Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
E-Banking and Emerging Multidisciplinary Processes: Social, Economical and Organizational Models

The objective of the chapter is to present a brief review of E-banking services especially in the developing economies, highlighting the major challenges of E-banking with a guideline or recommendations to address those challenges. Technology has introduced new ways of delivering banking to the customer. Developed countries (DC) customers of the E-Banking services are fully aware of the services but the customer’s in the developing economies still lag behind. It is clearly seen that delivery channels are lacking in meeting the demands of the customer by not making them aware of e-banking and using obsolete or not too up-to-date technology. I would thus conclude that banks in the developing countries should drown themselves in all the intricacies regarding e-banking to determine ways that will affect the customers in and use it to their maximum benefit. The other issue is that there are very few or no banking facilities in the rural areas and furthermore, access to the internet is close to impossible in these areas therefore awareness and utilization of these services is very little or none at all. At last but not the least is that Banks must adapt to the electronics age. Consumers demand it. Economics drives it. Banks must exploit it. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-635-3.ch003
Tests of a convergent numerical scheme for nonlinear Boltzmann-like models with chemical reactions: two, three and four species

We review recent tests of a convergent numerical scheme for space-homogeneous, nonlinear Boltzmann-like equations for fluids with two, three and four species of gas particles, respectively, with elastic and reactive binary collisions. The tests refer both to simpler exactly solvable models with elastic collisions, and to more complicated examples, involving chemical reactions, which present only exact expressions for certain low-order moments of the one-particle distribution functions. The results of the numerical tests appear to be in very good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Cost Management in Micro and Small Companies in the Mining Sector

According to Sebrae, micro and small companies represented 27% of the GDP in 2011 and 98.5% of all private companies in 2015. Despite this importance, in most cases they do not have employees with extensive cost management knowledge and the management practices of large companies are also repeated in them. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze the operability of cost management at the micro and small companies that act in the mining and processing of dimension stones sector, searching for emphases on the presence of isomorphism. One hundred and sixty-two (162) companies were investigated in order to operationalize this study. A structured questionnaire was used as a data collection procedure. Three different approaches were used in the statistical analysis of the collected data: descriptive statistics; the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test, and confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. The results show the presence of mimetic isomorphism in the cost management practices of the companies researched. The research is limited to the sample, therefore, its findings can not be generalized. Based on this study, it was observed that future research should further develop the characterization of this economic phenomenon and study which resources would be required to improve management cost in micro and small companies in the analyzed segment. This is the first work that found the presence of mimetic isoformism among micro and small companies in the mining sector.
Monitoring Systemic Risk Based on Dynamic Thresholds

Successful implementation of macroprudential policy is contingent on the ability to identify and estimate systemic risk in real time. In this paper,systemic risk is defined as the conditional probability of a systemic banking crisis and this conditional probability is modeled in a fixed effect binary response model framework. The model structure is dynamic and is designed for monitoring as the systemic risk forecasts only depend on data that are available in real time. Several risk factors are identified and it is hereby shown that the level of systemic risk contains a predictable component which varies through time. Furthermore, it is shown how the systemic risk forecasts map into crisis signals and how policy thresholds are derived in this framework. Finally, in an out-of-sample exercise, it is shown that the systemic risk estimates provided reliable early warning signals ahead of the recent financial crisis for several economies.
Evaluation of the stressed-strained state of crossings of the 1/11 type turnouts by the finite element method

We carried out evaluation of the stressed-strained state of crossings of turnouts by the finite element method in the Ansys programming complex. It was established that under conditions of three-axial compression, at large stresses of vertical compression, the cracks of multi-cycle metal fatigue of the crossing develop. It was found that the development of defects by the code DS 14.1-14.2 on the rolling surface of the cast part of a wing rail and the crossing’s core occurs due to high contact stresses near the edge of the working face of a wing rail and the crossing’s core. They occur in this region in the form of cyclically repeated and sign-alternating normal and tangential stresses from cyclically recurring power impacts from the wheels of rolling stock of railroad transport. It was established that for the normal stresses, values that are maximal by absolute magnitude correspond to the moment when a wheel passes the estiamted cross section of the crossing. For the tangential stresses, on the contrary, at the moment when the wheel is over the estimated cross section, their magnitude is close to zero. The obtained results of the stressed-strained state of crossings are necessary for the optimal design of transverse and longitudinal profiles of the crossing. This will make it possible to extend operation life cycle of the crossings of turnouts and save state budget resources for their current maintenance and repair.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FRUIT OF EUGENIA UVALHA CAMBESS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

