Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cryptic record of Burgess Shale‐type diversity from the early Cambrian of Baltica

Exceptionally preserved ‘Burgess Shale‐type’ fossil assemblages from the Cambrian of Laurentia, South China and Australia record a diverse array of non‐biomineralizing organisms. During this time, the palaeocontinent Baltica was geographically isolated from these regions, and is conspicuously lacking in terms of comparable accessible early Cambrian Lagerstätten. Here we report a diverse assemblage of small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from the early Cambrian (Stage 4) File Haidar Formation of southeast Sweden and surrounding areas of the Baltoscandian Basin, including exceptionally preserved remains of Burgess Shale‐type metazoans and other organisms. Recovered SCFs include taxonomically resolvable ecdysozoan elements (priapulid and palaeoscolecid worms), lophotrochozoan elements (annelid chaetae and wiwaxiid sclerites), as well as ‘protoconodonts’, denticulate feeding structures, and a background of filamentous and spheroidal microbes. The annelids, wiwaxiids and priapulids are the first recorded from the Cambrian of Baltica. The File Haidar SCF assemblage is broadly comparable to those recovered from Cambrian basins in Laurentia and South China, though differences at lower taxonomic levels point to possible environmental or palaeogeographical controls on taxon ranges. These data reveal a fundamentally expanded picture of early Cambrian diversity on Baltica, and provide key insights into high‐latitude Cambrian faunas and patterns of SCF preservation. We establish three new taxa based on large populations of distinctive SCFs: Baltiscalida njorda gen. et sp. nov. (a priapulid), Baltichaeta jormunganda gen. et sp. nov. (an annelid) and Baltinema rana gen. et sp. nov. (a filamentous problematicum).
A META-ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND AUDIT QUALITY AND AUDIT COMMITTEE EFFECTIVENESS

Earnings management is of great concern to corporate stakeholders. While numerous studies have investigated various determinants of earnings management relating to corporate governance and audit quality, empirical evidence on their effects is rather inconsistent. Employing meta-analysis techniques, this research integrates and evaluates results from 27 prior studies. All eleven variables examined show a significant effect on earnings management. Researchers are encouraged to build on our results to continue this important research stream.
An analysis of Swedish replacement contracts

The paper studies if temporary jobs in the form of fixed-term replacement contracts reduce the risk of future unemployment among job-seekers. Using exact matching on labour market history and personal characteristics we find positive effects of the replacement contract on future labour market status. We also find that the longer the replacement contract the higher the probability of having an open ended contract at the same site 2–2.5 years after the start of the contract. No effect of the length is found on unemployment, employment or wages. Overall, the results suggest that receiving a fixed term contract reduces the risk of future unemployment, and that a longer contract increases the position within the workplace but not on the market in general. JEL-Code: J64
CCT-K2: key comparison of capsule-type standard platinum resistance thermometers from 13.8 K to 273.16 K

Calibrated capsule-type standard platinum resistance thermometers were used to compare national realizations of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) from 13.8033 K, the triple point of equilibrium hydrogen, to 273.16 K, the triple point of water, for seven countries in CIPM Key Comparison CCT-K2. Measurements were made at temperatures close to the eight low-temperature defining fixed points of the ITS-90, using a copper comparison block capable of simultaneously holding nine thermometers. Two separate measurement runs were performed, allowing two different groups of capsules from each laboratory to be examined. The results are used to determine the degree of equivalence of the independent national realizations of the scale for use in the Mutual Recognition Arrangement Appendix B database. In addition, measurements were made with the first group of thermometers at approximately eighty temperatures throughout the cryogenic range, which provide information to evaluate some of the so-called scale non-uniqueness issues inherent in the ITS-90 interpolation scheme.
Operational aspects of asynchronous filtering for flood forecasting

This study investigates the suitability of the asynchronous ensemble Kalman filter (AEnKF) and a partitioned updating scheme for hydrological forecasting. The AEnKF requires forward integration of the model for the analysis and enables assimilation of current and past observations simultaneously at a single analysis step. The results of discharge assimilation into a grid-based hydrological model (using a soil moisture error model) for the Upper Ourthe catchment in the Belgian Ardennes show that including past predictions and observations in the data assimilation method improves the model forecasts. Additionally, we show that elimination of the strongly non-linear relation between the soil moisture storage and assimilated discharge observations from the model update becomes beneficial for improved operational forecasting, which is evaluated using several validation measures.
Lipid profile and cholesterol of pork with the use of glycerin in feeding

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do fornecimento de diferentes niveis de glicerina na alimentacao sobre o perfil lipidico e colesterol da carne de suinos em terminacao. O delineamento experimental foi organizado inteiramente ao acaso (DIC), com fatorial 5x2, sendo: cinco niveis de glicerina na dieta e dois sexos. Foram utilizados 60 suinos da genetica Topigs (30 machos castrados e 30 femeas), apresentando peso medio inicial de 79,3+4,0kg, e foram terminados com peso de 106,2+4,5kg. Os niveis de glicerina utilizados foram de 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200g/kg na materia natural. As analises de perfil lipidico e de colesterol foram realizadas nos musculos longissimus dorsi (lombo) e semimembranosus (pernil) do lado esquerdo das carcacas. Ocorreu interacao entre os niveis de glicerina bruta na dieta e a categoria sexual para o perfil de acidos graxos e colesterol. A carne dos machos castrados apresentou no lombo maiores medias de C16:0, C16:1, C20:3ω3, C18:1ω9c, Total de acidos graxos Saturados (SFA) e Monoinsaturados (MUFA). No pernil, maiores medias foram verificadas para os acidos graxos C18:1ω9c, MUFA, atividade da ∆9-desaturaseC18 e ElongaseC16-C18 em machos castrados. A carne das femeas suinas apresentou maiores proporcoes de acidos graxos poli-insaturados e da serie ω6 para ambos os cortes. A quantidade de colesterol na carne das femeas suinas apresentou aumento em funcao do nivel de glicerina na dieta. A carne dos machos castrados apresentou maiores indices de aterogenicidade que das femeas. Os niveis de glicerina alteraram o perfil lipidico e teor de colesterol em funcao da categoria sexual, promovendo efeito diferenciado no lombo e pernil.
A new graptolite, intermediate between the Tuboidea and the Camaroidea

A new tuboid graptolite, Camarotubus graptocamaraeformis gen. et sp.n. , is described from a calcareous erratic boulder of middle Ordovician (Caradoc? ) age from Poland. This encrusting form combines characters of both the tuboid and the camaroid graptolites, and is regarded as a purely morphological intermediate between them. This finding supports Kozlowski's (1949) concept of a close phylogenetic relationship between the orders Tuboidea and Camaroidea.
Nonparametric Nonstationary Autoregression and Nonparametric Cointegrating Regression: Automated Bandwidth Selection

We propose an automated bandwidth selection procedure for the nonparametric estimation of conditional moments, focusing on nonparametric nonstationary autoregressions and nonparametric cointegrating regressions. The methods apply to both �-recurrent Markov chains and nonlinear functions of integrated processes, the stationary short-memory case being a sub-case of the former. The procedure consists in choosing the relevant bandwidth(s) by virtue of the minimization of a set of moment conditions constructed using nonparametric residuals. Local and uniform versions of the criterion are proposed. The selected bandwidths are rate-optimal up to a logarithmic factor, a typical cost of adaptation in other contexts. We further show that the bias induced by (near) minimax optimality can be removed by virtue of a simple randomized procedure. We provide an initial solution to a largely open problem, that of bandwidth selection in nonstationary models, rather than an alternative solution to cross-validation, which is solely justi…ed in stationary environments. However, in light of the widespread use of cross-validation in empirical work, the …nite sample behavior of our proposed bandwidth selection method, and that of its subsequent bias correction, are analyzed in a Monte Carlo exercise and compared to cross-validation. We …nd that our combined procedure fares favorably with respect to it and delivers conditional moment estimates conforming accurately with their limiting normal laws.
THE USE OF TARTARY BUCKWHEAT WHOLE FLOUR FOR BAKERY PRODUCTS: RECENT EXPERIENCE IN ITALY

Nowadays consumers are paying increasing attention to the health subtle bearings of the food they consume. The term nutraceutical has been adopted to point to those food preparations which are acknowledged to possess health beneficial properties. Most of these properties rely on the presence of bioactive compounds in the various food ingredients. Among bioactive food components an important group is represented by the flavonoids, of which rutin is credited to exert a multiplicity of health beneficial effects. Tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum), whose whole flour contains high amounts of rutin (up to 2000 mg/100 g dry weight), offers the opportunity to obtain a new range of functional foods capable of providing the consumers effective amounts of such bioactive compound through the daily average consumption of traditional wheat based staples like bread and biscuits. A preliminary attempt was made to verify the possibility to secure, through the preventive nutrition approach, the multiplicity of health beneficial properties rutin is expected to exert, thanks to the
Seabird-trawling interactions: factors affecting species-specific to regional community utilisation of fisheries waste

Bottom trawl fishing provides substantial amounts of normally unavailable demersal prey to seabirds (e.g., discards), affecting their life-history traits and population dynamics, as well as community structure. Within this framework, we studied seabird-trawling interactions throughout the annual cycle in a poorly studied ecosystem in the Mediterranean, the Balearic archipelago, on a both species-specific and a community level. Whereas the species-specific approach showed a significant influence of season (phenology) on shaping seabird’s trawling attendance patterns, the spatio-temporal coupling of regional community was a result of a complex interaction between fisheryrelated variables. The most frequent and abundant species were the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis and Cory’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea, the latter attending vessels in higher numbers than expected from local population figures. Conversely, the remaining breeding species occurred in lower numbers than expected according to their local breeding populations, suggesting that discards were of relatively little importance. Discarding activity took place over the entire shelf and continental slope surrounding Mallorca, but especially in the southwest, adjacent to the breeding grounds of approximately 12% of the Balearic total seabird breeding population, including 13% the Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus world population. Overall discards corresponded to 0.74 of landings (range: 0.09‐ 6.00) and consisted primarily of fish followed by crustaceans and molluscs (approximately 80, 15, and 5%, respectively). Seabird-trawling interactions should be taken into account in the frame of an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management, and particular attention should be devoted to the critically endangered Balearic shearwater.
Summer Feeding Behaviour of Reindeer: A Hierarchical Approach

Marell, A. 2006. Summer Feeding Behaviour of Reindeer: A Hierarchial Approach. Doctor’s dissertation. ISSN 1652-6880, ISBN 91-576-7105-2. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) plays an important role ecologically, economically, as well as culturally in northern Fennoscandia, where reindeer husbandry traditionally has considered winter to be the bottleneck for reindeer. Recent studies have shown that summer feeding conditions control reindeer population dynamics through indirect effects on winter survival and reproductive success. My thesis is unique as it analyses seasonal plant nutrient dynamics, their spatial patterns and reindeer summer foraging behaviour at different levels simultaneously. The aim was to test the underlying assumptions behind the hypothesis that reindeer select the new emerging growth (highly digestible and protein rich) and move into new areas as the emergence of new growth proceeds along climatic gradients. The studies were done in a mountainous landscape of sub-arctic northern Sweden used by the semi-domesticated reindeer herd belonging to Gabna Sami community. The study on plant nutrient dynamics of four forage species (Betula nana L., Eriophorum angustifolium L., Rumex acetosa L. and Vaccinium myrtillus L.) revealed that plant nitrogen concentrations (and thus protein content) related to snowmelt patterns. It was further shown that reindeer selected areas with high landcover diversity, and thus might respond to any landscape heterogeneity that results from varying snowmelt patterns. Within landscapes, reindeer selected species rich plant communities with high abundance of preferred food plants (deciduous shrubs, herbs and graminoids) and fed where food biomass was high, predominantly that of birch and willow species. Contrary to predictions of the tested hypothesis, it was concluded that reindeer responded to food quantity rather than quality at intermediate (i.e., within plant communities) levels of feeding habitat selection. Feeding habitat selection at higher (i.e., feeding area and plant community selection) and lower (i.e., plant species and parts selection) levels indicated the importance of food quality and was thus in agreement with the tested hypothesis. My results have implications for land management as they show the importance of maintaining heterogeneous alpine landscapes for reindeer husbandry. Furthermore, reindeer husbandry needs to be practised at a level that maintain species rich and diverse plant communities. These plant communities were shown to be important feeding habitats, at the same time as they may contribute to nature conservation goals.
Combined Steering and Direct Tilt Control for the Enhancement of Narrow Tilting Vehicle Stability

: Narrow Tilting Vehicles offer an opportunity to reduce both traffic congestion and carbon emissions by having a small road footprint, low weight, and a small frontal area. Their narrow track requires that they tilt into corners to maintain stability; this may be achieved by means of an automated tilt control system. Automated tilt control systems can be classed as Steering Tilt Control (STC) in which active control of the front wheel steer angle is used to maintain stability, Direct Tilt Control (DTC) in which some form of actuator is used to exert a moment between the tilting part(s) of the vehicle and non-tilting part(s), or a combination of the two (SDTC). Combined Steering Direct Tilt Control systems have the potential to offer improved performance as, unlike STC systems, they are effective at low speeds whilst offering superior transient roll stability to DTC systems. This paper details the implementation of a SDTC system on a prototype narrow tilting vehicle and presents experimental results which demonstrate a 36% reduction is load transfer from the inside wheel to the outside wheel during a ramp steer manoeuvre when compared to a DTC system.
The oldest lagonomegopid spider, a new species in Lower Cretaceous amber from Álava, Spain

The new species Burlagonomegops alavensis (Araneae: Lagonomegopidae) is described from Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) amber from Alava (Basque Country), Spain. This is the first fossil spider to be described from this deposit and extends the known geological range of this family by approximately 15–20 Ma, from the previously oldest described lagonomegopid in Burmese amber. Given the broad geographic range of this family in the Cretaceous and their absence in Tertiary fossil resins, the global extinction of this family is enigmatic. In contrast to other spider families, it may be that the end-Cretaceous extinction event did have an effect on this strictly fossil family.
Computational Modeling in Anode Baking

