Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrusive Traumatic Childhood Memories in Depression: A Comparison Between Depressed, Recovered and Never Depressed Women

The extent of intrusive traumatic memories of upsetting childhood experiences was investigated in independent samples of female subjects: out-patients with a primary diagnosis of unipolar major depression, women recovered from clinical depression, and healthy controls who had never experienced major depression. Subjects completed self-report questionnaires to measure levels of depression, and intrusive memories of traumatic childhood events. There were no differences between the groups in whether or not they experienced intrusive memories, but severity of intrusions varied significantly. The depressed sample reported significantly more intrusion and avoidance than the recovered or control groups, and the recovered sample reported normal levels of intrusion but higher levels of avoidance of traumatic memories than controls. Severely depressed subjects reported significantly higher levels of intrusion and avoidance than moderately depressed subjects. Implications for psychological models and for the treatment of depression are discussed.
Proceedings of LFG08

This paper presents results from a corpus investigation of written Swedish and Danish. The results show that pronominal objects with clausal or VP antecedents appear relatively more seldom before sentence adverbials, i.e. are more seldom shifted, than referents with NP antecedents. I argue that this is due to a difference in cognitive status (cf. Gundel, Hedberg & Zacharski 1993), where pronouns with clausal or VP antecedents that appear in +FACTIVE environments and pronouns with NP antecedents are easier to process, which licenses object shift as well as an unstressed pronunciation. Pronominal objects with clausal or VP antecedents in –FACTIVE environments are harder to process and appear after sentence adverbials. For the LFG architecture the relation between cognitive status and information packaging gives rise to the need for a more fine grained value of the i-structure ACTVN feature introduced by O’Connor (2006). The paper also raises the question on whether research about the underlying mechanisms of object shift should be limited to two syntactic positions, i.e. object placement in relation to the sentence adverbial. Preliminary results show that the initial position in V2 clauses also need be investigated. 1 What is pronominal object shift? The Scandinavian languages are similar in many respects. Their mutual history has resulted in the lexicon and the syntactic structures being very similar. These similarities provide an environment where the study of the differences come to resemble a laboratory situation, and the variation can be studied in the backdrop of the major part of the grammatical system being constant. This paper deals with one of these small syntactic differences, namely pronominal object shift. Object shift is a phenomenon that has attracted the interest of many linguists over the years and it is consequently well described in the literature, just a few examples are: Holmberg (1986, 1999), Hellan & Platzack (1995), Josefsson (1992; 2003), Sells (2001), Svenonius (2002) and Vikner (1994, 1997). Holmberg’s generalization (Holmberg 1986; 1999) says that pronominal objects in the Scandinavian languages normally appear before sentence adverbials, see example (1a) where honom/ham appear before the sentential negation inte/ikke. This position will be called shifted throughout this paper. It is only possible for a pronominal object to appear in the shifted position when the lexical verb is in the V2 position, see the ungrammatical (1b) where the lexical verb sett/sedt is in VP. (1) a. Agnes Agnes Agnes såg så see-PST honom ham him inte. ikke. not [SW] [DA] ‘Agnes didn’t see him. ’ † I thank the audience of LFG08 at the University of Sydney, in particular George Aaron Broadwell, the colleagues at the University of Aarhus and at the NORMS Grand Meeting, Kersti Börjars and Elisabet Engdahl for helpful comments.
INTRODUCING CONDITIONAL ARRAY FORMULAS IN SPREADSHEET CLASSES

Reasons for spreadsheet-errors are many folded. One of the main reasons for these errors that spreadsheet applications are mainly designed for end-users who are not specified in programming, however companies issuing the newer and newer versions of their programs tend not to take into consideration this fact. Instead of making these applications more “end-user-safe”, they introduce novel functions with names and lists of arguments which cause difficulties for the non-professional end-users to apply. The other problem with these sprouting new functions is that they are not necessarily compatible with their predecessors. One of the categories of functions which keeps growing in size is the set of the built-in conditional functions. However, substituting these functions with conditional single-result array formulas would make the introduction of new functions unnecessary, would increase the end-users’ confidence, less their uncertainty, and consequently, their errors, and last but not least they are proved to be extremely flexible. The method of introducing these array formulas was tested on high school and university students. Results clearly indicate that the method is easily applicable and a remarkable improvement was detected in the work of the students
Process-Tracing Methods: Foundations and Guidelines

Process-tracing in social science is a method for studying causal mechanisms linking causes with outcomes. This enables the researcher to make strong inferences about how a cause (or set of causes) contributes to producing an outcome. Derek Beach and Rasmus Brun Pedersen introduce a refined definition of process-tracing, differentiating it into three distinct variants and explaining the applications and limitations of each. The authors develop the underlying logic of process-tracing, including how one should understand causal mechanisms and how Bayesian logic enables strong within-case inferences. They provide instructions for identifying the variant of process-tracing most appropriate for the research question at hand and a set of guidelines for each stage of the research process.
Identifying with an avatar: A multidisciplinary perspective

Avatars perform a complex range of inter-related functions. They not only allow us to express a digital identity, they facilitate the expression of physical motility and, through non-verbal expression, help to mediate social interaction in networked environments. When well designed, they can contribute to a sense of “presence” (a sense of being there) and a sense of “co-presence” (a sense of being there with others) in digital space. Because of this complexity, the study of avatars can be enriched by theoretical insights from a range of disciplines. This paper considers avatars from the perspectives of critical theory, visual communication, and art theory (on portraiture) to help elucidate the role of avatars as an expression of identity. It goes on to argue that identification with an avatar is also produced through their expression of motility and discusses the benefits of film theory for explaining this process. Conceding the limits of this approach, the paper draws on philosophies of body image, Human Computer Interaction (HCI) theory on embodied interaction, and fields as diverse as dance to explain the sense of identification, immersion, presence and co-presence that avatars can produce.
End To End

In 2009, when Lonza made a bid to acquire Patheon, a contract manufacturer of drugs in final dosage form, industry watchers shook their heads and said, “Nope. ” Such an acquisition didn’t make sense, given the fundamental differences between Lonza’s main business, the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and Patheon’s production of finished drugs. Many viewed it as a step too far in a trend, heating up at the time, of API manufacturers adding service components to their business via acquisition. And, sure enough, the deal fell through. Last November, however, a successful deal was struck between Patheon and the Dutch chemical company DSM. The two formed a new firm, DPx, consisting of DSM Fine Chemicals, Patheon, and Banner Life Sciences, a manufacturer of over-the-counter drugs that Patheon acquired in 2012. The combination seems less surprising than when Lonza proposed its version of it four years ago. Any eyebrows raised .
A File Aggregation Scheme for FLUTE

This document introduces a logical and physical file aggregation scheme for File Delivery over Unidirectional Transport (FLUTE). The logical file aggregation mechanism is a generalized grouping mechanism, allowing to logically group files. The physical file aggregation scheme allows, additionally to a logical grouping, to more efficiently use Forward Error Correction (FEC) in the context of FLUTE, in particular when dealing with a large number of "small" files. Unlike a solution based on the creation of an archive, the object aggregation scheme (1) avoids the need to perform preliminary transformations on the content and (2) preserves the possibility to extract a subset of the content, which may be critical aspect with some partially reliable broadcasting test cases.
Effectiveness of Active Learning Approach in Teaching English Language of Standard IX Students

The present study aims to compare Active Learning Approach and tradition method of teaching. 200 students of English medium school were the sample of the study. Two equivalent group pre test post test experimental design was used. It was found that Active Learning Approach had been more effective than Conventional Approach. Key words: Active Learning Approach, Standard IX students, English subject
A comparative analysis of a Tabu Search and a Genetic Algorithm for solving a University Course Timetabling Problem

