Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Need for Fractal Logic in High Energy Quantum Physics

Modern advances in pure mathematics and particularly in transfinite set theory have introduced into the fundamentals of theoretical physics many novel concepts and devices such as fractal quasi manifolds with non-integer (Hausdorff) dimension for its geometry as well as infinite dimensional wild topology and non classical fuzzy logic. In the present work transfinite fractal sets and fuzzy logic are combined to enable the introduction of a new theory termed fractal logic to the foundation of high energy particle physics. This leads naturally to a new look at quantum gravity. In particular we will show that to understand and develop quantum gravity we have to bring various fields together, particularly fractals and nonlinear dynamics as well as sphere packing, fuzzy set theory, number theory and quantum entanglement and irrationally q-deformed algebra.
Contrasting patterns of change in the distribution and abundance of farmland birds in relation to farming system in lowland Britain

Patterns of change in distribution (presence/ absence) and abundance since the late 1960s were examined in 20 species of farmland bird in southern Britain in predominantly arable (eastern), predominantly mixed (central) and predominantly grassland (western) regions. Comparisons were made between changes in distribution and in abundance to determine whether these measures show similar relationships to environmental change. Local extinctions of selected species and reductions in species richness were significantly greater in the predominantly grassland region. Decreases in abundance were greatest in seven species in the predominantly arable region, two in the mixed region and nine in the grassland region. Changes in distribution and abundance showed consistent patterns in three species, turtle dove Streptopelia turtur L. , yellow wagtail Motacilla flava L. and reed bunting Emberiza schoeniclus L. In another four species, grey partridge Perdix perdix L. , lapwing Vanellus vanellus L. , tree sparrow Passer montanus L. and corn bunting Miliaria calandra L. , decreases in abundance were greatest in the arable region, yet declines in distribution were lowest. For other individual species, changes in distribution were too small to draw any conclusions in relation to farm type. We suggest that modern grassland systems are suboptimal habitats compared to arable or mixed agricultural land for many farmland species that occur at relatively low density in the more western, grass-dominated region. Declines in abundance are therefore more likely to lead to local extinction in these areas than in eastern areas where abundance is higher. However, the role of changes in grassland management on bird populations requires further research. It is suggested that conclusions drawn from changes in distribution alone, in the absence of supporting data on changes in abundance, may be misleading where the aim is to assess how large-scale spatial dynamics of populations relate to environmental change.
Effect of indigenous probiotics lactic acid bacteria on the small intestinal histology structure and the expression of mucins in the ileum of broiler chickens

Intestinal mucous containing mucins play an essential role as mucosal barrier to prevent invasion in the intestinal tissue of broilers. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of indigenous probiotics lactic acidbacteria on small intestinal histology structure and expression of mucins in the ileum of broiler chicken raised for 35 days. A total of 60 day old chick Lohmann strain broilers were randomly divided into four treatment groups, namely T0, T1, T2 and T3. The T0 group was raised with unsupplemented probiotics, while T1, T2 and T3 were orally supplemented multistrain probiotics at concentration 107, 108, 109 CFU/ml/bird/day, respectively. The results showed that supplementation of indigenous lactic acidbacteria probiotics significantly (P<0.05) increased villus height, villus width of duodenum, jejunum and ileum, as well as increased expression of mucin mRNA in the ileum compared to the control one in broilers. This results suggest that probiotics may stimulate proliferation of intestinal epithelium and regulate mucosal barrier formed by mucin in the intestine of broiler chickens.
Developing a Framework of Food Choice Determinants among Construction Workers in South Africa

1 Abstract-A plethora of factors are known to influence an individual’s food choice and overall nutrition, which in turn, influences their health and safety performance. However, it appears that little research has been conducted in South Africa, on the factors which influence the food choices and intake of construction workers in particular. A theoretical framework and questionnaire were developed from a review of literature. Principal Components Analysis was used to analyze and test the theoretical framework. Results evinced that food choices among South African construction workers are determinable by seven factors as opposed to six theorized factors. The study provides evidence which defines the factors that influence construction workers’ food choice. The study will be useful to construction managers and stakeholders in planning for nutrition improvement in the construction industry. Improving nutrition will contribute to improvement in health and safety performance on construction sites.
Keeping Up with the Grandkids: Using TAGteach(TM) to Train Baton Twirling Skills in Older Adults

iv Chapter One: Introduction 1 Chapter Two: Method 12 Participants and Setting 12 Materials 13 Response Measurement and Interobserver Agreement 13 Design and Procedure 15 Experimental Sequence 15 Baseline 16 TAGteach Training 16 TAGteach Terms and Priniciples 17 TAGteach Intervention 17 Maintenance 18 Social Validity Measures 19 Chapter Three: Results 20 TAGteach Training Results 20 Percent Correct on Task Analyses 20 Social Validity Results 22 Chapter Four: Discussion 24 Tables and Figures 31 References 38 Appendices 42 Appendix A: Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire 42 Appendix B: Baton Twirling Safety Assessment 43 Appendix C: Task Analyses with Tagpoints 44 Appendix D: TAGteach Treatment Integrity Checklist 51 Appendix E: TAGteach Post-Study Survey 52 Appendix F: IRB Approval Letter 53
YACIS: A Five-Billion-Word Corpus of Japanese Blogs Fully Annotated with Syntactic and Affective Information

