Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different Channel, Same Strategy? Filling Empirical Gaps in Congress Literature

Political scientists frequently study the public communications of members of Congress to better understand their electoral strategies, policy responsiveness, ability to influence public opinion and media coverage of Congress. However, di↵erent studies base their conclusions on di↵erent communication channels, including (among others) member websites, newsletters, press releases, and social media. These scholars have taken these individual sources as fully representative of the communication strategy of the elected ocial as a whole. However, what has not been asked is whether members communicate the same or di↵erent messages across these di↵ering channels? In this paper we look at the members’ press releases, Twitter, and Facebook messages sent from August to December 2014 in order to study to what extent their communication strategy is consistent across channels. We use an automatic semi-supervised method to classify the messages into political issues and to assess the validity of inferring broader communication patterns from a single source. Do members tend to highlight the same or di↵erent issues, and attempt to appeal to the same or di↵erent audiences across di↵erent communications channels? Does message consistency vary over time or context such as district competitiveness? Through this work we aim to give an empirical grounding to the implied notion that studying one communication channel is a proxy for studying all communication channels.
Complementarities between workplace organisation and human resource management: evidence from Swiss firm-level panel data

Owing to changes in the business environment, there has been a tremendous adoption of innovative workplace organization (WO) and human resource (HR) practices during the last few decades. Assuming a holistic perspective on human resource management (HRM), the present study establishes the hypothesis of mutually reinforcing WO and HR practices that, thus, constitute a so-called innovative HRM system. Precisely, it is argued that there may be a complementary relationship between a more decentralized way of allocating tasks and decision rights on the one hand and continuing training (or skilled labour), incentive pay or a more intensive use of long-term, as opposed to temporary, employment on the other. This hypothesis is examined empirically using latest nationally representative panel data of about 2’500 firms in Switzerland and applying econometric estimation techniques on the basis of an augmented Cobb-Douglas production function. The estimation results show statistically significant complementarities between the WO and HR practices mentioned above. In addition, so-called innovative HRM systems of mutually reinforcing WO and HR practices increase firm performance significantly. These results are robust to unobserved firm heterogeneity and to the problem of reversed causality.
Visualisation and Reasoning in Explaining the Phases of the Moon

In this study, we examine how subjects set up, transform, and reason with models that they establish on the basis of known facts as they seek to explain a familiar everyday phenomenon—the phases of the moon. An interview schedule was designed to elicit subjects’ reasoning, and in the case where explanations were mistaken, to induce a change in explanation. Detailed interviews of eight participants were videotaped and their reasoning analysed to highlight the difficulties encountered, the interaction between physical and geometrical aspects, simplification and idealisation processes, interplay between facts, concepts and visualisation, and the use of external visualisations through gestures and diagrams. We suggest that visualisation is an important process in science learning, and point to the importance of developing among students the ability to work with diagrams.
Investigation of the Roles of Advertising Tools of the Product Label and Test, in the Purchase Intention a New Product

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to Investigation of the roles of advertising tools of the Product label and Test, in the Purchase Intention a New Product. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a 2 £ 2 factorial design with 200 participants and linear regressionof method to test hypotheses. Findings – results show that the variables of customer satisfaction and perceived risk and knowledge (as independent variable) has a significantly effect on purchase intention, Mean product label and test strategies have important roles in the Purchase Intention a New Product. but the findings of this study has shown more importance of product test tool (support H1 in four groups) than product label ( not support H3a) in the introduction of a new product of FMCG food. Research limitations/implications –future studies should use different products/brands among a wider range of consumers. Both product risk and consumer knowledge are multidimensional constructs, thus it will be interesting for future studies to manipulate different facets of those constructs (e.g. financial risk, procedural knowledge) Practical implications – Those findings imply that companies can more invest of product testing promotional tool as customer satisfaction for introduce new products. Originality/value –This is one of survey- empirical studies on real customers and is a attempt to evaluate the strategies of risk reduction of a new product in the FMCG.
L-FUZZY CONVEXITY INDUCED BY L-CONVEX FUZZY SUBLATTICE DEGREE

