Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why Do Life Scientists Decide to Become Entrepreneurs? The Role of Motivations

The linkage between entrepreneurial ideas and actions continues to be central to the entrepreneurship debate. However, the possible implications of the various entrepreneurial motivations for the process are still largely understudied. On this basis, our study aims to contextualise the theoretical model linking entrepreneurial intentions, motivations and actions, with particular reference to academic entrepreneurship within the Life Sciences. We use the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) set-theoretic method to process data gathered amongst 25 scholars active in the Life Sciences context. We carried out the analysis in two steps. The first reveals that a condition which determines entrepreneurial intentions is the absence of normative beliefs together with the presence of control beliefs. In contrast, the research highlights that the entrepreneurial intentions are able to determine the entrepreneurial action. However, as the second step shows, these alone are not sufficient and need to be complemented by extrinsic motivations, that is, those correlated to external incentives/benefits (above all of an economic nature). Our findings offer interesting insights into the whole phenomenon, revealing that the reference to specific contexts may well determine implications which differ from those already detected in the literature, with undeniable effects in terms of managerial and policy implications.
Accounting Conservatism, Market Liquidity and Informativeness of Asset Price: Implications on Mark to Market Accounting

This paper theoretically examines the impact of conservatism on the asset price in an asset market allowing for strategic interactions among traders. Due to the trades coming from conservatism traders contain less informational content, the asset price is shown to be less informative in the presence of conservatism traders. In addition, this paper shows that the market liquidity increases as the proportion of conservatism traders increases. With mark to market accounting replacing the conservative accounting practice, the asset price will be more informative and the market liquidity will be reduced. From the perspective of the informativeness of the asset price, the results of this paper support mark to market accounting.
ALMACAL I: FIRST DUAL-BAND NUMBER COUNTS FROM A DEEP AND WIDE ALMA SUBMILLIMETER SURVEY, FREE FROM COSMIC VARIANCE

We have exploited ALMA calibration observations to carry out a novel, wide, and deep submillimeter (submm) survey, almacal. These calibration data comprise a large number of observations of calibrator fields in a variety of frequency bands and array configurations. By gathering together data acquired during multiple visits to many ALMA calibrators, it is possible to reach noise levels which allow the detection of faint, dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) over a significant area. In this paper, we outline our survey strategy and report the first results. We have analyzed data for 69 calibrators, reaching depths of ∼25 μJy beam−1 at sub-arcsec resolution. Adopting a conservative approach based on ≥5σ detections, we have found 8 and 11 DSFGs in ALMA bands 6 and 7, respectively, with flux densities S1.2 mm ≥ 0.2 mJy. The faintest galaxies would have been missed by even the deepest Herschel surveys. Our cumulative number counts have been determined independently at 870 μm and 1.2 mm from a sparse sampling of the astronomical sky, and are thus relatively free of cosmic variance. The counts are lower than reported previously by a factor of at least 2×. Future analyses will yield large, secure samples of DSFGs with redshifts determined via the detection of submm spectral lines. Uniquely, our strategy then allows for morphological studies of very faint DSFGs—representative of more normal star-forming galaxies than conventional submm galaxies—in fields where self-calibration is feasible, yielding milliarcsecond spatial resolution.
Using Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction to Understand an Omics Approach to Evaluating Vascular Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease

Regulation of vascular tone is complex due to the presence of redundant mechanisms operating over multiple spatial domains (cell, tissue and organ) and influenced by various confounding factors, such as sex, age and time. As a result, the task of identifying the underlying mechanisms of vascular dysfunction associated with complex cardiovascular diseases, like heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), remains under explored. ‘Omics research strategies are proposed to be an effective way to navigate complicated physiology. In this review an ‘omics approach is applied to the spatial domains of HFpEF using a mechanistic “physiological map” of factors known to be associated with vascular (dys) function. The result is intended to generate hypotheses, foster robust study design, and highlight the necessity for collaborative, interdisciplinary approaches to conduct ‘omics research, which in turn is expected to facilitate the development of efficacious therapies for cardiovascular diseases such as HFpEF, where etiologies are unclear and evidence-based therapeutic strategies lacking.
Correlations between anthropometric indicators, heart rate and endurance-strength abilities during high-intensity exercise of young women

Background & Study Aim: The optimum level of the endurance-strength abilities is necessary to perform professional activities, and many other daily tasks. The objective of this study was the correlations between anthropometric indicators, BMI, heart rate and endurance-strength abilities of young sedentary women. Material & Methods: Seventy-two female students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn (Poland) with the mean age 20.6 ±0.66 years were tested. The participants’ body mass, body height, length of upper and lower limbs, and BMI were determined. Their endurance-strength abilities were measured in the 3-minute Burpee Test (3MBT). The students’ heart rate (HR) was measured immediately before and after the test, and 30-, 60and 90 seconds after the test. The results were processed statistically and correlation coefficients r were calculated to determine the relationships between anthropometric indicators, HR and the number of completed 3MBT cycles. Results: The average 3MBT result was 48.58 cycles/3 minutes, the participants’ HR increased to 181.92 b*min–1, with average increment of 71.88 b*min–1. Heart rate values in successive measurements (T2 – T5) were significantly (p<0.05) higher than resting HR (T1). Heart rate values decreased significantly (p<0.05) every 30 seconds after the test (between T2:T3, T3:T4 and T4:T5) to reach 150.96 b*min –1 on average after 90 seconds. The number of completed 3MBT cycles was significantly negatively correlated with the participants’ body mass, height and BMI. Conclusions: An increase in anthropometric indicators, including body mass and height, and BMI contributes to a significant decrease in endurance-strength abilities of young women performing the 3MBT. The significant increase in HR and high HR values immediately after exercise indicate that the test involves very high levels of physical exertion.
Is Inflation Target Announced by Bank Indonesia the Most Accurate Inflation Forecast

This article investigates whether following Bank Indonesiaâs explicit inflation targets (forward-looking) is a more accurate method of predicting inflation rate in Indonesia than forecast methods utilizing past information of macroeconomic data (backward-looking). The analysis is conducted by performing naive, univariate, and multivariate time-series models with an out-of-sample forecast evaluation period of January 2014âDecember 2016. It is found that the backward-looking approach outperforms the forward-looking approach at all forecast horizons, indicating that Bank Indonesia still does not succeed to anchor inflation expectation towards the desired level.
The Corporate Governance Mechanisms Towards Dividend Policy in Indonesian Stock Exchange

In this paper I examine the relationship between corporate governance and corporate dividend payout policy. The study involved 23 manufacturing corporations listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2008 until 2011; thus, there were 92 observation units. Multiple regression has used to investigate for the relationship of implemented corporate governance with the dividend policy. There is a insignificant relationship between institutional ownership, independent Commissioner with dividen policy. The results of the study do not support the hypothesis causing institutional shareholders to take over the rights of minority shareholders and this has weakened their power of dividend, and the independent commissioner do not behave as they are supposed to, meaning that they are not independent as their name suggests, which leads them to feel unecessary to build of firm reputation through dividend policy
Determinants of Corporate Financial Distress: Case of Non- Financial Firms Listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange

Financial statements fail to acknowledge the significance of a market mechanism in predicting bankruptcy because accounting variables are produced by a limited number of experts and accountants, but not by the market as a whole. However, in his study, he concluded that Z-score model (an accounting ratio model) produces more consistent results for the data collected and analyzed in terms of the “Max-rescaled R-square” and the “Classification Table” and seems to be reliable model (Bum, 2003). One of the classic works in the area of ratio analysis and bankruptcy classification was performed by Beaver in 1967. In a real sense, his univariate analysis of a number of bankruptcy predictors set the stage for the multivariate attempts which followed. Beaver found that a number of indicators could discriminate between matched samples of failed and non-failed firms for as long as five years prior to failure. He questioned the use of multivariate analysis. A subsequent study by Deakin in 1972 utilized the same 14 variables that Beaver analyzed, but he applied them within a series of multivariate discriminant models. The above mentioned studies imply a definite potential of ratios as predictors of bankruptcy. In general, ratios measuring profitability, liquidity, and solvency prevailed as the most significant indicators (Altman, Haldeman, & Narayanan, 1977).
The Effect of Students' Perceived Service Quality and Perceived Price on Student Satisfaction

This research aims to examine the effects of students’ perceived quality and students’ perceived price on students’ satisfaction. This research used quantitative approach with survey method. The research respondents are 155 students of two Indonesia public universities. The analysis technique that used is multiple regression analysis. The research results show that students’ perceived quality and perceived price have positive influence on the student satisfaction. Besides that, students’ perceived quality is more affected to student satisfaction than perceived price.Key words: Perceived quality; Perceived price; Higher education; Student satisfaction
The Effectiveness of Non�?Traditional Monetary Policy Measures: The Case of the Bank of Japan

This paper summarizes non-traditional monetary policy measures adopted by the Bank of Japan (BOJ) during the last two decades and by other G7 central banks since the start of the current global financial turmoil and analyzes the effectiveness of such measures. The paper begins with a typology of policies usable near the zero lower bound on interest rates (ZLB). They are:(i) forward guidance of future policy rates;(ii) targeted asset purchases;(iii) and quantitative easing (QE). Using this typology, I review the measures adopted by the BOJ and other central banks. I then offer a news analysis of the effects of the measures adopted by the BOJ on asset prices, comparing them with those adopted by the Fed. Many of the measures, with the exception of strategy (iii), are shown to have moved asset prices in the expected directions. Another exception is that most of the monetary easing measures failed to weaken the yen. Despite some effects on asset prices, however, the measures have failed to stop the deflationary trend of the Japanese economy clearly. I discuss some possible reasons for this and more general implications for monetary policy.
Measuring the degree of pointedness of a closed convex cone: a metric approach

