Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Identification of Bacterial Quality in liquid Soap between Nasser and European Gaza Hospitals, Khanyounis Governorate

Background: Liquid soap used in hospitals dispensers can become contaminated bacteria. Many factors have an effect on the contamination of these dispensers. This study aimed to investigate the bacterial contamination in liquid soaps at hospital environment in Khanyounis Governorate. Methods: A total of 82 liquid soap samples (50.0% them from Nasser hospital and 50.0% from European Gaza Hospital) were collected in sterile cups from the same departments of both hospitals. After that, the cups were transported within one hour of collection to the microbiology laboratory. Bacteriological identification was performed. Collected data, and bacteriological identification results were analyzed by SPSS version 18. Results: In Nasser hospital, only one sample were found colonized by staph aureus, and two samples were found colonized by other staph, While, In European Gaza Hospital, 12 samples were colonized by staph aureus, and 13 samples were colonized by other staph. Open dispenser systems and washing of dispensers with water were directly proportional with bacterial growth in liquid soap among study hospitals environments (p-value = 0.033 & 0.000 respectively). In European Gaza Hospital, the departments with the largest number of contaminated soap samples were the pediatric department (n=6), surgery men department (n=4), surgery women department (n=4), Intimal women department (n=4). Conclusions: The contamination of liquid soap in European Gaza Hospital is attributed to high number of open dispenser systems (27 dispensers) that was observed in its departments, in addition to using of water instead of chlorine bleach for washing the dispensers before putting the new liquid soap.
Dynamometry for the Assessment of Grip, Pinch, and Trunk Strength in Subjects with Chronic Stroke: Reliability and Various Sources of Outcome Values

Background: Muscular weakness, commonly observed in individuals with stroke, is usually assessed with portable dynamometers. However, no studies were found which investigated the reliability of the dynamometry for the assessment of grip, pinch, and trunk strength in subjects with chronic stroke, nor which evaluated the best source of outcome values. Objectives: To investigate the test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities of the portable dynamometer for the assessment of grip, pinch, and trunk strength in subjects with chronic stroke and to verify whether the use of various sources of outcomes (first trial, the means of two and three trials) affected the obtained values, as well as their reliabilities. Methods: A methodological study with 47 (58.67 ± 14.79 years) and 38 (57.05 ± 16.23 years) subjects with chronic stroke was carried out to investigate test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities, respectively. Grip and pinch (pulp-to-pulp, palmar, and lateral) strength were bilaterally assessed, as well as the strength of the trunk flexors/extensors, lateral flexors, and rotators, with portable dynamometry by two independent examiners over two sessions, 1-4 weeks apart. One-way ANOVAs were employed to compare the values between the various sources of outcome values. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to investigate the test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities for all sources of outcome values (α=0.05). Results: For all muscular groups, similar results were found for all sources of outcome values (0.01
Factors associated with poor food safety compliance among street food vendors in the Techiman Municipality of Ghana

This study assessed various factors associated with poor compliance of street food vendors to safety measures in the Techiman Municipality with emphasis on the World Health Organization’s five keys to safer food policy. Two sets of questionnaires were designed to collect data from 150 respondents (140 food vendors and 10 officials of the Environmental Health and Sanitation Agency) in the Techiman Municipality. Data was collected based on the level of awareness, food hygiene/handling practices and effectiveness of regulatory bodies in the Techiman municipality. Overall, awareness of food hygiene was high (91.4%) and depended on vendor’s educational level (Chi-square = 7.810, P<0.05). The ability to maintain a clean food preparation area was generally poor. Most food vending sites (68%) were dirty and most respondents disposed of their waste in polythene bags (56.4%). Only a few food vendors washed their hands after scratching themselves (32%) or handling money (22%). Separation between raw materials from cooked food was also poor. Overall, 25% of the vendors always stored raw and cooked food separately, 29% stored them separately sometimes, while 47% did not. Food was however kept at safe at temperature 82%. The hygiene and safety of raw materials used in cooking was in doubt. Most food vendors (69%) considered price important and purchased cheap raw materials. Finally, the effectiveness of regulatory bodies was generally fair (50%). This might be a result of some challenges faced by regulatory bodies in terms of logistics and resources (90%) and also lack of cooperation from food vendors (10%). The study concluded that there is high awareness of food safety among food vendors in the Techiman municipality. Yet food hygiene and handling practices are poor. This might be due to challenges faced by food vendors in terms of finances (65.7%) and pressure from consumers (34.3%). There is also poor regulation by regulatory bodies which might also be due to a lack of logistics and resources (90%). Current regulations in the municipality regarding general food hygiene practices should be reviewed and strengthened to focus on a risk based approach. Key words: Compliance, food safety, food vendors, food hygiene.
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING POLICY ON BOND RATING TO FINANCIAL COMPANIES LISTED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

