Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression pattern of M‐cadherin in normal, denervated, and regenerating mouse muscles

Following muscle damage in adult vertebrates, myofibers can be regenerated from muscle precursor cells (satellite cells). During this process, prenatal myogenesis is recapitulated to a large extent, both morphologically and molecularly. A putative morphoregulatory molecule involved in myogenesis is M‐cadherin (Mcad), a calcium‐dependent cell adhesion protein. The expression of Mcad was studied by immunofluorescence in regenerating, denervated, and normal mouse muscles. Our results demonstrate that Mcad is present in satellite cells in normal muscle. Enhanced staining at sites of contact between satellite cells and the parent muscle fiber suggests an additional, spatially restricted expression of Mcad in muscle fibers. Mcad positive cells in normal and denervated muscles did not incorporate bromodeoxyuridine within 24 hr after injection in vivo, indicating that Mcad is expressed on mitotically quiescent satellite cells. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) co‐localized with Mcad in nearly all satellite cells in denervated muscles but rarely in intact muscles. At early stages of regeneration, Mcad was exclusively and strongly expressed in myoblasts. After fusion of myoblasts into myotubes, Mcad was down‐regulated and was barely detectable on more mature myotubes surrounded by distinct basal lamina sheaths. These observations are in line with the idea that Mcad plays a crucial role in myogenesis. In intact muscle, Mcad might function as a molecular link between satellite cell and muscle fiber. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
4 Tb/s Transmission Reach Enhancement Using 10 × 400 Gb/s Super-Channels and Polarization Insensitive Dual Band Optical Phase Conjugation

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the benefit of polarization insensitive dual-band optical phase conjugation for up to ten 400 Gb/s optical super-channels using a Raman amplified transmission link with a realistic span length of 75 km. We demonstrate that the resultant increase in transmission distance may be predicted analytically if the detrimental impacts of power asymmetry and polarization mode dispersion are taken into account.
The pros and cons of information sharing

Transparency may be a two‐edged sword in oligopolistic markets where it affects both the incentive to deviate from a collusive agreement and the severity of the potential punishment by rival firms. We provide an overview of theories relating transparency to collusion and competition. This is followed by a brief overview of some practical cases to suggest that the efficiency concerns raised by theory are more than academic speculation. The cases considered include Danish ready‐mixed concrete, Swedish retail gasoline, and liner shipping, in addition to seminal cases such as airline tariff publishing, Ivy League, wood pulp, and UK tractors. We conclude with a taxonomy of information exchange and some general lessons for competition policy. JEL Classification: D18; D43; L13; L41
Applying neural networks - a practical guide

Techniques for building neural networks: introduction what are neural networks? how does neural computing differ from traditional programming? how are neural networks built? how do neural networks learn? what do I need to build an MLP? the neural project life cycle the generalisation-accuracy trade-off implementation details activation and learning equations a simple example: modelling a pendulum. Dat encoding and re-coding: introduction data type classification initial statistical calculations dimensionality reduction scaling a data set neural encoding methods temporal data when to carry out re-coding implementation details. Building a network: introduction designing the MLP training neural networks implementations details. Time varying systems: time varying data sets neural networks for predicting or classifying time series choosing the best method for the task predicting more than one step into the future learning separate paths through state space recurrent networks as models of finite state automata summary of temporal neural networks. Data collection and validation: data collection building the training and test sets data quality calculating entropy values for a data set using a forward-inverse model to serve III posed problems. Output and error analysis: introduction what do the errors mean? error bars and confidence limits methods for visualising errors novelty detection implementation details a simple two class example unbalanced data: a mail shot targeting example auto-associative network novelty detection training a network on confidence limits an example based on credit rating. Network use and analysis: introduction extracting reasons traversing a network summary calculating the derivatives personnel selection: a worked example. Managing a neural network based project: project context development platform project personnel project costs the benefits of neural computing the risks involved with neural computing alternatives to a neural computing approach project time scale project documentation system maintenance. Review of neural applications: introduction to part II. Neural networks and signal processing: introduction signal processing as data preparation pre-processing techniques for visual processing neural filters in the Fourier and temporal domains speech recognition production quality control an artistic style classifier fingerprint analysis summary. Financial and business modelling. (Part contents).
An Overview of a Successful Export Industry from Regional Australia. International Journal of Wine Marketing

This article uses data from a survey sample of 292 Australian wineries, as well as a number of case studies, to provide an overview of the export behaviour of wineries based on their stage of internationalization. The overview describes winery characteristics including age, number of employees, extent of domestic market penetration, extent of planning for exporting, reasons for entering the export market and attitudes towards factors perceived to enhance or inhibit exporting. The characteristics of senior managers involved in the decision to export including country of birth, level of education, amount of overseas work experience, work experience in a firm engaged in exporting and fluency in a foreign language are also described.
On source coding with side information at the decoder

Let \{(X_k, Y_k, V_k)\}_{k=1}^{\infty} be a sequence of independent copies of the triple (X,Y,V) of discrete random variables. We consider the following source coding problem with a side information network. This network has three encoders numbered 0, 1, and 2, the inputs of which are the sequences \{ V_k\}, \{X_k\} , and \{Y_k\} , respectively. The output of encoder i is a binary sequence of rate R_i, i = 0,1,2 . There are two decoders, numbered 1 and 2, whose task is to deliver essentially perfect reproductions of the sequences \{X_k\} and \{Y_k\} , respectively, to two distinct destinations. Decoder 1 observes the output of encoders 0 and 1, and decoder 2 observes the output of encoders 0 and 2. The sequence \{V_k\} and its binary encoding (by encoder 0) play the role of side information, which is available to the decoders only. We study the characterization of the family of rate triples (R_0,R_1,R_2) for which this system can deliver essentially perfect reproductions (in the usual Shannon sense) of \{X_k\} and \{Y_k\} . The principal result is a characterization of this family via an information-theoretic minimization. Two special cases are of interest. In the first, V = (X, Y) so that the encoding of \{V_k \} contains common information. In the second, Y \equiv 0 so that our problem becomes a generalization of the source coding problem with side information studied by Slepian and Wo1f [3].
Small Molecule Therapeutics PRIMA-1 Met / APR-246 Displays High Antitumor Activity in Multiple Myeloma By Induction of p 73 and Noxa

Targeting p53 by the small-molecule PRIMA-1/APR-246 has shown promising preclinical activity in various cancer types. However, the mechanism of PRIMA-1–induced apoptosis is not completely understood and its effect on multiple myeloma cells is unknown. In this study, we evaluated antitumor effect of PRIMA-1 alone or its combination with current antimyeloma agents in multiple myeloma cell lines, patient samples, andamousexenograftmodel. Results of our study showed that PRIMA-1 decreased theviability of multiplemyeloma cells irrespective of p53 status, with limited cytotoxicity toward normal hematopoietic cells. Treatment of multiple myeloma cells with PRIMA-1 resulted in induction of apoptosis, inhibition of colony formation, andmigration. PRIMA-1 restoredwild-type conformation ofmutant p53 and induced activation of p73 upregulating Noxa and downregulating Mcl-1 without significant modulation of p53 level. siRNAmediated silencing of p53 showed a little effect on apoptotic response of PRIMA-1, whereas knockdown of p73 led to substantial attenuation of apoptotic activity inmultiplemyeloma cells, indicating that PRIMA-1– induced apoptosis is, at least in part, p73–dependent. Importantly, PRIMA-1 delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival of mice bearing multiple myeloma tumor. Furthermore, combined treatment of PRIMA1 with dexamethasone or doxorubicin displayed synergistic effects in bothmultiple myeloma cell lines and primary multiple myeloma samples. Consistent with our in vitro observations, cotreatment with PRIMA-1 and dexamethasone resulted in enhanced antitumor activity in vivo. Our study for the first time shows antimyeloma activity of PRIMA-1 and provides the rationale for its clinical evaluation in patients with multiple myeloma, including the high-risk group with p53 mutation/deletion. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(11);
HPV: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world. Almost 80% of the world’s population is exposed by the age of 50. HPV can cause oropharyngeal, genital, and anal cancers. It also causes genital warts. There is no cure for HPV but vaccines are available to prevent infection by the most common HPV viruses; unfortunately, usage is low. Most people will clear HPV spontaneously. Those who do not are at high risk for developing malignancy. Treatment mainstays are destruction and excision of the lesions.
Antecedents to Consumers' Acceptance of Mobile Advertisements - A Hierarchical Construct PLS Structural Equation Model

