Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING MATERIAL

Coal is one of the world’s most important sources of energy, fuelling almost 40% of electricity worldwide. Some power plants in Malaysia use coal as a raw material in generating the electricity since the year 1988. During the burning process of coal for the electricity generation, coal waste is produced which includes coal ash in the fraction of about 75-85 % Fly Ash (FA) and 15-25 % Bottom Ash (BA). The FA has been widely used in the cement industry but the BA is still not largely utilised in Malaysia. This might be due to the fears on the environmental hazard that might be occurred as a result of possible leaching of metal from the BA to the ground water. Research on the possible usage of BA in Geotechnical Engineering work has been taken place in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia since 2008, in collaboration with the Tanjung Bin, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah (or Kapar) and Sultan Azlan Shah (or Manjung) power plants in Johor, Selangor and Perak, respectively. This paper presents the physical, morphological, mineralogical, chemical and mechanical properties of BA and explores the possibility of using BA as alternative materials in Geotechnical Engineering works. Analysis of the results from the laboratory and physical model tests show a huge potential of utilising this BA.
Multidimensionally constrained relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov study of spontaneous nuclear fission

The inclusion of nonaxial quadrupole and octupole shape degrees of freedom is essential for a quantitative analysis of fission dynamics. The action integrals and, consequently, the half-lives crucially depend on the approximation used to calculate the effective collective inertia along the fission path. The perturbative cranking approach underestimates the effects of structural changes at the level crossings and the resulting collective inertia varies relatively smoothly in the (β20,β22) and (β20,β30) planes. In contrast, the nonperturbative collective mass is characterized by the occurrence of sharp peaks on the surface of collective coordinates, that can be related to single-particle level crossings near the Fermi surface. This enhances the effective inertia, increases the values of the action integral, and results in longer fission half-lives.
Modular forms of virtually real-arithmetic type I -- Mixed mock modular forms yield vector-valued modular forms

The theory of elliptic modular forms has gained significant momentum from the discovery of relaxed yet well-behaved notions of modularity, such as mock modular forms, higher order modular forms, and iterated Eichler-Shimura integrals. Applications beyond number theory range from combinatorics, geometry, and representation theory to string theory and conformal field theory. We unify these relaxed notions in the framework of vector-valued modular forms by introducing a new class of $\mathrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$-representations: virtually real-arithmetic types. The key point of the paper is that virtually real-arithmetic types are in general not completely reducible. We obtain a rationality result for Fourier and Taylor coefficients of associated modular forms.
Analytical model of a longitudinal hollow cathode discharge

This paper presents a simple analytical model of a longitudinal hollow cathode discharge used in metal vapour lasers. The model describes the principle relations between the voltage, current, plasma density and axial structure of the discharge. Contrary to standard dc discharges, this discharge does not require electron multiplication in the cathode fall (CF) to produce ions, but rather to satisfy the electron energy balance. A self-sustainment condition is obtained from the energy balance per electron–ion pair. From this, it follows that there is a maximum voltage at which the CF thickness tends to zero and the current density tends asymptotically to infinity. The discharge develops axial non-uniformity and an axial electric field in order to evacuate the created electrons to the anode, such that the characteristic time for transport losses is the same for electrons as for ions. The axial profiles of the current density, plasma density and potential are obtained from the electron continuity equation. It is shown that additional energy absorption from the axial field, similar to electron heating in dc positive columns, modifies the self-sustainment condition and thus leads to a shift in the voltage–current characteristic, depending on the cathode length.
Emission-line Metallicities from the Faint Infrared Grism Survey and VLT/MUSE

We derive direct-measurement gas-phase metallicities of for 14 low-mass emission-line galaxies at 0.3 < z < 0.8 identified in the Faint Infrared Grism Survey. We use deep slitless G102 grism spectroscopy of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, dispersing light from all objects in the field at wavelengths between 0.85 and 1.15 μm. We run an automatic search routine on these spectra to robustly identify 71 emission-line sources, using archival data from Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) to measure additional lines and confirm redshifts. We identify 14 objects with 0.3 < z < 0.8 with measurable [O iii]λ4363 Å emission lines in matching VLT/MUSE spectra. For these galaxies, we derive direct electron-temperature gas-phase metallicities with a range of . With matching stellar masses in the range of 107.9 M⊙ < M⋆ < 1010.4 M⊙, we construct a mass–metallicity (MZ) relation and find that the relation is offset to lower metallicities compared to metallicities derived from alternative methods (e.g., R23, O3N2, N2O2) and continuum selected samples. Using star formation rates derived from the Hα emission line, we calculate our galaxies’ position on the Fundamental Metallicity Relation, where we also find an offset toward lower metallicities. This demonstrates that this emission-line-selected sample probes objects of low stellar masses but even lower metallicities than many comparable surveys. We detect a trend suggesting galaxies with higher Specific Star Formation (SSFR) are more likely to have lower metallicity. This could be due to cold accretion of metal-poor gas that drives star formation, or could be because outflows of metal-rich stellar winds and SNe ejecta are more common in galaxies with higher SSFR.
Preliminary Investigation of the Influence of Housing Types on Reproductive Characteristics of Snail (Achatina Achatina)

