Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal health services utilization and influencing factors: A study in Lucknow district

Introduction: The maternal health care service utilization by reproductive women remains dismal despite various health programs and policies in the country. The study was initiated to find out the answer to the utilization level of maternal health services and the factors which influence the utilization. The present study was conducted to assess the utilization of maternal health care services (ANC and PNC) and the influence of factors on maternal health care utilization in Lucknow district. Materials and Methods: Study design-Observational Cross Sectional. Study Area-Below poverty line people residing in Urban areas. Study Unit-Women delivered in last one year. Study Period-March, 2014 to January, 2015. Sampling Technique-Simple random sampling. Sample Size-484 subjects. Study Technique-Interviews using a pre-tested, pre-structured questionnaire. Results: The study observed that utilization of maternal health care services was not up to the expected level, few indicators being abysmally low (PNC visits etc). The association of certain factors like literacy level of women, religion and parity was found to be significantly associated with Maternal health care service utilization. Discussion: The current study re-emphasized that maternal health care utilization is governed by multiple factors like maternal literacy level, religion and parity of women. Literacy level increases awareness about health, availability and accessibility of services and helps in developing the confidence while religious faith motivates the utilization of services. Conclusion: The better utilization of the maternal health services can be achieved by socio-economic development. Recommendations: Policies and programs focusing on education of community and incorporation of opinions of religious bodies could be an appropriate strategy.
A critical systematic review of service concretization based on bio-inspired approaches

In service-oriented computing, Web service selection is an important part of Web service composition. QoS attributes are used to distinguish Web services with same functionality. QoS-aware Web service selection and composition have attracted much attention in the past years. The Web service composition is achieved by solving the Web service concretization problem. The literature has presented two Web service concretization approaches, namely, local optimization approach and global optimization approach. There are three types of algorithmic methods in the global optimization approaches: optimal methods, sub-optimal methods, and soft constraints-based methods. The bio-inspired algorithms are sub-optimal methods. The existing studies using bio-inspired algorithms apply different strategies to solve Web service concretization problems. This paper will firstly present a hierarchical taxonomy of Web service concretization approaches. Then we present a systematic review on the current research of Web service concretization based on bio-inspired algorithms. We will describe the applications of ant colony optimization algorithm, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm to Web service concretization. In addition, this paper will compare ant colony optimization algorithm and genetic algorithm in details. By analyzing and comparing different applications of bio-inspired algorithms-Web service concretization, this paper also discusses the known outcomes and areas for potential future research.
Postoperative exercise rehabilitation benefits children with congenital heart disease.

Abstract Physical fitness was assessed in children with congenital heart disease using seven tests designed to measure cardiovascular endurance, strength, flexibility and co-ordination. Test scores for age-matched healthy children were significantly higher than preoperative scores for patients. Postoperatively, the patients were divided into a control group and a physical training group. The training group was subsequently divided into compliant and non-compliant subgroups. Patients who complied with a simple six-week home program of physical activity training after surgery improved their test scores significantly (p less than .001) and were not significantly different from normal children. The scores of the non-compliant group remained below normal (p less than .01). When retested six months postop, the scores of all patient groups had improved; however, while there was no significant difference between the healthy and compliant groups, the scores of the non-compliant and control groups remained significantly below those of the healthy children (p less than .01).
Coordinate-based Texture Inpainting for Pose-Guided Image Generation

We present a new deep learning approach to pose-guided resynthesis of human photographs. At the heart of the new approach is the estimation of the complete body surface texture based on a single photograph. Since the input photograph always observes only a part of the surface, we suggest a new inpainting method that completes the texture of the human body. Rather than working directly with colors of texture elements, the inpainting network estimates an appropriate source location in the input image for each element of the body surface. This correspondence field between the input image and the texture is then further warped into the target image coordinate frame based on the desired pose, effectively establishing the correspondence between the source and the target view even when the pose change is drastic. The final convolutional network then uses the established correspondence and all other available information to synthesize the output image. A fully-convolutional architecture with deformable skip connections guided by the estimated correspondence field is used. We show state-of-the-art result for pose-guided image synthesis. Additionally, we demonstrate the performance of our system for garment transfer and pose-guided face resynthesis.
Identity Preserving Generative Adversarial Network for Cross-Domain Person Re-Identification

