Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations between parent behavior and adolescent weight control.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between parent behaviors (i.e., parent weight change, self-monitoring of their behavior, and feeding practices and attitudes) and changes in adolescent BMI and weight following 16-weeks of behavioral weight control (BWC) intervention. METHOD Adolescents (N = 86) 13-16 years old and 30-90% overweight (M = 60.54%, SD = 15.10%) who completed BWC intervention and their parents. Adolescents were randomized to 1 of 2 interventions involving 16 consecutive weeks of active treatment with 4 biweekly maintenance sessions. Adolescent weight and BMI were measured at baseline and 16-weeks. Feeding practices were measured at baseline. Parent self-monitoring was measured during the intervention. RESULTS The only independently significant predictor of adolescent BMI change (p < .01) was parent BMI change. Greater parent self-monitoring (p < .01) predicted greater adolescent weight loss. Greater parent pressure to eat predicted less adolescent weight loss (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the potential importance of parent weight-related behaviors and feeding practices in the context of adolescent BWC.
Intrapartum antibiotics for known maternal Group B streptococcal colonization.

BACKGROUND Maternal colonization with group B streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy increases the risk of neonatal infection by vertical transmission. Administration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) during labor has been associated with a reduction in early onset GBS disease (EOGBSD). However, treating all colonized women during labor exposes a large number of women and infants to possible adverse effects without benefit. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of intrapartum antibiotics for maternal Group B haemolytic streptococci (GBS) colonization on mortality from any cause, from GBS infection and from organisms other than GBS. SEARCH METHODS We updated the search of the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register on 11 March 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized trials assessing the impact of maternal IAP on neonatal GBS infections were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We independently assessed eligibility and quality of the studies. MAIN RESULTS We did not identify any new trials from the updated search so the results remain unchanged as follows.We included four trials involving 852 women.Three trials (involving 500 women) evaluating the effects of IAP versus no treatment were included. The use of IAP did not significantly reduce the incidence of all cause mortality, mortality from GBS infection or from infections caused by bacteria other than GBS. The incidence of early GBS infection was reduced with IAP compared to no treatment (risk ratio (RR) 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04 to 0.74, three trials, 488 infants; risk difference -0.04, 95% CI -0.07 to -0.01; number needed to treat to benefit 25, 95% CI 14 to 100, I² 0%). The incidence of LOD or sepsis from organisms other than GBS and puerperal infection was not significantly different between groups.One trial (involving 352 women) compared intrapartum ampicillin versus penicillin and reported no significant difference in neonatal or maternal outcomes.We found a high risk of bias for one or more key domains in the study methodology and execution. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis appeared to reduce EOGBSD, but this result may well be due to bias as we found a high risk of bias for one or more key domains in the study methodology and execution. There is lack of evidence from well designed and conducted trials to recommend IAP to reduce neonatal EOGBSD.Ideally the effectiveness of IAP to reduce neonatal GBS infections should be studied in adequately sized double-blind controlled trials. The opportunity to conduct such trials has likely been lost, as practice guidelines (albeit without good evidence) have been introduced in many jurisdictions.
A Correlational Study of Physical Activity Comparing Thai Children With and Without Congenital Heart Disease

The aims of this descriptive correlational study were to compare physical activity of Thai children with congenital heart disease after corrective surgery (Group A) to the children without congenital heart disease (Group B) and to explore factors correlated with the level of physical activity in each group.A total of 320 subjects were purposively recruited: 80 school-aged children plus their parents in Group A from the cardiology clinic of a university hospital, and 80 matched-group children and their parents in Group B from two public primary schools. Data were collected using four instruments: 1) the Modified Thai Adolescent’s Physical Activity Questionnaire, 2) the Child Health Status Questionnaire-Forms I and II, 3) the Parental Knowledge about School-aged Children Physical Activity Scale, and 4) the Perceived Self-efficacy to Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation.The results revealed that physical activity of Group A in terms of total energy expenditure and mean duration of physical activity with moderate-to-vigorous intensity was less than Group B. In Group A, child perceived health status was significantly positively correlated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, but in Group B, child physical activity self-efficacy was a correlated factor. In both groups, parental knowledge of physical activity of school-aged children and parents’ perception of their children’s health status were not significantly correlated with physical activity.The findings indicate that pediatric nurses should encourage physical activity and provide information about it for children and their parents. However, a replication of this study with larger sample size and other possible factors is recommended.
Stress and coping in wheelchair sport participants

