Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Lagrangian Extrapolation of Radar Fields Be Used for Precipitation Nowcasting over Complex Alpine Orography

AbstractIn this study, a Lagrangian radar echo extrapolation scheme (MAPLE) was tested for use in very short-term forecasting of precipitation over a complex orographic region. The high-resolution forecasts from MAPLE for lead times of 5 min–5 h are evaluated against the radar observations for 20 summer rainfall events by employing a series of categorical, continuous, and neighborhood evaluation techniques. The verification results are then compared with those from Eulerian persistence and high-resolution numerical weather prediction model [the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling model (COSMO2)] forecasts. The forecasts from the MAPLE model clearly outperformed Eulerian persistence forecasts for all the lead times, and had better skill compared to COSMO2 up to lead time of 3 h on average. The results also showed that the predictability achieved from the MAPLE model depends on the spatial structure of the precipitation patterns. This study is a first implementation of the MAPLE model over a complex Alpine .
E‐satisfaction and e‐loyalty: A contingency framework

The authors investigate the impact of satisfaction on loyalty in the context of electronic commerce. Findings of this research indicate that although e-satisfaction has an impact on e-loyalty, this relationship is moderated by (a) consumers' individual level factors and (b) firms' business level factors. Among consumer level factors, convenience motivation and purchase size were found to accentuate the impact of e-satisfaction on e-loyalty, whereas inertia suppresses the impact of e-satisfaction on e-loyalty. With respect to business level factors, both trust and perceived value, as developed by the company, significantly accentuate the impact of e-satisfaction on e-loyalty. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The optical morphologies of the 2 Jy sample of radio galaxies: evidence for galaxy interactions

We present deep Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph South (GMOS-S)/Gemini optical broad-band images for a complete sample of 46 southern 2 Jy radio galaxies at intermediate redshifts (0.05 <z <0.7). Based on them, we discuss the role of galaxy interactions in the triggering of powerful radio galaxies (PRGs). The high-quality observations presented here show for the first time that the overall majority of PRGs at intermediate redshifts (78-85 per cent) show peculiarities in their optical morphologies at relatively high levels of surface brightness (? ; ? ). The observed morphological peculiarities include tails, fans, bridges, shells, dust lanes, irregular features, amorphous haloes and multiple nuclei. While the results for many of the galaxies are consistent with them being observed at, or after, the time of coalescence of the nuclei in a galaxy merger, we find that more than one-third of the sample are observed in a pre-coalescence phase of the merger, or following a close encounter between galaxies that will not necessarily lead to a merger. By dividing the sample into Weak-Line Radio Galaxies (WLRGs; 11 objects) and Strong-Line Radio Galaxies (SLRGs; 35 objects) we find that only 27 per cent of the former show clear evidence for interactions in their optical morphologies, in contrast to the SLRGs, of which at least 94 per cent appear interacting. This is consistent with the idea that many WLRGs are fuelled/triggered by the Bondi accretion of hot gas. However, the evidence for interactions and dust features in a fraction of them indicates that the accretion of cold gas cannot always be ruled out. Of the 28 per cent of the sample that display evidence for significant starburst activity, we find that 92 per cent present disturbed morphologies, following the same general trend as the total and SLRG samples. By comparing our PRGs with various samples of quiescent ellipticals from the literature, we conclude that the percentage of morphological disturbance that we find here exceeds that found for quiescent ellipticals when similar surface brightnesses are considered. Overall, our study indicates that galaxy interactions are likely to play a key role in the triggering of active galactic nuclei (AGN)/jet activity.
The sum of log-normal variates in geometric Brownian motion

