Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First molecular diagnosis of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma in Awassi sheep in Iraq

Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA), formerly known as sheep pulmonary adenomatosis is a contagious tumor of the respiratory epithelium. The aim of this study to investigate about ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) in Iraqi Awassi sheep. One hundred and twenty blood samples from Awassi sheep clinically had respiratory problematic were collected as well as sixty tissues samples. included twenty of each of (lung, lung fluid, mediastinal lymph nodes ) were collected from lungs with abnormal pathological lesions , all samples tested by RT-PCR by using specific primers and probe were designed in this study by using conserved region in envelope protein gene (NCBI-Gen Bank Code: KT279065.1) . Ten sheep (5.55%) were found to be positive for JSRV by RT-PCR with higher infection rate in lung fluids 20% , mediastinal lymph nodes 10%, lung tissues 5%, and the less infection rate in blood . 2-5 years aged sheep were more susceptible for infection than other age ,but gender of examined sheep not affected on APO infection. As conclusion the first detection of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) in Iraq in Awassi sheep in field and abattoir.
Mobile Integrated Healthcare Intervention and Impact Analysis with a Medicare Advantage Population

Abstract Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH) is a patient-centered, innovative delivery model offering on-demand, needs-based care and preventive services, delivered in the patient's home or mobile environment. An interprofessional MIH clinical team delivered a care coordination program for a Medicare Advantage Preferred Provider Organization that was risk assigned prior to intervention to target the highest risk members. Using claims and eligibility data, 6 months of pre-program experience and 6 months of program-influenced experience from the intervention cohort was compared to a propensity score–matched comparison cohort to measure impact. The intervention led to a reduction in inpatient and emergency department utilization, resulting in net savings amount totals of $2.4 million over the 6 months of the program. After accounting for the costs of implementing the program, the intervention produced a return on investment of 2.97. Additionally, high patient activation and experience lend strength to this MIH intervention as a promising model to reduce utilization and costs while keeping patient satisfaction high.
Syndrome d'activation lymphohistiocytaire : revue de la littérature, implications en réanimation Pathophysiology of organ dysfunction in the macrophage activation syndrome

Hemophagocytic syndrome is a rare but severe, potentially life-threatening, disease. It is characterized by clinic and biologic features secondary a non regulated cytokines secretion leading to proliferation and activation of benign macrophages with hemophagocytosis. Hemophagocytic syndrome may be secondary to infection, haematological malignancies, connective tissue disease and specific immundeficiency in children. Early diagnosis and therapeutic initiation is mandatory since mortality is as high as 50%. Diagnosis should be evocated in patients with febrile pancytopenia associated with one or several organ failures. Increased plasma ferritine and triglycerides rates help toward the diagnosis. However, only pictures of hemophagocytosis within marrow smears or lymph nodes, marrow, or liver biopsies might confirm the diagnosis, and sometimes help to find the aetiology of the hemophagocytic syndrome. Beyond therapies based on each aetiology, specific hemophagocytic syndrom treatment is required. © 2005 Societe de reanimation de langue francaise. Publie par Elsevier SAS. Tous droits reserves.
Operative Refixation bei proximalem Hamstringabriss: Ist der OP-Zeitpunkt relevant für das funktionelle Outcome?

