Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality of Nursing Care among School Age Children with Thalassemia as Regards Blood Transfusion and Self Concept

For children with major thalassemia, lifelong blood transfusions were need hence adequate care quality is crucial. Research aim was to improve quality of nursing care among school age children with thalassemia as regards blood transfusion and self concept. Research design: quasi-experimental design has been used. Study area: The study was done in out and inpatient pediatric unit at Minia University and General Hospitals. Study participants: purposive technique consisted of two category: the first participants are all nurses (13 Minia University nurses and 7 General Hospitals, total twenty nurse) and the second participant are fifty ill school children with thalassemia. Tools: Information were gathered by: face to face interviews questionnaire, including: sociodemographic data sheet for thalassemia, knowledge sheet for nurses and routine knowledge of blood transfusion (RBTKQ) questionnaire. (2) An observational checklist for evaluating thalassemia practices by nurses. (3) Scale of patient satisfaction. (4) The clarity scale of the self-concept. Results: This study showed significant improvements in post-test nursing knowledge and practices on thalassemia and blood transfusion and improved self-concept in clients. Conclusion: After the program was applied, about thalassemia and blood transfusion now is understandable by nurses. The nurses considered the quality of nursing care and good self-concept. The research study suggested more studies to be done for improving nurses' knowledge and practices in the area of blood transfusion care and to improve the self-concept of thalassemia children.
Modest Effects of Low-frequency Electrical Stimulation on Patients with Chronic Insomnia in an Open Trial

Background and ObjectiveaaThe purpose of this study, was to investigate the effects of low-frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) on chronic insomnia. Treatment options in patients with chronic insomnia are limited to medications, and cognitive behavioral therapy. MethodsaaFifty-four chronic insomniacs received TENS with low-frequency, applied on trapeziums muscles for at least 30 minutes to 1 hour before sleeping, more than 5 days weekly, for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and quantitative electroencephalography at waking state, were obtained pre and post treatment. ResultsaaPoor sleep quality and insomnia severity decreased significantly, and relative delta power in the occipital region, also decreased after TENS. Overall treatment response rate was 57.5%, and predictive factors of treatment response were daytime sleepiness, as well as depressive and anxious mood. Relative delta power in occipital region of responders significantly decreased over time, while that of non-responders did not change This seemed to be associated with insomnia symptom improvement, and resulting daytime alertness. ConclusionsaaLow-frequency electrical stimulation, was modestly effective in chronic insomnia patients. Our results provide an alternative option of insomnia treatment, for future study. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):17-24
Isomalto-oligosaccharides from rice and their potential use as pharma-nutraceuticals in prevention of colon cancer

Background: Isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO) were enzymatically produced from rice (rIMO) alone or in combination with product (instant rice porridge mixed rIMO) demonstrated bifidogenic and butyrogenic effects in in vitro studies. The potential use of IMO from rice for pharma-nutraceuticals to prevent or risk reduction of colon cancer was further investigated in rats in this study.Objective: To investigate potential use of IMO from rice on prevention or risk reduction of colon cancer and gut microbiota modulation in rats, colonic polyp formation, histological changes, gut microbiota modulation, and butyrogenic properties were evaluated.Methods: An acute toxicity test was performed in ICR mice with a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg of tested IMO. The effects of rIMO were performed in AOM/DSS-induced Wistar rats. The animals were divided in 8 groups and treated three times a week with vehicle, three doses of rIMO, cIMO, and product (instant rice porridge mixed rIMO) before and after carcinogen administration. Animals were sacrificed at the end of 19th week.Results: Oral administration at up to 2,000 mg/kg of rIMO and product containing rIMO could be considered safe. Additionally, the animals chemically induced with AOM/DSS and treated with rIMO (1,500 mg/kg) and product containing rIMO significantly lower the occurrence of colonic polyps about 60%. There were no changes in other blood hematologic and biochemistry values but an improved gut barrier function when compared with animals in control and vehicle groups. AOM/DSS-induced rats supplemented with product containing rIMO could retard the reduction of beneficial bacteria and butyric acid production and thereby suppres the increase of harmful bacteria through the AOM/DSS post-induction phase.Conclusion: The results of this in vivo study suggest that consumption of rIMO alone or in combination with brown rice porridge could potentially help protect histological changes and risk reduction of developing for colon cancer. IMO from rice has potential use for pharma-nutraceuticals for risk reduction of colon cancer.Keywords: colon cancer, isomalto-oligosaccharides, prebiotic, rice, gut modulation
The Protective Effect of Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation on Childhood Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies

Objectives Maternal folic acid supplementation is considered mandatory in almost every country in the world to prevent congenital malformations. However, little is known about the association of maternal folic acid intake with the occurrence of childhood cancer. Hence, this study aimed to determine the effects of maternal folic acid consumption on the risk of childhood cancer. Methods A total of 158 related articles were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ProQuest using standardized keywords, of which 17 were included in the final review. Results Eleven of the 17 articles showed a significant protective association between maternal folic acid supplementation and childhood cancer. Using a random-effects model, pooled odds ratios (ORs) showed a protective association between maternal folic acid supplementation and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (OR, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 0.86). However, there was no significant association between maternal folic acid supplementation and acute myeloid leukaemia (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.06) or childhood brain tumours (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.19). Conclusions Maternal folic acid supplementation was found to have a protective effect against childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Thus, healthcare professionals are recommended to provide regular health education and health promotion to the community on the benefits of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy.
Irrigation depth and nitrogen doses on elephant-grass pastures during the dry season in the north of Minas Gerais State

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of four levels of nitrogen (100, 300, 500 and 700 kg.ha-1.year) and six water depth (0, 20, 40, 80, 100 and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration) on the forrage yield, tillers density, relationship leaf/stem, plants height and crude protein content and neutral detergent fiber of the elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum), during the dry period. The experimental design was a random block split plot design with four replications. Broadcast urea was used as source of nitrogen fertilizer. The water level control and the definition of the irrigating moment were established based on the soil-water retention curve and on the water level by the gravimetric method in soil samples. Water depth and nitrogen levels increased linearly the plants height, dry matter production and tillers density, however, they decreased the crude protein content. Irrigation had a quadratic effect irrigation on NDF content, with maximum percentage of 69.38%, when water depth of 72.88% of the evapotranspiration was applied. Nitrogen fertilization decreased linearlly the NDF content. The lowest leaf/stem relation (1.98) was obtained with a combination of 65% evapotranspiration and 300 kg.ha-1.year of nitrogen. Water depth associated to N levels increase dry matter yield from 2539.08 kg/cut to 6445.72 kg/cut, showing a decrease of the seasonality effect of elephant grass "pioneiro" production in northern Minas Gerais.
Preparing for anatomy assessment with adaptive learning resources – It is going “tibia” okay!

Anatomy subjects are content heavy and generally have a high stakes practical examination that is difficult to prepare for outside of the laboratory. With recent advances in technology, increased class sizes and reductions in teaching time, alternative and novel teaching technologies are emerging. An adaptive online simulated practical examination was developed. This lesson was evaluated using a survey, student interviews and learning analytics. Of the 55 students who completed the survey, 92% indicated that the simulated practical examination enhanced their learning. Ninety two percent of students reported that the lesson met their needs for flexibility and importantly, our study also confirmed that there was a positive relationship between performance in the simulated practical exam and both the actual practical examination and overall subject score. Findings from this study revealed that adaptive learning technologies show significant promise and are an effective, flexible tool for preparing students for practical exams in a challenging subject.
Cigarette retailer density around schools and neighbourhoods in Bali, Indonesia: A GIS mapping

