Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEAN MANUFACTURING DIMENSIONS AND RADICAL PRODUCT INNOVATION IN THE JORDANIAN PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationships between lean manufacturing dimensions and radical product innovation in the Jordanian Pharmaceutical Sector. These dimensions entailcontinuous improvement, waste minimization, lean job characteristics and employees' involvement. In order to achieve this objective, this study used a survey-based questionnaire as a data collection method. 164 questionnaires were gathered from 10 Jordanian Pharmaceutical manufacturers, and multiple regressionswere used to evaluate the relationships between the dependent and the independent variables.The findings revealed that continuous improvement and waste minimization dimensions have no statistically significant effect on radical product innovation, while the other two dimensions; lean job characteristics and employees' involvement have statistically significant relationships with radical product innovation. Moreover, the analysis results showed that employees' involvement has the greatest effect on radical product innovation.These results highlighted the importance of the human side in radical innovation and clarify different direction of the relationships between lean manufacturing dimensions and radical product innovation. Based on theseresults, many recommendations were suggested, one of them is to increase employees' involvement in decision making process that is related to the production process, to enhance their ability to innovate.
Characterization of digestive α-amylase in the midgut of willow leaf beetle Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Willow leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora is an important pest of willow trees that feeds on the leaves both as larvae and as adults. -Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) are the major insect digestive enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of long - 1,4-glucan chains such as starch and glycogen. In the current study, -amylase activity was studied in the midgut of larvae and adults of P. versicolora. Amylase activity in the midgut of larvae and adults was 0.6807 and 0.1162 µmol/min/mg protein, respectively. The optimal pH for -amylase activity of larvae and adults was 4 and 8, respectively and the optimal temperature for both was 35 °C. The enzyme activity of larvae was inhibited by the addition of Na 2+ , K + and Zn 2+ . K + (at 5 mmol) had the most positive effect on α-amylase activity in adults. EGTA had significant influence on decreasing the enzyme activity in larvae. EDTA had the most effect on increasing the activity of the enzyme in adults. Plant amylase inhibitors play important role against insect pests. Therefore, the characterization of digestive enzymes and the examination of inhibitors on the enzyme activity could be useful in tackling insect pests.
Adoption of biodegradable mulching films in agricultural: is there a negative prejudice towards materials derived from organic wastes?

During the last years ongoing research has moved towards the valorisation of organic waste by the identification of possible products with a good market perspective. In this paper we consider the possibility of using the organic fraction of municipal waste to produce biodegradable mulching films for agricultural purposes. The aim of this research was to estimate the potential demand of horticultural farms located in the province of Foggia (Italy) for biodegradable films derived from organic waste. We carried out a survey of 107 producers in the area. Findings showed that the adoption of the innovative films does not depend on the nature of the raw material used and that the willingness to pay for such films is higher with respect to the price of similar products already available in the market. In addition, farmers’ preferences towards mulching films’ attributes (strength, durability, mechanical harvesting, transparency, etc .) are identified.
Nontrivial interplay of strong disorder and interactions in quantum spin-Hall insulators doped with dilute magnetic impurities

We investigate nonperturbatively the effect of a magnetic dopant impurity on the edge transport of a quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator. We show that for a strongly coupled magnetic dopant located near the edge of a system, a pair of transmission anti-resonances appear. When the chemical potential is on resonance, interaction effects broaden the anti-resonance width with decreasing temperature, thus suppressing transport for both repulsive and moderately attractive interactions. Consequences for the recently observed QSH insulating phase of the $1$-T$^{\prime}$ of WTe$_2$ are briefly discussed.
Galactic archaeology of a thick disc: Excavating ESO 533-4 with VIMOS

The formation mechanisms of thick discs are under discussion. Thick discs might have formed either at high redshift on a short time-scale or might have been built slowly over time. They may have an internal or an external origin. Here we study in detail the kinematics and the stellar populations of the thick disc of ESO533-4. ESO533-4 is a nearby bulgeless galaxy. We present the first ever IFU study of an edge-on galaxy with enough depth to study the thick disc. We exposed ESO533-4 with VIMOS@VLT for 6.5hours. The FOV covered an axial extent 0.1-0. 7r_25 (1-7kpc). We used pPXF and the MILES library to obtain velocity and stellar population maps. We compared our kinematic data with simple GADGET-2 models. The apparent rotational lag of the thick disc of ESO533-4 is compatible with that expected from the combinations of two effects: differential asymmetric drift and the projection effects arising from studying a disc a few degrees (2-3) away from edge-on. Thus, ESO533-4 contains little or no retrograde material. This is compatible with three formation scenarii: the secular heating of an initially thin disc, the formation of the thick disc at high redshift in a turbulent disc phase, and its creation in a major merger event. If happening in all galaxies, this last mechanism would cause retrograde thick discs in half of them. Retrograde discs have not been observed in the five massive disc galaxies (v_c>120km s^-1) for which thick disc kinematics are known. The populations of the thin and the thick discs are separated in the Age-log(Z/Z_Sun) plane. Thus, the thin and thick discs are made of two distinct stellar populations. Although the stellar population results are not conclusive due to the high dust extinction in ESO533-4, they do not favour a secular evolution origin for the thick disc. Hence, we suggest that the thick disc of ESO533-4 formed in a relatively short event (Abridged).
Rifamycin Use in HIV-Infected Patients with Tuberculosis

