Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF MULTI-CHANNEL STORE IMAGE ON PURCHASE INTENTION

Consumer practices of purchasing goods and services through multiple channels versus a single channel, such as a physical store, have become common and reflect a change in purchase behaviors. Consequently, retailers have begun making adjustments to their strategies to integrate physical and virtual channels. Channel integration or multi-channels offer several benefits and options to consumers and retailers. The two most notable include the choices in the way consumers can interact with the retailer and the consumer’s ability to select a channel that best suites his/her preference and the type of interaction. This study proposed that the multi-channels store image has a positive effect on purchase intention and consumer characteristics moderate the relationship. The results indicate that of the six multi-channel store image dimensions, only financial, psychosocial, time and convenience, and usefulness influence purchase intention. Consumer characteristics did not moderate the relationship.
Are Private Borrowers Hurt by Sovereign Debt Rescheduling

We present a model that predicts that, through its eect on aggregate demand and country risk premia, sovereign debt restructuring can adversely aect the private sector’s access to foreign capital markets. Using fixed eect analysis of the micro‐level data, we estimate that sovereign debt rescheduling episodes are indeed systematically accompanied by a decline in foreign credit to emerging market non-financial private firms, both during debt renegotiations and for over two years after the agreements are reached. This decline is large (over 20%), statistically significant and robust when we control for a host of fundamentals. Credit to the exporting sector is not aected during the debt renegotiations but declines after the agreement is reached, while credit to non‐exporting sector declines during the renegotiations and then recovers within a year after the agreement is reached. We also find that voluntary debt swaps and buy‐backs, agreements with commercial creditors, and agreements that include new lending do not have such detrimental eects.
An investigation of voluntary disclosure by Kuwaiti Shariah‐compliant companies

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to measure the extent of voluntary disclosure in the 2009 annual reports of 108 Shariah-compliant companies listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange. The study aims to investigate three categories of voluntary disclosure: overall, conventional and Islamic disclosure. Design/methodology/approach – Voluntary disclosure was measured using a self-constructed index consisting of 132 items overall, 86 for conventional and 46 for Islamic information items. Annual reports were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests. Findings – Results suggest that the mean overall voluntary disclosure by Shariah-compliant companies is 15 percent, but 17 percent and 13 percent for the conventional and Islamic items, respectively. Voluntary disclosure of conventional items is comparable to extant studies, and higher than Islamic items. Research limitation/implications – The study uses annual reports from 2009 because they were the most recent data available on the listed companies at the beginning of the study. Since this study was undertaken before the Shariah Advisory Council of the Capital Market Authority was established on January 1, 2012, this imposes a limitation. Future study should replicate this study to assess differences with the existence of the Council. Practical implications – The findings provide evidence that Shariah-complaint companies lack voluntary disclosure, especially Islamic disclosure information. As a result, the findings should be useful to lawmakers in Kuwait for improving overall disclosure practices by Shariah-compliant companies. Preparers may use the findings to match the amount of information in their annual reports with other companies to ensure capital sourcing. Investors may use the findings for understanding disclosure behavior of Shariah-compliant companies in Kuwait. Such findings may assist them to diversify investment portfolios. Originality/value – This study contributes to extending the Kuwaiti literature on disclosure, and fills a gap in empirical studies on Shariah-compliant disclosure practices.
The effects of high-energy feeding on energy balance and growth in infants with congenital heart disease and failure to thrive

Failure to thrive (FTT) in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) can be attributed to their low energy intakes and high resting energy expenditures. Energy intake, energy expenditure and growth were studied in infants with CHD on normal formula feeds and then on feeds supplemented with glucose polymer to see whether supplementation improved energy retention and growth. Mean gross energy intakes increased by 31.7% on high-energy feeding and mean weight gain improved from 1.3 g/kg per d on control to 5.8 g/kg per d on high-energy feeding. Resting oxygen consumption (νo2 ml/kg per min) was not significantly different on the two feeding regimens, although respiratory quotient rose on high-energy feeding reflecting the increased carbohydrate intake. Estimated energy costs of growth on high-energy feeding fell within the previously described range for normal infants. It is recommended that infants with CHD known to be associated with FTT are fed on high-energy diets from the time of diagnosis in order to optimize growth.
The Adoption of Tubewell Technology in Pakistan

The use and adoption of indivisible technology are not restricted by ownership or class structure. We have found, however, that in 1972,-and still in 1980, though tubewells were owned by a minor fraction of total farm households (and predominantly by the large and medium farmers), they were used by a substantial proportion of farm households. Predictably, the user-owner ratio was the highest in the case of the small farmers in all provinces. The relative importance of the small and medium farmers as owners of this technology increased over the period, particularly in the Punjab where tubewells are concentrated. The development of a hire market in tubewell services has given birth to a new entrepreneurial class in the rural areas. Inequalities in rural income are dwindling and benefits emanating from new technology are shared. These conclusions are of vital importance because they negate the existing views and show that CO the indivisibility of technology has not been a barrier to its adoption, and that (ii) the fact that the share of the small and medium farmers in the ownership of tubewells has increased gives support to the thesis that if a technology is profitable, farmers will adopt it where possible. Thus, the view that small farmers are conservative and resist change can no longer be sustained. Further, it shows that the small and medium farm sector, in particular, holds the potential for investment in technology.
Determinants of Product-Use Compliance Behavior

The authors examine factors that affect product-usage compliance, or the act of using a product as it is intended to be used. They develop a conceptual model of compliant behavior as a function of four main constructs: (1) salience/mindfulness, (2) the consumer's costs and benefits of compliant behavior, (3) advertising and distribution cues to action, and (4) the perceived threats associated with noncompliant behavior. They test the model using a regression mixture model of compliant behavior calibrated on unique panel data from four categories of pharmaceutical drugs that are used to treat chronic (i.e., lifelong) ailments. The findings include insights into the dynamics of product compliance: The data support the proposed four-stage evolution of compliant behavior between consecutive service provider (e.g., doctor) interventions. For marketers, the authors find substantial heterogeneity across consumers for the effects of cues from advertising and distribution. For example, in some segments, advertising has a positive impact on compliance (directly and/or by heightening responsiveness to product-efficacy evaluations), whereas in other segments, its effect is negative. Thus, the authors shed new light on the effects of advertising, which has both strong advocates and opponents in the pharmaceutical industry.
The Management of Staff Records at Delta State University Library, Abraka, Nigeria

This paper describes records management practice for personnel files at Delta State University Library, Abraka, Nigeria. Data were collected through interview and observation. Manual filling systems such as registers are used for staff records, and most files are too voluminous. There is a space constraint due to the lack of a retention and disposal schedule and the lack of a computer system. It is recommended that the staff responsible for the files undergo records management training programmes or that a diploma holder in records management with computer knowledge be employed, and that records should be computerized.
Type of anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery – the problems of trial design

store.iec. ch/preview/info_iec606012-13%7Bed3.1%7Den.pdf (accessed 18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 7. Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. Minimum Safety Requirements for Anaesthetic Machines for Clinical Practice (2011). http://www. anzca.edu.au/resources/professionaldocuments/documents/technical/pdffiles/T3.pdf (accessed 18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 8. Australian And New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. Recommendations on Checking Anaesthesia Delivery Systems – 2003. http://www.anzca.edu.au/resources/ professional-documents/documents/ professional-standards/professionalstandards-31.html (accessed18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 9. American Society of Anesthesiologists. Recommendations for Pre-Anesthesia Checkout Procedures. Sub-Committee of ASA Committee on Equipment and Facilities (2008). http://www.asahq. org/ForMembers/Clinical-Information/2008-ASARecommendations-for-PreAnesthesia-Check out.aspx (accessed 18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 10. Food and Drug Administration. Anesthesia Apparatus Checkout Recommendations, 1993. http://www.fda. gov/cdrh/ humfac/anesckot.html (accessed 18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 11. Amt für Arbeitsschutz, Hamburg. Umgang mit Narkosegasen (2006). http:// www.hamburg. de/contentblob/200118/ data/m09-pdf.pdf (accessed 18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 12. Société Française d’Anesthésie et de Réanimation. Recommandations concernant l’appareil d’anesthésie et sa vérification avant utilization (2002). http:// www.sfar. org/article/10/recommandations-concernant-l-appareil-d-anesthesieet-sa-verification-avant-utilisation (accessed 18 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 13. Merchant R, Chartrand D, Dain S, et al. Guidelines to the Practice of Anesthesia – Revised Edition 2012. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia 2012; 59: 63–102. 14. Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Checking Anaesthetic Equipment 2012. Anaesthesia; 67: 660– 8. 15. Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Checking Anaesthetic Equipment 3. London: AAGBI, 2004. 16. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency MDA ⁄ 2005 ⁄ 062 07 November 2004 http://www.mhra. gov. uk/Publications/Safetywarnings/MedicalDeviceAlerts/CON2022493 (accessed 19 ⁄ 02 ⁄ 2012). 17. Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Recommendations for Standards of Monitoring during Anaesthesia and Recovery, 4th edn. London: AAGBI, 2007.
EphA 2 Expression Is a Key Driver of Migration and Invasion and a Poor Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer

Purpose:EphA2, amember of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinases family, is an important regulator of tumor initiation, neovascularization, and metastasis in a wide range of epithelial and mesenchymal cancers; however, its role in colorectal cancer recurrence and progression is unclear. Experimental Design: EphA2 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in stage II/III colorectal tumors (N 1⁄4 338), and findings correlated with clinical outcome. The correlation between EphA2 expression and stem cell markers CD44 and Lgr5 was examined. The role of EphA2 inmigration/invasion was assessed using a panel of KRAS wild-type (WT) and mutant (MT) parental and invasive colorectal cancer cell line models. Results: Colorectal tumors displayed significantly higher expression levels of EphA2 compared with matched normal tissue, which positively correlated with high CD44 and Lgr5 expression levels. Moreover, high EphA2 mRNA and protein expression were found to be associated with poor overall survival in stage II/III colorectal cancer tissues, in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Preclinically, we found that EphA2 was highly expressed in KRASMT colorectal cancer cells and that EphA2 levels are regulated by the KRAS-driven MAPK and RalGDS-RalA pathways. Moreover, EphA2 levels were elevated in several invasive daughter cell lines, and downregulation of EphA2 using RNAi or recombinant EFNA1 suppressed migration and invasion of KRASMT colorectal cancer cells. Conclusions: These data show that EpHA2 is a poor prognostic marker in stage II/III colorectal cancer, which may be due to its ability to promote cell migration and invasion, providing support for the further investigation of EphA2 as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. ClinCancer Res; 1–13. 2015AACR.
Managerial Replacements in Mutual Fund Families

This paper examines managerial replacements made by mutual fund families. Using a unique hand-collected dataset of 5,242 managerial replacement events from 1990 to 2011, this study finds fund’s performance and flow ranking at the fund family level form the basis of mutual fund families' disciplinary decisions. Specifically, mutual fund families are more likely to replace fund managers ranked at the bottom of fund families in terms of performance and flows. While this study does not observe any spillover effect of replacing bottom performing managers, the replacement of top performing managers generates negative spillover (both performance and flows) effects on other funds in the family. In further tests, this study finds managerial replacements to be more prevalent in larger fund families and families with high turnover ratios. Finally, the replacement of bottom performing managers explain future families’ performance and money flows, suggesting that there is economic value attached to the monitoring activities of mutual fund families.
Developing a scale for service quality measurement in banks

Socio-cultural contexts determine different aspects of service quality; therefore, the definition of service quality varies from one setting to another. The measures of bank service quality that largely come from the research in the western context cannot be used as such in developing countries. This paper develops a scale for measuring service quality in the banking institutions of Pakistan, a developing country. Data was collected from the customers of four large banks in Pakistan using a mall intercept approach. Using confirmatory factor analysis on AMOS a measurement scale was developed. Bank service quality emerged as a six dimensional construct. The developed model is different from previous models reported in the literature, showing that determinants of service quality are essentially context-dependent. The model showed sound psychometric properties. The findings are noteworthy in that they expand our knowledge of what actually matters in the measurement of bank service quality.
The use of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to confer the behavioral model of 3G mobile telecommunication users

Abstract Although Taiwan’s 3G services started its operation in 2003, the main profit source for every telecommunication company is still the cheaper fees of airtime minutes. Therefore, this study is directed on how these companies design the marketing tactics closer to the consumers’ need under the dual influences of the decreasing individual’s contribution and the low utility rate, as well as how to improve customers’ willingness to adopt 3G mobile telecommunication services. Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is used as the model to carry out expert interviews and consumers’ questionnaire investigation. This study found that the factors that significantly influenced the “behavioral intention” include “performance expectancy”, “social influence”, and “facilitating conditions”, while the traditional known “effort expectancy” did not. Moreover, three non-assumed relationships were discovered during the Structural Equation Model analysis, which helped to revise the UTAUT model for 3G telecommunication services. The results of this study can be helpful to Taiwan’s mobile telecommunication companies to adjust their corporate strategies and tactics for providing customer-oriented 3G services to both existing and potential customers, such that the overall 3G market can be expanded as well as a win-win situation for the 3G industry and their consumers can be achieved.
A warranty model for remanufactured products

