Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal Gelation Properties of Methyl and Hydroxypropyl

Aqueous solutions of methyl and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are known to gel upon heating. These gels are completely reversible in that they are formed upon heating yet will liquefy upon cooling. The precipitation temperature, gelation temperature, and gel strength of these methylcellulose solutions were determined as a function of molecular weight, degree of methyl and hydroxypropyl substitution, concentration, and presence of additives. The precipitation temperature of these polymer solutions decreases initially with increasing concentration until a critical concentration is reached above which the precipitation temperature is little affected by concentration changes. The incipient gelation temperature decreases linearly with concentration. The strength of these gels is time dependent, increases with increasing molecular weight, decreases with increasing hydroxypropyl substitution, and depends on the nature of additives. Hydrophobe-hydrophobe interaction or micellar interaction is postulated to be the cause of gelation. This thermal gelation property of the polymers is utilized in many end uses including food, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, tobacco, and other industrial applications.
Linearized vector radiative transfer model MCC + + for spherical atmosphere

Received 28 November 2003, accepted 2004 __________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Application of radiative transfer models has shown that optical remote sensing requires extra characteristics of radiance field in addition to the radiance intensity itself. Simulation of spectral measurements, analysis of retrieval errors and development of retrieval algorithms are in need of derivatives of radiance with respect to atmospheric constituents under investigation. The presented vector spherical radiative transfer model MCC++ was linearized, that allows calculating derivatives of all elements of the Stokes vector with respect to the volume absorption coefficient simultaneously with radiance calculation. The model MCC++ employs Monte Carlo algorithm for radiative transfer simulation and takes into account aerosol and molecular scattering, gas and aerosol absorption, and Lambertian surface albedo. The model treats a spherically symmetrical atmosphere. Relation of the estimated derivatives with other forms of radiance derivatives: the weighting functions used in gas retrieval and the air mass factors used in the DOAS retrieval algorithms, is obtained. Validation of the model against other radiative model is overviewed. Computing time of the intensity by the MCC++ model is about the time of radiative models treating sphericity of the atmosphere approximately and is significantly less than time of full spherical models had taken part in comparisons. The simultaneous calculation of all derivatives (i.e. with respect to absorption in all model atmosphere layers) and the intensity is only 1.2-2 times longer than the calculation of the intensity only.
Thermal Bubble Jet Printhead with Integrated Nozzle Plate

This paper reports on a new 1/3 inch thermal bubble jet printhead with integrated nozzle plate. This new kind of printhead consists of a standard printhead substrate and a three-dimensional structured polyimide nozzle plate containing the fluidic channels and the nozzle. Furthermore the use of an adequate design of the fluidic supply is of outstanding importance to achieve high print frequencies [1]. The integrated nozzle plate with two precise aligned structural layers is made by an advanced laser ablation process which uses both a stepping and a full-scale scanning mode. The nozzle plate is assembled with the substrate using an adhesive layer of only 3 μm thickness. The required adhesive layer thickness can be achieved by an adhesive transfer technology. In this case the alignment can be done with an accuracy of 3 μm over 1/3 inch length. Thus it is not mandatory to have a three layer system like in other commercial printheads. A further improvement concerning printing speed will be the anticipated size of one inch of the final printhead prototype. In order to assess the tolerances in assembling and aligning the nozzle plate simulations have been performed to predict the effect of misalignments or additional adhesive layers on the characteristic inkjet parameters droplet quality, volume, velocity and print frequency. Therefore a fully three-dimensional model was set up using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. The differences in ejected droplet volume and droplet velocity between simulation and experiment are below 5 %.
An Architectural Platform for Audio-Haptic Simulation in Walking

This paper presents work on the EcoTile, a new interactive platform for the simulation of auditory and haptic experiences of everyday materials in walking. Walking is noteworthy as an enactive activity that is continuously negotiated in direct contact with its surroundings, in a way that is strongly dependent on the mutual morphology and material properties of both. As a situated activity, it is charged with many sources of meaning, and with potential for intervention at responsive and informational levels, although to date comparatively few devices have taken advantage of the unique opportunities it provides. The main design considerations behind the EcoTile are described, followed by the system organization and components, and initial experiences with the prototype.
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF

approved: Patrick Y. Chiang This work presents a new energy saving technique for modern digital designs. We propose Time Interleaved Multi-Rail (TIMR) a method for providing two dynamic supply rails to a circuit. This technique uses the first supply rail to mask the transition delay while changing the voltage of the second rail. We examine the design of TIMR as well as the implementation and considerations. We propose a number of control schemes that range from traditional DVFS to “race to sleep”. This thesis also shows simulations of the technique using a existing voltage regulator in order to find the time and energy overhead of implementing the design. We find a 100μs switching time delay and 118μJ energy overhead associated with changing the voltage rail. This work concludes with comparisons to current energy saving techniques. c ©Copyright by Thomas L. Ruggeri April 19, 2012 All Rights Reserved TIMR: Time Interleaved Multi Rail by Thomas L. Ruggeri A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Presented April 19, 2012 Commencement June 2012 Master of Science thesis of Thomas L. Ruggeri presented on April 19, 2012.
Homogenization of some evolution problems in domains with small holes

This article concerns the asymptotic behavior of the wave and heat equations in periodically perforated domains with small holes and Dirichlet conditions on the boundary of the holes. In the first part we extend to timedependent functions the periodic unfolding method for domains with small holes introduced in [6]. Therein, the method was applied to the study of elliptic problems with oscillating coefficients in domains with small holes, recovering the homogenization result with a “strange term” originally obtained in [11] for the Laplacian. In the second part we obtain some homogenization results for the wave and heat equations with oscillating coefficients in domains with small holes. The results concerning the wave equation extend those obtained in [12] for the case where the elliptic part of the operator is the Laplacian.
2 6 A pr 2 01 6 Topological inflation with graceful exit

We investigate a class of models of topological inflation in which a super-Hubble-sized global monopole seeds inflation. These models are attractive since inflation starts from rather generic initial conditions, but their not so attractive feature is that, unless symmetry is again restored, inflation never ends. In this work we show that, in presence of another nonminimally coupled scalar field, that is both quadratically and quartically coupled to the Ricci scalar, inflation naturally ends, representing an elegant solution to the graceful exit problem of topological inflation. While the monopole core grows during inflation, the growth stops after inflation, such that the monopole eventually enters the Hubble radius, and shrinks to its Minkowski space size, rendering it immaterial for the subsequent Universe’s dynamics. Furthermore, we find that our model can produce cosmological perturbations that source CMB temperature fluctuations and seed large scale structure statistically consistent (within one standard deviation) with all available data. In particular, for small and (in our convention) negative nonminimal couplings, the scalar spectral index can be as large as ns ≃ 0.955, which is about one standard deviation lower than the central value quoted by the most recent Planck Collaboration.
Advertisement and Product Design

A multi-product firm typically pools different designs of products into groups or tiers and advertises the tiers instead of the individual products. This paper examines an equilibrium foundation of tiers, advertisements, and designs of products. A product is a profile of multiple attributes with different quality levels. We analyze a signaling game in which the firm chooses product designs and advertises. Observing the advertisement, a consumer purchases the good. We show that the firm can pool different products into the same tier and advertise the tier in an equilibrium surviving criterion D1 (Cho and Sobel (1990)). The existing marketing literature indicated that the overlap of products in different tiers may undermine firm profitability (Aribarg and Arora (2008)). In contrast, we show that such overlaps may arise in an equilibrium.
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CORE SELF-EVALUATIONS, PAY PREFERENCES, AND JOB SATISFACTION IN AN OCCUPATIONAL ENVIRONMENT by HEATHER S. SOVERN

A structural equations model hypothesizing that individuals' core self-evaluations would significantly predict their preferences for various pay plan characteristics (e.g., high risk, variable pay, etc.) was tested. This hypothesis, which specified that individuals with higher levels of core self-evaluations would prefer pay plans that offered greater risk and less certainty regarding the amount of pay received, was supported. Furthermore, it was also hypothesized that congruence between an individual's preferred pay plan characteristics and the actual type of pay plan that he or she receives would result in higher levels of employee job satisfaction and pay satisfaction. This hypothesis was partially supported, as the relationship between congruence and job satisfaction was significant, while the relationship between congruence and pay satisfaction was not significant. Finally, it was hypothesized that the relationship between congruence and satisfaction would be moderated by the value that the individual places on money. This hypothesis was not supported. The results of this research indicate that personality characteristics may have a significant impact on the type of pay plan that an individual will prefer to receive. Furthermore, this research provides additional support for the belief that high levels of fit between the characteristics of individuals and the characteristics of the organizations for which they work will result in higher levels of employee satisfaction. Finally, the degree of importance that an individual places on money does not appear to alter the relationship between fit and satisfaction. These results have strong implications for businesses that wish to improve employee satisfaction and reduce employee turnover, as well as for individuals who are seeking occupations for which they will best be suited.
Part II : treatment options

