Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of donor site morbidity for free radial forearm osteocutaneous flaps

Purpose: Assessment of donor site morbidity and recipient site complications following free radial forearm osteocutaneous flap (FRFOCF) harvest and evaluation of patient perceived upper limb disability for free radial forearm osteocutaneous versus fasciocutaneous flaps (FRFF). Methods: First a case series was undertaken of 218 patients who underwent an FRFOCF at two tertiary referral centers between February 1998 and November 2010. Outcomes included forearm donor site morbidity and recipient site complications. Second, the disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire assessing patient perceived arm disability was administered by phone to 60 consecutive patients who underwent an FRFOCF or FRFF. Results: Mean patient age was 63 years with male predominance (62.8%). Median bone length harvested was 8 cm (range, 3–12 cm) with prophylactic plating of the radius following harvest. Donor site morbidity included fracture (1 patient, 0.5%) and sensory neuropathy (5 patients, 2.3%). Mean DASH scores were comparative between groups and to established normative values. Mandibular malunion rate was 3.2% and hardware extrusion at the recipient site occurred in 15.6%. Conclusion: Reluctance to perform FRFOCF by surgeons usually centers on concerns regarding potential donor site morbidity and adequacy of available bone stock; however, we identified minimal objective or patient perceived donor site morbidity or recipient site complications following harvest of FRFOCFs. Mild wrist weakness and stiffness are common but do not impede ability to perform activities of daily living. Data from this and other reports suggest this flap is particularly useful for midfacial and short segment mandibular reconstruction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
A recursive technique for tracking control of nonholonomic systems in chained form

The authors address the tracking problem for a class of nonholonomic chained form control systems. A recursive technique is proposed which appears to be an extension of the currently popular integrator backstepping idea to the tracking of nonholonomic control systems. Conditions are given under which the problems of semiglobal tracking and global path-following are solved for a nonholonomic system in chained form and its dynamic extension. Results on local exponential tracking are also obtained. Two physical examples of an articulated vehicle and a knife edge are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm through simulations.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MECHANICAL FIXATION OF EXTREME DISTAL FEMUR FRACTURES WITH PLATES AND CONDYLAR INTRAMEDULLARY NAILS

Două modele de plăcuţe condilare şi alte două de tije intramedulare au fost testate utilizând femururi sintetice produse de firma SYNBONE AG, în vederea determinării comportamentului la solicitările mecanice similare celor in-vivo. Au fost simulate trei tipuri de fracturi supra/intercondilare, iar montajele au fost testate static şi dinamic, masurându-se deplasarea totală maximă, variaţia interstiţiului fracturii şi realizându-se o analiză statistică a celor 4 modele de implanturi.
EFFECTS OF INORGANIC SALT SOLUTION ON SOME PROPERTIES OF COMPACTED CLAY LINERS

Processed and natural clays are widely used to create impermeable liners in solid waste disposal landfills. The engineering properties of clay liners can be significantly affected by the leachate from the waste mass. In this study, the effect of inorganic salt solutions will be investigated. These solutions used at different concentrations. Two type of inorganic salt MnSO4 and FeCl3 are used at different concentration 2%,5%, 10%. Clay used in this study was the CLclay (kaolinite). The results show that the consistency limits and unconfined compressive strength increased as the concentration of salts increased. While the permeability tends to decrease as salt concentration increased. Also, the compression index decreases as the concentration increased from 2% to 5%. The swelling index tends to increase slightly as the concentration of MnSO4 increased, while its decrease as the concentration of FeCl3. In this paper, it is aimed to investigate the performance of compacted clay liner exposed to the certain chemicals generated by the leachate and their effects on the geotechnical properties of compacted clay liner such consistency limits, permeability coefficient, compressibility characteristics and unconfined compressive strength.
Passive Investors are Passive Monitors Davidson Heath

We develop a new research design based on post-2007 Russell index reconstitutions to examine monitoring by active versus passive mutual funds. We find that passive investors are more likely to vote with firm management, especially on contentious shareholder proposals. Higher passive ownership also leads to lower analyst coverage of the firm, consistent with passive funds monitoring less. As a consequence of less monitoring, we also find that passive ownership causes changes in firm payout policy: higher passive ownership leads firms to reduce share repurchases and pay out less cash to shareholders. Overall, we find that passive ownership has important negative consequences for monitoring, governance and payout.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology c-Kit Is Suppressed in Human Colon Cancer Tissue and Contributes to L 1-Mediated Metastasis

