Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Cinnamon Extract on Hyperlipidemic and Diabetic Rats

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of impact of cinnamon extract on some physiological, biochemical, hematological parameters among normal, hyperlipidemic and diabetic rats. Seventy adult male rats were randomly divided into seven groups each with 10 rats; each group was designed as follows: The first group was used as a control and was fed on standard diet and tap water ad libitum. The second group was treated with alcoholic cinnamon extract (500 mg/kg.bw). Third group was fed on high cholesterol diet (hyperlipidemic) while the fourth group was fed on high cholesterol diet and treated with alcoholic cinnamon extract (500 mg/kg.bw). The fifth group was injected with alloxan as a diabetic group. The sixth group was diabetic rats treated with alcoholic cinnamon extract (500 mg/kg.bw) and the seventh group; diabetic rats were treated with metformin drug (300 mg/kg.bw). After 30 days of experiment, rats were anaesthetized and the blood was taken by cardiac puncture for estimation of hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters. From the obtained results, the mean value of fasting blood glucose level in hyperlipidemic rats (135.5±1.9mg/dl) and diabetic rats (401.8±3.5 mg/dl) was significantly decreased when hyperlipidemic rats (123.2±1.9 mg/dl) and diabetic rats (221.1±3.5 mg/dl) treated with cinnamon extract and further decreased when diabetic rats treated with metformin drug (161.56±2.2 mg/dl) in comparison with control group (107.2±2.7 mg/dl). The mean values for serum lipid in hyperlipidemic rats were significantly decreased when hyperlipidemic rats treated with cinnamon extract as follows: total cholesterol (120.7±1.9 to 95.10±2.2 mg/dl), triglyceride (138.8±3.1to 102.8±1.51mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (56.24±1.9 to 33.14±1.9mg/dl) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) (27.76± 0.62 to 20.56± 0.30 mg/dl). In diabetic rats, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and VLDL were significantly decreased when treated with cinnamon extract and metformin drug. The level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was improved when hyperlipidemic and diabetic rats treated with cinnamon extract. In diabetic rats, red blood cells, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelets were lower, but after treating of cinnamon extract; these parameters improved to significant level in diabetic rats. Conclusion: From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that extract of cassia cinnamon bark is effective in controlling blood glucose level, serum lipids among hyperlipidemic and diabetic rats.
Strong Conscious Cues Suppress Preferential Gaze Allocation to Unconscious Cues

Visual attention allows relevant information to be selected for further processing. Both conscious and unconscious visual stimuli can bias attentional allocation, but how these two types of visual information interact to guide attention remains unclear. In this study, we explored attentional allocation during a motion discrimination task with varied motion strength and unconscious associations between stimuli and cues. Participants were instructed to report the motion direction of two colored patches of dots. Unbeknown to participants, dot colors were sometimes informative of the correct response. We found that subjects learnt the associations between colors and motion direction but failed to report this association using the questionnaire filled at the end of the experiment, confirming that learning remained unconscious. The eye movement analyses revealed that allocation of attention to unconscious sources of information occurred mostly when motion coherence was low, indicating that unconscious cues influence attentional allocation only in the absence of strong conscious cues. All in all, our results reveal that conscious and unconscious sources of information interact with each other to influence attentional allocation and suggest a selection process that weights cues in proportion to their reliability.
4 Cigarette Smoking and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Acute bronchitis, one of the most common diagnoses in ambulatory care medicine, accounted for approximately 2.5 million visits to U.S. physicians in 1998 (Slusarcick & McCaig, 2000). This condition consistently ranks as one of the top ten diagnoses for which patients seek medical care, with cough being the most frequently mentioned symptom necessitating office evaluation (Knutson & Braun, 2002; Saldías et al., 2007). The diagnosis is based on clinical findings, without standardized diagnostic signs and sensitive or specific confirmation laboratory tests (Oeffinger et al., 1997). Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a viral infection, especially by influenza, parainfluenza and respiratory syncytial virus, it is also caused by adenovirus, coronavirus and rhinovirus (Marrie, 1998). When microbiological studies are performed, less than 10-20% of patients will have evidence of acute bacterial infection (Macfarlane et al., 2001). Thus, Bordetella pertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae have been clearly established as causes of acute bronchitis. But there is no clear evidence that Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae or Moraxella catarrhalis cause acute bronchitis in adults without underlying lung disease; studies have failed to distinguish between colonization and acute infection (Ramirez-Ronda et al., 1981; Treanor & Hayden, 2000). However, these bacteria are important causes of superinfections after acute viral respiratory illnesses (Hament et al., 1999; Peltola & McCullers, 2004). The devastating health impact of cigarette smoking is well known (Kuper et al., 2002; Stewart et al., 2008). Despite ongoing efforts to reduce smoking prevalence, over 1.1 billion people continue to smoke, representing one-sixth of the world’s population (Jha et al., 2002). Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for premature mortality due to cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Dye & Adler, 1994). About half of all smokers will develop a serious smoking-related illness, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by irreversible airway obstruction, or cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, about 1–5% of smokers will develop a smoking-related malignancy, mostly lung adenocarcinoma or other epithelial cell tumours. But cigarette smoking also appears to be a major risk factor for respiratory tract infections (Marcy & Merrill, 1987). Both active and passive cigarette smoke exposure increase the risk of infections. Passive exposure to tobacco smoke in children
Role of pH in the Mutagenicity of Aflatoxin B1 in Maize Tortillas during In Vitro HumanDigestion Model

