Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Latent Classes of Symptoms related to Clinically Depressed Mood in Adolescents

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD), according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, is based only on adult symptomatology of depression and not adapted for age and gender. This may contribute to the low diagnostic specificity and validity of adolescent MDD. In this study, we investigated whether latent classes based on symptoms associated with depressed mood could be identified in a sample of adolescents seeking psychiatric care, regardless of traditionally defined diagnostic categories. Methods: Self-reports of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Development and Well-Being Assessment were collected consecutively from all new patients between the ages of 13 and 17 years at two psychiatric outpatient clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. Those who reported depressed mood at intake yielded a sample of 21 boys and 156 girls. Latent class analyses were performed for all screening items and for the depression-specific items of the Development and Well-Being Assessment. Results: The symptoms that were reported in association with depressed mood differentiated the adolescents into two classes. One class had moderate emotional severity scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and mainly symptoms that were congruent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for MDD. The other class had higher emotional severity scores and similar symptoms to those reported in the first class. However, in addition, this group demonstrated more diverse symptomatology, including vegetative symptoms, suicidal ideation, anxiety, conduct problems, body dysmorphic symptoms, and deliberate vomiting. The classes predicted functional impairment in that the members of the second class showed more functional impairment. Limitations: The relatively small sample size limited the generalizability of the results of this study, and the amount of items included in the analysis was restricted by the rules of latent class analysis. No conclusions about gender differences between the classes could be could be drawn as a result of the low number of boys included in the study. Conclusions: Two distinct classes were identified among adolescents with depressed mood. The class with highest emotional symptom severity score and the most functional impairment had a more diverse symptomatology that included symptoms that were not congruent with the traditional diagnostic criteria of MDD. However, this additional symptomatology is clinically important to consider. As a result, the clinical usefulness of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders during the diagnostic process of adolescent depression is questioned.
Information technology transfer: Problems facing African developing nations

The development of informatics has given an important stimulus to almost all the human activity sectors in this last quarter of the century, namely in fields like engineering, research, organization management, etc. This is indubitable for the most developed countries. However this is not yet true for the developing countries, and especially for the African countries, although many cases of information technology transfers have been tried since the first days of computing. From experiences acquired through working with teams associated with information system transfer and management in Cote d'Ivoire d'Ivoire, this research aims to summarize the problems that restrain the mastery and the development of the information technology in the Third World, especially in African countries. The secondary effects of the transferred information technology on the society are also analyzed.
Production et caractérisation de farine de patate douce (Ipomoeabatatas.Lam) : optimisation de la technologie de panification

La patate douce est un tubercule appartenant a l'ordre des polemoniales et a la famille des convolvulacees. Il contient de l’amidon, qui est l’element principal, des dextrines, du s-carotene, puis d’autres elements nutritifs en quantites variables. L’objectif de la these a ete de valoriser la patate douce sous forme de farines et de mettre en evidence les potentialites technologiques de ces farines. Deux etudes complementaires ont ete realisees au cours de ce travail de these, la premiere concerne l’etude de l’impact des pretraitements thermiques et chimiques sur les proprietes physicochimiques, thermiques, rheologiques et fonctionnelles des farines issues de patates douces ayant : TPD (tranche de patate douce non pretraitee), TPDCaCl2 (tranche de patate douce pretraitee au CaCl2) et enfin TPDB (tranche de patate douce pretraitee par blanchiment). Il en resulte une legere augmentation de la teneur en sucres reducteurs dans les farines TPDCaCl2 par rapport aux farines TPDB et TPD. Cependant, la valeur de L* (luminance) dans la farine TPDB etait inferieure a celles des farines TPDCaCl2 et TPD. La teneur en calcium etait relativement elevee dans la farine TPDCaCl2 (120,6 mg/100g) par rapport aux farines TPD et TPDB (respectivement, 77,8 et 67,6 mg/100g). Les valeurs d’enthalpie de gelatinisation et de module elastique (G’) etaient superieures dans la farine TPDCaCl2. La capacite de gonflement etait elevee dans les farines blanchies. Il a egalement ete constate une legere augmentation de la constante d'energie de liaison d'eau du modele BET dans les farines traitees au CaCl2 et une augmentation marquee pour les farines blanchies. De cette etude, on deduit que les farines traitees au CaCl2 possedent les proprietes physicochimiques les plus interessantes pour une application en panification et dans la formulation alimentaire. Dans une seconde etude, les essais de panification ont ete realises avec differents taux d’incorporation a la farine de ble (0, 10, 15, 20, 25 et 30 %) des farines de patate douce traitees au CaCl2 afin de determiner le taux d’incorporation optimal permettant de realiser un compromis entre l’amelioration des proprietes nutritionnelles et la diminution des proprietes rheologiques de la pâte a pain, suite a l’incorporation de farine de patate douce. Les parametres texturaux des pâtes ont ete determines. Il en resulte une diminution de la cohesion, la valeur de a* (echelle de couleurs rouge-vert) a augmente avec l’augmentation du taux de substitution, contrairement aux valeurs de la luminance L* qui ont diminue. Finalement, la farine de patate douce pouvait etre incorporee dans une formulation de panification jusqu’a 25 % sans depreciation notable des qualites organosensorielles des pains
Possible Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Signaling Pigment Dispersion in Teleostean Melanophores

