Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptions of ‘research’ and their gendered impact on research activity: a UK case study

ABSTRACT The last twenty years have seen an increased emphasis around the world on the quality and quantity of research in response to national research assessments, international league tables, and changes in government funding. The prevailing attitude in higher education embeds research as the ‘gold standard’ in the context of academic activity. However, a key feature of this trend is significant gender differences in research activity. We argue that research productivity is related to identification as a researcher, and that identifying as ‘research-active’ or not would appear to depend upon how an individual academic subjectively defines ‘research’. This article brings together two hitherto separate bodies of work (1) the impact of gender on academic research careers, and (2) academic conceptions of research. Through a combination of interviews, focus groups and questionnaires, we investigate the extent to which interpretations of ‘research’ and ‘research activity’ differ by gender within an institution in the UK and the potential impact of these interpretations. Although the research found that there are many similarities in the interpretations of ‘research activity’ between genders, we found one important difference between male and female participants’ conceptions of research and its relationship to teaching. Significantly, our findings suggest that there is a need to expand our existing conceptualisations of ‘research’ to include ‘research as scholarship’ in order to address the obstacles that current understandings of ‘research’ have placed on some academics. Self-definition as a researcher underlies research activity. A narrow conception of ‘research’ may prevent individuals from identifying as ‘research-active’ and therefore engaging with research.
Interactions between urban heat islands, heatwaves, and synoptic patterns in southern Australian cities

Most cities are affected by urban heat islands, whereby urban areas are warmer than surrounding rural areas at night. While much research on the urban heat island has focused on the influence of the land surface, there has been little attention paid to the role that atmospheric mechanisms play in modulating urban heat islands, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere and Australia. This thesis addresses this gap by examining the relationship between urban heat islands, heatwaves, and synoptic weather patterns in three southern Australian cities, Melbourne, Adelaide, and Perth.
Natural theology : or, evidences of the existence and attributes of the Deity : collected from the appearances of nature

1. State of the argument 2. State of the argument continued 3. Application of the argument 4. Of the succession of plants and animals 5. Application of the argument continued 6. The argument cumulative 7. Of the mechanical and immechanical functions of animals and vegetables 8. Of mechanical arrangement in the human frame-of the bones 9. Of the muscles 10. Of the vessels of animal bodies 11. Of the animal structure regarded as a mass 12. Comparative anatomy 13. Peculiar organisations 14. Prospective contrivances 15. Relations 16. Compensations 17. The relation of animated bodies to inanimate nature 18. Instincts 19. Of insects 20. Of plants 21. Of the elements 22. Astronomy 23. Personality of the Deity 24. Of the natural attributes of the Deity 25. Of the unity of the Deity 26. The goodness of the Deity 27. Conclusions.
Thinking through and designing qualitative research studies: a focused mapping review of 30 years of qualitative research in sport psychology

ABSTRACT Amid the increasing use of qualitative methods in the field of sport psychology, a number of researchers have initiated discussions about issues of rigour and quality in qualitative inquiry. Methodological coherence has been offered as an approach to strengthening qualitative inquiry by ensuring that the elements of qualitative research are appropriately aligned. This study presents a focused mapping review and synthesis of the methodological coherence of qualitative sport psychology research published in five peer-reviewed journals over 30 years. 710 articles were subjected to an in-depth analysis. The philosophical position, methodology, data generation and analysis methods, presentation of findings, description of quality, statement of researcher position, and methodological coherence of each article were coded. Results indicated that post-positivist or critical realist approaches are dominant in sport psychology, although there has been an increase in the variety of philosophical positions employed over time. Further, the majority of articles in sport psychology were methodologically coherent. We conclude by forwarding practical considerations for thinking through and designing methodologically coherent qualitative studies in sport psychology, which are intended to be accessible for all researchers.
Transobsturator tape (TOT) procedure: the Ipoh experience

