Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atlas of Gynecologic Surgical Pathology

Preface 1. Nonneoplastic Lesions and Benign Tumors of the Vulva 2. Malignant Tumors of the Vulva 3. The Vagina 4. Tumor-Like Lesions and Benign Epithelial Tumors of the Uterine Cervix 5. Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix and its Precursors 6. Adenocarcinomas of the Cervix, Related Tumors, and their Precursors 7. Nonneoplastic Lesions of the Uterine Corpus 8. Endometrial Hyperplasia and Carcinoma 9. Mesenchymal and Mixed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Tumors of the Uterine Corpus and Cervix 10. Trophoblastic Lesions, Miscellaneous Primary Uterine Neoplasms, Hematopoietic Neoplasms, and Metastatic Neoplasms to the Uterus 11. The Fallopian Tube and Broad Ligament 12. Tumor-Like Lesions of the Ovary 13. Surface Epithelial-Stromal Tumors: General Features, Serous Tumors, and Mucinous Tumors 14. Surface Epithelial-Stromal Tumors: Endometrioid, Clear Cell, Transitional, Squanous, Undifferentiated, Rare, and Mixed Cell Types 15. Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary 16. Sex Cord-Stromal and Steroid Cell Tumors 17. Miscellaneous Primary Ovarian Tumors 18. Metastatic Tumors of the Ovary (including Pseudomyxoma Peritonei, Hematolymphoid Neoplasm, and Tumors with Functioning Stroma) 19. Pathology of Endometriosis and Lesions of the Secondary Mullerian System 20. Tumor-Like Lesions and Tumors of the Peritoneum (excluding Mullerian Lesions) Index
Improvement of renal dysfunction in a patient with hepatitis C virus‐related liver cirrhosis by daclatasvir and asunaprevir combination therapy: A case report

Recently, treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been drastically improved by the development of direct‐acting antiviral agents. In September 2014, dual oral therapy using daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) was approved for the treatment of chronic HCV infection in Japan. We treated a patient with HCV‐related liver cirrhosis with severe leg edema due to chronic renal dysfunction using this dual oral therapy. Although serum alanine aminotransferase increased rapidly during the first week of treatment, the antiviral therapy was able to continue, and liver function recovered spontaneously. After 1 month of treatment, serum HCV RNA became continuously undetectable, and serum albumin level gradually increased. Throughout the therapy, serum creatinine level nearly normalized, and leg edema gradually improved. These improvements continued after the combination therapy was completed. HCV RNA remained undetectable following the end of therapy, and sustained virological response at 12 weeks was achieved. It has been reported that chronic HCV infection is associated with renal dysfunction and that HCV eradication can improve it. DCV and ASV combination therapy is safe for patients who have renal dysfunction and may be a suitable therapy for chronic hepatitis C patients with renal dysfunction.
Topical negative pressure for treating chronic wounds.

BACKGROUND Chronic wounds mainly affect the elderly and those with multiple health problems. Despite the use of modern dressings, some of these wounds take a long time to heal, fail to heal, or recur, causing significant pain and discomfort to the person and cost to health services. Topical negative pressure (TNP) is used to promote healing of surgical wounds by using suction to drain excess fluid from wounds. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of TNP on chronic wound healing. SEARCH STRATEGY For this second update of this review we searched the Cochrane Wounds Group Specialised Register (December 2007), The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) - The Cochrane Library Issue 4, 2007, Ovid MEDLINE - 1950 to November Week 2 2007, Ovid EMBASE - 1982 to 2007 Week 50 and Ovid CINAHL - 1980 to December Week 1 2007. In addition, we contacted authors, companies, manufacturers, and distributors to identify relevant trials and information. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised controlled trials which evaluated the effects of TNP on people with chronic wounds. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Selection of the trials, quality assessment, data abstraction, and data synthesis were done by two authors independently. Disagreements were solved by discussion. MAIN RESULTS Two trials were included in the original review. A further five trials were included in this second update resulting in a total of seven trials involving 205 participants. The seven trials compared TNP with five different comparator treatments. Four trials compared TNP with gauze soaked in either 0.9% saline or Ringer's solution. The other three trials compared TNP with hydrocolloid gel plus gauze, a treatment package comprising papain-urea topical treatment, and cadexomer iodine or hydrocolloid, hydrogels, alginate and foam. These data do not show that TNP significantly increases the healing rate of chronic wounds compared with comparators. Data on secondary outcomes such as infection rate, quality of life, oedema, hospitalisation and bacterial load were not reported. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Trials comparing TNP with alternative treatments for chronic wounds have methodological flaws and data do demonstrate a beneficial effect of TNP on wound healing however more, better quality research is needed.
Short‐term and long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic hepatectomy, microwave ablation, and open hepatectomy for small hepatocellular carcinoma: a 5‐year experience in a single center

Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH), microwave ablation (MWA), and open hepatectomy (OH) are three widely used methods to treat small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few studies have compared the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of these three treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate their effectiveness.
Reproductive Status of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Females Influences Attraction to Fermentation-Based Baits and Ripe Fruits

Abstract Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an invasive species that is a devastating pest of soft-skinned fruit crops. Although much effort has been directed toward developing traps and attractants to monitor for D. suzukii, current monitoring tools do not reliably predict fruit infestation. The objective of this study was to determine if D. suzukii females at different developmental stages are differentially attracted to monitoring traps with fermentation-based baits and ripe fruits. Females were collected on the surface of traps, within traps, and on ripe fruits during three experiments at field locations in North Carolina, USA, and were dissected to determine their reproductive status. In general, females collected on ripe fruits were more likely to have mature eggs present in their ovaries and had higher numbers of mature eggs than females collected on the surface of or within monitoring traps. The results of this study have implications for D. suzukii monitoring and the development of effective baits for use in integrated pest management programs.
Combined treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (sitagliptin) and angiotensin‐II type 1 receptor blocker (losartan) suppresses progression in a non‐diabetic rat model of steatohepatitis

Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP4) inhibitors (DPP4‐I) are oral glucose‐lowering drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previously, we reported that DPP4‐I (sitagliptin) exerted suppressive effects on experimental liver fibrosis in rats. Blockade of the renin–angiotensin system by angiotensin‐II type 1 receptor blocker (losartan), commonly used in the management of hypertension, has been shown to significantly alleviate hepatic fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the effects and possible mechanisms of a sitagliptin + losartan combination on the progression of non‐diabetic non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a rat model.
Comparative Toxicities of Newer and Conventional Insecticides: Against Four Generalist Predator Species

Abstract Generalist insect predators play an essential role in regulating the populations of Bemisia tabaci and other pests in agricultural systems, but may be affected negatively by insecticides applied for pest management. Evaluation of insecticide compatibility with specific predator species can provide a basis for making treatment decisions with the aim of conserving natural enemies. Eleven insecticides representing six modes of action groups were evaluated for toxicity against four predator species and at different developmental stages. Full-concentration series bioassays were conducted on laboratory-reared or insectary-supplied predators using Petri dish and systemic uptake bioassay techniques. Highest toxicities were observed with imidacloprid and clothianidin against first and second instar nymphs of Geocoris punctipes (Say) (Hemiptera: Geocoridae). Later instar nymphs were less susceptible to neonicotinoid treatments based on higher LC50s observed with imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and dinotefuran against third or fourth instar nymphs.The pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin was highly toxic against adults of G. punctipes and Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Standard concentration/mortality evaluation of nonacute toxicity insecticides, including buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, spirotetramat, and spiromesifen, was inconclusive in terms of generating probit statistics. However, low mortality levels of insects exposed for up to 120 h suggested minimal lethality with the exception of pyriproxyfen that was mildly toxic to Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).
Liver transplantation for metastatic liver tumors

Liver transplantation for metastatic neuroendocrine tumor in the liver used to be the main reason for liver transplantation for metastatic liver tumor. It is reported that liver transplantation in selected patients with non‐resectable metastatic neuroendocrine tumor in the liver had favorable outcomes equivalent to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, liver transplantation for colorectal liver metastasis has attracted attention. According to the SECA study in Oslo, liver transplantation for non‐resectable colorectal liver metastasis had a high rate of recurrence but a favorable prognosis. Further discussion on patient selection, attempts at immunosuppressive therapy, and combination with chemotherapy and treatment at the time of relapse are required in order to improve the outcomes of liver transplantation for metastatic liver tumor.
A Study to evaluate Clinico-pathology and management of diabetic foot

Objective: The aim of the study bacteriology in diabetic wound, the pathophysiology of diabetic wound, various wound salvage procedures and outcome of different treatment modalities and newer techniques wherever applicable to prevent complications and to minimise the progression of occurred complication. Methods: The 100 patients admitted with diabetic foot in the department of Surgery, SBKS MIRC, Pipariya Vadodara (Gujrat) prospectively studied from July 2014 to Jan 2015. Patients with diabetes mellitus presenting with wound i.e. ulcer, blister, abscess, gangrene were included in our study. Patients with chronic wound due to cause other than diabetes such as traumatic, arterial, venous, trophic, TB, Syphilitic, malignant ulcer were excluded from study. Results: Highest number of cases was found in 51 – 60 years of age (34%) followed by 61 – 70 years of age (26%). 78 (78%) cases were male and 22 (22%) cases were female. Most of case had history of trauma 62%. As per Wegner’s classification of the diabetic foot 44 cases presented with grade 2 lesion, 32 cases grade 4 lesion, 18 cases grade 3 lesion, 4 cases grade 1 lesion, 2 cases, grade 5 lesion. Most of lesion (50%) are found in lower limb in which 40 cases presented with ulcer, 28 cases with gangrene of toe or limb, 16 cases with cellulitis, 4 cases with abscess and 12 cases with osteomyelitis. Most common isolated organism was s. aureus (36) followed by pseudomonas (20). The average hospitalisation in graded 2,3,4,5 lesion around 32 days . About 10% case required amputation while 56% cases managed only by daily dressing & slough excision. Among the complicated diabetic foot 12 patients developed osteomyelitis. All these patients had lesion of grade 3 and out of these 12 patients, 2 patients required AKA, 8 patients BKA, 5 patients had disarticulation from metatarsophalangeal joint. Conclusion : Diabetes affects all age groups, mainly manifest in middle part of life. Males are more affected than females. Neuropathy, ischemia along with immunological disturbance is important predisposing factor in pathophysiology. However both aerobic & anaerobic pathogens involve in diabetic wound infection but among them aerobic (mostly s. aureus ) is more common. Commonest presenting lesions in foot were ulcer, followed by cellulitis and gangrene. In the management of DFU the first requirement is strict control of diabetes, & early detection and treatment of lesions and regular foot care is also important.
And the sky is grey: The ambivalent outcomes of the California Master Plan for Higher Education

In the 1960 Master Plan for Higher Education, California in the United States famously combined the principles of excellence and access within a steep three-tiered system of Higher Education. It fashioned the world's strongest system of public research universities, while creating an open access system that brought college to millions of American families for the first time. Since 1960, the Master Plan has been admired and influential across the world. Yet the political and fiscal conditions supporting the Master Plan have now evaporated. California turns away hundreds of thousands of prospective students each year, and the University of California, facing spiralling deficits, finds it more difficult to maintain operating costs and compete with top private universities for leading researchers. The paper discusses the rise and partial fall of the Californian system as embodied in the Master Plan, and identifies general lessons for Higher Education systems.
Methadone maintenance therapy versus no opioid replacement therapy for opioid dependence.

BACKGROUND Methadone maintenance was the first widely used opioid replacement therapy to treat heroin dependence, and it remains the best-researched treatment for this problem. Despite the widespread use of methadone in maintenance treatment for opioid dependence in many countries, it is a controversial treatment whose effectiveness has been disputed. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) compared with treatments that did not involve opioid replacement therapy (i.e., detoxification, offer of drug-free rehabilitation, placebo medication, wait-list controls) for opioid dependence. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the following databases up to Dec 2008: the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, PubMED, CINAHL, Current Contents, Psychlit, CORK [www. state.vt. su/adap/cork], Alcohol and Drug Council of Australia (ADCA) [www.adca. org.au], Australian Drug Foundation (ADF-VIC) [www.adf. org.au], Centre for Education and Information on Drugs and Alcohol (CEIDA) [www.ceida. net.au], Australian Bibliographic Network (ABN), and Library of Congress databases, available NIDA monographs and the College on Problems of Drug Dependence Inc. proceedings, the reference lists of all identified studies and published reviews; authors of identified RCTs were asked about other published or unpublished relevant RCTs. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised controlled clinical trials of methadone maintenance therapy compared with either placebo maintenance or other non-pharmacological therapy for the treatment of opioid dependence. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Reviewers evaluated the papers separately and independently, rating methodological quality of sequence generation, concealment of allocation and bias. Data were extracted independently for meta-analysis and double-entered. MAIN RESULTS Eleven studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review, all were randomised clinical trials, two were double-blind. There were a total number of 1969 participants. The sequence generation was inadequate in one study, adequate in five studies and unclear in the remaining studies. The allocation of concealment was adequate in three studies and unclear in the remaining studies. Methadone appeared statistically significantly more effective than non-pharmacological approaches in retaining patients in treatment and in the suppression of heroin use as measured by self report and urine/hair analysis (6 RCTs, RR = 0.66 95% CI 0.56-0.78), but not statistically different in criminal activity (3 RCTs, RR=0.39; 95%CI: 0.12-1.25) or mortality (4 RCTs, RR=0.48; 95%CI: 0.10-2.39). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Methadone is an effective maintenance therapy intervention for the treatment of heroin dependence as it retains patients in treatment and decreases heroin use better than treatments that do not utilise opioid replacement therapy. It does not show a statistically significant superior effect on criminal activity or mortality.
Towards Development of a Field-Deployable Imaging Device for TBI

Abstract : Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) produce head injuries in nearly a majority of surviving soldiers. Most brain-injured soldiers do not, however, receive the necessary, rapid brain imaging studies as would their civilian counterparts. Instead they are flown to rear-echelon medical service centers such as in Germany for those studies, as well as additional medical care. There exists, therefore, a critical need for robust brain imaging systems at and near the battlefield. This gap in patient care reduces the quality of care and potentially, therefore the quality of life of injured soldiers. This gap also defines a critical need for rugged, field deployable systems capable of imaging injured brain. For a variety of reasons it is reasonable to expect that changes in the stiffness of brain accompany TBI, and that ultrasound-based sonoelastic imaging modalities responsive to some measure of stiffness might offer a useful means for imaging the changes to brain due to TBI. Use of such systems in and near the field should improve clinical outcome for patients suffering from TBI. Our long-term goal is to develop a field deployable brain imaging system, capable of transcranial application, responsive to brain stiffness.
The chiasmus of design: Paradoxical outcomes in the e-government reform of UK children's services

Surprisingly, in addition to inexperienced computer users, also those who have used different software applications at least to moderate extent can have feelings of anxiety with their use of computers. This paper examines the role of training in decreasing anxiety among experienced computer users. More specifically, the role of training is studied in relation to computer anxiety, behavioral beliefs and selfefficacy, which are the key mental constructs training may impact. 96 adult and university students, who attended a CDL course on voluntary basis, participated in this longitudinal study. The results suggest that training is an effective tool to decrease anxiety and promote self-efficacy even among experienced users. In addition this study calls in the question of the relation of computer anxiety and ease of use.
Single dose oral oxycodone and oxycodone plus paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute postoperative pain in adults.

BACKGROUND Oxycodone is a strong opioid agonist used to treat severe pain. It is commonly combined with milder analgesics such as paracetamol. This review updates a previous review that concluded, based on limited data, that all doses of oxycodone exceeding 5 mg, with or without paracetamol, provided analgesia in postoperative pain, but with increased incidence of adverse events compared with placebo. Additional new studies provide more reliable estimates of efficacy and harm. OBJECTIVES To assess efficacy, duration of action, and associated adverse events of single dose oral oxycodone, with or without paracetamol, in acute postoperative pain in adults. SEARCH STRATEGY Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Oxford Pain Relief Database, searched in May 2009. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trials of single dose orally administered oxycodone, with or without paracetamol, in adults with moderate to severe acute postoperative pain. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Pain relief or pain intensity data were extracted and converted into the dichotomous outcome of number of participants with at least 50% pain relief over 4 to 6 hours, from which relative risk and number-needed-to-treat-to-benefit (NNT) were calculated. Numbers of participants remedicating over specified time periods, and time-to-use of rescue medication, were sought as additional measures of efficacy. Adverse events and withdrawals information was collected. MAIN RESULTS This updated review includes 20 studies, with 2641 participants. For oxycodone 15 mg alone compared with placebo, the NNT for at least 50% pain relief was 4.6 (95% Confidence Interval 2.9 to 11). For oxycodone 10 mg plus paracetamol 650 mg, the NNT was 2.7 (2.4 to 3.1). A dose response was demonstrated for this outcome with combination therapy. Duration of effect was 10 hours with oxycodone 10 mg plus paracetamol 650 mg, and 4 hours with half that dose. Fewer participants needed rescue medication over 6 hours at the higher dose. Adverse events occurred more frequently with combination therapy than placebo, but were generally described as mild to moderate in severity and rarely led to withdrawal. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Single dose oxycodone is an effective analgesic in acute postoperative pain at doses over 5 mg; oxycodone is two to three times stronger than codeine. Efficacy increases when combined with paracetamol. Oxycodone 10 mg plus paracetamol 650 mg provides good analgesia to half of those treated, comparable to commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, with the benefit of longer duration of action.
Foundations of Biochemical Psychiatry

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Genetic Effects of Trabecular Titanium on MG-63 Cell Line: A Genetic Profiling Evaluation

Pure titanium and titanium alloys are materials widely used in orthopaedics because of their mechanical properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. Recently, a new highly porous titanium biomaterial named Trabecular Titanium (TT) has been developed. In this in vitro study, we tested the genetic effects of TT on osteoblast-like cells (MG63) using DNA microarrays technology: cDNA microarrays provides the ability to comparatively analyze mRNA expression of thousands of genes in parallel thus showing activated and repressed genes by the presence of the TT. Several genes that were significantly up- or downregulated have been identified. Globally, it was demonstrated that TT stimulates osteoblasts proliferation and differentiation, and reduces apoptosis. Therefore, all these effects can contribute to improve the osseointegration of this material. These results encourage the clinical application of Trabecular Titanium to prosthetic devices.