Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of leaf powder of giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) in fish feed on survival and growth of post larvae of Catla catla

The study was designed to evaluate the effect of leaf powder of Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) in fish feed on survival and growth of post larvae of Catla catla. The experiment consisted of five treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) in triplicate. The artificial feed was prepared from de-oiled groundnut cake (49.5%), de-oiled rice bran (49.5%) and vitamin â€“ mineral mixture (1%). The leaf powder of giloy was incorporated into larval feed at various rates. In treatment T1 (control), no leaf powder was incorporated in the feed. In T2, T3, T4 and T5 leaf powder was mixed at the rate of 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%, respectively. One hundred post larvae of C. catla of uniform size (7.3 mm length, 1.5 mg weight) were stocked in each of 5A—3=15 tanks. The larvae were fed twice in a day. The water quality parameters were regularly monitored. The survival rate of post larvae in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were recorded as 95.3, 94.3, 97.0, 98.6 and 100%, respectively. Post larvae fed with diet incorporated with 1% leaf powder achieved significantly enhanced (P< 0.05) specific growth rate (6.97%), feed conversion ratio (2.41) and gross conversion efficiency (0.415). The study revealed that giloy leaf powder has very good growth promoting potential in raising post larvae of carp. Thus, it is recommended that the leaf powder of giloy may be incorporated in fish feed upto 1% for enhancing growth and survival of post larvae of carp fishes up to fry stage.
Dynamic Interaction between Machine, Tool, and Substrate in Bobbin Friction Stir Welding

The bobbin friction stir welding (BFSW) process has benefits for welding aluminium alloy 6082-T6 in the boat-building industry. However this alloy is difficult to weld in the thin state. There are a large number of process variables and covert situational factors that affect weld quality. This paper investigates how tool holder and machine-type affect BFSW weld quality of 4 mm Al6082-T6. The variables were tool features (three types), machine-controller type (two types), and tool holder (fixed versus floating). Fourier analysis was performed on motor spindle current to determine the frequency response of the machine. An interaction was found between the computer numerical control (CNC), the degrees of freedom of the tool holder, and the substrate (workpiece). The conventional idea that the welding tool has a semisteady interaction with the substrate is not supported. Instead the interaction is highly dynamic, and this materially affects the weld quality. Specific vibrational interactions are associated with poor welding. The CNC machine-type also emerges as a neglected variable that needs to be given attention in the selection of process parameters. Although compliance in the tool holder might seem useful, it is shown to have negative consequences as it introduces tool positioning problems.
Local Labor Markets and Child Poverty

This study uses modeled Small Area Estimates data to analyze the labor market influences on child poverty rates in local areas. These data support analysis of small geographic areas as well as at different points of the business cycle. Statistical tests appropriate for data with geographic and intertemporal correlations are adapted for use with modeled data. The results reveal that child poverty rates in local areas vary with the diversity of the local economy, specifically with dependence on a particular industry and with the diversity of firm size. These influences have varying impact at different points of the business cycle.
Facilitar el aprendizaje de los alumnos con la instrucción híbrida: una comparación de cuatro estilos de aprendizaje

Introduction. Since a part of the instruction happens online, a hybrid course has usually been used to solve the problems of space and time. This article explores how students' learning styles influence their learning and satisfaction when certain format of a hybrid course is implemented. Methods. Participants were 122 first-year students at a private university in Thailand participating in 14-week fundamental English classes. Research instruments included English proficiency tests, a learning style questionnaire, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed by dependent t-tests, One-way Analysis of Variance, mean and standard deviation. Results. Results suggest that hybrid teaching can be an effective way for language development. Interestingly, although students in four learning styles did not differ in their language improvement, their satisfaction was statistically different in two pairs: reflectors and activists; reflectors and pragmatists. In addition, students with reflector style (those who learn best from thinking about what has been learned, listening to and observing others, thinking through before acting on them, and working at their own pace) achieved a higher satisfaction with the course than the other three groups of learning style. Discussion and Conclusion. Results confirmed the effectiveness of hybrid instruction in language development as well as students’ high level of satisfaction on hybrid instruction. Implications for practice were discussed.
Dependence of UV radiance of the quiet Sun on the solar cycle

The quiet-Sun UV radiance depends on the solar cycle, as shown by data collected by the SUMER spectrograph on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The cause of this dependence is still unclear. Here the hypothesis is tested for the He I 584 A line that these variations are due to changes in the magnetic network. The quiet-Sun variability is investigated with the two EUV instruments CDS (Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer) and SUMER (Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation) and the MDI (Michelson Doppler Imager) magnetograph on SOHO. Using a monthly data set of co-spatial and co-temporal observations of quiet Sun areas near disk centre we follow the evolution of the quiet Sun over four years from solar cycle minimum to maximum conditions and find that the magnetic flux of the quiet network increases during this period. Furthermore, its variation is well correlated with the radiance change in the He I 584 A line. Also, we find that the largest fractional change is in the flux of the strong network elements (largest average field strengths), while the weaker elements do not exhibit a significant change.
Identifying Variables Influencing Tenant Affordability to Pay Rent in Ipoh City Council Public Housing

