Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Providing personalized assessment feedback for problem drinking on the Internet: a pilot project.

OBJECTIVE This project developed an Internet program that conducts a brief assessment of an individual's drinking habits and then provides normative feedback comparing the user's drinking to that of others of the same gender and age group. The Internet program, "Try Our Free Drinking Evaluation," was based at the Addiction Research Foundation Internet web site (now at http://notes.camh.net/efeed.nsf/ newform). METHOD A voluntary survey linked to the participant's feedback summary collected respondents' impressions of the program. RESULTS During the trial period, the site received approximately 500 hits per month. While the feedback was generally well received, the weekly summary format was less credible to those individuals who drink less than once per week or whose consumption varies a great deal over time. CONCLUSIONS Given these pilot results indicating that there is an audience for Internet-based interventions, the next step is to evaluate whether receiving such personalized feedback materials on the Internet leads to any change in drinking behavior by participants
Hallucinations, Cognitive Decline, and Death in Alzheimer’s Disease

The relation of psychotic symptoms to cognitive decline and mortality in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was examined during a mean of 2.2 years in 478 persons selected from clinical settings. Psychotic symptoms were ascertained at baseline and cognition was assessed semiannually with nine tests from which a global measure was formed. In analyses that controlled for age, sex, race, and education, hallucinations (29.6%), especially visual ones, were associated with more rapid global cognitive decline and increased mortality, even after controlling for baseline level of cognition and use of antipsychotic medication, and the association with mortality increased with higher level of education. Delusions and misperceptions were not strongly related to cognitive decline or mortality. The results suggest that hallucinations in Alzheimer’s disease, particularly visual ones, are associated with more rapid progression.
Adenosine-A1 receptor agonist induced hyperalgesic priming type II

Abstract We have recently shown that repeated exposure of the peripheral terminal of the primary afferent nociceptor to the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist DAMGO ([D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin acetate salt) induces a model of transition to chronic pain that we have termed type II hyperalgesic priming. Similar to type I hyperalgesic priming, there is a markedly prolonged response to subsequent administration of proalgesic cytokines, prototypically prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). However, type II hyperalgesic priming differs from type I in being rapidly induced, protein kinase A (PKA), rather than PKC&egr; dependent, not reversed by a protein translation inhibitor, occurring in female as well as in male rats, and isolectin B4-negative neuron dependent. We report that, as with the repeated injection of a MOR agonist, the repeated administration of an agonist at the A1-adenosine receptor, also a Gi-protein coupled receptor, N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), also produces priming similar to DAMGO-induced type II hyperalgesic priming. In this study, we demonstrate that priming induced by repeated exposure to this A1-adenosine receptor agonist shares the same mechanisms, as MOR-agonist induced priming. However, the prolongation of PGE2 hyperalgesia induced by repeated administration of CPA depends on G-protein &agr;i subunit activation, differently from DAMGO-induced type II priming, in which it depends on the &bgr;/&ggr; subunit. These data implicate a novel form of Gi-protein signaling pathway in the type II hyperalgesic priming induced by repeated administration of an agonist at A1-adenosine receptor to the peripheral terminal of the nociceptor.
The Effect of Interior Aircraft Noise on Pilot Performance

This study examined the effect of the interior sounds of an aircraft cockpit on ratings of affect and expected performance decrement. While exposed to 12 interior aircraft sounds, of which half were modified to correspond to what is experienced with an active noise reduction (ANR) headset, 23 participants rated their affective reactions and how they believed their performance on various tasks would be affected. The results suggest that implementation of ANR-technique has a positive effect on ratings of expected performance. In addition, affective reactions to the noise are related to ratings of expected performance. The implications of these findings for both research and pilot performance are discussed.
Brain to Plasma Amyloid-β Efflux: a Measure of Brain Amyloid Burden in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

The deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides into amyloid plaques precedes the cognitive dysfunction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by years. Biomarkers indicative of brain amyloid burden could be useful for identifying individuals at high risk for developing AD. As in AD in humans, baseline plasma Aβ levels in a transgenic mouse model of AD did not correlate with brain amyloid burden. However, after peripheral administration of a monoclonal antibody to Aβ (m266), we observed a rapid increase in plasma Aβ and the magnitude of this increase was highly correlated with amyloid burden in the hippocampus and cortex. This method may be useful for quantifying brain amyloid burden in patients at risk for or those who have been diagnosed with AD.
The ultrafast magnetisation dynamics and the role of the exchange interactions

