Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Dysfunctional Internet Use: The Role of Age, Conscientiousness, and Internet Literacy in Internet Addiction and Cyberbullying

Internet addiction IA and cyberbullying CB represent two examples of dysfunctional Internet use DIU which are accompanied by negative consequences. In terms of prevention, the training of technical and reflective skills Internet literacy will be discussed with regard to these patterns. This study investigates the role of age, conscientiousness, and Internet literacy on IA symptoms and the participation in CB. Analyses reveal that positive attitudes towards online production and interaction and lower self-regulative skills can be associated with severe IA symptoms. Cyberbullies display less skills in reflecting on Internet content and also prove to have less self-regulative skills. Younger and less conscientious individuals are more likely to use the Internet dysfunctionally. Furthermore, significant correlations between experiences as a cyberbully and IA symptoms were found. In conclusion, the authors suggest that current media/Internet literacy curricula should be complemented by teaching reflective and regulative skills to prevent Internet users from negative consequences.
[Diagnostic values of plasma CD64 and sTREM-1 for pediatric pneumonia].

OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic values of plasma CD64 and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) in children with pneumonia. METHODS Sixty children with pneumonia between August 2014 and October 2015 were classified into bacterial pneumonia group (25 cases), viral pneumonia group (17 cases), and Mycoplasma pneumonia group (18 cases) according to their clinical manifestations, pathogen cultures, and X-ray findings. Another 30 healthy children who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The concentrations of CD64 and sTREM-1 in blood samples were determined using ELISA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of plasma CD64 and/or sTREM-1 for bacterial pneumonia. RESULTS The expression of CD64 and sTREM-1 in the bacterial pneumonia group was significantly higher than that in the viral pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumonia, and control groups (P<0.05). The areas under the ROC curves of CD64, sTREM-1, and a combination of the two markers for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia were 0.878, 0.805, and 0.956, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CD64 for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia were 81.30% and 92.32%, respectively, when the cut-off value was 641 pg/mL. The sensitivity and specificity of sTREM-1 for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia were 78.65% and 84.67%, respectively, when the cut-off value was 1 479 pg/mL. The sensitivity and specificity of a combination of the two markers for diagnosing bacterial pneumonia were 93.15% and 91.54%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Plasma CD64 and sTREM-1 can be used as markers for diagnosing pediatric bacterial pneumonia, and a combination of the two markers results in better diagnosis.
Impact of Cable Twist Pitch on $T_{cs}$ -Degradation and AC Loss in $\hbox{Nb}_{3}\hbox{Sn}$ Conductors for ITER Central Solenoids

The performance of four Nb3Sn conductors for the ITER central solenoids was tested. The current sharing temperatures (Tcs) were measured over approximately 9000 electromagnetic cycles, including two or three thermal cycles between 4.2 K and room temperature. Tcs increased and became almost constant through the cycling. The gradient of the electric field against the temperature gradually decreased against cycling. The degradations caused by the electromagnetic force of the short twist pitch conductors were smaller than that of the original twist pitch conductor. The ac losses of short twist pitch conductors were several times higher than that of original twist pitch conductor. The dents and the removals of the Cr plating on the strands, which were formed during cabling, decreased the electric resistance between strands, which may cause the observed high ac loss. Inspection of the cable showed neither a clear bias of cable in the cross-sectional surface nor distorted strands in the lateral face. The high rigidity of the short twist pitch cable could prevent these plastic deformations, caused by the Lorentz force.
Feeding of Clay Materials as Mycotoxin Binder to Aflatoxin Fed Broiler Chicks

