Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivação, valores e sentimentos por trás da resistência ao consumo e veganismo

O anticonsumo e uma tendencia que apresenta varias facetas, e em uma delas encontramos o veganismo. Por sua natureza, o consumidor vegano se recusa a consumir produtos e servicos que envolvam animais em sua producao, tornando-se um otimo mercado alvo para os produtores ditos como sustentaveis. O presente estudo e composto por uma pesquisa exploratoria sobre conceitos como anticonsumo e veganismo e uma pesquisa etnografica para revelar a moral e etica do consumo vegano, amplamente voltadas ao consumo etico e sustentavel. Entre outras coisas, ficou definido que o consumidor vegano muitas vezes se ve marginalizado pelo mercado tradicional, que ainda vende produtos veganos a precos muito mais altos do que os de suas contrapartes naoveganas; tambem ocorre uma marginalizacao emocional, fazendo com que muitos veganos so consigam ser amigos de outros veganos. Ficou claro que os veganos apresentam um ressentimento aos excessos da cultura de consumo desenfreado e veem as empresas que o fomentam como gananciosas e egoistas.
El palimpsesto grecolatino como fenómeno librario y textual: una introducción

El palimpsesto grecolatino como fenómeno librario y textual Gracias a los últimos avances en ciencias de la imagen y a iniciativas tan ambiciosas como la que ha supuesto el proyecto europeo Rinascimento virtuale Digitale Palimpsestforschung, la investigación filológica sobre palimpsestos y, en general, sobre manuscritos de difícil legibilidad ha experimentado durante los últimos años un desarrollo muy notable, por ejemplo en lo referente a recuperación de textos hasta ahora ocultos o apenas identificados. Con carácter fundamentalmente introductorio, en esta publicación se recogen varias contribuciones dedicadas al estudio del palimpsesto grecolatino como fenómeno librario y textual, tanto en sus aspectos generales (definición, procedencia, técnicas modernas de conservación y recuperación, etc.) como en sus facetas más específicas (atendiendo sobre todo –dentro del ámbito griego y del latino– a los palimpsestos de contenido litúrgico-musical).
Role of Bismuth and Substrate Temperature on the Optical Properties of Some Flash Evaporated Se 100-X Bi X Glassy System

Chalcogenide glasses are very important in the modern technology especially selenium-based. These glasses are sensitive to electromagnetic radiation useful in the infrared optics. The study investi- gated the effect of substrate temperature on the as-deposited selenium-bismuth thin films in addi- tion to bismuth content. The films were deposited by flash evaporation method. Thickness of the films was measured on a surface profiler and confirmed through calculation based on the Swane- poel method. The spectral range of study was between 200 - 3000 nm. It is found that the effect of increasing bismuth content on the as-deposited films led to increased absorption coefficient, ref- lectance, refractive index and extinction coefficient while transmittance and optical band gap energy decreased. On the other hand, reflectance, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, re- fractive index, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant increased with increase in substrate temperature but transmittance and optical band gap energy decreased.
Measurements of nitrogen oxides and ozone fluxes by eddy covariance at a meadow: evidence for an internal leaf resistance to NO2

Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) plays an important role in atmospheric pollution, in particular for tropospheric ozone production. However, the removal processes involved in NO 2 deposition to terrestrial ecosystems are still the subject of ongoing discussion. This study reports NO 2 flux measurements made over a meadow using the eddy covariance method. The measured NO 2 deposition fluxes during daytime were about a factor of two lower than a priori calculated fluxes using the Surfatm model without taking into account an internal (also called mesophyllic or sub-stomatal) resistance. Neither an underestimation of the measured NO 2 deposition flux due to chemical divergence or an in-canopy NO 2 source nor an underestimation of the resistances used to model the NO 2 deposition explained the large difference between measured and modelled NO 2 fluxes. Thus, only the existence of the internal resistance could account for this large discrepancy between model and measurements. The median internal resistance was estimated to be 300 s m −1 during daytime, but exhibited a large variability (100–800 s m −1 ). In comparison, the stomatal resistance was only around 100 s m −1 during daytime. Hence, the internal resistance accounted for 50–90% of the total leaf resistance to NO 2 . This study presents the first clear evidence and quantification of the internal resistance using the eddy covariance method; i.e. plant functioning was not affected by changes of microclimatological (turbulent) conditions that typically occur when using enclosure methods.
Quantitative high-resolution observations of soil water dynamics in a complicated architecture using time-lapse ground-penetrating radar

