Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Packet Processing: A Survey

The exponential growth of data traffic, which is not expected to stop anytime soon, brought about a vast amount of advancements in the networking field. Latest network interfaces support data rates in the range of 40 Gb/s and higher. This, however, does not guarantee higher packet processing speeds which are limited due to the overheads imposed by the architecture of the network stack. Nevertheless, there is a great need for a speedup in the forwarding engine, which is the most important part of a high-speed router. For this reason, many software-based and hardware-based solutions have emerged recently with a goal of increasing packet processing speeds. An operating system’s networking stack is conceived for general purpose communications rather than high-speed networking applications. In this paper, we investigate multiple approaches that attempt to improve packet processing performance on server-class network hosts, either by using software, hardware, or the combination of the two. We survey various solutions, among which some are based on the Click modular router, which offloads its functions on different types of hardware like graphics processing units, field programmable gate arrays or different cores among different servers with parallel execution. Furthermore, we explore other software solutions which are not based on the Click modular router. We compare them in terms of the domain in which they operate (user-space or kernel-space). Then we compare them based on their use of zero-copy techniques, batch packet processing, and parallelism. We also discuss different hardware solutions and compare them additionally in terms of the type of hardware that they use, their usage of CPU and how they connect with it. Furthermore, we discuss the integration possibilities in virtualized environments of the described solutions, their constraints and their requirements. At last, we discuss the latest approaches and the future directions in the field of fast packet processing.
Optical Surface Scanning for Patient Positioning in Radiation Therapy: A Prospective Analysis of 1902 Fractions

Purpose/Objective: Reproducible patient positioning remains one of the major challenges in modern radiation therapy. Recently, optical surface scanners have been introduced into clinical practice in addition to well-established positioning systems, such as room laser and skin marks. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate setup errors of the optical surface scanner Catalyst HD (C-RAD AB) in different anatomic regions. Material/Methods: Between October 2016 and June 2017 a total of 1902 treatment sessions in 110 patients were evaluated. The workflow of this study included conventional setup procedures using laser-based positioning with skin marks and an additional registration of the 3-dimensional (3D) deviations detected by the Catalyst system. The deviations of the surface-based method were then compared to the corrections of cone beam computed tomography alignment which was considered as gold standard. A practical Catalyst setup error was calculated between the translational deviations of the surface scanner and the laser positioning. Two one-sided t tests for equivalence were used for statistical analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed total deviations of 0.09 mm ± 2.03 mm for the lateral axis, 0.07 mm ± 3.21 mm for the longitudinal axis, and 0.44 mm ± 3.08 mm vertical axis for the Catalyst system, compared to −0.06 ± 3.54 mm lateral, 0.53 ± 3.47 mm longitudinal, and 0.19 ± 3.49 mm vertical for the laser positioning compared to cone beam computed tomography. The lowest positional deviations were found in the cranial region, and larger deviations occurred in the thoracic and abdominal sites. A statistical comparison using 2 one-sided t tests showed a general concordance of the 2 methods (P ≤ 0.036), excluding the vertical direction of the abdominal region (P = 0.198). Conclusion: The optical surface scanner Catalyst HD is a reliable and feasible patient positioning system without any additional radiation exposure. From the head to the thoracic and abdominal region, a decrease in accuracy was observed within a comparable range for Catalyst and laser-assisted positioning.
A tissue communication network coordinating innate immune response during muscle stress

ABSTRACT Complex tissue communication networks function throughout an organism's lifespan to maintain tissue homeostasis. Using the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster, we have defined a network of immune responses that are activated following the induction of muscle stresses, including hypercontraction, detachment and oxidative stress. Of these stressors, loss of the genes that cause muscle detachment produced the strongest levels of JAK-STAT activation. In one of these mutants, fondue (fon), we also observe hemocyte recruitment and the accumulation of melanin at muscle attachment sites (MASs), indicating a broad involvement of innate immune responses upon muscle detachment. Loss of fon results in pathogen-independent Toll signaling in the fat body and increased expression of the Toll-dependent antimicrobial peptide Drosomycin. Interestingly, genetic interactions between fon and various Toll pathway components enhance muscle detachment. Finally, we show that JAK-STAT and Toll signaling are capable of reciprocal activation in larval tissues. We propose a model of tissue communication for the integration of immune responses at the local and systemic level in response to altered muscle physiology. Summary: Activation of Drosophila innate immune responses is coordinated at local and systemic levels through tissue crosstalk following disruptions to muscle homeostasis.
Factors related to Preoperative Anxiety among Patients undergoing Abdominal Surgery in Phu Tho Province General Hospital, Vietnam

