Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Month of The Year Effect pada Beberapa Pasar Modal di Asia Tenggara dan Pasar Komoditas

One of prominent phenomenon in capital market is month of the year effect which is the occurence of certain monthly pattern in capital market return during trading years. There were enormous researches, which had been done to explain this phenomenon in capital market but the results always varied. Unfortunately there was a few research to explain this phenomenon in commodities market. Based on these facts, research about this seasonality still need to be done both in capital market and commodities market. Data used in this study were several South East Asia monthly closing stock market indexes and several commodity product monthly closing prices such as gold, silver, platinum, paladium and West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil during January 1999 – March 2014 period. GARCH (1,1) was employed to analyze the data. The finding shows that month of the year effect still exist in capital market in South East Asia and commodity market during research period with various occurences. Each capital market and commodity market behaves variously during trading year. This may lead to an opportunity, which can be grabbed by active market switching strategy for sophisticated investors, and investors who have multiple access to regional capital markets and commodity markets.
A Model of Fickle Capital Flows and Retrenchment

We develop a model of gross capital flows and analyze their role in global financial stability. In our model, consistent with the data, when a country experiences asset fire sales, foreign investments exit (fickleness), while domestic investments abroad return home (retrenchment). When countries have symmetric expected returns and financial development, the benefits of retrenchment dominate the costs of fickleness and gross flows increase fire-sale prices. Fickleness, however, creates a coordination problem since it encourages local policy makers to restrict capital inflows. When countries are asymmetric, capital flows are driven by additional mechanisms—reach for safety and reach for yield—that can destabilize the receiving country.
A Framework for Workgroup Collaboration in a Vir tual Environment: Theoretical Synthesis and Empir ical Exploration

The effects of computer-mediated communication (CMC) have been investigated within two primary research streams: task-oriented and relationship-oriented perspectives. Due to the different perspectives, as we identified, a theoretical gap exists in the CMC domain. The purpose of this paper is to combine the two different perspectives into a single unified model, thereby providing a more realistic and comprehensive understanding. The proposed model predicts both task performance and relational development in a virtual workspace. The model is tested using data gathered through a self administered mail survey of 127 individuals of 69 virtual workgroups. The proposed model was supported, providing preliminary evidence that the two perspectives should be integrated. The results show that the individual's psychological processes (social presence and cognitive effort) in a virtual environment significantly mediated the effect of CMC inputs (media richness, user adaptation, and shared context) on the CMC outputs (task performance and relational development)
China's genetic services providers' attitudes towards several ethical issues: a cross‐cultural survey

Attitudes towards ethical, legal and social issues in genetic research and practice were investigated in 402 genetic services providers from 30 provinces and autonomous regions in China. This was done using a Chinese version of an international survey questionnaire on ethics and genetics that has been circulated in 37 nations. In all, 255 study participants completed questionnaires (63%). The majority of the respondents (89%) reported that they agreed with the current Chinese laws and regulations on termination of pregnancy for genetic abnormalities and non‐medical indications, on the basis of considerations of population control and family planning. More than half the respondents opposed sex selection by prenatal diagnosis in the absence of an X‐linked disorder. However, most of them (86%) would prefer directive counseling. More than half would agree to disclose genetic information to relatives at risk, and would permit third parties such as law enforcement agencies, spouse/partner, blood relatives, employers involving public safety, life and health insurers to access stored DNA without consent. The majority (73%‐98%) also thought that DNA fingerprinting should be required for prisoners convicted of or charged with crimes, members of armed forces and all newborns. Although these are only the first part of the results of our international survey, they provide an initial basis for international discussion on ethics and genetics in China.
A stochastic indicator for sovereign debt sustainability

We propose a stochastic indicator to assess government debt sustainability. This indicator combines the effect of economic uncertainty - represented by stochastic simulations of interest and growth rates - with the expected fiscal response, which provides information on the long-term country-specific attitude towards fiscal sustainability. We apply our framework to postwar data for nine OECD countries and find that our indicator - the potential increase in debt in bad states of the world - distinguishes countries that have sustainability concerns (Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Iceland) from those that do not (the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany).
Elementary Preservice Teacher Field Supervision: A Survey of Teacher Education Programs

ABSTRACT There is a heightened focus within teacher education to centralize clinical experiences and develop strong partnerships between schools and universities. University field supervisors fulfill a critical role within clinical experiences because they are uniquely situated in spaces where they can help preservice teachers and school-based partners integrate theory and practice. However, historically, field supervision has been devalued within teacher education programs. The purpose of this research was to gain insight into how various teacher education programs are actualizing field experiences and specifically field supervision within this time of reform in teacher education. This survey explored the question, “What is the state of preservice teacher field supervision within elementary teacher education programs? ” Findings from this study suggest teacher education programs surveyed are positioned to respond to reforms in the areas of enacting multiple field experiences as well as conceptualizing field supervision beyond observation and feedback. Findings can help teacher education programs begin to develop common understandings, goals, and nomenclature about actualizing reforms for clinically-rich teacher education.
CD98 immunoreactivity in multinucleated giant cells of glioblastomas: An immunohistochemical double labeling study

