Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reducing stress during welfare inspection: validation of a non-intrusive version of the LayWel plumage scoring system for laying hens

1. The objectives of the present study were to validate a reduced, non-intrusive version (RLS) of the LayWel plumage scoring system in domestic laying hens with reference to complete, intrusive scoring (CLS) and to investigate the effect of these two scoring methods on corticosterone metabolite concentrations. 2. A total of 312 medium-heavy laying hens from 4 commercial hybrids kept in 24 floor pens were scored by two experienced teams. Another 150 hens from two hybrids kept in 6 pens were used for estimating scoring treatment effects on corticosterone metabolites in droppings. 3. Plumage scores were in general higher using the RLS method compared to the CLS method. The agreement between teams for plumage scores (CLS) were on a high (total score) to an excellent (single body part except breast and cloaca) level. 4. Birds subjected to CLS tended to have higher concentrations of corticosterone metabolites in droppings 2 h after scoring compared with birds in the control treatment (not scored). Birds subjected to RLS had intermediate concentrations. 5. It was concluded that a reduced version of the LayWel scoring system is a valid and reliable scoring method which tends to induce less stress to the subjects than the original procedure.
On Non-Conservative Plan Modification

The problem of minimally modifying a plan in response to changes in the specification of the planning problem has already been investigated in the literature. In this paper we consider the problem of non-minimal modification of plans from a computational point of view. We prove that while the general problem is intractable (that is, replanning from scratch is equally hard), there are scenarios in which the new plan can be built more efficiently (in polynomial time).
IL-6 MODULATES SEPSIS-INDUCED DECREASES IN TRANSCRIPTION OF HEPATIC ORGANIC ANION AND BILE ACID TRANSPORTERS

Sepsis, a lethal inflammatory syndrome, is characterized by organ system dysfunction. In the liver, we have observed decreased expression of genes encoding proteins modulating key processes. These include organic anion and bile acid transport. We hypothesized that the inflammatory mediator IL-6 modulates altered expression of several key hepatic genes in sepsis via induction of the intracellular transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3. Sepsis was induced in IL-6 +/+ and IL-6 −/− mice, and expression of the liver-restricted genes encoding the sodium-taurocholate cotransporter (Ntcp), the multidrug resistant protein (MRP) 2 and the organic anion transporter protein (OATP), was determined. As demonstrated previously, cecal ligation and puncture decreases expression of Ntcp, MRP-2, and OATP in IL-6 +/+ mice. Transcription elongation analysis demonstrated that altered expression resulted from decreased transcription. These changes were not observed in IL-6 −/− animals. Cecal ligation and puncture increased the DNA binding activity of Stat-3 in IL-6 +/+ but not IL-6 −/− mice. Because the promoters of Ntcp, MRP-2, and OATP do not contain Stat-3 binding sites, we postulated that altered Ntcp, MRP-2, and OATP expression resulted from activation of hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) 1&agr;, which is IL-6 dependent. Cecal ligation and puncture decreased HNF-1&agr; expression and DNA binding activity in IL-6 +/+ but not IL-6 −/− mice. Recombinant human IL-6 restored the sepsis-induced decrease in Ntcp, MRP-2, OATP, and HNF-1&agr; expression in IL-6 −/− mice. We conclude that sepsis decreases the expression of three key hepatic genes via a transcriptional mechanism that is IL-6, Stat-3, and HNF-1&agr; dependent.
Image analysis of Feulgen-stained c-H-ras-transformed NIH/3T3 cells.

Feulgen-DNA content, nuclear phenotypes, and levels of chromatin condensation were evaluated by image analysis in NIH/3T3 cells transformed with the c-H-ras oncogene of T24 cells. Three nuclear phenotypes, differing from those of untransformed control cells and defined in terms of patterns of chromatin condensation, were demonstrated microspectrophotometrically for the tumor cells. Polyploidy could only be observed in nuclei with extensive and deeply stained areas covered with condensed chromatin, i.e., only in a small fraction of the tumor cell nuclear population. The increased chromatin condensation that appeared with cell transformation affected the euchromatin zones. The image analysis provided data that, compared with those obtained in other situations involving cell transformation, could be relevant to the understanding of changes in chromatin supraorganization related to tumorigenesis and to tumor cell diagnosis.
Pendeteksian Earnings Management dengan Variabel Akuntansi

