Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DMSO_A_211188 1717..1725

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis pathway is closely related to insulin resistance (IR), glucose, and lipid metabolism disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Berberine (BBR) has effect on regulating disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM. In fact, activation of the HPA axis pathway is closely related to IR, glucose, and lipid metabolism disorders in T2DM. Here, we investigated whether the therapeutic effect of BBR on T2DM rats is acted through the HPA axis pathway. Methods: In this research, we investigated the effects of BBR on the HPA-axis pathwayrelated indicators and expression of skeletal muscle glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in the high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats, and identify its possible mechanism of improving IR in T2DM. Results: BBR significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in model rats. It also improved the abnormalities of the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the insulin resistance index, the insulin sensitivity index, glucagon, and insulin levels. BBR decreased levels of hypothalamic Orexin-A, the OX2R receptor, the corticotropin-releasing hormone, the pituitary and the plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone, as well as serum and urine corticosterone. At the same time, BBR increased mRNA and protein expressions of GLUT4 in skeletal muscles of model rats as well. Conclusion: Those results suggested that BBR can exert inhibition on the HPA-axis and increased skeletal muscle expression of GLUT4 proteins, which may be one of the important mechanisms in BBR to improve IR and regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM rats.
On the Importance of Advanced Mesh Motion Models in CFD-based Numerical Wave Tanks for WEC Testing

For the economical operation of wave energy converts (WECs), energy maximising control systems (EMCSs) are included in the device design, introducing large structural motions. During the numerical modelling of WECs in CFD-based numerical wave tanks (NWTs), the structural motions must be explicitly accommodated in the finite volume domain. Using well known mesh morphing methods, large amplitude WEC oscillations may deteriorate the quality of the spatial discretisation, and push the NWT beyond the limits of numerical stability. To overcome this issue, advanced mesh motion methods, such as overset grids, have been developed; however, these methods are rarely used in numerical WEC experiments. To this end, the present paper aims to highlight the importance of advanced mesh motion methods, when modelling WECs under controlled conditions. To furthermore prove the feasibility of the overset method, implemented in the OpenFOAM framework, simulations of an uncontrolled WEC are performed, and results are compared to simulations using the mesh morphing method. It is shown that the overset method has potential to improve CFD-based models of controlled WECs, but, at the expense of increased computational cost.
Numerical Simulation and Validation for High Speed Turbulent Chemically Reacting Flows

Abstract Mixing and combustion processes in scramjet engines involve complicated aerothermochemical features such as interactions between shock-waves and boundary-layer, shock induced-combustion and recirculation zones. In this study, a numerical solver is developed and validated to be an e cient future design tool capable of simulating these complicated flow features of supersonic combustors. The flow is solved based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stocks equations (RANS), beside a chemical kinetics model for the computation the reactions finite rates. Finite-volume scheme is used where the convective fluxes are discretized by Roe’s scheme using MUSCL approach. And, the di↵usive fluxes are centrally discretized. Point-implicit Runge-Kutta method is applied for time integration. For the code validation, several test cases are to monitor the code ability to solve for the di↵erent di↵usive and turbulent fluxes, and the chemical source term. In addition, the code is validated by resolving the transverse sonic injection into supersonic air flow in case of Helium injection from a flate plate, and the case of Hydrogen injection in single-strut scramjet engine. The e↵ect of this injection technique in mixing and flame-holding is demonstrated. The results show good agreement with the previous numerical and experimental investigations. And, the numerical simulator proves its accuracy and robustness.
Skeletal abnormalities in anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a condition of self-imposed starvation associated with multiple endocrine abnormalities that contribute to low bone density in both males and females. Hormonal alterations in AN include a state of acquired growth hormone (GH) resistance with low IGF-1 levels, hypogonadism, relative hypercortisolemia, elevations in levels of ghrelin, peptide YY and adiponectin, and reductions in leptin. Weight gain associated with menstrual recovery leads to stabilization of bone density, whereas persistence of low weight and amenorrhea causes further decreases in bone density. Low bone density in AN is refractory to oral estrogen replacement, although a combination of oral estrogen with rhIGF-1 causes an increase in bone density in adult women with AN. In addition to low bone density, alterations in bone microarchitecture have been reported in AN, with reductions in apparent bone trabecular volume, trabecular thickness and number, and an increase in trabecular separation. AN may also impact stature adversely, particularly when it begins before epiphyseal fusion and is long-standing. IBMS BoneKEy. 2010 Feb;7(2):6383. ©2010 International Bone & Mineral Society
CHRONIC PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND AGING: IS MENTAL HEALTH A POTENTIAL PROTECTIVE FACTOR?

