Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biocontrol of a chickpea root-rot disease complex with Glomus intraradices, Pseudomonas putida and Paenibacillus polymyxa

The effect of Glomus intraradices, Pseudomonas putida and Paenibacillus polymyxa on the growth, chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents and on the root-rot disease complex of chickpea (caused by Meloidogyne incognita and Macrophomina phaseolina) were observed. Inoculation of plants with G. intraradices, P. putida and P. polymyxa alone and in combination significantly increased plant growth, pod number, chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents and reduced galling, nematode multiplication and root-rot index. Inoculation of plants with P. putida most effectively reduced galling and nematode multiplication, followed by G. intraradices and P. polymyxa. Combined inoculation of plants with G. intraradices, P. putida and P. polymyxa caused the greatest reduction in galling, nematode multiplication and root-rot index. Pathogens had adverse effects on root colonisation by G. intraradices, while root colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus was increased in the presence of P. putida and P. polymyxa.
Effect of Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane on the Mechanical Properties of Skeletal Muscle after Strabismus Surgery in Rabbits

ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the functional recovery of the superior rectus muscle (SRM) after its partial resection in a rabbit model with and without cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM). Material and methods: Resection of the right and left SRMs of 30 rabbits was performed. On the left eyes, a single sheet of equine cryopreserved AM was placed covering the muscle edge sutured. Active and passive mechanical properties of muscles operated with and without AM were monitored over time at 30 (n = 10), 60 (n = 10), and 90 (n = 10) days after surgery. Muscle samples were extracted and electrically stimulated to register the force exerted by the samples, characterizing its active behavior. They were, then, subjected to stretching test to obtain its resistance to deformation, known as passive behavior. Moreover, right and left eyes of a control group (n = 5) were equally subjected to active and passive tests to characterize the physiological behavior of SRM muscles. Results: On active function examination, statistically significant differences were documented between the following: control vs AM and no AM at 30 days (p = 0.002 and p = 0.04, respectively). All other comparisons were insignificant (p > 0.05). On passive function analysis, significant differences were only found between control vs. no AM at 30 days (p = 0.004) and between AM vs. no AM at 30 days (p = 0.002). Indeed, muscle operated without AM did not recover a normal passive function until 60 days after surgery. Conclusion: Cryopreserved AM is effective in accelerating recovery of SRM passive function in rabbits. Nevertheless, AM produced no significant effect on recovery of SRM active function.
Applying Complexity Theory To Understand Chinese Consumers’ Decision-Making In Innovative Products

Abstract This study is the first to apply complexity theory to identify antecedent paths, involving perceived risks (functional risk and emotional risk), innate consumer innovativeness, and consumers’ demographics related to information search (ongoing search and pre-purchase search), in the innovative products context. This study contributes a new perspective to Chinese innovation literature, using a configurational analysis, namely, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), which is based on an asymmetrical mode of thinking about the relationships among variables. The findings demonstrate the tenets (equifinality, complexity, and asymmetry) of configurational analysis and reveal configurations of antecedents that are sufficient for consistently predicting the conditions when perceived risk associates with information search in the innovative products context. Namely, perceived risk (functional risk and emotional risk) in recipes with innate consumer innovativeness and/or demographic antecedents are sufficient in predicting a high or low level of ongoing and pre-purchase information search. This research contributes to the literature on perceived risk, information search, and innovation management, particularly in the context of Chinese innovation.
Effects of Strain and Non-genetic Factors on the Egg Qualities and Carcass Characteristics of Indigenous Guinea Fowl ( Numida meleagris )

