Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chen X, Solomon E, Verousis T. Asymmetric Post-Announcement Drift to Good and Bad News: Evidence from Voluntary Trading Disclosures in the Chinese Stock Market. International Journal of Economics of Business 2016, 23(2), 183-198

This paper investigates the post-announcement drift (PAD) of stock returns in the Chinese stock market. We use a sample of voluntary trading disclosures to test the hypothesis that an asymmetric PAD exists in a market in which managers are more likely to suppress negative news. We show that a pattern of short-term momentum and long-term reversal in returns persists for up to 250 trading days following the announcement of trading statements in the Chinese stock market. This finding is stronger for positive announcements in terms of the magnitude and the variance of stock returns. Our findings are in-line both with Shin’s (Journal of Accounting Research, 2006) theoretical predictions and the credibility hypothesis, in which disclosure and asset returns are jointly determined and the adoption of a “sanitization strategy” in information disclosure generates more volatile returns for firms issuing good news. Further, we show that the latter effect is more pronounced for firms which are partially stateowned, suggesting that they potentially receive more government support, a finding which is in-line with the hypothesis that the incentive to suppress negative information is related to a country’s legal/judicial system. JEL classification: G14; G15; C5
Health care problem and management in Nigeria

The study examined rural health care problem and management in Nigeria with a focus on Delta State. The study adopts literature search and a survey design; questionnaires were administered to fifty two health establishments, 2 to each local government area. 26 general hospitals are located in urban areas and another 26 medical health centres located in the rural communities, but with the shortest distant from the general hospitals selected in each LGA of Delta State. The data were presented in tables and analysed with multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that the health care services in Nigeria are operating at a dismal level, which is predicated on inadequate skilled human resources/personnel, poor funding from local government, corruption, lack of commitment by the local authorities, far distance, climate, self interest, lack of information and health services. These factors correlated (0.89) significantly with health problems at p<0.05. Also most of the hospitals visited lack basic modern health facilities. The implication of this, is that it has led to the abysmal poor quality of health care services in the various hospitals and health centers in the state and consequently in Nigeria. As such the study recommends that the Federal, State and Local Government in Nigeria should live up to their responsibility of meeting the basic health care needs of Nigerian by equipping the health establishments with the requisite personnel/facilities as recommended by WHO and the 2004 Health Review Policy of the Federal Ministry of Health.
The Role of the Bidding Process in Price Determination : Jump Bidding in Sequential English Auctions

I study the sequence of bidding in an open-outcry English auction to examine how the strategic bidding process affects price determination. I do this by studying the anomalous nature of “jump bidding” in data I have collected from a series of public auctions of used cars in New Jersey. Jump bidding occur when a new offer is submitted that is above the old offer plus the minimum bid increment permitted. I find that jump biddings are an empirical regularity in all items sold. The jumps are a function of the presale estimate of the item’s price but are not affected by the selling order. I suggest a way to use the Jump Biddings to determine whether an open-outcry auction is best interpreted with models that assume private-or common-item valuations, and conclude that these auctions are consistent with the common values interpretation. JEL Classification: D44
ON THE KK-THEORY OF STRONGLY

Let D and A be unital and separable C∗-algebras; let D be strongly self-absorbing. It is known that any two unital ∗-homomorphisms from D to A⊗ D are approximately unitarily equivalent. We show that, if D is alsoK1-injective, they are even asymptotically unitarily equivalent. This in particular implies that any unital endomorphism of D is asymptotically inner. Moreover, the space of automorphisms of D is compactly-contractible (in the point-norm topology) in the sense that for any compact Hausdorff space X, the set of homotopy classes [X,Aut(D)] reduces to a point. The respective statement holds for the space of unital endomorphisms of D . As an application, we give a description of the Kasparov group KK(D , A⊗ D) in terms of ∗-homomorphisms and asymptotic unitary equivalence. Along the way, we show that the Kasparov group KK(D , A⊗D) is isomorphic to K0(A⊗ D).
Study to the effectiveness of the UNECE Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP). Protocol and cost of additional measures. Phase II: Estimated emission reduction and cost of options for a possible revision of the POP Protocol

