Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neither Bad Apple Nor Bad Barrel: How the Societal Context Impacts Unethical Behavior in Organizations

Every time another corporate scandal captures media headlines, the ‘bad apple vs. bad barrel’ discussion starts anew. Yet this debate overlooks the influence of the broader societal context on organizational behavior. In this article, we argue that misbehaviors of organizations (the ‘barrels’) and their members (the ‘apples’) cannot be addressed properly without a clear understanding of their broader context (the ‘larder’). Whereas previously, a strong societal framework dampened the practical application of the Homo economicus concept (business actors as perfectly rational and egocentric utility‐maximizing agents without any moral concern), specialization, individualization and globalization led to a business world disembedded from broader societal norms. This emancipated business world promotes a literal interpretation of Homo economicus among business organizations and their members. Consequently, we argue that the first step toward ‘healthier’ apples and barrels is to sanitize the larder, that is, adapt the framework in which organizations and their members evolve.
Developmental response of tropi cal warehouse moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)'s larvae to stored cocoa beans fermented at varied degrees

Developing larvae of major insect pests like Ephestia cautella rapidly degrade stored cocoa beans through feeding and other biological activities on the beans. Completion of developmental stages of insects may be influenced by a number of biochemical factors triggered by the primary post-harvest processing of cocoa beans prior to storage. Hence, this study assessed the development of E. Cautella from first instar larval stage to adult stage on cocoa beans fermented at varied degrees. Fresh ripening pods of Amelonado variety (N38) were harvested and fermented variedly at 0 - 7 days, and sun-dried to about 5 - 6% moisture content. The variedly fermented cocoa beans (300g/treatment) were infested with newly hatched first instar larvae of E.cautella (N=10) in a completely randomized design with four replications at 28±2°C and 70±5% relative humidity(RH). Days to adult emergence of the larvae of E.cautella on the cocoa beans varied significantly (P>0.05) between 0 day and 76.50 days in 4 days and 7 days-fermented beans, respectively. Significant variations occurred (P>0.05) in the total adult emergents of E. cautella , ranging between 0 and 8.25 in 4 days and 1 day fermented beans, respectively. This study reveals that the fermentation period of cocoa beans prior to drying and storage influenced adult emergence of E.cautella on stored cocoa beans, with 0 - 3 days fermented beans highly susceptible to E.cautella ’s development to adult stage. Cocoa beans need to be fermented adequately for 4 to 7 days before drying to prevent insects’ damage. Notably, 4-days fermented cocoa beans did not support E.cautella development to adult stage at 90 days post larvae-introduction. The 4-days fermented cocoa beans require further investigations for its nutritional suitability and importance in human diets. Keywords: Varied fermentation, Ephestia cautella , total adult emergents, days to adult emergence
Behavioral Risk Factors of Hypertension among Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Adult Communities, Eastern Ethiopia, Somali Regional State, 2016

Background: Hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries including Ethiopia. However, its prevention and control has not yet received due attention. The overall objective of the study was to assess prevalence of behavioral risk factors of hypertension among adults in Jigjig town, Somali region state, Eastern Ethiopia, from May to June, 2016. Materials and methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from May to June 2016 among 330 adults of 20 years old and above residing in Jigjiga town using multistage sampling technique. Data were collected through face to face interview after verbal informed consent was taken. Additionally physical measurements such as blood pressure, weight and height of the participants were measured following standard procedures. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was estimated using multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of hypertension. Result: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 13.3% (95% CI: 10.90-15.70). Among all hypertensive people identified, 12 (28.57%) were newly screened. Family history of hypertension [AOR: 25.0 (11.65 - 98.12)], individuals who did not engaged in any kind physical activity [AOR: 16.24 (2.12 - 99.12)] and Khat chewers [AOR: 1.98 (2.987 - 5.456)] were behavioral risk factors associated with hypertension. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of hypertension probably indicating a hidden epidemic in this community. Family history of hypertension, Khat chewing and physical inactivity was behavioral factors associated with hypertension in this study. Hence launching a strategy to screen at least adults visiting health institutions for other reasons is paramount to identify new cases. As well health education on hypertension risk reduction should be done by promoting healthy life styles such as regular physical exercise and avoiding khat chewing.
Banking sector development and economic growth: evidence from Zimbabwe

