Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal and intra-diurnal variability of small-scale gravity waves in OH airglow at two Alpine stations

Abstract. Between December 2013 and August 2017 the instrument FAIM (Fast Airglow IMager) observed the OH airglow emission at two Alpine stations. A year of measurements was performed at Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany (48.09∘ N, 11.28∘ E) and 2 years at Sonnblick, Austria (47.05∘ N, 12.96∘ E). Both stations are part of the network for the detection of mesospheric change (NDMC). The temporal resolution is two frames per second and the field-of-view is 55 km × 60 km and 75 km × 90 km at the OH layer altitude of 87 km with a spatial resolution of 200 and 280 m per pixel, respectively. This resulted in two dense data sets allowing precise derivation of horizontal gravity wave parameters. The analysis is based on a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform with fully automatic peak extraction. By combining the information of consecutive images, time-dependent parameters such as the horizontal phase speed are extracted. The instrument is mainly sensitive to high-frequency small- and medium-scale gravity waves. A clear seasonal dependency concerning the meridional propagation direction is found for these waves in summer in the direction to the summer pole. The zonal direction of propagation is eastwards in summer and westwards in winter. Investigations of the data set revealed an intra-diurnal variability, which may be related to tides. The observed horizontal phase speed and the number of wave events per observation hour are higher in summer than in winter.
Developing programs to support childheaded households in Zambia: critical lessons

As a phenomenon child headed households have emerged in most sub-Saharan African countries hardest hit by HIV/AIDS and poverty. The impact of HIV/AIDS in particular has devastated the capacity of communities to provide critical care to vulnerable young people affected by HIV/AIDS. As challenges faced by child headed households intensify a plethora of programs has emerged as a frontline response to this problem. Some programs have shown promise in terms of positively impacting child headed households. But more needs to be done to improve their overall well-being. In order to make a contribution to this area this study used a qualitative approach to conduct focus groups for sixteen Africans living in Richmond, Virginia with a view to developing a program for child headed households in Zambia. Using thematic analysis and data units to analyze the data results suggest that feasibility, content and quality are critical components for programs targeting child headed households. Results also highlight need to pay attention to funding, staff training, collaboration, education and civic education, health services, targeted services, involvement of young people, community involvement, and extended Families.
Time-Deformation Modeling of Stock Returns Directed by Duration Processes

This paper proposes a new time-deformation model for stock returns sampled in transaction time and directed by a generalized duration process. Stochastic volatility in this model is driven by an observed duration process and a latent autoregressive process. Parameter estimation in the model is carried out by using a method of simulated moments (MSM) due to its analytical tractability and numerical stability for the proposed model. Simulations are conducted to validate the choice of moments used in the formulation of MSM. Both simulation and empirical results indicate that the proposed MSM works well for the model. The main empirical findings from the analysis of IBM transaction return data include: (i) the return distribution conditional on the duration process is not Gaussian, even though the duration process itself can marginally serve as a directing process; (ii) the return process is highly leveraged; (iii) longer trade duration tends to be associated with higher return volatility; and (iv) the proposed model is capable of reproducing a return process whose marginal density function is close to that of the empirical return process.
AVO for Pre-Resonant and Resonant Frequency Ranges of a Periodical Thin-Layered Stack

A new method for computation of seismic AVO attributes such as intercept and gradient, is proposed. By combining detailed sedimentological modeling with well logs, we compute alternative net-to-gross and porosity logs. The method is developed for reservoirs consisting of ultra-thin sand-shale layers, as for instance turbidite reservoirs.
Baker-Akhiezer functions and generalised Macdonald-Mehta integrals

For the rational Baker-Akhiezer functions associated with special arrangements of hyperplanes with multiplicities we establish an integral identity, which may be viewed as a generalisation of the self-duality property of the usual Gaussian function with respect to the Fourier transformation. We show that the value of properly normalised Baker-Akhiezer function at the origin can be given by an integral of Macdonald-Mehta type and explicitly compute these integrals for all known Baker-Akhiezer arrangements. We use the Dotsenko-Fateev integrals to extend this calculation to all deformed root systems, related to the non-exceptional basic classical Lie superalgebras.
Amygdala compensation during short- and long-term changes in socialemotional and non-social-emotional contexts

