Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SimaticScan: Towards A Specialised Vulnerability Scanner for Industrial Control Systems

Over the years, modern Industrial Control Systems (ICS) have become widely computerised and connected via the Internet and are, therefore, potentially vulnerable to cyber attacks. Currently there is a lack of vulnerability scanners specialised to ICS settings. Systems such as PLCScan and ModScan output pertinent information from a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). However, they do not offer any information as to how vulnerable a PLC is to an attack. In this paper, we address these limitations and propose SimaticScan, a vulnerability acanner specialised to Siemens SIMATIC PLCs. Through experimentation in a comprehensive water treatment testbed, we demonstrate SimaticScan's effectiveness in determining a range of vulnerabilities across three distinct PLCs, including a previously unknown vulnerability in one of the PLCs. Our experiments also show that SimaticScan outperforms the widely used Nessus vulnerability scanner (with relevant ICS-specific plugins deployed).
SAT-415 Action of Neurotensin, CRH, And RFRP-3 in E2-Induced Negative Feedback Control: Studies Using a Mouse Arc Hypothalamic Cell Model

Abstract The recently established immortalized hypothalamic cell model mHypoA-55 possesses characteristics similar to those of Kiss-1 neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) region of the hypothalamus. Here, we show that Kiss-1 gene expression in these cells was downregulated by 17β-estradiol (E2) under certain conditions. Both neurotensin (NT) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) were expressed in these cells and upregulated by E2. Stimulation of mHypoA-55 cells with NT and CRH significantly decreased Kiss-1 mRNA expression. A mammalian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone homolog, RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), was also found to be expressed in mHypoA-55 cells, and RFRP-3 expression in these cells was increased by exogenous melatonin stimulation. E2 stimulation also upregulated RFRP-3 expression in these cells. Stimulation of mHypoA-55 cells with RFRP-3 significantly increased the expression of NT and CRH. Furthermore, melatonin stimulation resulted in the increase of both NT and CRH mRNA expression in mHypoA-55 cells. On the other hand, in experiments using mHypoA-50 cells, which were originally derived from hypothalamic neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, Kiss-1 gene expression was upregulated by both NT and CRH, although E2 increased both NT and CRH expression, similarly to the mHypoA-55 cells. Our observations using the hypothalamic ARC cell model mHypoA-55 suggest that NT and CRH have inhibitory effects on Kiss-1 gene expression under the influence of E2 in association with RFRP-3 expression. Thus, these neuropeptides might be involved in E2-induced negative feedback mechanisms.
Skin Cancer (Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Malignant Melanoma): New Cases, Treatment Practice, and Health Care Costs in New Brunswick, Canada, 2002–2010

Background: In Canada, there is no formal process for registering nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC); thus, the epidemiology, treatment practices, and associated health costs are not well known. Objectives: To investigate trends in new cases of skin cancer, treatment practices, and health care costs in New Brunswick, Canada. Methods: Data were extracted from the Provincial Cancer Registry and New Brunswick administrative health databases for 2002–2010. Results: New cases: Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) was the most common skin cancer diagnosed, and incidence rates significantly increased between 1992 and 2010. Treatment practice: Dermatologists managed the majority (45%) of the overall skin cancer treatments. Health care costs: NMSC accounted for ˜80% of the health care costs for skin cancer and was dominated by BCC. Conclusions: Development of best practice treatment guidelines for NMSC in New Brunswick would improve future health care efficiencies, and standard protocols for registering new cases of NMSC in Canada would strengthen surveillance and reporting capacity.
Which adenomas are detected by fecal occult blood testing? A state‐wide analysis from Bavaria, Germany

Guaiac‐based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBTs) are the most widely used noninvasive tests for colorectal cancer screening. While it is well known that they detect only a minority of colorectal adenomas, evidence for the characteristics of adenomas associated with detection is sparse. We derived estimates of the positive likelihood ratio (LR+), a summary measure of diagnostic performance, according to adenoma characteristics by comparing findings at colonoscopy among 19,208 and 181,128 participants who underwent colonoscopy to follow‐up a positive gFOBT and as a primary screening examination, respectively, in Bavaria, Germany, in 2007–2009. Age and sex‐adjusted estimates of LR+ (95% confidence intervals, 95% CI) ranged from 1.09 (1.05–1.13) for adenomas <1 cm to 2.52 (2.30–2.75) for adenomas >2 cm, and were much higher for pedunculated adenomas (1.96, 95% CI 1.85–2.08) than for flat or sessile adenomas (1.11, 95% CI 1.02–1.21 and 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.16, respectively). Villous or tubulovillous structure and dysplasia were likewise associated with a higher chance to be detected by gFOBT. Diagnostic performance was worse for proximal than for distal adenomas (age and sex adjusted LR+:1.16, 95% CI 1.09–1.23 and 1.35, 95% CI 1.29–1.41, respectively) which was explained by the lower proportions of large, pedunculated and nontubular adenomas in the proximal colon. Size, pedunculated shape, and nontubular histology are the key determinants of detection which also explain lower detection rates of adenomas located in the proximal colon.
newborn screening about managing the incidental results of programmes : healthcare provider reasoning Clinical obligations and public health

