Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QUALITY OF TABLE EGGS AND THEIR PRODUCT AS AFFECTED BY STORAGE TEMPERATURE

Quality of table eggs and their product was investigated during storage for 40 days at two different temperatures 4±1°C, and 37±1°C. The results showed that the weight loss for eggs was increased with increasing storage periods; however, refrigerated storage markedly reduced the weight loss of eggs compared with that stored at high temperature 37°C. The average weight loss of the refrigerated egg sample was 3% compared to 23% for the sample stored at 37°C respectively at the end of the storage period. The results showed that there was an increase in pH of eggs during storage along with the storage period. The increment was much higher for the sample stored at high temperature 37°C. The storage time has a relatively great negative effect on the albumen foaming capacity and foam stability. Same trend was noticed by applying storage at high temperature 37° C compared with refrigerated storage. The date showed that the sensory evaluation values were highly affected by both storage temperature and storage time. The effect of temperature was much higher than the time.
Prospective clinical study to find out epidemiology of presbyopia in a prepresbyopic population (age group 34–40 years)

Background: Several studies have been carried out regarding the epidemiology of presbyopia at or after 40 years of age. Now a day we find the need of presbyopic glasses before the age of 40 years, so we plan this study in pre-presbyopic age group. Aim: To find out epidemiology of presbyopia in a pre-presbyopic age group (age 34-40 years). Settings and Design: A prospective clinical study was done on two thousand two hundred and ninety-six patients at two tertiary care centres in India. Duration of study was three years and eight months. Materials and Methods: The degree of presbyopia was determined as minimum amount of plus lens needed to achieve maximum improvement in lines read to the end point (N8). Patients were divided in 3 groups, group 1 (age 34-36), group 2 (age 36-38) and in group 3 (age 38-< 40). A detailed epidemiological profile and systemic history were noted in the prescribed Performa. Statistical Analysis Used: Data was analyzed by SPSS software 16. Results: Maximum (43.7%) number of patients was in group 3.In the study females predominated over males and maximum (51.9%) patients were from middle socioeconomic status. We found that 53.6 % were from urban area. 39.6 % patients had accepted that near vision problem affected their daily work efficiency and quality of life. Conclusion: This study shows occurrence of presbyopia in pre-presbyopic age group. So we recommend patients should be screened and treated before the age of 40 years for presbyopia to reduce burden of avoidable visual impairments and for improvement in quality of life.
Brain Responses in CFS and TMD to Autonomic Challenges: An Exploratory fMRI Study

Introduction: Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is seen in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Both conditions have poorly understood pathophysiology. Several brain structures that play a role in pain and fatigue, such as the insular cortex and basal ganglia, are also implicated in autonomic function. Objectives: ANS dysfunction may point to common neurophysiologic mechanisms underlying the predominant symptoms for CFS and TMD. No studies to date have investigated the combination of both conditions. Thus, our aim was to test whether patients with CFS with or without TMD show differences in brain responses to autonomic challenges. Methods: In this exploratory functional imaging study, patients with CFS who screened positive for TMD (n = 26), patients who screened negative for TMD (n = 16), and age-matched control participants (n = 10) performed the Valsalva maneuver while in a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. This maneuver is known to activate the ANS. Results: For all 3 groups, whole-brain F test showed increased brain activation during the maneuver in the superior and inferior frontal gyri, the left and right putamen and thalamus, and the insular cortex. Furthermore, group contrasts with small-volume correction showed that patients with CFS who screened positive for TMD showed greater activity in the left insular cortex as compared with patients who screened negative and in the left caudate nucleus as compared with controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that increased activity in the cortical and subcortical regions observed during autonomic challenges may be modulated by fatigue and pain. ANS dysfunction may be a contributing factor to these findings, and further work is required to tease apart the complex relationship among CFS, TMD, and autonomic functions. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Brain activity related to activation of the autonomic nervous system in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome who screened positive for painful temporomandibular disorder was greater than in patients who screened negative; activity was seen in brain regions associated with autonomic functions and pain. These findings suggest that autonomic dysfunction may play a role in the pathophysiology of both conditions, explain some of the apparent comorbidity between them, and offer avenues to help with treatment.
Searching for prognostic biomarkers for small renal masses in the urinary proteome

