Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Femoral Tunnel Location and Angle on the Contact Pressure in the Femoral Tunnel in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background The causes of bone tunnel enlargement after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction have not been thoroughly investigated. Hypothesis A malpositioned femoral tunnel and an acute femoral tunnel angle may increase the mechanical stress in the femoral tunnel. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Three femoral tunnels (normal, anterior, and acute) and the tibial tunnel were made in four fresh-frozen cadaveric knees. Aluminum cylinders containing pressure-sensitive conductive rubber sensors at the joint entrance were inserted into the femoral tunnels. Dynamic changes in the contact pressure of the graft in the femoral tunnel were measured. Results Peak contact pressures and dynamic changes in contact pressure for the normal and anterior femoral tunnels demonstrated no differences. Maximum contact pressure of the graft was observed at the anterior portion with the knee in full extension and at the posterior portion with deep knee flexion. Consistent contact pressure occurred at the anterior aspect of the acute femoral tunnel throughout the range of motion. Mean contact pressure at the anterior region of the acute femoral tunnel was significantly higher than that of the normal femoral tunnel at 60°, 90°, and 120° of knee flexion. Conclusions The consistent contact pressure in the anterior aspect of the acute femoral tunnel may erode the anterior portion of the femoral tunnel, resulting in bone tunnel enlargement. Clinical Relevance The femoral tunnel direction in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is an important factor in reducing femoral tunnel enlargement.
HYDRA: possible determinants of unsatisfactory hypertension control in German primary care patients

The Hypertension and Diabetes Screening and Awareness (HYDRA) study is a cross‐sectional point‐prevalence study performed in September 2001; 45 125 primary care attendees were recruited from a representative nationwide sample of 1912 primary care practices in Germany. Around 42% of all patients presenting in these practices had hypertension (WHO definition). In approximately 70% of these patients, hypertension was diagnosed by doctors and 84% of diagnosed patients were on antihypertensive medication, but in less than 30% of treated patients was blood pressure controlled (<140/90 mmHg). The control rate in all patients presenting with hypertension (including those patients unrecognized) was as low as 19%. The present analysis aimed to find explanations for this unsatisfactory outcome of hypertension control. The main finding was that the rate of diagnosis of hypertension is alarmingly low in young people, probably due to insufficient blood pressure screenings. The data further indicated that doctors still set their target of treatment according to outdated guidelines and that doctors still orientate their treatment primarily with regard to the diastolic pressure. These insights into the causes of unsatisfactory hypertension control may help to direct future educational programmes designed to improve hypertension management specifically to these deficits and thereby to improve control rates.
Glutathione peroxidase–deficient mice are more susceptible to neutrophil‐mediated hepatic parenchymal cell injury during endotoxemia: importance of an intracellular oxidant stress

Neutrophils contribute to hepatocellular injury in a number of acuteinflammatory reactions. However, the molecular mechanism of parenchymal cell injury remains controversial. To address the issue of whether or not reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in the injury process, we used the galactosamine/endotoxin (Gal/ET) model of acute liver failure, which involves a neutrophil‐mediated parenchymal cell injury. In C3Heb/FeJ mice, Gal/ET induced a significant increase of hepatic and plasma levels of glutathione disulfide (GSSG), an indicator of oxidant stress, selectively during the neutrophil‐mediated injury phase. In glutathione peroxidase–deficient mice (Gpx1−/−), Gal/ET or Gal/tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) caused more severe neutrophil‐mediated liver injury compared with wild‐type animals. However, there was no significant difference in other critical parameters, e.g., activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1), parenchymal cell apoptosis, and neutrophil sequestration in the liver. Our results suggest that neutrophil‐derived ROS are responsible for an intracellular oxidant stress in hepatocytes after Gal/ET treatment. Because of the higher susceptibility of Gpx1−/− mice to a neutrophil‐mediated injury, we conclude that peroxides generated by neutrophils diffused into hepatocytes and contributed to parenchymal cell death in vivo. Thus, strengthening defense mechanisms against ROS in target cells can attenuate excessive inflammatory injury without affecting host defense reactions
Characterization of a CSF‐induced proliferating subpopulation of human peripheral blood monocytes by surface marker expression and cytokine production

