Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spinoff dynamics beyond clusters: pre-entry experience and firm survival in peripheral regions

Abstract This paper investigates local spinoff dynamics in manufacturing industries in peripheral areas. It focuses on the question whether local inheritance of competences and routines from parent firm to spinoff is also relevant for firm survival in peripheral areas. The analysis is based on a unique data-set, tracking all manufacturing firms at five observation points during the time span of 1980–2004 in two case study regions in Switzerland. The results show that the local inheritance of capabilities gives spinoffs a competitive advantage in peripheral regions as well. Further, the findings suggest that spinoff dynamics differ between different types of peripheral regions, depending on their varying local economic conditions. Finally, spinoff dynamics in the periphery might be characterized by a stronger hostility of larger parent firms towards spinoffs. This research adds a distinct peripheral perspective to the entrepreneurial heritage literature and advocates for a more nuanced discussion on spinoff dynamics in varying geographical settings.
Heterogeneous N2O5 Uptake During Winter: Aircraft Measurements During the 2015 WINTER Campaign and Critical Evaluation of Current Parameterizations

Nocturnal dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) heterogeneous chemistry impacts regional air quality and the distribution and lifetime of tropospheric oxidants. Formed from the oxidation of nitrogen oxides, N2O5 is heterogeneously lost to aerosol with a highly variable reaction probability, γ(N2O5), dependent on aerosol composition and ambient conditions. Reaction products include soluble nitrate (HNO3 or NO3−) and nitryl chloride (ClNO2). We report the first‐ever derivations of γ(N2O5) from ambient wintertime aircraft measurements in the critically important nocturnal residual boundary layer. Box modeling of the 2015 Wintertime INvestigation of Transport, Emissions, and Reactivity (WINTER) campaign over the eastern United States derived 2,876 individual γ(N2O5) values with a median value of 0.0143 and range of 2 × 10−5 to 0.1751. WINTER γ(N2O5) values exhibited the strongest correlation with aerosol water content, but weak correlations with other variables, such as aerosol nitrate and organics, suggesting a complex, nonlinear dependence on multiple factors, or an additional dependence on a nonobserved factor. This factor may be related to aerosol phase, morphology (i.e., core shell), or mixing state, none of which are commonly measured during aircraft field studies. Despite general agreement with previous laboratory observations, comparison of WINTER data with 14 literature parameterizations (used to predict γ(N2O5) in chemical transport models) confirms that none of the current methods reproduce the full range of γ(N2O5) values. Nine reproduce the WINTER median within a factor of 2. Presented here is the first field‐based, empirical parameterization of γ(N2O5), fit to WINTER data, based on the functional form of previous parameterizations.
Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines and Health Outcomes in the Elderly: Are Racial Differences Important?

Physical activity guidelines for health improvement were recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2008. Today, data on individuals’ adherence to the CDC guidelines are collected as part of its Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BFRSS) survey. While racial disparities in health outcomes are well documented, analyses of the BRFSS data have the potential to shed light on whether there are racial differences in the relationship between physical activity and health outcomes. The 2015 (BRFSS) dataset contained responses from 441,456 individuals, including 42,516 over the age of 65 who had complete data on the variables that were included in this study. Self-reported days of poor physical and mental health were the outcome variables. Physical activity guidelines were the primary predictor of interest and race, sex, education, income, smoking, living in a city center, relationship status, and arthritis were considered potential confounding factors. African Americans were found to have significantly more days of poor physical health than Whites ( p =.04). However, the association between physical activity and days of poor physical or mental health did not differ by race ( p =0.58 and p =0.69, respectively). For all races, meeting aerobic guidelines was associated with fewer days of poor physical and mental health. In contrast, meeting strength guidelines alone was not associated with fewer days of poor physical or mental health. More research is needed to determine the optimum amounts of physical activity in the elderly.
Impact of Tick-Size Reduction on Intraday Patterns of Market Quality: Evidence from the Taiwan Stock Exchange

