Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caregiver Attitudes Regarding Utilization and Usefulness of Respite Services for People with Alzheimer's Disease

While families providing care for a person with Alz- heimer's disease express the need for an array of supportive services, relief from caregiving responsibilities (respite) is often a primary concern. Expressed need for respite, however, does not always result in predicted levels of service utilization. This paper identifies research and practice-based data on what caregivers consider when assessing the availability, accessibility, quality and utility of respite services. Factors within each of these four categories will be explored with respect to caregivers' decisions to utilize respite ser- vices. Implications for program planning and service delivery will also be considered.
Dealing with the Unsuccessful Cases: An Assessment of the Experiences and Process of Coping with Patient Suicide in Mental Healthcare Professionals

Mental health care professionals will inevitably encounter all types of “unsuccessful cases” in their line of work. Patient suicide is the extreme of these cases and can have a negative impact on their personal and professional life. This study sought to continue and expand research in this area by investigating the experiences and impact of patient suicide on all mental health professionals, the services available to them, and their opinions on best practice methods. Twentyeight in-patient and five out-patient mental healthcare workers in Rhode Island were surveyed for this study. Analysis confirmed the impact of patient suicide on professionals and revealed that a systemic plan and/or group of support is crucial in helping them to cope with a patient suicide effectively and appropriately. These findings can serve as evidence for social workers who may need to advocate that these necessary support services be provided for all mental healthcare professionals, with their profession being included. This study also offers helpful information on methods utilized successfully by professionals, which can be used by others for guidance on how to deal with similar difficult experiences and encourages further investigation on the subject.
Utilização de implante ósseo cortical alógeno conservado em glicerina para preservação de membro torácico: estudo experimental em cães

A limb-sparing surgery can be an alternative treatment to amputation for dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was the development of this surgical technique, similar to the original, described by Straw1, with changes in the procedure of the allografts preservation, and in the bone cement chose to be used intramedullary. METHODS: The surgery was performed in six health dogs, with the osteotomy of one-third of the radio and ulna, section of the distal margin in the radio-carpal joint and reconstruction using a cortical allograft preserved in 98% glycerin. The allograft's medullar channel was filled with a polymer extracted from castor oil (Ricinus communis) and a long dynamic compression plate were used to fix this allograft on the radio, carpal joint and 3rd metacarpal bone, with the arthrodesis of the carpal joint. A medio-lateral radiographs was performed immediately posteoperatively and with 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after surgery, to evaluate the allograft incorporation. The histopatological evaluation was done with 90, 120 and 150 days after surgery. RESULTS: Was notice a bone callus formation on the radiogrhphs exams by 60 days after surgery and bone bridges were closing the interfragmentary space, with remodeling by 90 days. We have noticed resorption of the grapht, with formation of a connective tissue and new bone around the polymer on the histophatological evaluation. A neovascularization and inflammatory cells in the connective tissue was noticed with a decreased in the inflammatory process with the time. CONCLUSIONS: The polymer extracted from castor oil showed to be a good substitute for the bone cement originally used in the limb-sparing surgery, increasing the graft resistance with no foreign body reaction or osteointegration. The allograft preserved in glycerin presented onteoinduction and osteocondution actions, with new bone formation, and no signs of rejection, then, the glycerin showed to be a good alternative preservation procedure. Therefore, the modified technique can be considered an alternative to the original limb-sparing surgery and to amputation for dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma, studies still deserve to be done with sick animals.
Konsumsi Pangan, Bioavailibilitas Zat Besi dan Status Anemia Siswi di Kabupaten Bogor

The research objective was to analyze the profile of food consumption, iron bioavailability and anemia status of school girls in High School. The cross sectional study was conducted at SMK Pelita in Bogor District. The baseline data was collected from 74 school girls including 2x24 hours food record and hemoglobin (Hb). Du et al. (1999) method was applied to estimate the iron bioavailability from food consumption. The meat and fruits consumption is 68 g/day and 73 g/day respectively. Most of the subjects (83.2%) consume less food compared to the Indonesian Dietary Guidelines. The mean protein, iron and vitamin C intakes are 38.3 g, 10.8 mg, and 25 mg respectively. Compared to the Indonesian’s RDA these intakes are low i.e. 76.6%, 41.7%, and 33.4% respectively. The mean iron bioavailability is 1.09 mg or 10.04%, and it’s categorized as moderate. Iron bioavailability (mg) is significantly associated with the meat and chicken consumption (r=0.381) and vitamin C intake (r=0.340) (p<0.05). The anemia prevalence is 10.8%, and haemoglobin concentration is significantly related to the intake of vitamin C (r=0.002) and vitamin A (r=0.022) (p<0.05).
Physiological aspects of fluid and electrolyte balance

