Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variations in Textualization: A Cross-Generic and Cross-Disciplinary Study, Implications for Readability of the Academic Discourse.

According to discoursal views on language, variations in textualization strategies are always socio-contextually motivated and never happen at random. The textual forms employed in a text, along with many other discoursal and contextual factors, could certainly affect the readability of the text, making it more or less processable for the same reader. On the basis of these assumptions, the present study set out to examine how our data varied across genres and disciplines in terms of our target textual forms. These forms are as follows: the magnitude of T-unit (MOTU), the degree of embeddedness of the main verb in T-unit (DE), the physical distance between the verb and its satellite elements (PD), the magnitude of the noun phrase appearing before the verb (MOX), and the magnitude of noun phrase appearing after the verb (MOY). Our data consisted of 20 research articles randomly selected from two different disciplines of Biology and Applied Linguistics, to be analyzed in terms of the above-named textual strategies. One way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used for data analyses. The results revealed cross-generic as well as cross-disciplinary differences in the employment of the above textual forms. These findings were discussed in terms of the academic concepts and discourse on the one hand and the possible effect of the required textual forms on the readability of the text on the other hand.
Storage infrastructure and agricultural yield: evidence from a capital investment subsidy scheme

Abstract In a developing economy, the availability of storage infrastructure is considered essential for two purposes; the reduction of post-harvest losses resulting in food shortage, and allowing for gains from inter-temporal trade due to potential arbitrage opportunities arising out of volatility in food grain prices. This paper provides empirical evidence on a lesser studied impact of storage infrastructure, viz, agricultural yield. The author exploits potentially exogenous variation generated by the intensity of access to a capital investment subsidy program for construction and renovation of rural godowns in India to identify causal effects of better storage on yield. He finds that the program led to an increase in rice yield by 0.3 tons per hectare, approximately a 20% increase compared to the baseline. A potential mediating channel for such an effect would be reduced storage costs facilitating better investments in productive inputs. As supportive evidence, the author finds that fertilizer consumption increased by 21% in response to the intervention.
Finite morphisms onto Fano manifolds of Picard number 1 which have rational curves with trivial normal bundles

Let X be a Fano manifold of Picard number 1 admitting a rational curve with trivial normal bundle and f : X′ → X be a generically finite surjective holomorphic map from a projective manifold X′ onto X. When the domain manifold X′ is fixed and the target manifold X is a priori allowed to deform we prove that the holomorphic map f : X′ → X is locally rigid up to biholomorphisms of target manifolds. This result complements, with a completely different method of proof, an earlier local rigidity theorem of ours (see J. Math. Pures Appl. 80 (2001), 563– 575) for the analogous situation where the target manifold X is a Fano manifold of Picard number 1 on which there is no rational curve with trivial normal bundle. In another direction, given a Fano manifold X′ of Picard number 1, we prove a finiteness result for generically finite surjective holomorphic maps of X′ onto Fano manifolds (necessarily of Picard number 1) admitting rational curves with trivial normal bundles. As a consequence, any 3-dimensional Fano manifold of Picard number 1 can only dominate a finite number of isomorphism classes of projective
“Live” (stained) benthic foraminiferal living depths, stable isotopes, and taxonomy offshore South Georgia, Southern Ocean: implications for calcification depths

Abstract. It is widely held that benthic foraminifera exhibit species-specific calcification depth preferences, with their tests recording sediment pore water chemistry at that depth (i.e. stable isotope and trace metal compositions). This assumed depth-habitat-specific pore water chemistry relationship has been used to reconstruct various palaeoenvironmental parameters, such as bottom water oxygenation. However, many deep-water foraminiferal studies show wide intra-species variation in sediment living depth but relatively narrow intra-species variation in stable isotope composition. To investigate this depth-habitat–stable-isotope relationship on the shelf, we analysed depth distribution and stable isotopes of living (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera from two box cores collected on the South Georgia shelf (ranging from 250 to 300 m water depth). We provide a comprehensive taxonomic analysis of the benthic fauna, comprising 79 taxonomic groupings. The fauna shows close affinities with shelf assemblages from around Antarctica. We find live specimens of a number of calcareous species from a range of depths in the sediment column. Stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O) were measured on stained specimens of three species, Astrononion echolsi, Cassidulinoides porrectus, and Buccella sp. 1, at 1 cm depth intervals within the downcore sediment sequences. In agreement with studies in deep-water settings, we find no significant intra-species variability in either δ13Cforam or δ18Oforam with sediment living depth on the South Georgia shelf. Our findings add to the growing evidence that infaunal benthic foraminiferal species calcify at a fixed depth. Given the wide range of depths at which we find living , infaunal species, we speculate that they may actually calcify predominantly at the sediment–seawater interface, where carbonate ion concentration and organic carbon availability is at a maximum.
Dune Landscape Rejuvenation by Intended Destabilisation in the Amsterdam Water Supply Dunes

