Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response of Three Soybean Genotypes to Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium and Some Rhizobacteria under Calcareous Soil Condition

A field trail was conducted during the two successive summer seasons of 2011 and 2012, at Nubaria Agricultural Research Station, to study the effect of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum either solely or in combination with some rhizobacteria i.e. Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus megaterium as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on nodulation, growth and productivity of three soybean genotypes i.e. Hybrid 30, Giza 21 and Giza 22. Results of combined analysis could be summarized as follows: The highest values of number and dry weight of nodules/plant, shoot dry weight/plant at 60 DAS and plant height were obtained from Hybrid 30. The maximum values of pods number/plant and 100 seed weight were recorded by Hybrid 30. While, seed and straw yields were obtained by Giza 22. The maximum values of phosphorus and nitrogen contents of shoot at 60 DAS were recorded by Hybrid 30. Crude protein percentage of seeds and straw recorded the highest values in Giza 22, while, the minimum values were obtained by Giza 21. Bradyrhizobium in combination with each of the tested rhizobacteria exhibited significant increases in nodulation status, shoot dry weight/plant, branches number/plant, plant height, pods number/plant, 100 seed weight, seed and straw yields, as well as phosphorus content of shoot and crud protein content of seeds and straw compared with plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium alone. On the other hand, nitrogen content of shoot recorded the maximum value with inoculated soybean seeds by Bradyrhizobium plus B. mega. compared with other inoculation treatments. Total microbial counts in the rhizosphere of soybean were markedly affected by biofertilization types: Brady. + B. poly. + B. mega. > Brady. + B. mega > Brady. + B. poly. > Brady. Total microbial counts and CO2 evaluation were higher in the second season than in the first one and the high densities of both were obtained by using the triple biofertilization treatment on Hybrid 30 seeds. The interaction between soybean genotypes and inoculation recorded the highest values for number and dry weight of nodules/plant, shoot dry weight/plant, plant height, pods number/plant, 100 seed weight and phosphorus content of shoot when Hybrid 30 seeds inoculated with Bradyrhizobium in combination with B. polymyxa and B. megaterium. While, the maximum values of branches number /plant, straw and seed yields as well as crude protein contents of seeds and straw were obtained when Giza 22 seeds received inoculation with Bradyrhizobium plus B. polymyxa and B. megaterium. The highest value of nitrogen content of shoot were recorded when Hybrid 30 seeds inoculated with Bradyrhizobium in combination with B. megaterium.
Proteomic pro fi ling of splenic interstitial fl uid of malnourished mice infected with Leishmania infantum reveals defects on cell proliferation and pro-in fl ammatory response

Protein malnutrition is a risk factor for developing visceral leishmaniasis. Because we previously demonstrated that protein malnutrition and infection with Leishmania infantum disrupts the splenic microarchitecture in BALB/ c mice, alters T cell-subsets and increases splenic parasite load, we hypothesize that splenic microenvironment is precociously compromised in infected animals that suffered a preceding malnutrition. To evaluate this, we characterized the abundance of proteins secreted in the splenic interstitial fluid (IF) using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach. In addition, local levels of pro-inflammatory and proliferation molecules were analyzed. Whereas well-nourished infected animals showed increased IL-1β and IL-2 levels, malnourished-infected mice displayed significant reduction of these cytokines. Remarkably, a two-weeks infection with L. infantum already modified protein abundance in the splenic IF of well-nourished mice, but malnourished animals failed to respond to infection in the same fashion. Malnutrition induced significant reduction of chemotactic and pro-inflammatory molecules as well as of proteins involved in nucleic acid and amino acid metabolism, indicating an impaired proliferative microenvironment. Accordingly, a significant decrease in Ki67 expression was observed, suggesting that splenocyte proliferation is compromised in malnourished animals. Together, our results show that malnutrition compromises the splenic microenvironment and alters the immune response to the parasite in malnourished individuals. Significance: Protein malnutrition is recognized as an important epidemiological risk factor for developing visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Locally secreted factors present in the interstitial fluid have important roles in initiating immune responses and in regulating fluid volume during inflammation. However, the regulation of secreted factors under pathological conditions such as malnutrition and infection are widely unknown. To analyze how protein malnutrition alters secreted proteins involved in the immune response to L. infantum infection we evaluated the proteomic profile of the interstitial fluid of the spleen in malnourished BALB/c mice infected with L. infantum. Our work revealed new elements that contribute to the understanding of the immunopathological events in the spleen of malnourished animals infected with L. infantum and opens new pathways for consideration of other aspects that could improve VL treatment in malnourished individuals. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot. 2019.103492 Received 30 June 2019; Received in revised form 14 August 2019; Accepted 16 August 2019 ⁎ Corresponding author at: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail address: patricia.cuervo@fiocruz.br (P. Cuervo). Journal of Proteomics 208 (2019) 103492 Available online 18 August 2019 1874-3919/ © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. T
Parents ’ Beliefs and Children ’ s Education : Experimental Evidence from Malawi ⇤

