Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Red-giant seismic properties analyzed with CoRoT

Context. The CoRoT 5-month long observation runs provide us with the opportunity to analyze a large variety of red-giant stars and derive their fundamental parameters from their asteroseismic properties. Aims. We perform an analysis of more than 4600 CoRoT light curves to extract as much information as possible. We take into account the characteristics of both the star sample and the method to ensure that our asteroseismic results are as unbiased as possible. We also study and compare the properties of red giants in two opposite regions of the Galaxy. Methods. We analyze the time series using the envelope autocorrelation function to extract precise asteroseismic parameters with reliable error bars. We examine first the mean wide frequency separation of solar-like oscillations and the frequency of the maximum seismic amplitude, then the parameters of the excess power envelope. With the additional information of the effective temperature, we derive the stellar mass and radius. Results. We identify more than 1800 red giants among the 4600 light curves and obtain accurate distributions of the stellar parameters for about 930 targets. We are able to reliably measure the mass and radius of several hundred red giants. We derive precise information about the stellar population distribution and the red clump. By comparing the stars observed in two different fields, we find that the stellar asteroseismic properties are globally similar, but that the characteristics are different for red-clump stars. Conclusions. This study demonstrates the efficiency of statistical asteroseismology: validating scaling relations allows us to infer fundamental stellar parameters, derive precise information about red-giant evolution and interior structure, analyze and compare stellar populations from different fields.
Soy Isoflavones—Benefits and Risks from Nature’s Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)

Phytoestrogens have become one of the more topical areas of interest in clinical nutrition. These non-nutrient bioactive compounds are ubiquitous to the plant kingdom and possess a wide range of biological properties that contribute to the many different health-related benefits reported for soy foods and flaxseeds—two of the most abundant dietary sources of phytoestrogens. Reviewed is the recent knowledge related to their pharmacokinetics and clinical effects, focusing mainly on isoflavones that are found in high concentrations in soy foods. Arguments are made for considering soy isoflavones as natural selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) based upon recent data of their conformational binding to estrogen receptors. Rebuttal is made to several key and important issues related to the recent concerns about the safety of soy and its constituent isoflavones. This article is not intended to be a comprehensive review of the literature but merely highlight recent research with key historical perspectives.
Severe raltegravir-associated rhabdomyolysis: a case report and review of the literature

Raltegravir (RAL), an HIV integrase inhibitor, may uncommonly induce an increase of serum creatine kinase (CK) both in naïve and antiretroviral (ARV)-experienced HIV-positive patients. We report the case of severe rhabdomyolysis requiring hospitalization in an ARV-experienced HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patient treated with a RAL-containing drug regimen. Factors favouring a severe clinical occurrence of RAL-induced rhabdomyolysis from cases reported in literature are described.
Radical Classes Closed Under Products

Abstract This is a survey of what is known about Kurosh-Amitsur radical classes which are closed under direct products. Associative rings, groups, abelian groups, abelian ℓ-groups and modules are treated. We have attempted to account for all published results relevant to this topic. Many or most of these were not, as published, expressed in radical theoretic terms, but have consequences for radical theory which we point out. A fruitful source of results and examples is the notion of slenderness for abelian groups together with its several variants for other structures. We also present a few new results, including examples and a demonstration that e-varieties of regular rings are product closed radical classes of associative rings.
Antibodies to influenza and West Nile viruses in horses in Mexico

INFLUENZA A virus (IAV) (family Orthomyxoviridae) is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen of birds and mammals, including human beings and horses ([Palese and Shaw 2007][1]). The virus is classified into different subtypes based on the antigenic properties of the haemagglutinin (HA) and
THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Improvement of cardiovascular risk factors after adrenalectomy in patients with adrenal tumors and subclinical Cushing's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE Beneficial effects of adrenalectomy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) are uncertain. We sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following objectives: (i) determine the effect of adrenalectomy compared with conservative management on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with SCS and (ii) compare the effect of adrenalectomy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with SCS vs those with a nonfunctioning (NF) adrenal tumor. METHODS MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial were searched on 17 November 2015. Reviewers extracted data and assessed methodological quality in duplicate. RESULTS We included 26 studies reporting on 584 patients with SCS and 457 patients with NF adrenal tumors. Studies used different definitions of SCS. Patients with SCS undergoing adrenalectomy demonstrated an overall improvement in cardiovascular risk factors (61% for hypertension, 52% for diabetes mellitus, 45% for obesity and 24% for dyslipidemia). When compared with conservative management, patients with SCS undergoing adrenalectomy experienced improvement in hypertension (RR 11, 95% CI: 4.3-27.8) and diabetes mellitus (RR 3.9, 95% CI: 1.5-9.9), but not dyslipidemia (RR 2.6, 95% CI: 0.97-7.2) or obesity (RR 3.4, 95% CI: 0.95-12). Patients with NF adrenal tumors experienced improvement in hypertension (21/54 patients); however, insufficient data exist for comparison to patients with SCS. CONCLUSIONS Available low-to-moderate-quality evidence from heterogeneous studies suggests a beneficial effect of adrenalectomy on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with SCS overall and compared with conservative management.
The handbook of children, media, and development

