Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glycated hemoglobin, admission blood glucose delta, and associated mortality in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract The importance of glucose metabolism in patients with acute coronary syndrome has been increasingly recognized. We conducted a retrospective study of the associations between prior glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, admission glucose values, HbA1c-derived estimated average glucose levels (eAG), admission glucose delta (admission glucose − eAG), and mortality in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. A total of 676 and 566 patients were included in the in-hospital and 12-month mortality models, respectively. Mean admission blood glucose values were higher in the in-hospital and 12-month mortality groups in patients with no prior diagnosis of diabetes (P < 0.001). Pre, post, and admission HbA1c levels and eAG levels were not associated with in-hospital or 12-month all-cause mortality. The admission glucose delta was higher in patients with in-hospital mortality (87.3 ± 122.7 mg/dL) than in patients who survived (35.88 ± 81.23 mg/dL; P = 0.040). The in-hospital death rate was significantly higher (17% vs 4%, P = 0.017) for patients with admission glucose delta ≥140 mg/dL compared to lower values. In conclusion, HbA1c-derived admission glucose delta is associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The mechanisms for the association of acute hyperglycemia with increased acute coronary syndrome mortality are unclear.
Vaccinium leucanthum SCHLECHTENDAHL FRUIT, A NEW SOURCE OF DIETARY FIBER AND ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS

Vaccinium leucanthum Schltdl. is a tree growing wild in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, and its fruit is a small edible berry known as “cahuiche”. Its physicochemical parameters, nutritional composition, antioxidant compounds (ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins), and antioxidant capacity (ABTS●+, DPPH● and FRAP) were quantified in this work. HPLC-DAD was used to identify phenolic compounds and anthocyanins. The total dietary fiber was 8.36 g/100g fresh weight (f.w.). Total phenolics content was 1,090mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g f.w. and total anthocyanins content was 267 mg equivalents of cyanidin-3-glucoside/100g f.w. Radical scavenging capacity by ABTS●+ and DPPH● were 1,035 and 1,293 μmol of Trolox equivalents/100 g f.w. , respectively. While the assay of FRAP showed 1,558 μmol of Fe2+ equivalents/100 g f.w. Gallic acid was the major phenolic acid and cyanidin-3-glucoside was the most abundant anthocyanin. Cahuiche could be considered as a fruit with functional properties due to its high content in dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity.
The Effectiveness of Hope Therapy on Improving the Elderly Quality of Life

Background: Elderly is an era of life, which affects quality of life; aging changes the thinking ways and reduces the self-confidence. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hope therapy on the elderly quality of life in Mehriz, Yazd in 2016 - 2017. Methods: In this controlled study with pre-test post-test design, the study population consisted of all elderly people who referred to daily care centers of Mehriz. The sample consisted of 24 elderly women in the daily care centers, who were divided into two groups of experimental (n = 12) and awaiting (n = 12). Hope therapy was provided in eight sessions for the experimental group. The instrument used in this research was Quality of Life Scale for the Elderly. Results: The MANOVA results showed a significant difference between the experimental and awaiting groups. In the experimental group, physical function, depression, anxiety, mental performance, and life satisfaction improved, but education did not affect the sex dimension. Hope therapy, was effective on improving the elderly quality of life. Conclusion: The studied training can be used as an effective treatment to improve the elderly quality of life.
Gas-Kinetic Traffic Flow Modeling Including Continuous Driver Behavior Models

A modeling technique is presented that analytically bridges the gap between microscopic behavior of individual drivers and the macroscopic dynamics of traffic flow. The basis of this approach is the (gas-) kinetic or mesoscopic modeling principle that considers the dynamics of traffic density and generalizations thereof as a probability density function of vehicles in different driving states. In contrast to traditional kinetic models, deceleration of individual vehicles due to slower traffic is treated as a continuous adaptive process rather than a discrete event. An analytic procedure is proposed to aggregate arbitrarily refined individual driver behavior to a macroscopic expected acceleration or deceleration of flow as a whole that can be used in macroscopic differential equations for traffic flow. The procedure implicitly accounts for the anisotropy of information flow in traffic, for anticipation behavior of drivers, and for the finite space requirement of vehicles, as long as these properties have been specified at the level of individual driver behavior. The procedure is illustrated for a simple car-following model with overtaking opportunity. The results show that the procedure yields micro-based aggregate traffic flow models that capture the essential properties of traffic dynamics. The techniques presented can contribute to the development of traffic flow models with driver behavior and driver psychology as important explanatory factors of congestion formation and propagation. Moreover, the approach allows building macroscopic traffic flow equations from future traffic flows for which no empirical speed–flow–density relations are available yet.
Young-onset dementia: scoping review of key pointers to diagnostic accuracy