Do parents’ inaccurate beliefs about their children’s academic performance cause them to misallocate their educational investments? I conduct a field experiment in Malawi and find that providing parents with academic performance information causes them to reallocate their investments, roughly tripling the correlation of investments with academic performance. For example, most parents believe that schooling is more valuable for higher performers; information thus increases retention in school among higher-performing students and decreases retention among lower-performing students. Parents’ reallocations a↵ect a broad range of outcomes, including textbook purchases, retention in primary school, and resources for secondary school. The evidence also suggests that poorer parents have less accurate beliefs than richer, more-educated parents, and often respond more to information. Inaccurate beliefs may thus exacerbate inequalities between richer and poorer households or societies. ⇤I am very grateful to Pascaline Dupas, Caroline Hoxby, and Seema Jayachandran for their guidance, and to Ran Abramitzky, Abhijit Banerjee, Jim Berry, Marianne Bertrand, Nick Bloom, Doug Bernheim, Manasi Deshpande, Celine Dizon, Elise Dizon-Ross, Natalie Douvos, Esther Duflo, Alex Eble, Liran Einav, Nick Hagerty, Rema Hanna, Johannes Haushofer, Yael Hochberg, Anil Jain, Asim Khwaja, Anjini Kochar, Dan Lee, Shirlee Lichtman, Matthew Lowe, Rachael Meager, Ben Olken, Arianna Ornaghi, Jonah Rocko↵, Sheldon Ross, Ashish Shenoy, Fabiana Silva, Melanie Wasserman, Tom Wollmann, Jenny Ying, Owen Zidar and workshop participants at Stanford, MIT, and Harvard, and seminar participants at Princeton, Yale, Columbia, University of Chicago, Chicago Booth, Northwestern, Harvard Business School, Stanford GSB, UCLA, UCSD, Stanford, Columbia Teacher’s College, NBER Development Fall 2014, NBER Education Spring 2014, PacDEV 2014, and NEUDC 2013 for helpful comments and discussions. I thank Bridget Ho↵mann, Rachel Levenson, and Michael Roscitt for help with the fieldwork, and Christine Cai for excellent research assistance. I appreciate the generous support of the Endowment in Memory of B.F. Haley and E.S. Shaw, Innovations for Poverty Action, the National Science Foundation (DDRIG 1156155), the Russell Sage Foundation, the Shultz Graduate Student Fellowship, SIEPR, the Stanford Economics Department, and the DDRO and GRO Funds. All errors are my own. Contact: rdr@chicagobooth.edu.
Predictive role of CHADS 2 and CHA 2 DS 2-VASc scores on stroke and thromboembolism in patients without atrial fibrillation : a meta-analysis

