Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Procedural Skills, Teamwork and Confidence in just One Day: A NICU Fellow Boot Camp

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Objective: To develop a compact, simulation-based orientation session aimed at improving confidence and teamwork amongst new trainees. Methods: Two cohorts of five fellows participated in the one-day boot camp. Confidence in team leading and neonatal procedures was assessed using a pre and post survey administered on the day of boot camp as well as a delayed post-test after 6 months. Teamwork and communication were assessed using the TEAM scale. Results: We found that fellows confidence was significantly improved in 5 out of 6 categories (team leader in code (p < 0.001), team leader in delivery room (p < 0.001), decision making (p < 0.001), intubation (p < 0.001), chest tube placement (p < 0.001) and umbilical catheter placement (p = 0.09)). There was an overall improvement in teamwork, team leadership and communication throughout the day (p < 0.001). There was no significant change in self-reported confidence scores in all categories 6 months following boot camp. Conclusions: We demonstrated a significant improvement in confidence in first year neonatal-perinatal medicine fellows following a one-day simulation-based boot camp. The format for this boot camp could be emulated in institutions across the country to improve the confidence and skills of incoming fellows.
The use of wordplay in advertisements published in men’s magazines. A Comparative study in the UK and Spain

This paper focuses on the use of wordplay in advertisements published in the British and Spanish editions of three well-known men’s magazines, namely Esquire, GQ, and Men’s Health. The function of puns in advertising is explained from the perspective of Relevance Theory. In spite of requiring additional processing effort from the addressee, puns reveal themselves as an economical way of producing additional positive cognitive effects. They also contribute to the creation of a positive attitude towards the promoted product and are useful attention-getting devices. All in all, 208 advertisements were analysed, out of which 49 contained a pun. However, the tendency to use wordplay is higher in the British advertisements than in the Spanish ones, which can be explained by a long tradition of punning in the English-speaking countries and by a higher probability of finding homophones in the English language.
Atrophy and Regeneration of the Gastrocnemius-Soleus Muscles: Effects of Physical Therapy in the Monkey Following Section and Suture of Sciatic Nerve

The treatment of paralyzed muscles of the flaccid type has been based chiefly on clinical experience. The measures commonly employed are electrical stimulation, massage and passive movement, heat, rest and muscle reeducation. The exact indications for the use of these procedures alone or in combination, however, are still a subject of controversy. Thus, in the treatment of poliomyelitis many clinicians claim that electrical stimulation is contraindicated especially in the early stage of paralysis. They advocate rest. Others stressing the rapid rate of atrophy and degeneration maintain that something should be done to prevent, so far as possible, the progress of atrophy and fibrosis. They decry rest and advocate light massage and passive movement to be followed later by electrical stimulation. A review of the literature reveals considerable confusion and disagreement regarding the value of these measures, with their indications and contraindications. In view of the need for more precise knowledge
Reducing the Foreign Body Reaction by Surface Modification with Collagen/Hyaluronic Acid Multilayered Films

Biological response against foreign implants often leads to encapsulation, possibly resulting in malfunction of implants devices. The aim of this study was to reduce the foreign body reaction by surface modification of biomaterials through layer-by-layer deposition of type I collagen (COL)/hyaluronic acid (HA) multilayer films. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples were coated with alternative COL and HA layers with different layers. We found that the in vitro adhesion, proliferation, and activation of macrophage-like cells were greatly decreased by COL/HA multilayered deposition. The PDMS samples modified with 20 bilayers of COL/HA were implanted in rats for 3 weeks, and the thickness of encapsulation surrounding the samples was decreased by 29–57% compared to the control unmodified PDMS. This study demonstrates the potential of COL/HA multilayer films to reduce foreign body reaction.
Highlights from Heart Rhythm 2016

Since the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) was FDA approved in 2012, how has it fared in the real world? Fortunately, we now have the data from the Effortless Trial. In this late breaking clinical trial, 985 patients from 45 European centers were studied. And the data look impressive. In fact, with an average follow up of 3.1 years, only 12% of patients suffered an inappropriate shock and only 2% of the S-ICD devices were extracted. These numbers compare very favorably to the traditional ICD. Of the extracted devices, the primary reason was a need for pacing or shocks that failed to terminate ventricular arrhythmias. With regards to efficacy, the S-ICD performed every bit as well as the traditional ICD. Fully 89% of clinical ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes were terminated with the first shock. Allowing for multiple shocks, 97% of VT/VF episodes were stopped. The S-ICD is definitely here to stay. Fortunately, generator size and battery longevity have improved since the initial release. For patients who don’t require pacing, and want to avoid potential lead complications, the S-ICD is an excellent option. 2. Leadless pacemakers are the future
Biological Terrorism Preparedness: Evaluating the Performance of the Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS) Syndromic Surveillance Algorithms