Top level sport for people with a disability is becoming more competitive, creating an environment in which the rewards for success and the disappointments associated with failure are often great. These are factors which clearly have the potential to place extreme psychological demands on sport performers with a disability. However, few investigations have specifically examined how athletes with a disability respond in highly stressful sporting situations. This thesis, therefore, reports 3 separate studies to investigate stress and coping in wheelchair sport participants. Study 1 examined pre-competition temporal patterning of anxiety and self-confidence in 103 wheelchair sport participants at 3 time periods preceding competition (1 week, 2 hours and 30 minutes before). The findings suggested that wheelchair sport participants show a similar pre-competition anxiety response to non-disabled sport participants. However, there were some differences, particularly in the reduction in self-confidence immediately prior to competition. The purpose of Study 2, therefore, was to explore possible: reasons as to why self-confidence may decrease in wheelchair sport participants" immediately prior to competition. Specifically, Study 2 considered the influence of disability status (i.e., possessing and not possessing a disability) on appraisal of a specific important competitive event, and how appraisal may be influenced by various psychosocial factors. The sample comprised of 75 wheelchair and 44 able-bodied sport participants. The findings showed that wheelchair and able-bodied sport participants had similar psychosocial resources and appraisal patterns; however, different factors predicted an important competitive event as challenging. Study 3 explored this further by investigating, via in-depth qualitative interviews, the sources of stress and coping responses in 10 elite male wheelchair basketball players. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed in combination to enable examination of stress source characteristics (degree of challenge, threat, harm, severity, control and frequency) and coping details (effectiveness and frequency). Whilst many of the findings were similar to those previously reported for elite able-bodied figure skaters, there were some differences. These differences appeared to relate to various disability factors and also the fact that the study was unique in examining team sport participants. Furthermore, the unique nature of the study obtaining information on stress source characteristics, and effectiveness and extent of use of coping strategies, proved to be extremely useful in gaining a more in-depth understanding of the complex stress-coping process. Finally, the findings from the three studies reported in this thesis enabled a model of stress and coping for wheelchair sport participants to be developed. In summary, the studies presented used a range of methodologies to enable an in-depth understanding of stress and coping in wheelchair sport, whilst simultaneously supporting and extending previous research in the sport domain.
Acceptance of pain: associations with depression, catastrophizing, and functional disability among children and adolescents in an interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation program.

OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were: (1) investigate relations between pain acceptance, depressive symptoms, catastrophizing, and functional disability in pediatric patients in an interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation program, (2) examine changes in acceptance from pre- to posttreatment, and (3) test if changes in acceptance predict changes in depressive symptoms, catastrophizing, and functional disability from pre- to posttreatment. METHODS 112 participants, ages 11-18 years, completed the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, Adolescent Version, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression-Children's Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children, and Functional Disability Inventory on admission to and completion of the program. RESULTS Significant and strong relations between acceptance, depression, catastrophizing, and functional disability were demonstrated. Participants demonstrated significant increases in acceptance and decreases in depression, catastrophizing, and functional disability. Finally, changes in acceptance significantly predicted changes in depressive symptoms, catastrophizing, and functional disability. CONCLUSIONS Pain acceptance is an important variable in the treatment of pediatric chronic pain.
ApplicAtion of tHe nUrsing ActiVities score in pAtients WitH HigH dependencY on nUrsing cAre AplicAciÓn del NURSING ACTIVITIES SCORE en pAcientes de AltA dependenciA de enfermerÍA

ABstrAct: The objectives of this exploratory-descriptive study were to evaluate the applicability of the Nursing Activities Score as an instrument to measure workload in caring for patients classified into the category of high dependency on nursing care and to correlate the obtained mean scores with mean time of assistance proclaimed by the Brazilian Federal Nursing Council. Data was collected to determine the Nursing Activities Score in the period from July 13th to August 1, 2007 through means of consulting the patient charts of those interned in the high dependency ward of an out-patient clinic of a Medical Clinical Unit. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and measure of variability. The instrument was effective for these patients, while the establishment of guidelines was needed for its application. It was concluded that the patient classified as high dependant on nursing care needs on average of 12.3 hours of assistance within a 24-hour period. resUmen: Estudio de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo, cuyos objetivos fueron: evaluar la aplicabilidad del
Specialist teams for neonatal transport to neonatal intensive care units for prevention of morbidity and mortality.

