Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EXSOLUTION OF ZIRCONIAN-HAFNIAN WODGINITE FROM MANGANOAN-TANTALIAN CASSITERITE, ANNIE CLAIM #3 GRANITIC PEGMATITE, SOUTHEASTERN MANITOBA, CANADA

Primary (Mn,Fe,Ta,Nb)-bearing cassiterite with ≤0.21 wt. % ZrO 2 and ≤0.05 wt. % HfO 2 crystallized during the consolidation of the Archean Annie Claim #3 zoned, lepidolite-subtype granitic pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba, in amounts increasing from the outer to the inner pegmatite zones. Rare inclusions of tantalite and ferrotapiolite originated from transient local saturation in these phases. Sparse early cassiterite from the outer intermediate zone is rather rich in substituting elements and in part Fe-dominant, whereas the more abundant late cassiterite from the lepidolite core is strongly Mn-dominant and poor in the substituents. Exsolution in the primary cassiterite generated granular zirconian-hafnian ferrowodginite and wodginite enclosed in veinlets of substituent-depleted cassiterite. The Fe/Mn and Nb/Ta values of the wodginite phases mimic those of the primary cassiterite across the pegmatite zones, and Zr/Hf perceptibly decreases from the outer zones inward. Maximum contents of ZrO 2 and HfO 2 (5.98 and 1.59 wt.%, respectively; 0.31 Zr and 0.04 Hf apfu ) are the highest so far encountered in wodginite-group minerals. These maxima characterize wodginite exsolved from early cassiterite; the levels drop off in wodginite exsolved in late cassiterite. Instead, hafnian zircon intergrown with abundant thorian coffinite becomes abundant in the lepidolite core, indicating a transition of Zr + Hf from octahedral sites in the oxide minerals to the much more common 8-fold coordination in the orthosilicate; this shift implies a transition from relatively alkaline to more acidic conditions.
Do Ration Shop Systems Increase Welfare? Theory and an Application to India

In many developing countries households can purchase limited quantities of goods at a fixed subsidized price through ration shops. This paper asks whether these countries' characteristics justify the use of such ration shop systems. I find an equity-efficiency trade-off: an efficiencymaximizing government will never use ration shops but a welfare-maximizing one might, to redistribute and provide insurance. Welfare gains from introducing ration shops are highest for necessity goods with high price risk. I calibrate the model for India and find that ration shops are indeed welfare-improving for three of the four goods sold through the system today.
Influence of personality factors on job satisfaction among secondary school counsellors in Selangor

This research is designed to identify school counsellors’ personality factors and to determine whether these factors determine the counsellors’ work satisfaction. Furthermore, the research is also designed to gauge the counsellors’ level of work satisfaction. 310 secondary school counsellors from 10 different districts in the state of Selangor were randomly selected as respondents. The research uses the quantitative approach. Data is obtained through a translated questionnaire taken from BFI and JDI. The reliability factor of the instrument is between 0.73 to 0.80. 142 counsellors (45.8%) of the respondents recorded a high degree of job satisfaction; 143 (46.1%) recorded average satisfaction while 25 (8.1%) respondents stated a low level of satisfaction. The results of the research also indicate that, with reference to the relationship between personality factor and job satisfaction, two out of five personality factors (namely agreeableness and neuroticism) show significant relationship with job satisfaction. All relationships show a positive correlation except for the relationship between agreeableness and neuroticism factors and job satisfaction. The results also indicate a significant influence of personality factor towards the counsellors’ job satisfaction. The implication of the study is also discussed and proposed in this article.
Study of Electrochemical Oxidation of Catechol in the Presence of Sulfanilic Acid at Different pH

