Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managing Supply in the On-Demand Economy: Flexible Workers, Full-Time Employees, or Both?

The rise of the blended workforce, which is identified as one of the top current workplace trends, is prompting firms to reevaluate their staffing strategies. A blended workforce melds as a deliberate business strategy flexible workers (for example, independent contractors or freelancers) with full-time employees. Because flexible workers are free to determine their own work schedules, the supply (total number of workers) is uncertain. In “Managing Supply in the On-Demand Economy: Flexible Workers, Full-Time Employees, or Both? ,” Dong and Ibrahim examine the optimal staffing strategy for flexible workers and full-time employees to effectively balance operating costs, time variability in customer demands, and supply-side uncertainty while not compromising on the quality of service offered to customers. This work gleans insights on the appropriateness of alternative workforce models, which are especially relevant for the gig economy.
Crystal structure of 4,6-diamino-2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile

The title pyrimidine derivative, C7H8N4S, is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.029 (2) Å from the mean plane of the non-H atoms. In the crystal, molecules are linked by an intermolecular bifurcated N—H⋯N hydrogen bond between the cyano N atom and the two amino groups, an N—H⋯N hydrogen bond between the two amino groups and a weak C—H⋯π interaction, forming a three-dimensional network.
Semantic Search in the Remote Associates Test

Searching through semantic memory may involve the use of several retrieval cues. In a verbal fluency task, the set of available cues is limited and every candidate word is a target. Individuals exhibit clustering behavior as predicted by optimal foraging theory. In another semantic search task, the remote associates task (RAT), three cues are presented and a single target word has to be found. Whereas the task has been widely studied as a task of creativity or insight problem solving, in this article, the RAT is treated as a semantic retrieval task and assessed from the perspective of information foraging theory. Experiments are presented that address the superadditive combination of cues and the anti-clustering behavior in the recall sequence. A new type of search behavior in the RAT is put forward that involves maximizing the difference in activation between target and distractors. This type of search is advantageous when the target is weak and cue patches are contaminated with strong competitors.
Reproducibility testing of RAPD and SSR markers in Tomato Rajput

Large no of PCR-based techniques can be used to detect polymorphisms in plants. For their wide-scale usage in germplasm characterization and breeding it is important that these marker technologies can be exchanged between laboratories, which in turn require that they can be standardized to yield reproducible results, so that direct collation and comparison of the data are possible. This article describes a network experiment involving screening of 60 RAPD primers and was used to confirm the reproducibility. Every experiment was performed 50 times by 10 candidates in which the reproducibility of two popular molecular marker techniques was examined: random-amplified fragment length polymorphism (RAPD), and sequence-tagged micro satellites (SSR). For each technique, an optimal system was chosen, which had been standardized and routinely used by one individual. This system (genetic screening package) was distributed to different candidates in the laboratory and the results obtained were compared with those of the original generator or sender. Different experiences were gained in this exchange experiment with the different techniques. RAPDs proved difficult to reproduce. Whilst SSR alleles were amplified by all candidates, but small differences in their sizing were obtained.
Simulation of 210 Pb and 7 Be scavenging in the tropics by the LMDz general circulation model

Article history: Received 8 March 2013 Received in revised form 29 June 2013 Accepted 1 July 2013 A new formulation of aerosol scavenging by convective precipitations, consistent with the Emanuel convective mass-flux scheme, is implemented into the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique general circulation model, LMDz. The aerosols Pb and Be are used as inert tracers to evaluate LMDz performance in terms of atmospheric transport in the tropics. Wind fields are calculated over 2007 in a regular grid with a resolution of 1.875° in longitude, 1.24° in latitude and 40 vertical levels. The first part of the paper addresses the sensitivity of LMDz simulations to convective schemes and to scavenging parameterizations. Results are analyzed at two tropical stations and one mid-latitude station by comparing simulated aerosol concentrations with available data, collected at surface stations. On a daily scale, the observed variations of concentrations are poorly reproduced by any considered model at both tropical stations. Nevertheless, fluctuations at timescales longer than a few days may be captured over periods of a few weeks to a few months by the new formulation. The second part of this paper focuses on the new implemented parameterization of convective scavenging. The objective is to interpret mismatches of simulated concentrations with observed data and to determine which transport mechanisms are responsible for peaks of Be concentrations recorded at tropical stations. Typical meteorological situations in Polynesia are analyzed in view of convective transport and scavenging of Be. In particular, the sensitivity to the location of the South Pacific Convergence Zone is examined on concentrations in Polynesia. Results demonstrate that Be plumes are brought downward in the middle atmosphere by large-scale subsidence associated to the subtropical jet, in a 35°–25°S band. At surface, Be plumes are associated either to shallow convection or to deep convection with moderate precipitations. Within moderate convective events, surface concentrations are enhanced by surface release due to re-evaporation of precipitations. Most Be surface plumes reaching the Polynesian stations are produced locally in the neighborhood of stations and advected over one or two days by surface large-scale winds. The largest mismatches may be attributed to uncertainties in the simulation of precipitations within deep convective cloud systems that develop along troughs. © 2013 Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Open access under CC BY-NC-SA license.
Prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy in children with diabetes A population‐based study on Finnish children

