Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le Comparat ive Lexical Frequency Analysis of East Asian and Middle Eastern Corpora : Mot ivated by the Extremely Short Story

Consistent with previous papers (Hassall, 1998, 2006a; Hassall & Ganesh, 1996, 1999), this study utilizes Correspondence Analysis (CA) to compare lexical frequency distribution of corpora compiled by the Japanese Association of Asian Englishes (JAFAE) and Zayed University (ZU), United Arab Emirates (UAE), in response to the 50-word Extremely Short Story Competition implemented in formal and informal educational settings in both Japan and the UAE. In 2007, over five hundred ESSC scripts of exactly 50 words in length were assembled by JAFAE and over nine hundred ESSC scripts were assembled by ZU. Both raw, and mediated corpora (edited ready for publication in the UAE) are considered. It is hoped that this study will complement a parallel study examining individual’s topic choices using the same corpora undertaken by Matsubara (2013), and also previous studies of ESSC corpora carried out by Fujiwara (2008) and Okaura (2007, 2009).
ASSOCIATION WITH DIFFERENT GENE EXPRESSION , PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND MUSCLE GLYCOGEN

Meat is a concentrated nutrient source and varies widely by category (Cosgrove et al., 2005). Variation in meat quality is vast, and several factors affect meat quality, including genetic factors like proper selection of breeds or genetic line ( Dal Bosco et al., 2012; Zhao et al., 2012) and birds sex (López et al., 2011). In addition, slaughtering age, nutrition and production system also influence on meat quality (Sogunle et al., 2010). Native breeds have better meat quality, native breeds chicken meat have been liked and demanded in other countries, that conferred that native breed chickens offer good-quality meat. (Fanatico et al., 2005a; Fanatico et al., 2005b; Walley et al., 2015). Glycogen is a polymer of glucose that is multibranched and that polymers have ability to store glucose when its sufficient amount in body with a minor effect on osmotic pressure, and utilized when required (Roach et al., 2012). The quantity of glycogen in the muscle tissue depends on the animal species and muscle type (Monin et al., 2003; Przybylski et al., 1994). Classically, a decrease in pH is considered to happen because of postmortem glycolysis, with glycogen converting into lactic acid (Scheffler et al., 2011). Previous reports have shown that the level of muscle glycogen in chicken is one of the leading factors affecting not only alteration in the eventual pH of meat (pHu) at death but also its water-holding capacity, as well as other physical properties, including color and firmness (Berri et al., 2008). Muscle glycogen and free glucose also play a critical role as a raw material of glycolysis. Evidence has been found that in mammals and recently in chicken muscle glycogen is controlled genetically; consequently, meat quality is also genetically controlled (Berri, Besnard and Relandeau, 2008). In mammals, especially in pigs, mice, and humans, a major PRKAG3 gene is in charge of changes in muscle glycogen content (Ciobanu et al., 2001). For chicken, no evidence shows that a key gene is included in the working of muscle glycogen content. Until now, a small number of studies have surveyed musclePak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 55(4), 979-994; 2018 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/18.8117 http://www.pakjas. com.pk
Creating Moves to Opportunity: Experimental Evidence on Barriers to Neighborhood Choice

