Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pore-scale modeling of hydro-mechanical coupled mechanics in hydro-fracturing process

Hydro-fracturing is an important technique in petroleum industry to stimulate well production. Yet the mechanism of induced fracture growth is still not fully understood, which results in some unsatisfactory wells even with hydro-fracturing treatments. In this work we establish a more accurate numerical framework for hydro-mechanical coupling, where the solid deformation and fracturing are modeled by discrete element method (DEM) and the fluid flow is simulated directly by lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) at pore scale. After validations, hydro-fracturing is simulated with consideration on the strength heterogeneity effects on fracture geometry and micro failure mechanism. A modified topological index is proposed to quantify the complexity of fracture geometry. The results show that strength heterogeneity has a significant influence on hydro-fracturing. In heterogeneous samples, the fracturing behavior is crack nucleation around the tip of fracture and connection of it to the main fracture, which is usually accompanied by shear failure. However, in homogeneous ones the fracture growth is achieved by the continuous expansion of the crack, where the tensile failure often dominates. It is the fracturing behavior that makes the fracture geometry in heterogeneous samples is much more complex than that in homogeneous ones. In addition, higher pore pressure leads to more shear failure events for both heterogeneous and homogeneous samples.
Genetic structure of Artemisia pancicii populations inferred from AFLP and cpDNA data

Palacký University in Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic, e-mail: miloslav.kitner@upol.cz, lubos.majesky @gmail.com; Agency for Nature Conservation and Landscape Protection of the Czech Republic, Olomouc Regional Office, Lafayettova 13, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: lenka.gillova@nature.cz, Agricultural Research, Ltd., Zahradní 1, 664 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic, e-mail: vymyslicky@vupt.cz; Department of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, e-mail: matthias.nagler@univie.ac. at
AIDS Activism, Boehringer Ingelheim, and the Broken Social Contract by Mark Harrington Remarks at Boehringer Ingelheim Symposium “HIV: From Yesterday to Tomorrow / HIV: da ieri in poi”

AIDS Activism, Boehringer Ingelheim, and the Broken Social Contract by Mark Harrington Remarks at Boehringer Ingelheim Symposium “HIV: From Yesterday to Tomorrow / HIV: da ieri in poi” Sheraton Golf Parco de’Medici 6 April 2006 Rome * [Note: This is a revised and expanded version of remarks I gave yesterday at the Boehringer Ingelheim symposium on HIV past and future. The two-day symposium is taking place at a business-style ‘hotel and resort’ called the Sheraton Golf Parco de’Medici some 20 minutes outside of Rome in a complex which includes conference facilities, a golf course, and sprawling mall-like commercial structures more typical of Las Vegas than of the Eternal City. The symposium includes an overview of the evolution of AIDS treatment with an emphasis on resistance to antiretroviral treatment and provides a venue for the introduction of Boehringer Ingelheim’s protease inhibitor, Aptivus brand tipranavir. ] ®
Ju n 20 16 Group Equivariant Convolutional Networks

We introduce Group equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks (G-CNNs), a natural generalization of convolutional neural networks that reduces sample complexity by exploiting symmetries. G-CNNs use G-convolutions, a new type of layer that enjoys a substantially higher degree of weight sharing than regular convolution layers. G-convolutions increase the expressive capacity of the network without increasing the number of parameters. Group convolution layers are easy to use and can be implemented with negligible computational overhead for discrete groups generated by translations, reflections and rotations. G-CNNs achieve state of the art results on CIFAR10 and rotated MNIST.
Post Disaster Mapping With Semantic Change Detection in Satellite Imagery

Accurate road maps are important for timely disaster relief efforts and risk management. Current disaster mapping is done manually by volunteers following a disaster and the process is slow and error prone. We propose a framework for identifying accessible roads in post-disaster satellite imagery by detecting changes from pre-disaster imagery, in conjunction with OpenStreetMap data. We validate our results with data from Indonesia 2018 tsunami, obtained from DigitalGlobe.
An Examination of Hate and Bias Incidents in Pennsylvania , 1999 – 2012 By :

Center for Rural Pennsylvania, a legislative agency of the Pennsylvania General Assembly. The Center for Rural Pennsylvania is a bipartisan, bicameral legislative agency that serves as a resource for rural policy within the Pennsylvania General Assembly. It was created in 1987 under Act 16, the Rural Revitalization Act, to promote and sustain the vitality of Pennsylvania’s rural and small communities. Information contained in this report does not necessarily reflect the views of individual board members or the Center for Rural Pennsylvania. For more information, contact the Center for Rural Pennsylvania, 625 Forster St., Room 902, Harrisburg, PA 17120, telephone (717) 787-9555, email: info@rural.palegislature.us, www.rural.palegislature.us. An Examination of Hate and Bias Incidents in Pennsylvania, 1999 – 2012
Mineral dust impacts on regional precipitation and summer circulation in East Asia using a regional coupled climate system model

