Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Hybrid Simulation of Seismically Isolated Structures with Full-Scale Bearings and Large Computational Models

: Hybrid simulation can be a cost effective approach for dynamic testing of structural components at full scale while capturing the system level response through interactions with a numerical model. The dynamic response of a seismically isolated structure depends on the combined characteristics of the ground motion, bearings, and superstructure. Therefore, dynamic full-scale system level tests of isolated structures under realistic dynamic loading conditions are desirable towards a holistic validation of this earthquake protection strategy. Moreover, bearing properties and their ultimate behavior have been shown to be highly dependent on rate-of-loading and scale size effects, especially under extreme loading conditions. Few laboratory facilities can test full-scale seismic isolation bearings under prescribed displacement and/or loading protocols. The adaptation of a full-scale bearing test machine for the implementation of real-time hybrid simulation is presented here with a focus on the challenges encountered in attaining reliable simulation results for large scale dynamic tests. These advanced real-time hybrid simulations of large and complex hybrid models with several thousands of degrees of freedom are some of the first to use high performance parallel computing to rapidly execute the numerical analyses. Challenges in the experimental setup included measured forces contaminated by delay and other systematic control errors in applying desired displacements. Friction and inertial forces generated by the large-scale loading apparatus can affect the accuracy of measured force feedbacks. Reliable results from real-time hybrid simulation requires implementation of compensation algorithms and correction of these various sources of errors. Overall, this research program confirms that real-time hybrid simulation is a viable testing method to experimentally assess the behavior of full-scale isolators while capturing interactions with the numerical models of the superstructure to evaluate system level and in-structure response.
Literacy Coaching: A Handbook for School Leaders

Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors 1. Fail-Safe Literacy Coaching 2. Literacy Coaching: Working Together and Learning Together 3. Preparing to Be a Literacy Coach 4. Getting Ready to Provide Literacy Coaching Service 5. Building the Literacy Team 6. Monitoring and Communicating Data on Student Achievement 7. Supporting Intensive Intervention 8. Delivering Meaningful Professional Development 9. Managing Challenges References Index
WALLABY early science − V. ASKAP H i imaging of the Lyon Group of Galaxies 351

We present an H i study of the galaxy group LGG 351 using Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind Survey (WALLABY) early science data observed with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). LGG 351 resides behind the M 83 group at a velocity range (cz) of ∼3500–4800 km s−1 within the rich Hydra-Centaurus overdensity region. We detect 40 sources with the discovery of a tidally interacting galaxy pair and two new H i sources that are not presented in previous optical catalogues. 23 out of 40 sources have new redshifts derived from the new H i data. This study is the largest WALLABY sub-sample to date and also allows us to further validate the performance of ASKAP and the data reduction pipeline askapsoft. Extended H i emission is seen in six galaxies indicating interaction within the group, although no H i debris is found. We also detect H i in a known ultra-faint dwarf galaxy (dw 1328−29), which demonstrates that it is not a satellite of the M 83 group as previously thought. In conjunction with multiwavelength data, we find that our galaxies follow the atomic gas fraction and baryonic Tully–Fisher scaling relations derived from the GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey. In addition, majority of our galaxies fall within the star formation main sequence indicating inefficiency of gas removal processes in this loose galaxy group.
Gliding on a layer of air: impact of a large-viscosity drop on a liquid film

In this paper we contrast the early impact stage of a highly viscous drop onto a liquid versus a solid substrate. Water drops impacting at low velocities can rebound from a solid surface without contact. This dynamic is mediated through lubrication of a thin air layer between the liquid and solid. Drops can also rebound from a liquid surface, but only for low Weber numbers. Impacts at higher velocities in both cases lead to circular contacts which entrap an air disc under the centre of the drop. Increasing the drop viscosity produces extended air films for impacts on a smooth solid surface even for much larger velocities. These air films eventually break through random wetting contacts with the solid. Herein we use high-speed interferometry to study the extent and thickness profile of the air film for a large-viscosity drop impacting onto a viscous film of the same liquid. We demonstrate a unified scaling of the centreline height of the air film for impacts on both solid and liquid, when using the effective impact velocity. On the other hand, we show that the large-viscosity liquid film promotes air films of larger extent. Furthermore, the rupture behaviour becomes fundamentally different, with the air film between the two compliant surfaces being more stable, lacking the random wetting patches seen on the solid. We map the parameter range where these air films occur and explore the transition from gliding to ring contact at the edge of the drop dimple. After the air film ruptures, the initial contraction occurs very rapidly and for viscosities greater than 100 cSt the retraction velocity of the air film is ${\sim}0.3~\text{m}~\text{s}^{-1}$ , independent of the liquid viscosity and impact velocity, in sharp contrast with theoretical predictions.
Pengaruh Struktur Aset, Likuiditas, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Struktur Modal yang Dimoderasi Oleh Ukuran Perusahaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur aset, likuiditas, dan profitabilitas terhadap struktur modal dimoderasi oleh ukuran perusahaan. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 59 perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar tidak berturut-turut pada indeks LQ45 periode 2012-2017 di Indonesia. Model ini menggunakan data panel tidak berimbang dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model. Dikontrol oleh sales growth, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur asset dan likuiditas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Profitabilitas berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Size memoderasi pengaruh struktur aset dan likuiditas terhadap struktur modal. Size tidak memoderasi pengaruh profitabilitas terhadap struktur modal.
Redesigning the Clinical Effectiveness Research Paradigm: Innovation and Practice-Based Approaches: Workshop Summary

