Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students' satisfaction with their host city: case of Jelgava, Latvia

Satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the university city can influence the student’s decision to continue to build his/her life in the city, to return to the previous place of residence or move to live elsewhere. Thus, it also influences the future development of the university city, as educated inhabitants are an important resource for further development of the city. In order to examine students’ satisfaction with life in their host city the research was carried out at the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, which is located in Jelgava, the fourth biggest city of Latvia. In questionnaire survey students were asked to evaluate their satisfaction with overall life in the city, their current accommodation and various city’s social, infrastructure and environmental attributes as well as evaluate their sense of belonging to Jelgava city. The results revealed that overall satisfaction with life in Jelgava was rather average among students and lower compared with permanent inhabitants of Jelgava and the key drivers of students’ overall satisfaction with life in the city were the sense of belonging, satisfaction with current housing, educational facilities, noise level and cultural facilities. The highest level of satisfaction was with such attributes as educational facilities, green spaces, cleanliness, availability of retail shops, cultural facilities, public spaces and sports facilities, while moderate satisfaction was observed with the quality of the air, safety, the state of the streets and buildings and the noise level. At the same time the lowest satisfaction was observed with public transport, job opportunities and healthcare services. Half of the respondents felt belongingness to Jelgava and this sense was influenced by the students’ age, housing tenure and duration in the current residence. More than half of students expressed satisfaction with their residence and the most satisfied were the students, who lived in private houses, while the students from dormitories were the least satisfied with their housing conditions.
The effect of supercritical fluid extraction parameters on the Swietenia mahagoni seed oil extraction and its cytotoxic properties

In this study, the influence of supercritical extraction parameter on the oil extraction of Mahogany ( Swietenia mahagoni ) was investigated. Supercritical extraction was carried out using the operation pressures of 20, 25 and 30 MPa, and temperature was varied in 40, 50 and 60°C. The parameter used for CO 2 flow rate was constant, 2 mL/min, with extraction time of 180 min by using matrix particle size of 0.75 mm. Then, the extracted oils were tested for cytotoxic activity and properties. MTT assay was used as in vitro study to investigate the cytotoxic properties of the extracted on human fibroblast cells (HSF 1184). The study reveals that the extraction yield depends on the pressure and temperature. There is a significant difference of 40, 50 and 60°C at different pressures, whereby increasing pressure leads to significant increase extraction yields. MTT assay results indicate that all the extracts under different extraction parameters are non-cytotoxic. The results confirmed that supercritical extraction could be a promising technique to produce high quality botanicals extracts, free of solvent and non-cytotoxic with significant cost savings.
The Influence Of Market Orientation On The Choice Of A Shipping Line By Fruit Exporters Of Refrigerated Cargo In Kenya

In the last few years, firms within the shipping business have transitioned from ahomogenous service business towards a heterogeneous market characterized by an increasein number of shipping firms, value offerings, well informed customer, rapid changes incustomer taste and preferences. The motivation of the study was to determine the influenceof market orientation on the choice of a shipping line by fruit exporters of refrigeratedcargo in Kenya. The study population consists of all the 39 fruit exporters of refrigeratedcargo as listed on the Fresh Produce Association of Kenya Website. A cross sectionaldescriptive survey was used. A questionnaire was developed to assist in collecting primarydata, while secondary data were obtained from renowned authors in the field of marketing.Analysis of data was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The influence ofMarket orientation was measured using a construct developed by Narver and Slater’s(1990), customized for the shipping industry. The results reveal that Market orientationwas depicted by more emphasis on inter functional co-ordination compared to bothcustomer orientation and competitor orientation. Limitations encountered during research.The descriptive cross sectional research design could not measure changes inorganizational culture over time, the study was limited to a single industry put constraintson generalizing of the results. It was recommended that all studies done in future shouldadopt longitudinal research design to evaluate changes in organizational culture and theirinfluence on performance over time. Further, to capture representative view of industry,future studies need to use multiple informant approach.
Ultrastructural immunocytochemical evidence for actin in the acrosomal complex during spermiogenesis of the lizard Tropidurus itambere (Rodrigues, 1987) (Reptilia: Tropiduridae)

Abstract During spermiogenesis of the lizard Tropidurus itambere early developmental stages of the acrosomal complex have been analysed and new suggestions made as to their origin. Actin has been detected in the acrosomal granule and pro-acrosomal vesicle of spermatid, using an antibody for α-smooth muscle actin (monoclonal α-SMA). Intense marking also identified actin in two regions of the acrosomal complex; the subacrosomal cone and the perforatorium. The acrosomal and subacrosomal granules appear to participate to the formation of the perforatorium, while the pro-acrosomal vesicle is responsible for the formation of the subacrosomal cone. The results therefore endorse the view that, in lizards, the perforatorium and subacrosomal cone are homologous, in composition and probably also in function.
AERIAL IMAGES FROM AN UAV SYSTEM: 3D MODELING AND TREE SPECIES CLASSIFICATION IN A PARK AREA

