Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Putting Yourself on the Line: Self-Esteem and Expressing Affection in Romantic Relationships

Although expressing affection is an important way to connect to a romantic partner, it also involves putting yourself on the line—revealing dependence on your partner. Extending the risk-regulation model, we hypothesized that individuals with lower self-esteem (SE), who are concerned about vulnerability in relationships, experience less rewarding reactions to expressing affection, and believe that their partners respond less positively to receiving affection. We assessed these predictions across two studies that measured retrospective reports, reactions to an in vivo exchange and responses in daily life. We found that participants with lower SE expressed less affection and experienced less positive emotional, cognitive, and physiological reactions when doing so. Participants with lower SE believed that their partners derived fewer benefits from their affection despite that their partners experienced normative boosts in positive emotion and relationship satisfaction during these exchanges. The consequences of these findings for relationship functioning and SE are discussed.
Current Noise and AC Response of a Back-Gated Single-Molecule Junction

Current noise and ac response properties of single-molecule junctions (SMJs) are essential for their potential application as nanoscale electron devices. We first study I-V characteristics of electronic transport through a back-gated benzene-type SMJ based on the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism within a tight-binding model, and then present analytical expressions and numerical calculations for current noises and ac conductances of the SMJ. We show that the noise power density in the high-frequency region is independent of the applied bias voltage, and will be significantly suppressed and have dip structures at the frequencies where electron transitions from the occupied molecular states to the unoccupied ones are excited. It is found that both the bias voltage and the back-gate voltage can affect current noise spectra and ac conductances drastically in the low-frequency region. The low-frequency part of the ac conductance can be enhanced by applying a bias voltage, but an opposite behavior with suppression of conductances is observed for the system without the particle-hole symmetry. AC conductances for the source and the drain leads also show distinct characteristics for this SMJ system. It is expected that our results will provide some bases for the ac application of SMJ nanodevices.
A control theoretical approach to non-intrusive geo-replication for cloud services

Complete data center failures may occur due to disastrous events such as earthquakes or fires. To attain robustness against such failures and reduce the probability of data loss, data must be replicated in another data center sufficiently geographically separated from the original data center. Implementing geo-replication is expensive as every data update operation in the original data center must be replicated in the backup. Running the application and the replication service in parallel is cost effective but creates a trade-off between potential replication consistency and data loss and reduced application performance due to network resource contention. We model this trade-off and provide a control-theoretical solution based on Model Predictive Control to dynamically allocate network bandwidth to accommodate the objectives of both replication and application data streams. We evaluate our control solution through simulations emulating the individual services, their traffic flows, and the shared network resource. The MPC solution is able to maintain a consistent performance over periods of persistent overload, and is quickly able to indiscriminately recover once the system return to a stable state. Additionally, the MPC balances the two objectives of consistency and performance according to the proportions specified in the objective function.
Interdisciplinary Collaborator Recommendation Based on Research Content Similarity

SUMMARY Most existing methods on research collaborator recommendation focus on promoting collaboration within a speciﬁc discipline and exploit a network structure derived from co-authorship or co-citation information. To ﬁnd collaboration opportunities outside researchers’ own ﬁelds of expertise and beyond their social network, we present an interdisciplinary collaborator recommendation method based on research content similarity. In the proposed method, we calculate textual features that re-ﬂect a researcher’s interests using a research grant database. To ﬁnd the most relevant researchers who work in other ﬁelds, we compare constructing a pairwise similarity matrix in a feature space and exploiting existing social networks with content-based similarity. We present a case study at the Graduate University for Advanced Studies in Japan in which actual collaborations across departments are used as ground truth. The re-sults indicate that our content-based approach can accurately predict interdisciplinary collaboration compared with the conventional collaboration network-based approaches.
On-The-Job Training and Adjustment to Technological Change

In the absence of technological change, on-the-job training takes place in the process of production. When change occurs, training also takes place in the process of innovation, installation, and debugging of new equipment. Analytically, training, production, and innovations should be viewed as joint products of a single process. The joint product, single process relationship entrains mechanisms which act to prevent structural imbalances in the labor market. The relationship also suggests that imbalances are unlikely to appear as job vacancies matched by workers unemployed but unqualified to fill the vacant jobs. Finally, the nature of on-the-job training and its role in adjustments to technological change suggests new interpretations of labor productivity and job vacancy data.
Ascites, refractory ascites and hyponatremia in cirrhosis

