Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Love-Based leadership in early childhood education

A day care center is not just any place where children can spend their day while parents are at work. How to ensure that children have good childhood experiences and how to sup-port their positive development from the very beginning of their educational career? In this study, we introduce the concept of love-based leadership and discuss its role and implemen-tation in early education. Love-based leadership in early education is a method that renews teachers’ professional skills. The Finnish early childhood education system offers favorable premises for love-based leadership in early education. The method should also be included in the curriculum of future early childhood education teachers.
Inequalities of Fejer Type Related to Generalized Convex Functions

This paper deals with some Fejer type inequalities related to (η1, η2)-convex functions. In fact the difference between the right and middle part of Fejer inequality is estimated without using Holder’s inequality when the absolute value of the derivative of considered function is (η1, η2)-convex. Furthermore we give two estimation results when the derivative of considered function is bounded and satisfies a Lipschitz condition.
Paleogene-early Miocene igneous rocks and geodynamics of the Alpine-Carpathian-Pannonian-Dinaric region: An integrated approach

A review of Paleogene–early Miocene igneous rocks of the Alpine-CarpathianPannonian -Dinaric region is presented in this paper. We attempt to reveal the geodynamic link between Paleogene–early Miocene igneous rocks of the Mid-Hungarian zone and those of the Alps and Dinarides. Our summary suggests that Paleogene–early Miocene igneous rocks of all these areas were formed along a single, subduction-related magmatic arc. The study also highlights orthopyroxene-rich websterite mantle xenoliths from west Hungary and east Serbia that were formed in the vicinity of a subducted slab. We discuss the location and polarity of all potential subduction zones of the area that may account for the igneous rocks and orthopyroxene-rich mantle rocks. However, results of seismic tomography on subducted slabs beneath the studied area combined with geological data demonstrate that igneous rocks and mantle rocks cannot be explained by the same subduction process. We propose that the Paleogene–early Miocene arc was mainly generated by the Budva-Pindos subduction zone, subordinately by Penninic subduction, whereas mantle rocks were possibly formed in the vicinity of the older Vardar subduction zone. Continental blocks possibly moved together with their mantle lithosphere. The present diverging shape of the proposed arc has been achieved by considerable shear and rotations of those lithospheric blocks.
Occurrence and persistence of magnetic elements in the quiet Sun

Turbulent convection efficiently transports energy up to the solar photosphere, but its multi-scale nature and dynamic properties are still not fully understood. Several works in the literature have investigated the emergence of patterns of convective and magnetic nature in the quiet Sun at spatial and temporal scales from granular to global. Aims. To shed light on the scales of organisation at which turbulent convection operates, and its relationship with the magnetic flux therein, we studied characteristic spatial and temporal scales of magnetic features in the quiet Sun. Methods. Thanks to an unprecedented data set entirely enclosing a supergranule, occurrence and persistence analysis of magnetogram time series were used to detect spatial and long-lived temporal correlations in the quiet Sun and to investigate their nature. Results. A relation between occurrence and persistence representative for the quiet Sun was found. In particular, highly recurrent and persistent patterns were detected especially in the boundary of the supergranular cell. These are due to moving magnetic elements undergoing motion that behaves like a random walk together with longer decorrelations ($\sim2$ h) with respect to regions inside the supergranule. In the vertices of the supegranular cell the maximum observed occurrence is not associated with the maximum persistence, suggesting that there are different dynamic regimes affecting the magnetic elements.
An Investigation of the Causes of Maternal Mortality in Zimbabwe

