Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flexible Low-Dose GnRH Antagonist Protocol Is Effective in Patients With Sufficient Ovarian Reserve in IVF

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) has been shown to negatively influence endometrial receptivity. Reducing the GnRH-ant dose during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) when using a GnRH-ant protocol may be beneficial to embryo implantation. However, whether or not the minimum daily GnRH-ant dose should be individualized remains uncertain. In this retrospective study, we aimed to elucidate the feasibility and effectiveness of moderately reducing the daily GnRH-ant dose to 0.125 mg, and then adjusting the dose to 0.25 mg based on subsequent luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Of the 434 patients analyzed in this study, 209 received our new flexible low-dose GnRH-ant protocol (Group 1) and 225 received a conventional GnRH-ant protocol with a fixed daily dose of 0.25 mg (Group 2). Furthermore, 105 and 114 cycles from groups 1 and 2 received fresh embryo transfer. In Group 1, 30 patients whose dose of 0.125 mg GnRH-ant was adjusted according to their LH levels and 179 patients who received consistently low doses were further divided into subgroups 1 and 2, respectively. Neither the number of retrieved oocytes and available embryos nor the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate significantly differed between the two groups. However, GnRH-ant dose and stimulation duration were much lower and shorter in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p < 0.05). Subgroup 1 exhibited higher basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lower antral follicle count (AFC) than subgroup 2 significantly. The number of retrieved oocytes and available embryos were lower in subgroup 1 than in subgroup 2 (6.83 ± 3.28 vs. 11.83 ± 4.82, 2.93 ± 1.86 vs. 4.99 ± 3.46, respectively, p < 0.05), while more canceled cycles for pre-ovulation occurred in subgroup 1 than in subgroup 2 (3/30 vs. 1/179, p < 0.05). The results showed that the flexible low-dose GnRH-ant protocol was as effective as the conventional fixed-dose GnRH-ant protocol with 0.25 mg per day for most patients with normal ovarian reserve. This retrospective analysis and the small sample size are the main limitations of this study, and a large sample RCT will be carried out in the future.
Visualising the Cardiovascular System of Embryos of Biomedical Model Organisms with High Resolution Episcopic Microscopy (HREM)

The article will briefly introduce the high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) technique and will focus on its potential for researching cardiovascular development and remodelling in embryos of biomedical model organisms. It will demonstrate the capacity of HREM for analysing the cardiovascular system of normally developed and genetically or experimentally malformed zebrafish, frog, chick and mouse embryos in the context of the whole specimen and will exemplarily show the possibilities HREM offers for comprehensive visualisation of the vasculature of adult human skin. Finally, it will provide examples of the successful application of HREM for identifying cardiovascular malformations in genetically altered mouse embryos produced in the deciphering the mechanisms of developmental disorders (DMDD) program.
Advanced Statistical Testing of Quantum Random Number Generators

Pseudo-random number generators are widely used in many branches of science, mainly in applications related to Monte Carlo methods, although they are deterministic in design and, therefore, unsuitable for tackling fundamental problems in security and cryptography. The natural laws of the microscopic realm provide a fairly simple method to generate non-deterministic sequences of random numbers, based on measurements of quantum states. In practice, however, the experimental devices on which quantum random number generators are based are often unable to pass some tests of randomness. In this review, we briefly discuss two such tests, point out the challenges that we have encountered in experimental implementations and finally present a fairly simple method that successfully generates non-deterministic maximally random sequences.
Complex Permittivity Measurement Based on Planar Microfluidic Resonator Sensor

In this paper, a microfluidic sensor is proposed using a microwave planar multiple split-ring resonator (MSRR). The main objective of this real time non-destructive microfluidic sensor is to detect and analyse the dielectric properties of materials using extremely small amount of liquid volumes $(2.5\mu \mathrm {L})$. The sensing mechanism of the proposed microfluidic sensor is based on frequency shifting and amplitude changing of material under test. An MSRR is employed using a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. Then, a microcapillary made from glass material is loaded on the outer ring slot to observe the perturbation response. The microcapillary is filled with several common solvents and the ideal value of those solvents are used as a reference result. The resonant frequency of the structure with microcapillary is observed to be 2.1 GHz. The functionality and reliability of the proposed sensor are successfully demonstrated through full-wave simulations and measurements. The resonant frequency of the loaded microcapillary showed a shift of 125.5 MHz and 25 MHz when compared to empty microfluidic. Our proposed microfluidic sensor is nondestructive and reliable. Furthermore, it is low cost and fabricated using simple and easy design procedures.
Robust Hybrid Beamforming in Millimeter Wave Relay Networks With Imperfect CSI

