Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Cognition and Joint Activity in Collaborative Problem Solving

Troubleshooting large software systems is often highly collaborative. Because these systems consist of complex infrastructures with many interdependent components, expertise is spread across different people and organizations. Those who administer such systems are faced with cognitive and social challenges, including the establishment of common ground and coordination of attention, as they troubleshoot in collaboration with peers, technical support, and software application developers. We take a distributed cognition approach to interpreting a specific instance of problemsolving in administering a web-based system, examining the movement of representational state across media in a single system administrator's environment. We also apply the idea of language use as joint activity to understand how discourse attributes affect what is accomplished collaboratively. Our analysis focuses on information flow among participants and other sources, and how these affect what information is attended to, transmitted, and used.
Construction Grammar and its Application to English

Preface: To readers: Why you shouldn't pick up, let alone read this book 1. Introduction 2. Argument structure 3. Inside the construct-i-con 4. Constructional morphology 5. Information packaging 6. Constructions and language processing 7. Constructions and language acquisition 8. Variation and change 9. Concluding remarks.
A potential field framework for active vehicle lanekeeping assistance

In 2001, over 18000 deaths in the United States were caused by automobiles leaving the lane and colliding with a fixed object in the environment. Despite recent advances in vehicle safety, the responsibility for avoiding collisions with objects in the environment remains solely with the driver. Though humans are quite adept at this task, they are far from infallible. This work presents a potential field framework for active lanekeeping assistance that seeks to prevent accidents from lane departures. This control concept assumes by-wire technology to add control inputs (steering and braking) on top of the driver commands. The potential field concept passively couples the vehicle to the environment, seamlessly adding control inputs when necessary to aid in the lanekeeping task. For a lanekeeping assistance system, safety is of primary importance. The potential field framework provides mathematical safety guarantees for the lanekeeping performance while creating a system that works cooperatively with the driver. This thesis covers the general control structure, a method of incorporating stability and performance objectives in the potential field framework, and a Lyapunov-based method for bounding the lateral motion of the vehicle subjected to time-varying disturbances. This bounding technique is extremely general and is applicable to a wide variety of dynamic systems. The technique provides an excellent bound on the lateral motion of the vehicle in the presence of road curvature disturbances. The potential field controller is implemented on a 1997 Corvette C5 modified to include steer-bywire. The experimental results validate the theoretical lanekeeping performance of the system. The results also show that the theoretical bounds are a useful tool for the design of a potential field controller and quantitatively guarantee the nominal safety
The Development of Aspect in a Second Language: What Role for the First Language?

This book presents an empirical study on the acquisition of aspect by second language learners of French. Kevin McManus provides a critical assessment of previous research on the acquisition of aspect, turning both to conceptual and empirical work. As a consequence, this book sheds new light on the long-standing question of the contribution of a learner's first language (L1) on their acquisition of a second. Alongside the role of the L1, language universals are also addressed in this study, in which the claims of the Aspect Hypothesis are carefully examined. Data are collected from 75 English- and German-speaking university learners of French. Participants undertook three tasks: two production tasks and a sentence interpretation task. The results show that L1 form-meaning pairings for aspect significantly influence acquisition at the early stages of development. However, as proficiency increases L1 influence begins to recede. Prototypical effects appear to increase with proficiency, contrary to the Aspect Hypothesis.
Gnys at Wrk: A Child Learns to Write and Read

I. Writing * Paul: Invented Spelling * Other Young Spellers and Writers * Paul: Toward Conventional Spelling * Paul: Sustained and More Mature Writing * Summary * Educational Implications II. Reading * Paul: Working on Reading * Other Young Readers * Paul: Enjoying Reading * Paul: Working on Vocabulary (7:2--8:3) * Paul: Diversified Reading (7:7--9:11) * Summary of Paul's Reading Development * Educational Implications for Reading III. Writing and Reading * Writing and Reading Converge: Paul, Ten Years Old * Relationships between Writing and Reading in Paul's Development * Learning to Write and Read as Forms of Development * References * Index
Objects of translation material culture and medieval “hindu-muslim” encounter, Flood, Finbarr B.

