Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and control of bovine babesiosis in South Africa.

: Babesiosis is the cause of serious economic losses in South Africa and involves most areas with an annual rainfall of more than 400 mm. Both Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis are present and both are considered to be important. The vectors, distribution and factors influencing enzootic stability of both species are discussed. Except in some areas only marginally suitable for ticks, and where tick control alone may be adequate, control by immunisation is recommended. Short term prevention can be achieved by chemoprophylaxis.
Avaliação da influência da infecção bacteriana secundária na evolução da leishmaniose cutânea em Corte de Pedra, Bahia

In order to study the prevalence of secondary bacterial infection in ulcerated lesions and its relationship to the healing process, 84 leishmaniotic patients were evaluated. Diagnosis of the secondary infection was made by bacterial aerobic culture of peripheral tissue specimen of the ulcer. All patients received antimonial therapy during 20 days and washed their ulcers with common soap. Cases were composed mainly of adolescent and adult farmer patients with single lesions. The evaluated ulcers were encountered on legs and feet in 47.6%. Secondary bacterial infection was found in 45/83 (54.2%), and was more frequent in lesions located below the knee. Staphylococcus aureus predominated (89%). The ulcers' healing process, evaluated in 79 patients one month after finishing treatment, was not influenced by the secondary bacterial infection.
Evaluation study of a resource for developing education, audit and teamwork in primary care

An evaluation of the views of primary health care team members participating in an intervention programme of a Resource for Education, Audit and Teamworking (CREATE) is presented. The pilot CREATE programme comprised of a series of nine educational and team building workshops delivered in protected time to all clinical and administrative staff in seven general practices in one Health Board locality, within a 12-month period. The content of the programme was developed in response to an educational needs assessment undertaken by the CREATE steering group. The purpose of the evaluation study was to identify if the CREATE programme altered participants’ views of teamwork, education and audit, and to ascertain the suitability of the CREATE programme for more extensive implementation in Scotland. The evaluation study utilized a combination of quantitative and qualitative survey methods. Quantitative questionnaires devised specifically as evaluation tools for the project were manually distributed and collected at the first and last CREATE workshops to all participants present on each occasion. Following the first and last CREATE workshop, key informants from each practice subsequently participated in qualitative, indepth interviews. The combined results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal that the CREATE project is highly valued by the majority of primary health care team members who participated in the programme, particularly clinical staff but to lesser extent administrative staff. The findings indicate that a relatively simple but inclusive programme delivering appropriate education to primary care teams within protected time is able to overcome barriers to teamwork and has led to staff developing improved quality of health care services. Areas where teamwork and quality improvement were perceived as developing most significantly included: developing objectives, meeting as a practice and communication so people were more involved in discussions and decision-making. As a result of the findings from the pilot, the key elements of CREATE are being replicated elsewhere in Scotland.
Further chemotherapy versus low-dose involved-field radiotherapy as consolidation of complete remission after six cycles of alternating chemotherapy in patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease

Objective : It was the aim of this prospective randomized multicenter study to compare chemotherapy and radiotherapy as consolidation treatments in patients achieving complete remission (CR) after 6 cycles of doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy in advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease (HD). Methods : A total of 288 previously untreated patients aged 18-60 years with stage IIIB or IV HD received induction chemotherapy with 3 x (COPP + ABVD). Patients achieving CR were eligible for randomisation to either 20 Gy radiotherapy to initially involved fields (RT-arm) or to an additional 1 x (COPP + ABVD) (CT-arm). Patients with nodal PR were allocated to more intense radiotherapy (IRT-arm: 20 Gy IF, 40 Gy to persisting tumor). Four patients with persisting organ involvement after induction received salvage chemotherapy. Results : Of 288 patients, 171 (59%) achieved CR after induction chemotherapy. Of these, 100 patients were successfully randomized to RT or CT. In the CT arm relapses were observed in 10 of 49 patients compared with 13 of 51 patients in the RT arm (p = n.s.). Fifty patients refused randomisation and for them a treatment was chosen, and 21 patients refused any further treatment. Of these 21 patients with no consolidation therapy, 9 relapsed, indicating an approximately 3-fold increased relapse risk compared with those receiving either of the consolidation therapies. No relapse was observed in initially involved lung or liver sites. Adverse prognostic factors for freedom from treatment failure and survival were low hemoglobin and large mediastinal mass at initial presentation. Conclusions : No statistically significant differences in treatment efficacy were detected between 20 Gy IF radiotherapy and 1 x (COPP + ABVD) chemotherapy following CR after six cycles of alternating chemotherapy in patients with advanced-stage HD. However, limited observations in a non-randomized cohort indicate that patients without consolidation treatment of CR after 6 cycles of chemotherapy may have an elevated risk for relapse.
Quantitative Doppler echocardiography

