Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Coughing in Dogs

Ten clinical cases of paroxysmal coughing in aged dogs (6 years and above) referred at Nandini Veterinary Hospital, Surat were investigated for its etiological diagnosis and rational management. The illness was characterized by recurrent paroxysmal coughing exaggerated during night and morning hours and on exercise, dyspnoea, and variable basal body temperature. Peripheral blood smears revealed abundance of eosinophils and microfilariae. The microfilariae were having tapering tail indistinguishable from those of Dirofilaria immitis. Electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation, “Ta” wave, low voltage complexes and sinus arrhythmia either alone or in different combinations in 5 dogs indicating cardiac involvement also. Thorax radiograph (lateral and/or dorso-ventral) showed parenchymal changes in lungs and arterial pathology. Initial treatment with prednesolone, ceftiofur sodium, anti-allergic cough suppressant, theophyllin and humidification for 7 to 10 days provided much sought comfort as coughing was almost controlled. Second phase treatment was started with acetyl salicylic acid, ivermectin, pyrantel pamoate and silymarin. Out of 10, 2 dogs collapsed within 3 months of therapy owing to poor compliance.
A 6-month comparison of toothbrushing efficacy between the horizontal Scrub and modified Bass methods in visually impaired students.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the horizontal Scrub and modified Bass methods of toothbrushing in visually impaired students for 6 months. METHODS Sixty visually impaired students, aged 10-12 years, were recruited to a randomized controlled clinical trial. At baseline, plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were assessed, and then subjects were randomly divided into the horizontal Scrub and modified Bass groups. Subjects received verbal and tactile toothbrushing instruction and used their assigned methods twice daily. They were recalled at 1 and 6 months for clinical measurement and reinforce of instruction. Significance of PI and GI over time was compared using the paired t-test and between brushing group at each time point using the t-test. RESULTS Over the 6-month period, there were significant reduction from baseline for the mean PI and GI in both groups (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between two methods at each time point (P > 0.05), however. CONCLUSIONS Both the horizontal Scrub and modified Bass methods can be effectively reduced plaque index and gingival index in visually impaired students. The efficacy of both methods was not different, however.
Two-year evaluation of the atraumatic restorative treatment approach in primary molars class I and II restorations.

BACKGROUND Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) has the advantages of reducing pain and fear and of being more cost-effective than the traditional approach. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the survival of ART class I and II restorations in primary molars at 2 years. DESIGN The sample consisted of 190 restorations and placed in 155 children 6-7 years old of both genders. The treatment was performed by two final-year dental students. All patients were treated in a completely supine position on tables available in the schools. The restorations were evaluated at 1, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS The best results were found for class I in each period of follow-up. After 1 month, the success of class I restorations was 94.6% and class II restorations 70.1%. After 12 months, the success rate was 50.6% for class I and 15.2% for class II. The most frequent failure characteristics were totally or partially lost and gross marginal defect. CONCLUSIONS The rate of success of restorations using the ART approach was significantly lower for class II.
Prevalence and associated factors of dental erosion in children and adolescents of a private dental practice.

BaCKGROUND. The prevalence of dental erosion seems to be rising in young populations, particularly among individuals of higher socioeconomic status. AIM. To assess the prevalence and associated factors of dental erosion in children and adolescents of a private dental practice. DESIGN. A total of 232 participants, aged 2-20 years, were examined. Dietary habits, oral hygiene, and medical data were collected from dental records. Logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS. Dental erosion prevalence was of 25.43% and was highest on the occlusal surfaces (76%). Associated factors were: frequent consumption of soft drinks (OR = 2.33; 95% CI = 1.01-5.38) and candies (OR = 3.23; 95% CI = 1.25-8.32); and interaction between these two factors (OR = 3.95; 95% CI = 1.60-9.75). On anterior teeth, associated factors were: frequent consumption of fruits (OR = 2.53; 95% CI = 1.09-5.91); and age (OR = 1.07 95% CI = 1.01-1.14). Milk consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of dental erosion (OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.17-0.94). CONCLUSIONS. A relatively high prevalence of erosion was found in association with frequent intake of soft drinks, candies, and fruits. The consumption of milk seemed to protect against dental erosion on anterior teeth.
Dental caries and its association with diet and dental erosion in Libyan schoolchildren.

