Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexually dimorphic characters of Elephas ( Palaeoloxodon ) antiquus from Grotte Santo

To test the sexual dimorphic characters, two almost complete skeletons of E. antiquus of late Middle Pleistocene age, which were found in the lacustrine deposit of Grotte Santo Stefano near Viterbo (Central Italy), were examined. Besides dimorphic characters shown in skull, tusks and pelvic morphology, there is some information about the differences between male and female of E. (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus in the molar, atlas, epistropheus, carpal and metacarpal bone morphology, and in the biometry. The characters studied seem to indicate that specimens ‘A’ and ‘B’ may be considered as female and male individuals, respectively. For the moment however, the differences found between the two specimens cannot be considered conclusive.
Efficacy of argatroban in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of argatroban for acute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 80 patients with acute cerebral sclerosis were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n=40) and the argatroban group (n=40). Patients of the control group received routine treatment combined with aspirin, and patients of the argatroban group received routine treatment combined with argatroban treatment. The clinical efficacy, neurological function (National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS)) score, daily life ability (Barthel) score, cerebral blood supply, and adverse reactions were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results: The clinical efficacy of the argatroban group was significantly higher than that of the control group (87.5% vs. 67.5%, χ2=4.588, P=0.032). After treatment, the neurological function of the two groups was both improved significantly, and the neurological function of the argatroban group was significantly better than that of the control group (NIHSS score: 5.10±2.09 vs. 8.12±2.31, t=3.811, P=0.033). The ability of daily life in both groups was significantly improved after treatment, and the recovery of the ability of daily life in the argatroban group was significantly better than that of the control group (Barthel index score: 79.31±6.60 vs. 63.30±5.18, t=5.391, P=0.039). After treatment, the blood supply of the argatroban group was significantly better than that of the control group (peak flow rate: 81.66±6.09 vs. 65.92±4.96, t=6.290, P=0.016; average flow rate: 46.80±3.08 vs. 38.61±3.09, t=5.390, P=0.015). During treatment, no serious adverse reactions were found in the two groups. Conclusion: Agartroban is safe and effective in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, which can promote the recovery of neurological function and the ability of daily life, and improve cerebral hemodynamics.
Evidence-Based Practice Awareness And Knowledge Levels among Health Care Practitioners in Saudi Tertiary Hospitals

Estimating the awareness levels of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among health care providers is currently active area of research. This study main objective is to evaluate the medical staff awareness about Evidence-Based Practice and its constitutes , tools and resources at Saudi General Tertiary Hospitals. The study was carried out at King Saud Medical City (KSMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The research main data were collected predominantly using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire. The research results showed that showed that majority of participants have a good understanding of the term EBP (59.7%) ,while having a vague idea (34.7%) and with No idea are only (5.6%). Although of a high percentage of the participants realize the concept of EBP , levels of knowledge about various EBP tools vary considerably The less known EBP tools were for: Confidence interval (34.2%) , and Pvalue tool , Odd ratio ,and Heterogeneity (31.9) followed by Absolute Risk (29.8 %) and Sensitivity tool (27.7%). Among the most known EBP tools with “Good Understanding” level were for: Meta Analysis (27.7%) followed by Systematic review and Publication Bias both at 25.3%) level . The Chi-Square tests for the correlation of specialty rank and awareness of EBP indicates that there is no statistically significant association between Profession specialty rank or gender with EBP awareness or its tool knowledge levels . Main results from this research showed that Evidence-Based Practice awareness at King Saud medical city hospitals is at acceptable level. Furthermore, more intensive education and training and enhancement of EBP resources IT medical education resources are needed to increase its knowledge and understanding , and to support the diffusion of Evidence-Based Practice in daily practice. Keywords-Evidence based practice in clinical practice, Evidence based medicine & Dentistry; Saudi health System. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 26-12-2018 Date of acceptance: 11-01-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Evaluating the Efficacy of Programs for Veteran Students

Veteran students are increasingly prominent in U.S. colleges and universities. The transition from military to civilian life is already challenging, and the transition to the academic realm can be even more so, especially when most veteran students are also first-generation college students, transfer students from community colleges to 4-year universities, or both. The specific problem is that the transition from military to student life requires significant adjustment on the part of both veterans and schools, and it was not known how these students’ school leaders could best help these veteran students adjust. The purpose for conducting this quantitative, historical, non-experimental correlational study is to determine whether targeted programs for veteran students are helpful to show how best to allocate resources for their education. The theoretical framework guiding this study is stress processing theory. The existing literature had not yet explored how effective school programs for veteran students are in helping these students. Therefore, the current study furthered the understanding of stress processing theory and might show academic and practical insights into how resources and funding allocation influenced veteran students. Specifically, I investigated the relationships between school funding, VA benefit funding, academic success, and graduation rates. The findings of the study showed no relationship between VA funding, school funding, and veteran graduation rates. The findings warrant future research on how VA funding and school funding are being used and the types of student veteran programs that are effective in increasing veteran graduation rates and academic performances. ©2019 by Jonathan Lopez All Rights Reserved Table of
How Effective Are Monetary Incentives For Turnout ? Voters ’ Multidimensional Response to a Nationwide Policy

