Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biologia da polinização, reprodução e genética de duas populações de Tibouchina pulchra Cogn. (Melastomataceae) em gradiente altitudinal no sudeste do Brasil

As montanhas apresentam alta diversidade e diferentes condicoes ambientais ao longo de curtas distâncias. Assim, as montanhas sao ideais para estudos ecologicos e evolutivos que podem somar valores e aprimorar projetos de conservacao. Em altitudes elevadas as condicoes ambientais podem reduzir a quantidade de polinizadores, principalmente de abelhas. Desta forma, em especies estritamente melitofilas, caracteristicas como a fenologia, o sistema reprodutivo, o fluxo de polen e a estrutura genetica das populacoes pode variar ao longo do gradiente, uma vez que a transferencia de graos de polen aos estigmas co-especificos tambem varia ao longo do gradiente. No caso de areas de elevada altitude, a transferencia de polen e limitada (limitacao de polen), reduzindo as possibilidades de polinizacao cruzada. O presente estudo tem por objetivo obter informacoes sobre a biologia da polinizacao, reproducao e genetica de duas populacoes de Tibouchina pulchra (Melastomataceae) ocorrentes em duas areas de gradiente altitudinal: Nucleo Santa Virginia (NSV) e Nucleo de Desenvolvimento Picinguaba (NDP) do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar. Foram feitas observacoes mensais para definir padroes e estrategias de floracao, registrar dados sobre a biologia floral e reprodutiva, alem de verificar a riqueza e abundância dos polinizadores e caracterizar as interacoes dessa especie com as abelhas visitantes. Material genetico de 44 individuos do NSV e 45 individuos do NDP foram coletados para o desenvolvimento e caracterizacao de 12 loco microssatelites polimorficos e estes foram utilizados para fazer analises de agrupamento, ordenacao bayesiana e medidas de diversidade genetica nas duas populacoes. Os aspectos da biologia reprodutiva sao diferentes entre as duas areas: na area elevada a florada e mais intensa, a producao de polen e menor, ha limitacao na transferencia de polen, mas a fertilizacao de sementes provindas de polinizacao cruzada manual e maior. Na outra area sao produzidos mais frutos e ha maior riqueza e abundância de polinizadores. Ocorre diferenciacao genetica entre as populacoes, mas com uma interface de contato entre elas, alem de menor diversidade genetica na populacao da area elevada. Estes resultados indicam que a ausencia de polinizadores na regiao de altitude elevada esta associada a diferentes estrategias na biologia floral e reprodutiva para balancear a limitacao de polen. Alem disso, diferentes dinâmicas de fluxo genico mediado pelo polen nas duas populacoes e as caracteristicas de distribuicao e reproducao podem influenciar a estrutura e a diversidade genetica de Tibouchina pulchra ao longo da Serra do Mar. Abstract
Correlation between Anticonvulsant Activity and Inhibitory Action on Glial γ-Aminobutyric Acid Uptake of the Highly Selective Mouse γ-Aminobutyric Acid Transporter 1 Inhibitor 3-Hydroxy-4-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazole and ItsN-Alkylated Analogs

