Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychopathology among New York city public school children 6 months after September 11.

CONTEXT Children exposed to a traumatic event may be at higher risk for developing mental disorders. The prevalence of child psychopathology, however, has not been assessed in a population-based sample exposed to different levels of mass trauma or across a range of disorders. OBJECTIVE To determine prevalence and correlates of probable mental disorders among New York City, NY, public school students 6 months following the September 11, 2001, World Trade Center attack. DESIGN Survey. SETTING New York City public schools. PARTICIPANTS A citywide, random, representative sample of 8236 students in grades 4 through 12, including oversampling in closest proximity to the World Trade Center site (ground zero) and other high-risk areas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Children were screened for probable mental disorders with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Predictive Scales. RESULTS One or more of 6 probable anxiety/depressive disorders were identified in 28.6% of all children. The most prevalent were probable agoraphobia (14.8%), probable separation anxiety (12.3%), and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (10.6%). Higher levels of exposure correspond to higher prevalence for all probable anxiety/depressive disorders. Girls and children in grades 4 and 5 were the most affected. In logistic regression analyses, child's exposure (adjusted odds ratio, 1.62), exposure of a child's family member (adjusted odds ratio, 1.80), and the child's prior trauma (adjusted odds ratio, 2.01) were related to increased likelihood of probable anxiety/depressive disorders. Results were adjusted for different types of exposure, sociodemographic characteristics, and child mental health service use. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of New York City public school children had a probable mental disorder 6 months after September 11, 2001. The data suggest that there is a relationship between level of exposure to trauma and likelihood of child anxiety/depressive disorders in the community. The results support the need to apply wide-area epidemiological approaches to mental health assessment after any large-scale disaster.
Self-efficacy theory.

1) Performance accomplishments are one's personal mastery experiences, defined as past successes or failures. These experiences form expectations that are generalized to other situations that may be similar or substantially different from the original experience. For example, strong efficacy expectations are developed through repeated success of a behavior, and reduced efficacy expectations can result from failures. We can increase personal mastery for a behavior through participant modeling, performance exposure, self-instructed performances, and performance desensitization, the process through which aversive behavior is paired with a pleasant or relaxing experience. 2) Vicarious experience, which is observing others perform threatening activities without adverse consequences, can also enhance personal self-efficacy by demonstrating that the activity is " do-able " with a little effort and persistence. Vicarious experience can be enhanced through live modeling (observing others perform an activity), or symbolic modeling. 3) Verbal persuasion. People are led to believe they can successfully accomplish a task or behavior through the use of suggestion, exhortation, or self-instruction. However, because verbal persuasion is not grounded in personal experience, it is a weaker inducer of efficacy and may be extinguished by histories of past failures. 4) Emotional arousal. We can enhance perceived self-efficacy by diminishing emotional arousals such as fear, stress, and physical agitation since they are associated with decreased performance, reduced success, and other avoidance behaviors. Emotional arousal can be mitigated with repeated symbolic exposure that allows people to practice dealing with stress, relaxation techniques, and symbolic desensitization. Self-Efficacy is defined as a person's belief about their ability to organize and execute courses of action necessary to achieve a goal. In other words, persons with strong efficacy beliefs are more confident in their capacity to execute a behavior. Beliefs about self-efficacy have a significant impact on our goals and accomplishments by influencing personal choice, motivation, and our patterns and emotional reactions. For example, we tend to avoid threatening situations that we believe exceed our coping skills. Perceived self-efficacy also affects how successfully goals are accomplished by influencing the level of effort and persistence a person will demonstrate in the face of obstacles. That is, the stronger the perceived self-efficacy, the more active our efforts. Higher self-efficacy is also associated with more persistence, a trait that allows us to gain corrective experiences that reinforce our sense of self-efficacy. Because of its effect on personal choice, motivation, effort, and persistence, self-efficacy has severe implications for health behaviors, such as …
Isolation of floc-producing bacteria from activated sludge.

Although the activated sludge process for stabilizing liquid organic wastes is primarily a biological process, very little research has been conducted on the pure biological phases of this process. Until the work of Butterfield (1935), activated sludge was considered by some as a physio-chemical process and by others as a bio-chemical process. Butterfield isolated a bacterium, Zoogloea ramigera, from activated sludge which was capable of stabilizing a liquid organic substrate and of producing floc which was characteristic of activated sludge. Wattie (1942) and Heukelekian and Littman (1939) were also successful in isolating Z. ramigera from activated sludge. Although efforts were made to isolate other floc-producing bacteria, none were found. As a result of these studies, Z. ramigera was accepted as the predominant bacteria in activated sludge being responsible for both the stabilization of the organic matter and the production of floc. Isolation of floc-producing bacteria other than Z. ramigera was made by McKinney and Horwood (1952). They isolated five additional floc-producing bacteria from activated sludge. These organisms were not only capable of floc production but also of stabilizing the organic matter. It is the purpose of this paper to report on further work in the isolation of floc-producing bacteria from activated sludge.
Albatrellus citrinus sp. nov., connected to Picea abies on lime rich soils.

