Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental method for estimation of compaction in the Oxfordian bedded limestones of the southern Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, Southern Poland

Kochman, A. and Matyszkiewicz, J. 2013. Experimental method for estimation of compaction in the Oxfordian bedded limestones of the southern Krakow-Czestochowa Upland, Southern Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63 (4), 681–696. Warszawa. The Upper Jurassic carbonates exposed in the southern part of the Krakow-Czestochowa Upland are well known for their significant facies diversity related to the presence of microbial and microbial-sponge carbonate buildups and bedded detrital limestone in between. Both the buildups and detrital limestones revealed differential susceptibility to compaction which, apart from differential subsidence of the Palaeozoic basement and synsedimentary faulting, was one of the factors controlling seafloor palaeorelief in the Late Jurassic sedimentary basin. The compaction of the detrital limestones has been estimated with an experimental oedometric method in which specially prepared mixtures made of ground limestones from a quarry in the village of Żary were subjected to oedometer tests. The diameters of the detrital grains and their percentages in the limestones were determined by microscopic examinations of thin sections. The diameters were assigned to predetermined classes corresponding to the Udden-Wentworth scale. The rock samples were then ground down to the grain sizes observed in thin sections. From such materials, mixtures were prepared of grain size distributions corresponding to those observed in thin sections. After adding water the mixtures were subjected to oedometer tests. Analysis of the compression of such mixtures under specific loads enabled preparation of a mathematical formula suitable for the estimation of mechanical compaction of the limestone. The obtained values varied from 27.52 to 55.53% for a load corresponding to 300 metres burial depth. The most significant effect of mechanical compaction was observed for loads representing only 2 metres burial depth. Further loading resulted in a much smaller reduction in sample height. The results of the oedometer tests cannot be used directly to determine compaction of the detrital limestones. Mainly because microscopic observations of thin sections of the experimental material show that chemical compaction was also an important factor influencing thickness reduction of the limestones.
Caracterizaçao e eficiência técnica de exploraçoes vitícolas da regiao Alentejo

Este estudo teve como objectivos caracterizar e analisar a evolucao, medir os niveis de eficiencia tecnica e relacionar esta com alguns atributos dos agricultores e das exploracoes, de uma amostra de exploracoes viticolas pertencentes a regiao Alentejo. Os atributos considerados foram a dimensao fisica e economica, idade do produtor, natureza juridica do produtor, tipo de posse da terra, irrigacao, tipo de comercializacao e especializacao cultural e produtiva. A amostra analisada e composta por um painel de exploracoes, produtoras de uva para vinho para o periodo 2000-2005, pertencentes a Rede de Informacao de Contabilidades Agricolas, do Ministerio da Agricultura, Desenvolvimento Rural e Pescas (MADRP). A caracterizacao e a analise da evolucao das exploracoes viticolas foram feitas com base num conjunto de indicadores tecnicos e economicos. Para medir a eficiencia, a metodologia utilizada foi parametrica, utilizando uma fronteira de producao estocastica, em que foram testadas as caracteristicas da distribuicao utilizada para medir a eficiencia, assim como a variabilidade desta ao longo do tempo. Para testar a relacao entre a eficiencia e os atributos dos produtores e das exploracoes utilizou-se o teste de analise de variância e o de Kruskall-Wallis. Os resultados mostraram que para estas exploracoes existe espaco para um aumento dos niveis de eficiencia na utilizacao dos factores de producao e que a eficiencia e variante em ordem ao tempo. Verificou-se um aumento da eficiencia tecnica com a dimensao economica e com o rendimento liquido das exploracoes, assim como com a empresarializacao das mesmas.
Radical Surgery for Liver Hydatid Cyst

