Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nihilism and Education in Heidegger’s Essay: ‘Nietzsche’s Word: “God is Dead”’

Abstract In the ‘Rectoral Address’, of 1933, Martin Heidegger indicates that the crisis of the West, articulated by Nietzsche as the ‘death of God’, was a central concern in his attempt to rethink and reform higher education in 1933–1934. While Heidegger soon thereafter appears to have abandoned serious efforts at any practical transformation of the modern university, his reflection on Nietzsche, the ‘death of God’, and ‘European nihilism’ becomes deeper and more urgent throughout the 1930s and 1940s. The question then arises: What are the consequences of this confrontation with Nietzsche and the problem of nihilism for our thinking about the current state and task of education? The following article takes up this question through a consideration of Heidegger’s essay, ‘Nietzsche’s Word: “God is Dead”’.
A Multidimensional Subjective Scale Development for Measuring Sales Performance of Retail Sales Personnel

In retail stores, salespeople are the main point of contact for customers and they are responsible for communication, store management, sales activities, solving customers' problems, helping them to make purchase decisions and thereby realizing sales closures and generating sales revenues. For that reason, evaluating sales performance of retail salespeople becomes a bit of problem to sales managers and researchers. Therefore, one of the most difficult tasks for sales managers is evaluating the performance of sales people under their control (Damnjanovic and Kulj, 2005). This study aims at developing a holistic measurement scale to evaluate sales performance of retail salespeople. Thorough analysis of literature and depth interviews with salespeople and sales managers at retail stores provided 48 different job related tasks which seemingly acted as indicators of sales force performance. These 48 items were subjected to Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) technique using SPSS 16 Version Processor with a purpose of removing unrelated and insignificant items thereby converging them into some meaningful factors. The final scale derived has 23 items converged into five underlying factors namely, Customer Service, Sales Enhancement Ability, Store Management Ability, Product Knowledge and Presentation, and Team Work. These factors represent the dimensions of sales performance measurement scale.
Exogenous FGF-4 can suppress anterior development in the mouse embryo during neurulation and early organogenesis.

Members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of peptide growth factors are widely expressed in the germ layer derivatives during gastrulation and early organogenesis of the mouse. We have investigated the effect of administering recombinant FGF-4 in the late-primitive streak stage embryo to test if the patterning of the body plan may be influenced by this growth factor. Shortly after FGF treatment the embryonic tissues up-regulated the expression of Brachyury and the RTK signaling regulator Spry2, suggesting that FGF signaling was activated as an immediate response to exogenous FGF. Concomitantly, Hesx1 expression was suppressed in the prospective anterior region of the embryo. After 24 h of in vitro development, embryos displayed a dosage-related suppression of forebrain morphogenesis, disruption of the midbrain-hindbrain partition, and inhibition of the differentiation of the embryonic mesoderm. Overall, development of the anterior-posterior axis in the late gastrula is sensitive to the delivery of exogenous FGF-4. The early response associated with the expression of Spry2 suggests that the later phenotype observed could be primarily related to an inhibition of the FGF signaling pathway.
Critical Factors in Agile Software Projects according to People, Process and Technology Perspective

Agile Software Development have become very important over the years for organizations of the modern world, however, software development itself is a very complex process. There are so many factors that affect project success or failure. This paper is a systematic review on the critical success factors of agile software development projects. We classified fourteen critical factors into three categories based on the pillars of Information Systems: people, process, and technology. In addition, primary studies were selected to identify the profile of agile development organizations, projects' characteristics, and implications of agile studies in these projects.
Effect of simvastatin on retinal vascular caliber: the Age‐Related Maculopathy Statin Study

created a small space in the corneal stroma, and the tissue staining dye replaced the preformed space. Femtosecond laser or microkeratome dissection has a flap-size limitation and needs additional mechanical dissection and extension procedures for large leukoma lesions. Further, lamellar flap procedure causes physical separation of the corneal stroma into two layers, which can hinder corneal mechanical reunion and weaken the adhesive bonding. Our technique differs from the conventional method because air infiltration is performed first in the corneal stroma and the preformed space is then replaced with the tattooing dye via a simple injection without repeated manipulation. The epithelialization could be achieved earlier than conventional stromal puncture method (Kim et al. 2011). Average period of epithelial healing was 9 days when calcium band removal was carried out for band keratopathy. When there was no calcium plaque on cornea, intact corneal epithelium could be observed on postoperative day 1 (Fig. 1). Tattooing after air bubble infiltration into the anterior stroma could prevent the invasive epithelial and stromal impairment resulting from the conventional stromal puncture technique and could bypass mechanical stromal cutting of cornea stroma from the conventional lamellar pocket method. Future histologic evaluations for dye toxicities would be necessary.
Dieldrin reduces male production and sex ratio in Daphnia galeata mendotae

