Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanobiological Bone Reaction Quantified by Positron Emission Tomography

While nuclear medicine has been proven clinically effective for examination of the change in bone turnover as a result of stress injury, quantitative correlation between tracer uptake and mechanical stimulation in the human jawbone remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bone metabolism observed by 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography (PET) images and mechanical stimuli obtained by finite element analysis (FEA) in the residual ridge induced by the insertion of a removable partial denture (RPD). An 18F-fluoride PET/CT (computerized tomography) scan was performed to assess the change of bone metabolism in the residual ridge under the denture before and after RPD treatment. Corresponding patient-specific 3D finite element (FE) models were created from CT images. Boundary conditions were prescribed by the modeling of condylar contacts, and muscular forces were derived from the occlusal forces measured in vivo to generate mechanobiological reactions. Different mechanobiological stimuli, e.g., equivalent von Mises stress (VMS), equivalent strain (EQV), and strain energy density (SED), determined from nonlinear FEA, were quantified and compared with the standardized uptake values (SUVs) of PET. Application of increased occlusal force after RPD insertion induced higher mechanical stimuli in the residual bone. Accordingly, SUV increased in the region of residual ridge with higher mechanical stimuli. Thus, with SUV, a clear correlation was observed with VMS and SED in the cancellous bone, especially after RPD insertion (R2 > 0.8, P < 0.001). This study revealed a good correlation between bone metabolism and mechanical stimuli induced by RPD insertion. From this patient-specific study, it was shown that metabolic change detected by PET in the loaded bone, in a much shorter duration than conventional x-ray assessment, is associated with mechanical stimuli. The nondestructive nature of PET/CT scans and FEA could potentially provide a new method for clinical examination and monitoring of prosthetically driven bone remodeling.
Wide tunable dual-band reconfigurable antenna for future wireless devices

This paper presents a novel reconfigurable handset antenna for use in current and future wireless communication systems. The construction of the antenna is simple, allowing independent and versatile dual frequency and bandwidth reconfiguration, using simple external matching circuits. The antenna incorporates two metal elements which are capacitively coupled to excite resonant modes within the handset chassis. The antenna elements are located in close proximity to each other, and are connected via independent ports. The larger element is used to excite modes within the lowermost band of operation. The smaller element, on the other hand, excites resonances within the uppermost band. The matching circuit incorporates a pair of varactors and several fixed inductors. Simulations suggest that the antenna has a total tuning range of 2100 MHz (from 800 MHz to approximately 2900 MHz). In addition, the antenna is capable of operation as a penta-band cellular phone antenna. This kind of antenna is typically required to work within the GSM900, GPS1575, GSM1800, PCS1900 and UMTS2100 bands.
Molecular mechanism of action of selective estrogen receptor modulator in target tissues.

THE risk of cardiovascular disease steeply increases after menopause. Many epidemiological and basic studies have shown that estrogen has significant function in the vasculature preventing the primary development of cardiovascular disease in women [1, 2]. In the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) large prospective randomized controlled study, although women on the conjugated equine estrogen (CEE)-medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) arm had an increase in the relative risk of cardiovascular events and breast cancer [3], the more recent reports on women on CEE-only treatment arm did not show increased cardiovascular disease [4]. Thus, the cardioprotective effect of estrogen itself was not ruled out by the results of the WHI study. Recently, we reported that MPA attenuates the induction by estrogen of both eNOS activity and NO production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) [5]. Thus, it is possible that progestin has adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, there is a need for an ideal estrogen analog that does not require the addition of progestin to protect the uterine endometrium. Raloxifene is a nonsteroidal benzothiophene that has been classified as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) based on the fact that it exerts estrogen-agonistic effects on bone [6] and lipid metabolism [7] and estrogen-antagonistic effects on uterine endometrium [6] and breast tissue [8]. However, its ability to protect against cardiovascular disease has yet to be proven. In this article, we briefly review the biological effects of raloxifene on several organs, including the cardiovascular system, and summarize our recent data.
Reduced Life Expectancy in Rats After Neonatal Dexamethasone Treatment

The glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex) is widely used in preterm infants for the prevention of chronic lung disease. However, major concern has arisen about the long-term sequelae of this therapy. Here we report that neonatal treatment with dexamethasone significantly shortens the lifespan by 25% of male rats (28.6 ± 1.1 to 21.3 ± 0.8 mo) and by 18% of female rats (26.9 ± 1.8 to 22.0 ± 0.7 mo). Histopathological examination indicated end-stage cardiac and renal failure as the cause of premature death. Furthermore, Dex- treated rats showed symptoms of hypertension at young adult age, which worsened with increasing age. Thus, a brief period of glucocorticoid treatment during early life results in untimely death presumably due to cardiovascular and renal disease later in life. These serious, adverse long-term consequences call for prudence with glucocorticoid treatment of human preterm infants and careful follow-up of young adults with a history of neonatal glucocorticoid treatment.
Implementation of Electron–Phonon Scattering in a CNTFET Compact Model

