Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Comparison between athlete women and non athlete women regarding to mental health and happiness

Purpose of this study was to compare general health and happiness in women who corporate in exercise activities with who no corporate. Research method was quasi with control group. In so doing, 720 subjects who were first time corporate in exercise randomly selected. Measurement devises were Goldberg's general health questionnaire and Oxford's happiness questionnaire. Data analyzed by T test. Results showed that exercises practice lead decrease to anxiety, depression and could improve bodily signs. Also, positive emotion and satisfy of life in corporate people were higher than no corporate.
Technical Analysis of a Ptolemaic Child Sarcophagus and the Identification of Ancient and Modern Reuse

The goals of this project are the technical analysis of a Ptolemaic child coffin lid, development of a conservation strategy, and realization of priority stabilization interventions. Early in the process of evaluation and analysis irregularities in the appearance and structure of the coffin suggested re-use of components. This thesis proposes that there are incidences of ancient and modern reuse of structural elements in this coffin lid, and substantiates this assertion through the results of a technical analysis. Non-destructive and destructive methods of analysis were used including UV induced visible fluorescence, Infrared and Visible-induced luminescence (VIL) imaging. Particle samples were investigated microscopically, and using XRF or X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy, XRD or X-ray Diffraction, FTIR or Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and GC-MS or Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry technologies were used for elemental and molecular analysis. Egyptology scholars, conservators, and materials scientists were consulted. The text establishes the historical context, and the use and meaning of the artifact. The object is described, the pigment analysis is presented, and prior interventions to the object are elaborated. The collective results of the technical analysis, observation and consultation are interpreted to substantiate the assertion of modern and ancient reuse. Technical analysis supports the observation that face of the deceased is inconsistent with the Ptolemaic period and that is was created in an early dynastic period and reused on this coffin in antiquity. The components of the foot-block are identified as ancient but not associated with this coffin, and 20th century adhesives and hardware are evidence that it is a modern addition. Social and economic demands in antiquity, and also in the post-excavation period of the late 19th and 20th centuries, have motivated alterations to objects of cultural and economic importance. This thesis provides substantial evidence of ancient and modern reuse and contributes information about ancient materials and methods of manufacture and distinctions between modern and ancient materials.
Stream Macroalgae of the Fiji Islands: A Preliminary Study

Twenty-seven stream segments sampled in August 1994 on the three largest Fiji Islands ranged considerably in channel size (maximum width 1-20 m, maximum depth 20->100 cm) and mean current velocity (1-118 cm sec l ). Water temperatures tended to be warm (23-30°C), pH was neutral to slightly alkaline (7.2-8.6), and specific conductance was quite variable (40-510 J1.S cm- I ). Mean number of species per stream segment was 2.6 and ranged from one to five. In the 71 populations of stream macroa1gae sampled, only 15 species were identified: seven Cyanophyta, six Chlorophyta, and two Rhodo­ phyta. All of these species represent new records for the freshwater algal flora of Fiji. Macroalgal cover ranged from 76% (mean ca. 36%) of the stream bottom and was positively correlated to maximum depth and mean current velocity. The most widespread species that occurred on all three islands were the cyanophytes Phormidium retzii (C.Ag.) Gom. and P. subfuscum Klitz. and the chlorophyte Spirogyra sp. 2 (17, 9, and 19 segments, respectively). Mor­ phological forms included nine mats, three free filaments, and one each of gelatinous colonies, crusts, and tufts. Eleven of the 15 species were in the vegetative state. There were nine species of stream macroalgae on Vitu Levu and eight each on Vanua Levu and Taveuni. The S",renson's similarity index was highest for the last two islands and lowest for the first two islands.
Multi-scale model inter-comparisons of CO 2 and H 2 O fluxes over forested ecosystems

