Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of a global health nursing program on Vietnamese and South Korean students

This study evaluated the improvement of global health nursing knowledge and attitude of participants in a program developed using a students’ needs assessment about global health nursing competency that was obtained in a previous study. The program comprised a lecture, group work, and field activities based on six global health nursing competence modules over a one-week period. Sixty individuals participated: thirty from South Korea and thirty from Vietnam. A pre-post survey was undertaken to measure knowledge change, and thematic content analysis was used to further understand attitude change. The overall score increased from 21.02 ± 3.36 before the program to 28.10 ± 6.56 after the program, showing a statistically significant difference ( p < .05). The change in the perception of knowledge on the healthcare system was high (from 1.53 ± 0.63 to 3.37 ± 4.23; p < .001), however a difference in perception of knowledge of the functions of the United Nations and World Health Organization was not significant after the program for Vietnam students ( p < .293). Ten sub-themes of thematic content were derived and regrouped into five themes, resulting in three domains: global health competence, global leadership competence, and cultural competence. The global health nursing program grew students’ knowledge and attitudes. Further studies on the long-term program effects are needed to generalize the global health nursing program.
An Overview of the Post-Harvest Grain Storage Practices of Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries

Grain storage loss is a major contributor to post-harvest losses and is one of the main causes of food insecurity for smallholder farmers in developing countries. Thus, the objective of this review is to assess the conventional and emerging grain storage practices for smallholder farmers in developing countries and highlight their most promising features and drawbacks. Smallholder farmers in developing countries use conventional grain storage structures and handling systems such as woven bags or cribs to store grain. However, they are ineffective against mold and insects already present in the grain before storage. Different chemicals are also mixed with grain to improve grain storability. Hermetic storage systems are effective alternatives for grain storage as they have minimal storage losses without using any chemicals. However, hermetic bags are prone to damage and hermetic metal silos are cost-prohibitive to most smallholder farmers in developing countries. Thus, an ideal grain storage system for smallholder farmers should be hermetically sealable, mechanically durable, and cost-effective compared to the conventional storage options. Such a storage system will help reduce grain storage losses, maintain grain quality and contribute to reducing food insecurity for smallholder farmers in developing countries.
Effect of Agrobacterium rhizogenesis on hairy roots induction in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller)

This study was conducted to access the effects of seven Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains i.e. A4, T4, MSU, TCC15834, 2656, Gm1 and R1000, on the hairy root generation from various explants i.e. hypocotyl, cotyledon, root, stem and leaf of Fennel ecotypes (Bonab, Izmir, Esfahan and Moghan). Results of study revealed that induction of hairy root varies with the A. rhizogenes strains and used explants. Among the various tested combinations, highest root induction was recorded form hypocotyl explants using A4 and TCC 15834 (70 and 67%, respectively) strains of A. rhizogenes. Response of explant toward hairy root induction and number of the hairy roots per explant was different and decreased from hypocotyl, leaf and cotyledonary explants, respectively. Among the various tested A. rhizogenes strain, TCC 15834 capable to induced hairy Roots development in all ecotypes but most effectively in Izmir (36.66 ± 0.57) and it was followed by Bonab (32 ± 0.44), Esfahan (30 ± 0.99) and Moghan (16.66 ± 0.79). All transformed hairy root were successfully confirmed by PCR using rolB primers. Further hairy root induction could be proved as an alternative approach for the production of secondary metabolites and its increasing use as model system in metabolic engineering. KEYWORDS
The Determinants of Income Polarization on the Household and Country Level across the EU

A multi-level approach to test for the determinants of income polarization both at the household as well as the country level is applied to a panel of about 300,000 households in EU countries over the period of 2003-2009. Among the policy relevant macro variables, higher progressive labour taxation and to a certain extent capital taxation is positively correlated with lower levels of income polarization. Also public expenditures on social protection, education and economic subsidies are related to a lower degree of polarization. Finally, lower unemployment, a stronger industrial base and more trade openness are also associated with lower levels of polarization.
Seismic velocity anisotropy of phyllosilicate-rich rocks: characteristics inferred from experimental and crack-model studies of biotite-rich schist

