Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INCERTEZAS ESTRATÉGICAS E RISCOS NO SISTEMA DE CONTROLE GERENCIAL DAS COOPERATIVAS DE CRÉDITO

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar as incertezas estrategicas e os riscos que podem afetar o sistema de controle gerencial nas cooperativas de credito. Para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, por meio de um estudo de levantamento e quantitativo, aplicou-se um questionario para a obtencao dos dados em uma amostra de 44 cooperativas de credito do Brasil, que se caracterizam 95% em cooperativas singulares com 70% classificadas como de credito mutuo. Os resultados da modelagem de equacoes estruturais aplicados por meio do software SmartPLS ®, apontam que o sistema de crenca tem o mesmo grau de importância que o sistema de fronteiras nas cooperativas de credito, assim como o sistema de diagnostico; e que o sistema de controle interativo tem o mesmo grau de importância que o sistema de controle de diagnostico. O risco estrategico nao esta associado ao grau de importância de cada sistema de controle de gestao. As incertezas estrategicas estao positivamente associadas com o grau de importância atribuido pela alta administracao da cooperativa no sistema de crencas, bem como ao sistema de controle interativo.
Analyzing Log Files for Postmortem Intrusion Detection

Upon an intrusion, security staff must analyze the IT system that has been compromised, in order to determine how the attacker gained access to it, and what he did afterward. Usually, this analysis reveals that the attacker has run an exploit that takes advantage of a system vulnerability. Pinpointing, in a given log file, the execution of one such an exploit, if any, is very valuable for computer security. This is both because it speeds up the process of gathering evidence of the intrusion, and because it helps taking measures to prevent a further intrusion, e.g., by building and applying an appropriate attack signature for intrusion detection system maintenance. This problem, which we call postmortem intrusion detection, is fairly complex, given both the overwhelming length of a standard log file, and the difficulty of identifying exactly where the intrusion has occurred. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for postmortem intrusion detection, which factors out repetitive behavior, thus, speeding up the process of locating the execution of an exploit, if any. Central to our intrusion detection mechanism is a classifier, which separates abnormal behavior from normal one. This classifier is built upon a method that combines a hidden Markov model with k -means. Our experimental results establish that our method is able to spot the execution of an exploit, with a cumulative detection rate of over 90%. In addition, we propose an entropy-based approach that speeds up the construction of a profile for ordinary system behavior.
A bilateral model for central neural pathways in vestibuloocular reflex.

It is argued that vestibular internuclear commissural pathways are functionally important in the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR), particularly since they appear to be modulated during nystagmus. A bilateral approach to VOR modeling is essential to an effective study of the effects of commissural connections on response dynamics. A bilateral model of the VOR central pathways is proposed, with three main postulates: neural filters (NF) on each side of the brain stem, each linked to tonic cells in the ipsilateral vestibular nuclei in negative feedback loops; strong coupling between these bilateral loops by reciprocal commissural connections that significantly affect response dynamics; and modulation of this coupling by inhibitory burst neurons during fast phases. Mathematical analysis of this model shows that the NF need not be good integrators. During slow-phase operation, commissural pathways provide a positive-feedback effect that improves the effective integration function of the bilateral system beyond that of the NF in each side. Analysis suggests that the time constant of the NF might even be as small as that of the eye plant (approximately 0.24 s), so that the NF might be considered to be internal models of the eye plant rather than pseudointegrators. In the model, modulation of commissural gains by burst cells is shown to be sufficient to cause the system to switch between a compensatory position-tracking mode (slow phases) and an anticompensatory velocity-tracking mode (fast phases) during nystagmus. The model simulates a number of behavioral and neurophysiological findings, such as a) tonic vestibular nuclei (VN) cells have sensitivities and decay times larger than primary vestibular fibers, and their response polarity may reverse after section of superficial commissural fibers; b) effective VOR integration deteriorates after cerebellectomy or commissurectomy; c) peak fast-phase eye velocity is modulated by the vestibular signal as well as by fast-phase amplitude. The model accounts for the modulation of central VN responses during nystagmus and, as a result, simulations strongly imply that envelopes of slow-phase eye velocity or smoothed central firing rates will depend on fast-phase strategy and, hence, may not always yield accurate estimates of VOR dynamics. Similarly, the model predicts that "apparent" disassociation between central and ocular responses may occur because of interactions during nystagmus, despite appropriate behavior within slow-phase segments (since VN responses are not simple estimates of eye velocity). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Attitudes to healthy eating among a representative sampling of Croatian adults: A comparison with Mediterranean countries

The objectives of this study were to examine the understanding of healthy eating, to assess the perceived need to change eating habits, to identify information sources about healthy eating among Croatian adults and to compare it with other Mediterranean countries. The sample included 1,006 randomly selected Croatian subjects over 15 years of age. The questions were adapted from the Pan-European Survey (1995–1996). A total of 50% of the participants described healthy eating as ‘fresh and natural foods’, more than one-half believed there is no need to change eating habits (53%) and ‘newspapers/magazines’ (26%) were identified as the most frequently used sources of information about healthy eating. Older males, either unemployed or retired, of lower educational background and monthly incomes, and the overweight and obese were the subgroups of the Croatian population that pose a real challenge to health nutrition promoters. A comparison with Mediterranean countries showed a higher level of similarity in attitudes with Italians.
Effect of abscisic acid and stratification on somatic embryo maturation and germination of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.)

SummaryThe effect of abscisic acid (ABA) was evaluated during the maturation and germination of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) somatic embryos. The addition of ABA to the culture medium significantly reduced unwanted recurrent embryogenesis in mature somatic embryos without affecting the germination of embryos subjected to stratification at 4°C. Stratification at 4°C for 2 mo. was the most efficient for stimulating somatic embryo germination of holm oak. The addition of 90 and 450 mM sucrose also improved germination, while higher sucrose concentrations were inhibitory.
A possible mechanism of action of quinidine.

Quinidine increases the refractory period and depresses both the rate and amplitude of beat of isolated rabbit atria. These effects can be enhanced by elevating the K content of the medium twofold and completely blocked by lowering the K to one-sixteenth the normal amount. Small amounts of acetylcholine act in a manner similar to low K. These observations suggest that quinidine produces its effects by depressing outward flux of K ions. Ion transport studies revealed this to be the case. The hypotheses that quinidine in final analysis acts by blocking the intracellularly released acetylcholine is presented and discussed.
Rituximab Efficacy in the Treatment of Children with Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Background: There are several medications for treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, immunosuppressive drugs, and even splenectomy. In case of failure, Rituximab as one of the medications used in these patients should be considered. Method: This Case—series study was conducted prospectively in patients who were referred to Hematology & Oncology Clinic of Ali Asghar Hospital. Eighteen Patients were followed up for at least 3–5 years. Results: Four weeks after treatment, only in 6 patients (33/3%) of 18 patients, complete response (Plt > 100,000) were obtained and most patients (67/66%) had no appropriate response. In subsequent surveys conducted at 6 and 36 months after treatment, the percentage of patients responding fell to 22/2% hit. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate proper safety of Rituximab in the treatment of chronic ITP. However, the drug had no significant effect on the expected improvement in platelet count of patients. It seems that monotherapy is ineffective in the treatment of chronic ITP and combination with other complementary therapies is recommended.
O ESTADO DE FLOW NO BASQUETEBOL EM CATEGORIAS DE BASE: UMA ANÁLISE DA INTERFERÊNCIA DA IDADE E DO TEMPO DE PRÁTICA

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os niveis de flow e a interferencia da idade e do tempo de pratica em atletas de basquetebol de categorias de base. A amostra do estudo foi constituida de 59 atletas de 5 diferentes equipes da regiao sudeste, sendo duas dessas equipes consideradas de alto nivel. Utilizou-se uma entrevista semi estruturada e um questionario para coletar dados gerais sobre os atletas. Para avaliar as entrevistas utilizou-se o metodo de analise de conteudo. Para comparar a idade e o tempo de pratica utilizou-se o teste de dependencia de variaveis Pearson qui-quadrado e o teste exato de Fischer . Os resultados apontam que a idade pode influenciar as dimensoes menos citadas (fusao entre acao e atencao, feedback claro e imediato, perda da autoconsciencia, perda da nocao do tempo e flow total. O tempo de pratica pode influenciar a dimensao mais citada, controle absoluto das acoes.
Effects of atropine on plasma amino acid profiles and on the synthesis of individual milk proteins in dairy cows fed with pasture

Effects of atropine on blood plasma amino acid profile and on the yields and concentration of milk components were investigated in 12 Friesian cows in early lactation. Cows were housed indoors and fed with cut pasture ad libitum. Each cow received four treatments over 12 d during a replicated 4×4 Latin square experiment. Treatments were: control (saline); low dose (L; 30 μg atropine/kg body weight (BW)); medium dose (M; 40 μg atropine/kg BW); and 2×L dose, 2 h apart (2×L). On each of four treatment days, cows were milked at about 7.00, after which treatments were administered by subcutaneous injection. Cows were milked again at 2 h, 6 h and 10 h after injection. Milk samples were collected at each milking. Immediately after the 2 h milking, blood samples were drawn from each cow and the second injection was given for the 2×L treatment. Atropine reduced hourly milk yield, and concentrations and hourly yields of total protein, casein, whey protein, α-casein, β-casein, κ-casein, β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin, but by differing amounts. Milk concentrations of bovine serum albumin and immunoglobulin G were increased by atropine, and overall yields of these proteins were mostly unchanged. Atropine lowered concentrations of most, but not all, amino acids in blood plasma, with essential amino acids reduced more than non-essential amino acids. Concentrations of α-amino N in whole blood, and glucose and insulin in blood plasma, fell after atropine injection. There was no difference between the L and M doses of atropine, but the 2×L dose had greater effects on milk composition than the single doses. For yields of milk and milk components, the effect of the 2×L dose was also more persistent. The results highlight the differential synthesis of individual milk proteins, and suggest that atropine might be useful for evaluating the mechanisms regulating milk protein composition.
Digestion in the pig between 7 and 3 d of age. 2. The digestion of dry matter and the pH of digesta in pigs given milk and soya-bean proteins.

1. In two separate experiments, forty-four pigs weaned at 4--5 d of age were given diets containing milk or soya-bean proteins until slaughtered at 14, 28 or 35 d of age. 2. The retention times of digesta in the stomach and the entire gastro-intestinal tract did not differ between pigs given pelleted diets containing milk or soya-bean protein. 3. Digesta retention times in the stomach were shorter (61 v. 145 min) in pigs given a milk-protein diet in a liquid form than in pigs given the same diet in a pelleted form. The retention times in the whole gastro-intestinal tract were 42 . 8 v. 29 . 6 h on the respective diets. 4. The total retention time of digesta in the gastro-intestinal tract increased with age of pigs between 14--35 d of age when given pelleted diets but not when given a liquid diet. 5. The daily amount of digesta flowing through the anterior small intestine was unaffected by the source of protein. Greater endogenous secretions into the anterior small intestine were observed when pigs were fed ad lib. than when fed at 2 g nitrogen (45 d dry matter (DM)/kg live weight 0 . 75 per d. 6. The apparent digestion of DM to the ileum of pigs given milk, isolated soya-bean protein (ISP) (Promine D) or soya-bean meal (SBM) protein at 28 d of age was 0 . 826, 0 . 825 and 0 . 644 respectively. 7. The apparent digestion of DM to the ileum of pigs given ISP (Supro 610) significantly increased with age of pigs from 0 . 851 at 14 d of age to 0 . 883 at 35 d of age. No increase was observed for pigs given milk protein. 8. Differences in the digestibility of DM between protein sources were greater to the ileum than over the entire gastro-intestinal tract. The greatest increase in DM digestion from the ileum to the faeces occurred in pigs given SBM (0 . 644--0 . 874). 9. Neither the protein source nor age of pigs influenced gastric pH values, the mean value being 4 . 05. pH increased along the small intestine and was not affected by the protein source of age of pig.
Multi-input sliding mode control of nonlinear uncertain affine systems

