The OI and TBI groups differed significantly in social competence, but the family environment did not moderate the group difference, which was of medium magnitude. In contrast, group differences in behavioral adjustment became more pronounced across time at high levels of authoritarian and permissive parenting; among children with severe TBI, however, even those with low levels of permissive parenting showed increases in behavioral problems. For adaptive functioning, better home environments provided some protection following TBI, but not over time for the severe TBI group. These 3-way interactions of group, family environment, and time postinjury were all of medium magnitude. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that the family environment moderates the psychosocial outcomes of TBI in young children, but the moderating influence may wane with time among children with severe TBI.
Effect of route of inoculation on experimental respiratory viral disease in volunteers and evidence for airborne transmission.

INTRODUCTION Initiation of respiratory viral infection, with some possible exceptions, appears to depend upon deposition of infectious virus at some point on the respiratory tract. There appear to be two possible mechanisms of transmission, contact or airborne. The former term is meant to refer to transfer of virus by physical contact between an infected and a susceptible subject, or indirectly through personal articles or fomites. Transmission by this route would result in deposition of virus predominantly in the nasopharynx. Airborne transmission is intended to mean transfer of infection by means of small-particle aerosols (11, 16). These particles are the evaporated residues of infected respiratory secretions which are of such small size (mostly less than 5 .t in diameter) that they will remain airborne for long periods of time. As a function of their small size, such droplets, when inhaled, 1 Present address: Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 2Present address: Washington University College of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo. deposit predominantly in the lower respiratory tract. Particles between 5 and 15 1A to 20 1i in diameter represent an intermediate stage, and most particles in this size range will be trapped in the nose, although some will penetrate to below the larynx. (Lower respiratory tract will refer to that portion of the respiratory tract below the larynx.) Still larger particles may be produced by coughing and sneezing, etc., but since, because of their large size, they do not produce stable aerosols, transmission will ordinarily occur only by direct impaction on the nasopharynx of persons in the immediate vicinity of an infected case. Such transmission would be difficult to distinguish from that resulting from contact, and is best considered under this category. This report will describe studies of the transmission of respiratory viral diseases which were a joint undertaking of the U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Md. , and the Laboratory of Clinical Investigations, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md.
Topology and Membrane Anchoring of the Lysosomal Storage Disease‐Related Protein CLN5

One late infantile variant of the neurodegenerative disease neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is caused by a mutation in the CLN5 gene. CLN5 encodes a lysosomal glycoprotein whose structure and function have not yet been clearly defined. In the present study, we used epitope‐tagged CLN5 to determine the topology and solubility of the CLN5 protein. Our results indicated that CLN5 is synthesized as a type II transmembrane (TM) glycoprotein with a cytoplasmic N‐terminus, one TM segment, and a large luminal C‐terminal domain containing an amphipathic helix (AH). The cytoplasmic and TM domains were rapidly removed following signal‐peptide cleavage, and the resulting mature CLN5 was tightly associated with the lumen of the membrane through the AH. CLN5 pathological mutants deprived of AH lose their membrane association, are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, and are rapidly degraded by the proteasomal machinery. We experimentally define the topology of CLN5 and demonstrate the existence of an AH that anchors the protein to the membrane. Our work sheds light on the basic properties of CLN5 required to better understand its biological functions and involvement in NCL pathogenesis.
Hepatic and gastrointestinal effects in an occupational cohort exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin.

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of occupational exposure to substances contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) on the liver and gastrointestinal system. DESIGN A medical survey. PARTICIPANTS The exposed participants were employed at two chemical plants more than 15 years earlier in the manufacture of sodium trichlorophenol and its derivatives. The reference group consisted of individuals with no occupational exposure to phenoxy herbicides and who lived within the communities of the workers. A total of 281 workers and 260 unexposed referents participated in the medical study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The workers had substantial exposure to substances contaminated with TCDD, as evidenced by a mean serum TCDD level, lipid adjusted, of 220 pg per gram of lipid compared with a mean of 7 pg per gram of lipid in the referents. Compared with the unexposed reference group, workers had a statistically significantly elevated risk for an out-of-range gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level (odds ratio, 2.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.17 to 4.39 [unadjusted for confounders]). In multivariate analyses run with logistic regression, a statistically significant interaction was found between TCDD exposure and lifetime alcohol consumption, indicating that the elevated risk for an out-of-range GGT was confined to those workers with a history of alcohol consumption and that the risk among the alcohol-consuming workers for an out-of-range GGT increased with increasing TCDD level. No difference was found between workers and referents for any of the other liver and gastrointestinal outcomes of interest. CONCLUSIONS This study found no evidence of an elevated risk for clinical hepatic or gastrointestinal disease in a group of workers with high exposure to TCDD. However, TCDD-exposed workers with a history of sufficient alcohol consumption were found to have a statistically significantly elevated risk for an out-of-range GGT compared with referents.
Rapamycin protects testes against germ cell apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by testicular ischemia-reperfusion

