Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La fibroscopie digestive haute chez le sujet noir africain age

But : Determiner le profil des lesions oesogastroduodenales retrouvees a l’endoscopie digestive haute et relever les particularites. Patients et methodes : Etude retrospective, descriptive sur des resultats de compte-rendu d’endoscopie digestive haute menee en unite d’endoscopie digestive du service d’hepato-gastro-enterologie du CHU Campus de Lome du 15 Mai 2009 au 31 Decembre 2013. Les patients âges de plus de 60 ans etaient inclus. Resultats : Il y avait 351 sujets âges au moins de 60 ans (12,55%) repartis entre 211 femmes et 140 hommes. L’âge moyen etait de 68,49 ans (60 et 93 ans). L’endoscopie digestive haute a retrouve des lesions chez 287 patients (82.34%) et une predominance de fibroscopie digestive decrite comme normale a ete observee chez les femmes (67,19%). L’endoscopie digestive haute a ete realisee dans 47,29% des cas pour des epigastralgies. La pathologie gastrique etait la plus frequente (70,04 %). La pathologie inflammatoire predominait (59,73%), la pathologie ulcereuse (17,57%), la pathologie tumorale (8,39%). L’examen anatomopathologique des lesions tumorales a retrouve 7 cas de carcinome epidermoide de l’oesophage, 27 cas d’adenocarcinome gastrique. Conclusion : La pathologie digestive haute chez le sujet âge au Togo est dominee par les inflammations et les ulceres ; toutefois on a note une frequence relativement elevee des tumeurs malignes. L’âge et le sexe masculin sont des facteurs associes aux tumeurs malignes. Mots cles : Endoscopie digestive haute, sujet âge, noir africain, Togo
Aggressive Deep Driving: Model Predictive Control with a CNN Cost Model

We present a framework for vision-based model predictive control (MPC) for the task of aggressive, high-speed autonomous driving. Our approach uses deep convolutional neural networks to predict cost functions from input video which are directly suitable for online trajectory optimization with MPC. We demonstrate the method in a high speed autonomous driving scenario, where we use a single monocular camera and a deep convolutional neural network to predict a cost map of the track in front of the vehicle. Results are demonstrated on a 1:5 scale autonomous vehicle given the task of high speed, aggressive driving.
Increased LINGO1 in the cerebellum of essential tremor patients

Essential tremor (ET) is the most prevalent adult‐onset movement disorder. Despite its health burden, no clear pathognomonic sign has been identified to date because of the rarity of clinicopathological studies. Moreover, treatment options are still scarce and have not significantly changed in the last 30 years, underscoring the urgent need to develop new treatment avenues. In the recent years, leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) and immunoglobulin (Ig) domain‐containing Nogo receptor‐interacting proteins 1 and 2 (LINGO1 and LINGO2, respectively) have been increasingly regarded as possible ET modulators due to emerging genetic association studies linking LINGO with ET. We have investigated LINGO protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the cerebellum of patients with ET, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and a control group using Western immunoblotting and in situ hybridization. Protein levels of LINGO1, but not LINGO2, were significantly increased in the cerebellar cortex of ET patients compared with controls, particularly in individuals with longer disease duration. Compared with controls, LINGO1 protein levels were increased in the cerebellar white matter of PD and ET patients but, for the latter, only when disease duration exceeded 20 years. However, no alteration in LINGO1 mRNA was observed between groups in either the cerebellar cortex or the white matter. We observed alterations in LINGO expression in diseased brain that seemed to progress along with the disease, being initiated in the cerebellar cortex before reaching the white matter. Because LINGO up‐regulation has been identified as a potential pathological response to ongoing neurodegenerative processes, the present data suggest that LINGO1 is a potential drug target for ET. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Why Are Polar Surfaces of ZnO Stable

