Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved synthesis conditions for mixed gain-scheduling control subject to uncertain scheduling parameters

ABSTRACT The vast majority of the existing work in gain-scheduling (GS) control literature assumes perfect knowledge of scheduling parameters. Generally, this assumption is not realistic since for practical control applications measurement noises are unavoidable. In this paper, novel synthesis conditions are derived to synthesise robust GS controllers with mixed performance subject to uncertain scheduling parameters. The conditions are formulated in terms of parameterised bilinear matrix inequalities (PBMIs) that depend on varying parameters inside multi-simplex domain. The conditions provide practical GS controllers independent of the derivatives of scheduling parameters. That is, the designed controllers are feasible for implementation. Since bilinear matrix inequality problems are intractable, an iterative PBMI algorithm is developed to solve the developed synthesis conditions. By the virtue of this algorithm, conservativeness reduction is achieved with few iterations. Examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed conditions. Compared to other design methods from literature, the developed conditions achieve better performance.
The relationship of heart rate reserve to VO2 reserve in patients with heart disease.

UNLABELLED Recent reports indicate that among healthy adults, % heart rate reserve (HRR) is more closely related to %VO2 reserve (VO2R) than it is to %VO2max. This finding, in addition to the disparity between %HRR and %VO2max which is greater at low intensities and among low fit individuals, led the American College of Sports Medicine to adopt the use of %VO2R in place of %VO2max when prescribing exercise intensity among healthy adults and persons with heart disease. However, the relationship of %HRR to %VO2R among persons with heart disease has not been described. PURPOSE Among patients with a myocardial infarction (MI) and patients with chronic heart failure (HF), test the hypothesis that %VO2R is equivalent to %HRR, while %VO2peak is not. METHODS Using a clinical cardiology outcomes database, symptom-limited treadmill tests from 65 patients with MI and 72 patients with HF were identified. Heart rate and VO2 data were measured continuously and averaged every 15 s. For each subject, linear regression was used to calculate the slope and y-intercept of %HRR versus %VO2R (assuming rest VO2 = 3.5 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and %HRR versus %VO2peak. Mean slope and y-intercept were calculated for each group and compared with the line of identity (slope = 1, y-intercept = 0). RESULTS For the MI and HF groups, the slope of %HRR versus %VO2R was 0.96 +/- 0.02 (+/-SE; P = NS, slope vs 1) and 0.97 +/- 0.02 (P = NS), respectively. And the y-intercept was -1.9 +/- 2.1% (P = NS, y-intercept vs 0) and -5.9 +/- 2.1% (P < 0.05) for MI and HF, respectively. For both patient groups, the regression of %HRR versus %VO2peak resulted in a line that differed (P < 0.001) in both slope and y-intercept from the line of identity. CONCLUSIONS In patients with heart disease, %HRR is a better estimate of %VO2R than %VO2peak. This finding does not affect the current recommended use of %HRR. However, when prescribing exercise based on VO2, relative intensity should be expressed as %VO2R.
A Comparison of Elderly Patients with Aggressive Histology Lymphoma who Were Entered or Not Entered on to a Randomized Phase II Trial

The purpose of this study was to compare the baseline patient characteristics, treatments and outcomes of elderly patients with aggressive histology lymphoma who were entered or not entered onto a randomized phase II trial. We previously conducted a randomized phase II trial in patients > 65 years of age who had advanced stage intermediate grade lymphoma. A registry of all patients meeting the inclusion criteria for that trial was maintained. Many patients were not entered on to the randomized trial because of the presence of at least one exclusion criterion, or because of patient or physician choice. We have compared the baseline characteristics, treatment, and survival of the randomized and non-randomized patients. Results show that 68 consecutive patients met inclusion criteria for the randomized trial. Thirty-eight patients satisfied all eligibility criteria, consented, and were randomized; 30 patients (44%) were not entered. In comparison with randomized patients, non-randomized patients were older (mean 75.9 vs. 72.4 years; P=0.013), had a poorer performance status (P=0.0006), were less likely to be given treatment with curative intent (60% vs. 100%; P<0.001), and were less likely to complete 6 cycles of such treatment (27% vs. 89%; P<0.001). With a median follow-up of > 7 years, actuarial 5-year survival is superior in randomized patients (44.3% vs. 10%; P<0.00001). In conclusion, a substantial number of patients did not enter our randomized trial phase II trial and had different characteristics, received different therapy and had inferior outcomes in comparison with randomized patients. Randomized trials of therapy for elderly lymphoma patients may include special selection criteria and results may not be generalizable to a substantial proportion of other older patients.
Antibiotic activity of Xenorhabdus spp., bacteria symbiotically associated with insect pathogenic nematodes of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae.