SUMMARY Seismic velocity anisotropy of biotite schist (30 per cent-mode biotite) was measured under confining pressures up to 150 MPa. The rock shows weak orthotropy which was altered from transverse isotropy (TI) generated by biotite-preferred orientation. The orthotropy was caused by microfolding in the rock. The velocity increase under confining pressure indicates that most crack planes are aligned parallel to the cleavage planes (silicate sheet) of the oriented biotite minerals. The anisotropy of the rock is basically TI due to both the aligned biotite minerals and cracks, which have a common symmetry axis. We found that other sheet silicate-rich rocks have a similar anisotropy with the biotite schist, in which the TI-type anisotropy is characterized by the slow P- and S-wave velocities along the symmetry axis. This is caused by the preferred orientation of sheet silicate minerals and the extremely slow P- and S-wave velocities along the axis perpendicular to the silicate sheet compared to the directions along the silicate sheet. When rock contains a large percentage of highly oriented sheet silicates, the fast and slow shear waves exchange their polarities at some off-symmetry axis directions, indicating that the qSwave (quasi-S wave) velocity exceeds the SH-wave velocity. The phase velocity distribution of qS wave shows an asymmetry with respect to the angle from the symmetry axis, which is characterized by a bulge in this distribution located near the symmetric axis. This is inherent to most sheet silicate minerals. When crack density of aligned cracks increases, the P-wave velocity along the symmetry axis decreases considerably. The qS-wave phase velocity in the off-axis directions also decreases, in accordance with the decrease of the P velocity along the symmetry axis. The asymmetry of the qS-wave phase velocity distribution increases as the P-wave velocity decreases along the symmetry axis. This relationship can be well understood by means of Berryman’s extended Thomsen approach.
Estimation of Accidental Coincidences in PET

Accidental coincidences are one of the main sources of image degradation in positron emission tomography. It is possible to compensate for their degradation e ects, but an accurate method to estimate the randoms rate is required. Two conventional methods are used for random rate estimation: the singles rate method and the delayed window method. In this work we propose a mathematical model that describes the process of accidental coincidence formation. By using it, we are able to predict the correct number of randoms as well as the estimations provided the singles rate and delayed window methods. The model is used to propose a novel estimation method: the singles-prompt . The aim of this work is to assess the performance of the singles-prompt method and, specially, the model capabilities at several levels. The results agree with all the predictions of the model. In particular, the singles rate and delayed window estimations behave as described by the model and the singles-prompt method estimates the correct number of randoms regardless of the source distribution and total activities.
Re-Assessment of Forest Carbon Balance in Southeast Asia: Policy Implications for REDD+

Southeast Asia is rich in tropical forests and biodiversity but rapid deforestation and forest degradation have accelerated climate change and threatened sustainable development in the region. Carbon emission reductions through reducing deforestation and forest degradation, forest conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+) have been a focal topic of the climate change mitigation since the Bali in 2007. However, only a handful of studies exist so far on this important issue that are suitable to inform the debate with estimates of carbon stocks and emission reductions or removals as a result of REDD+. Our study attempts to analyze the potential emission reductions and removals for a 35-year period under the REDD+ scheme. We start by developing land use change and forest harvesting models that are used to estimate carbon stock changes in natural forests and forest plantations in Southeast Asia. Carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation of natural forests were 1865.1, 1611.4, and 1300.4 TgCO2 year-1, respectively. With a hypothetical carbon project of 35 years beginning from 2015, carbon emission reductions were estimated at 817.6 TgCO2 year-1, of which about 10% was from reducing forest degradation. Carbon removals due to increase of forest plantations were 76.3 TgCO2 year-1 but the removals could be much higher if there is a new definition on the eligibility of forest plantations. Summing up together, about 893.9 TgCO2 of carbon credits could be achieved from implementing carbon project in Southeast Asia or about US $6.6 billion annually between 2015 and 2050 if carbon price in 2012 is used. In addition to reducing emissions, there are other benefits from carbon project implementation. This study suggests that REDD+ has great potential for reducing carbon emissions and enhancing carbon stocks in the forests. Without financial incentives, carbon project would not happen and therefore climate change will continue to threaten future development.
Relationship between Pupils’ Functional Capacity and Physical Activity

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between primary school pupils’ physical activity and their functional capacity. Many people are unaware that health is the most important aspect of any person’s life, and that it is closely associated with movement. In recent decades the number of obese people, children and adolescents has significantly increased. Furthermore, the modern lifestyle of children and young people increasingly lacks movement and participation in outdoor games, and it is prevailingly sedentary (TV, Internet, Play Station .), which can have adverse effects on the development of children’s abilities and skills as well as their health status. The present study included 80 third grade primary school pupils, 43 boys (mean age 9.30 ± 0.46 years) and 37 girls (mean age 9.29 ± 0.47 years). The pupils attended two primary schools in the town of Petrinja, namely the First Primary School and Primary School Dragutin Tadijanovic. The survey was conducted in the school year 2014/2015. The sample of variables consisted of anthropometric measures of body height, weight, upper arm skinfold, back skinfold, and abdominal skinfold. Functional abilities were measured with a 3-minute running test - F3, which is used to assess the level of pupils’ functional ability at the primary education level in the Republic of Croatia. The level of physical activity was estimated with the PAQ- C questionnaire. Based on the obtained results, it is evident that, of the total sample, 60% of pupils have a normal percentage of body fat, while 40% of pupils have excessive body fat. The results of this study indicate a high percentage of pupils who are overweight. Functional capacity was inversely associated with obesity indicators, which means that pupils with high levels of functional capacity have a lower percentage of body fat. School age is the best time to stimulate and exert positive impact on children’s growth and development, especially since the opportunities missed at that age cannot be compensated at later stages of life.
Proposed Framework for Measuring Enterprise Gamification Impact on Employees¡¯ Performance: ABANA Enterprises Group Company Case Study

