Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Simple Model of Trade with Heterogeneous Firms and Trade Policy

This paper builds a Ricardian-Chamberlinian two-country model with heterogeneous firms in a monopolistically competitive sector in which every new entrant faces increasing fixed costs of production. There are efficiency gaps between countries in marginal and fixed costs and a country unilaterally imposes an import tariff. It is shown that an increase in tariff increases the number of firms of the tariff imposing country while decreases the number of firms of the tariff-imposed country, possibly reverting the position of net exporter of varieties. A tariff is detrimental to the tariff-imposed country. A small tariff may be beneficial to the tariff-imposing country.
Changing School Demographies - Asking Teachers about Their Training Needs in Intercultural Education: A case Study in Greece

In Greece, since 2015, when immigrant flows increased due to the crisis in Syria, there have been significant changes in school demographics, raising concerns as to whether in-service teachers possess the competences necessary to meet the upcoming challenges. We therefore investigated the views of Primary Education teachers, regarding their needs in intercultural education, and the parameters they deem important in implementing effective training interventions. The statistical analysis of the data revealed the necessity of implementing training interventions aligned with teachers’ individual needs, whilst there have been identified several issues regarding the existing training schemes, which demand serious consideration and further investigation.
Glial Glutamate Transporters in Human Epileptic Hippocampus

1 . 7 COMMENTS ON ABSTRACT 1 . 7 PAPER 1 . 9 COMMENTS TO PAPER 1.16 PAPER 2 . 17 COMMENTS TO PAPER 2.29 PAPER 3 . 30 COMMENTS TO PAPER 3.36 FOCUS OF THE THESIS . 37 INTRODUCTION . 37 GLUTAMATE.37 GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTERS.39 Localization of the glial transporter subtypes.40 TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY . 43 GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTERS IN EPILEPSY . 45 MATERIALS AND METHODS.47 PATIENT TISSUE . 47 TISSUE PREPARATION . 47 Hippocampal Nomenclature . 48 ANTISERA AND CHEMICALS . 48 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY . 48 WESTERN BLOT ANALYSIS . 49 RESULTS.50 CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS . 50 WESTERN BLOTTING.52 CELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF GLAST AND GLT . 53 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF IMMUNOLABELING . 53 Dentate gyrus and hilus . 54 Hippocampal area CA1 . 54 Hippocampal area CA3, CA2 and subiculum . 56 White matter and alveus.56 DISCUSSION.58 RESULTS OTHER PAPERS.63 RESULTS ABSTRACT 1 . 63 RESULTS PAPER 2.63 RESULTS PAPER 3.64 REFERENCES . 66
Factors related with adverse drug reaction reporting: a cross-sectional study among pharmacists in the West of Iran

Adverse drug reaction includes all negative, random and unexpected effects a drug may have on human which could be observed in doses used to prevent diagnosis and treatment; which report it could be helpful to prevent and decrease the side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors related with adverse drug reaction reporting among pharmacists. In this cross-sectional study, conducted in the west of Iran, a total of 117 pharmacists, were randomly selected to participate voluntarily in the study during 2014. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using bivariate correlations, logistic and linear regression statistical tests. Almost 21.4% of the participants had history of adverse drug reaction reporting. The best predictors for adverse drug reaction reporting was perceived behavioral control (OR: 1.227) and attitude (OR: 1.164). In addition, attitude was the best predictor for intention to adverse drug reaction reporting among pharmacists (B: 0.490 & P: 0.001). Based on our result, it seems that designing and implementation of retraining programs to improve positive attitude towards adverse drug reaction reporting and incensing pharmacist’s behavioral control to adverse drug reaction reporting may be usefulness of the results in order to promotion of adverse drug reaction reporting.
Effect of current and daylight variations on small-pelagic fish aggregations ( Selar crumenophthalmus ) around a coastal fish aggregating device studied by fine-scale acoustic tracking

Several pelagic fish species are known to associate with floating objects. However, quantitative information on the main factors that drive this associative behaviour is still lacking. Small pelagic fish offer a particularly interesting case study for this phenomenon, since the small spatial scales involved in their association with floating objects allow experimental data to be collected at a fine scale. Here, we monitored twelve acoustically-tagged bigeye scads, Selar crumenophthalmus (Carangidae), (mean fork length 16.4 cm, SD 2.1 cm) around a floating object moored in shallow water (15 m depth) playing the role of a coastal fish aggregating device (FAD). To quantify the role played by variations in current and daylight, we calculated the speed distribution, pair correlation function and group polarization for the tagged fish hourly, from midday to dusk (13:00–18:00), for varying current strengths and daylight conditions. We found that the current induced a shift in the position of the aggregation upstream of the FAD, at distances that increased with the current strength. We found evidence of an expansion and a higher coordination in the aggregation at dusk, with increasing speed, distance among conspecifics and alignment. We discuss possible scenarios in which group polarization increases at dusk and suggest complementary measurements for future experiments that could confirm our findings.
Cigarette smoking and cerebral microvasculature in patients with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study

