Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF DIGITAL MARKETING ON CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS

Viewing the use of digital channels in marketing from a customer relationship perspective offers several benefits to a marketer. Brand communication can be frequent and personalized, and different options for a dialogue exist. The benefits of dialogue include learning from and about customers, revealing their needs and interests, and being able to provide them with better and more personal service. From a customer perspective, the Internet has given power to get up-to-date information, to compare products and services more easily, and to get in touch with marketers. In a digital environment, customers increasingly use self-service and have more options to initiate action. A customer’s perceived value of using digital channels and interacting with a marketer can come in several ways; it could be money, time, information, convenience, and so forth. This chapter examines how marketers can use digital channels to develop and strengthen customer relationships. In our framework, brand communication, service, personalization, and interactivity are suggested to be the key elements. IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB11217 This chapter appears in the book, Managing Business in a Multi-Chanel World: Success Factors for EBusiness edited by Timo Saarinen, Markku Tinnila and Anne Tseng. © 2005, Idea Group Inc.
Effects of Different Classes of Insecticides on the Activity of Hydrolases in Cotton Plant Leaves

Chitin is the main component of the fungi cell wall and exoskeleton of insects which serve as a defensive covering means in these organisms. Plants produce chitinase and glucanase as a systemic acquired resistance against these pests. The amounts of these enzymes in plant tissues change by the influences of different biotic and abiotic environmental factors which result in the defense of plants to be higher or lower. Insecticides a class of pesticides used against insects often cause the insect populations to increase. The reason of the phenomenon is explained with the fact that plants become more nutritious and defensive compounds lower. We investigated the influence of three insecticides carbophos (organophosphate), lannate (carbamate) and sumi-alfa (pyrethroid) on the hydrolase enzymes: chitinase and -1,3-glucanase, which determine the defense mechanism of cotton plant to fungi and insects. Field experiments were conducted on the cotton plant at the prebloom stage. Colorimetric analysis showed that the quantity of soluble proteins in cotton leaves treated with the pyrethroid sumi-alfa increased, whereas carbophos and lannate treatment decreased. The enzyme activities of chitinase increased after treatment with carbophos and lannate as compared to control, whereas sumi-alfa caused to decrease. -1,3-glucanase activity of the leaves treated with lannate and sumi-alfa was lower than the control.
A Novel in Vivo Bioassay for (Xeno-)estrogens Using Transgenic Zebrafish

Adverse trends in the reproductive health of male fish, including testis abnormalities and intersex gonads, have been increasingly reported over recent years. These effects have been associated with the exposure of fish to natural, synthetic, and xenobiotic estrogens present in the aquatic environment. A novel in vivo test system using transgenic zebrafish has been developed to rapidly determine the effects of estrogenic chemicals on critical life stages and sensitive target organs in the fish. In the transgenic zebrafish, an estrogen binding sequence linked to a TATA box and luciferase reporter gene was stably introduced. Binding of a substance to endogenous estrogen receptors (ER) and the subsequent transactivation of the ER result in luciferase gene induction that is easily measured in tissue lysates. Exposure to estradiol (E2) during juvenile stages of the transgenic zebrafish revealed the period of gonad differentiation to be the most responsive early life stage. In adult male transgenic zebrafish, t.
Examining the Relationship between Psychological Empowerment, Relationship Quality and Online Word of Mouth in Brand Facebook Page

This study examines the link between psychological empowerment, relationship quality and word of mouth in a brand Facebook page. It is intended to help brand marketers establish and apply successful relationship marketing strategies in the online environment. Successful implementation of relationship marketing in social networking sites will contribute to favorable consumer behaviors such as positive word of mouth. Based on the data collected from 10 hospitality brand Facebook pages, Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis was used to examine the structural interrelationship between psychological empowerment, relationship quality and online word of mouth. The empirical findings of this study were threefold. First, higher consumer psychological empowerment resulted in higher relationship satisfaction. Second, greater relationship satisfaction led to higher relationship commitment and relationship trust. Third, better relationship quality (relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment and relationship trust) contributed in greater positive online word of mouth. © 2016 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.uk
TASTE: The Asiago Search for Transit timing variations of Exoplanets I. Overview and improved parameters for HAT-P-3b and HAT-P-14b

A promising method for detecting earth-sized exoplanets is the timing analysis of a known transit. The technique allows a search for variations in either the transit duration or the center induced by the perturbation of a third body, e.g. a second planet or an exomoon. By applying this method, the TASTE (The Asiago search for transit timing variations of Exoplanets) project will collect high-precision, short-cadence light curves for a selected sample of transits by using imaging differential photometry at the Asiago 1.82 m telescope. The first light curves show that our project can achieve a competitive timing accuracy, as well as a significant improvement of the orbital parameters. We derived refined ephemerides for HAT-P-3b and HAT-P-14b with a timing accuracy of 11 and 25 s, respectively.
The interaction-driven starburst contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density

