Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of aging on the healing of colonic anastomoses in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the healing of the colonic anastomoses in old and young adult rats. METHODS: Fifty six Wistar rats were allocated in two groups, the young animals aged on average 110 days and the old animals aged average 762 days. Under anesthesia, the rats underwent a midline laparotomy and the colon was sectioned 2 cm above the peritoneal deflection. An end-to-end interrupted one layer colonic anastomosis was performed and the animals sacrificed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st postoperative days. A 4 cm segment of colon containing the anastomosis was submitted to bursting pressure tests. The paraffin-embedded tissue blocs were sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Sirius Red. Histochemical methods such as PCNA, LCA and CD34 were also used. RESULTS: The colonic anastomosis resistance was greater in the old rats group on the 3rd postoperative day (p=0,0000). Collagen concentration was higher in the anastomosis of the young animals on the 14th and 21st postoperative days (p=0,0475, p=0,0346 respectively), with a significantly greater concentration of collagen type I. The concentration of collagen type III, the epithelial lining rate and the angiogenesis were similar in the study groups. CONCLUSION: Despite some differences between the two groups regarding the healing process and considering that failures in the colonic anastomosis wound healing could not be demonstrated, we can concluded that aging itself does not interfere in the wound healing process.
Motivational Orientation in a Problem-Based Learning Environment

○abstract 典型的な授業活動中の姿勢と比較して,PBL 中の,生徒の動機付けのある姿勢(内在的/外在 的)を調査するための手法デザインをミックスしたものを研究に用いた. 実験参加者は,6 年生理科のためにデザインされたコンピュータベースの PBL 問題である Alien Rescue 課題を使った一般的な生徒だった. 量的なデータの分析により,生徒たちは,普通の授業活動の間よりも,PBL の間のほうがより本 来の動機付けのある振る舞いをしめした. 質的なデータは,PBL により生まれた,共同や生徒の授業活動のコントロールのためのよりすば らしい機会は,部分的に,生徒の動機付けを高める原因となるかもしれないと示唆した. 学習者のためのアプローチの新奇性だけでなく,media-rich で,ソフトウェアプログラムによって 提供されたゲームのような環境,外来的な動機付け要因の欠如もまた内在的な(動機付けのあ る)姿勢を促していたのかもしれない. PBL プログラムのデザインのための発見が意味することを議論される.
Efficient Solution of Large Sparse Eigenvalue Problems in Microelectronic Simulation

