Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Case-based reasoning method based on mechanistic model correction for predicting endpoint sulphur content of molten iron in KR desulphurization

In order to improve the control on sulphur content at the endpoint of Kanbara Reactor (KR) desulphurization process, the case-based reasoning (CBR) method based on mechanistic model correction is used to predict the endpoint sulphur content of molten iron. First, the KR desulphurization process is analysed to determine its kinetic mechanistic model, and partial derivatives are obtained for different attributes. Then, according to the analysis ofthe attributes, the corrected model is determined by the method of selecting the attributes, determining the reasonable weights and fitting the calculation results. Finally, the CBR method, the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and the corrected model are used to predict the endpoint sulphur content at KR desulphurization. The experiment results indicate that the prediction accuracy of corrected model is significantly higher than that of BPNN and mechanistic model.
The Uncertainty Stress Scale: Its Development and Psychometric Properties

This paper describes the development and testing of a new scale_The Uncertainty Stress Scale_ which measures uncertainty in illness-related situations, and the stress, threat, and positive feelings generated from the uncertain state. The theoretical and empirical basis of the scale is presented. Evidence which supports the scale's reliability and its content, concurrent, and construct validity is presented from several studies of people experiencing acute and chronic medical conditions. Descriptions and rationales for revisions are described.
De-identified multidimensional medical records for disease population demographics and image processing tools development

Recently, The National Institute of Health (NIH) has outlined its scientific priorities in a strategic plan, “NIH Roadmap for Medical Research”. In direct alignment with these priorities, many academic and research oriented medical institutions across The United States conduct numerous clinical and translational research studies on an ongoing basis. From a personalized health care and translational research perspective, quite often efforts of such nature will span across multiple departments or even institutions. We consider these activities as a knowledge and information flow which is taking place around multidimensional, heterogeneous clinical and research data that is collected from disparate sources. The primary objective of the research and development described in this thesis is to provide an integrative platform where multidimensional data from multiple disparate sources can be easily accessed, visualized, and analyzed. We believe that ability to execute such truly integrative queries, visualizations and analyses across multiple data types is critical to the ability to execute highly effective clinical and translational research. Therefore, to address the preceding gap in knowledge, we introduce a model computational framework that is intended to support the integrative query, visualization and analysis of structured data, narrative text, and image data sets in support of translational research activities. The introduced framework also aims to address the challenges posed by regulatory compliance, patient privacy/confidentiality concerns, and the need to facilitate multicenter research paradigms.
Preparation and characterization of organic nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquids technique and their biological activity

The laser ablation in liquids (LAL) method was used for the synthesis of organic colloidal nanoparticles in deionized water as a liquid medium. The effect of variations of the lens-target distance and laser wavelength on the size, structure, and morphology of the nanoparticles was studied. A target of bulk organic bifenthrin compound (agricultural insecticide) was elaborated for the ablation process. By means of ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) absorption spectroscopy, the characteristic absorbance spectra were analyzed, confirming the presence of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the absorbance was related to the nanoparticles concentration. Structural characterization and size determination were carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The crystalline structure of the nanoparticles was studied by comparing the interplanar distance of the nanoparticles determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) with the interplanar distances of the bulk material observed by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The study of chemical composition was carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The nanoparticles sizes varied between 3 and 20 nm, with a narrow size distribution. According to the results, both the size and structure of the nanoparticles are mainly determined by the incident energy density on the target, whilst wavelength affects morphology. On the other hand, the preliminary biological tests of the nanoparticles carried out with Drosophila melanogaster, showed an enhanced insecticide activity at significant lower concentrations in comparison with doses used with bulk bifenthrin.
Aspects of Nucleation: Fluctuations, Nonuniform Order, and Curved Surfaces

