Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fenofibrate potentiates warfarin effects.

OBJECTIVE To describe 2 patients in whom the initiation of fenofibrate potentiated warfarin's anticoagulant effects. CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old white woman and an 80-year-old white woman with multiple medical conditions were both stabilized on long-term warfarin therapy. During the course of anticoagulation, both patients were prescribed fenofibrate and experienced threefold and twofold increases in international normalized ratio (INR), respectively, requiring total weekly warfarin dosage reductions of 30-40%. Before starting fenofibrate therapy, both patients' coagulation values were within the therapeutic range. When interviewed, patients and caregivers denied bleeding, bruising, changes in diet, alcohol ingestion, nonadherence with therapy, or changes in drug regimen except for the addition of fenofibrate. Upon chart review, evaluation of potentially contributory parameters, such as other changes in drug therapy, thyroid function, liver function, and drug-disease interactions, showed that these parameters remained stable and were ruled noncontributory. DISCUSSION The addition of fenofibrate in 2 patients on stable and therapeutic doses of warfarin increased the anticoagulant response to warfarin. A clear temporal relationship with the addition of fenofibrate and the appearance of the interaction was seen. Fenofibrate is highly protein bound, with the potential to displace warfarin from its binding protein, leading to an enhanced hypoprothrombinemic effect. Fenofibrate is also a mild to moderate inhibitor of CYP2C9, the enzyme responsible for warfarin metabolism. The combination of these effects--displacement of warfarin by fenofibrate coupled with decreased metabolism of warfarin--may increase the anticoagulant response to warfarin. Using the Naranjo probability scale, these interactions were designated as probable. CONCLUSIONS We suggest serial monitoring of INR and consider an empiric 20% reduction in warfarin dosage when fenofibrate is initiated, with the possibility for a greater warfarin dosage reduction based on INR results.
More adverse renal prognosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in families with primary hypertension.

Marked variability of age at renal death is noted in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The hypothesis that the coexistence of primary hypertension and ADPKD within families is associated with earlier renal death was tested. Of a total of 162 ADPKD patients treated in one Austrian and three German centers, 57 propositi were identified whose families provided (1) information concerning blood pressure; (2) documented presence of ADPKD (by sonography or autopsy) in one parent; and (3) age at renal death in the propositus. Hypertension of the unaffected parent was defined as blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg or antihypertensive treatment before age 60 yr. Age at renal death in the propositus was defined as the start of renal replacement therapy. Median age at renal death of 23 offspring (11 male, 12 female) from families with a history of primary hypertension of the nonaffected parent was lower than that of 34 offspring (16 male, 18 female) from families without a known history of primary hypertension of the nonaffected parent, i.e., 49 yr (26 to 64) versus 54 yr (28 to 82) (P < 0.03). The data are consistent with the notion that genetic predisposition to primary hypertension is associated with an earlier onset of terminal renal failure in families with ADPKD.
Model Specification in the Analysis of Spatial Dependence

