Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Composition of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in the Galactolipid-Deficient dgd1 Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana

The glycerolipid digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) is exclusively associated with photosynthetic membranes and thus may play a role in the proper assembly and maintenance of the photosynthetic apparatus. Here we employ a genetic approach based on the dgd1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana to investigate the function of DGDG in thylakoid membranes. The primary defect in the genetically well-characterized dgd1 mutant resulted in a 90% reduction of the DGDG content. The mutant showed a decreased photosystem II (PSII) to photosystem I ratio. In vivo room- and low-temperature (77 K) chlorophyll fluorescence measurements with thylakoid preparations are in agreement with a drastically altered excitation energy allocation to the reaction centers. Quantification of pigment-binding apoproteins and pigments supports an altered stoichiometry of individual pigment-protein complexes in the mutant. Most strikingly, an increase in the amount of peripheral light-harvesting complexes of PSII relative to the inner antenna complexes and the PSII reaction center/core complexes was observed. Regardless of the severe alterations in thylakoid organization, photosynthetic oxygen evolution was virtually not compromised in dgd1 mutant leaves.
How User Condition Affects Community Dynamics in a Forum on Autism

Individuals on the autistic spectrum and their families look for peer support in specialized online forums. These venues also attract advocates and people interested in autism, providing valuable first-hand experience. Previous research focused on quantifying how autistic individuals interact in online communities, and if they benefit from computer-mediated communication. However, there is limited quantitative understanding of the different roles that diagnosed individuals, family members, and neurotypical users play in these communities. This paper analyses Wrong Planet, a large online autism forum where users may openly state their condition in their profile. The sentiment, discourse, and network characteristics of content users contribute (and respond to) differs by user condition. Also, interaction patterns between users with different conditions shed light on the dynamics of the forum community. Content exchanges between family members and neurotypical users are emotionally charged and supportive; however, this support is less present in exchanges with diagnosed members. This paper gives insights on what factors facilitate participation of diagnosed users.
Low cost non-invasive medical device for measuring hemoglobin

Analysis of blood substances such as glucose, hemoglobin, protein, etc. are important parameters for health condition monitoring. The method proposed here uses a couple of photo-plethysmo-graphic (PPG) signal obtained from finger by using two monochromatic light at 660nm (Red) and 940nm (IR) to measure hemoglobin non-invasively. An empirical equation for the calculation of hemoglobin content in blood is used here with well-known extinction coefficient of hemoglobin. Non-invasive measurement is much more interesting by its evident advantages such as real time monitoring. The hemoglobin is measured non-invasively and compared with the values from Massimo device. This investigation helps to rule out the diseases like anemia (low Hb level) and polycythemia (high Hb level).
A comparative radiation hybrid map of bovine chromosome 18 and homologous chromosomes in human and mice

A comprehensive radiation hybrid (RH) map and a high resolution comparative map of Bos taurus (BTA) chromosome 18 were constructed, composed of 103 markers and 76 markers, respectively, by using a cattle-hamster somatic hybrid cell panel and a 5,000 rad whole-genome radiation hybrid (WGRH) panel. These maps include 65 new assignments (56 genes, 3 expressed-sequence tags, 6 microsatellites) and integrate 38 markers from the first generation WGRH5,000 map of BTA18. Fifty-nine assignments of coding sequences were supported by somatic hybrid cell mapping to markers on BTA18. The total length of the comprehensive map was 1666 cR5,000. Break-point positions within the chromosome were refined and a new telomeric RH linkage group was established. Conserved synteny between cattle, human, and mouse was found for 76 genes of BTA18 and human chromosomes (HSA) 16 and 19 and for 34 cattle genes and mouse chromosomes (MMU) 7 and 8. The new RH map is potentially useful for the identification of candidate genes for economically important traits, contributes to the expansion of the existing BTA18 gene map, and provides new information about the chromosome evolution in cattle, humans, and mice.
Response of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation to Increased Atmospheric CO2 in a Coupled Model

Abstract Changes in the thermohaline circulation (THC) due to increased CO2 are important in future climate regimes. Using a coupled climate model, the Parallel Climate Model (PCM), regional responses of the THC in the North Atlantic to increased CO2 and the underlying physical processes are studied here. The Atlantic THC shows a 20-yr cycle in the control run, qualitatively agreeing with other modeling results. Compared with the control run, the simulated maximum of the Atlantic THC weakens by about 5 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) or 14% in an ensemble of transient experiments with a 1% CO2 increase per year at the time of CO2 doubling. The weakening of the THC is accompanied by reduced poleward heat transport in the midlatitude North Atlantic. Analyses show that oceanic deep convective activity strengthens significantly in the Greenland–Iceland–Norway (GIN) Seas owing to a saltier (denser) upper ocean, but weakens in the Labrador Sea due to a fresher (lighter) upper ocean and in the south of the Denmark Strait.
Subtelomeric deletion of 18p in an adult with paranoid schizophrenia and mental retardation

