Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
It Is Always the Monkey on My Back: The Diagnosis of Cirrhosis

A significant current challenge in health care today is meeting the needs of a population that has chronic disease, especially for those that have a health condition with a life threatening long -term outcome (Falkenstern, et al., 2005). In these health illness transitions, when there are no secure expectations, there are the additional burdens of enduring emotional unease, facing the closing stages of physical stamina, and confronting an indeterminate future. The objective of this study was to explore and describe the experience of those individuals who have been diagnosed with cirrhosis, which marks the beginning of end stage liver disease (Ebell, 2006). The goal of this research was to develop a more complete description of the phenomenon and process that an individual undergoes during this specific transition point in chronic liver disease and illness. This area of research has not yet been investigated. The research proposal for this dissertation, is presented, followed by a comprehensive literature review and the research question that is proposed for this study. These chapters are followed by the study methodology, which utilized grounded theory to discover the basic social process that an individual undergoes after being diagnosed with cirrhosis and living life with a threatening chronic disease and illness trajectory. The result of this study is a linear process that included twelve conceptual categories and a core category, that had a central relation to all other categories. This substantive theory is compared to other theoretical and conceptual work, along with the identification of the unique findings from this research. This dissertation is concluded with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of this work along, with recommendations for future application in nursing research, practice,
A study to estimate the prevalence of depression among the inmates of select old age homes in Bangalore city, India

Background: Geriatrics deals with the provision of comprehensive care that is given in the clinical, preventive, remedial and social aspects of illness in the elderly. As the age advances beyond 60, the person is subjected to emotional turmoil due to varying factors as a result of which they undergo a phase of depressive illness. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of depression among the inmates of select old age homes in Bangalore city, using geriatric depression scale (GDS). Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted among the inmates (330) in select old age homes in Bangalore city based on a 15-item geriatric depression scale (Short Form) during the period July 2014 to October 2014. Results: A vast majority, 207 (62.73%) were found to have secured scores between 6 and 10 which is suggestive of depressive syndrome among them. 66 (20%) of them were found to be actually depressed with scores 11 and above. 57 (17.27%) of them were not depressed. Conclusions: This revealed a sad state of the psychological trauma that they go through due to abandonment by their kith and kin. The mutual disregard and the lack of concern that their families had shown had also torn down their spirits and left them with a battered soul.
Effects of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Aspirin use reduces the risk of occlusive vascular events but increases the risk of bleeding; the balance of benefits and hazards for the prevention of first cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes is unclear. METHODS We randomly assigned adults who had diabetes but no evident cardiovascular disease to receive aspirin at a dose of 100 mg daily or matching placebo. The primary efficacy outcome was the first serious vascular event (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke or transient ischemic attack, or death from any vascular cause, excluding any confirmed intracranial hemorrhage). The primary safety outcome was the first major bleeding event (i.e., intracranial hemorrhage, sight‐threatening bleeding event in the eye, gastrointestinal bleeding, or other serious bleeding). Secondary outcomes included gastrointestinal tract cancer. RESULTS A total of 15,480 participants underwent randomization. During a mean follow‐up of 7.4 years, serious vascular events occurred in a significantly lower percentage of participants in the aspirin group than in the placebo group (658 participants [8.5%] vs. 743 [9.6%]; rate ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 0.97; P=0.01). In contrast, major bleeding events occurred in 314 participants (4.1%) in the aspirin group, as compared with 245 (3.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.52; P=0.003), with most of the excess being gastrointestinal bleeding and other extracranial bleeding. There was no significant difference between the aspirin group and the placebo group in the incidence of gastrointestinal tract cancer (157 participants [2.0%] and 158 [2.0%], respectively) or all cancers (897 [11.6%] and 887 [11.5%]); long‐term follow‐up for these outcomes is planned. CONCLUSIONS Aspirin use prevented serious vascular events in persons who had diabetes and no evident cardiovascular disease at trial entry, but it also caused major bleeding events. The absolute benefits were largely counterbalanced by the bleeding hazard. (Funded by the British Heart Foundation and others; ASCEND Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN60635500; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00135226.)
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN DIET PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI KOTA SEMARANG

