Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resource Authentication Management Model Based on CA and DHT in Internet of Things

Research on the Internet of Things (IoT) has been a hot spot in recent years. Resource authentication and management in IoT is a most important and challenging problem and is far to be solved. In this paper, we propose an effective distributed hierarchical IoT resource authentication and management model based on the key technologies of distributed hash table, Chord Ring and public key infrastructure. By using the exceptional advantage of search and Research on the Internet of Things (IoT) has been a hot spot in recent years. Resource authentication and management in IoT is a most important and challenging problem and is far to be solved. In this paper, we propose an effective distributed hierarchical IoT resource authentication and management model based on the key technologies of distributed hash table, Chord Ring and public key infrastructure. By using the exceptional advantage of search and query ability of the above technologies, the proposed model owns enhanced security and improved efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed model can mutually authenticate the IoT end entities each other in more short time compared to other existing approaches. query ability of the above technologies, the proposed model owns enhanced security and improved efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed model can mutually authenticate the IoT end entities each other in more short time compared to other existing approaches.
Costs of dispersal

Dispersal costs can be classified into energetic, time, risk and opportunity costs and may be levied directly or deferred during departure, transfer and settlement. They may equally be incurred during life stages before the actual dispersal event through investments in special morphologies. Because costs will eventually determine the performance of dispersing individuals and the evolution of dispersal, we here provide an extensive review on the different cost types that occur during dispersal in a wide array of organisms, ranging from micro‐organisms to plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. In general, costs of transfer have been more widely documented in actively dispersing organisms, in contrast to a greater focus on costs during departure and settlement in plants and animals with a passive transfer phase. Costs related to the development of specific dispersal attributes appear to be much more prominent than previously accepted. Because costs induce trade‐offs, they give rise to covariation between dispersal and other life‐history traits at different scales of organismal organisation. The consequences of (i) the presence and magnitude of different costs during different phases of the dispersal process, and (ii) their internal organisation through covariation with other life‐history traits, are synthesised with respect to potential consequences for species conservation and the need for development of a new generation of spatial simulation models.
Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate Administration to ASA III-IV Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery

In this study we investigated the effects of preoperative oral carbohydrate administration on postoperative insulin resistance (PIR), gastric fluid volume, preoperative discomfort, and variables of organ dysfunction in ASA physical status III-IV patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery, including those with noninsulin-dependent Type-2 diabetes mellitus. Before surgery, 188 patients were randomized to receive a clear 12.5% carbohydrate drink (CHO), flavored water (placebo), or to fast overnight (control). CHO and placebo were treated in double-blind format and received 800 mL of the corresponding beverage in the evening and 400 mL 2 h before surgery. Patients were monitored from induction of general anesthesia until 24 h postoperatively. Exogenous insulin requirements to control blood glucose levels ≤10.0 mmol/L were used as a marker for PIR. Gastric fluid volume was measured by passive gastric reflux and preoperative discomfort using visual analog scales. Postoperative clinical and surgical data were recorded. Blood glucose levels and insulin requirements did not differ between groups. Patients receiving CHO and placebo were less thirsty compared with controls (P < 0.01 and P = 0.06, respectively). Ingested liquids did not cause increased gastric fluid volume or other adverse events. The CHO group required less intraoperative inotropic support after initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass weaning (P < 0.05). In conclusion, preoperative CHO administration before cardiac surgery does not affect PIR. Clear fluids reduce thirst and may be recommended as a safe procedure in ASA III-IV patients. Further research is indicated to investigate possible cardioprotective effects of preoperative CHO intake.
The Formation and Management of a Software Outsourcing Partnership Process

The focus of this research is on outsourcing partnerships - what is the process involved in the formation and management of a software research and development (R & D) outsourcing partnership. A complete picture of a software outsourcing partnership life cycle cannot be found in the literature. Because of that a synthesis outsourcing partnership life cycle model has been created based on the models found in other studies. Empirical data from a software R & D outsourcing partnership case is analysed based on the synthesis model, and a new, improved model is created. The new model gives a more in-depth insight into the formation and management process of an outsourcing partnership. Even though the model is created and presented mainly from the customer company viewpoint, it has been affected by the partner company viewpoint as well, as the case data was collected from both companies
Nurse-Physician Work Relations and Role Expectations

Physicians and nurses have a unique opportunity to provide quality patient care in a collaborative manner. Congruence of role expectation is key to the success of this team. Many hospitals today aspire to achieve Magnet status. An important aspect of a Magnet hospital is good working relationships between nurses and physicians. In 3 different surveys of nurses, Laschinger et al found that job satisfaction and workplace empowerment were positively related to collaboration with physicians and perceptions of autonomy and control. Although nurses and physicians work together to treat patients, their professional cultures tend to be quite different. In addition to an imbalance in authority, nurses sometimes focus more on the individual patient, whereas physicians focus more on the science of medicine. Although there are important benefits from collaboration, this emphasis is often not sufficiently stressed in medical education. Successful collaboration is dependent on the mindset of the practitioners. Physicians often have expectations suggesting that nurses are an extension of them, whereas nurses want to apply their knowledge directly to patient care. In the mind of physicians, collaboration is sometimes seen as undermining their authoritarian role. Baggs argued that collaboration between physicians and nurses was not yet a reality, emphasizing the divergent points of view inherent in these professions. Obstacles to good working relationships often emerge from incongruent role expectations.
Ontogeny of prolactin-secreting cells during chick embryonic development: effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide.

It was previously reported that prolactin (PRL)-containing cells differentiate by days 15 to 19 of embryonic development and that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) increased plasma PRL concentrations and pituitary PRL protein and mRNA levels in vivo. In the present study, anterior pituitaries derived from day 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 embryos were subjected to reverse hemolytic plaque assays (RHPA) for chicken PRL to determine the ontogeny of lactotrophs. We found that PRL secreting cells were first consistently detected on day 17 of embryonic development, indicating that lactotroph differentiation during normal development occurs by this age. However, extended treatment in the RHPA with VIP exposed lactotrophs as early as day 15, suggesting that a lactotroph precursor population was present earlier. Next, primary cultures of embryonic anterior pituitary cells from day 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 embryos were incubated for 0, 2, or 4 days in serum-free medium or medium supplemented with 10 nM VIP. After the culture periods, cells were subjected to RHPAs for chicken PRL. PRL-secreting cells differentiated spontaneously by 2 days in culture for day 15 and 16 cells and by 4 days in culture for all embryonic ages tested, except day 17. Culturing with VIP for 2 days did not increase PRL-secreting cells at any embryonic age tested, whereas VIP treatment for 4 days increased lactotroph numbers at all ages except day 12. Cells from days 15, 16, and 17 were responsive to VIP in the RHPA after 2 days in untreated cultures, but after 4 days only day 17 cells continued to respond to VIP in the RHPA. Treatment with VIP in culture for 4 days maintained VIP responsiveness in the RHPA for cells derived from embryos as early as day 14. We conclude that lactotroph differentiation during normal chicken development occurs by embryonic day 17. Moreover, our results indicate that responsiveness to VIP is an early event in PRL cell development and that lactotroph differentiation may be stimulated in vitro by VIP as early as embryonic day 13.
MORAL CLEANSING AND MORAL LICENSES: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE

Research on moral cleansing and moral self-licensing has introduced dynamic considerations in the theory of moral behaviour. Past bad actions trigger negative feelings that make people more likely to engage in future moral behaviour to offset them. Symmetrically, past good deeds favour a positive self-perception that creates licensing effects, leading people to engage in behaviour that is less likely to be moral. In short, a deviation from a ‘normal state of being’ is balanced with a subsequent action that compensates the prior behaviour. We model the decision of an individual trying to reach the optimal level of moral self-worth over time and show that under certain conditions the optimal sequence of actions follows a regular pattern which combines good and bad actions. To explore this phenomenon we conduct an economic experiment where subjects play a sequence of giving decisions (dictator games). We find that donations in the previous period affect present decisions and the sign is negative: participants' behaviour in every round is negatively correlated to what they did in the past. Hence donations over time seem to be the result of a regular pattern of self-regulation: moral licensing (being selfish after altruistic) and cleansing (altruistic after selfish).
CASE STUDIES FOR VARIOUS IGCC PARAMETERS USING BLENDED COAL/BIOMASS WITH SUPERCRITICAL STEAM BOTTOM CYCLES

