Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors that influence self-disclosure for job seekers using social networking: A qualitative case study

This study investigated factors that influence the extent and type of information job seekers reveal about themselves when using social networking to search for employment opportunities and advance their careers. It examined how user concerns regarding privacy influence the level of content they provide and their interactions with fellow community members. Using social exchange theory as its theoretical framework, this study employed exploratory qualitative inquiry to examine the how and why of people’s experiences, as they interacted with professionally orientated websites and communities in their search for employment. Following the tenants of this methodology, the researcher utilized purposeful sampling to enlist a relatively small number of participants. To collect data, the researcher conducted personal interviews with 14 participants who had at least six months of experience using social media in their job search and shared information with at least one online community. The participants were either unemployed (seeking employment) or currently employed (seeking to further their career). Findings from this research showed that those using online social networking for career advancement understand that protecting their privacy is problematic. Even so, they realize that information must be shared to attract potential employers. As such, they mitigate privacy risk by (a) connecting with those whom they have a relationship, or have been referred to by their associates, and (b) establishing boundaries regarding the information they disclose. Additionally, the research suggested that the level of one’s self-disclosure is based upon their trust in those with whom they share information to keep their confidence and use the material appropriately, and in the applicable website’s management to protect their privacy, both from technological and policy perspectives. The results of this study have implications for future research in the following areas: the influence of current events upon privacy concerns and practices, introduction of a quantitative methodology to measure the influence of each factor, and modification of the methodological approach from case study to grounded theory. This research contributes to the body of literature, as it examined concepts regarding social exchange theory, privacy, and self-disclosure in the context of online professional networking.
Critical Events in Students’ Engagement with Mathematics

Researchers in the UK and Ireland have noted declining levels of mathematical preparedness amongst students entering universities over the last twenty years. Third level institutions already invest significant resources in the provision of mathematics tuition to first year students and in response to this decline in standards have further invested in the provision of mathematics supports. Research has shown that a significant minority of students at risk of failing do not engage with these resources appropriately. The central research question of this thesis is to explore the reasons for this non-engagement. This thesis presents the findings from a study of two groups of students at the National University of Ireland Maynooth. The 1st group consisted of seven students who had failed their first year of mathematics. They all had very low levels of engagement with available supports. The 2nd group consisted of nine students with similar mathematical backgrounds to the 1st group who had passed their first year of mathematics and had engaged to a significant extent. It emerged that students’ levels of reaction to a number of critical events in their mathematical education were key to their engagement levels and their subsequent progression. The 2nd group were, in general, able to approach their difficulties with mathematics while the 1st group avoided facing up to their difficulties with mathematics. We supply evidence that the students’ behaviour was influenced by fear, social interactions, and motivation.
Temperature-dependent variation in the extent of methylation of ribosomal proteins L7 and L12 in Escherichia coli

The amount of epsilon-N-monomethyllysine in ribosomal proteins L7 and L12 in Escherichia coli is dependent upon the cell growth temperature. At 37 degrees C or above, very small amounts were detected. Dramatic increase in the content of epsilon-N-monomethyllysine in these proteins was observed when the growth temperature was lowered.
The Case for Explicit Ethical Agents

use knowledge for performing tasks and solving problems, continue to attain more intelligence and autonomy, new applications are quickly coming within reach: from sophisticated decision-support systems to broad cognitive agents (such as IBM’s Watson) on the disembodied side, and from autonomously driving cars to all kinds of socially interactive robots on the embodied side. In particular the envisioned deployment of autonomous assistive robots in human societies introduces a new type of challenge that has hitherto not been sufficiently addressed by the robotics and artificial intelligence communities: that social interactions among humans in societies are based on social and moral norms that are deeply ingrained in human cognition and behavior. Failing to abide by those norms typically causes social reactions from humans, from blame and reprimands in simple cases all the way to full-fledged legal consequences. Given the fundamental normative expectations that humans have of each other, it is likely that they will extend and apply to artificial agents as well, especially to agents that are perceived as humanlike (given the human propensity to anthropomorphize machines with lifelike appearance). If true, it will be our job as agent designers to ensure that autonomous artificial agents are equipped with the moral and ethical competence to negotiate human societies in order to prevent harm they could cause otherwise by being oblivious to ethics and morality. Articles
Personality Traits and Critical Thinking Skills in College Students

The two-factor theory defines critical thinking skills as a combined effect of cognitive abilities and personality dispositions. Although the available research supports the association between critical thinking and measures of cognitive ability, the specific traits contained in the dispositional factor have not been clearly identified through empirical research. In Study 1, 101 undergraduate students completed the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA), three subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition, and the revised NEO Personality Inventory. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that Openness to Experience scores accounted for significant incremental variance in WGCTA scores beyond that accounted for by Similarities subtest scores. In Study 2, similar analyses of data from 105 students also showed significant incremental effects for Openness to Experience, even after more variance in the cognitive factor was accounted for by the Verbal Comprehension Index. Implications of these findings for the enhancement of critical thinking skills in college students are discussed.
Acute effects of exposure to air contaminants in a sawmill on healthy volunteers.