Predictions from four process-based stand-level models of varying complexity (3-PG, PnET II, Biome-BGC, and SECRETS-3PG) and a newly proposed nested model are compared with 4 years of eddy-covariance measured water vapor (LE) and CO2 (Fc) fluxes above a maturing loblolly pine forest. The nested model resolves the “fast” CO2 and H2O exchange processes using canopy turbulence theories, ecophysiological principles, and radiative transfer schemes while slowly evolving processes were resolved using standard biomass equations for carbon allocation modified to improve leaf phenology. This model captured most of the intra-annual variations in leaf area index (LAI), net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and LE. Our findings suggest that increasing model complexity, often justified for resolving faster processes, does not necessarily translate into improved predictive skills at all time scales. Additionally, none of the models tested here adequately captured the ‘drought memory’ effects on water and CO2 fluxes.
Sulfide detoxification and tolerance in Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor and Nereis (Neanthes) virens (Annelida : Polychaeta)

Sulfide oxidation activity was quantified for different tissues of the polychaetes Nereis diversicolor and N virens. Blood, intestinal wall and intestinal fluid of both species catalyzed sulfide oxidahon. N. dvers~color showed a sign~flcantly higher activity than did N. virens. Sulfide oxidation activity in the blood correlated with the concentration of 'brown pigment' N. diversicolor was more tolerant to long-term exposure to hypoxia and to hypoxia in the presence of sulfide than N. virens, and was twice as tolerant as N. virens to short-term exposure to high concentrations of sulfide. Results are discussed in terms of habitat preferences and competitive interactions.
IDEALS AND FINITENESS CONDITIONS FOR SUBSEMIGROUPS

Abstract In this paper we consider a number of finiteness conditions for semigroups related to their ideal structure, and ask whether such conditions are preserved by sub- or supersemigroups with finite Rees or Green index. Specific properties under consideration include stability, $\mathcal{D}=\mathcal{J}$ and minimal conditions on ideals.
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in frequently consumed leafy vegetablegrown along Nigeria-Benin Seme Border, West Africa

Vegetable growing along major highways with heavy vehicular movement has been a serious concern to food safety specialist in large cities. The contributions of heavy metals in selected vegetables through atmospheric deposition were quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The level of some heavy metal (.Pb, Cu, Fe, and Cr) were examined in the edible portion of Telfciria occidentals, Corchorus olitorius, Celocia argentea, and Thymus Vulgaries, grown along Nigeria-Republic of Benin border Seme. The results showed that the levels of heavy metal ranged from 21.69 ± 7.36 μg/g Cu to172.87 ±62.05 μg/g Fe in Telfaria occidentalis, 21.74±13.00 μg/g Pb to 304.50±72.77 μg/g Fe in Corchorus olitorius, 16.75±10.54 μg/g Pb to 260.74±215.37 μg/g Fe in Celocia argentea and 23.53±3.52 μg/g Cu to 406.33±225.06 μg/g Fe in Thymus Vulgaries were recorded in site A. The value heavy metal contamination obtained from site B ranged from 18.91±11.98 μg/g Pb to 166.49 ± 86.22 μg/g Fe in Telfaria occidentalis, 16.57± 9.22 μg/g Pb to 292.36±196.33 μg/g Fe in Corchorus olitorius, 19.99±8.54 μg/g Pb to 354.03±302.80 Fe in Celocia argentea and 21.73±8.44 μg/g Pb to 388.20±226.39 μg/g Fe in Thymus Vulgaries. The order of contamination in the vegetable sample was Fe > Cr > Cu > Pb. The data were analyzed with t-test and ANOVA. There were no significant different between the (p< .05) between the level of heavy metal in vegetable at each sampling site. The high levels of metal in the sampled vegetable may be attributed to excessive application of fertilizers and other agro chemical, as well the use of use of waste water for washing the vegetables. The obtained results were higher than the threshold value of WHO, FEPA and China stipulated standards for mature plant tissue except for copper in all the analyzed vegetable. Therefore, the consumption of these vegetables as food may pose possible health hazards to human.
Foreign direct investment to Africa: trends, dynamics and challenges

