Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Narrow Band Total Absorber at Near-Infrared Wavelengths Using Monolayer Graphene and Sub-Wavelength Grating Based on Critical Coupling

Graphene has originally low absorption at telecommunication wavelengths. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome this hurdle to use graphene as an absorption media in many optoelectronic devices. In this paper, a narrow-bandwidth graphene-based total absorber is numerically and theoretically investigated. The proposed structure consists of a graphene sheet on a Si rectangular grating, which is placed on $\mathrm{\text{SiO}}_{{\bf 2}}$ spacer backed with the gold substrate. Due to the absence of plasmonic response of graphene in near infrared wavelengths, the method of critical coupling with guided mode resonance is employed to realize highly efficient absorption of light in the graphene sheet. The simulation results show that the maximum magnitude of absorption reaches near 100% (43-fold enhancement compared to isolated monolayer graphene absorption of 2.3%). Also, based on calculated results, the absorption of the proposed structure can be controlled by altering the geometrical parameters and chemical potential of graphene. In particular, the absorption spectrum is modulated by the external gate voltage. Moreover, we find that the operating wavelength is adjusted flexibly by an incident source angle. As a result, the proposed absorber has high directivity and can act similar to an antenna. The control ability of total absorption in the proposed structure provides potential applications for the realization of ultra-compact and high-performance optoelectronic devices, such as sensors and narrow-band filters.
An Observational Study to Assess the Socioeconomic Status and Demographic Profile of Advanced Cancer Patients Receiving Palliative Care in a Tertiary-Level Cancer Hospital of Eastern India

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) comprises of not just gross income but also educational qualification, financial security and individual perceptions of social status and class. It has been observed that people with low SES have less access and utilization of palliative care services. With this background, this observational study was carried out at SGCCRI to assess and evaluate the SES of patients attending the palliative care department and analyse the major social concerns of patients in the last days of life. Objectives: Assessment of socio- economic status and demographic profile of patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care. Materials and Methods: From May 2017 to October 2017 we assessed the demographic features and socio-economic status of 80 advanced cancer patients receiving palliative care by interviewing them face to face with the help of a self designed social assessment sheet. Results: A total of 80 patients consented to be interviewed with regards to assessment of their socio-economic conditions. Majority were male patients (64%) with the highest percentage in the age group of 60-70years (33%). 38% of the patients interviewed were from rural surroundings. Only 38% of the patients had completed their basic education. Approximately 30% of the patients interviewed had income less than 1lakh/month while majority (>60%) had income in the bracket of 1lakh- 2lakh. In 30% of cases, the patient was the sole earner in the family. Conclusion: It was observed that majority of patients and their family were constrained with regards to financial resources and large percentage of patients had social insecurity with respect to future of family members.
Management of Dumbbell and Paraspinal Tumors of the Thoracic Spine Using a Single‐stage Posterolateral Approach: Case Series

This study investigated the surgical results of a single‐stage posterolateral approach with arc incision, unilateral laminectomy, and costotransversectomy for the management of dumbbell tumors and paraspinal tumors of the thoracic spine. From January 2010 to March 2017, 14 patients with dumbbell tumors or paraspinal tumors of the thoracic spine who underwent resection with single‐stage posterolateral approach were followed up and analyzed retrospectively. The operations were performed using a single‐stage posterolateral approach with arc incision, unilateral laminectomy, and costotransversectomy without any instrumentation. We reviewed the scores of clinical symptoms and imaging results, including postoperative MRI and reconstructed 3D‐CT images. Gross total removal was achieved in 13 patients, and subtotal removal was achieved in 1 case. Histopathology revealed schwannoma in 9 patients, angiolipoma in 1 patient, and paraganglioma and mixed hemangioma in 2 patients each. No significant operative or postoperative complications occurred in any patient. The 14 patients were followed up for 14–68 months (mean 39.4 months). At the final follow‐up, no obvious spinal deformity or tumor recurrence was found in any patient except one with paraganglioma. Single‐stage posterolateral approach is a good alternative surgical method for removing dumbbell tumors and paraspinal tumors of the thoracic spine without necessitating a subsequent anterior operation.
A scorpion venom peptide Ev37 restricts viral late entry by alkalizing acidic organelles