The treatment of painful chronic tendinopathy is challenging. Multiple non-invasive and tendon-invasive methods are used. When traditional non-invasive treatments fail, the injections of platelet-rich plasma autologous blood or cortisone have become increasingly favored. However, there is little scientific evidence from human studies supporting injection treatment. As the last resort, intraor peritendinous open or endoscopic surgery are employed even though these also show varying results. This ESSKA basic science committee current concepts review follows the first part on the biology, biomechanics and anatomy of tendinopathies, to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest treatment options for tendinopathy as reported in the literature.
1 Potential Role of Essential Oils in Organic Poultry Production 1

Organic farming is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors in the United States. The demand for organically-raised foods, including animal products, has increased several folds since the 1990s, with U.S. consumers being a major market driving force. It is estimated that the US organic food sales reached $35 billion in 2014, up from $28.4 billion reported in 2012 (USDA-ERS, 2009; 2014, Greene, 2013). Since the demand for organic foods out-grew supplies in the last few years, the U.S. retailers imported several billion dollars’ worth of organic foods to the American market (Crandall et al., 2009). Among the organic animal products, poultry meat and eggs are available widely across the country and are well-accepted by the consumers (AgMRC, 2013). The latest NASS (2010) survey indicated that the sale of organic poultry meat and eggs fetched ~$350 million in 2008 (NASS, 2010). However, even with 9 million certified broilers, 5.5 million certified layer hens and 400,000 certified organic turkeys (NASS, 2010; AgMRC, 2013), the industry has not been able to meet the increasing demand for organic poultry. This underscores tremendous opportunity for the growth of the organic poultry sector in the coming years, as predicted by the Organic Trade Association (Greene, 2013). Although there is significant scope for the expansion of the organic poultry, concerns over the safety of organic meat and eggs potentially contaminated with foodborne pathogens could curtail the opportunity (Mogelonsky, 2008). This situation warrants rapid response to identify alternative and applicable antimicrobial intervention methods of pathogen control in organic poultry.
Scientific Foundations of Obstetrics and Gynecology

A practicing physician also trained in law, Troyen Brennan believes the traditional medical ethic of beneficence has become an anachronism in modern medicine. He aspires to a broader model for the doctor-patient relationship that considers law, political science, and economics to arrive at a new mosaic approach. In sharp contrast to many theories of medical ethics, "just doctoring" embraces the radical changes surrounding medicine over the past three decades. Just Doctoring encourages physicians to dismiss their disdain for legal and political considerations and to become activists on behalf of their patients. The book is roughly divided into two broad sections, the first of which includes relevant background to "just doctoring," with the second devoted to various issues in modern medicine, including informed consent, quality assurance, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), limits on health care, and the economic and political structure of medical practice. The first three chapters explore the liberal
GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR SLASH PINE ( PINUS ELLIOTTII ) GROWN IN SOUTH-EAST QUEENSLAND , AUSTRALIA : GROWTH , STEM STRAIGHTNESS AND CROWN DEFECTS

Twelve wind-pollinated progeny tests of slash pine (Pi~ilis elliottii var. elliottii) were measured at 6 to 1 1 years of age for growth, stem straightness and three crown defects (double leaders, ramicorn branches and basket whorls). Estimates of heritability (biased and unbiased), type B genetic correlations, and trait-traithge-age genetic correlations are presented. Growth and stem straightness traits had moderate heritability estimates (0.15 to 0.31, and there appeared to be a weak negative genetic correlation between growth and stem straightness. The crolrn defects were assessed as binomial, presencelabsence traits and the observed heritability estimates were modelled as a function of the average incidence of the traits and were transformed to the underlying normal scale. The average heritability estimates of the crown defects when transformed to the normal scale were of a similar magnitude to those for growth and stem straightness. Adverse genetic correlations were detected between the crown defects and growth traits, but favourable genetic correlations were found between crown defects and stem straightness. The negative genetic correlation between growth and crown defects was strong, and will limit the concurrent improvement of these traits. No evidence was found of any strong genotype-by-environment interaction across a range of sites in south-east Queensland: type B genetic correlations exceeded 0.78 for all traits. Implications for the future breeding of the species is discussed in relation to the development of superior inter-specific hybrids.
UCLA Recent Work Title The Retail Planning Problem under Demand Uncertainty

We consider the Retail Planning Problem in which the retailer chooses suppliers, and determines the production, distribution and inventory planning for products with uncertain demand in order to minimize total expected costs. This problem is often faced by large retail chains that carry private label products. We formulate this problem as a convex mixed integer program and show that it is strongly NP-hard. We determine a lower bound by applying a Lagrangean relaxation and show that this bound outperforms the standard convex programming relaxation, while being computationally efficient. We also establish a worst-case error bound for the Lagrangean relaxation. We then develop heuristics to generate feasible solutions. Our computational results indicate that our convex programming heuristic yields feasible solutions that are close to optimal with an average suboptimality gap at 3.4%. We also develop managerial insights for practitioners who choose suppliers, and make production, distribution and inventory decisions in the supply chain.
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Ha’il Region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Clinicopathological Study