Introduction. A decrease in vasomotor reactivity reserve (VMRr) or an increase in pulsatility index (PI) are the early signs of cerebral microangiopathy in type 1 diabetes. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes, but cigarette smokers are routinely excluded from studies on VMRr or PI in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and there is no evidence of any significant impact of smoking on these variables in T1DM. Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on VMRr and PI in these patients. Methods. VMRr and PI of the middle cerebral artery were measured with Transcranial Doppler in 79 patients with T1DM (median age 33.0 years, range 20–51, 44% males) without a history of cerebrovascular events, coronary heart disease or carotid stenosis. The relationship between cigarette smoking (n = 20, mean pack-years 9.4 ± 6.1) and VMRr, PI, concomitant risk factors, medications and the presence of systemic microvascular complications were analysed. Results. Smokers and non-smokers did not differ in terms of their clinical characteristics, with an exception of higher circadian insulin demand in smokers (60 ± 12.9 v. 49.2 ± 14.2 units; p = 0.004). A correlation between pack-years and PI (r = 0.6, p = 0.004), but not with VMRr, was found in smokers. However, no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers were found regarding either VMRr (mean 85.9 ± 20% v. 84.1 ± 20.1%; p = 0.74) or PI (median 0.85, range 0.61–1.09 v. 0.88, range 0.48–1.52; p = 0.2). Conclusions. We did not prove any significant impact of smoking on VMRr in T1DM patients, but the association between pack-years and PI may indicate the negative impact of intensive cigarette smoking on the cerebral microvasculature in type 1 diabetes.
THE DISPERSAL OF PROTOPLANETARY DISKS AROUND BINARY STARS

I present models of disk evolution around young binary stars. I show that the primary factor in determining circumbinary disk lifetimes is the rate of disk photoevaporation. I also find that photoevaporative clearing leaves a signature on the distribution of circumbinary disk lifetimes, with a sharp increase in disk lifetimes for binary separations a ≲ 0.3–1 AU. Observations of young binary stars can therefore be used to test models of disk evolution, and I show that current data set a strong upper limit to the rate of on-going photoevaporation (<10−9 M☉ yr−1). Finally I discuss the implications of these results for planet formation and suggest that circumbinary planets around close (a ≲ 1 AU) binaries should be relatively common.
The Determinants of Capital Structure: An Empirical Study of New Zealand-Listed Firms

This paper investigates capital structure determinants of New Zealand-listed firms. This study is an extension from previous studies conducted by Boyle and Eckhold (1997) and, Wellalage & Locke (2012). Boyle and Eckhold and, Wellalage and Locke examine capital structure choices in New Zealand, especially the debt choices of NZ’s corporate firms. Using a balanced-panel of 79 New Zealand-listed firms, this study employs a balanced panel method, using dynamic-panel Instrumental Variable-Generalised Methods of Moments (IV-GMM) as it corrects heteroskedasticity and endogeneity problems which might result in an unbiased and inconsistent estimation. All variables, apart from non-debt tax shields and profitability exhibit a significant impact on total debt. Overall, these variables confirm the trade-off theory, even though the coefficient for non-debt tax shield confirms the pecking-order theory. The empirical evidence is less conclusive than that of previous studies in other countries, particularly Australia where capital structure confirms the pecking-order theory. Overall, the trade-off theory is more appropriate in explaining New Zealand listed firms’ capital structure. In addition, it appears that the capital structure theories applied to each study are contradictory, even though the result is in line with Boyle and Eckhold and, Wellalage and Locke which find that those firms’ specific characteristics play a significant role in determining the firm’s debt level. However, the contradictory results may be due to the different methods, time frames and scope of the samples used.
Cotton genotypes morpho-physical factors affect resistance against Bemisia tabaci in relation to other sucking pests and its associated predators and parasitoids.

Cotton strains having different hair length and density were evaluated for tolerance to Bemisia tabaci, Amrasca devastans and Thrips tabaci, and survival of predators and parasitoids. The seed treatment effect on the population of these insect pests and natural enemies were also studied. Population of B. tabaci was higher on the strain Cyto-46, having trichome density of 474±12.9 per cm 2 and hair length of 705±44.8 microns and minimum on strain Cyto-12/91, having trichome density of 1011±21.0 per cm 2 and hair length of 644±27.3 µ. However, A. devastans was significantly higher on strain Cyto-12/91 whereas, thrips remained significantly less on the same strain Cyto-12/91. the total number of predators were significantly higher on strains having >600 trichomes per cm 2 whereas the level of parasitism remained the same on all the strains. Seed treatment proved effective against A. devastans only. However, the number of predators and percent parasitism was not significantly affected by the seed treatment. Present study revealed that the early season sucking pest complex can be managed by choosing the variety having moderate leaf hair density and if variety choice is limited then the early season sucking pest especially jassid could be managed effectively by the seed treatment.
The status of information systems research in Australia: preliminary results