INTRODUCTION The presence and density of tobacco retailers is associated with the perception of high availability of cigarettes and ease of purchase. Indonesia is the second largest cigarette market in the world with an increasing smoking rate among young people aged 10–18 years. Our study aims to assess density of cigarette outlets in neighbourhoods and around schools, and to evaluate correlation between retailer proximity to schools and retailer selling practices. METHODS We conducted a geographical mapping and then an audit survey of 1000 randomly selected cigarette retailers in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. We measured neighbourhood retailer density, and retailer proximity to schools. We linked the coordinate data to the audit data to assess the association between retailer distance from schools with likelihood of selling tobacco to young people and selling single cigarette sticks. RESULTS We mapped 4114 cigarette retailers in Denpasar, the most common type was a kiosk, 3199 (77.8%), followed by mini market/convenience stores, 606 (14.7%). Retailer density was 32.2/km2 and 4.6/1000 population. We found that 37 (9.7 %) of the 379 schools in Denpasar have at least one cigarette retailer within a 25 m radius and 367 (96.8%) within a 250 m radius. Of the 485 audited retailers within a 250 m radius of a school, 281 (57.9%) admitted selling cigarettes to young people and 325 (67.0%) sold cigarettes as single sticks. Cigarette retailers were less likely to sell cigarettes to young people based on distance from schools, but this was only significant at the furthest distance of more than 500 m from schools. CONCLUSIONS In an unregulated retailer setting such as Indonesia, cigarette retailers are ubiquitous and selling to young people is commonplace. The Indonesian government should enforce the prohibition on selling to young people and should regulate cigarette retailers to reduce youth access to cigarettes.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A U-SLOT PLANAR INVERTED-F ANTENNA FOR GSM900 AND DCS1800 BAND

In this paper, the new configuration for planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed for dual band mobile phone application. To reduce the size of the antenna, folded and shorted structure is used. Ushaped slot is cut in the antenna radiation patch, which can obtain two operating frequencies. It has been shown that the proposed antenna can cover the operating frequencies of GSM 900 (890-960 MHz) and DCS 1800 (1710-1880 MHz) bands. It is compact, low cost and having better antenna performance in terms of return loss, radiation patterns etc. The characteristics of the antenna are simulated using FEM based 3D EM software Ansoft HFSS. Keywords-Dual band; PIFA; Global system for mobile communication (GSM); Digital cellular system (DCS), HFSS
The Effects of High-fat Diet on Histological Changes of Kidneys in Rats

Introduction Hypercholesterolemia contributes as a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction in the kidneys and worsens the condition of patients with previous kidney damage. This study aimed to examine the effect of hypercholesterol diet in kidney structure.Methods: This was an experimental study, a case control using eight-week-old Rattus novergicus, divided into control and treatment group. High-fat diet (HFD) was administrated orally to treatment group for 14 days. All data statistically analyzed with two-paired ANOVA and post hoc for comparison.Results: Histological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin staining showed degeneration in nephrons, including glomerulosclerosis, segmental necrosis and tubular defects. The mononuclear cell infiltration was Increased in HFD group significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that a high fat diet induced obesity and may lead to renal deformities as a result of histopathological changes such as dilatation, tubular defects, inflammation and connective tissue enlargement of the kidney.
A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Effect of Home Institution on Emergency Medicine Standardized Letters of Evaluation

The standardized letter of evaluation (SLOE) was developed to make letters of recommendation in emergency medicine (EM) more objective and discerning. Typically, students obtain one SLOE from a home EM rotation and at least one more SLOE from an away clerkship. It is unclear if students perform better on their home or away EM rotations.
THE MECHANISM OF RB-MEDIATED CELL CYCLE INHIBITION

