Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterizing supply chain visibility – a literature review

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review that aims to provide insight into the characteristics and effectiveness of supply chain visibility (SCV), as well as to identify metrics that capture these aspects in business processes. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the supply chain literature is conducted to identify the characteristics and the effectiveness of SCV. The synthesis of SCV effectiveness and its metrics are based on the process-oriented approach which relates the effectiveness of SCV to improved business performance. Findings This study reveals that the characteristics of SCV can be captured in terms of the accessibility, quality, and usefulness of information. The benefits of SCV are found to extend beyond improvements to operational efficiency of business processes or to the strategic competencies of an organization. Practical implications This study underlines that clear agreements between all players involved in the SC can help to solve problems caused by information completeness (type and amount of information), and unlock the full potential of SCV projects. Originality/value By using a process-oriented approach, this review provides a comprehensive explanation of the functions of SCV, as well as its first-order effects, in terms of automational, informational, and transformational characteristics.
Long‐Term Results of Combined Anterior and Posterior Convex Epiphysiodesis for Congenital Scoliosis Due to Hemivertebrae

Study Design. Retrospective review of patient records with recent clinical and radiologic assessment. Objective. To evaluate the long‐term result of anterior and posterior convex epiphysiodesis in the management of congenital scoliosis resulting from fully segmented nonincarcerated hemivertebra. Summary of Background Data. Thirty patients (16 male/14 female patients) were reviewed. Follow‐up was a minimum of 3 years (average, 8 years 10 months; range, 3‐22.5 years). Nineteen patients were skeletally mature, and the mean age of the remaining 11 was 11.75 years. Method. Clinical evaluation and sequential measurements of Cobb angle was made independently by two observers. Results. Compared with preoperative values, the rate of change in Cobb angle was reversed in 23 patients, arrested or slowed in five patients, and unchanged or progressed in two patients. The annual rate of change in Cobb angle was +1.9° before surgery and −1.2° after surgery, a difference of 3.1°. This is highly statistically significant (P < 0.001). Total correction in Cobb angle correlates with age at time of surgery (P < 0.03). The rate of correction in Cobb angle after surgery correlates with the total correction achieved (P < 0.001) and with age at time of surgery (P < 0.05). The greater correction is achieved when surgery is performed at a young age. The preoperative rate of increase in Cobb angle does not correlate with correction (P < 0.76). The site of the hemivertebrae influenced final outcome with best results in the lumbar spine. Conclusion. Combined anterior and posterior convex epiphysiodesis is a reliable method for the correction of deformity resulting from hemivertebrae.
Reliable 300 mm Wafer Level Hybrid Bonding for 3D Stacked CMOS Image Sensors

3D Stacked Image sensor is the stacking of a Back-Side Illuminated (BSI) CMOS Image Sensor on a logic die. It enables compact size, higher performances and additional functionalities compared to standard BSI sensors. The highest footprint reduction is obtained with 3D hybrid bonding with metal interconnects between top and bottom tiers. Hybrid bonding process with oxide / copper direct bonding allows the highest scalability of interconnect pitch. In this study we present the morphological and electrical characterizations of a test vehicle. The hybrid bonding of wafers from two different technology nodes is performed using a dual damascene integration for the hybrid bonding level. The main parameters to assess the bonding interface quality are analyzed such as the influence of the pad design, the impact of reworkability and wafer -- to-wafer overlays. The process robustness is studied through reliability tests and electromigration measurements.
Marine mammal auditory systems : a summary of audiometric and anatomical data and its implications for underwater acoustic impacts

Audiogram: A graph of hearing ability charting frequency (abcissa) vs. sensitivity measured as sound pressure or intensity (ordinate). Cetaceans: Whales and dolphins decibel (dB): a scale based on the log ratio of two quantities. It is commonly used to represent sound pressure level or sound intensity. The value of the decibel depends upon the denominator used, or reference pressure. Therefore the decibel level of sound is properly stated in the form of n dB re n microPa . The microPascal is a unit of pressure; e.g., 100 dB re 20 microPa in air equals 160 dB re 1 microPa in water. infrasonic: below 20 Hz, the lower limit of human hearing kHz: kilo Hertz. A Hertz (Hz) is a measure of sound frequency equal to 1 cycle/sec, therefore a kHz is one thousand cycles per second. Mysticetes: Baleen or moustached whales, which include rorquals. The largest whales, all of which are opportunistic gulp or seine feeders. They are not known to echolocate. Octave: An octave is broadly defined as a doubling of frequency. Thus, a one octave shift from 500 Hz is 1,000 Hz, and from 3,000 Hz, it is 6,000 Hz. Adult humans have on average an 8-9, octave functional hearing range from 32 to 16 kHz. Odontocetes: toothed whales. All are believed to echolocate; i.e., to use a biosonar for imaging the environment via sound and sound analyses. Pinnipeds: Seals, sea lions, walruses. ultrasonic: above 20 kHz, the upper limit of human hearing.
A DPSK Receiver With Enhanced CD Tolerance Through Optimized Demodulation and MLSE

