Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drinking Patterns and Problems: A Comparison of Primary Care with the Emergency Room

A comparison is made of drinking patterns and problems of probability samples of noninjured patients drawn from the emergency room (ER) (n = 974) versus primary care clinics (n = 767) in the same metropolitan community. Those in the primary care sample were significantly less likely to report heavier drinking, consequences of drinking, alcohol dependence, and ever having treatment for an alcohol problem, controlling for demographic differences between the two sites. The data suggest that while primary care settings remain an important site for early identification and intervention for problem drinking, the ER may hold more potential for targeting prevention efforts in an era of reduced resources.
To Publish or Not: Experience and Evidence About Publishing Hospital Outcomes Data

Since the mid-1980s, the publication of hospital outcomes data has become increasingly popular. Canada and the US operate performance reporting systems, with similar initiatives planned in Australia and New Zealand (Mannion and Davies, 2002). In Europe, outcomes data are collected and published in the UK, Italy, Scandinavia and the Netherlands (Marshall and Brook, 2002). Whilst political and regulatory attitudes differ across countries, the economic motivations are often similar. Concern with escalating health care costs and regional variations in the quality of care has led countries to examine ways to improve value for money from their health systems, one of which is to place key data in the public domain (Marshall et al., 2003, Davies and Lampel, 1998, Fottler et al., 1987). Publication also forms part of a framework of accountability, along with regulation such as audit, accreditation, licensing and inspections; market (or quasi market) forces; and legislation (Davies, 1999). More broadly, publication is a means of realising the key political and cultural objectives of transparency and openness - publication aims to promote – or restore – public trust (Marshall et al., 2000a, Davies and Shields, 1999). A related motivation is that the public places ever more emphasis on a 'right to know' about goods and services generally, a right that is recognised in the Freedom of Information Act 2000. Thus, the availability of information is also valued for its own sake, whether or not this changes behaviour. The aims of this report are to describe and discuss particular systems of publication of hospital outcomes data in some detail, to present a critique of what these systems, why they were set up and how they operate, and to explore the potential implications for policy and practice in the UK health care system.
Evidence for a complex role of HLA class II genotypes in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in Iceland

We analyzed the association of HLA-DR and -DQ haplotypes and alleles with multiple sclerosis (MS) in 91 patients and 91 controls from Iceland using the relative predispositional effect method. The aim was to establish whether there is heterogeneity in HLA associations with MS, whether there are both predispositional and protective haplotypes, and whether sequence motifs also contribute to MS susceptibility. MS was positively associated with a DR2 haplotype (DRB5*0101-DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602), and empirical logistic analysis indicated that this haplotype is MS-associated because of a primary MS association with the DR2 allele. A DR13 haplotype (DRB1*1302-DQA1*0102-DQB1*0604) was negatively associated with MS, i.e., protective. Study of DR2-negative patients and controls confirmed this negative association and identified a second protective DR haplotype (DRB1*0701-DQA1*0201-DQB1*0201). Within these protective haplotypes in DR2-negative individuals, both DQA1 alleles and one DQB1 allele (*0604) were protective, but neither DR allele was protective, i.e., DQ loci may be more important than DR loci in encoding molecules protective against MS. Predispositional (Phe67) and protective (Ile67) DR beta sequence motifs were present in the total and DR2-negative patient and control groups. Since DQ but not DR alleles appear to be protective, DR beta Ile67 may confer additional protection against MS. Study of family-normal controls confirmed the MS association with the DR2 haplotype, and the transmission-disequilibrium test showed cosegregation and linkage of DR2 alleles and MS in families. NEUROLOGY 1996;46: 1107-1111
Effect of temperature on the development time and survival of preimaginal Culex hepperi (Diptera: Culicidae)