Background and aims: Surgery is the basic treatment for liver hydatid cyst (LHC). Radical procedures (pericystectomy (PK) and hepatic resection (HR)) offers better results in selected cases cases than conservative approaches. Aims of this study were to evaluate the results of Radical surgery for LHC and and to determine witch of these two procedures is safe in experienced hepato-biliary surgical unit in endemic countries. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 143 patients with liver hydatid cyst who underwent radical procedures at a single surgical department in an endemic country were reviewed. Mortality, morbidity and recurrence rates have been analyzed. Results: Thirty-two patients (22.4%) had a HR and 111 patients (77.6%) had a PK. Mortality rate was 1.4% (n=2) in HR group. Overall morbidity rate was 18.9% and vs 28.1% respectively in PK and HR group (p=.26). Postoperative bleeding occurred in 1.8% in PK group vs 3.1% in HR group (p=.535) and specific LHC operative complication occurred in 17.1% in PK group vs 28.1% in HR group (p=.167). Recurrence rate of LHC was 6.3% in PK group vs 6.6% in HR group (p=.999) after a median follow up of 108 months (54–144) vs 89 months (44–135) respectively. Conclusion: Radical surgery for LHC is safe. Each of PK and HR had a specific indication. A good screening of patient’s guarantied a good outcome.
Photonic Crystal Waveguide Weakly Interacting with Multiple Off-Channel Resonant Features Formed of Kerr Nonlinear Dielectric Media

A theoretical study is presented of guided modes of a photonic crystal waveguide for cases in which they interact with multiple bound electromagnetic modes localized on off-channel impurity features of Kerr nonlinear media. The interest is on the properties of resonant scattering and optical bistability exhibited by the system and the coherent scattering of the guided modes due to their simultaneous resonant interactions with multiple bound modes. In first study, two off-channel features on opposite sides of a photonic crystal waveguide are made of different Kerr nonlinear dielectric media. In second study, an off-channel feature is composed of two neighboring sites having different Kerr dielectric properties. In addition to numerical results a number of analytical results are presented providing simple explanations of the quantitative behaviors of the systems. A relationship of these systems to forms of electromagnetic-induced transparency and modifications of waveguide dispersion relations is discussed.
Ozone changes under solar geoengineering: implications for UV exposure and air quality

Various forms of geoengineering have been proposed to counter anthropogenic climate change. Methods which aim to modify the Earth’s energy balance by reducing insolation are often subsumed under the term solar radiation management (SRM). Here, we present results of a standard SRM modelling experiment in which the incoming solar irradiance is reduced to offset the global mean warming induced by a quadrupling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. For the first time in an atmosphere–ocean coupled climate model, we include atmospheric composition feedbacks for this experiment. While the SRM scheme considered here could offset greenhouse gas induced global mean surface warming, it leads to important changes in atmospheric composition. We find large stratospheric ozone increases that induce significant reductions in surface UV-B irradiance, which would have implications for vitamin D production. In addition, the higher stratospheric ozone levels lead to decreased ozone photolysis in the troposphere. In combination with lower atmospheric specific humidity under SRM, this results in overall surface ozone concentration increases in the idealized G1 experiment. Both UV-B and surface ozone changes are important for human health. We therefore highlight that both stratospheric and tropospheric ozone changes must be considered in the assessment of any SRM scheme, due to their important roles in regulating UV exposure and air quality.
Educational status and religion influence uptake of voluntary HIV counseling and testing by Ghanaian antenatal clinic attendees.

