Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From core/shell to hollow Fe/γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles: evolution of the magnetic behavior

High quality Fe/γ-Fe2O3 core/shell, core/void/shell, and hollow nanoparticles with two different sizes of 8 and 12 nm were synthesized, and the effect of morphology, surface and finite-size effects on their magnetic properties including the exchange bias (EB) effect were systematically investigated. We find a general trend for both systems that as the morphology changes from core/shell to core/void/shell, the magnetization of the system decays and inter-particle interactions become weaker, while the effective anisotropy and the EB effect increase. The changes are more drastic when the nanoparticles become completely hollow. Noticeably, the morphological change from core/shell to hollow increases the mean blocking temperature for the 12 nm particles but decreases for the 8 nm particles. The low-temperature magnetic behavior of the 12 nm particles changes from a collective super-spin-glass system mediated by dipolar interactions for the core/shell nanoparticles to a frustrated cluster glass-like state for the shell nanograins in the hollow morphology. On the other hand for the 8 nm nanoparticles core/shell and hollow particles the magnetic behavior is more similar, and a conventional spin glass-like transition is obtained at low temperatures. In the case of the hollow nanoparticles, the coupling between the inner and outer spin layers in the shell gives rise to an enhanced EB effect, which increases with increasing shell thickness. This indicates that the morphology of the shell plays a crucial role in this kind of exchange-biased systems.
An Investigation of Cultural Influence on Perceptions of Abusive Supervision

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of culture on abusive supervision perceptions in the hospitality industry. To set the stage for this investigation, the literature review concentrates on abusive supervision (Tepper, 2000) and culture using Hofstede's constructs (Hofsetde, 2001). The proposed methodology for this study will be discussed. The assumption is that culture will influence perceptions of abusive supervision.
The Carboxyl Terminus of the Gα-Subunit Is the Latch for Triggered Activation of Heterotrimeric G Proteins

The receptor-mimetic peptide D2N, derived from the cytoplasmic domain of the D2 dopamine receptor, activates G protein α-subunits (Gi and Go) directly. Using D2N, we tested the current hypotheses on the mechanism of receptor-mediated G protein activation, which differ by the role assigned to the Gβγ-subunit: 1) a receptor-prompted movement of Gβγ is needed to open up the nucleotide exit pathway (“gear-shift” and “lever-arm” model) or 2) the receptor first engages Gβγ and then triggers GDP release by interacting with the carboxyl (C) terminus of Gα (the “sequential-fit” model). Our results with D2N were compatible with the latter hypothesis. D2N bound to the extreme C terminus of the α-subunit and caused a conformational change that was transmitted to the switch regions. Hence, D2N led to a decline in the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, increased the guanine nucleotide exchange rate, and modulated the Mg2+ control of nucleotide binding. A structural alteration in the outer portion of helix α5 (substitution of an isoleucine by proline) blunted the stimulatory action of D2N. This confirms that helix α5 links the guanine nucleotide binding pocket to the receptor contact site on the G protein. However, neither the α-subunit amino terminus (as a lever-arm) nor Gβγ was required for D2N-mediated activation; conversely, assembly of the Gαβγ heterotrimer stabilized the GDP-bound species and required an increased D2N concentration for activation. We propose that the receptor can engage the C terminus of the α-subunit to destabilize nucleotide binding from the “back side” of the nucleotide binding pocket.
Vibration energy harvesters on plastic foil by lamination of PZT thick sheets

This paper presents a low-complexity and low temperature (85°C) fabrication process for vibration energy harvesters. The process employs lamination steps to transfer thinned PZT thick sheets onto flexible polymeric substrates, using dry film photoresist. The influence of geometrical parameters on the device performance were assessed by FEM simulations (using COMSOL) and supported by experiments. Optimization of the output power was performed by modifying the neutral plane within the device and by using a localized seismic mass at the tip, which has resulted in an output power of 30 μW at 52 Hz and an acceleration of 1g. Finally, a low-complexity and fully polymeric package is proposed, which together with the harvester process are compatible with large area fabrication methods.
Diet Studies of Seabirds: A Review of Methods

Methods of collecting, analysing and presenting data on the diets of seabirds are reviewed, with consideration of methods employed in diet studies of other organisms. Killing of birds continues to be the primary source of dietary information from birds at sea but is no longer necessary for studies on land. Stomach pumps obtain complete stomach evacuation with low mortality. Stomach samples should be examined as soon as possible after collection, to avoid biases caused by preservation. Presentation of data is best done by rank-order to facilitate comparison between studies, but as many data should be provided as possible. Future work on diets will be strengthened through knowledge of digestion rates and nutritional values of food.
Compréhension des mécanismes de formation des gouttes en émulsification membranaire assistée par vibrations transversales

Dans certaines conditions, une baisse significative de la taille des gouttes se produit en emulsification membranaire avec vibrations transversales. Pour comprendre les mecanismes impliques, nous avons developpe deux dispositifs experimentaux, dans lesquels une goutte unique est formee a travers un capillaire dans une phase externe, qui est soit stationnaire, soit en ecoulement. Le capillaire peut etre mis en vibration parallelement a son axe.Lorsque la phase externe est stationnaire, au-dela d’une amplitude seuil de forcage, la taille des gouttes formees diminue significativement. La goutte entre en resonance quand sa frequence propre coincide avec la frequence de forcage et elle se detache si elle atteint une elongation critique. La goutte est modelisee comme un oscillateur harmonique lineaire force. Un terme d’amortissement additionnel decrit la dissipation visqueuse entre la goutte et la surface du capillaire. Ce modele predit bien les amplitudes seuils et les diametres de gouttes.Lorsque la phase externe s’ecoule, nous avons etudie deux regimes de formation de gouttes, en goutte a goutte (dripping) ou a partir d’un jet (jetting). Experimentalement, la transition du dripping au jetting se produit a un nombre de Weber interne seuil, dont la valeur depend des nombres capillaire et d’Ohnesorge externes. Le jet se retrecit (narrowing) ou s’elargit (widening) selon le rapport de vitesses des phases choisi. En dripping, les diametres de gouttes sont bien predits par un bilan des moments. En jetting, un modele base sur l’equation du mouvement permet d’estimer la vitesse critique permettant la transition au jetting et les diametres de gouttes resultants.
Baby Ears: a recognition system for affective vocalizations

We collected more than 500 utterances from adults talking to their infants. We automatically classified 65% of the strongest utterances correctly as approval, attentional bids, or prohibition. We used several pitch and formant measures, and a multidimensional Gaussian mixture-model discriminator to perform this task. As previous studies have shown, changes in pitch are an important cue for affective messages; we found that timbre or cepstral coefficients are also important. The utterances of female speakers, in this test, were easier to classify than were those of male speakers. We hope this research will allow us to build machines that sense the "emotional state" of a user.
Long-term follow-up in patients with CCFDN syndrome

Objective: We describe the 10-year follow-up in a cohort of 16 patients with genetically confirmed congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism, and neuropathy (CCFDN) syndrome, providing new insights in the clinical course of the disease. Methods: We performed a detailed clinical and paraclinical characterization and 10-year follow-up study in 16 patients with molecularly defined CCFDN syndrome, illustrating that CCFDN is a severe disabling disorder. Results: All patients initially presented with congenital cataracts along with strabismus, facial dysmorphism, short stature, and demyelinating neuropathy. In all patients, paresis of small hand muscles and foot extensors worsened with disease progression, while ataxia scores remained stable or improved. Nerve conduction velocity was normal in early infancy up to 18 months, decreased to approximately 20 m/s around age 10 years, and then remained stable; distal motor latency was prolonged. Sensory nerve conduction velocities were slowed, and initially of normal amplitude. With disease progression, both sensory and motor nerves showed reduction of amplitudes indicating axonal loss. In 6 patients, acute severe proximal weakness and myalgia after febrile infections, along with rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria, and hyperCKemia, led to a less favorable outcome and permanent loss of ambulation in 3 patients. Conclusions: CCFDN should be classified as a recessive demyelinating sensory-motor neuropathy, and axonal loss is a major determinant of long-term outcomes and disability. Patients benefit from early and ongoing physiotherapy, and should be thoroughly counseled regarding virus-triggered rhabdomyolysis and the risk of malignant hyperthermia. Whether supplementation with liposoluble vitamins results in a therapeutic benefit should be evaluated in further studies.
Electromagnetic modeling and characterization of anisotropic ferrite materials for microwave Isolators/Circulators

Les circulateurs et les isolateurs a ferrite sont couramment utilises dans l’electronique hyperfrequence en raison de leur forte resistivite electrique et de leur aimantation spontanee elevee. La conception et l’optimisation des dispositifs micro-ondes a ferrites necessitent d’une part la connaissance de leurs proprietes dynamiques, permittivite complexe et tenseur de permeabilite, et d’autre part le controle de la propagation de l’onde electromagnetique (EM) qui conditionne leurs performances. Les logiciels commerciaux de simulation utilisent differents modeles theoriques pour decrire le tenseur de permeabilite en fonction de l’etat d’aimantation. Cependant la plupart de ces simulateurs EM restent limites a des etats particuliers d’aimantation en raison des hypotheses simplificatrices des modeles de permeabilite utilises. Dans ce travail de these, nous presentons un outil predictif pour l’etude des proprietes EM des ferrites quel que soit leur etat d’aimantation et qui tient compte de l’inhomogeneite des champs internes de polarisation. Cette modelisation combine des techniques experimentales de determination des parametres physiques des ferrites et un modele theorique qui utilise ces parametres pour decrire le comportement dynamique des ferrites quel que soit l’etat d’aimantation. Dans la premiere partie de la these nous presentons une methode large bande en ligne coaxiale pour la mesure du coefficient d’amortissement. Les parametres S theoriques sont calcules a partir d’une analyse EM (probleme direct) de la cellule de mesure. Pour le probleme inverse, une optimisation numerique a ete developpee pour calculer le coefficient d’amortissement (α) par comparaison des parametres S calcules avec ceux mesures. Dans la seconde partie de la these, nous presentons un outil theorique de modelisation EM qui combine une analyse magnetostatique, un modele du tenseur de permeabilite generalise (GPT) et le simulateur Ansys HFSSTM. La majorite des parametres d’entree comme l’aimantation a saturation ou le champ d’anisotropie peuvent etre mesures a l’aide de techniques standards de caracterisation statique. Seul le parametre dynamique, le coefficient d’amortissement, est determine a l’aide de la technique en ligne coaxiale proposee dans la premiere partie de la these. L’outil theorique developpe est ensuite valide par la modelisation et la realisation d’un circulateur micro-ruban a jonction Y. Grâce a la prise en compte de l’inhomogeneite des champs internes de polarisation, l’outil theorique propose permet de mieux predire le comportement dynamique des dispositifs a ferrites et cela pour tout etat d’aimantation.
The psychiatric intensive care unit--an in-hospital treatment of violent adult patients.

Within the past decade, changing mores within society, as well as involuntary commitment procedures, largely determined by "dangerousness," have resulted in greater numbers of patients who perform violent acts both in and out of the psychiatric hospitals. Such patients usually find their way to the state hospital, because most facilities are not geared to handle such behavior. Professionals are understandably uncomfortable with discharging assaultive patients resorting to state hospital transfer for further care and the deterioration of urban areas, where psychiatric beds are in shortage, leads to greater numbers of violent patients who have no place to go except the state hospital. In New York State, a legislative committee recently found that more than 12,000 violent incidents occurred each year throughout all twenty-eight of the State psychiatric centers. This committee recommended that "regularly violent patients" should be removed to more restrictive and secure surroundings in order to assure the safety of other withdrawn, harmless patients. 10 In addition, the matter of employee safety was spotlighted in five issues of the State civil service newspaper. 9 Within these contexts, the intensive care unit concept has evolved. This paper will describe one such unit that has been in operation for the past six years.
Failure of E. coli K‐12 to transport PhoE‐LacZ hybrid proteins out of the cytoplasm.

A phoE‐lacZ hybrid gene encoding the N‐terminal 300 amino acid residues of pre‐PhoE protein, fused to an almost complete beta‐galactosidase molecule was constructed in vitro. Cell fractionation experiments suggested that the hybrid gene product is transported to the outer membrane. However, by using immuno‐cytochemical labelling on ultra‐thin cryosections it was shown that the hybrid protein accumulated in the cytoplasm. Thus, it appears that: (i) data on the localization of hybrid proteins merely based on cell fractionation experiments are not reliable, and (ii) either the C‐terminal 15% of PhoE protein contain information which is essential for transport, or PhoE‐LacZ hybrid proteins can never be transported out of the cytoplasm. The implications of these results for current models on the translocation of outer membrane proteins are discussed.
The Two Faces of Memory Retrieval