Chromosome anomalies are responsible for a significant proportion of patients with mental retardation, and congenital anomalies. Development of new molecular cytogenetic techniques has provided a powerful tool for detection of patients with subtle chromosome abnormalities. Particularly, investigation of the gene‐rich subtelomeric regions has generated interest regarding the implications and prevalence of cryptic chromosomal rearrangements. Here we describe an adult with a submicroscopic deletion of 18pter, detected by subtelomeric FISH probe. The patient is a 42‐year‐old man with a history of developmental delay, moderate mental retardation, and symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia since adolescence. His physical examination is remarkable for only a few dysmorphic findings typically seen in 18p− syndrome (round face, hypertelorism, down‐slanted palpebral fissures, temporal narrowing, small hands and feet). He lacks significant short stature, skin changes, and associated anomalies involving internal organs. All known patients with deletions of the short arm of chromosome 18 have either loss of large parts of 18p or of the entire p‐arm, or have complex chromosomal rearrangement involving other chromosomes. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a cryptic subtelomeric deletion of 18p and the first case of such a chromosomal anomaly in a patient with schizophrenia. Small subtelomeric chromosomal deletions would be missed by standard G‐banded karyotyping. Therefore, FISH analysis using subtelomeric probes should be considered for diagnostic evaluation of patients with psychiatric symptoms and mental retardation in whom the karyotype is normal. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Shape From Shading Analysis for a Single Perspective Image of a Polyhedron

A shape-from-shading analysis for a single perspective image of a polyhedron is presented. Given a single perspective image of a polyhedron, the depth of any point of the polyhedron from the camera, the direction of the light source illuminating the polyhedron and the albedo of the polyhedron, a system of algebraic equations are derived, which, when combined with edge information, quantitatively describes the shape of the polyhedron. This analysis is best possible in the sense that if any component of what the author has assumed is omitted, no similar analysis can provide the same results. >
HOUSING, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: A GROUNDED THEORY STUDY

The aim of this study was to develop a substantive grounded theory describing the relationship among housing, social support, and the mental health of people with schizophrenia. To achieve this aim, data were collected from people with schizophrenia living in boarding houses and living in their own home. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 people with schizophrenia to explore their experiences and views regarding the impact of their housing on their mental health. Findings indicate a strong desire among all participants to live in their own home. When they do they feel they belong, they feel safe and most importantly they have greater opportunities to make and maintain supportive social relationships.
Acute Myocardial Infarction During Pregnancy and Puerperium Review

The purpose of this review is to analyze the possible parameters that lead to the devel opment of what is a rare event—acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during pregnancy and puerperium. Through the Index Médicus, 109 publications on the subject were obtained. Since the first well-documented case by Katz in 1922, 136 patients have been reported, and from these reports the following data have been gathered: the average age was 32.1 years. This event is more frequent during the third trimester and puerperium of the first and second pregnancies. In 42.6% of the patients no coronary risk factors were observed, but when present, hypertension and cigarette smoking were the most common. The anterior wall along or in combination with any other anatomic area was affected in 73% of cases. Coronary angiograms, when taken, appeared normal in 47%. The maternal mortality rate was 26/136 (19.1%) and was higher during the third trimester, labor, and puerperium. Eight patients (8/26) (30.7%) had sudden death. In 5 of these, (62.5%) coronary thrombosis was found. In 18/26 deaths, an autopsy was performed; 9/18 (50%) had coronary thrombus formation and in 7/18 (39%) variable degrees of atherosclerosis were detected. On the other hand, the fetal mortality rate was 16.9%; however, in only 52% was death coincidental with that of the mother. Coronary artery spasm associated with a probable hypercoagulability state was the most likely mechanism in the majority of these patients, followed by atherosclerotic heart disease and coronary dissection—the last being secondary most likely to hormonal changes. During the AMI these patients should be studied by a medical team composed of a cardiologist, gynecologist, and anesthesiologist. A complete cardiologic work-up should be made to decide individually about further pregnancies.
An adaptive dead-time control scheme for high-switching-frequency dual-active-bridge converter

