Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An integrated paleomagnetic and magnetic anisotropy study of the Oligocene flysch from the Dukla nappe, Outer Western Carpathians, Poland

Abstract The Dukla Nappe belongs to the Outer Western Carpathians, which suffered considerable shortening due to the convergence and collision of the European and African plates. In this paper we present new paleomagnetic and magnetic anisotropy results from the Polish part of the Dukla Nappe, based on 102 individually oriented cores from nine geographically distributed localities. Susceptibility measurements and mineralogy investigations showed that paramagnetic minerals are important contributors to susceptibility anisotropy (AMS). The AMS fabrics are related to deposition/compression (foliation) and weak tectonic deformation (lineation). The AARM fabric, that of the ferrimagnetic minerals, seems to be a less sensitive indicator of tectonic deformation than the AMS fabric. The inclination-only test points to the pre-folding age of the remanent magnetizations. Seven localities exhibit CCW rotation, a single one shows CW rotation. The CCW rotated paleomagnetic directions form two groups, one showing large, the other moderate CCW rotation. Previously published paleomagentic directions from the Slovak part of the same nappe exhibit smeared distribution between them. The declination of the overall-mean paleomagnetic direction for the Dukla nappe is similar to those observed in the neighbouring Magura and Silesian nappes, but it is of poorer quality. The AMS lineations at several localities are deviating more to the west from the present north than that of the local tectonic strikes. A possible explanation for this is that the AMS lineations were imprinted first, probably still in the Oligocene, while the sediments were soft (ductile deformation) and the folding and tilting took place during the CCW rotation.
Improved Yield of Ligno-Cellulolytic Enzymes on Oyster Shell PowderAdded Typha Weed Substrate by Pleurotus florida

Solid state fermentation (SSF) of different combinations of Typha weed (Typha latifolia) substrate (TPS) and oyster shell powder (OSP) including TPS+OSP (100+0), TPS+OSP (99+1), TPS+OSP (97+3), TPS+OSP (95+5), TPS+OSP (92+8) and TPS+OSP (90+10) was conducted employing white-rot fungus Pleurotus florida. The influence of variable combinations was analyzed on different parameters viz., production of fungal ergosterol, enzymes (CMCase, xylanase, glucosidase, xylosidase, Mn-peroxidase and laccase) and specific protein. The highest ergosterol (371μg/g) was recorded in the TPS+OSP (95+5) combination. The highest CMCase activity (307 IU/g) and peroxidase activity (79 IU/g) were recorded in TPS+OSP (95+5) combination, whereas the highest xylanase (258 IU/g), β-glucosidase activity (116IU/g) and β-xylosidase (42 IU/g) activities were achieved in the sets of TPS+OSP (97+3). Moreover, highest laccase (801 IU/g) was recorded in TPS+OSP (92+8) set. The protein content analyzed showed highest protein (147 IU/g) in TPS+OSP (95+5) set. The lower concentration of OSP remarkably supported the production of all enzymes including ergosterol and concentration of protein, while lower levels were not supportive. In consequence, the use of OSP at their lower concentrations is recommended for the improvement of solid state fermentation and enzyme production.
Diet of invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) in Bermuda

As a generalist and opportunistic predator, lionfish (Pterois volitans and P. miles) consume large quantities of juvenile reef fish and invertebrates, as well as the adults of small-bodied species. To better understand the impacts of these fishes upon invaded coral reef ecosystems, we describe the feeding habits of invasive lionfish in Bermuda based on stomach contents analysis, and the influence that environmental factors have on their diet via spatial and temporal changes in prey availability. Relative to other regions throughout the northwestern Atlantic, lionfish in Bermuda consume a greater proportion of crustaceans, and their diet appears to rely upon the relative abundance of available prey species. A poorly -known crustacean, the red night shrimp Cinetorhynchus rigens, is the species of greatest importance to the diet of Bermuda lionfish. Currently, herbivorous fishes do not make a major contribution to their diet, although the lionfish frequently target both ecologically (e.g. bluehead wrasse Thalassoma bifasciatum) and economically important species (e.g. Atlantic creolefish Paranthias furcifer).
Study of brick mortar using sawdust as partial replacement of sand

The paper reports results of study on standard masonry mortar containing sand and sawdust as aggregates in a mix proportion of 1:3 and water-cement ratio of 0.55. A modified mortar of same design mix proportion (1:3) but varying water/cement ratio and constant slump of 74.3 mm to achieve higher workability was also evaluated. Six different percentages (5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 50%) of sand replacement were investigated. The flexural tensile strength, compressive strength, dry density, masonry wallet compressive strength, water absorption and slump were evaluated. The British code recommended masonry wallet compressive strength of 5.3 N/mm2 was achieved with 8 and 13% sawdust contents in the standard and modified mortars, respectively. Such mortars can be used as jointing and rendering materials on interior walls of buildings where water absorption by the mortar would be reduced. Key words: Sawdust, mortar, wallet, masonry compressive strength, water absorption.
Planting Aesthetics Seeds within the Journey of Children's Reading.

