Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Truncus arteriosus (type II) associated with interruption of the aortic arch (type B). Case report of a 3-year-old child.

Only two patients with truncus arteriosus associated with complete interruption of the aortic arch have been reported who survived infancy. A third child, not reported, has had surgical correction of these cardiac anomalies. All other reports of this combination of cardiac anomalies have dealt with patients who died in early infancy at a median age of 7 days. Because the condition is rare and because a corrective surgical procedure is available, a fourth child surviving infancy is reported.
GROWING TERATOMA SYNDROME TREATED BY INTERFERON ALPHA-2β: Case Report and Literature Review

A 14-year old girl was diagnosed as suffering from an immature teratoma. As removal of the teratoma was technically unfeasible, the patient was started on interferon α 2β, 3 MU/day, 5 days per week. On this therapy, the growth of the teratoma was stopped and the patient has been well for the past 50 months. She continues to be treated with interferon α 2β, with almost no side effects and no restrictions of her everyday activities, with a good quality of life. She is able to attend school regularly, travels abroad frequently, and participates fully in everyday activities normal for her age and social conditions. Her Karnofsky performance status is 100. This case demonstrates the efficacy of interferon α 2β therapy in certain instances of growing teratoma syndrome, even when the tumorous mass is initially quite large.
Structural determinants of barium permeation and rectification in non- NMDA glutamate receptor channels

A single site in recombinant glutamate receptor channels of the GluR1- GluR4 family has been previously identified as a key regulator of ion permeation. The natural amino acid at this position (arginine in GluR2 but glutamine in GluR1, GluR3, and GluR4) determines both the ability to pass outward current and the divalent cation permeability of kainate- activated receptor channels. By mutagenesis of GluR6, we demonstrated that the same site also controls the ability to pass outward current in another non-NMDA receptor family. Additional mutations at and near this site in GluR3 indicated that the position of the arginine is critical to function, that the ability to pass outward current is not necessarily linked to low barium permeability, and that the size as well as the charge of the side chain at this position influences barium permeation. These results provide evidence that this site forms part of the selectivity filter of glutamate receptor channels.
Frequent epigenetic inactivation of RASSF10 in thyroid cancer

The Ras association domain family (RASSF) encodes for distinct tumor suppressors and several members are frequently silenced in human cancer. In our study, we analyzed the role of a novel RASSF member termed RASSF10 in thyroid carcinogenesis. The RASSF10 CpG island promoter was intensively methylated in nine thyroid cancer cell lines and in 66% of primary thyroid carcinomas. RASSF10 methylation was significantly increased in primary thyroid carcinoma compared to normal thyroid and follicular adenoma (0% and 10%, respectively; p
Modifying the fitness function during the use of an evolutionary algorithm for design

We use an evolutionary algorithm in which we change the fitness function periodically to model the fact that objectives can change during creative problem solving. We performed an experiment to observe the behavior of the evolutionary algorithm regarding its response to these changes and its ability to successfully generate solutions for its creative task despite the changes. An analysis of the results of this experiment sheds some light into the conditions under which the evolutionary algorithm can respond with varying degrees of robustness to the changes.
Prevalence & risk factors of pre-hypertension & hypertension in an affluent north Indian population.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Urban Indians have a high prevalence of insulin resistance, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We studied the prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension, as well their association with cardiovascular risk factors, in a north Indian upper socio-economic population. METHODS A total of 1746 adults (age >or=30 yr) residing in an urban colony of high-income group residents in the city of Lucknow, north India, were invited to be enrolled for the study. The response rate was 64 per cent (n=1112). Blood pressure, anthropometry, plasma glucose in response to oral glucose tolerance test and lipids were measured. The variables contributing significantly to pre-hypertension and hypertension were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The age and sex adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 32.2 per cent and pre-hypertension was 32.3 per cent. In contrast to hypertension, which was highest in the age group 60-69 yr (64%), prehypertension was highest (36%) in the group 30-39 yr. There was a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the general population [central obesity (86.7%), elevated LDL cholesterol (22.8%), abnormal glucose tolerance (41.6%) and smoking (20.3% of males)]. Two or more of the cardiovascular risk factors were present in a higher proportion of hypertensive [66%, odds ratio (OR) 3.0, P<0.0001] and pre-hypertensive, (56%, OR 2.0, P<0.0001) compared to normotensive subjects (39%). Subjects with pre-hypertension had body mass index, waist-hip ratio and frequency of glucose intolerance, which was intermediate between normotensive and hypertensive subjects. In multiple logistic regression analysis, increasing age, body mass index, waist hip ratio and impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes were independent risk factors for both hypertension and pre-hypertension. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION A high prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension were noted in affluent urban north Indians. Increasing age, body mass index, central obesity and impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes were significantly associated with both hypertension and pre-hypertension. Pre-hypertension was associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.
Assessment of the reproducibility of the indirect ultrasound method of measuring diaphragm mobility

