Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Emollient with Topical Corticosteroid‐Sparing Effect in Treatment of Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: SCORAD and Quality of Life Improvement

Abstract: Emollients are commonly used for their effectiveness on atopic skin, supported by a few clinical studies suggesting their potential role as corticosteroid sparing agents. We investigated the effect of a new natural emollient on corticosteroid sparing and quality of life of young atopic children and their family. Eighty‐six patients (4–48 mos) with moderate atopic dermatitis were randomized by 20 pediatricians to five groups for 21 days: corticosteroids (from twice daily to one application every other day) combined or not with the studied cream (twice daily), and evaluated by SCORAD and specific quality of life questionnaires. At the end of the study, all five groups were statistically improved in terms of SCORAD and quality of life index. Thus, application of a topical corticosteroid every other day in addition to the studied cream was as effective as a once or twice daily application of the steroid alone. The studied cream had a significant impact on lichenification, excoriation and quality of life. A twice daily application of a new natural emollient provided a major corticosteroid sparing, improved lichenification and excoriation and improved the quality of life in children and their parents.
Survival time and molecular subtypes of breast cancer after radiotherapy in Thailand.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is an important cause of death among women. One way of classifying different forms of breast cancer is by molecular features, usually in terms of the four subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and triple negative. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between molecular subtypes and survival among breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The subjects were 272 breast cancer patients who had received treatment in the radiotherapy unit at Srinagarind Hospital, Thailand, between 1 January, 1999, and 31 May, 2009. The end of the study was 1 June, 2014. Overall survival was defined as the time elapsing between initial registration at the radiotherapy unit and death or the end of the study. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and a multivariate analysis was performed using Cox's proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS The patient mean age was 47.5±10.4 at the time of diagnosis. Of the 272 patients, 146 (53.7%) were classified as luminal A, 12 (4.4%) as luminal B, 30 (11.0%) as HER2-enriched, and 84 (30.9%) as triple negative. The overall survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 87.1%, 68.4% and 59.2%, respectively. According to molecular subtypes, HER2-enriched patients had the lowest 5-year survival rate (30.0 %, 95%CI: 15.02-46.55). The median follow-up time was 8.37 years. In the Cox model analysis a higher risk of death was found for patients with HER2-enriched (HRadj=3.34, 95%CI:1.96-5.67), triple negative (HRadj=2.17, 95%CI: 1.44-3.27), and stage IIlB (HRadj=2.20, 95%CI: 1.16-4.17) cancers. CONCLUSIONS The worst survival rates were among patients classified as HER2-enriched, triple negative and at stage IIIB. Early detection and an advanced treatment modality are needed to help these patients.
Changes in intra-abdominal pressure and central venous and brain venous blood pressure in patients during extracorporeal circulation.

BACKGROUND The aim was to analyze IAP changes and the relationships between IAP, CVP, and brain venous blood pressure, which are still unknown, in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with extracorporeal circulation. MATERIAL/METHODS Twenty-five male patients (aged 53-67 years) underwent CABG under general anesthesia with normovolemic hemodilution. IAPs were measured in the urinary bladder, CVP by left internal jugular vein cannulation, and brain venous blood pressure by retrograde cannulation of the right jugular vein bulb (JVP, jugular vein pressure) at seven time-points: 1) after induction of anesthesia before the operation, 2) during internal thoracic artery preparation, 3) 10 minutes after heart-lung machine disconnection, 4) after procedure completion, before sending the patient to the intensive postoperative care unit, 5) one hour after the procedure, 6) 6 hours after the procedure, and 7) 18 hours after the procedure. RESULTS IAP increased from points 3 to 6. CVP increased from points 3, 4, and 5 and decreased at point 7. Similar changes were noted in JVP. There were significant correlations between IAP and CVP at points 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, IAP and JVP at points 3, 4, and 5, and CVP and JVP at all points. The overall analysis showed correlations between IAP and CVP and JVP and very strong correlation between CVP and JVP. CONCLUSIONS 1) CABG with extracorporeal circulation resulted in increases in IAP, CVP, and brain venous blood pressure. 2) The changes in CVP and brain venous blood pressure correlated with intra-abdominal pressure.
Inductive Power Transfer for Massive Electric Bicycles Charging Based on Hybrid Topology Switching With a Single Inverter

It is more convenient and safer to employ inductive power transfer (IPT) systems to charge the battery pack of electric bicycles (EBs) than conventional plug-in systems. An IPT charging method suitable for charging massive EBs is proposed to achieve constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) output without feedback control strategies or communication link between transmitter side and receiver side. Two ac switches (ACSs) and an auxiliary capacitor utilized at receiver side are employed to be operated once to change the charging modes from CC mode to CV mode. The characteristics of the load-independent current output in the CC mode and load-independent voltage output in the CV mode are achieved by properly selecting the passive parameters of inductances and capacitors, so that no sophisticated control strategies are required to regulate the output as per the charging profile. The feasibility of proposed method has been verified with an experimental prototype in form of efficiency, stability of output current and voltage in CC/CV mode. The simple and economical approach is suitable for the massive EBs charging system with only one inverter, especially in China.
Comparative evaluation of single application of 2% whole turmeric gel versus 1% chlorhexidine gel in chronic periodontitis patients: A pilot study

Aim: To evaluate and compare the clinical effects of topical subgingival application of 2% whole turmeric gel and 1% chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients suffering from chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with localized or generalized chronic periodontitis with a pocket depth of 5-7 mm were selected. In each patient, on completion of SRP, three non-adjacent sites in three different quadrants were randomly divided into three different groups, that is, Group I: Those receiving 2% turmeric gel, Group II: Those receiving 1% chlorhexidine gel (Hexigel), and Group III: SRP alone (control site). Plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and clinical attachment levels were determined at baseline, 30 days, and 45 days. Results: Group II as a local drug system was better than Group III. Group I showed comparable improvement in all the clinical parameters as Group II. Conclusions: The experimental local drug delivery system containing 2% whole turmeric gel helped in reduction of probing depth and gain of clinical attachment levels.
A novel modified central switch DC-DC converter for solar energized SRM driven irrigation pump

This paper proposes a modified central switch dc-to-dc converter for photovoltaic (PV) array powered switched reluctance motor (SRM) driven irrigation pumping system. The proposed dc-to-dc converter offers continuous input PV current with low ripple content. It also enhances the PV panel efficiency and reduces its required size. Moreover, the presence of dc capacitor across the switch of proposed converter acts as a snubber and provides extra switching protection. The motor speed is smoothly adjusted via variable DC link voltage. This technique provides an opportunity to reduce the required number of voltage and current sensors in the system. The proposed dc-to-dc converter working in continuous inductor current and continuous capacitor voltage mode (CICM & CCVM)), provides the limitless area for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control and reduces the stress on its parameters. The soft starting of SRM drive is also achieved through proper step size and initial duty cycle selection through MPPT algorithm. The authenticity and capability of the proposed method are verified by both simulation and test results obtained on a developed prototype.
Self-consciousness and intersubjectivity

This paper distinguishes between implicit self-rela ted information and explicit selfrepresentation and argues that the latter is requir ed for self-consciousness. It is further argued that self-consciousness requires an awareness of ot her minds and that this awareness develops over the course of an increasingly complex perspect ival differentiation, during which information about self and other that is implicit i n early forms of social interaction becomes redescribed into an explicit format.
Indicators of Clinical Response to Treatment with Six-Mercaptopurine or Azathioprine in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Objectives:There is some uncertainty regarding how to best dose and therapeutically monitor 6-mercaptopurine or azathioprine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the relation between clinical response, 6-mercaptopurine metabolite levels, relative leukopenia, and drug dose. Methods:60 patients with inflammatory bowel disease who were on stable doses of 6-mercaptopurine or azathioprine for ≥ 3 months and who had measurements of 6-mercaptopurine metabolite levels were evaluated. Patients were classified as complete responders (N = 24), partial responders (N = 7), or non-responders (N = 29). Results:Drug dose was associated with clinical response when we analyzed adjusted doses based on molecular drug weight (P = 0.002). 6-Thioguanine levels also were associated with clinical response (P = 0.003) and the maximal difference between responders and non-responders was seen at 6-thioguanine levels greater than 260 pmol/8 × 108 RBC. Relative leukopenia, defined as white blood cell count less than either 5.0 or 4.0 K/ u L, was not associated with clinical response (P = 0.13 and 0.77 respectively). Conclusions:1. Drug dose and 6-thioguanine levels are related to clinical response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on 6-mercaptopurine or azathioprine. 2. For 6-thioguanine levels, there is a fair amount of overlap, but maximal differentiation between responders and non-responders is seen at levels > 260 pmol/8 × 108 RBC. 3. Relative leukopenia does not correlate well with clinical response.
Chemokine receptor CXCR4 signaling modulates the growth factor‐induced cell cycle of self‐renewing and multipotent neural progenitor cells

