Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Retransmission of Rumor and Rumor Correction Messages on Twitter

This article seeks to examine the relationships among source credibility, message plausibility, message type (rumor or rumor correction) and retransmission of tweets in a rumoring situation. From a total of 5,885 tweets related to the rumored death of the founding father of Singapore Lee Kuan Yew, 357 original tweets without an “RT” prefix were selected and analyzed using negative binomial regression analysis. The results show that source credibility and message plausibility are correlated with retransmission. Also, rumor correction tweets are retweeted more than rumor tweets. Moreover, message type moderates the relationship between source credibility and retransmission as well as that between message plausibility and retransmission. By highlighting some implications for theory and practice, this article concludes with some limitations and suggestions for further research.
Evolutionary, not revolutionary – logics of early design energy modelling adoption in UK architecture practice

ABSTRACT This paper examines the effects of early stage design energy modelling technology on architects’ design practice. Energy analysis in design has traditionally been the domain of the building services engineer with emphasis placed on verifying established building simulation models at late stages in design. Recently, however, with advances in digital design media, leading architectural firms are acquiring in-house design simulation for energy modelling. The effects of broadening the use of energy modelling technology on architecture design practice or the design process are, however, poorly understood. Industry and academic attention has been gathering on the topic of building performance simulation with most of the focus placed on standardizing the wide array of tools and narrowing the broad spectrum of analysis parameters. Few discussions examine approaches to energy analysis across the diverse design settings and the principles, assumptions and identities designers negotiate. The analysis draws on institutional theory utilizing semi-structured interviews and focus group sessions with 26 participants across 4 large international architecture firms. Preliminary findings indicate differing organizational, team and project approaches with an emphasis placed on legitimating established design assumptions across the firms. The implications of the findings are twofold. First, the analysis provides an initial overview of how early stage design energy modelling is considered in design in architecture practice in the UK. Second, the paper provides an understanding of how architects negotiate meaning on energy in design. There are also implications for energy policy development in the context of the built environment particularly concerning building performance.
Free-cooling potential in shopping mall buildings with plants equipped by dry-coolers boosted with evaporative pads

Shopping malls are often characterized by high internal thermal loads due to occupancy, lighting, electrical devices, and solar radiation entering through the large skylights. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the energy saving reachable adding a cooling evaporative pad upstream a dry cooler. In particular, two different cooling plant configurations has been investigated: a cooling plant with a chiller equipped with a dry cooler (C-DC), that can be used as condenser of refrigeration system or to work with free-cooling mode and the previous system equipped with an evaporative cooling pad upstream the dry cooler (C-E-DC) in order to enlarge the range of temperatures suitable for free cooling. A building model of a typical shopping mall and two cooling plant has been modeled by means of TRNSYS simulations carried out in several European cities. Simulation results show that the C-E-DC configuration allows a greater energy saving amount than C-DC configuration for all the cities considered. It can be noted that the locations with a hot or moderate climate have a higher reduction in chiller electrical consumptions. Further investigations will be carried out taking in to account more extensively the moisture content of the air for the different locations considered.
Chapter 2 Potential for CFC in Black Widows ( Genus Latrodectus ) : Mechanisms and Social Context

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 A.V. Peretti and A. Aisenberg (eds.), Cryptic Female Choice in Arthropods, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-17894-3_2 Abstract Understanding the causes of variation in paternity is an important goal of research in sexual selection. While much progress has been made in understanding the dynamics of pre-copulatory mate choice and competition, post-copulatory processes that affect paternity are much less well understood. Distinguishing cryptic female choice (CFC, biases in paternity due to female postcopulatory preferences) from sperm competition (SC, competition among ejaculates for fertilization) and particularly from sexual antagonistic coevolution (SAC, intersexual conflict over mating frequency or fertilization) is at best challenging, and at worst, may be impossible. One way forward is to identify taxa in which comparative approaches, field studies, and detailed mechanistic study are all tractable, as these may allow the design of critical tests of distinguishing predictions of these intertwined hypotheses at different levels of analysis. Here, we focus on the widow spiders, the approximately 30 species in the genus Latrodectus, as a promising group for future work on CFC. Latrodectus spiders are distributed worldwide and show a fascinating range of mating systems set in variable ecological and social contexts. We outline how some of the aspects of Latrodectus natural history and biology may favor CFC rather than (or in addition to) pre-copulatory choice. Moreover, interand intraspecific variation in the benefits of CFC may provide the opportunity for comparative and intraspecific studies. We then identify likely mechanisms of CFC in this genus and end by providing suggestive evidence for CFC in a few of the species that have been studied in detail. Although there is no evidence for sperm selection in the Latrodectus to date, female behavior can lead to biases in paternity via changes in copulation frequency, duration, and remating as a function of male courtship effort. In addition, although firstmale sperm precedence mediated by the deposit of sperm plugs is common in this genus, females may be able to manipulate the success of this internal plug and
A New Northcott Property for Faltings Height

