Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of the initial validation and characterization of a 3K chicken SNP array

In 2004 the chicken genome sequence and more than 2.8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were reported. This information greatly enhanced the ability of poultry scientists to understand chicken biology, especially with respect to identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and genes that control simple and complex traits. To validate and address the quality of the reported SNPs, assays for 3072 SNPS were developed and used to genotype 2576 DNAs isolated from commercial and experimental birds. Over 90% of the SNPs were valid based on the criterion used for segregating, and over 88% had a minor allele frequency of 2% or greater. As the East Lansing (EL) and Wageningen University (WAU) reference panels were genotyped, 1933 SNPs were added to the chicken genetic map, which was used in the second chicken genome sequence assembly. It was also discovered that linkage disequilibrium varied considerably between commercial layers and broilers; with the latter having haplotype blocks averaging 10 to 50 kb in size. Finally, it was estimated that commercial lines have lost 70% or more of their genetic diversity, with the majority of allele loss attributable to the limited number of chicken breeds used.
Leisure Time Habits of Employees of Ministry of Justice According to the Education Level

Bu arastirma; bireylerin egitim duzeylerinin, bos zaman degerlendirme tercihleri uzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmanin orneklemi Adalet Bakanligi Merkez Teskilatinin cesitli daire baskanliklarinda gorev yapan 159 personel olusturmaktadir. Arastirmada, veri toplama araci olarak 64 sorudan olusan bir anket kullanilmistir. Veriler SPSS 15.0 Istatistik Paket programi ile analiz edilerek, degiskenlerin frekans tablolari yuzde degerleri ile birlikte verilmistir. Degiskenler arasinda anlamli farkin olup olmadigina Tek Yonlu Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) testi yontemi ile bakilmistir. Ayrica Katilimcilarin egitim durumlarina gore tercih ettikleri bos zaman aktivitelerine katilma sikliklari capraz tablolar olarak sunulmustur. Arastirma sonuclarina gore; bireylerin yeterli duzeyde bos zamana sahip olamadiklari ancak azda olsa sahip olduklari bos zaman surecini, egitim durumlari yukseldikce daha etkin ve planli bir sekilde degerlendirmeye calistiklari anlasilmistir. Ayrica egitim seviyesi dusuk olan bireylerin daha cok kendi baslarina, bos zaman faaliyetlerine katildiklari; egitim seviyesi yukseldikce birlikte yapilan faaliyetlerin arttigi gozlenmistir. Dolayisiyla egitim duzeyinin, bireylerin bos zamanlarini degerlendirme tercihleri uzerinde etkili oldugu saptanmistir.
Growth rhythm, height growth and survival of Russian larch (Larix Mill.) provenances in greenhouse and field conditions in Finland

The aim of this study was to analyse the growth rhythm, height growth and survival of seedlings of 20 Russian larch (Larix Mill.) provenances and five comparison entries in sowing year in greenhouse conditions and in field conditions in southern (Punkaharju 61°49′N, 29°19′E) and northern (Kivalo 66°19′N, 26°38′E) Finland after third and fourth growing seasons. Geographic and climatic conditions of the origins were used to explain the differences between the provenances. In the sowing year in greenhouse, latitude explained 74% of the length of the growing period. In the field in Punkaharju, the northern Siberian larches (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) had the earliest bud burst and the Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) provenances slightly earlier onset of height growth. The temperature sum and latitude of the provenances explained the differences in shoot elongation. After four growing seasons in the field northern provenances had the best survival and height growth in Kivalo. Survival did not differ significantly between provenances in Punkaharju field experiment. The southern Dahurian larches had a superior height growth in Punkaharju and they had least mammal damages. In Punkaharju, the growth cessation was affected by photoperiod and possibly by declining temperatures in autumn. Provenances from cold northern climates developed their terminal buds first. They also formed autumn colouring and shed their needles earlier than more southern provenances. Dahurian larches showed potential in height growth and ability to utilize the length of the growing season effectively in Punkaharju. They also seemed to have, on average, smaller amount of mammal damages. Despite this, the currently used Siberian larch of Raivola origin is still the safest choice for larch forestry in whole Finland in terms of adaptation to climate. Further studies are needed still on the potential offered by different species and provenances (and their hybrids) to generalize the findings of this work.
Corporate Distress Prediction Models Using Governance and Financial Variables: Evidence from Thai Listed Firms during the East Asian Economic Crisis