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Komplette Rupturen der proximalen Hamstringsehnen sind selten, im Falle einer solchen stellt die operative Refixation die therapeutische Methode der Wahl dar. Bislang ist das postoperative Outcome sehr heterogen und wenig vergleichbar untersucht, sodass Aussagen bezüglich einer Korrelation des Outcomes zu OP-Methoden und Zeitpunkt der OP nach Trauma nur begrenzt möglich sind. Ziel Es soll anhand des neuen, validierten und verletzungsspezifischen Perth Hamstring Assessment Tools (PHAT) das postoperative Outcome eines eigenen Kollektivs untersucht und dies in Korrelation zum Abstand zwischen Trauma und Operation dargestellt werden. Methode In dieser retrospektiven Fallkontrollstudie wurden alle operierten Patienten zwischen 1/2011 und 3/2016 und einer zurückliegenden OP-Zeitpunkt von mindestens 6 Monaten gebeten, ihr subjektives funktionelles Outcome anhand des PHAT – Fragebogens zu dokumentieren. Je nach Zeitraum zwischen Trauma und OP wurden die Patienten und deren Fragebogenergebnisse dabei einer akut (3 Monate) versorgten Gruppe zugeordnet. Ergebnisse Von 64 operierten Patienten im genannten Zeitraum konnten 57 in die Studie eingeschlossen werden, von denen wiederum 39 (68 %) den PHAT-Score vollständig komplettierten. Der mittlere PHAT-Score (0 – 100 Pkt.) aller Patienten betrug 72,4 Punkte (SD ± 21,0). Es ergab sich kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen der akut und der verzögert versorgten Gruppe (77,0 Punkte ± 22,0 vs. 63,4 Punkte ± 16,2; p: 0,067), jedoch ein deutlich signifikanter Unterschied zwischen der akut und der verspätetet operierten Gruppe (77,0 Punkte ± 22,0 vs. 58,3 Punkte ± 20,2; p: 0,021). Schlussfolgerung In der vorliegenden Studie kann gezeigt werden, dass eine schnelle Indikationsstellung einer proximalen Hamstringverletzung mit einer operativen Versorgung innerhalb von 4 Wochen zu einem signifikant besseren, funktionellen Outcome führt als verspätet versorgte Rupturen.
Mini-review and our experience of methimazole-related omphalomesenteric duct remnant, omphalocele, and esophageal atresia

Because gestational hyperthyroidism is associated with maternal complications such as preeclampsia, premature labor, and premature delivery [1], hyperthyroidism must be treated during pregnancy. Methimazole (MMI) and carbimazole (CMZ), a prodrug of MMI, and propylthiouracil (PTU) are indicated for gestational hyperthyroidism [2], but MMI/CMZ use during fetal organogenesis in the first trimester of pregnancy should be avoided [3,4] because of the risk of neonatal congenital malformations. Some MMI/CMZ-related birth defects, such as omphalomesenteric duct remnant, omphalocele, and esophageal atresia require surgical treatment [3,4], whereas different, less severe defects are associated with PTU [5]. Evidence provided by recent meta-analyses has resulted in labeling warnings and precautions on the use of MMI/CMZ, but not PTU, by pregnant women during fetal organogenesis [6,7]. However, because these three conditions rarely occur in the general population, the MMI/ CMZ-related incidence is not officially known in Japan. In this Mini-Review, we tried to show whether the above-mentioned congenital malformations needing surgical treatment at our institution were associated with maternal use of MMI during pregnancy by using our patients’ cohort. What We did and Found Out
COUP-TF1 Modulates Thyroid Hormone Action in an Embryonic Stem-Cell Model of Cortical Pyramidal Neuronal Differentiation.

BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone is critical for normal brain development and acts in a spatial and temporal specific pattern. Thyroid hormone excess, or deficiency, can lead to irreversible impairment of brain and sensory development. Chicken ovalbumin upstream-transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1), expressed early in neuronal development, is essential to achieve normal brain structure. Thyroid hormone stimulation of gene expression is inversely correlated with the level of COUP-TF1 expression. METHODS An in vitro method of differentiating mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells into cortical neurons was utilized to study the influence of COUP-TF1 on thyroid hormone signaling in brain development. mES cells were cultured and differentiated in specific conditioned media, and a high percentage of nestin-positive progenitor neurons in the first stage, and cortical neurons in the second stage, was obtained with characteristic neuronal firing. RESULTS The number of nestin-positive progenitors, as determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, was significantly greater with triiodothyronine (T3) treatment compared to control (p < 0.05). T3 enhanced the expression of cortical neuron marker (Tbr1 and Rc3) mRNAs. After COUP-TF1 knockdown, the number of nestin-positive progenitors was reduced compared to control (p < 0.05), but the number increased with T3 treatment. The mRNA of cortical neuronal gene markers was measured after COUP-TF1 knockdown. In the presence of T3, the peak expression of neuron markers Emx1, Tbr1, Camkiv, and Rc3 mRNA was earlier, at day 18 of differentiation, compared to control cells, at day 22. Furthermore, after COUP-TF1 knockdown, T3 induction of Rc3 and Tbr1 mRNA was significantly enhanced compared to cells expressing COUP-TF1. CONCLUSION These results indicate that COUP-TF1 plays an important role in modulating the timing and magnitude of T3-stimulated gene expression required for normal corticogenesis.
Multidisciplinary Approach to treat Liver Transplant Recipients with Hepatitis C using Sofosbuvir based Therapy

Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study on 44 liver transplant recipients, ≥18 years old who received Sofosbuvir (SOF) based antiviral therapy (AVT) at our hospital from January 2012 through May 2016. Multidisciplinary (MDT) approach involving hepatologists, transplant pharmacists and a patient access coordinator was adapted. SVR at 12 and 24 weeks, safety and compliance of SOF based AVT were reported. We also reported on improvement in APRI and CPT score at SVR.
Clinical significance of Vibration Anesthesia on reducing pain of Ring-Block (Subcutaneous Injections) in the patients undergoing Hair Restoration Surgery

Pain is a complex phenomenon which is unpleasant. Different cosmetic procedures are associated with varying degrees of pain. Various modalities are adopted to decrease the severity of pain. The commonly used is the administration of analgesics (opioid or non-steroidal). The pain is carried to the brain by pain ibres. There are various theories about the pain [1,2]. Many attempts have been undertaken to ind the modalities which decrease the perception of pain by the brain. The famous ‘gate theory’ was proposed in 1965 by Melzack et al. [3]. It was proposed that the pain experience can be reduced by the activation of nerve ibres that conduct non-toxic stimuli. The theory suggested that the stimulation of larger diameter ibres (A-beta) can close a neural ‘gate’ to nocioceptive signals and can reduce the perception of the pain. The ‘gate’ is proposed to lie within the spinal cord/brainstem and inhibits the transmission of nocioceptive action potentials to higher centres in the central nervous system [4]. The “post-synaptic inhibitory and fascilitatory mechanism” provide a basis for explaining the pain reducing strategies such as rubbing the painful area or applying cold or vibration to decrease the perception of the pain. Various topical irritants used in a few ‘magic’ creams also work on the same principle.
The Use of Maternal Health Services in Nigeria: Does Ethnicity and Religious Beliefs Matter?

Although there has been significant reduction in the total number of maternal deaths worldwide, however, many developing countries like Nigeria have not been able to achieve MDG 5 by the end of 2015 [1]. This is buttressed by the fact that Nigeria and India recorded 58,000 (19%) and 45,000 (15%) maternal deaths respectively accounting for 34% of the total global maternal deaths [1]. Moreover, 59% of maternal deaths occurred in six Africa Countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda) and four Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan) [2].
Controlled, Parametric, Individualized, 2-D and 3-D Imaging Measurements of Aerosol Deposition in the Respiratory Tract of Asthmatic Human Subjects for Model Validation.

BACKGROUND Computer modeling is used to predict inhaled aerosol deposition in the lung based on definition of the aerosol characteristics and the breathing pattern and airway anatomy of the subject. Validation of the models is limited by the lack of detailed experimental data. Three-dimensional imaging provides an opportunity to address this unmet need. METHODS Radioactive aerosol was administered to six male asthmatic subjects on two occasions under carefully monitored input conditions. Input parameters varied in particle size, depth of breathing, and carrier gas. The aerosol distribution was measured by combined single photon emission computed tomography and x-ray computer tomography (SPECT/CT) and airway anatomy by high resolution CT. The deposition distribution was measured by both a 2D and 3D analysis and described in terms of the percentage of inhaled aerosol deposited in sections of the respiratory tract and in both spatial and anatomical subdivisions within each lung. The percentage deposition in the conducting airways was also assessed by 24 h clearance. RESULTS A set of imaging data of aerosol deposition has thus been produced in which the input parameters of inhalation are well described. The results in asthmatics were compared to previous measurements in healthy controls using an identical inhalation protocol. The percentages of deposition in extra-thoracic and thoracic compartments of the airways were not significantly affected by disease, but the regional pulmonary deposition pattern was, with asthma leading to increased deposition in the conducting airways. CONCLUSIONS The dataset acquired in this study will be useful in validating computer models of aerosol deposition in asthmatic subjects. Asthma did not affect the fraction of inhaled aerosol depositing in the lungs, but gave rise to a more central deposition pattern. The use of 3D SPECT imaging in combination with 24 h clearance measurements enables differentiation of deposition between bronchial and bronchiolar airways.
Working with families with a member suffering from a chronic mental health problem: a case report

