Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discrepancies Between HER 2 Assessment from Core Needle Biopsies and Surgical Specimens of Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma

Background. The assessment of HER2 status is particularly important for qualifying patients for trastuzumab treatment of invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC). HER2 assessment in core needle biopsies (CNBs) of IDC could contribute to a better therapy schedule. Objectives. The study aimed at examining the relationship between HER2 immunohistochemistry assessment scores in paired CNBs and whole tissue sections of IDC. Material and Methods. The study was performed on paired samples of CNBs and whole tissue sections from 49 IDC patients operated on at the Lower Silesian Oncology Center in Wrocław, Poland. Results. Discrepancies in HER2 scores were noted in eleven (22.45%) of the paired samples analyzed. Three cases (6.12%) were underscored in the CNB specimens as compared to the surgical HER2 specimens, whereas eight cases (16.33%) were overscored in the CNB specimens. Conclusions. Based on the high level of discrepancy between the tested pairs of IDC tissues, the authors recommend caution in assessing HER2 in CNB tissue specimens as a standard procedure. Wherever possible whole tissue sections should be utilized for HER2 assessment (Adv Clin Exp Med 2013, 22, 1, 27–31).
A New Framework for Securing, Extracting and Analyzing Big Forensic Data

Finding new methods to investigate criminal activities, behaviors, and responsibilities has always been a challenge for forensic research. Advances in big data, technology, and increased capabilities of smartphones has contributed to the demand for modern techniques of examination. Smartphones are ubiquitous, transformative, and have become a goldmine for forensics research. Given the right tools and research methods investigating agencies can help crack almost any illegal activity using smartphones. This paper focuses on conducting forensic analysis in exposing a terrorist or criminal network and introduces a new Big Forensic Data Framework model where different technologies of Hadoop and EnCase software are combined in an effort to promote more effective and efficient processing of the massive Big Forensic Data. The research propositions this model postulates could lead the investigating agencies to the head of the terrorist networks. Results indicate the Big Forensic Data Framework model is capable of processing Big
Time series of physical and optical parameters off Shimane, Japan, during fall of 1993-First observation by moored optical buoy system for ADEOS data verification-

1National Institute for Resources and Environment, 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan 2Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, 2-15 Natsushima-machi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237, Japan 3Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan 4School of High-Technology for Human Welfare, Tokai University, 317 Nishino, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-03, Japan 5National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236, Japan 6The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-01, Japan 7School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, 3-20-1 Orido, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424, Japan 8Communication Research Laboratory, 893-1 Hirai, Kashima, Kashima, Ibaraki 314, Japan 9National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, 5-7-1 Orido, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424, Japan 10Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-machi, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041, Japan 11Japan Weather Association, 2-9-2 Kandanishiki, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101, Japan 12Remote Sensing Technology Center, 1401 Ohashi Numanoue, Hatoyama, Hiki, Saitama 350-03, Japan 13National Space Development Agency of Japan, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
Fabrication of Cubic p-n Heterojunction-Like NiO/In2O3 Composite Microparticles and Their Enhanced Gas Sensing Characteristics

Oxide semiconductor In2O3 has been extensively used as a gas sensing material for the detection of various toxic gases. However, the pure In2O3 sensor is always suffering from its low sensitivity. In the present study, a dramatic enhancement of sensing characteristic of cubic In2O3 was achieved by deliberately fabricating p-n heterojunction-like NiO/In2O3 composite microparticles as sensor material. The NiO-decorated In2O3 p-n heterojunction-like sensors were prepared through the hydrothermal transformation method. The as-synthesized products were characterized using SEM-EDS, XRD, and FT-IR, and their gas sensing characteristics were investigated by detecting the gas response. The experimental results showed that the response of the NiO/In2O3 sensors to 600 ppm methanal was 85.5 at 260°C, revealing a dramatic enhancement over the pure In2O3 cubes 21.1 at 260°C. Further, a selective detection of methanol with inappreciable cross-response to other gases, like formaldehyde, benzene, methylbenzene, trichloromethane, ethanol, and ammonia, was achieved. The cause for the enhanced gas response was discussed in detailed. In view of the facile method of fabrication of such composite sensors and the superior gas response performance of samples, the cubic p-n heterojunction-like NiO/In2O3 sensors present to be a promising and viable strategy for the detection of indoor air pollution.
IDENTIFYING DIVERSITY OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) DEGRADING BACTERIA IN COAL SAMPLES OF BHADRADRI KOTHAGUDEM DISTRICT