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication offers rich spectrum resources and acts as a key enabling technology for future wireless communication systems. Hybrid (digital and analog) beamforming and relay techniques are important for mmWave implementations considering the characteristics of mmWave signals, as well as the practical limitations of equipment size, power consumption, and hardware cost. In this paper, a robust hybrid beamforming scheme is presented for mmWave multiple-input multiple-output relay networks adopting amplify-and-forward strategy at the relays. Unlike most existing designs that are based on the perfect channel-state information (CSI), CSI imperfectness is considered in the proposed robust beamforming scheme. An accurate approximation of the average received signal-to-noise ratio is derived and used as the design criterion for the developed iterative beamforming optimization at different nodes. An orthogonal matching pursuit-based algorithm is then utilized to design the hybrid beamforming schemes. Simulation results show that the proposed robust beamforming scheme with affordable computational complexities provides substantial performance gains compared with the existing non-robust designs.
Effects of body position during cardiopulmonary exercise testing with right heart catheterization

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) with right heart catheterization (RHC) widely used for early diagnosis and evaluation of pulmonary vascular disease in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and early stage heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, who display normal hemodynamics at rest. The aim of this study was to investigate that whether body position affects pulmonary hemodynamics, pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), and CPX parameters during invasive CPX. Seventeen patients (58 ± 14 years; 5/12 male/female) with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension treated with percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty and near‐normal pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) underwent invasive CPX twice in supine and upright position using a cycle ergometer with 6 months interval. The mean PAP (peak: 45 ± 7 vs. 40 ± 11 mmHg, P = 0.006) and PAWP (peak: 17 ± 4 vs. 11 ± 7 mmHg, P = 0.008, supine vs. upright, respectively) throughout the test in supine position were significantly higher compared with in upright position, because of preload increase. However, transpulmonary pressure gradient, pulmonary vascular resistance, and mPA‐Q slope during exercise were of no significant difference between two positions. There were no differences between the results of two positions in peak VO2 (15.9 ± 4.0 vs. 16.6 ± 3.2 mL/min per kg, P = 0.456), the VE versus VCO2 slope (37.8 ± 9.2 vs. 35.9 ± 8.0, P = 0.397), or the peak work‐rate (79 ± 29 vs. 84 ± 27W, P = 0.118). Body position had a significant influence on PAP and PAWP during exercise, but no influence on the pulmonary circulation, or peak VO2, or VE vs.VCO2 slope.
Improve Visibility of Nighttime Images for Pedestrian Recognition by In-Vehicle Camera

In this research, we propose a visibility improvement method for pedestrian recognition on night vehicle camera images. In our method, we input the nighttime images and the corresponding daytime images prepared by simulation to the Neural Network, which is one of Deep Learning, and learn the feature. After that, we were able to perform image conversion experiments in the range of 5 m to 30 m from the own vehicle to the pedestrian using the model obtained by training, and to convert the image to bring the night image closer to the daytime image.
A Review of Galls on Ferns and Lycophytes

Abstract Fern–insect interactions have not received the same attention as angiosperm–insect interactions have. It has even been stated that ferns may have very few interactions with animals because of their lack of flowers, fruits, and seeds. Consequently, for many decades fern–insect interactions have been overlooked and underestimated, especially for highly developed interactions such as those with gall-formers. The present work aims to review the galls of ferns and lycophytes worldwide, to provide an updated checklist including unpublished data and to estimate the global gall diversity of ferns and lycophytes. We recorded 93 host species, belonging to 41 genera. Galls were found in 20 fern families and one lycophyte family (Selaginellaceae). Most galls occur within the more derived ferns of the order Polypodiales, especially the fern families Polypodiaceae (21 host species), Dryopteridaceae (14 host species) and Athyriaceae (11 host species). Thirty-eight of the 133 gall morphotypes were induced by mites and 95 by insects of six orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Thysanoptera, and Hemiptera). Among the insects, Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) caused most of the galls (35 morphotypes). So far, most galls have been reported from the Neotropical region (40 spp.) and Oriental region (28 spp.).
Application-Transparent Near-Memory Processing Architecture with Memory Channel Network

