Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: The Amplitudes of fluctuations in the 2dFGRS and the CMB, and implications for galaxy biasing

We compare the amplitudes of fluctuations probed by the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and by the latest measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. By combining the 2dFGRS and CMB data, we find the linear-theory rms mass fluctuations in 8 h (-1) Mpc spheres to be sigma (8m) =0.73+/-0.05 (after marginalization over the matter density parameter Omega(m) and three other free parameters). This normalization is lower than the COBE normalization and previous estimates from cluster abundance, but it is in agreement with some revised cluster abundance determinations. We also estimate the scale-independent bias parameter of present-epoch L (s) =1.9L * APM-selected galaxies to be b (L (s) ,z =0)=1.10+/-0.08 on comoving scales of 0.02<k <0.15 h Mpc(-1). If luminosity segregation operates on these scales, L * galaxies would be almost unbiased, b (L (*) , z =0)approximate to0.96. These results are derived by assuming a flat LambdaCDM Universe, and by marginalizing over other free parameters and fixing the spectral index n =1 and the optical depth due to reionization tau =0. We also study the best-fitting pair (Omega(m) , b ), and the robustness of the results to varying n and tau . Various modelling corrections can each change the resulting b by 5-15 per cent. The results are compared with other independent measurements from the 2dFGRS itself, and from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), cluster abundance and cosmic shear.
THE EFFECTS OF BACKGROUND NOISE ON RECOGNITION TASKS

Many studies have been done on the effects of background noise on cognitive functions, in particular memory and learning. But few studies have examined the effect of acute noise on the specific parts of the memory process. 23 students from Stockholm University were tested with two different semantic programming tasks during different white noise conditions. Working memory capacity and subjective sensitivity to noise was also tested. No significant effects were found for the recognition scores, but a significant main effect of noise during recognition, as well as a significant main effect for experimental group, was found for response time. The noise effect was beneficent, which puts the study in conflict with most previous ones. The results could perhaps be explained by the theory of Stochastic Resonance or the Yerkes-Dodson Effect. Other reactiontime related tasks are suggested as future topics of study.
Passive tracer transport relevant to the TRACE A experiment

This paper explores some of the mechanisms governing the accumulation of passive tracers over the tropical southern Atlantic Ocean during the northern hemisphere fall season. There has been a pioneering observation regarding ozone maxima over the South Atlantic during austral spring. The understanding of the formation of this maxima has been the prime motivation for this study. Using a global model as a frame of reference, we have carried out three kinds of experiments during the period of the Transport and Atmospheric Chemistry Near the Equator-Atlantic (TRACE A) project of 1992. The first of these is a simple advection of total ozone (a passive tracer) in time using the Florida State University global spectral model. Integration over the period of roughly 1 week showed that the model quite closely replicates the behavior of the observed total ozone from the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS). This includes many of the changes in the features of total ozone over the tropical and subtropical region of the southern Atlantic Ocean. These studies suggest a correlation of 0.8 between the observed ozone over this region and ozone modeled from “dynamics alone,” i.e., without recourse to any photochemistry. The second series of experiments invoke sustained sources of a tracer over the biomass burn region of Africa and Brazil. Furthermore, sustained sources were also introduced in the active frontal “descending air” region of the southern hemisphere and over the Asian monsoon's east-west circulation. These experiments strongly suggest that air motions help to accumulate tracer elements over the tropical southern Atlantic Ocean. A third series of experiments address what may be required to improve the deficiencies of the vertical stratification of ozone predicted by the model over the flight region of the tropical southern Atlantic during TRACE A. Here we use the global model to optimally derive plausible accumulation of burn elements over the fire count regions of Brazil and Africa to provide passive tracer advections to closely match what was observed from reconnaissance aircraft-based measurements of ozone over the tropical southern Atlantic Ocean.
A new 100-m Digital Elevation Model of the Antarctic Peninsula derived from ASTER Global DEM: methods and accuracy assessment

