Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mental health disorders, psychological distress, and suicidality in a diverse sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youths.

OBJECTIVES We examined associations of race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation with mental disorders among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youths. METHODS We assessed mental disorders by administering a structured diagnostic interview to a community sample of 246 LGBT youths aged 16 to 20 years. Participants also completed the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI 18). RESULTS One third of participants met criteria for any mental disorder, 17% for conduct disorder, 15% for major depression, and 9% for posttraumatic stress disorder. Anorexia and bulimia were rare. Lifetime suicide attempts were frequent (31%) but less so in the prior 12 months (7%). Few racial/ethnic and gender differences were statistically significant. Bisexually identified youths had lower prevalences of every diagnosis. The BSI 18 had high negative predictive power (90%) and low positive predictive power (25%) for major depression. CONCLUSIONS LGBT youths had higher prevalences of mental disorder diagnoses than youths in national samples, but were similar to representative samples of urban, racial/ethnic minority youths. Suicide behaviors were similar to those among representative youth samples in the same geographic area. Questionnaires measuring psychological distress may overestimate depression prevalence among this population.
The Influence of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Flow

Objective. To assess whether or not there was any change in the dental caries and rate of salivary flow of patients with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) and the contribution of salivary flow to caries risk in IDDM. Setting. Department of Endocrinology, MS Ramaiah Hospital, Bangalore, India. Design. A comparative cross-sectional descriptive type. Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of two groups: 140 diabetic group (mean age 14.8 yr) and 140 nondiabetic group (mean age 13.7 yr). Dental caries by dmf(t) and dmf(s) indices for primary dentition and DMF(T) and DMF(S) indices was used in permanent dentition to assess the dental caries experience. Both stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate were assessed after collection of saliva. Results. In diabetic group 76% had carious lesion and in nondiabetic group 85.3% had carious lesion. Diabetics have lower mean DMFT, DMFS, dmft, and dmfs compared to the nondiabetic group. Diminished unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate in diabetic than nondiabetic group. Conclusions. The findings obtained conclude that even though there was reduced salivary flow rate in diabetic group the caries prevalence was low.
The Effects of Varieties Sources of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Diabetes in Rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of varieties sources of omega-3 on diabetic rats. Fifty six male albi-no rats were divided into 7 group: first group was fed on normal basal diet (maintained at negative control group), group 2 diabetic group fed on 60% fructose, group 3 fed on 60% fructose + 8% fish oil, group 4 fed on 60% fructose + 8% flaxseed oil, group 5 fed on 60% fructose + 4% corn oil + 4% fish oil, group 6 fed on 60% fructose + 4% corn oil + 4% flaxseed oil and group 7 fed on 60% fructose + 4% fish oil + 4% flaxseed oil. Fatty acid composition of investigated oils show that the corn oil contained high levels of omega-6 fatty acid (LA: 56.95%), flaxseed oil contained high level of short chain omega-3 fatty acid (ALA: 56.31%), meanwhile fish oil only has high concentration of long chain omega-3 fatty acid 39.20% (23.98% of EPA and 15.22% of DHA). After 8 week feeding of fish oil, flaxseed oil, corn oil + fish oil, corn oil + flaxseed oil and fish oil + flaxseed oil show reduces levels of glucose by 49.09%, 44.0%, 43.4%. 43.6% and 44.9% respectively. Data revealed significant decrease (P < 0.05%) was observed of TC, TG, LDL and VLDL of all treatment. Urea and creatinine in diabetic rats was increase, in contrast the glutathione reduced was decrease compared to the control group. Fish oil show the highest decrease in urea and creatinene and the highest increase in glutathione levels and insulin compared to other sources of omega-3. Omega-3 fatty acids have potential effect to protect pancreas from up normality changes which induced in diabetic disease. The data suggest that omega-3 fatty acid and fish oil especially may be effective in the prevention of diabetic disease.
Sexual function in childhood cancer survivors: a report from Project REACH.