BACKGROUND. The change towards a more Westernised diet in Libya may increase the risk of caries and erosion in children. AIMS. To investigate any association between dental caries, dental erosion, and potential dietary risk factors in Libyan schoolchildren. METHODS. A random sample of 791 schoolchildren aged 12 years underwent dental examination for caries and erosion and completed a questionnaire to provide dietary data. Dental caries was assessed using the WHO (Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods, 1997) criteria. Erosion was assessed using UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS, Young People Aged 4-18 years. Volume 2: Report of the Oral Health Survey, 2000) criteria. Associations between caries and dietary variables were investigated through bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS. Of the 791 12-year olds, 57.8% (457) had caries experience and 40.8% (323) had experience of erosion. One hundred and ninety-two subjects (42%) of the subjects with caries experience also had erosion, whilst 131 subjects (39.2%) of the 334 without caries had clinical signs of erosion (P = 0.464; OR, 1.123; 95% CI, 0.842, 1.497). There was no statistically significantly relationship between dental caries and dental erosion. Frequency of consumption of fruit-based sugared drinks was statistically significantly positively associated with experience of caries (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS. Dental caries experience was associated with frequency of consumption of sugared dietary items but not with dental erosion.
Atypical presentations and specific genotypes are associated with a delay in diagnosis in females with Rett syndrome

There is often delay between onset of Rett syndrome symptoms and its diagnosis, possibly related to symptom presentation or socio‐demographic factors. We hypothesized that girls with an atypical presentation or whose family had a lower socio‐economic status would receive a later diagnosis. Female subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of Rett syndrome were sourced from the Australian Rett Syndrome and InterRett Databases. Variables analyzed included timing and development of symptoms; MECP2 mutation type; parental occupation and education; maternal age and birth order. Residential location and socio‐economic status were also analyzed for the Australian cases. Linear regression was used to determine relationships between these factors and age at diagnosis. A total of 909 cases were included. An older age of diagnosis was associated with later loss of hand function and speech, later onset of hand stereotypies and the presence of the p.R133C or p.R294X MECP2 mutation. Socio‐economic factors did not predict age of diagnosis for Australian families. For families participating in the InterRett database, a younger age of diagnosis was associated with higher levels of parental education or occupation. A clinical picture consistent with the classic presentation of Rett syndrome is associated with an earlier diagnosis. Clinicians need to be alerted to the variable presentation of Rett syndrome including the milder phenotypes of cases with the p.R133C or p.R294X mutation. Educational resources to assist this understanding including guidance on when to request genetic testing could be useful to streamline the process of diagnosis in Rett syndrome. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Knowledge of medical hospital emergency physicians about the first-aid management of traumatic tooth avulsion.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of emergency medical physicians employed in hospital emergency rooms as to their potential role in the treatment for traumatic teeth avulsion injuries (TTAI). METHODS A 15-item questionnaire was distributed to the emergency rooms of one university and 10 public hospitals. The questionnaire gathered data on the respondents' professional profiles and self-assessed perceived knowledge and actual knowledge of the emergency management of TTAIs. RESULTS The study was implemented with 69 emergency physicians present at their workplaces during the time of data collection. Of these, 55 (79.7%) were employed at public hospitals and 14 (20.3%) at a university hospital. The professional profiles indicated that 47 (68.1%) of the participants were general practitioners and the remaining 22 (31.9%) were distributed among various other medical specialties. Overall, 28 respondents (40.6%) assessed their knowledge regarding medical treatment for TTAI as insufficient, and the majority (78.3%) stated that they would like further education. Importantly, a large majority of practitioners could not provide correct answers to questions related to the emergency management of TTAI. CONCLUSION There is a need to improve the knowledge of emergency medical physicians regarding the emergency treatment for TTAI.
Rheological characterization of Poloxamer 407 nimesulide gels

