Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bleeding control during laparoscopic liver resection: a review of literature

Despite the established advantages of laparoscopy, bleeding control during laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is a liver‐specific improvement. The 2nd International Consensus Conference on Laparoscopic Liver Resection was held in October 2014 at Morioka, Japan. One of the most capital questions was: What is essential in bleeding control during LLR? In order to correctly address this question, we conducted a comprehensive review of the literature. Essential points based on personal experience of the expert panel are also discussed. A total of 54 publications were identified. Based on this analysis, the working group built these recommendations: (1) a pneumoperitoneum of 10–14 mmHg should be used as it allows a good control of the bleeding without significant modifications of hemodynamics; (2) a low central venous pressure (<5 mmHg) should be used; (3) laparoscopy facilitates inflow and outflow control; and (4) surgeons should be experienced with the use of all surgical devices for liver transection and should master laparoscopic suture before starting LLR. Precoagulation with radiofrequency can be useful, particularly in cases of atypical resection. These recommendations are mostly based on experts’ opinions and on B or C quality of evidence grade studies. More prospective data are required to confirm these results.
Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Older Adults

Use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was compared with nurse-administered intermittent intramuscular (NM) Injections of morphine in older adults during their postoperative recovery. Data analyses indicated that the PCA and IM groups did not dyfer in pain intensity, pain distress, and satisfaction. The PCA group had significantly less sleep disturbance from pain than the IM group. Neither group was considered to have acceptable pain management.
Long-Term Nipple Shield Use — A Positive Perspective

This report describes ten cases in which silicone nipple shields were used for two weeks or longer. In nine of the cases, shields were used to help babies attach to the breast. These babies had struggled to attach to the areola because of suck problems or the mother's lack of protractility of breast tissue. In the tenth case, the shield was used because of extreme nipple soreness. All babies were off the shield by 3.5 months of age; nine were feeding directly from the breast. All weights were appropriate or above for the age of the infant at three weeks, two months and four months.
Association of working hours with biological indices related to the cardiovascular system among engineers in a machinery manufacturing company.

A field survey of 278 engineers (20-59 years) in a machinery manufacturing company was conducted to investigate the association of working hours with biological indices related to the cardiovascular system (heart rate variability, blood pressure and serum levels of magnesium, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cholesterol). Average working hours (defined as <"hours at workplace" + "half a commuting time">) and sleeping hours in this study were 60.2 +/- 6.3 hr/week and 6.6 +/- 0.8 hr/day respectively. There were no significant relationships between working hours and biological indices related to the cardiovascular system, but sleeping hours was closely related to working hours negatively. Furthermore, the serum DHEA-S level was significantly related to sleeping hours positively. Combining these two results, it appeared that long working hours might lower the serum DHEA-S level due to the reduction of sleeping hours.
Interleukin-4 Enhances Pulmonary Clearance ofPseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT To determine the effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) on bacterial clearance from the mouse lung, transgenic mice expressing IL-4 in respiratory epithelial cells under the control of the Clara cell secretory protein promoter (CCSP-IL-4 mice) were infected intratracheally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Survival of CCSP-IL-4 mice following bacterial administration was markedly improved compared with that of control mice. While bacteria proliferated in lungs of wild-type mice, a rapid reduction in the number of bacteria was observed in the IL-4 mice as early as 6 h postinfection. Similarly, intranasal administration of IL-4 enhanced bacterial clearance from the lungs of wild-type mice. While acute and chronic IL-4 increased the numbers of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, bacterial infection was associated with acute neutrophilic pulmonary infiltration, and this response was similar in the presence or absence of IL-4. Local administration or expression of IL-4 in the mouse lung enhanced pulmonary clearance of P. aeruginosa in vivo and decreased mortality following infection.
PDA management in preterm infants: keep your hands off the ductus!

