Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Magellan-Antarctic Connection: links and frontiers at southern high latitudes. Summary review

Eight years of research in the Magellan region and Antarctic marine ecosystems have passed since the first IBMANT Symposium held in Punta Arenas in 1997 (Arntz and Ríos, 1999). Considerable biogeographic and biodiversity work, supported by physiological and molecular genetic approaches, has been published during this time, especially in the Antarctic, much of it in the framework of SCAR’s EASIZ and EVOLANTA programmes (Di Prisco et al., 1998; Davison et al., 2000; Arntz and Clarke, 2002; Huiskes et al., 2003; Clarke et al., subm.), and recently by research extending into the deep sea (Brandt and Hilbig, 2004). Marine science in the Magellan region, which had received important stimuli from the “Victor Hensen” and “Vidal Gormaz” campaigns in the previous period (Arntz and Gorny, 1996; CONA, 1999 a, b), was advanced rather by individual approaches such as the decapod and fish work carried out by the CADIC and colleagues from Ushuaia (e.g. Lovrich et al., 2003; Fernández et al., 2000) but also received further input from CIMAR Fiordo cruises nos. 3, 4, and 7 between 1997 and 2001, and the “LAMPOS” cruise of RV “Polarstern” along the Scotia Arc (CONA, 1999 a, b; Arntz and Brey, 2003). Despite all these efforts, and a wealth of information presented and discussed during the Ushuaia IBMANT II Symposium, it is obvious that important gaps remain and a number of basic questions may not be solved in the immediate future (see Editorial to this volume). Among these are issues to be solved by geologists, palaeontologists and oceanographers, such as the exact timing of the final ocean gateway opening and the onset of a vigorous circum-Antarctic current system (Barker and Burrell, 1977; Barker and Thomas, 2004; Mackensen, 2004; Thomson*). Furthermore, the use of molecular approaches for the timing of biogeographic, radiation and extinction events has by no means been further advanced: depending on the method applied the results may differ by several million years (Hillis et al., 1996). Thus, while it is hard to imagine how we can reach, at least in the short term, the intended close correlation between revolutionary changes in the polar environment and important biological processes, the only possible way out is close cooperation between disciplines, as is intended for the upcoming International Polar Year. In the following an attempt is made to briefly summarise some of the results presented in this second IBMANT volume. They contribute to, and to some extent complement, the major issues and questions presented in the Foreword, and may therefore be seen as an updating of knowledge on biological interactions between the Magellan region and the Antarctic. A traditional view is to see the Antarctic as an ecosystem that is almost perfectly isolated by deep SCI. MAR., 69 (Suppl. 2): 359-365 SCIENTIA MARINA 2005
Biogenic fluxes in the Bransfield Strait: planktonic versus macroalgal sources

F l u e s of organic carbon and nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll pigments, carbohydrates, amino acids and amino sugars were determined for a depth-series sediment trap exper~ment in Novernber/December 1983 in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula. Absolute and/or relative increases of phosphorus, glucose and chlorophyll b fluxes and decrease of p-alanine flux with depth suggest a second source of sedimenting organic material besides plankton. This is identified as originating from shallow water macroalgae. Quantification of this contribution shows increases from 37 % at 539 m to 71 % at 1835 m. Cornpanson of corrected planktonic f l u e s with values predicted by the empirical equation of Suess (1980) are in good agreement. Examination of carbohydrate spectra from Bransfield Strait surface sediments shows a macroalgal imprint to be present.
Principles of ecological restoration of boreal forested ecosystems: Finland as an example