INTRODUCTION Of the approximately 12,000 children and adolescents that will be diagnosed with cancer in 2013, it is expected that over 80% of them will become long-term adult survivors of childhood cancer. Although it has been well established that cancer treatment often has profound negative impact on sexual functioning, sexual functioning in adult survivors of childhood cancer is not well understood. AIM The aim of the current study was to examine the report of sexual function in adult survivors of childhood cancer in relationship to both physical and emotional functioning. METHODS Two hundred ninety-one participants enrolled in Project REACH, a longitudinal study of childhood cancer survivors, completed questionnaires as part of an annual health survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Primary outcome measures included the sexual functioning subscale of the Swedish Health-Related Quality of Life Survey, the SF-12, and the BSI-18. RESULTS Results indicate that 29% of young adult survivors reported two or more discrete symptoms of sexual dysfunction. Females were twice as likely to report sexual problems. Sexual problems were not related to specific types of childhood cancer treatments such as type of chemotherapy or radiation. Young adults with sexual dysfunction did report poorer functioning across the range of SF-12 subscales including physical functioning, general health, fatigue, and mental health. CONCLUSIONS Significant sexual dysfunction is common in adult survivors of childhood cancer. A greater understanding of the particular relationship between sexual dysfunction and both physical and emotional well-being in this relatively young population is needed. Even when long-term cancer survivors are young adults and report generally good health, results underscore the need for clinicians to specifically assess sexual functioning.
Eichhomia crassipes productivity and harvesting using satellite remote sensing

This study presents a tactical level planning tool to address the issue of coordinating production and harvest of Eichhornia crassipes (EC) under satellite remote sensing data. The production of EC is measured by the area of EC from satellite images and GPS, which leads to an area-related logistic model of EC for obtaining the growth area of EC. The model developed considers the problem of the harvest of EC. The model based coordination mechanism is formulated, which leads the harvest decisions of EC toward a coordinated optimal outcome. The results presented show the viability of implementing such planning tool in practice.
A cyclophilin links redox and light signals to cysteine biosynthesis and stress responses in chloroplasts

Cyclophilins belong to a large family of enzymes called “peptidyl prolyl isomerases” that assist protein folding and assembly. The cyclophilin CYP20–3 (also known as “ROC4”) is the only member of this group located in the stroma (soluble phase) of chloroplasts. In the present study we isolated mutant Arabidopsis plants defective in the CYP20–3 gene and found them to be hypersensitive to oxidative stress conditions created by high light levels, rose bengal, high salt levels, and osmotic shock. Chloroplast serine acetyltransferase (SAT1), a rate-limiting enzyme in cysteine biosynthesis, was identified as an interacting partner for CYP20–3 by protein interaction analyses. In the present experiments, SAT1 activity increased significantly under conditions of light and oxidative stress in concert with total thiols in wild-type plants. By contrast, these parameters changed only marginally in experiments with the cyp20–3 mutant, suggesting that CYP20–3 links light and stress to SAT1 activity and cysteine biosynthesis. In further support of this conclusion, our analyses showed that the salt-hypersensitive phenotype of the mutant developed under illumination and not in the dark. Together with the earlier report that CYP20–3 foldase activity is enhanced by thioredoxin-mediated reduction, our findings suggest that CYP20–3 links photosynthetic electron transport and redox regulation to the folding of SAT1, thereby enabling the cysteine-based thiol biosynthesis pathway to adjust to light and stress conditions.
Localization of the Serine Protease-binding Sites in the Collagen-like Domain of Mannose-binding Protein

Mutations in the collagen-like domain of serum mannose-binding protein (MBP) interfere with the ability of the protein to initiate complement fixation through the MBP-associated serine proteases (MASPs). The resulting deficiency in the innate immune response leads to susceptibility to infections. Studies have been undertaken to define the region of MBP that interacts with MASPs and to determine how the naturally occurring mutations affect this interaction. Truncated and modified MBPs and synthetic peptides that represent segments of the collagen-like domain of MBP have been used to demonstrate that MASPs bind on the C-terminal side of the hinge region formed by an interruption in the Gly-X-Y repeat pattern of the collagen-like domain. The binding sites for MASP-2 and for MASP-1 and -3 overlap but are not identical. The two most common naturally occurring mutations in MBP result in substitution of acidic amino acids for glycine residues in Gly-X-Y triplets on the N-terminal side of the hinge. Circular dichroism analysis and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrate that the triple helical structure of the collagen-like domain is largely intact in the mutant proteins, but it is more easily unfolded than in wild-type MBP. Thus, the effect of the mutations is to destabilize the collagen-like domain, indirectly disrupting the binding sites for MASPs. In addition, at least one of the mutations has a further effect on the ability of MBP to activate MASPs.
Adaptive noise canceling for lightning electric field signals