This paper presents YACIS, a new fully annotated large scale corpus of Japanese language. The corpus is based on blog en- tries from Ameba blog service. The original structure (blog post and comments) is preserved, thanks to which semantic relations between posts and comments are maintained. The corpus is annotated with syntactic (POS, dependency parsing, etc.) and affective (emotive ex- pressions, emoticons, valence, etc.) information. The annotations are evaluated in a survey on over forty respondents. The corpus is also compared to other existing corpora, both large scale and emotion re- lated.
English-Español-Português Role of the Echocardiography in Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation affects to 0.5 % of the population and it is generally more frequent in men than in women (1), with an overall prevalence of 0,4% the general population (2,3,4) affecting 2,2 million Americans. The prevalence of AF increases markedly with advanced age, affecting to 0.2 % of the population between 25 and 34 years old, 2% to 5% of those older than 60 years old and 10% of those older than 80 years old (5,6,7).
Combinations of low/high permittivity and/or permeability substrates for highly directive planar metamaterial antennas

An investigation of planar metamaterial antennas consisting of grounded metamaterial substrates with low and/or high values of the electric permittivity and/or the magnetic permeability excited by dipole sources is presented. Their performances are characterised in terms of their capability to radiate high levels of power density in the broadside direction and to produce narrow pencil beams pointing at broadside with high directivity. To achieve a high directivity, a pair of weakly attenuated cylindrical leaky waves is excited along the metamaterial substrate; sufficient conditions are established for the existence of such leaky waves in terms of the values of the substrate permittivity and permeability. Approximate closed-form expressions are derived for the phase and attenuation constants of the leaky waves. Numerical results are given in order to illustrate the radiative features of this class of antennas and to validate the theoretical analysis.
Black Aesthetics

This article introduces the preoccupations and themes that define the study and practice of black aesthetics. It presents a provisional sketch of a field that has long been recognized in other humanities disciplines, but that is only now gaining wide notice in academic philosophy. This sketch emphasizes the aspects of the field that invite specifically philosophic scrutiny, while touching lightly on specific artworks, critical literatures and historical developments. Among the topics that receive attention are the following: race, aesthetic politics, creolization, nationalism, modernity, white supremacy and the blues.
Cattle Farmers’ Preferences for Disease‐Free Zones in Kenya: An application of the Choice Experiment Method

Management of livestock diseases is important in ensuring food safety to consumers in both domestic and export markets. Various measures are prescribed under the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards (SPS) agreement of the World Trade Organization. In order to prevent the spread of trans-boundary cattle diseases, the SPS agreement recommends the establishment of Disease-Free Zones (DFZs). These have been implemented successfully in some major beef-exporting countries, but in Kenya are still at a pilot stage. To understand Kenyan farmers' preferences on the type of DFZ that would be readily acceptable to them, a choice experiment was conducted using a D-optimal design. Results show that farmers would be willing to pay to participate in a DFZ where: adequate training is provided on pasture development, record keeping and disease monitoring; market information is provided and sales contract opportunities are guaranteed; cattle are properly labelled for ease of identification; and some monetary compensation is provided in the event that cattle die due to severe disease outbreaks. Preferences for the DFZ attributes are shown to be heterogeneous across three cattle production systems. We also derive farmers' preferences for various DFZ policy scenarios. The findings have important implications for policy on the design of DFZ programmes in Kenya and other countries that face similar cattle disease challenges. Â© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Semi-automatic grading system in histologic and immunohistochemistry analysis to evaluate in vitro chondrogenesis

