Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimación y control del error de discretización en el método hp de elementos finitos

Desde el punto de vista del numero de grados de libertad necesarios para alcanzar una precision dada, la forma mas eficiente para controlar el error de discretizacion de una solucion de elementos finitos es un refinamiento hp-adaptativo, Con este tipo de estrategia de refinamiento se combina la capacidad de aislamiento de los puntos singulares inherentes al metodo h, con la mayor velocidad de convergencia del error que presenta el metodo p en dominios la solucion es suave. El resultado es una velocidad de convergencia del error exponencial para cualquier problema si la malla se optimiza convenientemente. Sin embargo, pocos codigos comerciales ofrecen capacidad para refinamientos p-adaptativos y practicamente ninguno para refinamientos hp-adaptativos. Las causas pueden estar en la mayor dificultad para estimar el error de discretizacion con suficiente fiabilidad en el metodo p, especialmente a nivel local, y en la complejidad asociada a cualquier estrategia de refinamiento hp, principalmente por la estructura de datos necesaria. Con el fin de mejorar la estimacion y control del error en la version hp del MEF, en esta tesis se revisan las tecnicas existentes actualmente y se propone un estimador del error y una estrategia de refinamiento hp para problemas elastoestaticos lineales en dominios bidimensionales. Los metodos propuestos son poco costosos computacionalmente, presentando la ventaja de no necesitar de varios analisis para utilizar tecnicas de extrapolacion, ni de estimaciones de la intensidad de las singularidades o de la velocidad de convergencia. El estimador del error que se propone es una extension del de Zienkiewicz-Zhu con una correccion local en funcion del grado polinomico de los elementos. El campo mejorado de tensiones se obtiene resolviendo un problema complementario en cada elemento. La estrategia de refinamiento hp propuesta utiliza la ley de convergencia a priori del error para optimizar la discreti
Lung recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome and facilitating resolution

ObjectivesTo summarize the possible ways that acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) lungs can be recruited and to present the experimental and clinical results of these maneuvers, along with the possible effects on patient outcome. Data SourcesSelected published medical literature from 1972 to 2002 and personal observations. Data SummaryIn the experimental setting, repeated derecruitments accentuate lung injury during mechanical ventilation, whereas open lung concept strategies can attenuate lung injury. In the clinical setting, recruitment maneuvers that use a continuous positive airway pressure of 40 cm H2O for 40 secs improve oxygenation in patients with early ARDS who do not have an impairment in the chest wall. High intermittent positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), intermittent sighs, or high-pressure controlled ventilation improves short-term oxygenation in ARDS patients. Both conventional and electrical impedance thoracic tomography studies indicate that high airway pressures increase the lung volume and recruitment percentage of lung tissue in ARDS patients. To sustain the recruited ARDS lungs, it is important to maintain adequate PEEP levels. High PEEP/low tidal volume ventilation was seen to reduce inflammatory mediators in both bronchoalveolar lavage and plasma, compared with low PEEP/high tidal volume ventilation, after 36 hrs of mechanical ventilation in ARDS patients. Recruitment maneuvers that used continuous positive airway pressure levels of 35–40 cm H2O for 40 secs, with PEEP set at 2 cm H2O above the Pflex (the lowest inflection point on the pressure-volume curve), and tidal volume <6 mL/kg were associated with a 28-day intensive care unit survival rate of 62%. This contrasted with a survival rate of only 29% with conventional ventilation (defined as the lowest PEEP for acceptable oxygenation without hemodynamic impairment with a tidal volume of 12 mL/kg), without recruitment maneuvers (number needed to treat = 3;p < .001). ConclusionsHigh airway pressures can open collapsed ARDS lungs and partially open edematous ARDS lungs. High PEEP levels and low tidal volume ventilation decrease bronchoalveolar and plasma inflammatory mediators and improve survival compared with low PEEP/high tidal volume ventilation. In the near future, thoracic computed tomography associated with high-performance monitoring of regional ventilation (electrical impedance tomography) may be used at the bedside to determine the optimal mechanical ventilation of ARDS patients.
Sensory imagery in advertising: How the senses affect perceived product design and consumer attitude

