Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor, irisin and cognitive skills of endurance athletes

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the cognitive performance of endurance athletes and its relation with circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and irisin levels. Methods: 26 endurance athletes (14 elite orienteers (mean ± SD: age = 26.33 ± 4.08, body weight = 70.33 ± 4.64, body height = 177.7 ± 6.1), 12 pentathletes (mean ± SD: age = 29.42 ± 5.32, body weight = 74.77 ± 6.59, body height = 180.8 ± 3.8)) and ten sedentary (mean ± SD: age = 27.30 ± 2.06, body weight = 76.65 ± 12.50, body height = 176.9 ± 5.2) men at almost same ages and educational levels participated in this study. Cognitive functions were analyzed with mini-mental-state examination (MMSE) and Isaacs’ Set Test of Verbal Fluency (IST) tests. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), BDNF and irisin levels were measured in the blood samples. Results: The MSSE and IST scores of the endurance athletes were higher than that of the sedentary control group (P < 0.05). Serum IGF-1 levels were higher in the pentathletes (111.18 ± 22.26 ng mL−1) than the orienteers (85.89 ± 19.32 ng mL−1) (P < 0.05). Plasma BDNF (2.78 ± 0.81, 4.28 ± 1.03, and 3.93 ± 0.77 ng mL−1 in the sedentary, orienteers and pentathletes, respectively) and irisin (3.25 ± 0.70, 6.16 ± 0.99, and 6.58 ± 1.09 µg mL−1 in the sedentary, orienteers and pentathletes, respectively) concentrations of the endurance trained athletes were higher than that of the sedentary control group (P < 0.05). Positive correlation between the cognitive function test results and BDNF and irisin concentrations were observed (P < 0.05). There was also a positive correlation between the circulating irisin and BDNF concentrations (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggested that irisin and BDNF levels positively correlated with cognition in the endurance trained athletes.
Impact of head morphology on local brain specific absorption rate from exposure to mobile phone radiation

Among various possible health effects of mobile phone radiation, the risk of inducing cancer has the strongest interest of laymen and health organizations. Recently, the Interphone epidemiological study investigated the association between the estimated Radio Frequency (RF) dose from mobile phones and the risk of developing a brain tumor. Their dosimetric analysis included over 100 phone models but only two homogeneous head phantoms. So, the potential impact of individual morphological features on global and local RF absorption in the brain was not investigated. In this study, we performed detailed dosimetric simulations for 20 head models and quantified the variation of RF dose in different brain regions as a function of head morphology. Head models were exposed to RF fields from generic mobile phones at 835 and 1900 MHz in the “tilted” and “cheek” positions. To evaluate the local RF dose variation, we used and compared two different post‐processing methods, that is, averaging specific absorption rate (SAR) over Talairach regions and over sixteen predefined 1 cm3 cube‐shaped field‐sensors. The results show that the variation in the averaged SAR among the heads can reach up to 16.4 dB at a 1 cm3 cube inside the brain (field‐sensor method) and alternatively up to 15.8 dB in the medulla region (Talairach method). In conclusion, we show head morphology as an important uncertainty source for dosimetric studies of mobile phones. Therefore, any dosimetric analysis dealing with RF dose at a specific region in the brain (e.g., tumor risk analysis) should be based upon real morphology. Bioelectromagnetics. 35:66–76, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Study of Physical Contact in Passing-Under Movements

［目的］本研究の目的は，くぐり動作を用いて，発達障害児と健常児の障害物への身体接触を比較検証することであった。 ［対象］5～6歳の健常児と発達障害児，各9名を対象とした。 ［方法］課題は7種類の遊具と高さの異なる6つのバーを交互に設置したコースを通り抜けることであった。 障害物との接触回避に関する注意喚起を与えない条件，接触回避を与える条件，そして接触回避および早く移動することを促す条件の3条件を設け，それぞれ1試行ずつ行わせた。 ［結果］発達障害児は健常児に比べて，条件に関わらず接触頻度が高かった。 また，発達障害児は腰部の接触頻度が高かった。 ［結語］発達障害児の接触の多さは，注意の欠陥が原因ではないと考えられる。 また，視覚フィードバックを随時利用して，接触しないようにくぐり動作を行うことが困難な状況において身体接触が多いことから，身体特性情報に基づく行為の見積もりの不正確さが，発達障害児の身体接触の多さの原因であることを示唆した。
A Vitronectin Receptor Antagonist Inhibits Neointimal Formation After Balloon Arterial Injury in Rabbits in Vivo

