Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymmetrical effects in a 2 D stenosis

An integral Interacting Boundary Layer theory is presented for the steady laminar flow in a asymmetrical bidimensional channel at high Reynolds number. The effect of asymmetry of the geometry is taken into account into the ideal fluid pressure expression. The effect is small but noticeable. Comparison with a Navier–Stokes solution shows the trend of asymmetry: increasing the pressure drop on the more curved wall, decreasing it on the other. Separation and reattachment of the boundary layer are obtained and compare well. © 2006 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Application of Synthetic MRI for Direct Measurement of Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Time and Tumor Volume at Multiple Time Points after Contrast Administration: Preliminary Results in Patients with Brain Metastasis

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the time-dependent effects of contrast medium on multi-dynamic, multi-echo (MDME) sequence in patients with brain metastases. Materials and Methods This study included 7 patients with 15 brain metastases who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) examination which included MDME sequences at 1 minute, 10 minutes and 20 minutes after contrast injection. Two volumes of interests, covering an entire tumor (whole tumor) and the enhancing portion of the tumor, were derived from post-contrast synthetic T1-weighted images. Statistical comparisons were performed for three different time delays for histogram parameters of the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) and the transverse relaxation rate (R2), and lesion volumes. Results The mean and the median of R1 and the mean of R2 in both the whole tumor and the inner enhancing portion were larger on the 10 minutes delayed images than on the 1 minute or 20 minutes delayed images (mean of R1 in the whole tumor on the 1 minute, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes delayed images: 1.26 ms, 1.39 ms, and 1.37 ms; mean of R1 in the inner enhancing portion: 1.43 ms, 1.53 ms and 1.44 ms; all p < 0.017). The volumes of the whole tumor and the inner enhancing portion were significantly larger in the 10 minutes and 20 minutes delayed images than on the 1 minute delayed images (all p < 0.017). Conclusion Magnetic resonance relaxation times and the volumes of the whole tumor and the inner enhancing portion were measured larger on the 10 minutes or 20 minutes delayed images than on the 1 minute delayed images. The MDME sequence immediately after contrast injection cannot fully reflect the effects of gadolinium-based contrast agent leakage in the tissue.
The Impact on Shareholder Value of Top Defense Counsel in Mergers and Acquisitions Litigation

We examine the role of defense litigation counsel in mergers and acquisition (M&A) litigation. We theorize that defense litigation counsel may be incentivized to settle litigation on disadvantageous terms to shareholders in order to allow transactions to complete, and that more experienced counsel will engage in this conduct at a greater rate. We find that top defense litigation counsel is more likely to be hired to complete transactions priced at lower takeover premiums. We control for endogeneity and find evidence that top defense litigation counsel negotiate cheaper and faster settlements than other defense litigation counsel, particularly when the transactions involved have lower offer premiums, and that top defense litigation counsel take advantage of multi-jurisdictional litigation to achieve this result. Our results support the conclusion that top defense litigation counsel in M&A litigation may be adept at settling valid claims in order to allow for deal completion. Finally, we discuss the implications of forum selection bylaws and the near demise of disclosure-only settlements for top defense litigation counsel, and argue that these changes may reduce competitive advantages that these law firms previously enjoyed.
Selected Organizational Factors Affecting Performance of Professional Nurses in North West Bank Governmental Hospitals