The uvaia tree ( Eugenia uvalha Cambess) is an arboreal species of Mirtaceae family native to southern Brazil, also known as uvalha, uvaia-do-mato, or uvalheira. Its fruits can be consumed raw or in the form of juice, jams and sweet paste. The present study aimed to evaluate the proximate composition of uvaia fruits during the various stages of development. The experiment was performed at the Federal Institute of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba Campus, following a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments (6 stages of development) and 3 replications. The moisture content at different stages of fruit development reached the highest level at Stage 4 (91.74%), and the lowest level at Stage 6 (87.02%). The protein, lipids, total carbohydrate, ash and fiber contents have increased between Stages 4 to 6 (fruit ripening), reaching levels of 1.36%, 1%, 10.18%, 0.36%, and 0 06% respectively at Stage 6.
Production of hard goat cheese and goat whey from organic goat’s milk

Technology of hard goat cheese and whey production from organic goat’s milk is very complex and must be harmonized with the methods and guidelines of organic production. The organic goat cheeses are declared as products of higher quality, with greater or added value, and to achieve this, all technological parameters of production must be controlled and adapted to the desired type of cheese. In this study chemical analyses of the composition of organic and conventional goat’s milk, cheese and whey were performed. Cheese fatty acids profile was determined by gas chromatograph (GC) with FID detector, while for detection of amino acids was used HPLC method with fluorescence detection. Data obtained in the study were analyzed using Statistica 9.0 software package and significant differences were determined using t-test. Based on the results, organic milk was statistically significantly higher in all components, except in ash and sodium (p<0.05, p<0.01). Contrary, cheeses (aged 4 days) did not show significant differences (p<0.05, p<0.01), except for dry matter and lactose. During ripening of organic cheese the contents of threonine, tyrosine, valine and isoleucine decreased, whereas methionine, phenylalanine and lysine, showed a tendency to increase. Saturated fatty acids were mainly represented with myristic, palmitic and stearic acids while oleic acid was dominant as unsaturated FA. Organic whey samples contained significantly more protein (1.43 % versus 0.52 %, p<0.05, p<0.01). The application of organic standards of manufacture and control of all technological parameters in the production of organic hard goat cheese and whey resulted in obtaining a high-quality products.
Consumer knowledge and country of origin effects

Consumer knowledge has frequently been mentioned in the literature as a potential mediating factor in consumers’ use of country of origin as a product information cue. However, there is little agreement on the appropriate definition and measurement of consumer knowledge in this context, nor on the likely direction of its impact. Reports of empirical findings concerning the issue are even scarcer. Looks at various dimensions of consumer knowledge and how they impact on consumers’ use of the country of origin cue in evaluations of alcoholic beverages. Finds that neither brand familiarity nor objective or subjective product knowledge has a general main effect on consumers’ use of the country of origin cue but there are significant interaction effects. Shows that objective product class knowledge can, under certain circumstances, increase consumers’ reliance on country of origin when evaluating products with unfamiliar brand names but not with familiar brand names.
The Relationship between Locus of Control and Social Support with Social Adjustment in Vocational School's Trainees in Tehran

The purpose of current study was investigating the relationship between the "locus of control" and "social support" with "social adjustment" in accounting Trainees studying in the technical and vocational centers in Tehran. The study’s population was compromise of all students who studying accounting in the technical and vocational centers of Tehran in the academic year 1392, which 200 subjects were selected from them; and completed the Rutter’s internal and external locus of control scale, wax’s social support questionnaire and Bell’s compatibility questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression, the results shown a significant relationship between the variables of social support and social adjustment, and also locus of control and social adjustment. Findings from this research will bring an important strategy for support centers, services, educational, cultural, counseling centers and psychotherapy; and with proper training of parents, they can help their children to foster their internal locus of control; and also increase utilizing the social resources in helping people dealing with the stress of daily living, their abilities to cope with personal and environmental needs.
ZOLETIL® IMMOBILIZATION OF WILD BOAR (Sus scrofa L.)

