Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mildred TITLE The Use of Comprehension Development Materials for Improving Comprehension Achievement with Fourtn Grade Pupils

The present study was designed to investigate Cie use of comprehe2.sion development "Laterials in the improvement of comprehension achievement with fourth grade pupils. The study compared comprehension achievement between pupils using the Barnell-Loft materials in the so-called subskills of comprehension; namely, getting the facts, getting the main idea, and making inferences, with comprehension achievement of pupils using vocabulary development materials from the Durrell-Murphy Vocabulary Word Analysis Practice Cards. Subjects were 66 pupils in the fourth grade in a middle class community in central New Jersey. Within each class, subjects were randomly assigned to either the vocabulary or the comprehension group. All pupils spent equal time, approximately 20-30 minutes, per day, on the supplementary exercises, while the teacher conducted the regular basal instruction. Pretests with the Gates MacGinitie Comprehension Test Level D indicated no significant differences between groups before the training. Posttests with the alternate form of the Gates MacGinitie Comprehension Test, after ten weeks of work in the materials, again showed no statistical significance between the mean scores of the groups in comprehension achievement. It was concluded, on the basis of the research results, that pupils gain equally well in comprehension, as measured by a standardized test, when given supplementary work in the eubskills of comprehension or in vocabulary development. COURSE WORK FOR MASTER'S DEGREE IN READING Courses taken at Rutger's Universiti Fall 1970-1971 Instructor 320:561 Foundations of Reading Dr. Fry Instruction Dr. Mountain Spring, 1971 299:564 Remedial Reading Dr. Fry 299:565 Laboratory in Remedial Reading Mrs. Kimberly Fall 1971-1972 290:513 Introduction to Early and Middle Dr. Arnold Years of Childhcod 610:581 Reading Materials for Children Dr. Van Orden Spring, 1972 290:50
A comparative study of language learning strategies used by Monolingual and Bilingual EFL Learners

This paper addresses the difference in use of language learning strategies between bilingual and monolingual English as foreign language learners (EFL). The study was conducted among 42 monolingual Croatian and 42 bilingual students of the University of Pula who are studying English as a foreign language. The data were analyzed by using the t-test. The results of the research suggested that bilingual students reported higher usage of learning strategies than their monolingual colleges with memory and metacognitive strategies reaching statistically significant level. The findings of this study led to some suggestions to enhance students' use of learning strategies, increase their vocabulary size, and subsequently improve their English learning.
The Stop‐Signal Paradigm

Response inhibition—the ability to stop responses that are no longer appropriate—is frequently studied with the stop‐signal paradigm. In the stop‐signal paradigm, participants perform a choice response time task that is occasionally interrupted by a stop signal. The stop signal prompts participants to withhold their response on that trial. Performance in the stop‐signal paradigm is typically formalized as a horse race between a go and a stop process. If the go process wins the race, the response in executed; if the stop process wins the race, the response is inhibited. The stop‐signal paradigm owes its popularity to the underlying horse‐race model that enables researchers to estimate the latency of the unobservable stop response. In this chapter, we present a theoretical review of the stop‐signal paradigm and the corresponding horse‐race model. First we focus on the standard independent horse‐race model and discuss the most important measures of inhibitory control in the stop‐signal paradigm. We then describe the latest developments in the model‐based analysis of stop‐signal data. We conclude the chapter with recommendations on how to run stop‐signal experiments and how to report and interpret the results of stop‐signal studies.
Time in structuring fictive motion : an empirical corpus-based study

This study demonstrates a role of time in structuring fictive motion expressions on the basis of empirical language data found in the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP)� It focuses on a specific category of fictive motion used to depict forms, orientations, or locations of spatially extended objects in terms of a path over the object’s extent� Although fictive motion employs event structuring, frequencies of language patterns found in the corpus demonstrate that language users tend to avoid articulating such expressions in temporal terms� The avoidance of temporality in fictive motion can be attributed to a basic conceptual difference between objects and force-dynamic events, as distinguished in Langacker’s canonical event model� According to that model, while time is the primary domain of conceptualization for events, for objects the primary domain of conceptualiza-
Different pathways in the larval development of the crab Ucides cordatus ( Decapoda , Ocypodidae ) and their relation with high mortality rates by the end of massive larvicultures 1

