Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Targeted Cognitive-Behavioral Program for Children with Conduct Problems — The SNAP® Under 12 Outreach Project: Service Intensity, Age and Gender Effects on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes

This study tested the effectiveness of a multifaceted, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) program for antisocial children — the SNAP® Under 12 Outreach Project (ORP) — in relation to age, sex and indices of treatment intensity. Study participants were 80 clinic-referred children (59 boys and 21 girls) aged 6—11 years assigned to one of the following groups: control (CG; n = 14) who did not receive the ORP, matched (MG; n = 50) who received the ORP, and experimental (EG; n = 16) who received an enhanced version of the ORP. Results indicated significant pre—post changes for the EG and MG for Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)-measured delinquency and aggression, but no improvement for the CG. Positive relationships between the number of individual ORP components (e.g. number of children's CBT sessions) received and CBCL change scores were also found. Statistical associations tended to be larger for girls and older children (i.e. 10—11 years old) who may have been more cognitively advanced. Also, the number of children's CBT sessions predicted later convictions, even after controlling for prior CBCL delinquency scores. Findings from this study support the effectiveness of the ORP, but also highlight the need to take into account client characteristics when offering clinical treatment.
High‐throughput tissue microarray analysis of G1‐cyclin alterations in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma indicates overexpression of cyclin E1

Deregulation of G1‐cyclins (CCN) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many human malignancies, including non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). In contrast to NHL, little is known about phenotypic and genotypic changes in the regulation of the cell cycle in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL). To facilitate analysis of aberrant gene expression in cHL, a lymphoma tissue microarray (TMA) containing 752 cores of 330 different cHL samples was constructed. Direct comparison of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP‐1) expression in Hodgkin's and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells on conventional full sections with the corresponding duplicate/triplicate tumour cores on the TMA showed a concordance of 100%, indicating that cHL‐TMA is a reliable and representative method for evaluating gene expression profiles in situ. Using TMA technology, protein expression and gene amplification of different G1‐CCNs in cHL were analysed. Among the G1‐CCNs analysed, cyclin E (CCNE) was expressed in 212/253 cases (84%). In most of the individual tumours, over 75% of the HRS cells stained positive for CCNE, suggesting that CCNE is overexpressed in cHL. This overexpression was not due to CCNE gene amplification, as judged by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and did not correlate with EBV infection, as assessed by the expression of LMP‐1. Thus, the overexpression of CCNE could be caused by profound changes in HRS cell‐cycle regulation that could contribute to the malignant phenotype. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Levetiracetam inhibits glutamate transmission through presynaptic P/Q‐type calcium channels on the granule cells of the dentate gyrus

Background and purpose: Levetiracetam is an effective anti‐epileptic drug in the treatment of partial and generalized seizure. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether levetiracetam regulates AMPA and NMDA receptor‐mediated excitatory synaptic transmission and to determine its site of action in the dentate gyrus (DG), the area of the hippocampus that regulates seizure activities.
Pathologic Stage of Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma at Radical Prostatectomy: Effect of Percentage of the Ductal Component and Associated Grade of Acinar Adenocarcinoma