Unlike prior related studies focusing on the effect of a tick-size reduction on the intraday patterns of market liquidity for both NYSE and NASDAQ markets, we provide extensive evidence for the Taiwan Stock Exchange. Consistent with previous research, we find that the intraday behavior in terms of spread, trading activity, volatility, and information asymmetry exhibits a U-shaped pattern, while both the depth and binding constraint exhibit an inverted U shape. This implies that limit-order traders protect themselves from losses to informed traders by actively managing both price and quantity. Next, except for the binding constraint, where the largest (smallest) declines occur during the first thirty-minute interval (midday), the magnitudes of the declines in information asymmetry, spread, depth, trading volume, and volatility are the largest (smallest) during midday (during the first thirty-minute interval).
Measure for Measure: Concept Operationalization and the Trade Interdependence-Conflict Debate

While most quantitative studies find a negative relationship between economic interdependence and interstate disputes, research by Barbieri finds that interdependence precipitates conflict. Participants in the debate suggest several causes, but we show that alternative variable constructions are sufficient to account for the discrepant findings. A simple formal equivalence unites respective operationalizations of dyadic interdependence used by Oneal & Russett (trade dependence, trade ij /GDP i ) and Barbieri (trade share, trade i /trade i ) with the consensus construction of monadic trade openness (trade i /GDP i ). We also show that Barbieri's trade share is negatively correlated with openness. Arguments in the article are verified through large-sample quantitative regression analyses of the two competing dyadic variable constructions and trade openness on MID onset. The results of these dyadic regression analyses show that trade share increases the probability of MID onset, trade dependence decreases the probability of MID onset and, correspondingly, that trade openness is negatively correlated with MID onset.
RAPD-evaluated Genetic Polymorphisms and Relations among three River Nile Catfish (Siluriformes) Species from Qena, Egypt

Genetic discrepancies among three River Nilecatfish; Schilbe mystus Linnaeus, 1758 (Schilbeidae), Bagrus bajad Forsskal, 1775 (Bagaridae) and Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822 (Claridae) was evaluated by RAPD-PCR technique using 8 deca oligonucleotides (A-03, A-04, A-05, A-06, A-09, A-10, A-11, and A-12). A total of 52 amplified bands were produced, from them 5 bands were common with level of monomorphism of % 9.62, and 47 bandswere polymorphicwith level of polymorphism of 90.38%. An instructive RAPD fingerprint profile was generated with various band size lengths ranging from 200 to 2900 base pair. According to Nei-72 distance matrix of genetic and the unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA), the three studied catfish species are related to each other and likely have the most sharing common ancestor. However, Schilbe mystus (Schilbeidae)and Bagrus bajad (bagaridae) are genetically more close to each other than to Clarias gariepinus. The subset of Clarias gariepinus as sister clade to Schilbe mystus and Bagrus bajad suggested monophyly of the family Clarridae. The study suggested occurrence of genetic variations among the investigated River Nile catfish, with high level of genetic convergence/relation between Schilbe mystus and Bagrus bajad. This probably be useful for enhancing their potential use in aquaculture breeding programs, as well as providing insights on their taxonomic status within the Siluriformes.
An Initial Investigation ofuery Expansion Bias

Query expansion is a useful retrieval mechanism for creating more verbose queries from the users initial key word search. Query expansion generally havemultiple parameters that allow the user to deine how many terms and where those terms come from are introduced to the expanded query. However, the idea that query expansion may be introducing biases into the system by selecting terms from overly retrievable documents has never been formally evaluated. In this work, the relationship between performance and retrievability bias is explored when various query expansion methods are employed to aide retrieval. Several parameters are altered, independently, to identify those that have an impact on bias. Parameters altered include; Rocchio’s beta, length normalisation parameters, the number of terms added and the number of documents those terms are extracted from. The evaluation performed here identiies a strong correlation between performance and retrievability bias, suggesting that performance is increased by making the system more biased thus more likely to pick terms from a set of overly retrievable documents.
Composition of pectic polysaccharides in a Portuguese apple (Malus domestica Borkh. cv Bravo de Esmolfe)

Malus domestica Borkh. cv Bravo de Esmolfe is a typical Portuguese apple cultivar classified as Protected Designation and Origin (PDO). It is a traditional product produced under strict conditions and labelled with a specific law protected designation. This cultivar presents quite good sweetness and flavor. The monosaccharide composition of the pectic polysaccharides from this traditional apple is herein reported for the first time. Based on the molar ratios obtained from the sugar composition, the presumable pectin structure could be inferred. The cell-wall polysaccharides present in the alcohol-insoluble residue (AIR) of unpeeled BE apple were sequentially fractionated. In addition, pectic material was also extracted by citric acid treatment prior to heat extraction at acidic pH. The water soluble pectin, imidazole soluble pectin and sodium carbonate soluble pectin account for 44, 16 and 40 % of the AIR, respectively. The pectic polysaccharides extracted in the presence of citric acid had lower galacturonic acid content and higher neutral sugars content. The homogalacturonan (HG) and less-substituted rhamnogalacturonan (RG) domains are extracted first. Pectin treated with citric acid has been shown to contain more substituted polymers, especially RG-I. In addition, the relatively higher Xylose/Galacturonic acid ratio found in the citric acid extract demonstrates that the xylogalacturonan (XG) domain presumably is present in the pectic material of the unpeeled BE apple.
Elements of Brazilian Portuguese intonation

Experimental results on Brazilian Portuguese (BP) intonation are reported, concentrating on speakers from the Campinas area. A combined production and perception study shows that four nuclear contours are produced and distinguished: statements (H+L* L%), emphatic statements (same, with higher F0), yes/no-questions (L+H* L%), and surprise questions (L*+H L%). A first semi-compositional analysis of the contours is offered, in which the declarative/interrogative distinction (not marked morphosyntactically on BP yes/no-questions) is encoded by the choice of L* vs. H* pitch accent. A distinction corresponding to English committing vs. non-committing intonation is marked in addition by the choice of bitonal H+L vs. L+H pitch accent. Further, it is shown that focus is marked by four out of our six speakers by the absence of a pitch accent following an early narrow focus, as well as by increased relative length of the focused constituent.
Me, a Woman and a Leader: Antecedents and Consequences of the Identity Conflict of Women Leaders

This paper focuses on women leaders’ self-views linked to their gender and leader identities. In particular, we examine the antecedents and psychological and motivational consequences of identity conflict, which occurs when women leaders perceive an incongruity between their gender and professional identities. Applying structural equation modeling techniques on a large sample of women leaders who represent a diverse range of countries and industries, we found that consistent with our hypotheses, women leaders’ identity conflict increased stress, lowered their life satisfaction, and caused them to construe leading as a duty as opposed to an attractive goal. As for the antecedents, our results emphasize the importance of holding a positive gender identity. We found that positive gender identity reduced identity conflict of women leaders. Moreover, compared with women in more male-dominated organizations, women in organizations with proportionally more women held a more positive gender identity and experienced less identity conflict. In contrast, positive leader identity was not related to women leaders’ identity conflict, while leadership experience directly reduced the conflict. We discuss the implications of our results for women’s advancement in organizations and the development of their identity as leaders.
GENETIC ARCHITECTURE AND ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS IN BITTER GOURD (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L.) LANDRACES

The nature and magnitude of genetic diversity were estimated in 25 bitter gourd genotypes on 10 quantitative traits during the summer season under indo-gangetic plains of eastern Uttar Pradesh, so as to identify promising traits on which selection can be made. The experiment carried out following randomizing block design with three replications results indicted that high phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were found for fresh fruit yield per plant followed by fruit length, fruit width and number of fruits per plant, indicating high genetic variability in these traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for fruit length, yield per plant, fruit diameter, fruit weight, branch per plant and seeds per fruit, indicating the possible role of additive gene action. The path coefficient analysis based on fruit diameter as a dependent variable implicated that plant height had the highest positive direct effect on fruit yield. The emphasis should be given to improve fruit yield per plant in bitter gourd, focus should be given on fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and plant height as it has positive correlation with fruit yield per plant.
The effects of weight training, using Olympic style lifts, on various physiological parameters in pre-pubescent boys /

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Space-Time Integration of Heterogeneous Networks in Air Quality Monitoring

Lo scopo di questo lavoro e di proporre un modello per l'integrazione di dati provenienti da reti eterogenee di monitoraggio al fine di valutare la qualita dell'aria. Per esempio, la rete di monitoraggio del PM10 nel Nord Italia `e composta per la gran parte da centraline che si basano su due sistemi di rilevamento, TEOM and LVG. Mentre i dati rilevati con il metodo TEOM sottostimano il A¢Â€ÂœveroA¢Â€Â? livello di PM10, le centraline LVG sono piu precise e per questo sono state scelte dalla ComunitAƒÂ Europea come A¢Â€Âœstrumenti di riferimentoA¢Â€Â? LA¢Â€Â™idea su cui si basa il lavoro AƒÂ¨ di utilizzare le concentrazioni giornaliere dei PM, misurate con gli strumenti piAƒÂ¹ precisi, per correggere le misure meno esatte, rilevate da centraline A¢Â€Âœnon equivalentiA¢Â€Â? a quelle gravimetriche e che, non necessariamente si trovano nella stessa zona in cui sono situati i primi. A tal fine, introduciamo un modello di calibrazione multivariato spazio temporale che abbiamo denominato Geostatistical Dynamical Calibration model (GDC). La principale ipotesi su cui si basa il modello `e che entrambi gli strumenti siano contaminati da errori di misura e che le rilevazioni TEOM siano distorte, rispetto alle A¢Â€ÂœvereA¢Â€Â? concentrazioni, per un fattore addittivo ed uno moltiplicativo.Si assume, inoltre, che A¢Â€ÂœveroA¢Â€Â? livello di PM10 sia un processo spazio temporale latente, rappresentato dallA¢Â€Â™equazione di stato nella formulazione state space. Le stime dei valori calibrati si ottengono dallA¢Â€Â™applicazione del filtro di Kalman. Questo approccio puAƒÂ² essere considerato unA¢Â€Â™estensione geostatistica del modello DDC (Dynamical Displaced Calibration) di Fass`o and Nicolis (2004).
Parental Influence on Children's Talent Development: A Case Study with Three Chinese American Families

This paper explores the influence of parenting beliefs and practices on children's talent development through a specific perspective of several Chinese American families with gifted children. In-depth interviews were employed to collect data from the parents, and research questions focused on the daily practice of parenting and parents' beliefs concerning how to nurture high achievement among children. Findings of this study include evidence of a sense of responsibility for parenting, a high level of confidence over their children's future, and a mixed strategy of parenting that combines traditional Chinese parental expectations with an adopted Western notion of respect for a child's own decision making.
Running head: VARIATIONS OF GO/NO-GO AND MATCH-TO-SAMPLE Conditional Relations among Abstract Stimuli: Outcomes from Three Procedures- Variations of Go/no-go and Match-to-Sample by

Match-to-sample procedures (MTS) are often implemented to train conditi onal relations and to test for emergent relations among arbitrary stimuli. In 2007, De bert, Matos, and McIlvane evaluated if a single-key procedure (go/no-go) could be an alternative to the traditional MTS procedures to teach conditional discriminati ons and to test for emergent relations in humans. The current study replicated and extended Debert et al. The acquisition of c nditional relations and the emergence of derived relations with arbitrary stimuli were compared using three differe nt procedures: go/no-go, go/no-go with printed words “yes” and “no” as a component, and MTS. Three typically developing females, age 23-25, participated in visua lvisual tasks during a series of table-top presentations. AB and BC relations were directly trained, and BA, CB, AC, and CA relations were tested. Depending on the procedure, training and testing occurred with stimuli sets 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9. The three participants demonstrated the emergency of new, untrained relations with all three procedures. The current results replicated the findings of Debert et al. and e xte ed previous findings by evaluating a go/no-go with a yes/no component which may serve as an alternative method to the traditional MTS. Additionally, the current study provided a within participant comparison across all three procedures.
INFLUENCE OF AGE ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PIGLETS TO ESCHERICHIA COLI O138:F18

