Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calanoid copepods of the family Euchaetidae from the Gulf of Mexico and western Caribbean Sea

Park, Taisoo. Calanoid Copepods of the Family Euchaetidae from the Gulf of Mexico and Western Caribbean Sea. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 196, 26 pages, 20 figures, 1975. —The study is based on zooplankton samples taken from various depth ranges between the surface and a depth of about 3000 m in the Gulf of Mexico and western Caribbean Sea. Twenty species of Euchaeta were found, including the following eight new records and a new species: E. aequatorialis (Tanaka), E. calva (Tanaka), E. comosa (Tanaka), E. confusa (Tanaka), E. gracilicauda (A. Scott), E. sarsi Farran, E. scotti Farran, E. vorax Grice and Hulsemann, and E. alaminae, new species. Euchaeta calva (Tanaka) and E. comosa (Tanaka) are restored from synonymy; E. withi (Sewell) is recognized as synonymous with E. hansenii With. The males of E. pubera, E. calva, E. comosa, E. gracilicauda, E. incisa, and E. vorax are described for the first time. The relative abundance and bathymetrical distribution of each species are briefly discussed. A key to the species is given. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 5270. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Park, Taisoo Calanoid Copepods of the Family Euchaetidae from the Gulf of Mexico and Western Caribbean Sea. (Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 196) Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 127:196 1. Euchaeta. 2. Crustacea—Mexico, Gulf of. 3. Crustacea—Caribbean sea. I. Title. II. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 196 QL1.S54 no. 196 [QL444.C72] 591'. 08s [595'. 34] 74-26956
The development of a spatial model of accessibility to phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation programs

Existing Phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation services are currently underutilised and improving access will be necessary because of ageing of the population and falling case-fatality rates. The Spatial Model of Accessibility to Phase 2 Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs was developed to quantify accessibility to out-patient cardiac rehabilitation in Australia. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to combine both geographic and socio-economic aspects of accessibility. The model was developed by integrating the socio-economic information gathered by survey and incorporating a distance decay model.
A clue for generating a new leucine-rich repeat gene in maize

Plant leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins play an important role in cell adhesion and signaling, neuronal development, disease resistance response and pathogen recognition. Therefore, the origin and evolution of the LRR genes had been studied deeply. However, there were no evidence of generating new LRR genes. In this study, the genomic and amino acid sequences of the LRR genes or proteins were aligned based on Maize GDB and NCBI databases. The result showed that the part sequences of GRMZM5G851515 and part sequences of GRMZM2G167560 were consistent with parts of GRMZM2G343449. It was indicated that GRMZM2G343449 generated from GRMZM5G851515, GRMZM2G167560 and other genes. Evolution analysis also supported that GRMZM2G343449 and homologous genes were newborn. Meanwhile, they existed in only angiosperm that is closely related to human life, suggesting that they might be retained through the artificial selection. GRMZM2G343449 and its homologous genes in Poales were an independent branch of evolution which might be related with environment adaptability because there were more diseases and insect pests in the growth and development of crops than those of other species. The results indicated that GRMZM2G343449 and its homologous genes generated from stress resistance. This study provided key information for finding new generated LRR, which might be a clue for searching newborn genes from maize and other species in the big data era currently. Key words: Leucine-rich repeat, evolution, generation, maize
Eye movement in prima vista singing and vocal text reading

An eye-tracking device was used in this pilot study to measure eye movement during prima vista singing and reading aloud. The common term eye-voice span is questioned, and a new terminology is proposed for the description of relations between attention, point of fixation and vocal performance. The temporal distance between the point of fixation and the vocal performance was measured and proved to be larger in vocal language reading than in musical sightreading. This distance is also related to the eye-voice span and the span of the window paradigm. Regressive saccades were found to be less frequent than expected from previous research on silent language reading and music sightreading. It is suggested that the difference depends on obscure definitions of the term regression. Furthermore, a sheet displaying both text and notes was used to study the distribution of attention between text and notes, showing that attention was almost equally shared.
Agency Costs, Governance, and Organizational Forms: Evidence from the Mutual Fund Industry

Using a comprehensive sample of mutual funds and fund families for the period 1992-2004, this study examines the impact of fund management companies' organizational forms on the level of agency costs within mutual funds. We find that, all else being equal: (1) funds managed by public fund families charge higher fees than those managed by private fund families; (2) public fund families acquire more funds than private fund families; and (3) funds of public fund families significantly underperform funds of private fund families. Collectively, these findings suggest that agency costs are higher in mutual funds managed by public fund families. Our results are consistent with the idea that the agency conflict between the fund management company and fund shareholders is more acute for public management companies because of their shorter-term focus.
Ferriprotoporphyrin IX-Combretum imberbe crude extracts interactions: Implication for malaria treatment

