Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interplay between TRAP1 and Sirtuin-3 Modulates Mitochondrial Respiration and Oxidative Stress to Maintain Stemness of Glioma Stem Cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) cancer stem cells (CSC) are primarily responsible for metastatic dissemination, resistance to therapy, and relapse of GBM, the most common and aggressive brain tumor. Development and maintenance of CSCs require orchestrated metabolic rewiring and metabolic adaptation to a changing microenvironment. Here, we show that cooperative interplay between the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 and the major mitochondria deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) in glioma stem cells (GSC) increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reduces production of reactive oxygen species. This metabolic regulation endowed GSCs with metabolic plasticity, facilitated adaptation to stress (particularly reduced nutrient supply), and maintained "stemness. " Inactivation of TRAP1 or SIRT3 compromised their interdependent regulatory mechanisms, leading to metabolic alterations, loss of stemness, and suppression of tumor formation by GSC in vivo. Thus, targeting the metabolic mechanisms regulating interplay between TRAP1 and SIRT3 may provide a novel therapeutic option for intractable patients with GBM. SIGNIFICANCE: Discovery and functional analysis of a TRAP1-SIRT3 complex in glioma stem cells identify potential target proteins for glioblastoma treatment.
Treatment Combining CD200 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Tumor-Lysate Vaccination after Surgery for Pet Dogs with High-Grade Glioma

Recent advances in immunotherapy have included inhibition of immune checkpoint proteins in the tumor microenvironment and tumor lysate-based vaccination strategies. We combined these approaches in pet dogs with high-grade glioma. Administration of a synthetic peptide targeting the immune checkpoint protein, CD200, enhanced the capacity of antigen-presenting cells to prime T-cells to mediate an anti-glioma response. We found that in canine spontaneous gliomas, local injection of a canine-specific, CD200-directed peptide before subcutaneous delivery of an autologous tumor lysate vaccine prolonged survival relative to a historical control treated with autologous tumor lysate alone (median survivals of 12.7 months and 6.36 months, respectively). Antigen-presenting cells and T-lymphocytes primed with this peptide suppressed their expression of the inhibitory CD200 receptor, thereby enhancing their ability to initiate immune reactions in a glioblastoma microenvironment replete with the immunosuppressive CD200 protein. These results support consideration of a CD200 ligand as a novel glioblastoma immunotherapeutic agent.
Gone in 60 seconds: the absorption of news in a high-frequency betting market

This paper tests for efficiency in a betting market that offers high-frequency data, the Betfair betting exchange for wagering on outcomes of English Premier League soccer matches. We find clear evidence of rapid adjustment of prices to large disturbances (news). Full adjustment takes place within a one minute interval after the news. This suggests that this particular wagering market is not just efficient at pre-match prices but is also efficient in the face of events within games.
Dynamics and Kinetics of Cupric Ion Removal from Wastewaters by Tunisian Solid Crude Olive-Oil Waste

The present paper aims to develop a low cost, efficient, and environmentally-friendly process to purify (industrial) waters contaminated by copper by the use of oil mill wastes, through kinetic, thermodynamic, and equilibrium investigations. To do so, the raw adsorbent was characterized using different analytical techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then, the interaction between copper and olive residues were examined during batch adsorption tests at various operating parameters, such as pH, initial concentration, contact time, and particle size. Kinetic data were best fitted with Broeurs-Sotolongo kinetic model. Additionally, it was found that film and intraparticle diffusion steps controlled simultaneously the mass transfer of copper onto olive mill solid waste. Among the eight tested models, Broeurs-Sotolongo isotherm suited the most the sorption, with regards to the function errors analysis. It was deduced that the adsorption of copper does not involve chemical bonds with high energy which allows easier regeneration steps and higher number of biosorbent regeneration cycles without any need for applying high temperature in the desorption reaction systems. The adsorption capacity (18.93 mg/g) calculated on the basis of this model was close to the experimental value (18.4 mg/g) but more interestingly it brought up that 50% of the generated amounts of olive wastes in Tunisia could eliminate 1.84 kTons of copper from industrial waters.
Qualitative Study on the Impact of Child Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of Children, Caregivers, and Professionals in Indian Context

