Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1-D non-periodic homogenization for the seismic wave equation

When considering numerical acoustic or elastic wave propagation in media containing small heterogeneities with respect to the minimum wavelength of the wavefield, being able to upscale physical properties (or homogenize them) is valuable mainly for two reasons. First, replacing the original discontinuous and very heterogeneous medium by a smooth and more simple one, is a judicious alternative to the necessary fine and difficult meshing of the original medium required by many wave equation solvers. Second, it helps to understand what properties of a medium are really ‘seen' by the wavefield propagating through, which is an important aspect in an inverse problem approach. This paper is an attempt of a pedagogical introduction to non-periodic homogenization in 1-D, allowing to find the effective wave equation and effective physical properties, of the elastodynamics equation in a highly heterogeneous medium. It can be extrapolated from 1-D to a higher space dimensions. This development can be seen as an extension of the classical two-scale homogenization theory applied to the elastic wave equation in periodic media, with this limitation that it does not hold beyond order 1 in the asymptotic expansion involved in the classical theory.
Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness of Pygmy Hunter-Gatherers living in the African Rainforests

Pygmy hunter-gatherers living in the tropical rainforests of central africa have attracted the attention of anthropologists for many decades because they are extremely short in stature. the investigation of their nutritional status and physical fitness can offer important information for the interpreting corresponding data from all human populations; however, quantitative nutritional and physical fitness surveys of Pygmy hunter-gatherers have been limited. the nutritional status of 23 male and 24 female Pygmy hunter-gatherers (Baka) was surveyed, and their physical fitness was examined by performing heart rate measurements at 2 resting positions (sitting and standing) and 2 exercise levels (step-test, 15 and 30 steps/min). the average stature was intermediate relative to other Pygmy hunter-gatherers, and the participants were generally well nourished. in more than 85% of the participants, the body mass index (BMi; kg/m2) was within the normal range (18.5 ≤ BMi < 25.0). the results of correlation analyses between anthropometrical indices and physical fitness indicators show that taller and heavier (especially in fat-free mass) subjects were significantly fitter than shorter and lighter subjects. in addition, skinfold thickness and body fat were negatively associated with physical fitness.
Understanding Firm Response to Environmental Issues: Application of the Natural Resource Base View to Climate Change

The natural based view of the firm using Hart (1995) is applied to firm responses in the Carbon Disclose Project (CDP) database. A large cross sectional sample (n=573) of North American and European firms is divided into 3 categories of proactivity to the climate change issue using 8 indicators of four resource domains. Results are presented along geographic and size dimensions.
The 6dF Galaxy Survey: baryon acoustic oscillations and the local Hubble constant

We analyse the large-scale correlation function of the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS) and detect a baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) signal at 105h −1 Mpc. The 6dFGS BAO detection allows us to constrain the distance–redshift relation at zeff = 0.106. We achieve a distance measure of DV (zeff) = 457 ± 27 Mpc and a measurement of the distance ratio, rs(zd)/DV (zeff) = 0.336 ± 0.015 (4.5 per cent precision), where rs(zd) is the sound horizon at the drag epoch zd . T he loweffective redshift of 6dFGS makes it a competitive and independent alternative to Cepheids and low-z supernovae in constraining the Hubble constant. We find a Hubble constant of H0 = 67 ± 3.2 km s −1 Mpc −1 (4.8 per cent precision) that depends only on theWilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe-7 (WMAP-7) calibration of the sound horizon and on the galaxy clustering in 6dFGS. Compared to earlier BAO studies at higher redshift, our analysis is less dependent on other cosmological parameters. The sensitivity to H0 can be used to break the degeneracy between the dark energy equation of state parameter w and H0 in the cosmic microwave background data. We determine that w =− 0.97 ± 0.13, using only WMAP-7 and BAO data from both 6dFGS and Percival et al. (2010). We also discuss predictions for the large-scale correlation function of two future wide-angle surveys: the Wide field ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind surveY (WALLABY) blind H I survey (with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder, ASKAP) and the proposed Transforming Astronomical Imaging surveys through Polychromatic Analysis of Nebulae (TAIPAN) all-southern-sky optical galaxy survey with the UK Schmidt Telescope. We find that both surveys are very likely to yield detections of the BAO peak, making WALLABY the first radio galaxy survey to do so. We also predict that TAIPAN has the potential to constrain the Hubble constant with 3 per cent precision.
CHEMICAL WEED MANAGEMENT IN GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus grandiflorus)

