Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formulation of a complementary food fortified with broad beans ( Vicia faba ) in southern Ethiopia

Adequate nutrient intake, especially of protein and micronutrients, enhances growth of children and decreases susceptibility to disease. Major contributing factors to malnutrition among infants and children are low purchasing power of the family resulting in poor quality foods. A cross-sectional and laboratory-based study was conducted at Titecha Kebele in Ethiopia to assess the consumption pattern of broad bean. The work also assessed use of broad bean for complementary feeding of young children, following FAO/WHO/UNU’s recommendation of adding up to a maximum of 40% legumes to cereal-based complementary food for young children. Study participants were mother-child pairs (n=169), and children were between 6-35 months of age. Most families were in poverty with stunting, wasting, and underweight present in 22.5, 4.7, and 8.3% of study children, respectively. Questionnaires gathered information on dietary intakes, and focus group discussions were used to obtain indepth information on the mother’s attitude and knowledge of child feeding, as well as overall consumption of broad beans. The mean dietary diversity score of children was approximately two out of a possible eight, and no child had consumed meat, fish, or vitamin A-containing fruits or vegetables the day before the study. Sixty percent of mothers did not provide bean-based food for their children, with the most frequently reported reason being lack of knowledge of its nutrient value for young children. To a typical complementary food of barley-maize porridge, 10, 20 and 30% of cereal was replaced by processed broad beans ( Vicia faba ), which increased in protein content, with no meaningful change in phytate content. Sensory evaluation showed that participant children and mothers preferred the taste of the 10% broad bean porridge; however, all added broad bean porridges had similar acceptability to the barley-maize control. Thus, inclusion of processed broad bean can effectively be done to improve nutrient content and nutrient availability of traditional cereal-based complementary foods in the Titecha kebele region of Ethiopia. Key words : legumes, pulses, phytate, Ethiopia, diversity
Chapter 11 Proteasome Inhibitors to Treat AL Amyloidosis

Amyloidoses represent a highly heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the abnormal production and accumulation of abnormal, insoluble amyloid proteins in various tissues leading to organ dysfunction. Light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis is the most common form of systemic amyloidosis and is characterized by extracellular deposi‐ tion of pathologic insoluble fibrillar proteins in organs and tissues. Primary systemic AL amyloidosis (AL) arises from the production of abnormal immunoglobulins (Igs) by clonal plasma cells, such as those associated with the plasma cell dyscrasia multiple myeloma (MM). AL amyloidosis can affect a wide range of organs, most commonly the kidneys, and consequently presents with a range of symptoms. Currently, the most effective treatment is autologous bone marrow transplants with stem cell rescue, but many patients are too weak to tolerate this approach and are ineligible. Novel therapeutic strategies recently used include forms of chemotherapy and targeted therapy similar to those used to treat MM. As a single agent, the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has notable activity in selected populations of patients with relapsed AL. Here, we discuss recent advances using proteasome inhibitors to improve the outcome of AL amyloidosis patients.
Legal and Symbolic Membership – Symbolic Boundaries and Naturalization Intentions of Turkish Residents in Germany

The lasting disenfranchisement of foreign residents presents democratic countries of immigration with a problem of legitimacy. The urge to open access to citizenship has been omnipresent in the academic debate since Walzer’s Spheres of Justice. But what if immigrants do not want to naturalize in spite of liberal access? While many researchers studied the costs and benefits of naturalization little is known about the role of symbolic membership. This paper goes beyond past approaches. Next to pragmatic reasons of citizenship acquisition it considers the relation of immigrants to the majority group. The theoretical framework is developed from empirical findings and draws on the concept of symbolic boundaries. The analysis is based on a survey of Turkish residents in the German city of Hamburg. This group gains few additional rights through naturalization. Hence, symbolic aspects of membership become vital in the decision-making process. Results confirm the relevance of rights-oriented motives connected to the legal status. Moreover, symbolic aspects of membership are shown to be crucial for naturalization intentions. This insight offers an interpretation also for the non-naturalization of eligible immigrants. The paper is embedded in a larger project, where qualitative follow-up interviews explore variant perceptions of and responses to symbolic boundaries.
Giant Infective Endocarditis of Native Aortic Valve with Secondary Mitral Kissing Vegetation

Secondary involvement of the mitral valve is well documented in primary aortic valve endocarditis. An important causative mechanism, involving both left-sided valves, is ‘mitral kissing vegetation’. This results from large aortic vegetations prolapsing into the left ventricular outflow tract and “kissing” with the ventricular surface of the anterior mitral leaflet thus causing secondary infection.
How Effective is the Buffer Zone? Linking Institutional Processes with Satellite Images from a Case Study in the Lore Lindu Forest Biosphere Reserve, Indonesia