Affordability reflects the challenges faced by households in balancing the real cost of housing and non housing expenditures against income limitations placed upon the household. Various methods have been introduced to measure housing affordability among households. This study was undertaken to identify the variables influencing tenant affordability to pay rent. Data was obtained through questionnaire distribution on 350 MBI public housing tenants using the strata sampling technique. This study found that only ethnic group variable significantly influenced the ability to pay rent. The study’s findings proved that different ethnic groups faced different housing costs liabilities attributable to different socioeconomic status.
Inviscid Stall Model

Snel's boundary layer model [1,3] on rotational effects gave the first estimate of three-dimensional effects in stall, which have been valuable understanding rotor behaviour. The reason for an alternative model was to include the often observed and intuitively expected radial flow. We model the separated flow area and show that the separated air flows in a radial stream with vr as the dominant velocity. Furthermore, the new model is not based on boundary layer theory: we use the full set of equations and do not use the property of boundary layers in which partial velocity gradients can be estimated with the ratio of differences, such as ∂vr/(r∂θ) ≈ (vr/c), which is invalid in separated flow. We describe the separated flow on rotating blades without any effect of viscosity, which seems to be a paradox. However by studying the physics of flow separation this becomes clear. Separation occurs because the air is coming to a standstill in the main flow direction due to friction and the positive pressure gradient. Then, in 2d-flow, beyond the point of separation, a dead-water region is formed. Here the frictional forces are negligible and the accelerations and the pressure gradients are small. In 3d-flow, we also have the situation that the flow comes to a standstill in the chord-wise direction and separates due to the back-flow at a slightly larger chord-wise position. As in 2d-flow, near and beyond the stagnation line, the gradient of the chord-wise velocity normal to the wall is very small or even zero, so viscous effects and chord-wise accelerations are negligible which means that all chordwise forces balance. The rotation has introduced a chord-wise Coriolis force so that the pressure gradient must balance the Coriolis force. The difference with the 2d-situation is that we have a chord-wise pressure gradient instead of the flat 2d-distribution and that we have a radial pressure gradient and a radial external force (the centrifugal force) which both accelerate the separated flow in the radial direction. For a complete overview on rotational effects we refer to [7].
Effect of Vermicompost Supplemented by Foliar Application of Silicate on Marjoram Plants Grown in Saline Soil

This study aimed to reduce the negative effects of soil salinity on marjoram plants by adding vermicompost to the saline soil complemented by foliar application of silicate (Si +2 ) to their leaves. To achieve this purpose in field, the experiment was arranged as a factorial experiment. (Two way) Based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was vermicompost which was added at four rates (0, 3, 4 and 5 ton fed -1 ). The second factor was silicon which was used at four rates (0, 2.5, 3.75 and 5 mM). Results revealed that the single application of either vermicompost or silicon reduced Na and proline concentration in plant shoot and enhanced plant growth, nutrient content, carbohydrate percentage and essential oil yield in plant shoots. This increase remained constant and not correlated with the rates of application. The combined application of vermicompost and foliar spraying of silicon resulted in noticeable increase in plant growth, nutrient content (N, P, K and Ca), carbohydrate percentage and essential oil yield in marjoram plants; the highest values of all parameters were recorded by using vermicompost at rate 3 or 4-ton fed -1 coupled with spraying 3.75 mM of silicon solution on plant leaves. These results proved that amendment of saline soil by adding vermicompost and spraying silicon solution on plant leaves directly is a good strategy for the reclamation of saline soil and mitigation of salt stress within plant tissues.
(Online First)Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis improves growth and antioxidative response of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) under salt stress

To investigate the possible role of arbuscular mycrrhizal fungi (AMF) in alleviating the negative effects of salinity on Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.), the regenerated plantlets in tissue culture was transferred to pots in greenhouse and inoculated with Glomus intraradices. Salinity caused a significant decrease in chlorophyll content, photosynthesis efficiency and enhanced the electrolyte leakage. The use of AMF in salt –affected plants resulted in improved all above mentioned characteristics. Hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased in salt stressed plants while a reduction was observed due to AMF inoculation. CAT activity showed a significant increase up to 2 g/l and then followed by decline at 5 g/l NaCl in both AMF and non-AMF treated stevia, however, AMF inoculated plants maintained lower CAT activity at all salinity levels (2 and 5 g/l). Enhanced POX activities in salttreated stevia plants were decreased by inoculation of plants with AMF. The addition of NaCl to stevia plants also resulted in an enhanced activity of SOD whilst, AMF plants maintained higher SOD activity at all salinity levels than those of non-AMF inoculated plants. AMF inoculation was capable of alleviating the damage caused by salinity on stevia plants by reducing oxidative stress and improving photosynthesis efficiency.
Derivative Pricing for a Multi-Curve Extension of the Gaussian, Exponentially Quadratic Short Rate Model

