Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Bilingual Text: History and Theory of Literary Self-Translation

Introduction: Aims and Terms Part 1. Vulgar Tongues Medieval and Renaissance Conditions (1100-1600) A. Changing Concepts of Language and Translation B. Between Antiqui and Moderni: Medieval Bilingual Cultural Centres C. Romancing Latin: Renaissance Vernaculars D. Self-Translators (1) Coin of the Realm: Nicole Oresme (2) Vernacular Doubles and Literary Subjectivity: Charles d'Orleans (3) The Translative Politics of the Florilegian Self: Remy Belleau Part 2. The Widening Compass of the Vernaculars Early Modern Conditions (1600-1800) A. Changing Concepts of Language and Translation B. A Modern Lingua Franca and the Robes of Thought C. Encountering the Languages of the Americas D. Self-Translators (1) Satiric Voices in Bilinguality: John Donne (2) Naming the Nun of New Spain: Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz (3) Theatres of Translation: Carlo Goldoni Part 3. Facing Language Romantic, Modern, and Contemporary Conditions (1800-2000) A. Changing Concepts of Language and Translation B. Interfacing Concepts of Translation and Subjectivity C. Language and Literature in Modernity D. Self-Translators (1) Modelling Modernity: Rabindranath Tagore, Stefan George, Giuseppe Ungaretti (2) Euro-American Inventio: Vladimir Nabokov (3) Trans-Atlantic Tonalities: Julian Green (4) Transposing Cultures: Samuel Beckett (5) Caribbean Crossways: Rosario Ferre
Pengukuran Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Fisika Peserta Didik SMA di DIY

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen pengukur kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi fisika (PhysTHOTS) peserta didik kelas XI SMA dan mengukur kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi fisika peserta didik kelas XI SMA di DIY. Penelitian ini melalui tiga tahapan, yakni: pengembangan awal instrumen, uji coba, dan pengukuran. Tahap pengembangan awal instrumen meliputi penyusunan, telaah dan validasi: kisi-kisi instrumen, butir-butir, dan pedoman penilaian. Validasi dilakukan oleh promotor, ahli pengukuran, ahli fisika, ahli pendidikan fisika, dan praktisi. Instrumen yang terdiri atas dua perangkat yang telah divalidasi diujicobakan pada 1.001 peserta didik. Pelaksanaan pengukuran menggunakan instrumen yang terdiri atas dua perangkat tes yang masing-masing memiliki 26 butir termasuk delapan anchor item pada 1.566 peserta didik. Hasil pengukuran berupa data politomus empat kategori dianalisis mengikuti Partial Credit Model (PCM) menggunakan program QUEST dan Parscale. Program QUEST untuk menguji kecocokan model dan tingkat kesulitan, sedangkan Parscale untuk mendapatkan ability, kurva karakteristik butir, fungsi informasi, dan SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap uji coba dan tahap pengukuran berdasarkan kriteria mean INFIT MNSQ 1,0 dan simpangan baku 0,0, terbukti tes fit dengan PCM. Berdasarkan kriteria batas terendah dan tertinggi INFIT MNSQ 0,77 dan 1,30 sebanyak 44 butir soal dari dua set tes semuanya fit dengan model. Reliabilitas tes tahap uji coba dan pengukuran tinggi, yakni 0,95 dan 0,97. Tingkat kesulitan butir-butir berada pada rentang -0,90 sampai 1,02 yang berarti butir dalam kategori baik karena nilainya di antara -2,0 dan 2,0. Rerata tingkat kesulitan butir aspek kemampuan menganalisis adalah -0,33, mengevaluasi -0,26, dan menciptakan adalah 0,51. Dengan demikian, instrumen PhysTHOTS memenuhi syarat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi fisika peserta didik kelas XI SMA. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi fisika terendah, tertinggi, rerata, dan simpangan baku berturut-turut adalah -4,48; 3,65; 0; dan 1. Sebagian besar kemampuan peserta didik pada level sedang sebanyak 61,11%, dan pada level tinggi serta sangat tinggi berturut-turut 20,75 %; dan 0,19 %. Jadi, kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi fisika belum memuaskan. Kemampuan menganalisis dominan pada kategori 2 dan 3, kemampuan mengevaluasi dominan pada kategori 2, dan kemampuan menciptakan dominan pada kategori 1.
Prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women using contraceptive methods