Role of pH in the Mutagenicity of Aflatoxin B1 in Maize Tortillas during In Vitro Human Digestion Model Aflatoxins (AFs) are potent mutagens, carcinogens and teratogens for humans; thus their presence in food is of great concern. A maize tortilla survey in Mexico revealed that 17% are contaminated with AFs. The initial process to prepare tortillas includes boiling maize grains with lime and to assumpt that AFs in maize tortillas are destroyed, protecting consumers from their mutagenic effects.The purpose of this study was to investigate the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in tortillas during digestion.
Is the Central and Eastern European Banking Systems Stable? Evidence from the Recent Financial Crisis

Systemic risk is a very important but very complex notion in banking and how to measure it adequately is challenging. We introduce a new framework for measuring systemic risk by using a risk-adjusted balance sheet approach. The measure models credit risk of banks as a put option on bank assets, a tradition that originated with Merton. We conceive of an individual bank’s systemic risk as its contribution to the potential sector-wide net. In this regard, the analysis of public commercial banks operating in 7 countries from Central and Eastern Europe, shows potential risk which could threaten all the financial system. The paper shows how risk management tools can be applied in new ways to measure and analyze systemic risk in European banking system. The research results is a systemic risk map for the CEE banking systems. The study finds also instability of systemic risk determinants.
Temporal patterns of change in the necrophagous hyperbenthic zooplankton community of Lobster Bay, Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong

Crab-baited traps, with a 5-mm diameter opening, were deployed 90 mm off the seabed monthly at Lobster Bay, Hong Kong, for one year between 1998 and 1999. Visitors drawn to the traps were mainly species of Ceradocus (Gammaridea: Melitidae), Tisbe (Harpacticoida: Tisbidae) and Nebalia (Leptostraca: Nebaliacea). Apart from Ceradocus sp. , all were scavengers with catches using baited traps significantly exceeding unbaited controls. Ceradocus sp. was apparently drawn to traps for refuge. The trapped scavenger community composition changed with deployment duration in the presence of bait. Nebalia sp. , Neanthes cricognatha (Polychaeta: Nereidae) and Lepedepecreum sp. (Gammaridea: Lysianassoidea) were identified mostly two/three-days post-deployment, exhibiting a potential preference for rotten organic matter. Seasonal catches were also identified for all three visitors with maxima between October 1998 and April 1999. Such seasonal patterns might be related to either turbulence destabilizing the substratum during this period or life cycle patterns in the study area.
The effects of operating factors on the removal of total ammonia nitrogen and florfenicol antibiotic from synthetic trout fish farm wastewater through nanofiltration

