Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of effect of isobaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric bupivacaine on haemodynamic variables in thorcic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies

Background: Regional anaesthesia has always been an attractive option for laparoscopic surgeries in patients who are not fit for general anaesthesia. Also, regional anaesthesia has certain advantages over general anaesthesia like lesser oropharyngeal morbidity, lesser blood loss and decreased chances of thrombosis. Lumbar spinal anaesthesia has been synonymous with the term regional anaesthesia for laparoscopic surgeries for quite some time now. In the light of recent works by Imbelloni and Zundert, thoracic spinal anaesthesia has been shown to be a promising alternative not only for healthy patients but for high risk patients as well. Baricity defines the density of the drug with respect to CSF density. This undoubtedly makes it is one of the most important factors that influence drug distribution in the subarachnoid space. Drugs of differing baricities have been studied previously in lumbar spinal anaesthesia. We aimed at studying the behaviour of isobaric and hyperbaric bupivacaine using a different approach which in this study was thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia. Authors evaluated the haemodynamic changes as well as neurological and any other post operative complications that occurred in any of the patients.Methods: There were 60 ASA I and II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy who were chosen for this study. They were randomly divided into two equal groups - group I and group H. Thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSE) was performed at T9-T10 / T10-T11 interspace. Patients in group I received 1.5ml of isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% (5mg/ml) + 25µg (0.5ml) of fentanyl and group H patients were given 1.5ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (5mg/ml) + 25µg (0.5ml) of fentanyl.Results: There was no significant difference among the haemodynamic variables between the two groups and no neurological complication was seen in any patient.Conclusions: Thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia allows haemodynamic stability in laparoscopic cholecystectomies with minimal neurological and post operative complications irrespective of baricity of the drug used.
Providing basic genetic education to paramedical/health professionals at selected Indian ophthalmic centers

Introduction: In developed nations like the United States of America, genetic counselors help patients understand the health implications of genetic information. However, in developing countries, overwhelming patient volumes and a lack of genetic providers has hindered the progression of genetics as part of patient evaluation. The goal of the present study is to implement genetic education in locations where practicing genetic counselors are unavailable to aid the physician in patient management. This pilot study focuses on ophthalmic genetics in nine eye clinics throughout India that requested such an intervention as part of a national research group in 2011. Methods: The project consisted of two phases: education and implementation. The educational phase involved the creation and dissemination of an online training course designed for paramedical and health professionals. The course focused on the basics of genetics, communication of genetic concepts, and how to construct a three-generation pedigree. Pre- and post-test assessments were used to assess efficacy. A field trip to India to conduct in-person course review workshops was completed. The implementation phase allowed participants to integrate skills from the course into clinical practice for 6 months. After the implementation period, a second, non-interventional field trip to India allowed for clinical observations of patient pathway, content of interaction, and clinical supervision. Site supervisors were asked for feedback and to disclose any adverse events (defined as any negative event as a direct result of provision of genetic education) that occurred during the implementation period. Results: Nine clinics in India completed the project. Average pre- and post-test score differences were statistically significant (p<0.05) in all modules. While all 9 centers have used genetic education with consistency, with pedigree-taking being the most widely implemented practice, 7 of 9 have sustained its use. Clinical observations revealed that all participants can construct three-generation pedigrees and zero adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This pilot project is significant to public health because demonstrates an effective method of teaching the study population basic aspects of clinical genetics and that safe implementation of these skills with perceived benefit is realistic. Sustained implementation depends on a distinct patient pathway with defined responsibilities.
The measurement and significance of fines

L'ajout de fines a une pâte chimique permet d'ameliorer considerablement la consolidation de la feuille et un bon nombre de caracteristiques de resistance de la feuille seche. Toutefois, les fines reduisent radicalement l'egouttage de la pâte et la porosite de la feuille; la pâte se comporte comme si elle etait tres raffinee. La baisse de l'egouttage entraine un mauvais essorage. Une faible porosite retient l'humidite dans la feuille et ralentit la vitesse de sechage. Ces deux facteurs contribuent a reduire la productivite de la pâte ou de la machine a papier. Une accumulation de fines dans la composition de fabrication entrainera de telles situations. Les fibres sont importantes dans la fabrication du papier et elles doivent etre mesurees avec precision. Les analyseurs optiques de la longueur des fibres actuels peuvent ne pas indiquer la teneur en fines appropriee.
Jazz, Mediation, Ontology

