Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Functional and Clinical Outcome of Intramedullary Osteosynthesis with Gamma Nail in Treatment of Unstable Peritrochanteric Fractures

Background: Peritrochanteric fractures of the femur rank among the most common fractures in elderly people. The Gamma Nail is one of the latest advances in the treatment of trochanteric fractures based on intramedullary nailing principles during closed procedures. Purpose: This paper is made to assess the Functional & clinical Outcome of closed intramedullary osteosynthesis with a gamma nail in the treatment of unstable peritrochanteric fractures. Material and Methods: The study was based on a total of 30 patients surgically treated for unstable peritrochanteric femoral fracture by gamma nail fixation in the period between June/2012 till February/2014, including 10 males and 20 females with the mean age is 67.63 (range 50 to 81). The right side was affected in 16 patients and left side was affected in 14. Results: There were 28 patients (93.33%) with good reductions while there was 2 cases with mild displacement (<8mm) in both AP & lateral views but considered accepted. The fracture had healed in all the patients with no significant varus displacement except in 2 patients where their fracture had healed with mild (<20) degrees varus angulations. No intraoperative complication were reported. Post operative fracture of femur midshaft had occurred in 1 patient after 10 weeks. Screw cutout had occurred also in 1 case while 3 cases sustained suerficial infection. Recovery situations of all patients were evaluated based on Harris scoring with an average of 87 points. There are indications and improved functional outcome in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture with Gamma 3 intramedullary nail. Conclusion: Various studies found favorable results with gamma nail in managing a greater variety of unstable hip fractures with a less invasive technique and with better results. Other studies have reported favorable results with GN in terms of shorter operation time, less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, decreased wound infection and reduced complication rate. Correspondence to: Dr. Ahmed M. Mohammed, The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University and Al-Helal Hospital
APLICACIÓN DE FÓRMULAS DE TRANSPORTE DE FONDO A UN RÍO DE GRAVAS: COMPARACIÓN CON LAS TASAS REALES DE TRANSPORTE OBTENIDAS EN EL RÍO TORDERA.

La instalacion de dos trampas automaticas en el lecho de gravas del rio Tordera ha permitido medir de manera continua el transporte de fondo durante las crecidas Estas tasas de transporte han sido comparadas con cinco de las formulas mas utilizadas en rios de gravas. Ninguna de ellas predice de manera fiable el transporte de fondo. La ecuacion de Parker et al. (1982) obtiene los mejores resultados con una sobrestimacion media de 10,6 veces el valor real medido. Estos resultados son consecuencia del tiempo que transcurre entre las crecidas, permitiendo el desarrollo de una coraza superficial y cambiando los tamanos de las particulas que configuran las formas mas moviles del lecho.
Variation in Endophyte Symbiosis, Herbivory and Drought Tolerance of Ammophila breviligulata Populations in the Great Lakes Region

Abstract Ecologists have come to appreciate that plant genotype can affect the success of restoration efforts, but the role of plant symbionts has received less attention. Epichloë-type endophytic fungi (EF) grow in the aboveground tissues of most plants and occur systemically in 20–30% of all grass species. Despite the potential for EF to alter plant competitive hierarchies and to be lost under improper seed storage, they have yet to be considered as an important factor in plant restoration ecology. We surveyed EF infection frequency in 42 native and restored populations of the dominant Great Lakes dune grass Ammophila breviligulata. We also conducted a greenhouse experiment to compare effects of herbivory and drought on an uninfected Michigan population of A. breviligulata and the commercially available ‘Cape’ variety, which is commonly planted for restoration. Surveys revealed low levels of EF infection in natural populations in the Great Lakes region. ‘Cape’ nursery stock was 100% infected. In the greenhouse, the Michigan plants were more sensitive to grasshopper herbivory and drought than the ‘Cape’ plants. Our results suggest that the variety of A. breviligulata used in dune restorations possibly could alter plant and insect community dynamics due to differences in EF status, though further tests under field conditions are needed.
Overview of IEEE802.15.4g OFDM and its applicability to smart building applications

