Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderate and severe periodontitis are independent risk factors associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary non-smoking men aged between 45 and 65 years.

AIM To investigate the association between periodontal disease severity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in a cross-sectional study of sedentary men. MATERIALS & METHODS Seventy-two healthy men (45-65 years) who did not join any sport activity and had a preferentially sitting working position were recruited. Periodontal status was recorded and CRF was measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak ) during exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Physical activity was assessed by a validated questionnaire and data were transformed to metabolic equivalent of task scores. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to investigate associations. RESULTS Differences between VO2 peak levels in subjects with no or mild, moderate or severe periodontitis were statistically significant (p = 0.026). Individuals with low VO2 peak values showed high BMI scores, high concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and used more glucocorticoids compared to individuals with high VO2 peak levels. Multivariate regression analysis showed that high age (p = 0.090), high BMI scores (p < 0.001), low levels of physical activity (p = 0.031) and moderate (p = 0.087), respectively, severe periodontitis (p = 0.033) were significantly associated with low VO2 peak levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that moderate and severe periodontitis were independently associated with low levels of CRF in sedentary men aged between 45 and 65 years.
THE SENSITIVITY OF DIAZO TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ENTERIC FEVERS

To ascertain the sensitivity of Diazo (chemical) test in comparison to the Widal (serological) test in the diagnosis of enteric fevers, blood specimens from101 patients suspected of having enteric fevers were collected. 54.5% (55) of the patients were significantly seropositive. Fifteen urine specimens from these 55 seropositive patients were positive for Diazo tests, giving a sensitivity of about 27%. Salmonella typhi was the predominant serotype causing typhoid/paratyphoid fevers, followed by S. paratypi A; S. paratyphi C and S. paratyphi B respectively. Although Diazo test does not appear to be reliable, it could still be useful alongside with Widal agglutination test in endemic rural or urban areas where electricity and facilities are absent or inadequate for routine laboratory investigations. African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology Vol. 9 (3) 2008: pp. 115-118
Elastic relaxations associated with the – transition in LaAlO3: III. Superattenuation of acoustic resonances

Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy has been used to characterize elastic softening and anelastic dissipation processes associated with the transition in single crystal and ceramic samples of LaAlO3. Softening of the cubic structure ahead of the transition point is not accompanied by an increase in dissipation but follows different temperature dependences for the bulk modulus, , and the shear components, and C44, as if the tilting instability contains two slightly different critical temperatures. The transition itself is marked by the complete disappearance of resonance peaks (superattenuation), which then reappear below ∼700 K in spectra from single crystals. Comparisons with low frequency, high stress data from the literature indicate that the dissipation is not due to macroscopic displacement of needle twins. An alternative mechanism, local bowing of twin walls under low dynamic stress, is postulated. Pinning of the walls with respect to this displacement process occurs below ∼350 K. Anelasticity maps, analogous to plastic deformation mechanism maps, are proposed to display dispersion relations and temperature/frequency/stress fields for different twin wall related dissipation mechanisms. These allow comparisons to be made of anelastic loss mechanisms under mechanical stress with elastic behaviour observed by means of Brillouin scattering at high frequencies which might also be related to microstructure.
Risk factors associated with the longevity of multi-rooted teeth. Long-term outcomes after active and supportive periodontal therapy.

AIM To investigate risk factors for the loss of multi-rooted teeth (MRT) in subjects treated for periodontitis and enrolled in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 172 subjects were examined before (T0) and after active periodontal therapy (APT)(T1) and following a mean of 11.5 ± 5.2 (SD) years of SPT (T2). The association of risk factors with loss of MRT was analysed with multilevel logistic regression. The tooth was the unit of analysis. RESULTS Furcation involvement (FI) = 1 before APT was not a risk factor for tooth loss compared with FI = 0 (p = 0.37). Between T0 and T2, MRT with FI = 2 (OR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.68, 5.06, p = 0.0001) and FI = 3 (OR: 6.85, 95% CI: 3.40, 13.83, p < 0.0001) were at a significantly higher risk to be lost compared with those with FI = 0. During SPT, smokers lost significantly more MRT compared with non-smokers (OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.05, 5.35, p = 0.04). Non-smoking and compliant subjects with FI = 0/1 at T1 lost significantly less MRT during SPT compared with non-compliant smokers with FI = 2 (OR: 10.11, 95% CI: 2.91, 35.11, p < 0.0001) and FI = 3 (OR: 17.18, 95% CI: 4.98, 59.28, p < 0.0001) respectively. CONCLUSIONS FI = 1 was not a risk factor for tooth loss compared with FI = 0. FI = 2/3, smoking and lack of compliance with regular SPT represented risk factors for the loss of MRT in subjects treated for periodontitis.
Characteristics of periodontal biotype, its dimensions, associations and prevalence: a systematic review.

