Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of Neuropathic Cancer Pain Following WHO Analgesic Ladder: A Prospective Study

Cancer pain treatment according to the guidelines of World Health Organization (WHO) is effective and safe in majority of patients. 818 neuropathic cancer pain patients were enrolled in the study and pain was managed according to WHO analgesic ladder and followed up to six months. Main adjuvant drugs used were amitryptaline (29.9%), gabapentin (29.9%) and gabapentine with dexamethasone in (19.9%) and dexamethasone alone in (20.2%) patients. Opioids prescribed were mainly tramadol, codeine sulphate and morphine. 52% patients received morphine as rescue analgesic. At the end of six months 53.2% patients had no pain and 41.9% of patients had mild pain as compared to 0% and 10.2% patients respectively at the first visit. 4.9% of patients had moderate pain even after the treatment. Neuropathic cancer pain can be relieved by multimodal treatment following WHO guidelines as majority of cancer patients suffered multiple types of pain.
Capability of air filters to retain airborne bacteria and molds in heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems.

The capability of air filters (filterclass: F6, F7) to retain airborne outdoor microorganisms was examined in field experiments in two heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. At the beginning of the 15-month investigation period, the first filter stages of both HVAC systems were equipped with new unused air filters. The number of airborne bacteria and molds before and behind the filters were determined simultaneously in 14 days-intervals using 6-stage Andersen cascade impactors. Under relatively dry (< 80% R. H.) and warm (> 12 degrees C) outdoor air conditions air filters led to a marked reduction of airborne microorganism concentrations (bacteria by approximately 70% and molds by > 80%). However, during long periods of high relative humidity (> 80% R. H.) a proliferation of bacteria on air filters with subsequent release into the filtered air occurred. These microorganisms were mainly smaller than 1.1 microns therefore being part of the respirable fraction. The results showed furthermore that one possibility to avoid microbial proliferation is to limit the relative humidity in the area of the air filters to 80% R. H. (mean of 3 days), e.g. by using preheaters in front of air filters in HVAC-systems.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Diabetes

In Brief Diabetes poses a major life stress that requires considerable physical, emotional, and psychological accommodation and coping. Mind-body therapies have drawn significant interest for their potential to assist in managing stress and adaptation to chronic illness. This review highlights the literature and research on Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction to improve the health and well-being of individuals with diabetes.
Nuisibilité de l'enherbement sur une culture de canne à sucre

Un essai de nuisibilite de l'enherbement a ete conduit en 1990 sur la station de l'IDESSA (Institut des Savanes) a Ferkessedougou en Cote d'Ivoire. En cours de vegetation, l'enherbement a ete apprecie par des releves floristiques et des pesees de sa biomasse. A la recolte, la production de canne est significativement moindre si en debut de cycle la concurrence avec les mauvaises herbes se poursuit au-dela du premier mois de culture et la maitrise de l'enherbement n'est pas assuree jusqu'a l'âge de trois mois
CRCTOL: A semantic-based domain ontology learning system

Domain ontologies play an important role in supporting knowledge-based applications in the Semantic Web. To facilitate the building of ontologies, text mining techniques have been used to perform ontology learning from texts. However, traditional systems employ shallow natural language processing techniques and focus only on concept and taxonomic relation extraction. In this paper we present a system, known as Concept-Relation-Concept Tuple-based Ontology Learning (CRCTOL), for mining ontologies automatically from domain-speciﬁc documents. Speciﬁcally, CRCTOL adopts a full text parsing technique and employs a combination of statistical and lexico-syntactic methods, including a statistical algorithm that extracts key concepts from a document collection, a word sense disambiguation algorithm that disambiguates words in the key concepts, a rule-based algorithm that extracts relations between the key concepts,and a modiﬁed generalized association rule mining algorithm that prunes unimportant relations for ontology learning. As a result, the ontologies learned by CRCTOL are more concise and contain a richer semantics in terms of the range and number of semantic relations compared with alternative systems. We present two case studies where CRCTOL is used to build a terrorism domain ontology and a sport event domain ontology. At the component level, quantitative evaluation by comparing with Text-To-Onto and its successor Text2Onto has shown that CRCTOL is able to extract concepts and semantic relations with a signiﬁcantly higher level of accuracy. At the ontology level, the quality of the learned ontologies is evaluated by either employing a set of quantitative and qualitative methods including analyzing the graph structural property, comparison to WordNet, and expert rating, or directly comparing with a human-edited benchmark ontology, demonstrating the high quality of the ontologies learned.
Motivations for adolescent physical activity.

