Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Undergraduate Public Health Nursing Experience: A Collaborative Experience With the Kentucky Department for Public Health

The Kentucky Department for Public Health and the University of Kentucky College of Nursing entered into a collaborative partnership to provide an enhanced public health nursing experience for a select group of undergraduate students. The purpose of the project was to strengthen the public health nursing practices component of the baccalaureate nursing program in the College of Nursing at the University of Kentucky. The objectives of the project related to planning, implementing, and evaluating of this program in partnership with the Kentucky Cabinet for Health Services, State Health Department in Frankfort, Kentucky. The selected baccalaureate students were paired with a preceptor and a state, local, or district public health agency with an identified need in the student's area of interest. The students participated in a mentoring experience with a practicing public health nurse consultant. The experience afforded the students an opportunity to interact at both the practice and policy development levels. An ongoing partnership developed between the state health department, local health departments, and the college of nursing. This partnership led to ongoing practicum placements for students, beneficial for both the health departments and the college of nursing.
First report of factors associated with satisfaction in patients with neurofibromatosis

Patient satisfaction is an integral part of quality health care. We assessed whether health literacy and psychosocial factors are associated with patient satisfaction among adults with neurofibromatosis. Eighty adults (mean age = 44 years; 55% female, 87% white) with NF (50% NF1, 41% NF2, and 9% schwannomatosis) completed an adapted Functional, Communicative, and Critical Health Literacy Questionnaire (FCCHL), the Health Literacy Assessment, a series of Patient Reported Outcome Measures Information System (PROMIS) psychosocial tests, and demographics before the medical visit. After, participants completed two measures of satisfaction: the Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale (MISS) to assess satisfaction with the medical visit, and an adapted version of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Health Literacy Item Set (CAHPS‐HL) to assess satisfaction with communication with the provider. Although higher FCCHL health literacy (r = 0.319, P = 0.002), male gender (t = 2.045, P = 0.044) and better psychosocial functioning (r = −0.257 to 0.409, P < 0.05) were associated with higher satisfaction with the medical visit in bivariate correlations, only male gender and higher health literacy remained as significant predictors in multivariable analyses. Higher FCCHL health literacy, less pain interference, fewer pain behaviors, and higher satisfaction with social roles and social discretionary activities (r = −0.231 to 0.331, P < 0.05) were associated with higher satisfaction with the communication with the provider in bivariate analyses. Results support the use of psychosocial and health literacy measures in clinical practice. Referrals to psychosocial treatments in addition to brief interventions focused on increasing health literacy may also be beneficial. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association of Depression With Increased Risk of Severe Hypoglycemic Episodes in Patients With Diabetes

PURPOSE Although psychosocial and clinical factors have been found to be associated with hypoglycemic episodes in patients with diabetes, few studies have examined the association of depression with severe hypoglycemic episodes. This study examined the prospective association of depression with risk of hypoglycemic episodes requiring either an emergency department visit or hospitalization. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort study, a sample of 4,117 patients with diabetes enrolled between 2000 and 2002 were observed from 2005 to 2007. Meeting major depression criteria on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was the exposure of interest, and the outcome of interest was an International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision code for a hypoglycemic episode requiring an emergency department visit or hospitalization. Proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association of baseline depression and risk of one or more severe hypoglycemic episodes. Poisson regression was used to determine whether depression status was associated with the number of hypoglycemic episodes. RESULTS After adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical measures of diabetes severity, non–diabetes-related medical comorbidity, prior hypoglycemic episodes, and health risk behaviors, depressed compared with nondepressed patients who had diabetes had a significantly higher risk of a severe hypoglycemic episode (hazard ratio = 1.42, 95% CI, 1.03–1.96) and a greater number of hypoglycemic episodes (odds ratio = 1.34, 95% CI, 1.03–1.74). CONCLUSION Depression was significantly associated with time to first severe hypoglycemic episode and number of hypoglycemic episodes. Research assessing whether recognition and effective treatment of depression among persons with diabetes prevents severe hypoglycemic episodes is needed.
Correspondence Rules and Social Engineering

