Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Selected Market Indicators During the Dot-Com Bubble

Since the outbreak of the recent financial crisis in 2007, central banks around the world have lowered interest rates while stock markets soared. On the example of North America, Europe, and Asia and in particular the United States, Germany, and China, the situation as of December 2015 is compared on the basis of economic theory and selected key performance indicators to the United States dot-com bubble in the nineties years of the twentieth century. Literature review offers a complex general view on the issue of market bubbles with a historical review of the situation in 2007 and 2008. The only indication of a bubble can be found in the China Securities Index 300, more specifically in the technology sector. The further aim of the paper is related to analyse and compare returns of the explored indices among the regions and the sectors. On a broader level, the study finds that even though there are similarities, the current rise in indices does not qualify for an asset price bubble. Conclusion sums all the observed findings on both the levels - regional and national. Also, it offers suggestions for discussion about the situation on the markets after the financial crisis.
The Impact of Immigration on Native Workers in Australia

Immigration leads to a change in the supply of workers across skill groups. The resulting impact on employment and earnings of native workers is estimated using an innovative approach developed by Borjas (2003). The approach takes into account the skill differentials in the labour force and defines skill groups of workers in terms of their education and work experience. We find that an increase in the proportion of immigrants has a significant positive effect on labour market outcomes for native workers. This finding challenges widely held perceptions that immigration erodes labour market outcomes for native workers.
ACCOUNTING IRREGULARITIES AND TAX AGGRESSIVENESS

We examine the association between the incidence of accounting irregularities and aggressive tax reporting. We use Beneish’s M-score model to measure accounting irregularities and effective tax rates (ETR) to measure tax aggressiveness. Based on analysis of publicly listed Malaysian firms from 2008 to 2011, we find a positive but not significant relationship between accounting irregularities and tax aggressiveness. Though contrary to prior findings, our study adds to the evidence of the various motivations behind the unethical behavior involving financial reporting and/or taxation decisions. The finding of this study is useful to both financial and tax authorities in understanding the link between financial and tax reporting decisions.
Cluster Identi ’ cation Using Projections

This article describes a procedure to identify clusters in multivariate data using information obtained from the univariate projections of the sample data onto certain directions. The directions are chosen as those that minimize and maximize the kurtosis coef cient of the projected data. It is shown that, under certain conditions, these directions provide the largest separation for the different clusters. The projected univariate data are used to group the observations according to the values of the gaps or spacings between consecutiveordered observations . These groupings are then combined over all projection directions. The behavior of the method is tested on several examples, and compared to k-means, MCLUST, and the procedure proposed by Jones and Sibson in 1987. The proposed algorithm is iterative, af ne equivariant,  exible, robust to outliers, fast to implement, and seems to work well in practice.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS OF A NEW FORM OF PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI DISCOVERED IN THAILAND

This study aimed to clarify evolutionary relationships of P. westermani-like with other members of Paragonimus in Asia. The parsimony method was employed in molecular analyses of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region of mitochondrial DNA. A single most parsimonious tree obtained from the ITS2 region revealed two important groups within P. westermani complex that is based on geographical origins. From this study, it is evident that P. westermani-like is either placed well within the P. westermani complex or is located close to the complex. Since a significant genetic variation was observed between Thai P. westermani and P. westermani-like, further investigation on the specificity of first intermediate hosts should be carried out to determine a proper taxonomic status of P. westermani-like.
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey - XXVI. Properties of the O-dwarf population in 30 Doradus

Context. The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey has observed hundreds of O-type stars in the 30 Doradus region of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Aims. We study the properties of a statistically significant sample of O-type dwarfs in the same star-forming region and test the latest atmospheric and evolutionary models of the early main-sequence phase of massive stars. Methods. We performed quantitative spectroscopic analysis of 105 apparently single O-type dwarfs. To determine stellar and wind parameters, we used the IACOB-GBAT package, an automatic procedure based on a large grid of atmospheric models that are calculated with the fast wind code. This package was developed for the analysis of optical spectra of O-type stars. In addition to classical techniques, we applied the Bayesian bonnsai tool to estimate evolutionary masses. Results. We provide a new calibration of effective temperature vs. spectral type for O-type dwarfs in the LMC, based on our homogeneous analysis of the largest sample of such objects to date and including all spectral subtypes. Good agreement with previous results is found, although the sampling at the earliest subtypes could be improved. Rotation rates and helium abundances are studied in an evolutionary context. We find that most of the rapid rotators (v sin i > 300 km s(-1)) in our sample have masses below similar to 25 M circle dot and intermediate rotation-corrected gravities (3.9 < log gc < 4.1). Such rapid rotators are scarce at higher gravities (i. e. younger ages) and absent at lower gravities (larger ages). This is not expected from theoretical evolutionary models, and does not appear to be due to a selection bias in our sample. We compare the estimated evolutionary and spectroscopic masses, finding a trend that the former is higher for masses below similar to 20 M circle dot This can be explained as a consequence of limiting our sample to the O-type stars, and we see no compelling evidence for a systematic mass discrepancy. For most of the stars in the sample we were unable to estimate the wind-strength parameter (hence mass-loss rates) reliably, particularly for objects with lower luminosity (log L = L/L circle dot less than or similar to 5.1). Only with ultraviolet spectroscopy will we be able to undertake a detailed investigation of the wind properties of these dwarfs.
Influence of dietary fiber addition on some properties of yoghurt

