Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bowtie Methodology for Risk Analysis of Visual Borescope Inspection during Aircraft Engine Maintenance

Background—The inspection of aircraft parts is critical, as a defective part has many potentially adverse consequences. Faulty parts can initiate a system failure on an aircraft, which can lead to aircraft mishap if not well managed and has the potential to cause fatalities and serious injuries of passengers and crew. Hence, there is value in better understanding the risks in visual inspection during aircraft maintenance. Purpose—This paper identifies the risks inherent in visual inspection tasks during aircraft engine maintenance and how it differs from aircraft operations. Method—A Bowtie analysis was performed, and potential hazards, threats, consequences, and barriers were identified based on semi-structured interviews with industry experts and researchers’ insights gained by observation of the inspection activities. Findings—The Bowtie diagram for visual inspection in engine maintenance identifies new consequences in the maintenance context. It provides a new understanding of the importance of certain controls in the workflow. Originality—This work adapts the Bowtie analysis to provide a risk assessment of the borescope inspection activity on aircraft maintenance tasks, which was otherwise not shown in the literature. The consequences for maintenance are also different compared to flight operations, in the way operational economics are included.
Chemical, mineral, and fatty acid compositions of various types of walnut (Juglans regia L

The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical, fatty acid, and mineral compositions of 10 types of walnut (Juglans regia L.) selected during 2010 and 2012 from the Yeşilli (Mardin) district located in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. The average values of total oil, protein, carbohydrate, and energy were 61.08–64.8%, 14.85–20.26%, 13.77–17.16%, and 686.2–710.0 Kcal, respectively. In terms of mineral composition, K was the major mineral in all samples, ranging from 534.3 to 778.6 mg 100 g. P was the next most abundant mineral, ranging from 346.0 to 584.8 mg 100 g, followed by Ca and Mg, ranging from 100.9 to 233.9 mg 100 g and from 117.8 to 181.4 mg 100 g, respectively. Saturated fatty acids levels were lower than those of other types of fatty acids. Of the identified fatty acids, linoleic acid (50.24–60.60%) was the predominant fatty acid, followed by oleic acid (20.70–28.33%) and linolenic acid (10.93–15.04%) in all types of walnut. Other fatty acids were present at trace levels.
Barriers to Teaching English for Specific Purpose among EGP Teachers in the ELI

This study, attempts to provide insights into the barriers that hinder the general English teachers in the English Language Institute at King Abdulaziz University from getting engaged in ESP teaching. The Findings of the study show that the lack of functional academic literacy and field knowledge, the lack of suitable training, the lack of course materials and the lack of ESP libraries are the main barriers to teaching ESP. The goal of this study is to facilitate the obstacles of teaching ESP and help general English teacher to cope with the emerging teaching situation by suggesting some recommendations that would be effective for overcoming these obstacles.
Two new pulsating DB Stars from the EC survey, EC 04207−4748 and EC 05221−4725

We report the discovery of pulsations in two DB stars found in the Edinburgh–Cape blue object survey. The light curve of EC 04207−4748 appears to be dominated by a strong variation at 2235 μHz (447 s) and its first overtone near 4475 μHz (223 s). Two other peaks appear in the periodograms of all three data sets for this star; near 2370 μHz (∼420 s) and 3000 μHz (∼333 s), though these are less accurately defined. EC 05221−4725 is less easy to specify with the currently available data; it appears to have one coherent frequency near 1114 μHz (898 s), but is obviously multiperiodic and probably has several more frequencies near the one clearly observed.
A Search for High-mass Protostellar Objects in Cold IRAS Sources

