Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SREBP Controls Oxygen-Dependent Mobilization of Retrotransposons in Fission Yeast

Retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that proliferate through an RNA intermediate. Transposons do not encode transcription factors and thus rely on host factors for mRNA expression and survival. Despite information regarding conditions under which elements are upregulated, much remains to be learned about the regulatory mechanisms or factors controlling retrotransposon expression. Here, we report that low oxygen activates the fission yeast Tf2 family of retrotransposons. Sre1, the yeast ortholog of the mammalian membrane-bound transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), directly induces the expression and mobilization of Tf2 retrotransposons under low oxygen. Sre1 binds to DNA sequences in the Tf2 long terminal repeat that functions as an oxygen-dependent promoter. We find that Tf2 solo long terminal repeats throughout the genome direct oxygen-dependent expression of adjacent coding and noncoding sequences, providing a potential mechanism for the generation of oxygen-dependent gene expression.
Micronutrient Supplementation does not Change Complement System Response to Heavy Training

Abstract We aimed to examine the micronutrient supplementation effect on complement system activity after heavy training. 24 male firefighters were randomly divided into supplemented and placebo groups, and tested for immunology-related parameters using venous blood samples in the fasting state pre- and post-5 weeks of nutritional supplementation. C3 and C4 complement components were determined in a nephelometer from immune complexes formed through specific human antisera and total haemolytic complement activity (CH100) was determined by enzyme immunoassay. Differences between pre- and post-supplementation were observed only for CH100 on placebo group (p=0.004; mean diff −26.92; 95%CI −43.58 to −10.25) and no interaction, treatment or time effects were observed for C3 and C4. Although interaction accounted for 8.8% of the total variance in CH100 (with time effect pre- vs post-accounting for 19.5% of the total variance), the treatment effect (supplemented vs placebo) was not significant. The absence of effects on the complement system response to supplementation during heavy training could be justified by the fact that: (i) nutritional supplements do not improve humoral innate immunity in well-fed subjects; (ii) selected supplements unlikely improve the innate immune system in situations of adequate nutritional status; and/or (iii) selected doses of supplementation were not sufficient to elicit immune changes.
Assessment of tacrolimus intrapatient variability in stable adherent transplant recipients: Establishing baseline values

The purpose of this study was to determine the intrapatient (within the same patient) variability of tacrolimus in adherent patients. Daily tacrolimus trough levels were obtained at home using dried blood spot technology in kidney and liver transplant recipients. Patients were randomized to receive 3 formulations of tacrolimus, each for two 1‐week periods. Adherence was monitored by patient diary, pill counts, and use of the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). Variability was quantified as the coefficient of variation (CV). Comparison of CV between groups was by independent t test or one‐way ANOVA as appropriate. The population was found to be adherent with a rate of 99.9% with a mean interval between the evening and morning dose of tacrolimus of 11.86 hours. The median CV for the entire population was 15.2% (range 4.8%‐110%). There were no differences in CV by allograft type or tacrolimus formulation. The multivariate analysis did not identify any demographic characteristics associated with a CV > 30%. In a highly adherent population, tacrolimus did not display high intrapatient variability. Given the association between IPV and poor allograft outcomes, future studies are needed to quantitate the influence of adherence and establish target IPV goals.
Correlates of nurses’ motivation and their demographic characteristics

BACKGROUND Motivation is a significant concern for workforce management in healthcare organizations as it is linked to many important factors, such as performance, staff retention, and satisfaction. AIM To assess motivation level, assess sources of motivation, and identify the difference in motivation level in relation to nurses' characteristics. SETTING The study was carried out in one major tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. PARTICIPANTS A total convenient sample of 550 nurses were recruited. All participants are working under the umbrella of executive nursing administration. METHODS Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of 30 items that focused on assessing a nurse's motivation sources and level. RESULTS In general, 346 nurses (62%) fully completed the survey. The average motivation level of nurses is 3.6 ± 0.5. Additionally, internal self-concept motivation was identified as the most predominant source of motivation (4.1 ± 0.6). Instrumental and goal internalization motivations ranked second (3.7 ± 0.6), whereas external self-concept (3.4 ± 0.7) and intrinsic (3 ± 0.7) motivations are the lowest sources of motivation. There is a significant difference in the motivation mean between males and females (P = 0.034). Another significant difference was revealed with different years of experience ( P = 0.021). CONCLUSION The high percentage of internal self-concept motivation among nurses signified that nurses needed more than enjoyment of their work atmosphere, social acknowledgment, higher salary, and good rationale to give maximum effort. Although these should be taken into consideration, more attention should be given to practices that improve a nurse's challenge, autonomy, internal value, and competency.
Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization and sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind controlled trials

