Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Skew flap technique in trans-tibial amputation

The long posterior flap technique is an established technique for trans-tibial amputation in ischaemic limbs. Despite its success, it has a few drawbacks. It may be time-consuming and requires considerable planning, and at times the dog-ears cannot be avoided. The suture line passes over the distal end of the stump, which is usually a problem during prosthetic use. The skew flap technique retains the advantages of the long posterior flap technique and eliminates the difficulties of prosthetic fitting. The equal skin flaps are skewed so that the flaps become anteromedial and posterolateral, whereas the calf muscle flap remains long underneath the skewed skin flaps. The posterior muscles are brought anteriorly covering the cut ends of the bones and are buried in between the tibia and its anterior periosteum, by suturing their margins with the periosteum. The skew flap procedure was perceived in 1980 and was started at the Artificial Limb Centre, Pune in 1983 by the author. This procedure underwent many changes during the initial 5 years and by the end of April 1992, 85 trans-tibial amputations were performed using this technique. A 9-year follow-up of these patients, who had been using prostheses with ease and without any discomfort or problem, had been exceptionally good. Encouraged by the results, this technique is now being practised as routinely. By March 1998, a total of 125 such trans-tibial amputations had been performed in 119 patients, with excellent results.
Measuring the Attitudes of Human Service Professionals Toward Deafness

The Attitudes to Deafness Scale is a 22-item measure of attitudes toward people who are deaf designed for use with human service professionals. Attitude statements were generated from personal accounts by deaf people in the literature and from a focus group in which deaf people discussed their experience of hearing people's attitudes toward them. A 60-item scale was administered to a group of 121 clinical and forensic psychologists during their training. Item analysis was conducted to select items that effectively distinguished participants with a positive attitude from those with a negative attitude toward deaf people. The scale may be used in any context where a professional group comes into contact with people who are deaf.
Parent Training and Social Skills Training for Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: How can They be Combined for Greater Effectiveness?

Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a chronic and treatment-refractory syndrome affecting academic, social and emotional adjustment in children. Stimulant medication is the treatment of choice and is often paired with psychosocial treatment. However, no single treatment modality alleviates the symptoms or improves the negative peer status of these children in their social ecology over the long term. This article reviews two psychosocial treatments used for ADHD, parent training and social skills training and suggests ways that these two components may be combined for greater effectiveness by encouraging the parent to: 1. learn more about the importance of developing social competence and positive peer status; 2. use incidental teaching and self-evaluation strategies; 3. become strategic organizers of the child's social life; and 4. become case managers to facilitate more consistency between the significant adults in the child's social environment.
Distribution of natural killer cells and lymphocyte subclasses in Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin and in cutaneous lesions of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus

We studied the cell infiltrates in biopsies from lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (LIS), with six monoclonal T cell antigen‐specific antibodies and compared the reactivity pattern with those in biopsies from discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus skin lesions and allergic contact skin reactions. A newly described antibody (NK9) recognizing natural killer (NK) cells and activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes was included, and the numbers and activity of circulating NK cells was determined.
Functional Categories in Agrammatism

This paper comments on Hagiwara's (1994b, this volume) proposals to account for the language deficits found in agrammatic aphasia, with special emphasis on Functional Categories (FCs). Some contemporary assumptions about FCs are reviewed focusing on their contentfulness, morphological features, and depiction as a heterogeneous set. This paper also discusses the view that the target of impairment in agrammatism constitutes a natural class. Treatment of FCs in their connection to chains and Lexical-Relatedness is discussed in terms of feature checking and morphological characteristics.
Diagnostic Approach, Treatment, and Outcomes of Cervical Sympathetic Chain Schwannomas

