Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Evaluation of Recombinant Factor VIII Preparation (Kogenate) in Previously Treated Patients with Hemophilia A: Descriptive Meta-Analysis of Post-Marketing Study Data

The safety and efficacy of Kogenate, a recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) preparation for the treatment of bleeding episodes, were studied in a 123-patient meta-analysis population of previously treated patients (PTPs), including 15 enrolled in the registration Phase III trial (PTP-I group), 93 from the post-marketing special investigation (PTP-II group), and 15 from short-term special investigations in surgery or tooth extraction (SI group). These patients (82 severe, 31 moderate, 9 mild, and 1 unknown), aged 11 months to 72 years, were enrolled in 28 centers in Japan. Blood samples taken at the baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months after the introduction of Kogenate were evaluated for FVIII inhibitor antibodies, antibodies formed against trace proteins derived from the rFVIII production process, and for general changes in laboratory test results. Mean exposure to Kogenate was 1103 days in PTP-I, 86 days in PTP-II, 27 days in patients in surgery, and 2 days in patients with tooth extraction.Assessment of FVIII inhibitor activity was conducted in 115 of the 123 patients by means of the Bethesda assay. Twelve patients were found to have a low titer of FVIII inhibitor (0.5–3.0 BU/mL) prior to any administration of Kogenate, and 103 were inhibitor-negative at the baseline. Among this latter group, 3 patients (2.9%) tested inhibitor-positive, with titers ranging from 1.2 to 2.1 BU/mL, with 4 patients below 1.0 BU/mL. One patient in the 11 PTPs investigated (PTP-I) developed antibodies against baby hamster kidney protein and mouse immunoglobulin G, but these findings were transient and asymptomatic. Hemostasis was achieved (markedly effective or effective) in 3666 of the 3855 bleeding episodes (95.1%) observed in 108 patients. Only 1 infusion was necessary in 3790 (98.3%) of these episodes. These data indicate that Kogenate is safe and very effective for the treatment of bleeding in PTPs with hemophilia A.
Measuring stigma in people with lung cancer: psychometric testing of the cataldo lung cancer stigma scale.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES to develop an instrument to measure the stigma perceived by people with lung cancer based on the HIV Stigma Scale. DESIGN psychometric analysis. SETTING online survey. SAMPLE 186 patients with lung cancer. METHODS an exploratory factor analysis with a common factor model using alpha factor extraction. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES lung cancer stigma, depression, and quality of life. FINDINGS four factors emerged: stigma and shame, social isolation, discrimination, and smoking. Inspection of unrotated first-factor loadings showed support for a general stigma factor. Construct validity was supported by relationships with related constructs: self-esteem, depression, social support, and social conflict. Coefficient alphas ranging from 0.75-0.97 for the subscales (0.96 for stigma and shame, 0.97 for social isolation, 0.9 for discrimination, and 0.75 for smoking) and 0.98 for the 43-item Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS) provided evidence of reliability. The final version of the CLCSS was 31 items. Coefficient alpha was recalculated for the total stigma scale (0.96) and the four subscales (0.97 for stigma and shame, 0.96 for social isolation, 0.92 for discrimination, and 0.75 for smoking). CONCLUSIONS the CLCSS is a reliable and valid measure of health-related stigma in this sample of people with lung cancer. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING the CLCSS can be used to identify the presence and impact of lung cancer stigma and allow for the development of effective stigma interventions for patients with lung cancer.
Restlessness and psychomotor agitation after kidney transplantation: Their impact on perceived health status