As the first stage of a study to investigate the status of Information Systems research in Australia, a survey of the heads of all IS discipline groups in Australian universities was conducted. The study revealed a wide range of topics researched (with rapid growth in Electronic Commerce and Knowledge Management), a range of foci, a balance between positivist and interpretivist research, survey was the most frequently used research method, and most research was directed at informing IS professionals. A SWOT analysis provided some further interesting results INTRODUCTION The first academic programs in Information Systems (IS) appeared in Australia in the late 1960s and have steadily grown to be available in almost all Australian universities. While the teaching of IS has grown, the growth of IS research has been slower and few studies have examined its progress. Ridley et al. (1998) studied publication performance over a seven-year period, but there has been no formal examination of the research profile of IS in Australian universities. This paper reviews the Australian IS research field along lines similar to part of the study conducted by Avgerou et al. (1999) in Europe, except that it focuses only on research. The study targeted the views of the heads of discipline from 36 Australian IS groups and was conducted on behalf of the Australian Council of Professors and Heads of Information Systems (ACPHIS 2001), and is part of a larger program to capture similar information from all Australian IS researchers.
Landslide activation behaviour illuminated by electrical resistance monitoring

A common factor in landslide activation (or reactivation) is subsurface moisture and associated pore pressure variations linked to rainfall. Monitoring of these subsurface hydrogeological processes is necessary to improve our understanding of water‐induced landslide activation. Geophysical approaches, electrical methods in particular, are increasingly being applied to landslide monitoring because they provide non‐invasive spatial information in heterogeneous subsurface environments that can be difficult to characterise using surface observations or intrusive sampling alone. Electrical techniques are sensitive to changing subsurface moisture conditions, and have proven to be a useful tool for investigating the hydrogeology of natural and engineered slopes.
Relationship of Brand Identity and Image

The article is organized in eight parts. The first part presents an introduction of the research problem, the aim and the objectives formulated. The aim of the article is to conduct empirical studies after theoretical analysis of the relationship between brand identity and brand image. The objectives of the article are:1)to determine and prove the concept of brand image theoretically;2) to study and summarize the sources of brand identity; 3) to analyze the elements of brand identity;4) to carry out theoretical analysis of the relationship between brand identity and brand image; 5) to prepare the investigation model for brand identity and image relationship; 6) to conduct em-piric studies of brand identity and image relationship. The tools of classical marketing do not help answering the question, why some brands are so unique. Just sev-eral brands obtain a feature emphasizing brand identity and uniqueness. Graphical references do not provide any answers because they are developed on the basis of ex-ternal brand image. However, it has already been con-ceived that brand is reflected not by its external graphi-cal view but by the attitude towards the elements of brand identity. Thus, the article attempts at solving the problem of the relationship between brand identity and brand im-age. The second part of this article describes the concep-tion of brand identity. It also examines the attitude of various authors to the conception of brand identity. The third chapter of this article provides the analysis of the sources of brand identity. The main six elements that constitute the sources of brand identity are indicated in this part as well. The prism of brand identity is described and the ele-ment of identity prism is analyzed in the fourth part of this article. The process of brand image building is described in the fifth part of the article. The chapter provides the issue of the relationship of brand identity and its image as well as the analysis of relationship of brand identity and its image. The sixth part of this article indicates and describes the theoretical model the relationship of brand identity and its image. This model is based on the idea that brand identity is managed. Positive brand image that ensures a competitive advantage is build up when conveying brand identity to consumers efficiently and employing particular strategies of positioning. The seventh part of this article presents the results of empirical research and the analysis of the relationship of brand identity and its image. The last chapter of the article formulates the final conclusions on the relationship of brand identity and its image.
Solar energy potential assessment using GIS

Renewable energy resources are those having a cycling time less than 100 years and are renewed by the nature and their supply exceeds the rate of consumption. Renewable energy systems use resources that are constantly replaced in nature and are usually less polluting. In order to tap the potential of renewable energy sources, there is a need to assess the availability of resources spatially as well as temporally. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) along with Remote Sensing (RS) helps in mapping on spatial and temporal scales of the resources and demand. The spatial database of resource availability and the demand would help in the regional energy planning. This paper discusses the application of geographical information system (GIS) to map the solar potential in Karnataka state, India. Regions suitable for tapping solar energy are mapped on the basis of global solar radiation data, and this analysis provides a picture of the potential. The study identifies that Coastal parts of Karnataka with the higher global solar radiation is ideally suited for harvesting solar energy. The potential analysis reveals that, maximum global solar radiation is in districts such as Uttara Kannada and Dakshina Kannada. Global solar radiation in Uttara Kannada during summer, monsoon and winter are 6.31, 4.40 and 5.48 kWh/sq.m, respectively. Similarly, Dakshina Kannada has 6.16, 3.89 and 5.21 kWh/sq.m during summer, monsoon and winter.
University of Birmingham Galactic Archaeology with asteroseismology and spectroscopy: Red giants observed by CoRoT and APOGEE

