Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evans blue-carrageenan pleural effusion as a model for the assay of nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs.

The addition of 0.025% carrageenan to intrapleural 0.075% Evans blue injections increased the effusive response. The amount of effusion varied from assay to assay; in 162 control groups (six rats/group) the estimated population mean volume of pleural fluid ± S.E. at six hours was 7.5 ± 0.07 ml. The reduction in the volume of pleural fluid elicited by the nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs was dose related in contrast to the lack of consistent dose dependency when the dye alone was the pleural irritant. Relative potencies of the test compounds were determined in 2 by 3 assays with half-log dose increments, and the results were analyzed by factorial analyses. Their activities relative to phenylbutazone were: indomethacin, 26.9; flufenamic acid, 2.1; gold sodium thiomalate, 1.1; indoxole, 1.0; and acetylsalicylic acid, 0.3. With the exception of gold sodium thiomalate (i.m.), all compounds were administered p.o. Chloroquine phosphate and d -penicillamine failed to influence the effusive response. The resuits show that Evans blue-carrageenan-induced pleural effusion may be used to determine the relative potency of gold-and phenylbutazone-type antirheumatic compounds.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in vivo is under the control of neuron-restrictive silencer element.

Neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE) has been identified in multiple neuron-specific genes. This element has been shown to mediate repression of neuronal gene transcription in nonneuronal cells. A palindromic NRSE (NRSEBDNF) is present in the proximal region of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promoter II. Using in vitro binding assays, we establish that the upper half-site is largely responsible for the NRSEBDNF activity. To delineate the in vivo role of NRSE in the regulation of rat BDNF gene, promoter constructs with intact and mutated NRSEBDNF were introduced into transgenic mice. Our data show that NRSEBDNF is controlling the activity of BDNF promoters I and II in the brain, thymus, and lung, i.e. in the tissues in which the intact reporter gene and endogenous BDNF mRNAs are expressed. Mutation of NRSEBDNF did not lead to the ectopic activation of the reporter gene in any other nonneural tissues. In the brain, NRSEBDNF is involved in the repression of basal and kainic acid-induced expression from BDNF promoters I and II in neurons. However, NRSEBDNF does not control the activity of the BDNF gene in nonneuronal cells of brain.
Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) battery for brain-injured patients: reliability and validity.

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) battery. The battery provides an initial profile of the cognitive abilities of the brain-injured patient that can be used as a starting point for occupational therapy intervention and as a screening test for further assessment. The LOTCA consists of 20 subtests and is divided into four areas: orientation, visual and spatial perception, visuomotor organization, and thinking operations. The battery takes 30 to 45 minutes to administer. Subjects in the study consisted of two patient groups (20 traumatic head injury patients and 28 cerebrovascular accident patients) and one control group (55 non-brain-injured adults). Results showed interrater reliability coefficients of . 82 to . 97 for the various subtests and an alpha coefficient of . 85 and above for the internal consistency of the areas of perception, visuomotor organization, and thinking operations. The Wilcoxon two-sample test showed that all subtests differentiated at the . 0001 level of significance between the patient groups and the control group. This supported the LOTCA's validity. Furthermore, factor analysis provided initial construct validation for three areas of the battery: perception, visuomotor organization, and thinking operations.
What Makes Popular Culture Popular? Product Features and Optimal Differentiation in Music

In this article, we propose a new explanation for why certain cultural products outperform their peers to achieve widespread success. We argue that products’ position in feature space significantly predicts their popular success. Using tools from computer science, we construct a novel dataset allowing us to examine whether the musical features of nearly 27,000 songs from Billboard’s Hot 100 charts predict their levels of success in this cultural market. We find that, in addition to artist familiarity, genre affiliation, and institutional support, a song’s perceived proximity to its peers influences its position on the charts. Contrary to the claim that all popular music sounds the same, we find that songs sounding too much like previous and contemporaneous productions—those that are highly typical—are less likely to succeed. Songs exhibiting some degree of optimal differentiation are more likely to rise to the top of the charts. These findings offer a new perspective on success in cultural markets by specifying how content organizes product competition and audience consumption behavior.
Examining the Success of the Online Public Grievance Redressal Systems: An Extension of the IS Success Model

The purpose of this article is to examine the success of the online public grievance redressal system from the perspective of the citizens of India. The empirical outcomes provided the positive significant connections between all 13 hypothesized relationships among the seven constructs. The empirical evidence and discussion presented in the study can help the Indian government to improve upon and fully utilize the potential of the online public grievance redressal system for transparent and corruption free country.
Effects of centrally administered atrial natriuretic peptide on renal functions.