The present investigation is conducted to isolate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degrading bacteria from an opencast coalmine samples located in Bhadradri-Kothagudem District. A total of five distinct PAHs degrading bacterial colony forming units were identified from the samples using minimal salt medium that supplemented with a PAHs compound phenanthrene. Lytic-zone formations on solid MSM also confirmed the PAHs compounds degradation. Cell and colony morphologies along with Gram reaction of the isolates studied. All the isolates are Gram-positive; and one isolate is rod shaped, two are coryne form and two are cocci. The isolates further screened for their ability to grow on three test PAHs compounds phenanthrene, anthracene or pyrene as sole source of carbon using MSM and the results revealed that the isolates recorded optimum growth on the test PAHs. The isolates are differing vastly at both morphological and biochemical characterizations. Finally, the isolates characterized at molecular level by adopting 16S rDNA sequencing method and the isolates identified at last by the compilation of morphological, biochemical and molecular characterizations data as Bacillus licheniformis KMM11, Brachybacterium muris KMM12, Brachybacterium muris KMM13, Micrococcus luteus KMM14 and Staphylococcus aureus KMM15.
Sins of the Elder: Fiscal Illusion in Democracies*

This work discusses the implications of democratic maturity on levels of Fiscal Illusion. Its main contribution is to identify the relevance of good-governance institutions that prevent incumbents in established democracies from degenerating into electoral rent-seekers. This work develops a model that converges with a Gordon (1989) type theorem. This theorem predicts that some countries ruled by incumbents are more likely to revert to FI practices as the electorate’s maturity increases and if there are no strong restrictions on the social acceptance of political rents. Our empirical results show that democratic maturity tends to diminish fiscal illusion.
A study of the clinical profile and assessment of the quality of life in patients of Melasma Dr

Background: Melasma is one of the most common and distressing pigmentary disorders presenting to dermatology clinics. The precise cause of melasma remains unknown; however, there are many possible contributing factors. It is notably difficult to treat and has a tendency to relapse. Its population prevalence varies according to ethnic composition, skin phototype and intensity of sun exposure. Due to its frequent facial involvement, the disease has an impact on the quality of life of patients. Aims and Objectives: To study the clinical profile and clinical severity of patients of melasma and to assess their quality of life by using MELASQoL and DLQI scales. Material and Methods: All patients with melasma were screened. A detailed history, clinical examination, and relevant investigations were done. Severity of melasma was assessed by calculating Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI) score. Quality of life was assessed using MELASQoL and DLQI scale with a standard structured questionnaire. Results: In 100 cases of melasma, 79 were females and 21 were males. Most common age group affected was 21-30 years (45%). Sun exposure was found to be the most common aggravating factor observed in 35% of cases. Centro-facial type (69%) was the most common pattern observed. Mean MASI score was 7.61±4.98. Mean MELASQoL and DLQI scores were 33.36±13.49 and 9.37±5.28respectively, with most patients being bothered about their appearance, frustrated and embarrassed about their skin condition. A positive correlation was found between QoL and severity of melasma. Conclusion: This study showed that melasma has a significant negative effect on QoL with MELASQoL and DLQI being useful tools to assess the QoL. Melasma though asymptomatic, affects self-esteem because of cosmetic concern.
Evidence-based health policymaking in Iraqi Kurdistan: Facilitators and barriers from the perspectives of policymakers and advisors

