Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Family Interaction Patterns and Their Association With Family Support Among Women With Breast Cancer

Background: Family support often plays a major role in helping women accept, cope with, and recover from breast cancer, and yet its association with specific family interaction patterns among racially diverse women facing breast cancer has been insufficiently examined. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine what specific family interaction patterns exist among diverse women with breast cancer and determine if these family interaction patterns are significantly associated with levels of perceived family support and family support satisfaction reported by these women. Methods: Participants were 73 white women and 18 African American women with breast cancer. Results: Three different family interaction patterns were identified (ie, cohesive-expressive, conflictual, and nonexpressive). Also, (a) the African American women in cohesive-expressive families versus conflictual families were more satisfied with their emotional family support, (b) the non-Hispanic white women in conflictual families versus nonexpressive families perceived that they received significantly more tangible family support, and (c) the non-Hispanic white women in cohesive-expressive families and those in conflictual families perceived that they received significantly more emotional support from their family members than did non-Hispanic white women in nonexpressive families. Conclusions: Three main family interaction patterns were found among African American and non-Hispanic white women with breast cancer, which were associated with levels of satisfaction with family support or perceived family support. Implications for Practice: Findings from this study can be used to (a) more accurately assess the levels of satisfaction with family support experienced by diverse women with breast cancer and (b) implement family interventions to increase family support for these women.
Composition and toxicity of essential oil of Illicium simonsii Maxim (Illiciaceae) fruit against the maize weevils.

The essential oil of Illicium simonsii fruit was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 40 components of the essential oil were identified. The principal compounds in I. simonsii fruit essential oil were �-caryophyllene (10.30%), �-cadinene (9.52%), methyl eugenol (8.94), �-elemene (5.84%), and �-amorphene (5.20%). The essential oil possessed strong fumigant toxicity against Sitophilus zeamais adults with a LC 50 value of 14.95 mg/L air. The essential oil also showed contact toxicity against S. zeamais adults with a LD 50 value of 112.74 µg/adult.
Genetics of host plant use and life history in the comma butterfly across Europe: varying modes of inheritance as a potential reproductive barrier

Comma butterflies (Nymphalidae: Polygonia c‐album L.) from one Belgian site and three Spanish sites were crossed with butterflies from a Swedish population in order to investigate inheritance of female host plant choice, egg mass and larval growth rate. We found three different modes of inheritance for the three investigated traits. In line with earlier results from crosses between Swedish and English populations, the results regarding female oviposition preference (choice between Urtica dioica and Salix caprea) showed X‐linked inheritance to be of importance for the variation between Sweden and the other sites. Egg mass and growth rate did not show any sex‐linked inheritance. Egg mass differences between populations seem to be controlled mainly by additive autosomal genes, as hybrids showed intermediate values. The growth rates of both hybrid types following reciprocal crossings were similar to each other but consistently higher than for the two source populations, suggesting a nonadditive mode of inheritance which is not sex‐linked. The different modes of inheritance for host plant preference vs. important life history traits are likely to result in hybrids with unfit combinations of traits. This type of potential reproductive barrier based on multiple ecologically important traits deserves more attention, as it should be a common situation for instance in the early stages of population divergence in host plant usage, facilitating ecological speciation.
Ten seasons of the football banning order: police officer narratives on the operation of banning orders and the impact on the behaviour of ‘risk supporters’

The football banning order was implemented under the Football (Disorder) Act (2000) to target ‘risk supporters’ where the supporter had: (a) previously been involved in football-related disorder; and (b) was likely to be involved in future disorder. Although viewed by the government of the day as a necessary tool to tackle football hooliganism, it was criticised by opponents as draconian due to the restrictive conditions that could be imposed via civil process (on complaint) where no criminal conviction needed to be secured. Despite these ethical concerns, little research has considered how those responsible for the operation of the orders identify and target risk supporters or the impact orders have on the behaviour of risk supporters. This paper aims to redress this gap in the research by presenting the findings of a number of interviews with police officers responsible for the operation of banning orders. The findings show police officers construct narratives that emphasise the need to control risk supporters and suggest banning orders have worked to serve this function. However, closer analysis of the data suggests that the number of banning orders implemented is partially generated by pressure to deliver targets and a desire of officers to justify and preserve their roles. This raises questions about the extent to which pressures to ensure banning orders are issued outweigh any ethical concerns over the use of the legislation.
The influence of blood gas properties on gas tensions and pH of ventral and dorsal aortic blood in free-swimming tuna, Euthynnus affinis

