Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The heat shock cognate protein 70 is associated with hepatitis C virus particles and modulates virus infectivity

There is growing evidence that virus particles contain host cell proteins. These proteins may provide viruses with means to evade the immune system or with mechanisms for cell entry and release. A proteomic analysis performed on highly purified hepatitis C virus (HCV) J6/JFH virions identified the heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) as part of the viral particles. These results were further validated via immunogold electron microscopy. The HSC70 interaction HPD motif was found present on the E2 envelope of the J6/JFH strain, as well as in over 50% of genotype 2 clinical HCV isolates. In addition, HSC70 was found associated with viral particles from an HCV genotype 2a–infected patient. Preincubation of HCV particles with anti‐HSC70 antibodies decreased viral infectivity. Within infected cells, colocalization of HSC70 with the HCV core and E2 proteins was observed around lipid droplets. Reduction of HSC70 expression using an RNA interference approach decreased the volume of lipid droplets as well as viral release without affecting HCV replication levels. Conclusion: These results suggest that HSC70 modulates HCV infectivity and lipid droplet–dependent virus release. (HEPATOLOGY 2009.)
VHF bandpass filter design using CMOS transresistance amplifiers

A linear wideband class AB transresistance (Rm) amplifier is proposed and analyzed. Using the Rm amplifier, a new transresistance-capacitor (Rm-C) differentiator is designed. Considering the intrinsic capacitances of the MOS transistors as filter elements, the Rm-C configuration can be regarded as a very high frequency (VHF) bandpass biquad filter with the center frequency mainly depending on the differentiating capacitor value. The center frequency can be finely tuned by varying the r/sub m/ value of the tunable Rm amplifier. Without loading degradation, cascading the Rm-C biquads can enhance the quality factor Q of the filter. Simulation results indicate the capability of the proposed new filter implementation method to realize a VHF bandpass biquad with the center frequency as high as 100 MHz. <<ETX>>
Dynamic and Rapid Changes in Viral Quasispecies by Udps in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Receiving Telaprevir-Based Therapy

Background Telaprevir (TVR) is a protease inhibitor (PI) used in chronic hepatitis C treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. We analysed the prevalence and kinetic development of TVR resistance upon treatment. Methods A total of 24 cirrhotic patients (genotype 1a, n=8; genotype 1b, n=16) previously non-responders to standard therapy were treated with TVR-based therapy. The distribution of TVR-resistant variants was assessed at every HCV-RNA-positive time point by 454 ultra-deep pyrosequencing (UDPS) during a mean follow-up period of 9.4 months. Results A median of 6,837 reads/specimen was studied. Based on control UDPS, we considered mutations as real when present >0.4%. TVR-resistant variants were found at baseline in 8/24 patients (33.3%). Four of the 24 patients (16.7%), all genotype 1a, did not achieve HCV RNA<100 IU/ml between week (W)2 and W12 and stopped treatment. No statistical significant difference was observed in the prevalence of resistant mutants between responders and non-responders (25% [5/20] and 75% [3/4], respectively). The proportion of genotype 1a patients with R155K/T/Q at baseline was higher in non-responders than in responders (50% versus 0%). During treatment failure, significant enrichment in V36A/M and R155K/T/Q was observed but their frequency reverted back to baseline after TVR discontinuation. Conclusions TVR-resistant variants are widely present at baseline. The presence of TVR-resistant mutants at baseline, even in high abundance (>20%), did not always preclude TVR treatment success. The detection of R155K/T/Q at baseline may predict failure in genotype 1a patients. At failure, which occurred in genotype 1a patients, a significant enrichment in V36A/M and R155K/T/Q was observed.
TOPOLOGY AND MODALITY: THE TOPOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF FIRST-ORDER MODAL LOGIC

As McKinsey and Tarski showed, the Stone representation theorem for Boolean algebras extends to algebras with operators to give topological semantics for (classical) propositional modal logic, in which the “necessity” operation is modeled by taking the interior of an arbitrary subset of a topological space. In this article, the topological interpretation is extended in a natural way to arbitrary theories of full first-order logic. The resulting system of S4 first-order modal logic is complete with respect to such topological semantics.
Risk of redisplacement after first successful reduction in paediatric distal radius fractures: sensitivity assessment of casting indices

