Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Chasm at Delphi

Those who have written upon the Greek Oracles in this country have been content, for the most part, to accept without criticism the traditional accounts of the procedure at these institutions. Where the meaning of a custom appears entirely strange and unsympathetic, there seems to be little to choose between one account of its details and another. Truth is hard enough to discover when the subject is intelligible; when the whole sphere of enquiry is dark its claims yield to those of the picturesque. This has been the fate of the oracles; their place in the life of the Greeks cannot be explained to the satisfaction of our reason and therefore they demand that they should be represented to our imagination with all possible violence. But the very reason which makes us prone to accept any account of the oracles and their procedure if it be sufficiently lurid and effective, should make us exercise the greatest caution before we endorse any traditional account as a fact. We are not the first to refuse our approbation to the oracles, and to demand in the place of intellectual conviction a striking appeal to the imagination.
Hubungan Prokrastinasi Akademik Dengan Ketidakjujuran Akademik Pada Mahasiswa Psikologi UIN Suska Riau

Adanya kecenderungan untuk tidak segera memulai ketika menghadapi suatu tugas merupakan indikasi dari perilaku menunda dan kelalaian dalam mengatur waktu. Pelaku prokrastinasi akademik pada umumnya mengerjakan tugas pada menit terakhir batas pengumpulan tugas dan dapat membuat mereka merasa panik, perasaan panik tersebut dapat menyebabkan mahasiswa membuat keputusan buruk yakni perilaku ketidakjujuran akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Prokrastinasi Akademik dengan Ketidakjujuran Akademik pada Mahasiswa. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara prokrastinasi akademik dengan ketidakjujuran akademik. Sampel sebanyak 155 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Stratified Proporsional Random Sampling diolah menggunakan teknik koefisien korelasi product moment dari Pearson. Berdasarkan hasil analisa koefesien korelasi sebesar 0,705 pada taraf signifikan 0,000. Dengan demikian hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini diterima, yaitu terdapat hubungan antara Prokrastinasi Akademik dengan Ketidakjujuran Akademik Mahasiswa, artinya semakin tinggi Prokrastinasi Akademik Mahasiswa maka akan semakin tinggi pula Ketidakjujuran Akademik mahasiswa.
Predictors of Intrinsic Motivation among Adolescent Students in Physical Education

Abstract This study examined the relationships among social factors, individual differences, intrinsic motivation, and effort and persistence in the physical education context using cognitive evaluation theory as a framework. Female (n = 201) and male (n = 206) high school students completed measures of motivational climate, teaching style, perceived competence, self-determination, goal orientations, and intrinsic motivation. Teachers rated the students on effort and persistence in the class activities. Hypothesized relationships among the variables were tested using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that perceived competence and goal orientations directly predicted intrinsic motivation and mediated the effects of motivational climate and teaching style on intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation directly predicted effort and persistence. Task goal orientation mediated the effects of learning climate on perceived competence and self-determination. The strongest predictors of intrinsic motivation and effort and persistence were task goal orientation, perceived competence, and learning climate.
Methylation of the mouse hprt gene differs on the active and inactive X chromosomes

It has been proposed that DNA methylation is involved in the mechanism of X inactivation, the process by which equivalence of levels of X-linked gene products is achieved in female (XX) and male (XY) mammals. In this study, Southern blots of female and male DNA digested with methylation-sensitive restriction endonucleases and hybridized to various portions of the cloned mouse hprt gene were compared, and sites within the mouse hprt gene were identified that are differentially methylated in female and male cells. The extent to which these sites are methylated when carried on the active and inactive X chromosomes was directly determined in a similar analysis of DNA from clonal cell lines established from a female embryo derived from a mating of two species of mouse, Mus musculus and Mus caroli. The results revealed two regions of differential methylation in the mouse hprt gene. One region, in the first intron of the gene, includes four sites that are completely unmethylated when carried on the active X and extensively methylated when carried on the inactive X. These same sites are extensively demethylated in hprt genes reactivated either spontaneously or after 5-azacytidine treatment. The second region includes several sites in the 3' 20kilobases of the gene extending from exon 3 to exon 9 that show the converse pattern; i.e., they are completely methylated when carried on the active X and completely unmethylated when carried on the inactive X. At least one of these sites does not become methylated after reactivation of the gene. The results of this study, together with the results of previous studies by others of the human hprt gene, indicate that these regions of differential methylation on the active and inactive X are conserved between mammalian species. Furthermore, the data described here are consistent with the idea that at least the sites in the 5' region of the gene play a role in the X inactivation phenomenon and regulation of expression of the mouse hprt gene.
Survey of symptomatic dermatologic disease in homeless patients at a shelter-based clinic

