Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep: a marker of physical and mental health in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and recognition of common sleep-related problems and their relationship to health-related quality-of-life measures in the elderly. METHOD A total of 1,503 participants with a mean age of 75.5 (+/- 6.8, range: 62-100) years from 11 primary care sites serving primarily elderly patients were interviewed. Subjects completed a five-item sleep questionnaire and the SF-12. A Physical Component Summary (PCS-12) and Mental Component Summary (MCS-12) score was calculated. A systematic medical chart review was conducted to determine whether sleep problems were identified by the healthcare providers. RESULTS A total of 68.9% of patients reported at least one sleep complaint and 40% had two or more. Participants most commonly endorsed (45%) that they had "difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or being able to sleep. " The number and type of sleep problems endorsed was associated with both physical and mental health quality-of-life status. Excessive daytime sleepiness was the best predictor of poor mental and physical health-related quality of life. Even when all five sleep questions were endorsed, a sleep complaint was only reported in the chart 19.2% of the time. CONCLUSIONS When elicited, sleep complaints predicted the general physical and mental health-related quality-of-life status in elderly populations with comorbid medical and mental illnesses. Yet, questions regarding sleep are not an integral component of most clinical evaluations. Given the growing evidence of a relationship between sleep and health, identification of sleep disorders could lead to improved management of common age-related chronic illnesses and quality of life of elderly patients.
Computers and Output Growth Revisited: How Big Is the Puzzle?

DURING THE PAST 15 years, U.S. companies have poured billions of dollars into information technology. Yet, through the 1980s, many observers argued that these companies were not getting their money's worth. As hard as analysts scoured the numbers, they could not show that computing equipment contributed much to productivity growth, leading to Robert Solow's famous quip that "you can see the computer age everywhere but in the productivity statistics. " I More recently, the tables have turned. Much academic and popular opinion has moved toward the position that, at long last, businesses have learned how to use their computing equipment effectively. For example, Erik Brynjolfsson and Lorin Hitt provide firm-level evidence that computing equipment earned hefty returns in the late 1980s.2 Andbased in part on this evidence-Business Week proclaimed that "the productivity surge of the last two years . may reflect the efforts of U.S.
Increasing treatment adherence among outpatients with depression and cocaine dependence: results of a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE This pilot study examined the effect of a modified motivational therapy intervention on outpatient treatment adherence and completion for patients with comorbid depressive disorder and cocaine dependence. METHOD Depressed cocaine patients, stabilized with antidepressant medications on an inpatient psychiatric unit, were consecutively assigned on discharge to motivational therapy (N = 11) or treatment-as-usual (N = 12) during the first month of outpatient care. Patients were compared on treatment adherence and completion and on 1-year rehospitalization rates. RESULTS Motivational therapy patients attended significantly more treatment sessions during month 1, completed 30 and 90 days of outpatient care at higher rates, and experienced fewer psychiatric rehospitalizations and days in the hospital during the first year from entry into outpatient treatment. CONCLUSIONS An outpatient program combining individual and group motivational therapy sessions holds promise for improving treatment adherence and completion among depressed patients with cocaine dependence.
Antifungal, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Calotropis procera.

Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant. Traditionally, the plant has been used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent. The dried leaves used as an expectorant, and as anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of paralysis and rheumatic pains. In the present study, the milky part of Calotropis procera was studied in local area (Township, Surrani and Bakka khel) of district Bannu KPK, Pakistan in order to investigate its anti-oxidant, antifungal, antibacterial properties. We reported that the milk of Calotropis procera contain high amount of Barium (1579 ppm) and Potassium (109 ppm) in the plant located in township. The Calotropis procera latex posses antibacterial activity and inhibited the growth of salmonella (0 %), Shigella (17.5%), E. coli (18.1%). Furthermore it also inhibited the growth of Aspergillus Niger (75%), Aspergillus fumigates (12.5%), and Aspergillus flavus (37.5%). It also showed small amount of anti-oxidant activity in dose dependent manner.
Family income, parental education and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology among 2-3-year-old Chinese children: the mediator effect of parent-child conflict.

