Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined extracapsular cataract extraction with ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in phacomorphic glaucoma.

PURPOSE To report a retrospective analysis of a combined procedure of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with heparin surface modified (HSM) posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation along with primary Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in an attempt to optimize visual acuity gains and intraocular pressure (IOP) control in patients with phacomorphic glaucoma. METHODS ECCE with HSM PC IOL and AGV implantation was performed through two separate incisions in 15 patients diagnosed with phacomorphic glaucoma. Postoperative improvement in visual acuity and IOP control were monitored. RESULTS A steady control of IOP was maintained in all patients with minimum anti-glaucoma medications. The average visual acuity was approximately 6/24 at 3 months. CONCLUSION Superior preoperative IOP control and a shorter phacomorphic attack resulted in better postoperative vision. The successful maintenance of IOP within the desired range in this study suggests that the procedure should be performed under similar conditions.
Multi-objective optimization route selection and resource allocation in wireless multi-hop cooperative cognitive radio sensor networks based on OFDMA

Following spectrum constraints cognitive radio is introduced, as a technology to eliminate the imbalance between the lack of spectrum and unused spectrum. On the other hand, use of sensors also become more widespread, as in the near future will be an integral part of human life. So network topology in this paper is based on a Wireless Multi-Hop cooperative Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks based on OFDMA. in the objective of optimizing different types of end-to-end performance. Aiming to solve it optimally, we first show that this problem of optimal resource allocation and hopes can be formulated as a convex optimization problem and identify its necessary and sufficient conditions. Based on this conclusion, KKT conditions apply to the issue and the optimal solution can be found at any phase. we propose fmincon function in MATLAB that uses Lagrangian duality theory. The scheme thus converges to a globally optimal solution. Resource allocation and route selection is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem. that one of its objectives is to find the optimal amount of hops and the second is considered to maximize the data transfer rate.also the effect of Interference Temperature constraints is reviewed.
Pharmacokinetics of the Enantiomers of Mepivacaine After Intravenous Administration of the Racemate in Volunteers

The pharmacokinetics of R(-)-mepivacaine and S(+)-mepivacaine were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers. The volunteers received racemic mepivacaine, hydrochloride (dose 60 mg) via a 10-min intravenous infusion. Blood samples were collected at gradually increasing intervals until 8 h after the start of the infusion. Plasma concentrations of the enantiomers were determined with a stereoselective high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. Unbound fractions of the enantiomers were determined using equilibrium dialysis. The unbound fraction of R(-)-mepivacaine (mean +/- SD: 35.6% +/- 4.5%) was larger (P < 0.0001) than that of S(+)-mepivacaine (25.1% +/- 4.6%). The total plasma clearance and steady-state volume of distribution of R(-)-mepivacaine, based on total plasma concentrations (total plasma clearance [CL] = 0.79 +/- 0.12 L/min; volume of distribution at steady state [Vss] = 103 +/- 14 L) as well as on unbound plasma concentrations (plasma clearance of unbound drug [CLu] = 2.24 +/- 0.30 L/min; volume of distribution of unbound drug at steady state [V (uss)] = 290 +/- 32 L), were larger (P < 0.0001) than those of S(+)-mepivacaine (CL = 0.35 +/- 0.06 L/min; Vss = 57 +/- 7 L; CLu = 1.43 +/- 0.24 L/min; Vuss = 232 +/- 30 L). The terminal half-life (t1/2,Z) and mean residence time (MRT) of R(-)-mepivacaine (t1/2,Z = 113 +/- 17 min; MRT = 131 +/- 15 min) were shorter than those of S(+)-mepivacaine (t1/2,Z = 123 +/- 20 min, P < 0.02; MRT = 165 +/- 24 min, P < 0.0001). This study demonstrated a marked difference in the pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of mepivacaine. The stereoselectivity can be partially explained by a difference in the plasma protein binding of the enantiomers. (Anesth Analg 1997;84:85-9)
Celecoxib-related gastroduodenal ulcer and cardiovascular events in a randomized trial for gastric cancer prevention.

AIM To evaluate the long-term risk of gastroduodenal ulcer and cardiovascular events induced by celecoxib in a population-based, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. METHODS From 2004 to 2006, a total of 1024 Chinese patients (aged 35 to 64 years) with severe chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia were randomly assigned to receive 200 mg of celecoxib twice daily or placebo in Linqu County (Shandong Province, China), a high-risk area of gastric cancer. All gastroduodenal ulcer and cardiovascular events occurred were recorded and the patients were followed up for 1.5 years after treatment. At the end of the trial, a systematic interview survey about other adverse events was conducted. RESULTS Gastroduodenal ulcer was detected in 19 of 463 (3.72%) patients who received celecoxib and 17 of 473 (3.31%) patients who received placebo, respectively (odds ratio = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.58-2.19). Cardiovascular (CV) events occurred in 4 patients who received celecoxib and in 5 patients who received placebo, respectively. Compared with those who received placebo, patients who received celecoxib had no significant increase in occurrence of CV events (hazard ratio = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.23-3.15). Among the adverse events acquired by interview survey, only the frequency of bloating was significantly higher in patients treated with celecoxib than in those treated with placebo. CONCLUSION Treatment of gastric cancer with celecoxib is not associated with increased risk of gastroduodenal ulcer and cardiovascular events.
Frequency of respiratory function disorders among dental laboratory technicians working under conditions of high dust concentration.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dental laboratory technicians (DLTs) have much exposure to mineralogical dust that may have adverse effects on their lung health. The aim of our study was to investigate occupational dust exposure, and to determine the frequency of respiratory function disorders and radiologic abnormalities among DLTs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study enrolled 94 DLTs who were exposed to dust in dental laboratories and 94 control subjects. Dust concentrations in the workplaces were measured. RESULTS The mean age of DLTs was 30.70 ± 9.84 years. No significant difference was found between the DLTs and the control groups for age or smoking status (p > 0.05). Spirometric values for the DLTs were found to be lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The mean working period for DLTs was 9.19±5.9 years. The pulmonary function test results for the DLTs showed that 65.9% had a normal pattern, 22.4% were restrictive, and 11.7% showed obstructive type pulmonary function disorder. Negative correlations were found between the working period time and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second in the DLTs (R = -0.675 p = 0.000). Negative correlations were also found between working period time and Forced Vital Capacity in the DLTs (R = -0.720 p = 0.000). All DLTs had chest X-rays and 16 (17%) of them showed radiological pneumoconiosis. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a negative association between level of respiratory function and working period in DLTs.
The Impact of Remittances on Central Bank Balance Sheets and Inflation in Nepal

Starting from a set of stylized central bank balance sheets, we analyze how central bank policies influence the inflationary impact of remittances. We also estimate the impact of remittances on inflation empirically, using a Vectorautoregression (VAR) framework and a quarterly data set from Nepal. We find this impact to be positive, even after controlling for inflation from India. The domestic monetary base, on the other hand, has lost significance as an independent factor for inflation in the latest 10 years of our sample period. This evidence is consistent with the "impossible trinity" hypothesis. In the conclusions we discuss policy options to accommodate large remittances inflows.
An evaluation of statistical process control techniques applied to blood component quality monitoring with particular reference to CUSUM

Statistical process control (SPC) is used to monitor the performance of blood component collection and production processes in the UK and elsewhere. The sensitivity of the applied technique(s) needs to be matched to the clinical importance of the parameter being monitored such that significant deviations in the process mean and/or variability of critical parameters (e.g. the leucocyte content of leucodepleted components) are detected and investigated immediately.
Dynamic expression patterns of tenascin, proteoglycans, and cell adhesion molecules during human hair follicle morphogenesis

The development of skin appendages such as hair, feathers, and teeth is brought about by reciprocal interactions between epidermal and mesenchymal tissues and is thought to be influenced in part by cell adhesion molecules and components of the extracellular matrix. The developmental distributions of tenascin, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), E‐cadherin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), and the heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan were studied in relation to hair follicle morphogenesis in fetal human skin. Tenascin first appeared in developing skin in focal concentrations at the epidermal‐mesenchymal interface, just prior to, and presumably correlated with, hair follicle initiation. Tenascin immunostaining remained prominent in the basement membrane zone and extracellular matrix of the follicle sheath during subsequent morphogenetic stages. Two forms of tenascin (Mr 250 × 103 and 280–300 × 103), were revealed by Western blots of skin extracts. NCAM immunolabeling was initially present throughout the dermis, and became progressively restricted to the dermal condensation and the follicle sheath. Western blot analysis revealed an isoform of NCAM (Mr 160 × 103) which lacked polysialic acid. At all stages, E‐cadherin staining was diminished on follicle cells situated adjacent to the basement membrane, relative to cells in the follicle interior. Follicle‐specific immunostaining for ICAM‐1 was transient, appearing only at the pre‐germ and hair germ stages of development. Antibodies to three distinct CSPG determinants revealed unique immunolabeling patterns following follicle initiation: One CSPG epitope co‐distributed with tenascin in the follicle basement membrane and follicle sheath extracellular matrix; one CSPG epitope was similarly expressed, and was also found on follicle epithelial cells; and the third CSPG determinant was noticeably absent from the follicle sheath during elongation of the developing appendage. Perlecan was concentrated in the dermal papilla, in addition to its distribution in all skin basement membranes. A model for how these diverse molecules may inter/act to influence human hair follicle morphogenesis is presented. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
POLYANDRY AND FITNESS OF OFFSPRING REARED UNDER VARYING NUTRITIONAL STRESS IN DECORATED CRICKETS

Abstract Females, by mating with more than one male in their lifetime, may reduce their risk of receiving sperm from genetically incompatible sires or increase their prospects of obtaining sperm from genetically superior sires. Although there is evidence of both kinds of genetic benefits in crickets, their relative importance remains unclear, and the extent to which experimentally manipulated levels of polyandry in the laboratory correspond to those that occur in nature remain unknown. We measured lifetime polyandry of free-living female decorated crickets, Gryllodes sigillatus, and conducted an experiment to determine whether polyandry leads to an increase in offspring viability. We experimentally manipulated both the levels of polyandry and opportunities for females to select among males, randomly allocating the offspring of experimental females to high-food-stress or low-food-stress regimes to complete their development. Females exhibited a high degree of polyandry, mating on average with more than seven different males during their lifetime and up to as many as 15. Polyandry had no effect on either the developmental time or survival of offspring. However, polyandrous females produced significantly heavier sons than those of monandrous females, although there was no difference in the adult mass of daughters. There was no significant interaction between mating treatment and offspring nutritional regimen in their effects on offspring mass, suggesting that benefits accruing to female polyandry are independent of the environment in which offspring develop. The sex difference in the extent to which male and female offspring benefit via their mother's polyandry may reflect possible differences in the fitness returns from sons and daughters. The larger mass gain shown by sons of polyandrous females probably leads to their increased reproductive success, either because of their increased success in sperm competition or because of their increased life span.
Occupational rubber glove allergy: results of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), 1995–2001

About 21% of the patients with occupational contact dermatitis registered in the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) in the years 1995–2001 were patch tested due to suspected rubber glove allergy. We analysed reaction frequencies to thiurams, dithiocarbamates, mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and its derivatives, thioureas, and 1,3‐diphenylguanidine (1,3‐DPG). Thiurams were by far the most frequent rubber allergens in these patients (16.2% positive reactions, age‐ and sex‐standardized), and the reaction frequency showed a decline from 20.9% in 1997 to 12.8% in 2000. However, this trend was not statistically significant, and was followed by an increase to 16.5% in 2001. All other rubber allergens showed no time trend at all. Although, according to manufacturers' information, the use of dithiocarbamates and MBT derivatives in rubber glove production increased in recent years, these allergens elicited positive reactions in only about 3% of the patients tested, and showed no increasing trend. Thioureas and 1,3‐DPG are not widely used in rubber glove production, and play only a minor role in rubber glove contact allergy. Most of the positive reactions to 1,3‐DPG are probably false‐positive, irritant reactions.
Synaptic input to an ON parasol ganglion cell in the macaque retina: A serial section analysis

A labeled ON parasol ganglion cell from a macaque retina was analyzed in serial, ultrathin sections. It received 13% of its input from diffuse bipolar cells. These directed a large proportion of their output to amacrine cells but received a relatively small proportion of their amacrine cell input via feedback synapses. In these respects, they were similar to the DB3 bipolar cells that make synapses onto OFF parasol cells. Bipolar cell axons that contacted the ON parasol cell in stratum 4 of the inner plexiform layer always made synapses onto the dendrite, and therefore, the number of bipolar cell synapses onto these ganglion cells could be estimated reliably by light microscopy in the future. Amacrine cells provided the majority of inputs to the ON parasol cell. Only a few of the presynaptic amacrine cell processes received inputs from the same bipolar cells as the parasol cells, and most of the presynaptic amacrine cell processes did not receive any inputs at all within the series. These findings suggest that most of the inhibitory input to the ON parasol cell originates from other areas of the retina. Amacrine cells presynaptic to the parasol ganglion cell interacted very infrequently with other neurons in the circuit, and therefore, they would be expected to act independently, for the most part.
Cross-cultural factors in disclosure of intimate partner violence: an integrated review.

AIM This paper is a report of an integrated review to identify cross-cultural factors that have an impact on women's disclosure of intimate partner violence, specifically related to Mexican-American women. BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence was once recognized as a private matter. Disclosure is a complex concept; furthermore in our multi-cultural society, a woman's decision whether or not to disclose abuse can be attributed to several factors influenced by her culture. DATA SOURCES The World Wide Web and multiple databases including Academic Premier, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsychArticles, PsychInfo, Medline, Eric, MedicLatina, and Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection were searched for studies published between 1996 and 2007. METHODS A search was conducted using databases including the CINAHL, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, ERIC and MedicLatina. Both qualitative and quantitative studies published between May 1996 and July 2007 were included. Forty-two studies were included in the review. Appraisal of study quality was not undertaken. RESULTS Fear was the most common cross-cultural factor interfering with disclosure. Most of the literature examines factors influencing and interfering with disclosure of abuse among white and African-American women. Only one study was found to include a sample of Mexican-American women. CONCLUSION Increased efforts are needed to understand disclosure of intimate partner violence in minority women so that service providers can tailor services and ways to encourage disclosure with appropriate strategies based on women's culture. Further research is needed to understand the lived experiences of minority women, including Mexican-American women living in intimate partner violence.
CORE CONTENT TEACHERS' PREPARDENESS AND PERCEPTION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN CENTRAL OHIO SCHOOLS

Crumbacher, Christine Ann. M.A., Department of Teacher Education, College of Education and Human Services, Intervention Specialist Program, Wright State University, 2007. Core Content Teachers’ Preparedness and Perceptions of Inclusive Education in Central Ohio Schools. The purpose of this study was to survey core content teachers’ (CCTs) perceptions of working with children with disabilities in the subject areas of English, math, science and social studies in two school districts (referred to as school district 1 and 2). The survey consisted of 3 subscales: internal, external and social and were formatted in a Likert-type scale. The research questions in this study are: 1. ) Do CCTs feel prepared to teach students with disabilities across districts and buildings based on the internal subscale? 2. ) Do schools prepare CCTs to teach students with disabilities across districts and buildings based on the external subscale? 3. ) Do CCTs see social improvements in students with disabilities across districts and buildings based on the social subscale? 4. ) Does subject taught by the CCT have an overall effect on how inclusion is perceived based on the internal and external subscales? 5. ) Do age, gender, degree awarded and district influence the way CCTs perceive inclusion based on the external subscale. With a significance level α = . 05, the perceptions of CCTs regarding how their school districts prepare them to teach students with disabilities are influenced by gender (p-value = .0149) and marginally by school district (p-value = .0804). Degree, age or building types did not have important influences on these perceptions. No other significant results were observed.
Alterations in physiological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with exposure to copper and copper/zinc mixtures.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to sublethal concentrations of copper (Cu, 14 microgram/liter) and zinc (Zn, 57 and 81 microgram/liter) for a 21-day period. The four treatments included a control, a Cu control, a Cu and low-Zn treatment and a Cu and high-Zn treatment. Selected parameters [e.g., hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), plasma glucose, lactate and cortisol, differential leukocyte count, respiratory burst, tissue metal concentrations, hepatic metallothionein (MT), brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] were evaluated at 2, 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure. Whole blood and plasma parameters were not altered by exposure to metals. The percentage of lymphocytes was consistently decreased in the three metal treatments, while percentages of neutrophils and monocytes were increased. Respiratory burst activity was elevated in all metal treatments. Gill Zn concentration was highly variable, with no significant alterations occurring. Gill Cu concentration was elevated above control levels in all metal treatments. Gill Cu concentration in the two Cu/Zn treatments was also elevated above levels in the Cu control. Hepatic metal concentrations and MT levels were not altered from control values. Measurements of brain AChE indicated an elevation in this parameter across metal treatments. In general, alterations in physiological parameters appeared to be due to Cu, with Zn having no interactive effect.
Fibrinolytic Response to Retinal Detachment Surgery under General or Local Anesthesia

Purpose To evaluate perioperative changes in fibrinolysis in patients undergoing retinal detachment surgery under general or local anesthesia. Patients Prospective study of 81 patients (43 male, 38 female), aged from 15 to 82 (mean 50.7 SD = 17.8) years, undergoing retinal detachment surgery (encirclement with scleral buckling) under general anesthesia (group A), and 14 patients (6 male, 8 female) aged from 15 to 78 (mean 52.9, SD =19.8) years, operated under local anesthesia (group B). Excluded were patients with venous or arterial disease or other factors that could change the parameters investigated. Methods Blood was sampled from a cubital vein one day before surgery, immediately after induction of anesthesia but before surgery, immediately after completion of the operation but before the termination of anesthesia and after the operation (on days 1 and 4). In patients' citrated plasma, tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA-Ag), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 antigen (PAI-1 Ag) and activity (PAI-1), fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and euglobulin lysis time (ELT) were measured. Results The pattern of changes in perioperative fibrinolytic activity was similar in both groups. Intraoperative levels of FDP were significantly higher and ELT shorter than preoperatively. In both groups t-PA Ag concentration was significantly increased on the first postoperative day. There were no changes in PAI-1 in both groups. Postoperatively, the FDP concentration was reduced and ELT prolonged. Conclusions Retinal detachment surgery induces intraoperative activation of fibrinolysis in the systemic circulation regardless of the type of anesthesia.