Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Ambulance Time of Arrival to the Emergency Department Using Global Positioning System and Google Maps

Abstract Objective. To derive and validate a model that accurately predicts ambulance arrival time that could be implemented as a Google Maps web application. Methods. This was a retrospective study of all scene transports in Multnomah County, Oregon, from January 1 through December 31, 2008. Scene and destination hospital addresses were converted to coordinates. ArcGIS Network Analyst was used to estimate transport times based on street network speed limits. We then created a linear regression model to improve the accuracy of these street network estimates using weather, patient characteristics, use of lights and sirens, daylight, and rush-hour intervals. The model was derived from a 50% sample and validated on the remainder. Significance of the covariates was determined by p < 0.05 for a t-test of the model coefficients. Accuracy was quantified by the proportion of estimates that were within 5 minutes of the actual transport times recorded by computer-aided dispatch. We then built a Google Maps-based web application to demonstrate application in real-world EMS operations. Results. There were 48,308 included transports. Street network estimates of transport time were accurate within 5 minutes of actual transport time less than 16% of the time. Actual transport times were longer during daylight and rush-hour intervals and shorter with use of lights and sirens. Age under 18 years, gender, wet weather, and trauma system entry were not significant predictors of transport time. Our model predicted arrival time within 5 minutes 73% of the time. For lights and sirens transports, accuracy was within 5 minutes 77% of the time. Accuracy was identical in the validation dataset. Lights and sirens saved an average of 3.1 minutes for transports under 8.8 minutes, and 5.3 minutes for longer transports. Conclusions. An estimate of transport time based only on a street network significantly underestimated transport times. A simple model incorporating few variables can predict ambulance time of arrival to the emergency department with good accuracy. This model could be linked to global positioning system data and an automated Google Maps web application to optimize emergency department resource use. Use of lights and sirens had a significant effect on transport times. Key words: emergency medical services; prehospital emergency care.
Microdosimetry measurements characterizing the radiation fields of 300 MeV/u 12C and 185 MeV/u 7Li pencil beams stopping in water

In order to characterize the complex radiation field produced by heavy-ion beams in water, in particular the lateral dose fall-off and the radiation quality, microdosimetry measurements were performed at GSI Darmstadt using pencil-like beams of 300 MeV/u 12C and 185 MeV/u 7Li ions delivered by the heavy-ion synchrotron SIS-18. The ion beams (range in water about 17 cm) were stopped in the center of a 30 × 30 × 30 cm3 water phantom and their radiation field was investigated by in-phantom measurements using a tissue-equivalent proportional chamber (TEPC). The chamber was placed at 35 different positions in the central plane at various depths along the beam axis and at radial distances of 0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 cm. The off-axis measurements for both 12C and 7Li ions show very similar distributions of the lineal energy, all peaking between 1 and 10 which is a typical range covered by secondary hydrogen fragments and neutrons. The radiation quality given by the dose-mean lineal energy was found to be at a constant level of 1–2 at radial distances larger than 2 cm. The relative absorbed dose at each position was obtained by integration of the measured spectra normalized to the number of incident primary beam particles. The results confirm that the lateral dose profile of heavy ions shows an extremely steep fall-off, with relative values of about 10−3, 10−4 and 10−5 at the 2, 5 and 10 cm distance from the beam axis, respectively. The depth–dose curves at a fixed distance from the beam axis slowly rise until they reach the depth of the Bragg peak, reflecting the build-up of secondary fragments with increasing penetration depth. The measured 12C dose profiles were found to be in good agreement with a similar experimental study at HIMAC (Japan).
Etiology of traumatic dental injuries in 11 to 13-year-old schoolchildren.

PURPOSE To assess place, activities and human intention related to Traumatic Dental Injuries (TDI) events in 11 to 13-year-old schoolchildren in Biguaçu, Brazil. Also, to test the association between socio-economic status and TDI. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey (n = 2,260) was carried out. A trained and calibrated dentist collected the data through clinical examinations and interviews. Clinical examination included the type of TDI, the treatment required and provided, the size of incisal overjet and the type of lip coverage. RESULTS The response rate was 90.6%. The prevalence of TDI was 10.7%. Boys experienced more TDI than girls, 13.6% and 7.6% respectively (P < 0.001). Fathers' and mothers' levels of education were not statistically associated with TDI (P > 0.05). Children who had an incisal overjet greater than 5 mm had more dental injuries than those whose incisal overjet was less than 5 mm (P = 0.003). There was no association between inadequate lip coverage and TDI (P > 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that maleness and incisal overjet remained statistically associated with dental injuries, after adjusting for other risk factors. The main activities associated with TDI were physical leisure activities (28.9%), playing with other people (18.2%), collisions (9.1%), and falls (8.3%). Common places where the TDI event occurred were at home (42.6%), in the street (21.5%) and at school (9.5%). 29.2% of TDI were the result of the actions of another person. CONCLUSION The most common TDI events were physical leisure activities, most TDI occurred at home, and the actions of another person were an important factor in relation to the occurrence of TDI.
Effects of repeated administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on 5-hydroxytryptamine neuronal activity and release in the rat brain in vivo.

