Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences in belief-consistent and belief-inconsistent learning in traditional college students

Beliefs, described as adaptive mechanisms that frame experiences and shield against problems or criticism, impact learning and behavior. With maturation, adolescents and emergent adults are increasingly able to learn information inconsistent with their perspective, analytically and with deliberation. We hypothesized that upper-division traditional college-aged students should be more effective learning belief-inconsistent information relative to first-year college students. In three studies comparing first-year and upper-class traditional college aged students, participants read information about political issues, rated their opinion, and answered questions about issues. Results indicated that older students learned information contrary to their perspective better than consistent information, whereas two studies showed that first-years demonstrated better learning of information consistent with their beliefs. This suggests older students have better ability to control analytical reasoning. Over the span of only a few years, young adults provided age-related behavioral evidence of more complex comprehension and thinking. Our data suggests that experience and/or maturation can decrease the restrictive filter beliefs may have on learning. : learning, beliefs, adolescence, emergent adults, political reasoning
Spatial Distribution, Genetic Diversity and Food Choice of Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis) in Croatia

Increasing trade between continents has facilitated intentional and unintentional movement of insect species beyond their natural range [1, 2]. Trade in live ornamental plants is one of the main pathways of the introduction of non-native arthropods to Europe and among them insect pests [3, 4]. An increasing number of these alien pests originates from Asia [1]. Box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis Walker, 1859; Lepidoptera, Crambidae) (BTM) is one of the recent introductions of non-native (alien) insect pests to Europe [5]. It is native to East Asia [6] and in Europe it was first recorded in the Netherlands and Germany in 2007 [5, 7]. It is assumed that it was introduced to Europe with infested European box plants and since then it has rapidly spread to most European countries and the Caucasus region with further trade of infested plants [6 ̧ 8]. BTM larvae feed on Buxus sp. and cause complete defoliation and plant death [6]. The damage it causes is substantial since European box is widely used as popular ornamental plant in public and private gardens, historical aBSTraCT
Social influence and student choice of higher education institution

This conceptual paper discusses changes in higher education sector, growing competition as a result of new private education providers and the adoption of student-as-customer perspective in recruitment and marketing of higher education institutions. The paper reviews numerous models of student choice and identifies inconsistencies in the role of social factors in the student choice. These inconsistencies are of special importance in current higher education landscape and growing prominence of peer-to-peer communication via social media. Consequently, a thorough understanding of influences that effect student choice of higher education institution is imperative. This conceptual paper puts forward a conceptual framework that integrates Kelman’s processes of social influence and Cialdini-Goldstein’s goals that underpin the acceptance of that influence to examine the effects social context has on student choice of higher education institution.
Hyperspectral Image Unmixing With Endmember Bundles and Group Sparsity Inducing Mixed Norms

Hyperspectral images provide much more information than conventional imaging techniques, allowing a precise identification of the materials in the observed scene, but because of the limited spatial resolution, the observations are usually mixtures of the contributions of several materials. The spectral unmixing problem aims at recovering the spectra of the pure materials of the scene (endmembers), along with their proportions (abundances) in each pixel. In order to deal with the intra-class variability of the materials and the induced spectral variability of the endmembers, several spectra per material, constituting endmember bundles, can be considered. However, the usual abundance estimation techniques do not take advantage of the particular structure of these bundles, organized into groups of spectra. In this paper, we propose to use group sparsity by introducing mixed norms in the abundance estimation optimization problem. In particular, we propose a new penalty, which simultaneously enforces group and within-group sparsity, to the cost of being nonconvex. All the proposed penalties are compatible with the abundance sum-to-one constraint, which is not the case with traditional sparse regression. We show on simulated and real datasets that well-chosen penalties can significantly improve the unmixing performance compared to classical sparse regression techniques or to the naive bundle approach.
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CORPORATE MEETING PLANNER'S PERSONALITY TRAITS AND THEIR CHOICES OF MEETING PLACES

