Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Academic Goals and Self-Handicapping Strategies in University Students

Abstract In highly competitive settings like university, the fear of failure leads some students to protect their self-worth using self-handicapping strategies. The present investigation examines to what extent academic goals are related to those tactics in university students. Specifically, MANCOVA was applied to estimate statistical differences linked to behavioral and claimed self-handicapping strategies according to the level (high/medium/low) of four types of academic goal (achievement approach, achievement avoidance, mastery approach, and work avoidance). Degree, year in school, and gender were entered as covariates. 940 students (86.5% women) from University of A Coruña (M = 20.44; SD = 1.73) participated. Results show that: (a) both behavioral and claimed self-handicapping are promoted by ego-oriented goals (achievement avoidance, F(2, 937) = 23.56, p < . 001, η p 2 = . 048; achievement approach, F(2, 937) = 7.49, p < . 001, η p 2 = . 016); (b) work avoidance goals are related to behavioral self-handicapping (F(2, 937) = 9.09, p < . 001, η p 2 = . 019), but are not statistically linked to claimed self-handicapping; and (c) mastery approach goals are significantly, negatively related to both types of self-handicapping (F(2, 937) = 20.09, p < . 001, η p 2 = . 041). Psychological and educational implications of the findings are discussed.
Ropinirole 24-hour prolonged release and ropinirole immediate release in early Parkinson's disease: a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority crossover study

ABSTRACT Objective: This study compares once-daily ropinirole 24-h prolonged release and three-times-daily ropinirole immediate release in patients with early Parkinson's disease. Methods: This multicentre, double-blind, non-inferiority crossover study involved 161 patients randomized to one of four formulation sequences: (1) immediate release–immediate release–prolonged release; (2) immediate release–prolonged release–prolonged release; (3) prolonged release–prolonged release–immediate release; (4) prolonged release–immediate release–immediate release. During a 12-week dose-titration period, ropinirole immediate release was titrated according to the approved labelling; titration of ropinirole 24-h prolonged release started at a higher dose and was more rapid. Patients then entered three consecutive, flexible-dose, 8-week maintenance periods. At the end of the first maintenance period, half of the patients in each formulation group switched to the same or closest dose of the alternative formulation; remaining patients switched at the end of the second maintenance period. Results: At the end of titration, before the first dose switch, there were substantial reductions in mean Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores. During maintenance periods, both groups showed similar efficacy on the UPDRS motor score. Overall mean (standard error) change from period baseline was −0.1 (0.28) for ropinirole 24-h prolonged release, and 0.6 (0.30) for ropinirole immediate release (adjusted mean treatment difference −0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.51, 0.10; p = 0.0842). The upper limit of the 95% CI was less than the predefined threshold of 3 points for non-inferiority. Ropinirole 24-h prolonged release was well-tolerated when titrated more rapidly than ropinirole immediate release; overnight switching between formulations was also well-tolerated. Study limitations included complexity of the non-inferiority study design and the forced dose-titration schedule. Conclusion: Ropinirole 24-h prolonged release was effective and well-tolerated in patients with early Parkinson's disease.
Moderating effect of age on the association between future time perspective and preventive coping

The present study aimed to investigate the moderating effect of age on the relationship between future time perspective (FTP) and future-oriented coping. A total of 1,915 participants aged 9-84 years completed measures of FTP and future-oriented coping. Moderation analyses were conducted to examine whether age played a role in the association between FTP and future-oriented coping (proactive and preventive). Results showed that proactive and preventive coping were negatively correlated with age, and age moderated the association between FTP and preventive coping but not proactive coping. Furthermore, the strength of the positive association between FTP and preventive coping was strongest among the older participants, moderate among the middle-aged participants, and weakest among the younger participants. These results suggest that the association between FTP and preventive coping varies across the lifespan.
Does the Application of Kinesiotape Change Scapular Kinematics in Healthy Female Handball Players?

Abstract Elastic taping is widely used in sports medicine for correcting functional alignment and muscle recruitment. However, evidence regarding its influence on scapular dynamic positioning is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a specific kinesiotaping method on scapular kinematics in female elite handball players without shoulder complaints. 25 athletes (18.0±1.5 years) active in the highest national division were recruited. All subjects received an elastic adhesive tape (K-active tape©) with the purpose to correct scapular position. 3-dimensional scapular motion measurements were performed (Fastrak®) during humeral elevation in the sagittal, frontal and scapular plane. The results showed that taping has a moderate to large effect (Cohen’s d>0.7) towards scapular posterior tilting, in all 3 planes of humeral movement and for all angles of elevation (mean posteriorizing effect of 4.23°, 3.23° and 4.33° respectively for elevation in the sagittal, frontal and scapular plane, p<0.001). In addition, taping also moderately increased the scapular upward rotation at 30°, 60° and 90° of humeral abduction (mean increase of 2.90°, Cohen’s d>0.7). Together these results suggest that kinesiotape application causes positive changes in scapular motion. This could support its use in sports medicine for preventing shoulder problems in overhead athletes.
Measuring Orthorexia Nervosa: Psychometric Limitations of the ORTO-15