In experimental animals, administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) leads to extensive, but incomplete, loss of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) innervation in the brain. Here, we report the effects of MDMA on 5-HT neuronal function measured in the rat in vivo using electrophysiological and microdialysis techniques. Two weeks after administration of an established neurotoxic regimen of MDMA (20 mg/kg s.c., twice daily for 4 days) we found; 1) no change in either the density or the firing activity of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus; 2) no change in basal extracellular 5-HT in either the frontal cortex or the hippocampus, although extracellular 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was reduced by about 50% in both regions; and 3) no change in the amount of 5-HT released in the hippocampus in response to electrical stimulation (5 Hz) of either the dorsal or medial raphe nucleus, but a marked reduction in the amount of 5-HT released in the frontal cortex after electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus. In summary, although MDMA causes marked 5-HT neurotoxicity, our data suggest that 5-HT cell firing is unchanged and, furthermore, that 5-HT release is maintained in some (but not all) forebrain regions even in response to physiological levels of stimulation.
Tacrolimus Pharmacogenetics: The CYP3A5*1 Allele Predicts Low Dose-Normalized Tacrolimus Blood Concentrations in Whites and South Asians

Previously, we demonstrated that the dose-normalized tacrolimus blood concentration after renal transplantation was associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CYP3AP1 gene, probably through linkage with an SNP in the CYP3A5 gene. Individuals with at least one CYP3A5*1 allele synthesize CYP3A5 and CYP3A5*3/*3 homozygotes do not. We now present results with direct typing of the CYP3A5 genotype for this group of 180 kidney-only transplant recipients from a single center. South Asian and white patients with at least one CYP3A5*1 allele achieved twofold lower dose-normalized tacrolimus blood concentrations compared with CYP3A5*3/*3 homozygotes, confirming our previous findings for the CYP3AP1 SNP. There was a significant delay in achieving target blood concentrations in those with at least one CYP3A5*1 allele. Determination of the CYP3A5*1/*3 genotype could be used to predict the tacrolimus dose requirement and, given incomplete linkage, would be better than determination of the CYP3AP1 genotype.
Machine Learning Assisted Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Temperature Sensing

This letter proposes an alternative approach to the signal processing of temperature measurements based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) using the machine learning tool Gaussian process regression (GPR). The experimental results show that for a majority of the cases under consideration, the reported technique provides a more accurate calculation of the temperature than the conventional methods. Furthermore, the GPR can give the uncertainty of an estimate together with the estimate itself, which for example is useful when it is important to know the worst-case scenario of a measurand. The GPR also has the potential to improve the measurement speed of FBG-based temperature sensing compared to current standards.
Stress-induced prolactin release in female, male and androgenized rats: influence of progesterone treatment.

Ether stress applied at 10.00 h induced a 100% increase in serum prolactin in intact and ovariectomized androgenized rats. Ovariectomy significantly diminished the basal serum prolactin values observed in intact androgenized rats. Two doses of progesterone (5 mg) given to intact and ovariectomized androgenized rats 14 and 2 h before exposure to ether stress increased prolactin values in the control groups but completely prevented the effect of stress. Exposure to ether stress induced a 100% increase in serum prolactin values in androgenized rats with increased serum progesterone levels 4 days after the induction of ovulation and the luteal phase with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). A group of androgenized rats with induced maternal behaviour and which had been suckled for 6 days was given 100 i.u. hCG and suckled for another 6 days after the hCG-induced luteal phase had been established. The serum prolactin and progesterone values of these rats were significantly higher than those treated with hCG only and ether stress did not increase prolactin release. A greatly increased serum concentration of prolactin was obtained in pro-oestrous and oestrous virgin rats after exposure to ether stress. Serum prolactin was also increased by stress in male rats. Progesterone administration to these female and male rats prevented stress-induced prolactin release. To ascertain the part played by dopamine and serotonin in the effect of stress on prolactin release, groups of androgenized and oestrous female rats were treated with bromocriptine or p-chlorophenylalanine methylester hydrochloride (pCPA). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The validity and reliability of the Sense of Coherence scale among Indian university students

