Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential advances in flotation by using water jets

Some mineral processing problems are not yet satisfactorily solved by the current technology, especially those based on the use of mechanical energy for comminution and separation. The use of mechanical energy has certain inherent drawbacks such as wear of machinery components and limitation in the speed of moving parts to avoid risk of failure under the severe working conditions encountered in the industrial processes. Waterjet can contribute to overcoming such disadvantages since it allows to transfer energy without contacts between solid materials (no wear) and it is suitable for generating high velocity streams in air or in water even at relatively low pressures. The potential benefits of waterjet technology are particularly interesting in flotation where the size and speed of the air bubbles, that depend on the shear velocity induced by agitation, are a critical aspect for the optimization of the separation results (recovery and selectivity) and the reduction of the running cost items (wear and energy consumption).
Effect of Moisture Content on Some Physical Properties of Paddy Grains

The moisture-dependent physical properties of agri cultural grains are important to design post harvest equipments of the product. In the current study, various physical properties of two different paddy cultivars were determined at fi ve moistur e content levels of 8, 11, 14, 18 and 21% (d.b.). In the case of Alikazemi cultivar, the average length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, surface area, volume, sphericity, thousand grain mass and angle of repose increased from 9.83 to 10.05 mm, 2.65 to 2.76 mm, 1.92 to 2.01 mm, 3.72 to 3.85 mm, 39.37 to 42.12 mm 2 , 26.91 to 29.94 mm 3 , 37.51 to 38.04%, 27.63 to 31.20 g and 35.67o to 41.23o, respectively, as the moisture content increased from 8 to 21% (d.b.). The corresponding values increased from 10.20 to 10.25 mm, 2.31 to 2.40 mm, 1.85 to 1.92 mm, 3.53 to 3.63 mm, 36.87 to 38.61 mm 2 , 23.12 to 25.11 mm 3 , 34.53 to 35.27%, 24.43 to 27.80 g and 38.27o to 44.37o, respectively, for Hashemi cultivar. For Alikazemi cultivar, the static coefficient of friction of grains increased linearly against three various surfaces, namely, glass (0.3168-0.4369), galvanized iron sheet (0.4179-0.4965), and plywood (0.4394-0.5264) as the moisture content increased from 8 to 21% (d.b.). The corresponding value for Hashemi cultivar increased from 0.3577 to 0.4650, 0.4629 to 0.5082 and 0.4857 to 0.5452, respectively, against three mentioned surfaces.
Utility Validation of a New Fingerprint Quality Metric

Fingerprint somehow can be regarded as a relatively fullfledged application in biometrics. The use of this biometric modality is not limited to traditional public security area, but spread into the daily life, smart phone authentication control and e-payment, for instance. However, quality control of biometric sample is still a necessary task due in order to optimize the operational performance. Research works had shown that biometric systems performance could be greatly depressed for those uncontrolled conditions [2]. For fingerprint, the quality can be intuitively described as the clarity of its ridge and valley pattern, noise condition, and the feasibility of feature extraction such as minutiae points. However, intuitively bad quality fingerprint sample might generate high matching result for some cases and vice versa [10]. In this case, many previous research works contributed to validate fingerprint quality metrics in terms of the relation between biometric sample quality and system performance. Chen et al. [7] proposed quality metrics in both frequency domain and spatial domain, and discussed several criteria to evaluate quality metric, such as quality index predicting matching performance. Fernandez et al. [1] compared correlations between several previously proposed quality metrics. Grother et al. [10] discussed quality evaluation methods in terms of detection error trade-off characteristics (DET), the effect of low quality samples rejection rates on improving performance, Kolmogorov Smirnov (KS) statistic, and etc. Mohamad et al. [8] calculated the KS statistics for image-based quality metric of multimodal biometric data. The study of this paper makes an evaluation of a proposed quality metric generated by using a utility-based multi-features fusion approach [9]. The quality metric involves in several quality criteria, including no-reference image quality metric (NR-IQA) [24], measures derived from texture features, and measure based on the triplet representation of fingerprint minutiae. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 presents a state of the art on fingerprint quality. In section 3, we describe the proposed quality metric called Q. Section 4 details experimental results. Conclusion and future works are given in section 5.
The Utilisation of Education and Skills: Incidence and Determinants among Pakistani Graduates