In this work we prove a new Northcott property for the Faltings height. Namely we show, assuming the Colmez Conjecture and the Artin Conjecture, that there are finitely many CM abelian varieties over the complex numbers of a fixed dimension which have bounded Faltings height. The technique developed uses new tools from integral p-adic Hodge theory to study the variation of Faltings height within an isogeny class of CM abelian varieties. In special cases, we are moreover able to use the technique to develop new Colmez-type formulas for the Faltings height.
Waste management practices in the small-scale construction industry

The environmental impacts of the construction industry can be reduced through sustainable waste management (SWM). A substantial proportion of the responsibility for improving waste management practices in the construction industry falls on small-scale construction (SSC) firms operating on projects valued under £300,000. Through on-site waste audits and a postal questionnaire survey of SSC firms, we investigated key factors that affect waste generation on SSC sites. The study found a deep-rooted wasteful culture within the SSC industry. Soil and stones, wood and plastic were the major components of the waste stream. It is perceived that a considerable proportion of waste generated is unavoidable because of current working practices. SWM activities were undertaken infrequently by the majority of respondents, with the main reason being a commonly-held perception that SWM is not cost-effective. Considerable scope exists for improving waste management practices on SSC sites, with the most promising measures identified as being the introduction of stock control measures and the use of skips for segregation of specific materials.
Application of a mental models approach to MSDS design

In the U.S.A. , Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) are required by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Mental model theories of cognitive processing predict that information format inconsistencies can undermine usability and thereby worker safety and compliance. The present study explored whether information presentation priorities are dependent upon the population tested. Ninety participants were sampled from three populations (undergraduates, community volunteers, and firefighters). Participants sorted cards containing chunks of information comprised of MSDS headings and text. Mean rank analyses showed that health-related information was given higher priority than other information, such as reactivity or chemical make-up. While there were similarities for the different subgroups, the firefighters differed from the other two groups in several respects. Results were consistent with previous research on schema differences between groups based upon experience and expectations. Implications for MSDS design and application of usability and mental model approaches to improve safety communications are discussed.
Childbearing and Work-Family Balance among Contemporary Russian Women

There are contrasting views on how gender equality affects fertility in contemporary European societies. This article discusses the Russian situation by asking how tensions in the contemporary gender system relate to reproductive decision-making and identity. How do gendered practices and identities influence womens intentions to have children? In depth interview data gathered during the last decade is used to analyze how the two main gender contracts of the professional women and the working mother relate to family planning, child birth, pregnancies, and mothering. Results indicate that while Russian women experience increasing pressure of the double burden and few signs of increasing gender equality in domestic life, the stable identity of Russian mothering contributes to the birth of at least one child. Childbearing does not depend directly on gender roles and division of labor in households. The decision to have a child and care for small children continues to be womens responsibility even as fertility patterns have modernized and gender equality in couple relations is slightly increasing. However, the type of gender contract influences the process of negotiation concerning reproductive matters and the timing of childbirth.
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity and total phenolic content of three Pinus species

This study compared the antimicrobial activity and total phenolic content of three Pinus plants (Pinus densiflora, P. thunbergii, P. rigida) for the first time. The antimicrobial activity of the water fraction of methanol extract of fresh leaves was stronger than that of fallen leaves at any concentrations. The water fraction of crude methanol extract from fresh leaves of P. thunbergii showed a higher growth inhibitory activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria than that of P. densiflora and P. rigida. The results from the disc diffusion method followed by measurements of minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) indicate that Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive microorganism with the lowest MIC value. The highest total phenolic content was found in fresh leaves of P. rigida and P. thunbergii. The assay showed that the fresh leaves of the three Pinus plants contained higher total phenolic content than fallen leaves of the three plants. The antimicrobial activity was related with the total phenolic content.
THE EFFECTS OF SMARTPHONE USE ON SLEEP QUALITY AND CHRONO CHRONOTYPE The effects of Smartphone use on Sleep quality and Chronotype Final year project

