Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A função renal de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos submetidos ao pneumoperitônio

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the renal function of spontaneous hypertensive Wistar rats (SRH) submitted to pneumoperitoneum. Methods: Sixty rats, 30 SHR and 30 EPM-1 Wistar, 4-month-old, weighing around 350 g were utilized. Animals were distributed into two groups: experimental and control, according to the lineage, SHR and EPM-1 Wistar rats, respectively. Each group was divided into two subgroups, with 15 animals each, with pneumoperitoneum pressure established at 4 mmHg and 10 mmHg. The animals were anesthetized and positioned to start the left femoral artery catheterization procedure to measure median arterial pressure and to collect blood sample during the experiment. After antisepsis, a 5 mm length transversal incision in the central abdominal area was performed to introduce a Veress needle for CO2 insufflation until the pressure established for each group was obtained (4 mmHg or 10 mmHg). Pressure was maintained during one hour, followed by one hour of disinsufflation. At the end of this phase, all animals, still under anesthesia, were submitted to euthanasia by blood removal through the arterial catheter. The blood samples were collected in three phases: 1) post-catheterization; 2) after one hour of pneumoperitoneum, and 3) one hour after disinsufflation. The samples were sent to the laboratory for urea and creatinine measurements. Results: Increased creatinine in SHR rats after 1 h of pneumoperitoneum with 10 mmHg pressure, while Wistar rats remained at the normal basal level. Urea levels increased for both SHR and EPM-1 Wistar rats after 1 h of pneumoperitoneum with 10 mmHg pressure. During the pneumoperitoneum with 4 mmHg pressure, creatinine and urea remained at basal levels. Conclusion: The renal function of SHR rats may be transiently changed, as it happens with non-hypertensive rats submitted to a 10 mmHg pneumoperitoneum.
Bladder Preservation in Invasive Locally Confined Bladder Cancer

Muscle invasive, but still locally confined bladder cancer is treated by radical cystectomy in most of the patients. New forms of bladder substitution and operative techniques provide good quality of life; however, any kind of bladder substitution is suboptimal to a well-functioning and disease-free bladder. Bladder preservation in muscle invasive cancer is only possible in a selected group of patients by transurethral resection, partial cystectomy or definitive radiotherapy. The introduction of effective systemic chemotherapy made integrated therapy strategies attractive. The results in terms of complete remission are significantly improved over monotherapeutic approaches, but recurrent tumors within the bladder still occur in a similar percentage. This fact indicates that only appropriate selection of patients with a low risk of recurrence, and additional local adjuvant therapy may lead organ-preserving therapy modalities to the point where it is a true alternative to radical cystectomy.
Lisfranc ORIF with Absorbable Fixation

Lisfranc injuries represent a difficult group of fracture/dislocations for which the best results have been obtained in patients who have achieved an anatomic reduction. Screw fixation provides greater stability than K-wires; however, most surgeons remove stainless steel screws after surgery to prevent screw breakage. Use of absorbable implants obviates the need for screw removal, and initial results with their use are promising. The technique presented demonstrates the exposure, reduction technique, and specific method for using absorbable screws for this complex injury.
Occurrence and Constitution of Natural and Synthetic Ferrihydrite, a Widespread Iron Oxyhydroxide.

VII. Synthesis 2569 VIII. Adsorption and Solid Solution 2570 A. General Observations 2570 B. Adsorption of Specific Species 2571 1. Various Cations 2571 2. Various Anions 2572 3. Organic Species 2573 C. Environmental Implications 2573 IX. Transformation of Ferrihydrite 2574 A. Dry Thermal Transformation 2574 B. Aqueous Transformation 2575 C. Effects of Various Ions on the Aqueous Transformation of Ferrihydrite 2576
In vitro evaluation of a new drug combination against clinical isolates belonging to the Mycobacterium abscessus complex.

