Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cruciferous Vegetables and Risk of Colorectal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evidence shows cruciferous vegetables exhibit chemoprotective properties, commonly attributed to their rich source of isothiocyanates. However, epidemiological data examining the association between cruciferous vegetable intake and colorectal neoplasms have been inconclusive. This meta-analysis examines the epidemiological evidence to characterize the association between cruciferous vegetable intake and risk of developing colorectal neoplasms. Thirty-three articles were included in the meta-analysis after a literature search of electronic databases. Subgroup analysis for individual cruciferae types (n = 8 studies) and GST polymorphism (n = 8 studies) were performed. Pooled adjusted odds ratios (ORs) comparing highest and lowest categories of dietary pattern scores were calculated. Results show a statistically significant inverse association between cruciferous vegetable intake and colon cancer [OR = 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72–0.98; P value heterogeneity < 0.001]. Broccoli in particular exhibited protective benefits against colorectal (CRC) neoplasms (OR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.65–0.99; P value heterogeneity = 0.02). Stratification by GST genotype reveals that the GSTT1 null genotype confers a reduction in CRC risk (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.64–0.95; P value heterogeneity = 0.32). This study provides support to the hypothesis that cruciferous vegetable intake protects against cancer of the colon. This study also demonstrates the significance of gene–diet interactions and the importance of assessing individual cruciferous vegetables.
&agr;1AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Vascular Protective Effects of Exercise

Objective—We investigated whether AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) may be involved in the signaling processes leading to exercise-mediated vascular protection. Methods and Results—The effects of voluntary exercise on AMPK activity, endothelial NO synthase expression and phosphorylation, vascular reactive oxygen species formation, and cell senescence were tested in &agr;1AMPK knockout and corresponding wild-type mice. Exercise significantly improved endothelial function, and increased plasma nitrite production in wild-type mice, associated with an activation of aortic AMPK assessed by its phosphorylation at threonine 172. In addition, regular physical activity resulted in an upregulation of endothelial NO synthase protein, serine 1177 endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation, and an increase of circulating Tie-2+Sca-1+Flk-1+ myeloid progenitor cells. All these changes were absent after &agr;1AMPK deletion. In addition, exercise increased the expression of important regulators of the antioxidative defense including heme oxygenase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor &ggr; coactivator 1&agr;, decreased aortic reactive oxygen species levels, and prevented endothelial cell senescence in an &agr;1AMPK-dependent manner. Conclusion—Intact &agr;1AMPK signaling is required for the signaling events leading to the manifestation of vascular protective effects during exercise. Pharmacological AMPK activation might be a novel approach in the near future to simulate the beneficial vascular effects of physical activity.
Reversibilidad de la relación estímulo-respuesta en condicionamiento clásico

Partiendo de un enfoque eminentemente clasico de la teoria del aprendizaje hemos demostrado la reversibilidad de la relacion e-r en condicionamiento clasico. Ello nos permite afirmar que la relacion entre EC y RC es reversible de forma que una vez establecido el condicionamiento no solo la aparicion del EC aumenta la probabilidad de aparicion de la RC sino que tambien la aparicion de la RC aumenta la probabilidad de aparicion del EC. Entendiendo por supuesto que la relacion RC EC solo se hara efectiva si la RC pasa a tener valor estimular y el EC valor respondente. Pero profundizando en la naturaleza de la relacion EC-RC (relacion de asociacion para los asociacionistas) hemos llegado a la conclusion de que no puede considerarse como algo que opera mecanicamente. Y hemos llegado por tres vias: a) la fuerza de la asociacion E-R depende del marco en que su establecimiento y su medida se den; b) al depurar la variable independiente conforme a los valores extremos de la rde no se mejoran los valores de la variable dependiente y c) parece como si los sujetos respondiesen en la fase de prueba conforme a un esquema previamente organizado y tardasen algunos ensayos en organizarlo.
Prosodic licensing of codas in the acquisition of Spanish