Smartphone use is ubiquitous in modern day society however, its prevalence is a factor in increased light-at-night exposure. This light exposure before sleep has negative implications for sleep such as increasing alertness, delaying the onset of sleep and reducing sleep-promoting hormones. This study aimed to address the inconsistently in the literature by using a Smartphone application to track phone use, and using a student population as they are largely effected by both new emerging technology and poor sleep quality. This study examined whether smartphone use was associated with poor sleep quality using a direct measure of phone use Secondly it set out to examine whether an individual’s Chronotype was associated smartphone. To examine this, 29 students downloaded the smartphone application “Quality time” which provided an objective measure of smartphone use and competed questionnaires on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and Chronotype (Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire). Results found that neither Chronotype nor overall sleep quality impacted on levels of smartphone usage. However, higher smartphone usage was correlated with higher daytime dysfunction. In conclusion, the current study indicates that smartphone does not have a negative effect on overall self-reported sleep quality but does impact on daytime dysfunction. Future research could use even more objective measures to collect sleep information to measure each variable to the highest levels of reliability. 8 THE EFFECTS OF SMARTPHONE USE ON SLEEP QUALITY AND CHRONOTYPE
On the relative absorption strengths of water vapour in the blue wavelength range

Abstract. In recent updates of the HITRAN water vapour H2O spectroscopic compilation covering the blue spectral region (here: 394–480 nm) significant changes for the absorption bands at 416 and 426 nm were reported. In order to investigate the consistency of the different cross-sections calculated from these compilations, H2O vapour column density ratios for different spectral intervals were retrieved from long-path and multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) measurements. We observed a significant improvement of the DOAS evaluation when using the updated HITRAN water vapour absorption cross-sections for the calculation of the reference spectra. In particular the magnitudes of the residual spectra as well as the fit errors were reduced. However, we also found that the best match between measurement and model is reached when the absorption cross-section of groups of lines are scaled by factors ranging from 0.5 to 1.9, suggesting that the HITRAN water vapour absorption compilation still needs significant corrections. For this spectral region we present correction factors for HITRAN 2009, HITRAN 2012, HITEMP and BT2 derived from field measurements. Additionally, upper limits for water vapour absorption in the UV-A range from 330 to 390 nm are given.
Geographical patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation in Apis mellifera iberiensis (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

An extensive survey of mitochondrial haplotypes in honeybee colonies from the Iberian Peninsula has corroborated previous hypotheses about the existence of a joint clinal variation of African (A) and west European (M) evolutionary lineages. It has been found that the Iberian Peninsula is the European region with the highest haplotype diversity (12 haplotypes detected of the M lineage and 10 of the A lineage). The frequency of A haplotypes decreases in a SW-NE trend, while that of M haplotypes increases. These results are discussed in relation to hypotheses about the African origin of Apis mellifera and an early colonization of west Europe during intermediate Pleistocene glaciation events, followed by a regional differentiation. The extant pattern of haplotype frequency and distribution seems to be influenced at a regional scale by adaptation to local climatic conditions and the mobile beekeeping that has become a large-scale practice during the last decades. Other previous anthropogenic influences (Greek, Roman and Arab colonizations) are thought to be of minor importance in present day populations. Resumen Un extenso estudio de los haplotipos mitocondriales en colonias de la abeja domestica de la Peninsula Iberica ha corroborado las hipotesis previas acerca de la existencia de una variacion clinal conjunta de los linajes evolutivos africano (A) y europeo occidental (M). Se ha encontrado que la Peninsula Iberica es la region europea con la mayor diversidad (12 haplotipos detectados pertenecientes al linaje M y 10 al linaje A). La frecuencia de los haplotipos africanos disminuye en la orientacion SW-NE, al tiempo que aumenta proporcionalmente la de los M. Estos resultados se analizan en relacion a las hipotesis recientes que ubican el origen de Apis mellifera en Africa, junto con otras que postulan una colonizacion temprana de esta especie en Europa occidental, seguida de una diferenciacion durante el Pleistoceno. El patron geografico actual de haplotipos y frecuencias a escala regional, parece estar influido por la adaptacion a las condiciones climaticas locales y la trashumancia, practica que ha adquirido grandes proporciones en las ultimas decadas. Otras influencias antropicas acontecidas como las colonizaciones de griegos, romanos y arabes han tenido posiblemente poca influencia sobre las poblaciones ibericas actuales.
Not All Exchange Rate Movements Are Alike : Exchange Rate Persistence and Pass-Through to Consumer Prices