ABSTRACT With an alarming increase in reported cases of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) in India, the present study was conceived in an attempt to unearth the impact of CSA from the perspective of children, their caregivers, and the professionals dealing with them using qualitative research methodology. The secondary objective of the study was to discuss the clinical implications of the obtained findings for conducting culturally sensitive psychological assessment and intervention for CSA in India. Thus, in-depth interviews with 11 children and 7 Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) with 21 caregivers and 27 professionals were conducted. A total of 59 sample participants were recruited, and a thematic analysis was done. Six broad themes were identified from 223 generated codes-impact on behavioral, emotional, cognitive functioning and academics, psychopathology, biological, and social functioning. Four essential recommendations were concluded from the study, i.e., multidimensional impact assessment as a mandatory clinical practice, developing and utilizing culturally sensitive assessment & intervention protocols, incorporation of family-focused approach and multidisciplinary treatment team approach to ensure the holistic well-being of each chilsd in India.
Predicting mortality in patients with suspected sepsis at the Emergency Department; A retrospective cohort study comparing qSOFA, SIRS and National Early Warning Score

Objective In hospitalized patients, the risk of sepsis-related mortality can be assessed using the quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA). Currently, different tools that predict deterioration such as the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) have been introduced in clinical practice in Emergency Departments (ED) worldwide. It remains ambiguous which screening tool for mortality at the ED is best. The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive performance for mortality of two sepsis-based scores (i.e. qSOFA and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)-criteria) compared to the more general NEWS score, in patients with suspected infection directly at presentation to the ED. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study. Patients who presented to the ED between June 2012 and May 2016 with suspected sepsis in a large tertiary care center were included. Suspected sepsis was defined as initiation of intravenous antibiotics and/or collection of any culture in the ED. Outcome was defined as 10-day and 30-day mortality after ED presentation. Predictive performance was expressed as discrimination (AUC) and calibration using Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Subsequently, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. Results In total 8,204 patients were included of whom 286 (3.5%) died within ten days and 490 (6.0%) within 30 days after presentation. NEWS had the best performance, followed by qSOFA and SIRS (10-day AUC: 0.837, 0.744, 0.646, 30-day AUC: 0.779, 0.697, 0.631). qSOFA (≥2) lacked a high sensitivity versus SIRS (≥2) and NEWS (≥7) (28.5%, 77.2%, 68.0%), whilst entailing highest specificity versus NEWS and SIRS (93.7%, 66.5%, 37.6%). Conclusions NEWS is more accurate in predicting 10- and 30-day mortality than qSOFA and SIRS in patients presenting to the ED with suspected sepsis.
Taurine potentiates the anticonvulsive effect of the GABAA agonist muscimol and pentobarbital in the immature mouse hippocampus

The high incidence of epileptic seizures in neonates and their frequent refractoriness to pharmacologic therapies require identification of new therapeutical options. Therefore, we investigated whether the modulatory effect of taurine on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors can enhance the anticonvulsive potential of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol and of the barbiturate pentobarbital.
Physicochemical properties to support fibre characterization in monogastric animal nutrition

