Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controlling Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus in the UK by developing resistant wheat cultivars.

1 SUMMARY Introduction 2 Genetic mapping of SBCMV resistance genes 3 Development of a hydroponics method for screening cultivars for resistance to SBCMV 5 Investigation of the mechanism of resistance to SBCMV in UK cultivars using representational difference analysis 6 Investigation of resistance of UK cultivars to other related soil-borne viruses 8 INTRODUCTION 9 GENETIC MAPPING OF SBCMV RESISTANCE GENES Introduction 13 Materials and Methods 13 Results 14 Discussion 23 DEVELOPMENT OF A HYDROPONICS METHOD FOR SCREENING CULTIVARS FOR RESISTANCE TO SBCMV Introduction 24 Materials and Methods 24 Results 27 Discussion 34 INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE TO SBCMV IN UK CULTIVARS USING REPRESENTATIONAL DIFFERENCE ANALYSIS Introduction 36 Materials and Methods 36 Results 38 Discussion 44 INVESTIGATION OF RESISTANCE OF UK CULTIVARS TO OTHER RELATED SOILBORNE VIRUSES Introduction 46 Materials and Methods 46 Results 48 Discussion 50 REFERENCES 52 APPENDIX 1 55
ERP Systems Implementation in Malaysia: The Importance of Critical Success Factors

In order to survive in a rapidly changing business environment, organizations must improve their own business practices and procedures. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems can be considered as the most important development in the corporate use of information technology and are beginning to be the backbone of organizations. The difficulties and high failure rate in implementing ERP systems have been widely cited in the literature. Factors affecting ERP implementation are complex and abundant and numerous authors have identified a variety of factors that can be considered to be critical to the success of an ERP implementation. In this paper, the critical factors that affect ERP systems implementation success in Malaysia have been identified and the importance of these factors have been investigated. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, 10 factors were found to be critical to ERP implementation success. The importance of these factors was investigated within Malaysian companies using questionnaire survey method. “Top management support” and “Clear goals and objectives” have been shown to be the extremely important factors for ERP implementation in Malaysia.
Determination of genetic basis for biosurfactant production in distillery and curd whey wastes utilizing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain BS2

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain BS2 has been demonstrated to have an ability to produce potent biosurfactant, an ecofriendly substitute to synthetic surfactants from distillery and whey wastes and capable of reducing the pollution load of these wastes in the range of 85-90%. To determine the basis for future identification of the genes responsible for biosurfactant production from wastes, studies on the presence of plasmid if any, its profile and role in biosurfactant production were performed. Suitable plasmid screening technique was selected because strain BS2 produced excessive slime in Luria Burnetti broth, which interfered with the migration and detection of plasmid. Among the several methods, alkaline lysis method was the most suitable which aided in recovery of slime-free cell lysate and resulted in the formation of a discrete band of plasmid in agarose gel. Plasmid profile study demonstrated that plasmid had high molecular weight of 32.08×10 6 Da and possessed the genetic determinants for antibiotics (chloramphenicol, tetracycline and sulphonamide) and heavy metal salt (mercuric chloride) resistance and were used as markers in curing experiment. To determine the role of megaplasmid in biosurfactant production, curing of megaplasmid was performed at highest sublethal doses of acridine orange (100 g/ml) and mitomycin-C (15 g/ml). Results indicated that only mitomycin-C treatment resulted in 28% of cell population which turned sensitive towards marker antibiotics and heavy metal salt due to loss of megaplasmid, which was further confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Comparative analysis of biosurfactant production potential of cured cells with that of wild cells in both the wastes showed that the cured cells had similar potential capability of biosurfactant production as of wild strain which illustrates that genes responsible for biosurfactant production in distillery and whey wastes utilizing strain BS2 were not plasmid borne but resided on the chromosome where they are more stable.
Sleep Apnea – Recent Updates

Sleep apnea is highly prevalent and underdiagnosed. It is associated with multiple medi- cal conditions including cardiac dysrhythmia, stroke, hypertension, diabetes and con-gestive heart failure. In the last few decades, advances in diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnea have been robust. In this review, we will emphasize primarily developments in the area of sleep apnea that occurred in the past 5 years. These include changes in the nomenclature of sleep apnea in the International Classification in Sleep Disorders physiologic approach of treating sleep apnea, eligibility for CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) treatment, home sleep testing (HST), apnea in pregnancy, updates in oral device treatment and other emerging concepts on sleep apnea.
The Volatility of Mortality