Abstract In the Dutch coastal dunes, several projects have started in which aeolian activity is stimulated to enhance landscape rejuvenation by increasing aeolian erosion and deposition. The aim of these projects is to reverse vegetation succession and create opportunities for pioneer stages. In 1995, a drinking water extraction canal in the Amsterdam Water Supply Dunes was closed and the original landscape was restored. Since then, the development of the area was left to natural processes. This resulted in large-scale deflation structures and the development of sand drift areas. By means of air photographs, the changes in the landscape were studied. Initially, the sand drift area expanded, up to a maximum of 11 ha in 1999. In the following years, stabilisation of the surface by vegetation became more and more important. After 8 years of undisturbed development, half of the bare surface was still bare, and the active area was still 2.5 times larger than the stabilised area. But bare spots were scattered over the area, and the average size per spot decreased from 10 ha in 1995 to <1 ha in 2003. The percentage of surface covered by pioneer species was large (5 ha in 2003) and might result in increased stabilisation rates in future. Part of the stabilisation could be explained by meteorological conditions during the studied period. Part could be explained because the system is supply limited. Scale might be an important issue in the final success of remobilisation, as indicated by preliminary comparison to larger-scaled projects. Further comparisons are needed. After eight years, it is still too early to say whether large-scale destabilisation measures in the case of artificially fixed coastal dunes result in durable aeolian activity and landscape rejuvenation. However, even if the area will be stabilised within the next years, the landscape has many impulses for new ecological development. For the next decade, we need to continue our monitoring programs; meanwhile, experimentation with methods of reactivation should be conducted.
Meta-analytic confirmation of the nonword reading deficit in developmental dyslexia

TTn a recent narrative review, Rack, Snowhng, and Aoison (1992) concluded that strong evidence exists for the phonological deficit hypothesis in explamjng severe word reading and spellmg problems that cannot be accounted for by sensory or neurological damage, lack of educational opportumty, or low intelligence. The phonological deficit hypothesis states that in these instances of dyslexia there is a highly specific deficit m the phonological language domain, which ulümately leads to problems in reading and spelling. Dyslexics are supposed to differ from normal readers in those qualitative aspects of reading that emphasize phonological processes. An alternative Interpretation is the developmental lag or delay hypothesis Accordmg to this hypothesis, normal and dyslexic readers differ only in the speed of development, and are equal in terms of qualitative aspects of reading style The developmental lag hypothesis implies that dyslexics will perform poorly on phonological reading tests, but not more so than younger readers at the same reading stage who develop in a normal way. The phonological deficit hypothesis, on the other hand, predicts that dyslexics and (younger) normal readers may have the same word recognition ability but will differ strongly in phonological skills. Rack et al. (1992) describe and analyze a series of studies of nonword reading in dyslexics and reading-level-matched normal readers that may be considered äs crucial tests for the validity of the deficit and the delay hypotheses. In these studies, Snowling's (1980, 1981) paradigm of the nonword reading task has been applied in a variety of ways to assess phonological skill relatively independently of reading abihty. Dyslexics are matched with normal readers in terms of reading level. The readinglevel-matched design is used to compare dyslexics' performance on a nonword task with younger normal readers' performance on the same phonological skill measure. The design controls for differences in reading abiliües that might influence the children's performance on the nonword task. The effectiveness of the design in reaching this goal depends, of course, on the adequacy of the matching procedure. In most studies the matching of dyslexics and normal readers is checked by a word recognition lest that should show only minimal differences between normal and dyslexic readers. Rack et al. (1992) scrutinized all pertinent published studies using the nonword paradigm in the context of the readinglevel-match design. Because the majority of studies showed (a) significant differences in nonword processing between dyslexics and normal readers against the background of (b) equivalence of word recognition abilities in both groups, the authors were convinced that there is "extremely strong evidence for the phonological deficit hypothesis" (p. 49). Furthermore, they analyzed in depth the causes of absence of phonological skill differences in about a third of the studies that seemed to contradict the deficit hypothesis, and pointed to several alternative hypotheses in terms of measures, designs,
Field Investigation of the Effect of Operational Speed and Lateral Wheel Wander on Flexible Pavement Mechanistic Responses

