Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specificity of Legionella pneumophila and Coxiella burnetii Vacuoles and Versatility of Legionella pneumophila Revealed by Coinfection

ABSTRACT Legionella pneumophila and Coxiella burnetii are phylogenetically related intracellular bacteria that cause aerosol-transmitted lung infections. In host cells both pathogens proliferate in vacuoles whose biogenesis displays some common features. To test the functional similarity of their respective intracellular niches, African green monkey kidney epithelial (Vero) cells, A/J mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, human macrophages, and human dendritic cells (DC) containing mature C. burnetii replication vacuoles were superinfected with L. pneumophila, and then the acidity, lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP) content, and cohabitation of mature replication vacuoles was assessed. In all cell types, wild-type L. pneumophila occupied distinct vacuoles in close association with acidic, LAMP-positive C. burnetii replication vacuoles. In murine macrophages, but not primate macrophages, DC, or epithelial cells, L. pneumophila replication vacuoles were acidic and LAMP positive. Unlike wild-type L. pneumophila, type IV secretion-deficient dotA mutants trafficked to lysosome-like C. burnetii vacuoles in Vero cells where they survived but failed to replicate. In primate macrophages, DC, or epithelial cells, growth of L. pneumophila was as robust in superinfected cell cultures as in those singly infected. Thus, despite their noted similarities, L. pneumophila and C. burnetii are exquisitely adapted for replication in unique replication vacuoles, and factors that maintain the C. burnetii replication vacuole do not alter biogenesis of an adjacent L. pneumophila replication vacuole. Moreover, L. pneumophila can replicate efficiently in either lysosomal vacuoles of A/J mouse cells or in nonlysosomal vacuoles of primate cells.
Development and test of TAB bonded micro-cables for silicon detectors in a Compton prostate probe

This contribution describes the work made towards packaging optimization in the frame of the development of an endorectal probe for imaging the prostate. This application is based on the concept of electronic collimation for single gamma detection taking advantage of the Compton scattering of the photons in a stack of 1 mm thick silicon pad detectors and their later absorption in an external detector. This concept allows to remove the mechanical collimators used in the usual gamma cameras and, therefore, provides the possibility of improving both sensitivity and resolution. Packaging of the silicon sensors and their associated electronics is of paramount importance in this application. To address this important aspect of the device we have explored the tape automated bonding (TAB) technique for the connection of the silicon sensors to the readout electronics and for routing the signals to the outside. TAB offers an elegant solution not only for a flexible and compact interconnection between the readout ASICs and the sensors but also for ASIC selection and testing prior to the assembly of the detector and their associated readout electronics
Tracheal traction effects on upper airway patency in rabbits: the role of tissue pressure.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanisms via which lung volume related caudal tracheal traction decreases upper airway collapsibility. DESIGN Acute physiological study. PARTICIPANTS 20 male, supine, anesthetised, tracheostomised, spontaneously breathing, NZ white rabbits fitted with a sealed face mask. SETTING N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Upper airway extraluminal tissue pressure (ETP) was measured in the lateral (ETPlat) and anterior (ETPant) pharyngeal walls (pressure transducer tipped catheters). Graded traction was applied to the isolated upper airway (n = 17, 0-140 g). Subsequently, inflation and deflation was performed (with and without traction, 48 g, n = 13) with measurement of intraluminal pressure. Upper airway transmural pressure (PTM) was calculated (at closure and reopening) for both ETP sites (PTMlat and PTMant, respectively). A traction force of 144 g decreased ETPlat from 2.6 +/- 0.7 cm H2O (mean +/- SEM) to 2.1 +/- 0.7 cm H2O and ETPant from 1.1 +/- 0.4 cm H2O to 0.8 +/- 0.4 cm H2O (both P < 0.001). Increasing traction decreased closing and reopening pressures by 1.4 +/- 0.2 cm H2O for 48 g of traction (n = 13, P < 0.0001). In addition, 48 g of traction decreased ETPlat (at closure and reopening) by 0.2 +/- 0.05 cm H2O (P < 0.0001), and decreased ETPant by 0.5 +/- 0.1 cm H2O at closing pressure and 0.8 +/- 0.1 cm H2O at reopening (both p < 0.0001). Thus, for 48 g of traction, PTMlat (at closure and reopening) fell by 1.1 +/- 0.2 cm H2O and PTMant (reopening only) fell by 0.9 +/- 0.3 cm H2O (all P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Since tracheal traction decreased PTMlat and PTMant by a greater amount than ETPlat and ETPant, we conclude that the decrease in upper airway collapsibility mediated by lung volume related caudal tracheal traction is partially explained by reductions in ETP.
Selection of Personnel for Stressful Occupations: The Potential Utility of Psychophysiological Measures as Selection Tools