Gamification is an emerging information system concept that only got popular in 2010 under the human computer interaction sciences. Gamification is rapidly growing thanks to its success in enhancing the user engagement and being positively changing user’s behavior. After acknowledging its role, it has been utilized in different fields of business for both of their customers; the externals and internals (their employees). Previous studies have proved Gamification role in changing external customers’ behavior and achieving the desirable objectives. Unfortunately, no clear results or models have been proved or standardized regarding the internal customers (the employees). The objective of this research is to explore the factors should be taken into consideration when developing or studying a Gamification application in order to enhance employees’ performance.
External job satisfaction factors improving the overall job satisfaction of selected five-star hotel employees

One of the 2011 South African National Tourism Sector Strategy objectives is to "provide excellent people development and decent work within the tourism sector". The hospitality industry is, however, not regarded as a provider of decent work and a close link exists between decent work and job satisfaction. External job satisfaction can be defined as satisfaction relating to the work environment of employees. The purpose of this study was to identify the external job satisfaction factors which contribute to overall job satisfaction of employees in selected five-star hotels. The instrument used to gather the quantitative data was a newly developed index based on the literature review conducted. The empirical study was conducted among 124 employees of four five-star hotels in the Western Cape. All three factors identified (supervision, work environment and work itself) were found to be significantly and positively correlated with overall job satisfaction in five-star hotels in the Western Cape.
The visualisation of the spatiality of Airbnb in Budapest using 3-band raster represeantation

Due to the development of ICT technologies the so-called sharing economy has spread all over the world, gaining significant market share in certain sectors. One of the well-known and debated manifestations of sharing economy is Airbnb, which is an online platform for accommodation provision. Airbnb has wide-spreading effects on rental and real estate markets, thus it is important to analyse the uneven spatial effects of the phenomenon. This paper aims to map and analyse the intra-urban spatial pattern of Airbnb using three indicators: prices, distance from centre, and attractiveness of the area. The case study area is Budapest, Hungary. Collecting data from various sources we compiled 3-band raster maps to present the significance of the selected indicators. The maps reveal the hotspots of Airbnb within the city and the effects of distance and attractiveness on Airbnb prices. Key-words: Airbnb, GIS, Peer-to-peer accommodation, Budapest, Sharing economy.
Implementing a dynamic riparian vegetation model in three European river systems

Riparian ecosystems are required to be preserved to achieve a good ecological status. The Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) specifically supports the assessment of new management tools that allow the European Member States to achieve good ecological status of river‐related ecosystems. Within several approaches, a dynamic riparian vegetation distributed model (CASiMiR‐vegetation), with a time step of 1 year, has been selected as a useful first‐step tool to achieve the Water Framework Directive requirements. The model has been implemented into three river reaches with different climatic and hydrologic settings, located in three European countries. Common bases were established in the model setup. The model was calibrated independently in the Kleblach reach (Drau River, Austria), the Ribeira reach (Odelouca River, Portugal), and the Terde reach (Mijares River, Spain) with simulation periods of 8, 11 and 41 years, respectively. The parameter values and the results were comparable between the different countries. The calibration performance achieved high correctly classified instances (60%). Additionally, weighted kappa values ranged from 0·52 to 0·66 in distinguishing riparian succession phases. The model behaved similarly in the validation, even offering better results in most cases. This work demonstrates the applicability of this model in the simulation of the riparian vegetation dynamic distribution over a wide range of environments. As it performs in a robust manner and with good results in reaches with different hydrological characteristics, the model could be also applied to analyse different hydrological scenarios or to predict changes after restoration measures within a reach. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atmospheric mercury measurements onboard the CARIBIC passenger aircraft

