Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increasingly emotional design for growingly pragmatic users? A report from Finland

Researchers and practitioners in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) have for a while been embracing the concepts of user and consumer experience as well as emotions in design, encouraging the industry to emphasise hedonic and symbolic qualities of products and services, over and beyond their utilitarian characteristics. However, the idea that mobile phone users, for instance, seek increasingly experience-rich, personalised products can not be taken for granted. Therefore, it is valuable to investigate the degree to which users really share designers' increasingly socio-emotional stances. The presented longitudinal study investigated users' mobile phone-related product meaning, particularly its development from 2004 to 2008. Product meaning was conceptualised in terms of an affective-cognizant choice mode dimension complemented by items capturing utilitarian, hedonic, and symbolic facets of the construct. The findings provide grounds for raising an important discussion about a possible pragmatic shift in product meaning, away from emotional and holistic, towards piecemeal and rational valuation. This would obviously challenge current design maxims. Linking these results to users' personality and mobile phone ownership history, subgroups with notably dissimilar product meaning development could be distinguished mainly with regard to levels of neuroticism, extraversion and brand loyalty – however, not gender.
Strain-Specific Identification of ProbioticLactobacillus rhamnosus with Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Derived PCR Primers

ABSTRACT In the present work, strain-specific PCR primers forLactobacillus rhamnosus Lc 1/3 are described. The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to produce potential strain-specific markers. They were screened for specificity by hybridization with DNA from 11 L. rhamnosus strains. A 613-bp RAPD marker found to be strain-specific was sequenced, and a primer pair specific to L. rhamnosus Lc 1/3 was constructed based on the sequence. The primer pair was tested with 11Lactobacillus species and 11 L. rhamnosusstrains and was found to be strain specific. The nucleotide sequence of the specific RAPD marker was found to contain part of a protein encoding region which showed significant similarity to several transposases for insertion sequence elements of various bacteria, including other lactic acid bacterium species.
Artificial Intelligence and Economic Growth

This paper examines the potential impact of artificial intelligence (A.I.) on economic growth. We model A.I. as the latest form of automation, a broader process dating back more than 200 years. Electricity, internal combustion engines, and semiconductors facilitated automation in the last century, but A.I. now seems poised to automate many tasks once thought to be out of reach, from driving cars to making medical recommendations and beyond. How will this affect economic growth and the division of income between labor and capital? What about the potential emergence of “singularities” and “superintelligence,” concepts that animate many discussions in the machine intelligence community? How will the linkages between A.I. and growth be mediated by firm-level considerations, including organization and market structure? The goal throughout is to refine a set of critical questions about A.I. and economic growth and to contribute to shaping an agenda for the field. One theme that emerges is based on Baumol’s “cost disease” insight: growth may be constrained not by what we are good at but rather by what is essential and yet hard to improve.
The outcome of Charnley total hip arthroplasty with cement after a minimum twenty-year follow-up. The results of one surgeon.

We evaluated the results of 330 total hip arthroplasties that were performed with use of the Charnley prosthesis and cement in 262 patients by the senior one of us between July 1970 and April 1972. All hips had been thoroughly assessed preoperatively to document the patient's functional level. All patients had been disabled because of pain in the hip or a fracture of the hip, and 212 patients (81 per cent) had used walking aids. At a minimum of twenty years after the index operation, eighty-three patients (ninety-eight hips) were still living, 174 patients (224 hips) had died, and five patients (eight hips) had been lost to follow-up. The outcome of the arthroplasty was determined for all except the five latter patients. Thus, the outcome of 322 (98 per cent) of the 330 arthroplasties was known at the latest follow-up evaluation. Radiographs were available for sixty-three of the eighty-three patients (seventy-six [78 per cent] of the ninety-eight hips) who were alive for the entire follow-up period. Of the ninety-eight hips in the living patients, eighty-three (85 per cent) caused no pain, fourteen (14 per cent) caused mild pain, and one (1 per cent) caused moderate pain. Fifty-two hips (53 per cent) were in patients who did not use walking aids, and only seven (7 per cent) were in patients who used support for walking because of the hip. At the minimum twenty-year follow-up, thirty-two (10 per cent) of the 322 hips that had been followed had been revised: eight (2 per cent), because of loosening with infection; twenty-one (7 per cent), because of aseptic loosening; and three (1 per cent), because of dislocation. Of the ninety-eight hips of the patients who were still alive, fifteen (15 per cent) had been revised: three (3 per cent), because of loosening with infection; eleven (11 per cent), because of aseptic loosening; and one (1 per cent), because of dislocation. The rate of revision due to aseptic loosening of the acetabular component in all 322 hips was 6 per cent (eighteen hips), while in the ninety-eight hips of the patients who were alive at least twenty years after the arthroplasty, it was 10 per cent (ten hips). The rate of revision because of aseptic loosening of the femoral component in all 322 hips was 2 per cent (eight hips), while in the ninety-eight hips of the living patients, it was 3 per cent (three hips). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Acid‐sensing ion channel subtype 3 function and immunolabelling increases in skeletal muscle sensory neurons following femoral artery occlusion

Non‐technical summary Limb ischaemia commonly occurs in peripheral artery disease and blood pressure response to stimulation of muscle afferent nerves during exercise activity is augmented in this disease; however, the mechanisms responsible for this physiological process are not well‐known. In this report, expression and function of acid‐sensing ion channels subtype 3 (ASIC3) in muscle afferent nerves were examined following the hindlimb ischaemia induced by femoral artery occlusion. The data provided here suggest that femoral artery occlusion increases ASIC3 expression and responsiveness in muscle sensory neurons. The results help us better understand why the blood pressure response to exercise is exaggerated in patients with peripheral artery disease.
REGIONAL CLEARANCE OF HYDROGEN AS A MEASURE OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW

Recording tissue hydrogen tension to monitor changes of brain blood flow has been proposed by iklisrahy, Clark & Paiterson (1956). A detailed description and validation of a method with implanted Pt electrodes and H2 gas to quantitate regional blood flow has been published by Aukland, Bower & Berliner (1964). Our work is an application to to cerebral structures of the method developed by these last authors. Hydrogen tension in tissue is continuously monitored by recording the current generated by oxidation of molecular hydrogen to'hydrbgen ions at the surface of a platinum electrode, prepared from 0.4 mm Pt wire. The measurements were made in anesthetized cats, whose blood pressure, rectal temperature, EEG, arterial p O 2 and $ 0 2 were recorded, or measured, during the study. Hydrogen was administered for 15 min. through a tracheal cannula, except for the last 2 minutes when inhalation was discontinued and saline equilibrated with hydrogen was infused into one of the lingual arteries. As the blood: gas partition coefficient for hydrogen is low (0.018), hydrogen is cleared rapidly from the blood in the lungs, and the arterial concentration goes down to close to zero, when infusion is discontinued and tissue clearance is recorded. When lingual infusion is stopped, the hydrogen concentration in the abdominal aorta is less than 7 per cent of the value reached during inhalation. After 1 minute the arterial concentration is down to 2-3 per cent, and aftcr two minutes to 1-1.5 per cent. The principles involved in this method are an application of the theory of inert gas exchanges in tissue ( K e t y 1960). The equation for the Fick principle, applied to a single organ, can be written for the specific case when tissue concentration (Ci) is known, and arterial concentration is constant and zero during desaturation, as :
Integrin α2β1 mediates interactions between developing embryonic retinal cells and collagen

In the developing nervous system, the extracellular matrix provides a source of extrinsic cues to guide determination of cell fate, neuroblast migration, axon outgrowth and synapse formation. In the neural retina, undifferentiated neuroepithelial precursor cells contact extracellular matrix that contains multiple collagen types. Collagens have been shown to support retinal cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth, but the integrin receptors mediating neuronal responses are not understood. Here we provide evidence that integrin α2β1 acts as a collagen receptor in the developing avian retina and examine its expression pattern. Using a recently described monoclonal antibody, MEP-17, α2 protein was detected in the developing retina by immunofluorescence in tissue sections and dissociated cells, and by immunoprecipitation. At embryonic day 4 (E4), when the majority of retinal cells are undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells, α2 immunoreactivity in sections was widespread and about half of cells dissociated in culture were α2 positive. At E6, after the retinal ganglion cell layer had differentiated, immunoreactivity in sections decreased in the central, more developed portion of the retina and 25% of dissociated cells were α2 positive. E6 retinal ganglion cells, identified by neurofilament immunoreactivity, did not express detectable α2 immunoreactivity. Immunoprecipitation experiments using E6 extracts demonstrated that the α2 subunit was paired with the β1 integrin subunit. By E12, α2 immunoreactivity in sections was confined to the extreme peripheral retina, although the antigen may be masked since expression levels comparable to or slightly higher than E6 could be detected in dissociated cells and extracts. By employing function blocking antibodies, it was shown that α2β1 integrin is necessary for cell adhesion and process outgrowth by embryonic retinal cells on collagens I and IV. Although α2 expression continued through E12, α2 activity was down regulated with increasing embryonic age, since α2-dependent adhesion and outgrowth declined. These data suggest a role for α2β1 in neuroepithelial cell interactions with collagen rather than for axon extension by retinal ganglion cells. SUMMARY
The Impact of Transformational Leadership and Empowerment on Employee Job Stress