ABSTRACT Research in sensory marketing provides evidence for the significant potential of sensory imagery to create sensory consumer experiences. Particularly in the context of food and beverage advertising, the targeted appeal of the senses through sensory imagery appears to be promising. However, research gaps remain concerning the concrete effect sizes of sensory appeals and possible mediators such as perceived product design. This paper aims to close these gaps by focusing on two different research issues. First, it investigates the effects of sensory imagery on marketing-related key performance indicators (i.e., sensory perception, perceived product design, and attitude) using analysis of variance. Further, the paper examines underlying causal relationships between these potential market success factors by applying partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings support the usefulness of sensory imagery in advertisements, as it appears to be a valuable approach to address specific senses and to positively affect consumer perception. Moreover, the results reveal a causal chain of several direct and indirect effects between relevant performance indicators. Implications for marketing managers can be derived from this research on how to design powerful advertisements and effectively appeal to all five human senses by relying on sensory imagery.
[8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine as a marker of DNA oxidative stress in individuals with combined familiar hyperlipidemia].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To compare 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) value as an indicator of oxidative stress situation between healthy and familial combined hyperlipidemic (FCH) subjects as a mixed dislipidemia with insulin resistance model and early coronary heart disease, and to study its relationship with clinical-biologic parameters of insulin resistance. SUBJECTS AND METHOD 40 non-related FCH patients (15 women) and 20 normolipidemic and nondiabetic healthy subjects (8 women) were studied. Clinical, anthropometric and biochemical parameters (lipidic profile, glucemia, insulinemia and 8-oxo-dG) were measured in fasting state in all. RESULTS Both groups had similar age, body mass index blood pressure and waist perimeter values. Insulin and 8-oxo-dG values were significantly higher in FHC subjects. These differences were maintained after correcting by waist perimeter. 8-oxo-dG correlated positively with insulin and trygliceride; and negatively with high density lipoprotein cholesterol in FCH subjects. CONCLUSIONS Insulin values are independently correlated with oxidative stress degree measured as 8-oxo-dG.
Modélisation fluide du transport magnétisé dans les plasmas froids

Les connaissances sur le sujet du transport magnetise n'ont que tres peu evolue dans le domaine des plasmas froids depuis les annees 1960 et ne suffisent plus pour expliquer le comportement complexe du plasma que l'on rencontre dans les sources magnetisees basse-pression actuellement en developpement. Les theories et les methodes developpees pour l'etude du transport magnetise dans le cadre de la recherche sur la production d'energie par fusion thermonucleaire sont inadaptees pour decrire la dynamique non-ambipolaire de ces plasmas. En effet, dans ces sources, les ions ne sont que faiblement magnetises, les collisions avec les neutres influencent significativement le transport tandis que les parois, puits a particules omnipresents, controlent les profils d'equilibres. Pour repondre a cette problematique, cette these revisite la modelisation des plasmas froids et propose un nouveau modele fluide decrivant le transport magnetise dans le plan perpendiculaire au champ magnetique. Nous adressons la complexite de ce transport a travers l'elaboration d'un modele fluide 2D1/2et de son schema numerique, sans approximation d'ordering entre les longueurs caracteristiques du plasma magnetise (i. E. La dimension du plasma L, les libres parcours moyens lambda i,e et les rayons de Larmor ioniques et electroniques rho Li,e). Les equations sont resolues dans le plan perpendiculaire au champ magnetique ou les asymetries et les inhomogeneites representatives du transport magnetise apparaissent, tandis que les conditions aux limites (paralleles et transverses) sont derivees de la theorie classique de gaine. La consideration de l'inertie des particules permet de plus de capturer la dynamique transitoire du plasma ainsi que certains types d'instabilites. Le modele, supportant une large gamme de topologies et d'intensites de champ magnetique, est applique aux configurations de deux sources d'ions negatifs. Les asymetries et inhomogeneites observees experimentalement sont reproduites et, dans une geometrie representant la Scrape-of-Layer des tokamaks, le modele est capable de simuler la turbulence d'interchange qui domine le transport perpendiculaire du plasma de bord.
Impedance design of cooking appliances with multilayer induction-efficient cookware