In this paper, we study the domain adaptive person re-identification(re-ID) problem: train a re-ID model on the labeled source domain and test it on the unlabeled target domain. It’s known challenging due to the feature distribution bias between the source domain and target domain. The previous methods directly reduce the bias by image-to-image style translation between the source and the target domain in an unsupervised manner. However, these methods only consider the rough bias between the source domain and the target domain but neglect the detailed bias between the source domain and the target camera domains (divided by camera views), which contain critical factors influencing the testing performance of re-ID model. In this work, we particularly focus on the bias between the source domain and the target camera domains. To overcome this problem, a multi-domain image-to-image translation network, termed Identity Preserving Generative Adversarial Network (IPGAN) is proposed to learn the mapping relationship between the source domain and the target camera domains. IPGAN can translate the styles of images from the source domain to the target camera domains and generate many images with styles of target camera domains. Then the re-ID model is trained with the translated images generated by IPGAN. During the training of the re-ID model, we aim to learn the discriminative feature. We design and train a novel re-ID model, termed IBN-reID, in which Instance and Batch Normalization block (IBN-block) are introduced. Experimental results on Market-1501, DukeMTMC-reID and MSMT17 show that the images generated by IPGAN are more suitable for cross-domain re-ID. Very competitive re-ID accuracy is achieved by our method.
Leisure time activities of students at teaching faculties from three countries

The purpose of this study is to examine different perspectives and ways of spending leisure time of students (teachers-to-be) becoming from three different socio-cultural and economic backgrounds. The same research procedure was applied in the same period in Macedonia, Slovenia and Bulgaria. The sample of examiners was consisted of total 354 examiners (128 students from Macedonia, 60 students from Slovenia and 166 from Bulgaria). Research was realized by using specially designed closed form of questionnaire, composed of 21 questions. Obtained results were analyzed using descriptive statistics parameters. Differences among student’s opinions were tested applying descriptive and comparative statistics. In general, differences between students were noted mainly in questions related with the amount of leisure time, activities applied during this time as well as differences in contents suggested by the universities. The obtained results are future suggestions for both, youth and university in order to be improved and enriched.
Tendência de indicadores epidemiológicos da hanseníase em um estado endêmico

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological trends of leprosy in an endemic state. Methods: ecological study of temporal trends. The data were taken from the National Disease Notification System and analyzed through a generalized linear regression using the Prais Winsten method. Results: a total of 12,134 new cases of leprosy were analyzed. There was a downward trend of -4.8% in the overall detection rate and of -6.7% in the detection rate in children under 15 years of age. The proportion of new cases of leprosy with grade 2 physical disability at diagnosis showed a stationary trend of 2.7%. It is noteworthy that the trends of epidemiological indicators of leprosy are heterogeneous among the macro-regions of the health system. Conclusion: the incidence of leprosy declined in the general population, in children under 15 years of age, and the proportion of grade 2 disability showed stability. Despite the decline, it is evident that diagnoses occur late and the transmission remains active. Descriptors: Leprosy; Epidemiology; Primary Health Care.
The use of a visual learning design representation to document and communicate teaching ideas

A learning design is a representation of teaching and learning practice documented in some notational form so that it can serve as a model or template adaptable by a teacher to suit his/her context. This paper presents a work-in-progress of a research study that is examining how a learning design representation developed in an Australian federally funded project known as the Learning Designs project (www.learningdesigns.uow.edu.au) is being used. Eleven participants were interviewed to investigate how they are using the learning design representation and how such a representation could be improved. Preliminary findings indicate that the visual characteristic of this learning design representation is one of its main strengths. The visual element enables a learning design to be summarised so it can serve as a “talking point” during the design process, it can be used as a communication device to share pedagogical strategies, and it can also serve as a personal reflection tool. In-depth analysis of the interviews is currently being conducted. The results will inform the refinement of the learning design representation and make a contribution towards the development of a notation system as there is currently no consistent notation system for learning designs in education.
Innovations in medical technology - The influence of personal and product characteristics on physicians' acceptance of the Artificial Pancreas

Although the literature provides abundant theories and approaches to the understanding of technology acceptance, it is unclear what factors drive certain professional user groups to accept technological novelties. In light of the planned market introduction of an artificial pancreas used in diabetes treatment, this research paper deals with the examination of possible extrinsic and intrinsic factors influencing physicians’ intention to prescribe the technology of the artificial pancreas in their working environment. Building on key findings of several theoretical paradigms, the author developed a conceptual framework and tested it in the context of Dutch, German and Austrian healthcare. Using multiple regression analysing answers of 50 physicians, the model explained 39% of the physicians’ intention to use the artificial pancreas with a good model fit. Hereby the author found out, that while innovativeness and complexity do not significantly influence a physician’s intention to use the artificial pancreas, perceived usefulness significantly explained 38.4% of the variance of intention to use. With these results, this study provides important initial insights into the understanding of market acceptance from one main stakeholder group for the Dutch company Inreda Diabetics B.V. who is responsible for the development of the artificial pancreas. Furthermore, it provides further ideas for understanding circumstances that contribute to the acceptance of new technological innovations.
Self-Supervised Generative Adversarial Networks