The paper presents a hierarchical construct PLS structural equation model to analyze mobile advertisement acceptance. Hypotheses are established and tested about the hierarchical structure and the effects of the factors that precede consumers' behavioral intention to accept mobile advertisement. The results suggest that valuable content and trust in advertisers are key predictors of mobile device users' acceptance of mobile advertising. In addition, subjective value of the ads and subjective norms mediate these antecedent-acceptance relationships. The results are invaluable to both scholars and business practitioners interested in mobile services.
Access to Electroconvulsive Therapy Services in Canada

Objectives We sought to determine factors governing access to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in Canada. Methods We contacted all 1273 registered health care institutions in Canada and invited the 175 centers identified as providing ECT to complete a comprehensive questionnaire. To determine geographic access to ECT, we used a geographic information system, population density data, and road network data. Responses to 5 questions from the questionnaire were used to identify local barriers to access. Results Approximately 84% of the population in the 10 Canadian provinces live within a 1-hour drive of an ECT center, but 5% live more than 5 hours’ drive away. There was significant province-to-province variation, with all of the citizens of Prince Edward Island living within 2 hours of an ECT center but 12.5% of those in Newfoundland and Labrador living more than 5 hours’ distance away. There are no ECT services at all in the 3 territories, which contain 3% of the Canadian population. Nongeographic barriers to access included inadequate human resources, particularly, a lack of anesthesiologists, in 59% of the centers; logistical impedances (52%); space limitations (45%); strictures on the hiring of adequate staff (29%); imposed limits to number of treatments or to operating or postanesthetic room time (28%); and a lack of funds to purchase up-to-date ECT or related anesthesiology equipment (14%). Conclusions Electroconvulsive therapy is geographically accessible for most Canadians. Even when geography is not a factor, however, there are significant barriers to access resulting from inadequate availability of qualified professional staff, treatment areas, and funding.
Strong biofilm production but not adhesion virulence factors can discriminate between invasive and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis strains

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a leading cause of hospital‐acquired infections, mostly associated with the use of medical devices in immunocompromised patients. It originates from the patient's own skin flora, which is subject to severe changes as a result of selective pressure exerted by the hospital environment. This notion led us to compare S. epidermidis isolates from catheter related infections (CRI), non‐catheter related bacteremia (NCRB) and catheter hub cultures (commensal isolates). The collection comprised 47 CRI strains from the Bone Marrow Transplant Centre of Tunis, 25 NCRB strains and 25 commensal isolates from patients hospitalized in the same center. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence‐associated genes (icaABC, aap, atlE, bhp, fbe, embp, and IS256), polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis, and biofilm formation were investigated. The clonal relationship of strains was investigated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Whereas bhp, atlE, fbe, embp, and aap were almost ubiquitously amplified, resistance to oxacillin, kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, cotrimoxazole, and fosfomycin, biofilm production, ica genes, and IS256 were significantly more frequent in invasive (CRI and NCRB strains) than in commensal strains. Moreover, strong biofilm production was significantly more frequent among CRI strains than in NCRB strains. In conclusion, when S. epidermidis is isolated from blood cultures, the detection of strong biofilm production may be significant with regard to judging whether the detected strain is an etiologic agent of CRI.
Non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis in Victoria, Australia: responding to high rates of re-presentation and low rates of follow-up

