Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between organizational climate, job involvement and organizational trust with organizational justice: A case study of hospital systems of Isfahan city, Iran

The main purpose of this research is to examine the model of the relationship between organizational climates, Job involvement and organizational trust with nurses’ perceived organizational Justice. The method of study is correlational. The statistical population consists of all of nurses of hospital systems of Esfahan city, central region in Iran. The data gathering instruments were four questionnaires (Nihof and Moormans’ organizational Justice, organizational climate of Jaw and Liuw, Ruders’ organizational trust and Kanungos’ Job Involvement). The reliability of the questionnaires are estimated for organizational justice (α=0.95), organizational climate (α= 0.86), organizational trust (α=0.94), Job involvement (α=0.91). The results indicated that organizational Justice can be predicted by the organizational climate (variances=0.593) and this increased with job involvement (variances=0.336). Based on β coefficient, with increased of one unit of participational climate, organizational justice is increased to 0.626 and with increased of one unit of job involvement, organizational justice is decreased to 0.388. Also the results shows that organizational justice is predicted by organizational trust (variance=0/5), and with trust in administrator 5 to13% and with trust in colleague 13 to 18% is increased. The relationship among trust in administrator, colleague and organization is significant (P<0.05). The chartered financial analyst (CFA) shows that the measurement model fit the data very well with adjusted goodness-of-fit Index (AGFI) of 0.8 and goodness of fit index (GFI) of 0/95 and a chi-square ( 203.21) (p<0.001). It concluded that the adjusted model of organizational justice is applicable for hospital systems of Esfahan city. Key words: Adjusted model, organizational justice, organizational climate, job involvement, organizational trust, correlational study, hospital systems.
Chronic Gestational Inflammation: Transfer of Maternal Adaptation over Two Generations of Progeny

Changes in the in utero environment result in generational transfer of maladapted physiology in the context of conditions such as stress, obesity, and anxiety. Given the significant contribution of noncommunicable diseases—which are characterised by chronic inflammation—to population mortality, the potential for chronic maternal inflammation mediating foetal programming is a growing concern. The extent of generational transfer in terms of immune functionality and leukocyte glucocorticoid sensitivity was investigated over two generations of offspring (F1 and F2) in a model of chronic LPS-induced maternal inflammation in C57/BL/6 mice. Maternal inflammation resulted in glucocorticoid hypersensitivity (increased glucocorticoid receptor expression levels) in the majority of leukocyte subpopulations in both F1 and F2 offspring. Furthermore, splenocytes stimulated with LPS in vitro exhibited exacerbated inflammatory cytokine responses, which were even more prominent in F2 than F1; this effect could be ascribed to NLRP3 inflammasome hyperactivity in F1 but not F2. Current data illustrates that parental chronic inflammation may mediate the inflammatory profile in offspring, potentially propagating a maladapted proinflammatory phenotype in subsequent generations.
Eliciting configuration design heuristics with hidden Markov models

Configuration design problems, characterized by the selection and assembly of components into a final desired solution, are common in engineering design. Although a variety of theoretical approaches to solving configuration design problems have been developed, little research has been conducted to observe how humans naturally attempt to solve such problems. This work mines the data from a cognitive study of configuration design to extract helpful design heuristics. The extraction of these heuristics is automated through the application of hidden Markov models. Results show that, for a truss configuration problem, designers proceed through four procedural states in solving configuration design problems, transitioning from topology design to shape and parameter design. High-performing designers are distinguished by their opportunistic tuning of parameters early in the process, enabling a heuristic search process similar to the A* search algorithm.
Increasing transnational sea‐ice exchange in a changing Arctic Ocean

The changing Arctic sea‐ice cover is likely to impact the trans‐border exchange of sea ice between the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of the Arctic nations, affecting the risk of ice‐rafted contamination. We apply the Lagrangian Ice Tracking System (LITS) to identify sea‐ice formation events and track sea ice to its melt locations. Most ice (52%) melts within 100 km of where it is formed; ca. 21% escapes from its EEZ. Thus, most contaminants will be released within an ice parcel's originating EEZ, while material carried by over 1 00,000 km2 of ice—an area larger than France and Germany combined—will be released to other nations' waters. Between the periods 1988–1999 and 2000–2014, sea‐ice formation increased by ∼17% (roughly 6 million km2 vs. 5 million km2 annually). Melting peaks earlier; freeze‐up begins later; and the central Arctic Ocean is more prominent in both formation and melt in the later period. The total area of ice transported between EEZs increased, while transit times decreased: for example, Russian ice reached melt locations in other nations' EEZs an average of 46% faster while North American ice reached destinations in Eurasian waters an average of 37% faster. Increased trans‐border exchange is mainly a result of increased speed (∼14% per decade), allowing first‐year ice to escape the summer melt front, even as the front extends further north. Increased trans‐border exchange over shorter times is bringing the EEZs of the Arctic nations closer together, which should be taken into account in policy development—including establishment of marine‐protected areas.
Determination Prevalence Of Clinical Patterns Of Alopecia Areata In Relation To Some Varieties In Kerman Iran