Research has shown that risk of chronic disease increases with age. Mental disorders and chronic disease are highly comorbid, with studies showing reciprocal causal relations. However, research focuses exclusively on combinations of, or a specific, mental illness. This study investigates the hypothesis that complete mental health is a protective factor against, while mental illness is a risk factor for, chronic (physical) conditions with age. Mental health is conceived of as a syndrome of subjective wellbeing consisting of symptoms of hedonia (positive feelings toward life) and eudaimonia (positive functioning in life). A categorical diagnosis of the presence of mental health, described as flourishing, and the absence of mental health, characterized as languishing, are described and applied to data from the MIDUS study of 3,032 adults, 25-74 years old. Data were also collected regarding 12-month prevalence of major depressive episode (MDE), and complete mental health is the absence of any of MDE and the presence of flourishing. Descriptive findings revealed a strong association of the complete mental health diagnostic categories with 23 of the 27 self-reported chronic conditions. In multivariate regression, quantity of chronic disease increased with age and was higher among moderately mentally healthy and adults with MDE, compared with the completely mentally healthy. Chronic conditions increased exponentially with age among adults with pure languishing and adults with languishing and a MDE. At all ages, completely mentally healthy adults reported the fewest chronic conditions, suggesting it may act as a protective factor in aging.
Nepal emission inventory – Part I: Technologies and combustion sources (NEEMI-Tech) for 2001–2016

Abstract. The lack of a comprehensive, up-to-date emission inventory for the Himalayan region is a major challenge in understanding the extensive regional air pollution, including its causes, impacts and mitigation pathways. This study describes a high-resolution (1 km × 1 km) present-day emission inventory for Nepal, developed with a higher-tier approach. The complete study is divided into two parts; this paper covers technologies and combustion sources in residential, industrial, commercial, agricultural diesel-use and transport sectors as Part I (NEEMI-Tech), while emissions from the open burning of municipal waste and agricultural residue in fields and fugitive emissions from waste management, paddy fields, enteric fermentation and manure management for the period 2001–2016 will be covered in Part II (NEEMI-Open). The national total energy consumption (except hydropower, solar and wind energy) estimated in the base year 2011 was 374 PJ, with the residential sector being the largest energy consumer (79 %), followed by industry (11 %) and the transport sector (7 %). Biomass is the dominant energy source, contributing to 88 % of the national total energy consumption, while the rest is from fossil fuel. A total of 8.9 Tg of CO2, 110 Gg of CH4, 2.1 Gg of N2O, 64 Gg of NOx, 1714 Gg of CO, 407 Gg of NMVOCs, 195 Gg of PM2.5, 23 Gg of BC, 83 Gg of OC and 24 Gg of SO2 emissions were estimated in 2011 from the five energy-use sectors considered in NEEMI-Tech. The Nepal emission inventory provides, for the first time, temporal trends of fuel and energy consumption and associated emissions in Nepal for a long period, 2001–2016. The energy consumption showed an increase by a factor of 1.6 in 2016 compared to 2001, while the emissions of various species increased by a factor of 1.2–2.4. An assessment of the top polluting technologies shows particularly high emissions from traditional cookstoves and space-heating practices using biomass. In addition, high emissions were also computed from fixed-chimney Bull's trench kilns (FCBTKs) in brick production, cement kilns, two-wheeler gasoline vehicles, heavy-duty diesel freight vehicles and kerosene lamps. The monthly analysis shows December, January and February as periods of high PM2.5 emissions from the technology-based sources considered in this study. Once the full inventory including open burning and fugitive sources (Part II) is available, a more complete picture of the strength and temporal variability in the emissions and sources will be possible. Furthermore, the large spatial variation in the emissions highlights the pockets of growing urbanization, which emphasize the importance of the detailed knowledge about the emission sources that this study provides. These emissions will be of value for further studies, especially air-quality-modeling studies focused on understanding the likely effectiveness of air pollution mitigation measures in Nepal.
Infecção no trajeto dos fios e pinos do fixador externo de Ilizarov: estudo bacteriológico*

