Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflections of men and women in advanced old age on being born the other sex

ABSTRACT The study reported in this paper is part of the Umeå 85+ project in Sweden. The aim was to investigate gender perspectives among ‘the oldest old’, by asking men and women in advanced old age living in a sparsely populated area of northern Sweden to reflect on how life might have been if they had been born the other sex. Thematic narratives from nine men and seven women were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The content of these narratives was resolved into eight categories in two domains, respectively men's and women's reflections about being born the opposite sex. The narratives of both the men and women indicated that they were satisfied with their actual birth sex. The men were aware that if they had been born female, they would probably have experienced more hard work and had a more restricted life, and they were conscious of both women's relative powerlessness and their greater ability to manage and organise work within the home. The women's narratives described a femininity characterised by longing for a state of being unconcerned when young, and their narratives also displayed awareness of women's physical strength and that men's lives had also been hard.
Very low frequency sferic bursts, sprites, and their association with lightning activity

[1] Recent observations have revealed the occurrence of burst-like VLF activity, lasting from tens of milliseconds up to a few seconds, associated with the onset of many sprites. These “sferic bursts” are thought to be due to the horizontal in-cloud component of lightning activity, since they have been observed to propagate only short distances (a few hundred kilometers) in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide and are generally not reported by lightning detection networks. The possible involvement of in-cloud lightning in sprite production has been previously suggested on the basis of the observed long delays and spatial displacement between causative cloud-to-ground (CG) discharges and sprite events. In this work, we investigate the association between sprites and sferic bursts using VLF data and a large set of sprite observations between 1995 and 2000. We compare the occurrence of sferic bursts in association with sprites for thousands of observations through many different dates and thunderstorms. Results indicate that sprite-causative CGs are more commonly found in association with bursts of sferic activity than those CG discharges without sprites and that, furthermore, the distribution of sferic burst VLF energy is significantly higher for sprite-associated events. We further investigate the source of these bursts by comparing VLF data to Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) data of VHF pulses due to lightning. Such comparisons show that most sferic burst events can be explained as radiation from the horizonal in-cloud components of +CG lightning, as detected by the LMA.
MYC regulates the HIF-2α stemness pathway via Nanog and Sox2 to maintain self-renewal in cancer stem cells versus non-stem cancer cells.

Cancer stem cells (CSC) maintain both undifferentiated self-renewing CSCs and differentiated, non-self-renewing non-CSCs through cellular division. However, molecular mechanisms that maintain self-renewal in CSCs versus non-CSCs are not yet clear. Here, we report that in a transgenic mouse model of MYC-induced T cell leukemia, MYC maintains self-renewal in Sca1+ CSCs versus Sca-1- non-CSCs. MYC preferentially bound to the promoter and activated HIF-2α in Sca-1+ cells only. Further, the reprogramming factors Nanog and Sox2 facilitated MYC regulation of HIF-2α in Sca-1+ versus Sca-1- cells. Reduced expression of HIF-2α inhibited the self-renewal of Sca-1+ cells; this effect was blocked through suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or the knock down of p53, Nanog or Sox2. Similar results were seen in ABCG2+ CSCs versus ABCG2- non-CSCs from primary human T cell lymphoma. Thus, MYC maintains self-renewal exclusively in CSCs by selectively binding to the promoter and activating the HIF-2α stemness pathway. Identification of this stemness pathway as a unique CSC determinant may have significant therapeutic implications.
Social Norms Shift Behavioral and Neural Responses to Foods

Obesity contributes to 2.8 million deaths annually, making interventions to promote healthy eating critical. Although preliminary research suggests that social norms influence eating behavior, the underlying psychological and neural mechanisms of such conformity remain unexplored. We used fMRI to investigate whether group norms shift individuals' preferences for foods at both behavioral and neural levels. Hungry participants rated how much they wanted to eat a series of healthy and unhealthy foods and, after each trial, saw ratings that ostensibly represented their peers' preferences. This feedback was manipulated such that peers appeared to prefer each food more than, less than, or as much as participants themselves. After a delay, participants rerated each food. Participants' second ratings shifted to resemble group norms. Initial consensus, as compared to disagreement, with peers produced activity in the nucleus accumbens, a region associated with reward prediction errors. Furthermore, the strength of this activity predicted the extent to which participants' ratings conformed to peer ratings, suggesting that the value associated with consensus drives social influence. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC), a region associated with value computation, initially responded more strongly to unhealthy, as compared to healthy, foods. However, this effect was “overwritten” by group norms. After individuals learned their peers' preferences, vMPFC responses tracked the popularity, but not the healthfulness, of foods. Furthermore, changes in vMPFC activity tracked social influence over behavioral ratings. These data provide evidence that group norms can shift food preferences, supporting the use of norms-based interventions to promote healthy eating.
Trust: A Continuing Imperative