Chronic illness is defined as a disease that lasts more than 3 months and cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication according to the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. It initially included diabetes, asthma and depression but the illnesses spectrum is widening including major mental illnesses. Chronic illness is greatly influenced by socioeconomic status, education, employment, and environment [1]. It ́s impact on patients’ and families’ lives can be important as it continues across the lifespan. It leads to the long-term need for patients to be treated in the community, a role played by family members in the majority of cases in western societies; while in eastern countries the burden is carried solely by the patient’s relations due to the dearth of mental health services [2]. The needs of the carers, the international family movements like the National Alliance for Mental Illness, the evolution of the medicines for mental illnesses and most importantly the theoretical and empirical findings of the strong and negative association between family stress and patient relapse/recovery have led to the conception of psycho education. This therapeutic approach, based on cognitive behavioral therapy and benefiting from techniques of several therapeutic approaches, is based on four major axes: briefing the patient about his/her illness, communication and self-assertiveness training, problem solving and goal achievement techniques and psychological support. The best results are discerned when it is applied not only to the patient himself/herself but also to his/her family members [3]. A plethora of publications during the last years substantiates the positive effects of family psycho education on schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The findings suggest that psycho education reduces relapse and re-hospitalization rates, promotes medication adherence, decreases the duration of hospitalization, improves the patient’s quality of life and increases satisfaction with services [4-7]. Nowadays psycho education has expanded its focus and techniques by including education in more diseases and by including more therapeutic components mainly from cognitive therapy, as to serve in a better way the needs of people suffering from several mental or physical illnesses [8]. Here, we present a case of a family behavioral intervention applied to a patient suffering from schizoaffective disorder and his parents.
Efficient query processing on large graphs

Graphs provide a natural way to represent real-world objects and their relationships, and hence they are utilized to model concepts and data in various domains, such as social networks, the Web, biological informatics and spatial databases. In the big data era, most graphs are extremely large and growing rapidly in size, which brings challenges to processing graph queries efficiently. In this thesis, we investigate three important problems in graph query processing, namely, the point-to-point shortest path and distance queries on road networks, the single source shortest path and distance queries on diskresident graphs, and the point-to-point reachability queries on dynamic graphs. These problems are not only interesting in themselves when the graph size becomes large, but also fundamental building blocks of numerous real-world applications. In particular, given two locations s and t in a road network, a point-to-point distance query returns the minimum network distance from s to t, while a point-to-point shortest path query computes the actual route that achieves the minimum distance. To solve this problem, we propose Arterial Hierarchy (AH), an index structure that narrows the gap between theory and practice. On the theoretical side, we show that, based on a realistic characteristic of real-world road networks, AH answers any distance query in constant time. In addition, any shortest path query can be answered with k more steps, where k is the number of vertices on the shortest path. On the practical side, AH outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of query time and its space and pre-computation overheads are moderate. Then, given a vertex s in a graph G, a single source shortest distance query from s asks for the distance from s to every other vertex in G, while a single source shortest path query retrieves the shortest path from s to any other vertex. To handle these two types of queries on disk-resident graphs, we propose Highways-on-disk (HoD), a disk-based index that supports both shortest path and distance queries on directed and weighted graphs. Different from existing methods, HoD does not assume the graph fits into memory, does not limit the graph type as undirected graph, and does not restrict that the edges have unit weights or even integer weights. Although being more general and flexible, HoD is still able to outperform the state-of-the-art methods in terms of query processing time by up to two orders of magnitude. In addition, HoD has a smaller space consumption and pre-computation time in most cases. Finally, given two vertices s and t in G, a reachability query from s to t asks whether there exists a path from s to t in G. To solve the problem on dynamic graphs, we first
Awareness and Knowledge about Glaucoma and Cataract in Rural Population and Urban Population

Cataract and glaucoma are the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Cataract increases with age and it can be treated. Glaucoma is chronic progressive disease of the optic nerve which leads to irreversible blindness. Cataract develops slowly, and leads to blindness if left untreated.1 Cataract commonly affects both eyes but generally develop in one eye before the other.2 It has been documented to be the most significant cause of bilateral blindness in India. The process of caring and treatment for a patient with functional impairment due to cataract should start when a functional visual disability is recognized. It was estimated that 3.8 million persons become blind due to cataract per year in india.3 Some studies done in rural area of eastern china showed that for more than one year, a total of 89.6% of patients had been aware of their condition while 49.8% had known that the cataract could be treated.4
[Intragastric injection of botulinum toxin. A real alternative for obesity treatment? A systematic review].

