Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating nutrition and health impacts of agricultural innovations

Agricultural innovations are seen as a key avenue to improve nutrition and health in smallholder farm households. But details of these agriculture-nutrition-health linkages are not yet well understood. While there is a broad literature on the adoption of agricultural technologies, most studies primarily focus on impacts in terms of productivity and income. Nutrition and health impacts have rarely been analyzed. In this article, we argue that future impact studies should include nutrition and health dimensions more explicitly. A conceptual framework is developed to clarify possible impact pathways. Different nutrition and health metrics are reviewed in terms of their strengths and weaknesses and criteria of choice for different study purposes. To evaluate impacts of particular innovations, the chosen metrics have to be compared between adopters and non-adopters, using a suitable sampling design. Approaches of how to deal with possible selection bias are discussed. Finally, selected empirical examples in which these metrics and methods were used in practice are reviewed.
Modeling, Analysis, and Visualization of Left Ventricle Shape and Motion by Hierarchical Decomposition

This paper presents an approach to the modeling, analysis, and visualization of left ventricle motion and deformation. The authors' modeling of left ventricle shape and motion as a hierarchical representation enables them to develop a promising noninvasive technique for monitoring heart dynamics where both image analysis and image synthesis are involved. The proposed hierarchical motion model of left ventricle is constructed by combining several existing simple models and is able to capture major motion and deformation components of the left ventricle. The hierarchical decomposition characterizes the left ventricle motion and deformation in a coarse-to-fine fashion and leads to computationally efficient estimation algorithms. The authors estimate the global rigid motion of the left ventricle by establishing a time-varying object-centered coordinate system. The global deformations of the left ventricle are obtained by fitting the given data to superquadric modeling primitives. The local deformations are estimated by a tensor-description approach that is based on the locally deformable surface obtained by constructing spherical harmonic local surface from the residues of global shape estimation. The authors also describe in this paper methods of image synthesis and dynamic animation for visualizing the estimated results of the time-varying left ventricle shape, motion, and deformations. These animation results are consistent with the apparent motion pattern of the left ventricle and therefore show the success of the authors' hierarchical decomposition based approach. >
WWM Extended to Account for Wave Diffraction on a Current Over a Rapidly Varying Topography

The WWM (wind wave model) is extended to account for wave refraction-diffraction for wind waves propagating over a rapidly varying seabed in the presence of current. The wave diffraction effect is introduced into the wave action balance equation through the correction of wavenumber and propagation velocities using a diffraction corrected parameter. The approximation is based on the mild-slope equation for wave refraction-diffraction with current effect on a rapidly varying sea bottom. The relative importance of additional terms that influence the corrected diffraction parameter in the presence of currents was first introduced. The comparison of numerical results with other numerical models and experiments show that the validity of the model for describing wave propagating over a rapidly varying bottom with current effect is satisfactory. The implementation of this phase-decoupled refraction-diffraction approximation in WWM shows capability of the present model can be used in most practical engineering situations. © 2008 ASME
Characterization of the Essential Gene glmM Encoding Phosphoglucosamine Mutase in Escherichia coli(*)

Two different approaches to identify the gene encoding the phosphoglucosamine mutase in Escherichia coli were used: (i) the purification to near homogeneity of this enzyme from a wild type strain and the determination of its N-terminal amino acid sequence; (ii) the search in data bases of an E. coli protein of unknown function showing sequence similarities with other hexosephosphate mutase activities. Both investigations revealed the same open reading frame named yhbF located within the leuU-dacB region at 69.5 min on the chromosome (Dallas, W. S., Dev, I. K., and Ray, P. H.(1993) J. Bacteriol. 175, 7743-7744). The predicted 445-residue protein with a calculated mass of 47.5 kDa contained in particular a short region GIVISASHNP with high similarity to the putative active site of hexosephosphate mutases. In vitro assays showed that the overexpression of this gene in E. coli cells led to a significant overproduction (from 15- to 50-fold) of phosphoglucosamine mutase activity. A hexose 1,6-diphosphate-dependent phosphorylation of the enzyme, which probably involves the serine residue at position 102, is apparently required for its catalytic action. As expected, the inactivation of this gene, which is essential for bacterial growth, led to the progressive depletion of the pools of precursors located downstream from glucosamine 1-phosphate in the pathway for peptidoglycan synthesis. This was followed by various alterations of cell shape and finally cells were lysed when their peptidoglycan content decreased to a critical value corresponding to about 60% of its normal level. The gene for this enzyme, which is essential for peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide biosyntheses, has been designated glmM.
Anticancer Effect in HL-60 Human Leukemia Cells and Other Helath-Beneficial Functions of Cheese

