Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complications of Neodymium:YAG laser goniopuncture after deep sclerectomy.

PURPOSE To study the complications of Neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) goniopuncture after deep sclerectomy with collagen implant (DSCI). METHODS All patients who underwent a Nd:YAG goniopuncture after a successful DSCI for primary open-angle glaucoma were included in a non-randomized clinical study. RESULTS Nd:YAG goniopuncture was performed in 31 patients. The mean time from surgery to goniopuncture was 3.2 +/- 3.2 months. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) before goniopuncture was 32.0 +/- 10.8 mmHg (SD); the mean IOP 1-2 hours after goniopuncture was 16.5 +/- 6.3 mmHg. After a mean follow-up of 5.4 +/- 2.8 months, the mean IOP was 17.8 +/- 11.6 mmHg. Three patients had a spontaneous iris prolapse after Nd:YAG goniopuncture and consequently high IOP. No signs of severe hypotension were observed. CONCLUSION There are potentially serious complications relating to Nd:YAG goniopuncture after deep sclerectomy. However, further studies are needed to determine the safest time and level of IOP at which to perform Nd:YAG goniopuncture.
Transfer Technique - Seeing where you are going

The main variables that affect nidation are related to uterine receptivity, embryo quality and the efficiency of embryo transfer. Embryo transfer is the critical step in assisted reproductive technology; with rigid catheters, contamination with blood, mucus or bacteria, increased contraction waves of the myometrium, and the level of difficulty in introducing the catheter inside the uterine cavity tending to reduce embryo implantation rates (1-9). Little attention has been paid to embryo transfer, a fact reflected in the scientific publications regarding this subject, which are rare compared with those evaluating other aspects of IVF. The probable reason is the apparent simplicity of this maneuver, since most clinicians do not consider inserting a catheter through the uterine cervix and ejecting embryos a difficult task. This facility, however, is relative. Differences in individual transfer performances are reflected in the results reported in the literature. Meldrum et al. (10) and Naaktgeboren et al. (11) emphasized that meticulous embryo transfer is essential for the success of IVF. Assessing the question of the operator within the same program, Hearns-Stokes et al. (12) found significant differences in pregnancy rates between 11 clinicians who performed 854 embryo transfers. In that study, all aspects of the IVF-embryo transfer cycle were standardized: the groups were homogenous in terms of all aspects including embryo quality, the number of embryos transferred and the transfer technique employed. Karande et al. (13) reported significant differences in pregnancy rates between clinicians even when uniform protocols of ovarian stimulation and embryo culture were used. Embryos are routinely transferred through the transcervical route, with the catheter being inserted in two ways: blindly by ‘clinical touch’ or guided by ultrasound. Many services use the ‘sensitivity’ of the clinician to place the embryos within the uterine cavity at a point close to the fundus (4, 14), similar to the description published by Edwards more than 20 years ago. With respect to this type of embryo transfer, which is more traditional, no attempt has been made to document the variables that might have a negative impact and cause low pregnancy rates and failure of the whole process, such as inadvertent touch of the catheter tip on the fundal endometrial surface or inappropriate embryo placement in the uterine cavity (6-8,15).
Effect of different iron loads on serum and tissue biochemical parameters and liver hepcidin mRNA abundance of neonatal piglets

Iron (Fe) is an essential and important trace element for animals. In order to study its metabolism and relationship with hepcidin, piglet models of Fe-deficiency and Fe-overload were established by intramuscular injection with different doses of Fe-dextran (150 mg Fe/ml) within 1 week of age. Twelve piglets were divided into three groups of four animals: deficiency, regular and overload group, receiving 0 ml, 1 ml and 6 ml Fe-dextran, respectively. The piglets were euthanised at the age of 7 days for analysis. The results showed that the Fe-concentrations in liver, spleen and serum of piglets in the overload group were higher than in the regular and deficiency groups (p < 0.05). In the overload group, several serum biochemical parameters, e.g. globulin, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), peroxidase and xanthine oxidase were higher, while alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and triglycerides were lower, compared with the regular group (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of AKP, total bilirubin and peroxidase in the deficiency group were lower, while HDL and GPx were higher, compared with the regular group (p < 0.05). Hepcidin mRNA abundance was 131 times lower in the liver of piglets with Fe-deficiency, and 7 times higher in the overloaded group than that in the regular group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Fe-overload and deficiency would influence Fe-metabolism, serum biochemical indexes, oxidation state and hepcidin mRNA abundance in piglet liver.
Psychosocial Differences Related to Parenting Infants Among Single and Married Mothers

