Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Etudes précliniques sur la radiosensibilisation des tumeurs gliales de haut grade par chimiothérapie locale encapsulée.

Une des difficultes rencontrees lors de l'administration d'agents therapeutiques au sein du parenchyme cerebral peut etre resolue par l'utilisation de nouvelles formes galeniques implantables. Nous montrons dans ce travail la biocompatibilite dans le cerveau de rat des microspheres synthetisees par Biocompatibles facilement injectees par stereotaxie et chargees en doxorubicine (1mg/ml) (CM-BC1) ou en irinotecan (100mg/ml) (CM-BC2). Nous avons ensuite rapporte l'efficacite des CM-BC2 sur le gliome 9L du rat avec une amelioration significative de la survie par rapport aux groupes non traite ou traite par microspheres blanches. La combinaison des traitements n'ameliore pas significativement la survie par rapport a la radiotherapie seule. La recente expansion des nanotechnologies associee aux progres des methodes mini-invasives d'administration intracerebrale de medicaments offre l'opportunite d'ameliorer ces resultats. Nous avons etudie, toujours sur lemodele 9L, l'effet radiosensibilisant du paclitaxel, injecte en intratumoral par Convection-Enhanced Delivery (CED) et vectorise par des nanocapsules lipidiques (LNC) developpees par le laboratoire. Une tendance a l'augmentation se profile en faveur des LNC de paclitaxel qui permettent l'obtention de la meilleure mediane de survie (+10 jours par rapport au groupe irradie seul). Bien que les resultats soient non significatifs, l'association d'une chimiotherapie locale a la radiotherapie est interessante. Il reste maintenant a optimiser les connaissances sur ce vecteur avec notamment possibilite d'adressage subcellulaire et amelioration de la cinetique de liberation du principe actif.
Survival in untreated early stage non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the survival of untreated stage I and II in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of medical charts of all patients diagnosed with early stage NSCLC, between January 1990 and December 2001, was conducted and patients who were not treated were identified. Data on patient's age, gender, stage of the disease, pathology, reason for non-treatment and cause of death were reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients with untreated stage I and II NSCLC were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 77 years; 66.7% were men and 33.3% were women. All patients were Caucasian and 66.7% had stage I disease, 46.2% had squamous cell carcinoma, while adenocarcinoma was found in 28.2%. The major reason for non treatment was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (64.1%) and the main cause of death was metastatic disease (48.7%). The overall mean survival was 11.9 months. The mean survival at stage I was not statistically different from the mean survival at stage II (13.7 months vs. 8.4 months) (p < 0.12). CONCLUSION Patients with untreated early stages NSCLC have a very poor prognosis. Alternative therapies that are better tolerated should be investigated in these patients with early stage NSCLC who cannot be offered standard treatment.
Phase II Clinical Trial of First or Second-Line Treatment with Bortezomib in Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Based on promising preclinical efficacy of bortezomib in mesothelioma, a single-arm phase II trial (Ireland Cooperative Oncology Research Group 05-10 study), with Simon’s two-stage design, was undertaken to assess efficacy of bortezomib monotherapy in the first-line (poor performance status) and second-line settings. The Bcl-2 homology domain 3-only protein Noxa has been implicated as a key inducer of apoptosis by bortezomib. Thus, in a biomarker research substudy, we hypothesized that deficiency in Noxa expression might correlate with resistance. In the second-line setting, 23 patients were enrolled. Partial response was confirmed in one patient (4.8%) who received four cycles of bortezomib. One patient had stable disease; however, progression occurred in the majority of patients within the first two cycles. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 2.1 and 5.8 months, respectively. In the first-line setting, ten patients were accrued, and there was no evidence of objective response. In the tumor analysis, expression of Noxa was seen in all biopsies. Bortezomib monotherapy exhibits insufficient activity to warrant further investigation in unselected patients with mesothelioma.
Retrovirus Restriction by TRIM5 Proteins Requires Recognition of Only a Small Fraction of Viral Capsid Subunits

