Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dome Corrective Osteotomy for Cubitus Varus Deformity

Between 1994 and 1998, 15 patients had corrective dome-shaped osteotomy of the humerus for posttraumatic cubitus varus deformity. Thirteen patients had surgery before puberty and two patients had surgery after puberty. In the prepuberty group, all the osteotomies were done by a posterior approach with triceps muscle splitting, and cross pins were used to fix the osteotomy. In the postpuberty group, the osteotomies were done by a posterior approach with olecranon osteotomy, and reconstructive plates were used for fixation. The average followup was 2 years and 4 months. Preoperative carrying angle ranged from 19° to 31° varus (average, 26.2° ) and postoperative carrying angle ranged from 7° to 15° valgus (average, 10.7°). No loss of correction was observed and all osteotomies united. The preoperative and postoperative differences of the lateral condylar prominence index ranged from −67% to +6% (average, −30.1%). After reviewing these cases, a dome-shaped osteotomy was found to have the following advantages for correction of cubitus varus deformity: the osteotomy site is more stable than a lateral closing wedge osteotomy for maintaining the correction obtained; the domed osteotomy avoids having the lateral condyle becoming prominent; and the posterior scar is more cosmetically acceptable than the lateral scar in the lateral closing wedge osteotomy.
A report on the quality control parameters of aerial parts of Pluchea lanceolata (DC.) Oliv. & Hiern, Asteraceae

Pluchea lanceolata (DC.) Oliv. & Hiern, Asteraceae, is a weed that has been used as an indigenous medicine in India as an antipyretic, analgesic, anti-rheumatic and nervine tonic. This paper aims at setting the morphological and anatomical standards and to characterize the extract(s) of P. lanceolata by preliminary phytochemical screening as quality control parameter for the raw material.
Nursing home performance in resident care in the United States: is it only a matter of for-profit versus not-for-profit?

Abstract: Poorer resident care in US for-profit relative to not-for-profit nursing homes is usually blamed on the profit motive. But US nursing home performance may relate to Medicaid public financing in a manner qualifying the relationship between ownership and quality. We investigated effects of Medicaid resident census, Medicaid payment, and occupancy on performance. Resource dependence theory implies these predictors may affect discretion in resources invested in resident care across for-profit and not-for-profit facilities. Models on physical restraint use and registered nurse (RN) staffing were studied using generalized estimating equations with panel data derived from certification inspections of nursing homes. Restraint use increased and RN staffing levels decreased among for-profit and not-for-profit facilities when the Medicaid census increased and Medicaid payment decreased. Interaction effects supported a theory that performance relates to available discretion in resource allocation. Effects of occupancy appear contingent on the dependence on Medicaid. Poorer performance among US for-profit nursing homes may relate to for-profit homes having lower occupancy, higher Medicaid census, and operating in US states with lower Medicaid payments compared to not-for-profit homes. Understanding the complexity of factors affecting resources expended on resident care may further our understanding of the production of quality in nursing homes, whether in the US or elsewhere.
A “Slide-back” Mechanism for the Initiation of Protein-primed RNA Synthesis by the RNA Polymerase of Poliovirus*

Poliovirus RNA replication is initiated when a molecule of UMP is covalently linked to the hydroxyl group of a tyrosine in the terminal protein VPg. This reaction can be reproduced in vitro with an assay that utilizes two purified viral proteins, RNA polymerase 3Dpol and viral protein 3CDpro, synthetic VPg, UTP, and Mg2+. The template for the reaction is either poliovirus RNA or transcripts of a small RNA hairpin, termed cre(2C), located in the coding sequence of protein 2CATPase. The products of the reaction are VPgpU and VPgpUpU, the primers used by 3Dpol for RNA synthesis. With mutant template RNAs in this assay we determined the precise initiation site. Our results indicate that 1) 3Dpol does not possess strict specificity toward the nucleotide it links to VPg, 2) A-5 of the conserved 1GXXXAAAXXXXXXA14 sequence in the loop is the template nucleotide for the linkage of both the first and second UMPs to VPg, 3) VPgpUpU is synthesized by a “slide-back” mechanism, and 4) A-6 provides specificity to the reaction during the slide-back step and also modulates the uridylylation reaction. In additional experiments we determined the effect of mutations in the 5AAA7 sequence of cre(2C) on viral growth, RNA replication, and on the activity of the 2CATPase protein. Furthermore, we observed that the spacing between G-1 and A-5 and the size of the loop affect the yield but not the nature of the VPg-linked products.
Diffusion of New Pharmaceutical Drugs in Developing and Developed Nations

