Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between clinical and pathological data and surgical margins in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

The importance of having tumor-free margins when resecting oral neoplasms has been known for decades. Objective To correlate clinical and pathology data to surgical margin status in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouth. Method This historical cohort cross-sectional study included all patients submitted to squamous cell carcinoma resection for tumors of the oral tongue and floor of the mouth between 2007 and 2011 at the Head and Neck Surgery service of our institution. Results In the 117 cases included, 68.3% had tongue tumors. The male-to-female ratio was 2.3:1 and patient mean age was 57.6 years. Broad free resection margins were seen in 23.0% of the cases; narrow margins in 60.6% of the cases; and compromised margins in 16.2%. Tumor diameter and thickness were correlated to resection margins. Tumors in more advanced T-stages presented more unsatisfactory margins. Patients operated with broad free margins had their tumors resected more commonly through transoral approaches. Conclusions Tumors of larger volume both in terms of diameter and thickness were more correlated to unsatisfactory resection margins. Higher complexity procedures were not associated with better resection margins.
Carrier-independent Nuclear Import of the Transcription Factor PU.1 via RanGTP-stimulated Binding to Nup153*

PU.1 is a transcription factor of the Ets family with important functions in hematopoietic cell differentiation. Using green fluorescent protein-PU.1 fusions, we show that the Ets DNA binding domain of PU.1 is necessary and sufficient for its nuclear localization. Fluorescence and ultrastructural nuclear import assays showed that PU.1 nuclear import requires energy but not soluble carriers. PU.1 interacted directly with two nucleoporins, Nup62 and Nup153. The binding of PU.1 to Nup153, but not to Nup62, increased dramatically in the presence of RanGMPPNP, indicating the formation of a PU.1·RanGTP·Nup153 complex. The Ets domain accounted for the bulk of the interaction of PU.1 with Nup153 and RanGMPPNP. Because Nup62 is located close to the midplane of the nuclear pore complex whereas Nup153 is at its nuclear side, these findings suggest a model whereby RanGTP propels PU.1 toward the nuclear side of the nuclear pore complex by increasing its affinity for Nup153. This notion was confirmed by ultrastructural studies using gold-labeled PU.1 in permeabilized cells.
On limit cycles in event-based control systems

Event-based control is a promising alternative to time-triggered control, especially for systems with limited computation and communication capacities. In the paper, the architecture of a general structure for event-based control is presented. The resulting system has many interesting properties. For instance, a constant load disturbance will typically make the process output oscillate according to a stable limit cycle. Necessary conditions for the limit cycle are given and its local stability is analyzed. Finally, a simple way to achieve integral action is proposed.
Organ Preservation and Treatment Toxicity With Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Radiation Therapy or Chemoradiation for Advanced Laryngeal Cancer

Objectives:The authors reviewed records of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer treated with induction chemotherapy (IC) and hyperfractionated radiation therapy (RT) or chemoradiation (CRT) to determine the rates of organ preservation and function. Methods:A total of 29 patients with stage III (45%) and stage IV (55%) squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (SCCL), were treated with IC and RT or CRT in 1 of 7 consecutive trials. Fifty-five percent had clinically node-positive disease. Fifty-five percent and 45% had T3 or T4 tumors, respectively. All received 3 cycles of platinum-based IC. Daily RT was given to 48%, twice-daily RT to 45%, and concomitant boost RT to 7%. CRT was carboplatin (28%) or docetaxel (28%). Those treated with twice-daily RT did not receive CRT. Results:The median follow-up is 52 months. Overall survival is 66%. Relapse occurred in 12 patients (41%), and 6 underwent salvage laryngectomy (5 stage III, 1 stage IV). Fifty-nine percent of patients (17 of 29) are alive at last follow-up with an anatomically intact larynx, and 48% (14 of 29) are alive with a functional larynx. Of the 23 patients for whom detailed information on gastrostomy tube (g-tube) placement/removal was available, median time with g-tube was 12 months, and 15 of 23 patients (65%) had a g-tube for 6 months or more. Twenty-three of all 29 patients (79%) retained an anatomically intact larynx, but 7 of 23 (30%) never resumed their pretreatment organ function. The overall rate of functional organ preservation, regardless of survival, was 55% (16/29). The 7 of 29 patients (26%) who retained a nonfunctional larynx required permanent g-tube or were unable to return to pretreatment oral intake capability. Nine of 13 with T4 SCCL (69%) compared with 7 of 16 (44%) T3 SCCL retained a functional larynx. Conclusion:The rate of larynx preservation is high, but toxicity remains significant with IC followed by hyperfractionated RT or CRT in advanced laryngeal cancer. Half of all patients were alive, able to retain their larynx, and return to pretreatment function. Advanced stage was not an indicator of poor outcome.
High‐dimensional variable selection and prediction under competing risks with application to SEER‐Medicare linked data