Although skin cancers are prevalent worldwide, it is uncommon in Ha’il region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, mostly non-melanoma sub-type. During a 4-year period from 2014 to 2017, out of a total of 120 cases of skin lesions, 29 non-melanoma cancers were retrieved from histopathology files obtained from King Khalid Hospital. As part of the study, all cases of skin cancer diagnosed during 2014 -2017 have been revised and the clinicopathological data recorded. The results show that Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was the most common neoplasm (36%), followed by cutaneous lymphomas (mostly mycosis fungoides 25%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (21%) and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) (11%). Only one case of metastatic carcinoma was recorded. BCC nodular type was the most prevalent, with a mean age 57.6 years and mean size 2.73 cm. SCC was mostly grade 2, with mean size 1.9 cm and an older mean age of 72.3 cm. Increased size of lesion positively correlated with older age (p = 0.001). Non-melanoma skin cancer in Ha’il region is not frequently encountered. BCC is the most frequent followed by cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and SCC. The findings in this study were in accordance with other parts of, but much lower than other parts of the world. Keywords—Non melanoma skin cancer, Hail Region, histopathology, BCC.
An Evaluation of Common Method Variance-Bias in Psychology

This study demonstrated a novel procedure for assessing the significance of common method bias (CMB) using SEM. It appears that CMB has a marked effect on the reliability of the measurement models. A new procedure using covariate-based reliability was proposed for assessing the effects of CMB on the reliability of a model. Further SEM analysis using marker variable procedure supports the presence of CMB in this study. This seems to be an interesting area to be explored in further research.
Genetic predispositions to atopic eczema and psoriasis: survey, meta-analyses and comparison

As publications on genetic predispositions to atopic eczema and psoriasis are numerous, the respective results were tabulated in order to provide a comprehensive survey. In addition, meta-analyses were performed which validated a number of genetic predispositions besides the major risk factors, FLG for atopic eczema and HLA-Cw6 for psoriasis. An overlap of susceptibility loci for both diseases was investigated at gene level where conincidences in the epidermal differentiation complex on chromosome 1q21 and in IL13 on chromosome 5q31.1-q33.1 were found.
ICEMST 2014 : International Conference on Education in Mathematics , Science & Technology USING SLOWMATION AS A TEACHING APPROACH AND ITS EFFECT ON BIOLOGY ACHIEVEMENTS OF PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS

Digital technologies offer increasing opportunities for students in primary or secondary schools to create their own digital media. “Slowmation” (abbreviated from “Slow Motion Animation”) is a simplified way of making an animation so that students, themselves, can create it as a new way of learning about some science concepts. In this study, preand post-test quasi-experimental design with control group was used with retention test. During the study, for the experimental group of students, additionally to biology instruction, slowmation has been used as a teaching approach. The implementation lasted 9 weeks. The data gathered by an 18 questionmultiple choice test. It was developed by researcher and used as pre-, postand retention test in order to measure students‟ biology course achievement. As a result of the research, it was determined that using slowmations as teaching approach for biology instruction increased the students‟ biology course achievement more significantly for postand retention implementations.
Prevalence of malaria and quantification of cytokine levels during infection in East Nile locality, Khartoum State: a cross-sectional study

Background: The cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) play an important role in malaria infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria and to evaluate cytokine responses to malaria infection in patients from the East Nile locality of Khartoum State. Methods: This study was carried out from May to July 2018 in the East Nile Locality, Khartoum State. Blood samples were collected from 384 randomly selected patients for blood film analysis. Of these, 39 were selected for cytokine level analysis (10 control and 29 patient samples), determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The malaria prevalence rate among 384 patients was 18.5%. Plasmodium falciparum was the most prevalent (13%), while the prevalence of Plasmodiumvivax was 4.6%. The rate of mixed infection was 0.8%. There was a higher prevalence rate (22.7%) in males than females (15.6%). However, we found no significant correlation between cytokine levels and parasitemia in the study group. Nevertheless, our study demonstrated a significant correlation between cytokine levels and recurrent infections. Conclusions: Together, our data show that malaria remains a public health problem in East Nile locality with a high prevalence. Additionally, serum levels of IFN- γ and TNF- α were significantly higher in malaria-infected individuals compared to non-infecting individuals and cytokine levels were found to be correlated with recurrent malaria infection.