The recent surge in studies analysing spatial dependence in political science has gone hand-in-hand with increased attention paid to the choice of estimation technique. In comparison, specification choice has been relatively neglected, even though it leads to equally, if not more, serious inference problems. In this article four specification issues are analysed. It is argued that to avoid biased estimates of the spatial effects, researchers need to consider carefully how to model temporal dynamics, common trends and common shocks, as well as how to account for spatial clustering and unobserved spatial heterogeneity. The remaining two specification issues relate to the weighting matrix employed for the creation of spatial effects: whether it should be row-standardised and what functional form to choose for this matrix. The importance of these specification issues is demonstrated by replicating Hays' model of spatial dependence in international capital tax rate competition. Seemingly small changes to model specification have major impacts on the spatial effect estimates. It is recommended that spatial analysts develop their theories of spatial dependencies further to provide more guidance on the specification of the estimation model. In the absence of sufficiently developed theories, the robustness of results to specification changes needs to be demonstrated.
Experimental studies on the bone metabolism of male rats chronically exposed to cadmium intoxication using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Cadmium (Cd) has been identified as the etiologic agent of itai-itai disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chronic Cd exposure affects bone metabolism in a male rat model and to estimate the bone mineral density (BMD) differences in lumbar and femoral bone because of Cd exposure. Six-week-old male Hos Donryu rats were used in this experiment. Cadmium was administered at a dose of 200 ppm to rats in the diet to produce experimental chronic Cd poisoning. Bone mineral density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) with a high-resolution scan collimator (0.25 mm diameter) (Hologic QDR-2000). The Cd content in renal tissue reached a critical concentration of 128.42 ± 14.38 μg/g 10 months after the administration of the element (Table 3). The average blood urea nitrogen (BUN) value was increased throughout the period of the experiment, and the serum creatinine value of the experimental group showed an increase after 2 months of Cd administration (0.46 ± 0.09 mg/dL). The concentration of urinary calcium changed in the experimental group after exposure to Cd for 12 months (15.4 ± 0.13 mg/dL). DEXA showed a greater reduction in the bone mineral density of the 5th vertebral body (L5) in rats that had ingested Cd for 4 months (0.359 ± 0.013 g/cm2) than in control rats (0.372 ± 0.012 g/cm2, P < 0.01). On the contrary, the difference in bone mineral content between rats ingesting Cd for 6–8 months and control rats was not significant. However, significant reductions in bone mineral content were again noted in rats that had ingested Cd for 12 months (0.339 ± 0.023 g/cm2) compared with the control group (0.385 ± 0.012 g/cm2, P < 0.01). The bone mineral density of the right femoral bone in control rats was 0.328 ± 0.018 g/cm2 and that in experimental rats was 0.306 ± 0.012 g/cm2, and a meaningful difference was recognized (P < 0.05). Histological examination of the rats exposed to Cd for 12 months showed that the 5th lumbar vertebral body (L5) exhibited osteomalacia. The results of our studies show that Cd stimulated a loss of bone mineral at an early stage to a great extent in male rats. In the examination of male rats, bone injury and renal functional disorder were encountered simultaneously. This study suggested that osteomalacia was induced by a direct action of Cd on the bone through abnormal calcium homeostasis at an early stage in male rats.
Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass surgery increases number but not density of CCK‐, GLP‐1‐, 5‐HT‐, and neurotensin‐expressing enteroendocrine cells in rats

Background Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is very effective in reducing excess body weight and improving glucose homeostasis in obese subjects. Changes in the pattern of gut hormone secretion are thought to play a major role, but the mechanisms leading to both changed hormone secretion and beneficial effects remain unclear. Specifically, it is not clear whether changes in the number of hormone‐secreting enteroendocrine cells, or changes in the releasing stimuli, or both, are important.
Ensemble Learning Using Decorrelated Neural Networks

We describe a decorrelation network training method for improving the quality of regression learning in 'ensemble' neural networks NNs that are composed of linear combinations of individual NNs. In this method, individual networks are trained by backpropogation not only to reproduce a desired output, but also to have their errors linearly decorrelated with the other networks. Outputs from the individual networks are then linearly combined to produce the output of the ensemble network. We demonstrate the performances of decorrelated network training on learning the 'three-parity' logic function, a noisy sine function and a one-dimensional non-linear function, and compare the results with the ensemble networks composed of independently trained individual networks without decorrelation training . Empirical results show than when individual networks are forced to be decorrelated with one another the resulting ensemble NNs have lower mean squared errors than the ensemble networks having independently trained i.
The Interleukin-17 Gene of Herpesvirus Saimiri

ABSTRACT In comparison to wild-type herpesvirus saimiri, viral interleukin-17 gene knockout mutants have unaltered behavior regarding viral replication, T-cell transformation in vitro, and pathogenicity in cottontop tamarins. Thus, this gene is not required for T-cell lymphoma induction but may contribute to apathogenic viral persistence in the natural host, the squirrel monkey.
Analyzing The Affects Of Experiential Value Dimensions On Customers’ Extra-Role Behavior