In the measurement of lightning electric fields, both the measuring system and the electromagnetic environment inevitably introduce noise in the measured signals. When the electric field signals have significant noise levels, it is hard to recognize the weak discharge process from measured waveforms. Since the essential of the adaptive filtering is time-varying and self-adjusting, LMS adaptive filtering algorithm is chosen to reduce the presence of noise. Unlike many existing approaches, this algorithm has the advantage of requiring no a priori knowledge of the detailed properties of the noise signal. The results indicate that the algorithm can significantly improve the quality of electric field signal by suppressing the noise while leaving the signal relatively unchanged.
Chief Nursing Officer Turnover and the Crisis Brewing: Views from the Front Line

Objective: This American Organization of Nurse Executives study examined perceptions of staff nurses, nurse managers, and nurses in other organizational roles as part of an initiative examining CNO turnover. Here, we report findings that complete the 3-phased effort to better understand how nurse executive turnover affects the work environment and patient care. Background: The CNO plays a key role in promoting nurse satisfaction and improving quality, safety, and effectiveness in healthcare organizations. However, little is known about the impact of nurse executive turnover on staff, managers, or patient care delivery. Methods: An online survey was used to gather participants' views. Results: Approximately 1,277 nurses employed in hospitals across the United States responded to this survey. They reported that their CNO listened and responded to staff and backed up staff in decision making, even when doing so involved conflicts with physicians. However, they also perceived that the CNO was not always visible on units and accessible to staff and had less power and authority than other top-level hospital executives in the organization. Conclusion: Strategies are needed to address the concerns of staff nurses and managers who are left behind when CNO turnover occurs.
A Cardinal Role for I‐Region Antigens (Ia) in Immunological Enhancement, and the Clinical Implications

Attempts to correlate degrees of histocompatibility (determined by conventional HLA tissue typing) with the success of kidney transplants have frequently been frustratingly negative when unrelated participants have been assessed, whereas correlation is not difficixlt to show among related donors and recipients. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) provides good prognosis among related people, where it can be used for seeking propitious pairs, and extends to some correlation between unrelated participants. In the latter situation, which includes most current transplant partnerships, the donors are cadavers and MLR cannot easily be used in clinical practice (Belzer et al. 1974, Callender et al. 1974, Opelz et al. 1974). A possible approach to clarification of the MLR-HLA-typing anomaly can be attributed to Amos & Yunis (1971) who proposed a separate MLR locus in the region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) but at some distance away from the regions whose gene products are related to tissue-typing antibodies. Other starting points for work which converged to make the picture of enhancement as we described it below, were:
The efficacy of corneal cross-linking shows a sudden decrease with very high intensity UV light and short treatment time.