The phenotype of a subpopulation(s) of human monocytes which has been shown to proliferate in vitro in response to macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF or CSF‐1) and granulocyte‐macrophage CSF (GM‐CSF) is as yet unknown. To identify this proliferating subpopulation(s) we demonstrated first that DNA synthesis was occurring under culture conditions suitable for flow cytometric evaluation. Flow cytometric analysis of surface antigen expression identified that after 5 days of culture the proliferating subpopulation of monocytes expressed CD14, CD13, CD33, CD11b, CD11c, CD87, HLA‐DR, CD45RO, and did not express CD86, CD34, CD80, CD4, CD16, and CD56. In addition, these proliferating monocytes (representing approximately 5% of total monocytes) were shown to produce the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor α in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Further characterization and subsequent isolation of this subpopulation of monocytes may provide new and important information necessary to understand inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, where local proliferation at the site of inflammation may be a key factor contributing to the chronicity of the disease. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 953–960; 1999.
Glomerular Cell Replication and Cell Loss through Apoptosis in Experimental Diabetes mellitus

Aim: To evaluate changes in the glomerular cell balance between replication and apoptosis in experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) in relation to morphometric data. Methods: Adult Sprague-Dowley rats with streptozotocin-induced DM and controls of the same age and strain were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks and 6 months after disease onset. Cell replication was demonstrated with MIB-5, and apoptosis with the terminal uridine nick end labeling technique. Glomerular size and glomerular cell population were estimated morphologically. Results: Diabetic and control rats showed irrelevant MIB-5 positivity at all time points. Glomerular apoptosis was minimal in rats with 4 and 8 weeks of DM and in controls. Rats with 6 months of DM showed significantly higher glomerular apoptosis values than controls (2.49 ± 0.25 vs. 0.65 ± 0.16%; p < 0.001). The mean cell count per glomerular profile was significantly lower in these diabetic rats (64.02 ± 1.93 vs. 78.27 ± 0.99; p < 0.001), a change that correlated with that in apoptosis. The glomerular cell density was further decreased in diabetic rats because of the diabetic increase in mean glomerular volume (1.598 vs. 0.927 106 µm). Conclusions: Apoptosis is associated with loss of glomerular cells in rats with long-term, streptozotocin-induced DM and – to a considerably lower degree – in controls of the same age and strain. These changes could be relevant to glomerulosclerosis associated with long-term, streptozotocin-induced DM.
Lifestyle high‐risk behaviors and demographics may predict the level of participation in sun‐protection behaviors and skin cancer primary prevention in the united states

Sun and ultraviolet radiation exposure are major risk factors for skin cancer, and sun‐protective behaviors and skin cancer examinations are means of primary prevention of skin cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent to which demographics and other high‐risk behaviors may predict the reported level of participation in sun‐protection behaviors and skin cancer primary prevention in the United States adult population.
RGB-D Object Recognition and Grasp Detection Using Hierarchical Cascaded Forests

This paper presents an efficient framework to perform recognition and grasp detection of objects from RGB-D images of real scenes. The framework uses a novel architecture of hierarchical cascaded forests, in which object-class and grasp-pose probabilities are computed at different levels of an image hierarchy (e.g., patch and object levels) and fused to infer the class and the grasp of unseen objects. We introduce a novel training objective function that minimizes the uncertainties of the class labels and the grasp ground truths at the leaves of the forests, thereby enabling the framework to perform the recognition and grasp detection of objects. Our objective function is learned from features that are extracted from RGB-D point clouds of the objects. For that, we propose a novel method to encode an RGB-D point cloud into a representation that facilitates the use of large convolution neural networks to extract discriminative features from RGB-D images. We evaluate our framework on challenging object datasets, where we demonstrate that our framework outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of object-recognition and grasp-detection accuracies. We also show experiments by using live video streams from a Kinect mounted on our in-house robotic platform.
Béton à base de recyclats : influence du type de recyclats et rôle de la formulation

L‟elimination de certains dechets est un enjeu important en Cote d‟Ivoire. Une des solutions proposee est d‟envisager l‟utilisation de ces dechets comme granulats dans les betons. Les travaux presentes dans ce document portent sur l‟incorporation de quatre differents dechets.La premiere etude porte sur un beton confectionne avec trois types de dechets : du verre concasse, du ciment durci concasse et des pneus decoupes. Elle a ete realisee en deux phases. Dans la premiere ces dechets ont ete incorpores a du beton pour remplacer 100% des graviers (substitution totale). Dans la seconde une substitution (massique) partielle de gravier a ete realisee dans les proportions suivantes 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 et 30 %, la matrice mortier et le rapport eau-ciment restant identiques. Apres une maturation de 28 jours leurs resistances en compression ont ete determinees. Ces resultats montrent que les betons de recyclât ont une resistance inferieure a celui des betons de concasse de gravier. Toutefois, la resistance mecanique baisse avec l‟augmentation de la substitution. Une loi donnant la resistance en fonction du taux de recyclât a ete etablie. De plus, la specificite des granulats de caoutchouc (resistance a la fissuration) est remarquee.Par ailleurs, les resistances des betons de recyclât ont permis d‟etablir une loi donnant la resistance en fonction des caracteristiques des agregats et de leur fraction volumique. Une modelisation analytique a ete proposee pour predire la resistance des betons en fonction de la taille et du volume des granulats recycles.Les granulats issus du concassage des betons frais (retour de toupie) utilises comme substituant des granulats naturels a ete menee pour evaluer leur potentiel. Un plan d‟experiences statistique a deux variables (% de recyclât dans le sable et % de recyclât dans le gravier) a ete utilise pour reduire le nombre de mesures. Les proportions de remplacement utilisees sont : 0%, 50% et 100%. Les proprietes mecaniques ont ete determinees par differentes methodes destructives (resistance a la compression et a la traction) et non destructives (ondes ultrasonores pour evaluer l‟elasticite du materiau). De meme, les proprietes physiques telles que la porosite accessible a l‟eau, la masse volumique ont ete mesurees. Ces resultats montrent une bonne correlation entre le pourcentage de remplacement et les proprietes physiques et mecaniques de ce beton
Survival patterns among younger women with breast cancer: the effects of age, race, stage, and treatment.

