Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation on transmission modes and host range of Sugarcane streak mosaic virus in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Indonesia

Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) is a new virus of sugarcane in Indonesia. The virus was first reported in 2005 and since then it has been widely distributed across Java Island. Since SCSMV is a new emerging virus the investigation on virus aetiology including transmission modes and virus host range is required. The results of transmission study revealed that SCSMV was transmitted through cane cuttings and caused latent infection. The virus was mechanically transmitted through cutting knife and unable to be transmitted by sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari. The transmissibility of SCSMV through cane cuttings and cutting tools play important role in virus distribution in the field because sugarcane is propagated vegetatively using cane cuttings and cutting tools is commonly used for seed cane preparation. The host range test showed that SCSMV infected sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), maize (Zea mays), Saccharum officinarum, Saccharum spontaneum, Saccharum robustum, Saccharum sinense, Saccharum barberi and Mischantus. Several weed grasses namely Brachiaria moniliformis, Panicum repens, Paspalum conjugatum, and Rottboelia exaltata were also infected by the virus. Those plants are alternative hosts of the virus and could be the favourable environment for virus survival particularly when the sugarcane plants have been harvested.
Disruption of Type I-IFN Signaling Decreases Autoimmune Development and Kidney Damage, But Not Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Lupus NZB Mice

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder that is accompanied by neuropsychiatric manifestations such as anxiety. Despite undefined etio-pathogenesis for SLE, emerging evidence supports the importance of type I interferon (IFN) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune formation and renal damage both in SLE patients and lupus mice. Linkage mapping identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for elevated plus-maze (EPM) performance on the segment of chromosome 4 in lupus-prone New Zealand black (NZB) mice where the type I IFN-α genes are harbored. To determine possible roles of type I IFNs for anxiety-like behaviors in NZB mice, we evaluated the anxiety profile by EPM test in NZB mice with deficiency of type I-IFN receptor (IFNARKO). Consistent with previous observation, disruption of the type I-IFN signaling resulted in a dramatic attenuation in glomerulonephritis, splenomegaly and plasma anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) in NZB mice. However, blockade of type I-IFN signaling had no effect on performance in the EPM by NZB/IFNARKO mice in comparison to wild type controls. The results support a pathogenic role for type I-IFN in autoimmune development and kidney inflammation. Nonetheless, type I-IFN signaling is not responsible for increased anxiety profile developed in these autoimmune mice.
Dietary and fluid adherence among haemodialysis patients attending public sector hospitals in the Western Cape

Abstract Objective There has been considerable debate about the extent to which social cognitive models of health behaviour apply in developing countries. The purpose of this paper was to determine the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in predicting dietary and fluid adherence among a sample of haemodialysis patients attending public sector hospitals in the Western Cape. Design and methods A sample of 62 historically disadvantaged patients undergoing haemodialysis completed a battery of psychometric instruments measuring attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control regarding dietary and fluid adherence, health literacy, perceived social support, and self-reported dietary and fluid adherence. Interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), predialytic serum potassium levels, and predialytic serum phosphate levels served as biochemical indicators of dietary and fluid adherence. Results Regression analyses indicated that the linear combination of attitudes and perceived behavioural control significantly accounted for 15.5% of the variance in self-reported adherence (a medium-effect size) and 11.4% of the variance in IDWG (a modest-effect size). No significant predictors were identified for predialytic serum potassium and predialytic serum phosphate levels. Interpretation and conclusions The results indicate that, while the TPB may not function in the same manner as it does in Western samples, it may have some nuanced applicability among haemodialysis patients attending public sector hospitals in the Western Cape.
A Binary Logit Estimation of Factors Affecting Adoption of GPS Guidance Systems by Cotton Producers

Binary logit analysis was used to identify the factors influencing adoption of Global Positioning System (GPS) guidance systems by cotton farmers in 11 Mid-south and Southeastern states. Results indicate that adoption was more likely by those who had already adopted other precision-farming practices and had used computers for farm management. In addition, younger and more affluent farmers were more likely to adopt. Farmers with larger farms and with relatively high yields were also more likely to adopt. Education was not a significant factor in a farmer's decision to adopt GPS guidance systems.
The utilisation of high amylose maize starch in animal and human nutrition.