Most efforts towards boosting reproduction in snails are directed towards nutrition and soil composition and little emphasis have been placed in exploring other factors that might influence reproduction in snails. The influence of housing types on reproductive characteristics of Achatina achatina was investigated with ninety juvenile snails subjected to each of the three housing treatments in replicates of 15 snails per replicate for 36 weeks. The housing treatments had the same dimensions (120 cm x 60 cm x 30 cm) and were labeled as: - Treatment A (Hutch box), Treatment B (Trench pen) and Treatment C (Mini-paddock pen). The housing treatments and its surroundings were fitted with a digital thermometer and hygrometer to take daily readings of internal and ambient temperature and humidity. The snails in each replicate were fed daily rations of 60 g of dry Guinea corn bran, 50 g ground egg shell and water was also supplied. The reproductive parameters investigated were egg production and hatchability of eggs. Other parameters investigated were temperature and humidity variations. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the means of the reproductive parameters even though the highest yield of egg production and hatchability of eggs were observed in snails subjected to Treatment C. The temperature variation was lowest in Treatment C (4.0o C) and highest in Treatment B (6.9o C). The humidity variation was also lowest in Treatment C (14.5%) and highest in Treatment B (15.9%). The study recommends that any of the housing treatments can be used as laying pens for Achatina achatina since housing has no significant influence on their reproductive characteristics.
Macroeconomic environment and insurance industry development: The case of Visegrad group countries

The insurance industry accumulates a considerable number of financial assets and represents an essential element of the sustainable economic growth in all developed countries. Theory predicts economic changes as one of the most important determinants of insurance industry development. In transition economies, the insurance industry is in a different situation due to its specific historical context. This paper focuses on an examination of the role of a macroeconomic environment in the development of insurance sectors in selected transition countries. Our sample consists of four central European countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Republic of Poland and the Slovak Republic – the Visegrad Four countries. Based on our findings, we are able to confirm that the macroeconomic environment has a strong impact on the development of the insurance industry in the selected transition countries. In addition, the results suggest that the development in the non-life insurance industry is more sensitive to the macroeconomic environment.
Multivariate Boundaries of a Self Representing Stratum of Large Units in Agricultural Survey Design

In business surveys in general, and in multipurpose agricultural surveys in particular, the problem of designing a sample from a list frame usually consists of two different aspects. The first is concerned with the choice of a rule for stratifying the population when several size variables are available and the second is devoted to sample size determination and sample allocation to a given set of strata. The main property that is required of the sample design is that it delivers a specified level of precision for a set of variables of interest using as few sampling units as possible. This article examines how this can be achieved via a basic partition into two strata, one completely enumerated and the other sampled, defined in such a way as to achieve both these objectives. The procedure was used to design the Italian Milk Products Monthly Survey on the basis of a set of auxiliary variables obtained from an annual census of the same target population. Given the combinatorial optimization nature of the problem, we use stochastic relaxation theory, and in particular, we use simulated annealing because of its flexibility. Our results indicate that in this situation the multivariate partition obtained by using this random search strategy is a suitable solution as it permits identification of boundaries of any shape. Furthermore, numerical comparisons between sampling designs obtained by using these procedures and some simple extensions of univariate stratification rules are made. The gain from using the proposed strategy is nontrivial as it achieves the required precision using a sample size that is notably smaller than that required by simple extensions to univariate stratification rules.
Local People Attitudes towards Community Forestry Practices: A Case Study of Kosti Province-CentralSudan