Se define como "All Optical Switching" (AOS) a la posibilidad de invertir la imanacion de un material (grabar un bit) usando unica y exclusivamente pulsos laser cuya duracion puede variar entre femtosegundos y unos pocos picosegundos. Este efecto, demostrado experimentalmente, tiene asociado un tiempo de inversion de la imanacion del orden de unos pocos picosegundos. Desde un punto de vista fundamental, este efecto aun no ha sido completamente comprendido, sin embargo, ciertos aspectos si parecen claros como el hecho de que las interacciones de canje son las principales responsables de que este efecto se produzca o no. Por ello, el trabajo de esta tesis esta centrado en el estudio de las interacciones de canje, asi como en su influencia en el efecto de AOS. Para ello se usan diferentes metodos para parametrizar el Hamiltoniano de Heisenberg (interaccion de canje) en distintos materiales y asi poder estudiar si el efecto de AOS ocurre mediante el uso de simulaciones atomisticas.
Temporary Versus Permanent Group Membership: How the Future Prospects of Newcomers Affect Newcomer Acceptance and Newcomer Influence

Three studies examine how the future prospects of new group members affect newcomer acceptance and newcomer influence. In Study 1, participants anticipate accepting temporary newcomers less easily than permanent newcomers because they expect temporary newcomers to differ from the group. In Study 2, the effects of newcomer entry in three-person groups are examined. Results show that groups perceived temporary newcomers as more involved in a judgmental decision-making process than permanent newcomers. In Study 3, a hidden profile task confirms that temporary newcomers indeed shared more unique knowledge during discussions than permanent newcomers and that this enhanced the groups' decision quality. However, compared to permanent newcomers, temporary newcomers caused teams to experience more conflict and less group identification, illustrating the tension between innovative group performance and group cohesion. The results are discussed in light of the social identity perspective and research on minority influence.
Surgical treatment for neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy: clinical and surgical aspects and seizure outcome.

OBJECT The goal of this paper was to describe the clinical and surgical aspects of a group of patients suffering from drug-resistant neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), as well as seizure outcomes and factors affecting seizure outcomes in these patients. METHODS This study was based on data prospectively collected and retrospectively evaluated. Sixty-two patients with neocortical TLE constituted the study population. Only patients who underwent corticectomies, lesionectomies, lateral anterior lobe resections, and/or multiple subpial transections were included. The pathological areas resected in these patients could be separated into three groups composed of 35 neoplastic lesions, 23 nonneoplastic lesions, and three nonlesional areas. The mean duration of follow-up review in these patients was 21.9+/-14 months. Outcomes were categorized according to Engel classes. Class I was found in 79% of the patients and Class II in 11%. Invasive presurgical evaluation was performed in 43% of the patients. There were only temporary complications (3.3% surgical and 1.6% neurological) and no deaths. In summary, lesions confirmed on histological examination were rarely found in patients with neocortical TLE. Low-grade tumors were the most commonly found lesions in these patients and the most common tumor was ganglioglioma. Outcome was best for those patients with neoplastic lesions and was independent of the duration of their seizures. Outcome was little influenced by the type of resection performed and was found to be as good as that achieved in patients with mesial TLE. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the concept of lateral or neocortical TLE as a distinct entity is useful. Surgery for neocortical TLE can be considered a viable treatment option that is associated with a low morbidity rate and good outcomes.
Correlation between Ultrasound Aspects, Per-Operative Macroscopic and Histopathological Aspects of Thyroid Nodules

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the correlation between ultrasound aspect per-operative macroscopic and histopathological aspects of thyroid nodules in Abidjan. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, prospective study; it is an analytical and a descriptive type one. It has been carried out over a period of 5 years and 5 months on 61 patients who has undergone surgery for a thyroid nodular pathology in the ORL departments of the University Hospitals of Abidjan and extended to a specialized Polyclinic of the city. Results: The frequency of the thyroid nodular surgery was 64.4%. The study involved 54 women (88.5%) and 7 men (11.5%) and the average age was 43.77 years old ± 14. The correlation between ultrasound and histopathological aspects was insignificant; the sensitivity was 83% and the specificity, 67%. The correlation between per-operative macroscopic aspects and the histopathological results were insignificant. The per-operative macroscopy sensitivity was 17%, the peroperative macroscopy specificity (70%) (insignificant). Conclusion: The pre-operative ultrasound and per-operative macroscopic aspects of thyroid nodules do not always reflect the post-operative histopathological results. This enhances the interest of a candid and continuous co-operation among ORL surgeons, endocrinologists, radiologists and pathologists.
Energy efficiency optimization for fading MIMO non-orthogonal multiple access systems

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is expected to be a promising multiple access techniques for 5G networks due to its superior spectral efficiency (SE). In this paper, we study the energy efficiency (EE) optimization for the fading multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) NOMA systems with statistical channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. The EE optimization problem is formulated to maximize the system EE (defined by ergodic capacity under unit power consumption) under the total transmit power constraint and the minimum rate constraint of the weak user. We propose the near optimal power allocation schemes and also the suboptimal closed-form solutions. Numerical results show that the proposed NOMA schemes significantly outperform the traditional orthogonal multiple access scheme with open loop MIMO transmission in terms of both SE and EE.
Studies on the efficiencies of disinfectants for use on inaminate objects. III. Physicochemical factors affecting survace disinfection.