Abstract : After the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, questions developed over how quickly the country could respond if a bioterrorism attack were to occur. "Syndromic surveillance" systems are a relatively new concept that is being implemented and used by public health practitioners to attempt to detect a bioterrorism attack earlier than would be possible using conventional biosurveillance methods. The idea behind using syndromic surveillance is to detect a bioterrorist attack by monitoring potential leading indicators of an outbreak such as absenteeism from work or school, over-the-counter drug sales, or emergency room counts. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS) is one syndromic surveillance system that is currently in operation around the United States. This thesis compares the performance of three syndromic surveillance detection algorithms, entitled C1, C2, and C3, that are implemented in EARS, versus the Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) method applied to model-based prediction errors. The CUSUM performed significantly better than the EARS' methods across all of the scenarios evaluated. These scenarios consisted of various combinations of large and small background disease incidence rates, seasonal cycles from large to small (as well as no cycle), daily effects, and various levels of random daily variation. This results in the recommendation to replace the C1, C2, and C3 methods in existing syndromic surveillance systems with an appropriately implemented CUSUM method.
Error analysis : A study of Swedish junior high school students’ texts and grammar knowledge

This study is an investigation of Swedish junior high school students’ English grammar knowledge, based on their written production. The Swedish students’ written productions where analyzed using error analysis as a method to find the most frequent errors that the students make. The errors were identified in texts that were produced in two different ways (free and controlled), and these texts were then compared. The study was conducted through (a) identifying the most frequent grammatical errors in Swedish students’ written production, (b) analyzing what causes the errors to be made, and (c) distinguishing if there is any difference between free written or controlled written production. The students’ grammatical knowledge was discussed on the basis of the results of these procedures. The results show that the most frequent errors made by Swedish junior high school students are errors of verb tense, verb inflection and subject-verb agreement. The errors are probably caused by lack of grammatical knowledge, but also by incorrect transfer from Swedish into English. Furthermore, the results show that the students from the two target groups to some extent make the same type of errors regardless of their productions were free written or more controlled.
Reduction from branching-time property verification of higher-order programs to HFL validity checking

Various methods have recently been proposed for temporal property verification of higher-order programs. In those methods, however, either temporal properties were limited to linear-time ones, or target programs were limited to finite-data programs. In this paper, we extend Kobayashi et al.'s recent method for verification of linear-time temporal properties based on HFLZ model checking, to deal with branching-time properties. We formalize branching-time property verification problems as an extension of HORS model checking called HORSZ model checking, present a sound and complete reduction to validity checking of (modal-free) HFLZ formulas, and prove its correctness. The correctness of the reduction subsumes the decidability of HORS model checking. The HFLZ formula obtained by the reduction from a HORSZ model checking problem can be considered a kind of verification condition for the orignal model checking problem. We also discuss interactive and automated methods for discharging the verification condition.
'This is not what we wanted'

Design is increasingly said to be about constructing conversations with end users [1]. Advances in underlying voice-related [2] technologies, coupled with the spread of voicedriven agents and dedicated devices such as the Amazon Echo, Google Home, and HomePod, lend weight to the notion of so-called conversational interfaces. In spite of the hyped anticipation of an AI-powered future, however, it is not always clear how the vision of conversation with machines measures up to lived reality, or if it is even relevant to actual design problems.
Digger

People participate in multiple online social networks, e.g., Facebook, Twitter, and Linkedin, and these social networks with heterogeneous social content and user relationship are named as heterogeneous social networks. Group structure widely exists in heterogeneous social networks, which reveals the evolution of human cooperation. Detecting similar groups in heterogeneous networks has a great significance for many applications, such as recommendation system and spammer detection, using the wealth of group information. Although promising, this novel problem encounters a variety of technical challenges, including incomplete data, high time complexity, and ground truth. To address the research gap and technical challenges, we take advantage of a ratio-cut optimization function to model this novel problem by the linear mixed-effects method and graph spectral theory. Based on this model, we propose an efficient algorithm called Digger to detect the similar groups in the large graphs. Digger consists of three steps, including measuring user similarity, construct a matching graph, and detecting similar groups. We adopt several strategies to lower the computational cost and detail the basis of labeling the ground truth. We evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithm on five different types of online social networks. The extensive experiments show that our method achieves 0.693, 0.783, and 0.735 in precision, recall, and F1-measure, which significantly surpass the state-of-arts by 24.4%, 15.3%, and 20.7%, respectively. The results demonstrate that our proposal can detect similar groups in heterogeneous networks effectively.
Effects of dapagliflozin on serum uric acid levels in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients with inadequate glycemic control: a randomized controlled trial

