Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geological features of the northeastern Canadian Arctic margin (Canada) revealed from analysis of potential field data

The northeastern Canadian Arctic margin is bordered to the north by Alpha Ridge, a dominantly magmatic complex within the Amerasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean, which forms part of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). The characteristics of the gravity and magnetic anomaly fields change notably along the Arctic margin, with two main segments recognised. Aeromagnetic and gravity data in the transition zone between these contrasting domains of the Canadian Arctic margin are analysed here in detail. Results obtained using a variety of edge enhancement (derivative) methods highlight several magnetic domains and a major offshore sedimentary basin as well as some known and a number of previously unknown tectonic and magmatic elements. A magmatic intrusion distribution map derived from the edge enhanced magnetic anomaly maps reveals that magmatic rocks are much more widespread in the relatively shallow subsurface than implied by surface geological mapping. Magmatic intrusions (mainly dykes) and other geological structures have NW-SE, NE-SW and N-S major trends. Broad gravity and pseudogravity lows across most of the Sverdrup Basin region are due to thick, less dense sedimentary succession and low magnetised crust. Magnetic and pseudogravity highs observed over Alpha Ridge indicate high crustal magnetisation associated with the occurrence of extensive and voluminous crustal magmatic bodies. Absence of these volcanic and intrusive rocks in the imaged sedimentary basin beneath the northeast Canadian Arctic margin region suggests that the basin probably formed after the cessation of HALIP magmatism.
Role of endoscopic DCR with stenting in cases of presaccal obstruction: a prospective study

Aims: management of epiphora due to presaccal obstruction in lacrimal drainage sys-tem has always been difficult. Different surgi-cal procedures have been tried in past for the same with varying results. We here present our experience of management of all patients with presaccal obstruction by a single stand-ard surgical technique. Material &methods: it is a prospective study comprising of 32 cases (34 eyes) presenting in our institute from January 2008 to December 2013. Among them 10 patients were males and 22 were females of which two under-went surgery for both eyes. The age of pa-tients ranged from 6 to 80 years. The location of obstruction was distal canalicu-lar in 28 eyes, mid canalicular 3 eyes, proximal lower canalicular blockage in 1 eye and 2 eyes had acquired punctal stenosis. All cases under-went endoscopic DCR with bicanalicular silicone stent placement. The mean follow up period after stent removal was approximately 13 months. Results: The success rate of primary surgery was 88% where as the success rate following second surgery was 94%. Conclusion: Owing to the success rate of our series we would like to state that endoscopic DCR with probing and bi-canalicular silicone stent intubation should be considered as an ini-tial treatment modality for patients with epiphora due to presaccal obstruction.
Job polarization on local labor markets

"The labor markets of most industrialized countries are polarized. This means that employment has grown in jobs at the upper and lower tails of the wage distribution, while employment in the middle part of the distribution has stagnated or declined. However, there exists no measure that allows a quantitative comparison across different labor markets as yet. I propose a straightforward way to measure the actual magnitude of job polarization. To demonstrate its application, I use this measure to compare polarization across German local labor markets. Job polarization almost exclusively occurs in urban areas where the hypothesis of routine biased technological change is most likely to prevail. " (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Collisionless microinstabilities in stellarators. III. The ion-temperature-gradient mode

We investigate the linear theory of the ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) mode, with the goal of developing a general understanding that may be applied to stellarators. We highlight the Wendelstein 7X (W7-X) device. Simple fluid and kinetic models that follow closely from existing literature are reviewed and two new first-principle models are presented and compared with results from direct numerical simulation. One model investigates the effect of regions of strong localized shear, which are generic to stellarator equilibria. These “shear spikes” are found to have a potentially significant stabilizing affect on the mode; however, the effect is strongest at short wavelengths perpendicular to the magnetic field, and it is found to be significant only for the fastest growing modes in W7-X. A second model investigates the long-wavelength limit for the case of negligible global magnetic shear. The analytic calculation reveals that the effect of the curvature drive enters at second order in the drift frequency, co.
Influence of salicylic acid on growth and some biochemical parameters in a C 4 plant ( Panicum miliaceum L.) under saline conditions

Salt stress is considered as a restricting factor for plant products. Therefore, many compounds were applied to minimize the harmful effects of this stress. In this study, millet plants (Isfahan cultivar) were sprayed with 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 mM salicylic acid and then treated with 0, 150, 225 and 325 mM NaCl. Our results show that in plants not sprayed with salicylic acid but treated with NaCl, shoot length, wet weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and free proline content of root significantly decreased but malondialdehyde and free proline content of leaves significantly increased. But in plants pretreated with salicylic acid, reduction in these parameters were moderate and 0.1 and 0.3 mM salicylic acid had better effect on these parameter. Therefore, we conclude that some concentration of salicylic acid could decrease harmful effects of NaCl in this plant. Key words: Millet, NaCl, salicylic acid, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA).
Empirical Studies of Trade Marks: The Existing Economic Literature

