Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Google Triggers the Behavior of its Users

With this contribution we would like to explore if Google’s new style guides on their search engine result pages count for a more liberal competition on electronic information markets. To get empirical evidence on this research question a two stage experimental eye tracking study was conducted. On the first stage the attention and selection behavior of 20 participants on ‘universal search’ engine result pages was recorded and published (Möller & Schierl, 2012). On the second stage 35 participants took part in a follow-up study in 2013 and were confronted with different pages of search results taken from Google’s proposal to the European Commission. The results reveal that the implemented visual markers by Google weigh heavily in favour of Google’s own services and considering this will have a negative effect on the liberal competition with other providers of online information.
Understanding Additional Tier 1 CoCo Bond Prices using First-Passage Time Models

Under new capital requirements, CoCo bonds can belong to the Additional Tier 1 (AT1) capital category under strict conditions. These conditions give rise to the risk of coupon can- cellation and the risk of extension beyond call dates. This study proposes two first passage- time approaches to price AT1 conversion-to-equity CoCos: a structural model adapted to AT1 CoCo pricing, and a direct model for the triggering CET1 ratio. Both models include coupon cancel risk and extension risk by setting two extra thresholds for the CET1 ratio. This study contributes to the literature by being the first to include these risk factors to first passage-time models, and one of the few to calibrate its parameters to data not including market observed CoCo prices. We find that coupon cancel and extension risk have significant impact on a CoCo’s risk profile, both driving its price down. Furthermore, we find that both models over- price CoCos for realistic values of the thresholds. This may be caused by: (i) the absence of extra downward pressure following coupon cancellation, extension, or conversion; and (ii) the absence of the risk of regulatory forced conversions. These factors provide interesting oppor- tunities for further research.
Using Smart Meters for Household Water Consumption Feedback: Knowns and Unknowns

A range of adaptive strategies are needed to mitigate the growing threats to water security. Demand management will play a central role in adaptation. The proliferation of smart metering provides a means for utilities to better quantify end user demand, and to provide consumption feedback to consumers in (near) real-time. Such feedback can help close the gap between perceived and actual water consumption. However, relatively few studies have considered the effectiveness of feedback in promoting water saving behavior. This paper evaluates the evidence for the effectiveness of water consumption feedback technology in promoting water saving behavior. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of WDSA 2014.
Balance asymmetry properties evaluation for people who are more and less likely to suffer from trauma

More and more people suffer from trauma and it depends on the functional movement, balance characteristics. Balance management is based on the interaction of the systems of skeletal muscles and nerves and it is important to know what the reason of traumas is for people who are more or less likely to suffer from trauma. The aim of our research was to determine the balance characteristics asymmetry properties for people who are more and less likely to suffer from trauma. The study involved 382 people aged 18-24 years. The study consisted of functional movement and balance evaluation. Seven functional movements were assessed as per the G. Cook’s criteria and according to this the subjects were divided into groups. The balance was tested on the Libra balance platform. Results obtained during the study demonstrate the feasibility of presented testing methodology to access individual peculiarities and to evaluate of effects of exercise training program. Participants who are less likely to suffer from trauma have a better balance in the frontal and sagittal planes, while they are standing with both legs with open or closed eyes on an unstable balance platform.
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) overseeding on mature switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) stand: biomass yield and nutritive value after the establishment year

Perennial crops can positively act on the environment providing a better inter-annual protection of soil cover from water erosion, limiting soil fertility degradation, the risk of nutrient leaching and the exploitation of water for irrigation. Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.), a warm-season grass native from North America, has been cultivated for decades as forage crop and only recently as bioenergy crop. Even if several studies reported a positive effect of nitrogen (N) supply on switchgrass yield and quality, potential indirect and direct environmental risks ( e.g ., eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission) are related to this practice. For this reason grass-legume intercropping can represent a sustainable practice able to increase biomass yield and quality, and at the same time to improve N use efficiency, soil structure and fertility. Based on this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of switchgrass to Mediterranean environment as forage crop and to improve biomass yield and its nutritional value by intercropping with alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L). During spring 2013, in two switchgrass pure stands (varieties Alamo and Blackwell, respectively), alfalfa was established through direct seeding implementing a split-plot experimental design. Our first year results report a positive effect of the intercropping in increasing the total annual yield of the stand, of about 20% with respect to the pure switchgrass stand. However, the presence of alfalfa negatively affected switchgrass yield in the mixture. In both varieties, the crude protein content was higher in the mixture than in the pure switchgrass stands. Conversely, the neutral detergent fibre content in the mixture was lower than in pure switchgrass. Then, our results show that switchgrass-alfalfa intercropping leads to increase the profitability of grassland-based livestock production.
Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic

Major climate changes are underway in the Canadian Arctic, but our ability to monitor and predict their impact on faunal community structure is hindered by the lack of baseline diversity data. This study combined megabenthic community data sampled at 78 stations from 2007 to 2011 across the Western and Eastern Canadian Arctic biogeographic units. These large biogeographic units were divided into five geographical regions to provide regional estimates of observed and predicted taxon richness. We did not detect a strong regional difference in benthic community characteristics, observing only a lower richness in the Amundsen Gulf region than in the neighboring Beaufort Sea region. The Amundsen Gulf region had the highest turnover (beta) diversity, coincident with high environmental heterogeneity. The strong and distinctive presence in the Beaufort Sea region of Saduria spp. , a euryhaline isopod, demonstrated the particular influence of the Mackenzie River on the community composition of that region. Our analysis showed that in various regions, about 34% to 59% of megabenthic taxa in Canadian Arctic waters are still to be documented. This study provides useful baseline data for both national and pan-Arctic evaluations of benthic diversity in the Arctic Ocean.
Macropsis mendax as a vector of elm yellows phytoplasma of Ulmus species

A 3-year study was carried out in north-east Italy, the site of recent elm yellows epidemics, to identify vectors for the elm yellows phytoplasma. Using PCR analysis, Ulmus minor and Ulmus pumila , each with and without symptoms, were positive for the elm yellows phytoplasma. Macropsis mendax , a univoltine and monophagous leafhopper, was shown to be the vector of the elm yellows-associated disease agent. PCR analyses demonstrated that the insect was infected both in natural conditions and in the screenhouse after acquisition-feeding on infected elm plants. Groups of M. mendax , collected from naturally infected elm trees, transmitted elm yellows phytoplasma to elm test plants. In nature, Alnus glutinosa trees affected by alder yellows were found in the surroundings of yellows-affected elm trees; the associated disease agent of alder yellows was transmitted under controlled conditions from alder to elm test plants by grafting.
Properties of bb̄ Production at the Tevatron

We present a number of recent results obtained at the Fermilab Tevatron for b b production in p p interactions. The preliminary CDF and D measurements of the inclusive b-quark production cross section at p s = 630 GeV are compared with the UA1 results and the next-to-leading order QCD predictions. These results are used to compute the ratio of the cross sections at 630 GeV to 1800 GeV. The CDF results on the B meson di erential cross section and b baryon production and decay properties at p s = 1800 GeV are also presented. Talk given at the XXXIInd Rencontres de Moriond, \QCD and High Energy Interactions", March 22{29, 1997, Les Arcs, France
Understanding the Customer Journey to Create Excellent Customer Experiences in Bookshops

This study investigates the customer journey and identifies the drivers of excellent customer experience in bookshops. Five research methodsiain-depth interview, focus group, participant observation, Zaltman metaphors elicitation technique, and collective stereographic photo essayiawere run on eleven Italian bookshops involving more than 1 100 individuals overall. The contribution of this study is twofold. First, it illustrates the process to adopt when mapping the customer journey and analyzing the customer experience. Specifically, it proposes that customer experience can be deeply understood only via a broad research design involving several different profiles of participants, that are managers and booksellers, customers of different familiarity with bookshops (infrequent, frequent and loyal customers), people that were not familiar with the investigated bookshops but that have been invited on purpose, and people that have special interactions (caf¨¦ and events) with the bookshops. Second, results show three key aspects of the topic: (1) The customer experience world, based on rituals not on transactions; (2) The drivers of excellent customer experience in bookshops, which are customization, integration, and participation; (3) The complex role and broad competences of the ideal bookseller.
Risk Assessment of adolescents' virtual relations

Virtual relations are the result of membership of virtual communities. Because of its significance, inevitability, availability, diversity, confidentiality and invasive nature and risks among certain groups especially the adolescents, the present study aimed at assessing the risk of adolescents' virtual relations. The study's sample consisted of 96 internet addict adolescents. Two tools; Internet Addiction list and Risk List of Adolescents Virtual Relations, were used in the research. The results showed the diversity of adolescents' virtual relations risks including ethical, cultural, psychological, educational, health and family risks. They also showed that adolescents are more susceptible to psychological risk and less susceptible to behavioral risk and that there is a highly significant correlation between being at risk and the ability to manage it virtual relations and that the adolescents have different estimations of risks and high abilities to manage them, except for the educational risk. The majority of risks; 93.75% are of medium degree and the majority of adolescents; 71.88% have high ability to manage the risks and there are differences between risk types regardless the exposure/ manage status.
Analysis of metal concentrations in selected canned beers consumed in Owerri Urban, Imo State, Nigeria