This work implements a Tabu search (TS) algorithm for solving an instance of the University Course Timetabling Problem (UCTP). The algorithm is com- pared to a Genetic algorithm (GA) implemented by Yamazaki and Pertoft (2014) that solves the same instance. The purpose of the work is to explore how the approaches dier for this particular instance, and specifically inves- tigate whether a TS algorithm alone is sucient, considering the small size of the UCTP instance. The TS was based on the OpenTS library (Harder, 2001) and reuses parts from Yamazaki and Pertoft’s (2014) GA. The results show that the TS alone is too slow. Even in a small instance of the UCTP, the search space is too big for the TS to be fast. This confirms the state of the art, that a combination of TS and GA would perform better than either of them individually. Further improvements on the TS would involve reducing the number of moves generated each iteration.
On the Use of SCTP in Failover-Scenarios

The new general purpose transport protocol SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) has been developed for transport of signaling data, such as Signaling System No. 7 MTP level 2 or 3 user primitives, over IP networks. Since this application has especially high requirements towards the underlying transport protocol concerning reliability and fast recognition and recovery from failures, SCTP-based transmission must provide a high degree of network level fault tolerance. In our contribution we look at a typical link failure scenario in a multi-homed setup, and investigate two options for fast recovery from such an event, namely seamless SCTP switch-over, and a user level switch-over as has been suggested for the MTP Level 2 peer adaptation layer. Moreover, we will analyze necessary parameter settings for fast recovery from the failure situation. 1
Science practical work instructional technologies and open distance learning in science teacher training: A case study in Zimbabwe

The practical work component offers unique challenges for university science courses. This is even more pertinent in an Open and Distance Learning (ODL) environment like the Bindura University of Science Education’s Virtual and Open Distance Learning (VODL) programme. Effective ODL education should be flexible enough to accommodate science disciplines with practical components. The main challenges with practical work in ODL are that students are geographically scattered and that they come from very different educational backgrounds. In spite of these constraints, there is an equivalence motive as justification for compulsory practical work as a means to put degrees and diplomas in science education awarded through ODL programmes on the same level of achievement as those offered conventionally as they should equally develop practical scientific inquiry and problem solving skills. This Case Study evaluates the use of instructional technologies for science practical work, adopting Kumar et al (2005)’s five-stage model. The research revealed that although lecturers place great value on practical work, in practice they prefer using lecture notes and internet downloads more than other instructional technologies. Research participants do not use online tutoring at all though the philosophy of VODL requires the use of such technologies that support student-centred learning.
An evaluation of programmer/analyst workstations

Very few automated tools were available to support software requirements analysis and design even though improvements in quality during these phases appear to offer the greatest leverage for improving the quality and productivity of the overall software development process. Recently, however, some such tools have appeared on the market. An industry survey, and an in-house evaluation of two commercial products by programmers and analysts was undertaken to determine which tool is the best to support programmers and analysts through life cycle development. A tool was selected for full implementation on a project, where complete analysis of software statistics over the system life cycle will determine whether or not quality and productivity improvements have actually occurred. The results of the industry survey and in-house evaluation are summarized.
User-Centered Translation

1. Introduction: A Proposal for a User-Centered Model of Translation 2. Usability and User Experience 3. Users and Using Texts 4 Textual Elements of Usability 5. Mental Models of the User 6. Usability Heuristics and Translation 7. Empirical Usability Methods 8. Reception Research in Translation Studies 9. User-Centered Translation in the Translation Industry 10. Conclusion
Pembuatan Ensiklopedia Digital Jenis-Jenis Pekerjaan untuk Anak SD Kelas IV