Als Teil des limbischen Systems ist die Amygdala von groser Bedeutung fur die Bildung und Aufrechterhaltung interpersoneller Beziehungen. Daruber hinaus dient die Amygdala mit ihrer starken Konnektivitat zu anderen Hirnregionen als Zentrum der emotionalen Verarbeitung und vermittelt daruber hinaus kognitive Funktionen (Pessoa, 2008; LeDoux, 2007). Unser Verstandnis von der Amygdala wachst kontinuierlich, da sowohl Bildgebungs- als auch Verhaltensstudien zunehmend verwendet werden, um die Rolle der Amygdala in klinischen Storungen zu untersuchen, und da die pharmakologische Modulation der Amygdala haufiger eingesetzt wird. Die Amygdala hat sich primar als Detektor sozialer und emotionaler Salienz herausgestellt. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist zu untersuchen, wie die Amygdala zum einen in ihren sozio-emotionalen und zum anderen in ihrer nicht sozio-emotionalen Funktionen beeinflusst werden kann. Zuerst werden in einem Literaturreview die Aktivierungsmuster der Amygdala nach sozialen und nichtsozialen chemosensorischen Stimuli untersucht (Patin & Pause, 2015). Anschliesend wird eine Reihe von Studien vorgestellt, in denen verschiedene sozio-emotionale und nicht sozio-emotionale Funktionen untersucht werden, inklusive Studien mit chemischer Modulation (Eckstein et al., 2015a; Onur et al., 2012), die eine kurzfristige, externe Modulation darstellen, und Lasionsstudien (Bach et al., 2011; Talmi et al., 2010), die eine langfristige, interne Modulation darstellen. Die Publikationen zeigen, dass die Amygdala auf sozial und emotional relevante chemosensorische Stimuli unterschiedlich reagiert; die linke Amygdala haufiger auf sowohl angenehme, nicht soziale als auch soziale Stimuli und die rechte Amygdala haufiger auf unangenehme, nichtsoziale Stimuli (Patin & Pause, 2015). Wenn man die Wirkung kurzfristiger chemischer Modulation untersucht, zeigen Probanden Verhaltensdefizite und neurale Veranderungen (Eckstein et al., 2015; Onur et al., 2012), was darauf hinweist, dass ihre sozio-emotionale Rolle nach einer kurzfristigen, plotzlichen Funktionsblockade nicht kompensiert werden kann. Auf der anderen Seite kann jedoch eine langfristige Amygdala-Dysfunktion aufgrund kongenitaler, Amygdala-selektiver Lasionen vor allem in einem emotionalen Kontext (Bach et al., 2011), aber auch zum grosten Teil in einer nicht emotionalen Situation (Talmi et al., 2010) kompensiert werden. Insgesamt weisen die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass die Amygdala eine komplexe Region darstellt, die die Fahigkeit besitzt, Stimuli nach der sozialen und emotionalen Relevanz zu durchsieben und differenzieren. Daruber hinaus scheint die bedeutsame Rolle der Amygdala in sozio-emotionaler Verarbeitung so gros zu sein, dass eine sofortige Kompensation im Fall einer fehlenden Aktivitat unmoglich ist. Auf der anderen Seite ist die Amygdala wichtig genug, dass sich langfristige Kompensationsmechanismen schlieslich bilden.
Allelopathic Potentiality of Medicinal Plant Leucas aspera

Excessive use of herbicide in the crop field threatens the environment by destroying flora and fauna. Allelopathic substances could be act as substitutes of chemical herbicides to suppress the target plants. Leucas aspera (Willd.) Linn. , a herbaceous plant has already provided tangible evidence of its potential with remedies for different sorts of medical problems, but still now, not a single work is reported related to it s allelopathic activity. Hence, to explore the allelopathy of L. aspera, the aqueous methanol extracts of this plant at four different concentrations (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL ) were tested 1 against seven test plant species, namely cress (Lepidum sativum L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.), jungle rice (Echinochloa colonum L. Link) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The aqueous methanol extract of L. aspera significantly inhibited the seedlings growth of all the test plant species at different inhibition levels. The root growth was more sensitive than the shoot growth to the plant extract and the inhibitory activity was concentration dependent. Comparing the extract concentrations required for 50% inhibition, the seedlings growth of timothy was most sensitive to the extract, whereas jungle rice was less sensitive. These results indicated that L. aspera may contain growth inhibitory substances and possess allelopathic activity. Therefore, L. aspera could be used as a potential candidate for isolation and identification of allelochemicals, which can lead to the development of ecologically acceptable bio-herbicides used for sustainable agriculture.
Cut-off point of linear discriminant rule for large dimension

This paper is concerned with the problem of classifying a observation vector into one of two pop- ulations � 1 : Np( 1; ) and � 2 : Np( 2; ). Anderson (1973, Ann. Statist.) gave an asymptotic expansion of the studentized statistic, and derived cut-off point to achieve a specied probability of misclassication But the dimension p gets large, the precision becomes worse. So in this paper, we proposed studentized statistic in terms of ( n;p) asymptotic. An asymptotic expansion of the statis- tic is derived up to the order O1, where O1 is a term with respect to fp 1=2 ;N 1=2 1 ;N 1=2 2 ;m 1=2 g
A Needs Analysis of Undergraduate Students of Communicative Skills: The Case of Tertiary Institutions in Ghana