Abstract. The prevalence of retinopathy in children with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied in a population‐based survey on 194 of the 216 subjects (89.8%) with IDDM aged 4.6 to 16.6 years living in the county of Oulu, Finland. The diagnosis of retinopathy was based on fundus photography. The median age of the children was 12.2 years and the median duration of diabetes 4.5 years (range 0–14.2 years). Retinopathy was found in 21 (10.8%) of cases. All of the changes seen were mild and did not require treatment. All the children with retinopathy were pubertal or postpubertal, and an association was found between the presence of retinopathy and the long‐term diabetes control, duration of diabetes, age and albuminuria. Logistic regression analysis showed increasing duration of diabetes, puberty and elevated blood glycated haemoglobin to be the main risk factors explaining the occurrence of retinopathy. In patients aged 13–16 years retinopathy was also related to female sex and diastolic blood pressure, but in logistic regression analysis duration of diabetes and glycated haemoglobin were the best predictors.
EQUILIBRIA FOR A CLASS OF NON-LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL GAMES IN RESOURCE ECONOMICS By

The purpose of this paper is to develop an algorithm to solve a non-linear-quadratic differential game and to explicitly determine the (non-linear) feedback equilibrium strategies. In particular we consider a class of non-linear differential games that is often encountered in problems of environmental and resource management. At the first stage we analyse, as a benchmark, the cooperative outcome and the open-loop equilibria of the non-linear differential game. At the second stage we construct a procedure to determine the feedback equilibrium strategies numerically. The procedure makes use of the sufficient conditions for optimality in the Hamiltonian representation of the problem. Finally, an application to the shallow-lake non-linear differential game is given.
Health Risk Assessment of Dermal Exposure to Heavy Metals Content of Chemical Hair Dyes

Background: Contamination of hair dyes to heavy metals can threaten consumer’s health. We investigated the concentrations of some important heavy metals in hair dyes and evaluates their non-carcinogenic effects. Methods: The most commonly used hair dyes were determined through questioners and 32 samples were collected from the market of Tehran in 2014. The concentration of 10 heavy metals (Fe, Ag, Co, Cr, Mn, Ba, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Al) was determined using ICP-MS. Based on the obtained data from distributed questionnaires and Monte Carlo simulation, the exposure to the evaluated heavy metals was estimated. Besides, using hazard quotient (HQ) and chronic hazard (HI), the risk of non-carcinogenic effects of investigated hair dyes consumption was specified. Results: Results indicated the average concentrations of Al, Ba, and Fe as 0.54, 0.86, and 1.19 mg kg−1 and those of Cd, Cu, and Pb as 0.45, 61.32, and 185.34 μg kg−1, respectively. Pb with HQ of 7.46e-4 had the highest risk and Fe with HQ of 3.4e–6 had the lowest level of risk. Among the investigated dyes, the ones made by Iran (HI=2.8e–4) and the dark brown color (HI=1.93e–4) had the highest level of risk among all the studied samples. Conclusion: Two indices of HI and HQ showed that heavy metal contents in the investigated samples had not probable non-carcinogenic risks for the consumers of these products.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of electrodeposited Al

Nanostructured Al1 xMnx/Al1 yMny multilayers were deposited from room temperature ionic liquid using galvanostatic control at various current densities and electrolyte compositions. By tuning the deposition parameters, multilayers with both micrometer and nanometer layer thicknesses were synthesized, with modulation of the elastic modulus and hardness between Mn-lean and Mn-rich layers. Surface morphology, composition, and microstructure of the films were characterized using x-ray diffraction and electron microanalysis tools. Nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of selected multilayers. Finally, the effects of deposition parameters on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the multilayers were discussed.
The Effect of Dietary Microbial Phytase Enzyme supplementation on the performance of broiler chicks

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the ability of supplemental microbial phytase enzyme (500FTU) to improve the utilization of essential amino acids mainly (lysine and methionine ) that could be bounded to phytate in plant based diet for broilers . A total of 150 -7th days old unsexed commercial broiler chicks( Ross-308)were weighed and allotted randomly to 3 treatment groups (50 birds for each treatment)each one divided into 5 replicates with 10 chicks per each . All chicks were experimentally fed for 6 weeks on ground brooding rearing system . Three experimental diets were formulated :A) a positive control diet (PC)which was contained imported super –concentrate to suffice the essential amino acids: B) as a negative control diet (NC)based on only plant protein which was marginally deficient in lysine and methionine, and (C) NC diet supplemented with microbial phytase . All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (23CP) and iso -caloric (3100kcal/kg). The results indicated that addition of microbial phytase enzyme to NC diet caused a significant (p˂0.05) improvement in body weight gain , feed intake , feed conversion ratio , protein efficiency ratio dressing percentage and net profit of the broiler chicks , but this values are still significantly lower than that achieved by positive control (PC).
Do Listeners Learn Better from Natural Speech?