N The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of temperature on the development time and survival of Culex (Culex) hepperi Casal and Garcia, 1967. Individuals were reared in the laboratory, from the fi rst larval stage to adult emergence, at fi ve constant temperatures: 15, 20, 25, 30, and 33°C. The total development time was inversely related to temperature between 15 and 25°C. No differences were observed in the development time between sexes and no adults emerged at 33°C. In the larval stages III and IV, the time required for molting to the next stage increased at 30°C. The highest survival was recorded at 20°C. The more developed stages were less resistant to temperatures above and below 20°C. According to the nonlinear model of Briere, the lower and upper development thresholds were 2.6 and 33°C, respectively. Our results suggest that the effect of temperature depends upon the stage of development of C. hepperi.
The Relationship Between Disturbed Dreaming and Somatic Distress: A Prospective Investigation

Despite an abundant literature on disturbed dreaming (DD) incidence and psychopathology, little is known about the pathogenesis of these dream disturbances. Recent work strongly suggests that DD distress may be the primary determinant of the relationship between DD and waking psychological impairment. This is the first empirical investigation of the possible role of somatic distress as a crucial pathway in this relationship. A total of 313 college undergraduates completed 3 measures of somatic distress (SCL-90-R Somatization scale, Somatic Interpretations Questionnaire and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index) and then monitored their DD incidence and distress for 21 consecutive days. It was predicted that high levels of somatic distress would be associated with heightened levels of both DD incidence and distress. Although the results were somewhat mixed, individuals who reported more incidents of both bad dreams and nightmares did indeed report higher levels of somatic distress. The results were largely consistent with our predictions and the findings are discussed with regard to recent modeling by Levin and Nielsen (2007) in identifying key cognitive diatheses for the development of DD.
Analysis of Transient EM Scattering From Penetrable Objects by Time Domain Nonconformal VIE

A marching-on-in-time (MOT)-based nonconformal volume integral equation (VIE) is proposed to analyze the transient electromagnetic scattering from the inhomogeneous penetrable objects. The gradient-gradient operator is acted on the Green's function to realize the nonconformal tetrahedral meshes discretization. Half Schaubert-Wilton-Glisson (SWG) basis functions are chosen for the trail and test spatial functions, meanwhile the piecewise polynomial Lagrange interpolation functions are applied for temporal expansion. In addition, the quasi-explicit scheme is introduced to accelerate the calculation of conventional implicit MOT system. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the flexibility and validity of the proposed scheme.
INFLUENCES ON ADOPTION OF CLOUD-BASED ERP SYSTEMS IN SMEs: THE TECHNOLOGICAL-ORGANIZATIONAL-ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK

How to cite this paper: Bhatti, T. (2017). Influences on adoption of cloudbased ERP systems in SMEs: The technological-organizationalenvironmental framework. Corporate Ownership & Control, 15(1-2), 370-380. http://doi.org/10.22495/cocv15i1c2p6 Copyright © 2017 The Authors This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC
Randomized prospective clinical trial of high-dose epirubicin and dexrazoxane in patients with advanced breast cancer and soft tissue sarcomas.

PURPOSE We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate primarily the cardioprotective effect of dexrazoxane (DEX) in patients with advanced breast cancer and soft tissue sarcomas (STS) treated with high-dose epirubicin (EPI). We wished also to determine the value of radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) in the assessment of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with breast cancer (n = 95) or STS (n = 34) received EPI 160 mg/m2 by intravenous (I.V.) bolus every 3 weeks with or without DEX 1,000 mg/m2 I.V. Cardiac monitoring included multigated radionuclide (MUGA) scans with determination of resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and RIS with indium 111 antimyosin monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS In either disease, antitumor response rates, time to progression, and survival did not significantly differ between the two arms. There was little difference in noncardiac toxicity for the two treatment groups. All methods of cardiac evaluation clearly documented the cardioprotective effect of DEX. Four patients developed congestive heart failure (CHF), all in the EPI arm. The decrease in LVEF from baseline was significantly greater in the control group. An abnormal antimyosin uptake was observed early in both arms and progressively increased during treatment. However, this increase was significantly higher in the EPI group (P = .004). CONCLUSION DEX significantly protects against the development of cardiotoxicity when high single doses of EPI are used. Apparently, there was no evidence of an adverse impact of DEX on antitumor activity. Although RIS is a sensitive technique in detecting anthracycline cardiac damage, its specificity is low and it cannot be considered a primary test for guiding anthracycline treatment.
The composition of milk fat.

