Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The differential effects of collaborative vs. individual prewriting planning on computer-mediated L2 writing: transferability of task-based linguistic skills in focus

ABSTRACT The current study aimed at investigating the effects of three types of prewriting planning conditions, namely teacher-monitored collaborative planning (TMCP), student-led collaborative planning (SLCP), and individual planning (IP) on EFL learners’ computer-mediated L2 written production and learning transfer from a pedagogic task to a new task of similar complexity. To this end, 76 EFL learners were randomly assigned into one of the three groups: TMCP group, SLCP group, and IP group. Two complex letter writing tasks were used in this study to collect the required data: complex task 1 (CT 1) and complex task 2 (CT 2). To perform CT 1, at first, the participants in TMCP and SLCP groups were required to have prewriting collaborative planning via Telegram instant messaging, while the participants in IP group were required to do the prewriting planning individually. To examine learning transfer, one week after they performed CT 1, the participants in the three groups were asked to perform CT 2 for which there was no planning time. The results revealed that (1) the three types of prewriting planning conditions used in the present study promoted different dimensions of the participants’ computer-mediated L2 writing, (2) the participants in different groups differently transferred their linguistic abilities to the new task, and (3) factors such as teachers’ monitoring and directing students’ performance seemed to channel the participants’ attention toward specific dimensions of L2 production and hence influenced the quality of their L2 writing and learning transfer. Implications are discussed, and avenues for future research are outlined.
The Exclusion of Smallholders from Irrigation Projects and Policies in Southern Niger

Niger has a large potential for irrigation developments, the exploitation of which can play an important role in terms of food security and poverty alleviation. The paper focuses on the exclusion of smallholders from past and current irrigation policies and projects. Low cost irrigation techniques make it possible for smallholders to develop irrigation providing they have access to appropriate financial services. However, prospects regarding the development of small-scale irrigation are very limited if not non-existent in the current context.
Typology of practices for managing consumer returns in internet retailing

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore, describe and categorise practices of managing product returns empirically in internet retailing. Design/methodology/approach A multiple case study was conducted involving 12 e-commerce firms and 4 logistics service providers. An integrative data collection approach of semi-structured interviews, documentation and observations was used to gain comprehensive managerial and operational descriptions of returns management (RM) processes. Findings The findings show inconsistent RM processes, with a plethora of practices implemented and organised differently across firms. RM processes are ambiguous; their design is a result of incremental changes over time, lacking strategy and goals. There is a mismatch between how they are described and understood in the literature and how they are actually used. Practices in gatekeeping, avoidance and reverse logistics are defined and categorised. These serve as a typology of practices for managers to (re)consider, along with 15 propositions on how RM is practised. Research limitations/implications The range of RM practices and the processes reflect a lack of scholarly attention and strategic view. Research is needed to develop clear goals on how the RM process can be better aligned with business strategies. Practical implications The typology of practices is a benchmark for internet retailers in their design of efficient RM processes. Originality/value Systematic and empirical research on RM is scarce compared to forward management. The study bridges this gap as one of the first to describe RM practices in depth, define service as a key activity, and identify a mismatch between theory and practice.
ROI or evidence-based PR: The language of public relations evaluation

As evaluation of public relations programmes moves from output to outcome measurement with greater emphasis on integrated planning, research, and evaluation, the term Return on Investment (ROI) has been increasingly used by practitioners to express campaign results to decision-makers from managerial and financial backgrounds. Yet the United Kingdom’s Institute of Public Relations rejects ROI as “not only confusing” but misleading. This article reviews the language of public relations evaluation from theoretical and best practice viewpoints in order to propose a platform of common terminology that can be implemented in theory and practice.
Software Cache Eviction Policy based on Stochastic Approach

— This work develops an innovative approach for guiding high-level software caches’ eviction policy. The decision on which data to keep in the cache is made according to a stochastic analysis over the application data access behaviour. This approach shows it is possible to achieve high cache hit ratios with a reduced cache size. The effectiveness of the policy is tested and validated through the execution of two distinct benchmarks – the TPC-W and the oo7 benchmarks. The newly developed approach is flexible enough to be applied to any high-level software cache in an object-oriented system.
Modulation of ionization front propagation velocity in a µs plasma gun helium discharge with nitrogen admixture

The propagation velocity modification of μs helium plasma gun (PG) discharge with nitrogen gas admixture in the helium buffer is studied in relation with ionization front imaging and helium-nitrogen plasma features. From 0,1 % to 0,8 % of N2, the ionization front is faster, more extended and with strong luminous intensity, compared to the high purity helium. The velocity has an optimum, for approximately 0,3 % of N2. Above 0,3 %, the velocity is progressively slowing down, and finally gets slower than the pure helium case above 0,9 %. The velocity evolution may be linked with kinetic and energy transfer predominantly on N2+ or N2 according to the increase of N2 %. Consequently, a local reinforcement of electric field in the front of the discharge is suspected for low N2 percentage, involving velocity increase of the discharge.
Golden news? Analysis of summarizing coverage of the Olympic Winter Games 2018 on German TV