With the advent of the space missions CoRoT and Kepler , it has recently become feasible to determine precise asteroseismic masses and relative ages for large samples of red giant stars. We present the CoRoGEE dataset, obtained from CoRoT light curves for 606 red giants in two ﬁelds of the Galactic disc that have been co-observed by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). We used the Bayesian parameter estimation code PARAM to calculate distances, extinctions, masses, and ages for these stars in a homogeneous analysis, resulting in relative statistical uncertainties of (cid:46) 2% in distance, ∼ 4% in radius, ∼ 9% in mass and ∼ 25% in age. We also assessed systematic age uncertainties stemming from di ﬀ erent input physics and mass loss. We discuss the correlation between ages and chemical abundance patterns of ﬁeld stars over a broad radial range of the Milky Way disc (5 kpc < R Gal < 14 kpc), focussing on the [ α / Fe]-[Fe / H]-age plane in ﬁve radial bins of the Galactic disc. We ﬁnd an overall agreement with the expectations of pure chemical-evolution models computed before the present data were available, especially for the outer regions. However, our data also indicate that a signiﬁcant fraction of stars now observed near and beyond the solar neighbourhood migrated from inner regions. Mock CoRoGEE observations of a chemodynamical Milky Way disc model indicate that the number of high-metallicity stars in the outer disc is too high to be accounted for even by the strong radial mixing present in the model. The mock observations also show that the age distribution of the [ α / Fe]-enhanced sequence in the CoRoGEE inner-disc ﬁeld is much broader than expected from a combination of radial mixing and observational errors. We suggest that a thick-disc / bulge component that formed stars for more than 3 Gyr may account for these discrepancies. Our results are subject to future improvements due to (a) the still low statistics, because our sample had to be sliced into bins of Galactocentric distances and ages; (b) large uncertainties in proper motions (and therefore guiding radii); and (c) corrections to the asteroseismic mass-scaling relation. The situation will improve not only upon the upcoming Gaia data releases, but also with the foreseen increase in the number of stars with both seismic and spectroscopic information.
Impact of the adoption of semi-mechanized technologies of shea processing on rural women's income in Northern Benin (West Africa)

In Benin, the shea sector is one of the most promoted sectors in government’s attempt to diversify sources of farm income. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the adoption of the semi-mechanized shea processing on the income of rural women in northern Benin. In total, a random sample of 200 women processing shea was investigated. A probit model was firstly run to analyze the factors determining the adoption of the semi-mechanization. Then, a multiple regression model was used to assess the impact of adoption on women's income. The results highlighted that, the adoption of semi-mechanization was determined by availability of electricity, availability of a market, contact with extension services and shea processing as main activity for woman. Moreover, the adoption of semi-mechanization has induced a positive and significant increase of rural women’s income up to 103 914 Francs CFA. As a result, it is important that agricultural policy reinforce the promotion of modern agricultural processing technologies to improve the added value and to reduce poverty in rural areas. As well, electricity and market access, women’s level of education and contact with extension need to be improved. income, Benin.
Conservation Agriculture in Zambia: Effects on Selected Soil Properties and Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Soya Beans (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

Conservation agriculture has been promoted in Zambia as a strategy to mitigate some of the negative effects arising from conventional tillage practices. Conservation agriculture offers several potential benefits on soil properties. However, these benefits and impacts vary across agro ecological regions and management practices. This study investigated changes, over time, associated with the practice of conservation agriculture in selected soil chemical, physical and biological properties, including an assessment of the effects on soil respiration, nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation in soya beans (Glycine max (L.) Merr). Six paired soil samples were collected from conservation agriculture and conventional tillage fields. Fields under conservation agriculture were 4, 7 and 16 years old while those under conventional tillage had been cultivated for over 18 years. Changes in soil properties due to conservation agriculture practice were determined using published laboratory procedures and compared using the paired t-test at 95% confidence level. The results indicated significantly higher soil pH, soil organic carbon, nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation under conservation agriculture than conventional tillage after seven years of practice. The study also showed significantly higher total porosity, soil microbial biomass, soil respiration and lower soil bulk density after sixteen years of practice. Based on these results, the practice of conservation agriculture has potential to improve crop productivity by improving the different aspects of soil fertility, the length of time before this is realized notwithstanding. Further studies that compare several conservation agriculture systems are recommended in other agro-ecological zones of the country to validate these findings.