Infeccao no trajeto dos fios e dos pinos e complicacao comum e muitas vezes significante durante o uso de fixadores externos. A utilizacao de drogas antimicrobianas na interface implante-pele pode criar condicoes desfavoraveis ao crescimento desses germes, reduzindo o numero de infeccoes. O objetivo com esta pesquisa foi realizar um estudo bacteriologico da secrecao colhida do trajeto de fios e pinos infectados, em pacientes utilizando o fixador externo de Ilizarov. Foram coletadas 28 amostras (27 pacientes), sendo 20 no trajeto de fios de Kirschner e oito no trajeto de pinos de Schanz. Das 28 culturas, 25 apresentaram crescimento de um microorganismo e tres, de dois microorganismos. O germe prevalente foi o Staphylococcus aureus em 20 das: amostras (prevalencia de 0,645). Aplicando-se o teste do qui-quadrado para amostras independentes (Χc2), nao foi possivel encontrar associacao estatisticamente significante entre o tipo de microorganismo isolado e o sexo do paciente, faixa etaria, tipo de implante, periodo entre a cirurgia e o inicio da infeccao, e regiao acometida (p > 0,05). Diante dos resultados observados, os autores sugerem a adocao profilatica de uma droga antimicrobiana topica, com espectro para bacterias gram-positivas, na interface fio/pino-pele durante o uso de dispositivos de fixacao externa
The Effect of Non-Equilibrium Solidification on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of AZ91 Alloy

AZ91 alloy was cast in a steel mould pre-exposed to three different temperatures: -196 ºC, 20 ºC and 650 ºC. The aim of the study was to determine the difference in the microstructure and mechanical properties between the castings formed in a cold mould and those solidifying under near-equilibrium conditions in a mould pre-heated to 650 ºC. Solidification at a low temperature led to dispersion of the structure elements as well as supersaturation of the solid solution of aluminium in magnesium. The heat treatment results indicate that the alloy solidified in the mould pre-exposed to 20 ºC can be successfully aged (heat treated to the T5 temper). It was found that the effect of the ageing process (T5 temper) was greater than the effect of the microstructure fragmentation, which was due to rapid solidification. The ageing results were assessed by comparing the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 brought to the T5 condition with those obtained for the material in the T6 condition.
Comparing the population structure of two sympatric caddisflies in eastern Europe: First results

In our study to examine and compare the intraspecific population structure of two sympatric caddisfly species in the Carpathians and Bulgarian highlands and address how population genetic structure varies between sympatric species that occupy the same ecological niche. Study species are Drusus discolor and D. romanicus. 99 specimens of D. discolor and 42 D. romanicus (Total = 141) were sequenced. A 498bp long region of mitochondrial DNA (mtCOI) was analysed. median-Joining networks show that in both species there is clear population structure within the Carpathian mts. This supports previous findings of intraspecific differentiation between individual ranges in the Carpathians. Lineage divergence within D. romanicus is twice as high as within D. discolor. This would suggest that populations of D. romanicus have been isolated from each other much longer than those of D. discolor. A more in depth study comparing both species phylogeography is needed to further investigate this interesting first results.
Cooperative Robotics in Marine Monitoring and Exploration