The inhibitory effect of 3-hydroxy-4-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazole (exo-THPO) and its N-methylated (N-methyl-exo-THPO) andN-ethylated (N-ethyl-exo-THPO) analogs, derived from γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-ol (THPO) on GABA transport was investigated using cultured neocortical neurons (GABA-ergic) and astrocytes and cloned mouse GABA transporters GAT1–4 expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Anticonvulsant activity was assessed after i.c. v. administration to Frings audiogenic seizure-susceptible mice. Anticonvulsant activity of theO-pivaloyloxymethyl prodrug ofN-methyl-exo-THPO was assessed after i.p. administration. Results from these studies were compared with those obtained from similar studies with the novel anticonvulsant drug tiagabine, which acts via inhibition of GABA transport.exo-THPO and its N-alkyl analogs inhibited neuronal, astrocytic, and GAT1-mediated GABA transport but not GABA uptake mediated by GAT2–4.N-Methyl-exo-THPO was 8-fold more potent as an inhibitor of astrocytic versus neuronal GABA uptake. The IC50 value for inhibition of GABA uptake by GAT1 closely reflected its IC50 value for inhibition of neuronal uptake. Tiagabine was approximately 1000-fold more potent thanexo-THPO and its alkyl derivatives as an inhibitor of GABA uptake in cultured neural cells and GAT1-expressing HEK 293 cells.exo-THPO, its alkylated analogs, and tiagabine displayed a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of audiogenic seizures after i.c. v. administration. N-Methyl-exo-THPO was the most potent anticonvulsant among the exo-THPO compounds tested and only slightly less potent than tiagabine. The findings suggest a correlation between anticonvulsant efficacy and selective inhibition of astroglial GABA uptake. Furthermore, results obtained with the N-methyl-exo-THPO prodrug demonstrate the feasibility of developing a glial-selective GABA uptake inhibitor with systemic bioavailability.
Comprehending Web applications by a clustering based approach

The number and complexity of Web applications are increasing dramatically to satisfy market needs, and the need of effective approaches for comprehending them is growing accordingly. Recently, reverse engineering methods and tools have been proposed to support the comprehension of a Web application; the information recovered by these tools is usually rendered in graphical representations. However, the graphical representations become progressively less useful with large-scale applications, and do not support adequately the comprehension of the application. To overcome this limitation, we propose an approach based on a clustering method for decomposing a Web application (WA) into groups of functionally related components. The approach is based on the definition of a coupling measure between interconnected components of the WA that takes into account both the typology and topology of the connections. The coupling measure is exploited by a clustering algorithm that produces a hierarchy of clustering. This hierarchy allows a structured approach for comprehension of the Web application to be carried out. The approach has been experimented with medium sized Web applications and produced interesting and encouraging results.
Demonstration of the Normal Extrahepatic Biliary Tract with Computed Tomography

When optimum computed tomography (CT) technique and computed angiotomography are utilized, the normal extrahepatic biliary ducts (equal to or less than 6 mm in diameter in patients without cholecystectomy) can be demonstrated in approximately 30% of clinical scans. Measurement of the anteroposterior diameter of the bile duct is more accurate than recording the transverse diameter, since the apparent transverse dimension will vary depending on the orientation of the duct in the plane of section. Phantom studies indicate that the absolute error of measurement is approximately one pixel diameter irrespective of duct diameter. The normal and abnormally dilated extrahepatic biliary ducts should be distinguished with CT.
Family functioning and illness perception of parents of children with atopic dermatitis, living without skin symptoms, but with psychosomatic symptoms.

Emotional factors and a recurrent psychosomatic environment, have been implicated in the evolution of atopic dermatitis. These, in turn, affect the disease. This study was under taken to evaluate the functioning of families with a child that has atopic dermatitis without skin symptoms and the parents' perceptions of their child's disease.Semi-quantitative and cross-sectional study in which questionnaires were applied: one to study family functioning (Espejel et al. scale) and the second to determine aspects of parental perception of their child's atopic dermatitis. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the categories of the Family Function Scale.The most affected categories of family functioning were authority, handling of disruptive conduct, communication, and negative affect. The most significant positive correlations between the categories of family functioning were: authority and support, r=0.867, p<. 001; disruptive conduct and communication, r=0.798, p<. 001; and support and communication, r=0.731, p<. 001. Of the parents, 66.4% thought that the pharmacotherapy used for their child's atopic dermatitis was not effective, and 33.3% of parents stated that the disease had affected their child's daily activities.In families of children with atopic dermatitis, various family environment factors facilitate the recurrence of symptoms even when no cutaneous lesions have been found on the child. The identification and use of family resources to face this disease are aspects that should be taken into consideration during the psychotherapeutic management of these families, putting emphasis on the most affected functional categories of these families in a strategy that should be implanted in a multi-disciplinary context.
Treatment and Management Outcomes of Tibial Eminence Fractures in Pediatric Patients