Objective: CHA2DS2-VASc is the extension of the CHADS2 score developed by Birmingham 2009. This risk stratification schema is often used in clinical setting when considering additional risk factors for developing stroke in AF patients. However, its role in the non-AF population is unknown. This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of the CHADS2 and the CHA2DS2-VASc scoring systems. Methods: Studies designed for CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score in stratifying the risks for stroke development in non-AF patients were included. Results: Among the 114 studies identified, six trials were chosen finally and included for metaanalysis. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc was 2.86 (95% CI 1⁄41.83–4.28) and 2.80 (95% CI 1⁄41.83–4.28), respectively. CHA2DS2-VASc score was of better sensitivity than CHADS2 score (0.920 vs. 0.768). However, both scores were showed to have inherent heterogeneity and poor specificity. Conclusions: Though having good diagnostic accuracy, the clinical application of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores in predicting risk of stroke development in non-AF patients still needs further validation.
HOME RANGE AND HABITAT USE OF BREEDING SWAINSON ' S HAWKS IN THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY OF CALIFORNIA

ABSTI•1⁄2T. --Four adult Swainson's hawks (Buteo swainsoni) were radiotagged along the Sacramento River in 1992. The mean home range (minimum convex polygon) was 4038.4 ha (40.4 km2). Core areas of intensive use (adaptive kernal) by nesting Swainson's hawks ranged from 25.9-82.2 ha. Individual hawks foraged as far as 22.5 km from the nest. In the Sacramento Valley, foraging ranges and total home range area were strongly influenced by agricultural patterns and cover types. Ruderal and fallow fields, grain crops, and safflower were the vegetative cover types that ranked highest in foraging use. The predominance of less suitable cover types within the study area may explain the relatively large home ranges exhibited by the Swainson's hawks in this study.
Assessment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Functional Disorders of the Alimentary Canal in Children

Background. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is the excessive growth of nonpathogenic bacterial flora in the upper part of the small intestine. Its diagnosis is based on direct and indirect methods, such as the hydro− gen breath test, which is widely used in children. Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are among the most frequently diagnosed in children and they limit their daily activities. The symptoms of SIBO and lactose intolerance may be overlooked in patients with some functional diseases of the GI tract due to similar clinical symptoms. In contrast to functional diseases of the GI tract, SIBO may significantly disturb the digestion and absorption of food ingredients, leading to disturbances in physical development. Objectives. Assessment of the prevalence of SIBO in selected functional disorders of the GI system in children, i.e. functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Disturbance of lactose absorption and lactose intol− erance were also assessed. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 136 children (86 girls and 50 boys, 5.5–17 years of age) treat− ed during 2007–2008 for chronic abdominalgia, suspicion of functional dyspepsia, and IBS with diarrhea and con− stipation. The hydrogen breath test was performed in all patients. Results. The hydrogen breath test revealed SIBO in more than half of the patients with constipation−predominant IBS (54.55%) and rarely in patients with diarrhea−predominant IBS (2.86%). Lactose malabsorption was observed in 37.14% of diarrhea−predominant IBS, 27.85% of functional dyspepsia, and only 4.55% of constipation−pre− dominant IBS patients. Lactose intolerance was observed more frequently in diarrhea−predominant IBS (37.14%) and functional dyspepsia (31.65%) patients and in only 4.55% of constipation−dominant IBS patients. Conclusions. SIBO was significantly greater in constipation−predominant IBS than in diarrhea−predominant IBS and functional dyspepsia patients and in controls without GI symptoms. Symptoms of lactose intolerance were more frequent in diarrhea−predominant IBS and functional dyspepsia patients (Adv Clin Exp Med 2009, 18, 5, 493–500).
Integral Equations and Operator Theory Cm Positive Eigenvectors for Linear Operators Arising in the Computation of Hausdor ff Dimension

