Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
on the

The colonization progress of the invasive bivalve dreissenids, the formerly dominant 27 Dreissena polymorpha and the recently (2008) introduced Dreissena rostriformis bugensis 28 was studied between 2009 and 2013 in the largest Central European shallow lake, Lake 29 Balaton, Hungary. The density of dreissenid planktonic veligers, new settlers (post-veligers 30 and early juveniles), and the population structure (density, length frequency, relative 31 abundance) of the two species were monitored on experimentally introduced natural stone 32 substrata, on different time scales. Dreissenids started dynamic settling following a sudden 33 veliger bloom. As substratum saturation progressed, competition between species for places 34 was suggested, which, after two years, led to an increased number of large individuals (> 20 35 mm) and also recruits of D. r. bugensis . By contrast, the population of D. polymorpha 36 confined to middle size (11-18 mm) individuals of the first settler generation. On local 37 substrata, where the benthic community was already established, the replacement of D. 38 polymorpha by D. r. bugensis took longer, but it happened in a similar way. The invasion 39 speed of D. r. bugensis in Lake Balaton resembled the speed obtained in other European 40 water bodies where D. r. bugensis , similar to Lake Balaton, was introduced much later than 41 D. polymorpha . However, a longer replacement process was found in North America, where 42 both species invaded new habitats at the same time. This suggests that the speed, and 43 probably the success, of D. r. bugensis invasion depends on new surface availability, and 44 whether the two dreissenid species are introduced together or at different times.
Formaldehyde Exposure, Health Symptoms and Risk Assessment among Hospital Workers in Malaysia

Formaldehyde is a chemical commonly used in hospitals as a tissue preservative; histopathology laboratory personnel are therefore among the workers most heavily exposed to formaldehyde. This study measured the formaldehyde exposure through ambient and personal air sampling, assessed the symptoms of poor health as well as estimating the health risk among hospital workers. We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study of both histopathology laboratory (exposed) and administration (nonexposed) workers in four hospitals in the Klang Valley, Selangor, Malaysia. Ambient and personal exposure to formaldehyde was measured using the OSHA 52 and NIOSH 2541 methods, respectively. The 8-hr time-weighted-average formaldehyde concentration was higher in exposed areas (0.25 ± 0.11 ppm) than nonexposed areas (0.08 ± 0.02 ppm). Histopathology workers were exposed to between 140% and 480% higher concentrations of formaldehyde than administration workers. Personal exposure was highest during grossing tasks (0.797 ± 0.436 ppm). A total of 67% of the exposed workers exhibited the same ten health symptoms related to formaldehyde exposure, and 57% of the nonexposed workers reported similar symptoms at their current workplace. Notably, symptoms of eye irritation, headache, drowsiness, and chest tightness were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05; chi square and Fisher’s exact tests) among the exposed workers than the nonexposed workers. Among those with symptoms, 37% of the exposed workers, and 16% of the nonexposed workers believed that the symptoms were related to their current working environment. The noncancer effect of formaldehyde from air inhalation poses a potential risk of eye irritation among exposed workers. The cancer risk was not significant in both groups. Formaldehyde levels and symptoms of poor health were significantly higher among the exposed group. Exposure and risk could be minimised by strengthening control measures to improve indoor air quality in the workplace.
Diabetes exacerbates the loss of basilar dendritic spines after ischemic stroke

Supervisory Committee Dr. Craig Brown, Division of Medical Sciences Supervisor Dr. Leigh Ann Swayne, Division of Medical Sciences Departmental Member Dr. Kerry Delaney, Department of Biology Outside Member Most stroke survivors recover some degree of lost function after an ischemic event. Recovery however, is negatively affected by comorbid conditions such as diabetes. Successful recovery is dependent on the ability of adjacent surviving cortical tissue and functionally related areas to take over functions lost by the stroke. Recently our lab has shown that diabetes interferes with the remapping of sensory function to peri-infarct areas after photothrombotic stroke. Given this result, it is crucial to understand how diabetes affects the structure of neurons following stroke, particularly at the level of dendritic spines, which receive the vast majority of excitatory synaptic inputs. Type I diabetes was pharmacologically induced in transgenic mice expressing yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) in a subset of cortical neurons 4 weeks prior to receiving unilateral photothrombotic stroke in the forelimb area of the primary somatosensory cortex (FLS1). Spine density measurements were made on the apical and basilar dendrites of layer-5 pyramidal neurons at 1 and 6 weeks after stroke. Our analysis indicated that diabetes was associated with fewer apical and basilar dendritic spines in the peri-infarct region 1 week after stroke. At 6 weeks of recovery, peri-infarct dendritic spine density in both control and diabetic animals returned to baseline levels. These changes were specific to the peri-infarct cortex, as spine density in distant cortical areas such as the forelimb sensorimotor region of the contralateral hemisphere, were not affected by stroke. In order to relate changes in spine density to the recovery of forepaw function, we re-analyzed data from a previous study that employed the forepaw adhesive-tape-removal test. This analysis revealed that diabetes significantly increased the latency of tape removal from the impaired forepaw (when normalized to the unaffected paw) at 1 but not 6 weeks of recovery. Collectively, these findings indicate that diabetes exacerbates forepaw impairments and basilar spine loss initially after stroke, but does not affect the ability of the brain to replace lost spines over weeks of recovery.
An Integrative Approach to Burnout in Secondary School Teachers: Examining the Role of Student Disruptive Behaviour and Disciplinary Issues

