Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between history of abdominopelvic surgery and tubal pathology.

BACKGROUND Pelvic infection, unsafe abortion and previous laparatomy are risk factors for tubal infertility among Nigerian women. Reports on the relationship between these factors and tubal pathology seen on hysterosalpingography (HSG) from our environment have been few. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of tubal occlusions among patients referred for HSG and examine the association between previous history of abdominopelvic surgery (including dilatation and curettage for abortion) and tubal occlusion. METHODS We studied one hundred and thirty women referred to the Radiology department for HSG because of infertility. HSG was performed during the early proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. Information about type and duration of infertility, history of abdomino -pelvic surgery and history suggestive of previous pelvic infection, were obtained from the patients. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 11. Test of association using the chi-square test was done where appropriate and differences were considered at p= 0.05. RESULTS Sixty one women had bilaterally patent tubes; tubal pathology was seen in sixty nine women. Significant association exits between tubal pathology and history of pelvic surgery p=0.01, pelvic infection p=0.02 and duration of infertility p=0.04. CONCLUSION Previous surgery especially dilation and curettage, PID duration and type of infertility are associated with tubal pathology among Nigerian women. Creative methods of lowering the cost of diagnosis and management of tubal occlusion need to be instituted.
Association of recurrent chlamydial infection with gonorrhea.

To determine whether concurrent gonorrhea reactivates latent chlamydial infection, we studied 74 recurrent chlamydial infections and the effect of concurrent gonorrhea at the recurrent episode on the chlamydial serovar identified. Serotyping of 74 recurrent pairs of chlamydial isolates from patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic indicated that 47.1% (16 of 34) with gonorrhea at the time of recurrence harbored chlamydiae of the same serovar as at the initial infection, while only 22.5% (9 of 40) without gonorrhea had the same serovar (P = .03). The proportion of recurrences by the same serovar in the group without gonorrhea did not differ from the proportion predicted by a random exposure model (22.2% vs. 18.4%, P = .46), while the proportion in the gonorrhea group did (47.1% vs. 19.8%, P less than .0001). The possibility of reinfection did not appear more likely in the group with gonorrhea than in the group without. These observations support the hypothesis that concurrent gonorrhea can reactivate latent chlamydial infection.
Influence of least restrictive environment and community based training on integrated employment outcomes for transitioning students with severe disabilities

Least restrictive environment and community-based training that includes on the job instruction, were correlated with integrated employment outcomes for 104 transitioning students with severe disabilities. The participants of this three-year study included students with severe disabilities in the Orange County, California, public school system that exited school at 21 or 22 years of age. The variables that predicted successful integrated employment at the time of transition (a paid job with non-disabled co-workers at graduation) were: duration of community-based training (CBT) that included on-the-job training, and age appropriate physical integration with non-disabled peers. Mental ability as measured by intelligence quotient (I.Q.), behavior problems, physical disability and participant demographics did not correlate with integrated employment outcome. Transitioning students in integrated age appropriate school settings, receiving CBT and on-the-job training demonstrated a 69.2% integrated employment rate post-graduation.
Protection of dogs against canine hepatitis with Toronto A26-61 virus (kennel cough isolate) hexon antigen.