We study voters’ response to the provision of different-sized monetary incentives for turnout by the government of Peru, leveraging exogenous variation in the value of the abstention fine from a nationwide reform that affected districts differentially. Using multiple empirical strategies and administrative electoral data, we document a sophisticated voter response along several margins, including turnout and registration, settlement of outstanding fines and information acquisition. We find a positive marginal effect of monetary incentives on turnout, but also unintended effects on voter registration resulting from geographic targeting. We further show that the abstention fine explains a large share of the aggregate effect of compulsory voting on turnout. We document heterogeneous effects across elections and adaptation over time, illustrating the limitations of localized field experiments in political economy. Our estimate of the impact of marginal pecuniary incentives on turnout provides a useful benchmark to assess the cost-effectiveness of voter mobilization campaigns.
Life and crisis : sexual harassment among Chinese college students

Objective: We take college students as samples to learn sexual harassment and observe its influence on health and education in China through a modified questionnaire. Methods: Data were collected from an online survey on www.sojump. com. The prevalence was accessed by a modified tool called Sexual Experience Questionnaire-China (SEQ-China). The structure validity of SEQ-China was tested through confirmatory factor analysis with LISREL 8.80. Results: While 72.8% of 2,080 respondents experienced at least one situation of harassment listed in SEQ-China, 29.7% reported having been sexually harassed. The impacts of sexual harassment on emotion and education were remarkable (all P<0.05). Men suffered even more (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Chinese college students with inadequate cognition are confronting the crisis of sexual harassment. Modifying the law and giving protection are necessary.
Estimating Vertical Motion Profile Top-heaviness : Reanalysis compared to 1 Satellite-based Observations , Stratiform rain fraction 2

A method for representing geographic variability in vertical motion profile top-heaviness in reanalysis data is introduced. The results from this method are compared to a satellite-based method for estimating top-heaviness of vertical motion profiles over the oceans. The satellite-based method utilizes basis functions, idealized or from reanalysis, along with scatterometer wind convergence data and rainfall to estimate the top-heaviness of the vertical motion profile. Results from the two methods of estimating top-heaviness are correlated with a correlation coefficient of 0.42. Both estimates of top-heaviness are compared to stratiform, shallow and convective rain fraction. Findings show geographic variability in stratiform rain fraction is not well correlated with estimated profile top-heaviness. Shallow rain fraction is not variable enough to explain this finding. The results may be due to geographic variations in the shape of convective or stratiform heating profiles. 8
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Newborns of the Republic of North Macedonia

Neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most frequent neonatal prob-lems that affect almost two thirds of term infants. Although etiology of jaundice has been widely studied, identification of pathological causes presents constant clinical challenge. Our study group performed an extensive retrospective study of etiology of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and showed high frequency (44.37%) of jaundice of undefined etiology. The group included exaggerated physiological jaundice, early-and late-onset breast-milk jaundice, and no identifiable etiology. Other etiologies were neonatal infection, prematurity, birth trauma, and hemolysis represented with 15%. We described hematological parameters in both non-hemolytic and hemolytic type of jaundice; a significant correlation of relevant laboratory findings with etiology was established. In this chapter we will present our own data and perform a data-relevant literature review. Furthermore, investigation and management plan of neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia will be presented in accordance with own data and available literature.
The Relationship between LBOs, IPOs and Market Risk Premium: An Empirical Analysis of the European Market

This paper investigates the relationship between leveraged buyouts (LBOs) and initial public offerings (IPOs) with the market risk premium in the European market. We expand our study to the period spanning from the first quarter of 1999 to the fourth quarter of 2016. Our longitudinal analysis finds evidence of an inverse relationship between market risk premium and the volume of LBOs, as well as a direct relationship between the latter and the stock index STOXX Europe 600. Additionally, our analysis of IPO operations confirms the significance of all factors considered in predicting the IPO trends in Europe, with a persisting accentuated impact generated by the market risk premium and the stock index STOXX Europe 600, also in this case. While previous analyses majorly focused on the US market, this paper is among first attempts to examine the topic of interest in the European context.
Effects of 919 syrup and D 101 on immobilization stress response in postpartum mice