In the context of introducing new products around the world, it is important to understand the relative attractiveness of various countries in terms of maximum penetration potential and diffusion speed. In this paper, we examine these market characteristics for a new category of prescription drugs in both developing and developed countries. Using data from fifteen countries, and a logistic specification in the Hierarchical Bayesian framework, we report the differences in diffusion speed and maximum penetration potential between developing and developed nations. Our methodology accounts for the limited number of data observations as well as serial correlation and endogeneity problems that arise in the analysis. The principal findings include: (i) Compared to developed countries, developing nations tend to have lower diffusion speeds and maximum penetration levels; (ii) Laggard developed countries have higher speeds. However, laggard developing countries do not have higher diffusion speeds; (iii) Per capita expenditures on healthcare have a positive effect on diffusion speed (particularly for developed countries), while higher prices tend to decrease diffusion speed. The paper concludes by identifying useful avenues for additional research.
The Effect of Electrogram Duration on Quantification of Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms and Dominant Frequency

Introduction: Sites of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) and highest dominant frequency (DF) have been proposed as critical regions maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to determine the minimum electrogram recording duration that accurately characterizes CFAE or DF sites for ablation without unduly lengthening the procedure.
Revisiting the Effectiveness of Off-the-shelf Temporal Modeling Approaches for Large-scale Video Classification

This paper describes our solution for the video recognition task of ActivityNet Kinetics challenge that ranked the 1st place. Most of existing state-of-the-art video recognition approaches are in favor of an end-to-end pipeline. One exception is the framework of DevNet. The merit of DevNet is that they first use the video data to learn a network (i.e. fine-tuning or training from scratch). Instead of directly using the end-to-end classification scores (e.g. softmax scores), they extract the features from the learned network and then fed them into the off-the-shelf machine learning models to conduct video classification. However, the effectiveness of this line work has long-term been ignored and underestimated. In this submission, we extensively use this strategy. Particularly, we investigate four temporal modeling approaches using the learned features: Multi-group Shifting Attention Network, Temporal Xception Network, Multi-stream sequence Model and Fast-Forward Sequence Model. Experiment results on the challenging Kinetics dataset demonstrate that our proposed temporal modeling approaches can significantly improve existing approaches in the large-scale video recognition tasks. Most remarkably, our best single Multi-group Shifting Attention Network can achieve 77.7% in term of top-1 accuracy and 93.2% in term of top-5 accuracy on the validation set.
A role for methotrexate in the management of non-infectious orbital inflammatory disease

AIM To evaluate the clinical usefulness of methotrexate for patients with non-infectious orbital inflammatory disease who fail to respond to systemic corticosteroids and/or orbital irradiation. METHODS The medical records of patients with non-infectious orbital inflammatory disease who were treated with methotrexate at Oregon Health Sciences University between June 1993 and June 2000 were examined. Methotrexate was administered at a median maximum dose of 20 mg per week (range 15–25 mg per week) in conjunction with folate supplementation. Patients were followed with regular ophthalmic examinations, as well as serum liver enzyme levels and blood cell counts. Clinical signs of regression of the orbital inflammation, visual acuity, dosage and duration of methotrexate therapy, requirement for concurrent corticosteroid administration, and adverse drug reactions were recorded. RESULTS The study cohort included 14 patients (24 eyes) with diagnoses including non-specific orbital inflammation (n=7), Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (n=1), thyroid orbitopathy (n=3), Wegener's granulomatosis (n=1), sarcoidosis (n=1), and Erdheim-Chester disease (n=1). In all cases, methotrexate was commenced as a corticosteroid sparing agent. 10 patients (71%) completed a 4 month therapeutic trial of methotrexate. Median duration of treatment for the nine (64%) patients who experienced clinical benefit was 25 months (range 10–47 months). Six responders were ultimately able to cease methotrexate, including the single patient who required concurrent long term corticosteroid therapy. Complications included fatigue, gastrointestinal disturbance, hair thinning and mild, reversible serum liver enzyme elevation. Two patients (14%) discontinued treatment because of adverse effects. CONCLUSION Methotrexate is a well tolerated immunosuppressive medication which may benefit patients with recalcitrant non-infectious orbital inflammatory disease.
How the Moralization of Issues Grants Social Legitimacy to Act on One’s Attitudes