The transmembrane neural cell adhesion receptor L1 is aWnt/b-catenin target gene expressed in many tumor types. In human colorectal cancer, L1 localizes preferentially to the invasive front of tumors and when overexpressed in colorectal cancer cells, it facilitates their metastasis to the liver. In this study, we investigated genes that are regulated in human colorectal cancer and by the L1-NF-kB pathway that has been implicated in liver metastasis. c-Kit was the most highly suppressed gene in both colorectal cancer tissue and the L1-NF-kB pathway. c-Kit suppression that resulted from L1-mediated signaling relied upon NF-kB, which directly inhibited the transcription of SP1, a major activator of the c-Kit gene promoter. Reconstituting c-Kit expression in L1transfected cells blocked the biological effects conferred by L1 overexpression in driving motility and liver metastasis. We found that c-Kit expression in colorectal cancer cells is associated with a more pronounced epithelial morphology, along with increased expression of E-cadherin and decreased expression of Slug. Although c-Kit overexpression inhibited the motility and metastasis of L1-expressing colorectal cancer cells, it enhanced colorectal cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, arguing that separate pathways mediate tumorigenicity and metastasis by c-Kit. Our findings provide insights into how colorectal cancer metastasizes to the liver, the most common site of dissemination in this cancer. Cancer Res; 73(18); 5754–63. 2013 AACR.
Social anxiety disorder and marijuana use problems: the mediating role of marijuana effect expectancies

Background: Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) appear particularly vulnerable to marijuana‐related problems. Yet, mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Methods: This study examined the role of marijuana effect expectancies in the relation between SAD and marijuana problems among 107 marijuana users (43.0% female), 26.2% of whom met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition criteria for SAD. Anxiety and mood disorders were determined during clinical interviews using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule—IV‐L (ADIS‐IV). Results: Analyses (including sex, marijuana use frequency, major depressive disorder, and other anxiety disorders) suggest that SAD was the only disorder significantly associated with past 3‐month marijuana problems. Compared to those without SAD, individuals with SAD were more likely to endorse the following marijuana expectancies: cognitive/behavioral impairment and global negative expectancies. Importantly, these expectancies mediated the relations between SAD status and marijuana problems. Conclusions: These data support the contention that SAD is uniquely related to marijuana problems and provide insight into mechanisms underlying this vulnerability. Depression and Anxiety, 2009. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of bioorganic , chemical fertilizers and their combination on growth , yield and some macro and micronutrients contents of faba bean ( Vicia faba L . )

The present study aims to evaluate the use of composted sawdust manure associated with the biofertilizer (microbien) singly or in combination with chemical fertilization on growth, yield and its components and some macro and micronutrients contents in the seeds of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cv. Giza 843. A pot trial was carried out during winter season of 2014/2015 in the greenhouse of National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt in complete randomized design with five replications. The results indicated that application of biofertilizer, organic or chemical fertilizers singly or in combination among them increased significantly the plant height and dry weight per plant in comparison to control treatment. However, applied chemical + biofertilizer or chemical + biofertilizer + organic increased the plant height, number of pods per plant, pods and seed yield per plant, number of seeds per plant,100-seed weight and biological yield compared to other treatments or control plants. Nitrogen and protein percentages in the seeds were increased by applying chemical + biofertilizer as one treatment in comparison to the control plants or the other treatments, while phosphorus percentage showed an increase by applying biofertilizer +organic manuring. Fe content was increased only by applying biofertilizer + organic manuring as one treatment and also by applying organic manuring solely, while the lowest Fe content was obtained by using chemical + biofertilizer + organic manuring or applied of biofertilizer singly. Zinc content was also increased with applying biofertilizer + organic manuring as one treatment, while the other treatments seem to the same values.
An Investigation on Learning Performance among Disabled People Using Educational Multimedia Software: A Case Study for Deaf People

The increasing number of people with hearing-impaired in Malaysia attracts to produce a variety of technologies, which can assist the deaf people in carrying out their tasks in everyday life as normal people. New technology can help to decrease the difficulty that hearing-impaired people faces in daily life to use the information services like normal people. Thus, this paper focuses on: i) developing a new multimedia courseware for pre-school students with hearing problem, and ii) comparing the deaf student’s learning performance before and after using the courseware. Four modules were developed for e-MSL courseware consist of alphabets, numbers, words and quizzes with colorful text, animation, sounds, video and pictures using Malaysian Sign Language (MSL). Sekolah Rendah Pendidikan Khas (SRPK) Indera Mahkota II, Kuantan has been chosen as the case study for data collection and for investigating the student learning performance on the courseware. The survey results show that 100% of the respondents have agreed that using e-MSL courseware managed to reduce the student learning time more than 80%. The result has indicated that students have shown better learning performance using e-MSL compared to traditional learning.
Creating Win-Win Collaborations for Students : An Immersive Learning Project for Advanced Sales Courses

