Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depression in Survivors of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Introduction: There was growing evidence of increased cardiovascular risk in patients with depressive disorders. Aim: To determinate the percentage of depression of the three investigated groups of patients with myocardial infarction and to determinate the correlation between sociodemographic characteristic and level of depression in survivors of AMI. Methods: The study was designed as observation cross-section including 120 patients treated at the University Clinic of Cardiology Skopje during 2018-2019 year, observed as 3 groups: group 1 was presented with patients during hospitalization for AMI, group 2 were patients survivors after 3 months of the acute coronary event and group 3 patients survivors after 12 months of the acute coronary event, Depression status was assessed using BDI. Results: the three groups presented almost equal representation of depression according BDI (X²=1,182, df=2, p=0,913) presented with 34,1 %, 30,8% and 30% respectively. The three groups of patients did not show significant difference according distribution of gender smoking , physical activity, stress, diabetes mellitus, age, mean BDI, BMI, Systolic BP, age of education and marital status . Only group 3 presented significantly higher diastole BP comparing in group 1 and group 2 (F=9,532, df=2,p< 0,001). The depression (BDI score) in examination groups was associated with sociodemographic and clinical parameters where female gender, higher education level, decreased BMI, smoking, decreased physical activity, younger age and single status are independent predictors of depression in patients who survived acute myocardial infarction. Conclusion: The results obtained in our study showed indicative representation of depression in patients survivors of AMI and significant association with sociodemographic and clinical parameters as predictors of depressive disorder. Regular screening for depression in patients survivors of AMI may improve the therapy decision, prognosis and the quality of patients’ life.
Associations between health behaviour, secondary health conditions and quality of life in people with spinal cord injury

Background The development of secondary health conditions (SHCs) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is common and can affect an individual’s emotional well-being, and his or her health-related quality of life (QOL). Little is known about relationships between performing health-benefiting behaviours and the presence (or absence) of SHCs and QOL, particularly in South Africa. Objectives This research study was conducted in order to determine the associations between health behaviour, SHCs and QOL in people with SCI (PWSCI). Method This cross-sectional study included 36 PWSCI discharged from a private rehabilitation facility in Pretoria, South Africa. The PWSCI completed questionnaires pertaining to lifestyle, independence, presence of SHCs, social support and QOL. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as correlation tests and chi-square test of independence (x2) using the SPSS v25. Moderate, moderately high and high correlations are reported (Pearson r ≥ 0.4). Results were significant if p < 0.05. Results Participation in health-benefiting behaviour was associated with increased QOL (r = 0.457, p < 0.01) and increased social support from family and friends (r = 0.425, p < 0.01), which was associated with increased QOL (r = 0.671, p < 0.001). Not participating in specific neuromusculoskeletal health behaviours was found to be associated with the overall presence of SHCs (r = -0.426, p < 0.01). Conclusions Participating in health-benefiting behaviour can reduce the development of SHCs and subsequently increase QOL in PWSCI. Health professionals must focus on minimising the development of SHCs by providing specific education on good health-benefiting behaviour.
Women’s Experience with Socio-Economic Factors Associated with Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality in Lusaka and Mumbwa Districts of Zambia

