Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Study on Female Undergraduates' Attitudes and Perceptions of Entrepreneurship Development (Comparison Public and Private Universities in Ethiopia)

Female entrepreneurship is considered as an important tool in enabling female empowerment and emancipation. The main objective of this study is to investigate female undergraduate students’ attitudes toward the perceptions of entrepreneurship (Comparison Ethiopian Public and Private Universities). In the light of recent world events, this has become a crucial area to study and understand – especially with respect to, attitudes toward entrepreneur, motivations, constraints and consequences. The reason why final year female undergraduates are chosen for the current study is because they are at a period in their career development where they consider different career routes and are therefore, a potential source of future female entrepreneurs. For research design; cross-sectional, descriptive and inferential designs study were used in the study. In the study both primary and secondary data were used. Pertaining to data analysis the researchers had used both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques mainly descriptive analysis using percentages, tables and graphs deployed. While for inferential statistics distribution based analysis for nominal data type like chi-square, and multi-regression were used to test the statistically significant difference (independency) of variables, impacts of independent variables on dependent variable. As per output of these findings, there were different barriers that affect female undergraduates for not entering into entrepreneurship. The major barriers expected were, the responsibility of running a business too difficult, lack of ability to know how to access business information, difficulty to obtain the finance necessary and lack of a good business idea as an inhibitor to entrepreneurship, lack of experience to run a business and lack of the business skills required to run their own business. Therefore, in order to change their worries from different barriers, entrepreneurship subject and training on entrepreneurs’ successful characteristics are highly needed.
Roo t Cove rage Using a Porcine Collagen Matrix

technique (EFT) with the coronally advanced flap technique (CAF) using a porcine collagen matrix (PCM) for root coverage. Twenty patients with two bilateral gingival recessions, Miller class I or II on non-molar teeth were treated with CAF+PCM (control group) or EFT+PCM (test group). Clinical measurements of probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession height (RH), keratinized tissue height (KTH), keratinized mucosa thickness (KMT) were determined at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-surgery. At 6 months, the mean root coverage for test group was 81.89%, and for control group it was 62.80% (p<0.01). The change of recession depth from baseline was statistically significant between test and control groups, with an mean of 2.21 mm gained at the control sites and 2.84 mm gained at the test sites (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences for KTH, PPD or CAL comparing the two therapies. The extended flap technique presented better root coverage than the coronally advanced flap technique when PCM was used. A Random i z e d Compa r a t i v e S tudy o f Two Te chn ique s t o Op t im i z e t h e Roo t Cove rage Using a Porcine Collagen Matrix
An alternative evaluation method for Likert type attitude scales: Rough set data analysis

Likert scales are the most prevalent attitude scale. However, the fact that different items could be added up to produce same attitude values decreases the validity of the Likert scale results. Rough set data analysis could perhaps be conducted to overcome related limitations. Thus, this study seeks to investigate the employability of the rough set approach for the interpretation of Likert type attitude scales. Data was collected through a scale developed by using four sub-dimensions of the FennemaSherman mathematics attitude scale. In order to carry out the analysis, students were distributed to three groups of high, moderate and low in terms of their attitude to mathematics. Data was then converted to appropriate information tables for rough set analysis and lower and upper approximation sets were specified for these three groups. Accordingly, the potential membership of some students, who already belong to certain groups, to other groups was determined via rough sets. The mathematical value of to what extent each sub-dimension or any group can explain the total score was calculated. Through reduction of attributes, anxiety and usefulness sub-dimensions were found to be the indispensable sub-dimensions. The findings indicate that the rough set approximate can be used for the analysis of attitude scales.
Attitude towards the Environment and Green Products:Consumers’ Perspective

The current rapid growth in the economy and the patterns of consumers’ consumption and behavior worldwide are the main cause of environmental deterioration. As the environment continues to worsen, it has become a persistent public concern in the developed countries and has recently awakens developing countries to the green movement. This paper is essentially exploratory in nature and has two objectives. The first objective is to compare gender with attitudes towards the environment and green products. The second objective is to investigate the relationship between attitude towards the environment and green products. Result from the independent sample t-test shows that there were no significant differences between gender in their environmental attitudes and attitudes on green products. The rotated factor matrix validated the underlying dimensions of environmental attitudes into three major dimensions (environmental protection, government’s role, and personal norm). Results from the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that consumer attitudes on the government’s role and their personal norm towards the environment contributed significantly to their attitude on green product. Further investigation revealed that personal norm was the most important contributor to the attitude towards green product. However, environmental protection did not contribute significantly to consumers’ attitudes on green product.Keywords: Environmental attitude; green products; consumer behaviour; Malaysia
Flavonol 3O-Glycosides Series of Vitis vinifera Cv

