Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Increased Renal Venous Pressure on Circulatory “Autoregulation” of Isolated Dog Kidneys

The results demonstrate that autoregulation is primarily dependent on the arteriovenous pressure difference and that it is diminished or abolished when this pressure is lower than approximately 90 mm. Hg. it is suggested that in the kidney the arteriovenous pressure gradient is probably close to the true distending pressure (i.e., the transmural pressure) of the intraparenchymal renal arteries and arterioles, It is concluded that renal autoregulation is due to an active response of the muscular coats of the renal arteries and arterioles to changes in transmural pressure.
Effects of Nicotine Exposure on In Vitro Metabolism of Chlorpyrifos in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

The routine use of tobacco products may modify key metabolizing systems, which will further impact the metabolism of environmental contaminants. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of repeated in vivo exposures to nicotine, a major pharmacologically active component of cigarette smoke, on in vitro metabolism of chlorpyrifos (CPF). CPF is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide that is metabolized by cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) to its major metabolites, chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPF-oxon) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed subcutaneously with 1 mg nicotine/kg for 1, 7, or 10 d. Rats were sacrificed 4 or 24 h after the last nicotine treatment, and liver microsomes were prepared. The microsomes were incubated with varying concentrations of CPF and the production of the metabolites CPF-oxon and TCP were measured. The metabolism of CPF to the active oxon metabolite did not show significant changes following repeated nicotine treatments, evidenced by the unchanged pseudo first-order clearance rate of V max/K mapp. The V max describing the metabolism of CPF to the inactive metabolite, TCP was increased in 24-h postdosing groups, after both single and repeated treatments of nicotine. In contrast, the metabolism to TCP was unchanged in groups evaluated at 4 h (single or repeated) post nicotine dosing. Some basic marker substrate activities were also investigated to ensure that nicotine exerted effects on CYP450 activities. Total P450 reduced spectra were not altered by nicotine treatment, but marker substrate activities for CYP1A and CYP2E1 were increased at 24 h after the single treatment, and marker substrate activity for CYP2B was decreased 4 h after 7 d of treatment. Results of this in vitro study suggest that repeated nicotine exposure may result in altered metabolism of CPF. Future in vivo experiments based on these results need to be conducted to ascertain the impact of in vivo nicotine exposures on CPF metabolism in rats.
PRODUCTION OF DISPERSED MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN CARBIDE NANOSTRUCTURED CRYSTALLITES USING ULTRASONIC IRRADIATION

INTRODUCTION: Interstitial transition-metal compounds, such as molybdenum and tungsten carbide, have found several applications. Because of transition metal carbides great strength and durability, they have traditionally been used at extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. Their hardness has given them applications in cutting tools, golf shoe spikes and snow tires . The carbides of molybdenum and tungsten have been studied extensively for their significant catalytic activity. These compounds have shown great potential for use as commercial catalysts for hydrodenitrogenation (HDN). The excellent metal carbides make them desirable as potential nanofiller materials for polymer nanocomposites. We have used molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) and tungsten trioxide (WO3) as parent oxide materials for molybdenum carbide and tungsten carbide syntheses, respectively.
The Transcription Profile of Aleutian Mink Disease Virus in CRFK Cells Is Generated by Alternative Processing of Pre-mRNAs Produced from a Single Promoter

ABSTRACT A reevaluation of the transcription profile of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (AMDV)-infected CRFK cells at either 32°C or 37°C has determined that strain AMDV-G encodes six species of mRNAs produced by alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation of a pre-mRNA generated by a single promoter at the left end of the genome. Three different splicing patterns are used, and each type is found polyadenylated at either the 3′ end of the genome (the distal site) or at a site in the center of the genome (the proximal site). All spliced species accumulate similarly over the course of infection, with the R2 RNA predominant throughout. The R2 RNA, which contains and can express the NS2 coding region, encodes the viral capsid proteins VP1 and VP2.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL STUDY ON SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF CAROTENE FROM CARROT

Carotenoids are known as provitamin A, while there is an increasing interest in their role as an antioxidants. Anti-cancer activity and other health benefits provided by β-carotene include the protection against cardiovasc ular disease and cataract prevention, Carrots are one of the best sources of β-carotene. In this paper we have studied the influe nce of particle size, temperature, solvents, solid is to solvent ratio and extraction time on the extraction yield of β-carotene, and verification of different models and rate kinetics to establish the extraction mechanism. Ethanol, pet ether, ethyl acetate & n-hexane are us ed as solvent and carrot of cubes of equivalent dia meter of 1.077±0.134 cm, 0.801±0.1078 cm & 0.508±. 0456cm are used for solven t ratios from 1:5 to 1:60. Temperature was varied f rom 30 to 50 0 C. Experimental results better fitted in power law mod el than Peleg model also it obey Pseudo second orde r kinetic & Intraparticle diffusion model. Extent of color extraction is esta blished by Hunter Lab colorimeter.
Psychiatrists' perspective is insufficient to root out racism

EDITOR—Minnis et al in their vignette based report claim that racial stereotyping that occurs at the first psychiatric interview is insufficient to account for the inequalities in diagnosis of schizophrenia between black and white men in the United Kingdom.1 Their findings are not surprising. What people say and what they do are often two quite separate things. Respondents may have consciously or subconsciously overcompensated for their prejudices in the current climate of sensitivity to racial issues and …
In Search of Concepts: The Effects of Speculative Demand on Returns and Volume

Using a novel proxy of investors' speculative demand constructed from online search interest in "concept stocks", we examine how speculative demand affects the returns and trading volume of Chinese stock indices. We find that returns and trading volume increase with the contemporaneous speculative demand. In addition, the high speculative demand causes lower near future returns, while recent high past returns cause the high speculative demand. Moreover, the speculative demand explains more variation in returns and trading volume of A shares (more populated by retail investors) than B shares (less populated by retail investors). Our findings support the attention theory of Barber and Odean (2008). Keywords: Investor Attention, Speculative Demand, Concept Stock, Market Returns, Trading Volume JEL: G02, G12, G14
The Valuation of Pro-Forma Free Cash Flows in an IPO Setting: The Case of Canadian Income Trusts

The Canadian income trust organizational structure allows operating entities to pass on free-cash flows to unit-holders in a tax-efficient manner. This paper examines the market valuation of pro forma disclosures of free cash flows, known as distributable cash, disclosed by these income trusts in IPO prospectuses and annual reports and assesses whether the market fixates inappropriately on this measure.We collect distributable cash disclosures for a sample of business trusts that undertook initial public offerings on the Toronto Stock Exchange between 1997 and 2006.We have several key findings. First, when focusing on a single performance measure, we find that distributable cash is a better predictor of IPO date trading values than is net income. Following the IPO distributable cash continues to be the best predictor of market value, out-performing both net income and dividends. Second, based on a Mishkin test, we find that the market does not fixate on distributable cash levels. Finally, though distributable cash does a good job of explaining price levels, we show it is incomplete. Special items, a component of net income that is excluded from distributable cash, is statistically significant when added to distributable cash. Similarly, net income can be very useful as a performance measure provided the researcher uses a more complex valuation mapping such as a returns format. In total, the results suggest that, for the flow-through entities we examine, distributable cash is a simple and useful disclosure that appears to be treated by the market as close to permanent earnings as defined in Ohlson (2009). The market is sophisticated in incorporating this disclosure. However, the superiority of one measure over another depends on the taste of the researcher for model complexity.
A novel kurtosis driven variable step-size adaptive algorithm

A new variable step-size LMS filter is introduced. The time-varying step-size sequence is adjusted, utilizing the kurtosis of the estimation error, therefore reducing performance degradation due to the existence of strong noise. The convergence properties of the algorithm are analyzed, and an adaptive kurtosis estimator that takes into account noise statistics and optimally adapts itself is also presented. Simulation results confirm the algorithm's improved performance and flexibility.
Testing Market Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from Developed Markets of Asia Pacific