With regard to the aim of cancer prevention and/or treatment, a considerable number of basic studies have indicated that dairy and other plant-originated natural food products may possess anticancer activity. On the growth of human leukemia cells, for example, enzymatically digested skim milk or fermented milk cultured with various bacteria can exhibit differential suppressive activities. Our research team has previously revealed that highly ripened cheese was capable of demonstrating strong growth inhibition and induction of apoptotic DNA damage on HL-60 human promyelocyticleukemia cells. In this short review, the available information concerning potent anticancer effects of cheese was summarized. From the stand point of Food Science, functional implications for cancer prevention as well as multifaceted function of cheese are discussed.
A leftward bias however you look at it: Revisiting the emotional chimeric face task as a tool for measuring emotion lateralization

ABSTRACT Left hemiface biases observed within the Emotional Chimeric Face Task (ECFT) support emotional face perception models whereby all expressions are preferentially processed by the right hemisphere. However, previous research using this task has not considered that the visible midline between hemifaces might engage atypical facial emotion processing strategies in upright or inverted conditions, nor controlled for left visual field (thus right hemispheric) visuospatial attention biases. This study used novel emotional chimeric faces (blended at the midline) to examine laterality biases for all basic emotions. Left hemiface biases were demonstrated across all emotional expressions and were reduced, but not reversed, for inverted faces. The ECFT bias in upright faces was significantly increased in participants with a large attention bias. These results support the theory that left hemiface biases reflect a genuine bias in emotional face processing, and this bias can interact with attention processes similarly localized in the right hemisphere.
Substrate utilization during prolonged exercise after ingestion of 13C-glucose in obese and control subjects.

This study was performed to investigate whether the difference in substrate utilization observed between obese and control individuals at rest still exists during prolonged exercise. Using a combination of respiratory exchange and tracer techniques, six obese and six control subjects were investigated while exercising for 2 h on a bicycle ergometer, 1 h after ingesting 100 g naturally-enriched 13C-glucose. Oxidation rates of protein, lipid and carbohydrate (CHO) were measured by indirect calorimetry and that of exogenous glucose by mass spectrometry (13CO2). Before exercise the obese subjects presented a lower rate of CHO utilization with a mean respiratory quotient of . 803 compared to . 858 for the controls. This impairement of CHO utilization disappeared during exercise where total CHO oxidation was found to be comparable for the obese (94.0 +/- 8.4 g) and the control group (94.3 +/- 6.1g). Exogenous-glucose oxidation was even slightly more elevated in the obese subjects (33.6 +/- 2.5 g compared with 28.1 +/- 2.3 g). Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the improvement in CHO utilization during exercise after a glucose load: (1) The fall in FFA is sufficient to suppress the inhibition of CHO uptake and oxidation; (2) The insulin resistance decreases during exercise. In conclusion, this study supports the concept that exercise performed by obese individuals stimulates CHO utilization with a concomitant improvement in glucose tolerance.
An inquiry into child and youth care narratives of experience in children's mental health treatment

This study is concerned with the inter-subjectively co-constructed narratives of experience, for Child and Youth Care practitioners, in an agency-based school program which focuses on treatment of DSM diagnosed children. This school-based program is formally committed to a strength-based practice for treatment of mental disorder. A Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) diagnosis is required for admission to this program. This agency-based practice exists at the intersection of dissonant discourses of understanding, in the treatment of children‘s mental disorder. In this study, a narrative methodology of inquiry, situated in a post-modern epistemology of understanding, was utilized to investigate the narratives of experience of four Child and Youth Care practitioners. Narratives are distinctive units of speech that are typically employed by the
Quantitative SSR Analysis of Series-Compensated DFIG-Based Wind Farms Using Aggregated RLC Circuit Model

A new type of subsynchronous resonance (SSR), namely, subsynchronous control interaction (SSCI), was recently observed in doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) interfaced with series-compensated power networks. In this paper, a more accurate method based on aggregated RLC circuit model is proposed to intuitively explain and quantitatively evaluate this type of SSR. For a practical power system containing multiple DFIGs and fixed series compensation, an improved impedance model (IM) is derived, which incorporates DFIG's full-scale control system. Around the series-resonant frequency, IM can be further represented with an aggregated RLC circuit model. Its equivalent parameters are worked out and then used for the quantitative assessment of potential SSR risk. The proposed method is applied for SSR analysis of a practical wind farm system in North China that experienced actual SSR incidents. The consistence between the obtained results and field measured data verifies its effectiveness very well. Further, its advantage in accuracy over existing impedance-based approaches is validated by both eigenvalue analysis and time-domain simulations. The method is also used to quantitatively investigate the impact on SSR stability from the various factors, including wind speed, number of online DFIGs and their control parameters.
Enhancement of vascular endothelial growth factor–mediated angiogenesis in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells: role of Pin1 overexpression

