Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison Of Victimized And Nonvictimized Teachers’ Ways Of Handling Schoolbullying Incidents

The aim of the present study was to examine differences of the ways of handling school bullying incidences between teachers with and without workplace victimizations experiences, taking into consideration the measurement of self-report frequency of workplace victimization in school context by using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (Mikkelsen & Einarsen, 2001). Teachers’ workplace victimization was reported by 17% (N = 46) and nonvictimization by 83% (N = 230) from a multi-stage cluster sample according to the operational definition of victimization. A sample of 276 teachers (mean age = 41.09 years; SD = 8.14) completed survey asking how likely they would be to use different strategies (ignoring the incident, working with the bully, working with the victim, enlisting other adults, and disciplining the bully) to respond a hypothetical bullying case between pupils as measured by the Handling Bullying Questionnaire (HBQ; Bauman, Rigby, & Hoppa, 2008). Teachers with and without workplace victimization experiences differed on three of the five HBQ scale scores: victims of workplace bullying reported ignoring bullying incidences significantly less; and used more likely to working with the victim and disciplining the bully than nonvictims of workplace bullying. Factors related with teachers’ ways of handling school bullying incidents may by relate with such teachers’ personal characteristics as their experiences of being victims or non-victims of workplace bullying. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Comparison of 18F-FDG PET and Optimized Voxel-Based Morphometry for Detection of Alzheimer's Disease: Aging Effect on Diagnostic Performance

The aim of this study was to compare optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and 18F-FDG PET for discrimination between patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy subjects in relation to age. Methods: The study population consisted of 2 groups; the first group (27 AD patients and 40 control subjects) was used to determine the locations of significant abnormalities for both PET and VBM using statistical parametric mapping, and the second group (34 AD patients and 50 control subjects) was used to compare the diagnostic performance of PET and VBM. In the second group, a z-score map for PET or VBM of each subject was obtained by comparison with the mean and SD of PET or gray-matter MR images of the control subjects. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was then performed to compare the diagnostic performance between PET and VBM. Furthermore, group 2 was divided into the early- and late-onset subgroups, and ROC analysis was performed for each subgroup. Results: In the first group, VBM revealed a significant decrease in gray-matter concentration in the hippocampus complex in AD, whereas PET showed a significant reduction in 18F-FDG uptake in the posterior cingulate and parietotemporal lobe. The diagnostic performance of PET (0.988 ± 0.008; mean ± SE), as measured by the area under the ROC curve, was higher than that of VBM with (0.782 ± 0.059) or without (0.832 ± 0.049) modulation. PET yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of 100%, 92%, and 95%, respectively, whereas for VBM the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 74%, 92%, and 85%. Modulation for the VBM did not improve these values (56%, 94%, and 79%, respectively). When the early- and late-onset subjects were analyzed separately, the superiority of 18F-FDG PET was significant only in the early-onset subgroup. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the detection of metabolic alteration by 18F-FDG PET yields a better diagnostic performance for the discrimination between AD patients and healthy control subjects than does the morphologic approach by VBM, particularly in the early-onset subjects.
The Essence of Three-Phase PFC Rectifier Systems—Part II

The second part of the essence of three-phase PFC Rectifier Systems is dedicated to a comparative evaluation of four active three-phase PFC rectifiers that are of interest for industrial application: the active six-switch boost-type PFC rectifier, the Vienna Rectifier (VR), the active six-switch buck-type PFC rectifier, and the Swiss Rectifier. Typical dynamic feed-back control structures of the considered topologies are shown, and analytical equations for calculating the current stresses of the power semiconductors are provided. In addition, EMI filtering is discussed. The rectifier systems are assessed and compared based on simple and demonstrative performance indices such as the semiconductor stresses, the required semiconductor chip area, the volume of the main passive components, the DM and CM conducted EMI noise levels, and the efficiency. Two implementation variants, a more advanced one using SiC JFETs and SiC Schottky diodes and one using Si IGBTs and SiC Schottky diodes, are considered. The comparison is extended with selected examples of hardware demonstrators of VR systems that are optimized for efficiency and/or power density. This allows to determine the tradeoff between efficiency and power density and to quantify a typical efficiency versus power density limit (Pareto-Front) for practical three-phase PFC rectifier systems using standard printed circuit board interconnection technology.
HENMT1 and piRNA Stability Are Required for Adult Male Germ Cell Transposon Repression and to Define the Spermatogenic Program in the Mouse