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of transformational leadership (TL) and employee empowerment (EE) on employee job stress (JS). This study also extends the findings of Gill et al. [1] related to the factors that mitigate job stress in the service industry. A survey research (a non-experimental field study design) was utilized. The current study consists of a population of Indian hospitality industry employees. A convenience sampling method was applied to select and recruit the research participants. Data were collected using questionnaires. The p < . 05 significance level was used to accept or reject the null hypotheses. The results suggest that the improvement in the level of perceived TL used by managers and EE mitigate the job stress of customer contact service employees (CCSEs) in the Indian hospitality industry. The results also show that TL and EE mitigate the job stress of CCSEs in the Indian hotel industry.
Bacterial diversity in a glacier foreland of the high Arctic

Over the past 100 years, Arctic temperatures have increased at almost twice the global average rate. One consequence is the acceleration of glacier retreat, exposing new habitats that are colonized by microorganisms whose diversity and function are unknown. Here, we characterized bacterial diversity along two approximately parallel chronosequences in an Arctic glacier forefield that span six time points following glacier retreat. We assessed changes in phylotype richness, evenness and turnover rate through the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences recovered from 52 samples taken from surface layers along the chronosequences. An average of 4500 sequences was obtained from each sample by 454 pyrosequencing. Using parametric methods, it was estimated that bacterial phylotype richness was high, and that it increased significantly from an average of 4000 (at a threshold of 97% sequence similarity) at locations exposed for 5 years to an average of 7050 phylotypes per 0.5 g of soil at sites that had been exposed for 150 years. Phylotype evenness also increased over time, with an evenness of 0.74 for 150 years since glacier retreat reflecting large proportions of rare phylotypes. The bacterial species turnover rate was especially high between sites exposed for 5 and 19 years. The level of bacterial diversity present in this High Arctic glacier foreland was comparable with that found in temperate and tropical soils, raising the question whether global patterns of bacterial species diversity parallel that of plants and animals, which have been found to form a latitudinal gradient and be lower in polar regions compared with the tropics.
Schizophrenia and assaultive behaviour: the role of alcohol and drug abuse

To assess the role of alcohol and drug abuse among schizophrenics with assaultive behaviour, we analysed case records of 38 patients who were responsible for a total of 71 violent offences between 1972 and 1986. They were identified from a population‐based cohort of 644 individuals with schizophrenia hospitalized in Stockholm County during 1971. Fourteen of the 38 offenders abused alcohol and/or drugs and another 7 were probable abusers. These figures are higher than previously reported as regards abuse among schizophrenics. Most of the offences were peformed by nonhospitalized patients who had been ill for many years. The nature of most of the violent incidents resembled that of offences committed by non‐psychotic individuals. Our findings give further evidence for the role of abuse and social disintegration in assaultive behaviour among persons with schizophrenia.
Spatial and temporal regulation of coronary vessel formation by calcineurin-NFAT signaling

Formation of the coronary vasculature requires reciprocal signaling between endothelial, epicardially derived smooth muscle and underlying myocardial cells. Our studies show that calcineurin-NFAT signaling functions in endothelial cells within specific time windows to regulate coronary vessel development. Mouse embryos exposed to cyclosporin A (CsA), which inhibits calcineurin phosphatase activity, failed to develop normal coronary vasculature. To determine the cellular site at which calcineurin functions for coronary angiogenesis, we deleted calcineurin in endothelial, epicardial and myocardial cells. Disruption of calcineurin-NFAT signaling in endothelial cells resulted in the failure of coronary angiogenesis, recapitulating the coronary phenotype observed in CsA-treated embryos. By contrast, deletion of calcineurin in either epicardial or myocardial cells had no effect on coronary vasculature during early embryogenesis. To define the temporal requirement for NFAT signaling, we treated developing embryos with CsA at overlapping windows from E9.5 to E12.5 and examined coronary development at E12.5. These experiments demonstrated that calcineurin-NFAT signaling functions between E10.5 and E11.5 to regulate coronary angiogenesis. Consistent with these in vivo observations, endothelial cells exposed to CsA within specific time windows in tissue culture were unable to form tubular structures and their cellular responses to VEGF-A were blunted. Thus, our studies demonstrate specific temporal and spatial requirements of NFAT signaling for coronary vessel angiogenesis. These requirements are distinct from the roles of NFAT signaling in the angiogenesis of peripheral somatic vessels, providing an example of the environmental influence of different vascular beds on the in vivo endothelial responses to angiogenic stimuli.
Distributed Interference Mitigation in Time-Varying Radio Environment