AIM The objectives of this review were as follows: What are characteristics used to define various forms of periodontal biotypes? What are their anatomic dimensions in relation to the definition? In addition, what is the association between these various characteristics in relation to the periodontal biotypes? Furthermore, what is the prevalence of various forms of periodontal biotypes in the population? MATERIAL AND METHODS The PubMed-MEDLINE, the Cochrane-CENTRAL and EMBASE databases were searched through up and till June 2013 to identify any appropriate studies regarding the aim. Appropriate studies were those reporting characteristics of various forms of periodontal biotype and its dimensions. These characteristics were gingival thickness (GT), gingival morphotype (GM), tooth dimensions (TD), keratinized tissue (KT) and bone morphotype (BM). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The search yielded 2581 unique papers, after selection resulted in 12 publications that met the eligibility criteria. In general, the available definitions are found to be unclear and sometimes inconsistent. However, based on the available literature, the three biotypes thin scalloped, thick flat and thick scalloped seem a comprehensive categorization in defining periodontal biotypes in the population. The dental, gingival and osseous dimensions have a weak to moderate association. Only between gingival thickness, keratinized tissue and bone morphotype uniform positive associations are found.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIPOPROTEIN (a) AND LIPID PROFILE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS WITH HEMODIALYSIS AND WITHOUT HEMODIALYSIS

AIM: This study was under taken to compare the lipid profile pattern including Lipoprotein (a) or Lp (a) levels , Total cholesterol , Triglycerides, High density lipoprotein , Low density lipoprotein and other biochemical parameters like Bun, Creatinine, Fasting Plasma Glucose and Post prandial Plasma Glucose in Chronic kidney disease patients wtih Hemodialysis and without Hemodialysis. INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with early development of atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality which is the leading cause of death among these patients. Alterations in lipid metabolism resulting in abnormal lipoprotein composition and concentration (dyslipidemia) have been noticed in chronic renal insufficiency. Dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor in the development of a number of disease multitudes ranging from atherosclerosis to stroke. Dyslipidemia may be worsened by dialysis, especially continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Dyslipidemia among HD patients negatively impacts cardiovascular profiles, which in turn influence the frequency and/or duration of hospitalizations. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study was conducted among subjects attending Nephrology Department, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute Chennai, Tamil Nadu as inpatients. The study was conducted over a period of three months. The study includes 40 CKD patients in the age group of 40 to 60 years. They were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of subjects with chronic kidney disease with hemodialysis. Group 2 consisted of subjects with chronic kidney disease without hemodialysis. Each group had 10 males and 10 females. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of biochemical parameters of the two groups was calculated. The biochemical parameters include Bun, Creatinine, Fasting Plasma Glucose, Post prandial Plasma Glucose, Lipoprotein (a), Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, High density lipoprotein and Low density lipoprotein. Data evaluation was done using SPSS programme. The results were expressed as Mean with standard deviation. The P value < 0.05 was considered significant. CONCLUSION: In this study, there is no significant difference in all the biochemical parameters between chronic kidney disease patients with Hemodialysis and without Hemodialysis.
Metronidazole and amoxicillin as adjuncts to scaling and root planing for the treatment of type 2 diabetic subjects with periodontitis: 1-year outcomes of a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

AIM To evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the use of metronidazole (MTZ) + amoxicillin (AMX) as adjuncts to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis (ChP) in type 2 diabetic subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-eight type 2 diabetic subjects (n = 29/group) with generalized ChP were randomly assigned to receive SRP alone or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)]+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Subgingival biofilm samples were analyzed by qPCR for the presence of seven periodontal pathogens. Subjects were monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months post-therapies. RESULTS The group receiving SRP+MTZ+AMX presented greater mean probing depth (PD) reduction and clinical attachment gain, a lower number of sites with PD ≥5 mm (primary outcome variable) and a reduced number of subjects with ≥9 of these residual pockets than the control group at 1-year post-therapy (p < 0.05). The antibiotic-treated group also presented reduced levels and greater decreases of the three red complex species, Eubacterium nodatum and Prevotella intermedia, compared to the control group at 1 year (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX significantly improved the clinical and microbiological outcomes of SRP in the treatment of type 2 diabetic subjects with ChP.
Bone formation in peri-implant defects grafted with microparticles: a pilot animal experimental study.

