Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An unified approach for integrating explicit knowledge and learning by example in recurrent networks

The authors propose a novel unified approach for integrating explicit knowledge and learning by example in recurrent networks. The hypothesis is that for a model to be effective, this integration should be as uniform as possible. The authors propose an architecture composed of two cooperating subnets. The first one is designed in order to inject the available explicit knowledge, whereas the second one is learned to allow management of uncertain information. Learning is conceived as a refinement process. The authors report preliminary results for a problem of isolated word recognition to evaluate the proposed model in practice. <<ETX>>
Assessing a web library program for information literacy learning

Purpose – Main goal in this paper is to show the experience of a web-based program in information literacy from different perspectives: students, teachers and librarians. The study focuses on freshmen in business administration. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical research uses a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology. A qualitative study is used to analyse the opinions from teachers and librarians, whereas a quantitative study is developed to study the students' perceptions. Findings – Students find information literacy competencies to be useful and perfectly applicable to their assignments. In this sense, there is no need to provide additional incentives (extra points) for the course. At the light of the work assignments, teachers and librarians suggest that there is a necessity for greater depth in questions of citation and plagiarism. Research limitations/implications – Results have to be interpreted within the context of study. There is a need to use alternative methodologies and acti.
Increasing Associative Learning of Abstract Concepts through Audiovisual Redundancy

In this study, the researcher developed a computer-based learning (CBL) courseware that presented the abstract concept with a concrete analogy through five different versions: 1) static graphic group; 2) static graphic with full audio group; 3) animation group; 4) animation with cued audio group; and 5) animation with full audio group. The participants were 316 college students and were divided into three ability levels based on their IQ reasoning score. Research results found that either static graphics without audio narration or animation with full audio can help students understand the abstract concepts better than either static graphics with full audio or animation alone groups. Animation with full audio has the best effect on long term retention. Students' IQ reasoning ability significantly helps them build associations between abstract and concrete knowledge more accurately and efficiently. The results of this study will contribute to the application of using multimedia CBL in teaching abstract concepts.
Efficient and Robust Reservoir Model Updating Using Ensemble Kalman Filter With Sensitivity-Based Covariance Localization

Recently Ensemble Kalman Filtering (EnKF) has gained increasing attention for history matching and continuous reservoir model updating using data from permanent downhole sensors. It is a sequential Monte-Carlo approach that works with an ensemble of reservoir models. Specifically, the method utilizes cross-covariances between measurements and model parameters estimated from the ensemble. For practical field applications, the ensemble size needs to be kept small for computational efficiency. However, this leads to poor approximations of the cross-covariance matrix, resulting in loss of geologic realism. Specifically, the updated parameter field tends to become scattered with a loss of connectivities of extreme values such as high permeability channels and low permeability barriers, which are of special significance during reservoir characterization. We propose a novel approach to overcome this limitation of the EnKF through a ‘covariance localization’ method that utilizes sensitivities that quantify the influence of model parameters on the observed data. These sensitivities are used in the EnKF to modify the cross-covariance matrix in order to reduce unwanted influences of distant observation points on model parameter updates. In particular, streamline-based analytic sensitivities are easy to compute, require very little extra computational effort and can be obtained using either a finite difference or streamline-based flow simulator. We show that the effect of the covariance localization is to increase the effective ensemble size. But key to the success of the sensitivity-based covariance-localization is its close link to the underlying physics of flow compared to a simple distance-dependent covariance function as used in the past. This flow-relevant conditioning leads to an efficient and robust approach for history matching and continuous reservoir model updating, avoiding much of the problems in traditional EnKF associated with instabilities, parameter overshoots and loss of geologic continuity. We illustrate the power and utility of our approach using both synthetic and field applications.
Differential detection of the OQPSK signal: coding and decoding

The authors consider the differential detection of the OQPSK (offset quadrature phase-shift keying) signal and propose a method for the differential coding of the binary message as well as a suitable decoding technique. It is shown that the coding of OQPSK for differential detection can be done either by double differential encoding of the binary message m(t) before driving the demultiplexer at the transmitter or by differential coding on each channel I(t) and Q(t) obtained by demultiplexing the message m(t). On the receiver side, it is shown that it is possible to use two lines of BPSK (binary PSK) differential detection. Doing so makes possible a decision on the polarity of the received data by simultaneous sampling of the inphase and quadrature channels. Like the minimum shift keying signal, the OQPSK signal can be detected with a delay of one or two bit time duration. <<ETX>>
Where Theory Meets Practice: A Critical Comparison of Research into Identifying Letters and Craft Knowledge of Type Design