In high-switching-frequency isolated dc-dc converters, dead-time has a great influence on the switching transition behavior of switching devices. Fixed dead-time is determined by the longest required dead-time and results in missing zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) in some operation conditions, which causes undesirable switching stress and ringing, and efficiency degradation of converter. This paper proposes an adaptive dead-time control scheme for the high-switching-frequency dual-active-bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter. The proposed scheme feedbacks the Vds of primary side switch and can auto-tune the dead-time to make the primary side switching devices work under zero-voltage condition and to increase the converter efficiency. The scheme was implemented in a 5 kW 500 kHz DAB converter prototype, and the experimental results verified the effectiveness of proposed scheme.
Inhibitory effects of muscarinic receptor autoantibodies on parasympathetic neurotransmission in Sjögren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVE Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by dry eyes and mouth (sicca syndrome) and lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands. Abnormalities of parasympathetic neurotransmission may contribute to the glandular dysfunction. In this study, we used a functional assay to investigate autoantibody-mediated effects on parasympathetic neurotransmission and smooth muscle contraction. METHODS Serum and purified IgG were obtained from patients with primary and secondary SS and from control subjects. Contraction of isolated bladder strips in response to stimulation of M3-muscarinic receptors by a muscarinic receptor agonist, carbachol, or by endogenous acetylcholine released from postganglionic parasympathetic nerves was measured before and after the addition of patient serum or IgG. RESULTS Sera from 5 of 9 patients with primary SS and from 6 of 6 patients with secondary SS inhibited carbachol-evoked bladder contraction by approximately 50%. Sera from these patients also inhibited the action of neuronally released acetylcholine at M3-muscarinic receptors. Sera from 7 of 8 healthy individuals, from patients with rheumatoid arthritis without sicca symptoms, and from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had no effect. The anti-muscarinic receptor activity was localized in the IgG fraction, since purified IgG from patients with SS also inhibited agonist- and nerve-evoked contractions. In this preliminary study, the autoantibodies seemed to be associated with the presence of bladder symptoms and other autonomic features. CONCLUSION Autoantibodies that act as antagonists at M3-muscarinic receptors on smooth muscle occur in a subset of patients with primary and secondary SS. Their presence in secondary SS was unexpected and provides new evidence for a common pathogenetic link between primary and secondary SS. These autoantibodies appear to contribute to sicca symptoms and may explain associated features of autonomic dysfunction in some patients.
Estrogen Inhibits Cell Proliferation through In situ Production in Human Thymoma

Purpose: We showed previously estrogen receptor (ER) α as an independent prognostic marker in human thymoma. Estrogen sulfotransferase (EST), steroid sulfatase (STS), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), and aromatase are considered to play important roles in hormone metabolism of estrogen-dependent tumors. Experimental Design: We examined estrogen production using primary cultures of human thymoma epithelial cells (TEC), intratumoral estradiol (E2) concentrations, and status of these enzymes above using immunohistochemistry or semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR. We then correlated these findings with clinicopathologic variables and/or clinical outcome in 132 patients. Results: E2 inhibited cell proliferation via ERα in TEC, which synthesized estrone and E2. Intratumoral E2 concentrations were inversely correlated with EST, positively correlated with STS or 17β-HSD type 1, and significantly higher in lower-grade or early-stage thymoma. EST status was positively correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, histologic differentiation, and Ki-67 labeling index and significantly associated with adverse clinical outcome and turned out to be a potent independent prognostic factor. STS and/or 17β-HSD type 1 status was inversely correlated with Ki-67 labeling index and associated with lower histologic grade or early clinical stages. Conclusions: E2 inhibits proliferation of TEC through ERα, which suggests that E2 may be effective in treatment of thymoma, especially inoperable tumor, possibly through suppressing its cell proliferation activity. EST status is a potent prognostic factor in thymoma through inactivating estrogens. In situ estrogen synthesis through intracrine mechanism therefore may play important roles in tumorigenesis and/or development of thymoma through regulation of cell proliferation in an intracrine manner.
Continuous regional anesthesia after foot surgery in children.

1. Tewari P. Pulmonary artery catheter misplacement. Anesth Analg 2007;104:456. 2. Matyal R, Mahmood F, Panzica P, et al. Inadvertent placement of a flow-directed pulmonary artery catheter in the coronary sinus, detected by transesophageal echocardiography. Anesth Analg 2006;102:363–5. 3. Szabo Z. A simple method to pass pulmonary artery floatation catheter rapidly into the pulmonary artery in anaesthetized patients. Br J Anaesth 2003;90:794–6. 4. Zamorano J, Almeria C, Alfonso F, et al. Transesophageal Doppler analysis of coronary sinus flow: a new method to assess the severity of tricuspid regurgitation. Echocardiography 1997;14:579. 5. Mahmud E, Raisighani A, Kermati S, et al. Dilation of the coronary sinus on echocardiogram: prevalence and significance in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2001;14:44–9.
Evaluation of First-Ray Mobility in Patients with Hallux Valgus Using Weight-Bearing CT and a 3-D Analysis System: A Comparison with Normal Feet