Low-income families in the United States tend to live in neighborhoods that offer limited opportunities for upward income mobility. One potential explanation for this pattern is that families prefer such neighborhoods for other reasons, such as affordability or proximity to family and jobs. An alternative explanation is that they do not move to high-opportunity areas because of barriers that prevent them from making such moves. We test between these two explanations using a randomized controlled trial with housing voucher recipients in Seattle and King County. We provided services to reduce barriers to moving to high-upward-mobility neighborhoods: customized search assistance, landlord engagement, and short-term financial assistance. Unlike many previous housing mobility programs, families using vouchers were not required to move to a high-opportunity neighborhood to receive a voucher. The intervention increased the fraction of families who moved to high-upward-mobility areas from 15% in the control group to 53% in the treatment group. Families induced to move to higher opportunity areas by the treatment do not make sacrifices on other aspects of neighborhood quality, tend to stay in their new neighborhoods when their leases come up for renewal, and report higher levels of neighborhood satisfaction after moving. These findings imply that most low-income families do not have a strong preference to stay in low-opportunity areas; instead, barriers in the housing search process are a central driver of residential segregation by income. Interviews with families reveal that the capacity to address each family's needs in a specific manner — from emotional support to brokering with landlords to customized financial assistance — was critical to the program's success. Using quasi-experimental analyses and comparisons to other studies, we show that more standardized policies — increasing voucher payment standards in high-opportunity areas or informational interventions — have much smaller impacts. We conclude that redesigning affordable housing policies to provide customized assistance in housing search could reduce residential segregation and increase upward mobility substantially.
Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak Development : the Endemic-Incipient Epidemic Transition

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 W. Burnside Rd., Victoria BC, V8Z 1M5, Canada Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Enhanced Forestry Lab 11-123, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Entomology, 345 Russell Laboratories, 1630 Linden Dr., Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, USA University of Northern British Columbia, Ecosystem Science and Management, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, Canada V2N 4Z9
Organizations ( RTOs ) in the primary sector : Providing innovation to Russia ' s mines and corn fields

Purpose – Given the immense gains in productivity in agriculture and mining over the last decades, the purpose of this paper is to study knowledge transfer from Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs) into primary sector producers. The authors inquire which of these RTOs are successfully competing for public funding, and how these funds are used. Also, the authors study what makes an RTO more (financially) successful in technology transfer than their peers and which RTOs transferred technology that was new to the Russian market. Design/methodology/approach – This research is based on 62 RTOs which reported technology transfer to enterprises with main economic activities classified by NACE rev 1 as “A – agriculture, hunting and forestry” and “B – fishing” and “C – mining and quarrying,” including oil and gas extraction. Findings – The authors found remarkable differences between the Russian RTOs and their OECD peers, but also differences between agriculture and mining. Interestingly, competitive funding plays a different role in both industries. In agriculture, a more conservative funding paradigm prevails, and competitive funding is less important and more reliance on classical annually revolving funds is given. Competitive funding here is more used to strengthen basic R&D and to generate patentable knowledge, while in mining, these funds support technology transfer. Originality/value – This is, to the knowledge, the first detailed study on Russian RTOs servicing her primary sector. The authors believe that studying these RTOs is of great value as RTOs are broadly under-researched and various scholars have called for more fine-grained analyses to better understand their role in the innovation system.
Change-point estimation from indirect observations. 2. Adaptation

We focus on the problem of adaptive estimation of signal singularities from indirect and noisy observations. A typical example of such a singularity is a discontinuity (change-point) of the signal or of its derivative. We develop a change-point estimator which adapts to the unknown smoothness of a nuisance deterministic component and to an unknown jump amplitude. We show that the proposed estimator attains optimal adaptive rates of convergence. A simulation study demonstrates reasonable practical behavior of the proposed adaptive estimates.
RELATIONS BETWEEN ABS-NORMAL NLPS AND MPECS UNDER STRONG CONSTRAINT QUALIFICATIONS

This work is part of an ongoing effort of comparing non-smooth optimization problems in abs-normal form to MPECs. We study the general absnormal NLP with equality and inequality constraints in relation to an equivalent MPEC reformulation. We show that kink qualifications and MPEC constraint qualifications of linear independence type and Mangasarian-Fromovitz type are equivalent. Then we consider strong stationarity concepts with first and second order optimality conditions, which again turn out to be equivalent for the two problem classes. Throughout we also consider specific slack reformulations suggested in [6], which preserve constraint qualifications of linear independence type but not of Mangasarian-Fromovitz type.
VALIDITY OF EQUATIONS FOR ESTIMATING V _ O 2 PEAK FROM THE 20M SHUTTLE RUN TEST IN ADOLESCENTS AGED 11 – 13 YEARS

