Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Illuminating Economic Development in Indigenous Communities

There are over 1,000 First Nations and Inuit communities in Canada. However, the most comprehensive public data source on economic activity, the Community Well-Being (CWB) database, only includes consistent data for 357 of these communities every ﬁve years between 1991 and 2011. We propose an alternative measure of economic well-being that is available annually since 1992 for all First Nations, Inuit, and non-Indigenous communities in Canada: nighttime light density from satellites. Nighttime light data have been used by development economists to measure economic activity elsewhere and have been shown to be a ﬂexible alternative to traditional measures of economic activity. We ﬁnd that nighttime light density is a useful proxy for per capita income in the Canadian context and provide evidence of sample selection issues with the pre-existing indicators of well-being in First Nations and Inuit communities. We suggest that using nighttime light density overcomes the biased selection of communities into the CWB samples and thus may present a more complete picture of economic activity in Canada.
Innovation, Credit Constraints and National Banking Systems: A comparison of developing nations

In that paper, we seek to extend exiting micro-level studies on the financing decisions of enterprises in developing countries by explicitly connecting these decisions to firms’ innovation outcomes and to the wider institutional framework formed by the national banking system. Indeed, the national banking system is recognized as being central to the ability of developing-country firms to acquire the resources and develop the capabilities needed for innovation. We investigate the links between innovation and financial system characteristics for a sample of 36 developing nations spread across 5 regions of the world: Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, East Asia and Pacific, South Asia and Central Asia. Our results show that credit constraints have a significant negative impact on innovation and that the characteristics of the national banking system indirectly affect innovation through their impact on the likelihood that firms face these financing constraints.
Low-Latency Analytics on Colossal Data Streams with SummaryStore

SummaryStore is an approximate time-series store, designed for analytics, capable of storing large volumes of time-series data (~1 petabyte) on a single node; it preserves high degrees of query accuracy and enables near real-time querying at unprecedented cost savings. SummaryStore contributes time-decayed summaries, a novel abstraction for summarizing data streams, along with an ingest algorithm to continually merge the summaries for efficient range queries; in conjunction, it returns reliable error estimates alongside the approximate answers, supporting a range of machine learning and analytical workloads. We successfully evaluated SummaryStore using real-world applications for forecasting, outlier detection, and Internet traffic monitoring; it can summarize aggressively with low median errors, 0.1 to 10%, for different workloads. Under range-query microbenchmarks, it stored 1PB synthetic stream data (10241TB streams), on a single node, using roughly 10 TB (100x compaction) with 95%-ile error below 5% and median cold-cache query latency of 1.3s (worst case latency under 70s).
An analysis of radiation dose reduction in paediatric interventional cardiology by altering frame rate and use of the anti-scatter grid

The purpose of this work is to investigate removal of the anti-scatter grid and alteration of the frame rate in paediatric interventional cardiology (IC) and assess the impact on radiation dose and image quality. Phantom based experimental studies were performed in a dedicated cardiac catheterisation suite to investigate variations in radiation dose and image quality, with various changes in imaging parameters. Phantom based experimental studies employing these variations in technique identified that radiation dose reductions of 28%–49% can be made to the patient with minimal loss of image quality in smaller sized patients. At present, there is no standard technique for carrying out paediatric IC in the UK or Ireland, resulting in the potential for a wide variation in radiation dose. Dose reductions to patients can be achieved with slight alterations to the imaging equipment with minimal compromise to the image quality. These simple modifications can be easily implemented in clinical practice in IC centres.
Metrics Dashboard Services: A Framework for Analyzing Free/Open Source Team Repositories

x CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 Broader Context . 3 Related Work . 4 CHAPTER 2: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 8 Metrics Dashboard Functionality . 8 Longitudinal metrics and sampling . 8 Module size computation . 9 Supported metrics . 11 Metrics Dashboard . 17 Architetural overview . 17 Analysing sample visualisations . 20 CHAPTER 3: CONCLUSION 30 Evaluation . 30 LIST OF REFERENCES 33
The neurocognitive impact of Fabry disease on pediatric patients

Fabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder that results in progressive multisystemic organ complications. Several studies have examined neurocognitive impairments in adults; however, there is a paucity of research examining neurocognitive functioning in children with FD. This is the first exploratory study to examine the neurocognitive functioning of pediatric patients with FD and to evaluate the effects of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on neurocognitive functioning within this population. Families attending a national conference with at least one child with FD and one parent affected by FD comprised the sample (n = 48; 24 pediatric patients, 24 parents). Pediatric participants (10 males, 14 females) between the ages of 6 and 18 years and their parent(s) were involved in the study. Data from a demographic questionnaire and two neurocognitive self‐report and parent‐report measures were analyzed. Parent reports of neurocognitive functioning were also compared to a sample of children with and without head injury and to a sample of children who had undergone liver transplant (LT). Children with FD had poorer cognitive and executive functioning than healthy peers, and were comparable to children with head injury and LT. In addition, children using ERT had higher scores on measures of overall cognitive functioning, as well as fewer problems with attention/working memory and executive functioning. Results of this study suggest that children with FD may exhibit poorer cognitive and executive functioning relative to healthy peers. The use of ERT may mitigate the negative impact of FD on neurocognitive functioning in pediatric patients. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced expressions of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase and elevation of reduced glutathione level in cyclophosphamide-resistant human leukemia cells.

Elevation of activity and mRNA level of a cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1), which oxidizes aldophosphamide, was previously observed in a cyclophosphamide-resistant murine leukemia cell line. However, changes in other enzyme(s) which may detoxify the drug or produce anti-alkylating agent(s), have not been examined. The human leukemia cell line, K562, was made 30-fold resistant against 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4HC) by exposing the cells to increasing concentrations of the drug. Resistance against cisplatin was also increased by about 3-fold. Activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and ALDH1 were elevated more than 7-fold in the resistant cells. The mRNA level of the two enzymes was also proportionally elevated. The concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) was higher in the resistant cells (i.e., 21.1 versus 4.68 nmole per 10(6) cells), while activities of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase, and the expressions of other human ALDH genes were not increased in the resistant cells. These findings suggest that the acquired resistance against 4HC is a consequence of transcriptional activation of two genes, i.e., one encoding the G6PD, a major enzyme regenerating anti-alkylating GSH, and the other encoding ALDH1, which has a high activity for oxidation of aldophosphamide derived from 4HC.
A new species of Gauthieromyces and range extensions for other Harpellales to India

One species of each of five genera of Harpellales—Gauthieromyces, Harpella, Legeriomyces, Stachylina and Zygopolaris—are reported for the first time from India. Gauthieromyces indicus is described from the hindguts of Baetis sp. nymphs. The new species is distinguished from the only other species, G. microsporus Lichtw. , by having a greater number of and smaller generative cells per fertile branchlet with smaller trichospores that bear fine, entangled appendages. Occurrence of these fungi in India supports the observation that some genera and species of Trichomycetes are widespread but with apparent disjunct distributions.
CHRONIC DIARRHEA: AN UNUSUAL SYMPTOM OF GASTROINTESTINAL TUBERCULOSIS

Diarrhea is an uncommon symptom in TB, but can occur in about up to 29% [4,11]. At a case series by Zamora, et al. (2011) in the Philippines, only about 7% presented with diarrhea (a). This symptom, especially if chronic, may be observed in patients with intestinal tuberculosis demonstrating mucosal ulceration [1]. One study done by Ridaura-Sanz, et al. (2012) however conversely demonstrated that diarrhea was observed in 76% of patients. In this study, ulceration was observed in 82% of patients with intestinal TB [10]. Abstract ----------------------------------------------------Tuberculosis can affect practically any organ, as well as any segment of the gastrointestinal tract. The usual symptoms of gastrointestinal tuberculosis are colicky abdominal pain, weight loss and low grade fever. Chronic diarrhea is an uncommon symptom, but this may occur in the ulcerative type of intestinal TB. This article is intended to review the various imaging findings of gastrointestinal TB.
Effect of the sex ratio on the egg fertility of Muscovy duck (Cairina moshcata)

Study was carried out for establishing the optimal sex ratio in Muscovy duck breeding. Four variants of the ratio of the male to the female individuals were tested: 1:5(I), 1:6(II), 1:7(III) and 1:8(IV). In the frames of each sex ratio (variant), two subgroups (sub-variants) were formed with the aim of establishing the effect of the hierarchy relations among the drakes on egg fertility: with one male in a group (A) and with more than one male in a group (B). The highest egg fertility – 97.09 % was achieved at 1:5 sex ratio (with more than one drake in a group) and the lowest – 93.41 % at 1:8 sex ratio (with a single male in a group). Signifi cant decrease in egg fertility was registered when increasing the sex ratio to 1:8, that effect being displayed more weakly at more than one male in the group. When increasing the ratio, the presence of more than one drake in the family group exerted a positive infl uence on egg fertility, due to the preference of the males to certain females and the distribution of the rest of the females among the drakes placed in the hierarchy below the “alpha”, depending on their grade in the hierarchy order. The most appropriate sex ratio for Muscovy duck species was 1:5, and, when there was shortage of the male reproduction material, 1:6 ratio was also acceptable, especially if more than one drakes were placed in the family group (effect of supporting the alpha).
Intervention Effects on College Performance and Retention as Mediated by Motivational, Emotional, and Social Control Factors: Integrated Meta-Analytic Path Analyses

Using both organizational and educational perspectives, the authors proposed and tested theoretical models on the mediating roles that psychosocial factors (PSFs; motivational, emotional, and social control factors) play between college interventions (academic skill, self-management, socialization, and First-Year-Experience interventions) and college outcomes (academic performance and retention). They first determined through meta-analysis of 404 data points the effects of college interventions on college outcomes and on PSFs. These meta-analytic findings were then combined with results from S. B. Robbins et al.'s (2004) meta-analysis to test the proposed models. Integrated meta-analytic path analyses showed the direct and indirect effects (via PSFs) of intervention strategies on both performance and retention outcomes. The authors highlight the importance of both academic skill and self-management-based interventions; they also note the salience of motivational and emotional control mediators across both performance and retention outcomes. Implications from organizational and educational perspectives, limitations, and future directions are addressed.
How computational models contribute to our understanding of the germ line

Computational models are an invaluable tool in modern biology. They provide a framework within which to summarize existing knowledge, enable competing hypotheses to be compared qualitatively and quantitatively, and to facilitate the interpretation of complex data. Moreover, models allow questions to be investigated that are difficult to approach experimentally. Theories can be tested in context, identifying the gaps in our understanding and potentially leading to new hypotheses. Models can be developed on a variety of scales and with different levels of mechanistic detail, depending on the available data, the biological questions of interest, and the available mathematical and computational tools. The goal of this review is to provide a broad picture of how modeling has been applied to reproductive biology. Specifically, we look at four uses of modeling: (i) comparing hypotheses; (ii) interpreting data; (iii) exploring experimentally challenging questions; and (iv) hypothesis evaluation and generation. We present examples of each of these applications in reproductive biology, drawing from a range of organisms—including Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, and humans. We aim to describe the data and techniques used to construct each model, and to highlight the benefits of modeling to the field, as complementary to experimental work. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 944–957, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Language learner strategies

Language Learner Strategies, an edited volume born from a series of meetings at the International Association of Applied Linguistics Congress in the early 2000s, provides a comprehensive overview into the past, present, and proposed future of the field of language learner strategies (LLS). Principally written for language or education researchers, this book is concerned with the strategies learners employ in the process of second language (L2) acquisition and performance in the second or foreign language classroom. The editors, Andrew D. Cohen and Ernesto Macaro, propose that the volume serve as a coherent auto-critique and theoretical synthesis of LLS research to date, with the goal of improving opportunities for all language learners through further research into LLS.
What Happens Online Stays Online? Segment-Specific Online and Offline Effects of Banner Advertisements

Many firms are allocating increasing parts of their advertising budgets to banner advertising. Yet, for firms that predominantly sell offline, existing research provides little guidance on online advertising decisions. In this study, the authors analyze the impact of banner advertising on consumers’ online and offline behavior across multiple distinct campaigns for one focal firm, which predominantly sells through the offline channel. Results suggest that banner and TV advertising increase website visit incidence for consumers who have not visited the focal firm's website in the previous four weeks (nonrecent online consumers). For these consumers, banner and TV advertisements indirectly increase offline sales through website visits. For consumers who have visited the firm's website in the previous four weeks (recent online consumers), the authors find evidence for a cross-campaign, brand-building effect of banner advertising, and TV ads also directly affect offline purchases. Overall, the findings indicate that for firms that predominantly (or even exclusively) sell offline, banner advertising is most suitable to generate awareness for a firm's new products among nonrecent online consumers, and to build their brand(s) among recent online consumers.
A Pilot Study Using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) Devices and Surveys to Ascertain Older Adults’ Travel Patterns

Some studies indicate that older adults lead active lives and travel to many destinations including those not in their immediate residential neighborhoods. We used global positioning system (GPS) devices to track the travel patterns of 40 older adults (mean age: 69) in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Study participants wore the GPS devices for 7 days in fall 2010 and winter 2011. We collected survey responses concurrently about travel patterns. GPS data showed a mean of four trips/day, and a mean trip distance of 7.6 km. Survey data indicated that older adults commonly made trips for four activities (e.g., volunteering, work, visiting friends) at least once each week. Older adults regularly travel outside their residential neighborhoods. GPS can document the mode of travel, the path of travel, and the destinations. Surveys can document the purpose of the travel and the impressions or experiences in the specific locations.
On the use of error correcting and detecting codes in secured circuits