CXC chemokine receptor CXCR4 is expressed in vitro in both human and rodent adult neural progenitor cells (NPCs). It has been suggested that the CXCL12‐CXCR4 axis potentially enhances the proliferation of NPCs. However, whether CXCR4 is expressed in the neural stem cells (NSCs), a subset of self‐renewing and multipotent NPCs, and whether CXCR4 signaling is directly required for their proliferation are not clear. In this study, we report that CXCR4 is expressed in a subpopulation of NPCs in the early embryonic ventricular zone. In studies of a CXCR4eGFP bacterial artificial chromosomal (BAC) transgenic mouse line, we further isolated NPCs from E12.5 transgenic telencephalon and GFP+ cells demonstrated self‐renewal and multipotency in neurosphere assays in vitro. Consistent with these observations, we enriched GFP+/CXCR4+ cells by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) with either CXCR4 antibody 12G5 or GFP. Furthermore, we observed that CXCL12 alone did not activate the self‐renewal of NPCs or increase the proliferation of NPCs that are induced by bFGF/EGF. However, we found that blocking CXCR4 receptor with antagonist AMD3100 impaired the bFGF/EGF‐induced expansion of GFP+ NPCs through modulating their cell cycling. In addition, AMD3100 treatment of pregnant mice reduced the generation of neurospheres from E12.5 embryos. Our data suggest that CXCR4 is a potential cell surface marker for early embryonic NSCs and modulates growth‐factor signaling. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cell-to-Cell Fundamental Variability Limits Investigation in OxRRAM Arrays

In this letter, the fundamental variability limits of filament-based OxRRAM are investigated considering different transistor sizes and metal–insulator–metal (MIM) stacks featuring different materials and thicknesses. Cell-to-cell variability is analyzed through an extensive characterization of Forming, Set, and Reset operations on 4-kb OxRRAM arrays. The results obtained in terms of switching voltage variability and resistance variability from cell-to-cell are compared and discussed to identify the variability limiting component as a function of the conduction regime and to understand the impact of transistor MIM stack parameters on variability and performances.
Administration of insulin‐like growth factor‐I improves fatigue resistance of skeletal muscles from dystrophic mdx mice

Muscle fatigue occurs in many neuromuscular diseases, including the muscular dystrophies, and it contributes to a loss of functional capacity and reduced quality of life for affected patients. An improvement in fatigue resistance has been observed in diaphragm muscles of mdx mice following insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) administration. Whether similar treatment can improve locomotor muscle function in mdx mice is not known. We examined the efficacy of IGF‐I administration (1 mg/kg daily s.c. for 8 weeks) on structural, metabolic, and functional properties of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles of mdx mice, and tested the hypothesis that IGF‐I treatment would improve function in these muscles. After treatment, muscles were more resistant to fatigue during repeated maximal contractions than muscles from untreated mice, an improvement associated with increased muscle fiber succinate dehydrogenase activity in the absence of changes in cellular (single‐fiber) contractile activation characteristics. The findings have important clinical implications, not just for the dystrophinopathies, but for all neuromuscular pathologies where fatigue of locomotor muscles limits functional capacity and decreases quality of life. Muscle Nerve 30: 295–304, 2004
Measures of Estrus Detection and Pregnancy in Dairy Cows After Administration of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Within an Estrus Synchronization Program Based on Prostaglandin F2α

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the use of GnRH in a controlled breeding program (7 d prior to the second of two injections of PGF 2α , 14 d apart) as a means to improve the expression and detection of estrus, first service conception rate, and overall pregnancy rate of lactating dairy cows. On 17 farms, 348 cows were assigned randomly to either of two breeding programs prior to first insemination. Cows in both programs received PGF 2α approximately 2 wk prior to the end of a herd-specific voluntary waiting period for breeding. One group received GnRH 1 wk later, 7 d prior to the second of two injections of PGF 2α . Control cows received saline and a second injection of PGF 2α at corresponding times. Cows were observed for 7 d and were bred by artificial insemination following detection of estrus. There were no differences between programs in estrus detection rate, observed signs of estrus, conception rate, days to first service, or interval from calving to conception. The means and standard deviations of the interval from PGF 2α to estrus were not different between programs. Administration of GnRH 1 wk prior to PGF 2α did not alter the expression of estrus or fertility in lactating dairy cows. In this study population, no advantage was found for the addition of GnRH to a controlled breeding program that was based on two administrations of PGF 2α at a 14-d interval.
Genetic Analysis of Postnatal Mortality and Calving Traits in Iranian Holstein Herds Using Threshold-Linear Models

