Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A preliminary exploration of the effects of rational factors and behavioral biases on the managerial choice to invest in corporate responsibility

We explore a possible decision-making process in which mixes of rational and non‐rational factors affect the choice made by a firm's management to invest in corporate responsibility. We propose that the rational factors affecting the decision‐makers' investment choice are: (a) moral choice; (b) risk management; (c) consequential changes that would be required in corporate structure or production processes; and (d) long‐term versus short‐term considerations. The non‐rational behavioral biases that we suggest affecting the decision‐makers' investment choice are: (a) attitude to risk, (b) status quo bias, (c) subjective discounting, and (d) myopic loss‐aversion. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of Uterine Fibroid among Adolescent School Girls In Calabar Nigeria

Uterine fibroid, also referred to as leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour of the uterus occurring in women but reported as rare in the adolescent. Lately, there has been an increase in reported cases among teenagers. This study aims at documenting the prevalence of uterine fibroid among adolescent schoolgirls in Calabar and recommending timely specialist advice and care where the need arises. Adolescent secondary schoolgirls aged 10 to 19years whose parents or guardians gave consent had pelvic ultrasound scan done. A prevalence of 0.05% was calculated. It is concluded that the prevalence of uterine fibroid is low among adolescent schoolgirls in Calabar. Keyword-Adolescent,Prevalence, Schoolgirls,Uterine Fibroid
Power efficient design of parallel/serial FIR filters in RNS

It is well known that the Residue Number System (RNS) provides an efficient implementation of parallel FIR filters especially when the filter order and the dynamic range are high. The two main drawbacks of RNS, need of converters and coding overhead, make a serialized implementation of the FIR filter potentially disadvantageous with respect to filters implemented in the conventional number systems. In this work, we show a number of solutions which demonstrate that the power efficiency of RNS FIR filters implemented serially is maintained in ASIC technology, while in modern FPGA technology RNS implementations are less efficient.
Black Sea and World Wheat Market Price Integration Analysis

type="main" xml:lang="fr"> Au cours de la periode 2008–2010, la Russie et l'Ukraine combinees ont exporte annuellement en moyenne 29 millions de tonnes de ble et sont devenues des acteurs importants sur le marche mondial du ble. Dans la presente etude, nous resumons la dynamique des prix du ble a court et a long terme entre l'Ukraine et la Russie ainsi qu'entre d'autres grands exportateurs de ble, dont les Etats-Unis, l'Union europeenne et le Canada, pour la periode 2004–2010. A cette fin, nous avons effectue des tests de co-integration des prix du marche (test de co-integration de Johansen par la methode du maximum de vraisemblance et tests de specification appliques aux residus) et nous avons utilise des modeles a correction d'erreur. Les resultats de notre etude indiquent que les prix du ble russe etaient co-integres avec les prix du ble europeen (Union europeenne) et americain, mais qu'ils ne l’etaient pas avec les prix du ble canadien. Les prix du ble ukrainien etaient co-integres avec les prix du ble francais uniquement. Les elasticites de transmission de long terme des prix du ble ont ete estimees a 1,04 entre les prix du ble russe et francais (la France etant un pays representatif de l'Union europeenne), a 1,16 entre les prix du ble russe et americain, et a 1,05 entre les prix du ble ukrainien et francais. Nos resultats indiquent egalement que la relation de court terme entre les series co-integrees etait statistiquement significative. Les ajustements de prix de tous les prix co-integres se sont reveles symetriques.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance: A Moderating Effect of Work Status in Restaurant Employees

As the number of part-time employees continually increases in the United States, it is critical to know how employment status affects employees' attitudes and behaviors for organizational success as the employee plays the key role in the delivery of quality guest service and customer retention. The main goal of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of work status on the relationship between organizational and supervisor support, organizational commitment, citizen behaviors, and employee performance. Nearly 300 employees working in the restaurant industry were asked to participate in this study. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the four hypotheses proposed to investigate the objectives. The results indicate that there are stronger effects on employees' commitment and organizational commitment on citizenship behaviors among part-time employees than full-time workers. This finding implies that part-time employees should not be treated as perishable workers.
Foreign Competition and Domestic Industry Profitability

R ECENT studies investigating the variability in inter-industry profit rates largely ignore the influence of actual and potential foreign competition [2, 5, 6, 15, 171. This paper examines the influence of foreign competition on industry profitability and concludes that such competition, as represented by the level of imports, appears to exert a significant and negative effect on industry profit rates. The evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that less restrictive trade policies encourage more competitive pricing behavior in domestic industries. Section I of this paper develops the analytical framework within which to view potential foreign competition. Section II describes the model and presents the major empirical results. Section III discusses the implications of the empirical results with respect to foreign trade policies.
[The quality of life in developing age subjects with chronic renal diseases].