The objective of this study is to identify the accounting variable, which is capable in differentiating between company perform the earnings manipulations and company which did not perform the earnings manipulation. The accounting variables which are examined in this study: Day’s Sales in Receivable Index (DSRI), Gross Margin Index (GMI), Assets Quality Index (AQI), Sales Growth Index (SGI), Depreciation Index (DEPI), Sales, General and Administration Index (SGAI), Leverage Index (LVGI), and Total Accrual to Total Assets (TATA). The research population is the manufacture companies, which perform IPO during the period of 1995-2000 and the listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange, whereas the test of the variable which is capable in differentiating between company per-form the earnings and company which did not perform the earnings manipulation uses the logistic regression test instrument. This research uses the Rangan model to detect the probability that the respondent company performed the earnings manipulation. The test result shows, from 32 manufacture companies performed IPO during 1995-2000, in fact 26 companies were detected committed earnings manipulation, and only 6 companies which were not being able to be detected performed earnings manipulation.The result of the study shows that from eight accounting variable examined, indeed only Day’s Sales in Receivable Index (DSRI) variable, which is capable in differentiating between company perform the earnings manipulation and company which did not perform the earnings manipulation. keyword : Earnings management and accounting variable.
Opacity, Crash Risk and Option Smirk Curves

We investigate the power of accounting-based and market-based variables to explain variation across firms in stock-price crash risk. We document strong relations among three facets of that risk: two predictors of crashes, earnings opacity and the option smirk curve, and actual crash incidence. Option smirks and accounting opacity each independently explain cross-sectional variation in both crash risk and crash magnitude. The slope of the smirk curve and opacity are themselves correlated at extremely high levels of statistical significance, indicating that the market is aware of the link between accounting opacity and crash risk. Nevertheless, even controlling for the option smirk, accounting opacity continues to be reliably associated with crash risk, suggesting that the options market does not fully utilize the predictive value of available accounting data.
Impact of the Convergence Process to International Financial Reporting Standards on the Value Relevance of Financial Information

Law 11.638/07 marked the start of a series of changes in the laws that regulate Brazilian accounting practices. The main reason for these changes is the convergence process of local with international accounting standards. As a result of Law 11.638/07, the legal precedent was established to achieve convergence. In that context, the aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the convergence process with international accounting standards on the relevance of financial information, based on data for 2007, without and with the alterations Law 11.638/07 introduced and according to the CPC Pronouncements, applicable as from 2008 onwards. Therefore, a value relevance study is used, applying regression analysis to annual stock price information (dependent variable) and net profit per share (NPPS) and net equity per share (NEPS) as independent variables. The main results show that financial information on NPPS and NEPS for 2007, with and without the legal alterations, are relevant for the capital market. A comparison between both regressions used in the analysis, however, shows an information gain for financial information that includes the changes introduced in the first phase of the accounting convergence process with the international standards.
EX-DIVIDEND DATE DAN PERUBAHAN HARGA SAHAM

The aim of this study is to analyze whether the stock prices decrease at ex-dividend date in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that is determined by amount of dividend drop-off ratio (DDR). This study also attempts to investigate the differences the stock prices decrease at ex-dividend date based on Investment Opportunity Set (IOS). Sample consist of the companies that announced the dividend during 2010-2012 periods . By using non-parametric tests, especially Chi-square Test and Mann Whitney Test , t he result of this study showed the stock prices decreased less than dividend amount on ex-dividend date. Besides, the non-growth firms experienc ed decrease more than growth firms.
Combating Superbug Without Antibiotic on a Postamputation Wound in a Patient With Diabetic Foot

Diabetic foot is a kind of limb- and life-threatening complication that is difficult to treat with conventional therapy, especially when accompanied with peripheral arterial insufficiency and severe infection. We present a diabetic patient with a postamputation wound infected by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii/haemolyticus, which was resistant to almost all antibiotics. As the clinical response to antimicrobial therapy was poor, antibiotic was discontinued. Autologous platelet-rich gel with anticoagulation, negative pressure wound therapy, and improvement of microcirculation were used successfully to eradicate infection of the superbug and achieve final wound closure.
Evolutionary Model 1 Escherichia coli serotype O 55 : H 7 diversity supports parallel acquisition of bacteriophage 1 at Shiga toxin phage insertion sites during evolution of the O 157 : H 7 lineage 2 3 4

18 a Present address: Eureka Genomics, 750 Alfred Nobel Drive, Hercules, CA, 94547 19 b Present address: Wafergen Biosystems, 7400 Paseo Padre Parkway, Fremont, CA 94555 20 c Present address: Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 21 d Present address: 12170 Calle Uvas, Gilroy, CA, 95020 22 e Present address: 3180 Melendy Drive, San Carlos, CA, 94070 23 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.00120-12 JB Accepts, published online ahead of print on 10 February 2012
The Earliest Patterns of Neuronal Differentiation and Migration in the Mammalian Central Nervous System

With the use of four independent cell markers and Brd-U birthdating we have charted the earliest stages of neuronal differentiation and migration in the developing rat central nervous system, including the cortex, spinal cord, and retina. One of the markers, the monoclonal antibody 2G12, labeled a large subpopulation of differentiating cells that uniformly lined the ventricles throughout these CNS regions at unexpectedly early ages. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated that, in cortex, the 2G12 antigen could appear in cells during mitosis. More mature looking 2G12-positive cell types initially had a primitive radial morphology and were axonless. However, in strict spatio-temporal sequences, the most mature looking 2G12-positive cells had the ability to sprout GAP-43-positive axons before or after the cell body left the ventricular surface and before or after detachment of their pial or ventricular endfoot processes. Double label experiments with 2G12 and Brd-U showed that none of these three 2G12-positive cell types incorporated Brd-U after a short pulse. The primitive neuroepithelial shape of the immature neurons was verified with a polyclonal GAP-43 antibody, a type III beta tubulin antibody, and DiI labeling from a distal portion of the axon. In the cortex and retina, the 2G12 marker persisted in cells that had reached prospective neuronal layers. However, in all CNS regions observed, 2G12 immunoreactivity disappeared from the cell body as the axon extended from the young neuron. Based on the smooth progression of changing 2G12-positive cell shapes, but also because of the transient nature of this label, we can only speculate that the 2G12 epitope may be marking a continuum of neuronal cell states throughout the earliest period of differentiation and migration. Thus, our hypothesis suggests that many of the youngest CNS neurons may have a widespread distribution and may begin their differentiation, and even remain axonless for a time, while retaining a neuroepithelial morphology. Once differentiation resumes, a major mode of transformation into mature neurons during the earliest stages of development could occur via translocation of the cell soma into the pial process. Importantly, these markers have verified at later stages, and especially in cortex, that multiple mechanisms exist for neuronal migration in the CNS depending on the region and stage of development.
An Analysis Study of Factors That Determine E-Services Usage by End Users: A Case Study

The primary focus of this study is to investigate and identify the perceptions of potential end users relating to factors which impact on e-services acceptance. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been adopted in this study as it can be extended when technologies are introduced. This research validates the developed TAM model and evaluates the variance of the outcome variable (acceptance of e-services). Five factors were adopted as determinants of acceptance of e-services: ease of use, security, trust, web skills, and language. The study was undertaken in the General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs (GDRFA) in the UAE. A quantitative survey methodology was adopted in this study, which surveyed 466 customers who use the GDRFA eservices. The overall findings revealed that security language, web skills and support significantly affected ease of use and perceived usefulness. However, trust does not affect ease of use. Further, ease of use significantly affects intention to use and perceived usefulness while in turn intention to use was influenced by perceived usefulness. This study offers an understanding of people’s adoption of e-government services with the help of established theories such as TAM and various factors that influence the e-government adoption with reference to UAE.
Increased Glycan Chain Length Distribution and Decreased Susceptibility to Moenomycin in a Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Mutant

ABSTRACT A vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus mutant, COL-VR1 (MIC, 16 μg/ml), was isolated from methicillin-resistant S. aureus COL by exposure to vancomycin. COL-VR1 also showed decreased susceptibility to teicoplanin (8-fold), methicillin (2-fold), macarbomycin (8-fold), and moenomycin (16-fold). Macarbomycin and moenomycin are thought to directly inhibit transglycosylase activity. Characterization of the mutant revealed a thickened cell wall and suppression of penicillin-induced lysis, although the amounts of the five penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 2′) and the profiles of peptidoglycan hydrolases were not altered. Analysis of muropeptide profile and glycan chain length distribution by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography revealed slightly decreased peptide cross-linking and an increased average glycan chain length compared to those of the parent. These results together suggest that a transglycosylase activity was enhanced in the mutant. This may represent a novel mechanism of glycopeptide resistance in S. aureus.
The relatively favorable prognosis of medullary carcinoma of the breast

I N the scheme for classification of mammary cancer currently employed in the laboratories of the Memorial Hospital, the term “medullary carcinoma” is used with a special implication. When the expression is used and, as is often the case, is followed by the words “with lymphoid infiltration,” the diagnosis should carry a specific connotation for the clinician familiar with this terminology. It means a type of breast cancer with better than average prognosis. Evidently the word “medullary,” when applied to mammary carcinoma, has been variously used by different writers. That much confusion, both in terminology and prognostic import, exists is evidenced by a perusal of textbooks either of pathology or of surgery. For example, in the last edition of Boyd’s Surgical Pathology,’ we learn that medullary or encephaloid cancer invades the skin, ulcerates, and may form a large fungating mass, produce rapid axillary-node involvement, and run a comparatively rapid course; that adenocarcinoma is of low malignancy¶ and may be bulky and ulcerate the skin; that acute carcinoma is medullary in type and generally develops during lactation. Christopher’s Textbook of Surgery states, “. various terms indicate various types of cancer, the significance of which may some day be manifest. I t was formerly believed that the prognosis varied according to these types, but there have been too many exceptions for this to be true. ” In the derivative sense, the meaning of the term “medullary” is, of course, clear; but in that sense, the prognostic implication contained in our own use of the expression is lacking. In the past, the term “bulky adenocarcinoma” has been
Diagnostic utility of cerebrospinal fluid studies in patients with clinically suspected tuberculous meningitis.

OBJECTIVE To compare yields of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies in the diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis (TBM). DESIGN Prospective laboratory study, Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. STUDY POPULATION Consecutive patients with 1) headache, neck stiffness and altered consciousness for more than 14 days, 2) above features plus evidence of tuberculosis elsewhere in the body, and 3) on standard antimeningitic drugs for one week without response, were included. Those with contraindications to lumbar puncture, confirmed causes of meningitis (except TB) and on anti-tuberculosis treatment were excluded. METHODS CSF cell counts, glucose and protein were assayed. CSF was stained on ZN, cultured on LJ and BACTEC and subjected to PCR and LCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA sequences. Positive tests for M. tuberculosis were classified as definite and the rest as probable TBM. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients with a mean age of 33.0 years were recruited. Mean CSF cell count was 71/microl and CSF lymphocyte count up 67%. Mean CFS protein and glucose were 2.10 g/l and 2.05 mmol/l, respectively. BACTEC was positive in 20 cases, LJ 12, LCR eight, and PCR and ZN one each. Twenty-six patients had definite and 32 probable TBM. Patients with definite TBM had significantly higher CSF protein, lower CSF glucose, higher CSF cell count and lower CSF lymphocytes. CONCLUSION TBM can be confirmed in half of clinically suspected cases. More sensitive tests for confirmation of TBM are required.
Randomized Teriparatide [human parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1-34] Once-Weekly Efficacy Research (TOWER) trial for examining the reduction in new vertebral fractures in subjects with primary osteoporosis and high fracture risk.

CONTEXT Weekly teriparatide injection at a dose of 56.5 μg has been shown to increase bone mineral density. OBJECTIVE A phase 3 study was conducted to determine the efficacy of once-weekly teriparatide injection for reducing the incidence of vertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis. DESIGN AND SETTING In this randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in Japan, the incidence of morphological vertebral fractures by radiographs was assessed. PATIENTS Subjects were 578 Japanese patients between the ages of 65 and 95 yr who had prevalent vertebral fracture. INTERVENTION Subjects were randomly assigned to receive once-weekly s.c. injections of teriparatide (56.5 μg) or placebo for 72 wk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary endpoint was the incidence of new vertebral fracture. RESULTS Once-weekly injections of teriparatide reduced the risk of new vertebral fracture with a cumulative incidence of 3.1% in the teriparatide group, compared with 14.5% in the placebo group (P < 0.01), and a relative risk of 0.20 (95% confidence interval, 0.09 to 0.45). At 72 wk, teriparatide administration increased bone mineral density by 6.4, 3.0, and 2.3% at the lumbar spine, the total hip, and the femoral neck, respectively, compared with the placebo (P < 0.01). Adverse events (AE) and the dropout rates by AE were more frequently experienced in the teriparatide group, but AE were generally mild and tolerable. CONCLUSION Weekly s.c. administration of teriparatide at a dose of 56.5 μg may provide another option of anabolic treatments in patients with osteoporosis at higher fracture risk.
Siderophore production by Alcaligenes faecalis and its application for growth promotion in Arachis hypogaea

A rhizobacterium isolated from groundnut rhizosphere and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis BCCM 2374 produced siderophore during 24 h submerged growth in modified succinic acid medium (SM) prepared in tap water without deferration. For the optimized production of siderophore in the presence of starch and sucrose, the optimum parameters found were as follows: slight acidic pH (5.5), 35C temperature and 1% inoculum. While alkaline pH (8.5), 37C temperature, 5% inoculum in the presence of fructose, xylose and glucose gave optimum growth, succinic and citric acids, NH4SO4, NH4NO3 and NH4Cl supported growth as well as siderophoregenesis. Amino acids also showed varying effects on growth and siderophore production. Inoculation of A. faecalis enhanced seed germination (8.75%), root length (9.35%), shoot length (16%) and chlorophyll content (8.0%) in Arachis hypogaea over control treatment under pot culture conditions.