Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Declining second primary ovarian cancer after first primary breast cancer.

PURPOSE Although ovarian cancer incidence rates have declined in the United States, less is known of ovarian cancer trends among survivors of breast cancer. Therefore, we examined second primary ovarian cancers after first primary breast cancer. METHODS Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (1973 to 2008). Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated as the observed numbers of ovarian cancers among survivors of breast cancer compared with the expected numbers in the general population. Absolute rates were measured as the incidence rates for second primary ovarian cancer by year of diagnosis of the first primary breast cancer adjusted for age of breast cancer diagnosis and years since diagnosis. RESULTS SIRs for second primary ovarian cancer were elevated over the entire study period (SIR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.3), whereas the absolute rates declined with an estimated annual percentage change near 1% (-1.34% to -0.09% per year). Secular trends for second ovarian cancers were similar after estrogen receptor (ER) -positive and ER-negative breast cancers, whereas the age-specific patterns varied significantly by ER expression (P for interaction < .001). The largest SIR was among women age less than 50 years with ER-negative breast cancer (SIR, 4.35; 95% CI, 3.5 to 5.4). CONCLUSION Persistently elevated SIRs along with decreasing absolute rates over the entire study period suggest that ovarian cancers in both the general population and survivors of breast cancer are declining in parallel, possibly because of common risk factor exposures. Analytic studies are needed to further assess the parallel overall trends and the age-specific interaction by ER expression.
Doing Their Best: How Teachers in Urban Social Studies Classrooms Integrate Culturally Relevant Pedagogy with Historical Literacy Instruction

How does access to this work benefit you? Let us know! Follow this and additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny. edu/gc_etds Part of the Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Commons, Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons, Other Teacher Education and Professional Development Commons, and the Secondary Education Commons
Intrapartum Single-Dose Carbamazepine Reduces Nevirapine Levels Faster and May Decrease Resistance After a Single Dose of Nevirapine for Perinatal HIV Prevention

Background: World Health Organization guidelines recommend zidovudine + lamivudine for 7 days from labor onset in HIV-infected women receiving single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) to cover prolonged subtherapeutic nevirapine concentrations. Although effective, this is complicated and does not eliminate resistance; alternative strategies could add benefit. Methods: Antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected pregnant women aged 18–40 years, with CD4 >200 cells per cubic millimeter, able to regularly attend the antenatal clinics in Moshi, Tanzania, were enrolled 1:1 by alternate allocation to receive 200 mg sdNVP alone or in combination with open-label 400-mg single-dose carbamazepine (sdNVP/CBZ) at delivery (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00294892). The coprimary outcomes were nevirapine plasma concentrations 1 week and nevirapine resistance mutations 6 weeks postpartum. Analyses were based on those still eligible at delivery. Results: Ninety-seven women were assigned to sdNVP and 95 to sdNVP/CBZ during pregnancy, of whom 75 sdNVP and 83 sdNVP/CBZ were still eligible at delivery at study sites. The median (interquartile range) nevirapine plasma concentration was 1.55 (0.88–1.84) mg/L in sdNVP (n = 61) and 1.40 (0.93–1.97) mg/L in sdNVP/CBZ (n = 72) at delivery (P = 0.91), but 1 week later was significantly lower in sdNVP/CBZ [n = 63; 0.09 (0.05–0.20) mg/L] than in sdNVP [n = 52; 0.20 (0.09–0.31) mg/L; rank-sum: P = 0.004] (geometric mean ratio: 0.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.43 to 0.96; P = 0.03). Six weeks postpartum, nevirapine mutations were observed in 11 of 52 (21%) in sdNVP and 6 of 55 (11%) in sdNVP/CBZ (odds ratio = 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.16 to 1.34; P = 0.15). Conclusions: Addition of single-dose carbamazepine to sdNVP at labor onset in HIV-infected, pregnant women did not affect nevirapine plasma concentration at delivery, but significantly reduced it 1 week postpartum, with a trend toward fewer nevirapine resistance mutations.
A Degree Above? The Value-Added Estimates and Evaluation Ratings of Teachers with a Graduate Degree

In the present study I use teacher value added and evaluation rating data from North Carolina public schools to estimate the signaling and human capital effects of graduate degrees. These analyses consider the effects of graduate degrees, overall, and the effects of graduate degrees inside and outside teachers’ area(s) of teaching. Signaling analyses show that those with a graduate degree in their area of teaching have comparable value-added estimates and receive higher evaluation ratings than teachers with undergraduate degrees only. Human capital analyses indicate that in-area graduate degrees benefit teacher value added in several comparisons and predict higher evaluation ratings on the Leadership standard. Signaling and human capital effects for out-of-area graduate degrees are generally negative or insignificant. Taken together, these results present a more comprehensive and nuanced view of the effectiveness of teachers with graduate degrees. Future analyses should assess additional outcome measures and continue focusing on the alignment between the graduate degree content and the teaching assignment.
Food insecure community gardeners in rural Appalachian Ohio more strongly agree that their produce intake improved and food spending decreased as a result of community gardening compared to food secure community gardeners