Bovine milk contains about 3.5 to 5% total lipid, existing as emulsified globules 2 to 4 microns in diameter and coated with a membrane derived from the secreting cell. In homogenized milk, the coat is mostly casein. About 98% or more of the lipid is triacylglycerol, which is found in the globule. Phospholipids are about . 5 to 1% of total lipids, and sterols are . 2 to . 5%. These are mostly located in the globule membrane. Cholesterol is the major sterol at 10 to 20 mg/dl. Data are presented on the membrane and the emulsion. Bovine milk contains substantial quantities of C4:0 to C10:0, about 2% each of C18:2 and trans-C18:1, and almost no other long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid composition is not altered by ordinary changes in diet. The triacylglycerol structure is unique, with much of the C4:0 to C10:0 at sn-3. The effects of milk cholesterol and fatty acids on human blood cholesterol levels and nonnutritive roles of some microlipids are discussed.
The role of Venture Capitalists reputation on exit transactions

Should an entrepreneur choose to receive funds from the Venture Capitalists who pay more for his business or should he opt for the ones with better reputation? Existent research finds that more reputable VCs lead portfolio companies more often and in shorter periods of time to an IPO or a trade sale and provide better performance even after the exit event, in the US. This work aims to assess the impact of VCs’ reputation on the likelihood and timing of success for European portfolio firms. To do this, there were constructed three different measures of reputation as well as variables to control for portfolio firms’ quality of portfolio firms and exit market conditions. Analysing firms which received their first round of VC investment between 2005 and 2012 and applying the logit and survival models we find European portfolio firms backed by higher reputation VC investors have higher probability, and take less time, to be involved in an IPO or a trade sale. is based on previous investments in the VC industry) and 0 for the remaining firms. The quality of the portfolio firms was captured by two variables: Rounds (which was constructed through the number of VC investments a portfolio firm received in the first 5 years) and Amount (captures the total funding across all investment rounds by each portfolio firm). Exit market conditions were proxied by the variable Market (log of the number of IPOs in the three months prior to the exit). For companies which hadn’t exit on November 17 th , 2017 the measure was the 3-month average number of IPOs between the month of the first round and November, 2017. We allow for time-varying for these two variables. Country, funding year and industry effects are included. Statistical significance is represented by * at 10%, ** at 5% and *** at 1%. Standard deviations are presented in parenthesis. first round investment and 2012. dependent takes the value of 1 if the portfolio company made an IPO, 2 if it was acquired if it didn’t exit by November 17 th , is by three different dummy takes the value the top in terms of (this measure of reputation for and trade and in terms of takes
Determinants Influencing the Usage of Balanced Scorecard for Performance Measurement: The Case of Vietnam

This research is conducted for testing the hypothesis of the relationship between contingency variables and the usage of Balanced Score Card (BSC) for performance measurement. Data were collected by receiving 217 questionnaires given to firms in Vietnam using factor analysis, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis. The results show that the business strategy, perceived environmental uncertainty, intensity of competition, total quality management have significant positive impacts on the usage of BSC while the organizational structure has no impact. Based on the findings, some implications have been given for promoting the usage of BSC for performance measurement in firms in emerging countries, including Vietnam.
Ventilatory effects of acetazolamide in cats during hypoxemia.

