Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Higher Order LSTM Have Better Accuracy for Segmenting and Labeling Sequence Data?

Existing neural models usually predict the tag of the current token independent of the neighboring tags. The popular LSTM-CRF model considers the tag dependencies between every two consecutive tags. However, it is hard for existing neural models to take longer distance dependencies between tags into consideration. The scalability is mainly limited by the complex model structures and the cost of dynamic programming during training. In our work, we first design a new model called “high order LSTM” to predict multiple tags for the current token which contains not only the current tag but also the previous several tags. We call the number of tags in one prediction as “order”. Then we propose a new method called Multi-Order BiLSTM (MO-BiLSTM) which combines low order and high order LSTMs together. MO-BiLSTM keeps the scalability to high order models with a pruning technique. We evaluate MO-BiLSTM on all-phrase chunking and NER datasets. Experiment results show that MO-BiLSTM achieves the state-of-the-art result in chunking and highly competitive results in two NER datasets.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Endometrial Polyps: Frequency of Occurrence and Interobserver Reliability

Objective This study aimed to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and interobserver agreement of endometrial polyps. Methods After institutional review board approval, our database was searched for women older than 18 years who underwent MRI pelvis and pelvic surgical intervention from 2012 to 2016. Seventy-two patients with polyps and 75 controls composed the study cohort. Two radiologists evaluated the MRIs retrospectively for polyps. Polyp characteristics and enhancement were assessed. Results Sensitivity and specificity of readers 1 and 2 were 59.7% and 88.0%, and 44.4 and 96.0%, respectively. There was moderate agreement for presence of polyps (&kgr; = 0.556, P ⩽ 0001), T2 fibrous core, and intratumoral cysts, with slight agreement for T2 signal and enhancement. Polyp size moderately correlated with pathology (&kgr; = 0.465 [P = 0.025] for reader 1, &kgr; = 0.562 [P = 0.029] for reader 2). The most common enhancement was same as myometrium. Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging is moderately sensitive for detecting endometrial polyps, demonstrating features that are not sensitive but can be specific, with moderate interobserver agreement.
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE STRUKTURELLES VERHALTEN VON HOCHLEISTUNGSBETON COMPORTEMENT STRUCTURAL DU BETON A HAUTE PERFOR- MANCE

The effect of cement and lime on the shear parameters, as determined in the direct shear test, of a typical silt and a highly plastic clay are investigated. With cement the better results are achieved. The increase in stiffness and strength was noticeable with cement and lime. With cement the improvement of cohesion was very large. The results so far suggest that the size of the soil clumps resulting mixing can affect the shear parameters. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Es wurde der Einfluss von Zement und Weißfeinkalk auf die Scherparameter eines typischen Schluffes und eines ausgeprägt plastischen Tones mit direkten Scherversuchen untersucht. Mit beiden Bindemitteln wurde schon bei Dosierungen von 4 % (bezogen aus das Trockengewicht des Bodens) eine wesentliche Erhöhung der Festigkeit und Steifigkeit erzielt. Im Hinblick auf die Steigerung der Kohäsion war die Zugabe von Zement besonders effektiv. Einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Scherfestigkeit hatte die durch das Einmischen des Bindemittels erzeugte Kornstruktur des Bodens. RESUME L'influence du ciment et de la chaux sur les paramètres de cisaillement d'un limon typique et d'une argile fortement plastique a été déterminé par des essais de cisaillement directs. Avec les deux liants, une augmentation substantielle de la résistance et de la rigidité a été obtenue dès un dosage de 4 % (par rapport au poids sec du sol). En ce qui concerne l'augmentation de la cohésion, l'addition de ciment était particulièrement effective. La structure granulaire du sol résultant
Cross-modal Hallucination for Few-shot Fine-grained Recognition

State-of-the-art deep learning algorithms generally require large amounts of data for model training. Lack thereof can severely deteriorate the performance, particularly in scenarios with fine-grained boundaries between categories. To this end, we propose a multimodal approach that facilitates bridging the information gap by means of meaningful joint embeddings. Specifically, we present a benchmark that is multimodal during training (i.e. images and texts) and single-modal in testing time (i.e. images), with the associated task to utilize multimodal data in base classes (with many samples), to learn explicit visual classifiers for novel classes (with few samples). Next, we propose a framework built upon the idea of cross-modal data hallucination. In this regard, we introduce a discriminative text-conditional GAN for sample generation with a simple self-paced strategy for sample selection. We show the results of our proposed discriminative hallucinated method for 1-, 2-, and 5- shot learning on the CUB dataset, where the accuracy is improved by employing multimodal data.
Detecting the Population Structure and Scanning for Signatures of Selection in Horses (Equus caballus) From Whole-Genome Sequencing Data