Geometric Brownian motion (GBM) is a key model for representing self-reproducing entities. Self-reproduction may be considered the definition of life [5], and the dynamics it induces are of interest to those concerned with living systems from biology to economics. Trajectories of GBM are distributed according to the well-known log-normal density, broadening with time. However, in many applications, what's of interest is not a single trajectory but the sum, or average, of several trajectories. The distribution of these objects is more complicated. Here we show two different ways of finding their typical trajectories. We make use of an intriguing connection to spin glasses: the expected free energy of the random energy model is an average of log-normal variates. We make the mapping to GBM explicit and find that the free energy result gives qualitatively correct behavior for GBM trajectories. We then also compute the typical sum of lognormal variates using Ito calculus. This alternative route is in close quantitative agreement with numerical work.
Analyzing Signals from a Primary Winding of a Locomotive Transformer with Three Types of Wavelet-Based Transforms

The paper is concerned with the analysis of instantaneous values and evaluation of certain power quality indices corresponding to phase currents and voltages acquired from the primary winding of a locomotive transformer. Representative data sets acquired during all operating regimes (acceleration, constant speed, normal and respectively regenerative braking) were analyzed. Firstly the background noise was estimated by using a wavelet thrashing tree considering a wavelet mother with a short filter. Specific computational aspects related to the use of the Stationary Wavelet Transform were presented and it was used to evaluate the instantaneous values of the fundamental harmonic, respectively the distorting residue. Discrete Wavelet Transform was used for 3 situations to deal with time-frequency localization of deviations from stationarity. A nodal analysis was also made with an original implementation of the Wavelet Packet Transform in a special situation, when the deviation from stationarity nearby the right edge prevents the use of DWT. Excepting the thrashing tree, the wavelet mother used in all transformations relied on a filter of length 40 due to the good properties of selectivity relative to the harmonics’ energies. All methods were used to evaluate the 3 major root mean square values (for fundamental frequency, for distorting residue and total). The results yielded by different methods were compared. A good convergence of methods was noticed. Explanations for the small differences are suggested. Cuvinte cheie: calcule specifice ingineriei energetice, calitatea energiei, transformata discretă Wavelet, transformata de tip Wavelet Packet Transform, transformata stationară Wavelet.
Effects of Grazing and Fire on Soil and Vegetation Properties in a Semi-Arid Rangeland

Livestock grazing and rangelands fire are important ecological disturbances influencing the vegetation and soil properties in rangelands ecosystem. This study was conducted to determine the effects of different burned treatments and distances from the water sources on some soil and vegetation properties of rangelands ecosystem. The experiment was conducted in Lashgar Dar Rangelands. Vegetation samplings were done based on the randomized systematic method across transects. Fifty randomized quadrats were sampled at each transect. One hundred soil samples per each transect were systematically taken by auger along each transect. The ANOVA and Duncan tests were employed for statistical analyses. The results indicated that the highest and the lowest above-ground biomass production (630 and 117 kg ha -1 ), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (2.37 and 1.07), soil TOC (18.34 and 6.66 g kg -1 ), soil gravimetric water content (16.4 and 6 %) and soil porosity (69.43 and 57.74%) values were found in the unburned rangelands with 2000 m distance from the water source and the one year post burned rangelands with 10 m distance from the water source, respectively. Whereas, the maximum and the minimum values of soil bulk density and soil EC were seen in the one year post burn with 10 m distance from the water source and the unburned rangelands with 2000 m distance from the water source, respectively. There were no relations between the soil pH change trends and the different burned treatments or distances from the water source.
Performance of the Minievaporimeter UFV-1 to estimate the reference evapotranspiration in relation to the constant groundwater Table lysimeter

En este trabajo se ha objetivado evaluar el desempeno del minievaporimetro UFV-1, operando con nivel de agua igual a 30 mm de la borda, para estimativa de (ET0) en relacion al lisimetro del manto freatico constante. El minievaporimetro UFV-1 es de PVC y consiste en un tubo con diametro interno de 244 mm y altura de 320 mm. Los minievaporimetros y los lisimetros del manto freatico constante fueron conectados separadamente a un irrigametro modificado, lo cual fue utilizado para mantener el nivel de agua constante en su interior y para realizar la lectura de la lamina evaporada y evapotranspirada. La evaporacion fue relacionada a la ET0 obtenida por el lisimetro para determinar los coeficientes del minievaporimetro. En todos los periodos de tiempo analizados, el minievaporimetro ha presentado mejor estimativa de la ET0 que los demas metodos estudiados. Estos resultados justifican el uso del minievaporimetro para manejo del agua de la irrigacion.
Nutrient intake and digestibility of the lipid residue of biodiesel from palm oil in sheep1

