Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fracture and Weakening of Jammed Subduction Shear Zones, Leading to the Generation of Slow Slip Events

Geodetic data have revealed that parts of subduction interfaces creep steadily or transiently. Transient slow slip events (SSEs) are typically interpreted as aseismic frictional sliding. However, SSEs may also occur via mixed viscobrittle deformation, as observed in shear zones containing mixtures (mélange) of strong fractured clasts embedded in a weak viscobrittle matrix. We test the hypothesis that creep in a subduction mélange occurs through distributed matrix deformation, where flow is intermittently impeded by load‐bearing clast networks (jamming). Our numerical models demonstrate that bulk mélange rheology can be dominated by the strong clasts in the absence of fracturing, while at high driving stresses or low frictional strength, clast fracturing redistributes deformation into the matrix, leading to high bulk strain rates. Because mélange stress is heterogeneous, fracturing of clasts occurs throughout jammed mélange when the driving stresses are only ∼20% of the clast yield strength. The effective rheology of jammed mélange can be characterized by a logarithmic dependence of stress on strain rate, which is used to explore strain rate transients caused by temporal variation in clast friction. Clasts must weaken significantly (∼75%) in order to increase strain rate by 8 times. Spring‐block slider models with a more idealized viscobrittle rheology also demonstrate that strain rate transients can be generated when rate‐and‐state friction is incorporated. We outline a model where high bulk strain rates are generated when pervasive fracturing occurs, but further slip is limited by viscous processes. Incorporating such viscous damping into models may widen the conditions under which SSEs can occur while preventing development of seismic slip.
On the Futility of Dynamics in Robust Mechanism Design

We consider a principal who repeatedly interacts with a strategic agent holding private information. In each round, the agent observes an idiosyncratic shock drawn independently and identically from a distribution known to the agent but not to the principal. The utilities of the principal and the agent are determined by the values of the shock and outcomes that are chosen by the principal based on reports made by the agent. When the principal commits to a dynamic mechanism, the agent best-responds to maximize his aggregate utility over the whole time horizon. The principal’s goal is to design a dynamic mechanism to minimize his worst-case regret, that is, the largest difference possible between the aggregate utility he could obtain if he knew the agent’s distribution and the actual aggregate utility he obtains. We identify a broad class of games in which the principal’s optimal mechanism is static without any meaningful dynamics. The optimal dynamic mechanism, if it exists, simply repeats an optimal mechanism for a single-round problem in each round. The minimax regret is the number of rounds times the minimax regret in the single-round problem. The class of games includes repeated selling of identical copies of a single good or multiple goods, repeated principal-agent relationships with hidden information, and repeated allocation of a resource without money. Outside this class of games, we construct examples in which a dynamic mechanism provably outperforms any static mechanism.
Detecting fluid signals in seismicity data through statistical earthquake modeling

[1] According to the well-known Coulomb failure criterion the variation of either stress or pore pressure can result in earthquake rupture. Aftershock sequences characterized by the Omori law are often assumed to be the consequence of varying stress, whereas earthquake swarms are thought to be triggered by fluid intrusions. The role of stress triggering can be analyzed by modeling solely three-dimensional (3-D) elastic stress changes in the crust, but fluid flows which initiate seismicity cannot be investigated without considering complex seismicity patterns resulting from both pore pressure variations and earthquake-connected stress field changes. We show that the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model is an appropriate tool to extract the primary fluid signal from such complex seismicity patterns. We analyze a large earthquake swarm that occurred in 2000 in Vogtland/NW Bohemia, central Europe. By fitting the stochastic ETAS model, we find that stress triggering is dominant in creating the observed seismicity patterns and explains the observed fractal interevent time distribution. External forcing, identified with pore pressure changes due to fluid intrusion, is found to directly trigger only a few percent of the total activity. However, temporal deconvolution indicates that a pronounced fluid signal initiated the swarm. These results are confirmed by our analogous investigation of model simulations in which earthquakes are triggered by fluid intrusion as well as stress transfers on a fault plane embedded in a 3-D elastic half-space. The deconvolution procedure based on the ETAS model is able to reveal the underlying pore pressure variations.
The $u^n$-invariant and the Symbol Length of $H_2^n(F)$

