Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptual Versus Procedural Software Training for Graphical User Interfaces: A Longitudinal Field Experiment

Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are rapidly becoming ubiquitous in organizations. Most of what we know about software training comes from studies of command line interfaces. This paper compares concept-based versus procedure-based content of training materials. Concept-based materials define the nature and associations of the objects in the interface, while procedure-based materials define how specific tasks are carried out. This comparison was done using a field experiement. Eighty-two volunteers participated in a three-week Windows training program and completed a follow-up questionnaire seven months later. The results show that the amount learned in such sessions is a function of neither concept-based nor procedure-based training. GUI training should provide both kinds of information because trainees need to learn both. In addition, trainers should be aware of an apparent early pateau in learning of the Windows GUI.
Cinnamophilin offers prolonged neuroprotection against gray and white matter damage and improves functional and electrophysiological outcomes after transient focal cerebral ischemia*

Objective:We have previously shown that cinnamophilin ([8R, 8′S]-4, 4′-dihydroxy-3, 3′-dimethoxy-7-oxo-8, 8′-neolignan) exhibited potent antioxidant, radical-scavenging, and anti-inflammatory actions and reduced acute ischemic brain damage, even when it was given up to 6 hrs postinsult. Here, we characterized the long-lasting neuroprotection of cinnamophilin against gray and white matter damage and its beneficial effects on electrophysiological and functional outcomes in a model of stroke. Design:Prospective laboratory animal study. Setting:Research laboratory in a university teaching hospital. Subjects:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (240–290 g). Interventions:Under controlled conditions of normoxia, normocarbia, and normothermia, spontaneously breathing, halothane-anesthetized (1.0–1.5%) rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 mins. Cinnamophilin (80 mg/kg) or vehicle was given intravenously at reperfusion onset. Measurements and Main Results:Physiological parameters, including arterial blood gases and cortical blood perfusion, somatosensory-evoked potentials, and neurobehavioral outcomes, were serially examined. Animals were euthanized at 7 days or 21 days postinsult. Gray matter and white matter (axonal and myelin) damage were then evaluated by quantitative histopathology and immunohistochemistry against phosphorylated component-H neurofilaments and myelin basic protein, respectively. After the follow-up period of 7 and 21 days, our results showed that cinnamophilin significantly decreased gray matter damage by 31.6% and 34.9% (p < .05, respectively) without notable adverse effects. Additionally, cinnamophilin effectively reduced axonal and myelin damage by 46.3–68.6% (p < .05) and 25.2–28.1% (p < .05), respectively. Furthermore, cinnamophilin not only improved the ipsilateral field potentials (p < .05, respectively), but also reduced the severity of contralateral electrophysiological diaschisis (p < .05). Consequently, cinnamophilin improved sensorimotor outcomes up to 21 days postinsult (p < .05, respectively). Conclusions:Administration with cinnamophilin provides long-lasting neuroprotection against gray and white matter damage and improves functional and electrophysiological outcomes after ischemic stroke. The results suggest a need for further studies to characterize the potential of cinnamophilin in the field of ischemic stroke.
PBSC Collection after High Dose Chemotherapy Followed by G-CSF in Patients with Malignancies: Analysis of Results regarding Factors Affecting the Yield of Hemopoietic Progenitors

High-dose non ablative chemotherapy followed by growth factors efficiently mobilizes and amplifies Pheripheral Blood stem Cells (PBSC). Cytofluorimetric PBSC monitoring reduces the number of leukapheresis needed to collect sufficient amounts of progenitors to restore hemopoiesis after myeloablative therapy. Twenty-eight patients, affected by lymphoproliferative disorders, were primed with non myeloablative chemotherapy followed by G-CSF 5 μg/kg/die subcutaneously, until leukapheresis. A total number of 90 leukaphereses was performed (median: 3 per patient) using blood cell separator CS 3000 Plus Baxter; we collected 1±0.8 x 108/kg mononuclear cells (MNC), 6±9 x 104/kg CFU-GM and 4±5 x 106 CD34+ cells for each procedure. The statistical analysis showed that the number of progenitors collected was dependent on the age, number and type of previous chemotherapies and interval between the last chemotherapy and the priming; the type of priming, type and status of disease, sex, and bone marrow involvement were not significant. Duration of neutropenia after megachemotherapy was very short; in two cases platelet support was necessary and only two patients needed hospitalization. Our experience shows that high-dose non ablative chemotherapy followed by G-CSF is safe and yields large amounts of PBSC; several factors influence the quality of collections mainly regarding age and the previous treatment.
The investigation of blood drug levels and course of acetaminophen poisoning due to application time