Aflatoxin (AF) (0.5ppm) and Clay Material as Mycotoxin Binder (CMMB) (0.5, 0.75 and 1%) were tested In an in vivo study forming 8 dietary treatments each with three replicates on a total of 336 on broiler chicks up to five weeks. Results showed that chicks receiving AF contaminated feed had suppressed body weight which significantly improved with inclusion of CMMB. Supplementation of CMMB at 0.75 and 1% to the diets containing AF significantly (9.97 and 9.15% respectively) improved the feed consumption. Efficiency of feed utilization which has decreased significantly with addition of 0.5 pm AF, were improved with inclusion of CMMB. The relative weights of liver (19.56%) and kidney (18.38%) which increased significantly with addition of 0.5ppm AF were improved with dietary inclusion of 0.75 and 1% CMMB. Compared with control, relative weights of gizzard and pancreas were not affected either in AF fed or control groups. The relative thymus (38.99%) and bursal (31.36%) weights were significantly lower at 0.5ppm inclusion of AF. The thymus and bursal weights were not altered by supplementation of CMMB compared to control diets. Relative weigh of spleen was not affected either in AF fed or CMMB supplemented groups. The serum antibody titers against ND and IBD vaccination which were significantly depressed by AF, were restored with the inclusion of 1% CMMB. The serum concentration of total protein (38.37%) uric acid and albumin were not affected either in AF fed or CMMB supplemented groups. The activity of serum GGT significantly increased in AF fed group and the addition of CMMB did not show significant reduction in activity of serum GGT. Compared with control, activity of serum ALT was not affected either in AF, control or CMMB supplemented groups.
Concentration in survival times and longevity: The log-scale-location family of failure time models

Evidence suggests that the significantly higher life expectancy levels witnessed over the past centuries are associated with a lower concentration of survival times, both cross-country and over time. The purpose of this work is to study the relationships that exist among models for the evolution of survival distributions, longevity measures, and concentration. We first study relationships between concentration and cohort longevity through empirical comparisons. We then propose a family of survival models that can be used to capture such trends in longevity and concentration across survival distributions.
Reimagining the food system, the economy, and urban life: new urban chicken-keepers in US cities

Since the mid-nineteenth century, poultry and livestock animals have increasingly been seen as out of place in, and excluded from, modern United States cities. Yet, since 2000, increasing numbers of urban residents have begun keeping chickens and other small livestock in backyards. Through an analysis of the re-emergence of this practice in Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington, we show that chicken-keepers are not raising chickens simply to save money or to pursue an eccentric hobby, but rather as an explicit effort to promote and enact alternative urban imaginaries. Such imaginaries make possible alternative practices, and in turn, the performance of everyday practices reshapes urban imaginaries. In interviews, participants critique the industrial food system, urban economies and social life, and “think differently” about human-animal relations and productive animals in cities. Through chicken-keeping practices, they establish sustainable backyard agro-ecosystems, build sociability, resist consumerism, and work simultaneously to improve the life and health of animals, humans, and the urban environment.
Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1: oral features in 12 patients submitted to clinical and radiographic examination.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the oral features in individuals with oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD 1), previously diagnosed by the Genetic Sector of the Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo (HRAC-USP). DESIGN Twelve patients with OFD 1 were examined clinically and radiographically; their medical files were also evaluated. RESULTS Associated oral malformations were observed in all patients (100%). The most frequent findings were tongue hamartomas, multiple buccal frena, asymmetric lips, asymmetric tongue, and bilateral maxillary gingival swelling. Interestingly, atrophy of the maxillary midline frenum was also observed in all the individuals examined. CONCLUSIONS Several extra and intraoral alterations were observed in patients with OFD 1. The authors suggest the inclusion of atrophy of the maxillary midline frenum as a commonly found characteristic of OFD 1.
Peginterferon-α2a (40 kDa) for chronic hepatitis C

