Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of the Growth and Profitability Potential of Meat-Type Broiler Strains under High Ambient Temperature

Zia ur Rehman1, Naila Chand1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3 1Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 2Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 3Department of Livestock, Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar Article Information Received 17 March 2017 Revised 04 May 2017 Accepted 24 May 2017 Available online 25 January 2018
Analgesic Activity of Dichloromethanolic Root Extract of Clutia abyssinica in Swiss Albino Mice

Pain as a sensory modality, represent a symptom for diagnosing various diseases and its associated conditions. Although it acts as a sensory modality in drawing attention to tissue injury, it is associated with poor quality of life and socioeconomic burden to the victim. Conventional synthetic drugs that are used to manage pain are not readily available and are associated with adverse effects. Thus, the use of herbal medicine from medicinal plants is an age old practice used by many communities to cure diseases. These medicinal plants are known to contain phytochemical compounds capable of relieving pain and healing diseases. C. abyssinica has been used traditionally by the Kallenjin community to alleviate various diseases. However, an extensive search of the literature reveals that no data has been documented about the medicinal use of the plant in suppressing pain. The present study thus, evaluated on analgesic potential of dichloromethanolic root extract of C. abyssinica in animal models. Thirty Swiss albino mice were grouped into six groups of five animal each; normal control, negative control, positive control and three experimental groups. The experimental animals were administered with the extract intraperitoneally at dose level of 50, 100 and 150 mg/ kg body weight. Acetic acid-induced pain was used to determine the analgesic activity of the extract. Diclofenac was used as a reference drug. The dichloromethanolic root extract reduced the number of abdominal writhing’s between 33.95% and 49.77% while the reference drug reduced the number of abdominal writhing’s by 46.51%. A number of phytochemical compounds associated with analgesic activity were observed to be present. The study therefore scientifically confirmed the traditional use of the medicinal plant in management of pain.
Reasons for Permanent Teeth Extraction in Srinagar District of Uttrakhand

Objective:The aims of the present study are to determine the causes and pattern of loss of permanent teeth among patients attending a medical college in Uttrakhand. Subjects and Methods: Data collected from patients attending the outpatient wing of the Government Medical College, Srinagar Garhwal , Uttrakhand, during a 12 month period (First Jan 2014- First Dec 2014) was used for the study. The cause for extraction was classified as follows: (1) Dental caries (2) periodontal disease, (3) endodontic failures, (4) trauma, (5) orthodontic needs, (6) impactions, and (7) supernumerary teeth. Results: A total of 1506 permanent teeth were extracted of which 662 (43.95%) teeth were extracted due to caries, 472 (31.34%) due to periodontal disease, 154 (10.4%) for orthodontic purposes, 88 (0.58%) due to impactions, 68 (0.45%) for endodontic treatment , and 44 (0.29%) for trauma and 18 (0.11%) for supernumerary teeth. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest caries and periodontal disease are the major causes of tooth mortality in the study population.
Mechanisms of infection used by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in citrus canker disease

uses several mechanisms to colonize its host. Among them, attachment to the host surface by specific proteins named adhesins is important to the progress of the disease. Once the bacteria is attached to the host it delivers pathogenicity effector proteins inside the plant cell through the type III protein secretion system that modulate the plant basal defense response for the benefit of the pathogen. As a later step in pathogenesis,
Is the occluded corolla of Antirrhinum bee-specialized?

This paper provides the first results of pollinator fauna associated to the reproductive biology of Antirrhinum charidemi, Antirrhinum graniticum and Antirrhinum braun-blanquetii. Censuses of over 16 hours spanning the flowering phenology of each species were drawn up. As previously hypothesized, the characteristic occluded (personate) corolla of Antirrhinum was exclusively pollinated by bees, but by a higher number (four) of bee families than predicted. Seven bee species (Bombus hortorum, Anthidium manicatum, Chalicodoma lefebvrei, Anthidium sticticum, Anthophora dispar, Xylocopa violacea and Anthidium cingulatum) account for over 90% of flower visits (2098). The flower visitation index varied between species (0.0126−0.0320), reaching relatively medium values compared to Mediterranean plants. In contrast, reproductive success was found to be high when estimated as both fruit (45.4–84.2%) and seed (75.4–98.4%) sets, suggesting that these bee guilds are effective pollinators of the three self-incompatible Antirrhinum species. Specialization of the personate flower of Antirrhinum is therefore interpreted for bees with both large bodies and high visitation indices.
Ethnobotanical, pharmacognostical, pharmacological and phytochemical studies on Smilax domingensis in Guatemala