OBJECTIVES: To study whether air contaminants in sawmills can induce acute changes in the upper and lower airways of previously non-exposed subjects. METHODS: Nineteen healthy volunteers were examined to find the concentration of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in nasal lavage fluid and lung function before and after five hour exposure to dusts and fumes generated in a sawmill where timber from Scots pine was sawed. When exposed, the subjects had respirators with and without a particle filter. RESULTS: The median for daily time weighted average concentration of total dust for subjects with respirators without a filter was 0.13 mg/m3, which was significantly higher than the median of 0.04 mg/m3 for subjects who had respirators with a filter. The median for the concentration of IL-6 in the nasal lavage fluid increased after exposure from 0.5 to 5.9 pg/ml in subjects with respirators without a particle filter (P < 0.05). The increase of the concentration of IL-6 was significantly correlated with the dust concentration. A decrease in transfer factor of the lung was significantly correlated with daily time weighted average concentrations of terpenes. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that healthy volunteers, exposed to air contaminants in a sawmill, show a slight inflammatory reaction. Also, the results of the study indicate the importance of decreasing the concentrations of wood dust in the work environment.
Students with Disabilities in Postsecondary Education: Barriers to Success and Implications for Professionals

Counseling Association by Dr. Garry R. Walz and Dr. Jeanne C. Bleuer of Counseling Outfitters, LLC. Its purpose is to provide a means of capturing the ideas, information and experiences generated by the annual ACA Conference and selected ACA Division Conferences. Papers on a program or practice that has been validated through research or experience may also be submitted. This digital collection of peer-reviewed articles is authored by counselors, for counselors. VISTAS Online contains the full text of over 500 proprietary counseling articles published from 2004 to present.
Mothers' knowledge of young child development in a developing country.

BACKGROUND Although interventions on child development target supporting mothers' relationships with their children, little is known about maternal knowledge of child development in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine maternal knowledge about child development in Turkey. METHODS The Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory (CKCDI) developed for this study consisted of questions on when children begin to demonstrate developmental skills and when caregivers should provide opportunities for developmental stimulation. RESULTS In total, 1200 mothers of children aged <or=3 years chosen by random population-based sampling were administered the CKCDI in their homes. Of the 1055 mothers with complete data (88%), 64% had at most secondary school education and 11% were employed. The median CKCDI questionnaire score was 19 (highest possible score 40). Mothers believed that most developmental skills and activities should occur at later than normative ages and most mothers did not know that sight (52%), vocalization (79%), social smiling (59%) and overall brain development (68%) begins in the early months of life. In a linear regression model with CKCDI score as the dependent and age of child, number of children, maternal and paternal age and education as the independent variables, higher maternal education and lower number of children were found to be independent predictors of higher CKCDI scores (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate the degree to which caregivers from Turkey may be lacking information on early childhood development and that caregiver knowledge needs to be further investigated so that culture-specific and effective interventions can be planned.
The Effects of Unemployment Benefits on Migration in Lagging Regions

In this paper we analyze the unintended effects on mobility of a national place-based policy (SIPTEA) that provides greater unemployment protection in two lagging regions of southern Spain (namely, Extremadura and Andalucia). Using a border identification strategy and (1981 and 1991) census data at the municipal level, we estimate the effects of SIPTEA on population growth, the probability of staying and in-migration in rural areas that are experiencing high unemployment and significant out-migration flows. The results indicate that the policy mitigated population losses by increasing both the probability of staying and in-migration, although the locational inefficiencies implied are not particularly large. We also explore the effects of greater unemployment protection on labor market outcomes. Here, the results indicate that the policy led to a 10- to 13-percentage point increase in unemployment.
Effect of a spring application of nitrogen on the performance of perennial ryegrass-white clover swards at two sites in the Netherlands

