Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research article titles in applied linguistics

With increasing diversification of research, a research article depends much upon the title to encapsulate its distinctive content. The present study aims to examine the syntactic structures and functions of research article titles in applied linguistics. Using a corpus of 796 titles from four journals that are included in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), we identified five syntactic structures, namely, compound, nominal, full-sentence, V-ing phrase, and prepositional phrase. Of the five structures, compound titles, which enable research article writers to present dual foci of studies, constitute more than half of the occurrences, followed by nominal titles, which can concisely summarize the essence of studies. Each of the other three structures accounts for a very small percentage. A second-phase analysis was performed on the two constituent elements of the compound titles and on the heads and modifiers of the nominal titles. For the former, a total of eleven categories were found, revealing a wide variety of crucial aspects of research in applied linguistics, including mainly Topic-Scope, Topic-Method, Topic-Description, Topic-Source, Metaphor-Topic, and Topic-Question. For the nominal titles, both discipline-specific and non-discipline-specific heads were recognized. A majority of the discipline-specific heads are compound nouns, and prepositional phrases are widely used as post-modifiers. The analysis results provide useful information for the academic writing pedagogy.
The Effects of Performance Criteria on Learning and Retention of Spelling Words

Two eighth grade boys participated in a study on the effects of performance criteria on learning and retention of spelling words. Baseline conditions consisted of weekly tests with no criteria, whereas treatment conditions consisted of daily tests with: (a) no criteria, (b) an accuracy criterion, (c) a fluency criterion. Follow-up tests were given approximately 10 days after completion of each list. Correct frequencies and accuracy ratios were calculated for both learning trials and follow-up probes. Retention accuracy ratios were also calculated. The data indicate that teaching to a fluency criterion is most effective for learning spelling words.
Output feedback stabilization of flexible spacecraft

In this work a dynamic controller is derived for a spacecraft with flexible appendages. The control aim is to perform large angle maneuver. The actuators are reaction-wheels and the measured variables are the parameters describing the attitude and the angular velocity of the reaction wheels. Simulations show the feasibility of a control scheme based on such a controller.
Is E-Reader Technology Killing or Kindling the Reading Experience?

The advent of e-reader technology has spawned a fundamental change in the reading experience. Such devices are meant to address what are perceived as shortcomings or flaws in the design of traditional paper-based books. Yet, as with any new technology, e-readers possess their own unique set of advantages and disadvantages, which we explore here. Research concerning reading media indicates a mild yet pervasive preference for traditional books, yet e-readers continue to gain in popularity. We offer quantitative data relating to readers’ attitudes and preferences for information presentation so as to better guide efforts for the design of e-reader systems.
Narrative Strategies in an EFL Classroom: An Experiment.

This article is divided into two parts. Part 1 focuses on the events that took place in teaching the class as a whole. Part 2 presents a case study of five learners who, because they had serious problems, both attitudinal and other problems, received special attention and additional support. The study had two main aims. The first was to respond to the request made by the school principal to help with the problems of teaching English, particularly in one of the high-school classes. The problem was that although the class had learnt English for eight years, they could neither speak nor write it. More importantly, they had built totally negative attitudes toward the learning of the language. The second was to satisfy my own desire to find out how, as a non-native teacher, I could respond to the problems by putting into use different strategies that I had acquired in confronting similar situations over the years.
To help or not to help a service robot

This paper reports an experimental study in which people who had never encountered our service robot before were requested to assist it with a task. We call these visiting users "bystanders" to differentiate them from people who belong to the social setting and group in which the robot is operated in and thus are familiar with the robot. In our study 32 subjects were exposed to our robot and requested by it to provide a cup of coffee as part of a delivery mission. We anticipated that people in general would help the robot, dependent upon whether they were busy or had received a demonstration of the robot as introduction. Our results indicate that the willingness of bystanders to help a robot not only is a consequence of the robot initiated interaction, but equally depends on the situation and state of occupation people are in when requested to interact with and assist the robot.
Path Loss Model for Coupling Loop Interference with Multiple Reflections over Single Frequency Network

Abstract Path loss models are important for predicting coverage area and for performance analysis in simulation and design of radio systems including an on-channel repeater (OCR). In this paper, an analytical path loss model for the coupling loop path is proposed to evaluate the performance of an OCR in a single frequency network (SFN). Since the receive antenna and the transmit antenna in the OCR are electrically coupled, the coupling loop interference (CLI) between the transmitting and receiving antennas at the OCR must be suppressed in order to avoid signal distortion and oscillation. Although numerous publications exist for path loss models, the assumption is commonly that transmit and receive antennas are fully separated. Therefore, an important step toward designing and installing an OCR station in an SFN is to model the actual propagation characteristics of CLI. Based on the ellipses model, an analytical path loss model in which the receiver and the transmitter are co-located is developed according to reflection distance.
Compression of digital holographic data: an overview

Holography has the potential to become the ultimate 3D experience. Nevertheless, in order to achieve practical working systems, major scientific and technological challenges have to be tackled. In particular, as digital holographic data represents a huge amount of information, the development of efficient compression techniques is a key component. This problem has gained significant attention by the research community during the last 10 years. Given that holograms have very different signal properties when compared to natural images and video sequences, existing compression techniques (e.g. JPEG or MPEG) remain suboptimal, calling for innovative compression solutions. In this paper, we will review and analyze past and on-going work for the compression of digital holographic data.
COPD: Immunopathogenesis and Immunological Markers

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of the lungs characterised by progressive and irreversible airflow limitation associated with chronic inflammation. Despite extensive research, the immunopathogenesis of COPD is still not fully elucidated. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the pathophysiology of COPD with a particular focus on chronic inflammation and the role of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages in the disease, describe the exhaled breath condensate, a novel method of detecting inflammatory biomarkers, and suggest novel biomarkers to better characterise the immunopathogenesis of COPD.
A 21-mW 4-Mb CMOS SRAM for battery operation

The authors describe a 21-mW 4-mB CMOS SRAM for the application of memory systems which operate on 3-V batteries. A low active power is achieved by novel circuit technologies. A thin-film transistor (TFT) load memory cell effectively reduces standby current to 0.4 mu A. A new multibit test circuit, which permits measurement of access time, is also introduced for a reduction of the test time. The authors describe the characteristics of the TFT memory cell and the improved memory cell design for stable cell operation. The 0.6- mu m process technology used to fabricate the 4-Mb SRAM and the chip performance are outlined. >
An experimental study on human articular cartilage permeability

The permeability of cartilage contributes to many tissue functions, like the transport of nutrients to chondrocytes, the ability to carry high loads, and the maintenance of a lubricating fluid film between opposing articular surfaces. We measured in vitro the permeability of the human lateral tibial plateau cartilage through its depth, by measuring the fluid flow induced by an applied pressure gradient; values range from 1.38/spl times/10/sup -16/ to 8.01/spl times/10/sup -16/ m/sup 4//Ns, showing a decrease with increasing pressure in every layer and a decrease with depth for every level of applied pressure difference. We also extrapolated the permeability values from creep tests performed on the same samples.
Capacity region of finite state multiple-access channel with delayed state information

A single-letter characterization is provided for the capacity region of finite-state multiple access channels, when the channel state is a Markov process, the transmitters have access to delayed state information, and channel state information is available at the receiver. The delays of the channel state information are assumed to be asymmetric at the transmitters. We apply the result to derive power control strategies to maximize the capacity region for finite-state additive Gaussian multiple access channels, and for the finite-state multiple-access fading channel.
Bunched beam stochastic cooling in the Fermilab Tevatron Collider

In order to double the integrated luminosity of the Tevatron collider in the next running period, a 4-8 GHz bunched beam betatron stochastic cooling system has been designed. The horizontal and vertical emittances of the protons and antiprotons will be cooled to counteract the effects of power supply noise, beam-beam interaction, and intrabeam scattering. A vertical proton prototype system has been installed in the Tevatron and tested. In addition, measurement results and details of the hardware are reviewed. <<ETX>>
Three-dimensional optoelectronic architectures for massively parallel processing systems

Advances in optical interconnection technology create the potential of constructing three-dimensional systems. This has a profound impact on the performance of the designs implemented in such a way. Using the average interconnection length and the interconnection length distribution as performance measures, we will show that three-dimensional architectures are much more suitable for the implementation of massively parallel processing systems than traditional two-dimensional architectures. For optoelectronic three-dimensional architectures, we have to take into account the physical and geometric differences between optical and electrical channels. The main consequences of these differences on system performance will be discussed.
Technology to Support Writing by Students with Learning and Academic Disabilities: Recent Research Trends and Findings.

The trends and findings from a descriptive analysis of 25 years of research studies examining the effectiveness of technology to support the compositional writing of students with learning and academic disabilities are presented. A corpus of 85 applied research studies of writing technology effectiveness was identified from among 249 items in the scholarly literature. The use of technologies to support each of the components of the writing process is reported in terms of the research designs used, the writing processes supported, and the historical trends in research publication. The research designs represented in the research base suggests that, overall, there is a developed program of research; however, this does not hold for the individual writing process areas (planning, transcription, editing, and revising). Among the four process areas, the largest number of studies is of technologies to support transcription with revising the next most frequent and few studies of planning/organization and editing. Comparison of the historical trends in research to trends in technology development revealed that little new research investigating basic digital writing support tools, as used by students with learning and academic disabilities, has appeared in the last 10 years despite the growth and development of technology. Across the total corpus of applied research studies, basic evidence-based practice criteria related to number of studies and number of participants was not met in the areas of planning and organization, editing, and revising technologies. Applied research studies of the effectiveness of transcription tools nearly meet the criteria for number of studies and number of participants, and nearly enough to warrant further analysis of study quality and effect sizes. Taken together these findings underscore the critical need for further research on the effectiveness of contemporary technologies to support compositional writing.
Emotional arousal and the automatic detection of musical phrase boundaries

This study investigated correspondences between listeners’ emotional responses to an orchestral work and the underlying phrase structure. An algorithm for the automatic detection of musical phrase boundaries was developed, based on listeners’ continuous ratings of perceived emotion with a two-dimensional tool (valence and arousal). Rates of change in arousal (velocity) and change in change in arousal (acceleration) for each musical phrase were combined into a single metric. Similarity in listeners’ responses for musically related phrases was higher than those for musically contrasting phrases. Based on listeners’ responses to identical sections, a recursive algorithm identified all phrase boundaries. These findings indicate novel measures of change in listeners’ emotional arousal that correspond with musical phrase structure.
Java 7's Dual-Pivot Quicksort

Recently, a new Quicksort variant due to Yaroslavskiy was chosen as standard sorting method for Oracle's Java 7 runtime library. The decision for the change was based on empirical studies showing that on average, the new algorithm is faster than the formerly used classic Quicksort. Surprisingly, the improvement was achieved by using a dual pivot approach — an idea that was considered not promising by several theoretical studies in the past. In this thesis, I try to find the reason for this unexpected success. My focus is on the precise and detailed average case analysis, aiming at the flavor of Knuth's series “The Art of Computer Programming”. In particular, I go beyond abstract measures like counting key comparisons, and try to understand the efficiency of the algorithms at different levels of abstraction. Whenever possible, precise expected values are preferred to asymptotic approximations. This rigor ensures that (a) the sorting methods discussed here are actually usable in practice and (b) that the analysis results contribute to a sound comparison of the Quicksort variants.
Teaching digital design with tool-oriented learning modules "living pictures"

Teaching technical basics in computer science typically requires explaining complex interdependence and dynamic processes. Design methods as well as methods to verify the design have to be taught in a way that students can understand the algorithms behind and use them during a design process. We discuss a set of learning modules, developed during the last four years, which can be used as tools during the design process of digital circuits. In that way we realize a form of "learning by doing" via the Internet.
The Impact of a Curricular Innovation on Prospective EFL Teachers' Attitudes towards ICT Integration into Language Instruction.

This paper investigates whether the new EFL teacher training curriculum provides an efficient ICT training or not through both a quantitative and a partially qualitative research methodology. One hundred twenty- four prospective EFL teachers participated in this study and the results of a series of Independent Samples T-tests highlight that the prospective teachers having five ICT-related courses displayed better attitudes in comparison to those not completing this training period by reflecting that the success of technology integration into education varies from curriculum to curriculum, depending on the ways in which it is applied. In this study, parametric analysis such as Independent samples t-Test was utilized to explore any statistically significant differences between prospective EFL teachers’ ICT attitudes before and after ICT-interwoven training. Moreover, the qualitative information was analyzed from the transcriptions of the interviews, and synthesized with the results from the quantitative study. A questionnaire made up of nine items and an interview consisting of nine questions were employed as data collection tools.
Performance evaluation of cellular packet CDMA networks with transmit power constraints

A throughput analysis is presented of cellular spread spectrum CDMA packet networks with transmit power control limitations. Scenarios in which regulatory and/or equipment considerations limit the maximum transmitted power are considered with the objective of assessing the impact on system capacity. An analytical model is developed for an architecture in which uniformly distributed remote stations use asynchronous direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) to access base stations laid out in a square grid pattern. The model is used to assess the degradation in system performance caused by transmit power constraints, both in terms of a global capacity measure (average throughput per unit area) and a service uniformity measure (local packet success probability function). <<ETX>>
Analysis and numerical solution of nonlinear Volterra partial integrodifferential equations modeling swelling porous materials

A nonlinear Volterra partial integrodifferential equation (VPIDE), derived using hybrid mixture theory and used to model swelling porous materials, is analyzed and solved numerically. The model application is an immersed porous material imbibing fluid through a cylinder’s exterior boundary. A poignant example comes from the pharmaceutical industry where controlled release, drugdelivery systems are comprised of materials that permit nearly constant drug concentration profiles. In the considered application the release is controlled by the viscoelastic properties of a porous polymer network that swells when immersed in stomach fluid, consequently increasing the pore sizes and allowing the drug to escape. The VPIDE can be viewed as a combination of a non-linear diffusion equation and a constitutive equation modeling the viscoelastic effects. The viscoelastic model is expressed as an integral equation, thus adding an integral term to the non-linear partial differential equation. While this integral term poses both theoretical and numerical challenges, it provides fertile ground for interpretation and analysis. Analysis of the VPIDE includes an existence and uniqueness proof which
Network Synchronization of Random Signals

This paper presents a unified mathematical model for studying the behavior of various network synchronization techniques, e.g., plesiochronous or independent clocks, hierarchical master-slave, delay-compensated and uncompensated network models are presented in the form of a set of nonlinear space-time matrix equations in which network interconnection matrices are manifested. Each equation in the set characterizes the diffusion of phase (time) and frequency generated at each network node. The matrices of this model define the topological structure of the network. The time-frequency model is used to characterize the timefrequency stability of the network clock ensemble. Expressions for the steady-state network frequency and the time differences between nodal clocks are derived and compared for plesiochronous, delay compensated and uncompensated networks. A network frequency stability measure is introduced, evaluated and performance comparisons are made for specific network configurations. Finally, we illustrate the steady-state frequency stability achievable when M subnetworks are connected to form a larger network.
Performance of the cross-correlator receiver for binary digital frequency modulation

The error probability of the cross-correlator receiver for binary digital frequency modulation (FM) is studied using theoretical analysis and computer simulations. The bit error rate (BER) results obtained permit the selection of an optimum combination of modulation index and receiver bandwidth. The BER performance of the cross-correlator is compared to that of the limiter-discriminator and found to be similar. This is noteworthy because the structure of the cross-correlator is ideally suited to DSP chip implementation and furthermore severe amplitude limiting does not have to be performed on the input signal to the receiver. Input signal amplitude variations of up to 20% of the average signal value can be tolerated with a 1 dB loss in performance. The receiver structure has the same form as for QPSK or QAM modulation. Thus a generalized demodulator that would demodulate QPSK, QAM or digital FM can be realized. The theoretical analysis [Farrell, 1993] of the receiver uses a Fourier series approach [Tjhung and Whittke, 1970] which takes into account the effects of FM distortion and intersymbol interference (ISI). Theoretical and simulation results are found to agree within 0.5 dB in E/sub b//N/sub o/. The authors also address the issue of timing recovery. Results obtained indicate that losses due to timing error can be reduced to less than 0.5 dB in E/sub b//N/sub o/.
Time-scale decomposition in voltage stability analysis of power systems

Singular perturbation analysis is applied to a number of power system problems related to voltage stability: 1) the generator dynamics in a multimachine power system are accurately decomposed into voltage and frequency (electromechanical) dynamics; 2) the quasi-steady state representation of generators for the simulation of slow voltage transients is explained and justified; and 3) the singularity of algebraic constraints leading to what is called "loss of causality" is found to be equivalent to the instability of faster, unmodeled dynamics of network and loads.
Comparative evaluation of fixed and adaptive soft handoff parameters using fuzzy inference systems in CDMA mobile communication systems

Two presented soft handoff (SHO) algorithms based on a fuzzy inference system (FIS) aim to increase the values of T-DROP and SHO Window (SHW), and T-ADD, in the first and second proposed algorithms, respectively in order to release the traffic channel at high traffic loads for increasing the carried traffic, and to decrease those values in the proposed algorithms in order to add the traffic channel in an active set at low traffic loads for increasing the quality of the traffic channel. These proposed FIS SHO algorithms can reduce the new call blocking probability (P/sub B/) and handoff call blocking probability (P/sub HO/) when compared with IS-95A, IS-95B/cdma2000 SHO and FIS SHO with various fixed SHW and adapted T-DROP while still keeping an acceptable low outage probability.