Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histopathology of Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy

Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) (MIM 601553) is a rare disorder characterized by the paucity of hair and progressive macular degeneration leading to blindness. We have recently shown that mutations in the CDH3 gene encoding P-cadherin are the proximal cause of HJMD. The present study was performed to establish the histopathology of this disorder.4 mm punch scalp biopsies from 6 HJMD patients aged 9 to 21 years were studied. All patients had a homozygous missense mutation resulting in a single amino acid substitution at position 503 of P-cadherin amino acid sequence (R503H). The total number of hair follicles varied between 6 and 14 per histologic section. More catagen-telogen hair follicles were observed in five cases, and an increased ratio of vellus hair follicles to terminal hair follicles was observed in two cases. There were no signs of inflammation or scarring. Thus, the most frequent histologic abnormality in HJMD resembles chronic telogen effluvium. This suggests that absence of functional P-cadherin interferes with normal hair cycle.
THE NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE SECTORS DEVELOPMENT IN SRI LANKA

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) show an essential part in any economy through generation of employments, contributing to the evolution of GDP, begin on inventions and inspiring of other economic events. This area is said to be the backbone of all developed and developing nations. When analyzing the current support of this sector in the national economy, it is clear that the sector has not achieved wanted level of involvement when compared with other developed and developing countries in the region. Research Problem: What are the specific factors/reasons for people or individuals to engage in Entrepreneurship/self-employment activity? Is it due to poverty that makes SME as a choice available to them? Or the government policy through its welfare or subsidy that provide some enforcement for local people to engage in self-employed small scale Industry activity. Also there can be many other background factors such as personal characteristics of individuals such as personal traits, skills and risk bearing ability for engaging in small business to achieve their economic development goals. Considering the above background this research is therefore focuses on exploring and examining the factors determining the formation and effectiveness of SME on economic development in Sri Lanka. Objectives of the Study To examine the factors determining the success of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Sri Lanka, To develop possible policy choices on how to enhance the success of SMEs in Sri Lanka. Methodology In our attempt to find the suitable methods for collecting the much needed information for our research one method is used. A qualitative analysis on previous researchers’ methodology (Secondary data) is applied and then the experience gained from SMEs economics related research projects undertaken in Sri Lanka is used. It is important for the researcher to consider various research paradigms while deciding on the methods to be used in the study. Conclusion Having understood the positive impact of SMEs development on economic growth, and many countries are putting a lot of efforts to develop this vital sector. But the contribution of SMEs to the national economy in Sri Lanka is still low when compared with the other developed and developing countries in the region. Therefore, there is an urgent need to further improve the inherent capacities and capabilities of these industries to be efficient suppliers.
Personality Differences Among the Big Four Professional Service Firms:examining the Big Four Through the "big Five"

“It’s the people. ” That is the response an undergraduate hears when asked why PwC? Why EY? Why Deloitte? Why KPMG? But what does that really mean? How different can one “Big Four” professional service firm be from another? They all offer the same services, recruit for the same skills, and have offices in the same cities. How different can their employees really be? While plenty of research exists on the personality types of accountants, no publicly available research has examined personality differences between the “Big Four” firms. Through administering a NEO Five Factor Inventory personality test to former and current interns and staff, I’ve concluded that there are no significant differences among the recruits of the firms or service lines. Maybe it is the people, but one would be able to find those newly hired people at any Big Four firm.
Regulation of CD44 Gene Expression by the Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-1β in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells*

The CD44 gene codes for a family of alternatively spliced, multifunctional adhesion molecules that participate in extracellular matrix binding, lymphocyte activation, cell migration, and tumor metastasis. In a mouse model of transplant-associated arteriosclerosis, CD44 protein was induced in the neointima of allografted vessels and colocalized with a subset of proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating CD44 expression in this model, we investigated the regulation of CD44 gene expression by interleukin (IL)-1β. Treatment of rat aortic SMC with IL-1β resulted in a 5.3-fold increase in cell surface CD44 expression. Northern analysis showed that IL-1β promoted a dose- and time-dependent induction of CD44 mRNA which reached 6.6-fold after 48 h, and nuclear run-on analysis showed that IL-1β increased the rate of CD44 gene transcription within 8 h of stimulation. In transient reporter gene transfection experiments in rat aortic SMC, a 1.4-kilobase fragment of the mouse CD44 5′-flanking sequence mediated this response to IL-1β. Regulation of CD44 gene expression by the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β may contribute to SMC phenotypic modulation in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis.
Wafer-scale Graphene Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition at Ambient Pressure

