Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food and its Preparation Conditions in Hotels in Accra, Ghana: A Concern for Food Safety

Although a lot of work has been done on the safety of street foods in most developing countries, not much has been done with regards to the hotel industry. A pilot study to investigate food and its preparation conditions in ten selected hotels in Accra, the capital of Ghana with respect to food safety was therefore initiated in 2005/2006. A total of 184 samples; 105 swabs of kitchen working surfaces, cutlery and plates; 29, 30, and 20 samples of food, water and fruit juice respectively were taken for microbial analysis from ten highly patronized hotels between December 2005 and June 2006. Standard microbiological methods were used for isolation, enumeration, and identification of bacteria. Thirty Seven (37) of the swab samples showed the presence of coliforms while Escherichia coli was absent in all the 105 samples. The total count of aerobic bacteria was high in the swabs from the working surfaces and cutting boards (> 10 3 cfu/ml). All the food samples tested negative for Salmonella, Staphylococcus and E. coli . Coliforms and E. coli were not detected in any of the 30 water samples tested, Ten of the fruit juice samples tested positive for coliforms although E. coli was absent in all the 20 samples. Most of the swabs that registered the presence of coliforms were from chopping boards, pastry and working tables suggesting that the method of cleaning these surfaces should be improved. The microbial quality of all the food samples tested was satisfactory with aerobic colony counts of less than 10 4 cfu/g and no pathogens detected in 25g of food sample, which is the standard for ready to eat foods. The water samples also met the satisfactory criteria of no coliforms detected in 100mls of water. No pathogens were detected in the fruit juice samples, but with the exception of ginger juice, all were contaminated with coliforms which suggests that, stringent measures be applied in the preparation and handling of these juices. As a result of this study staff and management of these hotels are now implementing Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP).
ANTAGONISTIC EFFECTS OF COMBINATION OF FLAXSEED OIL AND SPIRULINA PLATENSIS OIL ON THEIR BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Objective: To determine the composition of flaxseed oil and Spirulina platensis oil and to evaluate their biological activities either alone or in combination by in-vitro studies. Methods: Proximate analysis of flaxseeds and S. platensis powder, followed by compositional analysis of oil by gas chromatography was conducted. Cytotoxic studies were performed by MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Hypoglycemic studies were assessed by glucose uptake assay using porcine diaphragm and by gluconeogenesis assay using rat liver slices. Anti-denaturation assay and HRBC membrane assay were conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties. Results: α-linolenic acid (ALA) was the predominant component of flaxseed oil while γ-linolenic acid was found only in S. platensis oil. In all the experiments, S. platensis oil and flaxseed oil alone exhibited prominent anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities. Whereas, all the above activities were reduced in the combination studies irrespective of the ratio of the mixture of oils used. Conclusion: The results clearly suggested that the combination of S. platensis oil and flaxseed oil does not have any synergistic properties, indeed the combination of oils induced antagonistic effects on their biological properties.
Atomic-scale structure and photoluminescence of InAs quantum dots in GaAs and AlAs

This paper was published as Physical Review B, 2005, 72 (16), pp.165332. It is available from http://prb.aps. org/abstract/PRB/v72/i16/e165332. Doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.72. 165332
Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Epoxy/RTV Silicone Rubber

Epoxy products have been widely applied in industries such as in the fields of automotive, mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineering. Epoxy modified to be done to improve the mechanical properties, thermal stability, physics and chemical resistance. Using of other compounds as curing agents has long been commercialized, but the constraints posed is application of an epoxy thermoset on areas requiring impact strength and thermal stability are still low. One of the modification that has been done is addition of other material as the second material to improve properties of thermoset epoxy. Preparation of research material obtained through the provision of a second material that is RTV silicone rubber. The aim of research to analyze effect of RTV silicone rubber composition (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) wt% of the mechanical properties and thermal stability of thermoset epoxy. Testing and characterization conducted on thermoset epoxy by the addition of RTV silicone rubber. In addition RTV silicone rubber: tensile strength, elongation at break and hardness has decreased, energy and impact strength increased maximum on the addition of 15% RTV silicone rubber respectively 0.294 J and 6175 J / m 2 . The maximum degradation of temperature increase in the addition of 15% RTV silicone rubber is 328 and 349 o C respectively at 5 and 10% degradation.
Ecology of iron-limited cyanobacteria: a review of physiological responses and implications for aquatic systems