piRNAs are critical for transposable element (TE) repression and germ cell survival during the early phases of spermatogenesis, however, their role in adult germ cells and the relative importance of piRNA methylation is poorly defined in mammals. Using a mouse model of HEN methyltransferase 1 (HENMT1) loss-of-function, RNA-Seq and a range of RNA assays we show that HENMT1 is required for the 2’ O-methylation of mammalian piRNAs. HENMT1 loss leads to piRNA instability, reduced piRNA bulk and length, and ultimately male sterility characterized by a germ cell arrest at the elongating germ cell phase of spermatogenesis. HENMT1 loss-of-function, and the concomitant loss of piRNAs, resulted in TE de-repression in adult meiotic and haploid germ cells, and the precocious, and selective, expression of many haploid-transcripts in meiotic cells. Precocious expression was associated with a more active chromatin state in meiotic cells, elevated levels of DNA damage and a catastrophic deregulation of the haploid germ cell gene expression. Collectively these results define a critical role for HENMT1 and piRNAs in the maintenance of TE repression in adult germ cells and setting the spermatogenic program.
Effective component of Salvia miltiorrhiza in promoting cardiomyogenic differentiation of human placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Our previous study indicated that Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) induced human placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPDMSCs) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, however, the effective component of SM in promoting cardiomyogenic differentiation remained to be elucidated. In the present study, the most commonly examined components of SM, including danshensu, salvianolic acid B, protocatechuic aldehyde, tanshinone I (TS I), TS IIA and cryptotanshinone, were used to determine the effective components of SM in promoting cardiomyogenic differentiation. The above components of SM slowed cell growth rate and altered cell morphology with a spindle or irregular shape to different degrees. The cells treated with the above components of SM showed increasing of cardiac protein expression to differing degrees, including GATA‑binding protein 4, atrial natriuretic factor, α‑sarcomeric actin and cardiac troponin‑I. Among the components of SM, TS IIA induced the most marked effects. In addition, the above components of SM increased the expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase‑3β, but decreased the expression of β‑catenin to different degrees, with TS IIA also having the most marked effects. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that TS IIA was the most effective active component of SM in inducing hPDMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, and that Wnt/β‑catenin signaling was important in the process of TS IIA promoting cardiomyogenic differentiation.
Maximum-likelihood period estimation from sparse, noisy timing data

The problem of estimating the period of a periodic point process is considered when the observations are sparse and noisy. There is a class of estimators that operate by maximizing an objective function over an interval of possible periods, notably the periodogram estimator of Fogel & Gavish and the line-search algorithms of Sidiropoulos et al. and Clarkson. For numerical calculation, the interval is sampled. However, it is not known how fine the sampling must be in order to ensure statistically accurate results. In this paper, a new estimator is proposed which eliminates the need for sampling. For the proposed statistical model, it calculates a maximum- likelihood estimate. It is shown that the expected arithmetic complexity of the algorithm is O(n3 log n) where n is the number of observations. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superior statistical performance of the new estimator.
Structuring and Regulating Collaborative Learning in Higher Education with Wireless Networks and Mobile Tools

In our recent research we have explored possibilities to scaffold collaborative learning in higher education with wireless networks and mobile tools. The pedagogical ideas are grounded on concepts of collaborative learning, including the socially shared origin of cognition, as well as self-regulated learning theory. This paper presents our three design experiments on mobile, handheld supported collaborative learning. All experiments are aimed at investigating novel ways to structure and regulate individual and collaborative learning with smartphones. In the first study a Mobile Lecture Interaction tool (M.L.I.) was used to facilitate higher education students’ self-regulated learning in university lectures. In the second study smartphones were used as regulation tools to scaffold collaboration by supporting externalization of knowledge representations in individual and collaborative levels. The third study demonstrates how face to face and social software integrated collaborative learning supported with smartphones can be used for facilitating socially shared collaboration and community building. In conclusion, it is stressed that there is a need to place students in various situations in which they can engage in effortful interactions in order to build a shared understanding. Wireless networks and mobile tools will provide multiple opportunities for bridging different contents and contexts as well as virtual and face to face learning interactions in higher education.
The Tripartite Associations between Bacteriophage, Wolbachia, and Arthropods