Predicting corporate distress can have a significant impact on the economy because it serves as an efficient early warning signal. This study develops distress prediction models incorporating both governance and financial variables and examines the impact of major corporate governance attributes, i.e., ownership and board structures, on the likelihood of distress. The two widely documented methods, i.e., logit and neural network approaches are used. For an emerging market economy where ownership concentration is common, we show that not only financial factors but also corporate governance factors help determine the likelihood that a company will be in distress. Our prediction models perform relatively well. Specifically, in our logit models that incorporate governance and financial variables, more than 85% of non-financial listed firms are correctly classified in our models. When we consider the Type I error, on average the models have the Type I error of about 9%. Likewise, the neural network prediction models appear to have good results. Specifically, the average accuracy of the neural network prediction models ranges from approximately 84% to 87% with the average Type I error raging from about 10% to 16%. Such evidence indicates that the models serve as sound early warning signals and could thus be useful tools adding to supervisory resources. We also find that the presence of controlling shareholders and the board involvement by controlling shareholders reduce the probability of corporate financial distress. This evidence supports the monitoring/alignment hypothesis. Finally, our results suggest evidence of the benefits of business group affiliation in reducing the distress likelihood of member firms during the East Asian financial crisis.
E-learning Adoption by Lecturers in Selected Zimbabwe State Universities: An Application of Technology Acceptance Model

The Technology Acceptance Model has widely been used in various studies in understanding information systems. However, this has been used intensively in developed economies with little application in developing economies like Zimbabwe. The rapid diffusion of the Internet has generated a rejuvenated interest and motivation in the role of new information and communication technologies in higher education and learning in Zimbabwe. The major purpose of the study was to explore the attitude of Zimbabwean lecturers in universities towards e-learning systems by applying TAM. Five hypotheses were developed basing on this model. The results indicated that significant relationships were recorded for perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude and behavioural intention to use e-learning. However, the relationship between perceived usefulness was not supported. A path model was developed to analyse the relationships between the variables that explain the attitudes of lecturers towards acceptance of the e-learning system. This study was important in that it was able to gauge the preparedness of state university lecturers towards e-learning use and it also discussed the benefits and challenges of the system to university communities and their employees. The outcomes of e-learning will enhance the lecturers’ appreciation of e-learning acceptance and will assist the Zimbabwean government decision makers in planning, evaluating and implementationof e-learning at various levels of learning establishments.
Analysis of Poverty Reducing Effects of Microfinance from a Macro Perspective: Evidence from Cross-Country Data

This paper tests the hypothesis that microfinance reduces poverty at macro level using the cross-country data in 2007. The results of econometric estimation for poverty head count ratio show, taking account of the endogeneity associated with loans from microfinance institutions (MFIs), that microfinance loans significantly reduce poverty. Thus, a country with higher MFI's gross loan portfolio tends to have lower poverty incidence after controlling the other factors influencing poverty. We also found that poverty reducing effect tends to be larger in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) as suggested by the negative and significant coefficient estimate of the SSA dummy and gross loan portfolio. From a policy perspective, our results would justify increase in investment from development finance institutions and governments of developing countries into microfinance loans as a means of poverty reduction.
The rice PLATZ protein SHORT GRAIN6 determines grain size by regulating spikelet hull cell division.

Grain size is a major determinant of cereal grain yields; however, the relevant regulatory mechanisms controlling this trait have not been fully elucidated. The rice (Oryza sativa) mutant short grain6 (sg6) was identified based on its reduced grain length and weight. Here, we functionally characterized the role of SG6 in determining grain size through the regulation of spikelet hull cell division. SG6 encodes a previously uncharacterized PLATZ (plant AT-rich sequence and zinc-binding) protein that is ubiquitously localized throughout the cell and is preferentially expressed in the early developing panicles but not in the endosperm. The overexpression of SG6 resulted in significantly larger and heavier grains, as well as increased plant heights, which is consistent with its elevated spikelet hull cell division rate. Yeast two-hybrid analyses revealed that SG6 interacts with the core cell cycle machinery DP protein and several other putative cell division regulators, consistent with our transcriptomic analysis, which showed that SG6 activates the expression of many DNA replication and cell-cycle-related genes. These results confirm the crucial role of SG6 in determining grain size by regulating spikelet hull cell division and provide clues for understanding the functions of PLATZ family proteins and the network regulating cereal grain size. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Decreasing intensity of monsoon low-frequency intraseasonal variability over India

Understanding the changing nature of the intraseasonal oscillatory (ISO)modes of Indian summer monsoonmanifested by active and break phase, and their associationwith extreme rainfall events are necessary for probabilistic estimation offlood-related risks in awarming climate. Here, using groundbased observed rainfall, we define an index tomeasure the strength ofmonsoon ISOs and show that the relative strength of the northward-propagating low-frequency ISO (20–60 days)modes have had a significant decreasing trend during the past six decades, possibly attributed to theweakening of largescale circulation in the region duringmonsoon season. This reduction is compensated by a gain in synoptic-scale (3–9 days) variability. The decrease in low-frequency ISO variability is associatedwith a significant decreasing trend in the percentage of extreme events during the active phase of the monsoon.However, this decrease is balanced by significant increasing trends in the percentage of extreme events in the break and transition phases.We alsofind a significant rise in the occurrence of extremes during early and latemonsoonmonths,mainly over eastern coastal regions. Our study highlights the redistribution of rainfall intensity among periodic (low-frequency) and non-periodic (extreme)modes in a changing climate scenario.
Leverage Risk. The Weight of Borrowed Capital Distinguishes the Solvency of Firms: An Empirical Analysis on a Sample of 4,500 Italian SMEs

