Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different Orientations to Teaching Science and its Relation to the Discursive Interactions

One of the most important models for the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), proposed by Magnusson and collaborators, has the “Orientation to Teaching Science” (OTS) on the top of the model. Such model has recently received several critiques due to its lack of empirical corroboration. To solve those issues, Wongsopawiro developed a new approach to them. This paper aims to explore the correlation between these two ways to classify the OTS and its relation to the Discursive Interaction. Through a mixed model approach, a case study was developed with a chemistry preservice teacher who had his class recorded and coded. The correlation between the codes was verified and showed that Wongsopawiro’s and Magnusson’s orientations possess strong interconnections. Finally, it was possible to establish a relation between Discursive interaction and Goals & Intended Strategies, being the Interactive/Authoritative Approach present above all others.
Relationships between terrestrial gastropod distribution and soil properties in Galicia ( NW Spain )

This study investigated the influence of edaphic factors on the distribution of 17 terrestrial gastropod species over a large area of the northwest Iberian Peninsula. A total of 498 gastropod/soil samples were obtained, and a total of 19 edaphic variables determined. The resulting data matrix was analysed by detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA). Our results indicate that the gastropods of the study area can be grouped on two types of criteria: first, chemical criteria (notably pH, cation exchange capacity, and Al content), and secondly physical criteria (notably texture and moisture content). In view of distribution with respect to these factors, two well-defined groups can be identified: one comprising Acanthinula aculeata , Euconulus fulvus , Punctum pygmaeum , Columella asperaandOxychilus alliariuspreferring coarse-textured acid soils, the other comprisingCochlicopa lubrica, Vertigo pygmaea , Zonitoides excavatus , Carychium tridentatum, Deroceras reticulatum andDeroceras lombricoides preferring wetter, finer-textured, less acid soils. Arion intermediusandPonentina subvirescens were in general indifferent to the edaphic factors considered. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
When Group Memberships are Negative: The Concept, Measurement, and Behavioral Implications of Psychological Disidentification

This research introduces a multi-component model of ingroup disidentification that distinguishes three disidentification components (detachment, dissatisfaction, and dissimilarity). In Studies 1a (N = 168) and 1b (N = 215), the authors developed a measurement scale that assesses these components, and examined alternative factorial structures. Study 2 (N = 115) provides evidence that the disidentification scale performs better at distinguishing between disidentification and nonidentification than an established identification scale. Using additional data from Studies 1b and 2, Studies 3a and 3b examined emotions and behavioral intentions as correlates of disidentification and revealed that the disidentification components predict negative ingroup-directed behavioral intentions (active harm, passive harm, and passive facilitation) and identity concealment over and above measures of identification. Theoretical implications for research on social stigma and social change are discussed.
Social Support and Personal Agency in At-Risk Mothers

This study investigated: a) mothers' use and satisfaction with informal and formal supports in at-risk psychosocial contexts, and b) the relationships between satisfaction with help and the mothers' per- ception of their role (personal agency). Self-report data about the use and satisfaction with sources of help, and levels of internal control, self-efficacy, couple agreement, role difficulty and motivation for change were obtained from 519 mothers referred by Social Services and 519 non-referred mothers. Results indi- cated that at-risk mothers relied less upon close informal support and more on formal support than non at- risk mothers. They were also more satisfied with the formal sources of support and had lower levels of per- sonal agency. There were beneficial effects of satisfaction with informal help and school support on sev- eral aspects of personal agency for both groups. However, satisfaction with school and social services sup- port had a detrimental effect on couple agreement in the at-risk group. Implications of the results for pro- viding social support to at-risk families are discussed. Keywords: at-risk families, informal and formal use and source satisfaction, personal agency, social sup-
Estimation of sea level rise and storm surge risks along the coast of Estonia, Baltic Sea - a tool for coastal management

The aim of the paper is to present statistical analysis of the sea level data obtained from the Estonian coastal tide gauges over the period 1842–2009, to assess storm surge risks and to discuss climate change related mitigation and management issues in the coastal zone of Estonia. Long-term variations of both mean and extreme sea level values were studied in the Eastern section of the nearly tideless Baltic Sea. Influenced by postglacial land uplift, the series of relative sea level displayed slightly varying trends. The remarkably steep rise in annual maximum sea levels (2–12 mm/yr) could be explained by the local response to the changing regional wind climate. Due to its windward location, the sea level variations in the semi-enclosed study area are sensitive to the changes in cyclonic activity. Maximum value analysis revealed that in case of the south-westerly exposed Parnu Bay, two storm surge events (253 in 1967 and 275 cm in 2005) were inconsistent with the theoretical distributions, which indicate that, in some locations, the most extreme sea level events are hardly predictable by means of return statistics. The parameters of maximum expected storm surges were estimated on the basis of hydrodynamic modelling.
Morphology of Nanocelluloses and Micro-sized Cellulose Fibers Isolated by Acid Hydrolysis Method