For the impact of parent-child reading picture books have on the child's learning process has been recommended at the elementary level as the appropriate strategies to bridge preschool and family education. The purpose of the study is firstly, to investigate the key virtues of the implementation in children's reading in preschool and at home; secondly, in terms of the challenges encountered to propose appropriately efficient solutions; thirdly, to enforce teachers' self-fulfillment and confidence in promoting young children's reading. Qualitative data were collected through observations, interviews, recording of anecdotes, adults' feedback sharing, and reflective journals from four projects, including advocating parent-child reading, inspiring young children's motivations to read, enhancing young children's interactions with picture books, and reading is funny. Data analysis included the sound and video records from teaching process, book list for learners, parents' sharing, teachers' sharing, researchers introspection daily, interviewing kids. According to these qualitative data, researchers adopted triangulation strategy to encode the data collected on the scene one by one. The results revealed four elements contributing in successful reading-extension activity, including environmental settings, appropriately developed activities during parent-child reading, the educators' scaffolding, and the educators' fulfillment in growth and self-professionalism. A last, the practical suggestions and possible directions for young children reading were proposed for the institute, preschool, educators and parents of early childhood education.
The Impact of NLP on Turkish Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment analysis on English texts is a highly popular and well-studied topic. On the other hand, the research in this field for morphologically rich languages is still in its infancy. Turkish is an agglutinative language with a very rich morphological structure. For the first time in the literature, this paper investigates and reports the impact of the natural language preprocessing layers on the sentiment analysis of Turkish social media texts. The experiments show that the sentiment analysis performance may be improved by nearly 5 percentage points yielding a success ratio of 78.83% on the used data set.
THE MATHEMATICS SUBJECT MATTER KNOWLEDGE OF PRE-SERVICE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

This paper reports recent findings from a project which investigates the mathematics subject knowledge of prospective elementary school teachers in the UK, and how this relates to classroom teaching performance. The project was initiated in 1997 in the context of UK government policy to introduce subject content knowledge as an explicit dimension of the standards for the award of Qualified Teacher Status in England. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. We review here some findings about topics that trainees find difficult and explore early indications that the extent and security of their subject matter knowledge is related to their teaching competence.
Highly Selective Digital Filter Bank through Linear Variation of Stopband Attenuation in Multirate Processing by Sample Modification Technique

Digital spectral analysis is the significant factor of consideration by which numerous applications importantly need of effective reception and analysis of signals, that is, the reception of signals is needed with improved spectral characteristics and simple techniques. To meet the above requirements, a novel technique is proposed in digital bandpass filter bank, supported by 'Modified Kaiser window' based Finite impulse response method in Multirate processing followed by Fast Fourier transform. The novel technique influences largely in the proposed method in such a way that it involves the modification of samples of input signal for deriving the advantages in respect of selectivity, stopband attenuation, peak output and constant width cum sharp rise of response apart from smooth spectral output when compared with existing methods. Further, reduction in computational complexity and hardware complexity are the additional features of the proposed method, henceforth; its spectral output is suitable in many of real time applications and moreover advantageous in digital hearing aids. The simulation results are drawn and its performance is compared to elucidate the advantages in the proposed method.
Accuracy and efficiency of raytracing photoionisation algorithms

Three non-equilibrium photoionisation algorithms for hydrodynamical grid-based simulation codes are compared in terms of accuracy, timestepping criteria, and parallel scaling. Explicit methods with first-order time accuracy for photon conservation must use very restrictive timestep criteria to accurately track R-type ionisation fronts. A second-order accurate algorithm is described which, although it requires more work per step, allows much longer timesteps and is consequently more efficient. Implicit methods allow ionisation fronts to cross many grid cells per timestep while maintaining photon conservation accuracy. It is shown, however, that errors are much larger for multi-frequency radiation than for monochromatic radiation with the implicit algorithm used here, and large errors accrue when an ionisation front crosses many optical depths in a single step. The accuracy and convergence rates of the different algorithms are tested with a large number of timestepping criteria to identify the best criterion for each algorithm. With these criteria selected, the second-order explicit algorithm is the most efficient of the three, and its parallel scaling is significantly better than that of the implicit algorithm. The upgrade from first- to second-order accuracy in explicit algorithms could be made very simply to fixed-grid and adaptive mesh-refinement codes which currently use a first-order method.
An intercomparison of trends in surface air temperature analyses at the global, hemispheric, and grid‐box scale