Using a sample of 156 Chinese children aged 2-3 years and their parents, this study examined the effects of socio-economic status, specifically family income and parental education, on the children's internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and whether these effects were mediated by mother-child and father-child conflict. Results indicated that family income, maternal education and paternal education all negatively predicted externalizing symptoms. Income also negatively predicted internalizing symptoms among boys but not girls. Maternal education negatively predicted internalizing symptoms among girls but not boys. The effects of income on psychopathology were fully mediated by mother-child and father-child conflict. In contrast, the effects of education were not mediated or only partially mediated by conflict. Findings are discussed in the framework of the family stress model.
The Progress of Theory in Knowledge Organization

We understand theory to be a system of testable explanatory statements derived from research. In knowledge organization, the generation of theory has moved from an epistemic stance of pragmatism (based on observation of the construction of retrieval tools), to empiricism (based on the results of empirical research). In the nineteenth century, Panizzi (1841), Cutter (1876), and Dewey (1876), developed very pragmatic tools (i.e., catalogs and classifications), explaining as they did so the principles by which their tools were constructed. By 1950, key papers at a University of Chicago Graduate Library School conference on Bibliographic Organization recorded the role of bibliographic organization in civilization (Clapp, 1950) and deemed classification the basis of bibliographic organization (Shera, 1950). In 1961, the International Conference on Cataloguing Principles in Paris brought together key thinkers on the design of catalogs. Wilson (1968) expounded a system for bibliographic apparatus, and provided the framework for empirical theoretical development. In 2000, Svenonius asserted that knowledge organization is accomplished through a bibliographic language (or, more properly through a complex set of bibliographic languages), with semantics, syntax, pragmatics, and rules to govern their implementation. Logical positivism notwithstanding, rationalist and historicist stances have begun to come to the fore of late through the promulgation of qualitative methods, most notably those employed in classification, user-interface design, and bibliometric research.
Comparative mortality and morbidity of infants transferred in utero or postnatally

The outcome of two hundred and twelve infants transferred in utero and delivered in the regional neonatal intensive care center is compared with one hundred and sixty-six infants born elsewhere and transferred neonatally to the same unit, during the same period of time. The mean birthweight (+/- 1 S.D.) was 1391 g (+/- 415 g) for the infants transferred in utero, and 1398 g (+/- 415 g) for the infants transferred neonatally. The mean gestational age of the two groups was 29.9 completed weeks for both groups. Survival was defined as discharge from the neonatal unit and intraventricular hemorrhage was diagnosed ultrasonically. The survival rate was 83% for the group transferred in utero and 70% for the group transferred postnatally (p = less than 0.01). The incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage was 30% and 45% respectively (p = less than 0.01). Using birthweight specific perinatal mortality rates and intraventricular hemorrhage rates of the neonatally transferred group for standardisation, it can be calculated that 27 infants survived and 31 were protected from intraventricular hemorrhage because of in utero transfer. It is concluded that infants likely to require neonatal intensive care have decreased mortality and morbidity if transferred in utero to a center with these facilities rather than being transferred neonatally.
Design and analysis of an impedance tapered conical to coaxial transmission line transition

A simple method for designing and determining the impedance taper of a smooth conical to coaxial transmission line transition is presented. This type of transition is often used in conical line combiners and traditionally has a constant impedance. The presented method allows the conical and coaxial lines to be designed with different impedances and the transition to act as an impedance taper. A conical combiner is designed where the conical impedance taper and coaxial matching sections present in previous designs are replaced by the tapered transition. The design is validated by comparing the circuit model to full wave simulation results.
Pediatric Ventilator-Associated Infections: The Ventilator-Associated INfection Study

