Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subcutaneous injection: learning from experience in other specialties

Abstract Haemophilia treatment is characterised by intravenous infusions of clotting factor concentrates, with nurses frequently taking the lead role in administration, patient training and patient care. In recent years, a number of novel factor and non-factor-based therapies delivered by subcutaneous injection have been developed. These therapies are now undergoing clinical trials and will shortly be available in clinical practice. The coming era of at least some haemophilia treatments being delivered by subcutaneous injection clearly represents a significant change not only for patients (for whom they may be more convenient) but also for haemophilia nurse practice, particularly with respect to bleed and surgical management plans, and hence for nurse training and education. This review describes evidence-based guidance on subcutaneous injection technique and summarises the implications for nurses.
Investigation of Electrical Modulus Behavior in LiNi 3 / 5 Fe 2 / 5 VO 4 Ceramics

The ceramics (LiNi3/5Fe2/5VO4) was prepared by solution-based chemical method and it has an orthorhombic unit cell structure with lattice parameters a = 3.78 Å, b = 15.82 Å and c = 5.56 Å. Complex electrical modulus result shows: single-phase character of the material in good agreement with the observations made from X-ray diffraction, and non-Debye type (polydispersive) conductivity relaxation in the ceramics. The value of activation energy was determined from the Arrhenius plot of relaxation time vs. 10/Temperature as ~ (0.157 ± 0.003) eV at 21-100 °C.
Red and processed meat consumption and risk of incident coronary heart disease , stroke , and diabetes : A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background—Meat consumption is inconsistently associated with development of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and diabetes, limiting quantitative recommendations for consumption levels. Effects of meat intake on these different outcomes, and of red vs. processed meat, may also vary. Methods and Results—We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence for relationships of red, processed, and total meat consumption with incident CHD, stroke, and diabetes. We searched for any cohort, case-control study or randomized trial that assessed these exposures and outcomes in generally healthy adults. Of 1,598 identified abstracts, 20 studies met inclusion criteria, including 17 prospective cohorts and 3 case-control studies. All data were abstracted independently in duplicate. Random-effects generalized least squares models for trend estimation were used to derive pooled dose-response estimates. The 20 studies included 1,218,380 individuals and 23,889 CHD, 2,280 stroke, and 10,797 diabetes cases. Red meat intake was not associated with CHD (n=4 studies, RR per 100g serving/day=1.00, 95%CI=0.81–1.23,p-for-heterogeneity=0.36) or diabetes (n=5, RR=1.16, 95%CI=0.92–1.46,p=0.25). Conversely, processed meat intake was associated with 42% higher risk of CHD (n=5, RR per 50g serving/day=1.42, 95%CI=1.07–1.89,p=0.04) and 19% higher risk of diabetes (n=7, RR=1.19, 95%CI=1.11–1.27,p<0.001). Associations were intermediate for total meat intake. Red and processed meat consumption were not associated with stroke, but only 3 studies evaluated these relationships. Conclusions—Consumption of processed meats, but not red meats, is associated with higher incidence of CHD and diabetes. These results highlight the need for better understanding of potential mechanisms of effects, and for particular focus on processed meats for dietary and policy recommendations.
Genetic diversity analysis and subspecies classification of Thailand rice landraces using DNA markers

Genetic diversity among 126 rice accessions, including 110 Thai landraces and 16 varieties used as subspecies reference, were evaluated by three types of DNA markers, InDel (Insertion/Deletion), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Twelve InDel primer pairs, based on DNA sequence polymorphism between ‘93-11’ ( indica ) and ‘Nipponbare’ ( japonica ), were used to identify subspecies of landraces. Most of the local rice samples had either ‘93-11’ alleles or ‘Nipponbare’ alleles. The scatter plotting of the principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram results based on InDel data could clearly classify landraces into two groups, indica and japonica . InDel and SSR markers showed the average polymorphic information content (PIC) values of 0.3707 and 0.6367, respectively. The dendrogram, based on combining InDel, ISSR and SSR data, could classify rice samples into five clusters at a cut-off genetic similarity value of about 0.70. The genetic similarity within landraces was low, indicating that Thai local rice samples have a great genetic diversity. The results of this experiment provide helpful data for rice germplasm management in breeding program. Key word: Rice, genetic diversity, DNA markers, simple sequence repeat (SSR), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), insertion/deletion (InDel).
Smells like university spirit: Predicting the propensity for student engagement using a customer evangelism model

