Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHILDREN'S METALINGUISTIC ACTIVITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LINGUISTIC EXISTENCE *

In the present article I will first describe the construction of existence in Portuguese. This study is based on A. Culioli’s linguistics of enunciative and predicative operations. Within this theoretical framework, linguistic forms are markers of operations performed by the enunciator, which means that those forms are instructions to the co-enunciator for reconstruction. When one speaks, one shares representations of something. The “thing” to be shared can be present in the situation of enunciation and to talk about it is to point to it. Communication by pointing would be the easiest and earliest form of communication. Subsequently, one can talk about an absent object or a set of possible objects, i.e., the linguistic activity, by representation, allows us to distance ourselves from the reference by ostension. To share a representation supposes its introduction into enunciative space, that is, to construct its existence. Constructing a space, orienting, determining, establishing a network of referential values, in short, a system of location (Culioli, 1995, p. 89) is a prerequisite for linguistic existence. CHILDREN’S METALINGUISTIC ACTIVITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LINGUISTIC EXISTENCE
Soil Fertility under Native Cerrado and Pasture in the Brazilian Savanna

In the Brazilian savanna, there is a risk that soil fertility of pastures declines to a level below that of the native savanna because of low fertilizer application. To evaluate biophysical pasture sustainability we compared regularly fertilized productive pasture (PP), degraded pasture fertilized 13 yr previously (DP), and native savanna (Cerrado, CE) in an on-farm experiment. We determined (i) biomass productivity of the pastures and (ii) nutrient concentrations in Anionic Acrustoxes from three plots under each of CE, DP, and PP. From the 0- to 2-m soil layer, we sampled solid phase in January 1998 and soil solution during two rainy seasons (1997-1998 and 1998-1999). The mean aboveground biomass production (dry weight) was 2.1 Mg ha -1 yr -4 for DP and 4.1 Mg ha -1 yr -1 for PP. In the solid phase of the 0- to 0.15-m layer, mean total N and S and exchangeable Ca and Mg concentrations increased in the order CE < DP < PP, while NaHCO 3 -extractable P was not significantly different among CE, DP, and PP. In the soil solution at 0.15-m depth, pH and concentrations of Ca and Mg also increased in the order CE < DP < PP. At the 2-m depth, only K, Mn, and NO 3 -N concentrations in soil solution were slightly higher under the pastures than under CE indicating an increased risk of leaching losses to below the rooting zone. Thus, topsoil fertility in both pastures is increased compared with CE, and little leaching occurs. Some fertility indicators in DP are still improved compared with CE 13 yr after a single fertilization.
Improving Hurricane Intensity Forecasting through Data Assimilation: Environmental Conditions Versus the Vortex Initialization

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are one of nature’s most intense phenomena and one of all coastal residents’ greatest fears. They threaten the maritime industry, devastate coastal regions and cause floods and erosion inland through torrential rainfall, high winds and severe storm surges. Through coastal development and growth, the United States has become more vulnerable to the impact of hurricanes now than at any time in the recent past (Pielke & Pielke, 1997). An extreme example was Hurricane Katrina during the summer of 2005. Owing to the great social and economic impact of hurricanes, it is of great importance that the track and intensity of these hurricanes can be accurately predicted many hours in advance. Over the last two decades, computer modeling and data assimilation techniques have advanced rapidly. Along with the development of high-resolution numerical modeling and advanced data assimilation capabilities, the skill of numerical weather prediction has improved significantly. As a result of these efforts, TC track forecasts have improved substantially. However, the intensity forecast remains a great challenge in the operational and research communities. According to reports from Rogers et al. (2006) and the National Hurricane Center (NHC, http:/ / www.nhc.noaa.gov/ verification), the official 48 h TC track forecast error has been reduced by 45% in the past 15 years, while the intensity forecast error has decreased by only 17%. The rapid intensification of TCs has been especially poorly predicted (Titley & Elsberry, 2000; Houze et al., 2006). The lack of skill in numerical forecasts of TC intensity can be attributed to three factors (Rogers et al., 2006): 1) inaccurate initial conditions in the storm vortex and environment in numerical models; 2) limitations in numerical models such as imperfect physical parameterizations; and 3) inadequate understanding of the physics of TCs and their development. Among other factors, the uncertainties in hurricane initialization are some of the fundamental reasons for the limited skill in hurricane forecasts. The processes associated with TC intensifications have been investigated in numerous previous studies (e.g., Malkus, 1958; Willoughby, 1988; Frank & Ritchie, 1999; Montgomery et al., 2006). It has been recognized that the large scale environmental conditions such as vertical wind shear, pre-existing upper level troughs, mesoscale convections, storm-scale
The Influence of Various Recovery Modalities on Performance Tasks in Basketball Players