Abstract Ascites is the most common complication related to cirrhosis and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Ascites is a consequence of the loss of compensatory mechanisms to maintain the overall effective arterial blood volume due to worsening splanchnic arterial vasodilation as a result of clinically significant portal hypertension. In order to maintain effective arterial blood volume, vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic pathways are activated, which increase overall sodium and fluid retention. As a result of progressive splanchnic arterial vasodilation, intestinal capillary pressure increases and results in the formation of protein-poor fluid within the abdominal cavity due to increased capillary permeability from the hepatic sinusoidal hypertension. In some patients, the fluid can translocate across diaphragmatic fenestrations into the pleural space, leading to hepatic hydrothorax. In addition, infectious complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis can occur. Eventually, as the liver disease progresses related to higher portal pressures, loss of a compensatory cardiac output and further splanchnic vasodilation, kidney function becomes compromised from worsening renal vasoconstriction as well as the development of impaired solute-free water excretion and severe sodium retention. These mechanisms then translate into significant clinical complications, such as refractory ascites, hepatorenal syndrome and hyponatremia, and all are linked to increased short-term mortality. Currently, liver transplantation is the only curative option for this spectrum of clinical manifestations but ongoing research has led to further insight on alternative approaches. This review will further explore the current understanding on the pathophysiology and management of ascites as well as expand on two advanced clinical consequences of advanced liver disease, refractory ascites and hyponatremia.
Child care and common communicable illnesses in children aged 37 to 54 months.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between experience in child care and communicable illnesses (gastrointestinal tract infection, upper respiratory tract infection, and otitis media) in children aged 37 months to 54 months with particular focus on the effect of entry into child care after age 3 years. DESIGN Health, child care, and family data were obtained from more than 1100 participants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care, a 10-site prospective study that began at birth. Longitudinal logistic regression analyses were performed using each type of communicable illness as the outcome variable, with family, child, and child care variables as predictors in the model. RESULTS For children aged 37 to 54 months, rates of upper respiratory tract illness, gastrointestinal tract illness, and ear infections were higher in those enrolled in child care arrangements with more than 6 children. During this period, children with experience in large-group care prior to age 3 years were less likely to be ill than children who entered child care for the first time after age 3 years. Even so, their rates were still higher than for those in small-group care or who were cared for at home between the ages of 37 and 54 months. Reported rates of respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract illnesses were higher for European American than African American children. Number of hours per week in child care was not a factor. CONCLUSION Children in child care arrangements with more than 6 other children experience more bouts of upper respiratory tract illness between the ages of 37 and 54 months.
Ensiling Corn Stover: Effect of Feedstock Preservation on Particleboard Performance

Ensilage is a truncated solid‐state fermentation in which anaerobically produced organic acids accumulate to reduce pH and limit microbial activity. Ensilage can be used to both preserve and pretreat biomass feedstock for further downstream conversion into chemicals, fuels, and/or fiber products. This study examined the ensilage of enzyme‐treated corn stover as a feedstock for particleboard manufacturing. Corn stover at three different particle size ranges (<100, <10, and <5 mm) was ensiled with and without a commercial enzyme mixture having a cellulase:hemicellulase ratio of 2.54:1, applied at a hemicellulase rate of 1670 IU/kg dry mass. Triplicate 20 L mini‐silos were destructively sampled and analyzed on days 0, 1, 7, 21, 63, and 189. Analysis included produced organic acids and water‐soluble carbohydrates, fiber fractions, pH, and microorganisms, including Lactobacillusspp. and clostridia were monitored. On days 0, 21, and 189, the triplicate samples were mixed evenly and assembled into particleboard using 10% ISU 2 resin, a soy‐based adhesive. Particleboard panels were subjected to industry standard tests for modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bonding strength (IB), thickness swell (TS), and water absorption at 2 h boiling and 24 h soaking. Enzyme addition did improve the ensilage process, as indicated by sustained lower pH (P < 0.0001), higher water‐soluble carbohydrates (P < 0.05), and increased lactic acid production (P < 0.0001). The middle particle size range (<10 mm) demonstrated the most promising results during the ensilage process. Compared with fresh stover, the ensilage process did increase IB of stover particleboard by 33% (P < 0.05) and decrease water adsorption at 2 h boiling and 24 h soaking significantly (P < 0.05). Particleboard panels produced from substrate ensiled with enzymes showed a significant reduction in water adsorption of 12% at 2 h boiling testing. On the basis of these results, ensilage can be used as a long‐term feedstock preservation method for particleboard production from corn stover. Enzyme‐amended ensilage not only improved stover preservation but also enhanced the properties of particleboard products.
Biosynthesis of a Novel 3-Deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic Acid-containing Outer Core Oligosaccharide in the Lipopolysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae*