Smilax domingensis Willd. , Smilacaceae, known as zarzaparrilla, is a climbing shrub from Tropical America. The rhizome is popularly used in medicine as anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and tonic. Since 1983 studies are being conducted in Guatemala for validation of the ethnobotanical uses, particularly in vitro demonstration of antimicrobial activity, using wild material, with high variability and some taxonomic problems. This article reports the taxonomic determination, cultivation of drug material, evaluation of use by in vitro and in vivo pharmacological assays, and phytochemical characterization. Extracts from cultivated material was evaluated by antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory models, confirming the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Phytochemistry was done in the crude drug and extracts. Quality control parameters are described (micrographic drawings and phytochemical characteristics). Evidence is presented that cultivated rhizome has antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, validating the popular use and helping the industrial development of phytopharmaceutical products.
Semicircular Canal Dehiscence: Imaging, Diagnosis, Classification, Surgical Options, and Postoperative Imaging

Since the association of soundand/or pressure-induced vertigo and dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal was first described in 1998, imaging studies have been increasingly performed to exclude semicircular canal dehiscence in patients with “dizziness. ” This article will first discuss normal semicircular canal bony roof development and then review the theorized pathophysiology, clinical signs and/or symptoms, and audiology examination findings of semicircular canal dehiscence. Semicircular canal dehiscence CT and MR imaging techniques and findings are reviewed. A semicircular canal dehiscence imaging classification system is proposed, which provides a standardized methodology for the interpretation and reporting of semicircular canal dehiscence imaging studies. Also, superior and posterior semicircular canal dehiscence surgeries and postoperative imaging findings are discussed. Learning Objective: To identify and characterize deficiencies in the semicircular canal bony roofs using CT and MR imaging to review the clinical presentation and treatment options for patients with semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome and to discuss superior semicircular canal dehiscence postoperative imaging. INTRODUCTION In 1998, Minor et al described soundand/or pressure-induced vertigo in patients who demonstrated superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) on CT imaging. Vertigo (illusion of motion), which may be induced by a loud sound (Tullio syndrome), pressure applied to the external auditory canal (Hennebert sign), or a sudden increase in intracranial pressure (Valsalva, heavy lifting), is the most common symptom ascribed to semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD). Autophony, the accentuated perception of self-generated sounds, such as heartbeat or breathing, and conductive hearing loss may also result from SCD. “Dizziness” is a common patient concern and, because the SCD syndrome has gained notoriety among all clinical specialties, imaging studies are increasingly ordered to exclude SCD as the underlying etiology. Because audiology testing may be inconclusive, otolaryngologists are deeply reliant on imaging to both accurately diagABBREVIATIONS KEY CT computed tomography MR magnetic resonance PSC posterior semicircular canal PSCD posterior semicircular canal
When Measures Change over Time: A Workable Solution for Analysing Change and Growth across Multiple Waves

In the past 20 years, the analysis of individual change has become a key focus in educational research. There are several parametric analyses that centre upon quantifying change. Some researchers state that such analyses should only occur if the measure itself remains completely unchanged across waves, arguing that it is not possible to link or connect the scores, either methodologically or conceptually, of measures whose content, wording, response categories, or response formats vary across waves. Because it is not always possible or warranted to use the exact same measure over time, however, it is vital to explore more fully the problem of analysing change and growth with measures that vary across waves. To this end, the primary objective of this paper is to expand upon the statistical work of Lloyd and Zumbo (2007) by introducing the nonparametric hierarchical linear model (NPAR-HLM), a workable solution to the problem of analysing change/growth with measures that change over multiple waves. An example of the implementation of the solution is provided, as is a discussion of the solution’s assumptions, strengths, and limitations.
Robust Facial Landmark Detection via a Fully-Convolutional Local-Global Context Network

While fully-convolutional neural networks are very strong at modeling local features, they fail to aggregate global context due to their constrained receptive field. Modern methods typically address the lack of global context by introducing cascades, pooling, or by fitting a statistical model. In this work, we propose a new approach that introduces global context into a fully-convolutional neural network directly. The key concept is an implicit kernel convolution within the network. The kernel convolution blurs the output of a local-context subnet, which is then refined by a global-context subnet using dilated convolutions. The kernel convolution is crucial for the convergence of the network because it smoothens the gradients and reduces overfitting. In a postprocessing step, a simple PCA-based 2D shape model is fitted to the network output in order to filter outliers. Our experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, outperforming several state-of-the-art methods in facial landmark detection.
Relación entre atención compartida madre-hijo, sensibilidad materna y expresión emocional gestual infantil

Shared attention refers to episodes through which a child and his or her caretaker are intentionally focused on some object or activity while engaging in physical and emotional exchange. This study describes shared attention bearing in mind levels of commitment and emotional tone, and it analyzes associated relationships with maternal sensitivity and the intensity of emotional expression in one-year-old children. The sample includes 12 mother-child dyads with the following inclusion criteria: only children, of ages between 12 and 14 months, living with both parents and attending a nursery. The instruments used were the Shared Attention Assessment, the Children? s Emotional Expressions Assessment, and the Adult Sensitivity Scale (ASS). Results show episodes of shared attention between mother-child dyads at one year of age. A significant relationship between shared attention, levels of commitment, and maternal sensitivity was also found.
Empirical modeling of information communication technology usage behaviour among business education teachers in tertiary colleges of a developing country

This study has empirically tested the fitness of a structural model in explaining the influence of two exogenous variables (perceived enjoyment and attitude towards ICTs) on two endogenous variables (behavioural intention and teachers’ Information Communication Technology (ICT) usage behavior), based on the proposition of Technology Acceptance Model (Davis, 1989a). The sample was 212 teachers from Business Education faculties of 13 tertiary colleges in the northwestern region of Nigeria. As one of the major developing countries in Africa, Nigeria has invested a lot of resources in ICTs for the past several years to ensure the appropriate uptake and integration of technology across the important sectors of the country’s economy, especially the education sector. Unfortunately, the country’s standard of ICT adoption has remained low for many years. Congruently, its educational sector has remained incapacitated by lack of adequate ICT facilities and lack of skilled ICT-manpower, with school teachers using obsolete tools in the classroom, and some of them buying and using ICTs out of their own volition. Teachers’ use of ICTs in tertiary schools’ has remained poor in Nigeria, and research initiatives on ICT usage behaviour are rare and predominantly descriptive in nature. Past studies have dwelt on investigating the influence of physical infrastructural facilities on teachers’ use of technology in the classroom. The current study has investigated the influence of teachers’ perceptive beliefs, attitudes and intentions on their technology usage behaviour, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings have shown that teachers’ perceived enjoyment of ICTs influences their ICT usage behaviour in the classroom (β = .281, p < .05); teachers’ perceived enjoyment of ICTs influences their intention to use ICTs (β = .740, p < .001); teachers’ ICT attitude influences their intention to use ICTs (β = .122, p < .05); teachers’ ICT attitude influences their ICT usage behaviour (β = .512, p < .001) and teachers’ behavioural intention influences their ICT usage behaviour ICTs (β = .-368, p < .05). Teachers’ behavioural intention to use ICTs has, however, predicted a decrease in their self-reported ICT usage behaviour. This study will benefit school leaders, curriculum planners and researchers in technology acceptance behaviour in Africa, by giving them guidance in taking decisions concerning teachers’ perceptions and intentions of using ICTs in the classroom. The study will play a vital role in filling up the research gap that exist in technology acceptance behaviour among business education faculties across tertiary institutions in Nigeria and the rest of Africa. Future research on the subject matter may attempt to investigate the moderating roles of voluntariness and compulsory standards in influencing teachers’ ICT usage behaviour. Keywords: attitude towards technology; behavioural intention; business education; developing country; ICT usage behaviour; Nigeria; perceived enjoyment; South Africa; teachers
Information Feedback in Temporal Networks as a Predictor of Market Crashes

In complex systems, statistical dependencies between individual components are often considered one of the key mechanisms which drive the system dynamics observed on a macroscopic level. In this paper, we study cross-sectional time-lagged dependencies in financial markets, quantified by nonparametric measures from information theory, and estimate directed temporal dependency networks in financial markets. We examine the emergence of strongly connected feedback components in the estimated networks, and hypothesize that the existence of information feedback in financial networks induces strong spatiotemporal spillover effects and thus indicates systemic risk. We obtain empirical results by applying our methodology on stock market and real estate data, and demonstrate that the estimated networks exhibit strongly connected components around periods of high volatility in the markets. To further study this phenomenon, we construct a systemic risk indicator based on the proposed approach, and show that it can be used to predict future market distress. Results from both the stock market and real estate data suggest that our approach can be useful in obtaining early-warning signals for crashes in financial markets.
Reconfiguration of processing mode prior to task performance.

Participants performed choice reaction time (RT) tasks on 2-dimensional stimuli such that each task was based on 1 stimulus dimension. A cue preceded the target stimulus and instructed the participant about which (randomly selected) task to perform. Shifting between tasks was associated with an RT cost, which was larger when the (randomly varying) cue-target interval was short as opposed to when it was long. Cue-target interval was not confounded with the remoteness from the previous trial. Hence, it affected the task-shift cost through preparation rather than by allowing carryover effects to dissipate. Similar results were obtained for 2 location tasks and for the object-based tasks (color and shape discrimination). They indicate a time-effort consuming process that operates after a task shift, precedes task execution, and presumably reflects the advance reconfiguration of processing mode.
Distal Femoral Fractures in the Elderly: Does Early Treatment with Locking Plates Reduce Mortality Rates?