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is frequently diagnosed incidentally as an early‐stage small renal mass (SRM; pT1a, ≤4 cm). Overtreatment of patients with benign or clinically indolent SRMs is increasingly common and has resulted in a recent shift in treatment recommendations. There are currently no available biomarkers that can accurately predict clinical behavior. Therefore, we set out to identify early biomarkers of RCC progression. We employed a quantitative label‐free liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) proteomics approach and targeted parallel‐reaction monitoring to identify and validate early, noninvasive urinary biomarkers for RCC‐SRMs. In total, we evaluated 115 urine samples, including 33 renal oncocytoma (≤4 cm) cases, 30 progressive and 26 nonprogressive clear cell RCC (ccRCC)‐SRM cases, in addition to 26 healthy controls. We identified six proteins, which displayed significantly elevated expression in clear cell RCC‐SRMs (ccRCC‐SRMs) relative to healthy controls. Proteins C12ORF49 and EHD4 showed significantly elevated expression in ccRCC‐SRMs compared to renal oncocytoma (≤4 cm). Additionally, proteins EPS8L2, CHMP2A, PDCD6IP, CNDP2 and CEACAM1 displayed significantly elevated expression in progressive relative to nonprogressive ccRCC‐SRMs. A two‐protein signature (EPS8L2 and CCT6A) showed significant discriminatory ability (areas under the curve: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.70–0.93) in distinguishing progressive from nonprogressive ccRCC‐SRMs. Patients (Stage I–IV) with EPS8L2 and CCT6A mRNA alterations showed significantly shorter overall survival (p = 1.407 × 10−6) compared to patients with no alterations. Our in‐depth proteomic analysis identified novel biomarkers for early‐stage RCC‐SRMs. Pretreatment characterization of urinary proteins may provide insight into early RCC progression and could potentially help assign patients to appropriate management strategies.
A Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Model for the Prediction of Monoclonal Antibody Pharmacokinetics From In Vitro Data

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) pharmacokinetics (PK) have largely been predicted via allometric scaling with little consideration for cross‐species differences in neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) affinity or clearance/distribution mechanisms. To address this, we developed a mAb physiologically‐based PK model that describes the intracellular trafficking and FcRn recycling of mAbs in a human FcRn transgenic homozygous mouse and human. This model uses mAb‐specific in vitro data together with species‐specific FcRn tissue expression, tissue volume, and blood‐flow physiology to predict mAb in vivo linear PK a priori. The model accurately predicts the terminal half‐life of 90% of the mAbs investigated within a twofold error. The mechanistic nature of this model allows us to not only predict linear PK from in vitro data but also explore the PK and target binding of mAbs engineered to have pH‐dependent binding to its target or FcRn and could aid in the selection of mAbs with optimal PK and pharmacodynamic properties.
Robustness of Normal-Based Multi-Stage Sequential Sampling Procedures

Multistage sequential procedures have been developed to resolve the drawbacks of fixed sample size procedures, to tackle a variety of inference problems, accomplish predetermined optimal criteria and to make operational savings possible by bulk sampling. Although the theory was developed under the normality assumption, several continuous and discrete distribution parameters were investigated within this optimal statistical decision framework. The current study is designed to answer two main questions. First, how sensitive are these sampling procedures to changes in the underlying distributions from normality? Second, how do shifts in parameters affect the measures of the quality of inference? With first question, our investigation focuses on some departure from normality. The second question concerns the sensitivity of both coverage probability and the Type II error probability of the fixed width confidence intervals to detect possible shifts in the true parameters. Monte Carlo simulations were performed in typical situations to study moderate to large-sample-size performances for these departures. Key-words: Accelerated Sequential Schemes; Kurtosis; One-by-One Sequential sampling; Operating Characteristic Function; Second Order Approximation; Skewness; Triple Sampling.
Proximal and Distal Failure Site Analysis in Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair

Background: Different techniques have been described for percutaneous Achilles tendon rupture repair, but no biomechanical evaluation has been performed separately for proximal and distal suturing techniques. The purpose of this study was to biomechanically analyze proximal versus distal percutaneous Achilles suture configurations during cyclic loading and load to failure. Methods: A simulated, midsubstance rupture was created 6 cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion in fresh-frozen cadaveric Achilles tendons. Fifteen proximal specimens were divided into 3 groups: (A1) triple locking technique, (A2) Bunnell-type technique, and (A3) double Bunnell-type technique. Twelve distal specimens were divided into 2 groups: (B1) triple nonlocking technique and (B2) oblique technique. Repairs were subjected to cyclic testing and load to failure. Load to failure, cause of failure, and tendon elongation were evaluated. Results: None of the proximal specimens and 7/12 of the distal ones failed in cyclic testing. The proximal fixation groups demonstrated significantly more strength than the distal groups (P = .001), achieving up to 710 N of failure load in Group A3. Groups B1and B2 failed on average at 380 N with no difference between them (P > .05). The majority of all repairs failed in the suture-tendon interface. Distal groups had more elongation during cyclic testing (13.7 mm) than proximal groups (9.4 mm) (P = .02). Conclusion: The distal fixation site in this Achilles tendon repair was significantly weaker than the proximal fixation site. A proximal modified suture configuration increased resistance to cyclic loading and load to failure significantly. Clinical Relevance: A modification can be suggested to improve strength of the Achilles repair.
Theory of Mind in Mild Cognitive Impairment – Relationship with Limbic Structures and Behavioural Change