Abstract Restlessness and psychomotor agitation are among the causes of morbidity and mortality in different diseases. They are known problems in end-stage renal disease patients but no study has ever evaluated their presence and effects in kidney recipients. This study aimed to explore the presence of restlessness and psychomotor agitation and their relation with morbidity of patients after renal transplantation. Sixty-one subjects were randomly selected from kidney transplant recipients being followed in Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Restlessness and psychomotor agitation were determined by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The correlation of these scores with demographic data, clinical data, sexual function, marital adjustment, quality of life, sleep quality and medical comorbidity of patients was evaluated. The scores of restlessness and psychomotor agitation were significantly correlated with the age at transplantation (r = .269, p = .04 and r = .324, p = .01, respectively), the total score of medical comorbidity (r = .273, p = .02 and r = .257, p = .04, respectively), role limitation due to emotional problems (r = −.26, p = .03 and r = −.25, p = .04, respectively) and mental health (r = −.277, p = .02 and r = −.252, p = .04 respectively). There was no correlation between these symptoms and the gender, marital status, and sexual relationship score of the patients (p > .05). Restlessness and psychomotor agitation are frequent and can impose high degrees of morbidity on renal transplant recipients. Proper management of these problems seems to improve the different aspects of quality of life in these patients.
Limited lamivudine and long-term hepatitis B immunoglobulin immunoprophylaxis for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation

Background. No consensus exists concerning dosage and duration of prophylactic hepatitis B immunoglobulin and lamivudine for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). Methods. Lamivudine was discontinued 12 months after LT, maintaining hepatitis B immunoglobulin prophylaxis in eight patients who received lamivudine treatment before LT. Results. At LT, six patients were serum hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA negative, whereas two patients had low serum HBV-DNA levels. Hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen and hepatitis B core antigen stained positively by immunohistochemistry in all hepatectomy specimens. All patients remained recurrence free during the 12 months on combination therapy with normal liver histological examination and negative HBs and HB core staining on biopsy specimens. No relapse occurred after lamivudine withdrawal during a median follow-up of 17.5 months (normal transaminases, negative serum HBs antigen, and HBV-DNA). Conclusions. Discontinuation of lamivudine 12 months after LT is feasible and safe even in patients with ongoing low viral replication at LT, providing adequate prophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulins.
CD56‐positive cutaneous lymphoma: a poorly recognized entity in the spectrum of primary cutaneous disease

CD56‐positive (CD56+) lymphomas, characterized by the expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule on pathological lymphocytes, share a frequent extranodal involvement and a generally aggressive course. Five CD3‐ CD56+ lymphoma patients presenting with nodular lesions were identified among 180 immunophenotyped cutaneous lymphomas. All the patients were men, with ages ranging from 55 to 78 years. After staging, two patients were diagnosed as having primary cutaneous lymphomas: the remaining three had the secondary cutaneous type. The clinical course was aggressive and four patients died within 8 months from diagnosis. The remaining patient is still alive after a 17‐month follow‐up. The histological diagnosis was immunoblastic lymphoma in two patients, and medium and large cell pleomorphic lymphoma in three. The angiocentric infiltrate was located mainly in the dermis: azurophilic granules were present in three of the five patients. Immunogenotypic analyses suggested the natural killer cell origin of these neoplasias: all cases exhibited a CD56+ CD3‐ CD5‐ T‐cell receptor (TCR) silent phenotype, and Southern blot analysis showed a germline configuration of the TCR β‐chain gene.
Attitudes toward ICT and working with computers of the royal Malaysia police workforce / Ab. Latiff Ab. Rahman, Wan Narita Mustapha, Adnan Omar and Hajah Rugayah Hj. Hashim

One of the primary characteristics of policing of the next century will be the proliferation of technology as an important component of law enforcement. The successful law enforcer or policeman of the future will be marked by an ability to incorporate and directly apply a wide range of technology in their interactions with the public. More than simple data access, policing technology is increasingly being used as a means by which the police and the public interact. The overall objective of this study is to measure the attitudes of the Royal Malaysia Police workforce towards the use of information and communication technologies in policing and then ascertain the relationship between these attitudes and the policeman's job experience and productivity. With a response rate of 77.67% from the 600 questionnaires sent to 14 identified police headquarters throughout Malaysia, the results showed mediocre attitudes toward ICT and working with computers relative to usefulness, confidence, liking and anxiety. The findings of the study will outline important managerial implications related to introducing and implementing new technology uses svithin law enforcement personnel in Malaysia.
Modulatory Effects of Testosterone on 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐ 1, 2, 3, 6‐Tetrahydropyridine‐Induced Neurotoxicity