The intake of water and electrolytes is inseparable from feeding by natural or artificial means and careful attention to salt and water balance is a vital component of perioperative care and of nutritional support. Nutritional support with water and sodium restriction in post-intensive care patients with oedema, dilutional hypoalbuminaemia and fluid excess of 10 L, cleared oedema over 7-10 days, with a 1 g/L rise in serum albumin for every kg loss in weight. Return of gastrointestinal function was also observed. Accordingly, 20 patients, undergoing colonic surgery, were randomised to receive standard (>3 L water and 154 mmol sodium/day) or restricted postoperative fluids (<2 L water and 77 mmol sodium/day). Solid (72.5 vs 175 min) and liquid phase (73.5 vs 110 min) gastric emptying times were significantly longer in the standard group on the 4th postoperative day and associated with a three day longer hospital stay. In volunteers receiving 2 L of 0.9% saline and 5% dextrose infusions, on separate occasions over one hour, haematocrit and serum albumin concentration fell, mainly due to dilution. While dextrose was rapidly excreted, two-thirds of the saline was retained after 6 h. Following 1 L infusions, plasma renin and angiotensin concentrations decreased more after saline than dextrose (P<0.04). Responses of aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide and vasopressin were not significantly different. Comparing 2 L infusions of saline and Hartmann's solution, volunteers excreted more water (median 1000 vs 450 mL) and sodium (122 vs 73 mmol) after Hartmann's. Hyperchloraemia and reduced bicarbonate were noted after saline alone. Whereas fluctuations in water balance are dealt with efficiently through osmoreceptors and vasopressin, and sodium deficiency by volume receptors and the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, the mechanism for dealing with sodium and chloride excess appears relatively inefficient. Natriuretic peptide responds to volume expansion rather than sodium gain.
Molecular mechanism of leaf adaxial upward curling caused by BpPIN3 suppression in Betula pendula

Leaves are one of the vegetative organs of plants that are essential for plant growth and development. PIN-FORMED (PINs) gene is an indoleacetic acid (IAA) transporter that plays a critical role in leaf development. To determine the function of BpPIN3 in leaf polarity formation in Betula pendula, the transgenic lines with BpPIN3 overexpression (OE) and BpPIN3-reduced expression (RE) were analyzed using the Agrobacterium-mediated method. The RE lines displayed the characteristics of leaf margin adaxial upward curling, with lower expression of BpPIN3 resulting in greater rolling. Tissue localization of IAA in the auxin GUS reporter system proved that auxin in the RE was mainly distributed in the secondary veins, palisade tissues, and epidermal cells in the leaf margin area. The auxin content in the leaf margin area was significantly greater than that in the main vein tissue. The cell density of the palisade tissue and the ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue in the curled leaf margin of the RE lines were found to be significantly decreased. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the RE hormone-signaling pathway genes were significantly enriched compared with those of the OE and WT lines; in particular, the auxin response-related genes SAURs (i.e., SAUR23, SAUR24, SAUR28, and SAUR50) and GH3.10 were found to be significantly upregulated. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that BpPIN3 expression at the leaf margin was significantly lower than that near the main vein in the RE lines. In contrast, the expression levels of SAURs and GH3.10 were significantly higher than those near the midrib. In conclusion, BpPIN3 regulates the expression of auxin response-related genes and the polar transport of auxin to change the polar form of the proximal and distal axes of birch leaves.
How Much Stigma can Influence the Development of Depression in Epilepsy

Introduction: Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder of the brain and also the least understood. Fear, misunderstanding and the resulting social stigma surrounding epilepsy can result in social, and sometimes even legal, discrimination against those living with this condition. Although attitudes toward people with epilepsy have improved over the years, for many people with epilepsy, stigma continues to adversely impact their psychological well-being and quality of life. Goal: To determine social and economic characteristics of the patients with epilepsy, presence of depression in comparison to duration of illness and stigmatizing circumstances. Material and methodology: Prospective study included 300 patients with epilepsy treated at the Ambulatory for epilepsies of the Clinical Center of Sarajevo University. Besides standardized questionnaire, all patients were tested using Beck Hamilton depression scales and QOLIE-31 questionnaire. Results: Our sample included 300 patients from both genders, where the male patients was slightly more dominant with the average age of 37.67 years +/- 12.86 compared to female patient which were significantly (p< 0.05) younger with mean age of 32.83 +/- 12.26. For the female patients average age of the first epileptic seizure was at 14.05 years +/- 8.55, and for males 19.53 years +/- 12.39. Significant difference is noted also regarding the marriage and work in favor of men’s, which is important stigmatizing factor for the women with epilepsy. Presence of depression was noticed among 34% of patients at the Beck Depression Scale, and 38.9% at the Hamilton scale with the significant difference in presence of severe depression among women. 14% of patients had suicidal ideas, which requires special attention during the treatment. Conclusion: Epilepsy stigma, recurrent epileptic seizures and early occurrence of epilepsy in life have significant influence on development of depression and quality of life, especially for women.
The incidence of obvious congenital abnormalities among the neonates born in Rasht hospitals in 2011