CD98, which is identical to fusion regulatory protein‐1 (FRP‐1), has been reported to induce and regulate cell fusion and multinucleated giant cell formation. To investigate the association between CD98 and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) in glioblastomas, we investigate the CD98 immunoreactivity of MNGCs and the proliferative potential in CD98 immunoreactive MNGCs in paraffin‐embedded sections obtained from patients with glioblastomas. Double immunohistochemical staining for CD98 and Ki67 as a mitotic marker were performed in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded specimens obtained from 16 patients with primary glioblastomas including MNGCs. Most CD98 immunoreactive (CD98+) tumor cells were negative for Ki67. CD98+ MNGCs were identified in 15 cases. CD98+ Ki67– MNGCs were identified in 14 cases and ranged in number from one to 48 (6.7 ± 11.5). CD98– Ki67+ MNGCs were identified in 15 cases and ranged in number from one to 32 (11.1 ± 9.6). Mitotic index (MI) of CD98+ MNGCs (4.8 ± 2.7%) was significantly lower than that of CD98– MNGCs (91.1 ± 24.6%) (P < 0001). These results suggest that multinucleated giant cell formation may be developed by fusion among CD98– producing cells in glioblastomas.
Processing of Alcohol-Related Health Threat in At-Risk Drinkers: An Online Study of Gender-Related Self-Affirmation Effects.

AIMS Defensiveness in response to threatening health information related to excessive alcohol consumption prevents appropriate behaviour change. Alternatively, self-affirmation may improve cognitive-affective processing of threatening information, thus contributing to successful self-regulation. METHODS Effects of an online self-affirmation procedure were examined in at-risk university student drinkers. Participants were randomly assigned to a self-affirmation (writing about personally relevant values) or control task (writing about values relevant to another person) prior to presentation of alcohol-related threatening information. Assessment of prosocial feelings (e.g. 'love') after the task served as a manipulation check. Generic and personalized information regarding the link between alcohol use and cancer was presented, followed by assessment of perceived threat, message avoidance and derogation. Page dwell-times served as indirect indices of message engagement. Alcohol consumption and intention to drink less were assessed during the first online session and at 1-week and 1-month follow-up. RESULTS Although self-affirmation resulted in higher levels of prosocial feelings immediately after the task, there was no effect on behaviour in the self-affirmation group. Effects on intention were moderated by gender, such that men showed lower intention immediately after self-affirmation, but this increased at 1-week follow-up. Women's intention to reduce consumption in the self-affirmation group reduced over time. Trend-level effects on indices of derogation and message acceptance were in the predicted direction only in men. CONCLUSION It is feasible to perform self-affirmation procedures in an online environment with at-risk drinkers. However, use of internet-based procedures with this population may give rise to (gender-dependent) effects that are substantially diluted compared with lab-based experiments.
An oncolytic adenoviral vector of Smac increases antitumor activity of TRAIL against HCC in human cells and in mice

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) displays a high resistance to tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis–inducing ligand (TRAIL)–mediated cell death. To increase sensitivity of HCC cells to TRAIL, we have constructed an oncolytic adenoviral vector (ZD55) and used this vector to deliver second mitochondria‐derived activator of caspases (Smac) and TRAIL genes (ZD55‐Smac and ZD55‐TRAIL, respectively) into HCC cells. Our data showed that human HCC cells express high levels of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). Transfected HCC cells expressing exogenous X‐linked IAPs (XIAPs) displayed more resistance to TRAIL. The expression of Smac led to rapid and potent activation of apoptosis in HCC cells after infection with ZD55‐Smac. The activation of caspases and induction of apoptosis could be enhanced further through coinfection with ZD55‐TRAIL. The combined treatment of ZD55‐Smac and ZD55‐TRAIL resulted in significant reduction of XIAP expression levels. In addition, our in vivo data in mice showed only a partial response in the established tumor treated either by ZD55‐Smac or ZD55‐TRAIL alone. By contrast, complete tumor regression was observed by combination of ZD55‐Smac and ZD55‐TRAIL in all treated animals. This strong antitumoral activity achieved by this combination was due to a dramatic induction of tumor cell apoptosis in the treated tumors. In conclusion, our data indicate that Smac antagonizes the IAPs in HCC tumor cells and enhances tumor cell death induced by TRAIL in the oncolytic adenoviral vector. The combination of Smac and TRAIL delivered by way of the oncolytic adenoviral vector would provide a useful strategy for therapy of HCC and might also be applied to other IAPs abundant in cancers. (HEPATOLOGY 2004;39:1371–1381.)
Resident Evaluations: The Use of Daily Evaluation Forms in Rheumatology Ambulatory Care