This study was conducted to estimate the additive genetic components of calf mortality in the first month of age, calving difficulty, and birth weight in Holstein dairy cows in the central regions of Iran. The records comprised 61,200 calves born between 1990 and 2011 from 60 dairy herds. Different threshold-linear models in three groups of univariate, bivariate, and multivariate models were used. The frequency of calf mortality was 2.6%. Distribution of calving difficulty score was 65.12% in the first category (no assistance), 30.66% in the second, 3.12% in the third, and 1.1% in the fourth (major assistance). Averages of birth weight and dam age were 40.34 kg and 769.4 days, respectively. Direct Heritability estimation for calf mortality varied from 0.005 to 0.027. The estimated heritability for calving difficulty ranged from 0.032 to 0.050. Heritability for birth weight was estimated about 0.22. The results of this study showed that there were genetic variations for all traits. Although there was no strong additive genetic correlation between the traits, an environmental correlation between mortality and other traits was observed. Results suggested that implementation of threshold models for mortality trait was more favorable, but they were not reflected in genetic analysis of calving difficulty records. Furthermore, current findings indicated that benefit from the use of multi-traits models for genetic evaluation of postnatal mortality depended on the methodology (linear or threshold model) used for mortality trait.
The Basic Writings of Sigmund Freud

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Piezoelectric Enhancement of Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Photovoltaic Device

Solar cells are produced using solution processing that combine ZnO nanorods with the conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). ZnO nanorods have an average length and diameter of 2.7 μm and 81 nm, and are well coated with P3HT. The solar cells have a power conversion efficiency of 1.24 %, which increases to 1.78 % when 10 kHz acoustic vibrations are applied to the device at 75 dB using a loudspeaker. Transient absorption studies demonstrate that the efficiency increase originates from a decrease in the non-geminate recombination rate in the system. It is proposed that electric fields at the ZnO:P3HT interface arising from the piezoelectric effect in ZnO increase the charge-carrier separation, producing this reduction in recombination and associated efficiency increase.
An Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Yin Yang Huo (Epimedium spp.) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration

ABSTRACT An evidence-based systematic review of yin yang huo (Epimedium spp.) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration consolidates the safety and efficacy data available in the scientific literature using a validated, reproducible grading rationale. This article includes written and statistical analysis of clinical trials, plus a compilation of expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.
Complications in surgical patients.

HYPOTHESIS Complications are common in hospitalized surgical patients. Provider error contributes to a significant proportion of these complications. DESIGN Surgical patients were concurrently observed for the development of explicit complications. All complications were reviewed by the attending surgeon and other members of the service and evaluated for the severity of sequelae (major or minor) and for whether the complication resulted from medical error (avoidable) or not. SETTING University teaching hospital with a level I trauma designation. PATIENTS All inpatients (operative or nonoperative) from 4 different surgical services: general surgery, combined general surgery and trauma, vascular surgery, and cardiothoracic surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Total complication rate (number of complications divided by the number of patients) and the number of patients with complications. Complications were separated into those with major or minor sequelae and the proportion of each type that were due to medical error (avoidable). Rates of complications in a recent Institute of Medicine report were used as a criterion standard. RESULTS The data for the respective groups (general surgery, vascular surgery, combined general surgery and trauma, and cardiothoracic surgery) are as follows. The number of patients was 1363, 978, 914, and 1403; number of complications, 413, 409, 295, and 378; total complication rate, 30.3%, 42.4%, 32.3%, and 26.9%; minor complication rate, 13.3%, 19.9%, 13.5%, and 13.0% (percentage of minor complications that were avoidable, 37.4%, 59.0%, 51.2%, and 49.5%); major complication rate, 16.2%, 21.1%, 18.1%, and 12.9% (percentage of major complications that were avoidable, 53.4%, 60.7%, 38.8%, and 38.7%); and mortality rate, 1.83%, 3.33%, 2.28%, and 3.34% (percentage of mortality that was avoidable, 28.0%, 44.1%, 19.0%, and 25.0%). CONCLUSIONS Despite mortality rates that compare favorably with national benchmarks, a prospective examination of surgical patients reveals complication rates that are 2 to 4 times higher than those identified in an Institute of Medicine report. Almost half of these adverse events were judged contemporaneously by peers to be due to provider error (avoidable). Errors in care contributed to 38 (30%) of 128 deaths. Recognition that provider error contributes significantly to adverse events presents significant opportunities for improving patient outcomes.
Multiscale Unsupervised Change Detection on Optical Images by Markov Random Fields and Wavelets

Change-detection methods represent powerful tools for monitoring the evolution of the Earth's surface. In order to optimize the accuracy of the change maps, a multiscale approach can be adopted that jointly exploits observations at coarser and finer scales. In this letter, a multiscale contextual unsupervised change-detection method is proposed for optical images. It is based on discrete wavelet transforms and Markov random fields. Wavelets are applied to the difference image to extract multiscale features, and Markovian data fusion is used to integrate both these features and the spatial context in the change-detection process. Expectation-maximization and Besag's algorithms are used to estimate the model parameters. The selection of the optimal wavelet-transform operator within a predefined dictionary is automated by a minimum-energy criterion. Experiments on real optical images point out the effectiveness of this method as compared with state-of-the-art techniques.