Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shyness and Learning Adjustment in Senior High School Students: Mediating Roles of Goal Orientation and Academic Help Seeking

Learning maladjustment is a common phenomenon in the context of examination-oriented education system in china, especially among high school students who experience intense pressure when preparing for the national college entrance examination. Previous literature suggests that shyness may negatively affect ones’ cognition, emotion, and behavioral performance and lead to academic and social maladjustment. Therefore, learning adjustment among shy high school students is a critical and practical point of inquiry. With a sample of 677 Chinese senior high school students, this study aims to assess the association between shyness and learning adjustment and related mechanisms of goal orientation (i.e., mastery-approach goals, mastery-avoid goals, performance-approach goals, and performance-avoid goals) and academic help seeking (i.e., instrumental help seeking from teacher, instrumental help seeking from classmate, executive help seeking, and avoidance of help seeking). Self-report measures were adopted to collect information on: demographic characteristics, the level of shyness, goal orientation, academic help seeking, and learning adjustment. Results indicated that shyness was negatively correlated with learning adjustment, and this association was mediated by the dimensions of goal orientation and dimensions of academic help seeking. Specifically, shyness not only predicted learning adjustment through mastery-approach goals, and instrumental help seeking (teachers) but also predicted learning adjustment through the multiple mediating effects of the dimensions of goal orientation and the dimensions of academic help seeking (i.e., mastery-approach goals and instrumental help seeking from teachers, mastery-approach goals and executive help seeking, mastery-avoid goals and instrumental help seeking from classmates, mastery-avoid goals and executive help seeking, and performance-avoid goals and executive help seeking). Identifying these mediators further enables us to work out effective measures to promote shy high school students’ learning adjustment.
Galleria mellonella: A Novel Invertebrate Model to Distinguish Intestinal Symbionts From Pathobionts

Insects and mammals share evolutionary conserved innate immune responses to maintain intestinal homeostasis. We investigated whether the larvae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella may be used as an experimental organism to distinguish between symbiotic Bacteroides vulgatus and pathobiotic Escherichia coli, which are mammalian intestinal commensals. Oral application of the symbiont or pathobiont to G. mellonella resulted in clearly distinguishable innate immune responses that could be verified by analyzing similar innate immune components in mice in vivo and in vitro. The differential innate immune responses were initiated by the recognition of bacterial components via pattern recognition receptors. The pathobiont detection resulted in increased expression of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species related genes as well as antimicrobial peptide gene expression. In contrast, the treatment/application with symbiotic bacteria led to weakened immune responses in both mammalian and insect models. As symbionts and pathobionts play a crucial role in development of inflammatory bowel diseases, we hence suggest G. mellonella as a future replacement organism in inflammatory bowel disease research.
COLLEGIUM OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS WORKING PAPER SERIES Social Network Structure and The Trade-Off Between Social Utility and Economic Performance

Based on a novel computational multi-agent model, we identify the key mechanisms allowing the social network structure, summarized by four key social capital dimensions (network degree, centrality, bridging and bonding social capital), to affect individuals’ social trust, willingness to cooperate, social utility and economic performance. We then trace how the individual-level outcomes aggregate up to the society level. Model setup draws from socio-economic theory and empirical findings based on our novel survey dataset. Results include aggregate-level comparative statics and individual-level correlations. We find, inter alia, that societies that either are better connected, exhibit a lower frequency of local cliques, or have a smaller share of family-based cliques, record relatively better economic performance. As long as family ties are sufficiently valuable, there is a trade-off between aggregate social utility and economic performance, and small world networks are then socially optimal.
HCRCaaS: A Handwritten Character Recognition Container as a Service Based on QoS Guarantee Algorithm

Handwritten character recognition (HCR) is a mainstream mobile device input method that has attracted significant research interest. Although previous studies have delivered reasonable recognition accuracy, it remains difficult to directly embed the advanced HCR service into mobile device software and obtain excellent but fast results. Cloud computing is a relatively new online computational resource provider which can satisfy the elastic resource requirements of the advanced HCR service with high-recognition accuracy. However, owing to the delay sensitivity of the character recognition service, the performance loss in the traditional cloud virtualization technology (e.g., kernel-based virtual machine (KVM)) may impair the performance. In addition, the improper computational resource scheduling in cloud computing impairs not only the performance but also the resource utilization. Thus, the HCR online service is required to guarantee the performance and improve the resource utilization of the HCR service in cloud computing. To address these problems, in this paper, we propose an HCR container as a service (HCRCaaS) in cloud computing. We address several key contributions: (1) designing an HCR engine on the basis of deep convolution neutral networks as a demo for an advanced HCR engine with better recognition accuracy, (2) providing an isolated lightweight runtime environment for high performance and easy expansion, and (3) designing a greedy resource scheduling algorithm based on the performance evaluation to optimize the resource utilization under a quality of service (QoS) guaranteeing. Experimental results show that our system not only reduces the performance loss compared with traditional cloud computing under the advanced HCR algorithm but also improves the resource utilization appropriately under the QoS guaranteeing. This study also provides a valuable reference for other related studies.
Typing, representing, and abstracting control: functional pearl

