Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation Of Agronomic Traits Changes In Drought Stress And Their Impact On The Yield Of Mungbean Cultivars And Promising Lines

Drought stress is one of the most important and effective factors on crops growth & performance decrease. In order to assess changes in agronomic traits under drought stress and their impact on the yield of mungbean cultivars and promising lines in the tropical climate of Khuzestan, an experimental split plot randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out during 2010-2011 in the South West Agricultural Research Center of Iran (Safi-Abad Dezful). Irrigation regime (drought stress) as the main factor involved three levels of irrigation at 120, 180 and 240 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan (severe stress and as control), and cultivars as sub-factor included of five varieties: Partow, Indian heap and promising lines of cn95, vc6127 and kps1. Traits evaluated included: seeds to pod ratio, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 grains, yield per hectare, biomass, harvest index, leaf area index. Two-year experiment results also showed that water deficit stress significantly reduced the weight of 100 grains, yield per hectare, biomass, leaf area index while it increased the harvest index and the more severe the stress, the more it affects such reductions and the cultivar Partow, has been affected less than other cultivars by this stress. This showed Partow cultivar more adaptability to the harsh environmental conditions of this region, but this cultivar and the Indian heap, had formed a vine-type growth habit due to having an unlimited type of growth and more tender stems after flowering and pod-setting stages, thus harvesting them was more difficult than the promising lines that had a limited type of growth, stronger stems and erect growth habit. The interaction of drought stress and cultivar showed a significant difference between treatments in weight of 100 grains, seeds to pod ratio, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per hectare, biomass, harvest index, leaf area index and seed length & diameter at the 1% level of significance. Correlation coefficients between some traits and yield showed a significantly positive correlation of these traits and the yield so that the calculated correlation coefficients were 0.325 ** , 0.388 ** , 0.658 ** , 0.385 ** , 0.307 ** , 0.715 ** , 0.077 ns and 0.307 * for seeds to pod ratio, weight of 100 grains, biomass, leaf area index, harvest index, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod, respectively.
CONCEPTUALIZING QUANTA: ILLUMINATING THE GROUND STATE OF STUDENT UNDERSTANDING OF ATOMIC ORBITALS

This paper presents and discusses data relating to student understanding of the orbital concept and related ideas at college level (i.e. between secondary and university level education). The data derives from in-depth research into the thinking of a small sample of U.K. students. Students enter this level of study having been explicitly taught a quantum theory of matter (i.e. the particle model), and implicitly introduced to the quantization of charge. The key principles of quantization of energy and angular momentum are important at the college level when students are taught about orbitals, energy levels and quantum numbers. Interview extracts provide insights into the students attempts to make sense of these unfamiliar and abstract ideas. It is suggested that this is an area where there is a genuine pedagogic problem: capable and motivated students struggle to learn from experienced and knowledgeable teachers. The present paper describes how students conceptualized these key aspects of the atomic model. A subsequent paper (Compounding quanta: probing the frontiers of student understanding of molecular orbitals) considers how the same group of students applied their thinking in the more complex context of molecular systems. [Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. Eur. : 2002, 3, 145-158]
Integrating ICT into Teaching and Learning Biology: A Case for Rachuonyo South Sub-County, Kenya

The purpose of this study was to find out the extent of integration of computer technology into teaching and learning Biology in secondary schools of Rachuonyo South Sub-County, Kenya. The target population consisted of students and biology teachers in the Sub-County. Data was collected by use of questionnaires and an observation check list. From the study, most schools had few computers; teachers had inadequate training on use of computer applications; most teachers did not use computer technology for personal growth and instructional purposes. Inadequate number of computers in the sampled schools was the major challenge facing the integration of computer technology into the instruction process. The study recommends increased accessibility of computers, adequate training on use of computer technology and development of a policy framework to guide on the path to effective computer integration into instruction process.
Analysis of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties at atomic scale

This paper aims at developing a mathematic model to characterize the mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds between two adjacent atoms are modeled as Euler beams. According to the relationship of Tersoff-Brenner force theory and potential energy acting on C-C bonds, material constants of beam element are determined at the atomic scale. Based on the elastic deformation energy and mechanical equilibrium of a unit in graphite sheet, simply form ED equations of calculating Young's modulus of armchair and zigzag graphite sheets are derived. Following with the geometrical relationship of SWCNTs in cylindrical coordinates and the structure mechanics approach, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of armchair and zigzag SWCNTs are also investigated. The results show that the approach to research mechanical properties of SWCNTs is a concise and valid method. We consider that it will be useful technique to progress on this type of investigation.
Retrospective analytical five months study of aortic arch abnormalities