Abstract. A high resolution surface topography Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is required to underpin studies of the complex glacier system on the Antarctic Peninsula. A complete DEM with better than 200 m pixel size and high positional and vertical accuracy would enable mapping of all significant glacial basins and provide a dataset for glacier morphology analyses. No currently available DEM meets these specifications. We present a new 100-m DEM of the Antarctic Peninsula (63–70° S), based on ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) data. The raw GDEM products are of high-quality on the rugged terrain and coastal-regions of the Antarctic Peninsula and have good geospatial accuracy, but they also contain large errors on ice-covered terrain and we seek to minimise these artefacts. Conventional data correction techniques do not work so we have developed a method that significantly improves the dataset, smoothing the erroneous regions and hence creating a DEM with a pixel size of 100 m that will be suitable for many glaciological applications. We evaluate the new DEM using ICESat-derived elevations, and perform horizontal and vertical accuracy assessments based on GPS positions, SPOT-5 DEMs and the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA) imagery. The new DEM has a mean elevation difference of −4 m (p 25 m RMSE) from ICESat (compared to −13 m mean and p97 m RMSE for the original ASTER GDEM), and a horizontal error of less than 2 pixels, although elevation accuracies are lower on mountain peaks and steep-sided slopes. The correction method significantly reduces errors on low relief slopes and therefore the DEM can be regarded as suitable for topographical studies such as measuring the geometry and ice flow properties of glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula. The DEM is available for download from the NSIDC website: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0516.html ( doi:10.5060/D47P8W9D ).
Enterocin from Enterococcus faecium isolated from mangrove environment

Enterococcus faecium isolated from mangrove environment produced enterocin and it showed broad inhibitory spectrum against gram positive and gram negative bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus facealis, Listeria monocytogens and Salmonella paratyphii. The optimum production of bacteriocin (2400 AU/ml) from E. faceium was obtained when the culture conditions were maintained at pH 6.0 and 35°C. Maximum yield was 40% in ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of the partially purified enterocin was estimated as 5 KDa by SDS PAGE electrophoresis.
An investigation on perceived constraints of teachers in relation to leisure activities

This paper examines perceived constraints of physical education and other branches teachers (music/arts) in relation to leisure activities. After legal permissions 228 teachers, who work in city center Kutahya (a city in the west part of Turkey), voluntarily participated in the study. Leisure Constraints Scale-18- was used to collect data. To analyze the data in addition to descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation, Mann Whitney U was used. According to findings of the study while "time" was found to be the most important factor, "lack of interest" was found to be the least important factor as leisure constraints for all participants jointly. Also, analyze results revealed that while physical education and sports teachers are more constrained by intrapersonal factors other branch teachers are constrained by interpersonal factors.
Gender and Geography in the Boardroom: What Really Matters for Board Decisions?

Recent literature has shown that gender diversity in the boardroom seems to influence key monitoring decisions of boards. In this paper, we examine whether the observed relation between gender diversity and board decisions is due to a confounding factor, namely, directors’ geographic distance from headquarters. Using data on residential addresses for over 4,000 directors of S&P 1500 firms, we document that female directors cluster in large metropolitan areas and tend to live much farther away from headquarters compared to their male counterparts. We also reexamine prior findings in the literature on how boardroom gender diversity affects key board decisions. We use data on direct airline flights between U.S. locations to carry out an instrumental variables approach that exploits plausibly exogenous variation in both gender diversity and geographic distance. The results show that the effects of boardroom gender diversity on CEO compensation and CEO dismissal decisions found in the prior literature largely disappear when we account for geographic distance. Overall, our results support the view that gender-diverse boards are “tougher monitors” not because of gender differences per se, but rather because they are more geographically remote from headquarters and hence more reliant on hard information such as stock prices. The findings thus suggest that board gender policies, such as quotas, could have unintended consequences for some firms.
Application of Local Fractional Series Expansion Method to Solve Klein-Gordon Equations on Cantor Sets

We use the local fractional series expansion method to solve the Klein-Gordon equations on Cantor sets within the local fractional derivatives. The analytical solutions within the nondifferential terms are discussed. The obtained results show the simplicity and efficiency of the present technique with application to the problems of the liner differential equations on Cantor sets.
Geochemical and isotopic (Nd and Sr) constraints on elucidating the origin of intrusions from northwest Saveh, Central Iran