While the ontology of musical works is a venerable theme in the philosophy of music, works of classical music have been the primary focus of study. This essay displaces that focus by considering the ontology of musical works in relation to jazz ‘standards’. Responding primarily to realist conceptions of musical works for performance, the essay outlines an emergent, non-essentialist, network-based ontology of jazz standards. By focusing on two key operations—replication and nomination—a philosophical and musicological argument is presented where ‘work-determinative’ properties are shown to be sufficient but not necessary. Under this concept, works are corrigible and subject to mediation. Not only do subsequent performances change the nature of the work, the very act of ‘replication’ (or musical reproduction) requires social mediation. After presenting the argument, a series of broad contrasts are drawn between the network-based concept of musical works and the realist view.
Diagnostic value of HBME-1 and CK19 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma, well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential, and benign thyroid nodules

Background The diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is based on nuclear features; however, identification of these features is inconsistent and controversial, and accordingly, the microscopic distinction of PTC from other benign thyroid lesions may be difficult. Aim The current study was aimed to assess the diagnostic value of HBME-1 and CK19 antibodies in the differentiation of PTCs from their benign mimics and well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP). Methods The study was conducted on 52 cases of surgically removed thyroid lesions, which were received at Ain Shams University Hospitals during the period from July 2007 to July 2009. The present work comprised 25 cases of PTC, 16 cases of benign thyroid lesions, and 11 cases of WDT-UMP. Paraffin sections from these cases were immunostained for HBME-1 and CK19. After evaluation of both immunohistochemical markers in different studied groups, a protocol was suggested to identify the various degrees of risk potential for malignancy. Results The results showed that HBME-1 immunoreactivity was positive in 92% of PTC cases compared with 96% of CK19, with the majority of cases showing diffuse strong immunostaining. In the benign thyroid lesions, HBME-1 immunoreactivity was negative in all cases, compared with 68.8% of CK19 cases. HBME-1 showed a higher specificity (100%) and diagnostic accuracy (95%) than CK19, whereas CK19 showed a higher sensitivity (96%). The combined expression of HBME-1 and CK19 enhanced the specificity (69%) and diagnostic accuracy (82.5%) of CK19 markedly. There was a highly statistically significant difference between PTC, WDT-UMP1, and benign thyroid lesions with regard to the distribution of HBME-1 immunoreactivity (P<0.0001). As for CK19 expression, there was a significant difference between PTC and WDT-UMP cases (P<0.05), but no statistical significance between WDT-UMP and benign cases (P>0.05). According to our suggested protocol in evaluating the 11 cases of WDT-UMP, six cases were classified as malignant (54%), one case as suspicious of malignancy (9.1%), two cases as WDT-UMP (borderline) for strict follow-up (18.2%), and two cases as benign (18.2%). Conclusion HBME-1 attained a higher specificity and CK19 attained a higher sensitivity, which means that the two immunohistochemical markers may be complementary to each other in diagnosing PTC and differentiating it from the benign and borderline lesions.
An evidential reasoning extension of model-based failure diagnosis

A model-based failure detection and isolation methodology is considered which utilizes diagnostic models consisting of orthogonal parity equations. To improve the robustness of the algorithm, several models may be used in parallel, providing potentially incomplete and/or conflicting inferences. Dempster's rule of combination is used to integrate evidence from the different models. The probability measures are assigned on the basis of quantitative information extracted from the online model computations. A simulation example is presented. <<ETX>>
Cochlear Implants and Remote Microphone Technology

Abstract Advances in cochlear implant (CI) technology have allowed for impressive outcomes for implant recipients. In fact, many CI recipients achieve ceiling-level scores (i.e., near 100%) on sentence-recognition tests in quiet used in clinical settings. It is, however, well known that CI users often continue to experience difficulty with speech understanding in noisy and reverberant environments (e.g., classroom, restaurant, etc.). Recent research has indicated that performance in these difficult situations may be improved through the use of wireless remote microphone technology. In this article, a review will be provided of several studies that have explored the use of wireless remote microphones for CI users. Specifically, this review will focus on studies that have addressed both induction neckloop and directly coupled radiofrequency (RF) systems, fixed receiver gain settings, audio mixing ratio, adaptive frequency-modulated (FM) systems, cochlear implant signal processing, and digital RF systems. The effect of each of these items on a CI recipient's performance will be discussed. Additionally, clinical tips to optimize hearing assistance technology benefit for CI users will be provided as well as a protocol for fitting and verifying the appropriateness of wireless remote microphone technology for CI users and for optimizing user benefit.
Knowledge and Practice of Infant Feeding by Nursing Mothers Living with HIV/AIDS Attending University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria

Objective: The increasing rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevalence and the corresponding risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) have created a barrier to some mother’s knowledge and practice towards infant feeding. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of infant feeding of nursing mothers living with HIV/AIDS. Subjects and Methods: One hundred (100) HIV+ mothers attending the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital were used for this study. Structured and validated questionnaires were used to obtain information on the knowledge and practices of infant feeding. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The result showed that 79% of the mothers agreed that breast milk is the best for babies, while 63% agreed that colostrum protects baby against infections and certain allergies; 11% and 14 % felt it was dangerous and should be discarded, respectively. Only 35% of the mothers indicated that HIV/AIDS mothers could breastfeed their babies, while 58% felt that they should not for various reasons, including the fear of transmission (39%) and death of child (22%). The mothers were aware of the different routes of transmission of HIV to the child. Feeding options of the mothers include breastfeeding only (29%), mixed feeding (16%), replacement feeding (32%) and surrogate mother (9%). Only 14% of the respondents initiated breastfeeding immediately after birth of their babies. Reasons for late onset of breastfeeding include: late let down of breast milk (43%), mother’s ill health (24.4%), Caesarian section (17.4%) and avoidance of giving baby ‘bad milk’ (15%). An equal number of mothers (49%) gave warm water only or warm water with glucose within the first few hours of birth. Conclusion: Proper nutrition education and enforcement of the WHO recommendation on infant feeding options of mothers living with HIV/AIDS is needed to assist the HIV+ mothers to start engaging in proper infant feeding. Key words: Infant feeding practices, HIV positive, nursing mothers, knowledge, perception, Nigeria
PROSES REDUKSI SELEKTIF BIJIH NIKEL LIMONIT MENGGUNAKAN ZAT ADITIF CaSO4

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum pada proses reduksi selektif bijih nikel limonit menggunakan zat aditif CaSO 4 dan diikuti dengan pemisahan magnetik untuk mendapatkan peningkatan kadar nikel. Proses reduksi selektif dilakukan pada rentang suhu 800 - 1100 °C, waktu reduksi 1 – 4 jam, serta penambahan reduktor dan aditif 5% - 20%. Preparasi bijih nikel limonit dilakukan dengan pemanasan bijih dalam oven, pengecilan ukuran dan pengayakan untuk mendapatkan bijih dengan ukuran lolos 100 mesh. Kemudian dilakukan pencampuran bijih nikel limonit dengan reduktor dan aditif. Campuran bijih nikel limonit kemudian direduksi dalam muffle furnace carbolite pada suhu dan waktu tertentu. Hasil reduksi kemudian ditimbang dan dikonsentrasikan menggunakan proses pemisahan magnetik dan hasilnya dianalisis dengan metode AAS ( atomic absorption spectrometry ) untuk mengetahui kadar Ni pada konsentrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu reduksi, peningkatan kadar Ni dan metalisasi logam Ni semakin tinggi, dengan terbentuknya logam Ni yang terpisah dari logam Fe. Hal yang sama juga terjadi jika waktu reduksi semakin lama. Namun, semakin banyak penambahan reduktor pada campuran reduksi, peningkatan kadar Ni semakin kecil. Penambahan CaSO 4 dapat meningkatkan kadar nikel namun belum memberikan kecenderungan hasil yang baik. Peningkatan kadar Ni tertinggi yang didapatkan adalah 2,44%. Direkomendasikan untuk menggunakan suhu reduksi 1100 °C, waktu reduksi 1 jam, penambahan reduktor 10% dan penambahan aditif CaSO 4 20%.
Characterization and Analysis of NTP Amplifier Traffic

Network Time Protocol based DDoS attacks saw a lot of popularity throughout 2014. This paper shows the characterization and analysis of two large datasets containing packets from NTP based DDoS attacks captured in South Africa. Using a series of Python based tools, the dataset is analysed according to specific parts of the packet headers. These include the source IP address and Time-to-Live (TTL) values. The analysis found the top source addresses and looked at the TTL values observed for each address. These TTL values can be used to calculate the probable operating system or DDoS attack tool used by an attacker. We found that each TTL value seen for an address can indicate the number of hosts attacking the address or indicate minor routing changes. The Time-to-Live values are then analysed as a whole to find the total number used throughout each attack. The most frequent TTL values are then found and show that the majority of them indicate the attackers are using an initial TTL of 255. This value can indicate the use of a certain DDoS tool that creates packets with that exact initial TTL. The TTL values are then put into groups that can show the number of IP addresses a group of hosts are targeting. The paper discusses our work with two brief case studies correlating observed data to real-world attacks, and the observable impact thereof.
A review of renal, cardiovascular and mortality endpoints in antihypertensive trials in diabetic patients

Abstract Renal disease is highly prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes, and co-existence with hypertension increases the risk of cardiac events and mortality. Despite many large randomized trials, controversies remain regarding optimal antihypertensive therapy in diabetic patients, including whether some classes of antihypertensive drugs have specific renal protective properties, and the relationships between renal, cardiovascular and mortality endpoints. In this article, we review landmark antihypertensive drug trials from the last two decades in patient populations composed, or including substantial proportions, of patients with type 2 diabetes. Several points emerge. Firstly, treatment effects can vary widely among different renal, cardiovascular and mortality endpoints. Secondly, combinations of antihypertensive drugs vary in their ability to prevent major renal and cardiovascular events, even if they produce similar reductions in blood pressure. Thirdly, simply adding further antihypertensive drugs may not improve outcomes, even if it produces further reductions in blood pressure. In most trials, a reduction in microalbuminuria was associated with evidence of renal protection, but further evidence is needed relating changes in proteinuria with cardiovascular risk. The study that aligns best with the current reappraisal of ESH guidelines, with regard to blood pressure goals, use of an adequate combination and simultaneously protecting the kidney and the cardiovascular system, is the ADVANCE study.
Inhibition of cholinesterases following percutaneous intoxication with V agents in rats