It is unknown whether ductal adenocarcinomas are more aggressive when matched for Gleason score (assigning the ductal component as Gleason pattern 4). Moreover, little is known whether a certain percentage of the ductal component is needed to account for its more aggressive behavior. Of 18,552 radical prostatectomies performed from 1995 to 2008, 93 cases with a ductal adenocarcinoma component were identified. Cases were classified based on their ductal/acinar ratio (<10%; ≥10% and <50%; ≥50%). There was no difference in the distribution of Gleason score 3+4=7 versus 4+3=7 between ductal and nonductal tumors, such that cases were combined as Gleason score 7. There was no age, race, and serum prostate-specific antigen difference between patients with and without ductal adenocarcinoma. Cases with ductal adenocarcinoma were less likely to be organ confined (36.6% vs 65.6%) and more likely to show seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) (19.3% vs 5.3%), P<0.0001. There was no difference in lymph node metastases or positive margins between cases with and without ductal features. An increasing percentage of the ductal component correlated with an increased risk of extraprostatic extension (P=0.04) and SVI (P<0.0001). To account for overall different Gleason scores between ductal and nonductal cases, and the effect of differing percentages of ductal features as well, the following analysis was carried out. For Gleason score 7 cases and ≥10% ductal differentiation, cases with ductal features were more likely to have nonfocal extraprostatic extension (64.0%) versus cases without ductal features (34.7%), P=0.002. In this group, there was no statistically significant difference in SVI or lymph node involvement between Gleason score 7 ductal and nonductal tumors. For Gleason score 7 cases with <10% ductal features, there was no difference in pathologic stage versus nonductal cases. There was no difference in pathologic stage between ductal and nonductal cases for Gleason score 8 to 10 cases, regardless of the percentage of the ductal component. This study shows that ductal adenocarcinoma admixed with Gleason pattern 3 is more aggressive than Gleason score 7 acinar cancer, as long as the ductal component is ≥10%. In cases with a very minor ductal component, these differences are lost. In addition, Gleason score 8 to 10 tumors with ductal features are not significantly more aggressive that acinar Gleason score 8 to 10 cancers in which the pure high-grade tumor, regardless of ductal features, determines the behavior.
Comparison of the effectiveness of a milk-free soy-maize-sorghum-based ready-to-use therapeutic food to standard ready-to-use therapeutic food with 25% milk in nutrition management of severely acutely malnourished Zambian children: an equivalence non-blinded cluster randomised controlled trial.

Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition using ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) has revolutionised the treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). However, 25% milk content in standard peanut-based RUTF (P-RUTF) makes it too expensive. The effectiveness of milk-free RUTF has not been reported hitherto. This non-blinded, parallel group, cluster randomised, controlled, equivalence trial that compares the effectiveness of a milk-free soy-maize-sorghum-based RUTF (SMS-RUTF) with P-RUTF in treatment of children with SAM, closes the gap. A statistician randomly assigned health centres (HC) either to the SMS-RUTF (n = 12; 824 enrolled) or P-RUTF (n = 12; 1103 enrolled) arms. All SAM children admitted at the participating HCs were enrolled. All the outcomes were measured at individual level. Recovery rate was the primary outcome. The recovery rates for SMS-RUTF and P-RUTF were 53.3% and 60.8% for the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and 77.9% and 81.8% for per protocol (PP) analyses, respectively. The corresponding adjusted risk difference (ARD) and 95% confidence interval, were -7.6% (-14.9, 0.6%) and -3.5% (-9,6., 2.7%) for ITT (P = 0.034) and PP analyses (P = 0.257), respectively. An unanticipated interaction (interaction P < 0.001 for ITT analyses and 0.0683 for PP analyses) between the study arm and age group was observed. The ARDs were -10.0 (-17.7 to -2.3)% for ITT (P = 0.013) and -4.7 (-10.0 to 0.7) for PP (P = 0.083) analyses for the <24 months age group and 2.1 (-10.3,14.6)% for ITT (P = 0.726) and -0.6 (-16.1, 14.5) for PP (P = 0.939) for the ≥24 months age group. In conclusion, the study did not confirm our hypothesis of equivalence between SMS-RUTF and P-RUTF in SAM management.
Therapy of severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Zero-mortality under very-low-dose insulin application.