Three intrusive granitoid bodies from northwest Saveh, central Iran, are embedded in volcanic sedimentary rocks of the Eocene,forming isolated small outcrops: Khalkhab quartz monzodioritic units (SiO2: ~52-57 wt %) to the northwest, Neshveh granodioriticunits (SiO2: ~62-71 wt %) to the northeast, and Selijerd granodioritic units (SiO2: ~63-69 wt %) to the southeast. The Khalkhab unit iscomposed of quartz monzogabbro and quartz monzodiorite with medium- to coarse-grained textures. The Neshveh unit is composedmainly of granodiorite with subordinate granite of medium grain size and a porphyritic texture with plagioclase megacryst. The Selijerdunit ranges from granodiorite to tonalite with a medium- to coarse-grained granophyric texture. The rocks studied display a relativelyhigh Na2O content,with a molecular A/CNK ratio less than 1.1, Na2O/ K2O ratio of ~2.06 and calc-alkaline affinity. They containmodal clinopyroxene, hornblende, magnetite and titanite, suggesting I-type characteristics for these rocks and formation in an activecontinental margin. Isotopic data (87Sr/86Sr39Ma= 0.704536-0.704860; e(Nd)39Ma= 2.2-3.9) from northwest Saveh intrusive rocks areplotted to the left of bulk silicate Earth. These ratios, together with geochemical data, suggest that the parent magmas of the rocksstudied might be generated by crystal fractionation of arc basalts in crustal magma chambers, coupled with some lower crustalassimilation prior to silica enrichment, to form quartz monzogabbros. Consequently, granodiorites formed dominantly by crystalfractionation from evolved parental magmas that ascended into the upper crustal magma chambers.
Multiple-point statistical simulation for hydrogeological models: 3-D training image development and conditioning strategies

Most studies about the application of geostatistical simulations based on multiple-point statistics (MPS) to hydrogeological modelling focus on relatively fine-scale models and concentrate on the estimation of facies-level, structural uncertainty. Much less attention is paid to the use of input data and optimal construction of training images. For instance, even though the training image should capture a set of spatial geological characteristics to guide the simulations, the majority of the research still relies on 2D or quasi-3D training images. In the present study, we demonstrate a novel strategy for 3D MPS modelling characterized by: (i) realistic 3D training images, and (ii) an effective workflow for incorporating a diverse group of geological and geophysical data sets. The study covers an area of 2810 km 2 in the southern part of Denmark. MPS simulations are performed on a subset of the geological succession (the lower to middle Miocene sediments) which is characterized by relatively uniform structures and dominated by sand and clay. The simulated domain is large and each of the geostatistical realizations contains approximately 45 million voxels with size 100 m × 100 m × 5 m. Data used for the modelling include water well logs, high-resolution seismic data, and a previously published 3D geological model. We apply a series of different strategies for the simulations based on data quality, and develop a novel method to effectively create observed sand/clay spatial trends. The training image is constructed as a small 3D voxel model covering an area of 90 km 2 . We use an iterative training image development strategy and find that even slight modifications in the training image create significant changes in simulations. Thus, the study underlines that it is important to consider both the geological environment, and the type and quality of input information in order to achieve optimal results from MPS modelling. In this study we present a possible workflow to build the training image and effectively handle different types of input information to perform large-scale geostatistical modelling.
Two Molecular Markers of Early Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Based on Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood

Background: Lung cancer is among the most common cancers. Search is ongoing to find biomarkers to improve the diagnosis lung cancer techniques in early stages. In this study we evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the MUC1 and CEA gene expressions in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and Methods: This study was done in Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran and was case/control study that conducted on 30 NSCLC patients and 30 healthy controls. Peripheral blood was collected and total RNA was extracted then cDNA was synthesized. Sample was separately assessed by real time PCR. Results: The expression of CEA gen was positive in 24 patients indicating 80% sensitivity for this marker. The expression of CEA gen was positive in 9 controls out of 30 each. A statistically significant difference was detected between patients and healthy controls with regard to CEA mRNA expression (P < 0.001). The MUC1 gen expressed in 20 out of 30 patients, while it expressed in 3 controls. The difference in MUC1 mRNA expression was statistically significant between NSCLC patients and healthy controls (P < 0.001). Conclusion: MUC1 and CEA are molecular biomarkers with relatively favorable sensitivity for primary diagnosis of NSCLC.
Volatile constituents and biological activities of the leaf essential oil of Jasminum mesnyi growing in Nepal

The essential oil from the leaf of Jasminum mesnyi, collected from Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, was obt ained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. From a to tal of 31 peaks, 25 compounds were identified in th e oil, accounting for 91.1% of the oil. The majority of tessential oil was dominated by the benzopyrone c (48.9%). The oil also contained major amounts of m onoterpenols including linalool (14.8%), α-terpineol (5.2%), and geraniol (3.3%). Other components of the essent ial oil found in smaller proportion included (Z)-as arone (3.5%) and (E)-phytol (3.4%). The oil was screened for an timicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staph ylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a nd Aspergillus niger, but showed no appreciable act ivity (MIC ≥ 1250 µg/mL). Jasminum mesnyi oil did show marginal activ ity in the brine shrimp lethality test (LC 50 = 27.03 µg/mL).
The Influence of Se Treatment and Annealing on Ferromagnetic-nGaAs Schottky Contact and Interface Properties

