Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
co Mparative histological evaluation o F ti Bial Bone repair in raBBits treated with xenograF ts

Objective: Xenografts are an alternative to autogenous grafts and must be osteoconductive and biocompatible. A recent study has demonstrated that the physical and chemical characteristics of commercially available hydroxyapatites do not fit the manufacturers’ descriptions. This study evaluates the biocompatibility and osteoconduction of a xenograft derived from bovine medullary bone. Methods: Fifteen adult rabbits weighing between 2,500 g and 3,000 g each were anesthetized and subjected to surgical procedures to create three perforations in the tibia, with a diameter of 2 mm. These were filled with blood clot,
Government Spending Reloaded: Informational Insufficiency and Heterogeneity in Fiscal VARs

Using a large information Bayesian VAR, we approximate the flow of information received by economic agents to investigate the effects of government spending. We document robust evidence that insufficiency of information in conventional models could explain inconsistent results across samples and identifications (Recursive Structural VAR and Expectational VAR). Furthermore, we report heterogeneous effects of government spending components. While aggregate government spending does not appear to produce a strong stimulative effect with output multiplier around 0.7, government investment components have multipliers well above unity. Also, state and local consumption, which captures investment in education and health, elicits a strong response. JEL classification: C32, E32, E62.
Effect of Zinc Application on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

This study was conducted at agronomic research area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during kharif 2008 to evaluate the effect of different methods and timing of zinc application on growth and yield of rice. Experiment was comprised of eight treatments viz., control, rice nursery root dipping in 0.5 % Zn solution, ZnSO 4 application at the rate of 25 kg ha -1 as basal dose, foliar application of 0.5 % Zn solution at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after transplanting. Super Basmati, a promising variety of rice was used as a test crop. Remarkable effects were noted on yield components such as number of productive tillers per hill, kernel per panicle, 1000-kernel weight, biological yield, kernel yield and harvest index. Maximum productive tillers per m 2 (249.80) were noted with basal application at the rate 25 kg ha -1 21 % ZnSO 4 and minimum (220.28) were recorded with foliar application at 60 DAT @ 0.5 % Zn solution. Zinc application methods and timing had significantly pronounced effect on paddy yield. Maximum paddy yield (5.21 t ha -1 ) was achieved in treatment Zn 2 (Basal application at the rate of 25 kg ha -1 21 % ZnSO 4) and minimum paddy yield (4.17 t ha -1 ) was noted in Zn 7 (foliar application at 75 DAT @ 0.5% Zn
A Review of Educational Data Mining Tools & Techniques

The purpose of this paper is to present a review study on the use of the tools and techniques of Education Data Mining (EDM); through the use of data mining techniques such as classification, aggregation, the correlation rules and the disclosure of cases and apply on the student grades to show the benefits of applying the techniques of data mining in the academic field to obtain a clear understanding of the factors success and failure of students. The paper presented a definition of the concept of (EDM) and then presents of several previous studies that used many different techniques of data mining. The paper concluded to review the most important applications of (EDM) and classification according to the objectives and methods used and General framework procedural can be use in (EDM).
A Compact and Miniaturized Broadband Phase Shifter Using Coupled-Lines

─ In this paper, a compact and miniaturized broadband phase shifter using coupled-lines (CL) is proposed. This broadband phase shifter merely consists of two sections, one pair of CL as the reference and another two parallel CLs as the main body. An analysis of even-odd mode on the theoretical circuit is shown to explain the basic principle of the proposed phase shifter. For demonstration of this novel configuration, a broadband 90° phase shifter was designed and fabricated. The measured results present that the proposed phase shifter can provide a stable wide bandwidth (over 80%) of 90° phase difference with deviation less than 6.7°, good return losses more than 10 dB and low insertion losses less than 0.53 dB. Index Terms ─ Broadband, coupled-line (CL), phase shifter.
The Effect of Critical Thinking Dispositions on Students Achievement in Selection and Placement Exam for University in Turkey

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference between academic achievement in “Selection and Placement Exam for University” (OSS) of students who have high critical thinking dispositions and of students who have low critical thinking disposition and whether this difference change with students’ gender, class levels (high-school graduated /high school student) and major which they studied in high school. The research was conducted with 121 students who were selected randomly and studying to prepare 2009-OSS in the province center of Kdz. Eregli. For determining the academic achievement, scores of students on test exams for OSS in 2008-2009 academic years have been used. To measure the students’ critical thinking dispositions, the “Critical Thinking
Developing farm-level sustainability indicators for Ireland using the Teagasc National Farm Survey

