Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of music upon GSR and heart-rate.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of music judged to differ with respect to capacity to excite and to calm upon galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart-rate. The hypothesis being tested is that the responses to three pieces of music designated as exciting, neutral, and calming exist in that order on a scale of GSR, with the magnitude of the score inversely related to resistance, and on a scale of heart-rate, with the magnitude of the score directly related to the number of beats per minute. The results of previous studies on the physiological effects of music generally lend support to this hypothesis, at least with respect to GSR.1 GSR and heart-rate were selected for study because they are assumed to be two physiological manifestations of emotional response.
Implementation and effect of concussion education in collegiate women’s ice hockey

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine whether collegiate women’s ice hockey players are receiving pre-season concussion education and evaluate the nature and delivery of this education. Secondarily, we aimed to assess whether players who recall receiving this education have greater knowledge about concussion or are more likely to have reported suspected concussions than their peers. Methods: An anonymous survey was completed by 459 NCAA women’s ice hockey players. Players self-reported receipt of pre-season concussion education, year in school, division of competition, player position, and average length of ice hockey career. Players also completed scales assessing concussion knowledge, attitudes and prior reporting behavior for suspected concussions. Results: 65.3% of athletes affirmed that they received pre-season concussion education. Lecture by an athletic trainer was the most common modality. There were no differences in concussion knowledge or attitudes by concussion education status, NCAA division of competition, or year in school. Players with higher knowledge scores were more likely than their peers to have experienced a suspected concussion and to have not reported it (p = 0.056). Conclusions: Not all NCAA women’s ice hockey players are receiving (or recall receiving) mandated concussion education from their institution. The inverse association between concussion knowledge and concussion reporting behavior, while not statistically significant, is concerning and warrants further study. More work is needed to develop educational materials about concussion that are acceptable and memorable to this population, and that help increase concussion care-seeking behaviors.
Pharyngeal contractile and regulatory characteristics are distinct during nutritive oral stimulus in preterm‐born infants: Implications for clinical and research applications

Maturation of pharyngeal swallowing during neonatal oral feeding is unknown. Our objective was to evaluate pharyngeal functioning using high‐resolution manometry (HRM) during nutritive oral stimulus and test the hypothesis that pharyngeal contractility and regulation are distinct in preterm‐born infants.
SlyA, a MarR Family Transcriptional Regulator, Is Essential for Virulence in Dickeya dadantii 3937

ABSTRACT SlyA, a MarR family transcriptional regulator, controls an assortment of biological functions in several animal-pathogenic bacteria. In order to elucidate the functions of SlyA in the phytopathogen Dickeya dadantii (formerly Erwinia chrysanthemi) 3937, a slyA gene deletion mutant (denoted ΔslyA) was constructed. The mutant exhibited increased sensitivity to sodium hypochlorite, the cationic antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B, and oxidative stress. The mutant showed reduced production of pectate lyase and exopolysaccharide and an inability to form a pellicle. The mutant lacking a functional slyA gene showed a significantly reduced ability to cause maceration of potato tubers. Accordingly, the mutant exhibited significantly reduced bacterial growth and failed to hyperinduce pectate lyase production in planta. Introduction of a plasmid containing slyA into the ΔslyA mutant caused all of these phenotypes to recover to wild-type levels. These results suggest that SlyA plays an important role in virulence to plants by positively regulating the expression of multiple pathogenicity-related traits of D. dadantii 3937.
Biliary strictures in living donor liver transplantation: Incidence, management, and technical evolution