Acquired resistance to tamoxifen (TAM) is a serious therapeutic problem in breast cancer patients. Here, we found that TAM-resistant MCF-7 cells (TAMR-MCF-7 cells) produced higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) than control MCF-7 cells. Molecular analyses using reporter genes and Western blots supported the involvement of c-Jun/activator protein-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in enhanced VEGF transcription in TAMR-MCF-7 cells. Pin1, a peptidyl prolyl isomerase, was consistently overexpressed in TAMR-MCF-7 cells, and c-Jun/activator protein-1–dependent VEGF transcription in TAMR-MCF-7 cells was almost completely inhibited by Pin1 siRNA and by the Pin1 inhibitor juglone. Chick chorioallantoic membrane assays confirmed that the increased angiogenic intensity of TAMR-MCF-7 cells was significantly suppressed by Pin1 inhibition. These results show that Pin1 overexpression is closely associated with VEGF-mediated angiogenesis and suggest that Pin1 is a potential therapeutic target of excessive angiogenesis in TAM-resistant breast cancer cases. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(8):2163–71]
Stock Price Reaction to Dividend Announcements

Dividend declaration is considered as one of the key focus areas of the organisation's financial policy. Majority of the companies consider it advantageous to declare the dividends, as it will have positive impact on its goodwill and the share prices. The dividend surprise conveys the same information as earnings surprise. Managers use the increase of dividends to signal about the firm. It means that firms announcing dividend initiations and increases should experience positive abnormal returns, while firms cutting and reducing dividend suffers negative abnormal returns. In this background, the present study is an attempt to study the stock price reaction to 65 dividend announcements (increase) by 28 companies during the period 2006-09 listed on BSE 30 Sensex. The analysis had been undertaken using Event study methodology. The study exposed the fact that stock prices do react to increase in dividend announcements and dividend announcements do possess signaling property. The study also found out that Indian stock market is inefficient.
Pathological TDP‐43 distinguishes sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with SOD1 mutations

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a common, fatal motor neuron disorder with no effective treatment. Approximately 10% of cases are familial ALS (FALS), and the most common genetic abnormality is superoxide dismutase‐1 (SOD1) mutations. Most ALS research in the past decade has focused on the neurotoxicity of mutant SOD1, and this knowledge has directed therapeutic strategies. We recently identified TDP‐43 as the major pathological protein in sporadic ALS. In this study, we investigated TDP‐43 in a larger series of ALS cases (n = 111), including familial cases with and without SOD1 mutations.
PALEOPARASITOLOGICAL REPORT ON THE STOOL FROM A MEDIEVAL CHILD MUMMY IN YANGJU, KOREA

Previous studies have successfully shown evidence for parasitic infections in human remains from various archaeological sites. However, in the case of Korea, since there have been very few paleoparasitological reports published, pre-20th century parasitic infection patterns remain obscure. Therefore, in order to partly fill this gap, we are reporting on a case of paleoparasitic infection from the feces of a 15th century child mummy from Yangju, Korea. In the course of the present study, we found the eggs of Clonorchis sinensis, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura in the feces of the mummy. Trichuris trichiura eggs were found in far greater numbers than other parasite eggs; in fact, intact bipolar plugs were clearly observed and even the larvae were still visible in some eggs. The eggs of C. sinensis and A. lumbricoides were also well preserved, though not in as great a number. Since we could find a number of well-preserved larvae-containing eggs, we are encouraged that successful extraction, amplification, and sequence determination of ancient DNA from the paleoparasite eggs might be possible in future studies. With additional paleoparasitological investigation using feces from Korean mummies, we hope that a history of parasite infection in Korea will be reconstructed.
Paradoxes and Dual Processes: A Review and Synthesis

Paradox and dual&#8208;process theories are used by management and organization researchers in studying a variety of phenomena across a wide range of management sub&#8208;fields. Cognition is a focal point of both of these theories. However, despite their growing importance and shared areas of inquiry, these two theories have developed largely in isolation from each other. To address this lack of integration, the authors conducted a review and synthesis of relevant aspects of the paradox and dual&#8208;process literatures. Focusing bidirectionally on how paradox theory informs dual&#8208;process theory and how dual&#8208;process theory informs paradox theory, they highlight the &#8216;nestedness&#8217; of intuition and analysis in paradox (a paradox within paradoxical thinking). On the basis of the review and synthesis, they identify four themes (epistemological and ontological assumptions in the relationship between intuition and analysis; psychological and psychometric issues in the relationships between intuition and analysis; managers&#8217; experiences of tensions between intuition and analysis; managers&#8217; approaches to tensions between intuition and analysis) and introduce an integrative framework that assimilates these two perspectives and sets out an agenda for future research and implications for management.
Green Supply Chain Management as Competitive Advantage a Perspective of Intellectual Capital