The ex vivo and in vivo studies were undertaken to examine age-effect on the susceptibility of pigsto E. coli F18-diarrhea. The ex vivo experiment was conducted with 2 and 4 weeks old pigs based on theporcine intestinal organ culture (PIOC) model. The in vivo experiment was performed with 2 and 3weeks old pigs fed milk replacer and inoculated with E. coli F18. E. coli F18 inoculation to the intestinalcultures resulted in higher (P<0.01) counts of E. coli associated to the intestinal tissue, but suchdifference was not observed between the 2 and 4 weeks old pigs. Faecal dry matter (DM) decreased(P=0.01), whereas the proportion of pigs with diarrhea and faecal haemolytic E. coli counts increased(P<0.05) following inoculation, however, the difference between the ages was not observed in the invivo study. The interaction (P=0.01) between age and sampling day was observed for the number of totalwhite blood cells (WBC). The proportion of neutrophils decreased (P=0.01), whereas the lymphocytes,red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) increased (P<0.01) after inoculation, butthe differences between age groups were not observed regarding these variables. In conclusion, age (2versus 3 or 4 weeks) did not influence the susceptibility of piglet to E. coli F18-diarrhea.
The complex behavior of El Niño winter 2015–2016

This paper examines the outstanding characteristics of the strong 2015–2016 El Niño (EN) winter and its impact over the European region through the stratosphere. Despite being classified as a strong eastern Pacific (EP) EN event, our analysis reveals an anomalous behavior, with some signatures that are more typical of central Pacific (CP) EN events instead. They include (i) a record‐breaking value of the CP index, (ii) a stronger polar vortex in early and midwinter, due to reduced upward wave activity and a weakened Aleutian low, and (iii) the occurrence of one of the earliest stratospheric final warmings (SFWs) on record, which are more prone to occur during CP‐EN. Following the SFW, a stratospheric influence on the Euro‐Atlantic sector is reported in spring, with persistent Greenland blocking resulting in extreme precipitation over some southern European regions. Results highlight the importance of considering early SFWs as mediators of El Niño teleconnections.
The influence of the copper content in grape must on alcoholic fermentation kinetics and wine quality. A survey on the performance of 50 commercial Active Dry Yeasts

The effects of copper on the viability and fermentative activity of 50 active dry yeasts purchased on the northern Italian market were studied, and revealed that Copper excess may cause massive death of yeast cells, leading to a significant delay in the start and progress of alcoholic fermentation. A two-log units reduction in cell viability was observed when copper content of musts was around 20 mg∙L -1 . Despite this, the difference noted in the kinetics after 20 days' fermentation was lower than that observed 48 hours after in the grape must. An excess of copper in must affected also the composition of the produced wines. The increase in acetic acid and in the sulphur dioxide concentration, observed in wines made using grape must with a high copper concentration, raises serious doubts both regarding the possibility of obtaining good wines from these raw materials and in relation to the progress of subsequent steps of winemaking, such as malolactic fermentation. While it is an important tool in preventing vine diseases, copper must be used very carefully to avoid serious troubles during wine fermentation, even if some yeasts seem more suited to ferment musts containing up to 20-30 mg∙L -1 copper.
Gasoline Price Cycles Under Discrete Time Pricing

We characterise petrol pricing dynamics in an unusual policy environment. A timing restriction in the Western Australian market imposes discrete time pricing on petrol retailers, enabling us to observe the exact timing of price changes. We employ a Markov switching regression model, finding the existence of Edgeworth price cycles of a similar nature to those recently observed in some other retail petrol markets. Cycles are frequent, asymmetric, and of substantial amplitude. Importantly, firms change prices almost every period, limiting the relevance of the leading theory of Edgeworth cycles due to Maskin and Tirole (1988). We also discuss episodes of disruption and evolution of the price cycle.