The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of the ultrasound (US) measurement of craniocaudal displacement of the left branch of the portal vein as an indirect method of measuring right hemidiaphragm mobility in healthy young adults. Forty‐one healthy participants were selected, ranging from 20 to 30 years of age. The US tests were conducted and interpreted by two observers (A and B) on two separate occasions (Test 1 and Test 2). Intra‐observer and interobserver reproducibility and repeatability of US measurements were determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC[2,1]) using a 95% confidence interval (CI). Interobserver reproducibility assessment showed ‘high correlation’ for Test 1 and Test 2 (ICC[2,1] = 0·83, 95% CI = 0·70–0·91, and ICC[2,1] = 0·79, 95% CI = 0·61–0·89, respectively). Intra‐observer reproducibility assessment showed ‘moderate correlation’ for observer A (ICC[2,1] = 0·69, 95% CI = 0·45–0·84) and for observer B (ICC[2,1] = 0·65, 95% CI = 0·39–0·81). Repeatability assessment showed ‘high correlation’ for all tests performed (ICC[2,1] = 0·86, 0·80, 0·74, 0·79, P<0·001). In conclusion, US measurement of craniocaudal displacement of the left branch of the portal vein is a reproducible method of measuring right hemidiaphragm mobility in healthy young adults.
Homogenization of the evolution Stokes equation in a perforated domain with a stochastic Fourier boundary condition

The evolution Stokes equation in a perforated domain subject to Fourier boundary condition on the boundaries of the holes is considered. We assume that the dynamic is driven by a stochastic perturbation on the interior of the domain and another stochastic perturbation on the boundaries of the holes. The macroscopic (homogenized) equation is derived as another stochastic partial differential equation, defined in the whole non perforated domain. Here, the initial stochastic perturbation on the boundary becomes part of the homogenized equation as another stochastic force. We use the two-scale convergence method after extending the solution with 0 in the wholes to pass to the limit. By It\^o stochastic calculus, we get uniform estimates on the solution in appropriate spaces. In order to pass to the limit on the boundary integrals, we rewrite them in terms of integrals in the whole domain. In particular, for the stochastic integral on the boundary, we combine the previous idea of rewriting it on the whole domain with the assumption that the Brownian motion is of trace class. Due to the particular boundary condition dealt with, we get that the solution of the stochastic homogenized equation is not divergence free. However, it is coupled with the cell problem that has a divergence free solution. This paper represents an extension of the results from of Duan and Wang (Comm. Math. Phys. 275:1508--1527, 2007), where a reaction diffusion equation with a dynamical boundary condition with a noise source term on both the interior of the domain and on the boundary was studied, and through a tightness argument and a pointwise two scale convergence method the homogenized equation was derived.
Compliance with Poisons Center Referral Advice and Implications for Toxicovigilance

