Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three months study of orthopaedic surgical site infections in an Egyptian University hospital

A 3-months prospective study, with 30 days follow up after surgery, or to the end of the study for patients with implant, was conducted on 121 patients undergoing surgery and completed their follow up visits at Orthopaedic department, Tanta University hospital. SSI was revealed in 10 patients with overall cumulative incidence rate of 8.264 % for which bacteriological culture and sensitivity was done. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for such infections. Univariate analysis showed that SSI was significantly associated with age more than 50 years, diabetes mellitus, ASA score more than 2, duration of surgery more than 2 hours and use of drains. While binary logistic regression analysis showed that use of drains is the only independent risk factor in our cases. The most commonly isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas and E. coli (20% each). The high incidence of SSI in our hospital in comparison with developed countries and some studies done in Egypt has encouraged the development of recommendations for prevention of such infections in university hospitals.
Epidemiological Survey on Small Ruminant Fasciolosis in Hawassa Zuria and Dale Districts, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia

A cross sectional study was conducted in Dale and Hawassa Zuria districts from November 2011 to June 2012, to estimate the prevalence of Fasciola spp infection and assess the associated risk factors in sheep and goats based on faecal examination. For this purpose, a total of 755 sheep and goats were coprologically examined, 379 from Dale and 376 from Hawassa Zuria districts. Data about the assumed risk factors were also obtained from the animals' owners during faecal sample collection. Data were analyzed using Stata 9 software. Accordingly, an overall prevalence of 9.8% was observed (12% in sheep and 7.5% in goats). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the prevalence of Fasciola infection between Dale (8.2%) and Hawassa Zuria (11.4%) districts. In the initial univariable analysis of the assumed risk factor; species, age and body condition score showed a significant association (P 0.05). However, in multivariable logistic regression analyses, only age of the animals and body condition score were found to be significantly associated with Fasciola infection in small ruminants (P < 0.05 for each factor). Small ruminants greater than one year old showed 3.1 times higher level of infection than those of one year old or less. In addition, animals with poor body condition score were 8.2 times more likely to harbor Fasciola infection than those with good body condition score. No direct association was observed between Fasciola infection and fecal consistencies in this study. In conclusion, this study has revealed that Fasciola spp are important parasites affecting small ruminants in the study area and favorable environmental conditions are available in the area for the breeding and survival of the snail intermediate host. Therefore, concerned professionals and local stakeholders should give due attention towards the control of the parasite with particular emphasis on mature poorly conditioned animals.
Organic-walled microfossils and palynodebris in cold seep carbonate deposits: The Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation on Svalbard (Arctic Norway)

This study gives the first detailed report of palynomorphs from Mesozoic cold hydrocarbon seep deposits. The organic-walled microfossils and palynodebris comprise ex situ fossil material in the seep deposits of the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation, and consist of both specimens that originated during the time of deposition and a few fossils reworked from older strata. The palynomorphs from the Agardh fjellet Formation carbonate seep deposits in Central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, are better preserved than the palynological material in the shale deposits in the same formation. This is due to early authigenic precipitation of carbonate, which led to a relatively rapid cementation of the sediments, preventing flattening of the fossils. The Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) of the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in the studied succession shows an age-specific trend, rather than being environmentally controlled, while the NMDS of the palynofacies shows that the content of palynodebris in the samples is more environmental-specific than age-specific.
Habitability of Earth-like planets with high obliquity and eccentric orbits: results from a general circulation model

We explore the implications of seasonal variability for the habitability of idealized Earth-like planets as determined by the two parameters polar obliquity and orbital eccentricity. Commonly, the outer boundary of the habitable zone (HZ) is set by a completely frozen planet, or snowball state. Using a general circulation model coupled to a thermodynamic sea-ice model, we show that seasonal variability can extend this outer limit of the habitable zone (HZ) from 1.03 AU (no seasonal variability) to a maximum of 1.69 AU in our experiments. Moreover, our results show that also the multistability property of planets close to the outer edge of the HZ is influenced by seasonal variability. Cold states extend farest into the HZ for non-oblique planets. On highly oblique planets, cold states can also allow for habitable regions, which highlights the sufficient but not necessary condition of a warm climate state for habitability. Further, the range of distances that allow for two stable climate states decreases with eccentricity, possibly leading to monostability for planets with very large seasonal variations. Sensitivity experiments exploring the role of azimuthal obliquity, surface heat capacity, and maximal seaice thickness show the robustness of our results. An uneven distribution of annual mean irradiation among the two hemispheres extends the HZ outwards, whereas a reduction of heat capacity has only a negligible effect on the extent of the HZ. On circular orbits, our results are in good agreement with previous studies that use a one-dimensional energy balance model. Yet large differences on eccentric orbits hint to limitations of these simpler models. To our knowledge, this study provides for the first time a qualitative assessment of the effects of seasonal variability on the habitability of Earth-like planets that is based on a three-dimensional climate model. Differences found in the comparison with previous work underline the importance of using climate models that explicitly account for potentially very different atmospheric circulations and further climate processes such as ice formation and melting in parametric investigations of the HZ.
1 A method factor measure of self-concept

