Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agronomic performance, dry matter yield stability and herbage quality of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum (L.) Schumach) accessions in different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia

Ten Napier grass accessions were evaluated for agronomic performance, dry matter (DM) yield stability and nutritional attributes at Holetta, Debre zeit, Adamitulu, Areka and Hawassa agricultural research centers during the main cropping seasons of 2011 to 2014. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. At planting, diammonium phosphate (DAP) at the rate of 100 kg/ha was uniformly applied and additionally urea at the rate of 50 kg/ha was top dressed after forage harvesting. Combined analysis of variance indicated that the tested genotypes varied significantly (P < 0.05) for plant height and forage DM yield. However, the test environments displayed significant variations for all measured agronomic and quality traits except the crude protein (CP) content. The genotype by environment (G × E) interaction effects also reveled significant differences for plant height, DM yield, ash content, CP yield, digestible yield and hemicelluloses content. Of the total variance of DM yield, environment main effect accounted for 40.6%, whereas genotype and G × E interaction effects accounted for 14.8% and 38.8% respectively. The highest mean DM yield was recorded at Adamitulu (13.06 t/ha) followed by Areka (12.80 t/ha), Hawassa (11.80 t/ha), Debre zeit (10.50 t/ha) and Holetta (7.05 t/ha). Different stability parameters and models indicated that Napier grass accessions such as 16817, 16783 and local were the most stable while accessions such as 16791 and 16815 were the most unstable genotypes across the tested environments. The CP and in-vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) were higher in the highlands while CP yield, digestible yield and most fiber components were relatively higher in the mid altitude areas indicating that temperature and amount of rainfall and its distribution had an adverse affect on the feed quality of Napier grass. Generally, Napier grass accessions such as 16817, 16783 and local are recommended for wider cultivation due to better DM yield stability performance across the test environments.
PHENOLIC DERIVATIVES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POLAR EXTRACTS FROM Bauhinia pulchella

Adonias Almeida Carvalhoa,b, Lucivania Rodrigues dos Santosb, Ruth Raquel Soares de Fariasb, Mariana Helena Chavesb,*, Chistiane Mendes Feitosab, Gerardo Magela Vieira Júniorb, Mônica Regina Silva de Araújob,e, Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreirac and Claudia do Ó Pessoad Diretoria de Ensino, Instituto Federal do Piauí, 64260-000 Piripiri – PI, Brasil Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina – PI, Brasil Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina – PI, Brasil Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60431-970 Fortaleza – CE, Brasil Instituto de Ciências Exatas da Natureza, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, 62785-000 Acarape – CE, Brasil
Motivational Orientations of Teachers in the National Professional Qualification for Headship (NPQH) Programme

The aims of the study were to identify the motivational orientations of teachers as adult learners participating in the NPQH programme, to ascertain the relationship between academic attainment of teachers and the motivational orientations, and to determine whether the rank importance of motivational orientations were different within the different type of academic attainment of the teachers. The instrument used was 42 items statement of modified Educational Participation Scale (Boshier 1982). A total of 215 valid responses were accepted and analysed. The highest ranked motivational orientations were "professional advancement", followed by "educational preparation" and "cognitive interest". A negative and low but significant relationship was found between the academic attainment of teachers with "Educational Preparation" and "Family Togetherness". However further analysis showed that there were significant differences between "Communication Improvement", "Educational Preparation" and "Family Togetherness" with the academic attainments of teachers. It can be concluded that the teachers with degrees must have seen the importance of educational preparation for further education, enhancing family togetherness and to improve their communication skills.
The Value-Relevance of Book Value, Current Earnings, and Management Forecasts of Earnings

This paper investigates the value-relevance of book value, earnings, and management forecasts of earnings in Japan over the past twenty years. Although most value-relevance studies in the U.S. use return and price based models whose theoretical foundations are derived from the Ohlson (1995) linear information model, other information, v, in the Ohlson's model is ignored in both types of model. This research exploits the unique setting in Japan where managers simultaneously announce the most recently completed period's earnings as well as forecasts of next period's earnings. In this case, management forecasts are available for use as a proxy for v. The results in this paper indicate that management forecasts of earnings (changes) have the highest correlation with stock price (returns) and the incremental explanatory power of current earnings (changes) almost disappears when management forecasts of earnings (changes) are included in the models. The market also appears to place more importance on management forecast information when firms are growing rapidly and when firms' current earnings exceed the forecasts made at the beginning of the period.
Teachers’ Disfunctional Attitudes