Leaves from Combretum imberbe traditionally used to treat symptoms of malaria in most parts of Southern Africa were studied for interaction of its crude methanolic, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts with hemin a product of hemoglobin degradation in 40% water-dimethylsulphoxide at pH 9, 7.4 and 5 using a spectrophotometric method. It has been established that hemin is the target of antimalaria quinolines thus, interaction of extracts with hemin may represent a crucial initial screening test to define efficacy. Observations were compared to results of interaction of hemin with quinine and artemisia as standards. The present results indicate that hemin complexed more strongly with methanolic extracts than with ethyl acetate and hexane extracts. The binding constants were pHdependent. The present results are interesting because the crude extracts share a similar mode of action with quinine and artemisia with an isosbetic point at 352 nm. Methanolic extract showed better affinity for hemin than artemisia with complexation constants (K) of 1.011 × 10 4 and 0.612 × 10 4 M, respectively. However, quinine showed better affinity than methanolic extract with K of 1.101 × 10 4 M.
Kernel Growth Physiology of Wheat under Late Planting Heat Stress

Three heat tolerant (Aghrani, Kanchan and CB- wheat genotypes having the ability to withstand 30) and one heat sensitive (Sonora) wheat genotypes were high temperature stress are known as heat tested under normal and post anthesis heat stress condition tolerant (HT) genotypes and they show greater by seeding them on November 30 and December 30, 2001 at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman heat killing time in MT test. On the other hand, Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh to the genotypes which do not have the ability to study their kernel growth physiology in relation to heat stress. Irrespective of growing conditions, both dry matter and starch accumulation in kernel showed a typical sigmoidal pattern in all genotypes. Due to post anthesis heat stress, the quantity of dry matter accumulation at peak and the duration required to attain peak were higher in heat tolerant (HT) genotypes than the heat sensitive (HS) one. Sonora, a HS genotype, responded to post anthesis heat stress by accumulating larger quantity of soluble sugar during active kernel development period in contrast to HT genotypes indicating poor capacity of kernel of Sonora to utilize sugar for starch synthesis. The heat tolerant genotypes exhibited distinctly higher relative individual kernel dry weight under post anthesis heat stress condition when compared to heat sensitive genotype.
Alteration of 3 field during the evolution of a polycyclic basement complex

The polycyclic nature of the Migmatized gneiss basement complex of South-western Nigeria is depicted by several tectonic imprints oriented in different manner; such setting is characterized by temporal adjustment of the minimum stress field. Attitude (strike and dip), length, width, average perpendicular distance and aspect ratios were taken for foliations, joints, veins, intrusions and boudinages. These parameters were analyzed on histograms, rose diagrams and stereo nets; outcrop maps were used to elucidate the heterogeneity of the stress field. Joints are the youngest tectonic structures in the study area; they include extensional and shear types, systematic, non-systematic and orthogonal sets with dihedral angle of <90°. The boudinages occur in gneissic rocks; the veins and intrusions are metasome in the host rock and are made of quartz, feldspar and pegmatite minerals. The dominant orientation of structures are NNE-SSW for foliations, E-W, NE-SW, and NNW-SSE for joints, N-S, NNW-SSE and NNE-SSW for veins, and N-S for intrusions with dip direction of North-west and South-east for foliations and west for intrusions. Initial orientation of σ3 was east-west during the emplacement of the veins and pegmatite intrusions and then ENE-WSW for the quartz-rich intrusions. Joints oriented NE-SW commonly intersected the other structures suggesting they are juvenile and created by NW-SE oriented σ3. Subsequently, shearing of the rocks and rotation of the least stress field produced the boudinages, conjugate joints, and tension gashes. Evidence for horizontally situated σ1 is shown by few slightly folded foliations seen in specific locations. In the study area, the joints were the product of multidirectional minimum stress which was dominantly oriented NW-SE prior to the Pan African orogeny. Key words: Tectonic, stress, σ3, joints, veins, boudinages, Pan African.
Respiratory Disease Burden In Rural India: A Review From Multiple Data Sources

Aim: The paper aims to review the respiratory disorder burden of rural Indians by utilizing data on survey of cause of death (rural). Methods: The data was mainly extracted from the "Survey of Causes of Death (rural)" annual reports of Registrar General of India (RGI), Census of India 2001, National Family Health Survey I & II and various community based studies. Trend of tuberculosis (TB), asthma & bronchitis and pneumonia calculated by five-yearly moving averages for the period of 1966-94, rank-wise distribution of leading cause of death during 1971-91 was reviewed. Distribution of housing, source of cooking fuel was studied in relation to household pollution and state wise age-standardized prevalence rates of TB, asthma & bronchitis and pneumonia were calculated. Results: The analysis shows that poverty and unhealthy environment are strongly related to the respiratory disorders. Bronchitis and asthma recorded as leading cause, pneumonia and tuberculosis of the lungs ranked one of the five causes of deaths in rural India. The respiratory disorders have shown a reduction from 24.7 to 19.2 during the study period. Asthma and bronchitis prevalence rates in Karnataka, Gujarat, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh are above national average. TB prevalence is high in Madya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Gujarat where Tamilnadu and Maharastra recorded lowest prevalence.
Financial consumer protection: internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector

This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as financial consumers’ protection. The study is grounded on routine activity theory and criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for examination of the text content data through the consistent nomenclature process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to proffer a meticulous considerate of internet banking fraud awareness in the banking sector. The findings suggest that internet fraud awareness to the general public through website is very low by many Southern Africa banks. Most of the banks disclose less than half of the identified internet banking fraud awareness to the general public on their websites. Although some banks have internet fraud information on internet banking applications, however, the authentic efficacy of this information is tentative . This proposes that most of the financial customers engage internet banking transactions without sufficient awareness on potential internet threats and attacks. There is, consequently, high likelihood of financial consumers being internet banking fraud victims.
UNIFORM ASYMPTOTIC APPROXIMATIONS FOR THE MEIXNER–SOBOLEV POLYNOMIALS

We obtain uniform asymptotic approximations for the monic Meixner-Sobolev polynomials Sn(x). These approximations for n! 1, are uniformly valid for x=n restricted to certain intervals, and are in terms of Airy functions. We also give asymptotic approximations for the location of the zeros of Sn(x), especially the small and the large zeros are discussed. As a limit case we also give a new asymptotic approximation for the large zeros of the classical Meixner polynomials. The method is based on an integral representation in which a hypergeometric function appears in the integrand. After a transformation the hypergeometric functions can be uniformly approximated by unity, and all that remains are simple integrals for which standard asymptotic methods are used. As far as we are aware, this is the rst time
Forestry Impact on Water Quality: a Landscape Perspective on Dissolved Organic Carbon

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a fundamental variable defining boreal stream ecosystems. In this thesis the impact of forestry practices that are commonly performed in the boreal regions of Scandinavia for stream water quality were evaluated. The thesis is based on combining the use of primary data from the Balsjo paired catchment experiment in northern Sweden with various modeling approaches. Final-felling strongly increased DOC concentrations in boreal first-order streams during the first four years after harvest. Median concentrations increased by 3.0 mg/L after clear-cutting and 6.2 mg/L after site preparation with concentrations being 5-24 mg/L higher in the clear-cut than in the reference catchment during summer storms. Clear-cutting also increased the riverine carbon (C) export significantly from 95 kg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ to 183 kg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and to 280 kg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ during pre-treatment, clear-cut and site-preparation periods, respectively. This export represents an important part of the C-balance of a forest in the region. Hydrological effects of clear-cutting included increased snow accumulation by 29 mm (27%) and a modified spring snowmelt. However, the largest effect on the water balance (~189 mm = 31%) was found during summer, when stream runoff was increased due to reduction in evapotranspiration. The drivers of the increased DOC concentrations were identified as changing flow-pathways in riparian soils activating more surficial, DOC rich soil layers, as well as increased soil temperatures that enhanced the DOC availability in riparian soils and therefore increased DOC mobilization from clear-cuts during the summer. In a final step, the impact of these increased, clear-cut induced DOC inputs into a larger scale boreal stream network were investigated by using a mixing model approach. DOC inputs were transferred to downstream sites, which resulted in increases in DOC concentrations at these locations. Further, the modeling approach showed that increases in DOC concentrations can be statistically detected, if the total area harvested within the stream network exceeds threshold values of 11% (p>0.05) and 23-25% (p<0.001) of the catchment area. Thus, this thesis suggests that threshold values for the maximum percentage of harvested area within a river basin should be implemented into forest planning for boreal catchments that are sensitive to changes in DOC concentrations.
The Effect of Growth Rate on Some Beef Performance Characteristics of Czech Fleckvieh Heifers

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of growth rate on some beef performance characteristics in Czech Fleckvieh heifers. Growth performance characteristics included age at slaughter (months) and daily weight gain (g). The observed beef performance characteristics were carcass weight, conformation class (SEUROP) and external fat deposition. The experimental group consisted of 480 heifers. The animals were assigned into three groups (A, B, C) based on age at slaughter. Group A consisted of 68 animals with the age at slaughter 15-21 months, group B 296 animals, age 22-28 months and group C 116 animals, age 29-35 months. A greater age at slaughter was significantly associated with a greater carcass weight which grew from 250.78 kg in group A to 317.69 kg in group C. The net weight gain decreased with age from 424.06 g in group A to 346.41 g in group C, the conformation improved from 4.46 in group A to 4.17 in group C and the external fat deposition increased from 2.5 in group A to 2.78 in group C. The dataset was again split into three groups differing in the daily weight gain (I, II, III). Group I consisted of 120 heifers with the daily gain up to 599 g, group II 303 animals with the daily gain of 600-799 g and group III only 57 animals with the gain of 800 g and more. A growing weight gain was significantly associated with a greater carcass weight (from 260.40 kg in group I to 338.66 in group III), a greater net weight gain (from 306.29 g in group I to 491.45 g in group III), improved conformation (from 4.75 in group I to 3.70 in group III) and the fat deposition was greater, too (from 2.35 in group I to 2.89 in group III).
Corrosion casts: A novel application of a polyurethane resin (PU4ii) for visualizing eggshell pore morphology

ABSTRACT Avian eggshells serve the dual purposes of protecting the developing embryo from the external environment while also facilitating the loss of water vapor and the required exchange of CO2 and O2 gases. Pores that span the eggshell enable the loss of water and trans-shell gas exchange. Although knowledge of the geometry of these spaces is necessary to generate accurate estimates of the rate of gas diffusion across the shell, few techniques exist to obtain these data. Estimates of gas conductance across eggshells are typically calculated from eggshell thickness and the size and number of the pores on the exterior eggshell surface; the trans-shell pore spaces are assumed to be cylindrical in shape. To enable the testing of this assumption, we devised a novel method to visualize the three-dimensional morphology of eggshell pores using PU4ii, a polyurethane-based resin. Casts of the pores of eggshells of the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus) and House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) were unbranched and varied in diameter throughout their length, while casts of the pores of eggshells of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) revealed a complex network of interconnected spaces. The simplicity of this technique and the stability and resilience of the resulting casts provide opportunities to predict gas flux across the shell and to evaluate the morphology of eggshell pores among birds from different taxonomic groups.
Effect of the canopy of Retama sphaerocarpa on its understorey in a semiarid environment

Summary 1. A dense understorey of annual and perennial herbs grow under the canopy of Retama sphaerocarpashrubs in semiarid environments of south-east Spain, influencing plant productivity and diversity at a regional scale. We investigated the facilitation by the shrub on its understorey in field and laboratory experiments with Barley designed to explore the mechanisms of interaction between both vegetation layers and their spatial variation. 2. There was a gradient of spatial heterogeneity in soil chemical fertility under the shrub canopy, with organic matter and soil nitrogen contents higher at the centre than at the edge of the canopy. Dry mass production of Barley was also higher in soils from intermediate positions, and lower in soils from both the centre and edge of the canopy. 3. In the field, pots sown with Barley placed near the centre, at an intermediate position and at the edge of the canopy of Retama shrubs showed significant differences in productivity, suggesting a mulching effect of the canopy that also affects seedling establishment. 4. Micro-climatic measurements showed significant differences in total radiation reaching the soil, mean air and soil temperatures and maximum temperature among different positions in the understorey, increasing radially from the centre to the edge of the canopy. 5. These results and field observations suggest that the optimal association of climatic factors under the canopy would combine with a high soil fertility mediated by litter decomposition to increase biomass production mid-way between the centre and the edge of the canopy. Overstorey and understorey thus interact to increase nutrient retention locally, which benefits both the shrub and the herb layer.
Beyond Sectionality and Into Sizeness, or How Course Size Effects Grades: An Exploration of the Multiple‐Institution Database for Investigating Engineering Longitudinal Development Through Hierarchical Linear Models

George D. Ricco is the KEEN Program Coordinator at Gonzaga University in the School of Engineering and Applied Science. He completed his doctorate in engineering education from Purdue University’s School of Engineering Education. Previously, he received a M.S. in earth and planetary sciences studying geospatial imaging and a M.S. in physics studying high-pressure, high-temperature FT-IR spectroscopy in heavy water, both from the University of California, Santa Cruz. He holds a B.S.E. in engineering physics with a concentration in electrical engineering from Case Western Reserve University. His academic interests include longitudinal analysis, visualization, semantics, team formation, gender issues, existential phenomenology, and lagomorph physiology. He lives in romantic Spokane with his leporidae partner, Rochelle Huffington Nibblesworth.