Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Presenteeism in Chronic Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders: Stay at Work is Validated

Objective: The present study takes a new approach to understanding how presenteeism relates to chronic pain or disability patient outcomes. Methods: The sample consisted of 2191 consecutive chronic disabling musculoskeletal disorder patients, classified as either presentees (N = 704), or absentees (N = 1487), who were admitted to a functional restoration program. The measures included medical evaluations, demographic data, psychiatric diagnoses at admission, an 1 year follow-up socioeconomic outcome assessment and validated questionnaires evaluating pain, depression, and function. Results: The findings revealed that patients classified as presentees were significantly more likely to complete the prescribed functional restoration treatment program, to return to work (full-duty or full-time), to retain work 1-year posttreatment, and not to have a decrease in job demand from preinjury to posttreatment. Conclusions: Both employees and employers will benefit if the ill or injured employee stays at work postinjury in lieu of short- or long-term disability.
Adjustment, Integration, and Quality of Life Among Forensic Patients Receiving Community Outreach Services

To date, there is little information regarding the adjustment of forensic patients living in Canadian communities. The present study describes the extent of integration and quality of life among fifteen forensic patients on Disposition Orders specifying conditional discharge living in a small Ontario community. All the respondents were clients of the Forensic Outreach Service based at the Brockville Psychiatric Hospital. Measures administered in face-to-face interviews included quality of life, community Integration, self-esteem, coping, ratings of problem behaviors, and a client satisfaction questionnaire. Results suggest a fairly stable picture of life for the respondents. They report feeling a sense of belonging in their community and appear to be satisfied with the quality and frequency of their social contacts, in spite of limited social integration. The Forensic Outreach Service represents an advance toward providing services to forensic patients that are currently available to other persons with psychiatric disabilities living in Canadian communities.
Report of Three Cases of Renal Oncocytoma in the Same French Chemical Industrial Factory

To the Editor: Renal oncocytoma is a rare benign tumor, accounting for 3% to 7% of primary renal tumors. There are no clearly established etiological factors. Three cases of renal oncocytoma detected between 2000 and 2008 in employees or subcontractors working for the same factory “F” in central France during a systematic screening campaign by ultrasonography are reported. The company specializes in vitamin and amino acid synthesis, in particular, vitamin A, vitamin E, and methionine. The factory is currently undergoing epidemiological investigations by the National Health and Work Department of the National Health Watch Institute (InVS) following nine cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) detected in workers between 1994 and 2002, at first by chance and later by systematic ultrasonography. The company began systematic screening for hepatic angiosarcoma in 1986 by yearly abdominal ultrasonography of employees exposed to monomer vinyl chloride (MVC). In 1992, the screening program was extended to workers exposed to chloracetal C5. This molecule is an intermediate chemical produced in the course of a new process for vitamin A synthesis called NAVAS (new vitamin A synthesis) first implemented in the factory in 1982. At that time, the molecule was known to be mutagenic in vitro. Since 2002, all company employees undergo ultrasound screening on a voluntary basis. To date, 28 cases of RCC have been detected in this company; most were clear-cell and papillary RCC, but there were also three cases of oncocytoma and one angiomyolipoma. We describe the cases of oncocytoma with particular focus on the possible relation to occupational exposure.
The implementation and reception of policies for preventing dengue fever epidemics: a comparative study of Martinique and French Guyana

In this article, we use an analytical framework based on the sociology of risk to provide a qualitative analysis of the implementation and reception of public risk-prevention policies for dengue epidemics in Martinique and French Guyana. The data are derived from 116 semi-structured interviews and direct observation conducted in 2012 and 2013. The two overseas departments studied provide an opportunity to draw on the social theory of risk and uncertainty in multicultural contexts. Our analysis highlights that the rise of several technical, economic, legal and entomological constraints has recently led to a public policy shift from biological and chemical mosquito control to awareness-raising campaigns focused on domestic spaces. This change involves a shift in responsibility from public authorities to the private sphere. However, there is strong demand from the local population for mosquito control and the involvement of public authorities. This reciprocal passing of responsibility is exacerbated by the colonial past and heritage of slavery in these multiethnic overseas territories located over 7000 km from the seat of the French government.
Phase Diagrams of BaTiO3/BaZrO3 Superlattices

Temperature-misfit strain phase diagrams of BaTiO3/BaZrO3 superlattices were developed and an alteration of the “misfit strain-temperature” phase diagrams against the changing of ferroelectric layers volume fraction was investigated. The topology of developed phase diagrams is similar to that of single BaTiO3 film, but phase transition lines exhibit substation shifts. According to our approach, the main reason of this shift is the electrostatic interaction between the layers. It is revealed that only one polar phase remains stable in superlattices with volume fraction of BaTiO3 being less than 70%.
Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on the Performance of Complex Perceptual-Psychomotor Tasks