The use of forward models for the future development of mortality has been proposed by several authors. In this article, we specify adequate volatility structures for such models. We derive a Heath-Jarrow-Morton drift condition under different measures. Based on demographic and epidemiological insights, we then propose two different models with a Gaussian and a non-Gaussian volatility structure, respectively. We present a Maximum Likelihood approach for the calibration of the Gaussian model and develop a Monte Carlo Pseudo Maximum Likelihood approach that can be used in the non-Gaussian case. We calibrate our models to historic mortality data and analyze and value certain longevity-dependent payoffs within the models.
Study of sociodemographic profile of juvenile boys admitted in an observation home

Background: World Health Report estimated that 20% of children and adolescent suffer from a disabling mental illness worldwide. Incidences of vagrancy, delinquency and crime have been growing among steadily increasing juvenile population in the last few years. Various studies have revealed the presence of difficult family environment, lower socio-economic status, and low parental education associated with the psychiatric morbidity in children. Given the growth of juvenile delinquent population, epidemiologic data of this high risk group is becoming increasingly important. Therefore this study was undertaken to study the sociodemographic profile of male juvenile admitted in an observation home. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in an Observation Home for Boys. The study sample consists of 50 boys aged between 6-16 years. Out of 50, 20 juveniles under conflict of law and 30 under care and protection were included. Results: All the juveniles in this study were belonging to the lower socioeconomic status. Delinquency was significantly more common in older age group (12-16 years) than younger age group (6-11 years). The maternal education and school dropout rate had significant correlation with delinquency in our study, found to be more common in juveniles under conflict of law than those under care and protection. Conclusions: Establishment of multidisciplinary mental health services at each juvenile center of India, for complete rehabilitation of the juveniles admitted there, under social justice system is immediately required.
Prediction of relevance of an image from a scan pattern

This report considers the task of inferring implicit relevance feedback from eye movements in image retrieval settings. The feasibility of solving the problem without using any image-level features is demonstrated on two different search settings, and the accuracy of inferring the relevance feedback is shown to be relatively high, clearly better than random. In addition, the report provides a list of image-level features that are good cues for relevance.
Family poultry production and consumption patterns in selected households of Bangladesh

Family poultry production accounts for most of the poultry production system in Bangladesh, but progress is not satisfactory. The present study assessed the existing poultry production and consumption patterns and constraints of poultry rearing of rural farmers in selected Northern areas of Bangladesh. A total of 50 households; 25 from Parakochua and 25 from Baraticry village in the Gaibandha district were selected for this study. The correlations coefficient was computed to determine the relationships among the dependent and independent variables. The findings showed that the average populations of chickens, ducks, and pigeons were 8.4, 7.19, and 6 respectively. Approximately 64% of the farmers were low producers compared to 30% for medium, whereas only 6% higher producers. In terms of consumption, the average among all birds was 8.1, and the highest proportion (74%) of them was in the low consumption category. With regard to poultry knowledge, approximately 78% of the farmers had poor overall poultry knowledge. The three most frequently cited problems faced by farmers in the process of rearing poultry were high prevalence of poultry diseases, inadequate supply of vaccine and medicine and scarcity of feed. Correlations between dependent and independent variables indicated that age, education, farm size, and annual income of the farmers were significantly related to the consumption of poultry, whereas poultry production was positively related to the farmers’ poultry knowledge. It is concluded that poultry production, consumption and rearing knowledge are not satisfactory. Therefore, a need-based extension program should be introduced among the farmers giving more focus on building awareness and ability about poultry production and consumption.
Autonomy, Social Interactions and Culture

The present paper, using a social interactions model, studies the impact of culture on autonomy of immigrants. The results suggest that: (i) immigrants' autonomy is largely influenced by the autonomy of individuals living in a host country; (ii) some immigrants are better off in countries and regions with better institutional environments. The results are robust to sensitivity checks. The contributions of the paper are as follows. First, we estimate a social interactions model that models both the formation of social interactions and the sorting of individuals to study the impact of culture on individual autonomy. Second, we estimate a model that analyzes the impact of both confidence in the individual and collective culture on individuals' decisions. Finally, since this is an observational learning model, policy suggestions may be drawn from the analysis.
Effects of Gasoline-Air Enrichment with HRG Gas on Efficiency and Emissions of a SI Engine

The addition of hydrogen to the gasoline-air mixture may contribute significantly towards accelerating the combustion process, with the beneficial effects on engine performance and emissions. The present contribution describes the results of an experimental research where gasoline-air mixture was enriched with a Hydrogen Rich Gas (HRG) produced by the electrical dissociation of water. The HRG analysis shows the presence of hydrogen and oxygen together with some additional species. Experiments were carried out at engine light and partial load. Detailed results of the measurements are shown, namely engine torque and efficiency, exhaust emissions, cyclic variability, heat release rates and combustion duration. The possibilities of improving engine performance and emissions in correlation with the amount of HRG, the equivalence ratio and the engine operating condition are thus outlined.
Financial Inclusion, GDP and Credit Risk of Commercial Banks in Kenya