Abstract In the context of an expanding, export-dependent agri-food sector, indicators of sustainable development and intensification are necessary to measure, assess and verify the comparative advantage afforded by Ireland’s natural pastoral-based food production systems. Such indicators are also necessary to ensure that we produce more food with less adverse impacts on the Irish environment, climate and society. This article outlines the development of farm-level indicators that refect the multifaceted nature of sustainability, which is encompassed in economic, environmental and social indicators. The role of innovation in farm sustainability was also examined. A comparison of indicators across Irish farm systems showed that dairy farms, followed by tillage farms, tended to be the most economically and socially sustainable farm systems. In relation to greenhouse gas emissions in particular, the top-performing dairy farms, in an economic sense, also tended to be the best-performing farms from an environmental sustainability perspective. This trend was also evident in relation to the adoption of innovative practices on farm, which was found to be strongly correlated with economic performance.
Transient fluid-combustion phenomena in a model scramjet

Abstract An experimental and numerical investigation of the unsteady phenomena induced in a hydrogen-fuelled scramjet combustor under high-equivalence-ratio conditions is carried out, focusing on the processes leading up to unstart. The configuration for the study is the fuelled flow path of the HyShot II flight experiment. Experiments are performed in the HEG reflected-shock wind tunnel, and results are compared with those obtained from unsteady numerical simulations. High-speed schlieren and OH∗ chemiluminescence visualization, together with time-resolved surface pressure measurements, allow links to be drawn between the experimentally observed flow and combustion features. The transient flow structures signalling the onset of unstart are observed to take the form of an upstream-propagating shock train. Both the speed of propagation and the downstream location at which the shock train originates depend strongly on the equivalence ratio. The physical nature of the incipient shock system, however, appears to be similar for different equivalence ratios. Both experiments and computations indicate that the primary mechanism responsible for the transient behaviour is thermal choking, though localized boundary-layer separation is observed to accompany the shock system as it moves upstream. In the numerical simulations, the global choking behaviour is dictated by the limited region of maximum heat release around the shear layer between the injected hydrogen and the incoming air flow. This leads to the idea of ‘local’ thermal choking and results in a lower choking limit than is predicted by a simple integral analysis. Such localized choking makes it possible for new quasi-steady flow topologies to arise, and these are observed in both experiments and simulation. Finally, a quasi-unsteady one-dimensional analytical model is proposed to explain elements of the shock-propagation behaviour.
Modeling the spreading of glacial meltwater from the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas

It has been suggested that an increased melting of continental ice in the Amundsen Sea (AS) and Bellingshausen Sea (BS) is a likely source of the observed freshening of Ross Sea (RS) water. To test this hypothesis, we simulate the spreading of glacial meltwater using the Finite Element Sea Ice/Ice Shelf/Ocean Model. Based on the spatial distribution of simulated passive tracers, most of the basal meltwater from AS ice shelves flows toward the RS with more than half of the melt originating from the Getz Ice Shelf. Further, the model results show that a slight increase of the basal mass loss can substantially intensify the transport of meltwater into the RS due to a strengthening of the melt‐driven shelf circulation and the westward flowing coastal current. This supports the idea that the basal melting of AS and BS ice shelves is one of the main sources for the RS freshening.
Femoral diaphysis fractures: treatment with unreamed intramedullary nailing and its results

Background: Femoral shaft fractures are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in the lower extremity injuries . Methods: 21 femoral body fractures of 19 adult patients were treated with the unreamed intramedullary nailing. Of 19 patients 14 were males and 5 were females . Results: All fractures healed. Deep infection was not encountered. According to the Thoresen criteria, the rate of excellent-good results was 78%. In two patients, who had also cranial trauma, development of excessive callus was observed. None of the patients required a secondary operation . Conclusions: Unreamed intramedullary nailing, if it can be implemented with closed technique and with double lock screw at the distal side, provides satisfactory results in the femoral shaft fractures .
The Eleme petrochemicals company and its impact on the levels of some Physiochemical Parameters from Eleme Creeks, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

The Eleme Petrochemicals Company is one of the largest industrial establishments in Eleme, Rivers State of Nigeria, and generates its wastes into the richEleme Creeks which are believed to have polluted the water body as claimed by the indigene. To actually verify this claim, a study was carried out to investigate the levels of some Physiochemical Parameters viz dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, sulphate, phosphate, sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion and oil and grease from Eleme creeks. In investigating the levels of these parameters, water sample were collected from ten different locations for a period of eight months (ieJuly2010-February 2011) and standard method as stipulated by APHA were followed. The results of the study show that the mean concentration of SO4 2- ,PO4 3- , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Oil and grease were within the national and international limits while those of DO, COD and BOD were not within the limits. This of course posed some possible health risks to users of the creeks. The results of the study were higher compared with that provided by the Environmental Impact Assessment study carried out by the company in 1992. Also, the mean concentrations of parameters in the dry season were generally higher compared to the rainy season. The two way ANOVA show that there was a significant difference in the mean concentration of the analysed parameters between sampling locations and sampling periods except for Na + .
Excess Volumes, Speeds of Sound, Isentropic Compressibilities and Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of N-Ethyl Aniline with Some Aromatic Ketones at 303.15 K