Background: Analgesics are reported to be responsible for 11.3% of the poisoning events in the 20 y data obtained from the Poison Counseling Centers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between epidemiological characteristics of patients, drug levels detected in acetaminophen poisoning and course of the disease due to timely, late admission and severity of intoxication. Method: Data of the patients admitted to emergency department of Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital between Jan 2013 and Dec 2015 were retrospectively analyzed with 142 (79 f/63 m) timely and 48 (29 f/19 m) late applicants. Liver enzymes, INR, platelets, venous blood gas and demographics of these two groups were evaluated. Results: The average acetaminophen value was 46.8 ± 55.1 in TA and 67.4 ± 60.1 in LA (p: 0.039; p<0.05). The average aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was 24.6 ± 22.2 in timely applicants while the average AST level was 101.7 ± 125.9 in late applicants (P: 0.00011). The average alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level was 22.6 ± 27.5 in timely applicants while it was 117.5 ± 146.8 in late applicants (P: 0.00012). There was no correlation relation among those. The mean INR value was 1.11 ± 0.26 in timely applicants while it was 1.08 ± 0.13 in late applicants (p: 0.471). Platelet level distribution was 273.6 ± 63.6 in timely applicants while it was 279.4 ± 69.9 in late applicants (p: 0.609). The venous blood gas pH value of timely applicants was 7.38 ± 0.053 whereas the venous blood gas pH value was 7.37 ± 0.0518 in late applicants (p: 0.43). There was a positive significant correlation between acetaminophen levels and blood gas pH value (p: 0.000001; r: 0.445). Conclusion: Late admission of the patient who has been admitted to emergency services due to acetaminophen poisoning is related to higher levels of acetaminophen, higher hospitalization rates, and lower discharge rates. It is useful to apply more careful and concerned approach to the patients especially if they apply late, and it will contribute to the treatment of patients.
Evaporative cooling of a guided rubidium atomic beam (9 pages)

We report on our recent progress in the manipulation and cooling of a magnetically guided, high-flux beam of {sup 87}Rb atoms. Typically, 7x10{sup 9} atoms per second propagate in a magnetic guide providing a transverse gradient of 800 G/cm, with a temperature {approx}550 {mu}K, at an initial velocity of 90 cm/s. The atoms are subsequently slowed down to {approx}60 cm/s using an upward slope. The relatively high collision rate (5 s{sup -1}) allows us to start forced evaporative cooling of the beam, leading to a reduction of the beam temperature by a factor of 4, and a tenfold increase of the on-axis phase-space density.
Performance decrements with high-intensity resistance exercise overtraining.

The purpose of this investigation was to study a high-intensity resistance exercise overtraining protocol resulting in muscular strength decrements. Seventeen weight-trained males were divided into an overtraining group (OT; N = 11; mean +/- SE, age = 22.0 +/- 0.9 yr,) that exercised on a squat machine daily for 2 wk with 100% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) relative intensity, and a control group (CON; N = 6; age = 23.7 +/- 2.4 yr) that exercised 1 d.wk-1 with low intensity (50% 1 RM). Test batteries were conducted at the beginning (test 1), after 1 wk (test 2), and after 2 wk (test 3) of the study. One RM performance significantly decreased from test 1 to test 3 (P < 0.05) for the OT group (mean = -12.2 +/- 3.8 kg), but not the CON group (mean = -1.1 +/- 0.8 kg). Isokinetic and stimulated isometric muscle force significantly decreased for the OT group compared with the CON group by test 3. The primary site of maladaptation appeared to be in the periphery as indicated by changes in stimulated force, circulating CK activity, and exercise-induced lactate responses. This protocol produced a significant decrease in 1 RM performance, thus providing a model for the study of short-term, high-intensity resistance exercise overtraining.
Reflections on the Journal of Applied Psychology for 2009 to 2014: Infrastructure, Operations, Innovations, Impact, Evolution, and Desirable Directions

