Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiology-based synthesis of audiovisual speech

In this paper, several analyses relati~g facial motion with perioral muscle behavwr and speech acoustics are described. Th~ resu_lts suggest that linguistically relevant VIs_ual Information is distributed over large regwns of the face and can be modeled from the same control source as the acoustics.
The relationship between learner characteristics and the perception of distance learning and satisfaction with Web-based courses

Distance education and web-based courses are now mainstream in the U.S. higher education involving over 80% of four year public universities and growing (NCES, 2003). This study investigated the relationships between students' characteristics and their perception of web-based learning and satisfaction with distance learning in five Web-based undergraduate biology courses in a Midwestern university. This quantitative study surveyed 279 students and used multivariate statistical techniques. The online survey combined Kolb's (1984) Learning Styles Inventory and Walker's (2003) Distance Education Learning Environment Survey plus demographic questions. The study found that the three dimensions of Moore's Transactional Distance Theory (Moore, 1974) may be linked with Kolb's two dimensional views of individual learning styles. For example, courses with high structure are perceived as more satisfactory by students with "abstract conceptualization" learning style. Based on this finding it is recommended that courses are designed to accommodate multiple learning styles with variety on all dimensions of transactional distance. The findings from this study indicated that in general students were satisfied with their web-based courses. Although there were significant differences in students' perceptions in relation to gender, age, and academic major these significant findings disappeared when course differences taken into consideration. It is recommended that further research replicate this study using random sampling. Alternatively, a more limited study may avoid confounding variables by selecting similar courses, such as using only large introductory biology courses. The number of hours students studied and their perception of science were both significant situational factors. An increase in the hours studied per week and a more positive perception of science were both related to increases in the perception of personal relevance, authentic learning, active learning, and student autonomy, interaction and collaboration. The strength of the effect of study hours varied with the course, such that students in the course that had a collaborative authentic activity as a final course project reported the significantly more study hours and more positive perception of the course. Based on these findings it is recommended that Webbased courses include a variety of learning materials and activities that support differing characteristics and learning styles of students.
The use of first and second languages in primary education : selected case studies

This paper addresses the question of the best choice of language as the initial language of instruction for the child in primary school in a multilingual society. The paper reviews eight case studies in seven countries. It compares achievement in reading and language in the second and first language, and achievement in content subjects, especially arithmetic. On the basis of these studies, it is concluded that there is no one best answer to the question of which language to choose. The answers must be found on a case-by-case basis. They depend on the interrelated characteristics of each situation, including the cognitive and linguistic development of the child in his first language, the attitudes of parents towards the language chosen for the school, and the status of the languages in the wider community. In terms of these characteristics, situations are described where the best choice for initial instruction might be the child's second language, and where it might be the first language.
Dieselmotorische Kraftstoffzerstäubung und Gemischbildung mit Common-Rail Einspritzsystemen

Mit der PDA-Messtechnik sowie mit dem Mie-Streulicht- und dem Schlieren-/Schattenverfahren wurden die dieselmotorische Kraftstoffzerstaubung und Gemischbildung in Druckkammern und in einer schnellen Kompressionsmaschine untersucht. Die Arbeiten konzentrierten sich auf die zeitliche Strahlausbreitung, den Kegelwinkel, das Tropfenspektrum und die Sprayverdampfung, abhangig von Gasdichte, Einspritzdruck und Gastemperatur. Drosseleffekte am Nadelsitz konnen die Spraybildung stark beeinflussen, womit dem zeitlichen Nadelhubverlauf Bedeutung zukommt. Teilweise trat Kavitation in der Duse auf. Die gewonnenen experimentellen Daten, insbesondere die Messergebnisse zur Tropfengeschwindigkeit und -grose erlauben eine zuverlassige Validierung und Optimierung numerischer Codes.
The Skills of Document Use: From Text Comprehension to Web-Based Learning

Contents: Foreword. Preface. Introduction. The Psychology of Text Comprehension: Current Theories and Issues. The Role of Text Organizers in Expert Comprehension. Comprehending Multiple Documents. Question Answering and Document Search. Using Hypertext Systems. Learning From Multiple Online Sources of Information. General Conclusions.
Understanding Technical Terms and Acronyms Used in Precision Agriculture

We live in a society that embraces technological innovation so easily because new technology can make our lives easier. In the last 30 years, our generation has experienced the explosive development of information technology, which is now a key element used at all levels of society and productive sectors of our economy. As expected, agricultural technology has also changed and is shifting to become an information-intensive endeavor. Regardless of the rate of change, traditional production systems will continue to evolve into modern, productive and innovative systems, and Cooperative Extension efforts will help facilitate this process.
Literary Reading and Classroom Constraints: Aligning Practice with Theory. Report Series 5.2.

