Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Provocative Molecular Link between Mammographic Density and BRCA1-loss associated TNBC

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer that has a high mortality rate and disproportionately affects young African American (AA) women who carry mutations in the BRCA1 gene. Approximately 80% of breast cancers which develop in BRCA1-mutant carriers will have TNBC and the molecular mechanism facilitating tumor development is unclear. Our earlier work suggested Ubc9 to play a critical role in BRCA1 loss mediated TNBC cell migration and metastasis. Collagen is one of the major components of the stromal extracellular matrix (ECM) network that influences tissue density. Its re-organization act as a scaffold aiding cancer cells to migrate causing metastasis. Ubc9 is known to increase the production of collagen, a key component of fibroglandular breast tissue, as well as tumorigenesis. Our work is based on the hypothesis that loss of BRCA1 in women with high breast density causes abnormal Ubc9 levels which upregulates collagen, fibronectin and inhibits SIRT1, β-catenin expression facilitating TNBC. We tested this hypothesis by studying the expression of total collagen, fibronectin, Ubc9, SIRT1, β-catenin in BRCA1 mutant TNBC cells and tumor sample derived from patient with dense breasts using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and collagen assay. Our results suggest for the first time that mutation or loss of BRCA1 function in women with fibrocystic breasts can lead to over expression of Ubc9, induction of collagen and; fibronectin, inhibition of SIRT1 and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin which could contribute to TNBC development. This network will aid not only in the identification of potential mechanism-based biomarkers that could detect disease early, but also enforce preventive measures that could reduce the risk for TNBC in women with high MD thus reducing the mortality associated with these cancers to achieve health equity.
Effects of pigments extracted from the marigold flower on egg quality and oxidative stability of the egg yolk lipids in laying hens.

This research aimed to compare the effects of pigments extracted from dried petal meal of marigold flower and synthetic pigments on productive performance of laying hens, egg quality and antioxidant properties of the egg. A total of 64 laying hens, aged 75 weeks, were distributed in a completely randomized design in 4 treatments and 4 replications containing 4 hens per cages. Experimental groups contained: (1) basal diet without pigment; (2) basal diet + 25 ppm commercial synthetic pigment (red canthaxanthin); (3) basal diet + 20 ppm total carotenoids extracted from marigold flower and (4) basal diet + 40 ppm total carotenoids extracted from marigold flower. During a 8-weeks trial, egg production (number and weight), egg quality (height and diameter of the yolk, albumen height, thickness, weight of eggshell, Haugh unit), yolk color index (two methods of Roche yolk color fan and hunter lab instrument) and oxidative stability of egg yolk lipids (based on malondialdehyde value at fresh, 0 and 21th days of room temperature of storage) were measured and analyzed in a completely randomized design. There was no significant difference for egg production and its quality between experimental and control groups. However, the yolk color index in hens consumed natural or synthetic pigment was significantly higher (P<0.01). The oxidative stability of yolk in hens being fed marigold pigment improved significantly after 3 weeks (P<0.05). Consequently, although the intensity of yolk color induced by xanthophyll of marigold flower was lower than synthetic pigments, the yolk color is acceptable for Iranian consumers. In conclusion, the use of marigold as a natural colourant or incorporating its derived antioxidant components in laying hens diets should be economically evaluated.
Extra-Nodal Non-Cutaneous Peripheral T cell Lymphoma: Common Peripheral Blood Findings and Clinical Follow Up