This paper presents an extension of a ballistic compact model to the case of nonballistic transport for the conventional carbon nanotube FET featuring a MOSFET-like operation. A large part of the novelty lies on the analytical implementation of acoustic phonon (AP) and optical phonon (OP) scattering mechanism. To carry out this implementation, some simplifications of the theoretical description are proposed while staying as close as possible to physics and keeping the high-speed simulation and good convergence capability of the compact model. The compact model simulation results are systematically compared and validated with respect to nonequilibrium Green function simulation results. Then, we have investigated the impact of AP and OP scattering on transistor figures of merit. Taking into account the scattering processes is of utmost importance for both analog and digital circuit designs, since neglecting the scattering leads to an overestimation of more than 70% of the main figures of merit and will mislead designers when optimizing the operating point for analog applications.
Carbonic anhydrase IX correlates with survival and is a potential therapeutic target for neuroblastoma

Abstract Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is involved in pathological processes including tumorgenicity, metastases and poor survival in solid tumors. Twenty-two neuroblastoma samples of patients who were surgically treated at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf were evaluated immunohistochemically for expression of CAIX. Results were correlated with clinical parameters and outcome. Neuroblastoma Kelly and SH-EP-Tet-21/N cells were examined for CAIX expression and inhibited with specific inhibitors, FC5-207A and FC8-325A. 32% of neuroblastoma tumors expressed CAIX. This was significantly associated with poorer survival. Kelly and SH-EP-Tet-21/N cells showed a major increase of CAIX RNA under hypoxic conditions. Proliferation of Kelly cells was significantly decreased by CAIX inhibitors, FC5-207A and FC8-325A, while proliferation of SH-EP-Tet-21/N cells was only significantly affected by FC8-325A. CAIX is a potent biomarker that predicts survival in neuroblastoma patients. CAIX-targeted therapy in neuroblastoma cell lines is highly effective and strengthens the potential of CAIX as a clinical therapeutic target in a selected patient collective.
ORGANICS REMOVAL FROM ALUMINA INDUSTRIAL LIQUOR : APPLICATION OF THE CATALYTIC WET OXIDATION PROCESS TO NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC BAYER

The removal of organic compounds from alumina industrial liquor was studied using the catalytic wet oxidation process at low temperature and conditions favourable to the industry. In the catalytic wet oxidation of organics in the Bayer liquor, high molecular weight organics were decomposed to low molecular weight organics, carbon dioxide and water. The catalytic wet oxidation process exhibited significant oxidation of organics present in the liquor. Using the synthetic Bayer liquor, the wet oxidation of known model organic compounds was studied. The low temperature wet oxidation of low molecular weight organic compounds (sodium formate, acetate, malonate, and other organics) has been investigated in highly alkaline synthetic Bayer liquor. Only two of the compounds, sodium formate and sodium malonate, underwent appreciable wet oxidation in isolation under the reaction conditions such as temperature: 165oC, Oxygen pressure: 500 kPa, concentration of sodium hydroxide 4.4–7.0 M NaOH, reaction period: 2 h.
The English Special Hospital—A 12–17 Year Follow-up Study: A Comparison of Violent and Non-Violent Re-Offenders and Non-Offenders

As part of a more general follow-up study of men admitted to English special hospitals during the period 1961–65 and who left the hospitals before 1 January 1978, comparisons were made between those who subsequently were convicted of violent offences, those who offended non-violently, and those who did not offend at all. Pre-admission and post-discharge behaviour was examined and differences were found to exist between all three groups on a number of variables.
Systematic Review: Bridging the Gap in RPN-to-RN Transitions.

PURPOSE To review the evidence examining the influences of successful education and professional role transition for registered practical nurses (RPNs) pursuing a baccalaureate degree in nursing (BScN) and registered nurse (RN) licensure through RPN-to-RN bridging programs. DESIGN Systematic review of papers published between 1995 and 2014 that evaluated students' education and professional role transitions from RPN to RN. METHODS Thirty-nine papers were selected that observed or studied the change or transition in designation from RPN to RN, or its equivalent, through bridging programs and analyzed thematically according to Meleis, Sawyer, Im, Hilfinger Messias, and Schumacher's transition model. FINDINGS Personal, community, and social conditions related to preparation for entry, program enrolment, and postgraduate clinical integration influence successful education and professional role transitions for RPN-to-RN bridging students. CONCLUSIONS Providing key transition supports may enhance the potential for successful student transition into and throughout a bridging program, but further research is necessary to enhance this understanding and to recommend best practices for optimizing students' success. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The evidence from this review identifies facilitators and barriers to successful education and professional role transition for RPN-to-RN bridging students, and identifies important considerations for future research.
Efficacy of Zoledronic Acid and Pamidronate in Breast Cancer Patients: A Comparative Analysis of Randomized Phase III Trials