Objective: Suspected ventilator-associated infection is the most common reason for antibiotics in the PICU. We sought to characterize the clinical variables associated with continuing antibiotics after initial evaluation for suspected ventilator-associated infection and to determine whether clinical variables or antibiotic treatment influenced outcomes. Design: Prospective, observational cohort study conducted in 47 PICUs in the United States, Canada, and Australia. Two hundred twenty-nine pediatric patients ventilated more than 48 hours undergoing respiratory secretion cultures were enrolled as “suspected ventilator-associated infection” in a prospective cohort study, those receiving antibiotics of less than or equal to 3 days were categorized as “evaluation only,” and greater than 3 days as “treated. ” Demographics, diagnoses, comorbidities, culture results, and clinical data were compared between evaluation only and treated subjects and between subjects with positive versus negative cultures. Setting: PICUs in 47 hospitals in the United States, Canada, and Australia. Subjects: All patients undergoing respiratory secretion cultures during the 6 study periods. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Treated subjects differed from evaluation-only subjects only in frequency of positive cultures (79% vs 36%; p < 0.0001). Subjects with positive cultures were more likely to have chronic lung disease, tracheostomy, and shorter PICU stay, but there were no differences in ventilator days or mortality. Outcomes were similar in subjects with positive or negative cultures irrespective of antibiotic treatment. Immunocompromise and higher Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction scores were the only variables associated with mortality in the overall population, but treated subjects with endotracheal tubes had significantly lower mortality. Conclusions: Positive respiratory cultures were the primary determinant of continued antibiotic treatment in children with suspected ventilator-associated infection. Positive cultures were not associated with worse outcomes irrespective of antibiotic treatment although the lower mortality in treated subjects with endotracheal tubes is notable. The necessity of continuing antibiotics for a positive respiratory culture in suspected ventilator-associated infection requires further study.
CADM1 Expression and Stepwise Downregulation of CD7 Are Closely Associated with Clonal Expansion of HTLV-I–Infected Cells in Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Purpose: Cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), initially identified as a tumor suppressor gene, has recently been reported to be ectopically expressed in primary adult T-cell leukemia–lymphoma (ATL) cells. We incorporated CADM1 into flow-cytometric analysis to reveal oncogenic mechanisms in human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection by purifying cells from the intermediate stages of ATL development. Experimental Design: We isolated CADM1- and CD7-expressing peripheral blood mononuclear cells of asymptomatic carriers and ATLs using multicolor flow cytometry. Fluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) subpopulations were subjected to clonal expansion and gene expression analysis. Results: HTLV-I–infected cells were efficiently enriched in CADM1+ subpopulations (D, CADM1posCD7dim and N, CADM1posCD7neg). Clonally expanding cells were detected exclusively in these subpopulations in asymptomatic carriers with high proviral load, suggesting that the appearance of D and N could be a surrogate marker of progression from asymptomatic carrier to early ATL. Further disease progression was accompanied by an increase in N with a reciprocal decrease in D, indicating clonal evolution from D to N. The gene expression profiles of D and N in asymptomatic carriers showed similarities to those of indolent ATLs, suggesting that these subpopulations represent premalignant cells. This is further supported by the molecular hallmarks of ATL, that is, drastic downregulation of miR-31 and upregulation of abnormal Helios transcripts. Conclusion: The CADM1 versus CD7 plot accurately reflects disease progression in HTLV-I infection, and CADM1+ cells with downregulated CD7 in asymptomatic carriers have common properties with those in indolent ATLs. Clin Cancer Res; 20(11); 2851–61. ©2014 AACR.
Progress Made in Solving the Multicommodity Flow Problem

During the past few years, steady progress has been made in solving the multicommodity flow problem using EMNET, a primal partitioning network simplex algorithm. This paper describes a recent improvement made to EMNET which permits it to dramatically reduce the solution time for multicommodity flow problems with large numbers of side constraints. It is now possible to efficiently solve extremely large multicommodity flow problems when this new idea is coupled with the resource-directive decomposition heuristic as found in EMNET. Commercial problems with the number of constraints ranging up to 600,000 are routinely solved by EMNET.
Primary cutaneous plasmablastic lymphoma in an immunocompetent patient: is it associated with an indolent course?

Brady E. Beltran, Pilar Qui~ nones, Gadwyn Sanchez, Antonio Paredes, Celia Moises, Esther Cotrina, Carlos A. Torres-Cabala, Roberto N. Miranda and Jorge J. Castillo Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Department of Pathology, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Department of Dermatology, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Department of Nursing, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
The rate and regularity of breathing movements in the normal and growth‐retarded fetus

Summary. The rate and regularity of fetal breathing movements (FBM) were determined in 14 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies, eight of whom were between 30 and 33 weeks gestation and six between 37 and 40 weeks gestation. Similar observations were made in 19 women with pregnancies complicated by severe intrauterine growth retardation, 11 of whom were between 30 and 33 weeks and eight between 37 and 40 weeks. In normal pregnancy recordings of breath‐to‐breath intervals showed that FBM became more regular with advancing gestational age, and the rate [breaths/min, mean (SEM)] slowed from 57.2 (1.3) at 30–33 weeks to 47.9 (0.8) at 37–40 weeks. FBM in the growth‐retarded group were regular at each gestation studied and the rate was even slower than in the normal group at term, being 41.9 (1.2) at 30–33 weeks and 41.1 (1.0) at 37–40 weeks. Hyperoxia and hypercapnia aeared to have no consistent effect on fetal breathing rate. Fasting for >12 h considerably reduced the rate of FBM in the normal fetus but only marginally so in those with growth retardation. It is concluded that the pattern of FBM provides more information about the fetus than the amount of time spent breathing, particularly when growth is retarded.
New technique for assessing acrosomal characteristics of spermatozoa.

