Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DISTRIBUTION, HABITAT USE, AND ABUNDANCE PATTERNS OF LANDBIRD COMMUNITIES ON THE JUAN FERNÁNDEZ ISLANDS, CHILE

The entire surface area of the Juan Fernandez Islands (~ 95 km²) (Chile) was mapped accord- ing to bird habitats. Twelve principal habitat types were described. Comparisons of an avifaunal recon- struction with our recent findings show that the number of regularly breeding terrestrial bird species increased from 7 to 11 since the discovery of the islands in 1574 until today. Six out of the seven native landbird species are endemic, each being restricted to a single island. Distribution and abundance patterns are given for all landbird species and habitat types. Endemics generally show preference for habitat types dominated by native plants. Although non endemic birds have invaded such habitats also, they prefer hab- itats with introduced plants. Non endemic species were found in a broader range of habitat types than
The provision of fiction for public libraries

The survey described here was an attempt to discover what types of fiction are issued in public libraries, how novels are chosen by users, whether they are reserved and whether read, and also to record users' observations on other matters such as preferences in physical format, fiction buying and library booklists. The intention was to provide information of practical value for librarians concerned in the selection and promotion of fiction in public libraries.
Postsecondary Strengths, Challenges, and Supports Experienced by Foster Care Alumni College Graduates

Young people transitioning from foster care to college experience unique identities and circumstances that make being successful in college especially challenging. We used qualitative survey data from 248 college graduates who were formerly in foster care to explore the strengths, challenges, and supports they experienced while in college that affected their success. A qualitative content analysis of responses to 3 open-ended survey questions revealed 7 global themes related to participants’ college experiences: positive self, overcoming, interpersonal relationships, finances and logistics, academic orientation, physical and mental health, and independent living skills. Subordinate themes are identified and participant quotes are provided to help illuminate participants’ postsecondary experiences. A primary goal for this study is to increase awareness of this hidden population on college campuses and provide a better understanding of their unique circumstances and needs. This information can be used by colleges and advocates to improve support services for these youth.
Can Meaning Negotiation Work with English Language Learners in the Writing Center

This article examines the impact of the Collaborative and Interaction Theories on second language learners in the writing centers. It also supports the notion that when English language learners meet with writing consultants to negotiate meaning when analyzing their texts, they gain proficiency in the target language. Meaning negotiation is going to be understood as the interaction that takes place between speakers when some misconstruction occurs. In addition, it provides an overview of research studies of the role of meaning negotiation in promoting opportunities for language acquisition, which imply a change in the way language learning and teaching are addressed.
Discussion Reporting of 14C Data

Count rates, representing the rate of 14C decay, are the basic data obtained in a 14C laboratory. The conversion of this information into an age or geochemical parameters appears a simple matter at first. However, the path between counting and suitable 14C data reporting (table 1) causes headaches to many. Minor deflections in pathway, depending on personal interpretations, are possible and give end results that are not always useful for inter-laboratory comparisons. This discussion is an attempt to identify some of these problems and to recommend certain procedures by which reporting ambiguities can be avoided.
The Role of a CA Repeat Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of the Insulin like Growth Factor-I gene in Physiology and the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

textabstractA polymorphism in the promoter region of the IGF-I gene is amongst others related to total IGF-I serum levels, body height and type 2 diabetes. In this thesis, we investigated the influence of this polymorphism on the age-related decline, secular trend in body height, beta cell function, risk of micro-albuminuria, diabetic retinopathy and mortality. All subjects were participants of the Rotterdam Study, a population based cohort study of diseases in the elderly. We observed an age related decline in IGF-I serum levels only in subjects who were carrier of the most frequent alleles. Individuals who were non-carriers of the most frequent alleles, had the lowest serum IGF-I level and the lowest body height. Furthermore, we observed in this group in individuals with a normal glucose tolerance a decreased beta cell function. Non-carriers of the mst freqent alleles also had a higher risk to develop diabetic retinopathy, micro-albuminuria and had worse survival compared to persons who were carriers of the most frequent alleles.
Input-provision/Output-elicitation MALL Program and Iranian Preintermediate EFL Learners' Vocabulary Enhancement