ABSTRACT The host restriction factors TRIM5α and TRIMCyp potently inhibit retrovirus infection by binding to the incoming retrovirus capsid. TRIM5 proteins are dimeric, and their association with the viral capsid appears to be enhanced by avidity effects owing to formation of higher-order oligomeric complexes. We examined the stoichiometric requirement for TRIM5 functional recognition by quantifying the efficiencies of restriction of HIV-1 and murine leukemia virus (MLV) particles containing various proportions of restriction-sensitive and -insensitive CA subunits. Both TRIMCyp and TRIM5α inhibited infection of retrovirus particles containing as little as 25% of the restriction-sensitive CA protein. Accordingly, we also observed efficient binding of TRIMCyp in vitro to capsid assemblies containing as little as one-fourth wild-type CA protein. Paradoxically, the ability of HIV-1 particles to abrogate TRIMCyp restriction in trans was more strongly dependent on the fraction of wild-type CA than was restriction of infection. Collectively, our results indicate that TRIM5 restriction factors bind to retroviral capsids in a highly cooperative manner and suggest that TRIM5 can engage a capsid lattice containing a minimum of three or fewer recognizable subunits per hexamer. Our study supports a model in which localized binding of TRIM5 to the viral capsid nucleates rapid polymerization of a TRIM5 lattice on the capsid surface.
Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia: Human Resource Management

Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Edisi 14 memberikan suatu pengantar penuh dan praktis mengenai konsep dan teknik sumber daya manusia, dengan fokus pada cara penggunaan teknik-teknik tersebut untuk meningkatkan kinerja, produktivitas, dan profitabilitas di tempat kerja. Seluruh manajertidak hanya manajer SDMmembutuhkan dasar yang kuat dalam konsep dan teknik manajemen personel/SDM untuk melakukan pekerjaan mereka secara efektif. Dengan demikian, Anda di sini akan menemukan penekanan pada materi praktis yang Anda butuhkan untuk melakukan tanggung jawab manajemen Anda sehari-hari, sekalipun Anda tidak pernah seharipun menjadi manajer sumber daya manusia. Edisi ini berfokus pada kinerja, produktivitas, dan profitabilitas karena dua alasan. Pertama, perusahaan haruslah kompetitif, dan pada akhirnya, daya saing membutuhkan kinerja, produktivitas, dan profitabilitas yang lebih baik. Buku ini dilengkapi dengan fitur-fitur yang sangat membantu bagi pembaca untuk lebih memahami penerapannya dalam dunis nyata. Selain itu, dilengkapi dengan berbagai latihan dan soal yang dapat digunakan mahasiswa untuk melatih dan menerapkan pemahaman yang didapat dari materi dalam buku ini.
Generetion Z on the labour market : do they trust others within their workplace?