Multi-layer and multi-material induction cookware has become a standard among manufactures due to its superior cooking performance and efficiency. Resonant converters are usually adopted to achieve an optimal power transfer at high supply frequency so that the load impedance modeling becomes of great importance. In this work a coupled finite element-circuit model of an induction-efficient appliance including a multi-layer pan is proposed. Equivalent circuit parameters, extracted from the FEM model, can be used when designing resonant converters. The frequency-behavior of the load impedance at the inductor terminals is analyzed for different types of materials and layer arrangements in the typical operating range (20-100 kHz).
Current Rectification by Pauli Exclusion in a Weakly Coupled Double Quantum Dot System

We observe spin blockade due to Pauli exclusion in the tunneling characteristics of a coupled quantum dot system when two same-spin electrons occupy the lowest energy state in each dot. Spin blockade only occurs in one bias direction when there is asymmetry in the electron population of the two dots, leading to current rectification. We induce the collapse of the spin blockade by applying a magnetic field to open up a new spin-triplet current-carrying channel.
Zoom and whirl: Eccentric equatorial orbits around spinning black holes and their evolution under gravitational radiation reaction

We study eccentric equatorial orbits of a test-body around a Kerr black hole under the influence of gravitational radiation reaction. We have adopted a well established two-step approach: assuming that the particle is moving along a geodesic (justifiable as long as the orbital evolution is adiabatic) we calculate numerically the fluxes of energy and angular momentum radiated to infinity and to the black hole horizon, via the Teukolsky-Sasaki-Nakamura formalism. We can then infer the rate of change of orbital energy and angular momentum and thus the evolution of the orbit. The orbits are fully described by a semilatus rectum p and an eccentricity e. We find that while, during the inspiral, e decreases until shortly before the orbit reaches the separatrix of stable bound orbits [which is defined by p(s)(e)], in many astrophysically relevant cases the eccentricity will still be significant in the last stages of the inspiral. In addition, when a critical value p(crit)(e) is reached, the eccentricity begins to increase as a result of continued radiation induced inspiral. The two values p(s), p(crit) (for given e) move closer to each other, in coordinate terms, as the black hole spin is increased, as they do also for fixed spin and increasing eccentricity. Of particular interest are moderate and high eccentricity orbits around rapidly spinning black holes, with p(e)approximate top(s)(e). We call these "zoom-whirl" orbits, because of their characteristic behavior involving several revolutions around the central body near periastron. Gravitational waveforms produced by such orbits are calculated and shown to have a very particular signature. Such signals may well prove of considerable astrophysical importance for the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna detector.
Chapter 2: Trust in Health Information Sources and Channels, Then and Now: Evidence from the Health Information National Trends Survey (2005–2013)

Abstract Purpose: Previous research has found that people’s trust in a source of information affects whether they will expose themselves to information from that source, pay attention to that source, and the likelihood that they will act on the information obtained from that source. This study tracked trends in levels of trust in different health information sources over time and investigated sociodemographic predictors of trust in these sources. Methodology/Approach: Data were drawn from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of adults in the USA. Weighted percentages, means, and standard errors for trust in health information sources were computed using data from four iterations of the survey (2005, 2009, 2012, and 2013). Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were employed to investigate associations between sociodemographic variables and level of trust in health information sources using HINTS 2013 data. Findings: Trend analyses revealed declining trust in “traditional” mass media channels, such as television and radio, for health information and consistently high trust in interpersonal sources, like physicians, over the past decade. Regression analyses showed that those with more education (ORs 2.93–4.59, p < 0.05) and higher incomes (ORs 1.65–2.09, p < 0.05) were more likely to trust the Internet for health information than those with less education and lower incomes. Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics were more likely to trust mass media channels in comparison to Non-Hispanic Whites (ORs 1.73–2.20, p < 0.05). Implications: These findings can be used to inform the strategic selection of channels for disseminating health information to certain demographic groups.
Contribuições da estratégia Atenção Integrada às Doenças Prevalentes na Infância ao acolhimento de crianças menores de cinco anos

