Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSIS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AFTER SURGERY FOR PRIMARY RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT

Purposes: To investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients who underwent surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and to explore variables associated with the disorder. Methods: Subjects eligible for the study were patients aged 18 years or older, who underwent surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment at the Goldschleger Eye Institute, from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2009, and were followed for at least 1 month. Study patients were screened for the existence of PTSD symptoms via a telephone survey, and positively identified patients were asked to undergo a structured psychiatric interview. Posttraumatic stress disorder was assessed by the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, and the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) was used as a measure of vision-related quality of life. Objective clinical measures were obtained from the patient's medical records. Clinical variables were compared between PTSD-diagnosed patients, patients who were screened for PTSD but were found to be PTSD negative in the interview (false-positive group), and patients who were found negative for PTSD in the screening survey. Results: Of the 547 eligible patients, 366 were enrolled in the study. Nine patients (2.5%) met the criteria for PTSD diagnosis. Posttraumatic stress disorder patients reported significantly more traumatic events in their past (P = 0.015), and for these patients, NEI-VFQ-25 composite score was significantly lower (P < 0.001). Clinical measures were not found as independent risk factors for PTSD prediction. Conclusion: Posttraumatic stress disorder may develop in the aftermath of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Previous traumatic events and NEI-VFQ-25 scores were found as independent risk factors for PTSD prediction.
EDRF-mediated shear-induced dilation opposes myogenic vasoconstriction in small rabbit arteries.

In small saline-perfused rabbit mesenteric arteries (diam 221 +/- 4 microns, means +/- SE; n = 48) in situ, the interactions of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)-mediated flow-dependent dilation and myogenic constriction were studied. When pump flow was increased two- to fivefold (2.8 +/- 0.1-fold), input perfusion pressure rose by 133 +/- 17%. Vessel diameter first increased passively by 9 +/- 1% and then decreased to or below control values reflecting the vascular myogenic activity. This was followed by a 16 +/- 3% increase in diameter, which was flow dependent, because nonperfused vessels exposed to the same intravascular pressures did not dilate. When the perfusate viscosity was increased with dextran solutions, both the basal diameters and the flow-induced dilator responses were significantly augmented, indicating that the increase in shear stress was the stimulus. The flow-dependent dilation was abolished by inhibition of EDRF with either hemoglobin (10 microM) or NG-nitro-L-arginine (0.3 mM) and also after preincubation with neuraminidase (0.2 U/ml, 30 min), which removes part of the membrane glycocalyx. Thus, myogenic responses in small mesenteric arteries can be effectively opposed by shear-induced release of EDRF. This might be a major mechanism for maintaining adequate tissue perfusion when pressure and shear stress increase simultaneously (e.g., exercise hyperemia, autoregulation) and otherwise myogenic activity would reduce vascular conductivity.
Why do Third Sector Employees Intend to Remain or Leave their Workplace

Third sector employees have claimed to enjoy high job satisfaction and low turnover intentions because their work is considered intrinsically rewarding. Employees have strong motivation for public service and they consider the organization’s goals as their own. This makes work meaningful and thus reduces turnover intentions. Changes in the third sector institutional environment, however, have intensified the working environment. This probably undermines job quality and thus increases turnover intentions. The analysis conducted among Finnish third sector employees showed that third sector employees report more turnover intentions than their counterparts in the public or private sector. This is mostly because of low job quality. Motivation for public service was not enough to retain employees in the organization if their values were not congruent with those of the employer organization. Thus, connection between public service motivation and turnover intentions is dependent on the organizational context. More important than employees’ desire to help others is their sharing of the employer organization’s values and that the organization provides high job quality.
CROSS BORDER MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS AND THE EXCHANGE RATE

With globalization at large and trade liberalization in particular, mergers and acquisitions between companies situated in different countries have become wide spread. A question that arouses practical concern is who gains more from mergers and acquisitions when judged in terms of domestic and cross border; acquirers of domestic targets or acquirers of foreign targets. While investigating on such gains, a question that requires attention is whether the strength of the domestic currency affects gains from these acquisitions and whether it can be considered as a deciding factor in determining if acquisition by a firm should be domestic or foreign. This study is an attempt to show the gains accruing to UK bidding firms involved in domestic as well as cross border mergers and acquisitions in relation with the strength of the domestic currency. It uses an event study method to calculate the abnormal returns experienced by the acquiring firms. With the help of simple regression, the influence of the Sterling Pound on the returns is examined. Although it fails to establish any statistically significant result, it appears that a strong value of the domestic currency can cause more returns for UK acquirers on an average, when compared against a weak domestic currency. Also, the number of bids is more during periods of a strong currency. It tries to establish a relationship between the returns of bidding firms with the exchange rate when taken along with the method of payment, technique of acquisition, target status and the industry of operation but fails to yield significant results. A possible limitation of this study is the time period, which is not long enough to capture fluctuations in the exchange rate.
The role of thyroid hormones in depression.