Introduction: The world health organization defines sexual health as a coordination and integration between mind, body and feelings which leads an individual towards personality improvement, relationship and love. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women referring health centers of Bandar Abbas in 2013 who used contraceptive methods. Method: In this descriptive study, 385 women aged between 16-45 years were included. A questionnaire was used for data collection. This questionnaire consisted of two sections; demographic data and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The questionnaire was equally distributed among all health centers. Data were entered SPSS v. 19 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and ANOVA. Results: There was no significant difference between contraceptive methods and questionnaire aspects. Significant associations were found between level of education and sexual function such as libido, orgasm, sexual satisfaction and age groups with libido, orgasm and vaginal lubrication. Conclusion: The participants of this study might have referred their sexual dysfunctions to other reasons other than contraception which needs further research. According to the results, it is suggested to increase couple knowledge using consultation and sex education and guide them into finding treatments for their sexual dysfunction.
Principles of Patellofemoral Rehabilitation

Patellofemoral disorders continue to present as some of the most common and challenging pathologic conditions of the orthopedic and sports medicine community. Numerous surgical and rehabilitative approaches have been suggested to treat patients with such conditions, but no single approach has been shown to be the most beneficial because of the numerous etiologic factors associated with patellofemoral pain. Rehabilitation programs should be implemented based on a thorough clinical evaluation and continuously modified based on the unique and specific presentation of each patient. Early emphasis is placed on eliminating pain and inflammation. In addition, reestablishing soft tissue and muscular balance is an essential component to patellofemoral rehabilitation programs. As the patient improves, the rehabilitation program is advanced in a progressive and sequential manner to ensure that adequate stress is applied to the injured tissues to facilitate healing while minimizing detrimental loads. This article outlines specific treatment principles commonly associated with nonoperative and postoperative patellofemoral management to restore function as quickly and safely as possible.
New insights on atrial fibrillation mechanisms through the analysisof structural and electrical features

Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of arrhythmia but its maintaining mechanisms remain elusive. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a non-pharmacological therapy that aims to restore sinus rhythm ablating tissue that facilitates atrial fibrillation perpetuation and is more effective than medications. Neverthless, rigorous monitoring after the ablation procedures showed atrial fibrillation recurrence in about 40\% to 60\% of cases for one procedure and in about 70\% of cases for three or more procedures. It is well known that the hallmarks of the structural changes during atrial fibrillation are the fibrosis tissue generation and left atrium dilatation. According to recent studies, the success rate of the ablation procedure depends on the atrial fibrotic tissue extent on the atrial wall. Other studies ascribe the ablation failure to left atrium enlargement occurring during the arrhythmia. A recent study showed the presence of electrical rotors whose ablation may improve the outocome of the ablation procedure. Other studies did not confirm these results. The aim of this thesis is to provide computational approaches to better investigate the existence of the electrical rotors and the role of the left atrium structural alterations as potential primary mechanisms sustaining atrial fibrillation. The thesis is composed by four chapters. The first chapter introduces the atrial fibrillation and describes in details the electrical rotor and the structural remodeling phenomena. The second chapter regards the structural characterization of the left atrium through the development of a fully-automated approach for 3D left atrium fibrosis patient specific model construction and left atrium volume estimation. The third chapter regards the electrical characterization of the left atrium throught the development of an independent approach for the rotor localization on 3D left atrium surface. Finally in the fourth chapter some conclusive remarks are presented with possible future developments of the presented work.
PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN UNDER 2 YEARS OLD AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH MOTHERS BACKGROUND VARIABLES IN GOLESTAN PROVINCE