A wide range of micro-organisms, including yeasts, was found to be inhibited by the primary form of Xenorhabdus spp. , but not by the secondary form. Only one Xenorhabdus strain, the symbiont of Neoaplectana glaseri, did not inhibit any of the micro-organisms tested; it is suggested that this strain may not have been isolated in the primary form. Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to all active isolates of Xenorhabdus; each of the yeasts and almost all of the Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to some but not all Xenorhabdus isolates. Each Xenorhabdus isolate was sensitive to some other Xenorhabdus isolates. The antibiotic activity of X. nematophilus was unaffected by autoclaving but was lost after dialysis. Anaerobically incubated Xenorhabdus spp. did not exhibit antibiotic activity.
Integrated Size and Energy Management Design of Battery Storage to Enhance Grid Integration of Large-Scale PV Power Plants

Battery storage controlled by an energy management system (EMS) becomes an enabling technique to enhance solar farm integration. In this paper, the EMS controls battery storage to shape the fluctuated photovoltaic (PV) plant output into a relatively constant power and support the peak load. The proposed integrated design method considers both battery size and EMS impacts on the utility benefits and cost. The utility benefits include power generation, peak power support, and reduced line losses. The cost of battery storage is determined by the size and lifetime based on the developed battery models. Accordingly, the utility revenue change due to the battery storage controlled by EMS can be evaluated. Therefore, the integrated design of battery size and EMS can be determined by managing the change of utility revenue to gain economic benefits for the large-scale PV power plant application. Finally, the lithium-ion phosphate (LiFePO4) battery and lead-acid battery are compared to demonstrate the proposed method on a utility system model, respectively.
Interferon assays and quantitative virus determinations in a fatal infection in man with western equine encephalomyelitis virus.

Abstract Interferon assays and quantitative determinations of virus were performed on specimens obtained from a patient dying with an infection with Western equine encephalomyelitis virus and on tissues taken at autopsy. Interferon and virus content were highest in suspensions of tissue from the basal ganglia. The thalamus contained only slightly less interferon but virus content, relative to the basal ganglia, was disproportionately reduced. Suspensions of temporal lobe tissue contained no detectable interferon, although virus quantity was comparable to that in the thalamus. Interferon was demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid, but no virus was detected. Neither interferon nor virus was found in other portions of the brain, nor in liver, kidney, or spleen tissues. Interferon could not be detected in serum. Maximum interferon levels in brain tissue contrasted sharply with those obtained in patients of the same age and dying at comparable intervals after onset of St. Louis encephalitis (1,600 versus 25 culture-protective units per g of tissue). Results of in vitro lymphocyte culture experiments suggested that findings in these two infections might be best related to the intrinsic capacities of these viruses to induce human interferon.
Sex differences on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised in the elderly: Normative data in 172 participants

The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R) are frequently used in assessing dementia. Though sex differences in verbal learning and memory have been reported, normative data for the elderly often do not separate males and females. No studies provide normative data for both the RAVLT and the BVMT-R in the same elderly sample. Finally, normative data for those over age 79 are unavailable for the BVMT-R. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate sex differences on these two tests, provide normative data in 172 healthy volunteers between the ages of 60 and 89 (inclusive), and extend the age range of BVMT-R normative data. Females consistently outperformed males. However, only performance on the RAVLT warranted separation of normative data by sex. Age and sex differences as well as usage of these normative data in a clinical setting are discussed.
Paraspinal Muscle Activity during Unstable Superman and Bodyweight Squat Exercises