Background: Tibial eminence fractures are rare but occur more frequently in children and adolescents. There are a variety of methods to surgically treat these fractures, but surgeons disagree about the optimal method of reduction and fixation. Hypotheses: Regarding clinical results and complications after treatment in children and adolescent patients with tibial eminence fractures, the authors hypothesize that (1) there is no difference between reduction and fixation with screws versus sutures, (2) there is no difference in arthroscopic versus open reduction and fixation, and (3) outcomes are better in patients with minimally displaced (types I and II) versus completely displaced (types III and IV) fractures. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed studying the treatment of tibial eminence fractures in children and adolescents to determine clinical results, functional outcomes, and complications. A meta-analytic technique on observational studies was used to compare outcomes when sufficient data were available. Results: The review identified 26 articles with extractable clinical results and data on complications: 1 level 3 article and 25 level 4 articles. Ten of 580 tibial eminence fractures identified in the literature had nonunion, with 60% of nonunions occurring in type III fractures treated by nonoperative modalities. Appreciable healing was noted for both open and arthroscopic fixation techniques as well as patients treated by screw or suture fixation. Laxity (P < .001) and loss of range of motion (P = .009) occurred significantly less after the treatment of minimally displaced fractures (types I and II). Conclusion: The level of evidence supporting various treatments of tibial eminence fractures in children and adolescents is low. There is insufficient evidence to conclude the superiority of open versus arthroscopic fixation or screw versus suture fixation techniques. Nonoperative treatment of completely displaced tibial eminence fractures results in higher rates of nonunion. Type III and IV fractures heal with greater laxity and greater loss of range of motion after treatment. Higher level studies are necessary to determine the optimal method of fixation for tibial eminence fractures.
PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS AND ITS RISK FACTORS IN TANGAIL REGION OF BANGLADESH

Anemia is a significant public health problem in Bangladesh especially in developing countries, affecting the lives of many children, adolescents and women every year. Over the last four decades, data on the prevalence of anemia indicated high in adolescents, without any trend for improvement. Thus the Author undertakes to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and its associated risk factors among adolescent girls. A cross sectional survey was conducted among adolescent girls selected purposively from different non government High School. Hematological parameters, Body Mass Index (BMI), Socioeconomic, demographic and related risk factors were obtained by a well defined questionnaire and appropriate biochemical method. There were 17.5% girls were suffering from iron deficiency anemia. Among them 0.8% severe, 5.8% moderate and 10.9% were mild anemic. In this study 31.82% and 9.21% found anemic in joint and nuclear family. Most of anemic patients found in the family whose family member more than 8. About 66.67 % anemic adolescents were identified whose family’s monthly income less than 6000 TK. About 23.08% anemic respondent’s parents were illiterate. There was a strong relationship between BMI (Body Mass Index) and anemia. The P value of the association was 0.038 is statistically significant. Most of the respondents about 85.8% had no idea about iron deficiency anemia. Most of the anemic were found 5 days or more menstrual blood flow. All the anemic girls usually intake 5.21 mg irons per day that is not available to meet the daily requirement. So it is essential to increase awareness about taking more iron during adolescent period to reduce the prevalence of anemia.
Methadone treatment during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE To review the literature on methadone use by pregnant women. DATA SOURCES A search was conducted on CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PSYCHINFO under "pregnancy" and "methadone. " STUDY SELECTION Articles published between 1988-1998 were reviewed and chosen based upon relevance to the objective. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted and organized under the following headings: effects of methadone on pregnancy outcome, management of the pregnant woman on methadone, and implications of social and political policies for pregnant women who use opiates. DATA SYNTHESIS Methadone treatment is most effective for pregnant women who receive care in a comprehensive service center. Few systematic investigations exist concerning methadone maintenance during pregnancy, thus no formal guidelines for management exist. Changes in federal policies for drug treatment and welfare regulations will challenge health care professionals who provide treatment for opiate-dependent pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with methadone is the standard of care for the opiate-using pregnant woman, despite findings challenging its benefits and efficacy in women who continue to use illicit drugs.
An ECG compression technique for telecardiology application