Intravenous challenge with virulent ICH virus of dogs vaccinated with a purified hexon suspension of the adenovirus A26/61, associated with kennel cough, indicated that cross–protection occurred. Whereas dogs vaccinated with either ICH or A26/61 hexon preparations resisted challenge, four control dogs which were challenged similarly, died. Two control animals were challenged by the subcutaneous route and exhibited signs of illness: in one, high serum levels of enzymes suggested liver damage. Both these controls developed a focal interstitial nephritis whereas the vaccinated animals remained normal throughout. Because of the serological cross–reactions between the two strains of canine adenovirus, it is suggested that ICH vaccine is likely to protect against challenge with the A26/61 variant. Resume. Des tests intraveineux de virus virulent IGH de chiens inocules avec une suspension d'hexone purifiee du virus adenotrope A26/61, associe avec la toux des chiens, ont indique qu'une contre-defense s'etait produite. Tandis que des chiens inocules avec soit IGH ou des preparations d'hexone A26/61 ont resiste aux tests, quatre chiens temoins soumis pareillement aux tests, sont morts. Deux animaux temoins ont ete soumis a des tests par voie souscutanee et ont montre des signes de maladie: chez un de ces chiens, des taux eleves d'enzymes ont suggere un foie malade. Ces temoins ont tous deux developpe une nephrite focale intersitielle tandis que les animaux inocules sont restes tout a fait normaux. a cause des contre-reactions serologiques entre les deux souches de virus adenotrope canin, on suggere que le vaccin ICH protegera probablement contre des tests avec la variation A26/61. Zusammenfassung. Intravenoser Immunitatstest mit virulentem IGH Virus von Hunden die mit einer gereinigten Hexon Suspensions von adenotropen Viren A26/61 (mit Hundezwinger Husten in Verbindung gebracht) geimpft wurden, deutete derauf hin dass Kreuzschutz auftrat. Wahrend Hunde die mit ICH oder A26/61 Hexon Praparat geimpft waren den Immunitatstest uberstanden, gingen vier Kontrollhunde die ahnlichen Bedingungen ausgesetztwaren, ein. Zwei Kontrolltiere waren der subkutaner Art ausgesetzt und zeigten Krankheits-anzeichen: in einem liess der hohe Serumspiegal von Enzymen auf Leberschaden deuten. Beide dieser Kontrollhunde entwickelten eine interstitielle Herdnephritis, wahrend die geimpften Tiere durchweg nornal blieben. Wegen der seroligischen Kreuzreaktion zwischen den beiden Stammen von Hunde-adenotropen Viren, weist man darauf hin dass ICH Vakzin moglicherweise gegen Angriffvon der A26/61 Variante schutzt.
Anti-TNF trough levels and detection of antibodies to anti-TNF in inflammatory bowel disease: are they ready for everyday clinical use?

Introduction: In the last two decades, with the development of biological (anti-TNFα) therapy, the treatment paradigms for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have evolved, with a continuously increasing role of biologicals. Some patients, however, experience lack- or loss of response (LOR) to treatment, and management of such patients is often empirical. Areas covered: The available data regarding the relationship between serum anti-TNF concentrations, antibodies against anti-TNF agents, and clinical efficacy, as well as the development of adverse events and management of LOR. Expert opinion: Monitoring drug levels and antibodies is expected to play an emerging role in the management of LOR (i.e., to confirm adherence, allow for dose adjustment, or provide a rationale for switching to another anti-TNF agent or to a different class of biological agent) in the coming years. The optimal method of detection is however not clear. In clinical practice, meticulous complex assessment of clinical symptoms, confirmation of active disease by endoscopic or radiological imaging, and exclusion of complications remains necessary.
Coping With Breast Cancer: Patient, Spouse, and Dyad Models

Objective The objectives of this study were 1) to assess similarities and differences between patients with breast cancer and their spouses in terms of coping strategies and adjustment (psychosocial and psychological) to cancer and 2) to investigate the pattern of relationships between the patients’ and spouses’ coping strategies and between each of these strategies and the patient’s adjustment to the illness using three types of models: patient, spousal, and dyadic coping. Methods Seventy-three patients with breast cancer and their spouses completed questionnaires that measured distress (Brief Symptom Inventory), psychosocial adjustment, and coping strategies. Results The patients’ distress was greater than their spouses’, but a similar level of psychosocial adjustment was reported. The patients used more strategies involving problem-focused coping than their spouses. The use of emotion-focused coping, which included ventilation and avoidance strategies, was highly related to distress and poor adjustment on the part of the patient. The spouses’ emotion-focused coping and distress were related to that of the patients. Dyad emotion-focused coping measures were highly associated with the patients’ distress and adjustment. Conclusions Spousal and dyad coping are important factors in a patient’s adjustment to breast cancer.
Direct and indirect control of orexin/hypocretin neurons by glycine receptors

