Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
İlköğretim 7. Sınıf fen ve teknoloji öğretmen kılavuz kitabının öğretmen görüşlerine dayalı olarak değerlendirilmesi

Bu calismanin amaci; Fen ve Teknoloji Ogretmenlerinin ilkogretim 7. sinif Fen ve Teknoloji Ogretmen Kilavuz Kitabi ile ilgili sahip olduklari gorusleri aciga cikarmaktir. Calismada ozel durum yontemi kullanilmistir. Calismanin orneklemini Trabzon’da calismakta olan 10 Fen ve Teknoloji ogretmeni olusturmustur. Calismada veri toplama araci olarak yari yapilandirilmis mulakat sorulari kullanilmistir. Mul akat verilerinin analizinde betimsel analizden faydalanilmistir. Arastirmanin sonucunda; ogretmenlerin kilavuz kitabi dil anlatim, etkinlik ve ek etkinliklere yer verme yonunden begendikleri, olcme ve degerlendirme yonunden ise cesitli acilardan elestirdikleri sonucuna ulasilmistir. Kilavuz kitaplarda olcme ve degerlendirme teknikleri hakkinda gerekli bilgilendirilmelerin yapilmasi ve ogretmenlere hizmet ici egitim etkinliklerinin duzenlenmesi gerektigi oneri olarak sunulmustur.
Evaluation of frailty status among older people living in urban communities by Edmonton Frail Scale in Wuhu, China: a cross-sectional study

Background: Few studies have explored the factors that are associated with frailty among older people. Objective: To investigate the frailty status and examine the sociodemographic factors that are associated with of older peoples’ frailty status in China. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We used convenience sampling to recruit the participants (aged 60 and above) from four communities in an urban area of Wuhu, Anhui, China. Participants completed a questionnaire which included the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and sociodemographic factorsWe used convenience sampling to recruit the participants (aged 60 and above) from four communities in an urban area of Wuhu, Anhui, China. Participants completed a questionnaire which included the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and sociodemographic factors. Results: Of 306 participants, the percentage of participants with a robust score (0–4) on the EFS was 71.9%, 14.1% had an apparently vulnerable score (5–6), and 14.0% had a frail score (7–17). Age, chronic disease status and marital status were significantly associated with frailty. Conclusions: There are a high percentage of frail older Chinese adults in the urban area. The present study findings could provide better understanding of the factors associated with frailty status of this population.
HANDBOOK OF EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY

The Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology is one of the most authoritative and influential book series in pharmacology. It provides critical and comprehensive discussions of the most significant areas of pharmacological research, written by leading international authorities. Each volume in the series represents the most informative and contemporary account of its subject available, making it an unrivalled reference source. Indexed in PubMed.
From a Bird’s Eye View: Whole Social Networks in Adult Day Care Centers and Continuing Care Retirement Communities

Abstract Background and Objectives The present study describes whole social networks in 4 adult day care centers (ADCCs) and 4 continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs) in Israel. Method Each respondent received a list of names of all individuals receiving services in the respective ADCC or CCRC and was asked to indicate whom he/she knows from the list. We derived whole social network properties and used hierarchical cluster analysis to group network settings. We further examined the ability of the social network data to classify respondents as members of either an ADCC or a CCRC. Results Many social network properties were more favorable in CCRCs than in ADCCs. A striking finding of the present study is that one can classify with a relatively high degree of accuracy a respondent as belonging to an ADCC or a CCRC, simply based on his or her social properties (specifically, number of people who know the participant and are known by the participant). Implications Despite some similarities between CCRCs and ADCCs, CCRCs likely allow for more inclusive and active social relations. This information should be valuable to administrators and care providers.
OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE : What Does the Research Tell Us About the Ways That Children Tell ?

Although it is widely acknowledged that the sexual assault of children is a major societal concern, it is not known how many children are victims of sexual abuse in the United States (Ceci & Friedman, 2000). There are two major reasons for this lack of data. First, present estimates of the incidence of child sexual abuse (CSA) are primarily based on reports received and validated by child protection agencies. These figures, however, do not reflect the number of unreported cases or the number of cases reported to other types of agencies (e.g., sheriff's offices) and professionals (e.g., mental health diversion programs). Second, the accuracy of diagnosis of CSA is often difficult because definitive medical or physical evidence is lacking or inconclusive in the vast majority of cases (Bays & Chadwick, 1993; Berenson, Heger, & Andrews, 1991), and because there are no gold standard psychological symptoms specific to sexual abuse (Kendall-Tacket, Williams, & Finkelhor, 1993; Poole & Lindsay, 1998; J. M. Wood & Wright, 1995). Given these limitations of medical and psychological evidence, children's statements typically represent the central evidence for judging the occurrence of CSA. In making these judgments, professionals must often address the delicate issue concerning how children disclose abuse.
Complex systems modeling with intelligent control elements