The use of transobturator tape (TOT) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has gained popularity since it was introduced in 2001. Only few studies have reported that TOT is superior in safety and efficacy when compared to tension free vaginal tape (TVT). This case-series study was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of the TOT procedure in patients at Ipoh Hospital. A cross sectional study on patients who underwent TOT procedures from Jan 2006 to Jun 2008 was conducted. Patients were followed-up 1 month, 3 month, 12 month and annually thereafter. Data were retrieved from patients' records based on the standard pre-operative assessment sheet and follow up record. Interviews were then made via telecommunication to assess the patients' progression and satisfaction using a validated questionnaire. Fifty-two subjects (n=52) were recruited. The mean age was 54.2 ' 10.6 years with the median follow up time of 19 months. Majority of cases (n=46; 88.5%) had concomitant pelvic organ prolapse (POP), while only 2 (3.8%) had an isolated stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Pre-operatively, only 16 patients (30.8%) were diagnosed with mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and 24 patients (46.2%) had over active bladder symptoms (OAB) which include increased frequency and urgency. The objective cure rate for SUI was 42 (80.7%), 3 (5.8%) failed while 7 (13.5%) improved. Complications were limited to minor conditions and was only observed in four patients: one case (1.9%) of acute urinary retention, three (5.7%) had prolonged indwelling catheter more than 3 days and one (1.9%) each for mesh erosion, hematoma, urinary tract infection (UTI) and wound infection. Cure rate for MUI, frequency and urgency were 37.4%, 70.8% and 54.2% respectively. De novo urgency was noted in three (n=3: 5.7%) cases while (n=3: 5.7%) required revision of the tape. Forty-nine women (n=49: 94.2%) were satisfied with the procedure. TOT procedures significantly improve OAB symptoms with high patient's acceptance rate and no serious operative complication.
Increased toe-flexor muscle strength does not alter metatarsophalangeal and ankle joint mechanics or running economy

ABSTRACT The intrinsic foot musculature (IFM) supports the arches of the foot and controls metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) motion. Stronger IFM can increase the effective foot length, potentially altering lower-extremity gearing similar to that of using carbon-fibre-plated footwear. The purpose of this study was to investigate if strengthening of the IFM can alter gait mechanics and improve running economy. Eleven participants were randomly assigned into an experimental group and nine into a control group. The experimental group performed IFM strengthening exercises for ten weeks. Toe-flexor strength, gait mechanics, and running economy were assessed at baseline, five weeks, and ten weeks; using a custom strength testing apparatus, motion capture and force-instrumented treadmill, and indirect calorimetry. Toe-flexor strength increased in the experimental group (p = .006); however, MTPJ and ankle mechanics and running economy did not change. The dearth of changes in mechanics may be due to a lack of mechanical advantage of the IFM, runners staying within their preferred movement path, a need for MTPJ dorsiflexion to facilitate the windlass mechanism, or the primary function of the IFM being to support the longitudinal arch of the foot as opposed to modulating MTPJ mechanics.
Responses of soil organic carbon and nitrogen to land-use changes in a semiarid region of northwest China

Abstract Currently, we lack a clear understanding of how climate influences the responses of soil organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) to land-use changes in semiarid regions. Thus, to clarify the mechanisms involved, we measured the soil OC and total N (TN) concentrations and stocks in the 0–100 cm soil layer in adjacent grassland, farmland, and woodland at five sites on the Loess Plateau in China, which varied in terms of the mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT). The farmland or woodland was converted from grassland at each site. Conversion of grassland to farmland significantly reduced the soil OC and TN, with greater decreases in sites with relatively lower MAP and MAT (–0.60 Mg OC ha−1 yr−1 and –0.22 Mg TN ha−1 yr−1, respectively) than sites with relatively higher MAP and MAT (–0.35 Mg OC ha−1 yr−1 and –0.04 Mg TN ha−1 yr−1). Conversion of grassland to woodland increased OC and TN at sites with higher MAP and MAT, but decreased them at sites with lower MAP and MAT. OC and TN increased to a depth of 100 cm with MAP and MAT after this land-use change. OC and TN decreased at relatively drier and colder sites, but increased at relatively wetter and warmer sites. These findings provide insights into the effects of land-use changes on the soil OC and TN under different climate conditions, thereby facilitating the sustainable management of grasslands in semiarid regions.
Big data analytics business value and firm performance: linking with environmental context