The use of aerial imagery acquired by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is scheduled within the FoGLIE project (Fruition of Goods Landscape in Interactive Environment): it starts from the need to enhance the natural, artistic and cultural heritage, to produce a better usability of it by employing audiovisual movable systems of 3D reconstruction and to improve monitoring procedures, by using new media for integrating the fruition phase with the preservation ones. The pilot project focus on a test area, Parco Adda Nord, which encloses various goods' types (small buildings, agricultural fields and different tree species and bushes). Multispectral high resolution images were taken by two digital compact cameras: a Pentax Optio A40 for RGB photos and a Sigma DP1 modified to acquire the NIR band. Then, some tests were performed in order to analyze the UAV images' quality with both photogrammetric and photo-interpretation purposes, to validate the vector-sensor system, the image block geometry and to study the feasibility of tree species classification. Many pre-signalized Control Points were surveyed through GPS to allow accuracy analysis. Aerial Triangulations (ATs) were carried out with photogrammetric commercial software, Leica Photogrammetry Suite (LPS) and PhotoModeler, with manual or automatic selection of Tie Points, to pick out pros and cons of each package in managing non conventional aerial imagery as well as the differences in the modeling approach. Further analysis were done on the differences between the EO parameters and the corresponding data coming from the on board UAV navigation system.
Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis in Lactating Cows and its Public Health Implications in Selected Commercial Dairy Farms of Addis Ababa

A cross sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa from October 2011 to May 2012 to determine prevalence of bovine mastitis and discuss its public health implications. A total of 444 systematically selected lactating cows of different cattle breed from thirty seven (37) dairy farms were investigated. The herds were visited and the farmers interviewed about the management, housing, feed and feeding, and milking conditions. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was applied on milk samples collected from 1776 individual quarters. The overall prevalence of bovine mastitis was 68.0% (302/444) of which sub-clinical mastitis accounted for 46.8% (208/444) while 21.2% (94/444) were found to be clinical forms. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in the prevalence of mastitis among the different breeds, age groups, parity and lactation stage. Relatively higher number of farmers interviewed (20.8%) replied that they do not withhold milk from cows treated for mastitis and continue to avail it to the public without interruption. As it is economically damaging, the need to establish diagnostic facility to enable early detection for screening large number of samples was emphasized. Further work on identification of the causative agents and conducting public awareness creation about major zoonotic diseases were also recommended.
Pathways of Smectite Illitization

Junction probability diagrams show variation in both composition and layer arrangement in mixed-layer clay minerals. These diagrams can represent short-range and long-range ordered, random, and segregated interstratifications. Mineralogical analyses of illite/smectite from shale cuttings, bentonites, and hydrothermally altered tuffs define characteristic reaction pathways through these diagrams. Shale and bentonite analyses fall along pathways joining smectite and illite on diagrams showing nearest-neighbor (R1) layer arrangements. Transition from random to R1-ordered interstratifications occurs in shale samples containing 60–70% illite layers, and in bentonites containing 55–67% illite layers. Analyses of alteration products, however, fall near a line connecting rectorite and illite, which represents the maximum degree of Rl layer ordering. No mineralogical evidence is available to suggest that these alteration samples formed from a smectite precursor. All samples develop next-nearest (R2) and thrice-removed (R3) neighbor ordering along similar pathways. Transition to R2 ordering occurs gradually in samples composed of 65–80% illite layers, and samples containing more than 85% illite layers may show strong R3 ordering.
Experimental Determination of Limit Adhesive Shear Stress between Solid Wall and Liquid

Abstract The slip boundary condition can be a very useful relation when some specific problems of hydromechanics are considered. According to the classical form of this condition, the slip of a fluid with respect to the solid wall should occur even at a very low velocity of motion. However, both theoretical analysis and certain empirical data suggest that there must be a limit value of the wall shear stress, below which the slip does not occur. According to the simplified balance of adhesive and gravitational forces, a simple experimental method for determining this stress has been proposed and applied in this paper.
Correlation ICT-Education and Economic Growth Case of the Arab Economies

The new theory of growth (endogenous growth) shows that information and communication technology (ICT), and the skills of the workforce constitute the main factors of economic growth. In this survey, and after an econometric study on 22 Arab countries between 2000 and 2010, we found that the contributions of these factors are very important when there is a substantial correlation between them. Indeed, a strong economic integration with a high opening rate makes the country disposed to the adoption of technology, due to the fact that a better investment in education improves the skills of the workforce which is a prerequisite condition in the absorption of ICT. The higher the level of the skills is the more the diffused technology is absorbed and used in a profitable way, and the more the objective of growth is achieved.
Strong CH+ J = 1–0 emission and absorption in DR21