Batista, MB, Cyrino, ES, Arruda, M, Dourado, AC, CoelhoE-Silva, MJ, Ohara, D, Romanzini, M, and Ronque, ERV. Validity of equations for estimating V_ O2peak from the 20-m shuttle run test in adolescents aged 11–13 years. J Strength Cond Res 27(10): 2774–2781, 2013—The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of 4 regression equations to estimate the peak oxygen consumption (V_ O2peak) from the 20-m shuttle run test in adolescents aged 11–13 years. One hundred and fifteen adolescents, 61 boys (mean 6 SD: age = 12.3 6 0.9 years) and 54 girls (age = 12.1 6 0.7 years) performed the 20-m shuttle run test and an incremental progressive maximal test for direct V_ O2peak analysis. Four linear regression equations were used to estimate the V_ O2peak: Barnett et al. (equation 1), Léger et al. (equation 2), Mahar et al. (equation 3), and Matsuzaka et al. (equation 4). For boys, only the V_ O2peak estimated by EQ3 did not differ from the value directly measured (p . 0.05). The EQ1, EQ2, and EQ4 underestimated the V_ O2peak, whereas the EQ3 overestimated, particularly in girls (p , 0.05). Large limits of agreement were found between the reference method and the 4 equations, with higher estimated values by EQ2 for boys (8.36 6 15.24 mL$kg21$min21) and girls (2.45 6 12.63 mL$kg21$min21). The highest correlation values were observed by EQ4 for boys (r = 0.80), EQ1 for girls (r = 0.72), and EQ3 for total sample (r = 0.80). The equations analyzed were not precise for individual V_ O2peak prediction; however, the EQ3 revealed better agreement, particularly for boys. Considering the data obtained in the boys and total sample, our results suggest that the EQ3 may provide the best predictive measure of V_ O2peak from the 20-m shuttle run test in adolescents aged 11–13 years.
Optimization of various physiochemical parameters to enhance production of secondary metabolite from soil actinomycetes against dermatophytes

The main objective of the study is to isolates actinomycetes from the Gwalior region and improves the production of secondary metabolite and cell growth of actinomycetes. Total 70 actinomycetes were isolated and screened for maximum secondary metabolites production against the dermatophytes on the bases of agar diffusion method & disc diffusion method. Out of 70 isolate, AP-27 has a good potential to produced secondary metabolite that inhibit the growth of dermatophytes (Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum fulvum, Tricophyton rubrum, and Tricophyton mentagrophytes). The optimization of several growth parameters likegrowth medium, Incubation time, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, temperature, pH and minerals for the maximum production of secondary metabolites were checked. The optimum growth of AP-27 occurred with starch casein broth containing 2% starch as carbon source and nitrogen source was potassium nitrate nitrate at 2% at pH 7 and temperature 300C. Soybean meal was also found to be the best nitrogen source after the potassium nitrate which can help in large scale production because In India 74% of soyabean is produced by Madhya Pradesh. FeSO4 (0.01gm/100ml) was selected as optimum mineral source. It was noticed that 6 days old culture was showing the maximum zone of inhibition and cell growth.
New Insights into ECCU's Tourism Sector Competitiveness