Given a field $F$ of $\operatorname{char}(F)=2$, we define $u^n(F)$ to be the maximal dimension of an anisotropic form in $I_q^n F$. For $n=1$ it recaptures the definition of $u(F)$. We study the relations between this value and the symbol length of $H_2^n(F)$, denoted by $sl_2^n(F)$. We show for any $n \geq 2$ that if $2^n \leq u^n(F) \leq u^2(F) < \infty$ then $sl_2^n(F) \leq \prod_{i=2}^n (\frac{u^i(F)}{2}+1-2^{i-1})$. As a result, if $u(F)$ is finite then $sl_2^n(F)$ is finite for any $n$, a fact which was previously proven when $\operatorname{char}(F) \neq 2$ by Saltman and Krashen. We also show that if $sl_2^n(F)=1$ then $u^n(F)$ is either $2^n$ or $2^{n+1}$.
DMSO_A_223514 2157..2163

Junhao Huang Qinhao Lai Dan Wang Honggang Yin Jingwen Liao Shen Wang Fengpeng Xu Xiaohui Hou Min Hu 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of exercise with dietary restriction on arterial stiffness, central hemodynamics, and cardiac autonomic function in obese adolescents. Patients and methods: Twenty-one obese adolescents completed a 6-week exercise and dietary program. Body composition and metabolic parameters were measured. Carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were used to assess central and systemic arterial stiffness, respectively. Using applanation tonometry, the analyses of central hemodynamic parameters [central blood pressure, heart rate (HR), augmentation index normalized at 75 bpm (AIx75), and subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR)] were performed. To determine cardiac autonomic function, heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by standard deviation of normal R–R intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive R–R interval differences (RMSSD), percentage of successive R–R intervals that differed by >50 ms (pNN50), total power (TP), low-frequency (LF) and highfrequency (HF) power, and LF/HF ratio. Results: Following the intervention, obese adolescents had reductions in body mass index, body fat percentage, brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and HR; and they had shown improvements in lipid profiles. There were reductions in both cfPWV and baPWV following the intervention. Moreover, there were reductions in AIx75, aortic systolic and diastolic blood pressure and an augmentation in SEVR after intervention. The intervention increased cardiac autonomic function (determined by increased SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, HF, and reduced LF/HF). Furthermore, we observed a correlation between increased cardiac autonomic function (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50 and HF) and increased central hemodynamics, as measured by SEVR and AIx75. Conclusion: Obese adolescents had increased central hemodynamics and autonomic function with reduced arterial stiffness after exercise and dietary restriction. Moreover, a positive correlation between an enhancement of cardiac autonomic function and an augmentation in central hemodynamics was found after the intervention.
Removing Imaging Artifacts in Electron Microscopy using an Asymmetrically Cyclic Adversarial Network without Paired Training Data

We propose an asymmetrically cyclic adversarial network that performs denoising tasks to improve electron microscopy (EM) image analysis. Deep learning-based denoising methods have typically been trained either with matching pairs of noise-free and noise-corrupted images or by leveraging prior knowledge of noise distributions. Neither of these options is feasible in high-throughput EM imaging pipelines. Our proposed denoising method employs independently acquired noise-free, noise pattern, and noise-corrupted images to automatically learn the underlying noise model and generate denoised outputs. This method is based on three-way cyclic constraints with adversarial training of a deep network to improve the quality of acquired images without paired training data. Its utility is demonstrated for cases where imaging substrates add noise and where acquisition conditions contribute noise. We show that our method, which builds on the concept of CycleGAN, outperforms the current state-of-the-art denoising approaches Noise2Noise and Noise2Void, as well as other learning-based techniques.
Diagnostic sources of information on sports result determinants in young powerlifting athletes.

Purpose. Sports results in powerlifting have been extensively studied, but there is no analysis of the diagnostic sources of criteria for selecting 19–20-year-old athletes. Therefore, it is important to continue the study of factors affecting performance in powerlifting, not only in individual events, but also in the entire discipline. There were two research objectives in the study: firstly, to identify a set of independent (predictor) variables contributing to sports results (outcome variable) in powerlifting using the least numbers of those variables, and secondly, to develop a biometric regression model describing the sports result. Methods. The study group (n = 30) comprised juniors (aged 19.4 ± 0.7) training powerlifting. The following methods of collecting information were used: observation, survey, and analytical methods of diagnostics: analysis of multiple regression functions, and selection of optimal variables with the use of Hellwig’s algorithm. Results. The optimal set of variables predicting sports results in junior powerlifting consists of nine features. The integral capacity of the selected information sources reached the value of 0.891. Conclusions. It was confirmed that body composition, special physical fitness, and the technique of movement would constitute the optimum combination of explanatory variables of the model. These characteristics have the highest value as diagnostic and selection criteria and should not be overlooked.
Integrating Spray Plane-Based Remote Sensing and Rapid Image Processing with Variable-Rate Aerial Application