Effects of the selenium treatment on the interface structure and electrical characteristics of ferromagnetic-GaAs Schottky contacts were investigated. Selenium treatment significantly suppressed interfacial reactions between the Co and GaAs. However, in this case intensive Se segregation takes place at the Co(Se)-GaAs interface. The annealing results in the further CoAs formation and the increase of the amount of Ga in the Co film. Se treatment significantly suppresses thermally stimulated Co and GaAs interfacial reactions, too. Annealing in the N2 gas ambient results in the decrease of the effective barrier height both of Co-nGaAs and Co(Se)-nGaAs Schottky contacts. It can be explained by Co and GaAs interfacial reaction for Co-GaAs contact and by Co and Se reactions for Co(Se)-GaAs Schottky contact.
EFFECTS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE ON THE PROPERTIES OF MAGNESIUM POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE CEMENT ( MKPC ) USING MAGNESIA WITH DIFFERENT REACTIVITIES

In order to control the reaction rate of magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) and to obtain a hardened material with good mechanical properties and prolonged setting time, sodium chloride was added as a set retarder. In addition to that, and for an economical construction material, this work focused on the combined effect of sodium chloride and magnesia characteristics in order to obtain the less calcined magnesia that gives with sodium chloride the desired material. The results showed that sodium chloride can reduce the reaction heat release and delay the setting time. The addition of NaCl in MPKC pastes prepared with magnesia calcined at 800°C and 900°C has a little influence on the retarding of the reaction and the enhancement of the compressive strength. However, the significant retarding effect was obtained using magnesia calcined at temperatures higher than 1000°C. The testing results demonstrate that the best correlation between higher compressive strength and an adequate setting time was obtained using magnesia calcined at 1100°C. For this sort of magnesia, the compressive strength development was investigated and the possible retarding mechanism was discussed.
Story beneath story: Do magazine articles reveal forthcoming returns on stock market?

The study attempts to investigate the relation between news articles and stock returns, focusing on immediate impact of Pak and Gulf Economist articles. It endeavors to figure out whether such quantification of news articles has a relation with Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE)-100 index. Sample comprised of 511 words picked manually for analysis from 760 weekly issues of Pak and Gulf Economist. Correlation and regression analysis was applied to word indices and KSE excess returns for a period of 16 years from 1999 to 2014. Main finding was that words were not only correlated with KSE- excess returns rather they also had a causal relation with index. Augmenting benchmark models with word indices enhanced the forecasting power of those models. Key words: Behavioral finance, Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE)-100 index, text mining, R-word index, word count index, efficient markets.
Transmission of Attachment at Preschool-Age: The Mediating Role of Mother-Child Conversation Styles

Objective: Parents initiate conversations with their preschoolers about everyday experiences in which they share thoughts, feelings, and intentions. The ability to efficiently treat attachment relevant-information and organize attachment behavior beyond infancy is likely to be scaffolded by the parent in the context of parent-child discourse. The objective of this study was to examine mother-child conversation styles as a function of child attachment and test the the role of mother-child conversation as a mediator in the transmission of attachment from mother to child. Methods: The sample included 111 dyads of mothers and their preschool children (3-5 years of age). Child attachment was assessed using the Preschool Attachment Coding System. Mothers’ attachment state of mind was coded using the Adult Attachment Projective. Mother-child conversation styles were assessed during a 10-minute snack time. Results: Analyses indicated a significant correspondence between maternal and child attachment classifications. Moreover, autonomous mothers and secure children were more inclined to integrate affective information during verbal exchanges, while dyads involved in insecure avoidant, ambivalent, or disorganized relationships were more inclined to minimize, exaggerate, or be overwhelmed with affective information. Finally, children’s ability to integrate affective information mediated the link between mother and child attachment security. Conclusion: Overall, results emphasize the importance of the quality of mother-child conversation for the development of internal working models of child attachment during the preschool period. In addition, results are also informative for the development of attachment-based intervention for parents and their preschoolers.
A Supervisor's Roles for Successful Thesis and Dissertation.

The success of a thesis or a dissertation for a graduate student relies upon the roles of their supervisor. The student not only needs to be equipped with the knowledge, but also be able to manage others and external factors at the same time. The journey during the period of conducting research is mixed with various tasks. Five supportive roles of a supervisor involving the supervision system are specific technical support, broader intellectual support, administrative support, management, and personal support brings about the output of the study. A supervisor’s roles for successful thesis and dissertation is reported by using the survey on graduate students in the universities in Thailand probing for the current practices of supervisor and the expectation of student towards the supervisor’s roles. The reflection from the students’ perspective can help develop relationship between supervisor and student for undertaking a successful thesis and dissertation.