Currently, most existing studies on the problem of interference mitigation, e.g., [1–10], have assumed that the interference channel gains are static. Based on such an ideal assumption, there are several nongame theoretic [1, 9] and game-theoretic [2–8, 10] interference mitigation approaches. However, the assumption of static channels is not true since they are always time-varying in practice, which is the inherent feature of wireless communications. In this chapter, we consider a multiuser, multichannel opportunistic spectrum access network, where the users choose orthogonal channels to mitigate mutual interference [4, 5, 7–10]. The considered network is completed distributed, as there is no centralized controller and no information exchange among users. To address the time-varying nature of wireless communication, it is assumed that the channels undergo block-fading. Block-fading means that the channel gains remain unchanged in a slot but change randomly in the next slot, which is realistic and has been extensively used in the past literature. Following the similar ideas proposed in [6, 9, 10], in which the weighted aggregate interference for static channels isminimized, the network utility in this chapter is naturally extended to the expected weighted aggregate interference for time-varying channels. As a result, the optimization objective is to find channel selection profiles that minimize this network utility in a distributed manner. Since the channel selections of the users are distributed and autonomous, we formulate the problem of opportunistic spectrum access as a noncooperative game. With the formulated game model, we then propose a stochastic automata-based distributed learning algorithm, which converges to pure strategy NE of the interference mitigation game in timevarying environment. Note that the main analysis and results in this chapter were presented in [11].
The Impact of Whatsapp Messenger Usage on Students Performance in Tertiary Institutions in Ghana

The perceived high level of usage of social networking applications amongst students of tertiary institutions in Ghana is inevitable. However, little is understood from empirical viewpoint about the intensity, of usage of whatsapp messenger and its impact on the academic performance of students in tertiary institutions. This study seeks to empirically identify the impact of social network (whatsapp messenger) on the performance of tertiary students in Ghana from the perspective of the students. To achieve this, 50 students from five tertiary institutions were interviewed and 500 questionnaires were administered to students from same institutions. The study revealed that, whatsapp instead of making communication easier and faster thereby enhancing effective flow of information and idea sharing among students, rather has impacted negatively on the performance of tertiary students in Ghana . The study among other things unveiled the following: whatsapp takes much of students study time , results in procrastination related problems, destroys students’ spellings and grammatical construction of sentences, leads to lack of concentration during lectures, results in difficulty in balancing online activities (whatsapp) and academic preparation and distracts students from completing their assignments and adhering to their private studies time table. Key w ords : Whatsapp Messenger, Impact, Students Performance, Tertiary institutions, Ghana.
FMNL2 is a positive regulator of cell motility and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma

FMNL2 is a member of diaphanous‐related formins which act as effectors of Rho family GTPases and control the actin‐dependent processes such as cell motility or invasion. We previously found that FMNL2 overexpression in metastatic cell lines and tissues of colorectal carcinoma is associated with more aggressive tumour behaviour. Here we used gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function approaches to investigate the effects of FMNL2 on colorectal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Forced expression of FMNL2 caused a significant increase in tumour cell proliferation, motility, invasion in vitro, and metastasis in vivo, whereas FMNL2 depletion showed opposite effects. We examined gene expression profiles following knockdown of FMNL2 in SW480/M5 cells. Expression of 323 genes was up‐regulated by more than two‐fold, whereas 222 genes were down‐regulated by more than two‐fold in FMNL2‐depleting SW480/M5 cells. Gene ontology analysis showed that most of genes belong to functional categories such as cell cycle, cytoskeleton, transcription factor, and G‐protein modulator. Pathway analysis revealed that cytoskeletal regulation by the Rho GTPase pathway, the Wnt pathway, the G‐protein pathway, and the P53 pathway were affected by FMNL2. Many of these genes are in functional networks associated with cell proliferation, metastasis, Wnt or the Rho signalling pathway involved in the regulation of FMNL2. The expression of five differentially expressed genes including CXXC4, CD200, VAV1, CSF1, and EPHA2 was validated by real‐time PCR and western blot analysis. Thus, FMNL2 is a positive regulator of cell motility, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Women’s perspectives toward menopause: A phenomenological study in Iran

ABSTRACT This study explores the attitude and feelings toward menopause among Azeri menopausal women using hermeneutic phenomenology based on Van Manen’s approach. A total of 18 menopausal women who were attended in urban health centers of Tabriz, Iran, were recruited using a purposive sampling method. Data were gathered through semistructured interviews. Each interview was transcribed verbatim and analyzed simultaneously. Data analysis led to the emergence of five main themes: positive attitude, neutral attitude, negative attitude, positive feelings, and negative feelings. Participants had different feelings and attitude. Acceptance of menopause as a natural process helps women to have a neutral attitude toward menopause.