AIM Renal pathologies have an hard impact on ill children's life style, psychic and physical development. In the last years, even if medical cures allowed these children to live longer and to have a better quality of life, today both their families and themselves have to face a lot of difficulties due to the kind of pathology. These children show behaviour troubles, bad sociability, aggressiveness, poor school performance, anxiety and depression, and then the subjects with chronic renal failure show a retard in neurological and cognitive development. In this study we evaluated the impact that the chronic renal illness has on children and adolescents' quality life. METHODS For this study, we have used the Impact of Childhood Illness Scale. It includes 30 questions that value 4 aspects of the child and family's life style: illness and its treatment, impact on the child, impact on parents and impact on the family. For every question, it considers the frequency of the problem and the degree of the worry that it causes. We gave the questionnaire to 47 couples of parents' children who are suffering from chronic renal diseases (19 subjects with nephrotic syndrome, 7 with chronic glomerulenephritis, 10 with chronic renal failure, 5 dialysed, 6 with kidney transplant). All parents compiled the questionnaire. RESULTS The obtained results showed that developing age subjects, who are affected by chronic renal diseases, can have emotional and behavioural difficulties that have an effect on subject and on his family. Their parents live in a continuous stress state because chronic pain and anxiety cause depression, a sense of inadequacy and frustration. CONCLUSIONS As in every chronic physical illness, the sick child and his family are obliged to face a series of physical, behavioural and emotional changes. Besides, they are faced by possible collateral effects of the illness and of its treatments on development.
Famines in historical perspective.

This paper presents a challenge to the Malthusian view that historically famines have been a consequence of overpopulation relative to available resources. The Malthusian paradigm has been used to explain periods of population stability in the past and to account for modern population growth once subsistence crises were no longer a threat. Using premodern Asian populations as a model the sequence of demographic changes that could be expected to have accompanied and followed famines in the past are simulated in this paper. Critical to an assessment of the demographic importance of famine is an understanding of the time it takes for a population to recover: the shorter the time to achieve prefamine population size the more frequent famines would have to be to serve as a check to population growth. The information used in this simulation of the consequences of famine includes the age composition of the population at the time the crisis began and the magnitude duration and age pattern of changes in fertility and mortality rates when the crisis was over. The simulation results suggest that the only way famines and other mortality crises could have been a major deterrent to longterm population growth is if they occurred with frequency and severity far exceeding that recorded in history. The simulations indicate that the low rate of natural increase set by normal levels of fertility and mortality constitutes a more plausible explanation for the longterm slow growth of large populations in the past. Moreover the control of normal mortality is most likely responsible for the onset of modern population growth. In general famines were sufficiently localized and brief that their demographic impact was modest and even relatively low rates of natural increase quickly erased their impact. Unless famine intensities increase greatly there is little likelihood that famines will be a major determinant of population growth in the future. Overall the social and economic effects of famines have probably been more farreaching than their demographic impact.
Osteoarthritis of the knee: association between clinical features and MR imaging findings.

PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate the association between clinical features and structural abnormalities found at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the institutional medical ethics review board. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient. MR images of the knee were obtained from 205 (42 [20%] men, 163 [80%] women; median age, 60 years; range, 43-77 years) patients in whom symptomatic OA at multiple joint sites was diagnosed. MR images were analyzed for various abnormalities of OA. All patients were interviewed concerning pain and stiffness in the knee that was imaged. Odds ratios (ORs) with 99% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine the association between the imaging findings and clinical features of OA. RESULTS A large joint effusion was associated with pain (OR, 9.99; 99% CI: 1.28, 149) and stiffness (OR, 4.67; 99% CI: 1.26, 26.1). The presence of an osteophyte in the patellofemoral compartment (OR, 2.25; 99% CI: 1.06, 4.77) was associated with pain. All other imaging findings, including focal or diffuse cartilaginous abnormalities, subchondral cysts, bone marrow edema, subluxation of the meniscus, meniscal tears, or Baker cysts, were not associated with symptoms. CONCLUSION Findings of this study indicate that only two associations exist between clinical symptoms and structural findings found on MR images in patients with OA of the knee.
The influence of time perspective on cervical cancer screening among Latinas in the United States