In this study it was aimed to analyze dysfunctional attitudes of teachers from the aspect of variables of gender, marital status, institution they teach or work for, service period, status of receiving inservice training, the settlement they’ve taught or worked for the longest period, sports playing, artiness, styles of communication. Subjects were 215 randomly chosen teachers teaching at primary and secondary educational institutions in province center of Erzurum-Turkey within the 2008-2009 academic (school) year. Data regarding dysfunctional attitudes of teachers was obtained through Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS-A) which was originally designed by Weissman ve Beck (1978) and adapted to turkish by Şahin and Şahin (1992). Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS-A) is a 40-item with 1-7 score margin likert type scale which aims to measure patterns of maladaptive thoughts of depressed individuals Personal and professional data about participant teachers obtained through personal information form which was developed by the researchers. For statistical analysis of data obtained. t-test, one way variance analysis (ANOVA) and multiple regression analysis tests were applied. It can be affirmed that assumed precursor variables of gender, marital status, type of institution, service period, status of receiving inservice training, sports playing, artiness and perceived communication styles couldn’t predict dysfunctional attitude scores of teachers at a significant level whereas gender (β=-.138) is the only and the strongest variable to predict dysfunctional attitude scores of teachers at a certain level (t=-1.984, p=.049)
A CONSTRAINT ON THE FORMATION TIMESCALE OF THE YOUNG OPEN CLUSTER NGC 2264: LITHIUM ABUNDANCE OF PRE-MAIN SEQUENCE STARS

The timescale of cluster formation is an essential parameter in order to understand the formation process of star clusters. Pre-main sequence (PMS) stars in nearby young open clusters reveal a large spread in brightness. If the spread were considered to be a result of a real spread in age, the corresponding cluster formation timescale would be about 5–20 Myr. Hence it could be interpreted that star formation in an open cluster is prolonged for up to a few tens of Myr. However, difficulties in reddening correction, observational errors, and systematic uncertainties introduced by imperfect evolutionary models for PMS stars can result in an artificial age spread. Alternatively, we can utilize Li abundance as a relative age indicator of PMS star to determine the cluster formation timescale. The optical spectra of 134 PMS stars in NGC 2264 have been obtained with MMT/Hectochelle. The equivalent widths have been measured for 86 PMS stars with a detectable Li line ( ). Li abundance under the condition of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) was derived using the conventional curve of growth method. After correction for non-LTE effects, we find that the initial Li abundance of NGC 2264 is . From the distribution of the Li abundances, the underlying age spread of the visible PMS stars is estimated to be about 3–4 Myr and this, together with the presence of embedded populations in NGC 2264, suggests that the cluster formed on a timescale shorter than 5 Myr.
Teaching Spelling and Composition Alone and Together: Implications for the Simple View of Writing

Third graders with low compositional fluency (N = 96) were randomly assigned to 4 time-equated treatments in an instructional experiment (24 lessons over 4 months): spelling (alphabetic principle plus its alternations), composing (reflective discussion plus teacher scaffolding), combined spelling (alphabetic principle) plus composing (teacher scaffolding), and treated control (writing practice, no instruction). All treatments increased compositional fluency. Spelling and combined spelling plus composing were most effective for word-specific spelling (taught words). Teaching alternations improved phonological decoding and transferred to spelling in composing. Composing and combined spelling plus composing were most effective for persuasive essay writing. Only combined spelling plus composing increased both spelling and composing. Results are related to the simple view of writing that integrates diverse theoretical traditions and instructional practices.
LOD object content specification for manufacturers within the UK using the IDM standard

UK manufacturers are gradually embracing the adoption of Level 2 Building Information Modelling (BIM) standards (3D models and embedded data) within their product model elements. However, these are not always well defined due to inaccuracies related to the scope and the content of the model attributes. Product Data Templates (PDTs) are currently being created as a solution to provide structured model element data to manufacturer’s clients. However, defining PDTs data has been particularly challenging for manufacturers, as there is a scarcity of content knowledge which includes BIM uses (i.e. electrical design) and processes (i.e. cable tray sizing) that support client’s lifecycle processes. Similarly, few studies have investigated the Level of Development (LOD) that manufacturers should use to create their model element product data. In this paper, we therefore propose a generic industry approach to create and maintain model element product data at different LODs using the Information Delivery Manual (IDM) and we evaluate it for future improvement. The IDM can capture processes at the informational (i.e. attributes), behavioural (i.e. project stage), organisational (i.e. actor), and functional (i.e. business rules) level. A case study on Made to Stock Products for the Design use has been created to drawn recommendations for the behavioural and informational IDM perspective. In order implement the LOD on an industry basis and for its ease of use, we recommend matching the IDM Exchange models to a LOD graphical standard and keeping the BPMN free of stage bindings. This issue should be further studied for standardisation purposes. The benefit of this approach is that manufacturers could use the IDM to create product model element data in relation to their client’s processes at different LODs for its inclusion within BIM Information Systems (IS).
Social Networks across Spatial Agglomerations: the Paradox of High-Tech Clusters. A Critical Revision of Clusters

