Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficiency Comparison of Trapezoidal and Sinusoidal Method for Brushless DC Motor Drive

This paper compares overall efficiency of trapezoidal BLDC motor which is excited by trapezoidal drive and sinusoidal drive. The different characteristics and performance of trapezoidal Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is formed by driving methods. Sinusoidal drive that excites trapezoidal BLDC motor generates greater maximum torque than trapezoidal drive. However, with regard to high frequency loss caused by a pulse width modulation (PWM) carrier and switching loss, the trapezoidal drive has potential to achieve higher efficiency than the sinusoidal drive. Thus, these two drive methods excite trapezoidal BLDC motor are compared to study the efficiency performance. The motors drives are simulated by using MATLAB and their efficiency are measured. The results show that the trapezoidal BLDC motor with trapezoidal drive has higher efficiency compared to trapezoidal BLDC motor with sinusoidal drive.
Assessment of genetic diversity in quality protein maize (QPM) lines using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers

Maize is a primary source of energy supplement and can contribute up to 30% protein, 60% energy and 90% starch in an animal’s diet. In the present investigation, 48 microsatellite markers, spread across the maize genome were used for analyzing genetic diversity among the sixty three quality protein maize (QPM) lines, including lines developed in India and CIMMYT, Mexico. Polymorphic profiles for 37 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci aided in differentiating the QPM inbred lines. Using SSR procedures, the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six, giving a total of 151 alleles for the 37 SSR loci. The genotypes were grouped into different clusters using NTSYSpc2.11 programme. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was found to be highest for the primers bnlg1401, bnlg2136, bnlg1633 and umc 1357 (0.96) while the lowest value was for the primer umc 1656 (0.75) with the mean value of 0.48. From this study, the inbred line CML 142(w) is to give better combinations with CML 172, CM 161, CML 163, CLQRCYQ 281, CML 121, HQPM 5, HQPM 7, CML165 and CML 161 × CML 165 for the development of hybrids suitable for India. Key words : QPM, SSR, cluster analysis.
Procrastination and the priority of short‐term mood regulation: Consequences for future self.

Procrastination is a common and pervasive problem associated with a range of negative outcomes across a variety of life domains that often occurs when people are faced with tasks that are seen as aversive. In this paper, we argue that as a form of self-regulation failure, procrastination has a great deal to do with short-term mood repair and emotion regulation. Moreover, we contend that a temporal understanding of self and the mood-regulating processes involved in goal pursuit is particularly important in understanding procrastination, because the consequences of procrastination are typically borne by the future self. After summarizing the research on the priority of short-term mood regulation in procrastination, we then draw the connection between the focus on short-term mood repair and the temporal disjunction between present and future selves. We present research that exemplifies these intra-personal processes in understanding temporal notions of self characterized by procrastination, and then link these processes to the negative consequences of procrastination for health and well-being. We conclude with a discussion of possible avenues for future research to provide further insights into how temporal views of the self are linked to the dynamics of mood regulation over time in the context of procrastination.
Non‐linear Predictability of UK Stock Market Returns*

Linear predictability of stock market returns has been widely reported. However, recently developed theoretical research has suggested that due to the interaction of noise and arbitrage traders, stock returns are inherently non-linear, whereby market dynamics differ between small and large returns. This paper examines whether an exponential smooth transition threshold model, which is capable of capturing this non-linear behaviour, can provide a better characterization of UK stock market returns than either a linear model or an alternate non-linear model. The results of both in-sample and out-of-sample specification tests support the exponential smooth transition threshold model and hence the belief that investor behaviour does differ between large and small returns. Copyright 2003 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Statistical study of auroral fragmentation into patches

The study of auroral dynamics is important when considering disturbances of the magnetosphere. Shiokawa et al. (2010, 2014) reported observations of finger‐like auroral structures that cause auroral fragmentation. Those structures are probably produced by macroscopic instabilities in the magnetosphere, mainly of the Rayleigh‐Taylor type. However, the statistical characteristics of these structures have not yet been investigated. Here based on observations by an all‐sky imager at Tromsø (magnetic latitude = 67.1°N), Norway, over three winter seasons, we statistically analyzed the occurrence conditions of 14 large‐scale finger‐like structures that developed from large‐scale auroral regions including arcs and 6 small‐scale finger‐like structures that developed in auroral patches. The large‐scale structures were seen from midnight to dawn local time and usually appeared at the beginning of the substorm recovery phase, near the low‐latitude boundary of the auroral region. The small‐scale structures were primarily seen at dawn and mainly occurred in the late recovery phase of substorms. The sizes of these large‐ and small‐scale structures mapped in the magnetospheric equatorial plane are usually larger than the gyroradius of 10 keV protons, indicating that the finger‐like structures could be caused by magnetohydrodynamic instabilities. However, the scale of small structures is only twice the gyroradius of 10 keV protons, suggesting that finite Larmor radius effects may contribute to the formation of small‐scale structures. The eastward propagation velocities of the structures are −40 to +200 m/s and are comparable with those of plasma drift velocities measured by the colocating Super Dual Auroral Radar Network radar.
Control of the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch on Kidney Bean and Pea Plants

