Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classifying sensory profiles of children in the general population

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to subtype groups of children in a community sample with and without developmental conditions, based on sensory processing patterns. METHODS We used latent profile analysis to determine the number of sensory subtypes in a sample of n = 1132 children aged 3-14 years with typical development and developmental conditions, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities. RESULTS A five-subtype solution was found to best characterize the sample, which differed on overall degree and differential presentation of sensory processing patterns. Children with and without developmental conditions presented across subtypes, and one subtype was significantly younger in age than others (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that sensory subtypes include both children with typical development and those with developmental conditions. Sensory subtypes have previously been investigated in ASD only, and our results suggest that similar sensory subtypes are present in a sample reflective of the general population of children including those largely with typical development. Elevated scores on sensory processing patterns are not unique to ASD but rather are reflections of children's abilities to respond to environmental demands.
DFB Lasers With Deeply Etched Vertical Grating Based on InAs–InP Quantum-Dash Structures

Distributed feedback lasers with first-order vertical grating based on AlInGaAs-InAs-InP quantum-dash lasers were fabricated by electron beam lithography and Cl2-Ar reactive ion etching with an electron cyclotron resonance source. Low threshold currents and single-mode operation with sidemode suppression ratios of 48 dB and a direct modulation bandwidth of 5.5 GHz were demonstrated
Visible Implant Elastomer tagging influences social preferences of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Identification of individuals is a prerequisite in many behavioural studies. Visible Implant Elastomer (VIE) colour tags are a well-established way to mark animals. VIE tagging does not seem to affect individual growth or survival. However, studies verifying their neutrality during social interactions are less common. Here, individual male and female zebrafish Danio reriowere simultaneously given the choice between two shoals, each consisting of six fish. Members of one shoal were uniformly marked with one VIE tag of a given colour, whereas the other shoal was sham-tagged. In total, 10 different colours were used. Test fish spent significantly more time near the tagged shoal (56%) than near the sham-tagged shoal (44%). Tag colour did not significantly influence the preferences. The results highlight the importance of confirming the neutrality of colour tags before using them in behavioural studies. Especially, our study advises caution when using marked and unmarked fish simultaneously.
Is outdoor air pollution associated with physician visits for allergic rhinitis among the elderly in Toronto, Canada?

Background: While a number of studies suggest that air pollution is associated with allergic rhinitis in children, findings among adults have been equivocal. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between outdoor air pollution and physician visits for allergic rhinitis among individuals ≥65 years of age in Toronto, Canada.
Post-operative complications following dental extractions at the School of Dentistry, University of Otago.

OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency and correlates associations of post-extraction complications at a dental school. DESIGN Retrospective review of patient records. SETTING Exodontia clinic at the School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Provider characteristics, patient demographic characteristics, patient medical history, teeth extracted and occurrence of postoperative complications. RESULTS Of the 598 extractions (540 routine and 58 surgical) which were undertaken in the audit period, 74 (12.4%) resulted in post-operative complications. Dry socket and post-operative pain were the major complications. A higher complication rate was found among patients treated by fourth-year undergraduate students than among those treated by more senior students or staff. Post-operative complications were not significantly associated with patients' ethnicity or medical history. CONCLUSION The rate of postoperative complications at the Univeristy of Otago's Faculty of Dentistry is consistent with reports in existing literature and inversely associated with operators' experience.
A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approach to study "glucosinoloma" in broccoli sprouts.

Glucosinolates are an important class of secondary plant metabolites, possessing health-promoting properties. Young broccoli plants are a very good source of glucosinolates with concentrations several times greater than in mature plants. The aim of our study was to develop a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry qualitative and quantitative method for the measure of glucosinolates in broccoli sprouts. The described method provides high sensitivity and specificity, allowing a rapid and simultaneous determination of 14 glucosinolates. The proposed method has been validated for eight glucosinolates: glucobrassicin, glucoraphanin, glucoiberin, glucoerucin, progoitrin, gluconapin, sinigrin and glucocheirolin. The linear range was 1-150 µg ml(-1), the intra-day and inter-day precision values are within 6% and 8% at the lower limit of quantification, while the overall recovery of the eight glucosinolates was 99 ± 9%. This validated method was used successfully for analysis of glucosinolates content of broccoli sprouts grown in different conditions.
Proxy-Based Sliding Mode Stabilization of a Two-Axis Gimbaled Platform