The rationale is that during the review of the POP Protocol there will be a need for an assessment of the potential for further emission reduction and costs of a possible revision of the Protocol. The sources of POPs listed in the Protocol that are to be addressed revision of the POP Protocol have been selected based on the projected remaining emissions upon full implementation 2020, with the exception of emissions from domestic residential consultation with the commissioner of the project it has been evaluate the potential of emission reduction by addressing combustion sources although there emissions may be relevant. motivation for this choice is the foreseen difficulties in legislation, and enforcement of relevant emission control measures
Academic Goals in Relation to Motivational Self-Regulation Value Strategies

The benefits of self-regulated learning have been confirmed. However, research is still pending on motivational self-regulation. We studied the use of attainment value and cost strategies in a study sample of 821 secondary education students. Our results showed that the students made considerable use of both strategies, that these strategies correlated positively with each other, that females made a significantly greater use of the cost strategy, and that greater use of each of the strategies was associated with a distinct multiple-goal student group. The results also enabled us to construct a general explanatory model of these strategies based on academic goals and self-efficacy, and independent of students’ sex or multiple-goal group.
ROLE OF PROLINE ACCUMULATION IN RESPONSE TO TOXIC COPPER IN CHLORELLA SP. (CHLOROPHYCEAE) CELLS

The green alga Chlorella sp. (strain 2350) was found to accumulate proline, up to a maximum of 0.027 fmol·cell−1, under stressful concentrations of cupric ions. The function of the accumulated proline was studied with respect to its effect on copper (Cu) uptake. By induction with salt stress, cells with various levels of intracellular proline were used for this study. It is shown that the amount of Cu taken up by the cells was reduced when the intracellular proline levels were enhanced. When proline was exogenously supplied prior to Cu treatment, the adsorption of Cu was markedly reduced. When exogenous proline was supplied after Cu treatment, it resulted in a remarkable desorption of the adsorbed Cu immediately after the addition of proline. The results of the present study indicate that proline may exert some action on the cell surface and suggest that one function of accumulated proline is to reduce the uptake of metal ions. The accumulation of proline may be related to a tolerance mechanism for dealing with Cu stress.
Title : Nonstarch Polvsaccharide Fractions of Raw , Processed and Cooked Carrots

approved: Michael H. Penner The total and soluble nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) components of raw, processed (canned and frozen) and homecooked (boiled) Royal Chantenay carrots have been analyzed. NSP fractions were characterized by separation and summation of the monosaccharides resulting from acid hydrolysis of the parent polysaccharides. Total NSP was primarily composed of glucose, -37%, and uronic acid, -35%, containing polysaccharides. Soluble NSP was composed of >50% uronic acids. Processing and simulated home-cooking of raw carrots resulted in an increase in the amount of NSP/unit dry weight. Relative to raw carrots, cooking of canned product resulted in the largest (~2-fold) increase in total and soluble NSP/unit dry weight. Relative differences in NSP were not as great when compared on a wet weight basis. Nonstarch Polysaccharide Fractions of Raw, Processed and Cooked Carrots by Sooyoun Kim A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
How chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) perform in a 1 modified emotional Stroop task 2 3

