Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targets for R&D on Nb3Sn Conductor for High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics has been consistently pushing the performance of technical superconductors, for the benefit of high field magnet technology. So far the workhorse for particle accelerators has been Nb-Ti, but the practical performance limit has been attained with the LHC. Calls for higher beam luminosity (e.g., HL-LHC), and higher beam energy (e.g., FCC), demand a transition from Nb-Ti to Nb3Sn, presently the only practical candidate material offering the required high field performance. This paper provides a summary of desirable properties and performance targets for Nb3Sn to satisfy the challenging magnet specifications for upgrades of existing and future HEP accelerators.
Cytogenetic and morphological diversity in populations of Astyanax fasciatus (Teleostei, Characidae) from Brazilian northeastern river basins

In the present work, morphometric and cytogenetic analyses were carried out in populations of the fish Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae) from Contas and Reconcavo Sul River basins (State of Bahia, Brazil), providing new data on the genetic structure of this species along the region. Based on morphologic measurements, we observed that populations from the same hydrographic basin were more similar to each other (Contas and Preto do Costa Rivers), and remarkably divergent from Reconcavo Sul (Mineiro Stream), as indicated by clustering analysis. Cytogenetic data revealed a same diploid number for all populations (2n = 48), but distinct karyotype formulae (8M+24SM+12ST+4A, FN = 92 in Contas River, 8M+24SM+10ST+6A, FN = 90 in Preto do Costa River, and 8M+18SM+16ST+6A, FN = 90 in Mineiro Stream). Ag-NORs were identified at telomeres on a subtelocentric chromosome pair, although multiple ribosomal sites have been detected in some specimens from Contas River. These results show that A. fasciatus populations from northeastern river basins are well differentiated and present peculiar cytogenetic features when compared to populations from other regions. Therefore, the apparent chromosomal plasticity of this species, likely to represent a complex of cryptic forms, is corroborated. Finally, we demonstrated that morphological features can be successfully used to support other sources of genetic information.
Variations on the Berry-Esseen theorem

We analyze the quality of the gaussian approximation to linear combinations of n independent, identically-distributed random variables with finite fourth moments. It turns out that there exist universal, simple linear combinations that perform better than the sum of the variables. We also investigate the case in which the random variables are independent, yet they are not necessarily identically distributed.
Exploiting Ambiguities in the Analysis of Cumulative Matching Curves for Person Re-identification

In this paper, a method to find, exploit and classify ambiguities in the results of a person re-identification (PRID) algorithm is presented. We start from the assumption that ambiguity is implicit in the classical formulation of the re-identification problem, as a specific individual may resemble one or more subjects by the color of dresses or the shape of the body. Therefore, we propose the introduction of the AMbiguity rAte in REidentification (AMARE) approach, which relates the results of a classical PRID pipeline on a specific dataset with their effectiveness in re-identification terms, exploiting the ambiguity rate (AR). As a consequence, the cumulative matching curves (CMC) used to show the results of a PRID algorithm will be filtered according to the AR. The proposed method gives a different interpretation of the output of PRID algorithms, because the CMC curves are processed, split and studied separately. Real experiments demonstrate that the separation of the results is really helpful in order to better understand the capabilities of a PRID algorithm.
Development of a lightweight CAE middleware for CAE data exchange

Computer-aided engineering (CAE) analysis is considered essential for product development because it decreases the simulation time, reduces the prototyping costs, and enhances the reusability of product parts. The reuse of quality-assured CAE data has been continually increasing in order to shorten the product development cycle and to improve the product quality. However, less attention has been paid to systematic research on the interoperability of CAE data because of the diversity of CAE data and because the structure of CAE data is more complex than that of CAD data. In this paper, we suggest a CAE data exchange method for the effective sharing of geometric and analysis data. The method relies on heterogeneous CAE systems, a virtual reality system, and our developed lightweight CAE middleware for CAE data exchange. We also designed a generic CAE kernel, which is a critical part of the CAE middleware. The kernel offers a way of storing analysis data from various CAE systems, and, with the aid of a script command, enabling the data to be translated for a different system. The reuse of CAE data is enhanced by the fact that the CAE middleware can be linked with a virtual reality system or a product data management system.
JAK2V617F mutation in platelets from essential thrombocythemia patients: correlation with clinical features and analysis of STAT5 phosphorylation status