: Trust is an interpersonal phenomenon influencing social, institutional and even societal processes. Although various cultures can be characterised with different levels of trust, the members of various cultures cannot be considered identical regarding their levels of trust. Different generations have different levels of trust. What is more, the level of trust is influenced by other variables, such as gender, social embeddedness and educational background. Present article aims to analyse the work-related values of generation Z to find out to what extent do they trust their superiors and peers, and how they are embedded in their workplaces. It endeavours to call attention to generational differences regarding trust, and indicates how workplaces should address this phenomenon. In the paper, the data of the World Values Survey: Wave 5 has been compared with the results of a primary (online questionnaire based) research on a sample of 399 students in higher education with at least 6 months of work experience and analysed with SPSS 20 program. The results indicate that the workplace behaviour of generation Z employees is radically different from that of older generations’; hence managers have to put conscious effort in fostering good interpersonal relations of colleagues. The results also indicate that respect and trust towards superiors are not automatic; they have to be earned through professional excellence.
Anti-tuberculous therapy for maintaining remission of Crohn's disease.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of anti-tuberculous therapy for the maintenance of remission in patients with Crohn's disease. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Trials Register, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and MEDLINE from 1966 to 1998 (supplemented by a manual search of Index Medicus from 1966 to 1994). We also searched for abstracts in Gut, Gastroenterology, and The American Journal of Gastroenterology from 1990 to 1996. Date of most recent search: August 1998. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized trials of anti-tuberculous therapy in patients with Crohn's disease. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Data on the number of patients maintaining remission for each treatment group were abstracted. These data were pooled to yield Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios and numbers needed to treat for maintenance of remission in treated versus control groups. MAIN RESULTS A total of seven randomized trials which included 355 patients were identified. Two trials used anti-tuberculous therapy (clofazimine or clofazimine, rafmpin, ethambutol, and dapsone) in combination with corticosteroids to induce remission. Maintenance therapy consisted of the anti-tuberculous agents without corticosteroids. Control patients received corticosteroids to induce remission but no anti-tuberculous therapy. The analysis of all seven trials yielded an odds ratio for maintenance of remission of 1.36 (95% CI 0.87-2. 13). Removing the two studies that were published as abstracts did not significantly affect this result: the pooled odds ratio was 1.14 (95% CI 0.71-1.83). The two trials reported as abstracts were excluded from subgroup analyses because they did not include any information on adjunct therapy. Subgroup analysis of the two trials which used steroids to induce remission yielded an odds ratio for maintenance of remission of 3.37 (95% CI 1.38-8.24). The number needed to treat was three. However, these two trials included only 89 patients, and the results should be interpreted with caution. The remaining three trials compared the combination of anti-tuberculous therapy and 'standard therapy' with 'standard therapy alone'. The pooled odds ratio was 0.70 (95% CI 0.39-1.25). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Anti-tuberculous therapy may be effective in maintaining remission in patients with Crohn's disease when remission has been induced with corticosteroids combined with anti-tuberculous therapy. However, the results which support this conclusion come from a subgroup of only two trials with small numbers of patients and should be interpreted with caution. Use of this therapy cannot be recommended on the basis of this evidence.
Spondylodiscitis in Childhood: Results of a Long-Term Study

Study Design. Retrospective study to gather long-term data clinical, paraclinical, and radiographic data on nonoperatively managed cases of childhood spondylodiscitis. Objectives. To analyze and assess the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings in children with spondylodiscitis and to document the efficacy of conservative treatment based on the long-term clinical, functional, and radiologic outcomes of these patients. Summary of Background Data. Childhood spondylodiscitis is an extremely rare entity that often presents an nonspecific clinical picture. Treatment strategies are mainly conservative. Assessment of the clinical and radiologic outcomes of these patients is essential for prognosis and for justification of nonoperative management. Methods. According to our hospital records, 25 children (17 girls and 8 boys) with a mean age of 6.1 years (range: 2 months–12 years) were hospitalized for spondylodiscitis between 1968 and 1988. Parameters related to the duration of symptoms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic workup, and course of treatment were reviewed. Twenty of the patients (75%) returned for clinical and radiologic follow-up at least 10 years after discharge (range 10–23 years). Results. All of the patients presented with uncharacteristic signs and symptoms. Laboratory markers of inflammation were only moderately elevated. On average, the diagnosis of spondylodiscitis was established after a delay of 14 weeks (range 2 days–60 weeks). All levels of the spine were affected, whereby the thoracic and lumbar spine were preferential sites. The radiographic studies revealed destruction of adjacent vertebral bodies in 12 cases (48%). The remaining 13 patients (52%) had isolated disc involvement without radiographically detectable bone destruction. An abscess was detected by computed tomography in only 1 case. At the time of follow-up, 16 patients (80%) were asymptomatic and had unrestricted spinal mobility. Four patients (20%) had restricted spinal mobility with local kyphosis, which could be documented objectively on radiograph film. In 12 cases (60%), healing was accompanied by fibrous ankylosis and high-grade narrowing of the intervertebral disc space, as was demonstrated radiologically. Eight patients (40%) exhibited fusion of the vertebrae (4 partial, 4 complete). Four patients (20%) had residual defects. Conclusions. Our study shows that the course of childhood spondylodiscitis is generally benign. Segmental orbony ankylosis may occur during the healing process but normally does not lead to serious functional deficits. Neurologic deficits were not observed in any of our patients. Conservative management must be intensive, but the results are good. Biopsy is not required except in the few cases where diagnostic uncertainty prevails.
Source Description of the 1999 Hector Mine, California, Earthquake, Part II: Complexity of Slip History