Starch is the main storage carbohydrate in many higher plants. Due to its ready availability, multiple functionality and relatively low cost, starch and starch derivatives have been widely used in food and industrial applications for many years. However in recent times the versatility and importance of starch based materials have been highlighted as research has endeavoured to learn of its impact on our health. Some starches have been identified as being resistant to digestion and they appear to have important physiological effects in the gastrointestinal tract.
The relationship between product quality and purchase intention: The case of Malaysia's national motorcycle/scooter manufacturer

This study aims to determine the level of product quality based on the eight quality dimensions framework and the relationship towards the buyer purchase behaviour. For a good understanding of the study, a case study on Malaysia’s national motorcycle/scooter manufacturer has been used by considering the lack of theoretical studies being conducted on the sales of motorcycle/scooter products. In this study, the result shows the level of customer perceptions has no significant impact on the customer purchase decision. The customers are looking at other elements beyond quality perceptions on their purchase decision and only they themselves understand what they are actually looking for. Buyers may not rely on the perceptions of quality alone in deriving intention to purchase or not to purchase any motorcycle/scooter product. Another possible reason is the introduction of beneficial impact as a mediator between product quality and purchase intention (indirect effect) as suggested by past researches which could increase the importance of perceived quality in the study relationships. Future research should focus on a similar study of product quality and purchase intention to the Yamaha and Honda brand for being the closest competitors to Modenas in the market. It is expected that, from the findings of the study of both brands, it could lead to a clearer picture on the relationship that exist between product quality and buyer purchase behaviour.
Effect of different levels of sunflower meal and multi-enzyme complex on performance, biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of laying hens

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different sunflower meal ( Helianthus annus ; SFM) levels and a multi-enzyme complex (Natuzyme P 50 ) on performance, biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of laying hens. A total of 288 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens (39-wk-old) were divided into six groups with six replicates per group (eight birds per replicate) and fed one of the six experimental diets. A corn-soybean meal-based diet was formulated and used as control diet. The experimental treatments consisted of three levels of SFM (0, 10, and 20%) and two levels of multi-enzyme complex (0 and 250g/ton). The feeding trial lasted 10 weeks. The results showed that the egg production, egg weight and mass, egg specific gravity, shell strength and thickness, Haugh unit, shape index, triglyceride content, plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were not influenced by dietary treatments; however, the feed consumption, yolk cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were significantly affected by feeding SFM compared to the control. In conclusion, the supplementation of SFM up to 20% in diet with multi-enzyme complex in laying hens did not appear to cause any adverse effects on egg production and quality as well on antioxidant status in laying hens. Keywords: Enzymes, laying hen, performance, sunflower meal, yolk cholesterol
Secure Long-Distance Quantum Communication over Optical Fiber Quantum Channels

In today's communication networks, the widespread use of optical fiber and passive optical elements allows to use quantum key distribution (QKD) in the current standard optical network infrastructure. In the past few years, quantum key distribution schemes have attracted much study. The security of modern cryptographic methods, like asymmetric cryptography, relies heavily on the problem of factoring large integers (Rivest et al., 1978), (Schneier, 1996). In the future, if quantum computers become reality, any information exchange using current classical cryptographic schemes will be immediately insecure (Shor, 1994), (Shor, 1997). Current classical cryptographic methods are not able to guarantee longterm security. Other cryptographic methods, with absolute security must be applied in the future.
The patient and the relation between power-knowledge and care by nursing professionalsa

This is a study whose objective was to analyze, in the discourse of hospitalized patients, how the power of knowledge is revealed in Nursing care relations. It was developed in the qualitative perspective, having as theoretical reference the concept of power issued by Michel Foucault. The data were collected between August and December 2015 and the participants were 16 patients hospitalized in the medical and surgical clinics of a university hospital, who had the speech recorded through a semi-structured interview, after approval of the ethics committee under Opinion No. 1189934. In order to analyze the data we used the system of differentiations developed by Foucault. The results showed that the professionals exert power by the highly specialized professional knowledge and that they know what they do, so they send and control the accomplishment of the care, leading the patient to submission. It concludes that the exercise of the power to care must be based on the observance of ethical and bioethical principles.
Ethnicity and Educational Achievement in Compulsory Schooling

This article documents that at the start of school, pupils from most ethnic groups substantially lag behind White British pupils. However, these gaps decline for all groups throughout compulsory schooling. Language is the single most important factor why ethnic minority pupils improve relative to White British pupils. Poverty, in contrast, does not contribute to the catch-up. Our results also suggest the possibility that the greater than average progress of ethnic minority pupils in schools with more poor pupils may partly be related to teacher incentives to concentrate attention on particular pupils, generated by the publication of school league tables.
Implementing IFRS for SMEs: Challenges for Developing Economies