This study estimates the incidence of job mismatch and its determinants in Pakistan, based on three categories: (i) qualification mismatch, (i) skill mismatch, and (iii) field-of-study mismatch. It uses both primary and secondary datasets that target graduates employed by the formal sector. The study measures the qualification mismatch using three approaches and finds that about one third of the graduates sampled face a qualification mismatch. Similarly, more than one fourth are mismatched in terms of skill, about half are over-skilled, and half are underskilled. The analysis also shows that 11.3 percent hold jobs that are irrelevant to their discipline and 13.8 percent have jobs that are slightly relevant to their discipline. Women are more likely than men to be over-qualified, and age has a negative association with over-qualification. Graduates who belong to political families have a better qualification match but a lower field-of-study match. While a higher level of schooling prevents graduates from being under-qualified, it also raises the likelihood of being over-qualified and over-skilled. Occupation-specific disciplines offer more protection against the possibility of job mismatch. Both fulltime education and semester-system education reduce job mismatch, while distance learning raises job mismatch. The phenomena of being over-qualified and overskilled is more prevalent in lower occupations, as is field-of-study mismatch.
The Romany voice on interaction with the health care system in Sweden

This article deals with the Roma migrant’s experience when encountering the health care system in Sweden. The article takes as a point of departure research conducted in the south of Sweden between 2008 and 2010, and this research is part of a wider field which addresses the challenges for the multicultural society. The background to the study is to be found in the Roma migration to Sweden over the last decades. The aim of the study is to examine how health care is experienced from the Roma’s point of view. What kind of attitudes do they meet? How are their special needs taken into consideration? Are there any special needs being neglected? The results of the study show that experiences are diverse. There are not specific needs with reference to ethnical background or cultural aspects; instead, people ask to be listened to, to be given attention and to be treated with respect.
A pooled analysis of the duration of chemoprophylaxis against malaria after treatment with artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine

Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) are the most commonly-used treatments against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Africa. The lumefantrine and amodiaquine partner drugs may provide differing durations of post-treatment prophylaxis, an important additional benefit to patients. Analyzing 4214 individuals from clinical trials in 12 sites, we estimated a mean duration of post-treatment protection of 13.0 days (95% CI 10.7-15.7) for AL and 15.2 days (95% CI 12.8-18.4) for AS-AQ after allowing for transmission intensity. However, the duration varied substantially between sites: where wild type pfmdr1 86 and pfcrt 76 parasite genotypes predominated, AS-AQ provided ∼2-fold longer protection than AL. Conversely, AL provided up to 1.5-fold longer protection than AS-AQ where mutants were common. We estimate that choosing AL or AS-AQ as first-line treatment according to local drug sensitivity could alter population-level clinical incidence of malaria by up to 14% in under-five year olds where malaria transmission is high.
Solution focused Support for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Experiences of Learning Caregivers

Introduction: Solution focused support (SFS) is a positivist approach that involves emphasizing clients’ self-efficacy, competences and resources to accomplish personal solutions, as opposed to focusing on problems and its antecedents. The solution focused model is regarded as widely applicable and one field of application is the sustained care in assisted living for people with intellectual deficiencies (ID). While results of research regarding the usefulness of the model with this population are promising, there have not been many studies conducted on the process of learning to employ solution focused practice in this context. There may be aspects of the approach that are more difficult to apply successfully and circumstances in which learning caregivers may find it problematic to use SFS. Identifying these factors is relevant in order to ensure optimal training in SFS and to adjust the practice of care to fit the recipients. Addressing these issues, this study had two major objectives: firstly, to find out which aspects of SFS are more often deployed in client-interactions in which SFS is applied successfully. And secondly, to identify factors that are perceived as impeding the application of SFS. Methods: 164 caregiver experiences were analyzed for the frequencies of techniques used in interactions with clients, which were subsequently related to the perceived success of respective situations. This was done by labeling used techniques and aspects of SFS, based on the theory of SFS and by employing a bottom-up approach, and relating these to caregivers’ perception of success of interactions with clients by creating multiple response sets in SPSS and computing cross tabulations. Furthermore, caregiver experiences were scrutinized for factors that caregivers had perceived to obstruct the application of solution focused methods. Results: Caregivers were, for the most part, able to use the solution focused model successfully in caring for people with ID. However, there were some aspects of SFS that were more often employed than others, and some were very rarely utilized. Furthermore, in some instances caregivers found the solution focused approach not applicable, for instance when clients did not respond to it right away, when there was a conflict present or when caregivers were short on time. Caregivers then tended to opt for an alternative, non-solution focused approach. Conclusion: The results of this study supplement the notion that the solution focused approach is fitting for caring for people with ID. Also it showed that caregivers, who are relatively new to SFS, are quite able to use its methods effectively. However, the training of caregivers on some less frequently employed aspects of the model may have to be revised as well as on how to apply the approach to situations, which caregivers perceive as difficult.
SCF promotes the production of IL-13 via the MEK-ERK-CREB signaling pathway in mast cells