The degree of past and present human infl uence varies considerably in different parts of the circumboreal forest zone. Almost natural boreal forest dynamics still prevail over considerable areas in many regions of northern Canada and Russia. On the other hand, in regions like the southern parts of Scandinavian countries, forest ecosystems have been fundamentally altered by past utilization and are now almost totally regulated by management. In these ecosystems, natural disturbances only play a minor role in forest structure and dynamics. For example, in southern Finland this is the case not only in managed forests, but also in many protected areas that have a long history of extensive utilization (Working group . 2000). This constitutes a problem for conservation, since in addition to the small area of protected forest, the value of reserves as a habitat for naturally occurring species has also been reduced because of habitat degradation. In this situation ecosystem restoration can be used to accelerate the formation of structural and habitat features resembling those of natural forests in order to enhance the conservation function of both protected and managed forests. It is evident that in areas that have been strongly affected by past and present forest utilization, including southern Finland, extensive restoration of both managed and protected forest ecosystems is needed if we want to bring these ecosystems closer to their natural level of biological diversity (Working group . 2000). In 1999, the Ministry of Environment commissioned a working group to evaluate the current state of forest protection in southern Finland. The commission report (Working group . 2000) lists a number of measures that should be taken to improve the protection situation. The recommendations include: 1) additional conservation of poorly represented forest types, such as herbrich forests and spruce mires, 2) restoration of forests both within protected areas and managed forests surrounding them, 3) formation of larger conservation networks around the existing core
Phycoerythrins in the southern tropical and equatorial Pacific Ocean: Evidence for new cyanobacterial types

Quantitative and qualitative investigations of phycoerythrin s (PE) were achieved in the central southern tropical and equatorial Pacific during the Flux dans l'ouest du Paci- tique equatorial (FLUPAC: September-October 1994) and Oligotrophie en Pacifique (OLIPAC: November 1994) cruises. We observed mainly high-phycourobilin (PUB) PE related to small Synechococcus spp. (0.6-l .4 urn). This PE was characterized by fluorescence excitation peaks at 496 and 550 nm in 50% glycerol. Highest concentrations (0.1-0.2 ug L-l) were recorded either in the mixed layer (nutrient-enriched area) or at depth in the vicinity of the 0.1 uM NO,- isopleth (oligotrophic waters). Maximum abundance of Synechococcus did not exceed 3 1 x 103 cell mL-t . No subpopulations of Synechococcus were evidenced by flow cytometry. Nevertheless, in a few samples, two new PE spectral types were observed. The first type was a high-PUB PE with two fluorescence excitation peaks at 494 and 564 nm. It appears to be attributable to nonmotile round cells, 2-3 urn in size and easily detected by flow cytometry, likely cyanobacteria. They were only observed in very oligotrophic waters south of 15"3O'S along 15O"W in the top 60 m. In this area, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia were undetectable above 120 m, while phosphate was always recorded. This suggests that these larger cyano- bacteria may fix dinitrogen (N2) to supply their growth and therefore possibly play a signi- ficant role in oceanic new production. The second type, a high-phycoeryt hrobilin (PEB) PE was observed in three samples obtained at or near the equator. It displayed two fluorescence excitation peaks at 496 and 536 nm. The organisms that contained this PE type were not identified. These data suggest that PE is more diverse in oceanic waters than was previously assumed.
Facebook Face-ism: Perception of Competency in Social Media Profile Images and its Relationship to Gender

4 Introduction 5 Rationale 6 Literature Review 7 Gender Stereotypes 8 Face-ism Defined 11 Consequences of Gendered Face-ism 13 Face-ism and Competency Levels 15 Self-Presented Face-ism Through Online Social Media 17 Hypotheses 18 Methods 19 Pre-Tests 19 Experimental Design 19 Survey 20 Statistical Analysis 21 Results 22 H1 – Perceived Competency and Face-ism 22 H2 – Gender of the Image 23 H3 – Gender of the Respondent 23 Discussion 24 Limitations 28 Future Areas of Research 29 References 31 Appendix A: Survey (figures 1 and 2) 34 Appendix B: Tables 37
Analysis of seasonal changes in reproductive organs from Icelandic harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena )

In this study, we analyse some aspects of the macro- and microscopical appearance of gonads of harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena ) from Icelandic coastal waters. Sampling of animals bycaught in gillnets took place in the years 1991 to 1997 and covered the months from September to June. The differences in diameter of seminiferous tubules between samples from the peripheral and central parts of the testis indicate that histological changes associated with maturity begin in the core of the testis. The average tubule diameter was 49, 78 and 118 μm in immature, pubertal and mature animals respectively. The tubule size increased from 55 to 95 μm, coinciding with combined testis weight of 75 to 150 g, indicating the onset of puberty within this range of tubule size and testis weight. The estimated average diameter of tubules when an animal reaches maturity is 82.2 μm or 86.15 μm depending on the method used. The diameter of seminiferous tubules of mature and pubertal animals varies seasonally with a steady increase in the spring. However, lack of samples after mid-June makes estimation of the exact timing of mating impossible. In females, the follicle size of mature and immature animals of age 2 years and older shows seasonal variation, increasing in late winter or spring. The corpus luteum increases in size during the late pregnancy. The average size of the corpus albicans as a function of the total number of corpora albicantia for each animal, diminishes following the logarithmic equation y = 4.49 – 0.447 · lnx (y = corpus size, x = number of corpora albicantia) but apparently they never disappear completely from the ovary. Ovarian activity was almost confined to the left ovary. Our results indicate parturition and copulation in the summer months from late June to August.
Literasi Media Pada Mahasiswa Prodi Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Mulawarman

Abstrak Relasi remaja dengan media massa telah menjadi persoalan yang problematik. Di satu sisi media adalah sarana transformasi ide, nilai, norma, dan transformasi mental ke arah penyadaran, pencerahan, dan kemajuan kehidupan. Namun disisi lain media massa menularkan pengaruh buruk yang mendegradasi format kemanusiaan dan kemampuan berpikir remaja. Dampak buruk media massa tersebut, melahirkan gagasan yang disebut media literacy. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tahapan literasi media di kalangan 9 remaja Prodi Ilmu Komunikasi FISIP Universitas Mulawarman. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara semistruktur dan observasi sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumentasi dan literature. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Dari hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa literasi media di kalangan 9 remaja Prodi Ilmu Komunikasi Angkatan 2014 adalah berada pada tahapan awal. Pada tahap ini audiens memiliki kemampuan berupa pengenalan media, terutama efek positif dan negatif yang potensial diberikan oleh media.
The Nonexistence of Noncompact Type-I Ancient 3-d $\kappa$-Solutions of Ricci Flow with Positive Curvature

In this short paper, we show there do not exist three-dimensional noncompact $\kappa$-solutions of Ricci flow that have positive curvature and satisfy a Type-I bound. This represents progress towards the proof of Perelman's conjecture that the only complete noncompact three-dimensional $\kappa$-solution with positive curvature is the Bryant soliton.
Pitch Controller Design of Wind Turbine Based on Nonlinear PI/PD Control

This paper analyzed and discussed the nonlinear PI/PD control for wind energy conversion system (WECS) pitch controller design. The nonlinear PI/PD controller consists of a classical PI/PD controller and a nonlinear gain table. In this paper, the detailed design procedures of the controller including not only the selection of control parameters but also the formulation of nonlinear gain table were given. In order to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the algorithm, a detailed 2 MW simulation test platform based on MATLAB/SIMULINK environment was established. Meanwhile, some valuable conclusions were also obtained. The presented contents of this article have the reference value and guiding significance for practical engineering application.
CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT TRAITS IN LENTIL (LENS CULINARIS MEDIK.) GERMPLASM

An investigation was carried out with 80 lentil genotypes with 3 checks in augmented block design, to study correlation among the agronomical yield components and, their direct and indirect effect on seed yield. Correlation studies showed that seed yield per plant showed highly significant and positive correlation with harvest index (0.945), number of pods per plant (0.876), plant height (0.730), number of secondary branches per plant (0.576) and biological yield per plant (0.4930). Significantly inter correlation among traits is useful for breeding programme to improvement of yield and its components. Path analysis identified biological yield per plant (0.638) followed by number of pods per plant (0.286) and harvest index (0.198) as highly desirable components for direct effects on seed yield. The inter-relationship among the characters identified above used in the breeding programme to exploit the yield potential and to develop high yielding improved varieties with ease and target oriented research.
Öğretmenlik Mesleği ve Özellikleri