Tourism has become the main driver of economic growth and employment and the most important source of income in the ECCU. Preserving and, possibly, enhancing the competitiveness of the tourism product is key for these countries. Unfortunately, the evidence shows that tourism arrivals to the ECCU have been declining slightly while global demand for tourism is on the rise. The objective of this paper is to study the structural determinants of competitiveness for the ECCU, defined as the relative cost advantage over other touristic regions (Di Bella, Lewis, and Martin 2007). Using a gravity model, we show that proximity to North American and European markets is indeed an important competitive advantage for the ECCU. However, despite this advantage, and, in some cases, specialization in high-end tourism, regression analysis shows that arrivals to the ECCU are sensitive to relative prices. Our simulations show that mitigating supply-side constraints would improve the ECCU’s competitiveness and allow the region to regain global market shares.
2 / E 6 ratio and L 1 immunoreactivity as biomarkers to determine HPV 16-positive high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions ( CIN 2 and 3 ) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 is the most carcinogenic HPV genotype. We investigated if HPV16 L1 capsid protein and E2/E6 ratio, evaluated by cervical cytology, may be used as biomarkers of ≥cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 lesions. Methods: Cervical specimens were obtained from 226 patients with HPV16 single infection. Using cytology specimen, L1 capsid protein and E2/E6 ratio were detected and the results were compared with those of the conventional histologic analysis of cervical tissues (CIN1–3 and squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]) to evaluate the association. Results: The L1 positivity of CIN2/3 was significantly lower than that of normal cervical tissue (p<0.001) and SCC demonstrated significantly lower L1 positivity than CIN1 (p<0.001). The mean E2/E6 ratios of specimens graded as SCC (0.356) and CIN2/3 (0.483) were significantly lower than those of specimens graded as CIN1 (0.786) and normal (0.793) (p<0.05). We observed that area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for E2/E6 ratio (0.844; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.793–0.895) was higher than that for L1 immunochemistry (0.636; 95% CI=0.562–0.711). A combination of E2/E6 ratio and L1 immunocytochemistry analyses showed the highest AUC (0.871; 95% CI=0.826–0.917) for the prediction of ≥CIN2 lesions. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to validate HPV L1 capsid protein expression and decreased HPV E2/E6 ratio as valuable predictive markers of ≥CIN2 cervical lesions. Cervical cytology may be analyzed longitudinally on an outpatient basis with noninvasive procedures as against invasive conventional histologic analysis.
The Performance of Private Equity Backed IPOs 1

The paper analyzes the characteristics and aftermarket performance of private equity-backed IPOs and compares them with equivalent samples of venture capital-backed and other non-backed issues during the period 1992-2005. The results suggest marked differences across the three groups in terms of market size, industry classification and key operating characteristics at the time of flotation. Private equity-backed IPOs outperform their counterparts throughout the 3-years period; the evidence of outperformance is robust across different benchmarks and estimation procedures. Their aftermarket performance is positively related to their level of leverage immediately after flotation; the equivalent returns of venture capital-backed and non-backed issues are related to measures of operating efficiency, size and the timing of their offerings.
Overcoming automatic response tendencies: behavioral findings and computational model-based analysis

Basic dimensions of behavior, namely approaching positive and avoiding aversive stimuli correspond to evolutionary biases that confer survival advantages. However, frequently, these automatic reactions jeopardize our social integrity. Therefore, we must be able to engage in incongruent responses (approaching negative and avoiding positive stimuli) which are effortful and depend on considerable cognitive resources. This thesis aimed to verify whether the repetitive performance of such incongruent reactions would automatize them, i.e., would lead to habit-like behavior. Ideally, such high frequency pairing would buildup a stable stimuli-incongruent reaction association. To test this hypothesis, healthy participants were asked to perform a computerized Approach-Avoidance task, during a 5 consecutive-day training period, and novel computational models were developed to fit participants’ reaction times. The model that best fitted the data was selected through Bayesian approaches and it was proven to be significantly better than a model assuming that the average value of the reaction times did not change during training. The selected model presented six free parameters which captured processes involved in habit learning and cognitive control, as well as Pavlovian biases. Further analyses showed participants to perceive negative pictures significantly less aversively after the training period, which might be a consequence of habit formation, as transduced by the significant decrease of reaction times for the approach negative condition. In the future, similar training protocols might be an add-on therapy in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder, since current exposure and response prevention therapies are uncomfortable, time-consuming and associated with a high relapse-rate.
Seemingly-Beneficial Interventions : A General Model