382 in cooperative living and farming first, and then argued about ideology” (p. 155). The peace farmers were hampered by infighting and lack of agricultural expertise. Still, the long countercultural history of Protestant pacifism offers ways to think more broadly about radical religious influences on the better-known counterculture and New Left of the 1960s. Appelbaum does not discuss that later period in any detail, despite the book’s subtitle. Yet her research shows that pacifist practices, not simply antiwar ideas, prefigured the efforts of 1960s’ radicals. The analysis of cooperative farms marks one of the few places where Appelbaum discusses tensions within Protestant pacifism. She generally describes a unified culture without much dissent or conflict. In a time when Barack Obama uses his Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech to explain at length the inadequacy of pacifism, this book is a bit too untroubled by the question of pacifist failure in the twentieth century. Kingdom to Commune focuses on the internal workings of peace cultures and largely avoids the hard questions about violence posed by decolonization, the labor movement, and World War II. If pacifist “practice was often prior to thought” in the 1940s, that was partly because the “thought” had been so widely discredited. A more direct engagement with recent work on peace movements by scholars such as Leilah Danielson, Andrew Hunt, Marian Mollin, and James Tracy might have led Appelbaum to address at greater length the influence, or lack of influence, that pacifist culture had on wider publics. Despite these limits, Kingdom to Commune provides unique insights into the lived experience of an underappreciated American religious culture. One need not be a pacifist to marvel at the resourcefulness and audacity of these rebels. They ought to be more widely known, and Appelbaum’s work gives scholars of religion and material life an outstanding opportunity to explore their remarkable creativity.
Communautaire overtuigingen en stemgedrag

De mate waarin de Belgische kiezers zich Belg, Vlaming of Waal noemen, staat centraal in de bijdrage van Kris Deschouwer, Lieven de Winter, Min Reuchamps, Dave Sinardet en Jeremy Dodeigne. In hoofdstuk 9 bevestigen zij nogmaals dat de Vlaamse en Waalse identiteiten minder sterk zijn dan de Belgische en dat zij niet sterker worden, ondanks de grote politieke polarisering rond het thema van de staatshervorming. Dat thema was in mei 2014 – net als in het verleden – overigens weinig stembepalend. Toch verschillen de kiezerskorpsen van de partijen onderling wel van elkaar. Dat is niet zozeer het geval in Wallonie, maar wel in Vlaanderen, waar we drie groepen kiezers van elkaar kunnen onderscheiden. In de eerste groep, met de sterke voorstanders van een verdere staatshervorming en meer Vlaamse autonomie, vinden we de kiezers van de N-VA en van het Vlaams Belang. In een middengroep rond het Vlaamse gemiddelde vinden we de kiezers van CD&V. En de kiezers van Open VLD, sp.a, Groen en PvdA staan meer aan de Belgische kant van het spectrum.
Tradisi Pembacaan Naskah Nyi Sri Pohaci di Desa Rancakalong, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat

Artikel ini membicarakan tradisi pembacaan sebuah naskah berbahasa Sunda, yaitu Nyi Sri Pohaci,, di daerah Rancakabng. , Sumedang, Jawa Barai. Nyi Sri Pohaci merupakan kisah tentang Dewi Sri, Dewi Padi yang dihormati oleh para petani yang tinggal di daerah Rancakalong. Pembacaan kisah ini terkait erat dengan sebuah upacara yang selalu diselenggarakan setiap tahun di daerah tersebut, yaitu Upacara Ngalaksa, yang merupakan simbolisasi penghormatan terhadap dewi padi. Dewi Sri. Pembacaan kisah ini diiringi dengan alat musik tradisional yang disebut Tarawangsa.
Manifold Alignment without Correspondence

Manifold alignment has been found to be useful in many areas of machine learning and data mining. In this paper we introduce a novel manifold alignment approach, which differs from "semi-supervised alignment" and "Procrustes alignment" in that it does not require predetermining correspondences. Our approach learns a projection that maps data instances (from two different spaces) to a lower dimensional space simultaneously matching the local geometry and preserving the neighborhood relationship within each set. This approach also builds connections between spaces defined by different features and makes direct knowledge transfer possible. The performance of our algorithm is demonstrated and validated in a series of carefully designed experiments in information retrieval and bioinformatics.
A robust method for tracking sports players for web or mobile display

An architecture system and a method for tracking people are presented for sports applications. The system’s input is video data from static camera of a stadium and the output is the real world, real-time positions of the players during a sport event. This output can be used for low-bandwidth match play animations for web or wireless display, and for analysis of fitness and tactics of the teams and players. Firstly, in this study, an efficient real-time background modelling and maintenance is described based on the segmentation of input images into stationary and non-stationary blocks. In order to detect foreground objects a method based on background subtraction is implemented, using chromaticity and lightness, with the intention of avoiding shadows and jitters. Object tracking is achieved using a cost function of blob information such as the centroid coordinates, the covered area, the velocity and the colour. A condensation filter is also implemented in order to cope with complex cases such as when regions enter/exit the scene and when they can be occluded by other regions. Thereafter, a field estimation algorithm, which utilizes the colour information of the ground is proposed and a new robust projective transformation from real image coordinates to the upper-view, virtual ground image is applied. The results of the proposed methods, the players’ location and trajectories that provide enriched mobile services are presented and discussed.
Channel Based Medium Access Control for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks

This work proposed a novel communication protocol for dynamic, distributed wireless networks. This protocol can adapt to users movements as well as the environment changes. A scalable channel prediction scheme is required to implement the practical Channel MAC protocol in practice. We propose a mean-value based channel prediction scheme, which provides prediction with enough accuracy to be used in the Channel MAC protocol. Next, we extend the Channel MAC protocol to support multi-rate communications. We propose a safety margin based technique to provide auto rate adaptation of the multi-rate Channel MAC. The speed, fairness, and resource utilisation in wireless communications are improved by the proposed protocol compared to existing techniques.
The Discourse of Blogs and Wikis

This is an insightful analysis of the new discourse produced by blogs and wikis. Blogs and Wikis have not been with us for long, but have made a huge impact on society. Wikipedia is the best known exemplar of the wiki, a collaborative site that leads to a single text claimed by no-one; blogs, or web-logs, have exploded into the mainstream through novelisations, film adaptations and have gathered huge followings. Blogs and wikis also serve to provide a coherent basis for a discourse analysis of specific web language. What makes these forms distinctive as genres, and what ramifications does the technology have on the language? Myers looks at how blogs and wikis: allow for easier than ever publication; can claim to challenge institutional hierarchies; provide alternate perspectives on events; exemplify globalization; challenge demarcations between the personal and the public; construct new communities; and, more. Drawing on a wide range of popular blogs and wikis, the book works alongside an author blog that contains regularly updated links, references and a glossary. An essential textbook for upper level undergraduates on linguistics and language studies courses, it elucidates, informs and offers insights into a major new type of discourse. Discourse is one of the most significant concepts of contemporary thinking in the humanities and social sciences as it concerns the ways language mediates and shapes our interactions with each other and with the social, political and cultural formations of our society. The "Continuum Discourse Series" aims to capture the fast-developing interest in discourse to provide students, new and experienced teachers and researchers in applied linguistics, ELT and English language with an essential bookshelf. Each book deals with a core topic in discourse studies to give an in-depth, structured and readable introduction to an aspect of the way language is used in real life.
Support Vector Machine Classification of Microarray Data

The Problem: Use the learning from examples paradigm to make class predictions and infer genes involved in these predictions from DNA microarray expression data. Specifically, we use a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier [6] to predict cancer morphologies and treatment success and determine the relevant genes in the inference. Motivation: Previous Work: A generic approach to classifying two types of acute leukemias was introduced in Golub et. al. [3]. SVM’s have been applied to this problem [5] and also to the problem of predicting functional roles of uncharacterized yeast ORF’s [1]. Approach: We used a SVM classifier to discriminate between two types of leukemia. The output of classical SVM’s is a class designation ±1. In this particular application it is important to be able to reject points for which the classifier is not confident enough. We introduced a confidence interval on the output of the SVM that allows us to reject points with low confidence values. It is also important in this application to infer which genes are important for the classification. We have preliminary results for a feature selection algorithm for SVM classifiers. The SVM was trained on the 38 points in the training set and tested on the 34 points in the test set. Our results (see table 2 and figure (1)) are the best reported so far for this dataset.
Optimum Experimental Designs, with SAS

Experiments on patients, processes or plants all have random error, making statistical methods essential for their efficient design and analysis. This book presents the theory and methods of optimum experimental design, making them available through the use of SAS programs. Little previous statistical knowledge is assumed. The first part of the book stresses the importance of models in the analysis of data and introduces least squares fitting and simple optimum experimental designs. The second part presents a more detailed discussion of the general theory and of a wide variety of experiments. The book stresses the use of SAS to provide hands-on solutions for the construction of designs in both standard and non-standard situations. The mathematical theory of the designs is developed in parallel with their construction in SAS, so providing motivation for the development of the subject. Many chapters cover self-contained topics drawn from science, engineering and pharmaceutical investigations, such as response surface designs, blocking of experiments, designs for mixture experiments and for nonlinear and generalized linear models. Understanding is aided by the provision of "SAS tasks" after most chapters as well as by more traditional exercises and a fully supported website. The authors are leading experts in key fields and this book is ideal for statisticians and scientists in academia, research and the process and pharmaceutical industries.
Customizable Modular Lexicalized Parsing

Different NLP applications have different efficiency constraints (i.e. quality of the results and throughput) that reflect on each core linguistic component. Syntactic processors are basic modules in some NLP application. A customization that permits the performance control of these components enables their reuse in different application scenarios. Throughput has been commonly improved using partial syntactic processors. On the other hand, specialized lexicons are generally employed to improve the quality of the syntactic material produced by specific parsing (sub)process (e.g. verb argument detection or PP attachment disambiguation) . Building upon the idea of grammar stratification, in this paper a method to push modularity and lexical sensitivity, in parsing, in view of customizable syntactic analysers is presented. A framework for modular parser design is proposed and its main properties are discussed. Parsers (i.e. different parsing module chains) are then presented and their performances are analyzed in an application-driven scenarios.
guided-inquiry based laboratory instruction: investigation of critical thinking skills, problem solving skills, and implementing student roles in chemistry

A number of studies have been done on the effectiveness of laboratory instruction. Some researchers have also questioned the relevance of laboratory work in freshmen level college chemistry. What happens when students enrolled in a chemistry course do not take an equivalent laboratory course? Does taking an integrated laboratory lecture course improve the problem solving skills of students in stoichiometry and thermochemistry? This study was conducted at a large public mid-western university in two general chemistry courses investigating student performance in the lecture, based on whether or not students enrolled in the laboratory. Students enrolled in the two different general chemistry courses were interviewed on four problems in stoichiometry and thermochemistry. Findings indicate that students concurrently enrolled in the laboratory and lecture had a better understanding of the concepts of stoichiometry and thermochemistry as compared to students who did not take a laboratory course along with the lecture.
Robot Navigation for Social Tasks

An embodiment of the present invention is a method for generating a listener-interest-filled work for an audio or audio-visual work, which method comprises the steps of: (a) generating one or more average speed contours for one or more audio or audio-visual works for one or more categories of users; (b) converting the one or more average speed contours to one or more conceptual speed association data structures; and (c) forming a listener-interest-filtered conceptual speed association data structure from the one or more conceptual speed association data structures. This embodiment further includes the step of using the listener-interest-filtered conceptual speed association data structure to create a listener-interest-filtered audio or audio-visual work; or the step of converting the listener-interest-filtered conceptual speed association data structure to a listener-interest-filtered speed contour; or the step of using the listener-interest-filtered speed contour to create a listener-interest-filtered audio or audio-visual work.
Modelling water isotopes in polar ice sheets

Concentrations of water isotopes in marine sediments are a key indicator of past temperatures to whom understands the storage capacity and dynamical behaviour of the ocean, atmosphere and cryosphere and their exchanges. The contribution of the latter reservoir remains poorly established because of the paucity of deep ice cores in Greenland and Antarctica and the difficulty of interpreting these cores. To obtain the water isotope composition of ice sheets and gain an understanding of their stratigraphy, I develop a tracer transport method that I combine with numerical models of ice dynamics to predict the fine layering of polar ice such that it is locally validated at ice core sites. This sets a novel method to constrain reconstructions of ice sheets' climatic and dynamic histories. Using the UBC 3D Ice Sheet Model (ISM) of Marshall and Clarke (1997), I predict the fine layering of the Greenland Ice Sheet and use the ice core records of GRIP, Dye 3 and Camp Century to better determine the minimal ice extent during the last inter-glacial period, 127 kyr ago. I suggest that 3.5-4.5 m of sea level rise could be attributed to melting in Greenland. Tracers are also applied to Antarctica with the LGGE-ISM of Ritz et al. (2001). The 3D model is compared to simple flow models at the deep ice core sites of Dome C, Vostok and Dome Fuji to test the hypotheses on depositional conditions and dynamical conditions. These studies lead to a well-constrained stratigraphic reconstruction of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets and allow me to produce the first-ever self-consistent prediction of their bulk isotopic composition, hence closing the global water isotope budget of the Earth.