Abstract Female Wistar rats were percutaneously (p.c.) intoxicated (1xLD50) with VX and its two derivatives differing in their substitution on nitrogen (diethyl- and dibutyl- derivatives). Blood cholinesterase activity was continuously monitored; 100 min after the intoxication (or after death), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was determined in diaphragm and brain parts (pontomedullar area – PM, frontal cortex – FC, and basal ganglia – BG). Blood ChE activity remains unchanged at very short interval (5 min) after VX administration; this interval was prolonged for diethyl- and dibutyl derivatives. AChE activity was decreased to 20–30% of control values in diaphragm, then in FC (60–70%) and PM (54–74%). AChE activity in BG was relatively resistant (cca 80%). When the AChE activity was compared for all three agents in relationship to survival (11 animals) or death (7 animals), significant differences between the activities in survived (32%) and died (13%) rats were demonstrated in diaphragm but not in the blood. This tendency (higher AChE activity in survived animals) was also observed in PM and FC, however, not statistically significant. It is concluded that both parts of the molecule – substitution on nitrogen atom and the rest of agent molecule (phosphorus head) probably influence penetration through the skin and simultaneously AChE inhibition. As hypothesis, AChE activity in diaphragm could be important for survival or death in case of acute p.c. intoxication with these types of V agents.
Statistical Reasoning For The Behavioral Sciences

statistical reasoning for the behavioral sciences is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the statistical reasoning for the behavioral sciences is universally compatible with any devices to read.
The Anatomy of Story

The current and estimated future shortage of nurses presents a threat to the health of both nursing professionals and those in their care. Stress and burnout are contributors to turnover among nurses and needs to be addressed. Story as a potential self-care strategy has the potential to promote health and wellbeing among nurses, which may increase satisfaction among nurses and decrease turnover in the profession. This study used a qualitative descriptive design with content analysis to: 1) describe the use of story and story sharing/telling in nursing practice, and 2) describe how story contributes to the nursing workplace. Findings revealed that stories are inherent in the practice of professional nursing. Nurses share a common bond and connection through sharing stories about the nursing profession. This connection spans generations, care settings, specialty, levels of education, training and experience. Nurses also use story as a way of remembering and processing information and to teach and mentor each other through the experiences they encounter in work settings. This sharing on the job and outside of work settings is more memorable and valuable to nurses than what they learn in the classroom or through textbooks and case study presentations. Story creates ease for nurses through validation of shared human experience. When an individual feels heard both the storyteller and listener benefit from the understanding that is gained from the exchange. The greatest barrier to this exchange within nursing practice is time. Nurses believe that there is a limited amount of time due to the complexity of the work environment, demands on their time, and the structure of the healthcare system.
Mobile Phone Data Analysis: A Spatial Exploration Toward Hotspot Detection

The percentage of processed large-scale heterogeneous data is exploding and technology is the most obvious reason for the big data issue. Nowadays, the results of data expansion are showing up in different fields. The users’ contextual data are valuable in engineering and business domains, e.g., transportation, location-based services, and advertisement industry. Take mobile phones as an example. There are billions of subscriptions worldwide and sensor devices are digitizing people interactions. The data volume generated by mobile phones and the need to make better, fact-based, and real-time decisions, are the challenges facing researchers. Recently, new technologies based on cloud computing have emerged to process and analyze a large volume of data. We have utilized such technologies for the analysis of call detail records with the collaboration with a telecommunications company. We present an exploratory spatial data analysis algorithm and its analysis results. To prioritize different areas, detecting hotspots in a fast and accurate way is our objective. The findings of this research work can be helpful for urban planning and development as well as telecommunication infrastructure upgrading. Note to Practitioners—This paper proposes novel spatial analysis to detect the spatial distribution of mobile phones. It concerns the correlation of various spatial objects regarding their spatial and nonspatial dimensions to detect dependency among them. We have constructed a weighted neighbor list of spatial objects and implemented different autocorrelation tests regarding the variable of interests to compute spatial dependencies. By applying a Kernel Density method, we have identified the distributions. The results of density estimation demonstrate that the proposed approach is effective and feasible. Such analysis can help organizations better implement monitoring and evaluation plans at all levels and make the necessary infrastructure improvement to satisfy user requirements.