Background: Congenital abnormalities are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of obvious congenital abnormalities in live neonates and the relationship between these abnormalities and some important factors in live newborns in Rasht hospitals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all live neonates born in maternity hospitals of Rasht were investigated for the presence of apparent congenital abnormalities. The data recorded in the patients’ files, including the information of parents, neonate and the type of abnormality were collected. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 16). Results: From 1824 live neonates, 77 cases (4.2%) had congenital abnormalities. The most common diagnosed abnormalities were musculoskeletal (37.7%), genital (16.9%), urinary (13%), cardiovascular (13%), and nervous system (10.4%) anomalies. The increased incidence of congenital abnormalities was correlated with gestational age, route of pregnancy, history of maternal disease and drug consumption during pregnancy (P<0.0001). No significant relationship was found between abnormalities and sex, birth weight, age of parents, and consanguineous marriage. Conclusion: As gestational age, route of pregnancy, history of maternal disease and drug consumption during pregnancy were significantly associated with the increased incidence of congenital abnormalities in this region, it is necessary to pay more attention to the risk factors and the approach to control them.
Healthy adult gut microbiota sustains its own vitamin B12 requirement in an in vitro batch fermentation model

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is present in the human lower gastrointestinal tract either coming from the unabsorbed dietary fraction or from in situ production of the gut microbiota. However, it is unclear whether the gut microbial communities need exogenous B12 for growth and metabolism, or whether B12 in low and high levels could affect gut community composition and metabolite production. Here, we investigated in vitro B12 production of human fecal microbiota and the effects of different levels of B12 (as cyanocobalamin) on composition and activity. Eight fecal communities from healthy human adults distributed over three enterotypes, dominated by Firmicutes (n = 5), Bacteroides (n = 1) or Prevotella (n = 2) were used to perform batch fermentations in Macfarlane medium supplemented with low B12 medium (Control, 5 ng/ml, within the tested fecal range), no B12 addition (NB12), and high B12 addition (ExtraB12, 2500 ng/ml). The microbiota community composition (qPCR, 16S rRNA metabarcoding), metabolic activity (HPLC-RI), and B12 levels (UHPLC-DAD) were measured after 24 h incubation at 37°C under strict anaerobic conditions. All fecal microbial communities produced B12 in the NB12 condition after 24 h, in the range from 152 ± 4 to 564 ± 25 ng/ml. None of the B12 treatments had an impact on total bacterial growth, community richness, diversity and total metabolite production, compared to the low B12 control. However, a significant increase of propionate was measured in ExtraB12 compared to NB12. Most taxonomic and metabolite changes compared to control incubations were donor-dependent, implying donor-microbiota-specific changes upon B12 treatments. Our in vitro data suggest that healthy human adult gut microbial communities have the capacity to produce B12 at levels fulfilling their own requirements, independently of the initial B12 content tested in the donor’s feces. Further, supplementation of exogenous dietary B12 may have limited impact on the healthy human gut microbial community composition and function.
Village Development Planning Discussion in Indonesia: Is It Working?

The purpose of this study is to describe the problems in village musrembang which is a planning model implemented by the Indonesian government at the village level. This research is essential to determine whether musrembang is useful to encourage community participation in the planning process of developing their villages. This study uses phenomenology as a method to capture planning problems in the village government (musrembang). This method will be operated to reveal, who dominates the discourse in organized musrembang? The findings of this study indicate that people have limited involvement in musrembang. Musrembang is only a formal process that is pseudo participatory, musrembang that the government carries out does not work effectively to encourage public participation in planning village development.
The reactivity of pyridine in cold interstellar environments: The reaction of pyridine with the CN radical

The recent detection of cyclic species in cold interstellar environments is an exciting discovery with yet many unknowns to be solved. Among them, the presence of aromatic heterocycles in space would act as an indirect evidence of the presence of precursors of nucleotides. The seeming absence of these species in the observations poses a fascinating conundrum that can be tackled with computational insights. Whilst many arguments can be given to explain the absence of heterocycles in space, one of the possible scenarios involves fast chemical conversion and formation of new species to be detected. We have tested this hypothesis for the reaction of pyridine with the CN radical to find possible scenarios in which the detectability of pyridine, as an archetypical heterocycle, could be enhanced or diminished via chemical conversions. Using a combination of ab-initio characterization of the reactive potential energy surface and kinetic and chemical simulations, we have established that pyridine does react very fast with CN radicals, estimating that the studied reactions is between 2.5–4.5 times faster in pyridine than in benzene, with a total loss rate constant of 1.33 × 10–9 cm3s−1 at 30 K, with an almost null temperature dependence in the (30–150) K range. Addition reactions forming 1,2,3-cyanopyridine are favored over abstraction reactions or the formation of isocyanides. Besides, for 1 and 2-cyanopyridine there is an increase in the total dipole moment with respect to pyridine, which can help in their detection. However, the reaction is not site specific, and equal amounts of 1,2,3-cyanopyridine are formed during the reaction, diluting the abundance of all the individual pyridine derivatives.
Role of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampacin(R) resistance in patients in high risk DRTB