The affects of experiential value on customers’ in-role behavior have widely been investigated in the past literature. However, there is a dearth of studies discussing the affects of experiential value dimensions (aesthetic value, customer return on investment playfulness, and service excellence) on customers’ extrarole behavior like customers’ citizenship behavior. The current paper aimed to overcome this gap by examining the affects of aesthetic value, customer return on investment, playfulness and service excellence on customers’ citizenship behavior in hypermarkets retailing. The data were collected from 800 customers of Malaysian hypermarket. The data were analyzed through Covariance Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM). The results revealed that aesthetic value and service excellence positively influenced customers’ citizenship behavior. Contrary to it, the customers’ return on investment and playfulness did not influence the customers’ citizenship behavior. The findings showed that the customer possessed citizenship behavior in response to reactive values of hypermarkets. In contrast, the customers did not possess citizenship behavior in response to the active values of the hypermarkets. It is suggested that the hypermarket managers need to find out the ways to develop customers’ citizenship behavior based on active value. © 2018 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Self‐Reported Acne Severity, Treatment, and Belief Patterns across Multiple Racial and Ethnic Groups in Adolescent Students

Abstract: Acne vulgaris is a common condition among adolescents regardless of age, gender, and race. We compare the frequency, severity, help‐seeking behavior, treatment, and beliefs about acne among students based on race, ethnicity, gender, and age. Anonymous surveys were administered to 1,214 students aged 10–19 years of varied gender, race, and ethnicity in public middle and high schools in New Jersey. Results showed the frequency and severity of acne were high (76% and 65%, respectively) and more prevalent in white compared to non‐white respondents (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04–1.24 and RR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.09–1.37, respectively), and also in older compared to younger ages (RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.17–1.32 and RR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.32–1.55, respectively). The majority of respondents (83%) reported never having seen a physician for their acne; however, those reporting acne of some severity were more likely to have seen a physician compared with those who did not report acne (21% vs. 8%, p < 0.001). Blacks who reported mild or moderate severity of acne were more likely to have seen a health professional compared to white respondents with same the acne severity (RR = 3.63, 95% CI = 2.06–6.37 and RR = 3.06, 95% CI = 2.02–4.65, respectively). Conversely, Hispanic respondents with mild or moderate acne were less likely to have seen a health professional compared to whites with the same acne severity (RR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.35–0.89 and RR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.26–0.86, respectively). Beliefs about external factors affecting acne also varied by race and ethnicity. In conclusion, the severity, frequency, and beliefs about acne all play a role in help‐seeking behaviors, which vary to a significant extent by race and ethnicity.
A comparison of the neuromuscular blocking effects and reversibility of cisatracurium and atracurium

The neuromuscular blocking effects and the reversibility of cisatracurium 0.1 or 0.15 mgkg−1 were compared with those of atracurium 0.5 mgkg−1 during anaesthesia with propofol, nitrous oxide and isoflurane. Neuromuscular block was monitored using train‐of‐four stimulation while recording the mechanomyographic response of the adductor pollicis muscle. The block was either allowed to recover spontaneously or was antagonised with neostigmine 50 μgkg−1 at 10% or 25% recovery of the first twitch of the train‐of‐four. The median times to maximum block were 2.7, 2.2 and 1.5 min following cisatracurium 0.1 and 0.15 mgkg−1 and atracurium 0.5 mgkg−1, respectively. After cisatracurium 0.1 mgkg−1 had been given, the median time to recovery of the train‐of‐four ratio to 0.8 (‘adequate recovery’) was 74 min during spontaneous recovery, 48 min after reversal with neostigmine when the first twitch of the train‐of‐four had returned to 10% of control and 50 min after reversal when the first twitch of the train‐of‐four had returned to 25% of control. These times for cisatracurium 0.15 mgkg−1 and atracurium 0.5 mgkg−1 were 90, 66 and 57 min and 75, 56 and 54 min, respectively. Administration of neostigmine significantly shortened the time to adequate recovery for both drugs but there were no significant differences in the case of either neuromuscular blocking drug between the groups of patients given neostigmine at 10 or 25% recovery of the first twitch of the train‐of‐four.
Modulation of cannabinoid signaling by hippocampal 5-HT4 serotonergic system in fear conditioning