Background: When Poisons Information, or Poisons Control Centers (PCC) give directive advice in response to general public calls it is usually assumed that the advice will be followed, but it is difficult to measure the actual compliance of callers to a PCC. Epidemiological data regarding the incidence of poisoning incidents (Toxicovigilance) often utilizes reports of calls to a PCC. Methods: Retrospective review of advice given to all callers to the New Zealand National Poisons Centre (NZNPC) from a defined area for the calendar year 2001. Callers to the NZNPC telephone hotlines who were advised to attend or not to attend the hospital Emergency Department (ED) were subsequently matched with actual ED visits. Results: The compliance rate for those advised to attend the ED was 76.1%, whereas those advised not to attend had a compliance rate of 98.7%. The overall compliance rate was 94.1%. Of the patients presenting to the ED with a potential poisoning, only 10.2% were referred by the PCC. The callers referred by PCC and direct ED visitors appeared to differ in some respects. Conclusions: Compliance with PCC telephone advice is similar to the compliance rates in many other health interventions. Comparisons between populations calling a PCC and those self‐presenting to an ED show that PCC data may not reflect the true burden of poisoning to health care systems.
Effects of inertial setting on power, force, work and eccentric overload during flywheel resistance exercise in women and men.

Exercise load is a key component in determining end-point adaptations to resistance exercise. Yet, there is no information regarding the use of different inertia (i.e. loads) during iso-inertial flywheel resistance exercise, a very popular high-intensity training model. Thus, this study examined power, work, force and eccentric-overload produced during flywheel resistance exercise with different inertial settings in men and women. Twenty-two women (n=11) and men (n=11) performed unilateral (in both legs) isolated concentric (CON) and coupled CON and eccentric (ECC) exercise in a flywheel knee extension device employing six inertias (0.0125, 0.025, 0.0375, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 kg*m). Power decreased as higher inertias were used, with men showing greater (P< 0.05) decrements than women (-36% vs. -29% from lowest to highest inertia). In contrast, work increased as higher inertias were employed, independent of sex (P<0.05; ∼48% from lowest to highest inertia). Women increased CON and ECC mean force (46-55%, respectively) more (P<0.05) than men (34-50%, respectively) from the lowest to the highest inertia evaluated, although the opposite was found for peak force data (i.e. peak force increased more in men than in women as inertia was increased). Men, but not women, increased ECC overload from inertia 0.0125 to 0.0375 kg*m. While estimated stretch-shorting cycle use during flywheel exercise was higher (P<0.05) in men (6.6%) than women (4.9%), values were greater for both sexes when using low to -medium inertias. The information gained in this study could help athletes and sport and health professionals to better understand the impact of different inertial settings on skeletal muscle responses to flywheel resistance exercise.
Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the clinical laboratory.

Summary By testing some of the many methods that have been described for the identification of Ps. aeruginosa with a series of typical strains an identification scheme was evolved and subsequently applied in an epidemiological investigation of Ps. aeruginosa respiratory tract infections. Its use led to the rapid identification of typical strains, but even atypical strains were usually identified within 48 hr of their isolation. The scheme has been evolved with the needs of the routine medical diagnostic laboratory in mind.
Restauration de la fertilite dans un systeme agricole a jachere longue des hautes andes du venezuela

Les causes de la diminution de la fertilite au cours des cultures consecutives de pomme de terre ont ete analysees dans un systeme agricole a jachere longue, utilise par les paysans des hautes andes du venezuela. Une premiere experience a permis d'identifier la presence de deux pics d'absorption d'azote au cours du developpement de la culture. Le premier pic coincide avec la croissance aerienne maximale et le deuxieme a lieu les dernieres semaines du remplissage des tubercules. Un deficit pendant le premier pic entraine une tuberisation precoce et une diminution de l'investissement de biomasse et d'azote dans les parties aeriennes. Un deficit pendant le deuxieme pic accelere la migration des assimilats et de l'azote vers les tubercules et cause une diminution de l'assimilation nette, par manque d'azote dans le feuillage. Une deuxieme experience nous a permis de comparer le developpement de la culture dans une parcelle recuperee apres 15 annees de jachere (pr) et dans une parcelle epuisee apres 3 annees de culture (pe). Le developpement de la biomasse aerienne a ete plus faible en pr, mais par contre le taux d'assimilation nette sur tout le cycle, qui reflete l'efficience pour le remplissage des tubercules, a ete plus fort en pr qu'en pe. En consequence, les plantes ont moins de feuilles et plus de tubercules en pr. La disponibilite en azote mineral au cours du developpement explique bien les differences entre parcelles: en pr il y a moins d'azote disponible pendant le premier pic d'absorption et plus pendant le deuxieme pic en relation a pe. L'immobilisation de l'azote par les micro-organismes determine sa disponibilite pendant le premier pic d'absorption, cette immobilisation est beaucoup plus importante en pr. La mineralisation posterieure de l'azote immobilise, qui explique la disponibilite pendant le deuxieme pic d'absorption, est plus importante en pr qu'en pe
Effect of Neuroprotective Flavonoids of Agrimonia eupatoria on Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Injury to HT22 Hippocampal Cells