As a part of utilizing the nanocellulose (NC) from lignocellulosic components of wood biomass, this paper reports preliminary results on the products of sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology of both NC and micro-sized cellulose fiber (MCF) isolated by acid hydrolysis from commercial microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Field emission? scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to observe the acid hydrolysis suspension, NC, and MCF. The electron microscopy observations showed that the acid hydrolysis suspension, before separation into NC and MCF by centrifugation, was composed of nano-sized NCs and micro-sized MCFs. The morphology of isolated NCs was a whisker form of rod-like NCs. Measurements of individual NCs using TEM indicated dimensions of 6.96 ± 0.87 ㎚ wide by 178 ± 55 ㎚ long. Observations of the MCFs showed that most of the MCC particles had de-fibered into relatively long fibers with a diameter of 3? 9 μm, depending on the degree of acid hydrolysis. These results suggest that proper technologies are required to effectively realize the potentials of both NCs and MCFs.
Mapping the Nonstationary Internal Tide with Satellite Altimetry

Temporal variability of the internal tide has been inferred from the 23 year long combined records of the TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and Jason-2 satellite altimeters by combining harmonic analysis with an analysis of along-track wavenumber spectra of sea-surface height (SSH). Conventional harmonic analysis is first applied to estimate and remove the stationary components of the tide at each point along the reference ground tracks. The wavenumber spectrum of the residual SSH is then computed, and the variance in a neighborhood around the wavenumber of the mode-1 baroclinic M2 tide is interpreted as the sum of noise, broadband nontidal processes, and the nonstationary tide. At many sites a bump in the spectrum associated with the internal tide is noted, and an empirical model for the noise and nontidal processes is used to estimate the nonstationary semidiurnal tidal variance. The results indicate a spatially inhomogeneous pattern of tidal variability. Nonstationary tides are larger than stationary tides throughout much of the equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Determinants of Economic Dependency on Garbage: The Case of Payatas, Philippines

Poverty remains at the forefront of worldwide concern. Poor communities continue to emerge in marginal places like dumpsites. This study determined economic dependency and assessed the determinants of dependency on garbage in the Payatas Dumpsite, Philippines. About 841 householders in the “with dumpsite” and “without dumpsite” communities of the Payatas estate were systematically sampled and interviewed. Unobtrusive and participant observations were conducted to supplement survey findings. Regression analysis disclosed the determinants of dependency. About 38.90% of respondents were economically dependent on the Payatas Dumpsite, where they work either as scavengers, vendors, or junkshop operators. Significant determinants of dependency were gender, distance to the dumpsite, and education (P < 0.05). All economically dependent activities (scavenging, vending, and operating junkshop) at the Payatas Dumpsite are lucrative in terms of the earned net income, and this dependency is greatly influenced by their distance to the dumpsite, gender, and education.
The spectroscopic evolution of the recurrent nova T Pyxidis during its 2011 outburst - III. The ultraviolet development from iron curtain through the post-X-ray turnoff

We continue the analysis of the multiwavelength evolution of the recurrent nova T Pyx during its 2011 outburst, focussing on the spectral development on the 1150–3000 Å region. This extraordinary data set presents the longest temporal baseline high resolution view of the ultraviolet for any nova to date (classical or recurrent). The observations cover the early Fe-curtain stage, when the UV was completely optically thick, to 834 days after discovery when the outburst was effectively over. We present an analysis of dynamics and abundances of the interstellar species whose resonance lines are accessible in the UV. The Lyα profile is consistent with only interstellar absorption at all epochs and agrees with the H I 21 cm column density. The distance obtained to T Pyx is about 5 kpc, based on the ISM analysis. For the ejecta evolution we have been able to follow the changes in ionization and structure with previously unobtained resolution and cadence. The excited state isoelectronic transitions of C III, N IV], and O V displayed the same detached absorption lines as the optical He I transitions during the optical maximum. This is explained as resonance absorption within the ejecta of FUV ground state lines from the 300–1000 Å range. The resonance lines of all species showed absorption components between –1000 and –3000 km s−1 as soon as the Fe-curtain turned transparent (from day 105); these persisted at the same velocities and varied in strength from one ion to another through day 834. The last ultraviolet spectrum, taken more than 800 days after outburst, showed the same absorption lines on N V and C IV as day 105. There was no evidence of circumstellar absorbers. This and the related observations of profile evolution effectively rule out any wind model for the spectrum. The picture that emerges is of ejecta that became optically thin after visual maximum as the X-ray emission became visible following an outwardly propagating ionization front and for which the ionization stages froze because of ejecta expansion after the end of the soft X-ray illumination.
PHENYLETHANOID GLYCOSIDES FROM BARLERIA CRISTATA L. CALLUS CULTURES