Actions that do not have as their goal the advancement or protection of one’s material interests are often seen as illegitimate. Four studies suggested that moral values can legitimate action in the absence of material interest. The more participants linked sociopolitical issues to moral values, the more comfortable they felt advocating on behalf of those issues and the less confused they were by others’ advocacy (Studies 1 and 2). Crime victims were perceived as being more entitled to claim special privileges when the crime had violated their personal moral values (Studies 3 and 4). These effects were strongest when the legitimacy to act could not already be derived from one’s material interests, suggesting that moral values and material interest can represent interchangeable justifications for behavior. No support was found for the possibility that attitude strength explained these effects. The power of moralization to disinhibit action is discussed.
Overdiagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection and Underdiagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infection in Adult Women Presenting to an Emergency Department

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are commonly diagnosed in emergency departments (EDs). Distinguishing between these syndromes can be challenging because of overlapping symptomatology and because both are associated with abnormalities on urinalysis (UA). We conducted a 2-month observational cohort study to determine the accuracy of clinical diagnoses of UTI and STI in adult women presenting with genitourinary (GU) symptoms or diagnosed with GU infections at an urban academic ED. For all urine specimens, UA, culture, and nucleic acid amplification testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis were performed. Of 264 women studied, providers diagnosed 175 (66%) with UTIs, 100 (57%) of whom were treated without performing a urine culture during routine care. Combining routine care and study-performed urine cultures, only 84 (48%) of these women had a positive urine culture. Sixty (23%) of the 264 women studied had one or more positive STI tests, 22 (37%) of whom did not receive treatment for an STI within 7 days of the ED visit. Fourteen (64%) of these 22 women were diagnosed with a UTI instead of an STI. Ninety-two percent of the women studied had an abnormal UA finding (greater-than-trace leukocyte esterase level, positive nitrite test result, or pyuria). The positive and negative predictive values of an abnormal UA finding were 41 and 76%, respectively. In this population, empirical therapy for UTI without urine culture testing and overdiagnosis of UTI were common and associated with unnecessary antibiotic exposure and missed STI diagnoses. Abnormal UA findings were common and not predictive of positive urine cultures.
Application of Pattern Recognition to Steady-State Security Evaluation in a Power System

Power system operation is outlined and system security is defined. The need for security evaluation in power system operation is discussed, and the evaluation is presented as a pattern recognition problem. A suitable straightforward and quick procedure is used to select a small number of variables as features from a large set of variables which are normally available in power systems. Comparison is made on the security classification performances of a number of different types ot classifiers. The training of classifiers is carried out by a search algorithm which seeks to minimize the number of classification errors. The procedure to determine the security functions (classifiers) is illustrated by an example, and simulation results on the steady-state security of the CIGRE 225-kV system show that the pattern recognition approach to security evaluation is encouraging. Some uses of security functions in the control and operation of power systems are outlined. The effect of many of these uses cannot be achieved as easily by other existing methods. Finally, some of the problems associated with the application of pattern recognition to power system security evaluation are discussed.
Effects of Zirconia Content on Leucite Crystallization and Microstructural Evolution of Dental Porcelain Ceramic-Nanocomposites

In this work, effects of ZrO2 additive concentration (0-65 wt%) on leucite crystallization and microstructural evolution of dental porcelain ceramics derived from a twostep sintering technique were examined by using a combination of X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and Energy dispersive X-ray techniques. The amount of ZrO2 additives has been found to be one of the key factors controlling leucite formation and microstructure on the zirconia surface in dental porcelain ceramics. It is likely that the ZrO2 additives of ≤ 10 wt% act as nucleating agent for the leucite crystallization leading to larger amount and size of leucite particles. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) of leucite particle sizes were found only between the ZrO2 modified and the unmodified porcelains.
New evidence for an association between the CSF HVA:5-HIAA ratio and psychopathic traits

Objectives: To replicate the relation between the CSF HVA:5-HIAA ratio and psychopathic traits previously reported in a pilot group of 22 perpetrators of violent crimes. Methods: CSF monoamine metabolite concentrations in another 28 violent and sexual offenders, aged 45 or below, referred to pretrial forensic psychiatric investigation, were compared to features of psychopathy according to the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R). Results: Our previous finding was repeated in the new study group, where the HVA:5-HIAA ratio was strongly associated with psychopathic traits (r = 0.50, p = 0.010), particularly its behavioural aspects (r = 0.523, p = 0.004). In subsamples of individuals from both study groups who had no medication (n = 25) or no current axis I disorder, including a history of mood disorder or substance dependence (n = 21), the HVA:5-HIAA ratio remained strongly associated with all psychopathy factors but most closely with the behavioural features. Retrospective assessments of childhood disruptive symptomatology, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or conduct disorder, analysed in relation to the monoamine metabolites, showed the same association with the HVA:5-HIAA ratio. Conclusions: Violent and aggressive behavioural traits with childhood onset and adult expression as psychopathic features are associated with changed activity in the brain dopaminergic system, possibly as a result of serotonergic dysregulation.
Epithelioid sarcoma. A sarcoma simulating a granuloma or a carcinoma

