Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SENSORY DEFICITS IN VISUAL AGNOSIA

In recent years, Bay (1950, 1953) has repeatedly claimed that the so-called " higher" perceptual disorders are secondary to sensory impairment, to general intellectual loss, to language disturbance, or to a combination of these three factors. He denies strongly that agnosia in its classical sense of a circumscribed defect of recognition, specific to a single sense modality, in reality exists. Bay maintains that abnormal alterations in visual function (pathologischer Funktionswandel) may be present in cases conventionally held to display symptoms of agnosia and may play an important role in the genesis of this disorder. Although these sensory deficits may escape detection on routine examination of the visual fields, it is argued that they are measurable by means of a special test of local adaptation. This test has been fully described by Bay (1950, 1953). His results indicate first, that alterations in adaptation rate are prominent in most patients with clinical signs of agnosia; and secondly that such visual deficits may occur in perimetrically normal areas of the visual field. In general, Bay reports that significant alterations in visual efficiency are present in all cases of " agnosia " in which there is neither disorder of language nor significant global deterioration. These contentions have been critically examined at a symposium of German neurologists held in 1951. The consensus of opinion cannot be said to favour Bay's interpretation. Thus it was argued by both Jung (1951) and Scheller (1951) that visual impairment together with non-specific intellectual loss could hardly explain the diversity of visualagnosic syndromes and their relative specificity in terms of content (object agnosia, alexia, spatial agnosia, etc.). Faust (1951, 1955) has drawn a distinction between genuine and " pseudo-agnosic " symptoms; only the latter, he believes, are to be explained in terms of sensory loss in the manner proposed by Bay. It is also noteworthy that Russell (1951) has reported accelerated visual adaptation in the absence of visual agnosia; and Jaffe (1955)
Collaborative Edge Computing and Caching With Deep Reinforcement Learning Decision Agents

Large amounts of data will be generated due to the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and 5th generation mobile networks (5G), the processing and analysis requirements of big data will challenge existing networks and processing platforms. As the most promising technology in 5G networks, edge computing will greatly ease the pressure on network and data processing analysis on the edge. In this paper, we considered the coordination between compute and cache resources between multi-level edge computing nodes (ENs), users under this system can offload computing tasks to ENs to improve quality of service (QoS). We aimed to maximize the long-term profit on the edge, while satisfying the low-latency computing of the users, and jointly optimize the edge-side node offloading strategy and resource allocation. However, it is challenging to obtain an optimal strategy in such a dynamic and complex system. To solve the complex resource allocation problem on the edge and make edge have certain adaptation and cooperation, we used double deep Q-learning (DDQN) to make decisions, ability to maximize long-term gains while making quick decisions. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of DDQN in maximizing revenue when allocation resources on the edge.
Relationship between Diabetes and Ischemic Stroke: Analysis of Diabetes- Related Risk Factors for Stroke and of Specific Patterns of Stroke Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes and ischemic stroke are common diseases that frequently occurring together. Among patients with diabetes mellitus several factors contribute in varying degrees to the overall cerebrovascular risk including hyperglycemia, vascular risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia and also genetic, demographic, and lifestyle factors and several studies have shown that people with diabetes have approximately twice the risk of ischemic stroke compared with those without diabetes. The association between ischemic stroke and diabetes is bidirectional and it is not limited to acute ischemic stroke since diabetes may contribute to a more insidious brain damage represented by lacunar infarcts increasing the risk of dementia and leading to a steeper decline in cognitive function. The higher cerebrovascular risk profile of subjects with diabetes mellitus emphasizes the importance of secondary prevention strategies with the aim to prevent a substantial number of these disabling strokes among patients with diabetes. In this review, we describe the relationship between glucose metabolism and acute ischemic stroke and focus on the analysis of diabetes-related risk factor for stroke and on specific patterns of stroke type associated with diabetes.
An Exploratory Survey for Understanding Perceptions, Knowledge and Educational Needs of General Practitioners (GSs) Regarding Autistic Disorders in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.

AIM A survey was conducted to ascertain General Practitioners (GPs') perceptions, knowledge and educational needs regarding autistic disorders in childhood. METHODS A concurrent mixed method approach was used for data collection and analysis. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the data was done and groups were compared using appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS There was more response from female GPs, Australian medical graduates and those with an interest in mental and /or child health. Variability was noted in how GPs perceived their competence and knowledge of autistic disorders. About 60% correctly believed that an early-individualised treatment programme was evidence based. Knowledge was inversely related to the number of years in practice and enhanced by personal involvement with children of these disorders and awareness of community resources. Parallel analysis of knowledge scale revealed a "general knowledge" dimension loading items helpful for early identification and referral and a "surveillance" dimension helpful for ongoing involvement of GPs for management of children with ASDs. CONCLUSIONS Although further development and refinement of knowledge questionnaire using these dimensions for primary care physicians are needed these are relevant target areas for education.
A Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses Among People With HIV

Background The concentration and duration of antibodies (Ab) to SARS-CoV-2 infection predicts the severity of the disease and the clinical outcomes. Older people and those with HIV have impaired immune responses, worse outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and lower antibody responses after viral infection and vaccination. This study evaluated an Ab response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV (PWH) and without HIV (HIV-) and its association with age. Methods A total of 23 COVID+PWH and 21 COVID+HIV- participants were followed longitudinally for 6 months post-mild COVID-19. Immunoglobin G (IgG) and immunoglobin M (IgM) Ab responses were measured by an in-house developed ELISA. Time points and HIV status interaction were analyzed using Poisson generalized estimating equations, and correlations were analyzed using non-parametric tests. Results Median age in PWH was 55 years with 28.6% women, while in the HIV- group was 36 years with 60.9% women. The mean time from COVID-19 diagnosis to study enrollment was 16 days for PWH and 11 days for HIV-. The mean CD4+ T-cell count/μl for PWH was 772.10 (±365.21). SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG were detected at all time points and Ab response levels did not differ by HIV status (p > 0.05). At entry, age showed a weak direct association with IgG responses (ρ = 0.44, p < 0.05) in HIV- but did not show any association in PWH. Similar associations between age, IgG, and HIV status emerged at day 14 (T1; ρ = 0.50, p < 0.05), 3 months (T3; ρ = 0.50, p < 0.05), and 6 months visit (T4; ρ = 0.78, p < 0.05) in the HIV- group. Conclusion The Ab responses in the 6-month post-SARS-CoV-2 infection did not differ by HIV status, though a positive association was found between age and Ab response in older PWH. Results suggest that immune protection and vaccine responses are similar for PWH than for those without HIV infection.
Peroneus brevis tendon transfer in neglected tears of the Achilles tendon.

BACKGROUND We present the results of a single-center, single-surgeon study in 59 patients with a fresh (4 women and 23 men; mean age, 43.6 +/- 8.8 years) or a neglected (1 woman and 21 men; mean age, 41.3 +/- 7.4 years) Achilles tendon rupture. METHODS Patients with a fresh rupture were operated on using end-to-end suture, and patients with a neglected rupture received the tendon of the peroneus brevis as an autologous graft. Patients were assessed during the sixth postoperative week, and during the sixth postoperative month. They were discharged within 1 year after the operation, and were reviewed at an average of 53 +/- 13 months after surgery. RESULTS Patients were generally satisfied with the procedure, but those with a neglected rupture tended to have a greater postoperative complication rate, greater loss of isokinetic strength variables at high speeds, and greater loss of calf circumference. CONCLUSION The management of acute and neglected subcutaneous tears of the Achilles tendon by peroneus tendon transfer is safe but technically demanding. It affords good recovery, even in patients with a neglected rupture of 6 weeks' to 9 months' duration. Patients with a neglected rupture are at a slightly greater risk of postoperative complications, and their ankle plantar flexion strength can be reduced.
Interaction between statolith organs and semicircular canals on apparent vertical and nystagmus. Investigations on the effectiveness of the statolith organs.