The purpose of this study was to investigate the recruitment of the paraspinal muscles longissimus and iliocostalis during dynamic contractions of superman exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, and during unloaded bodyweight squats. Surface electromyography (EMG) was measured from these two muscles bilaterally while participants performed the exercises. Participants (n = 17, age 24 ± 3.1 years, body mass 78.5 ± 8.2 kg, height 1.81 ± 7.4 m) performed two sets of 10 repetitions for each exercise in a random order. Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong positive relation between both sides of the participants (longissimus pairs: r = 0.945; and iliocostalis pairs: r = 0.855), demonstrating a symmetric muscle recruitment in all exercises. However, there were no significant differences between the exercises for both muscles in a multiple comparison analysis (longissimus pairs: p = 0.496; and iliocostalis pairs: p = 0.296). The bodyweight squat produces similar muscle activity of the longissimus and iliocostalis compared with superman exercises on stable and unstable surfaces. Considering the dynamic nature of the bodyweight squat, and its implications on functional daily living activities and sports conditions, it seems a more reasonable choice for targeting paraspinal muscles if compared to superman exercises or unstable superman exercises.
Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast: An Immunohistochemical Study of Neoplastic and Stromal Cells

A 59-year-old woman complained of a palpable mass in the right breast, and a needle biopsy disclosed small clusters of neoplastic cells in the fibrous stroma. The small clusters did not contain fibrovascular cores but exhibited micropapillary configuration. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunohistochemistry confirmed the reverse polarity of the neoplastic cells. Additionally, the plasma membrane of many neoplastic cells stained with E-cadherin and f-catenin. Myofibroblasts, which were positive for alpha smooth muscle actin (ASMA) and negative for cytokeratin 14, were abundant in the neoplastic stroma, but no CD34-positive stromal cells were observed in the neoplastic stroma. For comparison, 3 additional cases of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMC) and 4 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) were studied. Similar results for stromal cells were obtained in all cases. Our results from this preliminary investigation suggest that CD34-positive stromal cells may disappear from the stroma of IMC as well as IDC.
The New Intelligence Leadership Strategy for Icas

As humanity becomes more dependent on information and knowledge, the current concepts, theories and practices as- sociated with leadership strategy have to be transformed. Fundamentally, the influence of the knowledge-intensive, fast-changing and more complex environment has initiated a shift in the mindset, strategic thinking, ability and style in the new generation of leaders. In addition, for all categories of human organizations (economics, business, social, education and political) their mem- bers are becoming better educated and informed, and consequently they are more sophisticated interacting agents with mod- ified expectations. Leading these new intelligent human organizations is drastically different from leading a traditional setup. Consequently, the introduction of a new leadership strategy is inevitable. Concurrently, in the new context, it is also highly significant to recognize that all human thinking systems and human organiza- tions are indeed complex adaptive systems. In such systems, order and complexity co-exist, and they learn, adapt and evolve with the changing environment, similar to the behavior of any biological species in an ecological system. The complex and nonlinear evolving dynamic is driven by the intrinsic intelligence of the individuals and the collective intelligence of the group. Therefore, focusing and exploiting the bio-logic rather than machine-logic perspective is definitely more appropriate. In this respect, a better comprehension of leadership strategy and organizational dynamics can be acquired by "bisociating" the complexity theory and the concept of organizing around intelligence. The resulting evolutionary model of this analysis is the intelligence leadership strategy.
Use of the electrocardiogram in acute myocardial infarction.