We consider a broad class of linear Perron–Frobenius operators Λ : X → X, where X is a real Banach space of C functions. We prove the existence of a strictly positive C eigenvector v with eigenvalue r = r(Λ) = the spectral radius of Λ. We prove (see Theorem 6.5 in Sect. 6 of this paper) that r(Λ) is an algebraically simple eigenvalue and that, if σ(Λ) denotes the spectrum of the complexification of Λ,σ(Λ)\{r(Λ)} ⊆ {ζ ∈ C ∣|ζ| ≤ r∗}, where r∗ < r(Λ). Furthermore, if u ∈ X is any strictly positive function, ( 1rΛ) (u) → suv as k → ∞, where su > 0 and convergence is in the norm topology on X. In applications to the computation of Hausdorff dimension, one is given a parametrized family Λs, s > s∗, of such operators and one wants to determine the (unique) value s0 such that r(Λs0) = 1. In another paper (Falk and Nussbaum in C Eigenfunctions of Perron–Frobenius operators and a new approach to numerical computation of Hausdorff dimension, submitted) we prove that explicit estimates on the partial derivatives of the positive eigenvector vs of Λs can be obtained and that this information can be used to give rigorous, sharp upper and lower bounds for s0. Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary: 47A53, 47A75, 47B65; Secondary: 28A78, 27A80.
Effect of Adding Lemongrass and Lime Peel Extracts on Chicken Patties Quality

Lemon grass and lime peel extracts (fresh and oil) were investigated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The optimum concentrations of the extracts were established and added to chicken patties. Some chemical and microbial characteristics of the prepared patties during storage for 9 days at 4°C were evaluated. Results indicated that the extracts showed high potential antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. The oil extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activity than fresh extracts. Methanolic extract of lemongrass showed significant high antioxidant activity equivalent to gallic acid and to BHA. Water and methanolic extracts of lime peel were of higher inhibition DPPH % radical compared to of lemon grass extracts. During the storage period of prepared chicken patties the optimum concentration of the tested oil extracts used as antioxidants was effective against TBARS formation and inhibited lipid oxidation. pH values of the control patty samples were higher than the other tested samples. Addition of the tested oil extracts reduced the aerobic plate count (APC), mould and yeast counts in the prepared chicken patties and caused decrease in volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) %. It was noticed that addition of optimum concentration of lemongrass and lime peel extracts to chicken patties resulted in a marked reduction in histamine, tyramine and putrescine formation. So, lemongrass and lime peel extracts can play an important role as antioxidant and antibacterial agents in refrigerated chicken patties.
eu CHARACTERIZATIONS OF POINTWISE-I-CONTINUOUS , POINTWISE-I-OPEN AND POINTWISE-I-CLOSED MAPS

We obtain new characterizations of pointwise-I open (closed, continuous) maps with respect to an ideal I by using the concept of local function and # operator. We also generalize some known results. In addition various characterizations of pointwise-I-continuous onto maps in terms of saturated sets and pointwise-I-continuous injective maps are given. AMS Subject Classification: 54C08, 54C10
Cyberbullying Blocker Application for Android

Humiliating and slandering people through Internet existed almost since the beginning of communication through this medium. The introduction of new types of devices connecting to the Internet, such as smartphones and tablet computers further facilitated the process of cyberbullying. To deal with this problem we developed an application for Android smartphones which automatically detects a possible harmful content in text. The application can use one of two methods for detection of harmful messages: a method inspired by a brute force search algorithm applied to language modelling, or a method which uses seed words from three categories to calculate semantic orientation score SO-PMI-IR and then maximize the relevance of categories to specify harmfulness of a message. First tests showed that both methods are working under the Android environment.
Technological platforms An assessment of the primary types of technological platforms , their strategic issues and their linkages to organizational theory

The concept of a platform describes a set of system components that is strongly interdependent with most other system components, and that also codetermines the architecture of the system’s outcome. This concept underlies all kinds of technology-based products, collaborations that produce multi-product systems, and transactions between distinct sets of market participants. In this paper, I provide an overview of the growing scientific literature on technological platforms, and also identify three distinct, but related, literature streams: (1) product platforms; (2) industry platforms; and (3) two-sided markets. In doing so, I focus on empirical studies and mathematical models. For each stream, I then go on to describe the type of platform that the stream relates to, review the stream’s major studies (sorted by key strategic issues), and summarize and synthesize the overall findings before linking them to organizational theory and highlighting some potential gaps for future examination. In closing, I move to a comparison across streams and identify some currently unexplored aspects of the platform concept.
Electronic Banking Uptake in Zimbabwe