The US Department of Housing and Urban Development estimates over half a million individuals are homeless in the United States [1]. Individuals experiencing homelessness face many threats to their health, and skin-related issues are among the most common health-care complaints in this population [2]. Lack of stable housing puts individuals at risk for skin problems associated with exposure to the elements, difficulties with personal hygiene and access to bathing, and crowded conditions. Co-morbid substance use and mental illness also negatively impact skin health [3], and together with stigma and distrust of the health care system, may lead to delays in seeking care [4]. One study conducted in a cohort of homeless individuals found that nearly 60% had not seen a physician in the past five years [5]. Dermatologic diseases often have psychological and functional consequences [6] and may further marginalize an already vulnerable individual. While there is extensive literature supporting the negative impact dermatologic conditions have on quality of life [7], and the negative impact of homelessness on general health [8], few studies have assessed the prevalence of skin disease in homeless populations. A 1999 survey of 142 homeless men in a Boston shelter who volunteered for a free skin examination identified tinea pedis, pitted keratolysis of the feet, traumatic injuries, toenail onychomycosis, acne vulgaris, and seborrheic dermatitis as the most common skin conditions [9]. However, the authors noted that a majority of sheltered homeless individuals had normal exam findings, which they attributed to care provided by the shelter. A 2005 cross-sectional study of skin infections in a French shelter found bacterial infections secondary to pruritus and scratching, bodylice infestations, folliculitis, tinea pedis, scabies, and impetigo more frequently in the homeless population when compared with a housed control population [10]. A 2012 retrospective review of charts from 82 patients ABSTRACT
Loop gain adjustment for second order sliding modes

In this paper, a method of adjustment of the loop gain for second order sliding modes is proposed. This approach is based on the equivalent gain kn concept. Selection of the loop gain is realized via introduction of a compensator which is designed with the use of the frequency domain methods. The proposed approach involves the describing function method. An example of design, simulations and experimental results are presented.
Lipids changes in liver cancer

Liver is one of the most important organs in energy metabolism. Most plasma apolipoproteins and endogenous lipids and lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver. It depends on the integrity of liver cellular function, which ensures homeostasis of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. When liver cancer occurs, these processes are impaired and the plasma lipid and lipoprotein patterns may be changed. Liver cancer is the fifth common malignant tumor worldwide, and is closely related to the infections of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV infections are quite common in China and other Southeast Asian countries. In addition, liver cancer is often followed by a procession of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, so that hepatic function is damaged obviously on these bases, which may significantly influence lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in vivo. In this review we summarize the clinical significance of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism under liver cancer.
Effect of boiling and frying on nutritional value and in vitro digestibility of rabbit meat

Effect of boiling and frying on nutritional value and in vitro digestibility of rabbit meat were investigated. It was observed that boiling for 15 min increased the digestibility and nutritional value of rabbit meat, while boiling for 5 and 40 min led to their loss. Although, frying for 2 and 4 min produced an acceptable digestibility and nutritional value, the values were lower than those of the boiled rabbit meats. These results were supported by the analysis of amino acid and SDS-PAGE. Boiling or frying for longer time led to decrease in whiteness and protein content of rabbit meat. Micrographs showed that the meat myofibrils became clearer with the increase in boiling time, but a fuzzier surface appeared with the increase in frying time. From these results, it was concluded that a proper boiling or frying time is necessary to acquire a nutritious and high quality rabbit meat. Key words: Rabbit meat, boiling, frying, amino acid, protein, essential amino acid index (EAAI).
Evaluation of morphometric characteristics of the fibular incisura on dry bones.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomical characteristics of the fibular incisura of the tibia and the distal end of the fibula that form together the tibiofibular syndesmosis joint and to obtain the morphometric data in both genders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Current study has been performed on 35 dry adult tibia-fibula sets (22 males and 13 females). RESULTS 35% of cases presented a significantly concave shape (> or = 4 mm) and 65% had shallow concave fibular incisura (< 4 mm) in both genders. The posterior tubercle was bigger on 62% of cases, anterior and posterior tubercles were approximately equal on 32% and the anterior tubercle was bigger only in 6% of the cases. The angle between the anterior and the posterior facets was approximately 126 degrees in both genders. CONCLUSION These morphometric data may help to easily understand and interpret plain radiographs, computed tomography and magnetic resonance images. It could also be important to perform surgical reconstructions after dislocation fractures.
Which patients should avoid psychoanalysis, and which professionals should avoid psychoanalytic training?

