Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing the effects of learning the structure strategy via Web-based training or classroom training on the recall of near and far transfer texts

The study examined the effects of two methods for training college students in a reading strategy: web-based and traditional/classroom training. Participants were randomly assigned to three conditions. Participants in the first condition received traditional/classroom training on using the problem/solution structure when reading and recalling information. Participants in the second condition received web-based training on using the problem/solution structure. Participants in the third condition were not trained on using the problem/solution structure. Then, all participants read and recalled two passages (near and far transfer tasks). Participants trained to use the problem/solution structure were expected to outperform those not trained on the near and far transfer tasks. Participants in the web-based condition were expected to have significantly better use of the top-level structure, total recall, and recall of main ideas than participants in the traditional/classroom training condition on the far transfer passage but not on the near transfer passage, to perform better on the training exercises and to have more positive attitudes toward training than participants in the traditional/classroom training condition. The data supported the first hypothesis in that participants taught to use the problem/solution structure performed significantly better on the use of the top-level structure measure. The hypothesis that participants in the web-based condition would perform better on the dependent measures on the far transfer but not on the near transfer passage was not supported by the data. The hypothesis that participants in the web-based condition would outperform those in the traditional/classroom condition on the training exercises was not supported. The hypothesis that participants in the web-based condition would have more positive attitudes was partially supported.
The Languages Of Logic

Book synopsis: With the same intellectual goals as the first edition, this innovative introductory logic textbook explores the relationship between natural language and logic, motivating the student to acquire skills and techniques of formal logic. This new and revised edition includes substantial additions which make the text even more useful to students and instructors alike. Central to these changes is an Appendix, 'How to Learn Logic', which takes the student through fourteen compact and sharply directed lessons with exercises and answers.
Dimensional Bubble Flow Control and Fully Adaptive Routing in the 2-D Mesh Network on Chip

In this paper, the novel flow control strategy called dimensional bubble flow control (DBFC) is presented. The flow control strategy of DBFC builds on virtual cut-through switching and credit-based flow control mechanism and analyzes the credit value of port and the routing information of the packets to realize the point-point flow control. In the 2-D mesh network on chip, when the flow control strategy of DBFC is accepted, the adaptive dimensional bubble routing (ADBR) algorithm designed in this paper can get the goals including deadlock-free and minimal distance even if the cyclic dependencies exist. In this paper, the detail proof is provided for these conclusions. Lastly, we adapt the source code of NOXIM that is a popular simulator of on-chip networks and realize the flow control of DBFC and ADBR algorithm in NOXIM. We test the performance of ADBR on NOXIM. The simulation performance shows our scheme is superior to the usual approach such as XY dimension-order routing, with nearly 17.5% improvement in the packets latency and throughput.
Adjustable neural network controller: application to a large segmented reflector

A neural network controller (NNC) whose parameters are adjusted online is presented to control a class of multivariable linear systems. The plant to be controlled is assumed to be square (p inputs, p outputs) and almost strictly positive real (ASPR). The NNC is applied to a linear model of a large segmented space reflector and simulation results are presented. The ASPR condition is a strong condition, in general, but for the specific application of interest, i.e. control of flexible structures, the ASPR condition can be satisfied by an appropriate combination of the output variables (positions and velocities). As compared to other adaptive NNC reported in the literature, the proposed NNC is simpler and more suitable for real time applications.
A paradigm for distributed detection under communication constraints

We present a new paradigm for the decentralized detection problem under communication constraints. In this problem, local sensors send a hard decision or the likelihood ratio itself to the fusion center based on the specified communication constraint. An optimal system is designed by minimizing the risk function. Also, a simpler system design procedure based on Ali-Silvey distances is presented.
CLASSIFICATION

The range of user requirements on multicast protocols is so wide that no single protocol will ever satisfy them. The set of multicast protocols can be classified using the user requirements, and the architectures, mechanisms, communications patterns, and policies used to satisfy these requirements. We provide such a classification, and illustrate it with several example protocols chosen to cover the range of features described.
Experiments on the element spacing in multi-antenna systems

Wide-band radio channel measurements at 5.2 GHz using 4 transmit and 4 receive antennas with variable element spacing are reported aiming to evaluate the potential of multiple antennas at mobile terminals. We observe that, for antenna spacing d<0.5/spl middot//spl lambda/(down to 0.2/spl middot//spl lambda/), the link capacity is not smaller than for much larger d, due to mutual coupling between antenna elements. Compact antenna arrays may thus be practical at mobile terminals.
Scaffold Seeking

Although well-designed scaffolding may assist students to accomplish learning tasks, its insufficient capability to dynamically assess students’ abilities and to adaptively support them may result in the problem of overscaffolding. Our previous project has also shown that students using scaffolds to solve mathematical word problems for a long time may regard problem solving as a repetitive job and eventually became bored. To avoid the problem, this study redesigns the activity model of scaffolding by adopting a reverse rationale and incorporating the concept of helps seeking. Furthermore, this study proposes the activity model of scaffold seeking and designs a system that empowers students to seek scaffolds for solving mathematical word problems. A case study shows that the model may encourage students to solve problems by themselves rather than abusing scaffolds. Besides, the result also suggests that students are potential to express their thinking without the limitation of scaffolds.
Adaptive modulation for MIMO systems with V-BLAST detection

Adaptive modulation for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with zero forcing (ZF) V-BLAST is considered. Motivated by the observation that the detection ordering of the original V-BLAST algorithm, called the forward ordering, is not suitable for adaptive modulation, a new detection ordering for V-BLAST-based adaptive modulation is proposed. This ordering, called the reverse ordering, selects the symbol corresponding to the minimum gain at each iteration, in contrast to the forward ordering which always gives priority to the maximum gain. The advantage of the reverse ordering over the forward ordering is demonstrated through analysis and simulation. It is shown that the reverse ordering can provide about 2 dB gain as compared with the forward ordering and almost comparable to the optimal ordering which is found through an exhaustive search. The V-BLAST based adaptive modulation with reverse ordering performs somewhat worse than the singular value decomposition (SVD) based method [G.G Raleigh et al., March 1998], but the former is shown to be considerably simpler to implement than the latter.
Global Tribology Research Output (1998 - 2012): A Macro Level Scientometric Study

The aim of this study is to compare country output and citation impact as well as to assess the level of interdisciplinarity in the field of tribology research during the period 1998-2012, based on the SCOPUS database. Macro-level scientometric indicators such as growth rate, share of international collaborative papers, citation per paper, share of un-cited papers, and publication efficiency index were employed. Further, the Simpson Index of Diversity was used to measure the level of interdisciplinarity. The performance of top countries contributing more than 1000 papers during the study period was discussed. Contributions and share of continents and countries by income groups were examined. Further research contributions and citation impact of selected country groups were analyzed. This study reveals that high levels of interdisciplinarity exist in tribology research. Asia outperforms the other world regions and China contributes most of the papers (25%), while the United States receives most of the citations (22%).
Testing with replacement and the product limit estimator : (preprint)

Let x 1 ,x 2,~ . be a sequence of i.i. d. strictly positive r.v. 's with d.f. F. Define N(t) = #{j: x 1 + ••• + X. ~ t}. In "testing with replacement" ~ J n independent copies of N are observed each over the time interval [O,T] and we are interested in nonparametric estimation of F based on these ob-. servations. We prove consistency of the product limit estimator as n ➔ 00 for arbitrary F, and weak convergence for two cases: integer valued X. ; and 1. X. with a continuous d.f. We use the theory of stochastic integrals to do 1. this, and explain the similarity of our results with those for the product limit estimator in the model of "random censorship".
RECENT ADVANCES IN STATISTICAL MODELS: TOPICS IN MODEL SELECTION AND SEMI-PARAMETRIC INFERENCE

OF THE DISSERTATION Recent advances in statistical models: Topics in model selection and semi-parametric inference by WENQIAN QIAO Dissertation Director: Minge Xie This dissertation consists of three chapters. It develops new methodologies to address two specific problems of recent statistical research: • How to incorporate hierarchical structure in high dimensional regression model selection. • How to achieve semi-parametric efficiency in the presence of missing data. For the first problem, we provide a new approach to explicitly incorporate a given hierarchical structure among the predictors into high dimensional regression model selection. The proposed estimation approach has a hierarchical grouping property so that a pair of variables that are “close” in the hierarchy will be more likely grouped in the estimated model than those that are “far away”. We also prove that the proposed method can consistently select the true model. These properties are demonstrated numerically in simulation and a real data analysis on peripheral-blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) study.
View from an Electronic Learning Environment: Perceptions and Patterns among Students in an Online Graduate Education Course