The current management of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants is fundamentally aimed at the closure of ductus through the cyclooxygenase (Cox)-inhibitors or surgical ligation in case of failure. Although the role of surgical approach to morbidity and mortality remains unclear, measures avoiding it appear entirely justified. During the last two years, 8 newborns were admitted to our intensive care unit for surgical ligation of a hemodynamic significant PDA, after a two ineffective Cox-inhibitor courses. The mean gestational age was 26 5/7 weeks (24 6/7 - 28 3/7 w.), the mean birth weight 1,000 g (800-1,300 g) and the mean age at admission 20 days (9-29 d.) at a mean post-conceptional age (PCA) of 29 3/7 weeks (27 5/7 - 31 5/7 w.). We have submitted these newborns to an approach consisting in a continuous monitoring of cerebral and renal oxygenations, time-scheduled ultrasound controls, monitoring of blood pressure and of urine output and continuous aEEG registration. All were treated with dopamine infusion. Under dopamine, ranging from 5 to 10 μg/kg/min, the stabilization criteria (see text) were reached in 7/8 infants. Afterwards a new cycle of Cox-inhibitors has been tried with the result of closing the ductus in 4/8 and obtaining a flow closing pattern in other three. None of the seven infants has shown in the following weeks a reapparence of ductal reopening signs. In this way we avoided the surgical intervention in 7/8 newborns. An attempt with Cox-inhibitors (ibuprofen) has also been proved in the single newborn who didn’t reach the stabilization but resulted ineffective. This newborn has been submitted to surgical ligation immediately thereafter. Moreover, the clinical conditions observed in all the newborns at admission testify that the duration of the exposure to left-to-right shunt is a crucial factor of the organ damage. This aspect is often not considered, waiting for the Cox-inhibitor effects. The contribution of the aEEG recordings is, in this context, considerable, having shown a background pattern of burst suppression in four subjects and a discontinuous pattern not in line with reached PCA in other three. On the basis of these results we think that the therapy of PDA in preterm infants must be mainly aimed at the containment of the ductal shunt and of its effects on pulmonary and systemic flow. In this way the objective of the ductal closure stops to be primary, being possible, under conditions of hemodynamic stability, waiting during the first week of life for the physiologic events of closure or resorting in selected cases to the Cox-inhibitors or to the surgical intervention. This limited experience requires more consistent proofs of effectiveness, while the impact of this approach on the outcomes needs to be evaluated. Proceedings of the 10 th International Workshop on Neonatology · Cagliari (Italy) · October 22 nd -25 th , 2014 · The last ten years, the next ten years in Neonatology Guest Editors: Vassilios Fanos, Michele Mussap, Gavino Faa, Apostolos Papageorgiou
Chemical Composition and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Two Helichrysum Species from Tanzania

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of Helichrysum cymosum and H. fulgidum, from Tanzania, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. A total of sixty-five compounds, representing 92.4% and 88.2% of the two oils, respectively, were identified. trans-Caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, β-pinene, p-cymene, spathulenol and β- bourbonene were found to be the main components. Furthermore, the oils were tested against six gram (±) bacteria and three pathogenic fungi. It was found that the oil of H. fulgidum exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, while the oil of H. cymosum was not active at all.
The influence of bone marrow stromal cells on matrix metaloproteinases expression in myeloma cell line L 363

Multiple myeloma (MM) involves slow proliferation of malignant plasma cells and is associated with high serum levels of monoclonal antibodies, increased angiogenesis and osteolysis. The interaction of plasma cells with the bone marrow microenvironment represents a key factor in the development of osteolytic lesions. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in tumor growth and invasion, angiogenesis and bone remodeling in many cancers including MM. To assess the influence of the bone marrow microenvironment upon gene expression levels of MMPs from malignant plasma cells, we have developed an in vitro experiment involving coculture of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) with the L363 myeloma cell line. Following co-culture, microarray analysis was used to compare the expression of all 24 human MMP genes known. Our data revealed no significant change in the expression of MMP-2 in non-adherent L363 cells exposed to interaction and possibly elevated results for MMP-2 gene in the adherent population. Although our microarray data shows a 5.82 fold in crease for this gene in the adherent L363 group, it is possible to attribute this to contaminating stroma because MMP-2 is known to be expressed by both BMSCs and MM cells and the purity we have achieved for L363 cells after separation from BMSCs was in the range of 90-95%. For the other MMP genes, both from adherent and non-adherent populations, our results indicate that the BMSC influence on L363 is not significant, this most likely due to the fact that L363 is a leukemic MM cell line and less dependent on stroma as opposed to other MM cell lines or primary MM samples.
Meeting the data needs of a local health department: the Los Angeles County Health Survey.

Monitoring the health status of populations is a core function of all public health agencies but is particularly important at the municipal and community levels, where population health data increasingly are used to drive public health decision making and community health improvement efforts. Unfortunately, most local health jurisdictions lack important data for developing population health profiles, such as data on chronic disease prevalence, quality-of-life measures, functional status, and self-perceptions of health status. In addition, data on important determinants of health, including health behaviors and access to health care services, are rarely available locally. These data frequently are collected in national and state surveys (e.g., the National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) and provide critical information to assess progress toward achieving state and national health objectives. The surveys rarely serve local data needs, however, because of insufficient sample size and lack of flexibility to address local health issues. To address gaps in local health data, in 1997 the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services inaugurated the Los Angeles County Health Survey.
The Clinical Characteristics of Combined Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis of Rivaroxaban and Mechanical Therapy after Total Knee Replacement Arthroplasty