Abstract : The Manpower and Personnel Research Division identified a requirement to assess whether selection and classification for stressful occupations could be improved. An interdisciplinary review, evaluation, and synthesis was carried out to assess the feasibility of using psychophysiological measures to select individuals resistant to stress to improve selection and classification methods for stressful occupations. To integrate this literature, a new psychophysiological model was developed in the context of current industrial/ organizational practice. Researchers concluded that psychophysiological measures do have the potential to improve the selection/classification standards for stressful occupations. Three recommendations were made for future research. First, experimentation should begin to assess the validity of the proposed psychophysiological measures to predict successful performance under stress. Second, since people who cope successfully appear to share some personality traits, research should be conducted into the personality correlates of successful task performance under stress. Third, occupations should be analyzed in terms of stress dimensions to provide a rationale for the identification of valid predictors and criteria of successful performance in stressful jobs. A demonstration study was outlined.
Dry needling of the trapezius muscle in office workers with neck pain: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Neck pain is a frequent complaint in office workers. This pain can be caused by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the trapezius muscle. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of deep dry needling (DDN) of active MTrPs in the trapezius muscle. Methods: A randomized, single blinded clinical trial was carried out at the Physical Therapy Department at Physiotherapy in Women's Health Research Group at Physical Therapy Department of University of Alcalá, in Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. Forty-four office workers with neck pain and active MTrPs in the trapezius muscle were randomly allocated to either the DDN or the control group (CG). The participants in the DDN group were treated with DDN of all MTrPs found in the trapezius muscle. They also received passive stretch of the trapezius muscle. The CG received the same passive stretch of the trapezius muscle only. The primary outcome measure was subjective pain intensity, measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were pressure pain threshold (PPT), cervical range of motion (CROM) and muscle strength. Data were collected at baseline, after interventions and 15 days after the last treatment. Results: Differences were found between the DDN group and the CG for the VAS (P < 0.001), PPT (P < 0.001), range of motion (AROM) (P < 0.05) and strength (P < 0.05) after intervention and at the 15-day follow-up. Discussion: Deep dry needling and passive stretch seems to be more effective than passive stretch only. The effects are maintained in the short term. The results support the use of DDN in the management of trapezius muscle myofascial pain syndrome in neck pain.
Year : 2010 Family characteristics as risk factors for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia : a population-based case-control study

BACKGROUND: To date, few risk factors for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been confirmed and the scientific literature is full of controversial "evidence. " We examined if family characteristics, particularly maternal and paternal age and number of older siblings, were risk factors for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this population-based nationwide matched case-control study, patients 0-14 years of age with ALL diagnosed 1991-2006 and registered in the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry were linked with their census records of 1990 and 2000. Eight controls per case were selected from the census. The association between family characteristics and ALL was analyzed by conditional logistic regressions. We found that increasing maternal age was associated with incidence of ALL in the offspring (OR per 5-year increase in maternal age 1.18, 95% CI 1.05-1.31; p = 0.004), remaining stable (trend OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.99-1.31; p = 0.060) after adjustment for other risk factors. The association with paternal age was weaker (OR per 5-year increase 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.28, p = 0.032) and disappeared after adjustments. Number of older siblings was not associated with risk of ALL in the overall group of children aged 0-14 years at diagnosis. However, we found a negative trend between number of older siblings and ALL diagnosed at age 0-4 years (OR per sibling 0.85, 95% CI 0.68-1.06; p = 0.141) and a positive trend for ALL diagnosed at age 5-9 (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.72; p = 0.019), with some evidence for an effect modification (p-value for interaction = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS: As in other studies, increasing maternal, but not paternal age was associated with risk of ALL. We found only a weak association with the number of older siblings, suggesting a delay in disease manifestation rather than a decrease in incidence. Family Characteristics as Risk Factors for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Population-Based Case-Control Study Martin Feller, Martin Adam, Marcel Zwahlen, Pierluigi Brazzola, Felix Niggli, Claudia Kuehni*, for the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG) and the Swiss National Cohort (SNC) 1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2 Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Basel, Switzerland, 3 University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 4 Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli–Bellinzona, Bellinzona, Switzerland, 5 Pediatric Oncology Unit, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Persons And Bodies A Constitution View

