Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal Dietary Diversity and Infant Outcome of Pregnant Women in Northern Ghana

Objective: Little is known regarding the role of maternal dietary diversity score (DDS) in predicting poor outcomes of pregnancy including preterm delivery, and low birth weight (LBW). The main aim of this study was to explore the relationship between dietary diversity scores of urban Ghanaian women and infant weight at birth. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study comprised 524 pregnant women who delivered singleton babies. A Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic variables (e.g. educational status, age, maternal occupation, household wealth index), obstetric history (for example, gravidity, gestational weight gain), dietary intake, malarial infection and Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) uptake, blood pressure (BP), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), anthropometric measurements (e.g. weight of mother and new born baby). Results: This study showed that maternal dietary diversity as measured by individual dietary diversity score scores (IDDS) was a significant independent predictor for mean birth weight and LBW. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed there was a significant difference in adjusted mean birth weight between women on low and high diversified diets , F (1, 415) = 8.935, p = 0.003. The results further showed that maternal IDDS was negatively associated with the incidence of LBW (Adjusted OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22-0.85, p = 0.014). Conclusion: In nutritional deprived populations, maternal diet in the third trimester appears to be an important determinant of LBW and that DDS can serve as useful predictive indicator of maternal nutrition during pregnancy and the likelihood of delivering LBW babies.
Solitary Lesions on Bone Scintigraphy in Patients with Breast Cancer King Abdulaziz University Medical Centre Experience

The discrepancy between bone scintigraphy and computed tomography scanning for solitary bony lesion in patients who have breast cancer is challenging to the referral physician. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of malignancy in solitary lesions on bone scintigraphy in patients who had breast cancer at King Abdulaziz University Medical Centre, and to compare the results between bone scintigraphy and computed tomography scanning. There were 89 patients who had a solitary bone lesion noted on bone scintigraphy and computed tomography performed within 3 months of bone scintigraphy. The solitary bone lesions were benign in 56 (63%) patients and malignant in 33 patients (37%). There were 15 (17%) malignant lesions in bone scan that had initial computed tomography findings that were negative or equivocal for bone metastasis, but all these lesions had destructive changes on follow-up computed tomography scan. In summary, at this medical center the frequency of malignancy is high (37%) in solitary bone lesions in patients who have breast cancer, regardless of appearance of the lesion on an initial computed tomography scan. Prospective study with a larger group of patients is recommended.
Quelques éclairages sur le sujet de type moi je à l'oral

Cet article s'interesse au statut du pronom disjoint moi dans des realisations de sujet de type moi . je et je . moi. Il s'appuie sur un corpus important d'exemples attestes pour mettre a jour, en francais parle, des distributions syntaxiques regulieres et imprevisibles du pronom moi. Nous essayons de montrer que les differents fonctionnements observes pour ce pronom obligent a nuancer les fonctions purement enonciatives que lui attribue souvent la litterature linguistique et a s'interroger sur sa fonction syntaxique dans la construction verbale.
PURE CONSTRUCTIVISM FOR TEACHING A COURSE IN DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS — EXPERIENCE BEATS BEING TOLD

The scientific exploration of how people learn resulted in the theory named Constructivism. Such theory explains how students build their understanding of the world, assembling concepts into knowledge. The primary process consists of experiencing something and then reflecting on those experiences. This paper describes our experience in teaching and undergraduate course (third year) in database management system using laboratories, simulators, problem-solving tutorial session and of course lectures and recorded lectures (on-line delivery). We identified several concepts and tracked down the level of novelty of the idea and also the experience students had with it though the different learning activities in the course. We repeated our approach for four editions of the course. The evidence collected during these four versions demonstrate that concrete experience is invaluable even for the lowest categories of the cognitive domain of Bloom’s taxonomy. We introduced other elements, such as authentic assessment, but it seems particularly clear that the concrete experience is the most relevant component to enhance students’ progress in the ladder described by Bloom’s taxonomy.
Online And Social Media Data As A Flawed Continuous Panel Survey

There is a large body of research on utilizing online activity to predict various real world outcomes, ranging from outbreaks of influenza to outcomes of elections. There is considerably less work, however, on using this data to understand topic-specific interest and opinion amongst the general population and specific demographic subgroups, as currently measured by relatively expensive surveys. Here we investigate this possibility by studying a full census of all Twitter activity during the 2012 election cycle along with comprehensive search history of a large panel of internet users during the same period, highlighting the challenges in interpreting online and social media activity as the results of a survey. As noted in existing work, the online population is a non-representative sample of the offline world (e.g., the U.S. voting population). We extend this work to show how demographic skew and user participation is non-stationary and unpredictable over time. In addition, the nature of user contributions varies wildly around important events. Finally, we note subtle problems in mapping what people are sharing or consuming online to specific sentiment or opinion measures around a particular topic. These issues must be addressed before meaningful insight about public interest and opinion can be reliably extracted from online and social media data. This draft: May 15, 2014 Latest draft: http://research.microsoft. com/en-US/projects/flawedsurvey
Young Australians, illness and education: report on the national database project

Chronically-ill children who need to take extended absences from school are neither officially acknowledged nor assisted to keep up, according to this report. Executive summary Australia’s health system faces many challenges related to chronic and complex health conditions. Major advances in biomedicine mean that children and young people are now surviving conditions that would have meant early death just a short time ago. This has major implications for Australia’s education systems. A troubling side effect of this success in medicine is the number of children and young people who manage their chronic health conditions, but who can easily remain overlooked in education. In many ways this is a new frontier for teachers, schools and education systems. Never before have so many students been present in our classrooms, who have survived major health challenges, but who are not yet systematically supported to thrive in education. This report provides a detailed summary of education, health and demographic information about Australian children and young people who live with significant health conditions. This study closely examined an important national database of 2360 such individuals. This study is contextualised within recent international literature from the fields of education, medicine, oncology, public health, paediatric nursing, psychology, counselling, psychiatry and social policy. Socio-economic indexes developed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics were employed in the analysis of data. As Australian government figures are not available about these young people as an educational cohort, the major purpose of this study was to provide an empirical base for policy recommendation and further investigation. An important secondary aim of the study was to contribute to the growing body of evidence about pressing educational issues related to these children and young people. Concern about the education of this group is expected to escalate as this cohort of Australian students continues to expand, due to advances in biomedicine.
Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy versus Total Abdominal Hysterectomy in Uterine Tumors

Background: laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) rates have increased but abdominal hysterectomy (AH) still high and often the first choice for many surgeons even with most of studies reported that the minimal access method offers significant patient benefit over open surgery. Aim of the Work: we aimed to compare the outcome of total laparoscopic hysterectomy as regard the result and safety compared to total open abdominal hysterectomy in cases of uterine tumors. Patients and Methods: this prospective randomized controlled study performed on 25 patients who underwent LH (group 1) compared to 25 patients who underwent AH (group 2). The mean age of the cases, body mass index (BMI), duration of operation, estimated blood loss (EBL), rate of complications, postoperative hospital stay and convalescence time were compared for two groups. Results: LH was associated with a significantly longer operating time (139.96±22.66 minutes vs. 106.54±21.8 minutes P 0.001). As regard intraoperative complications and estimated blood loss there was no difference in both groups. In LH group the pain score and analgesia requirements in post-operative period were significantly less with fewer requiring opioid analgesia. There was a highly significant difference between groups in postoperative wound infection which was higher in AH group. LH was also associated with a significantly shorter inpatient hospital stay (2.22 days vs. 5.52 days P= 0.022) and earlier returned to normal life (7.5 days vs. 20.6 days P<0.001). Conclusion: total laparoscopic hysterectomy is safe and feasible procedure in treatment of uterine tumors with accepted peri-operative morbidity and good improvement of quality of life post-operative.
Prevalence of Preauricular Sinus in Lautech Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Southwest, Nigeria

Introduction : This study aims to determine the prevalence of pre-auricular sinus and its associated symptoms and its management modality in a tertiary health facility in Oshogbo, south western Nigeria Methods : A prospective cross sectional descriptive study which was carried out between July 2012 and March 2013. Results : A total of 588 patients participated in the study consisting of 347 (59%) male with m: f ratio 1.4:1. The age of the participants ranged from 6 months to 80years with a mean age of 37.14 years. Sixty six participants had pre-auricular sinus with a prevalence of 11.2%. Majority (70%) of the pre-auricular sinus were found in males and the right ear was mostly affected 30 (49.2%). Twenty three (34.8%) had symptoms and only 3% had surgical intervention while others were managed conservatively with administration of appropriate antibiotics and analgesic. None of them had hearing loss or renal complication. Conclusion : There is a high prevalence of preauricular sinus in our environment with fewer patients manifesting symptoms. A very low proportion of patients with symptoms usually present for definitive management (surgery) in our environment; this may be related to strong cultural belief that militates against its prompt treatment. Association with renal impairment or hearing loss appear to be a rear occurrence in our environment
The utility of MESS in mangled extremities

Complex open injuries of the extremities resulting from a proliferation of motor vehicle and progressive urban violence are seen with increasing frequency. With advanced transport, communication system, better antibiotic agents, multidisciplinary team approach, microvascular flaps, etc many western countries have been able to salvage the limbs which were considered hopeless in the past. This is in contrast with the reality in our country because of lacunae in several fields, which begins with poor transport communication system, lack of triage and referral strategies from a peripheral hospital to a tertiary referral trauma center. On the other hand health economics is emerging as a great player in making decisions regarding new treatment strategies. Blind or subjective decision to go head with salvage or amputation is not advisable. Failed efforts at limb salvage also are associated with increased patient mortality, morbidity and high hospital cost. [1] In this context, we report a study evaluating the predictability of limb salvage based on MESS score and the ultimate outcome as regards limb salvage.
Musculoskeletal imaging : the requisites

1. Tumors Introduction Surgical Staging Surgical Treatment Options Modalities Used for the Workup of Musculoskeletal Tumors Suggested algorithm for soft tissue muscoloskeletal lesion work-up Biopsy of the tumor Tumor Follow Up Bond Forming Tumors: Benign Bone-Forming Tumors: Malignant (Osteosarcoma) Cartilage Forming Tumors: Benign Cartilage Forming Tumors: Malignant Giant Cell Tumor Marrow Tumors Vascular Tumors Other Connective Tissue Tumors: Fibrous Origin Other Connective Tissue Tumors: Fatty Tissue Other Connective Tissue Tumors Chordoma Adamantinoma Solitary Bone Cyst Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Langerhans Cell Histosis Fibrous Dysplasia Brown Tumor of Hyperparathyroidism Myositis Ossificans Metastatic Disease of Bone 2. Arthritis Generalizations Rheumatoid Arthritis Juvenile Chronic Arthritis Ankylosing Spondylitis and Spondylitis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Psoriatic Arthritis Reiters Disease Connective Tissue Disorders Amyloidosis Neuropathic (Charcot) Arthropathy Biochemical Abnormalities Miscellaneous 3. Trauma Part 1. Generalizations Bone Biomechanics Fracture Description Terminology Fracture Reduction, Healing and Complications Childhood Fractures Child Abuse Muscle Injury Part 2. Upper Extremity Shoulder Arm Elbow Forearm Wrist Fingers Part 3. Lower Extremity Pelvic Trauma Hip Trauma Knee Trauma Ankle Trauma Foot Trauma Part 4. Spine Trauma Cervical Spine Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Part 5. Appendices Arthrography Technique Sonography of the Infant Hip Fractures with Eponyms 4. Metabolic Disorders of Calcium Homeostasis Osteoporosis Pagets Disease 5. Congenital and Developmental Conditions Introduction Normal Skeletal Growth and Development Spine Disorders Hip Conditions Connective Tissue Disorders Neurofibromatosis Chromosomal Abnormalities Skeletal Dysplasias and Storage Diseases Miscellaneous Conditions 6. Miscellaneous, including hematogenous disorders and infection Hematogenous Disorders Bone Marrow Infection Miscellaneous
General learning strategies: identification, transfer to language learning and effect on language achievement

Each learner has a set repertoire of general learning strategies that he or she uses despite the learning context. The purpose of this study is to identify the general learning strategies that beginner learners of English have in their repertoire, the transfer of such strategies to language learning and the predictive value they have in language achievement. It is also intended to discover the effect that the teaching of not frequently used general learning strategies have on learners’ language achievement. Additionally, to identify possible differences in strategy types and frequency of strategy use in low and high strategy users as well as high and low achievers of beginner English language learners. This study followed a mixed-methods research methodology by collecting numerical data by means of a 51-item general strategies questionnaire (Martinez- Guerrero 2004) applied in two administrations. The sample consists of 118 beginner English language learners in a language center at a northern Mexican University. Data were analyzed with the SPSS and Excel software. The qualitative data was collected through twenty individual semistructured interviews; furthermore, three one-hour-forty minute strategy instruction sessions were included as the treatment. Quantitative results show that learners have a more frequent use of Achievement Motivation, Cognitive and Concentration strategies; and less frequent use of Study, Study Organization, and Interaction in Class strategies. Qualitative findings indicate that learners use Study and Study organization and Concentration strategies largely in both general learning and language learning. Qualitative data complement and extend the quantitative data gathered in the questionnaire. No significant differences were found on the type of strategies that learners use in general learning contexts and language learning, which suggests that learners transfer their learning strategies from their general strategy repertoire to language learning as the first tools to deal with language learning tasks. A positive correlation was found between learning strategy use and language achievement test scores. Achievement test scores were primarily predicted by the use of Achievement Motivation and Interaction in Class strategies, and to a lesser extent by affective and study strategies. Strategy instruction sessions had no significant increase in the adoption and use of strategies. Furthermore, high and low achievers and strategy users seem to use the same type of strategies; the frequency of strategy use and how they use the strategy represented the difference between types of learners. Finally, a number of language learning strategies emerge from qualitative data that learners use in language learning. Pedagogical implications of the findings of this study provide a potential framework to help not only teachers but also institutions in identifying and teaching new and specific learning strategies.
Researching Media Education in English Classrooms in the UK.