The issues regarding health care to the African American population have been examined from a number of angles. The authors argue that the trust between provider and patient is both critical and not well understood. This article examines reasons for resistance from African American patients and the historical, cultural, and psychological roots of the mistrust forming that resistance. Issues influencing the development of trusting attitudes needed for effective participation in their own care are examined, and the role of attachment in developing the ability to trust those with the power is seen as highly significant.
Stellarex Drug-Coated Balloon for Treatment of Femoropopliteal Disease

Background: Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) are a predominant revascularization therapy for symptomatic femoropopliteal artery disease. Because of the differences in excipients, paclitaxel dose, and coating morphologies, varying clinical outcomes have been observed with different DCBs. We report the results of 2 studies investigating the pharmacokinetic and clinical outcomes of a new DCB to treat femoropopliteal disease. Methods: In the ILLUMENATE Pivotal Study (Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind, U.S. Multi-Center Study to Evaluate Treatment of Obstructive Superficial Femoral Artery or Popliteal Lesions With A Novel Paclitaxel-Coated Percutaneous Angioplasty Balloon), 300 symptomatic patients (Rutherford class 2–4) were randomly assigned to DCB (n=200) or standard angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty [PTA]) (n=100). The primary safety end point was freedom from device- and procedure-related death through 30 days, and freedom from target limb major amputation and clinically driven target lesion revascularization through 12 months. The primary effectiveness end point was primary patency through 12 months. In the ILLUMENATE PK study (Pharmacokinetic Study of the Stellarex Drug-Coated Angioplasty Balloon), paclitaxel plasma concentrations were measured after last DCB deployment and at prespecified times (at 1, 4, 24 hours and at 7 and 14 days postprocedure) until no longer detectable. Results: In the ILLUMENATE Pivotal Study, baseline characteristics were similar between groups: 50% had diabetes mellitus, 41% were women, mean lesion length was 8.3 cm, and 44% were severely calcified. The primary safety end point was met (92.1% for DCB versus 83.2% for PTA, P=0.025 for superiority) and the primary patency rate was significantly higher with DCB (76.3% for DCB versus 57.6% for PTA, P=0.003). Primary patency per Kaplan-Meier estimates at day 365 was 82.3% for DCB versus 70.9% for PTA (P=0.002). The rate of clinically driven target lesion revascularization was significantly lower in the DCB cohort (7.9% versus 16.8%, P=0.023). Improvements in ankle-brachial index, Rutherford class, and quality of life were comparable, but the PTA cohort required twice as many revascularizations. Pharmacokinetic outcomes showed that all patients had detectable paclitaxel levels after DCB deployment that declined within the first hour (54.4±116.9 ng/mL to 1.4±1.0 ng/mL). Conclusions: The data demonstrate superior safety and effectiveness of the Stellarex DCB in comparison with PTA, and plasma levels of paclitaxel fall to low levels within 1 hour. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifiers: NCT01858428 and NCT01912937.
Tumor-Specific Uptake of Fluorescent Bevacizumab–IRDye800CW Microdosing in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer: A Phase I Feasibility Study

Purpose: To provide proof of principle of safety, breast tumor–specific uptake, and positive tumor margin assessment of the systemically administered near-infrared fluorescent tracer bevacizumab–IRDye800CW targeting VEGF-A in patients with breast cancer. Experimental Design: Twenty patients with primary invasive breast cancer eligible for primary surgery received 4.5 mg bevacizumab–IRDye800CW as intravenous bolus injection. Safety aspects were assessed as well as tracer uptake and tumor delineation during surgery and ex vivo in surgical specimens using an optical imaging system. Ex vivo multiplexed histopathology analyses were performed for evaluation of biodistribution of tracer uptake and coregistration of tumor tissue and healthy tissue. Results: None of the patients experienced adverse events. Tracer levels in primary tumor tissue were higher compared with those in the tumor margin (P < 0.05) and healthy tissue (P < 0.0001). VEGF-A tumor levels also correlated with tracer levels (r = 0.63, P < 0.0002). All but one tumor showed specific tracer uptake. Two of 20 surgically excised lumps contained microscopic positive margins detected ex vivo by fluorescent macro- and microscopy and confirmed at the cellular level. Conclusions: Our study shows that systemic administration of the bevacizumab–IRDye800CW tracer is safe for breast cancer guidance and confirms tumor and tumor margin uptake as evaluated by a systematic validation methodology. The findings are a step toward a phase II dose-finding study aimed at in vivo margin assessment and point to a novel drug assessment tool that provides a detailed picture of drug distribution in the tumor tissue. Clin Cancer Res; 23(11); 2730–41. ©2016 AACR.
Avaliação da eficiência de deltametrina (K-othrine CE) no controle de Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae), no município de Santa Rita, Paraíba, Brasil