Previous studies, grounded on the resource based view, have already explored the relationship between the business value that Big Data Analytics (BDA) can bring to firm performance. However, the role played by the environmental characteristics in which companies operate has not been investigated in the literature. We inform the theory, in that direction, via the integration of the contingency theory to the resource based view theory of the firm. This original and integrative model examines the moderating influence of environmental features on the relationship between BDA business value and firm performance. The combination of survey data and secondary financial data on a representative sample of medium and large companies makes possible the statistical validation of our research model. The results offer evidence that BDA business value leads to higher firm performance, namely financial performance, market performance and customer satisfaction. More original is the demonstration that this relationship is stronger in munificent environments, while the dynamism of the environment does not have any moderating effect on the performance of BDA solutions. It means that managers working for firms in markets with a growing demand are in the best position to profit from BDA.
ABC of breast diseases: breast cancer.

Breast cancers are derived from the epithelial cells that line the terminal duct lobular unit. Cancer cells that remain within the basement membrane of the elements of the terminal duct lobular unit and the draining duct are classified as in situ or non-invasive. An invasive breast cancer is one in which there is dissemination of cancer cells outside the basement membrane of the ducts and lobules into the surrounding adjacent normal tissue. Both in situ and invasive cancers have characteristic patterns by which they can be classified.
Feedforward Modulation for the Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter With Confined Capacitor Voltage Ripples and Reduced Switching Power Losses

This article presents a new modulation technique with feedforward compensation for the three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped converter. With the proposed technique, the capacitor voltage ripples are allowed to vary within certain limits. This enables an optimized design of the converter since the maximum capacitor voltages are predefined. Furthermore, the proposed modulation technique is able to reduce switching power losses compared to modulation techniques that eliminate capacitor voltage ripples completely. The proposed technique is therefore a tradeoff solution between aforementioned techniques and traditional modulation techniques where the capacitor voltage ripples are not limited. In the proposed technique, if the capacitor voltages are within the tolerable specified range, all the phases switch in two consecutive voltage levels in steady state. When the capacitor voltages go beyond the specified limits, one of the three phases is chosen to switch in three levels to inject an appropriate neutral point current for capacitor voltage balance. As the capacitor voltages are allowed to oscillate, the modulation technique is provided with feedforward compensation to avoid producing low-frequency distortion on the output voltages of the converter. Experimental results are presented operating under different loading conditions.
Adaptive steering‐based HDTC algorithm for PMSM

This paper introduces sensorless hysteresis direct torque control for permanent magnet synchronous motors to provide a reduced torque pulsation profile, which leads to a smaller mechanical vibration. The suggested algorithm utilizes the principle of vehicle steering, which continuously fixes the direction of the vehicle in the track. Moreover, the algorithm efficiently employs the output of torque and the output of flux error controllers used in basic hysteresis direct torque control to select two nonzero adjacent vectors. The initial switching time for the selected vectors is determined by a function that considers the absolute magnitude of the torque error and the magnitude of the flux error in addition to the space angle position of the stator flux. To reduce the processing time in the control signal flow, a suggested structure for switching the initial time of the selected vectors is developed. The final switching time of the vectors is adaptively adjusted according to the minimum required stator voltage to drive the load and according to the stored rotor energy that arises due to the inertia of the mechanical load connected to the motor shaft. The simulation results along with the experimental results show a fast dynamic response of torque, relatively reduced torque ripples, and reduced current harmonics compared to the basic hysteresis direct torque control.
Fundamental solutions for linear parabolic systems and matrix processes