A methanolic extract of Agrimonia eupatoria (Rosaceae) significantly attenuated glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22 hippocampal cells. A new flavonoid, characterized as kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(2″-O-acetyl-6″-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (2″-acetyl-tiliroside (1), was isolated from the methanolic extract of A. eupatoria stems together with nine known flavonoids. Compounds 4, 7, 8 and 9 all showed a neuroprotective effect on glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells.
Identification and Characterization of Genes Required for Cell-to-Cell Fusion in Neurospora crassa

ABSTRACT A screening procedure was used to identify cell fusion (hyphal anastomosis) mutants in the Neurospora crassa single gene deletion library. Mutants with alterations in 24 cell fusion genes required for cell fusion between conidial anastomosis tubes (CATs) were identified and characterized. The cell fusion genes identified included 14 genes that are likely to function in signal transduction pathways needed for cell fusion to occur (mik-1, mek-1, mak-1, nrc-1, mek-2, mak-2, rac-1, pp2A, so/ham-1, ham-2, ham-3, ham-5, ham-9, and mob3). The screening experiments also identified four transcription factors that are required for cell fusion (adv-1, ada-3, rco-1, and snf5). Three genes encoding proteins likely to be involved in the process of vesicular trafficking were also identified as needed for cell fusion during the screening (amph-1, ham-10, pkr1). Three of the genes identified by the screening procedure, ham-6, ham-7, and ham-8, encode proteins that might function in mediating the plasma membrane fusion event. Three of the putative signal transduction proteins, three of the transcription factors, the three putative vesicular trafficking proteins, and the three proteins that might function in mediating cell fusion had not been identified previously as required for cell fusion.
Dietary fiber and flavan-3-ols in shortbread biscuits enriched with barley flours co-products

The coarse fraction obtained by air classification of barley flour, rich in dietary fiber and flavan-3-ols, was utilized to develop functional biscuits. The flavan-3-ol content, antioxidant activity and oxidative stability of biscuits were measured during storage under retail conditions for 1 year. The replacement of 60% (w/w) refined wheat flour with barley coarse fraction increased the ash, fiber and flavan-3-ol contents significantly. Biscuit samples enriched with barley coarse fraction had a significantly higher amount of fiber compared with the control sample (six times higher). The β-glucan content in enriched samples was 15 times higher than control samples. The flavan-3-ol loss in biscuits after baking was about 67%. The initial content of flavan-3-ols increased from 0.6 to 4.3 mg/100 g in biscuits formulated with barley coarse fraction and showed improved antioxidant properties. Lipid oxidation increased during the shelf-life; the enriched biscuit showed the higher lipid oxidation status, but the level reached during the shelf-life was lower than the limit of acceptance reported for bakery products and, for this reason, does not compromise the safety.
Role of Specificity Protein-1 and Activating Protein-2 Transcription Factors in the Regulation of the Gap Junction Protein Beta-2 Gene in the Epididymis of the Rat1