A method factor indicated by Big Five items was found to correlate negatively with a common measure of depression and positively with a common measure of self esteem. This suggests that the method factor, previously used to assess faking, may represent a more general characteristic of self-concept. PRESS PARAGRAPH Extant measures of self-concept are typically either direct measures with their own vocabulary or compendia of subscales of other measures explicitly involving self-concept. In this study, we showed how a well established measure of the Big Five can provide an indirect measure of selfconcept via a method factor, independent of the Big Five factors. This measure of self-concept was negatively correlated with a measure of depression and positively correlated with a measure of self-esteem. The results suggest that the method factor may be a viable screening device for measurement of self-concept.
Recent developments on wall-bounded turbulence.

The study of turbulence near walls has experienced a renaissance in the last decade, in part because of the availability of high-quality numerical simulations. The viscous and buffer layers over smooth walls are now fairly well understood. They are essentially independent of the outer flow, and there is a family of numerically-exact nonlinear structures that predict well many of the best-known characteristics of the wall layer, such as the intensity and the spectra of the velocity fluctuations, and the dimensions of the dominant structures. Much of this progress was made possible by the increase in computer power that made the kinematic simulations of the late 1980s cheap enough to undertake conceptual dynamical experiments. We are today at the early stages of simulating the logarithmic layer. A kinematic picture of the various processes present in that part of the flow is beginning to emerge, and it is leading to a rough dynamical understanding. Some of it, surprisingly, in terms of linear models. Many processes mimic those in the buffer layer, but in an averaged LES sense, rather than applied to individual structures. The paper discusses the present status of our understanding of this region, and possible future developments.
Translocation of Motile Cells of the Gliding Bacterium Cytophaga johnsonae Depends on a Surface Component that May Be Modified by Sugars

SUMMARY: Twenty-three sugars and sugar derivatives prevent the spread of colonies of the gliding bacterium Cytophaga johnsonae on 1–5% agar gels. Concentrations of sugars that inhibit colony spread have no inhibitory effect on motility or growth of cells. Observations of patterns of colony spread on plates with pre-established concentration gradients of sugars indicate that cells of C. johnsonae do not exhibit a chemotactic response to compounds that inhibit their spread. Inhibitory compounds were placed into three groups based on their relative effectiveness as inhibitors. Both metabolizable and non-metabolizable sugars served as inhibitors, it was not necessary for a sugar to be transported into the cell to inhibit, and the effectiveness of a sugar as an inhibitor did not correlate with its ability to support growth. The inorganic ions Mg2 °, Ca2 + and SO|∼ also inhibit colony spread on 1–5% agar gels. All the evidence taken together suggests that inhibitors of spread produce their effects by modifying the properties of a surface slime. The observations reported here help to give an experimental definition to two components of the gliding motility system of C. johnsonae: the motility ‘machinery* that is responsible for an actively moving cell surface and is not affected by the presence of sugars, and an extracellular component which is sensitive to sugars and which is required for translocation of cells with moving surfaces.
A wrong turn for Initial Teacher Education

In this article the authors present the results of a small-scale quantitative research project examining the assumption that there is a direct causal link between the classification of a student teacher’s first degree and their ability to teach. Evidence presented in the article supports the hypothesis that the assumption is incorrect. There appears to be no correlation, relationship or link between the classification of a student teacher’s first degree and their ability to teach. The article examines what appears to be driving current policy rhetoric in this area and questions the extent to which such rhetoric may lead to a misallocation of limited resources within Initial Teacher Education.
The Influence of Market Conditions on Poison Put Use in Convertible Bonds

The objective of this study is to increase understanding of why poison put covenants are included in convertible bond contracts. We compare characteristics of convertible bond issuers who used poison puts with those who did not for the period from 1986 to 2002. We focus our analysis on two sub periods, 1988-1990 and 1991-1998, which were characterized by dramatically different financial market conditions. Our results show that almost all convertible bond issuers used poison put covenants during the late 1980s, a period of extremely high event risk. In contrast, poison put users differed from nonusers during the sub period of 1991-1998, with users having lower operating profit margins and higher capital expenditure ratios than nonusers. Given recent growing interest in bond covenants that address event risk, the findings of this study provide useful insights to practitioners.
Growing Up with Frisian and Dutch. The Role of Language Input in the Early Development of Frisian and Dutch among Preschool Children in Friesland