Objective: JAK2V617F mutation rate in granulocytes from essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients ranges from 12% to 57%. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency of this mutation in the megakaryocyte/platelet lineage, and to analyze its clinical associations in ET. In addition, we determined whether this mutation leads to constitutive phosphorylation of STAT5 in platelets.
A comparison of earnings measures from longitudinal and cross‐sectional surveys: evidence from the UK

Summary. The paper compares earnings data from the British Household Panel Survey with those collected in the Family Resources Survey, using several measures, which account for various key aspects of the two surveys, and contrasting three different points in time (1995–1996, 2003–2004 and 2007–2008). We first perform non‐parametric tests of equality at the centre of the distributions and over the whole earnings distributions. We then apply multivariate regression methods to establish whether the Family Resources Survey and British Household Panel Survey earnings data yield different results in relation to three typical uses of earnings data: the probability of being at the bottom or at the top of the distribution, the estimation of earnings functions both at the mean and at various quartiles and, using earnings as an explanatory variable, the probability of belonging to an occupational pension plan. Our analysis reveals that the two surveys have fairly similar earnings data in the first comparison year, whereas sizable and stable differences emerge in the later two comparisons. These findings are robust to the use of alternative definitions of earnings. They suggest the important role that is played by non‐response and attrition between the first and the second comparison time points, and that played by ‘learning‐by‐doing’ effects in later data collections.
Facilitated transport of melphalan at the rat blood-brain barrier by the large neutral amino acid carrier system.

Melphalan has been reported to be actively transported into tumor cells by two amino acid carrier systems. As amino acids are transported across cerebral capillaries by a facilitated mechanism, studies were undertaken to assess whether or not melphalan was transported similarly, and additionally to determine melphalan's plasma and brain pharmacokinetics. The brain uptake of [14C]melphalan was measured by an in situ brain perfusion technique in the anesthetized rat utilizing [14C]-melphalan. The cerebrovascular permeability-surface area product of [14C]melphalan was calculated at cold melphalan concentrations from O to 16.3 mumol/ml. The permeability-surface area product was concentration dependent and decreased from 10.8 +/- 0.6 (+/- SE) X 10(-4)S-1 at 0.02 mumol/ml melphalan to 5.4 +/- 0.3 X 10(-4)S-1 at 16.3 mumol/ml. The system became saturated at a concentration in excess of 0.1 mumol/ml. The Michaelis-Menten parameters Vmax and Km, determined by nonlinear regression analysis of the permeability-surface area product data, equaled 0.9 +/- 0.3 X 10(-4) mumol/s/g and 0.15 +/- 0.06 mumol/ml, respectively, for the saturable component of melphalan's brain uptake. The Kd of the nonsaturable component was 5.3 +/- 0.03 X 10(-4)S-1. Addition of the amino acid 1-phenylalanine to the brain perfusate inhibited the saturable component of melphalan's brain uptake. The analysis of the plasma and brain concentrations of melphalan by high-performance liquid chromatography, following i.v. melphalan administration, demonstrated that approximately 15% of the drug that was present in plasma entered the brain. These data suggest that the brain uptake of melphalan is facilitated, demonstrating concentration-dependent uptake, saturation, and inhibition, and that melphalan shares the large neutral amino acid carrier system at the blood-brain barrier.
Évolution historique de l'inégalité des chances devant l'école : des méthodes et des résultats revisités