The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of currently available indices for casting in distal radius fractures in children and to identify risk factors associated with displacement. A cohort of 14 patients with redisplacement was compared with a cohort of 41 patients with maintenance of reduction. A significant difference (<0.008) was observed in the three-point index, the degree of comminution (<0.01) and the quality of the initial reduction (<0.003). We recommend careful identification of high-risk factors and appropriate stabilization for potentially unstable fractures at first treatment. Assessment of the three-point index is recommended for judging the moulding technique.
Comparative Study of 5'-Nucleotidase Test in Various Liver Diseases.

INTRODUCTION The liver regulates many important metabolic functions. The 5'-nucleotidase activity is increased in obstructive jaundice, parenchymal liver disease, and hepatic metastases. AIM This study was conducted to assess the serum levels of 5'-nucleotidase on patients with viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver diseases and liver cirrhosis, moreover to make comparison to assess the degree of biliary involvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 male subjects (15 healthy controls and 45 case subjects) were enrolled, aged between 30 -50 years, each case group consisted of 15 male age-matched patients suffering with viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (more than 10 years.) and liver cirrhosis. Serum 5'-nucleotidase was analyzed as per the standard laboratory procedure. RESULTS The 5'-nucleotidase levels were significantly raised in viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis patients. The levels being 35.2±8.43, 29.87±3.94, and 24.07± 4.33 respectively as compared to healthy control (11±3.42) U/L. CONCLUSION Serum 5'-nucleotidase levels showed elevations in mean value of three fold in viral hepatitis, 2.5 folds elevation in alcoholic liver disease and two fold in cirrhosis as compared of healthy control subjects.
Achievement of low temperature chip stacking by a wafer-applied underfill material

This paper will highlight recent developments of an efficient assembly technology for chip stacking which utilizes a novel wafer applied underfill (WAUF). The a-stage WAUF was spin coated on an 8” wafer with a bump structure of 5 um Cu / 3 um Ni / 5 um Sn2.5Ag Pb-free solder, and then baked at 125°C for 40 minutes to form a 30 um thick b-stage film. After wafer dicing, four chips with WAUF were assembled via a SÜSS FC-150 bonder on a Si interposer. With the aid of the flux agent in the WAUF, the peak bonding temperature was lowered to 240°C, which was beneficial for the reduction of residual thermal stress as compared to that imposed by direct bonding at 280°C. Previous work showed that no delamination of WAUF was found in the chip stacking architecture after the precondition test. In the most recent study, a temperature cycling test (TCT, JESD22-A104-B, Condition B, Soak mode 2) was used to assess the reliability of the 20 um pitch microjoints sealed by the WAUF. After 250 TCT cycles, 87.5% test vehicles failed with a failure mode of the microjoints shown to be interfacial fracture. This was a similar result to the failure mode of microjoints sealed by capillary underfill, though the WAUF failed much earlier. The root-cause of the failure can be attributed to the inferior bonding accuracy, as the majority of the Sn2.5Ag solder alloy at the contact area completely reacted with Ni to form Ni3Sn4 at this stage but did not link up with each other (a proposed failure mechanism will be given in another ITRI's paper). However, the lifespan of the microjoints could be prolonged if the remaining Sn2.5Ag Pb-free solder alloy is sufficient to sustain the bump structure after bonding, even though the WAUF was not post-cured. The authors believe that the newly developed underfill material and the corresponding assembly technology will reveal a proper technique for stacking homogeneous ICs (such as DRAM) efficiently and reliably.
ANALISIS ELEMEN-ELEMEN FRAUD PENTAGON SEBAGAI DETERMINAN FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING (Studi Pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2014-2016)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh externalnpressure, institusionalnownership, financialnstability, kualitas auditorneksternal, change innauditor, perubahanndireksi dan frequentnnumber of CEO’snpicture terhadap fraudulentnfinancial reportingnpada perusahaan property dannreal estate yang terdaftar dinBursa EfeknIndonesia periode 2014-2016. Datanyang digunakan darinpenelitian ininadalah data sekundernyang bersumber darinlaporan keuangan dan laporanntahunan perusahaan yangndiakses melalui website resmi IDX (www.idx.com). Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisisnregresi berganda menggunakan SPSS versi 2.0. Teknik pengambilan sampelndalam penelitian ininadalah purposivensampling dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 41 dari 58 perusahaan propertyndan real estate periode 2014-2016. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa externalnpressure berpengaruh terhadapnfraudulent financialnreporting. Hipotesis kedua institusionalnownership tidak berpengaruh terhadap fraudulent financialnreporting. Hipotesis ketiga financialnstability tidak berpengaruh terhadap fraudulent financialnreporting. Hipotesis keempat kualitas auditorneksternal tidak berpengaruh terhadap fraudulentnfinancial reporting. Hipotesis kelima change innauditor tidak berpengaruh terhadap fraudulent financialnreporting. Hipotesis keenam perubahanndireksi berpengaruh terhadap fraudulentnfinancial reporting. Hipotesis ketujuh frequentnnumber of CEO’snpicture tidak berpengaruh terhadapnfraudulent financialnreporting. Pengujian secara simultan menunjukkan externalnpressure, institusionalnownership, financialnstability, kualitas auditor eksternal, change innauditor, perubahanndireksi, dan frequentnnumber of CEO’snpicture berpengaruh terhadap fraudulentnfinancial reporting .
Escherichia coliα‐haemolysin induces focal leaks in colonic epithelium: a novel mechanism of bacterial translocation

