Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Teaching Methods in Improving Level of Knowledge about Reproductive Health among Female Students Hadhramout University

Background: Reproductive health (RH) care is a set of methods, techniques and services that contribute to reproductive health and wellbeing by resolving reproductive health (RH) problems. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of different teaching methods in improving level of knowledge about reproductive health among female student Hadhramout University. Subjects and methods: The study was conducted in two colleges from Hadhramout University (College of Nursing & Girls) at Mukalla City, Yemen using a quasi experimental design. It involved 100 female students from Nursing and Girls Colleges from students were registered in the first grade during academic year 2014~2015. The data collection tools were an interview questionnaire composed of two parts: asocio-demographic characteristics, and b-knowledge of students about reproductive health issues used at pre-post test to evaluate the improvement of students knowledge regarding reproductive health (RH) issues. The data collection lasted from November 2014~January 2015. Results: Showed that the total score of satisfactory knowledge about reproductive health (RH) issues; Puberty, Fertilization, STDs, Marriage, Family planning, FGM, and Feminine hygiene among intervention group students improved from (2%, 8%, 16%, 14%, 6%, 10%, and 16%) respectively in pretest, to (94%, 96%, 94%, 98%, 98%, 98%, and 98%) respectively in posttest, compared to slightly increase among self-learning group students from (8%, 20%, 22%, 58%, 34%, 36%, and 52%) respectively in pretest, to (10%, 28%, 26%, 60%, 40%, 46, and 58%) respectively in posttest. Highly statistically significant in total score of knowledge among intervention and selflearning groups after the program implementation (P = 0.000). Conclusion and recommendations: The different teaching methods intervention had a positive impact on increasing the female students awareness regarding to reproductive health issues among intervention group. The study recommends conducting health education services about reproductive health issues in every college, booklet about reproductive health issues should be available in every college in addition to every medical care services.
Do Institutions Matter for FDI ? Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries

This study investigates the determinants of FDI inflows in the Central and Eastern European (CEEC) by incorporating the traditional factors and institutional variables over 1996-2009. The study further identifies whether and how these determinant factors differ across three sectors (primary, manufacturing, and services) by using a disaggregated sectoral FDI dataset. In the study, the role of institutions is investigated with a set of selected institutional indices: economic freedoms, state fragility, political rights, and civil liberties. The estimation results verify the economically significant effect of GDP size, openness, EU membership, and institutions (especially economic freedoms) on FDI inflows in the CEEC. The results also reveal the existence of notable differences in the determinant factors across sectors that should be taken into account by policy-makers in designing the FDI strategies of the CEEC. JEL Classification: C23, F21, F23
Numerical modeling of material fluxes on the floodplain wetland of the Pilica River , Poland

Numerical NCCHE2D hydraulic model has be en used for prediction and better understanding of the sedimentation processes on a floodplain of t he Pilica River. Study site has an area 26.6 ha, an d is located on the Pilica River left bank floodplain 4.5 km SW of Sulejow town. The sedimentation process ha ve been measured in the field using 12 sediment traps placed at characteristic parts of the terrain in 5 transects. Two scenarios have been assumed of natural vegetati on cover and vegetation cover altered by introducti on of willow plantations Results for the simulations of f low have shown that the introduction of even relati vely small area of the willow plantations considerably r educe the velocity field inside such a crop cover. Research has been done in the framework of US-Poland Technol ogy Transfer Program of US Agency for International Development (US-AID)
The acute toxicity of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate ( LAS ) detergent to Clarias gariepinus

The acute toxicity of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) detergent to Clarias gariepinus fingerlings was investigated using static bioassay's and continuous aeration over a period of 9617. The 96h LC50 was determined as 24,00ingL-1. During tl7e exposure period, the test fish exhibited several behavioural changes before death such as restlessness, rapid swimming, loss of balance, respiratory distress and haemorrhaging of gill filaments amongst others. Opercula ventilation rate as well as visual examination of dead fish indicates lethal effects of the detergent On the fish. Water quality examination showed increase in pl-1 from 6.55 to the alkaline death point of 10.55. There was also a remarkable rise of alkalinity from 20.00mgL-1 to 52.50mgL-1. 1W-words: Toxicity, Canas ganepinuslirigerlingssays and detergent. INTRODUCTION Detergents are common household products used for the cleaning of domestic materials. The "after wash" of these detergents are either deliberately drained into the aquatic environment such as pond, lakes, rivers, streams etc or find their way into the aquatic environment by natural seepage. Toxicity is a function of concentration and the duration of exposure of an organism to a toxicant. The validity of a detergent as a toxicant depends on the response of the test animal, their mode of action and the toxicity of the substance in relation to their chemical and physical structures (Moss et. al, 1980). Fish is of one of the most important non-target aquatic organism affected by detergent pollution. Abel, (1974) documented that synthetic detergents are acutely toxic to fish of concentrations between 0.4 and 40mg/L, Okwuosa and Osuala, (1993) reported that considerable amount of detergent have been found to exist in Nigerian freshwater systems where they generally affect several aquatic organisms-Communal washing, a common practice in many water bodies in Nigeria could lead to a build up of detergent level in natural waters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) detergent with the trade name Kiln in Nigeria was used for this investigation. The test concentration were prepared with reference to the Manual of Method in Aquatic Environment Research, FAO Fisheries Technology paper volume 247 by dissolving 220mg of the powder in two litres of distilled water. From the stock solution, the following concentrations were prepared along the principle of serial dilution method of Warner, (1962) into 60.00 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 15.00mg/L, 7.50mg/L, 3.75 mg/L while dechlorinated tap water formed the control at 0.00mg/L. Healthy unsexed Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, mean body
Learning Noun Cases Using Sequential Neural Networks