ABSTRACT This paper introduces scientific research findings and accounts of skilled design judgement to: (i) develop an interdisciplinary account of what affects our identification of letters when reading; (ii) analyse the relationship between the approaches of psychologists and designers to explaining how we identify letters; (iii) propose ways in which collaboration may work to make psychological research more relevant to typographic practice. The topics reviewed are addressed within each discipline and cover the contribution of letters and words to reading; letter features; essential or structural forms; uniformity within font design; and letter spacing. Analysis of the literature identifies possible means of reconciling different perspectives, points out some anomalies in interpretation of findings and proposes how designers may contribute to research planning and dissemination.
Bifurcations, chaos, and crises in voltage collapse of a model power system

Bifurcations occurring in power system models exhibiting voltage collapse have been the subject of several recent studies. Although such models have been shown to admit a variety of bifurcation phenomena, the view that voltage collapse is triggered by possibly the simplest of these, namely by the (static) saddle node bifurcation of the nominal equilibrium, has been the dominant one. The authors have recently shown that voltage collapse can occur "prior" to the saddle node bifurcation. In the present paper, a new dynamical mechanism for voltage collapse is determined: the boundary crisis of a strange attractor or synonymously a chaotic blue sky bifurcation. This determination is reached for an example power system model akin to one studied in several recent papers. More generally, blue sky bifurcations (not necessarily chaotic) are identified as important mechanisms deserving further consideration in the study of voltage collapse. >
Essays on inflation expectation formation

ing from the household-level, Figure 3.1 shows a high degree of comovement between cross-sectional means of perceptions and expectations. The correlation between the series is 0.89, the root mean squared error (RMSE) is 0.59%. Pronounced deviations are only apparent at the beginning and towards the end of the sample. The absolute deviation attains a maximum in 09/2008, when perceptions exceed expectations by 2.2%. The figure also shows the contemporaneous and 12 months ahead HICP inflation rate. Perceptions and expectations both track contemporaneous HICP inflation quite closely, with the respective correlation coefficients being 0.76 and 0.70. The figure further indicates that expectations are only weakly correlated with 12 months ahead realized HICP inflation: The correlation coefficient is 0.25, the RMSE is 1.07%. Hence, the mean of inflation expectations is more closely related to the mean of inflation perceptions than to the Note that this rise in the mean of perceptions is atypical in the sense that the mean of expectations exceeds the mean of perceptions in 129 out of 154 months. Chapter 3. A Mixture Model of Survey Heterogeneity 68
Handbook of Nonresponse in Household Surveys

Preface. Chapter 1 The Nonresponse Problem. 1.1. Introduction. 1.2. Theory. 1.3. Application. 1.4. Summary. 1.5. Key Terms. 1.6. References. 1.7. Exercises. Chapter 2 Basic Theoretical Concepts. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Theory. 2.3. Application. 2.4. Summary. 2.5. Key Terms. 2.6. References. 2.7. Exercises. Chapter 3 Reducing Nonresponse. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Theory. 3.3. Application. 3.4. Summary. 3.5. Key Terms. 3.6. References. 3.7. Exercises. Chapter 4 Nonresponse and the Mode of Data Collection. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. Theory. 93 4.3. Application. 4.4. Summary. 4.5. Key Terms. 4.6. References. 4.7. Exercises. Chapter 5 Analysis of Nonresponse. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Theory. 5.3. Application. 5.4. Summary. 5.5. Key Terms. 5.6. References. 5.7. Exercises. Chapter 6 An International Comparison of Nonresponse. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Theory. 6.3. Application. 6.4. Summary. 6.5. Key Terms. 6.6. References. 6.7. Exercises. Chapter 7 Nonresponse and Representativity. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Theory. 7.3. Application. 7.4. Summary. 7.5. Key Terms. 7.6. References. 7.7. Exercises. Chapter 8 Weighting Adjustment Techniques. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. Poststratification. 8.3. Linear Weighting. 8.4. Multiplicative Weighting. 8.5. Other Weighting Issues. 8.6. Summary. 8.7. Key Terms. 8.8. References. 8.9. Exercises. Chapter 9 Selection of Auxiliary Variables. 9.1. Introduction. 9.2. Theory. 9.3. Application. 9.4. Summary. 9.5. Key Terms. 9.6. References. 9.7. Exercises. Chapter 10 Re-approaching Nonrespondents. 10.1. Introduction. 10.2. Theory. 10.3. Application. 10.4. Summary. 10.5. Key Terms. 10.6. References. 10.7. Exercises. Chapter 11 The Use of Response Propensities. 11.1. Introduction. 11.2. Theory. 11.3. Application. 11.4. Summary. 11.5. Key Terms. 11.6. References. 11.7. Exercises. Chapter 12 Analysis and Adjustment Accounting for the Cause of Nonresponse. 12.1. Introduction. 12.2. Theory. 12.3. Application. 12.4. Summary. 12.5. Key Terms. 12.6. References. 12.7. Exercises. Chapter 13 Adaptive Survey Designs. 13.1. Introduction. 13.2. Theory. 13.3. Application. 13.4. Summary. 13.5. Key Terms. 13.6. References. 13.7. Exercises. Chapter 14 Item Nonresponse. 14.1. Introduction. 14.2. Theory. 14.3. Application. 14.4. Summary. 14.5. Key Terms. 14.6. References. 14.7. Exercises. Chapter 15 Miscellaneous Topics. 15.1. Introduction. 15.2. Theory. 15.3. Summary. 15.4. Key Terms. 15.5. References. 15.6. Exercises. Index.
Linear Precedence in Morphosyntactic and Semantic Processes in Korean Sentential Processing as Revealed by Event-related Potential