An experiment was carried out for three consecutive years from 2011 to 2013 at Floricultural Research Station, Hyderabad to find out efficient and economically feasible chemicals for weed control in Gladiolus. Among four pre- emergence herbicides i.e Atrazine, Metribuzin, Butachlor and Pendimethalin each at two different concentrations, the highest weed control efficiency at 75 DAP(63.7%) was achieved with Pendimethalin applied at 1 kg a.i/ha followed by Metribuzin 0.5 kg a.i /ha (63.2%). Though Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i/ha was effective in controlling the weeds as well as promoting growth and flower quality of the crop, the highest gross monetary returns per hectare and maximum B:C ratio was achieved with Butachlor@1.5kga.i/ha with highest corm yield of 1,66,250 corms per ha.
Determining Potential Sites for Runoff Water Harvesting using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems-Based Modeling in Sinai

Problem statement: Sinai is increasingly suffering from an overwhelming water crisis. Runoff Water Harvesting (RWH) could be a solution for this problem. The determined promising drainage basins for RWH could be used by the decision makers to propose appropriate controlling systems to overcome the problem of water scarcity and for implementing runoff farming and rain-fed agriculture. Approach: Remote sensing, geographic information systems, watershed modeling system were integrated to extract a multi-criteria-decision support system of nine thematic layers, namely; volume of annual flood, lineaments frequency density, drainage frequency density, maximum flow distance, basin area, basin slope, basin length, average overland flow distance and soil infiltration. These criteria were used for conducting a Weighted Spatial Probability Modeling (WSPM) to determine the potential areas for the RWH. The potential runoff available for harvesting was estimated by applying Finkel-SCS rainfall-runoff methods. Results: The WSPM classified Sinai into four classes that graded from high (3,201-6,695 km2), moderate (35,923-35,896 km2), low (13,185-16,652 km2), very low (1.38-5.57 km2) for RWH. Promising watersheds like those of Abu Taryfya, Hamma El Hassana, Gerafi, Watir, Geraia, Heridien, Sidri, Feiran and Alaawag, are categorized as high-moderate RWH potential basins. Conclusion: These basins could be investigated in detail with larger scale to determine the appropriate locations for implementing the RWH structures and techniques. Implementing systems and techniques of RWH in the potential watersheds could open new opportunities for sustainable development in the area.
Criteria for evaluating the performance of linear frequency transposition in children

One of the most challenging hearing loss configurations that audiologists face in working with children is a precipitously sloping sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), such as that resulting from treatment with ototoxic agents. This audiometric configuration often limits access to high-frequency (HF) acoustic cues, which may interfere with the child’s ability to learn to categorize sounds into their morphological contexts and to eventually reproduce them. It has been shown that high-frequency acoustic cues impact speech-recognition abilities even for normal-hearing children.1 Children with hearing loss are more affected by limited HFs in terms of speech recognition,1,2 and may also exhibit errors in morphology such as plural markers and verb tense (e.g., cow vs. cows and jump vs. jumps). 3 Fortunately, amplification options suitable for such a challenging hearing loss configuration may be available. One example is the linear frequency transposition algorithm utilized in the Widex Inteo, called the Audibility Extender (AE). Clinicians treating children with such hearing losses may consider these strategies when conventional amplification fails to provide sufficient HF information for the perception of high-frequency speech sounds, such as /s/. Because of the uniqueness of this processing algorithm, the typical evaluation protocol applicable to conventional hearing aids may require modification when it comes to assessing performance with the AE. In this article, we describe the evaluative measures used to validate the performance of the AE algorithm for two children. They are 2 of a group of 10 children whose performance with the AE was systematically studied. Results of the group as a whole, which were similar to the cases described herein, will be reported in the future. These cases are presented because they describe evaluative tools and performance of children with different hearing loss configurations, in different developmental stages, and with different test-taking, attention, and reading skills.
Methodological challenges for the large N study of local participatory experiences: combining methods