For over three decades now, research on undergraduate student pedagogy has shifted focus from an error analysis tradition to an emphasis on learner needs. As part of this shift, we examined the needs of students who offered Communicative Skills in an English-medium university in Ghana, and whether their needs were discipline-specific. Data were collected from two hundred and forty students and twenty lecturers, using a two-pronged sampling method. Major results showed a great need for grammar and writing skills among students, though they held that note taking and note making skills, outlining and skimming be expunged from the programme. The study also indicated that although teachers of Communicative Skills preferred a variationist approach, the reverse was the case among their students. Surprisingly, while students desired to be exposed to modern skills such as CV and Proposal writing, their instructors, on the other hand, were of the view that paragraph and essay development were not so useful. The study, thus, resonates with proclivities for further interventionist methods, specialist instructor (re)training and future research in undergraduate student writing.
Utility to Consumers and Consumer Acceptance of Information on Beef Labels in Southern Chile

Credence attributes (production system, animal welfare, traceability, among others) have acquired importance for meat products in developed countries, representing information that must be included on label. A personal survey was administered to 770 consumers in the Bio-Bio and La Araucania Regions, Chile, to determine the utility of information contained on the label and acceptance of information referred to as credence attributes, as well as to distinguish different consumer segments. The packaging and expiry dates were the most useful aspects of the current information. The greatest degree of agreement with respect to information that should be included was a quality seal, type of animal, handling regarding animal welfare, production system and feeding. Using cluster analysis, three segments were distinguished. The largest (49.2%) agreed most strongly with including information about feeding, transport conditions, slaughtering, traceability, and production system. The second group (34.4%) was indifferent to information about transport, slaughter and traceability. The smallest segment (16.4%) disagreed with including information on slaughtering. Therefore, the information currently present on meat labels was useful for consumers, who would also value having information on the credence attributes associated with cattle production, such as production system, feeding and animal welfare.
Cretaceous palaeogeography of Tibet and adjacent areas (China): tectonic implications

During the Berriasian–Early Barremian, littoral facies were present only on the southern half of the Qiangtang block and the central Lhasa block. In the Late Barremian–Albian, neritic deposits were preserved in the northern Lhasa block, and a littoral environment dominated southern Qiangtang, southwesternmost Tarim, and southern Lhasa. In the Early Cretaceous, the rest of Tibet, including Qaidam, the majority of Tarim and western Qiangtang, Songpan-Ganzi, and the Longmenshan Mountains, may have been uplifted, because only coarse continental deposits are preserved in these areas. In the Late Cretaceous, a littoral environment predominated in Tarim, southern Qaidam, westernmost and southern Qiangtang, the western part of the Sichuan Basin, and Lhasa. Meanwhile, western Qiangtang and Songpan-Ganzi were elevated but the latter not more than 1000 m in the Eocene. These facts indicate that during the Late Cretaceous the topographic relief of Tibet, including the present Longmenshan Mountains and Songpan-Ganzi, may have been a rather low peneplain, close to sea level, and that Tibet was intensively elevated after the end of the Cretaceous, its high topography only being the product of the Indo-Asian collision. During the Cretaceous, Tibet and adjacent areas generally were under the influence of a gradual transgression although in southern Tibet a major transgression took place during the Late Barremian–Albian. This fact, and the presence of a thick, widespread, Upper Barremian–Albian inner shelf limestone in northern Lhasa, suggests that southern Tibet underwent intensive back-arc extension deformation during the late Early Cretaceous.
Friendship and Social Emotions in Young Adult Finns’ Drinking Diaries

In the article we examine the management of social emotions and friendship bonds by analysing the young adults’ pub and drinking diaries. We assume that emotions that are embodied in the management of friendship ties can be reduced to the emotions of pride and shame. According to Scheff, as primary social emotions, they are present in all communication and action. They express for the participants of interaction the actual “temperature” of social relations. Pride refers to a strong and safe involvement in interaction, in which individuals feel themselves fine and respectful. In a shameful state, individuals, in turn, experience themselves negatively in the eyes of others, which imply that social bonds are intimidated. The analysis of drinking experiences from the viewpoint of pride and shame brings expressively forth how drinking strengthens or weakens different kinds of social relations and dynamics and how actors try to attach to them or secede from them. In the diary narratives, the pride and shame of drinking is most strongly associated with reinforcement and bonding efforts of ties of friendship that are considered laid-back and like-minded. In relation to them the status, competition, the emphasis of one's self and indulging in love affairs occur in the narratives considerably more seldom, and if they occur, they rather contribute to shameful experiences or remain subordinate to friendship.
The Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation in the Large Magellanic Cloud

