Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microdecisions instead of coercion: patient participation and self-perceived discrimination in a psychiatric ward

Abstract Aims: Patients may experience unfair reception when in contact with psychiatric services. The aims are to illuminate these perceptions, and the extent of inpatients’ involvement in their care, and if degree of involvement depends on compulsory or voluntary care. Furthermore, we sought to determine if an educational intervention for staff members, including systematic listening and offering the inpatients involvement using microdecisions, affects the inpatients’ experiences and the use of coercion. Materials and methods: We used a naturalistic setting case control design in two psychiatric wards for one year, including all inpatients (n = 685) of which 458 took part of the microdecision intervention. Structured direct interviews were carried out with inpatients based on the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC), Dyadic OPTION, and CollaboRATE instruments before (n = 19) and after (n = 46) the intervention. Frequencies of coercive measures before and after the intervention were compared (n = 685). Results: Respondents subjected to the intervention experienced less discrimination related to psychiatric care compared to responders not subjected. Tendencies of improvements post intervention were found for some aspects of involvement, as attention to concerns and possibilities to ask questions. A decrease in the use of coercive measures at three and six months after the start of the intervention was observed. Conclusion: Results suggest that the intervention could decrease the inpatients’ experiences of discrimination during psychiatric care as well as the use of coercion in the service. The Dyadic OPTION instrument showed a mixed picture with results implying improvements in some areas and impairments in others.
Phase I trial of autologous CD19-targeted CAR-modified t cells as consolidation after purine analog-based first-line therapy in patients with previously untreated CLL.

7020 Background: In order to address the previously recognized limitation of autologous T cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting CD19 in patients (pts) with chemotherapy refractory and relapsed CLL (Brentjens RJ et al., Blood 2011), we designed a phase I trial wherein CLL pts with residual disease following the first-line chemotherapy will receive the CD19-targeted CAR+ T cells as a consolidative therapy. Methods: Pts with CLL who have achieved either partial (PR) or complete response (CR) with detectable minimal residual disease (MRD) to the first-line therapy consisting of 6 cycles of pentostatin, cyclophosphamide and rituximab (PCR) were enrolled. Autologous T cells were transduced with a retroviral vector encoding the anti-CD19 scFv linked to CD28 co-stimulatory and CD3ζ signaling domains (19-28z). Pts received cyclophosphamide conditioning therapy followed by 3 escalating doses of CAR+ T cells. Response was assessed at 3 months according to the NCI-WG criteria. Results: 7.
The Anthropometry of Economical Running.

The influence of anthropometry and body composition on running economy is unclear, with previous investigations involving small relatively homogeneous groups of runners and limited anthropometric/composition measurements. PURPOSE To comprehensively investigate the relationships of anthropometry and body composition with running economy within a large heterogeneous sample of runners. METHODS Eighty-five runners (Males (M), n=45; Females (F) n=40), of diverse competitive standard, performed a discontinuous protocol of incremental treadmill running (4 min stages, 1 km·h increments) to establish locomotory energy cost (LEc) of running at submaximal speeds (averaged across 10-12 km·h; the highest common speed < lactate turnpoint). Measurements of anthropometry, including segment lengths, perimeters, masses and moments of inertia (MoI), and body composition were obtained using tape-based measurements and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS Absolute LEc (ABSLEc, kcal·km) was positively correlated with 21 (out of 27) absolute anthropometric variables in both male and female cohorts. Multiple regression analysis revealed that one variable (mean perimeter z-score) explained 49.4% (M) and 68.9% (F) of the variance in ABSLEc. Relative LEc (RELLEc, kcal·kg·km) was also correlated with 5 (M) and 7 (F) normalised anthropometric variables, and regression analysis explained 31.6% (M; percentage bone mass and normalised hip perimeter) and 33.3% (F, normalised forearm perimeter) of the variance in RELLEc. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide novel and robust evidence that anthropometry and body composition variables, predominantly indicative of relative slenderness, explain a considerable proportion of the variance in running economy (i.e., more slender, lower energy cost). We therefore recommend that runners and coaches are attentive to relative slenderness in selecting and training athletes with the aim of enhancing running economy, and improving distance running performance.
Medicaid’s EPSDT Benefit: An Opportunity to Improve Pediatric Screening for Social Determinants of Health

The Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment (EPSDT) benefit is a key component of Medicaid policy intended to define an essential set of services provided to patients younger than age 21. Given increasing attention to social determinants of health in pediatric health care, this qualitative review examines the extent to which EPSDT might be used to implement structured screening to identify environmental and social factors affecting children’s health. Themes derived from semistructured interviews conducted in 2017 were triangulated with a review of the recent literature to describe how states currently consider the EPSDT benefit with respect to social determinants of health screening. Our findings suggest that, with sufficient stakeholder advocacy given the evidence supporting social determinants of health screening as “medically necessary,” EPSDT benefits could be considered as a funding source to incentivize the incorporation of social determinants of health screening into the basic package of well-child care.
Post-traumatic endophthalmitis in children.

