Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Firm-Level Decomposition of Energy Consumption in Turkish Manufacturing Industry

Energy efficiency in industry is a crucial topic for Turkey, as the country has an import dependency of 80 percent in energy. Although the importance of enhancing energy efficiency in industry is widely acknowledged, there has not been any study examining the energy efficiency in Turkish industry at micro level. Employing a sound decomposition methodology on a firm-level data set of manufacturing firms, this paper documents that there was a significant decrease in the energy intensity of firms over 2005-12. In contrast, structural change across manufacturing sectors and across firms within sectors had positive but limited effects on the overall energy efficiency over the period.
Firm's Capabilities as Critical Determinants of Adoption and Utilisation of Information Systems by Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

The adoption and utilisation of information systems (IS) by small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across heterogeneous culture, locales, and markets are a critical and an ongoing challenge. Such challenge requires more than just good ideas and extensive resources. It requires organisational capabilities which can be labelled as “enacted capabilities”. This study defines enacted capabilities as the firm’s ability to mobilise and deploy IS-based resources in combination or co-present with other resources and/or capabilities within SMEs Consequently, the aim of this study is to make a contribution by empirically examining the SMEs enacted capabilities that may influence the success of IS adoption. In line with this objective, an IS adoption behaviour investigation at a deeper level is conducted particularly as to why some SMEs are able to adopt, enabled for use and actively utilise IS, while others fail to do so. A survey of 206 Malaysian SMEs was conducted. The IS examined was the government’s electronic procurement systems. Data was analysed using component-based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) known as Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results indicate that some firm’s enacted capabilities affect the SMEs’ ability to perform or assimilate IS related strategic change. Thus, some SMEs are more capable to respond rapidly to changes in the IS business environment.
Taxonomic revision of the rock-dwelling door snail genus Montenegrina Boettger, 1877 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Clausiliidae)

Abstract The genus Montenegrina is revised on the basis of material available at the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest), Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (Vienna), and the Naturmuseum Senckenberg (Frankfurt am Main), as well as newly discovered populations. The following new taxa are described: Montenegrina haringae sp. n. , Montenegrina lillae sp. n. , Montenegrina prokletiana sp. n. , Montenegrina sturanyana sp. n. , Montenegrina grammica erosszoltani ssp. n. , Montenegrina grammica improvisa ssp. n. , Montenegrina hiltrudae desaretica ssp. n. , Montenegrina hiltrudae selcensis ssp. n. , Montenegrina laxa delii ssp. n. , Montenegrina nana barinai ssp. n. , Montenegrina prokletiana kovacsorum ssp. n. , Montenegrina rugilabris golikutensis ssp. n. , Montenegrina rugilabris gregoi ssp. n. , Montenegrina skipetarica danyii ssp. n. , Montenegrina skipetarica gurelurensis ssp. n. , Montenegrina skipetarica pifkoi ssp. n. , Montenegrina skipetarica puskasi ssp. n. , Montenegrina sporadica tropojana ssp. n. , Montenegrina sturanyana gropana ssp. n. , Montenegrina sturanyana ostrovicensis ssp. n. , and Montenegrina tomorosi hunyadii ssp. n. A neotype is designated for Montenegrina helvola (Küster, 1860), and Montenegrina cattaroensis antivaricostata nom. n. was introduced to replace the junior homonym Clausilia umbilicata costata Boettger, 1907 (non Pfeiffer, 1928). Of each taxon types or specimens from the type localities are figured, and distribution maps are provided.
Predictors for trismus in patients receiving radiotherapy