A cross-sectional survey of 150 gravidae, randomly sampled from three antenatal clinics in Tema was conducted to investigate factors influencing their acceptance of routine “opt-out” counseling and testing. Descriptive analysis was done for participants’ demographic characteristics, as well as knowledge of vertical transmission and its implications for mother and child. Other measures of interest were rate and potential determinants of acceptance. Associations between respondents’ socio-demographic variables and acceptance behaviour were determined using odds ratios, with p-values and 95% confidence intervals. P-values were obtained from Fisher’s exact tests and significance levels set at a p-value of 0.05. Participants’ mean age was 29.7years±1.31 (95% CI 24.15-35.25). Of 150 participants, 76.7% (115/150) were married, 9.3% (14/150) had received no formal education, 25.3% (38/150) were unemployed and 78.7% (118/150) were Christians. Most (96%; 144/150 ) respondents knew about the disease and 89% (128/144) of this proportion identified vertical transmission as a means for its spread. Within the latter, 69% (87/128) knew of preventive interventions against vertical transmission. Acceptance rate of counseling and testing was approximately 93% (140/150). Main reasons cited for acceptance were to safeguard mother’s own health (92.1%, 129/140) and to prevent transmission to baby (87.1%, 122/140). Respondents identified fear (80%, 8/10) and stigmatization (70%, 7/10) as perceived barriers to acceptance. Age (OR=2.78; 95% CI=0.62-12.42; p=0.16) , parity ( OR=1.98 ; 95%CI=0.39-10.14; p=0.41) and marital status (OR=2.04; 95%CI=0.46-9.02; p=0.34) did not influence acceptance behaviour . Educated women were about 1.5 times [(132/136)/(9/14); OR=24.44; 95%CI=5.02-118.99; p=0.001)] more likely than their uneducated counterparts to accept counseling and testing services, while Christian women were 1.2 times [(115/118)/(26/32]); OR=13.27; 95%CI=2.53- 69.51; p=0.001)] more likely to do so than Muslims. Counseling and testing services were highly acceptable among our sample irrespective of age, parity and marital status. Educational status and religion were potential determinants of acceptance. Keywords : HIV, voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), Ghana.
Splanchnic Circulation in Small for Date Newborns

Abstract Hypotrophic newborn is a newborn with birth weight below the 5th percentile weight of corresponding gestational age. Hypotrophic infants have higher morbidity and mortality in comparison with eutrophic neonates. A higher incidence of hypoglycemia, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia, perinatal asphyxia and caesarean section occurs typically in hypotrophic newborns. Both, intrauterine hemodynamic dysbalance and centralization of circulation due to hypotrophy cause decreased blood flow to the splanchnic circulation after the birth. There was observed a lower increase in blood flow through the coeliac artery and superior mesenteric artery in comparison with eutrophic newborns during the first postnatal week. These facts are likely to be associated with a higher frequency of abdominal problems and necrotizing enterocolitis.
ASPECTS OF THE ROMANIAN TRANSITION

For Romania, like for all other ex-communist countries from Eastern Europe, the transition from the rigid centrally planned economic system to the free-market economy, fair competition based, was an amazing experience. From the academic standpoint, the economic reform was a huge research opportunity, as well – with extremely important practical consequences. Based on the case of Romania, the author has developed an original, bi-dimensional matrix model of this transition process, emphasizing the typology of four basic economic systems. Managerial aspects are underlined – for both economic systems and transition process – as well as some stability considerations. Two features of the transition strategy are presented: the transition path and duration of the process. The general model is applied in case of Romania and some interesting findings are presented, but it is fully applicable to all Eastern European countries and not only. Based on the author's experience and research during over ten years of transition from a centrally planned economy toward a free-market economic system, an original model of the economic systems and transition was developed. More or less authorised voices claim sentences about "privatisation", "economic reform" or "transition toward market economy" and - more recently - European Union. In spite of their actuality, they often generate questions and are even confusing. The proposed model allows clear definitions and possible transition strategies are analyzed. The role of government is emphasized, as well as the key-role of the public administration in the process of accession to the European Union. The proposed economic and transition model used by the author as a conceptual framework is bi-dimensiona l. Types of owne rship (state / privat e) and management (centralized / decentralized) are considered. Consequently, the resulting "two by two matrix" reveals four types of economic systems - among them the centrally-planned economy and the free-market economic system. The major advantage of this model is its analytical potential. The different transition strategies are presented and the position of a certain economic system, on its path toward the free-market economy, at a certain moment, can be easily identified.
Cartesian currents and variational problems for mappings into spheres

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Creativity and Chaos in Waking and Dreaming States