Abstract Orthorexia nervosa has recently been defined as excessive preoccupation with healthy eating, causing significant nutritional deficiencies and social and personal impairments. The ORTO-15 is the most widely used instrument to evaluate orthorexia nervosa, although previous studies obtained inconsistent results about its psychometric properties, and there are no data on the Spanish version. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the ORTO-15. In order to cross-validate the results, two independent samples were used (Sample 1: n = 807, 74.1% women; Sample 2: n = 242, 63.2% women). The results did not support the original recoding and reversal of the items; thus, the original scores were maintained. The analysis of the internal structure showed that the best interpretable solution was unidimensional, and due to low loadings, four items were removed. The internal consistency (α = .74) and temporal stability (r = .92; p < .001) of the final ORTO-11 version were adequate, higher than the 15-item version. The questionnaire showed significant associations with eating psychopathology (EAT-26 and SR-YBC-EDS; range r = .64 – .29; p < .05). However, this result should be interpreted with caution due to the redundancy observed between the ORTO-15 and the EAT-26. Our results suggest that the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the ORTO-15 are not adequate. Moreover, the instrument detects people who are on diets, but it is not efficient in detecting the severity of orthorexic behaviors and attitudes. New instruments are needed to continue the study of orthorexia nervosa.
Compliance of Lung During First Week of Life

Pulmonary compliance has been defined by respiratory physiologists as the ratio of volume change to change in intrapleural pressure between points of no air flow (i.e., between the beginning and end of inspiration). * It is a mechanical characteristic of the lung and tells one roughly the volume change to be expected in a given lung when a unit pressure difference across the lung is developed by the muscles of respiration under static conditions. Compliance has been shown to be reduced in such clinical conditions as pulmonary fibrosis and congestive heart failure in adults, 1 while a publication from this laboratory described a reduced compliance in newborn infants who had developed clinical signs of respiratory distress. 2 In these conditions, a pathological process has decreased the expansibility of the lung per unit of force applied. The purpose of this report is to present a new technique for measuring tidal volumes and
Effects of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine on sciatic and femoral nerve blockade in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate motor and sensory blockade of combining dexmedetomidine with ropivacaine, administered perineurally or systemically, for femoral and sciatic nerve blocks in conscious dogs. STUDY DESIGN Randomized, controlled, experimental study. ANIMALS Seven healthy Beagle dogs, aged 3.3 ± 0.1 years and weighing 11.0 ± 2.4 kg. METHODS Dogs were anesthetized with isoflurane on three separate occasions for unilateral femoral and sciatic nerve blocks and were administered the following treatments in random order: perineural ropivacaine 0.75% (0.1 mL kg-1) on each nerve and intramuscular (IM) saline (0.2 mL kg-1) (Gcon); perineural dexmedetomidine (1 μg mL-1) and ropivacaine 0.75% (0.1 mL kg-1) on each nerve and IM saline (0.2 mL kg-1) (GDPN); and perineural ropivacaine 0.75% (0.1 mL kg-1) on each nerve and IM dexmedetomidine (1 μg mL-1, 0.2 mL kg-1) (Gdim). Nerve blocks were guided by ultrasound and electrical stimulation and dogs were allowed to recover from general anesthesia. Sensory blockade was evaluated by response to clamp pressure on the skin innervated by the saphenous/ femoral, common fibular and tibial nerves. Motor blockade was evaluated by observing the ability to walk and proprioception. Sensory and motor blockade were evaluated until their full recovery. RESULTS No significant differences in onset time to motor and sensory blockade were observed among treatments. Duration of motor blockade was not significantly different among treatments; however, duration of tibial sensory blockade was longer in the Gdpn than in the GDIM treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although a longer duration of sensory blockade was observed with perineural dexmedetomidine, a significant increase compared with the control group was not established. Other concentrations should be investigated to verify if dexmedetomidine is a useful adjuvant to local anesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks in dogs.
Prenatal and postnatal management of omphalocele

