Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modified transarterial chemoembolization with locoregional administration of sorafenib for treating hepatocellular carcinoma: feasibility, efficacy, and safety in the VX-2 rabbit liver tumor model.

PURPOSE We aimed to assess the feasibility, efficacy and safety of a local application of sorafenib within a conventional transarterial chemoembolization in the VX-2 tumor-bearing rabbit model. METHODS VX-2 tumors were induced in the left liver lobe of 10 New Zealand White rabbits. After two weeks, growth was verified by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Five rabbits were treated by transarterial chemoembolization using an emulsion of sorafenib and ethiodized oil (referred to as SORATACE; n=5). Rabbits receiving oral sorafenib for two weeks (n=2) and untreated rabbits (n=3) served as controls. After two weeks, contrast-enhanced CT was performed, followed by animal necropsy. RESULTS The change in tumor diameter between baseline and follow-up was significantly different in the SORATACE group compared with the other groups; tumor shrinkage was observed in the SORATACE group only (P = 0.016). In both control groups, preserved hypervascularity was seen in the follow-up CT in all but one tumor. All tumors in the SORATACE group were devascularized in the follow-up CT. Importantly, substantial parenchymal damage in nontargeted areas of the tumor-bearing liver lobe was seen in rabbits treated with SORATACE. CONCLUSION SORATACE demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of experimental VX-2 liver tumors but was also associated with substantial liver parenchymal toxicity.
Brain CYP2B induction can decrease nicotine levels in the brain

Nicotine can be metabolized by the enzyme CYP2B; brain CYP2B is higher in rats and monkeys treated with nicotine, and in human smokers. A 7‐day nicotine treatment increased CYP2B expression in rat brain but not liver, and decreased the behavioral response and brain levels (ex vivo) to the CYP2B substrate propofol. However, the effect of CYP2B induction on the time course and levels of circulating brain nicotine in vivo has not been demonstrated. Using brain microdialysis, nicotine levels following a subcutaneous nicotine injection were measured on day one and after a 7‐day nicotine treatment. There was a significant time x treatment interaction (p = 0.01); peak nicotine levels (15–45 minutes post‐injection) were lower after treatment (p = 0.04) consistent with CYP2B induction. Following a two‐week washout period, brain nicotine levels increased to day one levels (p = 0.02), consistent with brain CYP2B levels returning to baseline. Brain pretreatment of the CYP2B inhibitor, C8‐xanthate, increased brain nicotine levels acutely and after 7‐day nicotine treatment, indicating the alterations in brain nicotine levels were due to changes in brain CYP2B activity. Plasma nicotine levels were not altered for any time or treatment sampled, confirming no effect on peripheral nicotine metabolism. These results demonstrate that chronic nicotine, by increasing brain CYP2B activity, reduces brain nicotine levels, which could alter nicotine's reinforcing effects. Higher brain CYP2B levels in smokers could lower brain nicotine levels; as this induction would occur following continued nicotine exposure it could increase withdrawal symptoms and contribute to sustaining smoking behavior.
A multi-MHz single-shot data acquisition scheme with high dynamic range: pump-probe X-ray experiments at synchrotrons.

The technical implementation of a multi-MHz data acquisition scheme for laser-X-ray pump-probe experiments with pulse limited temporal resolution (100 ps) is presented. Such techniques are very attractive to benefit from the high-repetition rates of X-ray pulses delivered from advanced synchrotron radiation sources. Exploiting a synchronized 3.9 MHz laser excitation source, experiments in 60-bunch mode (7.8 MHz) at beamline P01 of the PETRA III storage ring are performed. Hereby molecular systems in liquid solutions are excited by the pulsed laser source and the total X-ray fluorescence yield (TFY) from the sample is recorded using silicon avalanche photodiode detectors (APDs). The subsequent digitizer card samples the APD signal traces in 0.5 ns steps with 12-bit resolution. These traces are then processed to deliver an integrated value for each recorded single X-ray pulse intensity and sorted into bins according to whether the laser excited the sample or not. For each subgroup the recorded single-shot values are averaged over ∼107 pulses to deliver a mean TFY value with its standard error for each data point, e.g. at a given X-ray probe energy. The sensitivity reaches down to the shot-noise limit, and signal-to-noise ratios approaching 1000 are achievable in only a few seconds collection time per data point. The dynamic range covers 100 photons pulse-1 and is only technically limited by the utilized APD.
Scabies: more than just an irritation