In the extension to multi-input nonlinear uncertain systems of the sliding mode methodology, a crucial role is played by the matrix pre-multiplying the control in the dynamic equation of the sliding output. If this matrix is perfectly known and invertible, it is possible to transform a multi-input sliding mode control problem in an almost decoupled set of single-input problems. If this matrix is uncertain then nothing can be done in general, and the investigation is oriented to find conditions ensuring the feasibility of control strategies in a progressively more general set of uncertain matrices. In the case of uncertain and constant matrices, it is possible, in principle, to manage the case in which the matrix in question is invertible. The corresponding adaptive or switching strategy suffers from the curse of dimensionality of the so-called unmixing set. In this article the case of time- and state-varying uncertain matrix is dealt with. A more general class of such a matrices for which there is, at least locally, a solution of the problem is found. The introduction of artificial integrators in the output channel (the integral sliding mode control methodology) allows the practical implementation of the control law without requiring the a priori knowledge of parameters featured by the solution of a relevant nonlinear Lyapunov equation.
Clinical significance of circulating hepatocyte growth factor, a new risk marker of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with Type 2 diabetes

Aims Recent studies have provided increasing evidence that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has a pathophysiological role in the development of diabetic complications. We set out to determine the relationship between serum HGF and risk factors for macroangiopathy including carotid atherosclerosis. Carotid atherosclerosis is an established and important risk factor for both cerebral and coronary artery diseases.
Induction of sodium-dependent bile acid transporter messenger RNA, protein, and activity in rat ileum by cholic acid.

BACKGROUND & AIMS The ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter reclaims bile acids from the intestinal lumen to preserve their enterohepatic recirculation. The present studies sought to determine the possible role of enteric bile acids in the molecular regulation of the apical bile acid transporter in rat ileal mucosa. METHODS Paired rats were fed a control diet or control diet plus cholic acid (1%) or ursodeoxycholic acid (1%) for 10 days. Other paired rats underwent biliary diversion for 72 hours, followed by intraduodenal infusion of taurocholate or fluid/electrolytes. Transporter protein, messenger RNA (mRNA), and activity were determined in the distal 15 cm of ileal mucosa. RESULTS Transporter protein and mRNA levels in cholic acid-fed rats increased approximately threefold above levels in paired rats fed the control diet (P < 0.02). Similarly, sodium-dependent [3H]taurocholate uptake into membrane vesicles from cholic acid-fed rats increased twofold above uptake into vesicles from control-fed rats because of a twofold increase in maximal transport velocity. In biliary-diverted rats (72-96 hours), transporter protein decreased to 57% +/- 5% of paired controls with intact enterohepatic circulation (P < 0.0001). The intraduodenal infusion of taurocholate (24 hours) in biliary-diverted rats resulted in a time-dependent reinduction of transporter protein expression (3.5-fold). CONCLUSIONS The expression of the ileal apical bile acid transporter is induced at a pretranslational level by free or taurine-conjugated cholic acid within the small intestine.
Effects of audio-visual information and mode of speech on listener perceptions of alaryngeal speakers

There is minimal research on listener perceptions of an individual with a laryngectomy (IWL) based on audio-visual information. The aim of this research was to provide preliminary insight into whether listeners have different perceptions of an individual with a laryngectomy based on mode of presentation (audio-only vs. audio-visual) and mode of speech (tracheoesophageal, oesophageal, electrolaryngeal, normal). Thirty-four naïve listeners were randomly presented with a standard reading passage produced by one typical speaker from each mode of speech in both audio-only and audio-visual presentation mode. Listeners used a visual analogue scale (10 cm line) to indicate their perceptions of each speaker's personality. A significant effect for mode of speech was present. There was no significant difference in listener perceptions between mode of presentation using individual ratings. However, principal component analysis showed ratings were more favourable in the audio-visual mode. Results of this study suggest that visual information may only have a minor impact on listener perceptions of a speakers' personality and that mode of speech and degree of speech proficiency may only play a small role in listener perceptions. However, results should be interpreted with caution as results are based on only one speaker per mode of speech.
Insights into genotype–phenotype correlation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Findings from 18 Spanish families with a single mutation in MYBPC3