A maximum amount of media coverage is desirable for every sport to attract potential fans, new active members, and sponsors. The Olympic Games draw large audiences and are therefore a chance for niche sports to enter the big media stage. Large time differences between the hosting city and the audiences’ home countries sometimes limit the amount of live coverage viewers can consume – increasing the importance of summarizing coverage formats like bulletins and news shows. This study analyzes this type of coverage about the Olympic Games 2018 on German TV and tries to find predictors for variances in coverage time, with the help of news values theory. Results show that the success of national athletes is by far the strongest predictor, while simplicity, identification, and surprise play a lesser role and tradition and gender seem to make no significant difference in the amount of summarizing coverage a competition yields.
Constructive relay based cooperative routing in mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) are flexible networks that transmit packets node-by-node along a route connecting a given source and destination. Frequent link breaks (due to node mobility) and quick exhaustion of energy (due to limited battery capacity) are two major problems impacting on the flexibility of MANETs. Cooperative communication is a key concept for improving the system lifetime and robustness and has attracted considerable attention. As a result, there is much published research concerning how to utilize cooperative communication in a MANET context. In the past few years, most cooperative technologies have focused on lower layer enhancements, such as with the Physical Layer and MAC Layer, and have become very mature. At the Network Layer, although some re search has been proposed, issues still remain such as the lack of a systematically designed cooperative routing scheme (including route discovery, route reply, route enhancement and cooperative data forwarding), the use of cooperative communication for mobility resilience, and route selection (jointly considering the energy consumption, energy harvesting potential and link break probability). Driven by the above concerns, a novel Constructive Relay based CooPerative Routing (CRCPR) protocol based on a cross-layer design is proposed in this thesis. In CRCPR, we first modify the traditional hello message format to carry some additional neighbour information. Based on this information, a key aspect of this protocol is to construct one or more small rhombus topologies within the MANET structure, which are stored and maintained in a COoPerative (COP) Table and Relay Table. Next, the route request procedure is re-designed to improve resilience to node mobility with a scheme called Last hop Replacement. Finally, assuming nodes are mostly battery-powered, destination node based route-decision criteria are explored that can consider energy consumption, energy harvesting and link break probability to determine an appropriate route across the MANET. As the hello message format is modified to carry additional information, the control overhead is increased. However, in order to improve the control message efficiency, a new generalised hello message broadcasting scheme entitled Adjust Classified Hello Scheme is developed, which can be deployed onto every routing protocol employing a hello mechanism. As well as designing a new routing protocol for MANETs, including route discovery, route selection, route reply, route maintenance, route enhancement and cooperative data forwarding, the proposed scheme is implemented within an Opnetbased simulation environment and evaluated under a variety of realistic conditions. The results confirm that CRCPR improves mobility resilience, saves energy via cooperative communication and reduces the control overhead associated with the hello message mechanism.
Resumen de revisiones sobre Realidad Aumentada en educación

La Realidad Aumentada (RA) está considerada como una de las tecnologías emergentes más prometedoras de la actualidad que está revolucionado los procesos educativos en todos los niveles de formación académica por su alto nivel de motivación e innovación. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar artículos de revisión sobre RA en educación para determinar cuáles son los grupos destinatarios, áreas de aplicación; metodologías, tipo de aplicaciones, tecnologías, software utilizados; ventajas, desventajas señaladas; y por último los trabajos futuros vislumbrados. Palabras clave: Realidad Aumentada, Educación, Procesos Educativos, Aplicaciones educativas, Tecnología, Revisión ABSTRACT:
Consumer Purchase Intention Towards Online Group Buying Website in Malaysia

Online group buying has emerged as a new form of e-commerce that has numerous benefits to all partners in the transactions, e.g. customers, intermediaries, suppliers, and merchants. Since the concept of online group buying website is still in the preliminary development phase in Malaysia, there is need to examine factors that affect consumer purchase intention towards online group buying website. The purpose of this research is to investigate and determine how perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived risks, price and e-WOM (electronic word of mouth) affects the purchasing intentions of online customers towards online-group purchasing websites. The study will use TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) and its constructs as a theoretical and conceptual framework to achieve the study objective. A quantitative study was used to accomplish the objective of this study, which is to investigate and determine the purchasing intentions of online customers towards online-group purchasing websites in Malaysia. The data was collected using an online survey. There were 115 respondents have participated in this survey, data were analysed using IBM SPSS and Smart PLS3. The findings reveal that all hypotheses are supported. It is also showed that perceived usefulness has the highest impact on consumer online group buying websites. These findings provide valuable insights for online-group purchasing websites and the factors that motivate them to make online purchases from such websites. It can help scholars, policy makers, managers, and business enterprises to understand online group buying behavior in Malaysia. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Institutional ownership and the investment-cash flow sensitivity Evidence from India

Weexaminewhetherinstitutionalinvestorownershipinfluencestheinvestment-cashflowsensitivityinQmodelregressions.Inordertoempiricallytestthisrelationship,weaugmenttheQmodelofinvestmentspecificationbyaddinganinteractiontermbetweencashflowandin-stitutionalinvestorownership.Ifinstitutionalinvestorownershipreducesinvestment-cashflowsensitivity,thenthecoefficientoftheinteractiontermshouldbenegative.Weestimatetheequa-tionusingtheArellano-BonddifferenceGMMmethodtomitigatethebiasduetomeasurementerror in Q modelregressions.Oursample consists of manufacturingfirms listed on theNationalStockExchange(NSE)overtheperiod2001-2016.Theresultsshowthatinstitutionalinvestorownershipreducesinvestmentcashflowsensitivity. Thesereductionsareobservedtobemorepronouncedinfirmswithhigheragencycosts.Weinterpretthisevidenceassuggestingthatinstitutionalinvestorholdingsmitigateagencyissueslikeover-investmentoffreecashflowandtherebyimprove firm governance.
Rescuing Rationality from the Rationalists: For a Neo-Weberian Understanding of Rationality in Critical Terrorism Studies

A decade after its emergence, Critical Terrorism Studies (CTS) has remained unable to engage with one of the most prominent discourses that, on the one hand, justifies the dehumanisation of those accused of terrorism and, on the other, disciplines critical scholarship: the presentation of the terrorist as an irrational subject. Recognising the tensions that emerge from CTS’s critical understanding of “the world” and its simultaneous aim of making knowledge claims, this paper draws on the work of Max Weber in order to create a reflexive methodology able to analyse the rationality of terrorism. After showing the incompatibility between recent understandings of rationality in ‘mainstream’ terrorism studies with CTS, and the limits of ‘postmodern’ stances, this article proposes a neo-Weberian ‘via media’ capable of offering an analysis of the rationalities of terrorism, while remaining sensitive to the limitations of social theory.
ADVANCE BOOKING: PRICE DISCRIMINATION OF AIR TICKET

Received 28 December 2018 Revised 1 March 2019 Accepted 17 May 2019 Abstract The rise in the number of Low-Cost Carriers has led to a fierce battlefield of the airlines. The competition has come at the expense of yields and profitability as all players has had to lower the fares to compete. This results in a day-to-day airfare fluctuation in order to attract all travellers. In dealing with demand uncertainty, the airlines have offered a choice of Advance-Purchase Discount to secure sufficient seats for both leisure and business travellers. This leaves the question to most travellers, however, on when exactly is the best time to book. This study collected different 5,900 flights operated by 6 major airlines (both low-cost and full-service carriers) in Thai market. Two famous festive events were designated as the departure dates (Songkran and New Year holidays). The study discovered the violation of monotonic property in different areas as fares on booking date closer to departure were found to often lower than those in the preceding booking days. Moreover, according to the fares collected during the period of February 2017 to April 2018, the Low-Cost Carriers were found to consistently provide the lowest airfares. Keywords : advance-purchase discount, airline pricing strategies, low-cost carrier
Value management in IT projects: a study in Brazilian organizations

1/13 Abstract: Nowadays, it has been acknowledged that there is an insufficiency of projects assessment based on scope, time and cost restrictions to ensure the organization’s creation of value. Despite that, this metric keeps being used and, quite often, it is the only one used to assess the project’s success. This study is based on theoretical references to analyze how some Brazilian and multinational organizations manage the creation of value through their Information Technology (IT) project portfolios. This work aims to understand the processes used and identify the main challenges faced by those organizations. To achieve this goal, an exploratory qualitative approach was used, based on semi-structured interviews with IT portfolio managers from 14 companies of several segments and sizes. The research indicated improvement opportunities and showed that few companies effectively assessed the value generation of their projects, prevailing a perspective of dissonant assessment procedures from corporate results, which does not contribute to the organizational improvement and learning process.
A DISTANCE BASED ALGORITHM FOR NETWORK ANOMALY DETECTION USING INITIAL CLASSIFICATION OF ‘PROTOCOL TYPE’ ATTRIBUTE

