Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Redescription of the mongolian sauropod nemegtosaurus mongoliensis nowinski (dinosauria: Saurischia) and comments on late cretaceous sauropod diversity

Synopsis The isolated skulls of Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis and Quaesitosaurus orientalis from the Nemegt Basin of Mongolia are among the most complete sauropod cranial remains known from the Late Cretaceous, yet their evolutionary relationships to other neosauropods have remained uncertain. Redescription of the skull of Nemegtosaurus identifies key features that link it and its closely related counterpart Quaesitosaurus to titanosaur sauropods. These include a posterolaterally orientated quadrate fossa, ‘rocker'‐like palatobasal contact, pterygoid with reduced quadrate flange and a novel basisphenoid‐quadrate contact. Other features are exclusive to Nemegtosaurus and Quaesitosaurus, such as the presence of a symphyseal eminence on the external aspect of the premaxillae, a highly vascularised tooth bearing portion of the maxilla, an enclosed ‘maxillary canal’, orbital ornamentation on the postorbital, prefrontal and frontal, exclusion of the squamosal from the supratemporal fenestra and dentary teeth smaller in diameter than premaxillary and maxillary teeth. Re‐examination of Late Cretaceous sauropod distributions in the light of this well‐supported phylogenetic hypothesis has important implications for their diversity at the end of the Mesozoic in Asia and elsewhere. Cretaceous Asian sauropod faunas consist solely of titanosauriforms, which probably migrated there from other landmasses during the Late Jurassic, during which time neosauropods were absent from Asia. Globally, narrow‐crowned titanosaurs and rebbachisaurids radiated during the Cretaceous, but only titanosaurs survived into the latest Cretaceous. These late‐surviving sauropods flourished on most continental landmasses until the end of the Maastrichtian.
Pharmacognostical studies on Dodonaea viscosa leaves

Dodonaea viscosa Jacq is a popular medicinal plant. Its leaves are used as anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-bacterial and antifungal agents and in the treatment of fractures. In view of its medicinal importance and taxonomic confusion, pharmacognostic studies, microscopical structure, morphological characters, chemical analysis and numerical values in epidermal study were carried out. These studies provided referential information for identification of this crude drug. Key words: Dodonaea viscosa, macroscopy, anatomy, ash values, extractive values, leaf constants, microscopy, phytochemical.
Evaluation of surface water quality of the Buriganga River

The Buriganga River receives partially treated sewage effluent, sewage polluted surface runoff and untreated industrial effluent from Dhaka city. This study examines the present status of surface water quality of Buriganga River at different locations in Dhaka City. The values of dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, colour, total coliforms, turbidity and ammonia were always very high over the year 2011. The maximum level of DO concentration was 3.4 mg/l, which is below the acceptable limit for surface water. Results also showed that high turbidity and low colour values were found in the rainy season while low turbidity and high colour values were found in the dry season. Moreover, the values of all parameters were always high at Buri 2 (Hazaribagh) because of the proximity of industrial sites. It is important to improve the water quality of the Buriganga River by protecting it from pollution.
Designing integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs): illegal hunting, wildlife conservation, and the welfare of the local people

This paper develops a bio-economic model to explore the effect on illegal hunting, wildlife conservation, and human welfare of the most common instruments of two different designs of Integrated Conservation and Development Projects (ICDPs) currently in existence. First, it is demonstrated that the distribution of game meat and money transfers to the local people fails if not explicitly linked to the conservation objective. Second, the analysis shows that ICDPs relying on such a link, implemented as a risk of being excluded from the project if caught in illegal hunting, may reach their goal of improved wildlife conservation and human welfare. The theoretical model is illustrated by numerical calculations using data from the Serengeti in Tanzania.
Humble Leadership:Relevance to Employees’ Creativity and Innovation Under the Consideration of Time Pressure

Creative and innovative behavior of employees became increasingly important for organizations seeking to compete in fast-moving environments where innovation increases the likelihood to gain a competitive advantage. One of the key sources of employees’ creativity is seen in successful leadership. Meanwhile, corporate scandals and the remarkable failures in moral and ethical judgment by highly visible leaders contributed to an increased focus on the topic of humility in organizational research and to the conceptualization of humble leadership - a leadership style that considers followers as equal and valuable partners. The aim of this research is to investigate humble leadership as defined by Owens and Hekman (Owens & Hekman, 2012) in an organizational context and its relevance to employees’ creativity and their innovative behavior. Time pressure is also integrated here as a contextual factor since it was found to influence the effectiveness of humble leadership (Owens & Hekman, 2012). By employing a qualitative approach, the research builds on the interviews with 16 leaders from several German organizations who have a professional background in creativity and innovation. The analysis has revealed that humble leadership is beneficial for the creativity and motivation of employees and facilitates an independent and engaged working employee. However, under time pressure leaders tend to demonstrate a less humble leadership style and incline towards more structured and intervening behavior. These findings suggest that humble leadership does not always produce beneficial outcomes but rather depends on the employees’ personality.
New Forms of Geographical Inequalities and Spatial Problems in Greece

