Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of None-Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-Infected Adults in Arba Minch General Hospital, Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

Background: Non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a major challenge to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) care. For Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) to be effective, high level of adherence is required. In spite of this, there is no information on determinant none-adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the study area; therefore this study was conducted to identify predictors of none-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Arba Minch General Hospital. Methods: Unmatched case-control study design was employed on 115 case and 347 controls. Non-adherence to ART is considered as case and adherence to ART is taken as control. Data was collected by using a structured pre-tested questionnaire and by using data abstraction format from ART registration chart. Binary logistic regression analysis was calculated to assess the presence and degree of association between dependent and independent variables; finally multivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent factors for none adherence. Result: From interviewed respondent majority of respondent 304(65.8%) were females and the rest 158(34.2%) were males. From all respondent 209(45%) were in age group 30-39 years. Factors like rural residence 6.30(3.01-13.15), PLWHA who has no family and community support 1.92(1.05-3.51), mobile phone adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.20(1.15-3.44)), alcohol drinker 5.88(2.86-12.09), malnutrition 2.83(1.18-6.77) and who consume low dietary diversity 7.18(3.43-15.04) and CD4 Count <250 cells/mm3 2.18(1.05-4.50) are the major identified significant factors for none adherence to ART treatment in the study area. Conclusion and recommendation: PLWHA, who has no family and community support, rural residence, not utilized mobile phone, alcohol drinker, under nutrition, who consume low dietary diversity and those with low CD4 count are major significant determinant factors for non-adherence to ART treatment. Therefore, the capacity to effectively manage the above critical factor is crucial in the success of antiretroviral therapy.
Qualitative Research in Sport Management: Case Study as a Methodological Approach

This paper presents qualitative research in sport management and suggests that case study is an appropriate qualitative methodology for research and practice in sport finance. The purpose of qualitative methodology is presented along with the process of a case study. The intention of this paper, for academicians working in sport management, is twofold. The first aspect is for researchers to consider using qualitative case study methodology in instances where such practice will progress the knowledge and understanding of specific situations while invoking a deeper response to research questions. The second facet of this paper focuses on the framework of case study methodology, as applied to a research project in the field of sport finance. Keywords: Qualitative, case study, sport management, finance, ticket pricing, baseball.
Bayes one-sample and one-way random effects analyses for 3-D orientations with application to materials science

We consider Bayes inference for a class of distributions on orien- tations in 3 dimensions described by 3 3 rotation matrices. Non-informative priors are identied and Metropolis-Hastings within Gibbs algorithms are used to generate samples from posterior distributions in one-sample and one-way random eects models. A simulation study investigates the performance of Bayes analyses based on non-informative priors in the one-sample case, making comparisons to quasi-likelihood inference. A second simulation study investigates the behavior of posteriors for some informative priors. Bayes one-way random eect analyses of orientation matrix data are then developed and the Bayes methods are illustrated in a materials science application.
Mudflat soil amendment by sewage sludge: Soil physicochemical properties, perennial ryegrass growth, and metal uptake

Abstract The fast pace of cropland loss in China is causing alarm over food security and China’s ability to remain self-reliant in crop production. Mudflats after organic amendment can be an important alternative cropland in China. Land application of sewage sludge has become a popular organic amendment to croplands in many countries. Nevertheless, the land application of sludge to mudflats has received little attention. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to investigate the impact of sewage sludge amendment (SSA) at 0, 30, 75, 150 and 300 t ha−1 rates on soil physicochemical properties, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) growth and heavy metal accumulation in mudflat soil. The results showed that the application of sewage sludge increased organic matter (OM) content by 3.5-fold while reducing salinity by 76.3% at the 300 t ha−1 rate as compared to unamended soil. The SSA reduced pH, electric conductivity (EC) and bulk density in mudflat soil, increased porosity, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium ions (K+), sodium ions (Na+), calcium ions (Ca2+) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) in comparison to unamended soil. There were 98.0, 146.6, 291.4 and 429.2% increases in fresh weight and 92.5, 132.4, 258.6 and 418.9% increases in dry weight of perennial ryegrass at 30, 75, 150, and 300 t ha−1, respectively, relative to unamended soil. The SSA increased metal concentrations of aboveground and root parts of perennial ryegrass (p < 0.05). The metal concentrations in perennial ryegrass were Zn > Cr > Mn > Cu > Cd > Ni, and the metal concentrations in roots were significantly higher than aboveground parts. The metal accumulation in perennial ryegrass correlated positively with sludge application rates and available metal concentrations in mudflat soil. Land application of sewage sludge was proved to be an effective soil amendment that improved soil fertility and promoted perennial ryegrass growth in mudflat soil. However, heavy metal accumulation in plants may cause food safety concern.
General view on the progress in nuclear fission : a review