Background : Organizational factors are considered to be the cornerstone in achieving psychological and professional security at work, which in turn are positively reflected in job performance both quantitatively and qualitatively. Aim of the Study : The study aimed to assess of selected organizational factors (workload, available recourses and manager support) affecting nurses performance in northern region of the West Bank governmental hospitals to improve its current and future performance of professional nurses. Subjects and methods : A quantitative descriptive study utilized stratified random sampling of 185 nurses. A self administered questionnaire was developed with a response rate of 97%. The questionnaire was validated by experts, and reliability was obtained by Cranach’s alpha coefficient was (0.863) Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results : The overall level of selected organizational factors affecting performance of professional nurses was high (74.6 %); the workload rated the highest (79.2 %) among the study dimensions as perceived by nurses, manager support (72.0%), and resources availability (69.8%) . Also it was found that there are significant differences at ? = 0.05 between the total score due to workplace between Thabet Thabet hospital and Rafedia hospital, in favor Rafedia hospitals. Conclusion and recommendation: The findings of this study provide recommendations and suggestions to improve the performance of professional nurses in governmental hospitals such as: managers should ensure adequate number of staff and qualification according to work condition and sufficient number of professional nurse's in the hospital at all times and shifts. Keywords: organizational factors, professional nurse, resources availability, Manager support, Performance.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SPRING RAPESEED GROWN IN COPPER- CONTAMINATED SOIL AMENDED WITH HALLOYSITE AND ZEOLITE

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soil contamination with copper doses of 0, 150, 300, and 450 mg.kg-1 of soil and the application of zeolite, raw and modified halloysite on the biomass of spring rapeseed and the content of nitrogen compounds and macronutrients in the above-ground parts of the tested plants. The content of macronutrients in plants was determined spectrophotometrically. The applied soil amendments and copper doses led to significant variations in the concentrations of the analyzed nutrients in spring rapeseed. Zeolite and halloysite were most effective in increasing the average above-ground biomass of the tested plants. Zeolite had a beneficial effect on the content of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the above-ground parts of spring rapeseed. Raw halloysite increased the content of sodium and calcium, whereas modified halloysite contributed to an increase in the nitrogen, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium content of the tested plants.
Effect of delivery mode on newborns cord blood hematological parameters

Öz Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the mode of delivery on hematological parameters of newborns cord blood. Material and Methods: This a cross-sectional comparative study carried out at Wad Madani Teaching Maternity Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan, from July 2014 to October 2015. 400 pregnant women and their respective newborns were enrolled in the study. Blood was collected before delivery from antecubital fossa of the mothers when admitted for normal vaginal delivery or in labor for elective caesarean section and cord blood was collected by well-experienced midwives. Results: The study revealed the results of red blood cells count, white cells count count neutrophil and monocyte, were found to be higher in newborns cord blood delivered by normal vaginal delivery than those delivered by caesarean section . Mean corpuscular hemoglobin, man corpuscular volume, reticulocyte count and lymphocyte were higher in caesarean section group. Conclusion: The study observed that some complete blood count parameters affected by the mode delivery and other parameters cannot affect.The delivery route had no statistically significant effect on hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, platelet count eosinophil and basophil. Amaç: Bu çalışmada doğum şeklinin yenidoğan kordon kanı hematolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel karşılaştırmalı çalışma, Temmuz 2014'ten Ekim 2015'e kadar Sudan Gezira State'de bulunan Wad Madani Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde, 400 gebe ve yeni doğan bebekleri ile gerçekleştirildi. Normal vajinal doğum yapacak olan annelerin, antekübital fossasından doğumdan önce ya da elektif sezaryen yapan annelerden doğum sırasında, iyi tecrübeli ebeler tarafından kordon kanları toplandı. Sonuç: Bu araştırma normal vajinal doğum ile doğan yenidoğanların kordon kanındaki alyuvar, akyuvar, nötrofil ve monosit sayımlarının sezaryen ile doğanlara göre daha yüksek seviyelerde olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ortalama eritrosit hemoglobini, ortalama eritrosit hacmi, retikülosit sayısı ve lenfosit ise sezaryen grubunda daha yüksekti. Tartışma: Bu çalışma ile doğum şeklinden, bazı tam kan sayımı parametrelerinin etkilendiği ancak diğer parametrelerin etkilenmediği gözlemlendi. Doğum şekli, hemoglobin, hematokrit, ortalama hücre hemoglobin konsantrasyonu, trombosit sayısı eozinofil ve bazofil üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip değildi.
A study on the environmental state of the Caribbean Sea in relation to the rapid intensification of tropical cyclone