We used the sex ratio of neonate Daphnia, as well as the more standard endpoints of adult survivorship and fecundity and neonatal morphology, as an assay for detecting the effects of the insecticides endosulfan and dieldrin. Dieldrin caused a decrease in sex ratio (number of males/number of males plus females); we observed no endosulfan effect. We estimated (by extrapolation) that the sex ratio was reduced by dieldrin from concentrations of about 30 ppb and higher, based on a linear decrease in sex ratio with log dieldrin concentrations from 50 to 600 ppb. Neither insecticide significantly affected adult survival or clutch size. Because sex ratio changed but total neonate production did not change, the data suggest that the effect of dieldrin was on the sex-determining system during embryogenesis. Neither insecticide caused morphological abnormalities. Mixtures of the two pesticides produced only additive effects.
Serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) polymorphism in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and healthy controls.

BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in serotonin re-uptake transporter (SERT or SLC6A4) gene may play role in disturbance in gut function in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between SLC6A4 polymorphism of SERT-P and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) concentration in IBS as compared with controls. METHODS 150 patients with IBS (Rome-III criteria) and 252 controls were subjected to SLC6A4 genotyping. 5-HT was measured in the rectal biopsy of patients only. RESULTS Patients and controls were age and gender-matched. Patients were classified into D-IBS: 79 (52%), C-IBS: 52 (35%) and A-IBS: 19 (13%). SLC6A4 polymorphism differed in IBS and controls [genotypes s/s, 89 (59%), l/s, 44 (29%), and l/l, 17 (12%) vs. s/s, 92 (37%), l/s, 114 (45%), and l/l, 46 (18%), p<0.001]. SLC6A4 s/s genotype was commoner in D-IBS than C-IBS, A-IBS and controls (p<0.001). 5-HT level was higher in D-IBS than A-IBS and C-IBS (154.7±37.1 vs. 112.4±24.6 vs. 104.3±23.7-pmol/mL, p<0.001) and in s/s than l/s and l/l genotypes (151.1±37.3 vs. 105.0±20.9 vs. 100.9±28.0-pmol/mL, p<0.001). IBS with s/s genotype more often had abdominal pain than l/s and l/l [78/89 (87.6%) vs. 19/44 (43%) vs. 5/17 (29%), p<0.001]. 5-HT level was higher among IBS patients with abdominal pain and diarrhea than without (142.9±39.4 vs. 108.4±28.9-pmol/mL, p<0.001) and (140.2±41.3-pmol/mL vs. 121.3±35.0-pmol/mL, p=0.003). CONCLUSION The frequency of SLC6A4-polymorphism and higher levels of 5-HT were significantly associated with IBS, particularly in patients with diarrhea and abdominal pain, suggesting that SLC6A4 is a potential candidate gene involved in the pathogenesis of IBS.
Frontal Theta Activity Supports Detecting Mismatched Information in Visual Working Memory

During the comparison stage of visual working memory (VWM) processing, detecting the mismatch between the external sensory input and internal representations is a crucial cognitive ability for human, but the neural mechanism behind it remains largely unclear. The present study investigated the role of frontal theta power in detecting the mismatched information in VWM in a delayed matching task. A control task required to compare two simultaneously presented visual figures was also designed as a contrast to exclude the possibility that frontal theta activity just reflecting the non-memory-related behavioral conflicts. To better characterize the control mechanisms shaped by the frontal theta oscillation in human VWM, colored shapes were adopted as materials while both the task-relevant shape feature and task-irrelevant color feature could be mismatched. We found that the response times of participants were significantly delayed under the relevant- and irrelevant-mismatch conditions in both tasks and the conjunction-mismatch condition in delayed matching task. While our EEG data showed that increased frontal theta power was only observed under the relevant- and conjunction-mismatch conditions in the delayed matching task, but not the control task. These findings suggest that the frontal distributed theta activity observed here reflects the detection of mismatched information during the comparison stage of VWM, rather than the response-related conflicts. Furthermore, it is consistent with the proposal that theta-band oscillation can act as a control mechanism in working memory function so that the target-mismatched information in VWM could be successfully tracked. We also propose a possible processing structure to explain the neural dynamics underlying the mismatch detection process in VWM.
Organization and expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of K99 fimbriae