The current study was conducted to examine the temporal and spatial activation sequences related to morphosyntactic, semantic and orthographic-lexical sentences, focusing on the morphological-orthographic and lexical-semantic deviation processes in Korean language processing. The Event-related Potentials (ERPs) of 15 healthy students were adopted to explore the processing of headfinal critical words in a sentential plausibility task. Specifically, it was examined whether the ERP-pattern to orthographic-lexical violation might show linear precedence over other processes, or the presence of additivity across combined processing components. For the morphosyntactic violation, fronto-central LAN followed by P600 was found, while semantic violation elicited N400, as expected. Activation of P600 was distributed in the left frontal and central sites, while N400 appeared even in frontal sites other than the centro-parietal areas. Most importantly, the orthographic-lexical violation process revealed by earlier N2 with fronto-central activity was shown to be complexes of morphological and semantic functions from the same critical word. The present study suggests that there is a linear precedence over the morphological deviation and its lexical semantic processing based on the immediate possibility of lexical information, followed by sentential semantics. Finally, late syntactic integration processes were completed, showing different topographic activation in order of importance of ongoing sentential information.
Of Mice and Men: When Face-to-Face Agricultural Information is Replaced by a Mouse Click

In this article we present and discuss two experiments designed to test the effectiveness of the Internet as a tool of agricultural information. Subjects were cotton producers from Thessaly, Greece. Findings suggest that, in the early stages of an innovation diffusion process, the Internet is more effective than social sources (Experiment 1). However, when urgent situations that force quick decisions occur (Experiment 2), the Internet is significantly less effective than face-to-face communication channels. In both cases, farmers who used the Internet spent more time and devoted extra effort. The experiments proved that agronomists remain the most effective information source. Results also illustrate that Internet adoption is not necessarily synonymous with its use.
An Evaluation of Knowledge Transfer from Microworld Programming to Conventional Programming

Programming microworlds are being used for introducing students to programming for many years. Although many professors and school teachers report positive results from using programming microwords, these results are usually based on anecdotal evidence rather than rigorous empirical evaluation. A question that has not been answered yet with certainty is whether the knowledge acquired in the context of a programming microworld is transferred to a conventional programming language. In an attempt to investigate this issue we used a specially designed middle-term exam and a questionnaire at the end of an undergraduate Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) course. The course uses the programming microworld objectKarel for a short introduction to the most fundamental OOP concepts, and then the environment BlueJ and Java for presenting the real thing. The analysis of students' replies in the questionnaire shows that the introduction to OOP with the microworld helps the vast majority of students to comprehend fundamental concepts of OOP and what is more important is that this knowledge is transferred to Java afterwards. These results are supported by the comparative analysis of students' performance in written exams that took place in the context of two distinct offerings of the course, prior and after the use of the microworld in it.
Effect of Paracetamol administration on the Rat kidney structure: A Morphological Study

Aims: To clarify the nephrotoxic effect of paracetamol in adult male albino rats. Methodology: In this study, fourteen adult male albino rats were divided equally into two groups; Control group and paracetamol-treated group. Kidney specimens were processed for biochemical and histological analysis. Results: Administration of paracetamol revealed a noticeable deterioration of both biochemical and histological changes detected in the paracetamol-treated group. The biological changes were in the form of significant increase in serum urea and creatinine levels. The histological changes markedly affected the tubular system; the proximal and distal convoluted tubules showed marked degeneration, dense nuclear staining, cytoplasmic vacuolization and partial loss of the brush borders. Most tubules were dilated, irregular and filled with hyaline casts. Conclusion: Paracetamol made biochemical and histo-pathological changes in the rats kidneys. These findings revealed that this nephrotoxicity was associated with an increase in oxidative damage and apoptosis.
An evaluation of three diagnostic wind models (CALMET, MCSCIPUF, and SWIFT) with wind data from the Dipole Pride 26 field experiments

