Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HAT-P-11: Discovery of a Second Planet and a Clue to Understanding Exoplanet Obliquities

HAT-P-11 is a mid-K dwarf that hosts one of the first Neptune-sized planets found outside the solar system. The orbit of HAT-P-11b is misaligned with the star’s spin—one of the few known cases of a misaligned planet orbiting a star less massive than the Sun. We find an additional planet in the system based on a decade of precision radial velocity (RV) measurements from Keck/High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer. HAT-P-11c is similar to Jupiter in its mass ( MJ) and orbital period ( year), but has a much more eccentric orbit (e = 0.60 ± 0.03). In our joint modeling of RV and stellar activity, we found an activity-induced RV signal of ∼7 , consistent with other active K dwarfs, but significantly smaller than the 31 reflex motion due to HAT-P-11c. We investigated the dynamical coupling between HAT-P-11b and c as a possible explanation for HAT-P-11b’s misaligned orbit, finding that planet–planet Kozai interactions cannot tilt planet b’s orbit due to general relativistic precession; however, nodal precession operating on million year timescales is a viable mechanism to explain HAT-P-11b’s high obliquity. This leaves open the question of why HAT-P-11c may have such a tilted orbit. At a distance of 38 pc, the HAT-P-11 system offers rich opportunities for further exoplanet characterization through astrometry and direct imaging.
Interconnection Technology Based on InSn Solder for Flexible Display Applications

A novel interconnection technology based on a 52InSn solder was developed for flexible display applications. The display industry is currently trying to develop a flexible display, and one of the crucial technologies for the implementation of a flexible display is to reduce the bonding process temperature to less than 150°C. InSn solder interconnection technology is proposed herein to reduce the electrical contact resistance and concurrently achieve a process temperature of less than 150°C. A solder bump maker (SBM) and fluxing underfill were developed for these purposes. SBM is a novel bumping material, and it is a mixture of a resin system and InSn solder powder. A maskless screen printing process was also developed using an SBM to reduce the cost of the bumping process. Fluxing underfill plays the role of a flux and an underfill concurrently to simplify the bonding process compared to a conventional flip‐chip bonding using a capillary underfill material. Using an SBM and fluxing underfill, a 20 μm pitch InSn solder SoP array on a glass substrate was successfully formed using a maskless screen printing process, and two glass substrates were bonded at 130°C.
Phytoextraction of Nickel by Selected Ornamental Plants

Phytoextraction of Nickel by Selected Ornamental Plants In the pot experiment the effect of increasing doses of Ni (the control, 25, 50, 75, 150, 300 mg · dm-3 substrate) on the content of this metal in individual organs of aboveground parts was investigated in three selected species of ornamental plants: Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and love-lies-bleeding (Amaranthus caudatus L.). A significant effect of increasing Ni doses on the content of this metal was found in individual organs of selected species. In Tagetes erecta L. and Amaranthus caudatus L. the highest amounts of nickel were accumulated in leaves, while in sunflower growing in the substrate, to which nickel was introduced at 25, 50, 75 and 150 mg·dm-3, the highest amounts of this metal were accumulated in inflorescences. Among the analyzed species of ornamental plants growing in the substrate with no addition of this metal and in the substrate with an addition of 25 and 50 mg Ni · dm-3 the highest nickel uptake was observed in Tagetes erecta L. plants. For the substrate with an addition of 75, 150 and 300 mg Ni · dm-3 the biggest nickel accumulation was recorded in Amaranthus caudatus L. Fitoekstrakcja niklu przez wybrane gatunki roślin ozdobnych W doświadczeniu wazonowym badano wpływ rosnących dawek Ni (kontrola, 25, 50, 75, 150, 300 mg · dm-3 podłoża) na zawartość tego metalu w poszczególnych organach części nadziemnych trzech wybranych gatunków roślin ozdobnych: aksamitka wyniosła (Tagetes erecta L.), słonecznik ogrodowy (Helianthus annus L.), szarłat zwisły (Amaranthus caudatus L.). Stwierdzono istotny wpływ rosnących dawek Ni na zawartości tego metalu w poszczególnych organach wybranych gatunków. Tagetes erecta L. i Amaranthus caudatus L. najwięcej niklu akumulowały w liściach, natomiast słonecznik ogrodowy rosnący w podłożu, do którego wprowadzono nikiel w ilości 25, 50, 75 i 150 mg·dm-3, najwięcej tego metalu akumulował w kwiatostanach. Spośród badanych gatunków roślin ozdobnych rosnących w podłożu bez dodatku metalu oraz w podłożu z dodatkiem 25 i 50 mg Ni · dm-3 największym pobraniem niklu charakteryzowały się rośliny Tagetes erecta L. W podłożu z dodatkiem 75, 150 i 300 mg Ni · dm-3 największe pobranie niklu stwierdzono u Amaranthus caudatus L.
Ozone production efficiency in an urban area

