Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND FAMILY STUDIES ADULT INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AND YOUTH DELINQUENCY: RELATIONSHIPS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION

There is a lack of research on the developmental progression of perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). Additionally, there is a lack of research examining the association between adulthood IPV and juvenile delinquency. For instance, why do some delinquent adolescents commit acts of IPV during adulthood while others do not? This literature review attempts to address these gaps by examining the intersection of two bodies of literature: adult IPV and juvenile delinquency. First, I review the theories and extant research that help inform our understanding of adult IPV perpetration and its development followed by a similar review of the theories and research on youth delinquency. An emphasis is placed on theories of causation, subtypes of perpetrators, models of developmental progression, and trajectories of delinquency. After reviewing IPV and juvenile delinquency separately, I suggest ways that the two bodies of literature can be integrated in order to highlight the connections and similarities across the theories and research on IPV and delinquency. Finally, implications for intervention/prevention and directions for future research will be discussed. This review concludes with several key points. First, research suggests that multiple risk factors for IPV are also risk factors for high levels of delinquency in adolescence. Second, the chronic and late-onset offender trajectories appear to be the type of offenders who are most likely to commit IPV, while the violent/antisocial perpetrators appear to be the subtype of perpetrators who are most likely to exhibit delinquency outside of the home. Third, intervention/prevention programs should be implemented as early as possible, tailored to a particular group of offenders or subtype of
Emotional Intelligence and SLA: The Case of Interlanguage Pragmatic Competence

The development of different sub-competences of second/foreign language is affected by a variety of cognitive, personal, and social factors (Ellis, 1994). As for personal factors, a wide range of emotional variables have been incorporated into second language acquisition (SLA) studies; however, emotional intelligence (EQ) is relatively new to this domain (Pishghadam, 2009). Given that EQ seems to affect EFL learners' interlanguage pragmatic competence (ILP) development due to the face-threatening nature of some of the speech acts involved and in an attempt to explore the nature of the tentative interrelationship, the researcher administered the Bar-On EQ-i (1996) questionnaire as an EQ measure, two ILP competence tests, and a TOEFL test to 52 Iranian EFL majors. The analyses results did not reveal any significant correlation between EQ, ILP competence and general English proficiency despite the evident strong correlation between the ILP and general English proficiency. Furthermore, the results did not feature EQ as an effective predictor of EFL learners' general English proficiency and ILP competence development level. The findings imply that EQ as a seemingly construct irrelevant factor to EFL learners' both foreign language proficiency and ILP development might not be rightly considered as an effective personal variable in EFL educational contexts.
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE TOURISM INDUSRTY IN THE BALKANS

The countries in the Balkan region report an increase in the number of tourist arrivals and spending but the question that remains is if their overall tourism industry is efficient. Using the methodology data envelopment analysis, this paper analyzes the efficiency of the tourism industry in the Balkans at the macro level. Eleven countries in the Balkan region were included in the research, namely Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Turkey. The period of observation was six years (2010-2015). Two inputs and two outputs were selected. Visitor exports and domestic travel and tourism spending were inputs, while travel and tourism total contribution to GDP and employment were outputs. According to the obtained results, there was no country that was efficient in every year in every window, and it was found that the most efficient country in the whole observed period is Albania, while the least efficient country is Montenegro.
Global budget of water isotopes inferred from polar ice sheets

Water isotope ratios in ice cores and marine sediments are a key indicator of past temperature and global ice volume. Quantitative interpretation of these ratios requires understanding of the storage capacity and exchanges among the ocean, atmosphere, and cryosphere. We combine numerical models of ice dynamics and tracer transport to predict bulk ice properties by simulating the fine layering of ice sheets locally validated at ice core sites. The 18O/16O content of ice sheets is found to vary between the present and 20 kyr ago from −34‰ to −37‰ for Greenland, from −41‰ to −42.5‰ for West Antarctica, and always remained near −56.5‰ for East Antarctica. Their combined effect on sea‐water 18O/16O is a 0.08–0.12‰ increase 20 kyr ago, a 1.11‰ decrease if ice sheets were to vanish. We confirm that ice volume changes in Antarctica and Greenland linearly affect ocean composition, though at different rates.
Effect of Dietary Garlic (Allium sativum) Supplementation as Feed Additive on Broiler Performance and Blood Profile