The effect of postrotatory vertical canal stimulation on nystagmus and apparent vertical was investigated as a function of the tilt position at stop in a vertical roll-plane. Nystagmus duration and number of beats as well as the effect on the apparent vertical increased with change of stop position from head-up to head-down. The results are interpreted in terms of a hypothesis which proposes a decline of effectiveness of the statolith organs with increasing degree of tilt. This is discussed with respect to related findings.
Fuzzy Time Series Method for Forecasting Taiwan Export Data

Forecasting accuracy is one of the most favorable critical issues in Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. The study compares the application of two forecasting methods on the amount of Taiwan export, the Fuzzy time series method and ARIMA method. Model discussed for the ARIMA method and Fuzzy time series method include the Sturges rules. When the sample period is extend in our models, the ARIMA models shows smaller than predicted error and closer predicted path to the realistic trend than those of the Fuzzy models, resulted in more accurate forecast of the export amount the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models. In the economic viewpoints, the amount of Taiwan export is mainly attributable to external factors. However, this impact reduces with time and export amount in the time series analysis. The ARIMA models can be utilized to predicted export value accurately, when all of value or data is available.
Contribution à l'élaboration curriculaire d'une éducation scientifique à l'école primaire : modélisation des moments scolaires à visée scientifique

A l'ecole primaire dans laquelle les disciplines scientifiques ne constituent encore qu'un horizon, l'education scientifique ne peut pas prendre les formes concues pour le secondaire. En premier lieu, la reference epistemologique aux sciences doit etre pensee non seulement en termes de savoirs mais aussi de pratiques ; en second lieu, la conception psychologique de l'objectivation scientifique doit prendre en compte la continuite entre les trois " mondes " - interieur, physique et social - ou se manifeste la pensee et le role d'intermediaire joue par les signes ; enfin, il est necessaire de considerer l'interconnexion du curriculum a visee scientifique avec les autres curriculums de l'ecole primaire ainsi que la multiplicite des references, des visees et des constructions possibles a l'ecole primaire. Il s'agit donc de preciser les caracteristiques, les dynamiques et les relations des moments principalement scientifiques dans le flux des moments scolaires. Nous proposons de penser le curriculum comme un ensemble de moments scolaires a visee scientifique relies entre eux et avec d'autres moments par des relations de cohesion et de coherence : la cohesion est ce qui permet d'assurer une relation de continuite entre deux moment distincts alors que la coherence est ce qui permet a un ensemble de moments distincts de contribuer a une meme visee. La dynamique de chaque moment a visee scientifique repose sur deux processus : l'" objectification ", prise en charge par l'enseignant, qui conduit, a partir de differentes ressources ou references, a des objets a la fois materiels et symboliques apprehendables par les eleves et l'" objectivation ", prise en charge principalement par les eleves qui conduit a differentes elaborations a partir de ces objets et des tâches associees. Nous montrons que cette elaboration curriculaire ouvre des pistes pour renouveler la problematique de l'education scientifique a l'ecole primaire. Le rapprochement entre objet, signe et œuvre permet de concevoir un contenu dynamique des moments scolaires - contenu qui se transforme dans une activite a la fois empirique et dialogique. Par ailleurs, la capacite a gerer les relations de cohesion et de coherence entre ces moments a visee scientifique et au sein d'un reseau curriculaire plus large apparait comme un element cle pour definir une specialite des enseignants du premier degre.
[The theory of migration].

