Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Do Homeowners Use Interest-Only Mortgages?

Using a unique Danish data set with detailed information on household characteristics and the mortgages they hold, we examine the pros and cons of interest-only (IO) mortgages. We find that households with IO mortgages are more leveraged and consume more than households with repayment mortgages. We also find, however, that IO mortgages facilitate consumption smoothing for young households expecting increasing income. Furthermore, IO mortgages help financially constrained older households free up liquidity and thus avoid cutting consumption or selling their home. Out of their total debt, households with IO mortgages have a lower fraction of expensive non-mortgage debt, compared to households with repayment mortgages, indicating that IO mortgages allow households to reduce life-time borrowing costs. Finally, households with IO mortgages have a higher stock market participation rate and make larger voluntary pension contribution, indicating that IO mortgages facilitate more diversified savings.
Identification of a Putative Mexican Strain of Serratia entomophila Pathogenic against Root-Damaging Larvae of Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera)

ABSTRACT The larvae of scarab beetles, known as “white grubs” and belonging to the genera Phyllophaga and Anomala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), are regarded as soil-dwelling pests in Mexico. During a survey conducted to find pathogenic bacteria with the potential to control scarab larvae, a native Serratia sp. (strain Mor4.1) was isolated from a dead third-instar Phyllophaga blanchardi larva collected from a cornfield in Tres Marías, Morelos, Mexico. Oral bioassays using healthy P. blanchardi larvae fed with the Mor4.1 isolate showed that this strain was able to cause an antifeeding effect and a significant loss of weight. Mortality was observed for P. blanchardi, P. trichodes, and P. obsoleta in a multidose experiment. The Mor4.1 isolate also caused 100% mortality 24 h after intracoelomic inoculation of the larvae of P. blanchardi, P. ravida, Anomala donovani and the lepidopteran insect Manduca sexta. Oral and injection bioassays were performed with concentrated culture broths of the Mor4.1 isolate to search for disease symptoms and mortality caused by extracellular proteins. The results have shown that Mor4.1 broths produce significant antifeeding effects and mortality. Mor4.1 broths treated with proteinase K lost the ability to cause disease symptoms and mortality, in both the oral and the injection bioassays, suggesting the involvement of toxic proteins in the disease. The Mor4.1 isolate was identified as a putative Serratia entomophila Mor4.1 strain based on numerical taxonomy and phylogenetic analyses done with the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The potential of S. entomophila Mor4.1 and its toxins to be used in an integrated pest management program is discussed.
The effect of enterprise risk management (ERM) on firm value in manufacturing companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange year 2010-2013

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the effect of enterprise risk management (ERM) with firm size, ROA and managerial ownership as control variables on firm value that is proxied by Tobin’s Q. Design/methodology/approach Population of this research was manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2010–2013. The used method in this research is multiple linear regression-ordinary least square and hypotheses testing using t-test to test the regression coefficients with level of significance of 5 percent. Findings The results showed that ERM, ROA and size of the company have a significant positive effect on the firm value. While the managerial ownership has a significant negative effect on the firm value. Originality/value The results showed that firm value increases as ERM, ROA and size of the company improves. While the managerial ownership has a significant negative effect on the firm value.
MEDICAL POLICY SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR SPINE PAIN

COVERAGE RATIONALE INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE This Medical Policy provides assistance in interpreting UnitedHealthcare benefit plans. When deciding coverage, the enrollee specific document must be referenced. The terms of an enrollee's document (e.g., Certificate of Coverage (COC) or Summary Plan Description (SPD)) may differ greatly. In the event of a conflict, the enrollee's specific benefit document supersedes this Medical Policy. All reviewers must first identify enrollee eligibility, any federal or state regulatory requirements and the plan benefit coverage prior to use of this Medical Policy. Other Policies and Coverage Determination Guidelines may apply. UnitedHealthcare reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to modify its Policies and Guidelines as necessary. This Medical Policy is provided for informational purposes. It does not constitute medical advice.
Heterogeneous in situ immunophenotyping of follicular dendritic reticulum cells in malignant lymphomas of B‐cell origin