The effect of the two predatory mite species Phytosiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Typhlodromips swirskii (Athias-Henriot), fungal entomopathogen, Beuvaria bassiana and the biochemical compound Abamectin (Vapcomic) were investigated against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch on kidney bean (Paulista) and sugar snap pea (Snow wind) in a greenhouse at Behaira governorate during 2013 season. The average number of spider mite population was significantly different among the different treatments on Paulista (F 4,99= 39.025; P < 0.001; Table 1), and on Snow wind (F 4,99= 32.17; P < 0.001). The mean reduction percentage of spider mite populations on both plant varieties by P. persimilis was significantly the highest (95.2%), followed by treating with Vapcomic (90.0 %) and the fungus B. bassiana (84.8%); T. swirskii caused the least (71.9%). Thus, using P. persimilis to control the two spotted spider mite on the two plant varieties (Paulista and Snow wind) is recommended.
Does The E-Loyalty Increase As The Consumer s Access To The Internet Increases An Empirical Study In Turkey

The purpose of the study is to investigate whether the level of the Internet experience has a moderating effect on the relationship between e-satisfaction and eloyalty. Because according to the literature, the moderator effect of internet usage level has not been investigated in terms of the relationship between e-satisfaction and eloyalty. Therefore, there is a gap in the literature and this study aims to fill it. Multivariate methods were applied in this study. The level of the Internet experience has been the moderator effect on the relationship between e-satisfaction and e-loyalty. Consumers with low the Internet experience were found to show more e-loyalty than those who had high the Internet experience. As the internet usage increases competition, it is suggested that e-commerce companies should be differentiated from other competitors through e-trust, branding of the web site, use of social media communication channels and participation in social responsibility projects.
Will Ngorongoro Conservation Area remain a world heritage site amidst increasing human footprint

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) is a World’s Heritage site and Biosphere Reserve in Tanzania. It is the only protected area with multiple land use where both wildlife conservation and limited human activities are allowed. Despite such an important status, the area is experiencing ecosystem changes resulting from increasing human population, diversified livelihoods and tourism activities. This study was conducted to determine the trends and challenges of livelihood activities of the local Maasai and tourism in NCA and their implications on the ecology of the area. Household questionnaire interviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, direct field observations and secondary data reviews were applied. A total of 145 people from Enduleni, Oloirobi villages and the NCA Authority (NCAA) were involved in the study. To complement the socio-economic data, landsat MSS satellite images of 1990, 2000 and 2013 blocks were analysed to assess land use/cover changes occurring in the study area. Results indicate rapid human population growth rate of 5.6% and an increment of 1.1% of livestock population per annum. It is also noted that about 46% of cropland has increased in the studied villages. Furthermore, the Maasai who were historically pastoralists are changing to agro-pastoralists. The grasslands and other natural forests showed a decreasing trend. The decreasing trends in wildlife are being associated with the changing vegetation characteristics among other factors. Despite the ecological changes, the Maasai have remained uncomfortable with the restrictions over land use so far implemented by the NCAA. In addition, there has been an increasing number of tourists and facility development within the NCA. There were also differing views between the Maasai and NCAA, which might put the NCA ecosystem under serious threats questioning its future. Whether or not the NCA will remain a world heritage site depends on management measures taken, otherwise the disappearance of the NCA ecosystem is imminent. Key words: NCA, NCAA, world heritage site, tourism, ecosystem change, human population, diversified livelihoods.
A Belief-Driven Discovery Framework Based on Data Monitoring and Triggering