BACKGROUND Motivating adolescents to maintain levels of physical activity (PA) is important because regular PA in adolescence contributes to physical, psychological, and social well-being and PA during adolescence has been associated with activity levels in adulthood. PURPOSE The overall aim of this study is to validate a measure of external reward, health values, and personal interest motivations for adolescent PA developed by Wold and Kannas and to examine the relationship between these motivations and level of PA. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 9011 adolescents completed the Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey instrument. Ten items were used to measure PA motivations. Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to test the 3-factor structure of the motivation scale and to examine the relationship between the 3 motivations and PA. RESULTS The Wold and Kannas's motivation measure assessed external, social, and health motivations which predicted PA in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The Wold and Kannas's motivation measure is suitable for assessing motivations for PA in US adolescents and may contribute to both theoretical and intervention studies that address this public health need.
TRIM24 Is a p53-Induced E3-Ubiquitin Ligase That Undergoes ATM-Mediated Phosphorylation and Autodegradation during DNA Damage

ABSTRACT Tumor suppressor p53 protects cells from genomic insults and is a target of mutation in more than 50% of human cancers. Stress-mediated modification and increased stability of p53 promote p53 interaction with chromatin, which results in transcription of target genes that are critical for the maintenance of genomic integrity. We recently discovered that TRIM24, an E3-ubiquitin ligase, ubiquitinates and promotes proteasome-mediated degradation of p53. Here, we show that TRIM24 is destabilized by ATM-mediated phosphorylation of TRIM24S768 in response to DNA damage, which disrupts TRIM24-p53 interactions and promotes the degradation of TRIM24. Transcription of TRIM24 is directly induced by damage-activated p53, which binds p53 response elements and activates expression of TRIM24. Newly synthesized TRIM24 interacts with phosphorylated p53 to target it for degradation and termination of the DNA damage response. These studies indicate that TRIM24, like MDM2, controls p53 levels in an autoregulatory feedback loop. However, unlike MDM2, TRIM24 also targets activated p53 to terminate p53-regulated response to DNA damage.
Melatonin improves placental efficiency and birth weight and increases the placental expression of antioxidant enzymes in undernourished pregnancy

Abstract: Melatonin participates in circadian, seasonal and reproductive physiology. Melatonin also acts as a potent endogenous antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and upregulating antioxidant pathways. The placenta expresses melatonin receptors and melatonin protects against oxidative damage induced in rat placenta by ischemia‐reperfusion. One of the most common complications in pregnancy is a reduction in fetal nutrient delivery, which is known to promote oxidative stress. However, whether melatonin protects placental function and fetal development in undernourished pregnancy is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of maternal treatment with melatonin on placental efficiency, fetal growth, birth weight and protein expression of placental oxidative stress markers in undernourished pregnancy. On day 15 of pregnancy, rats were divided into control and undernourished pregnancy (35% reduction in food intake), with and without melatonin treatment (5 μg/mL drinking water). On day 20 of gestation, fetal biometry was carried out, the placenta was weighed and subsequently analyzed by Western blot for xanthine oxidase, heat shock protein (HSP) 27 and 70, catalase, manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn‐SOD) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx‐1). A separate cohort was allowed to deliver to assess effects on birth weight. Maternal undernutrition led to a fall in placental efficiency, disproportionate intrauterine growth retardation and a reduction in birth weight. Maternal treatment with melatonin in undernourished pregnancy improved placental efficiency and restored birth weight, and it increased the expression of placental Mn‐SOD and catalase. The data show that in pregnancy complicated by undernutrition, melatonin may improve placental efficiency and birth weight by upregulating placental antioxidant enzymes.
Lack of association between AKT1 variances versus clinical manifestations and social function in patients with schizophrenia

