Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The CEO-board relationship in the governance and stewardship of value-focused aged-care facilities: an entrepreneurship perspective

This paper reviews the international need for aged care and discusses a model for creating an entrepreneurial environment for sustainable innovation based on an empirical study of five Australian aged care facilities that act entrepreneurially and support innovation to deliver resident valued services and meets policy guidelines aligned to community and government expectations and standards. Four validated and adapted audit instruments are used to: assess the opportunities for delivering socially sustainable entrepreneurship within the Australian aged care industry, through; assessment of the CEO-Board relationship; identification of entrepreneurial profiles; evaluating the stewardship of the board and management to establish an entrepreneurial culture; and measuring the intensity for sustainable innovation. Analysis indicates that the research instruments can both assess the climate for social entrepreneurship, identify both the training areas for sustained innovation and the dynamics associated with an effective CEO-Board relationship within aged care organisations. INTRODUCTION Care of the aged has become a topic for sustained discussion as all societies consider ways to cope with world-wide, rapidly increasing interest in socio-economic demography. This is particularly so for the dramatically changing aged structure of both Western and Eastern/Asian cultures. Individuals, as they age, have always been concerned about the ‘who, what, where, why and how’ of their future. Families and significant others have become increasingly concerned with the quality of aged care services at all levels – decision making, access to quality services and bedside care are three such areas of concern. Aged care is a major industry that consists of many components to make a functioning whole. There are close to two million Australians over the age of seventy and the number is set to double in the next twenty years (Ansell, 2008). In Europe, it is estimated that by 2010, 17% of the population is expected to be 65+ (a growth from 9% in 1950); in the USA the demographic is estimated to be 13% (compared with 8% in 1950), and in Japan 19% (compared with 5% in 1950) (Nijkamp, Rossdorf and Wilderson, 1991). Data from the fifth national census for China (2001) identifies the proportion of people over the age of 60 was 10% of the population and for those over 65 had reached 7%. (Wong, 2007) thus lifting China into the ranks of ‘ageing societies. ’ AGSE 2010
The Food Habits of Polar Bears of James Bay and Southwest Hudson Bay in Summer and Autumn

A study of summer and autumn food habits of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus Phipps) on some islands of James Bay and the coastal mainland of southwest Hudson Bay was conducted in 1968 and 1969. Analyses were made of 233 scats collected from islands in James Bay and 212 scats gathered on the southwest coast of Hudson Bay. Birds, primarily Anatidae, were the most commonly used summer and autumn food of bears in James Bay. Marine algae and grasses were the foods most often eaten by bears on the mainland. The diet of the bears from James Bay probably provides a better preparation for winter than the diet of those from the mainland, but evidence suggests that bears in both regions are generally in good physical condition.
The wire electro discharge machine setting parameters analysis influencing the machined surface roughness and waviness

Wire Electro Discharge Machining is one of the methods, which allows to machine even the hardest materials. Factors which directly influence the quality of WEDM are dielectric conductivity and machines setting parameters. In this paper the influence of dielectric conductivity, dielectric pressure, wire tension and number of passages on the surface roughness and waviness will be presented. Generator setting parameters of were chosen from the internal memory of Robofil 190 machine on which research were held.
Can parental involvement mitigate “swing away from science”? Sri Lankan perspectives

Abstract “Swing away from science” is a dilemma that researchers are seeking solutions over 50 years. The dilemma is becoming more complicated due to the developmental decline in students’ motivation toward learning science around the world, particularly at the secondary level. While the parental involvement becomes more vital in the secondary school years, it also dramatically declines in this period. The study investigated the level of parental involvement in terms of parents’ socioeconomic factors and students’ demographic factors. The association between parental involvement measured in terms of four dimensions and Sri Lankan secondary public school students’ motivation toward learning science measured in terms of six dimensions was also studied. A random sample of 689 students and their parents participated in this quantitative survey. While the parental involvement showed significant differences in relation to the parents’ income level and the school category that the child attends, the same showed no significant difference in relation to parents’ ethnicity and child’s gender. Parental involvement showed a strong association with students’ intrinsically and extrinsically motivated science learning and self-efficacy. Home-based parental involvements had a stronger impact on students’ motivation compared to the school-based involvements. Measures that can be taken by the stakeholders to strengthen the parental involvement activities, which enhance students’ motivation to learn science and mitigate swing away from science were discussed.
Developing Nutrient Criteria for Streams: An Evaluation of the Frequency Distribution Method 1