Morphological declension, which aims to inflect nouns to indicate number, case and gender, is an important task in natural language processing (NLP). This research proposal seeks to address the degree to which Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are efficient in learning to decline noun cases. Given the challenge of data sparsity in processing morphologically rich languages and also, the flexibility of sentence structures in such languages, we believe that modeling morphological dependencies can improve the performance of neural network models. It is suggested to carry out various experiments to understand the interpretable features that may lead to a better generalization of the learned models on cross-lingual tasks.
Adaptive Decision Making Using Probabilistic Programming and Stochastic Optimization

This work seeks to understand the connections between learning and decision making under uncertainty. Specifically, we ask that question: when we are going to use learned models within the loop of a larger decision making process, how should we alter the learning procedure or somehow tune the learning to the specific needs of the actual decision making task? To answer this question, we developed a theory of task based model learning, learning models tuned not (just) for predictive accuracy, but to optimize the closed loop performance of a decision making procedure (specifically, those based on stochastic optimization) that uses these models as an intermediate step. Training such models requires that we differentiate through an optimization problem, for which we developed the theory and implementations. On several tasks, we show that such learning substantially outperforms traditional learning processes, where the learning and decision making stages are separate.
Localisation of mRNA for h 5-HT 1 B and h 5-HT 1 D receptors in human dorsal raphe

In the mammalian mesencephalon, virtually all serotoninergic neurons are located in the raphe nuclei and the adjacent reticular formation. Pharmacological evidence obtained in rodents suggests that terminal and somatodendritic autoreceptors controlling serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) release belong to the 5-HT1B/D subtype of receptors, whereas somatodendritic autoreceptors controlling neuronal cell firing are predominantly of the 5-HT1A subtype. This study investigated the presence of h5-HT1D and h5-HT1B receptor mRNA within the subdivisions of the dorsal raphe of post-mortem human brains by means of in situ hybridisation. Although differences in the labelling intensity, which may be caused by different preand/or post-mortem conditions, were obvious among the specimens, all brains expressed both the h5-HT1D and the h5-HT1B mRNA in dorsal raphe neurons. In comparison to h5-HT1D mRNA, expression of h5-HT1B mRNA was slightly more abundant. Information on the existence and localisation of h5-HT1D and h5-HT1B receptors in human dorsal raphe neurons confirms that both subtypes may serve an autoreceptor function in humans. This finding is of pharmacological relevance since these receptors are potential new targets for therapeutic interventions in psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety.
Different Stress Tolerances of Juveniles of the Coral Acropora tenuis Associated with Clades C1 and D Symbiodinium.

Ikuko Yuyama, Takashi Nakamura, Tomihiko Higuchi, and Michio Hidaka (2016) Reef-building corals are often associated with multiple clades of symbiotic dinoflagellate Symbiodinium spp. , where the relative composition of Symbiodinium can alter the phylogenetic properties (e.g., stress responsiveness, growth rate) of the host coral. The genus Symbiodinium contains nine clades, some of which behave differently in response to strong light and/or temperature stresses, for example, clade D Symbiodinium are thermally tolerant. However, previous studies are based on corals present in the field, and it is possible that the corals used in previous experiments did not contain single Symbiodinium clades. For an accurate assessment of the effects of each Symbiodinium clade on host thermal stress resistance, monoclonal cultures of clades C1 and D were inoculated into aposymbiotic juvenile polyps. Photosynthetic efficiency (maximum quantum yield: F v /F m) showed a decline at 30°C than at 25°C in both clades. Symbiodinium clade C1 showed a consistently higher rETRmax with larger fluctuations than clade D, with a lower survival rate of juveniles during thermal stress treatment. Under strong light exposure, corals containing clade C1 showed a greater decline in F v /F m (-74%), compared to decline in corals associated with clade D (-50%) after 3 hours. This is the first study to assess stress tolerances of juvenile corals in association with the monoclonal Symbiodinium clades C and D, and our results indicated greater tolerance of corals associated with clade D to strong light (500 μmol m-2 s-1). However, it is difficult to determine the impact of high-temperature stress on coral-algae symbiosis from photosynthetic activity. At high temperatures, clade C1 Symbiodinium exhibited high photosynthetic activity, but host survival rates were higher in corals associated with clade D Symbiodinium. Since clade C1 has a relatively high photosynthetic activity under high temperatures, clade C1 symbiosis at high temperatures might have a negative impact on corals compared with clade D.
Comparison of Codon Optimized and Non-Optimized Influenza HA DNA Vaccines