Abstract A series of exploratory studies calculated to test the efficacy and potential application of a new, differential acrosome stain is presented. The stain, a combination of eosin B and fast green FCF, was effective in revealing acrosomal characteristics of spermatozoa in both fresh and frozen semen samples. The presence or absence of the acrosome could be determined as well as its condition, i.e., smooth ans entire, swollen or disintegrating, and degree of attachment to the sperm cell. The staining process is simple and acrosomal evaluation is done with the oil immersion objective of a light microscope. There was a highly significant correlation (P Species studies indicate that the stain effectively elucidates the acrosome of bull, ram, boar, stallion, and rabbit spermatozoa. These facts strongly indicate that the Wells-Awa stain may be a valuable addition to routinely used semen evaluation measures.
Serum Ferritin in Chronic Kidney Disease: Reconsidering the Upper Limit for Iron Treatment

Intravenous iron treatment in hemodialysis patients improves the response to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and facilitates achievement of targets for hemoglobin and hematocrit. Excessive treatment, however, could expose patients to risks related to iron overload and oxidative stress. Therefore international treatment guidelines generally recommend that intravenous iron be discontinued when serum ferritin is greater than 500–1000 ng/ml. In this article we explore the relevant issues that inform the decisions as to what levels of serum ferritin are used as the upper limit for treatment. We conclude that the current published literature is inadequate for developing evidence‐based guidelines. Clinical judgment is critical to properly weigh the risks and benefits of intravenous iron treatment in the context of the individual patient.
Adiponectin Reduces Hepatic Stellate Cell Migration by Promoting Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) Secretion*

Background: Adiponectin has been shown to limit liver fibrosis, but the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Results: In vitro and in vivo adiponectin increases TIMP-1 secretion, which binds to the CD63/β1-integrin complex to decrease FAK activity and stellate cell migration. Conclusion: Adiponectin-promoted TIMP-1 plays an important role in limiting liver fibrosis. Significance: Targeting adiponectin signaling could be a useful way to limit liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are central players in liver fibrosis that when activated, proliferate, migrate to sites of liver injury, and secrete extracellular matrix. Obesity, a known risk factor for liver fibrosis is associated with reduced levels of adiponectin, a protein that inhibits liver fibrosis in vivo and limits HSC proliferation and migration in vitro. Adiponectin-mediated activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) inhibits HSC proliferation, but the mechanism by which it limits HSC migration to sites of injury is unknown. Here we sought to elucidate how adiponectin regulates HSC motility. Primary rat HSCs were isolated and treated with adiponectin in migration assays. The in vivo actions of adiponectin were examined by treating mice with carbon tetrachloride for 12 weeks and then injecting them with adiponectin. Cell and tissue samples were collected and analyzed for gene expression, signaling, and histology. Serum from patients with liver fibrosis was examined for adiponectin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) protein. Adiponectin administration into mice increased TIMP-1 gene and protein expression. In cultured HSCs, adiponectin promoted TIMP-1 expression and through binding of TIMP-1 to the CD63/β1-integrin complex reduced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase to limit HSC migration. In mice with liver fibrosis, adiponectin had similar effects and limited focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation. Finally, in patients with advanced fibrosis, there was a positive correlation between serum adiponectin and TIMP-1 levels. In sum, these data show that adiponectin stimulates TIMP-1 secretion by HSCs to retard their migration and contributes to the anti-fibrotic effects of adiponectin.
Cutaneous ciliated cyst of the right lower leg

A 23‐year‐old Japanese woman with a cutaneous ciliated cyst on her right lower leg is reported. A subcutaneous cyst, measuring 2.5 cm in diameter with papillary projections into the lumen, was lined with ciliated cuboidal to columnar epithelia with partial stratification, histologically. These lining cells did not produce mucin. Immunohistochemically, the ciliated lining cells of the cyst were diffusely positive to epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin. In addition, positive immunoreaction with anti‐desmin monoclonal antibody was observed in the body of the cilia. Less than 10% of the epithelial cells revealed positive immunoreaction to S‐100 protein and estrogen receptor.
Identification and Characterization of an Essential Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor in Fission Yeast*

Whereas mammalian cells harbor two double strand telomeric repeat binding factors, TRF1 and TRF2, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has been thought to harbor solely the TRF1/TRF2 ortholog Taz1p to perform comparable functions. Here we report the identification of telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (Tbf1), a second TRF1/TRF2 ortholog in S. pombe. Like the Taz1p, the identified Tbf1p shares amino acid sequence similarity, as well as structural and functional characteristics, with the mammalian TRF1 and TRF2 proteins. This family of proteins shares a common architecture with two separate structural domains. An N-terminal domain is necessary and sufficient for the formation of homodimers, and a C-terminal MYB/homeodomain mediates sequence specific recognition of double-stranded telomeric DNA. The identified Tbf1p binds S. pombe telomeric DNA with high sequence specificity in vitro. Targeted deletion of the tbf1 gene reveals that it is essential for survival, and overexpression of the tbf1 gene leads to telomere elongation in vivo, which is dependent upon the MYB domain. These data suggest that fission yeast, like mammals, have two factors that bind double-stranded telomeric DNA and perform distinct roles in telomere length regulation.