Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN

Training and development of human resources is necessary for organization to improve work discipline and performance. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of training and human resource development to the work discipline and performance, work discipline on performance as well as to determine the affect of training and development to the performance directly and indirectly through labor discipline. Respondents in this study were 80 employees College of Agricultural Extension (STPP) in Magelang. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and analysis tools used descriptive, regression and path analysis. Results of this study showed, the training and development has an effect on the work discipline and performance as well. Training directly affects to the performance, while the development indirectly effect to the performance through work discipline . https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v5i1. 1212
Pengaruh Pelayanan, Sanksi, dan Kesadaran Wajib Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi di Kpp Pratama Merauke

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of tax service, tax penalty, and taxpayers' awareness on taxpayers' compliance. The population included individual taxpayers registered in the Tax Service Office of Merauke. The primary data were collected in a survey method by giving questionnaires to 187 respondents; and the sample were selected by using simple random sampling. The data were then analysed by using multiple linear regression method with SPSS program. The results revealed that all variables in the hypothesis testing have positive parameter coefficient. The effect of tax service, tax penalty, and taxpayers' awareness on taxpayers' compliance are significant, as all t-statistic value are greater than t-table 1.653 at a significance level of 5%.
Oxidation of polystyrene aerosols by VUV-photolysis and/or ozone

Aerosols of submicron polystyrene particles were oxidized by either vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation in the presence of molecular oxygen (O_2) and/or by ozone (O_3). Different degrees of oxidation and oxidative degradation were reached by VUV-photolysis depending on radiant energy, O_2 and H2O concentrations in the bulk gas mixture as well as on particle diameter. The same functionalization was obtained by exposing the aerosol to O_3, however, oxidation, in particular oxidative degradation, was less efficient. The evolution of hydroxyl and carbonyl functions introduced was quantified by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy of filtered particles, and oxidative degradation of the polymer particles was confirmed by determining size and number of aerosol particles before and after oxidation. Efficiency analyses are based on the results of an O_3 actinometry and on an evaluation of the rate of absorbed photons by the aerosol particles in function of their size.
A meta‐analysis of the utility of pre‐operative brain natriuretic peptide in predicting early and intermediate‐term mortality and major adverse cardiac events in vascular surgical patients

We conducted a meta‐analysis of the utility of pre‐operative B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N‐terminal‐pro B‐type natriuretic peptide in predicting early (< 30 days) and intermediate (< 180 days) term mortality and major adverse cardiac events (cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction) in patients following vascular surgery. A Pubmed Central and EMBASE search was conducted up to January 2008. Of 81 studies identified, seven prospective observational studies were included in the meta‐analysis representing five patient cohorts: early outcomes (504 patients) and intermediate‐term outcomes (623 patients). A B‐type natriuretic peptide or N‐terminal‐pro B‐type natriuretic peptide above the optimal discriminatory threshold determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was associated with 30‐day cardiac death (OR 7.6, 95% CI 1.33–43.4, p = 0.02), nonfatal myocardial infarction (OR 6.24, 95% CI 1.82–21.4, p = 0.004) and major adverse cardiac events (OR 17.37, 95% CI 3.31–91.15, p = 0.0007), and intermediate‐term, all‐cause mortality (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.85–5.2, p < 0.0001), nonfatal myocardial infarction (OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.17–7.46, p = 0.02) and major adverse cardiac events (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.1–5.24, p < 0.00001). B‐type natriuretic peptide and N‐terminal‐pro B‐type natriuretic peptide are potentially useful pre‐operative prognostic tests in vascular surgical patients.
Progenitor cells of the adult mouse subventricular zone proliferate, migrate and differentiate into oligodendrocytes after demyelination

Identifying a source of cells with the capacity to generate oligodendrocytes in the adult CNS would help in the development of strategies to promote remyelination. In the present study, we examined the ability of the precursor cells of the adult mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) to differentiate into remyelinating oligodendrocytes. After lysolecithin‐induced demyelination of the corpus callosum, progenitors of the rostral SVZ (SVZa) and the rostral migratory pathway (RMS), expressing the embryonic polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA‐NCAM), increased progressively with a maximal expansion occurring after 2 weeks. This observation correlated with an increase in the proliferation activity of the neural progenitors located in the SVZa and RMS. Moreover, polysialic acid (PSA)‐NCAM‐immunoreactive cells arizing from the SVZa were detected in the lesioned corpus callosum and within the lesion. Tracing of the constitutively cycling cells of the adult SVZ and RMS with 3H‐thymidine labelling showed their migration toward the lesion and their differentiation into oligodendrocytes and astrocytes but not neurons. These data indicate that, in addition to the resident population of quiescent oligodendrocyte progenitors of the adult CNS, neural precursors from the adult SVZ constitute a source of oligodendrocytes for myelin repair.
TOWARDS SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE FOR PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES IN TANZANIAN PENSION SCHEMES A Factor Scores Regression Analysis of Perceived Factors