Objective(s): Rapamycin is an immunosuppressant compound with a broad spectrum of pharmaco-logical activities. In recent years, it has been used successfully to decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury in several organ systems. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of rapamycin on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control (group1), sham-operated (Group2), T/D + DMSO as vehicle group (group3), and groups 4–6; respectively received 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mgkg-1 of rapamycin, IP 30 min before detorsion. Ischemia was achieved by twisting the right testis 720° clockwise for 1 hr. The right testis of 6 animals from each group were excised 4 hr after detorsion for the measurement of lipid peroxidation, caspase-3, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Histopathological changes and germ cell apoptosis were determined by measuring mean of seminiferous tubules diameters (MSTD) and TUNEL test in right testis of 6 animals per group, 24 hr after detorsion. Results: Testicular T/D caused increases in the apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 levels and decreases in the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in ipsilateral testis (P<0.001). The rats treated with rapamycin had significant decreases in the MDA and caspase-3 levels and significant increases in the SOD, CAT and GPx activities in ipsilateral testis compared with the T/D group (P<0.001); germ cell apoptosis was decreased, and MSTD was improved. Conclusion: Rapamycin administration during testicular torsion decreased ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) cellular damage.
Corporate social responsibility: a boon or bane for innovative firms?

Abstract In today’s dynamic business landscape, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is considered as an important strategic initiative for attaining sustainable competitive advantage. The present study aims to examine (i) the influence of consumer’s perceived firm innovativeness (CPFI) and consumer trust on perceived CSR activities of the firm and (ii) the mediating role of perceived CSR in the relationship between (iia) consumer’s perceived firm innovativeness and purchase intention (iib) consumer trust and purchase intention. Four hypotheses were tested with the primary data (n = 287) collected through a structured questionnaire. The regression analysis revealed that CPFI and consumer trust have direct positive impacts on the perceived CSR. Further, perceived CSR mediates the relationship between CPFI and purchase intention. However, perceived CSR does not play a mediating role between Consumer Trust and Purchase Intention. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that engagement in the CSR activities tend to reduce the perceived risk associated with innovation and consequently, influence the purchase intention among consumers. Theoretical and managerial implications are further discussed.
Examining the effects of combining self-explanation principles with an educational game on learning science concepts

Educational researchers have indicated that although computer games have the potential to promote students’ motivation and engagement, the work on how to design effective games that fulfil educational purposes is still in its infancy. This study aimed to examine how integration of self-explanation into a computer game affected primary schoolers’ acquisition of light and shadow concepts. The participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group and played a computer game with or without self-explanation prompts individually as a treatment. Students’ conceptual understanding was evaluated through a pretest and a posttest administered right after the treatment. The results revealed that by controlling the pretest scores, students who played the game with self-explanation features did not outperform those who played the game without any prompts in the posttest. Further analyses of the experimental group students’ responses to the self-explanation prompts also indicated that the students with more correct responses to the prompts did not perform better than those with lower accuracy rates. The deficits in the use of self-explanation prompts are identified, and possible improvements to enhance the function of self-explanation in educational games are proposed.
Depletion of membrane cholesterol eliminates the Ca2+‐activated component of outward potassium current and decreases membrane capacitance in rat uterine myocytes

