Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Walk1916: Exploring non-research user access to and use of digital surrogates via a mobile walking tour app

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how non-research users access and use digital surrogates from archival collections via mobile walking tour app. Much of the existing literature that discusses outreach for digitised archival collections in libraries, archives and museums (LAMs) reports examples of single outreach events or discusses outreach broadly, without critically exploring the purpose and context of outreach as an activity. Further, these reports generally aim to introduce collections to potential researchers, amateur or professional, without consideration of how the collections could be used for purposes other than research, by non-researchers. The study aims to expand understanding of non-research use of digital surrogates contextualised by mobile technology. Design/methodology/approach Utilising an exploratory approach, Walk1916, a mobile walking tour app of Easter Rising sites in Dublin was first developed. It contextualised digital surrogates from archival collections, along with an audio and a textual description of the image, with augmented reality (AR) and geolocation technology. In all, 15 semi-structured interviews were then conducted to understand how contextualising digital surrogates with these mobile technology features influenced participants’ perceptions of the digital surrogate. Interview transcripts were transcribed and analysed via memoing and coding, using nVivo for Mac 10.2. 2. Findings Findings from interview data suggest that contextualising the digital surrogate with AR and geolocation features allowed participants to perceive of the digital surrogate as enhancing their understanding of the Easter Rising, enhancing life and allowing for increased control of their experience. Originality/value This furthers work in the area of how individuals value digital surrogates, in different (non-research) contexts. These findings provide groundwork for the future study of non-research access to and use of digital surrogates held in institutional collections so that LAMs can utilise collections efficiently for a wider user base.
Treatment decision-making for older patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia: problems and approaches.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES High-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are mainly diseases of patients over the age of 60 years. In these patients, intensive chemotherapy and/or allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation are the only curative treatment approaches, while non-curative options include low-dose chemotherapy or best supportive care alone. The basis for treatment decision-making in this clinically and biologically heterogeneous group is not well defined. DESIGN AND METHODS In order to investigate treatment stratification patterns and outcomes in this population, we performed a systematic literature search in MedLine for relevant clinical reports published between 1989 and 2006. Only large population-based investigations and publications of clinical trials with more than 40 patients were analyzed. RESULTS In 36 AML studies involving a total of 12,370 patients (median age 70 years) median overall survival approached 30 weeks for intensively treated patients. In patients receiving best supportive care alone, or best supportive care plus non-intensive treatment, median overall survival was 7.5 and 12 weeks, respectively. The complete remission rate after induction was 44%, and in those patients who achieved complete remission age no longer influenced prognosis. In 18 large studies approximately 50% of AML patients received induction therapy, 30% non-intensive chemotherapy and 20% supportive care only. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Due to the scarcity of randomized AML/MDS trials in which older patients are assigned to either induction or less intense therapy, predictors to identify older patients most likely to benefit from intensive therapy and novel tools to optimize (or even standardize) recommendations are needed. We propose that in this patient population in the future, geriatric assessment instruments and comorbidity scoring are implemented in treatment decision-making.
The effects on significant others of providing a hearing aid to the hearing-impaired partner

Abstract Communication is a shared experience which can be substantially affected by hearing impairment. Significant others may experience difficulties not only in direct communication but also in personal and social relationships. The present study was designed to investigate the impact on significant others of hearing loss in a partner and the benefits that accrued from the provision of personal amplification. The results suggested that before the provision of a hearing aid significant others experienced difficulties with person-to-person conversation, with group conversation and in viewing (listening to) television of the same order as did the hearing impaired individual. After appropriate intervention the difficulties were greatly reduced with resultant improvement in quality of life for both parties.
China's Monetary Policy Communication: Frameworks, Impact, and Recommendations

Financial markets are eager for any signal of monetary policy from the People’s Bank of China (PBC). The importance of effective monetary policy communication will only increase as China continues to liberalize its financial system and open its economy. This paper discusses the country’s unique institutional setup and empirically analyzes the impact on financial markets of the PBC’s main communication channels, including a novel communication channel. The results suggest that there has been significant progress but that PBC communication is still evolving toward the level of other major economies. The paper recommends medium-term policy reforms and reforms that can be adopted quickly.
IL-36–Induced Toxicity in Neonatal Mice Involves TNF-α Production by Liver Myeloid Cells

