Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
α-Synuclein Activates Microglia by Inducing the Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinases and the Subsequent Activation of Protease-Activated Receptor-1

The mutation or overexpression of α-synuclein protein plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. In our preliminary experiments, we found that α-synuclein induced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (MMP-1, -3, -8, and -9) in rat primary cultured microglia. Thus, the current study was undertaken to determine the roles of MMPs in α-synuclein–induced microglial activation. The inhibition of MMP-3, -8, or -9 significantly reduced NO and reactive oxygen species levels and suppressed the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. Notably, MMP-8 inhibitor suppressed TNF-α production more efficaciously than MMP-3 or MMP-9 inhibitors. Inhibition of MMP-3 or -9 also suppressed the activities of MAPK, NF-κB, and AP-1. Previously, protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) has been associated with the actions of MMPs, and thus, we further investigated the role of PAR-1 in α-synuclein–induced inflammatory reactions. A PAR-1–specific inhibitor and a PAR-1 antagonist significantly suppressed cytokine levels, and NO and reactive oxygen species production in α-synuclein–treated microglia. Subsequent PAR-1 cleavage assay revealed that MMP-3, -8, and -9, but not α-synuclein, cleaved the synthetic peptide containing conventional PAR-1 cleavage sites. These results suggest that MMPs secreted by α-synuclein–stimulated microglia activate PAR-1 and amplify microglial inflammatory signals in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Furthermore, our findings suggest that modulation of the activities of MMPs and/or PAR-1 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA RUMAH MAKAN KAMPOENG DJOWO SEKATUL KABUPATEN KENDAL

Costumer satisfaction is influenced by several factors, including the quality of service and price. This study establishes the service quality and price as a benchmark for customer satisfaction at Kampoeng Djowo Sekatul restaurant. This type of research is explanatory research, by using a self questionnaire administrator as the data collection technique. The tool used was a questionnaire. The population in this study is the food costumers Kampoeng Djowo Sekatul. Calculation of the sample using non-probability sampling technique, the type used is accidental sampling by respondents as many as 100 people. The data analysis technique used is the linear regression analysis. The conclusion from this study is that there are significant between service quality and price on consumer satisfaction Kampoeng Djowo Sekatul Kendal, partially affect service quality by 28.8% to customer satisfaction, and prices by 34.9% on customer satisfaction. Mutual influence the quality of service and price to customer satisfaction by 36.3%, while 63.7% is influenced by other factors. Advice: the company must conduct periodic evaluation and improvement of the quality of service that is better in the eyes of costumers, Kampoeng Djowo Sekatul restaurant must still maintain a decent price for the costumer based on their level of income, a place of comfort and quality of food as well as other competitors.
Vertical structure of aerosols, temperature, and moisture associated with an intense African dust event observed over the eastern Caribbean

An unusually intense African dust event affected a large area of the western Atlantic and eastern Caribbean in early April 2010. Measurements made east of Barbados from the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter research aircraft are used to characterize particle size distributions; vertical distributions of aerosols, temperature, and moisture; and processes leading to the observed stratification in the boundary layer. The vertical profiles of various aerosol characterizations were similar on both days and show three layers with distinct aerosol and thermodynamic characteristics: the Saharan Air Layer (SAL; ~2.2 km ± 500 m), a subcloud layer (SCL; surface to ~500 m), and an intermediate layer extending between them. The SAL and SCL display well‐mixed aerosol and thermodynamic characteristics; but the most significant horizontal and vertical variations in aerosols and thermodynamics occur in the intermediate layer. The aerosol variability observed in the intermediate layer is likely associated with modification by shallow cumulus convection occurring sometime in the prior history of the air mass as it is advected across the Atlantic. A comparison of the thermodynamic structure observed in the event from its origin over Africa with that when it reached Barbados indicates that the lower part of the SAL was moistened by surface fluxes as the air mass was advected across the Atlantic. Mixing diagrams using aerosol concentrations and water vapor mixing ratios as conserved parameters provide insight into the vertical transports and mixing processes that may explain the observed aerosol and thermodynamic variability in each layer.
Market Orientation and Organizational Performance in Tourism and Travel Industry

This study explores market orientation in the Tourism and Travel companies. Authors hypothesized a positive relationship between market orientation and four organizational factors, including professional commitment, professional education, and professional ethics of the senior management team, and organizational entrepreneurship, and also the three environmental factors, including perceptions of two states of competition and the demand. The study also examines the relationship between market orientation and Organizational Performance. Data from top Tourism and Travel Companies was collected and was used to empirically test the hypothesized relationships.
Gut Weed, Enteromorpha sp. As a Partial Replacement for Commercial Feed in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Culture

