Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Laelias of Mexico

Se presenta una revision de las especies mexicanas del genero LaeLia. Se reconocen once especies y una subespecie a saber, Laelia albida, L. anceps (con las subespecies anceps y dawsonii), L. aurea, L. autumnalis, L. crawshayana, L. eyermaniana, L. furfuracea, L. gouldiana, L. rubescens, L. speciosa y L. superbiens. Ademas se reconocen algunas formas dentro de algunas especies. La primera parte del libro incluye datos y discusiones sobre el uso, morfologia, clasificacion, filogenia, ecologia, cultivo y conservacion de las Laelias mexicanas. Se presenta tambien una descripcion generica y una guia de identificacion. El tratamiento individual de las especies incluye informacion sobre la nomenclatura, la tipificacion, nombres comunes, descripcion morfologica, etimologia, historia, reconocimiento, distribucion, habitat, localidades accesibles, epoca de floracion, variacion, hibridacion artificial y natural, estado de conservacion, espedmenes examinados y referencias bibliograficas. Cada especie y subespecie esta ilustrada con un dibujo y varias fotografias. Se presenta al final una seccion sobre hibridos naturales, tambien ilustrada
Expression of Microphthalmia Transcription Factor in Sentinel Lymph Nodes of Patients with Melanoma

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy is widely used in the management of melanoma patients. Multiple markers are used to stain sentinel lymph node tissue including S100, HMB-45 and melan A with different success. We investigated, for the first time, the use of Microphthalmia transcription factor (Mitf) staining in a larger series of sentinel lymph nodes. Mitf is a transcription factor essential for the development and survival of melanocytes. It has been introduced recently as a sensitive and specific marker for melanomas. Methods: Thirty patients with cutaneous melanoma were included in our study: twenty patients underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy; ten patients underwent complete lymph node dissection for clinically positive disease. Results: Ten out of twenty sentinel lymph nodes were negative for tumor cells and showed no Mitf staining. Out of the ten positive sentinel lymph nodes, eight were also positive for Mitf. Only four out of the ten clinically positive lymph nodes stained for Mitf. Conclusions: We conclude that Mitf can be used as an additional marker for evaluating sentinel lymph nodes in patients with melanoma. In addition, our results imply that Mitf is involved in melanoma differentiation.
Genetic Analysis of Factors Affecting Susceptibility of Bacillus subtilis to Daptomycin

ABSTRACT Daptomycin is the first of a new class of cyclic lipopeptide antibiotics used against multidrug-resistant, gram-positive pathogens. The proposed mechanism of action involves disruption of the functional integrity of the bacterial membrane in a Ca2+-dependent manner. We have used transcriptional profiling to demonstrate that treatment of Bacillus subtilis with daptomycin strongly induces the lia operon including the autoregulatory LiaRS two-component system (homologous to Staphylococcus aureus VraSR). The lia operon protects against daptomycin, and deletion of liaH, encoding a phage-shock protein A (PspA)-like protein, leads to threefold increased susceptibility. Since daptomycin interacts with the membrane, we tested mutants with altered membrane composition for effects on susceptibility. Deletion mutations of mprF (lacking lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol) or des (lipid desaturase) increased daptomycin susceptibility, whereas overexpression of MprF decreased susceptibility. Conversely, depletion of the cell for the anionic lipid phosphatidylglycerol led to increased resistance. Fluorescently labeled daptomycin localized to the septa and in a helical pattern around the cell envelope and was delocalized upon the depletion of phosphatidylglycerol. Together, these results indicate that the daptomycin-Ca2+ complex interacts preferentially with regions enriched in anionic phospholipids and leads to membrane stresses that can be ameliorated by PspA family proteins.
Sensing Characteristics of Arc-Induced Long Period Gratings in Polarization-Maintaining Panda Fiber

We present and discuss an investigation of the sensing features of long period gratings fabricated in a polarization-maintaining Panda optical fiber, by means of the electric arc discharge technique. In particular, the investigation regards the resonant wavelength shift of first three cladding modes as function of three environmental parameters, such as strain, temperature, and surrounding medium refractive index. We also investigate and discuss the variations of the sensing behavior as a function of the polarization input state. The achieved results show that the sensitivity of each resonant wavelength to environmental parameters is modulated by the cladding mode order and by polarization input light, with some appealing characteristics. For instance, the lowest order cladding mode in slow polarization state is practically insensitive to temperature and surrounding refractive index, but sensitive to strain. Temperature and strain sensitivities show opposite signs with the input light polarization. Sensitivity to surrounding refractive index is higher in the case of fast polarization state. These results represent a concrete perspective of the possibility that this device can act as a 3-parameter sensor.
Rethinking the Effects of Immigration on Wages

This paper asks the following important question: what was the effect of surging immigration on average and individual wages of U.S.-born workers during the period 1990-2004? Building on section VI I of Borjas (2003) we emphasize the need for a general equilibrium approach to analyze this problem. The impact of immigrants on wages of US born workers can be evaluated only by accounting carefully for labor market and capital market interactions in production. Using such a general equilibrium approach we estimate that immigrants are imperfect substitutes for U.S.-born workers within the same education and experience group (because they choose different occupations and have different skills). Moreover, accounting for reasonable speed of adjustment of physical capital we show that most of the wage effects of immigration accrue to native workers already within a decade. These two facts, overlooked by the previous literature, imply a positive and significant effect of the 1990-2004 immigration on the average wage of U.S.-born workers overall, both in the short and in the long run. This positive average effect resulted from a positive effect on wages of all US-born workers with at least a high school degree and a small negative effect on wages of U.S born workers with no high school degree.
Experimental Verification of an Electrical Drive Fed by a Modular Multilevel TSBC Converter When the Motor Frequency Gets Closer or Equal to the Supply Frequency

This paper provides an experimental discussion on an adjustable-speed electrical drive fed by a modular multilevel triple-star bridge-cell (TSBC) converter. The TSBC converter is suitable for medium-voltage high-power motor drives with regenerative braking. However, it suffers from capacitor-voltage fluctuation that becomes more serious as the motor frequency gets closer or equal to the supply frequency. This paper presents a practical solution of it with an acceptable increase in all the nine cluster currents. The solution is characterized by a motor-magnetizing-current controller that makes a significant contribution to theoretically eliminating the low-frequency component contained in each capacitor voltage. Experimental waveforms, which are obtained from a three-phase downscaled model rated at 400 V and 15 kW, verify exhibit satisfactory start-up performance from a standstill to the rated motor frequency that is equal to the supply frequency.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and pulmonary mucormycosis

Mucormycosis is a serious invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised patients. Patients undergoing treatment for hematologic malignancies are predominantly prone to the pulmonary manifestation of mucormycosis. Historically, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients suffering from pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) was considered contraindicated owing to mortality rates up to 90%. We present 3 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and PM who were treated with radical surgical debridement combined with high‐dose liposomal amphotericin B (LAB), and subsequently underwent successful allogeneic HCT. To date, all 3 patients are in complete remission and show no signs of mucormycosis. Allogeneic HCT in patients with PM seems feasible provided that the infectious focus is completely removed surgically and adequate antifungal pharmacotherapy, such as high‐dose LAB or posaconazole, is established.
The optimization of peptide cargo bound to MHC class I molecules by the peptide‐loading complex

