Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender, Generational and Social Support Correlates of Mental Health in Asian Immigrants

A sample of 100 Asian immigrants, mainly from India and Pakistan, were interviewed in their native language (Urdu, Punjabi, Hindi or English) concerning their psychological adjustment to life in Britain. It was predicted that female Indo- Pakistan immigrants would have higher levels of psychological symptomatology than male immigrants; and that second generation immigrants would have higher levels of psychological symptomatology than the first generation immigrants. The results showed that indeed the female immigrants did have significantly higher levels of psychological symptoms than males but that second generation immi grants did not have higher levels of psychological symptoms than the first generation immigrants. Social support networks of the subjects were not correlated with mental health. However for the two generations, there was evidence linking social support to mental health. The extent of acculturisation, as measured by identificational assimilation, was not correlated with mental health. Results are discussed in terms of the burgeoning literature in this field.
Fundamental Analysis: Combining the Search for Quality with the Search for Value

Using cross-sectional forecasts, we combine fundamental analysis strategies based on quality, such as the FSCORE from Piotroski (2000) and the GSCORE from Mohanram (2005), with strategies based on value, such as the V/P ratio from Frankel and Lee (1998) and the PEG ratio. While all four strategies generate significant hedge returns, combining quality-driven and value-driven approaches substantially improves the efficacy of fundamental analysis. Our parsimonious two-dimensional approach can be applied to a wide cross-section of stocks and outperforms common practitioner approaches that require a lengthy time-series of data. The improvements in hedge returns hold for a variety of partitions and are robust to controls for risk factors and other determinants of stock returns. While the efficacy of fundamental analysis has declined in recent years, this can partially be attributed to investors arbitraging away excess returns by investing in fundamental strategies.
An investigation into partial discharge activity within three-phase belted cables

Industrially driven interest in the field of partial discharge (PD) diagnostics has rapidly increased in recent years. Utilities are turning to continuous asset monitoring methods to inform them on the real-time health of plant. The majority of London's medium voltage (MV) distribution network is constructed from paper insulated lead covered (PILC) belted cables. The vast majority of this cable was commissioned in the 60's and 70's and is now nearing the end of its design life. PD diagnostics have been proposed as a possible tool for the condition monitoring of these distribution cables. Little is known about the characteristics of the PD activity that is produced as cables of this design degrade under rated conditions. This thesis describes the development of a PD measurement experiment that records PD data from either defective or damaged three-phase MV PILC cables under rated voltage conditions. The experiment has been designed to replicate the environment experienced by cable circuits in the field. The aim was to investigate the potential transfer of knowledge generated by the experiment onto an on-line commercial operational system. An investigation into the PD produced by the various degradation mechanisms have been undertaken to evaluate the relationship between the PD source conditions and recorded signals. It has been found that the phase-resolved PD patterns produced by different degradation mechanisms are unique. Consequently, a PD source discrimination technique has been successfully applied to both experiment and field data. The algorithm relies on the finding that the wavelet energy (WE) distribution of a PD pulse is source dependent. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to accurately classify PD pulses from different sources that had been tested experimentally. The ability to accurately discriminate between different PD sources in both experiment and field data should lead to a significant step forward in the field of PD diagnostics.
Herpes zoster virus infection

Purpose of review The virology, pathophysiology, and treatment of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) have been investigated for many years now. Infection with VZV has different ramifications for people of different ages and immune status. The various aspects of VZV disease make it difficult to treat. Selected aspects of VZV disease that pertain to ocular disease are presented. Recent findings The risk factors for VZV disease in the different age spectrums and with concomitant immunodeficiencies have been further clarified. Studies suggest that the VZV may persist for prolonged periods on the cornea after herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) or VZV may cause many cases of idiopathic uveitis with sectoral iris atrophy. The different patterns of retinal disease caused by VZV may relate to the immune status. Systemic antiviral medications for herpes zoster should be instituted within 72 hours of the rash but could be used later. Systemic antivirals combined with systemic corticosteroids improve the early quality of life in HZ patients. Postherpetic neuralgia is not prevented by early systemic antivirals or corticosteroids. Present systemic antivirals are all effective, but Famvir offers the best dosing schedule. The VZV vaccine is effective but there are some issues that suggest the need for a different vaccination regimen. Summary Further research must be performed on the clinical and therapeutic aspects of the VZV disease. Although both the vaccine and systemic antivirals have brought tremendous improvements, the disease persists. Therapy lessens but does not eliminate many of the complications. The disease may manifest in unpredictable patterns in this era of vaccination.
Cognitive and behavioral aspects of PSP since Steele, Richardson and Olszewski’s description of PSP 40 years ago and Albert’s delineation of the subcortical dementia 30 years ago