Viral infections still threaten human health all over the world, and many people die from viral diseases every year. However, there are no effective vaccines or drugs for preventing or managing most viral diseases. Thus, the discovery and development of broad-spectrum antiviral agents remain urgent. Here, we expressed and purified a venom peptide, Ev37, from the scorpion Euscorpiops validus in a prokaryotic system. We found that rEv37 can inhibit dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections in a dose-dependent manner at noncytotoxic concentrations, but that it has no effect on Sendai virus (SeV) and adenovirus (AdV) infections in vitro. Furthermore, rEv37 alkalized acidic organelles to prevent low pH–dependent fusion of the viral membrane–endosomal membrane, which mainly blocks the release of the viral genome from the endosome to the cytoplasm and then restricts viral late entry. Taken together, our results indicate that the scorpion venom peptide Ev37 is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent with a specific molecular mechanism against viruses undergoing low pH–dependent fusion activation during entry into host cells. We conclude that Ev37 is a potential candidate for development as an antiviral drug.
MORC2 promotes development of an aggressive colorectal cancer phenotype through inhibition of NDRG1

MORC2 (microrchidia family CW‐type zinc finger 2) is a newly identified chromatin remodeling protein that functions in diverse biological processes including gene transcription. NDRG1 is a metastasis suppressor and a prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between MORC2 and NDRG1 transcriptional regulation and the roles of MORC2 in CRC remain elusive. Here, we showed that MORC2 downregulated NDRG1 mRNA, protein levels, and promoter activity in CRC cells. We also found that MORC2 bound to the −446 to −213 bp region of the NDRG1 promoter. Mechanistically, histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was involved in NDRG1 transcriptional regulation. MORC2 was able to interact with SIRT1 and inhibit NDRG1 promoter activity cumulatively with SIRT1. MORC2 overexpression led to a decrease of H3Ac and H4Ac of the NDRG1 promoter. Importantly, we showed that NDRG1 was essential in MORC2‐mediated promotion of CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as lung metastasis of CRC cells in vivo. Moreover, MORC2 expression correlated negatively with NDRG1 expression in CRC patients. High expression of MORC2 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.019) and poor pTNM stage (P = 0.02) and the expression of MORC2 correlated with poor prognosis in colon cancer patients. Our findings thus contribute to the knowledge of the regulatory mechanism of MORC2 in downregulating NDRG1, and suggest MORC2 as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
Osteosarcoma in patients below 25 years of age: An observational study of incidence, metastasis, treatment and outcomes

Only few systematic and comprehensive studies have focused on osteosarcoma in children and adolescents. In the present study, 3,085 patients with osteosarcoma were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program database. The patients were <25 years of age and diagnosed between 1973 to 2012. A retrospective study was performed to investigate the factors associated with tumor incidence, metastasis, treatment and survival. The results indicated that the incidence of osteosarcoma was higher in male patients compared with female patients. In addition, the incidence rate of osteosarcoma was higher among male and female patients between the ages of 10 and 19. Osteosarcoma located in the chest and pelvic bones was associated with metastatic disease; however, metastasis in two histological types, parosteal and periosteal, was infrequent. Survival analysis revealed the following were associated with poor outcomes: Sex, patients diagnosed between 1973 and 1982, distant metastasis, treatment without surgery or with radiation, a tumor with a poorly differentiated or undifferentiated grade, tumor size ≥100 mm, and a tumor in the pelvic bones. Patient's whose histologic type was parosteal osteosarcoma and whose tumor was located in one of the limbs, or who underwent local or radical excision, exhibited a good survival outcome. Survival outcomes were ranked according to the type of surgery, from best to worst, as follows: Local excision, radical excision, amputation and no surgery. In summary, the incidence of osteosarcoma is higher in male patients compared with female patients. Furthermore, individuals between the ages of 10 and 19 have a higher risk of osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma located in the chest and pelvic bones has a high risk of metastasis. Limb-salvage surgery may be the optimal treatment approach for non-metastatic osteosarcoma.
Delayed Chronotropic Response due to Autonomic Imbalance Presenting as Dyspnea on Early Exertion: A Complication of Bariatric Surgery

Bariatric surgery has shown promising outcomes in improving overall morbidity and mortality in morbidly obese patients. Cardiovascular risk reduction from weight loss is well known in the literature. However, little is highlighted about the cardiovascular complications of massive and rapid weight loss associated with bariatric surgery. These complications result mainly from autonomic imbalance manifesting as increased parasympathetic tone and a decrease in sympathetic response. This imbalance is a consequence of hormonal changes associated with massive weight loss. We present a unique case which is a demonstration of the aforementioned changes. Our patient presented with dyspnea during an early phase of exercise with the resolution of symptoms with the continuation of exercise.
Students’ self-reported fears and the perceived origins thereof

The objective of this study was to explore the five most frequently reported fears in a sample of university students, and investigate the origins of these fears. The study employed a cross-sectional design with convenience sampling. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire and analysed using a combination of descriptive statistics and content analysis. Participants consisted of 544 first-year psychology students. This study identified academic failure, animals, general failure, losing loved ones to death, and violence/crime as the top five fears among a sample of university students. ‘Conditioning experiences’ was one of the most prominent pathways in the acquisition of all these fears. ‘Negative information transmission’ was also a dominant pathway relating to the origin of fear such as academic failure and violence/crime. However, ‘modelling experiences’ was not identified as a prominent pathway in the present study. These findings contribute to identifying the origins of first-year students’ self-reported fears by using the three pathways theory. These findings may contribute meaningfully to the development and implementation of prevention and intervention programmes at higher education institutions.
Using ring‐recovery and within‐season recapture data to estimate fecundity and population growth