Perceptual learning of novel pronunciations is a seemingly robust and efficient process for adapting to unfamiliar speech patterns. In this study we compare perceptual learning of /s/ words where a medially occurring /s/ is substituted with /S/, rendering, for example, castle as /kæSl/ instead of /kæsl/. Exposure to the novel pronunciations is presented in the guise of a lexical decision task. Perceptual learning is assessed in a categorization task where listeners are presented with minimal pair continua (e.g., sock-shock). Given recent suggestions that perceptual learning may be more robust with natural as opposed to synthesized speech, we compare perceptual learning in groups that either receive natural /s/-to-/S/ words or resynthesized /s/-to-/S/ words. Despite low word endorsement rates in the lexical decision task, both groups of listeners show robust generalization in perceptual learning to the novel minimal pair continua, thereby indicating that at least with high quality resynthesis, perceptual learning in natural and synthesized speech is roughly equivalent.
THE EFFECTS OF SOME MINERALS ON APOPTOSIS AND DNA DAMAGE IN SODIUM FLUORIDE-ADMINISTERED RENAL AND OSTEOBLAST CELL LINES

The present study was planned to investigate the effects of some minerals (MgCl2, Na2SeO3, AlCl3, CaCl2) on the expression and translocation of certain apoptotic markers in NaF-administered (at the rate of IC50) rat renal epithelial (NRK-52E) and human osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) cell lines. The NaF IC50 and the non-toxic mineral doses were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. For the biochemical analysis, the cells were collected by trypsin treatment following a 24-hour incubation period, the cells were broken up by the freeze/thaw method, and the analysis was conducted. Caspase 9, 8, and 3 levels and gene expression, and M30 and 8-OHdG levels were determined. Target gene DNAs were propagated with the real time-PCR method. In the MTT studies, it was determined that the cell proliferation in rat renal epithelial cells (NRK-52E) treated with NaF+minerals was higher than that of all the NaF-treated groups and in the human osteoblast cells (hFOB 1.19), the cell proliferation was higher than in all the NaF-treated groups except for the MgCl2 group. The reason why the NaF administration in the NRK-52E cells resulted in an average of a 2-fold decrease in caspase 3 expression compared to the control group could be attributed to the apoptotic effect of NaF based on the time we obtained the RNA. However, based on this time, when the results are assessed based on the NaF and other mineral groups, the NaF-induced cytotoxic apoptosis might have used a pathway other than the apoptotic pathway. Thus, it is considered that minerals could usually prevent NaF-induced apoptosis by a synergistic mechanism due to the ionic character of NaF. NaF+mineral administration protected the NRK-52E cells from apoptosis. In the osteoblasts, on the other hand, it was concluded that NaF+mineral administration may be useful since it inhibits increased apoptosis.
Effects of substrate nutrients on growth of three submersed aquatic plants

Nutrient studies with submersed plants were conducted on select invasive species in the 1970s and 1980s, but little research has been reported in this area in recent years. Additionally, there is a dearth of substrate and nutrient experiments that focus on native submersed plants, but these studies are needed to identify locations where these species may successfully be introduced as a component of aquatic restoration projects. These experiments were designed to obtain a better understanding of the effects of substrate nutrients on growth of submersed plants. There was no difference in growth of Illinois pondweed (Potamogeton illinoensis Morong) and hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle] during an 11-wk study that evaluated the effects of controlled-release fertilizer with and without micronutrients. Other experiments compared the growth of Illinois pondweed, hydrilla, and southern naiad [Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus] when plants were cultured with watersoluble fertilizers mixed in sand to simulate controlledrelease fertilizers. Those studies revealed that optimum growth was achieved by Illinois pondweed at 25 to 150 mg nitrogen per kilogram of sand, by southern naiad at 75 mg nitrogen per kilogram of sand, and by hydrilla at 150 mg nitrogen per kilogram of sand. Growth of all three species decreased at substrate nitrogen concentrations of 450 to 500 mg nitrogen per kilogram of sand. Substrate phosphorus concentrations that produced optimum growth of southern naiad and Illinois pondweed were 150 mg phosphorus per kilogram of sand, while maximum hydrilla growth was attained at 200 to 350 mg phosphorus per kilogram of sand. Illinois pondweed was not affected by the addition of potassium to the substrates until 500 mg potassium per kilogram of sand. At low nitrogen concentrations, Illinois pondweed growth was greatest with urea as the nitrogen source, followed by ammonium and nitrate. Highest biomass was produced when plants were fertilized with ammonium at total nitrogen concentrations of 100 and 400 mg nitrogen per kilogram of sand, compared to the other nitrogen sources.
Combining neural networks and ANFIS classifiers for supervised examining of electrocardiogram beats