A well known technique to implement programming languages with delimited control operators shift and reset is to translate programs into continuation passing style (CPS). We can iterate the CPS translation to obtain the CPS hierarchy and to implement a family of control operators shifti and reseti. This functional pearl retells the story of a family of delimited control operators and their translation to lambda calculus via the CPS hierarchy. Prior work on the CPS hierarchy fixes a level of n control operators for the entire program upfront, but we allow different parts of the program to live at different levels. It turns out that taking shift0 rather than shift as the basis for the family of control operators is essential for this. Our source language is a typed embedding in the dependently typed language Idris. Our target language is a HOAS embedding in Idris. The translation avoids administrative beta- and eta-redexes at all levels of the CPS hierarchy, by iterating well-known techniques for the non-iterated CPS translation.
Development of the Care Environment Scale–Long-Term Care

A critical dimension of Quality Assurance and Performance Improvement (QAPI) activity in long-term care is an analysis of the care environment, that is, the way care and services are organized. The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot test a psychometrically sound tool that long-term care staff could use to assess the care environment and guide performance improvement activity. Focus groups with 57 interdisciplinary participants in five nursing homes developed initial items, with excellent content validity (item content validity index = 1.0) evaluated by an expert panel. Pilot testing of internal consistency of the Care Environment Scale–Long-Term Care (CES-LTC) was conducted in a web-based administration of the items by 425 interdisciplinary staff members in 30 nursing homes and four assisted living facilities. The CES-LTC is internally consistent (Cronbach’s alpha = .90) and accounts for approximately 71.6% of the total variance. The three factors extracted from the exploratory factor analysis are Institutional Values (k = 6), Access to Resources (k = 10), and Person-Centered Approaches (k = 12). Intrarater reliability in a subsample of 66 registered nurses revealed good test-retest results (overall intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.78). The CES-LTC appears to be a valid and reliable measure of staff perceptions of the care environment and may be used to actively engage staff in QAPI endeavors including root cause analyses and improvement activity.
Sitagliptin treatment increases GLP‐1 without improving diabetes outcomes after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation

Insulin independence after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) is limited by a high rate of beta cell apoptosis [1]. The gut-derived hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) have beta cell protective properties, in addition to potentiating insulin secretion [2]. These hormones are degraded by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) in-vivo, and can be increased by inhibition of DPP-4 [3]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Consumers Better Understand and Prefer Simplified Written Drug Information: An Evaluation of 2 Novel Formats Versus the Current CMI

Patients in the United States receive multiple forms of written drug information with their prescription medicines. This study solicited consumers’ preferences about formatting of information, their motivation to read drug information, and their ability to navigate and understand the information. A 3 × 3 study design was used in which 3 prototypes for 3 prescription drugs, ORTHO TRI-CYCLEN™ (norgestimate/ethinyl estradiol), COUMADIN™ (warfarin sodium), and PARNATE™ (tranylcypromine sulfate), were evaluated. The prototypes included 2 novel formats (“new” and “bubble”) and the “current” format that patients now commonly receive with their prescriptions. A total of 105 consumers participated in the study. Consumers correctly answered more questions about the medicine when presented with a new (70%-95%) or a bubble prototype (83%-92%) than with the current format (53%-74%). All attributes scored higher with both prototypes compared with the current format. However, in terms of overall preference, consumers favored the new prototype and indicated that they would be more motivated to read it. Consumers also reported that simple icons assisted them in finding important information. The new and bubble prototypes were favored by participants more than the current format. Key attributes preferred by consumers must be considered as new formats for patient medication information are developed.
Intermolecular interactions upon carbon dioxide capture in deep-eutectic solvents.

