Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Massage on experimental pain in healthy females: A randomized controlled trial

This randomized controlled study evaluated the effect of massage on affect, relaxation, and experimental pain induced by electrical stimulation. Participants were 96 healthy women (M age = 20.13 ± 5.93 years; 84.4% White) randomly assigned to a 15-minute no-treatment control, guided imagery, massage or massage plus guided imagery condition. Multilevel piecewise modeling revealed no group differences in pain intensity, threshold, or tolerance. The two massage conditions generally reported decreased pain unpleasantness, lower unpleasant affect, maintenance of pleasant affect, and increased relaxation compared to the no-treatment condition. The results suggest that massage may alter immediate affective qualities in the context of pain.
Marketing Department Power and Firm Performance

This study empirically investigates marketing department power in U.S. firms throughout 1993–2008 and assesses its impact on firm performance. Using a new objective measure of marketing department power and a cross-industry sample of 612 public firms in the United States, the results reveal that, in general, marketing department power increased during this time period. Furthermore, the analyses show that a powerful marketing department enhances firms' longer-term future total shareholder returns beyond its positive effect on firms' short-term return on assets (ROA). The findings also reveal that a firm's long-run market-based-asset-building and short-run market-based- asset-leveraging capabilities partially mediate the effect of a firm's marketing department power on its longer-term shareholder value performance and fully mediate the effect on its short-term ROA performance. This research provides new insights for marketing scholars and managers with regard to both marketing's influence within the firm and how investments in building a powerful marketing department affect firm performance.
Cost effectiveness of peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin versus interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C.

BACKGROUND Peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin therapy in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C yields the highest sustained virological response rates of any treatment strategy but is expensive. AIMS To estimate the cost effectiveness of treatment with peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. METHODS Individual patient level data from a randomised clinical trial with peginterferon plus ribavirin were applied to a previously published and validated Markov model to project lifelong clinical outcomes. Quality of life and economic estimates were based on German patient data. We used a societal perspective and applied a 3% annual discount rate. RESULTS Compared with no antiviral therapy, peginterferon plus fixed or weight based dosing of ribavirin increased life expectancy by 4.2 and 4.7 years, respectively. Compared with standard interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin, peginterferon plus fixed or weight based dosing of ribavirin increased life expectancy by 0.5 and by 1.0 years with incremental cost effectiveness ratios of 11,800 euros and 6600 euros per quality adjusted life year (QALY), respectively. Subgroup analyses by genotype, viral load, sex, and histology showed that peginterferon plus weight based ribavirin remained cost effective compared with other well accepted medical treatments. CONCLUSIONS Peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin should reduce the incidence of liver complications, prolong life, improve quality of life, and be cost effective for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
APOLIPOPROTEIN E GENOTYPES IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT SUBTYPES

brain A beta accumulation in transgenic mice. Neuroreport 2002;13:455–459. 9. Igbavboa U, Hamilton J, Kim HY et al. A new role for apolipoprotein E. Modulating transport of polyunsaturated phospholipid molecular species in synaptic plasma membranes. J Neurochem 2002;80:255–261. 10. DeMattos RB, Rudel LL, Williams Biochemical analysis of cell-derived apoE3 particles active in stimulating neurite outgrowth. J Lipid Res 2001;42:976–987.
Predicting speech intelligibility based on a correlation metric in the envelope power spectrum domain.

A speech intelligibility prediction model is proposed that combines the auditory processing front end of the multi-resolution speech-based envelope power spectrum model [mr-sEPSM; Jørgensen, Ewert, and Dau (2013). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134(1), 436-446] with a correlation back end inspired by the short-time objective intelligibility measure [STOI; Taal, Hendriks, Heusdens, and Jensen (2011). IEEE Trans. Audio Speech Lang. PROCESS 19(7), 2125-2136]. This "hybrid" model, named sEPSMcorr, is shown to account for the effects of stationary and fluctuating additive interferers as well as for the effects of non-linear distortions, such as spectral subtraction, phase jitter, and ideal time frequency segregation (ITFS). The model shows a broader predictive range than both the original mr-sEPSM (which fails in the phase-jitter and ITFS conditions) and STOI (which fails to predict the influence of fluctuating interferers), albeit with lower accuracy than the source models in some individual conditions. Similar to other models that employ a short-term correlation-based back end, including STOI, the proposed model fails to account for the effects of room reverberation on speech intelligibility. Overall, the model might be valuable for evaluating the effects of a large range of interferers and distortions on speech intelligibility, including consequences of hearing impairment and hearing-instrument signal processing.
“TAIL-END” BONDI–HOYLE ACCRETION IN YOUNG STAR CLUSTERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DISKS, PLANETS, AND STARS