Background&Objective: WHO estimated almost 27% of under 5 years children suffered from under-weight. This study aimed are assessing anthropometric indicators (underweight, wasting and stunting) in 0-24 months children at Golestan province and the relationship with the background variables of households. Materials&Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 1473 children (under 2 years old) whom resided in urban and rural area. Samplimg method was single stage cluster sampling. Constitutional variables in child’s mothers, age, educational level, job and child’s weight and height are measured by structured questionnair. The data were analysed with chi square, chi square for trend and logistic regression. Results: The under-weight, wasting and stunting (mild to severe) prevalence were 21.4% (CI 95%: 19.3-23.6), 16.5% (CI 95%: 14.7-18.5) and 31.4% (CI 95%: 29.1-33.8) respectively. Maximum sex diffrence in the malnutrition indicators were seen stunting (boys 14.3%, girls 7.2%) (p<0.05). The prevalence of under-weight, wasting and stunting are positively correlated with increasing the children’s age. The under-weight and stunting linear trend was significant (p<0.05). The risk of under-weight children were 2.8 fold in illitraced mothers relative to mothers with highschool diploma (CI 95% for adjusted odds ratio: 1.1-7). The risk was 1.5 fold in stunting (CI 95% for adjusted odds ratio: 0.5-4.3). Conclusion: The under-weight and wasting (moderate to severe) prevalence are increased relatively ANIS study (1998), but stunting prevalence are not increased. The mothers’ illitracy and very low educational level can be suspected risk factors for under-weight and stunting.
Fluid Cash and Discordant Households: Exploring perceptions of and attitudes towards saving for childbirth : A qualitative study in Pallisa district, Uganda

Background and Aim: Maternal mortality in Uganda is among the highest in the world despite improvements in access to skilled delivery and emergency obstetric services. This is impacted in part by financial barriers. This qualitative study explores men and women’s perceptions of and attitudes towards saving for childbirth and the related decision-making processes in rural eastern Uganda.Methods: Data was collected through six focus group discussions with community members, seven key informant interviews with members of the District Health Office and Commercial Office and observations. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Men and women utilise savings to cope with varying demands, often taking precedence over preparing for childbirth. A gender division in preferences and ability to save, underlined by poverty and illiteracy was identified. Partners operated in separate financial spheres, with ambiguous financial responsibilities. Responsibility for childbirth was negotiated through household decision-making, but ultimately male partners held control over resources. Open communication and understanding between partners was perceived as key to saving for childbirth. Male involvement was desired but complex and its best form undefined.Conclusion: Savings groups can act as a conduit for financial birth preparedness, but without increased co-operation within the household and an increased awareness of birth being a joint responsibility, money may be diverted to other priorities. Existing power structures must be recognised if male involvement is to be increased. A greater emphasis needs to be placed on improving communication between partners.
Étude des facteurs d'influence de l'écologie de Naegleria fowleri dans les biofilms

Dans l'objectif d'anticiper et de reduire la proliferation de l'amibe pathogene Naegleria fowleri dans les circuits de refroidissement de certaines centrales electriques, notre travail vise a mieux comprendre l'ecologie de cette amibe dans des environnements complexes tels que les biofilms d'eau douce recemment reconnus comme niche ecologique preferentielle des amibes libres. Des essais de laboratoire ont ete realises pour determiner l'impact des facteurs environnementaux naturels et anthropiques: temperature, nature du materiau support de la formation du biofilm, charge nutritionnelle et monochloramination sur le comportement et le devenir de Naegleria fowleri dans le biofilm. Ces travaux ont permis de demontrer que la survie, l'implantation, la croissance, le maintien et le declin de Naegleria fowleri dans les biofilms sont principalement gouvernes par la concomitance des facteurs temperature et ressource nutritive. Les autres facteurs: nature du materiau, desinfection a la monochloramine et competition amibienne, se presentent plutot comme des parametres de perturbation ou d'inhibition de cette dynamique. Par ailleurs, les resultats obtenus sur la colonisation du biofilm par les amibes confortent le role preponderant de cet habitat comme reservoir naturel des amibes libres et Naegleria fowleri
Position and Stiffness Control of Inflatable Robotic Links Using Rotary Pneumatic Actuation

Position and Stiffness Control of Inflatable Robotic Links Using Rotary Pneumatic Actuation Charles Mansel Best Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science Inflatable robots with pneumatic actuation are naturally lightweight and compliant. Both of these characteristics make a robot of this type better suited for human environments where unintentional impacts will occur. The dynamics of an inflatable robot are complex and dynamic models that explicitly allow variable stiffness control have not been well developed. In this thesis, a dynamic model was developed for an antagonistic, pneumatically actuated joint with inflatable links. The antagonistic nature of the joint allows for the control of two states, primarily joint position and stiffness. First a model was developed to describe the position states. The model was used with model predictive control (MPC) and linear quadratic control (LQR) to control a single degree of freedom platform to within 3◦ of a desired angle. Control was extended to multiple degrees of freedom for a pick and place task where the pick was successful ten out of ten times and the place was successful eight out of ten times. Based on a torque model for the joint which accounts for pressure states that was developed in collaboration with other members of the Robotics and Dynamics Lab at Brigham Young University, the model was extended to account for the joint stiffness. The model accounting for position, stiffness, and pressure states was fit to data collected from the actual joint and stiffness estimation was validated by stiffness measurements. Using the stiffness model, sliding mode control (SMC) and MPC methods were used to control both stiffness and position simultaneously. Using SMC, the joint stiffness was controlled to within 3 Nm/rad of a desired trajectory at steady state and the position was controlled to within 2◦ of a desired position trajectory at steady state. Using MPC,the joint stiffness was controlled to within 1 Nm/rad of a desired trajectory at steady state and the position was controlled to within 2◦ of a desired position trajectory at steady state. Stiffness control was extended to multiple degrees of freedom using MPC where each joint was treated as independent and uncoupled. Controlling stiffness reduced the end effecter deflection by 50% from an applied load when high stiffness (50 Nm/rad) was used rather than low stiffness (35 Nm/rad). This thesis gives a state space dynamic model for an inflatable, pneumatically actuated joint and shows that the model can be used for accurate and repeatable position and stiffness control with stiffness having a significant effect.
Recarving China’s Past: Art, Archaeology and Architecture of the "Wu Family Shrines"

The "Wu Family Shrines," one of the most important cultural monuments of early China, comprise approximately fifty stone slabs from the so-called Wu cemetery in Shandong province. Depicting emperors and kings, heroic women, filial sons, and mythological subjects, these famous carved and engraved reliefs may have been intended to reflect such basic themes as loyalty to the emperor, filial piety, and wifely devotion; centuries later, they vividly bring to life the art, social conditions, and Confucian ideology of the Eastern Han.This generously illustrated book examines the stone slabs and their rubbings as artifacts with a complex cultural history from the second century to the present, and addresses questions about the traditional identification of the structures as Han dynasty shrines of the Wu family. Written by a team of distinguished scholars in the fields of Chinese art and history, the book includes a novel examination of Han burial items in relation to burial belief, pictorial carvings, and funerary architecture.
Hearing and middle ear status in children and young adults with cleft palate