Pegylated IFN-α2a (PEG-IFN-α2a [40 kDa]; Pegasys®, Hoffmann-La Roche) is a new subcutaneous formulation of IFN-α2a, produced by its attachment to a 40 kDa branched polyethylene glycol moiety by a stable amide bond. PEG-IFN-α2a 180 μg once-weekly has enhanced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties which translate into significantly improved efficacy and similar safety and tolerability compared with IFN-α in patients with chronic hepatitis C even with underlying cirrhosis. The combination of PEG-IFN-α2a (40 kDa) plus ribavirin produces significantly better sustained virological responses than the combination of IFN-α2b and ribavirin, while it is accompanied by a similar or even lower incidence of adverse events and better quality of life. PEG-IFN-α2a (40 kDa) is the first pegylated IFN-α for which evidence-based recommendations can be made on optimum therapy duration and ribavirin dose according to HCV genotype. PEG-IFN-α2a (40 kDa) is expected to improve the efficacy and tolerability of treatment for chronic hepatitis C.
β-Propiolactone/Ultraviolet Irradiation: A review of Its Effectiveness for Inactivation of Viruses in Blood Derivatives

: The efficacy of combined beta-propiolactone/ultraviolet irradiation (betaPL/UV) for inactivation of hepatitis B virus in labile blood derivatives has been reviewed. The initial evaluations of these procedures were hampered by inadequate process control that resulted in excessive protein denaturation; furthermore, adequate evaluation of process efficacy for virus inactivation was prevented by the absence of titered hepatitis virus stocks, the lack of an animal model, and the failure to carry out controlled trials. Finally, it was not appreciated that the power of these procedures lay especially in their use in combination. These deficits have now been remedied. To permit quantitation of process efficacy, a regression analysis of the relation between virus dose and incubation period in chimpanzees has been carried out. This has provided a means of estimating virus titer and determining the accuracy of such estimates. The most recent data suggest that betaPL/UV can reduce the titer of hepatitis B virus about 10 million fold (10(-7)). The process efficacy for betaPL/UV followed by the special adsorption procedures used in preparation of a stabilized human serum containing most human serum proteins except for factor VIII, the factor IX complex, fibrinogen, and the lipoproteins was estimated as a 10(8)-fold reduction in virus titer. This degree of virus inactivation should be more than sufficient to sterilize the amounts of hepatitis B virus that could be expected in pooled human plasma that has been screened for hepatitis B surface antigen. Preliminary data also suggest that the betaPL/UV procedure effectively inactivates non-A, non-B hepatitis virus(es).
Adverse drug events in intensive care units: Risk factors, impact, and the role of team care

Advances in diagnostic tests, technological interventions, and pharmacotherapy have resulted in spectacular results for many intensive care unit (ICU) patients who, in earlier generations, would have succumbed to their critical illness. At the same time, the complexity and intensity of care required for ICU patients is also associated with greater risks for harm resulting from care. As in other inpatient areas, medications are the most common type of therapy in ICUs and are also associated with the most frequent type of ICU adverse events. Critically ill patients are at high risk for adverse drug events for many reasons, including the complexity of their disease that creates challenges in drug dosing, their vulnerability to rapid changes in pharmacotherapy, the intensive care environment providing ample distractions and opportunity for error, the administration of complex drug regimens, the numerous high-alert medications that they receive, and the mode of drug administration. The clinical outcomes of adverse drug events can result in end-organ damage and even death. The costs of an adverse drug event can be substantial to healthcare systems with an additional $6,000–$9,000 for each event. The multiprofessional patient care team is one approach to promoting patient safety in the ICU.
PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS’ VULNERABILITY IN THE WAKE OF THE SEPTEMBER 11TH TERRORIST ATTACKS

The September 11, 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks led to speculation about the vulnerability of psychiatric patients to psychological distress following such events. This study examined the impact of national terrorist attacks on psychiatric and medical outpatients living approximately 150 to 200 miles from the attack sites (N = 308). Two to 3 weeks following 9/11, patients were given questionnaires assessing background information, healthcare service utilization, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Psychiatric patients (33%) were significantly more likely than medical patients (13%) to report distressing symptoms meeting criteria for PTSD (except for the duration criterion) despite no differences in learning about the attacks or personal involvement with the victims. Patients meeting PTSD criteria were more likely to schedule an appointment to speak with their physician about their reactions. Psychiatric patients not directly impacted by the 9/11 terrorist attacks are at increased risk for experiencing distressing symptoms following national terrorist attacks.
Comparison of Carbamazepine and Lithium in the Prophylaxis of Bipolar Disorders