We probe and rationalize the complex surface chemistry of wurtzite ZnO by employing interatomic potential calculations coupled with a Monte Carlo procedure that sampled over 0.5 million local minima. We analyze the structure and stability of the (0001) and (0001) ZnO surfaces, rationalizing previous patterns found in STM images and explaining the (1 × 1) periodicity reported by LEED analysis. The full range of Zn/O surface occupancies was covered for a (5 × 5) supercell, keeping |mZn – mO|/N ≈ 0.24 where m and N are the numbers of occupied surface sites and total surface sites, respectively. Our calculations explain why the (5 × 5) reconstructions seen in some experiments and highlight the importance of completely canceling the inherent dipole of the unreconstructed polar surfaces. The experimentally observed rich reconstruction patterns can be traced from the lowest occupancy, showing the thermodynamically most stable configurations of both polar surfaces. Triangular and striped reconstructions are seen.
Crystal structure of EML1 reveals the basis for Hsp90 dependence of oncogenic EML4-ALK by disruption of an atypical β-propeller domain

Significance Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein (EMAP)-like (EML) proteins normally function in the cytoskeleton. In some lung cancers, genetic abnormalities generate the oncogenic fusion protein EML4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) on which the cancer cells depend for survival. We have determined the molecular structure of a conserved, tubulin-binding region of EML1 that reveals an unexpected protein fold. This region is disrupted in ∼70% of EML4-ALK fusions found in patients, causing them to be sensitive to drugs that target Hsp90, a cellular factor that stabilizes misfolded protein. Our findings will potentially enable more effective, stratified therapy of EML4-ALK nonsmall cell lung cancer and suggest that the truncation of a globular domain at the translocation breakpoint may prove generally predictive of Hsp90 inhibitor sensitivity in cancers driven by fusion oncogenes. Proteins of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein (EMAP)-like (EML) family contribute to formation of the mitotic spindle and interphase microtubule network. They contain a unique hydrophobic EML protein (HELP) motif and a variable number of WD40 repeats. Recurrent gene rearrangements in nonsmall cell lung cancer fuse EML4 to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), causing expression of several fusion oncoprotein variants. We have determined a 2.6-Å crystal structure of the representative ∼70-kDa core of EML1, revealing an intimately associated pair of β-propellers, which we term a TAPE (tandem atypical propeller in EMLs) domain. One propeller is highly atypical, having a discontinuous subdomain unrelated to a WD40 motif in place of one of its blades. This unexpected feature shows how a propeller structure can be assembled from subdomains with distinct folds. The HELP motif is not an independent domain but forms part of the hydrophobic core that joins the two β-propellers. The TAPE domain binds α/β-tubulin via its conserved, concave surface, including part of the atypical blade. Mapping the characteristic breakpoints of each EML4-ALK variant onto our structure indicates that the EML4 TAPE domain is truncated in many variants in a manner likely to make the fusion protein structurally unstable. We found that the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor ganetespib induced degradation of these variants whereas others lacking a partial TAPE domain were resistant in both overexpression models and patient-derived cell lines. The Hsp90-sensitive EML4-ALK variants are exceptions to the rule that oncogenic fusion proteins involve breakpoints in disordered regions of both partners.
Painful Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Objectives:To provide a current overview of the diagnostic work-up and management of painful diabetic polyneuropathy (PDPN). Methods:A review covering the literature from 2004 to 2011, which describes the tools designed to diagnose neuropathic pain and assess its severity, including self-administered questionnaires, validated laboratory tests and simple handheld screening devices, and the evidence-based therapeutic approaches to PDPN. Results:The clinical aspects, pathogenesis, and comorbidities of PDPN, as well as its impact on health related quality of life (HR-QoL), are the main drivers for the management of patients with suspected PDPN. PDPN treatment consists first of all in improving glycemic control and lifestyle intervention. A number of symptomatic pharmacological agents are available for pain control: tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine and duloxetine), &agr;2-delta ligands (gabapentin and pregabalin), opioid analgesics (tramadol and oxycodone), and agents for topical use, such as lidocaine patch and capsaicin cream. With the exception of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, physical treatment is not supported by adequate evidence. Discussion:As efficacy and tolerability of current therapy for PDPN are not ideal, the need for a better approach in management further exists. Novel compounds should be developed for the treatment of PDPN.
The tragic wedding

