Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The dynamic nature of HRM implementation: a structuration perspective

Abstract Over the past decades, scholars have dedicated substantial attention to the process of HRM implementation. Most progress has been made with debates on HRM system strength, roles of organisational actors in HRM implementation, and intended, actual and perceived HRM. In this paper, we challenge the current view on HRM implementation as being too static and one-directional. By building on structuration theory, we show that the process of HRM implementation is less straightforward than has been previously assumed. After their initial introduction, HRM practices evolve through turbulent developments. Furthermore, instead of neatly distributed roles following meticulously scheduled planning, HRM practices are influenced by various organisational actors. For successful implementation, HRM practices need to become inscribed into the interpretive schemes of organisational actors, resources have to be distributed, the HRM practice has to gain legitimacy. We develop a comprehensive framework that assists in understanding the process of HRM implementation.
Treatment of keratosis pilaris atrophicans with the pulsed tunable dye laser

BACKGROUND : Few therapies are currently available to treat keratosis pilaris atrophicans (KPA), a spectrum of disorders which includes ulerythema ophryogenes and atrophoderma vermiculata. OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the response of KPA to treatment with the pulsed dye laser (PDL) with regard to improvements in erythema and skin roughness, treatment tolerability, and side effects. METHODS : Treatment of all facial areas involved with KPA with the PDL at 585 nm was evaluated in 12 patients. Prior to and after each treatment skin erythema was estimated using an erythema meter, and skin roughness was analysed using micrometer evaluation of a skin surface biopsy taken from the same mapped area and anaysed by computer to calculate the roughness profile. RESULTS : Patients received 2 to 8 treatments with the PDL with energies ranging from 6.0 to 7.5 J/cm 2 . Clinical improvement was noted in all patients with significant reduction in erythema scores. Pre-treatment scores ranged from 4 to 13 (mean 8.3) and post-treatment 0 to 8 (mean 3.1) ( P < 0.05). Improvements in skin roughness were clinically apparent in all but two patients, but these were not significant on evaluation of skin surface biopsies. Treatment was generally well tolerated, and side effects other than local pain during treatment were very few. CONCLUSION : PDL treatment appears to be a safe and effective treatment for the erythema associated with KPA but does not give significant improvement in associated skin roughness.
The Timeline Estimation of Bubbles: The Case of Real Estate

We develop and then apply a new recursive regression methodology with a two‐direction searching process for initialization. The methodology improves the reliability of existing models when estimating a bubble's timeline. We apply our proposed methodology to estimate bubbles in U.S. home prices as well as in simulated scenarios. Our results confirm the improvement in reliability of the proposed methodology in obtaining consistent estimators with varying samples. Moreover, we verify the presence of bubbles in the U.S. aggregate data and seven of the eight cities in our study prior to the subprime crisis and find evidence of the bubble's reemergence since October 2013.
Relationship Between Off-Ice Testing Variables and On-Ice Speed in Women's Collegiate Synchronized Figure Skaters: Implications for Training