Abstract BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to rank conventionally used fibre rich feeds for their physicochemical properties and detect possible correlation between analytical fibre determinations. A total of 22 samples were analysed for proximate fibre values, soluble dietary fibre (SDF), insoluble dietary fibre (IDF), crude protein (CP) and crude ash (CA). Physicochemical properties were determined in vitro by hydration capacity (HC) [water holding capacity (WHC), water binding capacity (WBC), swelling property (SwP)] and buffering capacity [linear buffering rate (LBR)]. RESULTS Fibre content and physicochemical properties varied markedly between the samples. HC was highest for beet pulp and lowest for rice and millet bran. Buffering capacity expressed minimum values for lignocelluloses and maximum values for rape seed hulls. The correlation of methods was positively between WBC, WHC and SwP (r ≤ 0.89; P ≤ 0.003) but not significant for HC and buffering capacity. SwP negatively correlated with crude fibre (CF), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFOM) and IDF (r ≤ −0.48; P ≤ 0.05). WBC and SwP positively correlated with SDF (r ≤ 0.63; P ≤ 0.04). LBR was negatively correlated with CF, aNDFOM, IDF and total dietary fibre (r ≤ −0.55; P ≤ 0.02), but positively with CP (r = 0.53; P = 0.01). CONCLUSION The determination of physicochemical properties is applicable to rank fibre rich feeds, some correlations between fibre analytical measurements and physicochemical properties were detected. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry
Comparative study on prediction of paediatric endotracheal tube size by ultrasonography and by age based formulas

Background: Age-based formulas have been widely used to predict the appropriate size of the endotracheal tube (ETT) for intubation in paediatric age group. These formulas often fail to reliably predict the proper size of ETT. The objective of the study is to determine whether the tracheal internal diameter imaged by ultrasound is a better predictor of ETT size than age based formulas. Methods: The study included a total of 60 patients of ASA 1 and 2 aged between 2 and 15 years of either sex posted for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. After institutional ethical committee approval and written consent from the parents, anaesthesia was induced as per the protocol. The tracheal diameter was measured after induction of anaesthesia, during mask ventilation prior to intubation. A linear high frequency ultrasound probe (GE venue 40) was used to measure the tracheal diameter. The size of ETT was selected according to the measured tracheal diameter. The leak test and adequate oxygenation/ventilation were the objective tests used to validate the appropriateness of the ETT chosen. The ETT sizes determined by age based formulas and by the use of ultrasound were statistically compared with the appropriate ETT size used clinically for intubation. Results: The estimation of endotracheal tube size with the aid of ultrasound was found to be superior when compared with age based formulas. Ultrasound tube size determination correlated well with clinically used ETT size. Conclusions: Determination of endotracheal tube size by ultrasound is a good predictor of proper sized ETT in paediatric age group when compared with age based formulas.
Knowledge-driven Encode, Retrieve, Paraphrase for Medical Image Report Generation

Generating long and semantic-coherent reports to describe medical images poses great challenges towards bridging visual and linguistic modalities, incorporating medical domain knowledge, and generating realistic and accurate descriptions. We propose a novel Knowledge-driven Encode, Retrieve, Paraphrase (KERP) approach which reconciles traditional knowledge- and retrieval-based methods with modern learning-based methods for accurate and robust medical report generation. Specifically, KERP decomposes medical report generation into explicit medical abnormality graph learning and subsequent natural language modeling. KERP first employs an Encode module that transforms visual features into a structured abnormality graph by incorporating prior medical knowledge; then a Retrieve module that retrieves text templates based on the detected abnormalities; and lastly, a Paraphrase module that rewrites the templates according to specific cases. The core of KERP is a proposed generic implementation unit—Graph Transformer (GTR) that dynamically transforms high-level semantics between graph-structured data of multiple domains such as knowledge graphs, images and sequences. Experiments show that the proposed approach generates structured and robust reports supported with accurate abnormality description and explainable attentive regions, achieving the state-of-the-art results on two medical report benchmarks, with the best medical abnormality and disease classification accuracy and improved human evaluation performance.
Les vaisseaux méningés de l'homme d'Ehringsdorf d'après les moulages endocrâniens