Objective. The in-training evaluation report (ITER) is widely used to assess clinical skills, but has limited validity and reliability. The purpose of our study was to assess the feasibility, validity, reliability, and effect on feedback of using daily evaluation forms to evaluate residents in ambulatory rheumatology clinics. Methods. An evaluation form was developed based on the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada CanMEDS roles. There were 12 evaluation items including overall clinical competence. They were rated on a 5-point scale from unsatisfactory to outstanding. All internal medicine residents rotating on rheumatology were strongly encouraged to provide the form to their preceptor at the end of each clinic. A questionnaire was administered to residents and faculty. Results. Seventy-three internal medicine residents completed a 1-month rotation at University of Ottawa (n = 26) and McMaster University (n = 47). Faculty members completed a total of 637 evaluation forms. The number of evaluation forms ranged from 2 to 16 (mean 8.73) per resident. At an average of 8.73 forms per resident the reliability was 0.71 for the composite score. Fourteen forms would be required for a reliability of 0.8. The correlation between the objective structured clinical examination scores and the forms was 0.48 (p = not significant). Faculty and residents reported increased feedback following implementation of the forms. Conclusion. The use of daily evaluation forms is feasible and provides very good reliability. Use of the evaluation forms increases feedback to residents on their performance. The forms were well received by faculty and residents.
Antidepressants and youth suicide in New York City, 1999-2002.

OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion of youth suicides in New York City from 1999 to 2002 in which antidepressants were detected at autopsy. METHOD This is a medical examiner surveillance study of suicides in New York City among those younger than 18 years of age. The outcome measure is serum toxicology for antidepressants. RESULTS From 1999 through 2002, there were 41 individuals younger than 18 years of age among residents of New York City who committed suicide. Thirty-six (87.8%) had a serum toxicological analysis and an injury death interval of 3 days or less. There was one (2.8%) suicide in which both bupropion and sertraline were detected at the time of autopsy. Antidepressants were not detected in any of the other youth suicides. CONCLUSIONS The detection of antidepressants at autopsy was quite rare in youth suicides in New York City from 1999 to 2002.
Shed HER2 extracellular domain in HER2‐mediated tumor growth and in trastuzumab susceptibility

The question of the serum HER2 extracellular domain (HER2/ECD) measurement for prediction of response to the anti‐HER2 antibody Trastuzumab is still an open and current matter of clinical debate. To elucidate the involvement of shed HER2/ECD in HER2‐driven tumor progression and in guiding therapy of individual patients, we examined biological effects exerted by elevated HER2/ECD in cancer growth and in response to Trastuzumab. To this purpose SKOV3 tumor cells were stably transfected to release a recombinant HER2/ECD molecule (rECD). Transfectants releasing high levels of 110‐kDa rECD, identical in size to native HER2/ECD (nECD), grew significantly slower than did controls, which constitutively released only basal levels of nECD. While transmembrane HER2 and HER1 were expressed at equal levels by both controls and transfected cells, activation of these molecules and of downstream ERK2 and Akt was significantly reduced only in rECD transfectants. Surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed heterodimerization of the rECD with HER1, ‐2, and ‐3. In cell growth bioassays in vitro, shed HER2 significantly blocked HER2‐driven tumor cell proliferation. In mice, high levels of circulating rECD significantly impaired HER2‐driven SKOV3 tumor growth but not that of HER2‐negative tumor cells. In vitro and in mice, Trastuzumab significantly inhibited tumor growth due to the rECD‐facilitated accumulation of the antibody on tumor cells. Globally our findings sustain the biological relevance of elevated HER2/ECD levels in the outcome of HER2‐disease and in the susceptibility to Trastuzumab‐based therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 256–265, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sperm competition and the evolution of male reproductive anatomy in rodents

Sperm competition is a pervasive selective force in evolution, shaping reproductive anatomy, physiology and behaviour. Here, we present comparative evidence that varying sperm competition levels account for variation in the male reproductive anatomy of rodents, the largest and most diverse mammalian order. We focus on the sperm-producing testes and the accessory reproductive glands, which produce the seminal fluid fraction of the ejaculate. We demonstrate a positive association between relative testis size and the prevalence of within-litter multiple paternity, consistent with previous analyses in which relative testis size has been found to correlate with sperm competition levels inferred from social organization and mating systems. We further demonstrate an association between sperm competition level and the relative size of at least two accessory reproductive glands: the seminal vesicles and anterior prostate. The size of the major product of these glands—the copulatory plug—is also found to vary with sperm competition level. Our findings thus suggest that selection for larger plugs under sperm competition may explain variation in accessory gland size, and highlight the need to consider both sperm and non-sperm components of the male ejaculate in the context of post-copulatory sexual selection.
Factors influencing segmental range of motion after lumbar total disc replacement using the ProDisc II prosthesis.