In this reflection on my experiences as editor of the Journal of Applied Psychology, I consider 6 foci including (a) information on the background, infrastructure, and mechanics of running this top-tier journal; (b) statistics on journal operations across the 7 years of editorial activity (i.e., incoming plus 6 years on the masthead); (c) innovations that my senior editorial team introduced (i.e., transparency via supplemental materials, revival of monographs, initiation of integrative conceptual reviews); (d) impact and influence with respect to articles, authors, and institutions; (e) latent sematic analysis findings to illustrate the evolution and change of journal content over a 33-year comparison period (i.e., it has evolved substantially); and desirable directions for future evolution of the journal (i.e., strengthen our scientific foundation, increase multidisciplinary linkages, focus on multilevel system dynamics as core capabilities, and improve the translation of industrial and organizational science to evidence-based practice and vice versa).
Evidence for vortex pinning induced by fluctuations in the transition temperature of MgB2 superconductors

The field-dependent critical current density ${j}_{c}(B)$ of a ${\mathrm{MgB}}_{2}$ bulk sample has been obtained using magnetic measurements. The ${j}_{c}(B)$ curves at different temperatures demonstrate a crossover from single vortex pinning to small-bundle vortex pinning, when the field is larger than the crossover field ${B}_{\mathrm{sb}}. $ The temperature dependence of ${B}_{\mathrm{sb}}(T)$ is in agreement with a model of randomly distributed weak pinning centers via the spatial fluctuations of the transition temperature $(\ensuremath{\delta}{T}_{c}$ pinning), while pinning due to the mean-free-path fluctuations $(\ensuremath{\delta}l$ pinning) is not observed.
Impairments in Social Cognition Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to physical, neuropsychological, and emotional deficits that interfere with the individual's capacity to return to his or her former lifestyle. This review focuses on social cognition, that is, the capacity to attend to, recognize and interpret interpersonal cues that guide social behavior. Social cognition entails “hot” processes, that is, emotion perception and emotional empathy and “cold” processes, that is, the ability to infer the beliefs, feelings, and intentions of others (theory of mind: ToM) to see their point of view (cognitive empathy) and what they mean when communicating (pragmatic inference). This review critically examines research attesting to deficits in each of these domains and also examines evidence for theorized mechanisms including specific neural networks, the role of simulation, and non-social cognition. Current research is hampered by small, heterogeneous samples and the inherent complexity of TBI pathology. Nevertheless, there is evidence that facets of social cognition are impaired in this population. New assessment tools to measure social cognition following TBI are required that predict everyday social functioning. In addition, research into remediation needs to be guided by the growing empirical base for understanding social cognition that may yet reveal how deficits dissociate following TBI. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–16)
Effect of Ccapsaicin on tNOX (ENOX2) protein expression in stomach cancer cells

Tumor‐associated NADHoxidase (tNOX, also known as ENOX2) is a growth‐related protein expressed in transformed cells. Previous reports have revealed that the inhibition of tNOX activity by the anti‐cancer drug, capsaicin, correlates with a reduction in growth of cancer cells, indicating a close relationship between tNOX activity and cell growth. Moreover, the study of depleted tNOX expression by RNA interference in HeLa cells suggests that it may be associated with the ability of tumor cells to acquire an aggressive phenotype, particularly in relation to cell proliferation. A key role for tNOX in regulating cell growth is further supported by the observation that the growth rate of MEF cells from tNOX‐overexpressing transgenic mice is approximately two‐fold greater than that of wild‐type cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti‐proliferative effect of capsaicin on tNOX expression level in stomach cancer cells. We showed that capsaicin induced cytotoxicity in SCM cells concomitantly with apoptosis, PARP cleavage, and down‐regulation of tNOX protein.
Sonication of Explanted Prosthetic Components in Bags for Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection Is Associated with Risk of Contamination