An effective antibody response is essential for immunity against influenza (Flu) virus infection and is the primary goal for Flu vaccines. In this study, codon optimized and wild type DNA vaccines expressing hemmaglutinin (HA) antigens of human flu viruses A/H1N1/NewCal/20/99 (H1 serotype) were compared. Expression levels of HA antigens were increased in 293T cells transiently transfected with codon optimized as compare to the wild type HA gene construct. The codon optimized vaccine was able to elicit a greater immune response in rabbits and mice as measured by ELISA testing of the temporal response and end antibody titers.
Phytochemical and antimicrobial investigations on various parts of Sida acuta Burm

Sida acuta Burm. f. belongs to the mallow family, Malvaceae. The study investigated the quantitative phytochemical contents and in vitro antimicrobial activities of S. acuta at different concentrations using standard techniques. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations for the absolute concentrations were determined by Agar well diffusion method. Test of significance was measured using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. There were presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, cardiac glycosides, terpenoid, anthraquinone and steroid in the leaf, stem and root of the plant at varying levels. Alkaloid at 2.31±0.03mg/100g was the highest and it was detected in the leaf. All the plant parts exhibited inhibitory activities against all the test organisms but were dose-dependent. At 500 mg/ml, the leaf extract gave highest inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus varians, Candida albicans while the root extract gave highest inhibition of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Aspergillus flavus. Findings of this study, therefore, showed that all parts of S. acuta, particularly the leaf and the root, possessed antimicrobial properties which can be pharmaceutically harnessed.
Deep Features For Image Retrieval

Aggregating Deep Features For Image Retrieval Mohammad Eiad Kazkaz Measuring visual similarity between two images is useful in several multimedia applications such as visual search and image retrieval. However, measuring visual similarity between two images is an ill-posed problem which makes it a challenging task.This problem has been tackled extensively by the computer vision and machine learning communities. Nevertheless, with the recent advancements in deep learning, it is now possible to design novel image representations that allow systems to measure visual similarity more accurately than existing and widely adopted approaches, such as Fisher vectors. Unfortunately, deep-learning-based visual similarity approaches typically require post-processing stages that can be computationally expensive. To alleviate this issue, this thesis describes deep-learning-based visual image representations that allow a system to measure visual similarity without requiring post-processing stages. Specifically, this thesis describes max-pooling-based aggregation layers that combined with a convolutional-neural-network-based produce rich image representations for image retrieval without requiring an expensive post-processing stages. Moreover, the proposed max-pooling-based aggregation layers are general and can be seamlessly integrated with any existing and pre-trained networks. The experiments on large-scale image retrieval datasets confirm that the introduced image representations yield visual similarity measures that achieve a comparable or better retrieval performance than state-of-the art approaches, without requiring expensive post-processing operations.
Hybridization within the species complex of the scleractinan coral Montastraea annularis

The morphologically variable reef coral previously known as Montastraea annularis (Ellis and Solander, 1786) has recently been separated into three species based on dierences in morphology, behavior, allele frequencies and some life-history traits of Panamanian specimens. To further investigate the proposed reclassi®cation and its conformity to the biological species concept we conducted reciprocal intraand interspeci®c fertilization experiments with gametes from each of the three species on Florida reefs. With one exception, self-fertilization rates were very low or zero. Withinspecies crosses resulted in production of planulae, as did all inter-species (hybrid) crosses, but there was much variation in fertilization success within each type of cross. In an experiment with separated gametes, hybrid crosses between M. annularis and M. franksi produced more larvae than within-species crosses for each species. Hybridization crosses between M. faveolata and the other two species produced fewer larvae than did withinM. faveolata crosses in the experiment with separated gametes, but many larvae resulted when the hybridizations were performed by mixing entire gamete bundles. Additional observations showed that M. franksi had 20% larger eggs and fewer eggs per gamete bundle than did the other two species and that it consistently spawned 1 to 1.5 h before the others, a potential temporal barrier to hybridization. These results indicate that there is no inherent pre-zygotic barrier to cross-fertilization among the three morphological species, although post-zygotic survival and fertility remain to be determined. The adherence of the proposed reclassi®cation to the biological species concept requires further examination.
Off-Farm Income ’ s Share and Farm Investment among Small-Scale Farmers in North-Central Nigeria : The Heckman ’ s Selection Model Approach