The in vitro susceptibility profile to amikacin, linezolid, clarithromycin, imipenem, cefoxitin, clofazimine and tigecycline was established for 67 strains belonging to the Mycobacterium abscessus complex. Clofazimine and tigecycline were among the most effective drugs, prompting us to assess the effect of a clofazimine and tigecycline combination. Synergistic activity was found in 42% of the 19 isolates tested. The clinical impact of this new drug combination against the M. abscessus complex, as an alternative or sequential medication for the treatment of drug-resistant strains, remains to be addressed.
Lenalidomide in MDS: 4th time's a charm.

With the MDS-004 trial,[1][1] we finally have a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study supporting the use of lenalidomide in lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with the del(5q) cytogenetic abnormality—proof of principle that phase 3 studies can be performed in patients with rare
Donepezil (aricept) as a treatment for anorexia nervosa: a very feasible therapeutic possibility

Anorexia nervosa is a serious, multifactorial disease, characterized by psychiatric and neurological disturbances, which would appear to be similar to the manifestations of dementia. Patients with anorexia nervosa present compromised affectivity, characterized by hypomanic, manic and depressive symptoms, and their cholinergic system is altered with a decrease in the release of acetylcholine. Donepezil is a drug that been proven to be effective in the treatment of dementia, including Alzheimer's; it has been used for affective disorders and its mechanism of action is to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme to increase acetylcholine. Therefore, donepezil could be effective in treating anorexia nervosa.
Eating Disorders: Obesity, Anorexia Nervosa, and the Person Within

"No human society. deals rationally with food," says Dr. Hilde Bruch. For nearly 40 years she has studied two manifestations of this irrationality—anorexia nervosa and obesity—and the present volume summarizes her experience. It is an excellent summary, reflecting the author's appreciation of current biological thinking, her refreshingly eclectic approach to psychodynamic theory, and her mature understanding of the uniqueness of "the person within. " Neither obesity nor anorexia is a uniform entity. Dr. Bruch emphasizes this fact, yet she appreciates the many similarities in the underlying problems, similarities that may lead to inappropriate patterns of eating. She advances the hypothesis "that obesity and anorexia nervosa are related to faulty hunger awareness; that `hunger' is not innate knowledge; learning is necessary for its organization into recognizable patterns. " Certainly, recent studies in obesity support such a hypothesis. The problem then becomes: How can people who have not learned to recognize physiological signals of
Fingolimod ameliorates axonal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Fingolimod (FTY) is a new oral drug for multiple sclerosis. It acts as a functional antagonist for sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor (S1PR). After phosphorylateion by sphingosine kinase in vivo, FTY binds to S1PR on lymphocytes to downregulate S1PR, thereby preventing lymphocyte egress from lymphoid tissues to reduce infiltration of autoreactive lymphocytes into the central nervous system. FTY easily passes through the blood–brain barrier and directly affects cells in the central nervous system. Recently, we have shown that FTY exerts neuroprotective effects by suppressing pro‐inflammatory functions of glial cells and by upregulating neuroprotective functions of neuronal and glial cells in vitro. In the present study, we examined whether FTY exerts neuroprotective effects in vivo in the chronic phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
Dealing with cutaneous staphylococcal infection in dogs

STAPHYLOCOCCAL infection resulting in various forms of pyoderma is one of the commonest problems faced by veterinary surgeons in practice. Most forms of pyoderma are recurrent and the cost of therapy represents a severe burden for owners. A better understanding of the ecology of the staphylococci and the factors which promote infection can lead to more rational and effective therapeutic approaches.
BULBOCAPNIN: ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF TREMOR AND IN THE EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF BASAL GANGLION SYMPTOMATOLOGY