Many Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) experiments carried out over the last 15 years required capturing and handling of the animals. Since Zoletil® N.D. has been used successfully to immobilize many wildlife species, we tested it on 46 free-ranging wild boars, captured in box traps and on 17 hand-reared wild boars. They were anesthe- tized in the box trap with the help of a hypodermic pistol. The freeze dried form of Zoletil® N.D. allowed us to administer strong dosages despite the very small volumes required by our method of teleanesthesia. Mean induction time (loss of equilibrium, collapse and effective lying down) was 3’ 41’’ and did not depend on the administered dosage (r = 0.14). With a dosage rate between 6.8 and 9.2 mg/kg of body weight, all animals slept between 15 minutes and one hour. Sleep was deeper and longer when more than 9.2 mg/kg were administered. The maximum dosage tested without lethal effect was 15 mg/kg. Therefore we recommend a mean dosage of 8 mg/kg, which allows for a 15% estimation error of body weight. The very agitated recovery phase is a critical period during which the animal must be kept under constant surveillance to prevent any heart or respiratory failure due to added stress. The use of an immobilizing agent for Wild boar allows people to manipulate it safely, without much risk for the animal.
Macrozoobenthic recolonization after dredging in a sandy mud area of the Bay of Brest enriched by organic matter

The recolonization was followed for 3 years from the end of dredging. The species, abundance, biomass curves, and the rank-frequency distributions showed the progressive structuration of the community. The numeral and ponderal cycle of main species and the correspondance analysis explained the main phases of ecological succession: 1) reorganisation of the microbiological processes; 2) constitution of a pioneer community characterized by a peak of opportunistic species (Chaetozone setosa ); 3) establisment of a young and robust community with a high diversity and production; 4) maturation of the community with high interspecific competition; 5) negative evolution caused by high dominance of Melinna palmata . The definition of the stability of such community is discussed.
CORPORATE NATIONALITY, FOREIGN CONTROL AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE DECISIONS IN NIGERIA

The main objective of this study is to investigate whether corporate nationality and degree of foreign control influence capital structure decisions in a developing economy. The study makes use of eighteenyear time series data from 70 non-financial quoted firms in Nigeria. Using fixed effects panel regression models, it is found that though firm nationality and the degree of foreign control are significant determinants of corporate financing decisions in the country, they are not as important as acclaimed by local corporate stakeholders who champion discriminatory polcies in favour of indigenous firms. Thus, there is need for the Nigerian government to devote more attention in improving policy frameworks on areas such as corporate tax, corporate governance and bankruptcy practices, which are found by previous studies to be very important determinants of firm’s access to long-term investment capital.
Evidence for a strongly coupled dipole mode with insufficient damping in TTF first accelerating module

A beam experiment has been conducted on the first accelerating module of the TESLA Test Facility (TTF) to investigate transverse higher order modes (HOM) in the superconducting cavities. By injecting the beam with a transverse offset and by modulating the intensity of the 216 MHz bunch train with a tunable frequency in the 0-108 MHz range, transverse HOMs can be excited resonantly. On a resonance the outgoing bunch orbits, measured with a broadband BPM, are transversely modulated at the same frequency. A dipole mode at about 2585 MHz, belonging to the third passband of the TESLA cavities, has been excited and observed in this way, with unexpected low damping in 2 out of the 8 cavities of the module.
Seasonal influence on polar cap patches in the high-latitude nightside ionosphere

[1] The influence of the season on the patch-to-background density ratio of polar cap patches in the nightside ionosphere was observed above northern Scandinavia around solar maximum (1999–2001). This is the first study of the seasonal effect in the nightside polar ionosphere. The observations were conducted by the European Incoherent Scatter Svalbard Radar under conditions favorable for patches based on the high-latitude plasma convection pattern, the interplanetary magnetic field, and an absence of in situ precipitation. Patch-to-background ratios of up to 9.4 ± 2.9 were observed between midwinter and equinox, with values of up to 1.9 ± 0.2 in summer. As the patch-to-background ratios in summer were <2, the enhancements could not formally be called patches; however, these were significant density enhancements within the antisunward cross-polar flow. Aberystwyth University's PLASLIFE (PLASma LIFEtime) computer simulation was used to model the observed seasonal trend in the patch-to-background ratio and to establish reasons for the difference between winter and summer values. This difference was primarily attributed to variation in the chemical composition of the atmosphere, which, in summer, both reduced the electron densities of the plasma drawn into the polar cap on the dayside and enhanced plasma loss by recombination. A secondary factor was the maintenance of the background polar ionosphere by photoionization in summer.
Diversity among Pseudomonas syringae strains originating from fruit trees in Serbia