Marine robotics play a great role in modern exploration of marine environments. The Laboratory for Underwater Systems and Technologies of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing of the University of Zagreb is involved in marine robotics research and is currently participating in a number of marine robotics related projects. This paper addressed the issue of using multiple cooperative marine robots (surface and underwater) for marine monitoring and exploration within the scope of CroMarX project. The project brings a new dimension to marine monitoring and exploration by introducing cooperative marine robots that increase operational efficiency. The main objective of the CroMarX project is to investigate and develop cooperative control algorithms in the area of marine robotics, taking into account both unmanned surface marine vehicles (USVs) and an unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) for the purpose of marine monitoring and exploration.
Tea tree oil a new natural adjuvant for inhibiting glioblastoma growth

Tea Tree oil (TTO), the essential oil from the Australian native Melaleuca alternifolia has demonstrated a variety of beneficial efficacies including antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory. This report discusses data obtained on the in vitro activity of TTO on human glioblastoma cells U87MG. Cell viability was examined by 2-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide MTT assay. Growth was investigated by incubating cells with various concentrations of TTO (0.025 and 0.05 %) for 24, 48 or 72 h and daily cell count. Cell cycle and apoptosis assay were assessed by flow citometry. TTO decreased cell viability in a dose and time-dependent manner. The cell cycle distribution showed that TTO enhanced the accumulation of the cells in G0/G1 phase. The analysis by Western blot of protein related to cell cycle (CDK2 and p27), cell apoptosis (caspase 6 and 8), necrosis (TNFR1 and RIP1) demonstrated that TTO induces U87MG growth inhibition by more synergic mechanisms: necrosis, low level apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. TTO induces also in vivo glioblastoma tumor growth inhibition in a murine subcutaneous model. Key words: Brain cancer, tea tree oil, terpinol, glioblastoma, natural drug, adjuvant chemotherapy, temozolomide, apoptosis, cell cycle.
Inpatient Group Psychotherapy

This essential book for front-line clinicians offers new ways of conceptualizing the techniques of group therapy for use on acute wards. Yalom makes a strong case for the efficacy of group therapy on all acute wards. He discusses how to structure the session and the kind of support that should be offered. The emphasis is on the here-and-now. He then presents two models of groups: one for the higher functioning and one for the more regressed psychotic patients.
Japanese Adult Learners' Interpretation of Long-distance Binding of English Reflexives in Embedded Infinitival Clauses

It is widely known that English and Japanese differ with respect to the local domain of reflexive pronouns. English is considered to be more restrictive a language in that a reflexive has to refer to a noun phrase (NP) within a clause. Hence, in Sentence 1a, the reflexive herself refers only to the local antecedent Mary (local binding), but not to the longdistance (LD) antecedent Susan. On the other hand, in the corresponding Japanese sentence (1b), the reflexive zibun can refer either to the local antecedent Mary or the LD antecedent Susan (LD binding).
Routes to ( in ) justice : a research review on the reporting , investigation and prosecution of rape cases

This review of the literature on the reporting, investigation and prosecution of rape cases was commissioned by Her Majesty’s Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate (CPSI) to inform this inspection. The brief required addressing a number of specific questions; this edited version is presented as an overview of the current state of knowledge. The review consists of nine sections: an introduction and context setting; aims, objectives and methodology; what we know about the prevalence and reporting of rape; understanding the attrition process; reporting and initial investigation; the role of prosecutors; the court process; statute law and conclusions.
A 4.15 kV 9.07-m cm 4H–SiC Schottky-Barrier Diode Using Mo Contact Annealed at High Temperature