A 42-day experiment was carried out to evaluate the fresh and dried gut weed (Enteromorpha sp.) as a direct alternative feeds for monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) comparing with commercial feed. Triplicate groups of fish with initial size of 3.04±0.48 g were stocked in 21 plastic tanks at a rate of 30 fish per tank. The water volume of each plastic tank was 80 liters. Fish were fed the respective diets to satiation twice a day. The results showed that the growth performance of O. niloticus in the alternating feeding treatments, 1 day commercial feed and 1 consecutive day fresh or dried gut weed (1CF_1FGW and 1CF_1DGW) were not significantly different from the control group fed solely commercial feed, whereas significantly reduced performance were observed in fish fed the fresh or dried gut weed as single diet. Carcass analysis documented the highest crude lipid content in fish fed commercial feed while protein content has no influenced by the gut weed replacement levels in the diet. Economic analysis suggested that the cost of the combined feeding regimes could be reduced with 41% without hampering the growth of tilapia. These results indicated that fresh and dried gut weed can be used as a feed to partially substitute commercial feed for Nile tilapia O. niloticus juvenile.
Intravenous Methylphenidate as a Diagnostic and Psychotherapeutic Instrument in Adult Psychiatry

childhood traumata)" (7, p 10), owing to its addictive potential it should only be used under the strictest medical supervision. In 1973, Janowsky et al. (7) reported that methylphenidate (0.5 mg/kg IV) activated pre-existing psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients and then commented on the potential value of this test as a diagnostic instrument and as an investigative tool in understanding biochemical factors in this illness. In 1976 after further studies they suggested (8) that this activation of symptoms may correlate with an increase in adrenergic activity and " . that psychostimulant interviews can be contributory in the making of a differential psychiatric diagnosis and in the understanding of intrapsychic dynamics" (7, p 308). This is part of a study which attempts to bridge the gap between neuropharmacology and psychotherapy by observing and measuring the psychological, physiological, and neuroendocrinological effects of methylphenidate. Clinical observations relating to the diagnostic and psychotherapeutic aspects of methylphenidate interviews are outlined and classified.
Understanding Attitudes Towards Computer Use in the Police Department of Pakistan

The extraordinary rate of development in information technologies can bring additional costs and failure if psychological reactions and organizational factors are ignored by system designers. Therefore, this research study explores the key factors of police officers’ acceptance and attitudes through a research survey and by gathering empirical evidence based on the integrated research framework. Data collected from 200 respondents was tested against the research model. The findings confirm the good model fit by supporting four out of six hypotheses. The results lead to make several suggestions for the police sector and IT policy‐makers to use as guidelines for the future development of this service.
Capacity of a Class of Markov Channels

Several new expressions for the anytime capacity of Sahai and Mitter are presented for a time-varying rate-limited channel with noiseless output feedback. These follow from a novel parametric characterization obtained in the case of Markov time-varying rate channels, and include an explicit formula for the r-bit Markov erasure channel, as well as formulas for memoryless rate processes including Binomial, Poisson, and Geometric distributions. Beside the memoryless erasure channel and the additive white Gaussian noise channel with input power constraint, these are the only cases where the anytime capacity has been computed. At the basis of these results is the study of the threshold function for m-th moment stabilization of a scalar linear system controlled over a Markov timevarying digital feedback channel that depends on m and on the channel’s parameters. This threshold is shown to be a continuous and strictly decreasing function of m and to have as extreme values the Shannon capacity and the zero-error capacity as m tends to zero and infinity, respectively. Its operational interpretation is that of achievable communication rate, subject to a reliability constraint.
Dynamic Experiments for Estimating Preferences: An Adaptive Method of Eliciting Time and Risk Parameters

We present a method that dynamically designs elicitation questions for estimating risk and time preference parameters. Typically these parameters are elicited by presenting decision makers with a series of static choices between alternatives, gambles, or delayed payments. The proposed method dynamically i.e., adaptively designs such choices to optimize the information provided by each choice, while leveraging the distribution of the parameters across decision makers heterogeneity and capturing response error. We explore the convergence and the validity of our approach using simulations. The simulations suggest that the proposed method recovers true parameter values well under various circumstances. We then use an online experiment to compare our approach to a standard one used in the literature that requires comparable task completion time. We assess predictive accuracy in an out-of-sample task and completion time for both methods. For risk preferences, our results indicate that the proposed method predicts subjects' willingness to pay for a set of out-of-sample gambles significantly more accurately, while taking respondents about the same time to complete. For time preferences, both methods predict out-of-sample preferences equally well, while the proposed method takes significantly less completion time. For risk and time preferences, average completion time for our approach is approximately three minutes. Finally, we briefly review three applications that used the proposed methodology with various populations, and we discuss the potential benefits of the proposed methodology for research and practice. This paper was accepted by Teck Ho, decision analysis.
STUDY OF ACCEPTANCE FACTORS FOR ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SERVICES