Instituto Regional de Investigación Cientı́fica Aplicada, Escuela Universitaria de Ingenierı́a Técnica Agrı́cola, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain, Instituto de la Vid y el Vino de Castilla-La Mancha, Carretera de Albacete s/n, 13700 Tomelloso, Spain, and NMR & MS Department, SupraMolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
Parent-Child Dynamics in Community Conferences — Some Questions for Reintegrative Shaming, Practice and Restorative Justice

Abstract This paper discusses two aspects of Crime, Shame and Reintegration (Braithwaite, 1989) concerning the parents of young offenders in reintegrative shaming ceremonies. First, the paper tackles Braithwaite's assumption that parents of young offenders are substantively similar to any other participants in the ceremony. Two sources of evidence are drawn upon: psychology literature regarding parental self-efficacy (Bandura, 1989; Coleman & Karraker, 1997) and qualitative observations of 34 community conferences in Tasmania, to suggest that in community conferences parents are likely to feel personally judged by other adult participants and even “on trial”. Second, the paper considers the dangers inherent in Braithwaite's assertion that directing shame at parents of young offenders can be conducive to reintegrative shaming. The dangers discussed include the stigmatisation of parents, in some cases critical damage to the confidence of parents in their parenting abilities, and the disruption of parent-child relationships. Ultimately, shaming parents may worsen the environment of the young offender concerned.
Biochemical status of vitamin A in colorectal cancer

Serum vitamin A and its carrier proteins, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin, were measured in 41 colorectal cancer patients, 40 patients with benign colorectal disease, and 31 healthy subjects. Serum samples were obtained from the Mayo Clinic (NCI-Serum diagnostic Bank, Rochester, MN), The values for each of the three parameters were significantly lower in colorectal cancer patients than in healthy subjects but were litte1e different from the val ues seen in patients with benign disease.
Talent workers as entrepreneurs: a new approach to aspirational self-employment

Using the concept of so-called talent workers (Hsieh et al. 2016), we ask what is the link between wage employment as a talent worker and subsequent establishing of business. Individuals with tertiary education and experience in specific occupations skills are in principle more likely to develop or adopt innovations necessary for the entrepreneurial success. We employ over a decade of individual level data on changes in the labor market status for Poland – a country with high levels of self-employment and analyze transitions to self-employment as opposed to switching jobs. We find that talent workers are more likely to become self-employed than to change a job. We also find that the odds of creating more than one job position are higher among talent workers who switch to self-employment than among other groups of workers who become self-employed. These results are robust to two possibly confounding effects – within sector mobility and higher productivity of workers before entering self-employment.
What Should the Consumer Care about 3G Value-Added Services?

As the market competition becomes increasingly intensive, and the profit from traditional voice services margins gradually declines. 3G telecom operators must provide various value-added services and enhance the ARPU (average revenue per user) depending on the consumer behavioral intentions. Therefore, this study uses the TAM (technology acceptance model) as the foundation to further understand consumer’s behavioral intention to use 3G value-added services. After reviewing almost all the previous related papers, this study develops a conceptual model of customer adoption. The following conclusions can be reached from the research findings: (1) Twelve important factors are proposed, which are named perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived security, perceived price, use experience, perceived enjoyment, need for uniqueness, social influence, context and compatibility, gender, age and income; (2) The factors are separated to six types, including general perceptions, sacrifice perceptions, psychographics, applicability, social influence, demographics.
One Share, One Vote: The Empirical Evidence

We survey the empirical literature on disproportional ownership, i.e. the use of mechanisms that separate voting rights from cash flow rights in corporations. Our focus is mostly on explicit mechanisms that allow some shareholders to acquire control with less than proportional economic interest in the firm (dual-class equity structures, stock pyramids, cross-ownership, etc.), but we also briefly discuss other mechanisms, such as takeover defenses and fiduciary voting. We provide a broad overview of different areas in this literature and highlight problems of interpretation that may arise because of empirical difficulties. We outline potentially promising areas for future research.
1 Pre-stimulus alpha oscillations over somatosensory cortex predict tactile misperceptions Abbreviated title : Pre-stimulus α and peri-threshold touch