High-resolution time-lapse ground-penetrating radar (GPR) observations of advancing and retreating water tables can yield a wealth of information about near-surface water content dynamics. In this study, we present and analyze a series of imbibition, drainage and infiltration experiments that have been carried out at our artificial ASSESS test site and observed with surface-based GPR. The test site features a complicated but known subsurface architecture constructed with three different kinds of sand. It allows the study of soil water dynamics with GPR under a wide range of different conditions. Here, we assess in particular (i) the feasibility of monitoring the dynamic shape of the capillary fringe reflection and (ii) the relative precision of monitoring soil water dynamics averaged over the whole vertical extent by evaluating the bottom reflection. The phenomenology of the GPR response of a dynamically changing capillary fringe is developed from a soil physical point of view. We then explain experimentally observed phenomena based on numerical simulations of both the water content dynamics and the expected GPR response.
Coping strategies: mediators of long-term effects in victims of bullying?

Concerning the growing interest arising from bullying related issues, one of the most appealing aspects which is drawing more attention is the study of the effects of victimization experiences. In this study we will analyse, using a retrospective methodology, long-term effects of the participation as a victim of bullying episodes, specially stress manifestations in adult life. Likewise, the mediating role of coping strategies used against bullying in such manifestations is studied. For such purpose, a modified version of the Retrospective Bullying Questionnaire (RBQ; Schäfer et al., 2004), that includes a stress scale (Rivers, 1999), was applied to 219 college students between 18 and 40 years who were then evaluated. Results suggest that, adult life stress levels are more likely to be conditioned by conflict appraisal than by coping strategies. The strategies perceived as being more efficient are also highlighted. Possible explanations are discussed.
Development of a multiport test bench and systematic measurements of cable bundles for automotive EMC tests

Abstract. In this paper the development of a cable bundle test bench is described and exemplary results of the systematic measurement of cable bundles for automotive EMC tests are presented. The test bench consists of particularly developed adapter boxes and switch matrices, which allow together with a network analyzer to perform a network analysis with up to 32 ports and up to 1 GHz. Calibration and deembedding procedures are described and validated. Cable bundles that are characteristic to automotive EMC tests are investigated with respect to the number of wires within the cable bundle, the class of the cable bundle and the type of wires.
Conocimiento Matemático Para La Enseñanza Del Volumen De Prismas en Primaria = Mathematics Knowledge for Teaching the Volume of Prisms in Elementary School.

El estudio de objetos tridimensionales en el currículo mexicano se aborda en toda la educación básica. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre el conocimiento matemático para la enseñanza de los profesores al respecto. Este reporte da cuenta de un acercamiento a dicho conocimiento, a partir de la observación de las clases, que tres profesoras de sexto grado ponen en juego cuando enseñan a sus estudiantes a calcular el volumen de prismas en dos escuelas de la ciudad de México. Los resultados muestran evidencias respecto a ciertos subdominios del conocimiento matemático para la enseñanza. Si bien hay fortalezas en dicho conocimiento, también algunas carencias, lo que muestra la necesidad de construir espacios formativos (inicial y continua) donde el análisis y discusiones favorezcan el aprendizaje de conocimientos tanto geométricos como didácticos que requieren para su práctica docente.
The First Time: Characteristics of Teens' First Sexual Relationships: (479882006-001)