In normoxemic cats, acetazolamide (ACTZ) has been shown to cause a large rise in ventilation (VE) but a decrease in peripheral chemoreceptor activity. The relative contribution of the peripheral chemoreceptors to ventilation is higher during hypoxemia than during normoxemia. Therefore, what are the effects of ACTZ during steady-state hypoxemia? The aims of this study in anesthetized cats were 1) to study the effect of ACTZ (50 mg/kg iv) on mean hypoxemic [arterial PO2 (PaO2) approximately 6 kPa] ventilation and 2) to study the effect of ACTZ on the isocapnic hypoxic ventilatory response. In the first study, in six cats with an inspiratory CO2 fraction of 0, ACTZ led to an insignificant rise in mean VE of 119 ml.min-1.kg-1 after 1 h. In five other cats maintained at an inspiratory CO2 fraction of 0.015, ACTZ resulted in a significantly larger response in VE (268 and 373 ml.min-1.kg-1 after 1 and 2 h, respectively). In the second study, before infusion in five cats, an isocapnic fall in mean PaO2 from 13 to 4.7 kPa led to a significant rise in mean VE of 385 ml.min-1.kg-1; 1 h later, the response (at the same mean alveolar PCO2) was reduced to an insignificant rise of 38 ml.min-1.kg-1. Before infusion four other cats showed a significant rise in mean VE of 390 ml.min-1.kg-1 when mean PaO2 was lowered isocapnically from 12.4 to 6.8 kPa; 2 h after infusion, an isocapnic fall in mean PaO2 from 13.9 to 7.2 kPa led to an insignificant rise of 112 ml.min-1.kg-1. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Influence of hepatitis C virus coinfection on CD4+ T cells of HIV-infected patients receiving HAART

Objective:The effects of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection on immune homeostasis and immune restoration in treated HIV infection are not well understood. Methods:We studied 79 HIV-infected patients who had been receiving HAART for more than 2 years and who had HIV viral load below 50 copies/ml. Four patient groups were studied: HIV+/HCV+, CD4+ cells above 350/&mgr;l; HIV+/HCV+, CD4+ cells below 350/&mgr;l; HIV+/HCV–, CD4+ cells above 350/&mgr;l; HIV+/HCV–, CD4+ cells below 350/&mgr;l. Controls comprised 20 healthy volunteers. Naive, central memory, effector memory, and terminal effector CD4+ T cells were enumerated. Naive CD4+CD31+ T cells were counted as recent thymic emigrants (RTEs). Activation state and ex-vivo apoptosis of CD4+ T cells, levels of liver enzymes, and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index were evaluated. Results:CD4+ T-cell counts and the numbers of all circulating CD4+ T-cell maturation subsets were diminished in HIV infection; CD4+ T-cell activation and apoptosis were increased in HIV infection, but none of these indices was affected by HCV coinfection. RTE numbers were diminished in HIV infection, were inversely related to age, and were increased in women and lower in HIV+/HCV+ patients than in singly HIV-infected patients. In coinfected patients, RTE numbers were inversely related to levels of liver enzymes, but not to HCV viral load. Conclusion:Whereas we could find no relationship between HCV infection and most indices of CD4+ T-cell homeostasis or activation, CD4+ RTEs are diminished in the circulation of HCV coinfected persons and appear to be related to indices of ongoing hepatic damage or inflammation.
Evidence that disgust evolved to protect from risk of disease

Disgust is a powerful human emotion that has been little studied until recently. Current theories do not coherently explain the purpose of disgust, nor why a wide range of stimuli can provoke a similar emotional response. Over 40 000 individuals completed a web–based survey using photo stimuli. Images of objects holding a potential disease threat were reported as significantly more disgusting than similar images with little or no disease relevance. This pattern of response was found across all regions of the world. Females reported higher disgust sensitivity than males; there was a constant decline in disgust sensitivity over the life course; and the bodily fluids of strangers were found more disgusting than those of close relatives. These data provide evidence that the human disgust emotion may be an evolved response to objects in the environment that represent threats of infectious disease.
Phase 1 study of lonafarnib (SCH 66336) and imatinib mesylate in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who have failed prior single‐agent therapy with imatinib

Lonafarnib is an orally bioavailable nonpetidomimetic farnesyl transferase inhibitor with significant activity against BCR‐ABL‐positive cell lines and primary human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. Lonafarnib can inhibit the proliferation of imatinib‐resistant cells and increases imatinib‐induced apoptosis in vitro in cells from imatinib‐resistant patients.
Longitudinal Growth After Nonphyseal Forearm Fractures