This paper describes the evaluation of three diagnostic wind models by direct comparison with wind field data. The models are the California Meteorological Model (CALMET), the Mass Consistent model (MCSCIPUF) associated with the Second Order Closure Integrated Puff (SCIPUFF) transport/dispersion model, and the Stationary Wind Field and Turbulence (SWIFT) model. The evaluation follows previous works by Chang, Franzese & Hanna, who compared the same three models, and by Bradley & Mazzola who evaluated SWIFT coupled with SCIPUFF. As with SWIFT, MCSCIPUF is incorporated in the Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC), while CALMET is linked with the California Puff model (CALPUFF), another transport and dispersion model. The Dipole Pride 26 (DP26) experiments, performed at the US Department of Energy (DOE) Nevada Test Site, are used as the source of the wind data. They provide a comprehensive set of meteorological data with wide‐ranging atmospheric stability conditions over a complex terrain. Model calculations were compared with measured data in two phases. The first phase uses complete sets of data from eight locations (the 8M phase) as model inputs, and thus tests the ability of the models to reproduce input conditions. In the second phase, five of the measured wind sites are withheld from input, and instead used for validation of model calculations (the 3M phase). In the first phase, the errors were found (with some exceptions) to be quite small. In the second phase, mean absolute errors were found to be of the order of 1ms−1 and 30°, with only small differences among models in terms of performance. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society
A Comparison of Indexing Consistency and Coverage in the AEI, ERIC and APAIS Databases

References indexed for the Australian Education Index (AEI) were sampled and compared where possible with the same references indexed for the ERIC and Australian Public Affairs Information Service (APAIS) database. An analysis of coverage of Australian references is presented. Indexing consistency figures for these references are shown to be 22% for ERIC/AEI and 18% for AEI/APAIS. In-depth searches for Australian material in education need to be run against both AEI and APAIS. A broad generic and free text approach is indicated for effective recall.
A circuit design to suppress asymmetrical characteristics in high-density DRAM sense amplifiers

A circuit design technique for suppressing asymmetrical characteristics in a high-density DRAM sense amplifier is discussed, and the effect of drain current imbalances between transistor pairs and the sensitivity of the sense amplifier are studied experimentally. A sense amplifier composed of parallel transistor pairs which have a reversed source and drain arrangement on a wafer is capable of suppressing the asymmetry effects to less than 15 mV in a range of submicrometer gate lengths and of reducing the layout area by about 43% compared with the conventional sense amplifier. >
Brokering and Load-Balancing Mechanism in the Cloud – Revisited

ABSTRACT The demand for cloud computing has greatly increased in the past few years due to the offering of computing as a service form. The vendor-dependent implementation of cloud service providers, cloud interoperability, is an immense concern for cloud users as well as service providers. Another issue is the difficulty of selecting an appropriate provider considering the specific user requirements and a diverse vendor centric approach. Besides the standardization process, one of the most significant current discussions in cloud computing is the cloud-brokering service. Cloud brokering is having a positive impact in choosing an appropriate provider along with the capability to handle cloud-to-cloud communication. From the recent proposals, we re-evaluate the brokering and load-balancing algorithms with a generated workload. This study produced results that corroborate the findings of a great deal of the previous work in this field. The current findings of recent works add to a growing body of literature on cloud-brokering and load-balancing algorithms. In this paper, we revisited existing cloud-brokering algorithms in order to propose a new cloud-brokering architecture with the enhancement of brokering algorithms to improve brokering performance. Another contribution is to identify the best combination of all the proposed algorithms based on the processing time and response time.
Metal ion-induced self-assembly of functionalized 2,6-oligopyridines. 1. Ligand design, synthesis, and characterization

Synthetic sequences utilizing α-oxoketene dithioacetal and enolate chemistry have been developed for the preparation of new functionalized bipyridines, terpyridines, quaterpyridines, quinquepyridines, sexipyridines, septipyridines, octipyridines, novipyridines, and decipyridines. Obtained in moderate to good yields, these oligopyridines were characterized by analytical and spectral data and, for sexipyridine, by X-ray crystallography
What Happens if You Offer a Mobile Option to Your Web Panel? Evidence From a Probability-Based Panel of Internet Users

This article reports from a pilot study that was conducted in a probability-based online panel in the Netherlands. Two parallel surveys were conducted: one in the traditional questionnaire layout of the panel and the other optimized for mobile completion with new software that uses a responsive design (optimizes the layout for the device chosen). The latter questionnaire was optimized for mobile completion, and respondents could choose whether they wanted to complete the survey on their mobile phone or on a regular desktop. Results show that a substantive number of respondents (57%) used their mobile phone for survey completion. No differences were found between mobile and desktop users with regard to break offs, item nonresponse, time to complete the survey, or response effects such as length of answers to an open-ended question and the number of responses in a check-all-that-apply question. A considerable number of respondents gave permission to record their GPS coordinates, which are helpful in defining where the survey was taken. Income, household size, and household composition were found to predict mobile completion. In addition, younger respondents, who typically form a hard-to-reach group, show higher mobile completion rates.