Efforts in support of providing equal employment opportunities have created a serious interest in factors which may affect the potential aeronautical adaptability of women. The possible effects of the significant physical and hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle have been a focal point of considerable coacera. This study assesses an individual's ability to perform complex, perceptual-psychomotor tasks during different phases of the menstrual cycle. Seventeen women served as paid volunteer subjects. All were between 20 and 30 years of age with a mean age of 24 years. Each woman was tested during the premenstruum (3 or 4 days prior to menstrual flow), during the menstrual flow, and during the intermenstrual phase of the cycle. In addition, data were collected on the use of oral contraceptives and on the severity and prevalence of individual menstrual cycle symptomatology as measured by the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. The perceptual-psychomotor data were used to evaluate the effects of menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives on performance under stress. The data were also used to test Dalton's hypothesis that the lethargy the premenstruum and menstruation is responsible for lowered judgment and slow reaction time which might result in accidents. The results of the study indicated that there were no performance decrements associated with the menstrual cycle or use of oral contraceptives and failed to support Dalton's hypothesis.
Preemployment Screening for Tuberculosis in a Large Health Care Setting: Comparison of the Tuberculin Skin Test and a Whole-Blood Interferon-&ggr; Release Assay

Objective: Determine the performance of an interferon-&ggr; release assay in a health care occupational surveillance program. Methods: From January 11, 2005, through January 31, 2006, all new employees (n = 652) undergoing standard, preemployment evaluation at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota were evaluated for tuberculosis using a standard process of symptom screening combined with tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold test (QFT-G). Results: Comparing the results of QFT-G directly to TST, QFT-G showed an overall agreement of 92.5%. Conclusions: False-positive TST were the most significant issue affecting agreement, and in a low–tuberculosis prevalence population, the need for an effective strategy offering low false-positive results may be best met by combining the TST with QFT-G.
Assault Rates and Implementation of a Workplace Violence Prevention Program in the Veterans Health Care Administration

Objective: This study examined the relationship between changes in assault rates over time and the implementation of a workplace violence prevention (WVP) program in 138 Department of Veterans Affairs health care facilities. Methods: Data on WVP implementation were assessed for each facility by a three-person team. We computed three WVP dimension scores: training, workplace practices, and environmental control and security. We obtained 6 years of assault rate data from the national injury system. Using a linear mixed model, we analyzed whether the WVP implementation was associated with lower assault rates controlling for time and organizational characteristics. Results: Training implementation was negatively associated with assault rates. Facilities with smaller bed sizes and without academic affiliates had lower assault rates. Conclusions: Particular attention should be given to these dimensions because they may be associated with lower facility-level assault rates.
Four-Dimensional Projective Orbifold Hypersurfaces

ABSTRACT We classify four-dimensional quasismooth weighted hypersurfaces with small canonical class and verify a conjecture of Johnson and Kollár on infinite series of quasismooth hypersurfaces with anticanonical hyperplane section in the case of fourfolds. By considering the quotient singularities that arise, we classify those weighted hypersurfaces that are canonical, Calabi–Yau and Fano fourfolds. We also consider other classes of hypersurfaces, including Fano hypersurfaces of index greater than 1 in dimensions 3 and 4.
Self‐reported and observed heroin overdoses in Malmoe

Object: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of non‐fatal heroin overdoses for men and women in Sweden, a country with late onset of heroin use. Material: Subjects were recruited through the Syringe Programme and the Addiction Centre in Malmoe. A total of 149 subjects were interviewed, 108 men and 41 women. They were asked about their social situation, experienced and observed overdoses and circumstances around them. Results: Overdoses were very common; 74% of the subjects had experienced at least one overdose. Almost all, 96%, had observed at least one overdose in others and 32% had witnessed a fatal overdose. Actions taken were often insufficient. A combination with other drugs, mainly benzodiazepine and alcohol and/or a lowered tolerance for heroin after visits in institutions contributed to the overdose in a majority of the cases. Men and women differed in that men used concomitant drugs more often and women more often took heroin alone. Conclusion: Self‐reported and observed non‐fatal heroin overdoses were more common than expected. Contributing factors were found in the majority of the cases. Pure overdoses were more common in women.
Familial and inherited breast cancers in Lower Silesia (Poland)