By Suzanne Ryan, Ph.D., Jennifer Manlove, Ph.D., and Kerry Franzetta August 2003 verview Even as teens are bombarded with sexually provocative music, videos, fashions, advertisements, and images of pop stars who flaunt their sexuality, the consensus of society still seems to be that it’s not good for school-age teens to have sex. Many teens, in fact, have opted for abstinence, but many others have not. Indeed, recent data show that almost half of school-age teens in the United States report that they have had sexual intercourse.1 At the same time, teen births have dropped to an all-time low.
Interactive comment on “Investigation of gaseous and particulate emissions from various marine vessel types measured on the banks of the Elbe in Northern Germany” by J.-M. Diesch et al

The paper by Diesch et al. reports on measurements of ambient aerosol and several trace gases on five days in April 2011. These measurements have been carried out on the banks of the lower Elbe close to one of the busiest shipping lanes in Europe. In total 139 ship plumes have been analysed to determine emission factors for the above mentioned quantities depending on vessel classes. In general the paper is an interesting and scientific important piece of work and merits publication in ACP. This is in particular true since only a few studies are available where emission factors of marine vessels have been derived under real conditions. However, like reviewer #1 I have serious concerns about several of the conclusions drawn by the authors due to the very limited data set used. Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 5 should be rephrased, removing
K-stability of birationally superrigid Fano varieties

We prove that every birationally superrigid Fano variety whose alpha invariant is greater than (respectively no smaller than) $\frac{1}{2}$ is K-stable (respectively K-semistable). We also prove that the alpha invariant of a birationally superrigid Fano variety of dimension $n$ is at least $1/(n+1)$ (under mild assumptions) and that the moduli space (if it exists) of birationally superrigid Fano varieties is separated.
Optimal Vigilance Level and Hiring Illegal Immigrants

This paper assumes a Ricardian Economy and analyzes migration of illegal unskilled workers in a model of Cournot Duopoly where firms are producing homogenous and non-traded goods, and hiring illegal immigrants. The focus is on the behaviours of firms and the implications for the output, prices and employment of domestic workers in that industry. A two-stage simultaneous move game is set up: In Stage 1, for a given technology and vigilance level, each individual firm will decide whether to hire illegal immigrants. In Stage 2, each firm will choose the Cournot output level. Using this structure, we provide additional insights as to why firms hire illegal workers and what motivates these firms in their hiring practices. Furthermore the presence of illegal immigrants may create more employment for domestic workers and a social planner can be strategic in choosing optimal level of vigilance as we have shown that multiple solutions for optimal vigilance are possible and also Pareto ranked.
Population Ecology of Polydora ligni (Polychaeta: Spionidae). I. Seasonal Variation in Population Characteristics and Reproductive Activity

A population of the polychaete Polydora ligni Webster was studied durlng 1982 and 1983 in Alewife Cove, Connecticut, USA, to determine seasonal changes in population characteristics. During early spring (March and April), the population was comprised of primarily large adults that had over-wintered. Females in this group exhibited the highest mean individual fecundity over the year (> 2000 larvae per brood). However, total larval production at this time was low (5200 to 208000 larvae m-' per 14 d ) due to low densities of adults. Population density increased slowly during spring as juveniles produced by overwintering adults recruited into the population and matured into adults. While mean individual fecundity of these adults was lower (;= 1200 larvae brood-'), larval production peaked (5 884000 larvae m-2) due to their hlgh density. Population abundance peaked coincident with peaks in larval production, decreased rapidly during late summer and leveled off during fall and winter Population density was lower and fluctuated less in the second year of the study, but general seasonal patterns were repeated. Reproductive activity was continuous over the study period. The overall female-to-male sex ratio was 2.42 : 1, and females grew to significantly larger sizes than males. Besides fecundity, there were seasonal differences in the number of gametogenic segments per female and the number of eggs per capsule; there were no seasonal differences in the number of egg capsules per brood. Temporal changes in population characteristics of P. ligni differed to various degrees from those reported for related taxa and other opportunistic polychaetes. However, the general patterns were similar. Seasonal variation in the population characteristics of opportunistic polychaetes may cause responses to disturbance to vary because of changing dynamics in populations that act as sources of larvae. Seasonally varying dynamics may also be an Important evolutionary determinant of opportunistic life history traits
Patterns and Consequences of Interspecific Competition in Natural Communities: A Review of Field Experiments with Plants