The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) is a critical negative regulator of cellular proliferation. The importance of RB in controlling cell growth and division is underscored by the observation that greater than 60% of human tumors exhibit functional inactivation of the RB pathway. RB functions as a transcriptional repressor, able to bind to the E2F family of transcription factors and regulate the expression of genes required for S-phase entry and progression. In response to anti-mitogenic stress signals (e.g. DNA damage), RB becomes hypophosphorylated/activated, able to down-regulate these genes, and elicit cell cycle arrest. RB/E2F-regulated genes include cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and cyclins, components of the DNA replication machinery, and metabolic enzymes required for the production of deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs). Here, we investigated the relevant targets of RB-mediated repression that contribute to the arrested phenotype. We describe functional signaling pathways of active RB that target the activity of CDK2/cyclin A to disrupt the function of PCNA, a late step in the DNA synthetic process. In a parallel pathway, RB represses the expression of dNTP synthetic enzymes to limit available DNA precursor molecules during cell cycle arrest. Under conditions of chronic RB activation, the expression of multiple DNA replication components is attenuated, leading to a replicative exit state. Loss of RB signaling permits cells to escape this long-term arrest state, demonstrating the requirement of RB in the maintenance of two, kinetically distinct checkpoints. RB has been shown to bind to over 100 cellular proteins. Using innovative imaging techniques, we demonstrate that E2F sites on chromatin are the principal targets of active RB during cell cycle arrest. These studies elucidate the critical targets and resultant phenotypes mediated by the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein to inhibit cellular proliferation.
Self-Tracking

Over the past decade, the capacity to gather, store, and analyze individuals’ physiological, behavioral, and geolocational data has come to affect a wide array of domains, from policy-making to policing, corporate marketing to health care, entertainment to education—a phenomenon known as datafication , or the conversion of qualitative aspects of life into quantified data (Mayer-Schönberger and Cukier 2014; Van Dijck 2014). So-called big data fundamentalists embrace this development, arguing that 1
Evaluating the Knowledge of Endotracheal Cuff Pressure Monitoring Among Critical Care Providers by Palpation of Pilot Balloon and By Endotracheal Tube Cuff Manometer

Introduction Mishandled endotracheal cuff pressure may either make ventilation difficult or cause damage to the airway. Therefore, the aim of this audit was to assess the knowledge about endotracheal cuff pressure monitoring with a manometer and manual palpation of pilot balloon among critical care providers. Methods This audit includes 150 critical care providers having experience of handling endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff at critical care area of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi from April 2017 to June 2017. Knowledge about endotracheal cuff pressure monitoring with the manometer and deleterious effects of mishandled ETT cuff was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Enrolled healthcare providers were asked to palpate the patient and cuff pressure was recorded and categorized. Results Out of 150 participants, 66 (44.0%) were doctors. Only 46 (30.67%) participants had prior knowledge about ETT cuff manometer and 110 (73.33%) had never used a manometer. Similarly only 42 (28.0%) had knowledge of hazardous effects of mishandled ETT cuff. Kappa coefficient of 0.155 with p=0.015 showed significant yet low agreement between participant prediction and the actual amount of air in cuff balloon. Agreement level was comparatively higher for staff as compared to doctors with a Kappa coefficient of 0.210 (p=0.018) vs. 0.133 (p=0.099). Conclusion In this study of knowledge and practice of ETT tube cuff pressure monitoring, we observed low levels of knowledge (30.67%), poor adherence to standard practice (73.33%) and were able to demonstrate poor agreement (Kappa coefficient 0.155; p=0.015) between the palpation method and cuff manometer measurements for assessing cuff pressure.
The effect of physical activity on sleep quality: a systematic review

Abstract Introduction Numerous studies have explored the interaction between physical activity (PA) and sleep quality illustrating the effect of physical exercise on sleep, yet previous researches have not investigated the relationship between physical exercise intensity and sleep quality. Aim This systematic review aims to examine the effect PA intensity on sleep quality in healthy populations. Methods We conducted a systematic review by searching latest 8 years publications. PubMed and Scopus were used to identify eligible studies with the searching terms, ‘sleep quality’ AND ‘physical activity’, within the timeframe between January 2010 and June 2018. All the included articles were systematically reviewed and analysed. The comparison of physical intensity and sleep quality was conducted based on the threshold of moderate PA and vigorous PA. Results Fourteen studies were included in the review. Analyses revealed that moderate PA seems to be more effective than vigorous activity in improving sleep quality. Furthermore, moderate physical exercise is beneficial to sleep quality in both young and old populations. Conclusions Moderate exercise showed more promising outcome on sleep quality than vigorous exercise. Future studies are suggested to elaborate detailed exercise suggestions by considering age groups in order to make accurate recommendations for health promotion.
Adoption of Information Technology in Small Business: Testing Drivers of Adoption for Entrepreneurs