Insanlar, “ogretmen” kavramina pek cok anlam yukluyorlar. Bazi anlamlar, daha cok, ogretmen rolu oynayan insanlarin duygusal olmayan, dogrusal betimlemelerini ve onlardan yerine getirmeleri beklenen gorevlerin teknik betimlemelerini yansitiyor. Yuklenen diger anlamlar, kendilerini ogretmen olarak adlandiran insanlarin ve onlarin yaptiklari islerin cok daha canli, sicak ve cok boyutlu bir anlayisla ele alinmasina dayaniyor. Anlami- nin zenginligini ve onemini aciga cikarmak icin, kisinin, "ogretmen” kavramini irdelemesi yeterlidir. Son yillarda, ogretmen modeli, giderek artan bir sekilde reformcular ve basin tarafindan, zeki, liberal bir egitim gormus, sosyal hayata onem veren bir profesyonel olarak tanimlanmaktadir. Bu ogretmen modeli, bir ya da daha fazla bilim dalina siki sikiya bagli- dir ve ogrenciler icin bilginin erisilebilir ve faydali olmasi icin zekice calisir. Bu tip ogretmenin olusturdugu imaj, ihtiyaclari, yetenekleri veya kosullari ne olursa olsun, butun og- rencilerin basarili olmasina yardim eden bir insan portresine uymaktadir. Cok aciktir ki, insanlar, ogretmenlerde icerigi aktarma ve ogrencilere beceri kazandirma yeteneklerinden daha fazlasini aramaktadirlar. Ogretmenler, sozleri ve hareketleri yoluyla, aydinlanmis, caliskan, erdemli ve egitimli bir insan olmanin ne anlama geldigini gostermektedirler. Og- retmenler, toplumun bu izlenimi dogrultusunda hem ogrencileri sekillendirmekte hem de kendileri sekillenmektedir
Forecasting Sales: A Model and Some Evidence from the Retail Industry

This paper presents a sales forecasting model and tests the model on a sample of firms in the retail industry. The model distinguishes between sales growth due to an increase in the number of sales-generating units (e.g. opening new stores) and growth due to an increase in the sales rate at the existing units (e.g. the comparable store growth rate). The model accommodates different trends in the sales rates, allowing new stores to earn more or less than existing stores, perhaps because new stores take either a long time to reach maturity or alternatively enjoy an early “fad” status. The model uses only a few years of firm-specific, publicly available information, yet generates in-sample forecast errors of less than two percent of sales, generates out-of-sample forecast errors that are almost as accurate as analyst revenue forecasts and, when used together with analyst forecasts, results in a modified forecast that is significantly more accurate than the analyst forecast alone.
Abundance and production of bacteria, and relationship to phytoplankton production, in a large tropical lake (Lake Tanganyika)

Summary 1. Abundance and bacterial production (BP) of heterotrophic bacteria (HBact) were measured in the north and south basins of Lake Tanganyika, East Africa, during seasonal sampling series between 2002 and 2007. The major objective of the study was to assess whether BP can supplement phytoplankton particulate primary production (particulate PP) in the pelagic waters, and whether BP and particulate PP are related in this large lake. HBact were enumerated in the 0–100 m surface layer by epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry; BP was quantified using 3H-thymidine incorporation, usually in three mixolimnion layers (0–40, 40–60 and 60–100 m). 2. Flow cytometry allowed three subpopulations to be distinguished: low nucleic acid content bacteria (LNA), high nucleic acid content bacteria (HNA) and Synechococcus-like picocyanobacteria (PCya). The proportion of HNA was on average 67% of total bacterial abundance, and tended to increase with depth. HBact abundance was between 1.2 × 105 and 4.8 × 106 cells mL−1, and was maximal in the 0–40 m layer (i.e. roughly, the euphotic layer). Using a single conversion factor of 15 fg C cell−1, estimated from biovolume measurements, average HBact biomass (integrated over a 100-m water column depth) was 1.89 ± 1.05 g C m−2. 3. Significant differences in BP appeared between seasons, especially in the south basin. The range of BP integrated over the 0–100 m layer was 93–735 mg C m−2 day−1, and overlapped with the range of particulate PP (150–1687 mg C m−2 day−1) measured in the same period of time at the same sites. 4. Depth-integrated BP was significantly correlated to particulate PP and chlorophyll-a, and BP in the euphotic layer was on average 25% of PP. 5. These results suggest that HBact contribute substantially to the particulate organic carbon available to consumers in Lake Tanganyika, and that BP may be sustained by phytoplankton-derived organic carbon in the pelagic waters.
THE IMPORTANCE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN BANKING. EVIDENCE FROM THE BANKS LISTED AT BUCHAREST STOCK EXCHANGE