Background: Aortic arch abnormalities include congenital anomalies and acquired pathologies. Many of aortic arch congenital anomalies are asymptomatic lesions. But some of these anomalies are symptomatic and need to be treated. Radiological appearances should be familiar for these anomalies to the radiologist for correct interpretation. Aortic arch abnormalities reported in our institute are analysed in this article. Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study of five months from July 2015 to October 2015. The study was carried in the radiodiagnosis department of tirunelveli medical college hospital. In our institute, 494 cases of Computerised tomography (CT) Chest scans have been taken in above period for various conditions. In which Patients with vascular abnormalities of aortic arch in the scan were selected for the study i.e. sample selection. No of patients selected for analysis are 20. They have undergone CT scan, Magnetic resonance angiography (MRI) scan. Those findings were analysed and hereby are presented, in which age varied as low as 1 year and as high as 78 years. Results: Most of aortic arch abnormality cases belong to age group 60-80. About 75% of aortic abnormalities are acquired. The aortic arch abnormalities are commoner in males than females especially acquired diseases of aorta. Rare cases of Double aortic arch, aberrant right subclavian artery with dissection of aorta are diagnosed in these patients. Conclusions: It is noted that acquired conditions are the commonest abnormalities. CT scan and MRI complement each other. MR angiogram gives definitive diagnosis in aortic arch abnormalities. Double aortic arch is most common symptomatic vascular ring. MRI is the best single imaging study for the diagnosis and characterization of vascular rings. Aortic dissection needs urgent imaging. Multislice CT, MRI has replaced conventional angiogram.
Autobiographical memory specificity, negative mood state, and executive control: implications for clinical depression

Autobiographical Memory Specificity, Mood State, and Executive Control: Implications for Clinical Depression By Billy J. Rutherford Reduced autobiographical memory specificity and executive control have been associated with clinical depression; however, evidence is inconclusive as to whether these impairments represent trait-like qualities of individuals with clinical depression or are associated with changes in mood state. The present study employed a mood induction procedure and a digit-recall task derived to interfere with working memory to test the role of current mood and executive functioning in the autobiographical memory of nondepressed college students. Non-depressed subjects recalled significantly fewer specific memories on an autobiographical memory test following an induced, negative mood state and also with a concurrent digit-recall task. Thus, autobiographical memory specificity is related to current mood state and involves central executive processes which may be appropriate intervention targets.
From governance structure to governance mechanisms: opening the black box of the member-cooperative relationship

Governance of any inter-firm collaboration has at least two functions: maintaining partners’ commitment and aligning interests on the one hand, and aligning and adjusting partners’ actions and decisions on the other hand. While organizational economics has always emphasized the importance of market and hierarchy as governance mechanisms that support cooperation and coordination between transaction partners, agricultural cooperative are complex organisational configurations, that include two more governance mechanisms: democracy and community. This paper develops a conceptual framework for analyzing the effect of four different governance mechanisms on cooperation and coordination in voluntary member-based organisation, such as agricultural cooperatives. We conjecturre that this effect is mediated by individual member commitment and the extent of cognitive heterogeneity among the membership. Corresponding author: Jos Bijman, Wageningen University, Management Studies Group
Demographic parameters and exploitation rate of Sardinella maderensis (Pisces: Lowe 1838) in the nearshore waters of Benin (West Africa) and their implication for management and conservation

Most fisheries in Africa are overexploited or are at the peak of exploitation. A key contributor to this overfishing is poor data on fisheries, inefficient management strategies and unenforced policies. This paper deals with growth, mortality parameters and the exploitation rate of Sardinella maderensis collected between August 2012 and July 2013 from the nearshore waters off Benin to contribute to sustainable management of this fishery. Growth parameters and performance index ’ estimated based on the von Bertalanffy model using routine ELEFAN1 FiSAT gave the asymptotic length L∞, the growth coefficient K, the theoretical age at length zero and the performance index ’ 33.6 cm, 0.65 per year, 0.24 per year, and 2. 86 per year respectively. S. maderensis grew isometrically with an abundance of medium size specimens. This species recruits twice a year indicating probably two spawning periods. The estimated average value of instantaneous rate of total mortality was 3.92 per year, natural mortality was 1.30 per year, giving fishing mortality of 2.62 and the rate of exploitation (E = 0.67) showing an overexploitation of the stock of this species. Several immediate management actions, such as size-limit regulation by gradually increasing fishing gears mesh size and time-limit regulation by restricting fishing during the spawning seasons and in nursery areas, are considered necessary for sustainable exploitation and conservation of this species.
A Comparison of the Antropological Determinants for Swimming and Synchronized Swimming in Young Female Athletes / Usporedba antropoloških odrednica plivanja i sinkroniziranog plivanja kod mladih sportašica

Swimming and synchronized swimming are two similar sports, but with main differences in specific structures of the movements in the synchronized swimming. This article attempts to provide an overview of the similarities and differences among young female athletes involved in these sports, primarily in the morphological characteristics of swimmers, as well as in the broader context of their functional capacity and motor characteristics. The distinctive features of the synchronized swimming in comparison with the traditional swimming are arising mainly due to the higher complexity of the technique of the movements in this sport.
Microbial production of raw starch digesting enzymes.