Deltamethrin in emulsion concentrate was applied in doses of 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0mg/m2, in households near the littoral of the State of Paraiba, where sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported. There was a remarkable decrease in populations of several arthropods, including Lutzomyia longipalpis. This insect, however, was found again in some treated walls, 14 and 21 days after spraying. Statistical analysis indicated significant control for onfy two four-weeks periods, with extreme irregularity in the quantity captured.
Correlation between First-Trimester Maternal Serum Markers, Second-Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler Indices and Pregnancy Outcome

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between first trimester maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (fBHCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA), second-trimester uterine artery (UA) Doppler measurements and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Serum levels of PAPPA and fBHCG were determined at the first trimester, and patients underwent bilateral UA Doppler assessments at 20–25 weeks of gestation. A serum PAPPA level <0.4 MoM was termed as low and the abnormal Doppler findings were the presence of bilateral notches and RI >0.52 (mean) or unilateral notch and RI >0.66 (90th percentile). Results: Mean PAPPA level was significantly lower in cases with unilateral or bilateral notches (1.09; 0.79 and 0.80 MoM for 0, 1 and 2 notches, p < 0.001). Fifty-two cases (12.8%) had a low PAPPA level; in this group the incidence of abnormal Doppler was significantly higher (34.6 vs. 18.4%, p = 0.011). In the presence of abnormal Doppler in a case with a low serum PAPPA the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR = 4.56, p = 0.0067), low birth weight (OR = 6.8, p = 0.0002) and the risk of at least one complication (OR = 7.6, p = 0.00001) were significantly high. Conclusion: Combination of first- and second-trimester findings might improve the efficiency of screening for pregnancy complications.
Recent trends in interstitial lung disease: Study of 25 cases -

Introduction: Interstitial lung disease accounts for more than 200 etiology. There has been worldwide increase in diagnosis of interstitial lung disease because of the help of recent advance diagnostic tools. The aim & objective are to study age & sex distribution, to correlate symptoms & pulmonary function, role of HRCT as etiology diagnosis particular in interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, to study ECG & 2D ECHO changes and to study pulmonary function test pattern. Materials & methods: This was the study of 25 cases of interstitial lung disease in which various parameters like DLCO, PFT, 2D ECHO, ECG, identification of etiology, assessment of prognosis & role of immunosuppressant, steroids were studied. The exclusion criteria was age
A baby chooses to emerge out from the posterior cervical tear in a prostaglandin induced labor

A case is described where a live baby chooses to come out, tearing apart the posterior cervix as a result of effective uterine contractions in association with closed external cervical os in a prostaglandin E2 induced, postdated pregnancy in a primigravida with neonatal survival. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/njog.v3i2. 10835 Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol.3(2) 2008; 57-58
Trends in Emergency Department Visits and Charges for Gout in the United States between 2006 and 2012

Objective. To examine temporal trends in the rate of gout emergency department (ED) visits and charges in the United States between 2006 and 2012. Methods. A serial cross-sectional analysis of the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample. Results. The rate of ED visits for gout in adults overall increased from 75.0 to 85.4 per 100,000 persons over the study period (14% increase, p < 0.001), and increased 29% for those aged 45–54 years. Nationwide ED charges increased from $156 million to $281 million (80% increase, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Between 2006 and 2012, the rate of gout ED visits increased among US adults, most notably in those aged 45–54 years.
Making Person Centred Care A Reality

This workshop will showcase innovative work that was led by Helen Sanderson Associates, which culminated in developing ‘Living Well: Thinking and Planning for the End of Your Life’. This work brought together Hull City Council Adult Social Care, Humber and Yorkshire Coast Cancer Network, City Healthcare Partnership, Macmillan, Hull Churches Home from Hospital, Dove House Hospice, patients and carers to consider how person centred thinking tools could be used within a patients journey to increase the quality of their experience of palliative and end of life care. One example of its practical implementation is Edna. Edna is an older person who has dementia. By training and supporting staff in using the tools in their conversations with Edna and her family, staff have gained a better insight into who she is as an individual, her preferences, beliefs and care needs. We have mapped Edna's clinical journey and identified where these tools will provide information to inform health and social care professionals to understand what is important to Edna and what best support looks like. This work is an innovative mechanism for working across health, social care and the third sector. The work adds to what is already known, by providing a method for gathering person centred information that can be used in Advance Care Planning to ensure the care provided is the best possible quality for that individual and their carer. Overall, this workshop will provide a clear example of how person-centred care can be achieved in current service provision.
Worse patient-reported outcome after lateral approach than after anterior and posterolateral approach in primary hip arthroplasty

