Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Control and flight test of a tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle

Tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to perform vertical take-off and landing and their high-speed cruising abilities, thereby presenting broad application prospects. Considering portability and applications in tasks characterized by constrained or small scope areas, this article presents a compact tricopter configuration tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle with full modes of flight from the rotor mode to the fixed-wing mode and vice versa. The unique multiple modes make the tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle a multi-input multi-output, non-affine, multi-channel cross coupling, and nonlinear system. Considering these characteristics, a control allocation method is designed to make the controller adaptive to the full modes of flight. To reduce the cost, the accurate dynamic model of the tilt-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is not obtained, so a full-mode flight strategy is designed in view of this situation. An autonomous flight test was conducted, and the results indicate the satisfactory performance of the control allocation method and flight strategy.
Prevalence and etiology of oral diseases in drug-addicted populations : a systematic review

As a global social problem, drug abuse is a serious public health concern. Epidemiologic research reveals that illicit drug use influences the genesis and progression of oral diseases. Indeed, oral diseases are among the most frequently reported health problems among drug abusers. Herein, we reviewed the prevalence, disease features and etiology of dental caries, periodontal disease, oral mucosal diseases, xerostomia, bruxism and jaw clenching, tooth wear, orofacial pain and temporomandibular disease (TMD) in the setting of addiction.
Intergranular stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels: Is it still an issue?

Environmentally assisted intergranular cracking (EAC) in austenitic stainless steel piping in nuclear power plants started with extensive cracking in boiling water reactors in the 80 ́s. These events initiated extensive research programs, which led to numerous mitigation steps and lessons learned. The research, development and mitigation actions dealt with new material(s), new welding techniques and new water chemistry strategies as well as on achieving a mechanistic understanding. The actions have been mainly, but not totally, successful, and research is still ongoing and needed. This paper gives a review on EAC in stainless steels in LWR ́s and is a personal opinion of where research and measures are especially needed.
The Optimal Concentration of Primers for Enhancement of Germination Energy of Aged Soybean Seed

Two varieties, Valjevka and Victoria, were chosen in order to investigate the influence of diverse primer concentrations on germination energy of aged soybean seed. The seed was produced in the period from 2012 to 2015, i.e. three-, two-, one-year-old, and fresh seed were analyzed. The following treatments were used for seed immersion: ascorbic acid (AsA) (100 ml/l, 250 ml/l, 500 ml/l), potassium nitrate (KNO3) (1%, 3%, 5%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (1%, 3%, 5%) and control (C) (non-treated seed). The application of the lowest concentration of primer solutions improved germination energy in both varieties, regardless of seed age. Treatment with 100 ml/l AsA and 1% H2O2 increased average values by 7%, while 1% KNO3 was slightly less effective, with an increase of 5%. However, by applying solutions of inadequate concentration, the existing quality could be significantly decreased, with the germination energy reduction up to 13%. After determining the optimal concentration of all three primers and their application on seed of different age, it could be concluded that the effect of this treatment was not only seed age dependent, but it also depended on agrometeorological conditions during vegetation, primarily at the time of flowering and seed filling stage. The best effects were accomplished at three-year-old, fresh, and two-year-old seed (9%, 7%, and 6%, respectively), i.e. years in which agro-meteorological conditions, above all precipitation level, were unfavorable during the most critical stages of soybean development.
Development of Bi‐2212 Conductors for Magnet Applications

Bi‐2212/Ag superconducting composites are quite promising materials for expanding superconducting magnet applications to higher fields and temperatures than those allowed by present LTS systems. Three types of BSCCO‐2212 conductor for magnet applications are under development at Oxford Superconducting Technology (OST). Prototype size batches of multifilament tape have recently been fabricated for use in a 5 T high field insert demonstration in collaboration with the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. This insert achieved a world record setting 25 T central field in a superconducting magnet at 4.2 K. Substantial progress with multifilament wire continues, with the achievement of high field current densities (Jc) that are considerably higher than those in the multifilament tapes. Optimization of dip‐coated 2212 tape for MRI magnet applications is also underway, as part of a Superconductivity Partnership Initiative project. However, improvement of transport properties in long length conductors is neces.
Spatio-Temporal Predictability of Cellular Data Traffic

The knowledge of the upper bounds of mobile data traffic predictors provides not only valuable insights on human behavior but also new opportunities to reshape mobile network management and services as well as provides researchers with insights into the design of effective prediction algorithms. In this paper, we leverage two large-scale real-world datasets collected by a major mobile carrier in a Latin American country to investigate the limits of predictability of cellular data traffic demands generated by individual users. Using information theory tools, we measure the maximum predictability that any algorithm has potential to achieve. We first focus on the predictability of mobile traffic consumption patterns in isolation. Our results show that it is theoretically possible to anticipate the individual demand with a typical accuracy of 85% and reveal that this percentage is consistent across all user types. Despite the heterogeneity of users, we also find no significant variability in predictability when considering demographic factors or different mobility or mobile service usage. Then, we analyze the joint predictability of the traffic demands and mobility patterns. We find that the two dimensions are correlated, which improves the predictability upper bound to 90% on average.
Testing and characterization of sintered β-tricalcium phosphate coat upon zirconia dental implant using Nd:YAG laser

This study aims to fabricate and assess the β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioactive ceramic coat layer on bioinert ceramic zirconia implants through the direct laser melting technique by applying a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser of 1064 nm. Surface morphologies, adherence, and structural change in the coatings were evaluated by optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, hardness, and x-ray diffractometer. The elastic modulus (EM) of the coating was also determined using the nanoindentation test. The quality of the coating was improved when the laser power was 90 W with a decrease in the scan speed to 4 mm s−1. The chemical composition of the coat was maintained after laser processing; also, the Energy Dispersive X-ray maps showed a good distribution of Ca and P particles with some agglomeration on the surface. The crystalline nature of the β-TCPs coat can be concluded from the sharp peaks in the x-ray diffraction patterns. EM was low near the top surface of the coat and increased gradually with the depth. The microhardness value of a coated substrate was lower than the hardness value of a control substrate. Unlike conventional deposition techniques, laser processes can be used to build a coat with optimum bonding and desirable mechanical properties, indicating that processing and coating seem to be attractive for bioinert ceramic zirconia implants.This study aims to fabricate and assess the β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioactive ceramic coat layer on bioinert ceramic zirconia implants through the direct laser melting technique by applying a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser of 1064 nm. Surface morphologies, adherence, and structural change in the coatings were evaluated by optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, hardness, and x-ray diffractometer. The elastic modulus (EM) of the coating was also determined using the nanoindentation test. The quality of the coating was improved when the laser power was 90 W with a decrease in the scan speed to 4 mm s−1. The chemical composition of the coat was maintained after laser processing; also, the Energy Dispersive X-ray maps showed a good distribution of Ca and P particles with some agglomeration on the surface. The crystalline nature of the β-TCPs coat can be concluded from the sharp peaks in the x-ray diffraction patterns. EM was low near the top surface of the coat and increased graduall.
Laboratory investigation on the properties of asphalt concrete containing reclaimed asphalt pavement and waste cooking oil as recycling agent

ABSTRACT In this study different dosages of waste cooking oil (WCO), namely, 5%, 10% and 15% (by the weight of total asphalt) have been added into an asphalt concrete containing 25%, 50% and 75% of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and the effects on volumetric and Marshall properties, indirect tensile (IDT) strength, creep and fatigue behaviour have been investigated. Results show that air voids and optimum asphalt content of the mixtures decrease with the increase of WCO and RAP content, respectively. The Marshall stability, flow and IDT grow with the increase of RAP content and drop with increasing WCO dosage. The rutting resistance was found to increase with adding RAP, with lower increase for adding 50% RAP than 25% and 75%, and decrease with adding WCO, with lower decrease for adding 10% than adding 5% and 15%. Stress-controlled fatigue tests showed that the fatigue resistance of non-rejuvenated mixtures grows with increasing RAP content, and, in general, the increase of WCO dosage results in the decrease of fatigue life. According to the results of this research, inclusion of, approximately, 4%, 7% and 10% of WCO into the mixtures containing 25%, 50% and 75% of RAP, respectively, results in a mixture with almost similar properties of the control mixture.
Effect of active and vacuum packaging on the quality of dried sardine (Sardinella longiceps) during storage

Changes in biochemical, microbiological and sensory attributes of dried sardine (Sardinella longiceps) during storage in air pack (AP), vacuum pack (VP) and active pack (oxygen scavenger) (OSP) were investigated. For this purpose, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N), TBA values (TBA), free fatty acids value (FFA) and peroxide value (PV), sensory attributes and microbiological analyses were carried monthly during storage. Dried fish packed with oxygen scavenger (active packaging) was found to be the best in terms of biochemical, microbiological, sensory score and long shelf life compared to others. Instrumental analysis by colour reader (L*-value, a*-value, b*-value), textural analysis (shear force) also complimented the findings based on microbiological, biochemical and sensory analyses. Therefore, oxygen-absorbing packaging may be used to pack dried sardine. Sardine as long as 180 days without indicating sign of spoilage observation in quality.
Some salient features of the time - averaged ground vehicle wake

For a basic ground vehicle type of bluff body, the time averaged wake structure is analysed. At a model length based reynolds number of 4.29 million, detailed pressure measurements, wake survey and force measurements were done in a wind tunnel. Some flow visualisation results were also obtained. Geometric parameter varied was base slant angle. A drag breakdown revealed that almost 85% of body drag is pressure drag. Most of this drag is generated at the rear end. Wake flow exhibits a triple deck system of horseshoe vortices. Strength, existence and merging of these vortices depend upon the base slant angle. Characteristic features of the wake flow for the low drag and high drag configurations is described. Relevance of these phenomena to real ground vehicle flow is addressed.
Fast Transition between Operational Modes of a reversible Pump-Turbine

The future demands of energy production to balance more intermittent energy sources creates two main technical challenges for the hydro power production. Increased off-design operation, including both operation outside Best Efficiency Point and more starts and stops, are needed to facilitate use of more intermittent energy resources. In addition to this there is a demand for rapid change between storing and generating energy in pump storage power plants. There is therefore a need to improve the fundamental understanding of transient operation of the reversible pump turbine during different modes of operation. The present work investigates the four quadrant characteristics of a reversible pumpturbine. With focus on the fast transition between pump and turbine mode of operation. The research has consisted of both experimental work and transient simulation. A fast transition is described in this thesis as a method to change from pump to turbine mode of operation, using the head to change the direction of the pumpturbines rotational speed from pump to turbine direction. The procedure start in normal pump mode of operation and end at idle speed in turbine mode of operation, and the guide vanes are open during the whole transition. The most important contributions in this thesis is connected to the fast transition, where the field experiments is a proof of concept for the fast transition method. The pressure pulsations during the fast transition are also compared to a normal procedure of change from pump to turbine mode of operation. The fast transition is also simulated using a 1D numerical model capable of simulating both pump and turbine mode of operation. The laboratory characteristics have been important in comparison to the improved 1D simulation model. The numerical and measured results show a good correlation.
Finite element modeling of laser forming

The ability of a laser beam to heat metal sheets and establish local thermal gradiants allows the thermo-mechanical forming of complex shapes. Thermal gradients can be developed locally through the thickness direction and laterally in constricted areas. The modeling of the simplest laser forming, a fold produced by the motion of a laser beam spot along a linear path bisecting a square sheet, has been accomplished with finite element thermal and mechanical modeling. The code ABAQUS was used at M.I. T. and the combined codes TOPAZ3D/NIKE3D were used at Boeing. Melting was avoided in the tests on a number of metals and the modeling was done for conditions below melting, but the properties of the metals at elevated temperatures were not completely known. Modeling has predicted the observed spatial distribution of transient motions for the forming process that occurs during and after the laser processing. The final folding angles have been predicted and compared with measured results.The ability of a laser beam to heat metal sheets and establish local thermal gradiants allows the thermo-mechanical forming of complex shapes. Thermal gradients can be developed locally through the thickness direction and laterally in constricted areas. The modeling of the simplest laser forming, a fold produced by the motion of a laser beam spot along a linear path bisecting a square sheet, has been accomplished with finite element thermal and mechanical modeling. The code ABAQUS was used at M.I. T. and the combined codes TOPAZ3D/NIKE3D were used at Boeing. Melting was avoided in the tests on a number of metals and the modeling was done for conditions below melting, but the properties of the metals at elevated temperatures were not completely known. Modeling has predicted the observed spatial distribution of transient motions for the forming process that occurs during and after the laser processing. The final folding angles have been predicted and compared with measured results.
HowNet Based Chinese Question Automatic Classification

Question answering system can provides a precise and concise answer to a natural language query.Question classification is the first task of Question Answering System,and the precision of question classification has great effect on the subsequent processes.In this paper,we present a new method on feature extraction which uses HowNet as semantic resource,and use Maximum Entropy Model to realize it.We choose the interrogative words,syntax structure,question focus words and their first sememes as classification feature.The experiment result show that the first sememes in HowNet can express the main meaning of the question focus words,it can be as an important feature.This method can improve the precision of question classification: the classification precision of coarse classes and fine classes reaches 92.18% and 83.86% respectively.
Analysis of genetic divergence in exotic bread wheat genotypes

The present research was carried out to analysis the genetic diversity in 19 Mexican bread wheat lines for yield and its associated traits. The analysis of variance, genetic distance and principal component analysis were analyzed. Results showed that genotypes differed significantly at P ≤0.01 for all the traits, with the exception of spikelets spike, registering the significant genetic variability among the genotypes for further evaluation. Considering the genetic distance, out of 171 pairs of comparisons, 10 pairs showed the highest genetic distance which can extensively be utilized in heterosis breeding; however, 15 pairs of comparisons revealed narrow genetic distance, which may be proved useful in backcross breeding programs. In total, first three principal components accounted 61.00% variability, which is considered very high and could be utilized for further breeding programs in bread wheat.
Graphene-protected iron layer on Ni(111)

Here we report a photoemission study of the Fe intercalation underneath a graphene layer on Ni(111). The process of intercalation was monitored by means of x-ray photoemission of corresponding core levels as well as ultraviolet photoemission of the graphene-derived π states in the valence band. Thin fcc Fe layers (2–5 ML thickness) at the interface between a graphene capping layer and Ni(111) form epitaxial films passivated from the reactive environment.
Altered Decision Behavior of Dopamine Receptor Knock-out Mice in a Free Binary Choice Task

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On the growth of Co-doped BaFe2As2 thin films on CaF2

The competition between phase formation of BaF2 and Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2 on CaF2 single crystals has been analysed. Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 thin films have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies have revealed that the formation of secondary phases and misorientations as well as the growth modes of the Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 thin films strongly depend on the growth rate. At high growth rates, formation of BaF2 is suppressed. The dependency of the Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 lattice parameters supports the idea of fluorine diffusion into the crystal structure upon suppression of BaF2 formation similar as was proposed for FeSe1−xTex thin films on CaF2. Furthermore, a growth mode transition from a layer growth mechanism to a three-dimensional growth mode at high supersaturation has been found, suggesting similarities between the growth mechanism of iron-based superconductors and high-Tc cuprate thin films.
Numerical Solution of Quasi-Linear Differential-Algebraic Equations and Industrial Simulation of Multibody Systems

In this thesis we discuss the numerical integration of general quasi-linear differentialalgebraic equations (DAEs) in view of the numerical simulation of multibody systems. Based on the obtained results we develop and implement two new numerical algorithms for the numerical integration of general equations of motion as they appear in industrial applications. This thesis is focused on three topics as elucidated in the following. The first topic involves the consideration of quasi-linear DAEs in their most general form which may be underdetermined or overdetermined. Their leading matrix and the right-hand side depend on the state as well as on a given control function. As a base for the analytical considerations we develop an iterative procedure which enables us to investigate the quasi-linear DAE. This procedure is only based on relevant equations and their derivatives. This fact reduces the effort significantly in comparison with the use of other analysis concepts. This procedure allows the determination of characteristic properties of a quasi-linear DAE, in particular, the maximal constraint level which corresponds to the differentiation index in case of regular DAEs. Furthermore, based on this procedure, a regularization technique for general quasi-linear DAEs is developed. This regularization technique yields an equivalent DAE which is suited for a robust numerical integration because of its favorable properties. Based on implicit Runge-Kutta methods we develop a discretization technique which connects in an efficient and simple way the developed regularization technique with the solution of the occuring linear algebraic systems. The investigation of general equations of motion for general mechanical multibody systems is the second topic of this thesis. The obtained results with respect to general quasi-linear DAEs will be applied to the equations of motion by maximal exploitation of their structure. By use of the procedure the characteristic properties of the equations of motion will be determined and the existence and the uniqueness of a solution will be discussed. Furthermore, a simple and efficient regularization technique adapted to the equations of motion will be developed. This serves as a base for an efficient and robust numerical integration of the equations of motion. The third topic in this thesis is the development and the implementation of two new integration algorithms for the numerical integration of equations of motion in their general form as discussed previously. These algorithms are based on the combination of the regularization and discretization technique discussed above and exploit the structure of the equations of motion. Therefore, they allow an efficient and robust numerical integration. Hidden constraints as well as possible solution invariants are respected. Concluding, the efficiency and robustness of both algorithms applied to several examples are demonstrated in comparison with other commonly used numerical algorithms.