Recent studies have demonstrated that cyanobacteria are capable of responding to low levels of iron availability through alterations in cellular iron requirements and by increasing their ability to scavenge iron from the environment through the activation of siderophore-mediated high-affinity transport systems. The significant amount of evidence In the literature on siderophore production by cyanobacteria suggests that these iron-chelating compounds may be important in the determination of iron availability in aquatic systems. This review focuses on how cyanobacteria respond to growthlimiting levels of available iron and on how siderophores potentially alter the biological availability of iron in the system thereby allowing the cyanobacteria to e x ~ s t at low iron availabilities. In the light of recent findings on the amount of organically complexed iron in aquatic systems, it is concluded that the production of siderophores by aquatic organisms may specifically dictate the levels of biologically available iron in some aquatic systems.
Restricted virus multiplication in May Queen potato plants transformated with the coat porotein gene of potato leafroll luteovirus

Title Restricted virus multiplication in May Queen potato plants transformed with the coat protein gene of potato leafroll Lutevirus Author(s) KONDO, Toru; MATSUMURA, Takeshi; TABAYASHI, Noriko; YAMASHITA, Naoko; UYEDA, Ichiro; HATAYA, Tatsuji; SARUYAMA, Haruo; TANIDA, Masatoshi; KIMURA, Ikuo; SHIKATA, Eishiro Citation Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, 67(1), 1-13 Issue Date 1997-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/13142 Type bulletin (article) File Information 67(1)_p1-13.pdf
Reviewing Self-Injury: Implications for the Study of Self-Injury and Suicidal Behaviour in Malaysia

Self-injury is a significant predictor of future self-harm and suicide, and is associated with significant psychological morbidity. However, despite an apparent increase in prevalence, very little research on this behaviour has been conducted within Malaysia. This paper reviews the definitional issues pertinent to the study of self-injury including the need to adopt a consistent nomenclature for the behaviour, separate self-injury which occurs with and without suicidal intent, and to address role of culture in defining self-injurious behaviour. A review and critique of research exploring the prevalence, function, aetiology, and correlates of self-injury across both clinical and community samples is provided. Finally, in light of the current international knowledge regarding self-injurious behaviour, recommendations to guide future research in Malaysia are proposed.
The Use of Shelf Life Ended Food as Alternative Feedstuff Sources in Ruminant Feeding

The aim of this study is to reveal the possibility of pasta, pudding, wafer meal, ice creambran mixture, vegetable and yoghurt soups after determining their crude nutrient components and in vitro metabolic energy values. Samples were for 96 hour incubation under in vitro conditions according to Hohenheim Futterwerter Test (HFT). The amount of total gas production (GP) was recorded at the 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Digestible organic matter (DOM), metabolic energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) ingredients were predicted according to GP at the 24 hour. The GP differences among the samples were found statistically significant (P<0.05). When net GP amounts of the 24-hour-period were evaluated, the highest GP value was found out as 53.69 ml/ 200 mg DM in pasta, whereas the lowest value was found out as 25.76 ml/ 200 mg DM in ice-cream bran mixture. When DOM, ME, and NEL ingredients were calculated using GP amounts determined at the 24 hour, the highest value of DOM was found out (90.99%) in pasta, the highest value of ME was found out in pasta (12.31 MJ/kg DM), and the highest value of NEL was found out in wafer meal (8.73 MJ/kg DM). It has been concluded that pasta, pudding, vegetable and yoghurt soups, wafer meal and ice cream-bran mixture can be used as alternatives to ruminant rations, feedstuff sources rich in energy.
Nutrients, primary production and microbial heterotrophy in the southeastern Chukchi Sea : Arctic summer nutrient depletion and heterotrophy