This paper analyzes a fundamental gap research in high-tech clusters surveying literature in a critical perspective: the paper evidenced the taken-for-granted assumption that knowledge spillovers (KS) are unique assets conveying flows of knowledge in clusters, arguing the importance of traded interactions based on market transaction conditions which occur in clusters, even beyond spatial social networks. In the case of high-tech clusters: which is the type of interactions occurring in clusters when there is a manifested lack of local social networks? Results suggest that under analytical (versus synthetic) knowledge base in clusters, the formal and traded commercial partnerships are also interactions (assets) available in clusters, beyond the traditionally claimed un-traded KS and not being restricted to spatial conditions but to global circuits of knowledge which complement the lack of local resources in high-tech clusters. High-tech clusters surveyed do not show the high levels of inter-firm collaboration that cluster theory predicts
Particulate polyphosphate and alkaline phosphatase activity across a latitudinal transect in the tropical Indian Ocean

Polyphosphate (polyP) is an essential chemical constituent of microbial cells, and is hypothesized to play important roles in the marine biogeochemistry of phosphorus. However, polyP has only rarely been measured in the oceans. Here, we present data on the distribution of polyP across a latitudinal transect in the tropical Indian Ocean. PolyP concentrations (quantified as molar equivalents of a synthetic polyP standard) and ratios of polyP to total particulate phosphorus (TPP) along the transect ranged between 3–7 nmol eq. L−1 (polyP concentration) and 0.2–0.4 nmol eq. nmol−1 (polyP : TPP ratio), which is very similar to values reported from the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Yet unlike in the North Pacific, soluble reactive phosphorus was depleted to low concentrations (≤ 0.03 μmol L−1), and alkaline phosphatase activity was relatively high (1–4 nmol P L−1 h−1) along our cruise track. We attribute these results to the unique seasonal changes in iron and macronutrient supply in the Indian Ocean, which are caused by the monsoonal reversal in ocean currents. PolyP concentrations and polyP : TPP ratios decreased sharply with depth down to 150 m, suggesting that polyP was preferentially recycled relative to TPP, unlike in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. We hypothesize that alkaline phosphatase exerts a significant control over marine polyP biogeochemistry.
Repeatability of fruits and seeds production and... REPEATABILITY OF FRUITS AND SEEDS PRODUCTION AND SELECTION OF BRAZIL NUT GENOTYPES IN NATIVE POPULATIONS IN RORAIMA1

This study estimates the repeatability coefficients of two production traits in two native populations of Brazil nut trees. It determines the number of years of suitable evaluations for an efficient selection process, determines the permanent phenotypic correlation between production traits and also the selection of promising trees in these populations. Populations, located in the Itã region (ITA) and in the in the Cujubim region (CUJ), are both belonging to the municipality of Caracaraí, state of Roraima Brazil, and consist of 85 and 51 adult trees, respectively. Each tree was evaluated regarding the number of fruits per plant (NFP) and fresh seed weight per plant (SWP), for eight (ITA) and five consecutive years (CUJ). Statistical analyses were performed according to the mixed model methodology, using Software Selegen-REML/BLUP (RESENDE, 2007). The repeatability coefficients were low for NFP (0.3145 and 0.3269 for ITA and CUJ, respectively) and also for SWP (0.2957 and 0.3436 for ITA and CUJ, respectively). It on average takes nine evaluation years to reach coefficients of determination higher than 80%. Permanent phenotypic correlation values higher than 0.95 were obtained for NFP and SWP in both populations. Although trees with a high number of fruits and seed weight were identified, more evaluation years are needed to perform the selection process
Assessing the effectiveness of water quality education programs in controlling soil phosphorus levels in the Beaver River Watershed, Utah

Federal Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) 319 Program funds were obtained to educate landowners on how to make improvements on their farms that would help keep manure and P-laden sediments out of the Beaver River Watershed in Utah.The primary objective of this study was to employ an integrative evaluative tool (long-term monitoring of soil P test levels) to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational efforts.The study hypothesis was that educational efforts would result in a significant change in soil P test level, thereby indicating a significant impact of the educational campaign.Over the study period between 1998 and 2009, 12% of growers sampled in the study region adjusted their P management programs so that proper nutrient sufficiency could be attained and maintained in their soils. Despite the inroads gained in effecting positive changes in grower practice over the study period, many growers (especially those whose fields were in close proximity to their dairy operations) were more affected by the high direct cost of spreading manure waste over a larger area, and ended up applying more P than the crop required. This over-application was evidenced by a little over 14% of study sites (7 of 49) showing increases in Olsen P levels of greater than 50 mg/kg over the study period. The strong influence of economic considerations on P management must be addressed in future educational programs. Key words: Best management practices, water quality, phosphorus, manure, soil testing, fertilizer management, riparian buffers, agricultural extension.
Determinants of temporal variations in generic advertising effectiveness

This study develops a varying-parameter advertising model specifying advertising parameters as a function of advertising strategies and market environments to explain the varying nature of the advertising responses. This model allows researchers to examine the sources of change in advertising effectiveness over time. The model is applied to the New York City fluid milk market for the period from January, 1986 through June, 1995. Results indicate that advertising strategies and market environments play important roles in determining advertising effectiveness. Particularly, demographic factors were more important than economic factors. The results also suggest that when the market conditions are unfavorable due to increase in price, percentage of African Americans, and percentage of food expenditures for eating away from home, advertising becomes more important and effective. lJEL Classification Codes: Q130, M300, and M370r © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sensitivities of modelled water vapour in the lower stratosphere: temperature uncertainty, effects of horizontal transport and small-scale mixing

Abstract. Water vapour (H2O) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) has a significant role for global radiation. A realistic representation of H2O is therefore critical for accurate climate model predictions of future climate change. In this paper we investigate the effects of current uncertainties in tropopause temperature, horizontal transport and small-scale mixing on simulated H2O in the lower stratosphere (LS). To assess the sensitivities of simulated H2O, we use the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS). First, we examine CLaMS, which is driven by two reanalyses, from the European Centre of Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim and the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55), to investigate the robustness with respect to the meteorological dataset. Second, we carry out CLaMS simulations with transport barriers along latitude circles (at the Equator, 15 and 35∘ N/S) to assess the effects of horizontal transport. Third, we vary the strength of parametrized small-scale mixing in CLaMS. Our results show significant differences (about 0.5 ppmv) in simulated stratospheric H2O due to uncertainties in the tropical tropopause temperatures between the two reanalysis datasets, JRA-55 and ERA-Interim. The JRA-55 based simulation is significantly moister when compared to ERA-Interim, due to a warmer tropical tropopause (approximately 2 K). The transport barrier experiments demonstrate that the Northern Hemisphere (NH) subtropics have a strong moistening effect on global stratospheric H2O. The comparison of tropical entry H2O from the sensitivity 15∘ N/S barrier simulation and the reference case shows differences of up to around 1 ppmv. Interhemispheric exchange shows only a very weak effect on stratospheric H2O. Small-scale mixing mainly increases troposphere–stratosphere exchange, causing an enhancement of stratospheric H2O, particularly along the subtropical jets in the summer hemisphere and in the NH monsoon regions. In particular, the Asian and American monsoon systems during a boreal summer appear to be regions especially sensitive to changes in small-scale mixing, which appears crucial for controlling the moisture anomalies in the monsoon UTLS. For the sensitivity simulation with varied mixing strength, differences in tropical entry H2O between the weak and strong mixing cases amount to about 1 ppmv, with small-scale mixing enhancing H2O in the LS. The sensitivity studies presented here provide new insights into the leading processes that control stratospheric H2O, which are important for assessing and improving climate model projections.
IN SITU MEASUREMENTS OF P-WAVE ATTENUATION IN THE METHANE HYDRATE – AND GAS-BEARING SEDIMENTS OF THE BLAKE RIDGE

Recent drilling on the crest of the Blake Ridge during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 164 has provided an opportunity to compare estimates of attenuation from seismic data with direct samples of hydrate and gas in this region with the objective of using attenuation to remotely quantify hydrate and gas. Hydrate formation at the sediment grain contacts rather than in the pore spaces may significantly decrease the seismic attenuation. Because attenuation may be estimated from single-channel data, it would be more useful in hydrate detection than velocity, which requires more expensive multichannel data. In this analysis both single-channel seismic data and vertical seismic profile (VSP) data were inverted using a spectral modeling technique. For the single-channel data, this was performed using a simulated annealing algorithm, and for VSP data, the model updates were implemented manually. The results from both independent data sets are consistent with each other in each of the hydrateand gas-stability zones. Values of the quality factor Q for hydrate-bearing sediments fall within the range expected of nonhydratebearing, fine-grained marine sediments, ranging from ~90 to 600, suggesting that small amounts of hydrate do not significantly affect Q. All values of Q less than ~90 were associated with gassy sediments; some were as low as Q = 6. Q within the hydratestability field changes systematically, reaching a minimum directly below the ridge crest. As expected, Q in the gassy sediments appears to correlate inversely with reflection strength.