The phenotype of follicular dendritic reticulum cells (DRC) was analyzed with monoclonal antibodies (DRC‐1, OKB7, BA‐2, Leu‐M3, and antidesmoplakin 1 and 2) in 28 frozen biopsy specimens of both morphologically and phenotypically analyzed B‐cell lymphomas and 21 normal or reactive controls. The former included 15 follicular center cell lymphomas (FCCL), four intermediately differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas (ILL), four mantle zone lymphomas (MZL), and five well‐differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas (WDLL). In controls, DRC‐1+ and OKB7+ DRC were localized in both follicular centers (FC) and mantle zones (MZ), but BA‐2+ and Leu‐M3+ DRC were confined to FC only. FCCL were usually accompanied by DRC‐1+, OKB7+, and BA‐2+ DRC, and either lost or maintained positivity with Leu‐M3 from case to case. By contrast, MZL consistently lacked BA‐2+ and Leu‐M3+ DRC, and was associated with DRC‐1+ and OKB7+ DRC only. Desmoplakin‐positive DRC occurred in variable proportions in both FCCL and MZL. As opposed to FCCL and MZL, all WDLL and all but one of the ILL (associated only with DRC‐1+, OKB7+, and desmoplakin+ DRC) did not show any DRC as identifiable with the antibody panel used. Remarkably, the difference in the distribution of BA‐2+ and Leu‐M3+ DRC in the normal FC and MZ appears to be maintained in their neoplastic counterparts (FCCL and MZL) also. Such a difference represents an example of the possible interactions between lymphoma cells of different phenotype and their microenvironment, as portrayed by phenotypically heterogeneous DRC.
Survey on UAV navigation in GPS denied environments

In the Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) navigation the main challenge is estimating and maintaining the accurate values of UAVs position and orientation. The onboard Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) provide the measurements but it is mainly affected from the accumulated error due to drift in measurements. Traditionally the Global Position System (GPS) measurements of vehicles position data can be fused with IMU measurements to compensate the accumulated error, But the GPS signals is not available everywhere and it will be degraded or fully not available in hostile areas, building structures and water bodies. Researchers already evolved methods to handle the UAV navigation in GPS denied environment by using Vision based navigation like Visual Odometry (VO) and Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM). In this survey paper we attempted to understand the existing research towards vision based navigation and finally proposed a Modular Multi-Sensor Data Fusion technique for UAV navigation in the GPS denied environment.
The Natural History of Infantile Spasms

The claim of Sorel to have improved the outlook for children with the syndrome of infantile spasms ('lightning spasms') and mental retardation by the use of corticotrophin (Sorel and Dusaucy-Bauloye, 1958; Sorel, 1959) has aroused widespread interest, and first reports have been enthusiastic (Low, 1958, 1959; Stamps, Gibbs, Rosenthal and Gibbs, 1959). Cortisone has also been said to be effective (Low, 1958; Dumermuth, 1959; Cox and Martin, 1959). It is now clear that these hormones produce some beneficial effect, but for a more precise assessment of their efficacy it is important to know the natural history of the disorder. In this paper we describe the clinical and electroencephalographic (E.E.G.) findings in 30 patients who have been followed up for periods varying from two to six years without the administration of hormones. They form a basis for comparison of the results of hormone treatment in 20 other patients (Bower and Jeavons, 1961).
Prevalence of gram negative and oxidase positive bacteria in trout processing factory.

Many factors from catch to processing influence the quality, e.g. the natural condition of the fish when it is captured and the handling on board and in the processing plant. The main objective of this work was to study the possible ways of contamination of aquaculture processing surfaces by bacteria spread in water ecosystems, which affect on quality and safety of fish products. Influence of washing and disinfection procedures on growth and survival of bacteria typical for fresh water aquaculture has been studied. 50 samples of rainbow trout have been analyzed by swabbing method in 2012, during 6 mount period. Swabs have been taken from gills and skin of rainbow trout during harvesting and processing of fresh chilled fish. Quantitative assessment of contamination of fish processing surfaces by Gram negative oxidase positive bacteria has been carried out. Fish contact surfaces in gutting and packaging areas have been swabbed separately. Swabbing of working surfaces has been carried out during work process after appropriate time periods. Three morphological types of Gram negative and oxidase positive bacteria have been isolated and identified form fish contact surfaces. They are characterized by high frequency of occurrence. For identification of bacterial species biochemical tests, chromogenic agar media and molecular identification techniques have been used. Bacteria from Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Vibrio genera have been identified. Bacteria form genera Aeromonas and Pseudomonas have been found in prevailing quantities. Aeromonas species possess highest frequency of occurrence comparing with some genera from Enterobacteriaceae family, which are typical for water ecosystems. Many fish spoilage bacteria are able to attach food contact surfaces and remain viable even after cleaning and disinfection. The choice of surface treatment of stainless steel is an important factor to have in mind when food processing equipment for open process is designed. Influence of washing and disinfection steps on growth and viability of Gram negative oxidase positive bacteria from genus Aeromonas has been studied in laboratory and industrial conditions.
Synthesis, Characterization, Cellular Uptake, Apoptosis, Cytotoxicity, Dna-Binding, and Antioxidant Activity Studies of Ruthenium(II) Complexes

Two new ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(dmb)2(HECIP)](ClO4)2 (1) (HECIP = N-ethyl-4-[(1,10)-phenanthroline(5,6-f)imidazol-2-yl]carbazole, dmb = 4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine) and [Ru(dmp)2(HECIP)](ClO4)2 (2) (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized and characterized. The DNA-binding behaviors of the two complexes were investigated by absorption spectra, viscosity measurements, and photoactivated cleavage. The DNA-binding constants for complexes 1 and 2 were determined to be 8.03 (± 0.12) × 104 M−1 (s = 1.62) and 2.97 (± 0.15) × 104 M−1 (s = 1.82), respectively. The results suggest that these complexes interact with DNA through intercalative mode. The photocleavage of pBR322 DNA by Ru(II) complexes was investigated. The cytotoxicity of complexes 1 and 2 has been evaluated by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide)] method. Complex 1 shows higher anticancer potency than 2 against the four tumor cell lines. Apoptosis and cellular uptake were investigated. The antioxidant activities of the ligand and these complexes were also performed.
European Small Business Finance Outlook: 2/2011

This European Small Business Finance Outlook (ESBFO) provides an overview of the main markets relevant to EIF (equity1, securitisation, microfinance). It is an update of the ESBFO 1/2011 that has been published in June this year. We start by discussing the general market environment, then look at the main aspects of equity finance and the SME Securitisation (SMESec) market. Finally, we briefly highlight important aspects of microfinance in Europe.
Hepatopathy of Mauriac syndrome: a retrospective review from a tertiary liver centre

Background Mauriac syndrome is characterised by growth failure, cushingoid appearance and hepatomegaly which occurs in patients with insulin dependent diabetes and was first described shortly after the introduction of insulin as a treatment for the condition. Objective To describe the clinical features, histological findings and outcome of young people with glycogenic hepatopathy, the hepatic manifestation of Mauriac syndrome (MS). Design Retrospective cohort study. Patients Young people with glycogenic hepatopathy. Setting Tertiary paediatric hepatology unit. Results Thirty-one young people (16 M), median age of 15.1 years (IQR 14–16.2) presented within the study period. Median age of diagnosis of diabetes was 10 years (IQR 8–11). Median insulin requirement was 1.33 units/kg/day; median HbA1c was 96.7 mmol/mol (IQR 84.7–112.0). Growth was impaired: median height z-score was −1.01 (−1.73 to 0.4) and median body mass index (BMI) z-score was 0.28 (−0.12 to 0.67). Hepatomegaly was universal with splenomegaly in 16%. Transaminases were abnormal with a median aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of 76 IU/L and gamma glutamyltransferase of 71 IU/L. Liver biopsy was undertaken in 19 (61%). All showed enlarged hepatocytes with clear cytoplasm with glycogenated nuclei in 17. Steatosis was present in the majority. Inflammation was present in 8 (42%). Fibrosis was seen in 14 (73%) and was generally mild though 2 had bridging fibrosis. Megamitochondria were described in 7. Presence of megamitochondria correlated with AST elevation (p=0.026) and fibrosis on biopsy (p=0.007). At follow-up 17 children had normal or improved transaminases, in 13 there was no change. Transaminases followed the trend of the child's HbA1c. Conclusions Despite modern insulin regimens and monitoring in children with type 1 diabetes, MS still exists. Significant steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis were all seen in liver biopsies.
The Basic Science of Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP): What Clinicians Need to Know

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been advocated for the biological augmentation of tissue healing and regeneration through the local introduction of increased levels (above baseline) of platelets and their associated bioactive molecules. In theory, the increased levels of autologous growth factors and secretory proteins provided by the concentrated platelets may enhance the wound healing process, especially in degenerative tissues or biologically compromised individuals. Although PRP has been increasingly utilized in the treatment of a variety of sports-related injuries, improvements in healing and clinical outcomes have not been universally reported. One reason for this may be the fact that all PRP preparations are not the same. Variations in the volume of whole blood taken, the platelet recovery efficacy, the final volume of plasma in which the platelets are suspended, and the presence or absence of white blood cells, and the addition of exogenous thrombin to activate the platelets or calcium chloride to induce fibrin formation, can all affect the character and potential efficacy of the final PRP product. This article will review the basic principles involved in creating PRP and examine the potential basic scientific significance of the individual blood components contained in the various forms of PRP currently used in sports medicine.
THE EFFECT OF BASELINE TRAINING STRUCTURE ON EQUIVALENCE CLASS FORMATION IN CHILDREN