Abstract Objectives: Older adults presenting with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have a higher risk of developing dementia and also demonstrate impairments in social cognition. This study sought to establish whether in people with MCI, poorer theory of mind (ToM) was associated with volumetric changes in the amygdala and hippocampus, as well as early changes in behaviour. Methods: One hundred and fourteen people with MCI and fifty-two older adult controls completed the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), while close informants (e.g., spouse/family member/friend/carer) described any current behavioural changes using the Revised Cambridge Behavioural Inventory (CBI-R). A subsample of participants completed structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The MCI group showed poorer performance on all neuropsychological tests administered, and moderate reductions on the RMET compared to the control group (d = .44), with greater reduction observed in those with amnestic compared to non-amnestic MCI (p = .03). While a robust correlation was identified between poorer RMET performance and smaller hippocampal volume in the control group (ρ = .53, p = .01), this relationship was not apparent in the MCI group (ρ = .21, p = .11). In the MCI group, poorer RMET performance was associated with poorer everyday skills (ρ = −.26, p = .01) assessed by the CBI-R. Conclusions: Our findings cross-validate previous reports that social cognitive deficits in ToM are a feature of MCI and also suggest that disruptions to broader neural networks are likely to be implicated. Furthermore, ToM deficits in MCI are associated with a decline in everyday skills such as writing or paying bills.
Glycolipid Stimulation of Invariant NKT Cells Expands a Unique Tissue-Resident Population of Precursors to Mature NK Cells Endowed with Oncolytic and Antimetastatic Properties

Key Points In vivo treatment with α-GalCer results in hepatic pre-mNK cell expansion. α-GalCer–induced pre-mNK cell expansion is mediated by IL-12 and IL-18. α-GalCer–transactivated pre-mNK cells have tumoricidal/antimetastatic activities. Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize and respond to glycolipid Ags such as α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). This unique property has been exploited in clinical trials for multiple malignancies. While investigating mouse iNKT cell responses to α-GalCer in vivo, we found a dramatically enlarged tissue-resident population surprisingly coexpressing select dendritic cell, NK cell, and B cell markers. Further phenotypic and functional analyses revealed the identity of this B220+CD11c+MHC class II+NK1.1+ population as precursors to mature NK (pre-mNK) cells, which also expressed high levels of proliferation and tissue retention markers but diminished sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1, a receptor that facilitates tissue trafficking. Accordingly, FTY720, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist, failed to prevent pre-mNK cells’ intrahepatic accumulation. We found iNKT cell–driven expansion of pre-mNK cells to be dependent on IL-12 and IL-18. Although α-GalCer–transactivated pre-mNK cells lost their capacity to process a model tumor Ag, they selectively expressed granzyme A and directly lysed YAC-1 thymoma cells through granule exocytosis. They also contributed to β2 microglobulin–deficient target cell destruction in vivo. Therefore, α-GalCer treatment skewed pre-mNK cell responses away from an APC-like phenotype and toward killer cell–like functions. Finally, the ability of α-GalCer to reduce the pulmonary metastatic burden of B16-F10 mouse melanoma was partially reversed by in vivo depletion of pre-mNK cells. To our knowledge, our findings shed new light on iNKT cells’ mechanism of action and glycolipid-based immunotherapies. Therefore, we introduce pre-mNK cells as a novel downstream effector cell type whose anticancer properties may have been overlooked in previous investigations.
Lycorine Induces Apoptosis and G1 Phase Arrest Through ROS/p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