This study reports on how small retailers are adopting IT for their entrepreneurial venture. Three antecedents are posited to influence the information technology adoption in small business environments: (1) the owner's perception of the relative advantage of using information technology, (2) social expectations of information technology use, and (3) the owner's innovativeness in managing their own business. Seventy-one small business owners participated in the study. Our results suggest that among these three key drivers of adoption, the firm's innovativeness is the strongest determinant for adopting traditional information systems. However, in adopting Internet related technologies, the owner's positive perception of the relative advantage of using information technology plays the most critical role. Social expectation does not seem to directly influence the adoption level in either case, but exhibits indirect influence on perceived relative advantage and in turn on the level of Internet adoption. A structural equation model is presented with interpretations based on the strategic management literature, followed by a discussion on implications of these findings.
Nutritional Periodization: Applications for the Strength Athlete

NUTRITIONAL PERIODIZATION IS DEFINED AS THE PREPLANNED AND STRATEGIC USE OF NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS IN EFFORTS TO OPTIMIZE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION THROUGHOUT THE TRAINING PROGRAM OF ATHLETES. OWING TO THE NOVELTY OF THE BODY OF LITERATURE SURROUNDING NUTRITIONAL PERIODIZATION, THE DIRECT APPLICATION OF THIS IDEA TO STRENGTH OR POWER ATHLETES HAS YET TO BE THOROUGHLY DISCUSSED. THE PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW IS TO SYNTHESIZE THE AVAILABLE LITERATURE REGARDING NUTRITIONAL STRATEGIES THAT MAY AID THE PERFORMANCEOFSTRENGTHAND POWER ATHLETES AND DISCUSS HOW THESE NUTRITIONAL STRATEGIES CAN BE PERIODIZED AND INTEGRATED INTO THE ATHLETE’S PREPROGRAMMED TRAINING PLAN.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use for Musculoskeletal and Other Health Conditions –A Comparative Study Between two Ethnic Groups in Nigeria

Background Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)are used for health promotion and disease treatment. Many options of CAM are exist. Methods Comparative cross-sectional studyamong residents of Yoruba and Hausa ethnicity in Ibadan, Nigeria.WHO modified cluster sampling technique wasused to select 800 respondents, 400 from each study groups. Data were collected using semi-structured, interviewer administered questionnaire. Results Lifetime CAM use was reported by 88.5% of Yoruba and 95.8% of Hausa respondents (p < 0.05) while 75.0% of Yoruba and 88.0% of Hausa were current CAM users (p < 0.05). The most commonly used CAM were unprocessed herbal preparations by 64.0% of Yoruba and 79.5% of Hausa respondents (p < 0.05). Conditions for which respondents used unprocessed herbal preparation included febrile illnesses (Yoruba 45.1%, Hausa 41.9%), gastrointestinal conditions (Yoruba 4.9%, Hausa 4.7%), musculoskeletal conditions (Yoruba 2.8%, Hausa 2.2%) as well as for health promotion (Yoruba 4.9%, Hausa 1.6%); there was no statistical difference. Predictors of lifetime CAM use were: being currently married [OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.46 – 3.39], Islamic religion [OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.02 – 2.62] and Hausa ethnicity [OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.02 – 4.93]. Similarly, the predictors of current CAM use were being currently married [OR 2.77; 95% CI 1.49 – 5.16], Islamic religion [OR 2.70; 95% CI 1.35 – 5.41] and Hausa ethnicity [OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.00 – 2.13]. Conclusion A high prevalence of CAM use was reported in both study groups. The conditions for which CAM was used were not significantly different.