With the increased use of Internet and Internet of Things (IoT), data is being shared/generated instantaneously between/by various devices that range from small sensors to various appliances. Though this offers lots of tangible benefits, there are certain concerns such as the requirement of faster networks, higher bandwidth and huge storage etc., are there and the major concern is security of the data. The rate of information generation/exchange has increased the significance secure networks. As the network speed and bandwidth are ever increasing, Anomaly detection has attracted the attention of researchers to overcome the difficulties faced in signature based intrusion detection where detecting new attacks are not possible and the other factors which affect intrusion detection such as detection rate and the time required to detect intrusions. In this study a novel algorithm for network anomaly detection based on distance and initial classification of data based on 'protocol type' is proposed. The algorithm is tested with Kyoto University's 2006+ Benchmark dataset (new version of data). The results of the proposed algorithm outperform all the known/commonly used classification algorithms with respect to Detection Rate, False Alarm Rate, Recall and F-score.
A preliminary test on risk and ambiguity attitudes, and time preferences in decisions under uncertainty: towards a better explanation of participation in crop insurance schemes

The exposure of farmers to different (and increasing) risks has been recognized by the EU policy, which supports several risk management tools through the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Despite the vulnerability of the agricultural sector, and the attention paid at the EU level, the uptake of such tools is generally low across EU countries. The Italian case is emblematic: the uptake of subsidized crop insurance contracts is low, limited to few products, and concentrated in few areas. Coherently, the interest of policy makers toward explaining these characteristics and in gaining insights on the interventions that may help promoting participation is intense. This contribution investigates behavioral aspects linked to choices under risk and ambiguity, and account for time preferences in order to mimic the scenario faced by the potential adopters of the subsidized crop insurance contracts in Italy. Data are collected through questionnaires submitted to students from agricultural colleges in three administrative regions located in northern, central and southern Italy. Results show that attitude toward risk, ambiguity, and impatience are correlated with the intrinsic characteristics of respondents. In addition, some of those attitudes may help explaining decisions under uncertainty. Despite the empirical analysis is preliminary and focused on students, it allowed to validate a promising methodological approach capable of explaining farmer’s willingness to adopt (or renew) insurance contracts. By accounting for (currently under-investigated) behavioral aspects, it is likely to prove useful to re-design or implementing, more effectively, the current policies.
AI-enabled business models in legal services: from traditional law firms to next-generation law companies?

What will happen to law firms and the legal profession when the use of artificial intelligence (AI) becomes prevalent in legal services? We address this question by considering three related levels of analysis: tasks, business models, and organizations. First, we review AI’s technical capabilities in relation to tasks, to identify contexts where it is likely to replace or augment humans. AI is capable of doing some, but not all, legal tasks better than lawyers and is augmented by multidisciplinary human inputs. Second, we identify new business models for creating value in legal services by applying AI. These differ from law firms’ traditional legal advisory business model, because they require technological (non-human) assets and multidisciplinary human inputs. Third, we analyze the organizational structure that complements the old and new business models: the professional partnership (P2) is well-adapted to delivering the legal advisory business model, but the centralized management, access to outside capital, and employee incentives offered by the corporate form appear better to complement the new AI-enabled business models. Some law firms are experimenting with pursuing new and old business models in parallel. However, differences in complements create conflicts when business models are combined. These conflicts are partially externalized via contracting and segregated and realigned via vertical integration. Our analysis suggests that law firm experimentation with aligning different business models to distinct organizational entities, along with ethical concerns, will affect the extent to which the legal profession will become ‘hybrid professionals’.
Automatic Modeling and Analysis of Pipelines with Colonies of Corrosion Defects

The prediction of the failure pressure (FP) of pipelines with corrosion defects is the most important issue in structural integrity analysis of high pressure pipeline systems. The Finite Element Method (FEM), provides accurate results in failure pressure prediction. However, the FEM modeling and analysis process of a single pipeline with idealized corrosion defects could take weeks, and it is very repetitive and requires highly specialized engineering. In other work Cabral, H.L. D. (2007) presents a set of computational tools called PIPEFLAW for automatic generation of Finite Element (FE) models of pipelines with idealized corrosion defects. This work presents a new option for automatic generation of FE models with corrosion defects arbitrarily located along the pipeline. These tools are based on the MSC.PATRAN pre and post-process commercial software and the data input to the pre-processor is done through a friendly graphical user interface. The ANSYS software is used for physical and geometric al non-linear analysis to obtain the failure pressure value. The FP obtained by the automatic generated models, is compared with experimental results obtained by burst tests (Benjamin et al, 2005; Benjamin et al, 2006a) and numerical results obtained by manually generated models (Andrade et al, 2006). The obtained results validate the automatic procedure and the FE models built.