Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating Union – Non-union Wage Differential in Hungary

This paper estimates the wage impact of trade unions in Hungary. I use linked employeremployee panel data covering 1992 2005 and including information on 15,860 firms with more than 2,100 status switches of wage agreement. The data offer the opportunity to control for some forms of selection bias of firms into union status. I estimate numerous regression specifications varying the scope of the explanatory variables and the level of aggregation (firm-level vs. individual-level). In the firm-level regressions the raw wage gap of 26 percent falls to 8.9 percent after controlling for observable firm characteristics, and to 4.4 percent when including firm-level heterogeneity. The estimates on the individual-level database show a 26 percent raw wage gap, which decreases to 7 percent after controlling for individual and firm-level characteristics and to 2 percent when including firm-level unobservables. JEL classifications: J31; J51; P30 Acknowledgement I am deeply grateful to my advisor, John S. Earle for his detailed and constructive comments, and for his important support throughout this work. I also wish to express my warm and sincere thanks to Álmos Telegdy for helping me in the first steps of micro data analysis and supporting me with thoughtful advices and encouragement. I also thank the IE – HAS, especially János Köllő for providing and cleaning the Hungarian Wage Survey, I thank the Hungarian National Bank for data support and the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour for providing data on collective agreement registries. I am grateful to László Neumann for his useful advice about Hungarian trade unions. I would like to thank to my colleagues at the Labor Project, Gábor Antal and Anna Lovász for the inspiring and thoughtful talks.
Vertical distribution of micronutrient cations in a basaltic terrain of Rajasthan in relation to soil properties

Five representative soil profiles from five distinct physiographic units of the basaltic terrain of southern Rajasthan were studied for the DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in relation to some important soil properties. Soils at the higher elevation contained more micronutrient cations than the soils at the lower elevation. The soils of the study area were adequate in DTPA-extractable micronutrient cations and had significant negative correlation with pH and CaC0 3 • Additional
EVALUATION OF PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF BALADI RED COMPARED TO NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS UNDER THE SAME MANAGERIAL CONDITIONS

This experiment was designed to compare the productive performance, reproductive efficiency, physiological reactions and behavioral traits in males and females of two breeds of rabbits, Baladi Red (BR) and New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit breeds. Fifty two mature males and females rabbits were used in this experiment. Twenty six from each breed were used (6 males and 20 females). At the bigining of the experiment, age of animales averaged 4-5 months and their weight averaged 2.20-2.50 Kg for each breeds. Results of this study indicated that, there were significant differences between both breeds and sexes on most studied traits. Females had (P≤0.05) superior physiological body reactions and lower hematological parameters than those recorded for males, irrespective of breed factor. Howeber, no significant differences were found between breeds on physiological body reactions and hematological parameters, irrespective of sex of breed. Also, the results showed that, NZW rabbit bucks had significantly (P≤0.05) higher libido, whole ejaculate volume, dead spermatozoa, and insignificant higher sperm concentration/ml than those obtained in BR bucks breed. In contrast, BR rabbit bucks had (P≤0.05) higher semen pH, net ejaculate volume and initial motility, and had insignificant higher sperm concentration/ejaculate than those obtained in NZW bucks breed. Also, NZW rabbit does had significantly (P≤0.05) higher receptivity percent, litter size at weaning, milk yield and walking behavior percent, and had insignificant higher vulva color score, number of parities and litter size at birth than those recorded in BR breed. Contrary, BR rabbit does had (P≤0.05) higher, body weight after one year, kindling intervals, average kit weight at weaning, sitting behavior percent, and insignificant higher conception rate than those obtained in NZW rabbit does breed. Moreover, the results showed that, NZW rabbit breed had significantly (P≤0.05) lower mortality rate of the youngs than those recorded in BR breed. In relation to adult animals, BR was lower mortality rate than NZW breed. Moreover, the results showed that there was positive correlation between conception rate and most semen characteristics, In contrast there were negative correlations between mortality rate of the young and both female behavioral activities and milk yield. It is concluded that, libido and semen characteristics in BR bucks seems to be better than those recorded by the WNZ bucks. However, productive and reproductive efficiency in NZW does appears to be higher than those obtained from BR breed, under the same managerial conditions.
Progress and challenges in short- to medium-range coupled prediction

CAWCR, Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia; UKMet Office, Exeter, UK; Environmental Modeling Center, NOAA/ NCEP, USA; Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA, Maryland, USA; ECMWF, Reading, UK; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; COAPS, Florida State University, USA; NRL, Monterey, USA; Mercator-Océan, Toulouse, France; Environment Canada, Dartmouth, Canada; Environment Canada, Dorval, Canada
IMPROVEMENTS IN WOLFF’S INEQUALITY FOR DECOMPOSITIONS OF CONE MULTIPLIERS