We have developed a technique for capture, anaesthetization, instrumentation and release of tuna and have made the first determinations of blood gas values in dorsal and ventral aortae of free-swimming tuna. Dorsal aortic Po2 varied from 34.5 to 91.7 mmHg, and Pcoco2 ranged from 3.7 to 7mmHg. Dorsal aortic blood [pHa = 7.77 ± 0.04 (8), mean ± one S.E. M. (N)] was more alkaline than ventral aortic blood [pHv = 7.65 ± 0.02 (7)]. Warming dorsal aortic blood from 25 to 35 °C in a closed system caused Po2 and PCOCO2 to rise and pH to fall. Oxygen-combining curves forwhole blood were sigmoid [mean Hill9s number = 1.72 ± 0.05 (11), range 1.57-2.0]and P50 over the pH range found in free-swimming animals was 21 ± 1.75(8) mmHg. The CO2-induced Bohr coefficient (ΔlogP50/Δ pH) was −0.59 ± 0.046(30). Unusual features of CO2-combining curves are attributed to a significant Rooteffect. Although these in vitro properties of tuna whole blood are at variance withother published data on tuna they nevertheless substantiate our determinations madein vivo.
ELT Teacher Trainees’ Reflective Feedback to Their Cooperating Teachers

The current study aims at exploring what teacher trainees expect from their cooperating teachers and what they really experience with cooperating teachers (CTs) in practice schools. A pre-practicum questionnaire (expectation) and post-practicum questionnaire (experience) were utilized in order to find the differences in teacher trainees’ expectations and experiences in practicum,. The data were gathered from 86 teacher trainees, who were in the practicum period in the last year of their education in ELT Department in a public university in Turkey. In order to triangulate the data collection, different instruments such as questionnaires, interviews and field notes were used. Both the qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed in this study. For quantitative analysis, the frequencies and mean scores for each item were taken; in addition, the T-test was utilized. For qualitative data, categories and sub-categories were formed. The areas in which help is desired and considered important by teacher trainees were analyzed under three main categories: Readiness for practicum, planning and reflection, and mentoring. The results showed that teacher trainees have considerable expectations from the CTs. On the other hand, the findings revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between teacher trainees’ expectations and experiences. The level of help provided by CTs was below the level of teacher trainees’ expectations. Implications and suggestions for further research were also highlighted for the stakeholders of the practicum process. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013. v3n7p235
Efficacy of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Immunization in Whooping Cranes

An epizootic of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (PWRC), Laurel, Maryland (USA), in 1989 provided an opportunity to determine if EEE immunization protected whooping cranes (Grus americana). Based on seroconversion of 31% of sympatric hatch-year sandhill cranes, Grus canadensis, and a previous 35% case fatality rate in whooping cranes, 17 (37%) of the 46 susceptible whooping cranes should have been exposed to virus and six should have died. As there were no deaths in these birds, the EEE vaccination program appeared to be efficacious in this whooping crane population.
Direct Binding of Smad1 and Smad4 to Two Distinct Motifs Mediates Bone Morphogenetic Protein-specific Transcriptional Activation ofId1 Gene*

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are potent inhibitors of myoblast differentiation and inducers of bone formation both in vivo and in vitro. Expression of Id1, a negative regulator of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, is up-regulated by BMPs and contributes to the antimyogenic effects of this family of cytokines. In this report, we have identified a specific BMP-2 immediate early response enhancer in the human Id1gene. Transcriptional activation of the enhancer was increased by overexpression of BMP-responsive Smads, and Smad4 and was completely abrogated in Smad4-deficient cells. Deletion analysis demonstrates that the responsive region is composed of two separate DNA binding elements, a set of overlapping GC boxes, which bind BMP-regulated Smads upon BMP stimulation, and three repeats of CAGAC boxes. Gel shift and oligonucleotide pull-down assays demonstrated that these two types of motifs were capable of binding their corresponding Smads. However, deletion or mutation of either DNA binding element was nonadditive, since disruption of either GC or CAGAC boxes resulted in complete or severe loss of BMP-2 responsiveness. These data suggest the simultaneous requirement of two independent DNA binding elements to allow functional cooperativity of BMP-regulated Smads and Smad4 in BMP-activated gene promoters.
Prevalence of oesophageal epidermoid metaplasia in 1048 consecutive patients and 58 patients with squamous neoplasms

Oesophageal epidermoid metaplasia is defined by a dense granular layer with overlying hyperorthokeratosis, resembling the epidermis of skin. A possible association between epidermoid metaplasia, squamous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma has been proposed. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of epidermoid metaplasia in patients with oesophageal squamous neoplasms with that in a control cohort.
CBFβ Enhances De Novo Protein Biosynthesis of Its Binding Partners HIV-1 Vif and RUNX1 and Potentiates the Vif-Induced Degradation of APOBEC3G

