Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by L-ascorbic acid and platelet rich plasma on silk fibroin scaffold

Articular cartilage is an avascular tissue with limited regenerative property. Therefore, a defect or trauma in articular cartilage due to disease or accident can lead to progressive tissue deterioration. Cartilage tissue engineering, by replacing defective cartilage tissue, is a method for repairing such a problem. In this research, three main aspects—cell, biomaterial scaffold, and bioactive factors—that support tissue engineering study were optimized. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) that become cartilage were grown in an optimized growth medium supplemented with either platelet rich plasma (PRP) or L-ascorbic acid (LAA). As the characterization result, the ADSC used in this experiment could be classified as Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) based on multipotency analysis and cell surface marker analysis. The biomaterial scaffold was fabricated from the Bombyx morii cocoon using silk fibroin by salt leaching method and was engineered to form different sizes of pores to provide optimized support for cell adhesion and growth. Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity evaluation was done using MTT assay to optimize silk fibroin concentration and pore size. Characterized ADSC were grown on the optimized scaffold. LAA and PRP were chosen as bioactive factors to induce ADSC differentiation to become chondrocytes. The concentration optimization of LAA and PRP was analyzed by cell proliferation using MTT assay and chondrogenic differentiation by measuring glycosaminoglycan (GAG) using Alcian Blue at 605 nm wavelength. The optimum silk fibroin concentration, pore size, LAA concentration, and PRP concentration were used to grow and differentiate characterized ADSC for 7, 14, and 21 days. The cell morphology on the scaffold was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed that the ADSC could adhere on plastic, express specific cell surface markers (CD73, CD90, and CD105), and could be differentiated into three types of mature cells. The silk fibroin scaffold made from 12% w/v concentration formed a 500 µm pore diameter (SEM analysis), and was shown by MTT assay to be biocompatible and to facilitate cell growth. The optimum concentrations of the bioactive factors LAA and PRP were 50 µg/mL and 10%, respectively. GAG analysis with Alcian Blue staining suggested that PRP induction medium and LAA induction medium on 12% w/v scaffold could effectively promote not only cell adhesion and cell proliferation but also chondrogenic differentiation of ADSC within 21 days of culture. Therefore, this study provides a new approach to articular tissue engineering with a combination of ADSC as cell source, LAA and PRP as bioactive factors, and silk fibroin as a biocompatible and biodegradable scaffold.
The Effects of Rating Accuracy on Treatment Fidelity

The current study attempts to evaluate if there is a relationship between treatment fidelity and interobserver agreement. Participant performance on rating the accuracy of a video demonstration of a functional analysis session was analyzed in comparison to their performance in implementing a mock functional analysis session. Video models (some with confederates and some with the actual participant) of functional analysis conditions were shown to and graded by participants and were immediately followed by their participation in a mock functional analysis session with a confederate child. The results of the study tend to show little to no relationship between the two variables.
Exploring the lived experience of nursing students who encounter inter-colleague violence during clinical placements: a phenomenological study

Inter-colleague violence during clinical placements can profoundly affect student well being, learning, and professional socialization. The experiences of students who encounter inter-colleague violence in the clinical setting have been examined by researchers internationally. There is a significant lack of research on the experiences of Canadian students in the literature. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experience of nursing students who encounter inter-colleague violence during clinical placements. The population of interest was baccalaureate nursing students in an Atlantic province in Canada. Eight students representing three programs from two different sites participated in the study. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed for analysis. Five themes were determined using the approach of van Manen (1990/1997). The identified themes are a sense of foreboding, playing hide and seek, I had no options, we are all in this together, and letting go, moving on. Similarities were noted between the participants’ experiences and those of nursing students in other studies. Apparent in this study but not evident in the literature was the influence of word-of-mouth communication between students prior to the start of clinical placements. Word-of-mouth communication included the verbal exchange of stories and rumours about clinical instructors, nurses, and clinical units. Implications for nursing education, administration, and research are discussed and include the importance of teaching students to recognize inter-colleague violence and providing safe, supportive environments for students to report incidents of inter-colleague violence.
Reading, Writing, and Rewriting the Prostitute Body

Acknowledgments1. Reading, Writing, and Rewriting the Prostitute Body 2. Reading the Hetairae in Plato's Texts 3. The Making of the Modern Prostitute Body 4. Writing the Prostitue Body: Feminist Reproductions 5. Rewriting the Prostitute Body: Prostitute Perspectives 6. Prostitute Performances: Sacred Carnival Theorists of the Female Body Conclusion: From Aspasia's Salon to the Sprinkle SalonNotes Bibliography Index
Towards unbiased estimation of the optimal time for renal replacement therapy

