Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining Twitter Data for Improved Understanding of Disaster Resilience

Coastal communities faced with multiple hazards have shown uneven responses and behaviors. These responses and behaviors could be better understood by analyzing real-time social media data through categorizing them into the three phases of the emergency management: preparedness, response, and recovery. This study analyzes the spatial–temporal patterns of Twitter activities during Hurricane Sandy, which struck the U.S. Northeast on 29 October 2012. The study area includes 126 counties affected by Hurricane Sandy. The objectives are threefold: (1) to derive a set of common indexes from Twitter data so that they can be used for emergency management and resilience analysis; (2) to examine whether there are significant geographical and social disparities in disaster-related Twitter use; and (3) to test whether Twitter data can improve postdisaster damage estimation. Three corresponding hypotheses were tested. Results show that common indexes derived from Twitter data, including ratio, normalized ratio, and sentiment, could enable comparison across regions and events and should be documented. Social and geographical disparities in Twitter use existed in the Hurricane Sandy event, with higher disaster-related Twitter use communities generally being communities of higher socioeconomic status. Finally, adding Twitter indexes into a damage estimation model improved the adjusted R2 from 0.46 to 0.56, indicating that social media data could help improve postdisaster damage estimation, but other environmental and socioeconomic variables influencing the capacity to reducing damage might need to be included. The knowledge gained from this study could provide valuable insights into strategies for utilizing social media data to increase resilience to disasters.
The asset specificity issue in the private provision of environmental services: Evidence from agro-environmental contracts

Conservation practice adoption is classically explored through the technology lens. However, by introducing the trade-off between production cost savings and higher transaction costs, involved asset specificity level should be considered too. This paper addresses this issue in the case of agri-environmental contracts, in which subscribed agri-environmental practices are freely chosen by the farmer. Several studies have examined factors influencing farmers' adoption but none have distinguished practices from their associated asset specificity level and transaction costs. We fill this gap by assuming a utility maximizing farmer who compares contract payments with compliance costs. Transaction costs being endogenous and difficult to measure, we identify conditions in which these costs vary and derive testable propositions about these conditions' effect on the choice over asset specificity level. Estimations on a sample of 328 French farmers interviewed in 2005 confirm the existence of a transaction cost barrier in agro-environmental contract adoption. They also show factors such as distrust in the Government, uncertainty stemming from the opacity of public decisions and the nonsimilarity of transactions have a significant negative effect on the probability farmers choose more specific practices.
Mind: A Historical and Philosophical Introduction to the Major Theories

An historical overview and evaluation of modern psychology's theoretical foundations, Mind ranges from Descartes to dynamics in its discussion of such topics as introspectionism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and the varieties of contemporary cognitive science. Throughout, these theories are examined and assessed as attempts to construct an overall conception of the perso--as general theories of human nature.
The streaming submandibular gland

Twenty female young adult rats were injected with tritiated thymidine (3HTdR). The animals were then killed in groups of five, at the following times: 1 hour, and 4, 16, and 23 days. Autoradiograms of sections through the submandibular gland were prepared, and the location of labelled cells in relationship to tubuli and acini was recorded. The different tubular and acinar cross sections could be distinguished by their cell number. Narrow tubuli had fewer nuclei than the wider ones. The nuclear number of a cross section was defined as its class and the location of a labelled epithelial cell was expressed in relationship to the class where it was found. The location of a labelled stromal cell was determined by the class of its neighboring tubular or acinar cross sections. The mean cell numbers of intercalated, granular, and striated duct cross sections were, respectively, 4.7, 10.5, and 10.2, while the average cell content of acini was 4.7 cells. One hour after labelling most labelled tubular epithelial and stromal cells were found in tubular cross sections (or low tubular classes), while in the acini, labelled epithelial and stromal cells were found mainly in wider cross sections (or higher acinar classes). Within the next 23 days labelled tubular cells and stroma proceeded into higher classes, while labelled acinar epithelium and stroma cells were displaced into narrower cross sections (or lower classes). The displaced tubular epithelium and stroma covered daily 0.26 classes. At this velocity the cell will reach the highest tubular class in 62 days and the estimated maximal tubular cell life span is 62 days. Acinar epithelium and stroma were displaced at a velocity of 0.024 classes/day, and their maximal life span was 125 days. These results indicate that contrary to the accepted belief, submandibular gland epithelium and stroma are renewing cell populations. Tubular cell progenitors are formed in the intercalated duct, from which they proceed into the granular. During this journey they are accompanied by dedicated stroma cells which are displaced at the same velocity as the epithelial cell. Moreover, the data suggest that the intercalated duct supplies also acinar cell progenitors which are displaced into the acinus. Since in the submandibular gland epithelium and stroma proceed along the tubuli and acini concurrently they probably carry their microenvironment with them.
Ethical climate and job attitude in fashion retail employees' turnover intention, and perceived organizational sustainability performance : a cross-sectional study