Notes on Editors and Contributors. Foreword (Aletha C. Huston). Acknowledgments. Introduction: Media and Children s Development (Sandra L. Calvert and Barbara J. Wilson). Part I: Historical, Conceptual, and Financial Underpinnings of Media. 1 Historical and Recurring Concerns about Children's Use of the Mass Media (Ellen Wartella and Michael Robb). 2 Business Models for Children s Media (Alice Cahn, Terry Kalagian, and Catherine Lyon). Part II: Media Access and Differential Use Patterns. 3 Media Use Across Childhood: Access, Time, and Content (Ronda Scantlin). 4 Children, Race, Ethnicity, and Media (Bradley S. Greenberg and Dana E. Mastro). 5 Gender, Media Use, and Effects (Stacey J. T. Hust and Jane D. Brown). 6 Media and the Family (Alison Alexander). Part III: Cognitive Effects of Media: How and What Children Learn. 7 Attention and Learning from Media during Infancy and Early Childhood (Rachel Barr). 8 Media Symbol Systems and Cognitive Processes (Kaveri Subrahmanyam and Patricia Greenfield). 9 Learning from Educational Media (Heather L. Kirkorian and Daniel R. Anderson). 10 News, Reality Shows, and Children's Fears: Examining Content Patterns, Theories, and Negative Effects (Stacy L. Smith, Katherine M. Pieper, and Emily J. Moyer-Guse). Part IV: Social Effects of Media. 11 Media Violence and Aggression in Youth (Barbara J. Wilson). 12 Prosocial Effects of Media Exposure (Marie-Louise Mares, Edward Palmer, and Tia Sullivan). 13 Make-Believe Play, Imagination, and Creativity: Links to Children's Media Exposure (Dorothy G. Singer and Jerome L. Singer). 14 Parasocial and Online Social Relationships (Cynthia Hoffner). 15 Fear Responses to Media Entertainment (Patti M. Valkenburg and Moniek Buijzen). Part V: Health Effects of Media. 16 Media Use and Childhood Obesity (Elizabeth A. Vandewater and Hope M. Cummings). 17 Media, Body Image, and Eating Disorders (Kristen Harrison and Veronica Hefner). 18 Media and Advertising Effects (Brian Young). 19 Adolescents and Media Messages about Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drugs (Dina L. G. Borzekowski and Victor C. Strasburger). Part VI: Media Policy and Interventions. 20 The Children s Television Act (Sandra L. Calvert). 21 Regulating the Media: Sexually Explicit Content (Joah G. Iannotta). 22 Media-Related Policies of Professional Health Organizations (Marie Evans Schmidt, David S. Bickham, Amy Branner, and Michael Rich). 23 The Rating Systems for Media Products (Douglas A. Gentile0. 24 Parent and School Interventions: Mediation and Media Literacy (Jennifer L. Chakroff and Amy I. Nathanson). Author Index. Subject Index.
Free skin flap reconstruction after partial hypopharyngectomy with laryngeal preservation

Abstract Surgical resection of hypopharyngeal cancer often affects laryngeal function. The aim of this study is to assess the reliability and efficacy of free skin flap transfer after partial hypopharyngectomy with laryngeal preservation. This study designs a retrospective analysis. The subjects were 54 patients who underwent free skin flap reconstruction immediately after partial pharyngolaryngectomy or hypopharyngectomy with laryngeal preservation. The defects were classified into four types based on the location of the hypopharyngeal defect. Functional results were evaluated by routine physical examination findings and parameters related to swallowing function and X-ray barium deglutition examination. Perioperative mortalities and morbidities were reviewed. There were no perioperative mortalities and 98% of the flaps survived. Forty-three patients (80%) were able to eat an unrestricted diet and experienced no aspiration. Restriction of the diet was significantly associated with the extent of oesophageal mucosal resection. In conclusion, free skin flap reconstruction is confirmed to be a safe and effective strategy to maintain laryngeal function and good quality-of-life.
Early metabolic derangements in daughters of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a familial endocrine-metabolic dysfunction, increasingly recognized in adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism. However, it is difficult to establish whether the metabolic abnormalities described in PCOS are present before the onset of hyperandrogenism. In children, a strong association of adiponectin levels with metabolic parameters of insulin resistance has been described. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate adiponectin serum concentrations and metabolic parameters in prepubertal and pubertal daughters of women with PCOS to identify girls with increased metabolic risk. DESIGN Fifty-three prepubertal and 22 pubertal (Tanner stages II-V) daughters of PCOS women (PCOSd) and 32 prepubertal and 17 pubertal daughters of control women (Cd) were studied. In both groups, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed with measurement of glucose and insulin. Adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein, SHBG, sex steroids, and lipids were determined in the fasting sample. RESULTS Both groups had similar chronological ages, body mass index sd score, and Tanner stage distribution. In the prepubertal girls, 2-h insulin was higher (P = 0.023) and adiponectin levels were lower (P = 0.004) in the PCOSd group, compared with the Cd group. In the pubertal girls, triglycerides (P = 0.03), 2-h insulin (P = 0.01), and serum testosterone concentrations were higher (P = 0.012) and SHBG lower (P = 0.009) in PCOSd, compared with Cd, but adiponectin levels were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Some of the metabolic features of PCOS are present in daughters of PCOS women before the onset of hyperandrogenism. Adiponectin appears to be one of the early markers of metabolic derangement in these girls.
Prevalence of MS in South Estonia. Evidence of a new border of the Fennoscandian focus

