Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal and infant predictors of attendance at Neonatal Follow-Up programmes.

BACKGROUND Neonatal Follow-Up (NFU) programmes provide health services for families of infants at high risk of developmental problems following difficult or extremely premature birth: yet, up to 30% of families do not attend these programmes with their infants. METHODS The study objective was to determine maternal and infant factors that predicted attendance at NFU programmes. Utilizing Andersen's Behavioural Model of Health Services Use, a prospective two-phase multi-site descriptive cohort study was conducted in three Canadian Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) that refer to two affiliated NFU programmes. In Phase 1, 357 mothers completed standardized questionnaires that addressed maternal and infant factors, prior to their infants' NICU discharge. In Phase 2, attendance at NFU was followed at three time points over a 12-month period. Factors of interest included predisposing factors (e.g. demographic characteristics and social context); enabling factors (e.g. social support, travel distance, and income); and infant illness severity (i.e. needs factors). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio for each independent factor. RESULTS Mothers parenting alone, experiencing higher levels of worry about maternal alcohol or drug use, or at greater distances from NFU were less likely to attend. Mothers experiencing higher maternal stress at the time of the infant's NICU hospitalization were more likely to attend NFU. No infant factors were predictive of NFU attendance. CONCLUSIONS Mothers at risk of not attending NFU programmes with their infants require better identification, triage, referral and additional support to promote engagement with NFU programmes and improved quality of life for their high-risk infants.
Spontaneous external fistula of a hydatid liver cyst in a diabetic patient.

BACKGROUND The liver is the most common site of hydatid disease. Complications like cyst rupture and infection may occur, sites of rupture including: bile ducts, gastrointestinal tract, bronchi, peritoneal and pleural cavity. Rupture into the subcutaneous tissue followed by external fistula is an extremely rare complication. CASE REPORT A 71-year-old diabetic woman was referred for a progressive growing mass in the right hypochondrium, with a central fistula draining clear liquid with cystic elements and white membranes. No history of fever or jaundice was present. Abdominal ultrasound (followed by CT scan) revealed a liver hydatid cyst in the right lobe, in contact with the anterior abdominal wall, and a parietal fistula track. Cystic fluid exam showed protoscolices and serological ELISA test was positive for hydatid disease. At surgery, the lesion was approached through an incision starting from the fistula site. Partial cystectomy and external drainage of the residual cavity were performed. The fistula track was totally resected. After an uneventful recovery and six months of anti - parasitic treatment, the patient is symptoms- free (3 years after surgery). CONCLUSIONS Spontaneous cyst-cutaneous fistula is an extremely rare complication of hydatid liver cyst, usually occurring silently, in elder people. Surgery is required to achieve complete evacuation of the cyst contents and resolution of the residual cavity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the seventh case published, and the first one in the Romanian literature.
When Costs Are Unequal and Unknown: A Subtree Grafting Approach for Unbalanced Data Classification

In binary classifications, a decision tree learned from unbalanced data typically creates an important challenge related to the high misclassification rate of the minority class. Assigning different misclassification costs can address this problem, though usually at the cost of accuracy for the majority class. This effect can be particularly hazardous if the costs cannot be specified precisely. When the costs are unknown or difficult to determine, decision makers may prefer a classifier with more balanced accuracy for both classes rather than a standard or cost-sensitively learned one. In the context of learning trees, this research therefore proposes a new tree induction approach called subtree grafting (STG). On the basis of a real bank data set and several other data sets, we test the proposed STG method and find that our proposed approach provides a successful compromise between standard and cost-sensitive trees.
A proline-rich sequence unique to MEK1 and MEK2 is required for raf binding and regulates MEK function