Peripheral T cell lymphoma (TCL) is relatively uncommon and may involve lymph node, skin and extra-nodal non-cutaneous organs. Nodal TCL often presents as systemic disease with unfavorable outcomes. Extra-nodal non-cutaneous TCL, however, may remain as localized disease and be treated differently with favorable prognosis. This study revealed the common peripheral blood findings and clinical follow ups in patients with extra-nodal non-cutaneous mature TCL. There were 9 patients, 5 males and 4 females, median age 52, including 1 extra-nodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type; 1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; 1 enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma and 6 peripheral TCL, not otherwise specified. No patients showed concurrent bone marrow, lymph node or cutaneous involvement by combined pathological and clinical studies. Seven patients had anemia; with associated lymphopenia in 2 patients, thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis in 1 patient each. Three patients received CHOP chemotherapy; 1 with radiation therapy and subsequent chemotherapy; 4 with surgical procedures and 1 with conservative management only. Two patients died of disease after chemotherapy. Seven patients were in remission or alive with disease. Anemia was common in patients with extra-nodal non-cutaneous TCL, which made the patient management more challenging. In comparison with nodal TCL, extra-nodal non-cutaneous TCL in this study remained as localized disease without systemic involvement. Clinical management was more variable with fewer patients receiving chemotherapy. Surgical treatment alone and conservative management were the treatment of choice in more patients with relatively favorable clinical outcome.
Neuroprotective effects of Tiliacora triandra leaf extract in a mice model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion

Objective: The present study investigated possible neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Tiliacora triandra leaf against cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in mice. Materials and Methods: Forty male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly divided into five groups: (1) Sham + 10% Tween 80, (2) bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) + 10% Tween 80, (3) BCCAO + T. triandra 300 mg/kg, (4) BCCAO + T. triandra 600 mg/kg and (5) BCCAO + quercetin 10 mg/kg. Cerebral ischemic-reperfusion (IR) was induced by 30 min of BCCAO followed by 45 min of reperfusion. After IR induction, total brain protein, calcium, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as brain infraction and histopathological changes in vulnerable brain areas, such as the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, were evaluated. Results: The results showed that 2 weeks of pretreatment with T. triandra leaf extract at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg significantly reduced calcium and MDA, but increased GSH and SOD and CAT activities. The extract significantly attenuated brain infarction and neuronal death in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Conclusion: We demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of T. triandra leaf extract against cerebral IR injury in mice.
Gaussian beams in inhomogeneous anisotropic layered structures using dynamic ray tracing in Cartesian coordinates

Gaussian beams, approximate solutions of elastodynamic equation concentrated close to rays of high-frequency seismic body waves, propagating in inhomogeneous anisotropic layered structures, are studied. They have Gaussian amplitude distribution along any straight line profile intersecting the ray. At any point of the ray, the Gaussian distribution of amplitudes is controlled by the 2× 2 complex-valued symmetric matrix M of the second derivatives of the travel-time field with respect to wavefront orthonormal coordinates y1, y2, local Cartesian coordinates in a plane tangential to the wavefront with its origin at the central ray. Matrix M can be simply determined along the ray if the real-valued propagator matrix of the dynamic ray tracing equations (ray propagator matrix) is known and if the value of M is specified at an initial point of the ray. The ray propagator matrix can be calculated along the ray by solving twice the dynamic ray tracing system: once for the real-valued initial plane-wave conditions and once for the real-valued initial pointsource conditions. Alternatively, matrix M can be determined along the ray by solving the dynamic ray tracing system only once, but for complex-valued initial conditions. The dynamic ray tracing can be performed in various coordinate systems (global Cartesian xi, local Cartesian yi, ray-centred qi, etc.).
Clinical Practitioners' Attitudes Concerning the Value of Peer-Reviewed Clinical Case Reports: An Opinion Survey

ABSTRACTDevelopment and advancement of academic clinical faculty is vital to maintaining excellence in pharmacy teaching; promotions and tenure (or promotion in the case of non-tenure-track faculty) is an essential part of this development. In most schools, promotion and tenure committees generally weigh the peer-reviewed case report as having little significance for scholarship. We undertook an opinion survey of clinical pharmacists to determine whether these reports affect patient care and whether end-users ascribe to them the properties generally accorded scholarly work. Five hundred practitioners were surveyed by mail with questions regarding their practice and their opinions and use of case reports. These pharmacists generally indicated that, although research reports are superior to case reports in routine clinical situations, case reports indeed contribute useful new knowledge to the profession, and they appear to have high expectations for the intellectual integrity of these publications. Most of .
NINJAL Research Papers No.8