This study is to determine the influence of personality on the novelty preference for corporate meeting destination choice. The Big-Five model of personality which consists of five traits namely openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism was employed to operationalise the personality construct. A total of 75 corporate meeting planners drawn from public listed service organisations were involved. The main method of data collection was questionnaire survey and multiple regression analysis was employed as the main statistical analysis. The results revealed that only openness (positively) and agreeableness (negatively) contributed significantly to the prediction of novelty preference for corporate meeting destination choice. This study, which also seeks to determine the relationships between some demographical variables and novelty preference, found that demographical information is not a good predictor of meeting destination choice. The main implication of this study is pertaining to the segmentation and targeting of the corporate meeting market. This study also helps in bridging the gap between tourism marketing and organisational research.
Hinode SOT/SP and SoHO/MDI quiet Sun magnetic field. Implications of their differences on the extrapolated chromospheric field and the height of the magnetic canopy

Aims. We explore the differences in the measurement of the magnetic field of the quiet solar photosphere provided by the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) onboard SoHO and the SpectroPolarimeter (SOT/SP) onboard Hinode and the ensuing implications for the extrapolated chromospheric magnetic field and the determination of the location of the magnetic canopy. Methods. We employ potential field extrapolation to reconstruct the chromospheric magnetic field using the magnetic field of the photosphere provided by the two instruments. We also calculate the plasma-β parameter using the VAL C model atmosphere of the quiet Sun to determine the height of the magnetic canopy. Results. MDI underestimates the magnetic field of the quiet Sun sometimes by a factor of five, which leads to an overestimation of the height of the magnetic canopy by up to ∼550km. Although the overall magnetic field configuration does not differ significantly when calculated with either MDI or SOT/SP, the data of the latter lead to lower and more extended canopies. The difference in the resolution of the two instruments does not seem to affect the chromospheric magnetic field higher than 1000km. Conclusions. The height of the magnetic canopy is an important parameter to consider when investigating wave propagation and the oscillatory properties of the quiet Sun regions in the network and internetwork. The canopy height’s derivation depends very much on the sensitivity of the instruments used to measure the photospheric magnetic field. Consequently precise measurements of the photospheric magnetic field are crucial to accurately reconstruct the chromospheric magnetic field and to distinguish between the various wave modes.
Clinical Benefits of Microscopically Complete Resection in Controlling Local Recurrence of Single Brain Metastasis

Objective:The influence on therapeutic outcomes of wide surgical resection of brain metastasis (BM) including tumor cells that microscopically infiltrate adjacent brain parenchyma, with clean surgical margins confirmed by intraoperative margin biopsy is not known. This study was carried out to clarify the therapeutic impact of these resections. Methods: From June 2002 to April 2014, 90 patients (66 men and 24 women; mean age: 56.7 years) underwent surgical resection for BM. In 47 patients (group A), we undertook microscopically complete resection, including microscopic infiltrative tumor cells adjacent to the brain parenchyma, with pathologically clean surgical margins confirmed during surgery for BMs in a noneloquent area. In 43 patients (group B), we undertook gross complete resection without removal of neighboring brain parenchyma due to eloquent location. The two groups were compared for survival, and local and distant recurrence. Results:Mean follow-up duration was 18.6 months; 71 patients (78.9%) died during follow-up. Median survival was 13.1 months in group A and 12.1 months in group B (p=0.309). One-year and two-year local recurrence were 21.2% and 25.8%, respectively, in group A, and 65.2% for both in group B (p=0.000). One-year and two-year distant recurrence rates were 46.3% and 57.2% in group A, respectively, and 33.2% for both in group B(p=0.140). Conclusion: These results suggested that wide surgical resection of BM including tumor cells infiltrating adjacent brain parenchyma with confirmed clean surgical marginsresulted in better local control.
Is turbulence in the interstellar medium driven by feedback or gravity? An observational test

Galaxies' interstellar media (ISM) are observed to be supersonically turbulent, but the ultimate power source that drives turbulent motion remains uncertain. The two dominant models are that the turbulence is driven by star formation feedback and/or that it is produced by gravitational instability in the gas. Here we show that, while both models predict that the galaxies' ISM velocity dispersions will be positively correlated with their star formation rates, the forms of the correlation predicted by these two models are subtly but measurably different. A feedback-driven origin for the turbulence predicts a velocity dispersion that rises more sharply with star formation rate, and that does not depend on the gas fraction (i.e. M˙* ∝ σ2), while a gravity-driven model yields a shallower rise and a strong dependence on gas fraction (i.e. M˙* ∝ f2 gσ). We compare the models to a collection of data on local and high-redshift galaxies culled from the literature, and show that the correlation expected for gravity-driven turbulence is a better match to the observations than a feedback-driven model. This suggests that gravity is the ultimate source of ISM turbulence, at least in the rapidly star-forming, high-velocity dispersion galaxies for which our test is most effective. We conclude by discussing the limitations of the present data set, and the prospects for future measurements to enable a more definitive test of the two models.
Customer experience with farmers’ markets: what hashtags can reveal