PURPOSE To study the clinico-microbiological profile and evaluate the functional and anatomical outcomes of pediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PPTE). METHODS This was a retrospective interventional case series. All medical case records of patients diagnosed with PPTE over a 5-year period from January 2011 to December2015 were reviewed. Data recorded was: age, sex, type of trauma, mode of injury, interval between trauma and presentation, treatment, follow-up duration and final functional and anatomical outcomes. RESULTS Forty-one eyes of 41 patients diagnosed with PPTE met the inclusion criteria. There were 26 boys and 15 girls. The mean age at the time of presentation was 7.34 years (1month -16years). The median interval between trauma and presentation was 3 days (mean = 13.71 days; 1-240 days). The average follow-up period was 292.24 days (median 150 days; 30 1440 days). Injury with wooden stick (20,50%) was the most common mode of injury. Culture positivity was noted in 25(61%) cases. Staphylococcusaureus was the most common organisms identified on culture. Univariate analysis of in dependent variables was done using the Chi-square test showed patients with positive culture for gram-positive organisms had better anatomical (p=0.038) and functional outcomes (p=0.043). 35(85%) patients underwent vitrectomy along with intraocular antibiotics. Optimal anatomical and functional outcomes were noted in 23(56.1%) and12(29.3%) respectively. CONCLUSION PPTE carries a significantly poor prognosis in terms of ocular integrity and visual function. PPTE is common in boys and often caused by vegetative matter. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism seen in PPTE. Early presentation following trauma and identification of gram-positive organisms have a better prognosis.
Diet and Exercise Training Influence Skeletal Muscle Long-Chain acyl-CoA Synthetases.

INTRODUCTION Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSLs) are implicated as regulators of oxidation and storage of fatty acids within skeletal muscle; however, to what extent diet and exercise alter skeletal muscle ACSLs remains poorly understood. PURPOSE To determine effects of diet and exercise training on skeletal muscle ACSLs and examine relationships between ACSL1 and ACSL6 and fat oxidation and fat storage, respectively. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice consumed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity compared with low-fat diet (LFD). At week 4, mice began aerobic exercise (EX-Tr) or remained sedentary (SED) for 8 weeks. At week 12, protein abundance of 5 known ACSL isoforms and mRNA expression for ACSL1 and ACSL6 were measured in gastrocnemius muscle, as was skeletal muscle lipid content. Fat oxidation was measured using metabolic cage indirect calorimetry at week 10. RESULTS Of 5 known ACSL isoforms, 4 were detected at the protein level. HFD resulted in greater, yet non-significant, ACSL1 protein abundance (+18%, P=0.13 vs. LFD), greater ACSL6 (+107%, P<0.01 vs. LFD), and no difference in ACSL4 or ACSL5. Exercise training resulted in greater ACSL6 protein abundance in LFD mice (P=0.05 LFD EX-Tr vs. SED) while ACSL4 was lower following exercise training compared with sedentary, regardless of diet. Under fasted conditions, skeletal muscle ACSL1 protein abundance was not related to measures of whole-body fat oxidation. Conversely, skeletal muscle ACSL6 protein abundance was positively correlated with intramyocellular lipid content (P<0.01, r=0.22). We present evidence that ACSL isoforms 1, 4 and 6 may undergo regulation by HFD and/or exercise training. We further conclude increased skeletal muscle ACSL6 may facilitate increased intramyocellular fat storage during HFD-induced obesity.
Longitudinal Associations between Aerobic Capacity and Academic Achievement in Youth.

INTRODUCTION Data from clinical trials have justified the promotion of fitness as a means to enhance facets of cognitive control and academic achievement in youth. However, such associations, when tested under real-world conditions, are equivocal. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to evaluate longitudinal associations between aerobic capacity (AC), weight status, and academic achievement within a large urban county. METHODS Longitudinal data were obtained from a sample of third, fifth, and seventh grade students in schools within an urban county in Georgia. Data on body mass index (BMI) were available from 11639 students; AC data from 5735 students. Data on both indicators were obtained through the established FitnessGram assessment battery with two-year changes calculated using standardized Z scores. Academic achievement data were available from three subjects (math, science, and reading) for 3, 5, and 7 grade students and two-year changes were computed using changes in Z scores for each test. Data were analyzed using generalized logistic models to test associations between change in BMI and AC in relation to changes in academic achievement. RESULTS Positive associations were observed between improvements in weight status and academic achievement for the 5 grade boys and girls ([reading] OR=1.47; CI=1.25,1.72 [science] OR=1.22, CI= 1.04,1.42). Maintaining weight status was associated with improved scores in the 3 grade ([math] OR=1.16, CI=1.012-1.327, [reading] OR=1.47 CI=1.25,1.72) and 5 grade cohorts (math OR=1.20 CI=1.00.1.43). For AC, no significant associations were found for any age cohort. CONCLUSIONS Modest associations between improvements in weight status, AC, and academic achievement are noteworthy, despite the lack of statistical significance for AC. The results provide a robust evaluation of associations between fitness and academic achievement.
Qualitative Research Design

