Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desire to procreate among people living with HIV/AIDS: Determinants in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

This study focused on the assessment of determinants of fertility desire among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Mekelle town, Tigray, in Northern Ethiopia. An institution based cross sectional study was conducted, by interviewing members of the PLWHA associations in Mekelle town. Three hundred and seven subjects participated with a response rate of 95%, the median age of the respondents was 32. Majority (60%) of the respondents were males, 43% of all respondents were single and had a median monthly income of Birr 600.00 (35 USD), Majority of all respondents 203 (66.1%) expressed a desire to procreate, while 104 (33.9%) of them had no desire to procreate. House wives were 5.65 times more likely to want a child as compared with the other respondents OR=5.65 (1.29, 24.74). A considerable number of PLWHA expressed their desire to have a child in the future. Policy makers and health practitioners need to consider and plan for the implications of increased numbers of PLWHA who may choose to have children and should implement strategies so as to address PLWHA’s fertility issues in more comprehensive manner.
Sensitivity of atmospheric forcing on Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during the last glacial-interglacial cycle using output from PMIP3

Abstract. We use the three-dimensional Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) to simulate Northern Hemisphere ice sheets evolution through the last glacial-interglacial cycle. The simulation is driven by the NGRIP δ18O index combined with climate forcing at two time slices, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and present day (PD). In order to investigate the sensitivity of the ice sheets to the atmospheric forcing, atmospheric output from nine climate models from the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase III (PMIP3) are used to force the ice sheet model with the same set-up. The results show large diversity in simulated ice sheets between different models. By comparing the atmospheric forcing, we found that summer surface air temperature pattern resembles the ice sheet extent pattern at the LGM, which shows great sensitivity to summer surface air temperature. This implies that careful constrains on climate output is essential for simulating reliable glacial-interglacial Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. The ablation process is of vital importance for high-latitude Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. Besides, the absent nonlinear interactions between ice sheet and atmosphere and ocean, which have different signals regionally, also contribute to the mismatches between simulated ice sheets and geological evidences. Hence, we highlight the needs for coupling an ice sheet model to GCM to take into account these missing processes.
Parabolic (3,5,6)-distributions and Gl(2)-structures

We consider rank 3 distributions with growth vector (3,5,6). The class of such distributions splits into three subclasses: parabolic, hyperbolic and elliptic. In the present paper, we deal with the parabolic case. We provide a classification of such distributions and exhibit connections between them and Gl(2)-structures. We prove that any Gl(2)-structure on three and four dimensional manifold can be interpreted as a parabolic (3,5,6)-distribution.
Estimate of the global distribution of stratiform supercooled liquid water clouds using the LITE lidar

Supercooled liquid water clouds can occur in the form of thin layers that have a much larger radiative impact than ice clouds of the same water content because of their smaller particle size, yet they are poorly represented in climate models. Such clouds may be easily distinguished from ice by their high lidar backscatter coefficient and sharp backscatter gradient at cloud top. In this paper, data from the Lidar In‐space Technology Experiment (LITE), which flew on the space shuttle in 1994, are used to estimate the fraction of clouds that contain supercooled liquid water over the latitude range ±60°. Around 20% of clouds between −10°C and −15°C were found to contain liquid water, falling with temperature to essentially zero below −35°C. Even from this limited dataset some clear latitudinal clear trends were evident, with a distinctly more frequent occurrence of supercooled water in clouds associated with mid‐latitude weather systems in the southern hemisphere, as well as in tropical clouds warmer than around −15°C. The results between 40 and 60°N agree well with the distribution previously found at Chilbolton in Southern England (51°N), implying that the forthcoming long‐term lidar observations from space will be able to infer the global distribution of mixed‐phase clouds with much greater accuracy and vertical resolution than has been possible until now.
Spontaneous ordering against an external field in non-equilibrium systems

We study the collective behavior of non-equilibrium systems subjected to an external field with a dynamics characterized by the existence of non-interacting states. Aiming at exploring the generality of the results, we consider two types of model according to the nature of their state variables: (i) a vector model, where interactions are proportional to the overlap between the states, and (ii) a scalar model, where interactions depend on the distance between states. The phase space is numerically characterized for each model in a fully connected network and in random and scale-free networks. For both models, the system displays three phases: two ordered phases, one parallel to the field and another orthogonal to the field, and one disordered phase. By placing the particles on a small-world network, we show that an ordered phase in a state different from the one imposed by the field is possible because of the long-range interactions that exist in fully connected, random and scale-free networks. This phase does not exist in a regular lattice and emerges when long-range interactions are included in a small-world network.
Regionalism, Political Risk and Capital Market Segmentation in International Asset Pricing

This study examines the relationship between financial market segmentation and political risk. Financial economists have attributed market segmentation to factors such as foreign exchange risk, taxes, tariffs and capital controls whereas the influence of political risk has been largely ignored. It is discovered that markets are generally segmented on a regional basis. It is also found that there is a high correlation between political risk and capital market segmentation. However, some countries may appear to be integrated when not because their economies are affected by similar economic factors such as the price of commodities or level of economic development. These findings have profound implications for asset pricing. Multi-index models should be tested that incorporate a regional index, an economic development attribute, commodity factors and a political risk variable in order to price securities more effectively.
Generational differences and Fly-In-Fly-Out (FIFO) employee turnover

Fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) mining has experienced significant growth in the past decade and is now a typical form of employment in the sector in Australia. Evidence suggests that there are relatively high turnover levels amongst these employees. Whilst there are many contributing causes to this, there may be variances between different generational cohorts at work as arguably their workplace expectation differs. This paper investigates whether turnover intentions vary between different generations of employees. Using a questionnaire, employees were asked about their turnover intentions and this was compared against the groups of Baby Boomers, Generation X and Generation Y. Findings show that Generation Y employees had a higher intention to quit than the Baby Boomers but were no different to Generation X employees.
Diagnostic Test with Four-Tier in Physics Learning: Case of Misconception in Newton’s Law Material

Concept understanding is very important in the learning process. Understanding the correct concept has an impact on learning outcomes. This research uses the R & D method which aims to develop misconception detection instruments and produce products in the form of four-tier design misconception detection instruments and see the feasibility of the product. The quality of the instrument was tested by testing the validity of the expert judgment, test questions in the form of validity and reliability tests. The question with valid criteria is 9 questions with moderate reliability. For the feasibility of the instrument, the percentage is 84% with very decent criteria.
Healthy Parenting Skills Program toward First-Time Father’s Skills on Caring for Newborn Baby

Purpose: This study is to examine the effects of skills training program named healthy parenting program on first time father skills. The skills are baby bath and umbilical cord care, baby blanket, burping and handling the baby, baby lullaby and replace baby clothes.Method: This is a quasi experiment study. Sampling technique is purposive sampling with 30 first time father with 0-28 days new born baby. Sample equally assigned into experimental and control groups. Subject in experimental group received healthy parenting skills program, while control group was given routine care only. The instrument is observation guideline. Wilcoxon and Man Whitney Test are used to analyze data.Result: Father’ skills in experimental group after receiving the program are statistically increased from before the program (bathing and umbilical cord care, baby blanket, baby burping, baby handling, baby lullaby, replace baby clothes). Conclusion: Father’ skills in experimental group after receiving the program are statistically increased over control group (bathing and umbilical cord care, baby blanket skill, baby burping, baby handling, baby lullaby, replace baby clothes). Suggestions are the educational efforts by health-care professionals could beneficially be directed toward fathers throughout prenatal and postpartum periods. Health center in Indonesia should initiate class program directed to father in part of program in reducing neonates and post partum mothers health problems.
Bases of Power and Subordinates' Satisfaction with Supervision--The Contingent Effect of Educational Orientation.

The study seeks to find out the impact of the supervisory power bases on subordinates’ satisfaction with supervision in industrial settings. The influence of educational orientations of superiors and subordinates was also examined. The results indicated that referent power, expert power and reward power showed positive relationship with satisfaction with supervision. In terms of rank ordering of bases of power, referent power ranked the highest among other power exercises. This was followed by expert and reward power. The expert power base was also found to be positively related to the superiors’ educational orientations rather than the subordinates’. The results also showed that superiors’ evaluation of subordinates’ competency and ability were based on their education orientations.
Evaluation of the influence of maternal parity on neonatal anthropometric parameters among Hausas in Kano state

Maternal Parity has been shown to increase the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), prematurity, and mortality. The study was designed to evaluate the influence of maternal parity on neonatal anthropometric parameters among Hausas in Kano. Five hundred and twenty one subjects (mothers and babies) participated in the study. Questionnaire was used to collect the biodata, parity and other anthropometric variables (birth weight, birth length, head circumference, chest circumference, thigh circumference, mid upper arm circumference, hand length, hand breadth, foot length, foot breadth). The anthropometric variables were measured using standard procedures.One way ANOVA was used to determine the differences in neonatal variables across different categories of parity. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 20 statistical software was used for data analyses. The result shows that the mothers within the 1st category of parity give birth to babies with lower birth weight and smaller thigh circumference when compared with 2nd, 3rd and 4th. However, in birth length, head circumference and chest circumference of the neonate the differences (p < 0.001) were observed only between 1st and 2nd category of parity. Moreover, the mid upper arm circumference has similar pattern with addition to 3rd categories. In conclusion, the parity of the mother was found to influence the neonatal anthropometric variables. Keywords : Maternal Parity, Neonatal Anthropometry, Hausas
Profile of pre-service biology teachers critical thinking skills based on learning project toward sustainable development