In this paper, the notion of L-convex fuzzy sublattices is introduced and their characterizations are given. Furthermore, the notion of the degree to which an L-subset is an L-convex fuzzy sublattice is proposed and its some characterizations are given. Besides, the L-convex fuzzy sublattice degrees of the homomorphic image and pre-image of an L-subset are studied. Finally, we obtain an L-fuzzy convexity, which is induced by the L-convex fuzzy sublattice degrees, in the sense of Shi and Xiu.
Change in prescription and medical services costs and utilization: an employer initiated diabetes disease management program in a community pharmacy setting

Background, aims and scope: Diabetes is a considerable economic burden on the healthcare system and is one of the leading chronic diseases targeted by managed care organization to reduce cost. Methods: The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of an employer initiated, patient-centered diabetes disease management program in a community pharmacy setting on reducing per member per year medical services and prescription drug costs and utilization. Further, improvement in clinical indicators from baseline was assessed in this cohort. Trained pharmacists administered the program including, but not limited to, clinical assessments, developing a personalized medication plan, patient education and self-monitoring guidance. Individualized follow-up visits were scheduled approximately every 2 months to monitor routine progress. The diabetes disease management program was initiated in 2007 and continued through 2008. It was anticipated that the effect of the intervention would not be immediate; thus, outcomes were compared across the 2 years of the intervention: 2007 and 2008. A comparison of economic and clinical outcomes was conducted on 85 enrollees who had at least 3 visits. Economic outcomes were assessed in terms of difference in all-cause utilization and costs, for prescription drugs and medical services. Results: Prescription drug utilization increased significantly by 12 claims per member per year from 2007 to 2008 (p=<0.0001). A significant increase was observed in average per member prescription payments by $1,550 (p=<0.0001) in these years. Although not significant, mean medical charge per member reduced from $15,180 in 2007 to $11,590 in 2008 and total healthcare cost reduced by $2,090 from 2007 to 2008. Clinical indicators (HbA1C and blood pressure) significantly improved from 2007 to 2008. Conclusion: An employer initiated, patient-centered diabetes disease management program in a pharmacy setting had an impact in optimizing medical services and prescription drug costs and utilization.
LEARNING IN COBWEB EXPERIMENTS

Different theories of expectation formation and learning usually yield different outcomes for realized market prices in dynamic models. The purpose of this paper is to investigate expectation formation and learning in a controlled experimental environment. Subjects are asked to predict the next period's aggregate price in a dynamic commodity market model with feedback from individual expectations. Subjects have no information about underlying market equilibrium equations, but can learn by observing past price realizations and predictions. We conduct a stable, an unstable, and a strongly unstable treatment. In the stable treatment, rational expectations (RE) yield a good description of observed aggregate price fluctuations: prices remain close to the RE steady state. In the unstable treatments, prices exhibit large fluctuations around the RE steady state. Although the sample mean of realized prices is close to the RE steady state, the amplitude of the price fluctuations as measured by the variance is significantly larger than the amplitude under RE, implying persistent excess volatility. However, agents' forecasts are boundedly rational in the sense that fluctuations in aggregate prices are unpredictable and exhibit no forecastable structure that could easily be exploited.
Developing Culturally Competent Teachers: An International Student Teaching Field Experience.

This study offers a theoretical construct for better understanding how experiential learning enables student teachers to acquire social and cultural variation skills, develop cultural empathy in the K-12 classroom, and the transference of these skills to new educational situations. An Australian and United States research team used a phenomenological approach to explore the connections between the skills student teachers acquire and the application of these newly developed skills to professional practices. Participants were a group of United States pre-teachers who enrolled in a 5 week teaching experience in Australia. Findings show that participation in cultural based events is part of a complex decision making process. The variety of cultures that now exist in schools requires new teachers to obtain and apply a skillset that promotes manoeuvrability through, and an understanding of the many definitions of culture. A better understanding of this process may strengthen curricula and improvements in teacher education program delivery and further enhance higher education study-abroad international partnerships.
Nutritional value of three Blattodea species used as feed for animals

Unlike the past when insects were primarily used as feed for companion animals, today the usage of insects as an alternative source of nutrients in farm animal diets is also considered. The insects are generally known to be a sufficient source of protein and lipids. However, the nutritional requirements of animals are specified not only by nutrients quantity but also quality. Although the amino acid profile is the decisive characteristic of protein quality, it ́s composition is known only for a few insect species. Yi et al. (2013) reported insect protein quality to be higher than soyabean and lower than casein proteins. Barroso et al. (2014) stated that amino acid profile of some Diptera is superior to soyabean meal. From this point of view, the insect protein quality could also be compared with some conventional feed protein sources. On the other hand, Bosch et al. (2014) found that in vitro digestibility of insect protein is lower than that of commercially available protein feedstuffs. The quality of lipids depends on ABSTRACT. Nutrient contents of subadult and adult Blaptica dubia, Blaberus discoidalis and Blatta lateralis roaches, commonly used as feed source for insectivorous animals in captivity, were determined.
The Effects of Gender Quotas in Latin American National Elections