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics of combined prophylaxis of rivaroxaban (Xarelto? ) and mechanical therapy (foot sole pump, antiembolism stocking) after total knee replacement arthroplasty, for prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were 110 patients who underwent total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKA) between November 2011 and May 2012, and were prospectively evaluated. They consisted of 13 men (11.8%) and 97 women (88.2%) with the mean age of 68.7 years (±7.9). All of the patients received 10 mg of rivaroxaban once daily for 14 days from Day 1 postoperatively, and used an intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) pump and compression stockings immediately after the operation. To determine the presence of postoperative DVT, clinical symptoms examination, D-dimer test, color Doppler ultrasound imaging were performed to analyze the risk factors of DVT events. Results: There were a total of 13 patients (11.8%) with DVT in the distal lower limbs among the entire 110 patients. At Day 4 after the operation, a statistically significant difference was seen only in femoral swelling of several clinical symptoms between DVT group and non-DVT group (p = 0.043). D-dimer tests showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups, however with the boundary value of 0.3 mg/L, diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictability and negative predictability were equivalent to 100%, 8.2%, 12.7% and 100%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of well-known risk factors including age, gender, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and anesthesia method, and no case of pulmonary embolism was observed. Conclusion: A combination of pharmacological therapy (rivaroxaban, Xarelto? ) and mechanical therapy (foot sole pump system) after TKA is considered effective for DVT prevention.
Karyotypes of Seven

In recent times the study of chromosome number and chromosome morphology has proved to be of much importance in elucidating the relationships of taxonomical ly related forms. For vertebrates especially the introduction of the method in volving the use of colchicine and hypotonic solution has facilitated the comparison of chromosomal structure on account of chromatid separation and unquestionable localization of the kinetochore. One can often profitably speculate on the type of structural changes of chromosomes involved in differentiation of species and of higher systematic categories. While studying the somatic chromosomes of some birds belonging to the order Passeriformes we found that there prevails a considerable uniformity in chromo somal organization within this order. A brief account of the somatic chromosomes of these birds is given below. The chromosomes have been classified according to the scheme of Levan et al. (1964).
Cultivation and characterization of spirochetes from cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Lyme borreliosis

Attempts were made to culture spirochetes from cerebrospinal fluid samples of 105 patients suspected of having Lyme borreliosis with neurological complications. At the final evaluation, only 38 patients fulfilled the criteria of neuroborreliosis. Spirochetes were cultured from cerebrospinal fluid samples of four of these patients. All four patients had pleocytosis in their cerebrospinal fluid and a history of neurological symptoms of only 4 to 10 days in duration. Two of them had no detectable antibodies against any of the isolated spirochetes in their cerebrospinal fluid, both when tested with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and when tested by immunoblotting. An antibody reaction against the homologous isolate that was distinctly stronger than that against the heterologous isolates was found in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from one patient. The cells of the isolates were morphologically similar and showed a very similar protein pattern when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cells of all isolates reacted with the monoclonal antibodies H5332 and H9724, which also react with Borrelia burgdorferi B31, the type strain. One isolate lost a major protein of 23 kilodaltons after subcultivation for 4 months. We conclude that isolation of spirochetes from cerebrospinal fluid might prove successful in clinically selected cases of Lyme borreliosis.
Lactancia materna en la primera hora de vida: conocimiento y práctica del equipo multiprofesional

Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento y la practica sobre la lactancia materna en la primera hora de vida entre los miembros del equipo multidisciplinario de un hospital en la ciudad de Maringa, Parana. Metodologia: Estudio descriptivo-exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo. Los datos fueron recolectados entre octubre y noviembre del 2013 mediante entrevistas grabadas con 11 participantes. Para el procesamiento de los datos, se utilizo la tecnica de analisis de contenido. Resultados : Se encontro que los profesionales de la salud tienen deficiencias en el conocimiento acerca de la lactancia materna en la primera hora de vida; ademas, la practica no suele realizarse en la institucion, a partir de lo cual surgen desafios y recomendaciones para establecer esta actividad. Conclusiones: Se sugiere incluir esta practica en las politicas del hospital para la promocion y proteccion de la lactancia materna, que consoliden el equipo multidisciplinario y el trabajo colaborativo entre sus miembros.
New Role of Rosea1 in Regulating Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway in Hairy Root of Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.)