Mammalian MEK1 and MEK2 contain a proline-rich (PR) sequence that is absent both from the yeast homologs Ste7 and Byr1 and from a recently cloned activator of the JNK/stress-activated protein kinases, SEK1/MKK4. Since this PR sequence occurs in MEKs that are regulated by Raf family enzymes but is missing from MEKs and SEKs activated independently of Raf, we sought to investigate the role of this sequence in MEK1 and MEK2 regulation and function. Deletion of the PR sequence from MEK1 blocked the ability of MEK1 to associate with members of the Raf family and markedly attenuated activation of the protein in vivo following growth factor stimulation. In addition, this sequence was necessary for efficient activation of MEK1 in vitro by B-Raf but dispensable for activation by a novel MEK1 activator which we have previously detected in fractionated fibroblast extracts. Furthermore, we found that a phosphorylation site within the PR sequence of MEK1 was required for sustained MEK1 activity in response to serum stimulation of quiescent fibroblasts. Consistent with this observation, we observed that MEK2, which lacks a phosphorylation site at the corresponding position, was activated only transiently following serum stimulation. Finally, we found that deletion of the PR sequence from a constitutively activated MEK1 mutant rendered the protein nontransforming in Rat1 fibroblasts. These observations indicate a critical role for the PR sequence in directing specific protein-protein interactions important for the activation, inactivation, and downstream functioning of the MEKs.
The Integration of Adult Acute Care Surgeons into Pediatric Surgical Care Models Supplements the Workforce without Compromising Quality of Care

Acute care of children remains a challenge due to a shortage of pediatric surgeons, particularly in rural areas. In our institutional norm, all cases in patients age six and older are managed by dedicated general surgeons. The provision of care to these children by these surgeons alleviates the impact of such shortages. We conducted a five-year retrospective analysis of all acute care pediatric surgical cases performed in patients aged 6 to 17 years by a dedicated group of adult general surgeons in a rural tertiary care hospital. Demographics, procedure, complications, outcomes, length of stay, and time of consultation/operation were obtained via chart review. Elective, trauma related, or procedures performed by a pediatric surgeon were excluded. Descriptive statistics are reported. A total of 397 cases were performed by six dedicated general surgeons during the study period. Mean age was 11.5 ± 3.1 years. In all, 100 (25.2%) were transferred from outlying facilities and 52.6 per cent of consultations/operations occurred at night (7P–7A), of which 33.2 per cent occurred during late night hours (11P–7A). On weekends, 34.0 per cent occurred. Appendectomy was the most commonly performed operation (n = 357,89.9%), of which 311 were laparoscopic (87.1%). Others included incision/drainage (4.5%), laparoscopic cholecystectomy (2.0%), bowel resection (1.5%), incarcerated hernia (0.5%), small bowel obstruction (0.5%), intraabdominal abscess drainage (0.3%), resection of intussusception (0.3%), Graham patch (0.3%), and resection omental torsion (0.3%). Median length of stay was two days. Complications occurred in 23 patients (5.8%), of which 22(5.5%) were the result of the disease process. These results parallel those published by pediatric surgeons in this age group and for the diagnoses treated. Models integrating dedicated general surgeons into pediatric call rotations can be designed such that quality of pediatric care is maintained while providing relief to an overburdened pediatric surgical workforce.
FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 6-24 BULAN DI KOTA BOGOR

Pertumbuhan anak merupakan salah satu indikator status gizi dan kesehatan dalam populasi untuk mencerminkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Stunting yaitu pertumbuhan linier yang terhambat dan merupakan hasil dari ketidakcukupan gizi dalam jangka waktu lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko stuntingpada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan desaincrossectional dengan subjek 360 anak usia 6-24 bulan di Kota Bogor. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari keadaan sosial ekonomi orang tua, yaitu pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan. Berat badan dan panjang badan lahir berdasarkan data yang diambil dari KMS dan buku KIA. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa stunting anak usia 6-24 bulan sebesar 18,60%, faktor risiko stunting, yaitu berat badan lahir rendah <2500 gram (p=0,000; OR=4,192;95% CI=1,900-9,247) dan pendidikan ayah rendah, yaitu ≤SMA (p=0,035; OR=1,807; 95%CI=1,042-3,133). Hal inimenunjukkan bahwa berat badan lahir rendah dan pendidikan ayah yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Kota Bogor.
Hyperconnectivity is a fundamental response to neurological disruption.