A population‐based study of MS was carried out in South Estonia in 1988–1989. Cases were identified from the Tartu University Hospital archives where all MS cases in South Estonia are diagnosed, from all neurologists and nursing homes of the region, and from the local Multiple Sclerosis Society. The prevalence in South Estonia is 51 per 100,000, for native Estonians 55, for Russians 29, for other nationalities 42 per 100,000. The prevalence rate in different counties was demonstrated as low as 31 per 100,000 in the County of Tartu, to 72 per 100,000 in Pǒlva County; 55% of patients have retired because of their handicap and only 2 patients (1%) were living in nursing homes.
Hyperdibasicaminoaciduria: An Inherited Disorder of Amino Acid Transport[34]

Extract: A dominantly inherited trait, expressed as ‘hyperdibasicaminoaciduria’, has been identified in 13 of 33 members in a French Canadian pedigree (fig. 1). The female proband was 18 months old when first identified. The medical problems which brought her to our attention were her small stature and symptoms compatible with a mild malabsorption syndrome. Neither the small stature nor the intestinal complaints could be linked confidently with the appearance of the inherited trait; it is more reasonable to assume that the incidental appearance of a medical problem in the proband brought the otherwise benign trait to attention.The trait was characterized by abnormally high urinary excretion rates for the diaminomono-carboxylic (‘dibasic’) compounds, lysine, ornithine, and arginine; cystine, which is excreted in abnormal amounts along with the dibasic amino acids in classical cystinuria, was excreted normally in this instance (table I and figs. 2A and 2B). This constitutes the distinctive characteristic of the trait. It allows one to discriminate the carriers of the trait, who presumably are heterozygotes, from carriers of the various cystinuric genotypes. The trait is expressed consistently with regard to interindividual variation (table I) and intraindividual variation (table II). The plasma concentrations of the affected amino acids were normal in carriers of the trait, while the endogenous renal clearance rates were modestly elevated (table III). A defect in net tubular absorption of the relevant amino acids thus existed. The mutant transport trait was apparently also expressed in the intestine. This is assumed because net accumulation of lysine in plasma after loading by mouth was less in carriers of the trait than in normal subjects (fig. 3 and table IV); in contrast, in the single patient tested, intestinal absorption of cystine was not impaired.The characteristics of the trait suggest that the diaminomonocarboxylic amino acids share a transport system in kidney and intestine which excludes cystine.Speculation: The discovery of a mutant trait, in which transport of diaminomonocarboxylic acids alone is impaired, illustrates the specificity of membrane transport systems for amino acids. In this instance, the belief that cystine is not transported on the ‘dibasic’ system is confirmed. Thus, an interpretation of the physical and chemical basis for classical cystinuria, where cystine and ‘dibasic’ amino acids are affected together, still remains a major challenge to the investigator.
Pathophysiology of anthracycline‐ and radiation‐associated cardiomyopathies: Implications for screening and prevention

Great progress has been made in treating childhood cancers over the past 40 years. Along with second malignancies, a major complication of anti‐cancer therapies is adverse cardiovascular effects, especially cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease. The pathophysiology and characteristics of cardiomyopathy associated with radiation therapy and anthracycline therapy are distinctive. We describe each type of cardiomyopathy, along with its risk factors. These distinctive cardiomyopathies require different screening tests. Appropriate screening of the entire cardiovascular system should be performed because radiation and chemotherapy affect the entire system. Prevention recommendations focus on cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:600–606. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Executive function and weight status in children: A one-year longitudinal perspective