We report wafer-scale graphene synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper foils at ambient pressure. Graphene films up to 4 inches in size are synthesized and transferred to SiO2/Si. Spectroscopic Raman mapping demonstrates that the synthesized films consist primarily of monolayer graphene (with as high as ~90% area coverage). Low temperature transport measurements are performed on devices made from such CVD graphene. We observe ambipolar field effect (with on/off ratio ~5 and carrier mobilities up to ~3000 cm/Vs) and the hall-mark “half-integer” quantum Hall effect. We also observe weak localization of carriers and extract phase coherence length up to 0.3 μm.
Labeling of rat neurons by anti-GluR3 IgG from patients with Rasmussen encephalitis

The authors report the immunocytochemical localization in rat brain of affinity-purified anti-GluR3 (glutamate receptor) antibodies from two patients with Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) and from immunized rabbits. The distribution of immunolabeling was similar using antibodies from rabbits and patients with RE. No electrophysiologic responses were elicited from acutely dissociated kainate-responsive neurons isolated from rat brain when these antibodies were applied. These findings show that anti-GluR3 antibodies purified from patients with RE bind to specific regions of the CNS but do not act through an excitotoxic mechanism.
Member-funds and Cooperative Performance?

This research examines the role of member-funds in multi-purpose cooperatives in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The central thesis is that member-funds, both in terms of quantity and quality, can enhance the control members exert on the cooperative. The involvement of members through their capital stake could be at various levels - by the provision of permanent capital, long-term capital and short-term capital. We expect that each of these will have differing effects on control and on the culture and systems of the cooperative. Such an effect on control is expected to directly drive cooperative performance, and indirectly enhance cooperative performance through greater usage of the cooperative by the members. Enhanced cooperative performance in turn would satisfy members, and the loop will hopefully be completed; satisfied members would place more funds with the cooperative. The research used data collected from 923 individuals and 30 multi-purpose cooperatives, as well as case-studies of four successful multi-purpose cooperatives. The "bottom-line" of this research is that member-funds have a central role in enhancing cooperative performance. Funds provided voluntarily, either as an outcome of collective cooperative level decision making or of individual level decisions are of high quality. Externally compelled member-funds are of low quality, as are short-term member funds.
Evidence for DNA repair synthesis and turnover in rat liver following ingestion of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.

Immature (50 g, 25-day-old) rats were given injections of thymidine-methyl-14C for labeling of their hepatic DNA. When the animals reached 200 g (53 days old), they were placed on a diet containing 0.05% (w/w) of the hepatic carcinogen 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. Groups of animals were sacrificed at weekly intervals over a period of 5 weeks. Two hr prior to sacrifice, each animal was given an injection of thymidine-methyl-3H. The radioactivity in total hepatic DNA, in the DNA of suspensions of hepatic cells, and in different classes of hepatic nuclei was determined. Over the course of the experiment, there was a marked and progressive loss of DNA ( t 1/2 = 13 days) from the livers of the animals on the carcinogen diet, accompanied by an increase in the rate of thymidine-methyl-3H incorporation. Total liver weight, as well as mg of DNA per liver, remained constant over the course of the experiment. These studies were confirmed in a series of experiments in which hepatic DNA was labeled with thymidine-methyl-3H during liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy, and the animals were allowed 4 weeks to recover from the operation before being placed on the 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene diet. The degree of necrosis seen in histological sections appeared insufficient to account for the loss of DNA observed. Studies involving the sedimentation of DNA in alkaline sucrose gradients indicated that repair synthesis of hepatic DNA is an early consequence of 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene ingestion and accounts for some of the increased DNA turnover. The possible relationship between DNA repair synthesis and alterations in gene expression is discussed.
Electronic tax filing adoption and its impact on tax employees performance in Jordan: a proposed framework

Technology adoption does not only influence end-user, it also improves employee performance as well. Task-Technology-Fit Theory highlights the link between technology adoption and employee performance, however studies are rare in the context of taxation. This paper discusses whether electronic tax filing (ETF) adoption improves the employee performance in the Jordanian Tax Offices. By utilizing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), the paper proposes a framework on the antecedents of electronic tax filing and its impacts on employee performance of the Jordanian Tax Offices. The proposed framework could give significant practical insight and implication to tax authorities worldwide that implement ETF, especially the Jordanian Tax Office.
Structural basis of the temperature transition of Pf1 bacteriophage