The aim of this paper is to examine from an integrative approach to what extent occupational stressors when in combination with other variables that have accredited their explicative value in accounting for teacher distress in other domains (personal, psychosocial and outside the occupational sphere) contribute to predicting and/or explaining the different components of burnout. The sample consists in 1386 secondary education teachers. The statistical results obtained confirm for all dimensions in the syndrome the explanatory role of occupational stressors related with student disruptive behaviours/attitudes and disciplinary issues (conflict management and lack of support/consensus). The remaining variables in the study (Type A pattern, optimism, hardiness, friend and family support, life events) also contribute to accounting for burnout, albeit to a lesser extent than occupational factors. Results not only confirm the suitability of the selected variables but also the necessity to design integration studies in which, besides another type of determinants, to include variables from the occupational domain. In other words, our findings suggest that student disruptive behaviour, the difficulties experienced by teachers in managing conflict and the lack support/consensus as regards disciplinary actions are 'necessary' ingredients if we are to successfully predict burnout in secondary school teachers.
Biometric encryption using Co-Z Divisor Addition Formulae in Weighted Representation of Jacobean Genius 2 Hyperelliptic Curves over Prime Fields

Security in biometry is a prime concern of modern society. Identity theft is a growing problem in today’s interconnected world. To ensure a safe and secure environment biometrics is used today in many commercial, government and forensic applications. To ensure a high level of security of a biometric system we use Cryptographic algorithms. Though a number of bio-crypto algorithms have been proposed, they have limited practical applicability due to the trade-off between recognition performance and security of the template. Overall, these are very secure, however, they do have a weak point in terms of the procedure and storage of the crypto keys. Biometric authentication systems should have many exploitable crypto secure points that can be used to compromise the identification system within the optimization process. Biometric encryption with Jacobean Genus 2 Hyperelliptic curves is a security scheme that combines strong cryptographic algorithms with biometric authentication to provide enhanced security. This paper discusses the simple implementation Co-Z divisor addition formulae in a weighted representation of encryption systems for biometric software application. In this article the authors show a newly developed Co-Z approach to divisor scalar multiplication in Jacobean of Genus 2 Hyperelliptic curves over fields with odd characteristics in weighted coordinates for application in biometric-based authentication systems. We assess the performance of these biometric generation algorithms using Co-Z divisor. This approach is based upon improved additional formulae of weight 2 divisors in weighted divisor representation which, in the most frequent cases are well suited to exponentiation algorithms based on Euclidean addition chains.
Facile Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of 6-Substituted-2,4,8,10-tetra-t-butyl Dibenzo[d,g][1,3,6,2]dioxathiaphosphocin 6-Oxides.

Several novel 2,4,8,10-tetra-t-butyl-6-substituted dibenzo[d,g][1,3,6,2]dioxathiaphosphocin 6-oxides were synthesized in high yield by cyclocondensation of 2,2′-thiobis(2,4-di-t-butylphenol) with phosphorus oxychloride in the presence of triethylamine and a catalytic amount of dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) in dry toluene followed by in situ reaction with different bulky phenols/thiophenols under the same reaction conditions. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by analytical, IR, multinuclear NMR studies. Their antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporium, respectively. Some of them showed moderate activity against these microorganisms.
ENERGETIC PARTICLE TRANSPORT ACROSS THE MEAN MAGNETIC FIELD: BEFORE DIFFUSION