An overview is given on some of the main advances in experimental methods, experimental results and theoretical models and ideas of the last years in the field of nuclear fission. New approaches extended the availability of fissioning systems for experimental studies of nuclear fission considerably and provided a full identification of all fission products in A and Z for the first time. In particular, the transition from symmetric to asymmetric fission around 226 Th and some unexpected structure in the mass distributions in the fission of systems around Z = 80 to 84 as well as an extended systematics of the odd-even effect in fission fragment Z distributions have been measured. Three classes of model descriptions of fission presently appear to be the most promising or the most successful ones: self-consistent fully quantum-mechanical models, stochastic models, and a new semi-empirical model description. The first ones are the only ones that fully consider the quantum-mechanical features of the fission process. Unfortunately, the most advanced models in nuclear physics that have been developed for stationary states are not readily applicable to the decay of a meta-stable state. Intense efforts are presently made to develop suitable theoretical tools. Moreover, the technical application of the most advanced models is heavily restricted by their high demand on computer resources. Stochastic models provide a fully developed technical framework. The 1 main features of the fission-fragment mass distribution were well reproduced from mercury to fermium and beyond. However, the limited computer resources still impose severe restrictions, for example on the number of collective coordinates. In an alternative approach, considerable progress in describing the ob-servables of low-energy fission has been achieved by exploiting powerful theoretical ideas based on fundamental laws of mathematics and physics. This approach exploits (i) the topological properties of a continuous function in multidimensional space, (ii) the separability of the influences of fragment shells and macroscopic properties of the compound nucleus, (iii) the properties of a quantum oscillator coupled to the heat bath of the other nuclear degrees of freedom for describing the fluctuations of normal collective modes, and (iiii) an early freeze-out of collective motion to consider dynamical effects. This new approach reveals a high degree of regularity and allows calculating high-quality data that are relevant for nuclear technology without specific adjustment to experimental data of individual systems.
Developmental changes in application of the majority rule in group decisions

This study examined age-related changes in the child's application of the principle of majority rule in group decisions. Following a problem posed by Moessinger (1981), we enquired whether children routinely apply the majority rule when the majority consists of a shifting (variable) set of members across decisions, and alternate between majority and minority when the majority and minority is fixed, i.e. consists of the same individuals each time. In Geneva, Moessinger found that 8-year-olds failed to discriminate between fixed and shifting majorities, while most 13-year-olds (75 per cent) did so. An altered replication was conducted in Australia modifying Moessinger's procedure to control for extraneous variables such as ‘set’ and the need for variety in choice. It was found that on the task 7 per cent of 8-year-olds, 20 per cent of 10-year-olds, 32 per cent of 12-year-olds, and 39 per cent of 14-year-olds discriminated on a behavioural criterion between fixed and shifting majorities. Ten per cent of 8-year-olds, 40 per cent of 10-year-olds, 52 per cent of 12-year-olds, and 55 per cent of 14-year-olds made the discrimination on Moessinger's cognitive ‘reason’ criterion. The results show that development of the conceptual distinction between fixed and shifting majorities is gradual and continuous.
Multiclass Domain Generalization

Domain generalization is the problem of assigning labels to an unlabeled data set, given several similar data sets for which labels have been provided. In this work, we consider a kernel-based algorithm for domain generalization that was developed in the binary setting. In particular, we show that the generalization error bound for this algorithm extends to the multi-class setting. Our main contribution includes generalization error bound and scalable implementation of the approach. We demonstrate improved performance with respect to a pooling strategy on four data sets.
zinc concentration values for 118 channel samples along horizontal drift . Sampling interval

