Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyperbilirubinemia and requirements to the determination of the concentration of bilirubin

The major part (80 %) of bilirubin is produced by the degradation of the heme group of hemoglobin. The rest is derived from erythrocyte precursors or from the degradation of other heme-containing proteins. Hemoglobin is released from the erythrocytes and metabolized into bilirubin. Bilirubin is then transported to the liver by albumin. In the liver it is conjugated with glucoronic acid to form conjugated bilirubin which is then excreted via the bile ducts into the intestines and finally excreted with the feces.
Effect of Strategic Orientation on Organizational Performance: A Case Study: Sonarwa General Insurance Company Ltd

: Companies have long known that, to be competitive, they must develop a good strategy and then appropriately realign structure, systems, leadership behavior, human resource policies, culture, values and management processes. Doing insurance business in Rwanda is increasingly becoming a challenge to both established and newly establishing insurance organization. This is compounded by the fact that Rwanda is a small country by geographical size and population with a rising number of insurance firms. Further, the country is struggling out of serious political turmoil but with a desire to get the country back to shape as demonstrated by the strategies laid down by the Rwandan Government. Multiple evidences from the strategic orientation literature indicate that theoretical development on the adoption of multiple strategic orientations has failed to catch up with contemporary organizational practices. Although many studies in the Management literature incorporated strategic orientation, the effect on organizational performance and the relationship between strategic orientations remains unclear. Some found positive connections between orientations and organizational performance. However, the majority of the studies only researched the direct relation between a specific orientation and performance discarding moderating and mediating variables that potentially affect the relation between orientation and performance. To address the aforementioned knowledge gaps on strategic orientations and organizational performance, this study investigated the strategic orientations such as innovativeness, risk taking, customer and market orientations. The case study was SONARWA General Insurance Company ltd. The target population was SONARWA’s staff and sample size was 80 potential respondents. The descriptive research approach was adopted, where the semi-administered questionnaire was applied. Data collected from the field was cleaned, sorted, coded, tabulated and statistically analyzed by using SPSS. In data analysis, the One-sample T test was used to compare the means with hypothesized mean. The results obtained concluded that innovativeness, risk-taking, customer and market orientation had a significant effect on organizational performance. Thus, having new ideas, new solution-products and service and new behaviors under innovativeness had positive effect on organizational performance. Under risk taking, large risky new investments, initial investment and uncertain projects (unknown returns) had a significance on organizational performance. In customer orientation, the elements like Understanding/perception, satisfaction and customer loyalty had significant effect on business performance. In market orientation, competitive advantage pricing and promotions had an influence on organizational performance. Finally, the recommendations have been given, and the areas for further researches had been identified.
Ferromagnetic critical behavior and critical universality in itinerant-electron

In the Ph.D thesis, I report the static and dynamic properties of ferromagnetic (FM) critical phenomena observed in itinerant-electron metamagnet UCoAl. Itinerant-electron FM compounds have attracted much interest since novel phenomena, such as the coexistence of the FM state and the superconductivity in UGe2, were reported. Interestingly, these FM compounds are expected to follow an universal 3D (temperature magnetic field pressure) phase diagram characterized by the presence of a tricritical point (TCP), where a FM transition changes from second-order to first-order, and a critical endpoint (CEP), where a first-order field-induced FM transition [metamagnetic (MM) transition] changes from first-order to crossover. However, critical behaviors around these critical points have not been well studied due to a lack of suitable compounds. We focused on an itinerant-electron metamagnet UCoAl as a suitable example to clarify static and dynamic magnetic properties around these critical points since it shows the MM behaviors at low magnetic fields. We have performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements at Al and Co nuclear sites in UCoAl, and estimated c-axis magnetization (Mc) (order parameter) from Knight shift (K) measurements, and c-axis magnetic fluctuations (Sc) from nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1) and nuclear spin-spin relaxation rate (1/T2) measurements. These measurements were performed under the precise control of tuning parameters: temperature (T ), magnetic field along the c-axis (H∥c), uniaxial pressure along the b-axis (P∥b) and the c-axis (P∥c), and substituted Fe concentration (x). At ambient pressure, we observed the Ising-type anisotropy along the caxis in both magnetization (Mc ≫ Ma) and magnetic fluctuations (Sc ≫ Sa). The longitudinal magnetic fluctuations well scale with the bulk magnetic susceptibility [Sc ∝ χc], indicating that 3D-FM fluctuations are dominated in UCoAl. Furthermore, Sc exhibits a broad maximum at Tmax ∼ 20 K even in H∥c = 0, which is a characteristic feature in itinerant metamagnets. At low temperatures, with increasing H∥c, the coexistence of the paramagnetic (PM)
Education Policy and Intergenerational Transfers in Equilibrium

