Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VARIOUS SPECIES OF PHYTOPLANKTON AS FOOD FOR LARVAL NORTHERN ANCHOVY, ENGRAULIS MORDAK, AND RELATIVE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF THE DINOFLAGELLATES GYMNODINIUM SPLENDENS AND GONYAULAX POLYEDRA

First feeding northern anchovy larvae were presented with a variety of phytoplankters common to coastal waters of southern California to determine which species are acceptable as food. Most of the larvae ate the four species of dinoflagellates tested in feeding experiments but did not feed on diatoms or small flagellates. Larval rearing experiments were conducted to compare the nutritional value of Gymnodinium splendens and Gonyaulax polyedra, two species of dinoflagellates readily eaten by anchovy larvae and known to predominate in the chlorphyll maximum layers off the southern California coast. Gymnodinium splendens was a nutritional food for the first 10 days of larval life, but Gonyaulax polyedra was judged to be inadequate. Supplementing the G. polyedra diet with micro200plankton increased larval survival comparable to survival on a microzooplankton diet alone. When the Gymnodinium splendens diet was supplemented with micr0200plankton, the larvae grew faster but survival did not increase. Results are discussed in relation to studies on larval survival in the Southern California Bight during 1974 and 1975. The strength of a year class offish may depend on availability of food organisms during the early larval stages (May 1974). Consequently, there have been attempts to assess the abundance of planktonic organisms in larval feeding areas as a step towards predicting year class success (Shel­ bourne 1957; Bainbridge and Forsyth 1971; Lasker 1975, in press). For this approach to be suc­ cessful, additional information is also necessary concerning: 1) selection ofprey by the fish larvae, 2) concentration and size of food organisms nec­ essary to initiate feeding by the fish larvae, 3) nutritional value of the food that the larvae select, and 4) temporal and spatial distribution of the food organisms in the feeding area. The northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, larva has been studied in the laboratory and many criteria for successful feeding have been deter­ mined (Lasker et al. 1970; O'Connell and Ray­ mcmd 1970; Hunter 1972, 1976; Hunter and Thomas 1974). Results of these studies indicate that first feeding anchovy larvae require small particles «100 p,m in smallest dimension) at
Method to estimate the effective temperatures of late-type giants using line-depth ratios in the wavelength range 0.97-1.32 μm

The effective temperature, one of the most fundamental atmospheric parameters of a star, can be estimated using various methods, and here we focus on the method using line-depth ratios (LDRs). This method combines low- and high-excitation lines and makes use of relations between LDRs of these line pairs and the effective temperature. It has an advantage, for example, of being minimally affected by interstellar reddening, which changes stellar colours. We report 81 relations between LDRs and the effective temperature established with high-resolution, $\lambda /\Delta \lambda \sim 28,000$, spectra of nine G- to M-type giants in Y and J bands. Our analysis gives the first comprehensive set of LDR relations for this wavelength range. The combination of all these relations can be used to determine the effective temperatures of stars that have 3700
Value Creation of Cash Mergers. Empirical Investigation

We examine the gains to shareholders of public firms that acquire public companies in cash transactions. Our results suggest that it is not Tobin’s q and free cash flow of the acquirer which are the main determinants of the bidders’ CARs, but rather the industry relatedness of the acquiring firm and the target. Our results show a marginal leverage effect on the bidders’ abnormal returns and support the free cash flow hypothesis for unrelated acquisitions only.
Invariant subspaces for H2 spaces of σ ‐finite algebras

We show that a Beurling type theory of invariant subspaces of noncommutative H2 spaces holds true in the setting of subdiagonal subalgebras of σ ‐finite von Neumann algebras. This extends earlier work by Blecher and Labuschagne on finite algebras, and complements more recent contributions in this regard by Bekjan and Chen, Hadwin and Shen in the finite setting, and Sager in the semifinite setting.
Near- And Far-field Tsunami Hazard From the Potential Flank Collapse of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano

As demonstrated in the pioneering (but still controversial) work by Ward and Day (2001), the potential flank collapse of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano (CVV) on La Palma (Canary Islands) could result in a large tsunami having effects throughout the North Atlantic Ocean. While recent studies have suggested that such a collapse would likely result in more moderate tsunami waves than originally thought, these would still cause devastating effects in the near-field on neighboring Canary Islands, and their far-field coastal hazard would still be significant at some locations, and hence ought to be assessed. Abadie et al. (2011) simulated landslide tsunami generation from various CVV flank collapse scenarios, using a 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) multi-fluid VOF model (THETIS) with implicit slide motion. As 3D-NS computations are both too computationally demanding and affected by numerical diffusion, they computed near-field impact in a coupled long-wave Boussinesq model (FUNWAVE-TVD). Here, for a similar series of CVV flank collapse scenarios (with 20, 40, 80, and 450 km3 volume), we further simulate and analyze the nearfield tsunami impact, and compute far-field propagation and coastal impact at distant locations (such as North America, western Europe and west Africa). A similar one-way model coupling approach is used between THETIS and a Cartesian, fully nonlinear version of FUNWAVETVD to compute near-field effects in a fine regional grid (about 15” arc mesh). Results in the latter grid are then used to initialize an ocean basin-scale grid (2’ arc mesh) and compute far-field tsunami propagation, using a weakly nonlinear spherical coordinate version of FUNWAVETVD. Coastal impact is finally computed in selected locations using more finely resolved nested coastal grids (30” arc mesh). Results are analyzed in terms of wave/tsunami source characteristics, propagation features, and maximum wave elevation off distant coasts. For the most impacted coastal areas, further simulations will be performed in even finer nested grids, to compute inundation and runup. These results will be presented at the conference.
Orbital Origin of Extremely Anisotropic Superconducting Gap in Nematic Phase of FeSe Superconductor

The iron-based superconductors are characterized by multiple-orbital physics where all the five Fe 3$d$ orbitals get involved. The multiple-orbital nature gives rise to various novel phenomena like orbital-selective Mott transition, nematicity and orbital fluctuation that provide a new route for realizing superconductivity. The complexity of multiple-orbital also asks to disentangle the relationship between orbital, spin and nematicity, and to identify dominant orbital ingredients that dictate superconductivity. The bulk FeSe superconductor provides an ideal platform to address these issues because of its simple crystal structure and unique coexistence of superconductivity and nematicity. However, the orbital nature of the low energy electronic excitations and its relation to the superconducting gap remain controversial. Here we report direct observation of highly anisotropic Fermi surface and extremely anisotropic superconducting gap in the nematic state of FeSe superconductor by high resolution laser-based angle-resolved photoemission measurements. We find that the low energy excitations of the entire hole pocket at the Brillouin zone center are dominated by the single $d_{xz}$ orbital. The superconducting gap exhibits an anti-correlation relation with the $d_{xz}$ spectral weight near the Fermi level, i.e., the gap size minimum (maximum) corresponds to the maximum (minimum) of the $d_{xz}$ spectral weight along the Fermi surface. These observations provide new insights in understanding the orbital origin of the extremely anisotropic superconducting gap in FeSe superconductor and the relation between nematicity and superconductivity in the iron-based superconductors.
A Multiple Temperature Kinetic Model and its Application to Near Continuum Flows

In an early approach, we proposed a kinetic model with multiple transla- tional temperature (K. Xu, H. Liu and J. Jiang, Phys. Fluids 19, 016101 (2007)). Based on this model, the stress strain relationship in the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations is re- placed by the translational temperature relaxation terms. The kinetic model has been successfully used in both continuum and near continuum flow computations. In this paper, we will further validate the multiple translational temperature kinetic model to flow problems in multiple dimensions. First, a generalized boundary condition incor- porating the physics of Knudsen layer will be introduced into the model. Second, the direct particle collision with the wall will be considered as well for the further modifi- cation of particle collision time, subsequently a new effective viscosity coefficient will be defined. In order to apply the kinetic model to near continuum flow computations, the gas-kinetic scheme will be constructed. The first example is the pressure-driven Poiseuille flow at Knudsen number 0.1, where the anomalous phenomena between the results of the NS equations and the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo(DSMC) method will be resolved through the multiple temperature model. The so-called Burnett-order effects can be captured as well by algebraic temperature relaxation terms. Another test case is the force-driven Poiseuille flow at various Knudsen numbers. With the effec- tive viscosity approach and the generalized second-order slip boundary condition, the Knudsen minimum can be accurately obtained. The current study indicates that it is useful to use multiple temperature concept to model the non-equilibrium state in near continuum flow limit. In the continuum flow regime, the multiple temperature model will automatically recover the single temperature NS equations due to the efficient energy exchange in different directions.
Gender and career Choice Differences on Bakare Vocational Interest Inventory: Implications for Vocational Counseling In Nigeria

The study examined gender and aspired occupational differences on Bakare Vocational Interest Inventory (BVII). Two hundred and twenty (56 males and 164 females) undergraduate students participated in the study. Their ages ranged between 16-30 years with a M age of 21.79 and SD age of 2.61. The BVII by Bakare (1977) was used to gather information on the participants’ interest areas. A survey research design involving MANOVA statistical analysis was used in data analysis. The result of the findings showed significant gender differences on the Outdoor F(1,890) = 11.74, Mechanical F(1,189) = 8.28 and Computational F(1,189) = 1.47 interest areas of BVII. Similarly, aspired occupational choices differed significantly on Outdoor, F(5,189) = 3.24, Computational F(5,189) = 7.77, Artistic F(5,189) = 6.16, Musical F(5,189) = 3.25 and Clerical, F(5,189) = 2.28. Conversely, significant gender and aspired occupation interactions were found on the Outdoor F(5,189) =2.29 interest area of BVII all at p< . 05 level. The discussions centered on the import of gender item bias, gender and occupational influences as well as societal influences on vocational interests. Keywords: Career choice differences, Gender, BVII, Vocational counseling, Nigeria International Journal of Development and Management Review (INJODEMAR) Vol. 7 June, 2012
Gender and Performance of Small Scale Enterprises in Kampala, Uganda

This study sought to identify the effect of the gender of owner on the small scale enterprise performance in Kampala, Uganda. Using a four point Likert scale questionnaire to measure nonfinancial performance, a sample of 409 small businesses were considered with a response rate of 68.2%. The hypothesis: (i) There is a significant relationship between gender and performance, and (ii) There is a significant difference in performance between male owned and female owned businesses were stated. Using parametric statistical techniques such as PLCC, simple regression and the independent sample t-test, both hypotheses were accepted. The findings of this study indicated that gender significantly effects the performance the small business and that there is a significant difference in the levels of performance between male owned businesses and females owned businesses. Though the performance levels where high in both cases; the male owned businesses tend to perform better than their female counterpart.
Effects of summer temperature on growth and flowering in six black currant cultivars (Ribes nigrum L.)

Summary Growth and flowering were studied in six black currant cultivars grown under natural photoperiodic conditions at Ås, Norway (59°40'N) at constant temperatures of 9°C, 15°C, or 21°C during an entire growing season (May to late-September). Growth cessation and floral initiation were advanced and promoted by increasing temperature in the cultivars ‘Öjebyn’, ‘Ben Tron’, ‘Kristin’, ‘Ben Hope’, and ‘Narve Viking’, while early cessation of growth was advanced by low temperatures in ‘Murmanschanka’, a cultivar originating from the Kola Peninsula. In all cultivars, flowering was significantly increased by warm temperatures during the preceding growing season. A decline in growth preceded floral initiation by 2 – 3 weeks, indicating critical photoperiods of approx. 17 h and 16 h at 21°C for the two processes, respectively, for all cultivars except ‘Murmanschanka’, which initiated floral primordia shortly after mid-Summer. Warm summer temperatures also affected flowering indirectly by the promotion of growth and advancement of the transition from the juvenile stage. Although the cessation of growth was normally associated with floral initiation, small plants with less than 20 nodes ceased growing under natural short-day conditions, but were unable to undergo floral initiation. It is concluded that summer temperatures influence flowering both directly, by enhancing short-day floral induction, and indirectly, by the enhancement of growth and, thereby, advancement of the transition from the juvenile stage.
Classification of the Orthogonal Separable Webs for the Hamilton-Jacobi and Klein-Gordon Equations on 3-Dimensional Minkowski Space

We review a new theory of orthogonal separation of variables on pseudo-Riemannian spaces of constant zero curvature via concircular tensors and warped products. We then apply this theory to three-dimensional Minkowski space, obtaining an invariant classification of the forty-five orthogonal separable webs modulo the action of the isometry group. The eighty-eight inequivalent coordinate charts adapted to the webs are also determined and listed. We find a number of separable webs which do not appear in previous works in the literature. Further, the method used seems to be more efficient and concise than those employed in earlier works.
A 7-Yr Climatological Study of Land Breezes over the Florida Spaceport

Abstract Seven years of wind and temperature data from a high-resolution network of 44 towers at the Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station were used to develop an objective method for identifying land breezes, which are defined as seaward-moving wind shift lines in this study. The favored meteorological conditions for land breezes consisted of surface high pressure in the vicinity of the Florida peninsula, mainly clear skies, and light synoptic onshore flow and/or the occurrence of a sea breeze during the afternoon preceding a land breeze. The land breeze characteristics are examined for two events occurring under different weather regimes—one with light synoptic onshore flow and no daytime sea breeze, and another following a daytime sea breeze under a prevailing offshore flow. Land breezes were found to occur over east-central Florida in all months of the year and had varied onset times and circulation depths. Land breezes were most common in the spring and summer months and least com.
How “Pulaaku” Moral Value Influence Nomadic Fulani Perception and Non-Participation in Educational Community Development in Ikara District, Kaduna, Nigeria