AIM This study aimed to evaluate the healing of peri-implant defects grafted with microparticles (MPs). MATERIAL AND METHODS Six domestic pigs received nine standardized defects at the calvaria, and an implant was inserted in the middle of each defect. The space between the implant and lateral bone portion was filled with MP pellets (n = 18) or MP supernatant (n = 18) or left unfilled (n = 18). After 14 and 28 days, three animals were sacrificed and specimens removed for further processing. Samples were microradiographically and histologically analysed. In addition, we immunohistochemically stained for anti-vWF as a marker of angiogenesis. RESULTS In the case of bone regeneration and vessel formation, the null hypothesis can be partially rejected. After 14 and 28 days, no significant difference was observed within groups regarding de novo bone formation, bone density and osseointegration. However, superior vessel formation was found at both time points. CONCLUSION Microparticles represent a promising treatment option to accelerate peri-implant vessel formation. Further studies are needed to investigate the regenerative properties of MPs more precisely.
Efficacy of adjunctive anti-plaque chemical agents in managing gingivitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIM The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of anti-plaque chemical formulations for managing gingivitis, in 6-month, home-use, randomised clinical trials (RCTs). MATERIAL AND METHODS A protocol was designed, including inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify RCTs assessing gingival and/or bleeding indices. Electronic and hand-searches identified relevant papers, which were screened and evaluated for inclusion. Full-papers were retrieved and relevant information was extracted (also plaque indices), including quality and risk of bias. Mean treatment effects were calculated to obtain weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS After the process of screening and selection, 87 articles with 133 comparisons, were included in the review. The additional effects of the tested products were statistically significant in terms of Löe & Silness gingival index (46 comparisons, WMD -0.217), modified gingival index (n = 23, -0.415), gingivitis severity index (n = 26, -14.939%) or bleeding index (n = 23, -7.626%), with significant heterogeneity. For plaque, additional effects were found for Turesky (66 studies, WMD -0.475), Silness & Löe (n = 26, -0.109), and plaque severity (n = 12, -23.4%) indices, with significant heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the present study, formulations with specific agents for chemical plaque control provide statistically significant improvements in terms of gingival, bleeding and plaque indices.
Effect of professional mechanical plaque removal performed on a long-term, routine basis in the secondary prevention of periodontitis: a systematic review.

AIMS To systematically review the evidence evaluating the efficacy of long-term, routine, professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) in the prevention of periodontitis progression. METHODS A literature search was conducted to identify prospective studies evaluating the effect of PMPR in periodontitis patients undergoing active periodontal therapy and enrolled in a maintenance programme including PMPR for at least 3 years. RESULTS No RCTs evaluating the efficacy of the intervention when compared with no treatment during maintenance were found. Nineteen prospective studies assessing the effect of PMPR as part of the supportive therapy were included. In general, studies reported no to low incidence of tooth loss during follow-up. The weighted mean yearly rate of tooth loss was 0.15 ± 0.14 and 0.09 ± 0.08 for follow-up of 5 years or 12-14 years, respectively, with no significant differences between groups. Mean clinical attachment loss was <1 mm at follow-up ranging from 5 to 12 years. CONCLUSIONS Supportive therapy, which encompasses PMPR, may limit the incidence and yearly rate of tooth loss as well as the loss in clinical attachment in patients treated for periodontitis. However, whether and to what extent the intervention may impact on long-term periodontal parameters still needs to be assessed.
The Use of Dehydrated Human Amnion/Chorion Membranes in the Treatment of Burns and Complex Wounds: Current and Future Applications

Abstract Historically, biologic materials found in nature have been used for a wide variety of medicinal purposes, although their widespread use may be limited due to challenges in obtaining and properly preparing the material for safe clinical use. Amniotic membrane has long been recognized to possess unique properties favorable for healing. Dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allografts are commercially available for use in multiple sizes and configurations applicable for a variety of clinical settings and presentations. The purpose of this article is to review the therapeutic properties of amniotic membrane.
Randomized controlled multicenter study comparing short dental implants (6 mm) versus longer dental implants (11-15 mm) in combination with sinus floor elevation procedures. Part 2: clinical and radiographic outcomes at 1 year of loading.

AIM To compare, clinically and radiographically, short dental implants (6 mm) to long implants (11-15 mm) placed with sinus grafting. METHODS Participants with 5-7 mm of bone height in the posterior maxilla were randomly allocated to receive short implants (GS) or long implants with sinus grafting (GG). Implants were loaded with single crowns 6 months after placement (PR). Patients were re-evaluated 12 months after loading (FU-1). Outcome variables included: Implant survival rate (CSR), marginal bone level alteration (MBL), periodontal probing depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), plaque control record (PCR) and crown-to-implant ratios (C/I). Statistical analysis was performed using parametric tests. RESULTS In 97 subjects, 132 implants were re-evaluated at FU-1. The CSR was 100%. The MBL from implant placement (IP) to (PR) was -0.22 ± 0.4 mm for GG and -0.3 ± 0.45 mm for GS (p < 0.001). MBL from IP to FU-1 was -0.37 ± 0.59 mm for GG and -0.22 ± 0.3 mm for GS (p < 0.001). Intergroup comparisons showed non-significant differences for MBL (p > 0.05), PPD (p = 1) and PCR (p = 0.09). BoP was higher in the GS (p = 0.04). The C/I was 0.99 ± 0.17 for GG and 1.86 ± 0.23 for GS (p < 0.001). No correlation was observed between C/I and MBL, (GG: p = 0.13; GS: p = 0.38). CONCLUSIONS Both treatment modalities provided similar outcomes.
Relationship between periodontitis-associated subgingival microbiota and clinical inflammation by 16S pyrosequencing.