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A packaged electrostatic energy harvester with micro-molded bulk electrets

This paper reports a packaged energy harvester using the novel method of micro-molding bulk electrets of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Compared with thin film electrets prepared by spin-coating method, bulk PTFE electrets are of higher trapped charge density by 1.2~2 times, and improved charge storage stability by 1.3 times in charge retain rate over 10 days. Further, the micromolding method guarantees high throughput and cost-effectiveness. The proposed harvester is non-resonant and is of gap-closing structure, which is suitable for low frequency vibration. Maximally, the packaged device generates 2. 5μW @10Hz, 1.6g vibration, which is 9 times improvement in power compared with our previous thin film PTFE work. Such results display the potential of using micro-molded bulk PTFE electrets for integrated electrostatic energy harvester in low frequency applications.
Effects of an individual's prior knowledge on collaborative knowledge construction and individual learning outcomes in videoconferencing

This paper deals with collaborative knowledge construction in videoconferencing. The main topic for investigation is how to predict individual learning outcomes, and in particular the degree to which an individual's prior knowledge and collaborative knowledge construction can influence individual learning outcomes. In this context, the influence of prior knowledge and two measures of instructional support (a content scheme and learners' resource interdependence) were analyzed with respect to collaborative knowledge construction. An empirical study was conducted using 171 university students. Students worked collaboratively in groups of three within a case-based videoconferencing learning environment and were supported by instructional support measures. Results indicate that both an individual's prior knowledge as well as the quality of collaborative knowledge construction strongly impact individual learning outcomes.
The Influenza A Virus NS1 Protein Inhibits Activation of Jun N-Terminal Kinase and AP-1 Transcription Factors

ABSTRACT The influenza A virus nonstructural NS1 protein is known to modulate host cell gene expression and to inhibit double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated antiviral responses. Here we identify NS1 as the first viral protein that antagonizes virus- and dsRNA-induced activation of the stress response-signaling pathway mediated through Jun N-terminal kinase.
Next-generation sequencing applied to rare diseases genomics

Genomics has revolutionized the study of rare diseases. In this review, we overview the latest technological development, rare disease discoveries, implementation obstacles and bioethical challenges. First, we discuss the technology of genome and exome sequencing, including the different next-generation platforms and exome enrichment technologies. Second, we survey the pioneering centers and discoveries for rare diseases, including few of the research institutions that have contributed to the field, as well as an overview survey of different types of rare diseases that have had new discoveries due to next-generation sequencing. Third, we discuss the obstacles and challenges that allow for clinical implementation, including returning of results, informed consent and privacy. Last, we discuss possible outlook as clinical genomics receives wider adoption, as third-generation sequencing is coming onto the horizon, and some needs in informatics and software to further advance the field.
Classroom Activities in Math and Reading in Early, Middle, and Late Elementary School.

This study examined activities used during elementary school math and reading instruction. Teachers reported their use of cooperative, competitive, and individual activities in math and reading, their subjective evaluations of teaching each subject, and their level of focus on promoting students’ interests. Analyses indicated that teachers used more competitive activities in math than reading. Additionally, individual math activities increased across grades whereas individual reading activities were similar across grades. Finally, the appeal of teaching both reading and math declined across elementary school grade. Results are discussed in terms of teachers’ goals and student motivation.
Maternal Behavior by Birth Order in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Parental investment theory predicts that maternal resources are finite and allocated among offspring based on factors including maternal age and condition, and offspring sex and parity. Among humans, firstborn children are often considered to have an advantage and receive greater investment than their younger siblings. However, conflicting evidence for this “firstborn advantage” between modern and hunter-gatherer societies raises questions about the evolutionary history of differential parental investment and birth order. In contrast to humans, most nonhuman primate firstborns belong to young, inexperienced mothers and exhibit higher mortality than laterborns. In this study, we investigated differences in maternal investment and offspring outcomes based on birth order (firstborn vs. laterborn) among wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodyte schweinfurthii). During the critical first year of life, primiparous mothers nursed, groomed, and played with their infants more than did multiparous mothers. Furthermore, this pattern of increased investment in firstborns appeared to be compensatory, as probability of survival did not differ by birth order. Our study did not find evidence for a firstborn advantage as observed in modern humans but does suggest that unlike many other primates, differences in maternal behavior help afford chimpanzee firstborns an equal chance of survival.
Study on isolation of protease-producing microbes and production of high-quality protein stuffs by solid-state fermentation