Young stars orbiting in the gravitational potential well of forming star clusters pass through the cluster's dense molecular gas and can experience Bondi–Hoyle accretion from reservoirs outside their individual protostellar cloud cores. Accretion can occur for several million years after the stars form, but before the cluster disperses. This accretion is predominantly onto the disk and not the star. N-body simulations of stars orbiting in three young model clusters containing 30, 300, and 3000 stars are presented. The simulations include the gravitational potential of the molecular gas which smoothly disperses over time. The clusters have a star-formation efficiency of 33% and a radius of 0.22 pc. We find that the disks surrounding solar-mass stars in the N = 30 cluster accretes ∼0.01 M☉ (1 minimum-mass solar nebula, MMSN) per Myr, with a 1σ width of 50 times due to variations in initial stellar positions and velocities within the cluster. The accretion rate scales as M2.1±0.1 for stars of mass M. The accretion rate is ∼5 times lower for the N = 3000 cluster, due to its higher stellar velocities and higher temperature. The Bondi–Hoyle accretion rates onto the disks are several times lower than accretion rates observed directly onto young stars (e.g., Muzerolle et al. ): these two accretion rates follow the same M2 behavior and may be related. The accreted disk mass is large enough that it may have a substantial and unappreciated effect on disk structure and the formation of planetary systems. We discuss a variety of implications of this process, including its effect on metallicity differences between cluster stars, compositional differences between a star and its disk, the formation of terrestrial and gas-giant planets, and isotopic anomalies observed in our solar system.
The intolerance of uncertainty construct in the context of anxiety disorders: theoretical and practical perspectives

Modern anxiety disorder models implicitly include intolerance of uncertainty (IU) as a critical component for the development and maintenance of these pervasive social and economic concerns. IU represents, at its core, fear of the unknown – a long-recognized, deep-seated fear identified in normative and pathological samples. Indeed, the intrinsic nature of IU can be argued as evolutionarily supported, a notion buttressed by initial biophysiological evidence from uncertainty-related research. Originally thought to be specific to generalized anxiety disorder, recent research has clearly demonstrated that IU is a broad transdiagnostic dispositional risk factor for the development and maintenance of clinically significant anxiety. The available evidence suggests that theorists, researchers and clinicians may benefit from explicitly incorporating IU into models, research designs, case conceptualizations and as a treatment target.
New classification scheme for the prognostic stratification of meningioma on the basis of chromosome 14 abnormalities, patient age, and tumor histopathology.

PURPOSE Meningiomas are usually considered benign tumors. However, relapses occur in 10% to 20% of all patients, including both histopathologically aggressive and benign tumors. This study explored the value of numerical abnormalities for 10 different chromosomes in meningiomas for predicting relapse-free survival (RFS). PATIENTS AND METHODS This study prospectively analyzed the frequency of numerical abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 22, X, and Y in 70 meningioma patients by fluorescence in situ hybridization and their relationship with disease characteristics at diagnosis and patients' outcome. RESULTS Results showed the presence of numerical abnormalities for one or more chromosomes in most patients (77%). Chromosome 22 in the whole series and chromosome Y in males were those more frequently altered, followed by chromosomes 1, 14, and X in females. Patients with abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, the sex chromosomes, and gains of chromosome 22 were associated with adverse prognostic features, more frequent relapses, and shorter RFS. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor grade together with chromosome 14 status and age were the best combination of independent variables for predicting RFS. According to these variables, all patients with a score of two or more than two adverse prognostic factors had experienced relapse at 5 years, whereas none of those with a score of zero had experienced relapse 10 years after surgery. CONCLUSION In addition to age and histologic grade, abnormalities of chromosome 14 contribute to a better prognostic stratification of meningioma patients at diagnosis. Additional prospective studies in larger series of patients, also including larger numbers of patients who experienced relapse, are necessary to confirm the utility of the proposed predictive model.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COMPONENTS OF INCOME STATEMENT, COMPONENTS OF CASH FLOW STATEMENT AND STOCK RETURNS

This paper investigates the association between components of income statement, components of cash flow statement and stock returns. A sample of 65 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the time period of 2003-2005. Regression analysis is conducted to test the research hypotheses. Results show that among components of income statements, the net income (loss), and among components of cash flow statement, cash flows from investing activities have a strong relationship with stock returns. However, the paper results show that there is a stronger association between stock returns and components of income statements relative to components of cash flows statement.
Shaping Strategy as a Structuration Process

Research on top managers’ strategizing behavior has addressed how they shape either the structural context or the interpretations of organization members. I offer a structuration theory framework integrating these two partial explanations and treating strategy shaping as socially dynamic. A qualitative seven-year analysis of top managers in three universities shows a sequential pattern of shaping strategy first in the action and then in the institutional realm, and also a simultaneous pattern of shaping strategy in both realms at once. Both patterns are successful in weakly institutionalized strategy contexts, whereas the simultaneous pattern is more successful in strongly institutionalized strategy contexts.
Sentiment Classification on Steam Reviews

Sentiment Analysis is a machine-learning topic that has been performed frequently and exhausted quickly in many scenarios, given the high demand to understanding sentiment within a body of any general text. However, language is not always laid out in such a straightforward fashion. In real world examples, people do not simply echo or spam highly polarizing positive and negative words to make it easy for machine learning tactics to classify; human-written text is much more nuanced than simply that. In day-to-day life, text has personality written into it: text can have a mixture of conflicting feelings that may make it hard to classify into one definite category, text can have cultural references or memes embedded into them that make it easy for humans but hard for computers to spot the sentiment, and most troublesome of all, text can have sarcasm imbued over it that can sometimes even trick humans into thinking theyre genuine reactions. Since real-world text is more subtle and nuanced than a simple positive and negative binary classification, we wanted to test the bounds of binary sentiment classification with positive and negative labels, using a more hip and modern-lingo based review system as a resource, so we turned to the Steam gaming platform’s review system. Steam is a multi-billion dollar distributed gaming platform that acts as a third-party medium to sell games online and download them. Generally, the user-base for this platform has been young (it ranges from 18 to 30), so naturally, because it is a game-review platform and the base is somewhat young, the culture around Steam is built on sarcasm, memes, and wit. With trickier texts such as Steam game reviews, we hoped to build a binary sentiment classifier to peg reviews as positive and negative, seeing if it would work with the language subtleties explained earlier. The input to the sentiment classifier is a plain-text review attached with the metadata surrounding the review such as percent of people who found the review helpful, funny, and number of hours the reviewer played. Using these inputs, we used the approaches of SVMs, Logistic Regression, Multinomial Naive Bayes, Turney’s unsupervised phrase-labeling algorithm, and a lexicon-based baseline.
Are free government health services the best way to reach to poor

The paper asks whether the pursuit of universal coverage by a wide range of free government services constitutes the most promising approach to meeting the needs of disadvantaged population groups. The response given to that question is probably not. The record to date points clearly to the danger that the benefits of subsidized government health services will flow primarily to the better-off, rather than to the poor for whom the services are intended. While there is no perfect approach to dealing with this issue, the record also points to several approaches that can significantly ameliorate the situation. Two of them, discussed in the paper, are the adoption of targeting measures to increase the proportion of benefits from government expenditures that flow to the poor; and the development of alternative, self-sustaining service financing and delivery mechanisms to serve the better-off. Successful implementation of approaches like these would allow governments to focus their efforts to achieve universal free coverage on a limited number of interventions that are particularly important for poor groups.
Basal Clades and Molecular Systematics of Heteromyid Rodents

Abstract The New World rodent family Heteromyidae shows a marvelous array of ecomorphological types, from bipedal, arid-adapted forms to scansorial, tropical-adapted forms. Although recent studies have resolved most of the phylogenetic relationships among heteromyids at the shallower taxonomic levels, fundamental questions at the deeper taxonomic levels remain unresolved. This study relies on DNA sequence information from 3 relatively slowly evolving mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 12S, and 16S, to examine basal patterns of phylogenesis in the Heteromyidae. Because slowly evolving mitochondrial genes evolve and coalesce more rapidly than most nuclear genes, they may be superior to nuclear genes for resolving short, basal branches. Our molecular data (2,381 base pairs for the 3-gene data set) affirm the monophyly of the family and resolve the major basal clades in the family. Alternative phylogenetic hypotheses of subfamilial relationships are examined statistically and the Perognathinae and Heteromyinae are found to represent sister clades relative to the Dipodomyinae. The 3 traditional subfamilial groupings are supported; the controversial placement of Microdipodops as a sister clade to Dipodomys in the Dipodomyinae is affirmed, Perognathus and Chaetodipus are distinct sister clades within the Perognathinae, and species of Liomys and Heteromys form the resolved clade Heteromyinae. However, Liomys is found to be paraphyletic relative to Heteromys and, given that this finding corroborates earlier studies, we present a formal taxonomy of Heteromys wherein we place Liomys in synonymy. Semiparametric and parametric methods are used to estimate divergence times from our molecular data and a chronogram of the Heteromyidae, calibrated by the oldest known fossils of Dipodomys and Perognathus, is presented. Our time estimates reveal subfamilial differentiation in the early Miocene (22.3–21.8 million years ago) and pose testable times of divergence for the basal heteromyid nodes. With the basal heteromyid clades resolved and cladogenic events positioned in a time framework, we review the major geological and paleoecological events of the Oligocene and Miocene associated with the early historical biogeography of the family.
IFRS Adoption : Issues, Challenges and Lessons for Nigeria and other Adopters

The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in Europe and around the world represents perhaps the most important accounting regulatory change in recent years. The use of IFRSs as a universal financial reporting language is gaining momentum across the globe as more countries are adopting IFRS or converging their local standards with it. Nigeria has set a road map towards the adoption of IFRS from January, 2012. Although there are arguments that IFRS are irrelevant to developing countries but they are adopting it because IFRS is a product with “network effects”. IFRS is perceived as a high quality accounting standard, compared to most local accounting standards, which can help to foster increased comparability of financial statements by investors. Globalization, increased border-listing, attraction of foreign investment and aids, and other institutional factors have been the motivating factors for IFRS adoption. Though IFRS promises a lot of benefits for financial reporting by adopters, there are many challenges and obstacles which must be overcome. Lessons from already adopters of IFRS reveal that for effective IFRS adoption, there must enabling institutional framework, accounting education and training, efficient capacity building programme to prepare the various stakeholders for the imminent transition and challenges. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013. v4n3p389
Treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension via stereotactic placement of biventriculoperitoneal shunts.

OBJECTIVEIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), or pseudotumor cerebri, is a complex and difficult-to-manage condition that can lead to permanent vision loss and refractory headaches if untreated. Traditional treatment options, such as unilateral ventriculoperitoneal (VP) or lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt placement, have high complication and failure rates and often require multiple revisions. The use of bilateral proximal catheters has been hypothesized as a method to improve shunt survival. The use of stereotactic technology has improved the accuracy of catheter placement and may improve treatment of IIH, with fewer complications and greater shunt patency time.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective chart review for all patients with IIH who underwent stereotactic placement of biventriculoperitoneal (BVP) shunt catheters from 2008 to 2016 at their institution. Bilateral proximal catheters were Y-connected to a Strata valve with a single distal catheter. We evaluated clinical, surgical, and ophthalmological variables and outcomes.RESULTSMost patients in this series of 34 patients (mean age 34.4 ± 8.2 years, mean body mass index 38.7 ± 8.3 kg/m2; 91.2% were women) undergoing 41 shunt procedures presented with headache (94.1%) and visual deficits (85.3%). The mean opening pressure was 39.6 ± 9.0 cm H2O. In addition, 50.0% had undergone previous unilateral shunt placement, and 20.6% had undergone prior optic nerve sheath fenestration. After BVP shunt placement, there were no cases of proximal catheter obstruction and only a single case of valve obstruction at 41.9 months, with a mean follow-up of 24.8 ± 20.0 months. Most patients showed improvement in their headache (82.4%), subjective vision (70.6%), and papilledema (61.5% preoperatively vs 20.0% postoperatively, p = 0.02) at follow-up. Additional primary complications included 4 patients with migration of their distal catheters out of the peritoneum (twice in 1 patient), and an infection of the distal catheter after catheter dislodgment. The proximal obstructive shunt complication rate in this series (2.9%) was lower than that with LP (53.5%) or unilateral VP (37.8%) shunts seen in the literature.CONCLUSIONSThis small series suggests that stereotactic placement of BVP shunt catheters appears to improve shunt survival rates and presenting symptoms in patients with IIH. Compared with unilateral VP or LP shunts, the use of BVP shunts may be a more effective and more functionally sustained method for the treatment of IIH.
Tissue tropism, pathology and pathogenesis of enterovirus infection

Enteroviruses are very common and cause infections with a diverse array of clinical features. Enteroviruses are most frequently considered by practising pathologists in cases of aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis and disseminated infections in neonates and infants. Congenital infections have been reported and transplacental transmission is thought to occur. Although skin biopsies during hand, foot and mouth disease are infrequently obtained, characteristic dermatopathological findings can be seen. Enteroviruses have been implicated in lower respiratory tract infections. This review highlights histopathological features of enterovirus infection and discusses diagnostic modalities for formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues and their associated pitfalls. Immunohistochemistry can detect enterovirus antigen within cells of affected tissues; however, assays can be non‐specific and detect other viruses. Molecular methods are increasingly relied upon but, due to the high frequency of asymptomatic enteroviral infections, clinical–pathological correlation is needed to determine significance. Of note, diagnostic assays on central nervous system or cardiac tissues from immunocompetent patients with prolonged disease courses are most often negative. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular studies performed on clinical specimens also provide insight into enteroviral tissue tropism and pathogenesis. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.