35 The emotional Stroop task is an experimental paradigm developed to study the relationship 36 between emotion and cognition. Human participants required to identify the color of words 37 typically respond more slowly to negative than to neutral words (emotional Stroop effect). Here 38 we investigated whether chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) would show a comparable effect. Using 39 a touch screen, eight chimpanzees were trained to choose between two simultaneously presented 40 stimuli based on color (two identical images with differently colored frames). In Experiment 1, 41 the images within the color frames were shapes that were either of the same color as the 42 surrounding frame, or of the alternative color. Subjects made fewer errors and responded faster 43 when shapes were of the same color as the frame surrounding them than when they were not, 44 evidencing that embedded images affected target selection. Experiment 2, a modified version of 45 the emotional Stroop task, presented subjects with four different categories of novel images: 46 three categories of pictures of humans (veterinarian, caretaker, stranger), and control stimuli 47 showing a white square. Because visits by the veterinarian that include anaesthetization can be 48 stressful for subjects, we expected impaired performance in trials presenting images of the 49 veterinarian. For the first session, we found correct responses to be indeed slower in trials of this 50 category. This effect was more pronounced for subjects whose last anaesthetization experience 51 was more recent, indicating that emotional valence caused the slowdown. We propose our 52 modified emotional Stroop task as a simple method to explore which emotional stimuli affect 53 cognitive performance in nonhuman primates. 54
Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial Actions among Graduates: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness and Opportunity Identification for Facilitating Reduction in Unemployment

Reducing unemployment challenges is possible with graduates becoming entrepreneurs. However, the challenge persists as a result of difficulties in transmitting entrepreneurial efficaciousness from training programmes to successful entrepreneurial actions. A dearth of studies exists with regard to how certain key entrepreneurial skills as habit and ways of the mind as well as opportunity identification influence entrepreneurial ship. This study investigated the possible mediating role of mindfulness and opportunity identification in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial actions among graduates. Using the ex-post facto design, four hundred (400) hundred corps graduates in the National Youth Service Corp deployed to serve in Oyo state were selected for the study. Four standardized and valid scale were used for data collection. Two research hypotheses were tested in the study Data was analyzed, using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Path analysis. The result indicated that there were significant relationships among all four variables investigated. While mindfulness was an effective mediator in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial action, the effect of opportunity identification was unexpectedly not significant. This study therefore suggest the inclusion and promotion of mindfulness and opportunity identification skills in entrepreneurial development programmes and course targeting graduates from tertiary institutions.
Testing for Stationarity in Multivariate Locally Stationary Processes

In this article, we propose a nonparametric procedure for validating the assumption of stationarity in multivariate locally stationary time series models. We develop a bootstrap‐assisted test based on a Kolmogorov–Smirnov‐type statistic, which tracks the deviation of the time‐varying spectral density from its best stationary approximation. In contrast to all other nonparametric approaches, which have been proposed in the literature so far, the test statistic does not depend on any regularization parameters like smoothing bandwidths or a window length, which is usually required in a segmentation of the data. We additionally show how our new procedure can be used to identify the components where non‐stationarities occur and indicate possible extensions of this innovative approach. We conclude with an extensive simulation study, which shows finite‐sample properties of the new method and contains a comparison with existing approaches.
J42 ERA

The concentrations of two natural estrogens (Estrone (E1) and Estradiol (E2)) and one synthetic progestin (Ethinylestradiol (EE2)) were measured for different unit operations in an advanced sewage treatment plant and in a large coastal enhanced primary sewage treatment plant. The average influent concentration to both plants was similar – 55 and 53 ng/L for E1 and 22 and 12 ng/L for E2 for the advanced and enhanced primary STPs, respectively. The activated sludge process at the advanced STP removed up to 85% and 96% of E1 and E2, respectively. The enhanced primary sewage treatment plant was mostly ineffective at removing the steroids with only 14% of E1 and 5% of E2 being removed during the treatment process. EE2 was not been detected during the study period in the influent or effluent of either STP. The difference in the observed removal between the two plants is primarily linked to plant performance but the extent to which removal of steroid estrogens is due to bacterial metabolism (i.e. the advanced STP) rather than adsorption to the bacterial biomass remains unclear. The poor removal observed for the coastal enhanced primary STP may have implications for the receiving environment in terms of a greater potential for abnormal reproductive systems in marine animals, particularly if discharges are into large bays or harbours where flushing is limited.
The Productivity of Public and Private Sector in Poland