The relationship between the fashion retail industry’s working environment and the high rate of employee turnover has been highlighted as one of the key concerns for negative organizational performance in both the short and long term. This relationship creates a need to investigate the ethical climate within fashion retail businesses, employees’ attitudes toward their jobs, and employees’ turnover intention, as these factors can influence organizations’ performance including their likelihood of achieving the triple bottom lines of sustainability. Based on social exchange and human and social capital theories, this study investigated how employees’ ethical climate and turnover intention are affected by both individual- and organizational-level factors, and their impact on the triple bottom lines of organizational sustainability performance. This study empirically tested a structural model based on the survey responses from 278 U.S. fashion retail employees. The findings show that an ethical climate can enhance employees’ job attitude as well as all three dimensions of organizational sustainability performance—financial, social, and environmental. Creating an ethical climate in an organization can decrease employees’ turnover intention, but also employees’ attitudes towards their jobs lowers their turnover intention. The study’s findings reveal that not only can employees’ attitudes toward their jobs impact organizational sustainability performance, but creating an ethical working environment is another important way to improve organizational sustainability performance.
Magic Mirror in My Hand … How Trade Mirror Statistics Can Help Us Detect Illegal Financial Flows

Criminals worldwide typically use misreporting tricks of different sorts to exploit the transfer of goods between different countries for money laundering purposes. The main international anti-money laundering organisations started paying attention to this phenomenon, known as trade-based money laundering, or TBML, a long time ago, but the absence of suitable analytical tools has reportedly impeded preventive action. Nonetheless, the literature has consistently shown that the analysis of discrepancies in mirrored bilateral trade data could provide some help. Based on previous studies, this work builds a model factoring in the main structural determinants of discrepancies between mirrored data concerning Italy’s external trade in the period 2010-13, considered at a highly detailed (6-digit) level of goods classification for each partner country. Point estimates of freight costs are used to net the cif-fob discrepancy. The regression estimates are then used to compute TBML risk indicators at country and at (4-digit) product level. Based on these indicators, rankings of countries and product lines can be compiled and used to detect potential illegal commercial transactions.
Pressures in the distal radioulnar joint: Effect of surgical procedures used for kienbock's disease

Radial shortening and ulnar lengthening are two accepted surgical methods for treating Kienbock's disease. The effect of these procedures on the pressure within the distal radioulnar joint between the ulnar head and the sigmoid notch of the radius was experimentally evaluated in six fresh cadaver forearms. Radial shortening and ulnar lengthening led to increased pressure at the distal radioulnar articulation and caused shifting of the location of the center of pressure distally within the sigmoid notch. Radial displacement of the distal radial fragment at the time of radial shortening, however, decreased the peak pressures. Based on these experimental data, ulnar lengthening and radial shortening can be expected to alter the normal biomechanics of the distal radioulnar joint.
Tax policy tools used to stimulate agriculture: their implementation and effectiveness

Tax policy is one of the main ways to implement the fiscal policy of the state, based on the country’s socio-economic development. The article provides theoretical understanding of the problems of tax stimulation with regard to the priorities of financial policy at certain stages and formulation of key tasks in establishing, developing and reforming of the tax system and tax policy of Ukraine. The agreement on association between Ukraine and the European Union urges our country to bring its tax legislation closer to tax legislation of the EU. A new mechanism of state support for agricultural producers was introduced on 1 January 2017, which requires an assessment of the impact of fiscal policy tools on stimulation of agriculture and regulation of production processes of the agricultural sector. The author of the article defines the impact of the fiscal policy on agriculture and substantiates the expediency of its further operation. The article describes criteria for the establishment of stimulating influence of taxes on agricultural production, taking into account the experience of leading European countries.
PART of the WHOLE: A Case Study in Wellness-Oriented Personalized Medicine

We describe the Wellness and Health Omics Linked to the Environment (WHOLE) personalized medicine profile for a 50-year-old Caucasian male living in Atlanta, Georgia. Based on the principle that genomic medicine will be most effective when presented in the context of an individual’s clinical and lifestyle data, we propose the use of a “risk radar” that summarizes health risks in eight domains. Rather than providing overwhelming lists of potentially deleterious genetic variants, we argue that profiles should be palatable, actionable, reproducible, and teachable: the PART principle. Genetic risk scores for this individual are strikingly concordant for his height, body mass index (BMI), waist hip ration (WHR), and cholesterol, and blood transcriptome data agrees with and complements his complete blood counts. Despite enjoying currently good health, his risk radar highlights metabolic disease as his major health concern.
Expanding Servicescape Dimensions with Safety: An Exploratory Study