Background: The importance of salutogenesis, with the focus of what creates health rather than what causes diseases, has been highlighted for a long time. This has been operationalized by Aaron Antonovsky as the Sense of Coherence (SOC-13) scale. The aim of this study was to further examine the psychometric properties of the SOC-13 in India. Methods: The present study was carried out among second-year degree students at three randomly chosen institutions at Mangalore University. Investigators assessed the appropriateness, relevance, comprehensiveness and understandability of the scale. Further, the scale was assessed by five subject experts. The SOC-13 was then pretested by administering it to peers, individuals and a few of the study subjects. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and split-half reliability. Test-retest reliability was assessed by administering the instrument to the same study participants after two weeks. Confirmatory factor analysis employing varimax rotation was employed. Results: The SOC-13 revealed a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.76. Split-half reliability and Guttman split-half reliability were found to be 0.71 and 0.70, respectively. Test-retest reliability was found to be 0.71 (p < 0.01). Factor analysis revealed a three-factor solution explaining 40.53% of the variation in SOC. Conclusions: SOC-13 was found to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring SOC in an Indian context. The present study contributes to health promotion in an Indian context, and could be useful even in other developing countries and for further research in India.
Computer science in Eastern Europe 1989-2014: a bibliometric study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the development of research in computer science in 15 Eastern European countries following the breaching of the Berlin Wall in 1989. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted a bibliometric analysis of 82,121 computer science publications indexed in the Web of Science database and investigated publication, citation, and collaboration patterns of the individual countries. Findings – Poland has been the most productive country, followed by Russia, the Czech Republic, Romania, Hungary, and Slovenia. Publication rates have increased substantially over the period, but this has not been accompanied by a corresponding increase in the quality of the publications. Hungary and Slovenia are the most influential countries in terms of citations per paper. Artificial Intelligence is the most frequently occurring computer science subject category, with Interdisciplinary Applications the category with the greatest impact. USA, Germany, UK, France, and Canada are t.
Serving Our Youth 2015: The Needs and Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Youth Experiencing Homelessness

This report reviews responses from providers of homeless youth services about their experiences working with LGBTQ youth. Homelessness service providers estimate that sexual and gender minority youth are over-represented among those experiencing homelessness, have been homeless longer and face more mental and physical health problems. Providers were more likely to report that transgender youth experienced these problems at higher rates than other youth.
Perceived Job Security and its Effects on Job Performance: Unionized VS. NonUnionized Organizations

This research examined whether perceived job security positively impacts the effectiveness of job performance amongemployees of unionized organizations vs employees of non-unionized organizations. Job security’s effect on job performance wasidentified, as well as the difference in the perception of job security among employees from unionized vs non-unionizedorganizations. The sample consisted of 100 employees from different positions and different organizations, with both union andnon-union participation from the Miami International Airport. They were surveyed on a Likert scale questionnaire that had itemstargeted to measure their perception of job security, and job performance. The evidence yielded results that supported theliterature review, and indicated that employees are more susceptible to show better performance in their work place when in thecontext of the security offered by unionized organizations. The results indicated that the security offered by union participantorganizations can be used as a predictor of increased job performance, and to some extent to the employee’s behavior within theorganization.
The Scarf Osteotomy for the Treatment of Hallux Valgus Deformity: A Review of 84 Cases

This study reviewed the subjective, clinical and radiological outcome of 71 patients (84 feet) treated by scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus deformity at our institution from 1995 to 1998 with an average follow-up time of 22 months (range, 17 to 48 months). At the time of follow-up, 39% of the patients were very satisfied, 50% were satisfied and 11% were not satisfied. The mean AOFAS score raised significantly from 43 points (14–68) preoperatively to 82 points (39 to 100) at follow-up (p < 0.001). The radiological angles including M1-M2, M1-P1, M1-M5 and DMAA improved significantly (p < 0.001). Among the 16 complications recorded, seven (8%) were minor and nine (11%) required an additional procedure. The scarf osteotomy of the first metatarsal coupled with a lateral soft-tissue release and, in three-quarters of our cases, with a basal closing wedge varisation osteotomy of the first phalanx, resulted in overall high satisfaction rate as well as significant clinical and radiological improvements in our series. Nevertheless, the range of motion of the first MP joint remained low: 30° to 74° in 52 patients (62%) and <30° in four patients (5%). Furthermore, the mobility of the first ray as well as the consequences of the procedure in the sagittal plane need to be assessed more accurately, and this may be achieved by incorporating measurement of the plantar pressures in the forefoot area into the global rating system.
The relationship between job status, gender and work-related stress amongst middle-aged employees in a computer manufacturing company.