Animal domestication gives rise to gradual changes at the genomic level through selection in populations. Selective sweeps have been traced in the genomes of many animal species, including humans, cattle, and dogs. However, little is known regarding positional candidate genes and genomic regions that exhibit signatures of selection in domestic horses. In addition, an understanding of the genetic processes underlying horse domestication, especially the origin of Chinese native populations, is still lacking. In our study, we generated whole genome sequences from 4 Chinese native horses and combined them with 48 publicly available full genome sequences, from which 15 341 213 high-quality unique single-nucleotide polymorphism variants were identified. Kazakh and Lichuan horses are 2 typical Asian native breeds that were formed in Kazakh or Northwest China and South China, respectively. We detected 1390 loss-of-function (LoF) variants in protein-coding genes, and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that some LoF-affected genes were overrepresented in GO terms related to the immune response. Bayesian clustering, distance analysis, and principal component analysis demonstrated that the population structure of these breeds largely reflected weak geographic patterns. Kazakh and Lichuan horses were assigned to the same lineage with other Asian native breeds, in agreement with previous studies on the genetic origin of Chinese domestic horses. We applied the composite likelihood ratio method to scan for genomic regions showing signals of recent selection in the horse genome. A total of 1052 genomic windows of 10 kB, corresponding to 933 distinct core regions, significantly exceeded neutral simulations. The GO enrichment analysis revealed that the genes under selective sweeps were overrepresented with GO terms, including “negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway,” “muscle contraction,” and “axon guidance. ” Frequent exercise training in domestic horses may have resulted in changes in the expression of genes related to metabolism, muscle structure, and the nervous system.
Cervical Cancer Cell Growth, Drug Resistance, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Are Suppressed by γ-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097

Background The Notch signaling pathway has been reported to play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the Notch signaling pathway regulates several cellular processes. The present study investigated the effect of the Notch signaling pathway on cell growth, invasiveness, and drug resistance, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), of cervical cancer cells. Material/Methods We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis to measure the expression level of Notch2. CCK-8, clonality, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to evaluate the effect of γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) RO4929097 on cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and Caski. To explore the role of the Notch signaling pathway in EMT, the epithelial and mesenchymal markers were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot after cervical cancer cell lines were treated with GSI RO4929097. Results The expression of Notch2 was found to increase in cervical cancer cell lines compared with the normal immortalized human cervical epithelial cells. GSI RO4929097 was confirmed to inhibit the Notch signaling pathway and impaired the proliferation, drug resistance, migration, and invasion abilities of cervical cancer cells. The protein expression levels of the mesenchymal biomarkers Snail, Twist, and neural cadherin (N-cadherin) decreased; however, the expression of the epithelial biomarker epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) increased in the cervical cancer cells treated with GSI RO4929097. Conclusions Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in the development and progression of cervical cancer. Blockade of the Notch pathway using GSI RO4929097 inhibited cell growth and reduced chemoresistance, invasion, metastasis, and EMT in cervical cancer cells.
A novel combinatorial treatment option for metastatic uveal melanoma

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most frequent intraocular tumor in adult patients. When metastases occur, systemic therapy with alkylating agents (fotemustine or dacarbazine (DTIC)) has shown only modest efficacy. The common chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) is not used to treat metastatic UM (mUM). To expand the chemotherapeutic arsenal for mUM, we tested the effect of DOX on UM cell mortality. We have previously shown that CREB knockdown enhances sensitivity to DOX. UM cells infected with recombinant MuLV-based replicative competent retroviruses (RCR) expressing shRNA targeting CREB were co-treated with either DTIC or DOX. We found that CREB knockdown increases the sensitivity of these cells to both DOX and DTIC in normoxia and more so in hypoxia as measured by cell survival and Caspase 3 activation. The ability to combine CREB knockdown by infection with the RCR recombinant virus which preferentially infects replicating tumor cells and chemotherapy to achieve the same amount of cell death in lower concentrations may result in fewer side effects of the drugs. This combination is a possible new treatment for mUM.
A randomized, single-blind, prospective trial of auricular 'battlefield' acupuncture for the reduction of postoperative tonsillectomy pain in adults.