We present a rupture model of the Hector Mine earthquake (M 7.1), determined from the joint inversion of strong-motion records, P and SH teleseismic body waves, Global Positioning System (GPS) displacement vectors, and measured surface offset. We solve for variable local slip, rake angle, rise time, and rupture velocity of a finite-fault model involving multiple segments. The inversion methodology developed in a companion article (Ji et al., 2002) combines a wavelet transform approach with a nonlinear (simulated annealing) algorithm. The final model is checked by forward simulating the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSar) data. Our estimation to the seismic moment is 6.28 × 10^(19) N m, which is distributed along three segments from north to south, releasing 37%, 41%, and 22% of the total moment, respectively. The average slip is 1.5 m, with peak amplitudes as high as 7 m. The fault rupture has an average rise time of 3.5 sec and a relatively slow average rupture velocity (1.9 km/sec) resulting in a 14-sec rupture propagation history. Our approach permits large variation in rupture velocity and rise time, and indicates that rise time appears to be roughly proportional to slip and shorter rise times are associated with the initiation of asperity rupture. We also find evidence for nearly simultaneous rupture of the two northern branches.
Psychoeducation in panic disorder patients: effect of a self‐information booklet in a randomized, masked‐rater study

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a self‐information booklet (SIB) in decreasing anxiety and panic attacks in Panic Disorder (PD) patients. Eighty‐four patients attending an outpatient clinic due to panic disorder were randomly chosen to receive paroxetine with/without a friendly‐designed brochure. Follow‐up was done by a masked rater after 1, 3,and 12 weeks in order to evaluate whether the co‐administration of paroxetine and the brochure (Group A) had a beneficial effect over the administration of paroxetine alone (Group B). After 3 weeks of therapy, Group A patients had significantly greater improvement and lower scores on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Panic Self Questionnaire, and the Visual Analog Scale. After 12 weeks, the differential improvement was not statistically significant and both groups had improved as compared to baseline. The administration of a psychoeducational brochure (SIB) to PD patients at the initiation of therapy had beneficial effects during the first weeks of treatment. Although this effect fades away, the role of the SIB is overstressed in its ability to increase well being and compliance, and reduce anxiety and panic attacks. Depression and Anxiety 16:71–76, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative ultrastructure of intercalated ducts in major salivary glands: a review

Intercalated ducts (IDs) connect the secretory endpieces of mammalian major salivary glands to the prominent intralobular striated ducts or, in the case of some groups of rodents, to the granular convoluted tubules (GCT). Because they have a nondescript appearance in conventional histological preparations, they generally are given short shrift in standard histology texts. Early electron microscopic studies of salivary glands dealt mainly with common laboratory animals and the impression was gained that IDs have a rather mundane structure. Our comparative ultrastructural studies of salivary glands include the parotid and submandibular glands (and in many cases, the sublingual gland) of more than 250 mammalian species. Most of these have not been described previously and are included here as ‘‘unpublished. ’’ About 90% of these were collected and field-fixed for transmission electron micros
An Analysis of Drivers of International Investment Decisions in South Africa

The study investigated the drivers of international investment decisions in South Africa. As part of its investment drive, the government has embarked on a series of activities to lure investors. That been the case it appears that most of the empirical studies focused mainly on the relationship between investment and economic growth, hence very little seems to be known about the empirical evidence of other drivers of international investment decisions and their impact on the South African economy. The findings are envisaged to provide information and to add policy formulation to attract the much needed foreign investment. The autoregressive distribution lag approach was chosen to analyse the long and the short run relationships amongst the variables of interest and Granger Causality analysis was also employed to determine causal relationships between dependent variable and its regressors. The results indicated that a stronger statistical and economic basis for empirical error correction model was established by the presence of cointegration amongst the variables and all the regressors were found to have a positive effect in the stock of foreign direct investment. Empirical findings suggest that government should ensure stable macroeconomic policies and labour disputes that result into prolonged strike actions must be minimised.
Gastric adenocarcinoma mimicking a submucosal tumor: case report.