Human scabies, caused by skin infestation with the arthropod mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, typically results in a papular, intensely pruritic eruption involving the interdigital spaces, and flexure creases. Recent research has led to a reassessment of the morbidity attributable to this parasite in endemic communities, particularly resulting from secondary skin sepsis and postinfective complications including glomerulonephritis. This has led to studies of the benefits of community based control programmes, and to concerns regarding the emergence of drug resistance when such strategies are employed. The renewed research interest into the biology of this infection has resulted in the application of molecular tools. This has established that canine and human scabies populations are genetically distinct, a finding with major implications for the formulation of public health control policies. Further research is needed to increase understanding of drug resistance, and to identify new drug targets and potential vaccine candidates.
Sorry, No CODs: An Experimental Investigation of Sequential Trade

The trust game is used as a model of sequential trade. In this game it is the seller who must trust the buyer, but many naturally occurring transactions are structured such that buyers must trust sellers to complete trades upon receipt of payment. This subtle difference is significant as the experimental evidence presented in this paper indicates that sellers are more likely to complete the transaction. Surprisingly, buyers are substantially less trusting, but additional experiments indicate this lack of trust is due to buyer concern that sellers will accept a payoff that is smaller than the buyer’s payoff when the price divides the gains from trade equally.
Assessment of the Peak Response of a 5MW HAWT Under Combined Wind and Seismic Induced Loads

The rapid growth of the wind energy industry has brought the construction of large-scale wind turbines with the aim of increasing their performance and profits to areas characterized by high seismic hazard. Previous research demonstrated the seismic vulnerability of large-scale wind turbines when seismic and wind actions are considered simultaneously in the demand model. In this study, the response of the supporting structure of a land-based horizontal axis wind turbine under the combined effects induced by wind and earthquake is presented.
Contribution of Pulmonary KLRG1high and KLRG1low CD8 T Cells to Effector and Memory Responses during Influenza Virus Infection

In response to pathogen insult, CD8 T cells undergo expansion and a dynamic differentiation process into functionally different subpopulations. In this study, we show that during the effector response to influenza virus infection lung CD8 T cell subsets expressing killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1)high or KLRG1low had similar effector functions and immediate recall efficacy. The KLRG1 expression profile of lung CD8 T cells was not permanent after adoptive transfer and recall. Airway CD8 T cells exhibited a unique phenotype expressing low levels of KLRG1 together with high levels of markers of cellular activation. We investigated the functional characteristics of these cells by analyzing their capacity to survive and to respond to a secondary challenge outside of the airway environment. KLRG1high CD8 T cells isolated from the lung during the peak of the effector T cell response could survive for more than a month in the absence of cognate viral Ags after systemic adoptive transfer, and these “rested” CD8 T cells proliferated and participated in a recall response to influenza virus infection. These data highlight the unique phenotype and plasticity of effector CD8 T cell responses in the lung.
Highly selective vagotomy or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty for chronic duodenal ulceration: A randomized, prospective clinical study

The results of a randomized, prospective clinicol trial of highly selective vagotomy (HSV) versus truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty (TVP) in 126 male patients undergoing elective surgery for chronic duodenal ulceration are presented. The operations were performed by surgeons of all grades of experience. At a mean follow‐up time of just over 3 years a satisfactory result was obtained in 93 per cent of patients following HSV and 78 per cent of patients following TVP, the difference being probably statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of early and late dumping, bile vomiting, flatulence, post‐prandial epigastric discomfort and wound infection was statistically significantly less after HSV than after TVP. Three patients have developed a recurrent duodenal ulcer after each type of operation (5.4 per cent). At this early stage HSV has advantages over TVP; it will be interesting to see if these are maintained with the passage of time.
Combining Word-Level and Character-Level Representations for Relation Classification of Informal Text

Word representation models have achieved great success in natural language processing tasks, such as relation classification. However, it does not always work on informal text, and the morphemes of some misspelling words may carry important short-distance semantic information. We propose a hybrid model, combining the merits of word-level and character-level representations to learn better representations on informal text. Experiments on two dataset of relation classification, SemEval-2010 Task8 and a large-scale one we compile from informal text, show that our model achieves a competitive result in the former and state-of-the-art with the other.
The Hyperactive Child. Diagnosis, Management, Current Research

This book contains a collection of 26 papers that were presented at an International Symposium in Glasgow, Scotland, August, 1974. It is divided into two sections entitled "Metabolism and Binding" (15 papers) and "Thyroid Hormone Function in Clinical Investigation" (11 papers). The first section begins with an authoritative review by J. Robbins on the structure and function of serum thyroxine-transport proteins, and is followed by an interesting study (Blake et al.) on the X-ray diffraction analysis of one such protein, human serum prealbumin. Crystalline prealbumin contains two symmetrically equivalent binding sites (10 A apart) for the iodothyronines. The remainder of the first section deals with cellular binding of thyroxine and triiodothyronine, metabolism of the hormones, and thyroid hormone action. The clinically oriented second section contains studies on the determination of urinary and serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine, and serum TSH and thyroxinebinding globulin assays as applied to the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. Studies on the kinetics of renal uptake and turnover of the thyroid hormones are also reported. A short foreword has been written by Rosalind Pitt-Rivers, a famous pioneer in thyroid research, and discussion summaries of all the papers appear at the end of each section. This volume should be of interest to all thyroidologists, but its price may discourage many from purchasing it.
TRANSRADIAL APPROACH: TECHNICAL CASE REPORT