OBJECTIVE In the cognitive and clinical neurosciences, the past decade has been marked by dramatic growth in a literature examining brain "connectivity" using noninvasive methods. We offer a critical review of the blood oxygen level dependent functional MRI (BOLD fMRI) literature examining neural connectivity changes in neurological disorders with focus on brain injury and dementia. The goal is to demonstrate that there are identifiable shifts in local and large-scale network connectivity that can be predicted by the degree of pathology. We anticipate that the most common network response to neurological insult is hyperconnectivity but that this response depends upon demand and resource availability. METHOD To examine this hypothesis, we initially reviewed the results from 1,426 studies examining functional brain connectivity in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. Based upon inclusionary criteria, 126 studies were included for detailed analysis. RESULTS RESULTS from 126 studies examining local and whole brain connectivity demonstrated increased connectivity in traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis. This finding is juxtaposed with findings in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease where there is a shift to diminished connectivity as degeneration progresses. CONCLUSION This summary of the functional imaging literature using fMRI methods reveals that hyperconnectivity is a common response to neurological disruption and that it may be differentially observable across brain regions. We discuss the factors contributing to both hyper- and hypoconnectivity results after neurological disruption and the implications these findings have for network plasticity.
Almost totally complex points on elliptic curves

Let F/F0 be a quadratic extension of totally real number fields, and let E be an elliptic curve over F which is isogenous to its Galois conjugate over F0. A quadratic extension M/F is said to be almost totally complex (ATC) if all archimedean places of F but one extend to a complex place of M . The main goal of this note is to provide a new construction of a supply of Darmon-like points on E, which are conjecturally defined over certain ring class fields of M . These points are constructed by means of an extension of Darmon’s ATR method to higher dimensional modular abelian varieties, from which they inherit the following features: they are algebraic provided Darmon’s conjectures on ATR points hold true, and they are explicitly computable, as we illustrate with a detailed example that provides numerical evidence for the validity of our conjectures.
The Infusion Rate of Mivacurium and Its Spontaneous Neuromuscular Recovery in Magnesium-Treated Parturients

Magnesium (Mg) enhances the activity of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs.However, no interaction between mivacurium and magnesium has been described. Therefore, we sought to determine the effect of the influence of Mg on the infusion rate of mivacurium and its spontaneous recovery. We studied 24 parturients who had undergone cesarean section under general anesthesia. Those who had been given MgSO (4) for the treatment of preeclampsia were assigned to the Mg group (n = 12), and the other normal parturients were assigned to the NonMg group (n = 12). In both groups, the train-of-four (TOF) response to stimuli of the ulnar nerve was measured at intervals of 15 s. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and succinylcholine. In both groups, a bolus dose of mivacurium 0.06 mg/kg was administered when the first twitch of TOF (T1) reached 100% after the succinylcholine injection. When the electromyographic response after mivacurium had recovered to approximately 5%-10% of the baseline, a continuous infusion of mivacurium was given to maintain 93%-97% neuromuscular blockade. The plasma concentration of Mg in blood of the Mg group was 4.0 1.0 mEq/L, higher than that (1.4 mEq/L) of the NonMg group (P < 0.01). The infusion rates of mivacurium of Mg and NonMg groups were 1.6 and 5.4 mEq [center dot] kg-1 [center dot] min (-1), respectively. In addition, the recovery indexes of the Mg and NonMg groups were 12.9 and 4.3 min, respectively. We conclude that a smaller dose of mivacurium should be infused to patients receiving Mg. Implications: Magnesium, used as a standard therapy for severe toxemia, may act to enhance muscle relaxants such as mivacurium, a short-acting drug used in general anesthesia. Among women undergoing a cesarean section who were given a magnesium pretreatment, the infusion rate of mivacurium required to obtain relaxation was lower than that among women who did not receive pretreatment. (Anesth Analg 1998;86:523-6)
Early transcriptional response pathways in Daphnia magna are coordinated in networks of crustacean‐specific genes

