Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) on Quality of Life in Case of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Background: BPH is one of the most common cause of LUTS which significantly impairs the quality of life. TURP is minimally invasive surgical procedure for Benign Prostatic hyperplasia which has impact on quality of life. Impact on quality of life can be measured by QoL score and effect of TURP can be evaluated. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) on Quality of Life (QoL) score. Methodology: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Urology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, from July 2015 to June 2016. Total fifty patients between 50 to 72 years attending for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were included for the study according to inclusion & exclusion criteria. All of them were evaluated with baseline international prostate symptoms score (IPSS), QoL score, peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, voiding time and PVR and were recorded in a predesigned data sheet. Selected patients underwent Transurethral Resection of Prostate. They were followed after 1 month and 3 months with same parameter and compared with the baseline values. Results: The baseline international prostate symptoms score (IPSS) in this study was 25.18±1.45. At one month and three months follow up visits after TURP, the IPSS was decreased to 15.0±1.07 and 8.14±0.76 respectively. There was significant improvement of peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) in the postoperative period, at the 1st follow up visit after one month of TURP (15.78±1.42, p<0.001) and at the 2nd follow visit after three months of TURP (18.78, p <0.001). The mean QoL score was 5.30±0.46 before TURP. After one month of TURP it was 3.20±0.45 and after 3 months of TURP it was 1.86±0.57. Conclusion: There is a significant improvement of quality of after TURP. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(2): 143-147
Herpesviruses in HIV‐periodontitis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Human herpesvirus-associated diseases exhibit elevated morbidity and mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of herpesviruses in HIV-periodontitis. METHOD: Gingival biopsies from periodontitis lesions of 21 HIV-patients and 14 non HIV-patients were studied. Nested-polymerase chain reaction methods were employed to detect human cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus type 1 and 2 (EBV-1, EBV-2), herpes simplex virus, human herpes virus (HHV)-6, HHV-7 and HHV-8. RESULTS: Gingival biopsies from HIV-periodontitis lesions showed on average 4.0 herpesvirus species and gingival biopsies from HIV periodontitis lesions of non-HIV patients revealed an average of 1.9 herpesvirus species (p<0.001). Occurrence of 4 to 6 different herpesviruses was more common in HIV- than in non HIV-gingival biopsies (71% vs. 7%) (p<0.001). EVB-2 was detected in 12 (57%) biopsies from HIV-periodontitis but was absent in non HIV-periodontitis biopsies (p= 0.002). HHV-6 also occurred in significantly higher frequency in HIV-periodontitis (71%) than in non HIV-periodontitis (21%) (p=0.01). HHV-8 was detected only in biopsies from HIV-periodontitis lesions. CONCLUSION: HIV-periodontitis seems to be associated with elevated occurrence of EBV-2, HHV-6 and herpesvirus co-infections compared to periodontitis in non-HIV-patients. The periodontopathic significance of herpesviruses in HIV-periodontitis constitutes a research topic of considerable interest.
Early excision and grafting versus delayed grafting in deep burns of the hand

Background: Deep burns of the hand are considered severe, because even a small wound may cause profound functional disability, ugly scar and psychosocial problems. The aim of the study is to compare early excision and grafting versus delayed grafting in deep burns of the hand.Methods: This study was conducted on 30 patients with deep burns of the hand. Patients were randomly divided in to two equal groups. Group I included 15 patients who were subjected to early excision and grafting within the first week after injury while group II included 15 patients who were subjected to delayed excision and grafting two weeks after injury. The study was conducted on patients presented to Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Abou Qir General Hospital in the period from December 2016 to December 2017.Results: The results of early excision and grafting were better than delayed grafting regarding the intake, infection and post-burn contraction (mean 91.33±7.67 in group I and 83.67±10.08 in group II with p value=0.026). Conclusions: Early excision and grafting of the hand is a better alternative than delayed excision and grafting as regards better graft intake, less wound infection, less contractures, less risk of regrafting, less hospital stay, less 5D-itching scale and Vancouver score and more cost effectiveness.
Associations Between Being ‘Locked-In’ and Health – An Epidemiological Study

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between an individual’s level of perceived control over labor market position (locked-in and not locked-in) and self-rated health and psychological well-being.Methods. A representative sample (n = 11,675) of the working population in southern Sweden responded to a questionnaire.Results. Sixty-seven percent of the respondents worked in their preferred workplace and occupation. Nineteen percent reported being in a nonpreferred workplace and nonpreferred occupation (double locked-in). Twenty-three percent reported suboptimal health compared with 31% among the double locked-in. The risk of suboptimal health was elevated in all locked-in groups also after adjustment for background variables and job strain. In the double locked-in group, the fully adjusted odds ratio for suboptimal health was 1.72 (95% confidence interval 1.49–1.99) and for suboptimal psychological well-being 2.17 (95% confidence inter val 1.84–2.56). Odds ratio for the other locked-in groups was lower but still statistically significant.Conclusions. Being at a nonpreferred work-place or occupation was associated with impaired health.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Ultrasonography with Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Maxillomandibular Fractures