De Jong 1 of Amsterdam demonstrated that the tremor of paralysis agitans may be controlled by the use of bulbocapnin, and by administering larger doses of this drug to cats he produced a syndrome simulating catatonia. He first reported this work from the Binnen-Gasthuis of Amsterdam. His original problem was the experimental production of catatonia, and followed the work of Frolich and Meyer on "Katalepsie. " 2 Bulbocapnin is one of eleven alkaloids from Corydalis cava . The nineteenth edition of the United States Dispensatory gives four alkaloids in this plant, one of which is bulbocapnin, but Gademar of Marburg has isolated eleven. He has developed a process by which the pure alkaloid may be isolated from the plant. The bulbocapnin of the United States Dispensatory, being combined with other alkaloids, is extremely toxic, and should not be used in the doses herein mentioned. De Jong obtains his bulbocapnin from Gademar, and
Estado nutricional de crianças assistidas em creches e situação de (in)segurança alimentar de suas famílias

The scope of this study was to examine associated factors with overweight, stunting and underweight in children attending state day care centers of Joao Pessoa, as well as to describe the situation of food (in)security of their families. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 250 children. Socioeconomic, maternal and child variables were studied. The nutritional status of children was evaluated considering the height-for-age and weight-for-height indices. Household food security was assessed using the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity. The proportions of stunting, underweight and overweight were 7.6%, 1.6% and 6.4% respectively. The associated factors with short stature were low maternal stature and incomplete vaccination. In relation to low weight, the associated factor was maternal age under 20 years. The overweight child was associated with excessive maternal weight and maternal short stature. In 59.6% of families, there was food and nutrition insecurity, the mild form being more frequent (32.4%). Overweight and stunting were found to be the most common nutritional disorders in this study, constituting priorities that should be considered in current public policies.
The impact of an ethics training programme on the success of clinical ethics services

The interdisciplinary Hannover Qualification Programme on ethics consultation has trained hospital staff to operate clinical ethics services in their respective hospitals since 2003. To evaluate Hannover Qualification Programme, all former participants were contacted using an online questionnaire including four domains: status quo before attending Hannover Qualification Programme, present status, impact of Hannover Qualification Programme, future challenges. Research objectives were the long-term satisfaction with Hannover Qualification Programme and its impact on clinical ethics services. The response rate was 45% (167/369). Hannover Qualification Programme was evaluated as helpful and the responders were capable of applying their acquired skills. Most participants could contribute to the implementation of clinical ethics services. They were satisfied with Hannover Qualification Programme and with the degree of changes in their hospitals. In conclusion, clinical ethics education had long-term effects on trainees and on their respective hospitals. Problems were mentioned rather in the field of utilisation than with implementation or quality of clinical ethics services.
Epidemiologic Features of Parainfluenza Virus Type 1, 2 and 3 Infection in Seoul and a Neighboring Area, 2008-2011

pes. The most common diagnosis among all PIV subtypes was pneumonia. Lower respiratory tract in- fections constituted the majority (76.3%) of PIV infections. The most common diagnosis of PIV type I and II was croup and that of PIV type III was pneumonia. A difference in seasonal variation be- tween subtypes was observed. PIV I (62.2%) was mainly isolated from July to September while PIV type III (86.8%) was isolated from April to July. Conclusion: Lower respiratory infection was most commonly found in hospitalized patients with PIV infection. Clinical features of PIV infection were sim- ilar those seen in Western PIV reports, with the ex- ception of the seasonal outbreak pattern. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2012;15:54-59)
Oral nifedipine versus intravenous labetalol for severe hypertension during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Oral nifedipine is recommended along with labetalol and hydralazine for treatment of severe hypertension during pregnancy by most authorities. Although nifedipine is cheap and easily administered, the usage pattern among health care providers suggests a strong preference for labetalol despite lack of evidence for the same.
Student Characteristics and Summer Enrollment: A Comparison of Earlier Research with Findings from Nationally Representative Data

Earlier research on small samples of students has identified certain characteristics of students who enroll in summer programs. This study analyzed these previously identified characteristics using enrollment data from a large, nationally representative sample from the 2008 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. Our research confirmed that the previously identified relationships of some characteristics such as age, class level, and residence hold true in the nationally representative data. Other prior findings about gender and choice of major, and their relationships to summer enrollment, were not confirmed. This study provides a background for institu tions to compare the characteristics of their own populations of students with national patterns and to shape curriculum, marketing, and student support efforts to increase summer enrollment.
Some Thoughts on Challenges for Noninferiority Study Designs

New interventions that may have some advantage over standard treatments by being less invasive, less toxic, or less costly are often compared to standard therapy. Noninferiority trials aim to demonstrate that the new intervention is almost as good as, or even better than, the standard. A commonly used paradigm makes numerous assumptions to obtain a statistical and clinical margin of noninferiority, many of which are difficult to prove and may be based on subjective assessments. We discuss these assumptions and give examples where they are not met. Regardless of the methods that are used, the margin of noninferiority must reflect what patients and health care providers are willing to balance for the possible benefits of the new intervention for fewer adverse events or less invasiveness or cost.
Pediatric Health Care Providers’ Attitudes and Referral Predictors for Therapeutic Massage and Acupuncture

The objective of this study was to assess pediatric health providers’ attitudes, experience, and referral patterns with respect to therapeutic massage and acupuncture (TM&A). A written survey of experience with and attitudes about TM&A was distributed to a convenience sample of pediatric health care providers attending a regional postgraduate course in April 2002. Bivariate analyses were performed using Fisher’s exact test and the chisquare statistic. Pediatric care providers’ practices of referring patients to TM&A were associated with their own familiarity with and prior use of TM&A as well as their professed comfort level in discussing these modalities. There were no significant differences by professional status, gender, or years in practice in 42% of the respondents who reported making TM&A referrals. Pediatric health care providers’practices in referring patients for TM&A are positively associated with their familiarity with and personal use of TM&A.
Tennis: Rehabilitation, Training, and Tips

The purpose of this section is to present the general guidelines for rehabilitating an injured tennis player. The focus is on treating the most common injury pattern of overhead athletes, i.e., rotator cuff pathology with secondary bursitis and finally microtraumatic instability. The pathologic cascade starts with an overload of the dynamic stabilizers, and if not recognized and not treated appropriately, the affected tissues will decompensate in this stage and result in chronic tendinitis. In case of a misinterpretation of the athlete's symptoms and a therapeutic mismanagement, the dynamic overload increases successively and ends up in a static overload of the capsuloligamenteous restraints. A static overload in terms of a capsular elongation has to be suspected if competent and specific physical therapy does not succeed in alleviating the athlete's symptoms. The rehabilitation program concerns a three-phase approach. It begins with the acute phase, followed by an intermediate phase, and finally the return to sports phase. Weight-bearing exercises are an integral part of the rehabilitation program. Specific criteria are discussed to determine when the athlete can return to unrestricted playing.
Effect of trigeminal tractotomy on behavioral response to dental pulp stimulation in the monkey

✓ Trigeminal tractotomy near the level of the obex was carried out in 10 macaque monkeys. Behavioral responses were evaluated by a quantitative paradigm measuring lever-press responses to electrical stimulation of the dental pulp or facial skin, and by assessing facial response to cutaneous pin-scratch before and after the tractotomy. Two pharmacological agents, strychnine and L-dopa, were administered and their effect on behavioral responses to these stimuli was studied. Tractotomy did not produce dental analgesia. Thresholds for escape from cutaneous electrical stimulation of facial skin, however, were elevated, consistent with marked hypalgesia to pin-scratch. The adversive responses to pin-scratch were absent in peripheral portions of the face, but near the midline and inside the oral cavity they were usually decreased or normal. Pharmacological agents caused a reduction in escape thresholds to cutaneous electrical stimulation and a shrinkage or abolition of the zone of analgesia to pinscratch. The re.
Pituitary disease – perspectives of patients and partners