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequencies of hereditary and familial breast cancers among Lower Silesian women. The questionnaires, dealing with cancer episodes in first-and second-degree relatives, were sent to 5,000 females, who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1984 and 2005. Twenty-five percent of the questionnaires were completed and returned. Their analysis and further counseling revealed that 24.9% of the responders met the criteria for familial breast cancer (FBC), including 10.5% definitive cases. Mutations in BRCA1 were detected in 32.5% and 1.9% of patients with definitive and suspected FBC, respectively. They all represented three of the abnormalities of the BRCA1 gene: 300T/G, 4153delA and 5382insC. No mutations of BRCA2 were found in material studied. Although a fraction of FBCs identified in our study was similar to those described in other European countries and in the United States, the percentages of genetic mutations seen on routine tests were relatively low. Consequently, the standardized analysis of oncological pedigree seems to be a more valuable diagnostic tool if patients with familial aggregations of breast cancer are targeted in a prophylactic context only.
Conceptual Frameworks of Individual Work Performance: A Systematic Review

Objective:Individual work performance is differently conceptualized and operationalized in different disciplines. The aim of the current review was twofold: (1) identifying conceptual frameworks of individual work performance and (2) integrating these to reach a heuristic conceptual framework. Methods:A systematic review was conducted in medical, psychological, and management databases. Studies were selected independently by two researchers and included when they presented a conceptual framework of individual work performance. Results:A total of 17 generic frameworks (applying across occupations) and 18 job-specific frameworks (applying to specific occupations) were identified. Dimensions frequently used to describe individual work performance were task performance, contextual performance, counterproductive work behavior, and adaptive performance. Conclusion:On the basis of the literature, a heuristic conceptual framework of individual work performance was proposed. This framework can serve as a theoretical basis for future research and practice.
Effects of Palladium Nanoparticles on the Cytokine Release from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Palladium-Sensitized Women

Objective: To investigate the effects of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of control or Pd-sensitized nonatopic women. Methods: TNF-&agr;, IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-&ggr; release and/or expression from PBMCs incubated in presence of 5 to 10 nm Pd0 nanoparticles or PdIV salt (potassium hexachloropalladate) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis. Transmission electronmicroscopy was performed. Results: In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMCs from controls, Pd salt inhibited IFN-&ggr; and IL-10 release, whereas Pd nanoparticles enhanced IFN-&ggr; release and inhibited TNF-&agr; secretion. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PBMCs from Pd-sensitized women showing high IFN-&ggr; release, Pd nanoparticles inhibited TNF-&agr; release and Pd salt IL-10 release. TNF-&agr; and IFN-&ggr; release and messenger RNA expression were correlated. Transmission electronmicroscopy demonstrated uptake of nanoparticles in the endocytic compartment and activation of autophagy. Conclusions: Palladium ions and nanoparticles exert different effects in vitro on the expression and release of cytokines.
The Potentially Unstable Cervical Spine: Evaluation Techniques

Summary Cervical spine clearance in the trauma patient remains a contentious topic. Conflicting priorities of minimizing unnecessary healthcare dollars while maximizing safety and efficacy of evaluation and treatment has led to the absence of a uniform approach. The patient populations that are most difficult to address are those that cannot provide reliable clinical feedback: the polytrauma patient with distracting injuries, the closed-head-injured patient, and the pediatric trauma patient. Prolonged immobilization in a cervical collar can lead to secondary problems of occipital and mental skin breakdown. Additional nursing efforts are required when patients are maintained on ventilatory support while in their collars. The common goal for these diverse populations is an effective and safe manner to remove the collar once the neck has been deemed free of an unstable occult injury. The authors provide rational guidelines and propose algorithms to address these difficult clinical scenarios.
Aloe vera: A review of toxicity and adverse clinical effects

ABSTRACT The Aloe plant is employed as a dietary supplement in a variety of foods and as an ingredient in cosmetic products. The widespread human exposure and its potential toxic and carcinogenic activities raise safety concerns. Chemical analysis reveals that the Aloe plant contains various polysaccharides and phenolic chemicals, notably anthraquinones. Ingestion of Aloe preparations is associated with diarrhea, hypokalemia, pseudomelanosis coli, kidney failure, as well as phototoxicity and hypersensitive reactions. Recently, Aloe vera whole leaf extract showed clear evidence of carcinogenic activity in rats, and was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2B). This review presents updated information on the toxicological effects, including the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and adverse clinical effects of Aloe vera whole leaf extract, gel, and latex.
Time Spent in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors on the Working Day: The American Time Use Survey

Objective: To determine time spent on the working day in sleep, work, sedentary behaviors, and light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity behaviors by occupation intensity. Methods: Data came from 30,758 working respondents to the 2003 to 2009 American Time Use Survey. Mean ± SEM time spent in work, sedentary behaviors, light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity activities, and sleep were computed by occupations classified as sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous intensity. Results: On average, approximately 32% of the 24-hour day was spent sleeping and approximately 31% was spent at work. Time spent in sedentary behaviors outside of work was higher, and light-intensity time was lower, with higher levels of intensity-defined occupation. Conclusions: Those employed in sedentary occupations were sedentary for approximately 11 hours per day, leaving little time to achieve recommended levels of physical activity for overall health.
Prevalence of Asthma Among Youth on Hispanic-Operated Farms in the United States—2000