BACKGROUND Maternal antenatal transfers provide better neonatal outcomes. However, there will inevitably be some infants who require acute transport to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Because of this, many institutions develop services to provide neonatal transport by specially trained health personnel. However, few studies report on relevant clinical outcomes in infants requiring transport to NICU. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of specialist transport teams compared with non-specialist transport teams on the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity among high-risk newborn infants requiring transport to neonatal intensive care. SEARCH METHODS We used the standard search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL 2015, Issue 7), MEDLINE (1966 to 31 July 2015), EMBASE (1980 to 31 July 2015), CINAHL (1982 to 31 July 2015), conference proceedings, and the reference lists of retrieved articles for randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised trials. SELECTION CRITERIA STUDY DESIGN randomised, quasi-randomised or cluster randomised controlled trials. POPULATION neonates requiring transport to a neonatal intensive care unit. INTERVENTION transport by a specialist team compared to a non-specialist team. OUTCOMES any of the following outcomes - death; adverse events during transport leading to respiratory compromise; and condition on admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS The methodological quality of the trials was assessed using the information provided in the studies and by personal communication with the author. Data on relevant outcomes were extracted and the effect size estimated and reported as risk ratio (RR), risk difference (RD), number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) or number needed to treat for an additional harmful outcome (NNTH) and mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes. Data from cluster randomised trials were not combined for analysis. MAIN RESULTS One trial met the inclusion criteria of this review but was considered ineligible owing to serious bias in the reporting of the results. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is no reliable evidence from randomised trials to support or refute the effects of specialist neonatal transport teams for neonatal retrieval on infant morbidity and mortality. Cluster randomised trial study designs may be best suited to provide us with answers on effectiveness and clinical outcomes.
Impact of rapid on‐site evaluation on the adequacy of endoscopic‐ultrasound guided fine‐needle aspiration of solid pancreatic lesions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) has the potential to improve adequacy rates for endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) of solid pancreatic lesions, but its impact is context‐dependent. No studies exist that summarize the relationship between ROSE, number of needle passes, and resulting adequacy rates.
Celiac plexus block for pancreatic cancer pain in adults.

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer causes severe pain in 50 to 70% of patients and is often difficult to treat. Celiac plexus block (CPB) is thought to be a safe and effective technique for reducing the severity of pain. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy and safety of celiac plexus neurolysis in reducing pancreatic cancer pain, and to identify adverse effects and differences in efficacy between the different techniques. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, GATEWAY and EMBASE from 1990 to December 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of CPB by the percutaneous approach or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided neurolysis in adults with pancreatic cancer at any stage, with a minimum of four weeks follow-up. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We recorded details of study design, participants, disease, setting, outcome assessors, pain intensity (visual analogue scale (VAS)) and methods of calculation. MAIN RESULTS The search identified 102 potentially eligible studies. Judged from the information in the title and abstract six of these concerning the percutaneous block, involving 358 participants, fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. All were RCTs in which the participants were followed for at least four weeks. We excluded studies published only as abstracts. We identified one RCT comparing EUS-guided or computed tomography (CT) -guided CPB but its aim was to assess efficacy in controlling chronic abdominal pain associated with chronic pancreatitis rather than pancreatic cancer, so it was excluded.For pain (VAS) at four weeks the mean difference was -0.42 in favour of CPB (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.70 to - 0.13, P = 0.004, fixed-effect model). At eight weeks the mean difference was -0.44 (95% CI -0.89 to - 0.01, random-effects model). At eight weeks there was significant heterogeneity (I(2) = 89%). Opioid consumption was significantly lower in the CPB group than the control group (P < 0.00001). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Although statistical evidence is minimal for the superiority of pain relief over analgesic therapy, the fact that CPB causes fewer adverse effects than opioids is important for patients. Further studies and RCTs are recommended to demonstrate the potential efficacy of a less invasive technique under EUS guidance.
Impact of Body Mass Index on Fasting Blood Glucose Concentration among Helicobacter pylori Carriers

Background/Aims: Despite the fact that Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is regarded as a major gastroduodenal pathogen, it has recently been suggested to be an important factor for non-gastroenterologic conditions such as diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, it seems that Hp infection may have implications in glycemic control and in fasting plasma glucose concentrations. As overnutrition and obesity are directly related to impaired glucose tolerance, the aim of the present study was to determine whether Hp infection leads to alterations in fasting plasma glucose concentrations of Hp carriers and especially in relation to their body mass index. Methods: Serum was obtained from 224 young, male navy recruits. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect Hp-specific IgG serum antibodies as well as gastroscopy along with biopsy was used to identify the infected individuals. Serum levels of glucose, urea, creatinine and uric acid were also determined. Non-fasting subjects and persons with abnormal oral glucose tolerance curve test were excluded. Results: Among Hp-positive individuals, obese persons presented with a significantly lower mean blood glucose level than non-obese persons. Obese Hp-contaminated participants had significantly lower mean fasting blood glucose concentrations as well as a significantly smaller percentage of participants with abnormal elevated blood glucose levels than obese participants negative to Hp infection. Conclusions: Our data suggest that obesity in combination with Hp infection may induce an enhanced response to insulin leading to reduced fasting blood glucose levels, among Hp-positive obese persons in comparison to Hp-positive lean persons.
Cone-mediated multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in early age-related maculopathy (early ARM) and its relationship with subjective macular function tests

Purpose. To investigate the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and subjective function in early age-related maculopathy (ARM). Methods. Seventeen subjects with early ARM with visual acuity (VA) of 6/12 or better and 20 age-matched control subjects were examined. We assessed mfERGs, high and low contrast distance VA, near VA, low luminance VA, contrast sensitivity, saturated and desaturated Panel D-15 and visual fields (mean sensitivity). The mfERG responses were analysed by comparing central-overall (method 1) and superior-inferior (method 2) ratios. Results. The mfERG did not discriminate between the groups whereas colour vision (tritan deficiency), contrast sensitivity, and high contrast and low contrast VA showed significantly reduced responses for the early ARM group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.01). The mfERG first-order kernel responses correlated significantly with the desaturated D-15 in both methods (r = −0.5, p ≤ 0.05). Fundus grading was not correlated with the mfERG measures. Conclusions. Although the mfERG correlated significantly with the desaturated D-15 in early ARM, suggesting it operates at a sensitive level, it failed to discriminate between the control and ARM groups. In our sample, the subjective function measures were more sensitive than the mfERG measures.
LIFE QUALITY RELATED TO ORAL HEALTH OF SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM BUCHAREST

To achieve an overview of oral health status, in addition to the traditional methods of oral health assessment that used only indices of clinical dental health, there has been recently evaluated the impact of oral diseases on life quality. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to asses the prevalence and severity of oral health impact on life quality of schoolchildren in Bucharest using the Child-OIDP index. Methods: 413 children aged 11-13 yrs were clinically examined based on WHO guidelines and they filled-in a Child-OIDP questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of oral health impact on life was of 57.4%, of which, the most affected function was the act of eating (46.1% of children), followed by the impact on dental hygiene (21.9%) and on emotional stability (13%). With regard to the impact intensity, 43.8% of schoolchildren pointed out extremely severe effects, 3.8% severe effects, 14.1% moderate effects, 8.7% low impact and 45% very low impact on daily performance. The main causes of negative impact on daily performances were: tooth decay (57.4%), permanent teeth eruption (39.8%), primary teeth exfoliation (37.7%), toothaches (36.5%) and sensitive teeth (31.6%). Most of the children (42.6%) reported no impact of oral health and 52.5% reported impacts on 1-4 activities. The severity of impacts was high in the case of food consumption and emotional stability and low in respect of school activity and social life. Conclusions: The prevalence of negative effects of oral health on daily life of children was moderate, with a low severity level of effects. The major causes of these effects were tooth decay, primary teeth exfoliation, toothaches, sensitive teeth and bleeding gums. Oral health condition affected the life quality of children mainly by its impact on eating, oral hygiene, emotional stability and appearance.
Tension Free Mesh Repair is an Effective Treatment of Inguinal Hernia: An Observational Study

Inguinal hernias are common and the results of surgical repair are often satisfactory but recurrence rate are variable. To prevent recurrences prosthetic materials have been increasingly used in hernia repair. In this study Lichtenstein technique of tension free mesh repair for inguinal hernia done in 140 cases in the period from July 2010 to June 2012 and outcome measured in terms of early and late morbidity especially recurrences. Seroma developed in 08 patients (5.6%) and haematoma and transient testicular swelling developed in 06 patients (4.2%) and 15 patients (10.6%) respectively. Only 2 patients (1.4%) developed wound infection and 01 patients (.71%) developed recurrences of hernia. Post operative neuralgia developed in 05 cases (3.5%). During follow up period no mesh rejection and discharging wound sinus related to presence of foreign body is observed in the study. So Lichtenstein tension free repair of inguinal hernia is safe and effective method where recurrence rate is reasonably low. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i1. 15900 Medicine Today 2013 Vol.25(1): 6-8