BACKGROUND Obesity is a prevalent disease in our environment, which comorbidities suppose a great challenge to public health. Intragastric injection of botulinum toxin has been used as treatment for obesity, both in humans and animals. It acts by inhibiting gastric emptying and inducing early satiety, consequently reducing intake and finally achieving weight loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bibliographic search in PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE databases between 2000 and 2016 was carried out. Articles regarding the physiological basis of the treatment with intragastric injection of botulinum toxin in human were included, as well as interventional studies, randomised or not. RESULTS A total of 105 articles were found and 10 were chosen according to our inclusion criteria. Of those, only 4 were randomised and 8 lasted between 8 and 24 weeks. In four of the studies, one randomised, a statistically significant weight loss was found which varied between 3.5 and 11.8 kg. Most of the studies found slowing of gastric emptying. None of them notified any significant side-effects. CONCLUSION Intragastric injection of botulinum toxin could be useful and safe in the treatment of obesity but better designed, placebo-controlled, long term and with an adequate sample size studies are needed.
Verletzungen auf dem Schulhof – Eine Analyse individueller und kontextueller Faktoren

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Verletzungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen zählen zu den dringendsten Public Health Problemen in Deutschland. Neben Unfällen im Haushalt und in der Freizeit ist insbesondere der Lebensbereich Schule von großer Bedeutung. Hinsichtlich der Einflussfaktoren auf Schulverletzungen bestehen jedoch erhebliche Forschungslücken. Hier setzt der Beitrag an und analysiert individuelle und kontextuelle Faktoren, die auf das Verletzungsgeschehen in der Schule Einfluss nehmen. Dabei werden speziell Verletzungen untersucht, die sich auf dem Schulhof ereignen. Methodik Die Datengrundlage bildet die zweite Erhebungswelle der Panelstudie „Gesundheitsverhalten und Unfallgeschehen im Schulalter“ (GUS). Im Anschluss an eine Zufallsauswahl von allgemeinbildenden weiterführenden Schulen in 11 Bundesländern wurden 10089 Schüler/innen im Alter von 11–13 Jahren aus 138 Schulen im Klassenverbund mittels eines standardisierten elektronischen Fragebogens befragt. Neben dem Unfall- und Verletzungsgeschehen deckt der Fragebogen eine Bandbreite anderer Themen, wie z. B. das Gesundheit- und Freizeitverhalten, ab und erhebt zugleich auch Informationen über die Schule. Die Einflussfaktoren auf Schulhofverletzungen werden anhand von multivariaten logistischen Mehrebenmodellen analysiert. Ergebnisse In der zweiten Erhebungswelle berichteten 5,8% der befragten Schüler/innen, sich in den letzten 12 Monaten mind. eine behandlungsbedürftige Verletzung auf dem Schulhof zugezogen zu haben. Zusammenhänge mit dem Verletzungsgeschehen auf dem Schulhof zeigen sich für individuelle Faktoren, wie für das Geschlecht (weiblich, OR=0,53), Mobbingerfahrungen (OR=1,68), Schlafstörungen (OR=1,07) und für die individuelle sportliche Aktivität (OR=1,03). Obgleich die Varianz primär auf Individualmerkmale zurückgeht, spielen auch einzelne Kontextmerkmale eine Rolle: An Schulen, deren Zustand von den dort beschulten Schüler/innen besser eingeschätzt wird, ist auch das Verletzungsrisiko geringer (OR=0,60). Schlussfolgerung Präventionsmaßnahmen lassen sich aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse gezielt sowohl auf Individual- als auch Kontextebene ausrichten: Zum einen sollte die Prävention von Mobbing vor diesem Hintergrund fokussiert, aber auch der Zustand der Schulen weiterhin in den Blick genommen werden.