Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sonographic Appearances of Benign and Malignant Male Breast Disease With Mammographic and Pathologic Correlation

Objective. Imaging of the male breast is most often performed for the evaluation of a clinical abnormality such as breast enlargement or tenderness, a palpable mass, nipple skin changes, or nipple discharge. Most breast lesions encountered in men are benign. Malignant breast lesions are less frequent; breast cancer accounts for less than 1% of all male cancers in the United States. The initial imaging evaluation of a finding in the male breast is performed with mammography. Sonography is frequently used as an adjunct to mammography but is less often used as the primary imaging modality. The objective of this article is to provide readers with a thorough review of the sonographic appearances of benign and malignant male breast disease. Methods. We reviewed our institution's case database to identify male patients who underwent mammography, sonography, and subsequent biopsy of a breast lesion. These cases were collected and reviewed to select the best imaging examples. Results. A spectrum of benign and malignant male breast disease is presented with corresponding sonographic, mammographic, and pathologic imaging. For each entity, the salient imaging findings and typical clinical presentation are discussed. Conclusions. Most studies in the literature have reported on the mammographic and sonographic imaging features of primary breast carcinoma in men. However, very little has been reported on the sonographic appearance of benign and malignant male breast conditions. Recognition and correct identification of pathologic male breast entities on sonography is essential to determine appropriate management recommendations and avoid unnecessary biopsies.
Greater Trochanteric Pain after Total Hip Arthroplasty: The Incidence, Clinical Outcome and Associated Factors

We evaluated any residual pain around the hip joint 11 to 23 months post-surgery in 172 consecutive patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) for primary or secondary osteoarthritis during 2002 at Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden. Patients with suspected greater trochanteric pain (GTP) were matched with controls from the same cohort. The two groups were assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthrosis Index (WOMAC) and were examined for localised tenderness over the trochanteric area by algometer. The pre- and postoperative radiographs including femoral offset were evaluated. We found that 21 patients (12%) had GTP with a male to female ratio of 1:6. The WOMAC index revealed a reduction in the clinical outcome in this group. An associated factor of significance was postoperative uncorrected lengthening of the operated limb equal to or more than one centimetre. We found no correlation between the prevalence of GTP and body weight or length, femoral offset or size of the prosthetic components used.
Evaluation of Implementation of The Use of Enterprise Resource Planning System In Service Company

Periodic evaluations are useful for maintaining and providing feedback for the good of the company. In this study an evaluation of the enterprise resource planning (ERP) system will be used for service companies to determine whether the ERP system has been running well as desired. Therefore, an interview was conducted with IT Development and a questionnaire was distributed to users. The results of the questionnaire were processed using the importance performance analysis method and the problematic indicators were language and security. These dimensions are processed by the fault tree analysis method to find the cause of the problem that can occur. The results of the analysis were discussed with IT Development and the results of the discussion obtained suggestions for improvement in the security section by shortening the automatic logout time on the system, providing initial passwords at random and imposing sanctions for users who give passwords to others which ultimately harm the company. Whereas for the language section, suggestions are given in the form of a portal that is connected to the system where the language used in the portal is more easily understood by users and improves communication with users so that all information that is given is conveyed well to the user.
Surgical Treatment of Hip Dislocation in Early Infancy

The necessity to operate on hip dislocation has decreased because the natural history of this congenital disease has been completely changed by using clinical and ultrasonographic screening. At present in our country surgical reduction is indicated in the rare cases of true congenital severe hip dislocation or in the few cases missed during screening. Our long experience in the treatment of such pathology since the start of the 1960s is summarized in this paper in which we describe our indications in surgical treatment of dislocated and subluxated hips affected by DDH. We point out our approach to open the dislocated hip laterally explaining the advantage of this particular and not common approach. We also describe the radiological assessment necessary to evaluate residual dysplasia in order to plan the necessary pelvic or femoral osteotomy to correct these residual joint alterations.
Functional Patency of Autogenous AV Fistulas for Hemodialysis