Objective This review examined the diagnostic approach, surgical treatment, and outcomes of cervical sympathetic chain schwannomas (CSCS) to guide clinical decision making. Data Sources Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Review Methods A literature review from 1998 to 2013 identified 156 articles of which 51 representing 89 CSCS cases were evaluated in detail. Demographic, clinical, and outcomes data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers with high interrater reliability (κ = .79). Cases were mostly international (82%), predominantly from Asia (50%) and Europe (27%). Conclusions On average, patients were 42.6 years old (SD = 13.3) and had a neck mass ranging between 2 to 4 cm (52.7%) or >4 cm (43.2%). Nearly 70% of cases were asymptomatic at presentation. Presurgical diagnosis relied on CT (63.4%), MRI (59.8%), or both (19.5%), supplemented by cytology (33.7%), which was nearly always inconclusive (96.7%). US-treated cases were significantly more likely to receive presurgical MRI than internationally treated cases but less likely to have cytology (P < .05). Presurgical diagnosis was challenging, with only 11% confirmatory accuracy postsurgically. Irrespective of mass size, extracapsular resection (ie, complete resection with nerve sacrifice) was the most frequently (87.6%) performed surgical procedure. Common postsurgical adverse events included Horner’s syndrome (91.1%), first bite syndrome (21.1%), or both (15.7%), with higher prevalence when mass size was >4 cm. Adverse events persisted in 82.3% of cases at an average 30.0 months (SD = 30.1) follow-up time. Implications for Practice Given the typical CSCS patient is young and asymptomatic and the likelihood of persistent morbidity is high with standard surgical approaches, less invasive treatment options warrant consideration.
Differences between suicide victims who leave notes and those who do not: a 2-year study in Greece.

BACKGROUND Whether differences exist between those who do leave a suicide note and those who do not has not yet been comprehensively answered. Leaving a suicide note is not a random phenomenon: A minority, varying between 3-42%, of all suicide victims leave a note. AIMS To compare the group of suicide victims who leave notes with the ones who do not, using data from the Athens Department of Forensic Medicine, the largest in Greece. METHODS We examined sex, age, nationality, religious beliefs, marital and residential status, history of prior psychiatric disorder and psychiatric attempt(s), suicide method, physical disease, recent hospitalization, and existence of suicide notes. We completed psychological autopsy questionnaires after phone interviews with relatives of the suicide victims of a 2-year period (November 2007-October 2009). RESULTS Note writers, 26.1% of our sample, differed in the following: they died by hanging or shooting (p=.007), had no history of psychiatric illness (p<.001) or recent (i.e., within 12 months of the suicide) psychiatric hospitalization (p=.005). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that there are indeed differences between suicide victims who leave a note and those who do not. We also suggest some explanations for these differences, which could represent a valuable starting point for future research on this topic.
A map framework using crowd-sourced data for indoor positioning and navigation

In this paper, we present a framework for indoor positioning and navigation purposes. This framework uses crowd-sourced OpenStreetMap (OSM) data for rendering combined outdoor and indoor maps, for the calculation of navigation routes as well as for the correction of indoor positioning algorithms. Based on six general requirements, which we formulate and explain in this paper, the architecture and realization of this framework was designed. Finally, we show that, with the help of this framework, future indoor positioning applications can be developed in a time-efficient and reliable way.
Incidence of Type II Diabetes in Mexican Americans Predicted by Fasting Insulin and Glucose Levels, Obesity, and Body-Fat Distribution

Few data exist on predictors of non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus. We examined body mass index (BMI), ratio of subscapular-to-triceps skin fold (centrality index), and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations as predictors of decompensation to type II diabetes in Mexican Americans, a population at high risk for this disorder. Twenty-eight of 474 initially nondiabetic Mexican Americans developed type II diabetes after 8 yr of follow-up. Converters to diabetes were older and had higher BMIs, centrality indices, and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations than nonconverters. Subjects in the highest quartile of the insulin distribution had 6.6 times the risk of developing type II diabetes as subjects in the remaining three quartiles combined (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.14–13.7). In multivariate analysis, fasting glucose (odds ratio [OR] = 5.80, 95% CI = 2.57–13.1) and insulin (OR = 3.12, 95% CI = 1.36–7.14) remained significantly related to conversion to diabetes. However, BMI and centrality index, which were significantly related to conversion in the univariate analysis, were no longer significant in the multivariate analysis once glucose and insulin concentrations were taken into consideration, suggesting that the effect of these variables may be mediated by insulin resistance. Nearly half of the incident cases developed in a subset of the population who were simultaneously in the highest quartile of both fasting insulin and glucose concentrations (population-attributable risk 44.2%). Our results support the insulin resistance/pancreatic exhaustion theory of type II diabetes.
Identification of Chlamydia trachomatis antigens by use of murine T-cell lines