Wedding ritual in tragedy tends to be subverted. In explaining and arguing for this generalisation I hope also to shed new light on some of the passages deployed. My starting point is the actual wedding ceremony. How did the Athenians of the classical period imagine that it was celebrated? Our evidence derives largely from contemporary drama and vase-painting. The picture presented by this evidence coheres very well in certain respects with that derived from other periods and places: Sappho, Catullus' imitation of the Greek, the lexicographers, and so on. For example, one important element that is found in the Attic and the non-Attic evidence alike is the ambiguity, for the bride, of the transition. The abrupt passage to her new life contains both negative and positive elements. On the one hand it is like the yoking of an animal or the plucking of a flower. It means isolation, separation from her friends and parents. It is an occasion of resentment and anxiety, comparable to death.
Effect of the inclination of a maxillary central incisor on periodontal stress: finite element analysis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of labiolingual inclination of a maxillary central incisor on the magnitude and distribution of stresses within the periodontal space. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five three-dimensional finite element models of a right maxillary central incisor were created with 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40° inclination. Each incisor model was subjected to a 1 N lingual-directed force and 6-12 N·mm countertipping moment on the labial surface. The stress level within the periodontal ligament was calculated in terms of maximum principal stresses. RESULTS With increased inclination, compressive stresses tended to increase whereas tensile stresses tended to decrease. The location where compressive stress was prevalent changed from the midroot area to the apical area on the lingual side, while the area where tensile stresses were predominant changed from the midroot area to the cervical area on the labial side. CONCLUSION There are more compressive stresses concentrated at the apex of incisors with a high degree of inclination than in incisors that are more upright. This may be associated with the higher clinical incidence of apical root resorption found in inclined maxillary central incisors.
Androgen‐binding Protein is Co‐Expressed with Oxytocin in the Male Reproductive Tract

Androgen‐binding protein (ABP) and the posterior lobe hormone oxytocin (OT) were co‐localized in male rat reproductive organs. Immunostaining of serial semi‐thin sections revealed a high rate of coexistence of both antigens in Sertoli cells and in the epithelial cells of the prostate. There was a considerably less co‐localization of OT and ABP in epithelial cells of the epididymis, and in the different tissues of the ductus deferens. In situ hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides complementary to a fragment of ABP mRNA showed specific staining in the same sites that were immunostained for ABP. ABP was isolated by affinity chromatography from homogenates of testis, epididymis, prostate and the content of the prostate lumen. Identical protein patterns could be shown with surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry in all samples except for the epididymis indicating that ABP structure is similar in all these tissues. ABP seems to be expressed in specified cells throughout the male rat reproductive tract. Most of these cells appear to be oxytocinergic. ABP and OT have previously been detected in the ejaculate. The observed epithelial cells are likely to be their source.
Heady Business: Skulls, Heads, and Decapitation in Neolithic Anatolia and Greece

Bodily dismemberment—particularly decapitation—appears in the iconography and mortuary practices of many ancient societies. A powerful and complex cultural statement, decapitation has been explored in some depth by archaeologists working in the prehistoric Levant and contiguous regions of the Near East. Very little research, however, has focused on the notion of headlessness and decapitation throughout the rest of the prehistoric Mediterranean. Some limited examples appear in the artistic traditions and burial practices of Anatolia and Greece; Anatolian wall paintings depict headless individuals, Neolithic burials in both regions produce skulls placed in specially designated locations, and select figurines appear to be designed with detachable heads. This paper gathers together some of the disparate information on headless bodies and bodiless heads from Anatolia and Greece, and offers preliminary conclusions on the range of their possible functions and meanings.
Continuous interscalene brachial plexus block for postoperative analgesia following shoulder surgery