In this study the causality relationship of banking sector development and economic growth in Zimbabwe is investigated. The jagged performance of the Zimbabwean economy presents an interest in unravelling the state of banking development in a stunted economic growth state. Prior to 1991 the Zimbabwean financial sector went through years of financial repression and then after 1991 a raft of financial liberalization strategies were implemented. Around 2004 the financial sector was hit by numerous corporate governance scandals which led to a reintroduction of stricter financial regulations. In the same vein Zimbabwe has experienced a rapid decline in its economic growth in the past two decades. With this background, this study investigated the causal relationship between banking sector development and economic growth by testing for Granger causality based on a vector error correction model. The proxies used for banking development sector are real broad money (M2) to real GDP ratio denoted by YM2 and the real domestic credit to real GDP ratio represented by YCRED. More so, the proxies used for economic growth are absolute values of real gross domestic product (RGDP), real domestic credit (RCRED) and real broad money (RM2) as proxies for financial intermediary development as well. The study established a long-run relationship between economic growth and banking sector development. Therefore, economic growth spurs banking sector development in Zimbabwe. This is consistent with the “demand following” finance-growth hypothesis.
EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL NURSING INTERVENTION PROGRAM ON FEMALE PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Aim: The aim of study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological nursing intervention programs on female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Methods: Pre-post follow-up assessment of outcome was used in this study. The study was conducted in the inpatient and outpatient clinics of rheumatology and rehabilitation at Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Results: There was a significant improvement in knowledge and practice of patients with RA in the post and follow-up phase of the program in the intervention group. In addition, the patients showed a high level of independence regarding ability to perform ADL. There was a statistically significant decrease in disability for patients in the intervention group. Conclusion: It is recommended that non-pharmacological intervention programs be implemented for patients with RA in different settings to help reduce the number of patients complaining of pain and disability.
First feeding of Eugerres brasilianus (Carapeva) larvae with Acartia tonsa (Copepod) nauplii increases survival and resistance to acute stress

The rotifer Brachionus sp. is commonly used for larval feeding in marine fish hatcheries. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the inclusion of Acartia tonsa nauplii in the initial diet of carapeva larvae improves their survival, growth and resistance to stress when compared to the regimen containing only rotifers. Adult copepods were collected in the wild and cultured with the microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri , Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis oculata to obtain nauplii. Carapeva larvae were grown for 15 days using four treatments and three replicates: 1) Brachionus plicatilis rotifers (10 to 15/mL); 2) A. tonsa nauplii (0.25 to 0.5/mL); 3) Brachionus plicatilis rotifers (5 to 7.5/mL) + A. tonsa nauplii (0.12 to 0.25/mL), and 4) no supply of live feed. After 15 days, the carapeva larvae were subjected to stress by exposure to air for 10 seconds and then returned to the source tank to evaluate survival after 24 h. Survival and stress resistance were higher in carapeva larvae fed B. plicatilis + A. tonsa nauplii (P<0.05), 20.9 ± 11.2% and 88.9%, respectively. These results confirm the positive effect of the inclusion of copepod nauplii in the diet of fish larvae. However, more research is needed to validate these results.
Developmental, Individual and Family Characteristics of Specialist, Versatile, and Short-Duration Adolescent Sex Offenders

This article reports on developmental, individual and family characteristics of 108 adjudicated adolescent sexual offenders who had been referred to a specialised assessment and treatment service. A Principal Components Analysis of measures of developmental characteristics (abuse histories, conduct problems), individual characteristics (callous unemotional traits; externalising and internalising behaviours), and family functioning (parental involvement; parental supervision; positive parenting practices; inconsistent discipline and corporal punishment) yielded three main components. These components were designated Negative Environment, Positive Environment and Transgression. Three subgroups were identified on the basis of their criminal histories: specialist offenders (n = 47); versatile offenders (n = 33), and short-duration offenders (n = 28). MANCOVA revealed a significant multivariate main effect for offender subtype. A significant univariate effect was found for Transgression. Results suggest that offence specialisation and versatility among adolescent sexual offenders may arise from somewhat different developmental pathways.
Review of the fossil balaenids from Japan with a re-description of Eubalaena shinshuensis (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti)