Since environmental issues have caught attention of academia and practitioners during this decade, enterprises face a great deal of pressure from rivals, customers and suppliers as well in the competitive landscape. Nevertheless, once if green supply chain management (GSCM) practices are to be completely adopted by all enterprises, a demonstrable link between measures and improving competitiveness is inevitable. From the perspective of intellectual capital (IC), an organization theory, this paper aims to explore and identify the adoption of GSCM practice of a case company as a tool of competitive advantage. Based on literature reviews, we adopt a case study strategy, selected representative enterprise, a TFT-LCD leading corporation as well as being one of the largest panel manufacturers in Taiwan, to illustrate how IC (human capital, organizational capital and customer capital) directs the competitiveness of GSCM implementation. Results from this study, the role of IC in building competitive advantage for enterprises that technological advancement may bring different implications for valuation of IC. Additionally, the main results showed IC has positive impact on the human capital (i.e. opportunity and risk perception, business experience and level of motivation), organization capital (i.e. firm capacity to adapt quickly to change and the advanced technology upgrading), and customer capital (i.e. development of productive business networks and industrial regulations) those of are important intangible assets, and which seem to be related positively to build competitive advantage for organizations. Moreover, we draw three propositions from the results. Finally, implications for the theory and practice of GSCM as well as research limitations are discussed.
Clinical and radiologic evaluation of 70 immediately loaded single implants in the maxillary esthetic zone: preliminary results after 1 year of functional loading.

PURPOSE A key challenge in implant treatment in the esthetic zone is to provide patients with crowns and peri-implant mucosa that are in harmony with the adjacent teeth to restore both function and esthetics. The aim of the present study was to show the preliminary results of an immediate loading protocol in the maxillary esthetic zone that is designed to preserve the soft tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were treated with immediately loaded single-tooth implants (Seven, MIS). Implants were inserted in fresh postextraction sites or in single edentulous sites with clinically and radiologically healed bone. After 8 weeks of loading, the provisional crowns and abutments were modified as needed to enhance the esthetics of the gingival margins. Definitive restorations were delivered 4 to 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS Seventy patients were treated; 25 implants were placed in fresh extraction sites, and the remaining 45 implants were inserted in healed single edentulous sites. All implants were stable, and radiographs showed complete osseointegration after 1 year of functional loading. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows promising results for immediate loading of single implants. All implant sites fulfilled success criteria in terms of function and esthetics, and particularly promising results were seen following additional adjustments of the provisional restorations to preserve interdental papillae.
The use of X‐shaped cross‐link in posterior spinal constructs improves stability in thoracolumbar burst fracture: A finite element analysis

Posterior instrumentation is a common fixation method used to treat thoracolumbar burst fractures. However, the role of different cross‐link configurations in improving fixation stability in these fractures has not been established. A 3D finite element model of T11‐L3 was used to investigate the biomechanical behavior of short (2 level) and long (4 level) segmental spine pedicle screw fixation with various cross‐links to treat a hypothetical L1 vertebra burst fracture. Three types of cross‐link configurations with an applied moment of 7.5 Nm and 200 N axial force were evaluated. The long construct was stiffer than the short construct irrespective of whether the cross‐links were used (p < 0.05). The short constructs showed no significant differences between the cross‐link configurations. The XL cross‐link provided the highest stiffness and was 14.9% stiffer than the one without a cross‐link. The long construct resulted in reduced stress to the adjacent vertebral bodies and screw necks, with 66.7% reduction in bending stress on L2 when the XL cross‐link was used. Thus, the stability for L1 burst fracture fixation was best achieved by using long segmental posterior instrumentation constructs and an XL cross‐link configuration. Cross‐links did not improved stability when a short structure was used. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1447–1454, 2013
Naloxone reverses inhibitory effect of electroacupuncture on sympathetic cardiovascular reflex responses

DONG M. CHAO,1 LIN L. SHEN,1 STEPHANIE TJEN-A-LOOI,2 KOULLIS F. PITSILLIDES,3 PENG LI,1 AND JOHN C. LONGHURST2 1Department of Physiology, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Human Physiology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; and 2Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92868