The thermal gelling property of Poloxamer 407- nimesulide gels was characterized by rheological studies. Nimesulide, a local anti-inflammatory and anesthetic drug used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain, has a short duration of action and a long-acting single-dose injection would be of clinical importance. Thus a poloxamer 407 gel applied intramuscularly could prolong the release and action of nimesulide. In this study, aqueous gels with nimesulide, containing three different concentrations of Poloxamer 407, were prepared. Viscosity measurements were performed by rheologial studies to obtain the optimal sol-gel transition temperature . Poloxamer 407 gels are pseudoplastic and viscoelastic materials, which have an elastic modulus (G'), characteristic of the solid, and a viscous modulus (G''), characteristic of the liquid material. Moreover, being pseudoplastic gels, when they are deformed by shearing, their viscosity decreases. Increase of the polymer concentration increased the viscosity of the gels, which could affect the releasing process of nimesulide. Furthermore, the presence of nimesulide led to a lowering of the sol-gel transition temperature. Keywords: Poloxamer 407 gels; nimesulide; rheological characterization; viscosity; sol-gel transition temperature.
Understanding children's dental anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction.

BACKGROUND Dental anxiety is a common problem, which can affect people of all ages, but appears to develop mostly in childhood and adolescence. Childhood dental anxiety is not only distressing for the child and their family but is also associated with poor oral health outcomes and an increased reliance on costly specialist dental services. AIM This article will consider the prevalence, development, and implications of children's dental anxiety. It will also discuss the opportunities for and challenges of psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at the reduction of dental anxiety in children.
Is there a positive relationship between molar incisor hypomineralisations and the presence of dental caries?

OBJECTIVE This epidemiological study aimed to compare the caries experience in 10-year-olds with and without molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). METHODS About 693 children from an ongoing birth cohort study (GINIplus10) were examined for caries lesions to determine the DMF index. Furthermore, enamel hypomineralisation (EH) was scored on all permanent teeth/surfaces, according to the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. Children with EH were categorised into those with a minimum of one EH in the permanent dentition (MIH/1), with EH on at least one-first permanent molar (MIH/1A), on at least one-first permanent molar and permanent incisor (MIH/1B), and on other permanent teeth (MIH/1C). RESULTS The mean caries experience was 0.4 (SD 0.9) DMFT. Existence of MIH/1, MIH/1A, MIH/1B, and MIH/1C was determined in 36.5%, 14.7%, 9.4%, and 21.8% of all children. The corresponding DMFT values were the following: no MIH: 0.3 (SD 0.8); MIH/1: 0.5 (SD 0.9); MIH/1A: 0.5 (SD 0.9); MIH/1B: 0.4 (SD 0.9); and MIH/1C: 0.4 (SD 0.9) DMFT. No significant differences were found between all groups. CONCLUSIONS There was no relationship between the presence of EH/MIH and caries in 10-year-olds. A ratio of one EH-associated defect to two caries lesions indicates that both conditions are prevalent and influence the oral health status of 10-year-old children from Munich, Germany.
Risk factors in the occurrence of molar-incisor hypomineralization amongst a group of Iraqi children.

