Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EffEctivEnEss of phytopEsticidE nEEm AzAl Т / s ® against tomato leaf miner ( TuTa absoluTa meyrick ) in greenhouse tomato

YankoVa, V. , n. ValcheV and D. MarkoVa, 2014. Effectiveness of phytopesticide Neem Azal Т/S ® against tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta Meyrick) in greenhouse tomato. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 1116-1118 In recent years tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta Meyrick) became one of the most dangerous pests for tomato greenhouse production. The larvae make damages on all aboveground parts of the plant from seedlings production stage to the harvesting. In the period 2011-2012 studies were performed for determination of the effectiveness of the phytopesticide Neem Azal T/S® 0.3% with active ingredient azadirachtin against T. absoluta, in tomato growing variety Velocity under greenhouses. high effectiveness of the product (Е=80.51%) was established 14 days after treatment against early stages of the larvae (L1 and L2) of the pest. Neem Azal Т/S 0.3% shows very good effectiveness (84.10% and 86.61% respectively) both in twofold and threefold treatment in intervals of 7 days against mixed population of larvae 1-4 instars of T. absoluta. The good biological activity of Neem Azal Т/S 0.3% makes possible its including in the integrated and biological systems for control of the pest in tomato greenhouse production.
Geography and Communal Conflict in Indonesia

The determinants of communal conflicts in Indonesia have been widely documented. However, most of them ignore geographical aspects of communal conflicts. This paper examines geographical determinants of communal conflicts in Indonesia. Data comes from the 2008 Village Potential Census (Podes) and official statistics which consist of communal conflict information across all Indonesia’s districts (N districts = 465). Results from spatial dependent model show that communal conflict to be spatially dependent through latent determinants, meaning that communal conflict clusters because of clustering of latent determinants within district. Rather than religious and ethnic heterogeneity, communal conflict is positively associated with poverty, economic inequality, elite capture, and weak capacity of districts to manage fiscal resources.
Assessment of the potential of two local composts for seeds germination and vegetable production

Composting is becoming an environmental technique of producing promising organic substrates. In this framework, two local Tunisian composts; compost of date palms (CP) and this of green wastes (CW) were compared to peat and perlite respectively concerning germination and plant growth’s attitudes. Two germination experiences of direct sowing and use of compost’s water extract applied on muskmelon, tomato and barley seeds suggest that the two composts, namely this of green wastes, can serve as potting media without risks of toxicity. Indeed, they permit the germination of seeds in a rate statistically similar to this of peat even a delay in the process’s stimulation which it is reduced with time. Moreover, with a concentration of 100 % compost’s extract, the germination index overlaps 50 % that represents the limit of toxicity. Regarding plant growth’s performance, the two composts have permitted the greatest foliar expansion, accumulation of the dry matter yet lower SLA reflecting their thickness.
Evaluating the Effect of Underground Explosions on Structures

During the last decades, research activity related to underground explosions and their effect on buried structures and structures located on or above ground level have progressively increased. The correct evaluation of the effect of this type of explosion is very important for the design of protection structures. The action of buried explosions on soils and the resulting effect on structures is a strongly complex physical problem. The results are significantly dependent on many parameters that include the amount of explosive, the shape of the load, the explosion depth, soil type and properties, among others. Recent advances in numerical simulation have allowed the modeling of underground explosions. Although there are some papers related to this problem, the knowledge of the effect on buried structures or structures located on the ground is limited to a few numerical results without experimental validation or some isolated experimental observations. The effect of underground explosions on buried structures or structures on or above soil surface is numerically studied in this paper. Numerical simulation is performed with a hydrocode. Different alternatives to model the soil are analyzed. The effect of soil model and parameters on blast wave propagation is particularly studied. In the case of structures located above the ground the capability of different numerical models to reproduce soil ejecta that impacts on structures is also studied. The paper also compares the present numerical results with numerical values obtained by other authors using different hypothesis. Numerical results are contrasted with experimental results available in the specialized literature.
Response surface analysis of removal of a textile dye by a Turkish coal powder

In the present study, an experimental design methodology was used to optimize the adsorptive removal of Basic Yellow 13 (BY13) using Turkish coal powder. A central composite design (CCD) consisting of 31 experiments was employed to evaluate the simple and combined effects of the four independent variables, initial dye concentration (mg/L), adsorbent dosage (g/L), temperature (°C) and contact time (min) on the color removal (CR) efficiency (%) and optimizing the process response. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination value (R 2 = 0.947) and satisfactory prediction of the polynomial regression model was derived. Results indicated that the CR efficiency was not significantly affected by temperature in the range of 12-60°C. While all other variables significantly influenced response. The highest CR (95.14%), estimated by multivariate experimental design, was found at the optimal experimental conditions of initial dye concentration 30 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 1.5 g/L, temperature 25°C and contact time 10 min.
Corporate social reporting preferences in a developing country: Evidence from Iran