We present a new Chebyshev{Arnoldi algorithm for nding the lowest energy eigen-functions of an elliptic operator. The algorithm, which is essentially the same for symmetric , nonsymmetric, and complex nonhermitian matrices, is adapted to a speciic problem by two subroutines which encapsulate the problem{speciic deenition of energy, plus the discretization and matrix{vector multiply routines. We adapt the algorithm to two important problems, the self{consistent Schrr odinger{Poisson model of quantum{eeect devices, and the vector Helmholtz equation for a dielectric waveguide, addressing other important physical, numerical and computational issues as they arise. An asymptotic convergence estimate is derived which shows the Chebyshev{Arnoldi algorithm to be superior to Chebyshev{preconditioned subspace iteration. We also examine Newton methods for general large sparse eigenvalue problems satisfying the overdamping condition and show how to use sparse iterative solvers more eeectively in them. Table Page I Occupancy levels of the rst four wavefunctions for applied potentials V 1 = V 2 = 0:2V , with the exchange{correlation potential V xc (n QW) Closeup of the conduction band potential energy V , the quantum electron density n QW , and the rst two wavefunctions for applied potentials V 1 = V 2 = 0:2V , with the exchange{correlation potential V xc (n QW) Closeup of the conduction band potential energy V , the quantum electron density n QW , and the rst two wavefunctions for applied potentials V 1 = 0:7V and V 2 = 0:2V , with the exchange{correlation potential V xc
Demographics and Pattern of Ocular Trauma during a Period of Civil Unrest.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to provide information on the clinical and the demographic data of patients admitted in the Ophthalmology unit of Government Medical College, Srinagar (Kashmir), India during a 5 month period, and to identify the cause and pattern of such injury. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of all the patients who incurred ocular trauma and were admitted in the eye ward of Government Medical College, Srinagar between May and September 2010. The eye department serves as a major referral centre. 98 patients (105 eyes) who received different types of eye injuries were assessed and admitted in the hospital and managed accordingly. All patients were interviewed and underwent a detailed ocular examination. Injuries were classified according to BETT (The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology) and System for classifying ocular Injuries. Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) was calculated. Results: 98 patients (105 eyes) were admitted after sustaining ocular trauma. Most of the patients (60%) were of age between 21-30 years. 89.79% of cases were males. Maximum number of patients (77.55%) reported in the hospital within 12 hours of injury. The place of injury was on streets in 76.53% of cases. The main cause of injury was due to stone pelting (28.57%) while pelting stones against the combat forces, followed by gunshot pellets (15.30%). The occupational and domestic injuries accounted for 23.46% of the total injuries. Closed globe injuries were more frequently seen (60.20%). Most of the open-globe injuries were due to pellets and stones of Type B and C, Grade D, Zone I and II with Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) in 21.73% of the cases. Closed-globe injuries were mostly of Type A, Grade A and D, and Zone I and II with RAPD in just 8.47% of patients. Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) of 3 was seen in considerable number of patients (56.19%). Conclusion: Taking into consideration the violent protests and demonstrations across the valley of Kashmir (India) during few months of the study, the turmoil related injuries outnumbered occupational, sports, assault and domestic injuries. Since most of the turmoil associated injuries were visually significant, it becomes mandatory to educate the community and inform about the importance of preventive measures during violent activities. Ban on use of firearms by the police in controlling the protests and other safe alternatives to quell protestors should be encouraged.
Histomorphological spectrum of breast diseases

All breast lumps are considered to be carcinomas until proved otherwise and are a cause of concern both for the patient and surgeon. The study was undertaken to know the histological spectrum of breast disease at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS). BPKIHS is a recently started Medical University in the eastern region of Nepal. No data regarding breast diseases in this region is available as yet. 152 breast tissues sent for histopathology from Jan. 96 - Dec. 98 were studied. Peak incidence of benign lesion was in 21 to 30 years and malignant lesions in 31 to 50 years. No breast lesions were seen in the first decade of life. Cancer was seen in 18.42% of cases. Fibroadenoma & Fibrocystic disease were the commonest benign & infiltrating duct carcinoma the commonest malignant lesion. Specimens from 10 male breasts were received. Gynaecomastia was the commonest lesion in the males. Infiltrating duct carcinoma was seen in a 70 years male. Some uncommon breast lesions like Syringocystadenoma & cysticercosis were also seen. In 3.28% of cases no lesions were seen.
Attitude of Nursing Students of Kolkata Towards Caring for HIV/AIDS Patients

The objective was to study the attitude of the nursing students towards caring for HIV/AIDS patients and their knowledge and perceptions about the disease. Study design: Exploratory study. Setting: College of Nursing University of Calcutta. Participants: A group of 72 nursing students studying in second and third year of Nursing course. Findings revealed a very positive outlook of the nursing students in regard to caring for HIV/AIDS patients. Although an overwhelming number of them (70/72) expressed their willingness to accept any job offer concerning caring for HIV/AIDs patients 34.3% (24/70) apprehended resistance from their family members in this regard. However they also viewed that it would be possible for them to overcome the resistance. Although 100% of the students have heard of HIV/AIDS a good number of them had some misconceptions with regard to various aspects of the disease. On probing it was found that during the course the nursing students had the opportunity to attend only two or three lecture sessions on the said issue which is inadequate to have complete and correct knowledge about the disease. It is suggested that another study with larger sample covering different categories of health workers should be carried out for understanding the knowledge and attitude of the health workers about the issue which would help in designing need-based training programme for them. Besides disseminating adequate information among nursing students about STDS in general and HIV/AIDS in particular special effort should be made to develop their counselling skills. (authors)
Kimyadaki Bazı Yaygın Yanlış Kavramalar

