Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiologic Imaging in Psychiatric Disorders in the Light of Recent Developments

Psychiatric disorders account for a great majority of overall health problems. Therefore, psychiatric conditions have become of great importance for today's world. It is a known fact that quality of life is substantially determined by the mental health of an individual. A great number of physical diseases have also important mental component. As its importance has been defined here, psychiatric science has shown considerable change particularly in the second half of the current century, and making a diagnosis has become available not only via physical examination, but also by detecting underlying organic factors. In line with the advances in clinical psychiatry, neuropsychiatry and biologic psychiatry, considerable progression has been achieved both in diagnosis and also in treatment. In this process, structural and functional imaging techniques have remarkably contributed to the etiology of psychiatric diseases to be understood better, as well as to the development of diagnostic approach. Owing to the current development in radiological imaging modalities, certain anatomical or functional abnormalities could be assessed, from now on, in the psychiatric diseases that could have not been predicated upon any organic basis previously. In many studies conducted until today, diagnosis or follow-up in the course of the treatment has focused on development process of the disorder, pathophysiology, underlying progressive picture, and neural process, as well as potential factors, rather than imaging methods. Since the invention of X-rays, available information due to the advances both in radiology and in computer technology has become sharable as well. With the new methods, other than old or conventional modalities, it has been possible to not only anatomically visualize but also functionally evaluate the tissues or organs. Exposure to ionized radiation is not a matter of question with such modalities developed in MRI field. Moreover, these techniques and experiences in this field are gradually becoming available day by day. Operator and software dependent variability of these methods that has been relatively going on would be solved in time and be standardized. Current advanced MRI modalities that can be used in addition to routine examinations include high resolution imaging (3Tesla), functional magnetic resonance imaging (f-MRI), perfusion MRI (p-MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). It is aimed to review the functional (f-MRI) or microanatomical structure (DWI, DTI) or metabolite (MRS) changes in imaging of the
Sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinde akran desteği ile akademik başarı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi

Amac: Bu calisma, akran destegi ile akademik basari arasindaki iliskinin degerlendirilmesi amaciyla yapilan tanimlayici ve iliskilendirici bir calismadir. Yontem: Arastirmanin orneklemini, Marmara Universitesi Saglik Hizmetleri Meslek Yuksekokulu 2010-2011 egitim ogretim yilinda kayitli olan, ulasilabilen ve arastirmaya katilmayi kabul eden 258 son sinif ogrencisi olusturdu. Veri toplama araci olarak “Akran Destegi Olcegi”, ogrencilerin sosyo-demografik ozelliklerini iceren “Ogrenci Tanitim Formu” ve akademik basari notlari kullanildi. Verilerin analizinde varyans analizi, Student’s t-testi, korelasyon analizi ve one-way ANOVA kullanildi. Bulgular: Akran Destegi Olcegi alt boyutlari karsilastirildiginda; fiziksel yardim puaninin duygusal yardim puanindan, akademik yardim puaninin duygusal yardim puanindan daha yuksek oldugu belirlendi. Akademik basari notu ile Akran Destegi Olcegi alt boyut ve toplam puanlari arasinda iliski bulunmadi. Tibbi Goruntuleme bolumu ogrencilerinin Akran Destegi Olcegi toplam puanlarinin Ilk ve Acil Yardim bolumu ogrencilerine gore ve kiz ogrencilerin akademik basari notunun erkek ogrencilere gore daha yuksek oldugu belirlendi. Sonuc: Ogrencilerin akademik yardim puanlarinin artirilmasi icin birlikte calisabilecekleri uygun ortamlarin saglanmasi ve erkek ogrencilerin akademik basari notunun yukseltilmesi icin desteklenmesi onerilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler : Akademik basari, akademik yardim, akran destegi, duygusal yardim, fiziksel yardim
Current Levels of Interaction between the Physician and Pharmacist: A Comparative Study in Libya and UAE