The electrochemical behavior of catechol in the pre sence of sulfanilic acid has been examined in aqueous solution with numerous pH value s, different electrodes and different concentration of sulfanilic acid, using c yclic voltammetry, controlled potential coulometry and differential pulse voltammetry. The reaction of o-benzoquinone with sulfanilic acid in the second scan of potential was ob erved. It is assumed that the reaction occurred between the sulfonate group of su lfanilic acid and quinone, rather than between the amino group of sulfanilic acid and quinone. The products derived from the reaction are associated with electrons tra nsfer at more negative potentials than those from catechols. The significance of catechol’ s pH in presence of sulfanilic acid was studied by varying pH from 2 to 9. The concentr ation influence of sulfanilic acid with the fixed concentration of catechol (2 mM) was determined from 2 mM to 12 mM. The reaction was toughly affected by the pH, as wel l as by the concentration of sulfanilic acid. The reaction was mostly promising 2 mM of sulfanilic acid and 2 mM of catechol at pH 7.
Distributional Analysis of Verbal Neologisms: Task Definition and Dataset Construction

English In this paper we introduce the task of interpreting verbal neologism (VNeo) for the Italian language making use of a highly context-sensitive distributional semantic model (DSM). The task is commonly performed manually by lexicographers verifying the contexts in which the VNeo appear. Developing such a task is likely to be of use from a cognitive, social and linguistic perspective. In the following, we first outline the motivation for our study and our goal, then focus on the construction of the dataset and the definition of the task.
ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF SIDA CORDIFOLIA (AQUEOUS EXTRACT) ON DIABETES INDUCED IN WISTAR RATS USING STREPTOZOTOCIN AND ITS PHYTOCHEMISTRY

Diabetes disorder has acquired an epidemic level and a threat for world population. All parts of plant Sida cordifolia are utilized for hypoglycemic activity. Bioactive component of aqueous extract of Sida cordifolia were phenolic, flavonoids, non-tannin and tannin. To create diabetes in Wistar rat, streptozotocin solution (0.5%) was freshly prepared in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.5) and administered (55mg/kg) in overnight fasted rats intraperitoneally. Rats of group-A served as control and diabetes was induced in rats of group-B, C, D and E. Diabetic rats of group-B designated as diabetic control were treated with carboxy methyl cellulose. Whereas diabetic rats of groups-C and D were treated with aqueous extract of Sida Cordifolia at two dosages (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg respectively) by oral route after mixing with carboxy methyl cellulose for 28 days. Rats of group-E were treated with Glibenclamide (5mg/kg) mixed in carboxy methyl cellulose for 28 days. Higher dose (400mg/kg) of Sida cordifolia significantly increases (P<0.05) body weight (186.66±6.67g) and significantly decreases blood glucose level (152.17±16.92mg/dl) of group-D diabetic rats on day 29th compared to day zero within the group. Also at same dose Sida cordifolia significantly (P<0.05) decreases total cholesterol (55.12±1.47mg/dl), triglycerides (45.95±1.56mg/dl), LDL (24.12±1.72mg/dl), plasma creatinine (0.54±0.07mg/dl), plasma urea nitrogen (58.59±3.25mmol/l), lipid peroxidation (5.90±0.34nmol MDA/ml) and significantly (P<0.05) increases HDL (34.76±1.66mg/dl), catalase (59.98±3.25Umol H2O2/min/mg of Hb) and superoxide dismutase (62.47±2.33U/mg of Hb) activity of group-D diabetic rats on day 29th compared to day zero within the group. The bioactive component of plant mainly flavonoids and alkaloids produces antidiabetic activity.
In vitro blood brain barrier models as a screening tool for colloidal drug delivery systems and other nanosystems

The brain is one of the least accessible organs of the body due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus making drug delivery to the brain quite a challenge. Various strategies have been explored to circumvent this physiological barrier, including the use of colloidal carriers. These carriers hold great promise as they may increase the delivery of drugs into the brain by protecting them from degradation and prolonging their circulation in the blood, as well as promoting their transport through the BBB. Moreover, functionalisation of these carriers with various ligands allows specific targeting of the central nervous system compartment. Additionally, various in vitro BBB models have been developed and are increasingly useful for screening of drug delivery systems, especially cell-based models that provide mechanistic information. In fact, this paper specifically reviews selected in vitro BBB models as a screening tool for drug delivery colloidal systems.
Incorporating innovation subsidies in the CDM framework: empirical evidence from Belgium

