Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bivariate Latent-Change-Score Analysis of Peer Relations From Early Childhood to Adolescence: Leading or Lagging Indicators of Psychopathology

Understanding longitudinal associations between problematic peer relations and psychopathology is needed to inform public health. Three models have been proposed: Poor peer relations (a) lead or are a risk factor for psychopathology, (b) lag or are a consequence of psychopathology, or (c) both lead and lag psychopathology. Another model is that poor peer relations lead or lag psychopathology depending on the developmental period. To test these models, youths’ peer relations and clinical symptoms were assessed up to six times between ages 3 and 11 in 306 children. Bivariate latent-change-score models tested leading and lagging longitudinal relationships between children’s peer relations (peer victimization/rejection, peer-directed aggression, social withdrawal, prosocial behavior) and psychopathology (depression, anxiety, and externalizing symptoms). Peer victimization/rejection was a leading indicator of depression from early childhood into preadolescence. Peer-directed aggression was a leading indicator of externalizing symptoms (in late childhood).
Isolation and Identification of Plant Growth Promoting and Chromium Uptake Enhancing Bacteria from Soil Contaminated by Leather Tanning Industrial Waste

Abstract: Hexavalent chromium is considered as a priority pollutant. Phytoremediation has been widely pursued for the cleanup of heavy metal from contaminated area. The success of phytoremediation is depending on two factors: metal accumulating capability and biomass production of the plants. This paper reports on the isolation and characterization of rhizobacteria having ability to promote plant growth and increase its chromium uptake. Thirty nine of bacterial isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere of wild plants ( Sida sp., Sida acuta , Sida rhombifolia , Eupatorium sp., Acelypha sp, Acelypha indica , Amaranthus caudatus , Borreria sp., Leucas lavandulifolia , Eleusine indica , Pennisetum purpurium , Imperata cylindrical , and Vigna sinensis ) grow well on soil contaminated by leather tanning industrial waste. Three isolates, namely I26, I30, and I37, have an ability to enhance biomass production of maize ( Zea mays ) by 2.3, 2.6, and 4.0 times higher compare to the uninoculated one, respectively. The isolates also have an ability to increase chromium uptake by the maize from 7 to 14 times. All of the isolates increase the accumulation of Cr in the maize root. The 16S rDNA gene sequence of the isolates relates them to Agrobacterium tumefaciens .
Particle precipitation characteristics in the dayside four‐sheet field‐aligned current structure

Received 23 August 2006; revised 12 February 2007; accepted 1 March 2007; published 23 June 2007. [1] We study the statistical characteristics of four-sheet structures of large scale field-aligned currents (FACs) with an emphasis on particle precipitation collocated with each FAC sheet observed in dayside using magnetic field and particle precipitation data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). A total of 3247 four-sheet events were identified by applying an automatic procedure to the magnetic field data. The occurrence frequency of the events was less than 10% in each magnetic local time (MLT) sector for both hemispheres. The selected events were classified into two groups (type W and type M) with respect to the polarity of FACs. The polarity of the most equatorward type W (type M) FAC sheet is upward (downward). Type W (type M) events are observed predominantly in the morning (evening) sector and display a clear interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) BY dependence. Type W (type M) events appear for negative (positive) IMF BY in the Northern Hemisphere with the opposite dependence in the Southern Hemisphere. For each FAC sheet for type W events, we examined the occurrence of different precipitation regions identified with another automatic procedure. The most equatorward FAC sheet is collocated predominantly with central plasma sheet precipitation except for the prenoon sector, where boundary plasma sheet (BPS) precipitation has the highest occurrence. For the second and the third equatorward sheets, boundary layer-like precipitation, BPS near dawn and low-latitude boundary layer near noon, is dominant. In the most poleward sheet, mantle precipitation was observed frequently near noon, while BPS precipitation was dominant at earlier MLTs. These results, especially precipitation characteristics near noon, are consistent with our interpretation of the four-sheet structures, which is based on IMF BY dependence of convection patterns consisting of lobe, merging, and viscous cells.
The Sanborn field experiment: implications for long-term soil organic carbon levels.