We investigated the transcriptional regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in hairy roots system by ectopically expressing Rosea1 and Delila and we found something different from previous research. The RT-PCR results revealed that Rosea1 could activate early and late biosynthetic genes tested, including CHS, DFR and ANS. Delila enhanced the expression of CHS weakly, but did not influence DFR or ANS. The two regulators, Rosea1 and Delila, failed to interplay each other. It was speculated that Delila would be ineffective in the absence of Rosea1, another MYB factor specifically controlling CHS may exist. This investigation provided a new way to increase anthocyanin content by over expressing a MYB factor, potentially to be used in the field of agriculture and food
Feather Vibration as a Stimulus for Sensing Incipient Separation in Falcon Diving Flight

Based on our preceding studies on the aerodynamics of a falcoperegrinus in diving flight along a vertical dam it is known that even when the body shape of the bird is rather streamlined in V-shape some feathers tips may elevate in certain regions of the body. These regions were identified in wind tunnel tests for typical diving flight conditions as regions of locally separated flow. A life-size model in V-shape of a falcoperegrinus with artificial feathers fixed along the body was studied in a wind tunnel to focus on the fluid-structure interaction of feathers located in this sector. The distal ends of the feathers show flow-induced vibrations at typical flight conditions which grow linear in amplitude with increasing angle of incidence until incipient separation. In light of the proven existence of vibration-sensitive mechanoreceptors in the follicles of secondary feathers in birds it is hypothesized that this linear amplitude response offers the bird to sense the angle of incidence during the diving flight using the vibration magnitude as sensory stimulus. Thus the bird in streamlined shape has still a good measure to control its attitude to be in the narrow window of safe angle of incidence. This might have implications also for other birds or technical applications of airfoil sensors regarding incipient separation detection.
The topology of skin friction and surface vorticity fields in wall-bounded flows

In previous studies, the three invariants (P, Q and R) of the velocity gradient tensor have been widely used to investigate turbulent flow structures. For incompressible flows, the first invariant P is zero and the topology of turbulent flow structures can be investigated in terms of the second and third invariants, Q and R, respectively. However, all these three invariants are zero at a no-slip wall and can no longer be used to identify and study structures at the surface in any wall-bounded flow. An alternative scheme is presented here for the classification of critical points at a no-slip wall; the skin friction vector field at the wall is given by the wall normal gradients of the streamwise and spanwise velocity components; at a critical point, these gradients are simultaneously zero. The flow close to critical points in the surface skin friction field can be described by a no-slip Taylor series expansion and the topology of the critical point in the skin friction field is defined by the three invaria.
Scoliosis Associated with Syringomyelia

From January 1986 to December 1991, 1,059 patients with scoliosis of 20$$ or more were reviewed, By magnetic resonance imaging, 43 patients were found to have syringomyelia. Thirty-eight patients had Chiarl type 1 malformation. Twenty-two of the patients were younger than 10 years, Scoliosis was the only presenting symptom in 32 patients, All patients had some neurologic abnormalities, Fifteen patients had left thoracic curves, The incidence of scoliosis with syringomyalia in our outpatient clinic was 4,0%: 18.4% in bays, and 2.6% in girls, Magnetic resonance imaging should be performad in patients who have abnormal reurologic findings.
Association between HbA1c levels with severity of coronary artery disease and short-term outcomes of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction in nondiabetic patients

Background: The severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) is directly related to the quality of glucose control in diabetic patients. Additionally, mortality after an acute coronary syndrome is higher in patients with diabetes and it correlates to the level of glucose control. However, the role of higher gluconated hemoglobin in the process of coronary atherosclerosis and clinical outcome of acute myocardial infarction is unknown. Objectives: To evaluate the association of HbA1c level and severity of CAD and short-term outcomes of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in nondiabetics. Methods: A total of 290 nondiabetic patients with STEMI were prospectively enrolled following their admission. Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on the median percent of HbA1c (⩽5.8% ‘Low’ and >5.8% ‘High’). The severity of CAD based on the Califf scoring system, in-hospital mortality and morbidities of STEMI were compared between groups. Patients were followed for 1 year after discharge to assess readmission and mortality rate. Results: The severity score for CAD was significantly higher in the ‘High’ versus ‘Low’ HbA1c group (7.7 ± 2.7 and 5.5 ± 2.6, p = 0.001). A total of 15 patients died in both groups during the follow-up period. While in-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups, 12-month mortality was significantly higher in the ‘High’ group (7.7% versus 2.7%, p = 0.043). In addition, the rehospitalization rate within 1 year was 8.8% in the ‘Low’ group, which was significantly lower than 19.0% in the ‘High’ group (p = 0.016). Conclusion: Among nondiabetic patients presenting with STEMI, the severity of CAD was higher in those with HbA1c level >5.8%; 1-year mortality and hospital readmission rates were also higher in this group of patients.