In this article we analyse the effects of different data collection strategies in the study of local participatory experiences in a region of Spain (Andalusia). We examine the divergences and similarities between the data collected using different methods, as well as the implications for the reliability of the data. We have collected participatory experiences through two parallel processes: a survey of municipalities and web content mining. The survey of municipalities used two complementary strategies: an online questionnaire and a CATI follow-up for those municipalities that had not answered our first online contact attempt. Both processes (survey and data mining) were applied to the same sample of municipalities, but provided significantly different images of the characteristics of Andalusia’s participatory landscape. The goal of this work is to discuss the different types of biases introduced by each data collection procedure and their implications for substantive analyses.
Ants’ Capability of Adding Numbers of Identical Elements

Knowing that the workers of the ant Myrmica sabuleti can distinguish different numbers of elements and have a basic notion of zero, we here examine if they can add two numbers of identical elements seen simultaneously. As soon as after three training days, the ants could respond significantly more to the sum of 1 + 1, 2 + 1, 3 + 1, and 3 + 2 elements than to the two initial numbers of elements seen during training and to the wrong sums 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. Their ability in giving the correct response seemed to somewhat decrease with increasing numbers to add. Twenty-four hours after the removal of the initial numbers presented during training, the ants no longer responded essentially to the correct sum of these numbers.
Foreign Ownership and Corporate Performance: The Czech Republic at EU Entry

Does foreign ownership improve corporate performance or do foreign firms merely select more productive targets for takeover? Do workers benefit from foreign acquisitions? We answer these questions based on comparing the be- fore/after change in several performance indicators of Czech firms subject to foreign takeover after 1997, i.e., after the initial waves of privatization were completed, with the corresponding performance change of matched compa- nies that remain domestically owned until 2005. We find that the impact of foreign investors on domestic acquisitions is significantly positive only in non-exporting manufacturing industries, while it is small in both services and manufacturing industries competing on international markets.
No Effect of High Physical Activity on Body Mass Index Among Bhil Tribal Population in India

Background: Lifestyle behaviours are implicated as modifiable risk factors for non communicable diseases. The objective of this study was to estimate the physical activity level and to assess the general dietary trends prevailing in a tribal population. Methods: This was a population based cross sectional study conducted using random sampling method among Bhil tribal population in India. A total of 258 individuals were assessed for physical activity level while a total of 222 individuals were assessed for dietary pattern using appropriate questionnaires. Demographic and somatometric data were also recorded. Results: It was found that 86.43% of population adhered to the WHO recommended physical activity level. Females were seen to be significantly more active as compared to males which was in contrast to other findings in India. Maximum physical activity was observed to be in the occupational domain. With regards to dietary intake, the population practiced an imbalanced diet high in sugars and other carbohydrates and fats and low in vegetables and fruits. Conclusion: This study supports the need for increasing awareness regarding health benefits of physical activity (especially of leisure-time) and to promote healthy and balanced diet.
Formation and Growth of Smectites In Bentonites: A Case Study From Kimolos Island, Aegean, Greece