Ab s t r Ac t Background: Head and neck trauma forms a major proportion of patients requiring maxillofacial care. Imaging is a vital part in the management of these patients. Many modalities exist that maybe utilized for the purpose of visualizing the fracture defects. Computed tomography (CT) scans have been considered the gold standard even with many disadvantages like associated radiation hazards, high cost factor, unavailability in rural healthcare setup, and time taken for the scans. Aim: Through our study, we aim to compare the efficacy of ultrasonography (USG) and compare it with CT scan in the detection of maxillomandibular fractures. Materials and methods: Over a 2-year period, 50 patients suspected with zygomatico-complex (ZMC) or mandible fractures underwent clinical examination followed by radiographic assessment using ultrasound and CT scans. The sensitivity, specificity, and time taken to evaluate the fractures were determined and compared. Results: High correlation existed between USG and CT scan in the detection of the maxillomandibular fractures. The sensitivity was 95% and the specificity was 90% with a high positive predictive value. Conclusion: Apart from a few disadvantages like difficulty in interpretation of a film without a report or clinical correlation and examiner variability, the advantages associated with its use probably outweigh the shortcomings.
Evaluation of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) in Pet Owners

Introduction: Lung function tests have been gradually used in evaluating the harshness of obstructive airway disease and also in assessing the outcome of various healing routines and providing an improved understanding of pulmonary physiology. The main aim of this study is to assess the pulmonary function in pet owners. Materials and Method: People were selected randomly. The subjects were of varying age groups. Then individuals were divided into 2 groups. One group of individuals were pet owners while the other group consisted of individuals who do not own any pets. Each group consists of 30 individuals. The readings were obtained using peak flow meter. Readings were recorded and calculated. Result: The mean and standard deviation were calculated for both pet owners and healthy individuals. In the control group, the values of the males were found to be 440±15.51. In females the value was found to be 414.70±23.25. In the pet owners group the value of male pet owners were found to be 425.38±59.38. In females the value was found to be 377.64±64.64. The values of pet owners were significantly less compared to the control group consisting of non- pet owners. Conclusion: Although this research was not significant due to certain factors, further research could be done on this topic to further establish the relation between humans and pets.
The influence of the attributes of “Internet of Things” products on functional and emotional experiences of purchase intention

Purpose “Internet of things” is a broad term used to describe network connectivity to physical objects. Called connectable or smart objects, they are embedded in electronic circuits and software that make them capable of detecting, collecting and transmitting data and information. This paper aims to examine the influence of the attributes of “internet of things” products in the functional and emotional experience of purchase intention. Design/methodology/approach The study used a model adapted from Yaping et al. (2014), with adjustment for the constructs “emotional experience”, “functional experience” and “purchase intention”. The survey consisted of a sample of 747 valid questionnaires regarding users of “internet of things” products, through a structured questionnaire with 36 assertions, which were answered based on the Likert scale. The quantitative research approach followed an exploratory descriptive phase followed by the application of structural equation modeling. Findings Results validated most of the relationships of the model, with high levels of significance. In addition, there was a greater influence of emotional experience than functional on purchase intention for the selected sample, which mainly consisted of young people. Originality/value In short, the study confirmed the statistical significance of the structural paths, indicating that the proposed model is consistent, and with an appropriate adjustment can be applied in future research.
Electronic Health Literacy and Dietary Behaviors in Taiwanese College Students: Cross-Sectional Study

