Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Generation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Corneal Endothelial Cells by Directed Differentiation

Aim To generate human embryonic stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells (hESC-CECs) for transplantation in patients with corneal endothelial dystrophies. Materials and Methods Feeder-free hESC-CECs were generated by a directed differentiation protocol. hESC-CECs were characterized by morphology, expression of corneal endothelial markers, and microarray analysis of gene expression. Results hESC-CECs were nearly identical morphologically to primary human corneal endothelial cells, expressed Zona Occludens 1 (ZO-1) and Na+/K+ATPaseα1 (ATPA1) on the apical surface in monolayer culture, and produced the key proteins of Descemet’s membrane, Collagen VIIIα1 and VIIIα2 (COL8A1 and 8A2). Quantitative PCR analysis revealed expression of all corneal endothelial pump transcripts. hESC-CECs were 96% similar to primary human adult CECs by microarray analysis. Conclusion hESC-CECs are morphologically similar, express corneal endothelial cell markers and express a nearly identical complement of genes compared to human adult corneal endothelial cells. hESC-CECs may be a suitable alternative to donor-derived corneal endothelium.
[Chronic renal failure in children in Yugoslavia].

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to analyse the demographic variables of chronic non-terminal (CRF) and terminal (TRF) renal failure patients (pts) younger than 19 years treated in Serbia in June 2001. The prevalence of CRF pts was registered as 4.7 per million total population (pmtp) or 14.1 per million child population (pmcp) while corresponding values for TRF pts were 4.5 pmtp or 13.5 pmcp. The incidence of TRF pts during the period Jan. 2000-Jan. 2002 was 4.35 pmcp. Boys dominated only among CRF pts (34:14); 60.4% being between the ages of 6 and 19 yrs while at the time of diagnosis of HBI, 33.3% of boys were yanger than 2 yrs. The causes of CRF were: reflux nephropathy 58.3%, congenital kidney disease 16.7%, familial/hereditary 14.6%, glomerulonephritis 6.2% and Willms tu 4.1%. Reflux nephropathy was also the most common underlying disease of TRF accounted for 36.9% of total cases, while glomerulonephritis was responsible for 23.9%. Reflux nephropathy was associated with neural tube defect in 53.3% and with congenital lower urinary tract obstruction in 66.7%. The most of CRF (81.25%) and TRF pts (95.6%) were from Serbia, the others were from Monte Negro and Republic Srpska. The most of CRF (65%) and TRF (80%) pts were treated in University Children's Hospital in Belgrade. Of CRF pts 46% had serum creatinine 100-200 mumol/l, in 11% of pts it was 400-600 mumol/l and 2% of pts were in pre-terminal CRF. One third of CRF pts had proteinuria 150-500 mg/l, and second third had proteinuria greater of 1000 mg/l. Anemia was present in 54% of CRf pts, and arterial hypertension in 56%. Hemodialysis was dominant treatment modality for TRF pts and only 23.9% had functioning transplant. CONCLUSION This is the first national study of demographic characteristics of pediatric CRF in Serbia. Since its prevalence is considerably lower than that in Western and North European countries the true prevalence is some what higher. The increasing incidence of pediatric TRF from 2.85 pmcp to 4.35 pmcp reflect better diagnosis and treatment of these patients in the recent years.
Precision medicine of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia

ABSTRACT Introduction: Precision medicine provides individualized treatment of diseases through leveraging patient-to-patient variation. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage carries tremendous morbidity and mortality with cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia proving devastating and unpredictable. Lack of treatment measures for these conditions could be improved through precision medicine. Areas covered: Discussed are the pathophysiology of CV and DCI, treatment guidelines, and evidence for precision medicine used for prediction and prevention of poor outcomes following aSAH. A PubMed search was performed using keywords cerebral vasospasm or delayed cerebral ischemia and either biomarkers, precision medicine, metabolomics, proteomics, or genomics. Over 200 peer-reviewed articles were evaluated. The studies presented cover biomarkers identified as predictive markers or therapeutic targets following aSAH. Expert commentary: The biomarkers reviewed here correlate with CV, DCI, and neurologic outcomes after aSAH. Though practical use in clinical management of aSAH is not well established, using these biomarkers as predictive tools or therapeutic targets demonstrates the potential of precision medicine.
Analysis and determination of mechanical bearing load caused by unbalanced magnetic pull