This study investigates the effects of gender quotas in national elections on political participation, public policy, and corruption in Latin America. We are able to replicate the findings from previous research that women in politics do affect these outcomes, but only when we treat the number of women in parliament as exogenous. We argue, however, that the introduction of gender quotas caused an – in this context – exogenous increase in women’s representation, and while we find that quotas in Latin America increased the number of women in parliament, we find no substantial effects beyond mere representation. The mechanisms for these findings are scrutinized, and we find no indications that quota women are more marginalized than other elected women in Latin American parliaments. Hence, increasing women’s representation by means of gender quotas may not result in the same outcomes as an increased representation in non-quota elections.
Company Income Tax and Investment Decisions: A Behavioural Approach

This study examined the effect of Company Income Tax [CIT] on investment decisions of companies liable under the CIT Act in Nigeria. Questionnaire was designed to collect data from 180 companies in the South West Zone. Findings revealed that CIT has influence on the rate of return on investment, and investment evaluation criteria. Tax incentives motivate investment and on the overall, tax was considered to be very important when compared with other factors affecting investment decisions. Part of the recommendations was that tax policy should aim at fostering economic growth: investment in new capital encourages implementation of new production techniques and introduction of new products.
Metaphor-related figurative language comprehension in clinical populations: a critical review

This paper aims to critically review current studies with respect to definitions, methods, and results on the comprehension of metaphor, metonymy, idioms, and proverbs under the following clinical conditions: aphasia, Alzheimer’s disease, autism, brain injuries, specific language impairment, and Williams Syndrome. A comprehensive search of experimental psycholinguistic research was conducted using EBSCOhost, PsychInfo, PUBMED, and Web of Science databases. Thirty-eight studies met the review inclusion criteria. Results point to deficits in figurative language comprehension in all conditions considered, lack of clear definitions of the phenomena investigated, and varied methods throughout the sample. Patients’ difficulties are attributed to multiple factors, such as a lack of Theory of Mind, executive dysfunctions, and poor semantic knowledge. The study of nonliteral aspects of language comprehension in clinical populations reveals a range of disparate impairments. There was no specific feature about metaphor-related phenomena identified that could, on its own, account for the difficulty some populations have to understand figurative language. Rather, metaphor-related language comprehension difficulties are often part of pragmatic, linguistic, and/or cognitive impairments.
An Empirical Study on the Effects of Regional Financial Structure’s Transformation on Economic Growth: Based on the Data of Henan Province, China

Based on the data of Henan province during the year of 1994 to 2013, this paper empirically tests the effects of regional financial structure on economic growth by employing some econometric methods, such as Cointegration, Granger causality test, impulse response and variance decomposition based on VAR etc. The results are as follows: to some extent, the transformation of Henan province’s financial structure has a negative effect on its economic growth, but variance decomposition shows that the negative effect is very limited.
Noise and environmental pollution from transport: decisive problems in developing ecologically efficient transport systems

The paper discusses problems of sustainable development of transport systems with special attention paid to noise pollution and emission of harmful compounds of exhaust gases. It presents traffic flow model for a transport network, which can be applied for estimation of external costs of transport resulting from congestion and congestion-related effects like noise and harmful emission. Model includes structure of vehicle stock, segmentation of transport, characteristics of roads and elements of surroundings. It allows for computational experiments with traffic distribution into transport network and traffic management and, in consequence, estimation of environmental effects of traffic flow. Formal model was supported by numerical example for transport network of Mazowieckie voivodeship in Poland. The example is based on noise pollution and its external costs. The model was developed on the base of EMITRANSYS model for Mazowieckie in 2016.
Integration of a Pulsating Heat Pipe in a Flat Plate Heat Sink