Extr. de res. d'A. (.) La topographie du reseau meninge correspond a ce que nous savons de ce systeme dans la lignee d'Homo erectus. Ces fossiles semblent s'integrer parmi les Parasapiens, phylum detache de la lignee d'H. erectus pendant la periode rissienne, mais distinct des Neandertaliens " classiques ". (.) L'Homme d'Ehringsdorf s'intercale parmi les Parasapiens entre les fossiles de Fontechevade et de Salzgitter-Lebenstedt
The Correlation Between Fatigue and Sleep Quality among Patients with Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) patients may experience fatigue and poor sleep quality due to impairment in cardiac structure or function. These distressing symptoms may create a vicious circle leading to poor outcomes but often undervalued and ignored among patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fatigue and sleep quality among patients with HF in Indonesia. A cross-sectional, correlational study design was performed with 153 convenience samples recruited from a cardiology outpatient department at a medical center in Indonesia. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses (independent t-tests, one-way Analysis of Variance, and Pearson correlation), and hierarchical regression analysis were utilized to analyze the data. Instruments included demographic characteristics and clinical variables questionnaire, the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The mean age of participants was 61.86±10.79 years old and the mean duration of HF diagnosis was 4.26±5.48 years. All participants complained of fatigue, while 73.2% had poor sleep quality. Participants who were poor sleepers had a higher proportion of individuals used massage, not having taken dyslipidemia drugs, had normotension or well-controlled blood pressure, and suffered from hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and renal diseases. All fatigue domains, except the degree of interference in ADL, was significantly associated with sleep quality. However, only the timing domain determined sleep quality, meaning, the longer the fatigue, the poorer the sleep quality. This study suggests future interventions should be directed to decrease the level of severity, distress reduction, and particularly shorten fatigue duration should be developed to improve the sleep quality.
The Effect of Family-Centered Care on the Duration of Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patients: A Clinical Trial Study

Background: The use of nonpharmacological methods has been emphasized in the recent years. These methods are used to decrease the duration of weaning from mechanical ventilation after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining the effect of family-centered care on the duration of weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing CABG. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted in Jamaran Heart Subspecialty hospital in Tehran in 2016. Initially, convenient sampling method and random allocation were used by quaternary blocks to allocate patients into 2 groups of experimental and control, with 35 participants in each group. In the intervention group, the patients’ family member chosen by the patient was entered into the ward during the weaning process. Patient’s entrance time to the ward to extubation time was considered as the duration of weaning from mechanical ventilation in the 2 groups. Results: Duration of weaning in the experimental group was 97 minutes less than the control group; in other words, the weaning duration of those in the control group was 1.4 times greater than those in the experimental group. This difference was statistically significant between the 2 groups (P = 0.05). Conclusions: Family-centered care reduced the duration of weaning from mechanical ventilator in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery, which can remarkably decrease complications due to ventilation with positive pressure in these patients.
Communication and the Perceived Involvement of Team Members during the ICU Morning Round

This descriptive study investigated team communication behaviours and perceptions of involvement in decision-making during the ICU round. A combination of self-report and observational measures were made during the review of patients. Observations focused (during each patient review) on i) the frequency of verbal communication behaviours made by junior team members (trainee doctors and nursing staff), ii) the frequency of information requests made by senior doctors, and iii) the frequency of explicit goal setting made by senior doctors. Furthermore, team members also recorded their perceived levels of involvement in the patient decision-making process. Data was collected on a sample of 37 ICU teams (44 participants), who assessed 105 ICU patients. The data indicated team member roles to influence observed behaviours and self-assessed perceptions of involvement during the patient decision-making process. Specifically, junior team members felt less involved in the patient decision-making process and were observed to contribute information to the patient discussion infrequently. The implications of the study are discussed.
LES ATTEINTES CARDIO-VASCULAIRES DANS LA MALADIE DE KAWASAKI. RESULTATS D'UNE ETUDE TUNISIENNE MULTICENTRIQUE

