Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Effectiveness and Side Effects of Diazepam versus Midazolam Administration for Conscious Sedation in Patients Who Underwent Cataract Surgery

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness and side effects of diazepam and midazolam administration for conscious sedation in subjects who undergoing cataract surgery. Methods: A total of 79 patients undergoing cataract surgery under topical anesthesia with conscious sedation were prospectively reviewed. Our subjects were randomly divided to two groups. The first group comprised of 38 cases receiving 0.05 mg/kg diazepam slow intravenously (diazepam group) and the second group comprised of 41 cases receiving 0.01 mg/kg midazolam intravenously (midazolam group). Intraoperative variables such as systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation were recorded immediately before sedation, 5, 10 and 15 minutes after diazepam or midazolam administration. All patients were contacted 24 hours after the operation for any early postoperative complications. Results: The variability of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 5, 10 and 15 minutes after sedation were statistically significantly higher in midazolam group compared to diazepam group. Six patients developed episodes of apnea during operation, two patients in diazepam and four patients in midazolam group. The surgeons’ satisfaction was more in diazepam group but not statistically significant. Need for additional dose of benzodiazepine was more in the midazolam group. Drowsiness and functional impairment during 24 hours after surgery were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Diazepam produces better perioperative hemodynamic profile, level of sedation and surgeon’s satisfaction and less occurrence of apnea compared to midazolam group in patients who underwent cataract surgery.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Blood Donors at Madhya Pradesh, India: A Retrospective Study

Background: Viral hepatitis is a global health problem with 170 million Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) carriers worldwide, and 12-13 million HCV carriers in India. Unscreened blood and components play a significant role in transmission of HCV apart from reuse of injection needles, unsterilized surgical equipments and vertical transmission from mother to child. Unsafe blood transfusion not only poses risk to patients, causing significant morbidity and mortality, but also adds to the economical burden on healthcare system. Aims and Objectives: Aim of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV infection among the voluntary and relative donors over a period of 7 years at blood banks of Madhya Pradesh with collaboration of Madhya Pradesh State AIDS control Society (MPSACS) Bhopal, India from 2011 to 2017. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of blood donation at blood banks, of Madhya Pradesh, India. Blood units were screened for TTIs from January 2011 To December 2017. HIV, HCV and HBV tests were done by ELISA. Data of HCV was collected and compared statistically by frequency distribution and percentage proportion. Chi Square (χ 2) test was used to determine the significant difference statistically. Results: The mean age of donors was 32.4 2 ± 8.63 years. Major contribution was from male donors (93.8%). Majority of donation was done voluntarily (87.3 %). Out of the total 1,876,219 donors tested for TTIs over 7 years, 1980 (0.11%) were positive to anti HCV (p=.000001). Conclusion: The prevalence of HCV infection was 0.11% among blood donors of Madhya Pradesh, with geographic variation among districts. Aiming to provide safe blood to the patients, prevention of transmission of HCV by proper donor counseling and screening of the unit is required.
Mortality and Factors Associated With Hemorrhage During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Objectives: To quantify and identify factors associated with bleeding events during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Design: Retrospective cohort study with primary outcome of bleeding days on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Setting: Single tertiary care children’s hospital. Subjects: One-hundred twenty-two children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for greater than 12 hours during January 2015 through December 2016. Interventions: Bleeding days were identified if mediastinal or cannula site exploration, activated factor VII administration, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, or intracranial hemorrhages occurred. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with bleeding days. Measurements and Main Results: Study population was identified from institutional extracorporeal membrane oxygenation database. Clinical, laboratory, and survival data were obtained from medical records. Only data from patients’ first extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run were used. One-hundred twenty-two patients with median age of 17 weeks (interquartile range, 1–148 wk) were analyzed. Congenital heart disease (n = 56, 46%) was the most common diagnosis. Bleeding days comprised 179 (16%) of the 1,121 observed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-patient-days. By extracorporeal membrane oxygenation day 4, 50% of users had experienced a bleeding day. Central rather than peripheral cannulation (odds ratio, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.47–4.52; p < 0.001), older age (odds ratio, 1.31 per increased week; 95% CI, 1.14–1.52; p < 0.001), higher lactate (odds ratio, 1.08 per 1 mmol/L increase; 95% CI, 1.05–1.12; p < 0.001), and lower platelets (odds ratio, 0.87 per 25,000 cell/μL increase; 95% CI, 0.77–0.99; p = 0.005) were associated with bleeding days. Patients who experienced more frequent bleeding (> 75th percentile) had fewer ventilator-free and hospital-free days in the 60 days after cannulation (0 vs 31; p = 0.002 and 0 vs 0; p = 0.008) and higher in-hospital mortality (68 vs 34%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Central cannulation, older age, low platelets, and high lactate are associated with bleeding days during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Patients who bleed more frequently during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have higher in-hospital mortality, longer technological dependence, and reduced hospital-free days.
Molecular docking analysis of candidate compoundsderived from medicinal plants with type 2 diabetes mellitus targets