Nowadays, high portion of tactical missiles use gimbaled seekers. For accurate target tracking, the platform where the gimbal is mounted must be stabilized with respect to the motion of the missile body. Line of sight stabilization is critical for fast and precise tracking and alignment. Although conventional PID framework solves many stabilization problems, it is reported that many PID feedback loops are poorly tuned. In this paper, a recently introduced approach, proxy-based sliding mode control to a line-of-sight stabilization of two-axis gimbal system, is implemented. The tracking performance and disturbance rejection capability of the proxy- based sliding mode control is compared with that of conventional PID control. Simulation and experimental results both indicate clear superiority of the proxy-based sliding control performance.
Energy Harvesting-Aware Distributed Queuing Access for Wireless Machine-to-Machine Networks

The Energy Harvesting-aware Distributed Queuing access protocol (EH-DQ) is presented in this paper as a novel Medium Access Control protocol for wireless Machine-to-Machine networks with energy harvesting capabilities. EH-DQ is theoretically modeled to analyze its performance. A performance comparison with a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and an EH-aware Reservation Dynamic Frame Slotted-ALOHA (EH-RDFSA) shows its superior performance. While TDMA requires updated network information to maintain a collision-free schedule and EH-RDFSA requires to estimate the number of contenders per frame to dynamically adjust the frame length, EH-DQ uses short and fixed frame lengths and does not require knowledge of the network topology or the number of end-devices in advance.
Weak Convergence in the Prokhorov Metric of Methods for Stochastic Differential Equations

We consider the weak convergence of numerical methods for st ochastic differential equations (SDEs). Weak convergence is usually expressed in terms of the convergenc e of expected values of test functions of the trajectories. Here we present an alternative formulation of weak converge nce in terms of the well-known Prokhorov metric on spaces of random variables. For a general class of methods, w e establish bounds on the rates of convergence in terms of the Prokhorov metric. In doing so, we revisit the ori ginal proofs of weak convergence and show explicitly how the bounds on the error depend on the smoothness of the tes functions. As an application of our result, we use the Strassen–Dudley theorem to show that the numerical appr oximation and the true solution to the system of SDEs can be re-embedded in a probability space in such a way that th e method converges there in a strong sense. One corollary of this last result is that the method converges in the Wasserstein distance, another metric on spaces of random variables. Another corollary establishes rates of c onvergence for expected values of test functions assuming only local Lipschitz continuity. We conclude with a review o f the existing results for pathwise convergence of weakly converging methods and the corresponding strong res ults available under re-embedding.
Intolerance to Intragastric Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients: Complications and Management

Compared with parenteral nutrition, early administration of enteral nutrition (EN) to critically ill patients improves clinical outcomes and reduces infection rates. Intragastric EN often is complicated by intolerance, as indicated by elevated volumes of aspirated gastric residuals. Conflicting data are available for the volume of residual that represents intolerance, but most clinicians use 150–200 ml to signify gastrointestinal motility dysfunction. Intolerance is associated with mortality. Data support an association between intragastric EN and aspiration pneumonia, but little information is available regarding the contributory effect of intolerance. Transpyloric migration of the feeding tube may facilitate tolerance but does not reduce the likelihood of aspiration pneumonia. Prokinetic agents (cisapride, erythromycin, metoclopramide) promote gastric emptying. Results of most studies are limited because patients did not receive or tolerated intragastric EN. Metoclopramide is the agent of choice for treating intolerance. Further studies are necessary before prokinetic drugs can be recommended for preventing intragastric EN‐associated aspiration pneumonia.
Effect of carbaryl on some biochemical constituents of the blood and liver of Clarias batrachus, a fresh-water teleost.

Carbaryl, a carbamate pesticide, (LC50 15.08 mg/l for 96 hr, i.e. lethal concentration with 50% mortality) induced perturbations in the levels of certain biochemical components including the activities of some enzymes in the blood and liver of the fresh-water catfish, Clarias batrachus exposed to sublethal concentrations (1, 2 and 4 mg/l) of the pesticide for 96 hr and 15 days. The pesticide caused a decrease in the levels of total protein and glucose with a concomitant increase in the levels of inorganic phosphate and lactic acid in fish serum. However, very little change was recorded in the serum cholesterol level. The treatment of the fish with carbaryl led to a marked increase in the activities of transaminases (GOT and GPT), phosphatases (acid and alkaline) and lactate dehydrogenase in the fish serum, the magnitude of the effect being dependent on the pesticide concentration and duration of exposure. The increase in lactic acid concentration with subsequent decrease in glucose concentration indicates an enhanced rate of glycolysis due to pesticide stress. Furthermore, the significant decrease in the activity of fish liver succinate dehydrogenase suggests that anaerobic metabolism was favored over aerobic oxidation of glucose through Kreb's cycle in order to mitigate the energy crisis for survival. The rise in the activities of transaminases and acid phosphatase due to pesticide intoxication suggest enhanced protein catabolism and probable hepatocellular damage in the organism.
Responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to moderate exercise and hypoxia