Quantitative and qualitative are, importantly, words to describe the kind of data gleaned from an experiment and not the phenomena themselves The kind of data we extract from an experiment depends on the experiment design and the parameters we as researchers set before beginning. Thus, external phenomena of the world are interpreted through a chosen experimental framework – whether this is quantitative or qualitative depends on the research question.
Comparison of the efficacy of three stains used for the detection of cytological changes in Sudanese females with breast lumps.

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) is an important diagnostic method for breast cancer; it is affected by the type of stain. Aim: To compare the efficacy of each of Papanicolaou (Pap), Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), and MayGrunwald Giemsa (MGG) stains in breast FNA samples. Settings and Design: We conducted a prospective study of a convenience sample of two hundred females with breast lumps, who attended the Radiation & Isotopes Center – Khartoum and some private cytology clinics in the City of Khartoum, Sudan. Material and Methods: FNA samples were collected from each patient and the material was simultaneously smeared onto three labeled glass slides. Dry smears were stained with MGG stain, and wet fixed smears were stained with Harris’s haematoxylin and eosin and Pap stain. Statistical analysis used: For the evaluation of the three stains, scores were given on four parameters including background of smears, overall staining pattern, cell morphology and nuclear staining. Quality index was calculated as the ratio of score achieved to maximum possible score. Results: From two-hundred triple smears, the Pap stain showed the best staining quality with a quality index of (0.87), H&E came next with a quality index of (0.81), and MGG came last with a quality index of (0.77). Comparison of the efficacy of three stains used for the detection of cytological changes in Sudanese females with breast lumps Alkhair Abd Almahmoud Idris, M.Sc 1 Muhammed Sidahmed Hussain, Ph.D 2 1 Centre for Science and Technology, Ahfad University for Women-Sudan. 2 School of Health Sciences, Ahfad University for Women-Sudan. Corresponding Author: Alkhair Abd Almahmoud Idris, Address: Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan, P.O. Box:167, Omdurman, Sudan, Phone number: +249-924706310, E-Mail: address:alkhair20@hotmail.com Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) has become an important preoperative and screening test for breast masses 1. It is easy to perform, quickly and has a high degree of specificity and sensitivity 2. The increasing popularity of FNA as a primary diagnostic procedure has demonstrated the utilization and adaptability of other stains such as the Romanowsky stains and Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain with traditional papanicolaou (Pap) stain 3. The main goal of diagnostic cytology is the recognition of cells derived from malignant tissues. The interpretation of the smear is difficult, depends on the experience of the pathologist and the site of collection of fine needle aspirate. In Sudan, breast FNA has been used widely in recent years as a diagnostic tool for breast cancer, so the quality of stains plays a great role in interpretation. In order to obtain reliable results, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of each of Pap, H&E and May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) stain in breast FNA samples.
Web‐based LGBT cultural competency training intervention for oncologists: Pilot study results

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) cancer patients experience substantial health disparities, including poorer overall health and lower satisfaction with their cancer care than their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts, which may be due in part to a lack of culturally competent providers. To address these disparities, a web‐based LGBT cultural competency training tailored to oncologists was developed by an interdisciplinary team of scientists, LGBT cancer survivors, cultural competency experts, oncologists, a web designer, and an instructional designer.
Implicit temporal predictability biases slow oscillatory phase in auditory cortex and enhances pitch discrimination sensitivity