This study develops a framework to identify persistent and transitory shocks in exchange-rate movements and to estimate the shock-specific exchange-rate pass-through to domestic prices. The framework combines a dataset of a long time series of exchange-rate forecasts since the 1980s with a range restriction that is a natural generalization of the standard sign restriction. The empirical results show that exchange rate pass-through is higher when a persistent shock dominates exchange-rate movements. The composition of persistent and transitory shocks varies over time. This study asserts that time variations of exchange rate pass-through are at least partly attributable to differences in shock-specific pass-through rates and variations in the composition of shocks over time. Applying our identification procedure to disaggregated prices of the CPI, we also find that a correlation between pass-through coefficients and frequencies of price adjustments is shock dependent. Specifically, the positive correlation, which is reported in Gopinath and Itskhoki [2010], disappears, when exchange-rate movements are transitory.
21. PETROLOGY, ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY, AND ORIGIN OF DOLOMITE AND LIMESTONE ASSOCIATED WITH BASALTIC BRECCIA, HOLE 373A, TYRRHENIAN BASIN Daniel Bernoulli, Geologisch-palàontologisches Institut der Universitát Basel, Switzerland

Basaltic breccias cored at Hole 373A contain four generations of internally resedimented interclast limestone and four generations of void-filling calcite cement. Two of the limestone generations are pelagic carbonate oozes that infiltrated from the sea floor into voids. The other two generations of limestone apparently originated as diagenetic sediment which was precipitated and deposited within breccia interstices. Superimposed upon this complex pattern of resedimentation and cementation were repeated episodes of brecciation and fracturing. Oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions indicate that cementation of the breccias and lithification of the carbonate sediments occurred at low temperatures characteristic of deep bottom waters. Much if not all of this sea-floor carbonate diagenesis may be related to low temperature, submarine alteration of basalt. Ferruginous dolomites which lie stratigraphically above the basalts likewise formed at low temperatures, probably also as a consequence of basaltic alteration in the submarine environment.
Popper's Experiment: A Modern Perspective

Karl Popper had proposed an experiment to test the standard interpretation of quantum mechanics. The proposal survived for many year in the midst of no clear consensus on what results it would yield. The experiment was realized by Kim and Shih in 1999, and the apparently surprising result led to lot of debate. We review Popper's proposal and its realization in the light of current era when entanglement has been well studied, both theoretically and experimentally. We show that the "ghost-diffraction" experiment, carried out in a different context, conclusively resolves the controversy surrounding Popper's experiment. Quanta 2012; 1: 19–32.
Convolution semigroups on hypergroups.

The purpose of this paper is to establish a unified treatment of many disparate theorems of Levy-Hinέin type. The appropriate framework to do this is the theory of commutative hypergroups. In this way we not only generalize the results mentioned above but also settle some asymmetries indicated above. Roughly speaking a hypergroup K is a space in which the product of two elements is a probability measure on this space satisfying certain conditions. If K is commutative and if the space K of characters is a hypergroup under pointwise operations a Levy-Hincin formula for convolution semigroups is obtained. Before setting up some notation we show how the examples fit in.
Endoscopic management of critical neoplastic central airway obstruction

Background: To evaluate morbidity, mortality, and survival of interventional bronchoscopy for management of critical neoplastic central airway obstruction. Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study included all consecutive patients with neoplastic central airway obstruction undergoing interventional bronchoscopy. Characteristics of obstruction, endoscopic strategy, adjuvant treatments, morbidity, mortality, and survival were recorded and then statistically analysed. Results: Our study population counted 37 patients (mean age 67±15 years old). The trachea was involved in 6 (16%), the carina in 5 (14%), and the main bronchus in 26 (70%) patients. Restore of airway patency was obtained in 33 (89%) patients. A stent was inserted in 21 (57%) patients. Adjuvant therapy was carried out in 13/37 (35%) patients. The median overall survival was 17 months. The re-opening of airway (P Conclusions: Interventional bronchoscopy is a life-saving procedure in non-surgical patients with central airway obstruction. Recanalization of airway and the administration of adjuvant therapy remain the only significant survival prognostic factors.