Acute kidney injury (AKI), a sudden deterioration in renal function which occurs when the kidneys no longer remove waste products from the blood, is a challenging medical condition that affects intensive care unit patients worldwide. Patients with severe cases of AKI are placed on renal replacement therapy (RRT), a life-supporting treatment, and have been linked to mortality rates as high as 60%. Despite having guidelines with indications for RRT it is unclear what the optimal initiation time should be. Studies looking at the association between timing of initiation and mortality give contradictory results: some suggest a better outcome with early initiation while others with late initiation. There are four issues with current studies: 1) selection bias due to treatment status being driven by a patient’s baseline characteristics and the physician’s decision to treat; 2) the time from which survival is measured is different across studies causing lead-time or immortal-time biases; 3) results from the different statistical methods used are not always comparable; 4) patients never started on RRT are excluded from analyses. The aim of this study is to determine the association between timing of initiation of RRT and mortality by addressing existing biases and limitations. Selection bias will be controlled for by a propensity score and 1-1 matching without replacement using the nearest neighbor Mahalanobis distance. Lead-time bias will be addressed by counting survival time from the same point for all patients. Immortal-time bias will be eliminated by using an expanded risk sets analysis in which patients are part of all three risk groups: early, late, and no RRT. Unlike current studies patients never started on RRT will also be analyzed. Cox proportional hazards will be used to test differences in the hazard of mortality at 1-year between groups. Public Health Significance: To our knowledge, this is the largest observational study investigating the optimal time for initiating RRT. Our study shows the effect of different biases on the outcome and reinforces the importance of carefully designing an observational study. Future nephrology researchers can use this work as foundation in the quest of finding the optimal time for RRT initiation.
ANALYSIS OF A CONTROLLER-BASED ALL-DIGITAL PHASE-LOCKED LOOP

A design procedure of an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) based on phase selection mechanism with loop stability independent of process, supply voltage and temperature is presented. A poly-phase filter and a phase interpolator are used to generate multiple phases to reduce the phase error. The modeling of proposed ADPLL structure is extensively investigated and mathematically described. For a phase and a frequency step input change, the closed-loop system of the proposed ADPLL eliminates phase error. Time-domain response of the behavioral-level simulation of the proposed structure on 130-nm CMOS technology with 0.7V supply voltage reveals the presented analytical model.
Context-Based Access for Infrequent Requests in Tanzania's Health Care System

Access control is an important aspect of any information system. It is a way of ensuring that users can only access what they are authorised to and no more. This can be achieved by granting users access to resources based on pre-defined organisational and legislative rules. Although access control has been extensively studied, and as a result, a wide range of access control models, mechanisms and systems have been proposed, specific access control requirements for healthcare systems that needs to support the continuity of care in an accountable manner have not been addressed. This results in a gap between what is required by the application domain and what is actually practised, and thus access control solutions implemented for the domain become too restrictive. The continuity of care is defined as the delivery of seamless health care services to patients through integration, coordination and sharing of information between providers. This thesis, therefore, designs a context-based access control model that allows healthcare professionals to bypass access rules in an accountable manner in case of an infrequent access request involving an emergency situation. This research uses the Tanzania’s healthcare system as a case study domain. The contributions from this thesis to the body of knowledge are as follows: 1. A generic methodological approach, named COIL, for gathering comprehensive access control requirements in the healthcare domain is developed. The proposed COIL methodology is the synthesis of four elements: contexts, privacy and security capabilities from national electronic healthcare initiatives, legislations and organisational rules. Each of the four components of the COIL approach has its own impact in relation to access to electronic health records. 2. A taxonomy for classifying access control models is also proposed in this thesis. The intent of the proposed taxonomy is to identify how existing access control models can be classified classified against the proposed Role and Context-Based
Non-communicable Diseases