AIM To analyse the relationship between the chronic periodontitis-associated subgingival microbiota and clinical inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis participated in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their bleeding on probing (BOP) scores: BOP-1 group (mean scores ≤50% in sampled sites) and BOP-2 group (mean scores >50%). Subgingival bacterial samples from periodontal patients were studied by pyrosequencing PCR products of the 16S rRNA gene and by real-time PCR. RESULTS In all the analysed subgingival samples, 102 bacterial genera and 203 species (from 41 genera of interest) were identified. Rarefaction curves showed a greater number of bacterial species in samples from BOP-2 group compared to BOP-1 group. The BOP-1 group had significantly higher abundance percentages of Anaeroglobus (especifically, A. geminatus), Capnocytophaga (especifically C. gingivalis), TM7 and Veillonella. The BOP-2 had significantly higher abundance percentages of Desulfobulbus (especially D. propionicus), Eubacterium (especially E. saphenum), Filifactor alocis, Streptococcus constellatus, Tannerella (especially, T. forsythia) and Treponema. CONCLUSION 16S pyrosequencing revealed that increased inflammation, at sites with periodontitis, is associated with a more diverse subgingival microbiota and specific changes in the bacterial composition, involving "established" periopathogens, symbionts and novel low-abundance pathobionts.
Recurrence Risk of Febrile Seizures in Children

Introduction: Febrile seizure is a common paediatric problem. Identifying children with febrile seizure who are at risk for recurrence is important so that special attention can be given to them. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors for recurrence of febrile seizures in children. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study done at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. This study is a continuation of a previous study which looked at the leucocytosis in peripheral blood of children with febrile seizure. A detailed history including the risk factors for febrile seizure recurrence was obtained from the caregiver during follow up on subsequent days after discharge of children from the hospital who were previously admitted for febrile seizure. All children with febrile seizure belonging to age group of 6 months to 6 years were included in the study. Those with afebrile seizures or on anticonvulsants and those who refused to give consent were excluded. Each child was also examined and investigated for the cause of fever. Results: A total of 115 children with febrile seizure admitted for febrile seizure during the study period and all of them were followed up at outpatient department. Males accounted 62% and females 38%. Simple Febrile Seizures were seen in 80% of the cases and complex febrile seizures were seen in 20%. Out of all the cases 68(59%) had symptoms of viral prodrome. 59(51%) had recurrent febrile seizure. Low temperature at onset of Febrile Seizure ( p =0.001), short duration of fever before onset of Febrile Seizure (0.026) and atypical Febrile Seizure ( p =0.022) were the risk factors for recurrent febrile seizure. Conclusion: Febrile Seizure is a common paediatric problem commonly seen in males. Almost half of children with Febrile Seizure are at risk for recurrence in later date. The risk factors for these recurrences are modest rise in body temperature at the onset of febrile seizure, onset of seizure within 12 hours of fever and atypical presentation. Key words: Epilepsy; Febrile Seizure; Typical Febrile Seizure; Recurrence DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jnps.v32i1. 5947 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.32(1) 2012 33-36
Evaluation of a Cuff Tear Arthropathy Hemiprosthesis for the Treatment of Glenohumeral Arthritis in the Presence of a Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear

Hypothesis Shoulders with chronic cuff deficiency and associated arthritis treated by hemiarthroplasty with tuberosity coverage maintain the active elevation that they had before surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the functional and radiographic outcomes. Materials and Methods Thirty-one shoulders with rotator cuff deficiency and associated arthritis, but no prior surgery, which were treated by one surgeon with an uncemented hemiarthroplasty with tuberosity coverage, were evaluated with radiographs, the Simple Shoulder Test and a Constant score at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively. Results Twenty-four of 31 shoulders were evaluated at a mean of 30 months postoperatively. None were classified as Seebauer IIB shoulders. Mean active forward elevation improved from 112° (20 to 160) to 127° (45 to 170). The mean postoperative Simple Shoulder Test score was 9 and the mean postoperative Constant score was 65. Shoulders maintained the pre-operative active elevation. Discussion Shoulder hemiarthroplasty with tuberosity coverage may be a reasonable treatment option in those without prior surgery, coracoacromial arch integrity, and an active lifestyle and/or young age. Active elevation following hemiarthroplasty with tuberosity coverage for rotator cuff deficiency and associated arthritis without escape depends upon pre-operative active elevation.