With the potential for generating biofuels from crop residues, many scientists and policymakers are seeking data on what would be the long-term influence of biomass removal on soil organic matter levels. This paper shares the experience of 100 yr of various cropping systems management applications to soil organic carbon (SOC) levels on historic Sanborn Field. Established in 1888, Sanborn Field has employed monocultures and crop rotations to assess the influence of various treatments on crop yield, changes in soil properties, and long-term sustainability. Soil samples to nearly 1 m from 1915, 1938, 1962, and 1988 for selected cropping management practices were analyzed for SOC. In the initial design of the plot plan, residues from Sanborn Field were removed from plots to simulate the use of these materials in an animal production system. In 1950 the management program was changed to return residues to each specific plot and for increased utilization ofN fertilizers. Little increase in SOC was observed in samples from 1962, 12 yr after the return of residues. In many systems, surface SOC decreased from 1915 to 1962 with an increase for the 1988 samples. After initiation of residue return, manure only treatments nearly returned to 1915 SOC contents in the surface soil. This increase was a result of the nutrients from the manure in concert with the residues. SOC distribution over the time period for rotations did not follow the patterns of monocultures. It appears that an equilibrium level of SOC for some cropping systems takes about 30 to 40 yr to develop. Initial active carbon (AC) content assessment as a proxy for soil quality shows greater AC with manure and higher input management systems. The AC had a wide seasonal flux within a growing season as a function of temperature and moisture fluxes on microbial activity.
Growth, otolith growth and RNA/DNA ratios of larval plaice Pleuronectes platessa in the North Sea 1987 to 1989

Somatic growth, otolith growth and RNNDNA ratios of larval plaice were studied in the southern North Sea during the years 1987 to 1989. Somatic growth rates were strongly correlated with seawater temperature. Both otolith growth and RNAIDNA ratios were correlated with somatic growth. Age at metamorphosis declined with increasing temperature, but there was no relationshp between size at metamorphosis and temperature. Development seemed to be more related to temperature than to size. Large between-year differences were observed in the relationship between body size and otolith diameter. Otolith growth indces were used to compare back-calculated otolith growth between years or periods. In general growth was positively related to temperature, but early otolith growth was fastest at intermediate temperatures. It is proposed that the high temperature in 1989 had a negative effect on growth during the early larval stages, but a positive effect on the later stages.
UFOs in the LHC: Observations, studies and extrapolations. oai:cds.cern.ch:14

Unidentified falling objects (UFOs) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. They are presumably micrometer sized dust particles which lead to fast beam losses when they interact with the beam. With large-scale increases and optimizations of the beam loss monitor (BLM) thresholds, their impact on LHC availability wasmitigatedfrommid2011onwards. For higherbeam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. In 2011/12, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved: dedicatedexperimentsandmeasurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. The state of knowledge, extrapolations for nominal LHC operation and mitigation strategies are presented. OBSERVATIONS AND CORRELATIONS
Mahila Samridhi Yojana: A Socio-Personal and Socio-Economic Study of Rural Women of Gwalior District of Madhya Pradesh