We experimentally demonstrate that a differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) receiver employing a Mach-Zehnder delay interferometer (MZDI) with a bit delay of less than one bit combined with maximum likelihood sequence estimation can considerably enhance the tolerance to chromatic dispersion (CD). Furthermore, we analyze the impact of sampling phase and optimize the MZDI bit delay for 10.7-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ)-DPSK demodulation. Our investigation shows that a 4000-ps/nm CD tolerance at 2-dB penalty is feasible for 10.7-Gb/s NRZ-DPSK.
Country- specific characteristics influencing Websites based information disclosure practices

This paper aims to examine and explain the Websites- based financial disclosure practices differences between developed European countries. The development of Internet financial reporting (IFR), as a new corporate reporting practice, was rapidly exploited by large listed companies in the world. A number of accounting research was analyzed the development of online reporting in various countries and they showed that firm specific incentives are the most important factors explaining the IFR practices, however, there was ignored the importance from the politico-socio conditions, as others factors influencing the IFR practices differences (as a accounting practices). As a refinement of Gray (1988)’ framework and an extension of Debrency et al. (2002) model, this study explore an empirical investigation validating the influence of culture, institutional factors on the financial disclosure level through corporate Websites in France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain and UK. It reveals the importance of technological and media presentation format as Web- based communication index component. The findings showed that environmental factors were significantly related to Websites technology index and economic development is an important factor determining the Websites financial disclosure practices differences.
Macrosegregation Quality Criteria and Mechanical Soft Reduction for Central Quality Problems in Continuous Casting of Steel

In order to study the central quality of continuously cast tool steel slabs, the simple model has been developed to simulate the macrosegregation quality criteria. The model calculates different quality criteria such as average macro-segregation level criterion “ASL”, its fluctuation level “FSL” and its segregation quality number “SQN”. These criteria are calculated based on the previous measurements of carbon and sulfur concentrations distributions in final region of spray zones and centerline area of lower and upper slab sides. The effect of mechanical soft reduction Technique “MSR” on the slab centerline quality is examined and analyzed. The model results show that MSR affects the quality of centerline areas significantly by different ways based on the casting speed. The experimental and theoretical results clarify that the qualities of different slab sides are different for all collected samples. The model results show also that the accuracy of the macro-segregation quality criteria increases quantitatively with increasing the number of analyzed segregated elements. Therefore, the macrosegregation quality criteria and their distributions can be considered as the most simple and vital tool to evaluate the various slab qualities. Finally, the mechanism of centerline segregation formation with mechanical soft reduction is discussed in this study.
Quantification of HIV‐1 proviral DNA by a standardized colorimetric PCR‐based assay

A simple method was developed for measuring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) proviral DNA in mononuclear cells based on the commercially available Amplicor(TM) HIV‐1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and the limiting dilution method. The lowest limit of detection was four proviral genomes per 106 cells. The accuracy was demonstrated by using serial dilutions of LAV‐8E5 cells, and the interassay variability was 0.2 log. The technique was used to measure HIV‐1 proviral DNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 18 antiretroviral drug‐naive HIV‐1‐positive individuals before and 4 weeks after initiating double nucleoside therapy. The DNA proviral titers at baseline (median = 3.45, range = 2.11–4.7 log copies/106 cells) were 2.08 log greater than the infectivity titers, but there was a correlation between these two parameters (r = 0.63, P = 0.009). The mean decrease in the proviral DNA titer after 4 weeks of therapy was 0.31 log, whereas the decrease in the infectivity titer was 0.81 log and the decrease in the plasma RNA concentration was 1.29 log. The technique was also used to measure HIV‐1 proviral DNA in the PBMC of 11 patients who had undetectable plasma HIV‐1 RNA after being placed on combination antiretroviral therapy. Although proviral DNA remained detectable in all patients after 36 weeks of treatment, a gradual decline with an estimated half‐life of 21–58 weeks was observed. The reliability of this simple and convenient colorimetric PCR‐based technique indicates its suitability for assessing the effect of current antiretroviral regimens on the latent reservoirs of provirus. J. Med. Virol. 54:54–59, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bacterial respiration.