The aim of the study was to investigate the current levels of interaction between physicians and community pharmacists, and to elicit the opinions and attitudes of physicians about pharmacists’ willingness to perform additional services. A questionnaire-based interview survey was conducted with a total of 230 doctors practicing in the primary care sector in Libya and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The questionnaire consisted of four sections and covered the frequency of contact between physicians and pharmacists to discuss patients’ drug therapy, the level of physicians’ satisfaction with the services offered by community pharmacists to patients and doctors, physicians’ opinions of the pharmacist performing extra selected services, and the importance of selected counselling activities when the pharmacist dispenses a prescribed medication. Eighty nine percent (89%; n=100) of doctors in Libya and sixty-six doctors (66%; n=130) in the UAE agreed to participate and completed a questionnaire during the interview. Doctors and community pharmacists included in this study may remain physically isolated from one another in both countries, since almost 70% in Libya and 60% in the UAE either ‘rarely’ or ‘never’ discussed patients’ drug therapy with the pharmacist. Furthermore, it would appear that there is some scepticism about the appropriateness of pharmacists being involved in monitoring blood pressure and providing a therapeutic substitute. Many doctors are also unwilling to delegate some of their traditional roles to pharmacists. Further work is needed to gauge the level of satisfaction of both patients and doctors with the services provided by community pharmacists. This is principally required to examine the capability of community pharmacists to play a role in the management of chronic diseases in both countries.
Modulation of neurotrophic growth factors as a therapeutic strategy for neuropathic pain

Neurotrophic growth factors have tremendous untapped potential for the treatment of neurological injuries and diseases. In contrast to specific neurotransmitter modulators or ion channel blockers, a neurotrophic growth factor profoundly impacts multiple molecular pathways within a cell, with the possibility of exerting broad, and potentially “disease‐modifying” effects that may counteract the underlying pathology. Although numerous clinical trials have been carried out with the prototypic neurotrophic growth factors, including most notably NGF for diabetic neuropathy and GDNF for Parkinson's disease, none of these trials have been successful to date in providing compelling data for drug approval. The apparent lack of translation from the bench to the clinic may be considered in the context of our current understanding of the neurotrophic growth factors, especially mechanism of action, efficacy in animal models of disease, and safety and tolerability, and how these factors relate to clinical trial design. The application of this new knowledge to future clinical trials of neuropathic pain may provide opportunities for successful clinical development of neurotrophic growth factor modulators. Drug Dev. Res. 67:389–403, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PCA3 Testing for the Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer

OR COMMENTS: If you would like to leave a comment pertaining to the information above indicate your name below: FACT-CHECKING FOR THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN COMPLETED BY: Final fact-checking completed on (mm/dd/yy): THIS ARTICLE IS NOT A PCA3 ARTICLE? Yes, No Participant Characteristics & Inclusion Criteria Question Text Answers Text Age: Mean, SD, Median, Range, IQR Men on meds excluded: Yes, No, Not specified Race: African-Americans N(%):
Genel Müdürün Aynı Zamanda Yönetim Kurulu Üyesi Olması Firma Performansını Etkiler mi

Genel mudurun ayni zamanda yonetim kurulu uyesi olmasinin (ikilik) firma performansi uzerindeki etkisi kurumsal yonetimin en temel ve tartismali konularindan biridir. Bu calismanin temel amaci ikiligin firma performansini etkileyip-etkilemedigini ampirik olarak incelemektir. Bu amaci gerceklestirmek uzere Istanbul Menkul Kiymetler Borsasinda islem goren 183 firma verisinden yararlanilmistir. Firma performans gostergeleri olarak uc degisken kullanilmistir. Bunlardan ikisi muhasebe esasli finansal oranlar (Varliklarin Karliligi-VKAR ve Oz Sermaye Karliligi-OKAR) ve biri de piyasa esasli (Tobin’s q-Q) orandir. Calisma 2006-2007 yillarini kapsamakta ve ampirik analizlerde regresyon, korelasyon analizleri ile t testinden yararlanilmistir. Yapilan analiz sonucunda vekalet teorisi ile tutarli bir bicimde ikiligin olmasi halinde firmanin finansal performansini olumsuz etkiledigi sonucuna ulasilmistir.
A study to assess the nutritional status of women in slums of Amritsar city (Punjab), India