Biosphere reserves seek to reconcile nature conservation with local development goals, for example by delineating buffer zones of sustainable resource use around core areas with primary conservation objectives. Here we evaluate buffer zone effectiveness in reducing deforestation within the Lore Lindu Biosphere Reserve in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Socio-economic and remote-sensing data were combined in an integrated approach. We applied a systematic qualitative social research design and carried out in-depth interviews with local, sub-national, and national authorities. Data collected through the interviews were used to interpret satellite images: (1) spatially, that is, forest cover change in the buffer zone versus the core area and, (2) over time, that is, forest cover change as a response to changing management regimes and socio-economic processes in the region. For this purpose a time series of LANDSAT scenes from 1972 to 2007 was used to classify homogeneous areas of forest cover to detect deforestation. According to the satellite image analysis, the buffer zone in Lore Lindu was ineffective at reducing forest cover clearing in the core area between 1972 and 2007. Since management establishment in 1998, the deforestation rate within the core area even increased fourfold. The gathered data suggest that there are three main institutional drivers to account for this ineffectiveness: (1) Low awareness of boundary demarcation among the villagers due to the lack of participation during management and boundary establishment, (2) The fall of the national president Suharto in 1998, which subsequently triggered deforestation activities in the core area, as the park was perceived to be the local branch of the national, suppressive regime, and (3) The lack of implementation of the biosphere reserve concept at the national level, which leads to unclear responsibilities in the buffer zone as the legal backing for any cooperation in the buffer zone is lacking. Although it appears that the forest status in Lore Lindu is still good compared to other regions in Indonesia, attention must be given to the protection of the core area. We thus conclude that the biosphere reserve concept needs to be strengthened in Indonesia. Its implementation at the national level, including adoption of clearly defined regulations, would substantially contribute to reducing negative impacts on biosphere reserve management through, for example, carefully designed awareness raising programs.
Demand Curves and the Pricing of Money Management

Recent studies (e.g. Gruber (1996)) conclude that a subset of investors allocates away from funds with relatively worse prospects, and toward funds with better prospects. The implication for a given fund is that good prospects increase the density of performance-sensitive investors, and bad prospects increase the density of performance-insensitive investors. Since fees come out of performance, this has a straightforward pricing implication: investors remaining in the funds with bad prospects should be charged more, whether by the same fund or by a different fund that absorbs the investors. This dynamic is apparent from several angles in a sample of retail money-funds.
A review of the role of African traditional medicine in the management of oral diseases

Background: Poverty, inadequacy of health services, shortage of health workers, infectious diseases scourges, rampant shortage of drugs and equipment in existing health facilities make traditional medicine an important component of healthcare in Africa, especially in oral health care. This review was done to document the role of African traditional medicine in oral health care delivery in order to provide a comprehensive documentation, identify research gaps, and suggest perspectives for future research. Materials and Methods: Available references or reports in English and French on the use of African traditional medicine in oral health care were consulted from published scientific journals, books, reports from national, regional and international organizations, theses, conference papers and other grey materials. Literature was searched on international online databases such as Pubmed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus and Google using the MeSH words “Traditional medicine or healer”, “oral health”, “dental caries”, “dental”, “primary oral health care’ and “medicinal plants”. Results: Contemporary African communities operate a pluralistic health system whereby highly sophisticated biomedical health care co-exists and even competes with traditional medical practices. Though most patients opt for dual consultations, the introduction of biomedicine has never replaced traditional indigenous medicine and traditional healers are consulted for several reasons making dual treatment a common occurrence in many communities. Factors such as the lack of health care workers, inequalities in the health sector due to socio-cultural and socio-economic disparities prevent people from patronising both health care systems. Therapeutic methods used by African traditional healers include herbalism, psychotherapy, simple surgical procedures, rituals and symbolism. The types of medications used by traditional healers were classified as preventive and prophylactic medications. Some practices of traditional healers included tooth extractions with medicinal plants and also in other practices resulting in exposure to blood; practices involving the use of shared instruments had been reported to be responsible for the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Other harmful practices include gemectomy, uvulectomy and different forms of infant oral mutilations. Conclusion: Traditional healers provide dental care, but their work was not integrated with that of a dentist. Traditional healers have special qualities that make them highly effective in primary oral health care therefore making them inevitable stakeholders in primary oral health care delivery. The research gaps in this review include the integration of traditional medicine into the oral health care systems of many African countries and the evaluation of the treatment outcomes of traditional medicine in dental care.
Growth and reproduction of the Indian river shad, Gudusia chapra (Clupeidae)