BACKGROUND. Despite the worldwide increasing interest in the prevalence studies of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), there is still insufficient evidence to verify the aetiological factors of this condition. AIMS. To investigate risk factors involved in the development of MIH in a group of school-aged Iraqi children. DESIGN. Seven- to nine-year-old school children (823 of 1000 eligible, response rate of 82.3%) had their first permanent molars and incisors evaluated using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry evaluation criteria for MIH. Mothers completed a medical history questionnaire-based interview performed in the schools by a trained examiner. RESULTS. For children with MIH, 6% reported no relevant medical history; the remaining 94% reported various medical conditions putatively associated with MIH compared with 70% for the non-affected group. Post-natal medical conditions (33.3%) were most frequently reported. When data were split into the possible risk effect groups, maternal psychological stress (OR, 3.24), frequent exposure to ultrasonic scans during the last gestational trimester (OR, 2.51) and birth order as a fourth sibling or later (OR, 3.17 and 5.73, respectively) were previously unreported significant risk factors and postulated as contributing to, or causing the defect. CONCLUSIONS. Children with MIH had experienced a greater number of medical conditions than their unaffected peers with no single health event identified as a risk factor.
Divalent Cation Transport by Vesicular Nucleotide Transporter*

Background: The vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) transports nucleotides in the presence of Mg2+. Results: VNUT transports divalent cations in a membrane potential- and nucleotide-dependent manner. Conclusion: VNUT transports divalent cations as a nucleotide complex. Significance: VNUT functions as a divalent cation importer in secretory vesicles. The vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) is a secretory vesicle protein that is responsible for the vesicular storage and subsequent exocytosis of ATP (Sawada, K., Echigo, N., Juge, N., Miyaji, T., Otsuka, M., Omote, H., and Moriyama, Y. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 5683–5686). Because VNUT actively transports ATP in a membrane potential (Δψ)-dependent manner irrespective of divalent cations such as Mg2+ and Ca2+, VNUT recognizes free ATP as a transport substrate. However, whether or not VNUT transports chelating complexes with divalent cations remains unknown. Here, we show that proteoliposomes containing purified VNUT actively took up Mg2+ when ATP was present, as detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The VNUT-containing proteoliposomes also took up radioactive Ca2+ upon imposing Δψ (positive-inside) but not ΔpH. The Δψ-driven Ca2+ uptake required ATP and a millimolar concentration of Cl−, which was inhibited by Evans blue, a specific inhibitor of SLC17-type transporters. VNUT in which Arg-119 was specifically mutated to alanine, the counterpart of the essential amino acid residue of the SLC17 family, lost the ability to take up both ATP and Ca2+. Ca2+ uptake was also inhibited in the presence of various divalent cations such as Mg2+. Kinetic analysis indicated that Ca2+ or Mg2+ did not affect the apparent affinity for ATP. RNAi of the VNUT gene in PC12 cells decreased the vesicular Mg2+ concentration to 67.7%. These results indicate that VNUT transports both nucleotides and divalent cations probably as chelating complexes and suggest that VNUT functions as a divalent cation importer in secretory vesicles under physiological conditions.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja, Profesionalisme, dan Penerapan Teknologi Informasi terhadap Kinerja Auditor (Studi pada Kantor Bpk RI Perwakilan Provinsi Aceh)

This study is done at BPK RI branch office in Aceh Province which aim to know the influence of job satisfaction, professionalism, and information technology application toward auditor performance either simultaneously or partially. This research uses sample method. Respondents of this research are auditors at BPK RI branch office in Aceh Province. This research uses 52 auditors as samples of population 94 auditors by using stratified random sampling. The data used are primary data by using questionnaires to the respondents directly. Ddata are analyzed by using multiple linear regression. Results of this research indicate that by simultaneously job satisfaction, professionalism, and information technology application influence significanly toward auditor performance. Partially. job satisfaction, professionalism, and information technology application also influence significanly toward auditor performance. Keyword: job satisfaction, professionalism, information technology application and auditor performance.
Muenke syndrome with pigmentary disorder and probable hemimegalencephaly: An expansion of the phenotype