The objective of the empirical study is to examine the effect of leverage, liquidity, profitability and accounting policies on bond rating. The sample of this empirical study is financial companies that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2012-2016. The results of this empirical study shows that leverage affects negatively on bonds rating. While, liquidity, profitability, and accounting policy affect positively on bonds rating.
The response of glass window systems to blast loadings: An overview

The failure of glass windows in terrorist bombing attacks and accidental explosion incidents has been cited as one of the major causes to the vast casualties. Many studies have been carried out to investigate the response and vulnerability of glass windows against blast loadings. These include laboratory and field tests that have been carried out to experimentally study glass window performance under explosion scenarios and development of analytical and numerical models to analyze and predict glass window responses. This article reviews literatures on the studies of the response of glass window systems to blast loadings. Over 100 papers and documents that are available in the open literature are reviewed. The background and history of the studies on the topic are also briefed. Understandings about the dynamic material properties of glass and available material models are summarized. Popularly used analysis methods and design standards for monolithic and laminated glass windows are outlined, and their accuracies are discussed. Recent studies including analytical solution, numerical simulation, and experimental investigations on glass window systems are summarized. Mitigation measures for blast-resistant windows are also briefly discussed.
Genetic Analysis on Some Agro-morphological Characters of Hybrid Progenies from Cultivated Paddy Rice and Local Upland Rice

Six progenies F2 plants deriving from crossbreeding of cultivated rice 33/Wagamba were planted. The objectives of the experiment were to study the morphology and agronomic characters of F2 plants, and to study the heritability, genetic and phenotype variances of F2 progenies resulting from rice crossbreeding. The results showed that there were high variations in the growth of local upland rice
Effective bilinear-biquadratic model for noncoplanar ordering in itinerant magnets

Noncollinear and noncoplanar magnetic textures including Skyrmions and vortices act as emergent electromagnetic fields and give rise to novel electronic and transport properties. We here report a unified understanding of noncoplanar magnetic orderings emergent from the spin-charge coupling in itinerant magnets. The mechanism has its roots in effective multiple spin interactions beyond the conventional Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) mechanism, which are ubiquitously generated in itinerant electron systems with local magnetic moments. By carefully examining the higher-order perturbations in terms of the spin-charge coupling, we construct a minimal effective spin model composed of the bilinear and biquadratic interactions with particular wave numbers dictated by the Fermi surface. Taking two-dimensional systems as examples, we find that our effective model captures the underlying physics of the instability toward noncoplanar multiple-$Q$ states discovered recently: a single-$Q$ helical state expected from the RKKY theory is replaced by a double-$Q$ vortex crystal with chirality density waves even for an infinitely small spin-charge coupling on generic lattices [R. Ozawa et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 85, 103703 (2016)], and a triple-$Q$ Skyrmion crystal with a high topological number of two appears while increasing the spin-charge coupling on a triangular lattice [R. Ozawa, S. Hayami, and Y. Motome, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 147205 (2017)]. We find that by introducing an external magnetic field, our effective model exhibits a plethora of multiple-$Q$ states. Our effective model will serve as a guide for exploring further exotic magnetic orderings in itinerant magnets, not only in two dimensions but also in three dimensions.
On nonnegative entire solutions of second-order semilinear elliptic systems

We consider the second-order semilinear elliptic system ui = Pi(x)u i i+1 in R N , i = 1,2,. ,m with nonnegative continuous functions Pi. We establish nonexistence criteria of nonnegative nontrivial entire solutions for this system. We also proved a Liouville type theorem for nonnegative entire solutions.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) AND ITS PREDATOR ZETZELLIA MALI (ACARI: STIGMAEIDAE) IN APPLE ORCHARDS OF ZANJAN, IRAN