Competing risk analysis considers event times due to multiple causes or of more than one event types. Commonly used regression models for such data include (1) cause‐specific hazards model, which focuses on modeling one type of event while acknowledging other event types simultaneously, and (2) subdistribution hazards model, which links the covariate effects directly to the cumulative incidence function. Their use in the presence of high‐dimensional predictors are largely unexplored. Motivated by an analysis using the linked SEER‐Medicare database for the purposes of predicting cancer versus noncancer mortality for patients with prostate cancer, we study the accuracy of prediction and variable selection of existing machine learning methods under both models using extensive simulation experiments, including different approaches to choosing penalty parameters in each method. We then apply the optimal approaches to the analysis of the SEER‐Medicare data.
The correlation between the immunostains for p53 and Ki67 with bcl-2 expression and classical prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas.

UNLABELLED The prognostic role of p53 and Ki67 in colorectal carcinomas (CRC) is very controversial in the literature. In our study, we tried to find if their immunostains are correlated with bcl-2 expression or other classical prognostic factors (sex, age, localization and size of tumor, the grade and staging of tumor). We studied 507 cases with CRC and chose 38 cases in which we realized these correlations. Fourteen cases were mucinous CRC, the other 24 cases being non-mucinous CRC (six well differentiated, 13 moderate and five poorly differentiated). For statistical analysis, we used the Statistical Program Graph Pad In Stat 3-Trial Version. We considered the significant association when p<0.05, with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS The median value was 75% for p53 expression, respectively 35% for Ki67 expression. Bcl-2 was positive in 47% of cases but not correlated with p53 or Ki67. We found a significantly statistical decrease p53 immunostain with grade of tumor (70% in well differentiated, respectively 40% in poorly differentiated CRC) and increase of Ki67 median expression (25% in well differentiated, respectively 60% in poorly differentiated CRC). Ki67 was correlated with age of patients, lymph node involvement, being more expressed in N2 (80%) than in N0 (22.5%) and with Dukes MAC staging (25% in B1, 60% in C2). P53 was correlated with age of patients and pT component, after pTNM staging (75% in pT2, 40% in pT4). P53 was not correlated with Ki67. CONCLUSION The CCR prognostic is not determined only by proliferative capacity of tumoral cells.
Effects of xenon on hemodynamic responses to skin incision in humans.

