Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
İlköğretim Fen Bilgisi Öğretmeni Adaylarının Çevreye Karşı Tutumlarının Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi (Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Örneği)

Bu calismanin amaci, Ilkogretim Fen Bilgisi ogretmen adaylarinin cevreye karsi tutumlarini farkli degiskenler acisindan incelemektir. Arastirmanin orneklemini Ataturk Universitesi, Kazim Karabekir Egitim Fakultesi’nde ogrenim goren Fen Bilgisi ogretmen adaylari olusturmaktadir. Calisma kapsaminda adaylarin cevreye karsi tutumlarini belirlemek amaciyla, guvenirlik katsayisi 0,80 olarak hesaplanmis olan “cevresel tutum” olcegi kullanilmistir. Bu olcek “cevresel davranis” ve “cevresel dusunce” alt olceklerinden olusmaktadir. Bunun yani sira adaylarin cinsiyet, sinif, en uzun sure yasadigi yerlesim birimi gibi kisisel bilgilerini ogrenmek amaciyla “kisisel bilgi formu” kullanilmistir. Olcek 355 ogretmen adayina uygulanmis ve sonuclari SPSS programi yardimiyla degerlendirilmistir. Sonucta cinsiyet, sinif duzeyi ve daha onceden alinmis olan cevre dersleri degiskenlerinin cevreye karsi tutumu etkiledigi anlasilmistir. Bununla birlikte en onemli tespitlerden birisi de adaylarin cevresel dusuncelerini davranisa donusturme konusunda yetersiz olduklari yonundedir.
A general U-block model-based design procedure for nonlinear polynomial control systems

ABSTRACT The proposition of U-model concept (in terms of ‘providing concise and applicable solutions for complex problems’) and a corresponding basic U-control design algorithm was originated in the first author's PhD thesis. The term of U-model appeared (not rigorously defined) for the first time in the first author's other journal paper, which established a framework for using linear polynomial control system design approaches to design nonlinear polynomial control systems (in brief, linear polynomial approaches → nonlinear polynomial plants). This paper represents the next milestone work – using linear state-space approaches to design nonlinear polynomial control systems (in brief, linear state-space approaches → nonlinear polynomial plants). The overall aim of the study is to establish a framework, defined as the U-block model, which provides a generic prototype for using linear state-space-based approaches to design the control systems with smooth nonlinear plants/processes described by polynomial models. For analysing the feasibility and effectiveness, sliding mode control design approach is selected as an exemplary case study. Numerical simulation studies provide a user-friendly step-by-step procedure for the readers/users with interest in their ad hoc applications. In formality, this is the first paper to present the U-model-oriented control system design in a formal way and to study the associated properties and theorems. The previous publications, in the main, have been algorithm-based studies and simulation demonstrations. In some sense, this paper can be treated as a landmark for the U-model-based research from intuitive/heuristic stage to rigour/formal/comprehensive studies.
Cell-Mediated Complementation of Human Adenoviruses by Simian Papovavirus 1