Abstract: In this experiment, we examined the modulatory effects of testosterone on the parkinsonism‐inducing drug 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1, 2, 3, 6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in two strains of mice. Orchidectomized male CD‐1 and C57/BI mice were implanted with either empty Silastic capsules or capsules containing testosterone and subsequently treated with MPTP. A small area of the corpus striatum was removed for determination of dopamine (DA) content, whereas the remainder was superfused and used to measure L‐DOPA (5 μM)‐evoked DA release. In animals treated with MPTP, L‐DOPA‐evoked DA release was reduced significantly in CD‐1 mice, but not in C57/BI mice, treated with testosterone. No differences in L‐DOPA‐stimulated DA release between MPTP‐ versus vehicle‐treated mice was observed in either the CD‐1 or C57/BI mice receiving empty Silastic capsules. Corpus striatum DA contents were more severely depleted in the MPTP‐sensitive C57/BI versus the CD‐1 mouse strain irrespective of hormone treatment. These results confirm previous results demonstrating differences in these two mouse strains in response to the neurotoxic effects of MPTP upon corpus striatum DA content. More interestingly, they show an important differential modulatory effect of testosterone upon L‐DOPA‐evoked DA release as a function of MPTP treatment and indicate that testosterone significantly alters the neurotoxic effects of MPTP in the CD‐1 mouse.
MCP‐1 (CCL2) protects human neurons and astrocytes from NMDA or HIV‐tat‐induced apoptosis

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)‐associated dementia is often characterized by chronic inflammation, with infected macrophage infiltration of the CNS resulting in the production of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) products, including tat, and neurotoxins that contribute to neuronal loss. In addition to their established role in leukocyte recruitment and activation, we identified an additional role for chemokines in the CNS. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1 or CCL2) and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were found to protect mixed cultures of human neurons and astrocytes from tat or NMDA‐induced apoptosis. Neuronal and astrocytic apoptosis in these cultures was significantly inhibited by co‐treatment with MCP‐1 or RANTES but not IP‐10. The protective effect of RANTES was blocked by antibodies to MCP‐1, indicating that RANTES protection is mediated by the induction of MCP‐1. The NMDA blocker, MK801, also abolished the toxic effects of both tat and NMDA. Tat or NMDA treatment of mixed cultures for 24 h resulted in increased extracellular glutamate ([Glu]e) and NMDA receptor 1 (NMDAR1) expression, potential contributors to apoptosis. Co‐treatment with MCP‐1 inhibited tat and NMDA‐induced increases in [Glu]e and NMDAR1, and also reduced the levels and number of neurons containing intracellular tat. These data indicate that MCP‐1 may play a novel role as a protective agent against the toxic effects of glutamate and tat.
The effect of frequency of feeding on milk secretion in the Ayrshire cow

Summary Four Ayrshire cows in their second lactation were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment to determine the effects of frequency of feeding on milk secretion. The animals were given a diet consisting of hay, sugar-beet pulp and dairy concentrates (34·9:19·7:45·5 on a dry-matter basis) either in 2 equal meals/d at 07.00 and 17.00 h or with the hay in 4 meals at 07.00, 12.00, 17.00 and 22.00 h and the sugar-beet pulp and concentrates in 24-h meals. Each feeding frequency was tested at 2 levels of feeding providing either 100 or 80% of the standard requirements for energy. There were no significant effects of frequency of feeding on milk yield or on the milk content of fat, protein, lactose, solids-not-fat or total solids, but underfeeding depressed the yield of milk and of all milk constituents. Neither the frequency nor level of feeding had appreciable effects on the fatty-acid composition of the milk fat or on the blood glucose concentration, but in animals fed frequently plasma urea levels were lower than in animals fed twice daily and there was no postprandial peak in urea concentration.
Inverse problems in reduced order models of cardiovascular haemodynamics: aspects of data assimilation and heart rate variability