Pseudomonas syringae is a widespread and economically important plant pathogen, one found on a number of hosts, including fruit trees, field crops, vegetables, and ornamental plants. This bacterium has been experimentally identified as a parasite of pear, apple, apricot, peach, cherry, sour cherry, plum, and raspberry. The present study was designed to establish differences between strains isolated from fruit trees in Serbia. The pathogenic and biochemical char- acteristics of isolates were studied. The BOX-PCR method was used to generate genomic fingerprints of Pseudomonas syringae isolates and to identify strains that were previously not distinguishable by other classification methods. Different Bacillus sp. strains were tested for in vitro inhibitory activity against Pseudononas syringae isolates. Bacillus sp. strains show inhibitory activity only against P. syringae isolates that originated from peach. The оbtained results demonstrate that the population of the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae from the fruit trees in Serbia is very diverse.
Role of Serum Trace Elements in Oral Precancer and Oral Cancer - a Biochemical Study

Several studies in recent years have linked association between micronutrient levels and various forms of cancer. Copper and Zinc have been the most researched micronutrients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of Copper, Zinc and iron in serum of patients with Oral leukoplakia, Oral Submucous Fibrosis and oral Squamous cell carcinoma. There was a highly significant increase in the level of serum copper in Oral submucous fibrosis patients when compared to controls (p=0.001). Serum copper levels were also elevated in oral leukoplakia and oral cancer patients (p=0.01). There was a significant decrease in the serum zinc levels in all three study groups when compared to controls (p=0.001). A highly significant reduction in serum Iron levels was noticed oral submucous fibrosis group. The copper to zinc ratio significantly increased in all the study groups when compared to controls. Results suggest that serum copper and zinc as well as the copper to zinc ratio could be used as biomarkers for oral precancer and cancer.
Identifying changes in resilience during rehabilitation from a spinal cord injury

The study purposes were to identify changes in resilience, satisfaction with life (SWL), depression, spirituality, and functional independence (FI) and to examine the relationship between these variables, during the inpatient rehabilitation for a spinal cord injury (SCI). The sample included 42 individuals with a SCI, 33 males and 9 females, who were inpatients with a mean stay of 52 days (SD = 15.78). A repeated measures design was employed with questionnaires completed at three times during rehabilitation. Results indicated that there were significant changes in depression, satisfaction with life, spirituality, and FI during inpatient rehabilitation. Findings also indicated significant correlations between resilience, SWL, spirituality, and depression. Future studies developing interventions, and examining factors that predict resilience could help build resilience and may improve rehabilitation outcomes.
STRATIGRAPHY AND STRUCTURE OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS IN THE HUMBER ARM ALLOCHTHON, SOUTHWESTERN BAY OF ISLANDS, NEWFOUNDLAND

Sedimentary melange units in diverse settings at the front of the Humber Arm Allochthon are subdivided into four informal stratigraphic assemblages defined by distinctive lithological associations and palynomorph biostratigraphy. The Riley's Brook, Bear Cove and Blow Me Down Brook assemblages are tentatively correlated with Early Cambrian to Early–Middle Ordovician formations of the Humber Arm Supergroup as defined in the trailing part of the allochthon. The Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician Little Port Assemblage is a separate tectonostratigraphic element associated with the volcanic arc suite of the Little Port complex. Thin successions of the assemblages lie interleaved in easterly (hinterland-) dipping thrust systems. Structures within the imbricate stacks indicate two phases of regional deformation, both involving the development of westerly directed fold–thrust structures. The distribution of units in the stacks is mainly controlled by second-generation out-ofsequence thrusts, which re-imbricate pre-existing duplexes of the assemblages and locally breach the sole thrust of the Little Port complex in the upper thrust slice.
Glacial changes of five southwest British Columbia icefields, Canada, mid-1980s to 1999

Abstract This study adjusts and compares digital elevation models (DEMs) created from photogrammetric and interferometric synthetic aperture radar techniques to determine volume and surface elevation changes of five icefields in a remote region of southwest British Columbia, Canada, between the mid-1980s and 1999. Preliminary differences between the DEMs in ice-free and vegetation-free areas indicated variable elevation offsets with increasing altitude (11 m km−1) and with increasing slope (2.7 m (10°)−1). Results indicate a surface elevation change of −6.0 ± 2.7 m (−0.5 ± 0.2 m a−1) and a total volume loss of −19.4 ± 8.8 km3 (−1.5 ± 0.7 km3 a−1), which represents a potential sea-level rise contribution of 0.004 ± 0.002 mm a−1. Temperature and snowfall data from four nearby meteorological stations indicate that increased temperatures and decreased snowfall throughout the late 1980s and 1990s are a likely cause of the thinning. Glacier terminus positions were compared between a historical map (1927) and satellite images (1974, 1990/91 and 2000/01). All observed glaciers were in retreat between 1927 and 1974, as well as between 1990/91 and 2000/01, but many glaciers advanced or significantly slowed in their retreat between 1974 and 1990/91.