Background: This study compared the psychosocial factors, self-esteem, sense of mastery, life stress, and social support among first-time married and single mothers in early parenthood. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative design was used to study secondary data. A convenience sample of 80 first-time mothers completed self-report instruments on self-esteem, sense of mastery, social, and life stress at 6–8 weeks after birth. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and ANOVA. A statistically significant difference was found between married and single mothers on self esteem (F = 9.314, df = 1, p = .003) and sense of mastery (F = 4.919, df = 1, p = .030). Results: There were no statistical differences found between married and single mothers on social support and life stress. Findings support theoretical assertion that personal psychological resources are most indicative of successful parenting. Conclusion: Further, interventions directed toward enhancing single mothers' sense of mastery and self-esteem may be needed to facilitate maternal role transition.
A Stackable Constant-Width Corrugated Horn Design for High-Performance and Low-Cost Feed Arrays at Millimeter Wavelengths

This letter presents a design technique for circular corrugated horns for focal plane radioastronomical arrays based on the constancy of the corrugation width. The advantages of this solution are several: From the mechanical point of view, fabrication can be performed with an easy machining and low-cost processes; from the electromagnetic point of view, a careful optimization leads to high performance over the WR22 standard waveguide band.
Systematic review on highly viscous glass-ionomer cement/resin coating restorations (Part I):  Do they merge Minamata Convention and minimum intervention dentistry?

BACKGROUND With the Minamata Convention the use of mercury will be phased down, and this undoubtedly will have an effect on dental treatment regimens and economic resources. Composite resin restorations are considered viable alternatives to amalgam fillings; however, these will not be covered completely by health insurance systems in many countries. Recently, a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (hvGIC) processed with a resinous coating (RC) has been introduced, and has been marketed as a restorative material in load-bearing Class I cavities (and in Class II cavities with limited size), thus serving as a possible alternative to amalgam fillings. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the literature on this treatment approach, and to focus particularly on the clinical performance of the hvGIC/RC combination. SEARCH STRATEGY The Cochrane Library as well as Ebsco, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases were screened. Moreover, relevant abstracts published with dental meetings were reviewed. SELECTION CRITERIA All available randomized clinical trials focusing on the hvGIC/RC approach (published either as full-texts or abstracts until June 2016) were selected. Moreover, single-group studies using hvGIC/RC were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Screening of titles and abstracts, data extraction, and quality assessments of full-texts according to Oxford scoring were performed. RESULTS Regarding failure rates, minor differences between hvGIC/RC and GIC or composite resins as comparators could be observed in seven clinical studies. The hvGIC/RC combination showed high survival rates (with only few catastrophic failures) of up to 6 years. CONCLUSION Class I retention rates of hvGIC/RC seem promising, but further high-quality clinical studies are clearly warranted.
Platform Desertion by App Developers AMRIT TIWANA

Platform desertion, or a developer’s stopping the development of an app for a platform, is a widespread phenomenon to the detriment of platforms. However, the extant literature focuses primarily on why app developers join—not leave—a platform. This app-level study develops two ideas: (a) coordination costs borne by an app’s developer are associated with platform desertion, and (b) these costs are, in turn, shaped by a nuanced interplay between app decision rights and app “microarchitecture” introduced here. We use survey and snapshot archival data spanning 2009–2014 on over 300 apps in the Mozilla Firefox ecosystem to test these ideas. Our novel contribution shows how, by influencing coordination costs, the previously invisible interplay between app decision rights and app microarchitecture shapes an app’s platform desertion. We find that delegating app decision rights to its developer weakens the coordination cost-reducing benefits of decoupling an app from the platform but strengthens those of standardizing its interfaces to the platform. The key theoretical implication is that app decision rights and app microarchitecture symbiotically influence the coordination costs borne by an app’s developer. The key practical implication for platform designers is that the choices about who ought to make what decisions are intertwined with the architecture of the governed information technology artifact.
Endothelium-dependent relaxation is depressed at the macro- and microcirculatory levels during sepsis.

The objective of this study was to determine whether endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) production is reduced at the macrocirculatory and microcirculatory levels during sepsis. To examine this, rats were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). At 5 h after CLP (i.e., midpoint of hyperdynamic sepsis) or sham operation, the aorta and superior mesenteric artery were isolated. Responses to an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh), and an endothelium-independent vasodilator, nitroglycerin (NTG), were determined. In additional studies, the small intestine was isolated 5 or 20 h (hypodynamic sepsis) after CLP. Responses to ACh and NTG were determined in the isolated intestine. The results indicate that endothelium-dependent relaxation in both the aorta and superior mesenteric artery was depressed at 5 h after CLP. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the relaxation induced by NTG. Moreover, ACh-induced vascular relaxation in the isolated small intestine decreased at 5 and 20 h post-CLP without any significant alterations in NTG-induced relaxation. Since studies have shown that ACh-induced relaxation in the aorta is reduced at 20 h after CLP, it could be concluded that endothelium-derived NO release is depressed during hyperdynamic and hypodynamic stages of sepsis, not only in large arteries, but also at the microcirculatory level.
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Regulates the Expression of PACAP in Cultured Tilapia Astrocytes

Neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a pleiotropic hormone that is involved in numerous physiologic functions. The present study examines the presence and the functional significance of PACAP and its receptor in the brain and astrocytes of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). This is the first demonstration of the full-length nucleotide sequence of tPACAP gene in tilapia pituitary, brain, and cultured astrocytes. Two cDNA variants of the growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH)–PACAP gene were identified in tilapia pituitary, brain, and cultured astrocytes as a result of exon skipping with a long form (271 bp) encoding both tPACAP38 and tGHRH and a short form (166 bp) encoding only tPACAP38. The short form was found to be more abundant in astrocytes. Addition of ovine PACAP38 (1 nM) to cultured astrocytes significantly stimulated the expression of tPACAP38 at 4 hrs, but the effect dropped after 8 hrs of treatment. By contrast, the expression of PACAP type I receptor (PAC1-R) mRNA in the astrocytes was not responsive to PACAP38 treatment. The tPACAP38 expression also was activated by the cAMP analog, dibutyryl-cAMP, in a dose-dependent manner. Adding high salinity (170 mM NaCl, 500 mOsm/kg osmolarity) to cultured medium substantially increased astroglial tPACAP38 expression over 4 hrs to a level that was maintained for 16 hrs. This observation was not found when mannitol (270 mM) was supplemented as an osmolarity-enhancing agent (500 mOsm/ kg). Taken together, tPACAP expression in tilapia astrocytes was well regulated by exogenous PACAP, cAMP, and salinity and might be involved in the adaptation to high salinity when the fish is in a seawater environment.
Humoral Immune Response to Mesothelin in Mesothelioma and Ovarian Cancer Patients

Purpose: Mesothelin is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol–anchored glycoprotein present on the cell surface. Mesothelin is a differentiation antigen that is highly expressed on mesothelioma, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The existence of a spontaneous humoral immune response to mesothelin in humans has not been fully studied. Here we addressed the issue of whether mesothelin elicits a humoral immune response in patients with mesothelioma and ovarian cancer. Experimental Design: Using an ELISA, we analyzed immunoglobulin G antibodies specific for mesothelin in sera from patients with mesothelioma and epithelial ovarian cancer. Tumor specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry for mesothelin protein expression. Results: Elevated levels of mesothelin-specific antibodies were detected in the sera of 39.1% of patients with mesothelioma (27 of 69 patients) and 41.7% with epithelial ovarian cancer (10 of 24 patients) when compared with a normal control population (44 blood donors; P < 0.01 for both mesothelioma and ovarian cancer). We also found that 53% to 56% of patients with mesothelin immunostaining-positive mesothelioma and ovarian cancer had antibodies specific for mesothelin, whereas only 0% to 8% of patients with negative mesothelin immunostaining had detectable mesothelin-specific antibodies (χ2 test: P < 0.01 for mesothelioma and P = 0.025 for ovarian cancer). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mesothelin is a new tumor antigen in patients with mesothelioma and ovarian cancer and the immunogenicity of mesothelin is associated with its high expression on the tumor cells. Mesothelin represents an excellent target for immune-based therapies.
Strain elastography features of epidermoid tumours in superficial soft tissue: differences from other benign soft-tissue tumours and malignant tumours

Objective: We evaluated ultrasonographic features of superficial epidermoid tumour with a focus on strain elastography (SE) features that will help in the differential diagnosis of epidermoid tumour from other benign and malignant soft-tissue tumours. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated ultrasonographic and SE data of 103 surgically confirmed superficial soft-tissue tumours and tumour-like lesions: 29 cases of epidermoid tumour, 46 cases of other benign tumours and 28 cases of malignant tumour. SE and B-mode imaging were performed at the same time. SE characteristics were assigned into four grades (1 – 4) according to their elasticity. Interobserver agreement for the four SE
Grain dusts and grain plant components vary in their ability to recruit neutrophils.

Occupational exposure to grain dusts can cause bronchitis, particularly to grain sorghum dust. Bronchitis is associated with the presence of increased numbers of neutrophils. To determine how grain dusts could cause neutrophil recruitment to the airways, extract of whole-grain sorghum, corn, and soybean dusts and of pulverized components of these plants were made with Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) and used in direct neutrophil chemotaxis experiments. The glume of the grain sorghum plant, the structure holding the seeds in place, caused the migration of the greatest number of neutrophils compared to HBSS [132 +/- 7 vs. 60 cells/high-power field (hpf) +/- 2 SEM, p < . 001], followed by whole-grain sorghum dust (121 +/- 5 cells/hpf). Next, bovine bronchial epithelial cells (BBECs) were obtained from fresh lungs and grown to near confluence before challenge with a 10% solution of grain dust and grain plant extracts. The grain sorghum glume and whole-grain sorghum dusts caused release of the greatest amount of neutrophil chemotactic activity (NCA) from BBECs compared to the medium M199 negative control (141 +/- 6 and 153 +/- 7, respectively, vs. 64 cells/hpf +/- 3 SEM, p < .001). The ability to cause neutrophils to migrate by direct and indirect means did not correlate with levels in the grain dusts of endotoxin, which is known to cause release of NCA from bronchial epithelial cells. Therefore, this article describes additional mechanisms by which grain dusts can cause pulmonary inflammation and that are independent of endotoxin levels.
Numerical aberrations in the permanent teeth of grade school children in Jerusalem.

An epidemiologic survey on the occurence of hypo- and hyperdontia was carried out among the 28,000 grade school children of Jerusalem. While the first condition was more prevalent among girls, boys had more supernumery teeth. The rate of both anomalities was higher in children belonging to Oriental ethnic groups than in children of European origin, and in Israelis of second generation. The maxilla was more often involved than the mandible, and the tooth most often lacking was the maxillary lateral incisor. Most supernumerary teeth were of the type of the “mesiodens”.
Retinocollicular synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission during formation of the visual map in the superior colliculus of the wallaby (Macropus eugenii)

Spontaneous retinal activity has been implicated in the development of the topographic map in the superior colliculus (SC) but a direct demonstration that it reaches the colliculus is lacking. Here we investigate when the retinocollicular projection is capable of transmitting information from the retina in a marsupial mammal, the wallaby (Macropus eugenii). The projection develops postnatally, allowing in vivo analysis throughout development. Quantification of retinocollicular synaptogenesis has been combined with electrophysiology of the development and characteristics of retinocollicular transmission, including in vivo and in vitro recording in the same animals. Prior to postnatal day (P) 12–14 in vitro recording detected only presynaptic activity in retinal axons in the colliculus, in response to stimulation of the optic nerve. Postsynaptic responses, comprising both N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) and non‐NMDA responses, were first detected in vitro at P12–14 and retinal synapses were identified. In contrast, postsynaptic responses to optic nerve stimulation could not be detected in vivo until P39, around the time that retinal axons begin arborizing. Around this age density and numbers of total synapses began increasing in the retinorecipient layers of the colliculus. By P55–64, the numbers of retinal synapses had increased significantly and density and numbers of retinal and total synapses continued to increase up to P94–99. During this time the map is undergoing refinement and degenerating axons and synapses were present. The discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo onset of functional connections raises the question of when retinal activity reaches collicular cells in the intact, unanaesthetized animal and this will require investigation.
N-domain angiotensin-converting enzyme isoform expression in tissues of Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Background Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a protein containing two active sites, called N- and C-domains, according to their position in the protein. Aim The aim of the present study was to verify whether the expression of the N-domain ACEs detected in the urine of Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats was restricted to the kidney. Methods Adrenal, aorta, heart, liver, lung, kidney and testicle tissue from Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats were homogenized in assay buffer and analyzed by gel filtration, Western blotting and radio-immunoassay. Results Two peaks (at 136 and 69 kDa) with ACE activity upon ZPhe-His-Leu were separated by gel filtration from homogenate tissues of Wistar rats, in contrast with the tissue from hypertensive rats, which showed ACE forms of 96 and 69 kDa. The bands detected by Western blotting for all studied tissue from Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats showed a correspondence with the two peaks containing ACE activity detected in the polyacrylamide gel slices. Angiotensin II levels were increased in hypertensive rat tissue when compared with Wistar rat tissues. In addition, captopril 3 μmol/l inhibited the enzymic activity, where the Km was in the order of mmol/l and μmol/l using hippuryl-His–Leu and Abz-Ser-Asp-Lys(Dnp)Pro-OH as substrates, respectively. All tissues from Wistar rats presented ACE with 136 kDa, similar to somatic ACE, and N-domain ACE with 69 kDa. In the same tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats, 96 and 69 kDa N-domain ACEs were detected. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that N-domain ACEs were not exclusively produced in the kidney and excreted in the urine; they were expressed in all tissue studied, suggesting that these enzymes could influence local angiotensin II production, contributing to organ-specific regulation.
StarrySky: A Practical System to Track Millions of High-Precision Query Intents

Query intent mining is a critical problem in various real-world search applications. In the past few years we have witnessed dramatic advances in the field of query intent mining area. In this paper, we present a practical system---StarrySky for identifying and inferring millions of query intents in daily sponsored search with high precision and acceptable coverage. We have already achieved great advantages by deploying this system in Sogou sponsored search engine\footnote {http://www.sogou. com}. The general architecture of StarrySky consists of three stages. First, we detect millions of fine-grained query clusters from two years of click logs which can represent different query intents. Second, we refine the qualities of query clusters with a series of well-designed operations, and call the final refined clusters as concepts. Third and foremost, we build a flexible real-time inference algorithm for assigning query intents to the detected concepts with high precision. Beyond the description of the system, we employ several experiments to evaluate its performance and flexibility. Our inference algorithm achieves up to 96% precision and 68% coverage on daily search requests. We believe StarrySky is a practical and valuable system for tracking query intents.