The elucidation of genotype-phenotype relationships in psychiatric research is at an early stage. V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1) is a serine/threonine kinase known as protein kinase B. Emerging studies have implicated the role of AKT1 in pathogenesis of schizophrenia; however, the findings have not been consistent. This study aims to examine the association of AKT1 polymorphisms with drug-free and post-treatment symptomatology and social function in patients with schizophrenia. One hundred and twenty newly hospitalised patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia who had never been treated by atypical antipsychotics were recruited. They received optimal treatment of risperidone for up to 42 days in the inpatient research unit. Clinical manifestations were monitored by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and social function by Nurses’ Observation Scale for Inpatients Evaluation (NOSIE). Patients were genotyped for eight AKT1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs), which have been previously investigated for association with schizophrenia. At drug-free status and after best possible treatment of risperidone, genotypes of each SNP did not influence performances in NOSIE, PANSS-total, -positive, -negative and -general psychopathology profiles. These results suggest that AKT1 does not play a significant role in clinical and functional manifestations in patients with schizophrenia who receive risperidone treatment. Future research should also focus on the relationships between genotypes of other susceptibility genes and phenotypes or functional outcomes of schizophrenia.
Favre-Racouchot syndrome: a case for smokers' comedones.

Smoking has many known cutaneous manifestations, including an increased association with premature aging, 1,2 which have recently been thoroughly reviewed by Smith and Fenske. 3 Many authors 4,5 recognize the existence of "smoker's face. " At our dermatology clinic, one of us (G.C.K) noted that Favre-Racouchot syndrome (nodular elastosis with cysts and comedones) seemed more common in smokers. A survey was designed to examine this issue. Materials and Methods. Our cancer screening clinic serves a mostly self-referred, white, retired military population in San Antonio, Tex. Fifty-six consecutive patients with Favre-Racouchot syndrome (subjects) were asked about their history of smoking. Patients were classified as smokers if they had a greater than 5 pack-year smoking history. This group was compared with 309 consecutive patients without Favre-Racouchot syndrome (controls). The survey was not designed to measure the incidence of Favre-Racouchot syndrome since subjects were collected over a longer period than controls. All observers were
De novo neurogenesis by targeted expression of atoh7 to Müller glia cells

Regenerative responses in the vertebrate CNS depend on quiescent radial glia stem cells, which re-enter the cell cycle and eventually differentiate into neurons. The entry into the cell cycle and the differentiation into neurons are events of opposite nature, and therefore efforts to force quiescent radial glia into neurons require different factors. Here, we use fish to show that a single neurogenic factor, Atoh7, directs retinal radial glia (Müller glia, MG) into proliferation. The resulting neurogenic clusters differentiate in vivo into various retinal neurons. We use signaling reporters to demonstrate that the Atoh7-induced regeneration-like response of MG cells is mimicked by Notch, resembling the behavior of early progenitors during retinogenesis. Activation of Notch signaling in MG cells is sufficient to trigger proliferation and differentiation. Our results uncover a new role for Atoh7 as a universal neurogenic factor, and illustrate how signaling modules are re-employed in diverse contexts to trigger different biological responses. Highlighted article: Induced activation of atoh7 in Müller glia cells in vivo is sufficient to drive cell cycle re-entry and proliferation, followed by the formation of neurogenic clusters and de novo neurogenesis.
Low solubility in drug development: de‐convoluting the relative importance of solvation and crystal packing

An increasing trend towards low solubility is a major issue for drug development as formulation of low solubility compounds can be problematic. This paper presents a model which de‐convolutes the solubility of pharmaceutical compounds into solvation and packing properties with the intention to understand the solubility limiting features.
Finally, a Downloadable Test Collection of Tweets

Due to Twitter's terms of service that forbid redistribution of content, creating publicly downloadable collections of tweets for research purposes has been a perpetual problem for the research community. Some collections are distributed by making available the ids of the tweets that comprise the collection and providing tools to fetch the actual content; this approach has scalability limitations. In other cases, evaluation organizers have set up APIs that provide access to collections for specific tasks, without exposing the underlying content. This is a workable solution, but difficult to sustain over the long term since someone has to maintain the APIs. We have noticed that the non-profit Internet Archive has been making available for public download captures of the so-called Twitter "spritzer" stream, which is the same source as the Tweets2013 collection used in the TREC 2013 and 2014 Microblog Tracks. We analyzed both datasets in terms of content overlap and retrieval baselines to show that the Internet Archive data can serve as a drop-in replacement for the Tweets2013 collection, thereby providing the research community with, finally, a downloadable collection of tweets. Beyond this finding, we also study the impact of tweet deletions over time and how they affect the test collections.
Carbonyl Compounds and Toxicity Assessments of Emissions from a Diesel Engine Running on Biodiesels