Recent economic trends have presented sales educators with an excellent opportunity to showcase the value created by formal sales education. Statistics reflect that roughly one out of every nine American workers currently works in sales (Schawbel, 2013) and, according to Pink (2012), the other eight also engage in sales related activities such as persuading, influencing, and convincing. Moreover, the ratio of America’s salesforce compared to the entire federal workforce is five to one (Pink 2012), and the number of salespeople is expected to grow with two million new sales jobs forecast by 2020 (Bolander, Bonney, & Satornio, 2014). Graduating sales students are set to benefit most from this heightened demand. As highlighted in the Wall Street Journal (Mattioli, 2011), a growing number accept sales jobs upon graduation, due in part to their large debt and willingness to take a commission-based position to avoid unemployment. However, a noted concern among employers is that such graduates are not prepared. A recent survey indicated that over 60% of bosses felt new college graduates were unprepared for the workplace (White, 2013). In response, sales educators have begun placing more importance on designing sales courses which incorporate active learning approaches. Compared to passive (lecture-based) learning techniques, active or experiential learning requires student participation (Inks & Avila, 2008) wherein students benefit from activities designed to increase involvement with case studies, simulations, and roleplaying (Cummins, Peltier, Erffmeyer, & Whalen, 2013). Still, despite sales educator efforts to increase active learning, many such exercises fall short. Role plays, the most frequently implemented experiential learning activity (Cummins et al., 2013), only simulate the selling experience and students do not get the opportunity to learn in a real-world setting (Inks & Avila, 2008). By contrast, immersive learning activities, a form of experiential learning, go beyond simple simulations and emphasize a student-driven learning process which typically involves teams of students working to produce tangible outcomes in collaboration with actual businesses or organizations (Wahlers, Jones, & Chapman, 2014). In this paper, we explore the many benefits of immersive learning for sales education and describe an innovative, synergistic immersive learning project that can enhance sales student outcomes.
Effect of cow manure and dolomite on nutrient uptake and growth of corn ( Zea mays L . )

Suntoro, S. , Widijanto, H. , Suryono, Syamsiyah, J., Afi nda, D. W. , Dimasyuri, N. R. , & Triyas, V. (2018). Effect of cow manure and dolomite on nutrient uptake and growth of corn (Zea mays L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 24(6), 1020–1026 The goal of this research is to discover the effect of cow manure and dolomite on the availability of nutrients N, Ca, and Mg, the growth of corn plants (Zea mays L.), and the uptake of nutrients by the plants. The fi eld trial was carried out on Oxic Dystrudept soil, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a two-way factorial arrangement. The fi rst factor was manure with a dosage of 0, 5, 10, and 20 t Ha-1. The second factor was dolomite with 4 levels, namely 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg Ha-1. The results of the research showed that there was an interaction between cow manure and dolomite on plant growth, indicated by the plant biomass, the chlorophyll B content in the leaves, the uptake of nutrients N, P, Ca, and Mg, and the availability of P in the soil. The use of cow manure with a dosage of 20 t Ha-1 and dolomite at a level of 300 kg Ha-1 produced the highest plant biomass weight, namely 236.73 g plant-1, or an increase of 438 percent compared with the control. The application of manure clearly infl uenced plant height, leaf area index, root weight, shoot weight, and N-total in the soil. The application of dolomite did not affect nutrient availability, nutrient uptake, or plant growth.
Intracoronary delivery of DNAzymes targeting human EGR‐1 reduces infarct size following myocardial ischaemia reperfusion

Despite improvements in treatment, myocardial infarction (MI) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Inflammation arising from ischaemic and reperfusion injury is a key mechanism which underpins myocardial damage and impairment of cardiac function. Early growth response‐1 (Egr‐1) is an early immediate gene and a master regulator that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischaemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury. This study sought to examine the effect of selective inhibition of Egr‐1 using catalytic deoxyribonucleic acid molecules (DNAzymes, DZs) delivered via the clinically relevant coronary route in a large animal model of myocardial IR. It was hypothesized that Egr‐1 inhibition with intracoronary DZ would reduce infarction size by modulating its downstream effector molecules. Egr‐1 DZs inhibited the adherence of THP‐1 monocytes to IL‐1β‐activated endothelial cells in vitro and retained its catalytic activity up to 225 min after in vivo administration. In a porcine model of myocardial IR (45 min ischaemia/3 h reperfusion), DZ was taken up in the cytoplasm and nuclei of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells in the myocardium after intracoronary delivery. Egr‐1 DZs reduced infarct size and improved cardiac functional recovery following intracoronary delivery at the initiation of IR in this large animal model of MI. This was associated with inhibition of pro‐inflammatory Egr‐1 and ICAM‐1 expression, and the reduced expression of TNF‐α, PAI‐1, TF, and myocardial MPO activity in tissue derived from the border zone of the infarct. Taken together, these data suggest that strategies targeting Egr‐1 via the intracoronary route after IR injury in pigs have potential therapeutic implications in human MI. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steroidogenic Factor-1 Expression in Ovarian Endometriosis

Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), a major protein regulating the complex cascade of steroidogenis, has been postulated to play a role in ovarian endometriosis. However, the expression in situ of SF-1 in ovarian endometriosis is unknown. To shed light on its presence, the expression of SF-1 was studied by immunohistochemistry in 30 cases of ovarian endometriosis (proliferative, n=15; secretory phase, n=15) and in 10 cases of normal eutopic endometrium coming from the same patients. No SF-1 immunoreactivity was observed in glands or endometrial stroma from ovarian endometriosis or eutopic endometrium. In contrast, a strong immunoreactivity was observed in the adjacent ovarian cortical or medullary mesenchymatous cells in all the cases examined independently of the cycle's phases. Contrary to the earlier reported hypothesis, our data showed for the first time the absence of SF-1 expression in glands and endometrial stroma from ovarian endometriosis and eutopic endometrium. However, the strong expression of SF-1 observed in cortical and medullary ovarian mesenchymatous cells adjacent to endometriosis, suggests a potential role for these cells in locally induced steroidogenesis.
Directors’ Duties Laws and Long-Term Firm Value

This paper analyzes the long-term value impact of enhanced director discretion to consider the interests of all stakeholders by exploiting the quasi-natural experiment provided by the staggered adoption of directors’ duties laws (also known as corporate constituency statutes) in 35 U.S. states over the period 1984 to 2006. We document that the enactment of these laws results in an economically and statistically significant increase in firm value. The increase in firm value is stronger for larger and more complex firms, firms more exposed to endogenous uncertainty and with stronger stakeholder relationships. Our results support the bonding hypothesis that enhanced director discretion to protect stakeholder interests promotes long-term firm value by reducing a firm’s contracting costs. They also support the view that enhanced director discretion help internalize the externalities that firms create in incomplete markets, leading to more efficient production to the benefit of all stakeholders, including shareholders.  University of Notre Dame, Mendoza College of Business. mcremers@nd.edu. * The University of Oklahoma, Price College of Business. sguer@ou.edu. † University of Arizona, James E. Rogers College of Law and Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse – Fondation Jean-Jacques Laffont – Toulouse School of Economics. sms234 @email.arizona. edu. 2
The Secret Sharer: Evaluating and Testing Unintended Memorization in Neural Networks

This paper describes a testing methodology for quantitatively assessing the risk that rare or unique training-data sequences are unintentionally memorized by generative sequence models---a common type of machine-learning model. Because such models are sometimes trained on sensitive data (e.g., the text of users' private messages), this methodology can benefit privacy by allowing deep-learning practitioners to select means of training that minimize such memorization. In experiments, we show that unintended memorization is a persistent, hard-to-avoid issue that can have serious consequences. Specifically, for models trained without consideration of memorization, we describe new, efficient procedures that can extract unique, secret sequences, such as credit card numbers. We show that our testing strategy is a practical and easy-to-use first line of defense, e.g., by describing its application to quantitatively limit data exposure in Google's Smart Compose, a commercial text-completion neural network trained on millions of users' email messages.
COMPARATIVE GASTROINTESTINAL MICROBIOMES

The nutritional value of an organism’s diet plays an integral part in the evolution of their feeding strategy. In return, the morphology of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract evolves to facilitate either an intake, or retention-maximizing feeding strategy. The microbial diversity harbored within separate compartments of the GI tract shows variation on temporal, spatial, sex-specific, host phylogenetic, interspecific, and intraspecific levels. Variation in microbial community diversity seen in dietary generalist and specialist species offers an opportunity to explore the relationship seen between host diet, phylogeny, GI morphology, and symbiotic microbial composition. I compared the GI microbiomes of Abert’s squirrels (Sciurus aberti) and Eastern fox squirrels (S. niger) to evaluate interspecific and intraspecific microbial community composition. I hypothesized that the dietary and GI morphological differences between the two species of tree squirrels would result in uniquely different communities and abundance of gut bacteria. Abert’s squirrels exhibit a specialized diet consisting predominately of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) structures. Fox squirrels exhibit a generalist diet. Abert’s squirrels have a GI tract that is longer and composed of more surface area than fox squirrels. Four females of each species were collected (n=8) from a ponderosa pine-Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) forest. I collected tissue samples from the stomach, small intestine, cecum, and large intestine, in addition to a fecal sample. Bacterial DNA samples were isolated and the V4 region of the 16s rRNA was used for sequence alignment. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were assigned using the workflow provided by QIIME. Results show that microbial communities form distinct clusters in both species, but also within the upper and lower regions of the gastrointestinal tract. At the GI