The overgrowth phenomenon after fracture has been considered rare in the upper extremity. This study analyzes 119 patients with forearm fractures treated conservatively. All patients had scanograms of both forearms 5 years later. A difference in length more than 2 mm was considered a discrepancy. Positive values of discrepancy were called overgrowth. A radial length discrepancy was observed in 80 patients (67.2%) and overgrowth in 38 (26.8%); ulnar values were 65 (54.6%) and 29 (24.3%), respectively. Radial overgrowth and ulnar overgrowth were related to the location of the radial fracture and handedness but not to the type of fracture, age or sex of the patient, or the presence or absence of an associated ulnar fracture. Discrepancy did not show a significant relationship to any of these variables. Surprisingly, fractures in the proximal and middle thirds often presented with overgrowth, whereas those closer to the distal physis did not.
Deep learning in remote sensing: a review

Standing at the paradigm shift towards data-intensive science, machine learning techniques are becoming increasingly important. In particular, as a major breakthrough in the field, deep learning has proven as an extremely powerful tool in many fields. Shall we embrace deep learning as the key to all? Or, should we resist a 'black-box' solution? There are controversial opinions in the remote sensing community. In this article, we analyze the challenges of using deep learning for remote sensing data analysis, review the recent advances, and provide resources to make deep learning in remote sensing ridiculously simple to start with. More importantly, we advocate remote sensing scientists to bring their expertise into deep learning, and use it as an implicit general model to tackle unprecedented large-scale influential challenges, such as climate change and urbanization.
Essays on investment and risk management

In this dissertation, I consider a range of topics in investment and risk management. I seek to understand several existing yet puzzling phenomena from a theoretical perspective. In the first chapter, we study the optimal insurance demand of a riskand ambiguityaverse consumer if contract nonperformance risk is perceived as ambiguous. Ambiguity lowers optimal insurance demand and the consumer’s degree of ambiguity aversion is negatively associated with the optimal level of coverage. Biased beliefs and greater ambiguity may increase or decrease the optimal demand for insurance, and we determine sufficient conditions for a negative effect. We also discuss wealth effects and evaluate the robustness of our results by considering several alternative models of ambiguity aversion. Our findings show how ambiguous nonperformance risk can undermine the functioning of insurance markets, making it a concern for regulators. Caution is required though because, as we show, demand reactions are only imperfectly informative about the welfare effects of nonperformance risk. In the second chapter, we address an ongoing debate on pension investment policy: should defined-benefit corporate pension plans invest aggressively in risky securities or completely de-risk their assets? In our model, firms maximize shareholder value subject to the participation constraint of employees, who are wealth-constrained and are partially exposed to pension investment risk via a corporate bankruptcy channel and a pension surplus sharing channel. For a reasonable set of parameter values, the model-suggested optimal
SIRT1 modulates high‐mobility group box 1‐induced osteoclastogenic cytokines in human periodontal ligament cells

Bone resorptive cytokines contribute to bone loss in periodontal disease. However, the involvement of SIRT1 in high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)‐induced osteoclastic cytokine production remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SIRT1 in the responses of human periodontal ligament cells to HMGB1 and to identify the underlying mechanisms. The effect of HMGB1 on osteoclastic cytokine expression and secretion, and the regulatory mechanisms involved were studied by ELISA, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. HMGB1 upregulated the mRNA expression levels of the osteoclastic cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐11, and IL‐17. In addition, HMGB1 upregulated RANKL mRNA expression, and SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression. The upregulation of these cytokines by HMGB1 was attenuated by pretreatment with inhibitors of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and NF‐κB, as well as neutralizing antibodies against Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4. Inhibition of SIRT1 by sirtinol or SIRT1 siRNA blocked the HMGB1‐stimulated expression of RANKL and cytokines. These results suggest that the inhibition of SIRT1 may attenuate HMGB1‐mediated periodontal bone resorption through the modulation of osteoclastogenic cytokine levels in human periodontal ligament cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1310–1320, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.