Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
L1 Top-k Nearest Neighbor Searching with Uncertain Queries

In this paper, we present algorithms for the top-k nearest neighbor searching where the input points are exact and the query point is uncertain under the L1 metric in the plane. The uncertain query point is represented by a discrete probability distribution function, and the goal is to efficiently return the top-k expected nearest neighbors, which have the smallest expected distances to the query point. Given a set of n exact points in the plane, we build an O(n logn log log n)-size data structure in O(n logn log logn) time, such that for any uncertain query point with m possible locations and any integer k with 1 ≤ k ≤ n, the top-k expected nearest neighbors can be found in O(m logm + (k + m) log n) time. Even for the special case where k = 1, our result is better than the previously best method (in PODS 2012), which requires O(n log n) preprocessing time, O(n log n) space, and O(m log n) query time. In addition, for the one-dimensional version of this problem, our approach can build an O(n)-size data structure in O(n logn) time that can support O(min{k, logm} ·m+ k+ log n) time queries and the query time can be reduced to O(k+m+ logn) time if the locations of Q are given sorted. In fact, the problem is equivalent to the aggregate or group nearest neighbor searching with the weighted Sum as the aggregate distance function operator.
Expression of exportin-1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: immunohistochemistry and TCGA analyses.

Exportin-1 (XPO1) is an essential nuclear export receptor that is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple tumors. However, the role of XPO1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) requires clarification. This study aims to detect XPO1 expression in DLBCL and to explore its relationships with clinicopathologic parameters and prognoses. METHODS A total of 131 cases of DLBCL and 30 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia were selected for immunohistochemistry to examine XPO1 expression and analyze the relationships of XPO1 expression with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis. DLBCL datasets downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to analyze the mutations, expressions, and clinical values of XPO1 in DLBCL. RESULTS XPO1 expression was markedly upregulated in DLBCL compared to the reactive lymphoid hyperplasia group (χ2 = 10.734, P = 0.001). High XPO1 expression was associated with an advanced clinical stage (χ2 = 4.036, P = 0.045) and a risky International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (χ2 = 5.301, P = 0.025). Moreover, high XPO1 expression was associated with a lower overall survival rate compared with low expression (P = 0.043). XPO1 was an independent prognostic factor for DLBCL (risk ratio, RR = 3.772, P = 0.006). Furthermore, XPO1 overexpression in DLBCL was correlated with a high IPI score (P = 0.024) in TCGA datasets. CONCLUSION High XPO1 expression in DLBCL was related to an advanced clinical stage, poor IPI score, and poor prognosis. Thus, XPO1 may be useful for condition identification and prognostic assessment.
Performance of Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Detection of Tuberculosis in Granulomatous Lymphadenitis Using Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue

Although culture is the gold standard method to identify mycobacteria, its use in tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is limited due to formalin fixation of the submitted specimens. We evaluated the performance of quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) in granulomatous lymphadenitis using formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (FFPE) tissues. From 2000 to 2010, a total number of 117 cases of lymph node samples with granulomatous inflammation which were surgically removed and fixed in formalin were studied. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Ziehl-Neelsen-stained (ZN) slides were reviewed. qPCR using Real TB-Taq ® was performed for all cases to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Thirteen non-tuberculous lymphadenopathy cases were used as negative control. Cervical lymph nodes were more frequently affected (60%, 70/117) than other sites. ZN stain for acid fast bacilli was positive in 19 (16.24%) cases. qPCR for tuberculosis was positive in 92 (78.63%) cases. Caseous necrosis was found in 103 (88.03%) cases. While the ZN stain and qPCR were both negative in all control cases, the qPCR showed a significantly higher positive rate (78.63% vs. 16.24%) compared to ZN stain in histologically diagnosed TBL. Quantitative real-time PCR proves to be more sensitive than ZN stain for diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis.
Looking forward via the Past: An Investigation of the Evolution of the Knowledge Base of Robotics Firms

The case studies described in this paper investigate the evolution of the knowledge bases of the two leading EU robotics firms - KUKA and COMAU. The analysis adopts an evolutionary perspective and a systems approach to examine a set of derived patent-based measures to explore firm behavior in technological knowledge search and accumulation. The investigation is supplemented by analyses of the firms' historical archives, firm strategies and prevailing economic context at selected periods. Our findings suggest that while these enterprises maintain an outwardlooking innovation propensity and a diversified knowledge base they tend to have a higher preference for continuity and stability of their existing technical knowledge sets. The two companies studied exhibit partially different responses to the common and on-going broader change in the robotics industry (i.e. the emergence of artificial intelligence and ICT for application to robotics); KUKA is shown to be more outward-looking than COMAU. Internal restructuring, economic shocks and firm specificities are found to be stronger catalysts of change than external technology-based stimuli.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Anno 2019: Dawn of the Therapeutic Era? Concise Review