ABSTRACT Relationships among food security, produce intake and behaviors, health, and social capital in rural Appalachian community gardeners were examined. Gardeners (n = 120) were surveyed, with 50 responding (42% response rate). Though most respondents were food secure, approximately 15% were food insecure. Results indicated that participants ate more produce (76%), made better eating choices (74%), spent less money on food (74%), were more physically active (66%), and made new friends (74%). Food insecurity was associated with eating more produce (p < 0.05) and spending less money on food (p = 0.05) due to gardening, which warrants further exploration.
L-Carnitine Ameliorates Glycerol-Induced Myoglobinuric Acute Renal Failure in Rats

There is increasing evidence indicating that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-induced myoglobinuric acute renal failure (ARF). During times of war and natural disasters, myoglobinuric ARF can assume epidemic proportions. Thus, early and effective renoprotective treatments are of utmost importance. It has been shown that L-carnitine, used as a safe and effective nutritional supplement for more than three decades, is effective in preventing renal injury in many renal injury models involving oxidative stress. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of L-carnitine in an experimental model of myoglobinuric ARF. Four groups of rats were employed in this study: group 1 served as a control; group 2 was given glycerol (10 mL/kg, i.m.); group 3 was given glycerol plus L-carnitine (100 mg/kg, i.p.), starting at the same time as the glycerol injection; group 4 was given glycerol plus L-carnitine (100 mg/kg, i.p.), starting 48h before the glycerol injection. After glycerol injections, the i.p. injections of L-carnitine were repeated every 24h for four days. Ninety-six hours after glycerol injections, blood samples and kidney tissues were taken from the anesthetized rats. Urea and creatinine levels in plasma, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in urine, and malondialdehyde levels and catalase enzyme activity in kidney tissue were determined. Histopathological changes and iron accumulation in the kidney tissue were evaluated. In this study, glycerol administration led to marked renal oxidative stress, as well as severe functional and morphological renal deterioration. L-carnitine, possibly via its antioxidant properties, ameliorates glycerol-induced myoglobinuric kidney injury.
Glutathione S-transferase variants increase susceptibility for late-onset Alzheimer's disease: association study and relationship with apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele

Abstract Background: Several factors participate in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including free radicals, which when out of balance with their antioxidant capacity contribute to the oxidative stress process and neuronal death. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms are associated with the organism detoxification capacity and can help with the identification of sub-groups that present susceptibility to the development of AD. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of GSTs, including GSTP1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 and apolipoprotein E (apoE) with AD and the distribution of these polymorphisms in the first-degree relatives of patients. Methods: For this, 41 patients with AD, 24 elderly without cognitive deficits (control group), 109 relatives of patients with AD and 41 relatives of controls were studied. A sample of peripheral blood was drawn for leukocyte DNA extraction. The genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Results: There was a significantly higher frequency of the ɛ4 allele in the patients (0.21) and in their relatives (0.25) when compared to controls (0.04; p=0.01) and their relatives (0.03; p<0.0001). The V allele of the GSTP1 polymorphism was higher in patients compared to controls (0.35 and 0.19, respectively; p=0.04). In contrast, the presence of the GSTT1 polymorphism prevailed in controls (79%) and their relatives. Conclusions: The V allele may be a risk factor for AD, mainly in the presence of the apoE ɛ4 allele, while the presence of GSTT1 may indicate protection against the disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;46:439–45.
Family Stress and Support among Former Soviet Immigrants

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to investigate types of family support and stress among former Soviet immigrants. Forty-two immigrants (14 males and 28 females) were interviewed about their immigration experiences, including description of current relationships with family in the resettlement country. Content analysis of interview data documented that immigrant families can be a valuable source of emotional and/or instrumental support. Immigrant families, however, can also be too overwhelmed by their own immigration demands to provide support or can generate additional stress for its members. Types of family stress included conflict from differing values and opinions, increased responsibility for family members who could not manage resettlement on their own, family members 'emotional distress over immigration experiences, unmet expectationsfor family members'adjustment, and changes in household composition and living arrangements upon arrival in the United States.
Modulation Format Recognition and OSNR Estimation Using CNN-Based Deep Learning

