Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H i CONTENT AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF FIELD GALAXIES FROM THE ALFALFA SURVEY. I. SELECTION OF A CONTROL SAMPLE

We report results from a study of the H i content and stellar properties of nearby galaxies detected by the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA blind 21 cm line survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We consider two declination strips covering a total area of 9 hr × 16 deg in the general direction of the Virgo Cluster. The present analysis focuses on gas-rich galaxies expected to show little or no evidence of interaction with their surroundings. We seek to assemble a control sample suitable for providing absolute measures of the H i content of gaseous objects, as well as to study the relationship between H i emission and widely used optical measures of morphology. From a database which includes more than 15,000 H i detections, we have assembled three samples that could provide adequate H i standards. The most reliable results are obtained with a sample of 5647 sources found in low-density environments, as defined by a nearest neighbor approach. The other two samples contain several hundred relatively isolated galaxies each, as determined from standard isolation algorithms based either on a combination of spectroscopic and photometric information or solely on photometric data. We find that isolated objects are not particularly gas-rich compared to their low-density-environment counterparts, while they suffer from selection bias and span a smaller dynamic range. All this makes them less suitable for defining a reference for H i content. We have explored the optical morphology of gaseous galaxies in quiet environments, finding that, within the volume surveyed, the vast majority of them display unequivocal late-type galaxy features. In contrast, bona fide gas-rich early-type systems account only for a negligible fraction of the 21 cm detections. We argue that H i emission provides the most reliable way to determine the morphological population to which a galaxy belongs. We have also observed that the color distribution of flux-limited samples of optically selected field H i emitters does not vary significantly with increasing distance, while that of non-detections becomes notably redder. This result suggests that the colors and H i masses of gas-rich galaxies cannot be very closely related.
Fifth-Grade Instrumentalists' Descriptions of Music

The purpose of this study was to investigate how elementary-aged students with instrumental experience listen to unfamiliar music. My two research questions were: how do elementary instrumentalists categorize unfamiliar music? and, how much attention do students give discrete musical elements (e.g. tempo, instrumentation, and dynamics) as compared to global musical characteristics (e.g. style. genre, and affect) when describing music? The participants were fifth-grade students who had played in the school band or orchestra for at least one year. After listening to fifteen short musical examples, the participants wrote descriptions of the music, sorted the examples into groups, and explained their sorting strategies. Four categories of descriptors emerged: Elemental Music Descriptors, Extramusical Associative Descriptors, Affective Descriptors, and Other Descriptors. The participants used elemental musical terms most often, yet also included a substantial number of extramusical associations and affective descriptors. The extramusical associations were often based on personal experiences particular to each participant and encompassed four recurring sub-themes common to many of the participants. Implications of this study for future research include evaluating how students actually listen to music, using their own words, to provide a more complete understanding of their musical experiences. Instead of teaching music analytically and piecemeal, music educators could honor all the categories of responses children have to music. Music listening instruction could facilitate more meaningful listening experiences in the classroom by adapting music instruction to involve associative and affective responses along with elemental musical descriptors. Instead of exercises in repeating memorized musical terms, music listening experiences may be investigated as opportunities for creative and critical thought.
Search and Neutralize Factors (CSPGs) that Induce Decline in Transmission to Motoneurons from Spared Fibers after Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract : During the 3-years of Grant period plus 6-month no-cost extension we have accomplished all specific aims of the proposal and published six papers in highly rated scientific Journals. Briefly, we have conducted single-cell electrophysiological examination of individual CSPGs, i.e. inhibitory molecules which levels are up-regulated around glial scar after SCI. These experiments identified that NG2, but not other CSPGs, blocked axonal conduction. Then we demonstrated that monoclonal NG2-Antibody delivered via osmotic mini-pump can neutralize NG2-induced blockade of axonal conduction, in addition to improving axonal regeneration after SCI. As a result, SCI animals that received treatment with NG2-Ab secreted from minipump exhibited improved transmission and retrograde transport of anatomical tracer; this was associated with improved locomotor function revealed by a battery of behavioral tests. Moreover, in order to deliver NG2-Ab in less invasive method, during the last stage of the Proposal we have created the entirely novel construct, AAV-NG2-Ab, for AAV viral vector-based transgene delivery of NG2-Ab. Current experiments prove that this could be novel and effective gene therapy for SCI.
INTEGRAL-FIELD STELLAR AND IONIZED GAS KINEMATICS OF PECULIAR VIRGO CLUSTER SPIRAL GALAXIES

We present the stellar and ionized gas kinematics of 13 bright peculiar Virgo cluster galaxies observed with the DensePak Integral Field Unit at the WIYN 3.5 m telescope in order to look for kinematic evidence that these galaxies have experienced gravitational interactions or gas stripping. Two-dimensional maps of the stellar velocity V, stellar velocity dispersion σ, and the ionized gas velocity (Hβ and/or [O iii]) are presented for the galaxies in the sample. The stellar rotation curves and velocity dispersion profiles are determined for 13 galaxies, and the ionized gas rotation curves are determined for 6 galaxies. Misalignments between the optical and kinematical major axes are found in several galaxies. While in some cases this is due to a bar, in other cases it seems to be associated with gravitational interaction or ongoing ram pressure stripping. Non-circular gas motions are found in nine galaxies, with various causes including bars, nuclear outflows, or gravitational disturbances. Several galaxies have signatures of kinematically distinct stellar components, which are likely signatures of accretion or mergers. For all of our galaxies, we compute the angular momentum parameter λR. An evaluation of the galaxies in the λR ellipticity plane shows that all but two of the galaxies have significant support from random stellar motions, and have likely experienced gravitational interactions. This includes some galaxies with very small bulges and truncated/compact Hα morphologies, indicating that such galaxies cannot be fully explained by simple ram pressure stripping, but must have had significant gravitational encounters. Most of the sample galaxies show evidence for ICM-ISM stripping as well as gravitational interactions, indicating that the evolution of a significant fraction of cluster galaxies is likely strongly impacted by both effects.
Beyond Better Wine: The Impact of Experiential and Monetary Value on Wine Tourists’ Loyalty Intentions

Research on the experiential aspects of wine tourism has been advocated but the evolution of this approach in this field is still in its infancy. This exploratory study proposes a behavioral model to simultaneously examine the role of hedonic and utilitarian shopping value as well as monetary value perceptions in predicting cellar door visitors’ overall satisfaction and loyalty intentions. The application of partial least squares path modeling indicates that cellar door visitors are oriented toward the experiential aspects of the visit itself as much as to pragmatic considerations in purchasing wine. The insights are, therefore, directed toward the creation of a total cellar door experience. These findings contribute to the understanding of a cellar door visitors’ decision-making process, providing managers and researchers with insights into how to effectively accommodate cellar door visitors’ needs.
Research Activities in Internationalized Medium Sized Firms: A Productive Centricity

This study focuses on Internationalised Medium-Sized Firms (IMSFs) that belong to the sectors of mechanics and electronics, and operate in dynamic international business markets. This work aims to investigate how international competitive strategies are based and maybe in some cases actually heavily dependent on the capacity to form and enhance skills in design, engineering and production activities, and on the propensity to invest more resources in R&D activities as well as in activities that are more strictly speaking production based (manufacturing). This study highlights different approaches to innovation processes in the same or in different plants of the IMSFs analysed. Our research approach is inductive and deductive, which means our aim is directed towards theory building through the original use of existing theory from both international managerial literature and empirical analysis. Overall, this study provides a unique contribution in terms of both theoretical development and managerial implications by investigating the two activities (operations and R&D activities) with the aspects of global development.
Resveratrol enhances exercise training for high running performance