La sociologie de l’education, nouveau theme du programme de l’agregation de sciences economiques et sociales, a toujours tenu une place de choix dans nos programmes. Au-dela des debats theoriques sur les facteurs de la persistance de l’inegalite des chances, la sociologie de l’education s’est profondement renouvelee sur les methodes d’evaluation de cette inegalite. L’utilisation des rapports des chances relatives (odds ratios) est ainsi devenue courante en France, en particulier grâce aux travaux de Louis-Andre Vallet. Dans cet article recent, Louis-Andre Vallet et Marion Selz presentent de facon assez simple cette technique et l’appliquent aux enquetes Emploi de l’Insee pour evaluer l’evolution de l’inegalite des chances devant l’ecole.
3 Exercise and Oxidative Stress

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as reactive nitrogen species (RNS), are products of normal cellular metabolism. ROS and RNS are well recognized for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species, since they can be either harmful or beneficial to living systems (Valko et al., 2006). Beneficial effects of ROS occur at low/moderate concentrations and involve physiological roles in cellular responses to noxia, as for example in defense against infectious agents and in the function of a number of cellular signaling systems. One further beneficial example of ROS at low/moderate concentrations is the induction of a mitogenic response.
THE INFLUENCE OF COCCIDIOSIS ON FEED AND WATER INTAKE OF CHICKENS.

Poultry pathologists and clinicians in the United States have generally assumed that water is better than feed as a drug carrier in coccidiosis control. This idea is based on the assumption that sick birds stop eating before they stop drinking water. A maxim frequently quoted from a veterinary pharmacology textbook (3) reads, "Ill birds will continue to drink water but they will not eat in the late stages of the disease. "
Bystander B cells rapidly acquire antigen receptors from activated B cells by membrane transfer

The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) efficiently facilitates the capture and processing of a specific antigen for presentation on MHC class II molecules to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells (1). Despite this, the majority of B cells are thought to play only a limited role in CD4+ T cell activation because BCRs are clonotypically expressed. Here, we show, however, that activated B cells can, both in vitro and in vivo, rapidly donate their BCR to bystander B cells, a process that is mediated by direct membrane transfer between adjacent B cells and is amplified by the interaction of the BCR with a specific antigen. This results in a dramatic expansion in the number of antigen-binding B cells in vivo, with the transferred BCR endowing recipient B cells with the ability to present a specific antigen to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells.
Periodicity, synchronization and persistence in pre-vaccination measles

We investigate the relationship between periodicity, synchronization and persistence of measles through simulations of geographical spread on the British Isles. We show that the establishment of areas of biennial periodicity depends on the interplay between human mobility and local population size and that locations undergoing biennial cycles tend to be, on average, synchronized in phase. We show however that occurrences of opposition of phase are actually quite common and correspond to stable dynamics. We also show that persistence is strictly related to circulation of the disease in the highly populated area of London and that this ensures survival of the disease even when human mobility drops to extremely low levels.
Pathophysiology of the Effects of Alcohol Abuse on the Endocrine System

Alcohol can permeate virtually every organ and tissue in the body, resulting in tissue injury and organ dysfunction. Considerable evidence indicates that alcohol abuse results in clinical abnormalities of one of the body’s most important systems, the endocrine system. This system ensures proper communication between various organs, also interfacing with the immune and nervous systems, and is essential for maintaining a constant internal environment. The endocrine system includes the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis, the hypothalamic–pituitary–growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, and the hypothalamic–posterior pituitary axis, as well as other sources of hormones, such as the endocrine pancreas and endocrine adipose tissue. Alcohol abuse disrupts all of these systems and causes hormonal disturbances that may result in various disorders, such as stress intolerance, reproductive dysfunction, thyroid problems, immune abnormalities, and psychological and behavioral disorders. Studies in both humans and animal models have helped shed light on alcohol’s effects on various components of the endocrine system and their consequences.
Programming as a Performance: Live-streaming and Its Implications for Computer Science Education

