Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diet Congruent Primes – Are They Effective? The Effects of Food Priming on Restrained Eaters’ Food Consumption

This study examined the impact of healthy and unhealthy primes on the food choice of restrained and unrestrained eaters. Based on a literature review it was hypothesized that restrained eaters would be more susceptible to healthy primes. The reason for this hypothesis was that healthy primes would serve as a reminder of their diet and therefore promote healthy eating. To test the hypothesis, an experiment was carried out involving priming 92 subjects via posters with pictures of either healthy or unhealthy snacks. Participants were then asked about the food they purchased. The formulated hypothesis was confirmed since the results showed that indeed restrained eaters were more affected by the healthy prime than the unrestrained eaters. This result is in line with current studies. Moreover, unrestrained eaters were affected by the unhealthy prime, which was not the case for restrained eaters. Together these findings suggest that people are more responsive to primes that are congruent with their dietary constraints.
Examination of sports consumption behaviors of Football spectators in terms of success and failure criteria

This study aimed to reveal the sports consumption behavior intentions of the spectators of two football teams competing in Turkish Super League, in order to examine whether this behavior changes in cases of success and failure. Besides, the study also attempted to detect any difference between the consumption behaviors of the spectators of the two teams and to reveal the reasons of these differences. Spectators of two different teams competing in Turkish Super League participated in the study on voluntary basis. Totally 678 sports spectators attended the study: 54.30% (N=368) of these spectators supported Eskisehirspor while 45.70% (N=310) supported Bursaspor. To this end, the Sports Consumption Behavior Scale which was developed by Kim et al. (2011) and the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of which was tested by Kiremitci et al. (2014) was used in the scope of the study. In conclusion, this study examined the consumer behavior intentions of the spectators of two teams competing in Turkish Football Super League (one being more successful and the other less successful according to the results of the first half of the football season) and found that the spectators of the more successful team scored higher marks in “Attendance Intention” and “Licensed Merchandise Consumption Intention” subdimensions.
Vacuum Cleaning as a Service

Smart technologies, such as autonomous robotic vacuum cleaners recently gained broader attention and change incumbent private work routines. In this research paper, we take the consumers’ perspective and evaluate why consumers would intend or deter the use of vacuum cleaners. We investigate the positive influence of motivational drivers, such as trust, personal innovativeness, and hedonic values, as well as negative factors, such as perceived risk and perceived privacy violation. In this regard, we develop a research model that explains the consumers’ intention to use an autonomous robotic vacuum cleaner. We use survey data (N = 223) and structural equation modeling for our analyses. Our results outline that trust and perceived risk, as well as other explicit motivational factors influence the consumers’ intention to use robotic vacuum cleaners. Consequently, academic and practical implications are discussed.
On the Local Power of Fixed T Panel Unit Root Tests with Serially Correlated Errors

Analytical asymptotic local power functions are employed to study the effects of general form short term serial correlation on �fixed-T panel data unit root tests. Two models are considered, one that has only individual intercepts and one that has both individual intercepts and individual trends. It is shown that tests based on IV estimators are more powerful in all cases examined. Even more, for the model with individual trends an IV based test is shown to have non-trivial local power at the natural root-N rate.
Rational Krylov subspace methods and inexact solves 2 . 1 Introduction and rational Arnoldi decompositions

The rational Krylov subspace method (RKSM) and the low-rank alternating directions implicit (LR-ADI) iteration are established numerical tools for computing low-rank solution factors of large-scale Lyapunov equations. In order to generate the basis vectors for the RKSM, or extend the low-rank factors within the LRADI method the repeated solution to a shifted linear system is necessary. For very large systems this solve is usually implemented using iterative methods, leading to inexact solves within this inner iteration. We derive theory for a relaxation strategy within these inexact solves, both for the RKSM and the LR-ADI method. Practical choices for relaxing the solution tolerance within the inner linear system are then provided. The theory is supported by several numerical examples.
Minority and mode conversion heating in (3He)–H JET plasmas

