Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small-molecule inhibitor of USP 7 / HAUSP ubiquitin protease stabilizes and activates p 53 in cells

Deregulation of the ubiquitin/proteasome system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including cancer. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USP) are cysteine proteases involved in the deubiquitination of protein substrates. Functional connections between USP7 and essential viral proteins and oncogenic pathways, such as the p53/Mdm2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B networks, strongly suggest that the targeting of USP7 with small-molecule inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of cancers and viral diseases. Using high-throughput screening, we have discovered HBX 41,108, a small-molecule compound that inhibits USP7 deubiquitinating activity with an IC50 in the submicromolar range. Kinetics data indicate an uncompetitive reversible inhibition mechanism. HBX 41,108 was shown to affect USP7-mediated p53 deubiquitination in vitro and in cells. As RNA interference-mediated USP7 silencing in cancer cells, HBX 41,108 treatment stabilized p53, activated the transcription of a p53 target gene without inducing genotoxic stress, and inhibited cancer cell growth. Finally, HBX 41,108 induced p53-dependent apoptosis as shown in p53 wild-type and null isogenic cancer cell lines. We thus report the identification of the first lead-like inhibitor against USP7, providing a structural basis for the development of new anticancer drugs. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(8):2286-95]
Accuracy and response time of dual biomarker model of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐1/ alpha fetoprotein (Amnioquick duo+) in comparison to placental alpha‐microglobulin‐1 test in diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes

The aim of this study was to determine accuracy and response time of duo of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐1 (IGFBP‐1)/alpha‐fetoprotein (Amnioquick duo+) versus placental alpha‐microglobulin‐1 (PAMG‐1) in diagnosing premature rupture of membranes (PROM).
The Bronze Age Site of Mitrou in East Lokris: Finds from the 1988-1989 Surface Survey

Abstract:This article presents the results of the study of the surface survey material from the island site of Mitrou. The survey was carried out under the auspices of the Cornell Halai and East Lokris Project (CHELP) in 1988 and 1989, and the finds were studied by the authors between 2000 and 2003. Pottery and small finds indicate that Mitrou was one of the major Bronze Age sites in the region, occupied from Early Helladic II through the Protogeometric period without interruption, and benefiting from trading contacts throughout the Aegean.
Small-Area Si Photovoltaics for Low-Flux Infrared Energy Harvesting

Silicon photovoltaics are prospective candidates to power mm-scale implantable devices. These applications require excellent performance for small-area cells under low-flux illumination condition, which is not commonly achieved for silicon cells due to shunt leakage and recombination losses. Small area (1-10 mm2) silicon photovoltaic cells are studied in this paper, where performance improvements are demonstrated using a surface n-type doped emitter and Si3N4 passivation. A power conversion efficiency of more than 17% is achieved for 660-nW/mm2 illumination at 850 nm. The silicon cells demonstrate improved power conversionefficiencyand reduced degradation under low illumination conditions in comparison with conventional crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells available commercially.
La crise universitaire française : Essai de diagnostic sociologique

Les livres, articles et publications diverses sur la crise universitaire de maijuin 1968 ne manquent pas. Ils se comptent au contraire par dizaines, voire par centaines. Mais il est frappant qu'il n'en est guère, même lorsqu'ils sont écrits par des sociologues, qui s'appuient systématiquement sur les informations relatives au fonctionnement du système universitaire, qu'elles proviennent des recherches de la sociologie elle-même, ou d'études entreprises dans un cadre administratif.
Filling the Gap

The alleged association between the serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and amygdala activation forms a cornerstone of the common view that carrying the short allele of this polymorphism is a potential risk factor for affective disorders. The authors of a recent meta-analysis showed that this association is statistically significant (Hedges’s g = 0.35) but warned that estimates might be distorted because of publication bias. Here, we report a replication study of this relationship in 120 participants. We failed to find an association of 5-HTTLPR variation with amygdala activation during a widely used emotional-face-matching paradigm. Moreover, when we conducted a meta-analysis that included unpublished studies and data from the current study, the pooled meta-analytic effect size was no longer significant (g = 0.20, p = .06). These findings cast doubt on previously reported substantial effects, suggesting that the 5-HTTLPR–amygdala association is either much smaller than previously thought, conditional on other factors, or nonexistent.
Setting the background in discourse

