Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential for the development of culinary tourism in Zambia

Africa is still relatively undiscovered as a tourist destination. One of the lesser-known countries in Africa is Zambia. The country can offer a wide spectrum of tourist attractions from natural (e.g. Victoria Falls, wildlife safaris) to cultural ones. Discovering the native cuisine can be the main purpose of travel, as in the case of culinary tourism. This paper aims at discussing the possibilities of developing such tourism in Zambia. The indigenous cuisine of this country is based on nshima made from maize flour (mealie-meal). Nshima is mostly eaten with side dishes prepared from different kinds of vegetables, meat, fish or insects. Local people and tourists can buy food in modern shopping centres and restaurants or at local markets where street food is sold. The process of globalization, the development of the country and changes in urban space induce transformation of gastronomic services. The primary stage of this kind of transformation can be observed in the cities of Zambia, so tourists can still quite easily taste authentic local food. Traditional sorghum beers are produced in several countries of Africa. Such beer is known in Zambia as Chibuku, after the market-leading brand. The locals often pass a pot with opaque beer around a circle of friends. Such tasting can also be an attraction for daring lovers of brewery tourism.
Severe Craniocerebral Traumas From Television-Tip-Over in Children

Materials and Methods: The records of 34 patients aged 0-16 years with TV-related serious head injuries presenting to a tertiary hospital during the last 17 years were retrospectively reviewed. From the hospital’s file recordings, authors retrieved data about demographic information; Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (PGCS) score; length of hospital stay; injuries supervened to the scalp, cranium, or brain; and Glasgow Outcome Scale score.
New Time-Frequency Analysis of Acoustic Data

A new time-frequency transform is employed to examine acoustic data of an old motorcycle, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), and an F-16 fighter. For a given data string, zero points around the two ends are identified by searching and interpolation. After dropping segments beyond two zero ends, the corresponding Fourier sine spectrum is obtained. The time-frequency transform imposes finite bandwidth window upon the Fourier sine spectrum centered at a given frequency. The inverse Fourier transform of the band-pass limited spectrum gives the real part of the resulting spectrogram. This procedure avoids the error induced by the finite data length and excessive average other than the Fourier transform. By carefully inspecting the real part plots of the spectrogram, one can pick many information about the structure vibration and aero-acoustic data. For the motorcycle data, a series of structure vibration modes and random vibration from low to high frequency oscillations are grasped. The minor frequency shifts of high frequency modes with respect to time and random vibration show that the motorcycle is not at a good condition. The UAV is a helicopter and the examined data covers the fuel run out of point. Around the low frequency regime, the wind produces ultrasonic acoustic signal and is captured by the spectrogram. After the fuel run out of instant, propellers do not gain power to rotate again and gradually lost the rotation speed so that all the corresponding modes show a linearly decayed frequency. The spectrogram of F-16 noise recorded in the cockpit reflects the harmonic and sub-harmonic modes of engine rotor and aero-acoustic of jet plume which may or may not interact with the wing-body and canopy structure. In the high frequency regime, the random noise modes may be emitted by interaction between aero-acoustic and structure at the transonic fly. These test cases show that sound records do carry valuable information and can be uncovered by the spectrogram generated by the new time-frequency transform.
Susceptibility of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) populations from Serbia to contact insecticides.

Contact insecticides remain the principal option for controlling stored-product insects. Unsatisfactory results of insecticide applications are caused by several factors, one of the most important being resistance of stored-product insects. The objective of this study was to examine the susceptibility in several populations of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) from Serbia to different contact insecticides. Toxicity of the insecticides dichlorvos, malathion, chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl, deltamethrin and bifenthrin to adults of a laboratory population of T. castaneum was investigated in the laboratory by topical application. At the LD 50 , deltamethrin was the most toxic and malathion the least toxic of the insecticides. Discriminating dose data for the laboratory population were used to test the susceptibility of 10 other populations originating from different storage facilities (silos, warehouses and flour mills) in Serbia. The discriminating dose of malathion caused mortality of up to 85% in seven populations, indicating malathion resistance in those populations. For two populations of T. castaneum from Nikinci and Jakovo LD values, ld-p lines and levels of susceptibility/resistance (RRs) were determined. The most toxic insecticide for adults from Nikinci and Jakovo was deltamethrin, while malathion was least toxic. The resistance ratios (RRs) for malathion at the LD50 were 17.6 for beetles from Nikinci, and 26.0 for beetles from Jakovo. Keywords : Tribolium castaneum adults; Different populations; Insecticide toxicity; Susceptibility resistance
Crash Sensitivity and the Cross Section of Expected Stock Returns