In this letter, we report the fabrication of high-voltage and low-loss 4H–SiC Schottky-barrier diodes (SBDs) with a performance close to the theoretical limit using a Mo contact annealed at high-temperature. High-temperature annealing for the Mo contact was found to be effective in controlling the Schottky-barrier height at 1.2–1.3 eV without degradation of n-factor and reverse characteristics. We successfully obtained a 1-mm Mo–4H–SiC SBD with a breakdown voltage ( ) of 4.15 kV and a specific on resistance ( on) of 9.07 m cm, achieving a best 2 on value of 1898 MW/cm. We also obtained a 9-mm Mo–4H–SiC SBD with of 4.40 kV and on of 12.20 m cm.
NDT_A_195562 883..894

Ruili Li* Wei Wang* Yuanyuan Wang* Sönke Peters Xiaodong Zhang Hongjun Li 1Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China; 2Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany; 3Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
Green Financing: An Emerging Form of Sustainable Development in Bangladesh

Green financing is a term that refers to sustainable development projects and initiatives, environmentally friendly products and policies that encourage financial investment to stimulate more sustainable economy. This paper mainly determines the allocation of green financing to the various green projects by categorized banking and non banking sectors in Bangladesh. This study shows the trend of the refinancing project for the green products by the Bangladesh Bank. The research is based on the secondary data in the descriptive and analytical nature. This study observes that the Private Commercial Banks (80.4 percent) contribute more funds to the green project and the tendency to reinvest in green projects is increasing day by day. This study recommends in order stimulating the advancement of sustainable development in Bangladesh, it is important to review the policies related to green financing.
FIELD STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF LAMENESS IN HORSES IN THREE PROVINCES OF IRAN

A population of 364 show jumper horses was examined for signs of lameness in three province of Iran, i.e., Tehran, Isfahan and Fars. The basis of the survey was the inability of the horse to take part in jumping exercise. The diagnosis of lameness was performed using appropriate methods of visual and physical examination, aided by nerve blocking and radiographic examination. In 364 horses, included cases of hygroma, very short heel, tendonitis, fissure in the hoof, navicular syndrome, laminitis, white line disease, splints, sore shine, side bone, ring bone, tumoral calcinosis, sheard heel, incorrect shoeing and wind puff. This suggests that the diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis of lameness merit a high priority in research efforts to reduce wastage among valubale show jumper horses.
UZAKTAN EĞİTİME HEMŞİRELİK EĞİTİMİ PENCERESİNDEN BİR BAKIŞ

OZET Uzaktan egitim, egitmen ve ogrencinin farkli mekanlarda bulundugu, ogrencinin kendi istegiyle etkin olarak egitime katildigi bir egitim deneyimidir. Gunumuzde dunyada uzaktan egitim yoluyla ogretim yapan bircok universite bulunmaktadir. Ancak ul kemizde uzaktan egitimin hemsirelik egitiminde kullanilmasi oldukca sinirlidir. Bununla birlikte hemsirelik egitiminde, ogrencilere becerileri ogretme ve becerilere iliskin yetkinlik kazandirmada, teorik ve pratik egitimin esit oneme sahip oldugu unutulmamalidir. Bu nedenle uzaktan egitim, hemsirelik egitimi icin tek basina kullanilacak bir yontem olmak yerine, orgun ogretimi destekleyen, hasta guvenligini saglayan, yasam boyu ogrenmeyi pekistiren ve firsat esitligi saglayan bir yontem olarak degerlendirilmeli ve bu sekliyle kullanimi yayginlastirilmalidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Uzaktan egitim; hemsirelik egitimi ABSTRACT An Overview Of Nursing Education To Distance Education Concept Distance education, where teachers and students in different locations, with the participation of the student's education as an effective educational experience at your request. Nowadays, many universities around the world teaches through distance education. The use of distance education in nursing education in our country is quite limited, however. Nursing education, teaching students the skills and competence for gaining skills, equal importance should be noted that theoretical and practical training. For this reason, distance education should be used as a method for support patient safety, provide lifelong learning, instead of being a stand-alone method for nursing education and the usage of this form should be expanded. Keywords: Distance education; nursing education