Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Interpretation of Pronouns across Spanish-Speaking Populations

In this paper, we will present data from both Spanish acquisition and aphasia on the Pronoun Interpretation Problem (PIP), according to which children allow pronouns to be identified with local c-commanding antecedents. Although it has recently been claimed that the PIP is, to a great extent, an experimental artifact, there are good reasons to believe that there is something “real” in the effect. As with many phenomena from acquisition, researchers have tried to explain this development in terms of “learning”, or more concretely, in terms of “parameter setting”. Children either must set the right local domain for the application of Principle B or they must set a +/− Principle B parameter. However, considering the PIP as an acquisition problem is problematic since it is difficult to see how children can converge on the target grammar without negative evidence. In this paper, we will defend an alternative approach, according to which the PIP is portrayed as the result of interplay between properties of predicates and different kinds of pronouns on the one hand, and language processing factors on the other.
The Impact of Leaders' Ethical Behavior on Certain Individual and Organizational Effects: The Serbian Case *

This paper presents the results of research into the influence of ethical leadership behavior on certain individual and organizational effects in Serbian companies. Specifically, the study involves the examination of the impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction, organizational commitment and financial performance. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment are viewed as individual effects and financial performance as organizational effects. In addition, we examined the moderating effect of professional respect and confidence in the actions of management on the observed relations. The data were obtained by using questionnaires completed by 380 middle managers from 102 companies in Serbia. The main conclusions of the study are: 1. Ethical leadership behavior has a stronger positive impact on individual effects rather than on organizational effects. 2. Both moderators show a similar operating direction of moderation: in unfavorable conditions, ethical leadership behavior has a much higher impact on the observed effects. Practically, in adverse circumstances, employees may have less tolerance for the unethical behavior of their leader.
Incidence of type of game mode in player participation in minibasket

Young basketball players have unique development features that make it necessary to adapt the competition techniques to them. Minibasket competition must provide a high level of participation, many 1-on-1 situations and opportunities to shoot and score. The aim of this research was to compare, in Benjamin minibasket players (aged between 8 and 10 years old) in Extremadura, the competition game mode 4-on-4 with the 3-on- 3 game mode and to compare how player s participation is in each game mode. The design of this research is classified as an empirical study with quantitative methodology, with an independent variable and random groups. Results showed that in 3-on-3 game mode, a significantly higher number of possessions and 1-on-1 situations were produced as well as more efficient at the end of possessions than in the 4-on-4 game mode (p < .05). Furthermore, weighted average (weighted by the number of players who play for each team) of players s contacts with the ball and players involved in each possession suggested a greater participation in the 3-on-3 game mode. According to these results, it was concluded that the 3-on-3 game mode is more formative and adapted to the features of minibasket players in Benjamin category.
Symbiosis of epi- and endocuticular bacteria with Helicoradomenia spp. (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Solenogastres) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents

Two species of Solenogastres (Mollusca, Aplacophora) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the East Pacific Rise, Helicoradomenia cf. acredema and a second as yet undescribed species of the same genus, were discovered to harbor epibiotic and endocuticular prokaryotes along their entire bodies. Helicoradomenia sp. 1 additionally harbored intracellular rods in the epidermis. TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) observations revealed 4 different bacterial morphotypes: rod-shaped, helical, unsheathed and sheathed trichomes. One con- spicuous rod was found to contain membranes typical for type II methanotrophs. Applying in situ hybridization with group-specific Bacteria and Archaea probes, the majority of the prokaryotes asso- ciated with Helicoradomenia sp. 1 were identified as α-Proteobacteria, while others belonged to the γ-Proteobacteria or could not be associated with a definite bacterial clade. While solenogastres usu- ally lack microbial epigrowth, the 2 Helicoradomenia species consistently are associated with similar epi- and endocuticular bacteria, indicating these are symbiotic associations.
Statistics of Coronal Dimmings Associated with Coronal Mass Ejections. I. Characteristic Dimming Properties and Flare Association