Natural habitats are exposed to an increasing number of environmental stressors that cause important ecological consequences. However, the multifarious nature of environmental change, the strength and the relative timing of each stressor largely limit our understanding of biological responses to environmental change. In particular, early response to unpredictable environmental change, critical to survival and fitness in later life stages, is largely uncharacterized. Here, we characterize the early transcriptional response of the keystone species Daphnia magna to twelve environmental perturbations, including biotic and abiotic stressors. We first perform a differential expression analysis aimed at identifying differential regulation of individual genes in response to stress. This preliminary analysis revealed that a few individual genes were responsive to environmental perturbations and they were modulated in a stressor and genotype‐specific manner. Given the limited number of differentially regulated genes, we were unable to identify pathways involved in stress response. Hence, to gain a better understanding of the genetic and functional foundation of tolerance to multiple environmental stressors, we leveraged the correlative nature of networks and performed a weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. We discovered that approximately one‐third of the Daphnia genes, enriched for metabolism, cell signalling and general stress response, drives transcriptional early response to environmental stress and it is shared among genetic backgrounds. This initial response is followed by a genotype‐ and/or condition‐specific transcriptional response with a strong genotype‐by‐environment interaction. Intriguingly, genotype‐ and condition‐specific transcriptional response is found in genes not conserved beyond crustaceans, suggesting niche‐specific adaptation.
An Essential Oil Blend Decreases Methane Emissions and Increases Milk Yield in Dairy Cows

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a commercial essential oil (EO) additive on milk production and methane (CH4) emissions from dairy cows. Early lactation Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were fed grass, whole crop wheat and corn silage total mixed ration. Cows were allocated to one of two experimental treatments: Control (no additive, CON) or 1 g/head/day of EO. Cows were housed in a free stall barn, split into two pens for the duration of the experiment. Two gas data loggers units used to measure CH4 emissions were provided per pen for the duration of the 22 week-long study. Milk yield was determined daily, and milk components were analyzed every two weeks. CH4 was recorded continuously, and daily values were tabulated. Body weight and body condition score were determined at the start and bi-weekly. Results were analyzed as a randomized complete block trial. In total, 149 cows participated in the study (76 CON, 73 EO). Milk yields were greater (P 0.05) by treatment. Yields of fat, protein, lactose, and solids were higher for EO fed cows (P < 0.05). CH4 output was reduced with the EO compared to the CON treatment (411 g/day vs 438 g/day; 13.8 g/L of milk vs 17.2 g/L of milk, P < 0.05) over the duration of the trial. There were no effects of treatment on reproductive performance or the occurrence of mastitis. Feeding EO to dairy cows reduced CH4 emissions whilst also increasing performance.
Prevalence of symptomatic urinary calculi in Kerman, Iran.

INTRODUCTION In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated the prevalence of symptomatic urinary calculi in Kerman, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 2431 citizens of Kerman were surveyed from September of 2005 to April 2006. The study population was selected by cluster method from 5 different areas, and 100 houses in each area were randomly approached. Questions on the urinary symptoms consisted of flank pain, urogenital pain, dysuria or any difficulty in urination, and alterations in urine color. Individuals with a suspicion of urinary calculi based on their symptoms were evaluated by physical examination, laboratory investigations, and plain abdominal radiography. Ultrasonography and intravenous urography were done if required to confirm the diagnoses. RESULTS Of 2431 individuals, 196 (8.1%) had symptoms in favor of urinary calculus diagnosis, of whom 47 (24.0%) had urinary calculi (prevalence of symptomatic urolithiasis was 1.9%). Of the patients, 35 (74.5%) were underweight. Compared to the other participants, the patients with urinary calculus were younger (P = .001) and a larger proportion of them had a positive family history of urinary calculi (14.9% versus 6.5%; P = .02) and were rug weavers and office employees. Dependency on opium and its derivative was significantly more frequent in patients with urinary calculi (25.5% versus 0.2%; P = .001). CONCLUSION This study showed that the prevalence of symptomatic urinary calculi in this hot and dry area is relatively high. According to our findings, the other factors including specific occupations, malnutrition, and substance use may also have influence on the rate of urinary calculus formation. Therefore, to prevention and early treatment of urinary calculi, evaluation of potential predisposing conditions should be considered with special attention to regional factors.
Results on Parabolic Equations Related to Some Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg Inequalities