In order to assess the effects of centrally administered atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on renal water and electrolytes handling, arterial blood pressure, plasma vasopressin, renin activity, aldosterone, and ANP concentrations, synthetic alpha-human ANP (alpha-hANP) was administered intracerebroventricularly at a dose of 2.6 pmol.kg-1.min-1 for 30 min in pentobarbital-anaesthetized dogs (N = 6). In the control study (N = 6), artificial cerebrospinal fluid was infused. Intracerebroventricular administration of alpha-hANP increased significantly urine flow from 178 +/- 37 to 303 +/- 43 microliter/min (mean +/- SEM), sodium excretion from 27.3 +/- 8.9 to 54.4 +/- 10.5, mumol/min, potassium excretion from 16.1 +/- 3.7 to 24.0 +/- 5.1 mumol/min, and osmolar and negative free water clearances, accompanied by a significant rise in renal blood flow from 77.0 +/- 14.6 to 94.9 +/- 16.9 ml/min. Whereas glomerular filtration rate fell significantly, blood pressure and heart rate did not change. Plasma ANP, aldosterone, and PRA did not change significantly during the experiment, but plasma AVP were slightly but significantly decreased from 52 +/- 11 to 34 +/- 6 nmol/l. On the other hand, these parameters showed no changes in the control study, except a significant fall in glomerular filtration rate and a significant rise in PRA. Thus, it has been confirmed that ANP centrally brings about diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis via some unknown mechanisms independent of the release of these hormones.
Imaging of Benign Hypervascular Hepatocellular Nodules in Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis: Differentiation From Hypervascular Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Objectives: To retrospectively describe imaging analyses of benign hypervascular hyperplastic liver nodules (HHN) that resulted from alcoholic liver cirrhosis and to examine the possibility of imaging differentiation between these nodules and hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Ten histopathologically confirmed HHN arise in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and 9 HCC were examined. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (10 HHN and 9 HCC), superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced T2-weighted MRI (6 HHN and 4 HCC), and dual-phase computed tomography hepatic arteriography (5 HHN and 6 HCC) were performed, respectively. Results: On T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, 7 HHNs showed hyperintensity and 3 showed iso- to hypointensity, and allHCCs showed hypointensity compared with surrounding liver. On T2-weighted magnetic resonance images, 2 HHNs showed hyperintensity and 8 showed iso- to hypointensity. In contrast, 1 HCC showed hypointensity and 8 showed hyperintensity. On superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced T2 MRI, all HHNs showed iso- to hypointensity, and all HCCs showed hyperintensity. All HHN and HCCs subjected to dual-phase computed tomography hepatic arteriography showed enhancement on early-phase images and coronalike enhancement on late-phase images. Conclusions: Imaging findings of highly-well differentiated HCCs possibly overlap with HHN. So, for correct diagnosis of HHN, at first, we should suspect HHN based on clinical findings and MRI findings, and then perform core needle biopsy to verify the radiological diagnosis.
Novel Wearable Technology for Assessing Spontaneous Daily Physical Activity and Risk of Falling in Older Adults with Diabetes

Background: As baby boomers age and their expected life span increases, there is an unprecedented need to better manage the health care of elders with diabetes who are at increased risk of falling due to diabetes complications, frailty, or other conditions. New clinical and research tools are needed to measure functioning accurately and to identify early indicators of risk of falling, thus translating into more effective and earlier intervention. Methods: The objective of this pilot study was to validate a significant change in hardware and algorithm to track activity patterns using a single triaxial accelerometer through validation of timed up and go and standard measures of balance and gait. We recruited a convenience sample of eight older adults with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy (age, 77 ±7 years old) who were asked to wear the sensor for imposed daytime activity performed in our gait laboratory. Subjects were stratified into risk of falling categories based on Tinetti scores. We examined the accuracy of the suggested technology for discrimination of high- versus low-risk groups. Results: The system was accurate in identifying the number of steps taken and walking duration (random error <5%). The proposed algorithm allowed accurate identification and stratification of those at highest risk of falling, suggesting that subjects with high risk of falling required a substantially longer duration for rising from a chair when compared with those with low risk of falling (p < .05). Conclusions: Our new single triaxial accelerometer algorithm successfully tracked postural transition, allowing accurate identification of those at high risk of falling, and could be useful for intermittent or even continuous monitoring of older adults with diabetes. Other potential applications could include activity monitoring of the diabetes population with lower extremity disease and of patients undergoing surgical procedures or as an objective measure during rehabilitation.
The Vocational Significance of Black Identity: Cultural Formulation Approach to Career Assessment and Career Counseling

Scholarship is emerging on intervention models that purposefully attend to cultural variables throughout the career assessment and career counseling process. One heuristic model that offers promise to advance culturally relevant vocational practice with African Americans is the Outline for Cultural Formulation (CF). This article explicates the Outline for CF in career assessment and career counseling with African Americans integrating the concept of cultural identity into the entire model. The article concludes with an illustration of the Outline for CF model with an African American career client.
Breakthrough Technologies Bicarbonate-Induced Alkalinization of the Xylem Sap in Intact Maize Seedlings as Measured in Situ with a Novel Xylem pH Probe 1