During the last 30 years a huge number of scientific articles have appeared on the subject of relationships between psychiatric disease and thyroid hormones. These studies have demonstrated the presence of numerous changes in the hypothalamo–pituitary– thyroid (HPT) axis, mainly in patients with depression, but also in patients with other psychiatric diseases. Simultaneously, many studies have been published on the possible therapeutic effects in depression of the hormones involved in the HPT axis. Despite great efforts to standardize the classification of depression, this is still a less well-defined disease, possibly including several subtypes with different pathogenesis and biochemical abnormalities. Furthermore the classification has changed over time, making it difficult to interpret previously published data. The most accepted classifications are the DSM-IV and ICD-10. These cover a spectrum from minor depression (neurotic depression) through major depression to melancholic (endogenous and psychotic) depression. Furthermore major and melancholic depressions are divided into uniand bipolar depressions, the latter also demonstrating episodes of mania. Rapid cycling bipolar psychosis is a subgroup of the bipolar depression, demonstrating four or more episodes in any year of observation. The present review focuses on the concentrations of hormones of the HPT-axis seen in uniand bipolar depression, their relation to relapse after antidepressive treatment, and a survey of therapeutic trials with thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones, as well as the effect of the various drugs used in depression on the HPT-axis. The hypothesis is put forward that the changes seen in the HPT-axis during depression might be explained by cerebral serotonin deficiency, and that tri-iodothyronine (T3) treatment, to some degree, can revert this deficiency.
Implication of Applying Evidence-Based Nursing Practice Guideline during Second Stage of Labor on Maternal and Neonatal outcomes

Background: utilization of evidencebased nursing practice guidelines during second stage of labor has become a basic women's' health needs, in order to decrease risks for both women and neonates. Aim of the study: to evaluate the implication of applying evidencebased nursing practice guidelines during second stage of labor on maternal and neonatal outcomes. A Quasi-experimental design was used to conduct the current study at delivery room affiliated to obstetric and gynecologic department, Benha University Hospital during the period from January 2015 to April 2015. Subjects: A simple random sample of 279 Primipara women who selected according to the study formula based on the total number of women who admitted to the above setting during 2014.These were randomly allocated into two groups. study group who, had nursing care according to the utilized evidence based guideline ,control group had ordinary nursing care . Tools: Four tools were utilized for data collection, structured interviewing questionnaire sheet, maternal outcomes measurements tool , fatigue assessment scale and neonatal outcomes measurements tool. Results: a highly statistically significant difference between two groups regarding the duration of the second stage, rate of perineal laceration and fatigue and energy subscales scores. Moreover there was a statistically significant difference regarding the incidence of perineal laceration and Apgar score of the neonate during both first and fifth minute. Conclusion; utilization of evidence based nursing practice guideline for management of the second stage of labor decrease the duration of second stage, perineal laceration ,decreases postpartum fatigue, maintain postpartum energy and improve neonatal outcomes. Recommendation; nursing management during the second stage of labor should be provided based on evidence based practice guidelines.
Influence of Frequent Infectious Exposures on General and Varicella-Zoster Virus-Specific Immune Responses in Pediatricians

ABSTRACT Reexposure to viruses is assumed to strengthen humoral and cellular immunity via the secondary immune response. We studied the effects of frequent exposure to viral infectious challenges on immunity. Furthermore, we assessed whether repetitive exposures to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) elicited persistently high immune responses. Blood samples from 11 pediatricians and matched controls were assessed at 3 time points and 1 time point, respectively. Besides the assessment of general immunity by means of measuring T-cell subset percentages, antibody titers and gamma interferon (IFN-γ)/interleukin 2 (IL-2)-producing T-cell percentages against adenovirus type 5 (AdV-5), cytomegalovirus (CMV), tetanus toxin (TT), and VZV were determined. Pediatricians had lower levels of circulating CD4+-naive T cells and showed boosting of CD8+ effector memory T cells. Although no effect on humoral immunity was seen, repetitive exposures to VZV induced persistently higher percentages of IFN-γ-positive T cells against all VZV antigens tested (VZV glycoprotein E [gE], VZV intermediate-early protein 62 [IE62], and VZV IE63) than in controls. T cells directed against latency-associated VZV IE63 benefitted the most from natural exogenous boosting. Although no differences in cellular or humoral immunity were found between the pediatricians and controls for AdV-5 or TT, we did find larger immune responses against CMV antigens in pediatricians. Despite the high infectious burden, we detected a robust and diverse immune system in pediatricians. Repetitive exposures to VZV have been shown to induce a stable increased level of VZV-specific cellular but not humoral immunity. Based on our observations, VZV IE63 can be considered a candidate for a zoster vaccine.
The Impacts of Service Quality of Local Food stores on Customer Satisfaction and Revisit Intention