Introduction At least 39 species of extant cetaceans can be found in the western North Pacifi c (Kasuya, 1996), including representatives of the two living genera of the family Balaenidae, Eubalaena (right whales) and Balaena (bowhead whale). Though now generally considered to comprise at least three extant species (Mead, Brownell 2005), the systematics of the genus Eubalaena is still controversial (e.g., Cummings, 1985; Jefferson et al., 1993; Rice, 1998; Rosenbaum et al., 2000; Gaines et al., 2005). Living right whales have a global distribution, ranging from temperate to subpolar latitudes in all of the world’s oceans (Kenney, 2002). In the North Pacifi c, there have been reported sightings ranging from about 25 to 60 N (Cummings, 1985). Prior to heavy exploitation by commercial whaling, there were large numbers of right whales in the western North Pacifi c around Japan (Braham, Rice, 1984). The living bowhead, Balaena mysticetus, is found in high latitude areas in the northern hemisphere. While the population in the Sea of Okhotsk is generally confi ned to the area north of 57 N (Moore, Reeves, 1993), a young bowhead was captured by a fi sherman in Osaka Bay (33 28’N), Japan in 1969 (Nishiwaki, Kasuya, 1970). Although this individual may have been astray, this is the southernmost confi rmed record of this species (Reeves, Leatherwood, 1985; Moore, Reeves, 1993), and thus members of both of the living balaenid genera have been sighted around Japan. In addition to the large number of extant species, a variety of fossils found in Japan point to a diverse cetacean fauna in the Neogene of the western North Pacifi c (Oishi, Hasegawa, 1995b; Review of the fossil balaenids from Japan with a re-description of Eubalaena shinshuensis (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti)
Physical and Socioeconomic Driving Forces of Land-Use and Land-Cover Changes: A Case Study of Wuhan City, China

To investigate precise nexus between land-use and land-cover changes (LUCC) and driving factors for rational urban management, we used remotely sensed images to map land use and land cover (LULC) from 1990 to 2010 for four time periods using Wuhan city, China, as a case study. Partial least squares (PLS) method was applied to analyze the relationships between LUCC and the driving factors, mainly focusing on three types of LULC, that is, arable land, built-up area, and water area. The results were as follows: during the past two decades, the land-use pattern in Wuhan city showed dramatic change. Arable land is made up of the largest part of the total area. The increased built-up land came mainly from the conversion of arable land for the purpose of economic development. Based on the Variable Importance in Projection (VIP), the joint effects of socioeconomic and physical factors on LUCC were dominant, though annual temperature, especially annual precipitation, proved to be less significant to LUCC. Population, tertiary industry proportion, and gross output value of agriculture were the most significant factors for three major types of LULC. This study could help us better understand the driving mechanism of urban LUCC and important implications for urban management.
Determination and climatology of the planetary boundary layer height above the Swiss plateau by in situ and remote sensing measurements as well as by the COSMO-2 model

Abstract. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) height is a key parameter in air quality control and pollutant dispersion. The PBL height cannot, however, be directly measured, and its estimation relies on the analysis of the vertical profiles of the temperature, turbulence or the atmospheric composition. An operational PBL height detection method including several remote sensing instruments (wind profiler, Raman lidar, microwave radiometer) and several algorithms (Parcel and bulk Richardson number methods, surface-based temperature inversion, aerosol or humidity gradient analysis) was developed and tested with 1 year of measurements, which allows the methods to be validated against radio sounding measurements. The microwave radiometer provides convective boundary layer heights in good agreement with the radio sounding (RS) (median bias 0.70) and allows the analysis of the diurnal variation of the PBL height due to its high temporal resolution. The Raman lidar also leads to a good agreement with RS, whereas the wind profiler yields some more dispersed results mostly due to false attribution problems. A comparison with the numerical weather prediction model COSMO-2 has shown a general overestimation of the model PBL height by some hundreds to thousand meters. Finally the seasonal cycles of the daytime and nighttime PBL heights are discussed for each instrument and each detection algorithm for two stations on the Swiss plateau.
Probing the link between cognitive control and lexical selection in monolingual speakers

Resume La possible difference de performance entre les monolingues et les bilingues dans des tâches de controle cognitif est actuellement sujette a debat. Les bilingues doivent constamment alterner et discriminer entre leurs deux langues. Ce processus supplementaire de discrimination, absent chez les monolingues, produirait une amelioration generale des habiletes de controle cognitif. Nous avons examine une prediction directement deduite de cette hypothese generale. Si il y a effectivement un lien general entre processus generiques de selection de reponse et selection de mots, alors les variations naturellement presentes au sein d’une population monolingue des capacites de discrimination de reponse devraient etre liees a la capacite a choisir des mots. Nous avons teste une large cohorte d’enfants monolingues dans la tâche non linguistique de Simon et dans une tâche de production de mots a partir de dessins. La difficulte de selection a ete manipulee dans chaque tâche. Nous avons observe de clairs effets de cette difficulte au sein de chaque tâche, mais pas de relation entre eux au niveau individuel. Cette absence d’effet significatif ne fournit pas d’arguments en faveur de l’hypothese testee. Elle motive toutefois une discussion exploratoire des processus exacts qui, chez le locuteur bilingue, pourraient ameliorer le controle cognitif.
Turkish Preservice Elementary Science Teachers' Conceptions of Learning Science and Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs: Is There a Relationship?.