Computational modeling has long been a synonym for flue optimization. Today, new tools are available which are suitable for the optimization of many other aspects in bake furnace construction as well as operation. A few examples where computational modeling can and should be used in green field projects and in bake furnace refurbishment projects include: designing the cross-over channel, dealing with cross-over firing, optimizing pitch volatile matter combustion and energy consumption. Furthermore, computational modeling may also be used in off-gas cleaning system optimization and for training purposes.
Molecular characterisation of indigenous Apis mellifera carnica in Slovenia

The genetic structure of Apis mellifera carnica bee from Slovenia, collected from 269 localities of ten Slovenian districts, was assessed by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses. The level of genetic variability within and among districts was low. All of the samples were fixed for one newly found mtDNA haplotype of the C phylogenetic lineage, designated as C2C. A low level of variability was observed for all microsatellite loci, showing a very homogenous structure of the Carniolan bee population. Samples collected in the neighbouring district of Croatia expressed very similar results. On the other hand, high genetic differentiation was observed in comparison with A. m. macedonica population. Present study represents the first attempt to characterise indigenous honeybee populations in Slovenia using molecular methods. Furthermore, it indicates that the Carniolan bee from Slovenia still represents an indigenous gene pool within A. m. carnica. A. m. carnica / A. m. macedonica / mtDNA / COI-COII / microsatellite C
Using an Online Assessment to Examine Entrepreneurship Student Traits and to Measure and Improve the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education

This paper concerns Entrepreneurial Education and the application of an online assessment tool to benefit student selection, retention, and development and to also measure and improve entrepreneurship curriculum success. Through the use of an innovative testing and mentoring approach, it is hypothesized that universities can assist students in becoming selfaware of their unique entrepreneurial traits and then, facilitate the development of skills required for future success. This paper reviews initial student-reporting data at Western Carolina University (WCU) and draws conclusions on whether entrepreneurship students differ from other students in both personality and skill traits and also discusses the implications of these results for measurement and enhancement of university entrepreneurship programs. Findings indicate there are distinct differences in the traits of entrepreneurship students compared to other majors and these differences have implications for how to best market and position entrepreneurship programs as well as potential consequences for how to structure and deliver curriculum content. Initial results show the Entrepreneurial Mindset Profile can be an effective assessment tool and indicate that the Western Carolina University Entrepreneurship course curriculum results in improvements in student entrepreneurial skills in two categories, execution, and optimism.
Gapped electronic structure of epitaxial stanene on InSb(111)

Stanene, a single tin atomic layer akin to graphene, is a quantum spin Hall insulator. Its spin-polarized edge states within the gap would be well suited for spintronic applications, but this attractive property has not been realized because the substrate for supporting stanene in prior experiments leads to a metallic contact that fills the band gap and shorts out the quantum spin Hall channels. By judiciously selecting InSb(111) as the substrate, the resulting system shows a large gap of 0.44 eV well suited for room-temperature device operations. Stanene on InSb(111) is thus a strong contender for next-generation spintronic technology.
Public e-procurement and the duality of technology: a comparative study in the context of Brazil and of the state of Paraíba

In this study, an attempt was made to understand the e-procurement theme from the perspective of the duality of technology, understanding it both as a product and as a means for human actions, which, interacting with institutional properties, produces and reproduces the current organizational practices. From the multiple interpretative case studies conducted, it was evidenced that e-procurement is a subjective element, sometimes understood inconsistently by human agents in the different organizational contexts studied (Brazil and the State of Paraiba). Users appropriate the rules, knowledge, and assumptions incorporated into the implemented system to perform tasks, contributing to a reaffirmation of the status quo.
The Changes in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) Studies between 2012 and 2017- A Review of Literature

In recent decades, the use of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has changed according to the different goalsand studies that have been applied. Therefore, it is very important to explore and examine these changes and identifythe development of use and conception of MOOCs. This research is considered empirical in nature and focuses onstudies published between 2012 and 2017. The current study is conducted on three scientific databases to collectthose studies that matched the research method and achieved its goal. Nine hundred seventy-nine studies wereconsidered, and 37 studies have been selected for this study and will be analyzed based on study design and othervariables. The collected studies utilized the qualitative method, quantitative method, and mixed-method approaches.These studies were analyzed through the use of MOOCs according to students’ views, instructors’ views, andstudents’ and instructors’ views. The results showed a different understanding of MOOCs between the students’views, instructors’ views, and students’ and instructors’ views. Recommendations and future research opportunitiesare also discussed.