Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acceptance and integration of biofortified vitamin A maize into common diets

Micronutrient deficiency ranks high as one of the public health challenges facing developing countries. Muti-faceted approaches have been put in place to reduce the impact of this problem, and among them is the promotion and dissemination of staple crops bred to deliberately have higher levels of selected micronutrients like vitamin A. In the Northen part of Zambia, HarvestPlus, working with other partners has been promoting orange maize rich in vitamin A among poor members of the community organized into Livelihoods Enhancement Groups (LEGs). A survey was conducted among households that belong to LEG sand took part in the cultivation of orange Vitamin A Maize (VAM). After the first year in which the community was introduced to biofortified VAM, LEGs grew it in group plots, shared the produce after the harvest and had their first home use. These households were followed up with a survey that asked a range of questions and interviews were conducted with a sample of 96 households which were randomly selected from the list of those that cultivated and shared the produce. The author descriptively assess how well VAM has been integrated into common diets. Findings show that almost all households like VAM as compared to both cassava and white maize meal, the two other staples in Northern Zambia. In all the forms in which it was cooked, households liked it. There are, however, fewer households who reported mixing VAM flour and cassava flour- something which is common with white maize flour. There are no differences in the likability of VAM across districts and gender. The reasons advanced for preference of VAM include; its nutritional content, its taste and the ability of households to prepare nshima (thick porridge) using less VAM flour as compared to cassava and white maize flour. Farmers also like VAM agronomically because it is an early maturing variety and for its double cobbing characteristic. These results provide a mix of agronomic and consumption attributes that can be used in the promotion of VAM and have implications for further research: need to scientifically test some of the perceived benefits households reported like using less VAM maize flour than white maize flour for cooking same amount of nshima and it being more filling. Key words: Biofortification, integration of food, common diets.
New Financial Activity Indexes: Early Warning System for Financial Imbalances in Japan

This paper describes Financial Activity Indexes (FAIXs), early warning system for financial imbalances in Japan. We introduced the first version of FAIXs in 2012 and revise FAIXs this time. First, we sort the candidate financial indicators into 14 categories. Second, in each category, we examine the usefulness of candidate indicators from two perspectives: (a) whether the indicator can detect the overheating of financial activities in the Japan's Heisei bubble period, which occurred around the late 1980s and had a major impact on Japan's economy and financial activities; and (b) whether the indicator successfully minimizes various statistical errors involved in forecasting future events. In the examination, multiple possibilities are explored with respect to methods used for extracting trends from indicators and thresholds employed for assessing that the deviation of an indicator from its trend constitutes overheating. As a result of choosing the one indicator considered most useful in each category, two of the ten financial indicators comprising the existing FAIXs are abandoned, one is retained, three are revised in terms of trend extraction methods, and four are revised in terms of data processing methods. The 14 indicators, including these eight and six newly selected, now constitute the new FAIXs.
Investigation of Relationship between Level of Awareness around Health, Safety and Environment Management System and Its Effects on Safety Climate and Risk Perception by Employees in an Iran Oil Refinery, 2015

Special attention of and oil, gas and petrochemical large corporation in the world to the HSE management system is due to its importance in the designing and development of products, services and processes by considering its health, safety and environment requirements. Staff's perception of the existing job risks has a significant impact on their safe behavior at work. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between safety climate and staff's perception of risk with an awareness level among employees of the HSE management system in an oil refinery in Kermanshah. The study population was employees in one of the oil refineries in Iran. After designing and questionnaire psychometric assessment of staff knowledge of HSE management system (Cronbach's alpha was 0.9 and its validity was assessed by certified professionals), Loughborough safety climate questionnaire and Flin risk perception questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS V22 software. Results showed that the relationship between safety climate and awareness level of the HSE management system; also the relationship between safety climate and perception of risk was also getting significant. However, the relationship between perception of risk and awareness level of the HSE management system was not significant. The results of this study showed a moderate awareness of HSE Management System in refinery workers. In this regard, appropriate and proper management policy should be committed to improving the situation. The results of this study is a profile the situation of safety climate in the refinery, which can be used as an indicator for the development of preventive policies and evaluate the performance of the organization's safety and the results of the safety improvement organization.
Genetic Diversity of High and Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Algerian Aegilops geniculata

Aegilops geniculata Roth is an annual grass relative to cultivated wheat and is widely distributed in North Algeria. Endosperm storage proteins of wheat and its relatives, namely glutenins and gliadins, play an important role in dough properties and bread making quality. In the present study, the different alleles encoded at the four glutenin loci ( Glu-M1, Glu-U1, Glu-M3 and Glu-U3 ) were identified from thirty five accessions of the tetraploid wild wheat A. geniculata collected in Algeria using Sodium dodecyl Sulfate - Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). At Glu - M1 and Glu - U1 loci, encoding high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) or A-subunits, 15 and 12 alleles were observed respectively, including one new subunit. B-Low molecular weight glutenin subunits zone (B-LMW-GS) displayed a far greater variation, as 28 and 25 alleles were identified at loci Glu - M3 and Glu - U3 respectively. Thirty two subunits patterns were revealed at the C subunits- zone and a total of thirty four patterns resulted from the genetic combination of the two zones (B- and C-zone). The wide range of glutenin subunits variation (high molecular weight glutenin subunits and low molecular weight glutenin subunits) in this species has the potential to enhance the genetic variability for improving the quality of wheat. /span>
A power sharing control for microgrids based on extrapolation of injecting power and power-angle control

Droop controlled power sharing with an assumption that the value of line impedance is unavailable has been proven to have limitations; the power sharing is problematic in systems with significantly resistive lines. Furthermore, when the droop is applied in the islanding mode of operation of a microgrid, the system is likely to become unstable. In this paper, the droop control is replaced by an analytical solution. The proposed approach of power sharing is powerangle control of distributed generators (DGs), such as voltage source converters, a type of DG with extrapolation of power injected to the connected bus. It is demonstrated that the power injection to the bus could be tracked within the DG’s capacity autonomously. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the approach and it is shown that the proposed approach is suitable for DGs with either inductive or resistive line impedance. Moreover, this method can be operated in complex networks, such as meshed networks.
Fetal RHD and RHCE Genotyping in Plasma of Rh Negative Pregnant Women

Aim: To assess the accuracy of RHD and RHCE genotyping by real-time PCR, through the analysis of fetal DNA in plasma samples of Rh negative pregnant women. Methods: The study consisted in the collection of two tubes of blood (each with 3 ml) from 19 RhD negative pregnant women that attended the obstetric consultation at the District Hospital of Figueira da Foz, E.P.E. One of the samples was used to perform blood typing and the other was used for fetal DNA extraction. The Rh genotype was determined by real-time PCR with specific primers and Taqman ® probes for RHD, RHC, RHE, SRY and GLO genes. Results: In 88.2% of cases (15/17) the RHD genotype was concordant with the phenotyping data, with 1 false-positive result (5.9%) and a precision of 94% (pvalue=0.001; K=76.7%). For the RHC gene, there was concordance in 60% of cases (6/10), with 4 false-negative results (40%) and a precision of 60% (pvalue=0,175; K=31%). Relatively to the RHE gene, the concordance achieved was 100% (10/10), with a precision of also 100% (pvalue=0.002; K=100%). Conclusion: The present study confirms the precision of fetal RHD and RHE genotyping in maternal plasma. Performing a similar study with a superior number of samples could allow the implementation of this non-invasive prenatal diagnostic test in laboratorial and clinical routine, in order to follow pregnancies at risk for developing Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.
Crystal structure of synthetic Mg3Cr2Si3O12, the high-pressure Cr end-member of the knorringite-pyrope garnet series

Knorringite, the Cr-end-member of the pyrope garnet series (Nixon et al. 1968), often occur in high proportions in kimberlite garnets and is thus used for tracing high-pressure deep-earth conditions favorable to the formation of diamonds, in which knorringite-rich garnet can occur as inclusions. However, although the synthesis of knorringite is reported in the literature (Ringwood 1977; Irifune et al. 1982; Taran et al. 2004), the structure of the pure end-member has not been yet determined from experimental data. In this study, the crystal structure of knorringite, Mg3Cr2(SiO4)3, has been refined from high resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data recorded under ambient conditions on a polycrystalline sample synthesized at 12 GPa in a multi-anvil apparatus. The structure is cubic, space group Ia-3d, a = 11.5935(1), V = 1558.27(4) {\AA}3, dcalc = 3.97 g.cm-3. The Cr-O distance of 1.957(2) {\AA} is consistent with EXAFS results on the same sample. This short distance indicates a substantial compression of the CrO6 octahedron, compared to ambient pressure Cr3+-minerals such as uvarovite ( = 1.99 {\AA}, Andrut and Wildner 2002). Our experimental results thus confirm early empirical predictions based on series of high-pressure Cr-garnet end-members (Fursenko 1981), showing that the values of the Cr-O distance and the Cr-O-Si angle decrease with the augmentation of pressure and with the diminution of the size of the divalent cation.
Character strengths of adolescent survivors of childhood cancer

There is increased interest in possible positive outcomes for survivors of childhood cancer. This study investigated the manifestation of character strengths in adolescents who have survived cancer compared to that seen in healthy adolescents. The aim was to establish whether specific character strengths may be more prominent in adolescents who have survived cancer than in healthy adolescents. Two groups of participants, consisting of adolescents who have survived childhood cancer ( n = 21) and a group of healthy adolescents ( n = 21), were obtained through convenience sampling. They completed the Values in Action Inventory for Youth (VIAYouth)(Park & Peterson 2006) as a measure of character strengths. No significant differences were found between the character strengths of adolescents who have survived cancer and their healthy peers, unlike the findings of a similar earlier study with adults (Peterson, Park & Seligman 2006). It is concluded that the experience of serious illness such as cancer neither hindered nor enhanced the development of character strengths in this group of adolescent survivors. More research is needed to understand positive psychological functioning in the aftermath of childhood cancer. Opsomming Daar is toenemende belangstelling in moontlike positiewe uitkomste vir kinders wat kanker oorleef het. Hierdie studie het ondersoek hoe karaktersterktes na vore kom in adolessente wat as kinders met kanker gediagnoseer is in vergelyking met die in ‘n groep gesonde adolessente. Die studie het ten doel gehad om vas te stel of spesifieke karaktersterktes meer opvallend na vore kom in adolessente wat kanker oorleef het. Die deelnemers is deur middel van gerieflikheidsteekproefneming gekies. Die twee groepe het bestaan uit adolessente wat as kinders met kanker gediagnoseer is ( n = 21) en ‘n groep gesonde adolessente ( n = 21). Deelnemers het die Values in Action Inventory for Youth (VIA-Youth) (Park & Peterson 2006)voltooi ten einde karaktersterktes te bepaal. Daar was geen beduidende verskil tussen die karaktersterktes van die adolessente wat kanker oorleef het en die gesonde groep nie, anders as met ‘n soortgelyke vroeere studie onder volwassenes (Peterson, Park & Seligman 2006). Dit blyk dat die ervaring wat met ernstige siekte soos kanker gepaardgaan, ontwikkeling van karaktersterktes nog bevorder nog belemmer het in hierdie groep adolessente kankeroorwinnaars. Verdere navorsing is nodig om aspekte van positiewe sielkundige funksionering in adolessente kankeroorwinnaars te verstaan.
Critical Thinking and Iranian EFL Context

The advent of the information diffusion emanating from the information technology of the third millennium along with the revamped concept of literacy and intellectual understanding, and the demand for accountability as one of the prerequisites of modern societies has given birth to a movement resting on the idea that schools should be less concerned with imparting information and requiring the memorization of empirical data. Dealing with the extraordinary challenges of today's information society requires autonomous citizens equipped with "critical competence" (Feuerstein, 1999) whose meta-knowing is to be ameliorated through curriculum. The present study is an attempt to sketch the concept of critical thinking as a viable alternative in language education in Iranian EFL context. First, a number of definitions, along with the dimensions, of the concept from various scholars' viewpoints are put forward. Second, the typical features of critical thinkers and what resources they need are introduced. Third, the relation between critical thinking and learner autonomy is examined. Fourth, the relation between critical thinking and the instructional process is investigated. And finally, the issue from both theoretical and pedagogical standpoints in the contemporary Iranian EFL context is reviewed.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY MEASURES IN RURAL ZIMBABWE

Despite development of numerous food security measures for humanitarian emergency programs, there is limited research on which food security measures complement each other. A comparative analysis of household food security measures, that is, household hunger scale, food consumption score, and consolidated approach for reporting food security indicators, utilizing Zimbabwe Vulnerability Assessment Committee 2014 Rural Livelihoods Assessment data, was conducted in Zimbabwe. According to the results, the household hunger score produced the least levels of food insecurity, followed by the consolidated approach for reporting food security indicators while the food consumption score produced the highest food insecurity prevalence. The consolidated approach for reporting food security indicators is recommended for supporting long-term chronic food insecurity interventions and the household hunger score for food security assessments to inform emergency relief. Further research is required to refine and contextualize the food consumption score cut-off points to rural Zimbabwe.
On the timing behaviour of PSR B1259-63 under the propeller torque from a transient accretion disc

The $\gamma$-ray pulsar binary system PSR B1259-63 flares in GeV after each periastron. The origin of those flares is still under debate. Recently, [2017ApJ.844. 114Y] proposed a mechanism that might explain the GeV flares. In that model, a transient accretion disc is expected to be formed from the matter which was gravity-captured by the neutron star from the main sequence companion's circumstellar disc. The transient accretion disc exerts a spin down torque on the neutron star (propeller effect), which might be traceable via pulsar timing observation of PSR B1259-63. In this paper, we phenomenologically consider the propeller effect with a parameter $\chi$, which describes the coupling between the disc matter and the neutron star. Comparing the expected timing residuals against the recent observation in [2014MNRAS.437. 3255S], we conclude that the angular momentum transfer is very weak (with the coupling parameter $\chi\le10^{-4}$).
A review on bicycle and motorcycle rider control with a perspective on handling qualities

This paper is a review study on handling and control of bicycles and motorcycles, the so-called single-track vehicles. The first part gives a brief overview on the modelling of the dynamics of single-track vehicles and the experimental validation. The second part focusses on a review of modelling and measuring human rider control. The third part deals with the concepts of handling and manoeuvrability and their experimental validation. Parallels are drawn with the literature on aircraft handling and pilot models. The paper concludes with the open ends and promising directions for future work in the field of handling and control of single-track vehicles.
Ample sheaves on moduli schemes Hélène Esnault

The interest if ever in results like (0.1) comes from the theory of moduli spaces. Let Ch denote the functor of families of compact complex canonically polarized manifolds with Hilbert-polynomial h and Ch the coarse moduli scheme. If ν > 0 is choosen such that ω X is very ample for all X ∈ Ch(Spec(Cl )), and if λη ∈ Pic(Ch) ⊗ Ql denotes the ”sheaf” corresponding to det(f∗ω η X/Y ) for f : X → Y ∈ Ch(Y ), then the ample sheaf on Ch obtained by the second author in [14], II was of the form λ a ν ⊗ λμ·ν for μ, a, b >> 0. Adding (0.1) to the methods employed in [14], II, we will show in §4 that in fact λν itself is ample.
Mechanistic Study of Adsorption of Acid Orange-7 over Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles

The adsorption behavior of acid orange-7 (AO-7) on aluminum oxide nanoparticles (ANP) generated by sol-gel method has been investigated to understand the physicochemical process involved and to explore the potential use of nano particles in textile effluent treatment and management. The results revealed that ANP can remove AO-7 dye up to 97.6 mg/g at 303 K. The adsorption process is found to be pH dependent and the optimum pH obtained is 2.0. The equilibrium was established in 1 h. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin Isotherm models were applied on the system. Scanning electron microscopic analysis reveals eye-catching nanoporous morphology of the material. The results of FTIR spectroscopy reveal that the process is electrostatic complexation mechanism driven. XRD studies revealed nanocrystalline structure of ANP. BET surface area measurement suggests high pore volume and surface area of adsorbent. The kinetic measurements suggest pseudo-second-order kinetic processes. The thermodynamic measurements suggest that all processes are endothermic accompanied with negative ΔG° and positive ΔS°, ΔH°.
Remarks on partition functions of topological string theory on generalized conifolds

The method of topological vertex for topological string theory on toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds is reviewed. Implications of an explicit formula of partition functions in the “on-strip” case, typically the generalized conifolds, are considered. Generating functions of part of the partition functions are shown to be tau functions of the KP hierarchy. The associated Baker-Akhiezer functions play the role of wave functions, and satisfy q-difference equations. These q-difference equations represent the quantum mirror curves conjectured by Gukov and Su lkowski.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FOREST SEEDS REGARDING THE DESICCATION TOLERANCE AND STORAGE BEHAVIOUR

This work aims to classify forest seeds native to the Alto Rio Grande region regarding the desiccation tolerance and storage behaviour. Germination and water content tests were performed in seeds of different species. The tests were conducted immediately after seed processing, at 12% and 5% of water content, and at 5% after 3 months of storage in -18°C. Based on the results obtained, seeds were classified into recalcitrant, intermediate and orthodox class. Seeds of Brosimum gaudichaudii, Erythroxylum deciduum, Eugenia pleurantha, Myrcia venulosa, Nectandra megapotamica were classified as recalcitrant (22.7% of all species). Seeds of Aegiphila sellowiana, Aspidosperma parvifolium, Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Casearia lasiophylla, Cassia occidentalis, Dalbergia miscolobium, Diospyros brasiliensis, Diospyros hispida, Ilex brevicuspis, Ilex cerasifolia, Myrocarpus fastigiatus, Senna aversiflora, Senna splendida e Blepharocalyx salicifolius were classified as intermediate (59.1% of all species). Seeds of Miconia albicans, Platycyamus regnellii, Styrax camporum and Piptadenia gonoacantha were classified as orthodox (18.2% of all species).
Long Term Effects of Early Life Maternal Separation During Tyrosine Receptor Kinase B (TrkB) Knockdown

Recent work suggests that depression may be a disorder of neuroplasticity. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that signals through tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) to influence synaptic growth and maintenance, and has been implicated in depression. Early life stressors are known to predispose individuals to the later development of depression. We hypothesized that this predisposition is mediated by TrkB/BDNF signalling in early life. Therefore, we utilized a TrkB mutant mouse (TrkBF616A) to reversibly block early postnatal BDNF/TrkB signalling during exposure to early life stress (maternal separation). In 3 month-old mice exposed to maternal separation, we found that TrkB knockdown impacted various aspects of their apparent resiliency to stress in adulthood. Moreover, these mice have very circumscribed variations in the expression of TrkB and BDNF within the brain. We speculate that BDNF might imprint early life stressor events, which ultimately influences the manifestation of depressive illness.