Background Although AV fistulas are the preferred access for hemodialysis and have low complication rates, failure to function remains high and time to first dialysis may be several months. Methods Data from a Computerized Patient Record System of patients undergoing AV fistula from October 2000 to March 2006 were reviewed for type of fistula, interval from AV fistula construction to first hemodialysis, patency period, and complication rate. Results 129 patients were identified who underwent 155 autogenous AV fistula constructions. The average age was 62.1 (range 40–84) years old. 114 radiocephalic and 41 brachiocephalic fistulas were performed. 57 (50%) radiocephalic fistulas allowed successful hemodialysis after an average length of 13±5 weeks with a primary patency of 13±4 months. 24 (42%) fistulas subsequently thrombosed, 7 (12%) developed fistula stenosis, and 2 (4%) developed steal syndrome. 28 (68%) brachiocephalic fistulas reached successful hemodialysis after 6±2 weeks with a primary patency of 16±7 months. Eleven (42%) of the brachiocephalic fistulas that reached hemodialysis remained patent while four (15%) thrombosed. Two (8%) brachiocephalic fistulas thrombosed before reaching hemodialysis. There were two incidences (5%) of steal syndrome in the brachiocephalic group with one case being severe leading to tissue loss in the hand. Conclusion Brachiocephalic fistulas were superior to radiocephalic in both time to maturity, primary patency, and functional primary patency. Brachiocephalic fistulas had a higher maturation rate and were less likely to fail once hemodialysis began. Vascular surgeons should develop better patient selection to predict which fistulas will function successfully rather than risk complications of prolonged central catheters.
Prevalence of Mitochondrial 1555A→G Mutation in Adults of European Descent

reports a prevalence of 0.21% for the m.1555A→G mutation in an aging population of European descent, but the prevalence of the mutation in non-European populations is unknown. Clearly, robust studies involving other ethnic groups are required to determine whether screening is appropriate. On the basis of our findings, we recommend that elective genetic testing be performed on a case-by-case basis to prevent hearing loss, although in an acute, life-threatening situation, the best interests of the patient may require the administration of aminoglycosides before the results of genetic testing are available. Children with leukemia and patients with tuberculosis could be tested at diagnosis, and those allergic to betalactam antibiotics could be tested in the surgical outpatient department. Universal screening of neonates would not be effective in preventing 100% of deafness related to m.1555A→G, since admission to a neonatal intensive care unit usually occurs before such screening could take place. Screening all pregnant women for the mutation would be an alternative approach, since the mutation is maternally inherited and is almost al
DOPPLER VELOCIMETRY OF DECIDUAL SPIRAL ARTERIES FEATURES IN EARLY PREGNANCY BLEEDING

Objective: To evaluate the decidual spiral arteries Doppler velocimetry in early pregnancy bleeding. Design : Descriptive observational. Methods: All patients who admitted to Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung with early pregnancy bleeding and fullfilled the inclusion criteria were evaluated using ultrasonography during the period of November 2002 until January 2003. The systolic-diastolic ratio, resistance index, and pulsatility index of decidual spiral arteries were calculated. The patients were observed until 20 weeks pregnancy and the spontaneous abortion were recorded. Statistical analysis was used to determine the relationship between Doppler velocimetry of decidual spiral arteries with pregnancy outcome. Results: There were 31 cases consisted mostly with primigravida enrolled into this study. There were 9 pregnancy cases (29.1%) ended with spontaneous abortion and 22 pregnancy cases (70.9%) survived more than 20 weeks. The mean ages were 27.1 (3.8) in the group with spontaneous abortion and 30.0 (7.2) in the group without spontaneous abortion. The mean gestational ages were 8.6 (1.7) weeks in the group with spontaneous abortion and 9.2 (1.5) weeks in the group without spontaneous abortion. Systolic-diastolic ratio of 1.26 (0.13), resistance index of 0.18 (0.13), and pulsatility index of 0.17 (0.14) were reported among the successful gestations. Systolic-diastolic ratio of 2.71 (0.80), resistance index of 0.57 (0.13), and pulsatility index of 0.75 (0.32) were reported among spontaneous abortion cases and significantly higher than the successful gestations. The cut off point of systolic-diastolic ratio was ≥ 1.7, resistance index was ≥ 0.4, and pulsatility index was ≥ 0.45, with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 100%, respectively, in the prediction of spontaneous abortion. Conclusion: The systolic-diastolic ratio, resistance index, and pulsatility index of decidual spiral arteries in early pregnancy bleeding were significantly higher in pregnancies ended with spontaneous abortion than in the successful ones. This abnormally higher resistance of decidual spiral arteries could predict subsequent spontaneous abortion. Key word: Doppler velocimetry, early pregnancy, bleeding, decidual spiral arteries
The Quality of Web-Based Information on Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty: A Cross-Sectional Survey