This paper examines the attitudes of local communities toward community forestry programmes implemented by a project under the CF approach in Kosti area, based on a survey of 100 people living there. The household was the basic unit of data collection; ten villages were selected as study localities. Ten respondents from each village were randomly chosen for the interview. Frequency distribution results showed that almost all the respondents have a particularly favourable perception of the community forestry programmes implemented and they perceive the best type of management for running these forests which is to be owned and managed by them. They participated in different programe activities and willing to further participation in tree planting activities. Women have possessed positive attitudes towards community forestry although they were not fully involved in community forestry Practices. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistical significant relation between some selected variables (Respondents age, educational level, main occupation, respondents indigenous knowledge, family uses of different forestry products, awareness of causes of forest destruction and finally respondents awareness of environmental problems) exerted important influences on the attitudes and participation of respondents. This study suggests that the project and the forest services should continue addressing local development needs, encourage women's participation in community forestry, and work toward dispute settlement of community forest-user groups, if it wants to win the support of local communities for long-term environmental conservation goals.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Practical Work in Chemistry: A Case of Secondary Schools in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

The purpose of this study is to explore factors that influence practical work in chemistry for secondary schools in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. The study has identified teachers‟, learners‟ and school principals‟ perceptions to indicate the key factors that seem to inhibit the effective use of practical work in chemistry. The sample for the study comprised 56 chemistry teachers, 75 secondary school students, and 5 school principals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, focus group discussion and interview. The collected data were analyzed using simple quantitative and qualitative analysis. The finding of the study revealed that factors that influencing practical work in chemistry of secondary schools are teachers‟ poor knowledge of practical work, full-time occupancy of chemistry teachers, absenteeism of the teacher at practical classes, late commencement of teaching a practical class; lack of awareness and motivation of school managements and unsafe working environments. Furthermore, lack of separate chemistry laboratory, lack of equipment in the laboratory, too short period allocated for practical work, low attitude students‟ toward practical work in chemistry, teachers‟ low level of expectation for the development of Information and communication technology (ICT) were the major factors that affect the practical work in chemistry. Finally, recommendations were forwarded based on the major finding in order to improve practical work in chemistry.
Abundance analysis of a CEMP-no star in the Carina dwarf spheroidal galaxy

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars bear important imprints of the early chemical enrichment of any stellar system. While these stars are known to exist in copious amounts in the Milky Way halo, detailed chemical abundance data from the faint dwarf spheroidal (dSph) satellites are still sparse, although the relative fraction of these stars increases with decreasing metallicity. Here, we report the abundance analysis of a metal-poor ([Fe/H]=$-2.5$ dex), carbon-rich ([C/Fe]=1.4 dex) star, ALW-8, in the Carina dSph using high-resolution spectroscopy obtained with the ESO/UVES instrument. Its spectrum does not indicate any over-enhancements of neutron capture elements. Thus classified as a CEMP-no star, this is the first detection of this kind of star in Carina. Another of our sample stars, ALW-1, is shown to be a CEMP-$s$ star, but its immediate binarity prompted us to discard it from a detailed analysis. The majority of the 18 chemical elements we measured are typical of Carina's field star population and also agree with CEMP stars in other dSph galaxies. Similar to the only known CEMP-no star in the Sculptor dSph and the weak-$r$-process star HD 122563, the lack of any strong barium-enhancement is accompanied by a moderate overabundance in yttrium, indicating a weak $r$-process activity. The overall abundance pattern confirms that, also in Carina, the formation site for CEMP-no stars has been affected by both faint supernovae and by standard core collapse supernovae. Whichever process was responsible for the heavy element production in ALW-8 must be a ubiquitous source to pollute the CEMP-no stars, acting independently of the environment such as in the Galactic halo or in dSphs.
Why Self-enhancement Provokes Dislike: The Hubris Hypothesis and the Aversiveness of Explicit Self-superiority Claims

Abstract Most people believe that they are in many respects superior to others. When they publicly express their superiority, they may do so in an explicitly or implicitly comparative manner (“I am better than others” vs. “I am good”). According to the hubris hypothesis, observers dislike explicit self-superiority claims, because these suggest a negative view of others and hence of the observers. The results of two experiments were consistent with the hubris hypothesis. Participants evaluated explicit self-superiority claimants more unfavorably than implicit self-superiority claimants (Experiments 1–2). They attributed less warmth, but not less competence, to explicit than implicit self-superiority claimants (Experiment 2), and this occurred to the extent that participants inferred a negative view of others (Experiments 1–2) and hence of them (Experiment 2).
Effect of Macroeconomic Factors on Commercial Banks Profitability in Kenya: Case of Equity Bank Limited

