Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stochastic stabilization of rigid body motion of a spacecraft on SE(3)

This paper considers a stochastic systems modelling and stabilization of the rigid body motion of a spacecraft with stochastic disturbances. To rigorously deal with dynamics disturbed by a stochastic process, the rigid body motion is described by a stochastic differential equation on . This enables us to quantitatively evaluate the uncertainty using stochastic calculus. We present a stochastic stabilizing controller and a stability theorem, which claim that the error of the rigid body motion with respect to a given desired motion is exponentially ultimately bounded in the mean square sense. The resultant stochastic model has no equilibrium point due to persistent noise effect. This makes stability analysis more difficult than the conventional stochastic stability concepts. However, the present stability theorem guarantees that the error exponentially converges to the vicinity of the target state and then remains bounded even under persistent noise. Finally, numerical simulations validate the proposed method.
A family of non-parametric tests for decreasing mean time to failure with censored data

Abstract In this article, we propose a family of non-parametric tests for testing exponentiality against decreasing mean time to failure class alternatives. We obtain the exact null distribution of the test statistic and calculate the critical values for different sample sizes. We also extend our test to incorporate right censored observations. We discuss the efficiency loss due to censoring and calculate it for some choice of censoring distribution. A simulation result is presented to show the performance of the proposed test. Finally, the test procedure is illustrated using a real data.
Quantitative Vulnerability Assessment for Power Information System Based on Adjacency Matrix

With the development of smart grids,apower system and its information system are going to be seamlessly integrated.Hence the quantitative vulnerability assessment for a power information system becomes an important research topic.Given this background,aquantitative vulnerability assessment method based on the adjacency matrix is developed first.The proposed method employs the transition probability to describe the characteristics of attackers at two stages,i.e.selecting the access point first,and then attacking other nodes in the network from the access point.Besides,the transfer probability index between nodes is used to describe the intelligent ability of the attacker to choose the attack node.Next,the effectiveness of the method developed is demonstrated through an established evaluation example based on the information model of a slave station of a distribution automation system.
Excitation of the precessing vortex core by active flow control to suppress thermoacoustic instabilities in swirl flames

In this study, we apply periodic flow excitation of the precessing vortex core at the centerbody of a swirl-stabilized combustor to investigate the impact of the precessing vortex core on flame shape, flame dynamics, and especially thermoacoustic instabilities. The current control scheme is based on results from linear stability theory that determine the precessing vortex core as a global hydrodynamic instability with its maximum receptivity to open-loop actuation located near the center of the combustor inlet. The control concept is first validated at isothermal conditions. This is of utmost importance for the proceeding studies that focus on the exclusive impact of the precessing vortex core on the combustion dynamics. Subsequently, the control is applied to reacting conditions considering lean premixed turbulent swirl flames. Considering thermoacoustically stable flames first, it is shown that the actuation locks onto the precessing vortex core when it is naturally present in the flame, which allows the precessing vortex core frequency to be controlled. Moreover, the control allows the precessing vortex core to be excited in conditions where it is naturally suppressed by the flame, which yields a very effective possibility to control the precessing vortex core amplitude. The control is then applied to thermoacoustically unstable conditions. Considering perfectly premixed flames first, it is shown that the precessing vortex core actuation has only a minor effect on the thermoacoustic oscillation amplitude. However, we observe a continuous increase of the thermoacoustic frequency with increasing precessing vortex core amplitude due to an upstream displacement of the mean flame and resulting reduction of the convective time delay. Considering partially premixed flames, the precessing vortex core actuation shows a dramatic reduction of the thermoacoustic oscillation amplitude. In consideration of the perfectly premixed cases, we suspect that this is caused by the precessing vortex core-enhanced mixing of equivalence ratio fluctuations at the flame root and due to a reduction of time delays due to mean flame displacement.
Relative contribution of soil moisture, boundary‐layer and microphysical perturbations on convective predictability in different weather regimes

The relative contributions of soil moisture heterogeneities, a stochastic boundary‐layer perturbation scheme and varied aerosol concentrations representing microphysical uncertainties on the diurnal cycle of convective precipitation and its spatial variability are examined conditional on the prevailing weather regime. To achieve this, separate perturbed‐parameter ensemble simulations are performed with the Consortium for Small‐scale Modeling (COSMO) model at convection‐permitting horizontal grid spacing for 10 days during a high‐impact weather episode in 2016 in Central Europe. We consider hourly precipitation amounts and their spatial distribution, focus on ensemble mean and spread aggregated over strong and weak forcing conditions, and employ spatial evaluation techniques. The convective adjustment time‐scale diagnostic is used to distinguish the different precipitation regimes. While the total amount of daily precipitation is hardly changed by the different perturbation approaches (less than 5%), the spatial variability of precipitation exhibits clear differences. Soil moisture heterogeneity primarily introduces variability during convection initiation causing a steeper increase in normalized rainfall spread prior to the onset of afternoon precipitation. The stochastic boundary‐layer perturbations lead to the largest spatial variability impacting precipitation from initial time onwards with an amplitude comparable to the operational ensemble spread. Similarly, perturbed aerosol concentrations impact spatial precipitation variability from the model start onwards, but to a smaller degree. Soil moisture heterogeneity shows the strongest weather regime dependence, with the greatest impact on convection during weak synoptic forcing. All types of perturbation increase dispersion of precipitation while maintaining the domain‐averaged precipitation rates.
The First Terrestrial Electron Beam Observed by the Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor

We report the first Terrestrial Electron Beam detected by the Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor. It happened on 16 September 2018. The Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor Modular X and Gamma ray Sensor recorded a 2 ms long event, with a softer spectrum than typically recorded for Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes (TGFs). The lightning discharge associated to this event was found in the World Wide Lightning Location Network data, close to the northern footpoint of the magnetic field line that intercepts the International Space Station location. Imaging from a GOES‐R geostationary satellite shows that the source TGF was produced close to an overshooting top of a thunderstorm. Monte‐Carlo simulations were performed to reproduce the observed light curve and energy spectrum. The event can be explained by the secondary electrons and positrons produced by the TGF (i.e., the Terrestrial Electron Beam), even if about 3.5% to 10% of the detected counts may be due to direct TGF photons. A source TGF with a Gaussian angular distribution with standard deviation between 20.6° and 29.8° was found to reproduce the measurement. Assuming an isotropic angular distribution within a cone, compatible half angles are between 30.6° and 41.9°, in agreement with previous studies. The number of required photons for the source TGF could be estimated for various assumption of the source (altitude of production and angular distribution) and is estimated between 1017.2 and 1018.9 photons, that is, compatible with the current consensus.
The Effects of Plant density and Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Sturt)

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of plant density (A1:80 000, A2:120 000, and A3:160 000 plant ha -1 ) and organic fertilizer (B1:0 and B2:25 ton ha -1 ) on growth and yield of Sweet Corn ( Zea mays L. var. saccharate , Sturt cv. Succar, F1) in a private farm in Qushtapa, 30 km far from the center of Erbil in Iraq, during the spring seasons in 2017 and 2018. The experiment was designed in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The studied traits were: plant height (cm), number of leaves, number of branches, chlorophyll content, leaf areas (m 2 ), dry matter content, cob length (cm), number of seed per row, com diameter (cm), number of cob per plant and number of row per con, seed number per cob, fresh seed yield (ton ha -1 ) and fresh cob yield (ton ha -1 ). The results of the experiment revealed that plant density and organic fertilization and their interaction were significant in almost all traits in both years.
The Quality of the Recent High-Growth Episode in Sub-Saharan Africa

The paper explores the quality of the recent high-growth episode in sub-Saharan Africa by examining the following two questions: (i) what has been the nature and pattern of SSA growth over the past 15 years and how does it compare with previous episodes? (ii) has this growth had an impact on socially desirable outcomes, for example, improvements in health, education and poverty indicators? To do this, the paper first examines various aspects of the fundamentals of growth in SSA - levels, volatility, sources, etc. - according to various country analytical groupings. Second, it explores the extent to which the growth has been accompanied by improvements in social indicators. The paper finds that the quality of growth in SSA over the past 15 years has unambiguously improved, although progress in social indicators has been uneven.
Doses e épocas de aplicação de boro na qualidade de sementes de soja

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de doses de boro (B) em cinco épocas (estádios fenológicos) na qualidade fisiológica de sementes da variedade de soja M 7110 IPRO. O projeto foi realizado no Laboratório da Universidade Estadual de Goiás - UEG, Campus Ipameri, localizado no município de Ipameri-GO. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5 x 6 com quatro repetições, sendo seis doses de B (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 kg ha-1) aplicadas via solo, utilizando como fonte o ácido bórico (17%), em cinco épocas de aplicação: semeadura, estádio V3 ( segundo trifólio aberto), V6 (sétima folha trifoliolada completamente aberta), V9 (décima folha trifoliolada completamente aberta) e R1 (início do florescimento) As análises laboratoriais foram realizadas no Laboratório de Sementes da Universidade Estadual de Goiás – UEG, Campus Ipameri, sendo avaliados os seguintes testes de vigor: germinação padrão, primeira contagem de germinação, condutividade elétrica, emergência de plântulas em campo, comprimento de plântula e massa da matéria seca de plântula. A aplicação via solo de B é mais adequada na semeadura da soja proporcionado sementes com maior vigor. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi influenciada pela aplicação de 2,5 e 3,0 kg ha-1 de boro.
ANALYZING THE GAP BETWEEN RECOMMENDED AND ADOPTED PRACTICES OF POTATO PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY IN DISTRICT OKARA, PUNJAB

Potato is an important vegetable crop. It is grown under cooled season with sandy to clay loamy fertile soil. Potato is the rich source of Potassium and Vitamin C. Agriculture extension sources (public and private) actively participate for imparting awareness to farmers about recommended practices for potato production and provide guideline for adopting these practices. The main focus of this studywas to analyze the gap between recommended and adopted practices of potato production technology. Okara is the main hub of Potato in Pakistan. From 3 tehsils (Okara, Depalpur, Renala Khurd) of district Okara, tehsil okara was selected randomly. The study had been designed by collecting primary data through field survey, using random sample of 120 potato growers from Okara. Frequencies and Percentages were used as statistical tool through SPSS 20.0. 0. The study showed that mostly farmers were aware of recommended production technology of potato and many of them adopted too. But a large number did not used recommended practices. So there is the need to enhance the efforts of extension services and introduce more advanced recommendations for achieving high per acre yield of potato. Extension efforts must be according to need of farmers.
The Reliability of the Seated Medicine Ball Throw as Assessed with Accelerometer Instrumentation

The Seated Medicine Ball Throw (SMBT) is low-risk, easy to perform, requires minimal equipment, and is a valid measure of upper body explosiveness. The Ballistic Ball™ (BB) medicine ball contains inertial sensors which estimate peak velocity, and transmits these values to an iPad™ app via Bluetooth™. This method of gathering data may be superior to using horizontal distance as there is less chance of confounding factors and it is easier to administer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the BB peak velocity measurement in the SMBT. Twenty healthy, rested, recreationally-active, undergraduate students volunteered to participate in this study. After a standard dynamic warm-up, subjects were taught proper throwing technique. For familiarization, subjects performed repeated SMBTs with a 10 lb BB until horizontal distance thrown for 3 consecutive trials was within 0.25m. After 20 minutes of rest, subjects repeated the warm-up protocol, then performed 6 trials with the same 10 lb BB for which peak velocity was recorded. The test-retest reliability of these 6 trials was analyzed using intraclass correlations (ICC). The ICCs between consecutive trials ranged from 0.94 to 0.98. Peak velocity for trials 1-6 were: 3.85±1.14 m/s, 3.86±1.06 m/s, 3.94±1.22 m/s, 3.85±1.13 m/s, 3.95±1.21 m/s, 3.92±1.20 m/s, respectively. The high ICC values suggest excellent reliability of the peak velocity measurement from the BB device. The BB peak velocity as assessed during a SMBT is a reliable method for assessment of upper body explosiveness.
Energy efficient clustering and secure routing using reinforcement learning for three-dimensional mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) comprises a set of wireless nodes that provide communication benefits for users without any access points or centralised control. Owing to the highly dynamic wireless nature, MANET has many challenges such as limited energy, packet loss, and security. Therefore, a special energy efficient and secure routing protocol is of great importance in MANETs. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) MANET is considered where mobile nodes are distributed and moved within 3D space. The energy consumption (EC) and throughput increases in the 3D environment compared to 2D. Initially, cell clustering is performed by node residual energy, distance, and mobility in which a cumulative fitness value is computed using the firefly algorithm (firefly with cyclic randomisation algorithm). Then introduced a novel routing scheme referred to as two-hop relay selection by multi-metric based reinforcement learning algorithm. Multi-metric considered for routing is the following: node delay, node distance, node stability, node mobility, and node degree. Before transmission, data packets are encrypted based on the robust cipher watermarking scheme (watermark generation, embedding, and extraction). An extensive simulation is conducted using NS3.26 under a 3D environment in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, routing packet overhead, EC, and security strength.
Some asymptotic problems for dynamical random graphs

XUAN WANG: Some Asymptotic Problems for Dynamical Random Graphs (Under the direction of Shankar Bhamidi and Amarjit Budhiraja) This dissertation consists of two parts. In the first part we study the phase transition of a class of dynamical random graph processes, that evolve via the addition of new edges in a manner that incorporates both randomness as well as limited choice. As the density of edges increases, the graphs display a phase transition from the subcritical regime, where all components are small, to the supercritical regime, where a “giant” component emerges. We are interested in the behavior at criticality. First, we consider the simplest model of this kind, namely the Bohman-Frieze process. We show that the stochastic process of component sizes, in the critical window for the Bohman-Frieze process after proper scaling, converges to the standard multiplicative coalescent. Next, we study a more general family of dynamical random graph models, namely, the bounded-size-rule processes. We prove a useful upper bound on the size of the largest component in the barely subcritical regime. We then use this upper bound to study both sizes and surplus of the components of the bounded-size-rule processes in the critical window. In order to describe the joint evolution of sizes and surplus, we introduce the augmented multiplicative coalescent. Our main result shows that the vector of suitably scaled component sizes and surplus converges in distribution to the augmented multiplicative coalescent. In the second part of this dissertation, we study a large deviation problem related to the configuration model with a given degree distribution. We define a random walk associated with the depth-first-exploration of the random graph constructed from the configuration model. The large deviation principle of this random walk
Exploring Success in Tutoring the Non-Native English Speaker at University Writing Centers

This study examined the perspectives of both tutors at university writing centers and the Non-Native English Speaking (NNES) students who use the centers. Using qualitative methods, this study looked at perceptions of the academic writing needs of the NNES students, along with characteristics of tutoring sessions which made the sessions successful in the eyes of tutors and students. The study used interviews, observations, a survey, and artifacts to look at these topics and then compared the perceptions of tutors and students. Additionally, the study compared writing centers at two universities, one of which employs an ESL specialist, in order to learn if employing this specialist affects success for the tutors and NNES students. Results indicate that student and tutor perceptions of student needs were similar in that they expressed consistent need for grammar assistance and help with low-order concerns (LOCs). Sessions at both universities were successful, according to tutors and students, if sessions focused on these grammar and LOC needs. Employing an ESL specialist did not affect the perceptions of students or tutors nor did it seem to effect the success of sessions for either students or tutors.
PENGARUH PERMAINAN KECIL TERHADAP MOTOR EDUCABILITY

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan kecil terhadap motor educability . Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan motor educability tes atau IOWA Brace test. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian pendekatan kuantitatif metode eksperimen yang terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu: pre-test, treatment dan post test. Pre-test dilakukan untuk mengetahui motor educability awal siswa sebelum mendapat perlakuan dengan permainan kecil. Treatment dilakukan dengan memberikan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan permainan kecil dan kemudian post test untuk mengetahui motor educalibity setelah diberikan perlakuan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan t-tes dan menunjukkan, permainan kecil berpengaruh terhadap motor educability peserta ekstrakulikuler Pramuka.
Concepts first—a small group approach to physics learning

We have been using Alan Van Heuvelen’s “Overview, Case Study: Physics” (OCS Physics) methodology in introductory physics courses since 1991 at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) with remarkable success. We present various comparisons showing the effectiveness of OCS instruction over traditional teaching. In particular, since the introduction of OCS physics into NJIT’s summer Educational Opportunity Program (EOP), which consists of mostly minority participants, EOP students have significantly outperformed non-EOP students in their fall physics courses. Interviews with students and observations suggest that “second teaching” takes place in small groups following “first teaching” by the instructor. Second teaching is based on ideas of Vygotsky.
Optimal Operation of Power Distribution Feeders with Smart Loads

Distribution systems have been going through significant changes in recent years, moving away from traditional systems with low-level control toward smart grids with highlevel control, with improved technologies in communications, monitoring, computation, and real-time control. In the context of smart grids, Demand Response (DR) programs have been introduced so that customers are able to control and alter their energy consumption in consideration with distribution system operators, with benefits accruing to both customers and Local Distribution Companies (LDCs). This thesis focuses on the integration of DR with the intelligent operation of distribution system feeders. Thus, it proposes a mathematical model of an unbalanced three-phase distribution system power flow, including different kinds of loads and other components of distribution systems. In this context, an unbalanced three-phase Distribution Optimal Power Flow (DOPF) model is proposed, which includes the models of lines, transformers, voltage-based loads, smart loads, Load Tap Changers (LTCs), and Switched Capacitors (SCs), together with their respective operating limits, to determine the optimal switching decisions for LTCs, SCs, and control signals for smart loads, in particular, Energy Hub Management System loads and Peaksaver PLUS loads. Hence, Neural-Networkbased models of controllable smart loads, which are integrated into the DOPF model are proposed, developed, and tested. Since the DOPF model has different discrete variables such as LTCs and SCs, the model is a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) problem, which presents a considerable computational challenge. In order to solve this MINLP problem without approximations and ad-hoc heuristics, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to determine the optimal control decisions of controllable feeder elements and loads. Since the number of control variables in a realistic distribution system is large, solving the DOPF for real-time applications using GA is computationally expensive. Hence, a decentralized system with parallel computing nodes based on a Smart Grid Communication Middleware (SGCM) system is proposed. Using a “MapReduce” model, the SGCM system executes the DOPF model, communicates between the master and the worker computing nodes, and sends/receives data amongst different parts of the parallel computing system. When large number of nodes are involved, the SGCM system has a fast performance, is reliable, and is able to handle different fault tolerance levels with the available computing resources. The proposed approaches are tested and validated on a practical feeder with the objective of minimizing energy losses and/or energy drawn from the substation. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the developed techniques for real-time distribution feeder