Two case studies are presented of two monolingual Spanish children (ages 1;5 to 2;2 and 1;3 to 2;3) focusing on the acquisition of syllable final consonants, here analyzed as codas. On the basis of target Spanish it is predicted that word final codas should be acquired before word medial codas, because the former are often coronal, i.e., unspecified for Place, and the latter are linked to the following onset, which involves some representational complexity. Moreover, if morphological factors play an important role in early acquisition, final codas, corresponding to plurals and to verbal endings, should be favored over medial codas. The results instead show a clear preference for medial over final codas. Codas of function words, i.e., articles, are favored as well. The analysis shows that these results are due to the prosodic and rhythmic structure of the language and relates syllable development to prosodic and rhythmic development as well as to the development of function words. The preferred foot in adult as well as in early Spanish is the trochee, and many of the function words receive a secondary stress. It is thus argued that a stressed syllable, being the head of a foot, licenses codas in early acquisition. For the two children presented here, prosody paves the way to morphology.
Genetic changes in lung cancer

In an attempt to define the type and temporal sequences of somatic genetic changes that precede the onset of invasive lung cancer, and to search for biological markers useful in screening multiple primary tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract, we have performed a cytogenetic and genetic study using normal bronchial epithelium and primary tumor specimens of 68 patients undergoing pulmonary resection for early stage lung cancer, and normal bronchial epithelium of 5 controls with metastatic sarcomas. Of the 68 lung cancer cases, 31 had a single tumor and 37 displayed multiple synchronous or metachronous tumors. Cytogenetic alterations were observed in 59% (23/39) of the evaluable tumor specimens with complex rearranged karyotypes, particularly involving chromosomes 3 (70%), 17 (39%), 11 (26%), 8, 9, 12 (22%), and 7 (17%). Gene alterations were also detected including overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in 63% (36/57), HER2/NEU in 21% (12/56), and p53 mutations in 50% (12/24). The overall frequency of genetic changes (any type) in the tumors was 76% (52/68). In the normal bronchial mucosa, we identified a rearranged karyotype in 20% of the evaluable cases (13/63); particularly simple rearrangements involving chromosomes 3p (6 cases), 7 (6 cases), 17 (3 cases), 9, 11 (2 cases), 8 (1 case); as well as overexpression of EGFR in 39% (20/51) and of HER2/NEU in 14% (7/51). The overall frequency of genetic changes (any type) in the normal epithelium was 46% (30/65). The presence of a rearranged karyotype in the bronchial mucosa was associated with a rearranged karyotype in the tumor sample. Other statistically significant correlations were found between histopathologic and clinical features and the occurrence of the different cytogenetic and genetic changes both in tumors and in the normal bronchial mucosa. No genetic abnormalities were found in the bronchial epithelium of the 5 controls.
Personal meaning of human papillomavirus and Pap test results in adolescent and young adult women.

OBJECTIVE As new cervical cancer screening recommendations are adopted, more adolescents may learn they are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV). The objective of this study was to explore personal meaning of HPV and Pap test results in adolescent and young adult women. DESIGN The authors recruited sexually active 14- to 21-year-old adolescent girls from an urban teen health center. Participants underwent HPV and Pap testing at baseline and returned 2 weeks later to receive test results and to be interviewed about their responses to test results. The authors analyzed interview transcripts using qualitative methods and developed a conceptual framework to explain participants' responses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Of the 100 participants, 51% were HPV positive and 23% had an abnormal Pap test. Personal meaning was comprised of four core dimensions: labeling of results, perceived risk of HPV-related disease, personal accountability, and anticipated shame or stigma. The association between test result and personal meaning was mediated through cognitive understanding of test results, which in turn was influenced by education about HPV and prior health experiences. CONCLUSION Clinicians who communicate HPV and Pap test results to adolescent girls should provide accurate information in a nonjudgmental manner, take into account adolescents' personal experiences with sexually transmitted infections and cancer, and explore personal meaning of results such as anticipated risk and stigma. In this way, clinicians may be able to minimize adverse psychosocial outcomes while promoting positive reproductive health behaviors.
Effects of Halothane, Enflurane, and Isoflurane on Somatosensory Evoked Potentials during Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia

The effects of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 MAC of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane in 60% nitrous oxide on somatosensory cortical evoked potentials were studied in 30 patients undergoing corrective surgery for scoliosis. The evoked potentials were averaged at the scalp from the electroencephalogram following repeated bilateral posterior tibial nerve stimulation at the ankle. Latencies and amplitudes of the resulting potentials were measured and compared with the post-induction control values. Graded increase in latencies and graded decrease in amplitudes were found with increasing concentrations of all the three agents (P < 0.05), confirming that the effects were dose related. Reductions in amplitudes were more marked than increase in latencies. The authors conclude that, during nitrous oxide-based anesthesia, enflurane, and isoflurane resulted in less alteration of somatosensory cortical evoked potentials than halothane. In conjunction with 60% nitrous oxide, 0.5 and 0.75 MAC of halothane, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 MAC of isoflurane and enflurane, respectively, were found to be compatible with the generation of waves adequate for evaluation.
Long-wavelength strained quantum-well lasers oscillating up to 210/spl deg/C on InGaAs ternary substrates

Long-wavelength InGaAs-InAlGaAs strained quantum-well lasers have been fabricated on In/sub 0.22/Ga/sub 0.78/As ternary substrates grown by the Bridgman method. The threshold current density and lasing wavelength at 20/spl deg/C are 245 A/cm/sup 2/ and 1.226 /spl mu/m, respectively. The device has lased up to 210/spl deg/C, which is the highest operating temperature ever reported for long-wavelength semiconductor lasers. The temperature sensitivity of the slope efficiency between 20/spl deg/C and 120/spl deg/C is only -0.0051 dB/K, showing suppressed carrier overflow owing to deep potential quantum wells. These high-temperature durabilities of this laser are fascinating features for application to optical subscriber and optical interconnection systems.
Cell type‐specific inhibition of p53‐mediated apoptosis by mdm2.

The effect of excess mdm2 on p53‐mediated apoptosis was investigated in two human‐derived cell lines, H1299 and HeLa. In H1299 cells, overexpression of mdm2 resulted in effective protection from apoptosis. This protective effect was seen only under conditions allowing the formation of p53‐Mdm2 complexes. In contrast, excess mdm2 failed to abolish p53‐mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells, despite a complete abrogation of p53‐dependent sequence‐specific transcriptional activation (SST). These data strongly support the contention that SST is dispensable for at least some types of p53‐mediated apoptosis. Further, they suggest that one of the roles of mdm2 may be to modulate the apoptotic activity of p53, in a manner which is dictated by the pathway through which p53 induced apoptosis in a given cell type
No independent association of alanine aminotransferase with risk of future type 2 diabetes in the Hoorn study.

We read with great interest the article by Nannipieri et al. (1), which reported no association between aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or alkaline phosphatase and the 7-year incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, γ-glutamyltransferase was, but ALT was not, a significant predictor of impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. This is, as the authors stated, in contrast to previously published papers that found significant prospective associations of ALT with incident type 2 diabetes after adjustment for obesity, insulin sensitivity, or inflammation (C-reactive protein) (2–4). We studied the …
A novel method to identify differential pathways in uterine leiomyomata based on network strategy