### Key points Echocardiography provides information regarding volumes [e.g. stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction], flows [e.g. cardiac output (CO), shunt fractions], and pressures (e.g. gradients across valves). As the only directly measurable variables are length (using 2D imaging) and velocity (using spectral Doppler), quantitative haemodynamic data is acquired using extrapolation of these two modalities. Area can also be measured directly using planimetry in most systems. This review demonstrates how the physical principles behind Doppler echocardiography can be used to calculate volumes, flows and pressures. Systolic and diastolic ventricular function, filling status, and valve pathology can all be quantified, providing depth and accuracy to decision-making processes. f = 2 v f 0 cos θ c where f is Doppler shift frequency, v velocity of red cell target, f frequency of transmitted ultrasound beam, θ angle between the ultrasound beam and vector of the red blood cell flow and c is velocity of ultrasound in blood. The Doppler effect is the change in frequency of a reflected sound wave for an observer moving relative to its source. In blood flow, the frequency shifts relate to red blood cell velocities. If the source moves towards the observer, the observed frequency increases (and thus, wavelength decreases). …
Frequency of Birth Defects and its Relationship to Parents Having InterfamilyMarriages at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Inter family cousin marriages carries a risk of increased birth defects. The exact contribution of interfamily to birth defects risk is controversial. The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of birth defects in in relation to interfamily or outside family marriages. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Civil hospital Sukkur from 9th November 2013 to 13th December 2015. Mothers giving birth to babies married in interfamily or outside family with their consent obtained were included in the study. Mothers not giving consent for study and having any known major illnesses were excluded from this study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: The mean age of enrolled participants is 26.72 ± 7.07 years, the mean years of marriage was 5.95 ± 6 years and 49.4% were residents of urban area. Overall 89.9% were Muslims, 8.4% Christians and 2.8% Hindus, 60.7% infant had gestational age of <37 weeks. Overall 11.4% of newborns have congenital malformations. Frequency of congenital malformations among interfamily marriages was 15.6% compared to outside family marriages accounted for 3.7% cases (p=0.021). Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that congenital malformations are common among participants of interfamily marriages.
The Effects of the Nintendo Wii Fit on Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Perceived Balance Deficits: A Pilot Study

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine if a 6-week intervention program using the Nintendo Wii Fit Balance Board would lead to improvements in balance in community-dwelling older adults over the age of 65 with a perceived balance deficit. Balance, balance confidence, and limits of stability were measured at preintervention and postintervention using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, and the Multi-Directional Reach Test, respectively. The center of pressure excursion was calculated by the Wii Balance Board. The intervention consisted of 30-min sessions, 2×/week using the Balance Board. No statistically significant changes were found for any outcome measure, although 4 of the 6 participants demonstrated clinically significant improvements on the BBS, using established clinical guidelines. These findings suggest that an intervention program including the Wii fit may be an effective rehabilitation option for older adults with perceived balance deficits.
The effect of doxazosin on arterial distensibility in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes mellitus

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of doxazosin, an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blocker, on arterial distensibility in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Methods: The study included 46 outpatients (31 females, 15 males; mean age 58.4±8.3 years; range 37 to 70 years) with type II diabetes mellitus and stage 1 or 2 hypertension according to the JNC 7 report. In addition to antidiabetic and antilipidemic drugs, the patients were given doxazosin 2 mg daily for eight weeks, during which measurements of blood pressure and pulse were made every two weeks. To regulate blood pressure, the dose of doxazosin was increased to 4 mg in the second week in three patients (6.5%), and in the fourth week in four patients (8.7%). Arterial distensibility was assessed by measuring carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity with an automatic device (Complior Colson, Createch Industrie, France). Results: Compared to pretreatment values, significant decreases occurred at the end of eight weeks in the following parameters: systolic blood pressure (p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.002), mean blood pressure (p<0.001), pulse pressure (p<0.001), heart rate (p<0.001), and pulse wave velocity (p=0.004). The only adverse effect was headache seen in four patients (8.7%). Conclusion: Both blood pressures and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity decreased after doxazosin therapy. Being an indicator of increased arterial elasticity, decreased pulse wave velocity with doxazosin treatment shows that doxazosin is a good option in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
The efficacy of a combined risk factor and quantitative ultrasound osteoporosis screening tool