We describe a 2‐year‐old boy born to healthy, consanguineous parents. He had craniofacial asymmetry with left frontal bossing, midface hypoplasia, proptosis, and low‐set ears. In addition, he had curly, light hair, and oval hypomelanotic patches in the abdomen, lower limbs and back and one hyperpigmented patch in the groin without acanthosis nigricans. Cranial three‐dimensional CT scan showed right‐coronal, sagittal, and lambdoid suture synostoses. His cranial MRI at 2‐months of age showed left hemimegalencephaly, hypoplasia of corpus callosum, and an abnormal configuration of hippocampus. In spite of these cranial findings, he had mild developmental delay and his neurological examination showed symmetric strength, tone and reflexes. Apart from febrile seizures, there was no history of epilepsy. The proband developed asymmetric hydrocephalus at the age of 18 months that required third ventriculostomy. Post‐operative cranial MRI showed Chiari I‐ like malformation and asymmetry of cerebral hemispheres but less dysplastic cerebral cortex. Mutation analysis of FGFR3 showed a c.749C > G, p.Pro250Arg substitution. To the best of our knowledge, these manifestations have not been reported in patients with Muenke syndrome. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Incidence and natural history of mucopolysaccharidosis type III in France and comparison with United Kingdom and Greece

Sanfilippo syndrome, or mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPSIII) is a lysosomal storage disease with predominant neurological manifestations in affected children. It is considered heterogeneous with respect to prevalence, clinical presentation, biochemistry (four biochemical forms of the disease referred to as MPSIIIA, B, C, and D are known), and causative mutations. The perspective of therapeutic options emphasizes the need for better knowledge of MPSIII incidence and natural history. We performed parallel retrospective epidemiological studies of patients diagnosed with MSPIII in France (n = 128), UK (n = 126), and Greece (n = 20) from 1990 to 2006. Incidences ranged from 0.68 per 100,000 live‐births in France to 1.21 per 100,000 live‐births in UK. MPSIIIA, which predominates in France and UK, was absent in Greece, where most patients have MPSIIIB. The study confirmed the large allelic heterogeneity of MPSIIIA and MPSIIIB and detected several yet undescribed mutations. Analysis of clinical manifestations at diagnosis and over a 6–7 years follow‐up indicated that almost all patients, whatever the disease subtype, expressed neurological manifestations before the age of 5 years, including language acquisition delay, cognitive delay, and/or abnormal behavior. In contrast to relatively homogeneous early onset manifestations, disease progression showed significant variation depending on subtype and age at diagnosis. Different severities of disease progressions and different allele distribution between France and UK suggested that mutations are not equally deleterious, although genotype–phenotype correlation could not be established. Notwithstanding the rapidity of further clinical deterioration, all MPSIII patients suffer early onset devastating neurological manifestations that deserve early treatment when available. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pathomorphological changes induced by chlorpyrifos in broilers and their amelioration with selenium

A total of fifty four broilers aged 25 days were randomly divided into three equal groups. The chlorpyrifos was given @ 3 mg/kg body weight orally daily in birds of group-II and group-III. The feed of the birds of group-III was supplemented with sodium selenite @ 0.25 ppm. The birds of the group-I were kept as control. Six broilers from each group were slaughtered at day 14, 28 and 42. The weight of lungs, heart, kidneys, brain and spleen was found to be significantly lower in group-II and group-III as compared to control group-I. In group II birds, there were degenerative to necrotic changes in liver. Lung showed congestion, oedema, focal consolidation, extravasation of erythrocytes with inflammation and occasionally giant cells formation. Kidneys showed mild to moderate congestion with degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium and glomerular tufts with or without hypercellularity. Heart showed congestion, extravasation of erythrocytes and degenerative necrotic changes of myofibres. Proventriculous showed degeneration and desquamation of epithelial lining of the mucosa with or without inflammatory cells. Intestine showed mucinous degeneration and necrosis at the tip of the villi. Perivascular and perineuronal oedema, satellitosis and spongiosis were seen in brain. Mild depletion of lymphoid cells in malpighian corpuscles of spleen and in follicles of bursa of Fabricius were also observed. Similar mild morbid lesions except pneumonia and myocarditis were also recorded in birds of group III administered sodium selenite @ 0.25 ppm in feed which suggested ameliorative effect of antioxidants on the parenchymatous organs and other body tissues.