By manipulating arthropod reproduction worldwide, the heritable endosymbiont Wolbachia has spread to pandemic levels. Little is known about the microbial basis of cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) except that bacterial densities and percentages of infected sperm cysts associate with incompatibility strength. The recent discovery of a temperate bacteriophage (WO-B) of Wolbachia containing ankyrin-encoding genes and virulence factors has led to intensifying debate that bacteriophage WO-B induces CI. However, current hypotheses have not considered the separate roles that lytic and lysogenic phage might have on bacterial fitness and phenotype. Here we describe a set of quantitative approaches to characterize phage densities and its associations with bacterial densities and CI. We enumerated genome copy number of phage WO-B and Wolbachia and CI penetrance in supergroup A- and B-infected males of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. We report several findings: (1) variability in CI strength for A-infected males is positively associated with bacterial densities, as expected under the bacterial density model of CI, (2) phage and bacterial densities have a significant inverse association, as expected for an active lytic infection, and (3) CI strength and phage densities are inversely related in A-infected males; similarly, males expressing incomplete CI have significantly higher phage densities than males expressing complete CI. Ultrastructural analyses indicate that approximately 12% of the A Wolbachia have phage particles, and aggregations of these particles can putatively occur outside the Wolbachia cell. Physical interactions were observed between approximately 16% of the Wolbachia cells and spermatid tails. The results support a low to moderate frequency of lytic development in Wolbachia and an overall negative density relationship between bacteriophage and Wolbachia. The findings motivate a novel phage density model of CI in which lytic phage repress Wolbachia densities and therefore reproductive parasitism. We conclude that phage, Wolbachia, and arthropods form a tripartite symbiotic association in which all three are integral to understanding the biology of this widespread endosymbiosis. Clarifying the roles of lytic and lysogenic phage development in Wolbachia biology will effectively structure inquiries into this research topic.
Unexpected Variation in Neuroanatomy among Diverse Nematode Species

Nematodes are considered excellent models for understanding fundamental aspects of neuron function. However, nematodes are less frequently used as models for examining the evolution of nervous systems. While the habitats and behaviors of nematodes are diverse, the neuroanatomy of nematodes is often considered highly conserved. A small number of nematode species greatly influences our understanding of nematode neurobiology. The free-living species Caenorhabditis elegans and, to a lesser extent, the mammalian gastrointestinal parasite Ascaris suum are, historically, the primary sources of knowledge regarding nematode neurobiology. Despite differences in size and habitat, C. elegans and A. suum share a surprisingly similar neuroanatomy. Here, we examined species across several clades in the phylum Nematoda and show that there is a surprising degree of neuroanatomical variation both within and among nematode clades when compared to C. elegans and Ascaris. We found variation in the numbers of neurons in the ventral nerve cord and dye-filling pattern of sensory neurons. For example, we found that Pristionchus pacificus, a bacterial feeding species used for comparative developmental research had 20% fewer ventral cord neurons compared to C. elegans. Steinernema carpocapsae, an insect-parasitic nematode capable of jumping behavior, had 40% more ventral cord neurons than C. elegans. Interestingly, the non-jumping congeneric nematode, S. glaseri showed an identical number of ventral cord neurons as S. carpocapsae. There was also variability in the timing of neurodevelopment of the ventral cord with two of five species that hatch as second-stage juveniles showing delayed neurodevelopment. We also found unexpected variation in the dye-filling of sensory neurons among examined species. Again, sensory neuron dye-filling pattern did not strictly correlate with phylogeny. Our results demonstrate that variation in nematode neuroanatomy is more prevalent than previously assumed and recommend this diverse phylum for future “evo-devo-neuro” studies.
Low-complexity selected mapping schemes for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in OFDM systems

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is an attractive transmission technique for high-bit-rate communication systems. One major drawback of OFDM is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitter's output signal. The selected mapping (SLM) approach provides good performance for PAPR reduction, but it requires a bank of inverse fast Fourier transforms (IFFTs) to generate a set of candidate transmission signals, and this requirement usually results in high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a kind of low-complexity conversions to replace the IFFT blocks in the conventional SLM method. Based on the proposed conversions, we develop two novel SLM schemes with much lower complexity than the conventional one; the first method uses only one IFFT block to generate the set of candidate signals, while the second one uses two IFFT blocks. Computer simulation results show that, as compared to the conventional SLM scheme, the first proposed approach has slightly worse PAPR reduction performance and the second proposed one reaches almost the same PAPR reduction performance.
Toxic Phytochemicals and Their Potential Risks for Human Cancer

Consuming plants for their presumed health benefits has occurred since early civilizations. Phytochemicals are found in various plants that are frequently included in the human diet and are generally thought to be safe for consumption because they are produced naturally. However, this is not always the case and in fact many natural compounds found in several commonly consumed plants are potential carcinogens or tumor promoters and should be avoided. Cancer Prev Res; 8(1); 1–8. ©2014 AACR.
Searing sentiment or cold calculation? the effects of leader emotional displays on team performance depend on follower epistemic motivation