Organizations routinely introduce hitherto-unexplored interventions aimed at improving their supply chains. Consider a principal (e.g., a firm or a social planner) that implements a “seemingly-helpful” intervention, broadly interpreted as follows: For any fixed actions of the principal and the agents (e.g., consumers), the payoff of the principal is higher in the presence of the intervention relative to that in its absence. While one would expect such well-intentioned interventions to benefit the principal, several papers within the operations management (OM) literature show that the principal’s equilibrium payoff can be hurt, even when the implementation costs of the intervention are ignored. While such a conclusion is often based on the analysis of a single-shot, simultaneous-move game, a repeated-interaction setting can also serve as an appropriate environment in many cases. A fundamental question then arises: Does this conclusion hold even under repeated interactions over the long run?
The Effect of Health Insurance Subsidies on Mortality for Low Income Individuals May 29 , 2019

In regulated competitive health insurance markets, means-tested subsidies make health insurance affordable for low-income individuals. We examine the effect of changes in health insurance subsidies on mortality using administrative data on over 150,000 Swiss residents between 2002 and 2011. Subsidies are not significantly related to mortality in OLS regressions, but when we instrument for the subsidy using changes in the subsidy rule, we find that a permanent 100 Swiss franc per month decrease in the subsidy increases annual mortality by 0.16 percentage points per eleven months and this effect persists for up to 2 years. The rise in mortality in response to a reduction in subsidy appears to be due to: i) a reduction in disposable income; and ii) enrollment in higher deductible insurance policies by poorer individuals. Both mechanisms may reduce financial security and consumption of health care. Trends in aggregate mortality suggest subsidy reductions are associated with increases in mortality for causes more sensitive to the financial stress from sudden loss of income.
Magnetic Storm Dependence on Solar and Interplanetary Events

We review recent data on geoeffectiveness (possibility to generate magnetic storms on the Earth) of solar and interplanetary disturbances. We selected papers using (1) the analysis on direct and back tracing of events, and (2) solar (coronal flares and CMEs), interplanetary (CIR, magnetic clouds and ejecta) and geomagnetic disturbances (storms on Dst and Kp indices). The classifications of magnetic storms by the Kp and Dst indices, the solar flare classifiations by optical and X-ray observations, and the classifitions of different geoeffective interplanetary events are compared and discussed. Taking into account this selection, all published results on the geoeffectiveness agree to each other in each subset: "CME to Storms" 40-50%, "CME to MC;Ejecta" 60-80%, "MC;Ejecta to Storm" 50-80%, "Storm to MC;Ejecta" 30-70%, "MC;Ejecta to CME" 50-80%, "Storm to CME" 80-100%, "Flare to Storms" 30-40%, "Storms to Flare" 50-80% and "CIR to Storms" 33 %. Higher values of correlations were obtained by back racing, that is, by method, in which they were defined as the probability of finding candidates for a source of geomagnetic storms among CMEs and flares, and, strictly speaking, these values are not true estimates of the geoeffectiveness. The latter results are also in contrast with the results of the two-stage tracing of the events: first a storm to an interplanetary disturbance, and then an interplanetary disturbance to a CME/flare. We present also a brief review on comparison of conditions in the interplanetary space during geomagnetic storms which are usually generated by 2 large-scale interplanetary phenomena interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) and corotating interaction region (CIR). ICMEs (or magnetic clouds) are sources of stronger magnetic storms. We take into account that 2 parts of ICME may be geoeffective compressed region between shock and leading edge of ICME (Sheath) and the body of ICME (MC). We use superposed epoch method with storm onset time as zero time for analysis of 628 magnetic storms during 1976-2000. Higher southward IMF component is observed in MC but stronger storms are usually generated by the sheathes (not body of MC). In MC the magnitudes and variations of proton temperature, total ion density, minor ion abundance, betaparameter and others differ from ones in CIR and Sheath. These facts may be used for modeling interplanetary disturbance dynamics as well as for forecasting the Space Weather conditions near the Earth. Magnetic Storm Dependence on Solar and Interplanetary Events Yu.I. Yermolaev a,∗, M.Yu. Yermolaev a aSpace Plasma Physics Department, Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia