Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On sustainability: an economic approach

lSustainabilityr is invoked as a desirable objective in a range of contexts, yet its meaning is not always clear. Sustainability can imply vastly different policy responses depending on interpretation, particularly in relation to the degree to which environmental and other resources should be consumed over time. Using an economic framework for exploring the issues, this staff research note illustrates possible interpretations of sustainability and what they imply for policy analysis.
Assessment of nursing students in clinical practice - An intervention study of a modified process

Objective: To evaluate an intervention of a modified assessment process for nursing students in clinical practice and how this process was experienced by the nursing students and their supervisors. Methods: An intervention study with a descriptive approach. The data collection was conducted in two phases with a survey and follow-up group interviews. Participants were second-year nursing students and their nursing supervisors. Descriptive statistics were used for the quantitative data (survey) and qualitative content analysis for the qualitative data (tape-record and transcribed interviews). Mixed method was used to integrate all data. Findings: The survey response rate was 65% (n = 41 students) and 100% (n = 9 supervisors). Students and supervisors found the assessment tool applicable for the assessment process. Assessment through dialogue and Supportive learning environment, describe how the modified assessment process was experienced. Conclusions and implication for clinical practice: It is important that the supervisors understand the learning goals and assessment criteria and how to use the assessment tool. Clear structures based on learning goals and assessment criteria as well as their own strategies to reach their goals benefit student learning. Strategies need to be developed to facilitate the assessment process when the teachers from the university have a consulative role. The new assessment tool and changing the university teachers’ involvement can be seen as a form of professional development of the supervisors’ group as they take greater responsibility in conducting the assessment of nursing students in clinical practice.
Social Capital and Innovation in R&D Teams: The Mediating Roles of Psychological Safety and Learning from Mistakes

The relationship between social capital and R&D team innovation has received increasing attention in the literature. However, little is known about the mechanisms between the two. This study aims to narrow the gap by investigating the mediating roles of psychological safety and learning from mistakes between the three dimensions of social capital and innovation at team level. Our sample comprised 151 R&D teams with 585 members from nine Chinese high-tech companies. The results showed that psychological safety and learning from mistakes (LFM) partially mediated the relationship between the structural and cognitive capital and innovation in R&D teams, and fully mediated the relationship between the relational capital and innovation in R&D teams. We further discussed subsequent managerial implications and future research directions.
On periodic solutions found in sü 11 ple ocean n 1 odels with fixed surface fiuxes

In a recent paper Greatbatch and Zhang reported the finding of interdecadal oscillations in an idealized ocean basin forced by constant heat flux. This oscillation has many similarities to that found by Delworth et al. in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Vve have used three simple models with fixed surface fluxes, a box model, a \Velander-like loop model and a three-level three-dimensional ocean basin model, in order to compare mechanisms associated with interdecadal oscillations in these models. Our experiments with the basin model revealed the three-dimensional character of the oscillations in three-dimensional models. Self-sustained oscillations are associated with a reduction of the propagation speed of cold anomalies in the north-western corner of the model because of anomalous strong convection in that region. Then anomalous
Socio-economic characteristics and its relationship with informationseeking pattern of dairy farmers in Tamilnadu, India

Livestock plays a significant role in the rural economy of Tamil Nadu. Every rural household is associated with livestock. The present study was endeavored to know about the profile of dairy farmers and its association with information dynamics. The study was conducted in Villupuram and Salem districts representing two diverse agro climatic zones of Tamil Nadu. The results of the study revealed that 76.67 per cent of the respondents belonged to old and middle aged categories, 45.00 per cent belonged to illiterate, 78.33 per cent and 21.67 per cent of the respondents had agriculture and dairying as their primary occupation respectively. Most of the respondents (70.83 per cent) belonged to nuclear family. More than half (64.16 per cent) of the respondents had high dairy farming experience. Nearly three-fourth (73.30 per cent) had medium livestock possession and 74.16 per cent adopted innovations after seeing the results of adoption by other farmers. Less than half (40.00 per cent) of the respondents had membership in one organisation and belonged to cosmopoliteness category.
−WEAK CONTRACTIONS IN FUZZY METRIC SPACES

In this paper, the notion of −weak contraction [18] is extended to fuzzy metric spaces. The existence of common fixed points for two mappings is established where one mapping is −weak contraction with respect to another mapping on a fuzzy metric space. Our result generalizes a result of Gregori and Sapena [9].
Financing Uganda'S Poverty Reduction Strategy; Is Aid Causing More Pain Than Gain?