We report the first detection of the ground-state rotational transition of the methylidyne cation CH^+ towards the massive star-forming region DR 21 with the HIFI instrument onboard the Herschel satellite. The line profile exhibits a broad emission line, in addition to two deep and broad absorption features associated with the DR 21 molecular ridge and foreground gas. These observations allow us to determine a ^(12)CH^(+)J = 1–0 line frequency of ν = 835 137 ± 3 MHz, in good agreement with a recent experimental determination. We estimate the CH^+ column density to be a few 10^(13) cm^(-2) in the gas seen in emission, and >10^(14) cm^(-2) in the components responsible for the absorption, which is indicative of a high line of sight average abundance [CH^+] /[H] > 1.2 × 10^(-8). We show that the CH^+ column densities agree well with the predictions of state-of-the-art C-shock models in dense UV-illuminated gas for the emission line, and with those of turbulent dissipation models in diffuse gas for the absorption lines.
Multidimensional Nature of Undernutrition: A Statistical Approach

The statistical assessment of undernutrition is usually restricted to a pairwise analysis of anthropometric indicators. The main objective of this study was to model the associations between underweight, stunting and wasting and to check whether multidimensionality of undernutrition can be justified from a purely statistical point of view. 3742 children aged 0 to 59 months were enrolled in a cross-sectional household survey (2004 Cameroon Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)). The saturated loglinear model and the multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) showed no interaction and a highly significant association between underweight and stunting (P=0), underweight and wasting (P=0); but not between stunting and wasting (P=0.430). Cronbach's alpha coefficient between weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height was 0.62 (95% CI 0.59, 0.64). Thus, the study of these associations is not straightforward as it would appear in a first instance. The lack of three-factor interaction and the value of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient indicate that undernutrition is indeed (statistically) multidimensional. The three indicators are not statistically redundant; thus for the case of Cameroon the choice of a particular anthropometric indicator should depend on the goal of the policy maker, as it comes out of this study that no single indicator is to be used for all situations.
Measurement of ambient NH 3 over Bay of Bengal during W_ICARB Campaign

Abstract. Concentrations of ambient NH3, NO, NO2 and SO2 were measured over Bay of Bengal (BoB) during 28 December 2008 to 25 January 2009 to study their diurnal variation and relationship of NH3 with other trace gases over BoB. The measurements were done under the winter phase of Integrated Campaign on Aerosols and Radiation Budget (W_ICARB). For the first time, ambient NH3 was monitored precisely over BoB based on chemiluminescence method, having estimation efficiency more precise than the chemical trap method. The average concentration of ambient NH3, NO, NO2 and SO2 were recorded as 4.78 ± 1.68, 1.89 ± 1.26, 0.31 ± 0.14 and 0.80 ± 0.30 μg m−3, respectively, over BoB. The prominent latitudinal and longitudinal variations of the trace gases were observed over BoB, whereas NH3 and NO showed the non-significant diurnal variation. Results reveal that the concentration of ambient NH3 negatively correlated with ambient NO2 (r2 = −0.56), SO2 (r2 = −0.58) and ambient temperature (r2 = −0.27) during the study.
Feasibility Study of Bolus 5-Fluorouracil+L-Leucovorin as Salvage Line Chemotherapy for Oral Fluorouracil-Resistant Unresectable Gastric Cancer: Hokkaido Gastrointestinal Cancer Study Group Study HGCSG1502

In November 2015 we began a feasibility study of salvage line chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and l-leucovorin given in an intravenous bolus once weekly followed by a 2-week rest period within a 8-week cycle in patients with gastric cancer resistant to other chemotherapies. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of this treatment and determine whether the treatment has an adverse effect on patients’ quality of life. In total, 38 patients with chemotherapy-resistant advanced or recurrent gastric cancer will be recruited to this study. The primary end point is 8-week progression-free survival after the date of first treatment; the major secondary end points are progressionfree survival, overall survival, and quality of life assessed by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 (quality of life score-30) and QLQ-STO22 (quality of life for gastric cancer patients) questionnaires. Based on the results of the study, we will conduct further trials to compare this treatment with best supportive care only.
On the Tate-Shafarevich group of semistable elliptic curves with a rational 3-torsion

where the first map is the direct product of restriction maps for all places p of Q and the second map is the one induced from the inclusion En ↪→ E. Then Sel(n)(E/Q) is known to be finite for any n, and there is an injection from the quotient group E(Q)/nE(Q) into Sel(n)(E/Q). Thus Sel(n)(E/Q) gives an upper bound for the rank of E(Q). Therefore, if rank(E(Q)) is unbounded when E varies over the elliptic curves over Q, then the order of Sel(n)(E/Q) with n fixed can be arbitrarily large. The converse, however, is not necessarily true because of the presence of the Tate–Shafarevich group
Spillover Effects of Institutions on Cooperative Behavior, Preferences and Beliefs

Most institutions are limited in scope. We study experimentally how enforcement institutions affect behavior, preferences, and beliefs beyond their direct influence over the behaviors they control. Groups play two identical public good games, with cooperation institutionally enforced in one game. Institutions generally have economically significant positive spillover effects to the unregulated game. We also observe that institutions enhance conditional cooperation preferences and beliefs about others’ cooperativeness, suggesting that both factors are drivers of observed spillover effects. In additional treatments, we provide evidence for several factors, including characteristics of institutions, that enhance or limit the effectiveness and scope of spillover effects. (JEL C92, D02, D83, D91, H41)
Type 3 Repeats of Thrombospondin-2 Increases Metastasis in Mouse Colorectal Cancer CT-26 Cells

Thrombospondins (TSPs) are secreted multimeric glycoproteins that modulate extracellular matrix structure and cell behaviour. TSPs are involved in platelet aggregation, cell adhesion, migration, angiogenesis, wound healing, and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the function of TSP-2 on the invasion and migration of CT-26, and to determine the domain that is responsible for these functions. The antisense cDNA of TSP-2 was transfected to CT-26 (CT-26/AS-pREP4), which underexpressed TSP-2. Reduction of TSP-2 expression resulted in decreased activity, and decreased expression of the plasminogen/plasmin system. All of which resulted in decreased invasion and migration in vitro. The panels of murine TSP-2 cDNA subunits in CT-26/AS-pREP4 were established. The transfectants containing type 3 repeats domain revealed an increased in vitro invasion and migration, and increased pulmonary metastasis when inoculated into the tail vein of a syngenic mouse. The type 3 repeats domain was both integrin αvβ3 and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase/Akt dependent. These findings may be useful for the development of therapeutic interventions that block either integrin αvβ3 or PI 3-kinase dependent Akt phosphorylation, resulting in the reduction of plasminogen/plasmin system and consequently block cell invasion, migration, and metastatic spread of colon cancer cells.
The Impact of Microfinance Interventions: A Meta-analysis

The evidence base on the impact of microfinance interventions is quite large and is accompanied by a high level of heterogeneity making it difficult to draw a general conclusion on the effects of microfinance. Based on 1,111 extracted estimates of microfinance's effects from 31 individual studies, we address this challenge using meta-analysis tools to synthesize the evidence on the impact of microfinance on poverty, empowerment, microenterprises, education and health. After controlling for within and between-study dependence and publication selection bias, precision effect and funnel asymmetry test (PET/FAT) results indicate that microfinance generally has a positive effect on indicators like assets, income, women's status, education and consumption/expenditure. On the other hand, after controlling for moderating variables, multivariate meta-regression analysis (MRA) results report a marginal adverse effect of microfinance on poverty measured by assets, income and consumption/expenditure, but a moderate positive effect on microenterprises is observed. MRA results also support the evidence presented by the PET/FAT analysis for microfinance and empowerment after controlling for moderating variables; however, adverse effects are observed for education and health.
Population growth and trade policies in the Philippines: A general equilibrium analysis

The paper attempts to show using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework the relative effects of population growth and trade policies on economic growth, employment and deforestation in the Philippines. A static CGE model based on ORANI with an appended sub-forestry model is employed in the analysis. The results show that (domestic) population per se would not significantly increase deforestation. Whilst, export taxes are ineffective tools in reducing deforestation, trade liberalisation policies are beneficial to the economy as a whole.
MAP kinase is activated dring the maturation of porcine oocytes

In an attempt to evaluate the function of MAP kinase in porcine oocytes and to develop a method of the assessment of its activity, myelin basic protein (MBP) was used as a substrate to detect the MAP kinase activity of porcine oocytes which had undergone maturation in vitro. The existence of MAP kinase and MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) was verified in immature porcine germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes at 0 h culture via Western blotting. Porcine oocytes exhibited a low level of MAP kinase activity during the first 20 h of culture, which increased at 25 h, during which time a breakdown in the nuclear membrane occurred. Significantly higher increases (p<0.05) of MAP kinase activity were detected at 30 h of culture. Using the gel phosphorylation method, MBP was phosphorylated at two positions corresponding to mammalian MAP kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK 1) (44 kDa) and ERK 2 (42 kDa). The absolute levels of those proteins did not increase during 40 h of culture, suggesting that the detected increase in MAP kinase activity was the result of phosphorylation rather than changes in the total amount of protein. MAPKK and MAP kinase were dephosphorylated in first-stage (MI) meiotic oocytes by the addition of cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor. These results of this study indicate that the MAP kinase cascade does exists in porcine oocytes and that its activation leads to oocyte maturation. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 8 : 1069-1075)