Introduction: Health of the urban poor is considerably worse off than the urban middle and high income groups. Women in the slums are worst affected. Hence the current study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of women in slums of Amritsar. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a slum of Amritsar city. A sample of 200 married women in the reproductive age were studied by using pre-designed, pre-tested proforma. Body Mass Index was used to assess the nutritional status of women. Nutritional status in relation to various socio-demographic characteristics was also studied. The data was compiled and analyzed by using SPSS 17.0 version for windows. Results: It was observed that 67.6% women were having normal nutritional status while 11.1% of them were overweight and 21.3% were suffering from chronic energy deficiency. Literacy and socioeconomic status were found to be significant factors affecting nutritional status of women in slums. Conclusion: Literacy status and socioeconomic status of women needs to be addressed to improve the nutritional status of women in slums.
Intestinal and Ectoparasites of black rats (Rattus rattus) in Garmian, Kurdistan region of Iraq

Rodents are found worldwide and live close to human inhabitation. They are known as vectors of zoonotic diseases such as viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. Investigating parasites of rats and understanding their life cycles have become crucial necessity. The present study aimed to screen for the presence of intestinal parasites and ectoparasites in black rats (Rattus rattus) in Garmian region. An overall 55 live rats (21 male, 34 female) were trapped from three districts in Garmian region (Kalar, Kifri and Khanaqin). The rats were euthanized, dissected and their parasites were identified. The overall rate of infection with at least one parasite was 61.81% (36/55). Four genera of nematodes were identified; Trichuris muris, capillaria spp. , Strongyloides sp. and Trichostrongylus sp. with infection rate 20% (11/55). Twenty four out of the 55 rats (43.61%) were infected with Hymenolepis nana and/or Hymenolepis diminuta. Three protozoa were also identified, Giardia muris, Entamoeba muris and Isospora ratti with infection rate of 25.45% (14/55). The flea Xenopsylla cheopis was the only ectoparasite identified from 4 rats (7.27%). Rat from all the three studied areas carried parasites with no significant difference in term of infection rates. Male rats showed significantly higher prevalence of parasites compared to female. Coinfection was observed in rats and some rats carried four types of parasites at one time. Findings of this study suggest that rats of Garmian region harbor zoonotic parasites which can pose risk to humans and animals. Therefore, actions have to be taken to content the potential of disease transmission.
Strategies to Extend Warm Ischemia Time during Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy- Part II

Background and Aims: In this part of the review, particular attention is drawn towards the mechanisms by which one can pre-condition the kidneys pre-operatively by using several strategies that are nutritional, biochemical, pharmacological and environmental in nature. In addition, ideas and hypotheses are put forward that are relevant to modulating the anoxic and autophagic response to ischemic damage during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, particularly with respect to reducing the endoplasmic reticulum stress. Finally, the current trends in research involving the role of stem cells, renal hibernation and the role of the innate immune response are highlighted with the aim of exploiting these mechanisms to achieve reduced kidney damage during ischemia. Finally, the common thread behind all these approaches, namely empowering the renal mitochondria during ischemia is emphasized.
Oxidative stress in pregnant and lactating camels

Biomarkers of oxidative stress malondialdehyde, catalase, reduced glutathione and plasma vitamin E were evaluated in pregnant, lactating and non pregnant non lactating Indian camels. Whole blood levels of malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation product) were significantly higher in pregnant camels (28.11±0.44 nanomol/ml) than the non pregnant non lactating (25.86 ±0.91 nanomol/ml). Levels of catalase (antioxidant enzyme) and reduced glutathione (antioxidant protein) were also lower in pregnant and lactating camels than the non pregnant non lactating camels. Study showed that levels of oxidative stress biomarkers are higher in pregnant and lactating camels than the control non lactating non pregnant camels.
Alcohol in fatal road crashes in Ireland 2003 to 2005.