In the context of the financial market volatility and economic competitiveness, corporate governance has become an imperative for improving organizational performance and a strategic instrument for enhancing credibility of stakeholders in companies and institutions. Evidence show that at present, banks continue to have a governance problem, which poses significant risks not just to them, but potentially to the entire economy (Forth, 2012). Corporate governance is essentially important for banks, because such institutions: (a) deal with funds raised from the public; (b) are likely to encounter greater risks including frauds and failure; and (c) if such frauds or failures occur in such institutions, it may pose issues relating to public confidence in the financial system stability itself (Cabraal, 2007, p.3). The purpose of our empitical study is to analyze the corporate governance framework of the banks listed at Bucharest Stock Exchange, in terms of: principles and practices of corporate governance, ownership and board structure, financial reporting, disclosure and transparency of information, business ethics and corporate social responsability. In this regard, we will use a quantitative approach, based upon the Annual Reports from the banks listed at Bucharest Stock Exhange indexed BET-XT. Results of the data regression analysis indicate that efficient corporate governance mechanisms have a positive impact on the financial performance and stock market valuation of the banks listed at Bucharest Stock Exchange. The analysis on financial performance on banks in terms of ROA, ROE and PER, indicates that the price share of Transilvania Bank is the most attractive for investors, with great potential of profit on a long term.
Observations of High-Frequency Internal Waves in the Southern Taiwan Strait

ABSTRACT Bai, X. ; Liu, Z. ; Li, X. ; Chen, Z. ; Hu, J.; Sun, Z. ; and Zhu, J., 2013. Observations of high-frequency internal waves in the southern Taiwan Strait. Based on in situ hydrographic measurements at a station at about 60 m depth near the local shelf break in July 2011 and a satellite image of the sea-surface roughness, we present the evidence of existence and characteristics of high-frequency internal waves (HIWs) in the southern Taiwan Strait. Variations of the thermohaline structure at the observational site were revealed by repeating conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiling measurements of every 2 hours, while fluctuations of the isothermals due to the passage of HIWs were recorded by continuous CTD measurements with a probe positioned approximately in the middle of the pycnocline. A fast sampling frequency of 8 Hz allows the structure of the HIWs to be captured in great detail. The waves were depression waves, with a period of about 6.2 min and an amplitude of about 25 m. The propagation speed of the waves is estimated to be 0.56 m/s by solving the KdV equation with the observed background stratification. The frequent occurrence of HIWs in the Taiwan Strait is evidenced by the analysis of a MODIS true color image of the sea-surface roughness. The possible generation mechanism of the HIWs is discussed based on a MODIS image and the perturbed KdV equation.
Concentrations and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Tea Samples Marketed in IRAN

Summary Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Thus, the chemical components in tea have received great interest because they are related to health. In this study, the concentration of five heavy metals including Al, As, Cu, Hg and Pb were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry on samples collected from Mashhad market. The results showed that the highest (908.30 ± 377.70 µg/g) and the lowest (0.09 ± 0.02 µg/g) amount were related to Al and As, respectively. Generally, metals contents of black tea were found to be higher than those of tea infusions. The percent release of Hg to infusion was 70%, whereas only 2.6% was found for pb. The daily intake of all elements from these tea infusions is within the average daily intake except for Al in some samples. Therefore, it may not produce any health risk for human consumption, if other sources of toxic metals contaminated food are not taken after same time.
A Model of the β-AlFeSi to α-Al(FeMn)Si Transformation in Al-Mg-Si Alloys

During the homogenisation process of Al-Mg-Si extrusion alloys, plate-like � -Al5FeSi particles transform to multiple rounded � - Al12(FeMn)3Si particles. The rate of thistotransformation determines the time which is required to homogenise the aluminium sufficiently for extrusion. In this paper, a finite element approach is presented which model the development of fraction transformed with time, in the beginning of the transformation, as a function of homogenisation temperature, as-cast microstructure and concentration of alloying elements. We treat thetotransformation mathematically as a Stefan problem, where the concentration and the position of the moving boundaries of the � andparticles are determined. For the boundary conditions of the model thermodynamic calculations are used (Thermo-Calc). The influence of several process parameters on the modelled transformed fraction, such as the temperature and initial thickness of theplates, are investigated. Finally the model is validated with experimental data.