Three phenylethanoid glycosides viz; -[(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]-(4′′-O-caffeoyl)--D-glucoside (desrhamnosylacteoside) (1),  -[(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]-(3′′-O-Lrhamnosyl)-(4′′-O-caffeoyl)- -D-glucoside (acteoside) (2) and  -[(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]-(3′′,6′′-O-L-dirhamnosyl)-(4′′-O-caffeoyl)- -D-glucoside (poliumoside) (3) were isolatedand identified from the callus cultures of Barleria cristata L.The structures of the isolatedcompounds were established by spectroscopic evidence (UV, 1D and 2D-NMR and ESIMS),further confirmation has been done by comparison with authentic samples. The amount ofcompounds 1-3 were determined in the callus culture using HPLC.
Effect of tillage and crop on arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization of winter wheat and triticale under Mediterranean conditions

Large‐scale inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is generally impractical in most regions and we have little understanding of the factors that determine inoculation success. Nevertheless, the ability to take full advantage of indigenous AMF for sustainable production needs to be developed within cropping systems. We used part of a long‐term field experiment to understand the influence of tillage and the preceding crop on AMF colonization over the growing season. Arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization rate was more affected by treatment (tillage or the combination of crop and preceding crop) than by the total number of AMF spores in the soil. Conventional tillage (CT) had a statistically significant negative effect (P ≤ 0.05) on spore numbers isolated from the soil, but only in the first year of study. However, the AMF colonization rate was significantly reduced by CT, and the roots of wheat, Triticum aestivum, L, cv. Coa after sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. , were less well colonized than were those of triticale, X Triticosecale Wittmack, cv. Alter after wheat, but the affect of tillage was more pronounced than was the effect of crop combination. Under no‐till there was a significant increase in AMF colonization rate throughout the sampling period in both wheat and triticale, indicating that the extraradical mycelium previously produced acted as a source of inoculum. In general, triticale showed greater AMF colonization than wheat, despite the preceding crop being less mycotrophic. Under these experimental conditions, typical of Mediterranean agricultural systems, AMF colonization responded more strongly to tillage practices than to the combination of crop and preceding crop.
The effect of salt stress on growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence systems in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive bean genotypes

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses which affect the metabolism of plant cells and reduce plant productivity. The differences in the antioxidant defense systems under salinity among two bean genotypes differing in salt tolerance were investigated. It seems that the difference between the genotypes in response to salinity is more quantitative rather than qualitative since they develop the same strategies with a significant variation in the rate of synthesis and accumulation. For both genotypes, salinity induced a marked reduction in dry matter gain in roots and shoots along with a secondary oxidative stress in plants as indicated by the significant increase in malondialdehyde contents. Besides, all the photosynthetic pigments decreased gradually with the rise of salinity. However, salinity failed to induce appreciable variations in the production of total phenolic compounds in leaves of bean except in the salt-sensitive genotype under high salinity. The salt-tolerant genotype may have a better protection against oxidative damages by increasing, more than the salt-sensitive genotype, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the amounts of total flavonoids and ascorbic acid under high salinity. These results indicate that bean genotypes respond to salt induced oxidative stress by enzymatic defense systems.
Comparing two burnout interventions: Perceived job control mediates decreases in burnout.

This quasi-experimental study compared the effects of two rehabilitation interventions on burnout, and perceived job conditions during a one-year intervention among female white-collar workers. The participatory intervention (n = 20), involving rehabilitation activities focusing on the individual as well as individual-organizational levels, reduced exhaustion and cynicism and increased perceived job control during a one-year period. Increased job control served as a mechanism through which exhaustion and cynicism decreased in this intervention. The traditional intervention (n = 32), involving rehabilitation activities focusing mainly on the individual level, resulted in a reduction in time pressures during one year. Furthermore, both interventions improved perceived workplace climate. Compared to the traditional approach, the participatory intervention was a more effective strategy for treating burnout.
Motion of a rigid particle in a rotating viscous flow: an integral equation approach