The aims of this research are to describe the pre-services Biology teacher critical thinking skills, based on learning project to build their sustainable development competencies. This research used survey method. The subject was consists of 19 pre-service teacher on 6th semester in one of university in Palangkaraya. The instruments using test Laurent Starkey and questionnaire. The data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis technique. The result show that students critical thinking was low (26%) and lower (74%) categories. The other result showed that the instructional has not led to either project base sustainable development or critical thinking during the class. It is suggested to develop project-based learning toward sustainable development to improve critical thinking skills.
Rugby Fan Attraction Factors

Factors that influence sports fans’ game attendance have been researched extensively in USA, Europe and Australia but rather less so in New Zealand. Fans provide the financial success for professional sports organisations, not only in terms of direct revenue from gate-takings, but also indirect revenue from sponsorship, television rights and merchandise. Influence upon rugby union fan attendance over four games at two New Zealand venues (Wellington and Palmerston North) are investigated with the objective of providing insight, for sport managers, about the factors they can and cannot control. One hundred and fifty fans were surveyed using Pol and Pak’s (1993) two-stage research design that involves initial contact at the venue followed up by interviewing several days later. Fans were assigned to one of three fan groups using a simple behavioural segmentation (based on repeat attendance and “involvement” in the sporting code) that almost any sport organisation can undertake. Results were analysed using standard univariate research techniques for empirical research and show the most important influence on rugby fan attendance was the live sport action itself – the game! Yet, ancillary issues involving the stadia, general atmosphere, other fans’ behaviour, community involvement with the home team, pricing and promotion affect different groups of fans differently, giving rise to targeted marketing tactics to encourage fan attendance at home games.
QTL mapping of cold tolerance at the seedling stage using introgression lines derived from an intersubspecific cross in rice.

Low-temperature stress is an important factor controlling the growth and development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in temperate region. In this study, a molecular linkage map consisting of 136 SSR markers was employed to identify QTL associated with cold tolerance at the seedling stage. 80 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from an intersubspecific cross between Milyang23 (O. sativa ssp. Indica) and Hapcheonaengmi3, a japonica weedy rice and the parents were evaluated for leaf discoloration and SAPD value of seedlings. Rice plants were grown for 15 days in the low-temperature condition (13/20°C day/night) and the control condition (25/20°C day/night) in the growth chamber. The degree of leaf discoloration showed a highly significant correlation with the SPAD value in the low-temperature plot (r = -0.708, P < 0.0001). A total of four QTLs for SPAD were identified and the phenotypic variance explained by each QTL ranged from 5.4 to 16.0%. Two QTLs detected in the control condition were located on chromosomes 2 and 5, respectively. Two QTL on chromosomes 1 and 4 were detected at the low-temperature condition and Hapcheonaengmi3 alleles increased the SPAD values at these loci. Substitution mapping was conducted to delimit the position of qSPA-4 using introgression lines derived from the same cross. Results indicated that qSPA-4 was located in a 810-Kb region flanked by RM16333 and RM16368. The results indicated that Hapcheonaengmi3 contains QTL alleles that are likely to improve cold tolerance of Indica rice.
Heavy metals biosorption from aqueous solution by Pseudomonas sp. G1

The objectives of the study are to compare the living and non-living cells of Pseudomonas sp. G1 in their removal capacity of Cu(II) and Zn(II). For these purposes, the removal capacity, desorption efficiency of living and non-living cells and various factors affecting the adsorption, such as reaction time, initial pH of the solution and metal concentration were determined. It was found that the optimum pH value for Cu(II) removal by living and nonliving cells was 5.0, while it was 6.0 and 5.0, respectively, for Zn(II) removal. The binding capacity by living cells is significantly higher than that of dead cells at tested conditions. Most of the metal adsorption occurred during the first 10 min. Moreover, desorption efficiency of Cu(II) and Zn(II) by living cells was 76.3 and 68.4% under 0.1 M HCl and it was 93.1 and 86.5% by non-living cells, respectively.
Protein quality of three differents pecies of earthrworms