The aim of this study was to investigate the main causes of maternal mortality in Zimbabwe. Maternal mortality has been recognized as a public health problem in developing countries. Among the developing countries that have been not making progress in reducing maternal death is Zimbabwe. Since 1990 there has been a large and significant increase in maternal mortality in Zimbabwe and this erases any potential gain in maternal survival achieved by safe motherhood programmes during the preceding decade. This shows that there is a need to investigate the causes of maternal death in Zimbabwe so that solutions can be put in place. Efficient services to improve maternal health in Zimbabwe need policies that are informed by reliable and valid data. This study contributes to the accurate assessment of maternal mortality in Zimbabwe. The study investigated the main cause of maternal mortality at Mpilo hospital. The study used interviews to investigate the causes of martenal mortality in Zimbabwe. Findings from the study showed that that haemorrhage causes most of the deaths. Other major causes were abortion, hypertension and sepsis. The study also offers some practical recommendations based on the research findings. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013. v4n14p615
Gendering violence in the school shootings in Finland

Within barely a year, two school shootings shook Finland. The school shootings shocked Finnish society, forcing media, academics and experts, police and politicians alike to search for reasons behind the violent incidents. Focusing their analysis on the two main Finnish newspapers, Helsingin Sanomat and Hufvudstadsbladet , authoritative sources of information for Finland’s two language communities, the authors maintain that the Finnish case contributes to research on school shootings by evidencing the intimate linkages between the state, gender and violence. The authors argue that violence is to be understood through different discourses about the Finnish state. In particular, they discern three discourses about the state that produce gendered discourses of violence: the welfare state, the realist state and the neoliberal state. The authors conclude that these discourses produce different notions of rational and irrational violence thereby providing different legitimizations for male-embodied/masculine violence.
Morphology and DNA content of bacterioplankton in the northern Gulf of Mexico: analysis by epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry

The distribution of pelagic bacteria was assessed along 2 offshore - onshore transects in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico in July and October 1999 and along a salinity gradient (0.2 to 34.4 ‰) in the Mississippi River plume in May 2000. Cell abundance was estimated by epifluores- cence microscopy after DAPI staining and by flow cytometry after DNA staining with SYBR Green I. Total bacterial counts by both techniques corresponded well. Bacterial abundance ranged from 0.9 × 10 6 to 1.35 × 10 6 cells ml -1 in the upper 200 m of the water column in the northwestern Gulf and from 0.1 × 10 6 to 2.05 × 10 6 cells ml -1 in the Mississippi River plume. Bacteria exhibited surface maxima in July 1999 but subsurface maxima in the upper half of the chlorophyll maximum in October 1999 and off the Louisiana shelf break in May 2000. Stations with a thin layer of low-salinity plume water exhibited an additional bacterial maximum at the surface. Within the Mississippi River plume, bacte- rial abundance decreased with increasing salinity, and their maximum abundance preceded the chlorophyll maximum along the salinity gradient. Three morphotypes of bacteria were distinguished by epifluorescence microscopy: cocci, rod-shaped bacteria, and curved bacteria. Cocci (40 to 60% of total bacteria; counts corrected for Prochlorococcus spp.) were the most common morphotype. Rods and curved bacteria had similar shares (18 to 25%) and presented multi-species consortia as indi- cated by the variability in size and shape of cells within each group. Flow cytometry revealed 4 bac- terial subpopulations distinguished by their DNA content, none of which seem to reflect a specific morphotype. Whereas regional differences in the contribution of the distinguished DNA types to total bacterial abundance were low in the open Gulf, a switch in predominance from low-DNA to high- DNA cells below the subsurface chlorophyll maximum was obvious in all profiles. The ecological sig- nificance of bacterial DNA types as revealed by flow cytometry is discussed in the context of pub- lished results.
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MACRO-ECONOMY OF CENTRAL SULAWESI PROVINCE INDONESIA: CASE OF COCOA BEANS COMMODITY