Ozone production efficiency can be defined as the number of molecules of oxidant (O 3 + NO 2 ) produced photochemically when a molecule of NO X (NO + NO 2 ) is oxidized. It conveys information about the conditions under which O 3 is formed and is an important parameter to consider when evaluating impacts from NO x emission sources. We present calculational and observational results on ozone production efficiency based on measurements made from aircraft flights in the Phoenix metropolitan area in May and June of 1998. Constrained steady state box model calculations are used to relate a ratio of O 3 production rate to NO x consumption rate (i.e., P(0 3 )/P(NO z )) to a VOC to NO 2 ratio of OH reactivity. Lagrangian calculations show how this ratio generally increases with time due to oxidation chemistry and plume dilution. City to city differences in ozone production efficiency can be attributed to corresponding differences in VOC to NO 2 reactivity ratio which in turn reflect emission patterns. Ozone production efficiencies derived from aircraft measurements in 20 plumes show a dependence on NO x concentration similar to that calculated for P(0 3 )/P(NO z ). Calculations are based on data from a single location but are believed to be applicable to a wide range of plumes from different areas.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ΒETA AND STOCK RETURNS IN THE JSE SECURITIES EXCHANGE IN SOUTH AFRICA

The purpose of this study was is to examine the relationship between stock βeta and returns in the JSE Securities Exchange. If the model is applicable in its entirety or can explain the beta-stock returns relationship, it raises an important academic question, mainly, how should the South African financial market be viewed by investors and portfolio managers, given the political-social-economical classifications that South Africa finds itself in, sometimes referred to as developing, emerging or underdeveloped? The time-series data used was from Sharenet as well as from the South African Reserve Bank macro-economic time series data. The sample period consisted of 10 years of monthly time series data between January 2001 and December 2010. Regression analysis was applied using the conditional approach. When using the conditional capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and crosssectional regression analysis, the findings strongly supported the significant relationship between stock excess returns and βeta. However, the results do not provide strong evidence of a CAPM relation between risks and realized return trade-off in the South African financial markets. These results demonstrate that the South African financial markets are complex and financial tools, such as the CAPM can be used to explain complex financial phenomenon as in other developed markets, although complete reliance on the CAPM should be relied upon.
THE HISTORY OF TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENTS IN GALACTIC NUCLEI

The tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole (MBH) is thought to produce a transient luminous event. Such tidal disruption events (TDEs) may play an important role in the detection and characterization of MBHs, and in probing the properties and dynamics of their nuclear stellar cluster (NSC) hosts. Previous studies estimated the recent rates of TDEs in the local universe. However, the long-term evolution of the rates throughout the history of the universe has been little explored. Here we consider TDE history, using evolutionary models for the evolution of galactic nuclei. We use a 1D Fokker–Planck approach to explore the evolution of MBH-hosting NSCs, and obtain the disruption rates of stars during their evolution. We complement these with an analysis of TDE history based on N-body simulation data, and find them to be comparable. We consider NSCs that are built up from close-in star formation (SF) or from far-out SF/cluster-dispersal, a few pc from the MBH. We also explore cases where primordial NSCs exist and later evolve through additional SF/cluster-dispersal processes. We study the dependence of the TDE history on the type of galaxy, as well as the dependence on the MBH mass. These provide several scenarios, with a continuous increase of the TDE rates over time for cases of far-out SF and a more complex behavior for the close-in SF cases. Finally, we integrate the TDE histories of the various scenarios to provide a total TDE history of the universe, which can be potentially probed with future large surveys (e.g., LSST).
Impact of Unconscious Emotional Schemata on Verbal Fluency – Sex Differences and Neural Mechanisms