Silva U.A. T. , Cottens K. , Ventura R. , Boeger W.A. & Ostrensky A. 2012. Different pathways in the larval development of the crab Ucides cordatus (Decapoda, Ocypodidae) and their relation with high mortality rates by the end of massive larvicultures. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(4):284-288. Grupo Integrado de Aquicultura e Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, PR 80035-050, Brazil. E-mail: ubiratansilva@gmail.com One of the most limiting factors affecting the larval rearing of Ucides cordatus in the laboratory is a period of high mortality, which usually occurs late in the course of the larviculture during the metamorphosis from the zoeal to the megalopal phase. The objective of the present research was to analyze the post-embryonic development of U. cordatus on an individual basis and, in particular, to search for patterns linking disturbances in the molting process to the high larval death rates observed in massive larvicultures. A total of 50 larvae were individually reared from hatching to metamorphosis into the megalopal phase under controlled conditions, fed a combination of microalgae and rotifers. The survivorship rate was 70% until zoea V. The 35 surviving zoea V larvae followed two different pathways. Eleven underwent metamorphosis directly to megalopa, eighteen molted to zoea VI and six died as zoea V. In the last molting event, only two zoea VI larvae reached the megalopal stage, while the remaining sixteen died. In further observation under microscope, 13 of the dead zoea VI showed characteristics of the pre-molt stage and pereiopods disproportionably large in relation to the carapace. The observed pattern resembles the Molt Death Syndrome (MDS) described for other decapod species, in which larvae die in the late pre-molt phase of the molting cycle. We suggest that U. cordatus larvae develop disturbances in the molting process similar to the MDS described for other species and that these disturbances are related to a more complex pathway involving the emergence of larval stage zoea VI.
ON THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF MARKOV PROCESSES

Previous work on the concept of a limiting conditional age distribution of a discrete-state continuous-time Markov process with one absorbing state is generalised. The generalisation allows this process to have a finite number of absorbing states and the associated return process to have an arbitrary initial distribution on the transient states of the absorbing process. If the return process is p-recurrent, possesses the strong ratio limit property and satisfies some further requirements then the limiting age distribution exists. The proof of this result requires a new representation of the p-invariant measure of the return process. The following examples are treated, (a) finite state space birth-death processes, (b) Markov branching processes and the linear death process, and (c) the linear birth and death process with killing. MARKOV PROCESS; LIMITING AGE; p-CLASSIFICATION; STRONG RATIO LIMIT PROPERTY; BIRTH AND DEATH PROCESSES; MARKOV BRANCHING PROCESSES; LIMIT THEOREMS
Chapter 5 Regulation of Dendritogenesis in Sympathetic Neurons

In postganglionic sympathetic neurons, the size of the dendritic arbor determines presynaptic convergence, which correlates with tonic activity, and aberrant dendritic morphology is associated with disease. There is, therefore, great interest in understanding how dendritic morphology is regulated in these neurons. Early studies established a role for target-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) in regulating the size of the dendritic arbor of sympathetic neurons in vivo. However, in vitro studies revealed that even in the presence of optimal concentrations of NGF, rat sympathetic neurons cultured in the absence of serum or non-neuronal cells survive and elaborate extensive axonal arbors, but fail to form dendrites. Subsequently, it was discovered that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) trigger cultured sympathetic neurons to extend a dendritic arbor comparable to that of their in vivo counterparts. The goals of this chapter are to: (i) summarize these early experiments; (ii) discuss evidence substantiating a role for BMPs in glial-induced dendritic growth in vitro and regulation of dendritic growth in vivo; (iii) review what is known about the molecular mechanisms by which NGF, BMPs and other factors influence dendritic arborization of sympathetic neurons; and (iv) identify key data gaps in understanding of how dendrites are regulated in sympathetic neurons.
Dinsdale, Elizabeth (2004) Coral reef health indicators: integrating ecological and perceptual assessments of anchor damage. PhD thesis,