BACKGROUND The authors evaluated the hemodynamic suppressive effects of xenon in combination with sevoflurane at skin incision in patients undergoing surgery. METHODS Forty patients were assigned randomly to receive one of the following four anesthetics: 1.3 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) sevoflurane, 0.7 MAC xenon with 0.6 MAC sevoflurane, 1 MAC xenon with 0.3 MAC sevoflurane, or 0.7 MAC nitrous oxide with 0.6 MAC sevoflurane (n = 10 each group). Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured before anesthesia, before incision, and approximately 1 min after incision. RESULTS The changes in hemodynamic variables in response to incision were less with sevoflurane in combination with xenon and nitrous oxide than with sevoflurane alone. Changes in heart rate (in beats/min) were 19+/-11 (+/- SD) for sevoflurane alone, 11+/-6 for 0.7 MAC xenon-sevoflurane, 4+/-4 for 1 MAC xenon-sevoflurane, and 8+/-7 for nitrous oxide-sevoflurane. Changes in systolic blood pressure were 35+/-18 mmHg for sevoflurane alone, 18+/-8 mmHg for 0.7 MAC xenon-sevoflurane, 16+/-7 mmHg for 1 MAC xenon-sevoflurane, and 14+/-10 mmHg for nitrous oxide-sevoflurane. CONCLUSIONS Xenon and nitrous oxide in combination with sevoflurane can reduce hemodynamic responses to skin incision compared with sevoflurane alone. One probable explanation may be that xenon has analgesic properties similar to those of nitrous oxide, although the exact mechanism is yet to be determined.
Growth and cell kinetics of human hair papilla cells in vitro. An autoradiographic and flow cytometric study

Abstract. Hair papilla, a distinct specialized dermal compartment, plays a fundamental role in the biology of hair growth. Recently some attention has been focused on hair papilla cells (HPC) as possible targets for drugs influencing the hair growth. Isolation and cultivation of the HPC facilitates screening for such drugs. In the present work, growth and cell kinetics of human occipital scalp follicle HPC have been studied in vitro. HPC grow according to a Gompertz function, i.e. with considerable growth delay long before becoming confluent cultures, due probably to elongation of the potential doubling time (Tpot) and to a parallel increasing cell loss rate. The [3H]dT labelling index of the HPC strongly depends on the age of the subculture; the cycle time being about 4 days. A potential doubling time of about 93 h, indicative of growth fraction (GF) =1, and a duration of S phase and G2+ M phase of about 8 h each were found by the combined application of continuous labelling with [3H]dT and DNA flow cytometry.
ย่ิงศักด์ิ สันธนาฃร , เดโช จักราพานิชกุล , เมทินี กิตติโพวานนท์ , ศรีสกุล จิรกาญจนากร ภูมิหลัง : ผู้ป่วยกล้ามเน้ือหัวใจขาดเลือดเฉียบพลันชนิด ST ไม่ยก ( NSTEACS ) มีความหลากหลายในหลายด้านได้แก่ อาการทางคลินิก คลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจ ค่าเอนไซม์กล้ามเนื้อหัวใจ ผลการตรวจคลื่นเสียงสะท้อน หัวใจและการฉีดสี หลอดเลื

Background: Patients with non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) present with diverse clinical, electrocardiographic, cardiac biomarker, echocardiographic and angiographic characteristics. We sought to determine whether there was any difference in the indices of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function among subgroups of patients with NSTEACS. Material and Method: We studied 121 consecutive patients (mean age 68.6 + 11.3 years, 45% male) with NSTEACS who underwent comprehensive echocardiography within 48 hours of admission. Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography was performed for the evaluation of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Results: Non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA) were reported in 59% and 41% of patients, respectively. Clinical characteristics (such as age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, prior myocardial infarction and revascularization, medication) were not significantly different between patients with NSTEMI and UA. Patients with NSTEMI were more likely to have wall motion abnormalities and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (p < 0.05) as compared to those with UA. Diastolic dysfunction was significantly more frequent and more severe in patients with NSTEMI than in those with UA. Conclusion: Among patients with NSTEACS, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction was more frequent and more severe in patients with NSTEMI that in those with UA. These findings may be used to characterize the sicker group among patients with NSTEACS.
Evidence for Seasonal Patterns in the Relative Abundance of Avian Influenza Virus Subtypes in Blue-Winged Teal (Anas discors)

Abstract Seasonal dynamics of influenza A viruses (IAVs) are driven by host density and population immunity. Through an analysis of subtypic data for IAVs isolated from Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors), we present evidence for seasonal patterns in the relative abundance of viral subtypes in spring and summer/autumn.
A second‐order schedule of food reinforcement in rats to examine the role of CB1 receptors in the reinforcement‐enhancing effects of nicotine