Dynamics of creative mental activity are examined in waking and dreaming processes which manifest beyond normative waking consciousness. Some consider such phenomena to be pathological or meaningless. Alternatively they may be viewed in new and healthier ways, in the context of adaptive mental controls, using nonlinear dynamical/chaos theory. The first example involves the innovativeness reported with mild mood elevation in bipolar mood disorders, linked to a compensatory advantage model of everyday creativity. With adequate controls, such mood elevation may open adaptive creative mental possibilities (in fact, for all of us). Tension between divergent and convergent thinking—as noted by J.P. Guilford, and common to many models of creative process—can further “edge of chaos” states and raise the odds of bifurcation to new and creative chaotic attractors. The second example involves REM sleep and dream phenomena, where the self-organizing brain coordinates the dream’s component parts to generate unusual dream narratives. However fanciful, such divergent and condensed dream content may lead to creative insights and adaptive narratives (there are famous examples) in the light of day, when interpreted or further developed, by bringing convergent processing to divergent processing. In each case, one finds the abnormal is not necessarily pathological—and sometimes can be usefully exceptional. One consequence of a dynamical view and these examples is the need, in all of us, for greater openness to experience, and acceptance of a greater divergence of expression and behavior (vs. conformity) in ourselves, our culture, and our world. NeuroQuantology | June 2012 | Volume 10 | Issue 2 | Page 164-176
Assessment of Knowledge, Behavior and Attitude of School Children towards Smoking

Background: Tobacco use is one of the greatest threats for public health. The future prosperity of the tobacco industry depends directly on the youth’s tendency to experiment. AIMS: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and the tobacco consumption among school children between age 11 and 15, to examine the knowledge regarding what harmful effects tobacco smoke has on health and to assess the extent of exposure to tobacco smoke in the home environment. Study design/Methods: The testing is a cross-sectional study conducted on students of upper grade levels in primary school “Miloje AipliA” in Novi BeAej, Serbia in 2012. A total of 220 school children were tested. Upon verbal instructions they filled in a questionnaire containing 24 questions, designed after the model by a joint survey of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. Results: Of all respondents, 35% of students have already smoked their first cigarette, and 5.9% of them were everyday smokers. Thirty-two point seven percent of the children came from families where both the mother and the father were non-smokers, 24.1% of the them had both their parents smoking, 16.4% came from homes where the father was the only smoker and 20% where the mother was the only smoker. In 3.6% of cases someone else in the family was the smoker. 56.7% of the children were exposed to smoking in their homes and 74.5% of students were occasionally exposed to tobacco smoke because their guests were allowed to smoke. 25.5% of the students thought smoking was a disease. 44.5% of schoolchildren knew what secondhand smoking was, while 17.7% of students thought that it meant smoking in company of their friends, 6.4% thought it was occasional smoking. Of all children 27.3% stated they did not know what secondhand smoking was. Conclusion: In this study it has been shown that a large percentage of surveyed schoolchildren between 11 and 15 years old have tried cigarettes, and the number of daily smokers is worryingly high.
Factors Of Trust In Hungarian Agriculture – Some Experiences Based On Sholtes’ Model

The paper examines factors affecting trust among the Hungarian agricultural producers. Our research has focused on the role of two factors on the basis of the widely referred trust model: faith in loyalty and faith in capability. The empirical results clearly confirm the hypothesis of the theoretical model, which states that partners will trust each other if their faith is high both in loyalty and in competence. Our research has also pointed out that the level of trust between partners is determined differently by the two examined factors: it is statistically proved that the impact of faith in loyalty is higher than the other factor. These research results fully correspond to the outcomes of recent research projects in the similar field. Poddano ocenie czynniki wplywające na zaufanie wśrod wegierskich producentow rolnych. Wykorzystując model zaufania Sholtersa badania skoncentrowano na roli dwoch czynnikow: wiary w lojalnośc i kompetencji rolnikow. Badania ankietowe online przeprowadzono latem 2015 roku, wśrod 5902 podmiotow. Wyniki badan potwierdzily hipoteze, ze partnerzy sobie ufają, pod warunkiem, ze bardzo wierzą zarowno w lojalnośc, jak i w kompetencje innych producentow. Wskazano rowniez, ze wplyw wiary w lojalnośc ma wiekszy wplyw na zaufanie miedzy producentami rolnym niz pozostale czynniki, co jest zgodne z wynikami innych projektow badawczych w tym obszarze.
A very rare case of pancreatic head glomangiomyoma successfully treated by enucleation