Fluctuations of pre-stimulus oscillatory activity in the somatosensory alpha band (8-14 Hz) observed using human EEG and MEG have been shown to influence the detection of supraand peri-threshold somatosensory stimuli. However, some reports of touch occur even without a stimulus. We investigated the possibility that pre-stimulus alpha oscillations might also influence these false reports of touch – known as tactile misperceptions. We recorded EEG while participants performed the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT), in which participants must detect brief, peri-threshold somatosensory targets. We found that prestimulus oscillatory power in the somatosensory alpha range exhibited a negative linear relationship with reporting of touch at electrode clusters over both contralateral and ipsilateral somatosensory regions. As pre-stimulus alpha power increased, the probability of reporting a touch declined; as it decreased, the probability of reporting a touch increased. This relationship was stronger on trials without a somatosensory stimulus than on trials with a somatosensory stimulus, although was present for both trial types. Spatio-temporal clusterbased permutation analysis also found that pre-stimulus alpha was lower on trials when touch was reported – irrespective of whether it was present – over contralateral and ipsilateral somatosensory cortices, as well as left frontocentral areas. We argue that alpha power may reflect changes in response criterion rather than sensitivity alone. Low alpha power relates to a low barrier to reporting a touch even when one is not present, while high alpha power is linked to less frequent reporting of touch overall.
Final author response to “ Evaluation of terrestrial pan-Arctic carbon cycling using a data-assimilation system ”

We thank the two reviewers for their ideas and suggestions to improve this paper. We have carefully considered them all and changed our manuscript accordingly. In the following we include a point-by-point response to the reviews, and attached a marked-up manuscript version showing the differences to the initially submitted version. Please note that the line numbers point to the non-marked manuscript.
Daily Price Cycles and Constant Margins: Recent Events in Canadian Gasoline Retailing

Abstract Retail gasoline pricing in Canada has typically followed certain distinct patterns, ranging from long durations of price rigidity relative to wholesale prices to daily price cycles. This paper examines recent changes to pricing patterns in Canadian cities resulting in new equilibrium behavior, and discusses possible reasons for these changes. Using high frequency retail price data obtained from GasBuddy.com, it is demonstrated that volatility changes exhibited in Toronto appear to correspond to an increased frequency of the price cycle, and replacement of the cycle with fixed retail margins. While multiple factors may have contributed to the first pricing change, the second change corresponds closely to a refinery fire in southern Ontario; this temporary event (in conjunction with a rail strike and refinery maintenance) could have triggered a permanent change in equilibrium behavior. This paper also illustrates problems for academic researchers and policymakers when using low frequency price data to analyze pricing in a market characterized by a price cycle.
Effects of two drip-irrigation regimes on sap flow, water potential and leaf photosynthetic activity of mature olive trees

We evaluated the potential of sap flow values estimated from records with the heat dissipation method for irrigation in an olive orchard (Olea europaea L, cv. Meski) near Enfidha, Tunisia. Trees were cultivated at 7 × 7 m spacing. Two drip irrigation treatments were imposed using the sap flow and the FAO methods. The two treatments were irrigated by 100% of crop evaptranspiration (ETc). T1: ETc measured by the sap flow method and T2: ETc estimated by the FAO method. Sap flow, leaf and stem water potentials, leaf photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were recorded in representative trees from both treatments, during the full irrigation season from April to August. Results showed that the irrigation dose calculated from T2, based on FAO method compared to the T1, based on sap flow decreased by about 25%. Under T1 irrigation scheduling strategy, the daily transpiration decreased by 20% and consequently the water potentials were decreased significantly. Infect, olive trees under T1 were moderately stressed and subsequently leaf gas exchange parameters were affected by about 15%. Key words: Sap flow, water potential, leaf photosynthetic activity, olive tree, Olea europaea irrigation scheduling.
Consumers attitude towards local rice production and consumption in Ondo State, Nigeria