Bower, ME, Kraemer, WJ, Potteiger, JA, Volek, JS, Hatfield, DA, Vingren, JL, Spiering, BA, Fragala, MS, Ho, JY, Thomas, GA, Earp, JE, Häkkinen, K, and Maresh, CM. Relationship between off-ice testing variables and on-ice speed in women's collegiate synchronized figure skaters: implications for traning. J Strength Cond Res 24(3): 831-839, 2010-The purpose of the current investigation was to identify any existing relationships between off-ice performance measures and on-ice performance quantified by speed and acceleration. Twenty-seven women (age 19 ± 1 year; body mass (59.5 ± 6.8 kg; height 164.6 ± 6.35 cm; body fat 23.2 ± 3.9%) who were collegiate synchronized figure skaters volunteered for the investigation. To examine the relationship between off-ice performance and on-ice speed and acceleration, collegiate synchronized skaters were evaluated on various performance tests over a 1-week period. Off-ice tests completed were peak torque for hip abduction and adduction, 40-yard sprint, vertical jump height, 30-second slide board stride count, and a 1-RM (repetition maximum) squat. On-ice tests included a timed single lap sprint, 4.5-minute (duration of long program) lap count, and an approximately 16.5-m (18-yard blue line to blue line) timed acceleration. Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. This study showed 3 primary findings: (a) slide board stride count was the single best predictor for both single lap on-ice speed and acceleration accounting for 53.5% (adjusted R2 value) of the variance in the single lap test and 42.5% (adjusted R2 value) of the variance in acceleration times; (b) vertical jump height test was the second best predictor for both the single lap test and on-ice acceleration accounting for 36.6% and 39.9% (adjusted R2 values) of the variance in times recorded, respectively; and (c) the best combined predictors for the single lap speed test were slide board stride count and 40-yard dash (R2 = 0.675), whereas the best combined predictors for on-ice acceleration were slide board stride count and vertical jump height test (R2 = 0.571). Conditioning for synchronized skaters to enhance performance of on-the-ice speed and acceleration should include slide board training implementation of plyometric and linear speed training while developing and maintaining 1-RM strength to support power capabilities.
Interest Rates, Local Housing Markets and House Price Over‐Reactions

Understanding the effects of interest rates on city‐specific house price to household income ratios is important for managing local housing markets. In particular, there is concern that keeping interest rates at sufficiently low levels can distort the relationship between local house prices and fundamentals. We use house price to income ratios across capital cities in Australia to investigate this issue and show that there is a national interest rate ‘transition’ point below which housing dynamics can become unstable. This result lends support to the presence of a duration‐dependent threshold effect (hitherto mainly explored in theoretical models). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities associated with induced extrahepatic bile duct obstruction in the cat.

Bile duct obstruction was induced in 6 cats by surgical ligation and transection of the common bile duct. Clinical and laboratory changes were monitored weekly for 25 to 54 days. Clinical signs of obstruction were similar in all cats and included anorexia, pyrexia, lethargy, intermittent vomiting, weight loss, palpable gallbladder, hepatomegaly, and bleeding tendencies. Tissue jaundice and acholic feces were evident grossly as early as postsurgical day (PSD) 4 with a mean onset of jaundice at PSD 5.3 +/- 0.4. Hematologic changes were initially characterized by a mild neutrophilic leukocytosis that increased with the chronicity of bile duct obstruction. Regenerative anemia developed in 4 cats associated with gastrointestinal blood loss. Acute serum biochemical changes were characterized by a marked increase in the mean values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, and copper. Comparatively, only moderate increases in mean serum alkaline phosphatase activity were observed. Mean total bilirubin values increased remarkably at postsurgical week (PSW) 1, reaching a maximal value of 23.1 +/- 4.4 mg/dl at PSW 3 with 71.6 +/- 2.7% direct bilirubin. With chronicity of bile duct obstruction ranging from PSW 3 to PSW 7, the mean serum values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, serum alkaline phosphatase, and total and direct bilirubin stabilized and then declined, whereas the increased mean serum copper values persisted. At PSD 25 to 54, hepatic copper values and serum bile acids were markedly increased. Seemingly, clinicopathologic changes of induced cholestatic hepatic injury depended largely on the duration of biliary obstruction. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Friedreich ataxia

Friedreich ataxia is an autosomal recessive degenerative disease that primarily affects the nervous system and the heart. It is named after its original description as a "degenerative atrophy of the posterior columns of the spinal cord" by Nicholaus Friedreich, who was a professor of medicine in Heidelberg in the second half of the 19th century. The full extent of the Friedreich ataxia phenotype and its genetic epidemiology could only be appreciated after a direct genetic test became available in 1996. At the same time, the complex pathogenesis of Friedreich ataxia started to be unraveled. Herein, I review our current knowledge of the disease and how it is contributing to the development of therapeutic approaches.
Obesity impairs general health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) in premenopausal women to a greater extent than polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Objective Obesity is frequently associated with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and both conditions may impact on the health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) of affected patients. We aimed to estimate the relative impact of obesity and PCOS on the general HR‐QoL of premenopausal women.
Galectin‐3 regulates inflammasome activation in cholestatic liver injury