This paper compares partial and general equilibrium effects of alternative financial aid policies intended to promote college participation. We build an overlapping generations life-cycle, heterogeneous-agent, incomplete-markets model with education, labor supply, and consumption/saving decisions. Altruistic parents make inter vivos transfers to their children. Labor supply during college, government grants and loans, as well as private loans, complement parental transfers as sources of funding for college education. We find that the current financial aid system in the U.S. improves welfare, and removing it would reduce GDP by two percentage points in the long-run. Any further relaxation of government-sponsored loan limits would have no salient effects. The short-run partial equilibrium effects of expanding tuition grants (especially their need-based component) are sizeable. However, long-run general equilibrium effects are 3-4 times smaller. Every additional dollar of government grants crowds out 20-30 cents of parental transfers.
1 Decision Tree-based Boolean Query Generation

In professional search environments, such as patent search or legal search, search tasks have unique characteristics: 1) users interactively issue several queries for a topic, and 2) users are willing to examine many retrieval results, i.e., there is typically an emphasis on recall. Recent surveys have also verified that professional searchers continue to have a strong preference for Boolean queries because they provide a record of what documents were searched. To support this type of professional search, we propose a novel Boolean query suggestion technique. Specifically, we generate Boolean queries by exploiting decision trees learned from pseudo-labeled documents and rank the suggested queries using query quality predictors. We evaluate our algorithm in simulated patent and medical search environments. Compared with a recent effective query generation system, we demonstrate that our technique is effective and general.
ANALISIS PERSONAL HYGIENE MASYARAKAT SEKITAR LOKASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI TEMPAT PEMROSESAN AKHIR (TPA) KOTA MUARA ENIM

Background : The understanding about personal hygiene is very important for preventing the disease from the garbage, especially for the one at TPA. The community living surrounding the TPA has guite high risk of developing the disease caused by garbage because their hygiene behaviour is not good. Method : This was a descriptive research by using the qualitative approach. The methods of collecting data were done by intensive interview, FGD and observation. The source persons of this research are ten people. Result : Based on the research result of the personal hygiene of the community living around the garbage disposal location in the garbage last processing location in muara enim, generally the efforts to create good public personal hygiene have been done but there are some matters that should be cared of : the personal cleanliness of the children, which has less attention to wards bither their bodies or clothes; the individuals different habits in keeping their personal hygiene; social and economic status and the low knowledge on personal hygiene. Conclusion : Pertaining to this research, it is suggested that the parties of UPTD and health department should re-evaluate the methods already applied in performing the elucidation and cooperate with the other parties in order to plan the most suitable method for performing the elucidation again for the community so that the community can change their hygiene behaviour in the better way. Keywords : Personal hygiene, Community, Garbage Last Processing Location (TPA)
Do Lawyers Matter in Initial Public Offerings?

We find that law firm fixed effects contribute more to the explained variation in IPO underpricing than underwriter fixed effects. This result is robust to controls for issuer and deal characteristics, as well as time and industry fixed effects. We confirm the persistence in underpricing for legal advisers and propose a link between issuers’ law firms and post-IPO litigation risk. Legal adviser fixed effects provide significant explanatory power in models of post-IPO litigation outcomes, and law firm reputation is a significant determinant of underpricing. However, the explanatory power of reputation is small relative to the law firm fixed effect. The remaining unexplained variation likely results from issuers selecting legal advisers based on the issuer’s unique risk profile and law firm’s expertise.
Public Sector Unions and Contracting Out : Evidence from the Elderly Care Sector in Danish Municipalities

Privatization varies considerably among local governments. One of the often listed explanations are the ability of public employees to block privatization. However, many studies on the influence of public employees on privatization do not use very precise measures of public employees' influence, have been unable to isolate a one-way effect and have not been attentive to whether the effect varies for different market forms. In this article, we focus on privatization through a voucher market for elderly care services in Denmark. Using new data for all 98 Danish municipalities in 2012, we are able to measure the strength of the public elderly care union as well as the relative number of the public elderly care workers. We find that the increased union strength measured as union density at the municipal level leads to substantially and significantly less privatization through the voucher market. By comparison, the estimated relationship between the relative number of public workers and privatization does not reach statistical significance, although the association is negative as expected. Features of the voucher market and qualitative evidence suggest that the union influence first and foremost goes through a direct user channel, while a minor effect possible runs through a political channel.
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Incorporating Dairy Foods into Low and High Fat Diets Increases the Postprandial Cholecystokinin Response in Men and Women 1