We obtain mixed norm versions l(L) of an inequality introduced by Wolff in the context of local smoothing for the wave equation. We show that suitable modifications of the original arguments of Laba and Wolff allow to improve in their range of p, both in the original l(L) formulation and also in the stronger l(L), in all dimensions d ≥ 2. As a consequence of the latter we obtain a new L bound for the cone multiplier operator in R, as well as further progress in the boundedness of Bergman projections in tubes over light-cones.
Frequency of Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients of End Stage Renal Disease

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem and it is increasing over time. Cardiovascular disease is a major concern for patients with end stage renal disease, especially those on hemodialysis. It is the leading cause of death among patients with chronic kidney disease, particularly in dialysis population. Methods: We have conducted a cross sectional survey on 81 patients of end stage renal disease presented at nephrology department of Mayo Hospital Lahore. Total duration of study was six months. The collected information was recorded directly through Performa. The duration for collecting information from each patient was 10-15 minutes. Data was entered and analyzed on SPSS-version 21. Results: Out of 81 patients, 56.8% (n = 46) were males and 43.2% (n = 35) were females. Most of the patients in the study were falling in the range of 21-60 years. The mean age was 45.35 with standard deviation of ± 14.16. History of ischemic heart disease in study population was positive in 46 patients in which 52.2% (n = 24) were males and 47.8% (n = 22) were females. Conclusion: The frequency of ischemic heart disease among chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis is observed to be high, but not as much high as observed in previous studies.
Properties of Thermoelectric Nanocomposite Bi2Te3 Layers Prepared by PLD

Some properties of thermoelectric nano-layers prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition from hot pressed Bi2Te3 target are presented. The layers were prepared under various deposition conditions that include the substrate temperature during the deposition and the laser beam density, to study its influence on the quality of the surface. Crystallinity, composition and morphology of the layers are presented. Transport and thermoelectric properties such as electrical resistivity, the Seebeck coefficient, power factor and the thermoelectric figure of merit for the smoothest layers prepared at substrate temperature of 200 °C applying laser beam density 3 Jcm-2 are also given. Nano crystallites observed on the layer’s surface are studied by X-ray Diffraction and by Atomic Force Microscope. The problematic of a new method for a relative thermal conductivity characterization of thin thermoelectric layers and multi-layered structures in nanometre range using a scanning thermal microcsope working in an active constant current mode and the first results are described. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
1 Spotlight masking effect in exogenous orienting

Many experimental results about spatial attention have been explained by assuming the existence of an attentional “spotlight” which can move from one location in visual space to another. Such an account has been recently challenged by findings which show the influence of nonspatial factors in spatial attention. In particular, the so-called “spotlight masking” effect refers to the influence of the probability of occurrence of different stimuli. However, such an effect has only been reported in the case of endogenous (or central) orientation, rather than on exogenous (or peripheral) orienting. In a series of four experiments we present evidence showing that the spotlight masking effect can be obtained with exogenous orienting, only when both stimulus and response probabilities are varied. Besides, the effect can be modulated by voluntary attention. PsycINFO classification: 2346
Abnormal accruals and external financing

In this paper, I analyze the information conveyed by abnormal accruals by examining the conditions where debt and equity investors place a weight on abnormal accrual when deciding to provide a firm with external financing. I find evidence consistent with the debt market containing sophisticated investors that are able to identify when abnormal accruals predict future cash flow. Upon observing abnormal accruals that anticipate future operating cash flow, debt investors withhold capital from firms where abnormal accruals signal that future cash flow is low and extend capital to firms that where abnormal accruals signal that future cash flow is high. Debt investors also place a positive weight on abnormal accruals that reverse, but only when these reversals are due to increases in cash flow realized in the following period. While debt investors appear to rely on abnormal accruals when these accruals are informative, equity investors appear less sophisticated consistent with the literature on earnings management at equity offerings. This paper is based on my dissertation at the University of Pennsylvania. I would like to thank my committee members: Bob Holthausen, Dave Larcker, Scott Richardson, Cathy Schrand (chair), and Joel Waldfogel. I also thank the following for their helpful comments and suggestions: Dan Bens, Brian Bushee, Mary Ellen Carter, Dan Dhaliwal, Joseph Gerakos, Chris Ittner, Sarah McVay, Jonathan Rogers, Tjomme Rusticus, Bill Schwartz, Mark Trombley, Irem Tuna, Rodrigo Verdi, Sarah Zechman, and workshop participants at the University of Arizona, Baruch College, Michigan State University, Northwestern University, Penn State University, the University of Pennsylvania, Purdue University, and the University of Rochester. I am grateful for financial support from the Deloitte & Touche foundation and the University of Arizona. Any remaining errors are my own. Abnormal accruals and external financing
Nanoparticle-Based Contrast Agents for 129Xe HyperCEST NMR and MRI Applications