Alcohol has been recognised as a major factor in road crashes. However, no official data are provided in Ireland to indicate what proportion of the deaths on Irish roads has alcohol as a contributory factor. Irish drivers do drink alcohol and drive. A study on fatal crashes in 2003 showed that over a third of fatal crashes were alcohol related. The aim of this study was to build on the data for 2003 and provide information on the extent of the relationship between drink driving and fatal crashes in 2004 and 2005.
Prognostic factors and predictive tests in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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Conceptual Understanding, Procedural Knowledge and Problem-Solving Skills in Mathematics: High School Graduates Work Analysis and Standpoints

This study measures the mathematical abilities high school graduates’ in Bahrain. Mathematical abilities encompass conceptual understanding, procedural knowledge and problem-solving skills in the five content domains which are Number and Operations, Algebra, Geometry, Measurement, and Data Analysis and Probability. While procedural understanding focusses on performing facts and algorithms, conceptual understanding reflects a student's ability to reason and comprehend mathematical concepts, operations and relations which will be helpful in solving non-routine problems. A test consisting of questions from the five content domains was administered to students where they demonstrated conceptual understanding and procedural knowledge which enabled them to solve problems in various real-life situations. Structured interviews were also conducted to test their mathematical abilities and suggest ways to improve proficiency in mathematics and eliminate misconceptions. The results show that conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills are positively correlated. This research also endeavors to correlate students’ performance in this test with their high school GPA.
Repeated Matching, Career Concerns, and Firm Size Distributions

We propose a two-period matching model of firms and managers to argue that managerial career concerns may not guarantee assortative matching in the market for reputation. In the model, firms compete for managerial talent, and managers are concerned about their reputations. The market updates managers’ reputations whenever their performance is available, which leads to rematching in a subsequent period. We show that some talented managers sit out the market in an earlier period to secure their reputations in a later period. Moreover, the size distribution of firms—by influencing the wage distribution of managers—is a key determinant of early sitting out: managers’ sitting out never happens under a uniform distribution of firm size, whereas it may happen under a Pareto distribution. The model can be applied to analyzing cross-sectional patterns of managerial labor supply across industries or countries, depending on the size distributions of firms.
Acceptance of e-Health Technology: A Patient Perspective

It can be considered a known fact that the number of elderly people will increase during the coming years. According to the most recent predications, this so-called silvering society will not only affect and increase the demand for health care, but also the supply side of health care, since health care professionals themselves will retire with increasing numbers in the near future. As possible part of a solution for this issue patients could be enabled to use so-called e-health self-management in order to manage their (chronic) disease in their own environment. This way, patients can stay in contact with the health care professional while taking on specific parts of their therapy by means of information and communication technology (ICT). Not only can e-health increase the wellbeing of patients, also the pressure on the health care system can be somewhat relieved. This research has investigated the most relevant factors that can have an effect on patients’ acceptance of these e-health services. One of the outcomes is that not only patients’ performance expectancy of e-health services, but also their perceived quality of care and their highest education influence their acceptance of e-health. As for future research, this study recommends additional research on patients’ acceptance over prolonged time (longitudinal). Furthermore, considering the increasing freedom of choice with regard to not only health care insurance policies buth also preferred therapies and hospitals, the understanding on ‘patient satisfaction’ should be improved. Especially the way in which patients come to a judgement based upon their experiences is essential considering the increased relevance of patient satisfaction.
A cross sectional observational study of child restraint use in Queensland following changes in legislation

As part of an evaluation of the 2010 legislation for child vehicle occupants in Queensland, roadside observations of private passenger vehicles were used to estimate the proportions of children aged under 7 years travelling in each of the five different restraint types (eg. forward-facing child restraint). Data was collected in four major population centres: Brisbane, Sunshine Coast, Mackay and Townsville. Almost all children were restrained (95.1%, 95% CI 94.3-95.9%), with only 3.3% (95% CI 2.6-4.0%) clearly unrestrained and 44 (1.6%, 95% CI 1.1-2.1%) for whom restraint status could not be determined (‘unknown’). However, around 24% (95 CI 21.8-26.2%) of the target-aged children were deemed inappropriately restrained, primarily comprised of 3-6 year olds in seatbelts (18.7% of the 0-6 year olds, 95% CI 16.3-21.1%) or unrestrained (3.7% of the 0-6 year olds, 95% CI 2.5-4.9%) instead of booster seats. In addition, compliance appeared significantly lower for some regional locations where the proportion of children observed as completely unrestrained was relatively high and of concern.
The epidemiology of human papillomavirus in HIV-negative and HIV-infected men who have sex with men