Aim: 919 syrup (919 TJ) affects immobilization stress (IS)-induced anorexia related gene expression in postpartum mice. The present study aimed to explore possible mechanisms. Methods: Mice were divided into 5 groups: control, IS, IS + D101, IS + 919 TJ, and IS + D101 + 919 TJ (n = 8 per group). Repeated IS stimulation was applied to maternal mice. Moreover, 919 TJ was intragastrically administrated daily and D101 (5-Hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] agonist) was administered every two days via intraperitoneal injection. Food intake and body weights were recorded daily. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, mRNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR. Results: IS-induced inhibition of weight gain and food intake was not affected by 919 TJ and D101 in postpartum mice. Results suggest that 919 TJ and D101 reversed the inducing effects of IS on ghrelin protein expression in the stomach and hypothalamus, as well as the inhibitory effects of IS on 5-HT2b receptors (5-HT2bR) in the stomach and 5-HT2c receptors (5-HT2cR) in the hypothalamus. Moreover, IS affected mRNA expression of several appetite regulation and nutrient response-related genes in the stomach and hypothalamus, which was partially reversed by 919 TJ and D101. Conclusion: 919 TJ, similar to D101, can reverse the effects of IS on appetite regulation and nutrient response-related genes. 919 TJ may function through regulating 5-HT receptors.
EVALUATION OF ORGANOSOMATIC INDICES AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS JUVENILES FED DIETS CONTAINING GRADED LEVELS OF MECHANICALLY EXTRACTED SUNFLOWER ( HELIANTHUS ANNUUS ) SEED MEAL

Histopathological studies provide useful information on diet quality and metabolism as well as reflect fish nutritional and physiological status. This study assessed the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with mechanically extracted sunflower seed meal (MESSM) on the organosomatic indices and histopathological alterations in the liver, kidney and intestine of Clarias gariepinus juveniles for fifteen weeks. MESSM was substituted for SBM at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% in formulating six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. Diets were fed twice daily to 360 C. gariepinus juveniles inside eighteen rectangular tanks (in triplicate treatments). Finally, three fish specimens per treatment were dissected and their livers, kidneys and intestines removed and processed for histopathological examinations. Their tissues were fixed, washed and dehydrated with graded alcohol, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, stained and examined using photomicrography. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at P = 0.05. The results revealed that hepatosomatic index (HSI) was insignificantly (p>0.05) superior (1.87%) in the fish fed 20% MESSM diet and lowest (1.19%) in those fed 100% inclusion. Kidney-somatic index (KSI) and intestino-somatic index (ISI) were insignificantly (p>0.05) highest (0.65% and 3.63%) in fish fed 0% MESSM inclusion and least (0.38% and 2.42%) in those fed 40% inclusion respectively. Fish fed 0% and 20% MESSM inclusions maintained structurally normal liver, kidney and intestine without visible lesions. However, fish fed above 20% MESSM inclusion exhibited extensive fatty infiltration, central portal venous congestion and several large cytoplasmic vacuolations of the hepatocytes. Kidney tubules showed moderate swelling, depletion of haemopoietic and tubular compartments, conspicuous degeneration and necrosis of tubule epithelia and epithelial cells with pyknotic nuclei. Intestinal changes included hyperplastic villi, pronounced necrosis and erosion of villi and enterocytes at villi’s tips. The study showed that inclusion of mechanically extracted sunflower seed meal above 20% in C. gariepinus’ diet could cause severe physiological alterations, predispose fish to disease and consequently lower aquaculture profitability.
Bioengineered 3 D platform to explore cell e ECM interactions and drug resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer cells

The behaviour of cells cultured within three-dimensional (3D) structures rather than onto two-dimensional (2D) culture plastic more closely reflects their in vivo responses. Consequently, 3D culture systems are becoming crucial scientific tools in cancer cell research. We used a novel 3D culture concept to assess cellematrix interactions implicated in carcinogenesis: a synthetic hydrogel matrix equipped with key biomimetic features, namely incorporated cell integrin-binding motifs (e.g. RGD peptides) and the ability of being degraded by cell-secreted proteases (e.g. matrix metalloproteases). As a cell model, we chose epithelial ovarian cancer, an aggressive disease typically diagnosed at an advanced stage when chemoresistance occurs. Both cell lines used (OV-MZ-6, SKOV-3) proliferated similarly in 2D, but not in 3D. Spheroid formation was observed exclusively in 3D when cells were embedded within hydrogels. By exploiting the design flexibility of the hydrogel characteristics, we showed that proliferation in 3D was dependent on cell-integrin engagement and the ability of cells to proteolytically remodel their extracellular microenvironment. Higher survival rates after exposure to the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel were observed in cell spheroids grown in hydrogels (40e60%) compared to cell monolayers in 2D (20%). Thus, 2D evaluation of chemosensitivity may not reflect pathophysiological events seen in patients. Because of the design flexibility of their characteristics and their stability in long-term cultures (28 days), these biomimetic hydrogels represent alternative culture systems for the increasing demand in cancer research for more versatile, physiologically relevant and reproducible 3D matrices. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Building Generated Wind Shear and Turbulence Prediction utilising Computational Fluid Dynamics