Summary Although SV40 can replicate well in certain stable cell lines of GMK cells, some of the infected cultures do not support the complementation of the human adenovirus 7. Maximum complementation occurred only in the primary cells although consistent complementation at a lower level was detected in CV-1 cells. No complementation occurred in Vero cells and little, if any, was detected in BSC-1 cells. Therefore, the host cell has a role in determining the interaction of these two viruses and conditions other than those necessary for the efficient replication of SV40 must be present for the complementation of the human adenoviruses in simian cells. We thank Beverly Poole for helping with these studies.
Effect of Adding Nitroglycerin to Early Diuretic Therapy on the Morbidity and Mortality of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Presenting with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Abstract Background: Loop diuretics are considered first-line therapy for patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Adding nitroglycerin (NTG) to diuretic therapy for alleviation of acute shortness of breath has been advocated in our institution. We evaluated the benefits of adding NTG to diuretics in the emergency department for patients with ADHF and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: 430 consecutive patients with ADHF who were admitted with a chief complaint of dyspnea were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A patients were treated with neither diuretics nor NTG; Group B patients were treated with diuretics only; and Group C patients were treated with both diuretics and NTG. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula. Follow-up was 36 ± 9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) months. Primary endpoints were readmission rate at 30 days and mortality at 24 months. Results: 430 patients were included in this study (42% men; age, 69 ± 14 [mean ± SD] years); mean New York Heart Association class was 2.4 ± 0.7 (mean ± SD) and mean ejection fraction was 28% ± 17% (mean ± SD). Group A included 257 (59%) patients, Group B had 127 (29%) patients, and Group C had 46 (11%) patients. Group C patients were older (mean age, 72 ± 13 years) with lower body mass index (26 ± 7 kg/m2), lower estimated GFR (55.8 ± 38 mL/min per 1.73 m2), higher B-type natriuretic peptide levels (1112 ± 876 pg/mL; P = nonsignificant [NS]), and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures on admission (P = 0.001). The primary endpoint was assessed as a composite of all-cause mortality and ADHF readmission seen in 143 (56%) Group A patients, 68 (53%) Group B patients, and 22 (48%) Group C patients (P = NS). At 30 days there were 53 (12%) readmissions—26 in Group A, 20 in Group B, and 7 in Group C (P = NS). However, survival at 24 months was higher in Group C (87%) compared with Groups A (79%) and B (82%) (P = 0.002). Using the Cox proportional-hazards regression module, early administration of NTG and Lasix (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.62; P = 0.01) followed by CKD stage (95% CI, 1.00–1.35; P = 0.04) were the only predictors for survival. Conclusion: There is a role for early administration of NTG in addition to diuretic therapy in patients admitted to the emergency department with ADHF, with resultant decreased length of stay and a trend toward a decrease in the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality and ADHF readmission. The mortality benefit at 2 years reported in our study is thought-provoking and raises a premise to be proven in randomized clinical trials.
Simultaneous Suppression of Multiple Genes by Single Transgenes. Down-Regulation of Three Unrelated Lignin Biosynthetic Genes in Tobacco1

Many reports now describe the manipulation of plant metabolism by suppressing the expression of single genes. The potential of such work could be greatly expanded if multiple genes could be coordinately suppressed. In the work presented here, we test a novel method for achieving this by using single chimeric constructs incorporating partial sense sequences for multiple genes to target suppression of two or three lignin biosynthetic enzymes. We compare this method with a more conventional approach to achieving the same end by crossing plants harboring different antisense transgenes. Our results indicate that crossing antisense plants is less straightforward and predictable in outcome than anticipated. Most progeny had higher levels of target enzyme activity than predicted and had lost the expected modifications to lignin structure. In comparison, plants transformed with the chimeric partial sense constructs had more consistent high level suppression of target enzymes and had significant changes to lignin content, structure, and composition. It was possible to suppress three target genes coordinately using a single chimeric construct. Our results indicate that chimeric silencing constructs offer great potential for the rapid and coordinate suppression of multiple genes on diverse biochemical pathways and that the technique therefore deserves to be adopted by other researchers.
Candida guilliermondii Fungemia in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies

ABSTRACT The microbiological, clinical, and epidemiological features of most non-Candida albicans Candida species are well known, but much less is known about species such as Candida guilliermondii, an uncommon pathogen causing a variety of deep-seated infections in immunocompromised hosts. To characterize C. guilliermondii fungemia in patients with hematological malignancies and its susceptibility to antifungal drugs, all cases of C. guilliermondii fungemia diagnosed in our department between 1983 and 2005 were retrospectively analyzed and the literature was reviewed. C. guilliermondii caused 29/243 (11.7%) candidemia episodes diagnosed during the study period. Central venous catheters were the documented sources of candidemia in 19/29 episodes (65.5%), and invasive tissue infections were documented in 2 (6.9%). In the remaining eight, the catheter was not removed and the source of the fungemia remained obscure. Seven episodes ended in death, but only one could be attributed to invasive C. guilliermondii infection. Molecular typing data reveal no evidence of common infection sources. Isolates displayed high rates of in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B (100%), voriconazole (95%), and fluconazole (90%) and lower rates of in vitro susceptibility to flucytosine (86%), itraconazole (76%), and caspofungin (33%). Our literature review confirms that C. guilliermondii is a significantly more frequent cause of candidemia among cancer patients compared with the general hospital population. It accounted for <1% of the total number of Candida bloodstream isolates reported in the articles we reviewed, with higher rates in Europe (1.4%) and Asia (1.8%) compared with North America (0.3%).
A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF BRADYKININ, 5‐HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE AND HISTAMINE ON THE HEPATIC ARTERIAL AND PORTAL VENOUS VASCULAR BEDS OF THE DOG: HISTAMINE H1 AND H2‐RECEPTOR POPULATIONS