Radio frequency (RF) heating experiments have recently been conducted in JET (3He)–H plasmas. This type of plasmas will be used in ITER's non-activated operation phase. Whereas a companion paper in this same PPCF issue will discuss the RF heating scenario's at half the nominal magnetic field, this paper documents the heating performance in (3He)–H plasmas at full field, with fundamental cyclotron heating of 3He as the only possible ion heating scheme in view of the foreseen ITER antenna frequency bandwidth. Dominant electron heating with global heating efficiencies between 30% and 70% depending on the 3He concentration were observed and mode conversion (MC) heating proved to be as efficient as 3He minority heating. The unwanted presence of both 4He and D in the discharges gave rise to 2 MC layers rather than a single one. This together with the fact that the location of the high-field side fast wave (FW) cutoff is a sensitive function of the parallel wave number and that one of the locations of the wave confluences critically depends on the 3He concentration made the interpretation of the results, although more complex, very interesting: three regimes could be distinguished as a function of X[3He]: (i) a regime at low concentration (X[3He] < 1.8%) at which ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating is efficient, (ii) a regime at intermediate concentrations (1.8 < X[3He] < 5%) in which the RF performance is degrading and ultimately becoming very poor, and finally (iii) a good heating regime at 3He concentrations beyond 6%. In this latter regime, the heating efficiency did not critically depend on the actual concentration while at lower concentrations (X[3He] < 4%) a bigger excursion in heating efficiency is observed and the estimates differ somewhat from shot to shot, also depending on whether local or global signals are chosen for the analysis. The different dynamics at the various concentrations can be traced back to the presence of 2 MC layers and their associated FW cutoffs residing inside the plasma at low 3He concentration. One of these layers is approaching and crossing the low-field side plasma edge when 1.8 < X[3He] < 5%. Adopting a minimization procedure to correlate the MC positions with the plasma composition reveals that the different behaviors observed are due to contamination of the plasma. Wave modeling not only supports this interpretation but also shows that moderate concentrations of D-like species significantly alter the overall wave behavior in 3He-H plasmas. Whereas numerical modeling yields quantitative information on the heating efficiency, analytical work gives a good description of the dominant underlying wave interaction physics.
Maladaptive secondary sexual characteristics reduce the reproductive success of hybrids between native and non‐native salmonids

Abstract Human‐mediated hybridization between introduced and native species is one of the most serious threats to native taxa. Although field studies have attempted to quantify the relative fitness or reproductive success of parental species and their hybrids, only a few studies have unraveled the factors determining the fitness of hybrids. Here, we hypothesized that maladaptive secondary sexual characteristics may reduce fitness of hybrids between two fish species. To test this, we evaluated the reproductive success of introduced brook trout (BT: Salvelinus fontinalis), native white‐spotted charr (WSC: S. leucomaenis) and their hybrids in a natural stream in Hokkaido, Japan, where the two parental species show remarkably different male secondary sexual characteristics, such as elongated jaws and deeper bodies. We predicted that introgression from WSC is maladaptive for BT males because the BT male has more prominent secondary sexual characteristics. Our results suggest that both sexual selection and outbreeding depression in males and females significantly influence an individual's reproductive success. Our results also suggest that asymmetric introgression may increase the risks to persistence in the recipient species.
A PHOTOGRAMMETRY-BASED STRUCTURE FROM MOTION ALGORITHM USING ROBUST ITERATIVE BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES

Abstract. The purpose of this paper is the presentation of a novel algorithm for automatic estimation of the exterior orientation parameters of image datasets, which can be applied in the case that the scene depicted in the images has a planar surface (e.g., roof of a building). The algorithm requires the measurement of four coplanar ground control points (GCPs) in only one image. It uses a template matching method combined with a homography-based technique for transfer of the GCPs in another image, along with an incremental photogrammetry-based Structure from Motion (SfM) workflow, coupled with robust iterative bundle adjustment methods that reject any remaining outliers, which have passed through the checks and geometric constraints imposed during the image matching procedure. Its main steps consist of (i) determination of overlapping images without the need for GPS/INS data; (ii) image matching and feature tracking; (iii) estimation of the exterior orientation parameters of a starting image pair; and (iv) photogrammetry-based SfM combined with iterative bundle adjustment methods. A developed software solution implementing the proposed algorithm was tested using a set of UAV oblique images. Several tests were performed for the assessment of the errors and comparisons with well-established commercial software were made, in terms of automation and correctness of the computed exterior orientation parameters. The results show that the estimated orientation parameters via the proposed solution have comparable accuracy with those ones computed through the commercial software using the highest possible accuracy settings; in addition, double manual work was required by the commercial software compared to the proposed solution.
Dynamics of Income Distribution across Chinese Provinces during 1978–98