In higher plants the pH of the xylem sap plays an important role in drought signaling, growth regulation, and plant nutrition. However, the interpretation of the data is very controversial. The main reason for this is that the xylem pH in intact plants was not directly accessible hitherto. We present here a novel, minimally-invasive probe based on the xylem pressure-potential probe (used for measuring directly xylem pressure and the electrical potential between root xylem sap and medium). Singletipped, double-barreled capillaries were used, one barrel served as H-selective electrode, whereas pressure and electrical potential were recorded by the other one. Upon insertion of the probe into the root xylem of maize (Zea mays) seedlings, pH values ranging between about 4.2 and 4.9 were monitored when the roots were immersed in standard nutrient solution. The pH did not respond to changes in light irradiation (up to 300 mmol m s), but increased upon exposure of the root to 5 or 20 mM bicarbonate in the bath solution. Changes in pH could also be recorded in transpiring plants when the root was cut below the insertion point of the probe and placed in media with different pH. The data support the hypothesis of Mengel ([1994] Plant Soil 165: 275–283) that upon external supply with bicarbonate Fe is immobilized in the leaf apoplast via changes in xylem pH.
Fetal growth and neonatal mortality.

Birth weight and calculated fetal age traditionally have served to predict risk of dying in the newborn period. Birth weight describes new-born infants inadequately, and calculated or estimated fetal age is uncertain. In the present study, well-defined fetal growth patterns observed in newborn infants replaced birth weight; crown-heel length was substituted for fetal age as a measure of fetal maturity. Four high-risk groups and two low-risk groups of infants were identified. High-risk groups included infants with extremely high or low ponderal indices, infants disproportionately grown, and normally grown infants with body lengths of 45 cm or $$Word$$. Low-risk groups included normally grown infant; with body lengths over 45 cm and infants whose only fetal growth pattern was their short body lengths for their fetal ages.
Four decades of growth hormone therapy for short children: what have we achieved?

The therapeutic use of GH derived from human cadaveric pituitaries was introduced in the late 1950s and early 1960s (1). Initially, supplies were severely limited, and few patients received treatment outside of research protocols. Although the production of pituitary GH slowly increased over the first 2 decades, supplies could not meet the demand to treat all patients believed to have GH deficiency (GHD). Fortuitously, and too late for many patients who had received pituitary-derived GH, the last 2 decades have seen the dramatic increase in worldwide availability of biosynthetic GH. This has resulted in improved treatment protocols for children with GHD as well as the administration of GH for other non-GHD conditions in childhood and adolescence: idiopathic short stature (ISS), intrauterine growth retardation, chronic renal failure, and genetic disorders such as Turner and Down syndromes (2–4). The adult population with childhood-onset GHD as well as adult-onset GHD has begun to be addressed, as has the use of GH in the elderly. This commentary will focus on the patient populations for which the majority of the supplies of GH have been used over the past 40 yr, namely children and adolescents with short stature. Table 1 illustrates the current world-wide distribution of GH use in almost 100,000 children. We will focus on the attainment of final height, with consideration of psychosocial outcomes when available. Where pertinent, comments with regard to the expanded role of GH use in adult populations will be discussed.
Effect of cholecalciferol as adjunctive therapy with insulin on protective immunologic profile and decline of residual β-cell function in new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 on cytokine levels, regulatory T cells, and residual β-cell function decline when cholecalciferol (vitamin D3 administered therapeutically) is given as adjunctive therapy with insulin in new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). DESIGN AND SETTING An 18-month (March 10, 2006, to October 28, 2010) randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at the Diabetes Center of São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-eight patients with new-onset T1DM with fasting serum C-peptide levels greater than or equal to 0.6 ng/mL were randomly assigned to receive daily oral therapy of cholecalciferol, 2000 IU, or placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, regulatory T cells, hemoglobin A1c, and C-peptide; body mass index; and insulin daily dose. RESULTS Mean (SD) chemokine ligand 2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) levels were significantly higher (184.6 [101.1] vs 121.4 [55.8] pg/mL) at 12 months, as well as the increase in regulatory T-cell percentage (4.55% [1.5%] vs 3.34% [1.8%]) with cholecalciferol vs placebo. The cumulative incidence of progression to undetectable (≤0.1 ng/mL) fasting C-peptide reached 18.7% in the cholecalciferol group and 62.5% in the placebo group; stimulated C-peptide reached 6.2% in the cholecalciferol group and 37.5% in the placebo group at 18 months. Body mass index, hemoglobin A1c level, and insulin requirements were similar between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Cholecalciferol used as adjunctive therapy with insulin is safe and associated with a protective immunologic effect and slow decline of residual β-cell function in patients with new-onset T1DM. Cholecalciferol may be an interesting adjuvant in T1DM prevention trials.
Temporally coherent and spatially accurate video matting