The filamentous bacteriophage Pf1 undergoes a reversible temperature‐dependent transition that is also influenced by salt concentrations. This structural responsiveness may be a manifestation of the important biological property of flexibility, which is necessary for long, thin filamentous assemblies as a protection against shear forces. To investigate structural changes in the major coat protein, one‐ and two‐dimensional solid‐state NMR spectra of concentrated solutions of Pf1 bacteriophage were acquired, and the structure of the coat protein determined at 0°C was compared with the structure previously determined at 30°C. Despite dramatic differences in the NMR spectra, the overall change in the coat protein structure is small. Changes in the orientation of the C‐terminal helical segment and the conformation of the first five residues at the N‐terminus are apparent. These results are consistent with prior studies by X‐ray fiber diffraction and other biophysical methods.
Effect of nanoparticles on sessile droplet contact angle

This paper investigates the change in contact angle of droplets of fluid containing dispersed nanoparticles (nanofluid) functionalized with thioglycolic acid molecules as a function of the concentration and size of nanoparticles, and the quality and composition of the substrate material. Bismuth telluride nanoparticles with an average size ranging from 2.5 to 10.4 nm and functionalized with thioglycolic acid groups were grown by a microemulsion method and dispersed in water. Experimental measurements of the contact angle of nanofluid droplets cast on smooth glass and silicon substrates show that the contact angle depends strongly on nanoparticle concentration. Moreover, smaller size nanoparticles lead to larger changes in contact angle at the same mass concentration. These findings contribute to understanding the role of functionalized nanoparticles in surface wettability.
Liberalisation of municipal waste handling: compatible with sustainable practices?

Outsourcing and competitive tender of waste collection in Danish municipalities is framed by a complex of ideologies, objectives and considerations as well as regulation. Both in the EU and at national governmental level extreme demands for marketization of the public sector have been balanced by social and environmental considerations associated with the superior goal of sustainability. When a public service is contracted to a private provider the competence to define qualitative requirements is left with the municipalities. Waste collection has been the public service most outsourced in Denmark since the EU-guidelines on public procurement entered into force. In this respect Denmark is leading in Europe. A recent study shows that this has led to a deterioration of the working conditions of the employees with implications for the environmental quality as well, questioning the institutional framework of outsourcing and competitive tender. Following an outline of the normative and regulative framework and the general tendencies in outsourcing and competitive tendering of public waste collection through the last 20 years, the paper identifies the main dynamics in the process of outsourcing public services in general and waste collection in particular. Finally, assuming that outsourcing not per se leads to less sustainability and that the institutional context is crucial, the present reality in the waste collection sector is analyzed institutionally and some central means to influence the institutional context discussed.
Lack of cognitive recovery following withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use

Synopsis Twenty-one patients with significant long-term therapeutic benzodiazepine (BZ) use, who remained abstinent at 6 months follow-up after successfully completing a standardized inpatient BZ withdrawal regime, and 21 normal controls matched for age and IQ but not for anxiety, were repeatedly tested on a simple battery of routine psychometric tests of cognitive function, pre- and post-withdrawal and at 6 months follow-up. The results demonstrated significant impairment in patients in verbal learning and memory, psychomotor, visuo-motor and visuo-conceptual abilities, compared with controls, at all three time points. Despite practice effects, no evidence of immediate recovery of cognitive function following BZ withdrawal was found. Modest recovery of certain deficits emerged at 6 months follow-up in the BZ group, but this remained significantly below the equivalent control performance. The implications of persisting cognitive deficits after withdrawal from long-term BZ use are discussed.
The Acceptance of Social Network Services of Generation Y in Thailand

This research is aimed to 1) study the relationship between the perceived usefulness in the use of social network service and the behaviour of Generation Y people in using social network service; 2) study the relationship between the perceived ease of use of social network service and the behaviour of Generation Y people in using social network service; 3) study the relationship between the subjective norms and the behaviour of Generation Y people in using social network service. The samples of this study are Generation Y of age between 20 35 years old who use social network service and live in Bangkok,Thailand. Data are collected by survey questionnaires from 400 respondents. Research results are analyzed with percentage and means. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient is used to test relationship between variables. The results of the study showed that most of the samples are female, 20-25 years old, with Bachelor’s degree. Most of them are company employees who get a monthly salary of 10,001-20,000 baht. The respondents had perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and subjective norms at a “high” level and behaviour in using social network service was at a “moderate” level. The test of hypotheses showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and subjective norms had positive correlation with the usage of social network service in significant level at 0.01
The use of sampling methods in advertising research: a gap between theory and practice