ABSTRACT This paper integrates innovation input and output effects of R&D subsidies into a modified Crépon–Duguet–Mairesse (CDM) model. Our results largely confirm insights of the input additionality literature, i.e. public subsidies complement private R&D investment. In addition, results point to positive output effects of both purely privately funded and subsidy-induced R&D. Furthermore, we do not find evidence of a premium or discount of subsidy-induced R&D in terms of its marginal contribution on new product sales when compared to purely privately financed R&D.
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1512 Neuropilin-1 regulation of tumor vascularization and growth

Morin, E. 2018. Neuropilin-1 regulation of tumor vascularization and growth. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1512. 69 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-513-0495-3. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones, is dysregulated during tumor progression as a result of chronic hypoxia and inflammation. Such alterations lead to a lack of vessel hierarchy, and the formation of poorly perfused, leaky and blunt-ended vessels, contributing to disease progression. This thesis explores the impact of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) presentation of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) to its cognate receptor, VEGFR2. NRP1 presentation of VEGF-A occurs in cis (when NRP1 and VEGFR2 are present on the same cell) or in trans (when molecules are present on adjacent cells). As shown in this thesis, the different modes of NRP1 presentation influence endothelial cell signaling and tumor angiogenesis. The overall aim with the studies has been to identify new biomarkers for cancer survival and potential therapeutic targets. In paper I, we explored if signaling downstream of VEGFR2 was affected by NRP1 presentation in cis compared to trans. Complex formation in trans was readily identified, however, the kinetics were delayed and prolonged, inhibiting VEGFR2 internalization and downstream signaling. Additionally, in vivo tumor studies in mice demonstrated that trans presentation of NRP1 led to early inhibition of angiogenesis and suppressed tumor initiation. In paper II, the presence and clinical impact of trans VEGFR2/NRP1 complexes in human cancer was investigated. We first identified gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC) as candidates for further investigation. VEGFR2/NRP1 complexes were identified in both tumor types but were more prevalent in PDAC. Trans presentation of NRP1 in PDAC correlated with a reduction in several vessel parameters and tumor cell proliferation. Importantly, this study identified the presence of trans complexes as an independent marker of longer overall survival for PDAC patients. In paper III, we explored the impact of NRP1 presentation modes on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patient survival. We performed in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) and immunofluorescence staining on a RCC cohort. Tumor cell NRP1, either trans-complexed with endothelial cell-expressed VEGFR2 as detected by in situ PLA, or alternatively, detected by immunofluorescent staining, was identified as an independent predictor of increased overall survival. These data reinforce the importance of the cell type-specific expression of cancer biomarkers.
Constraints on melt distribution from seismology: a case study in Ethiopia

Abstract Low seismic velocities and/or strong seismic anisotropy are often interpreted as being caused by partial melt. To better understand this, we used numerical modelling, varying the shape and amount of melt, to show how seismic phases are affected by melt. We observed that seismic waves are more sensitive to the shape than to the amount of melt. Rayleigh wave velocities were almost always reduced in the presence of melt, while Pn/wide-angle P-wave refraction and Love wave velocities showed low velocity anomalies for vertically aligned melt, but little anomaly for horizontally aligned melt. These data can therefore be used to determine the alignment of melt. Shear wave splitting/receiver functions showed strong anisotropy and can be used to constrain the strike of vertically aligned partial melt. We showed that melt in the mantle beneath Ethiopia is probably stored in low aspect ratio disc-like inclusions, suggesting that the melt is not in textural equilibrium. We estimated that 2–7% of the vertically aligned melt is stored beneath the Main Ethiopian Rift, >6% of the horizontally and vertically aligned melt is stored beneath the Red Sea Rift and 1–6% of the horizontally aligned melt is stored beneath the Danakil microplate. This supports the idea of strong shear-derived segregation of melt in the narrow Main Ethiopian Rift compared with that observed beneath Afar.
Strategy and the research process: A comment