The approach to managing complex systems through the usage of fuzzy technology in combination with the system-dynamic modeling is improved. The methods of system dynamics and artificial intelligence represented the research subject. Object of study includes process operation of complex systems. For the experiment selected banking system (BS) and commercial bank (CB) as its subsystem. The mathematical models of the BS and CBs are developed; elements of intelligent control are formalized. The knowledge base in the form of production rules is designed in the paper. Functions of fuzzy variables and their parameters are selected for building fuzzy models using Mamdani and Sugeno algorithms. The control impact and the functioning of intellectual decision support system for the prediction task are studied. The efficiency of scientific research on the example of the Ukrainian BS is evaluated.
Structured Binary Neural Networks for Accurate Image Classification and Semantic Segmentation

In this paper, we propose to train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with both binarized weights and activations, leading to quantized models specifically for mobile devices with limited power capacity and computation resources. By assuming the same architecture to full-precision networks, previous works on quantizing CNNs seek to preserve the floating-point information using a set of discrete values, which we call value approximation. However, we take a novel ``structure approximation'' view for quantization--- it is very likely that a different architecture may be better for best performance. In particular, we propose a ``network decomposition'' strategy, named Group-Net, in which we divide the network into groups. In this way, each full-precision group can be effectively reconstructed by aggregating a set of homogeneous binary branches. In addition, we learn effect connections among groups to improve the representational capability. Moreover, the proposed Group-Net shows strong generalization to other tasks. For instance, we extend Group-Net for highly accurate semantic segmentation by embedding rich context into the binary structure. Experiments on both classification and semantic segmentation tasks demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed methods over various popular architectures. In particular, we outperform the previous best binary neural networks in terms of accuracy and huge computation saving.
Factors Predicting Decisions About Technology Adoption Among Older Adults

Abstract Background and Objectives Numerous technology applications are available that have the potential to improve the quality of life (QoL) of older adults. However, older adults are less likely to adopt new and emerging technologies and reap the potential benefits. This study examines factors that influence older adults’ decisions about the adoption of new technology. Research Design and Methods Fifty-two older adults participated in a mixed-method procedure, which entailed: (1) observing presentations detailing nine differing technologies, (2) assessing the technologies using tailored questionnaires, and (3) participating in focus group discussions. Participants were assigned into one of seven groups separated by age (65–74, 75+) and language (English, Spanish). The outcome was willingness to adopt technology. Predictors included self-assessed abilities (e.g., numeric ability), computer/Internet skills and knowledge, technology readiness, age, language, and technology ratings (e.g., perceived value). Analyses included Spearman’s ρ, t-tests, and regression analysis. Focus group discussions were examined for supportive examples. Results Self-assessed abilities and computer/Internet skills were predictive of willingness to adopt technologies although the relationship varied according to the technology examined. Technology readiness, age, and language group showed weak associations with the outcome. Of the technology ratings, perceived value, confidence in ability to learn the technology, and the perceived impact on QoL were the most robust predictors of willingness to adopt technology. Discussion and Implications Findings indicate that various stakeholders in technology adoption among older adults must be cognizant of a technology’s functionality and complexity as well as the characteristics and abilities of older adults. However, certain factors such as perceptions about the value of the technology and potential impact on QoL are also critically important to decisions regarding technology adoption among older people.
CNKSR1 gene defect can cause syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability

The advent of high‐throughput sequencing technologies has led to an exponential increase in the identification of novel disease‐causing genes in highly heterogeneous diseases. A novel frameshift mutation in CNKSR1 gene was detected by Next‐Generation Sequencing (NGS) in an Iranian family with syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID). CNKSR1 encodes a connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1, which acts as a scaffold component for receptor tyrosine kinase in mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. CNKSR1 interacts with proteins which have already been shown to be associated with intellectual disability (ID) in the MAPK signaling pathway and promotes cell migration through RhoA‐mediated c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Lack of CNKSR1 transcripts and protein was observed in lymphoblastoid cells derived from affected patients using qRT–PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Furthermore, RNAi‐mediated knockdown of cnk, the CNKSR1 orthologue in Drosophila melanogaster brain, led to defects in eye and mushroom body (MB) structures. In conclusion, our findings support the possible role of CNKSR1 in brain development which can lead to cognitive impairment.
The Best of Both Worlds: Lexical Resources To Improve Low-Resource Part-of-Speech Tagging