This study assessed perceived factors for social media usage among pension schemes in Tanzania in their endeavour to enhance their promotional activities. Specifically, it sought to assess perception by pension firms regarding social media as promotional tools for their activities in the pension firms. The study involved 96 Social Security Organisations (SSOs) employees from four Pension Schemes (NSSF, GEPF, PSPF and PPF) headquarters in Dar es Salaam. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) using factor analysis and later regression analysis. Through regression analysis, findings indicated that social media usage for promotional activities is predicted by perceived usefulness, ease of use, and trustworthiness. This is a result of positive relationship between social media usage and the three independent variables. The study urges top management to provide support that would facilitate social media usage through adequate budget allocation for training, equipment acquisition and maintenance. In so doing, it will, in turn, impart positive organisational culture change and increase understanding on social media usefulness. Also SSOs should integrate both traditional media with social media to tap the impact of each to specific target markets.
Emerging Opportunities for Serotypes of Botulinum Neurotoxins

Background: Two decades ago, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) type A was introduced to the commercial market. Subsequently, the toxin was approved by the FDA to address several neurological syndromes, involving muscle, nerve, and gland hyperactivity. These syndromes have typically been associated with abnormalities in cholinergic transmission. Despite the multiplicity of botulinal serotypes (designated as types A through G), therapeutic preparations are currently only available for BoNT types A and B. However, other BoNT serotypes are under study for possible clinical use and new clinical indications; Objective: To review the current research on botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A-G, and to analyze potential applications within basic science and clinical settings; Conclusions: The increasing understanding of botulinal neurotoxin pathophysiology, including the neurotoxin’s effects on specific neuronal populations, will help us in tailoring treatments for specific diagnoses, symptoms and patients. Scientists and clinicians should be aware of the full range of available data involving neurotoxin subtypes A-G.
Literature review on the dynamics of social movements in fragile and conflict-affected states

This literature review assesses the available academic and policy-oriented literature on social movements in fragile and conflict-affected contexts. It examines who becomes involved in collective action and why, the barriers to mobilisation and, where social movements do emerge, how these are able to sustain mobilisation and broaden their membership base to reflect the interests of the wider community. Evidence from this review suggests the importance of considering the interplay of movement activity and state stability, and of taking into account existing state-society relationships. Donors could focus on creating a supportive environment for social movements.
Living environment and quality of life in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT Population growth and urbanization have resulted in the emergence of mega cities in recent decades. While compact urban fabrics and high residential density imply intensive interactions between man and environment, the living environment may be one of the most important factors affecting quality of life (QOL) of city dwellers. With this in mind, this paper seeks to understand the manners in which the residents relate themselves to the places they live and how they derive neighborhood and QOL, in such way that the relationship between living environment and QOL can be understood. A random telephone survey (N = 1,114) was conducted in Hong Kong. Results showed that different levels of neighborhood satisfaction varied in residents of different housing types and living environment was a significant predictor of resident’s QOL. Other than the architecture of housing, this paper highlights the importance of services and facilities for the development of social relations and community building. This paper may supplement to the Western QOL studies and provide reference for urban planning initiatives for Asian cities.
Role of Scavenger Receptors in the Binding and Internalization of Heat Shock Protein 701

Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) exerts profound effects both in mediating tumor rejection by Hsp70-based vaccines and in autoimmunity. Further progress in this area, however, awaits the identification of the cell surface receptors for extracellular Hsp70 that mediate its immune functions. We have examined a wide range of candidate Hsp70 receptors and find significant binding through two main families of cell surface proteins, including 1) the scavenger receptor (SR) family and 2) C-type lectins of the NK family. In addition, given that the anticancer effects of Hsp70 vaccines have been shown to involve uptake of Ags by APC exposed to Hsp70-tumor Ag complexes, we have examined the ability of the receptors identified here to internalize Hsp70-peptide complexes. Our findings indicate that three members of the SR family (lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1; fasciclin, epidermal growth factor-like, laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like, and link domain-containing scavenger receptor-1; and SR expressed by endothelial cells-1) are able to bind Hsp70-peptide complexes and mediate its efficient internalization. Indeed, each of the SR was able to mediate efficient uptake of Hsp70 when transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells previously null for uptake. Curiously, Hsp70 internalization occurs independently of the intracellular domains of the SR, and Hsp70 uptake could be detected when the entire intracellular domain of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 or SR expressed by endothelial cells-1 was truncated. The existence of a wide repertoire of cell surface Hsp70-binding structures may permit intracellular responses to extracellular Hsp70 that are cell specific and discriminate between Hsp70 family members.
Altered levels of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by peripheral neuropathy.