Tropical cyclones have the ability to very quickly increase in strength. This process is called rapid intensification and as a result, tropical cyclones can transform into hurricanes. Rapid intensification is related to the availability of heat and the amount of negative feedback of the ocean on the tropical cyclone. Negative feedback results in the weakening of the tropical cyclone. Cyclones passing over a warm ocean anomaly have access to more heat and due to the relatively high temperatures, the amount of negative feedback is reduced considerably. A necessary condition for rapid intensification is therefore the presence of a warm ocean anomaly, often being warm core eddies. This paper relates the rapid intensification of tropical cyclone Matthew to the presence of warm core eddies in the track of Matthew. Results show that there is no extensive evidence found for the presence of a warm core eddy before rapid intensification took place. Although maps of the sea surface height and sea surface temperature indicate the possible existence of a warm core eddy, surface velocities do not show the characteristic rotation flow of an eddy. The enthalpy flux is considerably large just before the rapid intensification of Matthew indicating that the negative feedback by the ocean is reduced and heat is available for transport. The rapid intensification of Matthew might be linked to other physical mechanisms that have been overlooked. Possible mechanisms identified are the Amazon-Orinoco river plume and La Niña. Further studies on the rapid intensification of tropical cyclone Matthew should therefore take into account these mechanisms and study their influence on rapid intensification.
Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp . paratuberculosis in the gastrointestinal tract of shedding cows and its application to laparoscopic biopsy

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a major target for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. a. paratuberculosis) in ca�le. Culture examination was achieved in tissue samples obtained from 10 different regions of the GIT (proximal and distal parts of the duodenum, proximal, middle and distal parts of the jejunum, proximal and distal parts of the ileum, the ileocecal valve, the caecum and the rectum) and their adjacent lymph nodes. The culture results were statistically analysed to elucidate the distribution of M. a. paratuberculosis in the GIT. A total of 63 cows older than 24 months were diagnosed with paratuberculosis by faecal and tissue cultures. The be�er detection rate of M. a. paratuberculosis was found in the mucosae from the jejunum to the ileocecal valve and in the lymph nodes from the jejunum to the caecum. The mean number of colony forming units (CFU) in the mucosae and the lymph nodes of the distal jejunum and the proximal ileum was significantly higher than that in the mucosae of the duodenum, the caecum and the rectum, and in the lymph nodes of the duodenum and the rectum, respectively (P < 0.05). Laparoscopic biopsy a�empted out on 4 animals to test its potential use for sample collection from the statistically optimal mesenteric lymph nodes; but resulted in an abortive a�empt because these targets were encircled by the intestines, the pressure of which complicated the laparoscopic approach.
Chow groups of zero-and one-cycles on schemes over local elds and henselian discrete valuation rings

In this thesis, we study three conjectures by Kerz, Esnault and Wittenberg on restriction maps for relative zero-cycles on smooth projective schemes over henselian discrete valuation rings. The rst two concern base change properties with nite coe cients prime to the residue characteristic of the base for higher zero-cycles and zero-cycles with coe cients in Milnor K-theory. The last one concerns the p-part, i.e. the part not prime to the residue characteristic of the base, and involves studying the deformations of zero-cycles. These conjectures are closely related to conjectures of Colliot-Thélène on the structure of the Chow group of zero-cycles of smooth projective schemes over p-adic local elds. We give evidence for the rst conjecture proving a special case, prove the base change property for zero-cycles with coe cients in Milnor K-theory and give two very di erent proofs of an algebraization theorem for zero-cycles. Für meinen Freund François
The ability of recovery in common carp after nitrite poisoning

The aim of the study was to assess the ability of recovery in common carp after nitrite poisoning and to distinguish the difference in nitrite poisoning of carp at two different chloride concentrations in water. Two groups of carp (group 1 and 2) were exposed to environmental nitrite concentration of 1.45 mmol/l NO 2 - at
Permselectivity limits of biomimetic desalination membranes

