Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile Of Snake Bite â€“ 5 Year Study From North Karnataka,Bagalkot

Results and conclusion A total of 139 snake bite patients were studied during the study period . Nearly 65% were in the age group of 20-40 years and the majority were males 56% and these bites were during monsoon and during night times and 50.3% had bite marks in the lower limbs. 42% had only local signs and needed monitoring and low dose ASV. Most bites in our area were neurotoxic (30%) with good outcome compared to haemotoxic (9%). ASV was used in 110 patients and requirement of ASV was high in haemotoxic (230 ml) compared to neurotoxic patients (180ml). 5% developed disseminated intra vascular coagulation had fatal outcomes. Ventilator support and haemodialysis was needed in 7% patients who presented late to hospital & this saved their lives. Mortality was 5%. The present study also high lights sociological impact and suggest certain preventive measures to reduce snake bite mortality and also rationalize ASV usage in different envenomation.
16-level CVNS memory with fast ADC

A novel 16-level current-mode DRAM based on the continuous valued number system (CVNS) representation is introduced. The refreshing circuitry of this DRAM is designed using analogue to digital converter (ADC) and digital to analogue converter modules. Each ADC generates two bits of the output simultaneously which decreases the delay time of the ADC module. Error correction codes are used to increase the noise margin by a factor of two. The proposed memory can be used in hardware implementation of CVNS based systems.
Study of the Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Peptide-induced Cell Death and Biofilm Formation in Streptococcus mutans

Biofilms are complex and highly adapted communities of microorganisms found attached to surfaces. Among the best characterized infectious multi-cellular biofilms is the oral community known as dental plaque. Streptococcus mutans resides in the oral biofilm, and is one of the main causative agents of dental caries. Streptococci are known to monitor their population density using a peptide pheromone (CSP)/two component signalling system (ComDE) in a process classically known as quorum sensing (QS). Previous work in S. mutans has implicated the QS system in genetic competence, the stress response, bacteriocin production and biofilm formation. Our objective in this work was to thoroughly characterize the transcriptional and phenotypic response to CSP in S. mutans, and determine its role in biofilm formation. We have shown that the CSP pheromone is more than simply a QS signal, and is also an inducible „alarmone‟ capable of communicating stress in the population. We have demonstrated that elevated concentrations of CSP such as those that occur during stress trigger autolysis in a fraction of the population. Importantly, we have shown that autolysis in S. mutans occurs via a novel mechanism of action: intracellular accumulation of a self-acting bacteriocin. We have also identified and characterized the autolysis immunity protein, which is differentially regulated from the bacteriocin to allow survival at low cell density. A second regulatory system was shown to govern expression of autolysis immunity in the absence of CSP signaling, and also contribute to the oxidative stress response in the biofilm. Finally, we present evidence that autolysis is involved in the release of DNA in the biofilm, which contributes to the architecture of the extracellular matrix and may provide a mechanism for the dissemination of fitness-enhancing genes under stress. Together, our data provides a mechanistic link between phenotypes previously ascribed to the CSP pheromone in S. mutans.
Understanding the Antecedents of Organic Food Purchases: The Important Roles of Beliefs, Subjective Norms, and Identity Expressiveness

China is expected to become an increasingly important market for global organic food producers. This study aims to obtain a new and deeper understanding of how various antecedents affect organic food purchase behavior. Here, a survey based on validated measures is designed, and a total of 1750 consumers are interviewed. In addition to traditionally held beliefs concerning organic food, three unique perspectives, i.e., that organic foods are “luxuries for the rich”, “upscale”, and the objects of “marketing hype”, are confirmed for the first time. Furthermore, the influence of subjective norms on purchase intention is verified to be completely mediated by purchase attitude, suggesting that up to now, the role of social norms may have been simplified, and even underestimated by marketing researchers. Additionally, for the first time, identity expressiveness is confirmed to play a minor but significant role in purchase intention. Perceived trustworthiness is also confirmed to be the important predictor of purchase intention. Finally, household income is not only the second most important predicator of purchase intention, but it is also the most important predictor of actual purchase. These findings will be valuable for marketing scholars and all stakeholders in the organic food industry, particularly international agribusinesses that are wishing to enter the Chinese market.
Lisrel 8: User's Reference Guide

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Satisfaction with Life in Old Age – the Role of Developmental Tasks Attainment and Resiliency

