Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the Role of Transformational Leadership in Technology Adoption: Evidence from Bruneian Technical & Vocational Establishments (TVE)

This pioneering study discusses the thirty-five Bruneian technical & vocational institutions of top management (principals, deputy principals, senior masters, ICT coordinators and technical administrators) leadership style with the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The study uses a survey approach further to indicate that the majority of the Technical and Vocational schools leaders have transformational leaders style which is related with the various uses of ICT. The correlation analysis has also shown the significant relationship between transformational leadership styles and the technology development and operational phase. Therefore, based upon the analysis some recommendations are made for the relevant authorities. Keywords: Information and Communication Technology (ICT), technology leadership, technical and vocational institutions, leadership style, Brunei Darussalam
Is Openness Penalized? Stock Returns Around Earnings Warnings

Prior research finds that firms warning investors of an earnings shortfall experience lower returns than non‐warning firms with similar risks and earnings news. Openness thus appears to be penalized by investors. Yet, this finding may be due to a self‐selection bias that occurs when firms with a larger amount of unfavorable non‐earnings news (“other bad news”) are more likely to warn. In this paper I use a Heckman selection model to infer the amount of other bad news and document that, on average, warning firms have a larger amount of other bad news than non‐warning firms. After controlling for this effect, I find that warning firms' returns remain lower than those of non‐warning firms in a short‐term window ending five days after earnings announcement. When this window is extended by three months, however, warning and non‐warning firms exhibit similar returns. My evidence suggests that openness is ultimately not penalized by investors.
The stellar metallicity gradients in galaxy discs in a cosmological scenario

The stellar metallicity gradients of disc galaxies provide information on the disc assembly, star formation processes and chemical evolution. They also might store information on dynamical processes which could affect the distribution of chemical elements in the gas-phase and the stellar components. We studied the stellar metallicity gradients of stellar discs in a cosmological simulation. We explored the dependence of the stellar metallicity gradients on stellar age and the size and mass of the stellar discs. We used galaxies selected from a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation performed including a physically-motivated Supernova feedback and chemical evolution. The metallicity profiles were estimated for stars with different ages. We confront our numerical findings with results from the CALIFA Survey. The simulated stellar discs are found to have metallicity profiles with slopes in global agreement with observations. Low stellar-mass galaxies tend to have a larger variety of metallicity slopes. When normalized by the half-mass radius, the stellar metallicity gradients do not show any dependence and the dispersion increases significantly, regardless of galaxy mass. Galaxies with stellar masses around $10^{10}$M$_{\odot}$ show steeper negative metallicity gradients. The stellar metallicity gradients correlate with the half-mass radius. However, the correlation signal is not present when they are normalized by the half-mass radius. Stellar discs with positive age gradients are detected to have negative and positive metallicity gradients, depending on the relative importance of the recent star formation activity in the central regions. The large dispersions in the metallicity gradients as a function of stellar mass could be ascribed to the effects of dynamical processes such as mergers/interactions and/or migration as well as those regulating the conversion of gas into stars. [abridged]
PROTOLITH COMPOSITION OF CORDIERITE–GEDRITE BASEMENT ROCKS AND GARNET AMPHIBOLITE OF THE BEARPAW LAKE AREA OF THE THOR–ODIN DOME, MONASHEE COMPLEX, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