Macrophage activation is an important feature of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) pathogenesis and other cholestatic liver diseases. Galectin‐3 (Gal3), a pleiotropic lectin, is produced by monocytic cells and macrophages. However, its role in PBC has not been addressed. We hypothesized that Gal3 is a key to induce NOD‐like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in macrophages and in turn to propagate proinflammatory IL‐17 signaling. In liver tissues from patients with PBC and dnTGF‐βRII mice, a model of autoimmune cholangitis, the expression of Gal3, NLRP3, and the adaptor protein adaptor apoptosis‐associated speck like protein was induced, with the downs tream activation of caspase‐1 and IL‐1β. Inwild‐typehepaticmacrophages, deoxycholic acid induced the association of Gal3 and NLRP3with direct activation of the inflammasome, resulting in an increase in IL‐1β. Downstreamretinoid‐related orphan receptor CmRNA, IL‐17A, and IL‐17Fwere induced. In Gal3‐/‐ macrophages, no inflammasome activation was detected. To confirm the key role of Gal3 in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury, we generated dnTGF‐βRII/galectin‐3‐/ (dn/Gal3‐/) mice, which showed impaired inflammasome activation alongwith significantly improved inflammation and fibrosis. Taken together, our data point to a novel role of Gal3 as an initiator of inflammatory signaling in autoimmune cholangitis, mediating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and inducing IL‐17 proinflammatory cascades. These studies provide a rationale to target Gal3 in autoimmune cholangitis and potentially other cholestatic diseases. —Tian, J., Yang, G. , Chen, H. ‐Y. , Hsu, D. K. , Tomilov, A. , Olson, K.A. , Dehnad, A. , Fish, S. R. , Cortopassi, G. ,Zhao, B. , Liu, F. ‐T. , Gershwin, M.E. , Török, N. J., Jiang, J. X. Galectin‐3 regulates inflammasome activation in cholestatic liver injury. FASEB J. 30, 4202–4213 (2016). www.fasebj. org
An ethnographic study exploring the role of ward-based Advanced Nurse Practitioners in an acute medical setting.

AIM This article is a report of a study that aimed to examine the role of ward-based Advanced Nurse Practitioners and their impact on patient care and nursing practice. BACKGROUND Revised doctor/nurse skill mix combined with a focus on improving quality of care while reducing costs has had an impact on healthcare delivery in the western world. Diverse advanced nursing practice roles have developed and their function has varied globally over the last decade. However, roles and expectations for ward-based Advanced Nurse Practitioners lack clarity, which may hinder effective contribution to practice. DESIGN An ethnographic approach was used to explore the advanced nurse practitioner role. METHODS Participant observation and interviews of five ward-based Advanced Nurse Practitioners working in a large teaching hospital in the North West of England during 2009 were complemented by formal and informal interviews with staff and patients. Data were descriptive and broken down into themes, patterns and processes to enable interpretation and explanation. RESULTS The overarching concept that ran through data analysis was that of Advanced Nurse Practitioners as a lynchpin, using their considerable expertise, networks and insider knowledge of health care not only to facilitate patient care but to develop a pivotal role facilitating nursing and medical practice. Sub-themes included enhancing communication and practice, acting as a role model, facilitating the patients' journey and pioneering the role. CONCLUSION Ward-based Advanced Nurse Practitioners are pivotal and necessary for providing quality holistic patient care and their role can be defined as more than junior doctor substitutes.
Retrospective multicentre study of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in 115 horses.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an emerging veterinary and zoonotic pathogen, associated with increasing reports of disease in horses. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of the characteristics of clinical MRSA infections in horses. METHODS A retrospective case study was performed on 115 horses admitted to 6 participating veterinary teaching hospitals in Canada and the United States between 2000 and 2006, and diagnosed with clinical MRSA infection. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariable analyses for community- (CA) vs. hospital-associated (HA) MRSA infections, and survival vs. nonsurvival at discharge were performed. RESULTS The age range of MRSA-infected horses was zero (born in hospital) to 31 years. HA (58/114, 50.9%) and CA infections (56/114, 49.1%) were equally common. Infection of surgical incisions was most frequently reported (44/115, 38.0%). Overall 93/111 (83.8%) cases survived to discharge. Previous hospitalisation and treatment with gentamicin were associated significantly with CA-MRSA, whereas infected incision sites were associated significantly with HA-MRSA. Factors significantly associated with nonsurvival included i.v. catheterisation, CA-MRSA infection and dissemination of infection to other body sites. CONCLUSIONS Equine MRSA infections have a broad range of clinical presentations, appear to be primarily opportunistic and the overall prognosis for survival to discharge is good. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE These results should help direct future research with regard to investigation of risk factors for equine MRSA infection in community and hospital populations.
A role for maternal serum screening in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts: a prospective multicentre study

A prospective multicentre study was performed to identify patients with fetal choroid plexus cysts and examine the association between choroid plexus cysts and chromosome abnormalities in the context of variables such as maternal age, serum triple‐screen results, race, other prenatally‐identified fetal anomalies and cyst characteristics. A total of 18 437 scans were performed in 5 centres and 257 fetuses were identified with choroid plexus cysts. Outcome was available on 250 patients, and of these, chromosomal abnormalities were detected in a total of 13 (5.2 per cent) fetuses. 26 patients in the group had additional ultrasound abnormalities, and 8 of these had fetal chromosome abnormalities. Among the 224 patients with isolated choroid plexus cysts, 5 (2.2 per cent) were found to have chromosomal abnormalities. All cases with identified chromosomal abnormalities were associated with an additional risk factor, such as other ultrasound findings, advanced maternal age or abnormal maternal serum triple‐screen results. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thygeson Superficial Punctate Keratitis and Scarring

Purpose: Thygeson superficial punctate keratitis (TSPK), a chronic, inflammatory disease, has traditionally been taught to resolve spontaneously and without scarring. We present 4 cases with TSPK who developed sight-altering scarring after a prolonged disease course. Methods: Retrospective chart review of cases seen at the Proctor Medical Group. Results: Patients age ranged from 31 to 68 years. All patients were male and had been symptomatic from 2 to 53 years. Follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 35 years. All 3 patients developed significant corneal scarring. Case 1 had bilateral corneal thickening and a Salzmann nodule with vascularization. Case 2 had bilateral stromal opacification. Case 3 developed corneal scarring to the point of needing an anterior lamellar corneal transplant. Pathological evaluation of this tissue showed disruption of the Bowman layer with band keratopathy, thickening of the basement membrane, and subepithelial fibrosis. The diagnosis of TSPK in these cases was never in doubt, 2 of the cases having been diagnosed by Dr Thygeson. Conclusions: Prolonged corneal inflammation associated with TSPK can cause visually significant scarring of the anterior corneal stroma. In those patients with chronic disease, the use of a topical corticosteroid may be needed not just for comfort but to reduce the risk of corneal scarring.
Development of a risk index for the prediction of chronic post‐surgical pain

The incidence of chronic post‐surgical pain (CPSP) after various common operations is 10% to 50%. Identification of patients at risk of developing chronic pain, and the management and prevention of CPSP remains inadequate. The aim of this study was to develop an easily applicable risk index for the detection of high‐risk patients that takes into account the multifactorial aetiology of CPSP. A comprehensive item pool was derived from a systematic literature search. Items that turned out significant in bivariate analyses were then analysed multivariately, using logistic regression analyses. The items that yielded significant predictors in the multivariate analyses were compiled into an index. The cut‐off score for a high risk of developing CPSP with an optimal trade‐off between sensitivity and specificity was identified. The data of 150 patients who underwent different types of surgery were included in the analyses. Six months after surgery, 43.3% of the patients reported CPSP. Five predictors multivariately contributed to the prediction of CPSP: capacity overload, preoperative pain in the operating field, other chronic preoperative pain, post‐surgical acute pain and co‐morbid stress symptoms. These results suggest that several easily assessable preoperative and perioperative patient characteristics can predict a patient's risk of developing CPSP. The risk index may help caregivers to tailor individual pain management and to assist high‐risk patients with pain coping.
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in a primary care setting using digital retinal imaging technology.