Herbal drugs are used for the treatment of diseases and disorders with its less side effects, easy availability and low cost. Several bioactive compounds have been isolated from medicinal plants such as Ficus benghelensis, Ficus racemosa, Ficus religiosa, Thespesia populena and Ficus lacur bouch were taken for screening. This study aimed to evaluate molecular interactions of selected diabetes mellitus (DM) targets with bioactive compounds isolated from Ficus benghelensis, Ficus racemosa, Ficus religiosa, Thespesia populena and Ficus lacur bouch. In this article, screening of the best substances as bioactive compounds is achieved by molecular docking analysis with 3 best selected DM target proteins i.e., aldose reductase (AR), Insulin Receptor (IR) and Mono-ADP ribosyltransferase-sirtuin-6 (SIRT6). In this analysis six potential bioactive compounds (gossypetin, herbacetin, kaempferol, leucoperalgonidin, leucodelphinidin and sorbifolin) were successfully identified on the basis of binding energy (>8.0 kcal/mol) and dissociation constant using YASARA. Out of six compounds, herbacetin and sorbifolin were observed as most suitable ligands for management of diabetes mellitus.
Numerical Modeling of Multiphase Flows with Applications to the Automotive Industry

Multiphase flows have become an issue of deep concern in the automotive industry. Two specific problems of concern to the ABC Group and Ford Motor Company have shown that the current multiphase models available in commercial software are not able to satisfy the requirements of the automotive industry for numerical simulations: namely, the need to solve complex industrial problems and the need to provide accurate solutions for these problems. The first problem of concern involves degassing in coolant surge tanks. Bubbles mixed in the coolant constitute a risk factor that influences the cooling performance, and the degree of mixing needs to be strictly controlled. Therefore, simulating the degassing rate accurately is of critical importance for the design of a coolant surge tank. The second case of concern focuses on a multiphase-flow-induced vibration and noise problem in a dynamic valve. This problem relates directly to the noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance of a hybrid vehicle. The dynamic motion of a dynamic valve, which is controlled by a balance between the spring force and the pressure force of the diesel-air multiphase flow acting on the valve, results in a complicated generation and propagation of mechanical and fluid-dynamic noise. This is a complex problem that combines multiphase flows and fluid-structure interaction (FSI). Motivated by these two problems posed by our industrial collaborators, this research has been conducted specifically in order to improve both the predictive accuracy of and degree of complexity of problems that can be addressed by the multiphase flow models presently available in commercial software. Moreover, the improvements obtained here are used to solve the two industrial problems described above. Towards this purpose, the ANSYS-FLUENT software is utilized for the current research because of its overall computational capabilities, its ease of use, and its widespread application in the automotive industry. However, to address the two aforementioned problems, it was necessary to improve the modeling capabilities of the ANSYS-FLUENT software. For this purpose, a number of model improvements were implemented in this study. Firstly, a multiphase flow model in ANSYS-FLUENT was improved through the utilization of user-defined functions (UDFs). Secondly, UDFs were also implemented to generalize the solution procedures in the FSI model. Thirdly, a Scheme command file was used to the
Microarray analysis of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 colonization of the rhizosphere.

Establishment of a symbiotic interaction between legume hosts and rhizobia is a very complex and a tightly regulated process. Survival and competition for root colonization in the rhizosphere is a key step for a successful symbiosis. Determining the temporal and spatial gene expression of rhizobia in the rhizosphere is an important task for better understanding symbiotic interactions. Here, I describe a method combining an in vitro sterile rhizosphere system, RNA amplification and microarray technology to decipher the gene expression of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 3841 (hereafter Rlv3841) during colonization of the rhizosphere. Initially experiments were performed to analyze the changes in the transcriptome of free-living Rlv3841 individually supplemented with pea root-exudates and hesperetin. The transcriptome of Rlv3841 in the pea rhizosphere was explored by different approaches (i) different post inoculation time points on a 7d old pea rhizosphere and (ii) on differently aged pea seedling (rhizosphere). The study was further extended to investigate the changes in the transcriptome of Rlv3841 on three different rhizospheres (pea (host legume), alfalfa (nonhost legume) and sugar-beet (non-legume)) to identify the host specific genes. Data analysis revealed induction of many genes coding for Nod signaling, quorum sensing, nutrient acquisition, environmental stress related proteins, rhizosphere induced proteins, and a range of transporters and enzymes involved in various metabolic pathways. Integrative analysis of all these datasets sheds light on the genes specifically induced in pea and legume rhizospheres. A set of 16 randomly selected differentially expressed genes was validated by qRT-PCR. The biological importance of 46 of these up-regulated genes was determined by isolation of mutations in them and comparison against wildtype for their ability to colonize the pea rhizosphere. Out of the 46 mutants screened, 28 showed slight competitive defectiveness in colonizing the pea rhizosphere compared to the wild-type, substantiating the role of the upregulated genes in competitive fitness during pea rhizosphere colonization.
Blurred Molecular Epidemiological Lines Between the Two Dominant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones

Abstract Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes life-threatening infections in both community and hospital settings and is a leading cause of health care–associated infections (HAIs). We sought to describe the molecular epidemiological landscape of patients with MRSA bloodstream infections (BSIs) at an urban medical center by evaluating the clinical characteristics associated with the two dominant endemic clones. Methods Comprehensive clinical data from the electronic health records of 227 hospitalized patients ≥18 years old with MRSA BSI over a 33-month period in New York City were collected. The descriptive epidemiology and mortality associated with the two dominant clones were compared using logistic regression. Results Molecular analysis revealed that 91% of all single-patient MRSA BSIs were due to two equally represented genotypes, clonal complex (CC) 5 (n = 117) and CC8 (n = 110). MRSA BSIs were associated with a 90-day mortality rate of 27%. CC8 caused disease more frequently in younger age groups (56 ± 17 vs 67 ± 17 years old; P < .001) and in those of nonwhite race (odds ratio [OR], 3.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51–7.87; P = .003), with few other major distinguishing features. Morbidity and mortality also did not differ significantly between the two clones. CC8 caused BSIs more frequently in the setting of peripheral intravenous catheters (OR, 5.96; 95% CI, 1.51–23.50; P = .01). Conclusions The clinical features distinguishing dominant MRSA clones continue to converge. The association of CC8 with peripheral intravenous catheter infections underscores the importance of classical community clones causing hospital-onset infections. Ongoing monitoring and analysis of the dynamic epidemiology of this endemic pathogen are crucial to inform management and prevent disease.
Sepsis Cases - Event Log

This real-life event log contains events of sepsis cases from a hospital. Sepsis is a life threatening condition typically caused by an infection. One case represents the pathway through the hospital.The events were recorded by the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system of the hospital. There are about 1000 cases with in total 15,000 events that were recorded for 16 different activities. Moreover, 39 data attributes are recorded, e.g., the group responsible for the activity, the results of tests and information from checklists.Events and attribute values have been anonymized. The time stamps of events have been randomized, but the time between events within a trace has not been altered.
Formal Specification and Verification of Design Patterns

This chapter introduces our approaches to formal specification of the structural and behavioral aspects of Design patterns. We investigate the logic-based formalisms in our specification methods and demonstrate the applications of these methods in examples. Our formal specifications methods not only help for rigorous, precise, and unambiguous descriptions of Design patterns, but also allow us to verify the consistencies of Design pattern applications and compositions. Dong, Alencar, & Cowan Copyright © 2007, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. Introduction A Design pattern (Gamma, Helm, Johnson, & Vlissides, 1995) documents expert solutions to a recurring problem in a particular context. Design patterns are then applied in many applications to improve the quality of the resulting software system and the productivity of the associated personnel. Thus, the specification and description of Design patterns are critical to their successful application. Design patterns are typically described informally to facilitate understanding by software developers. However, there are several drawbacks to the informal representation of Design patterns. First, informal specifications may be ambiguous, and Design patterns may not be able to be expressed precisely in an informal language. Second, informal representation may not be amendable to rigorous analysis. Each Design pattern may have some particular properties that characterize it, and the application of a Design pattern should maintain these properties. Formal specification allows the use of automated tools to check such properties. Third, formal specifications of Design patterns also form the basis for the discovery of Design patterns in large software systems. Rigorous descriptions of Design patterns allow reverse engineering tools and techniques to be built to discover the Design patterns used in a design. We have investigated several approaches to the formal specification of Design patterns and their composition in the past decade. In particular, we separated the structural and behavioral aspects of Design patterns and proposed specification methods based on first-order logic, temporal logic, temporal logic of action, process calculus, and Prolog. We also explored verification techniques based on theorem proving. The main objective of this chapter is to describe our investigations on formal specification techniques for Design patterns, and then demonstrate using these specifications as the methods of reasoning about Design pattern properties when they are used in software systems.
Effect of Nursing Intervention Program on Interferone side Effects among Hepatitis C Patients

