Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of E-Learning Environment Program on Pupils’ Instructional Approaches in Physics Measurement Lessons in Kenyan Secondary Schools

This article explores the pupils’ approaches and development of measurement concepts in an innovation that involved an e-learning environment in school physics conducted in a developing country, namely Kenya. A total of 118 randomly pupils enrolled in schools that could be visited conveniently in Nakuru district, Kenya were exposed to an e-learning environment program (ELEP) in physics for a period of six weeks. The ELEP physics module was developed from a physics course dealing with the concept of measurement. It was chosen because the majority of teachers viewed it as a topic that is difficult to teach through the regular method. The content was based on the Kenya Institute of Education (KIE) approved syllabus for science education, science textbooks and other relevant materials. Part of the investigation was to gain insight on the pupils’ approaches and reactions to having to learn measurement concepts through ELEP. In order to achieve this, they were interviewed and other information captured during the physics course to understand what really transpired when they were learning measurement concepts using the ELEP lessonware. The participants’ classroom behaviors were captured using the Physics Practical Lessons Analysis System (PPLAS) and Classroom Practical Work Assessment (CPWA). A selected group of pupils’ were also interviewed to gain insight into their own expressions using the Pupils’ Interview Guide (PIG). The results showed effective approaches and reactions that the pupils exposed to the computer-augmented lessons used to learn physics that differed remarkably from those denied this program. For, the pupils in the experimental condition depended more on their peers and the program while their counterparts in the traditional class were solely dependent on the teacher. The study concludes that the use of ELEP to support conventional physics instruction can have substantial advantages over other instructional methods. Moreover, it proved that the use of ELEP enabled the learners not only to actively participate in the learning process and to engage fully in the instructional process but to under build a deeper understanding of measurement and procedural skills.
Effect of Abutment Total Occlusal Convergence and Cement Type on Retention of Cement Retained Implant-Supported Restorations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of abutment total occlusal convergence (TOC), and cement type on the uniaxial tensile resistance to dislodgment of cement-retained, implant-supported metal copings. Six titanium implantabutmnets were constructed using CAD-CAM technology. Two abutments have TOC 6˚, Two abutments have TOC 8˚, and Two abutments have TOC 12˚. Identical copings were cast to fit each abutment with a loop incorporated that was engaged by the testing unit. The copings were cemented using either a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) (Rely™ X U 200 Automix) or self adhesive resin cement that contained a 10 Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) monomer (Multilink® N). Each of the experimental groups had a unique combination of abutment TOC, and cement.Specimens were aged using a thermocycling unit with water between 5 and 55 degrees Celsius with 15 seconds in each bath and a 5 seconds dwell time, for 540 cycles. A universal testing machine was used to test uniaxial tensile strength. Cement was cleaned using thermal, mechanical, and physical methods, and surface finish was reestablished.This procedure was repeated to obtain different measurements for each group. Surface area for each abutment was calculated and used for the calculation of the tensile strength. One way ANOVA followed by pair-wise Newman-Keuls post-hoc tests were performed to detect significance between subgroups. Pair-wise student t-test was performed to detect interaction between variables of significant effect.P values ≤ 0.05 are considered to be statistically significant in all tests. Regardless of the cement type, totally it was found that Group A recorded the highest retentive force meanvalues followed by Group B while Group C recorded the lowest retentive force mean values. The difference between all groups was statistically significant (p 0.05). Irrespective of convergence groups, totally it was found that Multilink N group recorded statistically significant (p<0.05) higher retentive force mean values than Rely X U200 one.
The Effect of Wood Mulch Type and Depth on Weed and Tree Growth and Certain Soil Parameters

The use of wood byproducts as horticultural mulch has increased in the last decade as the horticulture industries and landscape architects have raised the public's awareness of the aesthetic and maintenance benefits to be gained from mulch use. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effect that two types (chipped pine and shredded hardwood chips) and three depths (7.5 cm, 15 cm, and 25 cm) of mulch and an unmulched control would have upon: 1)' oxygen percent, moisture percent and soil temperatures; 2) growth of two thin barked trees (Pinus strobus and Quercus palustris); 3) establishment of weed populations; and 4) potential change in certain soil parameters (pH, nitrates, and soluble salts). After two years, no differences were found between mulch types, but soil oxygen levels declined (non-significantly), temperatures declined, and moisture levels increased with increasing depth of mulch. Weed density and diversity also declined significantly with increasing mulch depth. For both species, stem growth was greater with the 7.5 cm. depth of mulch than with other mulch depths or the control. Soil pH, nitrates, and salt levels were unaffected.
Ownership structure, inside ownership and firm performance