In a field trial in 1989-93 on clay soil at Lelystad, Netherlands, a mixed sward of Lolium perenne cv. Profit and Magella and Trifolium repens cv. Retor was given annual applications of 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100 kg N ha-1 and was cut 4-5 or 6-7 times a year. In a trial in 1992-94 on sandy soil in Overijssel, a sward of L. perenne cv. Meltra, Citadel and Condesa oversown with T. repens cv. Retor in 1991 was given annual applications of 0, 50 or 100 kg N ha-1. Average annual dry matter (DM) yields were 14.66 and 13.76 t ha-1 year-1 for the clay and sandy soil, respectively. Yields increased with increasing N rate at both sites. Cutting frequency had no consistent effect on DM yield, and there was no significant interaction between N rate and cutting frequency. T. repens contents decreased with increasing N rate, reducing the DM yield in the cuts after the first in the fertilized treatments. Annual N yields were not affected by N application. The higher cutting frequency increased the T. repens content from 36 to 47% and the N yield from 458 to 524 kg ha-1, but did not affect the DM yield.
Alterations of mRNA Splicing in Primary Effusion Lymphomas

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a unique form of malignant lymphoma associated with infection by the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). The majority of PELs also contain the EBV genome. Although viral infection is believed to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of PEL, it has been suggested that additional molecular lesions are required for the development of PEL. Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is an important mechanism in the regulation of cellular and viral gene expression. Deregulation of pre-mRNA splicing may shift the gene expression balance and lead to the development of cancer. In order to investigate mRNA splicing in PELs, we examined mRNA splicing of three genes, DNA polymerase β (pol β ), Bcl-x and CD45, in eight PEL cell lines. We found that the average variant percentage of pol β in PEL cell lines is two times higher than in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and that the variant pattern of genes bcl-x and CD45 is quite different in PEL cell lines than in PBMC. In addition, we also found that the percentage of variant pol β increased two-fold in PBMC following Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Therefore, viral infection may contribute to mRNA alternative splicing in PEL. In order to explore the mechanism by which viral infection affects mRNA splicing, we also examined the roles of genes KS-SM, SM and EBERs and viral copies in mRNA splicing. Our findings indicate that various factors acting as positive or negative regulators may be involved in mRNA alternative splicing caused by viral infection. In conclusion, mRNA splicing in PEL can be altered by viral infection and this alteration may contribute to the pathogenesis of PEL.
Natural History of Progressive Adult Scoliosis

Study Design. A retrospective analysis of the progression of adult scoliosis. Objective. To establish an individual prognosis. Summary of Background Data. Most studies have investigated the adolescent scoliosis after skeletal maturity, but the results are discordant. Methods. Two senior physicians measured all the radiographs of 51 adults who had a progressive scoliosis. The mean delay between the first and last radiograph was 27 years. For each patient, a diagram was established with the Cobb angle on the y-axis and the corresponding age on the x-axis. We noted the age and Cobb angle of the first radiograph showing a rotatory subluxation and the age of menopause. We used linear regression and the analysis of variance test. Results. The mean number of radiographs per patient was 6. The linear test was significant in 46 patients. Two main types exist. Type A is an adolescent scoliosis that continues to progress after skeletal maturity, whereas type B appears or progresses late. There were 13 type A and 20 type B of which 11 progressed around menopause. Significant differences were noted between groups A and B regarding loss of body height (group A, 5 cm and group B, 9.5 cm; P < 0.001), rate of progression in lumbar single and thoracolumbar single curves (group A, 0.82°/y and group B, 1.64°/y; P < 0.004), Cobb first radiograph (group A, 37° and group B, 20°; P < 0.0001), age rotatory subluxation (group A, 42 years and group B, 56 years; P < 0.0001), and Cobb rotatory subluxation (group A, 52° and group B, 29°; P < 0.0001). Conclusions. The originality of our study is the diagram. We demonstrated that the rate of progression was linear, and it can be used to establish an individual prognosis. The diagrams visualized 2 main distinct types. There was a significantly faster rate of progression in type B. In type A, rotary subluxation occurs during progression of the curvature. In type B, it seems to be the initial event. Menopause is a period of deterioration in type B.
An assessment of interest groups' influence over the European Union decision-making

This paper contributes to the field of interest group representation, in general, and more specific to the assessment of private groups‘ influence over the European Union decisionmaking. It tries to elucidate the level of influence that large companies have over the EU decision-making. We have employed and combined selected theories for the study on the Amflora case. Our research is valuable in the way that we have managed to combine two theories of assessing influence, to gain an improved view of the effects of companies‘ political activity targeted at the EU decision-making level. Aarhus School of Business, Aarhus University September, 2010
Determinants of the choice of marketing channels by corporate clients: an analysis of the information technology sector