The physical memory capacity of servers is expected to increase drastically with deployment of the forthcoming non-volatile memory technologies. This is a welcomed improvement for emerging data-intensive applications. For such servers to be cost-effective, nonetheless, we must cost-effectively increase compute throughput and memory bandwidth commensurate with the increase in memory capacity without compromising application readiness. Tackling this challenge, we present Memory Channel Network (MCN) architecture in this paper. Specifically, first, we propose an MCN DIMM, an extension of a buffered DIMM where a small but capable processor called MCN processor is integrated with a buffer device on the DIMM for near-memory processing. Second, we implement device drivers to give the host and MCN processors in a server an illusion that they are independent heterogeneous nodes connected through an Ethernet link. These allow the host and MCN processors in a server to run a given data-intensive application together based on popular distributed computing frameworks such as MPI and Spark without any change in the host processor hardware and its application software, while offering the benefits of high-bandwidth and low-latency communications between the host and the MCN processors over memory channels. As such, MCN can serve as an application-transparent framework which can seamlessly unify near-memory processing within a server and distributed computing across such servers for data-intensive applications. Our simulation running the full software stack shows that a server with 8 MCN DIMMs offers 4.56X higher throughput and consume 47.5% less energy than a cluster with 9 conventional nodes connected through Ethernet links, as it facilitates up to 8.17X higher aggregate DRAM bandwidth utilization. Lastly, we demonstrate the feasibility of MCN with an IBM POWER8 system and an experimental buffered DIMM.
BCR/ABL1–like acute lymphoblastic leukemia: How to diagnose and treat?

BCR/ABL1–like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for 15% to 30% of B‐lineage ALL, with a peak of incidence occurring in adolescence. This subgroup of patients is characterized by a peculiar transcriptional profile that resembles that of true BCR/ABL1–positive cases, and have a heterogeneous genetic background and a poor outcome. Next‐generation sequencing studies have demonstrated that the majority of patients carry rearrangements of tyrosine kinases or cytokine receptors and mutations of janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), thus opening the way to the possible use of targeted therapeutic approaches. However, several issues remain unresolved at both the diagnostic and therapeutic level, such as the definition of a standardized method to identify BCR/ABL1–like ALL and the design of ad hoc clinical trials examining tyrosine kinase inhibitors or other tailored treatments. These aspects are discussed in this review.
Acute Effect of Resistant Starch on Food Intake, Appetite and Satiety in Overweight/Obese Males

Several studies have linked increased intake of dietary fibre to improvement in the management of body weight. Dietary fibre from resistant starch (RS) has been shown to have an impact on food intake in normal weight individuals, but its role in obesity is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of RS on appetite, satiety and postprandial metabolism in overweight/obese subjects. In this single-blind randomized crossover study, overweight/obese healthy males consumed a test breakfast and lunch containing either 48 g RS or a placebo. Postprandial qualitative appetite, glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 were measured every 30 min for 7 h. Energy intake values from an ad libitum dinner and for a 24-h period were assessed. Acute consumption of RS at breakfast/lunch significantly reduced the energy intake at the ad libitum dinner (p = 0.017). No significant effect over 24 h or qualitative feelings of satiety were observed. Significant treatment × time effects were found for postprandial glucose (p = 0.004) for RS compared to placebo, with a trend for higher C-peptide concentrations following RS. The postprandial insulin and GLP-1 responses were not significantly different. RS may indeed have short-term beneficial effects in obese individuals.
Activity-dependent brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling is required for the antidepressant actions of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine

Significance A metabolite of ketamine, (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine [(2R,6R)-HNK], produces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in animal models but without the side effects of ketamine. Notably, (2R,6R)-HNK does not block the NMDA receptor, the primary target of ketamine. Here, we demonstrate that the antidepressant effects of (2R,6R)-HNK require activity dependent release of BDNF that is mediated by stimulation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Importantly, increased BDNF release leads to activation of downstream TrkB and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling that increases synaptic function of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. Stimulation of BDNF release and increased synaptic function block or reverse the detrimental effects of stress and depression and thereby underlie the antidepressant actions of (2R,6R)-HNK. Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, produces rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. (2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine [(2R,6R)-HNK], a metabolite of ketamine, is reported to produce rapid antidepressant effects in rodent models without the side effects of ketamine. Importantly, (2R,6R)-HNK does not block NMDA receptors like ketamine, and the molecular signaling mechanisms for (2R,6R)-HNK remain unknown. Here, we examined the involvement of BDNF/TrkB/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in the antidepressant actions of (2R,6R)-HNK. Intramedial prefrontal cortex (intra-mPFC) infusion or systemic (2R,6R)-HNK administration induces rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects in behavioral tests, identifying the mPFC as a key region for the actions of (2R,6R)-HNK. The antidepressant actions of (2R,6R)-HNK are blocked in mice with a knockin of the BDNF Val66Met allele (which blocks the processing and activity-dependent release of BDNF) or by intra-mPFC microinjection of an anti-BDNF neutralizing antibody. Blockade of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs), required for activity-dependent BDNF release, also blocks the actions of (2R,6R)-HNK. Intra-mPFC infusion of pharmacological inhibitors of TrkB or mTORC1 signaling, which are downstream of BDNF, also block the actions of (2R,6R)-HNK. Moreover, (2R,6R)-HNK increases synaptic function in the mPFC. These findings indicate that activity-dependent BDNF release and downstream TrkB and mTORC1 signaling, which increase synaptic function in the mPFC, are required for the rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects of (2R,6R)-HNK, supporting the potential use of this metabolite for the treatment of MDD.
Elevated CO2 impairs olfactory‐mediated neural and behavioral responses and gene expression in ocean‐phase coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Elevated concentrations of CO2 in seawater can disrupt numerous sensory systems in marine fish. This is of particular concern for Pacific salmon because they rely on olfaction during all aspects of their life including during their homing migrations from the ocean back to their natal streams. We investigated the effects of elevated seawater CO2 on coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) olfactory‐mediated behavior, neural signaling, and gene expression within the peripheral and central olfactory system. Ocean‐phase coho salmon were exposed to three levels of CO2, ranging from those currently found in ambient marine water to projected future levels. Juvenile coho salmon exposed to elevated CO2 levels for 2 weeks no longer avoided a skin extract odor that elicited avoidance responses in coho salmon maintained in ambient CO2 seawater. Exposure to these elevated CO2 levels did not alter odor signaling in the olfactory epithelium, but did induce significant changes in signaling within the olfactory bulb. RNA‐Seq analysis of olfactory tissues revealed extensive disruption in expression of genes involved in neuronal signaling within the olfactory bulb of salmon exposed to elevated CO2, with lesser impacts on gene expression in the olfactory rosettes. The disruption in olfactory bulb gene pathways included genes associated with GABA signaling and maintenance of ion balance within bulbar neurons. Our results indicate that ocean‐phase coho salmon exposed to elevated CO2 can experience significant behavioral impairments likely driven by alteration in higher‐order neural signal processing within the olfactory bulb. Our study demonstrates that anadromous fish such as salmon may share a sensitivity to rising CO2 levels with obligate marine species suggesting a more wide‐scale ecological impact of ocean acidification.
Comparison of central corneal thickness measurements with standard ultrasonic pachymetry and optical devices