The aim of the present study was to identify differential pathways in uterine leiomyomata (UL) using a novel method based on protein-protein interaction networks and pathway analysis. The pathway networks were constructed by examining the intersections of the Reactome database and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/proteins (STRING) protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The Objective network was defined as the differential expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the interactions identified by STRING. Topological centrality (degree) analysis was performed for the Objective network to explore the hub genes and hub networks. Subsequent to isolating the intersections between the Pathway and Objective networks, randomization tests were conducted to identify the differential pathways. There were 559,598 interactions in the Pathway networks. A total of 657 genes with 3,835 interactions were mapped in the Objective network, which included 20 hub genes. It was identified that 358 pathways demonstrated interaction with the Objective network, such as Signal Transduction, Immune System and Signaling by G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). By accessing the randomization tests, P-values of these pathways were close to 0, which indicated that they were significantly different. The present study successfully identified differential pathways (such as signal transduction, immune system and signaling by GPCR) in UL, which may be potential biomarkers in the detection and treatment of UL.
Chapter 2 Risk Factors and Screening for Colorectal Cancer

Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) involves consideration of only a patient’s age and their family history of CRC [1, 2], but there are other risk factors which can potentially affect screening. This section will examine known risk factors and how some of these can affect one’s risk and subsequent screening for CRC. Other factors such as personal and family history of colorectal neoplasia as well as aspirin and other chemo-preventative agents will be discussed elsewhere. This section will serve as an overview of the various factors and the respective studies that examine their association with CRC as well as advanced adenomas. Age has been shown to be one of the strongest predictors of CRC [3] and will not be discussed as there is little debate as to the importance of this factor. In addition, this chapter will examine the modifiable risk factors since this is where clinicians can help patients to reduce their risk of CRC. A study by Platz et al. demonstrated that over two thirds of CRC may be preventable in men [4].
Stakeholders' expectations of mobile payment in retail: lessons from Sweden

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the reasons behind the slow adoption of mobile payment services. The expectations of the main groups of stakeholders – the mobile service providers, the retailers, and the consumers – of the service in the retail industry in Sweden are examined. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a qualitative case study of stakeholders’ expectations. The conceptual research framework is based on the theory of diffusion of innovations, the technology adoption model, and network externalities. The proposed framework was tested and validated by empirical findings. Findings – One of the key findings of the research highlights that acceptance of a mobile payment service depends on the ability of mobile payment providers to build networks of both retailers and consumers simultaneously. The service will attract these stakeholders if it meets their expectations in the best possible way. Another finding is that mobile payment services do not meet expectations on an enha.
Corporate Entrepreneurship: Linking Strategic Roles to Multiple Dimensions of Performance

Using data from a large European financial services firm which engaged in an entrepreneurial initiative to enhance its competitiveness, this paper explores the strategic role of middle managers in the context of corporate entrepreneurship and its link to multiple dimensions of performance. The findings indicate that middle managers’ role can be decomposed along four reliable and stable dimensions that are consistent with those suggested by the literature. Building on a stakeholder approach, the paper relates the identified roles to multiple dimensions of performance, namely to financial performance, customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction. Canonical correlation analysis –a useful and powerful method to explore relations among multidimensional variables– indicates a significant but weak relationship.
Identification and Characterization of the ARIADNEGene Family in Arabidopsis. A Group of Putative E3 Ligases1

ARIADNE (ARI) proteins were recently identified in fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster), mouse, and man because of their specific interaction with the ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzymes UbcD10, UbcM4, UbcH7, and UbcH8. They are characterized by specific motifs and protein structures that they share with PARKIN, and there is increasing evidence that ARI/PARKIN proteins function as E2-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligases. On the basis of homology and motif searches, 16 AtARI genes were identified in Arabidopsis. Analysis of the position of exons/introns and their chromosomal localization indicates that the AtARI gene family expanded via larger and smaller genome duplications. We present evidence that retroposition of processed mRNA may have also contributed to enlarging this gene family. Phylogenetic analyses divides the AtARI proteins into three subgroups. Two groups are absent in yeast, invertebrates, and vertebrates and may therefore represent new plant-specific subfamilies. Examination of the predicted protein sequences revealed that the ARI proteins share an additional leucine-rich region at the N terminus that is highly conserved in all phyla analyzed. Furthermore, conserved consensus signals for casein kinase II-dependent phosphorylation and for nuclear localization were identified. The in silico-based analyses were complemented with experimental data to quantify expression levels. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, we show that theARI genes are differentially transcribed.AtARI1 is highly expressed in all organs, whereas no transcripts could be detected for AtARI11,AtARI13, and AtARI14.AtARI12 and AtARI16 are expressed in an organ-specific manner in the roots and siliques, respectively.
CD 4 T-Cell Suppression by Cells from Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Retinas Is Mediated by Surface Protein PD-L 1