The FDI debate is often characterised by generalities about the importance of these flows within the global context. This article aims to unpack the African-specific FDI issues in order to get a clearer and more substantiated understanding of the current trends, dynamics and challenges, with emphasis on the period since 2000. The research concludes that nominal flows to the continent are on the increase, with exponential increases over the past decade. The descriptive analysis indicates that flows to the continent are unevenly spread and are concentrated in the largest economies and/or in petroleum-/oil-exporting countries. The impact of FDI on growth and investment in particularly smaller economies indicates that FDI inflows are making a substantial contribution to these economies and illustrates the importance of this source of investment. The econometric analysis reveals that oil exporters and the size of the economy are powerful explanatory variables in explaining FDI flows to Africa, with trade openness a positive, but less powerful variable.
Do multivariate filters have better revision properties ? An empirical analysis 1

The output gap plays a crucial role in thinking of many central banks yet real time measurements undergo substantial revisions as more data become available (Orphanides (2001), Orphanides and van Norden (forthcoming)). Some central banks, such as the Bank of Canada and the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, augment the Hodrick and Prescott (1997) filter with conditioning structural information to circumvent the impact of revisions to the output gap estimates. In this paper, we use a state space Kalman filter framework to examine whether the augmented (“multivariate filters”) achieve this objective. We use the New Zealand data, since the Reserve Bank of New Zealand is one of the central banks, which uses a “multivariate filter” and publishes the estimates from this filter. We empirically show that the multivariate filters are not any better in realtime because of the uncertainty about trends in the augmenting variables. The addition of structural equations increase the number of signal equations, but at the same time adds more unobserved trend/equilibrium variables to the system. We find that how these additional trends/equilibrium values are treated matters a lot, and hence increase the uncertainty around the estimates. In addition, the revisions from these models can be as large as a univariate Hodrick-Prescott filter. Hence, the criticism of the real time output gap estimates remain to be a very valid one, despite the central banks’ attempt to overcome it by means of additional information.
X-rays across the galaxy population – III. The incidence of AGN as a function of star formation rate

JA acknowledges support from an Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Ernest Rutherford Fellowship, grant code: ST/P004172/1. AG acknowledges the THALES project 383549 that is jointly funded by the European Union and the Greek Government in the framework of the programme ‘Education and lifelong learning’. This work is based in part on observations taken by the CANDELS Multi-Cycle Treasury Program and the 3D-HST Treasury Program (GO 12177 and 12328) with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Also based in part on the Ks-selected catalogue of the COSMOS/UltraVISTA field from Muzzin et al. (2013), which contains PSF-matched photometry in 30 photometric bands and includes the available GALEX (Martin et al. 2005), CFHT/Subaru (Capak et al. 2007), UltraVISTA (McCracken et al. 2012), S-COSMOS (Sanders et al. 2007), and zCOSMOS (Lilly et al. 2009) data sets. The scientific results reported in this article are based to a significant degree on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory.
The Happy Few: New Facts on the Internationalisation of European Firms

1The heated debate over the globalisation of the world economy has long been focused on which sectors experience success in the international competition while others lose ground and are eventually submerged by import competition. The report shows that, increasingly, both success and failure stories can be found within the same sector. More generally, the analysis of firm-level data reveals new facts that are essential for future policy-making to foster competitiveness and for the ongoing process of trade liberalisation. Superstar exporters
Do Bulls and Bears Listen to Whispers

A post-earnings announcement drift associated with the market reaction to analyst forecasts errors remains a puzzle. This study suggests that whispers help to explain part of the puzzle. The study examines the market reaction to whispers and analysts in bull and bear markets, and finds that investors listen to whispers in the bull market and whispers help explain the post-announcement drift. In a bear market, reaction to whispers is significantly positive prior to announcement despite a down market, indicating optimism by investors who follow whispers. However, in the bear market, both whispers and analysts contribute to the post-announcement drift.
The clustering and halo occupation distribution of Lyman-break galaxies at z ˜ 4.