Background: More than half a million women and four million infants are reported to die every year due to complications related to pregnancy and child bearing. The efforts to improve quality maternity care have been on the World Health Organization member countries’ agenda. Zambia has been striving to reduce maternal mortality by ensuring universal access to maternal and child health care services. Our study aimed to explore women’s experience with socio-economic factors associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality in Lusaka and Mumbwa districts, Zambia. Methodology: This hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted at four health facilities in Mumbwa and Lusaka Districts of Zambia. A purposeful sample of 45 consenting women organized in four groups was selected. Each group comprised of 11 to 12 women. The focus group discussion guide was used to direct the discussion and the Olympus Digital Voice Recorder WS-852 (Olympus Corporation, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to record the discussions. The audio data was manually transcribed and verbatim transcript analyzed using ATLAS.ti 8.0 qualitative data software (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH, Berlin, Germany) to ascertain patterns of relationships between themes and quotations. Results: Money, husbands and family support, adequate health care resources, and good nurses attitude simplify the burden of pregnancy, delivery and child rearing for the health care providers, mothers and society. Conclusion: Having money and all the necessary resources during pregnancy simplifies the burden of pregnancy, delivery and child rearing for the health care providers, mothers and society. Women are still ignorant and believe in myths and need information on the dangers of depending on herbs and God in preparation for labor and care of the new born, but also seek help from qualified medical personnel when labor starts. Nurse’s attitude needs to change to ensure a reduction in women and newborn mortalities. Nurses were mentioned as the cause of mortality among women and newborn. Recommendations: There’s a need for training of nurses and other health care workers on self-awareness of attitudes. Women should be empowered with resources that facilitate labor and delivery. Midwives and health care providers should take responsibility for evaluating and correcting the beliefs and traditional practices of the community. Training should be planned for raising awareness in order to support beneficial practices and prevent harmful ones.
Streptococcus mutans Dental Carries among Patients Attending Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Dental plaque is an adherent deposit of bacteria and their products, which forms as a white greenish or even yellow film on all tooth surfaces. Dental plaque accumulates naturally at stagnant or retentive sites formed after one or two days with no oral hygiene (Nada HA et al., 2008). Dental caries is the single most prevalent and costly infectious disease worldwide, affecting more than 90% of the population in the US. The development of dental cavities requires the colonization of the tooth surface by acid producing bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, in conjunction with the frequent ingestion of a cariogenic high sucrose diet, the substrate for acid and glucan production by organisms. The elevated amounts of acid and glucans modulate the establishment of cariogenic organisms within tightly adherent biofilms known as dental plaque (Catalan MA et al., 2011). Tooth surfaces colonized with S. mutans are at a higher risk for developing caries (Pannu P. et al., 2013). Dental caries is an irreversible microbial disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth, which is characterized by demineralization of the inorganic portion and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth, which often leads to cavitation. Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, which is caused by host, agent, and environmental factors (Kt S. et al., 2013). Streptococcus mutansare gram positive cocci bacteria. These facultative anaerobes are commonly found in the human oral cavity. It grow at temperatures of between 18-40 oc . Streptococcus mutans are a cariogenic microorganism that breaks down sugar for energy and produces an acidic environment, which dematerializes the superficial structure of the tooth. The result of the conversion disintegrates the coating of the tooth then later dissolves the calcium molecule creating hole (Whiley RA. and Beighton D. 2013; Jav ND. et al., 2013). It can be isolated from individuals either with or without a history of caries, but the development of dental carries dependent on the bacterial load strain variation of Streptococcus mutans (Smith B et al., 19998; Zhang L. et al., 2009).
Capturing Upper Limb Gross Motor Categories Using the Kinect® Sensor.

IMPORTANCE Along with growth in telerehabilitation, a concurrent need has arisen for standardized methods of tele-evaluation. OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility of using the Kinect sensor in an objective, computerized clinical assessment of upper limb motor categories. DESIGN We developed a computerized Mallet classification using the Kinect sensor. Accuracy of computer scoring was assessed on the basis of reference scores determined collaboratively by multiple evaluators from reviewing video recording of movements. In addition, using the reference score, we assessed the accuracy of the typical clinical procedure in which scores were determined immediately on the basis of visual observation. The accuracy of the computer scores was compared with that of the typical clinical procedure. SETTING Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Seven patients with stroke and 10 healthy adult participants. Healthy participants intentionally achieved predetermined scores. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Accuracy of the computer scores in comparison with accuracy of the typical clinical procedure (immediate visual assessment). RESULTS The computerized assessment placed participants' upper limb movements in motor categories as accurately as did typical clinical procedures. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Computerized clinical assessment using the Kinect sensor promises to facilitate tele-evaluation and complement telehealth applications. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS Computerized clinical assessment can enable patients to conduct evaluations remotely in their homes without therapists present.
DEVELOPING STANDARD OF CARE FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS IN PORT-SAID CITY