ABSTRACT In prepubertal rats, connexin 26 (GJB2) is expressed between adjacent columnar cells of the epididymis. At 28 days of age, when columnar cells differentiate into adult epithelial cell types, Gjb2 mRNA levels decrease to barely detectable levels. There is no information on the regulation of GJB2 in the epididymis. The present study characterized regulation of the Gjb2 gene promoter in the epididymis. A single transcription start site at position −3829 bp relative to the ATG was identified. Computational analysis revealed several TFAP2A, SP1, and KLF4 putative binding sites. A 1.5-kb fragment of the Gjb2 promoter was cloned into a vector containing a luciferase reporter gene. Transfection of the construct into immortalized rat caput epididymal (RCE-1) cells indicated that the promoter contained sufficient information to drive expression of the reporter gene. Deletion constructs showed that the basal activity of the promoter resides in the first −230 bp of the transcriptional start site. Two response elements necessary for GJB2 expression were identified: an overlapping TFAP2A/SP1 site (−136 to −126 bp) and an SP1 site (−50 bp). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that SP1 and TFAP2A were bound to the promoter. ChIP analysis of chromatin from young and pubertal rats indicated that TFAP2A and SP1 binding decreased with age. SP1 and TFAP2A knockdown indicated that SP1 is necessary for Gjb2 expression. DNA methylation did not appear to be involved in the regulation of Gjb2 expression. Results indicate that SP1 and TFAP2A regulate Gjb2 promoter activity during epididymal differentiation in rat.
Diagnostic Checks in Time Series

To summarize, Basic Statistics and Data Analysis is not suitable for students majoring in math, science, and engineering, because of the sparse coverage of statistical topics applicable to these fields. As a general audience text, the book is well written in terms of style and readability. However, the instructor would have to be predisposed to include a heavy dose of nonparametric statistics in an introductory course and plan on presenting clearer guidelines on when such tests are appropriate.
Black holes with non-Abelian hair and their thermodynamical properties.

We present some black-hole solutions of the Einstein-Yang-Mills-dilaton system and calculate their Hawking temperatures. We find that if the coupling constant of the dilaton is smaller than some critical value, the thermodynamical behavior of these black holes includes two phase transitions at points determined by the value of the mass parameter. The black holes with masses between those two critical values have a positive specific heat. This is also true for the known colored black-hole solutions. We also reanalyse Skyrme black holes and find that there exist two types of solutions (a stable type and an unstable excited type) and these two types converge to a bifurcation point at some critical horizon radius, beyond which there is no Skyrme black hole
Attachment representations in adolescence: Further evidence from psychiatric residential settings

The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) has afforded the opportunity to profile the various ways in which people make sense of early experience. While the initial research with the AAI was primarily based on non-clinical populations, this paper extends the growing body of knowledge concerning attachment representations in clinical samples, specifically among severely emotionally disturbed adolescents. The study investigated 39 adolescents resident on five regional adolescent units in the south-east of England. As predicted, the number of adolescents presenting as securely attached was low (n = 4), whilst the incidence of insecure attachment patterns in the sample was high (n = 35). When interviews were rated additionally in terms of lack of resolution, 59% of the sample were unresolved with respect to experiences of trauma or loss. Discussion addresses the possible uses of the AAI in therapeutic interventions for severely disturbed adolescents, which are centrally based on the formation of a secure, safe relationship with a non-threatening adult.
Detection of dementia of the Alzheimer type in a population-based sample: Neuropsychological test performance

Abstract The ability to detect dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) in a community-dwelling sample of elderly individuals on the basis of neuropsychological test performance was examined. Three hundred sixty community-dwelling individuals were identified by neurological examination as having probable or possible Alzheimer’s disease, being at risk for Alzheimer’s disease, or having no cognitive impairment. A logistic model comprised of tests of verbal and nonverbal memory, mental flexibility, and confrontation naming correctly classified 82% of DAT subjects and 98% of normal elderly subjects. The logistic model classified 77% of subjects who were diagnosed as at risk for Alzheimer's disease as being cognitively normal. A cross-validation with a clinically based sample of subjects correctly classified 89% of DAT patients and 100% of normal control subjects. The results suggest that psychometric discrimination of dementia may be less accurate in community-dwelling populations than in clinically based samples. (JINS, 1995, I, 252–260.)