Biliary complications, biliary strictures (BS) in particular, continue to be a significant cause of morbidity after LDLT despite technical refinement. In this study, we assessed the incidence of BS and their management in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) with special reference to the type of biliary reconstruction. A total of 182 LDLTs performed at our institution for either adult (n = 157) or pediatric (n = 25) patients were included in the study. The duct‐to‐duct (DD) biliary reconstruction was performed for 106 cases, while the conventional Roux‐en‐Y hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) was utilized for the remaining 76 cases. Overall, BS developed in 46/182 (25.3%) of the cases (DD, 26.4%; HJ, 25.0%). The 1‐ and 3‐year cumulative incidences of BS were 22.9% and 31.9%, respectively, in the DD group, and 15.2% and 29.1%, respectively, in the HJ group (P= not significant). The left‐lobe LDLT was more prone to develop BS. Continuous anastomosis tended to be associated with the high incidence of BS in the DD group. The incidence of anastomotic leak was significantly lower in the DD group. Intervention via either precutaneous or endoscopic approach was successful in the majority of cases, although recurrence could occur in some patients. In conclusion, BS was not associated with the type of reconstruction in LDLT. The primary radiological or endoscopic interventions were satisfactory treatments of choice. Technical refinement is an important factor to reduce the incidence of BS. Liver Transpl 12:979–986, 2006. © 2006 AASLD.
Case Study: A Practical Application of an Aerosol Treatment in a Commercial Mill

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest and need for alternatives to structural fumigations, and one alternative that has been used across the industry is aerosol insecticides. Previous tests inside a pilot-scale mill demonstrated that aerosol particle size, delivery method, and the spatial configuration of the mill all influenced effectiveness. However, there is no research conducted inside large commercial facilities. The objective of this research was to evaluate a pyrethrin-plus-methoprene aerosol application inside a commercial mill on adult Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal, confused flour beetle, directly exposed to the aerosol and residual effects on larvae. Additionally, five aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometers were placed in the facility and recorded instantaneous spray concentration and estimated aerosol deposition. Adult T. confusum exposed nearest to the aerosol application points had the highest percentage of affected adults (>60%). The aerosol also had vertical movement when released at the top of a three-story open room; instantaneous concentrations were recorded on the ground floor. The aerosol residual was highly effective after 6-weeks post aerosol exposure, as 80% of the bioassays did not have any adult emergence from exposed larvae. This research demonstrates a practical use of aerosol insecticides and their potential to be an effective alternative to structural fumigations.
Clinical challenges in elderly asthma.

Introduction Understanding the difference of elderly asthma is essential to provide better healthcare for this vulnerable population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between young and elderly asthma patients. Materials and Methods This real-life study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis. All data collected with structured web based asthma program. In sum, 373 (89.9%) young asthma (YA, age < 65) and 42 (10.1%) elderly asthma (EA, age < 65) patients followed at least one year and compared statistically. Result Cough is found higher in EA (p< 0.01) despite lower smoking rate in EA (p< 0.001). Allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis were more common in YA (p< 0.05, p< 0.01) which is consistent with higher allergy rate in YA (p< 0.05). On the other hand, diabetes and hypertension were determined significantly higher in EA (p< 0.01, p< 0.01). 52.4% of EA patients were found to have low diffusion capacity (DLCO < 80%). Although EA patients use combined therapies with inhaled corticosteroids and long acting beta agonists more than YA patients (p< 0.01), both emergency room visit (ERV) and hospitalization ratios are founded significantly higher in EA (p< 0.001, p< 0.001). Conclusions EA patients were presented with cough in general. They possess an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes and low levels of diffusion capacity. ERV and hospitalization ratios have founded higher despite higher usage of combined therapies.
ON YAMABE CONSTANTS OF RIEMANNIAN PRODUCTS 3 by using an argument in the proof of the celebrated Kobayashi ’ s inequality

For a closed Riemannian manifold (M, g) of constant positive scalar curvature and any other closed Riemannian manifold (N, h), we show that the limit of the Yamabe constants of the Riemannian products (M × N, g + rh) as r goes to infinity is equal to the Yamabe constant of (M × R, [g + g E ]) and is strictly less than the Yamabe invariant of S provided n ≥ 2. We then consider the minimum of the Yamabe functional restricted to functions of the second variable and we compute the limit in terms of the best constants of the Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities.
Lineage tracing suggests that ovarian endosalpingiosis does not result from escape of oviductal epithelium