Abstract: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommends two statistical methods to States and Tribes for developing nutrient criteria. One establishes a criterion as the 75th percentile of a reference‐population frequency distribution, the other uses the 25th percentile of a general‐population distribution; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency suggests either method results in similar criteria. To evaluate each method, the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (MT DEQ) assembled data from STORET and other sources to create a nutrient general population. MT DEQ’s reference‐stream project provided reference population data. Data were partitioned by ecoregions, and by seasons (winter, runoff, and growing) defined for the project. For each ecoregion and season, nutrient concentrations at the 75th percentile of the reference population were matched to their corresponding concentrations in the general population. Additionally, nutrient concentrations from five regional scientific studies were matched to their corresponding reference population concentrations; each study linked nutrients to impacts on water uses. Reference‐to‐general population matches were highly variable between ecoregions, as nutrients at the 75th percentile of reference corresponded to percentiles ranging from the 4th to the 97th of the general population. In contrast, case studies‐to‐reference matches were more consistent, matching on average to the 86th percentile of reference, with a coefficient of variation of 13%.
Fast and slow climate responses to CO2 and solar forcing: A linear multivariate regression model characterizing transient climate change

Climate change in response to a change in external forcing can be understood in terms of fast response to the imposed forcing and slow feedback associated with surface temperature change. Previous studies have investigated the characteristics of fast response and slow feedback for different forcing agents. Here we examine to what extent that fast response and slow feedback derived from time‐mean results of climate model simulations can be used to infer total climate change. To achieve this goal, we develop a multivariate regression model of climate change, in which the change in a climate variable is represented by a linear combination of its sensitivity to CO2 forcing, solar forcing, and change in global mean surface temperature. We derive the parameters of the regression model using time‐mean results from a set of HadCM3L climate model step‐forcing simulations, and then use the regression model to emulate HadCM3L‐simulated transient climate change. Our results show that the regression model emulates well HadCM3L‐simulated temporal evolution and spatial distribution of climate change, including surface temperature, precipitation, runoff, soil moisture, cloudiness, and radiative fluxes under transient CO2 and/or solar forcing scenarios. Our findings suggest that temporal and spatial patterns of total change for the climate variables considered here can be represented well by the sum of fast response and slow feedback. Furthermore, by using a simple 1‐D heat‐diffusion climate model, we show that the temporal and spatial characteristics of climate change under transient forcing scenarios can be emulated well using information from step‐forcing simulations alone.
AIUB Efforts to Survey, Track, and Characterize Small-size Objects at High Altitudes

Since more than a decade the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) is investigating the small-size space debris environment in high-altitude orbit regions. Originally the efforts concentrated on statistical optical surveys with the primary goal to derive fluxes as input data for statistical environment models. It became, however, obvious that important characteristics of the debris population could not be determined by this technique. The sparse surveys did not yield orbital elements for the debris objects, and it was very difficult to assess the total number of objects for a given region. One essential task of the space debris research is to find and understand the sources of debris, which in turn will enable to devise efficient mitigation measures – a prerequisite for the sustainable use of outer space. In order to understand the nature and eventually the origin of small-size debris objects, observations allowing to derive orbital parameters and physical characteristics like size, shape and material are required. This paper discusses the AIUB activities to build-up and maintain an orbit catalogue of small-size debris. AIUB uses its dedicated 0.3m robotic telescope ZimSMART-2 to constantly survey the GEO, the GTO and the MEO region. The data from this telescope is fused with observations from AIUB’s 1-meter ZIMLAT telescope and ESA’s 1-meter telescope in Tenerife and shared with international partners. The resulting catalogue of orbital elements enables physical characterization of the debris objects trough photometry, light curve and reflectance spectroscopy observations.
Labeling genetically modified food in India: Economic consequences in four marketing channels

In 2006, India proposed a draft rule requiring the labeling of all genetically modified (GM) foods and products derived thereof. In this paper, we use primary and secondary market data to assess the economic implications of introducing such a mandatory labeling policy for GM food. We focus on four products that would likely be the first affected by such a regulation in India: cottonseed oil, soybean oil, brinjal (eggplant), and rice. We find that GM food labeling would generate a specific market outcome for each of these products. With GM labeling, virtually all cottonseed oil would be labeled as GM, with limited costs for all actors involved, but also limited benefit for consumers. Labeling soybean oil derived from GM crops could affect market shares for edible oils at the benefit of domestic oils, and non-GM soybean oil could appear on the market at a very limited scale. Labeling GM brinjal would be extremely challenging. Assuming it was implemented, some non-GM brinjal would be sold at a premium in high-income retail outlets, while virtually all others would be labeled GM. A similar outcome would occur for rice, with high-quality rice used for both domestic consumption and exports markets certified non-GM and most of the remaining rice labeled as GM. In each of the cases, labeling would generate significant adjustment costs for the industry and large enforcement costs, and consumer benefit would not always be visible and would highly depend on the degree of enforcement. In fact, voluntary labeling could achieve less-distorted results with lower costs and therefore appears to be a superior regulatory solution. Still, provided enforcement is ensured, a well-designed mandatory labeling regulation with limited product coverage, a non-zero labeling threshold, and an informative labeling content would lead to a much better outcome and lower costs in India than the current draft rule, especially if it is accompanied by a large awareness campaign regarding GM food and consumer safety in India.
Efficacy of the RADPAD Protection Drape in Reducing Operators’ Radiation Exposure in the Catheterization Laboratory: A Sham-Controlled Randomized Trial