This study attempts to examine the growth pattern of China's economy during 1978–98 from the perspective of income distribution dynamics. Motivated by the model of dynamic distribution, a transition matrix is derived from a panel of ratios of provincial real incomes to national averages across 30 provinces over 1978–98. The transition matrix is used not only to reveal the transitions of provinces between the states of income over time, but also to predict whether there is a tendency across provinces to converge in real income per worker in the long run. This study finds evidence of a slight reduction of income dispersion across Chinese provinces over 1978–98. However, the slight reduction of income dispersion is not strong enough for the provinces to converge to mean income. But there is a strong tendency to converge across provinces within regions and it is evident that, in the eastern region, poor provinces caught up with rich ones over the period under study. The long-run distribution indicates that there will not be a tendency to converge in real GDP per capita across provinces in the long run.
Energy harvesting: a review of the interplay between structure and mechanism

The science of energy harvesting has recently undergone radical change, with the advent of new materials exploiting mechanisms fundamentally different from those of traditional solar cells. Utilizing principles that are in many cases acquired from breakthroughs in molecular photobiology, the introduction of a range of new synthetic polymers, multichromophore arrays and nanoparticle-based materials heralds a marked resurgence of interest, a shift of focus and heightened expectations in the science of light-harvesting. The interplay between structure and mechanism significantly impinges upon issues extending from fundamental theory to the principles of energy-harvesting materials design. Understanding and exploiting the principles allows materials to be engineered that can harness absorbed energy with heightened efficiency. Two of the key areas of application are dendrimers and rare-earth doped solids.
Stress at Work and Its Subsequent Problems among Teachers of the Public Schools Which Operate the School-Based Violence Reduction Program (VRP) in Tulkarm Governorate.

This study aimed to identify the work-related stress and its subsequent problems among teachers of the publicschools which operated the school-based Violence Reduction Program (VRP) in the governorate of Tulkarm duringthe second semester of 2015-2016. Besides, it aimed to identify the effect of specific variables, such as gender,specialization, qualifications and years of service, on the assessment process of stress at work and its subsequentproblems. The study tool was a purposefully designed questionnaire, which consisted of 50 items. The validity andinternal consistency of this measurement instrument were assessed, where the reliability coefficient score was 0.91. The sample consisted of 130 teachers from public schools in Tulkarm area, which represented almost 100% of thestudy population. The results showed that there were inadequate criteria for teacher professional development, weakrelationship between teaching faculty and school administration, lack of class discipline, prevalent problems amongstudents, numerous teacher development workshops, lack of teacher decision-making participation, teacherinvolvement in undesirable activities, and heavy burden of teacher material obligations. They also showed that therewere no statically significant differences in terms of the variables of gender, specialization, qualification, and workexperience. The most important recommendations of the study included setting up a clear and particular strategy fordeveloping educational evaluations, the development of educational work in line with technological developments,and employing self-evaluation methods.
Effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies: some evaluation research perspectives

Entrepreneurship has recently become a tremendous topic of discussion. Although at the centre of interest of every public policy there are obviously efforts to foster entrepreneurial ventures, there is still a gap in a possible methodology of measuring and monitoring the effectiveness of entrepreneurship support policies. The aim of this paper is to propose a possible methodology of the measurement such effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies. First, there are presented the most relevant facts on entrepreneurship, as well as entrepreneurship support policy as a prerequisite for entrepreneurship development. Suitable methods of measuring of the impact of entrepreneurship policies are discussed, which results in a proposal of own research methodology based upon AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The research methodology is based on several indicators that are considered to be the most relevant elements to entrepreneurship outcomes in today’s economy. Indicators of a micro economic character and macro-economic character are chosen. The proposed methodology of evaluation of effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies is verified by means of a case study.
AMMI methodology in soybean: Cluster analysis with bootstrap resampling in genetic divergence and stability