One-third of the world’s population is latently infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb). (Raviglione et al., 1995; 2010c) Of those infected a 5% to 10% chance exists during that person’s lifetime for the disease to become active. (Corbett et al., 2003) Patients who are immunocompromised have a much greater risk of experiencing active tuberculosis. Patients who have contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a 10% chance yearly of developing active disease. Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with HIV. (2010a) A person with HIV is 20-30 times more likely to develop active tuberculosis than a person without the virus. (2010b) The World Health Organization (WHO) states that tuberculosis is the leading infectious killer in HIV-positive patients worldwide, killing one out of every four patients. Guidelines recommend treating both infections concurrently as this has shown an increased probability of survival versus sequential therapy. (2010a; Abdool Karim et al., 2010) Unfortunately, several problems arise when combining therapy. Both disease states require multidrug regimens for long durations of time. TB is generally treated for nine or more months in patients with dual disease states, while HIV is treated for a lifetime. Not only does the combination of regimens lead to multi-way drug interactions, but to overlapping side effects, the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), and subsequently an increased difficulty on the part of the patient to adhere to the complicated regimens, which ultimately may result in viral or bacterial resistance. The current recommendations for treating tuberculosis in HIV patients are the same as treatment in patients without HIV: an initial two month phase of isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and rifampin or rifabutin followed by an extended four month phase of isoniazid and one of the rifamycins. In HIV patients the duration may be substantially longer. While each of the rifamycins have significant Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) interactions, rifabutin is considered to have the least among the three and therefore the best choice to be used in treating tuberculosis in HIV patients. (Piscitelli and Gallicano, 2001) Rifabutin is not available in many parts of the world which need it most, specifically lowresource countries (e.g., many sub-Saharan Africa nations). Also, many of the antiretrovirals which are necessary to treat AIDS are not available. With multiple drug interactions, overlapping toxicities, and an unknown pharmacokinetic response in individual patients, clinicians are often at a disadvantage in making treatment decisions. Monitoring of serum concentrations could help elucidate subor supra-
Spillover Effects from Multinational Corporations: Evidence from West Bengal Engineering Industries

This paper attempts a critical review of existing spillover analysis and advances an alternative framework for examining spillover effects in a manufacturing industry context. It enables us to determine the extent of spillover effects in the presence of multinational companies in a host country. Using the primary survey data of the engineering industries from West Bengal, the paper analyzes spillover effects, and identifies the factors and conditions under which spillovers occur.
Effect of season on chemical composition and in situ degradability in cows and in adapted and unadapted goats of three Mexican browse species

Browse foliages from Lysiloma acapulcencis, Quercus laeta and Pithecellobium dulce, native to the subtropical region of southern México, were harvested during the dry season (DS) and rainy season (RS) to determine in situ degradability using ruminal inoculum from fistulated cows as well as goats previously adapted (AG) or not adapted (UG) to browse species fed in their daily diet. Browse leaf samples were incubated in the rumen of each group for 48 h. The crude protein (CP) content of browse was considerably higher in RS (P<0.001). P. dulce had the lowest neutral detergent fiber (NDFom) and acid detergent fiber (ADFom) in the two seasons; L. acapulcencis had the highest values and Q. laeta values were intermediate, with an overall increase in fiber fractions in DS browse foliage (P<0.001). The lowest in situ degradability values were in L. acapulcencis and Q. laeta had intermediate values during both seasons. Season of harvest (RS or DS), and ruminal inoculum (cows, UG, and AG) affected (P<0.001) dry matter degradability (DMD), crude protein degradability (CPD) and fiber fractions of browse. Nutrient degradabilities in all species were higher (P<0.001) in DS than RS. Goats previously exposed to these browse species (AG) had higher (P<0.001) in situ degradability of the browse species than cows or goats in UG fed diets without browse. Overall, goats had higher (P<0.001) nutrient in situ degradability than cows. Our results suggest higher potential of these browse species as forages for ruminants during the dry period in semi-arid regions, but goats previously exposed to diets supplemented with the browse species had a better ability to degrade them than cows or goats in UG. P. dulce has the highest potential as a feed protein source in small ruminants during the dry period. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Abbreviations: ADFom, acid detergent fiber; AG, adapted goats; AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists; CP, crude protein; DM, dry matter; DS, dry season; GLM, general linear model; NDFom, neutral detergent fiber; OM, organic matter; SAS, Statistical Analyses System; RS, rainy season; CT, condensed tannins; UG, unadapted goats. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel. : +52 7162665209; fax: +52 7162665209. E-mail address: dr rojo70@yahoo.com. mx (R. Rojo). 0377-8401/$ – see front matter © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci. 2009.12. 001 Author's personal copy L.M. Camacho et al. / Animal Feed Science and Technology 155 (2010) 206–212 207
Leading for Learning: A Model for Best Practice in School Libraries