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of three recovery strategies during high-intensity intermittent exercise. Nine male basketball players (age, 23.11 Â± 2.8 years; height, 1.83 Â± 0.1 m; body mass, 81.87 Â± 11.2 kg) completed a series of 3 randomized trials. Each trial consisted of a basketball exercise simulation test (BEST), a series of performance tests, one of three recovery modalities, and a subsequent series of performance tests. The performance tests included the agility t-test, a maximal vertical jump test, and a line drill test. Furthermore, participants were also asked to rate their perception of fatigue using a 0-10 scale prior to each series of tests. The three recovery conditions lasted 8 minutes each and were active recovery (AR; cycling at 12.8 kgÂ·m/min per kg bodyweight), sitting in a chair (SIT), or standing with minimal movement (STAND). Prior to participation, playersâ€™ recovery preferences and habits were recorded to examine possible psychological effects. Results indicated that perceived fatigue was greater following AR compared to SIT and STAND. The agility score was worse following the AR condition, whereas it was unchanged following SIT and STAND. Line drill performance was also worse following the AR condition when compared to SIT and STAND. Psychological variables were not correlated to any performance measures. These findings suggest that active recovery, at the intensity used in this investigation, may limit restoration of performance during intermittent activities such as basketball.
SYNTHESIS OF PLANTMEDIATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING PAPAYA FRUIT EXTRACT AND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES

There is an increasing commercial demand for nanoparticles due to their wide applicability in various areas such as electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy, and medicine. Metallic nanoparticles are traditionally synthesized by wet chemical techniques, where the chemicals used are quite often toxic and flammable. In this work, we describe a cost effective and environment friendly technique for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from 1mM AgNO3 solution through the extract of papaya fruit as reducing as well as capping agent. Nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD and SEM. X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis showed the average particle size of 15 nm as well as revealed their cubic structure. Further these biologically synthesized nanoparticles were found to be highly toxic against different multi drug resistant human pathogens. This is for the first time that any plant fruit extract was used for the synthesis of nanoparticles.
Simulating the effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation on frost injury in winter wheat

Climate and weather variability affect agricultural crop production. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the variation in air pressure difference in the northern Atlantic Ocean. A positive NAO index with higher than normal air pressure near the Azores and lower than normal near Iceland results in warm and wet winters in northwestern Europe. A negative NAO index gives opposite climatic effects in this region. We determined the effect of the NAO on the risk of frost injury in winter wheat for conditions that represent northwestern Europe by applying the FROSTOL model to dynamically simulate hardening, de-hardening and other physiological processes determining frost tolerance and frost injury in winter wheat. This model uses soil surface temperature and snow cover as driving variables. In total, 53 winter seasons from 1957−58 to 2009−10 were simulated to account for historical trends and variations in the NAO. Monthly and seasonal mean NAO indices for all years within this period were categorised into positive, neutral or negative phases. The winter wheat simulations included 3 locations in Norway (Apelsvoll, Ås and Kvithamar), 2 wheat frost tolerance types and 3 planting dates. The results showed that negative NAO phases, especially in February and March, increased the risk of frost injury in winter wheat. The risk of frost injury was higher at Apelsvoll and Ås than at Kvithamar, especially in negative NAO phases or after early planting. The results obtained can be used to design crop management practices and systems with higher production security.
CONTRIBUTION OF STREAM DETRIVORES, FUNGI, AND BACTERIA TO LEAF BREAKDOWN BASED ON BIOMASS ESTIMATES

Linking species and ecosystems is currently one of the great challenges in ecology. To this end, we assess here the contributions of bacteria, fungi, and detritivorous invertebrates (shredders) to leaf litter breakdown, a key ecosystem-level process. We enclosed alder (Alnus glutinosa) and willow (Salix fragilis) leaves in coarse-mesh bags (5 g dry mass), placed them in a stream during peak leaf fall, and retrieved them periodically to determine leaf mass remaining and the biomass of leaf-associated organisms. Shredder biomass was derived from numbers and length–mass relationships, bacterial numbers and biomass were determined by epifluorescence microscopy, and fungal biomass was measured as ergosterol. In addition, conidial production of aquatic hyphomycetes was determined. Leaves decomposed rapidly with exponential breakdown coefficients k of 0.035 d−1 (alder) and 0.027 d−1 (willow). Leaves were also quickly colonized within the first 4 wk of decomposition, when shredder biomass reached 263 and 141 mg d.
Firm-specific determinants of Dutch capital structure: the impact of the 2008 financial crisis