NCDs such as Diabetes mellites, cardiac disorders, cardiac failure, obesity, renal diseases, lung disease, dyslipidemia and stroke are among the few. NSDs have become a primary health concern and a major cause of mortality and morbidity around the globe. These diseases are progressive, asymptomatic and chronic and patient do not realize until the complications arise and symptoms appear. World Health Organization (WHO) reported in 2016 that 86% death from NCDs and 16% of premature deaths were in the age range of 30-70 years worldwide. Among these NSDs, 49% contribution was from cardiovascular diseases alone, 12% from caner, 5% from respiratory diseases and 5% from diabetes [1]. Disease burden of NCDs can be assessed by several indicators e.g. the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) which is the equivalent of losing one year in good and healthy life due to early death or any illness including disability [2]. NCDs were recognized as public health concern by United Nations and hence, policies were devised, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the prevention and management of NCDs by 2030 were also planned [3]. The global NCDs action plan by WHO was initiated and implemented from 2013-2020 aiming to attain the set goals and priorities by 2025. The main goal which comprises of 25%, is to reduce the premature deaths from NCDs by 2025 [4]. Currently, the world is going through COVID-19 pandemic which has changed the whole world in terms of health, economics, psyphy and behaviours adversely. Although COVID-19 is a communicable disease but it has been observed that the patients who already have been contracted with NCDs such as heart, renal or lung disease are at much higher risk for COVID-19 infection as compared to others. Therefore, it is suggested that every one should get proper health screening at regular intervals even if you are healthy. Annual visit for checkups and screening should be conducted after the age of 40 years and after every 6 months is appreciated if you are above 50 years of age. A better governance and implementation of the Global strategy by WHO and United Nations is an urgent need of the recent times.
L'hydrologie artificialisée de l'Isère en amont de Grenoble. Essai de quantification des impacts des aménagements

Resume : La vallee de l'Isere est un champ d'investigation privilegie pour l'etude d'un hydrosysteme perturbe par les effets cumules des interventions humaines. Les amenagements hydroelectriques qui se sont multiplies dans la seconde moitie du XXe siecle dans les hauts bassins ont un impact majeur sur l'hydrologie de l'Isere et ses affluents. Grâce aux series de mesures hydrometriques disponibles, les perturbations sont quantifiables a tous les pas de temps. De cette nouvelle hydrologie dependent en partie les fluctuations des lignes d'eau dans le lit ainsi que d'autres changements dans l'hydro-systeme (niveau de la nappe, morphologie.).
NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KERJA KERAS DALAM NOVEL 2 KARYA DONNY DHIRGANTORO

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai karakter kerja keras dalam novel 2 karya Donny Dhirgantoro. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan bentuk kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi dokumenter dengan menelaah karya sastra. Penelaahan dilakukan dengan cara mengklasifikasikan bagian-bagian yang menjadi objek penelitian, khususnya nilai pendidikan karakter kerja keras. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah manusia, peneliti sendiri sebagai instrumen utama. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian adalah analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai karakter kerja keras meliputi: (1) Karakter giat berusaha; (2) Karakter berlatih sungguh-sungguh; (3) Karakter penuh dengan kekuatan dan keyakinan; (4) Karakter mengalahkan persepsi orang yang meragukannya dengan bekerja keras; (5) Karakter semangat memperjuangkan hidup; (6) Karakter memanfaatkan waktu dengan bersungguh-sungguh; (7) Karakter yang bersemangat; dan (8) Karakter semangat pantang menyerah. Kata Kunci : nilai pendidikan karakter, kerja keras.
SELF-REGULATED LEARNING (SRL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan self-regulated learning terhadap peningkatan akademik (IP) pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan dua kelompok secara random. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 54 mahasiswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah self-report dan dokumentasi. Analisa data menggunakan independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, kelompok yang diberi pelatihan SRL memiliki prestasi akademik lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok yang tidak diberi pelatihan SRL dengan nilai p< 0,003. Dimana kelompok yang diberi pelatihan memiliki nilai rata-rata indeks prestasi (IP) lebih tinggi dengan mean = 2,78 dibandingkan kelompok yang tidak diberi pelatihan dengan nilai mean = 2,47. Kata kunci : Self-Regulated Learning, Prestasi Akademik This study aimed to know the effect of SRL training on developing students' academic achievement. The subject were 54 students. The methods of collecting data were self report and documentation. The data analysed by Independent sample t-test. The findings showed that the group who trained SRL have higher academic achievement than those who were not given SRL training with p<0.003. The group who were given training of SRL have higher grade point average by mean=2,78 if it's compared to the group who were not given training of SRL by mean=2,47. Keywords : Self-Regulated Learning, Academic Achievement
Exploring Hypergraph Representation On Face Anti-Spoofing Beyond 2d Attacks

Face anti-spoofing plays a crucial role in protecting face recognition systems from various attacks. Previous model-based and deep learning approaches achieve satisfactory performance for 2D face spoofs, but remain limited for more advanced 3D attacks such as vivid masks. In this paper, we address 3D face anti-spoofing via the proposed Hypergraph Convolutional Neural Networks (HGCNN). Firstly, we construct a computation-efficient and posture-invariant face representation with only a few key points on hypergraphs. The hypergraph representation is then fed into the designed HGCNN with hypergraph convolution for feature extraction, while the depth auxiliary is also exploited for 3D mask anti-spoofing. Further, we build a 3D face attack database with color, depth and infrared light information to validate the proposed paradigm and overcome the deficiency of 3D face anti-spoofing data. Experiments show that our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance over widely used 3D databases as well as the proposed one under various tests.
Zum Zeitverhalten beim computergestützten adaptiven Testen