ABSTRACT Vif is a lentiviral accessory protein that regulates viral infectivity in part by inducing proteasomal degradation of APOBEC3G (A3G). Recently, CBFβ was found to facilitate Vif-dependent degradation of A3G. However, the exact role of CBFβ remains unclear. Several studies noted reduced Vif expression in CBFβ knockdown cells while others saw no significant impact of CBFβ on Vif stability. Here, we confirmed that CBFβ increases Vif steady-state levels. CBFβ affected expression of neither viral Gag nor Vpu protein, indicating that CBFβ regulates Vif expression posttranscriptionally. Kinetic studies revealed effects of CBFβ on both metabolic stability and the rate of Vif biosynthesis. These effects were dependent on the ability of CBFβ to interact with Vif. Importantly, at comparable Vif levels, CBFβ further enhanced A3G degradation, suggesting that CBFβ facilitates A3G degradation by increasing the levels of Vif and by independently augmenting the ability of Vif to target A3G for degradation. CBFβ also increased expression of RUNX1 by enhancing RUNX1 biosynthesis. Unlike Vif, however, CBFβ had no detectable effect on RUNX1 metabolic stability. We propose that CBFβ acts as a chaperone to stabilize Vif during and after synthesis and to facilitate interaction of Vif with cellular cofactors required for the efficient degradation of A3G. IMPORTANCE In this study, we show that CBFβ has a profound effect on the expression of the HIV-1 infectivity factor Vif and the cellular transcription factor RUNX1, two proteins that physically interact with CBFβ. Kinetic studies revealed that CBFβ increases the rate of Vif and RUNX1 biosynthesis at the level of translation. Mutants of Vif unable to physically interact with CBFβ were nonresponsive to CBFβ. Our data suggest that CBFβ exerts a chaperone-like activity (i) to minimize the production of defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) by binding to nascent protein to prevent premature termination and (ii) to stabilize mature protein conformation to ensure proper function of Vif and RUNX1. Thus, we identified a novel mechanism of protein regulation that affects both viral and cellular factors and thus has broad implications beyond the immediate HIV field.
The quality of ambulatory care delivered to children in the United States.

BACKGROUND Little is known about the magnitude of deficits in the quality of care delivered to children, since comprehensive studies have been lacking. METHODS We assessed the extent to which care processes recommended for pediatric outpatients are delivered. Quality indicators were developed with the use of the RAND-UCLA modified Delphi method. Parents of 1536 children who were randomly selected from 12 metropolitan areas provided written informed consent to obtain medical records from all providers who had seen the children during the 2-year period before the date of study recruitment. Trained nurses abstracted these medical records. Composite quality scores were calculated by dividing the number of times indicated care was documented as having been ordered or delivered by the number of times a care process was indicated. RESULTS On average, according to data in the medical records, children in the study received 46.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44.5 to 48.4) of the indicated care. They received 67.6% (95% CI, 63.9 to 71.3) of the indicated care for acute medical problems, 53.4% (95% CI, 50.0 to 56.8) of the indicated care for chronic medical conditions, and 40.7% (95% CI, 38.1 to 43.4) of the indicated preventive care. Quality varied according to the clinical area, with the rate of adherence to indicated care ranging from 92.0% (95% CI, 89.9 to 94.1) for upper respiratory tract infections to 34.5% (95% CI, 31.0 to 37.9) for preventive services for adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Deficits in the quality of care provided to children appear to be similar in magnitude to those previously reported for adults. Strategies to reduce these apparent deficits are needed.
El surrealismo en la cuña radiofónica. La dimensión de lo absurdo al servicio de la comunicación comercial

El presente articulo recoge parte de una investigacion cuantitativa basada en el analisis de contenido con el objetivo de averiguar como el estilo surrealista desarrollado en otras facetas artisticas como la pintura, la literatura, el cine o la poesia se representa en el mensaje comercial; en concreto, en la cuna publicitaria -la otra parte de la investigacion analiza, a partir de la misma muestra, la realidad-. Tambien se concreta el enfoque surrealista predominante -la dimension del absurdo- y a traves de que elementos principales se proyecta. Se analiza, pues, el estilo narrativo, los personajes protagonistas del anuncio a traves de las relaciones establecidas entre ellos y el contexto social donde estos se desenvuelven para explicar el producto o sus caracteristicas siendo este, en cualquier caso, el eje o centro comunicativo de todo mensaje comercial.
Mismatch-targeted transposition of Mu: A new strategy to map genetic polymorphism

Phage Mu DNA transposes to duplex target DNA sites with limited sequence specificity. Here we demonstrate that Mu transposition exhibits a strong target site preference for all single-nucleotide mismatches. This finding has implications for the mechanism of transposition and provides a powerful tool for genomic research. A single mismatch could be detected as a preferred target of Mu transposition in the presence of 300,000-fold excess of nonmismatched sites. We demonstrate the detection of both heterozygous and homozygous mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene and single nucleotide polymorphism in HLA region by Mu transposition mismatch analysis procedure.
Conditions that may invalidate the prediction of the expansionary austerity policies