”Engaging students outside the classroom tends to be a hit and miss affair, with exceptional, vocal or troublesome students garnering most of the attention, support and opportunity. The authors of this paper proposes a targeted approach to cultivating highly engaged students and student leadership based on their consumer behaviour rather than their academic merit or selfidentification. The theoretical basis for the model employed uses Consumer Culture Theory, in particular Subcultures of Consumption and Customer Evangelism. The goal is to employ a more equitable, coordinated approach to identifying students who are inclined to be highly engaged with university life during and after their academic careers and afterwards, and encourage them to self develop into organic, authentic social networks within the university community which encourage engagement with the university and peer support. ”
Evaluation of Heavy Metals Loading of River Ijana in Ekpan – Warri, Nigeria

The concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) which may affect human health and the “health” of the aquatic ecosystem were determine in the River Ijana Ekpan, using a pye unicam Atomic Absorption Spectrometry SP model 2900. The level of heavy metal in the study area varied between Cd (0.010 ± 0.004mgl-1) and (0.100 ±0.014mg1-1); Cr (0.037 ± 0.006mg1-1) and (0.067 ± 0.020mg1-1), Cu (0.020 ± 0.004mg1-1) and (0.050 ± 0.029mg1-1); Fe (0.046 ± 0.007 mg1-1) and (0.229 ± 0.008mg1-1); Ni (0.030 ± 0.004mg1-1) and (0.080 ± 0.010mg1-1); Pb (0.025 ± 0.006mg1-1) and (0.058 ± 0.008mg1-1) and Zn (0.088 ± 0.012mg1-1) and (0.122 ± 0.007mg1-1). The concentration of these parameters of pollution contained in the study area (SS1 – SS3) indicated that the River is fairly polluted. The possible sources of these parameters of pollution are diverse: originating from anthropogenic / natural and point sources. @JASEM
Systemic sclerosis. Novel molecular and epidemiological features of disease.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic rheumatic disease with significant mortality and morbidity. Different estimations of disease prevalence and incidence have been presented from various parts of the world. While lung involvement is a common cause of SSc-related death, a majority of SSc patients suffer from symptoms originating in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. By combining data from a population based register with individual case ascertainment, we investigated the epidemiology of SSc in a defined region in southern Sweden comprising one million adult inhabitants. The investigation was performed by using classification criteria presented in 1980 and in 2013 respectively. SSc prevalence was estimated to 305 per million and the annual incidence 19 per million and year by application of the 2013 classification criteria. We show that the novel criteria identify SSc subjects who were overlooked by the previous criteria. Usage of either criteria set resulted in prevalence estimates that are higher than previous reports from northern Europe, but similar to reports from southern Europe. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a promising biomarker of skin fibrosis in SSc. We have investigated the potential for S-COMP to serve as a biomarker for SSc associated lung fibrosis and as a predictor of SSc survival. S-COMP showed only minimal associations with the development or presence of pulmonary fibrosis. SSc patients with pathological S-COMP in early SSc were at an increased risk of death. To further explore the mechanisms behind COMP and fibrosis, we investigated skin fibrosis in mice deficient in COMP. These mice were not resistant to skin fibrosis. GI disease is a common visceral manifestation of SSc. The inflammatory protein complex S100A8/A9, also known as calprotectin, has been associated with several rheumatic diseases. Faecal calprotectin (FC) is a validated biomarker in inflammatory bowel disease. We have explored the biomarker potential of FC in SSc. FC correlated with SSc manifestations in the GI tract. FCs showed little variation upon repeated testing. FC was higher in SSc compared to other rheumatic diseases. The development of inflammation and fibrosis was investigated in reference to S100A8/A9 in an experimental mouse model. S100A8 and S100A9 were found to localise to inflamed and fibrotic skin tissue. Using the same model, we could not identify any significant reduction of inflammation or fibrosis in S100A9 deficient mice. I suggest that FC, a feasible biomarker already available in routine clinical care, could be a valid biomarker of GI disease in SSc. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind pathological FC testing in SSc.
Maximization of instantaneous wind penetration using particle swarm optimization