Latar Belakang: Pengelolaan DM tipe 2 meliputi perencanaan makan atau diet, aktivitas fisik, kontrol gula darah, dan minum obat. Prevalensi kasus DM tipe 2 mencapai 85-90%. Di Puskesmas Tlogosari Wetan, kasus DM tipe 2 menduduki 5 besar kasus tertinggi di Kota Semarang. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional study dengan populasi seluruh penderita DM tipe 2 tahun 2016 (1 Juli – 31 Desember) dan besar sampel adalah 57 responden. Pengukuran pengelolaan diet dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara umur (p<0,01), jenis kelamin (p< 0,01), dan peran keluarga (p: <0,01) dengan kepatuhan dalam pengelolaan diet DM tipe 2. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan (p: 0,44), pekerjaan (p: 0,7), pengetahuan (p: 0,42), dan peran petugas kesehatan (p: 0,7). Simpulan: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan dalam pengelolaan diet DM tipe 2 adalah umur, jenis kelamin, dan peran keluarga.
Sexual Dimorphism and Relationship between Chest, Hip and Waist Circumference with 2D, 4D and 2D:4D in Nigerians

Rescently the subject of 2D:4D ratio has received great attention because reports have linked to traits that are influenced by testosterone and estrogen. The present paper reports the study of 2D, 4D and 2D:4D and their relationship to some anthropometric traits in Nigerians. 1400 subjects (males = 713 and females n = 687) participated in the study. Lengths of 2D and 4D were significantly higher in males (P <0.001) while 2D:4D mean was lower in males than females (males = 0.95 ± 0.04 females = 0.96 ± 0.05, t = -1.73 and P < 0.001). 2D and 4D showed significant relationship with height, weight, chest, waist and hip circumferences. This study strongly confirms the sexually dimorphic nature of 2D:4D. Even though it fails to show relationship between 2D:4D and BMI, chest, waist and hip circumferences as reported in other studies. This could result from the multiethnic diversity of the Nigerian population.
G354 Pattern of new outpatient referrals to a tertiary paediatric cardiology unit

Background We compared outpatient practice in a tertiary cardiac unit in two time-cohorts to monitor changes to practice. Aims To identify changing patterns of referrals to a tertiary paediatric cardiology unit, looking at diagnosis, and outcomes. Methods A retrospective study looking at all referrals made to our unit by primary care and paediatricians in 6 months; the first cohort in 2006, the second in 2013. The hospital-based patient administration system and departmental database identified the new referrals. We recorded referring physicians, reason for referral, demographics, clinical data and outcomes. Results 813 (2006) and >1200 (2013) children were identified; we excluded patients seen by us previously. In both the cohorts, the split between GP and paediatric referrals was similar (30:70). Common reasons for referral were asymptomatic heart murmurs, palpitations/suspected rhythm abnormalities, chest pain, syncope, non-central cyanosis, screening for family history, clinical syndromes and suspected congenital heart disease on clinical/echocardiography at a peripheral hospital. We looked at demographics, and outcomes between the two groups. We explored the relationship between primary and secondary level referrals, and outcomes. Conclusions There is a sustained increase in number of outpatients to tertiary cardiology centres; majority of these have either no or a minor pathology that does not need any active management. These children can be seen by paediatricians with expertise in cardiology (PEC). Clinicians, Trusts and Health-commissioners need to react to this trend so as to increase, and improve the infrastructure and provide the necessary support to the physicians, ensure optimal patient care, and provide a suitable experience for families.
RESEARCH ARTICLE CORRELATION OF VITAMIN D AND SERUM CALCIUM LEVELS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN NORTH INDIAN PUNJABI POPULATION