The expansionary austerity policies predict that fiscal consolidation implemented mainly by a tax increase may signal that tax cuts have to be expected in the future, Consumers respond to tax cut increase by raising their estimate of their lifetime resources; as a result, they may raise consumption with corresponding positive effects in aggregate demand. The main channel through which fiscal consolidations may stimulate economic activity is that of the expectations view, which is based on two fundamental assumptions: that the horizon index of the consumer has to be infinite, and secondly that his tax expectations have to be e lastic in the Hicksian sense. However, since the assumptions are not satisfied in a word characterized by uncertainty and liquidity constraints, the expansionary effects of fiscal austerity policies (through the expectations channel) fail.
Toxicity and toxicokinetics of cadmium in Capitella sp. I: relative importance of water and sediment as routes of cadmium uptake

The Importance of dissolved versus sediment-bound cadmium as uptake routes for the deposit-feeding polychaete Capitella species I and the toxicity and toxicokinetlcs of cadmium from these exposure routes were investigated. Effects were reported as changes in worm growth rate, egestion rate and allometry. Radioactive cadmium (""'Cd) was used as a tracer to examine the uptake (5 d) and subsequent depuration (6 d) of cadmium. Both effects and kinetics were investigated in systems with and without sediment. Individual Capitella sp. 1 were exposed to (1) dissolved (i.e. <0.45 pm) cadmium (water-only treatment), (2) sediment-bound cadmium (sediment-bound only treatment), or (3) both dissolved and sedment-bound cadmium (porewater & sediment treatment). The porewater concentration of dissolved cadmium in porewater & sediment treatments was set approximately equal to the dissolved concentration in water-only treatments (0, 25,50 pg Cd I-'). Worms in water-only treatments showed negative growth rates, w h ~ c h decreased linearly from -5 to -10% d-' with increasing cadmium concentration. Cadmium had no detectable effect on egestion rate or growth in the presence of sediment in elther sediment-bound only (ca 369: d.') or porewater & sedlnlent (ca 30% d-') treatments. Cadmium exposure had no detectable effect on the allometric exponent ( I e area-length relation) in any of the treatments; however, worms in water-only treatments were relatively thinner than in the 2 treatments with sediment. Worms in porewater & sediment treatments took up ca 50-fold more cadmium (ca 195 ng Cd worm-') than worms In water-only treatments (3.9 ng Cd worm-') during 5 d of exposure. Sediment-bound cadmium was calculated to contribute 95 ? h of the total amount taken up by feeding worms. Starving worms retained all of the cadmium during the subsequent depuration period (6 d), and exhibited an increased weight-specific body burden (pg Cd g-' dry wt worm) due to shrinkage. In feeding worms, the decrease in weight-specific body burden was faster (T% = 3 d ) than the decrease in total body burden (pg Cd worm-'; 3/, = 11 d), indicating that both active excretion and dilution of cadmium body burden as a result of growth contributed to the change in cadmium tissue concentration during the depuration period. Thus, our results indicate that in Capitella sp. I sedimentbound cadmium is the major route of uptake. We found that cadmium affects starving but not fed worms, despite the fact that fed worms took up considerably more cadmium than starving worms. Our results suggest that stress associated with food limitation increases the susceptibility of worms to cadmium stress.
Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis.

PURPOSE There is consensus that patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis with hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, and lytic bone lesions attributable to clonal expansion of plasma cells (CRAB criteria) also have multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to examine the spectrum of immunoglobulin AL amyloidosis with and without MM, with a goal of defining the optimal bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC) number to qualify as AL amyloidosis with MM. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified 1,255 patients with AL amyloidosis seen within 90 days of diagnosis between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2010. We defined a population of patients with coexisting MM on the basis of the existence of CRAB criteria (AL-CRAB). Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the optimal BMPC cut point to predict for 1-year mortality in patients with AL amyloidosis without CRAB to produce two additional groups: AL only (≤ 10% BMPCs) and AL plasma cell MM (AL-PCMM; > 10% BMPCs). RESULTS Among the 1,255 patients, 100 (8%) had AL-CRAB, 476 (38%) had AL-PCMM, and 679 (54%) had AL only. Their respective median overall survival rates were 10.6, 16.2, and 46 months (P < .001). Because the outcomes of AL-CRAB and AL-PCMM were similar, they were pooled for univariate and multivariate analyses. On multivariate analysis, pooled AL-CRAB and AL-PCMM retained negative prognostic value independent of age, Mayo Clinic AL amyloidosis stage, prior autologous stem-cell transplantation, and difference between the involved and uninvolved free light chain. CONCLUSION Patients with AL amyloidosis who have more than 10% BMPCs have a poor prognosis, similar to that of patients with AL-CRAB, and should therefore be considered together as AL amyloidosis with MM.