OBJECTIVE To assess levels of 2 circulating soluble adhesion molecules, vascular cellular adhesion molecule (sVCAM) and E-selectin, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated by peripheral neuropathy compared to RA patients with no neurological complications and healthy controls. METHODS In total, 25 RA patients with peripheral neuropathy (detected by clinical examination and confirmed by electromyography and nerve conduction studies), 40 RA patients without peripheral neuropathy, and 25 controls were studied. Clinical and laboratory assessments of disease activity were carried out and levels of sVCAM-1 and E-selectin were measured by ELISA in each of the 3 groups. RESULTS Levels of sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin were higher (p < 0.001) in RA patients with peripheral neuropathy than in patients without neuropathy and controls. Levels of sE-selectin and sVCAM-1 correlated positively with disease activity variables. Correlation was independent of age and sex. CONCLUSION Peripheral neuropathy in patients with RA is associated with increased endothelial cell activation evidenced by elevated serum levels of sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin in this group of patients.
Inhibition of autoimmune neuropathological process by treatment with an iron-chelating agent

Lewis rats that are primed with guinea pig spinal cord homogenized in complete Freund's adjuvant (GPSCH-CFA) develop overt symptoms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Treatment with the iron- chelating agent, desferrioxamine B mesylate (DFOM), at various times before the onset of EAE, dramatically suppressed both the severity and duration of disease. When DFOM was administered to rats soon after the development of neurological signs, a rapid recovery occurred, though mild, transient symptoms could be seen approximately 1 wk after withdrawal of the drug. Treatment with DFOM was always accompanied by a diminution of T cell responsiveness on the part of the delayed-type hypersensitivity/helper subset and, on histological examination, an absence of inflammatory cells from lesions. Iron is believed to influence both the migration and function of immune effector cells. It can also act as a catalyst in the formation of free radicals, which are highly toxic agents causing tissue damage in sites of inflammation. The mechanisms underlying the effect of DFOM on the severity of EAE, and the possible implications for treatment of multiple sclerosis are discussed.
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, RISK AND THEIR IMPACT TOWARDS PERFORMANCES IN INDONESIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS

The purpose of the study is to investigate relationships between ownership structure, risk and performance in Indonesian commercial banking industry. This study examines whether the type of ownership has moderating effect on these relationships, and whether ownership structure is a key determinant of risk taking behavior that effect bank’s performance in terms of ROA. The data used are banks quarterly balance sheet and income statement from the publication of Bank Indonesia. Methodology for data analysis is time-series regression analysis. This study finds that in Indonesia commercial banking ownership structure is homogeneous, where owners have strong controlling rights. But the relationship between ownership and risk taking behavior depends on the role of the largest owner in managing the firms and regulations. Capital requirements do induce and support bank’s soundness, but do not reduce bank risk taking. Furthermore, interestingly size of bank’s asset also support stability but induce aggressiveness in risk taking that influence ROA. This study also finds negative relationships between risk management and bank’s performance in terms of ROA
Effects of accounting information on excess return using Fama and French three-factor model in order to examine capital market reaction due to dividend announcement

This paper discussed the effects of accounting information on the excess return of shari’ah stocks and conventional stocks using Fama and French Three Factor Model, and examined the reaction of the capital markets as a result of the dividend announcement. The results and data analysis had yielded 8 stock portfolios. It can be concluded that the AER variable movements had an immediate reaction to the movement, meaning that the dividend announcement brought the content of the information to the capital markets or it can be said that the Indonesian capital market conditions have started heading to a semi-strong form.
The Humoral Response in TCR α–/– Mice. Can γδ‐T Cells Support the Humoral Immune Response?