Women play pivotal role in rural development in developing countries, among the poor, rural women are the poorest and more venerable. With the objective of providing economics security to the rural women and to encourage, the saving habit among them, NMDF introduced the scheme of Mahila Samridhi Yojana on 2nd October 1993 which Links Micro-credit to the women after training. The objective of this study was too study Socio-Personal and Socio-Economic Characteristics of beneficiaries of MSY where the Mahila Samridhi Yojana has been carried out in the past and is still in operation. The study was conducted in Morar block of Gwalior district. The district comprises of 4 blocks namely- Morar, Ghatigaon, Dabra, Bhitarwar. Three Villages of each block were selected purposively. Total twelve villages were selected for collection of primary data under study. Twenty five rural women of each village were selected randomly for the study. Thus the total 300 rural women were selected for the purpose. It was find in study that Majority of the beneficiary respondents had medium to big size of family.Majority of the beneficiary respondents had nuclear family. Most of the respondents had poor family background. Majority of the respondents had medium participation in social activities. Majority of the respondents engaged in farming as a main occupation. Majority of the rural women had marginal to small land holding. Maximum of the rural women had moderate credit orientation. Maximum number of the rural women was in medium to high extension participation category. Majority of the rural women were in favorable category regarding attitude towards Govt. Schemes. More than half of the rural women were having medium knowledge about Mahila Samridhi Yojana.
Fitness costs associated with three mutant acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase alleles endowing herbicide resistance in black‐grass Alopecurus myosuroides

Summary 1 Pleiotropic effects associated with genes endowing resistance to herbicides are generally predicted to reduce plant fitness. Quantifying these effects is necessary to develop management strategies against herbicide-resistant weeds. We assessed the pleiotropic effects associated with three mutant alleles of the herbicide target enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) on plant growth and seed production in black-grass Alopecurus myosuroides. 2 In each of two field experiments, black-grass populations segregating for Leu-1781 (five populations), Asn-2041 (three populations) or Gly-2078 (two populations) ACCase were produced to obtain several distinct, homogenized genetic backgrounds and to permit reliable comparisons among wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous mutant ACCase plants grown in competition with a wheat crop. 3 No significant differences from wild-type plants in vegetative biomass, height and seed production were observed in Leu-1781 or Asn-2041 ACCase plants. 4 Over both experiments, homozygous Gly-2078 ACCase plants displayed a significant reduction in biomass (42%), height (6%) and seed production (36%). Reduction varied with the segregating population and between field experiments. 5 Synthesis and applications. Our work illustrates the variation in fitness cost depending on the resistance gene, the plant genetic background and the environment. This underlines the necessity to identify the resistance gene(s) present in a weed population before designing resistance-management strategies. Competitive crops should be effective against Gly-2078 ACCase plants. The effect of resistant ACCase alleles on seed survival and germination needs to be studied in order to develop cultural practices creating or maximizing fitness costs in resistant plants. However, the variation of fitness cost with the environment and the weed population, as well as the likely absence of fitness cost associated with resistance genes such as Leu-1781 ACCase, renders the success of specific cultural control practices uncertain. A solution could be a weed control programme maximizing the diversity of cultural practices and including anti-resistance cultural practices to avoid or reduce selection for resistant ACCase alleles.
The Beginning of the Early Bronze Age in the North Jordan Valley: New 14C Determinations from Pella in Jordan

This article reports on 10 new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates from early phases of the Early Bronze Age at the long-lived settlement of Pella (modern Tabaqat Fahl) in the north Jordan Valley. The new AMS dates fall between 3400 and 2800 cal BC, and support a recent suggestion that all Chalcolithic period occupation had ceased by 3800/3700 cal BC at the latest (Bourke et al. 2004b). Other recently published Early Bronze Age 14C data strongly supports this revisionist scenario, suggesting that the earliest phase of the Early Bronze Age (EBA I) occupied much of the 4th millennium cal BC (3800/3700 to 3100/3000 cal BC). As this EB I period in the Jordan Valley is generally viewed as the key precursor phase in the development of urbanism (Joffe 1993), this revisionist chronology has potentially radical significance for understanding both the nature and speed of the move from village settlement towards a complex urban lifeway.
Is Small Beautiful?: Size Effects of Volatility Spillovers