The postprandial period is a dynamic state of hormone and lipoprotein metabolism that can be influenced by dietary composition. The objective of this study was to determine whether the source of dietary fat [dairy (D) vs. nondairy (ND)] would modify the lipemic, insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK) response to high or low fat meals. Men and women (n 24) consumed 4 test meals with a similar polyunsaturated:saturated (P:S; 0.12:1) fat ratio. The diets were high (38% energy) or low (20% energy) in fat, with or without fat from dairy sources. CCK responses were greater after consumption of meals containing D than ND, and for high compared with low fat meals. Women had higher CCK responses than men and were more sensitive to the differences in dietary treatments. Consumption of low fat meals resulted in greater insulin responses than high fat meals. However, after consumption of the low fat meals, the insulin response of D was about half of the ND response; no differences in insulin response were detected after the high fat meals. Triacylglyceride response was influenced primarily by the fat content of the diet. Consumption of dairy products containing fat was associated with an enhanced CCK response, which may have implications for the regulation of food intake. Blunting glucose and insulin response in low fat meals containing fat from dairy products may be useful for glycemic control. J. Nutr. 133: 4124–4128, 2003.
SOCIOEMOTIONAL SKILLS, EDUCATION, AND HEALTH-RELATED OUTCOMES OF HIGH-ABILITY INDIVIDUALS

A B S T R A CT We use the high-IQ Terman sample to estimate relationships between education, socioemotional skills, and health-related outcomes that include health behaviors, lifestyles, and health measures across the life cycle. By both focusing on a high-IQ sample and controlling for IQ in regression models, we mitigate ability bias due to cognitive skill. In addition, we control for detailed personality measures to account for socioemotional skills. We model skills using factor analysis to address measurement error and adopt a powerful stepdown procedure to account for multiple hypothesis testing. We find that among high-IQ subjects, education is linked to better health-related outcomes, in contrast to previous evidence. Conscientiousness, Openness, Extraversion, and Neuroticism are linked to various health-related outcomes across the lifecycle. Furthermore, we find that accounting for a comprehensive set of skills, measurement error, and multiple hypothesis testing not only provides greater confidence in several established relationships but also generates novel results.
Proposed Method to Control the Hybrid Active DC Filter in HVDC System

This paper focuses on the end-point control of a single flexible link which rotates in the horizontal plane. The dynamic model is derived using a Lagrangian assumed modes method based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Initially the system is modeled as a voltage-input model, and different controllers were applied to control the system. A fuzzy control strategy is described which is utilized to control the angular displacement and the tip deflection at end point in a single flexible-link robotic arm. The proposed adaptive network based fuzzy logic control (ANFIS) strategy is described for the control of a single flexible link manipulator. The developed controller has two subsystems. The fast-subsystem reduces the vibration of the flexible link manipulator end point, and the other slow-subsystem controller controls the desired position. In the voltage-input model of a single flexible-link manipulator, amplitude of vibrations has been reduced and desired position was achieved. In the torque-input model, control of the vibration and position of a single flexible link manipulator end point are realized successfully, while the endeffect or traces desired position signal. This controller gives the better performance compared to the normal Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID), and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controllers and analysed.
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of HER 2-targeted rhuMAb 2 C 4 ( Pertuzumab , RO 4368451 ) in Japanese Patients with Solid Tumors

Objective: rhuMAb 2C4 (pertuzumab, RO4368451), a human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) targeted antibody that binds to an epitope distinct from trastuzumab, blocks ligand-associated heterodimerization of HER2 with other HER receptor family members. This study evaluated the toxicity, pharmacokinetics and anti-tumor activities of pertuzumab in Japanese patients with solid tumors. Methods: Patients with solid tumors refractory to standard therapy were administered pertuzumab 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks. Grade 3 toxicities were considered as dose limiting. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was a dose at which two out of six patients had Grade 3 toxicities. Results: Eighteen patients, aged 38–66 (median 57) years, with solid tumors were enrolled and a total of 32 cycles of pertuzumab were administered. Toxicities were generally acceptable. Grade 3 elevation of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was observed in one patient at 25 mg/kg and was considered to be dose limiting. MTD was not reached up to a dose level of 25 mg/kg. The serum concentration of pertuzumab declined slowly (terminal half-life is approximately 3 weeks). The AUC proportionally increased over the dose range tested. There was limited evidence of activity (stable disease 2; progressive disease 13; and not evaluable 3); however, tumor shrinkage and tumor marker decrease were observed in an ovarian cancer and a non-small-cell lung cancer patient, respectively. Conclusions: Pertuzumab is well tolerated up to 25 mg/kg. Although objective tumor response was not observed, it is worth evaluating as a flat dose and in combination with other cytotoxics and molecular-targeted agents.
Independent evidence-based thinking about health care Bandolier May 2007 Bandolier Extra Extra ORAL MODIFIED RELEASE MORPHINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE PAIN : A UK PERSPECTIVE