1 นสตระดบบณฑตศกษา หลกสตรพยาบาลศาสตรบณฑต (หลกสตรนานาชาต) คณะพยาบาลศาสตร มหาวทยาลยบรพา 2 สาขาวชาการพยาบาลผใหญ คณะพยาบาลศาสตร มหาวทยาลยบรพา 3 สาขาวชาการพยาบาลสขภาพจตและจตเวช คณะพยาบาลศาสตร มหาวทยาลยบรพา 1 Master Degree Nursing Student in Adult Nursing Division (International Program), Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Thailand 2 Adult Nursing Division, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Thailand 3 Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing Division, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University, Thailand
Burkholderia Cepacia Endophthalmitis: An Unusual Presentation

Purpose: To report three cases of Burkholderia cepacia endophthalmitis following uneventful phacoemulsification surgery. Case Report: Three cases presented with blurriness of vision 2 to 3 weeks following phacoemulsification. Vitreous culture confirmed the diagnosis. Pars plana vitrectomy with intravitreal injection of vancomycin (1 mg/0.1 ml) and ceftazidime (2.25 mg/0.1 ml) was performed. Despite several modalities of treatment, 2 cases did not respond to intravitreal antibiotics and vitrectomy. The first case ended up with phthisis bulbi and the second case underwent evisceration. One case improved after intravitreal injection of the first dose of antibiotic. Conclusion: B. cepacia endophthalmitis is rare and difficult to treat. More studies are necessary to understand the course and outcome of the infection.
The uses of court‐ordered psychiatric and psychological reports in south Australian magistrates' courts

This article examines the uses of mental health reports requested by magistrates in South Australia through the Court Assessment Unit over a six month period in 1999. A total of 91 requests were made over this period, of which 67 were for psychiatric reports and 16 for psychological reports. In the other instances, either both types of report were requested or the magistrate did not specify which professional should complete the report A small number of magistrates were responsible for a large number of requests, suggesting some inconsistency in the use of the court report service. Magistrate satisfaction with the reports submitted was overwhelmingly high, with dissatisfaction reported only in cases where a case was transferred to a different magistrate. The data showed that the types of request made to the different professionals were broadly consistent with professional expectations, although in some areas requests might have more appropriately been directed at the other group. This was particularly apparent in cases related to competency and fitness to plead, where greater use could be made of psychological opinion. A number of recommendations are made as a result of the data, including providing training for magistrates on the uses of psychiatric/psychological opinion in court and the adoption of a standardised form for making report requests.
District Chief U.S. Geological Survey

An inventory of published studies that address freshwater ecology within the New England Coastal Basins was created through computerized bibliographic literature searches and consultation with environmental agencies. Assembled papers were classified to associate their contents with one or more states, ecoregions, river basins, and ecological topics. Full references and their classifications were entered into a bibliographic software program and then exported to a data-base application to generate a checklist summary of study contents. This report presents a listing and classification of 154 selected studies, published between 1937 and 1997, that provide background knowledge and serve as general aquatic-ecology references for the New England Coastal Basins study area.
Model Predictive Control for Switching Gain Adaptation in a Sliding Mode Controller of a DC Drive with Nonlinear Friction

This paper presents an optimal, robust, adaptive tuning strategy based on a linear model predictive control (LMPC) scheme for the switching gain of a sliding mode control (SMC). The LMPC employs a moving horizon, where the dynamics of the sliding-mode-controlled system is addressed. The control design is presented exemplary for a DC drive which is subject to both nonlinear friction as well as model uncertainty. The overall control has a cascade structure. In the inner control loop for the currents, a flatness-based control is used. The outer control loop involves an integral sliding mode control of the angular velocity that is combined with a LMPC that adapts the switching height of the discontinuous control action.
Hospital Waste Generation and Management Status in Rasht, North of Iran