This paper discusses contraindications to psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic training. From Freud onwards, there has been a clear understanding that not all patients are helped by psychoanalysis, but there has been considerable controversy as to who might benefit from treatment, and whether this depends on the diagnosis, the personality or the rather vague concept of “analysability". Increasing emphasis has been placed on the analyst-patient relationship and its characteristics, without this clearly solving the dilemma. Moreover, while psychoanalysis was previously perceived rather uniformly in its classical version, treating mainly neurotics, increasing differentiation between psychoanalytic schools has appeared in the last fifty years, which would seem to give grounds for a widening of indications. This development has increased the need for rational criteria for indications and contraindications. In this article, research findings relating to outcome and process and the therapeutic relationship will be examined in parallel with clinical experience. As the therapeutic relationship is probably decisive for the outcome of the treatment, scrutiny of who is suited to be a psychoanalyst should have been an important focus of research. This has not been the case. Available research on this issue and the experiences of practitioners in the evaluation of candidates will be discussed in the following.
Immunological Determinants of Clinical Outcome in Peruvian Patients with Tegumentary Leishmaniasis Treated with Pentavalent Antimonials

ABSTRACT The mechanisms linking the immune response to cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis (CL and ML, respectively) lesions and the response to treatment are incompletely understood. Our aims were to prospectively assess, by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, the levels of mRNA for gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-4, and IL-13, as well as the presence of T cells (CD2) and macrophages (CD68), in CL and ML lesions and to follow their changes in response to treatment with pentavalent antimonials. The leishmanin skin test (LST) was performed on all CL and ML patients before treatment. The patient population included individuals living in areas of Peru where the disease is endemic, i.e., 129 with CL and 43 with ML. Compared to CL patients, the LST induration size was larger, the levels of all cytokine mRNAs but IL-10 were higher, T-cell mRNA was similar, and macrophage mRNA was lower in ML patients. The proportion of CL patients with an LST induration size of >8 mm was higher among responders to treatment. In CL, the pretreatment levels of cytokine mRNAs did not discriminate between responders and nonresponders; however, treatment was more often accompanied by a reduction in the levels of T-cell and cytokine mRNAs in responders than in nonresponders. Furthermore, the production of cytokines per T cell and macrophage decreased with treatment but IL-10 production remained high in nonresponders. Overall, these findings point to complex relationships among New World Leishmania parasites, skin and mucosal immune responses, and treatment outcome. The persistence of high levels of IL-10 in CL is characteristically associated with a poor response to treatment.
The Boltysh impact crater, Ukraine: smectites from the crater-fill suevites

The Boltysh crater has an entire suite of crater-fill impactites preserved, including two impact melt- bearing breccias. Smectite occurrence in the breccias suggests two stages of alteration; an early hydrothermal mineralization, and a later, low temperature weathering. δD and δ 18 O of smectite separates are currently being measured and will be presented.
Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in developing rat brain after intrauterine infection

In order to investigate the neuropathological effects on the developing rat brain after intrauterine infection, identification of GFAP was observed. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was inoculated into uterine horn of pregnant rats when gestation was 70% complete (15 days) and the control group was inoculated with normal saline. Immunohistochemistry was used for evaluation of GFAP expression in pup brains at postnatal day 1 (P1), P3, P7, P14 and P21, and RT‐PCR was used to analyze GFAP mRNA, interleukin‐1β mRNA (IL‐1β mRNA) and tumor necrosis factor‐α mRNA (TNF‐α mRNA) expression in pup brains at P1, P3 and P7. At P1 and P3. GFAP was expressed very scarcely in periventricular white matter but not in other brain regions between the two groups. Compared with the control group, at P7 GFAP expression of the E. coli‐treated pups was remarkably increased in periventricular white matter and hippocampus. The E. coli‐treated pups at P14 showed a marked increase of GFAP expression in periventricular white matter, corpus callosum and cortex. However, no significant difference in levels of GFAP expression in any brain regions were found at P21 between the two groups. GFAP mRNA expression of the E. coli‐treated pups was higher than the control at P1 and P3, but there was no significant difference between the two groups at P7. IL‐1β mRNA and TNF‐α mRNA expressions of the E. coli‐treated pups were higher than the control at P1 but there was no significant difference between the two groups at P3 and P7. These present results suggest that intrauterine infection could increase GFAP expression in the pup brain and indicate that intrauterine infection might damage the developing white matter and IL‐1β, TNF‐α might be a mechanism mediating between the two events.
Optimism, Type a Behavior, and Psychological Well-Being in Japanese Women

The relations of self-report scores for optimism, Type A behavior, and stress with those for depression and anxiety were examined in 144 Japanese female college students. A significant interaction of scores on optimism and Type A behavior indicated that subjects who reported higher optimism and higher Type A behavior had a lower mean for anxiety than those who reported lower optimism and higher Type A behavior.
Actions of Melatonin in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress

Melatonin was discovered to be a direct free radical scavenger less than 10 years ago. Besides its ability to directly neutralize a number of free radicals and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, it stimulates several antioxidative enzymes which increase its efficiency as an antioxidant. In terms of direct free radical scavenging, melatonin interacts with the highly toxic hydroxyl radical with a rate constant equivalent to that of other highly efficient hydroxyl radical scavengers. Additionally, melatonin reportedly neutralizes hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, peroxynitrite anion, nitric oxide and hypochlorous acid. The following antioxidative enzymes are also stimulated by melatonin: superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Melatonin has been widely used as a protective agent against a wide variety of processes and agents that damage tissues via free radical mechanisms.
Phosphoglucomutase genetic polymorphism of newborns

An association of the phosphoglucomutase locus 1 (PGM1) genetic polymorphism with repeated spontaneous abortion (RSA), with intrauterine development in both normal and diabetic pregnancies, and with fertility has been reported in previous studies. In view of the evolutionary interest and of a possible clinical relevance of PGM1 selection during intrauterine life, this study considers healthy puerperae, consecutive newborns, and couples with RSA as well as two alleles (PGM1*1 and PGM1*2). The joint maternal–neonatal PGM1 distribution in a sample from an Italian rural population is significantly different from that expected assuming Hardy–Weinberg conditions for equilibrium. Deviation is dependent on maternal age and parity. The joint mother–newborn PGM1 genotype distribution is significantly associated with a positive history of previous spontaneous miscarriage, suggesting that the presence of the PGM1*2 allele in the father predisposes to spontaneous abortion. This hypothesis is also supported by the observation that in couples with RSA, the delivery of a live born infant within 5 years from the first episode of miscarriage is negatively associated with the presence of a PGM1*2 allele in the husband. Altogether these observations suggest the hypothesis of PGM1 maternal selection at the reproductive level involving a differential role of PGM1*1 and PGM1*2 alleles of paternal origin. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 13:9–14, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MYCOLOGICAL STUDIES IN 15 CASES OF OTOMYCOSIS

Otomycosis is a subacute or acute superficial mycotic infection of the outer ear canal that is caused by opportunistic fungi. The infection is usually unilateral and characterized by inflammation, pruritus, scaling and severe discomfort such as suppuration and pain. In this study 15 patients (11 female and 4 male) with symptomatic otomycosis were confirmed by direct microscopy and cultures. The most common fungal pathogens were Aspergillus niger (8 cases) followed by A. flavus (2 cases), A. fumigatus, Penicillium Spp. , Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis and Rhizopus Spp each 1 case.
Rotation-invariant texture Image Classification using R-transform

In this paper, An descriptor of rotation-invariant texture Image Classification is proposed. The feature exacted by using the proposed method is rotation invariant and robust to the change of spatial scale and illumination. Rotation invariant is achieved by means of Rapid transformation (R-transform) to eliminate cyclic translation resulting from rotation variation on the local circle region, which rounds a centre pixel. Combination of several descriptors with different (N, R) parameters the spatial multiscale are obtained. Texture classification experiments were carried out on the Brodatz databases and promising results are obtained from those experiments.
Critical questions of engineering students by gender and ethnicity

Engineering and computer science careers are not well known to the general public. Most students studying these majors also have limited knowledge and information about their chosen area of study. In working with students over many years, the authors have experienced many questions from these students. As part of the evaluations for Academic Success Meetings, the students have been encouraged to ask questions about areas that they need to know more about. The questions tend to repeat themselves and fall into general categories. Not all students have mentors to answer these questions. Starting with the most important, the answers to all of these questions will go on a website that has been developed especially for transfer students under a National Science Foundation Step Award # 0836050. An initial 136 questions were presented to over 100 students. The students were asked to choose the 20 most critical questions to them. From this data, in an earlier paper, the top five questions were determined for students over 21 and the top five for students 21 and under, as well as by academic level. In this paper the similarities and differences in these critical questions by gender and by race/ethnicity are considered. The males and females in this study had two questions in common for their top five: “Why should I consider getting a PhD degree in engineering? ” and “How do I choose a job? ” The three race/Ethnicity groups of White, Hispanic/Latino, and Other/Unknown had only one question in common: “Will there be a job for me when I graduate? ” Each of the three two-pair combinations had one question in common. The differences in critical questions by gender and ethnicity will also be discussed. The information determined here will help educators and advisors encourage potential and actual students in engineering and computer science. With this information they can focus their message by honing in on the critical questions of their particular audience. These questions and their answers can also be used for intentional advising.