Changes in membrane cholesterol content have potent effects on cell signalling and contractility in rat myometrium and other smooth muscles. We have previously shown that depletion of cholesterol with methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (MCD) disrupts caveolar microdomains. The aim of this work was to determine the mechanism underlying the increase in Ca2+ signalling and contractility occurring in the myometrium with MCD. Patch clamp data obtained on freshly isolated myocytes from the uterus of day 19–21 rats showed that outward K+ current was significantly reduced by MCD. Membrane capacitance was also reduced. Cholesterol‐saturated MCD had no effect on the amplitude of outward current suggesting that the reduction in the outward current was due to cholesterol depletion induced by MCD rather than a direct inhibitory action of MCD on the K+ channels. Confocal visualization of the membrane bound indicator Calcium Green C18, revealed internalization of the surface membrane with MCD treatment. Large conductance, Ca2+‐sensitive K+ channel proteins have been shown to localize to caveolae. When these channels were blocked by iberiotoxin outward current was significantly reduced in the uterine myocytes; MCD treatment reduced the density of outward current. Following reduction of outward current by MCD pretreatment, iberiotoxin was unable to produce any additional decrease in the current, suggesting a common target. MCD treatment also increased the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous rises in cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i transients) in isolated myocytes. In intact rat myometrium, MCD treatment increased Ca2+ signalling and contractility, consistent with previous findings, and this effect was also found to be reduced by BK channel inhibition. These data suggest that (1) disruption of cholesterol‐rich microdomains and caveolae by MCD leads to a decrease in the BK channel current thus increasing cell excitability, and (2) the changes in membrane excitability produced by MCD underlie the changes found in Ca2+ signalling and uterine contractility.
Evaluation of the use of tomography in penetrating neck trauma.

OBJECTIVE the study has the intention of evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography for the diagnosis of cervical lesions on penetrating neck trauma and also identify the most frequent mechanisms of trauma. Most injured structures, determine the age range and the most prevalent sex. METHODS observational descriptive retrospective study executed by the systematic retrospective review of medical records of all patients victims of penetrating neck trauma that went through surgery and CT scans, admitted into Hospital do Trabalhador, between January 2009 and December 2013. RESULTS the final sample was of 30 patients, 96.7% of the male sex, the median age was of 28 years old. Most patients suffered injuries by gun (56.7%) and 33,3% suffered stab wounds. The most stricken area of the neck was Zone II (77.8%) and the left side (55.2%). Regarding the structures injured, the CT showed 6.7% lesions on airways but the surgery showed 40% of damaged, with a value of p=0.002. As to damages of the esophagus and pharynx the CT detected 10% of lesions, while surgery found 30% of lesions, therefore with a significant value of p=0.013. As for the analysis the CT showed reliable. As for the analysis of vascular damage, the CT showed to be, in most cases, reliable to the findings during the surgical act. CONCLUSION besides the great use of CT for the diagnosis of penetrating neck injuries we can say that this is an exam with low accuracy for the diagnosis of lesions of aerodigestive tract, therefore it is important a clinical correlation for a good diagnosis.as for the vascular lesions and of other structures, the CT had high sensibility and specificity, thus a good exam to be used in overall.
Free Erythrocyte Copro‐ and Protoporphyrin A Methodological and Clinical Study

A method for the simultaneous determination of free erythrocyte coproand protoporphyrin is described. Coproporphyrin is determined fluorometrically after a final extraction with 0.24 N HCl, while protoporphyrin is determined spectrophotometrically after a final extraction with 5 N HC1. The details of the analysis have been investigated and recovery experiments performed. Since losses of porphyrins always occurred, suitable corrective equations were used. The nature of the extracted porphyrins was checked. Protoporphyrin was identified in the 5 N HC1 extracts. In the 0.34N HC1 extracts, the identity of coproporphyrin could be experimentally corroborated. In healthy male adults, the mean concentration of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin was found to be 30 pg % and that of coproporphyrin 1.3 pg %. The corresponding mean values in females were 37 pg% and 1.2 pg %. Divergent values were found in early infancy. In cord blood, the content of free protoporphyrin was 54 pg% and that of coproporphyrin 3.8 pg %. During the first week of life, the latter concentration decreased rapidly; in infants 1-2 weeks old, the mean concentration was down to 0.9 pg%. The free protoporphyrin remained nearly unchanged during the first four months of life. After that, fluctuating values supervened. Beginning about the age of one year, the values approached those for normal adults. The free protoporphyrin has also been studied in erythrocytes from iron deficiency patients before and during iron therapy. The protoporphyrin concentration decreased considerably during treatment. In plasma,, a coproporphyrin-like pigment has been found. The mean concentration in adult plasma corresponded to 0.8 pg coproporphyrin per 100 ml. In cord blood plasma, the concentration corresponded to 1.5 pg per 100 ml. The findings are discussed and put in relation with other known physiological processes during infancy. The conclusion is drawn that erythrocytes of the very young infant deal with the free protoporphyrin in a dissimilar manner from that of the adult's erythrocytes.