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of incorporating garlic (Allium sativum) powder, as a growth promoter in broiler feed on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood profile. Sixty three one day-old commercial broiler chicks (Cobb) were reared in an open sided poultry house and divided into three groups of 21 birds each. The groups were assigned to three diets containing (0, 3 and 5%) garlic powder. Feed and water were offered ad libitum till the termination of the trial after 42 days. Growth performance parameters and blood parameters were measured. Diet with 3% level of garlic significantly (P 0.05) between the various treatments. The highest breast weight was attained by feeding 3% of garlic (250g) and the lowest weight was attained when feeding 5% level (155g). No significant difference (P>0.05) in both bursa and thymus weights between the different treatments. Spleen weight decreased significantly (P 0.05) on total red blood cells, packed cells volume, total white blood cells and the differential count of white blood cells including neutrophile, eosinophile, monocytes and lymphocytes. It is concluded that the incorporation of garlic as feed additive at 3% level significantly enhanced growth and performance of broiler chicks without any side effects as detected by blood profile.
1 Transitions from Casual Employment in Australia

A distinctive feature of the Australian labour market is a high incidence of casual employment, with almost 25% of Australian employees in 2007 classified as employed on a casual basis. The extent to which casual employment is or is not an undesirable feature of the Australian labour market, however, depends, at least in part, on the extent to which such employment is a permanent or temporary state. This paper uses longitudinal data from the HILDA Survey to examine the extent to which casual employees are able to access non-casual jobs in the future and to contrast the experiences of casual employees with that of other labour market participants. It does so in a broad context of general labour market mobility. For this purpose a dynamic mixed multinomial logit model of labour market states is estimated which reveals high annual rates of mobility from casual employment into non-casual employment. Further, among men, casual employees are found to be far more likely to make the transition into noncasual employment than otherwise comparable unemployed job seekers. For women, however, this is not the case.
Trading in names under moral hazard

Does the possibility of selling one’s reputation (name) improve the average quality sold in an economy by reducing incentives to cheat towards the end of an interaction? It is shown, in various economies with . nite number of overlapping generations and imperfectly informed buyers, that not only does trade in names not lead to improved trade outcomes, it can even worsen them. ¤I thank participants at the Econometric Society Summer Meeting, Wiscosin 1999, and the Econometric Society Winter Meeting, Boston, Jan. 2000. for their comments. Particularly, I thank my discussant at this latter conference, Steve Tadelis, who pointed out a mistake in a previous version of this paper. Of course, any remaining errors are my responsability.
Satellite observations for describing fire patterns and climate-related fire drivers in the Brazilian savannas

Abstract. In the Brazilian savannas (Cerrado biome) fires are natural and a tool for shifting land use; therefore, temporal and spatial patterns result from the interaction of climate, vegetation condition and human activities. Moreover, orbital sensors are the most effective approach to establish patterns in the biome. We aimed to characterize fire, precipitation and vegetation condition regimes and to establish spatial patterns of fire occurrence and their correlation with precipitation and vegetation condition in the Cerrado. The Cerrado was first and second biome for the occurrence of burned areas (BA) and hotspots, respectively. Occurrences are higher during the dry season and in the savanna land use. Hotspots and BA tend to decrease, and concentrate in the north, but more intense hotspots are not necessarily located where concentration is higher. Spatial analysis showed that averaged and summed values can hide patterns, such as for precipitation, which has the lowest average in August, but minimum precipitation in August was found in 7 % of the Cerrado. Usually, there is a 2–3-month lag between minimum precipitation and maximum hotspots and BA, while minimum VCI and maximum hotspots and BA occur in the same month. Hotspots and BA are better correlated with VCI than precipitation, qualifying VCI as an indicator of the susceptibility of vegetation to ignition.
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) by Using Non-Fourier Heat Conduction Model

Whereas in electrical discharge machining (EDM) the heat flux entering the workpiece is extremely large, the Fourier heat conduction model may fails. The purpose of the present paper is to carry out the non-Fourier effect subjected to heat flux boundary condition in EDM process. The governing equations have been expressed in cylindrical coordinates. Equations are solved by deriving the analytical solution with the method of separation of variables. The temperature layers and profiles of sample calculations show that, it is not acceptable applying the Fourier heat conduction model for estimating the temperature of workpiece. Also It can be perceived that, according the amount of Vernotte number for a specific Fourier number, it is possible that the temperature of different points of workpiece become even lower than initial temperature. Which this fact does not occur by applying Fourier heat conduction model.
Psychological skills training in golf: the role of individual differences in cognitive preferences