The Internet has become an important source of information for patients. Websites offering medical information are not subject to peer-review. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of information available on the web regarding hip resurfacing arthroplasty. The search term ‘hip resurfacing’ was entered into five commonly used general search engines. The 20 highest-ranked websites from each engine were reviewed, after eliminating duplicate and nonrelevant sites. Each site was then given a quality score (maximum of 20) according to predefined general and specific criteria. Our search identified 40 unique websites. Commercial websites were the most common (n=17). Quality scores ranged from 8 to 18, indicating that the quality of information on the web varied widely. The mean score for all sites was 11.7, SD 2.6, and only four websites scored >15. Fifteen sites did not mention the disadvantages or complications specific to hip resurfacing. The quality of information on the Internet regarding hip resurfacing is variable. Only four sites out of 40 were deemed to be of high quality. Orthopaedic surgeons need to be aware of these limitations, and take the lead in educating and counselling their patients. (Hip International 2006: 16: 268-72)
A Simplified Method of Attachment for the Quadhelix and Transpalatal Arch

The quadhelix is a popular and well established component of fixed appliance systems which can be used to change the transverse dimension of the upper arch and obtain rotational control of upper molars. The simple transpalatal (goshgarian) arch connects upper molars and may increase their anchorage capacity, reduce tipping and rotation, and possibly allow some intrusion. Various modifications have been introduced over the years including changes in the design and material, and the addition of springs and habit deterrents. The fixed palatal expansion appliance was introduced by Coffin (1881) and modified by Ricketts (1973) to produce the popular design still in current use. The design, construction, and clinical management of the standard quadhelix has been described by Birnie and McNamara (1980). The usual method of attachment is to solder the quadhelix to the upper molar bands, though another modification uses specially constructed weldable attachments which allow the quadhelix to be removed without the bands (Asher, 1985). Jones and Waters (1989a) derived the behaviour of the quadhelix theoretically in terms of the properties of the wire used and its dimensions and spatial geometry. In a further paper (1989b), they examined the effect on the clinical characteristics of altering the relative size of the component parts. The quadhelix modification (Figs 1 and 2) is a continuous length of wire arranged into four helices around the hard palate, curving bilaterally behind the most distal molar, passing anteriorly in the buccal sulcus and terminating with a reverse bend into the headgear tube of the molar band. The reverse bend is indented in order to receive a retaining ligature or module which may be secured to the buccal hook of the molar band. This method of attachment is also applicable to the transpalatal arch. This variation of the quadhelix will facilitate addition by soldering of various springs, arms or habit deterrants. An acrylic button may also be added to the anterior bridge of the transpalatal arch (Fig. 2). The quadhelix can be removed regularly to clean the acrylic button and examine the palatal mucosa.
Supernumerary ectopic limbs in Korean indigenous cattle: four case reports

Four head of Korean indigenous cattle were presented to the Chonbuk Animal Medical Centre, Chonbuk National University, with the complaint of the presence of extra limb(s) since birth. The accessory limb(s) were underdeveloped in all the cases and attached to the lateral side of the withers craniodorsal to the right scapula in Case 1 and 2; in Case 3, right dorsally to the 4 th cervical vertebra and in Case 4 it was ventrolateral to the thorax caudally to the right forelimb. In all the cases, the congenital anomaly was diagnosed as the presence of supernumerary ectopic limb(s) (SEL), which were removed by surgical excisions under general anaesthesia. In all the cases, the surgical corrections resulted in normal locomotion and better quality of life. No postoperative complications were observed during a 1-year follow up period. The SEL can be successfully removed by surgical excisions, which can result in normal locomotion and better aesthesis of the animal.
Comparing the Effect of Peer Support and Training by Healthcare Providers on Women’s Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy

Background & aim: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is an important factor affecting the success and duration of breastfeeding. Self-efficacy of people is influenced by four sources including performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion and the physiological responses which seem to be modified by breastfeeding intervention. This study was conducted to compare the effect of providing peer support versus training women by health care providers on breastfeeding self-efficacy. Methods:This controlled clinical trial was conducted on 93 primiparous women in Mashhad health-care centres. Three centres were selected as clusters and subjects who attended each cluster were randomly allocated to three groups of peer support, training by health care providers and control. The peer support group received support from their peers four times. Subjects who were trained by health care providers participated in four training sessions by health care providers and the control group only received the routine care. At the end of the eighth postpartum week, data were collected using the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. The data were analysed using ANOVA and paired t-test with SPSS, version 14. Results: The mean score of self-efficacy at the end of the eighth postpartum week, in the peer support, training by healthcare providers and control groups, were 54.4±9.75, 50.8±13.05 and 56.4±9.49, respectively. The three groups showed no significant differences in terms of breastfeeding self-efficacy score at the end of the eighth postpartum week (‌P-value=0.125). Breastfeeding self-efficacy score at baseline and at the end of the eighth postpartum week were significantly different in peer support and training by health care providers groups (P=0.05). Conclusion: Peer support and training by healthcare providers have similar impact on breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women. So they could be used interchangeably to promote breastfeeding behavior.
Combating Iodine and Iron Deficiencies through the Double Fortification of Fish Sauce, Mixed Fish Sauce, and Salt Brine

Two iodine and seven iron compounds were tested for use in the fortification of pure fish sauce, mixed fish sauce, and salt brine for cooking as a means to combat iodine and iron deficiencies. Ferrous sulfate, sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ferric ammonium citrate, and ferrous lactate were combined with potassium iodide with no effect on sensory quality. Product shelf-life testing revealed that no iron or iodine losses occurred during a three-month storage period. Although the color of most products darkened, the color was not significantly different from that of nonfortified products after two to three months. Sensory home-use tests revealed that the fortified products were acceptable to highly acceptable, with only 1.2% to 8.2% of the dishes cooked using the fortified products being reported as discolored. The cost of fortification was minimal, at 0.13 to 2.73 baht per bottle (750 ml)(42 baht = US$1). Consequently, these products show a potential for inclusion in national programs for the prevention of micronutrient deficiencies in Asian countries where fish sauce and its products are routinely consumed.
Graduate Degree/ Major: Ms Applied Psychology

0 l understand that this research report must be officially approved by the Graduate School and that an electronic copy of the approved version will be made available through the University Library website 0 I attest that the research report is my original work (that any copyrightable materials have been used with the permission of the original authors), and as such, it is automatically protected by the Jaws, rules, and regulations of the U.S. Copyright Office.
What Newer Forms of Health Management Technology Can Be Used in Programming?