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) has become a public health concern worldwide as the total number of ESRD patients requiring renal replacement therapy has been growing dramatically. In Egypt, there is an increase in prevalence and incidence of ESRD exerting a great burden on the health system. Moreover, in Egypt there is insufficient information about the quality of nursing care of hemodialysis patients. The aim, develop standard of care for patients undergoing hemodialysis. Study question, what are the minimal hemodialysis nursing intervention standards for safe, effective nurses' performance? Exploratory design was used in the current study . The present study was carried out in hemodialysis units in PortSaid general hospital, El-Mabara hospital and Port-Fouad general hospital in PortSaid city. The sample of this study consisted of: All hemodialysis unit nurses, physicians, nurse educators who had at least three years of experience in the field of study, the total number of experts was 78. The data were collected using. Tool I: Basic nurses' Competences opinionnaire sheet for hemodialysis patients. It included four parts. Part A: demographic data, Part B: related to nurses competencies (process): and Part C related to structured unit standards and Part D related to outcome. The results of this study indicated that all experts (100%) agreed about all structures elements, all nursing competencies & outcome. All experts (100%) thought that nurses could assume the responsibility of evaluating the basic nursing care/ activities performed for hemodialysis patients, the most common items of structure not available in all studied hospitals. Concluded, The developed hemodialysis standards of nursing care were highly reliable according to Spearmanbrown confection test. Recommended, The developed standards of nursing care for management of patient undergoing hemodialysis should be available in Arabic and English language in all hemodialysis units and should be revised and updated annually; motivation and financial rewards should be done regularly to encourage hemodialysis nurses to do their best.
Scaling Context-Sensitive Points-To Analysis

Pointer analysis is one of the key static analyses during compilation. The efficiency of several compiler optimizations and transformations depends directly on the scalability and precision of the underlying pointer analysis. Recent advances still lack an efficient and scalable contextsensitive inclusion-based pointer analysis. In this work, we propose four novel techniques to improve the scalability of context-sensitive points-to analysis for C/C++ programs. First, we develop an efficient way of storing the approximate points-to information using a multi-dimensional bloom filter (multibloom). By making use of fast hash functions and exploiting the spatial locality of the points-to information, our multibloom-based points-to analysis offers significant savings in both analysis time and memory requirement. Since the representation never resets any bit in the multibloom, no points-to information is ever lost; and the analysis is sound, though approximate. This allows a client to trade off a minimal amount of precision but gain huge savings (two orders less) in memory requirement. By making use of multiple random and independent hash functions, the algorithm also achieves high precision and runs, on an average, 2× faster than Andersen’s points-to analysis. Using Mod/Ref analysis as a client, we illustrate that the precision is above 98% of that of Andersen’s analysis. Second, we devise a sound randomized algorithm that processes a group of constraints in a less precise but efficient manner and the remaining constraints in a more precise manner. By randomly choosing different groups of constraints across different runs, the analysis results in different points-to information, each of which is guaranteed to be sound. By joining the results of a few runs, the analysis obtains an approximation that is very close to the one obtained by the more precise analysis and still proves efficient in terms of the analysis time. We instantiate our technique to develop a randomized context-sensitive points-to analysis. By varying the level of randomization, a client of points-to analysis can trade off minimal precision (less than 5%)
Risk factors for mortality among eclamptics admitted to the surgical intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

AbstractBackground: Facilities for intensive care are scarce in low-resource settings. Identifyingdeterminants of mortality among eclamptics requiring intensive care will provide insightregarding prioritization as to which group of eclamptics would benefit from earlierreferral or transfer to ICU this will improve survival in the face of scarce resourcesavailable for ICU.Setting: Tikur Anbessa Hospital, a teaching and central referral hospital in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia.Objectives: To identify risk factors associated with mortality of eclamptics who requiredintensive care after admission to TAH- SICU.Methods: A ten years retrospective, hospital based case-control study. The case recordsof eclamptics admitted to the SICU during the study period were reviewed. Cases werethose mothers who died, with the survivors acting as controls. Several variables wereassessed among the cases and controls to assess their risk towards mortality; OR and95% CI computed.Results: The majority were below the age of 30 years, 124 (84.4%); nulliparous 103(70.1%) and from Addis 113 (76.9%). Lateralizing signs were observed in 11(7.5%). Agegreater than 29 years (OR 3.29; 95% CI, 1.18-9.12); being a housemaid (OR 5.93; 95%CI, 1.13-34.15); multiparity (OR 3.32, 95% CI 1.40-7.87) and the presence oflateralizing signs at admission (OR 4.57; 95% CI, 1.12-19.04) were significantlyassociated with the risk of mortality. The overall SICU case fatality rate was 25.9 %. Conclusion: More vigilant attention should be given to eclamptics older than 29 years,those with low-socioeconomic status, multiparous mothers and presence of lateralizingsigns at admission. Prioritizing ICU admission to these groups may improve survival.There is a need to conduct more studies on ICU mortality to come up with more detailedindications for prioritizing ICU admission. (Ethiop. J.Repr. Health .May 2007, 1(1):4-16)1. Ghandi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
IBS common features among Northern Saudi population according to Rome IV criteria