Background Routine psychiatric assessments tailored to older patients are often insufficient to identify the complexity of presentation in younger patients with dementia. Significant overlap between psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative disease means that high rates of prior incorrect psychiatric diagnosis are common. Long delays to diagnosis, misdiagnosis and lack of knowledge from professionals are key concerns. No specific practice guidelines exist for diagnosis of young-onset dementia (YOD). Aims The review evaluates the current evidence about best practice in diagnosis to guide thorough assessment of the complex presentations of YOD with a view to upskilling professionals in the field. Method A comprehensive search of the literature adopting a scoping review methodology was conducted regarding essential elements of diagnosis in YOD, over and above those in current diagnostic criteria for disease subtypes. This methodology was chosen because research in this area is sparse and not amenable to a traditional systematic review. Results The quality of evidence identified is variable with the majority provided from expert opinion and evidence is lacking on some topics. Evidence appears weighted towards diagnosis in frontotemporal dementia and its subtypes and young-onset Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions The literature demonstrates that a clinically rigorous and systematic approach is necessary in order to avoid mis- or underdiagnosis for younger people. The advent of new disease-modifying treatments necessitates clinicians in the field to improve knowledge of new imaging techniques and genetics, with the goal of improving training and practice, and highlights the need for quality indicators and alignment of diagnostic procedures across clinical settings. Declaration of interest None.
Hand Index- A Forensic Tool for Sexual Dimorphism

Introduction: Amongst the various parameters of identification, sex is one of the most important elements. Figuring out hand index from measurement of hand dimensions is a convenient way to determine sexual dimorphism. This study aims to find out sexual dimorphism from hand dimensions, obtain cut off points for male and female and check percentage accuracy of sex determination from hand dimensions in Nepalese population. Methods: The data was collected from 400 asymptomatic, healthy working staffs (229 males & 171 females) above 23 years in the department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology of a tertiary care center of Western Nepal. Measurements of hand length and hand breadth were taken using standard instruments and hand index was calculated therefrom. Results: The mean (+SD) right hand lengths for male and female were found to be 17.87 cm (+0.87) and 16.93cm (+0.58) respectively. The mean (+SD) left hand lengths for male and female were 17.85 cm (+0.86)and 16.97 cm (+0.56)respectively. The average hand breadth for male was 1.00 cm greater for right hand and 0.96 cm greater for left hand as compared to female hand breadth. Differences in length and breadth of hands for both sexes were statistically significant (p<0.001) with no statistically significant difference of hand dimensions in the same sex. Cut off point for right hand index was found to be 42.32 cm and for left hand, 42.30 cm. Conclusion: Hand dimensions and hand index can be reliably used to determine sex in medicolegal cases, especially where isolated hand is obtained.
Multi-Term Approximation to the Boltzmann Transport Equation for Electron Energy Distribution Functions in Nitrogen

MULTI-TERM APPROXIMATION TO THE BOLTZMANN TRANSPORT EQUATION FOR ELECTRON ENERGY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS IN NITROGEN Yue Feng Old Dominion University, 2012 Director: Dr. Ravindra P. Joshi Plasma is currently a hot topic and it has many significant applications due to its composition of both positively and negatively charged particles. The energy distribution function is important in plasma science since it characterizes the ability of the plasma to affect chemical reactions, affect physical outcomes, and drive various applications. The Boltzmann Transport Equation is an important kinetic equation that provides an accurate basis for characterizing the distribution function-both in energy and space. This dissertation research proposes a multi-term approximation to solve the Boltzmann Transport Equation by treating the relaxation process using an expansion of the electron distribution function in Legendre polynomials. The elastic and 29 inelastic cross sections for electron collisions with nitrogen molecules ( N 2 ) and singly ionized nitrogen molecules () have been used in this application of the Boltzmann Transport Equation. Different numerical methods have been considered to compare the results. The numerical methods discussed in this thesis are the implicit time-independent method, the time-dependent Euler method, the time-dependent Runge-Kutta method, and finally the implicit time-dependent relaxation method by generating the 4-way grid with a matrix solver. The results show that the implicit time-dependent relaxation method is the most accurate and stable method for obtaining reliable results. The results were observed to match with the published experimental data rather well. This thesis is dedicated to my parents, Hong Feng and Lujia Jiang, my grandmother, Jufang Fu, and my grandfather, Shenglin Jiang, my uncle, Hong Jiang, and my aunt, Weixin Jiang, for all their unconditional love and support, and for having faith in my abilities.
Pioglitazone discontinuation in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with disease recurrence