Based on a survey of 505 corporate clients from the information technology industry, this study uses a logit statistical model to analyze whether such factors as loyalty, trust, client importance, intimacy between customer and supplier and the cost of changing suppliers may affect the choice of the marketing channel used by the client. The results show that the greater intimacy between a supplier and a corporate client is a determining factor for the client's preference for being served by the manufacturer rather than an intermediary. In contrast, clients' perception of their own importance to the supplier is not very relevant to their preference for being served directly by the manufacturer, and the other factors were not identified as (statistically important) determinants of the choice of the marketing channel. These results suggest that the real advantage of the direct sales channel over the indirect sales channel lies in its ability to strengthen the client-manufacturer relationship, thereby contributing to the development of solutions that better serve the needs of corporate clients.
Mapping the Interaction of B Cell Leukemia 3 (BCL-3) and Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) p50 Identifies a BCL-3-mimetic Anti-inflammatory Peptide*

Background: BCL-3 is an essential negative regulator of inflammation. Results: A peptide derived from the ankyrin repeat 1 domain of BCL-3 has anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusion: The interaction of a short region of BCL-3 with p50 has significant functional consequences on inflammatory gene expression. Significance: Mimicking BCL-3 function has therapeutic potential. The NF-κB transcriptional response is tightly regulated by a number of processes including the phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and subsequent proteasomal degradation of NF-κB subunits. The IκB family protein BCL-3 stabilizes a NF-κB p50 homodimer·DNA complex through inhibition of p50 ubiquitination. This complex inhibits the binding of the transcriptionally active NF-κB subunits p65 and c-Rel on the promoters of NF-κB target genes and functions to suppress inflammatory gene expression. We have previously shown that the direct interaction between p50 and BCL-3 is required for BCL-3-mediated inhibition of pro-inflammatory gene expression. In this study we have used immobilized peptide array technology to define regions of BCl-3 that mediate interaction with p50 homodimers. Our data show that BCL-3 makes extensive contacts with p50 homodimers and in particular with ankyrin repeats (ANK) 1, 6, and 7, and the N-terminal region of Bcl-3. Using these data we have designed a BCL-3 mimetic peptide based on a region of the ANK1 of BCL-3 that interacts with p50 and shares low sequence similarity with other IκB proteins. When fused to a cargo carrying peptide sequence this BCL-3-derived peptide, but not a mutated peptide, inhibited Toll-like receptor-induced cytokine expression in vitro. The BCL-3 mimetic peptide was also effective in preventing inflammation in vivo in the carrageenan-induced paw edema mouse model. This study demonstrates that therapeutic strategies aimed at mimicking the functional activity of BCL-3 may be effective in the treatment of inflammatory disease.
Gender Inequality in the Chinese Legal Profession

In China's urban context of labor retrenchment, women are faring poorly relative to their male counterparts. Is the same true in China's incipient, dynamic, and expanding legal profession? Findings from four sources of quantitative data suggest that gender inequality in China's private and highly market-driven legal profession is a microcosm of larger patterns of female disadvantage in China's evolving urban labor market. Although employment opportunities for women lawyers have greatly expanded quantitatively, their careers are qualitatively less successful than those of their male counterparts in terms of both income and partnership status. In the Chinese bar, women's significantly shorter career trajectories are perhaps the most important cause of their lower incomes and slimmer chances of becoming a law firm partner. Future research must identify the causes of this significant career longevity gap between men and women in the Chinese legal profession.
Light-triggered formation of surface topographies in azo polymers

Properties such as friction, wettability and visual impact of polymer coatings are influenced by the surface topography. Therefore, control of the surface structure is of eminent importance to tuning its function. Photochromic azobenzene-containing polymers are an appealing class of coatings of which the surface topography is controllable by light. The topographies form without the use of a solvent, and can be designed to remain static or have dynamic properties, that is, be capable of reversibly switching between different states. The topographical changes can be induced by using linear azo polymers to produce surface-relief gratings. With the ability to address specific regions, interference patterns can imprint a variety of structures. These topographies can be used for nanopatterning, lithography or diffractive optics. For cross-linked polymer networks containing azobenzene moieties, the coatings can form topographies that disappear as soon as the light trigger is switched off. This allows the use of topography-forming coatings in a wide range of applications, ranging from optics to self-cleaning, robotics or haptics.