In a series of recent papers, I have argued that the planning for future societies will require a combination of visionary politics and sophisticated social engineering [28, 29, 30, 31]. In particular, I have argued that any social engineering experiment should be firmly anchored in explanatory as opposed to predictive analyses. The reason is, of course, that only explanatory analyses can indicate the possible secondary effects of a specific action. In terms of research strategy, modified variants of the Hempel-Oppenheim [20] schema of scientific explanation seem to provide possible vehicles suited for this task. As recalled, positivists like Hempel [19] advocate that the term scientific explanation should be used to denote the procedure employed when a description of the explanandum, (E), defined as the empirical phenomenon under investigation, is deduced from the explanans, defined as a combination of a set of initial
Liposome-mediated induction of apoptosis of human hepatoma cells by c-myc antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide and 5-fluorouracil.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide and 5-fluorouracil on the expression of c-myc, invasion and proliferation of HEPG-2 liver cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS HEPG-2 cells were treated with lipiosome-mediated c-myc ADSON and 5-fluorouracil. The proliferation inhibition rate and invasion were measured by MTT and invasion assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and expression of c-myc by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The proliferation inhibition rate was significantly higher in the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide added-5-fluorouracil group than single antisense oligodeoxynucleotide or 5-fluorouracil group (p<0.05). G0/G1 cells in the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide group and S cells in the 5-fluorouracil groups were significantly increased than that in the control group, respectively (P<0.01). The amplification strips of PCR products in 5-FU, ASODN and combination groups were significantly weaker than that in the control group (P<0.01). The percentage of c-myc-protein- positive cells were significantly lower in antisense oligodeoxynucleotide, 5-fluorouracil and combination groups than that in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS A liposome-mediated c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide and 5-fluorouracil can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer cells by reducing the expression of c-myc. A c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide can increase the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil and decrease the dosage of the agent necessary for efficacy, providing an experimental basis for the clinical therapy of liver cancer.
Alterations in Tau Phosphorylation in Rat and Human Neocortical Brain Slices Following Hypoxia and Glucose Deprivation

Tau is a microtubule-associated protein which is regulated by phosphorylation. Highly phosphorylated tau does not bind microtubules and is the main component of the paired helical filaments seen in Alzheimer's and related neurodegenerative diseases. Recent reports suggested that patterns of tau phosphorylation changed following ischemia and/or reperfusion in vivo. We used an in vitro model employing rat and human neocortical slices to investigate changes in tau phosphorylation which accompany oxygen and glucose deprivation. Western blotting with polyclonal and phosphorylation-sensitive Tau-1 monoclonal antisera was used to monitor changes in tau which accompanied conditions of oxygen and glucose deprivation and reestablishment of these nutrients. In vitro hypoglycemia/hypoxia caused tau to undergo significant dephosphorylation in both rat and human neocortical slices after 30 and 60 min of deprivation. This dephosphorylation was confirmed using immunoprecipitation experiments after radiolabeling tau and other proteins with 32Pi. Okadaic acid, a phosphatase inhibitor, was able to prevent tau dephosphorylation in both control and ischemic slices. Lubeluzole, a benzothiazole derivative with in vivo neuroprotective activity, did not significantly alter patterns of tau phosphorylation. Restoration of oxygen and glucose following varied periods of in vitro hypoxia/hypoglycemia (15-60 min) led to an apparent recovery in phosphorylated tau. These data suggest that tau undergoes a rapid, but reversible dephosphorylation following brief periods of in vitro hypoxia/hypoglycemia in brain slices and that changes in tau phosphorylation help determine the extent of recovery following oxygen and glucose deprivation.
Inequality, relative deprivation and human development outcomes in Mexico