Work-related stress has been noted as a risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease. Karasek et al. have proposed two scales of 'decision latitude' (DL) and 'job demand' (JD) to measure the magnitude of work-related stress, and found that people with high JD and low DL showed an increased incidence of ischemic heart diseased. Johnson et al. have proposed a revised model of work-related stress which included 'work-related social support' (SS) as another scale. Low scores of SS were associated with increasing incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease 2). Re cently, Kawakami et al.3) introduced a Japanese language version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) formulated by Karasek. The aim of the pre sent study is to examine the relationship between job status, gender and work-related stress measured using the Karasek model. Subjects and Methods The target subjects were 308 workers aged 35 or older working in a computer manufacturing compa ny (of total worker force was about 2,000) located in the Hokuriku area of Japan. A self-administered questionnaire of the JCQ (the Japanese language version) was completed by the subjects during a health examination. The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions con cerning JD (9 items), DL (9 items) and SS (8 items). The subjects were requested to select one of four answers (strongly disagree, disagree, agree or strongly agree) to each question, and their scores were calculated following the Likert scale3) of 1 to 4. The scores of DL were the sum of the lower grade scale of 6 questions on 'skill discretion' (SD) and 3 questions on 'decision authority' (DA). The scores of SS were the sum of the lower grade scale of 4 questions related to 'supervisor support' (SS') and 4 on 'coworker support' (CS). The scores of JD were directly calculated from the 9 questions. Responses were obtained from 234 men and 51 women (93% of the target subjects). Confident co efficients (Cronbach a) according to internal consis tency were calculated, and judged to be satisfactory if they were 0.75 or above. The subjects were engaged in computer design, manufacture, management, and clerical work. They were divided into three categories of job status as follows: 124 managers (line staff supervisors: all male), permanent employees (110 male and 31 female) and 21 temporary employees (all female). The mean scores were compared between the
Determinants of Cancer Early Detection Behaviors:Application of Protection Motivation Theory.

BACKGROUND Cancer is account for 13% of all deaths around the world and is the third cause of mortality in Iran. More than one third of these cases are pre-ventable and about 33% are curable with early detection. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of cancer early detection (CED) behaviors applying Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, cluster sampling method was employed to recruit 260 individuals of above 20 years old in Yazd, Iran and a researcher designed questionnaire was completed through interviews for each of the respondents. PMT theoretical variables and CED behaviors were the basis of data collection procedure. RESULTS Participants acquired 64.47% of the protection motivation, 30.97% of the passive and 45.64% of the active behaviors‟ possible scores. Theory constructs predicted 19.8%, 15.6% and 9.6% of the variations for protection motivation, passive and active behavior respectively. Protection motivation was responsible for 3.6% of passive and 8% of active behaviors‟ variations. CONCLUSION Considering the scarceness of CED behaviors and the applicability of PMT in predicting these behaviors, utilization of the PMT‟s constructs in any interventional programs to accelerate CED behaviors could be an alternate methodological choice in the cancer control initiatives.
Automated DC Offset Calibration Strategy for Structural Health Monitoring Based on Portable CW Radar Sensor

This paper introduces a strategy for automatically selecting dc offset calibration methods on a 2.4-GHz continuous wave (CW) radar sensor, which measures displacement for the purpose of structural health monitoring. Obtaining accurate displacement measurements using CW radar requires the successful application of dc offset calibration. This article compares four commonly applied dc offset calibration methods with a focus on each of the methods' accuracy and efficiency for different measurement signal characteristics. Simulation results are presented to evaluate the accuracy of each method. An advanced systematic strategy for selecting the most appropriate method based on signal characteristics is developed. The automated selection strategy is implemented in software and validated on experimental data.
CD40L-Containing Virus-Like Particle as a Candidate HIV-1 Vaccine Targeting Dendritic Cells

The central role of dendritic cell (DC) in mounting an immune response to a novel antigen is now well established. We sought to demonstrate the use of a particular vaccine strategy based on directing HIV-1 Gag proteins to DCs in conjunction with an activation signal. CD40L was expressed on the surface of virus-like particles (VLPs) to target HIV-1 Gag antigens to the CD40 receptor on DCs, whereas CD40L-CD40 interaction would also result in cellular activation. Multiple CD40L VLP constructs were made and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Indeed, one VLP that expressed CD40L to the highest level showed greatest capacity to activate DCs in vitro. Correspondingly, this CD40L-VLP also proved to be most immunogenic in mice in raising both humoral and cellular responses to HIV-1 Gag. Confirmatory studies were performed to demonstrate the increased immunogenicity of CD40L-VLP is no longer observed when tested in CD40-/- mice. Our findings lend support to the belief that vaccine strategies that both target and activate DCs could yield a superior immune response.