The ongoing development of faster and smaller electronic components has led to a need for new technologies to effectively dissipate waste thermal energy. The pulsating heat pipe (PHP) shows potential to meet this need, due to its high heat flux capacity, simplicity, and low cost. A 20-turn flat plate PHP was integrated into an aluminum flat plate heat sink with a simulated electronic load. The PHP heat sink used water as the working fluid and had 20 parallel channels with dimensions 2 mm × 2 mm × 119 mm. Experiments were run under various operating conditions, and thermal resistance of the PHP was calculated. The performance enhancement provided by the PHP was assessed by comparing the thermal resistance of the heat sink with no working fluid to that of it charged with water. Uncharged, the PHP was found to have a resistance of 1.97 K/W. Charged to a fill ratio of approximately 75% and oriented vertically, the PHP achieved a resistance of . 49 K/W and . 53 K/W when the condenser temperature was set to 20°C and 30°C, respectively. When the PHP was tilted to 45° above horizontal the PHP had a resistance of . 76 K/W and . 59 K/W when the condenser was set 20°C and 30°C, respectively. The PHP greatly improves the heat transfer properties of the heat sink compared to the aluminum plate alone. Additional considerations regarding flat plate PHP design are also presented. © 2014 ASME
Cases studies of Chebyshev functional link networks in engineering applications

The sensors operating in lumber drying kiln with harsh environment are easily interfered by ambient factors. Aimed to eliminate the noise, a novel data fusion algorithm based on function link network (FLN) based support vector machines (SVM) has been introduced to compensate for the nonlinear response characteristics in the parameters automatic measuring system of lumber drying process. In the proposed algorithm, FLN eliminates the hidden layers of conventional neural networks by expanding the input pattern into a high order dimensional space. The experimental simulation results show that optimum FLN construction could be uniquely obtained by SVM through solving a quadratic programming. The experimental research proves the improved functional link network used in the lumber drying measuring system can compensate the ambient temperature interference effectively and it has certain project.
Morphological plasticity of root growth under mild water stress increases water use efficiency without reducing yield in maize

Abstract. A large yield gap exists in rain-fed maize (Zea mays L.) production in semi-arid regions, mainly caused by frequent droughts halfway through the crop-growing period due to uneven distribution of rainfall. It is questionable whether irrigation systems are economically required in such a region since the total amount of rainfall does generally meet crop requirements. This study aimed to quantitatively determine the effects of water stress from jointing to grain filling on root and shoot growth and the consequences for maize grain yield, above- and below-ground dry matter, water uptake (WU) and water use efficiency (WUE). Pot experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with a mobile rain shelter to achieve conditions of no, mild or severe water stress. Maize yield was not affected by mild water stress over 2 years, while severe stress reduced yield by 56 %. Both water stress levels decreased root biomass slightly but shoot biomass substantially. Mild water stress decreased root length but increased root diameter, resulting in no effect on root surface area. Due to the morphological plasticity in root growth and the increase in root ∕ shoot ratio, WU under water stress was decreased, and overall WUE for both above-ground dry matter and grain yield increased. Our results demonstrate that an irrigation system might be not economically and ecologically necessary because the frequently occurring mild water stress did not reduce crop yield much. The study helps us to understand crop responses to water stress during a critical water-sensitive period (middle of the crop-growing season) and to mitigate drought risk in dry-land agriculture.
The Application of the Laplace Transform for Modeling of Gas Flow Using Maple¯

Abstract The Laplace transform is powerful method for solving differential equations. This paper presents the application of Laplace transform to solve the mathematical model of gas flow through the measuring system. The basis of the mathematical model used to describe and simulate the analyzed process is a system of ordinary differential equations. As a result is obtained a single algebraic equation in terms of the complex variable s. In order to study the dynamics of the system these equation should be reverted to the time domain by performing an inverse Laplace transform. Calculations were performed in the environment of Maple¯. Determining of mixing in a u-shape vessel is aim of presented calculations.
THE DETERMINANTS OF FIRM START-UP SIZE: A COMPARISON OF IRELAND AND PORTUGAL

In this paper we provide empirical evidence on the determinants of firm start-up size using data for the manufacturing sector in Ireland, and compare our results with recent findings for Portuguese manufacturing industries (Mata and Machado, 1996). To allow for firm heterogeneity between firm entrants we use quantile regression techniques for our empirical estimation. We find that the determinants of start-up size differ in their importance for small and large-scale entrants. In particular, industry size and industry growth seem to affect large-scale entrants only.