Normal wakefulness relies on brain cells called orexin/hypocretin neurons. Activity of these cells stimulates awakening while their loss produces the sleep disorder narcolepsy. By studying what makes orexin/hypocretin cells more or less active, we can thus gain insights into how the brain switches between different states of consciousness. We describe a new way to turn orexin/hypocretin cells off using a chemical called glycine. We show that glycine shuts down the electrical activity of orexin/hypocretin neurons from the adult brain, but has the opposite effect in the very young brain. Apart from these direct actions on orexin/hypocretin cells, glycine also enhances the ability of other nerve cells to communicate with orexin/hypocretin neurons. These data shed new light on the basic chemical and physical mechanisms regulating orexin/hypocretin neurons, which may also be useful in improving therapeutic strategies for disorders such as insomnia.
Letter to the Editor: Developmental and Reproductive Outcomes of Roundup and Glyphosate In Humans and Animals

To the Editor: The authors of the bibliographic review “Developmental and Reproductive Outcomes in Humans and Animals After Glyphosate Exposure: A Critical Analysis” (Williams et al., 2012) tentatively analyzed four of our articles concerning the cellular toxicity and endocrinedisrupting effects of glyphosate (G)-based herbicides (GBH) including Roundup (R) (Gasnier et al., 2009; Richard et al., 2005; Benachour et al., 2007; Benachour and Seralini, 2009). GBH are the most used pesticides worldwide and major pollutants of rivers and surface waters; moreover, they have become common food and feed contaminants since the development of agricultural edible genetically modified (GM) plants, most of which are tolerant to R (James, 2011). Therefore a review on the developmental and reproductive outcomes induced by these formulations is of great interest. This is also why we have analyzed numerous endpoints of cellular toxicities induced by GBH on more than 10 cell types, and for the first time on cells crucially involved in the development. These include a human embryonic kidneyderived cell line, HEK293; fresh umbilical cord cells; and placental tissue. Of course, any sign of toxicity on these models may also concern developmental effects, in contrast to the assertion of Williams et al. (2012). We have also studied GBH-induced endocrine disruption in other publications that were not reviewed by Williams et al. (2012). These reports focus on the hormonal effects of this pesticide on rat
“Spinning one's wheels”: Nonimproved patients view their psychotherapy

Abstract Objective: To explore psychotherapy experiences among nonimproved young adults in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Method: A two-stage, mixed-method design was used. Twenty patients in the clinical range at pretreatment were identified as either with reliable deterioration or with no reliable change at termination. Interviews at termination and 3-year follow-up were analyzed with grounded theory methodology. Results: “Spinning One's Wheels” emerged as a core category. The patients described the therapeutic relationship as distanced and artificial. While they saw active components in therapy and their own activities in life as beneficial, therapy itself was experienced as overly focused on problem insight and past history. Conclusions: When the therapist does not contribute to the achievement of the patient's treatment goals—even when the patient gains some benefit—the patient does not fully profit from the therapy.
Los Anfibios y los Reptiles Introducidos en Baleares: un repaso a lo que sabemos y un ejemplo de puerta de entrada

La mayor parte de los anfibios y reptiles que conforman las comunidades de Baleares ha sido introducida. Desde que se iniciara la colonizacion humana del archipielago muchas especies se han ido incorporando poco a poco, pero en los ultimos 25 anos el numero de naturalizaciones se ha disparado. La exploracion llevada a cabo en un vivero de Mallorca ha permitido hacer un rapido repaso a todas esas introducciones.
Will the increasing prevalence of atopy have a favourable impact on rheumatoid arthritis?