Summary: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I complexes present peptides from both self and foreign intracellular proteins on the surface of most nucleated cells. The assembled heterotrimeric complexes consist of a polymorphic glycosylated heavy chain, non‐polymorphic β2 microglobulin, and a peptide of typically nine amino acids in length. Assembly of the class I complexes occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and is assisted by a number of chaperone molecules. A multimolecular unit termed the peptide‐loading complex (PLC) is integral to this process. The PLC contains a peptide transporter (transporter associated with antigen processing), a thiooxido‐reductase (ERp57), a glycoprotein chaperone (calreticulin), and tapasin, a class I‐specific chaperone. We suggest that class I assembly involves a process of optimization where the peptide cargo of the complex is edited by the PLC. Furthermore, this selective peptide loading is biased toward peptides that have a longer off‐rate from the assembled complex. We suggest that tapasin is the key chaperone that directs this action of the PLC with secondary contributions from calreticulin and possibly ERp57. We provide a framework model for how this may operate at the molecular level and draw parallels with the proposed mechanism of action of human leukocyte antigen‐DM for MHC class II complex optimization.
Teacher identification of speech and language impairment in kindergarten students using the Kindergarten Development Check

The purpose of this paper was to profile the extent and accuracy of teacher identification of speech and language impairment within a kindergarten student population in Tasmania, Australia, using the Kindergarten Development Check (KDC). A total of 286 kindergarten students (aged 4–5 years and in their first year of formal schooling) were screened by teachers with the KDC on two separate occasions over their kindergarten year. In the following academic year, each of the same 286 students were assessed by a speech-language pathologist, and diagnosed with either typically developing or impaired speech and/or language skills. Review of KDC data determined the number of students identified by teachers with speech and language impairment at each occasion during their kindergarten year. Comparison of data from the later KDC administration and speech-language pathology assessment then determined the correspondence between identification of speech and language impairment by teachers and speech-language pathologists. Upon initial administration of the KDC, 51 (17.8%) students were identified by teachers with language impairment and 47 (16.4%) students with speech impairment. Following the second administration of the KDC 3 months later, 20 (7.0%) students continued to be identified with language impairment, and 39 (13.6%) with speech impairment. Comparison of speech-language pathology testing results and KDC data from the second administration found the overall validity of teacher identification was 86.4% and 71% for speech and language impairment respectively. Specificity rates were high, with 93% and 97% of students with typically developing speech and language skills respectively, correctly classified on the KDC. However, the sensitivity was only 50% for speech impairment and 15% for language impairment, indicating that 50% of students presenting with speech impairment and 85% of students with language impairment in their subsequent academic year were not recorded by teachers as having such a difficulty on the later KDC administration during their kindergarten year. The KDC appears to be ineffective in supporting kindergarten teachers to identify students with ongoing speech and to a greater extent, language impairment. Measures to improve the sensitivity of the KDC in particular need to be considered by speech-language pathologists and educational professionals in Tasmania.
Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Predictors of Non- Adherence among Pediatrics Attending Ambo Hospital ART Clinic, West Ethiopia

Citation: Kebede Alemu, et al. (2014) Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Predictors of NonAdherence among Pediatrics Attending Ambo Hospital ART Clinic, West Ethiopia. J HIV AIDS Infect Dis 2: 1-7. *Corresponding author: Jimma Likisa, Ambo university, college of medicine and health sciences, department of pharmacy, clinical pharmacy course and research team Pobox 19, Ambo, Ethiopia; Tel:+251917305585; Email:jimmapharm@gmail.com
A prospective study regarding the complications of transcatheter intraarterial lipiodol chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer death throughout the world. The majority of patients are not suitable for curative resection either because of the advanced stage of the disease at the time of presentation or because of underlying cirrhosis. Transcatheter intraarterial lipiodol chemoembolization (TACE) has been reported to be one of the most effective palliative measures for HCC. However, its severe side effects continue to make its use controversial.
Asian-American Deaths Near the Harvest Moon Festival

Objective: Reexamine the claim that elderly Chinese-American women are able to prolong their lives until after the celebration of the Harvest Moon Festival. Methods: See if independent 1985 to 2000 data for Chinese-, Korean-, and Vietnamese-Americans replicate results that were reported using 1960 to 1984 data for Chinese-Americans. Results: The original 1960 to 1984 data do not support the death-postponement theory unless deaths that occur on the festival day are classified as having occurred after the festival. The new data do not support the theory, no matter how deaths on the festival day are classified. Conclusions: These data do not support the hypothesis that elderly Chinese-, Korean-, or Vietnamese-American women are able to prolong their lives until after the celebration of the Harvest Moon Festival.
Weakly nonlinear internal gravity wavepackets