Bilingual acquisition largely depends on the input that children receive in each language. The more input in a language, the more proficient a child becomes in that language. The current project studied the role of language input among bilingual Frisian-Dutch preschool children (age 2.5-4 years) in Friesland. Friesland is a bilingual region in the north of the Netherlands where the minority language Frisian is spoken, next to the national language Dutch. In two longitudinal studies, the influence of home language and outside home exposure on the early acquisition of vocabulary and morphosyntax was investigated. The results presented in this dissertation showed that home language played an important role in the Frisian measures and, to a lesser extent, in Dutch. Outside home exposure had a strong influence on receptive vocabulary in both languages. Therefore, it can be concluded that the acquisition of the minority language, Frisian, does not harm the acquisition of the majority language, Dutch.
Assessing Fiscal Policy Through the Lens of the Financial and the Commodity Price Cycles

We assess the link between fiscal policy and credit and commodity price booms and busts. We do so by investigating the impact of financial and commodity price cycles on the identification of episodes of fiscal consolidation and stimulus and the size of the fiscal impulse. We find that controlling for the credit cycle has an impact on the magnitude of the change in the cyclically-adjusted budget balance. The impact is lower in the case of the commodity price cycle. In addition, we show that credit booms and busts influence the cyclicality of fiscal policy, but not to the extent of significantly altering the systematic response of fiscal policy to the dynamics of real economic activity. Again, the impact of the commodity price cycle is smaller and limited to some specific cases.
Early Permian silici fi ed fl oras from the Perdasdefogu Basin ( SE Sardinia ) : comparison and bio-chronostratigraphic correlation with the fl oras of the Autun Basin

In the Perdasdefogu Basin (Ogliastra, Sardinia) plants occurring in angular cherts are preserved as siliceous permineralizations. Th e plant assemblage consists of the genera Sphenophyllum, Arthropitys, Astromyelon, Palaeostachya, Pecopteris, Scolecopteris, Stewartiopteris, Psaronius, Ankyropteris, Anachoro pteris; furthermore, probable medullosan wood and ovules, cordaitean stems, leaves and ovules, and Dadoxylon wood have been recorded. Arborescent marratialean ferns are the dominant elements with Pecopteris and Scolecopteris leaves being the most common; the calamiteans are the second in abundance. Generally the chert blocks contain a large number of plant fragments – roots and leaves are being almost equally represented – suggestive of a coal ball-like plant accumulation. More rarely a chert block may consist of a single plant part, for example a piece of wood. Th e preservation and accumulation of the plants are closely comparable to the silicifi ed plant assemblages described from the Lower Permian of Autun and the upper Pennsylvanian of Grand-Croix (Massif central, France) and from the Early Permian Döhlen Basin (Germany). Jean GALTIER Université Montpellier 2, CNRS, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, F-34000 (France) jean.galtier@cirad.fr
Influence of Pore Fluid Composition on Volume of Sediments in Kaolinite Suspensions

Reported in this paper is a study of the influence of pore fluid composition on sediment volume of kaolinite suspensions. Laboratory tests have been conducted with kaolinite in water with NaCl, CaCl2 and A1C13 of different concentrations and in 10 types of organic liquids of varying values of static dielectric constant. The types of tests performed include regular suspension tests and leaching and cyclic leaching tests on kaolinite sediments. In the leaching tests, sediments formed during the regular suspension tests in water of low salt concentration were subsequently leached with water of high salt concentration. In the cyclic leaching tests, the salt concentration was increased and then decreased. The purpose of the leaching and cyclic leaching tests was to study the change in existing equilibrium fabric caused by subsequent changes in the concentration of salt in pore fluid. Results of the suspension tests indicate that sediment volume of a water suspension decreases with increase in ion concentration and increase in valence of cation. Leaching and cyclic leaching tests indicate that substantial change in salt concentration is required to change the existing fabric. The effect of dielectric constant of pore fluid on sediment volume is somewhat complex. As the dielectric constant increases from 1.9 for heptane to 110 for formamide, sediment volume first decreases, assuming a minimum at 24 for ethanol, increases with a maximum at 80 for water, and decreases again until 110 for formamide. An approximate physico-chemical analysis model is used to interpret some of the data in a quantitative manner. In the analysis model, recently developed theories of double-layer repulsive and van der Waals attractive forces are combined to simulate the behavior of suspensions.
Gender Participation in Vegetable Cultivation in Kashmir Valley