Transitions between various states of matter occur everywhere and are integral in the processes that make life, as we know it, possible. Given such importance in everyday life, it makes sense that considerable time has been spent looking for theories of these transitions. What makes our modern theories of phase transitions so powerful is their predictive ability despite ignoring the essential granularity of matter. Success in this manner has made field theory an indispensable tool. There are ordered states of matter, generally spoken of as having broken symmetries of the Euclidean group: broken translations for crystals and broken rotations for vectorlike order. There are even more exotic states of matter such as smectic liquid crystals and diblock copolymers which manifest states that have fewer broken translations in a given dimension than would be necessary for the formation of crystalline structure. These exotic states are variously called striped or lamellar phases. We start with some general facts and features of transitions to these striped phases and discuss what may happen when these transitions occur on the surface of a sphere. Next we identify pollen cell surface patterning as an instance of this transition from disorder to a patterned state of matter on the surface of a sphere. The character of the transition is found to be first-order, which leads us to study the nucleation process and its kinetics on spherical surfaces. Lastly, we show how fluctuations lower the surface tension of nucleated droplets on a sphere relative to their flat space counterpart. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Physics & Astronomy First Advisor Randall D. Kamien Subject Categories Physics This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/3262 ASPECTS OF NUCLEATION: FLUCTUATIONS, NONUNIFORM ORDER, AND CURVED SURFACES Eric Michael Horsley A DISSERTATION in Physics and Astronomy Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2019 Supervisor of Dissertation Randall D. Kamien, Professor of Physics and Astronomy Graduate Group Chairperson Joshua R. Klein, Professor of Physics and Astronomy Dissertation Committee Maxim O. Lavrentovich, Assistant Professor of Physics and Astronomy Ravi K. Sheth, Professor of Physics and Astronomy Alison M. Sweeney, Associate Professor of Physics and Astronomy Shu Yang, Professor of Materials Science and Engineering ASPECTS OF NUCLEATION: FLUCTUATIONS, NONUNIFORM ORDER, AND CURVED SURFACES
γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode for the sensitive detection of folic acid

In this work, γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) nanoparticles were synthesized by a co-precipitation method using the biopolymer starch. An electrochemical sensor based on γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was fabricated for the accurate determination of folic acid (FA) by voltammetry approaches. The immobilised γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles on GCE exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards highly sensitive and selective determination of FA at physiological pH. Based on the calibration plot of peak current against concentration of target analyte by differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) shows two linear ranges from 0.05 to 1 μM and 1 to 80 μM with detection limit of 2.8 nM and 48 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the developed sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity towards FA determination even in the presence of 100-fold excess of ascorbic acid and other common interferents. Electrochemical performance of the fabricated sensor was successfully validated for the determination of target species in pharmaceutical samples. The developed method offers prospective advantages in drug analysis and clinical diagnostic.
Surface-Acoustic-Wave Induced Ferromagnetic Resonance in Fe Thin Films and Magnetic Field Sensing

Resonant magnetoelastic coupling (MEC) is demonstrated in an Fe thin film epitaxially grown on a piezoelectric GaAs substrate with application of subgigahertz surface acoustic waves (SAWs). The frequency at which resonant MEC is achieved is reduced far below 1 GHz by the application of a small in-plane magnetic field. Moreover, the resonance, observable by attenuation and velocity changes of the SAW, can be switched on and off by a small (0.1 oC) angular rotation of this in-plane field. This angular sensitivity makes SAW-ferromagnet devices attractive for sensing applications, such as wireless, battery-free, and interrogable magnetic-field monitors. Using a simple magnetization dynamics model that takes into account the Fe magnetic anisotropy and the softening of the magnetic precession modes, we are able to describe the observed salient features.
Marriages & Families; Changes, Choices, and Constraints

I. MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY IN PERSPECTIVE. 1. The Changing Family. 2. Studying Marriage and the Family. 3. The Family in Historical Perspective. II. THE INDIVIDUAL AND DEVELOPING RELATIONSHIPS. 4. Gender Roles and Socialization. 5. Love and Loving Relationships. 6. Sexuality and Sexual Expression Throughout Life. III. INDIVIDUAL AND MARITAL COMMITMENTS. 7. Choosing Others: Dating and Mate Selection. 8. Singlehood, Cohabitation, and Other Nonmarital Living Arrangements. 9. Marriage and Communication in Intimate Relationships. IV. PARENTS AND CHILDREN. 10. To Be or Not to Be a Parent: More Choices, More Constraints. 11. Raising Children: Contemporary Prospects and Pitfalls. 12. Racial and Ethnic Families: Strengths and Stresses. V. CONFLICTS AND CRISES. 13. Families and Work: Facing the Economic Squeeze. 14. Family Violence and Other Crisis-Related Issues in Family Life. 15. Separation and Divorce. VI. CHANGES AND TRANSITIONS. 16. Remarriage and Stepfamilies: Life After Divorce. 17. Aging and Family Life: Grandparents, the Widowed, and Caregivers. 18. The Family in the Twenty-First Century. APPENDICES. Appendix A: Sexual Anatomy. Appendix B: Sexual Problems, Dysfunctions, and Treatment. Appendix C: Conception, Pregnancy, and Childbirth. Appendix D: Birth Control and Disease-Prevention Techniques. Appendix E: HIV/AIDS and Other Sexually-Transmitted Diseases. Appendix F: Premarital and Nonmarital Agreements. Glossary. Index.
Infant-Feeding Practices among Urban Libya Women