Horizontally periodic, vertically localized internal wavepackets evolve nonlinearly due only to interactions between the waves and their wave-induced mean flow. The corresponding weakly nonlinear equation that describes the evolution of the amplitude envelope before the onset of parametric subharmonic instability is examined. The results are compared with fully nonlinear numerical simulations and are shown to lie in excellent agreement for over 15 buoyancy periods. Analysis of the equation shows that the evolution is modulationally unstable if the wave frequency exceeds that of waves with the fastest vertical group speed and if the amplitude is sufficiently large. Waves that move close to the fastest vertical group speed are unstable even if their relative amplitude is a tiny fraction of the inverse relative vertical extent of the wavepacket. At late times in the evolution of an unstable wavepacket third-order dispersion terms become non-negligible and act in conjunction with weakly nonlinear effects to retard the vertical advance of the wavepacket as a whole.
Effects of phosphorylation and cross-linking on the pasting properties and molecular structure of sago starch.

Native sago starch was phosphorylated with 5% sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) or crosslinked with 4% phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3) at pH 8 to 11. The modified starches were characterized for degree of substitution (DS), pasting properties, crystallinity and molecular structure. The results indicated that DS of phosphorylated sago starch prepared at pH 9 was 0.008, which was the highest value among those prepared at any other pH. For cross-linked sago starch, increase in the pH of the reaction mixture resulted in increase in DS. The swelling properties indicated unrestricted swelling of phosphorylated sago starch, while that of crosslinked sago starch showed restricted swelling. The restricted swelling might be related to the formation of inter-molecular bridges by phosphate group. The phosphorylated and cross-linked sago starches had degrees of crystallinity ranging from 22.96-24.76% and a C type of X ray diffraction pattern. The 31P NMR spectrum of phosphorylated sago starch (DS 0.008) indicated that the phosphorylation resulted in monostarch phosphate showing the phosphate groups attached at C-6 and C-3, while that of cross-linked sago starch (DS 0.018) showed a signal for distarch phosphate with a small proportion of cyclic monostarch phosphate.
Cautions in the diagnosis of borderline schizophrenia.

To the Editor. — In discussing schizotypy, Gunderson et al 1 referred to a study 2 of which one of us (P.J.K.) was an author and made incorrect statements about the design and statistics, stating that items in the study had "poor interrater reliability. " A more careful examination of our raw data in Table II of that article would indicate that the Pearson's r coefficient is.834. This figure is found on page 144 and is a better measure of the reliability than the percentage agreement among raters that we also mentioned in Table II (range, 81% to 90%). Gunderson et al resorted to the same (percentage agreement) technique of reporting reliability and produced the figure of 65.7%, which did not deter them from making the statement about "poor interrater reliability" even though our data surpassed theirs in terms of precentage agreement. Second, they stated that "it is unclear how Welner made
The Nuclear Component of a Cytonuclear Hybrid Incompatibility in Mimulus Maps to a Cluster of Pentatricopeptide Repeat Genes