Pavement design is evolving from the experimental American Association of State Highway and Transportation (AASHTO) Pavement Design Guide to the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) (AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design). In the latter method, the predicted mechanistic responses of the pavement structure (strains and deflections) are empirically correlated to field-observed distresses. Therefore, mechanistic response data from instrumented, full-scale test road facilities are essential for the validation and further development of the MEPDG models. The University of Alberta’s Integrated Road Research Facility (IRRF) includes an extensively instrumented test road, with a variety of asphalt strain gauges and earth pressure cells in the unbound layers to capture the flexible pavements’ mechanistic responses to dynamic traffic loading. This paper focuses on investigating the effect of operational speed and lateral wheel wander on longitudinal tensile and vertical compressive strain measurements at the bottom of the Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) layer (el and ec) and compressive stress measurements in the granular base course (GBC) and subgrade (sc). During a field experiment at the IRRF, a test truck with predetermined axle loads was driven at four different speeds and two symmetric lateral offsets with respect to the outer wheelpath. Longer load durations (lower loading frequency) were observed at lower truck speeds in the HMA and unbound layers. Also, the magnitude of el and ec increased when speed decreased. Similarly, higher vehicle speed resulted in less sc within the GBC and subgrade. Sensitivity of fatigue cracking and rutting models in the MEPDG to operational speed was investigated in a sensitivity analysis. To do so, an MEPDG-simulation of the test section was developed using the backcalculated moduli of each layer obtained from Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) test performed at the IRRF. The rate of both alligator cracking and rutting was found to decrease at operational speed of 60 km/hr. It was also found that the MEPDG underestimates the effect of speed on the predicted fatigue cracking and rutting.
The Concept of Products and Services Integration – Analysis of Scientific Publications

Currently, global economy tends to turn into functional economy what triggered the birth of new terms and research fields such as integration of products and services (in literature termed: Product-Service Systems). Though the subject is often discussed in scientific and academic publications, there are still many aspects of developing and delivering integrated solutions to customers insufficiently explored or even neglected. The paper presents the concept of an integrated product-service solution. The analysis of publications in terms of research topics connected with Product-Service Systems was carried out and the achieved results were discussed.
Inflation Convergence In East African Countries

The paper investigates inflation convergence in five East African Countries: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, as they aspire to form a monetary union by 2024 under the umbrella of the East African Community. Based on various panel unit root tests, we find that inflation rates in these countries have been converging. An explanation for the convergence is also provided from the perspective of a Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) model, which attributes this convergence to a similarity in terms of the nature of shocks affecting EAC countries as well as the role of foreign factors as drivers of inflation given that inflation has been low and less volatile in industrial and emerging countries since the early 1990s.
The Antioxidant and Antiangiogenic Effects of Dietary supplement of Nigella sativa Crude Oil on Breast Tumor in BALB/c Mice

Background and Aim: Cancer embraces a vast range of diseases including that of the breast and is triggered by various factors such as reactive species of oxygen. Angiogenesis, then, aids the cancerous mass to meet its needs and develop further. Nigella sativa L . (NS), traditionally cultivated and consumed in the Middle East, has long been appreciated for its medicinal benefits. In this study, we aimed to look into its antioxidant and anti-angiogenic effects on breast tumor in BALB/c mice. Materials and Methods: 3 groups of BALB/c mice, respectively received 1, 2 and 4 ml/kg/day of NS crude oil via gavaging for 4 months before breast tumor transplantation, while the control mice were gavaged with distilled water. Then tumor volume, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the amounts of VEGF and endostatin were studied to examine NS crude oil’s impact against breast tumor. Results and Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the mice pretreated with 4 ml/kg/day of NS oil had significantly smaller tumor volumes, higher SOD and CAT activity, reduced VEGF and increased endostatin amounts. So, we came to this that Nigella sativa crude oil seems to inhibit breast tumor growth in part by improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes and in part by interfering with angiogenesis. More studies are, yet, required to better illuminate its other mechanisms of involvement.
Online learning for individuals with dyslexia: A literature review