Treatment with pioglitazone (PIO) has been shown to be effective, inducing resolution of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with or without diabetes. Moreover, there is evidence that longterm treatment with PIO can even improve liver fibrosis, an accomplishment that most other drugs assessed for treatment of NASH have failed to reach in randomized controlled trials. This places PIO high on the list when deciding treatment for patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (T2D) and NASH. Unfortunately, data regarding the optimal treatment duration and the effects of stopping PIO are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the biochemical changes in patients with NASH discontinuing PIO treatment.
A Key to Neotropical Region Frog-Egg-Feeding Species of Megaselia (Diptera: Phoridae), with a New Species from Panama

A new species of phorid fly, Megaselia randi sp. nov., is described from Panama. Adults of both sexes were reared from eggs of the frog Agalychnis spurrelli Boulenger. A key to the three species of phorid flies so far reared from neotropical frog eggs is given.
Capacity Measurements in a Multicell MIMO System

In future wireless networks, cooperation between the base stations may reduce the effects of intercell interference and enhance the capacity per cell. In this paper, the potential of such cooperation is evaluated using measurements of the information- theoretic channel capacity at 5.2 GHz in 4 overlapping urban macrocells with 5 users. In each link, a 10-transmit 16-receive antenna configuration is used. Results for individual links between terminals and base stations, valid for 60% of the scenarios, indicate that the direct signal has a significant impact on the channel structure. The direct signal contributes two spatial degrees of freedom due to the polarization. Rich scattering is observed when the direct signal is blocked. Results for the multiuser multicell scenario demonstrate for the first time experimentally that the intercell interference leads to an enhanced rank of the joint multiuser multicell channel matrix. Compared to a conventional cellular system, where a fixed assignment of different radio resources is used in adjacent cells in order to avoid the interference, it is better to exploit the interference by cooperation. This enhances the spectral efficiency by a factor of five in our measurement scenario.
A Method of Reduced-Order Modal Computation for Planning Grid Connection of a Large-Scale Wind Farm

For planning the grid connection of a wind farm, small-signal stability needs to be examined to ensure the stability of wind farm as a standalone system. However, for a large-scale wind farm with m wind turbine generators (WTGs), the dimension of state matrix is nm if on average the order of dynamic models of the WTGs is n. Thus, when the number of the WTGs in the wind farm is over several hundred or more, high-dimensional numerical difficulty of modal computation may occur. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method of reduced-order modal computation for the application in planning the grid connection of the large-scale wind farm. Dimensions of matrices involved in the reduced-order modal computation are m and n such that the numerical difficulty of modal computation is effectively avoided. In the paper, the effectiveness of proposed method of reduced-order modal computation is demonstrated and evaluated by an illustrative simple example wind farm and an example large-scale wind farm with 200 WTGs.
Occupancy and abundance of free-roaming cats in a fragmented agricultural ecosystem

Context Free-roaming domestic cats are a widespread invasive species, occurring throughout the globe in urban and rural environments alike. However, robust estimates of cat occupancy and abundance, especially in rural, agricultural landscapes, are largely unknown. Aims To estimate cat occupancy and abundance within forested habitat in a fragmented agricultural region of Indiana, USA. Methods Free-roaming cats in 55 forest patches were captured from 2004 to 2010 to assess the effects of landscape attributes on cat occupancy probabilities. During 2009–10 abundance of cats in each habitat patch was estimated based on natural markings of captured individuals. Key results Across the entire study (2004–10) cats in 50 of the 55 patches were detected, but detections varied temporally and spatially. Average occupancy probability was estimated at Ψ = 0.773 (s.e. = 0.109), and detection probability was estimated as P = 0.204 (s.e. = 0.012). Distance to human structures and forest patch isolation both were found to negatively influence cat occupancy. In total, 57 individual cats were captured in 2009 and 55 in 2010, when unique individuals were distinguished. Across all forest patches, average cat abundance was n = 1.08 in 2009 and n = 0.91 in 2010, ranging from 0 to 7 among sampled patches. Conclusions Overall, the distribution of free-roaming cats across a rural agricultural landscape varied temporally and was associated with proximity to human structures and the proximity of other forest habitat. Similarly, abundance was found to vary spatially and temporally. Implications The findings suggest free-roaming cats are widespread throughout agricultural ecosystems, but their distribution is dynamic and non-random. Additionally, the potential for cats to impact native fauna inhabiting remnant forest patches is high in fragmented agricultural ecosystems due to the concentration of native species utilising these patches. Further research is needed to determine the effects free-roaming cats are having on native species in human-dominated, rural ecosystems, and what conservation measures might be implemented to best mitigate any impacts.
Effect of intercropping, crop geometry and organic manures on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica)

An investigation was conducted at organic research farm, Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to study the effect of intercropping and crop geometry in organic production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) during winters of 2012-14. Three organic manures (FYM, vermicompost and poultry manure) and two spacings, viz. single row (45×45cm) and paired row (30/60×45cm) were taken in main plot and five intercrops, viz. broccoli (CBH-1), beet leaf (HS-23), coriander (Hisar Bhumit), fenugreek (Hisar Suwarna) and radish (HS-1) including sole crop of broccoli as sub-plot. The trial was replicated thrice. The experimental results revealed that sole crop of broccoli with the application of vermicompost in single row spacing (M2S1C1) recorded minimum days to first and 50% harvesting (56.7), maximum number of leaves (28.4), weight of main head (200.2g), girth of head (15.4cm), number of sprouts/plant (9.8), yield of sprouts/plant (400.9g), yield of sprouts (main head + sprouts)/ plant (601.1g), total yield (296.9 q/ha), plant biomass on fresh (1 661 g) and dry weight basis (149.2 g), of broccoli. While plant height (63.45cm) and yield of intercrops (127.1 q/ha) was recorded maximum with the application of vermicompost in double row spacing (M2S2C5) treatment with radish. Among the intercropped treatments, fenugreek intercropped with broccoli recorded maximum yield (287.7 q/ha) in single row spacing.
Prescribing of different antibiotics, rates of bacteremia/septicemia and associated mortality in the US and England, and the utility of antibiotic replacement vs. reduction in prescribing

Background Antibiotic use contributes to the rates of bacteremia, sepsis and associated mortality, particularly through lack of clearance of resistant infections following antibiotic treatment. At the same time, there is limited information on the effects of prescribing of some antibiotics vs. others, of antibiotic replacement and of reduction in prescribing on the rates of severe outcomes associated with bacterial infections. Methods For each of several antibiotic types/classes, we looked at associations (univariate, and multivariable for the US data) between the proportions (state-specific in the US, Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG)-specific in England) of a given antibiotic type/class among all prescribed antibiotics in the outpatient setting, and rates of outcomes (mortality with septicemia, ICD-10 codes A40-41 present on the death certificate in different age groups of adults in the US, and E. coli or MSSA bacteremia in England) per unit of antibiotic prescribing (defined as the rate of outcome divided by the rate of prescribing of all antibiotics). Results In the US, prescribing of penicillins was positively associated with rates of mortality with septicemia for persons aged 75-84y and 85+y between 2014-2015, while multivariable analyses also suggest an association between the percent of individuals aged 50-64y lacking health insurance, as well as the percent of individuals aged 65-84y who are African-American and rates of mortality with septicemia. In England, prescribing of penicillins other than amoxicillin/co-amoxiclav was positively associated with rates of both MSSA and E. coli bacteremia for the period between financial years 2014/15 through 2017/18. Additionally, as time progressed, correlations between prescribing for both trimethoprim and co-amoxiclav and rates of bacteremia in England decreased, while correlations between amoxicillin prescribing and rates of bacteremia increased. Conclusions Our results suggest that prescribing of penicillins is associated with rates of E. coli and MSSA bacteremia in England, and rates of mortality with septicemia in older US adults, which agrees with our earlier findings. Those results, as well as the related epidemiological data suggest that antibiotic replacement rather than reduction in prescribing may be the more effective mechanism for reducing the rates of severe bacterial infections.
Analysis of respiratory models at different levels of exercise, hypercapnia and hypoxia

The purpose of this work is to evaluate characteristics of five respiratory models under different levels of exercise, hypercapnia and hypoxia. Two of them, RS1 and RS2, have permitted the implementation of a respiratory control system much more complex than the other ones. RS1 considers the integration of cardiorespiratory and mechanical systems. The most important difference in RS2 is the presence of respiratory frequency (f) that changes depending on the level of stimulus as it happens in fact. Tidal volume (V/sub T/) vs. f plots which are very interesting for the physiologists are obtained. A comparative study of the steady-state and transient responses between the five models is performed by simulation analyzing some interesting respiratory variables: expired ventilation, V/sub T/, f and arterial CO/sub 2/ and O/sub 2/ pressures. Finally, the influence of f and the ratio between inspiration and expiration intervals is evaluated.
Pose consensus in networks of heterogeneous robots with variable time delays

This paper proposes a novel pose (position and orientation) consensus controller for networks of heterogeneous robots modeled in the operational space. The proposed controller is a distributed proportional plus damping scheme that, with a slight modification, solves both the leader–follower and leaderless consensus problems. A singularity‐free representation, unit quaternion, is used to describe the robots orientation, and the network is represented by an undirected and connected interconnection graph. Furthermore, it is shown that the controller is robust to interconnection variable time delays. Experiments with a network of two 6‐degrees‐of‐freedom robots are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.