Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Hemipteroseius adleri (Acari: Mesostigmata: Otopheidomenidae) infesting Pyrrhocoris apterus (Insecta: Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) in Pu‡awy and other localities in Poland and Lithuania

So far, the ectoparasitic mite Hemipteroseius adleri Costa has been reported in Poland only from Warsaw. In the palace-park complex in Pu‡awy (E Poland), observations of this parasite were conducted on insects sampled in 2003 (autumn) and 2004 (spring). Acarological analyses of the insects, i.e. 1706 live imagines of the red firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.), collected from 3 colonies of this species, show that 15.7-29.7% (mean 21.4 %) of them were infested with H. adleri. The firebugs were infested usually with all developmental stages of the parasite, i.e. from eggs to adults (males and/or females). The mites were located mainly on the anterior part of the abdomen, on the surface of tergites under the insectis wings. From 1 to 56 (mean 4.8) mites were found on one host specimen. Juvenile stages of host insects were free of mites. Original results of field observations and preliminary examination of firebugs from other regions of Poland (6 localities) and Lithuania (3 localities) suggest that this mite species may be a common parasite of firebugs in this part of Europe.
The variability of muscle nerve sympathetic activity in resting recumbent man

1. Pulse synchronous bursts of multi‐unit sympathetic activity was recorded from median or peroneal muscle nerve fascicles in fourteen subjects resting in the recumbent position. The neural activity was quantitated in terms of burst incidence, i.e. the number of bursts in the mean voltage neurogram/100 heart beats, during successive rest periods of 2‐4 min.
Safety of Infusing Ipilimumab Over 30 Minutes.

PURPOSE The approved dose of ipilimumab is 3 mg/kg infused over 90 minutes; however, in clinical trials, 10 mg/kg has also been infused over 90 minutes. At this higher dose, patients receive 3 mg/kg within the first 27 minutes of treatment. We sought to determine whether the standard dose of 3 mg/kg could be safely infused over 30 minutes. METHODS We reviewed retrospectively the incidence of infusion-related reactions (IRRs) to ipilimumab at our institution in patients receiving doses of either 3 or 10 mg/kg infused over 90 minutes. Our findings led to a change in institutional guidelines for ipilimumab infusion time from 90 minutes to 30 minutes. We reviewed the first 14 months of our prospective experience using a 30-minute infusion of ipilimumab. RESULTS Between April 1, 2008, and June 30, 2013, 595 patients received 2,507 doses of ipilimumab infused at either 3 mg/kg (n = 457) or 10 mg/kg (n = 138) over 90 minutes. Although the 10 mg/kg group had a higher incidence of IRRs (4.3%) than the 3 mg/kg group (2.2%), this difference was not statistically significant (P = .22). In 120 patients treated prospectively with ipilimumab 3 mg/kg infused over 30 minutes, seven patients (5.8%) had an IRR (P = .06 compared with 90-minute infusions). All IRRs occurred at dose 2; six were grade 2, and one was grade 3. All seven patients received subsequent doses of ipilimumab safely, the majority with premedication. CONCLUSION Ipilimumab at 3 mg/kg can be infused safely over 30 minutes with an acceptably low incidence of IRRs. After an IRR, patients can safely receive additional doses of ipilimumab with premedication.
Risk and Protective Factors, Perceptions of Family Environment, Ethnicity, and Schizophrenia Symptoms

Abstract The family environment can play either a detrimental or a protective role in symptom severity for people with schizophrenia. The current study examined both patient and caregiver perspectives of the family environment in an ethnically diverse sample of 221 patients with schizophrenia. We hypothesized that environments characterized by high levels of perceived caregiver criticism, low perceived caregiver warmth, and low family cohesion (from both the patient and caregiver perspective) would predict greater symptom severity. As expected, results demonstrated that lower patient ratings of family cohesion and caregiver warmth were associated with greater symptom severity. However, once put into a hierarchical regression analysis, only patient ratings of family cohesion remained significant. Ethnic patterns were also examined and revealed that family cohesion may be particularly protective for ethnic minorities. Study implications are discussed.
Reputable Inside Directors and Internal Control Effectiveness

The study investigates whether non-CEO inside directors with reputation incentives affect the effectiveness of a firm’s internal control over financial reporting. Internal control effectiveness is an important indicator of financial reporting quality. Using a large sample of 7,352 firm-year observations from 2004 to 2012, we find that firms with RIDs are less likely to report internal control weaknesses (ICWs). We also find that RIDs have a more pervasive impact on account-level ICWs than company-level ICWs. Empirical results also demonstrate that the association between RIDs and ICWs is more pronounced for firms with lower audit quality, higher CEO entrenchment, and higher cost of misreporting. These findings add to the few empirical studies examining the determinants of ICWs and have corporate governance policy implications for regulators by supporting the desirable role of inside directors in terms of efficient contracting.
Competition and Concentration in the EU Banking Industry