Coronal dimmings, localized regions of reduced emission in the extreme-ultraviolet and soft X-rays (SXRs), are interpreted as density depletions due to mass loss during the coronal mass ejection (CME) expansion. They contain crucial information on the early evolution of CMEs low in the corona. For 62 dimming events, characteristic parameters are derived, statistically analyzed, and compared with basic flare quantities. On average, coronal dimmings have a size of 2.15 × 1010 km2, contain a total unsigned magnetic flux of 1.75 × 1021 Mx, and show a total brightness decrease of −1.91 × 106 DN, which results in a relative decrease of ∼60% compared to the pre-eruption intensity level. Their main evacuation phase lasts for ∼50 minutes. The dimming area, the total dimming brightness, and the total unsigned magnetic flux show the highest correlation with the flare SXR fluence (c ≳ 0.7). Their corresponding time derivatives, describing the dimming dynamics, strongly correlate with the GOES flare class (c ≳ 0.6). For 60% of the events we identified core dimmings, i.e., signatures of an erupting flux rope. They contain 20% of the magnetic flux covering only 5% of the total dimming area. Secondary dimmings map overlying fields that are stretched during the eruption and closed down by magnetic reconnection, thus adding flux to the erupting flux rope via magnetic reconnection. This interpretation is supported by the strong correlation between the magnetic fluxes of secondary dimmings and flare reconnection fluxes (c = 0.63 ± 0.08), the balance between positive and negative magnetic fluxes (c = 0.83 ± 0.04) within the total dimmings, and the fact that for strong flares (>M1.0) the reconnection and secondary dimming fluxes are roughly equal.
The Anti‐Inflammatory Potential of Quercetin and L‐2‐Oxo‐thiazolidine‐4‐carboxylate (OTC) in Developing Scar Tissue

The hypothesis is that quercetin and OTC have an inhibitory effect on the formation of peridural scar tissue following a spinal laminectomy, through an anti‐inflammatory mechanism. A spinal laminectomy was performed on male Wistar rats and the resultant scar tissues were studied at 3, 21, and 63 days post‐surgery. The groups of animals were treated with quercetin, OTC, or saline. Histological and immunocytochemical studies were performed to analyze the effects of quercetin and OTC in relation to the cellular inflammatory response. Synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy was performed to determine the distribution of collagens and sugars in the scar tissue. Immunohistochemistry, northern dot blot and western blot were performed to determine the extent of collagen expression as well as to determine the levels of anti‐inflammatory cytokines such as TGF beta and to determine the levels of activated macrophages. Histology indicates that the OTC and quercetin treated samples are more organized morphologically and have lower cellularity in the healing wound that those treated with saline, suggestive of a greater cellular response and more fibroblast proliferation within the connective tissue. Northern dot blot analysis revealed that Collagen types I and III were expressed in scar tissues in each of the treatments. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine various cytokines involved in anti‐inflammatory mechanism. Both quercetin and OTC have been shown to reduce the severity of scar tissue formation post‐injury, with OTC indicating a more positive response.
A VIRTUAL ESCAPE : A SYNTHETIC OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE CONCERNING THE PHENOMENON OF CYBERLOAFING

Living in the contemporary world has to deal with the necessity to adjust to technological requirements as well as constant development of one’s capabilities in operating digital devices. Such a situation puts pressure on various parts of life; new phenomena have emerged to neutralize it, the aspects of which can be observed in a human being’s psycho-sociological disposition within the internet domain. One of such phenomena is cyberloafing, which can be defined as devoting time reserved for work or study to unrelated activities within the cyberspace. Behaviors such as cyberloafing are complex activities, which can be differently categorized, their occurrence predicted based on many determining factors. The phenomenon is even more worthy of attention as technological development is rendering internet access ubiquitous, also encompassing the work and study environments. Cyberspace, besides simplifying the process of studying or carrying out one’s duties at work, offers a wide range of activities which average users will devote their time to, thus making it irreversibly go to waste. The aim of this paper is to present a complex and synthetic overview of the latest psychological research concerning cyberloafing, not only explaining its origins, but also its consequences in the realm of productivity and daily living. Cyberloafing is increasingly considered as one of the major workplace dysfunctions, therefore a thorough study of this phenomenon appears to be the best starting point towards a remedy for its persistence.
INTERACTION BETWEEN TRADITIONAL MEDIA AND SOCIAL MEDIA COVERAGE ON SOCIAL ISSUES IN CHINA A CONTENT ANALYSIS

To what extent does online public opinion and traditional media coverage interact with each other on social issues in China? This research employs a content analysis of 524 Weibo posts and 327 news articles regarding a social incident in China. The researcher uses Chi-square tests to compare the use of alternative media and the frame selection of social media and traditional media in different phases. Social media and traditional media react differently when covering social issues. Social media have a better interaction with traditional media while traditional media make less reference to social media. Additionally, social media and traditional media play different social roles when covering public affairs by selecting different frames. Even if the traditional media are partially free and under the government control, social media can hardly substitute the role of social responsibility of traditional media in defining the problem and issue treatment. Noticeably, the choices of frame in both social media and traditional media are not influenced by their interactions, but instead by different time frames. Discussion focuses on the changes in the roles played by media, government, and Chinese citizens.
Initial Maintenance of Tropical Cyclone Size in the Western North Pacific