Asset indices have been extensively used to evaluate household economic status where data on income or consumption expenditure is non-existent or of questionable validity. The idea is that asset indices can be a useful proxy for income or consumption expenditure and capture household welfare (in particular long-run welfare). In this article the relationship between asset indices and consumption expenditure is investigated empirically using data from the 2008, 2010 and 2012 Mexican Household Survey on Income and Consumption Expenditure. Not only does the article examine this relationship using recent data, but for the first time the methodologies proposed by Filmer and Pritchett (1999; 2001) and Kolenikov and Angeles (2004; 2009) are scrutinised and directly compared. Our analysis suggests that the level of agreement between the asset index and consumption expenditure is rather modest, and points to the indices constructed using the Kolenikov and Angeles Approach as consistently more closely related to consumption expenditure. 1.
Subdivisions of macaque monkey auditory cortex revealed by calcium‐binding protein immunoreactivity

The aim of this investigation was to characterize auditory areas of the primate cerebral cortex on the basis of chemoarchitecture. Cortical areas of the supratemporal plane were delineated in Macaca fuscata (M. fuscata) by immunocytochemical staining for parvalbumin, staining for cytochrome oxidase, examination of cyto‐ and myeloarchitecture, and retrograde tracing of corticocortical connections. Comparative observations were made on Macaca fascicularis (M. fascicularis).
Opioid actions on rat anterior cingulate cortex neurons in vitro

Intracellular recordings were made from layer V pyramidal neurons in slices of rat anterior cingulate cortex, using electrodes that contained potassium methylsulfate and biocytin. [Met5]enkephalin (300 nM to 30 microM) reversibly reduced the amplitude of EPSPs evoked by stimulation of the subcortical white matter; the half-maximal concentration was about 800 nM. These EPSPs were blocked by (+/-)-2- amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. [Met5]enkephalin also reduced the amplitude of bicuculline-sensitive IPSPs evoked by stimulation within layer V; the half-maximal concentration was about 60 nM. Both these actions of [Met5]enkephalin were mimicked by the delta-selective agonist DPDPE (Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-Phe-D- Pen) but not by the mu-selective agonist DAMGO (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Gly- ol); they were blocked by the delta-selective antagonist naltrindole (apparent dissociation constant of about 0.3 nM) but not by the mu- selective antagonist CTOP (D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2). [Met5]enkephalin did not change the amplitudes of depolarizations evoked by direct application of glutamate or hyperpolarizations evoked by direct application of muscimol (at -55 mV). Fifty percent (22 of 45) of pyramidal cells were hyperpolarized by [Met5]enkephalin; this resulted from an increase in potassium conductance, and it was mimicked by DPDPE and blocked by naltrindole. Five of seven nonpyramidal cells were hyperpolarized by [Met5]enkephalin; this was mimicked by DAMGO and blocked by CTOP. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Setting the Activity Level in Sparse Random Networks

We investigate the dynamics of a class of recurrent random networks with sparse, asymmetric excitatory connectivity and global shunting inhibition mediated by a single interneuron. Using probabilistic arguments and a hyperbolic tangent approximation to the gaussian, we develop a simple method for setting the average level of firing activity in these networks. We demonstrate through simulations that our technique works well and extends to networks with more complicated inhibitory schemes. We are interested primarily in the CA3 region of the mammalian hippocampus, and the random networks investigated here are seen as modeling the a priori dynamics of activity in this region. In the presence of external stimuli, a suitable synaptic modification rule could shape this dynamics to perform temporal information processing tasks such as sequence completion and prediction.
Implementation of improved 3D interpolation technique on HRIR models using PCA

Implementation of head-related impulse responses (HRIRs) in the present can be felt and experienced by most people. Three-dimension sound using HRIRs has been applied in various fields, such as voice virtualization, music, film, and also for video games. However, the amount of data available in the HRIR database required for 3D sound is substantial, hence making HRIR application more efficient even in computational systems that are limited in memory, requires a dimension reduction method for the HRIR data. This research used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) modelling method using HRTF PKU-IOA database. We analysed three interpolation techniques on the HRIR models; those are bilinear rectangular, bilinear triangular and tetrahedral interpolation technique. The best result of interpolation technique is by applying tetrahedral interpolation on PCA modelling of HRIR data, that has mean percentage error of 7.5034% from minimum phase HRIRs and spectral distortion of 4.7677 dB from magnitude HRTFs.
How Formal and Informal Institutions of Middle Eastern Countries Influence Managerial Discretion: An Empirical Investigation