Aerobic electron transport. 66 Anaerobic electron transport . 68 Azotobacter vinelandii . 68 Respiratory chain energy conservation . 69 Respiratory protection of nitrogenase . 70 BACTERIAL ATPase COMPLEXES . 71 Membrane-Bound ATPase Complexes . 71 Morphology and location . 71 Proton-translocating properties. 72
Interactive comment on “ Use of GNSS SNR data to retrieve soil moisture and vegetation variables over a wheat crop

This paper presents a case study applying GNSS signals, which were reflected on the ground surface (soil, vegetation surface) to derive soil moisture and vegetation height data over a wheat crop field. The GPS antenna was installed at a height of 2.51 m. Soil moisture was retrieved as long as the vegetation height was lower than ∼20 cm. However, with a further increase in plant height, it was not possible to retrieve soil moisture. Reaching a certain plant height, it was then possible to retrieve the vegetation height from the GNSS signals.
Comparative analysis of autistic traits and behavioral disorders in Prader–Willi syndrome and Asperger disorder

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neuro‐genetic disorder caused by the absence/loss of expression of one or more paternally expressed genes on chromosome 15 (q11–13). In this study, a comparative analysis of intelligence level and autistic traits was conducted between children with PWS (n = 30; 18 males, 12 females; age = 10.6 ± 2.8 years) and those with Asperger disorder (AD; n = 31; 24 males, 7 females; age = 10.5 ± 3.1 years). The children were compared by age group: lower elementary school age (6–8 years), upper elementary school age (9–12 years), and middle school age (13–15 years). As results, the intelligence levels of children with PWS were significantly lower than those with AD across all age groups. Autistic traits, assessed using the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS), revealed that among elementary school age children, those with PWS had less prominent autistic traits than those with AD, however, among middle school age children, those with PWS and AD showed similar prominence. An analysis of the PARS subscale scores by age group showed that while the profiles of autistic traits for children with PWS differed from those of children with AD at elementary school age, the profiles showed no significant differences between the groups at middle school age. The findings suggest that autistic traits in PWS become gradually more prominent with increasing of age and that these autistic traits differ in their fundamental nature from those observed in AD. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
KESIAPAN UMKM TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI SAK EMKM (STUDI UMKM DI KABUPATEN BLORA)

SMEs has an important role in economic development in Indonesia. In this development, SMEs has several obstacles. One of them is the preparation of financial statements that are not in accordance with accounting standards in Indonesia. SAK ETAP is a standard for SMEs in preparing financial statements. However, many studies have suggested that the majority of SMEs in Indonesia have not been able to implement SAK ETAP because the standard are too complex. Therefore DSAK IAI publishes new financial accounting standard for SMEs which is SAK EMKM effective on January 01, 2018. The new standard is intended to assist the needs in the preparation of financial statements. The result of this research shows the level the readiness of SMEs in implementing SAK EMKM. In conducting this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative research. The researcher collects the data of this research from the interview and documentation. The analysis is dine by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this research shows that two SMEs in Blora Regency are not ready in applying SAK EMKM. The absence of SMEs have not done the preparation of financial statements.
NAFLD and extrahepatic cancers: have a look at the colon

A high body-mass index has been demonstrated to be associated with an increased mortality not only from cardiovascular disease but also from certain cancers.1 An impressive body of evidence further indicates that the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer is increased in subjects with obesity and related metabolic syndrome.2 Obesity has indeed a direct and independent relationship with colorectal cancer, although the strength of the association with general obesity seems to be smaller than previously reported.3 A recent French study suggests that obesity and weight gain are associated with early colorectal carcinogenesis in women especially regarding the distal colon.4 Several other studies identified an increased risk of developing also other gastrointestinal cancers such as oesophageal adenocarcinoma in the obese population. The association between obesity and other gastrointestinal malignancies, however, has been less robust. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has arisen as one of the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide and usually develops in obese subjects. Pathophysiological insights into this disorder have improved substantially in recent years and, in addition, various clinical associations, such as insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, have been well recognised. …
Factors Affecting the Implementation of E-marketing in Small and Medium- Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Palestine

This study investigates the factors affecting the acceptance and implementation of E-marketing in small and medium sized enterprises SMEs– specifically small and medium-sized restaurants SMRs in Palestine and the effect of this implementation on marketing performance from the organization level. The study was applied to the SMRs in Palestine as the restaurants sector is one of the most active and prosperous sectors in Palestine. Potential factors were derived and conceptually-modeled for analysis based on popular acceptance models in literature, namely, Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT). More specifically, three contexts (technological, organizational and environmental) with sixteen factors were hypothesized to influence the acceptance and implementation of E-marketing in SMRs. To conduct the study, the quantitative method was used. Relevant data were collected from a stratified randomly-selected sample of 223 SMRs working in West Bank in Palestine. Data were reported by participants using a self-report questionnaire. Pearson Correlation and multiple linear regression were employed to analyze the collected data
CER-ETH – Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich Impact of religious participation, social interactions and globalisation on meat consumption: evidence from India