Spin hyperpolarization techniques have enabled important advancements in preclinical and clinical MRI applications to overcome the intrinsic low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. Functionalized xenon biosensors represent one of these approaches. They combine two amplification strategies, namely, spin exchange optical pumping (SEOP) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). The latter one requires host structures that reversibly bind the hyperpolarized noble gas. Different nanoparticle approaches have been implemented and have enabled molecular MRI with 129Xe at unprecedented sensitivity. This review gives an overview of the Xe biosensor concept, particularly how different nanoparticles address various critical aspects of gas binding and exchange, spectral dispersion for multiplexing, and targeted reporter delivery. As this concept is emerging into preclinical applications, comprehensive sensor design will be indispensable in translating the outstanding sensitivity potential into biomedical molecular imaging applications.
Amplitude Amplification Factor of Bi-chromatic Waves Propagation in Hydrodynamic Laboratories

This paper focuses on peaking and splitting phenomena of waves, in order to support hydrodynamic laboratory activities for generating waves which have large amplitude and are very steep but do not break during their propagation in the wave tank. Such waves, called extreme waves or giant waves, will be used to test oceanic objects, like ships and marine structures, before they operate in real condition. The previous study shows that nonlinear effects will deform the initial wave and may lead to large waves with height larger than twice as high as the original input; the deformation is followed by peaking and splitting phenomena. It is interesting to understand and quantify the nonlinear effects; it is also interesting to know at which location in the wave tank, the extreme position, the waves will achieve their maximum amplitude and how high the magnitude of the amplitude at this position. As in the previous research, a quantity that can be used to investigate these phenomena is Maximal Temporal Amplitude (MTA). MTA can be used to measure the maximum amplitude amplification of the wave elevation at each location during the observation time. It is known that an explicit expression of the MTA can not be found in the general form of the governing equations (the full Euler equations with the exact kinematic and dynamic free surface conditions) and generating signals. Simplified models, like Boussinesq, Korteweg de Vries (KdV) and Non Linear Schrodinger (NLS) type of equations which have in common that the fluid motion in the layer is approximated to arrive at equations at the free surface alone are considered. By using the third order approximation of KdV (TOA-KdV) or Boussinesq (TOA-Bouss) and MTA, it is obtained a formula that can be used to predict the extreme position. Furthermore, the fifth order approximation of KdV (FOA-KdV) and MTA is used to investigate the amplitude amplification, and the order of amplitude amplification factor (AAF ) is obtained. The AAF here is the ratio of the amplitude at maximum location to the initial amplitude. However, the AAF which is calculated using FOA-KdV does not match the experimental results. Therefore, in this paper we use Boussinesq model with full dispersion and the same method and procedure with the previous research. Furthermore, we verify our theoretical results using analytical and numerical as well as experimental results.
DISTANCE LANGUAGE LEARNING: STUDENTS’ VIEWS OF CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

This paper reports the findings from the first stage qualitative data analysis of a longitudinal study investigating factors that affect students’ achievement in a distance learning English writing course. Data were collected from mandatory self-report questions embedded in questionnaires that were distributed by post and an online survey. The participants included 164 students studying in the English Department of an open university in Indonesia 1 . The participants were asked to identify the challenges they encountered during their learning on the first of four writing courses. They were also asked to identify possible solutions to the challenges. Their responses were analysed using NVivo version 10 and the responses were then coded and grouped into themes. An emerging area related to student expectation was identified. To reduce biases of the researcher, two randomly selected samples of the responses were reviewed through a double-blind review. The findings show that the challenges fell into three categories: academic, technical, and personal issues. Similarly, solutions consisted of the same three issues. Meanwhile, student expectations focused on academic and technical issues.
U.S. INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION

Productivity differences across countries and industries play a major role in explaining international trade. But, what is behind these productivity differences? This paper finds that labor with post-secondary education and especially labor with an equivalent of an Associate’s degree is the main determinant of productivity because it enables technology adoption. I use a variant of the principal component analysis called Singular Value Decomposition to break down productivity differences into countryand industry-specific components. This approach turns out to be successful empirically, in contrast to the previous evidence on the Heckscher-Ohlin model. I consider several candidates to match principal countryindustry-specific components of productivity: physical capital, labor with various levels of education, and institutions. I find that labor with tertiary education is the best match. Analysis of the data on foreign technology licensing also leads to the conclusion that it is educated labor rather than institutions that is the main cause of productivity differences. Evidence on occupations and technology licensing shows that the main function of labor with tertiary education is to enable technology adoption. Based on this evidence, I develop a model in which comparative advantage is endogenous and technology adoption is driven by highly educated labor. I show that this model does a good job explaining comparative advantages. JEL codes: F1, J24, I2, O4
Renal effects of propolis and malic acid in Aluminium Exposed Male Rats