In this paper, a new methodology has been proposed for attaining the maximum instantaneous wind penetration by the optimization of grid control parameters. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based algorithm has been developed to obtain the maximum instantaneous penetration. The developed algorithm has been tested on modified IEEE 14-bus test system. The results have shown the maximum instantaneous wind energy penetration limit in percentage and also maximum bus loading point explicitly beyond which system drives into instability. Keywords: Wind power generation, wind penetration, power system modeling, PSO
Satellite abundances around bright isolated galaxies – II. Radial distribution and environmental effects

We use the SDSS/DR8 galaxy sample to study the radial distribution of satellite galaxies around isolated primaries, comparing to semi-analytic models of galaxy formation based on the Millennium and Millennium-II simulations. SDSS satellites behave differently around high- and low-mass primaries: those orbiting objects with M∗ > 10 11 M⊙ are mostly red and are less concentrated towards their host than the inferred dark matter halo, an effect that is very pronounced for the few blue satellites. On the other hand, less massive primaries have steeper satellite profiles that agree quite well with the expected dark matter distribution and are dominated by blue satellites, even in the inner regions where strong environmental effects are expected. In fact, such effects appear to be strong only for primaries with M∗ > 10 11 M⊙. This behaviour is not reproduced by current semi-analytic simulations, where satellite profiles always parallel those of the dark matter and satellite populations are predominantly red for primaries of all masses. The disagreement with SDSS suggests that environmental effects are too efficient in the models. Modifying the treatment of environmental and star formation processes can substantially increase the fraction of blue satellites, but their radial distribution remains significantly shallower than observed. It seems that most satellites of low-mass primaries can continue to form stars even after orbiting within their joint halo for 5 Gyr or more.
Small and medium enterprises in Nigeria

The establishment of SMIEIS was informed by the lingering problems of the dearth of long-term funding and poor business management skills which have inhibited the realization of the potentials of the small and medium-scale industries as the engine of growth in the Nigerian economy, despite the various schemes that had been initiated in the past to provide incentives for development of this sector.
Diversity of Archaea and detection of crenarchaeotal amoA genes in the rivers Rhine and Têt

Pelagic archaeal phylogenetic diversity and the potential for crenarchaeotal nitrification of Group 1.1a were determined in the rivers Rhine and Tet by 16S rRNA sequencing, catalyzed reported deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD–FISH) and quantification of 16S rRNA and functional genes. Euryarchaeota were, for the first time, detected in temperate river water even though a net predominance of crenarchaeotal phylotypes was found. Differences in phylogenic distribution were observed between rivers and seasons. Our data suggest that a few archaeal phylotypes (Euryarchaeota Groups RC-V and LDS, Crenarchaeota Group 1.1a) are widely distributed in pelagic riverine environments whilst others (Euryarchaeota Cluster Sagma-1) may only occur seasonally in river water. Crenarchaeota Group 1.1a has recently been identified as a major nitrifier in the marine environment and phylotypes of this group were also present in both rivers, where they represented 0.3% of the total pelagic microbial community. Interestingly, a generally higher abundance of Crenarchaeota Group 1.1a was found in the Rhine than in the Tet, and crenarchaeotal ammonia monooxygenase gene (amoA) was also detected in the Rhine, with higher amoA copy numbers measured in February than in September. This suggests that some of the Crenarchaeota present in river waters have the ability to oxidize ammonia and that riverine crenarchaeotal nitrification of Group 1.1a may vary seasonally.
Financial Network Systemic Risk Contributions

