Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Analysts Influence Corporate Financing and Investment

"We examine whether abnormal analyst coverage influences the external financing and investment decisions of the firm. Controlling for self-selection bias in analysts' excessive coverage, we find that firms with high (low) analyst coverage consistently engage in higher (lower) external financing than do their industry peers of similar size. Our evidence also demonstrates that firms with excessive analyst coverage overinvest and realize lower future returns than do firms with low analyst coverage. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that analysts favor the coverage of firms that have the potential to engage in profitable investment-banking business. " Copyright (c) 2008 Financial Management Association International.
The Great Mortality: An Intimate History of the Black Death, the Most Devastating Plague of All Time

Preparing the books to read every day is enjoyable for many people. However, there are still many people who also don't like reading. This is a problem. But, when you can support others to start reading, it will be better. One of the books that can be recommended for new readers is the great mortality an intimate history of the black death the most devastating plague of all time. This book is not kind of difficult book to read. It can be read and understand by the new readers.
TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL: ACCEPTANCE OF DIGITAL NOVELS AMONG NOVEL READERS

The readers' acceptance of novels in digital format is an important thing that must be understood, given the huge market potential of the novel. Although digital novels offer many conveniences, not necessarily readers who have enjoyed digital novels will continue to use. So, this study aims to find out whether other factors such as perceived convenience and perceived price as an external factor in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) also influence the readiness of individuals to continue using digital novels. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The sampling technique uses judgmental sampling, with a sample of 200 digital novel readers. Data analysis used in the statistical analysis of this study is SEM-LISREL. The results of this study indicate that perceived convenience and perceived price together with the variables perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive effect on attitude toward using. The attitude toward using has a positive effect on the behavioral intention to use, and the intention to use also has a positive effect on actual system use, where actual system use also has a positive effect on satisfaction when using a digital novel and has implications for the intention to continue using the digital novel. The readers' acceptance of novels in digital format is an important thing that must be understood, given the huge market potential of the novel. Although digital novels offer many conveniences, not necessarily readers who have enjoyed digital novels will continue to use. So, this study aims to find out whether other factors such as perceived convenience and perceived price as an external factor in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) also influence the readiness of individuals to continue using digital novels. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The sampling technique uses judgmental sampling, with a sample of 200 digital novel readers. Data analysis used in the statistical analysis of this study is SEM-LISREL. The results of this study indicate that perceived convenience and perceived price together with the variables perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive effect on attitude toward using. The attitude toward using has a positive effect on the behavioral intention to use, and the intention to use also has a positive effect on actual system use, where actual system use also has a positive effect on satisfaction when using a digital novel and has implications for the intention to continue using the digital novel.
Metode-Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berdasarkan Pendekatan Komunikatif Untuk Meningkatkan Kecakapan Berbahasa

Pendekatan Komunikatif merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran bahasa yang lebih menekankan kepada penguasaan kecakapan berbahasa dari pada struktur bahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan pendekatan komunikatif melalui berbagai metode pembelajaran dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab untuk meningkatkan kecakapan berbahasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi pustaka yang datanya berasal dari berbagai sumber kepustakaan yang relevan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode-metode pembelajaran yang berbasis pada pendekatan komunikatif merupakan metode-metode yang lebih menekankan kepada kemahiran menyimak dan berbicara. tujuan pembelajaran yang ingin dicapai melalui berbagai metode ini adalah supaya pembelajar bisa berkomunikasi dengan bahasa target yang dipelajari kapanpun dan dimanapun yang mana hal tersebut yang sesuai dengan hakikat belajar bahasa.
Measuring motivation in physical education among Chinese and Spanish adolescents: Comparing the psychometric properties of perceived locus of causality scale

The present study aimed to measure motivation in physical education by the Perceived Locus of Causality Scale (PLOC) within a cross-cultural context. A sample of 2,293 adolescents from China (n = 1,287) and Spain (n = 1,006) completed the scales. The results largely supported the reliability and the validity of PLOC in both cultures as well as its cross-cultural equivalence except three problematic items found in the Chinese sample. Moreover, Chinese adolescents scored higher in intrinsic motivation and identified regulation, and lower in introjected regulation, external regulation, and amotivation than Spanish adolescents. These findings supported the universality of motivation structure across different cultures. However, problematic items encountered in Chinese adolescents and differences in motivation suggest that cultural values may cause adolescents to interpret certain motives differently, which highlighted the importance of cultural adaptation when measuring adolescents' motivation.
A framework for enhancing the research culture within the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of the Free State