We present the results of CS J = 2 → 1 mapping observations toward 39 massive star-forming regions selected from the previous CO line survey of cold IRAS sources with high-velocity CO flows along the Galactic plane. All sources are detected in CS J = 2 → 1, showing the existence of CS clumps around the IRAS sources. However, one-third of the sources are not deeply embedded in the dense clumps by comparison of the central powering IRAS sources and the morphologies of CS clumps. Physical parameters of the dense molecular clumps are presented. We have identified 12 high-mass protostellar object (HMPO) candidates by checking the association between the dense cores and the IRAS sources, the detection of water maser, and the radio properties toward the IRAS sources. We find that the HMPO sources are characterized by low FIR luminosity to virial mass ratios since they are in very early evolutionary stages when the massive protostars have not reached their full luminosities, which are typical for zero-age main-sequence stars. Large turbulent motion in the HMPO sources may be largely due to the large kinetic energy ejected by the central protostars formed in the dense clumps. However, alternative means or undetected outflows may also be responsible for the turbulence in the clumps.
Top‐down versus bottom‐up attention differentially modulate frontal–parietal connectivity

The moment‐to‐moment focus of our mind's eye results from a complex interplay of voluntary and involuntary influences on attention. Previous neuroimaging studies suggest that the brain networks of voluntary versus involuntary attention can be segregated into a frontal‐versus‐parietal or a dorsal‐versus‐ventral partition—although recent work suggests that the dorsal network may be involved in both bottom‐up and top‐down attention. Research with nonhuman primates has provided evidence that a key distinction between top‐down and bottom‐up attention may be the direction of connectivity between frontal and parietal areas. Whereas typical fMRI connectivity analyses cannot disambiguate the direction of connections, dynamic causal modeling (DCM) can model directionality. Using DCM, we provide new evidence that directed connections within the dorsal attention network are differentially modulated for voluntary versus involuntary attention. These results suggest that the intraparietal sulcus exerts a baseline inhibitory effect on the frontal eye fields that is strengthened during exogenous orienting and attenuated during endogenous orienting. Furthermore, the attenuation from endogenous attention occurs even with salient peripheral cues when those cues are known to be counter predictive. Thus, directed connectivity between frontal and parietal regions of the dorsal attention network is highly influenced by the type of attention that is engaged.
Bayesian Analysis of High Dimensional Regression Models with Multiple Change-points

Existing regularization methods commonly assume that the level of sparsity or shrinkage does not change over time. As a result, many important time-varying information can be lost in the process of parameter regularization in longitudinal data analysis. We propose a general method to deal with multiple change-points in regularized regression models using the Bayesian bridge model and the hidden Markov model. We show that our hidden Markov Bayesian bridge model (HMBB) performs well in identifying time-varying signals in various simulation settings. We explain how to apply HMBB to the estimation of the heterogeneous causal effect and the heterogenous interaction effect in longitudinal data analysis.
XEN Gel stent: A Review

Over the last decade, several new surgical devices and treatment options have been developed for the management of glaucoma. Together, known as micro-invasive glaucoma surgery, they aim to provide a safer approach to glaucoma surgery. Although the early devices were used to either stent or ablate a segment of the trabecular meshwork, newer devices such as the XEN gel stent (Allergan Inc., Dublin, Ireland), offer the possibility of creating a safer, more predictable filtering bleb. Since its FDA approval in 2016, several retrospective case series and prospective studies have highlighted the efficacy of the XEN gel stent with regards IOP lowering and reduction in the need for glaucoma medications. The XEN gel stent has also been shown to have a favorable safety profile in terms of intraoperative and post-operative complications. The major concern is the need for bleb intervention in the form of needling and injection of anti-fibrotic agents. This review focuses to summarize the current knowledge on the XEN gel stent for treatment of various subtypes of glaucoma.
The Prevalence of Lumbar Paraspinal Muscle Fatty Degeneration in Patients with Modic Type I and I/II End Plate Changes