Can human listeners use strictly implicit temporal contingencies in auditory input to form temporal predictions, and if so, how are these predictions represented endogenously? To assess this question, we implicitly manipulated foreperiods in an auditory pitch discrimination task. Unbeknownst to participants, the pitch of the standard tone could either be deterministically predictive of the onset of the target tone, or convey no predictive information. Both conditions were presented interleaved in one stream, and separated by variable inter-stimulus intervals such that there was no dominant stimulus rhythm throughout. Even though participants were unaware of the implicit temporal contingencies, pitch discrimination sensitivity (i.e. the slope of the psychometric function) increased when the onset of the target tone was predictable in time (N=49). Concurrently recorded EEG data (N=24) revealed that standard tones which initiated temporal predictions evoked a more negative N1 component than non-predictive standards, and were followed by an increase in delta power during the foreperiod. Furthermore, the phase angle of delta oscillations (1-3Hz) evoked by the standard tone predicted pitch discrimination sensitivity at the target tone (1.75 s later on average), which suggests that temporal predictions can be initiated by an optimized delta phase reset. In sum, we show that auditory perception benefits from implicit temporal contingencies, and provide evidence for a role of slow neural oscillations in the endogenous representation of temporal predictions, in absence of exogenously driven entrainment to rhythmic input. Significance Statement Temporal contingencies are ubiquitous in sensory environments, especially in the auditory domain, and have been shown to facilitate perception and action. Yet, how these contingencies in exogenous inputs are transformed into an endogenous representation of temporal predictions is not known. Here, we implicit induced temporal predictability in the absence of a rhythmic input structure, that is without exogenously driven entrainment of neural oscillations. Our results show that even implicit and non-rhythmic temporal predictions are extracted and used by human observers, underlining the role of timing in sensory processing. Furthermore, our EEG results point towards an instrumental role of delta oscillations in initiating temporal predictions by an optimized phase reset in response to a temporally predictive cue. Conflict of interest None.
A model for developing an outpatient palliative care clinic within an accountable care organization

The purpose of this practice inquiry project is to create a model for implementing an outpatient palliative care clinic within an organization of healthcare providers who participate in shared savings for Medicare patients, also known as, an accountable care organization (ACO). The goal of this project is that it can be used by future health care administrators to successfully create and implement an outpatient palliative care clinic. The philosophical nursing foundation for palliative care is discussed to set the groundwork for the model proposed. The benefits of palliative care nursing for patients, families and the ACO are discussed to support the importance of opening an outpatient palliative care clinic. A step by step model has been developed and presented on how to plan and implement an outpatient palliative care program. Tools have been proposed to help successfully and effectively create, implement and evaluate outpatient palliative care clinics within an ACO.
Multi-agent reinforcement learning for market microstructure statistical inference

Quantitative finance has had a long tradition of a bottom-up approach to complex systems inference via multi-agent systems (MAS). These statistical tools are based on modelling agents, which trade via a centralised order book to emulate complex and diverse market phenomena. Nevertheless, the issue of agent learning in MAS, which is crucial to price formation and hence to all market activity, has not yet fully benefited from the recent progress of artificial intelligence, and namely reinforcement learning. In order to address this, we present here a next-generation MAS stock market simulator, in which each agent learns to trade autonomously via reinforcement learning. We calibrate it to real market data from the London Stock Exchange over the years 2007 to 2018, and use it to highlight the beneficial impact of agent suboptimal learning on market stability.
Scene Compliant Trajectory Forecast With Agent-Centric Spatio-Temporal Grids

Forecasting long-term human motion is a challenging task due to the non-linearity, multi-modality and inherent uncertainty in future trajectories. The underlying scene and past motion of agents can provide useful cues to predict their future motion. However, the heterogeneity of the two inputs poses a challenge for learning a joint representation of the scene and past trajectories. To address this challenge, we propose a model based on grid representations to forecast agent trajectories. We represent the past trajectories of agents using binary 2-D grids, and the underlying scene as a RGB birds-eye view (BEV) image, with an agent-centric frame of reference. We encode the scene and past trajectories using convolutional layers and generate trajectory forecasts using a Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) decoder. Results on the publicly available Stanford Drone Dataset (SDD) show that our model outperforms prior approaches and outputs realistic future trajectories that comply with scene structure and past motion.
Enhancing JPEG Steganography using Iterative Adversarial Examples

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based methods have significantly improved the performance of image ste-ganalysis compared with conventional ones based on hand-crafted features. However, many existing literatures on computer vision have pointed out that those effective CNN-based methods can be easily fooled by adversarial examples [1]. In this paper, we propose a steganography method based on adversarial example in an iterative manner. The proposed method first starts from an existing embedding cost, such as J-UNIWARD [2] in this work, and then updates the cost iteratively based on adversarial examples derived from a series of steganalytic networks until achieving satisfactory results. We carefully analyze two important factors that would affect the security performance of the proposed framewrork, i.e., the percentage of selected gradients with larger amplitude and the adversarial intensity to modify embedding cost. The experimental results evaluated on three modern steganalytic models, including GFR, SCA-GFR and SRNet, show that the proposed method is very promising to enhance the security performances of JPEG steganography.