We propose the realized systemic risk beta as a measure for financial companiesâ€™ contribution to systemic risk given network interdependence between firmsâ€™ tail risk exposures. Conditional on statistically pre-identified network spillover effects and market and balance sheet information, we define the realized systemic risk beta as the total time-varying marginal effect of a firmâ€™s Value-at-risk (VaR) on the systemâ€™s VaR. Suitable statistical inference reveals a multitude of relevant risk spillover channels and determines companiesâ€™ systemic importance in the U.S. financial system. Our approach can be used to monitor companiesâ€™ systemic importance allowing for a transparent macroprudential regulation.
Characterizing and modeling natural fracture networks in a tight carbonate reservoir in the Middle East: A methodology

Fractured reservoirs are challenging to handle because of their high level of heterogeneity. In particular, natural fractures have a significant impact on well performance and water production. Therefore, understanding their significance through fracture characterization is helpful in well placement and field development. This paper presents a best practice methodology for building a 3D stochastic fracture model using a Middle Eastern tight carbonate field example. This model is generated through the analysis and integration of data including cores, borehole images (BHI), logs, mud losses, production logs, well test data and 3D seismic data. The impact of lithology on fracture occurrence was quantified based on rock-typing. Rock-types are distributed in a 3D geological model using a high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework. The length, dip angle and orientation of fractures, together with the shale content of the facies where they occur, were defined to sort the tectonic fractures from the non-tectonic (diagenetic) ones. It was found that multiple sets of tectonic diffuse fractures are generally associated with cleaner limestone units. Altogether, three sets of diffuse fractures were identified from BHI data: NE-SW, EW and NW-SE. In addition, large-scale fracture corridors, including sub-seismic faults identified from seismic analysis, were detected and calibrated with cores and BHI. The final model incorporates two scales of tectonic fractures with a direct bearing on field production behavior: diffuse fractures and large fracture corridors. Fracture calibration was performed using production logs and well production data. Permeability at wells was computed in the 3D fracture model and matched with real build-up data. These data were then used to propagate 3D fracture properties (fracture porosity, fracture permeability and equivalent block size) in the upscaled geological model, for constructing a full-field reservoir simulation model. Few changes of the fracture properties were needed to obtain a good history match, indicating that the fracture model produced is robust.
of Geophysical Research : Planets A photochemical model of the dust-loaded ionosphere of Mars

The ionization of the lower Martian atmosphere and the presence of charged species are fundamental in the understanding of atmospheric electricity phenomena, such as electric discharges, large-scale electric currents, and Schumann resonances. The present photochemical model of the lower ionosphere of Mars (0–70 km) is developed to compute the concentration of the most abundant charged species (cluster ions, electrons, and charged aerosols) and electric conductivity, at the landing site and epoch of the ExoMars 2016 mission. The main sources of ionization are galactic cosmic rays (during daytime as well as nighttime) and photoionization of aerosols due to solar UV radiation during daytime. Ion and electron attachment to aerosols is another major source of aerosol charging. The steady state concentration of charged species is computed by solving their respective balance equations (also known as continuity equations), which include the source and sink terms of their photochemical reactions. Since the amount of suspended dust can vary considerably and it has an important effect on atmospheric properties, several dust scenarios, in addition to the day-night variations, are considered to characterize the variability of the concentration of charged species. It has been found that during daytime, aerosols tend to become positively charged due to electron photoemission and, during nighttime, tend to charge negatively due to electron attachment. The most dominant day-night variability in ion and electron concentration occurs when the amount of suspended dust is the largest. The electric conductivity has been found to vary in the 10−13 –10−7 S∕m range, depending on the altitude, dust scenario, and local time.
An analysis of Chinese acquisitions of Italian firms in the manufacturing sector

Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from emerging economies has begun to increase significantly and has been growing at a faster pace than FDI from the developed world. This research seeks to assess the impact of Chinese acquisitions and their implications for the Italian firms in the luxury manufacturing sector. This paper presents a cross-case analysis of two Chinese acquisitions in order to provide some in-depth insights into the strategic drivers moving the Chinese firms to invest in the luxury manufacturing sector, the post-acquisition benefits and challenges as well as the distinctive integration strategies. The study contributes to our understanding of how emerging market firms acquire and integrate firms from advanced economies, and how such acquisitions contribute to the acquiring firms' performance and competitiveness. To this end, strategic drivers, post-acquisition benefits and challenges as well as integration strategies were identified.
Variations in Synechococcus cell quotas of phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, iron, nickel, and zinc within mesoscale eddies in the Sargasso Sea

The quotas of P, S, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Zn in individual Synechococcus cells collected from the surface and deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layer of three mesoscale eddies in the Sargasso Sea were measured using synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence microscopy. Cells in a mode‐water eddy had significantly higher P (57 ± 10 amol) and Mn (28 ± 7 zmol) cell quotas than cells collected from a cyclone (22 ±2 amol and 10 ± 1 zmol, respectively) or anticyclone (25 ± 3 amol and 18 ± 3 zmol, respectively). Conversely, Ni and Zn quotas were significantly higher in the cells from the anticyclone (92 ± 19 and 561 ± 150 zmol, respectively) than in cells from the cyclonic (25 ± 4 and 35 ± 7 zmol, respectively) or mode‐water (30 ± 9 and 21 ± 8 zmol, respectively) eddies. These changes may reflect biochemical responses (e.g., production of urease and alkaline phosphatase) to gradients in inorganic N and P supplies. Cellular quotas of Fe (111 ± 17 zmol in the cyclone) and S (52 ± 6 amol in the cyclone) did not vary significantly among eddies despite two‐ to threefold higher dissolved and particulate Fe concentrations in the anticylone. Cells collected from 10‐m depth contained approximately 80% more Ni and S than cells collected from the DCM, potentially reflecting cell responses to heightened oxidative stress. Depthrelated trends varied by eddy for the other elements. Cellular P and Zn varied significantly during repeated samplings of the cyclone, with quotas of both elements dropping as bulk chlorophyll biomass in the DCM increased. These data demonstrate the dynamic responses of phytoplankton elemental composition to physical and chemical environmental gradients.
Lengthened Consonants are Interpreted as Word-Initial

Prosody facilitates listeners’ segmentation of the speech stream into a sequence of words and phrases. With regard to speech timing, vowel lengthening is interpreted as a cue to an upcoming boundary, in accordance with the iambic-trochaic law. However, the impact of consonant lengthening on segmentation, in the absence of other boundary cues, has not been tested. In a series of artificial language learning experiments, we examined how durational variation affects listeners’ extraction of novel trisyllables defined by transition probabilities. In line with previous research, syllables containing lengthened vowels were interpreted by listeners as word-final. However, syllables with lengthened onset consonants were interpreted as word-initial. Thus, the structural interpretation of durational variation depends upon localization: longer vowels cue a following boundary; longer consonants cue a preceding boundary.
Stochastic Time Evolution, Information Geometry, and the Cramér-Rao Bound

We investigate the connection between the time-evolution of averages of stochastic quantities and the Fisher information and its induced statistical length. As a consequence of the Cramer-Rao bound, we find that the rate of change of the average of any observable is bounded from above by its variance times the temporal Fisher information. As a consequence of this bound, we obtain a speed limit on the evolution of stochastic observables: Changing the average of an observable requires a minimum amount of time given by the change in the average squared, divided by the fluctuations of the observable times the thermodynamic cost of the transformation. In particular for relaxation dynamics, which do not depend on time explicitly, we show that the Fisher information is a monotonically decreasing function of time and that this minimal required time is determined by the initial preparation of the system. We further show that the monotonicity of the Fisher information can be used to detect hidden variables in the system and demonstrate our findings for simple examples of continuous and discrete random processes.