Although researchers are now familiar with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and its characteristic “subcortical” dementia, this was not the case prior to seminal descriptions by Steele, Richardson, Olszewski and Albert. In fact, the first three authors identified this disorder, and the last one introduced the classification of the dementias according to the anatomical involvement. This paper is in honor of their contributions, and will also outline the changes that have occurred since their seminal works.
Role of spinal 5‐HT2 receptor subtypes in quipazine‐induced hindlimb movements after a low‐thoracic spinal cord transection

A role of serotonin receptors (5‐HTRs) in spinal rhythmogenesis has been proposed several years ago based mainly upon data showing that bath‐applied 5‐HT could elicit locomotor‐like rhythms in in vitro isolated spinal cord preparations. Such a role was partially confirmed in vivo after revealing that systemically administered 5‐HTR2 agonists, such as quipazine, could induce some locomotor‐like movements (LM) in completely spinal cord‐transected (Tx) rodents. However, given the limited binding selectivity of currently available 5‐HTR2 agonists, it has remained difficult to determine clearly if one receptor subtype is specifically associated with LM induction. In situ hybridization, data using tissues from L1–L2 spinal cord segments, where critical locomotor network elements have been identified in mice, revealed greater 5‐HTR2A mRNA levels in low‐thoracic Tx than non‐Tx animals. This expression level remained elevated for several days, specifically in the lateral intermediate zone, where peak values were detected at 1 week post‐Tx and returned to normal at 3 weeks post‐Tx. Behavioral and kinematic analyses revealed quipazine‐induced LM in 1‐week Tx mice either non‐pretreated or pretreated with selective 5‐HTR2B and/or 5‐HTR2C antagonists. In contrast, LM completely failed to be induced by quipazine in animals pretreated with selective 5‐HTR2A antagonists. Altogether, these results provide strong evidence suggesting that 5‐HTR2A are specifically associated with spinal locomotor network activation and LM generation induced by quipazine in Tx animals. These findings may contribute to design drug treatments aimed at promoting locomotor function recovery in chronic spinal cord‐injured patients.
Otosclerosis: Selection of Ear for Cochlear Implantation

Objectives: 1. To examine whether speech perception after implantation is correlated with the total duration of deafness, the duration of deafness in the implanted ear, or age at implantation. 2. To examine whether the rate of facial nerve stimulation postoperatively is correlated with the type of electrode used. Study design: Retrospective case note review. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: Fifty-nine adults with profound postlingual sensorineural hearing loss due to otosclerosis. Intervention: Cochlear implantation with the Nucleus device using either a straight (n = 35) or Contour (n = 29) electrode array. Main Outcome Measures: Speech perception scores for patients at 3, 6 and 12 months postimplantation were correlated against duration of deafness in the implanted ear, duration of total deafness, and age at implantation. Data on facial nerve stimulation rates postoperatively were collected. Results: Implantation in the shortest deafened ear conferred an initial advantage for speech perception 3 months after surgery; however, this effect was lost by 6 months. There were no significant correlations between the duration of bilateral deafness and hearing outcomes. Age at implantation was negatively correlated with outcome at 3 months, but not at 6 and 12 months. Fourteen of 35 patients with straight electrodes and 0 of 24 patients with Contour electrodes experienced facial nerve stimulation during mapping sessions (p < 0.005, &khgr;2). Conclusion: Patients with otosclerosis are not disadvantaged in the long term by implantation in the longest deafened ear. Increasing age at implantation did not predict poorer outcomes. A perimodiolar design of electrode should be used in otosclerotic patients when possible to reduce the risk of facial nerve stimulation.
The efficacy of a foaming iodine-based pre-milking teat disinfectant

Pre-milking teat disinfection is practised in several countries to prevent environment-related mastitis. This study was designed to prove the antimicrobial efficacy of a foaming, iodine-based teat disinfectant with five different concentrations (250; 500; 1,000; 2,000 and 3,000 ppm) against a negative control. For this purpose the split-udder design was used and within an udder two teats were dipped with the test product before milking, while the other two teats were left untreated. After the customary udder preparation (pre-milking, cleaning of the teats with dry paper towel) the teat skin’s microbial load was investigated using the wet and dry swab technique. The total bacterial count, the counts of streptococci and streptococci like organisms (SSLO) and coliform bacteria were analysed. The associations between the treatment of the teats and the microbial load were analysed with a linear mixed regression model for repeated measurements. Microbial load with considered microorganisms was significantly lower on the skin of teats disinfected before milking compared to teats that were only cleaned. There are no differences in efficacy between the tested concentrations, e.g. the 250 ppm teat disinfectant was as effective as the 3000 ppm teat disinfectant.
SRL‐based immunosuppression vs. CNI minimization in pediatric renal transplant recipients with chronic CNI nephrotoxicity