he electrocardiogram remains a crucial tool in the identification and management of acute myocardial infarction. A detailed analysis of patterns of ST-segment elevation may influence decisions regarding the use of reperfusion therapy. The early and accurate identification of the infarct-related artery on the electrocardiogram can help predict the amount of myocardium at risk and guide decisions regarding the urgency of revascularization. Electrocardiographic signs of reperfusion represent an important marker of microvascular blood flow and consequent prognosis. The electrocardiogram is also crucial for identifying new conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias that influence both short- and long-term outcome. In this review, we discuss approaches to the interpretation of the electrocardiogram in the clinical management of patients during the first 24 hours after a myocardial infarction. The specificity of the electrocardiogram in acute myocardial infarction is limited by large individual variations in coronary anatomy as well as by the presence of preexisting coronary artery disease, particularly in patients with a previous myocardial infarction, collateral circulation, or previous coronary-artery bypass surgery. The electrocardiogram is also limited by its inadequate representation of the posterior, lateral, and apical walls of the left ventricle. Despite these limitations, the electrocardiogram can help in identifying proximal occlusion of the coronary arteries, which results in the most extensive and most severe myocardial infarctions. inferior myocardial infarction
Molecular genetics of nocturnal enuresis: clinical and genetic heterogeneity

Forty‐two children with nocturnal enuresis (27 with primary, 4 with secondary nocturnal enuresis and 11 with combined primary nocturnal enuresis and daytime wetting) were selected retrospectively from a study of 167 consecutive children with enuresis. The aim of the study was to collect formal genetic data, perform molecular genetic linkage‐analyses with five microsatellite markers on chromosomes 13q, 12q or 8q and specify the associations between genetic findings and clinical, as well as psychiatric diagnoses. Positive linkage of nocturnal enuresis to one of the microsatellite markers was possible in 27 children from 23 families and was not possible in 15 children. Somatic findings in both the groups with and without possible assignment of nocturnal enuresis to a marker were heterogeneous. Psychiatrically, a low rate of behavioural problems was apparent. These findings support the hypothesis of genetic and phenotypical heterogeneity of nocturnal enuresis, without linkage of specific psychiatric and somatic phenotypes to certain chromosome markers.
The Rate of Photorespiration during Photosynthesis and the Relationship of the Substrate of Light Respiration to the Products of Photosynthesis in Sunflower Leaves.

Single attached leaves of sunflower (Helianthus annus L. "Mennonite") were supplied (14)CO(2) of constant specific radioactivity in gas mixtures containing various CO(2) and O(2) concentrations. The (14)CO(2) and CO(2) fluxes were measured concurrently in an open system using an ionization chamber and infrared gas analyzer.The rate of photorespiration (5.7 +/- 0.3 mg CO(2). dm(-2). (-1)) during photosynthesis in 21% O(2) at 25 C and 3,500 footcandles was over three times the rate of dark respiration and was independent of CO(2) concentrations from 0 to 300 mul/l. The steady rate of CO(2) evolution into CO(2)-free air was about 30% lower. Low oxygen (1%) inhibited both (14)CO(2) and CO(2) evolution, both during photosynthesis and in CO(2)-free air in the light.At 300 mul/l CO(2) apparent photosynthesis was inhibited 41% by 21% O(2). Two-thirds of the inhibition was due to the inhibition of true photosynthesis by oxygen and one-third due to the stimulation of photorespiration. At 50 mul/l CO(2), where the percentage inhibition of apparent photosynthesis by 21% oxygen was 92%, photorespiration accounted for two-thirds of the total inhibition.The rate of (14)CO(2) uptake by the leaf decreased about 30 seconds after the introduction of (14)CO(2), indicating that (14)CO(2) was rapidly evolved from the leaf. The rate of (14)CO(2) evolution increased rapidly with time, the kinetics depending on the CO(2) concentration. The high specific radioactivity of the (14)CO(2) evolved during photosynthesis or in the early period of flushing in CO(2)-free air showed that the substrate for light respiration was an early product of photosynthesis. From the measurement of (14)CO(2) and CO(2) evolution into CO(2)-free air over a longer time period it was apparent that at least three compounds, each of decreased (14)C content, could supply the substrate for light respiration.Based on a consideration of the specific radioactivity of (14)CO(2) evolved under a variety of conditions, it is suggested that total CO(2) evolution in the light or photorespiration is composed of two processes, dark respiration and light respiration. Light respiration is a process that only occurs in the light, persists for some time on darkening, and metabolizes substrates that are quite different from those of dark respiration.
Simultaneous pericranial and nasoseptal flap reconstruction of anterior skull base defects following endoscopic‐assisted craniofacial resection