Received: 5 December, 2013 Accepted: 24 December, 2013 Published: 20 January, 2014 The comparative effect of propolis and malic acid in reducing the effects of oral Aluminium chloride administration on kidney functions of adult male rats were studied. Forty adult male rats were divided randomly into four equal groups ; first group was a control group (C group) ;animals of 2 group received AlCl3 (50 mg /kg body weight) (AL group), animals of 3 group received wAlCl3 (50 mg /kg body weight)+ propolis (50 mg /kg body weight) (ALP group) ; the animals of the 4 group administered with AlCl3 (50 mg /kg body weight) + Malic acid (45 mg /kg body weight) (ALM group). The experiment lasted for 60 days rats of different groups received the above materials through a stomach tube. Results of the present study showed that kidney function parameters were significantly elevated by AlCl3 administration for 60 days. The combination of ALCl3 plus propolis or malic acid reduced this significant elevation to a semi normal values. On the other hand examination of kidney H&E stained sections showed the negative and deleterious effects of Aluminium, these effects were improved in rats received propolis or malic acid. © 2014 PSCI Publisher All rights reserved.
MODELLING OF VISCOUS RESUSPENSION USING A ONE-FIELD DESCRIPTION OF MULTIPHASE FLOWS

To investigate the behaviour of polydisperse suspensions in shear flow, a computational model is developed which includes the descriptions of hindered sedimentation and shear-induced particle migration. The flow of polydisperse suspension is modelled using a one-field description of multiphase flows, which is highly efficient and robust. Mechanisms affecting the transport of solid particles in shear flow are considered and included as closure correlations in the model. The model is applied to predict the distribution of solid particles in simple (homogeneous) shear and pipe flows.
DDDT_A_204411 3785..3798

Yi-Zheng Li 1,2 Yi Jiang 2 Han Lin 1 Xue-Ping Yang 1 1Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Wenzhou Integrated Chinese and Western Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China Background: Post-anesthetic shivering incurs discomfort to patients or even exacerbates their condition. However, no ideal drug has been well established for preventing postanesthetic shivering. Currently, subarachnoid and epidural dexmedetomidine have demonstrated to have an anti-shivering effect. Methods: An electronic search was conducted to identify randomized placebo-controlled trials reporting shivering and then compared subarachnoid and epidural dexmedetomidine with placebo in adults undergoing selective surgery. Data assessment and pooling were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3, STATA 15.0 and GRADE-pro 3.6 software. Results: Twenty-two studies (1389 patients) were subjected to this meta-analysis. The incidence of post-anesthetic shivering decreased from 20.10% in the placebo group to 10.30% in the dexmedetomidine group (RR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.39–0.59; Z=6.86, P<0.00001, I=32%). Non-Indian, epidural-space route and cesarean subgroups indicated a better antishivering effect. In the subarachnoid-space route subgroup, a dosage of >5 μg showed significantly superior anti-shivering effects than that of ≤5 μg. Subarachnoid and epidural dexmedetomidine increased the incidence of bradycardia, had no impact on nausea and vomiting, shortened the onset of block and lengthened the duration of block and analgesia. However, its effect on hypotension and sedation remained uncertain. The overall risk of bias was relatively low. The level of evidence was high, and the recommendation of voting results was strong. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine as a subarachnoid and epidural adjunct drug could decrease the incidence of post-anesthetic shivering in a dose-dependent manner. However, caution should be taken in patients with original bradycardia.
A conserved lysine residue essential for geminivirus replication also controls nuclear localization of the TYLCV Rep protein

Geminiviruses are ssDNA viruses that infect a wide range of plants. To promote viral replication, geminiviruses manipulate the host cell cycle. The viral protein Rep is essential to reprogram the cell cycle and then initiate viral DNA replication by interacting with a plethora of nuclear host factors. Even though many protein domains of Rep have been characterized, little is known about its nuclear targeting. Here, we show that one conserved lysine in the N-terminal part of Rep is pivotal for nuclear localization of Rep from Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) with two other lysines contributing to its nuclear import. Previous work had identified that these residues are essential for Rep from Tomato Golden Mosaic Virus (TGMV) to interact with the E2 SUMO conjugating enzyme (SCE1). We find that mutating these lysines leads to nuclear exclusion of TYLCV Rep without compromising its interaction with SCE1. Moreover, the ability of TYLCV Rep to promote viral DNA replication also depends on this highly conserved lysine independently of its role in nuclear import of Rep. Our data thus reveal that this lysine potentially has a broad role in geminivirus replication, but its role in nuclear import and SCE1-binding apparently differs depending on the Rep protein examined. 3