A homogeneous set of ground-based BVRI observations of ~600 Cepheids is presented to check the Cepheid period-luminosity zero point for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The sample of Cepheids is completely self-contained and has been reduced consistently to eliminate photometric differences caused by combining multiple sources of photometry. The Cepheid distances to nearby galaxies obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale were computed assuming a "standard" PL relation based on a compilation of photoelectric observations of 34 Cepheids and a standard distance modulus to the LMC of 18.50. The final Key Project results substituted a statistically stronger PL relation obtained by the OGLE collaboration. In this paper we compare our data with the OGLE PL relation; the subsample of LMC Cepheids with similar periods to those discovered in the nearby galaxies is fainter at the relevant periods by 0.04 ± 0.02 mag than the OGLE sample. Substituting in turn this PL relation for that of the OGLE collaboration would raise the Hubble constant by 2% ± 1%, a correction which is not significant. The multicolor data set will also be useful in considering the effects of reddening and chemical composition and deriving an improved Cepheid period-luminosity relation for the LMC.
Prevalence, distribution and behavioural determinants of coital activity among High School students in Namibia

Although HIV transmission among Namibian in-school adolescents is mainly heterosexual, previous data on sexual activity are not disaggregated, making It difficult to target interventions. This study conducted a disaggregated analysis of coital activity and explored various factors associated with coital activity among Namibian High School students. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 18 schools located in six education regions. Data were collected from 829 students through a structured questionnaire. Pearson i analysis was used to determine the distribution of coital activity for students from different regions, rural-urban areas, ethnic groups, and gender. Factors associated with coital activity were established by the use of odds ratios and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Overall, 50.2% of the students never had sex before and 29.2% were sexually active. Pearson i analysis showed that coital activity was significantly high among students In the Caprivl region, urban areas, Lozl, Herero and Damara-Nama ethnic groups, and male gender. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the only significant factors positively associated with coital activity were Herero ethnlcity, male gender, testing for HIV, thinking one could not get HIV if they were faithful to a single sexual partner, having a boyfriend of girlfriend, and drinking beer. These disaggregated results will help design targeted HIV/AIDS preventive programmes for High School students In Namibia. This can be done by targeting messages that reduce students' coital activity by way of altering personal, peer, and social behaviours.
Risk Preference Differentials of Small Groups and Individuals

This research compares lottery valuation decisions made by individuals with similar decisions made by small groups. There is an extensive social psychology literature addressing group versus individual decision making but few studies explore this issue in economic contexts with cash rewards. Willingness-to-pay data elicited from independent samples of individuals and three-person groups in a repeated-measures experimental design reveal that: the variance of risk preferences is generally smaller for groups than individuals and the average group is more risk averse than the average individual in high-risk situations, but groups tend to be less risk averse in low-risk situations.
Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey with The Hubble Space Telescope: Stellar Cluster Catalogs and First Insights Into Cluster Formation and Evolution in NGC 628

We report the large effort that is producing comprehensive high-level young star cluster (YSC) catalogs for a significant fraction of galaxies observed with the Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey (LEGUS) Hubble treasury program. We present the methodology developed to extract cluster positions, verify their genuine nature, produce multiband photometry (from NUV to NIR), and derive their physical properties via spectral energy distribution fitting analyses. We use the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 628 as a test case for demonstrating the impact that LEGUS will have on our understanding of the formation and evolution of YSCs and compact stellar associations within their host galaxy. Our analysis of the cluster luminosity function from the UV to the NIR finds a steepening at the bright end and at all wavelengths suggesting a dearth of luminous clusters. The cluster mass function of NGC 628 is consistent with a power-law distribution of slopes and a truncation of a few times 105 . After their formation, YSCs and compact associations follow different evolutionary paths. YSCs survive for a longer time frame, confirming their being potentially bound systems. Associations disappear on timescales comparable to hierarchically organized star-forming regions, suggesting that they are expanding systems. We find mass-independent cluster disruption in the inner region of NGC 628, while in the outer part of the galaxy there is little or no disruption. We observe faster disruption rates for low mass (≤104 ) clusters, suggesting that a mass-dependent component is necessary to fully describe the YSC disruption process in NGC 628.
Active Learning Innovations in Knowledge Management Education Generate Higher Quality Learning Outcomes

Innovations in how a postgraduate course in knowledge management is delivered have generated better learning outcomes and made the course more engaging for learners. Course participant feedback has shown that collaborative active learning is preferred and provides them with richer insights into how knowledge is created and applied to generate innovation and value. The course applies an andragogy approach in which students collaborate in weekly dialogue of their experiences of the content, rather than learn the content itself. The approach combines systems thinking, learning praxis, and active learning to explore the interdependencies between topics and how they impact outcomes in real world situations. This has stimulated students to apply these ideas in their own workplaces.