Abstract The possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating the motile activities of teleostean melanophores was studied in the dark chub Zacco temmincki (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) and in the translucent glass catfish Kryptopterus bicirrhis (Siluridae, Siluriformes). NO donors, including (±)-(E)-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexaneamide (NOR 1), molsidomine (MSD), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), had no pigment-aggregating action on melanophores, but actively dispersed melanosomes in those cells. Among those reagents, NOR 1, a spontaneous releaser of NO, was the most effective. Inhibitors for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), i.e. Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NNA), Nω-nitro-l-arginine (l-NAME) and Nω-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA), showed melanosome-aggregating effects. A membrane-permeable analogue of cyclic guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (8-Br-cGMP) was effective in dispersing melanosomes. The sum of these results suggests that NO plays an active role in the elaborate control of color changes in teleosts by dispersing pigment in melanophores via activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase to increase cytosolic levels of cGMP.
Vestibular involvement in acoustic trauma (An electronystagmographic study)

FOLLOWING a clinical impression that vestibular complaints accompany acoustic trauma and are aggravated during noise exposure, an electronystagmographic study of 326 patients suffering from acoustic trauma was carried out. The patients were divided into groups according to the severity of their acoustic trauma, and also according to the presence or absence of vestigular complaints. ENG recordings were performed with and without noise exposure. A certain amount of vestibular involvement in acoustic trauma directly related to the severity of the acoustic trauma was demonstrated. The threshold for vestibular irritation by noise also seems to be lowered in acoustic trauma. These findings may have clinical as well as medico-legal implications. From the examination and follow-up of large numbers of acoustic trauma we that many of them associated acoustic Some patients vertigo only
Searching for images: The analysis of users' queries for image retrieval in American history

Users' queries for visual information in American history were studied to identify the image attributes important for retrieval and the characteristics of users' queries for images. The queries were collected from 38 faculty and graduate students of American history in 1999 in a local setting. Pre- and post-test questionnaires and interview were employed to gather users' requests and search terms. The Library of Congress American Memory photo archive was used to search for images. Thirty-eight natural language statements, 185 search terms provided by the participants, and 219 descriptors indicated by the participants in relevant retrieved records were analyzed to find the distribution of subject content of users' queries. Over half of the search requests fell into the category "general/nameable needs. " It was also found that most image content was described in terms of kind of person, thing, event, or condition depending on location or time. Title, date, and subject descriptors were mentioned as appropriate representation of image subject content. The result of this study suggests the principle categories of search terms for users in American history, suggesting directions for the development of indexing tools and system design for image retrieval systems.
An Inference Method for Disease Name Normalization

PubMed ® and other literature databases contain a wealth of information on diseases and their diagnosis/treatment in the form of scientific publications. In order to take advantage of such rich information, several text-mining tools have been developed for automatically detecting mentions of disease names in the PubMed abstracts. The next important step is the normalization of the various disease names to standardized vocabulary entries and medical dictionaries. To this end, we present an automatic approach for mapping disease names in PubMed abstracts to their corresponding concepts in Medical Subject Headings (MeSH ® ) or Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM ® ). For developing our algo-rithm, we merged disease concept annotations from two existing corpora. In addition, we hand annotated a separate test set of decease concepts for our method evaluation. Different from others, we reformulate the disease name normalization task as an information retrieval task where input queries are disease names and search results are disease concepts. As such, our inference method builds on existing Lucene search and further improves it by taking into account the string similarity of query terms to the disease concept name and its recognized synonyms. Evaluation results show that our method compares favorably to other state-of-the-art approaches. In conclusion, we find that our approach is a simple and effective way for linking disease names to controlled vocabularies and that the merged disease corpus provides added value for the development of text mining tools for named entity recognition from biomedical text. Data is available at http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih. gov/CBBresearch/Fell-ows/Dogan/disease.html
Free-flight force measurement technique in a shock tunnel