Herein we report the CO2 uptake in potential deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) formed between hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) such as monoethanolammonium chloride ([MEA·Cl]), 1-methylimidazolium chloride ([HMIM·Cl]) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide ([TBAB]) and hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) like ethylenediamine ([EDA]), diethylenetriamine ([DETA]), tetraethylenepentamine ([TEPA]), pentaethylenehexamine ([PEHA]), 3-amino-1-propanol ([AP]) and aminomethoxypropanol ([AMP]) and analyzed the outcome in terms of the specific polarity parameters. Among various combinations of HBAs and HBDs, [MEA·Cl][EDA]-, [MEA·Cl][AP]-, [HMIM·Cl][EDA]- and [HMIM·Cl][AP] showed excellent CO2 uptake which was further improved upon increasing the mole ratio of HBA : HBD from 1 : 1 to 1 : 4. The lowest CO2 uptake in [MEA·Cl][PEHA] (12.7 wt%) and [HMIM·Cl][PEHA] (8.4 wt%) despite the highest basicity of [PEHA] infers that the basicity is not the sole criteria for guiding the CO2 uptake but, in reality, CO2 capture in a DES relies on the interplay of H-bonding interactions between each HBA and HBD. The role of HBAs in guiding CO2 uptake was more prominent with weak HBDs such as [TEPA] and [PEHA]. The speciation of absorbed CO2 into carbamate, carbonate, and bicarbonate was favorable in DES characterized by comparable hydrogen bond donor acidity (α) and hydrogen bond acceptor basicity (β) values, whereas the conversion of carbamate to carbonate/bicarbonate was observed to depend on α. The addition of water in DES resulted in lower CO2 uptake due to the decreased basicity (β).
Alcoholic family marital heterogeneity aggregates different child behavior problems both pre- and postseparation

Abstract Children of alcoholics (COAs) are at risk for elevated internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Yet, little is known about the familial and behavioral adjustments of COAs following parental separation. Using an ecological–transactional framework, we examined how multiple risk factors contributed to the formation of different alcoholic family structures and how living in heterogeneous family structures affected COAs’ behavioral problems. The Michigan Longitudinal Study, a multiwave study on initially intact alcoholic and control families with preschool-age children (n = 503), was used to evaluate outcomes of offspring, when families either remained intact or were separated when the child was aged 12–14. Alcoholic families who later transitioned into stepfamilies were characterized with higher paternal antisociality, marital aggression, and serious family crises than alcoholic families that remained intact. COAs in stepfamilies (but not in single-parent families) exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in preadolescence compared with those in alcoholic intact families, in part because of elevated behavioral risk at age 3. Structural equation modeling indicated that the aggregated risk of stepfamily residence directly related to COAs’ internalizing and indirectly related to COAs’ externalizing problems, partially mediated by family stressors. Findings suggest targeting COAs in separated families for early intervention.
Association of Wnt Inhibitors, Bone Mineral Density and Lifestyle Parameters in Women with Breast Cancer Treated with Anastrozole Therapy

Aim: To determine the levels of Wnt inhibitors in patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) prior to therapy and to investigate their association with bone mineral density (BMD) and lifestyle parameters. Methods: 137 breast cancer patients were divided into a group treated with 1 mg of anastrozole and a group w/o anastrozole therapy. Serum concentrations of sclerostin and dickkopf1 (DKK1) were measured by ELISA. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Lifestyle factors were investigated by a self-reported questionnaire. Results: Sclerostin was significantly higher in the AI-treated group (31.8 pmol/L vs. 24.1 pmol/L; p < 0.001), whereas DKK1 was significantly lower in the AI-treated group (24.3 pmol/L vs. 26.02 pmol/L; p < 0.001). Total hip and femoral neck BMD were significantly lower in the AI-treated group. Conclusion: AI treatment was associated with increased levels of sclerostin and decreased levels of DKK1.
Average Performance of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) for Sparse Approximation

We present a theoretical analysis of the average performance of orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) for sparse approximation. For signals that are generated from a dictionary with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> atoms and coherence <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math> </inline-formula> and coefficients corresponding to a geometric sequence with parameter <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha < 1$</tex-math></inline-formula>, we show that OMP is successful with high probability as long as the sparsity level <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$</tex-math></inline-formula> scales as <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S\mu ^2 \log K \lesssim 1-\alpha$</tex-math></inline-formula>. This improves by an order of magnitude over worst case results and shows that OMP and its famous competitor Basis Pursuit outperform each other depending on the setting.
In vitro comparison of the effects of microwave irradiation and chemical and mechanical methods on the disinfection of complete dentures contaminated with Candida albicans

Background: Dentures can be a source of infection or cross-contamination with microorganisms like Candida albicans. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of microwave irradiation, chemical techniques, and a mechanical method (i.e., brushing) on the disinfection of complete dentures contaminated with C. albicans. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, sixty sterilized dentures were divided into six groups of 10 dentures each. The dentures in Groups 1 and 6 served as negative and positive controls, respectively. The dentures (Groups 2–5) were contaminated with C. albicans and subjected to four disinfection procedures: Corega tablets, 2% glutaraldehyde, brushing, and microwave irradiation. Replicate aliquots (25 mL) of the suspension were cultured in Sabouraud dextrose broth. The colonies were counted after 48 h of incubation at 37°C. To confirm long-term disinfection, the Trypticase soy broth (TSB) containers were stored at 37°C for 7 days, and turbidity was visually observed. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and independent-samples t-test on SPSS the level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: The dentures disinfected with microwave irradiation (650 W, 3 min) and glutaraldehyde (2%, 10 min) exhibited no evidence of fungal growth after 48 h of incubation and also no turbidity in the TSB containers after 7 days of incubation. However, the dentures disinfected using the mechanical method and Corega tablets exhibited turbidity after 7 days and fungal growth after 48 h that was significantly more than that in the two other methods (P = 0.000) and less than that in the positive control group (P = 0.000). The differences between mechanical cleaning and cleansing tablet were not significant (P = 0.017). Conclusion: Base on the results of this study, microwave irradiation (650 W, 3 min) and 2% glutaraldehyde completely disinfected the dentures contaminated with C. albicans in the short term and long term.
Association between glucose‐lowering treatment and cancer metastasis among patients with preexisting type 2 diabetes and incident malignancy