Purpose: The primary purpose was to cross-validate the risk factors in the ORACLE as a screening tool for osteoporosis in healthy U.S. women at various menopausal stages. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the potential use of physical activity history to determine current bone status. Methods: Fifty-six female subjects (46.1 ± 6.3 years) of various menopausal stages participated in the study. Subjects completed an osteoporosis risk factor and physical activity history questionnaire. Subjects underwent laboratory testing comprised of distal radius quantitative ultrasound [QUS] scan, dual hip and spine dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [DXA] scans, and a one week physical activity assessment via accelerometer. Results: There were no significant relationships between the group of ORACLE variables (age, BMI, HRT use, previous fracture, speed of sound [SOS]) and BMD status. Notably, SOS measures from Omnisense QUS were found to have low sensitivity values (0%, femoral neck; 20%, lumbar spine). Linear regression analyses revealed that the accelerometry variable of moderate-vigorous non-bout activity counts [MV NBCounts] approached significance as a predictor of low BMD at the lumbar spine (p = 0.081). Conclusions: Results indicated that the ORACLE risk factors were not a valid osteoporosis screening tool in a mixed menopausal population. Similarly, QUS measures were not related to DXA measures. Subjective and objective physical activity measures were non-significant predictors of current low BMD but lower levels of MV NBCounts trend towards being a significant
Food Frequency Questionnaire to Determine the Intake of Vitamin C: A Pilot Validation Study

Abstract Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) specific to diabetic population wherein the frequency of intake of vitamin C would be examined. Material and Methods: The study is registered with Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) with CTRI number CTRI/2016/03/006764. The FFQ was validated against intakes derived from a 24 Hour Dietary Recall (24 DR). 50 subjects were chosen and a FFQ with 24-hour dietary recall was done. The FFQ had a list of commonly used food items. The vitamin C yield from each food item was precalculated. Result and conclusion: Strong correlations between the FFQ and 24 dietary recall were observed for all vitamin C containing food list (Pearson Correlation Coefficient r = 0.997). The p value was significant between the FFQ and 24Hour dietary recall (p = 0.028). Cross classification analysis showed uniform classification of the respondents and there was no misclassification into quartiles. This pilot study showed promising validation evidence for the use of this FFQ, which focuses vitamin C intake in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, as a screening tool in clinical and research settings.
Women, weaponry and warfare:A multidisciplinary study of the use of weapons by women in Dynastic Egypt

This thesis is a detailed study of the utilisation of weaponry by ancient Egyptian women during the Dynastic Period. This work incorporates extended literature reviews, including a detailed discussion of several examples of women utilising weaponry and taking part in warfare in societies outside of Dynastic Egypt, an analysis of feminist and gender-based approaches to the subject, an examination of women within ancient Egyptian society, and a review of the specific weapons associated with these women. Detailed experimental archaeology also forms part of the thesis research in order to test the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the specific weaponry when utilised by both men and women. In addition to the experimental work, a comparative discussion of examples of weapons’ trauma on ancient Egyptian remains is carried out. The thesis concludes with the discussion of research carried out and the potential for future work, and the conclusions drawn from all aspects of the thesis research. A catalogue of unpublished ancient Egyptian weaponry in the collections of the Harrogate Royal Pump Room Museum and the Yorkshire Museum in York is also included as an Appendix to the thesis.
The Impact of Maternal and Paternal Deployment on Depressive Symptoms and Well-Being Among Military-Connected Youth

Objective: This study examines how military parents' gender moderates the association between deployments and well-being and depression among military-connected youth. Methods: Secondary analyses were run on 2011 California Healthy Kids Survey data from 1,370 military-connected adolescents. Results: For depression, we found a significant interaction between deployments and parents' gender (β = .10, p = 0.0208). The relationship between deployment and depression is stronger for children of female service members. We also found a significant association between two or more deployments and well-being (β = 0.24, p = 0.0049). Discussion: Children of female service members may be at greater risk of psychosocial morbidity. Further, youth well-being may increase during/following deployments, perhaps suggesting resilience.
Persepsi Nilai dan Kepercayaan terhadap Kepuasan dan Dampaknya terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen

Pemasaran memiliki peran penting dalam keberhasilan perusahaan, terutama dalam menghadapi persaingan, mempertahankan keunggulan, dan mengembangkan usaha untuk senantiasa mencapai laba. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai melalui pelayanan jasa perusahaan yang unggul, akan mengubah persepsi pelanggan menjadi positif, semakin banyak yang merasa puas, dan memperbanyak pelanggan yang loyal terhadap produk maupun merek perusahaan sehingga perusahaan tetap dapat mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi nilai, kepercayaan terhadap kepuasan dan loyalitas konsumen pada PT. Pandu Dana Utama Express (PT. Pandu Express) di kota Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah asosiatif, dengan pengungkapan data secara deskriptif dan verifikatif. Populasi adalah konsumen pengguna jasa PT Pandu Express yang berlokasi di kota Manado. Pengumpulan data melalui survey dari 1362 konsumen diambil sebanyak 93 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah path analysis . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Secara bersama persepsi nilai, kepercayaan dan kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen. Secara parsial persepsi nilai dan kepercayaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen, persepsi nilai, kepercayaan dan kepuasan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen. Bagi pihak manajemen perusahaan PT. Pandu Express, sebaiknya kepercayaan dan kepuasan konsumen ditingkatkan nilainya dengan cara meningkatkan kualitas jasa layanan agar persepsi nilai yang positif dari konsumen dapat meningkat terhadap perusahaan. Kata kunci: persepsi nilai, kepercayaan, kepuasan, dan loyalitas konsumen.
Effect of mulching and date of transplanting on yield contributing characters of Tomato