Behavioral studies have suggested a key role for the cannabinoid system in the modulation of conditioned fear memory. Likewise, much of the literature has revealed that the serotonergic system affects Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction. A high level of functional overlap between the serotonin and cannabinoid systems has also been reported. To clarify the interaction between the hippocampal serotonin (5-HT4) receptor and the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in the acquisition of fear memory, the effects of 5-HT4 agents, arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA; CB1 receptor agonist), and the combined use of these drugs on fear learning were studied in a fear conditioning task in adult male NMRI mice. Pre-training intraperitoneal administration of ACPA (0.1 mg/kg) decreased the percentage of freezing time in both context- and tone-dependent fear conditions, suggesting impairment of the acquisition of fear memory. Pre-training, intra-hippocampal (CA1) microinjection of RS67333, a 5-HT4 receptor agonist, at doses of 0.1 and 0.2 or 0.2 µg/mouse impaired contextual and tone fear memory, respectively. A subthreshold dose of RS67333 (0.005 µg/mouse) did not alter the ACPA response in either condition. Moreover, intra-CA1 microinjection of RS23597 as a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist did not alter context-dependent fear memory acquisition, but it did impair tone-dependent fear memory acquisition. However, a subthreshold dose of the RS23597 (0.01 µg/mouse) potentiated ACPA-induced fear memory impairment in both conditions. Therefore, we suggest that the blockade of hippocampal 5-HT4 serotonergic system modulates cannabinoid signaling induced by the activation of CB1 receptors in conditioned fear.
In Justice We Trust: Predicting User Acceptance of E-Customer Services

High-quality customer service is an integral part of any successful enterprise, but providing it can be a challenge for online merchants, especially when customers are complaining about each other. This study examines how justice and trust affect user acceptance of e-customer services by conducting an online experiment involving 380 participants. The results suggest that trust in the e-customer service fully mediates the effects of trust in the service representative and procedural justice on intentions to reuse the e-customer service. Furthermore, the effect of distributive justice on trust in the e-customer service was fully mediated by trust in the e-service representative. Finally, the effect of informational justice on user intentions to reuse the e-customer service was partially mediated by trust in the service representative and trust in the e-customer service. Theoretical and practical implications are further discussed.
Multi-level QAM single-carrier high-efficiency broadband wireless system for millimeter-wave applications

In preparation for achieving the millimeter-wave ultra-broadband wireless system aimed at seamless connection with the optical communication network, we have developed key devices such as baseband signal processing SoC (System-On-Chip) with the built-in ultrahigh-speed multi-level QAM (Quadrature amplitude modulation) modem (modulator and demodulator), SiGe I/Q quadrature modulator and demodulator MMIC (Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit), and GaAsHEMT frequency converter MMIC. We have also prototyped the micro-mini and ultra-broadband 38 GHz band point-to-point wireless system using TDD (Time Division Duplex) mode with dynamic bandwidth assignment that adopts the configurations of separate transmission and receiving antennas capitalizing on the characteristic of smaller antenna area in the millimeter-wave band to achieve the performance that the radio clock frequency is 200 MHz and the maximum effective throughput on 16QAM is 600 Mbps.
Application of islamic business ethics in online selling and buying transaction