ABSTRACT Explanted orthopedic implants from 54 patients with aseptic failure and 24 patients with prosthetic knee or hip infection were sonicated in polyethylene bags. The sensitivities of periprosthetic tissue and sonicate fluid cultures for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection were 54% and 75%, whereas the specificities were 98% and 87%, respectively. Sonication in bags improved bacterial recovery from the surface of orthopedic implants; however, it lacked specificity, due to bag leakage.
Serosurvey of Free-ranging Amur Tigers in the Russian Far East

Wild Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica, n=44) from the Russian Far East were tested for antibodies to feline leukemia virus, feline corona virus (FCoV), feline immunodeficiency virus, feline parvovirus (FPV), canine distemper virus (CDV), Toxoplasma gondii, and Bartonella henselae. Antibodies to FCoV, CDV, FPV, and T. gondii were detected in 43, 15, 68, and 42% of tigers, respectively. No differences were detected in antibody prevalence estimates between tigers captured as part of a research program and those captured to mitigate human-tiger conflicts. Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) were tested as a potential source for CDV; 16% were vaccinated against CDV and 58% of unvaccinated dogs were antibody positive for CDV. A high percentage of tigers were exposed to potential pathogens that could affect the survival of this species. We recommend continued monitoring of wild tigers throughout Asia, development of standardized sampling and postmortem examination procedures, and additional research to better understand potential domestic and wild animal sources for these pathogens.
Ambulatory blood pressure in children: confidence and wisdom.

B lood pressure (BP) measurement in a clinical setting has been the general recommendation for the diagnosis of hypertension in children and adolescents. This is based on the assumption that the brief but controlled measurement of BP made in the traditional clinical setting predicts the long-term effects of hypertension. Although office BP should be used as a reference, ambulatory BP monitoring is now increasingly recognized as being indispensable to the diagnosis and management of hypertension [1,2]. It has contributed significantly to revealing or ‘unmasking’ BP phenomena that were not readily apparent using office BP. These have included the dipping and nondipping patterns of nocturnal BP, white-coat and masked hypertension. From the beginning of the use of ambulatory BP, a logical approach was to search for the relationship between ambulatory and office BP values. A positive correlation was observed between ambulatory and office BP for both SBP and DBP in normotensive children, even though ambulatory BP values were generally higher than their office BP counterparts [3]. The higher ambulatory BP in normotensive children was reversed when monitoring hypertensive children. This behaviour seemed to be similar to that observed in the adult population in which the ambulatory BP of normotensive individuals was usually higher than their office BP, in contrast with hypertensive patients [4]. The differences between office and ambulatory BP in normotensive children were attributed, at least in part, to certain factors such as physical activity and the different method of measuring BP. The office BP readings were obtained after a period of rest in a relaxed environment, while in contrast an active lifestyle was permitted during ambulatory BP recordings. In addition, when ambulatory BP was measured with an oscillometric device, an overestimation of BP values, as
The Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Vasopressin During Experimental Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Exogenous vasopressin is a promising vasopressor when blood pressure is critically threatened, but the role of endogenous vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is unknown. We assessed the role of endogenous versus exogenous vasopressin in a porcine open chest CPR model. Seven minutes before induction of cardiac arrest, seven pigs received 10 &mgr;g/kg of a selective vasopressin V1-receptor-antagonist (Blocked Vasopressin group); another 12 pigs in two groups received saline administration only. After 4 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation followed by 3 min of basic life support CPR, six animals received 0.8 U/kg vasopressin (Exogenous Vasopressin group), whereas the blocked vasopressin group (n = 7), and the remaining six animals received saline placebo only (Endogenous Vasopressin group). Defibrillation was attempted after 14 min of CPR. During basic life support CPR, left ventricular myocardial blood flow was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the Blocked Vasopressin group compared with the Exogenous Vasopressin group and Endogenous Vasopressin group (42 ± 5 compared with 64 ± 6 and 66 ± 6 mL · min−1 · 100g−1). Left ventricular myocardial blood flow was significantly decreased in the Blocked Vasopressin group versus Exogenous Vasopressin group versus Endogenous Vasopressin group 90 s and 5 min after drug administration, respectively (38 ± 4 and 27 ± 3 vs 145 ± 32 and 110 ± 12 vs 62 ± 4 and 56 ± 6 mL · min−1 · 100g−1, respectively). None of seven Blocked Vasopressin animals, six of six Exogenous Vasopressin pigs, and six of six Endogenous Vasopressin swine had return of spontaneous circulation after 14 min of cardiac arrest including 10 min of CPR (P < 0.05). In conclusion, pigs with blocked endogenous vasopressin had poor coronary perfusion pressure and left ventricular myocardial blood flow during open chest CPR, and could not be successfully resuscitated. All pigs with effective endogenous vasopressin or pigs with effective endogenous vasopressin and additional exogenous vasopressin had good left ventricular myocardial blood flow during experimental CPR, and survived the 1-h postresuscitation phase. We conclude that endogenous vasopressin is an adjunct vasopressor to epinephrine and may serve as a back-up regulator to maintain cardiocirculatory homeostasis.
Developing vernal pool conservation plans at the local level using citizen-scientists

