Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, incidence, primary care burden and medical treatment of angina in Scotland: age, sex and socioeconomic disparities: a population-based study

Objective: To examine the epidemiology, primary care burden and treatment of angina in Scotland. Design: Cross-sectional data from primary care practices participating in the Scottish continuous morbidity recording scheme between 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2002. Setting: 55 primary care practices (362 155 patients). Participants: 9508 patients with angina. Results: The prevalence of angina in Scotland was 28/1000 in men and 25/1000 in women (p < 0.05) and increased with age. The prevalence of angina also increased with increasing socioeconomic deprivation from 18/1000 in the least deprived category to 31/1000 in the most deprived group (p < 0.001 for trend). The incidence of angina was higher in men (1.8/1000) than in women (1.4/1000) (p = 0.004) and increased with increasing age and socioeconomic deprivation. Socioeconomically deprived patients (0.48 contacts/patient among the most deprived) were less likely than affluent patients (0.58 contacts/patient among the least deprived) to see their general practitioner on an ongoing basis p = 0.006 for trend). Among men, 52% were prescribed β blockers, 44% calcium channel blockers, 72% aspirin, 54% statins and 36% angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. The corresponding prescription rates for women were 46% (p < 0.001), 41% (p = 0.02), 69% (p < 0.001), 45% (p < 0.001) and 30% (p < 0.001). Among patients < 75 years old 52% were prescribed a β blocker and 58% a statin. The corresponding figures for patients ⩾ 75 years were 42% (p < 0.001) and 31% (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Angina is a common condition, more so in men than in women. Socioeconomically deprived patients are more likely to have angina but are less likely to consult their general practitioner. Guideline-recommended treatments for angina are underused in women and older patients. These suboptimal practice patterns, which are worst in older women, are of particular concern, as in Scotland more women (and particularly older women) than men have angina.
Analysis of human papillomavirus type‐16 variants in Italian women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV‐16) classes (E, AA, As, Af1, Af2) and their variants have different geographic distribution and different degrees of association with cervical lesions. This study was designed to examine HPV‐16 variants among Italian women and their prevalence in case patients (affected by invasive cervical carcinoma or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2–3 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1), versus control subjects with normal cervical epithelium (controls). A total of 90 HPV‐16 positive cervical samples from women of Italian Caucasian descent have been tested, including 36 invasive cervical carcinomas, 21 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasias grade 2–3, 17 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 and 16 controls. HPV‐16 was detected with an E6/E7 gene‐specific polymerase chain reaction, and variant HPV‐16 classes and subclasses were identified by direct nucleotide sequencing of the region coding for the E6 and the E7 oncoproteins, the MY09/11‐amplified highly conserved L1 region, and the long control region (LCR). Among the 90 HPV‐16 samples, nine viral variants have been identified belonging to the European (Ep‐T350 and E‐G350) and non‐European (AA and Af‐1) branches. The E‐G350 is the prevalent variant in all analyzed different disease stages being present in 55.5% of ICC, 52.4% of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias 2–3, 47.1% of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1, and 50.0% of control samples. The non‐European variants AA and Af1, rarely detected in control samples, represent 33.3% of all HPV‐16 infections in invasive cervical carcinoma (with a peak of 19.4% and 13.9%, respectively), showing a statistically significant increase in frequency in more advanced lesions (χ2 trend = 7.2; P < 0.05). The prevalence of HPV‐16 Ep‐T350, however, is higher in controls (43.7%) and in of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (41.2%) than in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2–3 (28.6%) and in invasive cervical carcinoma (11.1%) cases strongly suggesting lack of progression for pre‐neoplastic lesions associated with such variant. The increased frequency of non‐European variants in invasive lesions suggests that they are more oncogenic than European variants. This could have implications for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. J. Med. Virol. 74:117–126, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PENDAPATAN DAN RISIKO USAHATANI JAHE DI KECAMATAN PENENGAHAN KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

This research aimed to assess the income , the risk of farming, and the correlation risk toward income of ginger farming . This research was conducted by survey method , involving 60 farmer respondents with four years far ming experience s . The d ata of this research was collected i n Juni – Juli 2016. The third objective was analyzed by multiple linear regre s sion and the other analysis used in this research was descriptive and quantitative analysis. The result s showed that the income of g inger farming was Rp 28 , 038 , 043 . 74 / ha and the value of R/C on total cost 1 . 68. The r isk of ginger farming w as on high category in which CV value was 0.51. The r isk of ginger farming had significantly influence the income . Key words: ginger, income, production, risk
Food access, food security and community gardens in Rockford, IL

