Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of International Education Accreditation on a Graduate Health and Hospital Program

The overriding objective was to compare the influence of Assurance of Learning (AoL), on several graduate students’ pedagogical outcomes before and after an international accreditation program. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect data from subjects enrolled in a graduate program. Out of 122 graduate students who voluntarily participated in the pretest (2015), only 88 students participated in the posttest (2017). Overall, the students expressed effective AoL in many pedagogical outcomes based on the post-accreditation process. A high positive correlation was observed between the overall effectiveness of AoL and communication skills (r = 0.875, p = 0.01). Of the pre-accredited group, 56.2% reported effective AoL outcomes; this percentage increased to 77.8%. The pretest and posttest results indicated significant differences in AoL (p
Selecting for marbling and its relationship with other important economic traits. What impact does it have

Genetic correlations between intramuscular fat % (IMF) and several important live animal, carcass, meat quality and eating quality traits were estimated using records on 3594 temperate and 3831 tropically adapted cattle. Animals were finished to three different market weight end-points, either on pasture or in a feedlot, and in different regions for the tropically adapted breeds. Phenotypic and genetic expression of IMF were examined at the different levels of market and finishing regime. Results showed IMF increased with increasing market weight. Feedlot finishing increased IMF compared to pasture finishing. Heifers (at the same market weight) had more IMF than steers. Tropically adapted breeds finished in Nth NSW had more IMF than those finished in sub-tropical feedlot. The heritability of IMF was 0.38 and 0.39 for temperate and tropically adapted breeds, respectively. However the additive variance of IMF was more than twice as much for temperate breeds compared to tropically adapted breeds. IMF was positively correlated genetically with measures of fatness and negatively with retail beef yield percent. The genetic correlations between IMF and growth traits were low, and moderate with meat quality traits. Genetic correlations with MSA eating quality traits (sub-set of data) were positive. Little evidence existed for genotype by market or genotype by finishing regime interactions for IMF. Genetic improvement of IMF is possible in both temperate and tropically adapted breeds, however some important genetic correlations will need to be addressed in any selection program.
The mass distribution of the Fornax dSph: Constraints from its globular cluster distribution

Uniquely among the dwarf spheroidal (dSph) satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, Fornax hosts globular clusters. It remains a puzzle as to why dynamical friction has not yet dragged any of Fornax’s five globular clusters to the centre, and also why there is no evidence that any similar star cluster has been in the past (for Fornax or any other tidally undisrupted dSph). We set up a suite of 2800 N-body simulations that sample the full range of globular cluster orbits and mass models consistent with all existing observational constraints for Fornax. In agreement with previous work, we find that if Fornax has a large dark matter core, then its globular clusters remain close to their currently observed locations for long times. Furthermore, we find previously unreported behaviour for clusters that start inside the core region. These are pushed out of the core and gain orbital energy, a process we call ‘dynamical buoyancy’. Thus, a cored mass distribution in Fornax will naturally lead to a shell-like globular cluster distribution near the core radius, independent of the initial conditions. By contrast, cold dark matter-type
On the Differential Impact of Securitization on Bank Lending During the Financial Crisis

This paper analyzes the effect of securitization on bank loan supply over the 2001 to 2013 period using a large sample of Eurozone banks. We document that an increase in banks' ABS issuances positively correlates with bank loan supply before the 2007-08 financial crisis but not afterwards. The underlying collateral of the securitization is correlated with changes of loan supply of the respective type. The main motivation for banks to issue ABS and covered bonds is their use as a funding tool. Since the required skills are similar, ABS issuers were better able to switch to covered bonds, allowing them to gain from the higher liquidity of covered bonds during and right after the financial crisis. We do not find evidence of ABS issuances increasing bank risk.
Abrupt reversal in emissions and atmospheric abundance of HCFC‐133a (CF3CH2Cl)

Hydrochlorofluorocarbon HCFC‐133a (CF3CH2Cl) is an anthropogenic compound whose consumption for emissive use is restricted under the Montreal Protocol. A recent study showed rapidly increasing atmospheric abundances and emissions. We report that, following this rise, the atmospheric abundance and emissions have declined sharply in the past three years. We find a Northern Hemisphere HCFC‐133a increase from 0.13 ppt (dry‐air mole fraction in parts per trillion) in 2000 to 0.50 ppt in 2012–mid‐2013 followed by an abrupt drop to ∼0.44 ppt by early 2015. Global emissions derived from these observations peaked at 3.1 kt in 2011, followed by a rapid decline of ∼0.5 kt yr−2 to reach 1.5 kt yr−1 in 2014. Sporadic HCFC‐133a pollution events are detected in Europe from our high‐resolution HCFC‐133a records at three European stations, and in Asia from samples collected in Taiwan. European emissions are estimated to be <0.1 kt yr−1 although emission hot spots were identified in France.
Occurrence of Leptospirae Antibodies in Abattoir Workers in Parts of North Central Nigeria

Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease of livestock with worldwide occurrence, can have debilitating and life threatening consequences on humans. Thus to determine the sero-epidemiology of Leptospira antibodies in Nigeria, prevalent circulating serovars in the population and provide data for health policy makers, in the control and treatment of leptospirosis, this study was undertaken. Two hundred and sixty-three blood samples from male and female abbatoir workers from four locations in north central Nigeria; Benue State, Plateau State, Nassarawa State and the Federal Capital Territory were screened for the antibodies to leptospirae by Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) and IgG ELISA techniques, where 87.7 and 81.0% sero-positive rates were obtained, respectively. Nassarawa State had the highest sero-positive rate of 94.3%, while the least rates were found in Plateau State with 82.8%. Across all study locations, more males were seropositive than females. Leptospira hardjo was the highest circulating serovar; 66 (28.6%), while, the least was L. tarassovi 8 (3.5%). Symptoms of Leptospira infection closely mimic those of many febrile illnesses in Nigeria and accurate diagnosis may be missed. Education of susceptible individuals and close collaboration between research and medical workers is advocated to help combat the infection.
The Relationship between Teachers' Collective Efficacy and Student Achievement at Economically Disadvantaged Middle School Campuses.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the collective efficacy of teachers and student achievement at economically disadvantaged middle school campuses. The population of the study consisted of Texas campuses that served economically disadvantaged students and received a campus rating of Exemplary or Academically Unacceptable for two consecutive years, according to the Texas Education Agency (TEA). The data shows that significant differences exist between the collective efficacy of teachers from Exemplary and Academically Unacceptable campuses. It was also discovered that the Assessment of Teaching Competence (GC) and Analysis of Teaching Task (TA) is higher for teachers from Exemplary campuses versus that of teachers from Academically Unacceptable campuses. The quantitative findings presented in the study provide further knowledge on the relationship between collective efficacy and student achievement. This study has found that the collective efficacy of a campus can influence student achievement at the middle school level.
Productive and reproductive performance at farrowing and at weaning of sows of seven genetic lines

This research aimed to study the effects of genetic line (GL), farrowing room (FR) and number of parity (NP) on the productive and reproductive performance at farrowing and weaning of sows of seven genetic lines. The response variables were total litter size at farrowing (TLSF) and at weaning (TLSW), pigs born alive (PBA), stillbirth (PBD), litter weight at farrowing (LWF) and at weaning (LWW), sow average food intake (FI), and sow weight (SWL), and back fat (BFL) loss during lactation. Besides the fixed effects of GL, NP, and FR, the model also included the covariates TLSF for LWF, and TLSW for LWW. There were significant differences (P<0.0026) among GL for TLSF, PBA, PBD, and FI. Parity was important (P<0.0001) only for FI, and FR was (P<0.038) for PBD. Sows of three or more parities had higher FI (4.5 ± 0.2 kg) than those of one and two (3.4 ± 0.2 kg). It is needed more attention at farrowing and during lactation in order to reduce death of piglets both at farrowing and during lactation. Back fat and weight loss of sows during lactation should be reduced in order to avoid deterioration of post-weaning productive and reproductive performance.
Identification and Estimation of a Discrete Game by Observing its Correlated Equilibria

This paper studies the problem of identifying and estimating the normal-form payoff parameters of a simultaneous, discrete game of complete information where the equilibrium concept employed is correlated equilibrium rather than Nash equilibrium. We show that once we extend the equilibrium concept from Nash equilibrium to the correlated equilibrium, the identification and estimation of game-theoretic econometric models become simpler, since this extension avoids the usual requirement of computing all equilibria of games. To deal with the presence of multiple equilibria, unlike most other work on empirical games, we make use of the moment inequality restrictions induced by the underlying game-theoretic econometric models without making equilibrium selection assumptions. The resulting identified features of the model are sets of parameters such that the choice probabilities predicted by the econometric model are consistent with the empirical choice probabilities estimated from the data. The importance sampling technique is used to reduce computational burden and overcome the non-smoothness problems. We also show that the model selection tests for moment inequality models can be used to test equilibrium concepts such as correlated equilibrium versus Nash equilibrium.
Enterprise Transformation: Why Are We Interested, What Is It, and What Are the Challenges?

The concept of enterprise transformation has become increasingly popular as companies recognize the need to achieve an integrated perspective within and across organizational boundaries to address complex challenges. Yet, there is little clarity concerning what constitutes an “enterprise” or indeed “enterprise transformation. ” This article is conceived as an initial step along the journey towards this clarity. There is considerable work to be done in delineating this area of interest and this article is offered as a stimulus for debate on what constitutes enterprise transformation. Drawing on themes from the management and systems engineering disciplines, the article will propose four characteristics of “enterprise” as a unit for transformation and look at why this holistic unit of analysis has become critical to businesses. The article will also ask what constitutes transformation, and offer characterizing criteria to distinguish this magnitude of change from more incremental changes. A recent empirical case study will be examined to further elucidate challenges faced in defining, leading, and transforming multi-organizational enterprises. Finally, a near-term research agenda is outlined for the evolving discipline of enterprise transformation.
In vitro adhesion of propionic acid bacteria to human intestinal mucus

Propionic acid bacteria (PAB) have widely been used as starter cultures. Their potential as probiotics has, however, received little attention. Adhesion to the intestinal mucosa is considered one of the main selection criteria for probiotic micro-organisms. Therefore, in the current study the adhesion of PAB to human intestinal mucus was investigated in an in vitro model. The tested PAB ex- hibited a low to moderate level of adhesion (0.4 to 4.5% of the applied bacteria). Because adhesion to mucus and bovine serum albumin were similar, it is likely that the adhesion to mucus is the result of non-specific interactions. The adhesion to mucus could be significantly enhanced by prior adhesion of existing probiotic strains. The PAB did not affect the adhesion of these probiotics. Adhesion of the moderately adhering strains was found to be close to maximum within 30 s showing that the adhesion happens almost instantaneously, while the adhesion of the low binding strains increased unti l1ho f incubation. These results together with earlier observations on the properties of PAB indicate that selected PAB have good prerequisites for probiotic use. Propionibacterium / adhesion / intestinal mucus / probiotic
Dose-response effects of sage (Salvia officinalis) and yarrow (Achillea millefolium) essential oils on rumen fermentation in vitro

Abstract This study aimed at determining the chemical composition of sage essential oil (SEO) and yarrow essential oil (YEO), and investigate in vitro their impacts on gas production kinetics, ruminal digestibility and fermentation, and rumen methanogenesis at different dosages (0, 250, 500 and 750 mg L-1 for SEO; and 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg L−1 for YEO). Alpha-pinene and 1,8 cineol were two major constituents of both SEO and YEO. Both SEO and YEO had a linear and quadratic effect on asymptotic gas production (P<0.05). The gas production rate increased linearly with SEO and curve-linearly with YEO dosages (P<0.05). In vitro degradability of dry matter and organic matter decreased only by YEO. The partitioning factor (PF) and the microbial biomass (MB) decreased and increased linearly with YEO and SEO dosages, respectively (P<0.05). Total volatile fatty acids (VFA ) were not affected by SEO, but decreased in a linear and quadratic manner with YEO dosage (P<0.05). The VFA pattern was modified in a linear and quadratic manner by both SEO and YEO (P<0.05). Ammonia concentration increased linearly only with YEO increasing doses. The methane to total gas (TG) ratio decreased quadratically only by SEO with reductions of 6.7, 13 and 4.2% at the doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg L−1, respectively. These results revealed that SEO modifies the rumen fermentation positively towards producing more MB and less methane in the dose range of 0-750 mg L−1, however, YEO adversely affected the rumen fermentation at all the tested doses.
Journal of Geophysical Research : Atmospheres Does Strong Tropospheric Forcing Cause Large-Amplitude Mesospheric Gravity Waves ? A DEEPWAVE Case Study

On 4 July 2014, during the Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE), strong low-level horizontal winds of up to 35 m s−1 over the Southern Alps, New Zealand, caused the excitation of gravity waves having the largest vertical energy fluxes of the whole campaign (38 W m−2). At the same time, large-amplitude mesospheric gravity waves were detected by the Temperature Lidar for Middle Atmospheric Research (TELMA) located at Lauder (45.0∘S, 169.7∘E), New Zealand. The coincidence of these two events leads to the question of whether the mesospheric gravity waves were generated by the strong tropospheric forcing. To answer this, an extensive data set is analyzed, comprising TELMA, in situ aircraft measurements, radiosondes, wind lidar measurements aboard the DLR Falcon as well as Rayleigh lidar and advanced mesospheric temperature mapper measurements aboard the National Science Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric Research Gulfstream V. These measurements are further complemented by limited area simulations using a numerical weather prediction model. This unique data set confirms that strong tropospheric forcing can cause large-amplitude gravity waves in the mesosphere, and that three essential ingredients are required to achieve this: first, nearly linear propagation across the tropopause; second, leakage through the stratospheric wind minimum; and third, amplification in the polar night jet. Stationary gravity waves were detected in all atmospheric layers up to the mesosphere with horizontal wavelengths between 20 and 100 km. The complete coverage of our data set from troposphere to mesosphere proved to be valuable to identify the processes involved in deep gravity wave propagation.
Determination of (n, 2n) Reaction Cross-Sections for 71Ga, 106Cd & 138Ba Using 14 MeV Neutrons

Activation cross-sections for the (n,2n) eaction have been measured at an incident neutron energy of 14.7 + 0.3 MeV for the isotopes 71 Ga, 106 Cd and 138 Ba. These measurements were made relative to the cross-section for the 63 Cu(n,2n) 62Cu reaction. The relative cross-sections were then converted to absolute cross-sections by using the 550 + 28 mb cross_ section value for the 63 Cu(n,2n) 62 Cu reaction. Highly enriched isotopes were used as samples.
Is mobile health (mHealth) the magic bullet? A short review of the impact of mHealth on adolescent sexual health.

Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) remains a major public health and developmental issue worldwide. The stage of adolescence is typically characterised by a desire for information curiosity and experimentation. Adolescent social interactions relationships and sexual behaviour are intimately linked to information available to them during this transition period and ASRH programmes deliver sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information through a varying number of intervention strategies. The proliferation of mobile phones ownership and use across all populations worldwide has created opportunities for new interventions in health. Its use in SRH especially for adolescents and young people has been researched in a number of studies. This article explores the potential and impact of the use of mobile health (mHealth) for ASRH promotion. This study is a literature review based on analysis of secondary data from published literature. An electronic database search was conducted on Global health Web of science Popline PubMed and Google-scholar. Findings of the review show that most published studies on mHealth interventions were from developed countries. The mHealth based interventions recorded positive effects on improving knowledge and promoting some aspects of positive sexual behaviour like sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing and seeking SRH information. However the effect on other aspects of sexual behaviour like condom use and sex-partner behaviour was inconsistent. It is concluded that mobile phones can be an effective tool for engaging with adolescents concerning their SRH however further research with randomised controlled trials are encouraged with special focus on adolescents in developing countries.
Data report: gas hydrate structural and compositional characterization by spectroscopic analysis, IODP Expedition 311 1

Two gas hydrate cores from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 311 Site U1328 (northern Cascadia margin) were analyzed for structural and compositional characterization. Gas hydrate was present mainly as nodules surrounded by sediment. The samples were recovered from 4.5 to 8.68 meters below seafloor using a conventional nonpressurized coring technique. Quenched in liquid nitrogen upon recovery, the gas hydrates were kept at cryogenic temperatures for sampling with Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Pure structure I (sI) methane gas hydrate was found in one sample and a methane-rich sI gas hydrate containing hydrogen sulfide was found in the second sample. Small local variations in the hydrogen sulfide amounts were shown. A hydration number of 6.08 was measured for both samples, in agreement with previous work with synthetic and recovered natural gas hydrates from similar locations. A method for determining the fraction of hydrate vs. ice using a Raman peak from water is given. This approach provides a possible tool to estimate sample degradation (conversion of gas hydrate to water + gas) as a result of recovery. Quantitative agreement between the methane cage occupancy ratios was shown for the nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopic techniques for both sample sets, comprising pure methane and a mixture of methane + hydrogen sulfide.
The issue of poverty in the provision of quality education in Kenyan secondary schools

Poverty which can be defined in terms of extreme, moderate and relative poverty is a threat to existence of humanity in modern times especially in the developing world. Worst hit are countries in Sub Saharan Africa. The millennium development agenda set to reduce poverty by a half by the year 2015.This expresses the global commitment in ensuring that the living standards of mankind. In Kenya the wish to alleviate poverty has been articulated since independence through various sessional papers, commissions, taskforces and development plans. Several proposals have been made in these documents on how to reduce poverty. However, the challenges of poverty still abound in Kenya. These challenges threaten provision of social services among majority of Kenyans who total about 56%. One of the basic social services which are highly threatened is the provision of quality education. This paper articulates the issue of poverty in provision of quality education. Causes, characteristics, and effects of poverty in Kenya are discussed. Indictors of quality education are discussed along with the government’s efforts to reduce poverty and realize provision of education to most of the deserving citizens. Conclusions are drawn from the discussions and recommendation made on how best to address the affects of poverty in the provision of quality education.
The Effect of the Mandatory K-IFRS Adoption on Earnings Management - The Evidence from Korea.

This paper examines whether the mandatory adoption of K-IFRS affects the earnings quality of Korean firms by comparing earnings managements measured with absolute discretionary accruals and real activities earnings managements of pre-IFRS and post-IFRS periods. Using samples of 7,417 firmyear observations from 2006 to 2012, it is found that the accruals earnings management decreased after the mandatory K-IFRS adoption, but real activities earnings management increased. This implies that listed companies would switch from the accrual-based to the real-based earnings management after the mandatory K-IFRS adoption. One implication to accounting information users is that they cannot benefit from the K-IFRS adoption in terms of higher accounting quality. The accounting regulators’ efforts to increase earnings quality by reducing the managerial discretion may cause unintended consequence of the increasing real activities earnings management.