Department of Biochemistry Government Medical College Amritsar ISSN: 0976-3031 RESEARCH ARTICLE CORRELATION OF VITAMIN D AND SERUM CALCIUM LEVELS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN NORTH INDIAN PUNJABI POPULATION *1Khanna M. , 1Mahajan M, 2Sharma A, 3Khanna R 1Department of Biochemistry Government Medical College Amritsar 2Department of Medicine, Government Medical College Amritsar 3Dr Khanna's Diabetes, Thyroid & Endocrine Care Centre
The aetiology, clinical presentation and treatment of patients with pulmonary hypertension in Cape Town: A preliminary report from the Groote Schuur Hospital Pulmonary Hypertension Registry

Background There is a paucity of knowledge about pulmonary hypertension (PH) in sub-Saharan Africa and an urgent need for its investigation in this context. The impact of HIV infection in PH is also unknown. Objectives To determine the aetiology, clinical presentation, severity and current management of PH at a tertiary-level hospital in Cape Town, South Africa (SA). Methods Demographic and clinical data, including from special investigations, were captured retrospectively for all patients referred to the Groote Schuur Hospital Pulmonary Hypertension Clinic between October 2015 and November 2017 (n=58) and entered into an online registry. Descriptive statistics were used to present the baseline data at enrolment. Results Patients were mainly young and female and almost half (48.3%) had severe symptoms according to World Health Organization classification. The main aetiologies were pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic PH. More than a fifth of the patients were HIV-positive, with nine patients presenting with HIV-associated PAH. The median time from initial presentation to referral to a specialist centre was 227 days (interquartile range: 72 - 625 days). Only a small number of patients were on PH-specific treatment at enrolment and a notable number never underwent right-heart catheterisation. Conclusion PH diagnosis is often delayed and even at a tertiary institution with a dedicated clinic and access to special investigations, PH is suboptimally investigated and managed. Expansion of this registry to better understand the phenotype of this disease in SA can improve outcomes for these patients through awareness, early identification and effective management.
Effects of ethanolic extract of Garcinia kola on sexual behaviour and sperm parameters in male Wistar rats

Erectile dysfunction is a common problem in men. Garcinia kola is claimed to possess aphrodisiac effects and as such is used traditionally in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. A 70% ethanolic extract of G. kola seeds was prepared and used for treating male Wistar rats (n=8 /group); two doses of G. kola (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) were used for the treatment group, while distilled water was administered to the control group. All the treatments were orally administered daily for 28 days. On day 28, mounting frequency (MF), intromission frequency (IF) and ejaculation frequency (EF) were quantified during sexual behaviour tests. At termination, body and organ weights, gastric ulceration and cauda epididymal sperm counts were determined. Serum was collected for determination of testosterone levels. Both doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed marked aphrodisiac activity with significantly increased sexual behaviour parameters compared to controls. However lower dose of G. kola was more effective than the higher dose. Testosterone levels were higher in both treatment groups compared to controls. Sperm counts were similar to controls however testes weights were higher in G. kola treated rats compared to controls. Thus these results show that G. kola enhances sexual activity in normal male rats.
Conjoint probabilistic subband modeling

A new approach to high-order-conditional probability density estimation is developed, based on a partitioning of conditioning space via decision trees. The technique is applied to image compression, image restoration, and texture synthesis, and the results compared with those obtained by standard mixture density and linear regression models. By applying the technique to subband-domain processing, some evidence is provided to support the following statement: the appropriate tradeoff between spatial and spectral localization in linear preprocessing shifts towards greater spatial localization when subbands are processed in a way that exploits interdependence. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Mining social documents and networks

The Web has connected millions of users by various communication tools for social purposes. Daily, huge amount of social data are being created through fingertips, driven by various of social actions that involve a wide range of user-produced content (e.g. emails or collaborative documentations). Often being a part of many contemporary Web applications, user social networks are gaining increasing attention from both industry and academia as they seem to have become a promising vehicle for delivering better user experience. Accordingly, computational social network analysis has become an important topic in user data mining. Despite a long history of structural social network analysis and recent interests in user behavior analysis, little research has addressed social contents in social networks and heterogeneous networks in user behavior. In fact, social content and heterogeneity are two key elements in contemporary online social networks that offer great benefits: social contents provide more semantic information; meanwhile heterogeneous social networks allow diversified perception of users. Motivated by these considerations, this dissertation seeks to improve traditional computational social network analysis by covering analysis of not only (1) social networks of users; but also (2) social content composed by users, and (3) social actions among users. A series of new methods are presented for knowledge discovery in social documents and social networks, with a special focus on modeling social content and machine learning of heterogeneous networks. In particular, this study first proposes new probabilistic content models for user generated social documents and annotations and investigates the connection between social content and social actions. A set of new techniques for computational analysis of heterogeneous social networks constructed by various social actions constitutes the conclusion. The methods proposed in this dissertation have been applied to a wide range of applications including ranking, community discovery, information retrieval, and document recommendations. For large scale real world data sets, this research shows significant experimental improvements over currently applied methods.
Software as a facilitator of graduate attribute integration and student self-assessment

The rhetoric about the benefits of an educational focus on graduate attributes has been in evidence in the educational literature since the early nineties. But an identified gap between attribute mapping in documentation, and the inclusion of graduate attributes in assessment, is a current concern for higher education, government and industry associations. In 2002 the author developed online criteria-based assessment software (*ReView), together with a process involving a ‘bottom-up’ reconsideration of the constructive alignment of assessment tasks. This was part of a University of Technology Sydney (UTS) School of Design initiative to integrate graduate attribute development through the assessment of student work. The time-saving features of the online software and the engagement of students in self-assessment were significant parts of the success of this approach. Pilot schemes in a range of contexts using both the process and the ReView software led to an ALTC funded project with business faculties at four Australian universities. One of the aims of this project is to facilitate the practical integration of criteria-based assessment linked to graduate attributes. Another aim is to enhance awareness, of both staff and students, about graduate attribute development across subject boundaries and throughout the years of a program of study. This paper attempts to clarify some graduate attribute terminology issues and identifies problems with ‘top-down directives’ about graduate attributes. An outline of the process used in the aforementioned ALTC project is followed by a discussion of both positive and negative feedback from research results to date. The paper also describes the ReView online criteriabased assessment software used to facilitate graduate attribute integration and student selfassessment.
Test of subranging A/D converters with digital correction

A test methodology based on linear modeling of subranging analog-to-digital converters with digital correction is proposed. A reduced physical model of integral nonlinearity errors is obtained by the application of the ambiguity algorithm. Simulation results are provided which demonstrate that an appreciable reduction of the number of test points can be obtained, thus reducing the high costs of testing, with low prediction errors.
Adaptive space-time processing with systolic algorithm: experimental results using recorded live data

The authors present results concerning the processing of live clutter data recorded by an airborne radar equipped with an array of eight antennas. Clutter and jammer cancellation is achieved with a space-time algorithm configured as a trapezoidal systolic array. We discuss the operational problem related to airborne early warning surveillance radar, describe the airborne radar system for data collection together with cartographic data that identify the actual location where the data files were collected, and include the space-time algorithm and the corresponding systolic array architecture. The various data files used in the processing experiments are shown. The data files relate to ground clutter, littoral clutter (sea and ground) and jamming. For each data file we have computed the two-dimensional space-time power spectral density, the eigenvalue spectrum and the probability density function of the in-phase and quadrature signal components. The results of the performance evaluation are given. The performance are mainly expressed in terms of improvement factor (IF) and visibility curves (i.e. IF versus the target Doppler frequency). Simulated target echoes and test targets injected in the radar receiver are used for the performance estimate. Also live vehicular traffic has been detected.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN URBAN AREA OF JHANSI