Uganda's market-friendly development strategy and poverty reduction agenda have attracted large financial inflows, including aid. During 2000-02, concerns about a possible aid-induced Dutch disease were heightened by widening macroeconomic imbalances and an upward trend in the real effective exchange rate (REER). This paper shows that the REER remained broadly stable during a 10-year period and nontraditional exports increased remarkably, contrary to the predictions of the Dutch disease model. Also, economic growth was strong. This good performance is attributed to sound macroeconomic policies and important structural reforms, which have allowed an increased use of available production factors.
Correlating galaxy colour and halo concentration: a tunable halo model of galactic conformity

We extend the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) framework to generate mock galaxy catalogs exhibiting varying levels of "galactic conformity", which has emerged as a potentially powerful probe of environmental effects in galaxy evolution. Our model correlates galaxy colours in a group with the concentration of the common parent dark halo through a "group quenching efficiency" $\rho$ which makes older, more concentrated halos $\textit{at fixed mass}$ preferentially host redder galaxies. We find that, for a specific value of $\rho$, this 1-halo conformity matches corresponding measurements in a group catalog based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our mocks also display conformity at large separations from isolated objects, potentially an imprint of halo assembly bias. A detailed study - using mocks with assembly bias erased while keeping 1-halo conformity intact - reveals a rather nuanced situation, however. At separations $\lesssim 4$Mpc, conformity is mainly a 1-halo effect dominated by the largest halos and is $\textit{not}$ a robust indicator of assembly bias. Only at very large separations ($\gtrsim 8$Mpc) does genuine 2-halo conformity, driven by the assembly bias of small halos, manifest distinctly. We explain all these trends in standard Halo Model terms. Our model opens the door to parametrized HOD analyses that self-consistently account for galactic conformity at all scales.
Wealth Effects of Private Equity Placements: Evidence from Singapore

We examine institutional characteristics and the wealth effects of private equity placements in Singapore. Our findings show that private placements in Singapore generally result in a negative wealth effect and a reduction in ownership concentration. We find that at high levels of ownership concentration, the relation between abnormal returns and changes in ownership concentration is significantly negative. We also show that the market reacts less favorably to placements in which management ownership falls below 50%, but more favorably to issues to single investors. We do not find evidence suggesting that our results are due to an information effect.
One Size Does Not Fit All: A Field Experiment on the Drivers of Tax Compliance and Delivery Methods in Rwanda

Although field experiments in tax compliance represent a growing area of research, the literature has so far focussed exclusively on high and middle-income countries. This paper starts to fill this gap by reporting the results of a tax field experiment in Rwanda, while also highlighting some characteristics that may be common to other low-income countries. We evaluate an intervention carried out by the Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA), which involved sending messages to taxpayers to nudge their declaration behaviour during the filing period of January-March 2016. Focussing particularly on business profits tax, our study is designed to address two interrelated questions. First, what are the key drivers of compliance in Rwanda? Second, what is the best delivery method to reach taxpayers with messages designed to improve compliance? Although other studies have explored delivery methods in the context of taxpayer communication, our study is the first one to interact these methods with different message contents. As a result, we evaluate a set of nine treatments that combine three message contents (deterrence, fiscal exchange, reminders) and three delivery methods (letters, SMS, emails) â€“ as compared to a control group that received no message. We find that friendly approaches to taxpayers are generally more effective than deterrence. However, small taxpayers are still quite responsive to the possibility of being fined and prosecuted (deterrence). We also show that low-cost delivery methods like SMS and emails can be highly effective as compared to letters.
Governance mode vs. governance fit: Performance implications of make-or-ally choices for product innovation in the worldwide aircraft industry, 1942–2000

We examine the impact of governance mode and governance fit on performance in make-or-ally decisions. We argue that while horizontal collaboration and autonomous governance have direct and countervailing performance implications, the alignment of make-or-ally choices with the focal firm's resource endowment and the activity's resource requirements leads to better performance. Data on the aircraft industry show that relative to aircraft developed autonomously, collaborative aircraft exhibit greater sales but require longer time-to-market. However, governance fit increases unit sales and reduces time-to-market. We contribute to the alliance and economic organization literatures.
Variability in the trophic role of coral reef fish larvae in the oceanic plankton