Use of citizen-scientists to collect data on natural resources is gaining credibility globally and is now considered a valuable tool in the conservation tool box. We conducted town-wide vernal pool inventories using citizen-scientists in four New England towns (USA) using voluntary best development practices (BDPs) for vernal pools. We tested the efficacy of using citizen-scientists to collect field data on vernal pools using published BDP guidelines. Steps included pool mapping and inventory, training of citizen-scientists, vernal pool field assessments, and guiding town development of local conservation strategies using data provided by the project. Potential vernal pools were remotely identified and photointerpreted. Partnerships among the University of Maine, the towns, and non-governmental organizations were forged to implement the project in spring 2003. Local coordinators in each town recruited volunteer citizen-scientists to conduct ground assessments. Volunteer training sessions were held prior to and during the field season. Fifty-two citizen-scientists surveyed and assessed 262 vernal pools. Quality control tests in the field confirmed that citizen-scientist data on amphibian egg mass counts were not significantly different from data gathered by biologists. Each pool was given a conservation priority rating based on the BDP assessment. Data were entered into a Geographic Information System database and delivered to each town. All towns initiated conservation plans and are developing conservation mechanisms to protect pools recognized as having conservation priority. Town strategies ranged from amending existing ordinances to improve wetland protection to incorporation of vernal pool resources into larger biodiversity mapping and planning projects. These four case studies illustrate that vernal pool conservation initiatives can be developed in local communities using the skills of trained citizen-scientists to collect accurate data. Communities are then better able to incorporate pool conservation strategies into the local planning and regulatory processes.
A blended learning experience for teaching microbiology.

OBJECTIVES To create a virtual laboratory system in which experimental science students could learn required skills and competencies while overcoming such challenges as time limitations, high cost of resources, and lack of feedback often encountered in a traditional laboratory setting. DESIGN A blended learning experience that combines traditional practices and e-learning was implemented to teach microbiological methods to pharmacy students. Virtual laboratory modules were used to acquire nonmanual skills such as visual and mental skills for data reading, calculations, interpretation of the results, deployment of an analytical protocol, and reporting results. ASSESSMENT Learning achievement was evaluated by questions about microbiology case-based problems. Students' perceptions were obtained by assessment questionnaire. CONCLUSION By combining different learning scenarios, the acquisition of the necessary but otherwise unreachable competences was achieved. Students achieved similar grades in the modules whose initiation was in the virtual laboratory to the grades they achieved with the modules whose complete or partial initiation took place in the laboratory. The knowledge acquired was satisfactory and the participants valued the experience.