Recent scientific and technological advances have accelerated our understanding of the causes of disease development and progression, and resulted in innovative treatments and therapies. Ongoing work to elucidate the effects of individual genetic variation on patient outcomes suggests the rapid pace of discovery in the biomedical sciences will only accelerate. However, these advances belie an important and increasing shortfall between the expansion in therapy and treatment options and knowledge about how these interventions might be applied appropriately to individual patients. The impressive gains made in Americans' health over the past decades provide only a preview of what might be possible when data on treatment effects and patient outcomes are systematically captured and used to evaluate their effectiveness. Needed for progress are advances as dramatic as those experienced in biomedicine in our approach to assessing clinical effectiveness. In the emerging era of tailored treatments and rapidly evolving practice, ensuring the translation of scientific discovery into improved health outcomes requires a new approach to clinical evaluation. A paradigm that supports a continual learning process about what works best for individual patients will not only take advantage of the rigor of trials, but also incorporate other methods that might bring insights relevant to clinical care and endeavor to match the right method to the question at hand. The Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Value & Science-Driven Health Care's vision for a learning healthcare system, in which evidence is applied and generated as a natural course of care, is premised on the development of a research capacity that is structured to provide timely and accurate evidence relevant to the clinical decisions faced by patients and providers. As part of the Roundtable's Learning Healthcare System series of workshops, clinical researchers, academics, and policy makers gathered for the workshop Redesigning the Clinical Effectiveness Research Paradigm: Innovation and Practice-Based Approaches. Participants explored cutting-edge research designs and methods and discussed strategies for development of a research paradigm to better accommodate the diverse array of emerging data resources, study designs, tools, and techniques. Presentations and discussions are summarized in this volume.
Measurement of the branching fraction and CP asymmetry in B+ ρ +π0

We report a measurement of the branching fraction for the decay B + → ρ+π0 based on a 140 fb -1 data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e- collider. We measure the branching fraction B(B+ →+π0) = (13.2 ± 2.3(stat)-1.9 +(syst)) × 10-6, and the CP-violating asymmetry ACP(B± ρ ±π0) = 0.06 ± 0.17(stat) -0.05 +0.04(syst). © 2005 The American Physical Society.
Magnon-Induced Nonreciprocity Based on the Magnon Kerr Effect

While nonreciprocal devices such as light isolators and circulators are becoming indispensable components in classical and quantum information processing, nonreciprocity in cavity magnon systems, which offer distinct advantages, still needs investigation. This study proposes an intrinsically tunable two-cavity magnon system that can achieve nonreciprocal light transmission, based on the magnon Kerr effect. By adjusting the external magnetic field, even one-way transmission can be obtained. These results point the way to microscale magnonic structures for potential applications in light diodes, on-chip light control, and optical communication.
Multichannel Metasurfaces for Anticounterfeiting

1 SUPA, Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK 2 Nanofabrication Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China 3 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 4 Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China 5 School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Amplitude-phase method for solving Floquet-type problems

The understanding of one-dimensional quantal and dynamical problems is fundamental to problems involving stability of material constructions, quantum tunneling in solids, chemical selection of gas components, electronic properties of material nanostructures. An amplitude-phase method for one-dimensional Schrödinger/Hill-type equations with periodic potentials/coefficients is shown to provide detailed insights into Floquet-type quantal and dynamical problems. Method-independent real and periodic local amplitude and wave-number (or angular frequency) functions are found for bounded Floquet solutions. Regular and weakly singular periodic potentials/coefficients of analytic forms apply.
Quantitative propagation of chaos of McKean-Vlasov equations via the master equation