We examined how leader emotional displays affect team performance. We developed and tested the idea that effects of leader displays of anger versus happiness depend on followers' epistemic motivation, which is the desire to develop a thorough understanding of a situation. Experimental data on four-person teams engaged in an interdependent team task showed that teams with higher epistemic motivation performed better when their leaders displayed anger (mediated by team members' performance inferences), whereas teams with lower epistemic motivation performed better when the leaders expressed happiness (mediated by team members' affective reactions). Theoretical contributions and managerial ramifications are discussed.
Problem-based learning for health improvement: practical public health for every professional

Statistical analysis on tiling array data is extremely challenging due to the astronomically large number of sequence probes, high noise levels of individual probes and limited number of replicates in these data. To overcome these difficulties, we first developed statistical error estimation and weighted ANOVA modeling approaches to high-density tiling array data, especially the former based on an advanced error-pooling method to accurately obtain heterogeneous technical error of smallsample tiling array data. Based on these approaches, we analyzed the high-density tiling array data of the temporal replication patterns during cellcycle S phase of synchronized HeLa cells on human chromosomes 21 and 22. We found many novel temporal replication patterns, identifying about 26% of over 1 million tiling array sequence probes with significant differential replication during the four 2-h time periods of S phase. Among these differentially replicated probes, 126 941 sequence probes were matched to 417 known genes. The majority of these genes were found to be replicated within one or two consecutive time periods, while the others were replicated at two non-consecutive time periods. Also, coding regions found to be more differentially replicated in particular time periods than noncoding regions in the gene-poor chromosome 21 (25% differentially replicated among genic probes versus 18.6% among intergenic probes), while such a phenomenon was less prominent in gene-rich chromosome 22. A rigorous statistical testing for local proximity of differentially replicated genic and intergenic probes was performed to identify significant stretches of differentially replicated sequence regions. From this analysis, we found that adjacent genes were frequently replicated at different time periods, potentially implying the existence of quite dense replication origins. Evaluating the conditional probability significance of identified gene ontology terms on chromosomes 21 and 22, we detected some over-represented molecular functions and biological processes among these differentially replicated genes, such as the ones relevant to hydrolase, transferase and receptor-binding activities. Some of these results were confirmed showing 470% consistency with cDNA microarray data that were independently generated in parallel with the tiling arrays. Thus, our improved analysis approaches specifically designed for high-density tiling array data enabled us to reliably and sensitively identify many novel temporal replication patterns on human
Children With Single-Sided Deafness Use Their Cochlear Implant

Objectives: To assess acceptance of a cochlear implant (CI) by children with single-sided deafness (SSD) as measured by duration of CI use across daily listening environments. Design: Datalogs for 7 children aged 1.1 to 14.5 years (mean ± SD: 5.9 ± 5.9 years old), who had SSD and were implanted in their deaf ear, were anonymized and extracted from their CI processors. Data for all available follow-up clinical appointments were included, ranging from two to six visits. Measures calculated from each datalog included frequency and duration of time the coil disconnected from the internal device, average daily CI use, and both duration (hr/day) and percentage of CI use (% daily use) in different intensity ranges and environment types. Linear mixed effects regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationships between CI experience, daily CI use, frequency of coil-offs, and duration of coil-off time. Nonlinear regression analyses were used to evaluate CI use with age in different acoustic environments. Results: Children with SSD used their CI on average 7.4 hr/day. Older children used their CI for longer periods of the day than younger children. Longitudinal data indicated consistent CI use from the date of CI activation. Frequency of coil-offs reduced with CI experience, but did not significantly contribute to hours of coil-off time. Children used their CI longest in environments that were moderately loud (50 to 70 dB A) and classified as containing speech-in-noise. Preschoolers tended to spend less time in quiet but more time in music than infants/toddlers and adolescents. Conclusions: Children with SSD consistently use their CI upon activation in a variety of environments commonly experienced by children. CI use in children with SSD resembles reported bilateral hearing aid use in children but is longer than reported hearing aid use in children with less severe unilateral hearing loss, suggesting that (1) the normal-hearing ear did not detract from consistent CI use; and (2) a greater asymmetry between ears presents a significant impairment that may facilitate device use to access bilateral sound.
Wave excitation on human body by a short dipole

In this paper, the propagation mechanism of a short dipole antenna on a flat phantom made of fat and muscle tissue properties is investigated. Both vertical and horizontal dipoles are considered in this study. It is shown that, the performance of a parallel dipole near to the surface of the body phantom is completely different from the free space. The parallel dipole on the body excites stronger fields along the antenna rather than any other directions on the surface. The propagation modes for both vertical and horizontal antennas are discussed by the use of Norton equations. Also, a pair of antennas is mounted on the flat and real body phantom and the transmission channel gains are evaluated for different antenna combinations and arrangements.