This study has examined the impact of the 2008 financial crisis on the relationships between independent variables representing the pecking order, trade-off and agency cost theories, and, the dependent variable; capital structure. The aim was to identify a potential altering effect of the 2008 financial crisis on the firms-specific determinants of Dutch capital structure. The tested hypotheses have been developed in consideration of the demand side as well as the supply side of capital. The direction of the relationship is based on the demand side – i.e. the influence of firm-specific characteristics on leverage as hypothesized by capital structure theories – while the sensitivity of the relationship is based on the supply side – i.e. the tightening of the bank lending conditions during the 2008 financial crisis.
Forecasting Canadian Time Series with the New Keynesian Model

This paper documents the out-of-sample forecasting accuracy of the New Keynesian Model for Canada. We repeatedly estimate our variant of the model on a series of rolling subsamples, forecasting out-of-sample one to eight quarters ahead at each step. We then compare these forecasts to those arising from simple VARs, using econometric tests of forecasting accuracy. Our results show that the forecasting accuracy of the New Keynesian model compares favourably to that of the benchmarks, particularly as the forecasting horizon increases. These results suggest that the model can become a useful forecasting tool for Canadian time series. The principle of parsimony is invoked to explain our findings.
Title Consistency Over Flattery : Self-Verification Processes Revealed in Implicit and Behavioral Responses to Feedback Permalink

Negative social feedback is often a source of distress. However, self-verification theory provides the counterintuitive explanation that negative feedback leads to less distress when it is consistent with chronic self-views. Drawing from this work, the present study examined the impact of receiving self-verifying feedback on outcomes largely neglected in prior research: implicit responses (i.e., physiological reactivity, facial expressions) that are difficult to consciously regulate and downstream behavioral outcomes. In two experiments, participants received either positive or negative feedback from interviewers during a speech task. Regardless of self-views, positive compared to negative feedback elicited lower self-reported negative affect. Implicit responses to negative feedback, however, depended on chronic self-views with more negative self-views associated with lower blood pressure reactivity, lower facial negativity, and enhanced creativity. These findings point at the role self-verification may play in long-term coping and stress regulation.
SPORUN SOSYAL GÖRÜNÜMÜ

Spor, cagimiz modern toplumlarinin en yaygin ve etkili sosyal kurumlarindan birisidir. Toplumlarin en onemli unsuru ise bireydir. Bireyleri saglikli, egitimli, sosyal ve kulturlu toplumlar, ancak modern toplum olarak dusunulebilir. Temel amaci insanin bedenen, ruhen ve sosyal yonden gelismesine katki saglamak olan spor, modern toplum yaratmada cok etkin bir sosyal olgudur. Sporun, kisisel fayda ve gorevleri yaninda, sosyal yonden de cok onemli gorevleri vardir. Cagimizda, sporun bilincli olarak yayginlastirilmasi ve halkin cagdas anlamda spor yapmasi ile gelismislik arasinda onemli olcude bir paralelligin varligi kabul edilmektedir. Bu calismanin amaci, sporun sosyal islev ve boyutlarinin ortaya konmasidir.
Can You Get a Ticket? Adaptive Railway Booking Strategies by Customer Value

This paper integrates a customer segmentation method with a discrete event simulation model to bridge the gap between identifying customer behaviors and using this knowledge to respond to customers and make the best use of resources. Three strategies are proposed and examined to improve the operation efficiency of a ticket-booking system. Their objective is to assist high-value customers in obtaining the tickets they want and/or reduce cancellations and failure-to-pays from low-value customers. Our simulation results demonstrate that the high-value, customer-friendly strategy beats all in assisting high-value customers and simultaneously improves railway operation performance. Additionally, the indirect, low-value customer abandonment strategy also has improved slightly in all aspects. Applying these strategies is expected to result in a decrease in complaints regarding booking system rejections and an increase in high-value customer satisfaction. On the other hand, the direct abandonment strategy to reject all low-value customers does not make any improvement.
A Journey of Transformation:A Model of Educators' Learning Experiences in Educational Technology