This study identified the impact of the service quality of local food stores on customer satisfaction and revisiting intention of the customers as the interest into local foods is increasing. The main outcomes are as follows: First, many of the respondents said that they use the local food stores based on the trust in the origin of the products and good quality. Second, reliability and validity were suitable for factor analysis and the correlation had a positive (+) directivity. Third, reliability, assurance, empathy and tangibles were analyzed to have a positive (+) impact among the 5 aspects of service quality except for responsiveness. Fourth, customer satisfaction had a positive (+) impact on the intention to revisit the local food stores, and reliability, assurance and empathy had a positive (+) impact on revisiting intention at the statistical significance level except for responsiveness and tangibles among the 5 service quality aspects. Therefore, it is thought to be required to keep having interests into service quality to gain a competitive edge as a sustainable management system since the service quality of local food stores has impacts on customer satisfaction and intention to revisit.
A New Class of Adaptive Wireless Push Systems Using Multiple Smart Antennas

Data broadcasting has emerged as an efficient way of delivering information over asymmetric wireless environments. Push systems are able to provide high scalability and client hardware simplicity in such environments. This paper proposes the use of multiple smart antennas to increase the performance of an adaptive wireless push system in environments characterized by locality of demand. Simulation results reveal that the use of smart antennas suffices a significant performance increase over the use of static directional antennas. This is achieved because of the ability of smart antennas to alter their beamwidth and thus, to succeed an efficient coverage of the area where they broadcast.
Market Feedback And Managers' Decisions In Private Placement - Evidence From Chinese Family Firms

What effect does market feedback have on managers’ decisions on private placement in family firms? Based on information asymmetry, agency theory, and corporate governance theory, we investigate the relationship between managers’ final decisions and market feedback to the announcement. We find that managers in family firms accept market feedback in decision-making and their attitude can be affected by many external factors. Managers tend to listen to the market when family firms are non-high-tech, when family members participate in purchasing the placed shares, when family members serve as managers, and when separation of control rights from ownership is small.
Increasing autumn drought over southern China associated with ENSO regime shift

In the two most recent decades, more frequent drought struck southern China during autumn, causing an unprecedented water crisis. We found that the increasing autumn drought is largely attributed to an ENSO regime shift. Compared to traditional eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño, central Pacific (CP) El Niño events have occurred more frequently, with maximum sea surface temperature anomalies located near the dateline. Southern China usually experiences precipitation surplus during the autumn of EP El Niño years, while the CP El Niño tends to produce precipitation deficits. Since the CP El Niño has occurred more frequently while EP El Niño has become less common after the early 1990s, there has been a significant increase in the frequency of autumn drought. This has implications for increasing precipitation shortages over southern China in a warming world, in which CP El Niño events have been suggested to become more common.
Take control over your SMSes : a real-world evaluation of a mobile-based spam SMS filtering system

In developing countries, Short Messaging Service (SMS) is one of the most widely used and cheapest modes of communication. Hence, this medium is often exploited by advertising companies to reach masses. The unsolicited (spam) SMSes consume user attention and have become a reason of annoyance for most of the mobile phone users, as not many of them use the information from these SMSes. We conducted a three phase study to understand the scale of SMS spam problem and to propose technological measures to curb it. First, we conducted a survey among 458 participants in India to understand general perceptions about spam SMSes, user preferences and requirements. Ninety seven percent of the survey participants admitted that they are quite annoyed with the burst of spam SMSes and lack of appropriate technological or regulatory solutions. Next, we designed and implemented a mobile based application SMSAssassin, which can filter spam SMSes using content based machine learning techniques and user generated customized rules. And last, we conducted a user study of this application with twenty three participants who used the application in real world for a month. Results show that a mobile based solution can effectively filter spam SMSes and the application can be usable too.
Subclinical hypocalcaemia in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)