AIM The purpose of this randomized, single-blind trial was to evaluate the efficacy of battlefield acupuncture in reducing postoperative pain and opioid consumption after adult tonsillectomy. METHODS Adult participants undergoing a tonsillectomy were randomized to either receive auricular 'battlefield' acupuncture or not. Groups were compared using the Wilcox rank sum test, Fisher's exact test and a generalized estimating equations model for post-discharge pain scores. RESULTS Statistically significant difference was not noted for morphine equivalent opioid use, nor was there any difference noted in the pain scores between the control group and treatment group. CONCLUSION Acupuncture is cheap, safe and effective in many settings. Peri-operative battlefield auricular acupuncture did not reduce postoperative pain or opioid consumption in this study.
The applicability of the adaptive wavelet analysis in flutter identification in aerospace structures

This paper examines the use of wavelet analysis in detecting flutter in aircraft structures such as airplane wings and control surfaces. Particularly in combat aircrafts, the designs are pushed to the limit to obtain the best performance from the aircraft. It is extremely important to detect the onset of flutter during any complicated maneuvers. The flutter is encountered when the fluid or air excites the structure by delivering energy to the structure instead of absorbing it, thus making the damping of the structure negative which results in excessively increasing vibrations. Use of wavelet analysis has shown good results in detecting the onset of instability in several ground-based structures, and the present study is an attempt to apply it in detecting flutter in aircraft wings. A continuous wavelet transform is used to analyze the vibration signatures from aircraft wings and representing it in both time and frequency representation. The mother wavelet is selected to be Debauches. Debauche's mother wavelet is recommended for applications with impulsive nature. The data are collected experimentally. The results show the applicability of wavelet analysis in identifying the flutter for this type of applications. The wavelet transform has shown a remarkable competency in identifying the flutter in the continuous aerospace structures.
A novel reversible synthesis of array multiplier

Quantum computation has seen immense progress which has popularised logic synthesis with the help of reversible circuits. A reversible circuit is implemented with multiple special types of quantum gates, known as k-CNOT gates. Ion trapping or nuclear magnetic resonance are newer technologies required to emulate quantum gates. This paper presents a reversible synthesis of array multipliers based on Booths Algorithm implemented with reversible k-CNOT gates. Our work has been simulated using the online quantum simulator davyw and its features have been compared with existing reversible array multipliers.
“I see it now”: Using photo elicitation to understand chronic illness self-management

Background. How people integrate self-management into daily life remains underexamined, and such processes are difficult to elicit through traditional approaches used to understand human occupation. Purpose. This paper will provide a brief overview of one visual research method, photo elicitation, that holds promise for studying self-management of health behaviours and will present findings from an analysis of how the use of photo elicitation interviews contributed additional insights into self-management beyond those generated from the data collected through the other methods used in the study. Method. A qualitative, multiple-methods, multiple-case study was conducted with a purposive sample of 10 low-income women ages 40 to 64 with type 2 diabetes. Findings. The photo elicitation interviews contributed insights beyond those generated from other study methods about how individuals viewed their self-management behaviours and how occupations changed across time. Implications. Photo elicitation is a valuable research method for better understanding clients’ chronic illness self-management practices. Description. Les processus par lesquels les gens intègrent l’autogestion dans leur vie quotidienne ont été peu étudiés; ces genres de processus sont difficiles à susciter à l’aide des approches utilisées traditionnellement pour comprendre l’occupation humaine. But. Cet article présentera un bref aperçu de la photo-interview, une méthode de recherche visuelle prometteuse pour l’étude de l’autogestion des comportements en matière de santé. L’article présente également les résultats d’une analyse de la façon dont l’usage de la photo-interview a permis d’obtenir des réflexions introspectives sur l’autogestion allant au-delà de celles provenant des données recueillies à partir des autres méthodes utilisées dans l’étude. Méthodologie. Une étude de cas multiple et qualitative à méthodes multiples a été menée à l’aide d’un échantillon choisi à dessein de 10 femmes ayant un faible revenu, âgées de 40 à 64 ans et atteintes de diabète de type 2. Résultats. Les entrevues menées à l’aide de la photo-interview ont permis de recueillir des réflexions introspectives au-delà de celles qui avaient été produites à l’aide des autres méthodes de recherche, en ce qui concerne la façon dont les individus percevaient leurs comportements d’autogestion et la façon dont les occupations changeaient au fil du temps. Conséquences. La photo-interview est une méthode de recherche utile pour mieux comprendre les pratiques d’autogestion des clients face à leurs maladies chroniques.
Simulation of extended radar objects on the basis of several signal channel mixing

The paper is concentrated on mathematical modeling of an emitted signal transformation to the signal which is similar to a real received signal. The hardware implementation of the simulation model for radar systems allows us to produce signals for checking of real radar systems. The most challenging problem is to develop real time simulator which allows us to obtain signals reflected from terrains of different types where parameters of signal are changeable. The material of this paper shows how this problem can be solved for radar altimeter with chirp frequency modulation. The methods, simulator scheme, and some model results are presented in this paper.
Effects of a peer- led group education on fear, anxiety and depression levels of patients undergoing coronary angiography.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of the peer group education on the fear, anxiety and depression levels of the patients undergoing angiography. METHODS In this clinical trial, 70 patients referred to Vali-E-Asr clinic of Fasa (Iran) for undergoing coronary angiography were selected by random sampling and divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group (n=35) received the necessary instructions about coronary angiography by those in a trained peer group (Two former patients, having experienced in the procedure), while in the control group (n=35) the routine instructions were presented by the department's nurses. The levels of fear, anxiety and depression of the patients were measured both before and after conducting this intervention. RESULTS The mean score of the patients' fear and anxiety after the intervention of the peers in the experimental group was reduced compared to that of the control group (p<0.05). But for the mean of the score of the depression test, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that utilizing the peer group education is effective for reducing the fear and anxiety of patients undergoing coronary angiography.
Maternal snuff use and cotinine in late pregnancy—A validation study

Oral moist snuff is widely used in Sweden including during pregnancy. Maternal snuff use has been associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in epidemiological studies. Self‐reported maternal snuff use has not been validated previously. The main objective of this study was to validate self‐reported snuff use in pregnancy in a prospective cohort study and in the Medical Birth Register.
159 Tbit/s C+L Band Transmission over 1045 km 3-Mode Graded-Index Few-Mode Fiber

We transmit 3 × 348 × 24.5 Gbaud PDM-16-QAM modulated C+L band channels with a total data-rate of over 159 Tbit/s over 1045 km graded-index three-mode fiber, resulting in a record throughput-distance product of more than 166 Pbit/s × km.
Development of frequency control performance evaluation criteria of BESS for ancillary service: A case study of frequency regulation by KEPCO

In order to evaluate system frequency regulation ability of BESS, we propose a system equivalent model that can reconstruct the system environment using frequency characteristics. This equivalent model is designed to reflect the relationship between the characteristics of various generator units and the system frequency, and each parameter is parameterized by the actual frequency and the demand power. For the validity of the model, the output power of model and the output power of optimal power flow was compared and verified. In the case study, we verified that we were able to evaluate contribution of Frequency Regulation BESS using the model in actual grid and mentioned various applications.
Multi-sensor-based fall detection and activity daily living classification by using ensemble learning

Falls are a serious problem that are often experienced by the elderly in performing activities in daily living. In recent years, the use of smartphone sensors in fall detection and activity daily living (ADL) classification has been studied to explore and understand human behaviours. In this paper, we investigate the role of the multi-sensors in fall detection and the ADL classification problem. We present ensemble learning-based approaches to improve recognition performance. We evaluate their roles on two body positions, which are the arm position and the waist position, while recognizing six ADL activities: standing, sitting, laying, walking, walking upstairs, and walking downstairs, and two different falls: falling after walking and falling after standing. From the experimental results, the ensemble learning-based approaches can improve the recognition performance for using only accelerometer data at the arm position with an accuracy of 94.8750 percent. Moreover, at the waist position, the ensemble approaches can improve the recognition performance for using both accelerometer data and gyroscope data with an accuracy of 100.00 percent.
The Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering

A Gaussian noise (GN) model, precisely accounting for an arbitrary frequency dependent signal power profile along the link, is presented. This allows accurate evaluation of the impact of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) on the optical Kerr nonlinearity. Additionally, the frequency dependent fiber attenuation can be taken into account and transmission systems that use hybrid amplification schemes can be modeled, where distributed Raman amplification is partly applied over the optical spectrum. For the latter two cases, a set of coupled ordinary differential equations must be numerically solved to obtain the signal power profile yielding a semianalytical model. However for lumped amplification and negligible variation in fiber attenuation, a less complex and fully analytical model is presented denoted as the analytical ISRS GN model. The derived model is exact to first-order for Gaussian modulated signals and extensively validated by numerical split-step simulations. A maximum deviation of only 0.1 dB in nonlinear interference power between simulations and the ISRS GN model is reported. The model is applied to a transmission system that occupies the entire C + L band (10 THz optical bandwidth). At optimum launch power, changes of up to 2 dB in nonlinear interference power due to ISRS are reported. The ISRS GN model is quantitatively compared with other models published in the literature and found to be significantly more accurate.
Resilient distributed generation dispatch in multi-microgrid systems

The concept of microgrid (MG) has been one of the recent developments in power systems and an extension of this concept is the collaboration of multiple microgrids or commonly called as Multi-Microgrid Systems (MMGS). The idea of MMGS is to improve the reliability of power systems by the cooperation of microgrids. This paper presents a fully distributed hierarchical control of MMGS composed of two control levels - MMG Level and MG level. An improved model of the consensus- based distributed Optimal Power Flow model is also presented by integrating resilience to communication failure. The model is composed of a primary control that seeks the least cost operating conditions using the estimates of missing information, and a secondary control that ensures energy balance in the system. The proposed model was tested in various experiments to show that energy balance was achieved even at the presence of communication failures in the system.