Although there are relative researches on dyslex-ia, little is known about the difficulties of those with dyslexia faced when exploring internet for learning. This paper con-ducted a review of papers to investigate the existing re-searches and work done related to online learning for indi-viduals with dyslexia. It is aimed to identify the currently available knowledge about dyslexia and online learning. The results of the searches clearly show that there are limited researches on the needs of people with dyslexia and prob-lems encountered in online learning. Most of researches context revolved in higher education where the samples are adolescent and adults. From the aspect of the media used in online learning, synchronous and asynchronous text based chatting were more focused in research. Based on the re-view of the nine articles, three main research themes includ-ing design guidelines, engagement with different media types and online learning systems for individual with dys-lexia were identified. It is reviewed that although online learning has a large acknowledgement for its benefits in distance learning or personalized learning, the guidelines for current online learning design may not beneficial all the users such as people with dyslexia. Based on the review, the authors of this paper have identified a need for the applica-tion of specific design principles in the development of online learning accessibility to provide equal accessibility and inclusive education for all levels.
FACTORS INFLUENCING USAGE OF MOBILE BANKING SERVICES: THE CASE OF ILALA DISTRICT IN TANZANIA

The study assessed key factors that influence the usage of mobile banking services in Tanzania using TAM and transaction theory. A sample of 120 mobile phone users collected through a structured questionnaire was used. Descriptive, Pearson correlation and multiple regressions were employed for analysis. The study found that customers’ awareness and perceived ease of use have a significant positive influence while perceived risk and transaction cost have a significant negative influence on the usage of mobile banking services. Customers’ awareness and perceived ease of use have relatively greater influence on the usage of mobile banking services than perceived risk and transaction costs .
New Mesogenic Schiff Base Esters with Polar Chloro Substituent: Synthesis, Thermotropic Properties and X-Ray Diffraction Studies

Problem statement: Many studies have been conducted on the Schiff base’s alkyl and alkyloxy possessing terminal halogen substituent. However, the thermotropic properties of Schiff base’s ester (or alkanoyloxy) with chloro terminal group remained unstudied. Approach: Synthesis a series of new Schiff base ester possessing polar chloro group and investigate its mesomorphic properties. The title compounds were prepared via condensation and esterification reactions. The molecular structures were confirmed using spectroscopic techniques. All the members are differed by the length of alkanoyloxy chain, Cn-1H2n-1COO, where n = 2-8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18. The mesomorphic properties were studied using differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and temperature-dependent X-ray diffractometry. Results: Whilst short members (n = 2-5) were not mesogenic compounds, n-hexanoyloxy and n-heptanoyloxy derivatives exhibited monotropic SmA and SmB phases. Enantiotropic smectogenic A and monotropic smectogenic B were observed in n-octanoyloxy to n-hexadecanoyloxy derivatives. Highest member of the series, n-octadecanoyloxy derivatives exhibited monotropic SmA phase. Conclusion: The ester linkage and polar terminal group in the present series are essential for the formation of liquid crystal phase in Schiff bases.
Effects of Vermicompost and Water Treatment Residuals on Soil Physical Properties and Wheat Yield

Abstract The application of vermicompost and water treatment residuals to improve the physical properties in the salt affected soils is a promising technology to meet the requirements of high plant growth and cost-effective reclamation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vermicompost and its mixtures with water treatment residuals on selected physical properties of saline sodic soil and on wheat yield. The treatments were vermicompost, water treatment residuals, vermicompost + water treatment residuals (1:1 and 2:1 wet weight ratio) at levels of 5 and 10 g dry weight kg-1 dry soil. The considered physical properties included aggregate stability, mean weight diameter, pore size distribution and dry bulk density. The addition of vermicompost and water treatment residuals had significant positive effects on the studied soil physical properties, and improved the grain yield of wheat. The treatment of (2 vermicompost + 1 water treatment residuals) at level of 5 g kg-1 soil gave the best grain yield. Combination of vermicompost and water treatment residuals improved the water treatment residuals efficiency in ameliorating the soil physical properties, and could be considered as an ameliorating material for the reclamation of salt affected soils.