An optimal humoral response requires T‐cell help; however, it has been questioned if this help comes exclusively from αβ‐T cells or whether γδ‐T cells also contribute. We have attempted to answer this question by studying the humoral response in T‐cell receptor α‐chain knockout (α–/–) mice, which lack the αβT cell subset. Two model antigens were used to characterize the response: the thymus‐independent (TI) antigen native dextran B512 (Dx), and the thymus‐dependent (TD) antigen heat shock protein (HSP65) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. When challenged with Dx, the α–/– mice elicited a strong antibody response and formed rudimentary germinal centres (GCs), a T‐cell dependent reaction. In contrast, the humoral response to HSP65 was poor. However, α–/– mice became primed when challenged with HSP65, because when supplemented with wild‐type thymocytes, the antigen‐primed animals were able to mount a stronger response than the nonprimed ones when challenged with HSP65. A crucial step seems to be the collaboration between γδT cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs), as splenocytes from α–/– mice were able to respond to HSP65 in an environment containing primed‐APCs. Based on these results, we propose a model for B‐cell activation in the α–/– mice.
Do the Most Prominent Firms Really Make the Worst Deals? How Selection Issues Affect Inferences from M&A Studies

We find that established empirical relationships between acquisition announcement returns and acquirer characteristics are altered by accounting for the non-random nature of acquisition decisions and the resulting biases in empirical analysis. More specifically, negative relationships between returns and past acquisitive behavior, past stock performance, and size all vanish or reverse when accounting for this “selection bias”. Our tests use a two-stage selection model with two variables (tax sophistication, days since previous industry merger) that plausibly affect returns only through their impact on deal likelihood. This selection story explains why large, well-performing, frequent acquirers counterintuitively (and incorrectly) appear to make worse acquisitions than their peers.
The health and life path of rare disease patients: results of the 2015 French barometer

Purpose A barometer has been set up to provide better knowledge about the daily situation of French rare disease (RD) patients, their families and relatives, in order to contribute to the elaboration of improvement measures. This report focuses on the care and life path of RD patients. Patients and methods A preliminary survey was carried out with three patients, five parents and three RD experts to identify the main hurdles and disruptions in the life path of RD patients. It was used to design a larger survey comprising 60 questions as well as open fields allowing free expression. Respondents (448) comprised patients, parents of RD children and close relatives of patients. The Percentage of Maximum Deviation, Yates’ correction for continuity and Fisher’s test were employed to compare the responses between groups. Results Large disparities in the delays to obtain a diagnosis were identified (<1 year to >20 years), and longer delays were associated with negative perception of care conditions. While good interactions with education teams were reported (59% of respondents), the professional situation of both patients and parents was strongly and negatively impacted by the disease (51% did not work or stopped working). Three hundred respondents expressed various needs and psychological and personal issues were reported by 62% and 75% of respondents, respectively. Interestingly, the medical care path and daily life of RD patients were positively impacted by the follow-up in a specialized consultation, as reflected by changes in scores measured by our barometer (Fisher’s test, p<0.05). Conclusion Some of the main hurdles and sources of disruption in the life path of RD patients were identified, as well as some positive outcomes. These data could serve not only as a background for further studies, but also to better adapt the support to real needs and to improve the synergies between the many people involved in the life path of RD patients.
Low Back Pain in Pregnancy: Investigations, Management, and Role of Neuraxial Analgesia and Anaesthesia: A Systematic Review

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is commonly experienced during pregnancy and is often poorly managed. There is much ambiguity in diagnostic work-up, appropriate management and decision-making regarding the use of neuraxial analgesia and anaesthesia during labour and delivery in these patients. This systematic review summarises the evidence regarding investigations, management strategies and considerations around performing neuraxial blocks for pregnant women with LBP. Methods: We searched 3 databases and reviewed literature concerning LBP in pregnancy with regards to diagnostic modalities, management strategies and use of neuraxial techniques for facilitating labour and delivery. Results: In all, we included 78 studies in this review, with 32 studies concerning diagnostic investigations, 56 studies involving management strategies, and 4 studies regarding the use of neuraxial techniques for labour and delivery. Summary: MRI is the safest investigative modality for LBP in pregnancy. Antenatal educational programmes, exercise and steroid injections into the epidural space or sacroiliac joints may help with pain management. Worsening neurological deficits, vertebral fractures and tumours may need surgical management. There is limited evidence on challenges of performing neuraxial blocks in the peripartum period for analgesia and anaesthesia, but there is a potential for increased risk of neurological complications in parturients with pre-existing neurological deficits.
Physician opinions concerning legal abortion in Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract Since the decriminalisation of abortion in 2006, women in Colombia have continued to seek clandestine abortions, endangering their health and contributing to maternal mortality and morbidity. The goal of this study was to explore physicians’ opinions towards and knowledge about legal abortion in Bogotá, Colombia, and key barriers to the legal abortion access. We conducted 13 key informant interviews followed by a survey with a probability sample of 49 doctors working in public hospitals in Bogotá. Interview and survey data showed lack of technical experience in the provision of abortion and nuanced opinions towards its practice. Key informants described ignorance and lack of abortion training in medical schools as key barriers to provision. In the survey, 16/49 respondents had performed an abortion, 24/49 had referred a woman for an abortion and only 33/49 showed correct knowledge of the law.