Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Government Surveillance Modifies Social Network Service Use in South Korea

Government Surveillance systems have been expanded in the new media environment. Surveillance of online public spheres could pose a serious threat to online social network service providers. The present study integrates previous research on government surveillance, researching findings from privacy studies and ‘uses and gratifications’ (U&G) research regarding social network service use motivations, in order to understand the factors influencing the use of the online social network services in a high surveillance environment. The research data was collected in South Korea in March, 2016. The research results show, first, that privacy concern is the mediator between governmental online surveillance and social network service switching intention. Second, SNS switching intention is predicted positively by interaction motivation and negatively by convenience motivation. Last, the research found that people with higher levels of privacy management efficacy are more likely to respond to governmental online surveillance by increasing their intention to switch to alternative social network services.
Sexual identity, attractions, and behavior among young sexual-minority women over a 2-year period.

Previous research suggests that the sexual identities, attractions, and behaviors of sexual-minority (i.e., nonheterosexual) women change over time, yet there have been few longitudinal studies addressing this question, and no longitudinal studies of sexual-minority youths. The results of 2-year follow-up interviews with 80 lesbian, bisexual, and "unlabeled" women who were first interviewed at 16-23 years of age are reported. Half of the participants changed sexual-minority identities more than once, and one third changed identities since the first interview. Changes in sexual attractions were generally small but were larger among bisexuals and unlabeled women. Most women pursued sexual behavior consistent with their attractions, but one fourth of lesbians had sexual contact with men between the two interviews. These findings suggest that there is more fluidity in women's sexual identities and behaviors than in their attractions. This fluidity may stem from the prevalence of nonexclusive attractions among sexual-minority women.
Biochemical modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin: confirmatory evidence of improved therapeutic efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer.

In a previous study (J Clin Oncol 7:1407-1417, 1989), we identified two dosage administration schedules of fluorouracil (5FU) combined with leucovorin that were superior to single-agent 5FU for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. In this same study, a regimen of 5FU plus high-dose methotrexate (MTX) demonstrated a suggestive advantage over 5FU alone. To permit a more definitive comparison, we have extended our evaluation of these three regimens to involve an additional 259 patients. In all, 457 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to one of the following regimens: 5FU plus low-dose leucovorin, 5FU plus high-dose leucovorin, or 5FU plus high-dose MTX with leucovorin rescue. We have found that each of the 5FU/leucovorin regimens demonstrates a significant (P less than or equal to .01) advantage over 5FU plus high-dose MTX for objective tumor response and interval to tumor progression. Moreover, 5FU plus low-dose leucovorin confers a significant survival benefit (P less than or equal to .01) compared with 5FU plus high-dose MTX. The 5FU plus high-dose leucovorin regimen shows a survival benefit only in unadjusted analyses (P = .04), but this difference is not significant when adjusted for imbalances in prognostic variables (P = .44). Evaluation of the two 5FU/leucovorin regimens rules out a 10% decrease in death rate for the high-dose leucovorin regimen compared with the low-dose leucovorin regimen (P less than .05). The regimen of 5FU plus low-dose leucovorin has now been shown to offer a statistically significant survival advantage versus 5FU alone and versus 5FU plus high-dose MTX, a regimen that had shown promise in earlier trials. These data confirm the efficacy of leucovorin combined with 5FU in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and establish that it is not necessary to use high doses of leucovorin to achieve these results.
Fast Spiral Coronary Artery Imaging

A flow‐independent method for imaging the coronary arteries within a breath‐hold on a standard whole‐body MR imager was developed. The technique is based on interleaved spiral k‐space scanning and forms a cardiac‐gated image in 20 heartbeats. The spiral readouts have good flow properties and generate minimal flow artifacts. The oblique slices are positioned so that the arteries are in the plane and so that the chamber blood does not obscure the arteries. Fat suppression by a spectral‐spatial pulse improves the visualization of the arteries. © 1992 Academic Press,Inc.
Cephalometric evaluation of condylar and mandibular growth modification: a review.