Field observations indicated that a morphotype of Albatrellus subrubescens seemed connected to Picea abies and lime rich soils, while the original morphotype seemed connected with Pinus sylvestris and indifferent to lime. We conducted a molecular study (ITS sequencing of 22 Albatrellus specimens) to test the hypothesis that we in fact had discovered a new species. Our results confirmed the hypothesis, i.e. the Picea taxon (604 bp ITS) had little intraspecific variation in spite of 1600 km distance between samples, but compared with the Pinus taxon (598 bp ITS) the sequence difference was constantly 5.6% regardless of close distance (75 km). We describe the new species A. citrinus, which apart from ecology and ITS sequence, is different from A. subrubescens by a distinct yellowing with age, lack of dark spots of the cap, a mild taste and somewhat narrower spores. A. citrinus seems to be more related to A. ovinus than to A. subrubescens, and A. syringae may not even be a true Albatrellus.
Pathogens in Early-Onset and Late-Onset Intensive Care Unit–Acquired Pneumonia

Objectives. To compare the type of pathogens isolated from patients with early-onset intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired pneumonia with those isolated from patients with late-onset ICU-acquired pneumonia and to study risk factors for the isolation of pathogens that are potentially resistant to multiple drugs. Design. Prospective cohort study. Setting. Patients admitted to the ICU of a 677-bed, university-affiliated teaching hospital in Belgium during 1997-2002. Methods. ICU-acquired pneumonia was defined as a case of pneumonia that occurred 2 days or more after admission to the ICU in combination with a positive results of radiologic analysis, clinical signs and symptoms, and a positive culture result. All cases of pneumonia were categorized as either early onset (within 7 days after admission) and late onset (7 days or more after admission), with or without previous antibiotic treatment, and the corresponding pathogens were analyzed. Risk factors for the isolation of pathogens potentially resistant to multiple drugs (ie, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter species, Morganella morganii, methicillin-resistant Stapylococcus aureus, Citrobacter species, Acinetobacter species, Burkholderia species, extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing pathogens, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results. A total of 4,200 patients stayed at the ICU for 2 or more days, 298 of whom developed ICU-acquired pneumonia, for an overall incidence of 13 cases (95% confidence interval [CI], 11-14 cases) per 1,000 ICU-days. Pathogens potentially resistant to multiple drugs were isolated from 52% of patients with early-onset pneumonia. Risk factors for the isolation of these pathogens were greater age and previous receipt of antibiotic prophylaxis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.6 [95% CI, 1.6-13.0]) or antibiotic therapy (aOR, 8.2 [95% CI, 2.8-23.8]). The length of ICU admission and hospital stay were weaker risk factors for the isolation of these pathogens. Conclusions. Pathogens potentially resistant to multiple drugs were isolated in 52% of cases of early-onset ICU-acquired pneumonia. Previous antibiotic use (both prophylactic and therapeutic) is the main risk factor for the isolation of these pathogens.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Counselor Supervisor Self-Efficacy Scale

Counselor supervision is an integral component in the development of counselors. While counseling and supervision share some similarities, they are distinct competencies that develop separately and therefore must be measured separately. The belief that one can perform the tasks associated with a particular role is conceptualized as self-efficacy, so supervisor self-efficacy requires its own scale to be measured appropriately. A descriptive correlational survey research design was used to examine the six factor structure of the Counselor Supervisor Self-Efficacy Scale (CSSES). Two hundred and five counselor supervisors completed the CSSES, an impression management scale, and a demographic survey. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to determine the goodness-of-fit of the six-factor model, and exploratory factor analysis was used to identify alternative factor structures for the CSSES. Results did not support five-, six-, seven-, or eight-factor models, but may provide evidence for a single underlying factor. Findings, limitations, implications for counseling, and areas for future research are also presented and discussed.
Susceptibility of Genera and Cultivars of Turfgrass to Southern Chinch Bug Blissus insularis (Hemiptera: Blissidae)