An offline ECG compression technique, based on encoding of successive sample differences is proposed. The encoded elements are generated through four stages, viz., down sampling of raw samples, normalization of successive sample differences; data grouping; magnitude and sign encoding; and finally zero element compression. Initially, the compression algorithm is validated with short duration raw ECG samples from PTB database under Physionet. MATLAB simulation results using ptb-db data with 8-bit quantization results a compression ratio (CR) of 9.02 and percentage root mean square difference (PRD) of 2.51. With mit-db these figures are 4.68 and 0.739 respectively. The algorithm is presently being implemented in a wireless telecardiology system using a standalone embedded system.
Glucocorticoid receptor‐mediated reduction of IgG‐fusion protein aggregation in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Formation of high molecular weight (HMW) species is a common issue encountered during manufacture of protein therapeutics. With advanced purification techniques, efficient removal of protein aggregates is no longer a challenging task, but it is important to minimize protein aggregation level at the culture stage to reduce the downstream burden and improve overall process yield. In this regard, our recent effort on medium optimization has led us to unexpectedly discover that glucocorticoids can significantly reduce the formation of HMW species in IgG‐fusion protein produced by CHO cells. First, the effectiveness of dexamethasone can be seen at nanomolar concentrations, which allows this glucocorticoid analog to be a cost‐efficient chemical for reducing protein aggregation in cell cultures. Second, this reduction is mediated through glucocorticoid receptors (GR) as it is antagonized by GR antagonist RU486. Third, GR activation upregulates expression of glutathione reductase but not protein disulfide‐isomerase, which may help with providing a balanced redox condition in the cells. Last, the beneficial effect of dexamethasone is not limited to one cell line, and it can be repeated in a different cell line, indicating that glucocorticoids are also applicable to other DG44 cell lines for reducing protein aggregation. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 2010
[Neuropsychology of memory].

Do you ever know the book? Yeah, this is a very interesting book to read. As we told previously, reading is not kind of obligation activity to do when we have to obligate. Reading should be a habit, a good habit. By reading, you can open the new world and get the power from the world. Everything can be gained through the book. Well in brief, book is very powerful. As what we offer you right here, this neuropsychology of memory is as one of reading book for you.
Natural convection type solar dryer with latent heat storage

Natural convection type solar dryer with latent heat storage” for drying of ginger was developed. The dryer consisted of 2 sq. m solar collector area, 0.8 m2 of drying chamber and 0.0060 m3 paraffin wax thermal storage volume. During no load test, maximum temperature attained at the end of collector and drying chamber inlet was 1020C and 610C respectively at peak radiation of 870 W/m2. The full load performance of the system was evaluated with Ginger. The Ginger dried from moisture content (w.b.) of 74 per cent to 3 per cent in 24 hour. The average daily drying efficiency was found to be 12.4 per cent. During the no load test the collector efficiency varied in the range of 53 to 96 per cent and full load test in the range of 40 to 55 per cent. And back up period 2 hours. The overall thermal efficiency of the solar dryer was found to be 22.7 per cent.
Factors influencing quality of life for people with dementia: A qualitative perspective

Objectives: An exploration and understanding of quality of life (QOL) can help to enhance understanding and respect for people with dementia and assist in improving care and treatment of this population. This study sought to understand the factors that influence QOL for people living with dementia in long-term care (LTC), including an understanding of how they perceived they were valued. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 32 older people with dementia from one service provider and across four large care settings, in two Australian states. Results: While these residents were either satisfied or dissatisfied with elements of their life, the factors influencing a positive QOL were related to their relationship with family and other people, and ‘things’ such as needing some control over their life and, more importantly, needing to contribute to their community. Participants reported feeling of little use and therefore of limited value to society. Conclusion: This study proposes a need to understand how relationships might be maintained and strengthened following a move into LTC and highlights the importance of control and its influence on feeling valued.
Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Trials