Preclinical data suggested that dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors may promote metastatic progression of preexisting cancer via nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) activation. We aimed to investigate the association between different glucose‐lowering treatments, including DPP‐4 inhibitors and metformin, both with potential NRF2 modulating effects, and new‐onset metastatic cancer among type 2 diabetes patients with comorbid incident cancer. This population‐based cohort study included 223,530 diabetic patients newly diagnosed with primary cancer during 2009–2011 in Korea. The patients were categorized into five study cohorts in accordance with treatment modalities during the follow‐up until the end of 2016: no‐antidiabetic drugs (no‐AD), metformin, DPP‐4 inhibitors, metformin+DPP‐4 inhibitors, and insulin treatment. After propensity score (PS) matching in a 1:1 ratio against the no‐AD group, 18,805 patients in metformin, 1,865 in DPP‐4 inhibitors, 31,074 in metformin+DPP‐4 inhibitors, and 1,895 patients in insulin groups were identified for cohort entry and analyzed against the corresponding number of no‐AD patients in each PS‐matched comparison pair. Metastatic risk was lower with metformin plus or minus DPP‐4 inhibitors (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79–0.90 and 0.87, 0.80–0.95, respectively), not significantly associated with DPP‐4 inhibitors (0.99, 0.77–1.29) except after thyroid cancer (3.89, 1.01–9.64), and higher with insulin therapy (1.81, 1.46–2.24) compared to no‐AD use for all cancers combined. In conclusion, DPP‐4 inhibitor therapy was not associated with significant risk of cancer metastasis relative to no‐AD therapy, irrespective of patient age and sex, except after thyroid cancer, while metastatic risk was decreased with metformin treatment among type 2 diabetes patients with preexisting cancer.
Immunogenic Effect of Hyperthermia on Enhancing Radiotherapeutic Efficacy

Hyperthermia is a cancer treatment where tumor tissue is heated to around 40 °C. Hyperthermia shows both cancer cell cytotoxicity and immune response stimulation via immune cell activation. Immunogenic responses encompass the innate and adaptive immune systems, involving the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and T cells. Moreover, hyperthermia is commonly used in combination with different treatment modalities, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, for better clinical outcomes. In this review, we will focus on hyperthermia-induced immunogenic effects and molecular events to improve radiotherapy efficacy. The beneficial potential of integrating radiotherapy with hyperthermia is also discussed.
A Moderate Supplementation of Native Whey Protein Promotes Better Muscle Training and Recovery Adaptations Than Standard Whey Protein – A 12-Week Electrical Stimulation and Plyometrics Training Study

The purpose of this study was to assess if native whey protein (NW) supplementation could promote recovery and training adaptations after an electrostimulation (ES) training program combined to plyometrics training. Participants were allocated into three groups, supplemented 5 days/week, either with 15 g of carbohydrates + 15 g of NW (n = 17), 15 g of carbohydrates + 15 g of standard whey protein (SW; n = 15), or placebo (PLA; 30 g of carbohydrates; n = 10), while undergoing a 12-week ES training program of the knee extensors. Concentric power (Pmax) was evaluated before, immediately after, as well as 30 min, 60 min, 24 h, and 48 h after the 1st, 4th and last ES training session. The maximal voluntary contraction torque (MVC), twitch amplitude, anatomical cross-sectional area (CSA) and maximal voluntary activation level (VA) were measured before (T0), and after 6 (T1) and 12 weeks of training (T2). Pmax recovery kinetics differed between groups (p < 0.01). Pmax started to recover at 30 min in NW, 24 h in SW and 48 h in PLA. Training adaptations also differed between groups: MVC increased between T0 and T2 in NW (+11.8%, p < 0.001) and SW (+7.1%, p < 0.05), but not PLA. Nevertheless, the adaptation kinetics differed: MVC increased in NW and SW between T0 and T1, but an additional gain was only observed between T1 and T2 in NW. VA declined at T1 and T2 in PLA (−3.9%, p < 0.05), at T2 in SW (−3.5%, p < 0.05), and was unchanged in NW. CSA increased, but did not differ between groups. These results suggest that NW could promote a faster recovery and neuromuscular adaptations after training than SW. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain to be identified.