Objective: To describe the contribution of a shelter-based integrated management of childhood illnesses program for children under the age of five years from a family health unit. Methods: The study was descriptive. Data were collected from 30 children by a nurse and two licensed practical nurses through participant observation using a guide and field diary. Results: The three themes identified were: communication and promotion of bond; anamnese, clinical assessment, and problem solving, which showed that clinical assessment was the focus of nursing contribution; and utilization of the growth curve and assessment of eating habits need to be further explored. In addition to the children’s chief complaints, there were opportunities for identification of needed care priorities and other health problems. Conclusion: The shelter-based integrated management of childhood illnesses program contributed to the interdisciplinary work in providing adequate care to the sample of children who participated in this study.
Diet and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. An Italian case–control study

The relation between diet and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer was analysed in a case–control study conducted in North‐East Italy between 1996 and 1999. Cases were 132 patients (including 33 women), with incident, histologically confirmed cancer of the oral cavity or pharynx, and controls were 148 subjects (including 45 women) admitted to hospitals for acute conditions unrelated to smoking or alcohol drinking. After allowance for tobacco, alcohol and several other potential confounding factors, significant inverse association with the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer was found for consumption of total green vegetables (OR 0.37) and total fruit (OR 0.34) with significant trends in risk. Compared with alcohol drinkers of < 20 drinks/week and eating > 13 portions/week of total green vegetables, the OR for drinkers of ≥ 20 drinks/week and eating < 7 portions/week of green vegetables was 15.44. Our study provides further support to the beneficial effect of high intake of vegetables and fruit, particularly in heavy smokers and alcohol drinkers.
Clinicopathological Significance of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with High Prevalence of CD44+/CD24-/lowTumor Cells in Breast Cancer

+/CD24 -/low immunoprofile may have the ability to cause breast cancer. We studied these cells and their clinicopathological significance. Methods : The clinicopathologic findings of 100 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cases and 45 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases were reviewed. CD44 + /CD24 -/low tumor cells were identified by immunohistochemistry, and their clinicopathological implications in IDC and DCIS were analyzed. Results : IDC with a high prevalence of CD44 + /CD24 -/low tumor cells was significantly associated with larger mass, higher grade, estrogen receptor (ER) negativity, and tumor cells with a higher frequency of metastasis. The proportion of CD44 + /CD24 -/low tumor cells in IDC, and its DCIS components was not significantly different, whereas the proportion of CD44 + /CD24 -/low tumor cells was higher in DCIS than in the DCIS component of IDC (p < 0.001). Conclusions : IDC with a high prevalence of CD44 + /CD24 -/low tumor cells might correlate with aggressive features, such as ER and higher grades. Moreover, the proportion of CD44 + /CD24 -/low tumor cells in the DCIS components of IDC and DCIS might harbor different biology, which may lead to differences in cancer progression and early carcinogenesis.
Study of a passenger-taxi queueing system with nonzero matching time

In this paper, we study a passenger-taxi queueing systems in which nonzero matching time is considered. We assume that passengers and taxi drivers who arrive at a taxi station independently form two queues, and the waiting space for taxis is limited. We use a two-dimensional Markov process to model the system. By using matrix-analytic method, we give a sufficient condition that ensures the existence of steady-state probabilities and present an algorithm to calculate the joint steady-state probabilities. Further, we consider the tail distributions of sojourn times of passengers and taxi drivers, which can be computed by algorithms we present in this paper. And by running Matlab programs, we give the numerical results about the performance measures of the system.
Self-Monitoring and Advertising: Evaluations of Image- versus Quality-Oriented Advertisements for Public/Private and Public Luxury/Necessity Products

SCHROTH, ERIN Self-Monitoring and advertising: Evaluations of imageversus quality-oriented advertisements for public/private and public luxury/necessity products. Department of Psychology, June 2011. ADVISOR: Kenneth DeBono High self-monitors tend to prefer image-oriented advertisements, whereas low self-monitors favor quality-oriented advertisements. Past research has found that image congruence had a stronger affect on product evaluations of high self-monitors relative to low self-monitors for public products, while this effect did not emerge for private products. Study 1 extended these findings by examining the effect of self-monitoring and public/private products on evaluations of imageversus quality-oriented advertisements. The participants were shown two sunglasses (public product) advertisements and two toilet paper (private product) advertisements; for each product, one advertisement was image-oriented and was quality-focused. The participants completed two questionnaires—one for each product type—and the self-monitoring scale. Study 2 employed a similar method but extended the self-monitoring propensity to different public products: Ice cream (luxury product) and a winter coat (necessity product). Past findings suggest that high self-monitors are influenced more when considering luxury, rather than necessity, products. Although not significant, analyses of Study 1 showed that high self-monitors preferred the image-oriented sunglasses advertisement, while low selfmonitors preferred the quality-focused sunglasses advertisement. Both high and low selfmonitors preferred the quality-oriented toilet paper advertisement. Although also not significant, the results of Study 2 illustrated that high self-monitors preferred the imagefocused advertisement for both the luxury and necessity advertisements more than low SELF-MONITORING AND ADVERTISING iii self-monitors. The results of both studies confirm that high self-monitors prefer imageoriented advertisements for public products more than low self-monitors. Possible limitations and future research directions are discussed.
Oestrogen withdrawal associated psychoses

Objective: Oestrogen withdrawal has been hypothesized as playing a causal role in puerperal psychoses. However, oestrogen withdrawal exists in conditions others than puerperium. We searched the published case reports where a decrease in oestrogen levels not occurring during puerperium was associated with a psychotic disorder, in order to evaluate the relevance of this hypothesis. These cases were defined as oestrogen withdrawal associated psychoses.
Microfinance Products and Socio-Economic Growth of Entrepreneurs in Uganda: A Case of Entrepreneurial Clients of Pride Microfinance

This study investigated the contribution of microfinance products towards the socio-economic growth of entrepreneurs in Uganda, using a case study of the entrepreneurial clients of Pride Microfinance Limited, Jinja Branch. The investigation was prompted by the question as to why small scale entrepreneurs continue to be financially vulnerable, with slow rates of growth and limited improvements in the standards of living despite the presence of many Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Uganda. The objectives of the study were: to examine the contribution of loan products towards socio-economic growth of the clients; to establish the contribution of saving products towards socio-economic growth of the entrepreneurial clients and to establish the contribution of Money Transfer products towards the socio-economic growth of the entrepreneurial clients of Pride Microfinance in Jinja Municipality. The study was conducted using a cross sectional survey research design and a total of 77 respondents took part in the study. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides and analyzed with the aid of SPSS software version 16. The study findings revealed that loan products have had a small percentage contribution (12%) to the socio-economic growth of the entrepreneur clients. The contribution of the saving products and money transfer services are of a significant value in as far as they make easy the flow of money among the targeted clients most of whom are entrepreneurs. It was concluded that the microfinance products offered by Pride Microfinance have the potential to translate into a significant improvement in the socio-economic growth attained by the targeted clients. The study recommended that Microfinance Institutions should make their services more accessible and friendly to the clients.