No difference in protein quality was noted between three species. of earthworms, as evaluated by net protein utilization and relative nutritive values in growing chickens" Similar growth responses per g nirrogen intalce were obtained for the earthworm meals, a broiler starter diet and a commercial fish meal sample. The results thus indicate that no harmful subslances which might have had a depressing effect on the urilization of amino acids, accumulated in the bodies of the earthworms.
Identifying important areas for orchid conservation in Crete

﻿﻿Crete is especially rich in orchids and their distribution is well known and documented by many floristic accounts. This information, however, is yet to be used to set conservation plans and priorities. We used MaxEnt incorporating both published and unpublished distribution data together with environmental variables to predict the potential distribution of orchids on Crete. The resulting probabilistic maps of species occurrence were used to identify the important areas for orchid conservation on the island. Sites prioritization was performed by applying a species weighting scheme, which was based on species niche breadth. The existence of ecological patterns determining site prioritization was determined using a regression tree analysis based on environmental variables and scores derived from Zonation analysis. The high importance sites were found on Mts Thripti, Ida and Lefka Ori, as well as at low altitude areas east of Heraklion and at the easternmost part of the island. Most of the variation in the site scores was explained by geological substrate, latitude and altitude. Based on the regression tree analysis, sites with the highest scores were at medium and high altitude areas, which are located at the interior of the island. These areas have soils mainly derived from limestones, ophiolites and deposits of calcareous rocks. The lack of a significant effect of vegetation type in explaining the distribution of high importance areas highlights the need for the establishment of micro-reserves for the conservation of orchids in Crete. Finally, endangered orchid species in need of specific conservation actions are indicated.
Tests for Parameter Instability and Structural Change with Unknown Change Point

This paper considers tests for parameter instability and structural change with unknown change point. The results apply to a wide class of parametric models that are suitable for estimation by generalized method of moments procedures. The asymptotic distributions of the test statistics considered here are nonstandard because the change point parameter only appears under the alternative hypothesis and not under the null. The tests considered here are shown to have nontrivial asymptotic local power against all alternatives for which the parameters are nonconstant. The tests are found to perform quite well in a Monte Carlo experiment reported elsewhere. Copyright 1993 by The Econometric Society.
Dental Health amongst Medical and Dental Undergraduates: Findings of an Observational Study from Karachi, Pakistan

Objective: To evaluate dental hygiene practices and dental caries status among medical and dental undergraduates studying in public sector colleges. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study which was conducted among medical and dental undergraduates. A total of 500 study subjects were chosen through a non probability convenience sampling technique. A self administered closed ended pre-tested questionnaire was distributed among participants followed by clinical examination to assess the prevalence of dental caries in them by using WHO index of dental caries. Descriptive analysis of qualitative and quantitative variables was performed. Chi square was performed to find out association between dependent and independent variables. Results: The frequency of brushing teeth among dental graduate was found more as compared to medical counterparts (66% vs. 36%, p=0.044). Majority (n=457) study subjects stated that they used dental floss for inter-dental cleaning. The mean DMFT index was found to be higher with statistically significant difference among medical undergraduates: (5.04 vs. 3.38, p=0.010); but the filled component (FT), (4.11 vs. 2.04, p=0.001), was found to be significantly higher among dental study subjects. The decayed component of medical subjects were found to be more and statistically significant as compare to their dental peers respectively (4.22±3.8 vs 2.06±2.8, p=0.001). Conclusion: Dental undergraduates had better oral health awareness and oral hygiene.
Evaluation of Changes in Blood Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Response to Islamic Fasting and Regular Physical Activity in Male and Female Subjects

Introduction: Fasting during Ramadan is a religious obligation for healthy adult Muslims. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting and physical activity on blood hematological and biochemical parameters in male and female subjects. Methods: In this study, 50 healthy subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: male control fasting (MCF) group (n=13), male training fasting (MTF) group (n=13), female control fasting (FCF) group (n=12), and female training fasting (FTF) group (n=12), and were compared in two stages (before and after the intervention). For inter- and intra-group comparisons, a repeated measure ANOVA was applied. Results: The results showed a significant decline in body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio after Ramadan fasting, compared to the pre-Ramadan period. Also, significant changes were observed in red blood cell count and hematocrit level (P<0.05). Additionally, serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and TC/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio significantly decreased after Ramadan, compared to the pre-Ramadan period. The two groups were significantly different in terms of weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio after Ramadan (P<0.05). Moreover, the two groups were significantly different in terms of changes in mean triglyceride level, TC concentration, LDL-cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, TG/HDL ratio, and TC/HDL ratio. Conclusion: Ramadan fasting, accompanied by regular physical activity, can induce positive changes in hematological and biochemical parameters. These variations may be due to dietary changes, biological responses of the body to starvation, or physical activity during Ramadan.