Commercial banks appear very profitable in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), average returns on assets were about 2 percent over the last 10 years, significantly higher than bank returns in other parts of the world. In order to survive in the long run, it is important for a bank to find out what are the determinants of profitability so that it can take initiatives to increase its profitability. However, owing to the fact that there are few studies on the determinants of bank profitability, various studies indicate divergent views on the effect of macroeconomic factors on bank profitability. For these reasons, it is not clear whether or not macroeconomic factors affect bank profitability in Kenya. The main purpose of this study was to establish effect of macroeconomic factors on bank profitability in Kenya with Equity bank in focus to understand country and bank specific characteristics. Specific objectives were to determine, examine and evaluate effect of; economic growth (real GDP), inflation and exchange rate on bank profitability in Kenya with Equity bank in focus respectively. This study was modeled on the theory of production and based on correlation research design. Sample size consisted annual data spanning 5 years from 2008- 2012. Data was obtained from the World Development Indicators, published Equity bank documents (annual reports, investor briefings and financial statements). To accomplish this task the study used Cobb-Douglas production function transformed into natural logarithm. This study employed OLS to establish the relationship between macroeconomic factors and bank profitability. The results indicated that macroeconomic factors (real GDP, inflation and exchange rate) have insignificant effect on bank profitability in Kenya with Equity bank in focus at 5% level of significance. We concluded that macroeconomic factors do not affect bank profitability in Kenya. In view of this, it is clear that internal factors which relate to bank management significantly determine bank profitability in Kenya. The study therefore recommends that banks to adopt policies that enhance managerial efficiency for higher profits to be realized. Keywords: Macroeconomic factors, Commercial bank Profitability
Coronal loop seismology using multiple transverse loop oscillation harmonics

Abstract TRACE observations (23/11/1998 06:35:57-06:48:43UT) in the 171 Å bandpass of an active region are studied. Coronal loop oscillations are observed after a violent disruption of the equilibrium. The oscillation properties are studied to give seismological estimates of physical quantities, such as the density scale height. A loop segment is traced during the oscillation, and the resulting time series is analysed for periodicities. In the loop segment displacement, two periods are found: 435.6±4.5 s and 242.7±6.4 s, consistent with the periods of the fundamental and 2nd harmonic fast kink oscillation. The small uncertainties allow us to estimate the density scale height in the loop to be 109 Mm, which is about double the estimated hydrostatical value of 50 Mm. The eigenfunction is used to do spatial coronal seismology, but that method does not give any conclusive results.
Tunable Surface Conductivity in Bi2Se3 Revealed in Diffusive Electron Transport

We demonstrate that the weak antilocalization effect can serve as a convenient method for detecting decoupled surface transport in topological insulator thin films. In the regime where a bulk Fermi surface coexists with the surface states, the low-field magnetoconductivity is well described by the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka equation for single-component transport of noninteracting electrons. When the electron density is lowered, the magnetotransport behavior deviates from the single-component description and strong evidence is found for independent conducting channels at or near the bottom and top surfaces. The magnetic-field-dependent part of corrections to conductivity due to Zeeman energy is shown to be negligible for the fields relevant to the weak antilocalization despite considerable electron-electron interaction effects on the temperature dependence of the conductivity.
Associated and digenean fauna of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis cultured on shellfish tables in the lagoon of Bizerta (Tunisia)

1 - Shellfish tables used for the breeding in bags of the oyster Crassostrea gigas and the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis are suitable support for rapid colonization by marine living organisms.2 - During the period, June 2008 to May 2009, monthly samples of M. galloprovincialis were collected from the mytiliculture farm situated in Menzel Jemil (Bizerta Lagoon). Specimens were analyzed to identify their associated and digenean fauna.3 - Overall samples contain 68 taxa belonging to 12 zoological classes. Crustaceans, Polychaetes and Bivalves dominated largely the associated fauna, with frequencies of 34.7%, 22.9% and 10.6% respectively. The Polychaete Myrianida pinnigera was identified for the first time in the Tunisian coast. The remaining groups of associated fauna (Ascidia, Ophiuroids, Gastropods, Actinaria, Gymnolaemata, Demosponges, Calcispongia, Turbellaria, and Echinids,) accounted for only 31.8%. Diversity indices showed a temporal variation of the taxonomic structure of listed groups related to the environmental conditions and the biological cycles.4 - The examination of ~1400 individual mussels showed the occurrence of a low number of Proctoeces maculatus sporocysts (Digenea, Fellodistomodae). Bag-shaped sporocysts containing, according to the maturation stage, germinal balls, daughter sporocysts and or cercariae colonize at the beginning of the infection, the digestive gland then gonads and totality of the mantle.