The present study is an attempt to find out the nutritional status including anthropometric assessment. A cross -sectional study was conducted in primary section of two governments and Iwo convent schools of Jhansi city during the study period of march 1999 to feb2000.Selected school children (n=840) aged 5-11 years, 453 children from municipal school and 387 children from convent school comprised the study material. Following results were observed -out of total children surveyed, 52.98% were male and rests 4 7.02% were females. Hindu formed majority (70.90%) of children in both types of schools. Mean height and weight of boys and girls were higher than ICMR standards in both type of school. The mean mid arm circumference of all girls and boys from both type of schools had higher value than the ICMR standards but did not come up to WOLANSKI standard. Statistical analysis-percentage, mean, chi-square test.
STUDY OF ECG AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES IN STROKE PATIENTS AND ITS PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE

BACKGROUND: Stroke is common life threatening disorder. It is the third leading cause of death in developed countries after cardiovascular disease and cancer. OBJECTIVE: 1.To study ECG and 2D echocardiographic changes in different types of strokes. 2. To know whether such changes have any prognostic significance. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The material of study comprised of 100 Patient admitted in a Medical College & associated Hospital of central India, from May 2009 to Sept. 2011. RESULTS: Abnormal ECG changes were more common among hemorrhagic patients (78.12%) compared to infarct patients (67.64%). 2D echo abnormalities were more common among hemorrhage group (75%) than in infarct (44.12%). None of the ECG changes had much significance on mortality and was statistically insignificant (p>0.05) while LV dysfunction showed significant mortality in stroke patients and was statistically significant (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: ECG abnormalities in stroke patients do not have any prognostic significance, while LV dysfunction had prognostic significance in predicting mortality.
Ermittlung der Gefährdung durch Wirbelschleppen bei unterschiedlichen Staffelungsabständen mit WakeScene

Das Thema beschaftigt sich mit der quantitativen Gefahrdungsbewertung von Wirbelschleppeneinflugen. Das DLR hat das Tool WakeScene entwickelt, das das Risiko des Auftretens von Wirbelschleppeneinflugen bei Abflugen und Landungen mittels Monte Carlo Simulationen ermittelt. WakeScene enthalt das Tool SHAPe, das einen Gefahrdungsraum um die Wirbelschleppe definiert und qualitative Aussagen uber den Einflug des nachfolgenden Flugzeugs in diesen Gefahrdungsraum liefert, ohne Aussagen uber das Ausmas der Gefahrdung auszugeben. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde WakeScene erweitert, so dass die wirbelinduzierten Krafte und Momente fur das nachfolgende Flugzeug berechnet werden. Fur diesen Zweck wird ein auf der Streifenmethode basierendes Aerodynamik Interaktionsmodell verwendet. Die fur dieses Modell erforderlichen geometrischen und aerodynamischen Flugzeuparameter werden online mit Hilfe der SHAPe Methode ermittelt. Aus den wirbelinduzierten Kraften und Momenten konnen entlang der Flugbahn des Nachfolgers das Rollsteuerverhaltnis (RCR) und das induzierte Lastvielfache als quantitatives Mas fur die Gefahrdung berechnet werden. Mit dem so erweiterten WakeScene wurden Monte Carlo Simulationen fur den Landeanflug durchgefuhrt, um die Haufigkeit von Wirbelschleppeneinflugen und deren Gefahrdung fur den Referenzfall der heutzutage von der ICAO definierten Staffelungsabstande zu untersuchen. Der gleiche Vorgang wurde fur verringerte Staffelungsabstande durchgefuhrt, um die Ergebnisse mit dem Referenzfall zu vergleichen, und um daraus zu schliesen, ob eine Verringerung der Staffelungsabstande die Sicherheit beeintrachtigen wurde oder nicht.