Escherichia coli K-12 minicells were used to study the expression of plasmid pFK99 encoding for the production of K99 fimbriae. Plasmid pFK99 is composed of a 6.7-kilobase pair DNA fragment derived from the wild-type K99 plasmid and the vector pBR322. The cloned K99 DNA expressed seven polypeptides with apparent masses of 18.2, 19.0, 21.0, 21.5, 26.5, 33.5, and 76.0 kilodaltons (kd). The 18.2-kd polypeptide was identified as the K99 fimbrial subunit by reaction with specific anti-K99 antibodies. The fimbrial subunit and the 19.0-, 26.5-, 33.5-, and 76.0-kd polypeptides appeared to be synthesized in a precursor form which was ca. 2 kd larger than the mature polypeptide. The location of the structural genes encoding the seven polypeptides on the physical map of pFK99 was established by analyzing a set of deletion derivatives of pFK99. The gene encoding the fimbrial subunit was located at the promoter proximal end of the K99 operon. Only mutants with a deletion in the gene encoding the 33.5- or the 19.0-kd polypeptide or both showed a weak expression of the K99 antigen and a comparably weak agglutination of horse or sheep erythrocytes. None of the deletion mutants was able to adhere to calf intestinal epithelial cells.
The Use of Tricortical Autograft Versus Allograft in Lateral Column Lengthening for Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity: An Analysis of Union Rates and Complications

Background: The management of adult acquired flatfoot is an evolving practice with the optimal lateral column lengthening procedure still left to considerable debate. The usual choices include lengthening with the use of autograft or allograft through a calcaneocuboid lengthening arthrodesis or Evans’ calcaneal lengthening osteotomy. To our knowledge there is only one other study comparing autograft to allograft in adult lateral column lengthening procedures. 9 The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences with regard to union rates and complications when comparing the use of iliac tricortical autograft versus iliac tricortical allograft supplemented with platelet rich plasma (PRP) in adult acquired flatfoot lateral column lengthening procedures. Materials and Methods: The charts and radiographs of 49 patients (51 feet) were evaluated. Twenty total procedures were performed using iliac tricortical autograft and 31 procedures were performed using iliac tricortical allograft with PRP. Results: Successful union was achieved in 14 of 20 (70%) autograft procedures and 29 of 31 (94%) allograft procedures. Thirteen of 20 (65%) of the autograft group and 11 of 31 (35%) of the allograft group had a documented complication other than nonunion. Average length of hospital stay for patients who had procedures using autograft was 3.6 days and those who had allograft was 2.5 days. The average charge for those receiving allograft with PRP, including hospital stay, was roughly $2,500 more than those receiving an autograft procedure. Conclusion: Although the numbers were small, we believe that equivalent if not better healing and complication rates are possible with the use of allograft with PRP versus autograft for lateral column lengthening procedures while allowing for similar correction of deformity. Level of Evidence: III, Case Control Study
Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Blood Coagulation. A Review

A review of the data from studies of oral contraceptives on coagulation and the fibrinolytic enzyme systems reveal an increase of a variety of coagulation factors. This is dose dependent and related to estrogens and appreciable above a dose of 0.5 micrograms of ethynylestradiol. Smaller amounts are less effective or not at all active. The mechanism of this increase is unknown. The pathophysiological significance is not yet clear. There is no available data that associate the increase of coagulation factors with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Conclusive evidence that low dose progesterone has any effect on the coagulation system is lacking.
Current issues and new directions in Psychology and Health. The role of the critic in health psychology: The Healthy Scepticism Project

My colleagues and I have been involved in a Healthy Scepticism Project in which we model for anyone interested how to assume the role of the critic in scrutinising claims occurring in the health psychology literature, claims that often get further hyped in the popular press. Health psychology, in sharp contrast to biomedicine, is markedly lacking in published post-publication criticism of what appears in its journals, although prominent medical editors believe that such criticism is vital to the integrity and credibility of their field (Horton, 2002). Compared to their frequent appearance in the medical journals, letters to the editor criticising published studies are much more uncommon in health psychology journals. Could it be that peer review is that much better developed in health psychology, so that pre-publication peer review eliminates the need for post-publication criticism? We doubt that is the case and document this with troubling examples from the health psychology literature. We do not assume that the authors we criticise are incompetent or deliberately misleading the field. Rather, we assume that some well-entrenched myths about the powers of mind over body are self-perpetuating. These myths are intimidating and compel agreement, particularly when there is the precedent of their having been restated repetitively, especially in the discussion sections of articles in which the data that are reported contradict the myths. These myths often have strong support from the larger culture, so that they walk away unscathed from any High Noon showdown with disconfirming data. As my Italian grandmother frequently said: ‘Se non è vero, è bene trovat’, which she loosely translated as ‘If it is not true, it ought to be’. But we do not think the field benefits from perpetuating noble lies and fairy tales about mind–body relations or the power of psychological interventions. Indeed, the field loses even more credibility when errors inevitably get found out. Recall that it was the excess of proponents of psychological factors in medicine, not the activities of critics from within the field that drove the psychosomatic medicine of the 1940s and 1950s into discredit and near oblivion (Holroyd & Coyne, 1987). My colleagues and I believe we are doing the field a service in breaking the spell of these myths, even if we cannot consistently expect expressions of gratitude. In the Society of Behavioral Medicine-sponsored Great Debate on the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for cancer patients (Coyne, Lepore, & Palmer, 2006), we showed that there was a consistent best-foot-forward, confirmatory bias in reporting of the results of clinical trials. Benefits of interventions were exaggerated, and the myth was being perpetuated that cancer patients who are not distressed could nonetheless obtain a reduction in distress as a result of an intervention.
Accept me for myself: African American women's issues after breast cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To identify the personal issues and concerns of African American women who are breast cancer survivors. DESIGN Exploratory. SETTING Southeastern United States; urban community. SAMPLE A total of 24 women were recruited from churches and the community; 16 women participated in focus groups. METHODS Two focus group sessions were held in a community library. Audiotaped interviews were transcribed and analyzed for themes that described issues the women had to deal with after treatment for breast cancer. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLE Women's perceptions of the impact breast cancer had placed on their personal lives, including sexuality. FINDINGS Five themes emerged-body appearance, social support, health activism, menopause, and learning to live with a chronic illness. CONCLUSIONS African American women have concerns that are similar to, but different from, those of Caucasian women. Further research is needed to identify culturally appropriate care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Assess the effects of treatment on women's personal lives. Know where women can purchase prostheses that match their skin tones. Refer minority women to support groups specifically designed for them.
Disturbed gastrointestinal motility and decreased interstitial cells of Cajal in diabetic db/db mice