The objective of this study is to clarify the language-specific characteristics of relative clauses in Japanese through a comparative analysis of relative constructions in Japanese and Bangla along four parameters: i) degree of nominalization in the relative clause, ii) linking of the relative clause with the matrix clause, iii) referential coherence, and iv) application of the noun phrase accessibility hierarchy in the relative clause. I analyze the language-specific characteristics of Japanese relative clauses to cast light on the controversy as to which kinds of complex noun phrases actually have relative clause status, on the basis of the conditions for desentential nominalization and also specific morphosyntactic criteria. With this analysis, I argue that the constituent formed from a finite clause by a two-phase process of desentential nominalization involving one of the arguments of the corresponding finite clause satisfies the morphosyntactic conditions to be a relative clause. The noun phrase satisfying these conditions receives a relative clause interpretation as its head shares a referent with the element in the gap whose presence is indicated by the predicate of the relative clause. *
A spatial dynamic panel approach to modelling the space-time dynamics of interprovincial migration flows in China

Background: Migration plays an increasingly crucial role in regional growth and development. However, most empirical studies fail to simultaneously capture the spatial and temporal aspects of migration flows, and thus fail to reveal how space-time dynamics shape path-dependent migration processes Objective: This study attempts to incorporate space-time dimensions into a traditional gravity model and to measure the impact of regional socioeconomic changes on migration flows. Doing so allows us to better understand the space-time dynamics of complex migration processes. Methods: We construct a spatial dynamic panel data model for dyadic migration flows and decompose origin, destination, and spillover effects into their contemporaneous, short-, and long-term components. We then apply this approach to panel data of interprovincial migration flows in China from 1985 to 2015. Results: The empirical results indicate that space-time interactions are crucial to the formation and evolution of migration flows. Population size and age structure play an important role in the Chinese interprovincial migration process, particularly dominated by significant and positive spillover effects in the contemporaneous period. The relationship between development and migration tends to take an inverted U-shaped curve, a fact not revealed in nonspatial models. Conclusions: This fine-grained decomposition of origin, destination, and spillover effects over contemporaneous, short-, and long-term periods can help understand the spatial and temporal mechanisms of migration and its driving factors. Contribution: We propose a spatial dynamic panel data model for migration flows and estimate space-time effects of regional explanatory variables. This method could be applied to model other flow data such as trade and transportation flows.
AETIOLOGY OF PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS - ROLE OF MINOR SALIVARY GLANDS

8 TIIVISTELMÄ . 9 SAMMANFATTNING . 11 LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS . 12 INTRODUCTION . 14 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 15 1.1 Anatomy and histology of tonsils and salivary glands . 15 1.1.1 Tonsils . 15 1.1.2 Minor salivary glands . 16 1.1.3 Major salivary glands . 16 1.2 Acute tonsillitis (AT) . 16 1.3 Chronic tonsillitis (CT) . 18 1.4 Recurrent tonsillitis (RT) . 18 1.5 Sialadenitis of major salivary glands . 18 1.6 Epidemiology of PTA . 19 1.6. 1 Incidence . 19 1.6. 2 Age . 19 1.6. 3 Gender . 19 1.6. 4 Side . 20 1.7 Clinical characteristics of PTA . 20 1.7. 1 Location of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) . 20 1.7. 2 Recurrence of PTA . 21 1.7. 3 Complications of PTA . 21 1.8 Aetiology of PTA . 22 1.8. 1 Theory of minor salivary glands causing PTA . 22 1.8. 2 Theory of AT causing PTA . 22 1.8. 3 Smoking . 23 1.8. 4 Periodontal disease . 24 1.8. 5 Other possible factors . 24 1.9 Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PTA . 24 1.9. 1 Signs and symptoms of PTA . 24 1.9. 2 Diagnostic tools in PTA . 25 1.9. 3 Peritonsillitis (PT) . 26 1.9. 4 Mononucleosis . 26 1.9. 5 Retroand parapharyngeal abscess . 26 1.9. 6 Intratonsillar abscess (ITA) . 27
Medical Pharmacology at a Glance