Pastoral Fulani nomads are among the marginalized and educationally disadvantageous communities in Nigeria, and many African countries. Since education remained the mechanism for individual, community and national developments, such groups need to be given attention for the success of sustainable development goal in African nations. To achieve this, human, as well as sociocultural hindrances associated with their educational development need to be evaluated. Therefore, this study explore how pulaaku moral value influences the understanding and perception of the nomadic Fulani in education as the precipitating factor for non-participation in education in Ikara district. Two themes emerged as the findings; firstly Perception of the pastoral Fulani on education generally. Secondly factors precipitating non-participation, is presented into subthemes; strict adherence to pulaaku moral values, fear of fragmentation of social capital, lack of role model and parent ignorance. Thus, the study concluded that Fulani pastoral communities have positive perception on education, but it was evident that socio-cultural factors such as lacking role model with pulaaku principle, perception in fear of the system as a threat to social capital and ignorance influenced their low participation. Hence, there is the need for policymakers, government agencies and stakeholders to have an in-depth conceptual understanding of the Fulani values through funding ethnographic research project, and possibly integrate its ideas and those factors in the design of an acceptable nomadic education system particularly the pulaaku . Also, integrate community-based volunteer groups, purposively for advocacy and awareness will enhanced the group understanding and participation in educational community development.
Survey And Chemical Composition Of Plants Used As Herbal Remedies In Managing Poultry Animal Diseases In Ekiti-State, Nigeria.

s: Survey, Phytochemical, proximate and elemental analysis of plants used in treating poultry diseases were identified. A total of 27 plants belonging to 13 families were identified for treating various diseases of poultry ranging from common cold to diahorea, Coccidiosis, Newcastle diseases, Fowlpox etc. Argerantum conizoides, Helitricum indicum, Aframomum meleguata, Amaranthus spinosus, Azardiracta indica, Boervia diffusa, Bridelia ferruginea, Capsicum frutescens, Carica papaya, Chromolaena odorata, Cissampelos owariensis, Citrus aurantifolia, Datura stramonium and Elaeis guinensis among others were various plants identified. All the plants were found containing Alkaloid, tannins and saponins. However, Adansonia digitata, A. spinosus, A. indica, B.ferruginea, C. frutescence, C. papaya, T. vogeli and V. amygdalina contain Cardiac glycosides in addition to the Alkaloids, tannins and saponins. Proximate analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, protein, fat, ash and fibre in appreciable quantities. Capsicum annum has the highest fat content of (71.16 %) while Agerantum conizoides has the lowest of 3.72 %. Nicotiana tabacum has the highest Ash (30.59 %) while Morinda lucida has the least amount of (3.34%) ash . Aloe vera has the highest percentage(8.56 %) of protein while Azardiractha indica has the lowest of 3.34 %. Ocimum gratisimum has the highest percentage of Fibre contents of 76 . 15% while Capscicum annum has the least of 8.61%. Also, Potassium was found in higher quantity similarly to Iron, Zinc and Lead which were present at smaller and reasonable quantities.
The post-issue operating performance of IPOs in an emerging market: evidence from Istanbul Stock Exchange

We analyze the post-issue operating performance of initial public offerings at the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) as a developing market. We document a general decline in operating performance subsequent to the IPO. We then explore the relationship between managerial ownership and the change in the post-issue operating performance. We find a positive relation between the post-issue operating performance and the management ownership structure after the issue, but no relation between post-issue operating performance and underpricing level. Finally, we examine post-issue market-to-book ratio and price/earnings ratios to test the market expectations. Our results indicate post-issue declines in both ratios.
Flood frequencies reveal Holocene rapid climate changes (Lower Moulouya River, northeastern Morocco)

Current high‐resolution palaeoenvironmental records reveal short‐term Holocene coolings. One of these major Holocene rapid climate changes occurred between 3.2 and 2.7 cal. ka BP. The sensitivity of river systems vis‐à‐vis slight and short‐term Holocene climatic variations is a subject of controversy in the scientific community. In this paper, we present a 4.0 to 1.4 cal ka BP palaeoflood record from the Lower Moulouya River (northeastern Morocco) to demonstrate the high sensitivity of semiarid rivers in the southwestern Mediterranean towards Holocene environmental changes. The Lower Moulouya flood deposits are characterised by thick, well‐stratified, predominantly clayey to silty overbank fine sediments. These cohesive sediments show evidence of excellent preservation conditions against fluvial erosion and contain a continuous record of mid to late Holocene flood sequences. The Moulouya palaeoflood record can be interpreted in the context of regional and global high‐resolution proxy data, revealing a strong coupling with Holocene rapid climate changes. The centennial‐scale Moulouya palaeohydrological history will be discussed with palaeoenvironmental data from the same record (palaeomagnetics, sedimentary charcoal record, anthracological analyses, snail analyses) to generate new ideas about the mid to late Holocene hydrological cycle in the southwestern Mediterranean. The deduced features of pronounced Lower Moulouya flooding and the decreased fire recurrence during Holocene cooling remain somewhat inconsistent with the interpretation of other palaeohydrological and paleaoecological records from the southwestern Mediterranean. However, enhanced Lower Moulouya flood frequencies between 3.2 and 2.7 cal. ka BP agree with increased floodplain aggradation in other major river systems of Mediterranean North Africa. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.