Ensiklopedia merupakan sumber pengetahuan yang begitu menarik dan menambah pengetahuan. Ensiklopedia yang biasanya berupa buku sekarang dapat berupa media digital. Dengan adanya ensiklopedia digital, dapat menarik minat anak-anak untuk mengetahui sumber yang tidak terdapat dalam buku yang diajarkan di sekolah. Pada saat ini, anak-anak kelas 4 SD telah mendapat materi pelajaran IPS mengenal jenis-jenis pekerjaan. Mengenal jenis-jenis pekerjaan sangat penting untuk mendukung sosialisasi dengan lingkungan di sekitarnya karena pada akhirnya semua orang akan bekerja saat dewasa nanti. Dari masalah tersebut, maka dibuatlah aplikasi multimedia yang dapat mengenalkan jenis-jenis pekerjaan yang ada di Indonesia. Pembuatan aplikasi diawali dengan melakukan analisis dengan target audience yang merupakan anak-anak kelas 4 SD. Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui permasalahan dan kebutuhan apa saja yang diperlukan untuk dapat merancang desain aplikasi. Pada aplikasi ensiklopedia, perancangan desain meliputi materi, screen, gambar, dan audio. Desain yang dibuat kemudian diimplementasikan meliputi screen, gambar, program, animasi 2D, dan permainan. Hasil akhir dari aplikasi ini dapat digunakan pada perangkat android. Setelah tahap implementasi, tahap uji coba dilakukan dengan cara verifikasi dan validasi. Dari semua tahapan yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa aplikasi ensiklopedia jenis-jenis pekerjaan ini mudah digunakan dan dipahami oleh anak-anak.
Measures of reading comprehension: The effects of text type and time limits on students' performance

Although the importance of reading comprehension is generally recognized, a better understanding of the factors influencing measurement of reading comprehension may impact the ability to assess strengths and deficits. The current study examined the effects of text type and time limits on the rate of students' performance across four common assessments of reading comprehension. Results showed similarities between performance with narrative and expository texts and across time limit conditions for all of the assessments. In terms of comparing across reading comprehension assessments, the findings are limited by the differences in the response channels and stimulus conditions of each assessment. The results have implications for the development of measurement systems and the assessment of reading comprehension.
Imaginative Consciousness — Function, Process and Method

The literature on imagination fails frequently to distinguish process from function and the variations in methods that researchers use can compound the problems of accurately inferring process from the data. It is necessary to examine closely what processes and functions are, in fact, implicated by the evidence and what is the contribution to the data of using particular methods of assessment. Specific sets of procedures in the field are examined to demonstrate this point and special attention paid to the relevance of treatment-person interactions for understanding the full complexity of imagery functioning. The development of new procedures that focus on the diagnostics of the communications which subjects make about their experiences is needed to recognize this complexity. Aiming toward such a goal, one particular method is outlined that appears to usefully reveal imaginative phenomena in richer detail.
Risky play in Icelandic preschools

The purpose of this qualitative research was to determine whether the outdoor play areas in Icelandic preschools provide children with opportunities for risky play. Further to this the attitudes, perspectives and approaches that preschool teachers have towards risky play were explored. The final goal was to find out whether preschool teachers in Iceland encourage or hinder children s risky play activities. It is hoped that this research will provide more information on the situation of risky play in Icelandic preschools and raise awareness to the importance of such play. Photographs were taken of six preschool play areas, three in an urban area and three in a rural area of North Iceland to assist during data analysis. Drawings of the photographs were included to assist the reader get a clearer picture of the play features. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews, using open-ended questions, were chosen as the method to collect data from twelve preschool teachers. The results of this research show that overall play areas in Icelandic preschools offer some opportunities for risky play, especially climbing. However, these opportunities are limited due to the equipment only providing minimum risk and the preschool teachers’ perspectives and approaches to risky play. The research also found that the majority of preschool teachers in Iceland do not have a clear understanding of risky play, believing it is only climbing or rough and tumble play. Risky play in Icelandic preschools is, in many cases, controlled by the preschool teachers’ perception of risk. Many preschool teachers believe that changes are needed to ensure risky play is available in preschools. These changes include: more natural features in play areas and raising awareness among preschool staff and health and safety officials. A few preschool teachers expressed concern about strict rules regarding play features and felt that they no long had control over children’s play activities.
Psycholinguistic and cognitive inquiries into translation and interpreting