Great efforts have been spent to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve the efficiency of the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC). This study focuses on investigating two approaches to achieve these goals. First, replace the traditional subcritical Rankine steam cycle of the overall plant with a supercritical steam cycle. Second, add different amounts of biomass as feedstock to reduce carbon footprint as well as the SOx and NOx emissions. The goal of this study is to examine the thermal and economic impact of different design implementations for an IGCC plant. The parametric dichotomies investigated were: radiant cooling vs. syngas quenching, dry-fed vs. slurry-fed gasification (particularly in relation to sour-shift and sweet-shift carbon capture systems), oxygen-blown vs. air-blown gasifiers, lowrank coals vs. high-rank coals, and options for using syngas or alternative fuels for the duct burner in the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to raise achieve the desired steam turbine inlet temperature. Employing biomass as a feedstock has the advantage of
GIS&T pedagogies and instructional challenges in higher education: A survey of educators

Anyone involved in teaching the principles and applications of geographic information science and technology (GIS&T) understands the challenges of effective instruction within an environment subject to nearly constant change. Indeed, the dynamic nature of GIS&T introduces both new paradigms and increasingly powerful tools for exploring spatial relationships. However, while past efforts among educators and practitioners have identified knowledge and competencies important to GIS&T learning, less attention has been directed at methods used to teach GIS&T. For example, while some instructors employ traditional approaches such as lectures and structured laboratory exercises, others have shifted to active learning strategies such as “flipped classrooms” and collaborative, project‐oriented assignments. In this article, we assess the pedagogical approaches used to teach GIS&T courses through an Internet‐based survey of 318 college and university faculty. Our findings demonstrate that active learning pedagogies are becoming more firmly established, supplementing or replacing traditional teaching approaches. Contrary to our assumptions, age and teaching experience are not factors that influence the adoption of active learning strategies. Along with assessing instructional approaches, our survey identifies the challenges associated with teaching GIS&T, as identified by survey respondents.
Smallholder Farmers in the Speciality Coffee Industry: Opportunities, Constraints and the Businesses that are Making it Possible

Coffee has traditionally been a commodity product sold in a highly competitive and saturated global market. This lack of product differentiation has made coffee farmers very vulnerable to fluctuating prices. During the last decade, the coffee industry is undergoing a process of decommoditisation, offering an opportunity for farmers to differentiate their coffee in terms of sustainability and quality and to commercialise it more directly. However, smallholder farmers face productivity and transactional constraints that inhibit them from accessing these higher-value market segments. Intermediaries are needed to connect them with this new market. In this article, we present a cross-case study analysis of three ‘connective businesses’ that are facilitating direct trade relationships between smallholder farmers and speciality coffee roasters.
Therapeutic use of tea derivatives: all that glitters is not gold.

To the editor: In 2 interesting articles published in the June 4, 2009 issue of Blood , attention was focused on the possibility for green tea derivatives to inhibit the therapeutic activity of bortezomib, an anticancer agent very effective in multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. [1][1],[2][2
Participants' experiences of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: "It changed me in just about every way possible".

BACKGROUND Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a promising approach to help people who suffer recurrent depression prevent depressive relapse. However, little is known about how MBCT works. Moreover, participants' subjective experiences of MBCT as a relapse prevention treatment remain largely unstudied. AIM This study examines participants' representations of their experience of MBCT and its value as a relapse-prevention program for recurrent depression. METHOD Twenty people who had participated in MBCT classes for recurrent depression within a primary care setting were interviewed 12 months after treatment. The focus of the interview was on participants' reflections on what they found helpful, meaningful and difficult about MBCT as a relapse prevention program. Thematic analysis was used to identify the key patterns and elements in participants' accounts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Four overarching themes were extracted: control, acceptance, relationships and struggle. The theoretical, clinical and research implications are discussed.
Intravenous Colistin Use for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections in Pediatric Patients.

BACKGROUND The emergence of infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) has led to the resurrection of colistin use. The data on colistin use and drug-related adverse effects in children are scarce. AIMS In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of colistin use in critically ill pediatric patients. STUDY DESIGN This study has a retrospective study design. METHODS Sixty-one critically ill children were identified through the department's patient files archive during the period from January 2011 to November 2014. RESULTS Twenty-nine females and thirty-two males with a mean±standard deviation (SD) age of 61±9 months (range 0-216, median 12 months) received IV colistin due to MDR-GNB infections. Bacteremia (n=23, 37.7%) was the leading diagnosis, followed by pneumonia (n=19, 31%), clinical sepsis (n=7, 11.4%), wound infection (n=6, 9.8%), urinary tract infection (n=5, 8.1%) and meningitis (n=1, 1.6%). All of the isolates were resistant to carbapenems; however, all were susceptible to colistin. The isolated microorganisms in decreasing order of frequency were: Acinetobacter baumanni (n=27, 44.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=17, 27.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=6, 9.8%), K. pneumoniae and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=1, 1.6%), K. pneumoniae and A. baumanni (n=1, 1.6%), K. oxytoca (n=1, 1.6%) and Enterobacter cloacae (n=1, 1.6%). In seven patients, no microorganisms were detected; however, five of these patients were colonized by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. The mean duration of colistin therapy was 12 days (range 3-45). Colistin was administered concomitantly with one of the following antibiotics: carbapenem (n=50, %82), ampicillin-sulbactam (n=5, 8%), quinolones (n=5, 8%), rifampicin (n=1, 1.6%). Carbapenem was the most frequently used antibiotic. Nephrotoxicity was observed in only 1 patient, and we did not observe neurotoxicity in this study. All the patients received intravenous colistin (colisthimethate) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg daily by dividing it in three equal doses. Seven (11.4%) patients died during the study period. CONCLUSION Colistin appears to be a safe and efficacious drug for treating MDR-GNB infections in children.
Design Rules For a Nano-Opto-Mechanical Actuator Based on Suspended Slot Waveguides

In this paper, physical modeling including optical and Casimir forces is adopted in order to analyze a nano-opto-mechanical actuator based on silicon-on-insulator suspended slot waveguides. Numerical simulations based on the finite element method and systematic design rules are presented. Moreover, parametric investigations on slot waveguide sizes and optical properties are presented, and their influence on the actuator’s features are discussed.
Quasi-Ab initio molecular dynamic study of Fe melting

We have investigated the melting of hcp Fe at high pressure by employing molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with the full potential linear muffin tin orbital method. Apart from being of fundamental value, the melting of iron at high pressure is also important for our understanding of the Earth. The subject of iron melting at high pressures is controversial. The experimental data for the iron melting temperature can be separated into two regions, "low" and "high. " Here we present an ab initio simulated iron melting curve which is in agreement with the low temperatures at lower pressures, but is in excellent agreement with the high-mostly shockwave-temperatures at high pressures. A comparison with available data lends support to the presented iron melting curve.
Clue helping to distinguish hyalinizing trabecular adenoma from carcinoma of the thyroid in fine‐needle aspirates

Fine‐needle aspirates from four hyalinizing trabecular thyroid adenomas stained with May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa showed a distinctive component of purplish red stromal deposits corresponding to accumulations of basement membrane material occurring in such tumors. Recognition of these deposits helps to prevent cytologic overdiagnosis of malignancy in this rare benign tumor, which has a number of traits in common with both papillary and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trading Costs of Public Investors with Obligatory and Voluntary Market-Making: Evidence from Market Reforms

In 1997, the London Stock Exchange, like NASDAQ, allowed the public to compete directly with dealers in a subset of stocks through the submission of limit orders. However, unlike NASDAQ, for these stocks, London also removed the obligation of dealers to quote firm two-way prices, and became a voluntary dealer network competing with a centralized limit order book. In the context of the important differences between the reforms on London and NASDAQ, this London based study addresses several important questions of academic, regulatory and practitioner interest that could not hitherto be examined through U.S. based studies. First, we investigate how the change from obligatory to voluntary market-making affects the provision of financial intermediation services. In particular, we examine the effect of binding market maker obligations on price-stabilisation, and the effect of binding market maker obligations on the adverse selection losses that market makers make in dealing with informed investors. In this context, we also examine the effect of competition and the contestability of markets in competing and non-competing segments, and analyse how the lack of pre-trade quote-transparency, and the resultant increased search costs, affect trading costs. Second, since a major benefit of the London and NASDAQ reforms was the opportunity afforded to "public" investors to earn the spread by posting limit orders, instead of always paying the spread by demanding liquidity, we analyse how the premium charged by individual or institutional "public" investors for supplying liquidity, and the adverse selection losses they face, are different from those of market intermediaries.
Analysis of Interarea Oscillations Including Governor Effects and Stabilizer Design in South-Eastern Europe

This paper applies a reduced order, extended quasi-steady-state model of long-term dynamics to the analysis of low-frequency interarea oscillations in the South Eastern part of the European system. Emphasis is put on the contribution of hydro and steam-turbine governors on oscillation damping and in particular on the pronounced effect of steam-turbine governor deadband. The incident of prolonged interarea oscillations on May 1, 2005 in South Eastern Europe is analyzed and explained with the developed reduced order model, while additional stabilizers in Hellenic System generators are designed that prove to be effective in damping out the low-frequency interarea oscillations.