Study Design Retrospective case control. Purpose The authors of this study assessed whether the prevalence of paraspinal fatty degeneration correlates with the presence of Modic type I and I/II change in patients with low back pain (LBP). Overview of Literature Modic changes are bone marrow and end plate changes visible on magnetic resonance imaging. Methods A consecutive series of 141 patients who attended the neurosurgery outpatient clinic between April 2017 and September 2017 for nonspecific LBP were evaluated. Sixty-one patients with single-level Modic type I or I/II change constituted the patient group. Eighty age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched patients without any Modic changes were recruited as the control group. A retrospective review was performed in 61 patients with Modic changes and 80 controls without Modic changes. The percentage of fatty muscle degeneration was graded by two reviewers using T2-weighted axial images at the L4–L5 level. The system was graded as follows: grade 0, normal; grade I, minimal focal or linear fat deposition; grade II, up to 25%; grade III, 25%–50%; and grade IV, more than 50%. Results Sixty-one patients with nonspecific LBP and Modic type I or I/II change and 80 patients without Modic changes were evaluated. There was no difference between these groups in terms of age, gender, and BMI distribution. The mean muscle cross-sectional area in the patient and control groups were 1,507.37±410.63 and 1,681.64±379.69. Regarding fatty degeneration, a chi-square test of homogeneity was run, and the two multinomial probability distributions were not equal within the population analyzed. Conclusions The novel finding of this investigation is that patients with Modic type I and I/II changes have greater amounts of fatty degeneration in their lumbar paraspinal musculature.
Using Dehydrated Amniotic Membrane Skin Substitute in Facial Burns: Is there Outcome Difference Between Adults Versus Pediatric Patients.

INTRODUCTION Facial burns have significant physical and psychological effects on patients, and minimizing morbidity continues to be a challenge for reconstructive surgeons. Advancements have allowed the development of various skin substitutes. Among these, human dehydrated amniotic skin substitutes represent novel technology, yet their outcome has not been sufficiently studied to guide practice. The objective of our study is to compare the safety of amniotic membrane skin substitutes in the treatment of adult and pediatric facial burns. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective review of our institutional burn registry, with 90 burn patients meeting the inclusion criteria. Demographic and outcome measures included age, percentage of total body surface area (TBSA), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and complications (eg, pigmentation, hypertrophic scar, infection, and delayed healing). Paired sample t test and Chi-squared test were used, with significance defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS Seventy-seven adults and 13 pediatric patients with facial burns who had received dehydrated amniotic membrane skin substitutes were included in the analysis. The mean age was 40.8 years for adults and 5.6 years for children. Mean TBSA was similar, with 9.6% (1-57%) in adults and 6.0% (2-14%) in children. The mean ISS did not significantly differ between groups (4.0 versus 2.2, P = ns). Pediatric patients with facial burns treated with amniotic membranes had a higher incidence of dyspigmentation relative to adult patients (46.2% versus 9.1%, P ≤ 0.05). Remaining morbidities were not significantly different between adult and pediatric patients. All patients, irrespective of group, healed by the second post-operative week. CONCLUSION Dehydrated amniotic membrane skin substitutes are a safe alternative in the treatment of facial burns across all ages.
Cultivating Upper Secondary Students' Mathematical Reasoning-Ability and Attitude towards Mathematics Through Problem-Based Learning

This paper reports some results of a research attempted to cultivate students’ mathematical reasoning ability (MRA) by means of implementing problem-based learning (PBL) model. The population was upper secondary students of public schools in Bandung. Cluster sampling technique applied to take sample of amount 158 students from middle-level schools. Data were teacher’s assessment on students’ performance in last two months, prior mathematical knowledge (PMK) and MRA test, observations, and interview. Two-factors ANOVA then used to analyze the data. Findings showed that overall students in PBL-classroom achieved better MRA than their counterparts in conventional one though the category in both classrooms was low. Interaction between PBL and PMK factor towards MRA did not emerge. Most part of the participants viewed PBL neither positive nor negative. On the contrary, they assessed that the tasks given made and demanded them thinking and learning more actively than ever. The findings showed adopting PBL in schools to facilitate students getting their higher order thinking skills is a reasonable choice, especially schools having middle or high ability students. Keywords: problem-based learning (PBL), mathematical reasoning ability DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.22342/jme.7. 2.3542. 117-128
LINC00958 facilitates cervical cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by sponging miR‐625‐5p to upregulate LRRC8E expression