Background Given the recognized importance of preventing poor dietary behaviors during adolescence, we need a better understanding of college students’ dietary behaviors. Studies have found that individual factors and electronic health (eHealth) literacy may affect one’s dietary behaviors. However, few studies have fully investigated the effect of the three levels of eHealth literacy (functional, interactive, and critical) and the interactive effect of individual factors (eg, gender, monthly expenses, and frequency of cooking) and the three levels of eHealth literacy on the four aspects of dietary behaviors (consumer health, balanced diet, regular eating habits, and unhealthy food intake). Objective This study aimed to investigate whether individual differences and higher eHealth literacy are associated with more positive dietary behaviors and less unhealthy dietary intake. Methods The eHealth Literacy Scale is a 12-item instrument designed to measure college students’ functional, interactive, and critical eHealth literacy. The Dietary Behaviors Scale is a 14-item instrument developed to measure four aspects of dietary behaviors of college students. A questionnaire was administered to collect background information about participants’ gender, monthly expenses, and frequency of cooking. A national sample of college students was surveyed, and 813 responses were obtained. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the association among individual factors, eHealth literacy, and dietary behaviors. Results This study found that functional eHealth literacy was negatively related to unhealthy food intake (beta=−.11; P=.01), and interactive eHealth literacy was positively related to balanced diet (beta=.25; P<.001) and consumer health (beta=.15; P=.02). Moreover, critical eHealth literacy was positively related to consumer health (beta=.30; P<.001) and regular eating habits (beta=.20; P=.002). Finally, the interactive effect between gender and interactive eHealth literacy was negatively related to balanced diet (beta=−.22; P<.001). The interactive effect between monthly expenses and functional eHealth literacy was positively related to balanced diet (beta=.07; P=.03), although the interactive effect between monthly expenses and critical eHealth literacy was negatively related to balanced diet (beta=−.10; P=.047). Conclusions This study showed that Taiwanese college students with higher functional eHealth literacy were more likely to engage in fewer unhealthy food consumption practices. Those who had higher interactive and critical eHealth literacy were more likely to engage in positive dietary behaviors than those with functional eHealth literacy. Surprisingly, females with high interactive eHealth literacy were more likely to have a poor balanced diet. In contrast, students with higher monthly expenses and higher functional eHealth literacy were more likely to have a balanced diet. However, students with higher monthly expenses and higher critical eHealth literacy were less likely to maintain a balanced diet.
The SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin attenuates the activity of ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome axis in steatohepatitis with diabetes mellitus.

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as a risk factor for the progress of liver diseases. After tissue damage, there is the highest amplitude of ubiquitously sterile inflammatory response in the liver, resulting in a major clinical consequence concerning a high prevalence of steatohepatitis in DM patients. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory efficacy of dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on experimental steatohepatitis with DM. Methods DM-steatohepatitis model was established by dual intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and feeding with the high-fat diet (HFD) in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice (n=40). The mice were concurrently treated with DAPA (1 mg/kg/d) by gavage for 12 weeks. Results In ApoE-/- mice, dual HFD/STZ dramatically induced hepatic damage and inflammation as compared with HFD alone. DAPA treatment was effective to protect from hepatic damage and inflammation in dual HFD/STZ treated ApoE-/- mice. DAPA also significantly the probability decreased the blood glucose, hepatic lipid accumulation, liver steatosis, and fibrotic response in dual HFD/STZ treated ApoE-/- mice. Further mechanistic investigations indicated that the protection of DAPA on diabetic liver injury was associated with the suppressed production of hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the inhibited activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Conclusions These data demonstrate the efficacy of DAPA for protecting liver damage, inflammation and steatosis from experimental steatohepatitis with DM, and indicate a possible involvement of the inhibited activity of ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome.
PERAWATAN BAYI BARU LAHIR (BBL) PADA IBU USIA PERKAWINAN KURANG DARI 18 TAHUN (Di Wilayah Puskesmas Tiron Kabupaten Kediri)

Bayi baru lahir (BBL) sangat rentan terhadap infeksi yang disebabkan oleh paparan virus dan kuman selama proses persalinan maupun beberapa saat setelah lahir. Perawatan BBL yang tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan pada bayi sampai kematian. Kesalahan tersebut dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan dan kesiapan ibu dalam perawatan BBL. Usia perkawinan ibu yang terlalu muda (kurang dari 18 tahun) memungkinkan kurangnya pengetahuan dan kesiapan ibu dalam perawatan BBL. Di Jawa Timur (2015), remaja yang menikah di usia dini sebanyak 53 per 1000 pernikahan dan angka rata-rata nasional 48 per 1000 pernikahan. Hasil wawancara terhadap 3 ibu BBL dengan usia kurang dari 18 tahun diketahui bahwa 2 orang (66,67%) belum mengetahui cara merawat bayinya yang benar. Perawatan BBL yang dimaksud antara lain perawatan tali pusat, memandikan bayi, memberi minum, membersihkan telinga, membersihkan alat kelamin, mengganti popok bayi, dan menggunting kuku. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perawatan BBL pada ibu usia perkawinan kurang dari 18 tahun di wilayah Puskesmas Tiron kabupaten Kediri. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu dengan usia perkawinan ≤ 18 tahun yang mempunyai BBL di wilayah puskesmas Tiron kabupaten Kediri. Dengan tehnik total sampling didapatkan sampel sebanyak 30 respoden ibu dengan usia perkawinan ≤ 18 tahun yang mempunyai BBL di wilayah puskesmas Tiron kabupaten Kediri. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner, wawancara dan observasi, kemudian dilakukan editing, coding,scoring, dan tabulating, selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan persentase. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 5 responden (17%) melakukan perawatan BBL dengan kriteria baik, 19 responden (63%) melakukan perawatan BBL dengan kriteria cukup, dan 6 responden (20%) melakukan perawatan BBL dengan kriteria kurang.di Wilayah Puskesmas Tiron Kecamatan Banyakan Kabupaten Kediri. Perawatan BBL pada ibu usia perkawinan ≤ 18 Tahun di wilayah Puskesmas Tiron kabupaten Kediri secara keseluruhan menunjukkan sebagian besar cara perawatannya cukup sebanyak 19 responden (63%).
Effectivity comparison between three different enamel remineralizing agent postfix orthodontic treatment