formulation Orientation standpoint Epistemological and ontological viewpoints Constructivist relativism Researcher’s personal research paradigm cf. 3.2 Theoretical framework Descriptive, interpretative, various qualitative approaches Phenomenological, based on Heidegger’s hermeneutical approach The use of theory to interpret the context cf. 2.2 Research praxis Foundational focus Render explicit specific or underlying phenomenon Researcher sets aside Some suppositions Personal assumptions and opinions cf. 3.7. 8 Internal (researcher) supposition Personal beliefs, values, assumptions and experiences Values, judgements are identified and made transparent Researcher’s beliefs of tolerance, inclusivity and equity External (phenomenon) supposition The larger environment Unable to set aside Researcher being a UFS FoHS employee Temporal structure Duration of bracketing During preparation; awareness in analysis phase Open declaration of when bracketing occurred cf. 3.4. 3.1; 3.7. 8 Parenthesis Ideal, natural and designed Designed Choice of researcher Bracketing before data collection took place Reintegration Unbracketing and Investment Reintegration of data into the larger research Integrated after identification in an attempt to minimise impact cf. 8.5 There exist distinct phases of bracketing and a formalised typology of bracketing, dependent of the research paradigm and methodology of the study. Reflexive bracketing is
How to Investigate the Origins of Novelty: Insights Gained from Genetic, Behavioral, and Fitness Perspectives

Synopsis Biologists are drawn to the most extraordinary adaptations in the natural world, often referred to as evolutionary novelties, yet rarely do we understand the microevolutionary context underlying the origins of novel traits, behaviors, or ecological niches. Here we discuss insights gained into the origins of novelty from a research program spanning biological levels of organization from genotype to fitness in Caribbean pupfishes. We focus on a case study of the origins of novel trophic specialists on San Salvador Island, Bahamas and place this radiation in the context of other rapid radiations. We highlight questions that can be addressed about the origins of novelty at different biological levels, such as measuring the isolation of novel phenotypes on the fitness landscape, locating the spatial and temporal origins of adaptive variation contributing to novelty, detecting dysfunctional gene regulation due to adaptive divergence, and connecting behaviors with novel traits. Evolutionary novelties are rare, almost by definition, and we conclude that integrative case studies can provide insights into this rarity relative to the dynamics of adaptation to more common ecological niches and repeated parallel speciation, such as the relative isolation of novel phenotypes on fitness landscapes and the transient availability of ecological, genetic, and behavioral opportunities.
The Effect of Participation in Advanced Placement And/or Dual Credit on Four-year Graduation Rates.

Advanced Placement and dual credit programs are designed for high school students and are used to earn college credit and possibly gain college admissions advantages. The present research examined the impact of participation in one or both programs on four-year college graduation rates. Findings indicated significant differences between the programs as well as with students who did not participate in either program. Students in AP achieved the highest four-year graduation rate, followed by students in dual credit, both programs, and neither program. These findings indicate the need for further study to determine whether the programs substantially contribute to four-year graduation rates and what the implications are.
30 MRI and MRCP for Diagnosis and Staging of Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is a challenge for imaging. Close attention to technique is necessary to optimize the contrast between this type of tumor, which is typically ill-defined, and the normal-enhancing pancreatic parenchyma to optimize the ability to identify the disease. Tumor is best visualized on fat-suppressed T1-weighted images and on the pancreatic parenchymal phase of dynamic gadolinium-enhanced imaging, but liver metastases and venous involvement by tumor are best seen on the portal venous phase of a dynamic enhanced imaging technique. Also important is the knowledge of the differential diagnosis for pancreatic cancer, which includes chronic pancreatitis, lymphoma, and metastases. Thin and thick sections MRCP imaging are useful to provide a comprehensive overview of biliary and pancreatic ductal anatomy and to evaluate intraductal pathology. The knowledge of the anatomy of the common hepatic artery, celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, and the splenic artery and vein is necessary to understand local staging and can be well depicted with current 3D dynamic techniques. Issues in staging that need to be understood are assessing the extent of circumferential involvement of arteries, patency of venous structures, and extent of venous involvement. MRI also has a very useful role in the identification of liver metastases, and several new developments such as liver specific contrast agents have improved MRI’s accuracy in this regard.
VALIDATION OF A SCHOOL CLIMATE INSTRUMENT USING A RASCH RATING SCALE MODEL