Zusammenfassung: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, inwieweit Falsch- bzw. Richtig-Antwortlatenzen beim computergestutzten adaptiven Testen vom individuellen Niveau der fluiden Intelligenz abhangig sind. Das Zeitverhalten einer Stichprobe von 80 Testpersonen, deren fluide Intelligenz mittels des CFT3 bestimmt wurde, wurde an Hand einer perzeptiv-sensorischen und einer kognitiven Diskriminationsaufgabe erfasst. Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass Antwortlatenzen weder von der Leistungsgute bei der Aufgabenlosung noch vom Niveau der fluiden Intelligenz beeinflusst werden. Weiterhin erwiesen sich das so genannte “Falsch > Richtig-Phanomen” sowie starke korrelative Zusammenhange zwischen Falsch- und Richtig-Antwortlatenzen als unabhangig vom Intelligenzniveau.
Tissue Resident CD8 Memory T Cell Responses in Cancer and Autoimmunity

Resident memory (TRM) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal TRM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, TRM-like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that TRM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. Such tumor-specific TRM cells are recognized as both necessary and sufficient for long-lived protection against tumors in peripheral tissue locations. TRM responses against tumor/self-antigens can concurrently result in the development of pathogenic TRM responses to self, with a growing number of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory pathologies being attributed to TRM responses. This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate TRM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. Informed by studies in infectious disease models, and instructed by a clear role for TRM cells in autoimmunity, we will discuss strategies for therapeutically promoting TRM responses in settings where they don't naturally occur.
Synopsis of Research Methodologies: A Brief Guide for Pharmacists

Research is a scientific way of answering questions and testing hypothesis in order to generate new knowledge or validate existing knowledge. Pharmacists, other than their functions in dispensing drugs, they could pursue roles in various areas such as clinical research, research and development, quality assurance, and pharmacy practice research. Every investigation has a study design, types of study design used are dependent on types of questions to be answered and types of research (i.e., qualitative or quantitative research). This review presents a brief overview of general quantitative study designs, sampling methods, data collection, and data analysis. Additionally, qualitative study designs, sampling methods, data collection and interviewing process, qualitative data handling and its analysis. Review Article
The effect of high versus low dose endurance exercise on eating behaviors in overweight healthy premenopausal women

This study tested whether different doses of endurance exercise training had an effect on eating behaviors in overweight healthy premenopausal women. The effect of low dose endurance exercise (13 kcal . kg -1. week -1 ) and the effect of high dose endurance exercise (26 kcal . kg -1. week -1 ) were assessed over a 12-week exercise intervention. The aims of this study were to determine: 1) whether 12 weeks of high dose endurance training results in increased energy intake (EI) secondary to compensatory eating behaviors compared with 12 weeks of low dose endurance training; and 2) whether the high dose of endurance training leads to changes in macronutrient selection. Twenty-four previously sedentary, overweight women, between the ages of 18 and 45 took part in a 12-week endurance exercise program (low dose: n=10 and high dose: n=14) with an ad libitum diet. Seven-day food logs were completed preexercise intervention and in the 12th week of the exercise intervention and compared for changes in energy intake and macronutrient selection. Energy expenditure was assessed via a baseline graded exercise test and VO 2 peak; exercise heart rate was regressed against exercise energy expenditure to determine a personalized prediction equation, which allowed each participant to meet her energy expenditure goals. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, lean mass, and waist circumference were measured at baseline and at week 12 of the exercise intervention. Energy intake and macronutrient preferences, assessed via paired and independent
Student's Need Analysis for the Development of Chemistry Modules Based Guided Inquiry to Improve Science Process Skill

Science process skills (SPS) are an important aspect of learning science. SPS help students to develop creativity in learning. Process skills such as observing, formulating questions, interpreting, experimenting, hypothesizing, applying concepts, and communicating. This study aims to analyze the need for development resources needs of science filled with science process skills. Requirement analysis of the development of teaching materials with the skill of the process of science needs to be done because the textbook is the reference a teacher in the class. The subjects matter of chemistry the study was three senior high schools in Sambas, West Borneo. Needs analysis conducted using a qualitative approach, in terms of needs in classroom learning and content of process skills on teaching materials. Data were collected by interviews and questionnaires were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that as many as 27 percents of students perceive the book used in learning has not yet trained the science process skills. As many as 73 percents of students perceive that they need instructional materials in the form of inquiry-based chemistry modules to improve science process skills. Modules are developed based guided inquiry for having guided inquiry learning stages that can practice students' science process skills.