The study evaluated the probability of investing offfarm income’s share of household income in farming among small-scale farmers in North-Central Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 360 respondents. Primary data for the study were analysed using Heckman’s two-stage selection model. The lambda of the model was 1.38%, while the chisquare was significant. While education, household size and operating profit margin significantly (p < 0.05) increased the probability of off-farm work participation, education, total crop revenue, primary occupation, farm asset to household asset ratio, and asset turnover ratio significantly (p < 0.05) increased investible off-farm income’s share. Thus, factors in the business environment, other than government policies, shape off-farm work and farm investment decisions. Therefore, policy thrust should focus on interest and tax rates reduction and ease of farm asset acquisition for small-scale farmers.
Evaluation of CMIP5 Global Climate Models for Simulating Climatological Temperature and Precipitation for Southeast Asia

This study evaluates the performances of all forty different global climate models (GCMs) that participate in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for simulating climatological temperature and precipitation for Southeast Asia. Historical simulations of climatological temperature and precipitation of the 40 GCMs for the 40-year period of 1960–1999 for both land and sea and those for the century of 1901–1999 for land are evaluated using observation and reanalysis datasets. Nineteen different performance metrics are employed. The results show that the performances of different GCMs vary greatly. CNRM-CM5-2 performs best among the 40 GCMs, where its total error is 3.25 times less than that of GCM performing worst. The performance of CNRM-CM5-2 is compared with those of the ensemble average of all 40 GCMs (40-GCM-Ensemble) and the ensemble average of the 6 best GCMs (6-GCM-Ensemble) for four categories, i.e., temperature only, precipitation only, land only, and sea only. While 40-GCM-Ensemble performs best for temperature, 6-GCM-Ensemble performs best for precipitation. 6-GCM-Ensemble performs best for temperature and precipitation simulations over sea, whereas CNRM-CM5-2 performs best over land. Overall results show that 6-GCM-Ensemble performs best and is followed by CNRM-CM5-2 and 40-GCM-Ensemble, respectively. The total errors of 6-GCM-Ensemble, CNRM-CM5-2, and 40-GCM-Ensemble are 11.84, 13.69, and 14.09, respectively. 6-GCM-Ensemble and CNRM-CM5-2 agree well with observations and can provide useful climate simulations for Southeast Asia. This suggests the use of 6-GCM-Ensemble and CNRM-CM5-2 for climate studies and projections for Southeast Asia.
Undergraduate Student Education Programs Regarding Braille Literacy: A Transnational Comparative Study

Developing braille literacy skills represents one of the major goals of the education process for students with vision impairment. Fluency and accuracy in reading and writing facilitate access to information, development of knowledge, active participation, functionality, and independence in social contexts. One of the essential factors that can influence the success in the learning process of the braille code consists of the competences of teachers of students with vision impairment who teach braille. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reflections of 95 undergraduate special education students on their training programs regarding braille in their role as future special education teachers. Data were obtained through questionnaires which were administered in two departments of special education in two European universities. The results reported upon undergraduate students’ reflections on their study in braille and confidence in teaching braille to students who are blind. The findings highlighted the need for further training into the braille code in conjunction with its literary and scientific notation.
Factors associated with mortality of oral squamous cell carcinoma ( OSCC ) patients managed at Hospital USM

This study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinicopathological factors that were associated with mortality of OSCC patients managed at Hospital USM. The prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in these patients and its association with epithelial proliferation rate were also determined. A retrospective study was conducted whereby medical records of patients diagnosed with OSCC and tissue specimens from 2005 to 2015 were studied. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens were evaluated for histological grading of OSCC, p16 overexpression and Ki-67 immunostaining. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistics regressions were used for data analysis. Prognostic factors for mortality includes male gender (AOR=10.89; 95% CI: 1.99, 59.65; p = 0.006), alcohol consumption (AOR = 16.45; 95% CI: 1.36, 59.65; p = 0.028), not receiving treatment (AOR = 5.88; 95% CI: 1.03, 33.61; p = 0.046) and late stage (T3, T4) at presentation (AOR = 4.85; 95% CI: 1.12, 21.02; p = 0.035). Significant association was found between high-risk HPV positivity and higher epithelial proliferation rate expression (p < 0.003) in the OSCC tissue specimens.