Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mice With Partial Deletion of Y-Heterochromatin Exhibits Stress Vulnerability

The role of Y chromosome in sex determination and male fertility is well established. It is also known that infertile men are prone to psychological disturbances. Earlier studies in the laboratory identified genes expressed in testes that are putatively regulated by Y chromosome in man and mouse. With the availability of a Y-deleted mouse model, that is subfertile, we studied the effect of a partial deletion of Y-chromosomal heterochromatin on mouse behavior when compared to its wild type. The partial Y-deleted mice exhibited anxiety like phenotype under stress when different anxiety (open field test and elevated plus maze, EPM test) and depression related tests (tail suspension and force swim) were performed. The mutant mice also showed reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis and altered expression of neurogenesis markers such as Nestin, Sox2, Gfap, NeuroD1 and Dcx using quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) analysis. The genes with altered expression contained short stretches of homology to Y-derived transcripts only in their Untranslated Regions (UTRs). Our study suggests putative regulation of these genes by the Y chromosome in mouse brain altering stress related behavior.
Counseling and Psychology Student Experiences of Personal Therapy: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis

Background: Committing to attendance at personal therapy sessions is frequently either mandated or encouraged in many different types of therapeutic trainings across allied health, psychotherapy, social work and counseling. The small number of published accounts have indicated that student experiences of personal therapy can be mixed. Methods: The project examined contemporary interview based research about student experience of personal therapy during training using Critical Interpretive Synthesis method. Ten papers were found which met the search criteria. The papers included a total of 89 participants (75 F). Results: The results comprised 12 themes derived from 89 meaning units gleaned from student experiences presented in the research studies. These were used to inform a synthesizing statement here truncated as follows: Beginning therapy is challenging for some students, especially when attendance is mandatory. However, students can experience transformative change by the end of the process, even if they commence the work in a guarded way. Multiple problems can arise in the process of attending therapy as a student, and it can be difficult for a student to know what to do if these challenges are overwhelming. Attending personal therapy brings rich learnings which can be applied in clinical work but can also positively impact learning in the course, and lifelong personal development. The process can enhance the student's understanding of what the client may experience in the therapeutic journey. Conclusions: Attending personal therapy during training is not a straightforward process for all students. Course leaders and trainers need to be mindful of the possibility that students will struggle with the personal therapy requirement. Course and professional bodies should regularly review personal therapy requirements, being clear about the aims; remaining attuned to the student experience.
Posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy through lamina–hole approach for cervical intervertebral disc herniation

Abstract Background: The optimal PECD surgical approach for cervical intervertebral disc herniation (CIVDH) remains controversial. The conventional posterior K-hole approach for PECD leads to damage of facet joint. Objectives: This article is to first describe a novel posterior lamina–hole approach of percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD) for CIVDH. The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and short-term clinical effect of this approach. Methods: Single-center retrospective observational study of all patients managed with posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PPECD) using the lamina–hole approach for symptomatic single-level CIVDH between January 2015 and January 2016. The clinical outcomes were evaluated with the visual analog scale, modified MacNab criteria and radiographical results. Results: Twelve patients (seven women, five men) were enrolled in the study. Positive clinical response for pain relief was achieved in these patients receiving PPECD through lamina–hole approach for CIVDH. Postoperative MRI showed complete removal of the disc material in all the patients, no failure due to residual fragment was observed. Conclusion: As an alternative surgical approach of PPECD, PPECD through lamina–hole approach is a novel access for CIVDH and may be considered a valid and safe therapeutic option for CIVDH. The advantages of this approach are not only providing a valid and secure access to herniated cervical intervertebral fragment but also avoiding the iatrogenic damage to the facet joint and relevant functional spinal unit (FSU). Theoretically, the potential of secondary degeneration of FSU is low.
TRBAC