An increasing amount of observational evidence supports the notion that there are two modes of star formation: a quiescent mode in disk-like galaxies and a starburst mode, which is generally interpreted as driven by merging. Using a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, we derive the relative contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density of quiescently star forming and starburst galaxies, predicted under the assumption that starburst events are triggered by galaxy encounters (merging and fly-by kind) during their merging histories. We show that, within this framework, quiescently star forming galaxies dominate the cosmic star formation rate density at all redshifts. The contribution of the burst-dominated star forming galaxies increases with redshift, starting from 5% at low redshift (z 0.1) to ∼20% at z ≥ 5. We estimated that the fraction of the final (z = 0) galaxy stellar mass that is formed through the burst component of star formation is ∼10% for 10 10 M� ≤ M∗ ≤ 10 11.5 M� . Selected according to their distance from the galaxy main sequence, starburst galaxies account for ∼10% of the star formation rate density in the redshift interval 1.5 < z < 2.5, i.e., at the cosmic peak of the star formation activity.
Reproductive biology, length-weight relationship and condition factor of the African snake head, Parachanna obscura , from River Oshun, South-west Nigeria

Aspects of the biology of the African snake head, Parachanna obscura, obtained from River Oshun, South-west Nigeria, from August 2006 to February 2007, were studied. Fish were captured with gill nets. The species attained a maximum total length of 36.4 cm and body weight of 389.36 g. The length/weight relationship indicated allometric growth for males and isometric growth for females. Gonado-somatic index ranged between 1.1 and 2.8% in the females. Values of condition factor were high for males. There were more females than males, and immature fish dominated the catch. Eggs ranged in size between 0.88 and 1.11 mm, while fecundity estimates ranged between 1711 and 4000 and were not related to length and body weight. P. obscura in this study did not show any distinct seasonal pattern of breeding. Key words: Parachanna obscura, River Oshun, Nigeria, reproductive biology.
f(T) modified teleparallel gravity as an alternative for holographic and new agegraphic dark energy models

In the present work, we reconstruct different f(T)-gravity models corresponding to the original and entropy-corrected versions of the holographic and new agegraphic dark energy models. We also obtain the equation of state parameters of the corresponding f(T)-gravity models. We conclude that the original holographic and new agegraphic f(T)-gravity models behave like the phantom or quintessence model, whereas in the entropy-corrected models, the equation of state parameter can justify the transition from the quintessence state to the phantom regime as indicated by the recent observations.
Growth and survival of Tillandsia flexuosa on electrical cables in Panama

Almost 50% of the estimated 2500 species in the Bromeliaceae grow epiphytically in a remarkably wide range of habitats from inhospitable deserts to tropical rain forests (Benzing 2000). The degree of dependence on the host varies (Benzing 1990, Laube & Zotz 2006), and in some cases, epiphytic bromeliads may dispense completely with living hosts, and may thrive on artificial substrates such as electrical cables. This is not entirely surprising because this family provides examples of particularly remarkable adaptations to the epiphytic habitat like water-impounding leaf bases and water- and nutrient-absorbing scales (Benzing 2000). The so-called atmospheric forms in this family (e.g. Tillandsia recurvata) possess a dense covering of these scales, and use roots entirely as holdfasts, while leaves perform photosynthesis and take up water and nutrients. Although quite regularly mentioned in the literature (Benzing 1990, 2000; Brighigna et al. 1997, Lüttge 1989), we are not aware of any study investigating the vigour of plants growing on cables compared with plants growing on trees. The only functional aspects that have already been studied are related to nutrients, i.e. presence of nitrogen-fixing endophytes in Tillandsia recurvata plants from natural hosts and from electrical cables in Mexico (Puente & Bashan 1994) and differences in chemical composition of plant tissues and nutrient retention by leaves in Tillandsia capillaris growing on cables and trees in Argentina (Abril & Bucher 2009). Intermittent water supply, but also low nutrient supply, play an important role in epiphyte ecology (Zotz & Hietz 2001), which leads to the following alternative hypotheses: (1) Plants on electrical cables are usually close to roads.
Vβ Expression in Healthy Subjects and during Streptococcal Infection