Interferone treatment for chronic hepatitis C produces a number of well-described side effects that are dominated by fatigue, ini¬‚uenza-like symptoms, hematologic abnormalities, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The study aims to assess effect of nursing intervention program on interferone side effects among hepatitis C patients. Â Material and method: A convenience sample of 100 hepatitis C patients of both sexes in liver institute â€“ Menoufia University was selected for data collection. Tools for data collection included Tool 1: Structured interview questionnaire. It includes 3 parts to assess medical data, lab investigation, and side effect. Tool 2 : patient Â knowledge questionnaire . Tool 3: Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL). Results: All studied sample had several complains related to Interferon before giving the nursing management. Also there were statistical significance differences in all laboratory findings. There were statistical significant improvement of the knowledge and quality of life after 3 and 12 months from beginning of the study. Also, there was significant reduction in side effect of interferone therapy after 12 months from beginning of the study. Conclusion: nursing intervention and knowledge about chronic hepatitis C, its treatment and management of Interferon related side effects seemed to have positive effects on improving patient's knowledge about diseases and managing side effects of treatment and self-care modalities that reflected by improvement in laboratory findings, patients complain quality of life. Recommendation: Promotion & enhancement of the self-care modalities to the patient; a strict written instruction with pictures about disease process, prohibited and allowed foods, rest and physical activities and follow up should be continued after termination of the treatment through a rehabilitation program.
Linear vs. Systems Approach to Production Scheduling in Construction

Network-based scheduling methods were not originally developed for managing the production phase in construction projects. They were designed for projects that can be completed with highly linear, predictable and static processes. When network-based scheduling methods are applied to production management of construction, a mis-match is evident. The majority of construction projects continue to be described as dynamic and probabilistic processes. The findings of this exploratory desktop research suggest that the different nature of construction, and also a shift in thinking account for the scheduling methods mis-match. Those developers who take into account the systems nature of production in construction have been at the forefront of developing scheduling methods appropriate to the dynamics of construction. Their efforts are proving effective in matching the nature of construction with the capability of scheduling methods and tools that provide better management and control.
Exploring the Human Factors Affecting Health Service Managers: A Qualitative Study

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, managing health-service systems has faced multiple challenges. Identifying and resolving these challenges promote the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital activities. AIM: The present study aimed to explore the human factors affecting health service managers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this qualitative study, in-depth unstructured interviews were conducted with 29 employees who were in close contact with the health service managers. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data were collected using purposeful sampling and were analysed using conventional content analysis via MAXQDA software. RESULTS: A group of 29 participants were interviewed (male 65.5%, female 34.4%). “Managing managers” has been identified as the primary theme with four supporting secondary themes including the inappropriate appointment of managers, the impact of human and social needs of managers, influential employees, and disrupting organisational communications. These are the challenges faced by managers in managing human resources in health-service organisations. CONCLUSION: Results showed that employees manage their managers within the organisation so that they can prevent managers from concentrating on their management affairs and tasks resulting in the distortion of management practices. The results of this study can help the key policy makers and planners in health-service organisations to guide the organisation to pursue its goals through appointing appropriate managers and identifying influential employees.
Comparison of Haloperidol, Promethazine, Trifluoperazine, and Chlorpromazine in Terms of Velocity and Durability of the Sedation among Acute Aggressive Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Knowledge and skill about sedation of aggressive patients is necessary for each psychiatrist. The purpose of this study was comparing the velocity and durability of sedation induced by the haloperidol, trifluoperazine, promethazine, and chlorpromazine in aggressive patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was done on 76 aggressive patients referred to Psychiatry Emergency Service of Noor Hospital of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences that were randomly divided into four groups of haloperidol, promethazine, chlorpromazine, and trifluoperazine. Patients were evaluated at 30 min intervals for aggressive symptoms, and if they did not respond to intervention after the first 30 min or if they showed aggression again, a same dose of the injected drug was prescribed. The length of sedation time was recorded for each patient. Results: Seventy-six patients with the mean age of 31.89 ± 8.73 years were participated and 63.2% of them were male. Response to intervention after the first injection was seen in 40.8% and 59.2% needed the second injection. The mean time needed for obtaining sedation was 17.38 ± 8.23 and 19.66 ± 4.64 min after the first and second injection, respectively. The mean times of sedation induction were not significantly related to age, gender, type of substance used, type of aggression, and type of psychiatric disorder. Considering the type of drugs, there was no significant difference between velocity and durability effect of sedation after the first and second injection. Conclusion: Comparing the velocity and durability of sedative effect of the four studied drugs on acute aggressive patients, did not show any significant difference between them.