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of lipid residue of biodiesel originated in the processing of palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) in the diet on the digestibility of feedlot lambs. Twenty-five crossbred male castrated lambs, weighing 20±1.61 kg, were distributed in randomized blocks with five treatments and five replications. The experimental period lasted 22 days; 15 for diet adaptation, 2 for the adaptation to the indicator LIPE (lignin from Eucalyptus grandis isolated, purified and enriched, UFMG, Minas Gerais) and 5 for fecal sampling. Diets were formulated with 64% concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, 31% Massai grass (Panicum maximum cv. Massai) hay and 5% lipid supplementation from increasing levels of substitution of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of palm oil for biodiesel oil from palm residue. The lambs were offered two meals a day, at 7h00 and 16h00. There was linear effect of inclusion of the residue from palm oil biodiesel on dry matter intake. There was no change in digestibility of nutrients except for ether extract. The use of biodiesel from palm oil residue up to 100% replacement for the lipid supplementation of sheep positively influences the consumption without altering the digestibility of nutrients.
MVTec AD — A Comprehensive Real-World Dataset for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection

The detection of anomalous structures in natural image data is of utmost importance for numerous tasks in the ﬁeld of computer vision. The development of methods for unsupervised anomaly detection requires data on which to train and evaluate new approaches and ideas. We introduce the MVTec Anomaly Detection (MVTec AD) dataset containing 5354 high-resolution color images of different object and texture categories. It contains normal, i.e., defect-free, images intended for training and images with anomalies intended for testing. The anomalies manifest themselves in the form of over 70 different types of defects such as scratches, dents, contaminations, and various structural changes. In addition, we provide pixel-precise ground truth regions for all anomalies. We also conduct a thorough evaluation of current state-of-the-art unsupervised anomaly detection methods based on deep architectures such as convolutional autoencoders, generative adversarial networks, and feature descriptors using pre-trained convolutional neural networks, as well as classical computer vision methods. This initial benchmark indicates that there is considerable room for improvement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst comprehensive, multi-object, multi-defect dataset for anomaly detection that provides pixel-accurate ground truth regions and focuses on real-world applications.
Humic substances and the water calcium content change the toxicity of malachite green

Summary Laboratory experiments were conducted to test interactive effects of calcium(Ca 2+ ) content and the presence of humic substance (HS) on malachite green (MAG)-induced toxicity in fish embryos and larvae by means of a semistatic 144-hembryo-larval-test with zebrafish (Danio rerio). Two kinds of reconstituted water samples were used to produce the test media by mixing salts into deionized water resulting in either hard water (›Ca ) HS), or soft water (flCa ) HS). By adding HS two additional test media were produced (›Ca + HS, flCa + HS). MAG was tested in concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 mg L )1 . The toxicity ranking of MAG (mg L )1 ) to embryos based on 96-h-LC50 in the different test water samples is: ›Ca ) HS (0.061) > ›Ca + HS (0.123) ¼ flCa ) HS (0.12) ‡fl Ca + HS (0.134) and on 144-h-LC50 to larvae is: ›Ca ) HS (0.038) > ›Ca + HS (0.06) > flCa ) HS (0.077) ¼ flCa + HS (0.077). Mortality of all the groups was significantly different (P < 0.05). Increased Ca 2+ concentrations did not protect zebrafish embryos and larvae from MAG-induced toxicity. At high Ca 2+ conditions, the mortality of the embryos as well as of the larvae is reduced in the ›Ca + HS group relative to the ›Ca ) HS group. Thus, at high Ca 2+ conditions the HS does affect the MAG-induced mortality. The mechanism which causes the higher toxicity of MAG in the presence of higher Ca 2+ concentrations is poorly understood. A probable explanation could be the stimulation of the calcium-binding protein calmodulin as well as the calmodulin kinase II in cell membranes in the presence of high Ca 2+ concentrations.
First Order Phase Transitions as Radiation Processes