Densities (), Viscosities () and ultrasonic speeds (u) of pure acetophenone (AP), propiophenone (PP), -methyl acetophenone (-MeAP), -chloroacetophenone (-ClAP) and those of their binary mixtures with -ethyl aniline (-EA) as a common component, were measured at 303.15 K over the entire composition range. These experimental data were used to calculate the excess volume , deviation in ultrasonic speeds , isentropic compressibility , intermolecular free length , acoustic impedance Z, deviations in isentropic compressibility , deviation in viscosity and excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow () at all mole fractions of -ethyl aniline. These parameters, especially excess functions, are found to be quite sensitive towards the intermolecular interactions between component molecules. Theoretical values of viscosity of the binary mixtures were calculated using different empirical relations and theories. The relative merits of these relations and theories were discussed. The experimental results were correlated by using the polynomial proposed by Redlich-Kister equation.
Relativistic Hydro dynamic Cosmological Perturbations

Relativistic cosmological perturbation analyses can be made based on sev eral diŒeren t fundamen tal gauge conditions. In the pressureless limit the variables in certain gauge conditions show the correct Newtonian behaviors. Considering the general curv ature (K ) and the cosmological constan t (L) in the background medium, the perturb ed densit y in the comoving gauge, and the perturb ed velo city and the perturb ed potential in the zero-shear gauge show the same behavior as the Newtonian ones in general scales . In the ® rst part, we elab orate these Newtonian corresp ondences. In the second part, using the identi ® ed gauge-in varian t variables with correct Newtonian corresp ondences, we presen t the relativistic results with general pressures in the background and perturbation. We presen t the general super-sound-horizon scale solutions of the ab ove men tioned variables valid for general K , L, and generally evolving equation of state. We show that, for vanishing K , the sup er-soundhorizon scale evolution is characterised by a conserve d variable which is the perturb ed three-space curv ature in the comoving gauge. We also presen t equations for the multi-comp onent hydro dynamic situation and for the rotation and gravitational wave.
Recent advances and review on use of botanicals from medicinal and aromatic plants in stored grain pest management

Stored grain infestation is a very serious problem as various life stages of insects cause economic damage and deteriorates the quality of food grains and food products. There are number of stored grain insect pests that infest food grains in farmer stores and public warehouses and massively surge due to un-controlled environmental conditions and poor ware housing technology used. However, for suppression of multiplying insect population highly specific and more appropriate modern methods are to be used. Few important methods such as microwave and ionizing irradiation, pheromone baited traps, IGRs and use of entomopathogens are proved highly effective against stored grain insects. Botanicals have been used since time immemorial for protection of stored products against common pests. They acts as repellents, antifeedants, toxicants and behave as natural grain protectants by behaving as chemosterilants/reproduction inhibitors or insect growth and development inhibitors. Literature shows that some chemical constituents of these oils interfere with the nervous system in insects. Due to the recent surge in use of green pesticides, the use of plant based pesticides is gaining a lot of impetus. Considering the above points, the present review paper emphasises on the work done on use of botanicals to combat stored pest in food grains with special emphasis on the classification, the mode of action, recent advances in use of botanicals and the commercial and regulatory constrains.
Performance analysis for the long-term field verifications of grid-connected photovoltaic system: case study in Taiwan

In recently years, global warming and climate change have gradually emerged. Photovoltaic (PV) energy has attracted intensive research effort, due to its unique properties and versatile applications. The power generated by the PV systems can be directly supplied to buildings or electrical grids to reduce high costs associated with using energy such as electricity and fossil fuels. However, due to the low energy-conversion efficiency of the PV systems, it is necessary to improve the performance of the PV systems by tackling energy loss issues. In order to achieve the maximum power output in real time, the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control technique is essential to PV-assisted generation systems. In this study, we have evaluated the performance of a PV system on the roof of the bulling at National Taiwan University. The tracking of the maximum power output of the PV system can be achieved in real time, while the power tracking with a Perturbation and Observation (P&O) method remains unchanged. Based on experimental results obtained from an outdoor environment over one year, the performances of PV modules under outdoor operations are deeply affected by their location and environmental conditions. The relationship between the performances of the PV system and the irradiation conditions for the multi-crystalline silicon PV modules utilized in the proposed system was examined in detail.
Structure and absolute growth of a population of Hippolyte inermis Leach 1815 (Decapoda: Caridea) from Zostera marina (L.) meadows (Malaga, southern Spain)