We present a quantitative literature review to assess the extent to which field experiments with plants have addressed questions about patterns of competition over time and space, consequences of competition for community structure, and comparisons of competitive ability among species. We outline the necessary treatment comparisons and statistical analyses to answer each question and then describe the number of experiments that meet these criteria and their results. Although we found a total of 101 experiments in 89 studies, 63% of these experiments only addressed whether competition significantly affected some component of individual fitness of a single species at a single time and site. Despite the limited data base to address more complex questions about competitive interactions, we did find consistent results for a few of the questions we reviewed. Where tested, competition always had significant effects on distribution patterns (five experiments), on relative abundances (two experiments), and on diversity (four experiments), consistent with the notion that competition has strong effects on community structure. On the other hand, intraspecific competition was not usually stronger than interspecific competition for either competitive effect (four experiments) or response (three experiments), which suggests that resource partitioning may not be an important mechanism of coexistence in plants.
Work-related well-being of educators in a district of the North-West Province

The objectives of this article were to assess the relationship between burnout, health, job demands and job resources in a sample of educators. A cross-sectional survey design was used. Stratified random samples (N = 266) were taken of educators in an area of the NorthWest Province. The Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey, the Health subscale of the ASSET, and the Job Demand-Resources Scale were administered. The results showed that overload, a lack of growth opportunities, and a lack of control explained 35% of the variance in exhaustion. A lack of growth opportunities, job insecurity and a lack of control explained 23% of the variance in cynicism. Exhaustion explained 17% of the variance in physical illhealth, whereas exhaustion, cynicism and low professional efficacy explained 38% of the variance in psychological ill-health.
Part-of-Speech Tagging for Code-Switched, Transliterated Texts without Explicit Language Identification

Code-switching, the use of more than one language within a single utterance, is ubiquitous in much of the world, but remains a challenge for NLP largely due to the lack of representative data for training models. In this paper, we present a novel model architecture that is trained exclusively on monolingual resources, but can be applied to unseen code-switched text at inference time. The model accomplishes this by jointly maintaining separate word representations for each of the possible languages, or scripts in the case of transliteration, allowing each to contribute to inferences without forcing the model to commit to a language. Experiments on Hindi-English part-of-speech tagging demonstrate that our approach outperforms standard models when training on monolingual text without transliteration, and testing on code-switched text with alternate scripts.
Avaliação da saúde de crianças em creches de cidade do sul do Brasil

OBJETIVO: Analisar a avaliacao da saude de criancas de creches publicas e privadas de uma cidade do Sul do Brasil feita por seus responsaveis e investigar sua associacao com fatores socioeconomicos, demograficos e aqueles relacionados ao estado de saude. METODOS: Estudo transversal com amostragem em duplo estagio (n=589). A coleta de dados incluiu medidas antropometricas e questionario com variaveis infantis e do responsavel. A avaliacao do responsavel sobre a saude infantil foi coletada como muito boa, boa, regular, ruim ou muito ruim. Para a analise, as duas primeiras categorias foram agrupadas e as tres ultimas indicaram saude negativa. As razoes de prevalencia brutas e ajustadas e seus respectivos intervalos de confianca de 95% (IC95%) foram calculadas por meio da regressao de Poisson, com ajuste para delineamentos complexos. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 531 criancas (90,2%) com idades de 1,5 meses a 7,5 anos, a maioria de creches publicas (75,9%). Apenas 8,1% (IC95% 5,8 - 10,4) tiveram sua saude classificada como regular. Criancas hospitalizadas no ano anterior, as de raca negra, amarela ou indigenas, que ficavam mais de 20 horas por semana na creche e com consumo alimentar considerado "pequeno" pelos pais apresentaram maior prevalencia de saude classificada como regular. Pais que relataram consumir bebidas alcoolicas avaliaram como pior a saude de seus filhos. CONCLUSOES: A maioria dos responsaveis avaliou positivamente a saude de seus filhos. Cor da pele, hospitalizacoes e consumo alimentar foram variaveis independentemente associadas a pior avaliacao de saude infantil pelos responsaveis.
Automorphism groups of finite topological rank