Background This meta-analysis assessed the equipotency of carbamazepine and lithium prophylaxis in bipolar disorder. Method We selected only randomised, double-blind, controlled studies comparing carbamazepine with lithium from a manual and computerised search, and subjected them to a quality inventory. Their statistical results were weighted by their quality score and combined. Results. Four studies met our criteria, yielding, overall, P = 0.15. This result is not straightforward because the studies showed significant heterogeneity (P < 0.01). Conclusion Differences in statistical power and sensitivity of outcome measure explain this heterogeneity and the conflicting results of the studies. Therefore, the prophylactic efficacy of carbamazepine remains questionable.
Evaluating the effectiveness of child and adolescent group treatment: a meta-analytic review.

Utilizing 56 outcome studies published between 1974 and 1997, this meta-analysis specifically examines the effect of group treatment with children and adolescents (ages 4-18). Various types of group treatment were assessed, including preventative programs, psychotherapy, counseling, guidance, and training groups. Results indicate that group treatment was significantly more effective for children than wait-list and placebo control groups (effect size = .61). That is, the average child or adolescent treated by group treatment is better off than 73% of those in control groups. This meta-analysis strengthens and supports conclusions in the current literature and challenges others regarding the treatment of children and adolescents by group treatment. For instance, allegiance of the experimenter, setting of the therapy, socioeconomic status of the patient, and publication year of the study were variables that were significantly related to improvement, whereas diagnosis, content and source of the outcome measure were unrelated to improvement.
Structures of the Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol Anchors of Porcine and Human Renal Membrane Dipeptidase

The glycan core structures of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors on porcine and human renal membrane dipeptidase (EC 3.4.13.19) were determined following deamination and reduction by a combination of liquid chromatography, exoglycosidase digestions, and methylation analysis. The glycan core was found to exhibit microheterogeneity with three structures observed for the porcine GPI anchor: Manα1-2Manα1-6Manα1-4GlcN (29% of the total population), Manα1-2Manα1-6(GalNAcβ1-4)Manα1-4GlcN (33%), and Manα1-2Manα1-6(Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4)Manα1-4GlcN (38%). The same glycan core structures were also found in the human anchor but in slightly different proportions (25, 52, and 17%, respectively). Additionally, a small amount (6%) of the second structure with an extra mannose α(1-2)-linked to the non-reducing terminal mannose was also observed in the human membrane dipeptidase GPI anchor. A small proportion (maximally 9%) of the porcine GPI anchor structures was found to contain sialic acid, probably linked to the GalNAc residue. The porcine GPI anchor was found to contain 2.5 mol of ethanolamine/mol of anchor. Negative-ion electrospray-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of exclusively diacyl-phosphatidylinositol (predominantly distearoyl-phosphatidylinositol with a minor amount of stearoyl-palmitoyl-phosphatidylinositol) in the porcine membrane dipeptidase anchor. Porcine membrane dipeptidase was digested with trypsin and the C-terminal peptide attached to the GPI anchor isolated by removal of the other tryptic peptides on anhydrotrypsin-Sepharose. The sequence of this peptide was determined as Thr-Asn-Tyr-Gly-Tyr-Ser, thereby identifying the site of attachment of the GPI anchor as Ser. This work represents a comprehensive study of the GPI anchor structure of porcine membrane dipeptidase and the first interspecies comparison of mammalian GPI anchor structures on the same protein.
Telomerase activity, telomere length and hTERT DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from monozygotic twins with discordant smoking habits

