Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the determination of a conversion factor from labelled thymidine incorporation by bacteria to cell production in a sub-tropical estuary: preliminary results

Faculdade de Ciencias Ambientais - Oceanografia. Centro Universitario Monte Serrat - UNIMONTE. (Campus Ponta da Praia, Av. Saldanha da Gama, 89, 11030-220, Santos, SP, Brasil) Bacterial carbon production has become a key parameter in quantifying carbon flows through aquatic food webs (Smith & Azam, 1992). Measurement of
Multinational banks in regulated markets: Is financial integration desirable?

We set up a two-country, regional model of trade in financial services. Competitive firms in each country manufacture non-traded consumer goods in an uncertain productive environment, borrowing funds from a bank in either the home or the foreign market. Duopolistic banks can choose their levels of monitoring of firms and thus the levels of risk-taking, where the risk of bank failure is partly borne by taxpayers in the banks\' home countries. Moreover, each bank chooses the allocation of its lending between domestic and foreign firms, while the bank\'s overall loan volume is fixed by a capital requirement set optimally in its home country. In this setting we consider two types of financial integration. A reduction in the compliance costs of cross-border banking reduces aggregate output and increases risk-taking, thus harming consumers and taxpayers in both countries. In contrast, a reduction in the costs of screening foreign firms is likely to be eneficial for banks, consumers, and taxpayers alike.
Seed dispersal by a diurnal primate community in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon

Multiple species of primate disperse seeds and differentially contribute to the seed rain in tropical forests. The goal of this study was to examine seed dispersal by a primate community of five monkey and two ape species in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon. The density of primates in the reserve was calculated to be 77 individuals km-2. Analysis of 5789 faecal clumps demonstrated that 40% of monkey and 74% of ape faecal clumps possessed whole seeds. Six of the seven focal species acted as seed dispersers; faecal clumps passed by the black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza) did not contain any whole seeds during the study. Seed passage trials on four captive monkey species showed monkeys to have an average seed passage time of 22 hours and defecation rate of five times per day. From the above results, the primate community was estimated to defecate 1129 seeds km-2 d-1. Seeds passed by the primate community came from 125 species of trees, lianas and shrubs, equivalent to at least 34% of the known tree flora. Rarefaction curves indicated that additional collection effort would identify more seed species passed by primates. Germination studies demonstrated that primate-passed seeds are viable. The number of seeds and plant species dispersed suggests that the primate community plays an important role in the maintenance of forest structure.
Pond Health Management of Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon ( Fabricius ) using Bacterial Products

The pond health management (e.g. sediment condition and water quality and growth performance) of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon were studied in brackishwater ponds using bacterial products (probiotics) in the tropics. The improvement of organic matter and total sulfur (TS) of pond sediment was observed during the culture period. Organic matter content in the ponds was low (3.95±0.56%) probably due to decomposition activity by bacteria during mineralization process. The lower (1.58±0.33%) concentration of TS in the culture pond sediments suggested that heterotrophic bacteria utilized the superficial soil sulfate compounds, which converts into sulfur and its related compounds. The water quality condition such as dissolved oxygen (6.8-10.3 mg/l), pH (7.22-8.44), temperature (30-32oC), salinity (16.0-28.2‰), total suspended solids (0.10-0.17 g/l), biological oxygen demand (0.15-0.25 mg/l), chlorophyll a (50-250 mg/m3), NO3 (0.0020.01 mg/l) and PO4 (0.0-0.16 mg/l) were within suitable range for shrimp growth and did not cause stress. Concentration of ammonium (NH4) was high (0.28-2.0 mg/l) during the culture period. Nevertheless, daily growth rate of shrimp was found 0.20 g/day in 116 days culture period. The higher concentrations of major macronutrients such as Ca, Na, Mg and K in pond sediments could be attributed partly to nutrient loading and accumulation from soil pore water during drying over time and pond age. None of the elements accumulated in the ponds reached harmful concentrations for pond health and the cultured shrimp species. Hena Abu, M.K. , Sharifuzzaman, S.M. , Hishamuddin, O. , Misri, K. and Abdullah, F. 2008. Pond health management of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) using bacterial products, pp. 469-476. In Bondad-Reantaso, M.G. , Mohan, C.V. , Crumlish, M. and Subasinghe, R.P. (eds.). Diseases in Asian Aquaculture VI. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines Corresponding author: M.K. Abu Hena, hena71@yahoo.com
Recessions and the Information Content of Unemployment

I present evidence that increases in the relative share of job losers (and decreases in that of job leavers) entering unemployment lower the quality of the unemployment pool. The share of job losers rises during recessions, and I analyze the causes and implications of this in an equilibrium labor market model. The theoretical analysis o¤ers four main insights: (1) Employees remaining after a recession are disproportionately more productive than those who were terminated this could play a role in the recently declining cyclicality of average labor productivity. (2) While workers red during a recession are more productive (on average) than those red at other times, the shift from job leavers to job losers during this time can still lower the quality of the unemployment pool during/after recessions. This decline in quality can slow hiring even after the economy has otherwise recovered to pre-recession levels, o¤ering a potential explanation for jobless recoveries.  (3) For hiring to return, the unemployment pool quality must rebound through inows of workers who are not negatively selected (such as job leavers). Thus, if poor job- nding conditions motivate fewer workers to voluntarily enter the unemployment pool, this will further delay the recovery of employment. (4) While the new steady-state induced by a permanent recession would involve a higher quality unemployment pool than in the pre-recession economy, a transition between the two states yields a lower quality pool than in either state. Thus, conclusions about economic dynamics drawn from comparing the predictions of two static models can be misleading. The model presented addresses this it rigorously incorporates employer learning and private information into an equilibrium framework for dynamic labor market analysis. Email: kmirkin@ucla.edu I am deeply indebted to Simon Board, Maria Casanova, Maurizio Mazzocco, Moritz Meyer-Ter-Vehn, Marek Pycia, and Pierre-Olivier Weill for guidance in this project. I am also grateful to Guillermo Beylis, Mary Ann Bronson, Edgar Cortés, Hanno Lustig, Ichiro Obara, Joseph Ostroy, Mona Shangold, David Toniatti, Brian Waters, Kyle Woodward, and Yujing Xu for insightful comments and suggestions. As is generally the case, all mistakes are my own.
“Impact of Behavioral Biases on Investors Decision Making: Male Vs Female”

This study aims to investigate the influence of behavioral biases on investment decisions made by students and employees. This objective was achieved by administering a questionnaire and collecting empirical data from graduate & post graduate students and employees about their own perceptions of biases. Questionnaire was distributed among the sample of hundred students/employees from which 45% were students and 55% were employees. Two statistical techniques were used to analyze collected data. Correlation was used to analyze the relationship of overconfidence bias with illusion of control bias, familiarity bias, loss aversion bias and confirmation bias. Chi-square was used to determine the significant difference between the responses of male and female about overconfidence bias. Results of this study reports weak negative correlation between overconfidence bias and other behavioral bias discussed in the study. This study concludes there is no significant difference between the responses of male and female decision making regarding overconfidence bias.
Listen or interact? A Large-scale survey on music listening and management behaviours

The results of an online survey on music listening and management are presented and analysed. With 590 participants, we especially focused on understanding how precise of a control the respondents desired on their music listening, how much interaction with their music source they were willing to have to exert such control, and how these preferences were affected by the type of activity accompanying music listening. A need was observed for novel interfaces that require minimal effort and let users steer the listening experience by controlling key attributes of songs, within the confines of a mobile device. Examples of such attributes were found to be mood, genre, tempo, familiarity, and how distracting the songs are. Along with type of accompanying activity, factors such as age, gender, size of collection, and music listening hours were found to influence the listeners’ control and interaction preferences. Some other notable findings were that our participants had a median of 4650 songs in their music collections, that portable devices were their most popular music source, and that commuting and work were the top activities accompanying music.
Hate Source: White Supremacist Hate Groups and Hate Crime

The relationship between hate group activity and hate crime is theoretically ambiguous. Hate groups may incite criminal behavior in support of their beliefs. On the other hand, hate groups may reduce hate crime by serving as a forum for members to verbally vent their frustrations or as protection from future biased violence. I find that the presence of an active white supremacist hate group chapter is associated with an 18.7 percent higher hate crime rate. White supremacist groups are not associated with the level of anti-white hate crimes committed by non-whites, nor do they form in expectation of future hate crimes by non-whites.
Assimilation of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals

Near‐surface soil moisture observations from the active microwave ASCAT and the passive microwave AMSR‐E satellite instruments are assimilated, both separately and together, into the NASA Catchment land surface model over 3.5 years using an ensemble Kalman filter. The impact of each assimilation is evaluated using in situ soil moisture observations from 85 sites in the US and Australia, in terms of the anomaly time series correlation‐coefficient, R. The skill gained by assimilating either ASCAT or AMSR‐E was very similar, even when separated by land cover type. Over all sites, the mean root‐zone R was significantly increased from 0.45 for an open‐loop, to 0.55, 0.54, and 0.56 by the assimilation of ASCAT, AMSR‐E, and both, respectively. Each assimilation also had a positive impact over each land cover type sampled. For maximum accuracy and coverage it is recommended that active and passive microwave observations be assimilated together.
Splenosis Mimicking Peritoneal Implants in a Female with Ovarian Cystic Masses: A Case Report

A case of large bilateral cystic ovarian masses is reported. Initial imaging, including ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT), showed a large right ovarian cystic tumor, a smaller multicystic left ovarian tumor and multiple solid peritoneal implants suspicious for metastases. Due to a history of remote post-traumatic splenectomy, the presence of bilateral benign ovarian cystic tumors in combination with peritoneal splenosis was considered. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy were performed. The final histological diagnosis of the peritoneal implants was splenic tissue consistent with splenosis and the ovarian tumors were ovarian serous cystadenofibromas.
THE TIME COURSE OF OFF-LINE FOR CONSOLIDATION IN IMPLICIT MOTOR SEQUENCE LEARNING IN YOUNG ADULTS

Implicit skills learning such as riding a bicycle and playing a musical instrument play a central role in daily life. Such skills are learned gradually and are retained throughout life. The learning of motor skill occurs with practice, but skill can also increase between sessions, a process termed ‘‘off-line learning’’. In this research, Participants were tested on an implicit version of the Alternating Serial Reaction Time Task and re-tested 6, 24 or 72 h later. ANOVA revealed signifi cant off-line motor skill improvement participants responding faster at the beginning of Session 2 than at the end of Session 1. The elapsed time between the two sessions infl uenced the improvement of motor skill improvements as well. Thus, participants’ response speed improved more after the 24-, 72hr than after the 6-hr. The subsequent paired-samples t-tests conducted separately for all delay groups revealed that the off-line improvement of motor skill was signifi cant in all groups (p< .05), and in all groups the 6, 24, 72-hr delay led to off-line enhancement (p< .05). This demonstrates that implicitly acquired skills can increase between sessions and the process occurs over hours. These fi ndings are consistent with theoretical accounts of procedural skill learning such as the procedural reinstatement theory as well as with previous studies of retention of other motor skills.
Measurable functionals on function spaces

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Age, Gender, and Diagnostic Performance of Ioflupane I123 Injection (DaTscan™) Brain Imaging in Patients with Movement Disorders and/or Dementia

Background: Although numerous studies have established the sensitivity and specificity of Ioflupane I123 Injection (ioflupane ( 123 I), ( 123 I) FP-CIT, DaTscan TM , or DaTSCAN TM ) imaging in patients with movement disorders or dementia, no studies have examined the effects of gender and age on diagnostic performance. Methods: We pooled data from four clinical trials in which patients with a movement disorder or dementia and healthy volunteers were administered ioflupane ( 123 I). Panels of 3-5 blinded experts and/or on-site nuclear medicine physicians rated the images as normal or abnormal. Results were compared with expert clinical diagnosis (reference standard) to determine sensitivity and specificity. Subgroup and multiple logistic regression model (MLRM) analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of gender and age (two groups: <65 vs. ≥65 yrs and <75 vs. ≥75 yrs) on sensitivity and specificity. Results: There were 421 males and 305 females in the intent-to-diagnose population. Sensitivity was higher for males with parkinsonian syndrome (PS) (93.3% vs. 87.6%; P=0.0029), whereas specificity was higher for females (96.4% vs. 89.5%; P=0.0126). Sensitivity was higher in the younger age groups (<65 yrs, 91.0% vs. ≥65 yrs, 86.8%; P=0.0240 and <75 yrs, 90.7% vs. ≥75 yrs, 78.4%, P < 0.0001). Specificity was higher in subjects <65 yrs (94.0% vs. 89.7% for ≥65 yrs, P=0.0384). Analysis using the 75 yrs cutoff showed no differences. When MLRM was used, all covariates (disease state, age, gender, reader type, and follow-up duration) were significant predictors of the model effect on sensitivity. For specificity, only disease state and reader type were significant predictors. Conclusions: Sensitivity and specificity of ioflupane ( 123 I) imaging was high in all age and gender subgroups, though statistically significant differences were observed with a slightly reduced, though still diagnostically useful, sensitivity above 75 yrs. This reduced sensitivity may be due to increased frequency of mixed pathologies in older people, which makes the clinical diagnosis (reference standard) less optimal. In PS, sensitivity was higher in males, whereas specificity was higher in females. MLRM analysis demonstrated that all tested covariates (including gender and age) were significant predictors for sensitivity, but not for specificity.
Impact of the Deepwater Horizon well blowout on the economics of US Gulf fisheries

Marine oil spills usually harm organisms at two interfaces: near the water surface and on shore. However, because of the depth of the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon well blowout, deeper parts of the Gulf of Mexico are likely impacted. We estimate the potential negative economic effects of this blowout and oil spill on commercial and recreational fishing, as well as mariculture (marine aquaculture) in the US Gulf area, by computing potential losses throughout the fish value chain. We find that the spill could, in the next 7 years, result in (midpoint) present value losses of total revenues, total profits, wages, and economic impact of US$3.7, US$1.9, US$1.2, and US$8.7 billion, respectively. Commercial and recreational fisheries would likely suffer the most losses, with a respective estimated US$1.6 and US$1.9 billion of total revenue losses, US$0.8 and US$1.1 billion in total profit losses, and US$4.9 and US$3.5 billion of total economic losses.
Re-evaluating green marketing strategy : a stakeholder perspective.