Introduction: Alopecia areata has different clinical presenting patterns, it may starts with a self limited single or separated patches on the scalp or any area of the body and progressing to complete scalp hair loss or complete body hair loss. 0bjective:Determination prevalence of alopecia areata with clinical configurations of patients in this area and its comparison with similar studies in other parts of the world that is the base and its localization to scalp or body in relation to skin color and nail ridging or cryptic dental infection or carries. Method: 952 patients with alopecia areata were studied who has been found among of 25186 new patients in this study that had been referred from all around the Kerman a province of Iran, as out patient during 3 years by the major points of age, sex, family history, extent percent of involved area & history of any determined infection such as nail ridges and dental caries or infections who were variables that has been evaluated in this study. Results: 3.78% of all new dermatology patients had alopecia areata. Family history was seen in 3.6% of patients and male to female ratio was 2.6 & the commonest clinical patterned were either round or oval types. Hair loss configurations in 252 patients (26.5%) were only restricted to scalp, in 216 cases (22.7%) to body, and in 414 cases (50.8%) was seen in both scalp & body (bipolar) alopecia areata. Bipolar type of alopecia areata was seen mostly in the first 3 decades of life which shows a significant difference in compare to the other configurations (p<0.01). Conclusion: Prevalence of alopecia areata between new dermatologic patients during 3 years was as 3.78%. Body hair loss (bipolar type) in males and a the first 3 decades of age were significantly more than females and those who were in upper 3 decades of age respectively.
Genetics of century‐old fish scales reveal population patterns of decline

Conservation scientists rarely have the information required to understand changes in abundance over more than a few decades, even for important species like Pacific salmon. Such lack of historical information can underestimate the magnitude of decline for depressed populations. We applied genetic tools to a unique collection of 100‐year‐old salmon scales to reveal declines of 56%–99% in wild sockeye populations across Canada's second largest salmon watershed, the Skeena River. These analyses reveal century‐long declines that are much greater than those based on modern era abundance data, which suggested that only 7 of 13 populations declined over the last five decades. Populations of larger‐bodied fish have declined the most in abundance, likely because of size‐selective commercial fisheries. Our findings illustrate how a deep historical perspective can expand our understanding of past abundances to a time before species incurred significant losses from fishing, and help inform conservation for diminished populations.
The APS SASE FEL: modeling and code comparison

A self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) free-electron laser (FEL) is under construction at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Five FEL simulation codes were used in the design phase: GENESIS, GINGER, MEDUSA, RON, and TDA3D. Initial comparisons between each of these independent formulations show good agreement for the parameters of the APS SASE FEL.
Allelopathic effect of Festuca rubra on perennial grasses

The allelopathy research can contribute to protecting the biodiversity and may develop new strategies for sustainable ecosystems controlled by allelochemicals. The present investigations have estimated the allelopahtic features at Festuca rubra and the ability of the allelopathic compounds to affect the germination and the quality of perennial grasses (Dactyilis glomerata, Lolium perenne and Poa pratensis). These perennial grasses were treated with alcolic extracts obtained from dry aerial parts of Festuca Rubra. Were quantified and also physico-chemical characterized the polyphenolic compounds and the alkaloids from the chemical structure of plants. The extracted compounds from the dry aerialparts of F. Rubra were quantified using HPLC method. In the aqueous extracts were quantified the following alkaloids: N-formyl-loline (NFL), N-acetyl-loline (NAL) and ergovaline (EGV). The results of the research have showed that the effect of the alkaloids lead to modifications in the quality index by reducing of the crude protein content and thus lead to lower feed value of these plants.
The Survey of Relationship between Perceived Stress, Coping Strategies and Suicide Ideation among Students at University of Guilan, Iran

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress, coping strategies and suicide ideation among students at University of Guilan, Iran. The research method was a descriptive study kind of correlation. To accomplish this goal, in a correlation study, 300 university students (144 female and 156 male) were selected from Humanities Faculty University of Guilan through a cluster random sampling in the 2012-2013 academic years. The following measures were administered on them: Cohen Perceived Stress, Billings and Moos Coping Strategies Questionnaire and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Research results showed that there was significant positive relationship between suicide ideation with perceived stress, emotion- oriented strategies with perceived stress and emotion- oriented strategies with suicide ideation. Also the results showed that there were significant negative relationships between perceived stress with problem- oriented strategies and suicidal ideation with problem- oriented strategies. Results of the multiple stepwise regressions in this study show that all independent variables in equation during three steps allocate 18 percent of suicide ideation variance.
Influence of Attitudes to Love on Leisure Involvement among Gay and Lesbian Citizens in Taiwan