Abstract In this paper, the supervised classification of the electrocardiogram (ECG) beats based on the fusion of several intelligent learning machines is described. For classification of ECG heartbeats, first, the QRS complexes are delineated by an efficient algorithm so as to identify the fiducial and J-locations of each complex. For each delineated QRS complex, a feature vector is established based on the geometrical properties of the complex waveform and its associated discrete-wavelet transform. Next, three different multi-layer perceptron back-propagation (MLP-BP) networks are trained with different topologies and intrinsic parameters. Afterwards, the outputs of MLP-BPs are used as the new feature space elements for training three adaptive fuzzy network inference systems (ANFIS) in order to increase the final accuracy. At the end, the outputs of ANFIS classifiers are voted based on majority for each input sample. The method was applied to seven arrhythmias (Normal, LBBB, RBBB, PVC, APB, VE, VF) which belong to the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database and the average accuracy value Acc = 98.28% was achieved for the beat-level. Also, the proposed method was assessed to five arrhythmias (Normal, LBBB, RBBB, PVC, APB) according to validation standards of the American Heart Association (AHA) at record (subject) level and the average accuracy value Acc = 73.39% was achieved. To evaluate performance quality of the new proposed hybrid learning machine, the obtained results were compared with similar peer-reviewed studies in this area.
Prim ’ s Algorithm for Loss Minimization and Service Restoration in Distribution Networks

Network reconfiguration for loss minimization and service reconfiguration is the determination of switching-options that minimizes the power losses for a particular set of loads and the availability of lines on a distribution system. In this paper, a graph theory based method called prim’s algorithm is proposed by formulating a methodology to reconfigure distribution networks for loss minimization and service restoration. An efficient technique is used to determine the switching combinations, select the status of the switches, and find the best combination of switches for minimum loss. In the first stage the prim’s algorithm is used to determine the switching combination, select the status of the switches and find the best combination of the switches for minimum loss and service restoration. In the second stage, if the constraints are not satisfied then load transferring or shedding is done to maintain the stability. The proposed method has been tested on single feeder networks like a 33-bus system and a 66-bus network and on multifeeder network like three feeder 16bus network and a portion of real time network of Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) with four feeders 59-bus network. The results have been compared with those of established methods reported earlier and a comparative study is presented. With the proposed method, for any input load conditions of the system, the optimum switching configuration can automatically be identified within a reasonable computer time and hence the method can be effectively employed for continuous reconfiguration for loss reduction and service restoration. The method can be effectively used to plan and design power systems before actually implementing the distribution networks for locating the tie switches and providing the minimum number of sectionalizing switches in the branches to reduce installation and switching costs. 44 T.D. Sudhakar and K.N. Srinivas
1 BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD PREDICTIONS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE ELECTROLYTE ON THE GALVANIC CORROSION OF AZ 91 D COUPLED TO STEEL

This research investigated the galvanic corrosion of the magnesium alloy AZ91D coupled to steel. The galvanic current distribution was measured in 5% NaCl solution, corrosive water and an auto coolant. The experimental measurements were compared with predictions from a Boundary Element Method (BEM) model. The boundary condition, required as an input into the BEM model, needs to be a polarization curve that accurately reflects the corrosion process. Provided that the polarization curve does reflect steady state, the BEM model is expected to be able to reflect steady state galvanic corrosion.
Language Mixing in the Nominal Phrase: Implications of a Distributed Morphology Perspective

This paper investigates a pattern found in Spanish–English mixed language corpora whereby it is common to switch from a Spanish determiner to an English noun (e.g., la house, ‘the house’), but rare to switch from an English determiner to a Spanish noun (e.g., the casa, ‘the house’). Unlike previous theoretical accounts of this asymmetry, that which is proposed here follows assumptions of the Distributed Morphology (DM) framework, specifically those regarding the relationship between grammatical gender and nominal declension class in Spanish. Crucially, and again in contrast to previous accounts, it is demonstrated that this approach predicts no such asymmetry for French–English. This hypothesis is tested experimentally using an acceptability judgment task with self-paced reading, and as expected, no evidence is found for an asymmetry. This experiment is also used to test predictions regarding how English nominal roots in mixed nominal phrases are assigned grammatical gender, and the impact of language background factors such as age of acquisition. Evidence is found that bilinguals attempt to assign analogical gender if possible, but that late sequential bilinguals have a stronger preference for this option than do simultaneous bilinguals.