Determining students\' misconceptions in chemistry is important for an effective teaching and learning chemistry. In addition, this helps curriculum developers and teachers who guide students to induce meaningful learning. The starting point of the research relating to conceptual teaching is to determine students\' prior concepts because this has an important effect in developing teaching programme for conceptual teaching. In the present study, a literature review was carried out to find out students\' misconceptions in some chemistry subjects, such as electrochemistry, acid-base and particular nature of matter.
High-value B2B interactions, non-repudiation and Web services

This chapter provides an overview of the problem of making high-value business-to-business (B2B) interactions non-repudiable, where non-repudiation is the property that no party to an interaction can subsequently deny their involvement in the interaction. Existing approaches are discussed in the context of fundamental work on fairness and non-repudiation. The existing work suffers from a lack of flexibility both in terms of the mechanisms that can be deployed to achieve non-repudiation and of the interactions to which non-repudiation can be applied. The authors contend that it is necessary to be able to render arbitrary Web service interactions non-repudiable and to optionally invoke application-level validation of business messages at run-time. The chapter presents the design and implementation of a novel Web services-based middleware that addresses these requirements. The middleware leverages existing Web service standards. It is sufficiently flexible to adapt to different regulatory regimes and to provide security guarantees that are appropriate to different business contexts.
Comparative study of logistic map series prediction using feed-forward, partially recurrent and general regression networks

The focus of this paper is experimental comparison between selected neural architectures for chaotic time series prediction problem. Several feed-forward architectures (multilayer perceptrons) are compared with partially recurrent nets (Elman, extended Elman, and Jordan) based on convergence rate, prediction accuracy, training time requirements and stability of results. Results for chaotic logistic map series presented in the paper indicate that prediction accuracy of MLPs with two hidden layers is superior to other tested architectures. Although potential superiority of MLPs needs to be confirmed on other chaotic time series before any general conclusions can be drawn, it is conjectured that contrary to the common beliefs in several cases feed-forward nets may be better suited for short-term prediction task than partially recurrent nets. It is worth noting that significant improvement in prediction accuracy for all tested networks was achieved by rescaling the data from interval (0,1) to (0.2, 0.8). Moreover, it is experimentally shown that with a proper choice of learning parameters all tested architectures produce stable (repeatable) results. The paper is completed by comparison of the above results with the ones obtained with general regression neural network.
Facial expressions and emotions in small-scale societies

One of the most prevalent theories in psychology assumes that emotions are pan-culturally produced and recognized from facial expressions (i.e., Universality Thesis). The most rigorous test occurs in small-scale societies with limited contact with external cultural influences. In any case, those tests are scarce and provide mixed results. In the present dissertation, we present a series of studies aimed at testing whether children and adolescents from two smallscale societies (the Trobrianders of Papua New Guinea and Mwani of Mozambique) judge the same emotions as Westerners do from prototypic facial expressions of “emotion” (e.g., a smiling face signals happiness). For conducting such tests, the experimenter conducted participant observation, learned the vernacular, and built rapport with the host community in order to generate a robust descriptive base. The descriptive phase was key for the study design, data collection, and interpretation of the results. Throughout 8 studies (Trobrianders, N = 388; Mwani, N = 96; Spaniards, N = 233) the experimenter used different methods (i.e., response formats, designs, and stimuli), sampling participants from different islands and villages. Overall mean matching scores ranged from very low (.04) to moderate (.50), achieving higher matching scores when providing contextual information in a within-subjects design. Our data refuted the Universality Thesis through many methods and on a large sample of
Combined effect of vitamins C and E on zinc status, carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant values in diabetic rats fed zinc-deficient diet