Nicotine is believed to enhance the motivational value of reinforcers. Although endogenous cannabinoids acting on CB1 receptors have been implicated in the motivational effects of nicotine, their role in the ‘reinforcement‐enhancing’ properties of nicotine is unknown. This study compared the effect of acute and chronic non‐contingent nicotine administration on responding for an unconditioned reinforcing stimulus (UCS) and a visual conditioned stimulus (CS) and the role of CB1 receptors was examined. Male hooded Lister rats were trained on a second‐order schedule [FI 15′ (FR5: S)] under which presentation of the CS (5s/5Hz light oscillation) was intermittently reinforced by the UCS (food). The rats were treated with daily saline or nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, subcutaneous [s.c.]) throughout the study. The effect of the acute nicotine challenge (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg, s.c.) and the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) on responding for the CS and/or UCS was examined. The acute nicotine challenge increased responding for both the UCS and CS in the rats chronically treated with nicotine, an effect which was less robust in the nicotine‐naive rats. AM251 significantly reduced responding for the UCS and CS, and an interaction with the nicotine challenge was found. These data support and extend the hypothesis that nicotine can enhance the motivational value of reinforcing stimuli and suggest the increases in responding produced by nicotine involve CB1 receptors. Furthermore, this study highlights the utility of second‐order schedules of reinforcement for investigation of the neural circuits underlying the reinforcement‐enhancing effects of nicotine.
Metal ions and synaptic transmission: think zinc.

Ultrastructural studies show most of the ionic zinc detected by histochemical stains in the above-mentioned areas is localized within synaptic vesicles of glutamatergic neurons (1), and researchers have thus suspected for many years that zinc acts as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator at excitatory synapses. Staining for synaptic zinc is especially intense in hippocampal mossy fibers (2), which project from granule cells in the dentate gyrus to the CA3 region of the hippocampus, and stimulation of these fibers causes the release of zinc from synaptic boutons (3). The zinc concentration in the synaptic cleft is estimated to reach nearly 300 μM during strong stimulation (4), certainly enough to have profound effects. Despite this accumulation of data, however, determining the true function of vesicular zinc has been problematic, in part because of the lack of any specific method to inhibit synaptic zinc function and because of ignorance about interactions between zinc and glutamate transmitter. Wenzel et al. (5) have taken a step toward amending these difficulties by showing that a putative zinc transporter (ZnT-3) is specifically localized to the surfaces of glutamate-containing synaptic …
Isolation of an endogenous type C virus related to the infectious primate type C viruses from the Asian rodent Vandeleuria oleracea

A tissue culture line derived from the Asian rodent Vandeleuria oleracea has been shown to release an infectious, xenotropic type C virus. The virus-associated reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA nucleotidyltransferase) and the major internal protein p30 are immunologically related to the respective proteins of the woolly monkey-gibbon ape group of infectious primate viruses. By these criteria the V. oleracea viral isolate is similar to the murine type C-I class of endogenous retroviruses and has been designated Vand C-I. Nucleic acid homology studies show that V. oleracea cellular DNA shares similar levels of homology with DNA from members of the Mus and Rattus genera and lower levels of homology with other rodent genera. The Vand C-I viral genome is present in V. oleracea cellular DNA in multiple copies, and partially related sequences can be detected in other rodent genera. These results support the conclusion that the Vand C-I viral genome is genetically transmitted in V. oleracea and that the type C-I class of endogenous retroviral genes has been highly conserved during evolution.
Towards a prokaryotic genomic taxonomy q

One of the most interesting developments in the ﬁeld of modern-day microbiology is the ever increasing number of whole-genome sequences that is publicly available. There is an increasing interest in the use of these genome sequences to assess evolutionary relationships among microbial taxa, as it is anticipated that much additional taxonomic information can be extracted from these sequences. In a ﬁrst part of the present review, mechanisms that are responsible for the evolution of genomes will be discussed. Subsequently, we will give an overview of approaches that are presently available to assess the taxonomic relationships between prokaryotic species based on complete genome sequences, followed by a brief discussion of the potential implications of these novel approaches for bacterial taxonomy in general and our thinking about the bacterial species concept in particular. Elsevier
FATE OF ENDOSULFAN AND DELTAMETHRIN RESIDUES DURING TOMATO PASTE PRODUCTION