Central Sulawesi is the first rank of cocoa beans supplier in Indonesia. Unfortunately, climate change resulted on emerging of cacao pests and diseases that causes continuously decreasing productivity of cacao farm. Consequently, farmers have been converted their cocoa farm to others farm. This has been impacted on macro-economy of Central Sulawesi. Generally, the aim of this study is to analyze impact of climate change on macro-economy of Central Sulawesi for case cocoa beans commodity. Particularly, the aim of this study is (i) to analyze impact of climate change on productivity of cacao farm; (ii) to estimate effect of the productivity on GDRP of cocoa beans; (iii) to estimate effect of the GDRP of cocoa beans on macro-economy of Central Sulawesi; and (iv) to estimate trends of macro-economy of Central Sulawesi. Analyze method was econometric simultaneous equation of double logarithm model. Data used was secondary data, 2000 – 2014, namely GDRP of Central Sulawesi, areal size of cacao, production volume of cocoa beans, prices of cocoa beans at farm level. The result of analyze showed that climate change has been impacted on productivity of cacao farm. It was indicated by coefficient of year as a proxy insignificant affect to variety of productivity of cacao farm, so it could be interpreted that the productivity to be constant. Consequently, the productivity couldn’t push up GDRP of cocoa beans. However, GDRP of cocoa beans could still push up the macro-economy of Central Sulawesi. The macro-economy of Central Sulawesi was increasing. Thus, although climate change impacted on the productivity, but GDRP of cocoa beans could still push up the macro-economy of Central Sulawesi. It means that management of pest and disease of cacao farm in a prototype to be important performed. Key Words: Cocoa beans commodity, impact of climate change, macro-economy of Central Sulawesi.
Effect of Heat Moisture Treatment on Functional Properties and Microstuctural Profiles of Sweet Potato Flour

Heat moisture treatment is the physical method of modification to give sweet potato flour desired physical properties for application in the manufacture of flour based products. Two varieties of sweet potato flour were characterized to understand the changes of physicochemical properties and micro-structural profile upon heat moisture treatment. Sweet potato flours were analyzed its pasting properties, crystallinity characteristics and starch granule structure by using Rapid Visco Analyzer, X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy, respectively. The results indicated that the heat moisture treatment affected characteristics of all sweet potato flour were treated at, moderate and high temperature. There were a decreasing in peak viscosity and an increase in cold paste viscosity following heat-moisture treatment compare to native sweet potato. The changes differ between yellow sweet potato and purple sweet potato. This indicates that different starches may respond differently to physical modification. The diffractograph of flour samples showed the main peak mainly in 15°, 16°, 17°, 22° and 23°, that correspond to the spacing-d in 5, 8, 5, 3, 4, 9 and 3, 8 A, respectively. This reflection indicates the presence of a A-type crystalline.
A New Treatment Choice against Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonasaeruginosa: Doripenem

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative strict aerobic Bacillus that causes around 10% of nosocomial infections. This bacillus can become resistant to multiple antibiotics, and it has been described mainly in inmuno compromised patients. The prevalence of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas has been increasing over the last few years. Currently we have new agents to treat this type of infection. Doripenem is the new B-lactam from the carbapenem family, which has demonstrated in vitro the best activity against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in different studies. Its mechanism of action consists of the inactivation of penicillin-binding proteins in the cell wall. This agent has been indicated in the treatment of several infections, such as complicated intraabdominal infections, complicated urinary tract infections and nosocomial pneumonia. The principal difference between doripenem and the other carbapenems, is the capacity of preventing the generation of resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, so it is especially useful for severe infections caused by multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. But this situation may change if we don't use antibiotics properly. Promoting rationale use of antibiotics to treat infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be critical to make the emergence of multidrug resistant strains difficult. The present review describes the main features of doripenem and its potential role in managing infections due to multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Mapping QTLs Associated with Salt Tolerance Related Traits in Seedling Stage of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Salinity stress is a major limitation in wheat production. The lack of economically viable methods for screening salinity tolerance in the field is an obstacle to breeders. In this study, a population of 254 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from a cross between two bread wheat cultivars, namely, Roshan × Sabalan, was assessed in glasshouse during the seedling phase in order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for salinity-tolerance related traits. A genetic linkage map was constructed from 239 markers, namely, 225 Diversity Arrays Technology markers (DArTs) and 14 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) which spanned a total of 1,099.7 cM. A total of 31 QTLs for salinity tolerance were identified on 13 chromosomes, contributing more than 50% of the total phenotypic variation. The frequency of Roshan and Sabalan alleles were high at loci in different homeologous groups. Most of the detected QTLs were located on chromosomes 3B and 5B, among the 13 chromosomes. Two QTLs related to fresh weight and height of shoot were detected on 1A and 3A, which explained 18% and 12.9% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively. Roshan (salt tolerance) alleles were associated with an increase in all traits under both control and stress conditions. SSR markers gwm626 and gwm540 (on chromosomes 6B and 5B, respectively) were tightly linked with different QTLs under control and stress conditions, and explained 21.1% and 8.1% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. Some of these QTLs mapped to genomic regions previously associated with salt tolerance in wheat.
AJAE Appendix: Incentives to Reduce Crop Trait Durability