A new knowledge-discovery framework, called Data Monitoring and Discovery Triggering (DMDT),is defined, where the user specifies monitors that â€œwatch" for significant changes to the dataand changes to the user-defined system of beliefs. Once these changes are detected, knowledgediscovery processes, in the form of data mining queries, are triggered. The proposed frameworkis the result of an observation, made in the previous work of the authors, that when changes tothe user-defined beliefs occur, this means that, there are interesting patterns in the data. In thispaper, we present an approach for finding these interesting patterns using data monitoring andbelief-driven discovery techniques. Our approach is especially useful in those applications wheredata changes rapidly with time, as in some of the On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems. The proposed approach integrates active databases, data mining queries and subjectivemeasures of interestingness based on user-defined systems of beliefs in a novel and synergeticway to yield a new type of data mining systems.
The effect of music tempo on movement responses of preschool children

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of tempo on movement responses of children ages one to three. For two weeks, 17 children between the ages of 22 and 36 months were videotaped twice per week to observe and measure their movement responses to fast and slow musical stimuli. During these sessions, the children were videotaped in their classrooms, engaged in either free play or in a quiet group activity. The videotaped sessions were then analyzed using a Motor Observation Form. Once all of the tapes had been viewed and scored, overall percentages of movement and no movement were calculated for the fast and slow selections. Within the movement category, overall percentages for locomotor, axial, and small motor movements were calculated as well. Results indicated no significant difference overall due to the main effect of tempo (p > .05). A significant difference was found among the age groups in means for overall movement (p = .0001). Children in the middle age group (26-29 mos.) exhibited more movement responses than those in the youngest group (22-26 mos.) and the oldest group (29-36 mos.). Comparing the three movement categories also indicated a significant difference among the categories (p < .0001). Small motor movements were exhibited more frequently than axial and locomotor movements by a margin of 4:1. Results suggested a relationship between age and music tempo (p = .0196). The youngest and middle groups moved more during the slow selections, but the oldest group moved the most during the fast selections.
A responsiveness-based (composite) indicator with an application to countries' innovative performance

The aim of this paper is twofold: on one hand, from a methodological-statistical perspective, it develops a responsiveness-based index for a series of input factors on a specific target variable (assumed to capture the phenomenon the analyst wishes to look at), by means of an extended version of a random coefficient regression approach; on the other hand, it applies this methodology to the case of countries’ innovation performance, where the target variable is the country number of patents (as proxy of “innovativeness”), and where inputs are chosen according to the literature dealing with the measurement of country technological capabilities. The novelty of the approach presented in the paper regards the possibility of extracting from data a country-specific “reactivity effect” or “responsiveness” (that is, mathematically, a derivative) to each single input feeding into the regression. Thus, the paper provides a promising approach for ranking countries according to their responsiveness to specific inputs, an approach that can be complementary to the analysis on “level” performed, for instance, in the canonical composite indicators’ literature. As for results on countries’ innovation function, besides a (new) ranking of countries, this approach allows also for testing - in an original and straightforward way - the (possible) presence of increasing (decreasing) returns. Two years are considered and compared, 1995 and 2007, on 42 countries. Our tests conclude that in both years innovative increasing returns are at work, although in 2007 their strength drops considerably compared to 1995. According to a huge literature on the subject (both neoclassical and evolutionary), we conclude that a self-reinforcing mechanism in new knowledge production, absorption and diffusion is at the basis of these results. As for the structural change found between 1995 and 2007, we deem it to depend on the growing globalization of production and innovation processes and on the brilliant growth of some developing countries worldwide, with a remarkable role played – according to our results – by post-communist economies.
Unpacking Alliances: Deterrent and Compellent Alliances and Their Relationship with Conflict, 1816–2000

Do alliances deter aggression? I develop a typology of deterrent and compellent military alliances to better define the possible conditions for intervention and use new data from 1816 to 2000 to analyze the relationship between alliances and conflict. First, unconditional compellent alliances, a category that represents a minority of alliances, are associated with a 249% increase in the likelihood of conflict when the prospective initiator is an alliance member. Such alliances are especially associated with violent conflict. Second, conditional compellent alliances exhibit no discernible relationship with conflict. Third, deterrent alliances contingent upon the adversary’s attack are associated with an 18% decrease in the likelihood a third party will initiate a conflict with an alliance member. Minor powers holding such alliances with major powers are unlikely to be attacked violently. Fourth, other categories of deterrent alliances do not deter violent conflict. In fact, deterrent alliances that permit .
The Abuse of 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrrolidinobutyrophenone (MDPBP): A Case Report

The Abuse of 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrrolidinobutyrophenone (MDPBP): A Case Report The abuse of new designer drugs available on the black marketis increasing worldwide. Their use has, in some cases, led to fatal overdoses in addition to other adverse social and health effects, yet revealing the cause of the potential intoxication has so far proven difficult on account of the absence of appropriate analytical data for the drug in question as well as the lack ofspecific knowledge of how it is metabolized. The case outlined here concerns abuse of an unspecified drug nicknamed “Funky”. Simultaneous general GC-MS screening and ultra-high resolution accurate mass liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry toxicological analysis of the subject’s urine confirmed the presence of 3,4 methylenedioxypyrrolidinobutyrophenone, one of the new synthetic cathinones. The parent drug in the urine sample was accompanied by a dominant metabolite, which was most likely one of the two possible stereoisomers produced by demethylenation and subsequent O-methylation of the hydroxy group. This was the first confirmation of MDPBP abuse in the Czech Republic supported by the toxicological identification of MDPBP and its dominant metabolite in human urine.
Glucuronic Acid Rich Kombucha-fermented Pomegranate Juice

This study is the first report using tea fungus “kombucha” to ferment natural pomegranate juice to produce a fermented beverage with high content of glucuronic acid, as a human health beneficial component. We profited the acetic acid bacteria and yeasts symbiotic layer, which is well known in producing pharmaceutical beverages with considerable released organic acids such as glucuronic acid. Also, we used the natural pomegranate juice with high amount of carbohydrate and acid, as a favourable substrate for the fermentation process. The yield of glucuronic acid production was monitored by cultivating natural pomegranate juices under the 17 optimized-combinations of three distinct sucrose concentrations, fermentation temperatures, and processing time. The combinations were designated by applying the statistical response surface methodology method. The maximum amount of glucuronic acid 17.074g/l determined in the media with 8g/l supplementary sucrose after 14 days fermentation at 37°C, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Along with glucuronic acid production, effect of the three factors - sugar concentration, processing temperature and time - was also examined on changes of five physical and chemical properties of the fermented pomegranate juices, including; pH value, remained sucrose and reducing sugar content, kombucha layer biomass, and total acidity. Within 14-day fermentation process, the pH values showed decrease, the layers’ mass presented considerable increase, and the total acid content increased in the beverages. Overall, obtained data suggested that natural pomegranate juice can be a potential candidate for further development as a functional beverage to support the maximum human daily intake of glucuronic acid (45mg for a 70kg adult).
COMPARISONS OF SELF- REGULATION IN MIDDLE SCHOOL ATHLETE AND NON- ATHLETE BOYS STUDENTS

This study compared self-regulation in 80 middle school athlete and non- athlete boys students (seventh and eighth grade). An ex post facto design was used. Statistical population comprised of all students in middle schools in, harsin, Iran, during the 2012-2013 academic year. Students selected by randomly multi-cluster sampling. The student completed the Self-Regulation Scale (SRS). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Differences were found between the groups on the self-regulation.
Inibição de Escherichia coli de leite mastítico pelo óleo de copaíba

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of two different copaiba oils against Escherichia coli obtained from mastitic milk. An antimicrobial assay was performed using an agar diffusion test, testing three solutions: a negative control and two solutions of different copaiba oils. This test was performed with 27 mastitic E. coli isolates. Eight isolates (29.63%) were inhibited by C. langsdorffii oil solution and seven by C. officinalis oil. The results of the present in vitro study suggest that copaiba oils may be potential sources of new and selective agents for the treatment of mastitis, pending further testing in in vivo models.
Luxury buying in the United Arab Emirates

Luxury products represent the most complex in terms of the various factors influencing the buyer’s choice. In particular, the role played by important social symbols, publicly consumed goods, change in culture, opinion leadership, reference group, social consumption motivation, and gender differences make the consumer decision making process a complex area of study. An analysis of literature revealed that luxury buying was an important trend in the Emirati society in the United Arab Emirates, whose purchase behaviour of the same has not been documented as yet. Owning luxury products reflected one’s personality, social image, and their position in this society. This paper studies the various factors influencing the consumer’s purchase decisions on luxury products in the UAE. Necessary propositions were drawn to reflect the purchase decision of luxury products by the Arab citizens of the UAE. 13 structured focus groups were conducted with Emirati nationals, both men and women, and a content analysis on each of the propositions was carried out. Findings indicated that family and peers were the key influencers of purchase decisions related to luxury products. These findings represent the social and cultural considerations to be taken into account in the marketing of luxury products in the UAE. Paper type: Research paper