1 The hepatic arterial and hepatic portal venous vascular beds of anaesthetized dogs were separately perfused in different experiments. 2 From measurements of perfusion pressures and blood flows in the two series of experiments, hepatic arterial vascular resistance (HAVR) and hepatic portal venous vascular resistance (HPVR) respectively were calculated. 3 Bradykinin, 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) and histamine were injected intra‐arterially and intraportally and dose‐response curves constructed from these data. 4 Bradykinin injected intra‐arterially caused dose‐dependent hepatic arterial vasodilatation, and with an ED50 of 2.66 × 10−13 mol was more potent than any other vasodilator agent yet examined on this vascular bed. 5 Bradykinin injected intraportally at doses up to 10 times those which were maximal on the arterial circuit did not alter the calculated HPVR. 6 5‐HT injected intra‐arterially caused weak and variable rises in HAVR, indicating vasoconstriction. The maximum rise in HAVR was much less than that attained with noradrenaline in the same preparations. 7 5‐HT injected intraportally caused dose‐dependent rises in HPVR indicating portal constriction at doses above 15–100 μg: in some experiments small doses of 5‐HT resulted in reductions in calculated HPVR. 8 Histamine has previously been shown to cause hepatic arterial vasodilatation: by intraportal injection, it caused dose‐dependent rises in HPVR. 9 In order to examine the receptors responsible for the effects of histamine, dose‐response curves were constructed before and after mepyramine and metiamide. 10 On the hepatic arterial vascular bed, metiamide did not antagonize the vasodilator effects of intra‐arterial histamine, but these effects were antagonized by mepyramine. 11 Similarly on the hepatic portal bed, the rises in HPVR due to histamine were antagonized by mepyramine but not by metiamide. 12 The effects of histamine on both the hepatic arterial and portal venous vascular beds of the dog are therefore mediated predominantly by histamine H1‐receptors.
Systematic transaction level communication modeling with systemC

An emerging approach to embedded system design is to assemble them from a library of hardware and software component models (IP, intellectual property) using a system description language, such as SystemC. SystemC allows describing the communication among IPs in terms of abstract operations (transactions). The promise is that with transaction-level modeling (TLM), future systems-on-chip with one billion transistors and more can be composed out of IPs as simply as playing with LEGO bricks. However, reality is far out. In fact, each IP vendor promotes another proprietary interface standard and the provided design tools lack compatibility, such that heterogeneous IPs cannot be integrated efficiently. A novel generic interconnect fabric for TLM is presented which aims at enabling inter-operation between models of different levels of abstraction (mixed-mode) and models with different interfaces (heterogeneous components), with as little overhead as possible. A generic, protocol independent representation of transactions is developed, among with an abstraction level formalism. This approach is shown to support systematic simulation of state-of-the-art buses and networks-on-chip such as IBM CoreConnect and PCI Express over several levels of TLM abstraction. A layered simulation framework for SystemC, GreenBus, is developed to examine the proposed concepts. The thesis discusses new implementation techniques for communication modeling with SystemC which outperform the existing approaches in terms of flexibility, simulation accuracy, and performance. Based on these techniques, advanced concepts for TLM-based hardware/software co-design and FPGA prototyping are examined. Several experiments and a video processor case study highlight the efficiency of the approach and show its applicability in a TLM design flow.
Aberrant Gene Expression Profiles in Pluripotent Stem Cells Induced from Fibroblasts of a Klinefelter Syndrome Patient*