Results of a large, randomized, comparative phase III trial involving 1,130 breast cancer patients demonstrated that 4 mg zoledronic acid and 90 mg pamidronate were equally effective at reducing the occurrence and delaying the onset of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastases secondary to breast cancer. However, zoledronic acid has demonstrated a treatment advantage over pamidronate with respect to the proportion of patients receiving radiation therapy to bone. Moreover, among patients with at least one osteolytic lesion (N = 352), zoledronic acid achieved a 17% reduction in the proportion of patients with a skeletal-related event compared with pamidronate and significantly prolonged the time to first event. In general, zoledronic acid and pamidronate had comparable effects on time to progression of bone metastases, overall disease progression, pain and analgesia scores, and overall survival. Both zoledronic acid and pamidronate effectively suppressed markers of bone resorption. However, zoledronic acid demonstrated a greater and more sustained suppressive effect. Zoledronic acid (4 mg via 15-minute infusion) also demonstrated a safety profile similar to that of pamidronate (90 mg via 2-hour infusion). In summary, the increased efficacy of zoledronic acid in specific patient subsets and the convenience of a 15-minute infusion suggest that 4 mg zoledronic acid has advantages over 90 mg pamidronate for treatment of bone metastases in patients with breast cancer.
Psychometric Testing of the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS): A New Pain Scale for Military Population.

OBJECTIVE The Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS 2.0) is a pain assessment tool that utilizes a numerical rating scale enhanced by functional word descriptors, color coding, and pictorial facial expressions matched to pain levels. Four supplemental questions measure how much pain interferes with usual activity and sleep, and affects mood and contributes to stress. METHODS Psychometric testing was performed on a revised DVPRS 2.0 using data from 307 active duty service members and Veterans experiencing acute or chronic pain. A new set of facial representations designating pain levels was tested. RESULTS Results demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.871) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.637 to r = 0.774) for the five items. Excellent interrater agreement was established for correctly ordering faces depicting pain levels and aligning them on the pain intensity scale (Kendall's coefficient of concordance, W = 0.95 and 0.959, respectively). Construct validity was supported by an exploratory principal component factor analysis and known groups validity testing. Most participants, 70.9%, felt that the DVPRS was superior to other pain rating scales. CONSCLUSION The DVPRS 2.0 is a reliable and valid instrument that provides standard language and metrics to communicate pain and related outcomes.
Change in cognitive function by glucose tolerance status in older adults: a 4-year prospective study of the Rancho Bernardo study cohort.

BACKGROUND A few studies have examined change in cognitive performance by diabetes status with disparate results. We examined the 4-year change in cognitive performance among older adults according to glucose tolerance status. METHODS Three cognitive tests (Mini-Mental State Examination, Verbal Fluency [VF] test, and Trail-Making Test B) were measured 4 years apart in 999 white men and women aged 42 to 89 years, who were enrolled in the Rancho Bernardo Study. Participants were classified with normal (NGT), impaired (IGT) or diabetic glucose tolerance. Sex-specific linear regression models adjusted for age, education, depression score, apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele, and current estrogen use. We checked for mediation by further adjusting for total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; blood pressure; glycohemoglobin level; and microalbuminuria, retinopathy, stroke, or coronary heart disease. RESULTS At baseline, mean cognitive function scores did not differ between glucose tolerance groups. Women with diabetes mellitus had a 4-fold increased risk of a major cognitive decline on the VF test after 4 years compared with nondiabetic women. After multivariate adjustment, VF test scores at follow-up for women were 15.2 +/- 0.6 for those with diabetes, 16.7 +/- 0.4 for those with IGT, and 17.2 +/- 0.2 for those with NGT (P =.007). Glycohemoglobin attenuated this effect, but lipid levels, blood pressure, and microvascular or macrovascular disease did not. Performance on Mini-Mental State Examination and Trail-Making Test B did not differ by baseline glucose status. CONCLUSIONS Elderly white women with diabetes had a more rapid decline in performance on the VF test compared with women with IGT or NGT. Better glucose control might ameliorate this decline.
Deriving overtaking strategy from nonlinear model predictive control for a race car

Car racing control is often assumed to take place in isolation, although the greatest strategic challenges arise in the presence of other cars. Our solution uses a combined nonlinear system model which includes the four-wheeled vehicle dynamics model and point-mass model of its opponent car. This proposed combined model allows the optimal control scheme to automatically find an overtaking strategy. The FORCES code generation tool to handle the consequent computational complexity of the Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC). We demonstrate the practicality of the suggested method by performing real-time control in a racing simulation software.
Proteomic and PROTEOMEX profiling of mammary cancer progression in a HER‐2/neu oncogene‐driven animal model system