Background Mutations in the cardiac myosin-binding protein C (MYBPC3) gene are frequently found as a cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, only a few studies have analysed genotype–phenotype correlations in small series of patients. The present study sought to determine the clinical characteristics, penetrance and prognosis of HCM with an identical mutation in MYBPC3. Methods 154 non-related patients with HCM (aged 55±16 years, 100 (64.9%) males) were studied. 18 (11.7%) were found to have an identical mutation in the MYBPC3 gene (IVS23+1G→A). Pedigree analysis, including both clinical evaluation and genotyping, was performed. Results 152 individuals (mean age 37±18 years, 53.3% males) from 18 families were evaluated. 65 carriers of the IVS23+1G→A mutation were identified, 61.5% of whom met HCM diagnostic criteria. Penetrance of the disease increased with age, with 50% affected at 46 years of age. Males tended to develop the disease earlier than females. 7 (15.6%) had systolic dysfunction. Compared with the rest of the HCM cohort, probands with the mutation had more hypertrophy and were younger at diagnosis. There was a trend towards a reduced survival free from sudden death (SD) (HR 1.71; 95% CI 0.98 to 2.98, p=0.059). There were 17 SD cases in 12 families with the mutation. Conclusions The MYBPC3 IVS23+1G→A mutation is associated with middle-age onset disease and poor outcome, with a significant proportion of patients developing systolic impairment and a high SD risk profile.
Control of Buffer-Induced Current Collapse in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs Using SiNx Deposition

The stoichiometry of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition SiNx surface passivation is shown to change vertical conductivity at the top of the epitaxial stack in GaN-on-Si power high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). This changes the charge stored in the carbon-doped GaN layer during high-voltage operation, and allows direct control of buffer-related current collapse in HEMTs. Substrate bias ramps are used to identify the changes in C:GaN charge trapping and vertical leakage. Channel length dependence indicates a lateral conductivity in the C:GaN with a localized increase in vertical conductivity under the ohmic contacts. An optimum SiNx recipe is identified which simultaneously delivers low current collapse and low drain leakage.
Up-regulation in endothelin-1 by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide interferes with gastric mucin synthesis via epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation

Objective. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a key mediator of inflammatory processes associated with bacterial infection, is a 21-amino acid peptide produced from a biologically inactive big ET-1 by the action of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) that acts through G protein-coupled ETA and ETB receptors. Here we report on the role of ET-1 in the mediation of the detrimental influence of Helicobacter pylori on the synthesis of gastric mucin. Material and methods. Rat gastric mucosal cells were exposed to H. pylori key virulence factor, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results. The LPS inhibitory effect on gastric mucin synthesis was accompanied by a marked increase in ET-1 generation and enhancement in ECE-1 activity. Inhibition of ECE-1 with phosphoramidon not only led to the impedance of LPS-induced ET-1 generation, but also countered the detrimental effect of LPS on mucin synthesis. Moreover, the LPS inhibitory effect on mucin synthesis was blocked by ETA receptor antagonist BQ610, but not by ETB receptor antagonist BQ788. Furthermore, the LPS-induced suppression in gastric mucin synthesis was countered in a concentration-dependent fashion by PD153035 (81.7%), a specific inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase as well as PP2 (69.8%), a selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase Src responsible for ligand-independent EGFR transactivation. Conclusions. Our findings are the first to show that the detrimental effect of H. pylori on gastric mucin synthesis is intimately linked to the events associated with ECE-1 up-regulation, enhancement in ET-1 production, and G protein-coupled ETA receptor activation that triggers the EGFR transactivation.