Les relations d’arriere-plan jouent un role important dans le discours et sont tres frequentes dans les corpus tant oraux qu’ecrits. Ces relations existent sous deux formes: l’arriere-plan apparaissant avant ou apres le premier plan (respectivement appelees Backgroundforwardet Backgroundbackward). La relation d’arriere-plan a ete parmi les premieres etudiees dans le cadre de la SDRT de (Asher, Lascarides, 2003) et a beneficie d’etudes complementaires dans (Vieu, Prevot, 2004). Cependant, le gros de ces travaux concerne Backgroundbackwardalors que Backgroundforwardest relativement meconnue. La similarite de sa fonction discursive avec les adverbiaux locatifs anteposes nous a conduit a traiter Backgroundforwardsur la base des solutions proposees pour ces derniers (Vieu et al., 2005). Ces adverbiaux dont le pouvoir locatif depasse les frontieres de la phrase introduisent des structures discursives complexes. En resume, cette structure est composee d’un nouveau topique discursif (topique cadratif) qui est elabore par le constituant de la phrase suivante (ou le constituant complexe du segment). Nous exploitons ici ce mecanisme pour traiter uniformement les differents cas ou les relations d’arriere-plan de type Backgroundforward apparaissent.
Causality electromagnetic induction and gravitation. A different approach to the theory of electromagnetic and gravitional fields.

To form any notion at all of the flux of gravitational energy, we must first localise the energy. In this respect it resembles the legendary hare in the cookery book. Whether the notion will turn out to be a useful one is a matter for subsequent discovery. For this, also, there is a well-known gastronomical analogy. Now, bearing in mind the successful manner in which Maxwell's localisation of electric and magnetic energy in his ether lends itself to theoretical reasoning, the suggestion is very natural that we should attempt to localise gravitational energy in a similar manner, its density to depend upon the square of the intensity of the force, especially because the law of the inverse squares is involved throughout. Certain portions of space are supposed to be occupied by matter, and its amount is supposed to be invariable. Furthermore, it is assumed to have personal identity, so that the position and motion of a definite particle of matter are definite, at any rate relative to an assumed fixed space. Matter is recognised by the property of inertia, whereby it tends to persist in the state of motion it possesses; and any change in the motion is ascribed to the action of force, of which the proper measure is, therefore, the rate of change of quantity of motion, or momentum. Let be the density of matter, and e the intensity of force, or the force per unit matter, then
Peripheral nerve injury grading simplified on MR neurography: As referenced to Seddon and Sunderland classifications

Abstract The Seddon and Sunderland classifications have been used by physicians for peripheral nerve injury grading and treatment. While Seddon classification is simpler to follow and more relevant to electrophysiologists, the Sunderland grading is more often used by surgeons to decide when and how to intervene. With increasing availability of high-resolution and high soft-tissue contrast imaging provided by MR neurography, the surgical treatment can be guided following the above-described grading systems. The article discusses peripheral nerve anatomy, pathophysiology of nerve injury, traditional grading systems for classifying the severity of nerve injury, and the role of MR neurography in this domain, with respective clinical and surgical correlations, as one follows the anatomic paths of various nerve injury grading systems.
Ledgerline, a Novel Xenopus laevis Gene, Regulates Differentiation of Presomitic Mesoderm During Somitogenesis

Abstract Segmentation of the vertebrate body via the sequential formation of somites is an important process in embryogenesis. This sequential process is governed by the activation and regulation of Notch-related molecular oscillators by fibroblast growth factor and retinoic acid (RA) signaling. In this study, we identified ledgerline, a novel gene of Xenopus laevis expressed specifically in the presomitic mesoderm. Knockdown of ledgerline using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides shifted the developing somite front and altered the expression of genes that regulate molecular oscillation, including Delta2, ESR5, Hairy2a, and Thylacine1. Knockdown of ledgerline also down-regulated RALDH-2 expression. Injection of RARα-CA, a constitutively active mutant of the RA receptor RARα, subsequently reduced the altered Thylacine1 expression. These results strongly suggest that ledgerline is essential for mesodermal RA activity and differentiation of the presomitic mesoderm during Xenopus somitogenesis.
Qualitative and quantitative tear film abnormalities in dogs

Tear film disorders in dogs can be classified into quantitative or qualitative abnormalities, or both, and are commonly observed in daily clinical practice. Inadequate production of one or more tear film components can lead to variable degrees of ocular disorders, called keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs has several causes, but in most cases the disease is idiopathic, with T lymphocytes playing a role. In veterinary medicine, the diagnosis is made based on the results of the Schirmer tear test. In this article, we review aspects related to the etiopathogenesis and diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs and discuss new therapeutic modalities for this disease.
Congenital Anomalies Associated with Cleft Lip and Palate—An Analysis of 1623 Consecutive Patients