Abstract Background: Trismus, a restricted mouth opening in head and neck cancer patients may be caused by tumor infiltration in masticatory muscles, radiation-induced fibrosis or scarring after surgery. It may impede oral functioning severely. The aims of our study were to determine: (1) the incidence of trismus at various time points; and (2) the patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics that predict the development of trismus after radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients using a large database (n = 641). Methods: Maximal mouth opening was measured prior to and 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 months after radiotherapy. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were analyzed as potential predictors for trismus using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: At six months after radiotherapy, 28.1% of the patients without trismus prior to radiotherapy developed trismus for the first time. At subsequent time points the incidence declined. Over a total period of 48 months after radiotherapy, the incidence of trismus was 3.6 per 10 person years at risk. Patients who had tumors located in the oral cavity, oropharynx or nasopharynx, and the salivary glands or ear, and who had a longer overall treatment time of radiotherapy, were more likely to develop trismus in the first six months after radiotherapy. Maximal mouth opening was a predictor for developing trismus at all time points. Conclusion: Incidence of trismus is 3.6 per 10 person years at risk. Tumor localization and overall treatment time of radiotherapy are predictors for developing trismus the first six months after radiotherapy. Maximal mouth opening is a significant predictor for developing trismus at all time points. Regular measurements of maximal mouth opening are needed to predict trismus.
Pricing Network Effects: Competition

We study the practice of influencer marketing in oligopoly markets and its effect on market efficiency. In our model, each consumer is influenced by choices of a subset of other consumers. Firms gather information on consumers’ influence and price discriminate using this information. In equilibrium, firms charge premia/subsidize below-/ above-average-influential consumers; the premia/discounts depend on the strength of network effects and on how much information firms have on consumers’ influence. Influencer marketing leads to inefficient consumer-product matches. Firms’ investments in information are strategic complements, leading to a race for information acquisition that erodes welfare and firms’ profits but increases consumer surplus. (JEL D11, D21, D43, D83, D85, L13, M31)
Development and transfer of vocabulary knowledge in Spanish-speaking language minority preschool children

Abstract In this study we evaluated the predictive validity of conceptual scoring. Two independent samples of Spanish-speaking language minority preschoolers (Sample 1: N = 96, mean age = 54·51 months, 54·3% male; Sample 2: N = 116, mean age = 60·70 months, 56·0% male) completed measures of receptive, expressive, and definitional vocabulary in their first (L1) and second (L2) languages at two time points approximately 9–12 months apart. We examined whether unique L1 and L2 vocabulary at time 1 predicted later L2 and L1 vocabulary, respectively. Results indicated that unique L1 vocabulary did not predict later L2 vocabulary after controlling for initial L2 vocabulary. An identical pattern of results emerged for L1 vocabulary outcomes. We also examined whether children acquired translational equivalents for words known in one language but not the other. Results indicated that children acquired translational equivalents, providing partial support for the transfer of vocabulary knowledge across languages.
Salmonellae in meat and poultry, poultry plant cooling waters and effluents, and animal feedingstuffs.

Summary Although a low incidence of salmonellae had been found in 735 broiler chicks in 1961, none were found in 803 carcasses from 4 processing plants in 1966. Small numbers, mainly S. typhimurium, were found in the drains of 2 of these plants when swabs were left for several days. No isolations were made from the waters used to cool broilers or turkeys, or from 84 turkey carcasses. However, 39 of 444 (9%) of duck carcasses harboured S. typhimurium, and 9 of 22 (41%) of duck cooling waters were positive. Two isolations of S. typhimurium were made from 38 samples of pork sausages, and one of S. dublin from 125 samples of frozen boned-out beef. Three of 29 samples of cooked poultry meat were positive for S. typhimurium. In animal feedingstuffs 8 of 112 (7%) of samples of meat and bone meal had 7 different serotypes present, and salmonellae were also found in feather meal, blood meal and pig compound meal. S. typhimurium phage type 23 has been isolated from ducks, poultry meat, pork sausages and meat and bone meal, suggesting a chain of infection. The significance of the isolations of salmonellae from the various sources is discussed, and some methods of control suggested.
The Roles of Nature and Nurture in the Recruitment and Retention of Primary Care Physicians in Rural Areas: A Review of the Literature