An attempt was made in this paper to examine the growth of vegetable sector in Kashmir valley and impact of Technology Mission, and the pattern of gender participation in different activities and decisions involved in vegetable cultivation. The results revealed that R&D efforts under Mini Mission-II encompassing various vegetable development programmes have significantly improved area and production of vegetables in the valley. It was observed that although women dominated in some operations of vegetable cultivation but in totality male participation was found more important. As far as various decisions relating to vegetable cultivation are concerned, the role of women in majority of the cases was supportive in nature while the dominative role in most of the cases was performed by men. On the basis of the findings, it is suggested that education and extension facilities to female should be provided to broaden their out ward horizon that can ultimately enhance their participation in decision-making.
The use of the Poynting vector in interpreting ULF waves in magnetospheric waveguides

We numerically model ultralow frequency (ULF) waves in the magnetosphere assuming an ideal, low‐β, inhomogeneous plasma waveguide. The waveguide is based on the hydromagnetic box model. We develop a novel boundary condition that drives the magnetospheric boundary by pressure perturbations, in order to simulate solar wind dynamic pressure fluctuations disturbing the magnetopause. The model is applied to observations from Cluster and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms. Our model is able to reproduce similar wave signatures to those in the data, such as a unidirectional azimuthal Poynting vector, by interpreting the observations in terms of fast waveguide modes. Despite the simplicity of the model, we can shed light on the nature of these modes and the location of the energy source relative to the spacecraft. This is achieved by demonstrating that important information, such as phase shifts between components of the electric and magnetic fields and the balance of radial to azimuthal propagation of energy, may be extracted from a careful analysis of the components of the Poynting vector.
Lunar Meteorite Northeast Africa 001: An Anorthositic Regolith Breccia with Mixed Highland/Mare Components

Introduction: Northeast Africa 001 (NEA 001) is a 262 g lunar meteorite found in 2002 in northern Sudan. This rock is a clast-rich anorthositic regolith breccia with minor mare basalt component. Petrography: NEA 001 is a polymict regolith breccia composed of various types of lithic clasts (up to 1 cm in size), isolated mineral fragments, glass fragments and spherules embedded in a wellconsolidated microcrystalline impact melt matrix (Fig. 1). The rock is heavily fractured as a result of multiple shock events, but it remains coherent due to the presence of impact-melt matrix. Typical composition of the impact-melt matrix is (wt%): SiO2 = 45.7, Al2O3 = 24.1, FeO = 7.2, MgO = 7.4, CaO = 14.6, Na2O = 0.5, TiO2 = 0.5.
State Of Australian Cities Conference 2015 People , Places and Technology : Mapping the Locational Preferences of Home Based Workers in Sydney and Melbourne Metropolitan Areas

Planning for healthy, well-functioning cities should include consideration to the diversity and vitality of home based enterprises. This can be enabled through advances in economic geography explaining the role of ongoing changes in the Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) sector on the way the work is organised and carried out. Although in this research field ICT is commonly regarded as facilitator of work from anywhere, attention of researchers is predominantly focused on implementation and analysis of telework strategies. Our paper is an attempt to provide a better understanding of the impacts of work from anywhere on cities, through analysis of a spatial distribution of home based workers in Sydney and Melbourne metropolitan areas. The research explores the correlation between home based workforce and socio-economic status of local government areas using 2011 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) census data. It also considers the role of distance from major cities as factor influencing home based work in regional areas. Results highlight a significant positive correlation between socio-economic qualities and the homebased workforce within the two major cities and their urban-rural fringes. In regional parts of New South Wales and Victoria the distribution of home-based workers is not related to the socio-economic qualities of areas but is strongly correlated with distance from major cities. This spatial arrangement provides an opportunity to delineate and map the distribution of lifestyle home based workers. These findings contribute to a better understanding of locational preferences of home based workforce and implication of these on city and regional planning and development.
EFFECT OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE WITH DIFFERENT MUSCLE ACTION DURATIONS ON LACTATE RESPONSE

The aim of this study was to compare the blood lactate concentration in strength training protocols with different muscle action durations in the bench press exercise. Seventeen volunteers performed three protocols with three sets of six repetitions at 60 % of 1RM, threeminute break between sets and different muscle action durations (2-4: 2s concentric and 4s eccentric; 3-3: 3s concentric and 3s eccentric; 4-2: 4s concentric and 2s eccentric). The analysis of blood lactate concentration considered the average values per set in each protocol. The ANOVA two-way of the results showed that the main effect for protocol showed no significant difference between the three protocols (F = 0,75; p = 0,48; power = 0,48; η = 0,17), as the interaction among the factors (F = 1,68; p = 0,13; power = 0,09; η= 0,62). However, there was significant main effect for set (F = 320,23; p = 0,0001; power = 1,00; η= 0,95). Therefore, resistance training protocols equated with different muscle actions durations shows no differences in blood lactate response and, regardless of the protocol, its concentration increased throughout the three sets performed.