The IPCC Third Assessment Report noted that three major temperature analyses exhibited different warming rates over global land areas since 1976. This paper attempts to explain these trend discrepancies by quantifying the sensitivity of global, hemispheric, and grid‐box trends to both the spatial averaging technique and the underlying station network. The Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) analysis and the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) analysis have comparable trends when the same approach is used to compute the global time series, and since the mid‐1970s the rate of warming in both is as much as a third greater than in the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) analysis. On the hemispheric scale, GHCN and CRU have similar trends regardless of the gridding approach, whereas GISS again has less warming in recent decades (particularly in the Southern Hemisphere). GHCN and CRU also exhibit reasonable agreement at the grid‐box level during the period 1976–2003.
The Perils of Globalization: Offshoring and Economic Insecurity of the American Worker

According to polls from the 2006 congressional elections, globalization and economic insecurity were the primary concerns of many voters. These Americans apparently believe that they have fallen victim to liberal trade polices and that inexorable trends in globalization are destroying the American Dream. In this analysis, we use time series cross-section data from the General Social Survey (GSS) to examine the links among offshoring, labor market volatility, and the demand for social insurance. Unique among the GSS literature, our analysis includes a pseudo-panel model which permits including auxiliary state and regional macroeconomic information.
Kepler observations of the asteroseismic binary HD 176465

Binary star systems are important for understanding stellar structure and evolution, and are especially useful when oscillations can be detected and analysed with asteroseismology. However, only four systems are known in which solar-like oscillations are detected in both components. Here, we analyse the fifth such system, HD 176465, which was observed by Kepler . We carefully analysed the system’s power spectrum to measure individual mode frequencies, adapting our methods where necessary to accommodate the fact that both stars oscillate in a similar frequency range. We also modelled the two stars independently by fitting stellar models to the frequencies and complementaryparameters. We are able to cleanly separate the oscillation modes in both systems. The stellar models produce compatible ages and initial compositions for the stars, as is expected from their common and contemporaneous origin. Combining the individual ages, the system is about 3.0 ± 0.5 Gyr old. The two components of HD 176465 are young physically-similar oscillating solar analogues, the first such system to be found, and provide important constraints for stellar evolution and asteroseismology.
Atomic hydrogen in IllustrisTNG galaxies: the impact of environment parallelled with local 21-cm surveys

We investigate the influence of environment on the cold-gas properties of galaxies at z=0 within the TNG100 cosmological, magnetohydrodynamic simulation, part of the IllustrisTNG suite. We extend previous post-processing methods for breaking gas cells into their atomic and molecular phases, and build detailed mocks to comprehensively compare to the latest surveys of atomic hydrogen (HI) in nearby galaxies, namely ALFALFA and xGASS. We use TNG100 to explore the HI content, star formation activity, and angular momentum of satellite galaxies, each as a function of environment, and find that satellites are typically a factor of ~3 poorer in HI than centrals of the same stellar mass, with the exact offset depending sensitively on parent halo mass. Due to the large physical scales on which HI measurements are made (~45--245 kpc), contributions from gas not bound to the galaxy of interest but in the same line of sight crucially lead to larger HI mass measurements in the mocks in many cases, ultimately aligning with observations. This effect is mass-dependent and naturally greater for satellites than centrals, as satellites are never isolated by definition. We also show that HI stripping in TNG100 satellites is closely accompanied by quenching, in tension with observational data that instead favour that HI is preferentially stripped before star formation is reduced.
SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research Reforming Family Taxation in Germany – Labor Supply vs . Insurance Effects

The present paper quantifies the economic consequences of eliminating the system of income splitting in Germany. We apply a dynamic simulation model with overlapping generations where single and married agents have to decide on labor supply and homework facing income and lifespan risk. The numerical exercise computes the resulting welfare changes across households and isolates aggregate efficiency effects of a move towards either individual taxation or family splitting. Our results indicate strongly that a switch towards individual taxation performs best in terms of economic efficiency due to reduced labor market distortions and improved insurance provision. In our benchmark calibration the efficiency gain amounts to roughly 0.4 percent of aggregate resources. Excluding home production significantly reduces aggregate efficiency gains while including marital risk slightly improves the efficiency of individual taxation. JEL Classifications: H21, H24, J12, J22
Testing of TiO 2 Nan oparticles on Wheat and Microorganisms in a Soil Microcosm

Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly manufactured and implemented in various products. A new field of application of NPs is the use in fertilizer or plant protection products (PPP) in agriculture. The possible benefits for agricultural practices, however, might at the same time be a threat to organisms of the terrestrial environment. Despite the great potential of NP for agricultural use, only few studies analysed NP toxicity in complex environments such as soil. In this study, a long term (84d) soil microcosm experiment was conducted using two types of TiO2 NPs (P25 and E171) at spiked nominal concentrations of 1, 100 and 1000 mg/kg soil in order to assess the toxicity towards wheat and soil microorganisms. In addition, uptake of TiO2 NPs into wheat plants and their mobility in soil were assessed. Although no toxic effects were detected for wheat, indications for uptake of TiO2 NPs into the plant root were demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, raised Ti concentrations were observed in wheat grains, indicating a translocation of NPs from the soil to the grains. Root colonisation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil microbial DNA and nitrous oxide emissions from soils did not differ between microcosms amended with TiO2 NPs and the control treatment. This implies that the tested soil microbes were not affected by the presence of NPs. Elevated concentrations of Ti in microcosm leachates of soils spiked with TiO2 NPs compared to the control treatment indicated possible mobilization of TiO2 NPs. In conclusion, no toxicological effects were detected on the organisms tested. However, the findings raise new questions concerning the fate of TiO2 NPs in the soil-plant system. These need to be addressed in order to provide robust information for a risk assessment of TiO2 NPs in PPPs.
In vitro pollen germination and tube growth of some European chestnut genotypes (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Introduction . Investigation of pollen performance is essential in breeding experiments or artificial pollination procedures, especially in a crop such as chestnut, some genotypes of which are characterized by male sterility. Our study was carried out to determine the pollen germination rate and the pollen tube growth of some European chestnut genotypes. Materials and methods . Seven Turkish advanced chestnut selections (SE3-12, SE18-2, SE21-2, SE21-9, 552-8, 552-10 and 554-14), and a cultivar (Sariaslama), growing in two different locations, were studied in the central Black Sea region of Turkey in 2006. For this purpose, in vitro pollen germination tests were performed on media with four different concentrations of sucrose [(0, 5, 10 and 15)%]. Results and discussion . The pollen germination rates of the eight genotypes studied were significantly different due to the sucrose concentrations. The best pollen germination rate was found in the 554-14 chestnut genotype (35.80%). The best sucrose concentration for a high germination rate and pollen tube growth was 10%. For the same genotype, the results varied due to the two different study locations (Terme and Fatsa). A linear relationship between the sucrose concentrations and pollen tube length was found to be significant in most genotypes. The longest pollen tube length was found in the 554-14 genotype (74 mm).
Working Together to Build Cooperative Food Systems

First paragraphs: The combined challenges of food insecurity, agriculture-related environmental decline, corporate concentration, and the decline of community resilience are being met by growing societal interest in developing more just and sustainable food systems. A recent emphasis on cooperation and innovative forms of collective action within the food movement invokes a community-centered approach to food provisioning where collective problem-solving and democracy take center place in the development agenda (Ikerd, 2012). Cooperative alternative food networks are becoming powerful tools for community development and important vehicles for cultivating democratically controlled food systems at multiple scales. The papers in this special issue provide an important contribution to our understanding of the function, the challenges, and the potential of collective action in enabling more just and resilient food systems. Cooperative alternative food networks represent a break from the competitive productivism of the dominant food economy and create new relational spaces that hold promise for overcoming the pragmatic and political limits of some of the more individualistic approaches in the local/ sustainable food movement. These include cooperative forms of: food hubs, local food networks, farmers' markets, CSAs, box schemes, buying clubs, and value chains, along with a range of agriculture and food cooperatives owned by farmers, consumers, workers, and in emerging multistakeholder cooperative structures. With a renewed emphasis on civic governance, the resulting food-provisioning systems are based on principles of participatory democracy, solidarity, and reciprocity (Renting, Schermer, & Rossi, 2012) and provide spaces to nurture collective subjectivities required for transformative food practice and politics (Levkoe, 2011).
Taxation of Corporations and Their Impact on Economic Growth: The Case of EU Countries

One of the most debated questions in economy is the relationship between tax rates and eco- nomic growth. Especially taxation of corporations has great importance because a corporate tax base is quite a mobile factor of production and simultaneously the tax competition is currently still tougher due to required economic development particularly in the context of the economic crisis. Based on the available literature, we can deductively derive and suppose an inverse rela- tionship between tax burden and economic growth; on the other side, the degree of correlation is not so obvious. The aim of this article is to verify the expected negative relationship between corporate taxation and long-term economic growth in the sample countries. This analysis is based on the neoclas- sical growth model extended with human capital. Furthermore, the model associated with the variable reflecting the different possibilities to measure the tax burden on corporations, espe - cially tax quota separated on income taxation of corporations, the implicit tax rate on capital and effective tax rates secured by micro-forward looking methods. The default is a panel regression methodology and related methods of data analysis. The sample consists of EU member states. The reference periods are the annual frequencies in the time frame 1998 - 2010.