An aquaculture system can be a potentially significant source of antibacterial compounds and ammonia in an aquatic environment. In this study, the removal of total ammonia nitrogen and florfenicol antibiotic from synthetic aqueous wastewater was assessed by applying a commercial TFC (thin film composite) polyamide nanofilter. The effects of pH (6.5-8.5), pressure (4-10 bar), concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (1-9 mg/L), and florfenicol (0.2-5 mg/L) on the removal efficiency of the nanofilter were studied at a constant 70% recovery rate. It was found that by increasing the pH within the range of 6.5 to 8.5, it enhanced the removal efficiency by up to 98% and 100% for total ammonia nitrogen and florfenicol, respectively. With an increase in pressure from 4 to 7 bar, the removal percentage increased and then, it decreased from 7 to 10 bar. The interactions factors did not have significant effects on the both pollutants removal efficiencies. To obtain optimal removal efficiencies, an experimental design and statistical analysis via the response surface method were adopted.
Effect of morphodynamics on annual average zonation pattern of benthic macrofauna of exposed sandy beaches in Santa Catarina, Brazil

Este estudo analisou o efeito dos fatores ambientais sobre a zonacao da macrofauna bentonica da porcao subaerea de praias arenosas expostas e caracterizadas por diferentes estagios morfodinâmicos em Santa Catarina. As amostragens foram realizadas entre marco/2000 e marco/2001, a intervalos mensais nos extremos morfodinâmicos e bimestrais no estagio intermediario. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a zonacao da macrofauna bentonica apresentou as seguintes diferencas, do extremo refletivo para o dissipativo: a) aumento do numero de especies nos niveis inferiores da praia; b) aumento da extensao das zonas faunisticas caracterizadas por elevado teor de umidade do sedimento; e c) aumento da sobreposicao das zonas faunisticas, principalmente, nos niveis inferiores da praia. Os resultados da Analise de Correspondencia Canonica mostraram que estas diferencas resultam dos distintos gradientes verticais de umidade, remobilizacao sedimentar e tamanho medio de grao existentes ao longo do gradiente morfodinâmico, demonstrando a importância de analisar estas variaveis em estudos dedicados a investigar os padroes de zonacao de praias arenosas expostas e de micromare.
Medium optimization for palmarumycin C13 production in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 using response surface methodology

Background: Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12, an endophytic fungus from Dioscorea zingiberensis , was a high producer of palmarumycin C 13 with various bioactivities. In the present study, the experimental designs based on statistics were employed to evaluate and optimize the medium for palmarumycin C 13 production in mycelia liquid culture of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. Results: Among various carbon and nitrogen sources, glucose, peptone and yeast extract were found to be the most favourable for palmarumycin C 13 production based on the one-factor-at-a-time experiments. After Plackett-Burman test on the medium, glucose, peptone and yeast extract were further verified to be the most significant factors to stimulate palmarumycin C 13 accumulation. These three factors ( i.e ., glucose, peptone and yeast extract) were then optimized through the experiments of central composite design (CCD) and analysis of response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized medium compositions for palmarumycin C 13 production were determined as 42.5 g/l of glucose, 6.5 g/l of peptone, 11.0 g/l of yeast extract, 1.0 g/l of KH 2 PO 4 , 0.5 g/l of MgSO 4 x 7H 2 O, 0.05 g/l of FeSO 4 x 7H 2 O, and pH 6.5. Under the optimal culture conditions, the maximum palmarumycin C 13 yield of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 was increased to 318.63 mg/l, which was about 2.5-fold in comparison with that (130.44 mg/l) in the basal medium. Conclusions: The results indicate that the optimum production of palmarumycin C 13 in Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 liquid culture can be achieved by addition of glucose, peptone and yeast extract with their appropriate concentrations in the modified Sabouraud medium.
Türkiye de FeTeMM (STEM) Eğitimi Eğilim Araştırması