Raw starch digesting enzymes refer to enzymes that can act directly on raw starch granules below the gelatinization temperature of starch. With the view of energy-saving, a worldwide interest has been focused on raw starch digesting enzymes in recent years, especially since the oil crisis of 1973. Raw starch digesting enzymes are ubiquitous and produced by plants, animals and microorganisms. However, microbial sources are the most preferred one for large-scale production. During the past few years, the production of raw starch digesting enzymes by various microorganisms has been studied extensively. This paper reviews the recent development in the microbial production of raw starch digesting enzymes with a biotechnological perspective. This is the first review on microbial raw starch digesting enzymes till date.
An experimental study of trading volume and divergence of expectations around earnings announcement

The objective is to study from an experimental point of view investors’ reaction at the announcement of the annual earnings in terms of trading volume. Annual net income is seen by shareholders as the most important figure, since it is, for individual accounts, the basis of appropriation of profit by the shareholders’ general meeting. In the experiment, it is announced at the end of 8 rounds of exchange. Every two periods, a fraction of the annual income is revealed to all the participants. Thus, they revise periodically their expectations of the annual results. The experiment shows that the divergence of expectations does not lower when the investors have more and more information about the final results. This is the main explanation for transactions in our experimental asset markets. However, too large a divergence prevents the investors from trading. As expected, price changes in absolute value influence trading volume. But this effect is smaller than the impact of heterogeneity of expectations.
THE EFFICIENCY OF MERCHANT BANKS AND FINANCE COMPANIES IN AN EMERGING MARKET: DETERMINANTS AND POLICY ISSUES

This paper attempts to investigate efciency changes of Malaysian Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs), during the period of 2000-2004, by applying the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method which allows us to distinguish between three different types of efciency, such as technical, pure technical and scale efciencies. We have found that the mean overall or technical efciency has been 78.1% and 91.3% for merchant banks and the nance companies respectively. It was found that pure technical efciency is more related to overall efciency than scale efciency, conrming the dominant effect of pure technical efciency in determining the overall efciency of Malaysian NBFIs. Examination of the sample of 80 observations over the ve-year period reveals that while, on average, 28.75% of all Malaysian NBFIs were operating at CRS, the majority, 71.25%, are scale inefficient (operating at DRS or IRS). Our results from the Tobit regression analysis suggest that the level of equity capital is positively related to the level of efciency gain. This nding is consistent with the results of the previous research that usually reported higher efciency levels for well capitalized nancial institutions. Additionally, NBFIs with higher ratio of loans to assets are related to higher levels of efciency. This might reect the higher market power that exists in the loan market compared to the other product markets in which NBFIs operate, as well as control for the strategic niche of the NBFIs. JEL Classication: G21; G28
Study of Prevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii among Heamodialysis Patients in Thi-Qar Province

Toxoplasmosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by one of opportunistic parasite called Toxoplasma gondii . The current study was conducted in Thi-Qar province to investigate the parasite Toxoplasma gondii among heamodialysis patients using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay test and study some of the factors that may affect in the prevalence of infection, such as age, sex and a number of heamodialysis. 100 was collected samples of blood from heamodialysis patients from Hussein Teaching Hospital for the period from October 2015 to the end of March 2016 and prepared a questionnaire form for each person to get their information, as well as the collection of 50 blood samples from healthy persons for the purpose of comparison between them with the current study. The results of the current study showed that the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Thi--Qar province in renal dialysis patients and a comparison group of 28% and 24% respectively. Recorded results of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ELISA test results for a positive antibody IgG in heamodialysis patients and a comparison, 25 % 22% respectively. As for the IgM antibody study did not record any positive result in heamodialysis patients group while in comparison group was 2%. The ratios antibodies IgG & IgM together in heamodialysis patients and comparison group 3%, 0.0% respectively. The highest infection rates for heamodialysis patients was in the age group (40-49 years) was 26.67% and the lowest rates of infection in the age group (>60years) 23.08 % and reported significant differences P 6times of heamodialysis 25.53% as for those who were exposed to 1-6 was ratios have 16.67%. Keyword s: Toxoplasma gondii, Toxoplasmosis, Heamodialysis patients, Prevalence, ELISA, risk factors.
Sous-évaluation à l'introduction et cessions d'actions par les actionnaires d'origine : le cas français