Chlamydia-specific short-term T-cell lines were used in conjunction with immunoblot techniques to examine Chlamydia trachomatis proteins for T-cell-stimulatory activity. This study was undertaken because of the known role of T cells in the resolution and pathogenesis of chlamydial infections. Therefore, determination of which chlamydial proteins are T-cell antigens and whether they evoke protective immunity or contribute to immunopathology is crucial. Immune lymph node cells were stimulated with whole chlamydial organism (elementary body) to derive predominantly CD4+ T-cell lines. Proteins from the elementary body and the outer membrane and cloned proteins were examined for antigenicity with these T-cell lines in a proliferation assay. Although a majority of the elementary body protein fractions were positive in this assay, only four of the outer membrane fractions were stimulatory. The cloned major outer membrane protein and outer membrane protein 2 were stimulatory in the assay and may account for the reactivity in three of the four positive outer membrane fractions. The C. trachomatis heat shock protein 60, examined because of its putative role in causing delayed-type hypersensitivity, was found to stimulate the CD4+ T cells. This approach with short-term T-cell lines with polyclonal reactivity was sensitive and specific in identifying chlamydial proteins as T-cell antigens.
A case of gnathostomiasis in a European traveller returning from Mexico

Hundreds of human cases of gnathostomiasis have recently been reported from Mexico, where the disease is becoming a public health problem. We report a case of gnathostomiasis in a French tourist returning from Mexico. Tourists travelling in endemic countries are at risk of gnathostomiasis and should be advised about the risks of eating raw fish as a suspected source of infection.
Post-Traumatic Osteomyelitis in Dogs and Cats and the Comparison with the Incidence of Bacterial Colonisation in Removed Plate Implants

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of post-traumatic osteomyelitis in 65 animals (dog n=51; cat n=14) and compare this with the incidence of bacterial colonisation of the removed plate implants in the same study group. Study Design: retrospective study Sample Collection: Data were further collected from the medical records of the animals presented between February 2010 and March 2013 for the removal of plate implants and included sex, age, weight, antibiotic therapy, clinical, and radiological presence of osteomyelitis. Methods: Presence of clinical signs and radiographic changes typical for osteomyelitis, pus on aspiration, and positive bacterial culture, were evaluated. The animals were considered as patients with osteomyelitis if two or more of these criteria were present. Incidence of the osteomyelitis in the study group was then statistically compared with the findings published by Pagel (2015)1 on the incidence of bacterial colonisation of the removed plate implants in the same animal group. Results: Five dogs (5/51; 9,8%) and no cats (0/14; 0%) showed osteomyelitis. Mean age and mean weight were 6,6 ± 4,7 years and 35,2 ± 12,6 kg, respectively. The most common clinical signs were localised swelling (5/5), local pain (5/5) and lameness (5/5); in radiological signs soft tissue swelling (5/5) and osteolysis (5/5). Bacterial culture yielded St pseudintermedius in all cases. Compared to the previous study by Pagel (2015), the incidence of bacterial colonisation (n=33; 50,8%) was significantly higher (P<0,01) compared to the incidence of osteomyelitis (n=5; 7,8%). Conclusions: This study shows that the incidence of bacterial colonisation was signifiPost-Traumatic Osteomyelitis in Dogs and Cats and the Comparison with the Incidence of Bacterial Colonisation in Removed Plate Implants
The Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS): a model for the initiation of p53 signatures in the distal Fallopian tube