See article on page 275 Changes in the prevalence or incidence of certain diseases over time are likely to provide clues to pathogenesis. While we rheumatologists worry from time to time about the possible disappearance of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of our major reasons for getting up in the morning,1 2 our colleagues in the chest and allergy clinics have no such anxieties, presiding as they do over a substantial increase in the prevalence of asthma and other atopic disorders.3 Particularly striking have been the changes, over comparatively short periods of time, in the prevalence of atopic disorders in countries of the former Eastern bloc, particularly East Germany, where relative genetic homogeneity of the populations in the former East Germany and West Germany makes comparisons particularly telling. Thus despite heavy levels of atmospheric pollution in the east, which would have been thought likely to exacerbate respiratory diseases, the prevalence of asthma was found to be considerably higher in the less polluted west.4 A more recent study shows that only four years after the fall of communism, the prevalence of hay fever and atopy were measurably increased in Leipzig schoolchildren.5 The slogan that has emerged from such observations is that, with respect to atopic disorders, “civilisation is bad for you”, civilisation being a synonym for western lifestyle.6 What are the likely reasons for this, and why would they be of interest to rheumatologists? To explain the rheumatology interest requires a little immunological background. One of the main advances in immunology in the past decade has been the realisation that recognition of antigen by T lymphocyte can lead to quite different outcomes, depending on the set of cytokines made by the responding T cell.7 Two such sets have been defined, and the cells making them termed …
Discrete-time Adaptive Iterative Learning from Different Tracking Tasks with Variable Initial Conditions

A new discrete-time adaptive iterative learning control (AILC) approach is developed to deal with systems in presence of time-varying parametric uncertainties. By using the analogy between the discrete time axis and the iterative learning axis, the new adaptive ILC can incorporate a Projection algorithm, hence the learning gain can be tuned iteratively along the learning axis and pointwisely along the time axis. The major advantage of the new AILC is that it can relax the identical conditions on the initial state and reference trajectory, in the sequel achieves an almost perfect tracking performance.
Morphologies of rabbit retinal ganglion cells with concentric receptive fields

Rabbit retinal ganglion cells with concentric receptive fields were intracellularly recorded and stained in the isolated superfused eyecup preparation to relate specific physiological response properties to dendritic morphology. Concentric ganglion cells, as traditionally defined, were those that had On or Off centers with antagonistic surrounds but lacked complex response properties such as direction or orientation selectivity. Concentric cells were classified into different groups by extracellular recordings of their On‐ or Off‐center response sign, excitatory receptive field center size, linearity of spatial summation, and brisk vs. sluggish and transient vs. sustained responses to step changes in light intensity. The cells were then impaled, confirmed in identity during intracellular recording, and iontophoretically injected with horseradish peroxidase for histological analysis. Twenty‐three concentric ganglion cells were recovered and morphometrically analyzed. Their physiological response properties were found to be related to a number of underlying two‐ and three‐dimensional attributes of the cell's dendritic branching patterns. The dendrites of all 20 brisk concentric cells and two of the three sluggish cells were found to ramify narrowly in either the proximal or distal half of the inner plexiform layer, corresponding to whether they are On center or Off center, respectively. One of the sluggish concentric cells was found to have a more complex, partially bistratified ramification. Physiologically identified brisk‐sustained‐linear, brisk‐transient‐nonlinear, brisk‐transient‐linear, and at least two classes of sluggish concentric ganglion cells were stained. Each of these physiological classes appears to exhibit a distinct and identifiable dendritic branching pattern.
A Single-Layer Frequency-Selective Surface for Ultrawideband Electromagnetic Shielding

An efficient approach to achieve the shielding effectiveness (SE) by using a frequency-selective surface (FSS) is presented. This FSS, which consists of cross dipoles and rings printed on the opposite sides of a single-layer FR-4 substrate, exhibits a wide, 7.5-GHz stopband to provide simultaneous shielding in both X- and Ka-bands. Experimental results confirm SE of the prototype over an ultra-wide band with more than 20-dB measured attenuation. The design is compact and suitable to provide shielding against the radiation interference caused by license-free and other radio systems.
Collaborative target tracking using distributed Kalman filtering on mobile sensor networks