Background: Pathophysiology for Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is poorly explained due to the lack of adequate models. Results: KS-iPSCs exhibit aberrantly expressed genes associated with the clinical features of KS. Conclusion: KS-iPSCs can potentially serve as a cellular model for KS research. Significance: Our study will significantly accelerate the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of Klinefelter syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common male chromosome aneuploidy. Its pathophysiology is largely unexplained due to the lack of adequate models. Here, we report the derivation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs) lines from a KS patient with a karyotype of 47, XXY. Derived KS-iPSCs meet all criteria of normal iPSCs with the potential for germ cell differentiation. Although X chromosome inactivation occurs in all KS-iPSCs, genome-wide transcriptome analysis identifies aberrantly expressed genes associated with the clinical features of KS. Our KS-iPSCs can serve as a cellular model for KS research. Identified genes may become biomarkers for early diagnosis or potential therapeutic targets for KS and significantly accelerate the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of Klinefelter syndrome.
Burying behaviour in the bobtail squid Sepiola atlantica (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae)

Abstract The burying behavioural pattern of the small Atlantic bobtail squid (Sepiola atlantica) in natural substrate is described, quantitatively differentiating the movements in different phases and the chromatic changes associated with this behaviour. All specimens showed the same two-part sequence of burying, which triggered a display of colour changes peculiar to this species. Our results suggested that this was a consistent behaviour during burial. The mean latency time in the alert posture was 9.55 ± 5.49 s. The mean duration of the first phase was 12.2 ± 4.37 s. The mean duration of the second phase was 10.2 ± 2.95 s. The average time spent completing the behavioural pattern was 21.9 ± 4.93 s. Burying time was not related to size. Differences observed between individuals were associated with the number of movements in each phase. However, these movements were not significantly related to the size of the animals. A comparison of the burying pattern of this species with other members of the family Sepiolidae is made.
Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and causes fetal mortality and morbidity. Therefore early diagnosis of GDM is necessary to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and to help prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes Objective: This prospective study was carried out to determine the incidence of GDM in Yazd and to assess the effect of various contributing factors. Materials and Methods: One thousand and seventy one pregnant women were screened for GDM at 24-28 weeks. Initial screening was done by a glucose challenge test with 50 g glucose. If the 1-hour blood glucose level exceeded 130 mg/dl then a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 100g glucose was performed and diagnosis was established according to American Diabetes Association criteria. Results: Three hundred and forty two (31.9%) women had an abnormal screening test and proceeded to oral glucose tolerance testing. The overall incidence of GDM was 10.2% (n=110). Seventy six of subjects (7.1%) have one abnormal OGTT. There was a significant association between incidence of GDM and age familial history of diabetes BMI before pregnancy parity history of GDM macrosomic baby still birth during previous pregnancies and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: According to high incidence of GDM in our area we recommend screening for GDM in all pregnant women and modification of contributing factors in high risk women.
Modern Anesthesia Techniques for Total Joint Arthroplasty : From Blood Preservation to Modern Pain Control

Cite this article: Wiramus S, Delahaye D, Parratte S, Argenson JN (2014) Modern Anesthesia Techniques for Total Joint Arthroplasty: From Blood Preservation to Modern Pain Control. Ann Orthop Rheumatol 2(3): 1024. *Corresponding author Delahaye David, Department of Anaesthesiology, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Aix-Marseille University, 270 boulevard de Sainte Marguerite, 13009 MARSEILLE, FRANCE; Tel: 0033491745012; Fax: 0033491745625; Email:
Low RF-Complexity Millimeter-Wave Beamspace-MIMO Systems by Beam Selection