La maladie de Kawasaki constitue la premiere cause de cardiopathie acquise chez l'enfant dans les pays developpes. Le but de notre travail est de preciser les aspects epidemiologiques, cliniques et evolutifs de l'atteinte cardiovasculaire dans la maladie de Kawasaki et d'etayer ses eventuels facteurs de risque. Patients et methodes: Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective multicentrique menee sur 10 ans (1997-2006) qui a interesse 5 services hospitalo-universitaires en pediatrie au cours de laquelle 29 observations de maladie de Kawasaki reparties en 16 garcons et 13 filles âges entre 6 mois et 12 ans (âge moyen = 4 ans) sont colligees et analysees. Resultas: l'atteinte cardiovasculaire a ete notee dans 11 cas (37,93 pour cent). Il s'agit de myocardite dans 4 cas, de pericardite dans 1 cas et d'endocardite dans 1 cas ; l'atteinte coronarienne (6 cas) constitue 54,54 pour cent de l'atteinte cardiovasculaire et 20,68 pour cent de la totalite des malades. Le delai diagnostic moyen de l'atteinte coronaire = 24 jours (extremes: 7 a 90 jours). L'atteinte coronarienne n'etait pas correlee au score d'Asai. 5 patients sur 6 ont recu des veinoglobulines dont 3 avant le 10 eme jour d'evolution. L'evolution etait favorable dans les 4 cas avec anevrismes de moins de 8 mm. Les 2 patients ayant developpe des anevrismes geants et multiples, se sont compliques, dans 1 cas de thrombose avec ischemie myocardique et d'une stenose de l'interventriculaire gauche chez l'autre. Conclusion: l'atteinte cardiovasculaire dans la maladie de Kawasaki est dominee par l'atteinte coronaire anevrismale. Celle-ci conditionne le pronostic a court terme et rend compte des complications ulterieures.
Temporary axial rotation stabilization for lumbar disc herniation surgery with the ARO® spinal system: a prospective analysis of safety and clinical efficacy.

Background Decompressive surgery has a failure rate of between 25% and 32% based on patient reported improvement in clinical symptoms. Significant back pain is associated with 53% of failures of decompressive surgery, while also being associated with abnormal axial rotation motion. We report on the clinical performance of subjects receiving a novel axial rotation stabilization implant (ARO Spinal System, ARO Medical), while undergoing a surgical decompression for a herniated lumbar disc, a condition associated with low back pain and abnormal movement. Methods This Danish Medicines Agency and Ethics Committee approved clinical trial prospectively investigated the use of the ARO® Spinal System as part of lumbar discectomy surgery in 20 patients. All subjects had a single level posterolateral lumbar herniation with symptoms lasting more than 6 weeks. They underwent an open discectomy at the symptomatic level, and received the implant. Results No complications with the implant were observed. Four serious adverse events not related to the devices were reported, one subject had reoperation at 3 months. Leg pain median VAS score decreased from 70 to 2 at 1 year (P=0.01) back pain median VAS score from 48 to 6 (P=0.04). Satisfaction with surgery was 88%. Oswestry Disability Index scored likewise improvement going from 38 pre-operative to 5 at 1 year. Follow-up rate was excellent 100%. Conclusions Discectomy with the ARO Spinal System proves equally safe as a standard discectomy at 1 year follow-up. The subjects had significant improvements in both leg and back pain. In addition, they did better than historical controls, though not statistically so in this patient sample.
Domain Adaptation for Commitment Detection in Email

People often make commitments to perform future actions. Detecting commitments made in email (e.g., "I'll send the report by end of day'') enables digital assistants to help their users recall promises they have made and assist them in meeting those promises in a timely manner. In this paper, we show that commitments can be reliably extracted from emails when models are trained and evaluated on the same domain (corpus). However, their performance degrades when the evaluation domain differs. This illustrates the domain bias associated with email datasets and a need for more robust and generalizable models for commitment detection. To learn a domain-independent commitment model, we first characterize the differences between domains (email corpora) and then use this characterization to transfer knowledge between them. We investigate the performance of domain adaptation, namely transfer learning, at different granularities: feature-level adaptation and sample-level adaptation. We extend this further using a neural autoencoder trained to learn a domain-independent representation for training samples. We show that transfer learning can help remove domain bias to obtain models with less domain dependence. Overall, our results show that domain differences can have a significant negative impact on the quality of commitment detection models and that transfer learning has enormous potential to address this issue.