Purpose A systematic review of factors associated with recruitment and retention of primary care physicians in rural areas. Method Using PubMed and Medline databases, 21 quantitative articles analyzing recruitment and retention of primary care physicians in rural areas from 1990 to 2000 were found. To assess the methodologic strengths of these articles, a formal evaluation was conducted based on study design, study population, response rate, years studied, data source, and statistical methods (total possible score = 60 points). Studies were grouped by whether the factors assessed were related to pre-medical school, medical school, or residency. Results A total of six studies (score range: 30-52) analyzed pre-medical school factors, 15 (score range: 30-52) considered medical school factors, and six (score range: 20-52) analyzed residency factors related to rural recruitment and retention. Pre-medical school factors such as rural upbringing and specialty preference were most strongly correlated with recruitment of physicians to rural areas. Training factors such as commitment to rural curricula and rotations, particularly during residency, were most strongly correlated with retention in rural areas. Conclusions Although important gaps exist, scientific studies available to health educators and policymakers show there are predictable factors that influence recruitment and retention in rural areas. Policies for staffing rural areas with primary care physicians should be aimed at both selecting the right students and giving them during their formal training the curriculum and the experiences that are needed to succeed in primary care in rural settings.
Empathic dysfunction in psychopathic individuals

Introduction Psychopathy can be considered one of the prototypical disorders associated with empathic dysfunction. Reference to empathic dysfunction is part of the diagnostic criteria of psychopathy (Hare, 1991). The very ability to inflict serious harm to others repeatedly can be, and is (Hare, 1991), an indicator of a profound disturbance in an appropriate ‘empathic’ response to the suffering of another. The goal of this chapter will be to consider the nature of the empathic impairment in psychopathy. First, I will consider the disorder of psychopathy and the definition of empathy. Second, I will consider whether individuals with psychopathy are impaired in ‘cognitive empathy’ or Theory of Mind. Third, I will consider the cognitive and neural architecture mediating ‘emotional empathy’. Fourth, I will consider whether individuals with psychopathy are impaired in ‘emotional empathy’. The disorder of psychopathy The origins of the concept of psychopathy probably originate in the writings of Pritchard (1837); see Pichot (1978). Pritchard developed the concept of ‘moral insanity’ to account for socially damaging or irresponsible behaviour that was not associated with known forms of mental disorder. He attributed morally objectionable behaviour to be a consequence of a diseased ‘moral faculty’. While the notion of a ‘moral faculty’ has been dropped, modern psychiatric classifications such as the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (currently, DSM-IV) make reference to syndromes associated with high levels of antisocial behaviour: conduct disorder (CD) in children and antisocial personality disorder (APD) in adults.
Occurrence of beta‐hexachlorocyclohexane in breast cancer patients

The residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and neutral organochlorine compounds in breast fat of 44 breast cancer patients and 33 women free of cancer were determined. No statistically significant differences appeared between the two comparison groups with regard to occurrence of PAH compounds. of the neutral organochlorine compounds, residues of beta‐hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) were found more frequently in breast cancer patients. After adjusting for age and parity by stepwise logistic regression, beta‐HCH remained a significant risk factor of breast cancer. Using a cutoff point for the residue level of beta‐HCH in breast adipose tissue of more than 0.1 mg/kg fat, the odds ratio was 10.51 (95% CI, 2.00–55.26).
Footprint in brain.