This paper compares the performance of two IEEE802.15. 4 physical layers in the Smart Building context: 2.4 GHz O-QPSK and sub-GHz OFDM. The former has been in the IEEE802.15. 4 standard since 2003, the latter was rolled into its 2015 revision. OFDM promises exceptional performance, in particular in environments with high external interference and multi-path fading. This paper starts with a comprehensive overview of IEEE802.15. 4 and IEEE802.15. 4g, with a particular focus on OFDM, its design drivers and modes of operation. The second half of this paper presents results from an exhaustive benchmarking campaign of both technologies in a building environment, and discusses lessons learnt. We show how OFDM has a higher range, even at 400 kbps and 800 kbps data rates. We then quantify the importance of frequency repetition in OFDM, and of using a wide communication channel, and we show how the use of OFDM can result in a 2–4 χ decrease in power consumption compared to 2.4 GHz O-QPSK. We conclude by recommending the use of OFDM option 1, with MCS2 for short (<128 B) frames, and MCS3 otherwise.
Sea otter mortality in fish and shellfish traps: Estimating potential impacts and exploring possible solutions

Sea otters Enhydra lutris can be bycaught and drowned in fishing pots and traps, which may pose a threat to the welfare of otter populations. We explored this potential problem and its solu- tions using a wide variety of analyses. We exposed live California (USA) sea otters to finfish traps, lobster traps, and mock Dungeness crab traps in captive trials and found that the animals attempted to enter the circular and rectangular fyke openings, with some becoming entrapped. Using both live and dead sea otters, we found that a 3 × 9 inch (7.6 × 22.9 cm) fyke opening (1 inch narrower than the 4 × 9 inch (10.2 × 22.9 cm) openings currently used in California's commercial Dungeness crab fish- ery) would exclude most free-living (i.e. weaned from their mothers) otters while permitting the undi- minished capture of crabs. Observer programs do not currently exist in California for these fisheries, so we calculated the effort required by an observer program to document sea otter bycatch over a range of hypothetical levels and evaluated the impact of those mortality rates on population growth. These analyses demonstrate that significant mortality from bycatch might easily go undetected, even with seemingly high levels of observer effort. As sea otters reoccupy portions of their former habitat in California, co-occurrence with finfish and shellfish traps with relatively large fyke openings will increase.
Exploring the relationship between effective and reflective practice in applied sport psychology

This study offers an investigation into the concept of effective practice in applied sport psychology (ASP) with emphasis being placed upon the role that reflective practice may have in helping practitioners to develop the effectiveness of their service delivery. Focus groups (n = 2), consisting of accredited and trainee sport psychologists, were conducted to generate a working definition of effective practice, and discuss the concept of effectiveness development through engagement in reflective practices. The resulting definition encapsulated a multidimensional process involving reflection-on-practice. Initial support for the definition was gained through consensus validation involving accredited sport psychologists (n = 34) who agreed with the notion that although effectiveness is context specific it is related to activities designed to meet client needs. Reflective practice emerged as a vital component in the development of effectiveness, with participants highlighting that reflection is intrinsically .
Unraveling the genetic architecture of copy number variants associated with schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders

Recent studies show that the complex genetic architecture of schizophrenia (SZ) is driven in part by polygenic components, or the cumulative effect of variants of small effect in many genes, as well as rare single‐locus variants with large effect sizes. Here we discuss genetic aberrations known as copy number variants (CNVs), which fall in the latter category and are associated with a high risk for SZ and other neuropsychiatric disorders. We briefly review recurrent CNVs associated with SZ, and then highlight one CNV in particular, a recurrent 1.6‐Mb deletion on chromosome 3q29, which is estimated to confer a 40‐fold increased risk for SZ. Additionally, we describe the use of genetic mouse models, behavioral tools, and patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells as a means to study CNVs in the hope of gaining mechanistic insight into their respective disorders. Taken together, the genomic data connecting CNVs with a multitude of human neuropsychiatric disease, our current technical ability to model such chromosomal anomalies in mouse, and the existence of precise behavioral measures of endophenotypes argue that the time is ripe for systematic dissection of the genetic mechanisms underlying such disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Scoring Lexical Entailment with a Supervised Directional Similarity Network

We present the Supervised Directional Similarity Network, a novel neural architecture for learning task-specific transformation functions on top of general-purpose word embeddings. Relying on only a limited amount of supervision from task-specific scores on a subset of the vocabulary, our architecture is able to generalise and transform a general-purpose distributional vector space to model the relation of lexical entailment. Experiments show excellent performance on scoring graded lexical entailment, raising the state-of-the-art on the HyperLex dataset by approximately 25%.
Human activities alter biogeographical patterns of reptiles on Mediterranean islands