The Hippolyte inermis Leach 1815 population from Zostera marina beds in southern Spain showed two recruitment periods that occurred simultaneously for both sexes (from September to December and from April to June), in a size range between 1.67 and 1.90 mm carapace length, due to gonadal activity and eggs hatching in summer and winter. The estimated Von Bertalanffy parameters were used to determine absolute growth and showed that males live for around 8 months and females for around 12 months; consequently, four cohorts for males and 7 to 8 for females can coexist throughout the cycle. The sex ratio favours females throughout the entire life cycle. Data published on the reproductive biology of H. inermis support the idea that this is a protandric hermaphrodite species, though recent studies have revealed that there is no histological proof of hermaphroditic sexuality in adult specimens of this species. The results obtained here indicate that the Canuelo Beach Hippolyte inermis population has a gonochoric structure. If H. inermis were to have hermaphroditic sexuality, the sex reversal of adult males would occur in a single moult in the size range between 2.42 and 3.22 mm. These new, secondary females would be incorporated into the primary female cohort at practically the same size, although they would be 0.12 to 5.20 months younger. Our results, compared with those from other population studies, suggest that this species has a highly plastic population structure, which seems to be determined by external factors and which varies between the protandric and gonochoric condition, depending on the conditions of the habitat.
Effects of training on resting plasma levels of homocysteine and C-reactive protein in competitive male and female wrestlers

Effects of training on resting plasma levels of homocysteine and C-reactive protein in competitive male and female wrestlers Study aim: To assess the effects of training on resting plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP), folic acid, and on the activity of creatine kinase (CK) in competitive male and female wrestlers. Material and methods: Polish elite wrestlers, male MW; n = 11) and female (FW; n = 11), as well as corresponding numbers of untrained, control subjects (MC and FC, respectively), participated in the study. Blood for assays was withdrawn from the antecubital vein in the morning, in pre-prandial state. Homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP), folic acid and creatine kinase (CK) activity were assayed in plasma. Results: Mean concentrations of Hcy and CRP were in the control groups significantly higher and those of folic acid — lower than in the respective groups of wrestlers. Folic acid levels were negatively correlated with Hcy, especially in wrestlers (r = -0.540; p<0.01). Mean CK activity was significantly (p<0.001) higher in male wrestlers than in male controls or female subjects. No significant correlation between CK and CRP was found. Conclusions: Strength-speed training practiced by elite wrestlers, associated with significantly lower values of Hcy and CRP in them compared with the untrained subjects, may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases at later age, like in case of endurance training.
Effect of Oregano and Marjoram Essential Oils on the Physical and Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan Based Systems

The effect of two essential oils (EOs), from Origanum vulgare and Origanum majorana, their structural properties, and concentration on physical and antimicrobial characteristics of chitosan based solutions as well as films was investigated. Results showed that significantly different behaviour was induced by variation in the compositions of given essential oils. Film-forming solutions (FFS) containing oregano oil comprised considerably greater particles in comparison with the marjoram samples. Similarly, structural changes were confirmed by SEM analysis of chitosan films modified with the EOs; the smaller particles of the marjoram oil demonstrated better compatibility with chitosan matrix. However, chitosan films enriched with the oregano oil showed significantly superior antimicrobial activity compared to the marjoram. The dissimilar effects of the two EOs were also observed by water vapour pressure (WVP) measurement; increasing the amount of oregano oil triggered a drop in the WVP of the prepared films, whereas the marjoram oil had a negligible impact in this respect. These results suggest that the structural features of active substances in the EOs play a crucial role in determining the final properties of FFS and biofilm systems.
Screening and pathogenicity of soil-borne fungal communities in relationship with organically amended soils cultivated by watermelon in Tunisia

Soil mycoflora analysis from cucurbits showed remarkable diversity A total of 180 soil samples were collected from experimental field treated with four doses of organic amendments (0, 20, 40, 60 tons per hectare) and cultivated by five cucurbits (watermelon, grafted watermelon, muskmelon, grafted muskmelon and squash) to determining number of soil-borne fungi. This study aimed to isolate and identify the mesophilic and thermophilic fungi from soil and to evaluate their pathogenicity. The highest number of CFUs was recorded in the fertilized soil samples with 60 tons per hectare, compared with control and amended soil with 20 tons for mesophilic (30°C) or thermophilic (45°C) fungi. The CFUs values of soil samples fertilized with 60 tons/ ha of organic manure varied from 23.554 x 105 per gram of soil (melon seedlings) to 18.598 x 105 (grafted watermelon seedlings), for the total number of mesophilic fungi, and from 23.697 x 103 (melon seedlings) to 9.993 x 103 (grafted watermelon seedlings) for all the identified thermophilic fungi. The use of 60 tons per hectare of organic amendments was the most suppressive dose, with 0.34% of the total number of mesophilic pathogenic fungi. Thirty-six species belonging to 17 genera were identified for the two fungi types. The genera with the highest number of species were Aspergillus sp. (9) and Penicillium sp. (4). According to pathogenicity test, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani are the most virulent on watermelon plants.