In natural language processing, the deep learning revolution has shifted the focus from conventional hand-crafted symbolic representations to dense inputs, which are adequate representations learned automatically from corpora. However, particularly when working with low-resource languages, small amounts of symbolic lexical resources such as user-generated lexicons are often available even when gold-standard corpora are not. Such additional linguistic information is though often neglected, and recent neural approaches to cross-lingual tagging typically rely only on word and subword embeddings. While these representations are effective, our recent work has shown clear benefits of combining the best of both worlds: integrating conventional lexical information improves neural cross-lingual part-of-speech (PoS) tagging. However, little is known on how complementary such additional information is, and to what extent improvements depend on the coverage and quality of these external resources. This paper seeks to fill this gap by providing the first thorough analysis on the contributions of lexical resources for cross-lingual PoS tagging in neural times.
A Joint Typicality Approach to Compute–Forward

This paper presents a joint typicality framework for encoding and decoding nested linear codes in multi-user networks. This framework provides a new perspective on compute–forward within the context of discrete memoryless networks. In particular, it establishes an achievable rate region for computing a linear combination over a discrete memoryless multiple-access channel (MAC). When specialized to the Gaussian MAC, this rate region recovers and improves upon the lattice-based compute–forward rate region of Nazer and Gastpar, thus providing a unified approach for discrete memoryless and Gaussian networks. Furthermore, our framework provides some valuable insights on establishing the optimal decoding rate region for compute–forward by considering joint decoders, progressing beyond most previous works that consider successive cancellation decoding. Specifically, this paper establishes an achievable rate region for simultaneously decoding two linear combinations of nested linear codewords from $K$ senders.
Effect of photoperiod on growth performance and quality characteristics of tibia and femur in layer ducks during the pullet phase

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of photoperiod on growth performance and bone development in layer ducks during the pullet phase. A total of 480 11‐wk‐old Jinding layer ducks were randomly divided into 5 groups, receiving 6L (light): 18D (dark), 8L: 16D, 10L: 14D, 12L: 12D, 14L: 10D, respectively. Each group had 6 replicates of 16 birds each. The feeding trial lasted 80 d until 150 d of age. The results showed that 8L: 16D increased body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG; P < 0.05) compared with 6L:18D, whereas average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality rate had no difference among all treatments (P > 0.05). The midpoint perimeter (tibia and femur) and work to fracture (Wu; tibia) increased quadratically (P < 0.05), in response to photoperiod increment. Compared with 6L:18D, 8L:16D had higher tibia midpoint perimeter, ultimate load (Fu), and cortical cross‐sectional area (P < 0.05), accompanied with higher content of total Ca, distal bone mineral content (BMC), and cortical volumetric BMC (vBMC; P < 0.05). A linear increase was observed in trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and vBMC (tibia and femur), elastic energy (femur), work to fracture Wu and young modulus of elasticity E (tibia) in response to photoperiod increase (P < 0.05), and treatment with 14L:10D had higher ultimate load Fu and total Ca of tibia (P < 0.05). Besides, estradiol and testosterone levels (serum), estrogen receptor gene mRNA expression (bone tissue), alkaline phosphatase and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activities, transforming growth factor‐&bgr;, osteocalcin and tumor necrosis factor‐&agr; contents increased in ≥12 h photoperiods (P < 0.05). In summary, appropriate photoperiod increased BW, ADG, cortical bone generation, and bone mineralization, whereas only medullary bone formation increased with photoperiods. These results suggest that 8L:16D could be an adequate photoperiod for layer ducks’ growth and bone development during the pullet phase.
Implementation of imperialist competitive algorithm to solve non-convex economic dispatch problem

This paper presents the application of an evolutionary algorithm, namely the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) to solve the economic dispatch (ED) problem. ICA is a population-based optimization algorithm inspired by the socio-political process of imperialistic competition and has proven its superior capabilities, such as faster convergence and better global minimum achievement. Practical ED has non-smooth cost functions subject to various equality and inequality constraints that make the ED problem a nonlinear and non-convex optimization problem. To show the efficiency of the ICA in solving the ED problem, it is applied to three test systems having non-convex solution spaces. Simulation studies verify the power and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Multi-robot replication of ant collective towing behaviours