Objective: The overall aim of this thesis was to define the hearing and prevalence of abnormal middle ear status across childhood and into young adulthood and attempt to understand the effects of a higher prevalence of abnormal middle ear status on the auditory system. The prevalence of abnormal middle ear status is higher in children with cleft lip and palate or cleft palate (CP±L) than in children without CP±L. Little is known when or if the prevalence of abnormal middle ear status decreases as children age or the effects of this higher prevalence of abnormal middle ear status on hearing. Methods: The studies examined audiological and otological data from children with CP±L and children without CP±L at 1, 1.5, 3 and 5 years of age, analysed audiological and otological data from adolescents with CP±L with and without additional malformations at 7, 10, 13 and 16 years of age, and presented hearing and speech recognition performance from a group of young adults with CP±L. Results: The prevalence of abnormal middle ear status was higher in children with CP±L than in children without CP±L. This higher prevalence of abnormal middle ear status decreased significantly with age and normalized by 13 years. Individuals with CP±L also presented with worse hearing in the low and mid frequencies which also normalized by 13 years of age. However, the hearing thresholds in the higher frequencies did not improve. When abnormal middle ear status was present, children with CP±L presented with significantly higher hearing thresholds than children without CP±L. In young adults, poorer speech recognition performance existed in those with abnormal middle ear status on the day of testing as compared to those without abnormal middle ear status. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of abnormal middle ear status is evident in individuals with CP±L. Also when a hearing loss is present, individuals with CP±L experience higher hearing thresholds than those without CP±L. This higher prevalence of abnormal middle ear status results in poorer high frequency hearing which could potentially lead to challenges in academics. It may also lead to difficulties understanding speech in social situations. Therefore, individuals with CP±L need regular audiolgical and otological follow-up to ensure management is appropriate and timely to ensure optimal speech, language, and auditory development as the presence of abnormal middle ear status effects hearing outcomes.
MEASUREMENT OF THE CONSISTENCY OF PATELLA-TENDON-BEARING MODIFICATION USING CAD

Study design: Pilot studyBackground: Computer aided design (CAD) is now commonly used in prosthetic clinical practice. To create a patellar tendon bearing (PTB) socket, further modification of the transtibial shape is required. Objectives: To investigate the consistency of transtibial shape modification for a PTB socket design using CAD.Methods: 13 transtibial models with marked anatomical landmarks were made, each linked to a fictitious patient history. Three clinicians were asked to complete modification for a PTB socket with suspension sleeve at weekly intervals over the course of three weeks. Measurements were recorded at landmarks and compared for intra and inter reliability.Results: Clinicians showed high intraclass and interclass correlation (ICC) values with narrow confidence intervals for the tibial tubercle, medial and lateral flares and distal end of the tibia. One clinician demonstrated moderate intra rater reliability for modification over the patellar tendon. All other ICC values for the patellar tendon and fibular head modification were low. Inter rater reliability was not calculated for fibular head and patellar tendon as intra ICC values should be above 0.6. Conclusions: All clinicians showed good consistency at tibial tubercle, distal tibia, medial and lateral flares. Patellar tendon (0.345< ICC < 0.641) and fibular head (0.165< ICC < 0.513) showed poorer consistency and require improvement. LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT Computer aided design (CAD) is now commonly used to create artificial limbs. However, the shape of the amputated limb is captured when the patient is sitting down and therefore requires further adjustment. Modification of the shape is carried out by clinicians using a range on on-screen tools to remove and add material to the virtual model.This study aims to investigate the consistency of clinicians when making these modifications. A range of 13 below the knee amputation models were made, each linked to a made-up patient history. Three clinicians were asked to randomly complete modification three times on each model at weekly intervals over the course of three weeks. Measurements were recorded at landmarks and compared.Clinicians showed high reliability values for most landmark positions. However, modification was less reliable over important areas such as the patellar tendon and fibular head. Errors in such areas could potentially cause discomfort to the artificial limb wearer and greater consistency is required. This is only an initial study and further work is required to confirm results. ARTICLE PDF LINK: https://jps.library. utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/30006/22878 How to cite: O'Byrne M, McFadyen A K, Hannett D, McGarry A. Measurement of The Consistency of Patella-Tendon-Bearing Modification Using CAD. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, No 2, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i1. 30006