Under Punjab conditions, very low night temperature from 15th December to end of January is detrimental to tomato growth. To protect the crop from low temperature injury, investigations were carried out on tomato cv. Punjab Chhuhara at the Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Agrometeorology and Forestry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The transplanting was done on Ist week of December, 3rd week of December and Ist week of January during 2002–03 and 2003–04 with four different treatments. Mulches of transparent polythene, black polythene, straw mulch were applied and compared with open. Mulches modified the microclimate by modifying soil temperature, soil moisture and evaporation and this modified microclimate affected the yield contributing characters of tomato. Number of branches, average fruit weight and total yield were maximum under the transparent polythene mulch followed by black polythene, straw mulch and control. Among various dates first date of transplanting increased the branch number, average fruit weight and total yield to maximum extent.
Evolution of Public Service Interpreter Training in the U.S.

Abstract : This article provides an analysis of the current state of public service interpreting (or community interpreting) in theU.S. , beginning with a definition of the term and proceeding with a description of how the profession has evolved over the past few decades. Since the training of public service interpreters (PSIs) is inextricably linked to how the profession is viewed (or whether it is viewed as a profession at all), the discussion of the history of PSI will necessarily include the development of educational programs along with the expansion of employment opportunities as standards and expectations have changed over the years. After tracing the evolution of such programs to the present time, the essential elements of training that scholars in the field have identified are enumerated, using them as a benchmark to see how theU.S. measures up. The article concludes with a discussion of issues that complicate the delivery of interpreter training in this country and some recommendations for the future. Resumen : Este articulo proporcionara un analisis del estado actual de la interpretacion en los servicios publicos (o interpretacion social) en los Estados Unidos, empezando con una definicion del termino y continuando con una descripcion de como la profesion ha evolucionado en las ultimas decadas. Puesto que la formacion de los interpretes en los servicios publicos (ISP) esta inextricablemente relacionada con como se ve la profesion (o si se ve como profesion), la discusion de la historia de la ISP necesariamente incluira el desarrollo de programas educativos junto con la expansion de las oportunidades de empleo, ya que los estandares y las expectativas han cambiado con el paso de los anos. Tras mostrar la evolucion de tales programas hasta el momento actual, se hara una lista de los elementos esenciales de la formacion que los investigadores del campo han identificado, utilizandolos como punto de referencia para ver como funcionan los Estados Unidos. El articulo concluira con una discusion de las cuestiones que complican la oferta de formacion de interpretes en este pais y algunas recomendaciones para el future.
Are bladder cancer patients set at risk by minimally invasive approaches to radical cystectomy

Radical cystectomy is the mainstay of surgical treatment in muscle invasive bladder cancer (BC). With the advent of minimally invasive surgical approaches during the last decades an increasing number of patients has been treated by minimally invasive surgical approaches, namely conventional laparoscopic (LRC) and robotic assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). Despite comparable results to open radical cystectomy regarding perioperative outcomes, oncological surrogate parameters (margin status, lymph node yield) and early oncological outcomes these novel techniques are under debate. A controversial issue beyond cost effectiveness and short term clinical benefit is especially oncological safety. In this context a recent study on LRC report on early recurrences and unexpected patterns of metastases in bladder cancer patients with favourable tumor characteristics. This perspective article will detail and discuss the relevance of the findings of this controversial article regarding further advancement of minimally invasive approaches in radical cystectomy.
Prevalence of malocclusion and its common traits in Saudi males of Aseer region

Background: To evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and its common characteristics in young male population of Aseer province. Methods: One thousand eight hundred and twenty Saudi male students between the age of 15 and 17 years were chosen from 3408 pupils studying in different middle schools of Abha region. Oral examination was performed to check the prevalence of malocclusion according to Angles classification and the individual traits including crowding, spacing, deep bite, anterior open bite, and anterior cross bite. Results: The prevalence of Class I, II, and III malocclusions was 62.3%, 28.4%, and 9.3%, respectively. Crowding was the most common individual trait (43.8%) while anterior open bite was the least prevalent (7.2%). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of malocclusion observed in the study population. Nearly half of them were suffering from crowding of teeth.