During the recent financial crisis, firms as well as investors were confronted with an extraordinary market situation. Given this context, this paper analyzes the effects of both ownership diffusion and inside ownership on firm performance. While the relationship between inside ownership and firm performance has been understood quite well by previous research, the study of a crisis period offers a unique opportunity to gain additional insights. Likewise, as research about the influence of ownership structure on firm performance and the underlying reasons have been inconclusive so far, a crisis period also offers a new opportunity to not only test if such relation exists, but also does it allow for conclusions about the underlying reasons. This paper analyzes 49 German, listed firms over the period from 2008 to 2011. In general, weak relations have been found, also after accounting for a time delay of effects. This paper therefore concludes that ownership structure is an endogenous variable that is not related to firm performance while a (weak) relationship between inside ownership and firm performance does exist, but inside ownership by the supervisory board is highly uncommon among German firms.
The Knysna elephants: a population study conducted using faecal DNA

The elephants of the Knysna region continue to survive, despite fears that there was only a single surviving female. Their range is larger than previously believed, and includes the Afromontane forest and mountain fynbos. The five individuals detected in this study were all females, and share a single mitochondrial DNA control region haplotype with individuals from Addo Elephant National Park. At least two of these elephants appear to be first-order relatives, and the others may be part of a single matrilineal group. The genetic diversity detected is lower than that found in most African savanna populations, but is higher than that found at Addo, where individuals represent the descendents of a severe population size bottleneck. Levels of genetic diversity are more similar to those detected at Kruger National Park, suggesting that the Knysna elephants represent a remnant of the once widespread populations of South Africa. Resume Les elephants de la region de Knysna ont survecu, meme si l'on a craint un moment qu'il ne subsiste qu'une seule femelle. Leur dispersion est plus vaste qu'on ne le croyait et comprend la foret afromontagnarde, le fynbos de montagne. Les cinq individus reperes lors de cette etude etaient tous des femelles et partagent un seul haplotype dans la region de controle de l'ADN mitochondrial avec les individus du Parc National d'Addo. Au moins deux de ces elephants semblent avoir des liens familiaux de premier ordre et les autres pourraient faire partie d'un meme groupe matrilineaire. La diversite genetique detectee est plus faible que celle qu'on trouve dans la plupart des populations des savanes africaines, mais elle est plus elevee que celle que l'on observe a Addo, ou les individus representent les descendants d'un seul residu extremement petit d'une population anterieure. Le niveau de diversite genetique est plus semblable a celui releve au Parc National Kruger, ce qui suggere que les elephants de Knysna sont un residu des populations autrefois repandues en Afrique du Sud.
Studies on Synaptic Plasticiy by Genetic Manipulation via Adeno-Associated Virus Expressing bPAC and PI3Kγ

∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 4 Introduction ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 6 Methods ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 11 Results ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 19 Figures ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 27 Discussion ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 63 References ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 68 국문초록 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 75
Model projected changes of extreme wind events in response to global warming

The changes in the frequency of occurrence of extreme wind storm events in response to anthropogenic global warming are explored using a multi‐model ensemble of coupled climate model simulations. These changes, diagnosed using several different metrics based on the daily wind fields, indicate that the frequency of the most extreme wind events decreases over the tropics in association with the model‐projected weakening of the large‐scale atmospheric circulation. At higher latitudes, the strongest near‐surface wind events are found to increase in frequency in association with the amplified baroclinicity and poleward shift of the midlatitude storm tracks. The frequency of the heaviest precipitation events increases in all models, despite a systematic reduction of extreme upward vertical velocities, due to the increased moisture content of the lower troposphere. All of these changes are shown to be robust projections of current climate models.
An underspecification approach to Hausa resumption