Role-based access control (RBAC) models are receiving increasing attention as a generalized approach to access control. Roles may be available to users at certain time periods, and unavailable at others. Moreover, there can be temporal dependencies among roles. To tackle such dynamic aspects, we introduce Temporal-RBAC (TRBAC), an extension of the RBAC model. TRBAC supports periodic role enabling and disabling---possibly with individual exceptions for particular users---and temporal dependencies among such actions, expressed by means of role triggers. Role trigger actions may be either immediately executed, or deferred by an explicitly specified amount of time. Enabling and disabling actions may be given a priority, which is used to solve conflicting actions. A formal semantics for the specification language is provided, and a polynomial safeness check is introduced to reject ambiguous or inconsistent specifications. Finally, a system implementing TRBAC on top of a conventional DBMS is presented.
Quaternary structure of the small amino acid transporter OprG from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes nosocomial infections. The P. aeruginosa outer membrane contains specific porins that enable substrate uptake, with the outer membrane protein OprG facilitating transport of small, uncharged amino acids. However, the pore size of an eight-stranded β-barrel monomer of OprG is too narrow to accommodate even the smallest transported amino acid, glycine, raising the question of how OprG facilitates amino acid uptake. Pro-92 of OprG is critically important for amino acid transport, with a P92A substitution inhibiting transport and the NMR structure of this variant revealing that this substitution produces structural changes in the barrel rim and restricts loop motions. OprG may assemble into oligomers in the outer membrane (OM) whose subunit interfaces could form a transport channel. Here, we explored the contributions of the oligomeric state and the extracellular loops to OprG's function. Using chemical cross-linking to determine the oligomeric structures of both WT and P92A OprG in native outer membranes and atomic force microscopy, and single-molecule fluorescence of the purified proteins reconstituted into lipid bilayers, we found that both protein variants form oligomers, supporting the notion that subunit interfaces in the oligomer could provide a pathway for amino acid transport. Furthermore, performing transport assays with loop-deleted OprG variants, we found that these variants also can transport small amino acids, indicating that the loops are not solely responsible for substrate transport. We propose that OprG functions as an oligomer and that conformational changes in the barrel–loop region might be crucial for its activity.
Meta-analysis of correlationship between HLA-G 3′UTR 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism and virus susceptibility

Background: There is a considerable amount of literature on the potential relationship between human leukocyte antigen-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism and virus infection; however, results from these studies were inconclusive. Objectives: A meta-analysis was carried out to determine whether the 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism is a susceptible factor for virus infection. Methods: Data were extracted from PubMed and Web of Science databases, and included 10 case–control studies (1835 patients and 2357 controls). Results: A total of 177 records from 10 studies were retrieved. Overall, no significant correlation was found between HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism and total viruses under all genetic models (dominant model: OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.68–1.29; recessive model: OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.84–1.48; deletion/deletion (DD) vs insertion/insertion (II): OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.71–1.49; deletion (D) vs insertion (I): OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.81–1.25). However, further subgroup analyses by virus type and ethnicity revealed that HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism was significantly associated with HTLV-1 infection in mixed population under the dominant model. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism may not have any effect on susceptibility to viruses.
Associations of sirtuins with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in non–small cell lung cancer

Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and it is critical to discover specific biomarkers to provide better individualized treatment and subsequently better prognosis. The sirtuins (SIRT1–7) have been reported to be involved in cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NCSLC), however, the results are not consistent and not all the seven sirtuins are explored and compared. Methods TCGA data was downloaded and used to investigate and compare the associations of sirtuins mRNA levels with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in NSCLC. Results Our results suggested SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT7 were highly expressed in adeno-carcinoma (ADC) patients and female patients while SIRT5 were highly expressed in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients and male patients. Associations of high SIRT7 with younger onset age, high SIRT1 with distant metastasis and low T stage, and high SIRT4 with high T stage and TNM stage were also found. Kaplan-Meier plot curves and univariate Cox proportional regression analyses indicated that high SIRT2, SIRT4, and SIRT6 expressions were associated with longer overall survival (OS) time. Multivariate analyses indicated that SIRT2 and SIRT6 were still associated with OS. For recurrence-free survival (RFS), high SIRT1 expression was significantly associated with shorter RFS time while high SIRT2-3 and SIRT5-7 expressions were associated with longer RFS time in univariate analyses. After adjusting the confounding factors, significant associations were still found in SIRT1-2 and SIRT5-7 but not in SIRT3. We also stratified the patients by combining SIRT1 and SIRT2 and revealed that the combination of SIRT1 and SIRT2 was a better prediction model for RFS in NSCLC. To preliminarily understand the potential mechanisms of sirtuins in NSCLC carcinogenesis, the genes co-expressed with sirtuins were analyzed and annotated. Conclusion sirtuins might be the potential therapy targets and prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC.
Variable pollen viability and effects of pollen load size on components of seed set in cultivars and feral populations of oilseed rape