Background— Interventional cardiologists are increasingly exposed to radiation-induced diseases like cataract and the stochastic risk of left-sided brain tumors. The RADPAD is a sterile, disposable, lead-free shield placed on the patient with the aim to minimize operator-received scatter radiation. The objective of the trial was to examine the RADPAD’s efficacy in a real-world situation. Methods and Results— In the current, double-blind, sham-controlled, all-comer trial, patients undergoing diagnostic catheterization or percutaneous coronary interventions were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to a radiation absorbing shield (RADPAD), standard treatment (NOPAD), or a sham shield (SHAMPAD). The sham shield allowed testing for shield-induced radiation behavior. The primary outcome was the difference in relative exposure of the primary operator between the RADPAD and NOPAD arms and was defined as the ratio between operator’s exposure (E in µSv) and patient exposure (dose area product in mGy·cm2), measured per procedure. A total of 766 consecutive coronary procedures were randomized to the use of RADPAD (N=255), NOPAD (N=255), or SHAMPAD (N=256). The use of RADPAD was associated with a 20% reduction in relative operator exposure compared with that of NOPAD (P=0.01) and a 44% relative exposure reduction compared with the use of a SHAMPAD (P<0.001). Use of the SHAMPAD was associated with a 43% higher relative radiation exposure than procedures with NOPAD (P=0.009). Conclusions— In clinical daily practice, the standard use of the RADPAD radiation shield reduced operator radiation exposure compared with procedures with NOPAD or SHAMPAD. This study supports the routine use of RADPAD in the catheterization laboratory. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT03139968.
Fire effects on soil system functioning: new insights and future challenges

Fire affects entire ecosystems – their flora, fauna, the atmosphere and soil. Research on the effects of fire to date has focussed primarily on the former three, whereas effects on the soil system have seen less attention. Burning and resulting post-fire environmental conditions can alter the functioning of soils physically (e.g. aggregate stability, pore size, distribution, water repellency and runoff response), chemically (e.g. nutrient availability, mineralogy, pH and C : N ratios) and biologically (e.g. biomass productivity, microbial composition and carbon sequestration). These fire-induced alterations have typically been examined in isolation by researchers in separate disciplines despite the sometimes strong relationship between some of these physical, chemical and biological effects. This special issue brings together studies from diverse disciplines, focussing on a wide spectrum of fire effects on the soil system. Here we aim to summarise, evaluate and set into context some of the new insights arising from these studies. A case is made for enhanced cross-disciplinary collaboration and the use of multi-scale research approaches in order to meet existing and future research challenges in this diverse field.
Crack path simulation for cylindrical contact under fretting conditions

In this work different strategies to estimate crack path for cylindrical contacts under fretting conditions are carried out. The main goal is to propose and to evaluate methodologies not only to estimate the direction of crack initiation but also the subsequent propagation in its earlier stages, where the stress field is multiaxial, non-proportional and decays very fast due to the proximity with the contact interface. Such complex conditions pose a substantial challenge to the modelling of crack path. The numerical simulations are provided by a 2D Finite Element Analysis taking into account interactions between the crack faces. The results show that, under fretting conditions, models based on the critical plane method are not effective to estimate the crack initiation orientation, while models based on a so called “critical direction” applied along a critical distance provide better results. Regarding the subsequent crack propagation orientation, it was possible to see that stress intensity factor based models where one considers an infinitesimal virtual crack emerging from an original preexistent crack are powerful mechanisms of crack orientation estimation
Age constraints on the origin and growth history of a deep-water coral mound in the northeast Atlantic drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 307

Sr isotope stratigraphy provides a new age model for the first complete section drilled through a deep-water coral mound. The 155-m-long section from Challenger Mound in the Porcupine Sea-bight, southwest of Ireland, is on Miocene siliciclastics and consists entirely of sediments bearing well-preserved cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa. The 87Sr/86Sr values of 28 coral specimens from the mound show an upward-increasing trend, correspond to ages from 2.6 to 0.5 Ma, and identify a significant hiatus from ca. 1.7 to 1.0 Ma at 23.6 m below seafloor. The age of the basal mound sediments coincides with the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations that set up the modern stratification of the northeast Atlantic and enabled coral growth. Mound growth persisted throughout glacial-interglacial fluctuations, reached a maximum rate (24 cm/k.y.) ca. 2.0 Ma, and ceased at 1.7 Ma. Unlike other buried mounds in Porcupine Seabight, Challenger Mound was only partly covered during its growth interruption, and growth restarted ca. 1.0 Ma.
Effects of Water-Gymnastics Training on Hemodynamic Variables in Pregnant Women at Rest