In their efforts to assist accountability for small and medium-sized enterprises globally, the International Accounting Standards Board issued the Exposure Draft: International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium sized Enterprises (IFRS for SMEs) in 2007. Three countries from the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) are amongst the 66 jurisdictions to state they would adopt the IFRS for SMEs. This paper critically examines the forces driving adoption, participation of stakeholders in the processes of development of the IFRS for SMEs, implementation issues and possible dysfunctional consequences for entrepreneurs in developing countries. We question the suitability of the IFRS for SMEs for adoption, particularly by the developing economies within ASEAN. We find the one-size-fits-all-standard for SMEs, with a capital markets orientation, does not accommodate well the differing cultures, ways of doing business, regulatory frameworks, underlying philosophies, or needs of users of financial reports from SMEs. We conclude that adoption without modifications or exemptions would provide few benefits for SMEs in emerging economies; rather it would be burdensome to entrepreneurs and inappropriate for achieving national economic growth targets. Imposition of the IFRS for SMEs may inadvertently result in reduced entrepreneurship activity in response to onerous financial reporting requirements. We suggest that investment in the business infrastructure is a priority. Further, in-depth research should be undertaken, in each jurisdiction before adoption of the IFRS for SMEs, on the challenges that are likely to be faced in implementing the standard. Our paper contributes to the discussion on the adoption and implementation of the internationalization of accounting standards.
Full analysis of feldspar texture and crystal structure by combining X-ray and electron techniques

Abstract Feldspar crystals typically show a range of exsolution and polysynthetic twinning textures that can present problems for their full characterization, but at the same time give important information about their genesis. We present an integrated procedure for the micro-texture analysis, twin law identification plus crystal structure refinement of all components in a feldspar intergrowth. This procedure was applied to perthitic intergrowths in feldspars from two different pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex in the southern part of the Oslo region, Norway. It revealed that the two starting high-temperature (HT) feldspars had similar global chemical compositions but underwent significantly different cooling histories, with cooling times probably differing by over an order of magnitude. Powder X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement was used for a preliminary identification of the mineral components and concluding quantitative phase analysis. Electron microprobe analysis was used to bracket the chemical compositions of the constituents. Electron backscatter diffraction was used to reveal the texture of the samples, twin laws and spatial distribution and crystallographic orientation of the crystal domains. Single-grain X-ray diffraction recorded by an area detector was applied for a simultaneous integration of reflection intensities for all crystallographic domains with different orientations and severe diffraction overlaps. The crystal structures were refined using the program JANA2006 that allows a simultaneous calculation for structurally different components. Combined results of various methods helped improve accuracy and resolve ambiguities that arise from the application of a single technique. The approach is widely applicable to the study of mineral intergrowths and bridges an existing gap in the routinely accessible data on the structural characteristics of rock constituents.
Solarisation Piles and their Impact on the Removal of Pathogenic Microorganisms

The main objective of the research was to demonstrate the increment of temperature and good pathogen control with solarized cow manures. In order to corroborate which of the treatments was the one that produced the highest temperature and eliminated pathogen microorganisms present (fungi-bacteria). The distribution of the treatments in the field was carried out using a randomized design of blocks, with four replications. Temperatures in the different treatments and repetitions of manure piles were sampled. The temperatures were recorded by means of analog thermometers at two different operating depths (0-7.5 and 7.5-15). The temperatures showed a behavior with a greater oscillation with a centre orientation to the right of the pile of manure, placing in these orientations the maximum temperatures and the minimum temperatures were oriented in the lower left part of the pile, but solarisation piles shown very good increment of temperatures with values higher to 60°C so these temperatures are very good to pathogens control. In another way the results shown the presence of Escherichia coli, F. interobacteriaceae, Enterobacter sp. , Bacillus sp. , Mucor sp. and F. saccharomycetaceae, were found in manure without solarizing (control). Also Giardia and Crptosporidium were found in the T additional experimental unit and removal after solarisation process
Effects of sex and stocking density on the performance of broiler chickens in a sub-tropical environment