Abstract The objective of this work was to study the effect of different dietary fibers on rheological properties of yoghurts fortified with these fibers [1, 2, 3]. Commercial fibers from apple and inulin were used. The effect of addition of dietary fibers in yoghurt [4, 5] was investigated by a rotational viscometer, Brookfield viscometer (Brookfield Engineering Inc., Model RV-DV I Prime) with RV spindles. The Brookfield viscometer DV I Prime with disk spindles represents an easy and cheap method for rheological characterization of non-Newtonian fluids, in this case of yoghurt. Syneresis and pH did not show any difference, while only apple fiber yoghurt showed colour differences compared to control.
Attitudes, Motivation and Parental Encouragement in Learning English as a Foreign Language: the Croatian Context

The aim of this study was to investigate, establish and analyze differences in students’ motivational patterns (attitudes, interests and parental encouragement) towards English as a foreign language (EFL) and to find possible differences in motivation. The sample consisted of 53 (34 male and 19 female) students at the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Croatia. Variable sample consisted of a questionnaire of 30 statements divided in 3 parts. The questionnaire is reliable (Cronbach's alpha > 0.80). The results show that male students have statistically significant positive attitude (p = 0.03) towards English as a foreign language than female students. Female students, on the other hand, have almost statistically significant difference (p = 0.06) concerning the parental influence in learning EFL. In addition, the results reveal that attitudes and interests in learning English in female students seem to be significantly correlated, while male students show statistical correlation between interest in learning a foreign language and parental encouragement in learning EFL. Furthermore, while male students express more positive attitudes towards English based on the level of their parental encouragement, female students do not base their interest in learning English on their parental encouragement but rather on their personal attitude towards English.
Empirical study: investigating the effect of CO2 concentration on reported thermal comfort

Research shows that an increase in indoor CO 2 concentration stimulates the human respiratory system; this action will in turn increase metabolic rate and heat exchange with the environment. The hypothesis is that people may fell warmer. To investigate this effect, this paper presents the results of an empirical study carried out in a climate chamber over the summer of 2014. While the six predictive model independent variables were kept constant, eighteen participants were exposed to three conditions: an increase (1), then a decrease (2) in CO 2 concentration, and finally a constant exposure (3). During the experiments, participants completed questionnaires, reporting on their comfort perception and concentration level. Preliminary results show that CO 2 concentration has an effect on reported thermal comfort. This insight may be used in future studies to review the operation of ventilation systems, aiming to reduce energy consumption whilst minimising impact on occupants’ thermal comfort. Keywords: Thermal comfort, Indoor CO 2 concentration, Perceived concentration level
HIV in Pregnancy : an Assessment of Obstetric Morbidities in Benue North Central Nigeria

ENGLISH/ANGLAIS] Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, NIGERIA * Email Address for Correspondence/ Adresse de courriel pour la correspondance: faithandholiness@g mail.com Accepted/Accepté: November, 2013 Full Citation: Alobo GI, Ochejele S, Ngwan SD, Ayeni D. HIV in Pregnancy: An Assessment of Obstetric Morbidities in Benue North Central Nigeria. World Journal Life Science and Medical Research. 2013;3(1):15-20 Benue state has the highest sero prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria at 12.7% which is about 3 times the national average of 4.1%. Few studies have been carried out from the obstetric perspectives in the state since the advent of HAART for PMTCT in the country. This prospective study was targeted at the delivery outcome of HIV infected pregnant women. Fetal birth weight, low birth weight, still birth, low Apgar scores, labour dynamics and maternal mortality were measured in all HIV positive and negative women who delivered at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi from January 1st to December 31st 2012. There were 2218 deliveries in 2012 but 1965(88.6%) had their retroviral status determined using HIV screening tests, amongst these 323(16.4%) were HIV positive. Access to triple ART was 92.6% and the mean duration of use was 27months. Exposed babies had an average birth weight of 2.6kg compared to 3.1kg. They had a relative risk of 3.8 for preterm deliveries, 2.5 for LBW, 2.8 for still births, 5.1 for low APGAR scores. Despite delayed membrane ruptures, Labour kinetics as well as maternal morbidities and mortality were similar irrespective of status. In conclusion, babies born to HIV infected mothers have high risk for morbidities and mortality but the maternal complications were comparable irrespective of status.
Towards a Model of Play: an Empirical Study