Evaluation of metal concentrations in selected canned beers consumed in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria was conducted using atomic absorption spectrophotometer(AAS) after HNO3/H2O2 digestion process. Considered Metals in selected canned beers include: Al , Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb , and Zn to ascertain the quality and standards as it affect beer consumers. The results of the laboratory analysis shown that the concentrations Cr, Fe, Ni, Cd and Pb in the selected canned beers were above the permissible levels concentration stipulated for potable drinking water, while the metals Zn, Al and Cu were below the permissible limits in the potable drinking water respectively . Ultimately, there is clearly a need to improve quality control in the processing of this and other canned beers. From the risk assessment of canned beers on human heath, it is ascertained that metal concentrations in the selected canned beers do not pose a risk to consumer’s health since the estimated metal daily intake per kg bodyweight is below the provisional tolerable intake of these metals as stipulated by the World Health Organization (WHO) . Based on this result, quality monitoring and control by standard organization of Nigeria (SON) were suggested for beer
Dual-Beam Delay Calibration for VERA

We present the technique of instrumental delay calibration for the dual-beam system of VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA), namely, the horn-on-dish method, in which artificial noise sources are mounted on the antenna feedome base and a wide-band radio noise is injected into the dual-beam receivers after reflection by a subreflector. We introduce the basic concept of calibration with the horn-on-dish method, and also present results of the experiments to evaluate its calibration accuracy. Detailed comparisons between model path calculations and measured paths from the noise sources show that the horn-on-dish method can calibrate the dual-beam delay difference in the antenna structure and receiver within an � 0.1 mm level. We estimated that the systematic error in
Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and different curing conditions on the drying shrinkage of self-compacting concrete

Fresh self-compacting concrete (SCC) flows into place and around obstructions under its own weight to fill the formwork completely and self-compact, without any segregation. The present study investigates drying shrinkage of SCC including mixtures of expanded perlite (EPA) and natural aggregates (NA) at six different curing conditions. The binder dosage is kept constant at 450 kg/m 3 throughout the study. A superplasticizer is used as 2% (by weight) of Portland cement (PC) to reduce water/cement+mineral (w/cm) ratios and self-compacting. Specimens have been exposed to conditions of lime-saturated water (B1), dry in air (B2), coated with paraffin (B3), three times wetted in a day (B4), under wet-sack (B5) and 100% relative humidity (B6). It has been found that drying shrinkage of concrete is reduced by using EPA. The drying shrinkage of EPA concrete decreases with an increasing moisture content. It is also found that concrete exhibits a lower drying shrinkage in all time periods under the Bl curing conditions.
Admissions to pediatric intensive care unit due to preventable injuries

Sum mary Aim: One of the major causes of the morbidity and mortality in chidhood is preventable injuries. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the admissions to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) because of preventable injuries. Material and Method: Demographic characteristics, injury category, pediatric intensive care unit days, ventilation days and mortality of the patients admitted to the PICU of Mersin University Faculty of Medicine Hospital due to preventable injuries between July 2006 and December 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Out of 822 admissions 124 (15%) were due to preventable injuries. Among these subjects, 69 (55.6%) were male and 55 (44.3%) were female. Mean hospitalization time was 3.7 ± 3.1 days. 9.7% of the subjects were ventilated and the mortality rate was found to be 12.5%. The most common reason for admission was intoxication (64.6%) which was followed by trauma (17.7%) and the other reasons (burns, animal bites, near drowning and foreign body aspiration) (17.7%). Conclusions: Preventable injuries constitute an important part of PICU admissions. Increasing preventive measures against preventable injuries may reduce the morbidity and mortality rates during childhood. (Turk Arch Ped 2012; 47: 45-8)
Staphylococcus species and their Methicillin-Resistance in 7424 Blood Cultures for Suspected Bloodstream Infections

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of Staphylococcus species in bloodstream infections and to assess their susceptibility to methicillin. Material and Methods: Between January 1 st 2008 - December 31 st 2010, 7424 blood culture sets were submitted to the Laboratory Department of the Hospital for Clinical Infectious Diseases in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The blood cultures were performed using BacT/Alert until January 2010 and BacT/Alert 3D automated system (bioMerieux) after that date. The blood culture bottles were incubated at 37°C in a continuously monitoring system for up to 7 days. The strain identifications were performed by conventional methods, ApiStaph galleries and Vitek 2 Compact system. Susceptibility to methicillin was determined by disk diffusion method with cefoxitin disk and by using Vitek 2 Compact system. Results: From the total number of performed blood cultures, 568 were positive with Staphylococcus species. From 168 bacteriemic episodes 103 were with Staphylococcus aureus . Among 65 coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated species (34), followed by Staphylococcus hominis (15), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (8), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3), Staphylococcus cohnii (1), Staphylococcus auricularis (1), and 3 strains that were not identified at species level. Methicillin resistance was encountered in 53.40% of Staphylococcus aureus strains and in 80% of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Conclusions: An important percentage of blood cultures were contaminated with Staphylococcus species. The main species identified in true bacteriemia cases were Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis . The percentage of methicillin-resistance, proved to be high not only for coagulase-negative staphylococci but also for Staphylococcus aureus .
Paper Series EDP-1810 Measuring Vulnerability Using the Counting Approach

Vulnerability has become an integral part of any deprivation assessment. In this paper we take a fresh look at measuring vulnerability, where we separate out the identification part of whether an individual is vulnerable from the aggregation part as has been done in the multi-dimensional poverty context. In doing so, we have also been able to deal with one of the crucial problems that we see in the multi-dimensional context, which is that of weights used on the different dimensions under aggregation. We axiomatically characterise this new measure of vulnerability and thus also provide a theoretical underpinning to many of the empirical applications in this field. Further, we provide a real world application of the measure using data from Bangladesh.
Eigenvector and eigenvalue analysis of thick plates resting on elastic foundation with first order finite element

The purpose of this paper is to study free vibration analysis of thick plates resting on Winkler foundation using Mindlin’s theory with first order finite element, to determine the effects of the thickness/span ratio, the aspect ratio, subgrade reaction modulus and the boundary conditions on the frequency parameters of thick plates subjected to free vibration. In the analysis, finite element method is used for spatial integration. Finite element formulation of the equations of the thick plate theory is derived by using first order displacement shape functions. A computer program using finite element method is coded in C++ to analyze the plates free, clamped or simply supported along all four edges. In the analysis, 4-noded finite element is used. Graphs are presented that should help engineers in the design of thick plates subjected to earthquake excitations. It is concluded that 4-noded finite element can be effectively used in the free vibration analysis of thick plates. It is also concluded that, in general, the changes in the thickness/span ratio are more effective on the maximum responses considered in this study than the changes in the aspect ratio.
Multilineage Differentiation Potential of CNS Cell Progenitors in a Recent Developed Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata L.) Nervous Model

Neural Progenitor Cells (NPCs) have gathered more and more attention in the field of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs). However, the multilineage differentiating behavior of these cells and their contribution to tissue regeneration, almost in lower vertebrate taxa, remain unknown. Since the early 1970s, many comparative studies have been performed using immunocytochemical screening on the brains of several vertebrate taxa, including teleosts, in order to identify these cells, even if the data are sometimes contrasting. This study aims: (1) to investigate in vitro the potential proliferative role of NPCs and Radial Glia Progenitors (RGP) in seabream neurogenesis; (2) to reveal the strict ability of fish NSCs to undertake the multilineage development and differentiation in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. By the use of double Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis and phase contrast microscopy, we identified the multilineage differentiation and the exact cell morphology. We demonstrated that NSC can self-renew and differentiate into different types of neurons or glial cells during extended culturing. Mature neurons expressed specific neuronal markers; they could differentiate during long term culturing, generating an extensive neurite growth. Glia was found highly mitotic and could developed mature astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Glial cells were assessed by Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) reactivity; neurons and myelinating oligodendrocytes were immunostained with cell-specific markers. This work provide that the multilineage differentiation potential of seabream neural cell progenitors might be a useful tool for neurodegenerative diseases, being a promising approach for repairing the CNS injuries, also in other animals, as a new coming strategy for function recovery of damaged nerves.
The Productive Perforance of Egyptian Dairy Buffaloes Receiving Biosynthetic Bovine Somatotropin (rbST) with or Without Monensin

2 Abstract: Twenty lactating buffaloes divided into 4 groups (five animals each) were used to evaluate the singular and combined effect of bovine somatotropin and monensin on the productive performance of Egyptian dairy buffaloes. Treatments were 1) control ; 2) injection of exogenous bovine somatotropin (rbST); 3) concentrate feed mixture top dressed with 400 mg of monensin(M)/d/animal; 4) somatotropin(rbST) and monensin in combination, during 14 days before expected calving and the first 120 days of lactation, Dry matter intake was increased for animals which treated with rbST. Milk yield and 4% fat corrected milk yield were significantly (P 0.05) changed by treatments, however, milk lactose content was significantly (P<0.01) increased by treatments. Plasma total protein and glucose concentrations were significantly (P<0.01) increased by rbST treatment, however, plasma albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, urea, GOT; GPT and cholesterol contents were not significantly affected by treatments. The results of the present study suggest" that rbST is efficacious in increasing milk yield without effect on milk composition and without any adverse effects on lactating buffaloes.