Abstract Tag‐recovery data from organisms captured and marked post breeding are commonly used to estimate juvenile and adult survival. If annual fecundity could also be estimated, tagging studies such as European and North American bird‐ringing schemes could provide all parameters needed to estimate population growth. I modified existing tag‐recovery models to allow estimation of annual fecundity using age composition and recapture probabilities obtained during routine banding operations of northern pintails (Anas acuta) and dark‐eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), and I conducted simulations to assess estimator performance in relation to sample size. For pintails, population growth rate from band‐recovery data (λ = 0.93, SD: 0.06) was similar but less precise than count‐based estimates from the Waterfowl Breeding Pair and Habitat Survey (λ: 0.945, SE: 0.001). Models with temporal variation in vital rates indicated that annual population growth in pintails was driven primarily by variation in fecundity. Juncos had lower survival but greater fecundity, and their estimated population growth rate (λ: 1.01, SD: 0.19) was consistent with count‐based surveys (λ: 0.986). Simulations indicated that reliable (CV < 0.10) estimates of fecundity could be obtained with >1,000 within‐season live encounters. Although precision of survival estimates depended primarily on numbers of adult recoveries, estimates of fecundity and population growth were most sensitive to total number of live encounters. Synthesis and applications: Large‐scale ring‐recovery programs could be used to estimate annual fecundity in many species of birds, but the approach requires better data curation, including accurate assessment of age, better reporting of banding totals, and greater emphasis on obtaining and reporting within‐season live encounters.
Parent, patient and clinician perceptions of outcomes during and following neonatal care: a systematic review of qualitative research

Objective Multiple outcomes can be measured in infants that receive neonatal care. It is unknown whether outcomes of importance to parents and patients differ from those of health professionals. Our objective was to systematically map neonatal care outcomes discussed in qualitative research by patients, parents and healthcare professionals and test whether the frequency with which outcomes are discussed differs between groups. Design Systematic review of qualitative literature. The following databases were searched: Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO and ASSIA from 1997 to 2017. Publications describing qualitative data relating to neonatal care outcomes, reported by former patients, parents or healthcare professionals, were included. Narrative text was analysed and outcomes grouped thematically by organ system. Permutation testing was applied to assess an association between the outcomes identified and stakeholder group. Results Sixty-two papers containing the views of over 4100 stakeholders were identified; 146 discrete outcomes were discussed; 58 outcomes related to organ systems and 88 to other more global domains. Permutation testing provides evidence that parents, former patients and health professionals reported outcomes with different frequencies (p=0.037). Conclusions Parents, patients and health professionals focus on different outcomes when discussing their experience of neonatal care. A wide range of neonatal care outcomes are reported in qualitative research; many are global outcomes relating to the overall status of the infant. The views of former patients and parents should be taken into consideration when designing research; the development of a core outcomes set for neonatal research will facilitate this.
Simplified nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis using chlorhexidine and minocycline hydrochloride

Purpose The present study investigated the outcomes of a newly-developed, simple, and practical nonsurgical treatment modality suitable for most forms of intrabony defects around failing dental implants using intrasulcular delivery of chlorhexidine solution and minocycline hydrochloride (HCl). Methods Forty-five dental implants in 20 patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis were included. At baseline and the study endpoint, the probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and the presence of bleeding on probing (BOP) at 6 sites around each implant were recorded. The radiographic osseous defect morphology at the mesial or distal proximal aspect of each implant was classified as 1) narrow or wide and 2) shallow or deep. For a comparative analysis of bone changes according to the defect morphology, the distance from the implant shoulder to the most coronal bone-to-implant contact point (DIB) at the mesial and distal aspects of each implant was measured at baseline and the endpoint. Patients were scheduled to visit the clinic every 2–4 weeks for intrasulcular irrigation of chlorhexidine and delivery of minocycline HCl. Results We observed statistically significant decreases in PPD, CAL, and BOP after treatment. At the endpoint, bone levels increased in all defects, regardless of the osseous morphology of the intrabony defect. The mean DIB change in deep defects was significantly greater than that in shallow defects. Although the mean bone gain in narrow defects was greater than in wide defects, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions We propose that significant and sustainable improvements in both clinical and radiographic parameters can be expected when intrabony defects around dental implants are managed through a simple nonsurgical approach involving combined intrasulcular chlorhexidine irrigation and local delivery of minocycline HCl.
Bias From Potentially Mischievous Responders on Large-Scale Estimates of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Questioning (LGBQ)-Heterosexual Youth Health Disparities

Objectives To determine how sensitive estimates of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (LGBQ)-heterosexual youth health disparities are to the presence of potentially mischievous responders. Methods We used US data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, pooled across jurisdictions that included a question about sexual identity for a total sample of 148 960 students. We used boosted regressions (a machine-learning technique) to identify unusual patterns of responses to 7 screener items presumably unrelated to LGBQ identification, which generated an index of suspected mischievousness. We estimated LGBQ-heterosexual youth disparities on 20 health outcomes; then we removed 1% of suspected mischievous responders at a time and re-estimated disparities to assess the robustness of original estimates. Results Accounting for suspected mischievousness reduced estimates of the average LGBQ-heterosexual youth health disparity by up to 46% for boys and 23% for girls; however, screening did not affect all outcomes equally. Drug- and alcohol-related disparities were most affected, particularly among boys, but bullying and suicidal ideation were unaffected. Conclusions Including screener items in public health data sets and performing rigorous sensitivity analyses can support the validity of youth health estimates.
Time and Eruption Sequence of Permanent Teeth in Hyderabad Children: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Context Eruption of teeth is influenced by various factors. Very few studies were carried out in the past on the eruption time of teeth in the Indian population. Aim The aim of the study is to determine the time and sequence, gender differences, pattern of symmetry in the eruption of permanent teeth in Hyderabad children. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, 1654 schoolchildren (806 girls and 848 boys) in the age group of 5 to 15 years from Hyderabad were examined for the status of eruption of permanent teeth. Statistical analysis used Results were subjected to probit’s regression analysis. The average age at eruption of permanent teeth, excluding third molars, was given as the mean [± standard deviation (SD)] in months for each gender. A table of percentiles of the eruption time was also determined. Results Unlike most of the earlier studies which showed that girls are ahead of boys in permanent teeth emergence, no such pattern was observed. No significant difference was found in the eruption of permanent teeth in right and left arches. Eruption of all the mandibular teeth, with the exception of right first premolar (44) in both the genders, was earlier than their maxillary counterparts. There was overall delay in the eruption of permanent teeth and significant delay in the eruption of lower canines in both genders. Conclusion The significant delay in the eruption of permanent mandibular canines is relevant for orthodontic treatment planning. How to cite this article: Chaitanya P, Reddy JS, Suhasini K, Chandrika IH, Praveen D. Time and Eruption Sequence of Permanent Teeth in Hyderabad Children: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(4):330-337.
Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnancy and Lactation and Infant Growth.

METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Bangladesh to assess the effects of weekly prenatal vitamin D supplementation (from 17 to 24 weeks of gestation until birth) and postpartum vitamin D supplementation on the primary outcome of infants’ length-for-age z scores at 1 year according to World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards. One group received neither prenatal nor postpartum vitamin D (placebo group). Three groups received prenatal supplementation only, in doses of 4200 IU (prenatal 4200 group), 16,800 IU (prenatal 16,800 group), and 28,000 IU (prenatal 28,000 group). The fifth group received prenatal supplementation as well as 26 weeks of postpartum supplementation in the amount of 28,000 IU (prenatal and postpartum 28,000 group).
Volumes of the Hippocampal Formation Differentiate Component Processes of Memory in a Community Sample of Homeless and Marginally Housed Persons.

OBJECTIVE Persons who are homeless or marginally housed exhibit significant cognitive dysfunction, with memory being the most impaired domain. Hippocampal subfield volumes have been found to differentially relate to component processes of memory. The neural correlates of memory have not been previously examined in marginalized persons who are understudied and underserved. We examined whether hippocampal subfields and entorhinal cortex volumes are uniquely related to indices of verbal episodic memory using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test - Revised. METHOD Data was used from a large sample of community dwelling homeless and marginally housed adults (N = 227). Regression analyses were conducted to examine hippocampal subfield volumes (CA1, CA3, CA4, dentate gyrus, subiculum) and entorhinal cortex, and their associations with measures of verbal immediate recall, learning slope, and verbal delayed recall. RESULTS Greater CA3 subfield volume was associated with better performance on an index of encoding (immediate recall), but only in older individuals. Greater CA1 and subiculum volumes were associated with better performance on immediate and delayed recall (measures that tap into retrieval processes), but not with learning slope (a more pure index of encoding). Entorhinal cortex volume was related to all components of memory beyond total hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest common neuroanatomical correlates of memory dysfunction in large sample of marginalized persons, and these are uniquely related to different components of memory. These findings have clinical relevance for marginalized populations and theoretical relevance to the growing literature on functional specialization of the hippocampal subfields.