Background This study aims to compare the effectiveness of topical fluoride application, a toothpaste containing synthetic hydroxyapatite with one containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) in remineralizing enamel after the debonding process. Material and Methods The study constituted experimental laboratory research incorporating posttest-only control group design. A metal bracket was placed on the buccal surface of 40 premolar teeth and immersed in artificial saliva. After 1 month, the bracket was debonded. The teeth were then randomly divided into four groups, namely (n = 6) the control group (C), the 1st treatment group (T1), the 2nd treatment group (T2), and the 3rd treatment group (T3). There was no treatment of C group. For the T1 group, topical application of fluoride was conducted. For the T2 group, toothpaste containing synthetic hydroxyapatite was applied by brushing the teeth twice a day. The same treatment was administered to the T3 group, but using a different toothpaste containing CSPS. After a treatment of 14 days, the T1, T2, and T3 groups were prepared before being observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM data were examined visually and scored using an enamel surface index (ESI), an enamel damage index (EDI), and an enamel remineralization index. The data obtained were analyzed by means of Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. The statistical significance value was P< 0.05. Results A review of the ESI and IRE scores showed that, compared to the C group, all treatment groups recorded a significantly lower score, with T2 registering the lowest. With regard to the EDI scores, only the T1 group showed no significant difference to the C group. Conclusions Sensitive toothpaste containing synthetic hydroxyapatite and CSSP proved to be more effective in forming the remineralization layer on tooth surfaces compared to topical fluoride application. Key words:Calcium sodium phosphosilicate, debonding process, enamel remineralization, synthetic hydroxyapatite, topical fluoride application.
Flamingos on a slackline: Companies' challenges of balancing the competing demands of handling customer information and privacy

Providers of online services are under increasing pressure to leverage the value inherent in customer data to remain competitive. At the same time, however, Internet users' privacy has become more and more subject to public debate, and companies must protect this privacy if they want to attract and retain customers. It seems that companies struggle to satisfy these competing demands, and neglecting either could have detrimental effects on their success. Different streams of research underline the importance of either privacy protection or the collection and use of customer information. But they remain largely silent about the resulting challenges that companies face. In this study, we address this gap by exploring how companies perceive and handle the tensions between their organizational information needs that necessitate some degree of privacy intrusion and their need to attract and retain customers, which requires privacy protection. We develop a grounded theory that explains how companies balance these opposing demands from an organizational perspective. More specifically, we identify four challenging tensions that define the conditions under which companies must operate. We find that companies try to achieve and maintain a state of balance in the presence of these tensions, and we discover three categories of tactics that help companies in their balancing acts. Our research contributes to a provider‐centric perspective on information privacy and uncovers the management of customer information and privacy as a new but important context in which organizational ambidexterity is required. We offer a detailed perspective on the specific challenges that companies face with respect to customer information and privacy, and our results can guide managers who have to deal with these challenges.
Hepatitis C Elimination in People With HIV Is Contingent on Closing Gaps in the HIV Continuum

Abstract Background Bolstered by the high efficacy of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, the World Health Organization has called for HCV elimination by 2030. People with HIV (PWH) have been identified as a population in which elimination should be prioritized. Methods We examined progress in HCV elimination through the HCV care continuum among patients infected with HIV/HCV receiving HIV care at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Patients with HIV care visits in at least 2 consecutive years were followed through December 15, 2018, for referral to HCV care, treatment initiation, and cure. Results Among 593 HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals, 547 (92%) were referred for HCV care, 517 (87%) were evaluated for HCV treatment, 457 (77%) were prescribed HCV treatment, 426 (72%) initiated treatment, and 370 (62%) achieved HCV cure. In multivariable analysis, advanced liver disease (hazard ratio [HR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–1.88) remained significantly positively associated with HCV treatment initiation. Conversely, being insured by state Medicaid (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.61–0.92), having an HIV RNA >400 copies/mL (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.18–0.49), and having missed 1%–24% (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54–0.97), 25%–49% (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49–0.89), and ≥50% of HIV care visits (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.25–0.60) were significantly negatively associated with HCV treatment initiation. Conclusions HCV infection can be eliminated in PWH. However, HCV elimination requires unrestricted access to HCV treatment and improved methods of retaining people in medical care.