To the Editor-Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, Watanabe-Ohnishi et al. [1] found a decrease in the proportions of T cells expressing V(31, V(35.1, and V(312, with no increase in any other V(3 subsets, after severe group B streptococcal infections. In contrast, an expansion of the V(32-expressing subset of T lymphocytes has been documented by flow cytometry (FACS) in 2 cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome [2]. Further, the control data in these two studies differed significantly as have reports of the proportions ofV(32 and V(38cells in normal subjects [1-8]. Watanabe-Ohnishi et al. reported the normal percentage ofV(32 cells as 15% (all other estimates have been 6.5%9%), and their normal percentage ofV(38 was 5% (other estimates have been 2.5%-9%). Three variables might account for these findings. First, the techniques used (PCR vs. FACS) may be responsible. Second, control populations may vary widely in their expression ofthese chains-a biphasic distribution ofV(32expression has been described [6] and expression may be HLA linked [9]. Third, it is possible that the proportions of CD4 or CD8 cells differ in control populations; expression of V(3 chains differ in these subsets [8]. A practical method to enable the comparison of different data sets would be to document characteristics of T cell populations in addition to their V(3chain expression. Such features should include the V(3distribution on CD4 and CD8 cells and measures of T cell activation, such as the expression of surface interleukin-2 receptor, CD45 isoform, or expression of a marker cytokine gene. With dual
SYNTHESIS OF HMF FROM GLUCOSE IN AQUEOUS MEDIUM USING NIOBIUM AND TITANIUM OXIDES

The effects of H3PO4 treatment on the catalytic activity of both niobium and titanium oxides were evaluated during the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from glucose in aqueous medium. Catalysts performances were related to acidic and basic properties of oxides. The presence of weak basic sites favored fructose formation via glucose isomerization. The increase in acid strength favored, initially, the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and, later, its transformation into organic acids and humins. Among the catalysts used in the experiments, phosphated TiO2 showed the best results, although all catalysts exhibited a significant deactivation along the reaction time.
Intracranial electrophysiological recordings of human orbitofrontal responses to emotional stimuli

The orbitofrontal cortex involvement in processing facial expressions as its role in affective processing has been reported in numerous electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging studies. However, the literature does not provide precise data on the temporal course of emotional facial expressions processing. Intracranial event-related potentials were recorded in epileptic patients implanted with depth electrodes during a presurgical evaluation. Patients had to perform a gender judgement task while viewing fearful, happy and neutral high-spatial-frequency (HSF), low-spatial-frequency (LSF) and broadband face stimuli. Orbitofrontal responses were observed to all emotions and to all spatial frequency contents with latencies between 100 and 200 ms post-stimulus. This study shed light on the temporal course of the facial emotions information processing and on the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex in the neural network recruited to process emotional information
Comparing the Effects of Standard Suction and Routine Methods on Vital Signs, Arterial Blood Oxygen Saturation and Pain Level of Patients Hospitalized at the Intensive Care Unit

Background: One of the highly important duties at the intensive care units (ICUs) for maintaining airway and improving ventilation and oxygenation is suctioning; however, it must be done in a way so that, in addition to the mentioned advantages, it can have the least complications for the patient. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of two standard and routine suctioning methods on vital signs, arterial blood oxygen saturation and pain level of patients hospitalized at the ICU. Materials andMethods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted during year 2012 on 80 patients under mechanical ventilation hospitalized at ICUs of Zahedan city. Patients were selected purposively and were randomly divided to two groups. In the first group, suctioning was done based on the standard method recommended by the American association for respiratory care (AARC) and in the second group; it was conducted based on routine nursing care. The data was collected by means of Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and bedside monitoring of the patients was done before and at one, five, ten and fifteen minutes after suctioning. Results: The results showed that suctioning based on the routine method leads to more pain and this pain continues for 10 minutes after suctioning and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at one and five minutes (P = 0.000, P = 0.000). The vital signs in both groups increased after suctioning and these changes were more in the second group, however, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Also, the level of arterial blood oxygen saturation increased after suctioning in both groups, but these changes were more in group 1 and there was a significant difference between the measurements at one, five, ten and fifteen minutes after suctioning and before suctioning (P = 0.00, P = 0.000, P = 0.000); yet in the second group, no significant difference was observed in none of the times (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that suctioning in the standard method brings about less pain for the patients. It results fewer changes in vital signs and also leads to increased arterial blood oxygen saturation. Thus, it should be included in the work program of the nurses through adequate training.
Natural Regeneration of Alpine Tundra Vegetation after Human Trampling: a 42-year Data Set from Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, U.S.A