fazla bilgi- beceri–basari testleri ile gorusmenin kullanildigi, verilerin cozumlenmesinde daha cok betimsel icerik analizi ve parametrik testlerin kullanildigi tespit edilmistir. Calisma sonucunda mevcut analizlerden yola cikilarak ortaya cikarilan FeTeMM egitimi yoneliminin arastirmacilara katki saglayacagi dusunulmektedir. en Arastirmada nitel arastirma yaklasimlarindan dokuman incelemesi yontemi kullanilmistir. Arastirma kapsaminda incelenen calismalara STEM ve FeTeMM anahtar kelimeleri kullanilarak ULAKBIM, Google Akademik, Ebscohost ve YOK Ulusal Tez merkezinden ulasilmistir. Bu kapsamda amacli ornekleme yontemi ile FeTeMM alaninda yapilmis 19 lisansustu tez ve 32 makaleye ulasilmistir. Bu sekilde tespit edilen lisansustu tez ve makaleler betimsel icerik analizi yapilarak calisma turu, yayin yili, yayin yeri, yazar sayisi, arastirma yontemi, arastirma orneklemi, veri toplama araclari, veri analiz yontemleri acisindan incelenmistir. Calismanin verileri frekanslara dayali bir sekilde yorumlanarak, tablolar halinde sunulmustur. Arastirma sonucunda, en fazla calismanin 2017 yilinda yapildigi, makale sayisinin lisansustu tez calismalarinin sayisindan fazla oldugu, sadece 16 universitede lisansustu tez calismasinin yapildigi, en fazla makalenin Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri dergisinde yayinlandigi, makalelerin cogunlukla iki veya uc yazarli oldugu, calismalarda cogunlukla nitel veya nicel arastirma yontemlerinin tercih edildigi ortaya cikmistir. Ayrica calisma sonucunda, incelenen akademik calismalarda orneklem gruplarinin amacli ornekleme ile secildigi, orneklem gruplarini en fazla ortaokul ogrencilerinin olusturdugu, veri toplama araci olarak Bu arastirmanin amaci, Turkiye’de FeTeMM egitimi ile ilgili olarak yapilan lisansustu tezlerin ve makalelerin incelenerek, FeTeMM egitimi alani hakkinda genel yonelimleri belirlemektir.
Studies on Bacterial Profile of Repeat Breeding Cows with Subclinical Endometritis

The study was conducted on 72 uterine cytology samples collected from repeat breeding cows with subclinical endometritis for bacteriological examinations to find out the prevalence of aerobic bacterial flora in subclinical endometritis. Presence of aerobic bacteria was detected in 61 samples (84.72%) of repeat breeding cows with subclinical endometritis. Of the 72 cows, 61 samples (84.72%) yielded bacterial isolates; among which Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recorded the highest percentage of total isolates (38.88 %) followed by E. coli spp. (36.11 %), Streptococcus spp. (33.33 %), Enterobacter spp. (22.22 %), Proteus spp. (18.05 %) and Pseudomonas spp. (16.67 %). It is concluded from the study that large proportion of cows will have subclinical endometritis due to aerobic bacteria which results in repeat breeding syndrome.
How Different is the Dynamics of a Lennard-Jones Binary Fluid from One-Component Lennard-Jones Fluid ? 1

We investigate the dynamics of liquids and supercooled liquids whose pair interaction is described by the Lennard-Jones potential by means of extensive molecular dynamics simulations and analyze the simulation results using the mean field theory for liquids and supercooled liquids suggested by Tokuyama. From comparing the results between the one-component system and the binary-mixture system in which we adopt the KobAndersen model, we confirm the universality for the long-time self-diffusion coefficient over the both systems. In addition, we also confirm that it is suitable for representing the dynamics of liquids and supercooled liquids in the both systems to use the long-time self-diffusion coefficient as a control parameter.
Dramatic interannual changes of perennial Arctic sea ice linked to abnormal summer storm activity