Introduction: Principles of Drug Action Drug-Receptor Interactions Drug Absorption, Distribution and Excretion Drug Metabolism Local Anaesthetics Drugs Acting at the Neuromuscular junction Autonomic nervous system Autonomic drugs acting at cholinergic synapses Drugs acting on the symphathetic system Ocular Pharmacology Asthma, Hay Fever and Anaphylaxis Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal Tract. I: Peptic Ulcer Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal Tract. II: Motility and Secretions Drugs Acting on the Kidney - Diuretics Drugs used in Hypertension Drugs used in Angina Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs Drugs used in Heart Failure Drugs used to Affect Blood Coagulation Lipid-Lowering Drugs Agents used in Anaemias Central Transmitter Substances General Anaesthetics Anxiolytics and Hypnotics Antiepileptic Drugs Drugs used in Parkinsonism Drugs used in Psychosis - Neuroleptics Drugs used in Affective Disorders - Antidepressants Opioid Analgesics Drugs used in Nausea and Vertigo (Anti-emetics) Drug Misuse and Dependence Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Corticosteroids Sex Hormones and Drugs Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs Antidiabetic Agents Antimicrobial Drugs that Inhibit Nucleic Acid Synthesis: Sulphonamides, Trimethoprim, Quinolones and Nitroimidazoles Antimicrobial Drugs that Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis: Penicillins, Cephalosporins and Vancomycin Antimicrobial Drugs that Inhibit Protein Synthesis: Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, macrolides and chloramphenicol Antifungal and Antiviral Drugs Drugs Acting on Parasites. I: Helminths (Worms) Drugs Acting on Parasites. II: Protozoa Drugs used in Cancer Poisoning Adverse Drug Reactions Index
Breeding Progress for morphology and genetic pattern in Helianthus annuus L

Abstract: Two field experiments were conducted during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 to evaluate the achene yield of single cross (F1) sunflower hybrids. Seven lines and three testers were crossed in Line × tester fashion and cross combination (A-18 × G-79) was found the most promising early mature hybrid for plant height, head diameter, 100 achene weight and achene yield/plant. It was found that plant height and 100 achene weight had positive and significant SCA effects for cross combination A-18 × G-79. The additive variances (σA) was more for plant height, head diameter, 100 achene weight and achene yield per plant as compared to dominance variances (σD) and high heritability was found in these traits. Heterosis and heterobiltosis of plant height, 100-acehne weight and achene yield/plant were found the most significant (p* < 0.01) for cross combination A-18 × G-79. The present study results demonstrated that A-18 × G-79 hybrid has potential to obtain high yielding genotypes in arid/semiarid regions such as Pakistan. [Kanwal N, Sadaqat HA, Ali Q, Ali F, Bibi I and Niazi NK. Breeding Progress for morphology and genetic pattern in Helianthus annuus L. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):49-56]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 6
Assessment of collateral blood flow in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging

Collateral blood flow is the compensatory flow of blood to the tissue through secondary channels when the primary channel is compromised. It is of vital importance in cerebrovascular disease where collateral flow can maintain large regions of brain tissue which would otherwise have suffered ischaemic damage. Traditional x-ray based techniques for visualising collateral flow are invasive and carry risks to the patient. In this thesis novel magnetic resonance imaging techniques for performing vessel-selective labelling of brain feeding arteries are explored and developed to reveal the source and extent of collateral flow in the brain non-invasively and without the use of contrast agents. Vessel-encoded pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling (VEPCASL) allows the selective labelling of blood water in different combinations of brain feeding arteries that can be combined in post-processing to yield vascular territory maps. The mechanism of VEPCASL was elucidated and optimised through simulations of the Bloch equations and phantom experiments, including its sensitivity to sequence parameters, blood velocity and off-resonance effects. An implementation of the VEPCASL pulse sequence using an echo-planar imaging (EPI) readout was applied in healthy volunteers to enable optimisation of the post-labelling delay and choice of labelling plane position. Improvements to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and motion-sensitivity were made through the addition of background suppression pulses and a partial-Fourier scheme. Experiments using a three-dimensional gradient and spin echo (3D-GRASE) readout were somewhat compromised by significant blurring in the slice direction, but showed potential for future work with a high SNR and reduced dropout artefacts. The VEPCASL preparation was also applied to a dynamic 2D angiographic readout, allowing direct visualisation of collateral blood flow in the brain as well as a morphological and functional assessment of the major cerebral arteries. The application of a balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) readout significantly increased the acquisition efficiency, allowing the generation of dynamic 3D vessel-selective angiograms. A theoretical model of the dynamic angiographic signal was also derived, allowing quantification of blood flow through specified vessels, providing a significant advantage over qualitative x-ray based methods. Finally, these methods were applied to a number of patient groups, including those with vertebro-basilar disease, carotid stenosis and arteriovenous malformation. These preliminary studies demonstrate that useful clinical information regarding collateral blood flow can be obtained with these techniques.
Wealth Effects of Bond Rating Announcements

This paper employs meta-analysis methodology to reconcile the diverse international empirical evidence on the effects of bond rating announcements on the stock prices of the issuing firms. The random-effects model meta-analysis of 53 published studies and 421 sub-samples of data covering a range of countries and 44,713 bond rating announcements reveals an average cumulative abnormal stock return of -1.64% associated with the bond downgrades and an average cumulative abnormal stock return of 0.28% associated with the bond upgrades. Factors such as initial bond rating, issuer location, announcement period, and rating change size have significant effects on the size of the abnormal stock returns around the rating announcement dates. (JEL: G14)
Massive – the concepts of size and scale addressed by out-of-school learning

In the light of the new curriculum, this study describes how grade 7 and 8 students in South Africa engaged with the notion of size and scale in the Solar System and beyond before, during and after a visit to an astronomy science centre. Using a combination of concept maps, observations and interviews, results indicate that, despite contrary suggestions in the literature, students aged 13- to 15-years are able to improve their conceptions from naive and conflicting knowledge to a more scientific understanding of mass, size and distance after their visit. The paper argues that a combination of related, themed experiences related to size and scale can account for the improvement, and recommends that such activities should be explicitly promoted at science centres.
Correlation between Compliance of Protein Diet and Clinical Symptoms among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Who Are Undergoing Hemodialysis

The compliance of protein diet of CKD patient is undergoing hemodialysis has an important role in reducing the kidney works and maintaining the weight.Thesymptoms will emerge due to the patients inability to processing the metabolism waste as the organ failure. An effort to reduce those symptoms is by dieting. The objective of this research is to ﬁnd out the correlation between compliance of protein diet and clinical symptoms among patients with CKD who are underging hemodialysis. Method used a quantitative correlation with cross sectional approach, was conducted involving 90 people as respondents. A convenience sampling has been used to recruit the participan. The compliance of protein diet measured by food record and the clinical symptoms measured by Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI). The result of this research showed that 76,7% of respondents are categorized as non-compliance to the protein diet and 85,6% of the respondents categorized as feeling the reaction of the clinical symptoms. there is poor correlation between the compliance of protein diet and the clinical symptoms with p-value 0.010 (p<0.05) with value correlation coefﬁcient (+0,284). This study shows most of patients not following the diet and result in the clinical symptoms burden, better understanding of factors that contribute to clinical symptoms need to be developed to improve patients outcomes.