The recent financial crisis has led to so-called multi-curve models for the term structure. Here we study a multi-curve extension of short rate models where, in addition to the short rate itself, we introduce short rate spreads. In particular, we consider a Gaussian factor model where the short rate and the spreads are second order polynomials of Gaussian factor processes. This leads to an exponentially quadratic model class that is less well known than the exponentially affine class. In the latter class the factors enter linearly and for positivity one considers square root factor processes. While the square root factors in the affine class have more involved distributions, in the quadratic class the factors remain Gaussian and this leads to various advantages, in particular for derivative pricing. After some preliminaries on martingale modeling in the multi-curve setup, we concentrate on pricing of linear and optional derivatives. For linear derivatives, we exhibit an adjustment factor that allows one to pass from pre-crisis single curve values to the corresponding post-crisis multi-curve values.
Conocephalum conicum- Massive Decline in Spore-elater Ratio

Various populations of Conocephalum conicum were collected from different regions of Jammu division, Jammu and Kashmir, India. All the fertile populations showed less spore-elater ratio i.e 0.4:1 which is very much lower than the actual ratio in order Marchantiales. When compared with herbarium specimens of 1958, this plant showed same results means its ratio starts declining over a decade.
The Remarkable Multidimensionality in the Cross-Section of Expected U.S. Stock Returns

20+ years after Fama & French (1992), we re-measure the dimensionality of the cross-section of expected U.S. monthly stock returns in light of the large number of return predictive signals (RPS) that have been identified by business academics over the past 40 years. Using 100 readily programmed RPS, we find that a remarkable 24 are multidimensionally priced as defined by their mean coefficients having an absolute t-statistic  3.0 in Fama-MacBeth regressions where all RPS are simultaneously projected onto 1-month ahead returns during 1980-2012. We confirm the high degree of dimensionality in returns using factor analysis of RPS, factor analysis of long/short RPS hedge returns, LASSO regression, regressions of portfolio returns on RPS factor returns, and out-ofsample RPS hedge portfolio returns. We put forward a new empirically determined 10-RPS model of expected returns for consideration by researchers and practitioners. We also discuss other implications of our findings, chief of which is the need for research that explains why stock returns are so multidimensional and why the most empirically important RPS are priced the way they are. This version: April 2, 2014 * Corresponding author. Our paper has greatly benefitted from the comments of Jeff Abarbanell, Sanjeev Bhojraj, Matt Bloomfield, John Cochrane, Oleg Grudin, Bruce Jacobs, Bryan Kelly, Juhani Linnainmaa, Ed Maydew, Scott Richardson, Jacob Sagi, Eric Yeung, and workshop participants at the University of Chicago, Cornell University, UNC Chapel Hill, the Fall 2013 Conference of the Society of Quantitative Analysts, and the Fall 2013 Chicago Quantitative Alliance Conference. The SAS programs we use to create our RPS data and execute most of our statistical analyses will be made publicly available on 7/1/14.
Agent Based Modelling of Migration Decision-Making

Attempts to quantify the numbers of migrants generated by changes in climate have commonly been calculated by projecting physical climate changes on an exposed population. These studies generally make simplistic assumptions about the response of an individual to variations in climate. However, empirical evidence of environmentally induced migration does not support such a structural approach and recognises that migration decisions are usually both multicausal and shaped through individual agency. As such, agentbased modelling offers a robust method to simulate the autonomous decisionmaking process relating to environmental migration. The Theory of Planned Behaviour provides a basis that can be used to effectively break down the reasoning process relating to the development of a behavioural intention. By developing an agent-based model of environmental migration on the basis of a combination of such theoretical developments and data analysis we further investigate the role of the environment in the decision to migrate.
Consideration of real gas effects and condensation in a spray-combustion rocket-thrust-chamber design tool