According to efficient market hypothesis (EMH) the prices of stock should reflect all available information in the market and no investor is able to earn excess return on the basis of some secretly held private, public or historical information. Efficient market hypothesis (EMH) can be further divided into three sub hypotheses depending upon the information set involved and these are weak form efficient market hypothesis, semi strong form efficient market hypothesis and strong form efficient market hypothesis. This study has examined the weak form of efficiency on the seven major stock exchanges that are present in Asia-Pacific including Nikke N225 (Japan), Shanghai Composite (China), Kospi Composite (Korea), Hang Seng Index HIS (Hong Kong), All Ordinaries ASX (Australia), KSE-100 (Pakistan) and BSE SENEX (India). Historical index values were gathered on a monthly, weekly and daily basis for a period of 14 Years (July 1997 to June 2011). We have applied two statistical tests including runs test, and variance ratio test. It is found in the process that three out of seven developed stock markets of Asia Pacific doesn’t follow Random-walk and hence Nikke N225, Kospi Composite, Hang Seng Index HIS and All Ordinaries ASX stock exchanges are the weak form of efficient markets.
Luxury fashion consumption and Generation Y consumers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate Generation Y consumers’ luxury fashion consumption. Generation Y is becoming a very important segment for the luxury market in the USA. Specifically, this study is designed to investigate Generation Y consumers’ consumption of luxury fashion products from the following perspectives: the influence of self-related personality traits on their brand consciousness; and the influence of brand consciousness on consumption behaviours in terms of consumption motivations, purchase intention, and brand loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual model was developed to represent the proposed relationships among the related variables. An online survey was conducted and 305 valid surveys were collected. The proposed hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses. Findings – From the perspective of self-concept, this research shed some light on the luxury fashion consumption behaviour of Generation Y consumers. Public self-conscious.
Mergers and Beliefs

We study the combined effects of managerial optimism and market overvaluation on merger premiums and the chosen form of payment. Our empirical results are consistent with market overvaluation and the target manager‘s optimism as having the most influence on mergers. The observed form of payment corresponds to the acquiring manager‘s preferences, suggesting that the acquiring manager dictates the method of payment. Lastly, our model demonstrates why cash mergers are more likely to be hostile, and provides an explanation for why a combination of cash plus stock may be optimal.
Complement-mediated loss of endothelium-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary arteries. Role of the terminal membrane attack complex.

Reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium results in the loss of endothelium-dependent relaxation. We have shown recently that the alternate complement pathway is activated immediately on reperfusion of the ischemic porcine myocardium. We hypothesized that complement activation directly attenuates endothelium-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary arteries. Bradykinin (BK) or substance P concentration-dependently relaxed precontracted (U46619, 50 nmol/L) left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) rings in vitro. Addition of zymosan to human (10%) or porcine (10%) serum for 30 minutes significantly (P < 0.05) increased the EC50 of BK-induced LAD relaxation from 4 +/- 1 to 418 +/- 159 nmol/L (n = 8) and from 9 +/- 3 to 281 +/- 132 nmol/L (n = 7), respectively. Similarly, addition of zymosan to 10% human serum (HS) for 30 minutes increased the EC50 of substance P-induced LAD relaxation from 0.4 +/- 0.1 to 30 +/- 14 nmol/L (n = 9, P < .05). Basal release of nitric oxide was reduced significantly in LAD rings exposed to zymosan-activated HS compared with HS alone. Addition of soluble CR1 (sCR1, 10 nmol/L) to zymosan-activated HS preserved BK-induced relaxation (EC50) of the LAD rings (control, 4 +/- 1 nmol/L; sCR1 + zymosan+serum, 2 +/- 1 nmol/L; n = 6). Zymosan-activated C8-depleted HS (10%) did not attenuate the EC50 of BK-induced coronary artery relaxation (3 +/- 1 to 3 +/- 1 nmol/L, n = 7, P = NS). Zymosan-activated C8-depleted HS plus C8 (6 micrograms/mL) increased the EC50 of BK-induced coronary artery relaxation from 4 +/- 1 to 423 +/- 141 nmol/L (n = 12, P < .05). We have further demonstrated that C5b-9 complexes can be found on the luminal surface of LAD endothelial cells after 5 minutes of exposure to zymosan-activated HS by using C5b-9 reactive monoclonal antibody fluorescent immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aspects of Incomplete Stent Apposition