A model of educators' learning experiences in educational technology was developed by studying 205 educators who participated in professional development in educational technology at metropolitan area graduate schools of education over a 7-year period. Data were gathered over the entire semester for all participants. Additional data on a limited number of participants were also gathered one and 12-14 months after they had completed the professional development experience. All 205 participants completed a pilot survey. Additional data sources were as follows: 748 entries in electronic journals; 58 interview transcripts, and 25 reflective essays about the professional development learning experience. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the data resulted in a model of the teachers' journey of transformation that consisted of four stages and 10 perspective transformation stages as follows: (1) fear and uncertainty (a disorienting dilemma; self-examination); (2) testing and exploring (a critical assessment of epistemic, sociocultural, or psychic assumptions; recognition that one's discontent and the process of transformation are shared; exploration of options for new roles, relationships, and actions); (3) affirming and connecting (planning a course of action; acquiring knowledge and skills for implementing one's plans; building competence and self-confidence in new roles and relationships); and (4) new perspectives (reintegration of a new perspective into one's life). (20 references) (MN) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the on Mal document. A Journey of Transformation: A Model of Educators' Learning Experiences in Educational Technology
What I See, What I Do

This study explores the potential benefits of executive hubris to firm innovation. Grounded in the upper echelons theory and the firm innovation literature, hypotheses were developed and tested in two studies with different contexts and methods. Study 1 uses a set of cross-sectional survey data on a large sample of Chinese CEOs in manufacturing industries. Study 2 uses a set of longitudinal archival data on U.S. public firms in high-tech industries. Both studies render robust support to the authors’ main theoretical prediction—that executive hubris is positively related to firm innovation. The authors further found that the main effect varies under certain environmental conditions: The relationship between executive hubris and firm innovation becomes weaker when the environment is more munificent and complex.
A Short Journey Through the Unknown Life of Leadership Studies

THIS ISSUE OF RIVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DI FILOSOFIA E PSICOLOGIA will offer a section on Leadership Studies which presents a selection of studies by some of the most authoritative scholars in the field. Its aim is to offer material for a reflection in a discipline that has been often restricted into the field of Organization Studies but on the contrary provides challenging interdisciplinary connections. I first provide a very short and incomeplete survey of the discipline by highlighting the most important contributions in the field. The aim of this introduction is to provide a sort of compass for the reader who is not familiar with leadership studies before introducing in detail the contributions to this special section. Leadership Studies is a relatively new discipline that is growing at a fast rate around the world. It stems from disciplines revolving around Organization Sciences despite its philosophical roots; Plato’s Republic, Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, Sun Tzu’s Art of War, and Machiavelli’s The Prince are usually recognized as the bedrocks of this discipline. Leadership set to become central academic field in the future for a variety of reasons. The increasing impact of private organizations in the economicl and cultural fabric of the world; organizations are indeed playing a leading role in the process of globalization. Organizations need leaders able to guide them through diverse challenges, such as cross-cultural management, crisis management, and so on. Moreover, as will be better explained in this
Seed Yields and Some Plant Traits of Cornmon Vetch ( Vicia sativa L . ) Lines

The area sown to forage is not adequate Turkey. Introducing new plants species and cultivars to farming system would help develop forage production. In this research 16 common vetch lines obtained from different countries were tested for their seed yield and some agronomic characters in Ankara conditions over 2 years. The experiment was conducted at the experimental fields of Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty of Ankara University. In the study, plant height and stem number varied between 59.57-87.62cm, 2.13-3.35 while pod number per plant and first pod height varied between 6.42-11.72 and 22.58-37.11 cm, respectively. Pod length and seed number per pod were between 40.67-57.33 mm and 3.98-5.47. Biological yield, seed yield, harvest index were changed between 294.03-501.08 kg/da, 88.67-164.92 kg/da, % 29.82-38.63, respectively. It is also found that thousand seed weights were between 36.72-50.77 g. The lines used in the experiment needed 84.5-92 days to maturity. According to the results, Line 2003, Line 2560 and Line 2083 produced as much biological and seed yield as control plants.
Climate change and a poleward shift in the distribution of the Pacific white-sided dolphin in the northeastern Pacific.

Increasing water temperatures due to global warming mean that specific isotherms are shifting polewards. This may cause the poleward shifts in the range limits of species that are only found in specific thermal habitats. Such range shifts have been recorded in a number of plant and animal species. In the last 3 decades, we observed a decline in the presence of Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens in the southwest Gulf of California (GOC), which is considered the southern boundary of their distribution. Considering that the thermal environment is physiologi- cally important to animals, we believe that this poleward shift in the usual geographic range of the Pacific white-sided dolphin is due to long-term changes in the local climate. To obtain the conceptual framework needed to discuss such a hypothesis, we summarize and analyze current knowledge about Pacific white-sided dolphins in the southwest GOC, and sea surface temperature variability at a regional scale.