This paper examines the size effects of volatility spillovers for firm performance and exchange rates with asymmetry in the Taiwan tourism industry. The analysis is based on two conditional multivariate models, BEKK-AGARCH and VARMA-AGARCH, in the volatility specification. Daily data from 1 July 2008 to 29 June 2012 for 999 firms are used, which covers the Global Financial Crisis. The empirical findings indicate that there are size effects on volatility spillovers from the exchange rate to firm performance. Specifically, the risk for firm size has different effects from the three leading tourism sources to Taiwan, namely USA, Japan, and China. Furthermore, all the return series reveal quite high volatility spillovers (at over sixty percent) with a one-period lag. The empirical results show a negative correlation between exchange rate returns and stock returns. However, the asymmetric effect of the shock is ambiguous, owing to conflicts in the significance and signs of the asymmetry effect in the two estimated multivariate GARCH models. The empirical findings provide financial managers with a better understanding of how firm size is related to financial performance, risk and portfolio management strategies that can be used in practice.
Anti-concentration in most directions

We prove anti-concentration bounds for the inner product of two independent random vectors. For example, we show that if $A,B$ are subsets of the cube $\{\pm 1\}^n$ with $|A| \cdot |B| \geq 2^{1.01 n}$, and $X \in A$ and $Y \in B$ are sampled independently and uniformly, then the inner product $\langle X, Y \rangle$ takes on any fixed value with probability at most $O(\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}})$. Extending Hal\'asz work, we prove stronger bounds when the choices for $x$ are unstructured. We also describe applications to communication complexity, randomness extraction and additive combinatorics.
Monitoring the effects of an education for peace program: An Israeli perspective

The aim of the current study was to monitor the changes that individual participants experienced as a result of taking part in a peace education program. The findings of prior analyses led to the understanding that participating in a peace program does not always ensure positive changes and may even cause a regression in attitudes. The present study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the researchers learned about the processes that participants underwent during a peace education program and accordingly, a reinforcement program to restore/rehabilitate any negative attitudes was formed. In the second stage, the effectiveness over time of this reinforcement program was evaluated. The study’s findings show that engaging in reflection about the workshop content, especially when it is oriented towards positive thinking, is effective in reinforcing attitudes among participants who underwent a positive change in attitudes, and at the same time helps to rehabilitate attitudes among those participants who underwent a negative change. It is recommended that future peace education programs include at least three parts: preliminary preparation, the program itself, and follow-up/reinforcement activity after completion of the program.
Ice-induced vibrations of offshore structures - Looking beyond ISO 19906

The paper deals with the classical ice engineering challenge of ice-induced vibrations (IIV) of offshore platforms. There is still a general industry concern with aspects of IIV and the load amplification that can arise in some situations resulting from ice interaction with a structure. It was thought important to re-visit current design methodology and practice, as well as the data that led to their formulation. A joint industry project (JIP) was organized, in which the main offshore oil companies joined together to sponsor development and validation of models for ice induced vibration. Broadly, the JIP: i) identified interesting aspects of the mechanisms behind IIV; ii) sponsored further development of three numerical modeling approaches chosen for the range of physics they captured; iii) and, provided calibrated models to an independent engineering company who used them to assess the model's accuracy in simulating five full-scale events whose data had been withheld from the model developers - ensuring an independent validation rather than a further fitting of models to data. This paper is a "briefing" and provides an overview of the background, progress, and some validation findings: a status report on the reliability of present procedures available to the offshore industry when designing platforms in moving ice where IIV can be expected. The "science" behind the models will be presented by the model developers themselves (e.g. Hendrikse & Metrikine, 2013) and in further publications once the JIP confidentiality conditions expire.
Dynamical structure factor of the 
J1−J2
 Heisenberg model in one dimension: The variational Monte Carlo approach