This paper describes an empirical work dedicated to the design and analysis of the uses of Tamagocours, a collaborative multiplayer online game. Tamagocours has been designed to address an educational challenge: teaching the rules (ie. copyright) that comply with the policies for the use of digital resources in an educational context. The challenge lies in the fact that the subject is complex, the time dedicated to this course is short, students are not motivated enough by the topic, and few educators are available. The design of the game and the analysis of its use are based on a theoretical model (Russian Matryoschka Model of Play) adapted from the Theory of Didactical Situations (Brousseau, 1998). Rather than the game itself, we consider the play, the situation established within the game. This situation enables epistemic interactions (ie. interactions involved in the learning process and called digital epistemic play). We distinguish two layers of play. The first layer is dedicated to action (ie. interactions between students and the game). The second layer of play is devoted to formulation of the applied strategies and discussions which enable the validation of the latter strategies. Another layer of interaction consists in leaving the situation of play and in a debriefing conducted by an educator. Tamagocours is based on a metaphor; a tamagotchi which needs to be fed with digital educational resources. The gameplay consists in (1) choosing a resource, (2) chatting with partners in order to discuss its relevance and (3) feeding the Tamagocours with this resource. The feedback provided by the Tamagocours character depends on the characteristics of the resource. One which complies with the policies enables the player to earn points, otherwise, the Tamagocours could be killed if fed too many inappropriate resources. Our methodology is based on recording and analyzing the digital traces produced by a group of 25 students (8 teams) who played during a 90 minutes session. The students' discussions where coded and the digital traces enabled us to draw a behavioural model of the students. This paper aims at discussing the relevance of our model in drawing a behavioural model of the students by identifying Action patterns and describing the strategies of the players/learners.
Positional measuring procedure and CCD observations for Saturnian satellites

A positional measuring procedure for the eight major satellites of Saturn (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion and Iapetus) is developed. Using this procedure, 199 frames of CCD images, obtained with the 1-meter telescope at the Yunnan Observatory from 1996-2000, are measured. These positions are compared to the ones computed with the Vienne & Duriez ephemerides (TASS1.7). The calibrated parameters of the CCD scale and orientation are determined by the comparison of their measurement coordinates with computed positions of four bright satellites: Tethys, Dione, Rhea and Titan. A catalog of 913 differential positions has been obtained. Analysis of the data as inter-satellite positions shows that these observations of the above-mentioned four satellites have root-mean-square residuals of 0.04 arcsec in the sense of (O-C) (Observed minus Computed). The positional measuring procedure is shown to be good enough to obtain a small dispersion in the observations for the major Saturnian satellites.
Functional implications of the form of Codium bursa, a balloon-like Mediterranean macroalga

The constraints imposed by the geometry of Codium bursa, a balloon-like Mediterranean macroalga with a thick (= 5.6 mm) thallus enclosing a lumen filled with water, on its functional properties were tested by examining the scaling of its form, composition (pigmentation and nutrient content), light absorption, metabolism (respiration rate, light use efficiency, and maximal photosynthetic rate), and growth to individual size. We found that C. bursa absorbs most (98 %) of the incident light, due to its high area1 pigment density (0.52 pg chl a mm-2), but that light absorption was very inefficient, as seen from the low values of absorption per unit carbon (0.045 mZ g-' C), which suggest a low intrinsic growth rate. The pigment and nutrient content of C. bursa increase more slowly than the macroalgal weight, so that large C. bursa balloons have lower pigment and nutrient contents than smaller individuals. As a consequence, photosynthetic capacity declines with increasing size, and light compensation points increase with increasing individual size, suggesting increasing light requirements and reduced potential growth rate as C. bursa grows. This was confirmed by in situ estimates of growth rate that showed C. bursa to rank amongst the slowest-growing macroalgae (specific growth rate 1.8 * 0.3 X lO-= d-') as well as by the significant decline of specific growth rate with increasing algal size. The results obtained confirm the slow growth rates and the strong size-dependence of biochemical composition and metabolism imposed by the spherical geometry of C. bursa.
DEADWOOD IN FOREST STANDS CLOSE TO OLD-GROWTHNESS UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS IN THE ITALIAN PENINSULA