Basically, there are many things can affect Customer Satisfaction, one of which is the application of business ethics. In Islam, buying and selling transactions are something permissible as long as the conditions in accordance with Islamic Shari'a can be fulfilled. Islamic Business Ethics guarantees business people, both of business people, business partners, and consumers will benefit from each other in a particular business transaction. This study aims to analyze the influence between the variables of Islamic Business Ethics on the Customer Satisfaction variable, and (2) the influence of the Customer Satisfaction variable towards the Word of Mouth variable. The sample of this study is 200 respondents. The data analysis technique used Partial Least Square (PLS). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the Islamic Business Ethics Variable consisting of Free Will and Benevolence has a positive influence on Customer Satisfaction and the Customer Satisfaction variable has a positive influence on Word of Mouth. While the Unity, Equilibrium, and Responsibility variables do not affect Customer Satisfaction.
Neural Networks Essential for Naming and Word Comprehension

Lesion/deficit association studies of aphasia commonly focus on one brain region as primarily responsible for a particular language deficit. However, functional imaging and some lesion studies indicate that multiple brain regions are likely necessary for any language task. We tested 156 acute stroke patients on basic language tasks (naming and spoken and written word comprehension) and magnetic resonance diffusion and perfusion imaging to determine the relative contributions of various brain regions to each task. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the error rate on each task was best predicted by dysfunction in several perisylvian regions, with both common and distinct regions for the 3 tasks.
Gradients explode - Deep Networks are shallow - ResNet explained

Whereas it is believed that techniques such as Adam, batch normalization and, more recently, SeLU nonlinearities "solve" the exploding gradient problem, we show that this is not the case in general and that in a range of popular MLP architectures, exploding gradients exist and that they limit the depth to which networks can be effectively trained, both in theory and in practice. We explain why exploding gradients occur and highlight the *collapsing domain problem*, which can arise in architectures that avoid exploding gradients. ResNets have significantly lower gradients and thus can circumvent the exploding gradient problem, enabling the effective training of much deeper networks, which we show is a consequence of a surprising mathematical property. By noticing that *any neural network is a residual network*, we devise the *residual trick*, which reveals that introducing skip connections simplifies the network mathematically, and that this simplicity may be the major cause for their success.
EVIDENCE FOR A COMMON DEFECT ASSOCIATED WITH PRESSURE IN THE AORTA OF TWO HYPERTENSIVE RAT STRAINS

1. Thoracic aortas of normotensive (Wistar‐Kyoto (WKY) and Lyon normotensive (LN)) and hypertensive (spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Lyon hypertensive (LH)) rats from two groups (Japanese (WKY rats and SHR) and Lyon (LN and LH rats)) were compared using organ chambers. Changes in endothelium and smooth muscle reactivity to noradrenaline (NA), carbamylcholine and Nω‐nitro‐ L‐arginine ( L‐NNA) were analysed to distinguish between changes in reactivity that are associated with the presence of hypertension and those that are dependent on group (Japanese vs Lyon).
Exploring utilitarian and hedonic antecedents for adopting information from a recommendation agent and unplanned purchase behaviour

Research indicated that in order for properly utilizing recommendation agents (RAs), customers must rationally evaluate capability and suggestions of RAs during the interaction process. However, enjoying interactive processes and interface is also important. Methods for increasing user enjoyment of RAs are yet unknown. This study investigated the influences of utilitarian and hedonic factors on intention to adopt RAs suggestions and their antecedents. Involvement influences relative importance of utilitarian and hedonic factors. Contrary to common assumptions, customers may make unplanned purchases, rather than rational purchase. A field experiment with 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design reveals main findings. First, information diagnosticity and enjoyment enhance adoption intention simultaneously. Information diagnosticity is more important than enjoyment. Diagnosticity was determined by outcome similarity, and enjoyment was determined by both outcome similarity and atmospherics. The context of interacting with RAs is important. Outcome similarity even directly affects adoption intention. Second, highly involved users considered enjoyment and diagnosticity when forming adoption intentions, while users with low involvement only considered enjoyment. Third, information cascades altered the relationship between adoption intention and unplanned purchases. Most customers change selection after seeing ratings from other customers, even if they originally strongly want to adoption suggestion from RAs. Theoretical and managerial implications are proposed.