The climatic impacts of dust on East Asian precipitation, summer monsoon, and sea surface temperature (SST) were investigated by a regional coupled atmosphere-ocean-land model. The regional and annual mean dust clear-sky (all-sky) direct radiative forcings were predicted to be 6.65Wm 2 ( 1.78Wm ) at the surface and 3.79Wm 2 (8.65Wm ) at the top of atmosphere. The climatic effects of dust include a cooling effect below 700hPa and a warming effect above, leading to more stabilized lower troposphere and anomalously cyclonic wind over Japan and surrounding oceans. Sensitivity tests show that the “surface cooling” effect by dust could reduce evaporation over land and enhance stability of the lower atmosphere, leading to reduced vapor content and precipitation in China in the spring. However, the upward movements by the “elevated heat pump” effect of dust over northern China or by the atmospheric convergence over southern China, and the downwardmovement by the secondary circulation over central China, along with the enhanced evaporation and the weakened lapse rate over Chinese continent, lead to increased precipitation in downwind areas of dust source regions and southern China and to decreased precipitation in central China in summer. Results from this simulation also show that dust aerosol tends to weaken the East Asia summer monsoon by reducing the land-sea-temperature contrast. In addition, dust could also perturb SST by the local net heat flux rebalance as well as the northward heat transport from surrounding oceans. The anomalous northward surface wind contributes even larger on SST in June, July, and August.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Innovation of Universities : The Mediating Role of Trust in Leader

Leadership and Innovation have been both central to discussions within the academic literature. However, the number of empirical studies investigating the interaction between these two dimensions has been limited. This paper examined the mediating role of Trust in Leader, focusing on the influence of transformational Leadership (TL) on the Innovation of Palestinian universities. The study conducted a quantitative questionnaire data from (249) respondents representing the academic teaching staff of the universities in Palestine. Within this study the partial least squares-Structural equation model PLS-SEM for analyzing data and identifying the implications. Generally, the findings indicated that TL and trust in leader are significantly related to the innovation of universities in Palestine. A further result regarding the mediating role indicated that trust in leader mediates the influence of TL on innovation. Discussion on the findings and recommendations of this study were also provided.
CLONAL MACROPROPAGATION OF BAMBUSA NAGALANDIANA NAITHANI THROUGH CULM SEGMENTS AND BRANCH CUTTING: AN ENDEMIC BAMBOO OF NAGALAND, INDIA

Bambusa nagalandiana Naithani is an indigenous bamboo found in Nagaland and Mizoram, India. The species is a sympodial bamboo and identified by its yellow culm with green stripes. Because of its beautiful architecture the species is used for ornamental purpose, construction work and furniture making. The young shoots are also used as vegetable. Due to narrow distributional range and high demand for various purposes the species is under threat in the natural habitat. Present communication reports a successful attempt to develop protocol for macropropagation from culm segments and branch cuttings of this economically important threatened bamboo species.
Spillovers and Firm-level Heterogeneity : Identifying the Transmission Channels

This paper investigates transmission channels of FDI spillover effects and analyses empirically to identify the channels for the occurrence, sign and magnitude of spillover effects. Our empirical strategy recognizes the FDI spillover effects should not be interpreted with a single foreign share presence alone as is common in the literature. Using detailed panel data from Sub-Saharan’s African (SSA) firms, the study investigates how spillover effects are actually emerge. The main findings are fourfold. First, imitation-determined spillovers are found to be absorbed by all group of firms except by low technology firms. Second, competition-determined spillovers are absorbed by local firms with small technological difference, high absorptive capacity and located in geographic proximity to foreign counterparts. Third, labor mobility-determined spillovers are utilized only by firms in the low technology group. Fourth, smaller technological difference between SSA firms and FDI, higher absorptive capacity of SSA firms, geographical proximity between SSA firms and foreign affiliates and majority-foreign-owned firms within the host economies enhance the workings of the spillover channels. Results are robust to construction of spillover and outcome variables, introduction of additional explanatory variables and an alternative estimation method.
Calcaneovalgus foot in neonates : incidence and therapeutic management