Most high‐grade serous carcinomas are thought to arise from Fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), but some likely arise outside of the tube, perhaps from ectopic tubal‐type epithelium known as endosalpingiosis. Importantly, the origin of endosalpingiosis is poorly understood. The proximity of the tubal fimbriae to the ovaries has led to the proposal that disruptions in the ovarian surface that occur during ovulation may allow detached FTE to implant in the ovary and form tubal‐type glands and cysts. An alternative model suggests that cells present in ectopic locations outside the Müllerian tract retain the capacity for multi‐lineage differentiation and can form glands with tubal‐type epithelium. We used double transgenic Ovgp1‐iCreERT2;R26RLSL‐eYFP mice, which express an eYFP reporter protein in OVGP1‐positive tissues following transient tamoxifen (TAM) treatment, to track the fate of oviductal epithelial cells. Cohorts of adult mice were given TAM to activate eYFP expression in oviductal epithelium, and ovaries were examined at time points ranging from 2 days to 12 months post‐TAM. To test whether superovulation might increase acquisition of endosalpingiosis, additional cohorts of TAM‐treated mice underwent up to five cycles of superovulation and ovaries were examined at 1, 6, and 12 months post‐TAM. Ovaries were sectioned in their entirety to identify endosalpingiosis. Immunohistochemical staining for PAX8, tubulin, OVGP1, and eYFP was employed to study endosalpingiosis lesions. Ovarian endosalpingiosis was identified in 14.2% of TAM‐treated adult mice. The endosalpingiotic inclusion glands and cysts were lined by secretory and ciliated cells and expressed PAX8, tubulin, OVGP1, and eYFP. Neither age nor superovulation was associated with a significant increase in endosalpingiosis. Endosalpingiosis was also occasionally present in the ovaries of pre‐pubertal mice. The findings imply that ovarian endosalpingiosis in the mouse does not likely arise as a consequence of detachment and implantation of tubal epithelium and other mechanisms may be relevant. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medical Cannabis: Effects on Opioid and Benzodiazepine Requirements for Pain Control

Background: There is currently little evidence regarding the use of medical cannabis for the treatment of intractable pain. Literature published on the subject to date has yielded mixed results concerning the efficacy of medical cannabis and has been limited by study design and regulatory issues. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if the use of medical cannabis affects the amount of opioids and benzodiazepines used by patients on a daily basis. Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study evaluated opioid and benzodiazepine doses over a 6-month time period for patients certified to use medical cannabis for intractable pain. All available daily milligram morphine equivalents (MMEs) and daily diazepam equivalents (DEs) were calculated at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Results: A total of 77 patients were included in the final analysis. There was a statistically significant decrease in median MME from baseline to 3 months (−32.5 mg; P = 0.013) and 6 months (−39.1 mg; P = 0.001). Additionally, there was a non–statistically significant decrease in median DE at 3 months (−3.75 mg; P = 0.285) and no change in median DE from baseline to 6 months (−0 mg; P = 0.833). Conclusion and Relevance: Over the course of this 6-month retrospective study, patients using medical cannabis for intractable pain experienced a significant reduction in the number of MMEs available to use for pain control. No significant difference was noted in DE from baseline. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm or deny the opioid-sparing effects of medical cannabis when used to treat intractable pain.
Immunoregulatory T Cells May Be Involved in Preserving CD4 T Cell Counts in HIV-Infected Long-Term Nonprogressors and Controllers