McKean-Vlasov stochastic differential equations (MVSDEs) are ubiquitous in kinetic theory and in controlled games with a large number of players. They have been intensively studied since McKean, as they pave a way to probabilistic representations for many important nonlinear/nonlocal PDEs. Classically, their simulation involves using standard particle systems, which replace the evolving law in MVSDEs by the evolving empirical measure of the particles. However, this type of simulation is costly in terms of computational complexity, due to the interaction between the particles. Apart from classical techniques in stochastic analysis, the approach in this thesis relies heavily on the calculus on Wasserstein space, presented by P. Lions in his course at Collège de France. An important object in our study, is a PDE written on the product space of the space of time horizon and the Wasserstein space, which is a generalisation of the classical FeynmanKac PDE. This PDE, namely the master equation, provides a new insight into the study of mean-field limits of particles and consequently allows us to solve many problems on MVSDEs that are very difficult/impossible to solve by classical techniques. The layout of the thesis is as follows. We start by a recap on classical results of MVSDEs (Chapter 2), followed by a full exposition of Wasserstein calculus on the results that we need (Chapter 3). Chapters 4 and 5 propose approximating systems to MVSDEs (as alternatives to the classical particle system) via Romberg extrapolation and Antithetic Multi-level Monte-Carlo estimation respectively, which are less costly in terms of computational complexity. Finally, in Chapter 6, we explore the converse: given a standard particle system, we hope to find an alternative mean-field limit that gives a better approximation to the standard particle system.
H∞ switching fuzzy control of solar power generation systems with asymmetric input constraint

This paper aims at presenting a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for photovoltaic (PV) systems subject to asymmetric input constraint. Indeed, the output voltage of the DC‐DC converter used for adjusting the photovoltaic output power can be controlled by means of variation of duty ratio limited between 1 and 0. The control design goal is to improve the efficiency of PV systems under asymmetric saturation of duty ratio. To achieve this goal, first, a Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model is used to represent the nonlinear behavior of the PV system. A T–S reference model is employed to give the ideal state direction which must be followed. To achieve a good steady state tracking, the integral of the state tracking error is used to define an extended system state vector. Second, the input characteristic is partitioned into several regions. In each region, the asymmetric saturation function can be considered as a symmetric saturation function. Furthermore, H∞ stabilization conditions for the resulting switching fuzzy control of the PV system under actuator saturation are formulated in term of linear matrix inequalities (LMI) using the Lyapunov approach. Simulation results are exhibited to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
Development and Application of a High-Performance Triangular Shell Element and an Explicit Algorithm in Opensees for Strongly Nonlinear Analysis

: The open-source finite element software, OpenSees, is widely used in the earthquake engineering community. However, the shell elements and explicit algorithm in OpenSees still require further improvements. Therefore, in this work, a triangular shell element, NLDKGT, and an explicit algorithm are proposed and implemented in OpenSees. Specifically, based on the generalized conforming theory and the updated Lagrangian formulation, the proposed NLDKGT element is suitable for problems with complicated boundary conditions and strong nonlinearity. The accuracy and reliability of the NLDKGT element are validated through typical cases. Furthermore, by adopting the leapfrog integration method, an explicit algorithm in OpenSees and a modal damping model are developed. Finally, the stability and efficiency of the proposed shell element and explicit algorithm are validated through the nonlinear time-history analysis of a high-rise building.
Sifat Fisik dan Penerimaan Roti Tawar dari Tepung Komposit Terigu dan Singkong dengan Variasi Lama Pencampuran Adonan

This study was aimed to find out the physical characteristics and sensory acceptance of bread made from different variations of wheat and cassava composite flour ratio, and the dough’s mixing duration. The research was conducted experimentally with 4 ratio variations of wheat and cassava flours, namely 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30, and 3 variations of dough mixing duration, namely 10 minutes, 15 minutes and 20 minutes. The analyzed parameters for dough were the development and the elongation, and for bread were the development, hardness, elasticity, and acceptance. The results showed that the higher the cassava flour proportion, the lower the level of dough development. The dough development was affected by mixing duration, but there was no increasing tendency of the cassava flour. The treatment of 100:0 (15 minutes), which was not significantly different from 90:10 (15 minutes), indicated the highest dough development. The higher the cassava flour proportion, the lower the dough’s tensile strength and the strain, while the mixing duration showed the influence on the dough’s tensile strength and strain. Both indicators gave the same highest point, it was the treatment of 100:0 (15 minutes). The bigger the cassava flour proportion, the lower the bread development. The highest bread development was given by 100:0 treatment, but there was no effect of mixing time on this treatment. The bigger the cassava flour proportion, the higher the bread’s hardness, while for the bread’s elasticity, it showed the opposite, the higher cassava flour, the lower the bread’s elasticity. The two bread texture indicators were influenced by the mixing time but did not provide a steady tendency toward the increasing proportion of cassava flour. The highest bread hardness was indicated by the 70:30 treatment, while the biggest bread elasticity was with the treatment of 100:0. The highest acceptance of bread was revealed by 100:0 treatment, which was not significantly different from 90:10 treatment.
Characterizing Axially Blown Arcs for Passive Oscillation DC Switches