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a global health disorder characterized heterogenic prevalence worldwide. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the IBS common features among Northern Saudi population according to Rome IV criteria. Methodology: In this community based cross-sectional survey, data about IBS were obtained from 900 Saudi volunteers living in the city of Hail, Northern Saudi Arabia. A Purposeful questionnaire was designed and used for obtaining the necessary data. Each questionnaire was filled by a medical student during the interview. IBS was diagnosed based on Rome IV Criteria. Results: The most common IBS type was mixed followed by constipation and diarrheal, constituting 173/403 (43%), 125/403 (31%) and 105/403 (26%), respectively. The prevalence rates of mixed constipation and diarrheal IBS types among males were 43%, 31.6%, and 25.4%, respectively. The prevalence rates of mixed constipation and diarrheal IBS types among females were 43%, 30.6%, and 26.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of rates of IBS using Rome IV, still within medium values among Northern Saudi population, though, there were higher prevalence rates of IBS symptoms. The most common IBS type was mixed followed by constipation and diarrheal types. All IBS related symptoms were more common among women compared to men.
Image registration with similarity measures using correlation techniques — A research study

Image Registration is a complex process which has gained lots of importance and is at the forefront of digital image processing due to its unique and fundamental nature because of vast variations in applications. The complexity and variations in applications are because of the methodology adopted for data acquisition, analysis and processing requirements. In order to carry out image registration process, many similarity measures are proposed from last few decades and correlation techniques are identified as one of the most important. Correlation techniques are in its infancy and rapidly gained popularity due to its simplicity and accuracy. The research importance and needs are ever increasing to understand complexity of image registration using similarity measures with correlation techniques towards high accuracies. Hence, a research study is carried out in this core area of image registration with similarity measures by using correlation techniques. The accuracy of image registration process with similarity measures using correlation techniques are enlightened in this research study.
Clinical Accuracy of Mcmurray Test and Thessaly Test in Meniscal Injuries and their Correlation with MRI

Background: The meniscus of the knee are vital for load bearing and shock absorption. Meniscal injury are common in young active adults who engaged in athletic activities. Following meniscal injury the presentation may vary from mild joint discomfort to frank locking of the joint. This creates a lot of morbidity to the patient. Various clinical tests are available for examining the integrity of the meniscus. The Thessaly test and McMurray test are very useful and cheap screening tools for identifying patient with suspected meniscal injuries. Before advising any patient presenting with traumatic knee pain for expensive investigations like MRI for suspected meniscus injury, these two clinical tests can serve as useful adjuncts in the management of such patients as not all meniscus tear need invasive treatment. Objectives: To assess the validity of a new clinical test (Thessaly) as a means of diagnosing meniscal tears of the knee by comparing the findings of Thessaly test with those of MRI and /or arthroscopy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done between June 2016 to June 2017 at chettinad hospital & research institute on consecutive patients who presented with suspected meniscal injury. These patients were screened for meniscal injuries by performing the McMurray and Thessaly test. Patients with strong clinical suspicion for meniscal tear were then advised MRI of the injured knee. The findings of MRI were then correlated with the clinical findings to measure the diagnostic accuracy. Results: A total of 71 patients were included in the study. The mean of age was 29.77 years with a standard deviation of 7.8. Injury during sports activity accounting for 56.34% of the study sample was the most common mode of injury. The McMurray test was positive in 66.20% and Negative in 33.80% of the study population. The Thessaly test at 5 degree of knee flexion was positive in 63.38% and Negative in 36.62% of the study population. The Thessaly test at 20 degrees of knee flexion was positive in 73.24% and Negative in 26.76% of the study population. Thessaly test in 20 degree flexion is more sensitive than McMurray test for diagnosis of meniscal lesions. Whereas McMurray test has better specificity and better predictive values compared to Thessaly test. Conclusions: Both McMurray test and Thessaly test either singly or combined cannot be used as an alternative to MRI in confirming the diagnosis of meniscal lesions. However, they can be used as an effective screening tool in the identification of patients with meniscal lesions who may benefit from further investigations like MRI.
Information Processing and Programmed Decision Systems

The capacity to evaluate decisions and information within a unified analytical model of the firm is at best a complex task. Even if, for the sake of simplicity, we ignore the effects of human behavior within organizations, most research on information processing design and evaluation has sought simulation in lieu of an explicit mathematical model. The purpose of this discussion is to suggest some practical extensions of the decision theory model for the design of management information processing systems and to illustrate these ideas through the detailed analysis of an aggregate planning problem.