The purpose of this study was to analyze the physiological features of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from healthy female trekkers before and after physical activity carried out under both normoxia (low altitude, < 2000 m a.s.l.) and hypobaric hypoxia (high altitude, > 3700 m a.s.l.). The experimental design was to differentiate effects induced by exercise and those related to external environmental conditions. PBMCs were isolated from seven female subjects before and after each training period. The PBMCs were phenotypically and functionally characterized using fluorimetric and densitometric analyses, to determine cellular activation, and their intracellular Ca2+ levels and oxidative status. After a period of normoxic physical exercise, the PBMCs showed an increase in fully activated T lymphocytes (CD3+CD69+) and a reduction in intracellular Ca2+ levels. On the other hand, with physical exercise performed under hypobaric hypoxia, there was a reduction in T lymphocytes and an increase in nonactivated B lymphocytes, accompanied by a reduction in O2− levels in the mitochondria. These outcomes reveal that in women, low‐ to moderate‐intensity aerobic trekking induces CD69 T cell activation and promotes anti‐stress effects on the high‐altitude‐induced impairment of the immune responses and the oxidative balance.
KNOTS WHICH ARE NOT CONCORDANT TO THEIR REVERSES

IF K is an oriented knot in S, the reverse of K, K*, is the knot K with its orientation reversed. (This has traditionally been called the inverse of K. We call it the reverse to distinguish it from the inverse to K in the knot concordance group, denoted by -K and represented by the mirror image of K with orientation reversed.) Fox [3] asked for an example of a knot which is not isotopic to its reverse. Trotter provided the first examples in [8]. In this paper we will give examples of knots which are not concordant to their reverses. Finding such an example is difficult on two accounts. A knot and its reverse have equivalent images in the algebraic concordance group defined by Levine [6]. This follows from the fact that if V is a Seifert matrix for K, then V is a Seifert matrix for K*. In [7] Levine defined a complete set of invariants for the algebraic concordance group, none of which are changed by taking the transpose of an element. A second difficulty is that the branched covers of S branched along K and K* are identical. Hence a direct application of the techniques of Casson and Gordon [1, 2] will not work. Our approach is to use the refinement of the Casson-Gordon technique which was developed by Gilmer [4]. Throughout this work we will use the results and notation of [4]. Thanks are due to Pat Gilmer for many informative and helpful conversations, and to Cameron Gordon for pointing out this problem.
Marking resection margins in surgical biopsy specimens.

not particularly satisfactory due to the prolonged period of drying required and the tendency for the ink to spread. We have overcome this problem by applying Bouin's solution to the specimen immediately after painting on the ink, either by immersion or using a syringe. The ink seems to become instantaneously "fixed" to the specimen, and the cutting up of the specimen can proceed without delay. The ink remains firmly adherent to formalin fixed or fresh tissue throughout processing and is clearly seen in histological sections (figure). The ink also firmly adheres to any tissue retained in formalin for further examination. AD BULL RD START JHF SMITH Department of Histopathology, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield S5 7A U
Parents, Television and Cultural Change

This paper develops a model of cultural transmission where television plays a central role for socialization. Parents split their free time between educating their children which is costly and watching TV which though entertaining might socialize the children to the wrong trait. The free to air television industry maximizes advertisement revenue. We show that TV watching is increasing in cultural coverage, cost of education, TV's entertainment value and decreasing in the perceived cultural distance between the two traits. A monopolistic television industry captures all TV watching by both groups if the perceived cultural distance between groups is small relative to the TV's entertainment value. Otherwise, more coverage will be given to the most profitable group where profitability increases in group size, advertisement sensitivity and perceived cultural distance. This leads to two possible steady states where one group is larger but both groups survive in the long run. Competition in the media industry might lead to cultural extinction but only if one group is very insensitive to advertisement and not radical enough not to watch TV. We briefly discuss the existing evidence for the empirical predictions of the model.
Good IPOs draw in bad

We posit that screening IPOs requires specialized labor which, in the short run, is in fixed supply. Hence, a sudden increase in demand for IPO financing increases the compensation of IPO screening labor. Increased compensation results in reduced screening which encourages sub-marginal firms to enter the IPO market, further increasing the demand for screening labor and thus its compensation. The model’s conclusions are consistent with empirical findings of increased underpricing during hot markets, positive correlation between issue volume and underpricing, negative correlation between issue volume and information production, and with tipping points between hot and cold markets characterized by discontinuous jumps in volume, underpricing, and issue quality. Finally, the model makes sharp and so far untested predictions relating IPO market conditions both to the fundamental values of IPO firms and to the returns to investment banks and investment banking labor. JEL Classification Codes : G20, G24;
Unique Histologic Variants of Cutaneous Kaposi Sarcoma