Inverse problems in cardiovascular modelling have become increasingly important to assess each patient individually. These problems entail estimation of patient-specific model parameters from uncertain measurements acquired in the clinic. In recent years, the method of data assimilation, especially the unscented Kalman filter, has gained popularity to address computational efficiency and uncertainty consideration in such problems. This work highlights and presents solutions to several challenges of this method pertinent to models of cardiovascular haemodynamics. These include methods to (i) avoid ill-conditioning of the covariance matrix, (ii) handle a variety of measurement types, (iii) include a variety of prior knowledge in the method, and (iv) incorporate measurements acquired at different heart rates, a common situation in the clinic where the patient state differs according to the clinical situation. Results are presented for two patient-specific cases of congenital heart disease. To illustrate and validate data assimilation with measurements at different heart rates, the results are presented on a synthetic dataset and on a patient-specific case with heart valve regurgitation. It is shown that the new method significantly improves the agreement between model predictions and measurements. The developed methods can be readily applied to other pathophysiologies and extended to dynamical systems which exhibit different responses under different sets of known parameters or different sets of inputs (such as forcing/excitation frequencies).
Bioactive glass ceramic in ossicular reconstruction: A preliminary report

Current techniques for ossicular reconstruction include ossicular autografts and homografts, and plastic and ceramic prostheses. Experimental testing of ceramic materials has led to the development of a nonporous, bioactive form of glass ceramic (Ceravital) for tympanoplastic reconstruction. To determine the clinical usefulness of these implants, Ceravital ossicular reconstructions were evaluated in 37 patients treated at the University of Michigan Medical Center during an 18‐month period. Thirty‐two patients (86%) with chronic ear disease underwent Ceravital ossicular reconstruction with tympanoplasty with or without mastoidectomy. Five other patients (14%) underwent ossicular reconstruction—2 for congenital anomalies, 2 for temporal bone trauma, and 1 patient for glomus tympanicum removal. Patient follow‐up ranged from 2.2 to 3.8 years, with a mean follow‐up period of 2.9 years. Prosthesis extrusion occurred in one case (3%). Mean preoperative and postoperative (2‐year) pure tone air‐bone gaps were 41.6 dB and 21.3 dB, respectively. Hearing was improved in 35 of 37 patients (95%). Postoperative pure tone air‐bone gap was closed to 20 dB or less in 23 patients (62%). Hearing gains were greater with partial rather than total reconstructions (p=0.14) and significantly greater with intact canal wall rather than canal wall down tympanoplasties (p<0.05). Initial results obtained with the Ceravital ossicular prosthesis compare favorably with those obtained using other methods of alloplastic reconstruction. These preliminary data suggest that Ceravital is an effective alternative prosthetic material for ossicular reconstruction.
Acute impact of immediate release methylphenidate administered three times a day on sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of immediate release Ritalin, given three times a day, on sleep quality and quantity in medication-naïve, newly diagnosed children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS Children (aged 6-12) rigorously diagnosed with ADHD (n = 21) underwent multiple measurement assessments (i.e., actigraphy, sleep diary, and questionnaires) during a 1-week baseline and then during a 3-week blinded randomized medication trial. RESULTS Although the medication was effective in reducing ADHD symptoms, analyses of actigraphy and sleep diary data found statistically and clinically significant changes in the children's total sleep time and sleep onset latency in the medication compared to the no medication conditions. No effects on sleep were found based on the sleep questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS Physicians and parents are encouraged to closely monitor children's sleep when treating ADHD with stimulant medication.
A comparative proteome analysis of human metaphase chromosomes isolated from two different cell lines reveals a set of conserved chromosome‐associated proteins