We investigate the clustering of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z ∼ 4. Using the hierarchical galaxy formation model GALFORM, we predict, for the first time using a semi-analytical model with feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN), the angular correlation function (ACF) of LBGs and find agreement within 3σ with new measurements of the ACF from surveys including the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field (XDF) and Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) field. Our simulations confirm the conclusion reached using independent models that although the predicted ACFs reproduce the trend of increased clustering with luminosity, the dependence is less strong than observed. We find that for the detection limits of the XDF field, central LBGs at z ∼ 4 predominantly reside in haloes of mass ∼1011–1012 h−1 M⊙ and that satellites reside in larger haloes of mass ∼1012–1013 h−1 M⊙. The model predicts fewer bright satellite LBGs at z ∼ 4 than is inferred from measurements of the ACF at small scales. By analysing the halo occupation distribution (HOD) predicted by the model, we find evidence that AGN feedback affects the HOD of central LBGs in massive haloes. This is a new high-redshift test of this important feedback mechanism. We investigate the effect of photometric errors in the observations on the ACF predictions. We find that the observational uncertainty in the galaxy luminosity reduces the clustering amplitude and that this effect increases towards faint galaxies, particularly on small scales. To compare properties of model with observed LBGs, this uncertainty must be considered.
Development of mathematical concepts as basis for an elaborated mathematical understanding

A common theme of models of conceptual growth is to establish the hierarchical structures of abilities that can be interpreted along developmental lines. Integrating the literature on the development of mathematical concepts and skills in children, a comprehensive 6 level model for describing, explaining and predicting the development of key numerical concepts and arithmetic skills from age 4 to 8, is proposed. Two studies will be presented. In the first study, 1095 preschool children completed a mathematics test (MARKO-D0) based on a 5-level model. The test fitted with a one-dimensional Rasch model. The extension of the model to a sixth level was verified in a new study: 312 first-graders took part in a mathematics test based on the six levels (MARKO-D1). In order to check whether the data of both samples adhered to the principle of unidimensionality, the data of MARKO-0 and MARKO-1 were used in a common analysis for comparative purposes. The applicability of these findings for a qualitative diagnostics and an adaptive training will be discussed.
Changes of the CO2 Sources and Sinks in a Polluted Urban Area (Southern Poland) Over the Last Decade, Derived from the Carbon Isotope Composition

Time series of δ14C, δ13C, and concentration of atmospheric CO2 covering the last 12 years are available at the Kraków sampling site (southern Poland) representing an urban area exposed to anthropogenic pollution of both local and regional origin. The samples represent continuous monitoring in biweekly intervals. Observations covering the time period 1983–1994 show a linear decrease of the 13C/12C ratio (δ13C = −9.6% in Jan. 1983) with a slope of −0.02% a−1. The decreasing tendency in the case of 14C (δ14C = 221% in January 1983) is weaker with a broad minimum in 1991 (δ14C = 124%) and subsequent gradual increase by ca. 10%, coinciding with a substantial reduction of coal consumption in Poland (26% reduction in 1991–1994 for heat and electricity production), partly compensated in agglomerations by increased gas consumption. The 12-year record of the CO2 concentration in Kraków points to a constant value fluctuating at a high level (average: 373 ppmv) reaching a maximum yearly average of 376 ppmv. These carbon isotope signatures were used for the separation of fossils from biogenic and “background” components, reflecting the strength of relevant sources. The monthly mean of the fossil component varies from ca. 10 ppmv in June to 27.5 ppmv in March while the yearly mean decreased ca. 16 ppmv since 1991.
The Globular Cluster System of NGC 5128: Ages, Metallicities, Kinematics and Structural Parameters

Abstract We review our recent studies of the globular cluster system of NGC 5128. First, we have obtained low-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopy of 72 globular clusters using Gemini-S/GMOS to obtain the ages, metallicities, and the level of alpha enrichment of the metal-poor and metal-rich globular cluster subpopulations. Second, we have explored the rotational signature and velocity dispersion of the galaxy's halo using over 560 globular clusters with radial velocity measurements. We have also compared the dependence of these properties on galactocentric distance and globular cluster age and metallicity. Using globular clusters as tracer objects, we have analyzed the mass, and mass-to-light ratio of NGC 5128. Last, we have measured the structural parameters, such as half-light radii, of over 570 globular clusters from a superb 1.2-square-degree Magellan/IMACS image. We will present the findings of these studies and discuss the connection to the formation and evolution of NGC 5128.
Subduction zone backarcs, mobile belts, and orogenic heat