Introduction: Glomangiomyoma or glomus tumor is a tumor of mesenchymal origin, usually benign forms of terminal glomus or glomus body, which is specialized form of arteriovenous anastomosis subcutanea with intervening in the regulation of blood flow and temperature. this tumor is extremely rare, and can be classified according to his histology in: glomangioma (60%), solid glomus tumor (25%), and glomangiomyoma (15%). the glomangiomyoma is frequently located in the lower extremities and the treatment of choice for isolated this tumor is surgical excision. Pancreatic glomus tumors are quite rare, with only one case reported in English literature. case report: We report the second case in English literature of a glomangiomyoma in the pancreas of a 65-yearold male. the rarest variant of glomus tumor was 8 cm in diameter and the treatment consisted of tumor enucleation, the patient is alive with no evidence of recurrence 24 months after surgery. conclusion: Glomangiomyoma is a tumor that mainly affects the lower limbs, but in rare cases, as reported, can affect other structures, 1
Relational coordination between professionals predicts satisfaction with home visit nursing care

The authors aimed to identify the relationship between relational coordination among home visit nurses and other home healthcare workers and nursing care satisfaction. In November 2013, the authors collected data from 190 nurses in 34 of 64 home visit nursing agencies in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan. Data were returned by 119 individuals through a web-based or mail survey. Nursing care satisfaction among their clients during the most recent 6 months was evaluated by primary nurses (possible scores: 0-10), based on which the authors created a low-satisfaction (Low-SG) and a high-satisfaction (High-SG) group. Nurses’ relational coordination with nursing colleagues, nursing managers, clinicians, care managers, and home helpers was measured with the Relational Coordination Scale Japanese version (Relational Coordination Scale Japanese version [RCS-J]; possible scores: 1-5). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Using data from 90 nurses because of missing data, the RCS-J scores were 3.5 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.6) and 3.8 (SD = 0.5) for Low-SG and High-SG groups, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RCS-J scores were positively associated with nursing care satisfaction (odds ratio [OR] = 3.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.25-7.45). Further, nurse's age was positively associated with nursing care satisfaction (OR = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.18). This finding suggests that well-coordinated home healthcare teams provide higher quality of care than do poor-coordinated teams. However, the results depended on nurses’ self-reports. Future research using a more objective index of quality of care would contribute to understanding the benefits of relational coordination.
Dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease excluding diabetic and nephrotic aetiology

Background: Dyslipidemia is hypothesized as one of the risk factor of chronic kidney disease and plays an important role in the progression of renal failure. The present study was conducted to assess the association between ratio of TG/HDL-C and CKD and other abnormalities in the lipid profile in CKD patients. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Government General Hospital from July 2013 to November 2013. 100 patients with CKD were included as study cases. 100 healthy patients from the same hospital, who came with different illness other than the study disease were included as controls. Fasting lipid profile was done – total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) were measured and low-density lipoproteins, & TG/HDL ratio were calculated. Comparison of lipid parameters among study and control groups was done. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Majority of the study patients were under the age group of 40-50 years. Male dominance (86%) was seen in the study group. The association of HDL, LDL, TGL, TGL/HDL, TC parameters and stages of CKD was observed and found to be statistically significant (p value <0.0001 and <0.05). Comparison of lipid parameters among study and control groups were done and difference was found to be statistically significant (p value <0.0001). Conclusions: Dyslipidemia should be treated in early stages of CKD to prevent secondary complications.