Pollination success is important for crop yield, but may be cultivar dependent. Less is known about which floral traits influence pollination success. Floral traits, e.g. traits related to attraction and reward, can also contribute to gene flow via pollen, the latter being of particular importance in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) where gene flow occurs between plants of crop, volunteer and feral origin as well as related taxa. We investigated the relationship between pollen load size and seed set in winter oilseed rape. We compared variability in pollen-viability traits, flower production (flowers from the main raceme times number of branches) and seed number and weight per siliqua among cultivars and feral populations (growing outside of agricultural fields) under controlled conditions. Both seed number and weight were saturated at relatively low pollen loads in the tested cultivar. Pollen viability and estimated flower production differed among cultivars, indicating that these traits could contribute to yield variability. Seed weight per siliqua, but not pollen traits or flower production, was lower in ferals compared to cultivars. Thus, while the probability of establishment may be reduced in ferals (due to lower seed weight per siliqua) this will not necessarily impact their contribution to gene flow via pollen. In oilseed rape a relatively low pollen load may be sufficient for full seed set in some cultivars, suggesting less dependence on insect pollination for high yield than generally expected. Our results also showed that previously less investigated floral traits, such as pollen viability, pollen tube growth rate and flower number, can differ between cultivars. Studies of these traits may provide targets for increasing crop yield and provide general knowledge about gene flow between cultivated, feral and related wild populations.
Aging alters the epigenetic asymmetry of HSC division

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) balance self-renewal and differentiation to maintain homeostasis. With aging, the frequency of polar HSCs decreases. Cell polarity in HSCs is controlled by the activity of the small RhoGTPase cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42). Here we demonstrate—using a comprehensive set of paired daughter cell analyses that include single-cell 3D confocal imaging, single-cell transplants, single-cell RNA-seq, and single-cell transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq)—that the outcome of HSC divisions is strongly linked to the polarity status before mitosis, which is in turn determined by the level of the activity Cdc42 in stem cells. Aged apolar HSCs undergo preferentially self-renewing symmetric divisions, resulting in daughter stem cells with reduced regenerative capacity and lymphoid potential, while young polar HSCs undergo preferentially asymmetric divisions. Mathematical modeling in combination with experimental data implies a mechanistic role of the asymmetric sorting of Cdc42 in determining the potential of daughter cells via epigenetic mechanisms. Therefore, molecules that control HSC polarity might serve as modulators of the mode of stem cell division regulating the potential of daughter cells.
Necrotizing Otitis Externa-Analysis of 83 Cases: Clinical Findings and Course of Disease.

OBJECTIVES Evaluate the relationship between clinical findings and course of disease among patients with necrotizing otitis externa (NOE). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series review. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Adult patients with no previous history of chronic ear disease, hospitalized due to NOE between the years 1990 to 2015. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 1) Duration of hospitalization and 2) necessity for surgery. RESULTS Eighty-one patients were included in the study, corresponding to 83 effected ears. Thirty-two patients (38.5%) were hospitalized longer than 20 days and 20 patients (24.0%) underwent surgery. Otalgia was the most common complaint (n = 71, 85.5%). Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA) was the most common isolated bacteria (n = 40, 48.1%). Shifting incidence of culture results was noted, as rates of PA NOE decreased and rates of sterile culture and fungal NOE increased. Duration of complaints and presence of aural discharge at admission were associated with prolonged hospitalization (p = 0.010, p = 0.011, respectively). Advanced age, duration of hospitalization, and rates of readmission were associated with surgery (p = 0.037, p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Duration of complaints and presence of aural discharge may indicate advanced NOE and require longer in-hospital treatment. Elderly patients are at increased risk for conservative treatment failure and are more likely to require surgery. With shifting incidence of pathogens, a wider empirical treatment covering nontraditional pathogens should be considered.
Safety of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the US vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS), 2009–2017

AIMS Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines prevent infection with oncogenic virus types. We analysed reports to the US Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) of adverse events (AE) following bivalent HPV vaccine (2vHPV). METHODS We conducted descriptive analysis of 2vHPV reports, reviewed individual reports, calculated crude AE reporting rates and conducted empirical Bayesian data mining. RESULTS Of 241 2vHPV reports, 158 were in females, 64 in males (2vHPV is approved for females only) and 19 with unknown sex; 95.8% were classified as nonserious. Dizziness, headache, nausea and injection site reactions were the most common symptoms. Crude AE reporting rates were 33.3 reports per 100 000 doses distributed overall, and 1.4 per 100 000 for serious reports. Empirical Bayesian data mining identified disproportional reporting for three types of medical errors; assessment indicated findings that were probably driven by inadvertent 2vHPV use in males. CONCLUSIONS We did not identify any new or unexpected safety concerns in our review of 2vHPV reports to VAERS.
Cutavirus DNA in Malignant and Nonmalignant Skin of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma and Organ Transplant Patients but Not of Healthy Adults.