Faculty of Science School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Doctor of Philosophy Fundamental Solutions for Linear Parabolic Systems and Matrix Processes by Alba SANTÍN GARCIA In this thesis we use Lie symmetry methods and integral transforms to obtain fundamental matrices for systems of PDEs of the form ut = uxx + g1(x)v vt = vxx + g2(x)u and vt = σx vxx + f1(x)vx − f2(x)wx wt = σx wxx + f2(x)vx + f1(x)wx, x, t > 0 for functions gi(x), and fi(x) satisfying some necessary conditions. We also provide the methodology to obtain these matrices for a wider range of systems. We then turn to the Lie symmetry study of the Kolmogorov Backwards equation associated to the process of the eigenvalues of a Wishart process. We focus on 2dimensional Wishart processes with eigenvalues Xt > Yt ≥ 0 for most of our work. We obtain the cosine transform of the transition density function of the difference Xt − Yt, as well as some integral expressions for E[Xt], E[Yt]. We also obtain some bounds for the variances of Xt and Yt and the expected values for a wide range of functions of these eigenvalues including, among many others, the expected value for any symmetric polynomial in the variables Xt, Yt. These results are all new, to the best of our knowledge.
Managing your private personal summer: how hormone replacement treatments are marketed to women

Recommended Citation Walkner, Tammy J. "Managing your private personal summer: how hormone replacement treatments are marketed to women. " MA ii To my wonderful family for their love and support as I followed my dream. I am thrilled to achieve this goal but I didn't do it alone. I am grateful for the understanding my husband Mark and my three children offered and the sacrifices they made to support this dream. Thank you so very much. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
New Super-Junction LDMOS Breaking Silicon Limit by Multi-Ring Assisted Depletion Substrate

A novel super-junction (SJ) lateral double-diffused MOSFET with the multi-ring substrate (M-R SJ-LDMOS) is proposed for the first time. The substrate-assisted depletion (SAD) effect is eliminated by the n-type M-R to realize a balanced symmetric SJ with the low specific ON-resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {on,sp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). Meanwhile, more uniform lateral and vertical electric field distributions are obtained under the surface and bulk electric field modulation effect, which leads to the enhancement of breakdown voltage (BV). The simulation results show that the BV of M-R SJ-LDMOS is increased by 427.2% and 81.2% in comparison with the conventional SJ-LDMOS and buffered step doping (BSD) SJ-LDMOS with the same drift region length, respectively. In addition, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {on,sp}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of M-R SJ-LDMOS is reduced by 18.6% and 80.3% than that of BSD SJ-LDMOS and the conventional SJ-LDMOS. The figure-of-merit (FOM) of M-R SJ-LDMOS is 5.81 MW/cm<sup>2</sup>, which means the performance of M-R SJ-LDMOS is so excellent to break the silicon limit. +Moreover, the application of highly doped substrate (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${3} \times {10}^{{15}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<sup>−3</sup>) in M-R SJ-LDMOS cuts the cost of substrate.
Land use land cover dynamics at Bilate Alaba sub-watershed, southern Ethiopia

This study was intended to detect land use/land cover changes over 44 years in the Bilate Alaba Subwatersed, Southern Ethiopia. Four Landsat images (1972, 1986, 2008 and 2017) were used to as inputs to produce four land cover maps of the subwatershed; ERDAS imagine and ArcGIS software were utilized to accomplish the analysis. In the period between 1972 to1986 cultivated and settlement showed an incremental change by 280.91 and 71.43 ha respectively, while bare land and shrub & grass land decreased by 225.26 and 140.25 ha respectively. In the period 1986 to 2008 cultivated and bare land increased by 105.13 and 52.90 ha while forest and shrub & grass land decreased by 103.41 and 50.84 ha respectively. Between 2008 and 2017 settlement and bare land increased by 83.20 and 65.54 ha respectively while shrub & grass land and forest land decreased by 112.59 and 46.16 ha respectively. The results showed that cultivated land and settlement land expanded by 67.38% and 532% respectively whereas forest land, shrub land &grass land declined by 66.35%, 18.36% respectively over the analysis period (1972-2017). There should be appropriate rural land use/management policy by identifying proper land for specific purpose so that degraded lands would not put under cultivation. Keywords: Land use, Land cover, GIS, Landsat
GRADIENTS AND FLOWS: CONTINUOUS OPTIMIZATION APPROACHES TO THE MAXIMUM FLOW PROBLEM