The late adulthood period is full of challenges which endanger the well-being of an individu al and require adaptation. Personal factors such as resiliency and the attainment of developmental tasks typical for the age period play therefore key roles in achieving life satisfaction in old age. The aim of the present study was to determine the roles of resiliency and developmental task attainment in achieving satisfaction with life in old age. One hundred participants of Senior Clubs in their late adulthood, 49 men and 51 women (age range 60-88 years; M = 70.57, SD = 6.71) were surveyed using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Resiliency Measurement Scale (SPP-25) and Developmental Tasks Questionnaire for Seniors (KZR-S). The relationships between variables were determined by correlation, regression analysis and structural equation modeling. The analyses revealed significant relationships between variables. Greater overall resiliency and higher levels of developmental task attainment were associated with greater satisfaction with life, as declared by the respondents. The most significant ones seem to be determination and persistence in action (resiliency factor) and acceptance of one’s life: components of developmental task attainment. Both resiliency and developmental task attainment have a positive impact on the life satisfaction of older people. Greater importance should be attributed to resiliency.
Les pointes à retouches plates du Paléolithique supérieur initial de Belgique

Res. d'A. Cette etude a pour but principal la distinction de deux groupes de pointes a retouches plates. Le groupe A est en association avec le perigordien superieur a pointes de la Font-Robert, a la fois dans les sites de grottes et dans les sites de plein air. Le groupe B est peut-etre associe a l'aurignacien, il est seulement represente dans deux sites de grottes (Spy et Goyet). Les differents caracteres de description (morphologiques et techniques) demontrent l'homogeneite de deux sites perigordiens et leur dissemblance avec un site du groupeB. Ces indications sont visualisees par des graphiques circulaires. Les connexions possibles du groupeA sont francaises. Pour le groupeB, outre Ranis (Thuringe), les comparaisons les meilleures sont anglaises.
Adrenocortical suppression by topically applied corticosteroids in healthy dogs.

Three corticosteroid products (triamcinolone acetonide, fluocinonide, betamethasone valerate) and a control product composed of water, petrolatum, mineral oil, cetyl alcohol, steryl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate, cholesterol, and methylparaben each were applied topically to healthy dogs (5 dogs/product) once daily for 5 consecutive days. Plasma concentrations of immunoreactive adrenocorticotropic hormone (iACTH) and cortisol were determined before 1 microgram of ACTH/kg of body weight was given intravenously (pre-ACTH values) and cortisol was again measured 60 minutes after ACTH was given (post-ACTH values). Cortisol and iACTH concentrations were determined in each dog before, during, and after administration of the corticosteroid products. All 3 corticosteroids caused prompt and sustained pituitary-adrenocortical suppression. Compared with control applications, the application of corticosteroids resulted in significant reduction of plasma cortisol and iACTH concentrations by day 2 of treatment, and the lower concentrations continued to day 5. One week after the last application of the corticosteroids, plasma iACTH concentrations in the corticosteroid-treated dogs had returned to the range of values for the control dogs; however, pre- and post-ACTH cortisol concentrations remained suppressed in all corticosteroid-treated dogs. Two weeks after the last treatment, the pre-ACTH plasma cortisol concentrations of corticosteroid-treated dogs returned to those of the control dogs, but the post-ACTH plasma cortisol concentrations remained suppressed. By 3 weeks after the last treatment, post-ACTH plasma cortisol concentrations of dogs treated with triamcinolone acetonide had returned to the range of values for the control dogs, but remained suppressed in the other 2 groups of dogs. All indices of pituitary-adrenocortical activity were within the control range by 4 weeks after the last treatment. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A esquistossomose no Brasil após quase um século de pesquisas

An attempt to evaluate the importance of scientific research on Schistosomiasis in Brazil, since 1908 until now, reveals the difficulties and uncertainties of such a task, when current criteria for measuring scientific impact are employed. However, with due respect to the contribution of international research, the data originated from Brazilian research on schistosomiasis, during almost a century, now appear sufficient for dealing with all our practical and scientific needs in this area.
Faktor Risiko Tuberculosis Paru di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong

Di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, sejak tahun 1995 telah dilaksanakan kegiatan pemberantasan TB Paru dengan strategi DOTS, tetapi penderita baru tetap di temukan dan memperlihatkan trend yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru BTA (+) di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Desain penelitian yang digunakan aalah disain kasus kontrol. Kelompok kasus adalah penderita TB Paru BTA (+) berumur ³15 tahun yang berobat pada Oktober 2005 sampai Mei 2006. Kontrol adalah tetangga kasus yang tidak mempunyai tanda-tanda gejala klinis TB paru dengan golongan umur ³15 tahun. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 kasus dan 50 kontrol dengan teknik stratified Random Sampling. Analisis data menggunakan metode regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian TB Paru jika tidak pernah di imunisasi BCG (OR=2,855, P=0,048), ada sumber kontak (OR=2,263, P=0,046), luas ventilasi rumah kurang dari 10% luas lantai (OR=4,907, P=0,004), tidak ada cahaya matahari masuk ke rumah (OR=5,008, P=0,006), interaksi antara perilaku merokok dengan penghuni rumah padat serta keeratan kontak (OR=14,576, P=0,017). Faktor yang paling dominan adalah interaksi perilaku merokok dan penghuni rumah yang padat. Probabilitas seseorang mengalami TB paru dengan faktor risiko adalah 98%. Kata kunci: TBC, faktor risiko, sumber penular, lingkungan Abstract Since 1995, eradication program of Pulmonary Tuberculosis with strategy of DOTS have been executed in Rejang Lebong District, but new patient remain to occur and showing tendency of increasing from year to year. The objective of this study is to know risk factor related to occurence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis BTA (+) in Rejang Lebong District. This research use case control study with comparison 1:1. Case is patient of Pulmonary Tuberculosis BTA (+) residing in working areas of Puskesmas Curup, Perumnas and Puskesmas Kampung Delima age >15 year, who seek medical treatment within October 2005 to May 2006, with exclusion criteria of not being relapsing TB patient. Control is neighbor of case who don’t have symptom of clinical Pulmonary Tuberculosis of the same age with cases. Research was conducted in May-July 2006 with 50 cases and 50 controls. Data analysis used in this study is multivariate logistic regression. The study has found that risk factor related to occurrence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis is not BCG immunized (OR=2.855, p=0.048), source of infection (OR=2.263, p=0.046), ventilation less than 10% of wide floor (OR=4.907, p=0.004), no sunlight into the house (OR=5.008, p=0.006), interaction between smoking behavior with house density, and closeness of contact (OR=14.576, P=0.017). The most dominant factor is interaction between smoking behavior with house density. Keywords : Pulmonary tuberculosis, risk factors, source of infection, housing environment
Visual Design Solutions: Principles and Creative Inspiration for Learning Professionals

Like its previous editions, the Seventh Edition of Accounting Theory presents complex materials in a clear and understandable manner. Incorporating the latest accounting standards and presenting the most up-to-date accounting theory from the top academic journals in accounting and finance throughout the world, this book comprehensibly presents both the theoretical structure of accounting theory as well as the politics of the standard-setting process, which often opposes the theoretical structure. Key Features: A reorganized table of contents with a thoroughly revised chapter on International Accounting (Chapter 10) Discussion of the conceptual framework of the IASB (Chapter 7) An emphasis on principles-based standards as opposed to rules-based standards More theoretical issues are related to real world examples coming from the popular news media. New questions, cases, problems, and writing assignments--many from corporate annual reports. An Instructor's Resource CD includes answers to end-of-chapter materials, chapter summaries, test banks, and PowerPoint slides.
Langzeitverlauf nach Laser-Tonsillotomie bei symptomatischer Tonsillenhyperplasie

BACKGROUND Carbon-dioxide-laser-tonsillotomy is reconsidered as a procedure to relieve patients in early childhood from obstructive symptoms caused by tonsillar hyperplasia such as snoring or sleep apnea without influencing the immunological function. METHODS AND PATIENTS The protruding part of the tonsils was removed by a CO (2)-laser delivering 10 - 15 W. During 1993 to 2003, 83 children received laser-tonsillotomy, combined with adenoidectomy 51 children were available for follow-up with a standard questionnaire. The parents were surveyed in average 39 months postoperatively. 5 patients required a subsequent tonsillectomy due to a recurrence of tonsillar hyperplasia. Histological investigations were done. 15 children were reevaluated by clinical examination. RESULTS Most of the patients were relieved from obstructive symptoms. There was no occurrence of postoperative hemorrhage or peritonsillar abscesses. The histological investigations on the specimens from later performed tonsillectomy (n = 5) showed no evidence of scarring opened crypts. The clinical examination did not reveal any signs of chronic infections. CONCLUSION The tonsillotomy by carbon-dioxide-laser appears as a suitable and safe technique for the treatment of tonsillar hyperplasia without severe throat infection in early childhood.
MRI-Negative Epilepsy: Scope and implications of MRI-negative refractory focal epilepsy

Definition of MRI-negative epilepsy In the absence of a demonstrable epileptogenic lesion, epilepsy is often referred to as “nonlesional epilepsy. ” In this book, we preferentially use the term “MRInegative epilepsy” instead of “nonlesional epilepsy. ” Our reason for this preference is that MRI of patients with refractory epilepsy not infrequently shows structural lesions or alterations which are not the immediate cause of the epilepsy. Some of these lesions or abnormalities that are noncausative for epilepsy are cerebral atrophy, nonspecific white matter signal changes, and slight asymmetry in size or shape of regions in the brain. In these situations, the MRI cannot be said to be normal. Therefore, we avoided the use of the term “epilepsy with normal MRI. ” Another reason for our preferential use of the term “MRI-negative epilepsy” is that histopathological examination of resected tissues has revealed lesions in as many as 50% of nonlesional MRI patients, especially neuronal migrational abnormalities such as microdysgenesis and focal cortical dysplasias [1]. Conversely, histopathologically proven cortical dysplasia lesions are undetectable by MRI in 30% of the patients [2]. For these reasons, the term “nonlesional epilepsy” would be literally and technically incorrect. The term “MRI-negative epilepsy” better conveys the context in which it is used, in that the presurgical MRI is devoid of a structural abnormality as the probable cause of the epilepsy, and for which epilepsy surgery evaluation could be considered. The term “cryptogenic epilepsy” has also been used in reference to MRI-negative epilepsy [3]. Whereas there is some overlap between the population of patients with cryptogenic epilepsy and the population with MRI-negative epilepsy, the two conditions do not always coexist in patients. The term “cryptogenic epilepsy” arose from the concept of classifying different types of epilepsy according to etiology [4]. An example of the complex interface between epilepsy etiology and MRI findings is in familial focal epilepsies. Unless clinical and laboratory investigations are conducted to establish the heredofamilial basis of the epilepsy, familial temporal or frontal lobe epilepsy could be classified as cryptogenic epilepsy. Some members in affected families have negative MRI, whereas others have epileptogenic lesions such as mesial temporal atrophy [5]. Yet, epilepsy surgery has been effective in some MRI-positive and some MRI-negative familial focal epilepsies. Nonetheless, MRI findings have overall been consistently a more important factor than epilepsy etiology in identifying patients for epilepsy surgery, and in prognosticating the outcome of the surgery.
The Nexus between Economic Growth and Financial Development: The Case of Ethiopian Economy

This research tries to examine the effect of financial sector on the economic growth of Ethiopia over the period of 1980-2013. The paper uses ordinary least square method to determine both long-run and short-run effects of financial development on economic growth. It uses commercial-central bank asset ratio as an indicator of financial development where as variables such as openness, lagged real GDP, total investment, aid and labor force were used as conditioning variables. As to the trends of growth and financial sector of the country, Ethiopia has been experiencing strong economic growth compared to early years; the major financial institutions operating in Ethiopia are banks, insurance companies and micro-finance institutions and the financial sector of the country shows a slightly optimistic sign of growth but the performance of the financial sector of Ethiopia as compared to other middle-income African countries shows the need for more improvement. The empirical investigation shows a negative and significant effect of financial development indicator (i.e. commercial-central bank asset ratio) on the economic growth of Ethiopia. In addition, the regression results indicated that the conditioning variables openness and labor force showed an expansionary effect on the Ethiopian economy where as aid showed a significantly negative effect on the economic growth. Generally, the result of the study indicates that economic growth of Ethiopia is significantly influenced by financial sector development. Introduction
Firearm- and Non-Firearm-Related Homicide among Children

Data from 26 industrialized countries are compared to understand the incidence of firearm-related and non-firearm-related homicide among children under 15 years of age. Comparisons were made between rates per 100,000 children for each country and for the United States and all non-U.S. countries combined. It was found that the U.S. rates far exceed those of other countries. The childhood homicide rate is five times higher in the United States than in all of the other countries combined (2.57 versus 0.51). The firearm-related homicide rate for children under 15 years of age is 16 times higher in the United States than in the 25 other countries (0.94 versus 0.06), and the non-firearm-related homicide rate is four times higher (1.63 versus 0.45). These findings suggest the value of conducting further research to explain cross-national differences.
Bayesian Deep Reinforcement Learning via Deep Kernel Learning

Reinforcement learning (RL) aims to resolve the sequential decision-making under uncertainty problem where an agent needs to interact with an unknown environment with the expectation of optimising the cumulative long-term reward. Many real-world problems could benefit from RL, e.g., industrial robotics, medical treatment, and trade execution. As a representative model-free RL algorithm, deep Q-network (DQN) has recently achieved great success on RL problems and even exceed the human performance through introducing deep neural networks. However, such classical deep neural network-based models cannot well handle the uncertainty in sequential decision-making and then limit their learning performance. In this paper, we propose a new model-free RL algorithm based on a Bayesian deep model. To be specific, deep kernel learning (i.e., a Gaussian process with deep kernel) is adopted to learn the hidden complex action-value function instead of classical deep learning models, which could encode more uncertainty and fully take advantage of the replay memory. The comparative experiments on standard RL testing platform, i.e., OpenAI-Gym, show that the proposed algorithm outweighs the DQN. Further investigations will be directed to applying RL for supporting dynamic decision-making in complex environments.