The dynamical spin structure factor is computed within a variational framework to study the one-dimensional $J_1-J_2$ Heisenberg model. Starting from Gutzwiller-projected fermionic wave functions, the low-energy spectrum is constructed from two-spinon excitations. The direct comparison with Lanczos calculations on small clusters demonstrates the excellent description of both gapless and gapped (dimerized) phases, also including incommensurate structures for $J_2/J_1>0.5$. Calculations on large clusters show how the intensity evolves when increasing the frustrating ratio and give an unprecedented accurate characterization of the dynamical properties of (non-integrable) frustrated spin models.
Finite-difference solution of the compressible stability eigenvalue problem

Table of Contents Summary Section 1 - Introduction . Section 2 - Compressible Stability Equations . Section 3 - Finite-Difference Representation . Section 4 - Global Method . Section 5 - Local Eigenvalue Search . Section 6 - Calculation of Group Velocity Section 7 - Richardson Extrapolation
Spatially unresolved SED fitting can underestimate galaxy masses: a solution to the missing mass problem

We perform spatially-resolved, pixel-by-pixel SED fitting on galaxies up to $z\sim2.5$ in the Hubble Extreme Deep Field (XDF). Comparing stellar mass estimates from spatially resolved and spatially unresolved photometry we find that unresolved masses can be systematically underestimated by factors of up to 5. The ratio of the unresolved to resolved mass measurement depends on the galaxy's specific star formation rate (sSFR): at low sSFRs the bias is small, but above sSFR$\ \sim 10^{-9.5}$ yr$^{-1}$ the discrepancy increases rapidly such that galaxies with sSFRs$\ \sim 10^{-8}$ yr$^{-1}$ have unresolved mass estimates of only one half to one fifth of the resolved value. This result indicates that stellar masses estimated from spatially-unresolved datasets need to be systematically corrected, in some cases by large amounts, and we provide an analytic prescription for applying this correction. We show that correcting stellar mass measurements for this bias changes the normalization and slope of the star-forming main sequence and reduces its intrinsic width; most dramatically, correcting for the mass bias increases the stellar mass density of the Universe at high redshift and can resolve the long-standing discrepancy between the directly-measured cosmic star formation rate density at $z\gtrsim1$ and that inferred from stellar mass densities ("the missing mass problem").
Reproductive Cycles in Two Arkansas Skinks in the Genus Eumeces (Sauria: Scincidae)

Reproductive cycles of the southern coal skink (Eumecesanthracinuspluvialis) and the five-lined skink (E.fasciatus) were studied by examining museum specimens collected in Arkansas. Histological preparations of testes from each species revealed eight spermatogenic stages. Male coal skinks produced sperm by late February, at least one month before male five-lined skinks. Height of the testicular cycle (maximum sperm production-stage 6 = spermiogenesis) in E. a. pluvialis occurred in March and early April, whereas in E. fasciatus, spermiogenesis reached a peak in May. Testicular recrudescence began in late May in E. a. pluvialis and midjuly in E. fasciatus. The reproductive condition of female skinks was determined by counting and measuring enlarged ovarian follicles and oviductal eggs. Female coal skinks contained vitellogenic ovarian follicles starting in mid-March; vitellogenic ova reached their maximum size by mid-April. Oviductal eggs were recorded from early April to mid-May. Clutch size in E. a. pluvialis averaged 10.5 (5 - 17; n = 27) based on vitellogenic ova and 9.6 (8 - 13; n = 21) based on oviductal eggs. No egg clutches of E. a. pluvialis were discovered. In female E. fasciatus,a rapid increase in the rate of vitellogenesis began in late April; yolking ova were last observed in an individual in midjune. Oviductal eggs were recorded from mid-May to late June; average clutch size based on vitellogenic ova was 10.0 (7 - 15; n = 34), whereas oviductal eggs yielded an average clutch size of 8.4 (6 - 12; n = 13). Atresia of ovarian folliclesmay explain the difference between counts. Clutch size as determined from five nests discovered in June and July was 8.2 (7 10). Intraspecific synchrony of annual sexual cycles occurs between the sexes of each skink, whileonly a marginal overlap existsbetween the two species.