Protein resources are severely short around the world, especially for the requirement of animal production. How to solve this problem has become more and more important. The production of high-quality protein stuffs from the low-quality unconventional protein resources by microbial fermentation is the main research direction all over the world. In this study, the low-quality protein stuffs such as cottonseed, blood and feather meals were fermented by Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae), which was isolated from bovine rumen and identified by 26S rDNA. The orthogonal experiment and single factor analysis of variance method was used to select the optimal fermentation nutrient media and conditions. The results showed that the optimum medium compositions of raw materials for replacing soybean meal were 30% blood meal, 26% cottonseed meal, 4% feather meal, 35% wheat bran, 5% corn flour; the best fermentation conditions were initial pH 6, 40% moisture, 2% fungal inoculation volume, and 60 h fermentation. Under the best conditions of solid-state fermentation (SSF), the soluble protein content, amino nitrogen content, crude protein content, free amino acids in the fermented products were 173.72 mg/g, 34.75 mg/g, 48.97%, 100.95 mg/g, which were increased by 82.68%, 379.97%, 12.91%, 570.00%, compared with the unfermented product, respectively (P&#60;0.05). The activities of protease, amylase and cellulase in the fermented products were 2341.83 U/g, 36780.8 U/g and 6835.43 U/g, respectively. It can be concluded that the unconventional protein resources can be significantly improved by using the method of SSF of A. oryzae. The experiment result will provide an important theoretical basis for solving current shortage of protein feed resources.
Parallel, Block-based, Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Finite-volume Scheme for Solution of Three-dimensional Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes Equations

Parallel, Block-Based, Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Finite-Volume Scheme for Solution of Three-Dimensional Favre-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations Shawn Prasad Masters of Applied Science Graduate Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Toronto 2013 A parallel, block-based, adaptive mesh refinement, finite-volume scheme is developed and validated for the solution of the Favre-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations governing threedimensional flow of a polytropic gas. The two-equation k-ω turbulence model is used to model the unresolved turbulent scales and their influence on the mean solution. The finite-volume spatial discretization is accomplished by using a finite-volume procedure on multiblock, bodyfitted, hexahedral mesh. The inviscid flux functions make use of Roe’s approximate Riemann solver. The viscous flux is evaluated using a diamond path reconstruction procedure on each cell boundary. Verification and validation of the solution method is accomplished through the application of the algorithm to a number of flow problems. The results from the application of the solution method to the test problems are in good agreement with available experimental data. Therefore, the validity of the solution method for solving three-dimensional, turbulent flows is confirmed.
Analysis of Right Issue Announcement Effect toward Stock Price Movement and Stock Trading Volume within Issuer in Indonesia Stock Exchange

The purpose of this study were to identify and analyze the rights issue effect to the stock price, the effect of the rights issue on stock trading volume, the correlation between stock prices before and after the right issue, as well as the correlation between volume of trading activity before the right issue and after that event. The objects of the study are the companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (JSX). The hypothesis stated that right issues have a significant effect on stock price on companies listed on the JSX, rights issues have a significant effect on the stock trading volume on companies listed on the JSX, there is a significant correlation between stock price before and after the rights issue on companies listed in JSX, there is a significant correlation between volume of the stock trading before the rights issue and after that event. Data analysis used were descriptive statistics, simple linear regression analysis and paired t-test. Hypothesis testing was performed by using the Pearson correlation test with significance level of 5%. The results show that the right issue has a positive effect but not significant toward stock prices of companies listed in JSX, right issue has a negative effect and not significant toward the trading volume activity (TVA) on companies listed in JSX.
AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE ON MANAGING KNOWLEDGE IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES: REVIEW AND THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

This article offers a summary of the foundations of the knowledge management literature referring to subsidiaries of multinational companies. We look at the way in which the literature on managing knowledge has evolved, and investigate how the streams have built upon each other. We also examine the literature in the light of different management fields, revealing similarities and differences between the distinct research areas. Based on 98 reviewed articles, we build a theoretical framework for a better organization and understanding of MNC related knowledge management literature. Finally, using this framework, we look into the potential future research directions of the field.