Background:HIV-infected controllers control viral replication and maintain normal CD4 T cell counts. Long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) also maintain normal CD4 T cell counts but have ongoing viral replication. We hypothesized that immunoregulatory mechanisms are involved in preserved CD4 T cell counts in controllers and in LTNPs. Methods:Twenty HIV-infected viremic controllers, 5 elite controllers (ECs), and 14 LTNPs were included in this cross-sectional study. For comparison, 25 progressors and 34 healthy controls were included. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), Treg subpopulations, CD161+Th17 cells, and CD3+CD8+CD161highTc17 cells in peripheral blood were measured using flow cytometry. Tregs in lymphoid tissue were determined in tonsil biopsies and evaluated using immunolabeling. The production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-&bgr;), interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-17 upon stimulation with phytohemagglutinin in peripheral blood was determined by Luminex. Results:All groups of HIV-infected patients displayed similar percentages of Tregs in both peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue. However, a larger percentage of Tregs in ECs and LTNPs were activated compared with that in controls, progressors, and viremic controllers. Further, ECs as the only group of HIV-infected patients, displayed elevated percentages of CD161+Th17 cells, preserved CD3+CD8+CD161highTc17 cells, and preserved IL-10 production. Conclusions:Overall, Treg percentage was similar in both blood and lymphoid tissue in all groups of patients and controls. However, both ECs and LTNPs displayed a large proportion of activated Tregs suggesting immunoregulatory mechanisms to be involved in preserving CD4 T cell counts in HIV-infected nonprogressors.
Effects of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on Skin Wound Healing: In Vivo and in Vitro Testing

Sapindus mukorossi seed oil is commonly used as a source for biodiesel fuel. Its phytochemical composition is similar to the extracted oil from Sapindus trifoliatus seeds, which exhibit beneficial effects for skin wound healing. Since S. mukorossi seed shows no cyanogenic property, it could be a potential candidate for the treatment of skin wounds. Thus, we evaluated the effectiveness of S. mukorossi seed oil in the treatment of skin wounds. We characterized and quantified the fatty acids and unsaponifiable fractions (including β-sitosterol and δ-tocopherol) contained in S. mukorossi seed-extracted oil by GC-MS and HPLC, respectively. Cell proliferation and migratory ability were evaluated by cell viability and scratch experiments using CCD-966SK cells treated with S. mukorossi oil. The anti-inflammatory effects of the oil were evaluated by measuring the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Antimicrobial activity tests were performed with Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans using a modified Japanese Industrial Standard procedure. Uniform artificial wounds were created on the dorsum of rats. The wounds were treated with a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/hyaluronic acid (HA)/sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel for releasing the S. mukorossi seed oil. The wound sizes were measured photographically for 12 days and were compared to wounds covered with analogous membranes containing a saline solution. Our results showed that the S. mukorossi seed oil used in this study contains abundant monounsaturated fatty acids, β-sitosterol, and δ-tocopherol. In the in vitro tests, S. mukorossi seed oil prompted cell proliferation and migration capability. Additionally, the oil had significant anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. In the in vivo animal experiments, S. mukorossi seed oil-treated wounds revealed acceleration of sequential skin wound healing events after two days of healing. The size of oil-treated wound decreased to half the size of the untreated control after eight days of healing. The results suggest that S. mukorossi seed oil could be a potential source for promoting skin wound healing.
Deaths and international health care expenditure

152 British Journal of Healthcare Management 2015 Vol 21 No 10 © 2 01 5 M A H ea lth ca re L td One would normally hope that public health departments may show some degree of interest in such a profound phenomenon. Sadly, such interest has been lacking up to the present. It is important to explain how the relationship with size arises as a result of a particular type of apparent slow infectious-like spread. It is known that infectious events usually progress within social networks where contact or proximity allows passage Rod Jones Deaths and international health care expenditure
Theory and Evidence on the Relationship between Ownership Structure and Capital Structure

Agency theory embeds the influential relationship that exist between managers and shareholders of firms. This relationship has the potential to influence decision-making in the firm which in turn has potential impacts on firm characteristics such as firm value. Prior evidence has demonstrated an association between ownership structure and firm value. This paper extends the literature by proposing a further link between ownership structure and capital structure. Using an agency framework we argue that the distribution of equity ownership among corporate managers and external blockholders has a significant relationship with leverage. The paper tests four hypotheses that explore various aspects of this relationship. The empirical results provide support for a positive relationship between external blockholders and leverage, a curvilinear relationship between the level of managerial share ownership and leverage and finally, the results suggest that the relationship between external block ownership and leverage varies across the level of managerial share ownership. These results parallel and are consistent with the "active monitoring hypothesis", "convergence-of-interests" and the "entrenchment" hypotheses which have been proposed in a different context.
Albumin Clearance from Human Skeletal Muscle During Prolonged Steady‐State Running