Objetivo: O propósito deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a incidência do pé calcaneovalgo em recém-nascidos e comparar a eficácia do tratamento por exercícios passivos de manipulação em relação à simples observação. Casuística e métodos: Foram avaliados 615 recém-nascidos através de exame físico ortopédico minucioso. Os pacientes com diagnóstico de pé calcaneovalgo foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo A (estudo – exercícios de alongamento) e B (controle – observação); manteve-se a mesma proporção de gravidade nos dois grupos. No final de períodos preestabelecidos em três, seis e 10 semanas pós-parto, cada caso foi reavaliado observando-se a evolução da deformidade nos dois grupos. Resultados: Dos 615 recém-nascidos avaliados, encontraram-se 23 crianças com o quadro clínico característico de pé calcaneovalgo, sendo três destas com a forma bilateral, portanto, incidência de 3,7%. Em relação ao tratamento, verificou-se que, no final de 10 semanas pós-parto, tanto as crianças do grupo A (estudo) ABSTRACT
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LOAD CONDITION ON THE INTERMEDIATE DEBONDING FAILURE OF EBR-FRP STRENGTHENED RC BEAMS

Intermediate debonding is one of the most common and peculiar bond-related failure modes observed in RC beams externally strengthened in bending by bonded FRP reinforcement. This paper firstly presents some general behavioral observations derived by previous studies based on utilizing a numerical procedure implemented and validated by the authors. In particular, the correlations between the amount of steel rebars (or yielding stress) and intermediate debonding failure are outlined and the effect of the load condition on the value of FRP strain at debonding is argued by some experimental results given in literature. Looking after the key mechanical parameters controlling the bond behavior, a formula for intermediate debonding failure is derived through a design-by-testing procedure based on a wide collection of experimental results. The model uncertainties are handled through a consistent statistical procedure leading to a sound definition of the characteristic value of the relevant design quantities. Finally, the formula is refined based on the results of the aforementioned numerical procedure to take into account the effect of load condition. Further experimental results could increase the trust in predictions less conservative.
Towards an Integration of the Actor Model in an FRP Language for Small-Scale Embedded Systems

This paper presents an integration of the Actor model in Emfrp, a functional reactive programming language designed for resource constrained embedded systems. In this integration, actors not only express nodes that represent time-varying values, but also present communication mechanism. The integration provides a higherlevel view of the internal representation of nodes, representations of time-varying values, as well as an actor-based inter-device communication mechanism.
Boltzmann Encoded Adversarial Machines Boltzmann Encoded Adversarial Machines

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are a class of generative neural network that are typically trained to maximize a log-likelihood objective function. We argue that likelihoodbased training strategies may fail because the objective does not sufficiently penalize models that place a high probability in regions where the training data distribution has low probability. To overcome this problem, we introduce Boltzmann Encoded Adversarial Machines (BEAMs). A BEAM is an RBM trained against an adversary that uses the hidden layer activations of the RBM to discriminate between the training data and the probability distribution generated by the model. We present experiments demonstrating that BEAMs outperform RBMs and GANs on multiple benchmarks.
Missing Labels in Object Detection

Object detection is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Impressive results have been achieved on largescale detection benchmarks by fully-supervised object detection (FSOD) methods. However, FSOD performance is highly affected by the quality of annotations available in training. Furthermore, FSOD approaches require tremendous instance-level annotations, which are time-consuming to collect. In contrast, weakly supervised object detection (WSOD) exploits easily-collected image-level labels while it suffers from relatively inferior detection performance. In this paper, we study the effect of missing annotations on FSOD methods and analyze approaches to train an object detector from a hybrid dataset, where both instancelevel and image-level labels are employed. Extensive experiments on the challenging PASCAL VOC 2007 and 2012 benchmarks strongly demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, which gives a trade-off between collecting fewer annotations and building a more accurate object detector. Our method is also a strong baseline bridging the wide gap between FSOD and WSOD performances.
A Paradigm Shift in Classroom Learning Practices to Propose Methods Aligned with a Neuroeducation Conceptual Framework

The overall purpose of this study was to propose an alignment between the research reported in the literature on language acquisition and language function and how that research is represented in current literacy practices. This study considered neuroscience, which can provide critical insights into how children learn, alongside theories of cognitive psychology, which help educators understand how children learn to think. Overlapping neuroscience and cognitive psychology, language both represents thinking and mediates thinking; a critical component for literacy acquisition. The study both develops and recommends a paradigm shift in classroom learning practices that are aligned to Arwood’s Neuroeducation theoretical framework. The literature was triangulated through the overlap of language theory, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience to explore and develop neuroeducation definition for language, language acquisition, learning and their impact upon the acquisition of literacy processes. Four questions were addressed. First, common instructional practices were identified and analyzed, finding behaviorism and cognitive psychology as the dominant theories underlying prevalent literacy instructional practices. Next, an examination of the literature provided evidence to identify tenets aligning with neuroeducation. Third, transcribed interactions between students and teacher in a second grade classroom were analyzed and coded using the three lenses of neuroeducation. The coding cycles determined that conceptual elements identified iv within the review of literature could also be found in classroom practice. Finally, nine years of reading data (Developmental Reading Assessment) from a teacher in a first grade environment based upon language acquisition and neuroscience from a lowincome, high English Language Learner population was analyzed; after year three, 90% or more students met or exceeded district proficiency levels, demonstrating the efficacy of the neuroeducation model. The study adds to the literature by delineating language function versus language structure in classroom practice. This research adds to the emerging field of neuroeducation by introducing the impact of the acquisition and function of language on the development of the function and structures of the brain. This study also provides data demonstrating the efficacy of a neuroeducation based learning environment. This research recommends neuroscience and language theory become part of future teacher education programs for future systemic change.
The Supply and Use of Broadband in Rural Australia: An Explanatory Case Study of the Western Downs Region