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to estimate prevalence of asthma and asthma attacks among youth (0–19 years old) working and/or living on Hispanic-operated farms. The 2000 U.S. Minority Farm Operator Childhood Agricultural Injury Survey (M-CAIS) data were used to calculate prevalence of asthma, asthma attacks and serious asthma attacks among youth (0 to 19 years) living on Hispanic-operated farms. Age-specific asthma prevalence rates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for working and nonworking youth. In 2000, an estimated 17,573 youth lived on Hispanic-operated farms; 7.4% had asthma ever diagnosed, 8.1% had an asthma attack while at work in the last year, and 1.4% had a serious asthma attack. Asthma prevalence was highest among youth aged 16–19 (9.1%), males (8.6%), and those driving tractors (9.7%). Serious asthma attacks that required an emergency room visit or hospitalization in the last year were most prevalent among youth aged 0–9 years (1.8%), males (1.7%), and those riding horses (1.7%). Compared with nonworking youth, prevalence of asthma (8.9% versus 6.1%; p < .05) and serious asthma attacks (1.6% versus 1.3%; p > .05) was higher among working youth. Prevalence of asthma attacks in the last year while at work was also significantly higher among males than females (8.6% versus 6.0%; p < .05) and among youth living on livestock farms than among youth on crop farms (9.4% versus 7.4%; p < .05). These findings contribute to the limited information on asthma among youth working on Hispanic-operated farms, and indicate the need for asthma prevention programs on farms and intervention studies targeting farming youth populations.
A CASE OF CYSTITIS CAUSED BY BACILLUS COLI-HEMOLYTICUS

As little mention of the hemolytic properties of colon bacilli is made in the literature, the following report may not be without interest. From a patient, an adult woman with some obscure bladder or kidney trouble, several samples of catheterized urine were collected in sterile bottles and submitted for bacteriologic examination with the suggestion that the case might be tuberculous. The urine when received was cloudy, but on standing or centrifuging rapidly settled out clear. Microscopically the sediment showed numerous pus cells, no casts, and large numbers of a doubtfully motile and gram-negative bacillus of general colon morphology. No acid-fast organisms were found in the urine. Three guinea-pigs were inoculated in the groin with the centrifuged urine sediment as follows: Oct. 9, 1916, one was inoculated with the sediment of about 50 c.c. of urine, and died, November 6, showing at the site of inoculation a necrotic area and pocket
Comparison of cord blood thawing methods on cell recovery, potency, and infusion

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) products have traditionally been thawed using a washing method intended to stabilize the cells, reduce dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) toxicity, and remove potentially ABO‐incompatible red blood cell (RBC) stroma and plasma. Concerns with this approach include loss of total nucleated cells (TNCs), bag breakage during centrifugation, and poor reproducibility by transplant centers unfamiliar with this technique. We rationalized that a simple 1:1 dilution without centrifugation would stabilize the product and reduce the DMSO concentration by 50%, allowing for a controlled thaw in the laboratory without the risks of cell loss.
THE SPECIFIC TREATMENT OF LOBAR PNEUMONIA: A STATISTICAL REVIEW

The specific treatment of lobar pneumonia was attempted as early as 1897 by Washbourn. 1 His and other early attempts were not successful, because the serums were not made and given on a type specific basis. Since 1913 Cole 2 has used an unconcentrated horse serum in type I pneumonia with a mortality of 10 per cent. This unconcentrated serum, however, has not become popular because of its tendency to produce reactions. In 1921 Huntoon 3 produced a serum-free solution of pneumococcus antibodies in modified Ringer's solution. The potency of this product is such that it protects mice against 1,000,000 lethal doses of a virulent culture of pneumococcus type I. It is somewhat less protective against type II and protects against only 100,000 lethal doses of type III. It contains only 0.035 mg. of nitrogen per cubic centimeter. Recently the manufacturers have discontinued the use of pneumococcus type III in
THE WEIR MITCHELL LECTURE: SURGICAL EXPERIENCES WITH PITUITARY DISORDERS

Our variously acquired bits of information concerning the ductless gland disorders lie distractingly before us like the fragments of a modern picture puzzle. Here and there a few pieces, possibly on the basis of similarity of color, have been assembled and fitted together, but the relation of these groups to one another or to the design as a whole is not at all clear. Some of them subsequently prove to have been upside-down; marginal groups are found to belong at the side when they had been thought to go at the top; and the disappointing stage is always reached when pieces appear to have been irrevocably lost. A chance bystander with an eye for form picks up an odd piece, fits it into its proper place, and it immediately becomes apparent from the new outline that two isolated groups or foci of the picture can be articulated. So in the