We introduce the concept of radius of pointedness for a closed convex cone in a finite dimensional Hilbert space. Such radius measures the degree of pointedness of the cone: the bigger the radius, the higher its degree of pointedness. We also discuss the question of measuring the degree of solidity of a closed convex cone. Pointedness and solidity radiuses are related to each other through a simple duality formula. Explicit computations are carried out for several classical cones appearing in the literature. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Italian Adaptation of the "Autonomy and Relatedness Coding System"

The study examined the applicability of the observational technique developed by Allen and colleagues (Allen, Hauser, Bell, & O’Connor, 1994; Allen, Hauser, et al., 2003) to investigate the issues of autonomy and relatedness in parent-adolescent relationship in the Italian context. Thirty-five mother-adolescent dyads participated to a task in which they discussed a family issue about which they disagree. Adolescents were also administered a self-report measure assessing their relationship with mothers. Mothers reported significantly higher levels of promoting and inhibiting autonomy, and promoting relatedness behaviors than their children. Results also suggested a partial behavioral reciprocity within the dyads, regarding promoting and inhibiting relatedness, and inhibiting autonomy. Finally, mothers’ inhibiting autonomy behaviors positively correlated to teens’ perception of their relationship as conflicting; adolescents’ inhibiting and promoting autonomy and inhibiting relatedness behaviors positively correlated to open confrontation, rejection and coolness, while promoting relatedness behaviors negatively correlated to open confrontation, rejection and coolness. The results suggest that, for Italian mothers, behaviors linked to autonomy seem to be associated with being involved in a more negative relationship with their children, even if not characterized by open hostility, while for Italian adolescents, behaviors linked to autonomy seem to be associated with threatening the closeness of the relationship. Globally, the findings suggest that the application of this observational procedure may help our understanding of youth autonomy and relatedness development in Italy, but they leave unanswered questions regarding its appropriate adaptation and the role played by cultural differences.
Food resources of Eucinostomus (Perciformes: Gerreidae) in a hyperhaline lagoon: Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

La alta salinidad de las lagunas hiperhalinas las convierte en habitats extremos para los organismos acuaticos, poniendo presion sobre sus adaptaciones fisiologicas especiales. Gerreidae es una familia de peces de amplia distribucion y abundancia en las lagunas costeras, muy importantes para la funcion del ecosistema y las pesquerias. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar y comparar la ecologia trofica de 2 especies de mojarra en la laguna hiperhalina (> 50) de Ria Lagartos, Yucatan, para proporcionar evidencia sobre la importancia de este habitat sobre su crecimiento y requerimientos troficos. Las muestras fueron colectadas bimensualmente durante un ciclo anual (2004-2005). Un total de 920 ejemplares de Eucinostomus argenteus (493) y E. gula (427) fueron colectados. Los componentes troficos fueron analizados usando el Indice de Importancia Relativa (IIR) y analisis multivariados. Las mojarras fueron definidas como consumidores de segundo orden, alimentandose de anelidos, microcrustaceos (anfipodos, copepodos, tanaidaceos, ostracodos) y cantidades significantes de detritus con variaciones en proporcion y frecuencia de acuerdo a la disponibilidad del alimento. Ambas especies compartieron los mismos recursos alimenticios, sin embargo se observaron diferencias ontogeneticas con variaciones espaciales y temporales, que con ello se evita la competencia interespecifica. Los resultados proporcionan evidencia sobre la importancia de estos habitats costeros durante las etapas del ciclo de vida y los requerimientos troficos de estos peces juveniles marinos-eurihalinos.
Macroeconomic volatility and human capital formation

This paper discusses the effects of macroeconomic volatility on human capital formation. Simple cross-country scatterplots as well as existing empirical studies, which typically measure volatility by the standard deviation of GDP growth, show a negative relationship. Using panel data for a large group of countries in 1970-2000, we find that: (i) the negative effect of macroeconomic volatility on human capital formation in existing empirical studies is not robust; (ii) controlling for government education spending, the volatility effect on human capital can even become positive; (iii) using a time-varying volatility measure and controlling for possible endogeneity of volatility and other explanatory variables in IV-estimation, the effect we find is always positive. Theoretically, we build a simple model which can explain a positive volatility effect on human capital formation while at the same time being consistent with the basic negative cross-country correlation. A key idea is that volatility may encourage people to study for reasons of insurance. Government education expenditures may be crucial to realise this ambition
To Identify Appropriate Anthropometric, Life Style and Metabolic Predictors in Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Punjabi Females in India

Abstract This study was conducted to find appropriate anthropometric, life style and metabolic predictors of cardiovascular diseases in female population in Punjab. A total of 500 healthy females belonging to Punjabi population were randomly recruited for present cross-sectional study. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 129.03±11.89 and 78.60±10.57 mm Hg. Many common variables such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) have significant (p<0.001) correlation with SBP and DBP. The results of multivariate analysis showed that BMI, WC, pulse pressure and sedentary activity have statistically significant (p<0.001) impact on the elevation of SBP and DBP. The maximum prevalence of prehypertension (25%) and hypertension (12.7%) have been found among high risk group of waist circumference measurement and the same trend has been found for waist-to-hip ratio classification such as 34% pre-hypertension and 15.7% hypertension among high risk WHR group. With respect to life style, the maximum prevalence of prehypertension (26%) has been found among females having sedentary life style. WC and WHR showed higher sensitivity (WC= 77% for pre-hypertension and 95% for hypertension; WHR= 81% for pre-hypertension and 97% for hypertension) in the diagnosis of pre-hypertension and hypertension. Therefore, it may be concluded that the waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference are the best indicators to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence in females compared with BMI and other risk factors.
Breeding Habitat of the Mexican Spotted Owl in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico

We studied nest and roost habitat characteristics of Mexican Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico. Owls selected both nesting and roosting sites in mixed-conifer forests that contained an oak (Quercus sp.) component more frequently than expected by chance. With the exception of one cliff site, no owls were observed using pinon pine (Pinus edulis)/alligator juniper (Juniperus deppeana) woodlands for nesting or roosting. Owls selected nest and roost sites in forests characterized by mature (dbh > 45.5 cm) trees with high variation in tree heights and canopy closure >75%. Because we found little difference between nest microsites and their surrounding forest patches, the presence of a suitable nest structure may have determined nest-site selection within nest stands. Characteristics that best described nest sites in the Tularosa Mountains were also applicable to Mexican Spotted Owl nest sites in surrounding mountains. Seventy-five percent (n = 28) of nests were in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and 61% (n = 28) of nest structures were on clumps of limbs caused by dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium sp.) infections. Nest trees averaged 163.7 years of age (SD = 44.8) and 60.6 cm in diameter (SD = 22.4).
Creeping bentgrass putting green turf responses to two summer irrigation practices: rooting and soil temperature.

Light and frequent (LF) and deep and infrequent (DI) irrigation are two common practices for golf course managers. Few studies have compared the effects of these two opposing irrigation practices on summer root performance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The objectives of this fi eld study were to quantify summer root development and longevity in response to LF vs. DI irrigation in ‘Providence’ creeping bentgrass grown on a sand-based rootzone. The LF plots were irrigated daily to moisten the upper 4 to 6 cm of soil, whereas DI plots were irrigated at leaf wilt to wet soil to a depth ≥24 cm. Root measurements were obtained using the minirhizotron imaging technique and included total root count, total root length (TRL), total root surface area (TRSA), and average root diameter. When averaged over the entire 0- to 24-cm rootzone depth, DI-irrigated creeping bentgrass produced a greater number of roots, longer root lengths, and a larger root surface area than LF-irrigated turf. Average root diameters were smaller in DI-irrigated creeping bentgrass in the summer of 2007. Compared with data collected in 2006, the 2-yr-old turf had 55 and 32% fewer roots in LF- and DI-irrigated bentgrass by September 2007, respectively. There were similar reductions in TRL and TRSA between years in both irrigation regimes. Deep and infrequent irrigation stimulated root growth throughout the 0- to 24-cm rootzone in May and June and promoted root longevity in summer.
Understanding Ghanaian Students' Perception of Service Quality in Higher Education

Measuring service quality in higher education has become an important exercise to determine students’ level of satisfaction and possibility of continue enrolment. This paper focuses on students’ perception of service quality in Ghanaian higher institutions with specific objective of identifying the service quality criteria used by students of Tamale Polytechnic to evaluate the quality of service offered by the polytechnic. The HEdPERF model was adopted as the conceptual framework for the paper. Questionnaires were used to collect data from randomly selected 372 students from Tamale Polytechnic. The study found that, excellent and quality programs run by the polytechnic, highly educated instructors in, timely delivery of promises by the polytechnic staff, reputation of the programs offered by the polytechnic and access to materials at the school’s library were the key service quality criteria that affect the students’ perception of service quality. The study recommended that, higher institutions should introduce programs that are highly marketable with various areas of specialisation, continue to recruit high calibre lecturers and deliver promises on time. Higher institutions are also advised to improve students-staff relationship and work hard to improve their reputation in order to positively influence students’ perception of service quality. Keywords: Students Perception, Service Quality, HEdPERF Model, Higher Education, Ghana