A candidate early precursor to pelvic serous cancer, the ‘p53 signature’, is commonly found in the benign mucosa of the distal Fallopian tube and harbours p53 mutations and evidence of DNA damage. We examined tubes from women with pre‐existing (germ‐line) mutations in p53 [Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS)] for evidence of this precursor. Fallopian tubes from two cases of LFS were immunostained for p53, Ki‐67 (proliferation) and H2AX (DNA damage response) and analysed for p53 mutations by laser capture microdissection (LCM) and p53 genomic sequencing (exons 2–11). A common single nucleotide repeat (snp) in exon 3 (rs1042522) and deletion sequencing chromatograms in exon 4 were examined in combination to estimate LOH in both LFS tubes and advanced serous carcinomas from the general population. LFS tubal epithelium contained abundant (10–20 per section) p53 signatures with evidence of DNA damage and low proliferative activity. Six of 11 LFS microdissected p53 signatures (55%) and 15 of 21 serous carcinomas (71%) revealed LOH at the p53 locus, relative to background epithelium. The LFS model confirms prior observations that the distal Fallopian tube is particularly prone to focal epithelial p53 gene inactivation—p53 mutation and LOH—in the absence of malignancy or increased epithelial proliferation. The fact that the LFS is not associated with ovarian cancers is consistent with the concept that loss of p53 function must be accompanied by at least one more genotoxic event (including BRCA1/2 functional inactivation) to produce the malignant phenotype. This is in keeping with a general model of carcinogenesis, in which different and often independent risk factors operate at multiple points in the serous carcinogenic spectrum. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of ACE inhibitors in hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension is an independent predictor for sudden death, ventricular arrhythmias, myocardial ischaemia, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. `-9 These relations have proved true whether the hypertrophy is detected by electrocardiography or by the much more sensitive technique of echocardiography. It seems logical that regression of left ventricular hypertrophy would be beneficial, but, as yet, few clinical data support this contention beyond a limited experience from the Framingham study. Antihypertensive treatments might differ in their ability to promote regression of left ventricular hypertrophy independently of their blood pressure lowering effect. There is a powerful theoretical basis suggesting that inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), with consequent reduction in plasma and tissue concentrations of angiotensin II, may be superior in promoting regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Studies in animal models of hypertension and meta-analyses of trials of drug treatment in human hypertension are not entirely concordant, but overall they support a major role for ACE inhibitors in reducing left ventricular hypertrophy.
Callus culture for biomass production of milk thistle as a potential source of milk clotting peptidases

with phytagel was used, and a 63% survival was achieved. To obtain callus, two solid media were assayed (S1 and S2) using B5 medium supplemented with growth regulators (BA and 2,4-D or NAA and BA, respectively). The calli were grown at 25oC during 45 days in darkness. Growth kinetics was studied using S1 medium obtaining a typical growth curve with an exponential phase after 14 days of incubation (rate of growth 0.005 g dry weight/ day) and stationary phase after 35 days. The rate of growth in S2 medium was slower, and rhizogenesis was observed starting on the fifth week of incubation. From these results, the best culture medium for callus production of
Possibility of application of cytochrome P450 to bioremediation of dioxins