Image and video matting are still challenging problems in areas with low foreground‐background contrast. Video matting also has the challenge of ensuring temporally coherent mattes because the human visual system is highly sensitive to temporal jitter and flickering. On the other hand, video provides the opportunity to use information from other frames to improve the matte accuracy on a given frame. In this paper, we present a new video matting approach that improves the temporal coherence while maintaining high spatial accuracy in the computed mattes. We build sample sets of temporal and local samples that cover all the color distributions of the object and background over all previous frames. This helps guarantee spatial accuracy and temporal coherence by ensuring that proper samples are found even when distantly located in space or time. An explicit energy term encourages temporal consistency in the mattes derived from the selected samples. In addition, we use localized texture features to improve spatial accuracy in low contrast regions where color distributions overlap. The proposed method results in better spatial accuracy and temporal coherence than existing video matting methods.
EFFECTS OF DIETARY HATCHERY WASTES ON SOME PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKS

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary different levels of hatchery wastes (HW) on performance, tibia ash and blood calcium and phosphorus concentrations in broiler chickens. Birds were fed a corn-soybean meal diet for 7 days. The experimental treatments included 3 dietary treatments containing 1.5, 3 and 4.5 percent HW, in addition to the control without hatchery wastes. Five replicate groups of 15 Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated to each dietary treatment. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. Results of the experiment indicated that there were no significant differences between weight gains in different dietary treatments. Feed intake in chicks fed 4.5% HW was significantly higher (p<0.05) and those fed 3 % had lower feed intake. The results indicated that feed conversion in 4.5% HW treatment was significantly inferior compared to other treatments. Results of carcass analysis showed no significant differences between treatments. Also there were no significant differences between blood calcium and phosphorous among treatments. Treatments of 4.5 and 3 % hatchery wastes had significantly the highest tibia ash (p<0.05) content. Based on the result of this experiment, the utilization of HW as much as 3% can increase tibia strength without having adverse effect on broilers performance. Key Word: Hatchery Wastes, Productive, Physiological.
Timing Jitter Transfer Function in the Temporal Talbot Effect

We report the predicted timing jitter transfer function for the temporal Talbot effect. The results, consistent with previous theoretical analyses, indicate a clear low-pass-like behavior, with significant jitter attenuation below a specific jitter cutoff frequency, and visible resonant peaks for frequencies satisfying secondary Talbot conditions. The observed transfer function makes the Talbot effect especially interesting for jitter mitigation in all-optical clock schemes.
Stress-induced cortisol hampers memory generalization Material Supplemental

Material Supplemental http://learnmem.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2016/11/09/23.12. 679.DC1. html References http://learnmem.cshlp. org/content/23/12/679.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 45 articles, 11 of which can be accessed free at: License Commons Creative . http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ as described at under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), ). After 12 months, it is available http://learnmem.cshlp. org/site/misc/terms.xhtml first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the
Doppler for Artery–Artery Anastomosis and Stage-Independent Survival in Twin–Twin Transfusion

OBJECTIVE: Treatment selection in twin–twin transfusion syndrome is increasingly determined by disease severity. We investigated whether detection of arterio-arterial anastomoses predicts perinatal survival. METHODS: An artery–artery anastomosis was sought by Doppler and disease stage was determined in 105 cases of twin–twin transfusion syndrome at presentation, first treatment, and worst stage. Outcome measures were perinatal, double, and any (1 or more babies) survival rates. RESULTS: After exclusion of 10 noninformative pregnancies, perinatal, double, and any survival rates were 61%, 44%, and 77%, respectively. When an anastomosis was detected at each of the 3 time points, perinatal and double survival rates were higher than when one was not (at first treatment, perinatal survival 83% versus 53%, respectively, P = .003; double survival 78% versus 33%, P < .001). Perinatal and double survival (P ≤ .01) were poorer with more advanced stage, but any survival rates were not influenced by stage or anastomosis detection. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that anastomosis detection at treatment increased the chance of perinatal (odds ratio [OR] 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6, 15.9) and double survival (OR 19.3, 95% CI 2.7, 138), independently of stage. For stages I–III at treatment, anastomosis detection predicted better perinatal (100% versus 63%, 100% versus 59%, and 83% versus 44%, respectively) and double survival rates (100% versus 52%, 100% versus 46%, and 78% versus 26%). Stage III, with anastomoses detected, had better perinatal (83% versus 63%) and double survival (78% versus 52%) than did stage I without detection. CONCLUSION: Antenatal detection of artery-to-artery anastomosis predicts higher perinatal and double survival in twin–twin transfusion syndrome, independently of disease stage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-3