The dynamics of the restructuring of capital over the last fifteen years produced new territorial realities. One fundamental aspect of this evolution, in the case of Greece, is the relative decrease of interregional inequalities and the strengthening and/or appearance of new intraregional disparities, A second group of developments consist of the intensification of a series of spatial organisation problems that affect both urban and nonurban areas (land-uses' conflicts, environmental conditions, traffic). As far as the future is concerned, the determinant framework of the 1990s will be the process of European unification. Although the implications of the spatial dimension (regional policy, environmental policy, projected urban policy) of the EC policies will generally be beneficial, the broader implications of the above process seem much more ambivalent. The main fields of concern are: difficulties in the participation of Greek regions in the emerging Mediterranean are of development; retardation of growth in rural areas (as a result of the new CAP) and the increase of intraregional inequalities; and aggravation of the conditions in the fields of land uses and the urban environment (because of the increasing competition between the southern European regions, and between the European cities).
Galaxy And Mass Assembly: resolving the role of environment in galaxy evolution

We present observations of 18 galaxies from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey made with the SPIRAL optical integral field unit (IFU) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The galaxies are selected to have a narrow range in stellar mass (6 × 109 0.77 Mpc−2), and 5/11 (45+15−13 per cent) galaxies in low-density environments (<0.77 Mpc−2). We find a weak but not significant relationship of the total SFRs of star-forming galaxies with environment. Due to the size of our sample and the scatter observed we do not draw a definitive conclusion about a possible SFR dependence on environment. Examining the spatial distribution of the Hα emission, we find no evidence for a change in shape or amplitude of the radial profile of star-forming galaxies with environment. If these observations are borne out in larger samples, this would infer that any environment-driven star formation suppression must either act very rapidly (the ‘infall-and-quench’ model) or that galaxies must evolve in a density-dependent manner (an ‘in situ evolution’ model).
DETERMINATION OF DEFENSE MECHANISM IN Phaseolus Trilobus Ait. SEEDLINGS TREATED UNDER UV-B RADIATION

Field studies were conducted to determine the role of defense mechanism in various parameters associated with plant protection subjected to UV-B radiation in Phaseolus trilobus Ait. commonly used as green manure and fodder. Spectrophotometric analysis showed that UV-B radiation decreases the chlorophyll content and increased the amount of UV-B absorbing compounds such as anthocyanins and flavonoids. Other UV-induced alterations included reduction in fresh weight and leaf area. However, wrinkling of leaves and increased leaf thickness was observed in UV-B treated seedlings. The antioxidant enzymes were unaffected and showed enhanced activity, except catalase in UV-B treated seedlings. These results suggest that, in general, UV-B radiation caused oxidative damage. However, plants have evolved complex mechanisms to scavenge the active oxygen species and thereby protect the cellular membrane, pigment and organelle.
Robust Dynamic Energy Use and Climate Change

We study a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model in which agents are concerned about model uncertainty regarding climate change. An externality from greenhouse gas emissions damages the economy's capital stock. We assume that the mapping from climate change to damages is subject to uncertainty, as opposed to risk, and we use robust control to study efficiency and optimal policy. We obtain a sharp analytical solution for the implied environmental externality and characterize dynamic optimal taxation. The optimal tax that restores the socially optimal allocation is Pigouvian. We study optimal output growth in the presence and in the absence of concerns about model uncertainty, and find that these can lead to substantially different conclusions regarding the optimal emissions and the optimal mix of fossil fuel. In particular, the optimal use of coal will be significantly lower on a robust path, while the optimal use of oil/gas will edge down.
PENGARUH KINERJA DOSEN DAN PELAYANAN ADMINISTRATIF TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA PADA SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU EKONOMI INDRAGIRI (STIE-I) RENGAT KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi Kepuasan Mahasiswa berdasarkan kepada Kinerja Dosen dan Pelayanan Administratif di STIE-I Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu, dengan menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan menyebarkan angket atau kuesioner kepada mahasiswa sesuai jumlah sampel yang terpilih dengan menggunakan teknik Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 95 orang melalui Rumus Slovin. Kuesioner diberikan kepada responden yaitu para mahasiswa yang mengikuti Semester Ganjil TA. 2018/2019. Setelah dilakukan analisa data diperoleh hasil bahwa Kinerja dosen dan Pelayanan Administratif secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa pada Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Kinerja Dosen secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa pada Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Pelayanan Administratif secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa pada Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Korelasi antara variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat sebesar 0,609, dan termasuk dalam kategori “Kuat”. Kepuasan Mahasiswa dijelaskan oleh Kinerja Dosen dan Pelayanan Administratif sebesar 0,371 atau 37,1 %, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 63,9 % dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti di dalam penelitian ini. Model Persamaan Regresi Linier Berganda : Y = 5,100 + 0,615X1 + 0,224X2. Ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan Kepuasan Mahasiswa ini akan didorong oleh Kinerja Dosen dan Pelayanan Administratif yang lebih baik.
New production mechanism for keV sterile neutrino Dark Matter by decays of frozen-in scalars