This article discusses an emerging phenomenon of streaming programming to a live audience who in turn can interact with the streamer. In essence, this means broadcasting the programming environment and typically a web camera feed of the streamer to viewers. Streaming programming bears many similarities with live-streaming playing of video games, which has become extremely popular among gamers over the recent years. In fact, streaming programming often use the same web services as streaming gaming, and the audiences overlap. In this article, we describe this novel approach to programming and situate it in the broader context of computer science education. To gain a deeper insight into this phenomena, we analyzed viewer discussions during a particular programming stream broadcasted during a game programming competition. Finally, we discuss the benefits this approach could offer to computer science education.
Role of nitric oxide and phosphodiesterase isoenzyme II for reduction of endothelial hyperpermeability.

Regulation of endothelial permeability is poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that endothelial cells contain phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoenzymes II-IV and that simultaneous adenylate cyclase activation and/or PDE inhibition blocked endothelial hyperpermeability (J.Clin.Invest. 91: 1421-1428, 1993). We now focused on a possible role for guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent mechanisms and studied H2O2-exposed porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cell monolayers. Pretreatment of cells with different nitric oxide (NO) donors or atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) increased endothelial cGMP-content severalfold and blocked H2O2-related effects on permeability; opposite results were obtained with a NO synthase inhibitor. Determination of cGMP degradation in nitroprusside-exposed endothelial cells identified PDE II as the major cGMP metabolizing pathway, whereas PDE III and IV contributed little or nothing. Inhibition of PDE II reduced H2O2-related endothelial hyperpermeability, an effect that could be enhanced synergistically by simultaneous guanylate cyclase activation. In summary, these studies indicate that cGMP-dependent mechanisms (NO donors, ANP, and dibutyryl-cGMP) blocked H2O2-related increases in endothelial permeability. The major cGMP degrading pathway in endothelial cells was PDE II, thereby substituting the missing PDE V in these cells. Simultaneous guanylate cyclase activation and/or PDE II inhibition may be a valuable approach to treat endothelial hyperpermeability.
Dynamical Causes of the 2010/11 Texas–Northern Mexico Drought*

AbstractThe causes of the Texas–northern Mexico drought during 2010–11 are shown, using observations, reanalyses, and model simulations, to arise from a combination of ocean forcing and internal atmospheric variability. The drought began in fall 2010 and winter 2010/11 as a La Nina event developed in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Climate models forced by observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) produced dry conditions in fall 2010 through spring 2011 associated with transient eddy moisture flux divergence related to a northward shift of the Pacific–North American storm track, typical of La Nina events. In contrast the observed drought was not associated with such a clear shift of the transient eddy fields and instead was significantly influenced by internal atmospheric variability including the negative North Atlantic Oscillation of winter 2010/11, which created mean flow moisture divergence and drying over the southern Plains and southeast United States. The models suggest that drought continuation into su.
Immediate and Catastrophic Antibody‐Mediated Rejection in a Lung Transplant Recipient With Anti–Angiotensin II Receptor Type 1 and Anti–Endothelin‐1 Receptor Type A Antibodies

Preexisting donor‐specific anti‐HLA antibodies (DSAs) have been associated with reduced survival of lung allografts. However, antibodies with specificities other than HLA may have a detrimental role on the lung transplant outcome. A young man with cystic fibrosis underwent lung transplantation with organs from a suitable deceased donor. At the time of transplantation, there were no anti‐HLA DSAs. During surgery, the patient developed a severe and intractable pulmonary hypertension associated with right ventriular dysfunction, which required arteriovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. After a brief period of clinical improvement, a rapid deterioration in hemodynamics led to the patient's death on postoperative day 5. Postmortem studies showed that lung specimens taken at the end of surgery were compatible with antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR), while terminal samples evidenced diffuse capillaritis, blood extravasation, edema, and microthrombi, with foci of acute cellular rejection (A3). Immunological investigations demonstrated the presence of preexisting antibodies against the endothelin‐1 receptor type A (ETAR) and the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), two of the most potent vasoconstrictors reported to date, whose levels slightly rose after transplantation. These data suggest that preexisting anti‐ETAR and anti‐AT1R antibodies may have contributed to the onset of AMR and to the catastrophic clinical course of this patient.
Performance Calculation and Design of Stratospheric Propeller

A new high altitude propeller is analyzed and designed in this paper to be used on the stratospheric aircraft propulsion system. Two more appropriate approaches to investigate the aerodynamics characteristics of the high altitude propeller are obtained by comparison of vortex theory with the Spalart–Allmaras (S–A) model and XFOIL program, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and wind tunnel tests, which are vortex theory with the S–A model and CFD method. In addition, the comparison results show the S–A model is more suitable than the XFOIL program to calculate lift and drag coefficients of S1223 airfoil in case of laminar flow separation and low Reynolds number. What is more, the design procedure of the new high altitude propeller is also described. The above approaches are applied to the new high altitude propeller to get the thrust coefficient, power coefficient, and efficiency. It is indicated that the design propeller can meet the cruising requirement of aircraft at the design point.
Algorithmic Skills Transferred from Secondary CSI Studies into Tertiary Education

 Abstract — Testing the first year students of Informatics at the University of Debrecen revealed that students start their tertiary studies in programming with a low level of programming knowledge and algorithmic skills. The possible reasons which lead the students to this very unfortunate result were examined. The results of the test were compared to the students’ results in the school leaving exams and to their self-assessment values. It was found that there is only a slight connection between the students’ results in the test and in the school leaving exams, especially at intermediate level. Beyond this, the school leaving exams do not seem to enable students to evaluate their own abilities.
Performance of optimal and suboptimal detection for uncoded OFDM system with deliberate clipping and filtering

The performance of optimal detection based on maximum-likelihood criterion is analyzed for the uncoded OFDM system with the deliberate clipping and filtering. Since the maximum-likelihood detector is difficult to implement, a low-complexity suboptimal detection method is also developed for the system. The analysis based on the truncated union bound and simulation results show that one can achieve clipping gain if the system is appropriately designed. Furthermore, the performance improvement due to the frequency diversity effect is also achieved with moderate clipping and suboptimal detection over frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels, even without any channel coding.
Caracterización mecánica de la madera estructural de Pinus sylvestris L

En el presente trabajo se recoge el proceso de caracterizacion mecanica para la madera aserrada de pino silvestre de tamano estructural de distintas procedencias y varias dimensiones (en milimetros: 2000x100x40, 2000x100x50, 3000x150x40, 3000x150x50, 3000x150x70 y 4000x200x70). Sobre estas muestras, se analizan diferentes metodos de clasificacion para la evaluacion de la calidad de la madera. Las piezas de tamano estructural son sometidas en un primer paso a una clasificacion visual para la determinacion de la calidad por los criterios de la norma UNE 56.544. Posteriormente, se realiza la clasificacion mecanica automatica que, a traves de la medida de la Propiedad Indicadora, establece las distintas clases de calidad. Tras este proceso se determina la calidad resistente por el metodo de ultrasonidos y por ultimo, se ensayan las piezas hasta la rotura segun la norma EN 408 de determinacion de las propiedades fisico-mecanicas, obteniendo los valores caracteristicos segun las indicaciones de la norma EN 384. Ademas se efectuan los calculos necesarios para obtener los reglajes de ajustes de la maquina de clasificacion para esta especie, asi como los valores de paso entre calidades, segun la norma EN 14081-2. Se comparan los rendimientos obtenidos en los metodos de clasificacion y se analiza la efectividad de las variables y parametros utilizados actualmente en la determinacion de la calidad. Finalmente se hace una comparacion con los resultados alcanzados para otras especies (Pinus nigra, Pinus radiata, Pinus pinaster) en estudios similares y con los datos resultantes de la caracterizacion con probetas de pequenas dimensiones.