Two important problems of continental tectonics may be resolved by recognizing that most subduction zone backarcs have hot, thin, and weak lithospheres over considerable widths. These are (1) the origin of long-lived active “mobile belts” contrasted to the stability of cratons and platforms, and (2) the origin of the heat of continental collision orogeny. At many continental margin plate boundaries, there are broad belts with a long history of distributed deformation. These regions are mobile because the lithosphere is sufficiently weak to
CCD report Numerical simulation of energy deposition in a supersonic flow past a hemisphere

In this work the interaction of a laser-discharged plasma with a hemisphere at Mach 3.45 is simulated by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with the assumption of a viscous perfect gas model and no chemical reaction in the laser discharge. The instantaneous laser discharge creates a plasma region which in this study is assumed to be spherical. From this spherical plasma region a blast wave and an expansion wave form which propagate radially outward and inward, respectively. The heated region convects with the flow and interacts with the blunt body shock in the upstream of the hemisphere and changes the flow structure and parameters in that region. The impact of the blast wave with the hemisphere surface momentarily raises the pressure on the hemisphere. When the heated region reaches the blunt body shock lensing of the shock wave occurs and a toroidal vortex forms due to the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability; as a result, the pressure on the hemisphere drops momentarily. Later on, the flow parameters converge to their steady state condition as the heated region convects to the downstream of the hemisphere. The results are compared with experimental data of Adelgren et al. and our previous study using an inviscid perfect gas model. The peak pressure on the hemisphere due to the impact of the blast wave is matched with the experimental data to estimate the thermal efficiency (i.e., the fraction of the laser discharge energy resulting in heating of the gas). The predicted non-dimensional centerline pressure vs time on the hemisphere is compared with the experimental data and inviscid perfect gas simulation. The objective of this study is to find the effect of viscosity on the flow field structure and the accuracy of the prediction of the flow parameters with this model.
UC Davis Recent Work Title Behavioral Response to Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles and Refueling : A Comparative Analysis of Short-and Long-Term Exposure Permalink

Over the last several decades, hydrogen fuel cell v ehicles (FCVs) have emerged as a zero tailpipe-emission alternative to the battery electr ic vehicle (EV). There are key questions about consumer reaction and response to operations and re fueling of FCVs. This paper presents the results of a “ride-and-drive” clinic series (n=182) held in 2007 with a Mercedes-Benz A-Class “F-Cell” hydrogen FCV. The clinic evaluated partici pant reactions to driving and riding in a FCV, as well as witnessing a vehicle-refueling even t. Roughly 95% of respondents finished the clinic with either a positive or very positive impr ession of the F-Cell. More than 80% left with a positive overall impression of hydrogen. The majori ty expressed a willingness to travel five to ten minutes to find a hydrogen station. Approximate ly 50% would consider a 225 to 300 mile (360 to 480 kilometers) FCV range acceptable. Fifty percent would pay no more than a $3,000 premium over a similar gasoline vehicle. The clinic results are compared with the authors’ previous study employing 24 F-Cells, which tracked r spondents over a seven-month period. This comparative analysis helps to better discern w hich short-term effects may be influenced by the “novelty” effect and which are likely to persis t due to new information.
Investigating competence-based VET in The Netherlands: backgrounds, pitfalls and implications

In the Dutch VET system, competence-based education is the leading paradigm for innovation both on systems´ level and on the level of teaching and learning arrangements. This phenomenon was the impetus for organising a scientific conference in October 2002, under the umbrella of the Dutch Educational Research Association (VOR), to bring to the fore a diversity of results of educational research related to competence-based VET. This paper provides an analysis of the competence concept and its popularity and an internationally embedded historical analysis of the development of competence-based education. Moreover, based on the presentations of the October conference, (possible) pitfalls and roads for future development will be sketched.