The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy as determined by digital retinal imaging technology in this study was surprisingly high: 71.9% overall and 63.9% among those diagnosed less than one year. The prevalence rates are higher than hospital series using dilated direct ophthalmoscopy (44.1% from University Hospital Kuala Lumpur,1 and 48.6% from Hospital University Sains Malaysia2). Is this due to the high sensitivity of retinal photography or false positives? We cannot ascertain this in the absence of verification by a gold standard. Undilated ophthalmoscopy by non-ophthalmologists has low sensitivity;3 hence retinal photography appears to offer a solution for the currently low screening rate of diabetic eyes. However, its high cost (prices vary depending on the model) raise the question as to whether it is a cost effective approach in primary care. Study in UK general practice showed that the addition of fundus photography to routine direct ophthalmoscopy improved the detection of sight-threatening retinopathy.4 In deciding whether to provide fundus photography service, general practitioners should bear in mind the cost of the camera and its accessories, and the pictures taken (digital or otherwise) will need to be reviewed by a person familiar with retinal abnormalities, usually an ophthalmologist. The classification systems used by the authors appear to be too complicated for routine use, and they have noted the inability of non-stereoscopic camera to detect macular oedema. The digital retinal imaging has been successfully used in telemedicine diagnosis but its proper place in primary care in still unclear.
Phenobarbital compared with phenytoin for the treatment of neonatal seizures.

BACKGROUND Seizures occur in 1 to 2 percent of neonates admitted to an intensive care unit. The treatment is usually with either phenobarbital or phenytoin, but the efficacy of the two drugs has not been compared directly. METHODS From 1990 to 1995, we studied 59 neonates with seizures that were confirmed by electroencephalography. The neonates were randomly assigned to receive either phenobarbital or phenytoin intravenously, at doses sufficient to achieve free plasma concentrations of 25 microg per milliliter for phenobarbital and 3 microg per milliliter for phenytoin. Neonates whose seizures were not controlled by the assigned drug were then treated with both drugs. Seizure control was assessed by electroencephalographic criteria. RESULTS Seizures were controlled in 13 of the 30 neonates assigned to receive phenobarbital (43 percent) and 13 of the 29 neonates assigned to receive phenytoin (45 percent; P=1.00). When combined treatment is considered, seizure control was achieved in 17 (57 percent) of the neonates assigned to receive phenobarbital first and 18 (62 percent) of those assigned to receive phenytoin first (P=0.67). The severity of the seizures was a stronger predictor of the success of treatment than was the assigned agent. Neonates with mild seizures or with seizures that were decreasing in severity before treatment were more likely to have their seizures end, regardless of the treatment assignment. CONCLUSIONS Phenobarbital and phenytoin are equally but incompletely effective as anticonvulsants in neonates. With either drug given alone, the seizures were controlled in fewer than half of the neonates.
Does Mandatory Disclosure of Internal Control Weaknesses Affect Corporate Financing Decisions?

We examine the impact of internal control weaknesses (ICWs) on firms’ financing choices and how firms alter their financing behavior after the mandated disclosure of ICWs. We find that, before disclosure, ICW firms tend to seek external financing more than non-ICW firms do and are more likely to use equity financing as opposed to debt. After the disclosure, however, ICW and non-ICW firms exhibit similar financing preferences. In exploring the motivations for equity financing, we find that ICW firms are more prone than non-ICW firms to use the equity proceeds to fund investments and that this penchant disappears post-disclosure. The overall evidence indicates that ICW disclosure alters the information environment and managerial incentives, which has significant impact on firms’ financing decisions.