This study probed the effectiveness of text messaging device for vocabulary enhancement of Iranian preintermediate learners in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. To this end, 37 EFL male learners were selected (through convenience sampling) as the participants of the study and randomly assigned to three groups. The treatment lasted for 16 consecutive sessions (two sessions each weak & 10 vocabulary items per session); overall, participants received 160 vocabulary items during the entire treatment period. Subsequent to treatment, a posttest was administered in order to measure learners’ vocabulary retention. Besides, in the last phase of the study, the attitudes of students toward Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) were investigated via conducting a semistructured interview and administering the MALL Attitude Questionnaire. The analysis of posttest data through Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the Input-provision/Output-elicitation MALL group participants, who received the proposed input and produced output through cellphones, outperformed the other two groups. Moreover, the Input-provision MALL group, who received input via cellphones and produced output on paper, outperformed the Traditional group, who received input and produced output on paper. In addition, the analysis of the data gathered through MALL Attitude Questionnaire and semistructured interview revealed that almost all the participants held a positive attitude toward MALL. Finally, the results pointed to no significant relationship between students' attitudes toward MALL and their posttest vocabulary achievement.
Reusing Old Policies to Accelerate Learning on New MDPs

We consider the reuse of policies for previous MDPs in learning on a new MDP, under the assumption that the vector of parameters of each MDP is drawn from a fixed probability distribution. We use the options framework, in which an option consists of a set of initiation states, a policy, and a termination condition. We use an option called a \emph{reuse option}, for which the set of initiation states is the set of all states, the policy is a combination of policies from the old MDPs, and the termination condition is based on the number of time steps since the option was initiated. Given policies for $m$ of the MDPs from the distribution, we construct reuse options from the policies and compare performance on an $m+1$st MDP both with and without various reuse options. We find that reuse options can speed initial learning of the $m+1$st task. We also present a distribution of MDPs for which reuse options can slow initial learning. We discuss reasons for this and suggest other ways to design reuse options.
Physics-Based Scientific Learning Module to Improve Students Motivation and Results

Teaching materials that available in the school to learn physics especially scientific-based is limited and become one of the obstacles to achieving the learning objectives on electromagnetic waves material. The research aims are to gain scientific Physics-based learning modules for high school grade XII students who have met the eligibility criteria, determine the effectiveness of using scientific-based learning modules Physics to improve motivation and learning outcomes from students of grade XII High School. The development of this research on Physics module using 4D development procedure which consists of the steps of define, design, development, and dissemination. Definition phase consists of the teacher and student’s needs analysis process, material analysis, as well as the formulation of the learning module. The design phase of physics learning modules according to the stage of scientific learning is integrated into the module. The development phase consists of the development process of the modules from the design results, validating the feasibility, module revision, limited testing, and the use of scientifically-based learning modules Physics in grade XII IPA 1 Batik 2 Surakarta senior high school. The deployment phase is the deployment process module to another Senior High School in Surakarta. Data Analysis for the study is a quantitative descriptive analysis based on the score criteria and analysis of increasing student motivation through N-gain. Conclusion obtained are; 1) Physics-based scientific learning modules that developed meet the eligibility criteria on aspects of content and presentation, language, the chart, and aspects of learning. The module is declared worthy of the ideals validation results with the percentage of 85.16%, 83.66% by students and teachers in the response phase of the deployment of 85.93%, which is included in the category of "very good"; 2) Physics-based scientific learning modules with material scientific electromagnetic waves can increase students' motivation to gain value 0.4 or in the category "medium".
Underreporting of medication errors in nursing students: a threat to patient safety

Medication errors (MEs) are among the most prevalent health errors threatening patients’ safety and are regarded as an index for determining patients’ well-being in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to explore the ME reporting rate and causes of underreporting among the nursing students in the city of Kerman. In this cross-sectional study, 90 nursing students in the seventh and eighth semesters of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad University of Kerman were selected. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three parts: 1) demographic information, 2) types and causes of medication errors, and 3) causes of underreporting. Data analyses were performed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The SPSS 16 statistical software was used in this study and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. According to the data, 66.7% of the nursing students in this study had made MEs, and the rate of underreporting was calculated at 40%. The most important causes of MEs were illegible data cards and prescriptions, and the major reasons for underreporting were fear of low evaluation scores, reprimand and punishment. There was no statistically significant relationship between demographic characteristics and underreporting of MEs in nursing students (P > 0.05). Findings of this study showed that the rate of MEs is high among nursing students and that medication errors are a major problem in the field of nursing. Patient safety and MEs are two important topics in health care, and recognition of the factors contributing to the latter may decrease their frequency and consequently improve patient safety and the quality of care.
Relation between the physical demands and success in professional soccer players