This chapter introduces a model for school libraries in Scotland, based on best practices as identified in the literature, and on five case studies undertaken in schools, two in the United States and three in Scotland. The research design was qualitative, and used grounded theory and multiple case study methods. The model represents an ideal set of circumstances for school libraries in Scotland, highlighting the interconnected web of influences that affect the success of a school library in meeting professional standards. These influences primarily fall in three areas: the school librarian, the school environment, and the professional support available to the librarian. The school librarian is the primary leader of the school library program, but factors in these other two areas can provide opportunities and barriers that can help or hinder the success of the library service. For instance, the findings suggest that school-based factors such as curriculum, scheduling, technology facilities, and staffing can have significant influence over the access the librarian has to teachers and students. Our model includes all three areas in describing a set of circumstances that would allow a school library program to thrive and meet the highest professional standards.
KARYOTYPE SIMILARITY BETWEEN TWO SYMPATRIC SCHIZODON FISH SPECIES (ANOSTOMIDAE, CHARACIFORMES) FROM THE PARAGUAY RIVER BASIN

Peixes neotropicais da familia Anostomidae apresentam, de uma forma geral, pouca variacao na sua estrutura cariotipica. Mesmo assim, em alguns grupos, foi possivel identificar variantes cariotipicas que forneceram informacoes tanto sobre sua sistematica quanto sobre sua historia evolutiva. As especies do genero Schizodon apresentam um alto grau de similaridades ecologicas e morfologicas comparado com outros anostomideos. No presente trabalho, foram estudadas caracteristicas cariotipicas de S. borelli (40 individuos analisados) e S. isognathum (somente um individuo analisado), duas especies simpatricas do rio Paraguai, utilizando bandamento C, coloracao com nitrato de prata, aplicacao do fluorocromo GC-especifico mitramicina e hibridacao in situ (FISH) com sonda de DNAr. Os cariotipos destas especies mostraram-se muito similares. Somente duas NORs foram detectadas sob os tratamentos com Ag, MM e FISH em um par cromossomico comum a ambas as especies e um padrao similar de distribuicao da heterocromatina tambem foi observado. Estes dados sugerem a existencia de um paralelismo entre a pouca variacao cromossomica e a baixa divergencia ecologica e morfologica observada neste genero. A homogeneidade cariotipica observada pode estar relacionada a fatores populacionais ou pode indicar que a manutencao de uma estrutura cariotipica conservada e simetrica representa a melhor forma para a organizacao do genoma destes peixes.
New directions and developments in defining, analyzing and measuring L2 speech fluency

In studying second language (L2) fluency attainment, researchers typically address questions about temporal and hesitation phenomena in a descriptive manner, cataloguing which features appear under which learning circumstances. The goal of this paper is to present a perspective on L2 fluency that goes beyond description by exploring a potential explanatory framework for understanding L2 fluency. This framework focuses on the cognitive processing that underlies the manifestation of fluency and disfluency, and on the ways social context might contribute to shaping fluency attainment. The framework provides a dynamical systems perspective of fluency and its development, with specific consequences for a research program on L2 fluency. This framework gives rise to new questions because of its focus on the intimate link between cognitive fluency and utterance fluency, that is, between measures of the speed, efficiency and fluidity of the cognitive processes thought to underlie implementation of the speech act and measures of the oral fluency of that speech act. Moreover, it is argued that cognitive and utterance fluency need to be situated in the social context of communication in order to take into account the role played by the pragmatic and the sociolinguistic nature of communication in shaping L2 fluency development.
Physiological Dynamic of Broiler at Various Environmental Temperatures