This paper provides new empirical evidence regarding corporate social responsibility information needs, perceptions and preferences in a developing country, Iran. While there is substantial research which has examined CSR practice, little reference has been made to the needs of major ‘users’ in developing countries. Results show that users of CSR information favor the corporate annual report as the primary disclosure source. They identified information about environment as the most important CSR information. While respondents believe that the level of CSR information provided is insufficient, the overall levels of understandability and credibility are acceptable. Users also indicated that they would prefer to have government as opposed to professional regulations governing CSR disclosure. This is a significant examination specifically directed at major users of CSR information in Iran; the findings presented in this paper contribute as a platform for the evolution of CSR disclosure guidelines in developing countries.
Effect of plant age, temperature and rainfall on Lepidoptera insect pests collected with light traps in a Eucalyptus grandis plantation in Brazil

Les especes de lepidopteres d'une plantation d'Eucalyptus grandis ont ete suivies d'aout 1991 a juillet 1996 par piegeage lumineux, a Nova Era, dans l'etat du Minas Gerais, au Bresil. Un total de 1385 especes a ete recolte dont 14 especes ravageuses et 14 especes de moindre importance. Sur les cinq annees de suivi, ces deux groupes comprennent respectivement en moyenne et par piege 959 et 449 individus, tandis que les autres especes renferment 8394 individus par piege. Les ravageurs majeurs les plus representes sont Glena unipennaria, Sabulodes caberata et Stenalcidia grosica (Geometridae) dont la frequence de capture varie selon la temperature, les precipitations et l'âge de la plantation. Cela montre qu'il est necessaire de suivre ces especes pendant toute la phase de croissance des eucalyptus.
Changes in the Position of Mandibular Third Molars Following Extraction and Non-Extraction Orthodontic Treatments

Introduction: Impaction of third molars can be associated with a number of sequelae, each requiring a different type of treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in the position of lower third molars following extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatments. Methods: Pre- and post-treatment panoramic radiographs of 26 class I malocclusion patients (4 male and 22 female) who were treated on a non-extraction basis were compared with those of 30 class I malocclusion patients (5 male and 25 female) who received orthodontic treatment following the extraction of all first premolars. In each group, the lower third molar angulations and their distance from the lower border of the mandible were assessed. Results: Paired t-tests and independent t-tests detected significant changes in the position of the lower third molars in the extraction group. Both the left and right molars became more upright and their distance from the lower border of the mandible increased. Similar changes were only seen in the position of the right mandibular third molars in the non-extraction group. Conclusion: Tooth extractions can bring about favorable changes in the position of mandibular third molars and possibly reduce their incidence of impaction
Modelling the spatial pattern of housing-renovation employment in Melbourne, Australia: an application of geographically weighted regression

This paper discusses research aimed at identifying key factors influencing the distribution of residential housing renovation employment in metropolitan Melbourne. Using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), employment focused on residential housing renovation is modelled using six parameters representing urban space: distance to the central business district, median household income, distance to highways, the number of nearby shopping centres, distance to public open space and accessibility to railway stations. Of the six different explanatory variables, the estimated value of the Ordinary Least Square model for distance to CBD and open space were statistically significant. Mapping the values of local coefficient estimates of independent variables revealed their extent of influence and variation in residential housing renovation employment.
A Correlation Study between Social Capital and Knowledge Management with Emphasis on the Human Capital - The Case Study: Payame Noor University of Hormozgan (Bandarabbas)

Universities because of the importance and position they play in the every countries’ socio-economic development, require attention to personnel social capital at the university, because the social capital, makes effective knowledge management possible. With respect to the importance of social and human capital and knowledge management, the present study was done to explore the relationship between social capital and knowledge management with emphasis on the human capital. This research is survey- descriptive of correlation type and the required data were collected through library-field. The subjects in this study consist of Payame Noor University staff of Hormozgan province. In this study, 54 staff of Bandar Abbas Payame Noor University were selected through random sampling. After gathering the required data through knowledge management questionnaire, knowledge management processes were measured based on the five dimensions such as the capture of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, transmission of knowledge, creation of knowledge and application of knowledge. In order to provide for the reliability of the questionaire cronbachs alpha was used. In order to check the significance of the difference between responses descriptive and inferential statistics such as regression, one way anova and t test were run using SPSS version 20. The result show that the staff means score of knowledge management was 76/66±20/48. The result shows that there was a significant relationship between social capital and knowledge management. Also there was a significant relationship between social capital and the five components of knowledge management such as capture of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, transmission of knowledge, creation of knowledge and application of knowledge. Also there was a significant relationship between human capital and the component of knowledge management.
The Price is (Almost) Right