MCCULLOCH, E. C. 1947 The real and apparent bactericidal efficiencies of quaternary ammonium compounds. J. Bacteriol. , 53: 370. MCCULLOCH, E. C. , HAUGE, S. , AND MIGAKI, H. 1948 The role of disinfectants in veterinary medicine. II. A critical evaluation of the quaternary ammonium compounds. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. , 112: 283-290. STUART, L. S. 1947 N.A.I.D. M. -U.S.D.A. report on quaternary ammonium testing. Soap Sanit. Chemicals, 23(9), 135-145. STUART, L. S. , BOGUSKY, J., AND FRIEDL, J. L. 1950 Difficulties encountered in testing quaternary ammonium germicides. Soap Sanit. Chemicals, 26(1), 121-125, 137. STUART, L. S. , ORTENZIO, L. F. , AND FRIEDL, J. L. 1953 Use dilution confirmation tests for results secured by phenol coefficient methods. J. Assoc. Offic. Agr. Chemists, 36: 466-480. VARLEY, J. C. , AND REDDISH, G. F. 1936 The phenol coefficient as a measure of the practical value of disinfectants. J. Bacteriol. , 32: 215-225.
The Dyspnea-Anxiety-Dyspnea Cycle—COPD Patients’ Stories of Breathlessness: “It’s Scary /When you Can’t Breathe”

Dyspnea, the major symptom associated with acute exacerbation events of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a subjective experience. Extensive research has been done on the pathophysiology and affective components of dyspnea; however, the precise physical mechanism of breathlessness remains elusive. One purpose of this narrative research was to explore the affective component of dyspnea/anxiety as described by patients living with COPD characterized by acute illness events. Ten patient-family units participated in interviews during an acute episode of the patient’s lung disease. They described their understanding of acute dyspnea as an experience inextricably related to anxiety and emotional functioning. Their stories suggest that given the absence of clear objective measures of illness severity, patient-reported anxiety might provide an important marker during acute exacerbation events. Health care providers need to recognize anxiety as an important and potentially measurable sign of invisible dyspnea for end-stage patients with COPD in acute respiratory distress.
A Guide to Text Analysis with Latent Semantic Analysis in R with Annotated Code: Studying Online Reviews and the Stack Exchange Community

: In this guide, we introduce researchers in the behavioral sciences in general and MIS in particular to text analysis as done with latent semantic analysis (LSA). The guide contains hands-on annotated code samples in R that walk the reader through a typical process of acquiring relevant texts, creating a semantic space out of them, and then projecting words, phrase, or documents onto that semantic space to calculate their lexical similarities. R is an open source, popular programming language with extensive statistical libraries. We introduce LSA as a concept, discuss the process of preparing the data, and note its potential and limitations. We demonstrate this process through a sequence of annotated code examples: we start with a study of online reviews that extracts lexical insight about trust. That R code applies singular value decomposition (SVD). The guide next demonstrates a realistically large data analysis of Stack Exchange , a popular Q&A site for programmers. That R code applies an alternative sparse SVD method. All the code and data are available on github.com.
Predictors of the relationships between nutritional supplement use and weight-modification goals of U.S. Army soldiers.

BACKGROUND U.S. Army Soldiers must meet body weight and composition standards and consequently may use nutritional supplements (NS) purported to assist in weight modification (WM). Nutritional supplements are dietary supplements (DS) and foods intended to supplement the diet. PURPOSE This study assessed relationships between NS use, demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and WM goals among U.S. Army personnel. METHODS Participants (N = 990) self-reported NS use, categorized as energy drinks, sport nutrition products, or DS, and WM goal (lose, gain, or maintain) was ascertained by survey. DS were subcategorized as health, weight-loss, weight-gain, or other DS. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to assess relationships between predictors, NS use, and WM goal. Most respondents (70.3% ± 1.7%) consumed some NS; however, overall NS use was not related to WM goal. Significant relationships were observed between predictors (tobacco use, age, body-mass index, fitness score, general health, and eating habits) and both WM goal and NS use. Respondents attempting to lose or maintain weight were less likely to consume energy drinks and weight-gain DS. CONCLUSION WM goal is related to multiple health behaviors including tobacco use, physical fitness score, and self-perception of health and eating behavior. NS are consumed in this population regardless of WM goal.
The neural basis of individual differences in mate poaching