During embryological limb formation mesenchymal cells condense and differentiate into chondrocytes, in a process known as chondrogenesis. These chondrocytes synthesize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), thus playing an important role in this process. A simplified system in vitro chondrogenesis, using adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been demonstrated. This differentiation potential is usually assessed by histological staining. Objective. Establishment of a semi-automatic grading system for histochemistry stains and immunohistochemistry assays. Materials and methods. For chondrogenesis cells were cultured for three weeks in aggregates with inducing media. Total GAGs were measured using dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) method. For histological analyses aggregates were stained with Alcian blue for total GAGs detection and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for aggrecan was performed. Semi-automatic grading for all slides was obtained after ImageJ analysis. Results. MSCs cultured as aggregates in chondrogenic differentiation media had similar protein concentrations for all time points, suggesting cellularity remained homogenous during culture. Total GAGs was higher for aggregates cultured in chondrogenic compared to complete media. The same trend was observed for Alcian blue stain grades by blinded observer and analysis using ImageJ software. Aggrecan’s IHC analysis had a decreasing tendency with time for aggregates in chondrogenic media for blinded observer and ImageJ evaluation. Conclusion. We developed a functional system for semi-automatic slide grading. We corroborated these results by biochemical analysis with comparable results. To our knowledge, for in vitro chondrogenesis, this is the first report to evaluate stains using this methodology. This procedure might be useful for other applications in the field of Biology and Medical Sciences.
Measuring and Analyzing the Bullwhip Effect in a Two-Product and Two Echelon Supply Chain Using Control Theory Approach

Coordination is very important in supply chain management and it is one of the main factors in supply chain profitability. Bullwhip effect is one of the basic obstacles to achieve coordination in supply chains and reduction of this phenomenon has an important role in supply chain harmony. The other side, costs of supply chain can be mitigated and customer service level can be increased by reducing of bullwhip effect. Because measurement of bullwhip effect is very important in analysing and controlling of it, providing equations to investigate bullwhip effect behaviour based on real world supply chain conditions is necessary. The previous studies mostly concentrate on single product supply chain and few studies have been done on supply chains with more than one product. Here we quantify and investigate the bullwhip effect in a two-echelon supply chain with two products using control theory approach. Due to the relationship between demands of two products in our proposed supply chain, first order vector auto regressive model is used as demand process of the products. We also apply moving average method for lead-time demand forecasting within the "order up to" replenishment policy. We derive a closed form bullwhip measure and then bullwhip effect in a two-product supply chain is discussed and illustrated through a numerical example.
A NUMERICAL ASSESSMENT OF COSMIC-RAY ENERGY DIFFUSION THROUGH TURBULENT MEDIA

How and where cosmic rays are produced, and how they diffuse through various turbulent media, represent fundamental problems in astrophysics with far-reaching implications, both in terms of our theoretical understanding of high-energy processes in the Milky Way and beyond, and the successful interpretation of space-based and ground based GeV and TeV observations. For example, recent and ongoing detections, e.g., by Fermi (in space) and HESS (in Namibia), of γ-rays produced in regions of dense molecular gas hold important clues for both processes. In this paper, we carry out a comprehensive numerical investigation of relativistic particle acceleration and transport through turbulent magnetized environments in order to derive broadly useful scaling laws for the energy diffusion coefficients.
Why Do Firms Switch Their Main Bank?: Theory and Evidence from Ukraine

We examine why firms change their main bank and how this affects loans, interest payments and firm performance after switching. Using unique firm-bank matched Ukrainian data, the treatment effect estimates suggest that more transparent and riskier companies are more likely to switch their main bank. Importantly, main bank power, measured by equity holdings, appears to be one of the main drivers of firm switching behavior. Furthermore, we find that firms have lower performance after changing their main bank as they have to contend with higher interest payments.
Effect of fructooligosaccharides on the physicochemical properties of sour cassava starch and baking quality of gluten-free cheese bread

The present research was undertaken to explore the influence of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the functional and thermal properties of sour cassava starch and the quality characteristics of gluten-free (GF) cheese bread. Fructooligosaccharides were used to replace sour cassava starch at substitution level of 9% (SF1), 17% (SF2), and 29% (SF3). The functional and thermal properties of the starch–FOS mixtures were determined by the water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), pasting profile analysis, thermal transition temperatures and enthalpy of gelatinization. Moreover, the GF cheese breads with starch–FOS mixtures were analyzed for height, diameter, weight, specific volume and dough moisture content. The sample with the highest FOS content (SF3) presented the lowest WAI (1.44), peak (62.4rapid visco units (RVU), breakdown (53.4RVU), final (13.8RVU), and setback (4.9RVU) viscosities, dough moisture content (31.7%), and enthalpy of gelatinization (9.5J/g) and the highest WSI (29.4%) and pasting temperature(69.1°C). Theheight,diameterandspecificvolumeofGFcheesebreadsamplesmade from sour cassava starch were 3.14cm, 6.35cm, and 1.49cm 3 /g, respectively. The SF1 mixture samples resulted in a 3.01cm height, 6.34cm diameter, and 1.55cm 3 /g specific volume. According to Brazilian food labeling regulations, the latter product cannot be categorized as “a good source” of fiber because the minimum level of fiber per portion was not reached.
Temperature- and light-dependent ratio of energy gain to metabolic costs explains spatial and temporal habitat use of zooplanktivorous fish

Understanding the forces that drive habitat selection of species in communities is important in both ecology and evolution. In nature, species face variation in competition, predation and physical characters among habitats. Vendace (Coregonus albula (L.)) is a specialised zooplanktivorous fish predominantly using deeper water in lakes during summer, while roach (Rutilus rutilus (L.)) uses mainly the shallow littoral zone as well as the upper layer of the pelagic zone. To understand mechanisms behind habitat use of these species, I first conducted a predation experiment to investigate their sensitivity to predation by perch (Perca fluviatilis L.). Second, I performed a foraging experiment using different temperature and light treatments. I then used metabolic calculations to estimate energetic costs when foraging. I found no difference between species regarding sensitivity to predation. Vendace was the most efficient forager on zooplankton but also swam faster spending more energy compared to roach. Roach had a comparatively high metabolic rate in the lowest temperature, where their foraging efficiency was lowest. The energy gain ratio at 6°C was highest for vendace, while it was lowest for roach. In the highest temperature (18°C) and the lowest light level (1 lux), both species were similar in their energy gain ratio. The relative energy gain ratio provides a mechanism to explain habitat distribution for the two species. An increased understanding of the role of metabolism in combination with biotic interactions and habitat use may help to foresee effects of environmental change for different species.
High Kinetic Inductance Superconducting Nanowire Resonators for Circuit QED in a Magnetic Field

We present superconducting microwave-frequency resonators based on NbTiN nanowires. The small cross section of the nanowires minimizes vortex generation, making the resonators resilient to magnetic fields. Measured intrinsic quality factors exceed $2\times 10^5$ in a $6$ T in-plane magnetic field, and $3\times 10^4$ in a $350$ mT perpendicular magnetic field. Due to their high characteristic impedance, these resonators are expected to develop zero-point voltage fluctuations one order of magnitude larger than in standard coplanar waveguide resonators. These properties make the nanowire resonators well suited for circuit QED experiments needing strong coupling to quantum systems with small electric dipole moments and requiring a magnetic field, such as electrons in single and double quantum dots.
A Study of Shame-proneness, Drinking Behaviors, and Workplace Role Ambiguity among a Sample of Student Workers

As many as 50% of full time students are employed for pay while enrolled in secondary education (Condition of Education; Planty et al., 2009). It is well documented that college is a vulnerable time for heavy drinking, and similarly, increased consumption among the workforce continues to rise. Student workers, who occupy both roles, therefore may be particularly at risk. The present research explored potential factors related to this stressful dual role experience, which was hypothesized be related to increased alcohol consumption. One such factor proposed was the self-conscious emotion of shame. According to Hull’s (1981) Self Awareness Model, individuals may drink to decrease levels of self-awareness in light of real or perceived failure or intensely negative emotional experiences. Based on this theory, both state and trait shame (shameproneness) have been linked with alcohol consumption. In line with the literature, it was hypothesized that individuals higher in shame-proneness would report recent experiences of shame, as well higher levels of alcohol consumption. It was additionally proposed that this process might be exacerbated for individuals experiencing workplace role ambiguity. Role ambiguity obfuscates both the process necessary for achieving favorable work outcomes, as well as whether those outcomes are or are not actually achieved. Therefore, individuals experiencing high levels of role ambiguity may exist in a continuous experience of wondering if they are doing their jobs correctly or well. The relation between shame-proneness (a trait) and experiences of shame (a state) was proposed to be moderated by the experience of role ambiguity. The present study revealed, however, that there were no direct, indirect, or conditional effects. The discussion explores possible SHAME-PRONENESS, DRINKING BEHAVIORS, AND ROLE AMBIGUITY ii reasons for these outcomes, and offers thoughts regarding future research directions for further exploring these questions.
Housing Investment in Urban China

What explains the rapidly increasing housing investment demand in China? To address this question, we develop an analytical framework featuring how expected capital gains impact households' housing investment decisions when subject to financial constraints. Housing demand in China takes place not only through households' owning multiple houses, but also through their owning a larger primary living residence if they are constrained from buying multiple houses. We show that households are more likely to own multiple houses when expecting higher capital gains. As expected capital gain increases, the primary housing demand of those households who are constrained from owning multiple houses increases, while those owing multiple housing units invest in extra ones instead of improving primary housing. Our empirical findings, based on 2010 and 2011 household survey data, are consistent with our theoretical predictions. We also find that the marginal effect of expected capital gains is higher for wealthier households. This links the booming housing market to widening income inequality which is a typical growth pain in a developing country like China. As an extension, we apply the analysis to derive implications of the institutional features (such as purchasing restriction policy and the existence of subsidized housing) for China’s housing markets.