Abstract: Because calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)‐induced nephrotoxicity contributes significantly to late renal allograft loss, sirolimus (SRL)‐based, CNI‐free maintenance immunosuppression has been advocated, but data in the pediatric population are scarce. We therefore analyzed the efficacy and safety of an SRL‐based immunosuppressive regimen plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroids vs. CNI minimization (mean dose reduction by 39%) plus MMF and corticosteroids in 19 pediatric recipients with biopsy‐proven CNI‐induced nephrotoxicity in a single‐center case–control study. In the SRL group, we observed, one yr after study entry, an improvement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by 10.3 ± 3.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.05 vs. baseline) in seven of 10 patients and a stabilization in the remaining three, while in the CNI minimization group GFR improved by 17.7 ± 7.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.05) in six of nine recipients and stabilized in the remaining three. No patient in either group experienced an acute rejection episode. The main adverse event under SRL therapy was a transient hyperlipidemia in 70% of patients. In pediatric renal transplant recipients with declining graft function because of CNI‐induced nephrotoxicity, CNI withdrawal and switch to SRL‐based therapy or CNI minimization are associated with a comparable improvement of GFR after 12 months of observation.
Uptake of technetium-99m-tetrofosmin, technetium-99m-MIBI and thallium-201 in tumor cell lines.

UNLABELLED We investigated the kinetics, cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of 99mTc-tetrofosmin in tumor cell lines and compared them with those of 99mTc-MIBI and 201TI. METHODS At specific intervals after incubation with radiotracers, cellular uptake was determined. Cells were also treated with nigericin, carbonyl cyanide m-chloro-phenylhydrazone (CCCP) and ouabain to determine their effects on the uptake of the tracers. RESULTS Each tracer showed similar uptake kinetics in both cell lines, and a steady-state was maintained for at least 4 hr. Nigericin stimulated the uptake of both 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 99mTc-MIBI in HBL-2 cells, although it inhibited their uptake in SW-13 cells. Nigericin also inhibited 90% of 201TI uptake in both cell lines. Addition of CCCP caused 73%-97% release of accumulated 99mTc-MIBI from both cell lines with or without nigericin pretreatment, indicating that most of the accumulated 99mTc-MIBI was related to mitochondria. The effect of CCCP on accumulated 99mTc-tetrofosmin was less marked than that on 99mTc-MIBI in both cell lines, indicating that only a part of accumulated 99mTc-tetrofosmin, was related to mitochondria. Ouabain preincubation inhibited 74%-77% and 51%-53% of 201TI uptake in HBL-2 and SW-13 cells, respectively, as well as inhibited 22%-31% uptake of 99mTc-tetrofosmin in both HBL-2 and SW-13 cells. Uptake by the dead cells of either cell line was negligible for each tracer. CONCLUSION Technetium-99m-tetrofosmin uptake depends on both cell membrane and mitochondrial potentials. Only a small fraction of 99mTc-tetrofosmin accumulates inside the mitochondria, while most 99mTc-MIBI accumulates inside the mitochondria. Thallium-201 uptake is partly independent of the Na+, K+ pump.
Effect of INM on Vegetative Growth, Flowering and Fruiting of Andrographis Paniculata

An experiment was conducted to find out the effect of INM on vegetative growth, flowering and fruiting of Andrographis paniculata. The experiment was followed in a randomized block design with 8 treatments. The different treatments were T1- no treatment, T2- vermicompost, T3-biofertilizers, T4-chemical fertilizers, T5- biofertilizers + vermicompost, T6- biofertilizers + chemical fertilizers, T7- chemical fertilizers + vermicompost, T8- biofertilizers + chemical fertilizers + vermicompost. The results indicated that maximum growth i.e. plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf length and breadth, leaf area, land area occupied by per plant and leaf area index, number of flowers and fruits of A. paniculata was found in T8 plot treatment compare to other plots. From the analysis of result it has concluded that integrated use of biofertilizers, chemical fertilizers and vermicompost treatments significantly increased growth parameters of A. paniculata.
A NETWORK ANALYSIS OF OPEN INNOVATION IN DRUG DISCOVERY

The purpose of this research is to classify the inter-organizational relationships in open innovation between pharmaceutical companies and to clarify quantitatively the relationship between each type and research efficiency. In terms of research methodology, a patent database of drug development was analysed using the technique of social network analysis. The study concludes that a significant difference in the research efficiency of the various types of inter-organizational relationships can be verified.
Serum Protein-Bound Carbohydrates and Lipids in Cholera

Summary Serum glycoproteins, mucoproteins, phospholipid, total lipid, total cholesterol and lipoproteins were determined in patients suffering from cholera and in normal subjects. In cholera serum glycoproteins, mucoproteins, phospholipids, total lipids and β-lipoproteins were significantly increased and α-lipoproteins and total cholesterol were diminished.
Modeled radar surface signature of deep ocean convection