When designing circuits for security-related applications, the robustness depends on its capability to globally resist to various types of attacks, based either on the observation of the device (e.g. differential power analysis) or its perturbation (e.g. injecting faults with a laser). To deal with perturbations, two strategies are developed: detecting the attack or maintaining the proper functioning of the device. This paper discusses characteristics of these two types of approaches when using information redundancy.
Leveraging medium-sized sport events to attract club participants

Purpose Sport participation is the lifeblood of community sport clubs. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how sport clubs can leverage participation from local, medium-sized, elite sport events. Design/methodology/approach This study used an action research approach where researchers, along with representative stakeholders from two elite tennis tournaments and 23 local tennis organizations, collaborated to develop and implement a series of interventions as part of a wider leveraging plan. The interventions were developed and evaluated in one cycle of action research that incorporated predominantly qualitative research methods. Findings The interventions stimulated the interest of event spectators by offering a free tennis lesson at a participating club. However, the conversion from interest to club participation was limited. Practical implications Key recommendations for clubs to leverage participation from a medium-sized event include: a leveraging plan should consider the resources and capacity of local community sport clubs; clubs should act collectively and collaboratively; and clubs should have a strong physical presence at the event(s). Originality/value Regional sports organizations can utilize existing collaborative networks to enable community clubs to design and implement event-leveraging initiatives. This study also highlights the limited capacity of community sport clubs to leverage participation outcomes from medium-sized annual events. The use of collaborative networks may ameliorate the organizational capacity deficiencies of clubs.
Shock Transmission through Cross-Border Bank Lending: Credit and Real Effects

We study the transmission of financial shocks across borders through international bank connections. Using data on cross-border interbank loans among 6,000 banks during 1997–2012, we estimate the effect of asset-side exposures to banks in countries experiencing systemic banking crises on profitability, credit, and the performance of borrower firms. Crisis exposures reduce bank returns and tighten credit conditions for borrowers, constraining investment and growth. The effects are larger for foreign borrowers, including in countries not experiencing banking crises. Our results document the extent of cross-border crisis transmission, but also highlight the resilience of financial networks to idiosyncratic shocks.
The Determinants of Income of Cottage, Micro and Small Scale Enterprises in Jigawa State, Nigeria

This paper investigates the determinants of income of cottage, micro and small scale enterprises (CMSSES) in Jigawa State of Nigeria. The research used primary data collected from 300 enterprises drawn from three locations base on stratified random sampling technique. To analysed the data, we used multivariate regression model. The result shows positive relationship between income of the enterprises and education, experience, government support, gender and finance. The policy implication of the study is that policy makers should continue to formulate policies that will support CMSSES financially in Jigawa State and the country at large.
Hydrogen peroxide‐dependent antibacterial action of Melilotus albus honey

Honey originating from different floral sources exhibits the broad spectrum of antibacterial activity as a result of the presence of hydrogen peroxide as well as nonperoxide bioactive compounds. The mechanisms of antibacterial activity of Polish melilot honey were investigated for the first time. Polish melilot honey samples (Melilotus albus biennial = 3 and annual = 5, Melilotus officinalis = 1) were collected directly from beekeepers and analysed for pollen profile, basic physicochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, radical scavenging activity, total phenolic contents as well as antibacterial properties against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp. The physicochemical properties of melilot honey were specific for light‐coloured unifloral honey samples and were not dependent on its botanical and geographical origin (P > 0·05). All tested honey samples exhibited inhibitory activity (above 90%) against Gram‐positive bacteria at the concentration of 12·5–25%. Above 30–50% of antibacterial activity of melilot honey was connected with glucose oxidase enzyme action and was destroyed in the presence of catalase. Hydrogen peroxide‐dependent antibacterial activity of honey was inversely correlated with its radical scavenging activity (r = −0·67) and phenolic compounds (r = −0·61). Antibacterial action of melilot honey depends not only on hydrogen peroxide produced by glucose oxidase, but also on other nonperoxide bioactive components of honey.
Drivers of emerging market cross border mergers and acquisitions: evidence from the Indian IT industry

Abstract The present study examines the drivers of cross border mergers and acquisitions (CBMA) from the Indian information technology sector for the period 2000–2011. It uses a multi-theoretic analysis rooted in the resource-based view and network theory to examine 354 deals from 74 firms. Empirical estimation using a Poisson panel regression model found that a firm’s financial resources, capability, prior international experience and parental network have a significant positive influence on CBMA activity. A unique finding of the paper is the strong presence of the Born Global engaging in CBMA as their mode of foreign market entry. This paper thus adds to the literature on internationalisation of emerging market multinational enterprises and specifically about technology-based Indian firms.