The hypothesis that hypocalcaemia may play a role in dystocia in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) was investigated. The objectives of the study were to measure the total calcium concentration in elephant plasma; assess the changes in parameters of calcium metabolism during a feeding trial; investigate a possible relationship between calcium metabolism and dystocia; and assess bone mineralisation in captive Asian elephants in vivo. The following parameters were measured: total and ionised calcium, inorganic phosphorous and magnesium, the fractional excretions of these minerals, intact parathyroid hormone, 25-OH-D3 and 1,25-OH-D3. Radiographs were taken from tail vertebrae for assessment of bone mineralisation. The mean (sd) heparinised plasma total calcium concentration was 2·7 (0·33) mmol/l (n=43) ranging from 0·84 to 3·08 mmol/l in 11 Asian elephants. There was no significant correlation between plasma total calcium concentration and age. Following feeding of a calcium rich ration to four captive Asian elephant cows, plasma total and ionised calcium peaked at 3·6 (0·24) mmol/l (range 3·4 to 3·9 mmol/l) and 1·25 (0·07) mmol/l (range 1·17 to 1·32 mmol/l), respectively. Plasma ionised calcium concentrations around parturition in four Asian elephant cows ranged from 0·37 to 1·1 mmol/l only. The present study indicates that captive Asian elephants might be hypocalcaemic, and that, in captive Asian elephants, the normal plasma concentration of total calcium should actually be around 3·6 mmol/l and normal plasma concentration of ionised calcium around 1·25 mmol/l. Given the fact that elephants absorb dietary calcium mainly from the intestine, it could be concluded that elephants should be fed calcium-rich diets at all times, and particularly around parturition. In addition, normal values for ionised calcium in captive Asian elephants should be reassessed.
The relationship between panic disorder and major depression. A new family study.

OBJECTIVE The comorbidity between panic disorder and major depression (MDD) in individuals has been amply documented. However, data from family studies to determine whether panic disorder and MDD aggregate separately or together in families have been inconclusive, in part because of the absence of studies with the full range of proband groups. This report presents results from a family study with the necessary mutually exclusive groups: panic disorder without MDD, panic disorder with MDD, MDD without panic disorder, and normal controls. METHODS Diagnostic information was obtained from 193 probands and 1047 of their adult relatives with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia--Lifetime Version for Anxiety Disorders by direct interview, and/or from multiple informants, without knowledge of proband diagnoses. Best-estimate diagnoses were based on all available information by clinicians independently of data collection and without knowledge of probands' and other relatives' status. RESULTS Findings indicated the specific and independent transmission of panic disorder and MDD, the separation of panic disorder from MDD, and the nonfamilial nature of late-onset MDD. The pattern of results was unaffected by the use of different diagnostic criteria, number of informants, interview status of relatives, presence of substance abuse or agoraphobia or the sequence of MDD and panic disorder in probands, or whether probands were selected from treatment clinics or community sample. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that panic disorder and MDD are separate disorders with substantial co-occurrence in individuals, and that panic comorbid with MDD is not a single, distinct disorder. Finally, we illustrate an approach to examining comorbidity in family data through analysis of mutually exclusive, parallel diagnoses in probands and relatives.
Cellular Uncoupling Can Unmask Dispersion of Action Potential Duration in Ventricular Myocardium A Computer Modeling Study

Although slow conduction is a requirement for the preparation of sustained reentry, it alone is not sufficient for the initiation of reentry. Additionally, unidirectional block and recovery of excitability distal to the site of block must occur. Thus, a comprehensive description of the electrophysiological determinants of reentry must explain both slow conduction and unidirectional block. Although there is a growing body of research exploring the influence of axial resistivity and anisotropy on slow conduction, somewhat less is known about the relation of axial resistivity to spatial dispersion of action potential duration, a condition favorable to the development of unidirectional block. We hypothesized that when cells are well coupled, local differences in intrinsic action potential duration are not evident and that, as axial resistivity increases, local variation in action potential duration becomes manifest. We tested this hypothesis in a numerical model of electrical propagation in a grid of resistively coupled ionic current sources simulating a sheet of ventricular myocardium. Spatial dispersion of intrinsic action potential duration was simulated by varying the magnitude of the fully activated slow inward conductance in Beeler-Reuter membrane ionic kinetics. By then altering coupling resistance, we showed that dispersion of manifest action potential duration is masked in the setting of normal low-resistance cellular coupling and unmasked by increased axial resistance. When nonuniform anisotropy was simulated, dramatic pacing-site-dependent changes in both the pattern of activation and dispersion of action potential duration were noted. These findings may be important in understanding the mechanism of reentrant tachycardia initiation in the border zone of chronic, healed myocardial infarctions where evidence suggests that abnormal cellular coupling is the predominant electrophysiological derangement. In this study, we have shown, using a detailed ionic current-based model of cardiac electrical propagation, that changes in axial resistivity can modulate how spatial dispersion of intrinsic action potential duration is manifest.