Within recent work on the treatment of resumption in HPSG, there is growing consensus that resumptive unbounded dependency constructions (=UDCs) should be modelled on a par with gap-type UDCs (Alotaibi and Borsley, 2013; Borsley, 2010; Crysmann, 2012b; Taghvaipour, 2005), using a single feature for both types of dependencies, rather than separate features, as proposed by Vaillette (2001a,b). Yet, authors disagree as to where exactly in the grammar the resumptive function of pronominals should be established: while Crysmann (2012b, 2015) advances an ambiguity approach that has pronominal synsem objects being ambiguous between a resumptive and an ordinary pronoun use, Borsley (2010); Alotaibi and Borsley (2013), by contrast, treat all pronominals, resumptive or not, as ordinary pronouns and effect their resumptive use by means of tailoring the amalgamation principle to potentially include pronominal indices. While their decision provides a straightforward account of McCloskey’s generalisation that resumptives always look like the ordinary pronouns of the language, it fails to capture the difference in semantics between ordinary pronominal and resumptive uses. In this paper, I shall reexamine the evidence from Hausa and propose to synthesise the approaches put forth by Alotaibi and Borsley (2013) and Crysmann (2012b), and propose that the potential for pronominal and resumptive function (including their difference w.r.t. semantics and non-local features) is captured by means of underspecification, yet the decision as to canonical vs. non-canonical use is made at the level of the governing head (Borsley, 2010; Alotaibi and Borsley, 2013). I shall argue that this division of labour is sufficient to derive the correct gap-like semantics for resumptives, maintains standard deterministic amalgamation, and, finally, provides an answer to McCloskey’s generalisation.
A revised global ozone dry deposition estimate based on a new two-layer parameterisation for air–sea exchange and the multi-year MACC composition reanalysis

Abstract. Dry deposition at the Earth's surface is an important sink of atmospheric ozone. Currently, dry deposition of ozone to the ocean surface in atmospheric chemistry models has the largest uncertainty compared to deposition to other surface types, with implications for global tropospheric ozone budget and associated radiative forcing. Most global models assume that the dominant term of surface resistance in the parameterisation of ozone dry deposition velocity at the oceanic surface is constant. There have been recent mechanistic parameterisations for air–sea exchange that account for the simultaneous waterside processes of ozone solubility, molecular diffusion, turbulent transfer, and first-order chemical reaction of ozone with dissolved iodide and other compounds, but there are questions about their performance and consistency. We present a new two-layer parameterisation scheme for the oceanic surface resistance by making the following realistic assumptions: (a) the thickness of the top water layer is of the order of a reaction–diffusion length scale (a few micrometres) within which ozone loss is dominated by chemical reaction and the influence of waterside turbulent transfer is negligible; (b) in the water layer below, both chemical reaction and waterside turbulent transfer act together and are accounted for; and (c) chemical reactivity is present through the depth of the oceanic mixing layer. The new parameterisation has been evaluated against dry deposition velocities from recent open-ocean measurements. It is found that the inclusion of only the aqueous iodide–ozone reaction satisfactorily describes the measurements. In order to better quantify the global dry deposition loss and its interannual variability, modelled 3-hourly ozone deposition velocities are combined with the 3-hourly MACC (Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate) reanalysis ozone for the years 2003–2012. The resulting ozone dry deposition is found to be 98.4 ± 30.0 Tg O3 yr−1 for the ocean and 722.8 ± 87.3 Tg O3 yr−1 globally. The new estimate of the ocean component is approximately a third of the current model estimates. This reduction corresponds to an approximately 20 % decrease in the total global ozone dry deposition, which (with all other components being unchanged) is equivalent to an increase of approximately 5 % in the modelled tropospheric ozone burden and a similar increase in tropospheric ozone lifetime.
Aseismic Transform Fault Slip at the Mendocino Triple Junction From Characteristically Repeating Earthquakes

The Mendocino Triple Junction (MTJ), at the northern terminus of the San Andreas Fault system, is an actively deforming plate boundary region with poorly constrained estimates of seismic coupling on most offshore fault surfaces. Characteristically repeating earthquakes provide spatial and temporal descriptions of aseismic creep at the MTJ, including on the oceanic transform Mendocino Fault Zone (MFZ) as it subducts beneath North America. Using a dataset of earthquakes from 2008 to 2017, we find that the easternmost segment of the MFZ displays creep during this period at about 65% of the long‐term slip rate. We also find creep at slower rates on the shallower strike‐slip interface between the Pacific plate and the North American accretionary wedge, as well as on a fault that accommodates Gorda subplate internal deformation. After a nearby M5.7 earthquake in 2015, we observe a possible decrease in aseismic slip on the near‐shore MFZ that lasts from 2015 to at least early 2017.
Quantum Gravity Experiments

A new quantum gravity experiment is reported with the data confirming the generalisation of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation to include the interaction of the wave function with dynamical space. Dynamical space turbulence, via this interaction process, raises and lowers the energy of the electron wave function, which is detected by observing consequent variations in the electron quantum barrier tunnelling rate in reverse-biased Zener diodes. This process has previously been reported and enabled the measurement of the speed of the dynamical space flow, which is consistent with numerous other detection experiments. The interaction process is dependent on the angle between the dynamical space flow velocity and the direction of the electron flow in the diode, and this dependence is experimentally demonstrated. This interaction process explains gravity as an emergent quantum process, so unifying quantum phenomena and gravity. Gravitational Waves are easily detected.
Evaluation of a research experiences for undergraduates program in ChE: Indicates benefit from a collaborative model

This study examined how a collaborative research environment in a structured research experience impacts undergraduate student outcomes. Students demonstrated significant gains in research skills and provided positive appraisals of their collaborative experiences. Emphasis on collaboration among students in an undergraduate research program appears to yield a number of benefits, including helping participants to acclimate to the research setting, facilitating problem solving and idea generation during research, and enhancing the overall research experience for students.
Spatio Spectral Features Based Skin Lesions Segmentation Using Euclidean Distance

As Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Incidence rates of melanoma have been increasing, especially among non-Hispanic white males and females, but survival rates are high if detected early. Due to the costs for dermatologists to screen every patient, there is a need for an automated system to assess a patient’s risk of melanoma using images of their skin lesions captured using a standard digital camera. One challenge in implementing such a system is locating the skin lesion in the digital image. Therefore, a novel technique for detecting skin lesion segmentation algorithm is proposed. A set of representative texture distributions and spatial features are learned from an illumination-corrected photograph and feature vector table is calculated for each object. Next, regions in the image are classified as normal skin or lesion based on the occurrence of representative texture distributions. The proposed segmentation framework is tested by comparing lesion segmentation results to results using other stateof-art algorithms. The proposed framework has higher segmentation accuracy compared to all other tested algorithms. It is one of the efficient technique to get infinite probabilities to get very close result in a short time.
Study on the Model of the Community Managing in Tourist Attractions

The tourist attraction is a system comprised of local residents, the developer and the local government. Driven by profits, the three parties wish to realize profit maximization. If each of them emphasizes too much its’ own benefit, it tends to cause the decline of the overall image and quality of the tourist attraction and in turn damages their respective benefits. This paper starts with typical cases and gives a contrast study on different types of community managing models and focuses on the research of the roles that developers, community residents and local governments play in the building of harmonious communities. The main points are as follows:(1) The community management is a new main element of attraction management. The other is the attraction operation management. (2) Different types of attractions adopt different models to manage the communities, which vary from traditional administrative model to modern ones like the separation of communities and attractions model, the integration model, the functional division model owing to the involvement of private sectors in the development of tourist attractions. (3) The focus of tourist community management is to unify the development of attractions and communities, balance the benefits of the developer, the local residents and the local government and ensure a harmonious community. (4) The developer practices reasonable profit-sharing mechanism to let local people benefit from tourism, which is the key to the realization of a harmonious community. (5) Local people’s involvement is an approach to effective community management, which requires that locals get professional training so as to guarantee the elevation of locals’ awareness of tourism. (6) It’s important for the local government to invest on the construction of infrastructure shared by residents and tourists and offer favorable policies.
Existing housing and breeding management practices adoptedby dairy farmers in Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India

A field survey was conducted to collect the information on existing housing and breeding management practices followed by the dairy animal owners in Tarai region of Uttarakhand. The results revealed that 91.25 per cent of farmers adopted group housing system for their animals. Kuccha type of floor and asbestos roof was observed in 79.38 per cent and 26.25 per cent of animal houses respectively. Poor drainage facility was observed in 41.50 per cent of animal sheds. About, 89.38 per cent farmers provided their animals with provision of shade from trees. Around, 87.50 per cent farmers considered body weight as the main criteria to consider first time mating and 83.00 per cent farmers relied on mucus discharge along with bellowing as most important signs of heat detection. 98.12 per cent of farmers preferred artificial insemination over natural service as method of mating in their animals, but only 9.00 per cent farmers relied upon the views given by experienced veterinarians. About, 88.13 per cent of farmers practiced mating through A.I or natural service between 8 to 12 hours after heat detection. Pregnancy diagnosis was preferred by only few of farmers 6.00 per cent however, it was performed by qualified veterinarian in 2.50 per cent cases. All of the farmers adopted the practice of maintenance of breeding records of their animals.