Human and mouse neonates exhibit limited vaccine responses characterized by predominant Th2 and limited Th1 responses. Because IL-36 exerts a synergic adjuvant effect with IL-12, enhancing Th1 polarization in adult (AD) mice, we administered IL-36β to neonatal (1-wk old) and AD control mice at the time of immunization with tetanus toxoid adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide (TT/Alum). Unexpectedly, the combination of IL-36β with TT/Alum, which was well tolerated in AD mice, proved toxic and even lethal in neonates. This neonatal toxicity was associated with high Il36r mRNA expression in neonatal liver, resulting in increased cytokine production. Liver Il36r mRNA expression decreased with the termination of fetal liver hematopoiesis, and this decrease correlated with a complete protection from TT/Alum/IL-36β–induced mortality. The combination of IL-36β and TT/Alum induced the rapid production of TNF-α and IFN-γ by liver myeloid and lymphoid cells, respectively. These responses were less marked when IL-36β was used alone, with no adverse effect. The toxicity of IL-36β + TT/Alum was abrogated by the administration of a neutralizing anti–TNF-α Ab, confirming causality. In conclusion, liver myeloid cells in neonatal mice are an important source of proinflammatory cytokines that may lead to TNF-α–mediated toxicity and even lethality.
A Study of Very Short Intermittent DDoS Attacks on the Performance of Web Services in Clouds

v CHAPTER
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MESOTHELIAL TUMORS IN THE LONDON AREA

INTRODUCTION In recent years, the association between exposure t o asbestos dust and cancer of the lung, and other malignant neoplasms has been the subject of much research (Brit . Med. Journal, 1964 ) . Wagner, Sleggs and Marchand (1960) described the occurrence of mesothelioma of the pleura in those exposed to crocidolite asbestos in the mining districts of South Africa, and have stimulated fur ther studies of patients suffering from this tumor (Glyn Owen, 1964; Fowler et al., 1964). The present investigation concerns patients in whom a diagnosis of mesothelioma had been made at the London Hospital. All the post-mortem and biopsy specimens held in the Pathology Department in which a diagnosis of mesothelioma had been made in the past 50 years have been reviewed by Hourihane (1965 ) . In 83 cases the diagnosis was confirmed. The series consists of 41 men of whom 31 had pleural and 10 peritoneal tumors, and 42 women of whom 25 had pleural and 17 peritoneal tumors. The aim of this study has been to establish the occupational histories of these patients and to trace any other possible exposure to asbestos. There were four surviving patients at the outset of the investigation, but these have subsequently died. The earliest date of death in the series was 1917, 10 died before 1950, 33 between 1950 and 1959 and the remaining 40 in the past four and a half years. The youngest died at the age of 33 and nearly half were dead before the age of 55 (TABLE 1 ) . The ward notes of 65 of these patients were available; they give a picture of a disease with a consistent symptomatology. Among those with pleural tumors, the commonest symptom present was the rapid onset of extreme shortness of breath due to the formation of a massive pleural effusion. Pain was a prominent feature, either described as a dull ache, sometimes due to invasion of ribs or vertebrae, or sometimes sharp and radiating, suggesting nerve involvement. Tumors in the chest wall were not uncommon, occurring either in previous operation scars or by direct invasion of the chest wall. The symptomatology of the peritoneal tumors was more varied. In some patients the presenting symptom was pain on defecation or micturition; diffuse upper abdominal pain was very common and swelling of the abdomen due to ascites was always present terminally. The treatment was varied ; pneumonectomy, decortication of the lung, deep
Etude et simulation numérique de la rupture dynamique des séismes par des méthodes d'éléments finis discontinus

Ce travail est dedie a l'etude et la simulation numerique de la rupture dynamique des seismes en deux et trois dimensions d'espace par une methode d'elements finis discontinus. Apres avoir transforme le systeme de l'elastodynamique en un systeme hyperbolique symetrique du premier ordre, nous proposons un schema numerique base sur des flux centres et un schema explicite en temps de type saute-mouton. A travers l'etude d'une energie discrete du systeme, nous specifions les conditions aux limites sur la faille afin de prendre en compte de maniere faible la rupture en mode cisaillant que nous traitons. Nous montrons, qu'en l'absence de tractions tangentielles sur la faille, cette energie est parfaitement conservee. Nous illustrons la capacite de notre methode a travers divers cas tests sur des configurations complexes grâce a une implementation parallele.
Fertilizer subsidies and how targeting conditions crowding in/out: An assessment of smallholder fertilizer demand in Tanzania

We use panel data of smallholder farm households from Tanzania to empirically assess a large- scale fertilizer subsidy program in Tanzania with respect to its ability to meet its stated targeting criteria and the effect of subsidy receipt on both smallholder commercial fertilizer demand and total fertilizer use. We find that the majority of subsidy recipients met the targeting criteria in practice in regards to area cultivated to maize and that few of them had used inorganic fertilizer on maize or rice in the previous five years. However, we also find that depending on the year, between 25 to 37% of households receiving a fertilizer voucher did not use it, implying that these households did not gain the experience using fertilizer on maize or rice as envisioned by NAIVS
Probing events with single molecule sensitivity in zebrafish and Drosophila embryos by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy

Zebrafish and Drosophila are animal models widely used in developmental biology. High‐resolution microscopy and live imaging techniques have allowed the investigation of biological processes down to the cellular level in these models. Here, using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), we show that even processes on a molecular level can be studied in these embryos. The two animal models provide different advantages and challenges. We first characterize their autofluorescence pattern and determine usable penetration depth for FCS especially in the case of zebrafish, where tissue thickness is an issue. Next, the applicability of FCS to study molecular processes is shown by the determination of blood flow velocities with high spatial resolution and the determination of diffusion coefficients of cytosolic and membrane‐bound enhanced green fluorescent protein–labeled proteins in different cell types. This work provides an approach to study molecular processes in vivo and opens up the possibility to relate these molecular processes to developmental biology questions. Developmental Dynamics 238:3156–3167, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suicide among female adolescents: characteristics and comparison with males in the age group 13 to 22 years.

OBJECTIVE To characterize female suicides (n = 19) in an unselected nationwide youth suicide population aged 13 to 22 years (n = 116) and to compare them with male suicides with respect to variables indicating psychopathology and psychosocial functioning. METHOD The data were collected in a psychological autopsy study of all suicides (N = 1,397) in Finland during a 12-month period. Data collection included interviews of next of kin and professionals and information from records after the suicide. RESULTS Two thirds (68%) of the female victims had suffered from a mood disorder, and 73% had communicated their suicidal intent. Half (47%) of the female subjects had been in psychiatric care at some point in their lives, and 42% had been hospitalized. Compared with young male suicides, the young female victims more often had made previous suicide attempts (63% versus 30%), received more often a diagnosis of major depression (37% versus 14%), and had more often been in psychiatric care (47% versus 21%) during the year preceding the suicide. The females were more often incapable of working, and their psychosocial impairment was more severe during the final week. Alcohol abuse was almost as common among the female as the male victims (21% versus 26%). CONCLUSION The results suggest that young females who commit suicide may have suffered from more severe psychopathology than young male victims. Substance abuse seems to be a major factor also in female suicides. Preventive efforts within psychiatric care are likely to reach a higher proportion of the young females than males at high risk for suicide.
Prevalence and Correlates of Depression in Elderly Persons

A sample of 504 elderly persons living within a metropolitan area were questioned about their socio-medical characteristics and administered the Wakefield Self-assessment Depression Inventory. The distribution of depression scores indicated that 34.5% were depressed. Stepwise regression analysis was next used to examine the relationships between the characteristics and depression scores. Total number of self-reported symptoms and being partially housebound were positively associated with depression. Recommendations were made that health care providers for the elderly be alerted that older persons with physical complaints and those who are partially restricted to their homes may tend to develop levels of depression which might require psychiatric intervention.
The Effects of Beer Sales on Attendance at Collegiate Football Games

Collegiate sports have become increasingly popular in recent years with college football seeing, arguably, the greatest rise in popularity. This has led to an increased number of Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) bowl games, which now culminate in a college football playoff. Universities are constantly developing new and innovative ways to increase revenue. One potential solution receiving increased consideration is the option of selling beer throughout stadiums. Previous research has separately focused on aspects of beer consumption and factors that influence collegiate sport attendance, but not in the same study. Thus far, studies focusing specifically on the topic of how beer sales affect attendance have been lacking. The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not the sale of beer inside FBS collegiate stadiums affects attendance. Our results indicate there is a negative correlation between beer availability and attendance. No significant difference was found as to whether or not stadium location, on or off campus, affects attendance figures.
Chapter 4 Strategy and Organizational Performance: The Role of Risk Management System Development

Our study investigates the relationships between risk management systems (RMS), strategy and organizational performance. The existing research has extensively studied the effect of strategy on organizational performance. There is also a growing body of literature suggesting that RMS positively influence the achievement of organizational objectives. However, there are only a few conceptual papers (and no empirical evidence) on the relationship between strategy and RMS. We investigate whether different strategy types (defender, analyzer, prospector, and reactor) induce different levels of RMS development and, hence, affect performance indirectly, as well as directly. We use regression analysis and survey data to test the proposed relationships. Our results confirm the direct effects of strategy type and RMS development on performance. We confirm that prospectors perform better than defenders, analyzers, and reactors across five measures of performance (profitability, sales growth, market share, new product development, and customer satisfaction). We also find that companies with more developed RMS perform better in terms of non-financial performance (measured by new product development). Contrary to the prevailing evidence, we do not find significant results for financial performance. Moreover, our findings show that there is no mediating effect of RMS development in the relationship between strategy type and performance. This implies that RMS and strategy act as independent variables, each individually affecting organizational performance.
Learning towards system innovation. Evaluating a systemic instrument

In this paper we develop an analytical framework for studying learning processes in the context of efforts to bring about system innovation by building new networks of actors who are willing to work on a change towards sustainable development. We then use it to evaluate two specific intervention programmes carried out by a self-proclaimed ‘system instrument’. The framework integrates elements from the Innovation Systems approach with a social learning perspective. The integrated model proposes essentially that these kinds of systemic instruments can serve to enhance conditions for social learning and that such processes may result in learning effects that contribute to system innovation by combatting system imperfections. The empirical findings confirm the assumption that differences in learning can be explained by the existence or absence of conditions for learning. Similarly, the existence or creation of conducive conditions could be linked to the nature and quality of the interventions of the systemic instrument. We conclude that the investigated part of the hypothesised model has not been refuted and seems to have explanatory power. At the same time we propose that further research is needed among others on the relation between learning, challenging system imperfections and system innovation.
Antihyperlipidemic effect of Tagetes erecta in cholesterol fedhyperlipidemic rats

Natural products serve as lead molecules for development for the many popular drugs. Herbal drugs are having fewer side effects than the other class of drugs which are coming from the synthetic source. Tagetes erecta, the Mexican marigold, also called Aztec marigold, is a species of the genus Tagetes native to Mexico and Central America. In the present study, hydro alcoholic extract of Tagetes erecta was studied for its anti hyperlipidemic activity in hyperlipidemic rats at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg. Hyperlipidemia was induced by cholesterol 25mg/kg/day. Lovastatin (10mg/kg/day) was used as standard. Blood samples were collected from rats in all the groups on 30th day and estimated for their serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum HDL and serum LDL levels using standard procedures. From present study it was observed that administration of Tagetes erecta extracts significantly decreased all the hyperlipidemic parameters in rats.
Chemotherapy of Soft Tissue Sarcoma

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of palliative chemotherapy on soft tissue sarcomas given outside controlled trials. Therapy and response rates of 77 patients with non-resectable sarcoma treated with different regimens between 1991 and 2000 were reviewed. Thirty-six patients were treated with first-line chemotherapy comprising cyclophosphamide+vincristine+doxorubicin+dacarbazine (CYVADIC), with a response rate of 28% (median response duration 5.5 months). Etoposide and ifosfamide (IVP, or VIG, which also includes granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)) were used in the treatment of 18 patients. The response rate was 22% (median response duration 4.5 months); Nineteen patients were treated with doxorubicin+ifosfamide and one patient responded. Four patients received other first-line treatments. Thirty-eight patients were given second-line chemotherapy and 4 (10%) patients responded. Thirteen patients were given third-line treatment and 5 patients received fourth-line treatment, but without any response. Disease progression was the dominant reason for discontinuation of therapy. The response rate in the present study was lower than the best published results, probably due to the fact that our soft tissue sarcoma patient material was unselected. Treatment with CYVADIC yields at least as high an response rate as the more recently described doxorubicin+ifosfamide combination, but third- and fourth-line therapy is not beneficial. Clinical trials with more active drugs are needed, as are more predictive and prognostic tests and a better selection of patient groups suited for different treatment options for soft tissue sarcomas.
The effect of early weight-bearing on comminuted calcaneal fractures treated with locking plates.

OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the possible effects of early weight-bearing on clinical and radiological outcomes of comminuted calcaneal fractures treated with locking plates. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 15 patients (12 males, 3 females; mean age 40.1 years; range 18 to 55 years) with comminuted calcaneal fractures between October 2010 and April 2012. Standard lateral extensile approach was carried out for surgical exposure. A corticocancellous allograft was used to fill the defect following the reduction and fixation of posterior facet. Titanium locking plates and screws were used to maintain reduction. The patients were encouraged for a limited weight-bearing at six weeks postoperatively, if tolerated. All patients were able to full weight-bear at 12 weeks postoperatively. Clinical and radiological assessments were performed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and Maryland scores. RESULTS The mean follow-up was 19 months (range, 12 to 27 months). The AOFAS and Maryland scores were 89 and 88.46 points, respectively. The Böhler's angle showed 0.3° loss from early post-surgery to the last visit. Among the workers, all returned to work but one with Sanders type IV fracture and all retired patients returned to their daily activities. The functional status of the patient with Sanders type IV fracture was poor according to the AOFAS and Maryland criteria. CONCLUSION Based on radiographic and clinical assessment, there was no unfavorable effect of early weight-bearing after calcaneal fracture surgery. Therefore, these results suggest that sufficient stability can be achieved by locking plates in comminuted calcaneal fractures, when early weight-bearing is recommended, even.