Abstract : This project is focused on novel tumor vaccines directed at MUC1 and other tumor antigens. Our specific aims are: 1)To assess the effectiveness of vaccines against MUC1 and other tumor antigens in the prevention and treatment of spontaneous breast carcinomas in mice; 2)To translate an effective vaccine strategy into a phase I clinical trial in patients with undetectable disease following standard therapy. The model of spontaneous mammary cancer is the MUC1-expressing polyoma middle T antigen mice (MMT). We have tested five vaccines in the preclinical mouse model and all elicited a strong immune response. The vaccine using MUC1 class I binding peptides prevented MUC1-expressing tumor growth. We have designed the Phase I clinical trial using a peptide vaccine comprised of MUC1 and HER-2/neu MHC class I peptides and HER-2/neu MHC class II peptide with unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and GM-CSF as adjuvants. The clinical trial has been unanimously approved by the Mayo Institutional Review Board (IRB 582-05) following receipt of FDA approval (BB-IND 12155). The peptides have been synthesized and vialed. It is a phase I trial testing MUC1 and HER-2/neu class I and class II peptides with CpG ODN and GM-CSF adjuvants in breast cancer patients free of disease. The amended clinical trial documents, which have been accepted by Colonel Brosch of the HSRRB on July 24, 2006, have been submitted to the Mayo IRB for approval. Approval should be forthcoming shortly. The approval notice and the documents reviewed and approved by the Mayo IRB will then be resubmitted to the HSRRB in order to obtain an Approval Memorandum prior to opening the clinical trial.
Structural and Functional Consequences of Cleavage of Human Secretory and Human Serum Immunoglobulin A1 by Proteinases from Proteusmirabilis and Neisseriameningitidis

ABSTRACT The cleavage of human serum monomeric immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) and human secretory IgA1 (S-IgA1) by IgA1 proteinase of Neisseriameningitidis and cleavage by the proteinase from Proteusmirabilis have been compared. For serum IgA1, both proteinases cleaved only the α chain. N. meningitidis proteinase cleaved only in the hinge. P. mirabilis proteinase sequentially removed the tailpiece, the CH3 domain, and the CH2 domain. The cleavage of S-IgA1 by N. meningitidis proteinase occurred only in the hinge and was as rapid as that of serum IgA1. P. mirabilis proteinase predominantly cleaved the secretory component (SC) of S-IgA1. The SC of S-IgA1, whether cleaved or not, appeared to protect the α1 chain. Purified Fc fragment derived from the cleavage of serum IgA1 by N. meningitidis proteinase stimulated a respiratory burst in neutrophils through Fcα receptors, whereas the (Fcα1)2-SC fragment from digested S-IgA1 did not. The loss of the tailpiece from serum IgA1 treated with P. mirabilis proteinase had little effect, but the loss of the CH3 domain was concurrent with a rapid loss in the ability to bind to Fcα receptors. S-IgA1 treated with P. mirabilis proteinase under the same conditions retained the ability to bind to Fcα receptors. The results are consistent with the Fcα receptor binding site being at the CH2-CH3 interface. These data shed further light on the structure of S-IgA1 and indicate that the binding site for the Fcα receptor in S-IgA is protected by SC, thus prolonging its ability to activate phagocytic cells at the mucosal surface.
Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents one of the most complicated and heterogeneous pathological processes of central nervous system (CNS) impairments, which is still beyond functional regeneration. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to promote the repair of the injured spinal cord tissues in animal models, and therefore, there is much interest in the clinical use of these cells. However, many questions which are essential to improve the therapy effects remain unanswered. For instance, the functional roles and related molecular regulatory mechanisms of MSCs in vivo are not yet completely determined. It is important for transplanted cells to migrate into the injured tissue, to survive and undergo neural differentiation, or to play neural protection roles by various mechanisms after SCI. In this review, we will focus on some of the recent knowledge about the biological behavior and function of MSCs in SCI. Meanwhile, we highlight the function of biomaterials to direct the behavior of MSCs based on our series of work on silk fibroin biomaterials and attempt to emphasize combinational strategies such as tissue engineering for functional improvement of SCI.