presented at the Annual AAOHNS meeting in Washington DC, 2012. Dr. Bradford Woodworth is a consultant for Gyrus and Arthrocare. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose. Send correspondence to Bradford A. Woodworth, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, BDB 563, 1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294. E-mail: bwoodwo@hotmail.com DOI: 10.1002/lary.24071 Laryngoscope 123: October 2013 Chaaban et al.: Simultaneous Pericranial and Nasoseptal Flap
Poland as an Inflation Nutter: The Story of Successful Output Stabilization

The goal of the paper is to verify whether the National Bank of Poland (NBP) follows pure inflation targeting. The contemporaneous and forward looking, numerous Taylor rules estimated with the OLS and GMM methods provided weak evidence of any significant importance attached by NBP to output stabilization in the reaction function. The strong focus of NBP on its primary target has led to a satisfactory performance of the central bank in stabilizing the real economy. This suggests the basic conclusion that pure inflation targeters may perform equally fine in stabilizing the real economy as countries which officially attach importance to output stabilization.
The tyrocidine biosynthesis operon of Bacillus brevis: complete nucleotide sequence and biochemical characterization of functional internal adenylation domains

The cyclic decapeptide antibiotic tyrocidine is produced by Bacillus brevis ATCC 8185 on an enzyme complex comprising three peptide synthetases, TycA, TycB, and TycC (tyrocidine synthetases 1, 2, and 3), via the nonribosomal pathway. However, previous molecular characterization of the tyrocidine synthetase-encoding operon was restricted to tycA, the gene that encodes the first one-module-bearing peptide synthetase. Here, we report the cloning and sequencing of the entire tyrocidine biosynthesis operon (39.5 kb) containing the tycA, tycB, and tycC genes. As deduced from the sequence data, TycB (404,562 Da) consists of three modules, including an epimerization domain, whereas TycC (723,577 Da) is composed of six modules and harbors a putative thioesterase domain at its C-terminal end. Each module incorporates one amino acid into the peptide product and can be further subdivided into domains responsible for substrate adenylation, thiolation, condensation, and epimerization (optional). We defined, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli five internal adenylation domains of TycB and TycC. Soluble His6-tagged proteins, ranging from 536 to 559 amino acids, were affinity purified and found to be active by amino acid-dependent ATP-PPi exchange assay. The detected amino acid specificities of the investigated domains manifested the colinear arrangement of the peptide product with the respective module in the corresponding peptide synthetases and explain the production of the four known naturally occurring tyrocidine variants. The Km values of the investigated adenylation domains for their amino acid substrates were found to be comparable to those published for undissected wild-type enzymes. These findings strongly support the functional integrities of single domains within multifunctional peptide synthetases. Directly downstream of the 3' end of the tycC gene, and probably transcribed in the tyrocidine operon, two tandem ABC transporters, which may be involved in conferring resistance against tyrocidine, and a putative thioesterase were found.
No-broadcasting of non-signalling boxes via operations which transform local boxes into local ones

We deal with families of probability distributions satisfying non-signalling condition, called non-signalling boxes and consider a class of operations that transform local boxes into local ones (the one that admit LHV model). We prove that any operation from this class cannot broadcast a bipartite non-local box with 2 binary inputs and outputs. We consider a function called anti-Robustness which can not decrease under these operations. The proof reduces to showing that anti-Robustness would decrease after broadcasting.