We propose a new production mechanism for keV sterile neutrino Dark Matter. In our setting, we assume the existence of a scalar singlet particle which never entered thermal equilibrium in the early Universe, since it only couples to the Standard Model fields by a really small Higgs portal interaction. For suitable values of this coupling, the scalar can undergo the so-called freeze-in process, and in this way be efficiently produced in the early Universe. These scalars can then decay into keV sterile neutrinos and produce the correct Dark Matter abundance. While similar settings in which the scalar does enter thermal equilibrium and then freezes out have been studied previously, the mechanism proposed here is new and represents a versatile extension of the known case. We perform a detailed numerical calculation of the DM production using a set of coupled Boltzmann equations, and we illustrate the successful regions in the parameter space. Our production mechanism notably can even work in models where active-sterile mixing is completely absent.
Functional Renormalization Group at Large N for Disordered Elastic Systems, and Relation to Replica Symmetry Breaking

We study the replica field theory which describes the pinning of elastic manifolds of arbitrary internal dimension d in a random potential, with the aim of bridging the gap between mean field and renormalization theory. The full effective action is computed exactly in the limit of large embedding space dimension N . The second cumulant of the renormalized disorder obeys a closed self-consistent equation. It is used to derive a Functional Renormalization Group (FRG) equation valid in any dimension d, which correctly matches the Balents Fisher result to first order in ǫ = 4 d. We analyze in detail the solutions of the large-N FRG for both long-range and short-range disorder, at zero and finite temperature. We find consistent agreement with the results of Mezard Parisi (MP) from the Gaussian variational method (GVM) in the case where full replica symmetry breaking (RSB) holds there. We prove that the cusplike non-analyticity in the large N FRG appears at a finite scale, corresponding to the instability of the replica symmetric s olution of MP. We show that the FRG exactly reproduces, for any disorder correlator and with no need to invoke Parisi’s spontaneous RSB, the non-trivial result of the GVM for small overlap. A formula is found yielding the complete RSB solution for all overlaps. Since our saddle-point equations for the effective action contai n both the MP equations and the FRG, it can be used to describe the crossover from FRG to RSB. A qualitative analysis of this crossover is given, as well as a comparison with previous attempts to relate FRG to GVM. Finally, we discuss applications to other problems and new perspectives.
An Investigation on the Critical Factors of Information System Implementation in Jordanian Information Technology Companies

Current modern life styles, huge amount of the data available and the increased complexity of software products made IT projects extremely challenging projects. In Jordan, IT projects play a significant role in the country's economy. Unfortunately, high percentages of IT projects are considered to be failed or challenging projects. To avoid project failure, success factors must be maintained and enhanced. This study aims to provide a clear definition of critical success factors in IT projects in Jordan, and to explore the differences in the attitudes of project managers and CEO towards such factors.A structured questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 118 CEOs and project managers. A total number of 90 completely filled questionnaires were returned. A quantitative data analysis has been conducted for the 18 success factors using SPSS software and Excel program. The study revealed that the majority of IT companies in Jordan have a success rate of 75%. Moreover the study implied that project managers are considered to be the most responsible part for project success. In these organizations, the usage of web applications and Email dominated the list of information transfer methods. According to t-test paired result, there is a clear agreement between the two groups (CEOs and Project Managers) on the critical success factors' importance in IT projects in the Jordanian organization. The study recommends highly giving attention to technical concerns in projects and product quality, highly focusing on project management concepts and effective regulations. Furthermore, effective communication between all project stakeholders and minimal customization of the systems introduced are highly recommended by the study. Keywords: Information System, Information Technology, CEOs, Project Managers
Precise Time Delays from Strongly Gravitationally Lensed Type Ia Supernovae with Chromatically Microlensed Images

