Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Workload of Swedish Ambulance and Emergency Room Personnel with High Prevalence of Dying, Death and Grieving Relatives. A Descriptive and Comparison Study

Frequent caretaking of severely ill, dying, and dead people as well as bereaved close relatives could involve too much stress for emergency personnel to be satisfied with the job situation. Screening for critical aspects for work satisfaction and endurance at ambulance and emergency rooms would provide useful information to the workers themselves, their management, and for pre-hospital acute routines/programs. Two hundred and forty 40-item job-related, postal enquieries on demographical, as psychological, social, economical, and existential work aspects were sent to 26 clinical directors to be assessed by personnel at the ambulance and emergency rooms in Sweden. The response rate was 64%, the majority being nurses and nurse assistants, experiencing a very high, high, or rather high prevalence of severely ill or dead patients at their work place. The hospitals’ frequency of severely ill or dead patients predicted a higher mental workload experience in both ambulance and emergency room personnel. More personnel at the emergency rooms compared with ambulance workers expressed time pressure and were less satisfied with their caretaking, two of three reporting their job to be mentally straining as compared with one of three among the ambulance personnel. Change of work due to heavy workload was reported by one in three. The majority thought they could get used to a job with death and grieving, wellbeing however negatively affected. Still, the majority reported good health and little sick leave due to excessive workload. Several critical factors seemed important for job satisfaction among Swedish ambulance workers and personnel at the emergency rooms. Complaints about psychological stress, physically high workload, physical damage, many working hours, low salary, much shift- and night work, better vacation leave, more resources, too little time for recovery, crisis support and guidance, better routines, more explicit care programs including improved bereavement support for relatives, better possibilities for job control, self-efficacy, unit efficiency, and clearer work duties, and a family-non-conflicting job situation could favour work performance in both groups.
Sphingosine 1‐phosphate promotes cell migration through the activation of Cdc42 in Edg‐6/S1P4‐expressing cells

Background: Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (Sph‐1‐P) is a bioactive lipid mediator released from activated platelets, which regulates diverse signal transduction pathways via cell surface receptors. Recent studies have revealed that the seven‐transmembrane‐spanning receptors, Edg‐1, Edg‐3, Edg‐5, Edg‐6 and Edg‐8 are specific Sph‐1‐P receptors. Northern blot analysis has demonstrated that Edg‐6 is expressed in lymphocyte‐containing tissues such as spleen and lung. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms of Edg‐6 functions, probably because of the difficulties in expressing Edg‐6 on the cell surface.
Managing the Sovereign-Bank Nexus

This paper reviews empirical and theoretical work on the links between banks and their governments (the bank-sovereign nexus). How significant is this nexus? What do we know about it? To what extent is it a source of concern? What is the role of policy intervention? The paper concludes with a review of recent policy proposals.
Paleobiogeographical extinction patterns of Permian brachiopods in the Asian–western Pacific region

Abstract Spatial and temporal variations in biological diversity are critical in understanding the role of biogeographical regulation (if any) on mass extinctions. An analysis based on a latest database of the stratigraphic ranges of 89 Permian brachiopod families, 422 genera, and 2059 species within the Boreal, Paleoequatorial, and Gondwanan Realms in the Asian–western Pacific region suggests two discrete mass extinctions, each possibly with different causes. Using species/family rarefaction analysis, we constructed diversity curves for late Artinskian–Kungurian, Roadian–Wordian, Capitanian, and Wuchiapingian intervals for filtering out uneven sampling intensities. The end-Changhsingian (latest Permian) extinction eliminated 87–90% of genera and 94–96% of species of Brachiopoda. The timing of the end-Changhsingian extinction of brachiopods in the carbonate settings of South China and southern Tibet indicates that brachiopods suffered a rapid extinction within a short interval just below the Permian/Triassic boundary. In comparison, the end-Guadalupian/late Guadalupian extinction is less profound and varies temporally in different realms. Brachiopods in the western Pacific sector of the Boreal Realm nearly disappeared by the end-Guadalupian but experienced a relatively long-term press extinction spanning the entire Guadalupian in the Gondwanan Realm. The end-Guadalupian brachiopod diversity fall is not well reflected at the timescale used here in the Paleoequatorial Realm because the life-depleted early Wuchiapingian was overlapped by a rapid radiation phase in the late Wuchiapingian. The Guadalupian fall appears to be related to the dramatic reduction of habitat area for the brachiopods, which itself is associated with the withdrawal of seawater from continental Pangea and the closure of the Sino-Mongolian seaway by the end-Guadalupian.
Corporate annual reports (CARS) : accounting practices in transition

The main goal of this book is to explain the way in which accounting practices that are constantly in transition generate the information that is disclosed in corporate annual reports (CARS). The book shows that CARS may be seen as a product of two main interrelated information processing systems, the first being the mandatory financial information system (MFIS) and the second the discretionary information system (DIS). The MFIS uses accounting practices such as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in producing the information disclosed in CARS. On the other hand, the DIS, in order to provide a complete picture of business entities, uses discretionary accounting practices to produce the contextual information contained in CARS. These discretionary accounting practices are also in transition. They cater for the production of information on the business environment, and provide an operating and financial review, overview of strategy, risk areas, forward-looking information, key performance indicators and information on corporate governance and transparency. Contextual disclosures may be used to develop mandatory disclosures
Use of Drinking Protective Behavioral Strategies and Sexual Perceptions and Behaviors in U.S. College Students

Alcohol use among college students is linked to an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors, including casual sex and unprotected sex. These behaviors increase college students' risks for negative social and health-related consequences. This study examined the relationship between drinking behaviors and protective behavioral strategies (PBS), expectancies and perceptions of sexual risk, and actual alcohol-related sexual behaviors and consequences. Sexually active college students completed Web-based self-report measures of drinking behaviors and use of PBS, alcohol expectancies and perceptions of risk, and sexual behaviors and related consequences (n = 524; 57.1% women). Findings indicated that PBS were related to lower expectancies of sexual risk and sexual disinhibition, and among lighter drinkers, lower expectancies of sexual enhancement from alcohol. PBS were also related to decreased perceptions of sexual-related risks, some alcohol-related sexual behaviors, including number of drinks before/during sex, and number of sexual consequences, but were not related to abstaining during sex, frequency of alcohol-related sexual behaviors, or general condom use. These findings demonstrate a disconnect between perceived and actual risks among college students, such that decreased perceptions of risk may not be associated with protective behaviors. Prevention and intervention implications are discussed.
Using Marketing Strategies to Advance Millennial Prospects at Credit Unions in Jamaica

Using Marketing Strategies to Advance Millennial Prospects at Credit Unions in Jamaica by Minetta Edwards MBA, University of Technology, 2010 BS, Northern Caribbean University, 2008 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University March 2018 Abstract Content of marketing strategies not only appeals to consumers based on their demographics and identity but consumers can also respond more positively to marketing strategies that target their purchasing behaviors. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore how financial advisors at credit unions in Jamaica are using marketing strategies to advance millennial prospects, in an environment where consumersContent of marketing strategies not only appeals to consumers based on their demographics and identity but consumers can also respond more positively to marketing strategies that target their purchasing behaviors. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore how financial advisors at credit unions in Jamaica are using marketing strategies to advance millennial prospects, in an environment where consumers recognize commercial banks as the dominant institution in the financial industry. The conceptual framework for this study was the sustainability theory, with a direct focus on economic sustainability. The data collection process involved semistructured face-toface-interviews with 5 financial advisors from credit unions in Jamaica to explore marketing strategies they used to increase the sale of financial services to millennials to improve their businesses’ performance. Analysis of the audio recordings and handwritten field notes included methodological triangulation and grouping information into themes that were prevalent in the data. The coding process yielded 5 major themes – marketing strategies and funding, financial literacy, the impact of information technology, product design, development and modification and measures of success. The study results provided by the financial advisors to millennials could show how marketing communication strategies can contribute to millennials’ financial literacy and enhance their financial stability and extend their economic sustainability. Using Marketing Strategies to Advance Millennial Prospects at Credit Unions in Jamaica Proposal by Minetta Edwards MBA, University of Technology, 2010 BS, Northern Caribbean University, 2008 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University March 2018 Dedication This study is dedicated to my two grandchildren Jayla and Jayden.
Fatal encephalitis due to the scuticociliate Uronema nigricans in sea-caged , southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii

A syndrome characterized by atypical swimming behaviour followed by rapid death was first reported in captive southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau) in the winter of 1993. The cause of this behaviour was found to be a parasitic encephalitis due to the scuticociliate Uronema nigricans (Mueller) Based on parasitological and histological findings, it is proposed that the parasites initially colonise the olfactory rosettes and then ascend the olfactory nerves to eventually invade the brain. Possible epidemiological factors ~nvolved in the pathogenesis of the disease include water temperature (<18"C) and the immune status of the fish.
Growth on octane alters the membrane lipid fatty acids of Pseudomonas oleovorans due to the induction of alkB and synthesis of octanol