OBJECTIVE Based on a wealth of orthodontic archives, this work aims to review the cephalometric analysis systems that can identify the changes in condylar and mandibular position as well as growth direction in response to bite jumping therapy. DESIGN Numerous cephalometric approaches were screened to testify their feasibility and reliability in accurately depicting the growth modification of the condyle and the mandible. The critical assessment of the working mechanisms of these cephalometric methods was elaborated to help build up the rationale and justification for their clinical use. RESULTS 1) The changes in condylar and mandibular size, position and growth direction can be identified by using lateral cephalograms with closed-mouth or open-mouth posture. 2) With superimposition methods where the anatomical structures for superimposition registration must be stable and reproducible, the growth modification of the condyle and the mandible between two time-points is qualitatively demonstrated in a diagram if reference lines are not constructed. The growth modification can be quantitatively identified if the reference lines are created. 3) With non-superimposition methods, the size and position of the condyle and the mandible are separately identified for each time-pint by relating them to the stable reference structures. The growth modification between two time-pints is evaluated by comparing the two separate measurements. CONCLUSION The application of a standardized and well designed cephalometric evaluation system may reduce the bias that attribute to the arbitrariness of the clinical effects of bite jumping functional appliances.
[In vitro study of the effect of ethanol on pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase activity in mouse synaptosomes under basal and stimulated conditions].

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase (pGluAP) is an omega peptidase which removes pyroglutamyl N-terminals residues from peptides and arylamidase derivatives. This activity is thought to be involved in the regulation of several physiological mechanisms on the central nervous system. pGluAP can modulate various susceptible endogenous substrates such as thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH). It is well known that TRH plays an important role in the modulation of the behavioral changes induced by ethanol and others drugs. The aim of this work was to study the in vitro effects of ethanol (25, 50 and 100 mM) on the pGluAP activity and its ability for modulating the TRH. MATERIAL AND METHODS pGluAP activity was measured in synaptosomes from cerebral cortex of mouse, using pyroglutamyl-beta-naphthylamide as substrate in basal and stimulated (K+ 25 mM) conditions, and in presence or absence of calcium on the buffer. RESULTS In basal conditions, ethanol produced an inhibition of the pGluAP activity in presence or absence of calcium, being this inhibition non dose-related. However, the stimulation with K+ 25 mM did not produce a modification of pGluAP activity in presence of calcium, but produced a light increase in absence of it. Depolarization in presence or absence of calcium and ethanol produced an inhibition of pGluAP activity, which changed in function of the ethanol concentration used. CONCLUSIONS Ethanol modifies pGluAP activity in basal conditions by a mechanism independent of calcium, but the changes observed after the stimulation with high K+ may be due to a calcium-dependent mechanism. These variations of pGluAP activity induced by ethanol, and their effects on their endogenous substrates, specially TRH, may be responsible for the behavioral changes associated to the alcoholism and mediated by TRH.
Factors Determining Customer Adaptation to Internet Banking in the Context of Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh

This research intends to propose a conceptual framework that will investigate the impacts of internet banking needs, compatibility, convenience, and communication on customer adaptation to Internet Banking in the context of private commercial banks of Bangladesh. To test the framework, correlation and regression techniques have been applied to data collected from 187 customers of private commercial banks of Bangladesh. The results of the study indicate that importance of internet banking needs, compatibility, convenience, and communication are significantly and positively related to the dependent variable. The findings of this study suggest that in order to attract more users to internet banking, it is not going to be enough only to introduce an internet banking system, these private commercial banks need to develop the belief of usefulness of the system among their users. The importance of internet banking needs and the ease of using it should be acknowledged by demonstration on trial basis. Limitations and implications for practicing managers and for future research are also discussed.
Contaminated drinking water in one town manifesting as an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in another

In early 1992 we identified an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Oregon and sought to identify and control its source. We used a series of studies to identify risk factors for illness : (i) a case-control study among employees of a long-term-care facility (LTCF); (ii) a matched case-control study of the general community; (iii) a cohort study of wedding attendees; and (iv) a cross-sectional survey of the general community. Drinking Talent water was associated with illness in the LTCF (OR = 22·7, 95% CI = 2·7–1009·0), and in the community (matched OR = 9·5, 95% CI 2·3–84·1). Drinking Talent water was associated with illness only among non-Talent residents who attended the wedding (P < 0·001) and in the community (RR = 6·5, 95% CI 3·3–12·9). The outbreak was caused by contaminated municipal water from Talent in the absence of a discernible outbreak among Talent residents, suggesting persons exposed to contaminated water may develop immunity to cryptosporidiosis.
Discovering pattern in medical audiology data with FP-growth algorithm

There is potential knowledge inherent in vast amounts of untapped and possibly valuable data generated by healthcare providers. So often, clinicians rely in their skills and experience and that of other medical experts as their source of information. The healthcare sector is now capturing more data in the form of digital and non digital format that may potentially be mined to generate valuable insights. In this paper we propose a five step knowledge discovery model to discover patterns in medical audiology records. We use frequent pattern growth (FP-Growth) algorithm in the data processing step to build the FP-tree data structure and mine it for frequents itemsets. Our aim is to discover interesting itemsets that shows connection between hearing thresholds in pure-tone audiometric data and symptoms from diagnosis and other attributes in the medical records. The experimental results are summaries of frequent structures in the data that contains symptoms of tinnitus, vertigo and giddiness with threshold values and other information like gender.
Immune-inflammatory predictors of the pelvic pain syndrome associated with adenomyosis