This article examines whether investors receive compensation for holding crash-sensitive stocks. We capture the crash sensitivity of stocks by their lower-tail dependence (LTD) with the market based on copulas. We find that stocks with strong LTD have higher average future returns than stocks with weak LTD. This effect cannot be explained by traditional risk factors and is different from the impact of beta, downside beta, coskewness, cokurtosis, and Kelly and Jiang’s (2014) tail risk beta. Hence, our findings are consistent with the notion that investors are crash-averse.
Initiatives in developing an early years literacy programme for bilingual preschoolers in Singapore

This paper describes the collaborative ejforts of preschool stajffrom the National institute of Education and the Ministry of Education to develop a preschool language and literacy programme, from one that was originally teacher-directed, traditionally structured and academically orientated, to one that is transitional, holistic and interactive in its approach to language teaching and learning.
Subcontracting Relationship of Indian SMEs with a Global TNC: Do SMEs Gain and How?

TNCs having their production bases in developing countries provide increasing opportunity for local SMEs to have subcontracting relationships with these TNCs.Even though some theoretical and a few empirical studies throw light on the nature of assistance provided by TNCs to local SMEs through subcontracting relationships,none of the studies so far analysed the diversity of assistance that subcontracting SMEs of India would be able to obtain from a TNC using quantitative measurement.This paper probes the extent of linkages and diversity of assistance that Indian subcontracting SMEs would be able to obtain from a TNC customer based on primary data from SME subcontractors of a major TNC automobile manufacturer. Statistical analysis of direct assistance revealed that SMEs receive more of product and purchase process assistance. The extent of assistance for their process related,marketing, human resource and financial requirements is low whereas the assistance for their organisational know-how requirements is moderate. The major indirect benefits these SMEs could achieve are knowledge transfer, business volume, superior work culture, reputation and quality improvement.
Assessment of the Nutritionally Essential Minerals and Physiochemical Properties of Infant Milk Food Commercially Available in Kuwait

This study investigated the essential nutritional minerals and physiochemical properties of infant milk formulas available in commercial markets in Kuwait. The aim was to assess the extent to which Kuwaiti infants are receiving daily nutritional requirements to meet the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) and Adequate Intakes (AI). Twenty-one infant formulas in four age groups – 0-6 months, 6-12 months, 1-3 years, and 3-6 years – were obtained from local sources for the study. Measured values of essential elements and certain physiochemical properties were compared with data certified by manufacturers of the products. Data obtained showed no significant differences in moisture content between labeled and measured values for all tested infant formula samples.
Carbon dioxide degassing at Latera caldera (Italy): Evidence of geothermal reservoir and evaluation of its potential energy

has been evaluated at 350 t d � 1 from an area of 3.1 km 2 . It has been estimated that such a CO2 release would imply a geothermal liquid flux of 263 kg s � 1 , with a heat release of 239 MW. The chemical and isotopic composition of the gas indicates a provenance from the geothermal reservoir and that CO2 is partly originated by thermal metamorphic decarbonation in the hottest deepest parts of the system and partly has a likely mantle origin. The ratios of CO2 ,H 2 ,C H4, and CO to Ar were used to estimate the T-P conditions of the reservoir. Results cluster at T � 200–300C and PCO2 � 100–200 bars, close to the actual well measurements. Finally, the approach proved to be an excellent tool to investigate the presence of an active geothermal reservoir at depth and that the H2-CO2CH4-CO-Ar gas composition is a useful T-P geochemical indicator for such CO2 rich geothermal systems.
Basel II and Operational Risk: Implications for Risk Measurement and Management in the Financial Sector