Mast cells serve a key role in the occurrence and development of allergy. As an important growth factor of mast cells, stem cell factor (SCF) has an effect on the apoptosis, chemotaxis, adhesion, degranulation and other biological characteristics of mast cells. However, there are few studies regarding the effect of SCF signal on the production of cytokines from mast cells, particularly Th2 type cytokines. In the present study, the expression and secretion of IL-13 in P815 cells stimulated by SCF were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and ELISA, and western blotting and EMSA were used to detect ERK phosphorylation and activation of CREB in stimulated P815 cells. The results demonstrated that the production of IL-13 was significantly increased in P815 cells stimulated by SCF (1–100 ng/ml; P<0.01). There was an obvious phosphorylation of ERK and CREB activation in P815 cells stimulated by SCF (50 ng/ml). Compared with the SCF single stimulation group, the production of IL-13 was significantly reduced in P815 cells stimulated with U0126 (ERK-MEK/pathway inhibitor) or H-89 (CREB inhibitor) combined with SCF stimulation group (P<0.01). However, JSI-124 (JAK/STAT3 pathway inhibitor), Wortmannin (PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor) and PDTC (NF-κB inhibitor) had no effect on the role of SCF promoting the P815 cells producing IL-13. Therefore, SCF signaling promotes mast cell P815 to produce IL-13, and this effect is associated with the MEK-ERK-CREB signaling pathway.
The Perfect Storm: Graduating in a Recession in a Segmented Labor Market

This paper analyzes the effects of entry labor-market conditions on workers' career in Spain, a country well known for its highly segmented labor market and rigid labor-market institutions. In contrast with more flexible labor markets, we find that the annual earnings losses of individuals without a university degree are greater and more persistent than those of college graduates. For workers without a college degree, the effect is driven by a lower likelihood of employment. For college graduates, the negative impact on earnings is driven by both a higher probability of non-employment, and employment in jobs with fixed-term contracts. While a negative shock increases mobility of college graduates across firms and industries, there is no earnings recovery, just secondary labor-market job churning. Our results are consistent with tight regulations of the Spanish labor market such as binding minimum wages and downward wage rigidity caused by collective bargaining agreements.
HYPOADIPONECTINEMIA AND DYSLIPIDEMIA IN RELATION TO GLYCEMIC STATUS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE

OBJECTIVE: to study the relationship of adiponectin level with lipidprofile and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic subjects with and withoutcoronary heart disease (CHD). METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional/ analytical study consisted ofthree groups. Group A consisted of 60 healthy subjects, group B consisted of 60 type 2 diabetic subjects and group C consisted of 60 type2 diabetic subjects with coronary heart disease. The study participantswere analyzed for serum adiponectin level, triglycerides (TG), totalcholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoproteincholesterol (VLDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylatedhemoglobin (HbA1c). RESULTS: Significantly high adiponectin level was observed in femalesubjects as compared to male subjects. Type 2 diabetic subjects withand without coronary heart disease presented with significantly higherFBG, HbA1c, TC and TG (p value <0.05) and significantly lower levelsof serum adiponectin and HDL-C (p value <0.001). Adiponectin levelshowed significant positive association with HDL-C in control group(female: r 0.988; p=<0.01, male: r 0.948; p=<0.01), type 2 diabeticgroup (female: r 0.908; p=<0.01, male: r 0.860; p=<0.01) and type 2diabetic group having coronary heart disease (female: 0.775; p=<0.01,male: 0.650; p=<0.01). Significant (p value <0.01) negative associationof adiponectin was observed with TG, FBG and HbA1c in type 2 diabeticsubjects with and without coronary heart disease.CONCLUSION: Hypoadiponectinemia in type 2 diabetic subjects withand without coronary heart disease is related with un-controlled glycemicstatus and dyslipidemia.
Diagnosis and Management of Deltoid Ligament Insufficiency

Background: Surgical management of patients with acute and chronic ankle instability (CAI) has historically focused on the lateral ligament complex. Recent studies in CAI patients have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopy demonstrate concomitant injury to the deltoid ligament complex We performed a systematic review to determine if consistent clinical, diagnostic imaging, or arthroscopic findings of deltoid ligament injury in the setting of CAI have been described. In addition, we sought to determine if treatment options and/or clinical outcomes have been described. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. Articles were included if they had a majority of patients 18 years of age or older, focused on deltoid ligament injury in ankle instability, and reported diagnostic and/or treatment methods. Articles were excluded if the study focused on the deltoid ligament in the acute fracture setting. All included articles were assessed for diagnostic criteria, treatments, and patient outcomes. Results: Our search yielded 157 articles, of which a total of 13 were included in our study. Arthroscopy was described as the gold standard to diagnose and evaluate the severity of deltoid ligament injury, however, little objective data on the arthroscopic diagnosis of deltoid ligament insufficiency was reported. MRI was the imaging modality of choice to evaluate deltoid ligament injury and had a high sensitivity and specificity when compared with arthroscopy. No standard MRI diagnostic criteria for deltoid ligament injury were identified in the literature. Specific treatment techniques and long-term outcomes were not well described in the manuscripts included in this review. Conclusion: There is limited knowledge on deltoid ligament insufficiency in the setting of chronic ankle instability. Criteria for characterizing deltoid ligament damage with diagnostic imaging appear to be evolving, but there is no standard classification. Only 1 author has described a method to evaluate deltoid ligament competency on arthroscopic examination. There are currently no objective data to guide treatment decisions. Level of Evidence: Level III.
Housing, Debt and the Marginal Propensity to Consume

We analyze how housing and mortgage debt affects households’ marginal propensity to consume. Using detailed Norwegian register data, we document that after controlling for wealth, households with higher leverage increase consumption more when their wealth changes. Hence, for the purpose of understanding household consumption dynamics, wealth is an insufficient statistic to summarize household balance sheets. We therefore develop a structural model to account for how household accumulate mortgage debt over the life cycle, and how this affects consumption choice. In our model, households hold debt, financial assets and illiquid housing. The marginal propensity to consume out of wealth is declining, as in a standard single asset consumption model, but not monotonically so: households who have recently bought houses have high leverage and high marginal propensities to consume. We estimate the model to account for the life cycle profiles of household balance sheets in the micro data. Regressions from data simulated by the model give results consistent with regressions on the actual register data. Our findings corroborate the view that household indebtedness and leverage matter for consumption dynamics, that a substantial fraction of households are likely to behave in a “hand-tomouth” fashion even though their wealth is high, and that the housing market is key to these phenomena.
Study on the prevalence and gross pathology of liver fluke infestation in sheep in and around Quetta district, Pakistan.

| The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis in sheep in Quetta district from January to June 2007. Two hundred and fifty liver samples along with gall bladder and bile ducts were collected from sheep. Over all prevalence of liver fluke infestation in sheep was recorded as 30% in young and adult and 32% in aged sheep. Out of these positive samples Fasciola hepatica was found 50% and Fasciola gigantica 10% in case of young whereas in adults 20% with fasciola hepatica and 14%with Fasciola gigantica and in aged sheep the prevalence was recorded as 33.33% and 13.33% with fasciola hepatica and fasciola gigantica respectively. Variable degree of gross lesions were noted in affected livers included cholangitis (63.15%), biliary obstruction (57.89%), fibrosis (68.42%), hyperplasia (60%), haemorrhages (47.36%), enlargement (52.63%), fibrinous exudates (63.15%) and oedema (57.0%) in sheep during the study period. From this study it is clear that fascioliasis is a serious problem for sheep in Pakistan with highest percentage of Fasciola hepatica followed by Fasciola gigantica which causes damaging of liver with variable degrees of inflammation, haemorrhages, hyperplasia and enlargement of livers.
Effect of ethephon and planting density on lodged plant percentage and crop yield in maize (Zea mays L.)

Increasing maize production is vital in many developing countries. One way of increasing production is through adoption of high planting densities. However, high planting densities are associated with intraspecific competition between plants for resources like nutrients, water and sunlight, as a result weak stalks develops which are susceptible to lodging. The challenge of lodging in high planting densities can be reduced by ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid). A 3 x 2 factorial experiment in randomised complete block design was carried out at New Donnington Farm, Zimbabwe in the 2011/12 rainy season to study the effects of ethephon rates and planting densities on maize. Ethephon rate had the following levels 0 l/ha (control), 0.56 l/ha and 0.84 l/ha while the density consisted of 53,333 and 80,000 plants/ha. Ethephon rate significantly (p˂0.05) reduced the plant height of maize as compared to the control plants across different levels of planting densities. Also a significant increase (p˂0.05) in internode diameter in the treated stands over the control plants across different levels of planting densities was recorded. Ethephon treatment significantly reduced (p˂0.05) the percentage of lodged plants from 6.54 (control) to 4.34 and 2% for medium and high rate, respectively. Grain yield increased significantly in response to increased rates of ethephon at high planting density by 28.5 and 29.1 tons/ha for medium and high rate, respectively.