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of strain and non-genetic factors on egg qualities and carcass characteristics of indigenous Guinea fowl. The study was carried out at the Poultry Section of the Department of Animal Science Education, University of Education, Winneba, Mampong-Ashanti, Ghana, from 2014 to 2016. Four strains of local Guinea fowls; namely Pearl, Lavender, White and Black were used. Three non-genetic factors were considered; season of hatch, generation and sex of bird. Data were collected on 603 local Guinea fowls for the study. Data were analysed using the General Linear Procedure (GLM) of SAS. Results obtained showed that egg weight was significantly (p 0.05) effect on egg weight and hatch weight. Generation had significant (p 0.05) effect on head, neck and shank weights. The interaction of sex and Strain had significant (p<0.05) influence on live, heart and intestine weights. Generation had no significant (p<0.05) effect on carcass characteristics. Strain had significantly (p<0.05) influence on moisture and carbohydrate. In conclusion, the strains and non-genetics factors (sex, season and generation) influence the egg and carcass qualities of indigenous Guinea fowl, hence the effects of these factors must be considered in genetic selection of indigenous Guinea fowls.
Desbuquois dysplasia, a reevaluation with abnormal and “normal” hands: Radiographic manifestations

Radiological features of 35 patients with the diagnosis of Desbuquois dysplasia were analyzed. The diagnosis of Desbuquois dysplasia was based on the association of specific facial alterations, markedly short stature of prenatal onset, joint laxity, ‘Swedish key’ appearance of the proximal femur, and advanced carpal and tarsal bone age. Patients were divided into two groups, depending on whether or not typical hands with an extra ossification center distal to the second metacarpal and/or a delta phalanx of the thumb were present (group 1, 46%) or absent (group 2, 54%). In this study, beside the ‘Swedish key’ appearance of the proximal femur and advanced carpal and tarsal ossification, we were able to define three additional major radiographic criteria for the diagnosis of Desbuquois dysplasia, including flat acetabular roof, elevated greater trochanter, and proximal fibular overgrowth. Other manifestations included wide metaphyses, flat epiphyses, coxa valga, coronal and saggital clefts of the vertebrae, wide anterior rib portions, medial deviation of the foot, and enlarged first metatarsal. We conclude that characteristic hand abnormalities are not mandatory for the diagnosis of Desbuquois dysplasia. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Depression during pregnancy in the Brazilian public health care system.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of depression and correlate clinical and demographic characteristics in pregnant women assisted by the public health system in the city of Pelotas, RS, Brazil. METHOD We performed a cross-sectional study focused on pregnant women assisted by the public health service. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen for depression. RESULTS In a sample of 1,264 pregnant women aged 12-46 years, 21.1% (n = 255) presented a depressive episode during pregnancy. The presence of depression was associated with older age, lower education, lack of a cohabiting partner, not being primiparous, planned pregnancy, abortion thoughts, psychological or psychiatric treatment, smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and stressful events. CONCLUSION Pregnant women assisted by the Brazilian public health system presented a high prevalence of depression. Psychiatric history, lack of support, and stressful events increase the probability of antenatal depression.
Purification and characterization of multiple nuclear factors that bind to the TAX-inducible enhancer within the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 long terminal repeat

Within the human T-cell leukemia virus type I promoter, there are three copies of a 21-base-pair repeat (hereafter called the tax-responsive element [TRE]) that both contributes to basal promoter activity and mediates induction by the viral activator TAX. We have identified and separated three nuclear proteins that interact with the TRE. The TRE-binding protein designated TREB-3 bound more avidly to a multimerized TRE than to a single-copy TRE, while the other two TRE-binding proteins, TREB-1 and TREB-2, bound equally well to either TRE. TREB-1 has been purified to near homogeneity, and binding activity was localized to a protein of 35 to 43 kilodaltons. The affinity-purified TREB-1 activated transcription from the human T-cell leukemia virus type I promoter in vitro. The purified TREB-1 fraction contained activating transcription factor binding activity and showed a cooperative interaction with the TATA-binding factor (TFIID) on the adenovirus E4 promoter.
A case study on multiple‐choice testing in anatomical sciences

Objective testing techniques, such as multiple‐choice examinations, are a widely accepted method of assessment in gross anatomy. In order to deter cheating on these types of examinations, instructors often design several versions of an examination to distribute. These versions usually involve the rearrangement of questions and their corresponding answer choices. This study will determine whether the distribution of different versions of an examination affects student performance in a lower division anatomical science course. Students who receive the original version of an examination may be at an advantage over those that receive a shuffled version of an examination because of the systematic tendencies that go into examination construction. This study concludes that the shuffling of questions and answer choices to produce multiple versions of an examination does not affect student performance. Anat Sci Educ. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.
Effects of Mycoplasma gallisepticum on experimentally infected Eastern Bluebirds(Sialia sialis)

The bacterium Mycoplasma gallisepticum is an avian respiratory pathogen that causes inflammation and swelling of conjunctiva in domestic poultry and wild finches. In the past, severity of conjunctivitis symptoms has been used to quantify infection severity and host resistance. However, many songbirds function as hosts to M. gallisepticum but do not develop this symptom at all. The absence of conjunctivitis, as well as other clinical signs, hinders our understanding of M. gallisepticum infection in the songbird community because some species are responding very differently than others. One such species is the Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis), a common songbird of the southeastern United States. In efforts to determine if M. gallisepticum is a respiratory pathogen of Eastern Bluebirds, data and samples collected from an experimental infection of wild-caught, captive housed birds were used. We quantified relative bacterial load in the eye conjunctiva and choanal cleft palate of infected birds and found that M. gallisepticum did not localize in the conjunctiva but was present in the palate of six out of nine birds 13 days following experimental infection. At this same time point, infected birds showed no significant difference in body condition measures when compared to controls but had significantly lower levels of circulating hemoglobin than did controls. Among infected birds, individuals with the greatest number of M. gallisepticum in their palate 13 days following infection lost more mass than did those with fewer bacteria. Hemoglobin levels and other measures of condition were not significantly correlated with pathogen load. These results suggest that although Eastern Bluebirds do not develop conjunctivitis, they are suffering from physiological consequences of infection. Furthermore, this could be the case in other host species that also do not develop conjunctivitis.
Naphthalene dioxygenase: purification and properties of a terminal oxygenase component

Naphthalene dioxygenase from Pseudomonas sp. strain NCIB 9816 is a multicomponent enzyme system that oxidized naphthalene to cis-(1R, 2S)-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene. The terminal oxygenase component B was purified to homogeneity by a three-step procedure that utilized ion-exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The purified enzyme oxidized naphthalene only in the presence of NADH, oxygen, and partially purified preparations of components A and C. An estimated Mr of 158,000 was obtained by gel filtration. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate revealed the presence of two subunits with molecular weights of ca. 55,000 and 20,000, indicative of an alpha 2 beta 2 quaternary structure. Absorption spectra of the oxidized enzyme showed maxima at 566 (shoulder), 462, and 344 nm, which were replaced by absorption maxima at 520 and 380 nm when the enzyme was reduced anaerobically by stoichiometric quantities of NADH in the presence of the other two components of the naphthalene dioxygenase system. Component B bound naphthalene. Enzyme-bound naphthalene was oxidized to product upon the addition of components A and C, NADH, and O2. These results, together with the detection of the presence of 6.0 g-atoms of iron and 4.0 g-atoms of acid-labile sulfur per mol of the purified enzyme, suggest that component B of the naphthalene dioxygenase system is an iron-sulfur protein which functions in the terminal step of naphthalene oxidation.
Experiments in Non-Coherent Post-editing

Market pressure on translation productivity joined with technological innovation is likely to fragment and decontextualise translation jobs even more than is cur-rently the case. Many different translators increasingly work on one document at different places, collaboratively working in the cloud. This paper investigates the effect of decontextualised source texts on behaviour by comparing post-editing of sequentially ordered sentences with shuffled sentences from two different texts. The findings suggest that there is little or no effect of the decontextualised source texts on behaviour.
Fruit , Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology

This review was prepared as a survey of key articles presenting development, achievements and interconnection of various lines of potato biotechnology research united through the common use of in vitro culture techniques. Starting with the early research on the induction and differentiation of callus tissues, review sequentially and chronologically presents the advance of various in vitro culture techniques and their practical applications in clonal propagation, germplasm storage, production of healthy virus-free plants and breeding. Main topics (sections) presented include: establishment and maintenance of callus, root and shoot cultures; variability in callus tissue and protoplast cultures; shoot differentiation and regeneration from various explant types and cultures, somatic embryogenesis and androgenesis; shoot and meristem tip cultures and their numerous applications; regulation of in vitro tuberization, microtubers dormancy and sprouting and systems for production of micro and minitubers. Finally, review outlines the gradual technique merging and shifting of research interest from cellular to molecular biology. This approach enables us to comprehend developmental processes in cells and tissues not only through the interaction of plant growth regulators and environmental factors but also through sequential activation and expression of regulatory genes. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Generation of mature T cell populations in the thymus: CD4 or CD8 down‐regulation occurs at different stages of thymocyte differentiation

We have studied the differentiation and repertoire selection during the maturation of CD4+CD8+ (DP) thymocytes into CD4+CD8‐ (CD4SP) and CD8+CD4‐ (CD8SP) T cells, in normal mice, mice transgenic for T cell receptor (TcR)‐αβ restricted by either class I or class II major histocompatibility (MHC), and in mice deficient in class I or class II MHC expression. Our data suggest that mature CD4 and CD8 T cells derive from different pathways of T cell differentiation in the thymus. Thus, interaction of DP thymocytes with MHC class II leads to the immediate down‐regulation of CD8, which occurs simultaneously with an increase in TcR expression; DPTcRloHSAhi thymocytes mature into a CD4+CD8lo TcRhiHSAhi intermediate population. This cell population generates CD4SP thymocytes, the majority of which are still HSAhi. In contrast, interaction with MHC class I induces the up‐regulation of TcR, which precedes the down‐regulation of CD4; DPTcRlo generate DPTcRhi thymocytes, the majority of which are the committed precursors of CD8SP cells. Further differentiation results in CD4 down‐regulation and the transition from DPTcRhi into CD8+CD4lo TcRhiHSAlo and CD8SPTcRhiHSA‐ T cells. Since down‐regulation of CD4 and CD8 occurs at different stages of thymocyte differentiation, our results do not support a stochastic/selective model of lineage commitment in the thymus.
On the Therapy for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Sir, We have read with great attention the article titled, “The inositols and polycystic ovary syndrome” by Kalra et al.[1] The authors have correctly outlined the physiological activities of the two most important stereoisomers of inositol, myoinositol (MI), and D-chiro-inositol (DCI). We provide a more accurate analysis of these data, which will help ensure pragmatic prescription of these useful molecules.
Décollements, Detachments, and Rafts in the Extended Crust of Dangerous Ground, South China Sea: The Role of Inherited Contacts

We investigate the crustal structure of the Dangerous Ground (South China Sea) through processing and interpretation of coincident wide‐angle reflection and refraction seismic data. Continental crust of Dangerous Ground has been moderately thinned, down to 15 km, so that most of the structures accompanying the early opening of the South China Sea from Cretaceous to Miocene have been preserved. Subbasement reflectors as well as refraction velocities image an interpreted dismantled Mesozoic metamorphic unit in the southernmost section of our study area. A rollover structure indicates that the reflective base of the unit was used as a décollement where low‐angle normal faults root and blocks rafted. The metamorphic unit is discontinued in a nearby basin located immediately to the north, where the refraction velocity model shows thinning of the crust from 20 to 15 km, with the presence of a 5‐km‐high mantle dome. In this deeper basin, mass transport deposits are found lying on a strong amplitude basement reflector interpreted as the footwall of an ~15 km offset crustal detachment surface that we link down to the mantle dome. We infer that the detachment reactivated an inherited low‐angle contact most probably related to the Yanshanian belt. In map view, the reactivated structure forms a half‐graben basin oriented NNE‐SSW oblique to the generally accepted direction of extension. This orientation follows the general trend of a granitic belt that spanned the South China margin prior to extension, related to the subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific.
Patterns & Problems of Menstruation amongst the Adolescent Girls Residing in the Urban Slum

Menstruation is a normal physiological phenomenon for females indicating her capability for procreation and abnormalities of menstruation are a major gynaecological problem in adolescence. However, variability in menstrual cycle characteristics and menstrual disorders are common. The objectives of the study were to find out the age of menarche among the Adolescent girls of the urban slum, to study different menstrual patterns and practices among them & to find out the prevalence and types of menstrual disorders in Adolescent girls. A Cross sectional study was undertaken in an urban slum area of GMC, Miraj for period of 3 months. All unmarried adolescent girls from 10–19 years of age, who had attained menarche were included. Information was gathered on menarcheal age, menstrual patterns, practices & problems using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 268 girls were interviewed. Mother was the source of information regarding menstruation in 45.5% of girls. Mean age of menarche was 13.43 + 1.01 years. 21.3% adolescents had abnormal cycle length, 24.2% had irregular menstrual cycle, 67.2% experienced dysmenorrhoea & 51.5% had premenstrual syndrome. Significant association was found between cycle length, duration of menstruation & amount of flow. Out of 199 girls who had ever experienced menstrual problem, 31% had any consultation & of them only 45.2% consulted doctors. There is an urgent need for strong health educational activities among the adolescent girls, their parents and teachers for effective management of menstrual problems & improvement of their health seeking behavior as regards menstrual abnormalities.
Numerical Study on the Saturable Absorber Parameter Selection in an Erbium Fiber Ring Oscillator

Based on a non-distributed numerical model including fiber birefringence and orthogonal mode coupling, we investigate the effects of saturable absorber (SA) parameters on the mode-locking of a realistic Erbium fiber ring laser. We compute the pulse evolution in the oscillator where the pulse properties are also affected by the intracavity polarization controller (PC). Simultaneous effect of the SA and PC parameters on the properties of the generated vector solitons are studied, and their stability against intracavity polarization perturbation at different SA parameter ranges is discussed.
Growth of Trichosporon cutaneum under oxygen limitation: Kinetics of oxygen uptake

The relationship between oxygen concentration and growth rate in the yeast Trichosporon cutaneum was studied. In order to establish the conditions for purely oxygen‐limited growth, the cells were first grown in a carbon‐limited chemostat, and kinetic parameters determined. The cells were then grown in an oxygen‐limited chemostat at different dilution rates yielding different oxygen uptake rates. The steady‐state dissolved oxygen tension was found at each dilution rate and the corresponding equilibrium dissolved oxygen tension was found at each dilution rate and the corresponding equilibrium dissolved oxygen concentration determined in the effluent medium. The relationship between oxygen concentration and growth rate followed Monod‐type kinetics with an apparent KO of 4.38 × 10−6M.
The Sensory Experiences of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis

It has been well established that individuals with autism spectrum disorder report unusual experiences with sensory stimuli compared with typically developing individuals. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the nature of such experiences. A focus group was conducted with six adults with a diagnosis of autism or Asperger syndrome. Data were coded and analysed using an inductive, qualitative thematic analysis. Four main themes encompassing both positive and negative sensory experiences emerged from these data: (a) the importance of particular aspects of stimuli in their perception, (b) the importance of having control over stimuli, (c) how emotions/mental states could impact/be impacted by sensory stimuli, and (d) physical responses to stimuli. These data are discussed alongside extant literature. Limitations, possible implications, and potential directions of future research are also discussed.