In this paper, we introduce a theoretical frame work for coupled distributed estimation and motion control of mobile sensor networks for collaborative target tracking. We use a Fisher Information theoretic metric for quality of sensed data. The mobile sensing agents seek to improve the information value of their sensed data while maintaining a safe-distance from other neighboring agents (i.e. perform information-driven flocking). We provide a formal stability analysis of continuous Kalman-Consensus filtering (KCF) algorithm on a mobile sensor network with a flocking-based mobility control model. The discrete-time counterpart of this coupled estimation and control algorithm is successfully applied to tracking of two types of targets with stochastic linear and nonlinear dynamics.
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Desa Tumaluntung Satu Kecamatan Tareran Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan

ABSTRAK Partisipasi masyarakat merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan dari program pembangunan maupun pengembangan masyarakat pedesaan. Partisipasi masyarakat diperlukan untuk mewujudkan pembangunan desa yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan desa itu sendiri. Partisipasi masyarakat bukan hanya melibatkan masyarakat dalam pembuatan keputusan di setiap program pembangunan, namun masyarakat juga dilibatkan dalam mengidentifikasi masalah dan pontesi yang ada di masyarakat. Tanpa partisipasi masyarakat setiap kegiatan pembangunan akan gagal. Demikian juga halnya terkait dengan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap penggunaan dan pengelolaan dana desa, keterlibatan ini penting agar penggunaan dan pengelolaannya bisa lebih tepat sasaran dan manfaatnya akan lebih mengena dengan kepentingan riil dari masyarakat. Namun yang terjadi di Desa Tumaluntung Satu Kecamatan Tareran, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan dalam hal penggunaan dan pengelolaan dana desa masih minim terkait dengan keterlibatan atau partisipasi masyarakat. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap dukungan masyarakat terhadap berbagai program yang akan dijalankan dengan menggunakan dana desa. Hal ini tentu saja akan menghianati persyaratan dalam pengelolaan dana desa yang sudah di atur dalam undang-undang No 23 tahun 2014 yang sudah mengatur tentang bagaimana mengelola dan penggunaan dana desa. Terdapat beberapa factor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dana desa seperti kurangnya sosialisasi dari pemerintah desa mengenai program dana desa sehingga masyarakat kurang paham tentang program dana desa tersebut, itu yang membuat masyarakat kurang berpartisipasi. Selain itu faktor pendidikan masyarakat Desa Tumaluntung Satu yang masih kurang, sehingga masyarakat sulit untuk memahami segala aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh orang lain dalam masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Partisipasi Masyarakat, Pengelolaan Dana Desa
Drivers of tree species distribution across a tropical rainfall gradient

Understanding the factors shaping species distribution patterns along tropical rainfall gradients is necessary to predict the consequences of climate change for tropical tree communities. Direct effects of water availability exclude wet forest species from dry forests, but the exclusion of dry forest species from wet forests remains unexplained. We tested the hypothesis that high light and nutrient requirements exclude dry forest species from dark, infertile, wet forests. We transplanted seedlings of 26 woody species to six sites along a pronounced regional rainfall gradient across the Isthmus of Panama. We examined the effects of soil moisture, phosphorus and light availability, and species' drought resistance on seedling performance, and linked the results directly to known species distribution patterns. Surprisingly, seedlings of wet forest species did not exhibit a home advantage: All species survived better under moister conditions, and the effects of phosphorus availability and light on seedling performance did not differ among species from dry or wet forests. Instead, dry forest species had intrinsically slower growth rates than wet forest species, which may lead to their exclusion from wet forests at later life history stages. High phosphorus exacerbated susceptibility to drought, although the mechanism remains unknown. Overall, our results demonstrate that seedling performance across tropical rainfall gradients is determined primarily by variation in soil water availability across space and time, while variation in nutrient and light availability plays a lesser role. Future changes in rainfall patterns will therefore have direct and pervasive consequences for forest composition and ecosystem function.