Many factors such as intelligence, age, education, and sex may have an important influence on verbal fluency according to literature. The aim of this study is to examine the possible impact of the emotional schemata associated with sex differences on verbal fluency performances. Four tasks of verbal fluency were used in this study: two tasks of semantic verbal fluency (Animals, Vehicles) and two tasks of affective verbal fluency (Pleasant-Joy, Unpleasant-Fear). The results were analysed for 302 adults aged 18 to 70 years old. The number of correctly enumerated words, the number of phonemic clusters, the number of semantic clusters, and the number of phonemic and semantic switches were recorded. The results confirmed data that sex explains a little variance of results in verbal fluency performance; sex is not a predictor of semantic verbal fluency, but a significant predictor for emotional verbal fluency. Significant differences in verbal fluency between men and women were found only in emotional tasks. The hypothesis about the unconscious emotional schemata and linguistic fluency associated with sex differences was formulated. NeuroQuantology | September 2013 | Volume 11 | Issue 3 | Page 443-450
The Level of Ischemic Modified Albumin (IMA) as Risk Marker for Cardio Vascular D isease (CVD) among some diabetic patients (type II) in Khartoum state -Sudan

Ba c k gr o u nd. Recent literature reports show large interest in ischemic modified albumin (IMA) biochemical marker for detection of myocardial injury. Special attention is focused in estimation of IMA test for the diagnosis and evaluation of myocardial ischemia as well as others acute coronary syndrome in emergency patients. O b jec t i ve : evaluation of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in well controlled and uncontrolled patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and estimation of its connection with cardiovascular disease.Measurement thelevelof IMA asrisk marker forcardio vascular disease (CVD) in diabetic patients that arrivedtoemergency department with signs and symptoms of CVD. M e t ho d olo g y . 140 subjects enrolled in thisstudy ,70 diabetes mellitus patients with signs and symptoms of CVD, and other 70 apparently non diabetic healthy subjects' as controls, , the levels of biomarker IMA was measured as the risk marker ofCVDin controlled and uncontrolleddiabeticpatients with type2,the Diagnostic potential was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis and their relationships were analyzed. This study was donein Shab Hospital, Khartoum.Period from 1st of February 2015 to October 2015. R e s ul ts : The results showed that CVD were predominant among diabetic female 57 % and peaked at age 75.5 years among 40-75 year old. The IMA was significantly increase in diabetic patients when compare with normal healthy group with cut off value ( 0.97 IU/L ), and there is also significantly increase in IMA level in uncontrolled diabetic patients (Mean ± SD; 14.70 + 10.66) that presented with acute chest pain and havea signs and symptoms of cardiac ischemia when compared with the well-controlled diabetic patients(Mean ± SD; 3.74 + 3.68). controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients were determined by the level of their HBA1c and comparison with the means of IMA level in their serum. C on c lusions : increase IMA level in poor control and long stand diabetic patients could help to identify the higher risk for develop to CVD, and The most common complication such as suffering from local or systemic hypoxic conditions, as acute ischemic stroke, peripheral vascular disease. K e y w o r d s : Ischemia, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, Ischemic Modified Albumin
Effects of the FecL Major Gene on Mean and Variance of Litter Size in the Lacaune Meat Sheep Population