Background Raised serum uric acid (SUA) level is commonly observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, a novel oral diabetic drug, might exert a potential hypouricemic effect. We evaluated the effects of dapagliflozin on SUA levels in hospitalized T2DM patients with inadequate glycemic control. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 59 T2DM hospitalized patients with inadequate glycemic control were assigned to the dapagliflozin 10 mg group (n=29) or the control group (n=30). The primary outcome was changes in SUA levels from the baseline to good glycemic control. Additional outcomes included correlations between baseline SUA levels, urinary parameters, and the changes in SUA levels. This trial is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (number ChiCTR1800015830). Results Compared to baseline level, SUA levels had significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.001 for the dapagliflozin group and P=0.013 for the control group). Mean changes from baseline in SUA levels for dapagliflozin vs the control group were 68.03 vs 25.90 μmol/L (P=0.0406). Adjusted mean SUA levels were lower in the dapagliflozin group (273.28 vs 307.57 μmol/L; P=0.0089). In T2DM patients treated with dapagliflozin, the decrease in SUA levels was positively correlated with baseline SUA levels (P<0.0001) but not correlated with changes in 24-hour urine volume, 24-hour urine glucose, or 24-hour urinary uric acid. Conclusion Dapagliflozin could improve glycemic control and lower SUA levels in hospitalized patients with uncontrolled T2DM. Longer-time trials are required to further demonstrate the hypouricemic effect of dapagliflozin and explore the potential underlying mechanisms.
The potential diagnostic utility of coexpression of Ki-67 and P53 in the renal biopsy in pediatric lupus nephritis

Background The proliferative activity as well as apoptosis has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN). The aim of the study was to investigate the coexpression of Ki-67-triggered marked proliferation and P53-induced apoptosis in renal biopsy of childhood lupus nephritis (cLN) and to compare the coexpression of proliferative and apoptotic indices between different subgroups and clinicopathologic patterns of renal disease. Methods Renal biopsy specimens of 33 children with lupus nephritis (LN) and 10 healthy subjects were retrospectively evaluated. The type of LN and activity and chronicity indices were determined. Ki-67 and P53 immunostaining were performed. The coexpression of Ki-67 and P53 was compared among different subgroups of LN and correlated with disease activity index, serum creatinine, proteinuria, anticardiolipin antibodies, and complement levels. Histopathological examination of LN was classified based on the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology. Histological LN activity was measured by the National Institutes of Health activity index (NIH-AI). Results In comparison with the healthy control group, the coexpression of Ki-67and P53 was greater in cLN (particularly in classes II, III, and IV) than in normal renal tissue. The coexpression of Ki-67and P53 shows a positive correlation with subclasses II, III, and IV of LN (P<0.02) and LN activity index (P<0.03). Moreover, the positive correlation was found between the coexpression of Ki-67 and P53 with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P<0.02), D-dimer (P<0.03), serum creatinine (P<0.03), proteinuria (P<0.04), and anticardiolipin antibodies (P<0.05) significantly. Unexpectedly, adverse correlation between the coexpression of Ki-67 and P53 with serum C3 (P<0.02) and C4 complement (P<0.03) was significant. Conclusion Our data showed that the coexpression of Ki-67-induced marked proliferation and P53-induced apoptosis in proliferative and active phases of cLN could reflect a valuable marker for treatment and remission in cLN patients before reaching the end stage of renal disease.
Postoperative outcome of three different procedures for childhood glaucoma

Purpose To investigate the long-term postoperative outcome of three surgical procedures for childhood glaucoma. Patients and methods In this retrospective study, the patients were divided into a goniotomy group, a trabeculotomy group, and a filtering surgery group, based on the initial surgical procedure. Failure was defined as an IOP ≥21 mmHg with medication at two consecutive visits. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to calculate the probability of success. Additional metrics included IOP, number of additional operations, eye drop scores, and visual acuity. Results We studied 40 eyes of 25 patients, 21 eyes of 15 patients, and 12 eyes of 7 patients in the goniotomy, trabeculotomy, and filtering surgery groups, respectively. The 10- and 20-year probability of success was 65.2% and 65.2%, 42.2% and NA (no data for 20 years), and 91.7% and 80.2% for the goniotomy, trabeculotomy, and filtering surgery groups, respectively. Conclusion All three procedures maintained an IOP of less than 21 mmHg for up to 10 years in 65.2%, 42.2%, and 91.7% of childhood glaucoma cases.
A cohort study on the risk of hepatectomy and pancreatectomy after history of abdominal surgery on other organs