ABSTRACT Urban agriculture projects seek to ameliorate issues of food access and food security for people living in areas with low access to fresh foods, including food deserts. Within this discourse, community gardens have been promoted as vehicles to reclaim unused urban space, produce food locally and connect populations to their food sources and larger community. A variety of community garden models exist; in the Midwestern city of Rockford, Illinois, many community gardens grow food for donation to food pantries as part of a programme to benefit socioeconomically disadvantaged persons in the city. However, the ability of these gardens to involve neighbourhood participants and provide the social capital-related benefits attributed to community gardens in the literature is uncertain. Here we examine community gardens in Rockford, IL to assess the extent to which they contribute to residents’ ability to obtain fresh produce as well as other social benefits. Data for this project come from a combination of interviews with gardeners, focus groups with food pantry users and a survey of pantry users. We find that while non-gardening community members are benefitting from the increased produce that the gardens provide, they are not receiving all of the social and communal benefits associated with actively participating in a garden.
[Determination of bacterial N portions in feces and differently collected ileum chymus from swine].

In faeces and ileal digesta samples of 31 intact (INT) as well as 73 surgically differently prepared pigs bacterial fractionations and 2.6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) estimations were carried out in order to calculate the bacterial N proportion in faeces N and digesta N after feeding various diets. Because of a high individual variability and the analytical variation width of the DAP/N-ratios no distinct influences of the fed diets could be found. The average DAP/N-values in the faeces (0.224) of INT pigs ranged in the same magnitude as in the digesta (0.0272) of ileorectostomized (IRA) pigs with open colon descendens (IRAo), where a digesta backflow is possible. Distinct lower DAP/N-ratios (0.0125 resp. 0.0043), however, were found in the digesta of pigs with ileo-caecal cannulae (IZB) or IRA pigs with closed colon (IRAg). On the base of various premises (N of the "bacterial fraction" C is only bacterial N; the DAP found in fraction A originates from intestinal bacteria adhering to feed particles) conducted calculations of the bacterial N proportions (in per cent of total N) led to the following data: Faeces of INT pigs: 43.0 . 68.2 vs. 69.6 . 89.0; digesta of operated pigs (except protein free diet) IRAo: 22.3 . 57.0 vs. 46.2 . 73.8; IZB: 17.0 . 35.7 vs. 25.2 . 53.6; IRAg (only 3 pigs): 23.6 vs. 24.2. The proportion of bacterial N in the digesta N of protein free fed IRAo pigs was 22.0 vs. 22.6%.
Revisiting Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Consumer Price Inflation in Nigeria: A Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Approach

This study revisits the extent of Exchange Rate Pass-Through (ERPT) in Nigeria based on a Cointegrated Autoregressive Model proposed by Johansen (1988, 1995). Using the annual data from 1960 to 2015, it is found that exchange rate has a positive and significant effect on consumer price inflation, captured by CPI both in the short- and long-run dynamics. The findings also show that import price index and trade openness index have positive and significant effects on consumer price inflation; although the effect of import price index is statistically flawed in the short-run. The implication of this study, therefore, is that exchange rate, import price index and trade openness index are the major determinants of consumer price inflation in the long-run but in the short-run the effect of import price index is blunted.
The persistence of firm-specific post-earnings announcement returns

ABSTRACT This paper examines whether estimates of post-earnings-announcement returns derived from the historical firm-specific relation between earnings and returns help predict future post-earnings-announcement returns. We find that firms with historically high post-earnings announcement returns continue to exhibit high post-earnings announcement returns following future earnings surprises. This finding stands after controlling for a series of confounding factors. A trading strategy which takes advantage of this firm-specific persistence improves returns by approximately 6.2 per cent, annually after accounting for transaction costs. These results are consistent with investors failing to incorporate past firm-specific experience when pricing current quarter earnings announcements.
Improved Opportunistic Auto Rate protocols for wireless networks

Currently a number of 802.11 based standards support multiple rates at physical layer and recently 802.11 MAC protocols have been modified to make use of these multiple rates. Two such mechanisms, opportunistic auto rate (OAR) and receiver based auto rate (RBAR) have shown to improve throughput performance of wireless LANs as well as infrastructure-less wireless networks. However these protocols are unable to adapt to short-term changes in channel conditions during transmission as well as unable to use optimum power and throughput during packet transmissions. In this paper, an improved opportunistic auto rate protocol (IOAR) has been proposed as an efficient rate adaptive MAC. Two subtypes of IOAR based on power control requirement have been proposed. Using an event based simulation we show that the proposed schemes outperform the existing rate adaptive MAC protocols such as RBAR and OAR, in terms of throughput by upto about 24%.
"Worshipping in My Head": Everyday Devotional Practices and Disciplines of Listening among Ghanaian Christians