These include: References http://jme.bmj. com/content/35/10/626.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 30 articles, 12 of which can be accessed free at: service Email alerting box at the top right corner of the online article. Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up in the Topic collections (6149 articles) Screening (public health)  (6132 articles) Screening (epidemiology)  (26244 articles) Child health  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections
Personalized Pseudonyms for Servers in the Cloud

Abstract A considerable and growing fraction of servers, especially of web servers, is hosted in compute clouds. In this paper we opportunistically leverage this trend to improve privacy of clients from network attackers residing between the clients and the cloud: We design a system that can be deployed by the cloud operator to prevent a network adversary from determining which of the cloud’s tenant servers a client is accessing. The core innovation in our design is a PoPSiCl (pronounced “popsicle”), a persistent pseudonym for a tenant server that can be used by a single client to access the server, whose real identity is protected by the cloud from both passive and active network attackers. When instantiated for TLS-based access to web servers, our design works with all major browsers and requires no additional client-side software and minimal changes to the client user experience. Moreover, changes to tenant servers can be hidden in supporting software (operating systems and web-programming frameworks) without imposing on web-content development. Perhaps most notably, our system boosts privacy with minimal impact to web-browsing performance, after some initial setup during a user’s first access to each web server.
[Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with type 1 diabetes mellitus in two Spanish populations].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In order to assess whether vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms are involved in the genetic regulation of type 1 diabetes susceptibility, a case-control study was conducted in two Spanish populations with different genetic backgrounds. PATIENTS AND METHOD 155 patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes and 280 healthy controls from Barcelona, and 89 patients and 116 controls from Navarre were studied for vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in peripheral blood DNA. Intron 8 (BsmI) and exon 2 (FokI) segments were amplified by PCR and sequenced to determine each corresponding genotype. Differences for allele, genotype and combined haplotype and genotype distribution between patients and controls within each population and between the two populations were analyzed. RESULTS BsmI genotype and allele frequencies showed a tendency towards increased bb genotype and b allele frequencies in Barcelona patients and the tendency was inverse in Navarre. FokI polymorphism distribution analysis showed a significant decrease in ff genotype (p = 0.016) in patients versus controls from Navarre. Combined genotypes showed homozygous bb/FF genotype to be increased in Barcelona patients (p = 0.04) whereas homozygous bb/ff genotype was decreased in Navarre patients (p = 0.02) versus their corresponding controls. BF haplotype frequency distribution between patients and controls was inverse and significantly different between Barcelona and Navarre (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Combined genotypes for vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms at intron 8 and exon 2 suggest that the more active form of vitamin D receptor gene (FF genotype) can be increased in Mediterranean diabetic patients whereas the less active form (ff genotype) can be decreased in those from Navarre. Our results suggest that, in both groups, the F allele of exon 2 VDR gene polymorphism may increase type 1 diabetes susceptibility.
Closed Normal Subgroups

Let M be a countable, recursively saturated model of Peano Arithmetic, and let Aut(M) be its automorphism group considered as a topological group with the pointwise stabilizers of finite sets being the basic open subgroups. Kaye proved that the closed normal subgroups are precisely the obvious ones, namely the stabilizers of invariant cuts. A proof of Kaye’s theorem is given here which, although based on his proof, is different enough to yield consequences not obtainable from Kaye’s proof. Mathematics Subject Classification: 03C62, 03H15, 20B27.
Ultrastructural changes in parafollicular cells of Indian sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous longimanus (Hardwicke), during the reproductive cycle

Summary The Indian sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous longimanus, at Nagpur (Maharashtra State) shows continuous asychronous breeding, exhibiting aseasonal polyoestry. The morphology of parafollicular cells (C) cells in the thyroid gland of bat was studied during dif ferent phases of reproductive cycle. During estrus, parafollicular cells are elongated, irregular or oval and lar ger than follicular cells. Golgi apparatus is inconspicuous. Mitochondria, with lamellar cristae, are sparse. Rough endoplasmic reticulum occurs in the form of short tubular profiles dotted with ribosomes. Membrane-bound granules of varying size and electron density are observed in the cytoplasm. During pregnancy most of the parafollicular cells are packed with granules. The Golgi complex is inconspicuous and the rough endoplasmic reticulum is sparse. Multivesicular bodies are observed. During lactation, parafollicular cells exhibit morphological characteristics suggesting low synthetic activity and storage of granules. These morphological findings are discussed in relation to previous findings in other bats and with physiological activities of bat during the different stages of reproduction.
Investigations into Nanostructured Materials for Water Splitting and Direct Solar Energy Harvesting