2018 was the year of the first marketing authorization of an allogeneic stem cell therapy by the European Medicines Agency. The authorization concerns the use of allogeneic adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for treatment of complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease. This is a breakthrough in the field of MSC therapy. The last few years have, furthermore, seen some breakthroughs in the investigations into the mechanisms of action of MSC therapy. Although the therapeutic effects of MSCs have largely been attributed to their secretion of immunomodulatory and regenerative factors, it has now become clear that some of the effects are mediated through host phagocytic cells that clear administered MSCs and in the process adapt an immunoregulatory and regeneration supporting function. The increased interest in therapeutic use of MSCs and the ongoing elucidation of the mechanisms of action of MSCs are promising indicators that 2019 may be the dawn of the therapeutic era of MSCs and that there will be revived interest in research to more efficient, practical, and sustainable MSC‐based therapies. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1126–1134
Generating Adversarial Examples in One Shot With Image-to-Image Translation GAN

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) provide state-of-the-art results for most machine learning and computer vision tasks. However, they have been found susceptible to adversarial examples. In the recent literature, many ways of generating adversarial examples have been discovered. In this work, we propose a novel method to generate adversarial examples with generative adversarial networks (GANs). Compared to traditional optimisation-based methods, our method provides a fast yet powerful alternative for adversary generation. Unlike other GAN-based approaches in the literature which learn to generate an intermediate perturbation vector, our method generates adversarial examples from benign input images in a straightforward manner. By directly generating adversarial examples from given input images, our method produces perturbations that better align with the underlying edge and shape contained in the inputs, hence more natural-looking and imperceptible to human eyes. We evaluate our method on the MNIST and the CIFAR-10 dataset and demonstrate that it outperforms the state-of-the-art GAN-based attack AdvGAN with similar attack capability in terms of distortion. We show that our method produces competitive results to notable optimisation-based attacks in the literature including the strongest Carlini & Wagner (CW) attack.
Car Following Behavior under Foggy Conditions with Different Road Alignments — A Driving Simulator Based Study

The aim of this study was to investigate the change of driver’s car following behavior under foggy conditions with different road alignments. Based on the 8degree-of-freedom high-fidelity driving simulator of Tongji University, this study constructed four experimental scenarios, which were clear weather, 100m-visibility, 60m-visibility, and 40m-visibility. In each experimental scenario, four road alignments (straight line segment(SL), curve segment(CS), sloped straight line segment(SS) and sloped curve segment(SC)) were carried to make a contrast. Twenty-eight participants took part in driving simulation experiments. The variables including headway distance, headway time and lane deviation were collected to characterize longitudinal and lateral car-following stability. The results showed that the headway distance and headway time corresponding to the four road alignments had a downward trend with the decrease of visibility, especially on the SC. Under the same visibility conditions, there was a significant difference in minimum headway distance and minimum headway time among the four different road alignments. Besides, the minimum headway distance and minimum headway time on the SS and SC were obviously higher than that on the SL and CS. Furthermore, except for the visibility of 40m, there was a significant difference in the maximum lane deviation corresponding to the four road alignments under other three visibility levels, and the maximum lane deviation on the SC were higher than that on the other three road alignments.
Awareness of women about cervical smear, human papilloma virus and human papilloma virus vaccine

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the awareness level of women about cervical smears, human papilloma virus (HPV), and HPV vaccine in a rural city in the central part of Anatolia. Materials and Methods: A total of 553 patients were included in the study. A 16 item questionnaire developed by our group was completed by all participants. The first part of the questionnaire collected the demographic and socioeconomic information of the participants. In the second part, it was questioned whether this information had a relationship with HPV, HPV vaccine awareness, and cervical screening tests. In the third part, the participants were asked questions related to the acceptance of an HPV vaccine for themselves and their willingness to give consent to have their children vaccinated. Results: In our study, it was found that HPV awareness significantly increased with the level of education, occupational status and total monthly family income (p<0.001). There was a significant increase in HPV vaccine awareness as the parity (p=0.016), level of education (p=0.025), and occupational status (p=0.001) increased. Having a Pap smear significantly increased with age, income, and number of parity (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our study revealed that only 9.8% of the women had knowledge about HPV, the majority of the women reported that they would accept vaccination for themselves and for their children. These results indicate that physicians should pay attention to increasing the awareness about HPV.
Guided Percutaneous Drainage for Intra-abdominal Collections: The First Choice in Modern Surgical Practice