The Thor–Odin dome of the Monashee complex, southeastern Canadian Cordillera, British Columbia, contains basement gneiss of North American tectonic affinity, including a distinctive cordierite–gedrite rock that is restricted in occurrence to the basement rocks and a regionally occurring garnet amphibolite. All of these rocks were penetratively deformed and metamorphosed at upper-amphibolite to lower-granulite facies conditions in the Cordilleran orogeny during the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene. The cordierite–orthoamphibole (dominantly gedrite) unit appears to define a discontinuous marker horizon or horizons within the Paleoproterozoic basement paragneiss. The cordierite–gedrite rocks have a unique bulk-rock composition that is characterized by depletions in the alkali elements and Ca, and enrichments in Al, Mg and Fe. They have flat rare-earth element (REE) patterns, depletions in most low field-strength elements (LFSE), and enrichments in high field-strength elements (HFSE). The measured 87Sr/86Sr values for these rocks vary from 0.74923 to 0.85962, and the eNd(today) values vary from −15.3 to −20.6. The cordierite–gedrite rocks are interpreted as Paleoproterozoic mafic volcanic rocks that were hydrothermally altered, likely prior to metamorphism. Hydrothermal alteration explains their distinctive bulk-rock composition. Interlayered and spatially associated lenses of garnet amphibolite are of uncertain age, although they are likely Precambrian, on the basis of their Nd isotopic composition. The garnet amphibolite rocks are characterized by high Mg and Ti values and depletions in the alkali elements. They have flat REE patterns, depletions in most LFSE and enrichments in HFSE. The garnet amphibolite samples have measured 87Sr/86Sr values that vary from 0.70953 to 0.74319, and eNd(today) values that vary from −0.8 to −7.3. The garnet amphibolite rocks are interpreted as Proterozoic metamorphosed mafic dykes or possibly volcanic rocks that postdated the formation of the protolith of the cordierite–gedrite rocks.
Assessing student learning in designing instructional video: a case study

The study of student learning in ICT learning environment has always obtained the centre stage for cooperative learning, self-reflection, and creative thinking that enhance higher order thinking skills. Student learning will be improved if a teacher adopted strategies of learning theories and effective student assessment. A pre-experimental design study was carried out as a one shot case study. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships of student-centred approach (strategies of instructions) that helps to stimulate self-regulation among students, metacognitive process towards student engagement. Quantitative and qualitative data collections have been adopted. A survey of 64 students was carried out at the end of the 12th week using a self-constructed questionnaire based on the previous related literatures. Qualitative data was based on discussion with other lecturer, blog entries from the students and personal journal entries. The triangulation was used to provide in depth understanding of the teaching process and their reflections on learning. The research provides information for further intervention in improving teaching strategies.
Current and wave dynamics in the shallow subtidal: implications to the ecology of understory and surface-canopy kelps

Current and wave properties were studied in the semi-protected waters of the San Juan Archipelago, Washington, at 6 shallow subtidal sites chosen to include a wide range of variability in exposure to both tidal currents and waves. Within each site, 4 to 6 plots measuring roughly 50 to 100 m 2 each were established on nearly horizontal rock platforms at mean depths ranging from 6.1 to 11.0 m, with most plots at mean depths of 7.0 to 9.2 m. Plots were established nominally to minimize within-site variability in hydrodynamics, and were locations of several species of kelp (reported in a companion paper). For more than a year replicate measurements of flow and pressure (mean depth and wave signals) were collected at all sites in 2 Hz bursts 25 cm above the substratum, a height relative to understory kelps, providing a unique, detailed spatial and temporal characterization of a shallow subtidal hydrodynamic regime pertinent to these plants. Despite the intended similarity of plots within sites, local-flow microhabitat remained substantial at scales relative to understory plants, and largely ameliorated differences in tidal signals among most sites. Greater than 50 % of the spatial variability in maximum tidal current speed, and 31 to 44 % of the variance in the duration of periods of calm flow (speeds consistently <20 cm s -1 ), occurred within sites at scales of meters, and not at the larger (km) scales that separated sites. In contrast, wave effects at 7 to 11 m depth were predictable spatially. Significant wave impacts were recorded only at 2 sites characterized by a large, open fetch. Wave-dominated flows were recorded by replicate sensors multiple times within both of these sites, and the strongest instantaneous wave speeds approached 150 to 200 cm s -1 . Maximum wave-generated speeds recorded just above the substratum at these 2 sites were ∼2 to 3x maximum tidal currents. These results help to explain patterns noted in concurrent studies of the population dynamics and morphology of several species of kelp.
Cattlemen’s Day I995 EFFECTS OF GRAZING SYSTEM AND USE OF A PASTURE-PHASE IMPLANT ON GRAZING AND FINISHING PERFORMANCE OF STEERS