PURPOSE Standard treatment in cases of progressive keratectasia is UV-triggered corneal cross-linking. For irradiances larger than 10 mW/cm(2) and treatment times below 10 minutes, the scientific proof of a biomechanical strengthening effect is insufficient. The authors investigated the biomechanical strengthening of ex vivo corneal tissue treated with irradiances between 3 mW/cm(2) and 90 mW/cm(2) and illumination times from 30 minutes to 1 minute, respectively. METHODS A total of 100 porcine eyes received riboflavin + UV treatment (constant irradiation dose of 5.4 J/cm(2)) with different intensities and illumination times and were randomly assigned into 10 groups. A control group (80 eyes) was not irradiated but underwent the same treatment otherwise. Young's modulus at 10% strain was determined for each strip after uniaxial stress-strain measurement. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A statistically significant difference (α = 0.01) was found between the median value of Young's modulus of the treatment groups up to 45 mW/cm(2) (illumination times from 30 minutes to 2 minutes) compared with the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups from 50 mW/cm(2) up to 90 mW/cm(2) (illumination times of less than 2 minutes) and the control group. CONCLUSIONS The ex vivo results of corneal cross-linking performed in porcine corneas show that the Bunsen-Roscoe reciprocity law is only valid for illumination intensities up to 40 to 50 mW/cm(2) and illumination times of more than 2 minutes. Further experiments are necessary to validate these results for in vivo human corneal tissue. Additionally, safety aspects at high intensities must be investigated.
Efficacy of API 20C and ID 32C Systems for Identification of Common and Rare Clinical Yeast Isolates

ABSTRACT The abilities of the API 20C and ID 32C yeast identification systems to identify 123 common and 120 rare clinical yeast isolates were compared. API 20C facilitated correct identification of 97% common and 88% rare isolates while ID 32C facilitated correct identification of 92% common and 85% rare isolates.
Probiotics and Paraprobiotics in Viral Infection: Clinical Application and Effects on the Innate and Acquired Immune Systems

Recently, the risk of viral infection has dramatically increased owing to changes in human ecology such as global warming and an increased geographical movement of people and goods. Howev-er, the efficacy of vaccines and remedies for infectious diseases is limited by the high mutation rates of viruses, especially, RNA viruses. Here, we comprehensively review the effectiveness of several probiot-ics and paraprobiotics (sterilized probiotics) for the prevention or treatment of virally-induced infectious diseases. We discuss the unique roles of these agents in modulating the cross-talk between commensal bacteria and the mucosal immune system. In addition, we provide an overview of the unique mechanism by which viruses are eliminated through the stimulation of type 1 interferon production by probiotics and paraprobiotics via the activation of dendritic cells. Although further detailed research is necessary in the future, probiotics and/or paraprobiotics are expected to be among the rational adjunctive options for the treatment of various viral diseases.
Reproducibility of a standardized quantitative analysis using fixed regions of interest to differentiate movement disorders on 123I-FP-CIT SPECT.

UNLABELLED The present prospective study evaluated the diagnostic value of a standardized analysis of (123)I-N-omega-(fluoropropyl)-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane (FP-CIT) SPECT studies acquired on a triple-head gamma-camera for patients with clinically uncertain movement disorders having tremor as the most striking feature. METHODS (123)I-FP-CIT studies were performed on 52 consecutive patients (27 male and 25 female; mean age, 49.2 y; range, 17-80 y) who had a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 21), hypokinetic rigid syndrome (n = 19), dystonia (n = 8), or essential tremor (n = 4). In all patients, the final diagnosis was based on a thorough clinical examination, the family history, and a 2-y follow-up. Two independent technologists analyzed (123)I-FP-CIT studies using a standardized quantitative method applying both fixed regions of interest (ROIs) and manually drawn ROIs. The mean values from both methods were compared using the Student t test, and the intra- and intertechnologist variabilities were tested. RESULTS In patients with PD, all ratios were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than those in patients with other movement disorders. No significant differences were found between the other groups tested. The manual method resulted in significantly lower values than did the standardized method (P < 0.001) and, for the putamen, showed significant differences between technologists. The standardized method showed no significant differences between technologists. The intra- and intertechnologist variabilities for this method were 0.14 +/- 0.13 (confidence value, 2.4%) and 0.19 +/- 0.18 (confidence value, 3.1%), respectively, whereas the intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.99 for 1 technologist and 0.98 for the 2 independent technologists. CONCLUSION Our data confirm that (123)I-FP-CIT SPECT has value in the differentiation of PD from other movement disorders. Acquisition using a triple-head gamma-camera and subsequent standardized analysis using fixed ROIs result in good intra- and intertechnologist agreement and can easily be applied in clinical practice.
Inhibition of Alcoholic Fermentation of Grape Must by Fatty Acids Produced by Yeasts and Their Elimination by Yeast Ghosts