Objective: To describe the oral modifi ed release morphine products available in the UK and to identify all the randomised controlled trials associated with these products to determine effectiveness and adverse ef fects Data sources: A comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Embase was undertaken. Some infor mation was obtained from manufactures of modifi ed morphine products Results: Products from four pharmaceutical companies are described together with a review of the literature covering 54 RCTs (3749 participants) These demonstrate the effectiveness of modifi ed release morphine products when compared to instant release morphine and also demonstrate that modifi ed release prod ucts are equivalent to one another. Daily doses in studies ranged from 25mg to 2000mg with an average of between 10 mg and 250 mg. Dose titration can be undertaken with both instant release or modifi ed release products. Approximately 4% of patients are unable to tolerate the adverse effects of morphine. Conclusions: Oral modifi ed release morphine products are effective analgesics for both malignant and non-malignant pain for the majority of patients.
Symposium : Advances in Retinoid Research : Mechanisms of Cancer Chemoprevention Retinoid Production and Catabolism : Role of Diet in Regulating Retinol Esterification and Retinoic Acid Oxidation 1 , 2

Retinoic acid (RA), a transcriptionally active metabolite of vitamin A (retinol), activates two families of nuclear retinoid receptors that have the potential to regulate the expression of a large number of genes. Although it may be presumed that the concentration of RA is closely regulated, the mechanisms underlying such regulation are not well understood. Our research has examined the expression and function of two enzymes, lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and a cytochrome P450, CYP26, in the liver and lung of rats and mice, over a wide range of vitamin A status or after treatment of vitamin A–deficient animals with exogenous RA. LRAT expression at both the mRNA and protein activity levels and CYP26 mRNA are regulated by dietary vitamin A in a steady-state model and are acutely regulated by RA in an acute repletion model. In the liver, the level of expression of LRAT and CYP26 is as follows: vitamin A deficient vitamin A marginal vitamin A adequate vitamin A supplemented RA treated. The regulation of LRAT shows strong tissue specificity (highly regulated in liver and lung but not in small intestine), whereas CYP26 is strongly regulated in the liver, lung, testis and intestine. RA may function as a signal of the body’s vitamin A adequacy. The regulated expression of LRAT, CYP26 and other genes by RA may provide a sensitive response mechanism that overall serves to adjust the metabolism of vitamin A to maintain retinoid homeostasis and prevent retinoid excess. J. Nutr. 133: 291S–296S, 2003.
C L ] 3 O ct 2 01 8 Neural Segmental Hypergraphs for Overlapping Mention Recognition

In this work, we propose a novel segmental hypergraph representation to model overlapping entity mentions that are prevalent in many practical datasets. We show that our model built on top of such a new representation is able to capture features and interactions that cannot be captured by previous models while maintaining a low time complexity for inference. We also present a theoretical analysis to formally assess how our representation is better than alternative representations reported in the literature in terms of representational power. Coupled with neural networks for feature learning, our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance in three benchmark datasets annotated with overlapping mentions.
RAL-TR-2007-007 Adaptive cubic overestimation methods for unconstrained optimization

An Adaptive Cubic Overestimation (ACO) algorithm for unconstrained optimization, generalizing a method due to Nesterov & Polyak (Math. Programming 108, 2006, pp 177-205), is proposed. At each iteration of Nesterov & Polyak’s approach, the global minimizer of a local cubic overestimator of the objective function is determined, and this ensures a significant improvement in the objective so long as the Hessian of the objective is Lipschitz continuous and its Lipschitz constant is available. The twin requirements of global model optimality and the availability of Lipschitz constants somewhat limit the applicability of such an approach, particularly for large-scale problems. However the promised powerful worst-case theoretical guarantees prompt us to investigate variants in which estimates of the required Lipschitz constant are refined and in which computationally-viable approximations to the global modelminimizer are sought. We show that the excellent global and local convergence properties and worst-case iteration complexity bounds obtained by Nesterov & Polyak are retained, and sometimes extended to a wider class of problems, by our ACO approach. Numerical experiments with small-scale test problems from the CUTEr set show superior performance of the ACO algorithm when compared to a trust-region implementation. 1 School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, Scotland, EU. Email: coralia.cartis@ed.ac.uk . 2 Computational Science and Engineering Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, England, EU. Email: n.i. m.gould@rl.ac.uk . Current reports available from “http://www.numerical. rl.ac.uk/reports/reports.shtml”. 3 This work was supported by the EPSRC grant GR/S42170. 4 Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Numerical Analysis Group, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QD, England, EU. Email: nick.gould@comlab.ox.ac.uk . Current reports available from “http://web.comlab.ox.ac.uk/oucl/publications/natr/index.html”. 5 Department of Mathematics, Facultés Universitaires ND de la Paix, 61, rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium, EU. Email : philippe.toint@fundp.ac.be . Current reports available from “http://www.fundp.ac.be/∼phtoint/pht/publications.html”. Computational Science and Engineering Department Atlas Centre Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Oxfordshire OX11 0QX October 1, 2007