Existing sampling techniques applied within known orebodies, such as sampling along mining drifts, yield element concentration values for larger blocks of ore if they are extended into their surroundings. The resulting average concentration values have relatively small “extension variance”. These techniques can be used for multifractal modeling as well as ore reserve estimation approaches. Geometric probability theory can aid in local spatial covariance modeling. It provides information about increase of variability of element concentration over short distances exceeding microscopic scale. In general, the local clustering of ore crystals results in small-scale variability known as the “nugget effect”. Parameters to characterize spatial covariance estimated from ore samples subjected to chemical analysis for ore reserve estimation may not be valid at local scale because of the nugget effect. The novel method of local singularity mapping applied within orebodies provides new insights into the nature of the nugget effect. Within the Pulacayo orebody, Bolivia, local singularity for zinc is linearly related with logarithmically transformed concentration value. If there is a nugget effect, moving averages resulting from covariance models or estimated by other methods that have a smoothing effect, such as kriging, can be improved by incorporating local singularities indicating local element enrichment or depletion. Although there have been many successful applications of the multifractal binomial/ p model, its application within the Pulacayo orebody results in inconsistencies, indicating some shortcomings of this relatively simple approach. Local singularity analysis and universal multifractal modeling are two promising new approaches to improve upon results obtained by commonly used geostatistical techniques and use of the binomial/ p model. All methods in this paper are illustrated using a single example (118 Pulacayo zinc values), and several techniques are applied to other orebody datasets (Whalesback copper deposit, Witwatersrand goldfields and Black Cargo titanium deposit). Additionally, it is discussed that nugget effects exist in a binary series of alternating mostly gneiss and metabasite previously derived from KTB borehole velocity and lithology logs, and within a series of 2796 copper concentration values from this same drillhole.
, MD a Pivotal study of Optoacoustic imaging to Diagnose Benign and Malignant Breast Masses : A New Evaluation Tool for Radiologists 1

398 radiology.rsna. org n Radiology: Volume 287: Number 2—May 2018 1From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (E.I.N.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208042, New Haven, CT 06520-8042 (R.B.); Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (C.A.Y.); Radiology Imaging Associates/Invision Sally Jobe, Englewood, Colo (L.D.B.); Solis Mammography Greensboro, Greensboro, NC (M.L.B.); Weinstein Imaging Associates, Pittsburgh, Pa (M.B.V.); Elizabeth Wende Breast Care, Rochester, NY (S.D.); Breast Care Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga (P.D.); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (S.R.G.); Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (J.K.); UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex (K.A.K.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham, Mass (P.T.L.); Department of Radiology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC (E.V.M.); Breastlink Temecula Valley, Murrieta, Calif (T.M.P.); Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Boca Raton, Fla (K.J.S.); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, Va (F.L.T.); and Department of Radiology, The UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (B.E.D.). From the 2017 RSNA Annual Meeting. Received September 25, 2017; revision requested October 16; revision received and final version accepted November 13. Address correspondence to R.B. (e-mail: reni.butler@yale.edu).
Testing the Immediate and Long-Term Efficacy of a Tier 2 Kindergarten Mathematics Intervention

ABSTRACT This study examined the efficacy of a kindergarten mathematics intervention program, ROOTS, focused on developing whole-number understanding in the areas of counting and cardinality and operations and algebraic thinking for students at risk in mathematics. The study utilized a randomized block design with students within classrooms randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions. Measures of mathematics achievement were collected in the fall (pretest) and spring (posttest) in kindergarten and in the winter of first grade (delayed posttest). Significant differences between conditions favoring treatment students were found on four of six measures at posttest. Treatment students reduced the achievement gap with their not-at-risk peers. No effect was found on follow-up first-grade achievement scores. Implications for Tier 2 mathematics instruction in a Response to Intervention model are discussed.
Why Do Unionized Workers Have More Nonfatal Occupational Injuries?

Most empirical studies have estimated a positive union–nonunion “injury gap,” suggesting that unionized workers are more likely than their nonunion counterparts to have a nonfatal occupational injury. Using individual-level panel data for the first time in this type of study, the author explores several explanations for this puzzling result. He finds that controlling for time-invariant individual fixed effects already reduces the gap by around 40%. Some of the explanations he studies contribute to reducing this gap even further. The author does not, however, find evidence of the gap becoming negative, and the impact of unions on nonfatal injuries appears to be insignificant at best.
Pediatric and Adolescent Malignant Ovarian Tumors: Mansoura 5 - Year Experience

Hematology/Oncology/BMT Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. 3 Department of Surgical Oncology, Mansoura International Hospital, Egypt. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. 5 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. Department of Surgical Oncology, Mansoura University Oncology Center, Mansoura, Egypt.
Experimental assessment of analytical holding times for nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives in soil