INTRODUCTION We all use technologies of various kinds in heal th promotion program­ ming. Older technology and the evi­ dence for its effects on heal th were examined in The Art of Health Promotion newsletter (volume 1, issue 3). Now we tu rn our at tent ion to newer prevent ion and heal th man­ agement technologies (Table 1), each of which is in development and mov­ ing toward more widespread applica­ tion and use. For each technology, I provide a brief descript ion and major highlights.
A Dedicated Vascular access Program can Improve Arteriovenous Fistula Rates without Increasing Catheters

Purpose We describe the development and implementation of a comprehensive multidisciplinary vascular access (VA) program and describe its impact on VA distribution rates. Methods A retrospective review of all incident and prevalent patients in our hemodialysis (HD) unit was conducted in September 2001 to determine baseline data including: type of VA along with patient characteristics and comorbidities. Similar data was extracted from the database in 2005 for incident and prevalent patients. Results The VA program had a significant impact on arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) rates in both incident and prevalent HD patients: incident AVF rates increased from 14 to 39% (p=0.04) and prevalent AVF rates from 60 to 64% (p=0.015). Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender (OR 1.79 [CI 0.85–0.98, p=0.006]) and year of dialysis initiation 2005 vs. 2001 (OR 1.65 [CI 1.09–2.5, p=0.017]) were associated with AVF use among prevalent HD patients. Furthermore, age (per 5 years over 70) is associated with a decreased likelihood of having an AVF (OR 0.91 [CI 0.85–0.98, p=0.009]) whereas comorbidities of cardiovascular disease and diabetes had no impact. Conclusion We demonstrate that a structured VA program can increase the number of functioning fistulas without a corresponding increase in catheters in incident and prevalent HD patients.
The orthogeriatric unit for acute patients: A new model of care that improves efficiency in the management of patients with hip fracture

We performed a prospective, quasi-experimental, randomised, interventional study comparing two models of care for patients admitted with osteoporotic hip fractures between February and August 2007 in a tertiary university hospital. The usual model of care was treatment of patients admitted to the orthopaedics ward, with consultation by the geriatrician (CG model). The study model involved admission to an acute orthogeriatric unit (OGU model), with joint care provided by geriatricians and orthopaedic surgeons which included immediate geriatric assessment, coordinated daily clinical care, weekly combined ward rounds, and joint planning of the surgical schedule, initial mobilisation, discharge date and destination. No differences were found between CG patients (123) and OGU patients (101) in terms of previous characteristics, number of patients surgically treated, functional level obtained, or discharge destination. OGU patients had earlier geriatric assessment (median 1 day, P25-P75: 1–2) than CG patients (median 4 days, P25-P75: 3–8), earlier surgery (median 5 days from admission to OGU, P25-P75: 3–6, versus 6 days in the CG group, P25–P75: 5–9), and had a shorter acute hospital stay (33% reduction, median 12 days in OGU, P25-P75: 9–14, versus 18 days, P25-P75: 13–23 in the CG group) and total (acute and subacute) hospital stay (30% reduction, median 14 days in OGU, P25-P75: 10–31, versus 20 days, P25-P75: 14–30 in the CG group). All these comparisons were statistically significant (p<0.01). The organization of an OGU in a tertiary hospital allowed hip fracture patients to receive earlier geriatric assessment and surgical treatment. Acute hospital stay was reduced by 33%, and total hospital stay was reduced by 30% with no differences at discharge in clinical and functional outcomes.
Long Term Preservation of Femoral Bone following Hemiresurfacing

Long term femoral fixation, bone remodeling and neck preservation are demonstrated histologically in three hips treated with hemiresurfacing. They were performed in young patients for Ficat stage III or early IV osteonecrosis as a “time buying procedure”. The cases were revised after 13, 16 and 22 years because of cartilage wear which was anticipated. One head was resurfaced using titanium and two with custom alumina ceramic components. Fixation was achieved using early bone cleansing and cementing techniques. Retrieval analysis found remarkable preservation of bone stock and viability without neck narrowing.