Results are presented from the first year of a 2-year study to evaluate the effects of grazing system (intensive-early stocking or IES vs season-long grazing or SLG) with or without a pasture-phase implant (Synovex-S ®) on grazin g and subsequent finishing performance. Compared to a SLG system, IES resulted in faster rate of gain on pasture and more beef produced per acre, although SLG resulted in greater total pasture gain per animal. Implanting improved rate of gain and increased beef per acre, particularly for IES steers. In the feedlot, IES steers gained weight faster and more efficiently than SLG steers. However, SLG steers had greater final live weights and carcass weights at a common backfat thickness . Pasture-phase implanting did not affect feedlot performance. For heavier SLG steers, final feedlot weights combined with a higher proportion of total gain being made on pasture offset their slower gains and higher cost of production. Implanting IES steers prior to grazing resulted in a numerical improvement in final feedlot weight and net return.
The Decrease in Yielding Capacity in Advanced Generations of Hybrid Corn 1

T HE exclusive use of first generation seed for the production of hybrid corn runs counter to the traditional practice of the farmer who is accustomed to saving his own supply. The generally superior performance of tested and adapted hybrids greatly enhances the temptation to take seed from the crop; and, in some cases at least, the rather attractive appearance of the advanced generations themselves tends to mask the decline in productivity which has occurred. As a basis for efficient practice, it is important, therefore, that a wellfounded body of fact be established concerning the value of first generation hybrid seed as compared with that taken from later generations. Wright (4) ’~ has pointed out that "a random-bred stock derived
A retrospective evaluation of elements of the EU VAT system - Final Report

European business services has witnessed about two decades of virtual productivity stagnation. The paper investigates whether this is caused by weak dynamic market selection. The time pattern of scale-related inefficiencies is used as an indicator for the effectiveness of market selection. We use a DEA method to construct the productivity frontier by sub-sector and size class, for business services in 13 EU countries. From this we derive scale economies and their development over time. Between 1999 and 2005 we observe a persistence of scale inefficiencies and X-inefficiencies , with scale efficiency falling rather than growing over time. This indicates malfunctioning competitive selection. The time pattern of inefficiencies is significantly explained by regulatory policies that hamper entry and exit dynamics and labour adjustment, and by a lack of import penetration. The results suggest that policy reform and more market openness will have positive productivity effects. This holds for business services itself, but also wider, because of business services’ products are widely used as intermediary inputs in other parts of the European economy.
Morrison-Kawamata cone conjecture for hyperkahler manifolds

Let $M$ be a simple holomorphically symplectic manifold, that is, a simply connected holomorphically symplectic manifold of Kahler type with $h^{2,0}=1$. We prove that the group of holomorphic automorphisms of $M$ acts on the set of faces of its Kahler cone with finitely many orbits, whenever $b_2(M)\neq 5$. This is a version of the Morrison-Kawamata cone conjecture for hyperkahler manifolds. The proof is based on the following observation, proven with ergodic theory. Let $M$ be a complete Riemannian orbifold of dimension at least three, constant negative curvature and finite volume, and $\{S_i\}$ an infinite set of locally geodesic hypersurfaces. Then the union of $S_i$ is dense in $M$.
Opportunities for Increased Production, Utilization and Income Generation from African Leafy Vegetables in Zambia

In order to promote the production and marketing of African Leafy Vegetables (ALVs) and help realize their potential as sources of food and income, a case study was undertaken under the IPGRI programme on ALVs. The study was aimed at determining the priority ALVs and assessing their status in terms of genetic diversity, production, processing and marketing through a household survey. Three communities of Hoffmeyer, Subcentre and Chikumbi in Nyimba, Siavonga and Chibombo districts respectively were covered. Information was gathered from 280 households across the communities through participatory rural appraisal using guided household interviews and focused group discussions. Amaranthus spp. Wild spinach (English) Bboonko (Tonga), Libondwe (Lenje), Bondwe (Nyanja); Cleome gynandra Cat’s whiskers, spiderplant (English), Shungwa/ Luyuni-yuni (Tonga), Lubanga (Lenje), Suntha (Nyanja); Abelmoschus esculentus, Okra (English), Mudelele/ Mutezi (Tonga), Delele/ Mulembwe (Lenje), Delele (Nyanja); Brassica carinata, Ethiopian Mustard (English) Tanta a chulu/ Chishu chituba (Tonga), Mupilu/ Nchembele (Lenje), Mupilu (Nyanja) and Cucurbita spp. , Pumpkin (English) Bboobbo, Lutanga, Muchile (Tonga), Buchisa bwa nyungu (Lenje), Chiwawa, Mthopo (Njanja) were identified as priority ALVs. It was found that within species variability based on morphological markers of the target ALVs was generally low except for Abelmoschus esculentus and Cucurbita spp which had more than three known varieties. Although 63% of households cultivated both ALVs and exotic vegetables, 33% of the households cultivated ALVs while only 4% exclusively grew exotic vegetables. Farm saved seed for all ALVs except Abelmoschus esculentus was used by 81% of households across communities while 10% obtained their seed from neighbours/relatives within their communities. Direct sowing was the commonest planting method while the application of organic manure to the crop was prominent in Subcentre followed by Chikumbi. Application of mineral fertilizers to ALVs was uncommon practice except in Abelmoschus esculentus. It was revealed that the most preserved ALVs were Abelmoschus esculentus and Cucurbita spp. Open markets and supermarkets in Lusaka sold ALVs such as Abelmoschus esculentus, Amaranthus spp and Cucurbita spp. The main sources of these vegetables in Lusaka were local farmers in the peri-urban areas of the town. A total of 33 different recipes and eleven preservation methods for ALVs were documented across communities while 7 recipes were documented from commercial restaurants. The ALVs play an increasing role in the diets and as source of income for many households and efforts required for stimulating production include improvements in access to improved varieties and availability of urban markets.
The Limits of Trust in Economic Transactions - Investigations of Perfect Reputation Systems

As the Internet economy has grown, so too has the need for trust. A degree of trust is a critical ingredient in virtually all economic relationships, Internet or otherwise. Every day we choose to trust plumbers, doctors, employers, employees, teachers, airlines, and others. The need for trust arises from the fact that we cannot contract on every move other's make. And what we can contract on is often prohibitively costly to enforce. The anonymity of geographically dispersed Internet traders increases contracting difficulties: You may not be able to identify your eBay seller or verify the quality of the object being sold, let alone get your money back.
Wave fluxes of equatorial Kelvin waves and QBO zonal wind forcing derived from SABER and ECMWF temperature space-time spectra