Background: The analysis of the efforts performed during a soccer match and its relation with the competitive success still presents numerous questions. Objective: 1) To describe and compare the physical demands (total covered meters and meters covered at high speed ranges), between the teams of the Spanish First and Second Division league. 2) To determine if the distance covered of the teams is related to the sports success (final classification, the points obtained and the goals in favour and against). Method: A total of 712 games (First and Second Division) were analysed using a computerized multi-camera system (Mediacoach, Mediapro and LaLiga ©). In order to quantify the physical performance, the following distances were recorded: total distance (TD), the distance covered between 21-24 km/h (DHI) and distance covered above 24km/h) (DVHI). In order to quantify the sports success, we considered the final classification, the obtained points as well as the goals in favour and against. Results: The total distance covered by the teams of the First and Second Division Leagues was similar, however, the distance covered at high intensity and distance covered at very high intensity was greater in the teams of the First Division (p 1.2). No relations were detected between the meters covered and the recorded success indicators. Conclusion: This data should be taken into account by the coaches and physical trainers when guiding the training process of their teams. The distance covered during the competition does not have a direct relationship with success.
THE DYNAMICS OF AN ANIMAL—VEGETATION SYSTEM: SHEEP FARMING

The paper studies the economy and ecology of sheep farming at the farm level in a Nordic context, with a crucial distinction between the outdoors grazing season and the winter indoors feeding season, and where climate conditions fix the length of the grazing season. Two different categories of animals, ewes (adult females) and lambs, and one plant species are included in our ecological model. The farmer is assumed to maximize present‐value profit where the revenue is made up income from meat and wool production. We find that livestock cycles may represent an optimal management policy. We also show that in a possible steady state with a constant number of animals and constant vegetation quantity, slaughtering either only lambs or only ewes is optimal.
Influence of salinity on growth and osmotic relations of Sporobolus ioclados

Sporobolus ioclados (Nees ex Trin.) Nees (Poaceae) is a perennial salt secreting grass distributed from coastal sand dunes and marshes of the Arabian Sea to saline flats throughout the Indus basin in Pakistan. Effects of NaCl on growth, water relations and ion accumulation were studied. Plants were grown in 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mM NaCl in sand culture using subirrigation method. Fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots were highest in non-saline control. Increase in salinity inhibited growth and plants had high mortality at 500 mM NaCl. Tissue water decreased with an increase in salinity. Water and osmotic potential decreased with increase in salinity and plants lost turgor. Stomatal conductance progressively decreased with the increase in salinity. Shoot ion content was low and showed little variation with increase in salinity.
DNA Methylation in Acacia mangium In vitro and Ex-vitro Buds, in relation to their Within-shoot Position, Age and Leaf Morphology of the Shoots

Abstract DNA methylation was analyzed in Acacia mangium Willd. buds collected from in vitro and field growing shoots from the same clone and its juvenile offspring. Shoot tips from in vitro microshoots showed higher levels of DNA methylation for juvenile (23.4%) than for mature (21.8%) plant material, irrespective of their morphology. Likewise, under the same in vitro conditions, the apical buds collected from microshoots exhibiting the juvenile morphology displayed higher DNA methylation rates (23.2%) than those characterized by the mature phyllode morphological type (22.1%), regardless of the age of the plant material source. In outdoor conditions, apical buds collected from mature tree growing shoots were significantly less methylated (20.9%) than the resting axillary buds located just underneath (25.2%) and than the apical buds from the in vitro microshoots of the same clone and mature-like phyllode morphology (22.6%). Overall, the DNA methylation levels found for our Acacia mangium plant materials were consistent with those reported for other Angiosperms, but showed, similarly to other recent findings in different species, that DNA methylation in plants does not always increase with ageing. This was discussed in relation to other phase-related traits and more particularly foliage characteristics, which are conspicuous markers of ageing in this heteroblastic species.
Scale-Up Preparation and Characterization of Collagen/Sodium Alginate Blend Films