This paper presents new experimental evidence of the PeTa effect—infrared characteristic radiation under first order phase transitions, especially the crystallization of melts and the deposition and condensation of vapours/gases. The PeTa effect describes the transient radiation that a particle (i.e., atom, molecule or/and cluster) emits transient radiation during a transition from a meta-stable higher energetic level (in a super-cooled melt or a super-saturated vapour) to the stable condensed lower level (in a crystal or a liquid). The radiation removes latent heat with photons of characteristic frequencies that are generated under this transition. The abbreviation “PeTa effect” means Perel’man-Tatartchenko’s effect.
Refractive Errors among Administrative Staff of Senior High Schools in the Kumasi Metropolis

Introduction: Studies in other parts of the world show refractive error as a notable cause of visual impairment. Ghana is not an exception to these findings. Objective: This study focused on determining the types and prevalence of refractive errors among administrative staff of selected senior high schools in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in which 120 administrative staff from 10 randomly selected public senior high schools was conducted. Information collected from participants included demographics and ocular and medical history. Eye health assessment included visual acuity, examination of external eye structures, direct ophthalmoscopy, and refraction. Refractive error diagnosis was made in the event of pinhole acuity being better than participant’s habitual vision in either eye or both. Descriptive statistics was employed and a p-value<0.05 was considered significant for the study.Results: Oculo-visual symptoms reported included teary eyes, headache, blur vision and double vision. The overall prevalence of refractive error was 30.8%; hyperopia, myopia, and astigmatism with prevalence figures of 17.5%, 10.8% and 2.5% respectively.Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive error was considerably high among this group of workers. These workers would benefit from vision screening programmes and refractive error correction if made available to them.
Finite-temperature phase structure of SU(4) gauge theory with multiple fermion representations

We investigate the phase structure of SU(4) gauge theory with the gauge field simultaneously coupled to two flavors of fermion in the fundamental representation and two flavors of fermion in the two-index antisymmetric representation. We find that the theory has only two phases, a low-temperature phase with both species of fermion confined and chirally broken, and a high-temperature phase with both species of fermion deconfined and chirally restored. The single phase transition in the theory appears to be first order, in agreement with theoretical predictions.
TPM Vol

This study analyzes mobbing, a particularly relevant phenomenon nowadays, as the attention given by media shows. The research involved the users of a trade union’s anti-mobbing window set up in an Italian town in 2006, with the aim to provide assistance and support to the workers seeking help. After an examination of the literature, the models, causes, and effects of mobbing on the individuals, their families, and the organization, we presented the intervention methodology implemented at the window. The intervention envisaged an initial interview, administering the Leyman Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT; Leymann, 1990) adapted by Ege (2002; LIPT Ege), and determining the professional harm that mobbing causes. A qualitative and quantitative analysis provided a snapshot of mobbing regarding the data collected through the LIPT on a sample of 106 workers, and identified possible areas of intervention from a psychological and legal point of view.
Changes in hyphal morphology due to chitosan treatment in some fungal species

In this work, changes in the hyphal morphology due to chitosan treatment in some fungal species were studied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations revealed that chitosans with molar fraction of acetyl groups (FA 0.16 and 0.18) and degree of polymerization (DP 1,089 and 1,242) had a direct effect on the morphology of the chitosan-treated fungi, reflecting its potential for causing a delay in the growth of Alternaria alternata (500 µg × mL-1), Botrytis cinerea (1,000 µg × mL-1), Penicillium expansum (1,000 µg × mL-1) and Rhizopus stolonifer (500 µg × mL-1). Mycelial aggregation and structural changes such as excessive branching, swelling of the cell wall and hyphae size reduction were observed in the micrographs.
utritional quality indices of milk fat from goats on diets upplemented with different roughages