Abstract This exploratory research allows participant responses to drive the development of key servicescape dimensions and to determine whether a safety-related dimension surfaces from the data. The study context is a pair of nested servicescapes, a university campus and its surrounding town. The investigation reveals three themes which are consistent with past research: ambient conditions, physical spaces, and social interactions. However, a fourth theme of safety elements routinely emerged in both servicescapes. This theme constitutes a dimension of the servicescape that has largely been ignored in the literature. The effect of one servicescape on another adds to the nascent ecosystem literature.
Genetic variability of human diamine oxidase: occurrence of three nonsynonymous polymorphisms and study of their effect on serum enzyme activity

Objective To analyze the occurrence and the functional effects of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human diamine oxidase (ABP1) gene. Methods Genomic DNA from 134 healthy Caucasian individuals was analyzed for three nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ABP1 gene. Serum diamine oxidase activity was studied in 37 individuals with known ABP1 genotype. Results Variant ABP1 alleles leading to the amino-acid substitutions Thr16Met, Ser332Phe and His645Asp were identified with frequencies of 25.4, 6.3 and 30.6%, respectively. Over 70% of the population (95% confidence interval, 62.4–77.9%) carry at least one amino-acid substitution. Each amino-acid substitution was at Hardy–Weinberg's equilibrium, but linkage disequilibrium between variant alleles was observed. The percentage of individuals carrying simultaneously the three amino-acid substitutions in heterozygosity or homozygosity (9%, 95% confidence interval, 4.2–13.8%) was over three times that expected from a random association (P<0.05). Individuals carrying the 645Asp amino acid displayed lower serum diamine oxidase activity as compared with noncarriers (P<0.001) with a significant gene–dose effect (P<0.05). This was due to an increase in the Michaelis–Menten constant. Individuals heterozygous for 645Asp show Vmax/Km values of 66% and homozygous 51% as compared with noncarriers. The effect of the 16Met variant allele was lower and that of the rarest allele 332Phe was negligible. Conclusion Nonsynonymous ABP1 gene polymorphisms are common in humans; they cause relevant functional effects and can be considered as major determinants of variability for human diamine oxidase activity.
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (DCE-US) for the Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocellular Carcinoma

Abstract Purpose: In a prospective study, we compared the different perfusion kinetics of HCC and ICC using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US). Materials and Methods: Patients with proven HCC and ICC were included. Three-minute video clips of CEUS examinations (CPS – low MI mode) after a bolus injection of 1.2 ml SonoVue® were recorded and analyzed with quantification software (VueBox®). Parameters for the arterial contrast enhancement [rise time (RT), time-to-peak (TTP)] towards portal venous contrast enhancement [mean transit time (local) (mTTl) and fall time (FT)] were quantified. Furthermore, contrast wash-out after peak enhancement (PE) (40 s, 80 s, 100 s and 120 s after PE) was compared between HCC and ICC. Results: 43 patients with proven HCC (n = 23 HCC; cirrhosis n = 16) and ICC (n = 20 ICC; Cirrhosis n = 6) were examined. No statistical difference of the arterial DCEUS parameters was found between HCC and ICC. Contrast enhancement of the portal venous and late phases showed significantly lower values in the ICC group indicating early wash-out of the contrast agent: mTTl (p = 0.0209): HCC 118.4 s (SD± 88.4); ICC 64.8 s (SD± 49.7). FT (p = 0.0433): HCC 42.5 s (SD± 27.7); ICC 27.7 s (SD± 16.2). The percental loss of intensity at a definite time point after PE was significantly higher in ICC than in HCC lesions. Conclusion: DCE-US is able to detect and quantify differences in perfusion kinetics between HCC and ICC. Whereas arterial contrast enhancement patterns may overlap between HCC and ICC, a timed characterization of wash-out kinetics may offer an additional tool to characterize HCC and ICC. The presence of a rapid loss of signal intensity in the early portal venous phase is significantly higher in ICC than in HCC lesions.
Frequency of adverse drug reactions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE The literature suggests that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a higher frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADR). We performed this case control study to compare the prevalence of ADR in patients with SLE and controls with inflammatory arthritis. METHODS We surveyed 249 patients, 145 with SLE and 104 age and sex matched controls with other types of inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), probable RA, and psoriatic arthritis. We asked about exposure and ADR to the following classes of drugs: (1) beta-lactam antibiotics, (2) sulfonamides, (3) other antibiotics, (4) disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), and (5) nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID). Personal and family atopic histories were obtained. The 2 groups were obtained from a single rheumatologic practice and had similar characteristics and drug exposures. RESULTS The response rate was 63% in the SLE patients and 64% in the control group. The mean age was 47.8 +/- 1.5 years in patients with SLE and 46.1 +/- 1.7 years in controls (p < 0.51). Ninety-two percent of SLE patients and 88% of controls were female (p < 0.42). Both groups had been exposed similarly to all antibiotics, as there were no significant differences between groups (exposure to sulfa antibiotics 53% in SLE patients vs 46% in controls), and to NSAID (84% SLE group vs 93% controls). Few patients from the SLE group had DMARD exposure, with the exception of plaquenil (65% SLE group vs 30% controls; p < 0.0001) and azathioprine (18% SLE group vs 4% controls; p < 0.006). There were between-groups differences with respect to total number of ADR with sulfa antibiotics (exposed had 25/48 reactions in SLE group vs 6/31 in controls; p < 0.003), but not with other drugs. Most ADR to sulfa antibiotics were cutaneous (rash). Subjects with an allergic or atopic history had more ADR (p < 0.0005). There were no differences between SLE patients and controls in having an allergic history (p < 0.88). Subjects with a positive family history of allergies were more likely to have ADR (p < 0.0043). SLE patients and controls with a personal versus family history of environmental allergies did not differ in having ADR (p < 0.16 and p < 0.83, respectively). CONCLUSION Both intolerances and true allergic reactions were not dissimilar in patients with SLE compared to controls with inflammatory arthritis, with the exception of cutaneous reactions to sulfa antibiotics in SLE patients. This has not been the experience of other investigators (with increased ADR with several antibiotics in SLE groups) who used healthy, best friend, and relative controls with dissimilar frequencies of drug exposures. Perhaps differences observed in the past (where SLE patients have more ADR than healthy controls) are true of other inflammatory arthritis subjects (who have different drug exposures than healthy individuals) rather than just SLE. Differences could also exist in the pharmacogenetics, as our sample population was mostly Caucasian.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN DAN KEPEMIMPINAN KELUARGA SERTA EFEKTIFITAS PENGAWASAN DEKOM TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT

This study aims to investigate the effect of family ownership, family leadership, and the monitoring role of the Board of Commissioners on the audit quality. This study uses a sample of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2010 to 2013. Family ownership is measured through the ultimate ownership of the company. To determine whether the company's CEO is the founder of the company, family relationship data is used on all of the company's ultimate owners. The monitoring role of the Board of Commissioners is calculated through the Asean Corporate Governance Scorecard index. Data of auditor is obtained from Center for Supervision of Financial Service (P2PK). The results showed that family ownership either through direct or indirect mechanisms tend to choose Big 4 KAP than non Big 4. While Chief Financial Officer (CFOs) from family and corporate founders tend to choose Big 4 in auditing the company. This is done to maintain the company's reputation. The results also show that the effective monitoring of the Board of Commisionners (BOC) tends to choose Big 4 auditors compared to non Big 4.
A model for privacy-aware presence management in mobile communications

As humans we find communicating natural and compelling. Over the centuries we have created many innovations which enable and improve communication between people; during the past decade mobile phone networks have brought about a technological revolution in this area. Never before have people been so connected to one another. Today we have the ability to communicate with almost anyone, anytime, anywhere. Our increased connectivity and reachability also leads to new issues and challenges that we need to deal with. When we phone someone we expect an instant connection, and when this does not occur it can be frustrating. On the other hand it is equally disruptive to receive a call when one is busy with an important task or in a situation where communication is inappropriate. Social protocol dictates that we try to minimize such situations for the benefit of others nearby and for ourselves. This management of communications is a constant and difficult task. Using presence – which signals a person’s availability and willingness to communicate – is a solution to this problem. Such information can benefit communication partners by increasing the likelihood of a successful connection and decreasing disruptions. This research addresses the problem of staying connected while keeping control over mobile communications. It adopts a design-science research paradigm, with the primary research artifact being a model for privacy-aware presence management in mobile communications. As part of the model development knowledge contributions are made in several ways. Existing knowledge about the problem area is extended through a quantitative analysis of mobile communications management. This analysis uses a novel survey, collecting useful empirical data for future research. This includes how people currently manage their communications and what features they expect from a potential “call management” system. The examination and use of presence standards, as a foundation for the model, provides a comparison of the main presence technologies available to-
A longitudinal study of the prevalence of borreliae in ticks in the urban locality of Brno - Pisárky, Czech Republic

The aim of this study was to evaluate potential effects of the infection rate and the frequency of the infected individual developmental stages of I. ricinus on Lyme borreliosis incidence, based on data from the 7-year study. Pisarky Park was chosen for this long-term project since it is a popular recreational area for inhabitants of Brno city, Czech Republic. The positivity of ticks in Pisarky has changed over the years and also within one year. The activity culminated in summer, but the positivity peaked in the autumn months. In this longitudinal study the prevalence of all developmental stages of I. ricinus ticks in the Pisarky Park in Brno was confirmed. Nymphs were established as the main vector stage infecting humans.