1. Acknowledgments 2. Part I: Psycholinguistic and cognitive intersections in translation and interpreting 3. The position of psycholinguistic and cognitive science in translation and interpreting: An introduction (by Ferreira, Aline) 4. Translation process research at the interface: Paradigmatic, theoretical, and methodological issues in dialogue with cognitive science, expertise studies, and psycholinguistics (by Alves, Fabio) 5. The contributions of cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics to conference interpreting: A critical analysis (by Gile, Daniel) 6. Part II: Studies from psycholinguistic and cognitive perspectives 7. Discourse comprehension in simultaneous interpreting: The role of expertise and redundancy (by Hild, Adelina) 8. Simultaneous interpreting and working memory capacity (by Timarova, Sarka) 9. Process and text studies of a translation problem (by Vandepitte, Sonia) 10. Post-editing machine translation: A usability test for professional translation settings (by Carl, Michael) 11. On a more robust approach to triangulating retrospective protocols: and key logging in translation process research (by da Silva, Igor Antonio Lourenco) 12. About the contributors 13. Index
Attacks on Privacy-Preserving Biometric Authentication

Biometric authentication based on facial image, fingerprint, palm print, iris, retina, or veins are becoming increasingly popular. However, compromised biometric templates, indeed, may lead to serious threats to identity and their inherent irrevocability makes this risk even more serious. Because of such serious privacy implications the need for privacypreserving biometric authentication protocols is of utmost importance. Recently, Yasuda et al. [1, 2] proposed two efficient privacy-preserving biometric authentication using packed homomorphic encryption based on ideal lattices and on ring learning with error. We review these protocols and analyse their security against malicious internal adversaries. Yasuda et al. [1, 2] have proposed two packed homomorphic encryption schemes based, respectively, on ideal lattices and on ring-LWE (ring-learning-with-errors). Let vE1p q be the type 1 packed encryption, and vE2p q the type 2 packed encryption. Let A and B be bitstrings of length N . Then, ctH “ CvE1pAq`C vE2pBq 2vE1pAqvE2pBq corresponds to an encryption of the Hamming distance between A and B, for suitable chosen constants C and C 1. In particular, vE1pAqvE2pBq provides an encryption of the inner product between A and B. Both protocols involve three entities (a client server C, a computation server CS and an authentication server AS) and are composed of three phases: – Setup Phase: AS generates the public key pk and the secret key sk for the SHE schemes, and distributes only pk to both C and CS. – Enrolment Phase: C generates a feature vector A from the client’s biometric readings, computes vE1pAq, and sends it with client’s ID to CS, who then stores vE1pAq and ID in its database DB. – Authentication Phase: C generates a feature vector B from the client’s fresh biometric readings, computes vE2pBq, and sends it with the client’s ID to CS. Then, CS retrieves the template vE1pAq corresponding to ID from DB, computes ctHand sends ctH to AS. Subsequently, AS decrypts ctH with the secret key sk to obtain the Hamming distance HDpA,Bq. Finally, AS returns the authentication result YES (resp. NO) to C if HDpA,Bq ď τ (resp., otherwise), where τ is a pre-defined threshold. We briefly describe the attack algorithms that could be employed when C (Algorithm 1) and CS (Algorithm 2) are malicious. Note that Algorithm 1 can also be employed by a compromised CS. In the attack algorithm descriptions, C A ÝN CS denotes C sends A to CS. Algorithm 1 Center search attack Input: B “ B1, , BN (fresh) Output: A “ A1, , AN (reference) for i “ 1 to N : do D Ð Ď B1, . , Ď Bi, Bi`1, . , BN C vE2pDq ÝÝÝÝN CS CS ctH ÝÝN AS