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) are usually harmless colonizer of the intestinal microflora. However, they are capable to translocate and cause life‐threatening disease. Translocation of ExPEC isolates was quantified in colonic monolayers. Transepithelial resistance (Rt) was monitored and local changes in conductivity analysed with conductance scanning. Confocal microscopy visualized the translocation route. Corroboratory experiments were performed on native rat colon. One translocating strain E. coli O4 was identified. This translocation process was associated with an Rt decrease (36 ± 1% of initial resistance) beginning only 2 h after inoculation. The sites of translocation were small defects in epithelial integrity (focal leaks) exhibiting highly increased local ion permeability. Translocation was enhanced by preincubation of monolayers with tumour necrosis factor‐α or interleukin‐13. Mutant strains lacking alpha‐haemolysin lost the ability to induce focal leaks, while this effect could be restored by re‐introducing the haemolysin determinant. Filtrate of a laboratory strain carrying the alpha‐haemolysin operon was sufficient for focal leak induction. In native rat colon, E. coli O4 decreased Rt and immunohistology demonstrated focal leaks resembling those in cell monolayers. E. coliα‐haemolysin is able to induce focal leaks in colonic cell cultures as well as in native colon. This process represents a novel route of bacterial translocation facilitated by pro‐inflammatory cytokines.
Survey of job satisfaction and future intentions of community pharmacists in Wolverhampton, England

Title Survey Of Job Satisfaction And Future Intentions Of Community Pharmacists In Wolverhampton, England Author List Johal A, Morrissey H, Ball P. Background In 2016, the Department of Health announced £320 million in government cuts to the pharmacy sector. This is thought to have had an effect on patient access to services and resulted in hardship to community pharmacists, which may adversely have affected morale. There has been a significant change in the role of community pharmacists from a historic dispensing role to more clinical, patient-centred services. It is important to understand how pharmacists view the new roles and their intentions for the future. Aim The aim of this study was to administer a satisfaction and future intentions questionnaire specific to community pharmacists. Abstract Methods A mixed design questionnaire, based upon blended closedend and free text questions was used. A convenience sample of 27 community pharmacists representing 20 Wolverhampton pharmacies was selected. Results This study found that patient interaction and professional clinical services are the source of greatest satisfaction whilst remuneration was the least. The proportion of pharmacists intending to stay in the community setting was 15% less than those who stated that they had intended to work in community upon graduation. The top two suggestions for increasing job satisfaction were an increase in patient service provision and closer integration into primary care. Conclusion Community pharmacists were particularly satisfied and motivated by the provision of patient-centred services.
The Gender Composition of Firms and Risk-Taking Behavior: Evidence from Mutual Funds