(VF)Dans ce travail, nous etudions l'incidence des cessions d'actions par les actionnaires d'origine sur l'amplitude de la sous-evaluation a l'introduction. A partir d'un echantillon de 402 introductions en France entre 1986 et 2000, nous mettons en evidence une relation curvilineaire entre les cessions d'actions et la sous-evaluation. En particulier, il apparait qu'a partir d'un certain niveau de cession d'actions, les actionnaires d'origine, et notamment les actionnaires de controle, sont incites a reduire la sous-evaluation afin de limiter la perte de richesse subie lors de l'introduction. (VA)In this paper we examine how underpricing is affected by pre-IPO shareholders' participation in the offering. Using a sample of 402 IPOs in France from 1986 to 2000, we find evidence of a curvilinear relationship between the fraction of existing shares sold and underpricing. From a certain level of selling, current holders, and particularly blockholders, are incited to minimize the wealth losses from going public.
A Post Hoc Analysis of Learning Orientation–Innovation–Performance in the Hospitality Industry

This paper focuses on issues related to learning orientation (commitment to learning, shared vision, open-mindedness), its effect on innovation, and how innovation can lead to performance in the hospitality industry, particularly hotels. Purposive sampling was used to gather data. Data was gathered from employees of different hotel departments located in Unguja, Zanzibar. The structural equation modelling analysis was based on 228 responses. Three hypotheses formed from the learning orientation construct had a positive effect on innovation while innovation had a strong influence on business performance. Specifically, Hypothesis One (h1): commitment to learning positively (+) affects innovation (β = 0.30; p < 0.01); Hypothesis Two (h2): shared vision had a positive (+) effect on innovation (β = 0.28; p < 0.01); Hypothesis Three (h3): open-mindedness had a positive (+) effect on innovation (β = 0.12; p < 0.05). Finally, Hypothesis Four (h4): innovativeness had a positive (+) and strong influence on performance (β = 0.55; p < 0.001). To obtain more details on the findings presented based on the overall model, a post hoc analysis was conducted. In that analysis, two subgroups were entered in the overall model. The findings indicated that each subgroup had a different effect as it was entered in the overall model. The subgroups included age and experiences. These are grouped as follows: age (below 35 years and above 35 years), and experience (below 10 years and above 10 years). Post hoc findings were interesting and address logical contributions to the design of this study. The findings are considered to be valuable for managers in understanding the implications of encouraging learning as a solid foundation for forming new ideas that can be commercialized. Furthermore, managers should understand the implication of choosing learning orientation over other variables in order to engineer innovation and performance at the end. Keywords: learning orientation, innovation, performance, hospitality industry, Zanzibar
Fast Girls, Foreigners and GIs: An Exploration of the Discursive Strategies through Which the Status of Pre-Marital (Hetero)sexual Ignorance and Restraint Was Upheld during the Second World War

This paper explores contradictions within qualitative data gathered among women and men whose young adulthood coincided with the Second World War. These data were generated as part of an ESRC-funded project which investigated the making of heterosexual relationships cross-generationally. They suggest the co-existence of both a prevalent taboo or stigma associated with sexual knowledge and practice before and outside marriage, and personal experiences of precisely these engagements with embodied sexuality. Drawing on Charles Tilly's work, the paper argues that, when interrogated, these contradictions can reveal the strategies through which a creaky heterosexual consensus was shored up during a period of military upheaval that profoundly destabilised existing beliefs and practices. Tilly differentiated between academic historians who sought to reconcile ‘very large structural changes’ and ‘the changing experiences of ordinary people’ through either collectivist or individualist approaches to ‘history from below’. Neither of these methods could yield an adequate account, in his view. However, the ‘lay historians’ who participated in our study combined collectivist and individualist perspectives, thereby providing a unique insight into an era when collective values and individual practices were often in tension with one another. As our participants spoke about their young adulthood, their data revealed the potency of local gossip which mobilised wider discourses of alterity or ‘othering’, so shoring up a consensual view of sexual mores, despite the prevalence of attitudes and practices that contravened it. What we argue, therefore, is that rather than a half-remembered, contradictory account of heterosexuality during the 1920s and 1930s, the data we gathered in the early 21st century exemplifies precisely the discursive strategies of that period. In other words, these data shed light on the ways in which not only heterosexual norms, but also an entire, endangered system of distinctions based on class, gender and national identity was upheld.