Most previous research tests market efficiency and asset pricing models using average abnormal trading profits on dynamic trading strategies, and typically rejects the joint hypothesis. In contrast, we measure the ability of a simple risk model and the efficient-market hypothesis to explain the level of stock prices. First, we find that cash-flow betas (measured by regressing firms' earnings on the market's earnings) explain the prices of value and growth stocks well, with a plausible premium. Second, we use a present-value model to decompose the cross-sectional variance of firms' price-to-book ratios into two components due to risk-adjusted fundamental value and mispricing. When we allow the discount rates to vary with cash-flow betas, the variance share of mispricing is negligible.
Gonadal development and sex inversion in saddleback anemonefish Amphiprion polymnus Linnaeus (1758)

Gonadal development and sex inversion of saddleback anemonefish, Amphiprion polymnus were described. One-month juveniles had sexually undifferentiated gonads with primordial germ cells aggregated in groups, while two- to three-month juveniles displayed immature hermaphroditic gonads containing early developmental stages of both male and female germ cells, namely spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, oogonia, and primary oocytes in chromatin-nucleolus stage. Spermatogenesis began at 4 months having testicular tissue comprising of spermatogenic cells in all developmental stages but ovarian cavity was first seen later at 5 months. The male region of ovotestis was peripheral, whereas the female region was more centrally located. There was no connective tissue between ovarian and testicular areas. Six-to 11-month fish had slightly larger ovotestes than those at previous age. Protandric sex inversion first occurred at 12 months. Sex change was characterized by degeneration of male germ cells, deposition of yellow-brown pigment and the formation of vitellogenic oocytes. Before spawning activity began, their gonads contained female germ cells in all stages with numerous vitellogenic oocytes, whereas functional males had both ovarian and testicular tissues. Most females of breeding pairs had mature oocytes in their gonads and began to spawn when their ages reached 14 months.
New Trends For Estrus Synchronization Using A Combination Of Gonadotropins, Prostaglandin And Estradiol Cypionate In Dairy Cows

This study was conducted to through the light on a recent method for estrus synchronization in lactating dairy cows using PGF2α, GnRH and estradiol cypionate (ECP). Four treatments were performed on sixty dairy cows. In treatment 1 (PP), cows received two injections of PGF2α on days 0 and 11 (n=14); while in treatment 2 (PGP), cows were injected twice PGF2α on days 0 and 11 and 100 ug of GnRH on day 3 after the 1st injection (n=14). In treatment 3 (PGPE-0), cows were treated with PGP and 1 mg of ECP at the same time of 2nd PGF2α injection (n=16). In treatment 4 (PGPE-1), cows were treated with PGP and 1 mg of ECP one day after 2nd PGF2α injection (n=16). The cows were examined rectally and ultrasonographically by B-mode Ultrasound System [Pie-Medical Scanner-240] with a 6-8 MHz linear rectal transducer. Every cow was blood sampled at selected intervals for progesterone and estradiol assay and inseminated at estrus. The results showed a higher percentage of GnRH-treated cows (PGP) ovulated after 1st PGF2α injection than the non treated (PP) cows (64.3% vs 50%; P<0.05). The GnRH-treated cows tended to have a larger mature follicle present at 2nd PGF2α injection. Subsequently, the percentage of cows that ovulated after 2nd PGF2α injection was 71.4% vs 50% for GnRH-treated cows than none treated ones, respectively. Two days after 2nd PGF2α injection, cows treated with PGP had a higher peak preovulatory concentrations of estradiol compared to PP treated cows (3.2±0.48 vs 2.6±0.45 pg/ml). Additionally, cows treated with ECP (PGPE-0 and PGPE-1) had a higher peak preovulatory concentrations of estradiol (6.3±0.43 and 6.99±0.63 pg/ml; P<0.01); and a higher percentage ovulation (75.0% and 87.5%) than the other treated groups (PP or PGP). Thus, a higher percentage of ECP (especially PGPE-1 group) treated cows were observed in standing estrus and ovulated after 2nd PGF2α injection than the other treated groups. Submission rates (number of inseminated/totalX100), differed statistically across treatments, especially those treated with ECP, as well as; the conception and pregnancy rates were observed higher with the ECP treated cows than the other treatments. In conclusion, PGP protocol increased the number of cows that ovulated after 1st PGF2α injection and produced more mature follicles at the time of 2nd PGF2α injection. The combination of ECP and PGP (PGPE-1) enhanced the expression of estrus and increased ovulation percentage, thus it is potentially a new method to routinely synchronize estrus and ovulation in dairy cows.
Above- and below-ground tree parameters and their development after modelling of thinning in young elm stands