The authors have previously shown that cell-matrix interactions mediated via the matrix protein ligand vitronectin derived from serum and its cell surface αVβ3 integrin receptor regulate migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) in vitro. Arginine-glycine- aspartic acid (RGD) sequence of vitronectin (residues 45 to 47) is the critical domain for interactions. In this study the authors sought to determine whether interference with vitronectin-receptor interaction in the arterial wall would alter development of neoin timal hyperplasia in a rabbit model. After balloon-induced injury of the carotid artery (2 fr Fogarty, three times) vitronectin was observed in the intima and upper third of the media (immunostaining, n= 3). In 6 rabbits the vitronectin receptor antagonist cyclic RGD peptide (1 mM) was locally applied to the injured artery by use of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers (25%). RAD peptide (1 mM, n=6) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer without peptide (n=6) served as an inactive control. At twenty-eight days rabbits were killed, carotid arteries were fixed, and mean intima and media area was determined by computer-assisted planimetry. (continued on next page) (Abstract continued) The mean intima/media ratio in control balloon-injured arteries without peptide was 0.43 ±0.08 (SD). In injured RAD peptide-treated arteries the ratio was 0.39 ±0.09 (P= NS). In injured, cyclic RGD peptide-treated arteries the intima/media ration was 0.14 ±0.02 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in media area in the two groups. These results suggest that (1) vitronectin-vitronectin receptor interaction mediates SMC migration in vivo, and (2) localized application of a vitronectin receptor antagonist to the arterial wall after balloon injury modifies this process and results in a significant reduction in the development of neointimal hyperplasia. Vitronectin-vitronectin receptor interaction may be an additional attractive target for pharmacologic manipulations aimed at limiting restenosis after vascular injury.
Systematic review of injuries in mixed martial arts

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess injury rates in all mixed martial arts (MMA) studies. Methods: Six online databases were searched until November 2017 including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Google/Google Scholar and conference proceedings. All included studies were entered in Pub Med Single Citation Matcher and all citation chains followed. Abstracts and titles were assessed for relevance, data independently abstracted and risk of bias for all competition studies evaluated independently by two reviewers. Results: There are data for 5,374 male and 108 female MMA fighters. For 2407 males the weighted average injury rate/1000Athletic Encounters (AE) was 246.4 and for one study of 108 females 101.9. One study provided data by professional status: professionals 135.5/1000AE and amateurs 71.0/1000AE. Reasons for stopping matches were knockout/technical knockout 173.9/1000AE for males and 175.9/1000AE for females, submission 228.6/1000AE, and referee’s decision 98.2/1000AE. Losers can experience large amounts of trauma especially head trauma as matches terminate. Two studies of competitions provided personally conducted ringside assessments and both pre- and post-match examination results. The other studies reported retrospective assessments of fight records or videos or videos and scorecards. There are no studies of training injuries of professionals or injuries of amateurs or long-term follow-up of musculoskeletal injuries or neurological damage. Studies are limited to the US and Canada. There are no systematic reviews of newspaper or media accounts of fights to assess rates and numbers of injuries or mortality. The few published surveys and case reports markedly understate the worldwide situation. Conclusions: There are high rates of trauma in MMA. The authorities who regulate MMA and referees and physicians who monitor MMA fighters have an inadequate database to guide their work. Researchers need to adopt the same set of complete definitions of all possible injuries and measure the high and early rate of neurological damage.
Active Duty Military Personnel Presenting for Care at a Gay Men's Health Clinic

ABSTRACT Under the “Don't Ask, Don't Tell, Don't Pursue, Don't Harass” Department of Defense policy, gay men and women are allowed to serve in the military, but they are not allowed to disclose their sexual orientation. This study was performed to determine the incidence of active duty military personnel seeking care at a Gay Men's Health Clinic. Nine percent of the clients, who had served between June and August 2002, were active duty U.S. Navy sailors. They all expressed fears of being discharged from the military when asked why they did not access military healthcare. The “DADTDPDH” policy breeds distrust between men who have sex with men (MSM) service-members and their healthcare provider and this ensures inadequate healthcare.
Static magnetic field effects on proteases with fibrinolytic activity produced by Mucor subtilissimus

The influence of a static magnetic field (SMF) on crude enzyme extracts with proteolytic activity is described and discussed. Proteolytic enzymes, which hydrolyze peptide bonds, and fibrinolytic enzymes, which dissolve fibrin clots, have industrial relevance, and applicability dependent on improvements of productivity and activity. We investigated whether a moderate SMF affects proteolysis in different in vitro tests: general proteolysis of azocasein substrate, and static and dynamic fibrinolytic processes (to compare fibrin gel configuration under exposure). Crude enzyme extracts, obtained from solid state fermentation of Mucor subtilissimus UCP (Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil) 1262, were used to carry out assays under slightly heterogeneous fields: a varied vertical SMF (for tests in Eppendorf tubes, from 0.100 to 0.170 T) and a varied horizontal SMF (for tests in Petri dishes, from 0.01 to 0.122 T), generated by two permanent magnets (NdFeB alloy). Results showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in static fibrinolysis assays after 24 h of exposure. The mean diameter of halos of fibrin degradation in the treated group increased by 21% compared to the control group; and the pixel number count of fibrin consumption (in a computational analysis of the area of each halo) enhanced by 30% with exposure. However, in dynamic fibrinolysis assays, no effects of SMF were observed. These results suggest a response of fibrin monomers to the SMF as a possible cause of the observed effects. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:109–120, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reversible oxacillin‐associated hepatitis in a 9‐month‐old boy