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritional indices of milk fat of 1/2 Boer × Saanen goats on diets supplemented with three roughages. Eighteen goats under a semi-intensive system were divided into groups, and fed an ad libitum supplement of sorghum silage, maize silage or mulberry hay. Nutritional indices were determined from three milk samples taken during winter (August) and spring–summer (average of November and December). Using mixed statistical models, the animal error was computed as a random effect. The season and supplement were fixed. The winter season was markedly better for all variables (P < 0.01), while short-chain fatty acids did not change (P > 0.05). Interactions only occurred between the thrombogenic index and the C12:0/C10:0 ratio, where the higher values that are potentially more harmful to human health were obtained in the spring–summer season in animals fed maize silage, followed by the averages of other treatments during the same season. The values for unsaturated fatty acids, atherogenic index and thrombogenic index indicated differences between supplements, with better values for goats fed with sorghum silage and mulberry hay. Grazing Boer × Saanen goats supplemented with mulberry hay or sorghum silage provided milk with better lipid indices for the prevention of human coronary diseases.
Moringa oleifera some Serum biochemical parameters in wistar rats

In Nigeria, herbal medicine has become part of the peoples' culture with about half of the population relying on traditional medicine (Geidam et al., 2007), preparations from plants have given hope to many in the quest for treating old and emerging diseases that have defied many orthodox drugs, hence, the need to incorporate traditional medicine to our modern health care services. Plant medicines are known to be safe and better for human health than the synthetic drugs (Kilham, 1999). One of such plants is in which indigenous Moringa oleifera people have found much success in using various parts of the tree to cure many diseases and physical ailments (Fahey, 2005). The plant is known to be a natural antihelmintic, antibiotic, detoxifier and immune booster and is used in many countries to treat malnutrition and malaria (Ramachadran et al., 1980). Also, the juice from the leaves is believed to stabilize blood pressure, the flowers are used to cure inflammations, the pulps are used for joint pain, the roots are used to treat rheumatism and the bark can be chewed to aid in digestion (Ram, 1994).
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND HEAVY METAL CONTENT OF MANGOES (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) CULTIVATED IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF PAKISTAN

The present study was carried out to evaluate the physico-chemical attributes and heavy metal content of 4 popular mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties viz., Dusahri, Chaunsa, Ratol and Langra grown in Multan (MUL), Rahim Yar Khan (RYK) and Mir Pur Khas (MPK), three major districts of Pakistan. Ash content, total soluble solid (TSS), pH and titratable acidity significantly (p<0.0.5) varied among these varieties. Langra, collected from MUL showed the highest ash % with relatively lower pH and TSS. The results indicated a substantial build-up of macro (Na, K, Ca, P) and micro (Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, and Pb) elements in the selected mango varieties. Mango varieties collected from MUL showed a higher concentration of these metals as compared to other regions which may be attributed to irrigation from industrial effluents and sewage water. This study concludes that the levels of heavy metals in tested Pakistani mango varieties are higher than the safe limits laid down by World Health Organization (WHO) and need regular monitoring both at the farm and the table.
ROMANIAN OCHTOECHOI AND SIMILARITIES TO MIDDLE EASTERN MODES AND PRACTICES: A CASE STUDY (PART I)

This two-part article will try to capture, trace and analyze the Byzantine musical modes, as they appeared at a brief moment, some nineteen hundred years later, in a specific geographical place, a former part of the Byzantium Empire. We will try to compare the Church modes, as they appear in two Romanian Seminary textbooks, published one in 1900 and the other one in 1939 to other modal structures developed in the heartland of Eastern Christianity, the Middle East.