Purpose The present study aims to examine the influence of stakeholders on green marketing strategy (GMS). Marketing literature recognizes that stakeholders play a significant role in influencing organizations and markets, but has not targeted a single integrated approach to examine the relationship between stakeholder management and GMS. Design/methodology/approach This research comprised several phases, including the development of a typology of GMS, an analysis of how managers prioritize stakeholders, a study of the influence of stakeholders on GMS, and an analysis of the influence of the organizational context on managers’ perception of the stakeholders. The hypotheses were validated using multivariate correlational techniques. Findings The study identified the stakeholders associated with GMS and their impact on the strategy adopted by the firms, and established how this is moderated by the firm’s own economic sector and organizational characteristics. Research limitations/implications Future studies might replicate and extend the research in other industries and countries to ascertain whether environmental concerns have different effects in other contexts. Practical implications The surveys on GMS and stakeholder perception undertaken in the present survey are a potential source of information for managers because they can be used as a self diagnostic tool to determine if a firm’s attitude to the environment is reactive or proactive. Originality/value Results show that the organizational “greening” process is not a linear, one dimensional progression, rather an uneven process in which several GMS profiles prioritize different stakeholders. The results also reveal that underlying perceptual, behavioral, and organizational factors influence GMS implementation.
The Second Dimension of the Supreme Court

Describing the justices of the Supreme Court as ‘liberals’ and ‘conservatives’ has become so standard — and the left-right division on the Court is considered so entrenched — that any deviation from that pattern is treated with surprise. Attentive Court watchers know that the justices are not just politicians in robes, deciding each case on a purely ideological basis. Yet the increasingly influential empirical legal studies literature assumes just that — that a left-right ideological dimension fully describes the Supreme Court. We show that there is a second, more legally-focused dimension of judicial decision-making. A continuum between legalism and pragmatism also divides the justices, in ways that cuts against ideological preferences. The second dimension is systematic and significant, occurring in multiple different legal areas, and in consistent patterns. Seen in this way, the justices and their decisions can be understood in more complex terms, not just as ideological flag bearers, but as jurists who regularly have to choose between legal methodology and outcome preferences. In two dimensions, different patterns of coalitions emerge: in the second dimension, it is the Chief Justice and Justice Sotomayor, not Justice Kennedy, who sit at the median of the Court, and decide the balance of power.
The Effects of Goal Orientation and Feedback on the Notetaking Habits and Performance of College Students

The Effects of Goal Orientation and Feedback on the Notetaking Habits and Performance of College Students Kamauru Rasheed Johnson Notetaking is viewed by high school and college students as a tool to help them record and organize information presented by their instructors in lecture format. Research has shown that students who take notes consistently outperform students who do not use this strategy on tests of their knowledge. Although previous studies have identified factors contributing to individual differences in notetaking, these works have largely focused on cognitive skills while neglecting to consider the role that a students’ motivation may play in their notetaking habits. The current study is an extension of lecture notetaking research (Peverly et al, 2007; Peverly et al., 2010; Reddington, 2011) that applies principles of Elliot’s trichotomous goal orientation theory to investigate the question of student motivation. Specifically, this dissertation’s primary purpose was to determine if goal orientation and feedback affect students’ notetaking habits or performance on measures of their knowledge. Hypotheses related to the established relationships between gender and notetaking and notetaking and performance were also explored. This dissertation is unique in that it is the only study to examine the effects of goal orientation on the specific strategy of notetaking through the use of an experimental design. A sample of 231 undergraduate students participated in the two-phase experiment. In phase I, participants were randomly assigned to one of three goal orientation groups, asked to listen to a videotaped lecture and to write a detailed summary of what they had learned. In phase II, participants were randomly assigned to receive contrived feedback stating that their phase I written summary was either above or below an arbitrary performance standard. After reviewing their feedback, participants were again asked to listen to a videotaped lecture and write a detailed summary of what they had learned. Independent variables included gender, goal orientation, and feedback. Dependent variables included quantity of idea units in students’ notes and quantity of idea units in students’ written summaries. Results indicated that factors related to goal orientation, feedback, and gender did impact students’ notetaking quantity and performance. Note quantity was predicted by gender, goal orientation, the gender x goal orientation interaction, and the feedback x goal orientation interaction. Quantity of idea units in written summary was predicted by note quantity, the gender x goal orientation interaction, and the note quantity x goal orientation interaction. Future research should continue to examine the specific impact of goal orientation and feedback on notetaking habits.