Taking as a starting point the premise that listening is a historically and socially constituted practice, in this article I examine ways of listening as an integral part of everyday devotional practices among Ghanaian Christians. My specific interest is in how technologically mediated practices of listening are part of the formation and transformation of religious subjectivity and how listening is framed as a religious and devotional practice. In particular, I focus on how recorded music features in the every day lives of born-again believers and how they use Christian popular music for religious purposes and in negotiating their identity as Christians. Building on earlier research on the ritual use of music in the context of charismatic church services (Carl, 2012, 2014, 2015), in this article I concentrate on disciplines of listening as a form of ritualized behavior in the everyday lives of believers. Gospel music is extraordinarily popular in Ghana, as an integral feature of Christian worship as well as a part of the broader cultural landscape. John Collins (2004, 2012) has stressed the close connection between the rise of gospel music and the emergence of Charismatism from the 1980s onward. In his seminal article on Ghanaian Christianity and popular entertainment, he situated gospel highlife and forms of popular social dance in a broader historical context, showing how, since the late 19th century, popular entertainment and Christianity in Ghana have continuously crossfertilized each other, forming what he calls a “creative circular relationship” (Collins, 2004, p. 421). This creative feedback has, Collins argues, after the 1970s, also led to the emergence of “popular Christianity” as a “transcultural urban phenomenon” (p. 421). Abamfo Atiemo (2006), on the other hand, provided us with a useful overview of Ghanaian gospel music, focusing on Akan song texts from different time periods and arguing for their
Failing to develop a sense of ownership: A study in the consumer co-operative context

Abstract Emerging interest in psychological ownership in the domain of marketing calls for better understanding of situations wherein the customers are also the owners of the company. Accordingly, psychological ownership has been proposed to capture the intimate link between customer-owners and the cooperative. However, empirical research has found a diluted relationship between customer-owners and cooperatives in practice. The paper examines empirical data from customer-owners of a Finnish retail cooperative for insight into the factors that prevent feelings of psychological ownership from emerging. By means of thematic analysis, the study identified nine challenges and several distinct reasons for them.
OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR THEORIES OF PROBABILISTIC REINFORCEMENT

In three experiments, pigeons chose between two alternatives that differed in the probability of reinforcement and the delay to reinforcement. A peck at a red key led to a delay of 5 s and then a possible reinforcer. A peck at a green key led to an adjusting delay and then a certain reinforcer. This delay was adjusted over trials so as to estimate an indifference point, or a duration at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. In Experiments 1 and 2, the intertrial interval was varied across conditions, and these variations had no systematic effects on choice. In Experiment 3, the stimuli that followed a choice of the red key differed across conditions. In some conditions, a red houselight was presented for 5 s after each choice of the red key. In other conditions, the red houselight was present on reinforced trials but not on nonreinforced trials. Subjects exhibited greater preference for the red key in the latter case. The results were used to evaluate four different theories of probabilistic reinforcement. The results were most consistent with the view that the value or effectiveness of a probabilistic reinforcer is determined by the total time per reinforcer spent in the presence of stimuli associated with the probabilistic alternative. According to this view, probabilistic reinforcers are analogous to reinforcers that are delivered after variable delays.
Multilocus Association of Genetic Variants in MLL, CREBBP, EP300, and TOP2A with Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Hispanics from Texas

Background: Hispanic children have both a higher incidence and a poorer outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Moreover, a higher incidence for therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23 translocations after treatment with topoisomerase II (topo II) inhibitors has been observed in Hispanic children with ALL. We sought to determine the potential role of genetic variants within the topoisomerase IIα gene (TOP2A), within the mixed lineage leukemia gene (MLL) and two of its translocation partners, cyclin AMP response element-binding protein gene (CREBBP) and E1A binding protein gene (EP300) in the increased sensitivity of Hispanic children with ALL to topo II inhibitors. Methods: Fifty-two tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) covering the four genes were genotyped in 241 samples (66 children with ALL and 175 age matched controls) of self-identified Hispanic origin. Results: Two SNPs within MLL (rs525549 and rs6589664) and three SNPs within EP300 (rs5758222, rs7286979, and rs20551) were significantly associated with ALL (P = 0.001–0.04). A significant gene-dosage effect for increasing numbers of potential high-risk genotypes (OR = 16.66; P = 2 × 10−5) and a major haplotype significantly associated with ALL (OR = 5.68; P = 2 × 10−6) were found. Replication in a sample of 137 affected White children and 239 controls showed that only rs6589664 (MLL) was significantly associated in this ethnic group. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the association between ALL and common genetic variants within MLL and EP300 is population specific. Impact: Replication of our findings in independent Hispanic populations is warranted to elucidate the role of these variants in ALL susceptibility and define their importance in the ethnic specific differences in ALL risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(6); 1204–12. ©2011 AACR.
Women Advancing to Leadership Positions: A Qualitative Study of Women Leaders in IT and ITES Sector in India

The article examines the key factors that facilitate the advancement of women to leadership positions in the information technology and information technology enabled services (IT and ITES) sector in India. It adopted interview based exploratory case study method using multiple case studies and gathered empirical data using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The study identified critical individual and organizational factors which facilitate the advancement of women in leadership positions. The findings are of value to human resource and diversity practitioners to create gender-balanced and inclusive leadership in the organizations that would lead to attracting, retaining and developing women talent for leadership roles.
High incidence of cervical human papillomavirus infection in women during their first sexual relationship

The prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus increases with increasing numbers of sexual partners, leaving the impression that this infection is acquired only as a result of high risk sexual behaviour. Using longitudinal data from 242 women who had only had one sexual partner, we found that the risk of acquiring cervical human papillomavirus infection was 46% (95% CI 28–64) at three years after first intercourse and that the median time from first intercourse to first detection of human papillomavirus was only three months.
An Analysis of Intraday Market Response to Crude Oil Inventory Shocks

This paper investigates the intraday market activity of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil futures around the release of the US Energy Intelligence Agency (EIA) report, looking at how prices respond to inventory shocks. It also examines the impacts of belief dispersion and calendar effect as well as oil price movement between the releases of the American Petroleum Institute (API) and EIA reports. Market activity, in terms of price return, volatility and trading volume, responds to inventory shock very quickly, with the effects lasting for about twenty-five minutes. Our results suggest that a positive (negative) inventory shock will result in an immediate price decline (rise), while both kinds of shock increase volatility and trading volume; however, the price reverts quickly after the initial reaction. Moreover, wider belief dispersion is associated with a larger market response to inventory shock. Last, we discuss some intraday trading strategies on EIA report days. Interestingly, we exhibit an even better strategy than the “natural” one of going long (short) after the announcement of a lower-than-expected inventory at 10:30, that is, an alternate strategy that follows the market move between 10:20 and 10:25. This indicates that some market participants may benefit from wireless towers or other systems giving them access to the news prior to its release by the EIA (www.eia.org).
Acute and Chronic Effects of Noninvasive Ventilation on Left and Right Myocardial Function in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Study

In patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), repetitive hypoxia due to sleep‐induced apnea adversely affects the interaction between myocardial oxygen demand and supply, resulting in the development of subclinical cardiac dysfunction. The purpose of the study was to analyze the different involvement of left and right heart myocardial function in patients with OSAS treated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV).
Rimonabant improves metabolic parameters partially attributed to restoration of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels in skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice

Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) inhibition tends to be one of the promising strategies for the treatment of obesity and other related metabolic disorders. Although CB1R inhibition may cause adverse psychiatric effects including depression and anxiety, the investigation of the role of peripheral CB1R on weight loss and related metabolic parameters are urgently needed. We first explored the effect of rimonabant, a selective CB1R antagonist/inverse agonist, on some metabolic parameters in high fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. Then, real-time PCR and electrophysiology were used to explore the contribution of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (HVACCs), especially Cav1.1, on rimonabant's effect in skeletal muscle (SM) in HFD-induced obesity. Five-week HFD feeding caused body weight gain, and decreased glucose/insulin tolerance in mice compared to those in the regular diet group (P<0.05), which was restored by rimonabant treatment compared to the HFD group (P<0.05). Interestingly, HVACCs and Cav1.1 were decreased in soleus muscle cells in the HFD group compared to the control group. Daily treatment with rimonabant for 5 weeks was shown to counter such decrease (P<0.05). Collectively, our findings provided a novel understanding for peripheral CB1R's role in the modulation of body weight and glucose homeostasis and highlight peripheral CB1R as well as Cav1.1 in the SM as potential targets for obesity treatment.
Credit Availability and Internal Migration: Evidence from Thailand

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between borrowing and internal migration. Exploiting the micro-finance scheme Village Fund in Thailand, it investigates the short- and medium-term effects of borrowing since the policy’s introduction. Employing an instrumental variables approach, borrowing is instrumented using the inverse number of households per village at the beginning of the policy to capture potential credit availability. The findings suggest that internal migration in Thailand is not credit constrained and its interaction with credit is time-related. Borrowing reduces internal migration in the medium-term, but is found not to affect migration when the policy is first introduced.