In a complete nutritive medium rich in sugar, such as grape must, the inhibition of alcoholic fermentation is caused by substances produced by the yeast which, acting synergistically with ethanol, are toxic to the yeasts themselves. Among these are decanoic and octanoic acids and their corresponding ethyl esters. Their adsorption by yeast ghosts permits the prevention and treatment of fermentation stoppages.
Tensor categories: a selective guided tour

These are the, somewhat polished and updated, lecture notes for a three hour course on tensor categories, given at the CIRM, Marseille, in April 2008. The coverage in these notes is relatively non-technical, focusing on the essential ideas. They are meant to be accessible for beginners, but it is hoped that also some of the experts will find something interesting in them. Once the basic definitions are given, the focus is mainly on categories that are linear over a field k and have finite dimensional hom-spaces. Connections with quantum groups and low dimensional topology are pointed out, but these notes have no pretension to cover the latter subjects to any depth. Essentially, these notes should be considered as annotations to the extensive bibliography. We also recommend the recent review, which covers less ground in a deeper way.
Sodium removal and sodium concentration during peritoneal dialysis: effects of three methods of sodium measurement.

BACKGROUND Sodium removal (NaR) may have a major impact on the survival of peritoneal dialysis patients. The dialysate/plasma sodium concentration ratio (D/P(Na)) is an indirect index of transcellular water transport by aquaporin channels, and thus of ultrafiltration. Sodium concentration can be assessed by means of flame photometry (F), and direct (D-ISE) or indirect ion-selective electrodes (I-ISE), but these methods have different properties. I-ISE is being used increasingly in clinical laboratories. The aim of this study was to evaluate NaR and D/P(Na) using the three different measurement methods. METHODS We performed peritoneal equilibration tests (PETs) in 44 peritoneal dialysis patients and calculated the NaR. We also calculated D/P(Na) during the test; plasma and dialysate sodium concentrations were measured by F, D-ISE and I-ISE. RESULTS NaR was lower (P<0.001) with D-ISE (69+/-29 mmol) than with F (81+/-29 mmol) or I-ISE (79+/-28 mmol). D/P(Na) was also lower at baseline (0.92+/-0.02 vs 0.95+/-0.02 and 0.95+/-0.02; P<0.001), after 60 min (0.87+/-0.03 vs 0.90+/-0.03 and 0.90+/-0.03; P<0.001) and at the end of PET (0.88+/-0.04 vs 0.92+/-0.04 and 0.92+/-0.04; P<0.001) when measured by D-ISE in comparison with F and I-ISE, respectively. CONCLUSIONS NaR and D/P(Na) were lower when measured by the D-ISE method compared with the F and I-ISE methods. NaR and D/P(Na) were similar when measured by F or I-ISE. I-ISE can be used reliably in the evaluation of NaR and D/P(Na) in everyday clinical practice of peritoneal dialysis.
You Are Hypoalbuminemic and So You Are Sick…but What Can I Do for You? Your Amino Acid Gram Could Help Me.

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine www.pccmjournal. org 479 into endocytotic vesicles on the endothelial surface, and the final breakdown products are amino acids (AA). The average biologic half-life of albumin is about 18–20 days. There are two pools available for albumin distribution: intravascular and extravascular, with as much as 60% of the total body protein staying in the extravascular space. Critical illness may alter the distribution of albumin and also change the rate of albumin synthesis and degradation (1). Plasma AA analysis may help us to understand the etiology of hypoalbuminemia and to improve treatment (4). A normal plasma amino acid profile means that albumin is synthesized, but it tends to distribute in the extravascular space or is lost. In this situation, albumin supplementation will not improve the patient’s condition. On the other hand, a hypoalbuminemic patient who has a catabolic amino acid gram will benefit from nutrition and albumin supplementation. Furthermore, plasma amino acid analysis can reveal which organs are more stressed by the catabolic condition and may better predict outcome in the hypoalbuminemic population. Unfortunately, to date, no studies have investigated either the amino acid gram at PICU admission or the relationship between hypoalbuminemia and an amino acid profile. The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.