The current study investigated the effects of sex and stocking density and their interaction on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens in a semi-arid sub-tropical environment. A total of 1008 day-old Cobb Avian48 chicks, namely 462 males and 546 females, were reared at final stocking densities of 30, 35, and 40 kg bodyweight per square metre (BW/m 2 ) corresponding to 44, 51 and 59, and 52, 61 and 69 chicks per pen for males and females, respectively, during a 42-day production period. The experiment was a 2 × 3 factorial completely randomized design, with each sex-stocking density combination being replicated three times. After the initial weighing, the birds were weighed individually [grams (g)] each week until the 42 nd day. At day 42, four birds from each pen were randomly sampled and slaughtered, and carcass characteristics were measured after 48 hours, and expressed as percentages of bodyweight. Growth performance and carcass characteristic parameters were subjected to analysis of variance using the general linear model procedures of Minitab statistical software version 17. Treatment means were compared using Tukey’s test (at α = 0.05). Males gained more weight and were significantly heavier at slaughter age (2649 ± 43.1 g) than females (2270 ± 43.1 g). There was a progressive reduction in feed intake with increasing stocking density, but neither sex nor stocking density influenced feed conversion ratio and mortality rate. Sex significantly affected dressing percentage and carcass parts percentages, namely breast, neck, shank, heart and abdominal fat and thigh, liver and gizzard. On the other hand, stocking density significantly influenced dressing percentage and carcass parts percentages such as breast, thigh, drumstick, neck, shank, liver and gizzard. There was a significant sex x stocking density interaction effect on percentages of thigh and liver. It is therefore suggested that for efficient 42-day production cycles of broilers in the subtropics, Cobb Avian48 males reared at the stocking density of 40 kg BW/m 2 could be considered the best option. Keywords: Carcass characteristics, Cobb Avian48, feed conversion ratio, mortality
Comparing numerical dimensions

The numerical dimension is a numerical measure of the positivity of a pseudo-effective divisor $L$. There are several proposed definitions of the numerical dimension due to Nakayama (2004) and Boucksom et al. (2004). We prove the equality of these notions and give several additional characterizations. We also prove some new properties of the numerical dimension.
Hybridization Between a Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas , and Loggerhead Turtle, Caretta caretta , and the First Record of a Green Turtle in Atlantic Canada

The Green Turtle ( Chelonia mydas ) principally occupies tropical and subtropical waters, although juveniles are known to occur seasonally in temperate coastal waters. Collaboration with commercial fishers in eastern Canada yielded the most northerly records of this species in the northwest Atlantic. Here we report on the first confirmed record of a Green Turtle in eastern Canada and on the occurrence of a rare Green Turtle–Loggerhead Turtle ( Caretta caretta ) hybrid. Hybridization between the Carettini and Chelonini is extraordinary given that these groups have been genetically distinct for 50 million years or more.
Residual stresses with time-independent cyclic plasticity in finite element analysis of welded joints

Due to the intense concentration of heat in a reduced area when Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is used to join mechanical components, the regions near the weld bead are subjected to severe thermal cycles. Firstly, the region close to the weld bead that is heated tends to be in compression and, when it cools, tends to be in tension. According to Pilipenko, the material is exposed to elastic compression and, then, reaching the yield limit, undergoes plastic deformation with the appearance of residual stresses followed by elastic-plastic unloading. This could be considered as a strain-stress cycle. This paper applies plastic-strain-range memorization based on time-independent cyclic plasticity theory for butt joints with single V-groove Finite Element (FE) models that were manufactured by GMAW. The theory combines both the isotropic hardening and the nonlinear kinematic hardening rule (Chaboche model) to reproduce the behavior of cyclic plasticity and thus to obtain the residual stresses in welded joint FE models. As a practical example, the proposed theory is validated by three welded joint specimens that were manufactured with different input parameters of speed, voltage, and current. An agreement between the residual stresses obtained by the FE model proposed and those obtained experimentally by the hole drilling method at different depths demonstrates that the proposed theory could be valid for modelling the residual stresses in welded joints when cyclic plasticity is considered over the range of speed, voltage, and current studied.
POROSITY AND VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLES

We prove that in some classes of optimization problems, like lower semicontinuous functions which are bounded from below, lower semi- continuous or continuous functions which are bounded below by a coercive function and quasi-convex continuous functions with the topology of the uniform convergence, the complement of the set of well-posed problems is �-porous. These results are obtained as realization of a theorem extending a variational principle of Ioffe-Zaslavski.
Electrografting via Diazonium Chemistry: The Key Role of the Aryl Substituent in the Layer Growth Mechanism

A series of diazonium salts bearing different para substituents was used to functionalize glassy carbon (GC) and pyrolyzed photoresist film (PPF) under electrografting conditions in the absence and presence of the radical scavenger diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Depositions were monitored by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and the grafted layers were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). DPPH was used to selectively suppress film growth by radical coupling and thereby to reveal the existence of secondary mechanisms involved in the polymerization. Differences in grafting behaviors between various diazonium ion derivatives can be explained by the influence of the para substituent’s electronic properties on the electrophilic aromatic substitutions of diazonium ions on already grafted aromatic groups.
Do People who Became Blind Early in Life Develop a Better Sense of Smell? A Psychophysical Study

Using a set of psychophysical tests, we compared the olfactory abilities of 8 persons who became blind early in life and 16 sighted persons in a control group who were matched for age, sex, and handedness. The results indicated that those who became blind early in life developed compensatory perceptual mechanisms in the olfactory domain that involve basic sensory processes, such as the detection of odors.