This study has been conducted to investigate conceptions of learning science (COLS) and personal science teaching efficacy belief (PSTE) of Turkish preservice elementary science teachers (PSTs) and to explore the relationship between these variables. Two instruments COLS questionnaire and PSTE subscale of Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument (STEBI-B) have been administered to 379 PSTs from seven different universities. Descriptive analyses have pointed out that PSTs have higher level of COLS and moderately higher level of PSTE. The results obtained from the structural equation model have revealed that the conceptions ‘testing’, ‘calculate and practice’, ‘increase of knowledge’, ‘applying’ and ‘understanding and seeing in a new way’ have significantly predicted PSTE. We have assumed that lower level of conceptions ‘memorizing’, ‘testing’, and ‘calculate and practice’ predict PSTE by negative coefficients while higher level of conceptions ‘increase of knowledge’, ‘applying’ and ‘understanding and seeing in a new way’ predict by positive coefficients. However, ‘calculating and practicing’ has positively predicted and ‘applying’ has negatively predicted PSTE. Considering the results, adaptation of inquiry- and argumentation-based learning and teaching environments in science teacher education, creating opportunities to develop PSTs’ pedagogical skills about knowledge transfer and application, and utilization of diagnostic tools to pursue PSTs’ development of COLS have been suggested.
[Expression of livin at the invasive tumor front of oral squamous cell carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE To study the expression of livin at the invasive tumor front of oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS Forty-eight samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma were graded according to invasive front gading (IFG). The expression of livin was evaluated at the ITF and other parts of the same tumor using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Significant difference in the pathological grades was found between the ITF and the other parts of oral squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.01). The expression of livin at the ITF was significantly stronger than that in the other regions (P<0.01). A significant positive correlation was noted between livin expression and the TFG score (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Inhibition of cell apoptosis is more obvious at the ITF of oral squamous cell carcinoma than in the other regions. Livin overexpression at the ITF may indicate greater malignancy and higher likeliness of tumor recurrence and metastasis.
An evaluation of passage-level indexing strategies for a technical report archive

Past research has shown that using evidence from document passages rather than complete documents is an effective way of improving the precision of full-text database searches. However, passage-level indexing has yet to be widely adopted for commercial or online databases. This paper reports on experiments designed to test the efficacy of passage-level indexing with a particular collection of a full-text online database, the New Zealand Digital Library. Discourse passages and word-window passages are used for the indexing process. Both ranked and Boolean searching are used to test the resulting indexes. Overlapping window passages are shown to offer the best retrieval performance with both ranked and Boolean queries. Modifications may be necessary to the term weighting methodology in order to ensure optimal ranked query performance.
Management development programs and the aspired management style: A study in Malaysia

Purpose: The study was to examine the relationship between management development programs and the management styles used by junior executives and young managers. Design/methodology/approach: Data was collected using survey forms and all the respondents were below 45 years old. They were either professionals or holding middle to higher level positions. Findings: Only mentoring had significant relationships with all the seven management styles. Mentoring was also found as the only program which was significant predictor to all the management styles. Assessment programs were found having significant relationship with participative style with negative relationship. On-the-job development programs were only significantly related to two management styles. Delegating style was significantly related to all the management development programs. Ethical management style was only significant to mentoring. Research implications: HR practitioners should emphasize the use of mentoring with systematic mentoring programs. Research limitations: The correlation values among variables were weak-to-moderate and some variables suffered from low Cronbach’s alpha values. Originality/value: The paper researched on the outcomes of management development programs by measuring the management styles as perceived by the program participants.
Sources of Student Errors and Misconceptions in Algebra and Effectiveness of Classroom Practice Remediation in Machakos County- Kenya

This paper is based on a study which sought to examine the various errors and misconceptions committed by students in algebra with the view to exposing the nature and origin of the errors and misconceptions in secondary schools in Machakos district. Teachers’ knowledge on students’ errors was investigated together with strategies for remedial teaching. Descriptive survey design was adopted on four hundred and thirty form two students and fifteen mathematics teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that students make errors and that they have misconceptions in algebra. In this paper some students’ misconceived notions and the root causes of these misconceptions are shared. Opportunities afforded by these feedbacks for instruction of mathematics are also shared. The study posits that teachers’ use of student’s mathematical ideas when purposely engaged can support teacher student interaction in mathematics classrooms. However, most of the teachers hardly made use of the students’ mathematical ideas and this lead to instructional strategies that did not address students’ difficulties. So to enhance teachers’ use of student’s experiences, teacher education will need to focus on encouraging a variety of ways of teacher-student interaction during which students’ mathematical ideas should be considered exhaustively.