Infant feeding practices were examined for 212 multiparous urban Libyan women attending an outpatient gynecology department in a hospital in Tripoli. The women were about equally divided among illiterates those with a primary school education and those with a post-6th grade education. The mean age of the illiterate women was 32.2 years and that of the postprimary group was 26.5 years. 38% of the postprimary group were employed. 95.6% of the infants were breast fed -- 46.6% for 5 months and 25.1% for 6-12 months. The mean weaning age was 8.8 months. 18.6% of the women practiced breast feeding exclusively; 4.4% of mothers practiced bottle feeding exclusively; and 77% practiced mixed feeding (bottle with breast or bottle after breast). The major reasons given for initiating bottle feeding were lack of milk or the infants refusal to suck although fear of undernourishment desire to fatten the child the hospital practice of separating mother and child and psychological factors were also operative. At 3 months of age 46.4% of the infants were exclusively breast fed 27% were exclusively bottle fed and 26.5% were breast fed with supplements most prominently cereal. Illiterate mothers breast fed the longest (12.6 months) as opposed to 5.7 months for those with postprimary education but more of the latter (39%) supplemented with vegetables. By 3 months 72.2% of the infants were getting food supplements. The infants of ignorant mothers who bottle fed were at high risk for gastroenteritis and marasmus.
USE OF WASTE POLYETHYLENE AS A BITUMEN MODIFIER IN ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES

The main objective of this research is to study the possibility of using plastic wastes containing medium density polyethylene (MDPE) as polymer additives to asphalt concrete. It was investigated that the influence of MDPE -modified binder obtained by various mixing time, mixing temperature and MDPE content on the Marshall Stability, flow and Marshall Quotient (Stability to flow ratio). The binders used in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) were prepared by mixing the MDPE in 4 and 6% (by the weight of optimum bitumen content) and AC-60/70 at temperatures of 155 and 165 C for 5 min and 10 min of mixing time. MDPE-modified asphalt concrete results in a significant increase in the Marshall Stability value and a Marshall Quotient value. The 4 % MDPE, 165C of mixing temperature and 10 min of mixing time were determined as optimum conditions for Marshall Stability, flow and Marshall Quotient (MQ). MQ increased by 30% compared to control mix. It can be said that waste MDPE-modified bituminous binders provide better resistance against permanent deformations due to their high stability and high Marshall Quotient and it contributes to recirculation of plastic wastes as well as to safety of the environment. * Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt. ** Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt. *** Prof., Dept. of Public Works, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. **** Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt. Proceedings of the 9 ICCAE-9 Conference, 29-31 May, 2012 TE 8
Enhanced Raman signatures on copper based-materials

Cette these s’interesse a l’exaltation du signal Raman sur des nanomateriaux cuivres. Des couches minces d’epaisseur de cuivre variable ont ete preparees et etudiees avant et apres oxydation dans l’air a des temperatures inferieures a 200°C. Leur microstructure a ete caracterisee par microscopies MEB et AFM. L’epaisseur des couches de cuivre et d’oxyde cuivreux a ete mesuree localement par ces techniques, et comparee aux resultats d’etudes spectroscopiques par ellipsometrie et absorption UV-visible. Une modelisation des spectres d’absorption UV-visible, basee sur des calculs d’interferences a partir des equations de Fresnel, permet de determiner a la fois les epaisseurs des couches et leurs indices de refraction. L’etude Raman de ces echantillons permet de discuter et de quantifier le phenomene d’exaltation Raman par interferences (IERS). D’autres echantillons nanostructures a base de cuivre, recouverts de graphene monofeuillet, ont ete etudies. Les variations d’intensite Raman du graphene sont discutees en termes d’IERS. La derniere partie du manuscrit est consacree a l’etude du signal SERS de molecules deposees sur des substrats commerciaux nanostructures d’or, et a leur evolution apres avoir recouvert ces substrats d’une couche mince de cuivre.
Development and validation of a diagnostic tool for occupational asthma based on serial lung function measurements.