In an effort to produce scale-up of edible films, collagen-based films including different amounts of sodium alginate (CS) were prepared by casting method. Films were characterized based on their rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), and oxygen permeability (OP). The microstructures were also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the addition of sodium alginate effectively improved the viscosity and thermal stability, significantly increased TS, and decreased and WVP ( ), but with no obvious effect on OP ( ). SEM and AFM showed homogeneous matrix, with no signs of phase separation in the blends. Overall, films (CS2) produced using collagen (g) : sodium alginate (g) = 10 : 2 showed suitable rheological property (apparent viscosity was 4.87 m Pa s−1) and better TS (26.49 Mpa), (64.98%), WVP (1.79 × 10−10 g·cm−1·s−1·Pa−1), and OP (3.77 × 10−5 cm3·m−2·d−1·Pa−1).
Modelling of Turning Traffic Volume In Ibadan, Nigeria using Linear and Hybrid Furness-Fratar Techniques

Estimation for inflow and outflow traffic volumes are often carried out manually and electronically. These are used for road design planning and management. The time, labour and financial demand are often high and needed serious consideration. This has thus formed the basis of this work. objective of this work is directed at reducing the time, labour and financial demand associated with traffic volume count. Two new traffic models namely linear lagragian and hybrid furness-fratar models were developed. The models were used to investigate an intersection with five legs at Ibadan, Nigeria. The predicted traffic volume when one of the legs was treated as unknown was compared with the field values. Thereafter turning traffic volumes estimate for all the legs was carried out using furness model. The model estimates using linear lagragian showed that estimate of leg with least traffic volume are closer to the field values than when legs with high traffic volume were considered. The hybrid furness-fratar model did not give a clearly defined pattern The U- turn traffic volumes for all the legs were less than 0.05 % when compared with the outflow volume. This suggests that U-turn is very unusual at this intersection and should be taken into consideration at any future development.
Selective Retention: A Longitudinal Analysis. III. A Comparison of Recruit Training Attrities, Delayed Graduates, and Graduates

Abstract : The objective of this effort was to compare the attitudinal responses, collected during the first and last weeks of recruit training, of recruits who were discharged during recruit training (attrites), those who graduated from recruit training after a delay for remedial or medical treatment (delayed graduates), and those who graduated from recruit training without delay (graduates). At the beginning or recruit training, the attitudes, of delayed graduates and graduates were similar and were significantly more positive than those expressed by the attrites. At the end of training, delayed graduates and graduates exhibited a large number of attitudinal differences. The delayed graduates reported more negative experiences during recruit training, less intention to complete their enlistment, less satisfaction with the Navy, and less commitment to the Navy than did the graduates. The delayed graduates also experienced a higher rate of post recruit training attrition during the first 20-21 months of the first enlistment than did the graduates. (Author)
Teacher Cognition in Foreign Language Vocabulary Teaching: A Study of Iranian High School EFL Teachers

Notwithstanding the relevance of teacher cognition inquiries, which has already become a tradition in our field, and exploration made to the many covert aspects of second language (L2) teachers’ pedagogical thought processes, previous research has not fully taken vocabulary as a curricular area into account from L2 teachers’ frame of reference. This inquiry sought to investigate vocabulary teaching approaches and challenges in some Iranian high schools from L2 teachers’ perspectives thorough a basic qualitative research design in which a multiple qualitative data collection methods has been employed. Participants were purposefully selected and data collected through this method has been the foundation for the ensuing and interpretation. Findings indicate that although participants possessed a good deal of knowledge about English language teaching in general and vocabulary instruction in particular, approaches they employed to teach vocabulary are not in congruence with their real beliefs and do not essentially include any metacognitive and socio-affective strategies. However, major problems L2 teachers face with in vocabulary teaching are identified to be either related to the educational system or to the contextual factors.