The Nigerian soils are well adapted to the production of rice. In all the ecological zones of the country, rice production is well entrenched. Despite their favourable soil and ecological conditions for rice production, Nigerians still spend substantial proportions of their earnings on imported rice. Why? It is against this backdrop that this study was carried out in Ondo State, Nigeria to investigate the consumers’ attitude towards local rice. Two Local Government Areas (LGAs) were selected for the study and from each, two communities were randomly selected. Five wards from each community were selected, from where five respondents per ward were interviewed. The results showed that 93% of the respondents consumed local rice but only 26% consumed more of local rice than the imported. Also, 42% of the respondents consumed local rice for its relative cheaper price in addition, 80% of the respondents purchased their rice from the market while 82% spent less than 24% of their income on rice consumption. The attitude of the respondents from the study showed that, they were indifferent in their preference of local rice to imported rice, but they showed unfavourable attitudes towards importation of rice at the expense of the locally produced one given the favourable natural resources at the nation’s disposal. It was recommended that, since the people desired an improvement in the production of local rice, the improvement would likely be in the area of processing which has much to be desired compared with the imported in terms of neatness and attractiveness, efforts must therefore, be made to make the rice more attractive. This can be accomplished by adopting the use of much improved technology. Key words: Consumers, attitude, rice, consumption, production.
BETWEEN THE PERIPHERAL IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THE BRAIN

39 Abstract—A consequence of normal aging is a greater susceptibility to memory impairments following an immune challenge such as infection, surgery, or traumatic brain injury. The neuroinflammatory response, produced by these challenges results in increased and prolonged production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the otherwise healthy aged brain. Here we discuss the mechanisms by which long-lasting elevations in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus produce memory impairments. Sensitized microglia are a primary source of this exaggerated neuroinflammatory response and appear to be a hallmark of the normal aging brain. We review the current understanding of the causes and effects of normal aging-induced microglial sensitization, including dysregulations of the neuroendocrine system, potentiation of neuroinflammatory responses following an immune challenge, and the impairment of memories. We end with a discussion of therapeutic approaches to prevent these deleterious effects. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Hippocampus. 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IBRO.
HyDRa: Vortex Polishing with a Deterministic Hydrodynamic Radial Polishing Tool

This work presents the deterministic hydrodynamic polishing system (HyDRa (HyDRa­ dynamic Radial Polishing Tool) based on a polishing tool developed at the Instituto de UNAM. HyDRa is one of several modern deterministic polishing techniques that allow for computer controlled finishing of complex optical surfaces. The HyDRa system is based on a hydrodynamic polishing tool that generates a variable­density abra­ sive flow that makes possible the production of high-quality optical surfaces of diverse materials. The tool comprises several stacked operational stages that generate a graz­ wing abrasive flow with a predictable, zero-force erosion footprint on the workpiece that removes material. A recent innovation to the hydrodynamic polishing tool adds a switch­ ing capacity to the tool that allows the polishing action to be interrupted at will, without losing the stability of the operating parameters. This further increases the versatility and performance of the tool, since it is now possible to polish only the areas where the surface needs correction. Pulsed polishing also adds several techniques to this polishing method that further increase the system’s versatility.
Marketing Channels Compete for U.S. Stocker Cattle

This study investigates the underlying reasons for a producer's choice of marketing channels for stocker cattle in the United States. In addition to traditional public auctions, private sales, video auctions, and Internet auctions have been recently used in the marketing of stocker cattle. Findings show that while the number of marketing options may have increased in recent years, only relatively large producers can actually take advantage of these options. The marketing options for smaller producers are still limited due to their relative size. Also, the number of cattle marketed privately and through video and Internet auctions is found to be positively correlated with herd size. In addition, the New Institutional Economics (NIE) provides insights into how herd size influences the choice of marketing channels.
J un 2 01 8 Core collapse with magnetic fields and rotation

We study the effects of magnetic fields and rotation on the core collapse of a star of an initial mass of M = 20M⊙ using axisymmetric simulations coupling special relativistic magnetohydrodynamics, an approximately relativistic gravitational potential, and spectral neutrino transport. We compare models of the same core with different, artificially added profiles of rotation and magnetic field. A model with weak field and slow rotation does not produce an explosion, while stronger fields and fast rotation open the possibility of explosions. Whereas the neutrino luminosities of the exploding models are the same as or even less than those of the non-exploding model, magnetic fields locally in equipartition with the gas pressure provide a strong contribution to the shock revival and the acceleration of bipolar outflows. Among the amplification processes generating such strong fields, we find the magneto-rotational instability. However, our limited grid resolution allows us to find it only in limited regions of the model with the strongest pre-collapse field (10 G) and fastest rotation. Magnetic fields and rotation 2