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes gastrointestinal dysmotility. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), which express c‐kit receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT), are considered the pacemaker cells for gastrointestinal movement. The present study was designed to determine the role of ICC in the pathogenesis of gastroenteropathy in type 2 DM.
Jamming in frictionless packings of spheres: determination of the critical volume fraction

The jamming transition in granular packings is characterized by a sudden change in the coordination number. In this work we investigate the evolution of coordination number as function of volume fraction for frictionless packings of spheres undergoing isotropic deformation. Using the results obtained from Discrete Element Method simulations, we confirm that the coordination number depends on volume fraction by a power law with exponent α≈0.5 above the critical volume fraction and up to rather high densities. We find that the system size and loading rate do not have an important effect on the evolution of the coordination number. Polydispersity of the packing seems to cause a shift in the critical volume fraction, i.e., more heterogeneous packings jam at higher volume fractions. Finally, we propose and evaluate alternative methods to determine the critical volume fraction based on the number of rattlers, the pressure and the ratio of kinetic and potential energies. The results are all consistent with the critical volume fractions obtained from the fits of the power law to the simulation data.
The Effects Of Disaster On Workers: A Study Of Burnout In Investigators Of Serious Accidents And Fatalities In The U.S. Mining Industry

The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was administered and scored for 154 Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), U.S. Department of Labor, employees who serve as accident investigators for serious accidents and fatalities as part of their job duties. The subjects responded anonymously during a workshop on stress. The subjects consisted of randomly selected individuals, representative of locations across the country and representative of all mining commodities: coal, metal, nonmetal, stone, and sand and gravel. The Maslach Burnout Inventory assesses three aspects of experienced burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishments. The average results of the scores for each of the three subscales fell in the moderate range for the study group of MSHA accident investigators. The scores within the moderate range show that the subject population was at the lower end of the range for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, tending toward a lower burnout risk, while the group evidenced a lower sense of personal accomplishment in their jobs, indicating a higher risk for burnout. It is concluded that overall this group is at moderate risk for burnout, and the authors recommend follow-up with this population.
Intranasal mupirocin to prevent postoperative Staphylococcus aureus infections.

BACKGROUND Patients with nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus have an increased risk of surgical-site infections caused by that organism. Treatment with mupirocin ointment can reduce the rate of nasal carriage and may prevent postoperative S. aureus infections. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine whether intranasal treatment with mupirocin reduces the rate of S. aureus infections at surgical sites and prevents other nosocomial infections. RESULTS Of 4030 enrolled patients who underwent general, gynecologic, neurologic, or cardiothoracic surgery, 3864 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Overall, 2.3 percent of mupirocin recipients and 2.4 percent of placebo recipients had S. aureus infections at surgical sites. Of the 891 patients (23.1 percent of the 3864 who completed the study) who had S. aureus in their anterior nares, 444 received mupirocin and 447 received placebo. Among the patients with nasal carriage of S. aureus, 4.0 percent of those who received mupirocin had nosocomial S. aureus infections, as compared with 7.7 percent of those who received placebo (odds ratio for infection, 0.49; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.25 to 0.92; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic intranasal application of mupirocin did not significantly reduce the rate of S. aureus surgical-site infections overall, but it did significantly decrease the rate of all nosocomial S. aureus infections among the patients who were S. aureus carriers.