This paper surveys empirical studies employing trade mark data that exist in the economic literature to date. Section 1) documents the use of trade marks by firms in several advanced countries including Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States, 2) reviews different attempts to gauge the function of a trade mark as indicator of innovation and product differentiation, and 3) provides an overview of the association of trade marks with dimensions of firm performance and productivity. Sections 4) and 5) give accounts of studies that focus on the social costs and value of trade marks, namely their importance for firm survival, their impact on demand, and firms' incentives to innovate but also to raise rivals' costs. Section 6) covers first endeavours to investigate the interplay between different types of intellectual property rights, while 7) briefly concludes.
The role of spatial potential fluctuations in the shape of the PL bands of multinary semiconductor compounds

Photoluminescence (PL) measurements of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (x = 0.5) single crystals grown by the vertical Bridgmann technique were made at temperatures ranging from 11 K to 200 K and with various excitation powers. At low temperatures only one asymmetric PL band (BT-band) is present at 1.23 eV. It has a steeper decline on the high-energy side and nearly temperature independent low-energy side. At higher temperatures (T > 140 K) the BB-band becomes visible at 1.31 eV. We used an asymmetric double sigmoidal function to fit the experimental PL spectra. The results of this fitting can be interpreted to show the presence of spatial potential fluctuations in our samples. Observed dependencies would seem to reveal that the BT band is indeed connected with the recombination of a free electron with a localized hole. It is shown that these relatively deep localized states are probably formed due to potential fluctuations in highly compensated material and are not connected with any particular acceptor defect. We show that this model conforms to most of the discovered dependencies.
A Progress Report on the Rhenen Industry (Central Netherlands) and its Stratigraphical Context

In this paper a preliminary review is given of what is currently known about the stratigraphical context of the Rhenen industry. The Rhenen industry comprises Middle Palaeolithic finds from gravelly river-laid deposits in the central Netherlands. It is suggested that most of these finds date from only one interstadial of the Early Saalian, which possibly can be correlated with the Hoogeveen Interstadial. However, there are indications that part of the finds are older, perhaps dating from the Holsteinian.
To What Degree do Retail Electricity Prices Inform Residential Solar Energy Investment Decisions

The relationship between electricity price and household solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption has not been thoroughly studied. How much would a carbon tax, and increase in electricity price, spur growth in residential solar? This paper adds to the literature with a utility-level panel analysis. Consumer choice provides the framework for the empirical models. I use electricity price and net metered solar PV capacity data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Through a variety of specifications, I control for both utility and state-year effects. My findings suggest that electricity price is significantly positively correlated with solar adoption, with an estimated price elasticity of 1.85. These results are limited by endogeneity bias. Acknowledgements: I would first like to thank my advisor, Professor Sarah West, for being both an incredible support system and an inspiration in the field of environmental economics. Thank you to my readers, Christie Manning and Gary Krueger, for their expert advice and direction, my fellow Honors students, for their encouragement and ideas, and my Economics professors and fellow alums, for their advice and teaching throughout the last four years.
Environmental Harshness and Unpredictability, Life History, and Social and Academic Behavior of Adolescents in Nine Countries

Safety is essential for life. To survive, humans and other animals have developed sets of psychological and physiological adaptations known as life history (LH) tradeoff strategies in response to various safety constraints. Evolutionarily selected LH strategies in turn regulate development and behavior to optimize survival under prevailing safety conditions. The present study tested LH hypotheses concerning safety based on a 6-year longitudinal sample of 1,245 adolescents and their parents from 9 countries. The results revealed that, invariant across countries, environmental harshness, and unpredictability (lack of safety) was negatively associated with slow LH behavioral profile, measured 2 years later, and slow LH behavioral profile was negatively and positively associated with externalizing behavior and academic performance, respectively, as measured an additional 2 years later. These results support the evolutionary conception that human development responds to environmental safety cues through LH regulation of social and learning behaviors.
Academic Self-Efficacy and Prospective ELT Teachers' Achievement.