OF DISSERTATION VALIDATION OF A SCHOOL CLIMATE INSTRUMENT USING A RASCH RATING SCALE MODEL A new ESSA indicator of school quality and student success provides flexibility to broaden a states’ definition of school and student success. Educational research has found school success is in part determined by a school’s climate and should be considered in improvement/reform strategies (Cohen et al., 2009; Thapa et al., 2013). Yet, school climate research is often difficult and time consuming, and employs a variety of conflicting definitions and dimensions, instruments, and empirical approaches to determining school climate. Given these significant limitations with current measures, the purpose of this study was to validate an instrument measuring school climate based on the four most commonly accepted dimensions of school climate, using items adapted from a well-regarded and established theoretical framework to provide an effective measure for educators and researchers. The sample selected for this study was a portion of teachers who indicated teaching 3rd or 8th grade as their primary teaching assignment (n=500) from the larger study sample (n=4974). A Rasch Rating Scale Model was used to evaluate unidimensionality, item fit and difficulty, reliability, and potential differential item functioning on a 23-item school climate survey. Results of the study showed the instrument was not unidimensional and was split into two subdimensions: student-centered and teacher/school support. All items were retained and displayed appropriate fit. Significant differential item functioning (DIF) was found between 3rd and 8th grade teachers on both subdimensions, further suggesting multidimensionality in the scale. Study findings suggest researchers should be mindful of any school climate instrument not validated at the item level for unidimensionality, and that an instrument may perform differently for teachers at different grade levels.
From “Just Say No” to “I Didn’t Inhale” to We Have “Bigger Fish to Fry”: The President, The Media, and Attitudes Toward Marijuana Legalization

ABSTRACT Public opinion concerning marijuana legalization has varied greatly over time. While prior research suggests presidential drug rhetoric is related to public opinions on drugs, the relationship between the sitting president and attitudes specifically toward marijuana has not been explored. This study utilized data from the General Social Survey and the American Presidency Project to examine the relationship between the president and Americans’ attitudes toward marijuana legalization from 1975 through 2016. Findings indicate that confidence in the executive branch, fear of crime, and presidential drug rhetoric predict attitudes toward legalization despite controls for other factors such as estimated levels of marijuana use and arrests. These findings are discussed in the context of prior research that suggests presidential rhetoric, drug enforcement, and fear of crime may be related to American attitudes toward marijuana legalization.
A Longitudinal test of the bidirectional relationships between intergroup contact, prejudice, dispositional empathy, and social dominance orientation

We conducted a longitudinal study to test the bi-directional relationships between intergroup contact, prejudice and a range of individual difference variables relevant to intergroup relations such as social dominance orientation (SDO) and dispositional empathy (empathic concern, perspective-taking). Participants were Italian high-school students, who completed a questionnaire at two time points separated by an interval of approximately seven months focusing on immigrants as the outgroup. Results provide support for the importance of contact in reducing prejudice and changing personality. In particular, contact (i.e., cross-group friendships) was longitudinally associated with less SDO (although the effect was marginal) and more positive behavioral intentions. In addition, SDO revealed negative effects over time, on dispositional empathy and behavioral intentions. Mixed findings emerged for dispositional empathy, with positive effects for perspective-taking (negative association with SDO), and negative effects for empathic concern (negative association with contact, and positive associations with SDO and avoidance behavioral tendencies). Results are discussed in terms of importance of an approach that takes into account both situational and personality variables, and of the need to conduct studies that simultaneously consider a wide range of variables relevant to prejudice.
Cateterismo vesical intermitente realizado pelos cuidadores domiciliares em um serviço de atenção domiciliar

This descriptive and exploratory study aims at evaluating intermittent catheterization performed by caregivers to users registered at the Home Care Service in Betim, Minas Gerais. Data was collected through interviews and observation of the catheterization technique during home visits to six patients. The latter were predominantly female, aged between 9 and 44 years, who depended on catheterization due to neurogenic bladder caused by spinal trauma, myelomeningocele or leukaemia. Caregivers were usually female (either mother or sister) aged between 29 and 57 years. With regards to catheterization, results show that caregivers followed standard procedures concerning hands and urinary meatus hygiene, use of gloves and lubricants, storage and reuse of catheters. Public health system offered little support to home care; its main role was to provide nursing supplies. The detection of urinary tract infection in most of the patients indicates the need of health care education rather than only technical training for caregivers. The study concludes that the nurse, as health care agent, must promote IC training and actions that implicate the health care team, the caregiver and the user in the process.
Components engaged in the development of school culture in Padang Panjang State High School