To the Editor: We report a 14-year-old boy who presented with generalized tonic-clonic convulsions and altered sensorium to neurological emergency unit of our hospital. There was no significant past history. Neurological examination within 45 minutes of the seizure revealed a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6/15 (no eye or verbal response to painful stimuli and he had a withdrawal motor response [E1V1M4]). He received the basic ABCs of emergency. His biochemical parameters were normal. Dilantin was administered, and a computed tomography scan of his brain showed a large, well-defined oval hypodense lesion in left parieto-occipital region with multiple, small, well-defined rounded hypodense lesions arranged peripherally around it on 1 side resembling a human footprint, with significant mass effect and midline shift. The features were suggestive of hydatid cyst with multiple daughter cysts (Figure 1). The patient underwent an urgent craniotomy and excision of all cysts. Postoperatively, the patient had excellent recovery and was started on albendazole. Hydatid cyst in humans is caused by Echinococcus granulosus and less frequently by Echinococcus multilocularis. Whatever the site of the hydatid cyst, there are certain peculiar imaging signs for it, and authors have given them interesting names, depending on the internal architect and the shapes that they resemble, which include water lily or iceberg sign, honeycomb sign, meniscus sign, onion peel sign, inverse crescent sign, the signet ring sign, and pomegranate sign. These signs have been described for the lungs and liver, and no peculiar imaging sign has been described for brain hydatidosis. On the computed tomography scan, our patient had a large hydatid cyst with multiple rounded daughter cysts arranged peripherally and resembling a human footprint. We termed it a footprint sign. Such a picture has not been described so far in literature. We believe that the footprint sign should be recognized as one of the radiological signs for hydatid cyst.
Primary inoculation skin tuberculosis by accidental needle stick

A 42-year-old female laboratory worker presented with a left index finger skin lesion after an accidental prick while handling samples of a cultural exam of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Surgical excision was performed and pathology analysis revealed a dermic chronic inflammatory process with no granulomas. Later, a non-painful lymphadenopathy appeared in the left axilla as well as brownish indurated skin lesions in the lower limbs consistent with erythema nodosum. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lymph node revealed epithelioid granulomas, Langhans’ multinucleated giant cells and the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Standard tuberculosis treatment resulted in regression of lesions and no relapses occurred in the 2-year follow-up period.
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Regulation of Aquaporin Gene Expression in Human Amnion Epithelia

Cell membrane aquaporins (AQPs) may con t r i b u t e importantly to the regulation of intramembranous absorption of amniotic fluid. Recently, the authors demonstrated that human amnion AQP3 expression is upregulated by second-messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The present study was undertaken to determine the cAMP regulation of other AQP types, specifically AQP1, 8, and 9, in human amnion epithelia in vitro. Human amnion epithelial cell cultures were prepared from amnion of normal-term pregnancy. To investigate the effect of cAMP on AQP expression, primary human amnion cell cultures were incubated for 2, 10, and 20 hours with culture medium containing either 50 µM forskolin, an adenylate cyclase activator that stimulates cellular production of cAMP, or 100 µM SP-cAMP, a cAMP agonist that stimulates protein kinase A. Total RNA was isolated from the cultured cells, and semiquantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was carried out to determine the relative level of AQPs mRNA expression. In primary amnion epithelial cell culture, AQP1 mRNA expression increased significantly at 10 hours (0.219 ± 0.006 to 0.314 ± 0.008, P < .05) and remained elevated for 20 hours (0.223 ± 0.004 to 0.323 ± 0.012, P < .05) following forskolin treatment. AQP8 mRNA expression increased significantly at 2 hours (0.069 ± 0.003 to 0.086 ± 0.012, P < .05) and remained upregulated for 20 hours following forskolin treatment. Forskolin stimulation of AQP9 mRNA expression was evidenced by 10 hours (0.098 ± 0.005 to 0.115 ± 0.006, P < .05) and maintained for 20 hours. In contrast to forskolin, SP-cAMP incubation resulted in no change in AQP1, 8, or 9 mRNA expression. Human amnion epithelial cell AQP1, 8, and 9 mRNA expression is upregulated by cAMP as their expression is simulated by forskolin. Lack of effect of SP-cAMP, the protein kinase A activator, on AQP1, 8, and 9 mRNA expression suggests that cAMP upregulates human amnion AQP1, 8, and 9 mRNA expression via the protein kinase A independent pathway.
Perceptions of Iranian Cancer Patients Regarding Respecting their Dignity in Hospital Settings.