BACKGROUND Three new parvoviruses of Protoparvovirus genus, bufavirus (BuV), tusavirus (TuV), and cutavirus (CuV), have recently been discovered in diarrheal stools. CuV was further detected in a proportion of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)/mycosis fungoides skin samples and in one melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS With novel multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction and antibody assays, we studied 3 patient groups for BuV, TuV, and CuV DNA and immunoglobulin G (IgG): CTCL patients, immunosuppressed solid-organ transplant recipients, and immunocompetent healthy adults. RESULTS CuV DNA was detected in skin biopsies of 4/25 (16.0%) CTCL and 4/136 (2.9%) transplant patients but not in any of 159 skin samples of 98 healthy adults. The dermal CuV-DNA prevalence was significantly higher in CTCL patients than in the other subjects. CuV DNA was further detected in healthy skin of 4 organ transplant recipients, 2 of whom also had CuV-positive skin carcinomas. One CTCL patient harbored CuV DNA in both malignant (CTCL, melanoma) and nonmalignant skin and sentinel lymph nodes but not in his prostate. The CuV IgG seroprevalences were among CTCL patients 9.5% (4/42), transplant recipients 6.5% (8/124), and healthy adults 3.8% (3/78). BuV and TuV DNAs were absent and antibodies infrequent in all cohorts. Parvoviral antibodies were shown to persist for ≥20 years and dermal CuV DNA for 4 years. All 3 CuV-DNA-positive patients, with both biopsies and sera available, were CuV-IgG positive. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dermal CuV DNA carriage is associated with CTCL. Any putative roles of CuV in the carcinogenesis must be determined in forthcoming studies.
Evaluation of Dermal Exposure to the Herbicide Alachlor Among Vegetable Farmers in Thailand

Vegetable farmers applying the herbicide alachlor may be highly exposed through dermal contact when spraying. Dermal patches were attached to 10 locations on the farmers' skin when they mixed and applied alachlor in vegetable farming areas in Thailand. Measurements were made on farmers using either a backpack sprayer with a 2 stroke gasoline motor and fan or a battery operated pump. Forty-seven vegetable farmers in Bungphra subdistrict of Thailand participated in this study. Both motorized and battery pump backpack sprayers wearing long-sleeve shirts had significantly lower alachlor concentrations on the dermal patches under their long-sleeve shirts compared to those who wore only short-sleeve shirts, regardless of the sprayer type. Moreover, sprayers wearing long pants had significantly lower alachlor concentrations on dermal patches placed under the pants on the lower legs than those wearing short pants, regardless of the sprayer type. The highest estimated alachlor exposures were found on the upper legs (median = 9.29 µg/h) for those using a 2 stroke engine/fan backpack sprayer and on the lower legs (2.87 µg/h) for those using the battery operated pump backpack sprayer. The estimated total body alachlor exposures of applicators using the 2 stroke engine/fan backpack sprayer (219.48 µg/h) were significantly higher than those using the battery operated pump backpack sprayer (15.50 µg/h). Using long-sleeve shirts as personal protection reduced alachlor exposures for the arms 97-99% and wearing long pants reduced alachlor exposure to the legs for 81-99%. Thus, training about the protection provided by clothing choices would be one step in improving the health and safety of Thai farmers.
Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

Background and aims Our goal was to examine the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and gambling problems, and to identify potential mediating factors of this association. Methods This study used cross-sectional, community-based data from 7,403 people aged ≥16 years who participated in the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener. Problem gambling was assessed using a questionnaire based on the 10 DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling. Respondents were classified as having no problem, at-risk, or problem gambling. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted to analyze the association between ADHD symptoms (i.e., ASRS score ≥14) and problem gambling and the role of several variables in this association. Results The prevalence of at-risk (5.3% vs. 2.4%) and problem gambling (2.4% vs. 0.6%) was higher in individuals with ADHD symptoms than in those without ADHD symptoms. ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with both at-risk (OR = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.22–3.79) and problem gambling (OR = 3.57; 95% CI = 1.53–8.31) when adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity. Common mental disorders (CMDs; i.e., depression and anxiety disorders) (mediated percentage = 22.4%), borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits (22.1%), stressful life events (13.2%), stress at work or home (12.6%), alcohol dependence (11.8%), and impulsivity (11.2%) were significant mediators in the ADHD–gambling association. Discussion and conclusions Overall, ADHD symptoms were positively associated with problem gambling. CMDs, BPD traits, and stressful life events were important mediators in this relationship.