This thesis deals with di erent aspects of renewable energy transformation and storage concepts and connects them. Although renewable energy installations are growing worldwide, their use is limited by storage technologies. As such, water splitting for hydrogen production and battery technologies are research areas with high potential impact in the 21 century. Especially earth abundant material solutions and integrated technologies that combine solar energy absorption and transformation operando such as photoelectrochemical cells or solar batteries are highly promising concepts. The technical feasibility of large scale electrochemical renewable fuel generation is most limited by overpotential losses at catalysts, their often low abundance, and limited stability. The most active and most widely used materials for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction (HER and OER) are still Pt and Ru, which are very expensive and scarce. For this purpose, we studied delafossite oxides, making use of an intrinsically expanded noble metal sublattice. We observed an operando increasing activity for the materials with the lowest stability in acidic media, outperforming even bulk Pt in the interesting low overpotential region. Detailed investigations into the growth of the corrosion induced cap layers revealed substrate induced strain e ects, modifying the ability of Pd to catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction e ciently. The kinetically facilitated and stabilized phase transition to β-PdHx appears to be induced by these strain e ects, opening up an alternative materials perspective for HER and an interesting pathway to modify material properties and phase transition barriers.
Evaluation Measures for Text Summarization

We explain the ideas of automatic text summarization approaches and the taxonomy of summary evaluation methods. Moreover, we propose a new evaluation measure for assessing the quality of a summary. The core of the measure is covered by Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) which can capture the main topics of a document. The summarization systems are ranked according to the similarity of the main topics of their summaries and their reference documents. Results show a high correlation between human rankings and the LSA-based evaluation measure. The measure is designed to compare a summary with its full text. It can compare a summary with a human written abstract as well; however, in this case using a standard ROUGE measure gives more precise results. Nevertheless, if abstracts are not available for a given corpus, using the LSA-based measure is an appropriate choice.
Diversity and microevolution of CRISPR loci in Helicobacter cinaedi

Helicobacter cinaedi is associated with nosocomial infections. The CRISPR-Cas system provides adaptive immunity against foreign genetic elements. We investigated the CRISPR-Cas system in H. cinaedi to assess the potential of the CRISPR-based microevolution of H. cinaedi strains. A genotyping method based on CRISPR spacer organization was carried out using 42 H. cinaedi strains. The results of sequence analysis showed that the H. cinaedi strains used in this study had two CRISPR loci (CRISPR1 and CRISPR2). The lengths of the consensus direct repeat sequences in CRISPR1 and CRISPR2 were both 36 bp-long, and 224 spacers were found in the 42 H. cinaedi strains. Analysis of the organization and sequence similarity of the spacers of the H. cinaedi strains showed that CRISPR arrays could be divided into 7 different genotypes. Each genotype had a different ancestral spacer, and spacer acquisition/deletion events occurred while isolates were spreading. Spacer polymorphisms of conserved arrays across the strains were instrumental for differentiating closely-related strains collected from the same hospital. MLST had little variability, while the CRISPR sequences showed remarkable diversity. Our data revealed the structural features of H. cinaedi CRISPR loci for the first time. CRISPR sequences constitute a valuable basis for genotyping, provide insights into the divergence and relatedness between closely-related strains, and reflect the microevolutionary process of H. cinaedi.
The protective effect of resveratrol in experimentally induced non-sterile clean wound inflammation in rats.