Characterizing the genetic and molecular basis of hybrid incompatibilities is a first step toward understanding their evolutionary origins. We fine mapped the nuclear restorer (Rf) of cytoplasm-dependent anther sterility in Mimulus hybrids by identifying and targeting regions of the Mimulus guttatus genome containing large numbers of candidate pentatricopeptide repeat genes (PPRs). The single Mendelian locus Rf was first isolated to a 1.3-cM region on linkage group 7 that spans the genome's largest cluster of PPRs, then split into two tightly linked loci (Rf1 and Rf2) by <10 recombination events in a large (N = 6153) fine-mapping population. Progeny testing of fertile recombinants demonstrated that a dominant M. guttatus allele at each Rf locus was sufficient to restore fertility. Each Rf locus spans a physical region containing numerous PPRs with high homology to each other, suggesting recent tandem duplication or transposition. Furthermore, these PPRs have higher homology to restorers in distantly related taxa (petunia and rice) than to PPRs elsewhere in the Mimulus genome. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)–PPR interaction is highly conserved across flowering plants. In addition, given our theoretical understanding of cytonuclear coevolution, the finding that hybrid CMS results from interactions between a chimeric mitochondrial transcript that is modified by Rf loci identified as PPRs is consistent with a history of selfish mitochondrial evolution and compensatory nuclear coevolution within M. guttatus.
New Power Factor Correction AC-DC Converter With Reduced Storage Capacitor Voltage

Most of single-stage power factor correction (PFC) ac-dc converters usually present a high voltage swing on the storage capacitor. That means, high size and cost of the storage capacitor is obtained. The Series Inductance Interval (SII) PFC converters allow reducing cost and size of the storage capacitor since the capacitor voltage is lower than the output voltage and, therefore, the voltage swing is significantly reduced. In this paper, the novel single-stage SII-B-2D PFC converter is presented. In addition, this topology provides input current harmonics under EN61000-3-2 Class D limits and advantageous component count
Differential expression of two glutathione S‐transferases identified from the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis

Reciprocal signalling and gene expression play a cardinal role during pathogen–host molecular interactions and are prerequisite to the maintenance of balanced homeostasis. Gene expression repertoire changes during rickettsial infection and glutathione‐S‐transferases (GSTs) were among the genes found up‐regulated in Rickettsia‐infected Dermacentor variabilis. GSTs are well known to play an important part in cellular stress responses in the host. We have cloned two full‐length GSTs from D. variabilis (DvGST1 and DvGST2). Comparison of these two DvGST molecules with those of other species indicate that DvGST1 is related to the mammalian class theta and insect class delta GSTs, while DvGST2 does not seem to fall in the same family. Northern blotting analyses revealed differential expression patterns, where DvGST1 and DvGST2 transcripts are found in the tick gut, with DvGST2 transcripts also present in the ovaries. Both DvGST transcripts are up‐regulated upon tick feeding. Challenge of fed adult ticks with Escherichia coli injection showed decreased transcript amounts compared with ticks injected with phosphate‐buffered saline (sham) and naïve ticks.
Conjugacy of torsional eye movements in response to a head tilt paradigm.

PURPOSE Vertically skewed eye movements are induced by head tilt toward the shoulder (roll). Because vertical and torsional eye movements are tightly coupled both mechanically and neuronally, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the conjugacy of torsional eye movements during the Bielschowsky head tilt test (BHTT). Furthermore, the purpose was to investigate the influence of different visual and viewing condition on torsional conjugacy. The issue has clinical relevance in interpreting the outcome of the BHTT. METHODS Eye movement recordings were performed using the infrared three-dimensional video-oculography (3D-VOG) technique. Objective cycloposition of 20 healthy individuals was measured in presumed primary position and in head tilt positions of 15 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees to the right and left, respectively. The same paradigm was performed under three different viewing conditions: binocularly without spatial orientation and both binocularly and monocularly with spatial orientation. The stimulus used with spatial orientation was a photographic picture of a historic building, whereas the stimulus with no spatial cues consisted of concentric circles. RESULTS Consistent excyclovergence occurred in all subjects in head tilt. The relative amount increased with head tilt, regardless of the visual stimulus. Maximum excyclovergence was 0.7 degrees in 45 degrees head tilt during monocular fixation. Binocular viewing enhanced the torsion conjugacy by means of vergence stability (SD), whereas spatial visual cues improved the torsional conjugacy only slightly. CONCLUSIONS Consistent excyclovergence was induced in head tilt. A vestibular origin seems to provide a plausible explanation of the induced torsional disconjugacy, whereas visual feed-back seems plausible in explaining the better conjugacy in binocular viewing.