"The present and expected migration flows in Europe require a detailed analysis of determinants and elements of migration decisions. This survey encompasses a view on classical--labor market and demand side oriented--theories, the more recent human capital approach as well as on migration under asymmetric information. Since these theories so far yield an unsatisfactory basis for description and forecasting of multilateral migration flows, a closer look at empirical methods of migration research is taken. Consequently, a description of possible policy oriented applications of the gravity model and the random utility approach, with their descriptive and normative characteristics, is given. " (SUMMARY IN ENG)
Evidence-Based Dietary Guidance and the Role of Dairy Products for Appropriate Nutrition in the Elderly

Food consumption surveys in the elderly come to the general conclusions that most elderly people outside institutions eat reasonably well. There is, however, tremendous variation in health status between older adults. The aging process is complex and influenced not only by factors intrinsic to the individual but also by extrinsic factors. The latter includes nutrition. In the various phases in the aging process, nutritional status and thus appropriate nutrition differ. Undernutrition is a great concern. In community-dwelling people older than 70 years, 5%–10% are undernourished, and for institutionalized elderly, this is up to 30%–65%. The cause is often inappropriate food consumption, and treatment is not always evidence based. National evidence-based dietary guidelines are mainly for healthy elderly people and vary between regions and even between institutes within the same region. To understand these differences, insight is required into the paradigm applied for nutritional science and the designs, selection of the older population, methodology, and endpoints of studies supplying the science behind the guidelines. A European project (Eurecca) compiles and harmonizes dietary guidelines. These activities underpin the need for sound evidence to improve the nutrition of older adults in different health phases. For frail elderly, there is also a plea to take into account results of studies on food satisfaction. First studies in this field show the effectiveness of an adapted social context for meals, appropriate nutritional care, and availability of tasty drinks and foods for selected groups of older adults. Because of the nutrient richness of dairy products and their good taste, these foods are helpful in the diet of healthy as well as frail elderly people. Key teaching points: • Most elderly people eat reasonably well. There are, however, large differences in health status between elderly people and therefore also in nutrient requirements. • Undernutrition is a main concern. In community-dwelling people older than 70 years, 5%–10% are undernourished, and for institutionalized elderly, this is up to 30%–65%. • Evidence-based dietary guidelines are developed mainly for healthy elderly people and vary between regions. Harmonization will improve public health as well as clinical nutritional strategies. • Given the nutrient density of dairy products, these products are included in balanced dietary advice for older adults.
HE I MPACT OF T AXES ON L OCATION D ECISIONS

In this study, we investigate whether taxes influence the location of real business activities. To this end, we identify a natural experiment in the German tax regime and find that lower tax rates in a particular region are associated with firms paying higher wages in that region. Moreover, our findings show that firms adapt to changes in tax rates over time by making decisions about locating their workforce that are consistent with the hypothesis of tax-induced income shifting. We conclude that the frequently employed argument that business income shifting is undertaken primarily through accounting changes does not necessarily hold; thus, in addition to reducing the income of domestic firms, unfavorable changes in the tax system may also reduce domestic investment and curtail real business activity.
Latent Spinal Cord and Brain Stem Injury in Newborn Infants

Spinal cord and brain stem injuries occur often during the process of birth, but frequently escape diagnosis. Respiratory depression in the neonate is a cardinal signal of such injury. In infants who survive there may be lasting neurologic defects reflecting the primary injury; in some, secondary hypoxic damage to the cerebrum may ultimately be manifested as cerebral palsy, mental retardation, or other central nervous system defects.
A Single-nucleotide Polymorphism of CCR6 (rs3093024) Is Associated with Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis But Not Ankylosing Spondylitis, in a Taiwanese Population

To the Editor: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease with chronic inflammatory reactions in the synovial tissue and joint destruction. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of RA1. Using genome-wide association analysis, Kochi, et al identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs3093024) in the CCR6 gene that was associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis2. Further, the genotype of CCR6 correlated with the concentration of interleukin 17 in the sera of subjects with RA2. We investigated whether the polymorphism of CCR6 is associated with susceptibility to RA in a Taiwanese population. A total of 1441 … Address correspondence to Dr. J.H. Yen or Dr. W.C. Chang, 100 Tzu Chi First Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan, Kaohsiung 701. , E-mail: wcc{at}kmu.edu. tw or jehsye{at}kmu.edu. tw
Mitochondrial proteome remodelling in pressure overload-induced heart failure: the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress.