Accepted as a malignant tumor worldwide, cervical cancer (CC) has attracted much attention for its high incidence and mortality rates. Previous studies have elucidated the critical regulatory function that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert on the tumorigenesis and progression of diverse tumors. Although multiple investigations have depicted that LINC00958 has a great impact on the complex biological process of many cancers, knowledge concerning the regulatory role of LINC00958 in CC remains limited and needs to be further explored. In our study, LINC00958 expression was evidently overexpressed in CC tissues and cells. Besides this, LINC00958 negatively regulated miR‐625‐5p expression and was verified to bind with miR‐625‐5p in CC. Subsequently, it was testified by a series of experiments that LINC00958 promotes CC cell proliferation and metastasis by sponging miR‐625‐5p. Furthermore, the leucine‐rich repeat containing the eight family member E (LRRC8E) could bind with miR‐625‐5p, and its expression was negatively modulated by miR‐625‐5p, whereas positively regulated by LINC00958 in CC. Final rescue assays verified the effects of LINC0095/LRRC8E interaction and miR‐625‐5p/LRRC8E interaction on CC cell proliferation and metastasis. Collectively, LINC00958 facilitates CC cell proliferation and metastasis via the miR‐625‐5p/LRRC8E axis.
Investigating quality minus junk : the role of shorting, market beta, firm size and value in the quality minus junk anomaly

The quality factor of Asness, Frazzini and Pedersen (2013) combines several quality dimensions, identified in previous literature, into one strategy which presents an asset pricing puzzle of quality being positively correlated with prices yet very weakly describing them, and at the same time quality minus junk being significantly profitable. I document similar results by following their construction methodology and observe QMJ profits to be dominated by the short side. I find that quality and value are hedges and higher returns can be achieved by combining the two strategies. I also find evidence of a robust size effect and the beta anomaly by sorting quality within size and market beta portfolios. Lastly, I observe that a managed volatility portfolio, which limits risk exposure when volatility is high, produces a significant alpha for quality.
White Dwarf Rotation as a Function of Mass and a Dichotomy of Mode Line Widths: Kepler Observations of 27 Pulsating DA White Dwarfs through K2 Campaign 8

We present photometry and spectroscopy for 27 pulsating hydrogen-atmosphere white dwarfs (DAVs; a.k.a. ZZ Ceti stars) observed by the Kepler space telescope up to K2 Campaign 8, an extensive compilation of observations with unprecedented duration (>75 days) and duty cycle (>90%). The space-based photometry reveals pulsation properties previously inaccessible to ground-based observations. We observe a sharp dichotomy in oscillation mode line widths at roughly 800 s, such that white dwarf pulsations with periods exceeding 800 s have substantially broader mode line widths, more reminiscent of a damped harmonic oscillator than a heat-driven pulsator. Extended Kepler coverage also permits extensive mode identification: we identify the spherical degree of 87 out of 201 unique radial orders, providing direct constraints of the rotation period for 20 of these 27 DAVs, more than doubling the number of white dwarfs with rotation periods determined via asteroseismology. We also obtain spectroscopy from 4 m-class telescopes for all DAVs with Kepler photometry. Using these homogeneously analyzed spectra, we estimate the overall mass of all 27 DAVs, which allows us to measure white dwarf rotation as a function of mass, constraining the endpoints of angular momentum in low- and intermediate-mass stars. We find that 0.51–0.73 M⊙ white dwarfs, which evolved from 1.7–3.0 M⊙ ZAMS progenitors, have a mean rotation period of 35 hr with a standard deviation of 28 hr, with notable exceptions for higher-mass white dwarfs. Finally, we announce an online repository for our Kepler data and follow-up spectroscopy, which we collect at http://k2wd.org.
“One glove does not fit all” in bilingual reading acquisition: Using the age of first bilingual language exposure to understand optimal contexts for reading success

Abstract In teaching reading, educators strive to find the balance between a code-emphasis approach and a meaning-oriented literacy approach. However, little is known about how different approaches to literacy can benefit bilingual children’s early reading acquisition. To investigate the novel hypothesis that children’s age of first bilingual exposure can interact with different approaches to literacy, we tested 56 Spanish-English bilingual children (ages 7–9), with birth exposure to Spanish and either early (before age 3) or late (3–4) age of first bilingual exposure to English. The children attended reading programs identified with either phonics or whole language emphasis. Consistent with our hypothesis, differential outcomes were linked to different ages of first bilingual exposure. Early bilingual exposure to English was associated with more advanced reading abilities under whole language emphasis, while later (ages 3–4) exposure was associated with better decoding and reading abilities under phonics emphasis. The findings show that knowing the age of a child’s first bilingual language exposure, as it corresponds to different periods in child development, may contribute to an educator’s design of reading instruction that best accommodates young bilingual learners.
The Kidneys Are Quantitatively More Important than Pancreas and Gut as a Source of Guanidinoacetic Acid for Hepatic Creatine Synthesis in Sow-Reared Yucatan Miniature Piglets.