Managerial discretion is the focal theme bridging the clash between two schools of thoughts; whether executives have greater influence on their firms’ outcomes or other factors restrain their actions (Hambrick & Finkelstein, 1987). It is argued that constraints come from inertial, normative and environmental forces (e.g. DiMaggio & Powell, 1983). Of these restraints is the institutional environment in which a firm is headquartered. Our paper falls within this research stream and provides an extension for Crossland and Hambrick (2007, 2011) work. We investigate the national level of discretion in new cross-cultural contexts, provide deeper understanding of its concept, and shed the light on undiscovered discretion’s antecedents and consequences. We adopt a quantitative approach in which questionnaires represent our data collection instrument. We anticipate that in high discretion countries firms tend to follow what Miles & Snow (1978) labeled ‘Prospector’ strategy as opposed to low discretion countries in which firms incline to implement a ‘Defender’ strategy.
Comparison of Fluconazole and Itraconazole in a Rabbit Model of Coccidioidal Meningitis

ABSTRACT Coccidioidal meningitis is a devastating disease that requires long-term therapy with little hope of cure. A rabbit model of coccidioidal meningitis was used to compare the therapeutic efficacies of fluconazole (FCZ) and itraconazole (ITZ). Hydrocortisone-treated male New Zealand white rabbits were infected intracisternally with 5.0 × 104 to 5.4 × 104arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis. Oral treatment with polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG) (n = 9), FCZ (n = 8; 80 mg/kg of body weight/day), or ITZ (n = 8; 80 mg/kg/day) began 5 days after infection and continued for 28 consecutive days. Both FCZ and ITZ reduced the number of CFU of C. immitis organisms in the spinal cord and brain compared with the number in PEG-treated animals (P ≤ 0.003), but the results for FCZ and ITZ were not different from each other. Histopathologic severity (semiquantitative scoring system by an observer blinded to treatment) was equally reduced in both FCZ and ITZ treatment groups compared with that in controls (P ≤ 0.0004). Both treatments resulted in lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentrations and leukocyte counts and faster clearing ofC. immitis from CSF compared with the results for PEG-treated controls. Neither drug affected CSF glucose levels. Both compounds were effective at reducing neurological and systemic signs and extending survival (P ≤ 0.014). FCZ was more effective at reducing head and body shakes, posture changes, and incontinence; ITZ was more effective at reducing continuous fever. Mean levels of FCZ and ITZ in the serum and CSF were determined by bioassay; at 17 to 26 h postdosing, levels were 28.1 to 40.0 and 22.4 to 29.9 μg/ml, respectively, for FCZ and 0.77 to 2.51 and 0 μg/ml, respectively, for ITZ. The sera of most animals developed antibody toC. immitis, but azole treatment attenuated antibody development in CSF and its titer. In conclusion, both FCZ and ITZ were efficacious, but neither was curative in a rabbit model of coccidioidal meningitis.
Bicultural Identity Formation of Second-Generation Indo-Canadians

This article examines the bicultural identity formation and cultural experiences internalized by second-generation Indo-Canadians in their efforts to accommodate the "best of both worlds" into their lifestyle. The objectives of this article are to educate the reader to become cognizant of the bicultural issues encountered by second-generation Indo-Canadians; to demonstrate interventions suitable for the second-generation Indo-Canadian populations; and to increase the readers' understanding of bicultural identity formation. What becomes evident is that intergenerational dialogue has a profound impact on the bicultural identity formation of this population. It will serve to guide these individuals to find a third space (Bhabha 2004) or zone of proximal development (ZPD) to encourage evolvement of their bicultural identity (Cummins 1996; Gutiérrez et al. 1999). Cet article porte sur la formation d'une identité biculturelle et l'expérience culturelle telle qu'elle est internalisée par des Indo-Canadiens de la deuxième génération dans leurs efforts de faire place dans leur mode de vie au «meilleur de deux mondes». Il vise à éduquer le lecteur en lui faisant connaître les problèmes biculturels auxquels les Indo-Canadiens de deuxième génération doivent faire face, à présenter des solutions qui pourraient s'adapter à ces derniers, et à faire mieux comprendre au dit lecteur en quoi consiste la formation d'une identité biculturelle. Ce qui devient évident, c'est que le dialogue intergénérationnel qui a lieu dans cette population a un impact profond sur sa formation identitaire. Ce dialogue servira de fil conducteur à cette deuxième génération pour trouver une troisième voie (Bhabba 2004), ou zone de développement « de proximité » (zone of proximal development ZPD), afin d'encourager l'élaboration de leur identité biculturelle (Cummings 1996; Gutiérrez et al. 1999).
Quercetin protects C6 glial cells from oxidative stress induced by tertiary-butylhydroperoxide

The anti-oxidant and cyto-protective activity of quercetin against tertiary-butylhydroperoxide (t-BOOH) induced oxidative stress on C6 glial cells is reported. Exposure of the cells to t-BOOH resulted in a significant increase in cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation. There was a significant increase in DNA strand breaks and fall in reduced GSH levels in cells exposed to t-BOOH. A significant increase in calcium ion influx was noticed in cells exposed to t-BOOH. Pre-treatment of cells with quercetin, vitamin C (vit C), Trolox, and deferoxamine (DFO) significantly inhibited t-BOOH induced cytotoxicity and ROS generation. Pretreatment of cells with quercetin, Trolox and DFO inhibited the DNA damage, maintained higher GSH levels and prevented calcium influx significantly. Although vit C protected the cells from cytotoxicity induced by t-BOOH, the intracellular Ca2+ levels were significantly higher than the control cells. However, anti-oxidants like butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), vitamin E (vit E), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) did not have significant cytoprotection against t-BOOH induced oxidative injury in C6 glial cells.
The efficacy of tamsulosin in lower ureteral calculi

Context: There has been a paradigm shift in the management of ureteral calculi in the last decade with the introduction of new less invasive methods, such as ureterorenoscopy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Aims: Recent studies have reported excellent results with medical expulsive therapy (MET) for distal ureteral calculi, both in terms of stone expulsion and control of ureteral colic pain. Settings and Design: We conducted a comparative study in between watchful waiting and MET with tamsulosin. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comparative study in between watchful waiting (Group I) and MET with tamsulosin (Group II) in 60 patients, with a follow up of 28 days. Statistical Analysis: Independent 't' test and chi-square test. Results: Group II showed a statistically significant advantage in terms of the stone expulsion rate. The mean number of episodes of pain, mean days to stone expulsion and mean amount of analgesic dosage used were statistically significantly lower in Group II (P value is 0.007, 0.01 and 0.007, respectively) as compared to Group I. Conclusions: It is concluded that MET should be considered for uncomplicated distal ureteral calculi before ureteroscopy or extracorporeal lithotripsy. Tamsulosin has been found to increase and hasten stone expulsion rates, decrease acute attacks by acting as a spasmolytic, reduces mean days to stone expulsion and decreases analgesic dose usage.
Labor and Social Identity in Ancient Peru: A Bioarchaeological Perspective

i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vii LIST OF FIGURES . ix CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 – Introduction . 1 CHAPTER 2 – Theoretical Orientation . 17 CHAPTER 3 – Literature Review . 26 CHAPTER 4 – Methods and Materials . 61 CHAPTER 5 – Results . 81 CHAPTER 6 – Discussion . 114 REFERENCES . 122 APPENDICES APPENDIX A – Non-elite Skeletal Sample Inventory . 149 APPENDIX B – Elite Skeletal Sample Inventory . 153 APPENDIX C – Non-elite Sample Fibrous Entheses Data . 156 APPENDIX D – Non-elite Sample Fibrocartilaginous Entheses Data . 161 APPENDIX E – Elite Sample Fibrous Entheses Data . 166 APPENDIX F – Elite Sample Fibrocartilaginous Entheses Data . 170 APPENDIX G – Letter of Permission to Use Copyrighted Photograph . 174 VITA.175