Abstract The aim of the study was the analysis of immune inflammatory processes in the development of the pelvic pain syndrome associated with adenomyosis. For morphological examination were used 54 fragments of the myometrium obtained from patients after hysterectomy with pelvic pain on a background of diffuse adenomyosis of II–III degree, and 20 patients with painless form of adenomyosis. The identification of the macrophages distribution was held by means of an immune-hysto-chemical analysis of MAT (monoclonal antibody) for CD68. (Clone PG-M1, ‘Diagnostic BioSystems’, USA). The results of the study showed a significantly higher expression of CD68 (49.3 ± 2.3 vs. 21.2 ± 1.7 units. p < .01) in patients with painful adenomyosis form in areas of the ectopic endometrium, in the perivascular regions of the myometrium, as compared to those areas in women with painless group. We assume that these factors increase neurogenic inflammation and sensitivity of nociceptors in myometrium, activation of peripheral nerve fibers and, can act as triggers of the pelvic pain syndrome associated with adenomyosis.
Dating the Tree of Life

The relative merits of molecular and paleontological dates of major branching points in the tree of life are currently debated. In some cases, molecular date estimates are up to twice as old as paleontological dates. However, although it is true that paleontological dates are often too young (missing fossils), molecular dates are often too old (statistical bias). Intense study of the dating of major splits in the tree of mammals has shown rapprochement as fossil dates become older and molecular dates become younger.
Multi‐criteria decision analysis of test endpoints for detecting the effects of endocrine active substances in fish full life cycle tests

Fish full life cycle (FFLC) tests are increasingly required in the ecotoxicological assessment of endocrine active substances. However, FFLC tests have not been internationally standardized or validated, and it is currently unclear how such tests should best be designed to provide statistically sound and ecologically relevant results. This study describes how the technique of multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was used to elicit the views of fish ecologists, aquatic ecotoxicologists and statisticians on optimal experimental designs for assessing the effects of endocrine active chemicals on fish. In MCDA qualitative criteria (that can be valued, but not quantified) and quantitative criteria can be used in a structured decision‐making process. The aim of the present application of MCDA is to present a logical means of collating both data and expert opinions on the best way to focus FFLC tests on endocrine active substances. The analyses are presented to demonstrate how MCDA can be used in this context. Each of 3 workgroups focused on 1 of 3 species: fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Test endpoints (e.g., fecundity, growth, gonadal histopathology) were scored for each species for various desirable features such as statistical power and ecological relevance, with the importance of these features determined by assigning weights to them, using a swing weighting procedure. The endpoint F1 fertilization success consistently emerged as a preferred option for all species. In addition, some endpoints scored highly in particular species, such as development of secondary sexual characteristics (fathead minnow) and sex ratio (zebrafish). Other endpoints such as hatching success ranked relatively highly and should be considered as useful endpoints to measure in tests with any of the fish species. MCDA also indicated relatively less preferred endpoints in fish life cycle tests. For example, intensive histopathology consistently ranked low, as did measurement of diagnostic biomarkers, such as vitellogenin, most likely due to the high costs of these methods or their limited ecological relevance. Life cycle tests typically do not focus on identifying toxic modes and/or mechanisms of action, but rather, single chemical concentration–response relationships for endpoints (e.g., survival, growth, reproduction) that can be translated into evaluation of risk. It is, therefore, likely to be an inefficient use of limited resources to measure these mechanism‐specific endpoints in life cycle tests, unless the value of such endpoints for answering particular questions justifies their integration in specific case studies. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2010;6:378–389. © 2010 SETAC
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) terhadap Kinerja Keuangan (Roe) dengan Manajemen Laba dan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia untuk Periode 2011-20

This research is to investigate the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to corporate financial performance with earning management and size company as moderating variable. CSR disclosure by GRI G3 is used as the proxy of CSR activity, ROE is used as the proxy of financial performance and discretionary accruals by The Modified Jones model is used as the proxy of earning management practices. The results of this research show that CSR has significant influence on corporate financial performance. The analysis with the moderating variable Absolute Residual Method shows that earning management moderate in relation between CSR and corporate financial performance and it shows negative significant influence. And The analysis with the moderating variable Absolute Residual Method shows that size company moderate in relation between CSR and corporate financial performance and it shows positive significant influence. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, earnings management, size company, and corporate financial performance
Chemotherapy of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a comparison of three active regimens. A randomized trial of the Italian Oncology Group for Clinical Research (G.O.I.R.C.).

BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is generally considered the most active treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. The combination of cisplatin and etoposide had for some time been the standard treatment at our center. Of the other active regimens, cisplatin in combination with mitomycin-C, vindesine or ifosfamide (MVP or MIC) showed the highest response rates. We decided to perform a comparative trial of the three 'best' regimens in order to define a possible standard regimen in advanced NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS From May 1989 to April 1992, 393 consecutive, previously untreated NSCLC patients, stages IIIB and IV, were randomized to receive either cisplatin (120 mg/sqm day 1) + etoposide (100 mg/sqm days 1-3) every 3 weeks (PE) or cisplatin (120 mg/sqm every 4 weeks) + mitomycin-C (8 mg/sqm days 1-29-71) + vindesine (3 mg/sqm days 1-8-15-22) (MVP) or cisplatin (120 mg/sqm day 1) + mitomycin-C (6 mg/sqm day 1) + ifosfamide (3 mg/sqm day 2) every 3 weeks (MIC). Of these, 382 were evaluable for survival and 360 for response. RESULTS Response rates were statistically higher for both MIC (40%) and MVP (36%) than for the PE arm (23%). Survival estimates analyzed by the log-rank test showed a significant benefit (p < 0.04) for patients treated with three-drug regimens (MVP; MIC) as compared to those in the PE arm. The main toxicity was myelosuppression; thrombocytopenia WHO grade 3-4 was worse in the MIC arm; nephrotoxicity grade 3-4 was also more frequent in the MIC arm. CONCLUSIONS A three-drug cisplatin-based regimen (MVP; MIC) should be considered as reference treatment in NSCLC.
Spousal associations between functional limitation and depressive symptom trajectories: Longitudinal findings from the study of Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD).

OBJECTIVE To examine spousal associations between functional limitation and depressive symptom trajectories in a national sample of older long-term married couples. DESIGN We used 14.5-year longitudinal data on functional limitations and depressive symptoms from 1,704 couples participating in the Study of Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Activities of daily living and a short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale were used. RESULTS Between-person difference findings corroborate previous research by showing that levels and changes in functional limitations and depressive symptoms are closely interrelated among wives and husbands. Our results further demonstrate sizable associations in levels and changes in functional limitations and depressive symptoms between spouses. For example, functional limitation levels in one spouse were associated with depressive symptom levels in the other spouse. Spousal associations remained after controlling for individual (age, education, cognition) and spousal covariates (marriage duration, number of children) and did not differ between women and men. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the important role of marital relationships in shaping health trajectories in old age because they show that some of the well-documented between-person differences in functional limitations and depressive symptoms are in fact related to spouses.
Indirect bankruptcy costs and bankruptcy law

We use a simple model to predict how creditor rights in bankruptcy a¤ect the accumulation and magnitude of indirect bankruptcy costs. We empirically identify these e¤ects by using two matched samples of bankrupt firms that provide us with variation in creditor rights. Consistent with our model, we find evidence that, when creditor rights are stronger, indirect bankruptcy costs are lower prior to bankruptcy, and that these costs accumulate more slowly in the period preceding a bankruptcy filing.
Plasma Renin Concentration in Human Hypertension. 1: Relationship Between Renin, Sodium, and Potassium

be only a measure of mucosal damage. In this connexion it is worth mentioning that the small-intestinal mucosa is frequently abnormal in ulcerative colitis, and the degree of abnormality is positively correlated with the clinical severity of the colitis (Salem et al., 1964, 1965). This raises the possibility that absorption of whole protein may occur from the small intestine, with resulting high levels of antibody that are then no more than an indication that the intestine has been widely affected, which in turn may indicate a relatively bad prognosis. Circulating antibodies to dietary proteins are present from birth and can be demonstrated in cord blood, commonly at a higher titre than in maternal blood (Wright et al., 1962). When infants are weaned and fed on cow's milk the levels of circulating antibodies to cow's-milk proteins rise considerably (Gunther et al., 1962). In ulcerative colitis, in coeliac disease, and in idiopathic steatorrhoea the titre of circulating antibodies to various dietary proteins are often high (Taylor and Truelove, 1961 ; Taylor et al., 1961, 1964). So far as ulcerative colitis is concerned, early weaning from the breast was found to be twice as common in the subjects of this disease as in control subjects (Acheson and Truelove, 1961). There is the possibility that immunological stimulation by dietary proteins during infancy may set the stage for a variety of diseases in later life and that ulcerative colitis is one of them.