The analysis of the financial structure of firms is crucial in order to investigate their possibilities of profitable progress or, on the other hand, their probability of default. In this perspective, the aim of this work, which is supported by a large analysis sample, is to describe the structure of onerous debt in Italian SMEs and to decipher the possible links between it and the probability of default. We therefore intend to answer two questions: can insolvent firms be identified by analysing only the weight of financial debts? Is it possible to isolate a risk of leverage among the dangers leading companies to bankruptcy?
The Role Of Customer Satisfaction On Product Quality, Price And Brand Image In Creating Word Of Mouth On Shop Store Conato In Jember

International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI), ISSN (Online): 2319 – 8028, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 801X, www.ijbmi. org || Volume 7 Issue 5 Ver. III || May. 2018 || PP—13-22
Nucleation modeling of the Antarctic stratospheric CN layer and derivation of sulfuric acid profiles

Recent analysis of long-term balloon-borne measurements of Antarctic stratospheric condensation nuclei (CN) between July and October showed the formation of a volatile CN layer at 21–27 km altitude in a background of existing particles. We use the nucleation model SAWNUC to simulate these CN in subsiding air parcels and study their nucleation and coagulation characteristics. Our simulations confirm recent analysis that the development of the CN layer can be explained with neutral sulfuric acid–water nucleation and we show that outside the CN layer the measured CN concentrations are well reproduced just considering coagulation and the subsidence of the air parcels. While ion-induced nucleation is expected as the dominating formation process at higher temperatures, it does not play a significant role during the CN layer formation as the charged clusters recombine too fast. Further, we derive sulfuric acid concentrations for the CN layer formation. Our concentrations are about 1 order of magnitude higher than previously presented concentrations as our simulations consider that nucleated clusters have to grow to CN size and can coagulate with preexisting particles. Finally, we calculate threshold sulfuric acid profiles that show which concentration of sulfuric acid is necessary for nucleation and growth to observable size. These threshold profiles should represent upper limits of the actual sulfuric acid outside the CN layer. According to our profiles, sulfuric acid concentrations seem to be below midlatitude average during Antarctic winter but above midlatitude average for the CN layer formation.
Design and Development of a Mobile App for Accessible Beach Tourism Information for People with Disabilities

The global increase in the proportion of the population with disabilities has caused a greater awareness toward guaranteeing their use of public services. In particular, there is emphasis on the accessibility and inclusivity of tourism resources, to improve the enjoyment and well-being for people with motor disabilities. This paper presents a case study on accessibility to beaches in the Region of Murcia, Spain, which is one of the main tourist areas in the country. First, the most important elements that allow for the accessible use of beaches are analyzed and exposed in detail. Then, an extensive field-work in the area of interest has been carried out and its results are evaluated. Finally, the development of a new mobile app is described. The objective of this tool is to provide updated, accurate, and reliable accessibility information regarding the beaches. As a result, more than a third of the beaches analyzed had a high level of accessibility, while almost another third are totally inaccessible. The proposed application is a valuable tool, not only to help people with physical and motor disabilities, but also to raise awareness among local authorities to create and improve accessible services.
Life history of fjord cod from the Skagerrak in the mid-2000s compared to 1905.

Life history changes serve as stress indicators in harvested populations. Data from recent decades show that many species of marine fish are now maturing at younger ages and smaller sizes, associated with a general increase in harvest intensity. However, data from earlier times are gener- ally sparse or lacking. In this study we compare present life history characteristics of fjord cod Gadus morhua in the Skagerrak, southern Norway, to century-old (1905) scientific data. Contrary to our expectations, age and length distributions were shifted towards older and larger fish in the most recent data set compared to the historic sample. Also, fish in the historic sample tended to be smaller at age and reached 50% maturity at a smaller size and younger age compared to the present sample. These results are in contrast to most other studies on life history changes in harvested fish.
THE EFFECT OF THEME-BASED INSRTUCTION COMPARED TO COMPETENCE-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING TO TEACH READING COMPREHENSION TO STUDENTS WITH IDGH AND LOW INTEREST

This study is an experimental research with a factorial design which aimed to find out the effect of Theme-Based Instruction compared to Competence-Based Language Teaching in teaching reading comprehension to students with high and low interest. The samples of the study were tenth graders of MA Mathali'ul Falah Kajen, Pati in the academic year of 2016/2017. There were two classes, 30 students of XA as experimental class and 30 students of XE as control class. Theme-Based Instruction was used for experimental class, while Competence-Based Language teaching was used in control class. the data of this study were the score of reading comprehension test and interest questionnaire. The result of pretest and posttest were analysed by using T-test and ANOVA The result of this study showed that Theme-Based Instruction and Competence-Based Language Teaching to teach reading comprehension to high and low interest students. Theme -Based Instruction was more effective than Competence-Based Language teaching. There was no interaction among Theme-Based instruction, Competence-Based Language Teaching, reading comprehension and students' interest.
Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for milk yield, lactation length, calving interval and body weight in the first lactation of Egyptian buffalo

The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic and phenotypic parameters of milk yield, lactation length, calving interval and body weight at first calving and to study possibilities of genetic improving performance in the first lactation. A total number of 2066 buffalo cows, progeny of 195 sires and 1259 dams, raised at four experimental herds of Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Egypt were used. Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated from multiple-trait animal model using REML procedure where herd, season and year of calving effects and age at calving as a covariate were considered as fixed and animal additive genetic effect as random. Heritability estimates were 0.13, 0.11, 0.06 and 0.23 for milk yield, lactation length, calving interval and body weight at first calving, respectively. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations among studied traits were ranging from -0.21 to 0.79 and from -0.12 to 0.66, respectively. The regression coefficient of genetic and phenotypic values on year of calving for milk yield, calving interval and body weight at first calving, indicated that there were a negligible genetic and phenotypic trends. While, lactation length had a different trend. Generally, the current results showed that the direct genetic selection to improve milk yield based on the first lactation traits is not expected to have a genetic response through a selection scheme in Egyptian buffalo.
Resonant absorption of the slow sausage wave in the slow continuum

Aims. General analytical formulas for the damping rate by resonant absorption of slow sausage modes in the slow (cusp) continuum are derived and the resonant damping of the slow surface mode under photospheric conditions is investigated. Methods. The connection formula across the resonant layer is used to derive the damping rate for the slow sausage mode in the slow continuum by assuming a thin boundary. Results. It is shown that the effect of the resonant damping on the slow surface sausage mode in the slow continuum, which has been underestimated in previous interpretations, could be efficient under magnetic pore conditions. A simplified analytical formula for the damping rate of slow surface mode in the long wavelength limit is derived. This formula can be useful for a rough estimation of the damping rate due to resonant absorption for observational wave damping.
EF-Tu From Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae Is an Immunogenic Surface-Exposed Protein Targeted by Bactericidal Antibodies

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a commensal organism in pre-school children, is an opportunistic pathogen causing respiratory tract infections including acute otitis media. Adults suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are persistently colonized by NTHi. Previous research has suggested that, in some bacterial species, the intracellular elongation factor thermo-unstable (EF-Tu) can moonlight as a surface protein upon host encounter. The aim of this study was to determine whether EF-Tu localizes to the surface of H. influenzae, and if such surface-associated EF-Tu is a target for bactericidal antibodies. Using flow cytometry, transmission immunoelectron microscopy, and epitope mapping, we demonstrated that EF-Tu is exposed at the surface of NTHi, and identified immunodominant epitopes of this protein. Rabbits immunized with whole-cell NTHi produced significantly more immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed against EF-Tu than against the NTHi outer membrane proteins D and F as revealed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Chemical cleavage of NTHi EF-Tu by cyanogen bromide (CNBr) followed by immunoblotting showed that the immunodominant epitopes were located within the central and C-terminal regions of the protein. Peptide epitope mapping by dot blot analysis further revealed four different immunodominant peptide sequences; EF-Tu41−65, EF-Tu161−185, EF-Tu221−245, and EF-Tu281−305. These epitopes were confirmed to be surface-exposed and accessible by peptide-specific antibodies in flow cytometry. We also analyzed whether antibodies raised against NTHi EF-Tu cross-react with other respiratory tract pathogens. Anti-EF-Tu IgG significantly detected EF-Tu on unencapsulated bacteria, including the Gram-negative H. parainfluenzae, H. haemolyticus, Moraxella catarrhalis and various Gram-positive Streptococci of the oral microbiome. In contrast, considerably less EF-Tu was observed at the surface of encapsulated bacteria including H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (e.g., serotype 3 and 4). Removal of the capsule, as exemplified by Hib RM804, resulted in increased EF-Tu surface density. Finally, anti-NTHi EF-Tu IgG promoted complement-dependent bacterial killing of NTHi and other unencapsulated Gram-negative bacteria as well as opsonophagocytosis of Gram-positive bacteria. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that NTHi EF-Tu is surface-exposed and recognized by antibodies mediating host innate immunity against NTHi in addition to other unencapsulated respiratory tract bacteria.