A 73-year-old asymptomatic Japanese woman presented for further evaluation of a gastric lesion discovered on upper GI contrast radiography during a regular health evaluation. Her medical history included old pulmonary tuberculosis, cholecystectomy, and hypertension. The family history was significant in that two brothers died of gastric cancer at, respectively, ages 55 and 79 years. Examination was unremarkable. Contrast radiography had demonstrated a mass on the posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach. At EGD, there was a 1.0-cm SMT (Fig. 1) covered with benign-appearing mucosa except for a central depression with surrounding erythema. EUS demonstrated a 7.0-mm homogenous, well-circumscribed hypoechogenic lesion arising from the second to third sonographic layers with no evidence of adjacent lymphadenopathy (Fig. 2). The EUS appearance was suggestive of a gastric carcinoid tumor or leiomyoma. Initial biopsy specimens were negative for neoplasm. However, because the central depression with surrounding erythema raised a suspicion for malignancy, EGD was repeated and biopsy specimens taken from the central depression revealed adenocarcinoma (Fig. 3). Standard blood tests, carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were within normal ranges. A chest radiograph was unremarkable except for fibrotic changes in the lungs consistent with old tuberculosis. CT of the abdomen and pelvis was normal except for a 5.0-cm mass at the lateral superior portion of the left hepatic lobe, which was confirmed to be a hemangioma by a subsequent dynamic CT study. Preoperative EGD 6 weeks later revealed that the tumor had became more flattened and that the central redness was more prominent (Fig. 4). Partial proximal gastrectomy with jejunal pouch interposition was performed to reduce post-operative gastro-
Association between 7 years of intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes and long-term mortality.

IMPORTANCE Whether mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus is affected following intensive glycemic therapy has not been established. OBJECTIVE To determine whether mortality differed between the original intensive and conventional treatment groups in the long-term follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS After the DCCT (1983-1993) ended, participants were followed up in a multisite (27 US and Canadian academic clinical centers) observational study (Epidemiology of Diabetes Control and Complications [EDIC]) until December 31, 2012. Participants were 1441 healthy volunteers with diabetes mellitus who, at baseline, were 13 to 39 years of age with 1 to 15 years of diabetes duration and no or early microvascular complications, and without hypertension, preexisting cardiovascular disease, or other potentially life-threatening disease. INTERVENTIONS AND EXPOSURES During the clinical trial, participants were randomly assigned to receive intensive therapy (n = 711) aimed at achieving glycemia as close to the nondiabetic range as safely possible, or conventional therapy (n = 730) with the goal of avoiding symptomatic hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. At the end of the DCCT, after a mean of 6.5 years, intensive therapy was taught and recommended to all participants and diabetes care was returned to personal physicians. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Total and cause-specific mortality was assessed through annual contact with family and friends and through records over 27 years' mean follow-up. RESULTS Vital status was ascertained for 1429 (99.2%) participants. There were 107 deaths, 64 in the conventional and 43 in the intensive group. The absolute risk difference was -109 per 100,000 patient-years (95% CI, -218 to -1), with lower all-cause mortality risk in the intensive therapy group (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67 [95% CI, 0.46-0.99]; P = .045). Primary causes of death were cardiovascular disease (24 deaths; 22.4%), cancer (21 deaths; 19.6%), acute diabetes complications (19 deaths; 17.8%), and accidents or suicide (18 deaths; 16.8%). Higher levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were associated with all-cause mortality (HR = 1.56 [95% CI, 1.35-1.81 per 10% relative increase in HbA1c]; P < .001), as well as the development of albuminuria (HR = 2.20 [95% CI, 1.46-3.31]; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE After a mean of 27 years' follow-up of patients with type 1 diabetes, 6.5 years of initial intensive diabetes therapy was associated with a modestly lower all-cause mortality rate when compared with conventional therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifiers: NCT00360815 and NCT00360893.