Aim The theory of island biogeography predicts species richness based on geographical factors that influence the extinction‐colonization balance, such as area and isolation. However, human influence is the major cause of present biotic changes, and may therefore modify biogeographical patterns by increasing extinctions and colonizations. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of human activities on the species richness of reptiles on islands. Location Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and Macaronesia. Methods Using a large data set ( n = 212 islands) compiled from the literature, we built spatial regression models to compare the effect of geographical (area, isolation, topography) and human (population, airports) factors on native and alien species. We also used piecewise regression to evaluate whether human activities cause deviation of the species‐area relationship from the linear (on log‐log axes) pattern, and path analysis to reveal the relationships among multiple potential predictors. Results The richness of both native and alien species was best explained by models combining geographical and human factors. The richness of native species was negatively related to human influence, while that of alien species was positively related, with the overall balance being negative. In models that did not take into account human factors, the relationship between island area and species richness was not linear. Large islands hosted fewer native species than expected from a linear (on log‐log axes) species‐area relationship, because they were more strongly affected by human influence than were small islands. Path analysis showed that island size has a direct positive effect on reptile richness. However, area also had a positive relationship with human impact, which in turn mediated a negative effect on richness. Main conclusion Anthropogenic factors can strongly modify the biogeographical pattern of islands, probably because they are major drivers of present-day extinctions and colonizations and can displace island biodiversity from the equilibrium points expected by theory on the basis of geographical features.
Predicting Young’s modulus of nanowires from first-principles calculations on their surface and bulk materials

Using the concept of surface stress, we developed a model that is able to predict Young’s modulus of nanowires as a function of nanowire diameters from the calculated properties of their surface and bulk materials. We took both equilibrium strain effect and surface stress effect into consideration to account for the geometric size influence on the elastic properties of nanowires. In this work, we combined first-principles density functional theory calculations of material properties with linear elasticity theory of clamped-end three-point bending. Furthermore, we applied this computational approach to Ag, Au, and ZnO nanowires. For both Ag and Au nanowires, our theoretical predictions agree well with the experimental data in the literature. For ZnO nanowires, our predictions are qualitatively consistent with some of experimental data for ZnO nanostructures. Consequently, we found that surface stress plays a very important role in determining Young’s modulus of nanowires. Our finding suggests that the elas.
Geochemistry of Lower Cretaceous sediments, Inner Zone of Southwest Japan. Constraints on provenance and tectonic environment.

A geochemical study was carried out on Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Wakino Subgroup, Kenseki Formation, and Sasayama Group, distributed in the Inner Zone of Southwest Japan. The chemical characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous sediments indicate that these rocks are immature first-order sediments derived from igneous and/or meta-igneous rocks of predominantly felsic composition. The sediments from the Kenseki Formation and the Sasayama Group, however, show high Cr and Ni abundances, suggesting a significant contribution of detritus from ultramafic rocks. Weathering at the source areas was moderate. The high Th/U ratios (mostly > 3.8), negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu∗ between 0.67 and 0.93) and Th/Sc ratios (mostly between 0.5 and 1) of the Lower Cretaceous sediments suggest their derivation dominantly from an old upper crust with minor amounts of young arc-derived detritus. The major, trace and rare earth element compositions imply that deposition took place in an active continental margin environment. The small amounts of young arc-derived material in the sediments support the inference by other workers that arc magmatism was not so prominent in Southwest Japan during the early Cretaceous.
The Relationship between Contact Pressure, Insert Thickness, and Mild Wear in Total Knee Replacements

Mild wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tibial inserts continues to affect the longevity of total knee replacements (TKRs). Using static finite element and elasticity analyses, previous studies have hypothesized that polyethylenewear can be reduced by using a thicker tibial insert to decrease con- tact pressures. To date,no studyhas takenthishypothesis to the next step by performing dynamic analyses underin vivo functionalconditionsto quantifytherelationshipbe- tween contact pressures, insert thickness, and mild wear. Thisstudy utilizesmultibodydynamicsimulationsincor- porating elastic contact to perform such analyses. In vivo fluoroscopic gait data from two patients with different implant designs were used to drive dynamic contact sim- ulations. The first design was coronally flat-on-flat while the second was coronally curved-on-curved. Variations in minimum plastic thickness (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mm) and applied load profile (corresponding to body masses of 50, 62.5, 75, 87.5. and 100 kg) were used to mod- ify the contact pressures in each of 25 simulations per- formed with each implant design. Mild wear following five millioncycles ofgait wascalculated fromthecontact pressure and slip velocity time histories of elements on the tibial insert surfaces. The maximum values of peak and average contact pressure during the gait cycle were found to be poor predictors of wear depth. In contrast, contact pressures were good predictors of wear volume when the pressures were varied by changing the applied load profile. However, when the applied load profile was fixed and the contact pressures varied by changing the insert thickness, no changes in wear volume were pre- dicted. Decreases in contact pressure due to a thicker insert were offset by increases in contact area subjected to sliding in the wear calculations. These findings sug- gest that use of a thicker tibial insert may not necessarily lead to decreased mild wear in total knee replacements and that further investigationof this issue is warranted.
Blue Note: How Intentional Acoustic Interference Damages Availability and Integrity in Hard Disk Drives and Operating Systems