A tropical cyclone (TC) size parameter, which is defined here as the radius of 15 m s near-surface wind speed (R15), is calculated for 145 TCs in the western North Pacific during 2000–05 based on QuikSCAT oceanic winds. For the 73 TCs that intensified to typhoon intensity during their lifetimes, the 33% and 67% respective percentiles of R15 at tropical storm intensity and at typhoon intensity are used to categorize small, medium, and large TCs. Whereas many of the small TCs form from an easterly wave synoptic pattern, the monsoon-related formation patterns are favorable for forming medium to large TCs. Most of these 73 TCs stay in the same size category during intensification, which implies specific physical mechanisms for maintaining TC size in the basin. The 18 persistently large TCs from the tropical storm to the typhoon stage mostly have northwestward or north-northwestward tracks, while the 16 persistently small TCs either move westward– northwestward in lower latitudes or develop at higher latitudes with various track types. For the large TCs, strong low-level southwesterly winds exist in the outer core region south of the TC center throughout the intensification period. The small TCs are more influenced by the subtropical high during intensification. The conclusion is that it is the low-level environment that determines the difference between large and small size storms during the early intensification period in the western North Pacific.
Fluctuation Results For Quadratic Continuous-State Branching Process

In this note, some fluctuation results for renormalized number of ancestors of a stationary quadratic continuous-state branching process are given. We consider three different cases: same time, different step width; different time, the same step width; adjacent time with the same step width. The Laplace transform of some related quantities is derived to prove this result.
Clinical profile and outcome in children with dengue fever

Background: Dengue fever (DF) has emerged as a serious health threat not only in India but worldwide. Mangalore, a coastal city of Karnataka has seen an alarming rise in dengue fever (DF) over the last decade. So, it is of utmost importance to study the clinical profile and treatment outcome in children suffering from dengue fever.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical profiles and treatment outcome. The case files of 52 children admitted with dengue fever over last 5 years (2009-2014) in Pediatric department in a tertiary care centre located in Mangalore, Karnataka were included in this study. The data was collected from the Medical Records department. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 16.0. Results: Children aged 4-12 years are more affected (59.6%). Fever was present in all the cases. 63.5% of the cases had petechiae and other bleeding manifestations were seen in 9.6% of the cases. Poor intake was seen in all the cases. Abdominal pain, maculopapular rash, respiratory distress, retro-orbital pain, convulsions were present in 96.2%,50%,15.4%,78.8% and 1.9% respectively. Hypotension in 86.5%, hepatomegaly in 65.4% and vomiting was seen in 100% of cases. ICU admission was done for 41 patients (78.8%). However, there was no mortality seen.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and prompt management will help in preventing serious morbidity and mortality in pediatric age group.
Binding of Nickel and Copper to Fish Gills Predicts Toxicity When Water Hardness Varies, But Free-Ion Activity Does Not

Based on a biotic-ligand model (BLM), we hypothesized that the concentration of a transition metal bound to fish gills ([Mgill]) will be a constant predictor of mortality, whereas a free-ion activity model is generally interpreted to imply that the chemical activity of the aquo (“free”) ion of the metal will be a constant predictor of mortality. In laboratory tests, measured [Nigill] and calculated [Cugill] were constant predictors of acute toxicity of Ni and Cu to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) when water hardness varied up to 10-fold, whereas total aqueous concentrations and free-ion activities of Ni and Cu were not. Thus, the BLM, which simultaneously accounts for (a) metal speciation in the exposure water and (b) competitive binding of transition-metal ions and other cations to biotic ligands predicts acute toxicity better than does free-ion activity of Ni or Cu. Adopting a biotic-ligand modeling approach could help establish a more defensible, mechanistic basis for regulating aqueous discharge.
The Effect of Interpersonal Dynamics on Quality of Supervision from a Correctional Client's Perspective

This study assessed the perception of interpersonal relationships between staff member and clients at a halfway house facility from the client’s perspective. The relationship quality was divided into three major constructs: Trust, Caring-Fairness and Toughness. Eighty surveys were sent out to five halfway houses in northwestern Wisconsin with 47 of them being returned. The literature reviewed examined the evolution and philosophy of halfway houses, the principles of effective correctional treatment and therapeutic alliances and dual role relationships. The findings indicated that respondents valued the relationship quality with halfway house staff although did not report this as a main factor in contributing to their success.
THE MANAGEMENT OF WILD YAM TUBERS BY THE BAKA PYGMIES IN SOUTHERN CAMEROON