The purpose of this paper is to expand the discussion of the ‘state-of-the-science’ in strategy research. We critically examine the role that theory plays in strategic research, and describe the principles underlying good theory. From a philosophy of science perspective, we argue that: (1) both inductive and deductive methods are valid ways of generating theory; (2) the falsificationist perspective provides an inadequate model for describing the process of theory testing; and (3) managers, researchers, public policy-makers, the popular press, and the public at large all have important roles to play in the knowledge development process.
The Effects of Tracing Prompts and Discrimination Training on Kindergarten Handwriting Performance

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of two kinds of letter formation practice and a form of letter discrimination training on the handwriting performance of approximately fifty kindergarten children. After being pretested, Ss were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: (1) copying only, (2) faded tracing only, (3) copying and letter discrimination training, and (4) faded tracing and letter discrimination training. After 10 weeks of instruction, it was found that the letter formation behavior of all groups had improved significantly. However, Ss who had received copying exercises performed significantly better than those who had received faded tracing exercises. Letter discrimination training had no effect on letter formation performance.
Subsoil constraints in Vertosols : crop water use, nutrient concentration, and grain yields of bread wheat, durum wheat, barley, chickpea, and canola

Single or multiple factors implicated in subsoil constraints including salinity, sodicity, and phytotoxic concentrations of chloride (Cl) are present in many Vertosols including those occurring in Queensland, Australia. The variable distribution and the complex interactions that exist between these constraints limit the agronomic or management options available to manage the soil with these subsoil constraints. The identification of crops and cultivars adapted to these adverse subsoil conditions and/or able to exploit subsoil water may be an option to maintain productivity of these soils. We evaluated relative performance of 5 winter crop species, in terms of grain yields, nutrient concentration, and ability to extract soil water, grown on soils with various levels and combinations of subsoil constraints in 19 field experiments over 2 years. Subsoil constraints were measured by levels of soil Cl, electrical conductivity of the saturation extract (ECse), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). Increasing levels of subsoil constraints significantly decreased maximum depth of water extraction, grain yield, and plant-available water capacity for all the 5 crops and more so for chickpea and durum wheat than bread wheat, barley, or canola. Increasing soil Cl levels had a greater restricting effect on water availability than did ECse and ESP. We developed empirical relationships between soil Cl, ECse, and ESP and crop lower limit (CLL) for estimating subsoil water extraction by 5 winter crops. However, the presence of gypsum influenced the ability to predict CLL based on the levels of ECse. Stronger relationships between apparent unused plant-available water (CLL - LL15; LL15 is lower limit at -1.5 MPa) and soil Cl concentrations than ESP or ECse suggested that the presence of high Cl in these soils most likely inhibited the subsoil water extraction by the crops. This was supported by increased sodium (Na) and Cl concentration with a corresponding decrease in calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) in young mature leaf of bread wheat, durum wheat, and chickpea with increasing levels of subsoil constraints. Of the 2 ions, Na and Cl, the latter appears to be more damaging than the former, resulting in plant dieback and reduced grain yields.
Business Groups and Profit Redistribution: A Boon or Bane for Firms?

This study investigates how profit redistribution affects the performance of firms affiliated to business groups.It shows that inefficient profit redistribution causes group-affiliated firms to perform poorly relative to independent firms.This underperformance persists even after controlling for other explanations such as diversification and resource transfers to unlisted firms.The study also shows that profit redistribution is more pronounced for groups of larger size and greater corporate control.The results of the study lend support for the inefficient profit redistribution explanation of the 'business group discount'.
Planck pre-launch status: The optical system

Planck is a scientific satellite that represents the next milestone in space-based research related to the cosmic microwave background, and in many other astrophysical fields. Planck was launched on 14 May of 2009 and is now operational. The uncertainty in the optical response of its detectors is a key factor allowing Planck to achieve its scientific objectives. More than a decade of analysis and measurements have gone into achieving the required performances. In this paper, we describe the main aspects of the Planck optics that are relevant to science, and the estimated in-flight performance, based on the knowledge available at the time of launch. We also briefly describe the impact of the major systematic effects of optical origin, and the concept of in-flight optical calibration. Detailed discussions of related areas are provided in accompanying papers.
Numerical Algorithm of Block Method for General Second Order ODEs using Variable Step Size