The effects of resveratrol on haematological and biochemical parameters were investigated in rats that had inflammation induced by experimental non-sterile clean wound technique. Twenty four male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250-300 g were placed into three groups of eight after matching for age, sex and weight. In the sham-operated and resveratrol-treated groups, a 4-cm incision was made on the median line of the rats in order to create a wound. Resveratrol group was administrated resveratrol daily at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day for seven days. At the end of seven days, blood samples were obtained prior to sacrification and then analysed for hematological and biochemical parameters. The mean concentration of the inflammatory markers as CRP, WBC and LDH were significantly lower in resveratrol-treated group compared to the shame-operated group (P<0.05). Similarly, the mean values for WBC and LDH activity were significantly decreased in resveratrol-treated group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Resveratrol-treated group had significantly lower triglyceride concentration whereas sham-operated group had significantly higher glucose concentration when compared with the control values (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively). The results of the present study indicate that resveratrol attenuates inflammation and restores the alterations in blood chemistry induced by experimental clean wound inflammation in rats.
Impact of Endothelial Activation on Infective and Inflammatory Complications after Cardiac Surgery in type II Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose Altered endothelial response has been described in diabetics after cardiac surgery. Infections and inflammatory organ damage often complicate the postoperative course. We evaluated endothelial/cytokine response (ECR) after cardiac surgery and its role on infective/inflammatory complications of type II diabetic patients. Methods Perioperative ECR of 60 diabetic patients (Group A) undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass was compared to that of 60 non-diabetics (Group B). Hemodynamics, endothelial markers [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)], pro-inflammatory (IL-2, IL-6, IL-8) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) were analyzed preoperatively (T0), at time of aortic declamping (T1), at ITU admission (T2), at 12 h (T3) and 24 h (T4) postoperatively. Postoperative infective/inflammatory complications were registered, and the related ECR was analyzed. Results Hemodynamics were comparable. No differences were found in perioperative IL-6 (p=0.776) and IL-8 (p=0.660) between the 2 groups. However, the diabetics showed significantly higher endothelial activation (VEGF p=0.0001, p=0.0001 since T1 to T3; MCP-1 p=0.0001, p<0.007 at T1, T3 and T4) with lower IL-10 (p=0.0001, p<0.05 at T2, T3, T4) and lower IL-2 secretion (p=0.0001, p<0.0001 at T1, T2). Infections developed in 23.3% of the diabetics; inflammatory complications in 13.3%. Those developing infections showed significantly lower IL-2 (p=0.042; p ≤. 021 at T1 and T2) than patients without infections, whereas those with complicated inflammatory lung or renal injury had higher MCP-1 leakage (p=0.006) with lower IL-10 (p=0.005). Conclusions The diabetics showed higher endothelial activation and lower antiinflammatory response to CPB compared to non-diabetics. Infections in diabetic patients correlated with depressed IL-2, while inflammatory complications correlated to higher endothelial activation and lower anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
Microbial community structure analysis and isolation of vanadium-resistant strains in vanadium mining–impacted soil

Vanadium (V) is an essential trace metal for living organisms with broad application, and extensive mining activities have caused heavy metal pollution in the mining area. Currently, there is little information available on the microbial ecology of V mining-impacted soil. Here we report the analysis of microbial community and diversity of V-resistant bacteria in the V-titanium (Ti) magnetite (Fe3O4) mining area in Panzhihua, southwestern China, which is one of the biggest V-Ti Fe3O4 production bases in the world. We found that V made the key contribution to the distribution pattern and microbial community of sampling sites. The sequencing analysis showed high diversity in both surface and subsurface soil samples; in total 129 V-resistant strains (84 strains with V5+-resistance and 45 strains V4+-resistance) were isolated from the metal contaminated soil samples. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were found to be the dominant phyla under both of the cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent approaches. Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Nocardioides, Paenibacillus, Bacillus, and Burkholderia were the dominant V-resistant genera, and their tolerance to V varied among different strains. Arthrobacter was found to be the most dominant genera among the isolated strains. Eight isolates with better resistance to V also showed resistance to more than nine heavy metals as well as several antibiotics. The phylogenetically diverse metal-resistant strains could be potential resources for bioremediation of metal-contaminated soils.
Formation of planetary embryos: effects of fragmentation, low relative velocity, and independent variation of eccentricity and inclination.

An earlier investigation of the formation of approximately 10(26) g planetary embryos from much smaller planetesimals (G.W. Wetherill and G.R. Stewart 1989, Icarus 77, 350-357) has been extended to include the effects of collisional fragmentation, the low relative velocity regime in which the effects due to solar gravity are important, and independent perturbations of eccentricity and inclination. In agreement with this earlier work, it if found that at 1 AU runaway growth occurs on a approximately 10(-5)-year time scale as a consequence of equipartition of energy between large and small planetesimals. It is now seen that the runaway is initiated after approximately 10(4) years, when the relative velocities of the larger bodies temporarily fall into the low-velocity regime, lowering their inclinations and increasing their gravitational capture rates. After approximately 2 X 10(4) years, relative velocities between most bodies emerge from the low-velocity regime, and these higher velocities tend to inhibit further runaway growth. This rapid runaway growth is self-regulated, however, by these same higher velocities, causing fragmentation of the smaller bodies. The velocities of the collision fragments are reduced by gas drag, facilitating their capture by the growing runaway embryos. Variations in which different fragmentation models are used, or long-range forces between nonrunaway bodies are absent, give similar results. When fragmentation is not included, the time scale for growth increases to approximately 3 X 10(5) years as a result of loss of the self-regulating process described above.