Omphalocele is one of the most common abdominal wall defects seen in the prenatal period. Once this diagnosis is confirmed, it is important to check the fetal karyotype and thoroughly assess the fetus for other malformations. Prenatal management involves serial assessment of fetal growth and prenatal testing to ensure fetal well‐being. Closure of the abdominal wall and replacement of organs into the abdominal cavity can be done directly if the omphalocele is small or in a staged manner if the omphalocele is large. Successful outcomes for these neonates can be optimized with a multidisciplinary team approach to prenatal and postnatal management. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heritability of Preferred Thinking Styles and a Genetic Link to Working Memory Capacity

Genetic and environmental contributions to preferences for rational and experiential thinking were examined in 100 pairs of monozygotic and 73 pairs of same-sex dizygotic Australian twins. Univariate analyses for experiential thinking and working memory capacity (WMC) revealed genetic effects accounted for 44% and 39% of the variability respectively, with non-shared environmental effects accounting for the balance. For rational thinking, the univariate models produced ambiguous results about the relative roles of heritability and shared environment, but a subsequent Cholesky analysis suggested genetic effects accounted for 34%, with the balance, 66%, explained by the non-shared environment. The Cholesky analysis revealed that shared genetic effects accounted for 60%, and non-shared environment accounted for 40% of the relationship between preference for rational thinking and WMC.
Assessing the impact of a faculty development workshop: A methodological study

Background: Faculty development programs have been used widely in the health professions. Although many activities have been described in the literature, few studies exist that have measured the impact of such programs. Purpose: This pilot study was designed to test a methodology to measure change in attitudes, cognitive learning, and teaching behaviors following a workshop on small group teaching. Methods: Instruments were designed to measure attitudes, cognitive learning, and teaching behaviors. Study participants included 10 faculty members who had attended the workshop between 1988 and 1993 and 10 control participants. Over a 3‐month period, the three instruments were employed to collect data. Results: The instruments developed for this study detected differences between the two groups. The experimental group exhibited more small‐group teaching skills and greater knowledge about small‐group teaching than did the control group. Differences existed in the use of and attitudes toward this teaching method.
Treatment of macroprolactinoma with cabergoline: a study of 85 patients

OBJECTIVE Cabergoline is now established as an effective and well‐tolerated treatment for prolactinoma. However, there are relatively few published data on the treatment of macro‐, as opposed to micro‐, prolactinoma. We have therefore reviewed the efficacy and safety of cabergoline in the treatment of patients with prolactin‐secreting macroadenomas treated on a compassionate basis.
Intrapair Comparison of Life-Course Appetite and Physical Activity in Elderly Danish Twins: Reliability and Association With Subsequent Survival

Avoiding overeating and being physically active is associated with healthy aging, but methodological issues challenge the quantification of the association. Intrapair comparison of twins is a study design that attempts to minimize social norm-driven biased self-reporting of lifestyle factors. We aimed to investigate the association between self-reported lifestyle factors and subsequent survival in 347 Danish twin pairs aged 70 years and older and, additionally, to investigate the reliability of these self-reports. The twins were interviewed in 2003 and followed for mortality until 2015. They were asked to compare their appetite and physical activity to that of their co-twins in different stages of life. On an individual level, we found a positive association between current self-reported physical activity and late-life survival for elderly twins. This was supported by the intrapair analyses, which revealed a positive association between midlife and current physical activity and late-life survival. A positive association between lower appetite and late-life survival was found generally over the life course in the individual level analyses but not in the intrapair analyses. Kappa values for the inter-twin agreement on who ate the most were 0.16 to 0.34 in different life stages, and for physical activity 0.19 to 0.26, corresponding to a slight-to-fair agreement. Approximately, 50% of the twin pairs were not in agreement regarding physical activity, and of these twins 75% (95% CI: 67–82%) considered themselves the most active twin. These findings indicate a still-existing tendency of answering according to social norms, even in a twin study designed to minimize this.
Patient characteristics influencing the variability of distributed parameter‐based models in DCE‐CT kinetic analysis