Switchgear for high voltage direct current transmission systems is needed, especially for schemes with more than one terminal. In the 1980s, concepts for circuit breakers were developed [BMR85, VCP85,LSY85], which used the passive oscillation principle. These were designed for line commutated converters (LCC), which inherently limit the current in case of a fault and can tolerate fault neutralization times between 30ms and 60ms. In the last decade, significant advances were made in the field of voltage source converters. These allow greater flexibility, namely power flow reversal without the need of reversing polarity, and an independent control of active and reactive power on the AC side. In case of a fault, VSC converters do not limit the current. In contrast, they feature filter capacitors on the DC side, which quickly discharge into a fault leading to a high di/dt [Buc14]. Additionally, they usually use IGBTs, which are much less tolerant to overcurrents than the thyristors in LCC converters. This combination, as well as the fact that there are real multi terminal projects (for example 3 terminals in Nan’ao, 5 terminals in Zhoushan, 4 and 7 terminals in Zhangbei 1 & 2 respectively, according to [ATW17]) sparked another wave of DC breaker research. Technical Brochure 683 of CIGRE nicely summarizes the state-of-the-art in the year 2014 [CTB683]. Circuit breakers which can neutralize a quickly rising fault current (>3 kAms−1) in less than 10ms or even 5ms were developed, for example [CBHJ12] or [TWZ16, WWR14, ZYC18, WYC18, WLL18]. Those are rather complex devices, compared with the passive oscillation topology. However, the CIGRE-working group also identified several cases, where ultra high speed and complexity is not necessary, and therefore Transfer Switches with passive oscillation topology are still a viable option, if they can be improved. This thesis investigates the voltage-current characteristic u(i) of gas blast interrupters, which is the main component of passive oscillation
Impact of GPS Processing on the Estimation of Snow Water Equivalent Using Refracted GPS Signals

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antennas buried underneath a snowpack have a high potential for in situ snow water equivalent (SWE) estimation. Automated and continuous SWE quantification independent of weather conditions could enhance snow hydrological monitoring and modeling. Accurate and reliable in situ data are needed for the calibration and validation of remote sensing data and snowpack modeling. A relative bias of less than 5% is achieved using sub-snow global positioning system (GPS) antennas (GPS refractometry) during a three full seasons time period in the Swiss Alps. A systematic overview regarding the temporal reliability of the sub-snow GPS derived results is, however, missing for this emerging technique. Moreover, GPS processing impacts the results significantly. Different GPS processing parameters are therefore selected and their influence on the SWE estimation is investigated. The impact of elevation-dependent weighting, the elevation cutoff angles, and the time intervals for SWE estimation are systematically assessed. The best results are achieved using all observations with an elevation-dependent weighting scheme. Moreover, the SWE estimation performance is equally accurate for hourly SWE estimation as for lower temporal resolutions up to daily estimates. The impact of snow on the coordinate solution is furthermore evaluated. While the east and north components are not systematically influenced by the overlying snowpack, the vertical component exhibits a significant variation and strongly depends on the SWE. The biased vertical component therefore provides an additional possibility to estimate SWE.
Changing Intrasynoptic Type Characteristics and Interannual Frequencies of Circulation Patterns Conducive to Lake-Effect Snowfall

Using a temporal synoptic index, synoptic-scale atmospheric patterns suitable for lake-effect snow downwind of Lakes Erie and Ontario are identified and analyzed from 1950 to 2009. In response to prior research noting a trend reversal of snowfall in this region, changes in the inherent meteorological characteristics and winter-season frequencies of lake-effect synoptic weather types are evaluated as possible forcing mechanisms. Four atmospheric patterns are identified during the December–February winter season as lake-effect synoptic types. Changes in inherent meteorological characteristics and winter frequencies of these types are attributed to between 88% and 95% of the observed snowfall changes during the study period. Decreasing air temperatures and surface pressures, increasing boundary layer instability, and changes toward stronger zonal flow are noted for multiple lake-effect synoptic types from 1950 to 1979 as likely forcing mechanisms of observed snowfall increases, on the order of nearly 1.0 cm yr−1 downwind of Lake Ontario per individual synoptic type. Similarly, the significant increases in the winter frequency of multiple lake-effect synoptic types also are attributed to some of the increases in snowfall. From 1980 to 2009, however, the lake-effect synoptic types remained relatively unchanged or decreased in frequency, as did snowfall totals. The results of this study indicate that changes in the synoptic-scale environment are a viable mechanism forcing snowfall trends, in addition to the more commonly considered seasonal temperature and lake-ice considerations, and should be incorporated into future discussions of lake-effect snowfall projections.