This paper presents empirical evidence on the competitive structure in the banking industry in the EU as a whole as well as in individual EU countries. The study is based on a non-structural estimation technique to evaluate the elasticity of total interest revenues with respect to changes in banks' input prices. The significant positive values of the competitiveness measure indicate that banks do not exhibit monopoly behaviour in any of the EU countries. Rather, European banking sectors operate under conditions of monopolistic competition, albeit to varying degrees. The results also support the conventional view that concentration impairs competitiveness. Finally, we demonstrate that our findings cast some doubt on the generally perceived effects of EMU on European banking in the medium to long run.
Peptides as Targeting Elements and Tissue Penetration Devices for Nanoparticles

The use of nanoparticles in medicine (nanomedicine) has recently become an intensely studied field. Nanoparticles carrying drugs and imaging agents have already reached the clinic, but they are essentially passive delivery vehicles, not what are referred to as “smart” nanoparticles. An important function to add to make nanoparticles smarter is active homing to the target tissue. It makes nanoparticles accumulate in the target tissue at higher concentrations than would be the case without this feature, increasing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects. This review discusses the recent developments in the nanoparticle targeting field with emphasis on peptides that home to vascular “zip codes” in target tissues and provide a tissue‐ and cell‐penetrating function.
Transaction costs and value premium

Value premium has been well documented in the finance literature. This paper empirically examines whether the value strategy of buying value stocks and selling growth stocks is profitable after controlling for transaction costs. Using the limited dependent variable estimate of transaction costs as in Lesmond, Ogden, and Trzcinka (1999), we find that value premium disappears as implementation of a value strategy involves substantial transaction costs. Our results after controlling for size and liquidity are robust to different ways of categorizing value and growth stocks used in the existing literature (Lakonishok, Shleifer, and Vishny (1994), and Fama and French (1993, 2006)) and to different methods of measuring transaction costs.
The Jew's body

great fortuna in Arabic and then in Western medicine, where it spread and circulated mainly in an anonymous Arabic-Latin version until the beginning of the sixteenth century, when it was again translated into Latin by Wilhelm Kopp of Basle, physician of the French king. Probably at the same time in which the Arabic-Latin version was made, Burgundio of Pisa (d. 1 193) translated the De loc. aff from a Greek manuscript, which is today preserved in the Laurentian Library in Florence, plut. 74, 30. Durling identified this manuscript as the original of Burgundio's translation by collation and analysis of the Greek tradition. Nigel Wilson confirmed this by recognizing Burgundio's hand in the Latin annotations of the Laurentian manuscript. Burgundio's version is preserved in only five manuscripts, which are all independent and, therefore, useful for reconstructing the original text. It does not seem that this version had a wide circulation, like others of Galen made by this Pisan ambassador and translator. Nevertheless, it was known by Taddeo Alderotti (d. 1295), professor of medicine at Bologna, who used it to correct the Arabic-Latin translation. This conflation is preserved is six manuscripts, which are all independent, and printed in the first Latin edition of Galen by Diomedes Bonardus in 1490, and in the subsequent editions until the Giuntine of 1528. Durling carefully studied the extracts of Burgundio's version made by Taddeo Alderotti, which have only a few good readings. However, they attest that this Greek-Latin translation had a place in medical teaching. Burgundio's version is edited by Durling on the basis of a complete study of its tradition and in a close comparison with Galen's Greek text. Two apparatus and two indices (Greek-Latin and Latin-Greek) are provided. In the Greek-Latin apparatus five Greek manuscripts of the De loc. aft: are considered. Two other manuscripts seem to be independent (Milan, Ambrosian Library, Ambr. gr. 659 and 679), but this is not relevant for the Latin text. Burgundio's style and vocabulary are studied by Durling in the introduction. His translation of particles, conjunctions and demonstrative pronouns in the De interioribus, is compared with that of another version by him (De complexionibus) and of other medieval translations. Burgundio used some neologisms, which won later acceptance, possibly independently of him, and he seems to be a "cautious innovator". Durling's work is an excellent edition and another fundamental contribution of this eminent scholar to the knowledge of the first Greek-Latin translators and to the study of the tradition of Greek medicine in the Western world.
Intraocular foreign bodies associated with traumatic cataract.