Abstract: Herein we present a case of a 9‐month‐old boy admitted to our hospital for acute femoral osteomyelitis and hip septic arthritis treatment. Acute hepatitis with concomitant skin rash developed on the sixth day of intravenous oxacillin therapy. No other known virus‐ or drug‐related skin eruption or hepatitis was suspected. The boy recovered completely after antibiotics were shifted to teicoplanin, and no sequelae were noted. To our knowledge, this boy is the youngest case of reported oxacillin‐related hepatitis in the literatures.
Prevalence of obesity in primary school children living in Alexandria governorate

Objective The aim of the work was to assess the prevalence of obesity among children of primary schools in Alexandria governorate. Background Childhood obesity has more than tripled in the past 30 years. The prevalence of obesity among children aged 6-11 years increased from 6.5% in 1980 to 19.6% in 2008. Participants and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 3500 Egyptian children to calculate prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children at age of 6-12 years living in Alexandria governorate. Four schools from urban areas and two from rural areas including both sexes were selected randomly in this study. They were subjected to physical examination and anthropometric measurements including BMI. Data were expressed in terms of Z- scores using the WHO Z- score cutoff points. Conclusion Pediatric obesity is a prevalent and rapidly increasing problem that poses a serious risk to the health and well-being of the nations' youths. Overweight and obesity were relatively high among age group 6-12 years. It was more common in female individuals than male individuals. It was more common in urban than rural areas. It was common in private schools than in governmental schools. Children of high socioeconomic level were more obese than other children.
“The Priest Obviously Doesn't Know That I'm Gay”: The Religious and Spiritual Journeys of Latino Gay Men

ABSTRACT In the United States, most adults state that religion plays an important role in their lives and claim a religious affiliation. For gay, bisexual, and transgender persons (GBT), the story is unique because their sexual and gender identity is not accepted by most religions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of religiosity in the life course of Latino GBTs raised as Catholics. Data come from 66 life history interviews with Latino GBTs living in Chicago and San Francisco, who grew up as Catholics. We found a religious trajectory that mirrored participants' developmental stages. During childhood, religion was inculcated by the family, culture, and schools. In adolescence, many experienced a conflict between their religion and their GBT identity, and in adulthood, they reached a resolution. Most participants abandoned Catholicism to join other religions or spiritual groups that they perceived to be welcoming. We found participants engaging in a remedial ideological work to reconcile their religious values and their identity.
Chloramphenicol-Associated Blood Dyscrasias: A Review of Cases Submitted to the American Medical Association Registry

Chloramphenicol, an effective broad spectrum antibiotic, was introduced in 1948. Only after three years of extensive use did it become evident that this drug was capable of seriously depressing bone marrow activity in rare recipients. It was in response to the delay in recognizing the toxic potentialities of this drug that the American Medical Association established the Registry on Blood Dyscrasias, hoping, among other things, to recognize such effects early when they occurred for other new drugs. The Registry and its study group have since accumulated data on a large number of drugs, have issued periodic tabulations and resumes of cases submitted, and have authored commentaries on various associated problems.1-5During this period, chloramphenicol has been implicated in more reports to the Registry than has any other single drug. It appeared that useful information could be obtained through a more thorough review of Registry reports. Included in this study
An Exploration of Sexual Minority Stress Across the Lines of Gender and Sexual Identity

Despite growing evidence to suggest that gays, lesbians, and bisexuals experience a range of stressors and consequences related to their sexual minority status, no known studies to date have employed focus group discussion to explore and document their perceptions of sexual minority stress. In this exploratory study, we present focus group data on a range of sexual minority stressors as described by 43 gay men, lesbians, and bisexual men and women. We explore gender and sexual identity differences in the respondents' perceptions of heteronormativity, disclosure issues in different social settings, sources of support, and strategies for coping with stress. Respondents reported that women's same-sex relationships were eroticized and distorted to accommodate heterosexual male desire, while men were negatively depicted as sexually promiscuous and deviant. These differing stereotypes held important consequences for disclosure decisions and affected men's and women's social interactions with heterosexual men. Bisexual respondents reported unique strategies to cope with exclusion and isolation associated with misunderstandings about their sexual identities. Directions for future research on sexual minority stress are discussed.
Sexual Coercion Among Gay and Bisexual Men in Aotearoa/New Zealand

Until recently, sexual coercion among gay men has been regarded as virtually oxymoronic. Discourses of male sexuality as ever-present and driven, and discourses of masculinity that portray men as in control and invulnerable, converge to almost disavow the possibilities that sex could be unwanted by men, or that men could be vulnerable to being pressured into sex against their will. This article reports on interviews with 19 gay and bisexual men about their experiences of forced, coerced, or unwanted sex. We identified four general patterns in these accounts: (1) incidents involving physical force; (2) experiences in which a man's ability to refuse sex was compromised by intoxication; (3) dynamics where young and inexperienced men were coerced or pressured into unwanted sex; and (4) situations in which men felt obligated to engage in unwanted sex. Specific issues included barriers to reporting sexual assault, power dynamics in intergenerational sex, and the difficulty of refusing unwanted sex. Importantly, many of the factors identified as driving sexual coercion relate not to gay sexuality per se, but rather to masculine sexuality. Conversely, some of the factors relating to men's vulnerability to coercion were exacerbated by some features of gay sexual culture; in particular those aspects associated with existing in a marginalized territory within a wider heteronormative context.
Relating dental caries experience with body mass index among Nigerian primary school children: A cross-sectional survey

Objective: To determine the dental caries experience and body mass index (BMI) of primary school children from both public and private schools in Ugbowo, Benin City. Materials and Methods: Primary school children from conveniently selected private and public schools were examined for dental caries and also underwent height and weight measurement for their BMI calculation during the Association of Resident Doctors, University of Benin Teaching Hospital School Health program in December 2010, using the WHO criteria. Results: Of the participants, 3.8% and 5.2% of them were overweight and obese respectively. A total of 33 (15.7%) of the children had dental caries with a mean decayed, missing filled, and teeth (DMFT) of 0.25 ΁ 0.04. The prevalence of untreated caries (decayed teeth [DT]), DMFT were 30 (14.3%), 1 (0.5%), and 2 (1.0%) respectively. DT contributed 90.9% (30/33) of DMFT that for the mean DMFT in underweight children was 0.21 that for the normal weight children were 0.26 that for the overweight children was 0.50 and for the obese children was 0.18. The prevalence of dental caries was the highest among obese participants followed by normal weight, underweight and overweight participants. There was no significant association between BMI, DMFT and caries experience. Conclusion: Dental caries experience among primary school children in Ugbowo is comparable to that reported in other Nigerian Pediatric populations and an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, non-significant association between the BMI and caries experience was noted. Success-oriented oral health promotion should take cognizance of differential prevalence of dental caries in terms of gender and type of school recorded in this study.
Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children

Purpose : The rate of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in children is an indicator of the effectiveness of TB control programs in the community. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DR-TB in children and evaluate TB management. Methods : Between January 1999 and July 2007, drug susceptibility tests for anti-TB drugs were employed for patients aged less than 19 years with culture-positive TB. Results : A total of 607 cases (16.6%) were resistant to at least one anti-TB drug as follows: isoniazid (INH; 13.8%), rifampin (8.9%), pyrazinamide (4.2%), streptomycin (3.7%), ethambutol (EMB; 5.9%), and para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS; 1.9%). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB was found in 276 cases (7.6%); extensive drug resistant (XDR) TB, in 5 cases (0.2%). The rate of resistance to at least one anti-TB drug in children aged >15 years (16.1%) was significantly lower than that in children aged
“Still Looking for My Jonathan”: Gay Black Men's Management of Religious and Sexual Identity Conflicts

This article looks at homosexual Black men who are heavily involved in fundamentalist African-American churches. These men describe themselves as “out as same-sex loving individuals” even though the messages preached by their church leaders and the doctrines of their churches are, at the very least, heterosexist, but more likely to be stridently anti-homosexuality. Not only do these men attend the churches they are parts of, but they are viewed as leaders in these churches in positions ranging from associate pastor to director of facilities management. The study uses structured interviews to understand how these men manage the conflict between a committed gay identity and a strong religious identity that says the two cannot coexist.
The Homoscleromorph sponge Oscarella lobularis, a promising sponge model in evolutionary and developmental biology

Sponges branch basally in the metazoan phylogenetic tree and are believed to be composed of four distinct lineages with still uncertain relationships. Indeed, some molecular studies propose that Homoscleromorpha may be a fourth Sponge lineage, distinct from Demospongiae in which they were traditionally classified. They harbour many features that distinguish them from other sponges and are more evocative of those of the eumetazoans. They are notably the only sponges to possess a basement membrane with collagen IV and specialized cell‐junctions, thus possessing true epithelia. Among Homoscleromorphs, we have chosen Oscarella lobularis as a model species. This common and easily accessible sponge is characterized by relatively simple histology and cell composition, absence of skeleton, and strongly pronounced epithelial structure. In this review, we explore the specific features that make O. lobularis a promising homoscleromorph sponge model for evolutionary and developmental researches.