The study examined perceptions and patterns of technology use among graduate students enrolled in an online education course. Eight participant profiles and case studies—consisting of subjects currently teaching in a public school environment and also enrolled in a Masters' program; subjects employed as public school substitute teachers and also enrolled in a non-degree teacher licensure program, and one non-employed graduate student—were examined and analyzed. A qualitative approach to research was implemented using the constant comparative method of data analysis. Data in the form of participant observer field notes, sample products completed by participants, online Discussion Board postings, research papers, participant presentations, onsite discussions, generated reports regarding online course access patterns, and information gleaned from a summative Online Course Evaluation Survey revealed specific patterns of technology use, learning preferences, and benefits of an online university environment. Results from the study indicate that students preferred to work at specific hours of the day, engaged in research-supported online discussions with a high rate of activity, and preferred to complete Internet-based research assignments. Additional findings show that by participating in an online graduate-level course—which required frequent action research, inquiry-based projects—participants were able to connect typical education content with relevant classroom experiences. In addition, those participants, who at the time of the study were employed as public school teachers, were able to successfully incorporate teleresearch into their own classroom teaching.
A structure diagram design tool for teaching embedded systems software design

In this paper we describe an educational software tool designed and developed to help students create design structure diagrams and structured C code for embedded systems applications using a microcontroller. The software allows the easy creation of structure diagrams using standard symbols (sequence, selection and iteration), line drawing and text editing. Multi-page diagrams may be drawn, the pages being linked by interpage connectors or function calls. When the structure diagram is complete, an outline of the corresponding C code can be automatically generated. The generated C code includes comments relating to each symbol in the structure diagram, partly coded selection, iteration and function definition statements, and automatic creation of blocks of code corresponding to the structure diagram. The student then edits the C code by completing the partly coded statements, adding sequence statements and other details such as include, define, variable definition and function prototype statements. If the program structure needs to be changed during debugging, the structure diagram can be modified and new C code generated. This new code can be merged with the previous C code version, so that any code changes already made by the student are not lost. The application of this design tool in a taught paper is discussed, and student feedback is presented. It is shown that this design tool has resulted in much improved student focus on software design before coding.
Le contrôle des systèmes asynchrones : concepts, propriétés, analyse statique

Hypothese de travail. Les systemes de transitions. Controleurs a commandes gardees. Les reseaux de Petri en tant que controleurs. Analyse des proprietes logiques des reseaux de Petri. La notion de place implicite : deux applications. Analyse des proprietes dynamiques : les reseaux de petri temporises.
Active and passive side stick controllers in manual aircraft control

A two-axis electrohydraulic servo-controlled side stick was used to study the manual control of aircraft with advanced control systems. The applied stick force can be made independent of the stick position. In case of an active side stick the applied stick force is used as the control signal to the aircraft, and aircraft state variables such as pitch and roll attitude or rate can be fed back to the stick position. With the passive side stick, the servosystem, as the control loading system of a flight simulator, simulates the dynamic characteristics of a mechanical mass-spring-damper control system. An experiment in which the influence of passive and active side sticks on manual control was compared under a wide variety of experimental conditions in a moving-base flight simulator is described. The simulator is described. The results show that the active side stick helps the subject improve tracking performance in both a disturbance task and a target-following task. The addition of motion cues improved tracking performance independently of the side stick characteristics and tracking task. <<ETX>>
Preparing Tomorrow's English Language Arts Teachers Today: Principles and Practices for Infusing Technology

A teacher in Orlando, Florida has her students read Mark Twain's novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, and they discuss the book chapter by chapter. Sounds like standard operating procedure.except that her students also post their responses to each chapter on a listserv where other students in a classroom in Russia can add their own thoughts. Both classrooms—in Florida and in Russia—are reading through the novel at the same time and at the same rate so the students can share thoughts and negotiate meanings among one another. ●
Fundamental properties of ad-hoc networks like Bluetooth: a radio network perspective

Ad-hoc systems can be characterized by the absence of infrastructure and centralized control. While the foregoing properties facilitate easy deployment, radio propagation conditions in ad-hoc networks are much more unpredictable than in planned and systematically laid-out cellular networks. Because of this difficulty to anticipate the channel conditions, approaches that have successfully been used to optimize the overall radio network performance of cellular systems cannot simply be applied to ad-hoc systems. Instead, these optimization approaches have to be evaluated carefully for their applicability in ad-hoc environments. This paper explains what should (additionally) be taken into account when designing forward error correction, power control, link adaptation, or carrier sensing schemes for ad-hoc networks. Motivated by the scientific and industry attention that Bluetooth is receiving, it is used here as an example technology. This paper shows that for Bluetooth neither link adaptation nor carrier sensing are appropriate means to improve the radio network performance, that an automatic repeat request algorithm need not be supported by forward error correction and that signal strength based power control performs best in case of full compensation of the path loss variation.
Industrial Control Systems Vulnerabilities and Security Issues and Future Enhancements