Abstract This study elucidates the effect of biodiesel on the emission of carbonyl compounds generated from a diesel engine (generator), and the related biotoxicity characteristics. The Microtox test and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity and cytotoxicity, respectively, of gaseous extracts from diesel engine exhaust. The engine was tested using diesel fuel and biodiesel blends (10, 30, 50, 75, and 100% of biodiesel by volume). The operating conditions of the diesel engine were set as idling, 10, 33, and 55% loads. The regulated emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2) were monitored. The carbonyl compounds in the exhaust were collected in 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) solution in an impinger and converted to corresponding hydrazone derivatives, which were then analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet (UV) detector. Analysis results indicate that the carbonyl compound emissions increased when the engine was run on biodiesels at all of the loadings; however, the total concentration of emitted carbonyls did not increase with the biodiesel content. The dominant carbonyls (formalde-hyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and acetone) accounted for 70 to 90% of all carbonyl emissions in the engine exhaust. The concentrations of CO2 and NOx from B10 were quite similar to those from diesel. Finally, in the toxicity assessments, B10 had a higher acute toxicity and cytotoxicity than diesel, indicating that blending with biodiesel may have adverse health effects because of toxic gas emissions. At various engine loads, higher toxicities were associated with greater carbonyl emissions in diesel exhaust, but not in B10, indicating that the carbonyls may not be the major pollutants that induce the toxicity of emissions from biodiesel.
Sequence variation within the human immunodeficiency virus V3 loop at seroconversion

Analysis of the HIV‐1 V3 quasispecies present in an individual at the time of seroconversion was carried out. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify proviral HIV‐1 DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a patient who was viraemic (p24 = 15 pg/ml) and had an equivocal HIV‐1 antibody status. The PCR products were cloned and the DNA sequence determined for 15 clones. These data showed that the V3 region contained only limited sequence heterogeneity with a major variant accounting for 66% of the protein quasispecies present. The protein sequence of the principal neutralising domain on all species contained the relatively rare GPGKTL motif rather than GPGRAF. The relevance of these data for early stages of HIV infection are discussed.
Online Social Networks: Human Cognitive Constraints in Facebook and Twitter Personal Graphs

Online Social Networks: Human Cognitive Constraints in Facebook and Twitter provides new insights into the structural properties of personal online social networks and the mechanisms underpinning human online social behavior. As the availability of digital communication data generated by social media is revolutionizing the field of social networks analysis, the text discusses the use of large- scale datasets to study the structural properties of online ego networks, to compare them with the properties of general human social networks, and to highlight additional properties. Users will find the data collected and conclusions drawn useful during design or research service initiatives that involve online and mobile social network environments.Provides an analysis of the structural properties of ego networks in online social networks Presents quantitative evidence of the Dunbars number in online environmentsDiscusses original structural and dynamic properties of human social network through OSN analysis
Psychotropic medications and risk for falls among community-dwelling frail older people: an observational study.

BACKGROUND Injuries due to falls are one of the most important public health concerns for all ages, but especially for frail elderly people. Although a small number of falls have a single cause, the majority have many different causes resulting from the interactions between intrinsic or extrinsic risk factors. METHODS We conducted an observational study on data from a large population of community-dwelling elderly people to tests the hypothesis that the current use of different classes of psychotropic medications, including antipsychotic agents, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics, and antidepressants, increases the risk for falls. We analyzed data from a large collaborative observational study group, the Italian Silver Network Home Care project, that collected data on patients admitted to home care programs (n = 2854). RESULTS After adjusting for all potential confounders, users of any psychotropic drugs had an increased risk of fall of nearly 47% (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-1.74). Similarly, compared with nonusers, users of atypical antipsychotic drugs also had an increased risk of falling at least once (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.00-2.11). Among benzodiazepine users, patients taking agents with long elimination half-life (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.00-2.19) and patients taking benzodiazepines with short elimination half-life (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.72) had an increased risk of falls. Patients taking antidepressants did not show a higher risk of falling compared to nonusers (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.83-1.41). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that, among psychotropic medications, antipsychotic agents and benzodiazepines are associated with an increased risk of falls. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that preferential prescribing of short-acting benzodiazepines instead of long-acting agents or atypical antipsychotic medications instead of typical agents will substantially decrease fall risk associated with the use of these classes of drugs.