Dioxins, including polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls, are known to be metabolized by enzymes such as cytochrome (CYP) P450, angular dioxygenase, lignin peroxidase, and dehalogenase. It is noted that all of these enzymes have metal ions in their active centers, and the enzyme systems except for peroxidase each have a distinct electron transport chain. Among these enzyme systems, we have focused on cytochrome P450‐dependent metabolism of dioxins from the viewpoint of practical use for bioremediation. Mammalian and fungal cytochromes P450 showed remarkable activity toward low‐chlorinated PCDDs. In particular, mammalian cytochromes P450 belonging to the CYP1 family showed high activity. Rat CYP1A1 showed high activity toward 2,3,7‐trichloro‐dibenzo‐p‐dioxin but no detectable activity for 2,3,7,8‐tetrachloro‐dibenzo‐p‐dioxin (2,3,7,8‐TCDD). On the basis of these results, we assumed that enlarging the space of the substrate‐binding pocket of rat CYP1A1 might generate TCDD‐metabolizing enzyme. Large‐sized amino acids located at putative substrate‐recognition sites and F‐G loop were substituted for alanine by site‐directed mutagenesis. Finally, we successfully generated 2,3,7,8‐TCDD–metabolizing enzyme by site‐directed mutagenesis of rat CYP1A1. We hope that recombinant microorganisms harboring genetically engineered cytochrome P450 will be used for bioremediation of soil contaminated with PCDDs, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in the future.
Gallstones spilt at laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a new cause of intraperitoneal granulomas

A case of a 32 year old woman with a foreign body-type granulomatous reaction to gallstones spilt at previous laparoscopic cholecystectomy is reported. The patient presented with hard nodules within the omentum at a subsequent Caesarean section, raising the possibility of metastatic tumour. Histological examination showed gallstones with an associated foreign body-type granulomatous reaction. With increasingly widespread use of laparoscopic surgery and relatively common spillage of gallstones at surgery, it is likely that histopathologists will encounter this condition more frequently in the future, both in surgical biopsy specimens and at necropsy. (J7 Clin Pathol 1996;49:84-85)
Resetting the defect chemistry in CdTe

CdTe cell efficiencies have increased from 17% to 21% in the past three years and now rival polycrystalline Si [1]. Research is now targeting 25% to displace Si, attain costs less than 40 cents/W, and reach grid parity. Recent efficiency gains have come largely from greater photocurrent. There is still headroom to lower costs and improve performance by increasing open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor. Record-efficiency CdTe cells have been limited to Voc <; 880 mV, whereas GaAs can attain Voc of 1.10 V with a slightly smaller bandgap [2,3]. To overcome this barrier, we seek to understand and increase lifetime and carrier concentration in CdTe. In polycrystalline structures, lifetime can be limited by interface and grain-boundary recombination, and attaining high carrier concentration is complicated by morphology.
A Novel Modeling Approach for Design Studies of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generator Based on Magnetic Equivalent Circuit

Brushless doubly fed induction generator (BDFIG) has substantial benefits, which make it an attractive alternative as a wind turbine generator. However, it suffers from lower efficiency and larger dimensions in comparison to DFIG. Hence, optimizing the BDFIG structure is necessary for enhancing its situation commercially. In previous studies, a simple model has been used in BDFIG design procedure that is insufficiently accurate. Furthermore, magnetic saturation and iron loss are not considered because of difficulties in determination of flux density distributions. The aim of this paper is to establish an accurate yet computationally fast model suitable for BDFIG design studies. The proposed approach combines three equivalent circuits including electric, magnetic and thermal models. Utilizing electric equivalent circuit makes it possible to apply static form of magnetic equivalent circuit, because the elapsed time to reach steady-state results in the dynamic form is too long for using in population-based design studies. The operating characteristics, which are necessary for evaluating the objective function and constraints values of the optimization problem, can be calculated using the presented approach considering iron loss, saturation, and geometrical details. The simulation results of a D-180 prototype BDFIG are compared with measured data in order to validate the developed model.
‘Ergative’ Marking in Tibeto-Burman

Cet article presente les premiers resultats d'une vaste enquete sur la morphosyntaxe comparative des langues tibeto-birmanes. Les donnees sur les formes morphologiques et les modeles typologiques ont ete collectees a partir de 51 langues et dialectes de la famille tibeto-birmane. Les donnees sur le marquage de cas ergatif ou agentif sont analysees ici afin de determiner s'il serait possible de reconstruire un marqueur de cas ergatif pour le proto-tibeto-birman et ainsi en apprendre plus sur la nature de son organisation grammaticale. En outre, cette etude permet de souligner l'existence de deux types de marquage ergatif : systemique et non systemique