OBJECTIVE Despite modern concepts in therapy by low-dose insulin application and better care in intensive care units (ICUs), there still is a mortality of 5-10% for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The aim of this study was to develop a therapy concept to reduce complications and mortality in DKA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS From 1986 to 1997, 114 consecutive patients (mean [range]; age 34 [11-74] years) with type 1 diabetes suffering from severe DKA were treated on ICUs and investigated in a retrospective and prospective study. The following are the criteria for admission onto ICUs: < 7.20 pH level, > 300 mg/dl blood glucose, less than -12 mmol/l base excess, or < 300 mg/dl blood glucose plus severe symptoms (i.e., coma). We treated patients according to the following concepts: very-low-dose insulin application by a basal insulin infusion of 1 U/h (0.5-4.0 U/h i.v.), maximal decrease of blood glucose level by 50 mg. dl-1. h-1, slow-motion reequilibration by fluid substitution of 1,000 ml/h (Ringer-Lactate, NaCl 0.9% or half-electrolyte fluids) in the first 4 h, potassium replacement and heparin (500-1,000 U/h i.v.). RESULTS When patients were admitted to ICU, we found the following parameters: mean (range); 609.0 (86.0-1,428.0) mg/dl blood glucose level; 7.13 (6.53-7.36) pH level; and -19.7 (-41.2 to -7.0) mmol/l base excess. After 12 h of treatment, we reached the following parameters: mean values; 251 mg/dl blood glucose level, 7.31 pH level, and -9.37 mmol/l base excess level. All patients survived without any lasting deficiencies or fatal complications. CONCLUSIONS Very-low-dose insulin application and slow-motion reequilibration plus monitored substitution of electrolytes are the basic strategies in the treatment of severe DKA. In our view, small doses of infused insulin are the main reason for the safe results of this therapy program.
In Vitro Evidences of Heparin's Effects on Embryo Implantation and Trophoblast Development

Heparin seems to be effective in ameliorating pregnancy outcome in thrombophilic women with previous recurrent pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and sudden fetal death. A prophylactic effect of heparin treatment has also been proposed in terms of prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes recurrence in women with history of recurrent miscarriage, severe preeclampsia, placental abruption, low neonatal birth weight and intrauterine fetal death not related to thrombophilia, although literature in this field is quite controversial. The molecular mechanisms by which heparin might exert its potential therapeutic effects in human reproduction are still not fully understood. In this article we review the current knowledge in this research field, focusing on in vitro evidences of heparin's mechanisms of action in the processes of embryo implantation and trophoblast invasion.
microRNA-145 in Barrett's oesophagus: regulating BMP4 signalling via GATA6

Objective Barrett's oesophagus (BE) is a metaplastic condition of the distal oesophagus which predisposes to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). It has been suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the process of development of BE and EAC; however, few functional miRNA data are available. The aim of the study was to perform a tissue-specific miRNA profile and, based on this, to examine the function of miRNA-145 in the oesophagus. Design miRNA expression profiling using microarray analysis in EAC, BE and normal squamous epithelium of the oesophagus (SQ) was performed and validated using real-time PCR in samples from 15 patients and in situ hybridisation in samples from 10 patients. The proliferative effect of miRNA-145 precursor transfection in the SQ (HET-1A) and BE cell line (BAR-T) was measured. Downstream targets of miRNA-145 were determined by analysing mRNA and protein expression from miRNA-145 transfected cells. Results Three unique miRNA expression profiles were found in tissue from EAC, BE and SQ, which showed that miRNA-145 was upregulated in BE compared with EAC and SQ. Overexpression of miRNA-145 in HET-1A and BAR-T cells reduced cell proliferation and inhibited GATA6, BMP4 and SOX9 mRNA expression. Furthermore, altered BMP4 signalling was observed in vitro on miRNA-145 overexpression. These effects were blocked when cells were co-transfected with a miRNA-145 specific inhibitor. Additionally, BMP4 incubation of HET-1A cells altered miRNA-145 and GATA6 expression over time. Conclusion These results imply that miRNA-145 indirectly targets BMP4 via GATA6 and is potentially involved in the development of BE.
A Zero-Current-Switching High Conversion Ratio Modular Multilevel DC–DC Converter

As the demand of dc–dc converter for medium and high voltage application is increasing in recent years, more and more attention has been paid to modular multilevel converters (MMC). This paper proposes a novel transformerless MMC to achieve high-conversion-ratio DC–DC power conversion purpose. This converter can be used in Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) system, as a high step-up ratio solid-state transformer (SST). The proposed converter possesses scalability, simplicity as well as inherent voltage balancing capability. No complex control algorithm is needed to balance the voltages in each submodule. By using the MMC concept, N low voltage submodules are connected in series to generate a high voltage output. The conversion ratio can be regulated by the phase-shifted control. Two kinds of submodules are outlined to build the MMC. By utilizing stray inductance distributed on wire, the bulky inductors with high power loss can be removed from the system. Resonant operation between wire stray inductance and submodule capacitors assists the converter to work under ZCS mode at high efficiency. A design example with 11-time step-up ratio is analyzed and simulated. And a 200W scaled down lab prototype with 7-time voltage step-up capability has been built to verify the proposed concept.
Power of Paradox: Grassroots Organizations’ Legitimacy Strategies Over Time