This study aims to scrutinize the possible relationship between academic self-efficacy beliefs and foreign language achievement among prospective ELT teachers. To do so, the data for the study were collected through a questionnaire, College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale adapted from Owen & Froman (1988), consisting of 33 items measuring male and female ELT students’ Academic Self-Efficacy Beliefs as a whole. The scale is a 5-point Likert scale ranging from ‘very little’ (1) ‘quite a lot’ (5). The reliability was found r= . 827. In this study it has been observed that there is statistically a significant relationship between academic self-efficacy beliefs and prospective ELT teachers’ achievement among male and female groups.
The analysis of chemical engineering process plants and their models represented by networks

Chemical process plants can be interpreted as networks where energy mass and momentum are exchanged. Therefore, they can be represented as such using graph theory. This work presents a decomposition methodology that allows to conceptually deconstruct chemical process plants and their models to be represented by networks. By the selection of minimum constituent units of the plant, it is possible to describe the interdependencies among those minimum units. This procedure allows the correct representation of process plants as networks along with a detailed analysis of them. Using network metrics such as centrality measures, it was possible to analyze, as an example, the HDA process plant under two selected plantwide control strategies, allowing the identification of its more important units and controllers. This permitted an insight of how plantwide control strategies responded to perturbations from a qualitative point of view. It was also possible to establish the main coincidences and discrepancies between the selected plantwide control strategies.
Hanoi's Ancient Quarter Traders: Resilient Livelihoods in a Rapidly Transforming City

Within the rapidly transforming city of Hanoi, Vietnam's capital, lies the Ancient Quarter, home to a broad array of small entrepreneurs and traders since the 13th century. Utilising a longitudinal study approach, supported by a livelihoods framework, this paper investigates the impacts of both historical political and economic policies and current market economic reforms on Ancient Quarter trader livelihoods. Drawing on oral histories with elderly residents and interviews with current traders, it analyses the influence of French colonial rule and the First Indochina War, before turning to ascertain the consequences of the socialist period and the Second Indochina War. By doing so, the paper reveals the diverse livelihood strategies that traders have put in place to survive through these turbulent times.
Reproductive activity of gilts with prolonged preinsemination anoestrus after hormonal treatment

Due to the prolonged preinsemination anoestrus (the sings of oestrus were not found even after eight months of age) 25 to 40% of gilts are culled on the farms in Vojvodina. The question is if those gilts did not reach puberty at all or if it was the result of an inadequate technology in oestrus detection. Concerning this issue, a morphological examination of the genital organs of 175 gilts, in which oestrus was not detected during the first 8 to 9 months of age, was carried out. The average age of these gilts was, at sacrifice, 267 days (242 to 278 days). In further research, the treatment of delayed puberty gilts and control gilts was carried out with hormone preparations from the progestin group (Regumate, Altrenogest) or placental gonadotropin (PMSG - 'Folligon'). Based on examination of the gilts' genital organs, in which oestrus was not detected even after 8 months of age, it was established that 38.9% of those gilts did not reach sexual maturity at all, i.e. did not have cyclic ovarian activity. With the other 61.1% of the examined gilts, the puberty ovarian cyclicity was established, as their ovaries had the functional structures (preovulatary follicles, corpora hemorrhagica, corpora lutea and corpora albicantia). Thus, one oestrus cycle was reached by 57.9% while two oestrous cycles were reached by 42.1% out of the total number of sexually mature gilts. A high degree of oestrous reaction (80%), a high farrowing rate (87.5%) and a satisfactory average number of live-born piglets per litter were established in the delayed puberty gilts treated with the Regumate preparation. The obtained results distinctly show that a great number of gilts reached the puberty cyclic ovarian activity while the absence of oestrus detection was the result of inadequate technology in oestrus detection on farms.
Differential expression of DLG1 as a common trait in different human diseases: an encouraging issue in molecular pathology

Abstract Human disc large (DLG1) is a scaffolding protein that through the interaction with diverse cell partners participates in the control of key cellular processes such as polarity, proliferation and migration. Experimental data have mainly identified DLG1 as a tumor suppressor. An outstanding point for DLG1 protein is that altered DLG1 expression and DLG1 gene mutations were observed in different pathologies, including cancer and neurological and immunological disorders. Evident changes in DLG1 abundance and/or cell localization were identified in a number of studies suggesting its participation in molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of such illnesses. In this review, we focus on some of the latest findings regarding DLG1 alterations in different diseases as well as its potential use as a biomarker for pathological progression. We further address the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms regulating DLG1 expression and the posttranslational modifications that may affect DLG1 cell localization and functions. Despite the advances in this field, there are still open questions about the precise molecular link between alterations in DLG1 expression and the development of each specific pathology. The complete understanding of this concern will give us new scenarios for the design of promising diagnosis and therapeutic tools.
The mirror mode: a “superconducting” space plasma analogue

Abstract. We examine the physics of the magnetic mirror mode in its final state of saturation, the thermodynamic equilibrium, to demonstrate that the mirror mode is the analogue of a superconducting effect in a classical anisotropic-pressure space plasma. Two different spatial scales are identified which control the behaviour of its evolution. These are the ion inertial scale λim(τ) based on the excess density Nm(τ) generated in the mirror mode, and the Debye scale λD(τ). The Debye length plays the role of the correlation length in superconductivity. Their dependence on the temperature ratio τ=T‖/T⟂<1 is given, with T⟂ the reference temperature at the critical magnetic field. The mirror-mode equilibrium structure under saturation is determined by the Landau–Ginzburg ratio κD=λim/λD, or κρ=λim/ρ, depending on whether the Debye length or the thermal-ion gyroradius ρ – or possibly also an undefined turbulent correlation length ℓturb – serve as correlation lengths. Since in all space plasmas κD≫1, plasmas with λD as the relevant correlation length always behave like type II superconductors, naturally giving rise to chains of local depletions of the magnetic field of the kind observed in the mirror mode. In this way they would provide the plasma with a short-scale magnetic bubble texture. The problem becomes more subtle when ρ is taken as correlation length. In this case the evolution of mirror modes is more restricted. Their existence as chains or trains of larger-scale mirror bubbles implies that another threshold, VA>υ⟂th, is exceeded. Finally, in case the correlation length ℓturb instead results from low-frequency magnetic/magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, the observation of mirror bubbles and the measurement of their spatial scales sets an upper limit on the turbulent correlation length. This might be important in the study of magnetic turbulence in plasmas.
Narrow band UVB therapy versus tazarotene and narrow band UVB combination therapy in psoriasis: a comparative study

Background: Narrow band UVB phototherapy (NBUVB) is considered one of the most effective therapeutic modalities for patients with psoriasis. The long term side effects of narrowband UVB therapy have not been fully documented. There has been a great deal of interest in photo combination therapies that are capable of both reducing cumulative UVB doses and accelerating resolution of skin lesions. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of NBUVB plus tazarotene combination therapy with NBUVB mono therapy. Methods: Forty patients with chronic plaque type psoriasis were taken up for the study and were randomly divided into two groups of 20 each. One group was treated with thrice-weekly NBUVB phototherapy and the other group received NBUVB phototherapy thrice weekly in addition to topical tazarotene once daily at bed time. Results: In the tazarotene combination group, the reduction in PASI score was more rapid. The duration of treatment and the mean cumulative dose of NBUVB was lesser in the tazarotene combination group. Irritation due to tazarotene was mild and combination of tazarotene with NBUVB was well tolerated. Conclusions: We concluded that combination of tazarotene with NBUVB was well tolerated and was significantly more effective than NBUVB phototherapy alone.
How Does Venture Capital Financing Improve Efficiency in Private Firms? A Look Beneath the Surface

Using a unique sample from the Longitudinal Research Database (LRD) of the U.S. Census Bureau, we study several related questions regarding the efficiency gains generated by venture capital (VC) investment in private firms. First, does VC backing improve the efficiency (total factor productivity, TFP) of private firms, and are certain kinds of VCs (higher reputation versus lower reputation) better at generating such efficiency gains than others? Second, how are such efficiency gains generated: Do venture capitalists invest in more efficient firms to begin with (screening) or do they improve efficiency after investment (monitoring)? Third, how are these efficiency gains spread out over rounds subsequent to VC investment? Fourth, what are the channels through which such efficiency gains are generated: increases in product market performance (sales) or reductions in various costs (labor, materials, total production costs)? Finally, how do such efficiency gains affect the probability of a successful exit (IPO or acquisition)? Our main findings are as follows. First, the overall efficiency of VC backed firms is higher than that of non-VC backed firms. Second, this efficiency advantage of VC backed firms arises from both screening and monitoring: the efficiency of VC backed firms prior to receiving financing is higher than that of non-VC backed firms and further, the growth in efficiency subsequent to receiving VC financing is greater for such firms relative to non-VC backed firms. Third, the above increase in efficiency of VC backed firms relative to non-VC backed firms increases over the first two rounds of VC financing, and remains at the higher level till exit. Fourth, while the TFP of firms prior to VC financing is lower for higher reputation VC backed firms, the increase in TFP subsequent to financing is significantly higher for the former firms, consistent with higher reputation VCs having greater monitoring ability. Fifth, the efficiency gains generated by VC backing arise primarily from improvement in product market performance (sales); however for higher reputation VCs, the additional efficiency gains arise from both an additional improvement in product market performance as well as from reductions in various input costs. Finally, both the level of TFP of VC backed firms prior to receiving financing and the growth in TFP subsequent to VC financing positively affect the probability of a successful exit (IPO or acquisition).
Measuring the Impacts of Organizational Responses: Case of Northern Cyprus Hotels

Today, businesses are operating in a global economy, markets are characterized by hypercompetition and businesses must adapt themselves to the empowered consumer. Companies need to focus on customer needs and wants, quality and customer retention through correcting mistakes. This study aims to measure the effects of apology, redress, explanation, attentiveness and promptness on complainant satisfaction, repurchase intentions and word of mouth communication through the use of a sample of Turkish customers, accommodated in three, four, and five star hotels in Northern Cyprus. Implications for managers, limitations, and implications for future research are presented in the following sections of the study.