Abstract. The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of the zonal mean zonal wind is a dynamical phenomenon of the tropical middle atmosphere. Influences of the QBO can even be found at mid and high latitudes. It is widely accepted that the phase descent of alternating tropical easterlies and westerlies is driven by atmospheric waves of both global scale (equatorial wave modes like Kelvin, equatorial Rossby, Rossby-gravity, or inertia-gravity waves), as well as mesoscale gravity waves. However, the relative distribution of the different types of waves to the forcing of the QBO winds is highly uncertain. This is the case because until recently there were no high resolution long-term global measurements in the stratosphere. In our study we estimate Kelvin wave momentum flux and the contribution of zonal wind forcing by Kelvin waves based on space-time spectra determined from both Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature measurements as well as temperatures from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analyses. Peak values of total Kelvin wave zonal wind forcing found are about 0.2 m/s/day. There is good agreement between SABER and ECMWF results. Altitude-time cross sections are shown and the results are compared to the total wave forcing required to balance the background atmosphere. Sometimes Kelvin wave forcing is sufficient to explain almost the whole total wave forcing required for the momentum balance during the transition from QBO easterly to westerly winds. This is especially the case during the periods of strong westerly wind shear when the zonal wind is between −20 and 10 m/s at the equator in the altitude range 20 to 35 km. During other parts of the phases of strong westerly wind shear, however, the contribution of Kelvin waves can be comparably low and the missing wave forcing, which is often attributed to mesoscale gravity waves or intermediate scale waves, can be the by far dominant contribution of the QBO forcing. It is also found that seasonal variations of Kelvin wave accelerations could play an important role for the maintenance of the QBO westerly wind jets in the lower stratosphere.
Corporate social responsibility and the classical theory of the firm: Are both theories irreconcilable?

There has been a lot of discussion about corporate social responsibility (CSR) during these last decades. Neoclassical authors support the idea that CSR is not compatible with the objective of profit maximization, and defenders of CSR argue that, in these times of globalization and network economies, the idea of a company managed just to meet shareholders' interests does not support itself. However, beyond this discussion, how can CSR affect firms' market value? If we found a positive relationship between these variables, we could conclude that the two theories are reconcilable and the objective of profit maximization, perhaps, should satisfy not only shareholders' interests, but also stakeholders'. We review previous literature and propose a model to analyze how CSR affects firms' market value.
Role of the nurse in preventing or reducing increase intracranial pressure following craniotomy

Background : Increase intracranial pressure following craniotomy is common and different measures should be taken to prevent or treat it promptly. Aim : Preventing or reducing increase intracranial pressure following craniotomy. Research design : Quasi-experimental. Subjects and methods : All nurses (26) in neurosurgery department at Assiut Neurological, Psychiatric and Neurosurgery University Hospital, in addition to a sample of 124 patients after craniotomy. Control group (62 adult patients before implementing the nursing educational program) and study group (62 adult patients after implementing the nursing educational program). Nurses’ knowledge and practice were assessed before and after implementation of the nursing educational program. Tools: Structured questionnaire to assess nurses` demographic data and knowledge about intracranial pressure, observation checklist for nurses` practice, patients’ assessment sheet, and teaching booklet for nurses about postoperative increase intracranial pressure. Results : Highly significant differences were found as regarding nurses` knowledge and nurses` practice pre and post implementing the nursing educational program. Significant difference was found between study and control groups as regarding increase intracranial pressure following craniotomy. Conclusion : Nursing educational program had a significant effect on preventing or reducing postoperative increase intracranial pressure. Recommendation : Nurses should have continuous education through programs, workshops, seminars and/or training courses to maintain high quality care.
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE CAREXJAMESII COMPLEX (CYPERACEAE: SÉCT. PHYLLOSTACHYAE ) WITH INSIGHTS INTO THE EVOLUTION AND ORIGIN OF THE NEWLY DESCRIBED SPECIES CAREX TIMIDA

The Carex jamesii complex is composed of three species: C. jamesii, C. juniperorum, and C. timida. Despite the morphological similarity of C. jamesii and C. timida, these two taxa are not closely linked in a cluster analysis using genetic identity values. Rather, C. timida is grouped with C. juniperorum. The close genetic similarity between these two species confirms the findings of a previous phylogenetic study that showed that C. juniperorum and C. timida are sister species. Carex timida populations from the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas are genetically unique and blur the distinctiveness between the latter species and C. juniperorum. Such a finding could be a sampling artifact. Alternatively, the plants found in the Ouachita Mountains may be closest to the ancestor that gave rise to C. juniperorum and C. timida. A comparison of genetic, phylogenetic, and phenetic relationships provides insights into the delineation of infraspecific taxa and justification for the recognition of C. timida at the species level.