Consumers are often unable to determine or judge the quality of the product before purchase. To alleviate this uncertainty in the minds of consumers, manufacturers often insure their customers against this risk of product breakdown by bundling a manufacturer’s warranty in their products at the time of sale. Due to the uncertain factors of the remanufacturing system, the role of warranty is especially important. Consumers often view remanufactured products as inferior and are less willing to pay for them. This article studies the warranty policy and its effect on consumer behavior from the perspective of consumers. We incorporate the manufactures’ warranty service and consumer heterogeneity in the model and develop three marketing settings to examine the impact of warranty for the manufacturers’ profit. The results show that those employed warranty associated with their products can command higher prices for their products in the marketplace, and accordingly can enhance the manufacturer’s profit. The numerical analysis helps provide managers with insight on the base warranty and its implication.
Who Bears the Cost of Taxing the Rich? An Empirical Study on CEO Pay

An increase in the effective top marginal tax rate by 10 percentage points raises gross CEO pay at the firm level by 12.0 %. CEOs use their bargaining power to shift their tax load partly to the employer. Less powerful members of the executive board - measured in terms of their function or level of pay - are less successful in doing so.
Obesity, insulin resistance, and other clinicopathological correlates of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children, including insulin resistance, and to test for correlation with liver pathology. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective review of children with biopsy-proven NAFLD at Children's Hospital San Diego from 1999 to 2002. Liver biopsy specimens were independently reviewed by two pathologists. RESULTS Children with NAFLD (n=43) were mostly male (70%), Hispanic American (53%) and obese (88%). The criteria for insulin resistance were met by 95% of subjects. Steatosis was predicted by the combination of quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, age, and ethnicity (P<.0001). Portal inflammation was predicted by the combination of ALT and fasting insulin (P=.0009). Perisinusoidal fibrosis was predicted by the combination of AST, fasting insulin, and BMI Z score (P<.0001). Portal fibrosis was predicted by the combination of right upper quadrant pain and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P=.0028). CONCLUSIONS We identified significant predictors of liver pathology in children with NAFLD. Children being evaluated for NAFLD should be screened for insulin resistance, which is nearly universal and correlates with liver histology.
Is There an Association between Vitamin D and Depression Symptoms

Introduction: Background: Depression is considered one of the most abundant and serious psychological problems around the world. Moreover, many researches in different countries mentioned the relationship between depression and vitamin D level in those people who suffering from symptoms of depression. Furthermore, there are many studies interested in using nonpharmacological techniques tohelp clients with depression symptoms. Therefore, this literature review will evaluate is there association between Vitamin D levels and depression symptoms. Methods: The studies in this literature review were chosen by electronic searches on Pubmed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, for the years between 2008 and 2013. The selection criteria were to select research from different countries which was characterized by different climates and economic statuses focusing on association between depression symptoms and vitamin D. Conclusion: There are many researchers that have mentioned an association between depression and vitamin D. In contrast there are numbers of researchers who didn’t find the association between vitamin D and depression symptoms. The author’s point of view there is association between depressive symptoms and vitamin D and there are many factors that contribute to this association such as the economic and environmental characteristics for these countries that are included in this paper.
Does Company Reputation Matter for Voluntary Disclosure Quality? Evidence from Management Earnings Forecasts

In this study, we explore the association between company reputation and voluntary disclosure quality as proxied for by the issuance and characteristics of management earnings forecasts. We follow prior literature and proxy for company reputation using measures based on Fortune’s America’s Most Admired Companies List. We find that companies with higher reputations are more likely to issue earnings forecasts, and forecast earnings more frequently. We also find that for the subsample of companies selected to the Most Admired List, earnings forecasts issued by higher reputation companies are more accurate. We provide supporting results from a battery of sensitivity analyses designed to alleviate concerns related to potential endogeneity, the influence of managerial ability, and the influence of information demand. Our study contributes to the voluntary disclosure literature by identifying a unique factor that motivates companies to voluntarily disclose better forward-looking information, and to the reputation literature by demonstrating the effect of company reputation on company efforts to reduce information asymmetry with stakeholders.
Numerical simulation of thick-linewidth measurements by reflected light

IC fabrication problems grow as nominal feature sizes shrink, due in large part to fundamental optical diffraction limits. Currently, one of the most pressing needs is robust critical dimension measurement. However, optical methods must be refined for this scale of submicron metrology, particularly in the case of thick features. This paper examines the problem of reflected light microscopy for nominal 1 micron high lines on silicon using 2-D, time-domain finite element simulations. The experimental basis is a prototype line width standard that is characterized using optical, contact, and SEM measurements. Microscope and simulated images are compared for 1 and 3 micron wide lines. Good first-order correlation is found between real and synthetic images but model uncertainties need to be reduced and microscope aberrations need to be quantified before second-order differences can be eliminated. Numerical experiments are used to relate images to resonance patterns in the feature; determine the strength of evanescent waves near the line; and contrast isolated and periodic line images as a function of pitch.