In August 1993, we measured photosynthesis, chlorophyll a, bacterial secondary production, microb~al community respiratory rate, bacterial abundance, dissolved free armno acids, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, and dissolved oxygen in the eastern Chukchi Sea. Our crulse track was mostly in loose pack ice exceed~ng 50% ice cover, with heavier ice cover near 7 5" N. We sclmpled over the continental shelf and slope, in deep water in the Canadian Basin, and over the Chukchi Cap. Primary production was highest over the upper continental slope, averaging 748 mg C m-' d ' In deep water and heavier ice cover in the Canadian Basin, primary productivity averaged 123 mg C m-' d-l. However. microbial community respiratory rates averaged 840 mg C m ' d-l over the upper slope and 860 mg C m-2 d. ' in the Canadian Basin. Nitrate was virtually depleted In the . upper m ~ x e d layer, suggesting some nutrient limitation and dependence on regenerated ammonium in late summer. This is supported by f-ratios ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimates of annual prlmary production of organlc carbon, both from our 'v and 13<1 assimilation measurements and from the supersaturation of dissolved oxygen in the upper mixed layer at all stations, suggest that significant primary production occurs well beyond the continental shelves out into the so-called perennial pack ice. Respiratory activity in the upper mixed layer exceeded primary productivity at the deep-water stations, a s it often does in summer oligotrophic conditions at lower latitudes. These observations suggest that rates of both autotrophic and heterotrophic biological activity in the upper mixed layer of the deep waters of the Arctic Ocean may be considerably higher than suspected and should be incorporated lnto models of polar proccsscs.
Profit participation annuities: a business profitability analysis within a demographic risk sensitive approach

The aim of the paper is to analyze the performance of a portfolio of participating life annuities, focusing on the minimum acceptable income level throughout the quantiles of the return distribution. The model, in addition to the necessary consideration of the volatility of financial markets, gives a central role to the impact of the longevity phenomenon. The sensitivity of the portfolio performance to the survival projection, the presence of a break-even point and the time of optimum performance are pointed out, under different hypotheses for the participating quota and with stochastic assumption for the accumulation and the discounting financial processes and for the survival description.
ELECTRICAL AND SPECTROSCOPIC DIAGNOSTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE DBD PLASMA JET

Atmospheric pressure capillary dielectric barrier oxygen discharge plasma jet is developed to generate nonthermal plasma using unipolar positive pulse power supply. Both electrical and optical diagnostic techniques were used to characterize the produced plasma as functions of applied voltage and gas flow rate. Electrical diagnostics indicated that the discharge frequency decreased with gas flow rate but increased with the applied voltage. Analytical results obtained from the optical emission spectroscopic data revealed the gas temperature, excitation temperature and electron density. Gas temperature was found to decrease with increasing oxygen flow rate but increase linearly with applied voltage. The produced plasma was applied preliminarily to study the inactivation yield of Fusarium oxysporum fungus infected potato samples. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 1, 23-36, 2016
Alien neighbours: foreigners in contemporary Shanghai

One distinctive facet of Shanghai’s cosmopolitanism and openness to the outer world is the foreign presence in the city. Partially reviving the myth of the old pre-1949 Shanghai, in the last twenty years Shanghai has become again a pole of attraction for foreign migrants, and it actually hosts one of the most numerous community of residents of alien nationality in the People’s Republic of China. Drawing from sociological and ethnological literature, from official reports and media coverage of the topic, this paper overviews the impact of foreign communities in Shanghai and investigates how Shanghai local migration policies and media discourse shape the meaning of this phenomenon with respect to the definition of Shanghai’s identity as a globalizing and a Chinese metropolis as well.
Interindividual differences in radiation-induced apoptosis of peripheral blood leukocytes in normal individuals and breast cancer patients

Background: Quantification of radiation-induced apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) has been proposed as a possible screening test for cancer-prone individuals and also for the prediction of normal tissue responses after radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: The neutral version of the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) was used 24, 48, 72 hours after irradiation with 8 Gy gamma rays to assess interindividual differences in gamma rays-induced apoptosis in peripheral blood leucocytes between a panel of 30 normal individuals, and 30 breast cancer patients who hadn’t received radiotherapy or chemotherapy previously. Slides were stained with ethidium bromide and comets were assessed using visual and computer analysis. Results: In all incubation times, the baseline and radiation induced apoptosis values were higher in breast cancer patients compared to normal individuals which were significantly different (p<0.01). Although, both baseline and radiation induced values were higher in young breast cancer patients, the age did not seem to have a significant effect on apoptosis values both in cancer cases and controls. Conclusion: The increased rate of apoptosis observed in the leukocytes of breast cancer cases might be associated with their deficient DNA repair mechanisms. This finding might indicate that the radiation induced apoptosis could have some predictive potential. However, large interindividual variation has been a drawback. More studies are required to investigate the causes of interindividual variation and how it might be minimized. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012; 9(4): 237­244
Local and Organic: Substitutes or Complements? An In-Store Evaluation of Labels for Apples

Over the past two decades, consumer demand for niche products has grown substantially. The primary objective of this paper is to disentangle the value consumers place on two prominent food claims, organic and local (defined as Colorado Proud in this study) as they relate to fresh produce. Using primary data from a choice experiment conducted in a grocery store that has conducted co-promotional efforts with the Colorado Proud program, we found the value of the “local” claims trumps that of “organic” in apples. However, the difference in results between the experiments that offered participants either one- or two-pounds is far more pronounced, illustrating how scaling may influence estimates in such market-based research.
ALMA Detection of Extended [C ii] Emission in Himiko at z = 6.6

Himiko is one of the most luminous Lyα emitters at z = 6.595. It has three star-forming clumps detected in the rest-frame UV, with a total SFR = 20 M⊙ yr−1. We report the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) detection of the [C ii]158 μm line emission in this Galaxy with a significance of 8σ. The total [C ii] luminosity (L[C ii] = 1.2 × 108 L⊙) is fully consistent with the local L[C ii]–SFR relation. The ALMA high-angular resolution reveals that the [C ii] emission is made of two distinct components. The brightest [C ii] clump is extended over 4 kpc and is located on the peak of the Lyα nebula, which is spatially offset by 1 kpc relative to the brightest UV clump. The second [C ii] component is spatially unresolved (size <2 kpc) and coincident with one of the three UV clumps. While the latter component is consistent with the local L[C ii]–SFR relation, the other components are scattered above and below the local relation. We shortly discuss the possible origin of the [C ii] components and their relation with the star-forming clumps traced by the UV emission.
Organizational Justice and Socialization in a Franchising Context: Factors Influencing Hourly Workers’ Intent to Stay

The fast food industry has significant presence in the areas of employability, economic generation, and human resource capability. With over 240,000 locations in the U.S. and billions in sales, it is one of the world’s most accessible employers and is often categorized as a small business enterprise due to clusters of locations and startups being owned by entrepreneurial franchisees. Businesses grapple with employee retention particularly in this sector. This study identifies links among demographic variables, ratings of organizational justice, and organizational socialization as predictors for hourly fast food workers’ intentions to stay with their employers. Hourly employees ( n =821) in 61 restaurants were surveyed and analyzed using ordinary least squares and multilevel statistical methods. Older workers, primary wage earners, and those who rated distributive and interactional justice relatively high had greater intentions to stay with their employer. Given high turnover in the restaurant and particularly the fast food industry, this work will be of interest to small business restaurant owners and fast food franchise owners.
The Essential Social Fact of Race

I n my 1997 ASR article (Bonilla-Silva 1997, henceforward EBS) I urged analysts to abandon the sterile soil of the "prejudice problematic" (Potter and Wetherell 1987) and to examine race-related phenomena from a structural perspective. I contended that racialized social systems emerged as part of the monumental changes that occurred in the world-system in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. I argued that these social orders are stratified along racial as well as class and gender lines. Racial stratification is always hierarchical; thus the race ascribed with the superior position enjoys social, political, economic, and psychological advantages over the group or groups ascribed with inferior positions. The core of my theorizationand the main reason for this debate-was my argument that after race-based structurations emerge, definite socially existing races arise, which develop distinct objective interests. As I wrote, "After the process of attaching meaning to a 'people' is instituted, race be-
Seasonal Migration and Micro-credit in the Lean Period: Evidence from Northwest Bangladesh

This paper investigates the relationship between access to micro-credit and temporary seasonal migration, an issue which is largely ignored in the standard rural-urban migration literature. Seasonal migration due to agricultural downturns is a common phenomenon in developing countries. Using primary data from a cross-sectional household survey from the northwest part of Bangladesh, this study quantifies the factors that influence such migration decisions. Among other results, we find that network effects play a significant role in influencing the migration decision, with the presence of kinsmen at the place of destination having considerable impact. Seasonal migration is a natural choice for individual suffering periodic hardship; however the strict weekly loan repayment rules of Micro-credit Institutes can have an adverse effect on this process, reducing the ability of borrowers to react to a shock. Our result suggests that poor individuals prefer the option of not accessing the micro-credit and opt for temporal seasonal migration during the lean period. The results have numerous potential policy implications, including the design of typical micro-credit schemes.
Home Environment and Emergent Literacy among Young Children in Iran

The major purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between home environment andemergent literacy among 90 children (40 boys and 50 girls) aged 3 to 4 years. Pearson correlation analysis wasconducted to examine the relationship between home environment and emergent literacy. The result of this studyrevealed that home environment had significant relationship with children’s emergent literacy.
SHRINKING TARGETS FOR NONAUTONOMOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS CORRESPONDING TO CANTOR SERIES EXPANSIONS

We provide a closed formula of Bowen type for the Hausdorff dimension of a very general shrinking target scheme generated by the nonautonomous dynamical system on the interval $[0,1)$, viewed as $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$, corresponding to a given method of Cantor series expansion. We also examine a wide class of examples utilising our theorem. In particular, we give a Diophantine approximation interpretation of our scheme.
PREDICTION FOR DRIVING BEHAVIOR IN CONNECTION WITH SOCIO - DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, INDIVIDUAL ANOMIA AND INDIVIDUAL VALUE SYSTEM

The aim of the research was to examine characteristics of individual value system and individual anomia prediction for driving behavior. A total of 108 respondents participated in the study. The results showed that the value system integrity / disintegrity indicator predicts distracted driving, explaining 18% of variation and being statistically significant. Internal vacuum and age are statistically significant and negatively predict risky driving in 17% of variation. Age as a statistically significant factor is associated with a safe and courteous driving, this explains 12% of variation. Value system integrity / disintegrity indicator and gender are significantly negatively associated with the summary indicator of dangerous driving, this explains 22% of variation. Age is significantly negatively associated with distracted driving, explaining 30% of variation. An individual deviation from prescribed rules or customs and gender are significantly associated with aggressive behavior against other drivers, explaining 28% of variation. Age is significantly associated with risky driving; this model explains 13% of variation. Age is significantly negatively associated with the summary indicator of dangerous driving, explaining 37% of variation. The results can serve as the basis to create new measures for driving behaviour regulation and they might also be applicable to psychologists’ professional activity.