ABSTRACT The vegetation composition of four contiguous permanent plots was analyzed during 37 of 42 years between 1959 and 2001 to evaluate successional processes following the cessation of human trampling in alpine tundra. The plots were established adjacent to the Rock Cut parking lot at ~3658 m elevation along Trail Ridge Road in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Due to limitations in the original study design, the lack of true replication required that the plots be treated individually when subject to indirect ordination analysis to follow trends in overall plant composition and cover. The three most abundant species in the study plots were Artemisia scopulorum, Acomastylis rossii, and Kobresia myosuroides. At the beginning of the study in 1959, total cover ranged from 20 to 55% in the four plots. By 1961, three of the four plots achieved total canopy cover values of at least 100%. Vascular plant species richness (number of taxa per plot) averaged 20 in 1959, but by 1967 had nearly doubled to 37. During the first several years, rates of seedling emergence were high among most taxa with the notable exceptions of K. myosuroides and A. rossii. However, likely due to desiccation and needle ice, seedling mortality was high. K. myosuroides spread exclusively from remnant tufts, as did three species of cushion plants which survived the trampling. The overall decline in plant cover during the last two decades of this study, particularly for K. myosuroides, indicates that long-term unassisted regeneration of severely degraded alpine tundra sites will take more than a century. While there have been periods of plant colonization and spread, climate factors such as a series of heavy snow years, and unchecked soil erosion from trails, can limit plant establishment and stop the recovery process, or push the recovery back by several decades. The negative influence of soil erosion, and quite possibly additional trampling, over a significant portion of the study plot points to the critical importance of using extreme care when establishing long-term monitoring plots, particularly in high-use areas.
Outstanding Outsourcers: A Firm- and Plant-Level Analysis of Production Sharing

This paper examines the differences in characteristics between outsourcers and nonoutsourcers with a particular focus on productivity. The measure of outsourcing comes from a question in the 1987 and 1992 Census of Manufactures regarding plant-level purchases of foreign intermediate materials. There are two key findings. First, outsourcers are “outstanding. ” That is, all else equal, outsourcers tend to have premia for plant and firm characteristics, such as being larger, more capital intensive, and more productive. One exception to this outsourcing premia is that wages tend to be the same for both outsourcers and non-outsourcers. Second, outsourcing firms, but not plants, have significantly higher productivity growth.
Conventional and atom transfer radical copolymerization of phenoxycarbonylmethyl methacrylate-styrene and thermal behavior of their copolymers

The atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of phenoxycarbonylmethyl methacrylate (PCMMA) with styrene (St) were performed in bulk at 110°C in the presence of ethyl 2-bromoacetate, cuprous(I)bromide (CuBr), and N,N,N',N",N"-pentamethyldiethyltriamine. Also, a series conventional free-radical polymerization (CFRP) of PCMMA and styrene were carried out in the presence of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile in 1,4-dioxane solvent at 60°C. The structure of homo and copolymers was characterized by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR techniques. The composition of the copolymers was cal- culated by 1H-NMR spectra. The average-molecular weight of the copolymers were investigated by Gel Permeation Chro- matography (GPC). For copolymerization system, their monomer reactivity ratios were obtained by using both Kelen-Tudos and Fineman-Ross equations. Thermal analysis measurements of homo- and copolymers prepared CFRP and ATRP methods were measured by TGA-50 and DSC-50. Blends of poly(PCMMA) and poly(St) obtained via ATRP method have been prepared by casting films from dichlorormethane solution. The blends were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. The initial decomposition temperatures of the resulting copolymers increased with increasing mole fraction of St.
Prolonged Intake of Dietary Fermented Isoflavone-Rich Soybean Reinforced with Zinc Affects Circulating Bone Biochemical Markers in Aged Individuals

Changes in circulating biochemical markers of bone metabolism in aged individuals with the intake of fermented soybean (natto), which was made from isoflavone-rich soybean, supplemented with zinc were investigated. Sixty-three volunteers (31 men and 32 women) were divided into four groups of 15 or 16 male volunteers and 16 or 16 female volunteers, and each group was sequentially given natto (40-g pack) containing two different levels of zinc once a day for 4 or 8 weeks as follows: either regular natto with naturally occuring isoflavone 35.0 mg, zinc 0.8 mg and calcium 51.4 mg or supplemented natto containing isoflavone 35.0 mg, zinc 3.6 mg, and calcium 60.0 mg. As serum bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, γ-carboxylated osteocalcin, bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and N-telopeptide of type I collagen were assayed. The intake of regular natto for 4 or 8 weeks in men or women persons caused a significant increase in γ-carboxylated osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, and a significant decrease in serum bone N-telopeptide of type I collagen, a marker of bone resorption, as compared with the value before intake. Moreover, the intake of zinc-supplemented natto for 8 weeks in men or women caused a significant increase in serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity and γ-carboxylated osteocalcin concentration and a significant decrease in serum bone TRAP activity and N-telopeptide of type I collagen, as compared with the values with the intake of regular natto. This study suggests that the intake of regular natto with isoflavone-rich soybean has a stimulatory effect on bone formation and an inhibitory effect on bone resorption in aged individuals, and that the effect is enhanced by supplementation with zinc.