OBJECT The purpose of this prospective controlled study was to evaluate possible factors that could affect postoperative segmental range of motion (ROM) after lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) using the ProDisc II prosthesis. METHODS Thirty-two consecutive patients with intractable discogenic pain underwent lumbar TDR using the ProDisc II prosthesis, 30 of whom were followed up for at least 24 months. Segmental ROM was assessed preoperatively and every 6 months postoperatively using dynamic x-ray films. Segmental ROM at the reference level was assessed in relation to patient age, sex, body mass index (BMI), levels with implants, preoperative ROM, prosthesis size, and prosthesis position. RESULTS At the last follow-up visit, mean ROM of the disc prostheses was significantly increased from 4.23 +/- 3.12 degrees to 6.81 +/- 3.76 degrees at L3-4, and from 3.66 +/- 2.47 degrees to 6.09 +/- 2.11 degrees at L4-5. Mean ROM at L5-S1, however, was decreased from 3.12 +/- 1.56 degrees to 2.86 +/- 1.26 degrees (p > 0.05). This difference in the changes in postoperative ROM between L5-S1 and the other operated levels was the only statistically significant factor (p = 0.025) among the variables related to the postoperative ROM that the authors assessed, but other factors such as patient age, sex, BMI, disc height, and the size and position of the prosthesis were not related to segmental ROM. CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrate that after TDR using the ProDisc II prosthesis, ROM of the prosthesis at L5-S1 is significantly lower compared with ROM at the other levels. In preserving ROM, the advantage of lumbar TDR using the ProDisc II might be minimal at L5-S1. Among the variables related to postoperative ROM, the level at which the ProDisc II prosthesis was implanted was the only one found to be statistically significant.
Adipose tissue inflammation and cancer cachexia: the role of steroid hormones

Abstract Adipose tissue inflammation plays a role in the etiology of many chronic diseases, and has been the focus of much attention in the context of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Similarly, during cancer cachexia, a syndrome that markedly increases cancer-associated morbidity and mortality, local adipose inflammation is reported in animal models and in patients, potentially contributing to the chronic systemic inflammation that constitutes the hallmark of this condition. We discuss, on the basis of information generated by obesity-related studies, the possible relation between adipose tissue inflammation and compromised steroid hormone secretion and action in cachexia.
Robust visual SLAM with point and line features

In this paper, we develop a robust efficient visual SLAM system that utilizes heterogeneous point and line features. By leveraging ORB-SLAM [1], the proposed system consists of stereo matching, frame tracking, local mapping, loop detection, and bundle adjustment of both point and line features. In particular, as the main theoretical contributions of this paper, we, for the first time, employ the orthonormal representation as the minimal parameterization to model line features along with point features in visual SLAM and analytically derive the Jacobians of the re-projection errors with respect to the line parameters, which significantly improves the SLAM solution. The proposed SLAM has been extensively tested in both synthetic and real-world experiments whose results demonstrate that the proposed system outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in various scenarios.
The Evolution of Selfing Is Accompanied by Reduced Efficacy of Selection and Purging of Deleterious Mutations

The transition from outcrossing to selfing is predicted to reduce the genome-wide efficacy of selection because of the lower effective population size (Ne) that accompanies this change in mating system. However, strongly recessive deleterious mutations exposed in the homozygous backgrounds of selfers should be under strong purifying selection. Here, we examine estimates of the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) and changes in the magnitude of effective selection coefficients (Nes) acting on mutations during the transition from outcrossing to selfing. Using forward simulations, we investigated the ability of a DFE inference approach to detect the joint influence of mating system and the dominance of deleterious mutations on selection efficacy. We investigated predictions from our simulations in the annual plant Eichhornia paniculata, in which selfing has evolved from outcrossing on multiple occasions. We used range-wide sampling to generate population genomic datasets and identified nonsynonymous and synonymous polymorphisms segregating in outcrossing and selfing populations. We found that the transition to selfing was accompanied by a change in the DFE, with a larger fraction of effectively neutral sites (Nes < 1), a result consistent with the effects of reduced Ne in selfers. Moreover, an increased proportion of sites in selfers were under strong purifying selection (Nes > 100), and simulations suggest that this is due to the exposure of recessive deleterious mutations. We conclude that the transition to selfing has been accompanied by the genome-wide influences of reduced Ne and strong purifying selection against deleterious recessive mutations, an example of purging at the molecular level.