Intentional acoustic interference causes unusual errors in the mechanics of magnetic hard disk drives in desktop and laptop computers, leading to damage to integrity and availability in both hardware and software such as file system corruption and operating system reboots. An adversary without any special purpose equipment can co-opt built-in speakers or nearby emitters to cause persistent errors. Our work traces the deeper causality of these risks from the physics of materials to the I/O request stack in operating systems for audible and ultrasonic sound. Our experiments show that audible sound causes the head stack assembly to vibrate outside of operational bounds; ultrasonic sound causes false positives in the shock sensor, which is designed to prevent a head crash. The problem poses a challenge for legacy magnetic disks that remain stubbornly common in safety critical applications such as medical devices and other highly utilized systems difficult to sunset. Thus, we created and modeled a new feedback controller that could be deployed as a firmware update to attenuate the intentional acoustic interference. Our sensor fusion method prevents unnecessary head parking by detecting ultrasonic triggering of the shock sensor.
THE INFLUENCE OF EDUCATIONAL DANCE ON THE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the motor development of children who practiced educational dance with the motor development of children who did not practice it and to verify the results obtained after six to eight months after the end of the intervention. Methods: The study was carried out with 85 children enrolled in the first year of elementary school in two schools located in the south of São Paulo city (São Paulo, Brazil). Children were randomized by lot in two groups (intervention and control). Children with intellectual and/or physical disabilities and the premature ones were excluded from the analysis. The two groups had their motor development evaluated in three moments: before the intervention, after the intervention and six to eight months after the end of the intervention. The intervention group participated in an educational dance class program for seven months. Control and intervention groups were compared by chi-square and t-test. Results: Children who participated in the educational dance program, compared to children who did not, achieved significant gains in their general motor development and on the following bases: balance, fine motor and overall praxis. Conclusions: Educational dance helped the children’s motor development, and the results were partially maintained months after the end of the intervention.
Retinal Vasculitis in Takayasu's Arteritis.

Retinal Vasculitis in Takayasu’s Arteritis A 25-year-old woman with Takayasu’s arteritis presented to the ophthalmology clinic with gradual, painless loss of vision in both eyes that was suggestive of retinal vasculitis. Retinal blood flow before and after treatment is shown in videos.
State-Level Predictors of Food Insecurity and Hunger Among Households With Children

This report examines interstate variation in household food security. Using hierarchical modeling, we identify several contextual dimensions that appear linked to household food security: the availability and accessibility of Federal nutrition assistance programs, policies affecting economic well-being of low-income families, and States’ economic and social characteristics. These dimensions comprise what we refer to as the State food security infrastructure. We find that a strong food security infrastructure particularly benefits families that are economically vulnerable yet have incomes above the poverty line. Almost all of the observed interstate differences in food security can be explained by cross-State differences in demographic and contextual characteristics.
Pie Menus or Linear Menus, Which Is Better?

This paper is about a continuing investigation aiming to find o ut which menu type is more useable on a web site or application. This paper specifically compares pie menus with linear menus. Although other researchers have investigated similar themes it is felt that there is still not enough knowledge regarding the various effects of different menu types, including their positioning on a screen. An empirical approach using an experiment to test the effectiveness and user satisfaction of a pie menu and a linear menu is described in detail. Four tasks were administered to experimental participants under each menu design in a within users experimental design. Overall task time, number of errors and participants' subjective opinions were measured. The data were statistically analysed. There were no statistically significant results for task times and errors. However, subjective opinions were overall statistically significant, suggesting a preference for the pie menu by participants. These results are interesting for all web designers, user interface designers and developers. The issues being investigated are rather complex, because there is no clear pattern of results to suggest a categorical ‘best design’. These results add to the current knowledge in existence regarding menu types and to the wish of understanding better the issues involved with menu types.