Conditional GANs are at the forefront of natural image synthesis. The main drawback of such models is the necessity for labelled data. In this work we exploit two popular unsupervised learning techniques, adversarial training and self-supervision, to close the gap between conditional and unconditional GANs. In particular, we allow the networks to collaborate on the task of representation learning, while being adversarial with respect to the classic GAN game. The role of self-supervision is to encourage the discriminator to learn meaningful feature representations which are not forgotten during training. We test empirically both the quality of the learned image representations, and the quality of the synthesized images. Under the same conditions, the self-supervised GAN attains a similar performance to state-of-the-art conditional counterparts. Finally, we show that this approach to fully unsupervised learning can be scaled to attain an FID of 33 on unconditional ImageNet generation.
Mechanisms restraining oxytocin neurones in pregnancy

It is now just more than 100 years since it was discovered that an extract of the posterior pituitary gland potently stimulates uterine contractions in vitro (DALE, 1906). The active substance stimulating the uterus was accordingly named oxytocin, and the antidiuretic and vasopressor activity of posterior pituitary extract was attributed to vasopressin/ antidiuretic hormone. It was subsequently demonstrated that this oxytocic activity was caused by a peptide distinct from vasopressin (PIERCE and DU VIGNEAUD, 1950; DU VIGNEAUD et al., 1954), and confi rmed in 1954 with the publication by du Vigneaud and colleagues (DU VIGNEAUD et al., 1954) of the structure and synthesis of a 9-amino acid peptide with potent oxytocic activity. Subsequently, the gene for oxytocin was characterised and it became evident that the vasopressin and oxytocin genes had MECHANISMS RESTRAINING OXYTOCIN NEURONES IN PREGNANCY
Concealed pregnancy: a case-study approach from an Irish setting / Catherine Conlon

This study arose out of interested and concerned observations of social work and crisis pregnancy counselling and support staff attached to the antenatal and maternity departments of an Irish rural-based general hospital. Staff noted a recurring incidence in social work caseloads of women attending for antenatal care later than recommended guidelines, often having made no or limited disclosure of the pregnancy to significant others. These cases were considered to come within the staff’s understanding of ‘concealed pregnancies’. Discussions with colleagues in other areas of the antenatal and maternity services indicated particular issues, concerns and challenges arising in meeting the needs of women in such circumstances. This led to a research initiative, in partnership with the Crisis Pregnancy Agency, to gain a deeper understanding of concealed pregnancy. A primary objective of the research would be to generate recommendations to guide and inform the planning and development of a national policy and framework of services responding to concealed pregnancy in medical, social, counselling and support services settings throughout Ireland.
First foods: Diet quality among infants aged 6–23 months in 42 countries

Highlights • Nutrient-dense solid foods are needed to complement breastmilk after 6 months. • Data from 76,641 infants reveals which food groups are used at each age. • We link intake to parental education, household wealth, climate and infrastructure. • Infant feeding follows Bennett's law, also mother's schooling and local conditions. • Low diet diversity in early infancy calls for new actions to meet nutrient needs.
PREDICTIVE GENETIC TESTING FOR BREAST AND PROSTATE CANCER

Authors' conclusions Breast and prostate cancer are the second leading causes of death and the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in Canadian women and men, respectively. Age, ethnicity, and family history are definite risk factors for breast and prostate cancer. Hereditary breast and prostate cancers have been associated with alterations in the expression of tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes.
151. Evaluation of Pneumococcal Vaccine Effectiveness Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Among US Medicare Beneficiaries ≥65 Years Old