From both health and environmental policy perspectives, it is advisable to ensure that individuals maximise the nutritional gains from eating meat, without having a significantly adverse environmental impact, i.e. sustainable meat consumption pathways are imperative. This is especially true for developing countries, where rising incomes and growing populations have meant that meat consumption has also risen. India is an example of a country where a large share of the population has been vegetarian due to religious and cultural factors, although this is rapidly changing. In this paper, we hypothesise that social interactions and globalisation are two factors that explain this shift in consumption behaviour, especially amongst Hindu households. These hypotheses are based on the theoretical findings of Levy and Razin (2012). The empirical results show that Hindus that are members of religious groups are less likely to eat meat than non-member Hindus, whereas Hindus that are members of non-religious types of groups are more likely to eat meat than non-members. We also find that Hindu households that frequently use sources of media such as newspapers, the radio or television are more likely to consume meat compared to Hindus that do not. This paper provides important policy implications, both in terms of the formulation of Nationally Recommended Diets in developing countries, and in terms of identifying the channel of influence of both social networks and globalisation on social and religious norms, consumption behaviour, and ultimately, on climate change.
Characterizing Motif Dynamics of Electric Brain Activity Using Symbolic Analysis

Motifs are small recurring circuits of interactions which constitute the backbone of networked systems. Characterizing motif dynamics is therefore key to understanding the functioning of such systems. Here we propose a method to define and quantify the temporal variability and time scales of electroencephalogram (EEG) motifs of resting brain activity. Given a triplet of EEG sensors, links between them are calculated by means of linear correlation; each pattern of links (i.e., each motif) is then associated to a symbol, and its appearance frequency is analyzed by means of Shannon entropy. Our results show that each motif becomes observable with different coupling thresholds and evolves at its own time scale, with fronto-temporal sensors emerging at high thresholds and changing at fast time scales, and parietal ones at low thresholds and changing at slower rates. Finally, while motif dynamics differed across individuals, for each subject, it showed robustness across experimental conditions, indicating that it could represent an individual dynamical signature.
Top management team demographic‐faultline strength and strategic change: What role does environmental dynamism play?

Research summary Drawing on the demographic faultline perspective and the concept of attribute‐specific faultlines, we investigate the effect of top management team (TMT) relationship‐related (gender, age, educational level) and task‐related (functional background, tenure) faultline strengths on strategic change. In a panel study (2003–2015), we find that TMT relationship‐related faultline strength (especially educational‐level) negatively influences strategic change whereas TMT task‐related faultline strength positively affects strategic change. Environmental dynamism reduces the negative effect of TMT gender and educational‐level faultline strengths on strategic change while in fact revealing a notable positive effect between TMT age‐faultline strength and strategic change. Additionally, environmental dynamism strengthens the positive effects of task‐related TMT faultline strength on strategic change. We offer theoretical and practical implications to both the demographic faultlines and upper echelons research domains. Managerial summary Top management teams (TMTs) in firms can fracture into subgroups based on demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, and education level) as well as based on task‐related characteristics (e.g., functional background, and tenure). We call the former relationship‐related faultlines and the latter task‐related faultlines. We predict and find that stronger relationship based faultlines hinders between subgroup cohesion, reducing TMTs' ability to initiate strategic change. We also predict and find that stronger task‐related faultlines facilitate inter‐subgroup knowledge‐sharing, improving TMTs' ability to initiate strategic change. We find that environmental dynamism reduces the negative effect of most relationship‐related faultlines (except age where this effect is positive) on strategic change, while strengthening the positive effect of task‐related faultline strengths on strategic change.
Intravenous immune globulin in the therapy of myocarditis and acute cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND Although an autoimmune pathogenesis has been postulated for dilated cardiomyopathy, immunosuppressive therapy has not been shown to be effective in clinical trials. Immune modulatory therapy with immune globulin is an effective therapy for Kawasaki disease in children, and recent data suggest that it improves ventricular function in children with new-onset dilated cardiomyopathies. The role of immune globulin therapy in adults with this disorder has not previously been evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten patients were treated with high-dose intravenous immune globulin infusions (2 g/kg). All were hospitalized with NYHA class III to IV heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 0.40, and symptoms for < 6 months at the time of presentation. One patient died before the completion of therapy. The remaining 9 were discharged, and LVEF was reassessed 12 months after therapy. LVEF improved from 0.24 +/- 0.02 (mean +/- SEM) at baseline to 0.41 +/- 0.04 at follow-up (P = .003). All 9 patients improved functionally to NYHA class I to II, and there have been no subsequent hospitalizations for heart failure during the course of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In this series of patients with new-onset dilated cardiomyopathy treated with high-dose immune globulin, LVEF improved 17 EF units. The effectiveness of intravenous immune globulin therapy in this disorder should be evaluated in a randomized, multicenter trial.