Stimulus equivalence refers to the observation that training a set of overlapping conditional relations (hereafter, baseline relations) results in many other conditional relations that are not directly trained but are nevertheless systematically related to or derived from the originally trained conditional relations (hereafter, derived relations). These derived conditional relations instantiate the reversal and recombination of directly trained stimulus functions which are described by the terms reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity (cf. Sidman & Tailby, 1982). For example, reflexivity is defined as an increased likelihood of selecting comparison stimuli that are identical to the sample stimulus. Symmetry refers to the observation that the directly trained conditional and discriminative functions of stimuli have become reversible. Transitivity refers to the observation that the conditional stimuli from one trained conditional relation are effective in modulating the discriminative functions of stimuli from another conditional relation. In other words, the directly trained conditional and discriminative functions of stimuli are shown to recombine in untrained ways. The derived conditional discriminations define a relation of equivalence among the stimuli (cf. Sidman et al., 1982; Sidman & Tailby, 1982). The resulting equivalence classes can be structurally characterized in terms of the number of stimuli per class, the number of nodes, the distribution of single stimuli, and the training structure (Fields & Verhave, 1987). The present paper is concerned with the role of training
Bio-security measures employed by poultry farmers in Enugu State Nigeria

This study ascertained biosecurity measures used by poultry farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 poultry farmers. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse data and present results for the study. The mean age of respondents was 47 years while farming experience was 9.6 years. Almost all (97.5%) the respondents had one form of formal education. The majority of the farmers sourced biosecurity information from co-poultry farmers (87.7%) and veterinary officers (81.4%). Major bio-security measures used by farmers include: inspection of flock daily to pick mortalities ( x =3.7), isolation and quarantine of sick birds ( x =3.7), vaccination of birds ( x =3.6), as well as adequate cleaning of feeding and drinking troughs ( x =3.6). The standardized coefficients for age (0.327), farming experience (0.278) and farm income (0.409) had a positive influence (*P≤0.05) on use of biosecurity measures. Use of battery cage system (p=0.013) and use of deep litter combined with battery cage systems (p=0.001) had a negative influence on the use of biosecurity practices. Extension workers should educate farmers on the importance and use of biosecurity measures for optimum production. Keywords: Vaccination, Quarantine practices, Veterinary officers, Bio-Security, Poultry Farmers
Some factors in picture recognition memory.

Summary This paper presents a review and critical analysis of some research findings and conclusions which seem to demonstrate that picture recognition memory is superior to verbal recognition memory. It cautions against accepting these data as evidence for two (picture-verbal) memory systems. Several alternative explanations of the picture-verbal performance discrepancy are derived from interference theory and partial learning theory. “Picture” as a stimulus category is vague and overinclusive. Recognition memory capacity varies from poor to excellent depending on the “pictures,” a fact not in harmony with a memory model employing a unitary processing mechanism for pictorial stimuli. Perceptual constancy is invoked in support of a view that is antagonistic to the implication that the human recognition memory mechanism is error free.
A NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 Polymorphism Is a Risk Factor for Human Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in North America and generally develops from colonic epithelial cells following initiation by carcinogens. We have shown that the phase II detoxifying enzyme, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) contributes to the inhibition of carcinogen-induced colon cancer in rats at both the initiation and postinitiation stages. An inactivating polymorphism at base 609 of the NQO1 gene, 609C (NQO1 *1) → 609T (NQO1 *2), occurs at high frequency in the human population. Thus, we carried out a case-control study to determine if this polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of developing colon cancer. A total of 298 patients with colon cancer and 349 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and ethnic origin were enrolled in the study. There was an increased incidence of the NQO1 *2/*2 genotype in patients with colon cancer, with a gender and age-adjusted odds ratio of 2.68 (95% confidence intervals, 1.14-6.28). However, the incidence of the NQO1 *1/*2 genotype was not increased in patients with colon cancer compared with controls. When the patient and control groups were stratified by tobacco and alcohol use, the incidences of the NQO1 *2/*2 genotype were increased in patients with colon cancer for tobacco and alcohol users and nonusers, suggesting that there is no interaction between the NQO1 base 609 polymorphism and tobacco or alcohol use. These results strongly suggest that NQO1 plays a significant role in preventing the development of colon cancer, and individuals with an NQO1 *2/*2 genotype are at an increased risk of developing this disease. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(12):2422–6)
Design-technology co-optimization for OxRRAM-based synaptic processing unit

In this paper, we present a design-technology tradeoff analysis to implement a fully connected neural network using non-volatile OxRRAM cells. The requirement of a high number of distinct levels in synaptic weight has been established as a primary bottleneck for using a single NVM as a synaptic unit. We propose a mixed-radix encoding system for a multi-device synaptic unit achieving high classification accuracy (94%) including device variability. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to discuss the tradeoff between single and multi-device synaptic weight in terms of design and technology using silicon data. We have demonstrated that high level of variability can be handled by the neuromorphic algorithm. The results presented in the paper has been obtained from 1Mb array.