One common mechanical fault in electrical drives applied to industrial processes are related to bearing damage [1]. These faults can be brought forward by mechanical and thermal stress during the operation. This paper focuses on the radial electromagnetic forces, which are known as static and dynamic unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP), caused by rotor eccentricities. In particular in this paper the interaction of the rotor position and the amplitude of the static and dynamic eccentricity, the slot harmonics and saturation effects in the entire operational range of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) are studied.
Congenital joint laxity and dwarfism: A feed-associated congenital anomaly of beef calves in Canada.

Five feeding trials were performed on three ranches to determine if a distinctive, recurring, congenital anomaly in beef calves was associated with feeding clover or grass silage without supplementation to pregnant cows overwinter. The anomaly, termed congenital joint laxity and dwarfism, was characterized at birth by generalized joint laxity, disproportionate dwarfism, and occasionally, superior brachygnathia. The anomaly had been documented for several consecutive years on these ranches and affected 2-46% of the calf crop.Pregnant cows were divided randomly into feeding groups, and the number of abnormal calves in each group was tabulated. Supplementation of the overwinter grass/clover silage diet with hay (2.5-4.5 kg/head/day) and rolled barley (0.75-1.5 kg/head/day) eliminated the problem. Supplementation of grain, without hay, was not as effective. Varying the proportions of grass and clover in the silage, and the age of the silage, did not alter the teratogenic potency of silage. Vitamin D(3) supplementation did not reduce the risk of the condition. The definitive cause of congenital joint laxity and dwarfism was not determined.
Optimal Proofs of Determinacy

In this paper I shall present a method for proving determinacy from large cardinals which, in many cases, seems to yield optimal results. One of the main applications extends theorems of Martin, Steel and Woodin about determinacy within the projective hierarchy. The method can also be used to give a new proof of Woodin's theorem about determinacy in L(ℝ). The reason we look for optimal determinacy proofs is not only vanity. Such proofs serve to tighten the connection between large cardinals and descriptive set theory, letting us bring our knowledge of one subject to bear on the other, and thus increasing our understanding of both. A classic example of this is the Harrington-Martin proof that -determinacy implies -determinacy. This is an example of a transfer theorem, which assumes a certain determinacy hypothesis and proves a stronger one. While the statement of the theorem makes no mention of large cardinals, its proof goes through 0#, first proving that -determinacy ⇒ 0# exists, and then that 0# exists ⇒ -determinacy More recent examples of the connection between large cardinals and descriptive set theory include Steel's proof that AD L(ℝ) ⇒ HOD L(ℝ) ⊨ GCH, see [9], and several results of Woodin about models of AD+, a strengthening of the axiom of determinacy AD which Woodin has introduced. These proofs not only use large cardinals, but also reveal a deep, structural connection between descriptive set theoretic notions and notions related to large cardinals.
Immobilization induces anabolic resistance in human myofibrillar protein synthesis with low and high dose amino acid infusion

We tested the hypothesis that increasing blood amino acid (AA) availability would counter the physical inactivity‐induced reduction in muscle protein synthesis. We determined how 14 days of unilateral knee immobilization affected quadriceps myofibrillar protein synthesis (MPS) in young healthy subjects (10 men, 2 women, 21 ± 1 years; 80.2 ± 4.0 kg, mean ±s.e.m.) in the post‐absorptive state and after infusing AA (10% Primene) at low or high doses (43 and 261 mg kg−1 h−1). Muscle cross‐sectional area (MRI) and peak isometric torque declined in the immobilized leg (−5.0 ± 1.2% and −25 ± 3%, respectively, both P < 0.005), but were unchanged (all P > 0.6) in the non‐immobilized leg. Immobilization induced a 27% decline in the rate of post‐absorptive MPS (immobilized, 0.027 ± 0.003: non‐immobilized, 0.037 ± 0.003% h−1; P < 0.001). Regardless of dose, AA infusion stimulated a greater rise in MPS in the non‐immobilized legs; at 4 h MPS was greater by +54 ± 12% with low dose and +68 ± 17% with high dose AA infusion (both P < 0.001). There was some evidence of delayed responsiveness of phosphorylation of Akt to high doses of AA and p70S6k at both doses but no marked differences in that of mTOR, GSK3β or eEF2. Phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (Tyr576/577) was reduced (P < 0.05) with immobilization. We observed no change in polyubiquitinated protein content after immobilization. We confirm that 14 days of immobilization reduces MPS in the post‐absorptive state and this diminution is reduced but not abolished by increased provision of AA, even at high rates. The immobilization‐induced decline in post‐absorptive MPS with the ‘anabolic resistance’ to amino acids can account for much of immobilization‐induced muscle atrophy.
Measurement of object relations : a review.

Although object relations theories are increasingly prominent in the psychoanalytic and psychotherapeutic literature, efforts to study these phenomena empirically remain in their infancy. Researchers interested in studying intrapsychic processes have nonetheless attempted to assess levels of object relatedness, and several reports have documented both construct and predictive validity. This literature is reviewed, with special emphasis on the difficulties involved in the development of assessment instruments. The author summarizes reliability and validity data on the most widely used instruments in an effort to provide general guidelines for researchers interested in developing strategies for measuring object relations.
Racial Perceptions and Evaluative Responses to Welfare: Does Education Attenuate Race‐of‐Target Effects?

A growing body of research indicates that welfare attitudes may be strongly shaped by negative perceptions of Blacks. This raises questions about what might inhibit the racialization of welfare attitudes. In this vein, a long line of work indicating that education leads to increased tolerance suggests that the relationship between negative racial perceptions and welfare attitudes may be weaker among the highly educated. However, recent studies suggest that the role of education may be more complex: While negative racial perceptions may be less prevalent among the highly educated, the relationship between these perceptions and policy attitudes appears to be stronger among highly educated individuals. The present study attempts to extend this finding by examining the hypothesis that the presence of a racial cue would be more (rather than less) likely to strengthen the relationship between negative racial perceptions and evaluative responses to welfare among collegeeducated Whites. Data from a survey-based experiment included in the 1991 National Race and Politics Study provided a clear pattern of support for this hypothesis.
A visual M170 effect of morphological complexity

Recent masked priming studies on visual word recognition have suggested that morphological decomposition is performed prelexically, purely on the basis of the orthographic properties of the word form. Given this, one might expect morphological complexity to modulate early visual evoked activity in electromagnetic measures. We investigated the neural bases of morphological decomposition with magnetoencephalography (MEG). In two experiments, we manipulated morphological complexity in single word lexical decision without priming, once using suffixed words and once using prefixed words. We found that morphologically complex forms display larger amplitudes in the M170, the same component that has been implicated for letterstring and face effects in previous MEG studies. Although letterstring effects have been reported to be left-lateral, we found a right-lateral effect of morphological complexity, suggesting that both hemispheres may be involved in early analysis of word forms.
Concentration-Dependent Patterns of Leucine Incorporation by Coastal Picoplankton

ABSTRACT Coastal pelagic environments are believed to feature concentration gradients of dissolved organic carbon at a microscale, and they are characterized by pronounced seasonal differences in substrate availability for the heterotrophic picoplankton. Microbial taxa that coexist in such habitats might thus differ in their ability to incorporate substrates at various concentrations. We investigated the incorporation patterns of leucine in four microbial lineages from the coastal North Sea at concentrations between 0.1 and 100 nM before and during a spring phytoplankton bloom. Community bulk incorporation rates and the fraction of leucine-incorporating cells in the different populations were analyzed. Significantly fewer bacterial cells incorporated the amino acid before (13 to 35%) than during (23 to 47%) the bloom at all but the highest concentration. The incorporation rate per active cell in the prebloom situation was constant above 0.1 nM added leucine, whereas it increased steeply with substrate concentration during the bloom. At both time points, a high proportion of members of the Roseobacter clade incorporated leucine at all concentrations (55 to 80% and 86 to 94%, respectively). In contrast, the fractions of leucine-incorporating cells increased substantially with substrate availability in bacteria from the SAR86 clade (8 to 31%) and from DE cluster 2 of the Flavobacteria-Sphingobacteria (14 to 33%). The incorporation patterns of marine Euryarchaeota were between these extremes (30 to 56% and 48 to 70%, respectively). Our results suggest that the contribution of microbial taxa to the turnover of particular substrates may be concentration dependent. This may help us to understand the specific niches of coexisting populations that appear to compete for the same resources.
Screening and Isolation of the Soil Bacteria for Ability to Produce Antibiotics

Antibiotic is one of the most important commercially exploited secondary metabolites produced by bacteria and employed in a wide range. Most of the antibiotics used today are from the microbes. Bacteria are easy to isolate, culture, maintain and to improve their strain. Bacillus species being the predominant soil bacteria because of their resistant endospore formation and production of vital antibiotic like bacitracin etc. are always found inhibiting the growth of the other organisms. In the present research study, soil bacteria with the antibiotic activity was screened and isolated. The media used in this research was nutrient agar medium. 1g of the soil samples were dissolved in 10ml of sterile water to make soil suspensions. Portion of the suspensions were inoculated on the nutrient agar by streaking and were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. After which colonies with a clear zone of inhibition were observed. The bacteria isolated were; Bacillus lentus, Micrococcus roseus, Bacillus alvei, Enterobcteraerogene and Bacillus pumillus. The inhibitory activities of the isolated microorganisms were checked against some of the important opportunistic microflora like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas species.
Subcellular Localization of Oxygen Defense Enzymes in Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) Root Nodules

Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) root nodules contain the enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione pathway to minimize oxidative damage. In the present study, fractionation and immunocytochemistry were used to determine the subcellular location of the enzymes of this pathway. All four enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase) were present in the soluble fraction from nodule plant cells and in isolated mitochondria. No activity was detected in peroxisomes. Bacteroids contained glutathione reductase but not the other enzymes of this pathway. Immunogold localization indicated that ascorbate peroxidase was present in the cytosol of infected and uninfected cells but not in the peribacteroid space. Results of immunogold and immunofluorescence studies indicated that monodehydroascorbate reductase was located primarily in the cell wall, suggesting that ascorbate regeneration in the cytoplasm may proceed primarily through the action of dehydroascorbate reductase. The possible roles of monodehydroascorbate reductase in cell wall metabolism are discussed.
TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTIONS IN CHICKENS FROM VENEZUELA: ISOLATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION, AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION

The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. The prevalence of T. gondii in 46 free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) from Venezuela was determined. Antibodies to T. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies were found in 16 (32%) chickens with titers of 1:5 in 1, 1:10 in 2, 1:40 in 2, 1:80 in 2, 1:160 in 2, 1:320 in 3, 1: 640 in 2, and 1:1,280 or higher in 2. Hearts, pectoral muscles, and brains of 13 chickens with MAT titers of 1:40 or more were bioassayed individually in mice. Tissues of each of 3 chickens with titers of 1:5 or 1:10 were pooled and bioassayed in mice. Tissues from the remaining 30 seronegative chickens were pooled and fed to 1 T. gondii-free cat. Feces of the cat were examined for oocysts; it did not shed oocysts. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 12 of 13 chickens with MAT titers of 1:40 or more. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from pooled tissues of 1 of 2 chickens with titers of 1:10. Eight of these 13 isolates were virulent for mice. Genotyping of 13 of these isolates using the SAG2 locus indicated that 10 were type III, and 3 were type II. Phenotypically and genetically these isolates were different from T. gondii isolates from North America and Brazil. This is the first report of isolation of T. gondii from chickens from Venezuela.
Education and fertility: implications for the roles women occupy.

The interplay between education and fertility has a significant influence on the roles women occupy, when in their life cycle they occupy these roles, and the length of time spent in these roles. The overall inverse relationship between education and fertility is well known; but little is known about the theoretical and empirical basis of this relationship. This paper explores the theoretical linkages between education and fertility and examines the relationships between the 2 at 3 stages in the life cycle. It is found that the reciprocal relationship between education and age at 1st birth is dominated by the effect from education to age at 1st birth with only a trivial effect in the other direction. Once the process of childbearing has begun, education has essentially no direct effect on fertility; but it has a large indirect effect through age at 1st birth.
Emotion and Behavior: A General Factor of Personality From the EAS Temperament Survey and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire

The mothers of 603 pairs of 3- to 13-year-old twins in Korea completed the Emotionality, Activity, Sociability (EAS) Temperament Survey and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in reference to their twins. Principal factor analysis of the seven scales comprising these measures yielded a general factor on which all the scales had moderate to large loadings. Univariate behavioral genetic analyses showed that individual differences on this general factor could best be accounted for by additive genetic and non-shared environmental effects, with a heritability of 53%. The results strengthen the construct validity of the general factor of personality (GFP) by extracting this higher-order dimension from disparate measures, and have implications regarding social desirability criticisms applied to the GFP theory.
THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS Hyperglycemia repression of miR-24 coordinately upregulates endothelial cell expression and secretion of von Willebrand factor

In conjunction with the rising incidence of obesity, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly increasing. Globally, the prevalence of DM is estimated to increase from 382 million individuals in 2013 to 592 million individuals by 2035 and is mainly attributable to type 2 DM (T2DM), which represents;90% to 95%of all cases. At present, . 27.9 million Americans (11.8% of total population) have DM (diagnosed and undiagnosed), and . 90 million (38.2%) have prediabetes (abnormal fasting glucose). Within the vasculature, DM impairs endothelial cell function and induces platelet hyperactivity. As such, DM serves as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke, with more than half of all diabetic patients dying fromcardiovascular-related thrombosis (acute coronary syndrome or cerebrovascular event). Despite such pervasiveness, the underlying mechanisms for the thrombotic complications in DM are not fully understood. von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a key blood component that initiates thrombosis and is highly predictive of adverse thrombotic cardiovascular events in DM patients. Expressed in endothelial cells andmegakaryocytes (platelet precursor cells), VWF plays a crucial role in maintaining normal hemostasis and contributes to thrombotic disorders following endothelial and platelet dysfunction. VWF is a large multidomain plasma glycoprotein that is critical for normal platelet tethering during hemostasis. In response to blood shear forces, VWF unfolds from its inactive globular conformation into an active string-like form that can specifically recruit platelets. The multimeric size of VWF is a primary determinant of its platelet-tethering function and is proteolytically regulated by the plasma metalloprotease ADAMTS13, which is responsible for the degradation of large, thrombogenic VWF multimers. The importance of ADAMTS13 in maintaining the balance of VWF multimeric size is illustrated by its role in a number of hematologic disorders, including (1) the idiopathic form of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a blood-clotting disorder in which antibodymediated inhibition or congenital deficiency of ADAMTS13 causes spontaneous platelet aggregation via accumulation of uncleaved ultralarge high-molecular-weight VWFmultimers and (2) some cases of vonWillebrand disease, type 2A, inwhichVWF ismore rapidly cleaved by ADAMTS13, resulting in a bleeding phenotype. Given the importance of VWF in regulation of thrombosis, the molecular mechanism regulating VWF expression and secretion, particularly in DM patients, remains unexplored.