The transport of larval coral reef fishes to juvenile habitat inherently requires that they survive the planktonic journey; however, the processes governing survival — particularly those related to feeding — are not well known. Monthly sampling across the Straits of Florida allowed for analyses of the diets and diet variability of several co-occurring taxa of coral reef fish larvae from the families Serranidae, Lutjanidae, Mullidae, Pomacentridae, Labridae, Scaridae and Acanthuridae. The proportions of larvae with food present in the gut were high (0.94 to 1.0) for all taxa except scarids (0.04), and diets were generally narrow and predator-specific. Serranus spp. (Serranidae) diets changed little with growth and were composed almost entirely of calanoid copepods, while the labrids Thalassoma bifasciatum and Xyrichtys spp. consumed harpacticoid and cyclopoid (Farranula and Oncaea) copepods almost exclusively throughout ontogeny. Lutjanine and acanthurid larvae relied increasingly upon appendicularians with growth, and mullids exhibited an ontogenetic shift from nauplii to calanoid copepodites and appendicularians. Cluster analysis examining diet similar- ity among taxa yielded clear groupings: small acanthurids, labrids, appendicularian-feeders, and a fourth group consisting of subgroups of larvae with calanoid and mixed diets. Within larval taxa, canonical correspondence analysis indicated how diet varied with several environmental and larva- specific variables. The trophic niche breadth of 4 taxa decreased significantly with growth, while other taxa exhibited no significant change. These results highlight distinct differences between high- and low-latitude regions, most notably the taxon-specific trophic roles and the apparent niche parti- tioning of larval fishes within the diverse planktonic food webs of lower latitudes.
Prediction of Methane and Ethane Hydrate Phase Equilibria in Porous Media Using Artificial Neural Network

A few theoretical studies dealing with hydrate–liquid two-phase equilibrium and three-phase equilibrium in porous media is available in the literature. In this paper, an alternate tool, i.e. the artificial neural network (ANN) technique was employed to estimate the temperature of gas hydrate in porous media. The ANN model was applied to the available 359 and 258 sets of data for methane and ethane respectively comprising temperature pressure and pore size. In order to validate the ANN model, the samples were divided into two groups. One containing 289 and 208 samples of methane and ethane that were employed to train the two networks whereas the remaining 70 and 50 other samples were used for validating the model. Moreover, training of the networks was done applying the standard feed forward back propagation algorithm and several structures were tested to obtain the most suitable network for prediction of the equilibrium. The hydrate phase equilibria for binary mixtures of CH4+water as well as C2H6+water in silica pores were predicted. The predictions of this method were in acceptable agreement with independent experimental data, demonstrating the reliability of ANN tool for estimation of the hydrate phase equilibrium in presence of porous media. sadeghi@iust.ac. ir
The Value of Policies to Conserve Native Bees in Northern Thailand-A Discrete Choice Experiment

This article is an attempt to estimate the economic value of policies aimed at conserving native bees (and their pollination services) in Northern Thailand, by means of a discrete choice experiment. The preferences of 198 longan (Dimocarpus longan) farmers for three conservation strategies in particular, namely “bee-friendly pest management”, “improving native bee habitats within agro-forest ecosystems” and “fostering the husbandry of native bee species”, were analyzed. Thereby, the part-worth utilities of these strategies and of their potential effects on the population of native bees were estimated with conditional logit and random parameter logit models. Furthermore, the contribution of a “cost” attribute to the explanation of the utility associated with the choice alternatives allowed the calculation of willingness to pay estimates for the individual conservation strategies and for changes in the population of native bees. As a result, a positive contribution of the proposed conservation measures to the utility derived from the choice alternatives containing them could be established. Similarly, positive changes in the population of native bees also increased the chances of related conservation policy profiles being chosen. It can be concluded that the population of longan farmers is generally willing to pay for the conservation of native bees in their region, although explaining their preference heterogeneity for the proposed conservation measures will require further analyses.
Twenty Years of Molecular Biogeography in the West Mediterranean Islands of Corsica and Sardinia: Lessons Learnt and Future Prospects

The Mediterranean Sea comprises a wide array of insular systems. Sardinia and Corsica are respectively the second and forth-largest islands of the Mediterranean Sea and they are environmentally complex due to their topography and orography. Owing to their central position in the Tyrrhenian Sea (Figure 1) humans started settling on the islands relatively early, during the Mesolithic. Pliny and Ptolemy were among the first to briefly mention the islands’ fauna. More systematic surveys of their biodiversity started around 300 years ago, when Sardinia became part of the Kingdom of Sardinia ruled by the House of Savoy and Corsica was incorporated into France [1]. Our current knowledge of the islands’ biological diversity can be considered quite accurate; the fauna is relatively species-poor compared to the sur‐ rounding continental areas, still rate of endemism is high, approaching about 7% for Sardinia [2]. Most of the Corsican-Sardinian endemisms show clear affinity with species distributed across that part of Southern Europe that embraces Northern Spain and Southern France. Some of these elements are also closely related to species occurring in Central insular and peninsular Italy (Tuscan Archipelago and coastal areas of Tuscany; Figure 1). These concordant, yet disjunct, distributions (peri-Tyrrhenian hereinto) are shared among a variety of unrelated organisms, from plants to invertebrates and vertebrates (see [3] for a synthesis) all having very low (if any) potential for long distance, over-sea dispersal.
Director Histories and the Pattern of Acquisitions