Biomimetic desalination membranes could achieve ultraselectivity for water over ions, but not over neutral solutes. Water scarcity and inadequate membrane selectivity have spurred interest in biomimetic desalination membranes, in which biological or synthetic water channels are incorporated in an amphiphilic bilayer. As low channel densities (0.1 to 10%) are required for sufficient water permeability, the amphiphilic bilayer matrix will play a critical role in separation performance. We determine selectivity limits for biomimetic membranes by studying the transport behavior of water, neutral solutes, and ions through the bilayers of lipid and block-copolymer vesicles and projecting performance for varying water channel densities. We report that defect-free biomimetic membranes would have water/salt permselectivities ~108-fold greater than current desalination membranes. In contrast, the solubility-based permeability of lipid and block-copolymer bilayers (extending Overton’s rule) will result in poor rejection of hydrophobic solutes. Defect-free biomimetic membranes thus offer great potential for seawater desalination and ultrapure water production, but would perform poorly in wastewater reuse. Potential strategies to limit neutral solute permeation are discussed.
Efficacy of two methods of intranasal administration of anaesthetic drugs in red-eared terrapins (Trachemys scripta elegans)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of ketamine, dexmedetomidine, atipamezole and alfaxalone delivered by two methods of intranasal administration in terrapins. The two methods were used in 21 healthy adult female red-eared terrapins: (A) with fully extended neck and restrained head, (B) with head hidden inside the shell. Ketamine (10 mg/kg) and dexmedetomidine (0.2 mg/kg) were delivered using a micropipette in the left and the right naris, respectively. Atipamezole (2 mg/kg) was administered 60 minutes later. Heart rate, head withdrawal reflex, palpebral reflex, toe-pinch reflex on the pelvic limb and glottal control enabling the insertion of the tracheal tube were recorded at 10-minute intervals. After a washout period of six months, alfaxalone (5 mg/ kg) was tested. The first measurement in the alfaxalone trial started 5 minutes after the drug was administered and continued at 10-minute intervals. Heart rate decreased significantly in response to both methods of ketamine and dexmedetomidine administration. There were no significant differences between methods in time to loss of reflexes and full recovery of reflexes. Intranasal administration of atipamezole enabled rapid return to full activity. Alfaxalone administration decreased heart rate non-significantly and did not result in loss of evaluated reflexes. Both methods of drug administration of ketamine, dexmedetomidine and atipamezole resulted in a safe form of sedation and recovery. Intranasal administration of 5 mg/kg of alfaxalone was not effective.
Analysis of homodyne crosstalk in optical networks using Gram-Charlier series

Homodyne crosstalk with the same wavelength as the signal causes severe system performance degradation in optical networks by beating with the desired signal. Gaussian approximation is found to overestimate the system degradation. A correction to Gaussian approximation, Gram-Charlier series is used to analyze homodyne crosstalk. Both bit error rate (BER) and power penalty are calculated for multiple homodyne interferers.
Epistemological Beliefs and Opinions on the Nature of Science *

DOI: 10.14812/cuefd.273857 In this study that was conducted to determine science teachers’ and pre-service science teachers’ epistemological beliefs and opinions about the nature of science, the study group constituted of 236 pre-service science teachers and 61 science teachers working in secondary schools. In this study conducted with mixed research pattern, as data collection tools, “ScientificEpistemological Beliefs Survey” and “Perspectives on Scientific Epistemology Scale” were used. As a result of the research, according to findings obtained from “Scientific Epistemological Beliefs Survey,” it was concluded that science teachers and pre-service science teachers have a traditional understanding of science and there was not significant differences between scientific epistemological beliefs among science teachers and pre-service science teachers. According to the findings obtained from “Perspectives on Scientific Epistemology Scale,” it has been revealed that both groups have traditional understanding of science based on positivist paradigm especially towards “source of scientific knowledge, scientific theories and laws”, and non-traditional (contemporary) scientific understanding based on post-positivist paradigm towards “changeable nature of scientific knowledge; nature of scientific knowledge to be based on evidences and observations; observations, inferences and theoretical titles in science; creative nature of scientific knowledge; subjectivity and social and cultural structure of scientific knowledge”.
Use of natural substances for boar semen decontamination