This study was designed to find out if the lymph flow, indicated as albumin clearance, from active skeletal muscle is maintained constant during a prolonged steady‐state exercise. 99mTc‐labelled albumin was injected bilaterally into the vastus lateralis muscles of eight endurance‐trained men. The radioactivity at the injection site was monitored by a gamma‐camera before, frequently during, and after a 2 h run at a controlled steady intensity of 69 ± 4% of the maximal heart rate. The fractional clearance rate of albumin was calculated for each monitoring interval, and was expressed as percentage clearance per minute (% min‐1). During the first 15 min of exercise the clearance rate was five times higher than at rest before the exercise (0.29 ± 0.12 vs. 0.06 ± 0.05% min‐1, P = 0.001). During the next 25 min of running the clearance rate fell to 0.19 ± 0.08% min‐1 (P = 0.02), from which level it was further attenuated, being 0.12 ± 0.04% min‐1 at the end of the exercise. After the exercise the clearance rate fell rapidly to the level of 0.04 ± 0.03% min‐1. The results showed that the albumin clearance from working muscles is not constant during steady‐state exercise, suggesting that lymph flow from exercising skeletal muscle may not be constant despite lymphatic pumping being assumed to be unchanged during the course of exercise (i.e. constant exercise intensity and running speed).
High performance work practices in small and medium-sized firms

Drawing on data from Workplace Employment Relations Survey 2004, this thesis assesses the uptake of High Performance Work Practices (HPWPs), the factors associated with the uptake of HPWPs and the relationship between HPWPs and performance (also termed the "HPWP-performance link") in small and medium-sized firms. The findings show that medium-sized firms have a higher uptake of HPWPs compared to small firms in general. They also show that the extent of the use of HPWPs in small firms tends to be influenced more by internal than external factors, while the opposite holds true for medium-sized firms. Although the widely reported HPWP-performance link holds in large firms, the findings suggest only a specific bundle of HPWPs seeking to develop opportunities for employees to participate in management decision making and use their skills and abilities at work are related to improved financial performance in small firms. However, neither the overall use of HPWPs nor any specific bundles of practices are associated with better performance in medium-sized firms. In medium-sized firms, some HPWPs are positively associated with performance and some others are negatively associated with performance. These findings suggest the HPWP-performance link in medium-sized firms is distinct from that in small and large firms. Overall, the findings suggest small and medium-sized firms should be analyzed as two distinct groups and the HPWP-performance link is not universal. The lack of a consistent HPWP-performance link in medium-sized firms has important implications for HRM theory, the HR advice that medium-sized firms should be offered, and government support and employment policies targeted at medium-sized firms.
Eating Disorder Recovery: A Metaethnography

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders seriously affect both physical health and psychosocial functioning. Breaking the confines of an eating disorder requires engagement in a multifaceted recovery process. OBJECTIVE: This article provides a synthesis of 12 qualitative research studies with various eating disordered populations (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, eating disorder not otherwise specified, and other specified feeding and eating disorders) to elucidate the recovery process from the perspective of those who have overcome the disease. METHOD: A metasynthesis of qualitative studies was conducted using Noblit and Hare’s metaethnographic methodology. RESULTS: Five overarching themes emerged from the data: (1) the eating disorder as a life jacket, (2) drowning: recognizing consequences, (3) treading the surface: contemplating recovery, (4) swimming: the path toward recovery, and (5) reaching recovery: a sense of freedom. CONCLUSIONS: Eating disorder treatment often entails a cycle of transitions before recovery occurs. Synthesizing the experiences from the perspective of individuals who have overcome an eating disorder presents a unique understanding of the treatment and recovery process.