Fringe stakeholders with limited resources, such as grassroots organizations (GROs), are often ignored in business and society literature. We develop a conceptual framework and a set of propositions detailing how GROs strategically gain legitimacy and influence over time. We argue that GROs encounter specific paradoxes over the emergence, development, and resolution of an issue, and they address these paradoxes using cognitive, moral, and pragmatic legitimacy strategies. While cognitive and moral strategies tend to be used consistently, the flexible and paradoxical use of pragmatic strategies has important consequences, both for GROs’ legitimacy and for their potential influence over powerful organizations associated with them. We enrich our framework with the help of two illustrative cases and discuss the implications of the framework for GROs’ legitimacy strategies in business and society literature.
Interim Analysis of a Prospective, Randomized Trial of Vacuum-Assisted Closure Versus the Healthpoint System in the Management of Pressure Ulcers

Twenty-eight patients with 41 full-thickness decubitus ulcers were randomized to compare the Vacuum-Assisted Closure device (VAC) with the Healthpoint System (HP) of wound gel products in promoting ulcer healing. A total of 22 patients with 35 full-thickness ulcers completed the 6-week trial of treatment, during which time 2 patients (10%) in the VAC group (N =20) and 2 patients (13%) in the HP group (N = 15) healed completely. The mean percent reduction in ulcer volume was 42.1% with HP and 51.8% with VAC (p = 0.46). The mean number of PMNs and lymphocytes per high-power field decreased in the VAC group and increased in the HP group (p = 0.13, p = 0.41 respectively). The mean number of capillaries per high-power field was greater in the VAC group (p = 0.75). There were 15 cases of biopsy-proven osteomyelitis underlying the ulcers; three (37.5%) improved with VAC and none improved with HP (p = 0.25). VAC promotes an increased rate of wound healing and favorable histological changes in soft tissue and bone compared with HP.
Transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Colonic Epithelial Cells by Carbachol Requires Extracellular Release of Transforming Growth Factor-α*

We have shown previously that the muscarinic agonist, carbachol (CCh), transactivates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) via calmodulin, Pyk-2, and Src kinase activation. EGFr phosphorylation causes extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation and inhibits CCh-stimulated chloride secretion across intestinal epithelial cells. Here we investigated whether CCh-stimulated EGFr transactivation involves EGFr ligand release. Pre-incubation of T84 cell monolayers with a neutralizing antibody to the EGFr ligand binding domain decreased CCh-induced phosphorylation of EGFr and ERK. CCh-stimulated efflux of86Rb+ from T84 cell monolayers, which parallels changes in chloride secretion, was potentiated by anti-EGFr pre-incubation. Anti-EGFr did not reduce CCh-stimulated Pyk-2 phosphorylation. Co-incubation with the Src kinase inhibitor PP2 and anti-EGFr had an additive inhibitory effect on CCh-induced ERK phosphorylation greater than either inhibitor alone. CCh caused the basolateral release of transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) into T84 cell bathing media. A metalloproteinase inhibitor, WAY171318, reduced CCh-induced phosphorylation of ERK and completely blocked EGFr phosphorylation and TGF-α release. We conclude that CCh-stimulated EGFr transactivation and subsequent ERK activation, a pathway that limits CCh-induced chloride secretion, is mediated by metalloproteinase-dependent extracellular release of TGF-α and intracellular Src activation. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the role of growth factors in regulating epithelial ion secretion.
Diagnostic validity of Doppler ultrasound in giant cell arteritis.

OBJECTIVES To assess the validity of Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA), using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and biopsy and using as gold standard the patient's definitive clinical diagnosis. METHODS An observational, descriptive and analytical study of 451 consecutive patients with suspected GCA was conducted, and the clinical history and ultrasound findings of the patients were reviewed. The validity of ACR criteria, temporal arteritis biopsy (TAB) and Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of GCA was calculated using the final diagnosis of the doctor in charge as the gold standard. RESULTS The validity and security of the diagnostic tests used were as follows: ACR criteria had 65.37% sensitivity and 62.89% specificity; positive predictive value [PPV] 70%; negative predictive value [NPV] 57.82%, likelihood ratio [LR] + 1.7619 and LR - 0.5506. Doppler ultrasonography had 91.60% sensitivity and 95.83% specificity; PPV 96.62%; NPV 89.76%, LR + 21.81 and LR - 0.0876; TA biopsy 42.86% sensitivity and 100% specificity; PPV 100%; NPV 35.71% and LR - 0.5714. CONCLUSIONS The halo sign, especially if bilateral, is a strong predictor of GCA with a level of accuracy sufficient to recommend its introduction into clinical practice and, in our opinion, should be considered in future classification criteria sets.
Signaling Versus Free Cash Flow Theory: What Does Earnings Management Reveal About Dividend Initiation?

We examine earnings manipulation via discretionary accruals and real earnings management prior to the release of cash reserves back to shareholders. Previous research indicates that firms manage earnings upward when they increase dividends, creating a coordinated signal to the market. We study earnings management surrounding dividend initiation to determine whether management is manipulating earnings downward to avoid the discipline imposed by dividends in the years ahead or whether they are signaling to the market. We suggest that the aim of earnings management is not to reduce earnings but that earnings are more likely managed to preserve financial flexibility, create earnings reserves, and postpone shareholders’ expectations for initiating recurring dividends. Rather than signaling with upward earnings management, we find that dividend initiating firms manage earnings downward, consistent with the free cash flow theory. Our results explain findings in prior literature for the surprisingly stable earnings performance and accrual quality in the period just after dividend initiation. Furthermore, the market day stock price reaction is inversely related to earnings management, contradicting the purpose of signaling. We provide evidence that the managerial inertia for initiating dividends represents unique agency concerns compared with an increase in existing dividend payout and to the extent that downward real earnings management does not reverse, we identify a cost to shareholders for the quasi contract of recurring dividend payout.
Clinical Investigation : Thoracic Cancer Stereotactic Radiation Therapy can Safely and Durably Control Sites of Extra-Central Nervous System Oligoprogressive Disease in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Crizotinib

Stereotactic Radiation Therapy can Safely and Durably Control Sites of Extra-Central Nervous System Oligoprogressive Disease in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Crizotinib Gregory N. Gan, MD, PhD,* Andrew J. Weickhardt, MBBS, DMedSc,y Benjamin Scheier, MD,y Robert C. Doebele, MD, PhD,y Laurie E. Gaspar, MD, MBA,* Brian D. Kavanagh, MD, MPH,* and D. Ross Camidge, MD, PhDy Departments of *Radiation Oncology and yMedical Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
The potential of Lesson Study project as a tool for dealing with dilemmas in university teaching

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of Lesson Study (LS) as a tool for dealing with dilemmas in university teaching. Design/methodology/approach This paper is the result of a LS project which was developed over two academic years (2015-2016 and 2016-2017) in the Faculties of Education and Teacher Training at the Universities of Cantabria and Oviedo (Spain). The research asked the question “How can better learning be achieved? ” The starting point for the research methodology was the identification and analysis of teaching dilemmas. The whole process was based on the triangulation of perspectives through the collection of data using techniques such as peer observation, focus groups, interviews, and the writing of the Teacher’s final report. The methodology the authors used was inspired by the Student Voice “movement. ” Findings The findings show that the potential of LS methodology for professional development in higher education is very promising, enabling teachers to deal with the questions raised by practice collaboratively, broaden their professional knowledge, introduce improvements, and establish new ways of understanding the teaching profession based on a collegial approach. Originality/value LS methodology is beginning to be known in Spain. Developments have only taken place very recently and there are still few experiences within the university context. It is not common practice for teaching in higher education to become a public space for reflection and research breaking from the traditional isolation between teachers and incorporating the voices of students.