Backgrounds/Aims The present study analyzed the postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent hepatectomy or pancreatectomy, with a history of intra-abdominal surgery involving other organs, to elucidate surgical efficacy. Methods We examined the perioperative parameters in 28 patients who underwent hepatectomy (n=12) and pancreatectomy (n=16) after receiving prior abdominal organ resection (esophagectomy, n=2; gastrectomy, n=5; resection of small intestine, n=2; appendectomy, n=5; colorectal resection, n=9; hepatectomy, n=1; cholecystectomy, n=3; splenectomy, n=2, pancreatectomy ,right adrenectomy, nephrectomy and myoma uteri, n=1 each). Results Age, gender, a history of comorbidities, and primary diseases were not significantly different between the groups. The present operation was predominantly indicated for liver metastases in all patients undergoing hepatectomy. Several diseases were detected in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) patients. Laboratory data were not significantly different between groups. Although operating time and blood loss during hepatectomy did not differ significantly between the groups, the operating time was significantly longer in patients undergoing PD compared with distal pancreatectomy (p<0.05). Red cell blood transfusion was most frequently used in patients who underwent major hepatectomy and PD (p<0.05). The prevalence of postoperative complications was not significantly different between groups. Hospital death was not observed and the period of hospital stay did not differ between groups. Conclusions Carefully scheduled hepatectomy or pancreatectomy is safe even in cases with prior abdominal surgery under the present strategy.
Emergence and molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harboring blaCTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamases causing ventilator-associated pneumonia in China

Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial infection associated with high morbidity due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, especially bla CTX-M-15, in Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)-associated VAP and to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular epidemiological characteristics of K. pneumoniae strains. Materials and methods From January 2013 to December 2015, we retrospectively collected 89 VAP-causing K. pneumoniae isolates from tertiary-care hospitals in China, among which ESBL-producing strains were assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility. Several antibiotic resistance genes of clinical relevance in K. pneumonia isolates producing ESBL were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were employed to characterize the genetic contexts of bla CTX-M-15. Conjugative plasmids carrying bla CTX-M-15 were obtained by mating and further subjected to replicon typing. The genetic relatedness of isolates was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing. Results All of the 30 ESBL-producing isolates identified displayed MDR phenotype, with bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla OXA, and bla TEM detected in 21, 21, 1, and 20 isolates, respectively. bla CTX-M-15 was the most prevalent ESBL gene (19/30, 63.33%), and ISEcp1 was detected 48 bp upstream of 15 bla CTX-M-15 genes. Based on S1-PFGE analyses, 25 isolates exhibited different plasmid profiles, ranging from ~70 to 320 kb. The bla CTX-M-15 with bla TEM and qnr genes and the ISEcp1 element from eight isolates were co-transferrable to recipients via conjugation, with IncFIB, IncFIC, and IncFII being the most prevalent replicons. Twenty different PFGE patterns and 11 sequence types were identified, with ST304 being dominant. Conclusion This work reports the emergence of bla CTX-M-15 in K. pneumoniae-induced VAP in China. We showed that IncFIB, IncFIC, and/or IncFII plasmids carrying bla CTX-M-15 with bla TEM, qnr resistance genes, and the ISEcp1 element mediate the local prevalence in K. pneumoniae-associated VAP.
Prediabetes and Diabetes Screening in Dental Care Settings: NHANES 2013 to 2016

Introduction: Early recognition of prediabetes may prevent progression to diabetes, yet not all adults are aware of their prediabetes risk. To reach all adults unaware of their risk, additional risk assessment strategies are warranted. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential scope of benefit from prediabetes risk assessment in the dental care setting and to identify characteristics of dental patients likely to unknowingly have prediabetes or diabetes. Methods: Data from 10,472 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2014 and 2015 to 2016 were analyzed for associations among prediabetes/diabetes risk factors, health care use, and hemoglobin A1C levels according to chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 7.73% of US adults had seen a dentist but not a medical provider in the past 12 mo. The composition of this subpopulation was significantly different from that who saw a medical provider, in ways that might affect their diabetes risk. In addition, 31.27% of this subpopulation would be identified as being at high risk for prediabetes according to the CDC Prediabetes Screening Test (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and 15.83% had hemoglobin A1C levels indicative of undiagnosed prediabetes or diabetes. Screening in a dental setting would have the highest odds of identifying someone unaware of his or her diabetes risk among those who were non-White, obese, or ≥45 y old. Conclusion: Extrapolation from this analysis indicates that screening for prediabetes at dental visits has the potential to alert an estimated 22.36 million adults of their risk for prediabetes or diabetes. Incorporating prediabetes or diabetes risk assessment into routine dental visits may enable 1) those with prediabetes to take action to decrease their risk of developing diabetes and 2) those with diabetes to engage in treatment to decrease their risk of diabetes-related complications. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Screening for prediabetes and diabetes during dental visits has the potential to raise patients’ awareness of diabetes risk and prevent prediabetes from progressing to diabetes. For some patients, the dental visit may be the only point of contact with the health care system, which heightens the importance of including diabetes risk assessment for patient well-being.