A remote sensing and variable rate application system was configured for agricultural aircraft. This combination system has the potential of providing a completely integrated solution for all aspects of aerial site-specific application and includes remote sensing, image processing and georegistration, prescription generation, and variable-rate application. A missing link has been the ability to rapidly process and georeference images obtained during flight for creation of field prescriptions that can be applied on the next pass of the airplane. Success using the remote sensing system for detection of weeds is described, and evaluation of a variable-rate system indicated fast response to changing flowrates and accurate placement of material in preliminary testing. Evaluation of a scheme for rapid image processing showed that georegistration error could be reduced by accounting for systematic GPS error and improving synchronization of GPS position data with images.
Protein quality and antinutritional factors of wild legume seeds from the Sonoran Desert

Seeds from seven species of legume trees of the Sonoran Desert were studied to determine their potential value as a nonconventional food and/or as a feed source. Seed proximal composition and protein quality were evaluated by conventional methodology. Defatted flours from Acacia farnesiana, Cercidium microphyllium, Cercidium sonorae, Mimosa grahamii, Olneya tesota, Parkinsonia aculeata, and Prosopis juliflora have protein contents that ranged from 20 to 30%. These proteins were deficient in sulfur amino acids but high in lysine and phenylalanine content. Except for M. grahamii seeds, trypsin inhibitors were relatively high in all species and varied from 50 to 70 TIU/g. Other antinutritional factors as lectins, alkaloids, saponins, and phenols were detected in all but Mimosa seeds. Protein in vitro digestibility was found to be 77−84%, and these values increased (5−10%) after a thermic treatment. The calculated C-PER values were found to be 1.8−2.1%. From the seeds of the seven species evaluated, M. graham.
Outcomes of clinical pharmacist ’ s interventions in solving drug-related problems in geriatric patients of rural teaching hospital

This study was performed to assess outcomes of clinical pharmacist’s interventions in solving drugrelated problems in geriatric patients in the Medicine ward of Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, during one year from January 2013 to January 2014. Demographic analyses of this prospective study revealed that out of 520 patients, 342 (65.76%) were males and 178 (34.23%) were females. The maximum patients were in the age group of 60-64 (38.84%) range lead to a significant increase in the number of medications. The most common diseases associated systems were cardiovascular system 147 (28.26%) patients. 93% of geriatric patients belong to rural area and only 6.34% geriatric patients belong to urban area (town). Most of the geriatric patients (95%) were illiterate. 93.84% of geriatric patients were married and 5.19% were widower. Only 0.38% of geriatric patients were never married. The study reveals that 56.53% of geriatric patients were prescribed 6-8 drugs for their treatment of diseases followed by 9-12 drugs (23.84%), ≤ 5 drugs (11.73%) and >12 drugs (7.88%). PCNE v 6.2 DRP system classification tool was used in this study to find out the Causes of DRP, pharmacist intervention in solving DRP and Outcomes of intervention. The drug selection is the most frequently identified cause for DRPs. Poly pharmacy and the hospital stay are significantly associated with various DRPs. More interventions were provided to the patient level, compare with prescriber level. Patient medication counseling is the most intervention in the study. Interventions proposed by a clinical pharmacist to tackle or avert medication related issues are to a huge degree acknowledged and endorsed by the prescribers. Most of the interventions are of high clinical importance. Outcomes of interventions indicate that almost 87.45% of problems are totally solved, by pharmacist’s interventions in this study; it is expanding proof that support and intercession of clinical pharmacists in geriatric health care have a positive influence on clinical outcomes.
Directors ’ and Officers ’ Liability Insurance , Independent Director Behavior and Governance Effects