Objective To document the frequency and nature of associated anomalies in cleft lip and/or palate patients from a craniofacial center in India. Setting Craniofacial Surgery & Research Centre, SDM College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Dharwad, India. Patients/Participants A total of 1623 consecutive patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate treated in a 40-month period. Main Outcome Measure Frequency and nature of associated anomalies, analyzed according to the cleft type and principal organ system and/or area affected. Results The overall male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Unilateral cleft lip with cleft palate (41%) was the most frequent cleft subtype, followed by cleft lip and/or cleft alveolus (33%); isolated submucous cleft palate (1%) was the least frequent. A total of 240 (14.8%) patients had associated anomalies, and these were more frequent in males (M:F = 1.4:1). Per patient, anomalies were most frequent in the submucous cleft group (mean, 0.53) and least common in the cleft lip with or without cleft alveolus (mean, 0.14). Anomalies were most frequent in the facial region (21%), followed by the ocular (17%), central nervous (15%), gastrointestinal (3%), and urogenital (2%) systems. Thirty-four patients (2%) had recognized nonchromosomal syndromes; this was more common in the cleft palate group. Conclusions Associated anomalies are not uncommon in patients with cleft lip and/or palate, though the frequency varies with the cleft type and organ system affected.
Safety of repeated sessions of galvanic vestibular stimulation following stroke: A single-case study

Primary objective: Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) involves the delivery of small electrical current to the part of the scalp that overlies the vestibular nerves. A single, brief session transiently reduces certain types of stroke impairment with no reported side-effects. It is anticipated that further reductions will occur if the duration and frequency of stimulation is increased. The aim of the present study was to assess whether this increased exposure is well-tolerated and consistent with patient well-being. Methods and procedures: GVS was administered to a stroke sufferer on 5 consecutive days, each for 30 minutes at an intensity of 1 milliamp. Tolerability was monitored via a range of behavioural scales sensitive to side-effects experienced during and after stimulation. Results: No unpleasant sensations were reported during stimulation and no deterioration in global function was observed over the 5-day period. Conclusion: The results imply that repeated applications of GVS are tolerable at the parameter settings applied and provide the basis for larger-scale investigations of safety and efficacy.
Weldability and heat affected zone (HAZ) evaluation for high energy rate joining of thermoplastic composites using microwaves

[Summary]: Industrial microwave technology for processing polymers and polymer based composites is currently in a state of considerable flux. This paper extends the applications horizon of microwaves in the area of reinforced thermoplastic composites joining, and places emphasis on the development of equipment and facilities aiming at maximising bond quality. It discusses the microwave facility used, including a 0.8 kW variable control power generator operating at 2.45 GHz, waveguide and a tuning piston designed for obtaining a standing wave at the seam of the butted and lapped test pieces. The effect of power input and cycle time on the heat affected zone is detailed together with the underlying principles of test piece material interactions with electromagnetic field. The process of autogenous joining of 33% by weight of random glass fibre reinforced nylon 66, polystyrene (PS) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) as well as 23.3 % by weight of carbon fibre reinforced PS thermoplastic composites is mentioned together with developments using filler materials, or primers in the heterogenous joining mode. The weldability dependence on the dielectric loss tangent of these materials is also described.
Literary Translation from Korean into English: A Study in Criteria

Very few discussions of the specific problems facing the translator of Korean literature have been published, in part because so few people are active in the area.2 It would be hard to list ten translators who have published a significant number of volumes of translations from Korean.3 Most of those who translate Korean literature do so in whatever spare time they have left after their main occupations, and have little opportunity to reflect on or write about their work, let alone familiarize themselves with the literature and the concepts of translation theory. Certainly none of the discussions of the problems arising in translation from Korean that have so far been published attain the quality of the introductions by David Hawkes, A. C. Graham, or Arthur Cooper to the volumes of Chinese poetry translated by them in the Penguin Classics.4 If little is being translated, even less is being published. This can be explained by the general lack of awareness of (and therefore interest in) Korea and its literature in the world at large. Korea is widely considered not to merit the degree of interest shown in its much larger and more highly esteemed immediate neighbours. Whereas a simple search of the American online bookseller Amazon.com’s database for ‘Chinese literature’ brings up 440 titles, and 296 for ‘Japanese literature’,
Operating reserve implication of alternative implementations of an energy imbalance service on wind integration in the Western Interconnection

During the past few years, there has been significant interest in alternative ways to manage power systems over a larger effective electrical footprint. Large regional transmission organizations in the Eastern Interconnection have effectively consolidated balancing areas, achieving significant economies of scale that result in a reduction in required reserves. Conversely, in the Western Interconnection there are many balancing areas, which will result in challenges if there is significant wind and solar energy development in the region. A recent proposal to the Western Electricity Coordinating Council suggests a regional energy imbalance service (EIS). To evaluate this EIS, a number of analyses are in process or are planned. This paper describes one part of an analysis of the EIS's implication on operating reserves under several alternative scenarios of the market footprint and participation. We improve on the operating reserves method utilized in the Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study and apply this modified approach to data from the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study.
Double-Corrugated Rectangular Waveguide Slow-Wave Structure for Terahertz Vacuum Devices