Background:Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade angioproliferative neoplasm derived from lymphatic endothelium. Lesions progress from early patch stage into plaques that ultimately form tumor nodules. Several histological variants of KS have been described. The aim of this study is to describe 5 new histopathologic variants of cutaneous KS. Method:Skin biopsy material submitted to a South African dermatopathology practice diagnostic of KS was reviewed. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue was routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Confirmatory immunohistochemical stains included CD31 and latent nuclear antigen-1 (human herpesvirus 8). Results:All biopsies were procured from HIV-positive patients with a clinical diagnosis of cutaneous KS tumor. Five distinct histologic KS variants, not previously well characterized in the literature, were identified including glomeruloid KS, telangiectatic KS, ecchymotic KS, KS with myoid nodules, and pigmented KS. Tumor cells in all of these variants were immunoreactive for CD31 and latent nuclear antigen-1. Conclusions:These unique cases highlight the ability of KS to exhibit variable histomorphology. Their clinical significance requires further study. Dermatopathologists should be aware of these newly described variants to avoid the potential for their misdiagnosis.
The use of respiration indices in the composting process: a review

Respiration is directly related to the metabolic activity of a microbial population. Micro-organisms respire at higher rates in the presence of large amounts of bioavailable organic matter while respiration rate is slower if this type of material is scarce. In the composting process respiration activity has become an important parameter for the determination of the stability of compost. It is also used for the monitoring of the composting process and it is considered an important factor for the estimation of the maturity of the material. A wide range of respirometric protocols has been reported based either on CO2 production, O2 uptake or release of heat. The most common methods are those based on O2 uptake. Respirometric assays are affected by a number of parameters including temperature, humidity, and both incubation and pre-incubation conditions. Results from respirometries are generally expressed as ‘respiration indices’, most of them with their own units and basis. In consequence, some confusion exists when referring and comparing respiration indices. This is particularly important because current and future legislations define and measure the biological stability of waste on the basis of respiration activity of the material. This paper discusses and compares most common respiration indices currently used.
Enhancement of embryogenesis and plant regeneration from barley anther culture by low doses of gamma irradiation

SummaryThe effects of 0,5 and 10 Gy doses of gamma irradiation on the enhancement of embryogenesis and plant regeneration efficiency of three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes, Igri, Arabi Abiad and AECS 76, were evaluated. Embryo yields at 5 and 10 Gy doses were significantly higher than those of the control (OGy). This effect was genotype-dependent. The most responsive genotype was Igri, with 592.8 embryos 32 anthers exposed to 10 Gy. However, despite a high embryo induction rate, the green plant regeneration rate was low. Arbi Abiad had a higher ability to generate green plants produced from, with 28. 13 plantlets obtained from 32 anthers at 10 Gy; irradiation had no significant effect on regeneration of Igri and AECS 76 genotypes. In general, the 10 Gy dose produced a much higher embryo yield than the 5 Gy dose. The root-tip chromosome number and the fertility of 298 regenerating green plants of cv. Igri revealed that 64% of the tested plants were spontaneously doubled haploids (DHs) and fertile.
Four weeks of training with different aerobic workload distributions – Effect on aerobic performance

Abstract Although numerous authors have studied the effect of different training procedures on athlete's resistance performance, there are no studies on how the improvement of aerobic resistance is affected by the distribution of training loads. This research sets out to analyse the effectiveness on aerobic activity of distributions with a constant load (CON) and with increments in intensity (INC) over a 4-week period. A total of 30 athletes took part in the analysis (38.7±9.8 years; 174.7±6.5 cm; 72.0±9.8 kg). They were divided into 3 groups of 10 each. One group followed a training plan with a CON distribution and another with an INC distribution. Both groups performed at the same volume and intensity, the only difference between them being the distribution of load over the 4 weeks. The third group trained with a free load distribution during this time. Improvement in V˙O2max and ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) was analysed before and after the 4-week training period. There was no modification of the V˙O2max in any of the training programmes. The FRE and INC groups showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in their V˙O2 in VT1, and in the CON group there was a significant reduction (p<0.05) in heart rate in VT2. These results show how training periodisation produces different improvement on performance and demonstrate the effectiveness of periodisated programmes, because periodisated programmes obtain equal or higher adaptations with lower training volumes than non-periodisated programmes.