ABSTRACT In this research note, we reflect critically on the use of sampling techniques in advertising research. Our review of 1028 studies published between 2008 and 2016 in the four leading advertising journals shows that while current academic literature advocates probability sampling procedures, their actual usage is quite scarce. Most studies either lack information on the sampling method used, or engage in non-probability sampling without making adjustments to compensate for unequal selection probabilities, non-coverage, and sampling fluctuations. Based on our results, we call on researchers to revisit the fundamental aspects of sampling to increase their research results’ rigour and relevance.
THE EFFECT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND ISLAMICITY PERFORMANCE INDEX TO THE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANK IN INDONESIA 2010-2014 PERIODS

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of intellectual capital and islamicity performance index by proxy is profit-sharing ratio, zakat performance ratio, and equitable distribution ratio on performance of Islamic bank in Indonesia in the period 2010-2014. The data used in this research is financial statement of 11 Islamic bank in Indonesia 2010-2014 periods. Regression model using panel data with Fixed Effect Model. The result of this research is intellectual capital and zakat performance ratio has significant and positif impact on ROA, while equitable distribution ratio has not significant impact on ROA, and profit sharing ratio has significant and positif impact on ROA. Keyword: Islamic bank, Performance, Intellectual Capital, Islamicity Performance Index
A Comparison of Demographics and Purchasing Behaviors of Snack Vending Consumers at Different Locations in a Large University

ii Acknowledgements . iv Vita . v List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Rates of obesity and snack consumption among U.S. adults . 1 1.2 Snack vending at the Ohio State University . 2 1.3 Research objectives and hypotheses . 3 Chapter 2: Review of Literature . 5 2.
Intensive Hemodialysis: Normalizing the “Unphysiology” of Conventional Hemodialysis?

Interest in intensified hemodialysis (HD) regimens is increasing internationally, as there is growing evidence that they are associated with improved outcomes. Appreciation that conventional hemodialysis (CHD), delivered as 4‐hour sessions three times a week, is not providing optimal physiological replacement of renal function has led to the development of intensified dialysis therapies. These include long intermittent hemodialysis typically lasting 6–8 hours and delivered three times a week, short daily hemodialysis, providing more frequent sessions 4–7 days a week lasting 2–3.5 hours, and nocturnal hemodialysis, performed 5–7 days a week for 6–8 hours. Studies evaluating outcomes from these programs have indicated superior results to those achieved with CHD, including favorable modifications of cardiovascular risk factors and improvements in a variety of clinical measures. The objective of this review is to present available evidence supporting the hypothesis that in an attempt to provide a “more normal physiology,” intensified HD regimens achieve outcomes superior to those historically achieved with CHD.
The Unintended Real Effects of Short Selling in an Emerging Market

We study the effect of increased short selling threats on firm risk-taking. In 2010, the China Securities Regulatory Commission initiated a pilot program that gradually removes short-sale constraints. We exploit this regulatory change as a quasi-natural experiment and find that pilot firms undertake less risk. Further analyses indicate that the negative effect is driven by increased managerial myopia. Pilot firms accumulate more cash, take less debt, invest less in R&D, attempt fewer M&As, have a lower asset growth rate, worse financial performances, and lower market values. These findings suggest that short selling can affect real economic activities in emerging markets.
c‐MYC activation impairs the NF‐κB and the interferon response: Implications for the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma

Deregulation of the proto‐oncogene c‐myc is a key event in the pathogenesis of many tumors. A paradigm is the activation of the c‐myc gene by chromosomal translocations in Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Despite expression of a restricted set of Epstein–Barr viral (EBV) antigens, BL cells are not recognized by antigen‐specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) because of their inability to process and present HLA class I‐restricted antigens. In contrast, cells of EBV‐driven posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) are recognized and rejected by EBV‐specific CTLs. It is not known whether the poor immunogenicity of BL cells is due to nonexpression of viral antigens, overexpression of c‐myc, or both. To understand the basis for immune recognition and escape, we have compared the mRNA expression profiles of BL and EBV‐immortalized cells (as PTLD model). Among the genes expressed at low level in BL cells, we have identified many genes involved in the NF‐κB and interferon response that play a pivotal role in antigen presentation and immune recognition. Using a cell line in which EBNA2 and c‐myc can be regulated at will, we show that c‐MYC negatively regulates STAT1, the central player linking the Type‐I and Type‐II interferon response. Switching off c‐myc expression leads to STAT1 induction through a direct and indirect mechanism involving induction of Type‐I interferons. c‐MYC thus masks an interferon‐inducing activity in these cells. Our findings imply that immune escape of tumor cells is not only a matter of in vivo selection but may be additionally promoted by activation of a cellular oncogene. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.