A novel rectangular-corrugated waveguide is proposed for submillimeter and terahertz vacuum devices. Two parallel corrugations that are enclosed in a rectangular waveguide create a beam channel that supports an interaction with a cylindrical electron beam. A notable advantage of the double-corrugated rectangular waveguide slow-wave structure (SWS) is the extension of well-established cylindrical beam technology to corrugated waveguide SWSs. The structure is also fully realizable with the most recent microfabrication techniques and is easily assembled. A detailed study to describe the electromagnetic behavior of the presented SWS is performed by 3-D electromagnetic simulation. A 650-GHz backward-wave oscillator and a 227-GHz traveling-wave tube are designed and simulated, by 3-D particle-in-cell code, to highlight the great potential of the double-corrugated rectangular waveguide for submillimeter frequency vacuum devices.
Local bisphosphonate reduces migration and formation of radiolucent lines adjacent to cemented acetabular components

Aims Post‐operative migration of cemented acetabular components as measured by radiostereometric analysis (RSA) has a strong predictive power for late, aseptic loosening. Also, radiolucent lines predict late loosening. Migration has been reduced by systemic bisphosphonate treatment in randomised trials of hip and knee arthroplasty. Used as a local treatment, a higher local dose of bisphosphonate can be achieved without systemic exposure. We wished to see if this principle could be applied usefully in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients and Methods In this randomised placebo‐controlled, double‐blinded trial with 60 participants, we compressed gauze soaked in bisphosphonate solution (ibandronate) or saline against the acetabular bone bed immediately before cementing the acetabular component. RSA, classification of radiolucent lines, the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the Western Ontario McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were carried out at three‐, six‐, 12‐, and 24‐month follow‐up. Results Migration of the cemented acetabular component relative to the pelvis was reduced by movement almost half in the ibandronate group, when measured as maximum total point or as movement of the femoral head (p = 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Radiolucent lines after one year were classified as absent, partial or complete, and correlated with treatment (rho 0.37; p = 0.004). Only three of 30 patients in the ibandronate group had complete lines, compared with 13 of 28 in the placebo group (p = 0.002). There were no significant effects on HHS or WOMAC score. Conclusion Considering the power of RSA to predict loosening of cemented acetabular components, and the likelihood that radiolucent lines indicate risk of loosening, these data suggest that local treatment with a bisphosphonate can reduce the risk of late aseptic loosening.
Inefficient Control of Host Gene Expression by the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Virus NS1 Protein

ABSTRACT In 2009, a novel swine-origin H1N1 influenza A virus emerged. Here, we characterize the multifunctional NS1 protein of this human pandemic virus in order to understand factors that may contribute to replication efficiency or pathogenicity. Although the 2009 H1N1 virus NS1 protein (2009/NS1) is an effective interferon antagonist, we found that this NS1 (unlike those of previous human-adapted influenza A viruses) is unable to block general host gene expression in human or swine cells. This property could be restored in 2009/NS1 by replacing R108, E125, and G189 with residues corresponding to human virus consensus. Mechanistically, these previously undescribed mutations acted by increasing binding of 2009/NS1 to the cellular pre-mRNA processing protein CPSF30. A recombinant 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus (A/California/04/09) expressing NS1 with these gain-of-function substitutions was more efficient than the wild type at antagonizing host innate immune responses in primary human epithelial cells. However, such mutations had no significant effect on virus replication in either human or swine tissue culture substrates. Surprisingly, in a mouse model of pathogenicity, the mutant virus appeared to cause less morbidity, and was cleared faster, than the wild type. The mutant virus also demonstrated reduced titers in the upper respiratory tracts of ferrets; however, contact and aerosol transmissibility of the virus was unaffected. Our data highlight a potential human adaptation of NS1 that seems absent in “classically derived” swine-origin influenza A viruses, including the 2009 H1N1 virus. We discuss the impact that a natural future gain of this NS1 function may have on the new pandemic virus in humans.
CARDINAL, a Novel Caspase Recruitment Domain Protein, Is an Inhibitor of Multiple NF-κB Activation Pathways*

Proteins possessing the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) motif have been implicated in pathways leading to activation of caspases or NF-κB in the context of apoptosis or inflammation, respectively. Here we report the identification of a novel protein, CARDINAL, that contains a CARD motif and also exhibits a high degree of homology to the C terminus of DEFCAP/NAC, a recently described member of the Apaf-1/Nod-1 family. In contrast with the majority of CARD proteins described to date, CARDINAL failed to promote apoptosis or NF-κB activation. Rather, CARDINAL potently suppressed NF-κB activation associated with overexpression of TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2, RIP, RICK, Bcl10, and TRADD, or through ligand-induced stimulation of the interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor receptors. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that CARDINAL interacts with the regulatory subunit of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex, IKKγ (NEMO), providing a molecular basis for CARDINAL function. Thus, CARDINAL is a novel regulator of NF-κB activation in the context of pro-inflammatory signals.