Kinetic parameter variability may be sensitive to kinetic model choice, kinetic model implementation or patient-specific effects. The purpose of this study was to assess their impact on the variability of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) kinetic parameters. A total of 11 canine patients with sinonasal tumours received high signal-to-noise ratio, test-double retest DCE-CT scans. The variability for three distributed parameter (DP)-based models was assessed by analysis of variance. Mixed-effects modelling evaluated patient-specific effects. Inter-model variability (CVinter ) was comparable to or lower than intra-model variability (CVintra ) for blood flow (CVinter :[4-28%], CVintra :[28-31%]), fractional vascular volume (CVinter :[3-17%], CVintra :[16-19%]) and permeability-surface area product (CVinter :[5-12%], CVintra :[14-15%]). The kinetic models were significantly (P<0.05) impacted by patient characteristics for patient size, area underneath the curve of the artery and of the tumour. In conclusion, DP-based models demonstrated good agreement with similar differences between models and scans. However, high variability in the kinetic parameters and their sensitivity to patient size may limit certain quantitative applications.
Iron Supplementation in Twin Pregnancy — The Benefit of Doubling the Iron Dose in Iron Deficient Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To assess the efficacy of doubling the daily dose of iron supplement in iron-deficient women with twin pregnancies. Study design: Using a prospective randomized controlled trial, iron-deficient women with twin gestations were randomized to receive a single or a double dose of daily iron from 16 weeks of gestation until 6 weeks postpartum. The primary outcome was hemoglobin at 32 weeks. Secondary outcomes included ferritin at 32 weeks, hemoglobin during pregnancy and postpartum, birth weights, preterm birth rate, gastrointestinal side effects, intravenous iron administration, and compliance with treatment. Results: Eighty-five and 87 women were randomized to receive one capsule (group A) or two capsules (group B) of 34 mg of ferrous sulfate, respectively. Mean hemoglobin (9.6 g/dL and 9.7 g/dL) and ferritin (8.6 ng/ml and 8.5 ng/ml) were similar in both groups A and B, respectively, at allocation. Hemoglobin in group B was significantly higher from 32 weeks onward, until 6 weeks postpartum. There were no significant differences in any of the secondary outcomes examined. Conclusions: In twin pregnancies complicated by iron deficiency anemia, doubling the dose of iron increases hemoglobin and ferritin without worsening gastrointestinal side effects.
Prenatal diagnosis of a spontaneous dural sinus thrombosis

We present the case of a 31-year-old woman, gravida1, who was referred at 22 weeks’ of gestation toour center to explore abnormalities revealed by herroutine second-trimester ultrasound examination. Thepatient had an unremarkable medical and obstetricalhistory. The couple was not consanguineous. The ﬁrstscreening ultrasound scan, at 13 weeks, was normal.At 14 weeks, genetic serum screen for Down syndromeyielded normal results placing the fetus at low risk forchromosomal abnormalities. A routine second-trimesterultrasound revealed an abnormal intracranial mass.The ultrasound scan performed at our center at23 weeks revealed a 9-mm hyperechoic area withina hypoechoic area triangular in shape, about 4 cm
DeepSite: protein‐binding site predictor using 3D‐convolutional neural networks

Motivation: An important step in structure‐based drug design consists in the prediction of druggable binding sites. Several algorithms for detecting binding cavities, those likely to bind to a small drug compound, have been developed over the years by clever exploitation of geometric, chemical and evolutionary features of the protein. Results: Here we present a novel knowledge‐based approach that uses state‐of‐the‐art convolutional neural networks, where the algorithm is learned by examples. In total, 7622 proteins from the scPDB database of binding sites have been evaluated using both a distance and a volumetric overlap approach. Our machine‐learning based method demonstrates superior performance to two other competitive algorithmic strategies. Availability and implementation: DeepSite is freely available at www.playmolecule. org. Users can submit either a PDB ID or PDB file for pocket detection to our NVIDIA GPU‐equipped servers through a WebGL graphical interface. Contact: gianni.defabritiis@upf.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Blood Eosinophil Count and Metabolic, Cardiac and Pulmonary Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Blood eosinophil count is associated with a variety of common complex outcomes in epidemiological observation. The aim of this study was to explore the causal association between determined blood eosinophil count and 20 common complex outcomes (10 metabolic, 6 cardiac, and 4 pulmonary). Through Mendelian randomization, we investigated genetic evidence for the genetically determined eosinophil in association with each outcomes using individual-level LifeLines cohort data (n = 13,301), where a weighted eosinophil genetic risk score comprising five eosinophil associated variants was created. We further examined the associations of the genetically determined eosinophil with those outcomes using summary statistics obtained from genome-wide association study consortia (6 consortia and 14 outcomes). Blood eosinophil count, by a 1-SD genetically increased, was not statistically associated with common complex outcomes in the LifeLines. Using the summary statistics, we showed that a higher genetically determined eosinophil count had a significant association with lower odds of obesity (odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.74, 0.89]) but not with the other traits and diseases. To conclude, an elevated eosinophil count is unlikely to be causally associated to higher risk of metabolic, cardiac, and pulmonary outcomes. Further studies with a stronger genetic risk score for eosinophil count may support these results.