CD4 T-Cell Suppression by Cells from Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Retinas Is Mediated by Surface Protein PD-L1 Elizabeth Charles,† Sunil Joshi,† John D. Ash, Barbara A. Fox, A. Darise Farris, David J. Bzik, Mark L. Lang, and Ira J. Blader* Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, and Arthritis and Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
The Vibratory Perception Threshold in Young Diabetic Patients: Associations with Glycemia and Puberty

The vibratory perception threshold, an indicator of sensory neuropathy, was measured in young type I diabetic patients (N = 55) and nondiabetic control subjects (N = 34) of similar age. Values were significantly higher in the diabetic patients (P < 0.01), and 20% had values > that of any control subject. This difference was most marked among those postpubertal and persisted with allowances for age and gender in an analysis of covariance. Although the vibratory perception threshold was not related to hemoglobin A1 in younger diabetic patients (Tanner stage < 5), there was a highly significant positive relationship in postpubertal patients (r = 0.72, P < 0.001). There were also associations of the vibratory perception threshold with age in diabetic and control subjects (r = 0.44 and r = 0.43, respectively, P < 0.01 for both) and with diabetes duration (r = 0.36, P < 0.01). These data indicate that vibratory perception threshold abnormalities occur early in the course of type I diabetes mellitus; however, they are more evident in those patients who are postpubertal. In addition, they suggest that the association between the vibratory perception threshold and glycemia may be modified by developmental factors.
New parallel MDC FFT processor with efiicient scheduling scheme

This paper presents a multi-path delay commutator (MDC) FFT processor for high-speed. The proposed FFT processor can achieve a high throughput by using a parallel datapath scheme and a multi-path delay commutator structure. The proposed processor can provide a low hardware complexity and an efficient scheduling scheme of complex multiplications. The proposed efficient scheduling scheme can reduce the number of complex multipliers from 8 to 6 without increasing delay and computation cycles. The proposed FFT processor has been designed and implemented with a 90nm CMOS technology. The proposed eight-parallel FFT processor can provide a throughput rate of up to 2.7 Gsample/s at 338 MHz.
The Interplay Between Prosodic Structure and Coarticulation

In this paper we draw on a linguistic model of prosodic structure and a task-dynamic model of speech gestures to account for the interplay of coarticulation and stress in English. We reinterpret results from two experiments in which articulator movements were recorded for utterances varying in pitch accent placement. In the first experiment, jaw kinematics were studied in post-nuclear unaccented and nuclear accented [pap] syllables. The kinematic patterns suggested that gestures in syllables with greater stress (nuclear accented) show less coarticulatory overlap. By contrast, the vowel's low jaw target is undershot in unaccented syllables. Two hypotheses are possible. Either the jaw is lower in stressed syllables so more energy can radiate from the mouth (“sonority expansion”) or the jaw is lower to help distinguish the low vowel from other vowels (“hyperarticulation”). Another experiment differentiates the two hypotheses by examining tongue point positions in [put] preceding a [Ö]. In the more stressed syllables, the tongue dorsum retracts more, likely to make a more distinct back vowel. Also, the amount of assimilation of the alveolar stop to the following dental is reduced. Both results suggest hyperarticulation rather than sonority expansion. Thus, it seems that coarticulation is reduced in stressed syllables, because stressed syllables are hyperarticulated.