The core oligosaccharide region of Klebsiella pneumoniae lipopolysaccharide contains some novel features that distinguish it from the corresponding lipopolysaccharide region in other members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The conserved Klebsiella outer core contains the unusual trisaccharide 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo)-(2,6)-GlcN-(1,4)-GalUA. In general, Kdo residues are normally found in the inner core, but in K. pneumoniae, this Kdo residue provides the ligation site for O polysaccharide. The outer core Kdo residue can also be non-stoichiometrically substituted with an l-glycero-d-manno-heptopyranose (Hep) residue, another component more frequently found in the inner core. To understand the genetics and biosynthesis of core oligosaccharide synthesis in Klebsiella, the gene products involved in the addition of the outer core GlcN (WabH), Kdo (WabI), and Hep (WabJ) residues as well as the inner core HepIII residue (WaaQ) were identified. Non-polar mutations were created in each of the genes, and the resulting mutant lipopolysaccharide was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The in vitro glycosyltransferase activity of WabI and WabH was verified. WabI transferred a Kdo residue from CMP-Kdo onto the acceptor lipopolysaccharide. The activated precursor required for GlcN addition has not been identified. However, lysates overexpressing WabH were able to transfer a GlcNAc residue from UDP-GlcNAc onto the acceptor GalUA residue in the outer core.
Disturbance-induced reduction of biomass carbon sinks of China’s forests in recent years

Forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change because of their high carbon storage and productivity. China has experienced a pronounced increase in forest area resulting from afforestation and reforestation activities since the 1970s. However, few comprehensive analyses have been made to assess the recent dynamics of biomass carbon sinks in China’s forests. This study refined biomass carbon sinks of China’s forests based on eight forest inventories from 1973 to 2013. These sinks increased from 25.0 to 166.5 Tg C yr−1 between 1973 and 2008, and then decreased to 130.9 Tg C yr−1 for the period of 2009–2013 because the increases in forest area and biomass carbon density became slower. About 7% and 93% of this sink reduction occurred in planted and natural forests. The carbon sinks for young, middle-aged and premature forests decreased by 27.3, 27.0, and 7.6 Tg C yr−1, respectively. 42% of this decrease was offset by mature and overmature forests. During 2009–2013, forest biomass carbon sinks decreased in all regions but the north and northwest regions. The drivers for changes of forest biomass sinks differ spatially. More intensive harvest of young and middle-aged forests and snow damage were the major drivers for the decreases of biomass carbon sinks in the east (8.0 Tg C yr−1) and south (19.8 Tg C yr−1) regions. The carbon sink reduction in the southwest region (16.7 Tg C yr−1) was mainly caused by increased timber harvesting and natural disturbances, such as droughts in Yunnan province, snow damage in Guizhou province and forest fires in Sichuan province. In the northeast region, the sink reduction occurred mainly in Heilongjiang province (7.9 Tg C yr−1) and was caused dominantly by the combined effects of diseases, windthrow and droughts. The carbon sink increase was primarily attributed to forest growth and decreased deforestation in the north (10.0 Tg C yr−1) and northwest (2.3 Tg C yr−1) regions.
Why is the Accrual Anomaly Not Arbitraged Away?

Sloan (1996) and several follow up papers show that the stock market behaves as though it cannot understand the implications of accruals for future earnings. We propose and find evidence consistent with the hypothesis that risk-averse arbitrageurs are unable to eliminate accrual related mispricing because individual stocks in the extreme accrual deciles do not have close substitutes. Note that the textbook theory of arbitrage is predicated on the ability of the arbitrageur to find perfect substitutes for mispriced stocks. Our results suggest that arbitrage risk impedes arbitrageurs from eliminating accrual mispricing.
Neoliberal Reading Interventions and Student Needs

This article discusses reading programs within the context of Neoliberalism and the extent to which they address student needs. The rise of such reading programs in the market economy has come at the expense of placing the burden of reading development solely on the shoulders of students after restricting their academic and personal growth. The article explores how this has been done without any consideration regarding the needs of ethnically and culturally diverse students; and without taking into account the relationship between poverty and educational outcomes. Without a doubt, this has affected the ability of students to think critically about their school curriculum and their position in society.
Preliminary studies on the use of n-butyl chloride as an extractant in a drug screening procedure.

For performance of clinical toxicological analyses, relatively few hospital or other service laboratories presently have elegant instrumentation such as gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-computer interfaces for final measurement or mechanized devices for the prior extractions and sample transfers. Most of the small fraction of hospital laboratories providing analyses for drugs are limited to the use of “kits” using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), or ultraviolet (UV) photometric and, occasionally, gas chromatographic (GC) procedures. Most frequently the determination desired must be specified.
An investigation of the interpersonal sensitivity of selected secondary school principals as perceived by campus improvement teams

An Investigation of the Interpersonal Sensitivity of Selected Secondary School Principals as Perceived by Campus Improvement Teams. (May 2008) William Robert Walters, B.S., Texas A&M University; M.Ed., Houston Baptist University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. John R. Hoyle To anyone who wishes to work in educational administration, having a clear understanding of how one perceives others, how one is perceived, and how one interprets what one perceives is a great advantage in relating to many different kinds of people (Owens, 1995, p. 40). Schoonover (1988, p. vi) stated, “Interpersonal skills are the basis for all management practices. They represent the foundation for productive work and employee satisfaction. ” The degree to which school principals possess interpersonal skills could be pivotal in the creation of a school climate conducive to student success. Unfortunately, research findings are very limited in clarifying high school principals’ interpersonal skills. Thus, the research is vital in the investigation of the perceived relationship between principals’ interpersonal sensitivity and the perceptions of the campus improvement teams of the principals’ interpersonal sensitivity. Research is needed to add to the theoretical and practical dimensions of the principal’s interpersonal skills. This study utilized a blend of descriptive research methods and naturalistic
The Reason for Regimen Change Among HIV/AIDS Patients Initiated on First Line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Southern Ethiopia

Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has markedly decreased the morbidity and mortality due to HIV disease. However, toxicities, comorbidity, pregnancy, and treatment failure, among others, would result in frequent initial HAART regimen change. Aim: The study was designed to assess the causes of initial highly active antiretroviral therapeutic regimen changes among patients on HAART. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a retrospective institution-based study, by reviewing the patient information sheet and physician diagnosis cards. Patient cards that showed a change in the initial treatment regimen were assessed and analyzed, to identify the common reason that resulted in a change from the initial treatment regimen. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: A total of 340 patient cards were assessed. The majority of the patients (69.29%) were females. The most common first regimen, before the first switch, was stavudine / lamivudine / nevirapine (D4T/3TC/NVP) (54.70%) and stavudine / lamivudine / Efavirenz (D4T/3TC/EFV) (20.88%). The main reasons for modification were toxicity, comorbidity, pregnancy, and treatment failure. The main types of toxicities observed were peripheral neuropathy (36.52%), rash (17.83%), and anemia (17.39%). Conclusion: Toxicity was the main reason for the modification of initial HAART among the study population. Efavirenz-based regimens had the lowest hazard for change relatively, except in pregnancy-related cases.
Indian Female Entrepreneurs as Catalysts for Economic Growth and Development

Female entrepreneurs are increasingly being considered to be an important catalyst for economic growth and development in India, as they are contributing substantially to employment generation, and, as such, female entrepreneurship has become an area of research interest over the past few years. This paper furthers this research by making a theoretical study of the current status of female entrepreneurs in the country. It discusses the many challenges they face, focusing on their level of education and socio-cultural constraints. It also suggests some solutions to overcome such barriers. These include giving them proper training, developing an entrepreneurial attitude in them, ‘attributional augmenting’, understanding their entrepreneurial motivation, and, most importantly, removing the discriminating social customs imposed on them.
The effects of hyperglycaemia on thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor

Summary Epidemiological studies have shown a strong association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, and hypofibrinolysis may contribute to this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hyperglycaemia on thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Hyperglycaemia was mimicked in vitro by incubation of TAFI with glyceraldehyde and in vivo by hyperglycaemic clamping of healthy volunteers. The effects of long-term hyperglycaemia in vivo on TAFI were investigated by comparing TAFI from poorly regulated and tightly regulated patients with type 2 diabetes. In vitro glycated TAFI showed an altered migration pattern on SDS-PAGE due to aggregation. Glycated TAFI showed decreased activity after activation by thrombin-thrombomodulin in a glyceraldehyde-dosedependent manner and a reduced anti-fibrinolytic potential. In vivo, no differences in TAFI parameters were found after hyper-glycaemic clamping of healthy volunteers and between tightly and poorly regulated patients with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, TAFI purified from poorly regulated and tightly regulated patients with type 2 diabetes migrated similarly on SDS-PAGE, indicating little or no glycation of the protein. Despite the deleterious effects of glycation of TAFI in vitro on its function, TAFI was neither affected by hyperglycaemic clamping, nor by long-term hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. This is in contrast to fibrinolytic factors as plasminogen-activator inhibitor I and tissue-type plasminogen activator, which are affected. We therefore hypothesise that a normally functioning TAFI under hyperglycaemic conditions may tip the haemostatic balance towards hypofibrinolysis, which may contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetic patients.