Wind shear and turbulence caused by buildings in the vicinity of airports have been recognised as a cause of aircraft instability during landing or take-off for some time. The study of the pre and post-development winds has been undertaken using a quantitative Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. Turbulent (gust) wind flow in an urban environment is better modelled with wind tunnel when compared with CFD models employing low end turbulence models (e.g. the standard k-epsilon model). On the other hand small building features are better modelled in CFD versus wind tunnel testing, where model buildings are typically built to a scale of around 1:400 or 1:300. This is important when modelling small structures in the vicinity of airports or assessing the benefit of rounding the corners, adding small canopies, trees, porous screens and blades provided to mitigate adverse wind conditions. Wind tunnel measurements are also performed at a few selected points within the tested model while CFD can provide comprehensive output of the entire flow field. With advances in computational method Scale Resolving Simulation (SRS) models are used for high Reynolds number flows with strong separation. SRS models such as Large Eddy Simulation (LES) or hybrid LES/Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) approaches are used to overcome the limitation of statistical RANS models and resolve significant parts of the turbulence spectrum in CFD simulations. LES is still prohibitively computationally expensive when used for solving external high Re numbers flows in complex built environment even with today’s computational power. In this study hybrid Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) is used to assess the risks of buildings near the threshold of runways and predict wind shear and turbulence for critical flight paths. DES is proposed due to ability to combine the benefits of RANS and LES while minimising their disadvantages. The RANS (Realizable k-epsilon in this study) can achieve good prediction for attached boundary layers while LES can capture unsteady motions of large eddies in separated regions. The paper provides a procedure to reliably assess the risk of building generated wind shear and discusses some of the parameters that may have influence on the results accuracy. Key-Words: CFD, Airport Wind Shear, Turbulence, Detached Eddy Simulation, Built Environment
DeLone – McLean Information System Success Model Revisited : The Separation of Intention to Use-Use and the Integration of Technology Acceptance Models

DeLone–Mclean model is an established and well-known information system (IS) model for assessing IS success. Based on some meta-analysis studies of DeLone–Mclean model, it is revealed that some relationships in the construct are not significant. As such, the construct validity is questionable and might lower the predicting power. A thorough literature review had been done to break down the underlying theoretical concept of DeLone–McLean model. Based on the literature review, several solutions are proposed including the separation between intention to use and use and the integration of technology acceptance models (TAMs) and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The integration of TAM and UTAUT into DeLone–McLean model is needed to provide proper antecedents for intention to use since TAMs has a stronger and sound theoretical background for predicting behavioral intention (BI). Further exploration into TAM and UTAUT literature has revealed that only perceived usefulness (PU), performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), and social influence (SI) that significantly predict BI (intention to use). Based on these findings, PU, PE, EF and SI are integrated into DeLone–McLean model as the additional antecedents for intention to use.
Perceptions of Support Among Australian Lesbian and Gay Foster Carers

While a growing number of Australian foster care agencies are actively recruiting lesbians and gay men as potential foster carers, few agencies or states have guidelines, policies or legislation explicitly aimed at working with this population. Where guidelines do exist, they carry with them no legislative force, just as much of the legislation relating to registration of foster carers across Australian states provides no legal protection for lesbians or gay men. Where policies do exist, they tend to enshrine a liberal account of sexuality, where individuals are treated as equal before the law, an approach that can function to ignore the discrimination that lesbians and gay men face. The research presented in this chapter begins the work of mapping out some of the potential relationships between guidelines, policy and legislation and the experiences of support from foster care agencies reported by lesbian and gay carers across four Australian states. Findings suggest differences between states in relation to perceived levels of support from both agency workers and the broader community, in addition to differences in the key sources of support reported by participants and their perception of the utility of guidelines for agency workers whose role it is to support lesbian or gay foster carers. Suggestions are tentatively made from these findings in relation to the limitations of adopting a liberal approach to working with