From the *Division Italy; yDivision o Brazil; zHarringto Center, Cleveland Foundation, Catan Medical, Inc. All o to the contents of Manuscript rece 2013, accepted Jan complete stent apposition (ISA) is characterized by the lack of contact of at least 1 stent strut with the vessel wall in a segment not overlying a side branch; it is more commonly found in drug-eluting stents than bare-metal stents. The accurate diagnosis of ISA, initially only possible with intravascular ultrasound, can currently be performed with higher accuracy by optical coherence tomography, which also enables strut-level assessment due to its higher axial resolution. Different circumstances related both to the index procedure and to vascular healing might influence ISA occurrence. Although several histopathology and clinical studies linked ISA to stent thrombosis, potential selection bias precluded definitive conclusions. Initial studies usually performed single time point assessments comparing overall ISA percentage and magnitude in different groups (i.e., stent type), thus hampering a comprehensive understanding of its relationship with vascular healing. Serial intravascular imaging studies that evaluated vascular response heterogeneity recently helped fill this gap. Some particular clinical scenarios such as acute coronary syndromes, bifurcations, tapered vessels, overlapping stents, and chronic total occlusions might predispose to ISA. Interventional cardiologists should be committed to optimal stent choices and techniques of implantation and use intravascular imaging guidance when appropriate to aim at minimizing acute ISA. In addition, the active search for new stent platforms that could accommodate vessel remodeling over time (i.e., self-expandable stents) and for new polymers and/or eluting drugs that could induce less inflammation (hence, less positive remodeling) could ultimately reduce the occurrence of ISA and its potentially harmful consequences. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;63:1355–67) a 2014 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
Thermal comfort index, physiological variables and performance of quails fed with protein reduction

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of environment and electrolyte balance on environmental, physiological and productive indices of Japanese quails. For the experiment, 288 quails were distributed in a randomized block design with six treatments and six replicates of eight birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of one basal feed with 20.0% of crude protein (CP) and the others with a reduction of 3.0% CP to achieve six electrolyte balance levels (166.54; 153.47; 139.63; 139.63; 117.13 and 166.49). As to the environment, there was an increase in air temperature and temperature-humidity index at the hottest hours of the day, causing discomfort to the birds, which increased respiratory rate, but with the maintenance of homeothermy. Differences were observed in feed consumption, water consumption, production, weight of eggs and mass of eggs, due to the electrolyte levels in the feed. For feed conversion, both per mass and per dozen of eggs, there was no statistical difference. The electrolyte balance and environmental indices at the hottest hours of the day did not affect quail production.
Cryogenic performance of a monolithic W-band amplifier using picosecond optoelectric technique

Cryogenic characterization of a monolithic W-band pseudomorphic InGaAs HEMT amplifier has been demonstrated for the first time using the picosecond optoelectronic technique. Low temperature, millimeter-wave measurements have been performed without the use of conventional millimeter-wave sources, components, and transitions. At 94 GHz, the single-state amplifier exhibits gain of 4.5 dB at 300 K, which increases to 7 dB at 70 K. <<ETX>>
The Contribution of d-Mannose, l-Fucose, N-Acetylglucosamine, and Selectin Residues on the Binding of Glycodelin Isoforms to Human Spermatozoa1