Communications in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) spectrum (30-300 GHz) have experienced a continuous increase in relevance for short-range, high-capacity wireless links, because of the wider bandwidths they are able to provide. In this work, we introduce a new mm-wave frequency transmission scheme that exploits a combination of the concepts of beamspace multi-input multi-output (B-MIMO) communications and beam selection to provide near-optimal performances with a low hardware-complexity transceiver. While large-scale MIMO approaches in mm-wave are affected by high dimensional signal space that increases considerably both complexity and costs of the system, the proposed scheme is able to achieve near-optimal performances with a reduced radio-frequency (RF) complexity thanks to beam selection. We evaluate the advantages of the proposed scheme via capacity computations, comparisons of numbers of RF chains required and by studying the trade-off between spectral and power efficiency. Our analytical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme is capable of offering a significant reduction in RF complexity with a realistic low-cost approach, for a given performance. In particular, we show that the proposed beam selection algorithms achieve higher power efficiencies than a full system where all beams are utilized.
Anti‐ryanodine receptor–positive acetylcholine receptor–negative myasthenia gravis: Evidence of impaired excitation–contraction coupling

A 27-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of left ptosis and extraocular muscle weakness. The patient had been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis (MG) at 20 years of age at another clinic based on ocular myasthenic signs and a positive edrophonium test. Although he had minimal ptosis and double vision for 7 years, he had maintained normal activities of daily living without any MG therapy and never experienced an exacerbation of MG signs until his latest presentation. On admission, there was no limb weakness by manual muscle testing. However, his myasthenic condition was graded as a quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG) score of 5 and MGFA class 2a. Although radioimmunoprecipitation assays for serum antibodies against acethylcholine receptor (AChR) and muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) were negative, an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay for anti-ryanodine receptor (RyR) antibody was positive. Mediastinum computerized tomography scanning revealed no thymic lesions including thymoma. We diagnosed his condition as MG based on abnormal amplitude decrements on repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) of the trapezius (11%) and masseter (18%) muscles. We detected only two endplates with abnormal jitter [mean consecutive difference (MCD) >45 ls] in the frontalis and no endplate had abnormal jitter (>55 ls) in the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles according to single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG). The mean MCD (SD) was 23.3 (12.7) ls in the frontalis, which was within the normal limit (30 ls), and 38.7 (11.2) ls in the EDC, which was abnormal (>34 ls) according to the criteria of Sanders et al. Furthermore, we measured excitation–contraction coupling time (ECCT) of the masseter using Imai’s method. In this method, ECCT was determined as the difference in onset latencies between the masseter compound muscle action potential and mandibular movement recorded using an acceleration converter after electrical trigeminal nerve stimulation (Fig. 1). The ECCT was 4.8 ms and was prolonged compared with normal values (median 3.0, mean 3.0, range 2.3–3.6 ms). Based on a diagnosis of MG, the patient was treated with oral prednisolone 15 mg/day for 2 months followed by tapering. At the second assessment, performed 2 months after treatment was started, the patient had neither ptosis nor double vision. His condition was graded as MGFA class 0. Fatiguability subsided, and the QMG score was 2. The decremental response in the masseter RNS was improved (3%). Masseter ECCT decreased from 4.8 ms to 2.9 ms. This patient may possess electrophysiological characteristics similar to those of MG patients with anti-AChR and anti-RyR antibodies, even though these abnormalities did not translate into clinical manifestations, such as
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of migraine in France

Objective To determine the prevalence and clinical features of migraine and related headache types in France. Methods The authors recruited a population of subjects with headache representative of the national population using a stratified sampling method. They screened 10,585 subjects aged 15 and older who were representative of the general population. They identified 1,486 of these as having headaches, and these subjects were subsequently interviewed for information on clinical features, natural history, and functional impact of headache. The authors categorized subjects based on the International Headache Society (IHS) classification and assessed disability using the MIDAS questionnaire. Results The authors found a standardized prevalence for migraine (IHS categories 1.1 and 1.2) of 7.9% (11.2% for women and 4.0% for men) and 9.1% for migrainous disorder (IHS category 1.7). Migraine attacks were associated with a considerable degree of handicap in activities of daily living, with a MIDAS grade distribution of 74.7% (grade 1), 13.3% (grade 2), 7.7% (grade 3), and 4.3% (grade 4). The prevalence of migraine with MIDAS grade 3 or 4 was 1.6%. Conclusions The prevalence of migraine (IHS categories 1.1 and 1.2) in France is 7.9%, and that of total migraine is 17.0%; this does not seem to have evolved over the past 10 years.