A boundary integral method is presented for analysing particle motion in a rotating fluid for flows where the Taylor number ${\cal T}$ is arbitrary and the Reynolds number is small. The method determines the surface traction and drag on a particle, and also the velocity field at any location in the fluid. Numerical results show that the dimensionless drag on a spherical particle translating along the rotation axis of an unbounded fluid is determined by the empirical formula $D/6\pi = 1+(4/7){\cal T}^{1/2}+(8/9\pi){\cal T}$, which incorporates known results for the low and high Taylor number limits. Streamline portraits show that a critical Taylor number ${\cal T}_c\ap 50$ exists at which the character of the flow changes. For ${\cal T} < {\cal T}_c$ the flow field appears as a perturbation of a Stokes flow with a superimposed swirling motion. For ${\cal T} > {\cal T}_c$ the flow field develops two detached recirculating regions of trapped fluid located fore and aft of the particle. The recirculating regions grow in size and move farther from the particle with increasing Taylor number. This recirculation functions to deflect fluid away from the translating particle, thereby generating a columnar flow structure. The flow between the recirculating regions and the particle has a plug-like velocity profile, moving slightly slower than the particle and undergoing a uniform swirling motion. The flow in this region is matched to the particle velocity in a thin Ekman layer adjacent to the particle surface. A further study examines the translation of spheroidal particles. For large Taylor numbers, the drag is determined by the equatorial radius; details of the body shape are less important.
Coupled climate model simulations of Mediterranean winter cyclones and large-scale flow patterns

Abstract. The study aims to evaluate the ability of global, coupled climate models to reproduce the synoptic regime of the Mediterranean Basin. The output of simulations of the 9 models included in the IPCC CMIP3 effort is compared to the NCEP-NCAR reanalyzed data for the period 1961–1990. The study examined the spatial distribution of cyclone occurrence, the mean Mediterranean upper- and lower-level troughs, the inter-annual variation and trend in the occurrence of the Mediterranean cyclones, and the main large-scale circulation patterns, represented by rotated EOFs of 500 hPa and sea level pressure. The models reproduce successfully the two maxima in cyclone density in the Mediterranean and their locations, the location of the average upper- and lower-level troughs, the relative inter-annual variation in cyclone occurrences and the structure of the four leading large scale EOFs. The main discrepancy is the models' underestimation of the cyclone density in the Mediterranean, especially in its western part. The models' skill in reproducing the cyclone distribution is found correlated with their spatial resolution, especially in the vertical. The current improvement in model spatial resolution suggests that their ability to reproduce the Mediterranean cyclones would be improved as well.
Impact of soil chemical properties on rice yield in 116 paddy fields sampled from a large-scale farm in Kinki Region, Japan

Japan is in urgent need to reduce the production costs through increasing rice yield, which depends highly on soil fertility. This study aimed to investigate determinants of rice yield, from the perspectives of fertilizer nitrogen and soil chemical properties. The data were sampled in 2014 and 2015, from 116 paddy fields, on a large-scale farm located in the Kinki Region of Japan. The rice included Koshihikari and other seven varieties, cultivated in conventional, special and organic regimes. The nine soil chemical properties included pH, cation exchange capacity, ammonium nitrogen, effective phosphoric and silicic acid, saturation of base elements, exchangeable potassium, lime and magnesia. Multiple regression analysis indicated that positive effects were identified for silicic acid, exchangeable potassium, and ammonium nitrogen; while phosphoric acid affects the yield negatively, controlling the rice variety, cultivation regime, and field area. Finally, countermeasures were put forward to improve soil fertility and rice yield.
Brain Activation and Psychophysiologic Interaction in Association with a Phonological Working Memory Task

Brain activation within, and psychophysiologic interaction between, significantly activated regions in the brain obtained from a phonological working memory experiment on a single participant were studied. Given that working memory and speech processing are key functions of human behaviour, this type of investigation is of fundamental importance to our understanding of brain-behaviour relationships. The study objectives were to determine the areas that respond significantly to a phonological working memory task and to investigate the influence of babble noise on their activation and the psychophysiologic interactions (PPI) between the source region and those activated areas. Three conditions were used during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans which were working memory in quiet (WMQ), working memory in noise (WMN) and listening to babble noise (N). More voxels are activated in the right temporal lobe than in the left during N condition due to the non-speech stimulus. However, a higher mean stimulus efficacy (? ) of the point of maximum intensity in the left temporal lobe causes its signal intensity to be higher than in the right temporal lobe. Both the WMQ and WMN conditions resulted in similar activated regions in the brain but with a higher number of activated voxels (NOV) during WMQ for the right hemispheric areas in association with the working memory task. This is due to the sensitivity of those regions in perceiving and performing the phonological working memory task in quiet to a level that actually exceeds the activation enhancement commonly associated with the performance of working memory task in noise. This is supported by the PPI results that performing the working memory task is less influenced by noise for that particular brain region.