[Abstract]: Individual differences in cognitive preferences were examined in analysing the effects of imagery and self-talk training on the psychological skills and performance levels of amateur golfers. Thirty-two men and women participated in a series of four counterbalanced training workshops and activities conducted over 2 months in two golf clubs. A repeated measures MANOVA revealed significant improvement on five psychological and psychomotor skills measured by the Golf Performance Survey: Negative Emotions and Cognitions, Mental Preparation, Automaticity, Putting Skill, and Seeking Improvement. Participants' responses to the Sport Imagery Questionnaire and ratings of their imagery and self-talk techniques increased significantly after training. Players also lowered their handicaps and performed significantly better on a Golf Skills Test after training. Imagery and self-talk training benefits were not linked to participants' cognitive preferences. The cognitive flexibility displayed by these golfers signals the need for more research on processing preferences and has implications for practitioners working with athletes.
Physiological determinants of male mating performance in aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

When investigating sexual strategies of aphids, it is necessary to set up multiple replicates to compensate for the small number of eggs laid per female. Genetic variation among replicates can be minimised if members of the same clone are used, but problems can arise unless the participants are also physiologically equivalent. A series of experiments on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) was performed to investigate aspects of male maturation and semen transfer that should be considered in planning or interpreting experiments on aphid sexual strategies.
Factors affecting dry bean consumption in the United States.

Total per capita dry bean consumption has increased markedly in the United States over the past two decades. However, little is known about the distribution of dry bean consumption across different marketing sectors, geographic regions, or population groups. Using data from USDA’s 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, this article examines the consumption distribution of cooked dry beans in the United States. The analysis indicates that cooked bean consumption is greatest in the southern and western areas of the country. About 55 percent of black beans, one of the fastest growing classes in terms of per capita use, are consumed in the southern region of the country. Although people of Hispanic origin represented approximately 11 percent of the population, they accounted for 33 percent of all cooked dry edible bean consumption. Relative to their share of the population, low-income consumers ate substantially more navy, lima, and pinto beans than those with greater means.
Numerical analysis on the propulsive performance and vortex shedding of fish‐like travelling wavy plate

Numerical analysis is carried out to investigate viscous flow over a travelling wavy plate undergoing lateral motion in the form of a streamwise travelling wave, which is similar to the backbone undulation of swimming fish. The two‐dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are solved using the finite element technique with the deforming‐spatial‐domain/stabilized space–time formulation. The objective of this study is to elucidate hydrodynamic features of flow structure and vortex shedding near the travelling wavy plate and to get into physical insights to the understanding of fish‐like swimming mechanisms in terms of drag reduction and optimal propulsive performance. The effects of some typical parameters, including the phase speed, amplitude, and relative wavelength of travelling wavy plate, on the flow structures, the forces, and the power consumption required for the propulsive motion of the plate are analysed. These results predicted by the present numerical analysis are well consistent with the available data obtained for the wave‐like swimming motion of live fish in nature. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coordination costs, institutional investors, and firm value

Coordination costs among institutional investors have an important impact on corporate governance and rm value. We use two measures to proxy for coordination costs, one based on the geographic distance among institutional shareholders and the other based on the correlation in their portfolio allocation decisions. We nd that, after controlling for other factors, coordination costs are negatively associated with rm value as proxied by industry-adjusted Tobins q. We exploit three exogenous shocks, namely, mergers of asset management rms, the 1992 proxy reform, and decimalization in 2001, and nd evidence consistent with a causal e¤ect of coordination costs on rm value. Furthermore, we show that the ease of coordination among institutions is associated with fewer anti-takeover provisions adopted by the rm, higher equity-based pay for CEOs, and improved CEO turnover-performance sensitivities. Overall, these ndings suggest that the ease of coordination improves rm value by enhancing the governance role of institutional investors. JEL Classification: G23, G32, G34
Larval Descriptions of Three Galaxiid Fishes Endemic to South-western Australia: Galaxias occidentalis, Galaxiella munda and Galaxiella nigrostriata (Salmoniformes : Galaxiidae)

The larval development of Galaxias occidentalis, Galaxiella munda and Galaxiella nigrostriata is described and illustrated with material collected from freshwater habitats in south-westem Australia. Galaxias occidentalis larvae are very elongate (52-54 myomeres), lightly pigmented and morphologically very similar to those of Galaxias vulgaris and Galaxias maculatus. Notochord flexion (9.3-13.1 mm), formation of all except the pelvic fins (6.1-21.9 mm) and transition (>26.6 mm) in larval G. occidentalis occur at similar sizes to larvae of the strictly freshwater G. vulgaris but at smaller sizes than in larvae of diadromous populations of G. maculatus. Larvae of Galaxiella munda and G. nigrostriata are elongate (3843 myomeres) and heavily pigmented and can be separated primarily by the considerably heavier pigmentation in the latter species. Notochord flexion (6.6-13.1 mm), formation of all except the pelvic fins (5.8-13.6 mm) and transition (>13.2 mm) in both species occur at smaller sizes than in Galaxias larvae. Galaxias larvae can be distinguished from those of many superficially similar clupeiform species by the combination of a dorsal fin directly above the anal fin, lack of a strongly striated hindgut, absence of a conspicuous gas bladder above the fore- and hindgut junction, and myomeres without cross-hatched muscle fibres. Galaxiella larvae are very different from Galaxias larvae and are unlikely to be confused with the larvae of any other sympatric species.
Whose Choice Is It? The Role of Attitude in Determining Customer's Intention to Use the Courier

Numerous researchers have centered their attention on attitude towards an intention to use services, but only a few ha ve focused on attitude towards customer’s intention to use the courier. Th is paper aims to better understand the product quality, price reasonableness as well as brand image that influence the attitude , and lastly the role of attitude as a mediator towards consumer’s intention to use a courier in Indonesia. A total of 100 questionnarires were obtained from customers through random sampling. Using an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach which was intended to test the hypotheses; with a significance level p ≤ 0.05. The findings show that product quality, and brand image are influencing the attitude of courier usage. The different results indicated that price reasonableness does not influence the attitude of courier usage , whereas the attitude ables to act as mediator to product quality, price reasonableness, and brand image towards the intention to use a courier . Concerning intention to use the courier , our findings support an attitude dimensions that represents a commitment to improving a product quality standard and positive perception of the brand image. The evidence is also found for the multidimensional attitude model of attitudes: that attitude predicted by the product quality has followed by an adoption common standard. Moreover, our results state that the brand image is stronger predictors of attitude than product quality and moreover price reasonableness that the dimensions of attitude toward a differential impact on intention to use a courier , with affective attitude appearing are more strongly related to intention. In summary, this study suggests that it is considerably more likely that attitudes will be closely related to actions. There’s a need for future studies to extend the model of this research by adding other independent variables that are able to describe consumer demand.
Cross-Cultural Customer Satisfaction at a Chinese Restaurant: The Implications to China Foodservice Marketing

Increasingly, Americans are consuming the cuisine of other cultures. Is this an indication that globalization is having an effect on our eating habits? Are Americans embracing and savoring multiculturalism? This study examines the factors (e.g., reliability, assurance, empathy, cultural awareness, cultural atmosphere, responsiveness, control, etc.) contributing to customer satisfaction in an ethnic restaurant. The results reaffirm the notions that reliability and value are the primary indicators of customer satisfaction. Moreover the findings from this study do not confirm some previous studies that cultural awareness of ethnic food has positive effects on customer satisfaction, an issue that needs more explorations. The findings are used to make suggestions to the China food marketers as how to effectively satisfy foreign travelers for their food consumption when they are in China.
Second differential of the entropy as a criterion for the stability in low‐dimensional climate models

The second differential of the entropy is used for analysing the stability of a thermodynamic climatic model. A delay time for the heat flux is introduced whereby it becomes an independent variable. Two different expressions for the second differential of the entropy are used: one follows classical irreversible thermodynamics theory; the second is related to the introduction of response time and is due to the extended irreversible thermodynamics theory. the second differential of the classical entropy leads to unstable solutions for high values of delay times. the extended expression always implies stable states for an ice‐free earth. When the ice‐albedo feedback is included, a discontinuous distribution of stable states is found for high response times. Following the thermodynamic analysis of the model, the maximum rates of entropy production at the steady state are obtained. A latitudinally isothermal earth produces the extremum in global entropy production. the material contribution to entropy production (by which we mean the production of entropy by material transport of heat) is a maximum when the latitudinal distribution of temperatures becomes less homogeneous than present values.