We trace directors through time and across firms to study whether acquirers' exposure to non-public information about potential targets through board service histories affects the market for corporate control. In a sample of publicly-traded U.S. firms from 1996 through 2006, we find that acquirers are about five times more likely to buy firms at which their directors once served. These effects are stronger when the acquirer has better corporate governance, the director has a larger ownership stake at the acquirer, or the director played an important role during past service at the target. The findings are robust to endogeneity of board composition and to controls for network connectivity and conventional inter-firm interlocks.
A New Look into Credit Procyclicality: International Panel Evidence

The goal of this paper is to provide up-to-date worldwide evidence on the short-term relationship between credit changes and output changes. Standard correlation methods, state of-the-art panel Granger causality tests, and panel regressions were applied on a maximum sample of 144 countries over the period 1990-2007. Our results openly clash with two popular economic statements, namely, that credit is procyclical and that changes in credit have strong effects on private expenditure. According to the evidence produced, credit procyclicality -in the sense that the simple correlation coefficient is positive and significant at 10% or less- prevails in just 45% of the countries when annual data are used (23% with quarterly data). As for time precedence, our work suggests that, for the full sample, Granger causality runs from GDP to credit, while the often claimed causality from credit to GDP is a feature observable much less frequently –this behavior is observed only in financially developed countries. Results are robust to random resampling. Furthermore, after considering the potential presence of endogeneity, we contend that our results uncover not just mere Granger causality but economic causality. All in all, these findings have vast academic and policy implications.
Studies on heterosis of chili (Capsicum annuum L.).

Ten varieties of local chili were collected from different locations in Thailand. Observation and evaluation of those varieties were made in comparison with five male sterile varieties introduced from abroad. Five varieties were selected among these ten varieties as male parents. They were self-pollinated for two generations before crossing with two male sterile lines. Ten F1 hybrid lines were obtained and compared with the male parents at a private company in Chiang Rai and at the Department of Horticulture, Chiang Mai University. The results showed that the three F1 hybrid lines, K Y1-1 x Bang-Chang, KY 11 x Nhum Khiew and KY 1-1 x Nhum Khiew Maejo yielded 76.96%, 39.13% and 8.09% higher than the male parents which are landrace varieties. Moreover, the fruit quality was also higher than those of the male parents. They also have a rather good shape, smooth skin and big fruits. The degree of pungency as measured by spectrophotometer was different from that measured by human bite test. The highest pungency of bite test was found in Fang chili whereas the spectrophotometer methods indicated that BangChang chili had the highest pungency. KY 1-1 x Nhum Khiew Maejo, CF21789 x Nhum Khiew and KY 1-1 x Nhum Khiew showed high percentage of heterosis. Pungency of F1 hybrid tested by spectrophotometer methods indicated that different male parents produce different degree of pungency. Pungency was segregated between their male and female parents, revealing that the trait was polygenically controlled with mainly dominant gene action. Variation in degree of pungency was also controlled by environment.
Microplastic tracking from Pacific garbage to Northern Indonesia Sea

This study aims to examine the pattern of microplastic waste movement of Pacific Garbage Patch (PGP) that has the potential to enter the north of Indonesia sea. This study very important because microplastic affected the regional tourism activities, water pollution, and economics of fisherman and local society. The impact is very widerange to local and national economics. The method used is a simulation and descriptive analysis. The simulation method used is hydrodynamic simulation and trajectory of particles conducted for 365 days in 2016. The study areas in this study include eastern Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Pacific Ocean. The data used are wind, tidal, bathymetry, microplastic weight, and microplastic flux. The simulation results show the movement of microplastic at point source 1 tends to the northeast with a clockwise circular motion. The simulation results at source point 2 indicate that the microplastic movement tends to revolve around the source point in a clockwise circular motion. The result of simulation of source point 3 shows that the microplastic movement tends to the north with the circular motion and left-right movement. The displacement of microplastic particles within a year is only 0.11 - 8.94 km from the source point. This study showed that within a year, microplastic waste from PGP does not have the potential to enter the waters of Indonesia.
Pharmacologyonline 1 : 356-365 ( 2011 ) Swathi and Vidyavathi

Drug metabolism is essential to know the safety and efficacy of a drug as well as in the development of new drug entities. Traditionally several small animal models and invitro models like tissue culture, microsomal preparations etc. are being developed of which the microbial model became a very popular. In the present study eight microorganisms were screened for their ability to metabolize hesperidine in a manner comparable to humans to an active metabolite hesperitine. Among the different microorganisms screened, Cunninghamella elegans metabolized hesperidine as an extra metabolite peak appeared at retention time of 3.39min. compared to its controls. The influence of the type and concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources in the fungal media on the metabolite production was studied. Maximum biotransformation to produce hesperidine metabolite was found in the presence of dextrose(2%) and yeast extract(0.01%) which might be due to increased mycelia growth or induction of the enzymes required for metabolism.