Background Over the past 20 years, percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal collections has evolved from revolutionary to routine, replacing open surgical abscess drainage in all but the most difficult or inaccessible cases. Objective To evaluate the practical safety and efficacy of image-guided perctaneous drainage for different intraabdominal collection. Method Patients with intra-abdominal collections underwent percutaneous drainage under ultrasound guide were studied prospectively in Al-Imamian Al-Kadhymian Medical City over the period of 20 month from February 2011 to September 2012. The procedure done under local anesthesia and aseptic technique under ultrasound or CT scan guidance. Results There were 50 patients (32 females and 18 males), Age ranging 12-58 years. Forty seven patients had a previous operative procedure and three patients had no such history. The post-operative collections in majority of patients 34 (72%) were single while in 13 patients (28%) were multiple. The type of content was as following: pus in 32 patients (64%), bile in 13 patients (26%), infected pancreatic/gastric secretions in 3 patients (6%) and infected urine in 2 patients (4%). , Percutaneous drainage was successful in 42 cases (84%), while 8 cases (16%) needed further surgical intervention to cure the collection. No major complications were recorded only minor complications like minor bleeding and wound infections. Mortality was in one case and it is not directly related to percutaneous drainage procedure rather to underlying problem and sepsis after second exploration. Conclusion Guided percutaneous drainage is a safe and effective procedure for treating an intra-abdominal collections and it can be the first line treatment in severely ill patients.
Rape Myth Acceptance among Nurses Undergoing Baccal aureate Nursing Degree Programme in a Nigerian University

Background: Rape myths acceptance is prevalent among the genera l public most especially among practitioners such as the nurses and this influence their percept ions of rape. Objectives: The study was aimed at assessing how nurses’ Rape M yth Acceptance (RMA) and gender influence their attribution of responsibility to victims and perpetrators in different rape scenarios and their p rceptions of degree of rape trauma. Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted among 130 nurses undergoing Baccalaureate degree programme in a University in N igeria. An adapted and pre-tested structured questi onnaire containing RMA Scales with four rape vignettes was used to collect data. Results: The study revealed that, 49% of the nurses had low RMA while 51% had high RMA. It was also found that, irrespective of their rape myth acceptance, majorit y f them attributed more responsibility to victims and had similar perceptions of degree of rape trauma. A statistical ly significant association was found between nurses ’ RMA and attribution of responsibility to perpetrator in acq uaintance rape only [p = 0.004; Cramer’s V = 0.27]. A higher percentage of the nurses irrespective of their RMA also reported that rape is not traumatic to a prost itute. No statistically significant association was found bet ween the nurses’ gender and their attribution of re sponsibility and perceptions of degree of rape trauma (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that rape myths acceptance is high among nurses in the study setting and those with high and low rape myths acceptance did not dif fer significantly in their attributions of responsi bil ties and perceptions of trauma experienced by the victims of rape.
Diethanolamine-Induced Hepatic Injury and Its Amelioration by Curcumin

Aim: Present investigation was an attempt to evaluate diethanolamine (DEA) induced-hepatic injury and its amelioration by curcumin. Background: Diethanolamine is an organic compound which is not reported to occur naturally. It is used in ample number of cosmetic as well a personal care products such as shampoos, hand washes and conditioners. It is also used in pharmaceutical industries as outer covering of capsulated drugs and as pH stabilizer and also in buffer solutions. It produces cumulative toxicity. Materials and Methods: Swiss strain male albino mice were orally administered with three different doses of DEA (110, 165, 330 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. Curcumin was orally administered in three doses (10, 20, 30 mg/kg body weight) along with the high dose of DEA for 30 days on completion of treatment, animals were sacrificed and blood was collected by cardiac puncture, serum was separated to assess liver marker enzymes such as AST, ALT, ACP and ALP. Results: Results revealed that DEA causes significant (P<0.05) alterations in liver marker enzymes in serum as compared to untreated control groups indicating leaking of enzymes into serum due to hepatic injury. Curcumin-treated groups caused significant amelioration as compared to DEA-treated groups. Curcumin-treated groups showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum AST, ALT and ACP, ALP levels. Results also revealed that curcumin protects from liver injury by inhibiting cellular damage and leaking of enzymes in serum. Conclusion: Diethanolamine causes cell damage and injury to liver tissues and the toxicity generated by diethanolamine can be ameliorated by curcumin.
A pr 2 01 7 BIG DATA ANALYSIS USING SHRINKAGE