Improving the quality of education is not enough by just improving the learning process, but it must also be followed by the process of implanting cultural values to students. One school that has successfully developed a school culture is Padang Panjang State High School 1 (SMAN 1 Padang Panjang). The school has successfully developed cultural main values of religion, mutual respect, discipline, and willingness to excel. This type of research is qualitative research. This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Padang Panjang. The informants of this study were the Principal, the teacher assembly, employees, students, and other informants outside the school. Data collection was done through interviews, observations, and documents analysis. Data analysis techniques are done by data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing/verification. The study found that the components involved in the development of the school culture in SMAN 1 Padang Panjang covered internal components, including the Principal, teacher assemblies, employees, imtaq (faith and piety) mentors/coaches, and students, as well as external components, including Padang Panjang Mayor, DPRD (Regional House of Assembly), Education Office and School Committee.
Mixed Messages: Inconsistent Parental Mediation Indirectly Predicts Teens’ Online Relational Aggression

ABSTRACT Although the predictors of off-line relational aggression have been examined in prior work, less is known about the factors that contribute to online relational aggression perpetration and victimization. This study examined parental restrictive and active mediation of teenagers’ social media use as potential predictors of these outcomes. We were particularly interested in understanding whether parental agreement about media rules and the consistency with which mediation was implemented had implications for teens’ social media use, conflict with parents, and experience with online relational aggression. We conducted an online survey of 814 adolescents from the United States (14- to17-year-olds), asking about perceived agreement between parents about media rules, parental mediation styles, the teens’ social media use, and their experiences with online relational aggression. Results showed that parental rule agreement negatively predicted inconsistent parental mediation. Inconsistent parental mediation predicted more adolescent social media use and more parent-teen conflict over media rules, which in turn, predicted both online victimization and perpetration.
Two interpretations of the rational choice theory and the relevance of behavioral critique

I compare two interpretations of the rational choice theory: decision-theoretic and price-theoretic. The former takes the assumption of utility maximization as a literal description of a decision procedure. The latter considers it as a modeling device used to explain changes/variability of behavior on an aggregate level. According to the price-theoretic interpretation, these changes/variability are explained by constraints (“prices”) rather than differences in intrinsic characteristics between human populations (“tastes”). While the decision-theoretic interpretation of rationality represents a possible foundation of the price-theoretic interpretation of rationality, I argue that it is not its only possible foundation. I then show that critiques raised by behavioral economics apply to the decision-theoretic interpretation and much less so to the price-theoretic one. From the perspective of the price theory, behavioral and rational choice models are predominantly complementary. Price-theoretic interpretation helps to explain why the rational choice theory continues to play an important role in economics, even after the behavioral revolution. JEL codes: D01, D03, B41, A10
Comparing Numerical Methods to Estimate Vertical Jump Height Using a Force Platform

ABSTRACT Males (n = 29) and females (n = 34) performed vertical jumps. Jump height was estimated from force platform data using five numerical methods and compared using intraclass correlation (ρ), and linear and rank regression standard error of estimate (SEE). Take-off velocity plus center of mass height at take-off and mechanical work methods were identical (ρ = 1.000) with small linear (SEE < 0.0001 cm) and rank order (SEE = 0) error. Integrating acceleration to displacement was nearly identical (ρ > 0.999), with small linear (SEE = 0.1 cm) and rank order (SEE < 1) errors compared to the above methods. Take-off velocity (ρ = 0.517) and flight time (ρ = 0.573) estimates were less than all other methods and had large linear (SEE ≥ 2.1 cm) and rank order (SEE > 4) errors. Take-off velocity and flight time methods should be avoided due to systematic and random error.
Self-Regard in Pastoral Ministry: Self-Compassion versus Self-Criticism in a Sample of United Methodist Clergy

Pastoral ministry is a demanding and stressful vocation, and the empirical and anecdotal literature on ministry has often emphasized this negative outlook. More recent work, however, has shifted toward a more positive emphasis on personal characteristics that might help pastors be more resilient. The present study examined the interplay of identity demands, social support, and self-regard in accounting for both positive (positive affect and life satisfaction) and negative (negative affect and burnout) outcomes. Self-compassion, which was measured using the short form of Neff’s (2003) Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF), was herein reconceptualized as being comprised of two types of self-regard: self-compassion and self-criticism. Regression analyses with data collected from 200 United Methodist pastors indicated that social support and self-compassion (in descending order of importance) explained a significant proportion of the variance of the positive outcome, while self-criticism, social support, demand, and gender explained the negative.