STUDY DESIGN Xenograft osteosarcoma mouse model. OBJECTIVE We determined the effect of lycorine on osteosarcoma. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm, is most prevalent in teenagers and adults and current treatment approaches have reached a survival plateau and attempts to improve osteosarcoma prognosis have proven unsuccessful. Thus there is clear evidence that development of new agents with high efficacy and fewer side effects to provide better prognostic outcome is urgently needed. METHODS The toxicity, function and mechanism of lycorine (LY) on osteosarcoma were accessed in vitro by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and western blotting and in vivo by the xenograft osteosarcoma mouse model. RESULTS In this study, we found that LY exhibited dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxic effects on human osteosarcoma cell-lines SJSA-1 and U2OS, inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest and cellular death via apoptosis. Mechanistically, LY treatment elevated ROS generation that activates the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p53-dependent apoptotic program. Inhibition of ROS generation by NAC or p38 MAPK signaling by SB203580 attenuated the p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by LY. In vivo administration of LY markedly reduced tumor growth with little organ-related toxicity in a mouse xenograft model of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggests that LY exhibit therapeutic potential for the treatment of osteosarcoma. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N /A.
College environment and basic psychological needs: Predicting academic major satisfaction.

The authors aimed to extend the literature in self-determination theory (SDT) to understand the relations between college environmental variables (faculty and peer support) and academic major satisfaction. The study was disseminated via an online platform to 320 students attending a large midwestern university. Based on SDT, it was hypothesized that student perceptions of their volitional autonomy, competence, and relatedness in their academic major would fully mediate the relations between perceived faculty and peer supports and major satisfaction. This hypothesized model was tested against a partially mediated model and an alternate model that further tested the directionality of the argument. Results from structural equation modeling partially supported the hypotheses. Faculty and peer support, respectively, significantly contributed to students' experience of volitional autonomy in their major (βs = .23 and .39), perceived competence in their major (βs = .31 and .37), and relatedness in their major (βs = .29 and .56). Volitional autonomy in a major fully mediated the relationship between faculty support and major satisfaction (M = .14, SE = .05, p < .01, 95% confidence interval CI [.04, .24]) and the relationship between peer support and academic major satisfaction (M = .22, SE = .02, p < .05, 95% CI [.10, .34]). The hypothesized model was found to be superior than the partially mediated and alternate models. Thus, the authors concluded that SDT is a useful framework for understanding the relationship between faculty and peer supports, psychological needs, and major satisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Home First: Exploring the Impact of Community-based Home Care for Older Adults and Their Family Caregivers

ABSTRACT Given the rapidly expanding older adult population, finding health care approaches that support older adults to age in their choice of place, with an accompanying philosophical re-orientation of health services, is becoming more urgent. We studied the Home Care Home First – Quick Response Project to understand how clients over age 75 and their family caregivers perceived the enhanced community-based services delivered through Home First. Using interpretive description as the methodological design, we explored the experiences of eight older adults and 11 family caregivers; all older adults were enrolled in Home First due to a significant change in their health status. We identified four themes: growing older in chosen places with support, philosophy of care, processes of Home First, and the significance of Home First for clients. Overall, clients and family caregivers responded positively to the Home First services. Clients valued their independence and growing older in places they had specifically chosen.
Use of mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine for the treatment of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis—A single‐centre experience

The optimal pharmacological management of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) is unknown. Corticosteroids are often used as first line therapy but can be associated with side effects. There is a paucity of data examining the role of steroid‐sparing agents in cHP. We aimed to determine the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in cHP patients.
Electric acoustic stimulation (EAS) with the Naída CI Q90 sound processor in experienced cochlear implant users

Objectives: The benefit of using the electroacoustic functionality was tested compared to electric stimulation alone. Two different cut-off frequencies between acoustic and electric stimulation were tried. Methods: Performance and subjective preference in 10 subjects was measured with electric only and electroacoustic stimulation with two settings: a cut-off for acoustic amplification at the frequency where thresholds exceeded 70 dB and 85 dB. An overlapping setting was also tried in five participants. Results: There was a non-significant trend with a median improvement in SRT of 1.3 dB (70 dB cut-off) and 0.8 dB (85 dB cut-off) compared to the electric only condition. From nine subjects who completed the study, one preferred the 85 dB cut-off frequency, with the others preferred either a 70 dB cut-off or an overlapping setting. Discussion: Nine subjects continued to use the EAS processor after study termination because of subjective benefits. The variability in speech outcomes and subjective preference is underlining the importance of being able to manually change acoustic and electric cut-off frequencies. Conclusion: There were non-significant median group benefits from use of the acoustic component for these existing CI users. A hearing loss of 70 dB HL is an appropriate default cut-off frequency in the fitting software. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT