Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"I Remember the Whole Board Being Full of Different Calculations and Trying to Make Some Sense of It." The Influence of Significant Moments in Adult Numeracy Teachers' Own Learning Experiences on Their Teaching Practice.

In researching how adult numeracy teachers actively motivate and enable learners to apply the numeracy skills they learn to their own real life practices, a case study of two adult numeracy teachers and their learner groups was undertaken. This paper compares the teachers’ contrasting personal experiences of mathematics learning to consider how significant moments in their own learning experiences may have influenced their beliefs about, and approaches to, their adult numeracy teaching practice. Similarities and differences between teachers’ approaches are explored and compared, to conclude that teachers’ learning experiences greatly influenced their beliefs and teaching practices.
MANUFACTURE ENZYME FROM THE FUNGUS A. FLAVUS

Amylases are enzymes which hydrolyze the starch molecules into polymers composed of glucose units, Amylases are among the most important enzymes and are of great significance for biotechnology, They can be obtained from several sources, such as plants, animals and microorganisms. Amylases have potential application in a wide number of industrial processes such as food, fermentation, textile paper, detergent, and pharmaceutical industries. The effect of temperature on amylase activity A. flavus H4 was studied by varying the temperature from 20°C to 40°C. It is clear from the results that a temperature of 28°C was found to be best suitable for amylase activity and maximum activity found was 8.7U\ml, it was observed that at 20°C enzyme activities were low 4.5 U\ml and showed a gradual increase with the increase in temperature to 28°C. Further increase in temperature resulted in decrease in production of amylase that at 42°C enzyme activities were 4.5U\ml. The effect of pH on amylase activity of A. flavus was studied by varying pH from 4.5 to7.5, Under experimental conditions, a maximum enzyme activity was produced at pH 5.5, 7.1U/ml and the lowest at pH 7.5, 5.2U/ml. The cultures were incubated for 2 8 days, The enzyme was extracted and the specific activity of the amylase produced at different days of incubation was 4.1 U/ml in 2 days of incubation and The specific activity was 7.2 U/ml for the enzyme at 6 days of incubation, while The specific activity was 6.8 U/ml for the enzyme at 8 days of incubation.
Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle in the Selected Upazila of Sirajganj District in Bangladesh

A study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis at 135 commercial dairy farms of five upazilas of Sirajganj district of Bangladesh during the period from January 2012 to December 2013. During two years study period a total of 270 blood samples were tested by Antigen® Rapid Bovine TB Ab test kit. The overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was recorded as 7.78%. Distribution on the basis of age, sex and breed revealed the significant relationship among the infection, breed, sex and age in the population. The prevalence was relatively high in older cattle (10.23%) and the highest prevalence was observed in the female (9.09%). The prevalence of tuberculosis infection was considerably high in most of large herds. It was evident from the study that cattle were infected with organism and caused a serious economic loss. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2. 21276 Bangl. J. Vet. Med . (2014). 12 (2): 141-145
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Capital Misallocation during the Great Recession

In this paper I evaluate the contribution of nancial frictions in explaining the drop in aggregate TFP through misallocation during the Great Recession. I build a quantitative model with heterogeneous establishments; with the help of the model I compute the counterfactual drop in misallocation: by how much would aggregate TFP have decreased if the credit crunch had been absent. I nd that a "real recession" would have caused a drop of only 0.16 percent, as opposed to 1.04 percent found in the data; therefore nancial frictions account for a signi cant part of the drop in aggregate TFP. The key mechanism is the following: the increase in the cost of external nance a¤ects negatively the reallocation of productive inputs from low to high productivity rms, by dampening the growth of small-highly productive rms. JEL: D21, D22; E32; G31 Keywords: nancing constraints, misallocation, heterogeneous rms, incomplete markets, idiosyncratic shocks. Address: Department of Economics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz Germany. E-mail address: alessandro.di-nola@uni-konstanz.de. Personal webpage: https://sites.google. com/site/alessandrodinolaphd. I am greatly indebted to my supervisor Nicola Pavoni for his guidance and patience. I thank Francois Gourio, Luigi Iovino, Leo Kaas, Georgi Kocharkov, Marco Ma¤ezzoli, Tommaso Monacelli, Frank Portier, Fabiano Schivardi, Almuth Scholl and seminar participants at the Edge Conference in Copenhagen 2014, the Applied Economics Workshop in Petralia Sottana 2014 and the Bocconi macro lunch workshop for helpful comments and suggestions. I thank Matthias Messner for helpful discussions about the theoretical model of this paper. All remaining errors are mine.
Tropical Pacific–high latitude south Atlantic teleconnections as seen in δ18O variability in Antarctic coastal ice cores

[1] We use a network of eight ice cores from coastal Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica, to examine the role of the tropical ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) in the temporal variability of δ18O in annual accumulation. The longest record from the S100 ice core covering the period 1737–1999 is used to analyze the teleconnections between the tropical Pacific and coastal DML on decadal scales and longer. A shorter stacked coastal DML δ18O series spanning 1955–1999 is constructed to assess the variability of ENSO teleconnection on interannual scales. Results suggest that, on typical ENSO timescales of 2–6 years, the strength of the teleconnection varies in time, being stronger for years with generally negative phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). On the timescales of approximately two decades (bidecadal), positive isotope anomalies are associated with oceanic warming and a westward sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in the equatorial Pacific. Bidecadal variability in SAM, forced by the tropical Pacific, is proposed as a critical element in the teleconnection. Our analysis suggests that a multidecadal positive trend in the annual mean δ18O values from the analyzed cores can be indicative of the atmospheric warming that begun in this part of the DML already in the 1910s. The trend in δ18O, quantified in terms of long-term surface air temperature (SAT) changes, is consistent with the instrumental data. Yet, we speculate that the accurate estimation of SAT trends requires an assessment of the potential role of secular SAM and sea ice extent changes in shaping the isotopic signal.
Yield stability of promising lines of winter and facultative wheat in different climate of Iran

Fourteen genotypes were studied for grain yield and its stability in different climate of Ardebil, Eqlid, Arak, Zanjan, Tabriz, Mashhad, Jolgerokh, Miandoab, Hamedan and Karadj using randomized complete block design with three replications in two years; results of combined analysis of variance showed that the interaction effects of year × location and genotype × year × location were significant at 1% probability level. For determination of genotypes with high yield and stability, parametric and non-parametric statistics were used among the methods which were used, AMMI model was found more effective than the others. Based on AMMI (AMMI1, AMMI2 and AMMI3) results, genotypes number 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were determined as stable in most of the locations, genotypes number 9, 10 and 13 for Karadj, number 2 for Zanjan, number 4 for Jolgerokh and Ardebil, and number 7 for Mashhad showed specific adaptability. Key words: Yield stability, promising lines, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis.
Does the Balance Sheet Approach Improve the Usefulness of Accounting Information? (SPECIAL SESSION on IFRS)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a change in the accounting model on accounting information for decision making. Especially, this study shows that net income (earnings) does not play an important role in providing useful information for decision making if the accounting model changes from flow-based accounting to stockbased accounting. If the IASB and the FASB adopt stock-based accounting and measure assets and liabilities at fair value, earnings persistence and predictive ability will decrease, and the usefulness of income information will be impaired due to the increasing transitory earnings and the effects of earnings volatility. Stock-based accounting that emphasizes the balance sheet will impair the valuation role of financial reporting because the combined usefulness of accounting information of the book value of net assets and earnings does not improve; the usefulness of stock information (the balance sheet) for decision making does not necessarily improve, and the usefulness of flow information (net income) decreases. This finding indicates that the balance sheet approach does not necessarily improve the usefulness of accounting information.
Mercury Fractionation in the Sediments of Kongsfjorden, an Arctic Fjord, Svalbard

The presence of mercury (Hg) is increasing in Arctic region and the Arctic sea will take short time to reflect changes in atmospheric Hg levels. Hence, monitoring of mercury content in the environmental matrices of Arctic is highly significant. The present study assessed the total mercury (THg) as well as various Hg fractions in the sediments of Kongsfjorden, an Arctic Fjord in Svalbard. The Hg toxicity mainly depends on the form which occurs. Fractionation study will help to understand the different forms of Hg in sediment samples. The mean concentration of THg in sediment was 485 ng/gm dry weight. The results of fractionation indicated the mobility of Hg in the Kongsfjord sediments. The highest percentage of Hg was in fourth fraction (F4) followed by the fractions F2, F1, and F3 and final fraction (F5). The high Hg concentration in the initial fractions indicated the availability of Hg for chemical and biological transformations and transport in the Fjord. Hence potential toxic effects are possible in the system.
Investigation of Some Physical Properties of Knitted Fabrics Produced from Macaroni Yarns

Recently there have been new trends in fancy yarns in order to meet consumer demands for drapery, decorative and outwear fabrics. Macaroni yarns are a promising group of fancy yarn which allows new yarn designs with different raw materials at different yarn counts. In the study, supreme knitted fabrics were produced with macaroni yarns of different raw materials (polyester, acyclic, cotton) at different yarn counts (Nm 2/1, Nm 2.5/1, Nm 3.3/1, Nm 4/1 and Nm 4.5/1). Completely randomised one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for determination of the statistical significance of the fabric type on selected physical properties of knitted macaroni fabrics in terms of fabric weight (g/m2), dimensional change (%) in the wale and course direction, abrasion resistance, and air permeability properties before and after the washing process. According to the results of the statistical analyses performed using the experimental values obtained from the tests, we determined that the fabric weights (g/m2), dimensional changes (%) in the wale and course direction, abrasion resistance and air permeability properties before and after washing were significantly influenced by the macaroni yarn’s structural parameters (such as the yarn count and raw material comprising it).
ffshoring and job stability : Evidence from talian manufacturing lessia

We study the relationship between offshoring and job stability in Italy in the period 1995–2001 by using an administrative dataset on manufacturing workers. We find that the international fragmentation of production negatively affects job stability. Service offshoring and material purchases from developed countries foster job-to-job transitions within manufacturing of all workers and white collars, respectively. However, the most detrimental effects for job stability come from material offshoring to low income countries which drives blue collar workers out of manufacturing. Therefore, policy interventions should especially focus on this latter category of workers more exposed to fragmentation processes and foreign competition © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Regulatory B cells in infectious disease

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B cells, which reportedly exert significant immunomodulatory effects through the production of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-35 and transforming growth factor-β. Over the last decade, studies have indicated that Bregs function in autoimmune and allergic diseases through antigen-specific and non-specific immunoregulatory mechanisms. However, only a limited number of reviews have focused on the role of Bregs during infection, particularly their functions in intracellular infections. The present review discusses the role of Bregs in infectious diseases in animal models and human studies, and provides an overview of the immunoregulatory mechanisms used by Bregs.
Computers and play in early childhood: Affordances and limitations

The widespread proliferation of computer games for children as young as six months of age, merits a reexamination of their manner of use and a review of their facility to provide opportunities for developmental play. This article describes a research study conducted to explore the use of computer games by young children, specifically to investigate the affordances and limitations of such games and the features of children's traditional play that can be supported and further enhanced by different kinds of computer play. Computer games were classified and selected according to game characteristics that support higher order thinking. Children aged 5 and 7 were observed playing the games, and findings are given, together with suggestions for further research.
Positive and Negative Eddy Feedbacks Acting on Midlatitude Jet Variability in a Three-Level Quasigeostrophic Model

The variability of midlatitude jets is investigated in a long-term integration of a dry three-level qua-sigeostrophic model on the sphere. As for most observed jets, the leading EOF of the zonal-mean wind corresponds to latitudinal shifts of the jet, and the second EOF to pulses of the jet speed. The first principal component (PC1) is also more persistent than the second one (PC2); this longer persistence arises from different eddy feedbacks both in the short term (i.e., within a few days following the peak of the PCs) and in the long term. The short-term eddy feedbacks come from two distinct mechanisms. First, a planetary waveguide effect acts as a negative feedback on both PCs. The positive phases of PC1 and PC2, which correspond to poleward-shifted and accelerated jets, respectively, are first driven then canceled by planetary waves reflecting on the equatorward flank of the jet. A similar process occurs for the negative phases when planetary waves reflect on the poleward flank of the jet. Second, synoptic waves also exert a short-term negative feedback on PC2: when the jet accelerates, the enhanced meridional wind shear increases the barotropic sink of eddy energy and depletes it very rapidly, therefore preventing synoptic eddies from maintaining the accelerated jet. Finally, at lags longer than their typical time scale, synoptic eddies drive a positive feedback on PC1 only. This feedback can be explained by a baroclinic mechanism in which the jet shift modifies the baroclinicity, causing, first, eddy heat flux anomalies and, then, momentum convergence anomalies. This feedback is absent for PC2, despite some changes in the baroclinicity.
An Investigation of Intracluster Light Evolution Using Cosmological Hydrodynamical Simulations

Intracluster light (ICL) in observations is usually identified through the surface brightness limit (SBL) method. In this paper, for the first time we produce mock images of galaxy groups and clusters, using a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation to investigate the ICL fraction and focus on its dependence on observational parameters, e.g., the SBL, the effects of cosmological redshift-dimming, point-spread function (PSF), and CCD pixel size. Detailed analyses suggest that the width of the PSF has a significant effect on the measured ICL fraction, while the relatively small pixel size shows almost no influence. It is found that the measured ICL fraction depends strongly on the SBL. At a fixed SBL and redshift, the measured ICL fraction decreases with increasing halo mass, while with a much fainter SBL, it does not depend on halo mass at low redshifts. In our work, the measured ICL fraction shows a clear dependence on the cosmological redshift-dimming effect. It is found that there is more mass locked in the ICL component than light, suggesting that the use of a constant mass-to-light ratio at high surface brightness levels will lead to an underestimate of ICL mass. Furthermore, it is found that the radial profile of ICL shows a characteristic radius that is almost independent of halo mass. The current measurement of ICL from observations has a large dispersion due to different methods, and we emphasize the importance of using the same definition when observational results are compared with theoretical predictions.
Explorer Measure , Randomness and Sublocales

This paper investigates aspects of measure and randomness in the context of locale theory (point-free topology). We prove that every measure (σ-continuous valuation) μ, on the σ-frame of opens of a fitted σ-locale X, extends to a measure on the lattice of all σ-sublocales of X (Theorem 1). Furthermore, when μ is a finite measure with μ(X) = M , the σ-locale X has a smallest σ-sublocale of measure M (Theorem 2). In particular, when μ is a probability measure, X has a smallest σ-sublocale of measure 1. All σ prefixes can be dropped from these statements whenever X is a strongly Lindelöf locale, as is the case in the following applications. When μ is Lebesgue measure on Euclidean space R, Theorem 1 produces an isometry-invariant measure that, via the inclusion of the powerset P(R) in the lattice of sublocales, assigns a weight to every subset of R. (Contradiction is avoided because disjoint subsets need not be disjoint as sublocales.) When μ is the uniform probability measure on Cantor space {0, 1}, the smallest measure-1 sublocale, given by Theorem 2, provides a canonical locale of random sequences, where randomness means that all probabilistic laws (measure-1 properties) are satisfied.
Stackelberg–Nash exact controllability for linear and semilinear parabolic equations

This paper deals with the application of Stackelberg–Nash strategies to the control of parabolic equations. We assume that we can act on the system through a hierarchy of controls. A first control (the leader) is assumed to choose the policy. Then, a Nash equilibrium pair (corresponding to a noncooperative multiple-objective optimization strategy) is found; this governs the action of the other controls (the followers). The main novelty in this paper is that, this way, we can obtain the exact controllability to a prescribed (but arbitrary) trajectory. We study linear and semilinear problems and, also, problems with pointwise constraints on the followers.
Optimal Incentive Contracts for Loss-Averse Managers: Stock Options Versus Restricted Stock Grants

This paper provides an explanation for the widespread use of stock option grants in executive compensation. It shows that the optimal incentive contract for loss-averse managers must contain a substantial portion of stock options even when it should consist exclusively of stock grants for "classical" risk-averse managers. The paper also provides an explanation for the drastic increase in the risk-adjusted level of CEO compensations over the past two decades and argues that more option-based compensation should be used in firms with higher cash flow volatility and in industries with a higher degree of heterogeneity among firms.
Analysis of Fluvial Sediment Discharges into Kubanni Reservoir

The sediment discharges into the Kubanni Reservoir (KR) has been measured and analysed in this study. The predominant sandy-clay sediment in the reservoir has an estimated total sediment load of 20,387,000 kg/year. The depth and area coverage of the reservoir was surveyed using a defined distributed grid line configuration. By simple comparative analysis, KR had lost 48% (1.26 H 10 6 m 3 ) of its initial volume (2.6 H 10 6 m 3 ) to sedimentation in 33 years of its operation. This implies that the reservoir had experienced severe stacking of sediments over the past years. Fluvial discharge measurements and analytical data required for planning and management of sediment deposition in KR have also been obtained
Challenges of Migrating from Desktop-Based BIM in Construction

Recent studies increasingly offer new Building Information Modelling (BIM) solutions and some other studies are modelling BIM adoption and implementation practices. However, the migrating process from the current practice of using desktopbased BIM to a web-based BIM covering broader activities of the entire project lifecycle is complicated. This paper intends to develop the migrating process including main factors that inhibit higher level of web-based BIM usage (e.g. digital autonomous online systems) at construction companies. A case study approach is utilised to collect rich data from three contractors that provided best practices of using BIM in Sydney, Australia. The result of the study shows that there are ‘challenges’ that hinder pragmatists to migrate from lower level BIM usage to higher level BIM implementation at the construction companies. The key challenges of higher level of BIM usage from contractors’ point of view can be divided to technical and managerial challenges. Technical factors include availability of internet infrastructure for web-based BIM and compatibility with other available technologies. Managerial challenges include possibility of changing engineering procedure within contractor’s organisation and availability of expert and low skill workers. The study contributes in the body of knowledge by deepening understanding of challenges of BIM implementation for conservatives, which may follow pragmatists in adopting more advanced technologies. The results of the study help the industry policy makers who encourage contractors to use higher level of BIM by resolving the challenges and provide more supportive resources or infrastructure for contractors to cope the challenges. The study will expand to investigate more contractors and other AEC companies to continue to uncover more in-depth challenges. Future recommendations include comparing both the levels and types of challenges faced in different countries. The result can be generalised if many other cases investigated across the country. The study will be extended by focusing on infrastructure projects using more interviews, and developing a roadmap to facilitate the target in each country for web-based BIM implementation.