Introduction Pakistan ranks 5 th globally in MDR TB. There is urgent need to scale up diagnosis and management of MDR TB. GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay is being used to detect TB and R resistant. This study was done to evaluate GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay for Rapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Detection of R Resistance in high risk groups that is Patients requiring retreatment and drug resistant TB contact Method Patients requiring retreatment and contact of drug resistant TB visiting outpatient of Ojha institute of chest diseases Karachi during 2013 were screened for tuberculosis by sputum microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay and conventional culture. Result 560 sputum specimens from 543 patients were tested. 120 were DR-TB contacts and rest were retreatment cases, among them 297, 106 and 01 have received category 1,2and 4 respectively. 19 were others. Among contacts 29 (24.16) were sputum positive, and 39(32.2%) GeneXpert MTB positive. 02(1.66%) were Rifampacin(R) Resistance. In patients requiring retreatment 355(83.9%) were sputum positive and 354(83.1%) were GeneXpert MTB positive. 99(23%) were R Resistant. The results of R Resistance on conventional culture and sensitivity were identical. Conclusion GeneXpert MTB detected 8% more cases of TB in DRTB contacts, while the yield was equal in retreatment cases. R resistance in DRTB contacts was only 1.66% which is not higher than new reported TB cases in any setting in Pakistan. GeneXpert MTB detected R resistance in 23% retreatment cases.
Sexual Behavior of Arabian Stallions as Affected by Age and Season of the Year under the Egyptian Environmental Conditions

In the present study, nine sexually matured Arabian stallions (5-15 years old) were used for recording the sexual behavior. The obtained results revealed that, time to the first mount and latency to mount (seconds) were insignificantly shorter in the Arabian stallions during summer season at 5 years old and were longer during winter season at 15 years of age. Latency to erection (seconds) was insignificantly the shortest during summer at 5 years old and the longest during autumn season at 10 and 15 years of age. Latency to ejaculate (seconds) of the Arabian stallion was insignificantly shorter at 5 years and 15 years old during spring and summer than winter and autumn seasons at 10 years. Number of mounts per ejaculation of the Arabian stallions was significantly (P<0.05) less during spring and summer, while significantly (P<0.05) bigger during winter and autumn seasons. On the other hand, Number of mount per ejaculate was insignificantly lower in the Arabian stallions at 5 years than at both 10 years and 15 years old.
Human health damage due to indoor pollutants in life cycle impact assessment

The incorporation of health effects associated with indoor air pollution in the current life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology for dwellings has been studied. A model was developed by which characterisation factors for formaldehyde, radon and particulate matter in the indoor air of dwellings were calculated. Fate factors were derived using a model for the calculation of indoor concentrations. The effect and damage factors were adjusted to the application in indoor environment using disability adjusted lost years (DALY) as an endpoint. Airflows appeared to be an important determinant of concentration. A preliminary comparison of health effects following from the presence of formaldehyde, radon and particulate matter in the indoor environment with health effects associated with pollution of the outdoor environment following from the overall life cycle impact of dwellings was made. The indoor environment appears to have a large impact on the total health effects of dwellings. INDEX TERMS Life cycle assessment, Modelling pollutant concentrations, Formaldehyde, Radon, Particulate matter INTRODUCTION Many tools have been developed for the environmental evaluation of buildings. Advanced tools use Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, but so far have not included exposure to pollutants of the indoor environment (Reijnders and Huijbregts, 2000; Reijnders and Van Roekel, 1999). This paper focuses on integrating assessment of the health effects of indoor exposure to three common contaminants of indoor air, radon, formaldehyde and PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter of 10 micron or less), in the assessment of human health damage during the life cycle of dwellings. The dwelling studied is the reference dwelling described by Mak, Anink, Kortman, et al. 1996, a common dwelling in the Netherlands. METHODS In the LCA methodology, characterisation factors are used to combine the different emissions (Heijungs and Hofstetter, 1996): ∑∑ ⋅ = i x i x i x j j M Q S , , , (1) * Contact author email: ameijer@ivambv.uva. nl Proceedings: Indoor Air 2002