High Capacity Runner endurance running cap resveratrol supplementa of resveratrol is also de training and/or resverat formance and strength the AMP-activated prote in mitochondrial fission nificantly induce damag tion altered the conten and SIRT4 could sugges that resveratrol supple SIRT1-PGC-1a pathway
The development of simulation model of carrier injection in quantum dot laser system

The development simulation model of quantum dot (QD) laser is performed based upon rate equations for the carriers and photons in energy states. The rate equation is solved by using Matlab, Runge-Kutta method. In this paper shown that by increasing carrier injection to the active medium of laser, switching-on and stability time of the system would decrease while output power at peak and stationary will be increased. Indirect (non-instantaneous) carrier injection into QD is an essential component of our model and it describes the actual situation for QD laser.
Imprints of galaxy evolution on H II regions - Memory of the past uncovered by the CALIFA survey

Context. H II regions in galaxies are the sites of star formation, so they are special places for understanding the build-up of stellar mass in the universe. The line ratios of this ionized gas are frequently used to characterize the ionization conditions. In particular, the oxygen abundances are assumed to trace the chemical enrichment of galaxies. Aims. We explore the connections between the ionization conditions and the properties of the overall underlying stellar population (ionizing or not-ionizing) in H II regions, in order to uncover the actual physical connection between them. Methods. We use the H II regions catalog from the CALIFA survey, which is the largest in existence with more than 5000 H II regions, to explore their distribution across the classical [O III] lambda 5007/H beta vs. [N II] lambda 6583/H alpha diagnostic diagram, and the way it depends on the oxygen abundance, ionization parameter, electron density, and dust attenuation. The location of H II regions within this diagram is compared with predictions from photoionization models. Finally, we explore the dependence of the location within the diagnostic diagram on the properties of the host galaxies, the galactocentric distances, and the properties of the underlying stellar population. Results. The H II regions with weaker ionization strengths and more metal-rich are located in the bottom righthand area of the diagram. In contrast, those regions with stronger ionization strengths and more metal poor are located in the upper lefthand end of the diagram. Photoionization models per se do not predict these correlations between the parameters and the line ratios. The H II regions located in earlier-type galaxies, closer to the center and formed in older and more metal-rich regions of the galaxies are located in the bottom-right area of the diagram. On the other hand, those regions located in late-type galaxies in the outer regions of the disks and formed on younger and more metal-poor regions lie in the top lefthand area of the diagram. The two explored line ratios show strong correlations with the age and metallicity of the underlying stellar population. Conclusions. These results indicate that although H II regions are short-lived events, they are affected by the total underlying stellar population. One may say that H II regions keep a memory of the stellar evolution and chemical enrichment that have left an imprint on both the ionizing stellar population and the ionized gas.
The effect of board size and composition on bank efficiency

This paper analyses the relationship between board structure, in terms of board size and composition, and bank performance in terms of both cost and profit efficiency. Unlike previous studies, the present analysis is carried out within a stochastic frontier framework, while we use a suitable econometric model to solve the well-known endogeneity problem in corporate governance literature. The empirical framework is applied to a panel of large European banks operating during the period 2002-2008. The paper documents a negative correlation between board size, on the one hand, and cost and profit efficiency, on the other hand, while also casts doubt on the conventional regulatory wisdom favouring boards dominated by non-executive directors. Smaller board structures are also associated with better bank efficiency through better management of credit risk. Moreover, we find that dual board systems enhance efficiency, by contrast to increased ownership concentration which seems to exert an insignificant influence. Finally, we identify a positive impact of market discipline upon bank efficiency and report a negative association between bank efficiency and augmented supervisory power as well as foreign ownership.
Finite element analysis of composite high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels

Composite pressure vessels (CPV) are used for large commercial and industrial applications such as softening, filtration and storage. It is expected that composite high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels will be widely used in hydrogen fueled vehicles. Progressive failure properties, the burst pressure and fatigue lifetime should be taken into account in design of composite pressure vessels. In this study, the design of composite hydrogen storage vessels based on "unit load method" along with complete structural analysis and evaluation of fatigue lifetime are performed using finite element commercial code ABAQUS. "Unit load method" covers many of the weaknesses of traditional methods and carries out more detailed design using many factors that composite materials provide for designer. The obtained FEM results are compared with experimental ones and a good agreement between them is noticed. By increasing the vessel pressure acceptable and appropriate behavior is observed in strain-pressure curves. As a result, the proposed method can be implemented with acceptable confidence and less cost for comprehensive design of composite high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels.
MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF 3C 454.3. II. THE AGILE 2007 DECEMBER CAMPAIGN

We report on the second Astrorivelatore Gamma a Immagini Leggero (AGILE) multiwavelength campaign of the blazar 3C 454.3 during the first half of 2007 December. This campaign involved AGILE, Spitzer, Swift, Suzaku, the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) consortium, the Rapid Eye Mount (REM), and the Multicolor Imaging Telescopes for Survey and Monstrous Explosions (MITSuME) telescopes, offering a broadband coverage that allowed for a simultaneous sampling of the synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) emissions. The two-week AGILE monitoring was accompanied by radio to optical monitoring by WEBT and REM, and by sparse observations in mid-infrared and soft/hard X-ray energy bands performed by means of Target of Opportunity observations by Spitzer, Swift, and Suzaku, respectively. The source was detected with an average flux of ∼250 × 10−8 photons cm−2 s−1 above 100 MeV, typical of its flaring states. The simultaneous optical and γ-ray monitoring allowed us to study the time lag associated with the variability in the two energy bands, resulting in a possible ≲one-day delay of the γ-ray emission with respect to the optical one. From the simultaneous optical and γ-ray fast flare detected on December 12, we can constrain the delay between the γ-ray and optical emissions within 12 hr. Moreover, we obtain three spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with simultaneous data for 2007 December 5, 13, and 15, characterized by the widest multifrequency coverage. We found that a model with an external Compton on seed photons by a standard disk and reprocessed by the broad-line regions does not describe in a satisfactory way the SEDs of 2007 December 5, 13, and 15. An additional contribution, possibly from the hot corona with T = 106 K surrounding the jet, is required to account simultaneously for the softness of the synchrotron and the hardness of the IC emissions during those epochs.
Does Making Specific Investments Unobservable Boost Investment Incentives?

Standard theory predicts that holdup can be alleviated by making specific investments unobservable; private information creates an informational rent that boosts investment incentives. Empirical findings, however, indicate that holdup is attenuated by fairness and reciprocity motivations. Private information may interfere with these, as it becomes impossible to observe whether the investor behaved fair or not. In that way unobservability could crowd out an informal fairness/reciprocity mechanism in place. This paper reports on an experiment to investigate this issue empirically. Our results are in line with standard predictions when there is limited scope for social preferences. But with sufficient scope for these motivational factors, unobservability does not boost specific investments.
A Psychometric Evaluation of 4-Point and 6-Point Likert-Type Scales in Relation to Reliability and Validity

Reliability and validity of 4-point and 6-point scales were assessed using a new model-based ap proach to fit empirical data. Different measurement models were fit by confirmatory factor analyses of a multitrait-multimethod covariance matrix. 165 gradu ate students responded to nine items measuring three quantitative attitudes. Separation of method from trait variance led to greater reduction of reliability and heterotrait-monomethod coefficients for the 6-point scale than for the 4-point scale. Criterion-related valid ity was not affected by the number of scale points. The issue of selecting 4- versus 6-point scales may not be generally resolvable, but may rather depend on the empirical setting. Response conditions theorized to in fluence the use of scale options are discussed to pro vide directions for further research. Index terms: Likert-type scales, multitrait-multimethod matrix, reli ability, scale options, validity.
Far-infrared Herschel SPIRE spectroscopy of lensed starbursts reveals physical conditions of ionized gas

The most intensively star-forming galaxies are extremely luminous at far-infrared (FIR) wavelengths, highly obscured at optical and ultraviolet wavelengths, and lie at z ≥ 1–3. We present a programme of FIR spectroscopic observations with the SPIRE FTS, as well as photometric observations with PACS, both on board Herschel, towards a sample of 45 gravitationally lensed, dusty starbursts across z ∼ 1–3.6. In total, we detected 27 individual lines down to 3 σ, including nine [CII] 158 μm lines with confirmed spectroscopic redshifts, five possible [CII] lines consistent with their FIR photometric redshifts, and in some individual sources a few [O III] 88 μm, [O III] 52 μm, [O I] 145 μm, [O I] 63 μm, [N II] 122 μm and OH 119 μm (in absorption) lines. To derive the typical physical properties of the gas in the sample, we stack all spectra weighted by their intrinsic luminosity and by their 500μm flux densities, with the spectra scaled to a common redshift. In the stacked spectra, we detect emission lines of [CII] 158 μm, [N II] 122 μm, [O III] 88 μm, [O III] 52 μm, [O I] 63 μm and the absorption doublet of OH at 119 μm, at high fidelity. We find that the average electron densities traced by the [N II] and [O III] lines are higher than the average values in local star-forming galaxies and ULIRGs, using the same tracers. From the [N II]/[CII] and [O I]/[CII] ratios, we find that the [CII] emission is likely dominated by the photodominated regions (PDR), instead of by ionized gas or large-scale shocks.
Seroprevalence and risk factors of sheep toxoplasmosis in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Les echantillons seriques de 711 ovins issus de 109 fermes de l'etat de Minas Gerais, Bresil, ont ete analyses afin de determiner la seroprevalence de Toxoplasma gondii par ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) et immunofluorescence indirecte (IFI). Les seroprevalences obtenues ont ete de 31.1 % par ELISA et de 43.2 % par IFI. Parmi les serums positifs en ELISA, 19 % des prelevements contenaient des IgG de faible avidite ce qui suggere une phase recente de toxoplasmose dans l'etat de Minas Gerais. L'âge, le sexe, la race, l'origine geographique des animaux et d'autres variables liees aux modalites d'infection par T. gondii ont ete analyses en tant que facteurs de risque de la toxoplasmose mais l'âge seulement est apparu significativement associe a cette maladie parasitaire, les animaux les plus âges (de plus de 36 mois) etant plus souvent infectes que les plus jeunes (OR = 1.45, IC 95 %: 1.20 - 1.74).
AN INTERFACE REGION IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH FIRST VIEW ON SOLAR SPICULES

Solar spicules have eluded modelers and observers for decades. Since the discovery of the more energetic type II, spicules have become a heated topic but their contribution to the energy balance of the low solar atmosphere remains unknown. Here we give a first glimpse of what quiet-Sun spicules look like when observed with NASA's recently launched Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). Using IRIS spectra and filtergrams that sample the chromosphere and transition region, we compare the properties and evolution of spicules as observed in a coordinated campaign with Hinode and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly. Our IRIS observations allow us to follow the thermal evolution of type II spicules and finally confirm that the fading of Ca ii H spicules appears to be caused by rapid heating to higher temperatures. The IRIS spicules do not fade but continue evolving, reaching higher and falling back down after 500–800 s. Ca ii H type II spicules are thus the initial stages of violent and hotter events that mostly remain invisible in Ca ii H filtergrams. These events have very different properties from type I spicules, which show lower velocities and no fading from chromospheric passbands. The IRIS spectra of spicules show the same signature as their proposed disk counterparts, reinforcing earlier work. Spectroheliograms from spectral rasters also confirm that quiet-Sun spicules originate in bushes from the magnetic network. Our results suggest that type II spicules are indeed the site of vigorous heating (to at least transition region temperatures) along extensive parts of the upward moving spicular plasma.