For the prediction of hot gas side heat transfer in rocket thrust chambers, Astrium Space Transportation (ST) uses the second generation multiphase Navier-Stokes solver Rocflam-II. To account for real-gas and condensation effects, pressure-dependent and even multiphase fluid data are included in the chemistry tables used by the code. Thus, the changing fluid properties near the two-phase region as well as transformation from gaseous to liquid and even solid state are reflected properly. Heat flux measurements for a dedicated subscale test campaign with strongly cooled walls show a clearly increasing heat load as soon as the combustion gases condense at the wall, due to the released latent heat of condensation. Corresponding coupled Rocflam-II/CFX simulations show a good quantitative agreement in heat flux for load cases with and without condensation, showing the ability of the code to correctly simulate flows in the real-gas and even inside the two-phase region.
Sensory quality evaluation and acceptabilitydetermination of yoghurt made from cow, goat and soymilk

Yoghurt is one of most important dairy product consumed throughout the world. However, recently production of yoghurt from other non animal based milk is also on the increase and is necessitated by a number of factors such as health reasons and consumer changing demands. A study was carried out to assess the sensory quality and acceptability of yoghurts made from cow, goat and soy bean milk. Yoghurt was processed from cow, goat and soy bean milk and sensory quality in terms of smell, mouth feel and taste as well acceptability were evaluated. Results showed both sensory quality and acceptability were significantly affected (p<0.05) by type of milk used in making yoghurts. Yoghurt made from cow milk had higher sensory quality scores in all the attributes followed by goat milk yoghurt while soy milk yoghurt had the lowest scores. Furthermore, cow milk yoghurt was more acceptable than the other types of yoghurt and soy milk yoghurt was the least accepted. It can be concluded that the type of milk from where the yoghurts are made from significantly affected (p<0.05) both sensory quality attributes and overall acceptability.
Comparing the Physical Quality of Polish Chernozems Classified in Various Complexes of Agricultural Suitability

The objective of this study was the estimation of water and air properties of Polish Chernozems developed from loess, classified in various complexes of agricultural suitability. Twelve Chernozems situated in various physical geographic mesoregions of Poland were selected for the study. Chernozems classified in the very good wheat complex were characterised by significantly lower soil density, but greater field water capacity (expressed in kg·kg-1 and m3·m-3), water capacity at permanent wilting point, and content of micropores with equivalent diameter <0.2 μm compared to Chernozems from good and deficient wheat complexes. Chernozems classified in the particular complexes of agricultural suitability did not differ significantly in terms of their maximum water capacity, retention of water usable for plants, hydraulic conductivity in the saturated zone, total porosity, content of macropores >20 μm, content of mesopores with equivalent diameter of 0.2-20 μm, relative field capacity, air permeability at the state of field water capacity, and the index of physical quality S according to Dexter. Based on the absolute values of the calculated index S the physical quality of all Chernozems under study was estimated as very good. Among the particular properties the most favourable were the following: soil density, total porosity, field water capacity, and retention of water usable for plants, whereas the air capacity and permeability at the state of field water capacity and the saturated hydraulic conductivity were most frequently estimated as good or medium.
Fraxinus–Glomus–Pisolithus symbiosis: Plant growth and soil aggregation effects

It has been established that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are involved in the conservation of soil structure. However, the effect of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi alone or in interaction with AM fungi in soil structure has been much less studied. This experiment evaluated EM and AM fungi effects on soil aggregation and plant growth. Ash plants (Fraxinus uhdei) were grown in pots, and were inoculated with Glomus intraradices and Pisolithus tinctorius separately but also in combination. Our results showed that F. uhdei established a symbiotic association with EM and AM fungi, and that these organisms, when interacting, showed synergistic and additive effects on plant growth compared to singly inoculated treatments. EM and AM fungi prompted changes in root morphology and increased water-stable aggregates. AM fungi affect mainly small-sized macroaggregates, while EM and EM–AM fungi interaction mainly affected aggregates bigger than 0.5 mm diameter. These results suggest that ectomyccorrhizal as well as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi should be considered in restoration programs with Fraxinus plants. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Passion for Work

Passion is a pervasive concept in the field of work. Workers aspire to be passionate in the hope of finding meaning and satisfaction from their professional lives, whereas employers dream of passionate employees to ensure organizational performance. Are these hopes and aspirations supported by scientific knowledge? Is there a darker side to passion for work that workers and organizations should be aware of? By reviewing the major theories of passion while focusing on the dominant theory, the dualistic model of passion, which distinguishes between two types of passion (harmonious and obsessive), this volume provides a comprehensive understanding of passion for work. In doing so, this book addresses the origin of the concept and its theoretical issues, how passion for work can be developed, what the consequences to be expected at the individual and organizational level are, and how passion for work can shed new light on contemporary issues in the workplace. Passion for Work: Theory, Research, and Applications synthesizes a vast body of existing research in the area, provides insights into new and exciting research avenues, and explores how current knowledge on passion for work can be applied in work settings to fulfill workers’ and employers’ hopes and aspirations about passion.