Background and objective: Evidence from research is underutilized in policy and practice in the majority of developing countries including Iraq. This aim of this study was to assess the role of research in health policy making in Iraqi Kurdistan context and identify the main barriers and facilitators for enhancing such role. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was carried out between November 2013 and March 2014 in the three governorates of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Duhok and Sulaimaniyah. The study participants included 10 key health informants and three health advisors. Two types of combined questionnaires for health policy makers and health advisors were used for data collection. Results: Conferences and seminars were the main sources of scientific evidences identified by health policymakers (80%), followed by consultants (70%). Different jargons/discourse was the main obstacle in consulting researchers (90%), followed by lack of tradition in collaborating (70%). Collection of specialists/advisors, followed by professional associations, scientific committees and international organizations/UN agencies were the main groups identified by health advisors to build bridges between the scientific community and policymakers. Conclusion: Policymakers very rarely consult researchers directly in their decision making. There is poor networking among researchers, policy-makers, practitioners and representatives from civil society which has its negative impact on evidence-based policymaking. There is obviously a lack of any sort of program of funded research that can inform policymaking.
Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidants from Apium graveolens L. Seeds using Response Surface Methodology

In this study, optimum conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidants from Apium graveolens L. seeds were investigated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to evaluate the effect of sonication time (5, 10, 15 min), ultrasound power (60, 120, 180 W) and the ratio of extraction solvent in terms of methanol (0, 50, 100%) on antioxidant capacity. The optimal UAE conditions for the parameters investigated were 11 min of sonication time, ultrasound power of 131 W and 100% methanol as an extraction solvent. Under these conditions, UAE of antioxidants from the seeds achieved a maximum of 95.08% in respect to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Additionally, the high value of the adjusted coefficient of determination ( R 2 adj = 0.9192) and the non-significant difference between experimental and predicted values confirmed the validity of the quadratic polynomial model. Hence, UAE is a suitable, fast, economical and practical technique for the extraction of antioxidants from Apium graveolens L. seeds.
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND LAND-USE CHANGE ON HYDROLOGY IN THE PERIOD 1981-2009 IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF VIETNAM

In this study, we investigated the separate and combined impacts of climate and land-use changes on hydrological response in the Central Highlands of Vietnam during the period 1981-2009. The MannKendall and Pettit tests were applied to detect the trends in the hydro-meteorological data. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was setup in the region, and evaluation based on daily data highlights the models adequacy. From this, the responses of hydrology to climate variability and land-use changes were considered. Overall, variability in climate seems to strongly drive the variability in the hydrological response in comparison to alternations in the hydrological regime due to land-use change during the period 1981-2009. The results indicate that land-use change had a minor impact on the annual flow (0.4% reduction), whilst the impact from climate variability had been more significant (13.5% change). Under the impact of coupled climate variability and land-use change, the annual streamflow increased by 13.1%.
The swarming phenomenon of Clostridium tetani

El desplazamiento de algunas bacterias sobre medios de cultivo solidos, conocido como fenomeno de "swarming", se ha estudiado principalmente en Proteus spp. En este informe se estudio ese fenomeno en Clostridium tetalli y se encontro que, al igual que en Proteus , ocurre cuando la bacteria se transfiere de un medio de cultivo liquido a uno solido y se asocia con cambios morfologicos, ya que los bacilos que miden ca. 10 i.un de largo se transmutan en formas filamentosas hiperflageladas de mas de 100 i.un de largo.
From start-up to scale-up- examining public policies for the financing of high-growth ventures

This paper examines the challenge of entrepreneurial companies to go beyond the start-up phase and grow into large successful companies. We examine the long-term financing of these so-called scale-up companies, focusing on the US, Europe and Canada. The paper first provides a conceptual framework for understanding the challenges of financing scale-ups. It then shows some data about the various aspects of financing scale-ups in the US, Europe and Canada. Finally the paper raises the question of long-term public policies for supporting the creation of a better scale-up environment.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF AQUATIC WEEDS ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF WHEAT