This study analyzes heart rate, blood pressure, and immersion bradycardia behavior at the 19th, 29th, and 39th gestational weeks and at 3 months postpartum, at sitting rest, and in the orthostatic position on land and in the orthostatic position in water in pregnant women trained in water aerobics. Significant differences were found in HR during the gestational period in the different positions When results on land were compared to those in water, HR showed higher values on land in all gestational weeks and postpartum period, systolic BP was higher on land in 19th, 39th gestational weeks and postpartum period and diastolic BP was higher on land in 39th gestational week and postpartum period. These results suggest that throughout gestation in resting situation immersion, bradycardia showed a progressive rise and BP didn’t change; however, HR and BP showed reduced values in water during gestation and postpartum period.
Performance and Perceptions of Pharmacy Students using Team-based Learning (TBL) within a Global Health Course

Purpose: Team-based learning (TBL) has been shown to be a very useful active learning tool in a variety of disciplines and educational settings. The objectives of this study in a Global Health elective course within a PharmD curriculum were to (1) determine whether TBL contributes to performance (as measured by iRAT scores, tRAT scores, and grades); and (2) evaluate students' perceptions of TBL as an instructional strategy. Case Study: TBL sessions were incorporated into a new elective course in Global Health along with other teaching methodologies. Student performance was evaluated during the TBL sessions and course team projects, among others. An anonymous student qualitative survey explored their perceptions of and experiences with TBL at the end of the course. Students' performance in the TBL sessions improved as reflected in the comparison of individual Readiness Assurance Tests (iRATs) and the team Readiness Assurance Tests (tRATs) scores. Overall students' performance in the course resulted in over 88% earning the letter grade A. Students' performance in the TBL sessions, especially their iRATs, was reflected in their overall course grades. Over 75% of the students believed that TBL increased their analytical skills and nearly 50% believed that learning utilizing TBL would have the most lasting effect on their careers. Conclusion: TBL was successfully implemented in a Global Health elective course in a PharmD curriculum and students perceived it as a beneficial instructional strategy. This study adds to the TBL literature by providing some evidence of the applicability of TBL in a course not traditionally taught in the PharmD curriculum (i.e., Global Health). Future research and intervention(s) leading to the development and growth of TBL in pharmacy education are recommended. Type: Case Study
Thermodynamic parameters of zinc sorption in some calcareous soils

Sorption is one of the most chemical important process, in which determine micronutrients availability in soil. Sorption isotherms provide useful information about sorption capacity of soils. Sorption data can be used to determined sorption thermodynamic parameters. To evaluate the sorption of zinc (Zn) onto some soils, an experiment was conducted with ten calcareous soils of Hamadan province in the west of Iran. Half g soil samples were equilibrated at 25±1 and 45±1°C with 25 ml of 0.01M CaCl 2 containing 0 to 30 mg L -1 Zn as ZnSO 4. Suspensions were centrifuged, filtered and concentration of Zn in the clear extract solution was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Amount of Zn sorbed by the soil was calculated from difference between initial and final concentration of Zn in the equilibrium solution. Sorption of Zn was evaluated using adsorption isotherms. The thermodynamic parameters viz. K � , �G � , �H � andS � were determined using sorption data and concentration of Zn in equilibrium solution at two different temperatures.The results showed that Zn Sorption was described by linear, Feeundlich, Temkin and D-R models. The values of K o increased with rise in temperature from 25 to 45 °C in all the soils. The AG o values at 25 °C and 45 °C were negative and ranged from -7.00 to -16.64 and -13.24 to -41.93 kJ mol -1 , respectively. The values of AH o and AS o were positive and ranged from 357.47 to 74.02 kJ mol -1 and 1255.97 to 281.79 J mol -1 K -1 , respectively. Evaluation of thermodynamic parameters provide an insight into mechanism of Zn sorption in the soils. The values of AG o were found negative indicating Zn sorption was spontaneous and the values of AH o were positive indicating Zn sorption was endothermic. Thermodynamic parameters revealed Zn sorption increased as the value of K o , AG o , AH o and AS o increased with temperature. Also the results showed that calcareous soils can sorb high amounts of Zn and that thermodynamic parameters are useful in describing Zn sorption. we suggest that such research be done in contaminated soils. Also we suggest that effect of thermodynamic sorption parameters on Zn uptake by plant be done using the pot experiment. (Journal of American Science 2010;6(7):298-304). (ISSN: 1545-1003).