This study aimed to propose a clustering methodology with bootstrap resampling using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis (AMMI) to contribute to better prediction of phenotypic stability of genotypes and environments. It also aims to analyze the genetic divergence in the assessment of soybean lines, identify genotypes with high-yielding characteristics, with control of chewing and sucking insect pests, and cluster similar genotypes for the traits evaluated. A total of 24 experiments were conducted in randomized blocks, with two replications subdivided in experimental groups with common controls. AMMI with principal component analysis indicated that PC1 and PC2 were significant, explaining 83.9% of the sum of squares of the interaction. The first singular axis of AMMI analysis captured the highest percentage of "pattern" and, with subsequent accumulation of the dimensions of the axes, there was a decrease in the percentage of "pattern" and an increase in "noise". The Euclidean distance between genotype scores was used as the dissimilarity measure and clusters were obtained by the hierarchical method of Ward. Genotypes 97-8011, 97-8029, 97-8050 and IAS-5 had the best performance and are promising for recommendation purposes, with the greatest stability and best performance on grain yield.
Developing Science Learning Material with Authentic Inquiry Learning Approach to Improve Problem Solving and Scientific Attitude

This research was conducted to (1) produce science material learning based Authentic Inquiry Learning which is appropriate to improve problem solving and students scientific attitude; (2) know the potency of developing scientific attitude in science learning material based authentic inquiry learning; and (3) know the potency of developing scientific attitude in science learning material based authentic inquiry learning. The research method was Research and Development (R & D), by pointing to Four D models and Borg & Gall Model. There were 4 main phases (define, design, develop, disseminate) and additional phases (preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, and operational product revision). The instruments used included product validation questionnaire, problem solving test, observation sheet of problem solving, and scientific attitude questionnaire. Result data of validation, problem solving test, scientific attitude questionnaire were analyzed descriptively. The result showed that : (1) science learning material based authentic inquiry learning that was developed was considered as very good by expert lecturers and teachers, and it was appropriate to use in learning process; (2) science learning material based authentic inquiry learning could improve students' problem solving; (3) science learning material based authentic inquiry learning could improve students' scientific attitude.
Integrating Peer Assisted Learning and eLearning: Using Innovative Pedagogies to Support Learning and Teaching in Higher Education Settings

The paper reports the findings from a project which examined the interface between Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) and eLearning in a higher education setting. Traditional uses of ICTs in Higher Education have focused on the ‘transfer model’ where existing face to face pedagogies have tended to be transferred to approaches to elearning. This paper argues that arrival of Web 2.0 has challenged the continued viability of the transfer model and discusses instead the need for more innovative approaches to inform the design of teaching and learning in higher education settings. In response to this the PAL project was conceptualised using ideas drawn from socio-cultural theory. This theoretical perspective includes the role that social situations play in promoting learning. The project findings indicated that interfacing PAL and eLearning provided an important context for re-positioning the ways in which tutorials and lectures could be used as a basis for collaborative learning between students and lecturers alike.
The challenge of modeling niches and distributions for data‐poor species: a comprehensive approach to model complexity

Models of species ecological niches and geographic distributions now represent a widely used tool in ecology, evolution, and biogeography. However, the very common situation of species with few available occurrence localities presents major challenges for such modeling techniques, in particular regarding model complexity and evaluation. Here, we summarize the state of the field regarding these issues and provide a worked example using the technique Maxent for a small mammal endemic to Madagascar (the nesomyine rodent Eliurus majori). Two relevant model-selection approaches exist in the literature (information criteria, specifically AICc; and performance predicting withheld data, via a jackknife), but AICc is not strictly applicable to machine-learning algorithms like Maxent. We compare models chosen under each selection approach with those corresponding to Maxent default settings, both with and without spatial filtering of occurrence records to reduce the effects of sampling bias. Both selection approaches chose simpler models than those made using default settings. Furthermore, the approaches converged on a similar answer when sampling bias was taken into account, but differed markedly with the unfiltered occurrence data. Specifically, for that dataset, the models selected by AICc had substantially fewer parameters than those identified by performance on withheld data. Based on our knowledge of the study species, models chosen under both AICc and withheld-data-selection showed higher ecological plausibility when combined with spatial filtering. The results for this species intimate that AICc may consistently select models with fewer parameters and be more robust to sampling bias. To test these hypotheses and reach general conclusions, comprehensive research should be undertaken with a wide variety of real and simulated species. Meanwhile, we recommend that researchers assess the critical yet underappreciated issue of model complexity both via information criteria and performance on withheld data, comparing the results between the two approaches and taking into account ecological plausibility. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The meaning of place in social work with children and families

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