We performed a meta-analysis of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which included 4 double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of TACE combined with sorafenib (experimental groups) on time to disease progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and various sorafenib-related adverse events, compared to those in the placebo (control) groups. A total of 877 HCC cases from 14 countries, including China and the USA, were included in our meta-analysis. The TTP increased significantly in the experimental groups (hazard ration [HR]: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69–0.97; p = 0.02), but OS did not improve significantly (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.72–1.29; p = 0.82), compared with the control groups. The risks of hand and foot skin reactions (HFSR), rash, fatigue, and diarrhea were significantly greater in the experimental groups (p < 0.05 for all), compared to those in the control groups, whereas the risk of nausea was statistically similar (p > 0.05). Among these, the risk of HFSR was highest (risk ratio [RR]: 5.93; 95% CI: 2.00–17.53; p = 0.001), and a subgroup analysis of studies that lacked significant heterogeneity in the HFSR data showed a higher risk of HFSR (RR: 10.96; 95% CI: 5.54–21.69; p < 0.05). In conclusion, although TACE plus sorafenib increases TTP, it does not improve OS. Therefore, the risk of the adverse events of TACE plus sorafenib should be considered as a potential therapeutic limitation.
Serotonergic modulation of suicidal behaviour : integrating preclinical data with clinical practice and psychotherapy

Suicide is receiving increasing attention worldwide, with many countries developing national strategies for prevention. Suicide accounts for almost 2 % of deaths worldwide, and attempted suicide is more frequent than completed suicide, with a prevalence of 3.5 % (Suominen et al. 2004). the definition of suicidal behaviours encompasses a broad constellation of heterogeneous entities differing not only in manifestation, but also in their background (Courtet et al. 2004). Forms of suicidality include suicidal ideations, impulsive suicide attempts with low lethality, highly lethal failed suicide attempts and completed suicide (Bondy et al. 2000) and involve the intention to die and the lethality of method (Bondy et al. 2000). the nature of the suicidal act may range from impulsive to carefully premeditated and from aggressive/punitive or violent to non-violent or passive. Suicide can either be attempted or completed, although an overlap has been noted given that about two-thirds of suicide victims have made one or more prior suicide attempt(s), and non-violent suicide attempters frequently change their suicide method from non-violent to violent (Rihmer 2007). Attempted suicide is a self-damaging act aimed at ending one’s life resulting in failed suicide Abstract Many studies have provided important information regarding the anatomy, development and functional organization of the 5-Ht system and the alterations in this system that are present within the brain of the suicidal patient. there is also a growing interest in genetic factors associated with suicide, since these may lead to the emergence of personality traits that prove to be longterm predictors of suicidal behaviour. this review will focus on presenting the scientific literature on the role of the serotonergic system in suicidal behaviour as well as dysfunctional attitudes and personality traits associated with the suicidal patient. the association of the serotonin transporter gene, the 5-Ht2 receptors and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid with suicidal behaviour and animal models that may capture the complexity of suicidal behaviour will be discussed. Finally, the relationship between neurobiological models and psychotherapeutic interventions for suicide prevention will be considered with a focus on Schema therapy (an approach that has shown particular promise in the treatment of suicidal individuals
Evaluating design concepts using fuzzy arithmetic operations

A new method to evaluate the conceptual design of a mechanical system by means of a fuzzy distance measure is proposed. Firstly, all the factors that constrain the conceptual design are established, and the hierarchical relationship among them is set up in terms of usability, dynamic performance, and manufacturability. And then the evaluation criterions are proposed for all basic mechanical units. Secondly, the rating of various alternatives for each unit under different criteria and the weights of different criteria are represented, assessed and computed using standard fuzzy arithmetics. Based on the factor trees, a three-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is set up, which is characterized by multi-factors, multi-hierarchy features, multi-experts involved as well as various constituent units. The concept of fuzzy distance measure is introduced to deckle the final ranking of alternatives using a proposed algorithm. Finally, an example is given to show the process of evaluation using distance measure
Anticipating future conditions via trajectory sensitivity

Plants are known to be highly responsive to environmental heterogeneity and normally allocate more biomass to organs which grow in richer patches. However, recent evidence demonstrates that plants can discriminately allocate more resources to roots that develop in patches with increasing nutrient levels, even when their other roots develop in richer patches. Responsiveness to the direction and steepness of spatial and temporal trajectories of environmental variables might enable plants to increase their performance by improving their readiness to anticipated resource availabilities in their immediate proximity. Exploring the ecological implications and mechanisms of trajectory- sensitivity in plants is expected to shed new light on the ways plants learn their environment and anticipate its future challenges and opportunities.
Phenamacril is a reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor of Fusarium class I myosin

The cyanoacrylate compound phenamacril (also known as JS399–19) is a recently identified fungicide that exerts its antifungal effect on susceptible Fusarium species by inhibiting the ATPase activity of their myosin class I motor domains. Although much is known about the antifungal spectrum of phenamacril, the exact mechanism behind the phenamacril-mediated inhibition remains to be resolved. Here, we describe the characterization of the effect of phenamacril on purified myosin motor constructs from the model plant pathogen and phenamacril-susceptible species Fusarium graminearum, phenamacril-resistant Fusarium species, and the mycetozoan model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. Our results show that phenamacril potently (IC50 ∼360 nm), reversibly, and noncompetitively inhibits ATP turnover, actin binding during ATP turnover, and motor activity of F. graminearum myosin-1. Phenamacril also inhibits the ATPase activity of Fusarium avenaceum myosin-1 but has little or no inhibitory effect on the motor activity of Fusarium solani myosin-1, human myosin-1c, and D. discoideum myosin isoforms 1B, 1E, and 2. Our findings indicate that phenamacril is a species-specific, noncompetitive inhibitor of class I myosin in susceptible Fusarium sp.
Targeting peptidylarginine deiminase reduces neutrophil extracellular trap formation and tissue injury in severe acute pancreatitis

Recent evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). Herein, we examined the role of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD), which has been shown to regulate NET formation, in severe AP. AP was induced by retrograde of taurocholate infusion into pancreatic duct in C57BL/6 mice. PAD was pharmacologically inhibited using Cl‐amidine, a pan‐PAD inhibitor. Pancreata were collected, and histones, citrullinated histone 3, chemokines, myeloperoxidase, and NETs were quantified. Chemokines, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and DNA‐histone complexes were determined in plasma samples. Infusion of taurocholate induced formation of NETs in pancreatic tissues of mice. Pretreatment with Cl‐amidine markedly reduced the NET formation in the inflamed pancreas. Moreover, inhibition of PAD decreased the levels of blood amylase as well as edema, acinar cell necrosis, hemorrhage, and neutrophil infiltration in the pancreas of animals with AP. Administration of Cl‐amidine attenuated the myeloperoxidase levels in the pancreas and lung of mice exposed to taurocholate. In addition, Cl‐amidine decreased pancreatic levels of CXC chemokines, plasma levels of IL‐6, and MMP‐9 in mice with severe AP. This study shows that Cl‐amidine is a potent inhibitor of NET formation in severe AP. Also, our results suggest that PAD regulates pathological inflammation and tissue damage in the inflamed pancreas. Thus, targeting PAD might be a useful strategy to treat patients with severe AP.
Factors associated with non-adherence to outpatient follow-up of neonatal intensive care discharge.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with non-adherence to the outpatient follow-up of infants discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. METHOD A cross-sectional study that included 596 children who were discharged between October 1, 2014 and September 30, 2015 and who were referred to outpatient follow-up. The data were collected by evaluating the discharge report and attendance to the consultations. RESULTS Of the 596 children referred for follow-up, 118 (19.80%) did not attend any outpatient care in the 12 months after discharge. Children with gestational age at birth ≥37 weeks (odds ratio 1.97, p=0.013), who were not resuscitated at birth (odds ratio 1.79, p=0.032) and those without continuous use of medications at home (odds ratio 1.69, p=0.046) were more likely to not adhere to outpatient follow-up. CONCLUSION The expressive number of non-adherence to follow-up indicates the need for actions to ensure care continuity to newborns at risk after hospital discharge. Although the differences pointed out cannot be defined as predictors of non-follow-up, evidence of these variables allows us to recognize risks and seek to reduce factors that influence abandoning follow-up care.
Identification of Common Thalamocortical Dysconnectivity in Four Major Psychiatric Disorders.

Background Recent genetic and imaging analyses of large datasets suggested that common biological substrates exist across psychiatric diagnoses. Functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities of thalamocortical circuits were consistently found in patients with schizophrenia but have been less studied in other major psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to examine thalamocortical FC in 4 major psychiatric disorders to identify the common connectivity abnormalities across major psychiatric disorders. Methods This study recruited 100 patients with schizophrenia, 100 patients with bipolar I disorder, 88 patients with bipolar II disorder, 100 patients with major depressive disorder, and 160 healthy controls (HCs). Each participant underwent resting functional magnetic resonance imaging. The thalamus was used to derive FC maps, and group comparisons were made between each patient group and HCs using an independent-sample t test. Conjunction analysis was used to identify the common thalamocortical abnormalities among these 4 psychiatric disorders. Results The 4 groups of patients shared a similar pattern of thalamocortical dysconnectivity characterized by a decrease in thalamocortical FC with the dorsal anterior cingulate, anterior prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal cortex. The groups also showed an increase in FC with the postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus, superior temporal cortex, and lateral occipital areas. Further network analysis demonstrated that the frontoparietal regions showing hypoconnectivity belonged to the salience network. Conclusion Our findings provide FC evidence that supports the common network hypothesis by identifying common thalamocortical dysconnectivities across 4 major psychiatric disorders. The network analysis also supports the cardinal role of salience network abnormalities in major psychiatric disorders.
Correction: Isolation of Phages for Phage Therapy: A Comparison of Spot Tests and Efficiency of Plating Analyses for Determination of Host Range and Efficacy

In Table 3, the ESBL, SARA, SARB should be under separated headline. Please see the corrected Table 3 here. access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Internet-delivered eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (iEMDR): an open trial

Recent research indicates internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) can reduce symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examined the efficacy of an internet-delivered treatment protocol that combined iCBT and internet-delivered eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (iEMDR), in an uncontrolled trial. Eleven of the 15 participants completed post-treatment questionnaires. Large effect sizes were found from pre-treatment to 3-month follow-up ( d = 1.03 – 1.61) on clinician-assessed and self-reported measures of PTSD, anxiety and distress, with moderate effect sizes ( d = 0.59 – 0.70) found on measures of depression and disability. At post-treatment, 55% of the participants no longer met criteria for PTSD and this was sustained at follow-up. Symptom worsening occurred in 3 of 15 (20%) of the sample from pre- to post-treatment; however, these participants reported overall symptom improvement by follow-up. Future research directions for iEMDR are discussed.
Paradoxical pulmonary event under tocilizumab treatment for systemic sclerosis-associated usual interstitial pneumonia

We read with interest, the results of the faSScinate trial1 suggesting tocilizumab had a good safety profile in the treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). SSc-ILD is, however, a heterogeneous condition classified according to radiological and histopathological findings. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is much less frequent than non-specific interstitial pneumonia (approximately 10% and 75% respectively), with no difference in prognosis and survival reported between these two main entities.2 An earlier report in tocilizumab-treated patients with severe SSc-lung fibrosis reported respiratory function stabilisation in two but slight deterioration in one of the patients.3 Based on this evidence, we treated one patient in breast cancer remission, with clinical and functional respiratory deterioration and a UIP pattern of SSc-ILD, with off-label tocilizumab. We, hereby, report a reversible life-threatening episode of acute alveolitis that led to treatment discontinuation. In June 2009, a previously healthy 43-year-old female smoker of Portuguese ancestry experienced Raynaud phenomenon (RP). Three months later, an oestrogen-receptor-positive ductal breast carcinoma was diagnosed and treated by tumorectomy, axillary lymphadenectomy, radiotherapy and tamoxifen. Twelve months after the onset of RP, she developed severely pruritic and diffusely progressive skin thickening, dyspnoea, gastro-oesophageal reflux, recurrent digital ulceration and large joint arthritis. By July 2010, the modified …
Statin use and endometrial cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Several studies have evaluated the association between statin use and endometrial cancer risk. We carried out a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies to evaluate the effect of statins on endometrial cancer risk. A comprehensive search of electronic databases, conference abstracts and clinical trial registers was conducted for published and unpublished results. Studies that evaluated exposure to statins and endometrial cancer risk were considered. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model. Two RCTs and eleven non-randomized studies (four cohort and seven case-control studies) involving 9,517 cases of endometrial cancer were included in the analysis. There was no evidence of an association between statin use and endometrial cancer risk either among RCTs (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.19 to 2.67) or among non-randomized studies (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.07). Combined analysis of all included studies also showed that statin use did not significantly affect endometrial cancer risk (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.07). The sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of our results. Our findings do not support a protective effect of statins against endometrial cancer at the population level.