Background: We aimed to evaluate the quantity of waste generation and quality of hospital waste management among all hospitals in Rasht, North of Iran. Methods: In this hospital-based cross sectional study all 16 hospitals in city of Rasht were evaluated. The questionnaire included information about general characteristics of hospital, daily amount of hospital waste, and the structure of waste management. The mean generation of hospital wastes were calculated as per capita rate measured in kg per bed per day for different kinds of wastes. Results: The mean weight of total hospital waste was 4.46 kg/bed/day (95%CI: 3.32-5.59) including 2.76 kg/bed/day (95%CI: 2.02-3.51) general wastes and 1.69 kg/bed/day (95%CI: 1.142.24) hazardous wastes. The hazardous wastes comprised 36% of total hospital wastes. All hospital adhered to safe management of wastes including segregation (100%), equipment with treatment technologies (100%), having suitable temporal storage place (100%), and storage for less than 24 hours in temporal place (69%). Conclusion: The percentage of hazardous hospital waste was higher than estimated percentage by world health organization. Regarding to observing safe management of wastes in all hospitals, there is a need to give more attention to sustainable development of hospital wastes in the acquisition and use of resources.
Generalized Zero-Shot Recognition Based on Visually Semantic Embedding

We propose a novel Generalized Zero-Shot learning (GZSL) method that is agnostic to both unseen images and unseen semantic vectors during training. Prior works in this context propose to map high-dimensional visual features to the semantic domain, which we believe contributes to the semantic gap. To bridge the gap, we propose a novel low-dimensional embedding of visual instances that is “visually semantic. ” Analogous to semantic data that quantifies the existence of an attribute in the presented instance, components of our visual embedding quantifies existence of a prototypical part-type in the presented instance. In parallel, as a thought experiment, we quantify the impact of noisy semantic data by utilizing a novel visual oracle to visually supervise a learner. These factors, namely semantic noise, visual-semantic gap and label noise lead us to propose a new graphical model for inference with pairwise interactions between label, semantic data, and inputs. We tabulate results on a number of benchmark datasets demonstrating significant improvement in accuracy over state-of-art under both semantic and visual supervision.
Aalborg Universitet Pain and sensory abnormalities in Parkinson ’ s disease an age-and gender-matched controlled pilot study

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THROMBOEMBOLISM IN PREGNANCY AND ITS MANAGEMENT

Normal pregnancy is accompanied by dramatic changes in the haemostatic mechanisms. There is an overall increase in the coagulation factors, particularly fibrinogen, and suppression of fibrinolysis. Together with the increased total blood volume these changes help to combat the hazard of haemorrhage at delivery, but carry with them an increased risk of thromboembolism. Pulmonary embolism having been the second most frequent cause of maternal mortality since 1955 has now become the major single cause of maternal death associated with pregnancy. 4 7 death\s were coded to pulmonary embolism in the triennium 1976-78, approximately one-third occurring in the antenatal period (DHSS, 1982). It is difficult, however, to obtain accurate data for the incidence of non-fatal deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism because these conditions are not easy to diagnose with precision in the non-pregnant state and present even greater difficulties in pregnancy. At Queen Charlotte's Maternity Hospital there have been 20 cases of deep vein thrombosis and 10 cases of pulmonary embolism associated with about 3 5 000 deliveries between 1970 and 1980-an overall incidence of 0.09% (de Swiet et al, 1981). We are faced therefore with the difficult problem of managing a condition which occurs rarely in pregnancy but which is a major cause of maternal mortality.
Cognitive Function and Impairment in Older, Rural South African Adults: Evidence from “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in Rural South Africa”

Background/Aims: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment, and the sociodemographic and comorbid predictors of cognitive function among older, rural South African adults. Methods: Data were from a population-based study of 5,059 adults aged ≥40 years in rural South Africa in 2015. Cognitive impairment was defined as scoring ≤1.5 SDs below the mean composite time orientation and memory score, or requiring a proxy interview with “fair” or “poor” proxy-reported memory. Multiple linear regression estimated the sociodemographic and comorbid predictors of cognitive score, with multiplicative statistical interactions between each of age and sex with education. Results: Cognitive impairment increased with age, from 2% of those aged 40–44 (11/516) to 24% of those aged ≥75 years (214/899). The independent predictors of lower cognitive score were being older, female, unmarried, not working, having low education, low household wealth, and a history of cardiovascular conditions. Education modified the negative associations between female sex, older age, and cognitive function score. Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment increased with age and is comparable to rates of dementia reported in other sub-Saharan African countries. Age and sex differences in cognitive function scores were minimized as education increased, potentially reflecting the power of even poor-quality education to improve cognitive reserve.
International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology State, trait anxiety and selective attention differences in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes

State anxiety; Trait anxiety; Selective attention; Ex post facto design Abstract One of the disorders that most affects school performance is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The criteria established by DSM distinguish three subtypes: inat- tentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined. However, the expression of this disorder can be altered by its association with other disorders such as anxiety. The main goals of this study were to determine whether different patterns of attention (selective and concentration) and anxiety (state and trait anxiety) emerge from ADHD subtypes, and analyze how anxiety predicts the performance of students with ADHD in a selective attention task. The sample was made up of 220 children (6-12 years) divided into four groups: control group (n = 56), inattentive sub- type (n = 54), hyperactive-impulsive subtype (n = 53), and combined subtype (n = 57). The results indicated that the groups differed significantly in the attention variables, and in state and trait anxiety. Multiple group comparisons revealed that the combined subtype exhibited higher trait anxiety, whereas the inattentive subtype showed more state anxiety. Additionally, trait anxiety predicted the students' performance in the concentration variable of the attention task. These results suggest a novel path of significant interest concerning objective and reliable diagnostic assessment of ADHD. © 2014 Asociacion Espa˜
Explicit Model of Channel Charge, Backscattering, and Mobility for Graphene FET in Quasi-Ballistic Regime

Ballistic (collision free) and drift-diffusive (collision dominated) transport mechanisms are both present in graphene, and they together contribute in the current conduction in a graphene FET (GFET). In this paper, we propose an analytical drain current model based on ballistic (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}_{B}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and drift-diffusive (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}_{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) charge densities, backscattering coefficient (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and quasi-ballistic mobility (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu _{\text {eff}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}_{B}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is calculated using the McKelvey flux theory and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}_{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> using the surface potential approach. A closed-form analytical expression is derived for the backscattering coefficient, which is valid under both low and high electric field conditions. The effective quasi-ballistic mobility is obtained by considering both scattering-dominated and scattering free mobilities. The proposed model is well aligned with experimental data, in all regions of operation, for single- and double-gate GFETs.
Design and Performance Analysis of Single-Phase Pre-Saturated Core Fault Current Limiters

The technology of a presaturated core fault current limiter (PCFCL) has particular importance due to its instantaneous limitation of the fault current in electric power grids and keeping its value below the ratings of the switchgear or circuit breakers with a reasonable safety margin. In this paper, a design methodology of single-phase, simple nonsuperconducting magnetic coils, PCFCL is proposed based on extensive electromagnetic time-domain finite-element simulations taking into account the relative performances of the constructive design parameters. These controlled finite-element simulations allow fine realistic details, such as the nonlinear magnetic saturation behavior of the iron core to be included, and studying the effect on general performance during dynamic reactions of the system. Moreover, the dynamic behavior of PCFCL is characterized in terms of steady-state voltage drop across its terminals, counter electromotive force induced on the dc coil terminals, and limitation factor of the fault current. Dual-core and single-core designs are investigated with a comparison of their ability of limiting the fault current. Results reveal that the dual-core design has superior performance than that of the single-core one. Finally, a design methodology flowchart has been proposed which depends on the extensive simulation results of different PCFCL topologies and published experimental results, where changing either the governing constructive parameters or the magnetic iron core design are considered.
Disentangling Sources of Influence in Online Social Networks

Information propagation in online social networks is facilitated by two types of influence - endogenous (peer) influence that acts between users of the social network and exogenous (external) that corresponds to various external mediators such as online news media. However, inference of these influences from data remains a challenge, especially when data on the activation of users is scarce. In this paper we propose a methodology that yields estimates of both endogenous and exogenous influence using only a social network structure and a single activation cascade. Our method exploits the statistical differences between the two types of influence - endogenous is dependent on the social network structure and current state of each user while exogenous is independent of these. We evaluate our methodology on simulated activation cascades as well as on cascades obtained from several large Facebook political survey applications. We show that our methodology is able to provide estimates of endogenous and exogenous influence in online social networks, characterize activation of each individual user as being endogenously or exogenously driven, and identify most influential groups of users.
Autonomic Disturbances in the Guillain-Barre Syndromé

A variety of disturbances of autonomic function occur in the Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Although many are of little significance to the patient, others mav be more serious and inHuence morbidity and mortality. Since patients now seldom die from respiratory failure in GBS, autonomic dysfunction has become a major cause of' mortality. We reviewed 169 cases of GBS at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) over the period of 1962 to 198 1 . ' In that series, 65% of all pa tients '