Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time mapping of electronic structure with single-shot two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy

Electronic structure and dynamics determine material properties and behavior. Important time scales for electronic dynamics range from attoseconds to milliseconds. Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy has proven an incisive tool to probe fast spatiotemporal electronic dynamics in complex multichromophoric systems. However, acquiring these spectra requires long point-by-point acquisitions that preclude observations on the millisecond and microsecond time scales. Here we demonstrate that imaging temporally encoded information within a homogeneous sample allows mapping of the evolution of the electronic Hamiltonian with femtosecond temporal resolution in a single-laser-shot, providing real-time maps of electronic coupling. This method, which we call GRadient-Assisted Photon Echo spectroscopy (GRAPE), eliminates phase errors deleterious to Fourier spectroscopies while reducing the acquisition time by orders of magnitude using only conventional optical components. In analogy to MRI in which magnetic field gradients are used to create spatial correlation maps, GRAPE spectroscopy takes advantage of a similar type of spatial encoding to construct electronic correlation maps. Unlike magnetic resonance, however, this spatial encoding of the nonlinear polarization along the excitation frequency axis of the two-dimensional spectrum results in no loss in signal while simultaneously reducing overall noise. Correlating the energy transfer events and electronic coupling occurring in tens of femtoseconds with slow dynamics on the subsecond time scale is fundamentally important in photobiology, solar energy research, nonlinear spectroscopy, and optoelectronic device characterization.
Formation, release, and internalization of stable tau oligomers in cells

Tau is a neuronal microtubule‐binding protein that, in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, can form oligomeric and large fibrillar aggregates, which deposit in neurofibrillary tangles. Tau's physiological state of multimerization appears to vary across conditions, and a stable dimeric form of soluble tau has been suggested from experiments using recombinant tau in vitro. We tested if tau dimerization or oligomerization, also occurs in cells, and if soluble tau oligomers are relevant for the release and internalization of tau. We developed a sensitive tau split‐luciferase assay to show the rapid intracellular formation of stable tau dimers that are released and taken up by cells. Our data further suggest that tau dimerization can be accelerated slightly by aggregation catalysts. We conclude that tau oligomers are a stable physiological form of tau, and that tau oligomerization does not necessarily lead to tau aggregation.
Non-specific physical symptoms and related functioning in people with self-reported noise sensitivity

There is not much epidemiological evidence on the symptomatic profile, functional status and illness behavior of people with increased sensitivity to noise. An epidemiological study combining self-administered questionnaires and electronic medical records of non-specific physical symptoms (NSPS) registered by general practitioners (GP) allows such investigation. The study sample consisted of 5933 participants, drawn from 21 practices within the Dutch Primary Care Database. Among participants, 722 (12.5%) responded “absolutely agree” to the statement “I am sensitive to noise”. Compared to the rest of the sample, the noise sensitive group reported significantly higher scores on number and duration of self-reported NSPS and indicators of functional impairment and illness behavior. There was also a higher prevalence of GP-registered NSPS among noise sensitive respondents. Results remained consistent after adjustment for demographic characteristics and GP-registered morbidity. Noise sensitivity was strongly associated with various other sensitivities such as those to chemical substances, odors and electromagnetic fields. Individuals with high levels of noise sensitivity share characteristics similar to those of people with other self-reported sensitivities. These findings add to the notion that different types of sensitivities might share a common (psycho) physiological basis.
Brand Personality's Influence on the Purchase Intention: A Mobile Marketing Case

This study underlines the value of the brand personality and its influence on consumer’s decision making, through relational variables. An empirical study, in which 380 participants have received an SMS ad, confirms that brand personality does actually influence brand trust, brand attachment and brand commitment. The levels of brand sensitivity and involvement have also an impact on the brand personality and on its related variables.
Effects of quality claims on willingness to pay for organic food

Purpose Claims about environmental impact, health effects and taste of food products are restricted in the EU. The purpose of this paper is to quantify how much such claims would change the willingness to pay (WTP) for organic products in Croatia. Design/methodology/approach For estimating the WTP under different claims the authors used an experimental auction. Participants (258) bid for real food products (organic and conventional tomatoes and apples) and are endowed with cash at a location where they usually go shopping. Findings For the sample the authors find that consumers are willing to pay on average a premium of 42 percent for organic apples and 59 percent for organic tomatoes. On top of that, WTP increases between 16-20 percent for environmental claims and 12 percent for health claims. Taste-related claims are not significant. Practical implications Sellers and producers of organic food can benefit from adding claims to organic labels. To protect consumers from manipulation, regulators are well advised to be cautions when allowing claims about credence attributes of food. Originality/value The authors quantify the influence of claims about organic products on the WTP by using experimental auctions which are particularly suitable to investigate effects which cannot be observed on the market.
The effect on healing of analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapy.

A trial has been carried out among student athletes comparing ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, with paracetamol, a simple analgesic, in the treatment of acute sports injuries. Sixty students took part in a double blind study of injuries sustained in a variety of sporting activities. The initial doses used were ibuprofen 1,600 mgs daily, and paracetamol 3,600 mg. Records were kept of the nature of the sport during which the injury occurred, the site of the injury, and the time that had lapsed since it was sustained (average 1.8 days). The average age of patients was 20 years, and the ratio of male:female, 8:1. The severity of pain, degree of tenderness, the size of the swelling and the degree of movement restriction were also noted. Re-assessments by both doctor and patient were made on the fifth and the tenth day. Five patients withdrew from the trial, so the results are based on the remaining 55. The side
Child behaviour following low to moderate maternal drinking in pregnancy

more hours as a resident does not necessarily prepare you for the emergencies that are rare. Even in Western Europe substandard care factors are often identified in cases of maternal mortality and morbidity. It is these findings that have boosted the use of alternative training methods. The very recently released Temple report has reviewed the effect of the European Working Time Directive, which limits the working week to 48 hours. The authors support the use of modern training. They conclude: ‘The co-ordinated, integrated use of simulation and technology can provide a safe, controlled environment and accelerate learning’. And, where appropriate, skills and expertise should be learnt in a simulation environment and from other modern techniques, not on patients’. But most importantly we should be discussing why it is that in many parts of the world healthcare workers, and the system in which they work, are not able to prevent women from dying from causes that are avoidable if appropriate treatment is started in time. Appropriate research needs to focus on how to change practice on the ground, through training or otherwise, and thereby improve the quality of care. j
Efficiency and Bias in Studies of Early Pregnancy Loss

Recent advances in laboratory techniques for measuring the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin have allowed detection of occult very early pregnancy losses based on assaying urine. We used data from the Early Pregnancy Study carried out in North Carolina to develop a simplified collection protocol for reducing costs and improving compliance in similar studies conducted in less-selected populations of women. Collection of specimens only during menses would have caused some decrease in sensitivity but would nevertheless have allowed detection of at least 75% of the losses detected in the North Carolina study. Reduced-collection protocols would also result in some loss in specificity. Simulations suggest that moderate losses in sensitivity and specificity, as would result from reduced-collection protocols, produce only moderate loss of power for detecting associations between risk factors and early pregnancy loss. A “fertility bias” exists, however, which can produce seriously misleading results when specificity is less than perfect. We therefore recommend use of a baseline group of sterile women, so that criteria for “pregnancy” can achieve specificity close to 1.0. (Epidemiology 1992;3:17–22)
Application of the NTIA General Video Quality Metric (VQM) to HDTV Quality Monitoring

This paper summarizes results from an experiment whose goal was to assess whether the NTIA General Video Quality Metric (VQM) is an acceptable objective metric for measuring High Definition TV (HDTV) video quality. The HDTV subjective test that was performed to evaluate the NTIA General VQM contained 60 30-second video clips that were rated using the Single Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation (SSCQE) method. The 60 clips included twelve 1080i HDTV originals and 48 processed versions of these originals from 16 different video systems. The video systems included 5 different HDTV codecs running at bit rates from 2 to 19 Mbps and broadcast transmission errors (i.e., RF transmission with poor signal-to-noise-ratio). Excellent objective-to-subjective correlation results for this experiment demonstrate the potential application of the NTIA General VQM to HDTV quality monitoring.
Freshwater sponges as indicators of water pollution: an investigative undergraduate lab

This lab uses freshwater sponges as model organisms to examine the biological effects of water pollution. Specifically, the focus of this laboratory module is on the effects that chemicals of environmental concern (e.g., endocrine disrupters) have on sponge growth and development. Contamination of aquatic ecosystems is a serious issue in environmental science. Identifying which chemicals we should be concerned with, and determining the consequences of contamination by specific compounds, is a major area of current research. Undergraduates are constantly exposed to news of environmental deterioration, yet few have an idea of how bioassays can help set national drinking water standards or shape environmental guidelines/laws. Our laboratory activity represents Reprinted From: Hill, M. S. and A. L. Hill. 2002. Freshwater sponges as indicators of water pollution: an investigative undergraduate lab. Pages 385-389, in Tested studies for laboratory teaching, Volume 23 (M. A. O’Donnell, Editor). Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop/Conference of the Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), 392 pages.
The prevalence of serum antibody to human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) among HIV-seropositive and high-risk HIV-seronegative women.

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) seropositivity among women who are known to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or who are at high risk for HIV infection. DESIGN A cross-sectional and blinded study of the prevalence of serological reactivity to HHV-8 infection as determined by an indirect immunofluorescence assay using nuclei from cells latently infected with HHV-8. Data and specimens were collected at baseline assessments of a longitudinal natural history cohort study. SETTING Four San Francisco Bay Area outpatient HIV specialty clinics participating in the cohort study. PATIENTS A total of 387 participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study whose HIV infection status was documented and serum was available in a local specimen repository. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Serological reactivity to HHV-8. RESULTS Serological reactivity to latent HHV-8 antigens was uncommon among study participants: 13 (3.4%) demonstrated serum antibodies. HHV-8 reactivity was more common among HIV-infected women; 12 (4.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1%-6.9%) of the 302 HIV-infected participants vs 1 (1.2%; 95% CI, 0.03%-6.4%) of the 84 HIV-uninfected participants were seropositive for HHV-8, though the difference did not attain statistical significance (odds ratio=3.43; 95% CI, 0.49-148.6). Two of the HIV-infected women had Kaposi sarcoma lesions and both were seropositive. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of HHV-8 seropositivity among the group of HIV-infected women was dramatically lower than that recently reported among HIV-infected homosexual and bisexual men (30%-35%). This finding parallels the lower prevalence of Kaposi sarcoma among women in contrast to men with HIV infection. These data further extend the correlation of HHV-8 serological reactivity with risk of Kaposi sarcoma and are consistent with an important role for HHV-8 infection in development of Kaposi sarcoma.
Aortic body tumors in dogs from Northern Paraná, Brazil

This article describes the occurrence of aortic body tumors in four dogs from Southern Brazil. All dogs were males, more than 9 year of age; most of these were from the Boxer breed of dogs. The animals had large neoplastic growths at the base of the heart, which demonstrated histologic characteristics consistent with that of aortic body tumor. By immunohistochemistry, tissue sections from all dogs reacted positively to neuron specific enolase. These cases might represent the first description of this tumor in dogs from Brazil, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
Angles, Area, and Perimeter Caught in a Cubic

The main goal of this paper is to establish sharp bounds for the angles and for the side ratios of any triangle of known area and perimeter. Our work is also related to the well known isoperimetric inequality. 1. Isosceles triangles sharing area and perimeter Suppose we wish to determine all isosceles triangles, if any, of area 3 and perimeter 10 - a problem that is a bit harder than the corresponding well known problem for rectangles! Let x be the length of the base and y the length of the two equal sides, x < 2y. Then the height of the isosceles triangles we wish to determine is equal to q y 2 − x 2
DDAVP challenge tests in boys with mild/moderate haemophilia A *

Summary. Desmopressin (DDAVP) increases plasma factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C) levels in patients with mild/moderate haemophilia A. In some subjects, FVIII can be increased to haemostatic levels, thereby avoiding use of factor VIII concentrates. We reviewed our hospital's experience with 62 boys with FVIII:C levels 0·01–0·3 IU/ml who had a DDAVP challenge test (i.v. 0·3 µg/kg) following diagnosis. A therapeutic response was defined as a 1 h post‐FVIII:C increase at least twofold over baseline and > 0·3 IU/ml. Of the total group, 29 (47%) boys responded to DDAVP, all of them with mild haemophilia (baseline FVIII:C ≥ 0·05 IU/ml), yielding a response rate of 57% in this subgroup. Boys who responded to DDAVP had higher baseline FVIII:C levels (mean ± SEM, 0·17 ± 0·01 vs 0·10 ± 0·01 IU/ml, P < 0·01) and were older (5·2 ± 0·8 vs 3 ± 0·4 years, P = 0·02) than those who failed to do so. The association between DDAVP response and age, however, remains unclear: seven boys who failed the initial challenge test responded to re‐challenge after a mean of 6·3 years (median 4·9, range 0·5–12·5), increasing the response rate in boys with mild haemophilia to 71%. Age and FVIII:C association with DDAVP response are both important in boys with mild/moderate haemophilia A. Absence of response to DDAVP should therefore be confirmed by later re‐challenge.
Characterization of the Relaxant Response to N,N′-Dipropyl-1,2-bis(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine in Porcine Coronary Arteries

N,N′-Dialkyl-1,2-bis(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamines show structural analogy with estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators. Because the vasodilator properties of these compounds are unknown, we investigated their potential to relax porcine coronary arteries and determined the mechanism(s) of relaxation. Isolated porcine coronary arterial rings were suspended in organ chambers, precontracted with KCl (30 mM), and the relaxant response was determined by measurement of changes in isometric force. Dependent on the chemical structure, the drugs induced concentration-dependent relaxation in rings with and without endothelium. N,N′-Dipropyl-1,2-bis(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine (8) was most potent and showed a 12- to 15-fold higher vasodilatory effect than 17β-estradiol (E2). The vasorelaxation was independent of endothelium. Calcium concentration-dependent contractions in high-potassium depolarizing medium were insurmountably inhibited by 8. The effect of the L-type Ca2+ channel activator (S)-(–)-Bay K 8644 [(S)-(–)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-pyridine-carboxylic acid methyl ester], which induced a leftward shift of Ca2+ contraction, was blocked by 8. The relaxant response to 8 was unaffected by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 (7α-[9-[(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl]-sulfinyl]nonyl]-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol) and K+ channel blockers, i.e., TEA, glibenclamide, and 4-aminopyridine. Furthermore, the vasodilatory effect of 8 was unaffected by the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22536 [9-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-9H-purin-6-amine], the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ [1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one], the protein kinase A inhibitor KT 5720 [(9S,10S,12R)-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-oxo-9,12-epoxy-1H-diindolo[1,2,3-fg: 3′,2′,1′-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-i][1,6]benzodiazocine-10-carboxylic acid hexyl ester], the protein kinase G inhibitor KT 5823 [(9S,10R,12R)-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-methoxy-2,9-dimethyl-1-oxo-9,12-epoxy-1H-diindolo[1,2,3-fg:3′,2′,1′-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-i][1,6]benzodiazocine-10-carboxylic acid methyl ester], and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB 203580 [4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-1H-imidazole]. Western blot analysis demonstrated that 8, unlike E2, raloxifene, and tamoxifen, failed to stimulate p38 MAPK. It is concluded that N,N′-dipropyl-1,2-bis(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine induces endothelium-independent relaxation of coronary arteries; the mechanism apparently involves inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels. The drug may be protective against cardiovascular diseases.
DETERMINAN PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH (STUDI PADA BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI)

This research is meant to test the Determinants of MurabahahFinancing that can be seen from the rate i.e.: (a) Non Performing Financing (NPF) or the rate of financing problems; (b) Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) or the rate of distributed finance; (c) The third Parties Fund (DPK) or the level of fund which is accepted by the society; (d) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) or the level of capital adequacy.The data has been done by using Mandiri Sharia Bank in 2010-2014 periods by usingquarter monthstime series, 20 quarter months with the amount of observations are 100 have been obtained as the research samples. The data analysis has been done by using multiple linear regressions with the SignificantIndividualParameters test (Statistic t test). The result of this research shows: (a) NPF has positive influence to the Murabahah finance. It occurs because the difference of Non PerformingFinancing of eachproduct of distributed akadmurabahah; (b) FDR has positive influence to the Murabahah financing. It has been proven that bank canadjust between theamounts of funds that has been receivedby the distributed murabahahfinancing; (c) DPK has positive influence to the murabahah financing, because high amount of funds will increase the distribution of murabahah financing; (d) CAR has positive influence to the murabahah financing. It shows that bank has proper procurement level of minimum capital in order to cover the loss from the distribution of murabahah financing. Keywords: Murabahah Financing,Non Performing Financing (NPF), Financing to deposit Ratio (FDR), The Third Parties Fund (DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR).
The Feasibility Of Open Service Innovation

The innovation management literature suggests that the implementation of open innovation processes accelerate innovation both in manufacturing and service firms. However, most research on open innovation has focused on product innovation in the manufacturing industry. How the characteristics of service innovation affect the feasibility of open innovation in services, has not been given much attention in the literature. This chapter aims to contribute in filling this literature gap by exploring the feasibility of different types of open service innovation conceptually. In a review of the most cited open innovation articles, we identify the main success criteria of four different open innovation types. These success criteria are systematically evaluated against a set of acknowledged characteristics of service innovation. From this evaluation, we suggest that implementation of open service innovation is more likely to be successful for inbound and non-pecuniary rather than outbound and pecuniary open innovation.