Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Student Engagement in the Classrooms of Restructuring Schools.

This paper presents findings of a study that investigated factors that contribute to the engagement of students. Based on the theoretical model of Newmann, Wehlage, and Lamborn (1992), the study examined the effect of instructional approaches of teachers, contextual features of classrooms, and attributes of student experience on students' engagement in academic work. The sample, obtained through a nationwide selection process, included 24 public schools (8 elementary, 8 middle, and 8 high schools) deeply involved in restructuring. Data were collected from a survey of 5th --, 8th-, and 10th-grade students and their teachers from six core classrooms (3 mathematics and 3 social sciences) in each of the 24 schools. Over 3,660 students in 143 of the 149 core classrooms completed surveys. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) were used to analyze the data. Finding confirmed the importance of authentic work and structures of support for students. Student self-concept had a moderate effect on engagement, and girls were more engaged than were boys. Students in mathematics classes had higher levels of engagement than those in social studies classes. Surprisingly, the use of traditional instructional methods exerted a positive influence on student engagement, while progressive methods did nnt. The data indicate that progressive methods must be combined with challenging content and a clear focus of inquiry. Specific restructuring content, such as authentic academic work and structures of support for learning, proved important in raising student engagement even where generalized restructuring was taking place. Two figures and six tables are included. Appendices contain statistical data and information on the construction of var,ables and methodology. (LMI) U 8 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organisation originating it O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality -ct 00 e Pointsolview or opinions staled in this dot u00 ment do not necessarily represent official OERI posibon or policy r--I 00 STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN THE CLASSROOMS OF RESTRUCTURING SCHOOLS Helen M. Marks University of Wisconsin-Madison
The Effect of Social Capital and Absorptive Capacity through Knowledge Management on Finance Company Performance in Indonesia

The objective of this research is to present a model that describes the general effect of social capital and absorptive capacity on knowledge management and its implications on company performance.The model proposed in this research is tested by structural equation model. This research processed data from 258 respondents of employees of finance companies in Indonesia that meet certain requirements of 27 samples of the company.This research found that social capital has a positive and significant effect on absorptive capacity and knowledge management. Absorptive capacity has a positive and significant impact on knowledge management and company performance. Knowledge management also has a positive and significant effect on company performance. Social capital and absorptive capacity together have a positive and significant influence on knowledge management. Furthermore social capital, absorptive capacity and knowledge management together have a positive and significant impact on company performance. Absorptive capacity mediates the relationship between social capital and knowledge management. Knowledge management fully mediates the relationship between social capital and absorptive capacity on company performance. Social capital indirectly affects the company performance through knowledge management or absorptive capacity.This research model only limits the factors that affect company performance to three main variables namely social capital, absorptive capacity and knowledge management. Future research is suggested to try with additional other variables such as monetary incentives and/or corporate culture.The practical implication of this research is to improve knowledge management, it is necessary to improve social capital and absorptive capacity together. Furthermore company performance can be improved if social capital, absorptive capacity and knowledge management also improved simultaneously.The model proposed in this research improves the understanding of academics and practitioners about the construct of knowledge management. The mediation function of knowledge management is something new from this research compared to previous researches. This research also provides an additional contradictory list of previous researches on the relationship between social capital and company performance.
The NRU and the Evolution of Regional Disparities in Spanish Unemployment

On both theoretical and empirical grounds, this paper provides evidence that refutes the natural rate of unemployment (NRU) hypothesis as an explanation of the evolution of regional disparities in the unemployment rate. We first present our analytical framework, which follows the chain reaction theory (CRT) of unemployment and argues that (i) a system of interactive labour market equations, rather than a single-equation unemployment rate model, is better equipped to accommodate unemployment dynamics, and (ii) due to the interplay of frictions and growth in labour markets, the NRU ceases to be an attractor of the unemployment rate time path. We then provide evidence that the Spanish economy is characterised by large and persistent disparities in the regional unemployment rates. Through standard kernel density tecnhiques, we demonstrate the existence of marked differences between two groups of high and low unemployment regions that remain stable in their composition through time. Finally, we review our empirical labour market model for each group of regions and evaluate the corresponding natural rates. Our findings confirm that the evolution of regional disparities cannot be attributed to disparities in the natural rates, given that these, although different, do not act as an attractor of unemployment. Thus, the NRUs offer little help in the formulation of labour market policies.
Inge-marie Schwellnus-Navorsing

In the light of the controversy surrounding the concept and assessment of psychopathy, the main aim of this study was to determine the relevancy of psychopathy-related measures from a non-Western and more specific black African perspective. More than 100 Basotho (Sesotho-speaking) Psychology students were assessed with measuring instruments which had been translated into Sesotho. The total reliability of these instruments was found to be acceptable, but the reliability coefficients for most of the subscales were unsatisfactory. The validity of the instruments could also be questioned. Significant correlations were found among the measures. When the results of the present study were compared with an American sample, it appeared that the Basotho group scored higher on primary psychopathy but lower on secondary psychopathy than the American group. However, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution, as there were several shortcomings that derived, among others, from the translation and administration of the questionnaires, as well as the researchers’ neglecting the impact of language of instruction versus that of home language.
Firms and Skills

We document a significant increase in the sorting of workers by cognitive and noncognitive skills across Swedish firms during 1986–2008. During this period, worker skill differences between firms increased, while within-firm skill differences fell. A significant fraction of the increase in the between-firm differences in cognitive skill is due to high-skilled workers moving into the information and communications technology (ICT) sector. Within-firm skill differences fell in all major industries, but particularly in the manufacturing sector. Combined with steeper firm-level skill gradients, the increase in sorting can account for 45 percent of the increase in between-firm wage dispersion during our period of study.
Dynamic Pull-in Instability of Nano-Actuators in the Presence of a Dielectric Layer

The natural frequency and pull-in instability of clamped-clamped nanoactuators in the presence of a dielectric layer are analyzed. The influence of the presence of Casimir force, electrostatic force, fringing field effect, axial force, stretching effects and the size effect are taken into account. The governing equation of the dynamic response of the actuator is transformed in a non-dimensional form. The Galerkin decomposition method is employed to decompose the equations in time and space. Then, the obtained decomposed governing equations are solved numerically. The results show that the presence of the size effect and the axial force increases the natural frequency of the system. It is found that there is a unique value of the dielectric layer, in which the pull-in deflections of the nano-actuators are independent of the Casimir force, size effect and the axial loads. The advantage of this dielectric layer can be utilized in the design of nano-actuators and nano-sensors in the nanoscale.
A Model of Bankruptcy Prediction: Calibration of Atman’s Z-score for Japan

Early warning of financial distress is vital for bankruptcy prediction and the study of bankruptcy risk became of main interest for the various stakeholders of the financially distressed firms. This paper is a follow up of Altman (1968) Z-score, and more precisely a calibration for the Japanese setting. The motivation behind this study is that the model might deviate from the original observations due to the differences. The first difference arises from the accounting and financial divergences between the two countries, and more specifically between the US GAAP and JP GAAP (PriceWaterhouseCoopers, 2005). The second difference is with respect to recent financial developments, such as risk management tools, and differences in corporate governance between the JP and US. In the development of the model, the same methodology as in the original model is followed. Firstly, the model is calibrated for a Japanese setting. Secondly, validation tests are performed in order to assess the reliability and predictability of the model. Finally, the empirical evidence shows support for the calibrated model. Furthermore, it is recommended that the model has to be used only under the financial and accounting conditions of Japan.
Efficient quantum circuits for diagonal unitaries without ancillas

The accurate evaluation of diagonal unitary operators is often the most resource-intensive element of quantum algorithms such as real-space quantum simulation and Grover search. Efficient circuits have been demonstrated in some cases but generally require ancilla registers, which can dominate the qubit resources. In this paper, we give a simple way to construct efficient circuits for diagonal unitaries without ancillas, using a correspondence between Walsh functions and a basis for diagonal operators. This correspondence reduces the problem of constructing the minimal-depth circuit within a given error tolerance, for an arbitrary diagonal unitary e if x ˆ ? > in the x ? > basis, to that of finding the minimal-length Walsh-series approximation to the function f(x). We apply this approach to the quantum simulation of the classical Eckart barrier problem of quantum chemistry, demonstrating that high-fidelity quantum simulations can be achieved with few qubits and low depth.
ROLE OF CALCIUM COMPOUNDS ON REDUCTION OF ARSENIC AND SELENIUM DURING FLUIDIZED BED COAL COMBUSTION

Effect of calcium-bearing compounds in fly ash on the retention of Arsenic (As) and Selenium (Se) has been examined by conducting the combustion of two Australian coals without and with the addition of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) at 860 o C in a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor. Apart from calcium hydroxide, another two additives, CaSO4 and Fe2O3, have also selected and tested. Speciation of As and Se during fly ash leaching test were also predicted from the perspective of thermodynamic equilibrium. The results indicate that, increasing Ca/S molar ratio in coal is favorable for the retention of As and Se through possible gas-solid reactions of As and Se vapors with free calcium (CaO) in fly ash. This reaction was retarded by SO2 in flue gas via preferential calcium sulfation. Leaching test of the resulting fly ash suggested that the leaching behavior of As and Se is largely dependent on the final pH of the leachate. Increasing Ca/S caused the shift of acidic fly ash into basic fly ash, thereby leading to a reduction of the leaching extent of As and Se. Ca concentration in leachate at alkaline condition also can reduce As leaching. Regarding the effect of different additives on the reduction of As leaching from fly ash, a descending sequence of Ca(OH)2>CaSO4>Fe2O3 was observed.
Impact of imaging geometry on 3D geopositioning accuracy of stereo IKONOS imagery

Special Ikonos data acquisition and investigation were conducted to study the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) geopositioning accuracy and stereo imaging geometry, in particular, convergence angles. Six Ikonos images (four on one track and two on another track) were collected for a test site at Tampa Bay, Florida, in 2004 and 2007, respectively. Different combinations of Ikonos stereo image pairs, both along-track and cross-track, were formed. Using the highresolution satellite image processing system developed at The Ohio State University, DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) controlled ground control points, and a number of check points, we demonstrated: (a) The convergence angle plays an important role in along-track or cross-track stereo mapping, especially in improvement of the accuracy in the vertical direction; (b) Regardless of stereo configuration (alongtrack or cross-track), the accuracy in the X (cross-track) direction is better than that in the Y (along-track) direction; and (c) Although there is a slight correlation between the convergence angle and the accuracy in the Y (along-track) direction in the case of along-track stereo configuration, no distinct relationship is found in the X (cross-track) direction. Similarly, improvement of the horizontal accuracies is found with increased convergence angles when dealing with crosstrack stereo pairs.
The marine macroalgae of Brier Island, Nova Scotia, Canada

From May to October 2017 seaweeds were identified in the field and laboratory from 20 sites around Brier Island, Nova Scotia. While most sites were intertidal rocky shores, there were one small salt marsh and one eelgrass bed included in the study, and some subtidal sampling was conducted utilizing SCUBA and snorkeling. The Brier Island seaweeds comprised 152 species and varieties of which 62 were Rhodophyta, 44 were Chlorophyta, 44 were Phaeophyceae, and two species were Xanthophyceae. Three species were new records for eastern Canada: Colaconema bonne- maisoniae, C. endophyticum, and Elachista stellaris, all were pre- viously recorded from New England. The flora included eight non- native species of which Colpomenia peregrina and Bonnemaisonia hami- fera (both gametophytic and tetrasporophytic stages) were abundant at two or more sites, and the invasive Codium fragile subsp. fragile was recorded based on a single drift specimen. With 150 species and varieties of seaweeds, Brier Island has the highest species richness of a limited area of eastern Canada. The Cheney floristic index at 2.4 is higher than comparable areas, and suggests that many additional brown algae remain to be found.Keywords: Chlorophyta, Colaconema, Bay of Fundy, Brier Island, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyta, seaweeds
Antarctic fur seals foraging in the Polar Frontal Zone: inter-annual shifts in diet as shown from fecal and fatty acid analyses

We studied the dietary preferences of Antarctic fur seals Arctocephalus gazella from Cap Noir, Iles Kerguelen, foraging in the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) in February of 1998, 1999 and 2000. Scats were collected and analyzed for remaining prey hard parts in each of the 3 years, and in 1999 and 2000, the fatty acid (FA) composition of fur seal milk samples was also examined for longer- term dietary preferences. Scat analyses revealed that seals foraged primarily on fish and some squid in all 3 years with 25 species of fish being taken during the study. Myctophid fish accounted for an aver- age of 94% by number of all fish consumed with 3 species, Gymnoscopelus nicholsi, G. piabilis and Electrona subaspera, forming the core diet. Inter-annual differences in dietary species composition were apparent, however, with the presence of the mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari in 1998 and the myctophid Protomyctophum tenisoni in 1999 accounting primarily for the differences ob- served between years. While reconstituted prey biomass per scat was similar between years, scats from 1998 represented less energy per gram than those from 1999 and 2000. This study highlights the usefulness of using FA signature analysis to confirm longer-term shifts in dietary intake of fur seals us- ing milk samples. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly more prevalent in the 1999 milk samples, which were also lower in overall lipid content (43% vs 53%). G. nicholsi, a particularly oily fish, occurred in higher proportions in the diet in 2000, perhaps explaining the higher incidence of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in this year and the generally higher lipid levels present in milk samples. The inter-annual variation in the diet of Antarctic fur seals confirmed by these 2 techniques lends support to the hypothesis that previously identified variations in oceanographic conditions surrounding Iles Kerguelen in 1998, 1999 and 2000 affect the availability of fur seal prey resources.
Asteroseismic modelling of solar-type stars: internal systematics from input physics and surface correction methods