Aim: Distal femoral fractures are associated with high mortality rates in the elderly. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of our management of distal femoral fractures and the mortality rates amongst various treatment modalities. Methods: Seventy-eight patients were included in a retrospective study at our department of all distal femoral fractures between 2006 and 2012. Data was collected on: demographics, injury related data and outcomes. Results: Demographics: Of the final study population, females constituted 81% of patients with 85% of patients older than 65 years old. Injury related data: 67% of patients underwent operative intervention of which 68% were operated on within 48 hours. Outcomes: Our overall 1 year mortality rate was 46% and the length of hospital stay was found to increase with increasing age. Both were found to be least with the use of locking plates and greatest in those treated conservatively. Conclusion: These fractures are challenging to treat and are likely to increase given the ageing population. We propose their outcomes are improved when treated surgically particularly with the use of locking plates. We also suggest they should be managed similar to proximal femoral fractures, with early routine orthogeriatric review.
NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT, ACCOUNTING REFORM, AND INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING IN INDONESIA

This study discusses the development of New Public Management (NPM) and accounting reform in public sector organization. The first part of this study discusses the theoretical concept and Characteristics of NPM as well as the relevant factors behind the development of NPM around the world. The second part tries to relate accounting reform in the context of NPM. Special attention is also given to complexities emerge in the implementation of accounting reform, that is a movement from single entry and cash basis accounting into accrual based and double entry accounting systems. At the end, this study discusses the institutional perspective in sociology relevant to public sector accounting, specifically correlated to the process of accounting reform. As Indonesia now is in the process of implementing autonomy and decentralization policies which one of its initiative is putting accrual double entry accounting systems in place, this study also specifically highlight the process of accounting reform in Indonesia.
Effects of a non‐native grass invasion decline over time

Most research on dynamics and impacts of plant invasions has evaluated patterns and effects over brief time periods (i.e. <4 years). As such, little is known about the persistence of invasions and their long‐term impacts on native species. To experimentally evaluate longer‐term effects of invasions, we established field plots with native tree and herbaceous species and then invaded half of the plots with the most widespread invasive grass in the eastern United States (Microstegium vimineum). Over 8 years, we quantified invader and native plant biomass, native plant diversity, and tree density and size. Microstegium was dominant during the first 4 years of the experiment, constituting more than 60% of herbaceous plant biomass in the plots, and native herbaceous biomass was 57% lower and diversity was 44% lower in invaded vs. control plots. However, both Microstegium and herbaceous native species declined in later years. By the end of the experiment, Microstegium was only 2% of community biomass, and there was no difference in native herbaceous biomass in invaded and control plots. We applied a fire treatment in years 6 and 7 to test if repeated disturbance is required to maintain invader dominance and to evaluate how this common management practice in eastern US forests affected invasive and native plants. Tree density was 65% lower and tree diameters were 28–51% smaller on average in fire‐treated compared with control quadrants, resulting in significantly greater light availability in fire‐treated areas. Consequently, Microstegium and native herbaceous species biomass increased significantly where fire was applied. However, only native species were persistent, and after 8 years, Microstegium was nearly absent, regardless of the fire treatment. Synthesis. The invasive grass was initially abundant and suppressed native species, but invader decline over time corresponded with succession to native herbaceous species dominance when fire was applied, and to native tree dominance without fire such that after 8 years, the initial effects of invasion were no longer apparent. Thus, our data provide some of the first experimental evidence that while the initial effects of plant invasions can be dramatic, invaders and their impacts may decline over time.
Partially Shared Multi-task Convolutional Neural Network with Local Constraint for Face Attribute Learning

In this paper, we study the face attribute learning problem by considering the identity information and attribute relationships simultaneously. In particular, we first introduce a Partially Shared Multi-task Convolutional Neural Network (PS-MCNN), in which four Task Specific Networks (TSNets) and one Shared Network (SNet) are connected by Partially Shared (PS) structures to learn better shared and task specific representations. To utilize identity information to further boost the performance, we introduce a local learning constraint which minimizes the difference between the representations of each sample and its local geometric neighbours with the same identity. Consequently, we present a local constraint regularized multitask network, called Partially Shared Multi-task Convolutional Neural Network with Local Constraint (PS-MCNN-LC), where PS structure and local constraint are integrated together to help the framework learn better attribute representations. The experimental results on CelebA and LFWA demonstrate the promise of the proposed methods.