Current particle transport models describe the propagation of charged particles across the mean field direction in turbulent plasmas as diffusion. However, recent studies suggest that at short timescales, such as soon after solar energetic particle (SEP) injection, particles remain on turbulently meandering field lines, which results in nondiffusive initial propagation across the mean magnetic field. In this work, we use a new technique to investigate how the particles are displaced from their original field lines, and we quantify the parameters of the transition from field-aligned particle propagation along meandering field lines to particle diffusion across the mean magnetic field. We show that the initial decoupling of the particles from the field lines is slow, and particles remain within a Larmor radius from their initial meandering field lines for tens to hundreds of Larmor periods, for 0.1–10 MeV protons in turbulence conditions typical of the solar wind at 1 au. Subsequently, particles decouple from their initial field lines and after hundreds to thousands of Larmor periods reach time-asymptotic diffusive behavior consistent with particle diffusion across the mean field caused by the meandering of the field lines. We show that the typical duration of the prediffusive phase, hours to tens of hours for 10 MeV protons in 1 au solar wind turbulence conditions, is significant for SEP propagation to 1 au and must be taken into account when modeling SEP propagation in the interplanetary space.
Feature Characteristics of ERPs and Eye Movements in response to Facial Expressions

The features of EEGs and eye movements were extracted to identify viewer’s emotional responses during the viewing of photos of facial expressions in order to understand the physiological reaction that occurs during the perception progress for emotions. Both EEGs and eye movements were measured using electrooculograms (EOGs). Facial expressions from a photo database were classified into two groups according to the viewer’s subjective evaluation of whether the facial images where “Pleasant” or “Unpleasant”. The group that the photos of facial expressions belonged to was predicted using the extracted features, and the prediction performance was analysed. A correlation analysis of the frequency powers extracted from EEGs and eye movements was also conducted, and the differences in relationships between the emotional categories was discussed. The results provide evidence of the chronological process during the perception of visual emotion and of the mutual EEGs and eye movement activity that these reactions produce. Received on 21 September 2018; accepted on 29 October 2018; published on 16 January 2019
Analysis of ignition of a porous energetic material

A theory of ignition is presented to analyse the effect of porosity on the time to ignition of a semi-infinite porous energetic solid subjected to a constant energy flux. An asymptotic perturbation analysis, based on the smallness of the gas-to-solid density ratio and the largeness of the activation energy, is utilized to describe the inert and transition stages leading to thermal runaway. As in the classical study of a nonporous solid, the transition stage consists of three spatial regions in the limit of large activation energy: a thin reactive–diffusive layer adjacent to the exposed surface of the material where chemical effects are first felt, a somewhat thicker transient–diffusive zone and, finally, an inert region where the temperature field is still governed solely by conductive heat transfer. Solutions in each region are constructed at each order with respect to the density-ratio parameter and matched to one another using asymptotic matching principles. It is found that the effects of porosity pro.
The media use of Ethiopians in Finland

In recent times, most western societies appear to be confronted with an ever growing number of immigrants as a consequence of globalization and the need to preserve national culture and identity. This is an intricate situation where migrants themselves are constantly faced with difficulties to socially integrate into their new societies. They also have to deal with maintaining distinctiveness of their identity and cultural heritage. Studies suggest that the media plays a crucial role in constructing immigrant identity and affiliation with their new host society. This empirical study explores the media use of Ethiopians in Finland and its implication to their identity and social integration. I have argued based on the existing theory and scholarship regarding multiculturalism, social integration, media use and identity. Specifically, the study gives a special emphasis to immigrant’s diaspora and transnational identity—that has been gaining recent academic significance in migration and media studies. This study employs a qualitative research method using a semi-structured interview with 10 Ethiopians living in Finland and thematic network analytical tool. The finding shows that there is a reciprocal relationship between media use and social integration. Finnish media portrayal of immigrants shows the depiction of “the other”, and that this has been affecting immigrant social integration in to the society. It also finds out that the main media menu for Ethiopians in Finland are Ethiopian diaspora media—that employ hybrid journalism where there exists political activism and journalism.
Effects of income and the cost of children on fertility. Quasi-experimental evidence from Norway

The relationship between income, cost of childrearing and fertility is of considerable political and theoretical interest. We utilize exogenous variation in family income and the direct cost of children to estimate causal effects on fertility. The variation comes from a regional child benefit and tax reform implemented in the northern municipalities of the Norwegian county Troms. The southern municipalities of the same county constitute a plausible and empirically similar control group. Individual-level multivariate analysis suggests that a reduced direct cost of children increases fertility, mainly among unmarried women in their early 20s. We find little evidence of income effects on fertility. Our results are robust to a variety of specifications, including a standard difference-indifference setup, and regional trend modeling. The findings indicate that lowering the direct cost of a child would shift childbearing to lower ages in Norway. However, a lower price of children is also likely to induce a shift towards non-union childbearing or childbearing in less stable unions.
Combining Geographical and Social Influences with Deep Learning for Personalized Point-of-Interest Recommendation

Abstract Personalized point-of-interest (POI) recommendation is important to location-based social networks (LBSNs) for helping users to explore new places and for helping third-party services to launch targeted advertisements. Discovering effective features or representations from check-in data is the key to POI recommendation. Deep learning is a representation-learning method with multiple levels for discovering intrinsic features to better represent user preferences. We analyzed users’ check-in behavior in detail and developed a deep learning model to integrate geographical and social influences for POI recommendation tasks. We used a semi-restricted Boltzmann machine to model the geographical similarity and a conditional layer to model the social influence. Experiments with real-world LBSNs showed that our method performed better than other state-of-the-art methods. Theoretically, our study contributes to the effective usage of data science and analytics for social recommender system design. In practice, our results can be used to improve the quality of personalized POI recommendation services for websites and applications.
Emotions as Intermediaries for Implicit Memory Retrieval Processing: Evidence Using Word and Picture Stimuli

The significance of emotions are seldom the focus of studies especially those concerning implicit memory. As a result, little is known about the effects of emotions on such memory. In two experiments, perceptual identification test was used to investigate the effects of emotional words and pictures on implicit memory. In Experiment 1, participants viewed lists of positive, negative and neutral words and in Experiment 2, participants saw lists of positive, negative and neutral pictures. Perceptual identification test was conducted after a 30 minute interval. Results showed that participants remembered better on implicit memory when information was with positive valence rather than negative valence: positive pictures and words were remembered more than negative pictures and words. However, the difference in types of information only emerged when the valence was positive. In this case, participants had an advantage for words over pictures only when these were presented with positive emotions, not with negative ones. The findings provide evidence for the significant mediating role of valence on implicit memory retrieval processes.
How Many Varieties of Capitalism? Comparing the Comparative Institutional Analyses of Capitalist Diversity

This essay reviews the development of approaches within the comparative capitalisms (CC) literature and points to three theoretical innovations which, taken together, define and distinguish these approaches as a group. First, national economies are characterized by distinct institutional configurations that generate a particular systemic 'logic' of economic action. Second, the CC literature suggests a theory of comparative institutional advantage in which different institutional arrangements have distinct strengths and weaknesses for different kinds of economic activity. Third, the literature has been interpreted to imply a theory of institutional path dependence. Behind these unifying characteristics of the literature, however, lie a variety of analytical frameworks and typologies of capitalism. This paper reviews and compares these different frameworks by highlighting the fundamental distinctions among them and drawing out their respective contributions and limitations in explaining economic performance and institutional dynamics. The paper concludes that the way forward for this literature lies in developing a more dynamic view of individual institutions, the linkages between domains, and the role of politics and power.
Gaussian distributions, Jacobi group, and Siegel-Jacobi space

Let N be the space of Gaussian distribution functions over ℝ, regarded as a 2-dimensional statistical manifold parameterized by the mean μ and the deviation σ. In this paper, we show that the tangent bundle of N, endowed with its natural Kahler structure, is the Siegel-Jacobi space appearing in the context of Number Theory and Jacobi forms. Geometrical aspects of the Siegel-Jacobi space are discussed in detail (completeness, curvature, group of holomorphic isometries, space of Kahler functions, and relationship to the Jacobi group), and are related to the quantum formalism in its geometrical form, i.e., based on the Kahler structure of the complex projective space. This paper is a continuation of our previous work [M. Molitor, “Remarks on the statistical origin of the geometrical formulation of quantum mechanics,” Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. 9(3), 1220001, 9 (2012); M. Molitor, “Information geometry and the hydrodynamical formulation of quantum mechanics,” e-print arXiv (2012); M. Molitor, “Exponenti.
Monetary Policy in a Non‐Representative Agent Economy: A Survey

It is well known that central bank policies affect not only macroeconomic aggregates, but also their distribution across economic agents. Similarly, a number of papers demonstrated that heterogeneity of agents may matter for the transmission of monetary policy to macro variables. Despite this, the mainstream monetary economics literature has so far been dominated by dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models with representative agents. This paper aims to tilt this imbalance towards heterogeneous agents setups by surveying the main positive and normative findings of this line of the literature, and suggesting areas in which these models could be implemented. In particular, we review studies that analyse the heterogeneity of (i) households’ income, (ii) households’ preferences, (iii) consumers’ age, (iv) expectations and (v) firms’ productivity and financial position. We highlight the results on issues that, by construction, cannot be investigated in a representative agent framework and discuss important papers modifying the findings from the representative agent literature.