Considering that indicators of old-growth features can vary across the European ecoregions, this paper provides some results to identify the distinctive traits of old-growth forests in the Mediterranean ecoregion. Deadwood occurrence as indicator of naturalness is investigated in some remote forest areas that have developed in absence of anthropogenic disturbance over the past few decades. Eleven study sites across the Italian peninsula were selected and records of deadwood were carried out in 1-ha size plots. Deadwood volume, deadwood types and decay stages were inventoried in the selected sites. The amounts of deadwood indicate a large variability among the investigated forest stands: the total volume ranged between 2 and 143 m 3 ha -1 , with an average of 60 m 3 ha -1 . Lying deadwood is the most abundant component of deadwood in the investigated forests, due to the natural mortality occurring in the stands in relation to the processes established in the last decades. On the contrary, stumps are the less represented type of deadwood in almost all the study areas. All the decay classes are present in each study site. The amount of deadwood in Southern Europe, even if lower than that reported for North and Central European countries, could have a different meaning due to the faster decay occurring in Mediterranean forest ecosystems. For this reason, old-growth features and the characteristics of each indicator should be framed and referred to well-defined climatic and
The Use of the Recognition Heuristic as an Investment Strategy in European Stockmarkets

Purpose – People often face constraints such as a lack of time or information in taking decisions, which leads them to use heuristics. In these situations, fast and frugal rules may be useful for making adaptive decisions with fewer resources, even if it leads to suboptimal choices. When applied to financial markets, the recognition heuristic predicts that investors acquire the stocks that they are aware of, thereby inflating the price of the most recognized stocks. This paper aims to study the profitability against the market of the most recognized stocks in Europe. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the authors perform a survey and use Google Trends to study the profitability against the market of the most recognized stocks in Europe. Findings – The authors conclude that a recognition heuristic portfolio yields poorer returns than a market portfolio. In contrast, from the data collected on Google Trends, weak evidence was found that strong increases in companies monthly search volumes may lead to abnormal returns in the followingmonth. Research limitations/implications – The applied investment strategy does not account for transaction costs, which may jeopardize its profitability given the fact that it is necessary to revise the portfolio on a monthly basis. Despite the results obtained, they are useful to understanding the performance of recognition heuristic strategies over a comprehensive time horizon, and it would be interesting to depict its viability during different market conditions. This analysis could provide additional information about a preferable scenario for employing our strategies and, ultimately, enhance the profitability of recognition heuristic strategies. Practical implications – Through the exhaustive analysis performed here on the recognition heuristic in the European stock market, it is possible to conclude that no evidence was found for the viability of exploring this type of strategy. In fact, the investors would always gain better returns when adopting a passive investment strategy. Therefore, it would be wise to assume that the European market presents at least a degree of efficiency where no investment would yield abnormal returns following the recognition heuristic. Originality/value – The main objective of this paper is to study the performance of the recognition heuristic in the financial markets and to contribute to the knowledge in this field. Although many authors have already studied this heuristic when applied to financial markets, there is a lack of consensus in the literature.
Healthcare and Management Practices among Pig farmers in hill zone of West Bengal

Pig is one of the most efficient feed and feed by product converter with higher growth potential and short generation interval among the domesticated livestock species. The study was undertaken to find out the healthcare and management practices in backyard pig rearing. The present study was conducted purposively in the hill zone of West Bengal assuming large pig population. In all, 120 respondents were the total sample size for the study. The study shows that majority of the respondent had observed diarrhoea as the most prevalent disease but none had segregated infected animals from the healthy stock. Majority of the respondents treat ed their sick animals by themselves using indigenous traditional knowledge. Little attention was paid to d eworming and vaccination against important disease by the majority of the respondents. The study also reveals that majority of the respondents had a wooden or bamboo house for their pig, used broom only for cleaning the house. Neither of them ga ve iron and vitamin for their piglets nor did they provide separate house, bedding material or practiced weaning. Little attention was paid to supplementary feeding and care for mortality prevention in piglets. Majority of the respondents castrated boar by an expert in the village using an indigenous method between 3-6 months, but none of the respondents were found removing the needle teeth.