A novel force measurement technique has been developed at the impulsive facility HIEST, in which the test model is completely non-restrained for the duration of the test, so it experiences completely free-flight conditions for a period on the order of milliseconds. This technique was demonstrated with a three-component aerodynamic force measurement with a blunted cone of total length 318 mm and a total mass of 22 kg in hypervelocity test flow. A miniature modelonboard data-logger, which was a key technology for this technique, was also developed in order to store the measured data. The data-logger was designed to be small enough to be instrumented in test models, with an overall size of 100 mm x 100 mm x 70 mm, including batteries. Since the logger was designed to measure force and pressure, it includes six piezoelectric amplifiers and four piezoresistive amplifiers, as well as high-speed analogue-digital converters, which digitize the measured data with 16-bit resolution. The logger’s sampling rate and sample size are 500 kHz and 400 ms, respectively. For the autonomous operation, the logger waits for a trigger signal (accelerometer output) and then starts to take measurements with arbitrary adjustable trigger threshold level and pre-trigger delay time. Measured data is stored to static memory for transfer to a PC via a USB interface after a wind tunnel test. To demonstrate the entire measurement system, wind tunnel experiments were conducted in HIEST. In the present wind tunnel test campaign, records of pressure, axial force, nominal force and pitching moment were obtained under conditions of H0 = 4 MJ/kg, P0 = 14 MPa. This demonstrated that the system worked correctly in the short test duration and harsh conditions typical of HIEST. Use of this data-logger allows the elimination of a large-diameter sting, ending concerns about the sting’s interference with the base flow of the model, which could cause serious errors in measurement in wind tunnel tests.
Depression Screening Scale Validation in an Elderly, Community-Dwelling Population

This study contrasted the relative effectiveness of an interviewer-rated instrument, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and 2 self-report scales, the short form of the Beck Depression Inventory and the depression scale from the Brief Symptom Inventory, in identifying cases of depression. Cases of major depression, dysthymia, and depressive disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) were identified by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) in a sample of 177 elderly community-dwellers. Receiver operating curves were used to evaluate the relative abilities of the 3 screening instruments to identify cases of depression. All 3 instruments identified major depression and depressive disorder NOS. None was consistently sensitive to cases ofdysthymia. The incremental utility of the interview-based instrument for screening was nonsignificant, suggesting that the increased expense in a community setting may not be justified. Depression screening instruments have been designed to identify potential cases of depression quickly, inexpensively, and with a minimum of psychometric time or training. Paperand-pencil inventories meet these criteria extremely well (Yeasavage et al., 1983). Interviewer-rated depression rating scales, although more expensive and time-consuming, allow for normatively based symptom-severity comparisons on the part of a trained clinician (Hamilton, 1967). In the present study, we evaluated the incremental utility of an interview-based screening scale in addition to pencil-and-paper scales for an elderly, community-dwelling population. Depression scales, whether self-report or interviewer-rated, provide continuous measures of symptomatology. In practice, however, whether in the clinic or in the research lab, they are used to identify potential cases of depression. The transformation of a continuous measure to a discrete measure is generally quite simple: a cutoff score is created. The ability of the cutoff score to predict the presence or absence of a case must then be determined. A number of techniques have been used in the evaluation of psychological screening instruments' validity, with clinical diagnosis as a criterion. Measures of sensitivity (or ability to detect cases of depression) and specificity (or ability to correctly
Toxicity of bryostatin-1 on the embryo-fetal development of Sprague-Dawley rats.