ABSTRACT This study tested the hypothesis that individual differences in the activity of the orbitofrontal cortex, a region implicated in value-based decision-making, are associated with the preference for a person with a partner, which could lead to mate poaching. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), male participants were presented with facial photographs of (a) attractive females with a partner, (b) attractive females without a partner, (c) unattractive females with a partner, and (d) unattractive females without a partner. The participants were asked to rate the degree to which they desired a romantic relationship with each female using an 8-point scale. The participants rated attractive females higher than unattractive females, and this effect was associated with ventral striatum activation. The participants also indicated lower ratings for females with a partner than for females without a partner, and this effect was associated with parietal cortex activation. As predicted, the participants characterized by higher orbitofrontal activity demonstrated a greater willingness to engage in a romantic relationship with females who have a partner compared with females who do not have a partner. These results are the first to provide a possible neural explanation for why certain individuals are willing to engage in mate poaching.
Pulse monthly steroids during an elective interruption of natalizumab: a post‐marketing study

Background and purpose: Temporary discontinuation of natalizumab is sometimes considered as the observed risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, interruption of natalizumab may result in a re‐start of disease activity.
Tubal pelvic damage: Prediction and prognosis

Tubal pelvic damage is a common cause of infertility, and laparoscopy is the accepted gold standard for its diagnosis. However, laparoscopy is both costly and invasive. Chlamydia is now recognized as the most common cause of tubal pelvic damage. In contrast to laparoscopy, evidence of past chlamydial infection using serology is readily avilable, and the test is simple and quick to perform. As such, serology can be used as a screening test in infertile women. It is accepted that screening tests may have higher margins of error and may be less accurate than diagnostic tests. Screening is most valuable when detecting a disease for which the treatment is more effective when undertaken at the earliest opportunity. Because there are justified constraints to the indiscriminate use of laparoscopy, there is a need to minimize the number of patients who do not have disease (false positives) who are subjected to this diagnostic investigation. An appropriate Chlamydia antibody titre that would distinguish women at risk of tubal pelvic damage should be determined using diagnostic test analysis and clinical judgement. Identification by serology of women who are likely to have damage would enable these women to undergo a diagnostic test such as laparoscopy sooner, allowing treatment to be provided earlier. However, the severity of tubal pelvic damage varies, and the need to distinguish women with a favourable or unfavourable prognosis after treatment using a simple classification system is discussed.
Merkezi Sınavların Okul Kültürüne Yansımalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Bu arastirmanin amaci merkezi sinavlarin, ortaogretim kurumlarinin kulturune yansimalarini kulturel bicimler, degerler ve temel varsayimlar duzeylerinde; davranislar, ic paydaslarla ve cevre ile iliskiler boyutlarinda yonetici, ogretmen ve veli goruslerine dayanarak belirlemektir. Arastirmada, nitel arastirma yontemlerinden butuncul coklu durum deseni secilmistir. Arastirmanin verileri alti farkli okuldan yirmi dort kisiyle gerceklestirilen gorusmelerden elde edilmistir. Merkezi sinavlarla ilgili gerceklesen son degisiklikleri de kapsayacak bicimde merkezi sinavlarin okulun amac ve hedefleri, yonetim anlayisi, okuldaki basariya yonelik degerler, yonetici-ogretmen-ogrenci iliskileri, okul-cevre iliskileri uzerindeki etkilerine iliskin sorular yoneltilmistir. Betimsel analiz yontemiyle cozumlenen verilerden elde edilen bulgular merkezi sinavlarin meslek liseleri disindaki ortaogretim kurumlarinda rekabet kulturu meydana getirdigini ve bu durumun okullardaki ogrencilerin ruhsal durumlarina ve davranislarina yansidigini gostermektedir. Ogretmenlerin uzerinde baski ve stres olustugu, ogretmenlerin ogretim ve olcme-degerlendirme sureclerini merkezi sinavlara uyumlu hale getirdigi, kendilerini yorgun hissettikleri anlasilmaktadir. Cok sayida ogrencinin temel liselere gecis yaptigi, okulda acilan destekleme ve yetistirme kurslarinda dershanelerin model alindigi ifade edilmektedir.
Variation of hypericins in Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra growing in different locations of Turkey during plant growth

The principle medicinal secondary metabolites present in Hypericum species are thought to be naphthodianthrones hypericin and pseudohypericin. The present study was conducted to determine ontogenetic and morphogenetic variations of hypericin and pseudohypericin contents in Hypericum triquetrifolium growing in two sites located in Northern Turkey. Plants were harvested at vegetative, flowering and fructification stages. Plants were dissected into stem, leaf and reproductive tissues at the time of harvest, dried separately and assayed for hypericin and pseudohypericin contents by high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypericin and pseudohypericin concentrations in the leaves and reproductive parts were highest at flowering and fructification, whereas the stem contents of these compounds decreased with advancing plant growth in both sites. The leaves contained higher concentrations of both naphthodianthrones than the stems or reproductive parts of H. triquetrifolium.