The prevention of mammary carcinoma by immunological strategies targeting the HER‐2/neu receptor has proved to be effective in preclinical models. Thus, a well‐characterized HER‐2/neu oncogene‐driven mammary carcinogenesis model was analysed by various profiling strategies following “triplex” vaccination to identify new candidate targets for breast cancer immunoprevention. 2‐DE‐based proteomic profiling of preneoplastic and tumour lesions versus normal and aged mammary tissue demonstrated that tumour progression was associated with an up‐regulation of molecular chaperones including glucose‐regulated protein (GRP)78 and of proteins favouring cell motility, which was in line with the corresponding transcriptomic profiling data. Furthermore, PROTEOMEX analyses suggested that naturally induced autoantibody responses occur during early phases of mammary cancer progression. Most of the cancer progression‐induced antibodies targeted proteins of normal and preneoplastic mammary glands. However, three proteins were only recognized by sera obtained from vaccinated mice, including 2 isoforms of annexin A6. The distinct expression patterns for annexin A6 and GRP78 during tumour progression were further verified by western blot and/or immunoprecipitation. In addition, an inhibitor‐mediated blockade of GRP78 expression in a model cell line caused a reduced cell growth. Thus, the proteome‐based approaches applied in the murine BALB‐NeuT model might indeed provide candidates for immunoprevention strategies in breast cancer.
Alcohol dependence and suicide-related ideation/behaviors in an Israeli household sample, with and without major depression.

BACKGROUND Suicide-related ideation and behaviors (SRIB) are associated with both alcohol disorders and major depressive disorder (MDD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of alcohol dependence (AD) and major depression to the risk for lifetime SRIB. METHODS Data from a community-based sample of 1,237 adult Israeli lifetime drinkers assessed with reliable diagnostic measures were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS Lifetime SRIB was reported in 4.7% and was more prevalent among participants with AD (9.0%) than among those without AD (4.1%); p-value = 0.01. Although both AD and major depression were associated with SRIB (AD: OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.4; MDD: OR 11.4, 95% CI = 6.4 to 20.4), joint analysis showed that AD without MDD increased risk for SRIB as compared to those without AD or MDD (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 9.1), but AD did not increase risk among those with MDD (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.4 to 2.7). Among those with AD, the severity of subclinical depressive symptoms was associated with increased SRIB. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that AD increases risk for SRIB among individuals without a history of major depression. Suicidal tendencies may be undetected and underdiagnosed in this group because of the absence of major depression and therefore left untreated. These findings should be considered when adopting suicide prevention or treatment strategies for this high-risk subpopulation.
Human OLA1 Defines an ATPase Subfamily in the Obg Family of GTP-binding Proteins*

Purine nucleotide-binding proteins build the large family of P-loop GTPases and related ATPases, which perform essential functions in all kingdoms of life. The Obg family comprises a group of ancient GTPases belonging to the TRAFAC (for translation factors) class and can be subdivided into several distinct protein subfamilies. The founding member of one of these subfamilies is the bacterial P-loop NTPase YchF, which had so far been assumed to act as GTPase. We have biochemically characterized the human homologue of YchF and found that it binds and hydrolyzes ATP more efficiently than GTP. For this reason, we have termed the protein hOLA1, for human Obg-like ATPase 1. Further biochemical characterization of YchF proteins from different species revealed that ATPase activity is a general but previously missed feature of the YchF subfamily of Obg-like GTPases. To explain ATP specificity of hOLA1, we have solved the x-ray structure of hOLA1 bound to the nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue AMPPCP. Our structural data help to explain the altered nucleotide specificity of YchF homologues and identify the Ola1/YchF subfamily of the Obg-related NTPases as an exceptional example of a single protein subfamily, which has evolved altered nucleotide specificity within a distinct protein family of GTPases.
The role of awareness of repetition during the development of automaticity

Investigation into the influence of contextual information on performance of an automatic task has found inconsistent results. The majority of studies have investigated whether changing the context of a simple cognitive task can inhibit an automatic response, but do not review whether context can help the development of automatic responding. The current study examined whether bringing awareness to the context of a simple numerosity task could aid the development of automaticity. It also examined whether participants were aware of when automaticity developed for them via a post-test interview. The numerosity task used in this study was a simple counting task requiring a numerosity response to stimuli presented on a computer screen, like that used in Lassaline and Logan (1993). Thirty-four participants were divided into an experimental group (n=17) and a control group (n=17), and completed 30 blocks of 18 trials on the simple counting and numerosity task. The experimental group was provided with the information that the stimuli repeat many times over practice in the written instructions before beginning the task. The results showed no significant differences in the way automatic processing developed between groups. Similarly participants were not aware of when the transition from controlled to automatic processing developed. These results have theoretical and practical implications for instance theory and learning of basic mathematical