Although Zimbabwe has few banks, the uptake of e-banking facilities is at a slow pace. The reasons behind this are not known. Only 13% of the Zimbabwean banking customers used e-banking products. To carry out this study, the researchers chose mixed research methodology. Open-ended and closed questionnaires were used to collect data . Data analysis showed that 43% of the customers had less than 5 years computer usage experience. The banks did not do enough customer training and advertising of their e-banking products. The banks had invested more on automatic teller machines and avoided 4G technologies as they lacked technical support, capacity and funds. Customer resistance to e-banking was due to lack of confidence as well as little knowledge on the system benefits.
FINANCE RESEARCH SEMINAR

We propose an equilibrium model of over-the-counter corporate bond trading with short selling, asymmetric information and dealer inventory costs. The model predicts that higher inventory costs impose implicit short-sale constraints and are thus associated with lower price efficiency. We construct bond-level proxies for inventory costs and provide empirical evidence in support of the model’s prediction. Our findings suggest that tighter post-GFC regulation may have had unintended consequences for corporate bond market quality. JEL Classifications: G14, G24, G30
ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE STATUS AND FRAILTY OF ELDER ELDERLY LIVING AT HOME

As a result of increased population aging, an important rise in morbidity can be verified, not only referent to the emergence of chronic illnesses, but also the detection of important cognitive changes and physical disabilities. One example is frailty, a syndrome defined as a physiological condition of greater vulnerability to stressors, involving biological, physical, cognitive, social, economic and environmental factors. Thus, the objective in this study was to assess the cognitive status, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and frailty through the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), as well as to identify the relations between the cognitive function and frailty in elder elderly living at home. A cross-sectional observation study was undertaken. Data were collected at home with ethics committee approval. Fifty elderly were interviewed with a mean age of 84.48 years, mostly female, married and predominantly with low education levels. It was observed that 83.3% of non-frail elderly do not display any cognitive deficit. Among the frail elderly, 20.4% presented cognitive deficit, 30% of whom were women. A correlation was verified between the gross MMSE score, age and frailty in the study sample. From these data, there is the importance of a multidimensional geriatric evaluation with special attention to the cognitive state and frailty. It’s suggested that the MMSE and EFS are instruments to used in this assessment of the elderly.
Evaluating Web Archive Information Retrieval Systems

The information published on the web is rapidly vanishing along with our collective memory. At least 77 web archives have been developed to cope with the web’s transience problem, but despite their technology having achieved a good maturity level, the retrieval effectiveness they provide still presents unsatisfactory results. In this work, we propose an evaluation methodology based on a list of requirements compiled from characterizations of web archives and their users. The methodology includes the design of a test collection and the selection of evaluation measures to support realistic and reproducible experiments. The test collection enabled, for the first time, to measure the effectiveness of state-of-the-art IR technology employed in web archives. Results confirm that the quality of results returned to the users is poor. However, we show how to combine temporal features, along with the regular topical features, to improve the search effectiveness on web archives. The test collection is available to the research community.
Characterization and variability of sweetpotato virus Y , a hitherto unrecognized potyvirus infecting sweetpotato in Southern Africa

The biological and molecular properties of a sweetpotato virus isolate formerly known as Sweetpotato virus 2 were determined. The virus had flexuous filamentous particles, induced cylindrical inclusions in infected cells and was experimentally transmitted by Myzus persicae. Sequence analysis of its coat protein and 3' non-translated region revealed that the virus is a distinct potyvirus, for which the name Sweetpotato virus Y (SPVY) is proposed. Sweetpotato chlorotic stunt crinivirus (SPCSV) synergized SPVY in Ipomoea setosa in mixed infections. Unlike plants that were infected only with SPVY or a Kenyan isolate (KY-38) of SPCSV and largely showed no symptoms, dually infected plants had significantly higher titres and a more uniform distribution of SPVY and showed conspicuous symptoms of SPVY infections. Comparisons of coat protein CP gene sequences of geographically diverse isolates of SPVY revealed amino acid sequence identities ranging from 86 to 100%. The results strongly suggest the existence of biologically and genetically diverse strains of SPVY from Southern Africa.