In this paper, we apply shrinkage strategies to estimate regression coefficients efficiently for the high-dimensional multiple regression model, where the number of samples is smaller than the number of predictors. We assume in the sparse linear model some of the predictors have very weak influence on the response of interest. We propose to shrink estimators more than usual. Specifically, we use integrated estimation strategies in sub and full models and shrink the integrated estimators by incorporating a bounded measurable function of some weights. The exhibited double shrunken estimators improve the prediction performance of sub models significantly selected from existing Lasso-type variable selection methods. Monte Carlo simulation studies as well as real examples of eye data and Riboavin data confirm the superior performance of the estimators in the high-dimensional regression model.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE WITH EXPANSIVE ADDITIVE AND SHRINKAGE REDUCING ADMIXTURE UNDER SIMULATED COMPLETELY-RESTRAINED CONDITION AT EARLY AGE

This paper shows a study of the efficiency of expansive additive and shrinkage reducing admixture in controlling restrained shrinkage cracking of high-performance concrete at early age. Free autogenous shrinkage test of 100x100x400mm concrete specimens and simulated completely-restrained test with VRTM (Variable Restraint Testing Machine) were performed. Creep and autogenous shrinkage of high-performance concrete with and without expansive additive and shrinkage reducing admixture were investigated by experiments that provided data on free autogenous shrinkage and restrained shrinkage. The results showed that the addition of expansive additive and shrinkage reducing admixture effectively reduced autogenous shrinkage and tensile stress in the restrained conditions. Also, it was found that the shrinkage stress was relaxed by 90% in highperformance concrete with expansive additive and shrinkage reducing admixture at early age.
Comparison of the Duration of Maintained Calf Muscle Flexibility After Static Stretching, Eccentric Training on Stable Surface, and Eccentric Training on Unstable Surfaces in Young Adults With Calf Muscle Tightness

The objective of this study was to determine the duration of maintained calf muscle flexibility gained in young adults with calf muscle tightness, as measured by increases in ankle active and passive dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) after three stretching interventions. Twenty subjects (5 men and 15 women) with calf muscle tightness received the following three stretching interventions in one leg (assigned at random): static stretching (SS), eccentric training on stable surface (ETS), and eccentric training on unstable surfaces (ETU). The subjects received all three interventions to the same leg, applied in a random order. Each intervention had a break of at least 24 h in-between, in order to minimize any carryover effect. Each intervention used two types of stretching: with the calf muscle stretched and both knees straight, and with the knee slightly bent in order to maximize the activation of the soleus muscle. All three interventions were performed for 200 seconds. We measured the duration of maintained calf muscle flexibility through active and passive ankle DFROM before intervention, immediately after intervention (time 0), and then 3, 6, 9, 15, and 30 min after intervention. We found a difference in the duration of maintained calf muscle flexibility between the three interventions. In the ETS and ETU interventions, a significant improvement in calf muscle flexibility, both ankle active and passive dorsiflexion ranges of motion (ADFROM and PDFROM), was maintained for 30 min. In the SS intervention, however, ADFROM before 9 min and PDFROM before 6 min were statistically different from the baseline. Our results suggest that ETS and ETU may be more effective than SS for maintaining calf muscle flexibility in young adults.
The U.S. Copyright Termination Law, Asymmetric Information, and Legal Uncertainty

The U.S. copyright termination law inalienably allows authors to terminate copyright licenses to their creations 35 years after initial transfer, and to take back the rights granted. However, there currently exists one restriction in the law that provokes conflicts between authors and publishers: creations that are work made for hire are excluded from the termination clause. A related problem is that the policy and wording of the law are ambiguous. Authors systematically insist on recovering the copyrights of their creations, whereas publishers claim continuation of license usage based on the work made for hire inclusion in contracts. This fact and the strong dependence of authors on publishers' investments and expertise may undermine termination incentives and make the termination law inapplicable. Using a Bayesian updating model, we predict the equilibrium behavior in an interaction between authors and publishers. The paper demonstrates that the problem of information asymmetry may prevent copyright terminations if authors fear a non-cooperative behavior of their publishers. High motivational factors and convincing outside options may foster termination incentives of authors. The results additionally show that courts' decisions have a substantial impact on the interaction between the players and can guide their incentives to terminate and to act cooperatively. High court costs however deter authors from terminating copyright licenses and cause non-cooperative behavior of publishers.
Suicide in India, 1995-1999

The epidemiology of suicide in India from 1995-1999 was presented. The data show an increasing incidence of suicide; over 100,000 people commit suicide each year in India. The ratio of male|female is small by international comparisons. Illness and interpersonal|familial factors appear to be common motives, although suicide is more complex in India. Further, it is concluded that India's data may well be problematic, being overly based on police records and that a much greater micro study to identify the multideterminant factors of suicide in India is needed.