BACKGROUND Bryostatin-1, a highly oxygenated marine macrolide with a unique polyacetate backbone isolated from the marine animal Bugula neritina (Linnaeus), is now being developed as an anti-cancer drug for treating malignancy. In the present study, developmental toxicity of bryostatin-1 was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS Bryostatin-1 was intravenously administered to rats on gestation days 6-15 at 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 microg/kg on a daily basis. Then the reproductive parameters were determined in animals, and fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal malformations. RESULTS The total weight gains were significantly different in animals between the control group and 8.0 and 16.0 microg/kg bryostatin-1 groups during and after treatment. The resorption and death fetus rates were significantly different between the bryostatin-1 group (16 microg/kg) and the control group. The fetal weight and fetal crown-rump length in the bryostatin-1 groups were significantly lower than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that maternal toxicity occurred when the dose of bryostatin-1 was at 8.0 microg/kg, embryotoxicity at 16.0 microg/kg, and fetotoxicity at 4.0 microg/kg; but bryostatin-1 showed no teratogenic effect in rats. In light of our findings, bryostatin-1 should be used with caution in pregnant women with cancer, if they would like to continue the pregnancy.
Treatment of chronic wounds with bone marrow-derived cells.

BACKGROUND Recent evidence indicates that bone marrow contains stem cells with the potential for differentiation into a variety of tissues, including endothelium, liver, muscle, bone, and skin. It may thus be plausible that bone marrow-derived cells can provide progenitor and/or stem cells to wounds during healing. Our objective in this study was to establish proof of principle that bone marrow-derived cells applied to chronic wounds can lead to closure of nonhealing wounds. We applied autologous bone marrow cells to chronic wounds in 3 patients with wounds of more than 1-year duration. These patients had not previously responded to standard and advanced therapies, including bioengineered skin application and grafting with autologous skin. OBSERVATIONS Complete closure and evidence of dermal rebuilding was observed in all patients. Findings suggesting engraftment of applied cells was observed in biopsy specimens of treated wounds. Clinical and histologic evidence of reduced scarring was also observed. CONCLUSION Directly applied bone marrow-derived cells can lead to dermal rebuilding and closure of nonhealing chronic wounds.
A new method for classification and presentation of voltage reduction events

This paper describes a new method for classification and presentation of voltage sag and short interruption performance information for individual sites and entire systems. The method expands on traditional methods by including information about the individual phase voltages during the disturbance, rather than just a single magnitude and duration. This improved method provides better information for correlation with equipment impacts associated with the voltage sags and short interruptions. The method is validated with sag and interruption data measured/recorded in actual power systems and with results of simulations on an example system.
Exploring the Spatial-Temporal Interaction of Mountain pine beetle Infestations

Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) dispersal processes drive the spatial and temporal development of outbreaks. Understanding these processes is important for modelling future infestations and guiding forest management decisions. In this study, the spatial patterns of redand green-attacked trees were used to characterize the spatial-temporal nature of dispersal. Research aims were to detect evidence of dispersal based on the distance and direction between redand green-attacked tree clusters, determine how dispersal patterns change at different stages of infestation, and to detect landscape variables influencing the observed dispersal patterns. Variables explored included Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification (BEC), topography and the local population of susceptible hosts. Dispersal distances of 30 m and 50 m were consistently observed among different data subsets. Findings suggest that short range dispersal often occurs despite an available population of susceptible hosts, and as the infestation grows in intensity, the abundance of dispersing beetles may cause spot infestations to coalesce.
Design and Validation of a Web-Based System for Assigning Members to Teams Using Instructor-Specified Criteria

A significant body of research identifies a large number of team composition characteristics that affect the success of individuals and teams in cooperative learning and project-based team environments. Controlling these factors when assigning students to teams should result in improved learning experiences. However, it is very difficult for instructors to consider more than a few criteria when assigning teams, particularly in large classes. As a result, most instructors allow students to self-select teams, randomly assign teams, or, at best, balance teams on a very limited number of criteria. This paper describes the design of Team-Maker, a web-based software tool that surveys students about criteria that instructors want to use when creating teams and uses a max-min heuristic to determine team assignments based on distribution criteria specified by the instructor. The Team-Maker system was validated by comparing the team assignments generated by the Team-Maker software to assignments made by experienced faculty members using the same criteria. This validation experiment showed that Team-Maker consistently met the specified criteria more closely than the faculty members. We suggest that Team-Maker can be used in combination with the Comprehensive Assessment of Team-Member Effectiveness (CATME) peer evaluation instrument to form a powerful faculty support system for team-based and cooperative learning and for a variety of research purposes. Internet access to both the Team-Maker and CATME systems is freely available to college faculty in all disciplines by selecting the “request faculty account” button at https://www.catme. org.