Does retrieval of a specific memory affect recollection of related memories? For instance, does selective remembering of part of a traumatic experience, or part of an incidentally observed crime, affect memory for other details of the event? Casual subjective experience suggests that memory retrieval can improve recollection of related memories. When one is talking with a friend about a common, long-forgotten vaca-tion, remembering a first piece of the event often initiates a chain of retrieval processes, along which more and more of the seemingly forgotten memory is recollected. However, this subjective experience contrasts with scientific experiments that have demonstrated that selective remembering typically impairs recollection of related material (for reviews, see Anderson, 2003; Bauml, 2008; Roediger & Neely, 1982). Here, we show that selective memory retrieval can both impair and improve related memories, suggesting the existence of two faces of memory retrieval.The subjectively experienced, beneficial effects of retrieval often pertain to outdated memories, whereas the scientifically observed, detrimental effects of retrieval typically pertain to more current memories (e.g., Anderson, 2003). We therefore examined whether the effects of selective memory retrieval depend on the memory status of the encoded material, being beneficial for outdated memories but detrimental for more current memories. To test this proposal, we employed a directed-forgetting task and examined the effects of selective memory retrieval on to-be-remembered and to-be-forgotten material. Participants were given two item lists to study. After studying the first list, they received a cue to either forget or continue remembering the items on that list (e.g., Bjork, 1989). They were then instructed to study the second list. Later, mem-ory for predefined target items from the first list was tested. Before target recall, part of the list’s remaining items were selectively retrieved (in all but one condition).
TWO TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR HUMAN REGULAR U-500 INSULIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES NOT ACHIEVING ADEQUATE GLYCEMIC CONTROL ON HIGH-DOSE U-100 INSULIN THERAPY WITH OR WITHOUT ORAL AGENTS: A RANDOMIZED, TITRATION-TO-TARGET CLINICAL TRIAL.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of 2 dosing regimens for human regular U-500 insulin (U-500R, 500 units/mL) replacing high-dose U-100 insulins with or without oral antihyperglycemic drugs in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS We conducted a 24-week, open-label, parallel trial in 325 patients (demographics [means]: age, 55.4 years; diabetes duration, 15.2 years; body mass index, 41.9 kg/m(2); glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], 8.7%; U-100 insulin dose, 287.5 units administered in 5 injections/day [median; range, 2 to 10]). Patients were randomized to thrice-daily (TID, n = 162) or twice-daily (BID, n = 163) U-500R after a 4-week lead-in period. The primary outcome was HbA1c change from baseline. RESULTS After 24 weeks, both treatments demonstrated significant HbA1c reductions (TID, -1.12%; BID, -1.22%; both, P<.001) and clinical equivalence (difference, -0.10%; 95% confidence interval, -0.33 to 0.12%; noninferiority margin, 0.4%). Comparable increases in total daily U-500R dose (TID, 242.7 to 343.1 units; BID, 249.0 to 335.0 units) were observed. Incidence and rate of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dL) were lower for TID versus BID (P = .003 and P = .02, respectively); severe hypoglycemia was similar between treatments. Weight gain was similar in both groups (TID, 5.4 kg; BID, 4.9 kg). CONCLUSION Initiation and titration of U-500R using either algorithm (TID or BID) improves glycemic control effectively and safely with fewer injections in patients with T2D treated with high-dose/high-volume U-100 insulin. These results provide clinicians with a practical framework for using U-500R in severely insulin-resistant patients with suboptimally controlled T2D.
Αντιλήψεις και στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών για τη συμπεριληπτική εκπαίδευση των μαθητών/ριών με Διαταραχές Αυτιστικού Φάσματος (ΔΑΦ): Μια βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση

Οι eρeυνητές πραγματοποίησαν μια ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας για τις αντιλήψeις και στάσeις των eκπαιδeυτικών για την ένταξη των μαθητών/ριών μe Διαταραχές Αυτιστικού Φάσματος (ΔΑΦ). Για να βρουν τις σχeτικές μe το θέμα έρeυνeς διeξήγαγαν αναζήτηση στις βάσeις δeδομένων ERIC , PsychLIT , EBSCO , Medline , και PubMed μe τις λέξeις-κλeιδιά «Eκπαιδeυτικοί», «Αντιλήψeις», «Στάσeις», και «Παιδιά μe Αυτισμό». Από την αναζήτηση βρέθηκαν 55 eρeυνητικά άρθρα, μeταπτυχιακές και διδακτορικές διατριβές σχeτικά μe το θέμα τους. Τα αποτeλέσματα έδeιξαν ότι η πλeιοψηφία των eκπαιδeυτικών έχeι πeριορισμένη ή ανeπαρκή γνώση και βασικές παρανοήσeις σχeτικά μe τις Διαταραχές Αυτιστικού Φάσματος. Eπίσης, οι eκπαιδeυτικοί eίχαν αρνητικές στάσeις απέναντι στην ένταξη των μαθητών/ριών μe αυτισμό. Από την άλλη πλeυρά, λιγότeροι/eς eκπαιδeυτικοί φάνηκe ότι έχουν θeτικές στάσeις στην ένταξη αυτών των μαθητών/ριών. Ένα μeγάλο ποσοστό των eκπαιδeυτικών φάνηκe να έχeι διαφορeτικές στάσeις/απόψeις για τον αυτισμό. Eπιπλέον, η ανασκόπηση έδeιξe ότι μeρικοί/ές eκπαιδeυτικοί τeίνουν να έχουν ουδέτeρeς στάσeις προς την ένταξη αυτής της ομάδας μαθητών/ριών. Eπιπλέον, αρκeτοί/ές eκπαιδeυτικοί αντιλαμβάνονται τους/τις μαθητές/ριeς μe αυτισμό διαφορeτικά από τους/τις τυπικά αναπτυσσόμeνους/eς μαθητές/τριeς. Η έρeυνα αυτή υποδeικνύeι ότι οι eκπαιδeυτικοί πρέπeι να λάβουν πeρισσότeρη κατάρτιση για τον αυτισμό και τις αποτeλeσματικές eκπαιδeυτικές πρακτικές για αυτούς/ές τους/τις μαθητές/ριeς. Μe αυτόν τον τρόπο, οι ίδιοι/eς θα αναπτύξουν θeτικές στάσeις προς την eκπαιδeυτική ένταξη αυτών των μαθητών/ριών.
Hyperparasitism in Amblyomma rotundatum (Acari: Ixodidae)

In the present study, we report a case of hyperparasitism in Amblyomma rotundatum. During examination of live ticks immediately after collecting them from Boa constrictor snakes held in a reptile facility in Mossoró, RN, northeastern Brazil, 1 unengorged tick female was seen attached to the venter of a partially engorged female. The hypostome and chelicerae of the unengorged female had penetrated the integument of the partially engorged female to the level of the basis capitulli and the palps were splayed outward. To our knowledge, we present the second report of hyperparasitism for the genus Amblyomma.
Activation and Disturbance of Blood Haemostasis Following Strenuous Physical Exercise

Physical exercise activates blood coagulation and enhances fibrinolytic activity. To investigate whether these activations of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis are balanced post-exercise and during the period of recovery, 11 moderately active young men were examined immediately after a standardised cycle ergometer test and during the 24 h period of recovery. Blood samples were obtained at rest, immediately after exercise, and 2, 6 and 24 h after exercise. All post-exercise values were corrected for any change in plasma volume. Exercise induced a significant increase in factor VIII activity and this occurred with a significant shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time. A concomitant enhancement of tissue plasminogen activity resulted in significant increases in tissue plasminogen activity antigen and total fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products, and a significant decrease in tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity. Increases in coagulation and fibrinolytic activity changed in parallel during exercise. However, during recovery, while the increase in factor VIII activity post-exercise persisted 2 and 6 h into recovery, fibrinolytic activity demonstrated a sharp fall. It is concluded that whereas the enhanced fibrinolytic activity during exercise appears to counterbalance the increase in blood coagulability, this haemostatic balance is not maintained during recovery. This perturbed blood haemostasis could constitute an enhanced risk for coronary artery thrombosis and may contribute to exercise-related cardiovascular events.
Relationship between age and spontaneous ventilation during intravenous anesthesia in children

Background: Maintaining spontaneous ventilation in children, using total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), is often desirable, particularly for airway endoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on the dose of remifentanil tolerated during spontaneous ventilation under anesthesia maintained with infusions of propofol and remifentanil and to provide guidelines for the administration of remifentanil and propofol to maintain spontaneous ventilation in children.