This research seeks to provide an understanding of broadband infrastructure supply and its relationship with household broadband use and satisfaction in rural Australia through an explanatory case study of the Western Downs Region (WDR). The Broadband Ecosystem provided a comprehensive framework for examining broadband infrastructure supply and household use and satisfaction with broadband services. Publicly available data was used to map the coverage of broadband access technologies in WDR. A large scale survey assessed household use and satisfaction with broadband services available in WDR. Our findings indicate that rural regions such as WDR are highly reliant on wireless broadband which is more variable in reliability and less affordable comparative to wired broadband. Our findings also indicate that household dissatisfaction with wireless broadband services is particularly evident in remote and outer regional areas. This suggests that the lack of reliable and affordable wireless broadband services with adequate data quotas are a real barrier to rural communities such as the WDR actively participating in a digital future. This study provided a number of important contributions. The broadband ecosystem provided a comprehensive framework for understanding the complex problem of broadband access in rural Australia by analysing two units of analysis, broadband infrastructure (supply) and broadband use and satisfaction (demand). Broadband infrastructure is an important and under-researched area in information systems. Future government policy needs to ensure that access to reliable and high speed broadband services is part of its universal service obligation so that the current shortcomings in broadband infrastructure in rural Australia will be prioritised and addressed. We believe this will require a commitment from future Governments to facilitate both public and private investment in broadband infrastructure in rural Australia.
AVIAN MORTALITY AT A SOLAR ENERGY POWER PLANT

In 1979, the United States Department of Energy, in conjunction with the Southern California Edison Company (SCE) and the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, initiated the construction of Solar One, the world's largest solar energy power plant (Fig. 1). Until the construction of Solar One, the use of the sun's energy to produce electrical power had not been attempted on this scale, and the environmental hazards of operation of a solar power plant were unknown. In this paper we report on bird mortality at Solar One.
Scrutinizing an algorithmic technique: the Bayes classifier as interested reading of reality

ABSTRACT This paper outlines the notion of ‘algorithmic technique’ as a middle ground between concrete, implemented algorithms and the broader study and theorization of software. Algorithmic techniques specify principles and methods for doing things in the medium of software and they thus constitute units of knowledge and expertise in the domain of software making. I suggest that algorithmic techniques are a suitable object of study for the humanities and social science since they capture the central technical principles behind actual software, but can generally be described in accessible language. To make my case, I focus on the field of information ordering and, first, discuss the wider historical trajectory of formal or ‘mechanical’ reasoning applied to matters of commerce and government before, second, moving to the investigation of a particular algorithmic technique, the Bayes classifier. This technique is explicated through a reading of the original work of M. E. Maron in the early 1960 and presented as a means to subject empirical, ‘datafied’ reality to an interested reading that confers meaning to each variable in relation to an operational goal. After a discussion of the Bayes classifier in relation to the question of power, the paper concludes by coming back to its initial motive and argues for increased attention to algorithmic techniques in the study of software.
Flexitest An Innovative Flexibility Assessment Method

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Infrastructure Concessions in Latin America Government-led

This paper complements the existing knowledge in the renegotiation literature on infrastructure concessions by analyzing government-led renegotiations. We first propose a multiple-period theoretical framework in which both Pareto improving and rent shifting renegotiations at the initiative of the government can occur. We then perform an empirical analysis based on a sample of 307 water and transport projects in five Latin American countries between 1989 and 2000. While some of the main insights from the previous literature are unchanged, for example concerning the importance of having a regulator in place when awarding concessions and the fragility of price cap regulatory schemes, there are also significant differences as predicted by the model, in particular with respect to the effect of investment and financing, as well as the corruption variables. We provide additional evidence showing that a good regulatory framework is especially important in contexts with weak governance and political opportunism.