In Australia, the non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis service in Victoria (VNPEPS) maintains a database of non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (NPEP) use throughout the state. Through the database the service can monitor and respond to patterns of NPEP presentation, re-presentation and follow-up as well as those who test positive for HIV. We describe a cohort of NPEP individuals from the commencement of the service to 31 December 2009. During this time, 1864 individuals presented for NPEP on 2396 occasions. The majority (85%) were men who have sex with men (MSM) presenting after receptive anal intercourse (56.1%). Repeat NPEP presentations were high (17.5%) and follow-up testing at week 12 post-NPEP was low (34%). Twenty-two patients (1.2%) tested positive for HIV at baseline presentation and six patients seroconverted to HIV during follow-up. The VNPEPS has initiated strategies to encourage behaviour change for those who re-present for NPEP, and to improve rates of week 12 follow-up.
Likelihood-Based comparison of stable paretian and competing models: Evidence from daily exchange rates

Considering alternative models for exchange rates has always been a central issue in applied research. Despite this fact, formal likelihood-based comparisons of competing models are extremely rare. In this paper, we apply the Bayesian marginal likelihood concept to compare GARCH, stable, stable GARCH, stochastic volatility, and a new stable Paretian stochastic volatility model for seven major currencies. Inference is based on combining Monte Carlo methods with Laplace integration. The empirical results show that neither GARCH nor stable models are clear winners, and a GARCH model with stable innovations is the model best supported by the data.
Nutritional Requirements in Methionine + Cystine for White-Egg Laying Hens During the First Cycle of Production

3 Abstract: A total of 288 leghorn laying hens were used in an experiment to determine methionine+cystine (TSAA) requirements. The addition of six levels of DL-methionine to a basal diet containing 14.4% of crude protein resulted in 0.484, 0.534, 0.584, 0.634, 0.684, and 0.734% TSAA contents. This experiment lasted from 22 to 38 week of age. Increasing TSAA from 0.484 to 0.734% had a quadratic effect on egg production, egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion, and body weight. Based on quadratic regression, TSAA requirements for maximum egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and body weight gain and minimum feed conversion were 0.658, 0.681, 0.664, 0.683, and 0.6665%, respectively. White-Egg laying hens required 0.67% TSAA in diets or 737 mg TSAA per hen daily from 22 to 38 wk of age (with feed consumption of 110 g).
Experimental herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis: ratios of serum- to cerebrospinal fluid-antibody titers and their relation to fever and virus activity.

The evaluation of chemotherapy for HSV related encephalitis (HSVE) might be improved if measurements of disease activity were available. In a previous report we noted a correlation of HSVE in humans with a serum: CSF antibody-titer ratio of <20:1 [1]. To evaluate this method furher, we used the rabbit model of HSVE [2, 3] and compared the serum:CSF antibody-titer ratio with the temperature response and the virus titers within brain tissue. Virus was first isolated from brain tissue on day 3 after inoculation and persisted throughout the remaining five days of the study; the peak geometric mean titer occurred on day 7 (P < .003). A significant change in mean temperature was not observed until after day 4, following which a steady rise visa vis preinoculation readings was observed on each successive day; this rise in mean temperature was directly related to the geometric mean virus titer for each day (P < .001). Serum antibody was undetectable prior to day 3, when it appeared in one of the five rabbits studied. By day 4 three of the five animals had detectable serum antibody, and on day 5 all five rabbits had detectable serum antibody; from day 3 through day 8 there was a significant daily increase in the geometric mean titer (P < .001). Detection of CSF antibody lagged that of serum antibody by
Analysis of share price determinants at Nairobi securities exchange

ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study.1 1.2 Statement of the Problem.4 1.3 Research Objectives.5 1.4 Value of the Study.5 1.5 Outline of the Study.6 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.
Contracting for Road and Highway Maintenance