The major gene FecL controlling prolificacy and evidenced in the meat Lacaune population was routinely genotyped in the Ovi-Test selection nucleus on all serving sires since 2002 and all replacement ewes since 2010. Litter size at lambing of these genotyped females have been collected and analysed. The population was composed of 71% homozygous ++, 27% heterozygous L+ and 2% mutated LL females. Analyses were performed with a threshold animal mixed model which showed an interaction between thresholds and genotypes. Polygenic heritability on the underlying scale was 0.11 and the gene accounted for 42% of the total additive genetic variance. On average L+ ewes produced 0.4 more lambs than ++ ewes. A new parameterization of the underlying variables and thresholds showed that the gene had an effect on the variability of the trait additionally to the direct variability increase induced by the mean change.
Estandarización de Operaciones en el Servicio Postventa de una Empresa Automotriz para la Marca Principal

espanolSe desarrollo la estandarizacion de las operaciones en los talleres de servicio postventa para la marca principal de una industria automotriz en Colombia. Para esto se utilizaron las tecnicas de evaluacion de las condiciones e instalaciones del taller, toma y estandarizacion de tiempos de cada operacion con sus respectivos suplementos y finalmente el desarrollo de un analisis comparativo de la marca. El resultado de esta evaluacion evidencio que los talleres cuentan con una infraestructura que les permite brindar un buen servicio a los clientes, Frente a la toma de tiempos, se actualizo la plataforma utilizada en estructura, presentacion, vocabulario, reduccion del 30% de las operaciones y 100% de los tiempos. Con respecto al analisis comparativo se logro establecer el nivel de competitividad con el que cuenta la marca. El desarrollo de esta estandarizacion permite que los datos sean transparentes y brinden mayor confianza tanto para el cliente como para los colaboradores de la empresa. EnglishStandardization of operations in the after-sales service workshops for the main brand of the automotive industry in Colombia was done. Several techniques such as evaluation of the facilities and their conditions, timing of each operation with its respective supplements and brand benchmarking, were used in order to perform the evaluation. The results of this evaluation showed that workshops have a solid infrastructure that allows providing good customer service. In terms of timing, the platform used was updated in structure, presentation, vocabulary, 30% reduction of operations and 100% of the times. Finally, regarding benchmarking, it was possible to establish the level of competitivity that the main brand has. The standardization developed allows data to be transparent and provide higher reliability for the client and the employees.
İttihat Terakki Politikalarında Pozitivizmin Etkisi ve Eleştirel Bir Yaklaşım

It can be said that positivist perspectives constituted the focal point of the political debates and discourses in Turkey in the past one and a half century. However, one of the distinctive characteristics of this positivism, which was introduced to Turkey relatively prematurely, is that it lacked philosophical depth and therefore it could not find productive grounds in political realm. This study inquires the reasons of this phenomenon. In addition to the lack of scientific tradition, perhaps the most important reason has been perpetual dominance of political concerns. For the members of the Unity and Progress Party, who focused on the “survival” of the nation, the importance of Science was not its “explanatory” power but its power as a “savior”. That the relationship between politics and Positivism, or Science in general, was shaped in contrary to Western experience, and that science was instrumentalized by politics lead to the appreciation of the popular forms of science. It is also possible to say that similar mentality dominated later periods.
MCP-penalized Regression in High Dimensional Partially Linear Models for Right Censored Data

Basing on Stute’s weighted least squares method for prognosis studies with right censored response variables, this paper first put forward a semi-parametric regression model include two covariate effects, one is for the low dimensional covariates taken a nonparametric form, the other is for the high dimensional covariates taken a parametric form. Then, the selection of parametric covariate effects was achieved by use of a minimax concave penalty (MCP) approach, it is with great consistency in the semi-parametric regression model. In succession, the nonparametric component was estimated by a sieve approach. Finally, a numerical simulation was made, the result shows that the proposed approach has satisfactory performance.
Interpersonal synchrony enhanced through 20 Hz phase-coupled dual brain stimulation.