Wild yams (Dioscorea spp.) are primordial sources of carbohydrates for many hunter-gatherers of African forests. Yams play a key role in the symbolic perception of the forest by the Baka Pygmies of Southern Cameroon. The Baka have elaborated an original form of wild yam exploitation that I have termed "paracultivation". Paraculti- vation defines a set of technical, social and cultural practices aiming at managing wild resources while keeping them in their natural environment. In 1994, I undertook an experimental survey to estimate the effect of paracultivation on survivol and growth of yam plants. Preliminary results presented here demonstrate that paracultivation increases the production of tubers without affecting plant survivorship. Furthermore, it allows a better control of the spatial and temporal availability of yam resources by the Baka. This study has opened up new perspectives on the evolutionary ecology of tuber- producing tropical forest plants. Paracultivation encourages us to reconsider the interac- tive process between forest dwellers and their environment.
Cover crop biomass harvest influences cotton nitrogen utilization and productivity

There is a potential in the southeastern US to harvest winter cover crops from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields for biofuels or animal feed use, but this could impact yields and nitrogen (N) fertilizer response. An experiment was established to examine rye (Secale cereale L.) residue management (RM) and N rates on cotton productivity. Three RM treatments (no winter cover crop (NC), residue removed (REM) and residue retained (RET)) and four N rates for cotton were studied. Cotton population, leaf and plant N concentration, cotton biomass and N uptake at first square, and cotton biomass production between first square and cutout were higher for RET, followed by REM and NC. However, leaf N concentration at early bloom and N concentration in the cotton biomass between first square and cutout were higher for NC, followed by REM and RET. Seed cotton yield response to N interacted with year and RM, but yields were greater with RET followed by REM both years. These results indicate that a rye cover crop can be beneficial for cotton, especially during hot and dry years. Long-term studies would be required to completely understand the effect of rye residue harvest on cotton production under conservation tillage.
METHOD OF DESIGN EVALUATION FOCUSED ON RELATIONS OF MEANINGS FOR A SUCCESSFUL DESIGN

This research proposes a methodology of analysis of design factors, based on meanings. The originally described factors of meanings are based on the idea for summarizing and representing relations between meanings. The analysis of results of a survey of design factors was used to evaluate the influence of introduced factors of meanings on the design evaluation. The resulting model clearly shows the effect of the proposed WordNet-based factors of meanings on the evaluation of design. Understanding the role of meanings in design assessment factors is a step in the development of a meaning-based support method of designing. This methodology of analysis bridges the gap to supportable process of synthesis of meanings in design methodology.
Power frequency overvoltages generated by solar plants

A new kind of overvoltage, not covered by present standards, has been detected in solar plants when switching the inverters off. This power frequency overvoltage can be transmitted to the MV network, giving rise to damages to some pieces of low voltage electronic equipment. This phenomenon has been investigated in the field, testing several inverters in different solar plants, where the overvoltages, as well as the damages in revenue meters, have been reproduced and recorded. It has been proved that some inverter configurations are more prone to create severe overvoltages than other. In addition, some solutions have been tested.
Influence of Mineral Nutrients on the in Vitro Rooting of Micro-shoots and Hardening in Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Variety 'Grand Naine'

To standardize a commercially viable in vitro rooting procedure for banana (Musa paradisiaca L.), micro-shoots from three week-old cultures of variety ‘Grand Naine’ were inoculated onto four different mineral salt concentrations of MS (Murashige and Skoog) media supplemented with 2 mg l -1 NAA (�-naphthyleneacetic acid), 20 g l -1 sucrose, 100 mg l -1 activated charcoal and 8 g l -1 agar. After three weeks of incubation, the micro-shoots cultured onto ¾-strength MS media showed the best response in terms of root initiation and growth. After hardening, plantlets developed on ½- or ¾-strength MS medium could be acclimatized and grew well ex vitro. Therefore, low mineral salt concentration in the in vitro rooting media can be adopted as an effective low-cost in vitro rooting procedure for banana ‘Grand Naine’.
Analysis of Tax Formation and Impact on Economic Growth in Nigeria

As a fiscal instrument, direct taxes are used to adjust people’s disposable income and to reduce the parameter of unearned incomes. At the macroeconomic level, taxes are used to redistribute income and therefore contribute to the economic growth of the country. This paper examines the empirical forms of tax on the economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced within the periods of 1985-2011 and Model was specified and estimated using some econometric. The result showed that the determinant factor of economic growth in the country through tax, only custom and exercise duties is capable of influencing but has an inverse relationship and significant to the GDP. It is observed that economic instability were experienced between 1986-1987 and 1993 to 1995 but evident in the stability in the economic growth from the graph in the rest of the years of the study around bench mark value of zero line of the GDP predicted graph based on tax generations in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that the company income tax system should be generally restructured to bring about more yielded revenue results capable of contributing more significantly to the Nigerian economic as it is done in the advanced countries of the world. Custom service operations and revenue generations in the border is not practically reflected in the economy due to no accountability, transparency and leakages in the system.