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the synergies and trade-offs between financial inclusion and credit risk of commercial banks in Kenya. The paper analyzed the effect of financial inclusion on credit risk and the moderation effect of GDP on commercial banks in Kenya. Financial inclusion was measured using three dimensions of bank availability, bank accessibility and bank usage, while credit risk was represented by the non performing loans ratio. The study was anchored on financial intermediation theory supported by finance growth theory and asymmetry information theory. The target population was all the 43 commercial banks in Kenya. The study used secondary data collected from Central Bank of Kenya annual reports; commercial banks of Kenya published audited financial statements and annual data from Central Bureau of statistics of Kenya for the period between 2007-2015. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and panel multiple regression analysis. The results obtained found that bank availability, bank accessibility and bank usage had significant effect on credit risk of commercial banks in Kenya. GDP growth rate was found to partially moderate the relationship between financial inclusion and credit risk. From the findings the study concluded that financial inclusion has a significant effect on credit risk of commercial banks in Kenya. The study also recommended that commercial banks in Kenya to negotiate with Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance to put policies which support favorable macroeconomic variables especially GDP which influences the level of financial inclusion and bank credit risk.
Job Satisfaction and Its Correlation with Motivational Power Score among Occupational Therapists in Ahvaz City

Background and aims: Increasing productivity and work involvement are important factors affecting job satisfaction, which achieved are by appropriate job characteristics. The present study aimed at investigating the Motivational Power Score (MPS) and its correlation with job satisfaction among occupational therapists in Ahvaz city. Materials and Methods: All occupational therapists working in Ahvaz city participated in the current cross-sectional study. Valid questionnaires of Job Characteristic Model and Job Descriptive Index were used in order to investigate MPS and Job satisfaction among the participants. Results: More than 85% of the participants had high and moderate job satisfaction scores. Also, MPS mean score was assessed to be in moderate level (142.85± 43.62). No correlation was observed between MPS and job satisfaction scores. No correlation was found between demographic variables and MPS and job satisfaction scores, either (P>0.05). Conclusion: Occupational therapists in Ahvaz city reported appropriate job satisfaction. Moreover, MPS were in moderate level. These results indicate the appropriate job status and characteristics among occupational therapists in Ahvaz city.
Conflict Management Styles in the Workplace: A Study of First Generation Arab Muslim Immigrants in the United States

Multiple studies have shown that culture, religiosity, and gender influence people’s behavior in managing their conflict; however, there has been little investigation of the impact of the acculturation process on these variables utilized by first generation Arab Muslim immigrants in the United States. My study follows a sequential explanatory model with a mixed methods approach, and specifically explores the conflict management styles utilized by first generation Arab Muslim immigrants in the U.S. and how their culture, gender, and religiosity contribute to these processes. Data was collected by conducting 145 online surveys and 12 face-to-face semi-structured interviews, with the sample population stemming from the Arab Muslim communities in Columbia, Kansas City, and St. Louis, Missouri. Binary logistic regression and Chi-square tests were used to analyze this quantitative data through SPSS while thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The resulting analysis showed that first-generation immigrants tended to be more collectivistic, have a higher level of religiosity, and utilize a wider variety of conflict management styles including obliging, compromising, integrating, and avoiding. In addition, gender had a significant relationship only with the avoiding conflict management style, while level of religiosity had a significant relationship with the obliging, compromising, integrating, and dominating conflict management styles. Finally, culture had a significant predictive relationship with integrating and avoiding conflict management styles.
Towards common European audio description guidelines: results of the Pear Tree Project

This article reports on the Pear Tree Project (PTP) conducted as part of the DTV4All project, whose original aim was to develop audio description (AD) guidelines in Europe, in order to ensure consistent high quality AD. However, before streamlining AD standards, a number of issues had to be addressed, the most essential being whether relevant cross-linguistic and cross-cultural differences in Europe are insignificant enough to enable the development of such common European AD guidelines. In order to answer these questions, a methodology proposed by Chafe (1980) concerning the way representatives of various cultures and languages perceive and describe moving images was adopted by a group of AD researchers in the PTP. Participants from various countries were asked to watch a short film and recount what they saw. The data were then subjected to comparative lexical, discourse, and narrative analyses in order to uncover both similarities and differences in the processing of visual information by representatives of the languages and cultures concerned. The results and their analysis will be presented in this paper, on the basis of which the authors will attempt to provide an answer to the question of whether creating common European audio description guidelines is feasible.
Acquired Epidermolysis Bullosa and Linear Immunoglobulin A Bullous Dermatosis

Acquired epidermolysis bullosa is a rare subepidermal bullous disease character- ized by autoantibodies to type VII collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils. Although the exact pathophysiologic mechanism remains unclear, reduction or per- turbation of the anchoring fibrils results subepidermal blister formation and clinical features such as skin fragility, blisters, erosions, scars, milia and nail loss. Acquired epidermolysis bullosa includes various clinical manifestations resembling genetic epidermolysis bullosa, bullous pemphigoid, cicatricial pemphigoid, Brunsting-Perry pemphigoid and linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis. Numerous treatment options are available but patients are often refractory to treatment. Linear immuno - globulin A bullous dermatosis is another subepidermal bullous disease characterized by the accumulation of IgA antibodies in lamina densa or sublamina densa region of the basement membrane and neutrophil-rich infiltrates in histopathology. It can be seen both in children and adults. The form seen in children usually begins under the age of 5 and it is called chronic bullous disease of childhood. The classical presenta tion is annular/polycyclic plaques and papules with blistering on perioral and perineal regions, giving a “cluster of jewels” appearance. The adult form is often seen after the fourth decade and clinical features are similar to those of dermatitis herpetiformis, bul- lous pemphigoid or cicatricial pemphigoid.
Nonlinear Tax Elasticities And Their Implications For The Structural Budget Balance

Research on tax elasticities in South Africa mainly employs linear models and shows that taxes evolve symmetrically irrespective of the economic cycle. This study extends this research to show that taxes behave asymmetrically and nonlinearly during expansions and contractions. Estimated linear elasticities imply that a one percent expansion in the cycle increases personal income tax, corporate income tax and value added tax by 1.43, 2.52 and 0.99 percent, respectively. However, estimated nonlinear elasticities are significantly different. During an expansion, the above elasticities increase by 1.89, 2.76 and 2.17 percent, respectively while during a contraction phase these elasticities increase by 0.89, 0.88 and 0.82 respectively. This finding of low tax collection during economic contractions has important implications for fiscal sustainability and overall fiscal prudence in South Africa. The findings of high tax elasticities during expansions might explain the underestimation of revenue by the government.
How to Sustain Mineral Resources: Beneficiation and Mineral Engineering Opportunities

The sustainability of a mineral resource depends, among other aspects, on what the mineral in question will be used for, price fluctuations, future resource requirements, and downstream manufacturing. A balance must be struck between the long-term commitment of developing a mineral deposit against the short-term threats of a changing commercial and social environment. Long-term resource sustainability is dependent both on increased efficiency, which improves profitability, and on revitalizing marginal mines. This is illustrated through breakthroughs in the processing of low-grade copper and refractory gold ores, as well as nickel laterite ores. Retreatment of mine wastes and tailings can also increase the sustainability of mining activity. Ongoing research and development is also helping to sustain mineral resource exploitation.
Psychometric Analysis of the Short-Form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) Among Palestinian University Students

The purpose of this research was to analyze the psychometric characteristics of the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) among Palestinian university students. The sample consisted of 288 university students (56% women and 44% men), aged 18-22 years. The psychometric characteristics of the ULS-6 were examined using confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and criterion-related validity methods. The unidimensionality of the ULS-6 was supported among Palestinian university students. The ULS-6 showed good psychometric characteristics, with adequate internal consistency. In addition, the ULS-6 was negatively correlated with significant others support, family support, friends support, self-esteem and satisfaction with life. The results of the present study suggested that the Arabic version of the ULS-6 constitutes a concise psychometrically sound tool to assess loneliness.
Design of Narrow Band-Pass Frequency Selective Surfaces for Millimeter Wave Applications

A design methodology of narrow band-pass frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) using the Fabry-Perot approach is presented. The whole FSS structure consists of two identical single layer FSSs separated by a foam layer, which forms a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). The band-pass characteristic is a result of the FPI. The pass band can be controlled by the thickness of the foam, and the bandwidth can be controlled by the re∞ection coe-cients of the single layer FSSs. The efiects of both metallic and dielectric losses are discussed. It is interesting to note that the transmission peaks of FPI with high Q factor decline rapidly and flnally disappear as the losses increase, and the insertion loss is mainly due to the refection. The relationship between the insertion loss and the Q factor of the FPI is examined. As examples, narrow band-pass FSSs at about 96GHz with difierent bandwidths are designed.