To develop effective interventions to increase cervical cancer screening among Latinas, we should understand the role of cultural factors, such as time perspective, in the decision to be screened. We examined the relation between present time orientation, future time orientation, and self-reported cervical cancer screening among Latinas. A group of 206 Latinas completed a survey measuring factors associated with screening. Logistic regression analyses revealed that future time orientation was significantly associated with self-reported screening. Understanding the influence of time orientation on cervical cancer screening will assist us in developing interventions that effectively target time perspective and screening.
Predictors of Employment of Men With HIV/AIDS: A Longitudinal Study

Objective To identify patterns and predictors of work status and number of hours employed in a group of men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Methods A total of 141 participants had semiannual neuropsychiatric, psychosocial, and medical assessments over a period of 30 months. These six occasions provided the basis for identifying patterns of employment (part-time, full-time, or unemployed). Those who completed neuropsychological testing, introduced at visit 4, constitute the sample used to identify predictors of number of hours employed, using multiple regression analysis with mixed procedure. Results Over 30 months, 20% were continuously employed full-time, another 9% were continuously employed part-time, and 40% were continuously unemployed. Employment status changed for 31%: 4% who worked at baseline stopped, 13% started or increased their hours, 8% decreased their hours, and 6% showed a fluctuating pattern. The major parameters consistently associated with unemployment or partial employment, in order of influence, were financial (disability benefits), psychiatric (past/current diagnosis of major depression and/or dysthymia), medical (physical limitations), cognitive (executive function), and education. In contrast, age, ethnicity, laboratory markers of HIV illness status, vocational rank, and past or current substance dependence did not predict work status. Conclusions Overall, those who worked continued to work. However, despite improved health, most men who were unemployed at study baseline did not return to work. Structure of disability benefits, lifetime depressive disorder, physical limitations, and impairment in some areas of cognitive function each appear to represent significant barriers to work. Returning to work is evidently difficult, and clinicians may keep this in mind when recommending leaving work unless medically necessary. Specific interventions and policy changes regarding disability benefits may be needed to promote return to work for people with HIV/AIDS whose health is restored and who contemplate re-employment.
Methodology and technology for peripheral and central blood pressure and blood pressure variability measurement: current status and future directions – Position statement of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on blood pressure monitoring and cardiovascular variability

Office blood pressure measurement has been the basis for hypertension evaluation for almost a century. However, the evaluation of blood pressure out of the office using ambulatory or self-home monitoring is now strongly recommended for the accurate diagnosis in many, if not all, cases with suspected hypertension. Moreover, there is evidence that the variability of blood pressure might offer prognostic information that is independent of the average blood pressure level. Recently, advancement in technology has provided noninvasive evaluation of central (aortic) blood pressure, which might have attributes that are additive to the conventional brachial blood pressure measurement. This position statement, developed by international experts, deals with key research and practical issues in regard to peripheral blood pressure measurement (office, home, and ambulatory), blood pressure variability, and central blood pressure measurement. The objective is to present current achievements, identify gaps in knowledge and issues concerning clinical application, and present relevant research questions and directions to investigators and manufacturers for future research and development (primary goal).
The Conceptualization and Effect of Control Beliefs on Exercise Attendance in the Elderly

The purpose of the study was to compare the relative merits of two approaches to the measurement of perceived behavioral control for the prediction of attendance in an exercise program in an elderly population. The first approach was to conceptualize perceived behavioral control in the traditional manner outlined by Ajzen (1987). The second approach was to conceptualize control beliefs as two distinct constructs: scheduling self-efficacy and perceived barriers to exercise. Participants (N = 157, average age = 68 years ± 7.87, 74% female) were volunteers from elderly exercise classes. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires assessing the constructs at Weeks 5 and 9 of a 16-week exercise program. Attendance was monitored and used as the dependent variable. Results revealed that in an active elderly sample, (a) scheduling self-efficacy is a superior conceptualization for control beliefs than perceived behavioral control, (b) neither attitude nor subjective norm predict intention or attendance in an exercise program, and (c) perceived barriers to exercise are not related to exercise intention or attendance.
Owner‐managers' perceptions of barriers to innovation: empirical evidence from Turkish SMEs