Time delays between the multiple images of strongly gravitationally lensed Type Ia supernovae (glSNe Ia) have the potential to deliver precise cosmological constraints, but the effects of microlensing on time delay extraction have not been studied in detail. Here we quantify the effect of microlensing on the glSN Ia yield of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and the effect of microlensing on the precision and accuracy of time delays that can be extracted from LSST glSNe Ia. Microlensing has a negligible effect on the LSST glSN Ia yield, but it can be increased by a factor of ∼2 over previous predictions to 930 systems using a novel photometric identification technique based on spectral template fitting. Crucially, the microlensing of glSNe Ia is achromatic until three rest-frame weeks after the explosion, making the early-time color curves microlensing-insensitive time delay indicators. By fitting simulated flux and color observations of microlensed glSNe Ia with their underlying, unlensed spectral templates, we forecast the distribution of absolute time delay error due to microlensing for LSST, which is unbiased at the sub-percent level and peaked at 1% for color curve observations in the achromatic phase, while for light-curve observations it is comparable to state-of-the-art mass modeling uncertainties (4%). About 70% of LSST glSN Ia images should be discovered during the achromatic phase, indicating that microlensing time delay uncertainties can be minimized if prompt multicolor follow-up observations are obtained. Accounting for microlensing, the 1–2 day time delay on the recently discovered glSN Ia iPTF16geu can be measured to 40% precision, limiting its cosmological utility.
The analysis of undiagnosed malignancies

Among the pathology methods autopsy is also a valuable tool in evaluating diagnostic accuracy in oncology. Malignancies are undiagnosed due to the lack of some laboratory investigations, the absence of specific symptoms of cancers and the delayed treatment of them. The aim is to analyze the reasons and the structure of undiagnosed malignancies in order to review the failure of their detection during the person’s life and the hyper diagnosis of tumours in some hospitals of Riga (Latvia) in adults and children.
A review of the time management literature

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide an overview for those interested in the current state‐of‐the‐art in time management research.Design/methodology/approach – This review includes 32 empirical studies on time management conducted between 1982 and 2004.Findings – The review demonstrates that time management behaviours relate positively to perceived control of time, job satisfaction, and health, and negatively to stress. The relationship with work and academic performance is not clear. Time management training seems to enhance time management skills, but this does not automatically transfer to better performance.Research limitations/implications – The reviewed research displays several limitations. First, time management has been defined and operationalised in a variety of ways. Some instruments were not reliable or valid, which could account for unstable findings. Second, many of the studies were based on cross‐sectional surveys and used self‐reports only. Third, very little attention was g.
Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of novel 10B carrier ((2R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)boronic acid

Objective: Although surgery and chemotherapy have been greatly successful in the treatment of many types of tumors, these treatment modalities have some limitations. In particular, the side effects of conventional radiotherapy warrant the development of new therapy methods, such as Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). In the present study, the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of novel synthesized boron carrier, ((2R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)boronic acid (10BDG), and the apoptotic pathways triggered by 10BDG were examined. Material and Methods: As it defined previously, 10BDG was complexed through a low-high pH reaction and was tested using a Fournier Transform InfraRed-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) spectrophotometer. The cytotoxicity of 10BDG was tested through the MTT assay. The detection of caspases 3, 8, and 9 was performed to determine the activated apoptotic pathways by 10BDG. The Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) cleavage and DNA damage induced by this compound were tested through western blot and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Results: The average LogIC50 and LogLD50 levels of 10BDG over NCI-H209 cell line were to be found 72.1±10 ug/ml and 171.8±25 mg/kg, respectively. Caspase-9 activation, caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and caspase-3-dependent DNA fragmentation were observed. The genotoxicity analysis was performed using the plasmid fragmentation assay, which revealed the absence of fragmentation. Conclusion: Bio-distrubition analysis showed that boron content was elevated to 12.63 from 4.44 ppm in the tumor tissue by the 10BDG injections. In epitome, 10BDG exhibit slight cytotoxic but no genotoxic properties. Based on the antiproliferative properties of 10BDG, in addition to acting as an adjuvant in cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy, this compound appears to be an alternative boron carrier for BNCT
Advertising and U. S. Nonalcoholic Beverage Demand

As a first effort at modeling nonalcoholic beverage demand in a systemwide framework that includes bottled water, this article examines the impact of advertising on the demand for nonalcoholic beverages in the United States. We employed an AIDS (almost ideal demand system) model of five jointly estimated equations that included advertising expenditures as explanatory variables to evaluate annual U. S. consumption of nonalcoholic beverages for 1974 through 2005. Results suggest that advertising increases demand for fluid milk, soft drinks, and coffee and tea, but not for juice or bottled water. Advertising spillover effects occur in over 50 percent of the cases considered, and such effects can be substantial, particularly for advertising of soft drinks, and coffee and tea. We find that a large increase in the retail price of fluid milk, an increasing trend towards dining out, and positive spillover effects from soft-drink advertising made significant contributions to bottled water's success in recent years.