The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of vitamin C and vitamin E on carbohydrate metabolism, zinc status and antioxidant enzymes activities in diabetic rats fed low zinc diet. Female diabetic albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups. The first group received a diet containing a 54 mg zinc/kg diet (adequate zinc, AZ), the second group received a diet containing 1 mg zinc/kg diet (zinc deficient group, ZD), and the three other groups received ZD diet and treated orally with vitamin E (500 mg/kg body wt) (ZD+VitE), vitamin C (500 mg/kg body wt) (ZD+VitC), and combined vitamins C and E (250 + 250 mg/kg body wt) (ZD+VitC+VitE) respectively. Body weight and food intake were recorded regularly. After four weeks of dietary manipulation. Serum and tissues zinc concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity of low-zinc diabetic animals were significantly lower than those of the control diabetic animals. Dietary zinc deficiency also increased significantly blood glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase activities, and malondialdehyde level of low zinc diabetic rats. In contrast, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and liver glutathione level were reduced. Vit C or vit E may have partial ameliorative effects on these disturbances, whereas vit C and vit E together assured a more efficient protection. In conclusion vitamin E and C act as beneficial and potent antioxidants protect against lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage due to zinc deficiency associated with diabetes mellitus.
Balancing High Quality Subject-Matter Instruction with Positive Teacher-Student Relations in the Middle Grades: Effects of Departmentalization, Tracking and Block Scheduling on Learning Environments. Report No. 15.

This study tests the general hypothesis that there is no single best way to organize a middle school to meet the variety of needs of early adolescent students. Using data from a sample of 433 schools in the Pennsylvania Educational Quality Assessment, it examines the affects of self-contained classroom instruction and departmentalization on two generally agreed-upon educational goals--positive student-teacher relations and high quality subject-matter instruction. The study finds self-contained classroom instruction benefits student-teacher relations at a cost to high quality subject matter instruction, while departmentalization improves the quality of instruction in specialized subject matter at a cost to student-teacher relations. The same types of effects are proposed by analogy for scheduling and grouping practices. (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** n r f r-I:E. -8( research ;lementory \Mole Schoot Report No. 15 June, 1987 BALANCING HIGH QUALITY SUBJECT-MATTER INSTRUCTION WITH POSITIVE TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONS IN THE MIDDLE GRADES: EFFECTS OF DEPARTMENTALIZATION, TRACKING AND BLOCK SCHEDULING ON LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS James M. McPartland U II DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document nag been reproduced as received IrOm tne person nr organization Onyinating r Miner chinos have Oven made to improve rpodu inn quality Points of view or opinions Stated in Inte doCik mint not necessarily represent offic.ai OERI poodle? , or policy
Promoting the "B" in ABC: its value and limitations in fostering reproductive health.

It is probably fair to say that at the beginning of the pandemic preventing HIV/AIDS was all about "C"--for Condom use. Several years ago how ever social conservatives began promoting "A"--for Abstinence--as the central component of a global HIV/AIDS prevention strategy. And more recently public health experts have begun extolling the value of "B"--for Be faithful or "partner reduction"--as the indispensable but forgotten middle child of the "ABC" approach. As the political popularity of individual interventions has lurched from C to A to B it is now obvious that no one-size-fits-all approach to HIV/AIDS prevention can ever succeed for all people at all times in all countries. Nevertheless it is clear that attaining higher levels of B--which can range from absolute mutual monogamy inside or outside of marriage to simply having fewer sexual partners especially fewer concurrent sexual partners--has the greatest potential to reduce the HIV/AIDS infection rate in a population overall. Notwithstanding its epidemiological impact however B alone--in whatever form it may take--has its limitations when it comes to reducing an individuals risk of HIV or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Moreover even in its purest form B offers no protection at all against unintended pregnancy. (excerpt)
Digital Diploma Mills, Part 1: The Automation of Higher Education