OBJECTIVE To determine prognostic factors and visual outcomes in patients with intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) associated with traumatic cataract. PARTICIPANTS 19 patients undergoing surgical removal of IOFB and cataract extraction with a minimum of 6-months follow-up. OUTCOME MEASURES Final best corrected visual acuity was the main outcome where ocular findings at presentation were compared with final visual acuity to determine prognostic factors for visual outcome. RESULTS Final best corrected visual acuity of > 6/30 was obtained in 12 patients (63.2%) and functional vision (> 1.5/60) was achieved in five patients (26.3%). CONCLUSION Final visual outcomes were found in 63.2% of patients. Initial visual acuity was the strongest predictor of final visual outcome in this study. Additional predictive factors included the mechanism of injury and the presence of vitreous hemorrhage.
Enhanced [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation in the right ventricular free wall predicts long-term prognosis of patients with pulmonary hypertension: a preliminary observational study.

AIMS We have previously demonstrated that [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation is increased in the right ventricular (RV) free wall of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), and that this accumulation is ameliorated after the treatment with epoprostenol associated with improvement of haemodynamic overload. The aim of this study was to examine whether enhanced RV FDG accumulation by gated positron emission tomography (PET) has a prognostic impact in patients with PH. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the prognostic impact of the RV standardized uptake value (SUV) of FDG-PET corrected for the partial volume effect (cRV-SUV) in 27 patients with PH who underwent gated FDG-PET from March 2001 to June 2004. During the follow-up period of 69 ± 49 (mean ± SD) months, among the 27 patients, 15 showed clinical worsening (CW) and 11 died. FDG-PET examination showed that cRV-SUV was significantly higher in the CW group compared with the non-CW group (10.1 vs. 7.6, P = 0.02). Univariate Cox hazard analysis showed that cRV-SUV was significantly correlated with the time to CW (hazard ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.51, P = 0.02), which remained significant even after adjustment of World Health Organization functional class. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the patients with cRV-SUV ≥8.3 had poor prognosis compared with those with cRV-SUV <8.3 (log-rank P = 0.005 for time to CW and P = 0.07 for mortality). CONCLUSION These results indicate that enhanced FDG accumulation in the RV free wall may be a novel prognostic factor in patients with PH.
Ongoing university studies and the risk of suicide: a register-based nationwide cohort study of 5 million young and middle-aged individuals in Sweden, 1993–2011

Objectives To investigate the risk of suicide, unnatural death and all-cause death in university students compared with non-students, taking previous educational attainment into account. Design Open cohort study of all residents aged 18–39 and living in Sweden at any time between 1 January 1993 and 31 December 2011. Setting We linked data from national registers and calculated person-years during university studies for three time periods (1993–1999, 2000–2005 and 2006–2011). Time as non-student was calculated and categorised according to attained educational level. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% CIs were calculated with Poisson regression models, controlling for age and period. Participants The cohort consisted of 5 039 419 individuals, 51% men and 49% women. Main outcome measures Incidence of suicide (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9: E950–E959, ICD-10: X60–X84) or death with undetermined intent (ICD-9: E980-E989, ICD-10: Y10-Y34), unnatural death (ICD-9: E800-E999 and ICD-10: V01-Y99) and all-cause death. Results A total of 7316 deaths due to suicide were identified, of which 541 were registered among university students. The risk of suicide was twofold during ongoing university studies compared with when having attained university education, IRR 2.37 (95% CI 2.07 to 2.72) in men and IRR 2.15 (95% CI 1.77 to 2.61) in women. Conclusions Having ongoing university studies was associated with a higher risk of suicide compared with having attained university-level education. This finding highlights the importance of achieving a deeper understanding of suicidal behaviour during years at university. Further studies should assess risk factors for suicide and suicidal behaviour in university students.
The use of mixed methods in studying a chronic illness

This article explores mixed-method approaches with an illness called myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Qualitative and Quantitative data were used to investigate the epidemiology of this illness, as well as explore attributions based on the name of the illness, and finally treatment approaches. In each of the domains within the ME and CFS research reviewed, our analyses were richer and our findings ultimately more impactful when we integrated qualitative and quantitative research methods. The use of a multiphase mixed-methods research program provided our team unique vantage points for better understanding social and community issues involving this controversial chronic illness. Furthermore, this approach allowed us to implement the insights gained through an advocacy lens to change policy, recommend and evaluate treatments, and amplify voices within the patient population. In this way, we believe that the practice of methodological pluralism is especially applicable and effective to the study of chronic illness, and believe that other investigators will benefit from the use of these approaches with similar disenfranchised and unfairly treated populations.
Regional clock gate splitting algorithm for clock tree synthesis