We use two decades of data on more than 20,000 mutual fund manager spells and find that, in contrast to existing evidence, the presence of female fund managers is associated with more risk-taking, by other managers in the same family of funds. Male and, especially, female fund managers take on significantly more idiosyncratic risk — a measure of a fund manager’s unique investment style — and their funds exhibit a higher market beta — a measure of the non-diversifiable risk to which a fund’s investors are subject — when they have a higher proportion of female fund manager colleagues. Our results are consistent with a “safe haven” effect, whereby the presence of female managers encourages their colleagues to express their investing individuality by taking on more risk. We also find that risk-adjusted performance does not change, suggesting that the safe haven effect operates along an efficient frontier.
Women in Motion

Women make up about half of the world's migrants, so it is little surprise that the international migration of women has been attracting significant attention in recent years. Most agree that global restructuring increasingly forces a large number of women in developing countries to emigrate to richer countries. But is poverty the only motivating factor? In Women in Motion, Nana Oishi examines the cross-national patterns of international female migration in Asia. Drawing on fieldwork in ten countries-both migrant-sending and migrant-receiving-the author investigates the differential impact of globalization, state policies, individual autonomy, and various social factors. This is the first study of its kind to provide an integrative approach to and a comparative perspective on female migration flows from multiple countries.
Corporate risk disclosure practice in Saudi Arabia: Secrecy versus transparency

Accounting systems and corporate disclosure practices are significantly affected by legal systems and cultural environment. The vast majority of risk reporting research concentrates mainly on Western Europe and other developed countries. However, there is a clear dearth of corporate risk disclosure (CRD) studies in developing countries in general, and in the Arab region in particular. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore the level and content of CRD practices in a developing country with a different legal system and cultural values, namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To the best of our knowledge, no such study has been performed in Saudi Arabia. Content analysis is conducted to analyze and measure CRD in the annual reports of Saudi non-financial listed companies over the period 2008-2011. The findings highlight the role of the legal system and cultural values on CRD practices and confirm the potential conflict between secrecy as a key feature of Saudi accounting system versus transparency as a key pillar of the Islamic Accountability Framework. Consistent with transparency, as an Islamic Sharia requirement, Saudi Arabia provides a moderate level of CRD among developed and developing countries. However, the content of this level is found to be of low quality as non-financial, qualitative, past, present, or non-time-specific and neutral risk disclosures far outweigh the financial, quantitative, future, and bad risk disclosures, which could reflect the inherent secrecy and the unwillingness of Saudi companies to provide high-quality risk disclosure. The findings also reveal a steady increase in the level of CRD over the period of study with a significant variation of disclosure level among industry sectors. Overall, the results suggest that Saudi regulatory bodies and companies pay more attention to the format rather than the content of CRD. The results have implication for national and international standard-setters, policy makers, investors, and researchers to understand and improve CRD practices and its determinants in Saudi Arabia.
Pharmacotherapy of major depression in late life: what is the role of new agents?

ABSTRACT Introduction: Evidence on the pharmacotherapy of late-life major depressive disorder (LLD) is scant. Most of the recommendations in existing clinical guidelines are based on expert opinions, extrapolations from data obtained in younger patients, or theoretical considerations. Areas covered: This article summarizes the recommendations from existing clinical guidelines and recent reviews on the treatment of LLD. Next, it discusses the potential role of newer antidepressants – vilazodone, levomilnacipran, and vortioxetine – based on a systematic search of the literature published during the past five years. Then, it presents evidence pertaining to the use of ketamine, aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, quetiapine, and methylphenidate in the treatment of LLD. Expert opinion: Very few recent publications directly relevant to the pharmacotherapy of LLD were identified: there are no published data supporting the use of vilazodone, levomilnacipran, ketamine, or brexpiprazole in older patients. Recent placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials (RCTs) support the use of vortioxetine, quetiapine monotherapy, aripiprazole augmentation, or methylphenidate augmentation (with one RCT for each). Thus, overall, there have been few innovations in the pharmacotherapy of LLD over the past decade and the stepwise approach recommended in older guidelines remains relevant today. More studies addressing the relative efficacy, tolerability, and safety of psychotropic medications are needed.
Heavy Metal in Dust Samples from ABA, ABIA State, Nigeria, Using Car Wind Screen as Inert Passive Collector