The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity and toxicity for sperm cells of the natural substances gallic acid, methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, propyl gallate, octyl gallate, thymol, carvacrol and eugenol. The antibacterial activity of these natural substances and selected combinations of them against bacte - rial strains isolated from boar ejaculates was determined using the microdilution and macrodilution method in Mueller-Hinton broth. The most effective natural substances against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria included in our study were thymol and carvacrol with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 300-600 µg/ml. Gallic acid exhibited the best antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (MIC values of 300-2400 µg/ml), whereas the ranges of MIC values against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus sp. strains were higher. Octyl gallate exhibited stronger antibacterial activity against staphylococci and enterococci (MIC values of 18.8-75 µg/ml) than against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with MIC values in the ranges of 300-600 µg/ml and 1200-2400 µg/ml, respectively. Thymol combined with carvacrol was the most effective combination against enterococci (MIC values of 75-300 : 150 thymol : carvacrol) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC values of 75-300 : 300 thymol : carvacrol), bacteria which are known to be frequently resistant to antimicrobials. Similar results were determined for the combination of carvacrol and eugenol against staphylococci and enterococci. The results of the combinations revealed more of an additive rather than a synergistic effect. Thymol and carvacrol were the most effective natural substances against the bacteria included in this study, with a low toxicity for sperm cells compared to other substances, suggesting their possible use for boar semen decontamination.
Thermoregulation in a cold-adapted species (Cyren's Rock Lizard, Iberolacerta cyreni): influence of thermal environment and associated costs

Thermal constraints may limit the physiology and behaviour of ectotherms because of the high thermal dependence of metabolic functions. The adaptive mechanisms of thermoregulation and the cost of confronting thermal constraints were studied in the Cyren's Rock Lizard (Iberolacerta cyreni (Muller and Hellmich, 1937)), a lacertid lizard endemic to mountain areas of central Spain. Semicontinuous monitoring of body temperature (Tb) in the laboratory indicated that the preferred temperature range for this population (Tpref) was lower than those found for most lacertid lizards, and field body temperatures of active animals in summer were even lower than Tpref. Overall these results, together with distribution of field operative temperatures (Te), indicate that I. cyreni is an active and relatively accurate thermoregulator, although limited by thermal constraints in their habitat. Laboratory experiments in contrasting thermal environments showed that even under thermally restricted conditions, lizards achieved their Tpref by modifying their thermoregulatory behaviour, principally through changes in space use, basking time, and body posture. However, these behavioural adjustments to reach the Tpref have associated costs, and lizards spent 80% of their time in thermoregulation when tested under low radiation conditions, which in the wild would limit the scope for other activities and eventually increase predation risk. Our results suggest that thermoregulatory behaviour may play an important role in coping with global climate change, hence predictions of the effects of climate warming on lizards inhabiting cold habitats should take into account the buffering role of behavioural thermoregulation.
Using Theory of Mind to investigate empathic engagement with synthetic characters

This paper is concerned with the simulation of human-like capabilities in synthetic characters within the domain of Personal and Social Education. Our aim was to achieve socially meaningful and engaging interactions with children in the 8-12 age group to enable an exploration of bullying and coping strategies. In this paper, we consider the engagement between the interacting partners, focusing particularly on the affective and empathic aspects of this relationship. We have used Theory of Mind to enable us to evaluate children’s understanding of social scenarios and the thinking of others. The results from this 345 children study highlight that children are able to recognise and interpret affect in synthetic characters and are empathically engaged with the characters in the scenarios.