We use the lens of the maximum flow problem, one of the most fundamental problems in algorithmic graph theory, to describe a new framework for design of graph algorithms. At a high level, this framework casts the graph problem at hand as a convex optimization task and then applies to it an appropriate method from the continuous optimization toolkit. We survey how this new approach led to the first in decades progress on the maximum flow problem and then briefly sketch the challenges that still remain.
Knowledge of HPV, Perception of Risk, and Intent to obtain HPV Vaccination among sampled Male University Students at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Knowledge of HPV, Perception of Risk, and Intent to Obtain HPV Vaccination among sampled Male University Students at Minnesota State University, Mankato. By Lia M. Lambert, Minnesota State University, Mankato, MN Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the U.S. HPV is known to cause many types of cancers such as cervical, vulvar, vaginal, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. A preventative measure, the HPV vaccine, is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control for both boys and girls. Since past prevention efforts primarily focused on female vaccination it is uncertain if males are aware of HPV, its effects and preventative measures. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge level of HPV, perceived risk of HPV and intent to obtain HPV vaccination among male university students. Participants (n=361) completed a 31item electronic survey administered by email. Responses to knowledge-based questions indicted relatively low levels of knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccinations. Fifty percent knew that HPV was the most common STI, over half (52%) knew of the HPV association with multiple cancers, only 39% could correctly identify the virus and twothirds of participants were unable to identify the virus strains controlled by vaccination. A significant portion of participants either agreed (54%) or strongly agreed (19%) that they were at a high risk for HPV. Most participants either agreed (49%) or strongly agreed (39%) that unprotected sexual activity put them at risk but nearly half (46%) were unaware that HPV vaccinations were available for males. Despite risk acknowledgment and over 50% vaccine awareness, 86% were not vaccinated and 65% of these participants did not plan to become vaccinated. In addition, of the 86% who were not vaccinated,
J OURNAL OF I NFORMATION T ECHNOLOGY T HEORY AND A PPLICATION

: Organizations that are not efficient and innovative today quickly become irrelevant tomorrow. Ambidexterity (i.e., simultaneously conducting two seemingly contradicting activities, such as exploitation and exploration) helps organizations to overcome this challenge and, hence, has become increasingly popular with manifold applications in information systems (IS) research. However, we lack a systematic understanding of ambidexterity research, its research streams, and their future trajectory. Hence, we conduct a systematic literature review on ambidexterity in IS research and identify six distinct research streams that use an ambidexterity lens: IT-enabled organizational ambidexterity, ambidextrous IT capability, ambidexterity in IS development, ambidextrous IS strategy, ambidextrous inter-organizational relationships, and organizational ambidexterity in IS. We present the current state of research in each stream. More so, we comprehensively overview application areas, conceptualizations, antecedents for, and outcomes of ambidexterity. Hence, this study contributes to the emergent theme of ambidexterity in IS research.
Occupational Stress in the Service Professions

Introduction: Context, Theories and Intervention. The DISC Model: Demand-Induced Strain Compensation Mechanisms in Job Stress. Measurement and Methodological Issues in Work Stress Research. Correctional Conventional Wisdom is Often Misleading: Police Stress Within an Organizational Health Framework. Burnout among Oncology Care Providers. Senior Nurses: Interventions to Reduce Work Stress. Work Stress and its Effects in General Practitioners. Teacher Stress. Stress in University Academics. Prostitution: An Illustration of Occupational Stress in 'Dirty Work'. Social Workers and Human Service Practitioners. Clergy in Crisis. Stress in Psychological Work. Volunteering Work Stress and Satisfaction at the turn of the 21st Century. Conclusion.