The low-temperature alteration of a rhyolitic rock from Kimolos Island, Aegean, Greece, yielded an alteration profile characterized by gradual transition from fresh glass to bentonite containing homogeneous Chambers-type montmorillonite and then to a mordenite-bearing bentonite. Both mordenite and smectite were formed from poorly crystalline precursors, which probably had compositions comparable to that of the crystalline end-product. However, their composition may have been modified to some degree after reaction with the fluid phase. Particle length and width measurements of smectite crystals yielded lognormal profiles, which suggest supply-controlled crystal growth in an open system or random ripening in a closed system. The former mechanism is in accordance with the observed sustained supply of Mg and Fe by the fluid phase throughout the alteration profile and is believed to be the dominant formation mechanism of smectites in bentonites in general. In the mordenite-bearing zone, random ripening is expected in domains with low permeability, in which the system was essentially closed, favoring the formation of mordenite. The level of supersaturation with respect to smectite was probably lower in the mordenite-bearing zone. Smectite probably affected pore-fluid chemistry either through ion exchange or via dissolution of initially formed K-bearing smectite. The latter process raised the K+/(Na+ + Ca2+) activity ratio of the pore-fluid favoring K-bearing mordenite.
The prereversal enhancement of the zonal electric field in the equatorial ionosphere

The electric fields in the ionospheric E and F regions near the magnetic equator often show a strong eastward enhancement shortly after sunset and before the eastward (normally) daytime field reverses to westward. Several theoretical models of the low-latitude fields suggest that this enhancement is caused mainly or entirely by F region winds (the F region dynamo), but some authors have suggested that it could be produced solely by E region tidal winds. We give here additional calculations and arguments in support of the F region source. The enhancement of the eastward field for an eastward F region wind turns out to be a simple direct consequence of the fact that after sunset the ionospheric conductivity decreases far more rapidly in the E region than in the F region.
Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback in an Elliptical Galaxy with the Most Updated AGN Physics. II. High Angular Momentum Case

This is the second paper of our series of works of studying the effects of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) feedback on the cosmological evolution of an isolated elliptical galaxy by performing two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations. Compared to previous works, the main improvement here is that we adopt the most up-to-date AGN physics, which is described in detail in the first paper, including the discrimination of the two accretion modes and the most up-to-date descriptions of the wind and radiation in the two modes. In Paper , we consider the case that the specific angular momentum of the gas in the galaxy is very low. In this paper, we consider the case that the specific angular momentum of the gas is high. At the galactic scale, we adopt the gravitational torques raised due to non-axisymmetric structure in the galaxy as the mechanism of the transfer of angular momentum of gas, as proposed in some recent works. Because our simulations are axisymmetric, we make use of a parameterized prescription to mimic this mechanism. Special attention is paid to the effects of specific angular momentum of the galaxy on the AGN light curve, growth of the black hole mass, AGN duty-cycle, star formation, and the X-ray surface brightness. We find that some results are qualitatively similar to those shown in Paper , while other results, such as star formation and black hole growth, show a significant difference due to the mass concentration in the galactic disk as a consequence of galactic rotation.
The daily integral of growth by Planktothrix rubescens calculated from growth rate in culture and irradiance in Lake Zürich.

In Lake Zürich, populations of the cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens develop in the metalimnion during the summer and become gradually entrained in the deepening surface mixed layer during the autumn. It had previously been demonstrated that the daily integrals of photosynthetic production accounted for the growth observed in the metalimnion and greatly exceeded the smaller increase during the autumn. We have now determined the relationship between growth rate (μ) and irradiance (I) in cultures of P. rubescens strain Pla 9316 maintained at 20 °C on a 12∶12 h light∶dark cycle: the highest net growth rate averaged over the 24 h (μh ) was 0.123 d-1 , the dark rate (μD ) was -0.020 d-1 , the gross rate (φm = μh -μD ) was 0.144 d-1 , the affinity coefficient (α) was 0.0273 (d μmol m-2 s-1 )-1 and the compensation point (IC ) was 1.76 μmol m-2 s-1 . Using the corresponding coefficients calculated for the light period (μLh = 0.267 d-1 , φLm = 0.287 d-1 and αL = 0.0547 (d μmol m-2 s-1 )-1 ), instantaneous growth rates could be calculated from the irradiance. Comparison with growth rates at 10 °C indicated a Q10 of 1.48. These coefficients were used in a modification of the Smith equation to calculate potential growth rates of Planktothrix from the irradiance and temperature at each time and depth in Lake Zürich. Data on irradiance, vertical light attenuation and temperature were used to calculate the daily integrals of biomass increase over a period of 136 d. These growth integrals gave a closer correspondence to the observed population increase than the photosynthetic integrals calculated previously from measurements made with lakewater samples dominated by Planktothrix. Photosynthetic measurements made with the Planktothrix culture indicated a maximum rate of carbon increase (0.467 d-1 that exceeds the maximum growth rate, which suggests that other factors limit growth over long periods.
Dilatant normal faulting in jointed cohesive rocks: a physical model study