Massive numbers of applications have been developed to fulfill the requirements of end-users; the world is considered as a cell of communication in which applications are centralized and distributed, and accessed by internet. Like traditional networks, real time networks such as supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed controller systems (DCSs) and others have been employing the internet technology to connect their various stations, and with central controller(s). Internet technology brought several benefits in terms of real time delivery of information to, and between geographical located stations; but at the other side, numerous of security issues have also been accounted and considered to be dangerous for information delivery. In survey, numbers of vulnerabilities and security issues are identified by reviewing of existing researches in real time networks, existing security developments are also reviewed and analyzed, and future directions are highlighted that will enhance the security in real time transmission(s).
Implementing Information Science in Policing: Mapping the Evidence Base

In many disciplines there is a wealth of primary evaluation research on what works, and systematic reviews that synthesise that evidence. This is, of course, extremely positive. However, the sheer scale of the information and the way in which it is indexed and presented can mean that it is difficult for practitioners to locate the best available evidence. For this reason, in health, education and other disciplines, using techniques from information science, researchers have systematically assembled databases such as those hosted on healthevidence.org and educationendowmentfoundation.org which bring together the most reliable evidence. Hitherto, no such database has existed for crime and criminal justice interventions. This paper sets out some of challenges and early findings of one exercise which aims to produce such a database, being completed as part of the What Works Centre for Crime Reduction (WWCCR) initiative in collaboration with the College of Policing.
Low-thrust trajectory design as a constrained global optimization problem

The design of a spacecraft trajectory can be formulated as a global optimization task. The complexity of the resulting problem depends greatly on the final target planet, the chosen spacecraft intermediate route, and the type of engine and power system available on-board. Few attempts have been made to directly use a global optimization framework to design trajectories that make use of low-thrust propulsion because of the large scale and extreme complexity of the resulting non-linear programming problem. The presence of non-convex constraints, in particular, requires the use of solvers able to deal with such an added complexity. Here, the Sims–Flanagan transcription method is proposed to model the low-thrust trajectory design as a constrained global optimization problem. Then, two different solvers are applied: basin hopping and simulated annealing with adaptive neighbourhood. Both algorithms are hybridized with a local search. Two different interplanetary trajectories are considered: an Earth–Earth–Jupiter transfer with a nuclear electric propulsion spacecraft inspired by the Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter and a transfer to Mercury inspired by the BepiColombo mission. For both problems, the proposed approach proves to be able to explore automatically the vast solution space, producing a large number of trajectories in a large range of final mass and flight times, proving the possibility to apply global optimization techniques directly to the low-thrust problem.
Moving beyond Ku era and Francis: A critical evaluation of current word frequency norms and the introduction of a new and improved word frequency measure for American English

it has been well established that word frequency is a very important variable in cognitive processing. Highfrequency words are perceived and produced more quickly and more efficiently than low-frequency words (e.g., Balota & Chumbley, 1984; Jescheniak & Levelt, 1994; Monsell, Doyle, & Haggard, 1989; Rayner & Duffy, 1986). At the same time, high-frequency words are easier to recall but more difficult to recognize in episodic memory tasks (e.g., Glanzer & Bowles, 1976; Yonelinas, 2002). To investigate the word frequency effect, psychologists need estimates of how often words occur in a language. Howes and Solomon (1951), for instance, made use of Thorndike and Lorge’s (1944; hereafter, TL) list of words as counted in books. Subsequently, Ku era and Francis’s (1967; hereafter, KF) frequency norms became the measure of preference and formed the basis of over 40 years of psycholinguistic and memory research in the U.S. The latter may be surprising, because the KF list was based on a corpus of 1.014 million words only, whereas TL was based on a corpus of 18 million words. The reasons why KF became more popular may have been that the texts were more recent (from 1961 vs. the 1920s and 1930s) and were entirely based on adult reading material, whereas TL also contained children’s books. Differences in availability may have played a role as well, in addition to a snowball effect (once KF was used in a number of key articles, it became the measure of choice for the group of researchers working on that topic).
Issues in the Undergraduate Mathematics Preparation of School Teachers: A World Wide Web Site

Here in we introduce a World Wide Web site titled Issues in the Undergraduate Mathematics Preparation of School Teachers. This site is dedicated specifically to issues involving the college level mathematical preparation of prospective K-12 teachers, with the target audience being faculty members and administrators at institutions of higher education who are interested in the mathematics preparation of this group of students.