There is considerable evidence for an association between obesity and impaired executive function (EF) in adolescents and adults. However, little research has examined EF in overweight or obese children. Furthermore, data on EF in underweight individuals is lacking. In addition, there is no consensus on the directionality of the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and EF, and longitudinal studies are rare. Thus, the present study examined whether children differ in their performance on a battery of EF tasks depending on their weight status (underweight, normal-weight, overweight), and investigated the longitudinal cross-lagged associations between EF and BMI. Hot EF (delay of gratification, affective decision-making), cool EF (attention shifting, inhibition, working memory [WM] updating), and BMI were assessed in 1,657 German elementary-school children at two time points, approximately one year apart. Overweight children exhibited slightly poorer attention shifting, WM updating, and affective decision-making abilities as compared to normal-weight children. Unexpectedly, they did not show any deficits in inhibition or delay of gratification. EF levels of underweight children did not differ significantly from those of normal-weight children. Furthermore, poor attention shifting and enhanced affective decision-making predicted a slightly higher BMI one year later, and a higher BMI also predicted poorer attention shifting and WM updating one year later. The latter association between BMI and subsequent EF scores, however, diminished when controlling for socioeconomic status. Results indicate that hot and cool EF plays a role in the weight development of children, and might be a promising factor to address in preventive interventions.
Web site accessibility: an online sector analysis

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), companies must provide customers with disabilities access to their “physical” stores. With the advent of the pure Web store, some wonder if the ADA will extend into “cyberspace”. So, are companies ready? This study assesses Web sites to determine their readiness. Results reveal that only 9 percent of the sites have accessible home pages.
Cryoprotective Effect of Maltose on Washed and Frozen Stored Chicken Meat

KovaCHeviCH, D. and K. MastanjeviCH, 2012. Cryoprotective effect of maltose on washed and frozen stored chicken meat. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 18: 429-434 the cryoprotective effects of maltose ( w = 0-10%) on washed chicken meat (WCM) were investigated. WCM was pro duced from broiler meat, frozen and stored for 360 days on -30°C. Myofibrillar protein functional stability was monitored by salt extractable protein ( seP) and differential scanning calorimetry (D sC). salt extractable protein ( seP) showed that the addition of maltose caused smaller decrease of protein solubility during frozen storage. the peak transitions temperatures (T p ) and denaturation enthalpies (ΔH) of myosin and actin of WCM samples showed increase during frozen storage (-30 o C) with the increase of mass fraction of maltose. since the value of denaturation enthalpy is directly related to amount of native proteins, higher values of ΔH indicates to the higher cryoprotective effects of maltose.
Effective Treatment for an Adolescent with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Correspondence to: Dr. J.R. Wachsmuth, Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Telephone (416) 598-7195 FAX: (416) 598-7505 Chronic fatigue syndrome continues to attract both clinical and research interest. Recent progress has been made through the development of a working case definition’ I
An Energy-Efficient CKN Algorithm for Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks

To prolong the lifetime of a wireless sensor network, one common approach is to dynamically schedule sensors' active/sleep cycles (i.e., duty cycles) using sleep scheduling algorithms. The connected K-neighborhood (CKN) algorithm is an efficient decentralized sleep scheduling algorithm for reducing the number of awake nodes while maintaining both network connectivity and an on-demand routing latency. In this paper, we investigate the unexplored energy consumption of the CKN algorithm by building a probabilistic node sleep model, which computes the probability that a random node goes to sleep. Based on this probabilistic model, we obtain a lower epoch bound that keeps the network more energy efficient with longer lifetime when it runs the CKN algorithm than it does not. Furthermore, we propose a new sleep scheduling algorithm, namely, Energy-consumption-based CKN (ECCKN), to prolong the network lifetime. The algorithm EC-CKN, which takes the nodes' residual energy information as the parameter to decide whether a node to be active or sleep, not only can achieve the k-connected neighborhoods problem, but also can assure the k-awake neighbor nodes have more residual energy than other neighbor nodes in current epoch.
Parent–Adolescent Communication About Sex in Rural India

In this article, we examine parent–adolescent communication about sex among rural Indian youth and their parents. We conducted in-depth interviews (N = 40) with mothers, fathers, and adolescent boys and girls aged 14 to 18 years in a rural community in Maharashtra, India. In the context of key cultural factors, including gender-related norms, we explore issues of sexual health and critically assess widely held beliefs that Indian parents are unwilling or unable to discuss sex-related topics with their children. Our findings suggest that despite communication barriers, e.g., lack of knowledge and cultural proscriptions, Indian families are interested in and willing to communicate about sex-related topics. Future research should seek to determine the viability of family-based HIV prevention interventions for Indian adolescents.