Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Setting or mixed ability? Teachers' views of the organisation of pupils for learning

This paper examines how staff in schools formulate decisions about pupil organisation. A small sample of primary and secondary schools from across Scotland was involved in the study. In 1996 Her Majesty's Inspectors published a report entitled Achievement for All (SOEID, 1996) which, it was envisaged, would form the basis of school evaluations into the effectiveness of classroom organisation. This report, and in particular the six principles on which it suggested effective organisational arrangements should rest, formed the organising framework for the study. The study had three main aims: 1to ascertain the extent to which the principles outlined in the HMI report had been used by school staff when making decisions about which form of organisation to use 2to comment on the perceptions of teaching staff of how well the arrangements in place were working 3to ascertain how the impact on teaching and learning was being evaluated.
A survey for near-infrared H2 emission in Herbig Ae/Be stars: emission from the outer disks of HD 97048 and HD 100546

We report on a sensitive search for H2 1-0 S(1), 1-0 S(0) and 2-1 S(1) ro-vibrational emission at 2.12, 2.22 and 2.25 μ mi n as ample of 15 Herbig Ae/Be stars employing CRIRES, the ESO-VLT near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, at R ∼ 90 000. We report the detection of the H2 1-0 S(1) line toward HD 100546 and HD 97048. In the other 13 targets, the line is not detected. The H2 1-0 S(0) and 2-1 S(1) lines are undetected in all sources. These observations are the first detection of near-IR H2 emission in HD 100546. The H2 1-0 S(1) lines observed in HD 100546 and HD 97048 are observed at a velocity consistent with the rest velocity of both stars, suggesting that they are produced in the circumstellar disk. In HD 97048 the emission is spatially resolved and it is observed to extend at least up to 200 AU from the star. We report an increase of one order of magnitude in the H2 1-0 S(1) line flux with respect to previous measurements taken in 2003 for this star, which suggests line variability. In HD 100546 the emission is tentatively spatially resolved and may extend at least up to 50 AU from the star. Modeling of the H2 1-0 S(1) line profiles and their spatial extent with flat Keplerian disks shows that most of the emission is produced at a radius larger than 5 AU. Upper limits to the H2 1-0 S(0)/1-0 S(1) and H2 2-1 S(1)/1-0 S(1) line ratios in HD 97048 are consistent with H2 gas at T > 2000 K and suggest that the emission observed may be produced by X-ray excitation. The upper limits for the line ratios for HD 100546 are inconclusive. Because the H2 emission is located at large radii, for both sources a thermal emission scenario (i.e., gas heated by collisions with dust) is implausible. We argue that the observation of H2 emission at large radii may be indicative of an extended disk atmosphere at radii >5 AU. This may be explained by a hydrostatic disk in which gas and dust are thermally decoupled or by a disk wind caused by photoevaporation.
Understanding the internet banking adoption by Portuguese customers - a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and perceived risk application.

The understanding of the main determinants of Internet banking adoption is important for banks and users. If banks understand users’ concerns, then they will be able to provide better services. In this investigation we developed a conceptual model that combined the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) with perceived risk in order to explain behaviour intention and usage behaviour of Internet banking. To test the conceptual model we collected data from Portugal (249 valid cases). We found that the model explained 60 percent of intention to use variance and 81 percent of usage variance. Our findings supported some relationships of UTAUT, as performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence, and also the role of risk as a stronger predictor of intention. To explain usage behaviour of Internet banking the most important factor was behavioural intention.
Using the Internet to collect data

The Internet is not one single, monolithic medium. It consists of many services with different functions and needs for input, even more so than the medium telephone varies between clunky devices made from wood that we sometimes see in old movies, the iPad, smartphones, and Voice over Internet Protocol.1 Using the Internet can mean writing and receiving e-mails that may be purely text based or rich in media. It can mean to surf using a Web browser on a desktop computer, laptop, or smartphone. Driving a car often automatically means using the Internet, as information about the location of the car is sent to satellites and databases connected via the Internet. The Internet of Things, one of the next steps in the Internet revolution, will connect more and more of the world to the Internet. This connection can be made by the average person with the help of services like http://www.touchatag. com. According to the Gartner Group, by the end of 2012, physical sensors will generate 20% of nonvideo Internet traffic: “The extent and diversity of real-time environmental sensing is growing rapidly as our ability to act on and interpret the growing volumes of data to capture valuable information increases” (Plummer et al., 2009). Universal addressability of things and people (sometimes called the Semantic Web; Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila, 2001; World Wide Web Consortium [W3C], 2010) allows Internet-based data collection even about people and things that are not connected to the Internet.2 Other agents refer to them by sending their location, images, and so on. A case vividly demonstrating this principle is Google Street View: Combining location information with panoramic images creates a highly informative and immersive tool to explore the world at a human scale (i.e., with the eyes of a traveler). The future combination of visual location information with the Internet of Things will create an increasingly tightly meshed representation of the world on the Internet. This chapter shows the major steps in collecting data on the Internet. The first section, InternetBased Research, narrates the short history of Internet-based data-collection methods in psychological research, describes their characteristics, and presents a systematic overview of the four basic types of methods. Some notions about planning Internetbased research lead to the second section, Generating a Web Experiment. The section describes an example and provides the reader with the opportunity to become active and experience Internet-based data-collection methods by creating and conducting a Web experiment in a step-by-step fashion. The example introduces the important concepts of client-side versus server-side processing and illustrates a number of important techniques. The third section, Pre-Testing, emphasizes the need to take extra care in preparing the materials and procedure and
A discontinuous Galerkin method for the Navier-Stokes equations

The foundations of a new discontinuous Galerkin method for simulating compressible viscous flows with shocks on standard unstructured grids are presented in this paper. The new method is based on a discontinuous Galerkin formulation both for the advective and the diffusive contributions. High-order accuracy is achieved by using a recently developed hierarchical spectral basis. This basis is formed by combining Jacobi polynomials of high-order weights written in a new co-ordinate system. It retains a tensor-product property, and provides accurate numerical quadrature. The formulation is conservative, and monotonicity is enforced by appropriately lowering the basis order and performing h-refinement around discontinuities. Convergence results are shown for analytical two- and three-dimensional solutions of diffusion and Navier-Stokes equations that demonstrate exponential convergence of the new method, even for highly distorted elements. Flow simulations for subsonic, transonic and supersonic flows are also presented that demonstrate discretization flexibility using hp-type refinement. Unlike other high-order methods, the new method uses standard finite volume grids consisting of arbitrary triangulizations and tetrahedrizations
Music as a Tool for Self-Realization in Chinese Culture: Based on the Practice of Playing the Guqin

Music has always held an important place in Chinese culture and it has been deeply related to philosophy for ages. In fact, one could say it played a key role in creating Chinese culture and civilisation. It could be assumed that one of the most important concepts of this culture—the Harmony—has its roots in music-making practice and musical terminology. Music was very strongly related to the official social ideology/philosophy of the empire, the Confucianism. As an integral part of the rituals, it became one of the elements ensuring social order. Besides its social/global function, music was an issue of great importance in the practice of achieving one’s personal excellence. There is a strong correlation between music and the Chinese idea of a sage, which in the Middle Kingdom is associated with the sense of hearing (not with sight, as it is in the Mediterranean tradition). The musical instrument guqin became an inalienable attribute of a sage and the practice of playing this instrument became a way to wisdom, allowing to improve one’s cognition and action. This paper will present the relations between playing the qin, philosophy, and learning wisdom.
Natural plant extracts and prebiotic compounds as alternatives to antibiotics in broiler chicken diets in a necrotic enteritis challenge model

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of two different water-soluble carbohydrate extracts (renga renga lily extract and Acacia extract), and two commercially available prebiotic compounds, Fibregum and Raftifeed-IPE, on the performance of broiler chickens subjected to a necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge model. These treatments were compared with negative control and a positive (Zn-bacitracin) control treatments. An overall 8.8% NE-related mortality was recorded, with mean jejunal and ileal lesion scores in dead birds ranging from 3.03 to 3.90 in all challenged groups except the positive control groups. NE-specific deaths or clinical abnormalities were not observed with unchallenged control and positive control groups. At 7 days post-challenge, the concentration of specific IgY antibodies against the α-toxin of Clostridium perfringens in the serum was lower (P < 0.05) in birds fed the positive control and Fibregum-supplemented diets than in the negative control group. However, birds fed Fibregum had increased (P < 0.05) IgM concentration compared with those fed Acacia extract and lily extract. The Fibregum-fed group also had higher (P < 0.05) IgA concentrations in serum than did the positive-control and lily extract-supplemented groups at 14 days but this effect did not persist to 21 days. The results from the present study demonstrated that supplementation with water-soluble carbohydrates from two plant sources was not effective in controlling NE. However, the prebiotic compound Fibregum was found to be having some immunomodulatory effects. Addition of Zn-bacitracin and monensin was highly effective in counteracting the negative effects of the disease challenge.
Forest processes from stands to landscapes: exploring model forecast uncertainties using cross-scale model comparison

Forest management practices conducted primarily at the stand scale result in simplified forests with regeneration problems and low structural and biological diversity. Landscape models have been used to help design management strat- egies to address these problems. However, there remains a great deal of uncertainty that the actual management practices result in the desired sustainable landscape structure. To investigate our ability to meet sustainable forest management goals across scales, we assessed how two models of forest dynamics, a scaled-up individual-tree model and a landscape model, simulate forest dynamics under three types of harvesting regimes: clearcut, gap, and uniform thinning. Althougth 50- 100 year forecasts predicted average successional patterns that differed by less than 20% between models, understory dy- namics of the landscape model were simplified relative to the scaled-up tree model, whereas successional patterns of the scaled-up tree model deviated from empirical studies on the driest and wettest landtypes. The scale dependencies of both models revealed important weaknesses when the models were used alone; however, when used together, they could pro- vide a heuristic method that could improve our ability to design sustainable forest management practices. Resume´ : Les pratiques d'amenagement forestier qui sont surtout appliquees a l'echelle du peuplement entraoˆnent une sim- plification de la foret et engendrent des problemes de regeneration ainsi qu'une faible diversitestructurale et biologique. Des modeles de paysage ont eteutilises pour aider a elaborer des strategies qui s'attaquent aces problemes. Cependant, beaucoup d'incertitude persiste quant asavoir si les pratiques actuelles d'amenagement produisent une structure vraiment durable du paysage. Dans le but d'examiner notre capaciteaatteindre les objectifs de l'amenagement forestier durable peu importe l'echelle, nous avons evaluede quelle facon deux modeles de dynamique forestiere, un modele elargi d'arbre indi- viduel et un modele de paysage, simulent la dynamique de la foret soumise a trois regimes de coupe : rase, par trouees et eclaircie uniforme. Meme si les previsions sur 50 a 100 ans produisaient des patrons de succession moyens qui differaient par moins de 20 % selon le modele, la dynamique de sous-bois du modele de paysage etait simplifiee relativement au mo- dele elargi d'arbre individuel, tandis que les patrons de succession du modele elargi d'arbre individuel deviaient des etudes empiriques sur les stations les plus seches et les plus humides. Le fait que les deux modeles soient dependants de l'echelle fait ressortir d'importantes faiblesses lorsqu'ils sont utilisess eparement. Par contre, utilises ensemble ils pourraient fournir une methode heuristique capable d'ameliorer notre capaciteaconcevoir des pratiques d'amenagement forestier durable. (Traduit par la Redaction)
HORMONAL SEED PRIMING IMPROVES WHEAT ( TRITICUM AESTIVUM L . ) FIELD PERFORMANCE UNDER DROUGHT AND NON-STRESS CONDITIONS

Global warming and unexpected climatic change especially increased in temperature and drought incidence were forced the agriscientist to develop long term future strategies required for all drought and temperature sensitive crops including wheat. The objective of this study was to explore the process of better wheat growth and development under premises of drought. Five wheat cultivars were used to study the effect of drought and to cope drought with hormonal priming. Wheat seeds were primed in 10 M concentration of Salicylic acid (SA) and Gibberellic acid (GA), control was also used. Yield and yield components were decreased under drought. PAKISTAN-13 had the highest grain yield under normal and stress condition. The highest yield reductions were found in CHAKWAL-50 under normal condition. Under stress condition CHAKWAL-50 also had minimum yield. Among five genotypes FSD-08 maintained its yield under drought stress as compared to other genotypes. Hormonal priming improved yield under normal condition and overcome the effect of stress under drought. Priming increased the grain yield in CHAKWAL-50 and other genotypes. PAKISTAN-13 had the highest harvest index under normal condition and also under stress condition. PAKISTAN-13 and FSD-08 had the highest stress tolerance index while SA priming increased the stress tolerance index in CHAKWAL-50. Total sugar and protein contents were increased under drought. In conclusion, under normal and drought stress genotypic difference was observed for yield and yield contributing traits. PAKISTAN 13 and FSD-08 were wining genotypes. Seed priming was able to overcome stress and increased yield. Stress tolerance index was also improved by using hormonal priming. Genotype response was different under normal and drought stress.
Leading learning in Australian tertiary institutions: Narrative support for unit coordinators

This research investigates the experience of unit coordinators across Australia. It builds on an earlier Australian Learning and Teaching Council (ALTC) project that examined and clarified the role of unit coordinators as leaders of learning in higher education (UCaLL). In this paper we focus on the first phase of the project that involved crafting narrative accounts from semi-structured interviews describing the lived experiences of participants. We wanted to know how unit coordinators perceive their role as leaders of learning in higher education and whether the support provided to them met their needs. Nine themes were identified among the narrative accounts and these include; teaching and assessment, starting out, managing workloads and complexity, leading learning and feeling isolated. We found that unit coordinators welcomed our interest in their work, although many did not view themselves as leaders of learning in their institutions. We also found that few unit coordinators described strong institutional support for their role, instead relying on building supportive relationships with colleagues and that the development of a ‘just in timejust for me’ website interested our participants.
The effects of gender on group work process and achievement: an analysis through self‐ and peer‐assessment

The importance of teamwork skills as part of employability has been widely acknowledged and accompanied by active research on successful cooperative learning. However, relatively few studies have focused on the effects of gender on students' group work, and only a limited number of empirical studies exist that examine students' group work process and performance through the results of self- and peer-assessment. This study examines the effects of gender on group work process and performance using the self- and peer-assessment results of 1001 students in British higher education formed into 192 groups. The analysis aggregates all measures on the group level in order to examine the overall group performance. Further, a simple regression model is used to capture the effects of group gender compositions. Results suggest that students in gender balanced groups display enhanced collaboration in group work processes. The enhanced collaboration could be associated with less social loafing behaviours and more equitable contributions to the group work. However, the results imply that this cooperative learning environment does not lead to higher student performance. Students' comments allow us to explore possible reasons for this finding. The results also indicate underperformance by all-male groups and reduced collaborative behaviours by solo males in male gender exception groups (i.e., groups consisting of one male student and other members being female). The results thus have implications for the composition of groups. The pedagogical implications of these findings are discussed.
Water Impact of Rigid Wedges in Two-Dimensional Fluid Flow

A combined experimental and numerical investigation was conducted into impact of rigid wedges on water in two-dimensional fluid conditions. Drop test experiments were conducted involving symmetric rigid wedges of varying angle and mass impacted onto water. The kinematic behaviour of the wedge and water was characterised using high-speed video. Numerical models were analysed in LS-DYNA® that combined regions of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics particles and a Lagrangian element mesh. The analysis captured the majority of experimental results and trends, within the bounds of experimental variance. Further, the combined modelling technique presented a highly attractive combination of computational efficiency and accuracy, making it a suitable candidate for aircraft ditching investigations.
Supply Chain Management in Textiles and Apparel

Supply chain management (SCM) is a crucial part of modern textiles and apparel business [1]. In addition to the traditional concepts on improving the production efficiency, quality control, and product design, supply chain management focuses on enhancing the collaboration and cooperation among all companies in the supply chain with a goal of satisfying what market wants. With the advance of technologies, both in terms of computer-based information technology and materials-science related production technology, many timely research issues emerge in supply chain management of textiles and apparel. Based on a recently published edited research handbook on fashion supply chain management [1] and the recent development of the textiles and apparel industry, the following research issues are outlined and discussed.
Polymeric Nanocomposites Membranes with High Permittivity Based on PVA-ZnO Nanoparticles for Potential Applications in Flexible Electronics

This study reports the optical, structural, electrical and dielectric properties of Poly (vinyl alcohol) thin films membranes with embedded ZnO nanoparticles (PVA/ZnO) obtained by the solution casting method at low temperature of deposition. Fourier Transform Infrared spectra showed the characteristics peaks, which correspond to O–H and Zn–O bonds present in the hybrid material. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated the presence of ZnO structure into the films. The composite material showed low absorbance and a wide band of gap energy from 5.5 to 5.83 eV. The surface morphology for the thin films of PVA/ZnO was studied by Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The electrical properties of the membranes were also characterized by current-voltage characteristics and the DC conductivity showed Arrhenius behavior with values of activation energy from 0.62 to 0.78 eV and maximum conductivity at 2.4 × 10−12 S/cm. The dielectric properties of the nanocomposites were measured from low to high frequencies, and the results showed a high dielectric constant (ε) in the order of 104 at low frequency and values from ε ≈ 2000 to 100 in the range of 1 KHz–1 MHz respectively. The properties of PVA/ZnO such as the high permittivity and the low temperature of processing make it a suitable material for potential applications in the development of flexible electronic devices.
Direct and subsequent effect of compost and poultry manure on the bioavailability of cadmium and copper and their uptake by oat biomass

Direct and subsequent influence of added organic materials on changes of cadmium and copper bioavailability in soil and their accumulation in aboveground oat (Avena sativa L.) biomass was studied in a three-year experiment. Mineral NPK, poultry manure and two types of composts were used as fertilizers. The average portion of available cadmium and copper from their total content in soil in all treatments was 0.94% and 0.25%, respectively. After application of poultry manure the concentration of available Cd increased during experimental years, contrary to Cu. The Cd uptake increased proportionally with available Cd content in soil almost in all treatments during experi mental years (correlation coefficient R = 0.54; P < 0.05). The Cu uptake was however different than Cd uptake, ma inly in the second and third year. The lowest uptake of Cu was found in the first experimental year and was in close positive correlation with yields of dry biomass.