Asteroseismic forward modelling techniques are being used to determine fundamental properties (e.g. mass, radius, and age) of solar-type stars. The need to take into account all possible sources of error is of paramount importance towards a robust determination of stellar properties. We present a study of 34 solar-type stars for which high signal-to-noise asteroseismic data is available from multi-year Kepler photometry. We explore the internal systematics on the stellar properties, that is, associated with the uncertainty in the input physics used to construct the stellar models. In particular, we explore the systematics arising from: (i) the inclusion of the diffusion of helium and heavy elements; and (ii) the uncertainty in solar metallicity mixture. We also assess the systematics arising from (iii) different surface correction methods used in optimisation/fitting procedures. The systematics arising from comparing results of models with and without diffusion are found to be 0.5%, 0.8%, 2.1%, and 16% in mean density, radius, mass, and age, respectively. The internal systematics in age are significantly larger than the statistical uncertainties. We find the internal systematics resulting from the uncertainty in solar metallicity mixture to be 0.7% in mean density, 0.5% in radius, 1.4% in mass, and 6.7% in age. The surface correction method by Sonoi et al. and Ball & Gizon's two-term correction produce the lowest internal systematics among the different correction methods, namely, ~1%, ~1%, ~2%, and ~8% in mean density, radius, mass, and age, respectively. Stellar masses obtained using the surface correction methods by Kjeldsen et al. and Ball & Gizon's one-term correction are systematically higher than those obtained using frequency ratios.
Partnership and the limits of procedure: Prospects for relationships between parents and professionals under the new Public Law Outline

April 2008 saw the introduction of a new Public Law Outline (PLO) that aims to improve judicial case management of Public Law Children Act cases. The PLO is a response to concerns about the rising number of care proceedings, associated costs, and the difficulties of achieving case resolution given this volume. Based on an ethos that care proceedings should be avoided wherever possible, the new approach to case management, which places significant emphasis on pre-proceedings work and the effective engagement of parents, can be seen to reinforce the ‘no order principle’ enshrined in the Children Act (CA) 1989. Focusing specifically on relationships between parents and professionals, this paper provides a critical discussion of the potential of the PLO to further promote consensual practices with parents. Discussion traces the introduction of the concept of partnership within the CA 1989, provides a review of the evidence to-date of effective partnership working, before considering the prospects for the PLO with respect to parental engagement. A number of key contextual obstacles are highlighted that will inevitably undermine the aspirations of the new outline, and a more general observation is drawn about the limits of procedure in effecting change in complex social issues.
THE EFFECT OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION ON CRANIOVERTEBRAL ANGLE AND DEPRESSION STATUS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

THE EFFECT OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION ON CRANIOVERTEBRAL ANGLE AND DEPRESSION STATUS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS Karthikeyan Selvaganapathy *1, Roshini Rajappan 1, Tham Hung Dee 2. *1 Senior lecturer, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Therapeutic Science, Asia Metropolitan University, Cheras, Selangor, Malaysia. 2 Physiotherapist, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Therapeutic Science, Asia Metropolitan University, Cheras, Selangor, Malaysia.
A metal-rich elongated structure in the core of the group NGC 4325

We used X-ray 2D spectrally resolved maps to resolve structure in temperature and metal abundance. To perform stellar population analysis we applied the spectral fitting technique with STARLIGHT to the optical spectrum of the central galaxy. We simulated the chemical evolution of the central galaxy. While the temperature, pseudo-pressure, and pseudo-entropy maps showed no inhomogeneities, the iron spatial distribution shows a filamentary structure in the core of this group, which is spatially correlated with the central galaxy, suggesting a connection between the two. The analysis of the optical spectrum of the central galaxy showed no contribution by any recent AGN activity. Using the star formation history as input to chemical evolution models, we predicted the iron and oxygen mass released by supernovae (SNe) winds in the central galaxy up to the present time. Comparing the predicted amount of mass released by the NGC4325 galaxy to the ones derived through X-ray analysis we conclude that the winds from the central galaxy alone play a minor role in the IGM metal enrichment of this group inside r2500. The SNe winds are responsible for no more than 3% of it and of the iron mass and 21% of the oxygen mass enclosed within r2500. Our results suggest that oxygen has been produced in the early stages of the group formation, becoming well mixed and leading to an almost flat profile. Instead, the iron distribution is centrally peaked, indicating that this element is still being added to the IGM specifically in the core by the SNIa. A possible scenario to explain the elongated iron-rich structure in the core of the NGC4325 is a past AGN activity, in which our results suggest an episode older than ~10^7-10^8 yrs and younger than 5x10^8.