The solution is p1L = 2 L . Note that this solution is identical to the one obtained in the case of commitment and with a durable good strategy if < L=2. Hence. the monopoly pro t and farmer surplus are also identical to the one de ned in table 2. With the introduction of a fee, the farmer who is indi¤erent between self-producing and buying seed during the second period has a self-production cost ~ = minf2 L p1L; g. The farmers with lower self-production costs ( ~ ) buy during the rst period, self-produce and pay the fee. The farmers with higher self-production costs ( ~ ) buy the seed in the second period and also in the rst period if p1L L. As in the commitment case, the monopolist may choose two Toulouse School of Economics (INRA-LERNA), stefan.ambec@toulouse.inra. fr yIowa State University, langinier@econ.iastate. edu zINRA-GAEL, lemarie@grenoble.inra. fr
A Glimpse Into School Self-Evaluation in Malaysia: Are We Doing The Right Things? Or Are We Doing the Things Right?

The focus of this paper is on the policy and implementation of School Self-Evaluation (SSE) conducted in Malaysian schools. It begins by having an overall look on what school evaluation is including its definition, purposes, link to external evaluation and also instruments which are used throughout the world. It then traces the history of SSE in Malaysia. Next, it discusses the policy underlining the SSE as dictated by the Ministry of Education Malaysia. This paper further explores the reality behind the implementation of this form of internal evaluation whilst linking it with school inspection conducted by the Inspection Body under the Ministry of Education Malaysia. By doing so, it will also try to capture some of the SSE concepts which embody its implementation. Then, it analyses the manner of how SSE is done by highlighting some important issues that need to be dealt with accordingly by the relevant authorities. Finally, it concludes by discussing the future of SSE in Malaysia.
On the interaction of velars and labials

The paper treats data from a wide range of languages to show, on the one hand, that there is pervasive direct interaction between labials and velars to the exclusion of coronals, and, on the other hand, that the drive behind these phenomena is simply the presence of labiality in labials and the lack of any place specifications in velars. These data then further support the view that velars lack place specifications altogether, a view presented in Huber 2004b contra Paradis and Prunet 1991. Most importantly, the paper clearly shows that all these phenomena are in fact prosodic phonologically conditioned and absolutely regular, rather than random or unprincipled changes. On this basis, the paper sets up a new typology of the phenomena, which better captures the phonological conditions underlying them.
iCRESTRIGRS: a coupled modeling system for cascading flood–landslide disaster forecasting

Abstract. Severe storm-triggered floods and landslides are two major natural hazards in the US, causing property losses of USD 6 billion and approximately 110–160 fatalities per year nationwide. Moreover, floods and landslides often occur in a cascading manner, posing significant risk and leading to losses that are significantly greater than the sum of the losses from the hazards when acting separately. It is pertinent to couple hydrological and geotechnical modeling processes to an integrated flood–landslide cascading disaster modeling system for improved disaster preparedness and hazard management. In this study, we developed the iCRESTRIGRS model, a coupled flash flood and landslide initiation modeling system, by integrating the Coupled Routing and Excess STorage (CREST) model with the physically based Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability (TRIGRS) landslide model. The iCRESTRIGRS system is evaluated in four river basins in western North Carolina that experienced a large number of floods, landslides and debris flows triggered by heavy rainfall from Hurricane Ivan during 16–18 September 2004. The modeled hourly hydrographs at four USGS gauge stations show generally good agreement with the observations during the entire storm period. In terms of landslide prediction in this case study, the coupled model has a global accuracy of 98.9 % and a true positive rate of 56.4 %. More importantly, it shows an improved predictive capability for landslides relative to the stand-alone TRIGRS model. This study highlights the important physical connection between rainfall, hydrological processes and slope stability, and provides a useful prototype model system for operational forecasting of flood and landslide.
Prognostic value of the ABCD 2 score on long-term follow-up of transient ischemic attack using the new tissue-based definition

The ABCD 2 score is validated for evaluating short-term stroke risk after transient ischemic attack (TIA); however, whether it is able to predict the long-term risk of vascular outcome remains uncertain. Recently a new tissue-based definition of TIA has been proposed. The ABCD 2 scores of 145 TIA patients admitted to our hospital were retrospectively calculated and stratified into two categories: ≤ 3 points (low risk); 4-7 points (moderate-high risk). At a median follow-up of 81 months, new vascular events were recorded. Follow-up data were available in 107 patients. Seventy one patients had a moderate-high ABCD 2 score. Sixty six patients experienced a cerebral ischemic event; 8 a myocardial infarction; 7 died of cerebrovascular or cardiovascular cause. Moderate-high ABCD 2 score was significantly associated with the further cerebral ischemic events (hazard ratio [HR], 1.755; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.019 to 3.024) and with the combined endpoint (HR, 1.818; 95% CI, 1.079 to 3.063). Our study shows that the ABCD 2 score may also be used to predict long-term vascular outcome after tissue-based definition of TIA. Moderate-high ABCD 2 score is associated with an increased general vascular risk in the long-term follow-up after TIA.
Effects of concurrent low temperature and low nitrogen supply on polar and temperate seaweeds

Antarctic and arctic marine waters have similar near-freezing temperatures, but differ greatly in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) availability. Antarctic algae have high DIN supply year-round; arctic algae are N-limited during the summer. Temperate algae experience low temperatures and low DIN supply on a seasonal basis, but never concurrently. Nitrogen supply influences the ability of algae to achieve the high enzyme activities necessary for cold acclimation. The present study compared N-allocation strategies of antarctic, arctic, and temperate seaweeds grown under N-replete and N-limited conditions at near-freezing temperature. Sporophytes of the antarctic endemic, Himantothallus grandifolius, did not store NO 3 - , had small pools of nitrogenous compounds, and were unable to sustain growth for longer than 1 mo under N-limitation. However, N-starved plants with negative growth rates exhibited chlorophyll fluorescence ratios (F v /F m ) similar to those of N-replete plants, and photosynthetic rates remained positive, suggesting that PSII reaction centres (RCII) were functioning efficiently. In contrast, the arctic endemic, Laminaria solidungula, maintained relatively high growth rates during 9 mo of N-starvation. The arctic kelp utilised both internal NO 3 - pools and organic nitrogenous components, such as protein and chlorophyll, to support growth. Despite declines in the density of RCII and photosynthetic capacity, N-limited L. solidungula continued to accumulate carbon reserves. Like the arctic plants, temperate L. saccharina from the Atlantic coast of Maine had internal reserves of NO 3 - and organic compounds that provided the initial N-source for growth under low external N-supply. The internal N-reserves were depleted fairly rapidly, however, and the temperate kelp showed simultaneous reductions in growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and F v /F m after only 3 mo under low N-supply. Overall, the arctic species alone has an N-allocation strategy for surviving long periods of concurrent low temperature and low N-supply. The antarctic species appears to be primarily adapted to maintaining photosynthesis and growth under low light and low temperature, rather than low DIN supply. The temperate species is poorly adapted to survive prolonged periods of both low N and low temperature, even though ecotypes of this species extend into the Arctic.