Serial peak expiratory flow measurements (PEF) are recommended as an initial investigation in the confirmation of occupational asthma. Plotting measurements in Oasys gives reproducible results and can be used by non-experts. I report a new analysis, the area between curves (ABC) score, which gives 72% sensitivity and 100% specificity using a cut off of 15 L/min/h. Two-hourly measurements of PEF require 8 work days and 3 rest days for sensitive and specific analysis. Serial PEF records with long periods off work (≥ 4 consecutive days) show improved sensitivity from 73% to 80%, implying that 7 more workers in every 100 would be diagnosed. In a comparison of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to PEF, PEF was more sensitive to diurnal changes than FEV1, although FEV1 was more reproducible. Exhaled breath nitric oxide (FENO) showed similar ABC scores between those with normal and raised FENO. FENO was significantly correlated to methacholine reactivity. In shift workers, mean ABC scores were increased on morning shifts compared to nights, but the cut off of 15 L/min/h would be applicable across all shift types. The ABC score is a new robust method of confirming occupational asthma requiring shorter records than the Oasys score.
Corrigendum: Optimising the visibility of graphene and graphene oxide on gold with multilayer heterostructures (2018 Nanotechnology 29 275205)

Metals have been increasingly used as substrates in devices based on two-dimensional ( 2D ) materials. However, the high re ﬂ ectivity of bulk metals results in low optical contrast ( < 3% ) and therefore poor visibility of transparent mono- and few-layer 2D materials on these surfaces. Here we demonstrate that by engineering the complex re ﬂ ectivity of a purpose-designed multilayer heterostructure composed of thin Au ﬁ lms ( 2 – 8 nm ) on SiO 2 / Si substrate, the optical contrast of graphene and graphene oxide ( GO ) can be signi ﬁ cantly enhanced in comparison to bulk Au, up to about 3 and 5 times, respectively. In particular, we achieved ∼ 17% optical contrast for monolayer GO, which is even 2 times higher than that on bare SiO 2 / Si substrate. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical simulations. This concept is demonstrated for Au, but the methodology is applicable to other metals and can be adopted to design a variety of high-contrast metallic substrates. This will facilitate research and applications of 2D materials in areas such as plasmonics, photonics, catalysis and sensors. Supplementary material for this article is available online
Design and setup of a low calorific SOFC off-gas combustion chamber for a pressurized MGT hybrid power plant test rig

A demonstrator system for a hybrid power plant is currently being built at DLR, designed for an electrical power output level of 30 kW. Since the very low energy dense exhaust gas of the fuel cell anode side represents the fuel for the combustion chamber in this application, a low calorific SOFC off-gas combustor was developed at DLR specifically for this use case. With thorough investigations on the atmospheric test rig, the expected operational range of the combustor was quantified in preceding works. Now, a novel machine design, including dilution air with an adjustable air split configuration is derived to validate the gathered information on the micro gas turbine test rig under pressurized machine conditions. This work explains the design of the combustion system and addresses the different design features specifically implemented for this use case. Since simplifications had to be made for the atmospheric combustor prototype, a significant positive influence on the operational envelope is expected with the transition to the machine configuration.
ENGINEERING VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR OF CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES WITH NANOPARTICLES FOR CONTROLLING DEPLOYMENT OF AEROSPACE STRUCTURES

The United States Air Force is focused on reducing mass and power consumption of spacecraft to increase their capabilities for space missions. Low mass and power consumption can be achieved by using composites with low density and high stiffness and utilizing few satellite components. One way to achieve reduced mass is by eliminating attendant deployment mechanisms consuming valuable power and mass allocations on spacecraft with deployable structures. Secondary systems are typically used to assist deployable space structures to ensure 100% success. A passively deployed space structure would be of great value to the Department of Defense and the commercial marketplace. Attaining a passively deployed space structure that is reliable, predictable and controllable to tailored design applications would serve this objective. The research presented herein was experimentally focused and involved incorporation of alumina nanoparticles (ANPs) dispersed into a three-ply composite
Engineering egress data considering pedestrians with reduced mobility

To quantify the evacuation process, evacuation practitioners use engineering egress data describing the occupant movement characteristics. These data are typically based to young and fit populations. However, the movement abilities of occupants who might be involved in evacuations are becoming more variable—with the building populations of today typically including increasing numbers of individuals: with impairments or who are otherwise elderly or generally less mobile. Thus, there will be an increasing proportion of building occupants with reduced ability to egress. For safe evacuation, there is therefore a need to provide valid engineering egress data considering pedestrians with disabilities. Gwynne and Boyce recently compiled a series of data sets related to the evacuation process to support practitioner activities in the chapter Engineering Data in the SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. This paper supplements these data sets by providing information on and presenting data obtained from additional research related to the premovement and horizontal movement of participants with physical‐, cognitive‐, or age‐related disabilities. The aim is to provide an overview of currently available data sets related to, and key factors affecting the egress performance of, mixed ability populations which could be used to guide fire safety engineering decisions in the context of building design.