BACKGROUND Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase, necessary for the conversion of arginine (Arg) to guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), is expressed mainly in kidney and pancreas. The methylation of GAA to creatine (Cre) primarily occurs in the liver. The role of the gut in Cre homeostasis has not been characterized. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantify the contribution of kidney, pancreas, and gut as sources of GAA for Cre synthesis. METHODS Sow-reared, feed-deprived Yucatan miniature piglets (17-21 d old) were randomly assigned to acute intravenous treatments (expressed in μmol/kg/min) of: 1) Arg (4.8) + methionine (1.4) (Arg/Met), 2) Cre (0.6) with Arg/Met (Cre/Arg/Met), 3) citrulline (4.8) + methionine (1.4) (Cit/Met), or 4) alanine (6.2) (Ala). Suckling piglets were also studied. RESULTS Renal GAA release was higher during Cit/Met compared with all other treatments (53-360% higher; P < 0.01), suggesting that Cit is a better precursor than Arg for renal GAA synthesis. Kidneys contributed higher (P < 0.01) proportions of the total GAA with Cit/Met (89%) and Arg/Met (68%) treatments compared with pancreas and gut. In the suckling pigs, kidneys contributed 88% of the GAA, with the remainder released by pancreas. None of the treatments resulted in a net flux of Cre across the kidney or pancreas. In the gut, Arg/Met and Cre/Arg/Met, but not Cit/Met, resulted in a net release of Cre. Cre/Arg/Met resulted in a higher net GAA release from the gut (P < 0.0001) and pancreas (P < 0.001) (68% of total GAA produced) compared with all other treatments (<19% from both organs), perhaps because GAA not needed for creatine synthesis was subsequently released. CONCLUSIONS Cit is a better precursor than Arg for renal GAA synthesis, and kidney is the major source of GAA for Cre synthesis in neonatal piglets, but the gut also has the capacity to synthesize GAA and Cre when Arg and Met are available.
Bio-Based Coating Materials Derived from Acetoacetylated Soybean Oil and Aromatic Dicarboxaldehydes

Bio-based coating materials were prepared from epoxidized soybean oil as a renewable source. Acetoacetylated soybean oil was synthesized by the ring-opened and transesterification reaction of epoxidized soybean oil, and its chemical structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and rheometric viscosity analyses. On the basis of acetoacetylated soybean oil, several bio-based coating materials were prepared using different aromatic dicarboxaldehydes (1,2-benzenedialdehyde, 1,3-benzenedialdehyde, 1,4-phthalaldehyde, 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde) and characterized. The resulting films possess good performance, including the highest glass transition temperature of 54 °C, a Young’s modulus of 24.91 MPa, tensile strength of 5.65 MPa, and an elongation at break of 286%. Thus, this work demonstrates the Knoevenagel condensation reaction, which is based on soybean oil as a potential newer eco-friendly raw material.
Price discovery of index options when futures are limit-locked - Evidence from Taiwan

Brennan’s (1986) model suggests that price limit helps mitigate the default incentive on futures if information regarding the obscured price is not conveyed by relevant spot or option markets. This paper presents evidence for a strong information role of liquid index option during index futures limit-lock period in Taiwan. The implicit spot indexes recovered from the option premiums provided continuous, consistent and accurate price discovery of the unobserved equilibrium index. The options assumed a greater proportion of information contribution under extreme market condition, indicating the migration of price discovery from futures to options. Results imply that price limits on index futures impair information efficiency but achieve little effect in controlling default risk. Key words: Price limits, price discovery, index futures, index options, Taiwan.