The allelopathic impact of aqueous extract (2.5 and 5%) and residues (2 and 4%) of five aquatic weeds namely Alternanthera philoxeroides, Alternanthera sessilis, Conyza stricta, Polygonum barbatum and Echinochloa crus-galli was investigated on the germination and early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The aqueous extracts and residues of all tested weeds at different concentrations suppressed the germination/emergence percentage, mean germination/emergence time, and germination/emergence index and early seedling growth of wheat. Of the species tested, A. philoxeroides and A. sessilis showed the higher inhibition than C. stricta, P. barbatum and E. crus-galli. The results revealed that the inhibitory effect was proportional to the concentrations of the extracts and residues. Higher concentrations of extracts and residues had the stronger inhibitory effect. Aqueous extract caused more detrimental effect as compared to soil incorporated residues. Phytotoxins were identified as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, syringic acid and vanilic acid. It can be concluded that rice aquatic weeds contain allelopathic compounds in their tissues which may cause allelopathic effects on subsequent wheat crop in rice-wheat cropping.
Nocturnal Elevated Convection Initiation of the PECAN 4 July Hailstorm

AbstractDuring the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) experiment, an isolated hailstorm developed on the western side of the PECAN study area on the night of 3–4 July 2015. One of the objectives of PECAN was to advance knowledge of the processes and conditions leading to pristine nocturnal convection initiation (CI). This nocturnal hailstorm developed more than 160 km from any other convective storms and in the absence of any surface fronts or bores. The storm initiated within 110 km of the S-Pol radar; directly over a vertically pointing Doppler lidar; within 25 km of the University of Wyoming King Air flight track; within a network of nine sounding sites taking 2-hourly soundings; and near a mobile mesonet track. Importantly, even beyond 100 km in range, S-Pol observed the preconvection initiation cloud that was collocated with the satellite infrared cloud image and provided information on the evolution of cloud growth. The multiple observations of cloud base, thermodynamic stability, and direc.
Stambaugh Correlations and Redundant Predictors

We consider inference in a widely used predictive model in empirical finance. "Stambaugh Bias" arises when innovations to the predictor variable are correlated with those in the predictive regression. We show that high values of the "Stambaugh Correlation" will arise naturally if the predictor is actually redundant, but simply proxies univariate predictability. For such predictors even bias-corrected conventional tests will be severely distorted. We propose tests that distinguish well between redundant predictors and the true (or "perfect") predictor. An application of our tests does not reject the null that a range of predictors of stock returns are redundant.
Parents' Beliefs and Evaluations of Young Children's Computer Use

THIS PAPER PRESENTS PARENTS’ beliefs about how and why their young children are using computers. Fifty-one parents completed two questionnaires (before and after a seven-month computer intervention) and findings suggest that parents hold positive beliefs about computer use by their children, mostly for enhancing their educational development and their technological awareness. Parents also referred to connections between children's computer use and children's self-characteristics. However, parents did not consider engaging with computers as influential on children's development as sports or other social activities. The need for further research on young children's home computer use (and other technologies) is underlined together with implications for parents and the early childhood sector.
Initial returns of Shariah versus non-Shariah IPOs: Are there any differences?

ABSTRACT This study examines a sample of 384 initial public offerings (IPOs) issued and listed on Bursa Malaysia from January 1999 to December 2008. The objectives of this study are to examine the difference in initial returns of Shariah versus non-Shariah IPOs and the factors that explain the initial returns of these IPOs. A matched sample of Shariah IPOs, which contains the same number of IPOs and share similar characteristics with the non-Shariah IPOs, is created to ensure a more compatible comparison. The results of the difference tests consistently show that the initial returns of non-Shariah IPOs are not statistically different from those of all and matched sample of Shariah IPOs. The cross-sectional multiple regressions yield results demonstrating that Shariah and non-Shariah IPOs share only one common factor: allocation rate. Other than the sole common factor, the initial returns of non-Shariah IPOs are determined by external factors, namely the reputation of the underwriter and the condition of the market. On the contrary, the initial returns of the Shariah IPOs (all) depend on internal factors, namely the size of the offer; the age of the firm; and the ownership of the top five shareholders. As far as the result of the matched Shariah sample is concerned, none of the other variables are significant in explaining the initial returns. Keywords: IPO initial return; Shariah IPOs; non-Shariah IPOs; allocation rate; growth motive ABSTRAK Kajian ini menguji satu sampel 384 saham tawaran awam awal (TAA) yang diterbitkan dan disenaraikan di Bursa Malaysia dari Januari 1999 hingga Disember 2008. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pulangan awal saham TAA patuh Shariah berbanding yang tidak patuh Shariah dan juga faktor-faktor yang menjelaskan pulangan awal saham-saham TAA tersebut. Satu sampel padanan bagi saham TAA patuh Shariah yang mengandungi bilangan saham TAA yang sama dan mempunyai ciri-ciri yang sama dengan saham TAA tiak patuh Shariah dibentuk untuk memastikan perbandingan adalah lebih setara. Hasil ujian perbezaan secara konsisten menunjukkan pulangan awal saham tidak patuh Shariah secara statistik tidak berbeza dengan semua dan sampel padanan saham TAA patuh Shariah. Regresi berganda keratan rentas memperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan saham TAA patuh Shariah dan tidak patuh Shariah hanya mempunyai satu faktor lazim, iaitu kadar agihan. Selain faktor lazim tersebut, pulangan awal saham TAA tidak patuh Shariah ditentukan oleh faktor-faktor luaran iaitu reputasi penaja jamin dan keadaan pasaran. Sebaliknya, pulangan awal saham TAA patuh Shariah (semua) bergantung kepada faktor-faktor dalaman iaitu saiz tawaran, umur syarikat, dan pemilikan lima pemegang saham terbesar. Manakala bagi sampel padanan saham TAA patuh Shariah pula, pulangan awalnya tidak dipengaruhi oleh mana-mana faktor tersebut. Kata kunci: Pulangan awal saham TAA; saham TAA patuh Shariah; saham TAA tidak patuh Shariah; kadar agihan; motif pertumbuhan
AWARENESS OF ANTENATAL CARE IMPORTANCE AMONG SAUDI PREGNANT WOMEN IN MADINA.

Introduction: Antenatal Care is care before birth and includes education, screening, counseling, treatment, monitoring and promoting the well-being of the mother and fetus. Its importance cannot be overstated for both. Objective: To assess the awareness of antenatal care importance among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Madina, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study carried on (1617) women who attended Maternity and Children’s Hospital and National Guard Hospital in Madina during the period from August to September 2016. The data were collected through face to face interview and use of questionnaire format. Results: A total of 1617 women were selected in the study, 74.7% of the participant’s ages were between 20-34 years old. Most of them had a university degree with percentage of 40%. 80.9% started following up at first or second trimester and 80.1% were following up their pregnancies consistently and regularly. 89.7% believed in the importance of antenatal care visits. 89% believed that the use complementary supplements during pregnancy can prevent some problems. Conclusion: The education has been a great role in the interest of mothers in Antenatal care. Most of women have no diseases, and they believe that the use of complementary grain during pregnancy reduces the incidence of some of the problems related to pregnancy. More than half of women have a good awareness about knowledge of the importance of the first visit and the importance of continued follow-up in the same place.
Racial framing in the 2008 presidential election: a content analysis of geographically diverse newspapers and the framing of Barack Obama

This study content analyzed three geographically diverse newspapers: The Boston Globe, The Star Tribune, and The Atlanta Journal-Constitution to determine if there were geographic differences in the frequency that Barack Obama was referred to by his race and the frequency that the race of the voters was mentioned regarding then-candidate Obama. No differences were found in how Obama or the voters were referenced across the three newspapers.