A comparative proteome analysis of human metaphase chromosomes between a typical epithelial‐like cell, HeLa S3, and a lymphoma‐type cell, BALL‐1, was performed. One‐dimensional (1‐D) SDS‐PAGE and radical‐free and highly reducing two‐dimensional electrophoresis (RFHR 2‐DE) detected more than 200 proteins from chromosomes isolated from HeLa S3 cells, among which 189 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Consistent with our recent four‐layer structural model of a metaphase chromosome, all the identified proteins were grouped into four distinct levels of abundance. Both HeLa S3 and BALL‐1 chromosomes contained specific sets of abundant chromosome structural and peripheral proteins in addition to less abundant chromosome coating proteins (CCPs). Furthermore, titin array analysis and a proteome analysis of the ultra‐high molecular mass region indicated an absence of titin with their molecular weight (MW) more than 1000 kDa. Consequently, the present proteome analyses together with previous information on chromosome proteins provide the comprehensive list of proteins essential for the metaphase chromosome architecture.
Modeling energetic and theoretical costs of thermoregulatory strategy

Poikilothermic ectotherms have evolved behaviours that help them maintain or regulate their body temperature (T b) around a preferred or ‘set point’ temperature (T set). Thermoregulatory behaviors may range from body positioning to optimize heat gain to shuttling among preferred microhabitats to find appropriate environmental temperatures. We have modelled movement patterns between an active and non-active shuttling behaviour within a habitat (as a biased random walk) to investigate the potential cost of two thermoregulatory strategies. Generally, small-bodied ectotherms actively thermoregulate while large-bodied ectotherms may passively thermoconform to their environment. We were interested in the potential energetic cost for a large-bodied ectotherm if it were forced to actively thermoregulate rather than thermoconform. We therefore modelled movements and the resulting and comparative energetic costs in precisely maintaining a T set for a small-bodied versus large-bodied ectotherm to study and evaluate the thermoregulatory strategy.
Using Art to Help Understand the Imagery of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Response to Hypnotherapy

Abstract A medical artist asked 109 patients if they had an image of their IBS pre- and posthypnotherapy, making precise watercolor paintings of any images described. Results were related to treatment outcome, symptoms, anxiety, depression, and absorption (hypnotizability); 49% of patients had an image, and a wide variety were recorded and painted. Imagery was significantly associated with gender (p < .05), anxiety (p < .05), noncolonic symptomatology (p < .05), and absorption (p = .001); 57.8% of responders compared with 35.5% of nonresponders to hypnotherapy had an image of their disease (p < .05) before treatment, and color images were associated with better outcomes (p = .05) than monochrome ones. All images changed in responders, often becoming more nonspecific in nature. Inquiring about IBS imagery helps to identify potential responders and nonresponders to hypnotherapy and may also provide insights into how patients think about their illness.
Expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 Is Required for Regulation of Biliary Cholesterol Secretion*

The major pathway for elimination of cholesterol in mammals is via secretion into bile. Biliary cholesterol secretion is mediated by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCG5 (G5) and ABCG8 (G8) and is stimulated by cholesterol and by the non-cholesterol steroids cholate and diosgenin. To define the relationship between G5G8 expression and biliary cholesterol secretion, we measured G5 and G8 mRNA levels and biliary cholesterol concentrations in genetically manipulated mice expressing 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, or 16 copies of the two genes. Biliary cholesterol levels varied directly with G5G8 copy number and hepatic mRNA levels over a >16-fold range. Thus neither delivery of cholesterol to the transporter nor levels of cholesterol acceptors in bile were limiting under these conditions. In wild-type mice, cholate and diosgenin both increased biliary cholesterol concentrations 2–3-fold. The increase in biliary cholesterol content was dependent on expression of G5 and G8; neither steroid increased biliary cholesterol levels in G5G8–/– mice. Cholate treatment was associated with a farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-dependent increase in hepatic mRNA and protein levels of G5 and G8. In contrast to cholate, diosgenin treatment did not affect G5G8 expression. Diosgenin increased the expression of several pregnane X receptor (PXR) target genes and the choleretic effect of diosgenin was reduced by ∼70% in PXR knock-out mice. Thus G5 and G8 are required to modulate biliary cholesterol secretion in response to cholate and diosgenin, but the choleretic effects of these two steroids are mediated by different mechanisms requiring FXR and PXR, respectively.