Increased telomerase expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and, since the primary cause of lung cancer is smoking, an association between telomerase reactivation and tobacco smoke has been proposed. In this work an investigation has been performed to assess the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and telomerase activity (TA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy smokers. The methylation status of the catalytic subunit of telomerase hTERT was concurrently investigated to assess the possible association between epigenetic modifications of hTERT and TA. Besides, the association between smoke and telomere length (TL) has been evaluated. Healthy monozygotic twins with discordant smoking habits were selected as study population to minimize inter‐individual differences because of demographic characteristics and genetic heterogeneity. Statistically significant higher values of TA and TL were observed in smokers compared to nonsmoker co‐twins. The multivariate analysis of data showed, besides smoking habits (P = 0.02), an influence of gender (P = 0.006) and BMI (P = 0.001) on TA and a borderline effect of gender (P = 0.05) on TL. DNA methylation analysis, focused on 100 CpG sites mapping in hTERT, highlighted nine CpG sites differentially methylated in smokers. When co‐twins were contrasted, selecting as variables the intra‐twin difference in TA and hTERT DNA methylation, a statistically significant inverse correlation (P = 0.003) was observed between TA and DNA methylation at the cg05521538 site. In conclusion, these results indicate an association of tobacco smoke with TA and TL and suggest a possible association between smoke‐induced epigenetic effects and TA in healthy smokers. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:551–559, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Composition and species diversity of small mammals in the hilly tracts of southeastern Rajasthan

The Aravalli range diagonally bisects the state of Rajasthan and this oldest Archaean rock formation is also spread in southern and southeastern Rajasthan. The latter zone is an conglomeration of Aravallis, Vindhyans and Deccan trap and it has undergone a change in landuse pattern, from forest to irrigated crop land, during recent years. Studies were taken up in this biologically interesting hilly tract to investigate the spatial diversity of small mammals as practically no information exists on this aspect. Small mammals were trapped in 35 habitats at 11 locations during 1997-99 and 386 individuals belonging to 15 species were collected in 5210 trap days. On an overall basis, the house shrew, Suncus murinus was found to be the most abundant small mammal in all habitats at all localities. Another commensal mammal, the house rat, Rattus rattus predominated in crop fields along with the mesic species like Millardia meltada, Golunda ellioti and Bandicota bengalensis. However, the typical faunistic element of hills, the rock rat, Cremnomys cutchicus occurred in low numbers in the Vindhyan scrap and Deccan trap due to presence of cracks and crevices which are its preferred ecological niche. Six mice species preferred the Vindhyan scrap as 62 per cent of them occurred in this rock formation. Among the four rock types, Aravallis, Vindhyan scrap, Vindhyan plains and Deccan trap; the Vindhyans were the most occupied as well as species rich rock type. Among the habitats, cropfields and scrubland were most diversified (a diversity 3.17 and 2.66 respectively) and species rich habitats. The impact of transformation of forests into irrigated crop field is evident due to a significantly higher frequency of occurrence of commensal small mammals in croplands apparently due to relatively superior soil moisture regime, food resource and shelter.
Regional correlation of macular areas and visual acuity in patients with open‐angle glaucoma

a case of post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis (P = 0.503). In the multivariate analysis, no potentially modifiable risk factors were identified to increase postintravitreal injection endophthalmitis. This survey sought to establish some of the practices of Victorian ophthalmologists who perform intravitreal injections to treat neovascular AMD, mainly in their private rooms. Although no potentially modifiable risk factors are identified for post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis, some trends are shown. Of particular interest are the trends for those who see more patients and those who do not use a drape, and while these two factors are not linked, it is not possible to hypothesize whether ‘time’ is a factor. Major limitations of this study include the potential low number of responses, volunteer bias with an underparticipation of those who may have had endophthalmitis and the retrospective design. The authors are pleased to report that current practices in Victoria are consistent with current evidence. We thank all those who participated and believe that the information from this survey explores and helps ophthalmologists to keep thinking about potentially modifiable risk factors for optimal management in the prevention of post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis.