Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eclampsia and Pregnancy Outcome at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

Context: Eclampsia contributes significantly to maternal and perinatal mortalities globally. The objective of this study is to review the maternal and foetal outcome of eclampsia in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Jos Plateau, Nigeria. Study design: A retrospective study that reviewed records from labour ward and the Medical Records Department, of cases of eclampsia managed at JUTH over a 9 year period from 1st January 2008-31st December, 2016. Results: There were 145 cases of eclampsia out of a total of 17,169 deliveries within the study period, giving a prevalence of 0.84%. It was most common, 22 (24.8%), in the 25-29 year age group. The nulliparous women, 58 (40%) were more commonly affected. The prevalence was higher in the un-booked patients 86 (59.3%), and antepartum eclampsia was the commonest type133 (91.7%). Headache with blurring of vision 106 (73.1%) was the commonest symptom. The case fatality rate was 5.5%, low birth weight was seen in 78 (53.8%) while Perinatal death was 18 (12.4%) Conclusion: Eclampsia occurred mainly in un-booked and primigravid patients in this study. Early registration of pregnant women, especially primigravida, in health facilities for effective antenatal care and supervised hospital delivery will significantly reduce the prevalence and complications of eclampsia.
VARIATION IN MAYFLY SIZE AT METAMORPHOSIS AS A DEVELOPMENTAL RESPONSE TO RISK OF PREDATION

Animals with complex life cycles often show large variation in the size and timing of metamorphosis in response to environmental variability. If fecundity increases with body size and large individuals are more vulnerable to predation, then organisms may not be able to optimize simultaneously size and timing of metamorphosis. The goals of this study were to measure and explain large-scale spatial and temporal patterns of phe- notypic variation in size at metamorphosis of the mayfly, Baetis bicaudatus (Baetidae), from habitats with variable levels of predation risk. Within a single high-elevation watershed in western Colorado, USA, from 1994 to 1996 we measured dry masses of mature larvae of the overwintering and summer generations of Baetis at 28 site-years in streams with and without predatory fish (trout). We also estimated larval growth rates and development times at 16 site-years. Patterns of spatial variation in mayfly size could not be explained by resource (algae) standing stock, competitor densities, or physical-chemical variables. However, size at metamorphosis of males and females of summer generation Baetis was smaller in fish streams than in fishless streams and decreased as densities of predatory stoneflies increased. Furthermore, overwintering individuals matured at larger sizes than summer generation Baetis, and the size of emerging Baetis declined over the summer, but predominantly in trout streams. Theoretical consideration of the effect of predation risk on size and timing of metamorphosis accurately predicted the observed temporal variation in size and timing of mayflies at emergence in fish and fishless streams. Baetis populations had similar growth rates but followed different developmental trajectories in high and low risk environments. In risky environments larval development was accelerated, resulting in metamorphosis of younger and smaller individuals, minimizing exposure of larvae to risk of mortality from trout predation, but at the cost of future reproduction. In safe environ- ments, larvae extended their development, resulting in larger, more fecund adults. Thus, we propose that large-scale patterns of variation in size and timing of metamorphosis represent adaptive phenotypic plasticity, whereby mayflies respond to variation in risk of predation, thereby maximizing their fitness in variable environments.
A Frequency-Doubling Optoelectronic Oscillator Based on a Dual-Parallel Mach–Zehnder Modulator and a Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating

A frequency-doubling optoelectronic oscillator (FD-OEO) based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) and a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) has been demonstrated. The DPMZM implements a carrier phase-shifted double sideband (CPS-DSB) modulation to generate a microwave signal at the second-harmonic frequency, while the CFBG ensures the oscillation of the fundamental frequency signal by tailoring the phase relationships between the optical sidebands and the carrier. As a result, self-starting 10- and 20-GHz microwave signals with low phase noises are simultaneously generated.
Modelling handgrip strength in the presence of confounding variables: results from the Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey

Differences in handgrip strength, caused by risk factors such as physical inactivity, will be influenced by ‘confounding’ variables, e.g. age, body size. The aims of the study were to identify the confounding variables associated with handgrip strength and to assess the benefit that physical activity plays in maintaining grip strength within a population, having adjusted for differences in these confounding variables. The most appropriate linear body size dimension associated with grip strength was height rather than demispan. Non-linear associations with age and body mass were also identified. Handgrip strength peaked in the age group 25 – 34 years for male subjects and in the age group 35 44 years for female subjects. Similarly, handgrip strength increased with body mass until it peaked at a body mass of approximately 100 kg for male and 90 kg for female subjects; thereafter a rapid decline in grip strength was observed. Differences in handgrip strength were found to be significantly associated with levels of physical activity even having controlled for differences in age and body size (height, mass and percentage body fat), but the observed association was not linear. The level of physical activity necessary to maintain an optimal level of handgrip strength was found to be a balance of moderate or vigorous occasions of physical activity.
Broadband Surface-Wave Antenna With a Novel Nonuniform Tapered Metasurface

A broadband surface-wave antenna with a monopole-like radiation pattern is presented. The antenna provides a wide bandwidth by two techniques, including the utilization of a novel nonuniform tapered metasurface that has smaller inner rectangular patches for exciting two resonant modes of TM<sub>01</sub> and TM<sub>02</sub> simultaneously, and a reduction of ground-plane size for constructively increasing surface-wave fields. The measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves a wide bandwidth of 33.1% (4.56–6.37 GHz) for a low profile of about 0.06 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\rm{\lambda }}_0}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and has an average gain of 6.34 dBi.
Algorithmes compensés en arithmétique flottante : précision, validation, performances. (Compensated algorithms in floating point arithmetic : accuracy, validation, performances)

Les erreurs d'arrondi peuvent degrader la precision d'un calcul en arithmetique flottante. Comment ameliorer et valider la precision d'un resultat calcule, tout en conservant de bonnes performances pratiques ? Nous utilisons la compensation des erreurs d'arrondi au travers de deux exemples : l'evaluation polynomiale et la resolution de systemes lineaires triangulaires. Nos contributions se situent a trois niveaux. 1) Amelioration de la precision du resultat. Nous proposons un schema de Horner compense, qui permet une evaluation polynomiale aussi precise que celle calculee par le schema de Horner classique execute avec une precision interne doublee. En generalisant cet algorithme, nous proposons une autre version compensee du schema de Horner simulant K fois la precision de travail (K>1). Nous montrons egalement comment compenser les erreurs d'arrondis generees par l'algorithme de substitution pour la resolution de systemes triangulaires. 2) Validation de la qualite du resultat. Nous montrons comment valider la qualite du resultat de l'evaluation polynomiale compensee, en proposant le calcul d'une borne d'erreur "a posteriori" qui ne repose que sur des operations elementaires de l'arithmetique flottante: cela assure la portabilite de la validation et de bonnes performances pratiques. 3) Performances des algorithmes compenses. Nos mesures de performances montrent l'interet pratique des algorithmes compenses face aux autres solutions logicielles simulant une precision equivalente. Nous justifions ces bonnes performances par une etude detaillee du parallelisme d'instructions qu'ils presentent.
Targeting polo-like kinase 1 in acute myeloid leukemia

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) plays a number of important roles in the passage of cells through mitosis. It is expressed at high levels in a variety of malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Inhibition of Plk1 results in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and has anti-tumor effects in pre-clinical models. A number of Plk1 inhibitors have been developed, some of which have entered clinical trials. Of these, volasertib (BI6727) has been most extensively studied clinically in AML. Volasertib has demonstrated antileukemic activity in AML, both as a single agent and when combined with low-dose cytarabine. It is well tolerated, with the major toxicity being reversible myelosuppression. A recently completed phase III clinical trial in older AML patients will address the question of whether adding this agent to low-dose cytarabine is associated with a survival advantage.
Mediatization and the changing authority of religion

Both mass media and social network media have become important sources of information and experiences about religion. The mediatization of religion challenges the authority of existing religious organizations at the same time as various media allow for new forms of religious beliefs and practices to appear. Media provide a backdrop of 'banal religion', comprized of a bricolage of representations and practices without any necessary connection to specific, organized forms of religion. Max Weber's typology of authority may provide a partial understanding of the changing authority of religion in contemporary society, but the media also allow other forms of authority to emerge. In a mediatized environment, religious legitimacy is not only produced by means of tradition and charisma but also rests upon voluntary acceptance by the individual and references to popular media culture.
Socioeconomic links to health-related quality of life, anxiety, and depression in kidney transplant recipients.

INTRODUCTION The impact of socioeconomic status on the chance of being a candidate of kidney transplantation and its effect on graft survival has been documented. Our aim was to investigate the association of socioeconomic status with kidney allograft recipients' health-related quality of life and level of anxiety and depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and forty-two kidney transplant recipients were categorized according to their monthly family income into low-income, moderate-income, and high-income groups. These groups were compared in terms of health-related quality of life (short form-36) and level of anxiety and depression symptoms (hospital anxiety depression scale). RESULTS There was a trend of higher HRQOL scores in association with a higher income, which was significant for the total HRQOL score and its subdomains of physical function and role limitation due to physical and emotional problems. A slight increase in anxiety symptom scores was also seen in kidney recipients with lower incomes; however, the depression symptom scores were not significantly different between the income groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the impact of income on the total HRQL and anxiety symptoms scores remained significant after controlling the effect of age, sex, and time interval from transplantation. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of our kidney allograft recipients had a low income and had a poorer health-related quality of life and a greater load of anxiety according to their perception of their status, compared to those with higher incomes. Special consideration to kidney transplant recipients with a lower income may improve their wellbeing.
Person Re-identification based on Human Query on Soft Biometrics using SVM Regression

: We propose a novel methodology for person re-identiﬁcation (Re-ID) based on the biometric description of the upper-torso region of the human body. The proposed methodology leverages soft biometrics via Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Shape Context ( SC ) features obtained from the upper-torso silhouette of the human body. First, mappings from the upper-torso Shape Context to soft biometrics are learned from virtual avatars rendered by computer graphics engines, to circumvent the need for time consuming manual labelling of human datasets. Second, it is possible to formulate a human query of a given suspect against a gallery of previously stored soft biometrics. At this point, the proposed system is able to provide a ranked list of the persons, based on the description given. Third, an extensive study on the different regression methodologies to achieve the above mentioned mappings is carried out. We also conduct real time Re-ID experiments in an existing Re-ID dataset, and promising results are reported.
[Pharmacokinetics and metabolite pattern of clenbuterol in the rat].

Pharmacokinetics and metabolite pattern of the beta-sympathomimetic 4-amino-alpha-[tert. -butylamino)methyl]-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol hydrochloride (clenbuterol, NAB 365) have been investigated in the rat. After a single i.v. dose of 2 mg/kg 14C-NAB 365 up to 10 min p.a. the blood level falls very steeply and 15 min p.a. there is an increase to be observed. A maximum blood level of 0.85 mug eq. NAB 365/ml is achieved. Then a biphasic elimination of radioactivity from the blood occurs. After a single oral dose of 2 mg/kg the maximum blood level of 0.5 mug/ml is attained 2 h p.a. Again a biphasic elimination occurs. 26 h is the half-life of the slower of two elimination processes for i.v. and p.o. administration, respectively. Elimination predominantly takes place via the kidneys. After i.v. administration 85% and after p.o. administration 80% of the radioactivity applied are eliminated in urine and faeces. The main portion of radioactivity had been eliminated by 48 h p.a. As can be seen from the urinary radioactivity absorption is complete. Following i.v. dosing the excretion is slightly faster than after p.o. administration. Whole-body autoradiography and the distribution of radioactivity in the organs show a relatively slow absorption after p.o. dosing. In the pregnant mouse the placenta barrier is passed but the fetuses contain far less radioactivity than the mother animal. Clenbuterol is metabolized in the rat. 70% of the radioactivity represents the unchanged parent compound in urine (38% of the administered radioactivity). 8 metabolites have been established in urine (extracts). Faeces radioactivity mainly contains unchanged clenbuterol and only traces of metabolites. The metabolite pattern of the maximum plasma level (2 h after p.o. administration) and the metabolite pattern of the collected urines are identical. 38% of the administered radioactivity represent unchanged NAB 365 in the urine, whereas there are 45% in the plasma.
Characterization of blood‐borne transmission of simian foamy virus

BACKGROUND: Simian foamy virus (SFV) is an endemic, nonhuman primate (NHP) retrovirus that is transmitted to individuals who work with or hunt NHPs. The cross‐species transmission of simian retroviruses is believed to be the etiology of human immunodeficiency virus and human T‐lymphotropic virus infections in humans. Although SFV is not pathogenic in the native host, the shared ancestry with other simian retroviruses has brought into question the potential for acquired pathogenicity after cross‐species transmission. This study examines whether SFV also shares the traits of transmissibility through the blood supply.
Progress Toward the Determination of Correct Classification Rates in Fire Debris Analysis , ,

Principal components analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) were used to develop a multistep classification procedure for determining the presence of ignitable liquid residue in fire debris and assigning any ignitable liquid residue present into the classes defined under the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E 1618‐10 standard method. A multistep classification procedure was tested by cross‐validation based on model data sets comprised of the time‐averaged mass spectra (also referred to as total ion spectra) of commercial ignitable liquids and pyrolysis products from common building materials and household furnishings (referred to simply as substrates). Fire debris samples from laboratory‐scale and field test burns were also used to test the model. The optimal model's true‐positive rate was 81.3% for cross‐validation samples and 70.9% for fire debris samples. The false‐positive rate was 9.9% for cross‐validation samples and 8.9% for fire debris samples.
Assessing the Quality of Activities in a Smart Environment

Summary Objectives: Pervasive computing technology can provide valuable health monitoring and assistance technology to help individuals live independent lives in their own homes. As a critical part of this technology, our objective is to design software algorithms that recognize and assess the consistency of activities of daily living that individuals perform in their own homes. Methods: We have designed algorithms that automatically learn Markov models for each class of activity. These models are used to recognize activities that are performed in a smart home and to identify errors and inconsistencies in the performed activity. Results: We validate our approach using data collected from 60 volunteers who performed a series of activities in our smart apartment testbed. The results indicate that the algorithms correctly label the activities and successfully assess the completeness and consistency of the performed task. Conclusions: Our results indicate that activity recognition and assessment can be automated using machine learning algorithms and smart home technology. These algorithms will be useful for automating remote health monitoring and interventions.
Temporal and spatial variation of forest biomass in relation to stand dynamics in a mature, lowland tropical rainforest, Malaysia

To clarify consistency in the size of carbon pool of a lowland tropical rainforest, we calculated changes in above-ground biomass in the Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. We estimated the total above-ground biomass of a mature stand using tree census data obtained in a 6-ha plot every 2 years from 1994 to 1998. The total above-ground biomass decreased consistently from 1994 (431 Mg ha−1) to 1998 (403 Mg ha−1) (1 Mg = 103 kg). These are much lower than that in 1973 for a 0.2 ha portion of the same area, suggesting that the the total above-ground biomass reduction might have been consistent in recent decades. This trend contrasted with a major trend for neotropical forests. During 1994–1998, the forest gained 23.0 and 0.88 Mg ha−1 of the total above-ground biomass by tree growth and recruitment, respectively, and lost 51.9 Mg ha−1 by mortality. Overall, the biomass decreased by 28.4 Mg ha−1 (i.e. 7.10 Mg ha−1·year−1), which is almost equivalent to losing a 76-cm-diameter living tree per hectare per year. Analysis of positive and negative components of biomass change revealed that deaths of large trees dominated the total above-ground biomass decrease. The forest biomass also varied spatially, with the total above-ground biomass density ranging 212–655 Mg ha−1 on a 0.2-ha basis (n= 30 subplots, 1998) and 365–440 Mg ha−1 on a 1 ha basis. A large decrease of the total above-ground biomass density (> 50 Mg per ha per 2 years) in several 0.2-ha subplots contributed to the overall decrease in the 6-ha total above-ground biomass. In the present study, we discuss the association between forest dynamics and biomass fluctuation, and the implication for carbon cycling in mature forests with emphasis on forest monitoring and assessments of soil and decomposition systems.
The impact of pictures on the effectiveness of tobacco warnings.

Cigarette packages in most countries carry a health warning; however, the position, size and general strength of these warnings vary considerably across jurisdictions.1 Article 11 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and the Article 11 Guidelines adopted at the Third Conference of the Parties in November 2008 have put the spotlight on the inclusion of pictures on tobacco package health warnings. Beginning with Canada in 2001, 28 countries have introduced pictorial warnings and many other countries are in the process of drafting regulations for pictorial warnings (Box 1 and Box 2). This paper presents a brief review of the research studies that support pictorial warnings, reviewed in greater depth by Hammond1 and by the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project.2
A pilot study to control phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a neotropical rain forest.

A pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of chemical control of phlebotomine sand flies in a highly complex Neotropical rain forest in Panama. The aim was to reduce the risk of contracting leishmaniasis within prescribed areas of the forest utilized by military troops for training or other special activities. The results indicate that an average 30% reduction of anthropophilic sand flies was achieved in 9 months by utilizing malathion as 2% EC spray or 95% ULV fogging applied bimonthly.
SIMPLE TROPHIC MODULES FOR COMPLEX FOOD WEBS

There are two common approaches to food webs. On the one hand, empirical studies have described aggregate statistical measures of many-species food webs. On the other hand, theoretical studies have explored the dynamic properties of simple tri-trophic food chains (i.e., trophic modules). The question remains to what extent results based on simple modules are relevant for whole food webs. Here we bridge between these two independent research agendas by exploring the relative frequency of different trophic modules in the five most resolved food webs. While apparent competition and intraguild predation are overrepresented when compared to a suite of null models, the frequency of omnivory highly varies across communities. Inferences about the representation of modules may also depend on the null model used for statistical significance.
Design and simulation of dual rotor permanent magnet brushless DC motor

Dual-rotor permanent magnet brushless (DRPMB) machine is proposed to satisfy some special requirements, such as the drive systems of Electrical Vehicle. However, the DRPMB motor is difficult to be designed through the existing commercial programs due to its particular configuration. In this paper, an equivalent magnetic-circuit method has been given to design DRPMB motor. Then a prototype was fabricated and tested in order to prove the validity of the method and indicate the superiority of this kind of machine.