Background: Severe postoperative pain is a well‐known problem following shoulder surgery. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of continuous interscalene brachial plexus block, patient‐controlled analgesia, and morphine (i.v. and i.m.) for postoperative analgesia in this setting.
Alterations in Body Fluid Balance During Fin Swimming in 29°C Water in a Population of Special Forces Divers

Abstract Highly trained “combat swimmers” encounter physiological difficulties when performing missions in warm water. The aim of this study was to assess the respective roles of immersion and physical activity in perturbing fluid balance of military divers on duty in warm water. 12 trained divers performed 2 dives each (2 h, 3 m depth) in fresh water at 29°C. Divers either remained Static or swam continuously (Fin) during the dive. In the Fin condition, oxygen consumption and heart rate were 2-fold greater than during the Static dive. Core and skin temperatures were also higher (Fin: 38.5±0.4°C and 36.2±0.3°C and Static: 37.2±0.3°C and 34.3±0.3°C; respectively p=0.0002 and p=0.0003). During the Fin dive, the average mass loss was 989 g (39% urine loss, 41% sweating and 20% insensible water loss and blood sampling); Static divers lost 720 g (84% urine loss, 2% sweating and 14% insensible water loss and blood sampling) (p=0.003). In the Fin condition, a greater decrease in total body mass and greater sweating occurred, without effects on circulating renin and aldosterone concentrations; diuresis was reduced, and plasma volume decreased more than in the Static condition.
Antibody Response to Serpin B13 Induces Adaptive Changes in Mouse Pancreatic Islets and Slows Down the Decline in the Residual Beta Cell Function in Children with Recent Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus*

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is characterized by a heightened antibody (Ab) response to pancreatic islet self-antigens, which is a biomarker of progressive islet pathology. We recently identified a novel antibody to clade B serpin that reduces islet-associated T cell accumulation and is linked to the delayed onset of T1D. As natural immunity to clade B arises early in life, we hypothesized that it may influence islet development during that time. To test this possibility healthy young Balb/c male mice were injected with serpin B13 mAb or IgG control and examined for the number and cellularity of pancreatic islets by immunofluorescence and FACS. Beta cell proliferation was assessed by measuring nucleotide analog 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (5-EdU) incorporation into the DNA and islet Reg gene expression was measured by real time PCR. Human studies involved measuring anti-serpin B13 autoantibodies by Luminex. We found that injecting anti-serpin B13 monoclonal Ab enhanced beta cell proliferation and Reg gene expression, induced the generation of ∼80 pancreatic islets per animal, and ultimately led to increase in the beta cell mass. These findings are relevant to human T1D because our analysis of subjects just diagnosed with T1D revealed an association between baseline anti-serpin activity and slower residual beta cell function decline in the first year after the onset of diabetes. Our findings reveal a new role for the anti-serpin immunological response in promoting adaptive changes in the endocrine pancreas and suggests that enhancement of this response could potentially help impede the progression of T1D in humans.
Determination of acidic herbicides in cereals by QuEChERS extraction and LC/MS/MS

A simple and rapid method has been studied for the determination of acidic herbicides (2,4-D, Dichlorprop, Dichlorprop-p, Fluazifop, Fluroxypyr, MCPA, Mecoprop and Mecoprop-p) on cereals (rye). The method involves an alkaline hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide in order to release covalently bound compounds, prior to QuEChERS extraction, followed by neutralization and analysis via liquid chromatography-double mass spectrometry LC/MS/MS. The performance of the method either with or without alkaline hydrolysis was studied in terms of recovery rates and limit of quantification (LOQ). In either case, recoveries were determined at four spiking levels (0.02 mg/kg, 0.05 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg) with 5 replicates for each level. Mean recoveries ranged from 90 to 120 %, whereas relative standard deviations (RSD %) proved to be less than 20 %. Quantitative analysis was carried out by the internal standard (Nicarbazin) and the LC/MS/MS analysis was performed in electrospray ionisation (ESI) negative mode using a Zorbax XCB Eclipse column. The developed method was applied to the analysis of several cereals commercially available like as rye flour, oat meal, oat flakes and dehusked oat. Residue levels were found below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method. The method has been tested in EU Proficiency Tests for cereals with good results.
Bi-institutional retrospective cohort study evaluating the incidence of osteosarcoma following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (2000–2009)

Summary Objectives: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for occurrence of osteosarcoma (OSA) following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO). Methods: Medical records of client-owned dogs that underwent consecutive TPLO procedures at two institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Referring veterinarians and owners were contacted for follow-up. Each institutional cohort was assessed separately, and the incidence density rate and median time to occurrence of OSA at the TPLO site and at other sites were calculated. Marginal Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for potential risk factors for occurrence of OSA. Results: There were 472 CLINIC A (Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital) and 1992 CLINIC B (SAGE Centers for Veterinary Specialty and Emergency Care) TPLO cases with over one year of follow-up available. There were five and six dogs within the cohorts that developed OSA at the site of TPLO, and seven and 22 dogs that developed OSA at other anatomical sites, respectively. The incidence density rates of OSA at the TPLO site were 30.4 and 10.2 per 10,000 dog-years at risk, and other sites were 42.6 and 37.5 per 10,000 dog-years at risk. The median time to occurrence of OSA of TPLO site OSA was 4.6 and 4.4 years, which was longer than that of other site OSA of 2.9 and 3.4 years. Clinical significance: There is a low incidence of OSA following TPLO surgery. The longer time to occurrence for TPLO site OSA is similar to that for fracture-associated sarcoma, and could indicate a similar underlying pathophysiology rather than spontaneous OSA occurrence.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated With Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Children

Objective Previous reports suggest an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in adults. To date, only five children with both diseases have been described. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of children with IBD and ITP. Methods Cases were obtained from the pediatric gastroenterology community by means of the pediatric gastroenterology internet bulletin board in June 1999. Eight cases were submitted from seven medical centers. Medical records were reviewed by two pediatric gastroenterologists and a pediatric hematologist. Results The age range of the patients was 2.1 to 16.5 years, with a mean age of 9.6 ± 5.2 years. Four children had ulcerative colitis, three had Crohn disease, and one had indeterminate colitis. All had colonic involvement of IBD. Of eight patients, three had IBD first, three had ITP first, and two had both simultaneously. At ITP diagnosis, platelet count was less than 10,000/mL in five children, 17,000/mL in one child, and 50,000 to 60,000/mL in two children. Of the three children diagnosed with ITP first, two initially had rectal bleeding at the time of ITP diagnosis. Bone marrow evaluations, performed in six of eight children, were consistent with ITP. Six of the eight children had chronic ITP, including three children who were 5 years of age or younger. Therapy for ITP included steroids (n = 6), intravenous immunoglobulin (n = 6), Rh o (D) intravenous immunoglobulin (n = 2), and splenectomy (n = 1). Conclusions The authors describe the largest pediatric case series of children with IBD and ITP. More than 50% of the children had the chronic form of ITP. Most patients responded to conventional therapy for ITP and IBD.
Non-invasive assessment of arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation in cattle by pulse oximetry

The aim ofthis study was to evaluate the practicality and accuracy of different attachment sites for the optodes of a pulse oximeter (measuring arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation) in healthy cattle, and to assess the accuracy of pulse oximetry in diseased cattle with low haemoglobin oxygen saturation values caused by respiratory disease. The tail, the nasal septum and the genital mucosa offemales provided a continuous, stable and intense signal. The smallest bias, and no significant difference between measurements of arterial haemoglobin (mSpO2) with the pulse oximeter and measurements of arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) with a blood gas analyserwas obtained when the probe was attached to the tail. This site was used to evaluate the accuracy of pulse oximetry in animals with respiratory disease. There was a small bias between the measurements of SaO2 and mSpO2, with a tendency for pulse oximetry to underestimate higher values and to overestimate lower values. The precision of pulse oximetry decreased substantially with the values for SaO2 >80 per cent, which lies outside the clinically relevant range.