Abstract What are English teachers in the UK doing when they claim to be teaching Media as part of the English curriculum? Do they see the study of the media as important in its own right or as a means of achieving more traditional English goals? On what body of theory are they drawing? What are their basic purposes and methods? The Models of Media Education research project explored these major questions and tried to clarify some of the current uncertainties about Media Education by identifying a range of models which English teachers draw on in the classroom at Key Stage 4 (age 14‐16). The project produced detailed descriptions and analyses of a wide range of approaches to teaching about the media. This article explains the background to the research project in earlier survey and interview studies carried out in the Southern Region of England during the last few years. It discusses the research methodology of structured interviews with practitioners and systematic observation of classroom teaching which.
Boys’ and young men’s health : literature and practice review – an interim report.

An interim report, published during December 2001, by the Health Development Agency (HDA). The review was carried out by Working With Men on behalf of the HDA. This report contains a literature review that covers the physical and mental health of boys and young men (age range 11-25 years), and maps innovative work and good practice schemes that are currently being developed. This report provides background information on men's health and how the review was done, and also discusses accidents and resulting disabilities, child and adolescent cancers, weight, eating disorders and gender, smoking, drinking and drug use, sexual health and behaviour, mental health, nd hyperkinetic disorders. Underpinning issues are also discussed. Please note that as of April 2005 the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has taken on the functions of the Health Development Agency.
Experimentation growth: Evolving trustworthy A/B testing capabilities in online software companies

Companies need to know how much value their ideas deliver to customers. One of the most powerful ways to accurately measure this is by conducting online controlled experiments (OCEs). To run experiments, however, companies need to develop strong experimentation practices as well as align their organization and culture to experimentation. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate how to run OCEs at large scale using the experience of companies that succeeded in scaling. Based on case study research at Microsoft, Booking.com, Skyscanner, and Intuit, we present our main contribution—The Experiment Growth Model. This four‐stage model addresses the seven critical aspects of experimentation and can help companies to transform their organizations into learning laboratories where new ideas can be tested with scientific accuracy. Ultimately, this should lead to better products and services.
Social Influence strengthens Crowd Wisdom under Voting

The advantages of groups over individuals in complex decision-making have long interested scientists across disciplinary divisions. Averaging over a collection of individual judgments proves a reliable strategy for aggregating information, particularly in diverse groups in which statistically independent beliefs fall on both sides of the truth and contradictory biases are cancelled out. Social influence, some have said, narrows variation in individual opinions and undermines this wisdom-of-crowds effect in continuous estimation tasks. Researchers, however, neglected to study social-influence effects on voting in discrete choice tasks. Using agent-based simulation, we show that under voting — the most widespread social decision rule — social influence contributes to information aggregation and thus strengthens collective judgment. Adding to our knowledge about complex systems comprised of adaptive agents, this finding has important ramifications for the design of collective decision-making in both public administration and private firms.
M:N Object matching on multiscale datasets based on MBR combinatorial optimization algorithm and spatial district

Object matching is critical for updating, maintaining, integrating, and quality assessing spatial data. However, matching data are often obtained from different sources and have problems of positional discrepancy and different levels of detail. To resolve these problems, this article presents a multiscale polygonal object‐matching approach, called the minimum bounding rectangle combinatorial optimization (MBRCO) with spatial district (SD). This method starts with the MBRCO algorithm and its enhancement using the SD to find corresponding MBRs of one‐to‐one, one‐to‐many, and many‐to‐many matching pairs. Then, it aligns the MBRs of the matching pairs to identify object‐matching pairs, which are evaluated using a matching criterion to find geometrically corresponding objects. Our approach was experimentally validated using two topographical datasets at 1:2k and 1:10k. The proposed approach outperforms the common two‐way area overlap method and another method based on the contextual information and relaxation labeling algorithm. The proposed method achieved accurate aggregation of the many‐to‐many matching pairs under the positional discrepancy scenario.