Purpose – The paper aims to examine the barriers to innovation, as perceived and experienced by owner‐managers of Turkish small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on an empirical investigation of 224 SMEs operating in Turkey. Emergent results were analysed using a logit regression model to explore barriers to innovation as perceived and experienced by these owner‐managers.Findings – The results reveal that a lack of government research and development policy represents a formal barrier to SME innovation in Turkey. The existence of a sizeable and thriving underground economy in this country acts as an informal barrier that impacts negatively upon investment in, and increases the cost of innovation in SMEs. In addition, a lack of appropriate sources of finance and skill shortages emerged as significant variables to affect the innovation decisions of SME owner‐managers in Turkey.Research limitations/implications – The research sample of 224 businesses, chosen.
AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEADS IN A RED PANDA (AILURUS FULGENS FULGENS): POSSIBLE LEGG–CALVE–PERTHES DISEASE

Abstract A 17-mo-old captive-born female red panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens) presented with a sudden onset of lameness in its left hind leg was diagnosed radiographically as having possible severe, bilateral Legg–Calve–Perthes disease with fracture of the great trochanter of the left femur. Surgical repair of the fracture was performed using pins and a tension band wire through a lateral approach to the hip. This is the first case reported at Madrid Zoo-Aquarium, where 63 individuals have been bred over 15 yr.
Search, Mining, and Their Applications on Mobile Devices

In recent years, mobile devices have become the most popular interface for users to retrieve and access information: recent reports show that users spend significantly more time and issue more search queries on mobile devices than on desktops in the United States.1 The accelerated growth of mobile usage brings unique opportunities to the information retrieval and data mining research communities. Mobile devices capture rich contextual and personal signals that can be leveraged to accurately predict users’ intent for serving more relevant content and can even proactively provide novel zero-query recommendations. Apple Siri, Google Now, and Microsoft Cortana are recent examples of such emerging systems. Furthermore, mobile devices constantly generate a huge amount of sensor footprints (e.g., GPS, motion sensors) and user activity data (e.g., used apps) that are often missing from their desktop counterparts. These new sources of implicit and explicit user feedback are valuable for discovering actionable knowledge, and designing better systems that serve each individual the right content at the right time and location. In addition, by aggregating mobile interactions across individuals, one can infer interesting conclusions beyond search and recommendation. Generating real-time traffic estimates is one example of such applications. This special issue focuses on research problems of search, mining, and their applications in mobile devices. Topics of interest in this special issue include but are not limited to mobile data mining and management, mobile search, personalization and recommendation, mobile user interfaces and human-computer interaction, and new applications in the mobile environment. The aim of this special issue is to bring together top experts across multiple disciplines, including information retrieval, data mining, mobile computing, and cyberphysical systems, such that academic and industrial researchers can exchange ideas and share the latest developments on the state of the art and practice of mobile search and mobile data mining.
NEWS' COMPARTMENTALIZATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY COVERAGE

This essay explains that some of the news media’s challenges and problems in covering agrobiotechnology might be linked to structural organization and traditions within the nation’s newsrooms. Within serious news organizations, food biotechnology news often has been perceived as an agriculture food or business story, instead of a science, environment, or investigative story. All these news emphases, or beats, have different traditions and inclinations in news reporting, which may explain how food biotechnology news has been covered by American journalists. This essay notes the importance to increase interest in food biotechnology coverage—especially among science writers within serious news organizations.
Does Market Structure Affect the Immediacy of Stock Price Responses to News?

Abstract This study compares the speed of price adjustments to seasoned equity offering announcements by NYSE/AMEX and Nasdaq stocks. We find that price adjustments are quicker by as much as one hour on Nasdaq. This result is not due to differences in issuer characteristics or announcement effects across the markets, but due to differences in market structures. Greater risk taking by dealers, more rapid order execution, and more frequent informed trading (SOES bandits) on Nasdaq, as well as stale limit orders and a less efficient opening price-setting mechanism on the NYSE/AMEX, all contribute to faster stock price adjustments on Nasdaq.
The examination of pecan price differences using spatial correlation estimation

A spatial analysis is used to model factors that explain the price received by pecan growers. Besides the statistical aspect of the study focussing on spatial autoregressive residuals, the economic analysis of the paper identifies linkages between the price for in-shell pecans received by growers and the characteristics of the orchard, production costs and resources, and the orchard location.
Pay Secrecy and the Gender Wage Gap in the United States

type="main" xml:id="irel12109-abs-0001"> Legislators and advocates claim that pay secrecy perpetuates the gender wage gap and that the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) should be amended to outlaw these practices. Using a difference-in-differences fixed-effects human-capital wage regression, I find that women with higher education levels who live in states that have outlawed pay secrecy have higher earnings, and that the wage gap is consequently reduced. State bans on pay secrecy and federal legislation to amend the FLSA to allow workers to share information about their wages may improve the gender wage gap, especially among women with college or graduate degrees.