During the last century almost two-thirds of all elms were lost due to the Dutch elm disease. Therefore, elms are an endangered species with a lasting lack of knowledge about ecosystem functions of elms in forest stands. The study describes several aboveand below-ground tree parameters and their changes after simulation of thinning in one young forest stand with dominant Ulmus laevis Pall. in the Czech Republic. The distribution of the leaves was measured using the ‘cloud’ technique. The absorptive root area was measured with the aid of the modified earth impedance method to evaluate below-ground tree parameters. Using allometric equations, it was possible to calculate certain tree parameters of individual trees as well as the entire forest stand. The modelling of four thinning intensities (low, medium, high and very high) helped to establish the changes of these tree parameters after treatment. The leaf area index of the stand was 5.6, the absorptive root area index was 1.7 and the total biomass of foliage was 8.5 Mg ha–1 prior to the treatment. The absorptive root area amounted to 30% of the foliage area. The exponential models were developed to predict the aboveand below-ground tree parameters. Under the different thinning intensities, the following were found: a negative correlation with the number of trees for the leaf area index, the foliage biomass and the absorptive root area index. This knowledge is important in the process of maintaining the presence of endangered elms in forest stands and in ecosystem services (e.g. carbon storage) throughout Europe.
Performance Evaluation of an Artificial Neural Network Multilayer Perceptron with Limited Weights for Detecting Denial of Service Attack on Internet of Things

One way to prevent attacks to security in the Internet of Things (IoT) is the adoption of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). With the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) it is possible to decrease the limitations of the IDS such as false positive that can compromise the system. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of two ANNs to verify which of both is the more adequate to use in an IDS for the IoT environment. We compare the performance of a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) with Limited Weights with a Multilayer Perceptron with normal weights. The used Multilayer Perceptron presents ten neurons in the hidden layer. The implementation is in C language and run on an embedded platform with an ARM Cortex-M3 micro-controller. It is possible to consider the ANN training in another platform and to permit the embedded platform receives the trained weights. It is also possible to make the training in real time using the received data one time. We conclude that it is viable to use an Artificial Neural Network Multilayer Perceptron in an Intrusion Detection System for the Internet of Things. Keywords-IDS System; IoT Internet of Things; Multilayer Perceptron; Neural Network; Limited Weights;
Validation of the first annual increment deposition in the otoliths of European anchovy in the Bay of Biscay based on otolith microstructure analysis

In order to validate the first annual increment deposition in European anchovy otoliths, early juveniles were captured in October 2012 in the southern Bay of Biscay. These individuals were maintained under a continuous feeding regimen in a sea cage over a period of 6 months. From October 2012 to January 2013, lengths increased slightly or remained stable at ~9.8cm. After this period, standard length increased significantly up to a mean value of 12.0cm in April 2013. Likewise, the age of anchovies was estimated based on otolith microstructure analysis. The estimated age varied from 96 days (for individuals sampled in October 2012) to 293 days (for anchovies sampled in April 2013). A daily increment deposition rate was confirmed in otoliths of individuals maintained in the sea cage during the winter. The general otolith daily growth pattern showed that increment widths increased rapidly and were broadest between 51 and 56 days, with a mean of 19. 1µm. Thereafter, the widths decreased steadily to 1. 5µm and remained almost constant until the end of the experiment. The present study also revealed that the first translucent band formation started in autumn and was completed by spring.
lectrical conductivity anisotropy of dry and hydrous olivine at 8 GPa rent

The effects of dissolved H2O on the electrical conductivity and its anisotropy in olivine (Fo90) at 8 GPa were investigated by complex impedance spectroscopy. At nominally anhydrous conditions, conduction along [1 0 0] and [0 0 1] is slightly higher than along [0 1 0] in contrast to observations made at lower pressures in earlier studies. Increasing H2O content increases conductivities but activation energies are lower and H2O concentration dependent. The use of polarized FTIR spectroscopy to determine H2O concentrations reveals a weaker than expected effect that water has on olivine conductivity and distinguishes our results from earlier studies based on analyses using non-polarized infrared spectroscopy. We show that at H2O concentrations of a few hundred wt ppm or less, that the dominant conduction mechanism at mantle temperatures continues via small polarons, such as that observed for anhydrous olivine. Our results also suggest that at depths greater than 200 km, the presence of H2O may not be necessary to explain regions in the upper mantle where both electrical and seismic anisotropy are observed. This can be explained by differences in the pressure dependence of the activation energy for conduction along each of the three crystallographic axes. However, while electrical anisotropy of anhydrous olivine remains weak at 8 GPa, it is nevertheless enhanced by elevated concentrations (>several hundred wt ppm) of dissolved H2O. At these conditions dominated by proton hopping, conductivity along [0 1 0] is highest, approximately an order of magnitude greater than along [1 0 0]. Additionally, at 1000 wt ppm and 1500 ◦C, an isotropic conductivity derived from the data is about 1 order of magnitude higher than that for nominally anhy-