This study first examines how love attitudes (Eros, Ludus, Storge Pragma, Mania, and Agape) and leisure involvement (self expression, attraction to leisure, and centrality to lifestyle) are related by using samples of gay and lesbian individuals. A questionnaire was developed by using latent variables, including love attitudes, leisure involvement, and demographic data. In total, 478 usable questionnaires were collected. Empirical results indicated that Eros positively and significantly influenced self expression, attraction to leisure, and centrality to lifestyle among gays and lesbians. The significant moderating effects on this population were also examined for Ludus, Storge, Pragma, and Mania impact leisure involvement between gays and lesbians. This study concludes that a higher tendency of love attitudes of gay and lesbian citizens towards Eros implies a greater increase in their leisure involvement.
Carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of bulk soils , particle-size fractions and organic material after treatment with hydrofluoric acid

Soils and sediments contain only small amounts of organic matter, and large concentrations of paramagnetic metals can give poor solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of organic matter. Pretreatment of samples with hydrofluoric acid (HF) dissolves significant proportions of the mineral matrix and extracts paramagnetic elements. We investigated the effects of 10% HF treatment on the stable isotope content of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) of organic matter from soils, composts and shales. Additionally we inferred molecular and isotopic characteristics of lost materials from calculations of isotope mass balances. Treatment with HF enriched C and N in mineral samples substantially (factors 2.5–42.4), except for Podzol B horizons (1.1–1.7) and organic material (1.0–1.3). After treatment most of the C (59.7–91.7%) and N (53.7–86.6%) was recovered, although changing C/N ratios often indicated a preferential loss of N-rich material. Isotope ratios of C and N in the remaining material became more negative when net alterations exceeded 0.3‰. The isotope ratios of the lost material contained more C (1–2‰) and N (1–4‰) than the initial organic matter. Acid hydrolysis typically removes proteins, amino acids and polysaccharides, all of which are enriched in C, and in the case of proteins and amino acids, enriched in N as well. We conclude that HF treatment released fresh, soluble, probably microbial, biomass in addition to carbohydrates. Net changes of the bulk chemical composition of organic matter were small for most soils, size fractions and plant material, but not for samples containing little organic matter, or those rich in easily soluble organic matter associated with iron oxides, such as Podzol B horizons.
Interactive comment on “ Novel approach for ice core based temperature reconstructions – a synthetic data study for Holocene δ 15 N data ” by Michael Döring and Markus Leuenberger

The submitted paper by Döring and Leuenberger presents an new fitting approach to model δ15N time series as measured in air extracted from ice cores, together with the corresponding temperature history. This fitting approach is combined with an existing firn model (Schwander et al., 1997) run in a forward mode. First, a synthetic dataset mimicking Holocene δ15N and temperature is constructed. Then, the three steps of the fitting method are described. At each step of the procedure the accuracy compared to the synthetic dataset, used as reference value, is estimated. The final distribution of all distances to the synthetic dataset is used to estimate a 95% confidence interval (or 2
Coordination Mechanisms for International Innovation in SMEs: Effects on Time-To-Market and R&D Task Complexity as Moderator The final version of this manuscript was published online in Small Business Economics

As SMEs increasingly internationalize their innovation activities, our study strives to improve our understanding of the coordination mechanisms that SMEs can adopt to orchestrate these activities. Building on the evolutionary theory of organizations, we link three established coordination mechanisms (centralization, formalization, and socialization) to the time-to-market of SMEs’ product innovations. We also argue that the complexity of the internationalized R&D tasks moderates the relationship between the three coordination mechanisms and time-to-market. Survey data from 103 SMEs with international innovation activities broadly support our theoretical account. With respect to the main effects, our findings suggest that a high degree of centralization tends to prolong the time-to-market, whereas formalization tends to shorten it. The moderation results further indicate that centralization can become more beneficial when a firm internationalizes highly complex R&D tasks, while formalization tends to become less beneficial with increasing task complexity. Main and moderation effects with respect to socialization are inconclusive. We discuss the implications of these findings for the academic literature and management practice.
Damage by Acromyrmex spp. to an Initial Pinus taeda L. Planting

The objective of this study is to evaluate the damage caused by Acromyrmex heyeri Forel, 1899 and Acromyrmex lobicornis Emery, 1887 to Pinus taeda L. seedlings during the first two months after replanting. The experiment was conducted in the company Bosques del Plata, located in the province of Corrientes, Argentina. The evaluations were carried out at seven, 14, 21, 36, 50 and 65 days after replanting the seedlings, when the number of dead, alive, non-attacked, alive deneedled, and alive deneedled with cuts/damage to the apical bud by leaf-cutting ants was quantified. The results allow us to conclude that A. heyeri and A. lobicornis are responsible for losses to the order of 20.8% of the seedlings in an initial P. taeda stand at 65 days. The damage caused to seedlings by the two leaf-cutting ant species is constant over time, in which A. lobicornis is more voracious than A. heyeri.
Morphological and Physiological Responses Induced by Protein Hydrolysate-Based Biostimulant and Nitrogen Rates in Greenhouse Spinach