Accepted, August 9, 2004. OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: To describe our experience with the transradial approach for posterior circulation neurointerventional procedures. To the best of our knowledge, this approach has not been described previously for intracranial neuroendovascular procedures. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: The clinical and imaging characteristics as well as periprocedural outcomes of patients treated for intracranial posterior circulation disease via the transradial approach were analyzed retrospectively. INTERVENTION: Between January 1 and October 21, 2003, four patients with posterior circulation disease (aneurysm, n 1, and atherosclerotic stenosis, n 3) were treated via the transradial approach because of tortuous brachiocephalic anatomy. Procedural success was 100%, and there were no procedural complications. No technical difficulties were encountered. CONCLUSION: The transradial approach is an alternative to the femoral approach for posterior circulation neuroendovascular intervention. This approach has several advantages over other approaches, and the vasculature can be less tortuous than that encountered during the femoral approach. These factors can result in increased device trackability and procedural ease.
The anterior chamber of the coelacanth eye.

THANKS to the courtesy and co-operation of Prof. K. S. Thomson of the Department of Biology and the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. , it has been possible to obtain material from the anterior segment from an eye of Latimeria chalumnae. The specimen in question (a male) was caught off Iconi, GrandComore, on March 14, 1966, frozen immediately after capture, and brought to the Peabody Museum, Yale University (No. 1482 in the Fish Collection), (Thomson, 1966; Pickford and Blake Grant, 1967). The present account concerns material obtained from the whole animal which had been allowed to thaw over a period of some 60 hours at 2-10°C. , the period of thawing terminating on May 30 (Memorial Day), 1966.
Growth of xenografted squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck ‐ possible correlation with patient survival

Tumor biopsies from 100 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) were xenografted to athymic nude mice. To ascertain whether xenograft take might be a factor of clinical significance, it was compared with patient survival, the patients being divided into two groups (take and non‐take) according to the results of transplantation. The tumor take rate was 29%. Median survival time with respect to cancer death was 18 months in the take group, as compared with over 74 months in the non‐take group (p = 0.06). No significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to age, tumor size, nodal status, clinical stage or histological differentiation. The findings suggest that take of HNSCC xenografts in nude mice may reflect the malignant potential of the original tumor. Moreover, the possibility cannot be excluded of a selection bias favoring the use of such malignant xenografts in therapeutic studies in nude mice.
Guides for reading and interpreting systematic reviews: III. How did the authors synthesize the data and make their conclusions?

In the first 2 articles in this series, we highlighted the following issues that we as readers consider when interpreting a systematic review: a well-formulated, clinically relevant question; a comprehensive search to identify relevant trials; and an assessment of the quality of the included trials. Another crucial issue in the interpretation of a systematic review is how the authors synthesized the evidence. As discussed in the first article in this series, data can be synthesized using qualitative and quantitative methods. As with any other aspect of a systematic review, readers are in a better position if they can understand and, if desired, can replicate how the authors synthesized the evidence and made their conclusions.
Produtividade e características agronômicas de cultivares de milho safrinha sob plantio direto no Estado de Goiás