ABSTRACT The southern chinch bug (Blissus insularis Barber) is the most damaging insect pest of St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum Walt. Kuntze), across the southern U.S.A. Susceptibility to the southern chinch bug and reproductive potential of the bugs on 24 cultivars from 7 genera in 8 turfgrasses were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Stenotaphrum secundatum (‘Raleigh’, ‘Texas Common’, and ‘Captiva’) cultivars were the most susceptible among all the turfgrass genera and each produced populations ≥97.5 bugs per 15-cm diameter plant within the 11-week test period from Jul to Sep 2008. Substantial populations also developed on zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) (‘Emerald’, ‘Empire’, ‘Palisades’, and ‘Zorro’) cultivars and on ‘609’ buffalograss (Buchloë dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. ). Low population development was recorded on cultivars of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. ), seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz), bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.).
Bangsawan: A Social and Stylistic History of Popular Malay Opera

Bangsawan--the first popular urban commercial theatre in Malaysia--emerged in the late nineteenth century as an adaptation of the Parsi theatre of India which toured Malaya. This book traces stylistic changes of Bangsawan from the late nineteenth century to the 1980s, linking these changes to socio-political transformations in Malaysian society.
Histopathological aspects of cardiovascular lesions in Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the commonest vasculitic syndrome. It affects medium‐sized arteries, principally the coronary arteries. Histologically, coronary arteritis begins at 6 to 8 days after the onset of KD and the inflammation rapidly involves all layers of the artery. This results in severe damage to the structural components of the artery leading to arterial dilation. The inflammatory infiltrate in KD arteritis is characterized predominantly by infiltration of monocytes and macrophages. Activated neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages are believed to be involved in the initial stage of coronary arteritis. Inflammatory cell infiltration may continue for up to 25 days of disease following which the inflammatory cells gradually decline in number. Inflammatory lesions in the arteries are relatively synchronous as they evolve from an acute to the chronic stage. If a giant aneurysm remains or vessel recanalization occurs after thrombotic occlusion of an aneurysm, the remodeling of vascular structures may continue for a much longer time.
An inter-familial outbreak of Yersinia enterocolitica enteritis.

Abstract An outbreak of Yersinia enterocolitica enteritis involved 16 of 21 persons in four related and neighboring families. The illness, which led to two appendectomies and two deaths, was characterized by fever (87 per cent), diarrhea (69 per cent), severe abdominal pain (62 per cent), vomiting (56 per cent), pharyngitis (31 per cent), headache (18 per cent) and leukocytosis. Four children had acute depression of serum albumin, with spontaneous recovery to normal levels after hospitalization. One child demonstrated an elevated total IgM antibody level. Serologic studies of 18 members of the families all demonstrated a positive response by the passive hemagglutination test. Eight persons had diagnostically important titers of 1:512 or greater, and all had symptomatic illness. The source of infection was suggested to have been a bitch and its litter of sick puppies. The sequential onset of disease indicated that, once it had been introduced into the households, person-to-person transmission had occurred.
Prevalence of Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus and Avian Polyomavirus in Captivity Psittacines from Costa Rica

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) and avian polyomavirus (APV) are the most common viral diseases in psittacine birds, both affecting feathers and physical appearance of birds. Between 2005 and 2009, a total of 269 samples were collected from birds presented at veterinary clinics, shelters and rescue centers of wildlife in Costa Rica. They belonged to 19 species of psittacine birds. The most representative species in the sample were Ara macao (157), Ara ambigua (37), Amazona autumnalis (24), Amazon ochrocephala (21) and Ara ararauna (8). A prevalence of 19.7% (53/269) for PBFDV and 4.8% (13/269) for APV was determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In 3.3% (9/269) of the birds mixed infections were detected. Statistical analysis determined that psittacines living in shelters and rescue centers had a greater risk to be positive to PBFDV and APV than birds that were presented at veterinary clinics, while only for PBFDV it was determined, that it is more likely to detect it in feathers than in blood. Finally, birds infected with PBFDV had 6.24 times more probability to become infected with APV, than non-infected birds. This is the first report of prevalence of PBFDV and APV in captive psittacines from Costa Rica.
Output feedback Hinfinity control of continuous-time infinite Markovian jump linear systems via LMI methods

The output feedback H∞ control is addressed for a class of continuous-time Markov jump linear systems with the Markov process taking values in an infinite countable set S. We consider that only an output and the jump parameters are available to the controller. Via a certain bounded real lemma, together with some extensions of Schur complements and of the projection lemma, a theorem which characterizes whether there exists a full-order solution to the disturbance attenuation problem is devised in terms of two different linear matrix inequality (LMI) feasibility problems. This result connects a certain projection approach to an LMI problem which is more amenable to computer solution, and hence for design. We conclude the paper with some algorithms for the construction of such controllers and an illustrative example.
The TY3 Gag3 Spacer Controls Intracellular Condensation and Uncoating