Abstract Previous data showed that glycodelin-A from amniotic fluid and glycodelin-F from follicular fluid inhibited sperm-zona pellucida binding. Solubilized zona pellucida reduced the binding of glycodelin-F to sperm extract dose dependently. This study demonstrated that the zona pellucida proteins also reduced the binding of glycodelin-A to sperm extract. Ionophore-induced acrosome reaction reduced the binding of iodinated glycodelin-A and -F to sperm, indicating that the glycodelin-binding sites are on the outer acrosomal membrane or on the sperm plasma membrane overlying the acrosome. While the binding of glycodelin-A to sperm was suppressed by mannose and fucose neoglycoproteins, that of glycodelin-F was also reduced by acetylglucosamine neoglycoprotein. Pretreatment of sperm with inhibitors of mannosidase and acetylglucosaminidase reduced the binding of glycodelin-F to sperm. On the other hand, inhibitor of mannosidase but not of acetylglucosaminidase inhibited the binding of glycodelin-A. In a competition binding assay, mannosidase reduced both glycodelin-A and -F binding whereas acetylglucosaminidase reduced only glycodelin-F binding. While fucosidase reduced the binding of both glycodelins, fucosidase inhibitor was marginally active in suppressing the binding of glycodelins to human sperm. Among the selectins tested, only E-selectin had a slight inhibitory effect on the binding of glycodelin-A to sperm. The binding of glycodelin-F was unaffected by selectins and their antibodies. In conclusion, the binding of glycodelin-A to sperm involves mannose, fucose, and possibly E- selectin residues, while that of glycodelin-F involves mannose, fucose, and N-acetylglucosamine but not the selectin residue.
Determinants of the Pricing of Privatization IPOs in the UK and Australia

We examine the initial and long run performance and the determinants of underpricing of privatization IPOs in Australia and the United Kingdom. We include additional traditional variables from the privately owned IPO literature not used in other privatization studies and introduce three new variables specific to privatization. Although the process, characteristics and objectives of the privatization programs are similar, the results indicate that Australian privatization are significantly underpriced less, whereas U.K. privatization are underpriced significantly more, than IPOs of privately owned companies. Over the long term, Australian privatization insignificantly outperforms the market and performs significantly better than IPOs of privately owned companies. U.K. privatization significantly under-perform in the first year of listing but significantly outperform over three and five years. The cross sectional analysis supports ex ante uncertainty, signalling models, and the government's objective of wider share ownership.
In vitro antibacterial activity of some systemic and topical antihistaminic preparations.

PURPOSE In vitro antibacterial activity of topical and systemic antihistaminic preparations containing different active substrates against the standard strains of two bacteria was evaluated. METHODS Four topical and 3 systemic preparations containing pheniramine maleate, chlorophenoxamine hydrochloride, and diphenhydramine hydrochloride were studied. The antibacterial activities of these preparations against strains of S. aureus (American Type Culture Collection, ATCC 29213) and S. epidermidis (ATCC 25212) were tested using the disc diffusion method. In addition, the Minimal Innhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of parenteral preparations for these two bacteria were determined. RESULTS Pheniramine maleate-topical and pheniramine maleate-systemic had no activity against bacteria, but the others showed various rates of activity. Chlorophenoxamine hydrochloride-topical and chlorophenoxamine hydrochloride-systemic were the most effective (P < 0.05). Despite the same active substrate content, diphenhydramine hydrochloride-topical-1 and diphenhydramine hydrochloride-topical-2 yielded different results when they were compared with each other or with the other preparations. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride-topical-2 had a relatively higher rate of activity than diphenhydramine hydrochloride-topical-1. Inhibition zone diameters were 16.9+/-1.5 mm 12.3+/-0.5 mm for S . aureus, 17.4+/-1.0 mm 0 mm for S . epidermidis respectively (P < 0.05). MIC values of parenteral preparations were equal to or above 125 ? g/ml. CONCLUSION MIC values of parenteral preparations were higher than their blood levels in clinical use. Thus, effects of parenteral preparations may not have been reflected in routine clinical practice. However, topical forms have antibacterial activity due to additive substrates and the use of high concentration levels at the site of application. Therefore, in selection of topical forms for appropriate cases, these effects should also be taken into consideration. The antibacterial activity of topical antihistaminic preparations may be useful in certain dermatological pathology.