In the article a concept of comparing public and private sector effectiveness is presented. It is based on an analysis of the productivity of capital and labour in both sectors. For this purpose, the authors build growth model in the general and intensive form, taking into account public and private sectors and their relationships in terms of gross value of fixed assets, and employment. Empirical analysis is carried out using a panel model for Polish provinces in the years 2002-2009. The analysis show that the size of the public sector in terms of labour and capital is negatively correlated with Gross Domestic Product and gross value added per employee. Research has shown that the productivity in the two sectors is different. The private sector has a higher productivity of both labour and capital in comparison to the public sector. The authors are of the opinion that the analysis in terms of labour and capital in both sectors substantially complements the more common approach aimed at measuring the effectiveness of public sector from the point of view of expenditures. Proposed analysis has the advantage that it expresses two sectors, which use different accounting categories, in the same economic terms – productivity.
PRODUCTIVITY CONVERGENCE ACROSS INDUSTRIES AND COUNTRIES: THE IMPORTANCE OF THEORY-BASED MEASUREMENT

Cross-country studies of economic growth have been hampered by the scarcity of reliable data on productivity at the industry level; see Bernard and Jones [American Economic Review, 91 (4) (2001), 1168–1169] and Rogerson [Journal of Political Economy, 116 (2) (2008), 235–259]. We bring together literature on industry prices, human capital, and capital assets to construct industry-level productivity measures that are well grounded in neoclassical production theory. These theory-based measures differ widely from the crude measures commonly used in the literature. We use these to confirm and strengthen the finding of Bernard and Jones [American Economic Review, 86 (5) (1996), 1216–1238] that for advanced OECD countries, patterns of convergence across sectors have differed since 1970: whereas productivity in market services converged, there is no convergence in manufacturing. More detailed analysis confirms that patterns of convergence are highly industry-specific. There is no dominant convergence trend in sectoral productivity growth across advanced countries.
Kinetic analysis of the thermostability of peroxidase from African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth) seeds

A major problem in the storage and marketing of processed African oil bean seeds is its high deterioration rates due to the undesirable activity of peroxidases. The effect of heat treatment on the activity of peroxidase (POD) from African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla) seeds was studied over a range of 30°C to 80°C. A simple first-order reaction which assumes a biphasic thermoinactivation curves was used to study the denaturation of this enzyme. Results suggested that peroxidase is a stable enzyme with a Z-value as low as 0.0147. This indicates that it is more sensitive to increase in temperature than to the duration of the heat treatment making high temperature short time treatment a technique to be used for its inactivation. The results of the thermodynamic investigations indicated that the oxidation reactions were: (a) not spontaneous (ΔG > 0) for peroxidase at 323 o K, and at all the temperatures (2) slightly endothermic (ΔH > 0) at 323 K and (3) reversible (ΔS < 0) at all the temperatures under study.
Influence of the sowing depth and amount of sugarcane straw on the emergence of Chloris polydactyla and Eleusine indica and their control by herbicides applied pre-emergence