BACKGROUND There are several factors that threaten the dignity of cancer patients in hospital settings. However, there is limited literature regarding the degree to which dignity of cancer patients is actually respected in daily clinical practice. The aims of this study were therefore to explore cancer patient perceptions of respecting their dignity and related variables in an Iranian cancer specific center. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive-correlational study was carried out among 250 cancer patients admitted to a cancer specific center in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. These patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. RESULTS The patients' scores in 18 out of 25 items of PDI were 3 or greater which indicate the importance of considering these items in clinical settings. Also, the score of patients in three sub-scales of PDI including illness-related concerns, personal dignity, and social dignity were 74, 65 and 57, respectively (based on a total 100). The overall score of PDI was statistically associated with age, history of disease recurrence, education, employment and economic status of participants. CONCLUSIONS According to the study findings the dignity of Iranian cancer patients is not completely respected in clinical settings which require special considerations. As nurses spend more time at patients' bedsides, they have an important role in maintaining and promoting dignified care.
Identifying paths of SME pursuing international buyers, and the influence of third parties: A promising tool for Latin American Agri-Food SMEs

The present paper analyses the effective processes that agri-food SMEs from Latin America have followed to obtain the necessary resources and capabilit ies so as to reach an international buyer. Drawing upon theories on Resource-based view (Barney 1991) an d social network (Granovetter 1973), qualitative data collected empirically from five agri-f ood SMEs in Mexico are compared and contrasted using a grounded theory approach (Eisenhardt 1989). A set of testable propositions suggest that agri-food SMEs in Latin Americ a go through three events that ultimately leverage unique resources and capabilities
Design of a 1-metre reflectarray for DBS application with 15% bandwidth

A one-meter reflectarray has been designed for a DBS European coverage in a 15% frequency band (10.95- 12.75 GHz). The reflectarray is made of three stacked layers of printed arrays with rectangular patches. The dimensions of the staked patches are optimised in each element to ensure the required coverage at live frequencies in the working band. The radiation patterns fulfil the contour requirements for both H- and V- polarisation in the required frequency band.
Field evaluation of a self-propelled sprayer and effects of the application rate on spray deposition and losses to the ground in greenhouse tomato crops.

BACKGROUND In the greenhouses of south-eastern Spain, plant protection products are applied using mainly sprayers at high pressures and high volumes. This results in major losses on the ground and less than uniform spray deposition on the canopy. Recently, self-propelled vehicles equipped with vertical spray booms have appeared on the market. In this study, deposition on the canopy and the losses to the ground at different spray volumes have been compared, using a self-propelled vehicle with vertical spray booms versus a gun sprayer. Three different spray volumes have been tested with a boom sprayer, and two with a spray gun. RESULTS The vehicle with the vertical spray boom gave similar depositions to those made with the gun, but at lower application volumes. Also, the distribution of the vertical spray boom was more uniform, with lower losses to the ground. CONCLUSIONS The vertical spray booms used in tomato crops improve the application of plant protection products with respect to the spray gun, reducing the application volumes and the environmental risks of soil pollution.
EVOLVING TRENDS OF SUPPLIER SELECTION CRITERIA AND METHODS

Increasing importance of Supply Chain Management (SCM) is forcing organizations to reconsider and improvise their purchasing related matters. In lieu to that, the supplier selection process plays an important role in the purchasing activity. The supplier selection process has undergone significant changes during the past forty years. These changes have been beneficial to both the purchasing clients and the suppliers. The supplier selection decision making involves multi-criteria comprising both qualitative and quantitative criteria. Sometimes, there might be some contradictions between tangible and intangible criteria which may necessitate trade-off between the conflicting criteria. This paper provides an overall picture of research on supplier selection problems and supplier selection practices. Different selection criteria, emerging issues of supplier selection and the solutions are summarized. This review showed that the application of structured decision making technique is important especially under the complex condition that involves both the qualitative and quantitative criteria.