Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016

Introduction Overweight and obesity are considered to be global public health concerns. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the associated factors. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 and involving 3968 adolescents of 10 to 19 years from 40 secondary schools in Benin. Participants were selected using a 2-level random sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and were analyzed using Epi Info and Stata softwares. Associated factors were investigated by a logistic regression. Results Mean age was 16.54 ± 0.04 years and sex ratio was 1.16. The prevalence of overweight was 8.1% and that of obesity was 1.6%. Associated risk factors were female gender, sedentary lifestyle, consumption of sugary and carbonated beverages. Consumption of fruits and vegetables, regular physical activity, age over than 15 years were protective factors. Conclusion Overweight and obesity among school adolescents are increasing in Benin. The establishment of a school nutrition program and the promotion of regular physical activity should contribute to reducing their prevalence.
Information Asymmetries and Institutional Investor Mandates

The preference among foreign institutional investors for large firms is widely documented. This paper deepens our understanding of international investments by providing evidence that foreign institutional investors with broader investment scopes prefer to invest in firms where they are less prone to information disadvantages than more specialized ones. In other words, there is heterogeneity in how information asymmetries affect investors' portfolio choices. Theoretically, a model with costly information and short-selling constraints shows that the broader the investor's mandate, the smaller the incentives to gather and process costly information. Empirically, an analysis of the mutual fund industry in the United States supports this hypothesis.
Factors associated with food insecurity among women and children in rural Rajasthan, India

Food insecurity remains a significant problem in India, especially among women and children. The purpose of this paper is to measure food security and describe associated factors in rural Rajasthan, India. Pregnant women and women with young children belonging to self-help groups were surveyed for this study. Factors associated with food insecurity for both women and children included increased poverty, low dietary diversity, belonging to a tribe, and failing to save money to cover food expenses. For women, using more coping strategies and having a husband who made decisions about how money the woman earned was used were associated with food insecurity, while not having received food from an Integrated Child Development Service center was associated with food insecurity in children. These findings suggest that actions for improving food security may include facilitating saving for food needs, improving decision-making power among women, and increasing ties to organizations that cater to child development needs.
Attitudes And Perception In Consumer’S Insurance Decision

Consumers attitudes are both an obstacle and an advantage in the decision proccess. Choosing to discount or ignore consumers’ attitudes of a particular product or service, while developing a marketing strategy,guarantees limited success of a campaign.Differences in attitudes dependes also by the gender of decidents. the different features between men and women in the perception of risk and decisional process of making an insurance. Women are more risk averse than men. Over an initial range, women require no further compensation for the introduction of ambiguity but men do. Differences appear also in which concerns risk taking, overconfidence and information processing. Perhaps the attitude s formed as the result of a positive or negative personal experience and by other psychological factors outside the common market manipulation.
Analytic Torsion , 3 d Mirror Symmetry , And Supergroup Chern-Simons Theories

We consider topological field theories that compute the Reidemeister-Milnor-Turaev torsion in three dimensions. These are the psl(1|1) and the U(1|1) Chern-Simons theories, coupled to a background complex flat gauge field. We use the 3d mirror symmetry to derive the Meng-Taubes theorem, which relates the torsion and the Seiberg-Witten invariants, for a three-manifold with arbitrary first Betti number. We also present the Hamiltonian quantization of our theories, find the modular transformations of states, and various properties of loop operators. Our results for the U(1|1) theory are in general consistent with the results, found for the GL(1|1) WZW model. We also make some comments on more general supergroup Chern-Simons theories. May 12, 2015 ar X iv :1 50 5. 03 13 0v 1 [ he pth ] 1 2 M ay 2 01 5
Artificial feeding of partially engorged Amblyomma sculptum females through capillaries

ABSTRACT. Abel I. , Cunha N.C. , Rangel C.P., Correa F.N. & Fonseca A.H. Artificial feeding of partially engorged Amblyomma sculptum females through capillaries. [Alimentacao artificial de femeas parcialmente ingurgitadas de Amblyomma sculptum, por meio de tubos capilares]. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 38(supl. 3): 211-217, 2016. Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saude Publica, Instituto de Veterinaria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Campus Seropedica 23897-970, Seropedica, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: isisabel@ufpa.br This study presents the standardization of an artificial feeding technique using capillaries and discusses its effects on biological parameters of partially engorged Amblyomma sculptum females. Partially engorged females were sorted for mean baseline weight (71.94 mg, group I; 167.58 mg, group II). Females were detached from rabbits after 7 days of feeding and then exposed to capillary tubes containing citrated bovine blood for 6, 12, and 24 h. Biological parameters were analyzed for each weight group, after each period. All ticks fed on this system took blood meal. Weights before and after artificial feeding were compared, and significant difference was observed. Mean weight gain for group I females artificially fed for 6, 12, and 24 h was 56.05, 86.75 and 192.89 mg, respectively. Weight gain in group II females fed for 6, 12 and 24 h was 133.73, 182.09 and 368.77 mg. Results indicate that capillary feeding may be used routinely in studies on pathogen transmission by A. sculptum females. The ideal initial weight range is discussed in terms of the kind of study design.
Prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media in schoolgoing children