Growth of Pseudomonas oleovorans GPo1, which contains the OCT plasmid, on octane results in changes in the membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition. These changes were not found for GPo12, an OCT-plasmid-cured variant of GPo1, during growth in the presence or absence of octane, implying the involvement of OCT-plasmid-encoded functions. When recombinant strain GPo12(pGEc47) carrying the alk genes from the OCT plasmid was grown on octane, the cells showed the same changes in fatty acid composition as those found for GPo1, indicating that such changes result from induction and expression of the alk genes. This finding was corroborated by inducing GPo12(pGEc47) with dicyclopropylketone (DCPK), a gratuitous inducer of the alk genes. Further experiments showed that the increase of the mean acyl chain length of fatty acids is related to the expression of alkB, which encodes a major integral membrane protein, while the formation of trans unsaturated fatty acids mainly results from the effects of 1-octanol, an octane oxidation product.
Bone Cell-autonomous Contribution of Type 2 Cannabinoid Receptor to Breast Cancer-induced Osteolysis*

Background: CB2 is implicated in bone remodeling and tumor growth. Results: CB2 activation enhances breast cancer-induced bone cell activity and osteolysis via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion: CB2-selective antagonism has potential efficacy in cancer-associated bone disease. Significance: CB2 activation by phytocannabinoids might be detrimental in breast cancer patients with advanced malignancy. The cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) has previously been implicated as a regulator of tumor growth, bone remodeling, and bone pain. However, very little is known about the role of the skeletal CB2 receptor in the regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts changes associated with breast cancer. Here we found that the CB2-selective agonists HU308 and JWH133 reduced the viability of a variety of parental and bone-tropic human and mouse breast cancer cells at high micromolar concentrations. Under conditions in which these ligands are used at the nanomolar range, HU308 and JWH133 enhanced human and mouse breast cancer cell-induced osteoclastogenesis and exacerbated osteolysis, and these effects were attenuated in cultures obtained from CB2-deficient mice or in the presence of a CB2 receptor blocker. HU308 and JWH133 had no effects on osteoblast growth or differentiation in the presence of conditioned medium from breast cancer cells, but under these circumstances both agents enhanced parathyroid hormone-induced osteoblast differentiation and the ability to support osteoclast formation. Mechanistic studies in osteoclast precursors and osteoblasts showed that JWH133 and HU308 induced PI3K/AKT activity in a CB2-dependent manner, and these effects were enhanced in the presence of osteolytic and osteoblastic factors such as RANKL (receptor activator of NFκB ligand) and parathyroid hormone. When combined with published work, these findings suggest that breast cancer and bone cells exhibit differential responses to treatment with CB2 ligands depending upon cell type and concentration used. We, therefore, conclude that both CB2-selective activation and antagonism have potential efficacy in cancer-associated bone disease, but further studies are warranted and ongoing.
Relation of face shape to susceptibility to congenital cleft lip. A preliminary report.

It is becoming increasingly clear that the genetic basis for the predisposition to congenital cleft lip is a multifactorially determined threshold character (Fraser, 1963; Carter, 1964, 1969; Fraser, 1970). That is, a number of genetic and environmental factors, individually indistinguishable, interact to determine whether a given developmental event reaches a certain threshold necessary for normal development. If it does, the resulting baby is born without the defect; if it does not, the baby is born with a malformation. For cleft of the secondary palate the nature of the developmental event and threshold are beginning to be understood. The palate shelves must move from either side of the tongue to above the tongue and meet in the midline before growth of the head has carried them too far apart to reach each other (Fraser, Walker, and Trasler, 1957; Fraser, 1968, 1969). For cleft of the primary palate and lip (hereafter referred to as cleft lip), virtually nothing is known about the nature of the developmental threshold. Observations on the relevant susceptibility of two inbred mouse strains to cleft lip induced by maternal treatment with aspirin (Trasler, 1965) have suggested that the relevant developmental threshold may be related to the shape of the embryonic primordial face (Trasler, 1968). If the shape of the embryonic face is related to the shape of the postnatal face, and if face shape is at least in part genetically determined, and if face shape is indeed related to the predisposition to cleft lip, it follows that the parents of children with congenital cleft lip should have faces that are, on the average, of a different shape than those of the general
Identification of a Group 1-Like Capsular Polysaccharide Operon for Vibrio vulnificus

ABSTRACT Virulence of Vibrio vulnificus correlates with changes in colony morphology that are indicative of a reversible phase variation for expression of capsular polysaccharide (CPS). Encapsulated variants are virulent with opaque colonies, whereas phase variants with reduced CPS expression are attenuated and are translucent. Using TnphoA mutagenesis, we identified a V.vulnificus CPS locus, which included an upstreamops element, a wza gene (wzaVv), and several open reading frames with homology to CPS biosynthetic genes. This genetic organization is characteristic of group 1 CPS operons. The wzagene product is required for transport of CPS to the cell surface inEscherichia coli. Polar transposon mutations inwzaVv eliminated expression of downstream biosynthetic genes, confirming operon structure. On the other hand, nonpolar inactivation of wzaVv was specific for CPS transport, did not alter CPS biosynthesis, and could be complemented in trans. Southern analysis of CPS phase variants revealed deletions or rearrangements at this locus. A survey of environmental isolates indicated a correlation between deletions inwzaVv and loss of virulent phenotype, suggesting a genetic mechanism for CPS phase variation. Full virulence in mice required surface expression of CPS and supported the essential role of capsule in the pathogenesis of V.vulnificus.
African Swine Fever Virus Is Wrapped by the Endoplasmic Reticulum

ABSTRACT African swine fever (ASF) virus is a large DNA virus that shares the striking icosahedral symmetry of iridoviruses and the genomic organization of poxviruses. Both groups of viruses have a complex envelope structure. In this study, the mechanism of formation of the inner envelope of ASF virus was investigated. Examination of thin cryosections by electron microscopy showed two internal membranes in mature intracellular virions and all structural intermediates. These membranes were in continuity with intracellular membrane compartments, suggesting that the virus gained two membranes from intracellular membrane cisternae. Immunogold electron microscopy showed the viral structural protein p17 and resident membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) within virus assembly sites, virus assembly intermediates, and mature virions. Resident ER proteins were also detected by Western blotting of isolated virions. The data suggested the ASF virus was wrapped by the ER. Analysis of the published sequence of ASF virus (R. J. Yanez et al., Virology 208:249–278, 1995) revealed a reading frame, XP124L, that encoded a protein predicted to translocate into the lumen of the ER. Pulse-chase immunoprecipitation and glycosylation analysis of pXP124L, the product of the XP124L gene, showed that pXP124L was retained in the ER lumen after synthesis. When analyzed by immunogold electron microscopy, pXP124L localized to virus assembly intermediates and fully assembled virions. Western blot analysis detected pXP124L in virions isolated from Percoll gradients. The packaging of pXP124L from the lumen of the ER into the virion is consistent with ASF virus being wrapped by ER cisternae: a mechanism which explains the presence of two membranes in the viral envelope.
CRM Framework for Higher Education in Mauritius

This research paper provides a conceptual CRM framework that may be used by public universities in Mauritius for managing student relationships. Several important components have been identified for improving relationships with students based on a survey carried out with students and staff in the different public universities in Mauritius. The research findings show that people integrity and trust, communication and adaptation, facilitation and support, technological support and student engagement activities are the most important factors for improving relationship building. The rationale of the study is built upon the increasing number of student complaints and problems in the public universities. The research outcome will be highly beneficial for the different stakeholders in higher education.
Role of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ( MTHFR ) C 677 T Mutation in Cardiac Syndrome X

Background: Cardiac syndrome X (angina-like chest pain, positive stress ECG, and normal coronary angiogram) has serious medical complications. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) may be an important factor associated with the disease. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the association between MTHFR C677T mutation and cardiac syndrome X (CSX) in Sudanese population. Materials and methods: A total of 50 patients with CSX and their matching controls were enrolled in this study. Venous blood sample was collected from each participant in Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA). DNA was extracted from blood samples using guanidine chloride method and MTHFR mutation was detected by polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 18. Results: The mean age for patients was 44.98 years and for controls was 40.38 years. MTHFR C677T was significantly associated with CSX (20% versus 4% in control group; P.value: 0.014); the frequency of the heterozygous allele was higher than the homozygous allele (20% vs. 2%). Conclusion: MTHFR C677T is associated with CSX in Sudanese population. The mutation may be used as a molecular screening tool for the disease.
Willingness of beef finishers to participate in supply chain collaborations

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence beef farmers’ willingness to participate in supply chain collaboration initiatives and to identify attributes in formal and non-formal agreements that would encourage or discourage participation. Design/methodology/approach A face-to-face survey containing a choice experiment was carried out. Respondents were selected using stratified sampling among beef finishers in Northern Ireland. Logistic regressions were employed to examine the factors associated with willingness and agreement attributes. Findings Larger and more specialised farms, as well as farmers with higher education attainment are shown to be more likely to participate in collaboration arrangements with downstream buyers. The choice experiment results suggest that farmers are in general willing to fulfil some feeding requirements in order to earn a premium, while a minimum price guarantee is not attractive. The positive valuation of data sharing between farms and abattoirs is found specifically among farmers with higher qualifications. Although education is shown to have positive impacts on both participation in collaboration agreements and the valuation of contract attributes, the level of education associated with the positive impacts differ. In addition, farmers who have enroled in agri-environmental schemes view the requirement of a written contract more favourably than those who have not. Originality/value The study adds to the understanding of how beef farmers view participation within supply chain collaborations and also how the potential features of the collaboration relate to characteristics of farmers and their farms.