The condition of the roads and highways in the United States is less than stellar. In order to help the government get more for its money, highway maintenance and construction are often contracted out. This how to guide provides best practices and lessons learned in outsourcing highway projects. The table of contents lists the following headings: 1. Why Outsource? - A. Outsourcing to Achieve Cost Savings, B. Outsourcing to Improve Efficiency, C. Outsourcing to Improve Quality, D. Outsourcing to Spur Innovation, E. Outsourcing to Gain Access to Expertise, F. Outsourcing to Meet Peak Demands and Speed Project Delivery, G. Outsourcing to Increase Flexibility, H. Outsourcing to Better Manage Risks; 2. Contract Options - A. Traditional Contracts, B. Performance-based Contracts, C. Warranty-type Contracts; Contract Structure - A. Service Approach, B. Selection Process, C. Alternatives to Low-bid, D. Performance Standards or Objectives, E. Risk-sharing, F. Labor and Employee Issues, G. Accountability and Monitoring, H. Term and Payment, I. Termination; and 3. Conclusion.
The Relationship between Activity Based Costing, Business Strategy and Performance in Moroccan

The Activity Based Costing (ABC) represents a new model in the management accounting. In recent decades, it has been the subject of several research papers, especially in developed countries (USA, UK, France.). However, this type of works is still absent in the Arab countries. In this context, this article highlights the results of an empirical study on the relationship between ABC, business strategy and organizational performance in 62 Moroccan enterprises. 12.9% of the responding companies reported using the ABC method. The results using logistic regression indicate that the business strategy has not a significant influence on the use of this new method of the management accounting. Also, we found that the management accounting system based on ABC method results in a better performance for enterprises that have adopted it. Finally, we demonstrated that the both types of firms (prospectors and defenders) have an interest to adopt the ABC method.
Merger Means of Payment and Analyst Recommendation Change

In merger and acquisition (M&A), we find strong evidence that within a 90 day window of a deal announcement date, analysts are more likely to upgrade their recommendations over the acquirer stocks in deals with cash only payment compared to deals with pure stock payment. To disentangle the means of payment impact on the short term abnormal return of acquirer stocks from other impacts, we performed an event study using a three day window around the deal announcement date and conducted an instrumental variable test. We found a 1.06% (-1.05%) cumulative abnormal return for the acquirer stocks for cash only versus pure stock deals during this time frame. Our findings extend the merger means of payment hypothesis, suggesting cash only deals in the short term will receive more positive upgrades by the analysts for the acquirer stocks compared to pure stock deals. The market reacts to this and results in a difference of cumulative abnormal return for the acquirer stocks.
Clinical features and symptom recovery on a gluten-free diet in Canadian adults with celiac disease.

BACKGROUND Celiac disease can present with mild or nongastrointestinal symptoms, and may escape timely recognition. The treatment of celiac disease involves a gluten-free diet, which is complex and challenging. OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical features and symptom recovery on a gluten-free diet in a Canadian adult celiac population. METHODS All adult members (n=10,693) of the two national celiac support organizations, the Canadian Celiac Association and Fondation québécoise de la maladie coeliaque, were surveyed using a questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 5912 individuals (≥18 years of age) with biopsy-confirmed celiac disease and⁄or dermatitis herpetiformis completed the survey. The female to male ratio was 3:1, and mean (± SD) age at diagnosis was 45.2 ± 16.4 years. Mean time to diagnosis after onset of symptoms was 12.0 ± 14.4 years. Abdominal pain and bloating (84.9%), extreme weakness⁄tiredness (74.2%), diarrhea (71.7%) and anemia (67.8%) were the most commonly reported symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Many respondents continued to experience symptoms after being on a gluten-free diet for >5 years. Sex differences were reported in clinical features before diagnosis, recovery after being on gluten-free diet and perceived quality of life, with women experiencing more difficulties than men. CONCLUSIONS Delays in diagnosis of celiac disease in Canada remain unacceptably long despite wider availability of serological screening tests. Many patients report continuing symptoms despite adhering to a gluten-free diet for >5 years, with women experiencing more symptoms and a lower recovery rate than men. Awareness of celiac disease needs improvement, and follow-up with a physician and a dietitian is essential for all patients with celiac disease.