Study of the spatial distribution of a pest and its natural enemies provides better decision tool for integrated pest management. The spatial distribution and seasonal activity of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) and its predator Zetzellia mali (Ewing) were studied in an apple orchard in Khoramdareh (Zanjan Province, Iran) during 2007. The interaction (density dependence) between the prey and its predator was determined. For P. ulmi RV (relative variation) and reliable sample size were calculated with 25 percent variation from primary sampling at 18.8% and 59 leaves, respectively. The distribution pattern of both species was analyzed using nine statistical formulae: Taylor’s power law, Iwao’s patchiness regression, index of dispersion, Morisita’s coefficient of dispersion, Lloyd’s mean crowding, David and Moore's index, Cole's index of dispersion, Green's index and coefficient of 'K' (coefficient of aggregation). The results indicated that the highest population density of P. ulmi and Z. mali were on 11 August (23.92 per leaf) and 11 September (8.2 per leaf), respectively. The slopes of Taylor's power law and Iwao's patchiness regression methods were 1.82 and 2.18 for prey and 1.39 and 1.92 for predator, respectively. These slopes had significant difference from one, indicating aggregated spatial distribution in prey and predator. The index of dispersion (ID) showed that the spatial distribution of P. ulmi in apple orchards was aggregated but it showed random distribution for Z. mali . The Morisita’s coefficient, Lloyd’s mean crowding and Green's index showed an aggregated distribution for both species. The regressions between population densities of P. ulmi and Z. mali indicated a density independent reaction of predator to the prey. The effect of temperature and humidity on the prey and predator populations was estimated. Spatial distribution parameters of the prey and predator can be used in integrated pest management programs.
The Impact of Innovation Support Programmes on SME Innovation in Traditional Manufacturing Industries: An Evaluation for Seven EU Regions

This study investigates the impact of innovation support programmes on SME innovation in traditional manufacturing industries in seven EU regions. Recent literature identifying sources of potential government failure in innovation policy suggests that the effects of public support measures to increase private innovation may be disappointing. Our results are consistent with this hypothesis, yet also suggest a direction for policy reform to overcome government failure and, thereby, to increase the potential additionality of innovation support programmes. Innovation support programmes in the EU typically adopt a "cream skimming" selection strategy: namely, programme managers systematically select firms on the basis of observable characteristics conducive to innovation. The econometric analysis of a new survey database reported in this paper suggests that "cream skimming" leads to firms being selected for programme participation that benefit less than would randomly selected firms. The policy corollary is that, subject to due diligence checking, allocation of innovation support by lottery should give rise to greater programme additionality than does the prevalent "cream skimming" approach. We conclude with some practical guidelines for allocation by lottery, which were developed for a recently launched innovation support programme for SMEs.
Effects of club size in the provision of public goods. Network and congestion effects in the case of the French municipalities

Abstract. The article formalizes and measures the impact of club size on the quality of the public good provided to its members. Under a general framework we describe various functional forms that allow either network or crowding effects. Mechanisms of provision are that of a political process in which both the demand and the supply sides are considered. Estimations use the whole set of French municipalities. The supply model performs better than the demand model in the case of small municipalities, while for large cities the demand model has higher explanatory power. In so far as impact of city size on the quality of club goods is concerned, crowding does appear, but it does so in different patterns. For small towns marginal congestion first decreases then increases with population. Marginal congestion is decreasing for cities of intermediate size. For larger cities no significant effects are observed.
DISCOVERY OF A PAIR OF CLASSICAL CEPHEIDS IN AN INVISIBLE CLUSTER BEYOND THE GALACTIC BULGE

We report the discovery of a pair of extremely reddened classical Cepheid variable stars located in the Galactic plane behind the bulge, using near-infrared (NIR) time-series photometry from the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea Survey. This is the first time that such objects have ever been found in the opposite side of the Galactic plane. The Cepheids have almost identical periods, apparent brightnesses, and colors. From the NIR Leavitt law, we determine their distances with ∼ 1.5 % ? > precision and ∼ 8 % ? > accuracy. We find that they have a same total extinction of A ( V ) ≃ 32 ? > mag, and are located at the same heliocentric distance of ⟨ d ⟩ = 11.4 ± 0.9 ? > kpc, and less than 1 pc from the true Galactic plane. Their similar periods indicate that the Cepheids are also coeval, with an age of ∼ 48 ± 3 ? > Myr, according to theoretical models. They are separated by an angular distance of only 18. ″3, corresponding to a projected separation of ∼1 pc. Their position coincides with the expected location of the Far 3 kpc Arm behind the bulge. Such a tight pair of similar classical Cepheids indicates the presence of an underlying young open cluster that is both hidden behind heavy extinction and disguised by the dense stellar field of the bulge. All our attempts to directly detect this “invisible cluster” have failed, and deeper observations are needed.
VIBRATIONAL SCALING FACTORS FOR Rh(I) CARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS

Metal carbonyl complexes are an important family of catalysts in homogeneous industrial processes. Their characteristic vibrational frequencies allow in situ tracking of catalytic progress. Structural assignment of intermedi-ates is often hampered by the lack of appropriate reference compounds. The calculation of carbonyl vibrational fre-quencies from first principles provides an alternative tool to identify such reactive intermediates. Scaling factors for computed vibrational carbonyl stretching frequencies were derived from a training set of 45 Rh-carbonyl complexes using the BP86 and B3LYP functionals. The systematic scaling of the computed C=O frequencies yields accurate calculation and assignment of the experimentally obtained 𝜈(CO) values. The vibrational scaling factors can be used to identify reaction intermediates of the industrially relevant Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation reaction. The absolute error between calculated and experimental spectra was significantly reduced and the experimental spectra were as-signed successfully.
Increasing homework compliance by using the guiding model for practice : an analogue study : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Arts at Massey University, Albany

Homework assignments are considered a fundamental component of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and are believed to be significant in assisting to produce and maintain treatment gains. However, gaining clients compliance to homework tasks remains a significant challenge. An analogue study of a single session relaxation intervention was conducted to test the guiding model for practice (Kazantzis, MacEwan & Dattilio, 2005); designed to provide therapists with a step-by-step guide of how to systematically administer homework in therapy. Forty four participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. The systematic condition (n = 21) was designed to administer homework following the guiding model , while the non-systematic condition (n = 23) followed standard therapy practice. Hypotheses posited that participants in the systematic group would display greater levels of engagement in homework; would have more positive beliefs in completing the homework; that greater adherence to the homework would correlate positively with reductions in anxiety; and that the systematic group would show a greater reduction in anxiety. In relation to engagement in homework the results found a statistically significant difference in the mean ranks of homework compliance between the two groups. The Mann-Whitney U result was 182 (z = -1.48) with an associated probability of . 14, showing that participants in the systematic group did have higher levels of homework compliance. A MANOV A calculation was used to assess the systematic group for more positive beliefs in completing homework. The results found significant differences in two of the four Homework Rating Scale II (HRS) subscales; behaviour: F(l , 42) = 1.83, p = . 184, partial eta squared= . 042; and consequences/synthesis : F(l , 42) = 2.93, p = . 094, partial eta squared= . 065. The other two subscales of the HRS; beliefs and situation, were not administered differently between groups, providing further support for the difference of homework administration. Partial support was found for correlations between homework practice and anxiety. While three of the four correlations were significant, it was found that state anxiety actually increased as practice increased, however, trait anxiety was found to reduce as homework levels increased. No significant group differences were found in anxiety reduction. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Subsistence strategies of the Chalcolithic people of West Bengal: an appraisal

This paper compares four Chalcolithic sites in West Bengal with respect to their patterns of animal and plant exploitation. It is suggested that reliance on domesticated animals was more important for those communities that were located in semi-arid regions of dry farming, as opposed to the more agriculturally based communities on the alluvial soils. Bharatpur and Mahisdal were both located on laterite soils, whereas Pandurajardhibi and Mangalkot were located on alluvial soils.
A Review of Intergenerational Mobility and its Drivers

This report reviews evidence on intergenerational mobility and the transmission of socio-economic advantages from parents to children. The review examines conceptual questions on how to measure intergenerational mobility, empirical evidence on both descriptive and causal questions, and the data requirements that mobility research faces. The extent of income mobility varies substantially between countries, and appears negatively correlated with income inequality both across and within countries. For this reason, there is particular interest on mobility trends over time in those countries where income inequality has recently been increasing. However, the evidence for mobility trends in more recent cohorts is as yet less conclusive. Descriptive associations can only be suggestive of causal links, and the report also reviews evidence from more targeted research designs on the importance of (i) neighbourhoods and schools, (ii) early childhood and childcare, (iii) educational systems and track choice, (iv) private and public education, and (v) informational frictions and beliefs. The evidence demonstrates that educational policies can affect intergenerational mobility. An important trend in these and other literatures is the increasing use of administrative data sources, such as social security or tax data. The review discusses important hurdles in their adoption for mobility research, and points to data initiatives that could improve our understanding of intergenerational processes in the future.
The indigenous crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes complex in a national park of Central Italy

The indigenous crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes complex has been recently defined by IUCN as an endangered species but our knowledge about its status in Italy is still provisional. An assessment of the most suitable environments for its survival is crucial to preserve the species and to develop appropriate conservation protocols for its management. To this end, during 2008 and 2009, we analyzed eight watercourses in a protected area of Central Italy for A. pallipes ’ presence and for a number of environmental characteristics. Crayfish were found in four out of the eight analyzed watercourses: only one of three old reports was confirmed, while the species has disappeared from the other two. All the streams are characterized by good quality of both water and soil. The differences found for basin and riparian descriptors, canopy cover, shelters and substrate composition were independent of the crayfish presence. Non-indigenous crayfish populations were not recorded in the study area. Among the several causes of crayfish disappearance, overexploitation through illegal fishing, introduction of fish predators and drought seem to be the more likely. These threats should be urgently faced to guarantee the survival of the indigenous crayfish.