Background — The surgical approach in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is often based on surgeon preference and local traditions. The anterior muscle-sparing approach has recently gained popularity in Europe. We tested the hypothesis that patient satisfaction, pain, function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after THA is not related to the surgical approach. Patients — 1,476 patients identified through the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register were sent questionnaires 1–3 years after undergoing THA in the period from January 2008 to June 2010. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) included the hip disability osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), visual analog scales (VAS) addressing pain and satisfaction, and questions about complications. 1,273 patients completed the questionnaires and were included in the analysis. Results — Adjusted HOOS scores for pain, other symptoms, activities of daily living (ADL), sport/recreation, and quality of life were significantly worse (p < 0.001 to p = 0.03) for the lateral approach than for the anterior approach and the posterolateral approach (mean differences: 3.2–5.0). These results were related to more patient-reported limping with the lateral approach than with the anterior and posterolateral approaches (25% vs. 12% and 13%, respectively; p < 0.001). Interpretation — Patients operated with the lateral approach reported worse outcomes 1–3 years after THA surgery. Self-reported limping occurred twice as often in patients who underwent THA with a lateral approach than in those who underwent THA with an anterior or posterolateral approach. There were no significant differences in patient-reported outcomes after THA between those who underwent THA with a posterolateral approach and those who underwent THA with an anterior approach.
Assessment of the application level of radiation protection and awareness of radiation safety regulations among the radiographers at Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia

A strong relation between cancers and radiation exposure has been reported. Radiation may damage DNA in the cell. Therefore, radiation protection program must be applied in the radiology department. Morover, the radiographer should have high level of awareness and risk assessment for radiation. Personal radiation monitoring is one of the main radiation protection, especially for pregnant worker and her fetus. This study was conducted to evaluate the application, awareness and risk assessment levels of radiation protection among radiographers at hospitals in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. This was a descriptive study, applying a cross sectional survey at hospitals in Yogyakarta. The subjects were radiographers of both governmental and private hospitals. There were 101 respondents from a total of 124 radiographers. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using Chi Square test. The study revealed that 69.3% of the respondents had low application level of radiation protection, 19.8% did not know the meaning of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable), 50.5% were not aware of Inverse Square Law. The study also reported that 36.6% of the respondents did not know the amount of radiation that entered their body last year, 61.4% of radiographers thought that the risk assessment of radiation was not enough, 18.8% of radiographers were never use any radiation monitoring device, and 90.1% stated that there was no additional protection or radiation monitoring to the pregnant radiographer. However, there were no significant differences between duration of working, type of imaging modality, academic level, and training course for radiation protection. In conclusion, there was no difference in the application, awareness, and risk assessment levels of radiation protection among the radiographers at hospital in Yogyakarta Special Region between duration of working, type of medical imaging modality, academic level, and training on radiation protection. In addition, the application, awareness, and risk assessment levels of radiation protection were not sufficient. Key words: radiation protection – ALARA – radiographer – hospital – risk assessment
Family-to-Family Link Up Program: a community-based initiative supporting families caring for someone with an acquired brain injury.

INTRODUCTION The Family To Family Link Up Program (f2f Link Up) is a pilot program aimed to promote connections between families who have a family member with an Acquired Brain Injury. METHODS A total of 46 families participated in the program coordinated by The Bouverie Centre in Melbourne Victoria. Link-Ups, involving one or several sessions with members from two or more families. Link-Ups were conducted by Victorian metropolitan and regional ABI workers who were trained as Link-Up facilitators. A co-operative inquiry action research methodology was used to provide insights into the development and implementation of the program. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from families and facilitators on the effectiveness of the program and their experience of each Link Up session. RESULTS Evaluation of the program showed positive impacts for both families and facilitators and provided useful feedback on program implementation issues, benefits and constraints of the program. CONCLUSIONS The opportunity to meet other families in brief, time-limited contacts with a trained facilitator is a useful and needed addition to a range of supports that might assist families caring for a member with an acquired brain injury.
Examining Elements of Campus Sexual Violence Policies

The promulgation of sexual violence policies can be viewed from both criminal justice and public health perspectives. The public health model focuses on prevention through health promotion in contrast to a criminal justice analysis based primarily on deterrence. Because each perspective has a unique focus, policies may have different implications and outcomes. This study subjects campus sexual violence policies to analysis from public health and criminal justice perspectives. Campus sexual violence policies were obtained from a sample of 100 United States colleges and universities in 1998. A descriptive analysis of the types of sexual violence prevention programs and dissemination of knowledge about the policies is presented. Data on actual policies collected were analyzed employing content analytic techniques. Overall, deterrence-based prevention efforts were the most common element, followed by risk- or opportunity-reduction approaches. Implications for campus sexual violence prevention efforts of merging the public health and criminal justice approaches are discussed.