Social media networks are increasing in popularity and have been integrated into many aspects of daily life. Analysis of the ways in which individuals use social media is important for understanding social, cultural, and environmental issues. This study examines experiences of farmers’ market customers through their self-expression on social networks. Contributions to the Instagram social network based on the #farmersmarket hashtag were gathered on a single day, yielding 19,398 contributions created by 13,862 users. Six major linked hashtags were identified (#Organic, #Fresh, #Food, #Local, #Vegan, and #Healthy), providing key indicators of the characteristics of farmers’ markets that are valued by customers. Four customer segments were identified: Product Oriented, Emotional Oriented, Social Oriented, and Product-Social Oriented, with strong interconnections identified between these communities. The results of this study provide insights into consumer values and behaviors in the farmers’ market context and will be of practical use for future marketing and management.
Sensibilidad y especificidad de PCR anidada y Spoligotyping como pruebas rápidas de diagnóstico de tuberculosis bovina en tejido fresco

Quick diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle is critical to decide whether or not to quarantine or depopulate a herd. Currently, decisions are based on culture, which takes between four and eight weeks to accomplish. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate relative sensitivity and specificity of two PCR´s (MPB70 and IS6110) and spoligotyping as quick diagnostic tests for cattle tuberculosis in fresh tissue.
Detecting security related code by using software architecture

This thesis looks into automatic detection of security related code in order to eliminate this problem. Since manual code detection is tiresome and introduces human error we need a more efficient way of doing it. We explore code detection by using software architecture and code metrics to extract information about the code and then using this information with machine learning algorithms. By extracting code metrics and combining them with Wirfs-Brocks class roles we show that it is possible to detect security related code. We conclude that in order to achieve much better detection accuracy we need to use different kind of methods. This could be software architecture pattern detection to extract additional information.
Using Linguistic Ethnography to Study Techno Eliteness of Social Media Audiences

In this chapter, we offer a methodological framework for an in-depth study on ‘techno elite’ audiences. Elite research usually looks into the relationships between those who rule and those who are ruled, the social characteristics of those who exercise power, the relations between elites and society, elite recruitment and elite circulation (cf. Aron, 1950a, 1950b; Putnam, 1976). A social analysis of elites in an era profoundly shaped by digital technologies is timely and vital to update existing understanding of power relationships and societal structures in relation to media content production and consumption. Traditionally, research methodology for elite studies is based on static social categories fixated in sectors, organizations and positions. As argued by many scholars in elite, intellectual, and class studies, it is difficult to define who the elites are given the fuzziness and overloaded meanings of the term and the increasingly convergent media industries. The notion of “elites”, argued Kidd and Nicholls (1998), just like those of “middle class” or “intellectuals”, needs to evolve from a “primitive sense of classification, that is of an attempt to position individuals within a static social hierarchy, to one in which it signifies complex social characteristics and
Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) as reservoirs of respiratory capillariosis in Serbia

Abstract Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory capillariosis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in some regions of Serbia. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 102 foxes in six epizootiological regions of Serbia, during the hunting season between 2008 and 2012. Results: The presence of respiratory capillariosis in all tested epizootiological regions was confirmed. The E. aerophilus nematode was detected with overall prevalence of 49.02%. The diagnosis of E. aerophilus infection was confirmed by the determination of morphological characteristics of adult parasites found at necropsy and the trichurid egg types collected from the bronchial lavage and the content of the intestine. Conclusion: The presented results contribute to better understanding of the epidemiology of this nematodosis in Serbia. However, the high prevalence of capillaries in tested foxes, demonstrated in all explored areas, might suggest that foxes from other regions in Serbia may also be infected. The fact that domestic carnivores and humans can also be infected enhances the importance of the overall epidemiological status. To establish the relevant prevalence of respiratory capillariosis, further investigations and continous monitoring of parasitic fauna of carnivores are needed in the whole country.
CEO duality and bank performance: the consistent null