AIMS We investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in mitochondrial proteome remodelling using mouse models of heart failure induced by pressure overload. METHODS AND RESULTS We demonstrate that mice overexpressing catalase targeted to mitochondria (mCAT) attenuate pressure overload-induced heart failure. An improved method of label-free unbiased analysis of the mitochondrial proteome was applied to the mouse model of heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). A total of 425 mitochondrial proteins were compared between wild-type and mCAT mice receiving TAC or sham surgery. The changes in the mitochondrial proteome in heart failure included decreased abundance of proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism, an increased abundance of proteins in glycolysis, apoptosis, mitochondrial unfolded protein response and proteolysis, transcription and translational control, and developmental processes as well as responses to stimuli. Overexpression of mCAT better preserved proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism and attenuated the increases in apoptotic and proteolytic enzymes. Interestingly, gene ontology analysis also showed that monosaccharide metabolic processes and protein folding/proteolysis were only overrepresented in mCAT but not in wild-type mice in response to TAC. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate that scavenging mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mCAT not only attenuates most of the mitochondrial proteome changes in heart failure, but also induces a subset of unique alterations. These changes represent processes that are adaptive to the increased work and metabolic requirements of pressure overload, but which are normally inhibited by overproduction of mitochondrial ROS.
Fixed points of asymptotically regular nonexpansive mappings on nonconvex sets

It is shown that if X is a Banach space and C is a union of finitely many nonempty, pairwise disjoint, closed, and connected subsets {Ci:1≤i≤n } of X, and each Ci has the fixed-point property (FPP) for asymptotically regular nonexpansive mappings, then any asymptotically regular nonexpansive self-mapping of C has a fixed point. We also generalize the Goebel-Schoneberg theorem to some Banach spaces with Opial's property.
Purification of Collagenase and Specificity of Its Related Enzyme from Bacillus subtilis FS-2

A collagenase in the culture supernatant of B. subtilis FS-2, isolated from traditional fish sauce, was purified. The enzyme had a molecular mass of about 125 kDa. It degraded gelatin with maximum activity at pH 9 and a temperature of 50°C. The purified enzyme was stable over a wide range of pH (5-10) and lost only 15% and 35% activity after incubation at 60°C and 65°C for 30 min, respectively. Slightly inhibited by EDTA, soybean tripsin inhibitor, iodoacetamide, and iodoacetic acid, the enzyme was severely inhibited by 2-β-mercaptoethanol and DFP. The protease from B. subtilis FS-2 culture digested acid casein into fragments with hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids as C-terminals, in particular Asn, Gly, Val, and Ile.
Physical mechanisms of cell damage in microcarrier cell culture bioreactors

The negative effects of excessive agitation on tissue cells in microcarrier culture have often been ascribed to “shear. ” Analysis of the fluid mechanics occurring suggests that there are actually three potential damage mechanisms: collisions of a cell‐covered microcarrier with other beads, collisions with parts of the reactor (primarily the impeller), and interaction with turbulent eddies the size of the microcarrier beads. Review of the available quantitative information on agitation effects in cell cultures does not establish which mechanism is predominant; the range of experimental variables reported emphasizes power input over the other reactor and impeller parameters. The bead–bead collision model is tentatively supported by the available data, but the other mechanisms may still be significant in some systems. The formation of bead aggregates by cellular bridging provides a parallel means of damaging cells. Breaking of these bridges by any of the three means identified earlier can cause cell destruction and/or the net transfer of cells to formerly bare beads. High concentrations of bridges are favored by lower agitation rates, presumably because the bridges are not as quickly destroyed after formation.