In this work, teams of small mobile robots are used to test hypotheses about cooperative transport by ants. This study attempts to explain a decrease in steady-state transport speed with increasing team size that was previously observed in the ant Novomessor cockerelli. Two models of one-dimensional collective towing are compared: one in which transporters with different maximum speeds pull the payload with continuous, variable forces and another in which transporters with identical speeds pull with intermittent, unsynchronized forces. A statistical analysis of ant data supports the hypothesis that ants behave according to the first model, in which the steady-state transport speed is the maximum speed of the slowest teammate. By contrast, the ant data are not consistent with the second model, which predicts constant speed regardless of team size. To verify these predictions, the ant behaviours in each model are translated into decentralized controllers and implemented on teams of two to four robots. The controller for the first model incorporates a real-time reinforcement learning algorithm that successfully reproduces the observed relationship between ant team size and transport speed. The controller for the second model yields the predicted invariance of transport speed with team size. These results show the value of robotic swarms for testing mechanistic hypotheses about biological collectives.
Ways for people on hemodialysis to deal with stressors: a literature review

An integrative literature review was performed with the purpose to synthesize the contribution brought by research on the ways that people on hemodialysis deal with the treatment. Through a bibliographic review, 12 articles were identified, which composed the study sample. The results point out that problem-focused coping are the most used and that depression was positively correlated with the forms of emotionfocused coping for people on hemodialysis. The identification of the forms of dealing with the treatment is valuable information to plan treatments individually so as to control the stressors inherent to the disease and to hemodialysis, thus supporting the patient toward a better adaptation to the therapeutic regimen.
Vision and control techniques for robotic visual tracking

Algorithms for robotic real-time visual tracking of arbitrary 3-D objects traveling at unknown velocities in a 2-D space are presented. The problem of visual tracking is formulated as a problem of combining control with computer vision. A mathematical formulation that is general enough to be extended to the problem of tracking 3-D objects in 3-D space is presented. The authors propose the use of sum-of-squared differences optical flow for the computation of the vector of discrete displacements each instant of time. These displacements can be fed either directly to a PI controller, a pole assignment controller, or a discrete steady-state Kalman filter. In the latter case, the Kalman filter calculates the estimated values of the system's states and exogenous disturbances, and a discrete LQG controller computes the desired motion of the robotic system. The outputs of the controllers are sent to a Cartesian robotic controller that drives the robot. <<ETX>>
Sub-pixel correction in comparison between in situ and satellite derived spectral reflectance

In comparison between in situ and satellite-derived spectral reflectance so as to validate a newly launched satellite sensor, the difficulty is that the ground measurement is generally carried out at a higher resolution than the satellite sensor, especially for moderate or high resolution sensors such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) or the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) etc. To overcome this difficulty, we adopt sub-pixel correction method in a comparison study between in situ and MODIS-derived spectral reflectances of snow and sea ice in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica. The position of the in situ measurement is accurately located within the imagery granule using the combination of small angle approximation and direct matching algorithms. Apparent reflectance retrieved from MODIS granule for the station pixel is atmospherically corrected. The corresponding spectral albedo and directional reflectance at the same viewing geometry as MODIS are derived from ground-based spectroradiometer measurements. The averaged spectral reflectance and albedo in the vicinity of each ice station are simulated for the corresponding MODIS pixel from ground spectral measurements by weighing over different surface types (various ice types and open water) so that reflectance difference at a sub-pixel level is appropriately corrected. Values of ground-based MODIS spectral simulation are compared with satellite-derived values so that the discrepancy is estimated.
Why Humans Fail in Solving the Monty Hall Dilemma: A Systematic Review

The Monty Hall dilemma (MHD) is a difficult brain teaser. We present a systematic review of literature published between January 2000 and February 2018 addressing why humans systematically fail to react optimally to the MHD or fail to understand it. Based on a sequential analysis of the phases in the MHD, we first review causes in each of these phases that may prohibit humans to react optimally and to fully understand the problem. Next, we address the question whether humans’ performance, in terms of choice behaviour and (probability) understanding, can be improved. Finally, we discuss individual differences related to people’s suboptimal performance. This review provides novel insights by means of its holistic approach of the MHD: At each phase, there are reasons to expect that people respond suboptimally. Given that the occurrence of only one cause is sufficient, it is not surprising that suboptimal responses are so widespread and people rarely understand the MHD.