Deep ocean convection, the process by which the deep waters of the world's oceans are created and renewed, plays a key role in the global thermohaline circulation and hence the world's heat balance. The process of deep ocean convection involves a vigorous overturning of the ocean water column down to depths of 2000-3000 m in an area probably not larger than 50 km in diameter. This paper details the results of a theoretical study to identify remotely sensible surface signatures for deep ocean convection. Due to the all-weather capability, efforts have focused on the microwave part of the spectrum, particularly the high resolution imaging capability of synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The goal of this research is to use the SAR surface signature or "fingerprint" to identify and characterize areas- of convection in the open ocean. This information is then used to improve model parameterizations for deep convection used in general circulation models. Electromagnetic simulations of remote sensing signatures of deep ocean convection have been performed based on existing hydrodynamic models. Simulated surface signatures of deep convection are presented for various hydrodynamic and imaging conditions along with a discussion of applicability of these simulations to real SAR data. Key findings are the existence of a definite identifiable radar surface signature in convective regions and a set of conditions under which one would expect to observe these signatures.
The Impact of Non-Cognitive Skills Training on Academic and Non-academic Trajectories: From Childhood to Early Adulthood

Non-cognitive skills are closely associated with adult socio-economic success. However, it is unclear whether interventions targeting those skills, rather than cognitive skills, can improve adult outcomes. It is also unclear whether interventions after early childhood can have lasting effects. We show that an intervention focused solely on non-cognitive skills at age 7 can change the lifetime trajectories for children with deficits of non-cognitive skills, increasing self-control and trust in adolescence, improving education achievement, and outcomes in early adulthood such as criminality, education, employment and social capital. We show that improvements in trust and self-control explain much of the impact on education and young adult outcomes, and argue that social skills are an important but neglected aspect of non-cognitive skill development. Using conservative assumptions in a simple framework, we estimate that, as a lower bound, $1 invested in this program yields about $14 in benefits over the lifetime of the participants.
Reduced mortality among children in southern India receiving a small weekly dose of vitamin A.

BACKGROUND Clinical vitamin A deficiency affects millions of children worldwide, and subclinical deficiency is even more common. Supplemental vitamin A has been reported to reduce mortality among these children, but the results have been questioned. METHODS We conducted a randomized, controlled, masked clinical trial for one year in southern India involving 15,419 preschool-age children who received either 8.7 mumol (8333 IU) of vitamin A and 46 mumol (20 mg) of vitamin E (the treated group) or vitamin E alone (the control group). Vitamin supplements were delivered weekly by community health volunteers who also recorded mortality and morbidity. Weekly contact was made with at least 88 percent of the children in both study groups. The base-line characteristics of the children were similar and documented a high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and undernutrition. RESULTS One hundred twenty-five deaths occurred, of which 117 were not accidental. The risk of death in the group treated with vitamin A was less than half that in the control group (relative risk, 0.46; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.71). The risk was most reduced among children under 3 years of age (6 to 11 months--relative risk, 0.28; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.09 to 0.85; 12 to 35 months--relative risk, 0.46; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.26 to 0.81) and among those who were chronically undernourished, as manifested by stunting (relative risk, 0.11; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.36). The symptom-specific risk of mortality was significantly associated with diarrhea, convulsions, and other infection-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The regular provision of a supplement of vitamin A to children, at a level potentially obtainable from foods, in an area where vitamin A deficiency and under-nutrition are documented public health problems contributed substantially to children's survival; mortality was reduced on average by 54 percent.
Rebiopsy in Patients With Untreated Hepatitis C: A Useful Procedure

Background The progression of fibrosis in the early stages of chronic hepatitis C virus is variable, and the ideal interval to perform a new biopsy in untreated patients is still unknown. Aims We evaluated the histologic progression of patients with untreated hepatitis C virus with two liver biopsies and correlated disease progression with demographic, epidemiologic, biochemical, and histologic variables. Patients and Methods Untreated hepatitis C virus-infected patients with two liver biopsies at a minimum interval of 1 year were studied. Gender, age, parenteral risk factors, duration of infection, alcohol intake, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and histologic findings were analyzed. Results Fifty-five patients were included. The first biopsy showed low grades of fibrosis and periportal necroinflammatory activity in 93%. A second biopsy was performed after 39±14 months; 40% of patients showed a progression of fibrosis and/or periportal necroinflammation. Comparison between groups with and without histologic worsening revealed no differences in demographic, epidemiologic, biochemical, or histologic data. Conclusions Histologic worsening occurred in 40% of untreated patients after 3.2 years. No factor could be established at the first biopsy to predict which patients are at risk of progression. Thus, histologic reassessment between 3 and 5 years seems to be the only approach to document disease progression and establish treatment indication.