Aim. To explore experiences of pituitary disease of people with pituitary disease (PD) and their partners (PT). Background. Pituitary disease encompasses a range of hormonal abnormalities that produce a variety of signs and symptoms depending on the underlying cause. Design. A triangulated exploratory study. Methods. The study was conducted in three phases: (a) non-participant monitoring of an Internet pituitary chat room over four months; (b) in-depth structured interviews with PD attending a pituitary outpatient clinic (n = 8) and PT (n = 6), (c) focus groups (n = 12). Data were collected in 2005. Results. Four themes emerged from the discussion in each phase: ‘need to be normal’, ‘emotional merry-go-round’, ‘damage to the self’, and ‘doctor ignorance’. Symptoms of pituitary disease were often mistaken for sinusitis, ‘getting old before my time’, hypochondria, stress, and ‘something sinister changing the way I look’. Time to diagnosis varied from four weeks to 15 years. PD felt included in decision-making but partners relied on PD for information. Body image changes were significant making PD feel like a ‘freak show for medical students’ and the emotional distress persisted after treatment and ‘cure’. The word ‘tumour’ caused significant stress and anxiety and depression was common. PD and PT felt general practitioners (GP) lacked information about pituitary disease. Conclusions. Pituitary disease has a major impact on psychological well-being. PD but not PT felt involved in decisions about their management. GPs may need more education about pituitary disease. The study adds important information about the emotional effects of pituitary disease and its treatment. Relevance to clinical practice. Pituitary disease is a generic term encompassing a range of underlying disease processes that often produce vague symptoms, often attributed to other causes, which delays diagnosis and treatment. Pituitary disease has a significant under recognised impact on people’s mental and physical wellbeing and self-concept. Although the underlying hormonal imbalances associated with pituitary disease are largely reversible (cured), emotional distress persists. Regular monitoring of emotional wellbeing as well as medical and hormone status is warranted.
Triacetyloleandomycin-a Substitute for Penicillin G. A Comparison of the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Triacetyloleandomycin, Erythromycin Propionate, and Oral Penicillin G in the Treatment of Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Infections.

In this paper we wish to report for the first time observations which indicate that, in the treatment of βhemolytic streptococcal infections in children, triacetyloleandomycin (Cyclamycin) is an excellent substitute for penicillin and superior to erythromycin propionate (Ilosone). Although penicillin has been considered the drug of choice against these organisms 1 (and still is in our opinion), we should examine new agents to determine if they may be either more effective for general use or at least equally effective for patients allergic to penicillin. In this search for effective substitutes for penicillin 2 promising new preparations of erythromycin and oleandomycin were subjected to a controlled clinical trial in the treatment of these infections in children. They were erythromycin propionate (Ilosone) and triacetyloleandomycin (Cyclamycin). These 2 new antibiotic agents had, in in vitro tests, been shown to be effective against the β-hemolytic streptococcus, and, in the sera of volunteers, to give
Morphological Diversity of the Ovaries of the Mexican Teleost Fishes

Se reconocio una diversidad morfologica de los ovarios dentro de un conjunto de 90 especies de teleosteos de la fauna mexicana. Se clasificaron los ovarios de acuerdo con los siguientes caracteres: numero de ovarios, su simetria, el grado de fusion entre si, su trayectoria, el aspecto en seccion transversal y su ubicacion topografica. Se reconoce el caracter de la fusion de ambos ovarios entre si, como el que presento la mayor diversidad de situaciones, sobresaliendo la tendencia a la total fusion dentro de los Cyprinodontiformes y su relacion con la viviparidad. Sin embargo, el caracter mas notable fue el desarrollo extravisceral de los ovarios en los Pleuronectiformes, que implica la orientacion del gonoducto hacia delante y la posicion adelantada de la abertura genital. Se propone como patron morfologico del sistema urogenital de los Teleostei a un tipico perciforme, Bairdiella chrysoura.