Dust samples were collected from car wind screen packed by the road sides in different locations in Aba north and South Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria and analyzed for heavy metals using Parkin Elma Pye Unican 400 Absorption Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results indicated the range of concentration as Chromium; 89.75 ± 1.95 to 114.70 ± 4.0mg/kg at Asa Nnetu, Lead; 297.05 ± 2.0mg/kg at Aba North 2 to 652.05 ± 17.44mg/kg at Asa Nnetu, Copper; 12.75 ± 0.70mg/kg to 34.75 ± 0.75 at Asa Nnetu, Vanadium; 73.70 ± 3.4mg/kg to 113.30 ± 0.26mg/kg in Aba South 2, Iron; 2701.50 ± 1.5 to 2798.33 ± 2.65mg/kg in Asa Nnetu. Manganese, (Mn); 87.30 ± 1.5 in Aba North 11 to 124.50 ± 1.32mg/kg in Asa Nnetu. Cadmium (Cd); 8.0 1.0 in Asa Nnetu to 13.50 ± 0.50 mg/kg in Aba South 1. Statistics showed significant variation in concentrations of Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn and Hg in the two local government areas. Similarly, the concentrations of Cr, Pb, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Hg were above the Nigeria National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) soil quality for industries. The results indicated various levels of dust pollution by heavy metals in the area and so calls for concern due to the health implication of these metals.
Study of the Impacts of Implements of Husbandry on Bridges Volume I: Live Load Distribution Factors and Dynamic Load Allowances

codified procedures that examine the capability of a bridge to resist traditional highway vehicles. However, other vehicles, such as farm and agricultural vehicles (implements of husbandry), also use these bridges. These implements of husbandry have characteristics that are quite different from traditional vehicles; specifically, they tend to have different wheel spacing, track widths, wheel footprints, and dynamic coupling characteristics. Further, these vehicles typically carry loads that are greater than standard highway loads.
Tingkat Kualitas Permukiman (Studi Kasus: Permukiman Sekitar Tambang Galian C Kecamatan Weru, Kabupaten Sukoharjo)

Settlement is defined as a components combination of housing, environment and life of the societies who live in it. Quality of settlement components can describe how the condition of the settlement itself. Several settlement areas in Weru Subdistrict, Sukoharjo District have a C-type quarry location inside. Based on the Sukoharjo District Spatial Plan, that area is planned as settlement activities. There are other activities that should be supported by the components of the settlements that only planned to accommodate settlement activities. Question in this research is to know the level of settlement quality of each block in settlement area around C-type quarry in Weru Subdistrict seen from (1) nature, (2) shell, (3) infrastucture network, and (4) society. This research is a quantitative research using scoring analysis technique. The result shown that there is difference between each block of settlement. Block 2 has high quality because it has several components with high quality such as buildings, infrastructure network, and the level of public health. The other blocks such as block 1, block 3, block 4, and block 5 have medium quality with several medium quality of components such as green space, road network, economic level and level of public health. Improvement are needed for some components to improve the quality of settlements in each block so that the whole settlements becomes better to lived.
Long-Term Effects of Volunteerism During the Undergraduate Years

This study addresses the question of whether the effects of volunteer service during the undergraduate years persist once students leave college. Data are drawn from 12,376 students attending 209 institutions who were followed up four and nine years after college entry. Results show that even when pre-college service participation is controlled, student participation in volunteer service during the undergraduate years is positively associated with a variety of cognitive and affective outcomes measured nine years after entering college.