We examine the effect of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (D&O insurance) on the behavior of independent directors and the effectiveness of their governance role. Using director-level data on board meeting attendance and opinions of a sample of Chinese companies, we document a negative relation between D&O insurance and personal meeting attendance by independent directors and a positive relation between D&O insurance and meeting attendance by authorized representatives. The net effect on board meeting participation is negative as insured independent directors tend to experience greater attendance problem than their uninsured peers. We also find that D&O insurance reduces the willingness of independent directors to confront controlling shareholders and management in the face of heightened agency conflicts by issuing a dissenting opinion. Moreover, we find that D&O insurance reduces the effectiveness of independent director monitoring as manifested in a lower power to curb controlling shareholder expropriation and to improve future firm performance, a lower executive pay-for-performance sensitivity, and a lower CEO performance-turnover sensitivity. Finally, we document a negative stock market reaction to the announcement of D&O insurance purchase. Overall, our findings suggest that D&O insurance introduces unintended moral hazard into the boardroom and encourages independent directors to behave less responsibly. Our paper provides new evidence for the debate of the governance effect of D&O insurance, provides new insights into the incentives and behavior of independent directors, and highlights the role of personal legal liability in disciplining the board.
Use of stable isotope ratios to characterize potential shifts in the isotopic niches of grazing insects following an amphibian decline in a Neotropical stream

Abstract: Neotropical streams are losing dominant consumer groups as a result of disease-driven amphibian declines. The herbivorous tadpoles of Lithobates warszewitschii were once abundant in the Rio Maria in the Eastern Cordillera Central of Panama, where they consumed algae and organic matter. The decline of this once abundant grazer has the potential to affect the resources consumed by insect grazers in this system. Stable isotopes were used to characterize changes in the resource use before and after amphibian declines of four abundant insect grazer taxa: Stenonema spp. , Thraulodes spp. , Psephenus spp. and Petrophila spp. We collected 11 isotope samples of L. warszewitschii and 27 isotope samples of these insect taxa in 2006, and then 24 more isotope samples of the same insect taxa in 2008, 20 mo. after a disease-driven amphibian extirpation. We also tested for potential functional redundancy of insects with tadpoles by comparing the post-decline isotopic niche of each insect taxon to the isotopic niche of L. warszewitschii. The isotopic niche of Psephenus spp. , Petrophila spp. and Stenonema spp. shifted from 2006 to 2008, but none of the insect taxa in 2008 occupied the same isotopic niche as tadpoles. Our study builds on previous evidence that the ecological roles of tadpoles were not replaced through functional redundancy after amphibian declines.
Eigenvalues homogenization for the fractional p-laplacian

Fil: Salort, Ariel Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Matematicas "Luis A. Santalo". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Matematicas "Luis A. Santalo"; Argentina
Cross-country differences in personality and the foreign bias in international equity portfolios

In this study, we investigate whether cross-country variation in investors’ mean openness to experience – one of the traits of the Five-Factor Model of personality – has an effect on the level of foreign bias present in international equity portfolios. Building on extant research showing a strong relationship between openness to experience and the attitude towards other cultures and risk, we argue that this personality trait is a construct that aggregates aspects of the psyche that influence the propensity to invest abroad. We find support for this hypothesis, showing that the more ‘open’ the country, the smaller the underrepresentation of foreign assets in its equity portfolio. Our analysis reveals that the impact of openness to experience is the most pronounced while making investments in countries with a weak information environment, or those that culturally or economically differ from the country the investor comes from, and suggests that international asset allocation is to some extent affected by psychological biases.
Board 77: Visual Representations Guide Students’ Use of Conceptual Knowledge and Problem-solving Strategies

are in how visual representations help or hinder student learning and how the structure of outreach activities impact under-represented students’ and belonging in engineering. He courtesy appointment as a research assistant the Department of Curriculum & He his Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as a Mavis Future Faculty Fellow and conducted postdoctoral research with Ruth Streveler in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University. His research interests include creating systems for sustainable improvement in engineering education, conceptual change and development in engineering students, and change in faculty beliefs about teaching and learning. He serves as the Publications Chair for the ASEE Educational Research and Methods Division.
Towards SLAM-Based Outdoor Localization using Poor GPS and 2.5D Building Models

In this paper, we address the topic of outdoor localization and tracking using monocular camera setups with poor GPS priors. We leverage 2.5D building maps, which are freely available from open-source databases such as OpenStreetMap. The main contributions of our work are a fast initialization method and a non-linear optimization scheme. The initialization upgrades a visual SLAM reconstruction with an absolute scale. The non-linear optimization uses the 2.5D building model footprint, which further improves the tracking accuracy and the scale estimation. A pose optimization step relates the vision-based camera pose estimation from SLAM to the position information received through GPS, in order to fix the common problem of drift. We evaluate our approach on a set of challenging scenarios. The experimental results show that our approach achieves improved accuracy and robustness with an advantage in run-time over previous setups.