Plant-derived protein hydrolysates (PHs) are gaining prominence as biostimulants due to their potential to improve yield and nutritional quality even under suboptimal nutrient regimens. In this study, we investigated the effects of foliar application of a legume-derived PH (0 or 4 mL L−1) on greenhouse baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under four nitrogen (N) fertilization levels (0, 15, 30, or 45 kg ha−1) by evaluating morphological and colorimetric parameters, mineral composition, carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids. The fresh yield in untreated and biostimulant-treated spinach plants increased in response to an increase in N fertilization from 1 up to 30 kg ha−1, reaching a plateau thereafter indicating the luxury consumption of N at 45 kg ha−1. Increasing N fertilization rate, independently of PH, lead to a significant increase of all amino acids with the exception of alanine, GABA, leucine, lysine, methionine, and ornithine but decreased the polyphenols content. Interestingly, the fresh yield at 0 and 15 kg ha−1 was clearly greater in PH-treated plants compared to untreated plants by 33.3% and 24.9%, respectively. This was associated with the presence in of amino acids and small peptides PH ‘Trainer®’, which act as signaling molecules eliciting auxin- and/or gibberellin-like activities on both leaves and roots and thus inducing a “nutrient acquisition response” that enhances nutrients acquisition and assimilation (high P, Ca, and Mg accumulation) as well as an increase in the photochemical efficiency and activity of photosystem II (higher SPAD index). Foliar applications of the commercial PH decreased the polyphenols content, but on the other hand strongly increased total amino acid content (+45%, +82%, and +59% at 0, 15, and 30 kg ha−1, respectively) but not at a 45-kg ha−1-rate. Overall, the use of PH could represent a sustainable tool for boosting yield and nitrogen use efficiency and coping with soil fertility problems under low input regimens.
Evidence of limiting similarity revealed using a conservative assessment of coexistence

The concept of limiting similarity is important in ecology because it encapsulates the expectation under niche theory that differences among species are fundamental to coexistence. A growing body of research has tested for evidence of limiting similarity, but only a small number of studies have produced support. Here, using relevant field data, we highlight one possible explanation for the paucity of support for limiting similarity. We test whether coexisting plant species that share bees as pollinators flower asynchronously, a form of temporal niche separation consistent with limiting similarity. Our results provide evidence of limiting similarity, adding to the small collection of null model studies that have thus far done so. Our work also provides evidence that temporal niche variation may be an important niche axis that broadly contributes to species coexistence. Finally, we demonstrate that a more conservative assessment of coexistence that includes only individual plants that have achieved reproduction, is consequential in whether we find evidence of significant flowering asynchrony in this study. We conclude that the conservative approach to assessing coexistence that we present here can reduce noise in coexistence data, improving our power to test for evidence consistent with limiting similarity. Using this approach may or may not result in an increase in evidence supporting limiting similarity; however, it will certainly give researchers more confidence that they have not missed existing evidence of limiting similarity.
The effect of intellectual capital disclosure on cost of capital: Evidence from technology intensive firms in Indonesia

There has been an increasing interest in intellectual capital due to the shift from the economical aspect into knowledge and information management aspect. Currently, public firms in Indonesia are not required by accounting standards or law to disclose most of their intellectual capital. However, firms may voluntarily choose to disclose such information. This research aims to examine the level of voluntary intellectual capital disclosure and also the effect of intellectual capital disclosure in firm’s annual report on cost of equity and cost of debt. The sample used is technology-intensive industry listed firms year 2010. It shows that the level of intellectual capital disclosure in firm’s annual report is relatively still low with an average of 35.77%. It also shows that there is a negative effect between intellectual capital disclosure and cost of equity. However, intellectual capital disclosure does not have significant effect on cost of debt. A R T I C L E I N F O Article history: Received 3 October 2014 Revised 1 December 2014 Accepted 18 December 2014 JEL Classification: G32
Decision Making in the Pension Fund Board Room: An Experiment with Dutch Pension Fund Trustees

We ask how pension fund trustees deal with the booms and busts that funds encounter, and to what extent the decisions of pension fund trustees are affected by behavioral biases. We examine these issues by using a vignette-method field experiment among Dutch pension fund trustees. We find that trustees display choices that accord with the phenomenon of loss aversion and that trustees allow their choices to be affected by the forces of social comparison: the reserve position of their fund compared to the position of other funds has a significant influence in choosing a pension fund policy mix.