Background: Some physicians report that patients with hallux valgus have hypermobility at the tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint of the first ray and 3-dimensional (3-D) deformity. With use of non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing computed tomography (CT), we evaluated the 3-D mobility of each joint of the first ray in feet with hallux valgus compared with normal feet. Methods: Ten feet of 10 patients with hallux valgus and 10 feet of 10 healthy volunteers with no foot disorders were examined. All participants were women. Weight-bearing (a load equivalent to body weight) and non-weight-bearing CT scans were made with use of a device that we developed. Orthogonal coordinate axes were set and a 3-D model was reconstructed. Each joint of the first ray was aligned with the respective proximal bone, and 3-D displacement of the distal bone relative to the proximal bone under loading was quantified. Results: At the talonavicular joint, significantly greater dorsiflexion of the navicular relative to the talus was observed in the hallux valgus group compared with the control group. At the medial cuneonavicular joint, the hallux valgus group showed significantly greater eversion and abduction of the medial cuneiform relative to the navicular. At the first TMT joint, the hallux valgus group showed significantly greater dorsiflexion, inversion, and adduction of the first metatarsal relative to the medial cuneiform. At the first metatarsophalangeal joint, the hallux valgus group showed significantly greater eversion and abduction of the first proximal phalanx relative to the first metatarsal (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that loading of the foot causes significant 3-D displacement not only at the TMT joint but also at the other joints of the first ray. There is increased mobility in the first ray in patients who have hallux valgus.
Preeclampsia leads to dysregulation of various signaling pathways in placenta

Objectives To compare gene expression profiles of placentas from preeclamptic and normal pregnancies. Study design We performed microarray experiments to analyze genome-wide expression profiling for 10 placentas from pregnant women with preeclampsia and 10 placentas from women who experienced noncomplicated pregnancies (CON), and to identify dysregulated signaling pathways as well as genes in preeclampsia. RT-PCR, real-time RT-PCR and/or immunofluorescence analyses were performed to validate the data obtained from microarray experiments. Results Unsupervised hierarchical clustering showed heterogeneity of preeclampsia at the molecular levels, whereas expression profiles of preeclampsia are distinctly different from those of CON. A list of genes which are differentially expressed between preeclampsia and CON included well known preeclampsia markers, such as Flt-1, leptin, HTRA1 and SIGLEC6. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, a pathway-oriented analysis method for expression profiles, provided evidence that a number of biological activities including pathways that regulate actin cytoskeleton, TGFβ signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, and proteasome activity were aberrantly either up-regulated or down-regulated in preeclampsia. RT-PCR and real-time-RT-PCR for genes contributing these biological pathways (gene sets) enriched in either CON or preeclampsia reinforced that these biological processes were systemically dysregulated in preeclampsia. Conclusions Genome-wide expression profiles of preeclampsia showed heterogeneous characteristics of preeclampsia at the molecular levels. Dysregulation of genes and biological pathways could contribute to abnormal behavior of preeclmapsia. Our results will help further understand underlying mechanisms by which preeclampsia affects placental physiology.
Markers of oxidative protein damage in plasma and urine of type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract This study aims to measure selected markers of oxidative protein damage (OPD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in order to estimate their utility as indicators of oxidative stress (OS) and to search for possible associations between them. The concentrations of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and total sulphydryl (TSH) and reactive carbonyl (RCO) groups are measured in the plasma (P) and urine (U) of 60 patients and 22 controls using spectrophotometric methods. Significantly higher plasma concentrations of AOPP (P<0.001), RCO groups (P<0.01) and their P/U indexes (P<0.001) as well as urinary levels of the RCO and TSH groups (P<0.001) were observed in the diabetic patients compared with the controls. In contrast, the plasma levels and P/U index of the TSH groups were significantly lower (P<0.001). A progressive increase in AOPP (plasma, urine and P/U index) in the course of albuminuria was noted, but significant differences among the subgroups of patients (with normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria) were found only in plasma. Plasma levels of all the measured parameters of OPD showed significant changes in T2DM patients compared with the control group. The largest increase was observed for AOPP. As the urinary AOPP concentration was not significantly different to that of the controls, it cannot be recommended as a marker of oxidative stress for monitoring the development of diabetic nephropathy. The P/U indexes did not provide any more information than the plasma concentrations of the studied markers.
Uncommon non‐Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood: pathological diagnosis, clinical features and treatment approaches

We provide a review of the pathological and clinical features for uncommon B‐cell and T‐cell lymphomas of childhood with a specific focus on advances in treatment approaches and outcomes. There is clearly a need for prospective investigation of both the clinical and biological features of the uncommon non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes in childhood. These results should lead to more uniform and more effective treatment approaches.