Regional-scale variation of recruitment by marine organisms may reflect geographic patterns in adult stock sizes or fecundities, large-scale hydrodynamic features that influence the transport of larvae (e.g., currents, upwelling), and patterns of early mortality. In turn, recruitment may play a vital role in determining patterns of adult abundance and community structure, from local to biogeographic scales. We examined spatial variation in recruitment by corals at a regional scale, along 3300 km of the tropical and subtropical coast of eastern Australia (108–318 S). We used two complementary approaches: (1) a metaanalysis of 21 different studies undertaken over a 16-yr period, each of which was generally conducted at a single reef, and (2) a large-scale sampling effort in which recruitment was measured in two years on 33 reefs arrayed along the length of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Our goal is to compare the emergent large-scale picture derived from many small-scale studies with patterns revealed by shorter-term regional sampling. The two approaches show very similar large-scale patterns. Recruitment by spawning corals (mainly acroporids) was highest in the central GBR and declined steadily with increasing latitude by up to more than 20-fold. A smaller decline occurred on the northern GBR between Australian and Papua New Guinea. Recruitment by brooding corals (mostly pocilloporids) was greatest in the northern GBR and also declined to the south. The latitudinal decline in brooders was threeto fivefold, i.e., not as great as for spawners. Consequently, the proportion of brooded recruits increased to the south, and they generally exceeded spawners on the southern GBR and on isolated subtropical reefs at higher latitudes. Our meta-analysis shows that fully half of the variation in the ratio of spawners to brooders is attributable to one of 11 variables that we extracted from the published studies: the month when the recruitment panels were deployed. This result suggests that the intensity and timing of spawning have a crucial impact on large-scale patterns of recruitment. Elsewhere, we tested this hypothesis in the field, and confirmed that regional variation in recruitment by spawning acroporid corals was driven by spatial and temporal variation in the extent of mass spawning. Together, large-scale sampling and meta-analyses provide a powerful, combined approach for investigating large-scale patterns and the mechanisms underlying them.
Effectiveness and safety of accelerated ( 9 mW / cm 2 ) corneal collagen cross-linking for progressive keratoconus : a 24-month follow-up

Objectives To examine the effectiveness and safety of accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus over a 24-month period and to explore potential prognostic factors for post-treatment visual outcome and progression. Methods A retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series. All patients who underwent accelerated epitheliumoff CXL, using 9 mW/cm ultraviolet-A irradiation for 10 min, for progressive keratoconus in Sunderland Eye Infirmary, UK, between May 2014 and July 2016 were included. All patients completed 24 months’ post-CXL follow-up. Significant post-CXL progression of keratoconus was defined as >1 D increase in Kmax from preoperative to 24-month visit. Results Fifty-two eyes of 48 patients were included. At 24-month post-CXL, there was a significant improvement in corrected-distance visual acuity (CDVA; −0.05 LogMAR; p= 0.026), Kmax (−1.68 D; p < 0.001), K1 (−0.64 D; p= 0.002) and Kmean (−0.50 D; p= 0.009). The proportion of eyes with CDVA ≥ 0.3 LogMAR significantly improved from 43 (82.7%) eyes preoperatively to 50 (96.2%) eyes at 24 months (p= 0.026). Corneal haze (12, 23.1%) was the only postoperative complication and no adverse event was noted. Final CDVA was associated with lower CDVA (p= 0.002) and greater Kmax (p= 0.018) at baseline. Post-CXL progression of keratoconus was associated with greater preoperative Kmax (p= 0.12) and Kmean (p= 0.11), though statistical significances were not achieved. Conclusions Accelerated CXL (9 mW/cm) serves as an effective and safe treatment for halting the progression of keratoconus and stabilising the vision over a 24-month period. Our observation suggests that accelerated CXL might be more effective in stabilising keratoconus of milder severity; however further larger studies are required to elucidate this finding.
Narrow Band , Sharp Roll-Off Rejection Frequency Selective Surface Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide Mehran

─ In this paper, a novel frequency selective surface which has a narrower passband and sharper rolloff rejection than the other single layer designs, is presented. Also, it has better independency from angle and polarization of incident plane wave. In this design a ring loop is placed on a cylindrical cavity of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). Because of the most compatibility between loop and the electric fields of cylindrical cavity, minimum insertion loss and narrow passband are achieved. Index Terms ─ Cylindrical cavity, frequency selective surface (FSS), ring loop, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW).
Microbial community composition and dolomite formation in the hypersaline microbial mats of the

The Khor Al-Adaid sabkha in Qatar is among the rare extreme environments on Earth where it is possible to study the formation of dolomite—a carbonate mineral whose origin remains unclear and has been hypothetically linked to microbial activity. By combining geochemical measurements with microbiological analysis, we have investigated the microbial mats colonizing the intertidal areas of sabhka. The main aim of this study was to identify communities and conditions that are favorable for dolomite formation. We inspected and sampled two locations. The first site was colonized by microbial mats that graded vertically from photo-oxic to anoxic conditions and were dominated by cyanobacteria. The second site, with higher salinity, had mats with an uppermost photo-oxic layer dominated by filamentous anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (FAPB), which potentially act as a protective layer against salinity for cyanobacterial species within the deeper layers. Porewater in the uppermost layers of the both investigated microbial mats was supersaturated with respect to dolomite. Corresponding to the variation of the microbial community’s vertical structure, a difference in crystallinity and morphology of dolomitic phases was observed: dumbbell-shaped proto-dolomite in the mats dominated by cyanobacteria and rhombohedral ordereddolomite in the mat dominated by FAPB.
Clinical Study Self-Reported Executive Functioning in Everyday Life in Parkinson ’ s Disease after Three Months of Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation

1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway 2Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway 3Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway 4Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway 5Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway 6Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway 7Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, 8607 Mosjøen, Norway
The Bias of Technological Change in Europe Working Paper no 98

This paper is concerned with measuring and influencing the direction of technological change. First, it provides a comprehensive assessment of the factor bias of technological change using panel data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) for 25 EU countries from 1995 to 2009. We measure the bias with respect to the inputs capital, energy, non-energy materials and three types of labour (low-, mediumand high-skilled). For this purpose, the factor cost share approach based on the duality of production theory is applied. Estimating the system of cost share equations derived from a translog cost function, we find that technological change was lowand medium-skilled labour-saving, high-skilled labour-using, and energyand materialsusing. Second, the paper addresses the question how technological change could be redirected towards saving more energy and less labour. Patent applications in energyand labour-saving technology fields are used to model the direction of technological change. We construct stocks of patents in these fields and integrate them into the system of cost share equations as proxies for the level of technology. Upon finding that they were indeed energy and labour saving over our sample period, we regress them on policy variables to identify instruments for shifting the bias away from saving labour towards saving energy. We conclude that one way to achieve this, at least partly, would be an increase in the energy tax rate coupled with a matching reduction in the social security contributions paid by employers for low-skilled workers.
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES Pricing Strategies by European Low Cost Carriers

We introduce an on-line pricing tactic where airlin es post, at the same time and for the same flight, fares in different currencies that vio late the law of One Price. Unexpectedly for an on-line market, we find that price discriminatio n may be accompanied by arbitrage opportunities and that both tend to persist before a flight’s departure. We find discrimination to be of a competitive type, although arbitrage opp ortunities are more likely in concentrated routes. Finally, the evidence suggests that discrim ination may be used to manage stochastic demand. JEL classification: L11, L13, L93
The role of the EU Internal Market on the

This paper aims at analysing the impact of the regulation of the EU Internal Market on the adoption of innovation. After constructing an indicator of innovation adoption based on the information provided by the Community Innovation Survey, in a first stage we define the impact of some major Internal Market regulations on cooperation, competition and trade across EU countries. The results of this first stage show how different IM regulations are important determinants of these three macroeconomic variables that we consider afterwards having an impact on innovation adoption. Hence, in a second stage we address whether innovation adoption rates significantly depend on the degree of cooperation, trade and competition as well as some control variables such as national legal structures and IPR regulations. Estimations have been computed using an econometric model whose dependent variable is total innovation adoption as well as its possible disaggregation into sub-categories. Results show that cooperation and its main IM determinants impact positively innovation adoption, leaving trade and competition as apparently minor channels of innovation adoption (and especially depending on the type of innovation adoption under examination).
Clinical Study The Impact of Hyperglycemic Emergencies on the Kidney and Liver

1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an 223002, China 2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, TheThird Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 75 Tong Zhenguan Road, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China 4Department of Emergency, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an 223002, China 5 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223002, China
PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Qiang Wang ENTITLED The Dynamics of Workplace Harassment and Revenge : Mediation and Moderation Effects BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE

Wang, Qiang. M.S., Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 2008. The Dynamics of Workplace Harassment and Revenge: Mediation and Moderation Effects. This study examined the mediating role of rumination, state anger, and blame attribution, and the moderating role of trait forgiveness in the relationship between workplace harassment and revenge behavior. Results based on a sample of 310 employed students suggested that workplace harassment is positively associated with both major revenge and minor revenge. Also, the multiple mediation test showed that rumination, state anger, and blame attribution completely mediate the proposed relationships between workplace harassment and both types of revenge behavior. In addition, as proposed, trait forgiveness moderated the relationship between two internal states (i.e., state anger and blame attribution) and major revenge behavior, such that victims high in trait forgiveness sought major revenge less often when they were angry or attributed blame to the perpetrator. The theoretical, and practical implications of the findings were also discussed.