This thesis studied the epidemiology and seroepidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) among HIV-negative and HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Anal, penile, and oral HPV prevalence and incidence were high, in particular among HIV-infected MSM. Clearance of anal HPV infection was lower among HIV-infected compared to HIV-negative MSM. HIV infection was strongly associated with HPV infection, independent of sexual behavior and other possible confounders. However, within HIV-infected MSM no association between increasing level of immunosuppression (i.e., low CD4 T-cell count) and HPV infection was observed. Furthermore, HPV seroprevalence was high, especially among MSM with HIV infection or anal HPV infection. In longitudinal analyses incident or persistent anal HPV infections were the main drivers of type-specific HPV seroconversion. HPV seropositivity, however, did not seem to protect adult, sexually active MSM from subsequent type-specific HPV infection. Future research should focus on increasing insight in the effect of HIV-related immunosuppression on HPV infection and sequelae, the function of naturally induced HPV antibodies, and optimizing HPV prevention strategies.
Fee for Advice: A Remedy for Biased Product Recommendations?

Consumers regularly seek professional advice when purchasing financial products. It is often argued that advisers should solely be compensated by consumers, as then, an adviser has no incentive to give biased advice. In our theoretical model, we show, that a fee-for-advice remuneration system does not prevent consumers from biased advice, if they have an initial biased belief, which product best suits their needs and advisers face transaction costs for persuading consumers.
PREVALÊNCIA DE MANIFESTAÇÕES ORAIS EM PACIENTES INFANTO-JUVENIS SUBMETIDOS À QUIMIOTERAPIA / PREVALENCE OF ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO CHEMOTHERAPY

Introducao : O conhecimento sobre a situacao do câncer no Brasil permite que as diferentes esferas de governo estabelecam prioridades para o enfrentamento do problema. Objetivo : Registrar a prevalencia das manifestacoes orais provocadas pela quimioterapia das doencas neoplasicas. Metodos : Estudo transversal observacional realizado no Hospital Infantil Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Vitoria (ES) onde foi realizado atraves de coleta de dados de prontuarios de 162 pacientes que estiveram em tratamento quimioterapico. Resultados : As neoplasias mais encontradas foram leucemias (35,8%), e as manifestacoes orais mais prevalentes foram a mucosite, candidiase e xerostomia, com indices de 37%; 6% e 6%, respectivamente. Conclusao : As manifestacoes orais provocadas pela quimioterapia que mais acometeram os pacientes foram as leucemias, em especial a Leucemia Linfoide Aguda - LLA, e as principais manifestacoes orais observadas foram respectivamente a mucosite, a candidiase e a xerostomia. Palavras-chave : Leucemia. Quimioterapia. Manifestacoes Bucais. Abstract Introduction : Knowledge about the situation of cancer in Brazil is very important since it allows the different government areas to set priorities for facing the problem. Objective : To record the prevalence of oral manifestations of diseases caused by chemotherapy in neoplasias. Methods : Cross-sectional study conducted at Nossa Senhora da Gloria Infant Hospital in Vitoria, State of Espirito do Santo, where we collected data from 162 patients' medical records who had undergone chemotherapy. Results : The most frequent neoplasms were leukemias (35.8%) and the most prevalent oral manifestations were mucositis (37%), xerostomia (6%) and candidiasis (6%). Conclusions : Leukemia, particularly Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia – ALL, was the most common neoplasm and the most frequent oral manifestations in patients who undergone chemotherapy were mucositis, candidiasis and xerostomia, respectively. Keywords : Leukemia. Chemotherapy. Oral Manifestations.