An intelligent eye-diagram analyzer is proposed to implement both modulation format recognition (MFR) and optical signal-to-noise rate (OSNR) estimation by using a convolution neural network (CNN)-based deep learning technique. With the ability of feature extraction and self-learning, CNN can process eye diagram in its raw form (pixel values of an image) from the perspective of image processing, without knowing other eye-diagram parameters or original bit information. The eye diagram images of four commonly-used modulation formats over a wide OSNR range (10~25 dB) are obtained from an eye-diagram generation module in oscilloscope combined with the simulation system. Compared with four other machine learning algorithms (decision tress, k-nearest neighbors, back-propagation artificial neural network, and support vector machine), CNN obtains the higher accuracies. The accuracies of OSNR estimation and MFR both attain 100%. The proposed technique has the potential to be embedded in the test instrument to perform intelligent signal analysis or applied for optical performance monitoring.
Development and validation of the team influence relations scale (TIReS)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate the Team Influence Relations Scale (TIReS), a new instrument to measure the relation of influence in a team that overcomes a predominating individual approach to influence in teams. The TIReS stems from the concepts of team subjectivity and deinfluentization that perceive influence as a collective phenomenon in a triangular influence model. Design/methodology/approach In the first study the authors subjected the data, gathered from 280 employees from Polish private sector companies, to the principal axis factoring analysis, yielding 12 best-fitting items loading on two factors (i.e. meaning reduction and space offering). In the second study the authors employed confirmatory factor analyses to test data from 784 workers from private sector organizations in Poland. Findings The results yielded a six-factor structure for the TIReS (root mean square error of approximation=0.077, comparative fit index=0.93, NNFI=0.91, standardized root mean square residual=0.073) with two sub-dimensions for each influence source in a team (i.e. the individual, the leader, the team as a whole). The results provide evidence for the internal consistency reliability of the TIReS (Cronbach’s α ranging from 0.87 to 0.93 for TIReS factors) and its satisfactory criterion-related validity. Originality/value The TIReS addresses a gap in currently available questionnaires to measure the relation of influence in teams considering three sources of influence in a team. The importance of team influence relations measurement is discussed.
Studies on Apoptotic Changes in Combined Toxicity of Citrinin and Endosulfan in Pregnant Wistar Rats and Their Fetuses

Background: Citrinin (mycotoxin) and endosulfan (pesticide) both environmental contaminants easily enter the food chain and are caoomon causes of various toxicities. Materials and Methods: In the present investigation, citrinin (CIT) (10 mg/kg feed) and endosulfan (1 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally alone and in combination to pregnant Wistar rats from gestational day 6 to 20 to study their effect to cause apoptosis in the pregnant Wistar rats and their fetuses. Apoptosis was assessed in dams by agarose gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry and electron microscopy, while in the fetuses it was assessed by flow cytometry only. Result: Citrinin and endosulfan in the combination group caused apoptosis in an additive manner as there was increased number of apoptotic cells as compared to the individual toxin and control groups. The fetuses also showed increased number of apoptotic cells in the combination groups, which also indicated that both the toxins crossed the placental barrier. Conclusion: So it was concluded that apoptosis played a significant role in the pathogenesis of endosulfan and citrinin toxicity.
Fitness for purpose – Ochratoxin A analytical developments

Laboratory accreditation involving third party auditing, the use of validated methods and participation in laboratory proficiency testing are essential elements for laboratory quality assurance in relation to ochratoxin A (OTA) analysis. A number of methods, mainly based on liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence detection (FD), coupled with immunoaffinity column or solid phase extraction cleanup, have been collaboratively validated and adopted as official standards for OTA determination in a variety of foods, including cereals, coffee, wine and beer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) kits are widely used as screening methods for the occurrence of OTA in food. Novel technologies using anti-OTA antibodies (electrochemical immunosensors, fluorescence polarisation, lateral flow devices, enzyme-based flow through membranes, and surface plasmon resonance biosensors) have been proposed for rapid analysis of OTA in food and beverages, and may be applied for in situ measurements. Validation of these immunochemical methods and commercial kits is required. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry represents an adequate alternative to LC-FD particularly in the area of multi-mycotoxin analysis. OTA specific molecularly imprinted polymers are currently considered for cleanup as a potential and cheaper alternative to immunoaffinity or solid-phase extraction sorbents.
A mitochondrial targeting tetrapeptide Bendavia protects lateral line hair cells from gentamicin exposure

The hearing loss induced by aminoglycosides is caused by the permanent loss of mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear. The aim of the present study is therefore to evaluate the protective effect of Bendavia, a novel antioxidant, on gentamicin‐induced hair cell damage in zebrafish lateral lines. The results demonstrated the pretreatment of Bendavia exhibited dose‐dependent protection against gentamicin in both acute and chronic exposure. We found that Bendavia at 150 μm conferred optimal protection from either acute or chronic exposure with ototoxin. Bendavia reduced uptake of fluorescent‐tagged gentamicin via mechanoelectrical transduction channels, suggesting its protective effects may be partially due to decreasing ototoxic molecule uptake. The intracellular death pathways inhibition triggered by gentamicin might be also included as no blockage of gentamicin was observed. Our data suggest that Bendavia represents a novel otoprotective drug that might provide a therapeutic alternative for patients receiving aminoglycoside treatment.
The refractive status of Hong Kong Chinese infants

One hundred and fifty‐eight full‐term Hong Kong Chinese infants were examined, at the age of approximately 10 weeks, using retinoscopy. Fifty of the subjects were re‐examined at the ages of 20, 30 and 40 weeks. Cyclopentolate 1% was used to produce cycloplegia. Photographic methods were used to assess the straightness of the eyes of 122 infants. While the mean spherical equivalent of the refractive error at 10 weeks was within the limits reported in studies of Caucasian infants, a rapid decrease, not previously reported, occurred between the ages of 10 and 40 weeks. The amounts of astigmatism found were in line with results from Caucasian eyes but the direction was overwhelmingly with‐the‐rule. The prevalence of anisometropia decreased with age and anisometropia was not prevalent at the age of 37 weeks. Two exotropes (1.6%)and no esotropes were identified although this may have been confounded by the use of cyclopentolate.
Trust and customer engagement in the banking sector in Ghana

ABSTRACT Customer engagement has become a topical issue in the marketing literature in recent times. Many researchers have called for more research to be done on the antecedents of customer engagement. In response to this call, we examine the impact of trust on customer engagement. We used the survey research design to address the research question. We used the intercept approach to select the participants of the study. We collected the data from retail banking customers in Ghana. The hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings of this study show that trust in service providers and economy-based trust have a significant and positive effect on emotional engagement, cognitive engagement, and behavioural engagement. The implications of the findings have been discussed at the end of the paper.
TV-GAN: Generative Adversarial Network Based Thermal to Visible Face Recognition

This work tackles the face recognition task on images captured using thermal camera sensors which can operate in the non-light environment. While it can greatly increase the scope and benefits of the current security surveillance systems, performing such a task using thermal images is a challenging problem compared to face recognition task in the Visible Light Domain (VLD). This is partly due to the significantly smaller amount of thermal imagery data collected compared to the VLD data. Unfortunately, direct application of the existing very strong face recognition models trained using VLD data into the thermal imagery data will not produce a satisfactory performance. This is due to the existence of the domain gap between the thermal and VLD images. To this end, we propose a Thermal-to-Visible Generative Adversarial Network (TV-GAN) that is able to transform thermal face images into their corresponding VLD images whilst maintaining identity information which is sufficient enough for the existing VLD face recognition models to perform recognition. Some examples are presented in Figure 1. Unlike the previous methods, our proposed TV-GAN uses an explicit closed-set face recognition loss to regularize the discriminator network training. This information will then be conveyed into the generator network in the form of gradient loss. In the experiment, we show that by using this additional explicit regularization for the discriminator network, the TV-GAN is able to preserve more identity information when translating a thermal image of a person which is not seen before by the TV-GAN.
Host Selection, Development, Survival, and Reproduction of Turnip Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Green and Red Cabbage Varieties

Abstract Host selection, development, survival, and reproduction of the turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), on selected green and red cabbage varieties, Brassicae oleracea L. variety capitata, were studied in the laboratory. Although numbers of alate L. erysimi on different varieties varied generally, more alate adults and nymphs were observed on green than on red varieties on day 3; whereas, these differences were not so significant on day 15. There were no significant differences in alate adults on all six varieties on day 15. Numbers of nymphs and apterous adults of L. erysimi varied among the varieties. When mean numbers of those aphids on green varieties were compared with those on red varieties, the green varieties had more nymphs and apterous adults than those on the red varieties. Developmental durations of L. erysimi nymphs also varied among all varieties, and the nymphs fed on green varieties developed longer than those fed on red varieties. Adult longevities on these cabbage varieties were not significantly different; whereas, the adult fecundities were. Survival rates of L. erysimi varied greatly among all varieties, but there are no significant differences between the green and red varieties. Factors that might affect aphid host selection, growth, longevity, fecundity, and survivorship were discussed.