This paper outlines an alternative algorithm for solving general second order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Normally, the numerical method was designed for solving higher order ODEs by converting it into an n-dimensional first order equations with implementation of constant step length. Nevertheless, this involved a lot of computational complexity which led to consumption a lot of time. Consequently, a direct block multistep method with utilization of variable step size strategy is proposed. This method was developed for computing the solution at four points simultaneously and the derivation based on numerical integration as well as using interpolation approach. The convergence of the proposed method is justified under suitable conditions of stability and consistency. Five numerical examples are considered and some comparisons are made with the existing methods for demonstrating the validity and reliability of the proposed algorithm.
Constraining the thick disc formation scenario of the Milky Way

More than 30 years after its discovery, the thick disc of the Milky Way is not fully explored. We examine the shape of the thick disc in order to gain insight into the process of its formation. Methods. The shape of the thick disc is studied in detail using photometric data at high and intermediate latitudes from SDSS and 2MASS surveys. We adopted the population synthesis approach using an ABC-MCMC method to determine the potential degeneracies in the parameters, that can be caused by the mixing with the halo and with the thin disc. We characterised the thick disc shape, scale height, scale length, local density, and flare, and we investigated the extent of the thick disc formation period by simulating several formation episodes. Results. We find that the vertical variation in density is not exponential, but much closer to a hyperbolic secant squared. Assuming a single formation epoch, the thick disc is better fitted with a s ech 2 scale height of 470 pc and a scale length of 2.3 kpc. However, if one simulates two successive formation episodes, which mimicks an extended formation period, the older episode has a higher scale height and a longer scale length than the younger episode, which indicates a contraction during the collapse phase. The scale height decreases from 800 pc to 340 pc, the scale length from 3.2 kpc to 2 kpc. The likelihood is much higher when the thick disc formation extends over a longer period. We also show that star formation increases from the old episode to the young and that there is no flare in the outskirt of the thick disc during the main episode. We compare our results with formation scenarios of the thick disc. During the fitting process, the halo parameters are determined as well. If a power-law density is assumed, it has an exponent of 3.3 and an axis ratio of 0.7. Alternatively, a Hernquist shape would have an exponent of 2.76, an axis ratio of 0.77, and a core radius of 2.1 kpc. The constraint on the halo shows that a transition between an inner and outer halo, if it exists, cannot be at a distance shorter than about 30 kpc, which is the limit of our investigation using turno halo stars. Finally, we show that extrapolating the thick disc towards the bulge region explains well the stellar populations observed there, that there is no longer need to invoke a classical bulge. Conclusions. The facts that the thick-disc episode lasted for several billion years, that a contraction is observed during the collapse phase, and that the main thick disc has a constant scale height with no flare argue against the formation of the thick disc through radial migration. The most probable scenario for the thick disc is that it formed while the Galaxy was gravitationally collapsing from well-mixed gas-rich giant clumps that were sustained by high turbulence, which prevented a thin disc from forming for a time, as proposed previously. This scenario explains well the observations in the thick-disc region and in the bulge region.
Formulation and characterization of fast-dissolving tablet of promethazine theoclate

Fast-dissolving tablets (FDT) of promethazine theoclate were prepared by direct-compression method after incorporating superdisintegrants Ac-Di-Sol, Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG), and Crospovidone in different concentrations. Nine formulations having superdisintegrants at different concentration levels were prepared to assess their efficiency and critical concentration level. Different types of evaluation parameters for tablets were used. Tablets containing Ac- Di- Sol showed superior organoleptic properties, along with excellent in vitro and in vivo dispersion time and drug release, as compared to other formulations. Key words: Direct compression, promethazine theoclate, superdisintegrant