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of various environmental temperatures and time of sampling on physiological dynamic of broilers. The effect of treatment on level of triiodothyronine hormone (T3), cholesterol, glucose and protein plasma as well as the weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen in broilers was also estimated. One hundred and fourty 14-d old broilers with 500-600 g of body weight were used as materials. The treatments had two factors, the first factors were consisted of fiv e experiment temperatures (25.55±1.45 with feeding ad libitum ; 25.55±1.45 with pair feeding as T2 ; 25.55±1.45 with pair feeding as T3; 29.29±1.27 with feeding ad libitum and 31.59±1.05 C with feeding ad o libitum as T1, T1FP1, T1FP2, T2A and T3A respectively) and the second factors were three times of sampling (4, 8 and 16 days after factor of experiment temperature as D4, D8 and D16 respectively). 5 x 3 split plot experimental design was used to analyze the data (five experiment temperatures and three times of sampling). Data collected were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was further used to test the significant differences. The experiment resulted that T3 level of T1FP1, T1FP2, T2A and T3A, lower than T1A, meanwhile of D16 and D8 were higher than D4. The cholesterol of T1A was lower than others. Level of glucose of T1A was lower than others too. The weight of bursa of Fabricius of T1A, T1PF1, T1PF2, were higher than T2A and T3A. The weight of spleen of D16 was higher than D8 and D4.
Distribution of mammals and hunting practices in Okpambe and Assam areas of the Takamanda Rainforest, South-West Cameroon

Ecological and social surveys were conducted to determine the mammal distribution and hunting practices in Okpambe and Assam areas of the Takamanda rainforest. The results obtained show that 31 species of the mammals were encountered in the survey. Among these, 4 species are considered to be threatened on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List: Putty nose monkey (Cercopithecus nictitans ), Civet cat ( Civettictis civetta ) Chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ) and the Cross River Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli ). The Cross River Gorilla besides an endangered species is also endemic to the area. The Red Duikers ( Cephalophus callipygus ) were the highest species in abundance recording 70.3% obtained in the matured forest of the Okpambe area. The cane rats (Thryonomys swinderianus ) were prominent in fallowed land and farmland of the two areas recording 80 and 50%, respectively. The highest diversity indexes were 1.55 in secondary forest and 1.66 in matured forest of the areas. The hunting technique commonly used in both areas is trapping with 77.4 and 72.5% in both areas. Most of the hunters preferred hunting in rainy season with 63 and 75% recorded in the two villages. The hunting periods and hunting techniques practices have greatly influence the distribution of mammals in these areas.
Effect of Grading Policy on Students' CGPA−A Case Study of an Engineering College

This study investigates the effect of change in grading policy on students Cumulative Grade Point Averages (CGPAs). The impact of two grading policies, a lenient grading policy versus a strict grading policy, was studied through the actual CGPAs of the students of an engineering college in Pakistan. The lenient grading policy contains 5 grades (A, B, C, D, F) whereas the strict grading policy contains 7 letter grades (A, B + , B, C + , C, D, F). A sample of 1578 students CGPAs, divided in two sections, was analyzed for this purpose in which almost half of the students obtained CGPAs on lenient grading policy and the other half on strict grading policy. Motivating students to perform better is one of the expected functions of grading policy. Results show that strict grading policy has a statistically positive impact on student CGPAs, when compared to the student CGPAs on lenient grading policy. The low-performers get more benefit than the high-performers in terms of CGPA when the stricter grading policy is employed.
This Is Just A Test: Overcoming High-Stakes Test Anxiety through Relaxation and Gum Chewing When Preparing for the ACT

This study was a replication of a previous study (in which) participants were given relaxation and deep breathing training to help manage test anxiety. The study examined the correlations between relaxation strategies, gum chewing and variables including socioeconomic status, class rank, GPA, and importance of going to college. Participants included 96 high school students (36 males, 60 females), preparing for the ACT (American College Testing). Results indicated that the relaxation intervention had a significant effect in reducing test anxiety.
Correlation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation With Some Semen Parameters In Iraqi Infertile Men

Background: Semen analysis is the first step in evaluation of male infertility ,but it does not reflect the quality of sperm DNA therefore the evaluation of sperm DNA integrity could add further information on the quality of spermatozoa and fertility in males. Several tests developed to assess sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), the most frequently used is the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion test (SCD). sperm DNA damage may be due to alterations in chromatin modelling during the process of spermiogenesis, or from abortive apoptosis or may be related to the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Objective: The current study investigated the importance of assessment sperm DNA integrity in Iraqi males undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in order to predict pregnancy outcomes because sperm DNA damage related to poor embryo development. Results: Iraqi infertile males are shown to have significantly more sperm DNA fragmentation compared to fertile males (%28.368± 2.149 vs %16.85 ± 1.737) in males 35 ≥ years and (%31.09± 2.468 vs %15.88± 2.502)in males 35< years. there was a significant negative correlation between SDF and sperm motility at r = -. 420 accompanied with negative correlation of SDF with sperm concentration at r = . 150, No correlation was observed between SDF and ages in infertile males. Conclusion: Sperm DNA fragmentation was within the limit of fragmentation which decreased but not prevent pregnancy rates in IVF program.