In this study, the effects of tomato paste processing steps on pesticides with active ingredient endosulfan and deltamethrin were investigated in Biga/Canakkale. Residue data were obtained by analyzing samples taken during harvesting, taken after washing and chopping, taken after pulping (pulp and pomace) and taken from the tomato paste with GC-ECD. In the process of making tomato paste, washing decreased endosulfan and deltamethrin, 30.62% and 47.58%, respectively. Pre-heating, pulping, evaporation and half-pasteurization increased deltamethrin 2.33% while decreasing endosulfan 66.5% after washing. The whole process decreased endosulfan and deltamethrin, 76.8% and 46.3%, respectively. The residues were mostly collected in pomace.
Biotechnological Valorization of Pectinolytics and Their Industrial Applications: A Review

In the last several years, in serious consideration of the worldwide economic and environmental issues there has been an increasing research interest in the value of naturally occurring bio-sourced materials. Agro-industrial based biomass comprised of pectin is an inexpensive, renewable, abundant natural resource that could be utilized for large-scale and cost-effective production of natural products i.e., pectinolytics. Pectinolytics are one of the most widely distributed enzymes in bacteria, fungi and plants. From ancient times to date, many methods have been introduced to improve the optimization of pectinolytics to obtain high yields of maximal purity. To expand the range of natural bio-resources the rapidly evolving tools of biotechnology can lower the conversion costs and also enhance target yield of the product of interest. This green biotechnology presents a promising approach to convert most of the agricultural materials into a value-added product with multiple applications. Major advances have already been achieved in recent years in order to obtain high levels of purity with optimal yields. The present review begins with an overview of pectinolytics and their physico-chemical features, and their specific role with classification based on pectic materials. Information is also given on the culture influences and potential sources of pectinolytics, followed by a brief summary of various industrial and biotechnological applications and future considerations.
Composition of the Essential Oil of Origanum tyttanthum from Tajikistan

Origanum tyttanthum Gontsch. was collected from two different sites in south-central Tajikistan. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. A total of 52 compounds were identified representing 99.0-100% of total oil compositions. The major components of Origanum tyttanthum Gontsch. oil were carvacrol (34.3-59.2%), thymol (10.8-46.4%), p-cymene (0.7-7.3%), β-thujone (1.9-4.1%), piperitenone oxide (0.1-3.8%), γ-terpinene (0.3-3.5%), cis-piperitone epoxide (0.8-3.3%), carvacrol acetate (0.4-2.4%), menthone (0.6-2.1%) and borneol (1.0-2.3%).
Guidelines for selecting among different types of bootstraps

ABSTRACT Background: The bootstrap has become very popular in health economics. Its success lies in the ease of estimating sampling distribution, standard error and confidence intervals with few or no assumptions about the distribution of the underlying population. Objective: The purpose of this paper is three-fold: (1) to provide an overview of four common bootstrap techniques for readers who have little or no statistical background; (2) to suggest a guideline for selecting the most applicable bootstrap technique for your data; and (3) to connect guidelines with a real world example, to illustrate how different bootstraps behave in one model, or in different models. Results: The assumptions of homoscedasticity and normality are key to selecting the best bootstrapping technique. These assumptions should be tested before applying any bootstrapping technique. If homoscedasticity and normality hold, then parametric bootstrapping is consistent and efficient. Paired and wild bootstrapping are consistent under heteroscedasticity and non-normality assumptions. Conclusion: Selecting the correct type of bootstrapping is crucial for arriving at efficient estimators. Our example illustrates that if we selected an inconsistent bootstrapping technique, results could be misleading. An insignificant effect of controller treatment on total health expenditures among asthma patients would have been found significant and negative by an improperly chosen bootstrapping technique, regardless of the type of model chosen.