To compare the repeatability and agreements of central corneal thickness measurements of healthy individuals obtained by Scheimpflug‐Placido topographer (Sirius), anterior segment spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis) (AS‐OCT), optical biometry (AL‐Scan) and ultrasonic pachymetry.
miR-3607-3p suppresses non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by targeting TGFBR1 and CCNE2

Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs can be promising diagnostic and/or prognostic markers for various cancers. In this study, we identified a novel miRNA, miR-3607-3p, and its targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of miR-3607-3p was measured and its correlation with patient prognosis was determined. Ectopic expression in NSCLC cells, xenografts, and metastasis models was used to evaluate the effects of miR-3607-3p on proliferation and migration of NSCLC. Luciferase assay and western blotting were performed to validate the potential targets of miR-3607-3p after preliminary screening by microarray analysis and computer-aided algorithms. We demonstrated that miR-3607-3p was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and that miR-3607-3p might act as an independent predictor for overall survival in NSCLC. Moreover, serum miR-3607-3p may be a novel and stable marker for NSCLC. We found that overexpression of miR-3607-3p inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, and hampered the cell cycle of NSCLC cell lines in vitro. Our results suggested that miR-3607-3p directly targets TGFBR1 and CCNE2. In accordance with in vitro studies, we confirmed that miR-3607-3p functions as a potent suppressor miRNA of NSCLC. We showed that miR-3607-3p agomir could reduce tumor growth and inhibit TGFBR1 and CCNE2 protein expression. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-3607-3p can inhibit NSCLC cell growth and metastasis by targeting TGFBR1 and CCNE2 protein expression, and provide new evidence of miR-3607-3p as a potential non-invasive biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
AVATAR : Fixing Semantic Bugs with Fix Patterns of Static Analysis Violations

Fix pattern-based patch generation is a promising direction in Automated Program Repair (APR). Notably, it has been demonstrated to produce more acceptable and correct patches than the patches obtained with mutation operators through genetic programming. The performance of pattern-based APR systems, however, depends on the fix ingredients mined from fix changes in development histories. Unfortunately, collecting a reliable set of bug fixes in repositories can be challenging. In this paper, we propose to investigate the possibility in an APR scenario of leveraging code changes that address violations by static bug detection tools. To that end, we build the AVATAR APR system, which exploits fix patterns of static analysis violations as ingredients for patch generation. Evaluated on the Defects4J benchmark, we show that, assuming a perfect localization of faults, AVATAR can generate correct patches to fix 34/39 bugs. We further find that AVATAR yields performance metrics that are comparable to that of the closely-related approaches in the literature. While AVATAR outperforms many of the state-of-the-art pattern-based APR systems, it is mostly complementary to current approaches. Overall, our study highlights the relevance of static bug finding tools as indirect contributors of fix ingredients for addressing code defects identified with functional test cases.