The aim of this study is to the exploring determinants influencing the acceptance of electronic payment service. Questionnaires are used to gather data from internet users and electronic payment service users, and 100 respondents participated in the study. The model of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and structural equation modeling (SEM) are used for testing hypotheses. In the addition, this study extends the modulators and three factors: Service Quality, Fee and Security. The results show that Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions are the all main factors enhance to adoption of electronic payment from actual users. Furthermore, E-Payment services are the medium or service providers of E-Payments helping increase convenience, rapidity, and facilitation in today’s people daily life. However, there have been not more people to utilize the E-payment in Thailand.
Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency: Public Law 109-431

This report was prepared in response to the request from Congress stated in Public Law 109-431 (H.R. 5646),"An Act to Study and Promote the Use of Energy Efficient Computer Servers in the United States. " This report assesses current trends in energy use and energy costs of data centers and servers in the U.S. (especially Federal government facilities) and outlines existing and emerging opportunities for improved energy efficiency. It also makes recommendations for pursuing these energy-efficiency opportunities broadly across the country through the use of information and incentive-based programs.
Reply to "Letter to the Editor: The effects of electronic cigarette aerosol exposure on inflammation and lung function in mice".

reply: We appreciate the interest and discussion by Drs. Farsalinos, Kistler, and Gillman ([3][1]), in this issue of the American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology , related to our recently published article ([9][2]). We agree with the authors that our article omits some
Don’t Look Down: New Evidence on Job Loss in a Flexible Labour Market

We estimate the earnings, hours and income effects of job loss (displacement) for a representative sample of UK workers from 1991--2007. We are able to follow workers before and after displacement regardless of their labour market state, and we are able to precisely match displaced workers with observably similar non-displaced workers. We show that job loss is associated with a long-run reduction in income which is mainly due to reductions in monthly pay conditional on employment rather than in employment propensity. Entry into unemployment is very short-lived, and while there is some entry into other labour market states, this does little to compensate for income losses. Total income from welfare payments, including unemployment insurance, retirement income and invalidity benefit reduces losses by only 15% in the first 12 months after job loss, and become even less important as time passes. The lack of a “safety net” means that job loss in the UK has a similar effect to job loss in the US.
Modulation of Distal Calcium Electrogenesis by Neuropeptide Y1 Receptors Inhibits Neocortical Long-Term Depression

In layer 5 neocortical pyramidal neurons, backpropagating action potentials (bAPs) firing at rates above a critical frequency (CF) induce supralinear Ca2+ influx and regenerative potentials in apical dendrites. Paired temporally with an EPSP, this Ca2+ influx can result in synaptic plasticity. We studied the actions of neuropeptide Y (NPY), an abundant neocortical neuropeptide, on Ca2+ influx in layer 5 pyramidal neurons of somatosensory neocortex in Sprague Dawley and Wistar rats, using a combination of somatic and dendritic intracellular recordings and simultaneous Ca2+ imaging. Ca2+ influx induced by trains of bAPs above a neuron's CF was inhibited by NPY, acting only at the distal dendrite, via Y1 receptors. NPY does not affect evoked synaptic glutamate release, paired synaptic facilitation, or synaptic rundown in longer trains. Extracellular Cs+ did not prevent NPY's postsynaptic effects, suggesting it does not act via either G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ conductance (GIRK) or hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated channels. NPY application suppresses the induction of the long-term depression (LTD) normally caused by pairing 100 EPSPs with bursts of 2 bAPs evoked at a supracritical frequency. These findings suggest that distal dendritic Ca2+ influx is necessary for LTD induction, and selective inhibition of this distal dendritic Ca2+ influx by NPY can thus regulate synaptic plasticity in layer 5 pyramidal neurons.
A DEFINITION OF SHAREHOLDER VALUE CREATION

In this paper, we will define and analyze shareholder value creation. To help us understand this concept better, we will use the example of a listed company, General Electric, between 1991 and 1999. To obtain the created shareholder value, we must first define the increase of equity market value, the shareholder value added, the shareholder return, and the required return to equity. A company creates value for its shareholders when the shareholder return exceeds the required return to equity. In other words, a company creates value in one year when it outperforms expectations. The created shareholder value is quantified as follows: Created shareholder value = Equity market value x (Shareholder return - Ke). The created shareholder value can also be calculated as follows: Created shareholder value = Shareholder value added - (Equity market value x Ke). We also calculate the created shareholder value of 142 American companies during the three-year period 1997-1999 and during the eight-year period 1992-1999.
The Challenges of Tertiary Management Education and Strategic Learning Panacea in Nigeria