Abstract : A study was conducted to experimentally evaluate the maximum acceptable pre-extraction analytical holding, times (MHTs) for three nitroaromatic compounds and two nitramines in soil. Three spiked soils and a field-contaminated soil were utilized in the study.Analytes investigated were HMX, RDX, TNB, TNT and 2,4-DNT, all at the low microgram/gram level. Subsamples of each soil were extracted with acetonitrile in an ultrasonic bath after being held for periods of 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days at either room temperature (22 deg C), under refrigeration (2 deg C) or frozen (-15 deg C). Extracts were analyzed by RP-HPLC. The two nitramines, HMX and RDX, were stable over the entire period for all soils under all storage temperatures. For the three nitroaromatics (TNB, TNT and 2,4-DNT) the results were very different, in that all three analytes rapidly degraded in spiked soils at room temperature, more slowly degraded under refrigerator temperature and remained quite stable when frozen. Of the three, TNB degraded most rapidly, followed by TNT and 2,4-DNT. The degradation at room temperature and in the refrigerator was much faster for one soil than for the others. Even when frozen there was a small loss of 2,4-DNT in the soil showing the most rapid degradation. For the field-contaminated soil, the nitroaromatics were much more stable, even at room temperature, although some degradation occurred. Because of the large stability difference between fortified and field-contaminated soils, the efficacy of using fortified soils to estimate -MHTs is discussed. When frozen, an MHT of eight weeks is recommended. Analyte holding time, Nitramine explosives, Nitroaromatic explosives, Soil contamination.
Studies on the phytochemistry, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties of Cassia occidentalis L.

Antibiotic resistance has become a global concern. Antibiotics exist in indispensable for today’s pharma medical market. Despite that their usage is become increasingly restricted. The reason being attributed largely to the development of drug resistance among microorganisms. In addition to that, the phenomenon is coupled by the toxicity possessed by many of the conventionally prescribed antimicrobials, warranting a search for newer antimicrobial agents. In view of increasing resistance to existing antimicrobial agents, herbal drugs looked as very important source for treating various microbial infections. There has been worldwide move towards the use of traditional medicines due to concern over the more invasive, expensive, potentially toxic main stream practices. Numerous studies have identified compounds with in herbals that are effective antibiotics. The pathogenic microbial agents less susceptible to regular antibiotics and the rising trend in the recovery rates or resistant bacteria highlight the need for newer alternative principles. This present study is aimed to investigate phytochemical, Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of various parts of medicinal plants.
OBSERVATION OF THE TeV GAMMA-RAY SOURCE MGRO J1908+06 WITH ARGO-YBJ

The extended gamma-ray source MGRO J1908+06, discovered by the Milagro air shower detector in 2007, has been observed for ∼4 years by the ARGO-YBJ experiment at TeV energies, with a statistical significance of 6.2 standard deviations. The peak of the signal is found at a position consistent with the pulsar PSR J1907+0602. Parameterizing the source shape with a two-dimensional Gauss function, we estimate an extension of σext = 0. °49 ± 0. °22, which is consistent with a previous measurement by the Cherenkov Array H.E. S.S. The observed energy spectrum is dN/dE = 6.1 ± 1.4 × 10−13 (E/4 TeV)−2.54 ± 0.36 photons cm−2 s−1 TeV−1, in the energy range of ∼1–20 TeV. The measured gamma-ray flux is consistent with the results of the Milagro detector, but is ∼2–3 times larger than the flux previously derived by H.E. S.S. at energies of a few TeV. The continuity of the Milagro and ARGO-YBJ observations and the stable excess rate observed by ARGO-YBJ and recorded in four years of data support the identification of MGRO J1908+06 as the steady powerful TeV pulsar wind nebula of PSR J1907+0602, with an integrated luminosity over 1 TeV ∼ 1.8 times the luminosity of the Crab Nebula.
A GENERALIZED PARTIAL CREDIT MODEL: APPLICATION OF AN EM ALGORITHM

The Partial Credit model with a varying slope parameter has been developed, and it is called the Generalized Partial Credit model. The item step parameter of this model is decomposed to a location and a threshold parameter, following Andrich's Rating Scale formulation. The EM algorithm for estimating the model parameters was derived. The performance of this generalized model is compared with a Rasch family of polytomous item response models based on both simulated and real data. Simulated data were generated and then analyzed by the various polytomous item response models. The results obtained demonstrate that the rating formulation of the Generalized Partial Credit model is quite adaptable to the analysis of polytomous item responses. The real data used in this study consisted of NAEP Mathematics data which was made up of both dichotomous and polytomous item types. The Partial Credit model was applied to this data using both constant and varying slope parameters. The Generalized Partial Credit model, which provides for varying slope parameters, yielded better fit to data than the Partial Credit model without such a provision. Index terms: item response model polytomous item response model the Partial Credit model the Rating Scale model the Nominal Response model NAEP