This paper proposes a methodology to analyze the implications of the Advanced Measurement Approach (AMA) for the assessment of operational risk put forward by the Basel II Accord. The methodology relies on an integrated procedure for the construction of the distribution of aggregate losses, using internal and external loss data. It is illustrated on a 2x2 matrix of two selected business lines and two event types, drawn from a database of 3000 losses obtained from a large European banking institution. For each cell, the method calibrates three truncated distributions functions for the body of internal data, the tail of internal data, and external data. When the dependence structure between aggregate losses and the non-linear adjustment of external data are explicitly taken into account, the regulatory capital computed with the AMA method proves to be substantially lower than with less sophisticated approaches allowed by the Basel II Accord, although the effect is not uniform for all business lines and event types. In a second phase, our models are used to estimate the effects of operational risk management actions on bank profitability, through a measure of RAROC adapted to operational risk. The results suggest that substantial savings can be achieved through active management techniques, although the estimated effect of a reduction of the number, frequency or severity of operational losses crucially depends on the calibration of the aggregate loss distributions.
Examining the boundary conditions between cognitive control and interference derived from stimulus-based and response-based conflict

iv Introduction 1 Dual Mechanisms of Control 2 Proactive Control. 2 Reactive Control. 4 Interference Taxonomy 10 The Simon Task 15 The Stroop Task 17 Task Comparisons 21 Context Effects 24 Present Experiments 29 Experiment 1 31 Methods 33 Participants. 33 Materials. 33 Procedure. 35 Results 36 S-R Influence on S-S. 37 S-S Influence on S-R. 52 Discussion 66 Experiment 2 68 Methods 69 Participants. 69 Materials. 69 Procedure. 70 Results 70 Proactive Control. 71 Reactive Control. 73 Discussion 76 General Discussion 77 Implications 77 Conclusions 82 References 83 Appendix 90 IRB Form 90 Consent FormExperiment 1 91
The effect of dent versus flint maize genotype on site and the extent of starch and protein digestion, ruminal fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of sheep

La digestibilite des proteines, de l'amidon et des constituants parietaux dans l'ensemble du tractus digestif, le rendement de synthese des proteines microbiennes dans le rumen et les proportions molaires des acides gras volatils (AGV) dans le jus de rumen et dans les feces ont ete determinees sur des ovins qui ont recu de l'ensilage de mais de type dente (DTS) ou corne (FTS). Les degradabilites dans le rumen ont ete mesurees par la methode in sacco sur trois ovins alors que le rendement de synthese des proteines microbiennes a ete determine a partir de l'excretion urinaire des derives de purines en utilisant quatre ovins. L'importance de la degradation de l'amidon et des proteines a ete significativement (P < 0,001) plus faible pour FTS que pour DTS (respectivement, 718 vs. 913 et 704 vs. 767 g.kg -1 ). Les differences entre les digestibilites de l'amidon et des proteines dans l'ensemble du tractus digestif ont ete faibles (respectivement, 986 vs. 997 g.kg -1 , P < 0,01 et 939 vs. 931 g.kg -1 , P < 0,05 pour FTS et DTS). La concentration en AGV totaux dans le jus de rumen n'a pas ete affectee par le type d'ensilage (94,5 et 94,7 mmol.L -1 ), pourtant, FTS a induit des proportions molaires plus elevees de propionate (22,6 vs. 20,7 %, P < 0,05 ) et DTS des proportions de butyrate superieures (13,5 vs. 10,8 %, P<0,05). La synthese des proteines microbiennes pour FTS a ete significativement plus elevee que pour DTS (109,7 vs. 96,0 g.kg -1 de MS ingeree, P < 0,05). Quand elles sont exprimees par rapport a l'ingestion de la matiere organique fermentescible (MOF), les differences entre les hybrides sont plus importantes (215,6 vs. 158,6 g de proteines microbiennes par kg MOF, P < 0,01 ). L'efficacite plus faible de la synthese de proteines microbiennes pour DTS est probablement due a la valeur plus faible du pH ruminai (6,21 vs. 6,33, P < 0,05). Les FTS ont presente les conditions les plus favorables pour la degradation de la fraction fibreuse dans le rumen. Les feces des ovins qui ont recu FTS etaient moins riches en MS (304 vs. 371 g.kg -1 , P < 0,05) et tendaient a etre plus riche en AGV (383 et 235 mmol.kg -1 DM, P < 0,1); ce qui laisse supposer que, pour FTS, une partie de l'amidon, non degrade dans le rumen, n'a pas ete digere dans l'intestin grele et a ete fermente dans le gros intestin. En conclusion, FTS semble fournir approximativement trois fois plus d'amidon digere dans l'intestin et 20 % de proteines metabolisables en plus que DTS.
Achieving ICT4D Project Success by Altering Context, Not Technology

When explaining the failure of information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) projects, researchers often turn to differences between how designers perceive and users experience the context of technology use. According to these explanations, ICT4D projects fail because designers take an uninformed stance toward context. The ICT4D literature offers four approaches for how designers might better design technology for the context of use. In all four approaches, the target of action is typically the technology itself, not the context. Despite increasing use of these four approaches, projects still fail because of persistent differences between designers’ perceptions and users’ experience. These differences appear inevitable because ICT4D projects address problems nested in complex systems whose interaction is difficult for designers to understand and predict. Yet, some projects do succeed. We show that success occurred in a Brazilian banking project because users took context-oriented, not technology-oriented, actions to better fit the technology with the context. Based on our case study, we develop propositions that integrate and expand existing theories of ICT4D project success.
Coupling mechanisms in double sandbar systems. Part 2: impact on alongshore variability of inner‐bar rip channels

Double sandbar systems are common morphological features along sandy, wave‐dominated, micro‐ to meso‐tidal coastlines. In the companion paper, we demonstrated how various alongshore inner‐bar rip‐channel patterns can develop through morphological coupling to an alongshore‐variable outer bar. The simulated coupling patterns are, however, scarcely observed in the field. Instead, inner‐bar rip channels more often possess remarkably smaller and more variable alongshore length scales, suggesting that coupling mechanisms do not play a substantial role in the overall double‐sandbar dynamics. Here we use a numerical model to show that the relative importance of self‐organization and morphological coupling changes in favour of the latter with an increase in waterdepth variability along the outer‐bar crest. Furthermore, we find that the typical alongshore variability in inner‐bar rip‐channel scale is indicative of a mixture of self‐organization and morphological coupling rather than self‐organization alone. Morphological coupling may thus be more important to understanding and predicting the evolution of inner‐bar rip channels than previously envisaged. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Comparative performance of different economic traits of four imported broiler strains under local conditions of Pakistan.

The study was initiated to compare the performance of economic traits of four internationally reputed broiler strains, imported in Pakistan, under the local environmental and management conditions. A total of 360 day old chicks of four broiler strains (90 from each strain) were procured from the local hatcheries and designated as four treatments i.e., A (Hubbard), B (Arbor Acres), C (Ross 308) and D (Hybro PN). The chicks were raised under recommended rearing requirements for 7 weeks and the economic traits measured were body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, antibody titres, dressing percentage and economic evaluation as cost of broiler per kilogram live weight produced. The average body weights gained by the birds were 2264g, 2277g, 2256g and 1942g for A, B, C and D strains, respectively at 49 days of age. The birds in treatments A, B and C gained significantly (P <0.05) more weight than the birds in treatment D. On the contrary, the birds in treatment D (4371g) consumed significantly (P <0.05) less feed than birds in treatments A (4896g), B (4934g) and C (4905g) at 7 weeks of age. The FCR's in order of merit were 2.16(A), 2.17(B), 2.18(C) and 2.25(D) and differences were non-significant. The dressing percentage of birds in treatment A (71.4%) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than treatment C (68.1) and were non significant among the remaining treatments. The mortality in Hubbard strain (A) was significantly (P<0.05) low (4.4%) than Hybro PN, Ross 308 and Arbor Acres-strains. The overall performance of Hubbard strain seems better as the birds gained more body weight, gave better FCR, least mortality and least cost per kg live broiler produced as compared to other strains. The performance of strain D was poor as the birds gained less body weight, showed higher mortality rate, poor feed conversion ratio and incurred more cost to produce per kilogram live broiler as compared to other strains. The evaluation of different imported broiler strains must continue to remain abreast with the genetic improvement of broiler strains.
Influence of racial crossing on testicular structure and spermatogenesis in sheep Santa Inês and crossbred Santa Inês and Dorper

The study aimed at evaluating the testicular structure and spermatogenesis of Santa Inês and Santa Inês and Dorper crossbred sheep. Sixteen testicles of the animals under study were used, in order to evaluate the volumetric proportion, the diameter of the tubules, the height of seminiferous epithelium, the frequency of stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle and the spermatogenic yield. The data were submitted to Student-Newman-Keulstestat 5% significance. The tubular diameter was 173.12 ± 29.09 μm and 185.71 ± 29.7 μm, and the height of the seminiferous epithelium was 52.29 ± 9.98 μm and 56.68 ± 11.25 μm, for the crossbred and the Santa Inês, respectively. There was no difference between the testicular compartments and the frequency of the stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle between the groups. Santa Inês sheep presented a number of 15.36 ± 4.49 spermatocytes in the pre-leptotene/leptotene stage and 27.42 ± 6.65 spermatocytes in the pachytene, whereas the crossbred presented 13.18 ± 5.19 and 23.48 ± 7.80, respectively. The crossbred showed higher meiotic yield (3.98 ± 1.28) and spermatogenesis yield (3.71 ± 1.02). It is concluded there are differences in testicular morphology and spermatogenesis between Santa Inês sheep and crossbred Dorper/Santa Inês, indicating that the crossbreeding between the Santa Inês and Dorper animals allows a gain in the reproductive potential.
The Difference in Job-seeking Stress between Perceived Parents’ Parenting Style and Perfectionism of University Students

The university students have several developmental tasks such as getting an academic goal, getting a job and preparing independence from their parents. But in Korea, those are not easy for university students. Especially, after the economic crisis in 1998, it became harder to find the right job of young people. To be independent of parents economically and psychologically was not easy . So, the purpose of this study is to investigate how university students feel job seeking stress as effects of perfectionism and perceive parenting style to help them effectively preparing as to be employed. The research questions were set up as follow: First, is there a difference in the university students' job-seeking stress according to perceived parenting style? Second, is there a difference in the university students' job-seeking stress according to perfectionism? To gain answers about these questions, a survey targeting the graduate students in Busan, South Korea was made. Five hundred survey questionnaires were distributed, and 423 responses were collected. The data were analyzed by t-test with SPSS 18. Results of this study were as follow. First, the lower-level care group experienced higher job seeking stress, personality stress, family stress and expectation stress than the other. And, the higher level of overprotection group suffered from higher job seeking stress and all of subtypes stress. Second, the higher level of self-oriented perfectionism students experienced more school stress than the lower one. Other-oriented perfectionism students experienced more job seeking stress, personality stress, and academic stress. And social imposed perfectionism group was suffering from all of subtypes stress. Limitations and suggestions for future study were provided.
Is Volatility Good for Growth? Evidence from the G7

We provide empirical support for an analytical DSGE model with nominal wage stickiness where growth is driven by learning-by-doing and money shocks and their variance are allowed to impact on long-run output growth. In our theoretical model the variance of monetary shocks has a negative effect on growth, while output volatility is good for growth as a positive relationship exists. Using a bivariate GARCH-M model we test the empirical conditional mean and variance relationships of nominal money and production growth rates in the G7 countries. We corroborate the theoretical model predictions with evidence from Bonferroni multiple tests across the G7.