Abstract. Dilatant faults often form in rocks containing pre-existing joints, but the effects of joints on fault segment linkage and fracture connectivity are not well understood. We present an analogue modeling study using cohesive powder with pre-formed joint sets in the upper layer, varying the angle between joints and a rigid basement fault. We analyze interpreted map-view photographs at maximum displacement for damage zone width, number of connected joints, number of secondary fractures, degree of segmentation and area fraction of massively dilatant fractures. Particle imaging velocimetry provides insight into the deformation history of the experiments and illustrates the localization pattern of fault segments. Results show that with increasing angle between joint-set and basement-fault strike the number of secondary fractures and the number of connected joints increase, while the area fraction of massively dilatant fractures shows only a minor increase. Models without pre-existing joints show far lower area fractions of massively dilatant fractures while forming distinctly more secondary fractures.
The Structural Model in Parenting Style, Attachment Style, Self-regulation and Self-esteem for Smartphone Addiction

Excessive smartphone usage has become a highly controversial and substantial worldwide issue. This paper explores the complexities and challenges of smartphone addiction with a particular focus on parenting styles, attachment, and self-regulation. Convenience sampling was used to gather data from 211 university students in Hong Kong (138 females/74 males) through their responses to four questionnaires. One structural equation model was formed successfully which indicated that parenting style (authoritative or permissive) could be a reasonable predictor of attachment style (secure or dismissive) and self-regulation (impulse control or goal setting) for smartphone addictions (positive anticipation, withdrawal, cyberspace relationship or overuse). Parenting style was a positive correlate to predict attachment, while the attachment positive correlated to predict self-regulation. Self-regulation was a negative correlate to smartphone addiction. It was revealed that a positive parenting style and positive attachment style could form a significant model with self-regulation and smartphone addiction. Furthermore, secure attachment had higher mediation effect, while impulse control and goal setting behavior had a fair mediation power over influencing addiction tendency. This model helped explore the relationships between smartphone addiction and other constructs in educational psychology. Based on findings, educators can gain insights into how parenting and self-regulation can influence the tendency towards excessive smartphone usage. More educational programs which aim at promoting adequate parenting skills, motivating children through self-regulation and goal setting, is proposed through this study.
Variability of Heavy Metals in Wild Catfish Clarias gariepinus Collected South and North Cairo Area. II. Essential Heavy Metals.

Four surveys were undertaken to investigate the bioaccumulation of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn in the liver, kidney, gills, skin and muscles of Clarias gariepinus from the River Nile south (Al-Aiat) and north (Barrage) areas of Cairo. Metals bioaccumulation were analyzed then applied to differentiate between the concentrations found at the two locations, between all of the surveys, and the two sexes. No significant seasonal variations detected in the water metals. Fe and Cu are the highest elements and Mn is the least element. Cu is the more element affected by the locality with higher concentrations in Al-Aiat than Barrage. No hazardous effect on the environmental ecosystem observed. Higher concentrations of metals were observed in the tissues of C. gariepinus than the water in which they live. All heavy metals in all organs are present in measurable quantities and still within the safe limits for consumption. Concentrations of the analyzed metals revealed large numbers of significant values concerning location, sex and season differences. Discussion is focused on the significant results.