This study identified the problems perverting management education in Nigeria as rooted in the many inadequacies, particularly in educational policies, curricula, facilities, balance between education levels, states, ethnicity, sexes, arts and sciences, quantity and quality of education, occupations, and professions. There is also a serious problem of shortage of qualified teachers for the growing national education system. A major objective of this study is to ascertain models, theories and strategies that can address the inadequacies of the present pedagogy. Other specific objectives include: To identify the inhibiters of tertiary management education in Nigeria. To recommend measures that can stem the tide of the intractable problems of tertiary management education in Nigeria. Stemming from the above circumstances this research is bound to attract attention to issues relating to Management education and training at the tertiary institutions in Nigeria (Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education); problems and prospects of management education in Nigeria; professionalism in management; Index of tertiary management education in Nigeria, Impact of multiple ownership and control of tertiary education in Nigeria and possibility of according management education the vantage position it deserves. A cross sectional research design consisting of descriptive field survey, multiple linear regressions, ‘F’ Test research designs were used in this study. In a similar vein, data were collected from about 132 management graduates through questionnaires structured oral interviews and observations. Secondary data were sourced from current journals, textbooks, internet, brochures, radio and newspapers. The instruments were checked, for reliability and validity using a combination of pilot survey, test-retest method and expert opinions. In conclusion, it is believed that an all encompassing Systems - Innovative Management Education Model premised in self-employment, self-reliance, entrepreneurial, technical, vocational and problem-based learning skills is the ultimate and recommended an “Organisation Chart of a Management Faculty With Entrepreneurship Focus”.
INVESTIGATING ATTITUDE TOWARDS ONLINE ADVERTISING ON SOCIAL MEDIA -AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Over the past few years, social networking Iuls became papular and accerunt for a major chunk of the time internet users spend online. With the increase in online users, advertisers are tempted to explore & exploit social networking sites as a new advertising delivery vehicle. Moreover, advertisers increasingly recognized the potency of social community in terms of interactivity which includes shopping experiences, personalized selections, wide information search and greater convenience. This study makes an attempt to decipher the embedded attitude of the customers towards online advertising on the social community sites. It further investigates the instrumentality of key discriminating attributes configuring attitude on the premise of customers' proclivity for online advertising. Nevertheless, the study renders scope to test the supremacy of online advertising over other conventional media for advertising. The study advanced in the paper weruld provide enough insights to the marketers, advertisers, and strategy makers at the top of the organizational pyramid for framing strategy to maximize the fiwourable impact of advertising on a spectrum of mass media.
Eosinophils and immune mechanisms. II. Partial characterization of the lymphokine eosinophil stimulation promoter.

Eosinophil stimulation promoter (ESP) is a soluble product of activated mouse lymphoid cells which increases in vitro migration of mouse eosinophils. Pretreatment of the lymphoid cells, either by freezing and thawing or the lytic action of antithymocyte serum, abolished the ability of these sensitized cells to produce ESP when challenged by specific antigen. Its production is inhibited by the addition of puromycin. ESP is relatively heat stable, with full activity remaining after incubation at 60°C for 30 min, but none after 100°C for 30 min. Dilution markedly reduces its activity. ESP is sensitive to a proteolytic enzyme, chymotrypsin, but insensitive to RNase and to Vibrio cholera neuraminidase. Molecular sieve column chromatography of ESP-containing culture supernatant fluids yields a single peak of ESP activity, associated with only a small fraction of the total protein. The estimated molecular weight of ESP is 24,000 to 56,000 daltons.
Executive Ownership and Excess Cash Policy in the UK: Evidence from the Pre-Crisis Period

In this paper, we study the impact of the executive ownership on the probability of adopting an excess cash policy in the UK over the period 1990-2007. We provide a new approach to identify firms which adopt an excess cash policy and we distinguish between executive and non executive ownership. Results suggest that executive ownership is a controversial corporate governance mechanism: at low levels, executive ownership aligns interests of executive managers to those of shareholders and reduces the probability of adopting an excess cash policy; whereas at high levels it entrenches executives and increases the likelihood of adopting such a policy.
Global finite-time stabilization by output feedback for a class of linearly unobservable systems

This paper studies the problem of global output feedback finite-time stabilization for a class of nonlinear systems that are not guaranteed to have controllable/observable linearization. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a design methodology which combines the homogeneous domination approach with the finite-time stabilization scheme. This methodology makes it possible to extend the previous result on a class of linearly observable systems (Li, 2005) to a more general framework