Impact of leadership structure on bank performance has received considerable scrutiny from multiple stakeholders. Despite the empirical attention given to the leadership structure-bank performance relationship, extant evidence remains inconclusive. Against this drawback, this paper aims to examine the connotation of ‘optimal’ corporate governance, the key governance mechanisms and the effects of corporate governance on firm value. In addition, the authors will discuss the key aspects in which banks differ substantially from generic firms and why such unique characteristics require a different governance approach. The authors will also provide a review of the contention surrounding leadership structure, the extant empirical research on the impact of leadership structure on bank performance, methodological approaches, and their findings. Moreover the paper will present the justifications proposed by researchers for the mixed evidence found in the empirical literature. In light of this inconsistency, the authors question the wisdom of continuing to search for conclusive evidence that would delineate and substantiate the leadership structure-bank performance relationship instead of focusing on alternative governance mechanisms that could be a more optimal choice for banks seeking sound corporate governance. The authors recommend conducting future research on understanding the board’s audit committee functions and its role in maximizing the economic value added of a bank.
Chemical Composition, Nutritive and Energetic Value of Plantain (Musa ssp.) Hybrids CRBP 4, CRBP 39, FHIA 7, FHIA 2 and Orishele Variety

2 Summary Chemical characteristics as well as contents in main components such as dry matter, sugars, lipids proteins and some minerals were determined in four banana hybrids CRBP 14, CRBP 39, FHIA 17, FHIA 21 and Orishele variety (used as control). Titrable acidity, pH, and calorific energy of these various cultivars of banana (Musa ssp.) were also determined. The results indicated that Orishele variety had the highest content of dry matter, total carbohydrate and potassium. On the other hand, CRBP 39 hybrid which had the highest total acidity was the richest in total sugars and was the most energetic. Concerning FHIA 17, it contained the highest amount of proteins, lipids, magnesium, calcium and iron.
Development and Evaluation of a Computer-Based Learning Environment for Teachers: Assessment of Learning Strategies in Learning Journals

Training teachers to assess important components of self-regulated learning such as learning strategies is an important, yet somewhat neglected, aspect of the integration of self-regulated learning at school. Learning journals can be used to assess learning strategies in line with cyclical process models of self-regulated learning, allowing for rich formative feedback. Against this background, we developed a computer-based learning environment (CBLE) that trains teachers to assess learning strategies with learning journals. The contents of the CBLE and its instructional design were derived from theory. The CBLE was further shaped by research in a design-based manner. Finally, in two evaluation studies, student teachers (; ) worked with the CBLE. We analyzed satisfaction, interest, usability, and assessment skills. Additionally, in evaluation study 2, effects of an experimental variation on motivation and assessment skills were tested. We found high satisfaction, interest, and good usability, as well as satisfying assessment skills, after working with the CBLE. Results show that teachers can be trained to assess learning strategies in learning journals. The developed CBLE offers new perspectives on how to support teachers in fostering learning strategies as central component of effective self-regulated learning at school.
Survival of adult blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada

Blue whales in eastern Canadian waters are regarded as endangered, mainly due to the lack of knowledge on their abundance and life parameters. Here, we analysed sighting histories of 362 photo-identified blue whales in the Gulf of St. Lawrence over 24 yr to estimate, for the first time, the adult survival rate of this species. The results revealed that some whales have high site fidelity while others are only visitors to the St. Lawrence. Low sighting reliability of transient whales resulted in an age structure for which there is no obvious biological justification and led us to discard the data set with all blue whales. Based on sighting records of individuals of known sex, we consider the best estimate for adult blue whale survival to be 0.975 (95% CI 0.960 to 0.985). This estimate is likely to be biased upwards by long-term records of individuals first sighted in the 1980s and sexed from biopsy samples in the 1990s, but biased downwards by emigration from the study area. The relative magnitude of these biases is, at present, unquantifiable. Trap dependency affects the probability of capture and varies between the sexes, but no significant difference in survival was found between the sexes.