Abstract Background Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was recommended in series with PPSV23 for all US adults ≥65 years in late 2014. We evaluated effectiveness of PCV13 against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years old to assess this new policy. Methods We linked records for IPD cases (pneumococcus isolated from sterile sites) in persons ≥65 years old identified through Active Bacterial Core surveillance with those of Medicare beneficiaries. Isolates were serotyped and classified as PCV13 (with or without cross-reacting type 6C), and nonvaccine types. We selected Medicare beneficiaries with no record of IPD or pneumonia as controls, and matched to cases on age, residence census tract, and length of Medicare enrollment; we included all eligible controls. Vaccination and medical histories were obtained through Medicare. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) as 1 minus the IPD odds ratio for vaccinated (PCV13) vs. unvaccinated (no PCV13 or PPSV23) persons using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for sex and underlying conditions. Results From 2,246 IPD cases identified in 2015–2016, 1,017 (45%) were matched to Medicare beneficiaries. After excluding cases in persons residing in long-term care facilities or with <1 year of Medicare enrollment, we included 699 eligible cases and 10,152 controls in our analysis. PCV13-types (+6C) accounted for 164 (23%) cases, and serotype 3 was the most common PCV13-type. Case patients were more likely than controls to have one or more chronic (88% vs. 58%) or immunocompromising (54% vs. 32%) conditions present. Fourteen percent, 22%, and 8% of case patients, and 18%, 21%, and 8% of controls received PCV13 only, PPSV23 only, or both vaccines, respectively. PCV13-only VE against PCV13-types was 36% (95% CI −18, 65%). When we included type 6C with PCV13-types, VE was 67% (95% CI 11, 88%). PCV13 showed similar effectiveness against PCV13 type (+6C) IPD among adults >75 years of age (VE 61%, 95% CI 14, 82). VE was 26% (95% CI −58, 65%) against serotype 3 and 67% (95% CI 11, 88%) against other PCV13-types (+6C). PCV13 was not effective against nonvaccine types. Conclusion PCV13 was effective in preventing IPD caused by PCV13 types when excluding type 3; no effectiveness was demonstrated against serotype 3. Disclosures W. Schaffner, Merck: Member, Data Safety Monitoring Board, Consulting fee. Pfizer: Member, Data Safety Monitoring Board, Consulting fee. Dynavax: Consultant, Consulting fee. Seqirus: Consultant, Consulting fee. SutroVax: Consultant, Consulting fee. Shionogi: Consultant, Consulting fee.
A Cancer Family Manifesting Multiple Occurrences of Bilateral Carcinoma of the Breast

In most studies pertaining to carcinogenesis in man there has been a tendency to disregard or minimize data obtained clinically. As Weller (10) and others have clearly shown, however, pertinent clinical data, do come from a number of sources,--"cancer families, family histories of cancer patients, multiple tumors in the same patient, familial concentration of certain neoplasms, and the tumors of monochorial twins. " Many of these data are difficult to interpret because of their imperfect quality and the complexity of human genetics. From time to time we are apt to encounter "cancer families" where it seems that the incidence of neoplasia is significantly in excess of the normal expectation. The reporting of the more significant or outstanding "cancer families" not only should be of immediate value, but should stimulate us and our successors to focus more critical attention on such families, resulting in careful periodic reports. Such a report has been made by Hauser and Weller (3) on a family originally reported by Warthin (8). Possibly in this way, after many generations, the present imperfect quality of information obtainable from the histories of cancer families may be improved and the information rendered more precise. Concomitant with this there will be an increased emphasis on obtaining accurate tissue and necropsy reports upon all members of any given family. The clinician can improve the quality of the data in this way. As the factual knowledge in various families becomes more complete, data from this source may be given to the geneticist for interpretation. The family to be reported is one that manifests a number of interesting features and on which subsequent reports should be of value. In this family, whose record we have for four generations, there is an unusual incidence of bilateral carcinoma of the breast. The breasts have uniformly exhibited well developed, almost excessive, acinar and duct structures, as well as carcinomas of similar structural type. Even though a definite tendency to mammary cancer seems to be inherited on the maternal side, only those who are nursed by their mothers develop it. Thus, it is noted
Value of color Doppler ultrasound in the treatment of recurrent melanoma with isolated limb perfusion

Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of Color Doppler Ultrasound (US) in the follow-up of recurrent melanoma of the limbs treated by isolated limb perfusion (ILP). Materials and methods. A retrospective study was done looking at 18 patients treated by isolated perfusion of the limb. Number, size and vascularity of subcutaneous metastases were examined for all patients. The results of pre and post therapeutic examinations were compared with clinical data and evolution. Results. US was superior to clinical examination in the detection and measurement of subcutaneous metastases. Decrease in tumor size and early disappearance of tumoral vascularity were associated with an effective tumor response to treatment. Early disappearance of vascularity was associated with early complete response. Initial presence or persistence of vascularity before the third month after treatment were not poor prognostic factors. The appearance of vascularity seemed to be an indicator of early failure of the treatment. Conclusion. Color Doppler US is highly effective for the follow-up of patients with recurrent melanoma of the limbs. It provides prognostic factors of treatment failure, which may lead to early modification of the treatment strategy.