This paper proposes a reorientation of classroom practices in the teaching of literature, a reorientation proceeding from new understandings of literary reading. The first section of the paper reviews convergences in current theory and research on literary reading that teachers ought to consider when rethinking classroom practice. The second section of the paper, on reader response theory, considers to what extent current classroom situations and practices in the teaching of literature are hospitable to the new understanding of litecary reading. The third section of the paper suggests and demonstrates how classroom situations and practices might be more properly aligned with what is known about acts of reading literature. The fourth section of the paper points up some of the key issues teachers ought to consider in developing agendas for reader-centered classrooms. (Twenty-two references are attached.) (RS) *********ft****************AAAAAAAAA************************************ Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *****************************************************************t*****
Contingent Valuation: A Comprehensive Bibliography and History

Contents: 1. Preface 2. The Historical Development of Contingent Valuation 3. Bibliography of Contingent Valuation Papers and Studies 4. Appendices on Book's Website a. Bibliography as a Word Document b. Bibliography as a Citation Database c. Bibliography as an Endnote Database d. Bibliography as a Refman Database e. Bibliography as a RIS Formated Text File f. Bibliography as a BibTex Formated Text File g. Bibliography as a Refer Formated Text File
Modelling and Modelling Competencies in School

The paper reports on university seminars of mathematical modelling at school. The seminars were held by the departments of mathematics and mathematics education together with various schools in Hamburg. Future teachers and students in upper secondary level carried out together modelling examples either in ordinary lessons or special afternoon groups. They tackled authentic problems proposed by applied mathematicians working in industry. In this paper we consider one of these examples in more detail and describe students' attempts at solving the problem. The paper also deals with modelling competencies and their development. These competencies are evaluated by means of a test that was applied to all participating students at the beginning and at the end of the seminar. The results of these tests are reported and they indicate which competencies were fostered through modelling examples and which were not.
New Teaching Standards and Old Tests: Dangerous Mismatch?.

As almost every state attempts to reform mathematics instruction by implementing new teaching standards, state testing practices remain largely unchanged. Is there a mismatch between these new standards and the old tests? This question is investigated by examining whether middle and high school algebra students taught in a manner consistent with the National Council for Teachers of Mathematics Professional Standards performed differently on three standardized algebra assessments than students taught in traditional classrooms. The data come from 94 teachers, 2,369 students, and 40 schools in one of the nation's largest school districts. Results indicate that a mismatch does not exist between the Standards and the old tests. In fact, middle school algebra students whose teachers spent more time using the NCTM teaching approach had higher growth rates than students whose teachers spent less time using the approach. However, students with higher ability levels benefited more. The growth rates of the lowest achieving students, the high school students (who are disproportionately black and poor), were not helped or hindered by the NCTM teaching approach. This study provides policy makers with evidence that traditional multiple choice tests do not directly undermine the standards movement in this one school district. On the other hand, old tests will not provide teachers of low-achieving students with any incentive to adopt the Standards.
Einfluss von Traubenfäulnis und Schönungsmitteln auf Gehalte biogener Amine in Mosten und Weinen

Des mouts et des vins ont ete produits a partir de la vendange saine et pourrie de 26 cepages, et les teneurs en amines biogenes ont ete analysees par voie de RP-HPLC apres derivatisation precolonne a l'OPA. Tant pour les cepages rouges que pour les cepages blancs, les amines totales des produits issus de cepages pourris etaient significativement plus elevees que celles des produits issus de cepages sains. Les valeurs plus elevees des amines totales etaient principalement dues a l'isopentylamine et la phenylethylamine, tandis que les valeurs des autres amines biogenes n'affichaient que de faibles augmentations. En principe, les teneurs en histamine ont du etre considerees comme plutot basses (valeur maximale : 5,89 mg/l). L'effet des moyens de traitement du vin n'est pas uniforme, mais depend du genre et de la concentration de l'amine biogene. Pour l'histamine notamment, mais aussi pour la putrescine, la cadaverine, la 2-methylbutylamine et l'isopentylamine, on a pu constater une diminution significative de la substance (de 27 a 47 %) suite a un collage a la bentonite. Lors de l'examen de 22 vins classes selon le classement qualitatif autrichien («Pradikatsweine») en vente dans le commerce, on a constate que les teneurs en amines totales augmentaient parallelement a l'augmentation de la densite du mout. La aussi, les teneurs plus elevees etaient principalement dues a l'augmentation des concentrations de phenylethylamine et d'isopentylamine. Sur la base des resultats obtenus, l'utilisation d'isopentylamine (≥ 10 mg/l) et de phenylethylamine (> 5 mg/l) en tant que substances indicatrices est recommandee pour prouver l'utilisation de vendange pourrie acide.
An introduction to computational fluid mechanics by example

This new book builds on the original classic textbook entitled: An Introduction to Computational Fluid Mechanics by C. Y. Chow which was originally published in 1979. In the decades that have passed since this book was published the field of computational fluid dynamics has seen a number of changes in both the sophistication of the algorithms used but also advances in the computer hardware and software available. This new book incorporates the latest algorithms in the solution techniques and supports this by using numerous examples of applications to a broad range of industries from mechanical and aerospace disciplines to civil and the biosciences. The computer programs are developed and available in MATLAB. In addition the core text provides up-to-date solution methods for the Navier-Stokes equations, including fractional step time-advancement, and pseudo-spectral methods. The computer codes at the following website: www.wiley. com/go/biringen
Early Validation of Information System Prototypes Using the Technology Acceptance Model

This study applies the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to determine whether future users of an information system are able to accurately differentiate between "good" and "bad" prototypes. TAM has previously been used on completed systems. However, by the time a system is completed, development resources have already been expended and changes to the system are difficult and expensive. It would be beneficial to be able to assess intent to use the completed system early in the development cycle. A developer would determine probable system usage by having potential users of the system work with the prototype, then complete the TAM instrument. Results of our study indicate that TAM can be used as a simple, low-cost determinant of a "bad" prototype, permitting improvements to be made continuously throughout the development cycle.
Topic Familiarity Effect on Accuracy, Complexity, and Fluency of L2 Oral Output

Recent research into task-based language teaching claims that manipulation of task factors, learner factors, and task processing conditions can focus language learners’ attention on the competing goals of accuracy, complexity, or fluency. The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of topic familiarity on accuracy, complexity, and fluency of L2 oral output. Defining task familiarity in terms of learners’ familiarity with task topic, the twenty upper-intermediate level participants of the study performed a familiar and then an unfamiliar task. The results of statistical analysis revealed that the participants produced a more accurate and more fluent, but less complex discourse in their performance of the familiar task. The findings highlight the need to consider topic familiarity as a task feature in syllabus design and materials development and the necessity of considering this task feature for accomplishing accuracy, complexity, or fluency in oral task production.
Susceptibility to ischemic ventricular fibrillation

Plotse hartdood is een van de meest voorkomende oorzaken van overlijden en treft ongeveer een op de duizend Nederlanders per jaar. De meest voorkomende oorzaak van plotse hartdood is het ontstaan van kamerfibrilleren tijdens een hartinfarct. Dat is een ritmestoornis waardoor het hart niet meer gecontroleerd bloed kan rondpompen. De vraag rijst waarom de ene persoon wel kamerfibrilleren krijgt tijdens een hartinfarct en de ander niet. In dit proefschrift is nader onderzoek gedaan naar factoren die hierop invloed hebben: het genetisch profiel, de nierfunctie en producten van bloedplaatjes die vrijkomen tijdens het hartinfarct. Tevens is een grote groep van overlevers van kamerfibrilleren gevolgd om hun prognose te onderzoeken. De bevindingen helpen om het ontstaan van kamerfibrilleren tijdens een hartinfarct beter te begrijpen en bieden aanknopingspunten om dit te voorkomen. Tevens is aangetoond dat degenen die kamerfibrilleren tijdens een myocardinfarct overleven een goede prognose hebben na ontslag.
TÜBİTAK Ortaöğretim Proje Yarışmasına Hazırlanan Öğrencilerin Proje Geliştirme Sürecinin İncelenmesi: Bir Eylem Araştırması

Bu calismada, 47. TUBITAK Ortaogretim Ogrencileri Arastirma Projesi Yarismasi baglaminda ogrencilerin arastirma projesi hazirlama becerileri gelistirilerek bu surecte edindikleri kazanimlarin incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Bu calismada uygulayicinin ayni zamanda arastirmaci oldugu bir yaklasimla eylem arastirmasi yontemi kullanilmistir. Arastirmaci bir yandan belirlenen diger ogretmenlerle birlikte uygulamayi gelistirerek surdurmus diger yandan calismanin amacina yonelik veri toplamistir. Bu calismanin verileri, Batman Kultur ve Mesleki Anadolu Kiz Meslek Lisesi programina kayitli proje hazirlayan 32 ogrenci ile bu ogrencilere proje danismanligi yapan 8 ogretmenden elde edilmistir. Verilerin toplanmasi amaciyla gozlem ve acik uclu soru formu kullanilmistir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda proje hazirlama surecinin ogrenciler ile ogretmenler arasindaki iliskileri guclendirerek onlari ortak bir “arastirmaci potasinda” erittigi, ogrencilerin bilimsel arastirma becerileri, merak duygusu, ozguven duygusu, iletisim becerileri gibi farkli ozelliklerini gelistiren cok yonlu katkilar sagladigi bulgularina ulasilmistir.
WPP, No.111: Syllabification, Sonority, and Spoken Word Segmentation: Evidence from Word-Spotting

Since Cutler and Norris (1986), it has been held that the role of the syllable in on-line word segmentation is fundamentally language specific; syllabification-based strategies are said to be available in syllable-timed languages, but unavailable in languages that are stressed-timed. The present study used word-spotting and found listeners in English (a prototypically stress-timed language) to be highly sensitive to sonority patterns. In particular, it was found that listeners more readily parsed sonorant consonants as codas, making vowel-initial target words like “absent” easier to spot in nonsense strings like “jeemabsent” compared to “jeebabsent”. This pattern mirrors both English-speaking listeners’ off-line syllabification preferences, and also the on-line behavior of listeners of syllable-timed languages (e.g., French), suggesting the syllable-based segmentation routine is not language specific.
Theory and technology for computational narrative: an approach to generative and interactive narrative with bases in algebraic semiotics and cognitive linguistics

This dissertation presents theoretical and technical support for, and implementations of, narrative computational media works with the following characteristics: generative content, semantics-based interaction, reconfigurable narrative structure, and strong cognitive and socio-cultural grounding. A system that can dynamically compose media elements (such as procedural computer graphics, digital video, or text) to result in new media elements can be said to generate content. The GRIOT system, a result of this dissertation, provides an example of this. It has been used to implement computational poetry that generates new narrative poems with varying particular concepts, but fixed themes, upon each execution. This generativity is enabled by the Alloy system, which implements an algorithm that models key aspects of Gilles Fauconnier and Mark Turner's theory of conceptual blending. Alloy is the first implementation of Joseph Goguen's algebraic semiotics approach to blending (Fauconnier & Turner, 2002; Goguen, 1998). This research also contributes to the theory of algebraic semiotics by developing a blending-based notion of style. Semantics-based interaction means here that (1) media elements are structured according to the meaning of their content, and (2) user interaction can affect content of a computational narrative in a way that produces new meanings that are constrained by the system's author. "Meaning" in this case indicates that the author has provided formal descriptions of domains and concepts pertinent to the media elements and subjective authorial intent. Meaning can also be reconfigured at the level of narrative discourse. The formal structure of a computational narrative can be dynamically restructured, either according to user interaction, or upon execution of the system as in the case of narrative generation. Strong cognitive and socio-cultural grounding here implies that meaning is considered to be contextual, dynamic, and embodied. The formalizations used derive from, and respect, cognitive linguistics theories with such notions of meaning. Furthermore, the notion of narrative here is not biased toward one particular cultural model. Using semantically based media elements as a foundation, a cultural producer can implement a range of culturally specific or experimental narrative structures.
Feature distribution in Swedish noun phrases

1. Introduction. 2. Determiners and Modifiers. 2.1. Previous Studies of Prenominal Elements. 2.2. The Determiner Field. 2.3. The Descriptive Field. 2.4. The Determiner Field vs. the Descriptive Field. 2.5. Conclusions. 3. Definite Feature or Definite Article. 3.1. Previous Analyses. 3.2. What is a Clitic? 3.3. DEF as a Syntactic Element. 3.4. A Comparison with the Possessive --s in Swedish. 3.5. A Comparison with a Enclitic Articlesa in Other Languages. 3.6. Conclusions About the Status of the a Enclitic Articlea . 4. The Head of the Noun Phrase. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. The Zwicky--Hudson Criteria. 4.3. Arguments for D as the Head of a Noun Phrase. 4.4. Arguments Against D as the Head of the Noun Phrase. 4.5. Conclusions. 5. Features in Definite Noun Phrases. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Nouns Without Syntactic Determiners. 5.3. Nouns with Syntactic Determiners. 5.4. Nouns with Adjectives and Determiners. 5.5. Some Residual Issues. 5.6. Conclusions. 6. Features in Indefinite Noun Phrases. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Nouns with Determiners. 6.3. Nouns without Determiners. 6.4. Conclusions. 7. Conclusion.
New method of packed column design for liquid-liquid extraction processes with random and stacked packings

Methode simple de calcul des principales dimensions des colonnes non pulsees a garnissages desordonnes ou ranges. Nouvelles methodes de calcul de la retenue de la phase dispersee, du diametre des gouttes, de la limite d'engorgement et du transfert de matiere dans la phase dispersee et dans la phase continue dans les deux directions