This article reviews the pathologic features and the behavior of 62 cases of a peculiar form of sarcoma that has repeatedly been confused with a chronic inflammatory processa necrotizing granulomaand a squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor occurs chiefly in young adults (median age 23 years) and most commonly affects the soft tissues of the handthe forearmand the pretibial region. It tends to grow in a nodular or multinodular manner along fascial structures and tendonsoften with central necrosis of the tumor nodules and ulceration of the overlying skin. Most of the tumors grow slowlyand many of our cases had been present for months or years prior to surgery. Microscopicallythe tumor consists of irregular nodular masses of largedeeply acidophilic polygonal cells merging with spindle cellsfrequently associated with large amounts of hyalinized collagen. Follow‐up information on 54 patients (87%) revealed slowrelentless clinical course with frequent recurrence (85%) and late metastasis (30%). Cure may be achieved by wide local excision at early stage of disease.
Twenty years of understorey bird extinctions from Amazonian rain forest fragments: consistent trends and landscape‐mediated dynamics

Aim We analysed presence/absence data for understorey bird species in rain forest fragments sampled from 1979 through 2001. Here we consider extinctions between 1992, when most fragments had been isolated for at least 8 years, and 2001. Our objectives were to determine whether high extinction rates documented soon after isolation continued through up to 20 years after isolation, and to examine fragment size and landscape effects on extinction.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Vestibular Rehabilitation Combined with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Dizziness in Older People

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation combined with cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of dizziness in older people. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomized controlled design was used with patients recruited via an advertisement. Nine patients completed treatment and 10 served as waiting-list controls. The intervention lasted 7 weeks with 5 weekly group sessions and consisted of vestibular exercises. Cognitive behavioral therapy components were added to promote relaxation, reduce anxiety, and avoidance of feared situations and movements. RESULTS: Statistically significant improvements on walking time, 2 dizziness provocative movements, and on the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, but no effects on the Romberg or anxiety and depression. Of the treated patients, 89% reached statistical significant improvement on the total inventory score. CONCLUSION: Cognitive behavioral therapy combined with vestibular rehabilitation decreases dizziness in older people. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings indicate that cognitive behavioral therapy can be combined with vestibular rehabilitation in the treatment of dizziness.
Quantum Zeno effect without collapse of the wave packet.

The change of dynamics in a quantum system under frequent or continuous observation, known as the quantum Zeno effect, is generally derived from the projection or reduction of the wave-packet hypothesis that is the central postulate in the theory of quantum measurements. The only experiment in which the Zeno effect has yet been clearly demonstrated, though, allows no conclusion on the necessity or validity of the projection postulate. This is shown by calculating, in detail, the outcome of the experiment on the basis of the standard three-level Bloch equations. These equations follow from the quantum theory of irreversible processes with no additional assumptions necessary, such as which part of the system serves as measuring apparatus or how efficient the measurement would be.
Correcting measurement error bias in interaction models with small samples

Several methods have been suggested to estimate non-linear models with interaction terms in the presence of measurement error. Structural equation models eliminate measurement error bias, but require large samples. Ordinary least squares regression on summated scales, regression on factor scores and partial least squares are appropriate for small samples but do not correct measurement error bias. Two stage least squares regression does correct measurement error bias but the results strongly depend on the instrumental variable choice. This article discusses the old disattenuated regression method as an alternative for correcting measurement error in small samples. The method is extended to the case of interaction terms and is illustrated on a model that examines the interaction effect of innovation and style of use of budgets on business performance. Alternative reliability estimates that can be used to disattenuate the estimates are discussed. A comparison is made with the alternative methods. Methods that do not correct for measurement error bias perform very similarly and considerably worse than disattenuated regression.
Standardized immune monitoring for the prediction of infections after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in risk patients

Infections are the most common cause of late complications in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery patients, and are difficult to predict. Here we studied the diagnostic value of a standardized immune monitoring program based on recent advances in flow cytometry (exact quantification of surface‐marker expression) and cytokine determination (semiautomatic systems).