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a major health problem throughout the world in underdeveloped and developing countries including India. The high prevalence of CSOM in school children in India has led us to undertake this study in schoolgoing children of rural and urban areas of Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh and to find out the various predisposing factors for the development of CSOM. Objectives: The objective is to find out the prevalence of CSOM in schoolgoing children of the rural and urban population about age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Materials and Methods: Students were randomly selected from primary schools in rural and urban areas of Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh. Cases selected was categorized in relation to age, sex, socioeconomic status, and prevalence of the safe and unsafe type of CSOM. Observations: In the present study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2158 school children between the age group of 5 and 15 years. A total of 1161 children belonged to urban school whereas 997 children were from three adjacent rural government schools. A total of 78 children were found to be suffering from either unilateral or bilateral CSOM. Conclusion: The prevalence of CSOM in urban school children was 2.32%, while for rural children, it was 5.11%. 42.10% of cases of CSOM belonged to upper-lower socioeconomic group followed by lower middle group (31.57%). The tubotympanic disease was present in 87.18% of CSOM cases while 12.82% had atticoantral disease. Active CSOM was found amongst 37.18% while 62.82% had inactive disease. 42.10% had smoking father, 36.84% had indoor cooking with kerosene oil exposure, and 34.21% used unhygienic ear cleaning methods. 31.58% had a history of recurrent URI, 28.95% had chronic tonsillitis, and 21.05% of children had domain name system as associated findings with CSOM.
The pattern of problematic internet use and mental health-related internet use among psychiatric outpatients at a tertiary care center

Objective: There is scarce literature available on the pattern of problematic internet use (PIU) and use of internet for mental health help-seeking among adult patients with psychiatric disorders in South-East Asian countries. The present study aimed to understand the pattern of PIU among adult patients attending the outpatient psychiatry services at a tertiary care center in India. Further, it aimed to explore the use of internet for seeking mental health-related information or services among them. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited adult outpatients attending the outpatient psychiatry services following purposive sampling between June 2018 and December 2018. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information regarding sociodemographic characteristics and internet use pattern of participants, including use of internet for various mental health-related purposes. The Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 (GPIUS-2) was used to assess the PIU. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 software. Results: Among 155 study participants, 45 (29.03%) scored above 60 on GPIUS-2. Those with PIU were significantly younger, reported higher duration of daily internet use, and spent greater proportion of time online on activities related to social networking or social media than those with and without PIU. More than half of the participants reported internet use for seeking mental health-related information at least once in the past 1 month. There was no significant difference in the mental health-related internet use among adult patients with different psychiatric diagnoses, except for two situations. There was lesser use of internet for seeking information related to the symptoms of illness and various treatment modalities available among participants diagnosed with psychotic disorder. On the other hand, a greater use of internet for seeking information related to the symptoms of illness was reported by participants diagnosed with anxiety disorder. Conclusion: This study suggested that PIU is a frequently cooccurring condition among adult patients with primary psychiatric disorder. The importance of internet as a medium for seeking mental health information and services was observed among most of the study participants.
The monitoring and cementation behavior of electrokinetic stabilisation technique on Batu Pahat marine clay

This paper outlines the monitoring and soil fabric results from an experimental study of electrokinetic stabilisation (EKS) technique. The monitoring results were important in assessing the efficiency of the technique towards Batu Pahat marine clay. Two reactors were set up; 1.0 M of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as the electrolyte and stainless steel plates as the electrodes. EKS technique was continued for 21 days with a constant voltage gradient (50 V/m). This technique was performed in two phases where the alteration of EKS was the combination of stabilizers used. The combinations of stabilizers in phase 1 and 2 were CaCl2 - distilled water (DW) and CaCl2 - Na2SiO3, respectively. The technique was monitored using electric current, total inflow and outflow of electrolytes and pH of electrolytes. It showed fluctuated profiles of electric current for both phases, attributed by the introduction of calcium ions from the anode compartment. The inflow and outflow of electrolytes results showed that electromigration and electroosmosis occurred during EKS and it indicated the movement of anion and cation to the opposite direction. The pH of electrolytes kept constant value and balanced by electrolysis process at the cathode. Image of soil fabric for untreated and treated clay were presented where most images shows a flaky particles. The observation of those images indirectly explained the effect of cementation behavior of treated clay.
Microtension Test Method for Measuring Tensile Properties of Individual Cellulosic Fibers

A microtension testing system was devised to measure mechanical properties of individual cellulosic fibers. To avoid specimen gripping and to enhance fiber alignment during testing, a self-aligning ball and socket gripping assembly was used in the microtensile tester design. A resolution of 0.098 mN was obtained for the tensile load measurement with this microtensile tester. Fiber strain was determined from high-precision stepper motor movement with 0.078-μm resolution or by in situ video photography. Cross-sectional areas of a single fiber cell wall were measured with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results obtained from this system indicated a linear stress-strain curve until fatal failure for mature latewood fibers, whereas juvenile latewood fibers displayed curvilinear stress-strain relationships. Average values of tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break were 1258 MPa, 19.9 GPa, and 6.6% for mature latewood fiber and 558 MPa, 8.5 GPa, and 9.9% for juvenile latewood fiber, respectively. These values agreed with published data. The preliminary test indicated the usefulness of the integrated environmental chamber for investigating moisture effect on fiber engineering properties, but further investigation is needed to obtain statistically significant data.
Framed field experiments with heterogeneous frame connotation

We study label framing effects in linear public goods games. By accounting for heterogeneous frame connotation, we can identify individual framing effects. We test for such effects in a field experiment on irrigation management in India. Using membership of the water users association as a proxy for frame connotation, we find a differential impact on contributions in the game. Members contribute relatively more under the irrigation frame than non-members as compared to an alternative, neutral, frame. We conclude that experimental behaviour is sensitive to framing at the individual level but that such individual effects may cancel out on average, which explains previous studies that find mixed or only weak effects of framing.
Leptin Level Variance in Adults With and Without Cancer

Leptin Level Variance in Adults With and Without Cancer by ViLisa R. Chatman-Terry BS, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, 1996 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Walden University May 2019 Abstract In 2018, health statistics revealed that, despite the many preventive measures established, cancer was the second leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of death in 22 states, exceeded only by heart disease. With obesity/leptin levels reaching pandemic levels worldwide, and cancer having a well-known association with obesity, both chronic diseases represent a large proportion of public health challenges. Guided by the social ecological model, the purpose of this cross-sectional, quantitative study was to examine if a significant difference exists in leptin levels among adults with different types of obesity-associated and common cancers and those without cancer. Further, using secondary data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, theIn 2018, health statistics revealed that, despite the many preventive measures established, cancer was the second leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of death in 22 states, exceeded only by heart disease. With obesity/leptin levels reaching pandemic levels worldwide, and cancer having a well-known association with obesity, both chronic diseases represent a large proportion of public health challenges. Guided by the social ecological model, the purpose of this cross-sectional, quantitative study was to examine if a significant difference exists in leptin levels among adults with different types of obesity-associated and common cancers and those without cancer. Further, using secondary data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the correlation of cancer risk factors with leptin levels among a multiethnic sample of adults living in the United States was also examined. ANCOVA and multiple linear regression analysis revealed that a significant difference exists in leptin levels among individuals with different types of cancer. A correlation also exists between cancer risk factors and leptin levels in adults with different types of cancer. The results further revealed that those with cancer had higher leptin levels than those without cancer after adjusting for related covariates. Health professional and educators worldwide working together to increase awareness and health literacy to empower not only the current study population, but all populations in adopting healthier lifestyles that will hopefully aid in reducing the risk, incidence, and mortality rates of obesity and cancer at the individual, community, societal and national levels may ultimately lead to positive social change. Leptin Level Variance in Adults With and Without Cancer by ViLisa R. Chatman-Terry BS, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, 1996 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Design and Evaluation of Guar Gum Based Controlled Release Matrix Tablets of Zidovudine

In the present investigation an attempt was made to formulate the oral controlled release zidovudine matrix tablets by using Guar gum as rate controlling polymer and to evaluate drug release parameters as per various release kinetic models. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. Granules were prepared and evaluated for loose bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and angle of repose, shows satisfactory results. All the granules were lubricated and compressed using 12.6 mm flat faced punches. Compressed tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, content of active ingredient, friability, hardness, in vitro release studies and swelling index. All the formulations showed compliance with Pharmacopoeial standards. The in vitro dissolution study was carried out for 12 hours using paddle (USP type II) method in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) as dissolution media. Formulation F-1 failed to sustain release beyond 10 hours. Among all the formulation, F-2 shows 95.97% of drug release at the end of 12 hours. Selected formulation (F-2) was subjected to stability studies for 3 months, which showed stability with respect to release pattern. Fitting the in vitro drug release data to Korsmeyer equation indicated that diffusion along with erosion could be the mechanism of drug release. Key-words: Zidovudine, Guar gum, Matrix tablets, Wet granulation, Controlled release
The effects of taekwondo courses on multiple intelligence development: a case study on the 9th grade students

Background & study aim: During the last two decades Multiple Intelligence (MI) theory has been replaced with Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in order to increase the benefits of formal education programs. Within this frame various studies have been carried out to point out the inter-relation between sportive practices and intelligence development. The aim of this research was effects of taekwondo training on the development of multiple intelligence levels of 9th grade students. Material & methods: This research applied the model of pre-test-post-test experimental design with experiment and control groups, each composed of 20 students. The experiment group attended to taekwondo training for 60 minutes per week during 12 weeks; and the control group continued to their standard education program. After 12 weeks multiple intelligence inventory was applied to both groups for the second time in order to find out possible changes in the multi ple intelligence levels of the students. The findings of the inventory were evaluated using SPSS 17.0 for Windows program through arithmetic means, and independent samples t-tests. Results: As a result of the research, it is founded out that the experiment group which took part in the taekwondo training achieved meaningful differences in bodily/kinaesthetic and interpersonal/social intelligence levels, which also led to the development of overall multiple intelligence level. Conclusions: Different kinds of martial arts practices, which would be helpful for the intelligence development of the students, should be adopted as supplementary activities for school curriculum.
Cyclin D1 overexpression in Algerian breast cancer women: correlation with CCND1 amplification and clinicopathological parameters

Background Cyclin D1 which is associated with cell cycle regulation is solidly established as an oncogene with an important pathogenetic role in breast carcinomas. Objectives The aim of this study was to relate the Cyclin D1 protein overexpression with the amplification of its gene CCND1 in Estrogen Receptors (ER) positive breast carcinomas, in order to investigate the prognostic effect of their aberrations in relation to ER status, also to correlate the Cyclin D1 overexpression with other prognostic parameters. Materials and methods Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was used to identify CCND1 amplification on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded invasive ductal carcinoma, in which immunohistochemistry (IHC) had previously been performed in order to evaluate the pathological relevance of Cyclin D1 overexpression in human breast cancer (n = 138). Results CCND1 amplification was identified in 17/138 (12.3%) tumors and 78/138 (56.5%) tumors have overexpressed Cyclin D1. A significant correlation was identified between CCND1 amplification and Cyclin D1 overexpression (P < 0.001) and both Cyclin D1 and CCND1 were related with ER expression. Conclusion Our results show a significant correlation between Cyclin D1 overexpression and CCND1 amplification. Overexpression of Cyclin D1was observed in high proportion of breast cancer which should be considered for routine diagnosis.
Study on Combustion Chamber Geometry Effects in an HCCI Engine using High-Speed Cycle-Resolved Chemiluminescence Imaging

The aim of this study is to see how geometry generated turbulence affects the Rate of Heat Release (ROHR) in an HCCI engine. HCCI combustion is limited in load due to high peak pressures and too fast combustion. If the speed of combustion can be decreased the load range can be extended. Therefore two different combustion chamber geometries were investigated, one with a disc shape and one with a square bowl in piston. The later one provokes squish-generated gas flow into the bowl causing turbulence. The disc shaped combustion chamber was used as a reference case. Combustion duration and ROHR were studied using heat release analysis. A Scania D12 Diesel engine, converted to port injected HCCI with ethanol was used for the experiments. An engine speed of 1200 rpm was applied throughout the tests. The effect of air/fuel ratio and combustion phasing was also studied. The behavior of the heat release was correlated with high speed chemiluminescence imaging for both combustion chamber geometries. Optical access was enabled from beneath by a quartz piston and a 45 degree mirror. It was found that the square bowl in piston generates higher turbulence levels resulting in half the ROHR and twice as long combustion duration as the disc shaped combustion chamber. By using a resolution of 3 images per CAD, the fast gas movements during the entire HCCI combustion process could be studied inside the bowl.