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as produtividades e as caracteristicas agronomicas de 49 cultivares de milho safrinha em cinco municipios do Estado de Goias. O experimento foi instalado em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrofico, nas estacoes experimentais e em propriedades rurais de seis municipios localizados no sudoeste (Rio Verde, Santa Helena, Montividiu e Serranopolis) e norte (Porangatu) de Goias. O delineamento experimental empregado foi em blocos ao acaso, com tres repeticoes por tratamento. Foram avaliadas alturas das plantas, porcentagem de plantas acamadas e de plantas quebradas, indice de espigas, populacao, numero de espigas, massa de espigas e produtividade. No municipio de Serranopolis encontrou-se maior altura de plantas, maior massa media de espigas e menor percentagem de plantas quebradas. Apesar de em Serranopolis ter ocorrido altas percentagens de plantas acamadas, isso nao influenciou na alta produtividade das cultivares, sendo, portanto, o municipio mais indicado para as cultivares de milho safrinha testado.
Myocardial infarction: narrations by afflicted women and their partners of lived experiences in daily life following an acute myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND The review of the literature showed that many people and their family members share feelings of distress after an acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, it is important to show how the illness affects the relationship in the couple's daily life when the closest relatives involved are men. AIM The aim was to illuminate the meaning of lived experiences in daily life after an acute myocardial infarction, as narrated by afflicted women and their partners. METHODS Nine women and their partners narrated their experiences three and 12 months after an infarction. The interview texts were then interpreted, using a phenomenological hermeneutic method, inspired by the philosophy of Ricoeur. The text was divided into meaning units that were condensed and abstracted. Two themes and eight sub-themes were then extracted from the text. RESULTS The first theme was 'living in a changed life situation' with the sub-themes: 'showing consideration', 'taking responsibility', 'living side by side' and 'desiring what to do'. The second theme was 'looking to the future' with the sub-themes: 'feeling uncertain', 'feeling powerless', 'feeling limited' and 'feeling hope'. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that couples lived in a changed life situation, somewhat in 'discordance', and showed consideration to each other in order to protect the partner. There seemed to be a lack of verbal communication, but both women and their partners revealed that they sensed how their partners felt without verbal communication. In this 'discordance', couples may experience loneliness, in that they may not share feelings about the event and the situation it causes. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Women and their partner have specific needs in daily living following an acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, nurses should acknowledge the specific needs for the female patient and the partner more clearly.
A Little Learning is a Dangerous Thing: An Experimental Demonstration of Ignorance-Driven Inference

Studies of ignorance-driven decision making have been employed to analyse when ignorance should prove advantageous on theoretical grounds or else they have been employed to examine whether human behaviour is consistent with an ignorance-driven inference strategy (e.g., the recognition heuristic). In the current study we examine whether—under conditions where such inferences might be expected—the advantages that theoretical analyses predict are evident in human performance data. A single experiment shows that, when asked to make relative wealth judgements, participants reliably use recognition as a basis for their judgements. Their wealth judgements under these conditions are reliably more accurate when some of the target names are unknown than when participants recognize all of the names (a “less-is-more effect”). These results are consistent across a number of variations: the number of options given to participants and the nature of the wealth judgement. A basic model of recognition-based inference predicts these effects.
Mutations of N-terminal regions render the retinoblastoma protein insufficient for functions in development and tumor suppression

To assess biological roles of the retinoblastoma protein (RB), four independent transgenic mouse lines expressing human RB with different deletions in the N-terminal region (RBdeltaN) were generated and compared with mice expressing identically regulated, full-length RB. Expression of both RB and RBdeltaN caused developmental growth retardation, but the wild-type protein was more potent. In contrast to wild-type RB, the RBdeltaN proteins were unable to rescue Rb-/- mice completely from embryonic lethality. Embryos survived until gestational day 18.5 but displayed defects in the terminal differentiation of erythrocytes, neurons, and skeletal muscle. In Rb+/- mice, expression of the RBdeltaN transgenes failed to prevent pituitary melanotroph tumors but delayed tumor formation or progression. These results strongly suggest that N-terminal regions are crucial for embryonic and postnatal development, tumor suppression, and the functional integrity of the entire RB protein. Furthermore, these transgenic mice provide models that may begin to explain human families with low-penetrance retinoblastoma and mutations in N-terminal regions of RB.
The second Lilly Prize Lecture, University of Newcastle, July 1977. beta-Adrenergic receptor blockade in hypertension, past, present and future.

All beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs that have been described share the common property of being competitive inhibitors. They differ in their associated properties, the presence or absence of cardioselectivity, membrane stabilizing activity, and partial agonist activity. Recently some beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs have been reported which also possess alpha-adrenoceptor blocking activity. The associated properties have been used as a basis for classifying beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs (Fitzgerald, 1969, 1972). The presence or absence of cardioselectivity is most useful for dividing beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. The non-selective drugs (Division I) can be further divided according to the presence or absence of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) and membrane stabilizing activity (Fitzgerald's groups I-IV). Group I possess both membrane activity and ISA, e.g. alprenolol, oxprenolol, group II just membrane action, e.g. propanolol, group III ISA but no membrane action, e.g. pindolol. Fitzgerald placed pindolol in group I but should be placed in group III as it possesses a high degree of beta-adrenoceptor blocking potency in relation to its membrane activity (Prichard, 1974). Finally drugs in group IV have neither ISA nor membrane action, e.g. sotalol, timolol. The cardioselective drugs (Division II) can be similarly sub-divided into groups I-IV according to the presence or absence of ISA or membrane action (Fitzgerald grouped all these together as group V). Lastly there are new beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs which in addition have alpha- adrenergic receptor blocking properties (Division III).