The art world is not the only "site" feeling the pressure to go online. We are urged now to shop, to consume the news, to do research, or to take classes via the Internet. For those of us with anything to do with the university, particularly in the fields concerned with the visual arts, the pressure to mount courses on Web sites is growing with startling rapidity. The university administrators urging faculties to comply with their desire to produce online material (which they, in their total complicity with the corporate interests in educational software, invariably call "product") refer to the Net as a new form of expression. For those of us who think that the computer-even enlarged to the scale of the Internet-is no more a "form of expression" than a typewriter, this propaganda for the Net has come to seem highly suspicious. It is for this reason that the editors of October have read David Noble's two essays-posted as they were on the Net-with deep fascination. The urgency of the issues they raise has led us to publish them here in order that our readers might be alerted to the problems of coercion and copyright infringement now being generated in the interests of the "information revolution. " For Professor Noble's generous permission to reprint these essays, October expresses its gratitude.
Monitoring device for early warning signs of operator fatigue in open cut mines

An investigation into technologies to detect impaired performance due to driver fatigue was undertaken. From this, a new forced-choice stimulus-reaction device was developed specifically to detect driver impairment in operators of haul trucks in open cut mines. The device was developed in conjunction with personnel from the mining industry to suit the harsh conditions of the mining environment. The technology was trialled in three open cut mines and in a driving simulator at Murdoch University in Western Australia. Data were collected on the performance of drivers and analysed to validate the technology. A significant positive correlation was found between measures of reduced operator reaction performance and measures of eye closure. It was found that the device detected few false alarms and missed few bouts of tiredness as indicated by eye closures. It is suggested that the device would be a useful tool to assist with the detection of driver fatigue in open cut mining environments. The forced-choice reaction-monitoring device was used to assess the performance of drivers in a gold mine in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. The fly-in-fly-out haul truck drivers worked 14 consecutive 12-hour night shifts, had a day off, then worked 13 consecutive 12-hour day shifts. A total of more than 3,500 hours of real-time objective performance data were collected and analysed. The main findings were that the objective performance data showed patterns of low performance that did not fit some of the performance data that would be expected from examination of past literature. Many findings are discussed in light of these anomalies. Another important finding is that the subject's background and sleep pathology is a possible predictor for poor performance on the forced-choice reaction task. The system was also used to measure the performance of drivers with rising blood alcohol levels in a driving simulator. Subjects drank vodka with a mixer while driving for two hours starting at both 20:00 hrs and 22:00 hrs, with a week in between the two trials. The fatigue monitor detected reaction times slower than 3 SD of baseline performance at low levels of BAC. Performance at 22:00 hrs was marginally more impaired than performance at 20:00 hrs. Drivers at low BAC levels tended to compensate easier on the reaction task at 20:00 hrs compared to at 22:00 hrs. The ARRB fatigue monitor shows good capacity to detect poor performance due to low and medium measures of BAC. The research undertaken within this thesis has provided data that challenges contemporary research that generally suggests that time on task is one of the largest influences of fatigue at work. It appears that both circadian influences and individual lifestyle habits will have an equal or greater impact on fatigue risk at work.
Nanoparticulates as Drug Carriers

Nanoparticle Flow: Implications for Drug Delivery (A T Florence) Polymer Micelles as Drug Carriers (E V Batrakova et al.) Lipoproteins as Pharmaceutical Carriers (S Liu et al.) Dendrimers as Nanoparticular Drug Carriers (S Svenson & D A Tomalia) Cells and Cell Ghosts as Drug Carriers (J M Lanao & M L Sayalero) Magnetic Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers (U O Hafeli & M Chastellain) Liposomal Drug Carriers in Cancer Therapy (A A Gabizon) Delivery of Nanoparticles to the Cardiovascular System (B-A Khaw) Nanoparticles for Targeting Lymphatics (W Phillips) Nanoparticular Carriers for Ocular Drug Delivery (A Sanchez & M J Alonso) and other papers.