Synchronous movement is a key component of social behaviour in several species including humans. Recent theories have suggested a link between interpersonal synchrony of brain oscillations and interpersonal movement synchrony. The present study investigated this link. Using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied over the left motor cortex, we induced beta band (20 Hz) oscillations in pairs of individuals who both performed a finger-tapping task with the right hand. In-phase or anti-phase oscillations were delivered during a preparatory period prior to movement and while the tapping task was performed. In-phase 20 Hz stimulation enhanced interpersonal movement synchrony, compared to anti-phase or sham stimulation, particularly for the initial taps following the preparatory period. This was confirmed in an analysis comparing real vs. pseudo pair surrogate data. No enhancement was observed for stimulation frequencies of 2 Hz (matching the target movement frequency) or 10 Hz (alpha band). Thus, phase-coupling of beta band neural oscillations across two individuals’ (resting) motor cortices supports the interpersonal alignment of sensorimotor processes that regulate rhythmic action initiation, thereby facilitating the establishment of synchronous movement. Phaselocked dual brain stimulation provides a promising method to study causal effects of interpersonal brain synchrony on social, sensorimotor and cognitive processes.
Effect of Problem Based Learning Toward Mathematical Communication Ability and Self-Regulated Learning

This study was essentially set out in order to determine the significant effect of problem-based learning and conventional model to students’ mathematics communication skills and their independent study in which the students’ responses were included for each lesson. The study design was a factorial design. The population involved was the entire students of class VIII SMPN 1 Dewantara, North Aceh. Sample using random sampling instrument used in the study consisted of testing the ability of early mathematics, mathematical communication skills, as well as independent learning questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using ANACOVA. The results showed that: (1) a significant difference model (PBL, Conventional) on the ability of mathematical communication, the average difference communication abilities of female students is higher than male students is 16.202 compared to male students 14.769, (2 ) There is a significant effect model (PBL, Conventional) on the ability of independent learning. (3) The process of settlement of the students' answer to Problem Based Learning is better than conventional learning. Keywords: Mathematics Communication Skills, Self-Regulated Learning, Problem based learning, Conventional Learning.
CEO Dismissal, Compensation and Topics of Board Meetings: The Case of China

Our paper examines the relationship between the frequency of board meetings on particular topics, and CEO dismissal/compensation and performance sensitivities. We utilize a unique dataset of specific topics discussed at board meetings, drawn from the reports of independent directors of listed firms in China over the period of 2003 to 2010. Our results show that turnover-performance sensitivity is weaker when there is a higher frequency of board meetings discussing the nomination of directors and top management. Moreover, the link between CEO compensation and firm performance is enhanced only when directors meet more often to discuss growth strategies for the use of IPO proceeds, investment and acquisitions. The paper provides support for agency theories on the effectiveness of board monitoring. It sheds lights on what makes boards more effective, and how board monitoring of different decisions at board meetings modifies the connection between CEO interests and firm performance.
To eat or not to eat—relationship of lichen herbivory by snails with secondary compounds and field frequency of lichens

Aims The biochemical defense of lichens against herbivores and its relationship to lichen frequency are poorly understood. Therefore, we tested whether chemical compounds in lichens act as feeding defense or rather as stimulus for snail herbivory among lichens and whether experimental feeding by snails is related to lichen frequency in the field. Methods In a no-choice feeding experiment, we fed 24 lichen species to snails of two taxa from the Clausilidae and Enidae families and compared untreated lichens and lichens with compounds removed by acetone rinsing. Then, we related experimental lichen consumption with the frequency of lichen species among 158 forest plots in the field (Schwabische Alb, Germany), where we had also sampled snail and lichen species. Important findings In five lichen species, snails preferred treated samples over untreated controls, indicating chemical feeding defense, and vice versa in two species, indicating chemical feeding stimulus. Interestingly, compared with less frequent lichen species, snails consumed more of untreated and less of treated samples of more frequent lichen species. Removing one outlier species resulted in the loss of a significant positive relationship when untreated samples were analyzed separately. However, the interaction between treatment and lichen frequency remained significant when excluding single species or including snail genus instead of taxa, indicating that our results were robust and that lumping the species to two taxa was justified. Our results imply lichen-feeding snails to prefer frequent lichens and avoid less frequent ones because of secondary compound recognition. This supports the idea that consumers adapt to the most abundant food source.