ABSTRACT Cells expressing the yeast retrotransposon Ty3 form concentrated foci of Ty3 proteins and RNA within which virus-like particle (VLP) assembly occurs. Gag3, the major structural protein of the Ty3 retrotransposon, is composed of capsid (CA), spacer (SP), and nucleocapsid (NC) domains analogous to retroviral domains. Unlike the known SP domains of retroviruses, Ty3 SP is highly acidic. The current studies investigated the role of this domain. Although deletion of Ty3 SP dramatically reduced retrotransposition, significant Gag3 processing and cDNA synthesis occurred. Mutations that interfered with cleavage at the SP-NC junction disrupted CA-SP processing, cDNA synthesis, and electron-dense core formation. Mutations that interfered with cleavage of CA-SP allowed cleavage of the SP-NC junction, production of electron-dense cores, and cDNA synthesis but blocked retrotransposition. A mutant in which acidic residues of SP were replaced with alanine failed to form both Gag3 foci and VLPs. We propose a speculative “spring” model for Gag3 during assembly. In the first phase during concentration of Gag3 into foci, intramolecular interactions between negatively charged SP and positively charged NC domains of Gag3 limit multimerization. In the second phase, the NC domain binds RNA, and the bound form is stabilized by intermolecular interactions with the SP domain. These interactions promote CA domain multimerization. In the third phase, a negatively charged SP domain destabilizes the remaining CA-SP shell for cDNA release.
Treatment of Retained Fetal Membranes: Comparison of the Postpartum Period after Routine Treatment or Routine Treatment Including an Additional Phytotherapeutic Substance in Dairy Cattle in Switzerland

Background: The therapy of retained fetal membranes (RFM) is a controversial subject. In Switzerland, intrauterine antibiotics are routinely administered although their effect on fertility parameters is questionable. The objective of this study was to compare the post-partal period after a routine treatment of RFM in 2 groups: one group received a placebo additionally (A), whereas the other group received a phytotherapeutic substance (lime bark) (B) additionally. The routine treatment of RFM included an attempt to manually remove the fetal membranes (for a maximum of 5 min), intramuscular administration of oxytetracycline and intrauterine treatment with tetracycline. In case of an elevated rectal temperature (>39.0°C), an additional non-steroidal inflam-matory drug was allowed. Methods: Cows undergoing caesarean section, suffering from prolapse of the uterus, deep cervical or vaginal injuries, hypocalcaemia, and illnesses during the last 14 days before calving were excluded. Cows had to be more than 265 days pregnant. Only cows that were artificially inseminated after RFM were included. Group stratification was done according to the last number on the ear tag (even/uneven) with (n = 50) cows in group A and (n = 55) cows in group B. Results: The number of treatments after the initial treatment of RFM was not significantly different between groups. The median interval from calving to the first insemination was 77 days in group A compared to 82 days in group B (p = 0.72). The number of AI’s until conception was not significantly different between groups. The median number of days open was 89 days in group A compared to 96 days in group B (p = 0.57). The culling rate was not significantly different between groups. Conclusion: There was neither a difference between the groups concerning therapies within the first 50 days after RFM nor concerning the subsequent fertility variables.
A New Type of Construction Evidenced by Ship 17 of Thonis‐Heracleion

Ship 17 is the first of 63 vessels from the submerged city of Thonis‐Heracleion in Egypt to have been excavated. The peculiar constructional features of this ship, which dates to the Late Period (722–332 BC), allow us to argue for a previously undocumented type of construction that finds parallels in Herodotus' description of a Nilotic freighter known as a baris (History, 2.96, c.450 BC). The aim of this article is to outline the main characteristics and the possible sequence of construction of Ship 17.
On connectivity preservation in mobile wireless multi-agent/node mesh networks

The paper considers the development of a mission planning system for a so-called `non-cooperative' multi-agent network. The network comprises two classes of agent: primary mission agents and relay agents. The primary mission agents have predefined tasks to execute and operate autonomously within the field of operation. Although these agents operate independently, from a mission planning perspective the base station is required to maintain contact. In order to ensure this, relay agents are employed under the direct command of the base station with the objective of maintaining connectivity. This paper proposes an architecture to control the relay agents in such a way that connectivity, as measured in terms of the Fiedler eigenvalue, is maximized subject to the cost of moving the relay agents. A model predictive control-like layer is used to generate a set of way-points to position the relay agents at specific places at specific instances of time to maximize connectivity. These way-points are then converted into continuous time paths for the relay agents to follow. A low level sliding mode controller implemented on each relay agent ensures that the proposed path is followed in a robust fashion.