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito da profundidade de semeadura e da quantidade de palha de cana-de-acucar sobre o solo na emergencia de Chloris polydactyla (capim-branco) e Eleusine indica (capim pe-de-galinha), assim como determinar a eficacia de herbicidas aplicados em pre-emergencia no controle dessas especies, sob diferentes quantidades de palha e regimes de precipitacao pluvial. Os experimentos foram realizados no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repeticoes. No primeiro experimento foram avaliadas seis profundidades de semeadura (0,5; 1; 2; 4; 8 e 10 cm) e seis quantidades de palha de cana-de-acucar (0; 1; 2; 4; 8 e 10 t ha-1) na emergencia de capim pe-de-galinha e capim-branco, em esquema fatorial 6 x 6. No segundo experimento foi avaliada a eficacia de cinco tratamentos no controle dessas especies: indaziflam, metribuzin, tebuthiuron, indaziflam + metribuzin e indaziflam + tebuthiuron e uma testemunha sem herbicida, aplicados em pre-emergencia sobre quatro quantidades de palha (0; 1; 2 e 4 t ha-1), em esquema fatorial 6 x 4. Este experimento foi avaliado sob dois regimes pluviais em experimentos separados (simulacao de chuva de 20 mm a 1 ou 10 dias apos a aplicacao dos herbicidas). O capim-branco apresentou reducao acentuada da emergencia a partir de 2 t ha-1 de palha e 2 cm de profundidade de semeadura. Para o capim pe-de-galinha a queda na emergencia ocorreu principalmente a partir de 4 t ha-1 de palha e 4 cm de profundidade de semeadura. Apenas algumas plantas do capim pe-de-galinha emergiram nas maiores profundidades de semeadura (8 e 10 cm) e quantidades de palha (8 e 10 t ha-1). Nao houve emergencia do capim-branco nessas condicoes. Os tratamentos com semeadura a 1 cm de profundidade e com 0, 1, 2 e 4 t ha-1 foram os que proporcionaram a maior porcentagem de emergencia das especies. O herbicida indaziflam aplicado isoladamente foi o unico tratamento ineficaz para o controle das plantas daninhas, independentemente da quantidade de palha e regime hidrico. Concluiu-se que o aumento da profundidade de semeadura e da quantidade de palha reduz significativamente a emergencia das especies, sendo que a presenca de palha e o periodo seco interferem na eficacia dos herbicidas.
Diel patterns of ammonium excretion and grazing rhythms in Calanus helgolandicus in surface stratified waters

Samples of adult female Calanus helgolandicus were collected at midday and midnight from the upper 20 m of the stratified water column in the western English Channel over 3 d in July 1983. There we]-e pronounced diel changes in population density in these samples consistent with vertical migration through the thermocline; such migration was detected at the same station in September 1979 and August 1982. Ammonium excretion rates of the surface populations at midday and midnight were compared in short-term incubation experiments and additional samples taken for estimation of gut pigment, and the activity of the digestive enzymes amylase, trypsin and laminarinase Weight-specific ammonium excretion showed highly significant diel differences, night-time ammonium excretion being 1.7 times that observed at midday. When die1 changes in population density are allowed for, the regenerated ammonium flux from female C. helgolandicus in the surface 2 0 m at midnight is estimated to be 28 times higher than at midday. Gut pigment levels and laminarinase and trypsin activity observed in the n~ght-tlme surface population were consistent with active feeding. Amylase was an exception in showing significantly lower activity at night. Observations at stations characteristic of tidally mixed and frontal conditions showed less pronounced diel changes in metabolism. The implications of these results for competitive interactions between phytoplankton species adapted to pulsed nitrogen supply in nutrient-limited surface waters are considered.
The quality of mental health status in pregnancy and it’s contributing factors on women visiting the health care centers of Shahrekord, (2001-2002)

There are many psychological and physiological changes during pregnancy and postpartum periods that are sometimes they become pathologic. Thus, it is necessary for a medical team to identify those patients and their families who have a predisposition to mental disorders and to guide them through this period. Aimed at assessing the prevalence and predisposing factors of mental disorders during pregnancy, an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 267 pregnant women. The data were collected through interview using the General Health Questionnaire and the questionnaire of the predisposing factors. Mental health was assessed with GHQ through the first second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and predisposing factors were assessed with the questionnaire of the predisposing factors in the third trimester. Results showed that the prevalence of mental disorders in the first trimester was 29.7%, in the second trimester 28.6%, and in the third trimester 39.6%. There was a significant correlation between mental disorders and personal, psychological and socioeconomic predisposing factors (P<0.05). Therefore, taking into account the high prevalence and different predisposing factors of mental disorders, it can be said that mental health care during pregnancy is as important as physical care. Based on the results of this study, susceptible mothers may be defined and identified, and measures may be taken to prevent such disorders.