In this paper, the new clock distribution design flow and algorithm of clock gate splitting to improve the clock gate's enable signal timing violations had been presented. The clock gate components in a clock tree are exposed to setup timing violations due to the nature that the clock gates skew is normally big as they are located at the beginning of the clock tree. The effective splitting of the clock gate to the lower level of the clock tree will improve the clock gate skew and thus improve the setup margin.
Factors Affecting SMEs' Owners/managers in Adoption of Business-to-Business Techniques: a Research Framework

This paper uses innovation and diffusion theory and the technology acceptance model as its theoretical basis. The paper proposes a new theoretical model that emphasises on Small to Medium Enterprises' adopting Business to Business electronic commerce by identifying the individual factors, including perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, innovativeness, attitude, and behaviour as the factors affecting owners/managers decision to the adoption. Because of individuals' uniqueness and the nature of B2B techniques, differences in education, organisational culture, past experience with technology, and the pressures from important business partners and suppliers are identified as possible moderators for the effects of individual factors.
A comparison of Chevron and Lindgren-Turan osteotomy techniques in hallux valgus surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective randomized controlled single-blind study was to compare the results of Chevron and Lindgren-Turan osteotomy techniques for treatment of moderate hallux valgus. METHODS A total of 66 female patients (34 in Chevron group, 32 Lindgren-Turan group) were recruited in this study and followed up for an average of 26.08 months. Operative procedures were performed by 2 surgeons, and patients were evaluated by an another researcher who was blinded to the surgical technique. The groups were compared for their radiological and clinical results. RESULTS Both techniques was clinically and radiologically effective (p<0.01). However, no significant differences were found between the 2 groups regarding American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society's clinical rating system, Painful Foot Evaluation scale of Maryland University scores, or radiologic evaluation (p>0.05). Compared to the Chevron group, the Lindgren-Turan group was found to have shorter surgical duration (p<0.05) and significantly more shortening at the first metatarsal (p<0.05). CONCLUSION In moderate hallux valgus deformity, both the Chevron and Lindgren-Turan osteotomy techniques are clinically and radiologically safe, effective, and reliable alternatives. No superiority was detected in either technique. Although shortening at the first metatarsal in the Lindgren-Turan group was radiologically significant, the results were clinically tolerable.
Iron deficiency drives an autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) phenotype in fibroblast growth factor-23 (Fgf23) knock-in mice

Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) is unique among the disorders involving Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) because individuals with R176Q/W and R179Q/W mutations in the FGF23 176RXXR179/S180 proteolytic cleavage motif can cycle from unaffected status to delayed onset of disease. This onset may occur in physiological states associated with iron deficiency, including puberty and pregnancy. To test the role of iron status in development of the ADHR phenotype, WT and R176Q-Fgf23 knock-in (ADHR) mice were placed on control or low-iron diets. Both the WT and ADHR mice receiving low-iron diet had significantly elevated bone Fgf23 mRNA. WT mice on a low-iron diet maintained normal serum intact Fgf23 and phosphate metabolism, with elevated serum C-terminal Fgf23 fragments. In contrast, the ADHR mice on the low-iron diet had elevated intact and C-terminal Fgf23 with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. We used in vitro iron chelation to isolate the effects of iron deficiency on Fgf23 expression. We found that iron chelation in vitro resulted in a significant increase in Fgf23 mRNA that was dependent upon Mapk. Thus, unlike other syndromes of elevated FGF23, our findings support the concept that late-onset ADHR is the product of gene–environment interactions whereby the combined presence of an Fgf23-stabilizing mutation and iron deficiency can lead to ADHR.
Microfungal‐community diversity in Zygophyllum dumosum and Hammada scoparia root zones in the northern Negev Desert

The soil dilution plate method was used to determine the influences of perennial shrubs on the species diversity and density of cultivable microfungal communities inhabiting the root zones of two perennial shrubs, Zygophyllum dumosum and Hammada scoparia, in the northern Negev Desert, Israel. Soil samples were collected under the canopies of shrubs and the open spaces between them (serving as control) from five depths (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 cm) during the wet and dry seasons of 2010. Fifty‐one species belonging to 31 genera were identified from Zygomycota, teleomorphic and anamorphic Ascomycota, including Coelomycetes. During the wet and dry seasons, 4–10 and 2–6 species were identified at different soil depths beneath perennial shrubs and in the open spaces, while the corresponding colony‐forming units (CFUs) varied from 3071 to 27687 and from 3201 to 15247 g−1 dry soil. More diverse microfungal communities were collected in the vicinity of perennial shrubs compared to the open spaces during the wet season, while a reverse trend was observed during the dry season. Further study is needed to provide insights into the correlation between compounds of litter and root exudates of perennial shrubs and microfungal‐community structure by a combination of molecular and physiological tools.