We offer a criterion for showing that the automorphism group of an ultrahomogeneous structure is topologically 2-generated and even has a cyclically dense conjugacy class. We then show how finite topological rank of the automorphism group of an $\omega$-categorical structure can go down to reducts. Together, those results prove that a large number of $\omega$-categorical structures that appear in the literature have an automorphism group of finite topological rank. In fact, we are not aware of any $\omega$-categorical structure to which they do not apply (assuming the automorphism group has no compact quotients). We end with a few questions and conjectures.
Eastern Ontario Pre-Service Intermediate-Senior Mathematics Teachers' Beliefs About Problem Solving

ii Acknowledgements . iv Dedication . vi List of Figures . ix List of Tables . x List of Abbreviations . xi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Purpose and Research Questions . 3 Rationale . 4 Overview of Thesis . 6 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 8 Problem Solving . 8 Characteristics of problems.9 Characteristics of problem solving . 13 Problem solving in mathematics teachers’ classroom practice . 16 Pre-Service Teachers’ Beliefs . 18 Defining beliefs . 19 Beliefs instruments.22 Teachers’ Classroom Practice . 25 Classroom practice and curriculum implementation . 26 Problem solving in Ontario mathematics curricula . 27 Overview of Empirical Studies for Teachers’ Beliefs About Problem Solving . 28 Summary . 30 Chapter 3: Methodology and Methods . 33 Research Design . 33 Sampling Procedures . 35 Dealing with Ethical Considerations . 36 Data Collection . 38 Types of data collected . 38 Phases of data collection . 41 Data Analysis . 44 BMPSQ analysis . 44 Interview analysis . 47 Comparing and integrating quantitative and qualitative data . 48 Managing Personal Biases . 49 Chapter 4: Findings . 50 Quantitative Data . 50 BMPSQ reliability and validity . 51 Reliability analysis . 51 viii Factor analysis . 53 Descriptive statistics . 56 Two-way mixed ANOVAs . 59 Difficult problems scale . 60 Usefulness scale . 61 Understanding scale . 61 Effort scale . 61 Qualitative Data . 62 Ontological themes: Phase one . 63 Ontological themes: Phase two . 71 Epistemological themes: Phase one . 80 Epistemological themes: Phase two . 88 Findings Summary . 95 Chapter 5: Discussion . 97 Answering the Research Questions . 97 Research Question One . 98 Ontological beliefs . 100 Epistemological beliefs . 105 Research Question One: Sub-Question One . 109 Research Question One: Sub-Question Two . 111 Research Question Two . 112 Limitations . 117 Implications and Recommendations . 119 Implications for Practice . 119 Recommendations for Future Research . 122 References . 124 Appendices . 135 Appendix A: Letter of Information and Consent Form . 135 Appendix B: Outline of the Beliefs About Mathematical Problem Solving Questionnaire . 138 Appendix C: Implemented Beliefs About Mathematical Problem Solving Questionnaire . 140 Appendix D: Interview Guide – Pre-Coursework and Practicum . 142 Appendix E: Interview Guide – Post-Coursework and Practicum . 144 Appendix F: Descriptive Statistics for Likert Items in the Beliefs About Mathematical Problem Solving Questionnaire . 146 Appendix G: General Research Ethics Board Approval . 150
Prevalence and Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Slaughtered Qurban Animal in Jakarta Province

This study was conducted to investigate the presence of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and the possibility of carrying rfbE gene and H7 flagellar on meat, liver, and stool samples collected from Jakarta Province of Indonesia. A total of 51 samples collected from meat, liver, and stool of slaughtered cattle from qurban festival were tested using conventional culture and multiplex PCR methods. STEC non O157 were detected in meat (5.3%) and stool (8.3%) with one isolate from stool carried H7 flagellar. However, all isolates were lacking of rfbE gene. In antimicrobial susceptibility tests, the STEC isolates showed antibiotic resistance to erythromycin and oxacillin. Overall, the result shows that meat and liver of this origin activity represents a potential risk to human health.