Several hundred studies of breast cancer survival are published each year; yet few of them include women under the age of 50, and almost none of them specifically examine prognosis among women in their 20s through 40s. The few published reports that analyze survival after breast cancer among these young patients do not provide a consistent or definitive description of their survival experience. The National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program offers a unique opportunity to analyze breast cancer survival in depth among younger women. In this report, survival patterns of all black and white women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1983 and 1989, aged 20 and older, microscopically confirmed, and undergoing surgery, in the SEER program have been analyzed. There are 77,368 women included in this study, 92.8% of whom were white. Less than 1% (562 patients) of these breast cancer patients were between the ages of 20 and 29, 6.5% (5062 patients) were 30-39, and 15.2% (11,789 patients) were 40-49. Survival was calculated utilizing a mixture model to evaluate the cause-specific hazards of dying of breast cancer versus dying of other causes of death. We investigated the hazard of dying of breast cancer versus other causes of death by age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, extent of disease and diagnosis, and treatment. Stage was stratified into three categories: 1) cases with no axillary lymph node involvement, 2) cases with axillary lymph node involvement, and 3) cases with distant metastases. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evaluation of the OECD (Q)SAR Application Toolbox and Toxtree for predicting and profiling the carcinogenic potential of chemicals

The OECD (Q)SAR Application Toolbox and Toxtree are software tools used in regulatory toxicology to fill gaps in (eco)toxicity data. They include different SAR and QSAR models for estimating (eco)toxicological endpoints. Among them, the Benigni/Bossa rule-based system is proposed to characterize the carcinogenic potential of chemicals. Our study evaluates the predictive performance that can be expected from the OECD (Q)SAR Toolbox and Toxtree when analysing chemicals by means of the structural alerts coded within the Benigni/Bossa rule-based system for carcinogenicity and the associated QSAR model (QSAR8). These evaluations have been carried out thanks to a large collection of chemicals retrieved from original publications and public databases. Overall, our findings confirm the performance of the system of structural alerts while suggesting that the sensitivity of QSAR8, as implemented in the two tools, is lower than what was previously reported. They also indicate that attention has to be paid when interpreting the output of the two tools because of possible malfunctions involving the coding of two-dimensional structures. A set of possible modulating factors for the structural alert identifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is also proposed together with candidates for putative new structural alerts not included in the tested tools.
Expression of the IgLON cell adhesion molecules kilon and OBCAM in hypothalamic magnocellular neurons

The vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) magnocellular neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) display reversible structural plasticity of neurons and glial cells under different conditions of neuropeptide secretion. In the present study, we investigated the expression of two immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) proteins, Kilon and OBCAM, in the magnocellular neurons by using monoclonal antibodies. Anti‐Kilon antibody reacted specifically with the bacterially expressed recombinant Kilon but not with the recombinant OBCAM, and similarly anti‐OBCAM antibody specifically recognized the recombinant OBCAM. Western blotting analysis revealed the specific expression of Kilon and OBCAM in the SON homogenates. Although Kilon and OBCAM of the SON homogenates were present as the insoluble form, most Kilon was present in the Triton‐insoluble fraction, and OBCAM was localized mainly in the Triton‐soluble fraction. Immunocytochemistry revealed Kilon and OBCAM immunoreactivity in the magnocellular neurons of the SON and PVN of the rat hypothalamus compared with outside of the SON and PVN in the hypothalamus. The double‐labeling study with confocal microscopy further demonstrated that Kilon immunoreactivity was observed mainly in the dendrites of AVP‐secreting neurons and also occasionally OXT‐secreting neurons. However, OBCAM immunoreactivity was exclusively seen in the dendrites of AVP‐secreting magnocellular neurons. Chronic physiological stimulation by 2% NaCl had no effect on the expression levels of either IgLON protein in the SON. Our study thus demonstrated specific expression of Kilon and OBCAM in the hypothalamic magnocellular neurons, particularly in dendrites, suggesting that they confer on magnocellular neurons the ability to rearrange dendritic connectivity. J. Comp. Neurol. 424:74–85, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis and matrix loss of chondrocytes is inhibited by eicosapentaenoic acid

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an antioxidant and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines. We evaluated the role of EPA in chondrocyte apoptosis and degeneration. Normal human chondrocytes were treated with EPA and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and that of apoptosis‐related proteins was detected by western blotting. Chondrocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. C57BL/6J mice were used for the detection of MMP expression by immunohistochemistry and for investigation of chondrocyte apoptosis. EPA inhibited SNP‐induced chondrocyte apoptosis, caspase 3 and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and p53, and expression of MMP3 and MMP13. Intra‐articular injection of EPA prevented the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibiting MMP13 expression and chondrocyte apoptosis. EPA treatment can control oxidative stress‐induced OA progression, and thus may be a new approach for OA therapy. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:? –? , 2015.
Mesenchymal stem cells of human placenta and umbilical cord suppress T‐cell proliferation at G0 phase of cell cycle

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) generated from human umbilical cord (UC‐MSC) and placenta (PLC‐MSC) were assessed and compared for their immunomodulatory function on T cells proliferation by analysis of the cell cycle. Mitogen stimulated or resting T cells were co‐cultured in the presence or absence of MSC. T‐cell proliferation was assessed by tritiated thymidine (3H‐TdR) assay and the mechanism of inhibition was examined bycell cycle and apoptosis assay. Both UC‐MSC and PLC‐MSC profoundly inhibited the proliferation of T‐cell, mainly via cell‐to‐cell contact. MSC‐mediated anti‐proliferation does not lead to apoptosis,but prevented T cells from entering S phase and they therefore accumulated in the G0/G1 phases. The anti‐proliferative activity of MSC was related to this cell cycle arrest of T‐cell. UC‐MSC produced a greater inhibition than PLC‐MSC in all measured parameters.
Scalability of sub-100 nm thin-channel InAs PHEMTs

We have experimentally investigated the role of thinning down the channel thickness and using high InAs composition as a channel material, which aims to improve the electrostatic integrity of the device as well as high frequency characteristics of the device. To do so, we have fabricated InAs PHEMTs with t<inf>ch</inf> = 10 nm, together with reference In<inf>0.7</inf>Ga<inf>0.3</inf>As PHEMTs with t<inf>ch</inf> = 13 nm. In comparison with reference In<inf>0.7</inf>Ga<inf>0.3</inf>As ones, InAs PHEMTs with t<inf>ch</inf> = 10 nm exhibit excellent electrostatic integrity of the device down to L<inf>g</inf> = 30 nm regime, such as subthreshold swing (S=75 mV/dec), DIBL = 84 mV/V and g<inf>m_max</inf> = 1.9 mS/mm at V<inf>DS</inf> = 0.5 V. Besides, InAs PHEMTs with L<inf>g</inf> = 30 nm show outstanding f<inf>T</inf> = 600 GHz and f<inf>max</inf> = 490 GHz at V<inf>DS</inf> = 0.5 V. More importantly, InAs PHEMTs exhibit a far better scaling behaviors, down to L<inf>g</inf> = 30 nm regimes. Indeed, InAs is a promising choice of the channel material for future THz and logic applications.
Patulibacter brassicae sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris).

A novel actinobacterial strain, designated SDT, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Chinese cabbage in Shandong province, China. The cells were aerobic, Gram-staining-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, short rods and formed white colonies on trypticase soy agar. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and alanine, glutamic acid and leucine. Diphosphatidylglycerol was the predominant polar lipid. The predominant cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1ω9c; minor components were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The only isoprenoid quinone was demethylmenaquinone 7 (DMK-7), and the DNA G+C content was 72.7 mol%. Based on the full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the closest phylogenetic neighbours of strain SDT were Patulibacter medicamentivorans DSM 25962T (96.9 %), Patulibacter minatonensis DSM 18081T (96.7 %), Patulibacter americanus DSM 16676T (96.2 %) and Patulibacter ginsengiterrae DSM 25990T (95.9 %). Considering combined phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strain SDT represents a novel species of the genus Patulibacter, for which the name Patulibacter brassicae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SDT (=CICC 24108T=KCTC 39817T).