In this paper problem \begin{equation}\label{lamadrenaturaleza} \left\{\! \! \! \begin{array}{ll} u_t-\Div(|x|^{-p\gamma}|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u) =\lambda\dfrac{u^{p-2}u}{|x|^{p(\gamma+1)}} \quad\hbox{in } \Omega\times(0,\infty),\ 0\in\Omega,\\ u(x,t)=0 \quad\hbox{on } \partial\Omega\times(0,\infty),\\[2pt] u(x,0)=\psi(x)\geq 0 \end{array} \right. \end{equation} is studied when $1 < p< N$, $-\infty < (\gamma+1) < \frac{N}{p}$, and under hypotheses on the initial data.
Comparative Analysis of Different Methods of Modeling the Thermal Effect of Circulating Blood Flow During RF Cardiac Ablation

Our aim was to compare the different methods of modeling the effect of circulating blood flow on the thermal lesion dimensions created by radio frequency (RF) cardiac ablation and on the maximum blood temperature. Computational models were built to study the temperature distributions and lesion dimensions created by a nonirrigated electrode by two RF energy delivery protocols (constant voltage and constant temperature) under high and low blood flow conditions. Four methods of modeling the effect of circulating blood flow on lesion dimensions and temperature distribution were compared. Three of them considered convective coefficients at the electrode-blood and tissue-blood interfaces to model blood flow: 1) without including blood as a part of the domain; 2) constant electrical conductivity of blood; and 3) temperature-dependent electrical conductivity of blood (+2%/°C). Method 4) included blood motion and was considered to be a reference method for comparison purposes. Only Method 4 provided a realistic blood temperature distribution. The other three methods predicted lesion depth values similar to those of the reference method (differences smaller than 1 mm), regardless of ablation mode and blood flow conditions. Considering the aspects of lesion size and maximum temperature reached in blood and tissue, Method 2 seems to be the most suitable alternative to Method 4 in order to reduce the computational complexity. Our findings could have an important implication in future studies of RF cardiac ablation, in particular, in choosing the most suitable method to model the thermal effect of circulating blood.
Modeling Clovis Landscape Use and Recovery Bias in the Southeastern United States Using the Paleoindian Database of the Americas (PIDBA)

In eastern North America, there are few stratified sites dating to the Late Pleistocene epoch (> 11,700 cal B.P.). Instead, researchers have relied on the distribution of surface sites and isolated finds to make inferences about how the early inhabitants of the region used the landscape. While proxies for modern recovery bias have been found to affect artifact recovery at a national scale, in the southeastern United States, I argue, they are poor predictors for the frequency of Clovis type bifaces (ca. 13,250–12,850 cal B.P.) from counties in the southeastern United States as reported in the Paleoindian Database of the Americas (PIDBA). Instead, counties with the highest density of Clovis bifaces are near sources of lithic raw material, and in particular the intersection of major rivers, physiographic boundaries, and lithic raw material sources. I contend that these locations could represent seasonal aggregation loci. Alternatively, they could reflect areas where lithic raw material is more readily available, which may have resulted in higher rates of artifact discard. Determining which of these hypotheses is a more accurate reflection of past human behavior requires that we untangle the degree to which the amount of time people spent at these locations was successive versus coeval.