[1] The perennial (September) Arctic sea ice cover exhibits large interannual variability, with changes of over a million square kilometers from one year to the next. Here we explore the role of changes in Arctic cyclone activity, and related factors, in driving these pronounced year-to-year changes in perennial sea ice cover. Strong relationships are revealed between the September sea ice changes and the number of cyclones in the preceding late spring and early summer. In particular, fewer cyclones over the central Arctic Ocean during the months of May, June, and July appear to favor a low sea ice area at the end of the melt season. Years with large losses of sea ice are characterized by abnormal cyclone distributions and tracks: they lack the normal maximum in cyclone activity over the central Arctic Ocean, and cyclones that track from Eurasia into the central Arctic are largely absent. Fewer storms are associated with above-average mean sea level pressure, strengthened anticyclonic winds, an intensification of the transpolar drift stream, and reduced cloud cover, all of which favor ice melt. It is also shown that a strengthening of the central Arctic cyclone maximum helps preserve the ice cover, although the association is weaker than that between low cyclone activity and reduced sea ice. The results suggest that changes in cyclone occurrence during late spring and early summer have preconditioning effects on the sea ice cover and exert a strong influence on the amount of sea ice that survives the melt season.
Gender, Identity Status and Career Maturity of Adolescents in Southwest Nigeria

Abstract This study investigated the relationship between identity status and career maturity of secondary school adolescents. Five hundred and eighty-one (male = 275; female = 306) senior secondary school adolescents completed the Career Maturity Inventory and the Ego Identity Status Scale. The results showed that the identity statuses significantly predicted career maturity of the adolescents but gender did not. Diffused identity status made the highest (negative) contribution to the prediction of career maturity followed by achieved and moratorium identity statuses in that order. Foreclosure identity status did not make significant contribution to the prediction of career maturity. No significant differences were found between the males and females in their career maturity and identity statuses. Implications for career counselling interventions were discussed.
Carbon nanotube toxicity: The smallest biggest debate in medical care

Abstract Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies of the twenty-first century. These applications are increasing exponentially because of the extremely small size of a large surface area per unit of volume. There is a great diversification in shape and function of manufactured nanoparticles; such as the large variety of polymers, dendrimers, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, nanoribbons. Regardless of the numerous benefits that are obtained from the use of nanoparticles, one cannot be oblivious to the potential dangers associated with their exposure. Nanoparticles are present in our environment and surroundings from natural sources as well as from anthropogenic sources. Because of the extremely small size they can easily invade the human body through inhalation, ingestion, skin penetration, injections and via medical devices. Due to higher stability, they are foreseen to remain in the body and the environment for the longer periods of time. But unfortunately, limited information is available on their potential adverse effects on the health.
THE COMPARISON OF DYADIC ADJUSTMENT RATE AND SEXUAL FUNCTION OF INFERTILE AND FERTILE FEMALES REFERRING TO BE'SAT HOSPITAL OF SANANDAJ CITY

Introduction and purpose: pregnancy and childbirth are mentally and physiologically required by females, and gestation is the symbol of their self actualization and identity. The stress of infertility causes impairment of dyadic satisfaction, diminution of confidence and depletion of couple's sexual communication times. In this study the purpose was to compare the dyadic adjustment rate and sexual function of infertile and fertile female referring to Be'sat Hospital of Sanandaj city. Articles and Methods : This research method was the kind of scientific-comparative study, and selecting method of samples was voluntary, therefore 240 female 120 of whom were fertile female referring to Be'sat Hospital Clinic of Sanandaj and 120 infertile ones referring to Be'sat Hospital infertility center of Sanandaj were selected. The Data collection tools include Spanier's Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) questionnaire and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and the U Mann Whitney Test is used to analyze the data. Findings: The result of the study didn't demonstrate significant differences between the dyadic adjustment rate and the sexual function of fertile and infertile female. In the sub scales of dyadic adjustment the significant difference (p≤0/01) was only seen in the sub scales of double consistency, agreement and love expression. In the female's sub scales of sexual function, only the vaginal moisture with (P=0/024) was significant and there were no significant differences in other sub scales. Conclusion: according to the result of this study, the infertility is not supposed to have considerable effect on the dyadic adjustment rate and the infertile female's sexual function, and even in some sub scales the infertile female's dyadic adjustment and sexual function is better than fertile ones.