A b s t r a c t . The Indian river shad, Gudusia chapra, is a commercially important clupeid that contributes to subsistence and artisanal fisheries in inland waters in Bangladesh. Population parameters for this species were collected from a study of a population in a large perennial pond in Mymensingh, Bangladesh from May 2003 to April 2004. The gonado-somatic indices indicated a spawning season in spring, with a mean birth date estimated as 30 April. The growth equations, provided by three models, for males and females respectively, were: Lt = 140.42 (1- exp (-0.026 (t + 6.717))) and Lt = 145.39 (1- exp (-0.025 (t + 7.113))) for the von Bertalanffy model; Lt = 121.53 exp (-exp (-0.050 (t - 8.274))) and Lt = 124.95 exp (-exp (-0.048 (t - 8.421))) for the Gompertz model; and Lt = 114.27 / (1 + exp (-0.074 (t – 14.260))) and Lt = 117.19 / (1 +2 exp (-0.071 (t - 14.524))) for the Robertson model, where Lt is standard length (mm) at age t (weeks). Growth was best described by the von Bertalanffy growth equation for both male and female based on Chi-squared (χ 2 ) values and Akaike’s information criterion. The absolute growth rates of males were slower than that of females. The von Bertalanffy growth model expressed in terms of body weight (BW) yielded functions for males and females of: BWt = 53.63 (1- exp {-0.028 (t + 6.320))) 3 and BWt = 53.89 (1- exp (-0.023 (t + 9.215)) 3 , respectively.
Stable Models for the Distribution of Equity Capital

The distribution of capital, or equivalently, the distribution of firm size, is studied in the context of equity markets modeled in continuous time. The capital distribution is defined to be the set of market weights arranged in decreasing order, and for the market of exchange-traded U.S. stocks, this capital distribution appears to be reasonably stable over time. A model based on the continuous semimartingale representation for stock price processes is proposed, and it is shown that for a stable capital distribution in a market comprising n stocks, the model depends on 2n i 2 constant parameters. Empirical tests and simulations show that the model provides an accurate representation of the short-term dynamics of the distribution of capital in the U.S. market.
Feeling, Thinking, and Computing with Affect-Aware Learning Technologies

This chapter discusses some of the exciting research in the nascent field of affect-aware learning technologies (AALTs) – educational technologies that compute affect in addition to cognition, metacognition, and motivation. We begin by positioning AALTs in the complex ecology comprised of diverse phenomena and technologies in the cognitive, affective, learning, and computing sciences. This is followed by an overview of the major findings of a recent meta-analysis aimed at identifying a subset of learning-centered affective states that generalize across students, learning technologies, learning tasks, and experimental methodologies. We then turn our attention to the two major types of AALTs: reactive systems that respond to affect once it occurs and proactive systems that aim to induce or impede certain affective states. Affective AutoTutor, GazeTutor, and UNC-ITSpoke are presented as examples of reactive AALTs, while Crystal Island and ConfusionTutor are included as examples of proactive AALTs. Some of the open issues in the area of AALTs are discussed. These include scalability for real-world contexts, good-enough classification accuracy, and levels of analysis for affective responding. The chapter concludes by outlining two broad avenues of research for the field.
Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oils of Four Medicinal Plants Against Different Stored Grain Insect Pests

Studies were carried out to investigate the insecticidal activity of essential oils of four locally grown plants such as Datura stramonium, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Moringa oleifera and Nigella sativa against three major insect pests viz., Tribolium castaneum, Trogoderma granarium and Cryptolestes ferrugineus responsible for economic loss to stored commodities. Test insects were fumigated with concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 µl/L under laboratory conditions at 30±2°C and 65±5% relative humidity. Essential oils fumigation significantly affected the mortality at all levels of concentration and exposure periods. Among essential oils D. stramonium was found to be the most toxic against T. granarium (14.46%) and C. ferrugineus (28.49%) while N. sativa showed the highest fumigant mortality (20.06%) against T. castaneum. Overall results show that C. ferrugineus was found to be the most susceptible test insect with 23.79 % mean mortality followed by T. castaneum (17.11%) and T. granarium (12.27%). Higher mortality was found to be concentration and exposure time dependent. The results demonstrate that the essential oils of investigated plants can be used as fumigant to control insect pests of stored products.
Empirical based agent-based modeling Empirically Based , Agent-based models

There is an increasing drive to combine agent-based models with empirical methods. An overview is provided of the various empirical methods that are used for different kinds of questions. Four categories of empirical approaches are identified in which agent-based models have been empirically tested: case studies, stylized facts, role-playing games, and laboratory experiments. We discuss how these different types of empirical studies can be combined. The various ways empirical techniques are used illustrate the main challenges of contemporary social sciences: (1) how to develop models that are generalizable and still applicable in specific cases, and (2) how to scale up the processes of interactions of a few agents to interactions among many agents.
A Proposed Model of Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC) in Malaysian Context

The basic determination for this paper is to throw light on the culture general models of intercultural communication competence (ICC). Furthermore, to propose a culture general model for Malaysian context in the presence of religiosity. It is suggested by the previous researchers to refine these models by adding variables in them. Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia is hosting huge number of international students in their institutions and have plans to host maximum from the whole world. Religion is the key element of intercultural interactions in Malaysia. Therefore, a research on the international students in the context of religion would provide the better understanding and application of culture general model of ICC in Malaysian context. As well as, it will provide valuable findings that depicts to what extent the religiosity of international students enables them to be competent in intercultural communication.
Comparative Efficacy of the Conventional and Experimentally Developed Duck Plague Vaccine

The comparative efficacy between the conventional vaccine (DLS-DPV) and experimentally prepared duck plague vaccine (BAU-DPV) was evaluated in seventy-five 35-day-old Zinding breed ducklings during the period from October/02 to March/03. The ducklings were equally divided into five groups (A, B, C, D and E). Ducklings of group A and B were primarily vaccinated with 0.5 ml and 1.0 ml of DLS-DPV respectively and those of group C and D were primarily vaccinated with 0.5 ml and 1.0 ml of BAU-DPV. The ducklings of group E were kept as unvaccinated control. Five months after primary vaccination all the ducks of vaccinated groups were boosted with 1.0 ml of DLS-DPV and BAU-DPV and 21 days after booster vaccination all the ducks of vaccinated and control groups were challenged with 1ml of 10 EID of virulent 4 50 field isolate of duck plague virus (DPV). The level of immunity developed in different vaccinated groups of ducks was measured by passive hemagglutination (PHA) test. The mean PHA titre of birds of group A, B, C and D after primary vaccination were 38.4 ± 6.4, 28.8 ± 3.2, 51.2 ± 7.84 and 38.4 ± 6.4 and after booster vaccination were 153.6 ± 25.6, 76.8 ± 12.8, 358.4 ± 62.71 and 115.2 ± 12.8 respectively. Results of PHA test indicated that experimentally prepared duck plague (BAU-DPV) vaccine revealed higher immune response compared to that of the conventional (DLS-DPV) vaccine and results of the challenge experiment indicated that the mean PHA titre over 100 after booster vaccination revealed 100% protection.
Electrochemically Activated Tap Water Induced Effects of Genomic Instability in Various Living Objects In Vitro and In Vivo

Results of the study of genetic safety of drinking waters with altered physical properties, obtained after electrochemical activation are present. The effects of genomic instability were detected on standard biological models: human blood cells, cultivated with Cytochalasin B, Drosophila male gametes and mice bone marrow in dynamics of a subchronic exposure
Supercell-size convergence of formation energies and gap levels of vacancy complexes in crystalline silicon in density functional theory calculations

Results for supercell-size convergence of formation energies and charge transition levels of vacancy complexes Vn (1 n 11) in crystalline Si are reported for the ab initio density functional theory (DFT) with generalized gradient approximation (GGA) pseudopotentials. When extrapolated to the dilute limit, the formation energy of an uncharged vacancy becomes 3.74 ± 0.1 eV, and the binding energy of an uncharged divacancy becomes 1.9 ± 0.2 eV. Stable Vn clusters are built on the basis of sixfold rings (n 6) and of octahedral voids (n 7). If the well-known underestimate of the band gap by the DFT and the accuracy of extrapolations are taken into account, the extrapolated levels are in good agreement with experiment. We discuss the implications for simulation of vacancy clustering during thermal quenching, for interpretation of deep-level spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance in irradiated Si, and for cell and Brillouin-zone sampling choice when DFT-related methods beyond local-density approximation or GGA are used.
Atlas : the Enterprise Cartography Tool

The need to maintain architectural representations of enterprises is an indescribable fact nowadays given their constant need evolve. However, despite the large number of Enterprise Architecture tools available, enterprises are unable to maintain architectural models updated, given the effort it entails. Atlas is an Enterprise Architecture tool conceived to reduce the effort needed to keep architectural models updated, in enterprises where changes are constant and design occurs in a decentralized, distributed and asynchronous process using multiple design tools. Atlas uses Enterprise Cartography as the approach paradigm to be able to generate architectural views automatically from the models and information gathered from multiple sources, with a time bar allowing a seamless navigation in time, from past to future models.