Abstract. Goal of the project CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrumented Container) is to carry out regular and detailed observations of atmospheric composition (particles and gases) at cruising altitudes of passenger aircraft, i.e. at 9–12 km. Mercury has been measured since May 2005 by a modified Tekran instrument (Tekran Model 2537 A analyser, Tekran Inc., Toronto, Canada) during monthly intercontinental flights between Europe and South and North America, Africa, and Asia. Here we describe the instrument modifications, the post-flight processing of the raw instrument signal, and the fractionation experiments.
Effects of Resource‐Island Soils, Competition, and Inoculation with Azospirillum on Survival and Growth of Pachycereus pringlei, the Giant Cactus of the Sonoran Desert

Resource‐island soils formed by some plants in arid lands are capable of supporting certain plants that do not normally establish in surrounding areas free of vegetation. We determined growth responses of Pachycereus pringlei (cardon), the giant columnar cactus, whose widespread, finely branched, subsurface root systems stabilize desert soils, to four soils collected from within or outside of resource islands. Traits of cardon grown in soils from mature (MM) or young (YM) Prosopis articulata (mesquite), mature Olnea testosa (ironwood, MI), or bare areas (BA) were compared, to determine differences between the effects of soils due to the identity or the stage of development of nurse plants. The levels of soil N, P, and C contents were in the order MM> > YM > MI BA. The BA soil had the coarsest and MM soil the finest texture. Cardon was also grown in pot cultures inoculated with the plant‐growth‐promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense, or in association with a competing grass, Sorghum bicolor (sorghum). Competition did not affect survival rates of cardon in any of the soils after six months of growth, but decreased biomass accumulation by up to 90% in the best (MM) soil. Inoculation of cardon seeds with A. brasilense did not affect survival but resulted in significantly better root and shoot growth, and this effect increased linearly as soil nutrients declined. In the best soil (MM), A. brasilense had no effect on cardon growth, but in the poorest soil (BA) shoot dry mass was almost 60% and root length over 100% greater as a result of inoculation, with responses in the other two soils intermediate. This effect did not appear to be owing to N2 fixation, as nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction) was not detected in any of the treatments. Soil formation by selected nurse trees in arid areas is an important factor in plant establishment and growth, and the present results indicate that these processes can be impeded or facilitated by the introduction of competing or beneficial organisms. The use of beneficial microorganisms associated with roots may accelerate the restoration of disturbed areas.
The rootstock effect in the Hungarian watermelon production.

Due to the importance of the subject, the aim of the experiment was to study the quantitative and qualitative changes in response to watermelon grafting. Combinations of watermelon variety 'Bonta' with interspecific hybrid and Lagenaria rootstocks were studied in the experiment. The grafted and non-grafted plants were planted at different row and plant spacing. Fruit number and weight, also yield, have been established. A qualitative analysis followed the harvests. Refractometric value was measured at the beginning of sampling process, using a digital hand refract meter. Total and reducing sugar contents were determined using the LuffSchorl method.
THE EFFECT OF SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ON HEAVY METAL CONTENT

In the natural surroundings tectonical, climatological, dynamic and physico-chemical conditions of sedimentation are the crucial factors in the process of sediment composition formation. Grain size is one of the most investigated reasons of space and temporary variability in heavy metal concentration. In general, the data on grain size measurement afford to appreciate sorption capacity of sediments and arrange them. The dependence heavy metal content on grain size of sediments has been examined in the enormous amount of research works. The main conclusion is that if grain size decreases, metal content increases.We have carried out sediment grain size measurement of two lakes (Chebachje Lake, Piketnoye Lake) located in the South of Western Siberia, Russia. To define grain size of these sediments the sorting of samples collected layer-by-layer has been conducted by nest of sieves (from 43 to 1000 µm). Accomplished examinations allow to state that layer-by-layer grain size measurement of sediments has significant importance in reconstruction of paleoecologic peculiarities and also influences organic and inorganic matter concentrating in the sediments in dynamics.
Predator-prey ratio and guild constancy in a tropical insect community

An analysis of predator-prey ratio and guild constancy was made for 41 099 insects from 31 Acacia tree canopies in north-east Tanzania. A strong proportionality between predator-prey species richness, abundance and biomass was found, with reduced major axis slopes not statistically different from one. Predictions of five existing hypotheses to account for predator-prey ratios were tested: the energy ratio and common determinants of diversity hypotheses were well supported and most likely to explain the pattern reported here. Since predator-prey ratios can be considered a special case of the general guild constancy problem, it was also investigated whether species and biomass shares of guilds differed between six tree species and nine sampling localities. For most guilds no significant differences were found and both energy ratio and common determinants of diversity hypotheses might explain the observed general pattern of resource division in this ecological community.