Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and severity of anemia among pregnant women in primary health centers/Erbil City

Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. Nutritional anemia is the most common type of anemia worldwide and mainly includes iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin C deficiencies. Iron deficiency contributes to half of the burden of anemia globally. The objectives of this study were to find out the prevalence and severity of anemia among pregnant women. A descriptive study was conducted on 600 pregnant women, during the period October 2015 to November 2016 at four primary health care centers in Erbil city. Data gathered through interview with study sample and filling questionnaire format and reviewing their antenatal records. Blood hemoglobin level was measured to assess the severity of anemia. Chi-square test and regression were used to analyze the data. Prevalence of anemia was 46.2%, and 67.1% of the anemic women had mild anemia. There was a significant association of severity of anemia with wife education and occupation, smoking, the number of abortions and cesarean section, ante partum hemorrhage, taking tablets of iron and folic acid per month. The study concluded that prevalence of anemia considered high in Erbil city, the highest percentage had mild anemia.
Previous abdominal hysterectomy Body weight : thinner women experience a slightly earlier menopause Living at high altitudes Undernourished women and vegetarians Factors not affecting age of menopause Age of menarche Socioeconomics status Ethnicity Previous use of oral contraceptives Factors potenti

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the average woman’s lifespan in the United States was significantly shorter than it is today, and few women lived past menopause. In contrast, most women now live almost one third of their lives after the menopause. In Western society, women have a life expectancy of approximately 80 years. In 2000, an estimated 31.2 million women in the United States underwent the menopausal transition. By the year 2020, the size of this group is estimated to be 45.9 million. The menopause is the time during a woman’s life when her reproductive capacity stops. The ovaries cease functioning and they produce fewer reproductive hormones. The body undergoes a variety of changes on account of this and due to aging. The menopause commonly is marked by unpleasant symptoms, yet, although some may be disabling, none is life threatening. Although menopause is a normal transition encompassing a developmental stage in the life cycle, its resulting decline in endogenous estrogen levels can affect various parts of the body. Estrogen deficiency has been implicated in an increased risk for vasomotor symptoms, urogenital atrophy, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and cognitive decline. To provide optimal health care throughout menopause, clinicians should explore the beliefs, lifestyles, and other factors of aging of women in their 40s well before the menopause.
Efficacy and Safety of Protein Supplement Use by Military and Other Physically Active Populations Is There an Optimal Time for Warfighters to Supplement with Protein ? 1 , 2

Although nutritional requirements for warfighters will inevitably vary in accordance with job role and active-inactive duty cycling, somewhat generic recommendations do still apply. In considering aspects of ‘‘optimal’’ nutrient timing, it is important to outline singular and combinatorial relationships between protein intake and physical activity (e.g., exercise) in the context of the following: 1) skeletal muscle protein turnover, 2) functional recovery, and 3) adaptation to exercise. The essential amino acid (EAA) components of dietary protein are key macronutrients regulating muscle proteostasis, because they provide substrate to replenish muscle proteins lost during fasted periods. This occurs through a substantial, albeit short-lived (;2 h) EAA-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and via an insulin-mediated suppression of muscle protein breakdown (MPB) (via carbohydrateand/or EAA-mediated insulin secretory effects). At rest, intake of protein (optimal range between 20 and 40 g of high-quality protein, equating to ;10–20 g EAAs) every ;4–5 h is advocated due to the refractoriness of MPS in response to continuous supply. Bouts of exercise also stimulate muscle protein turnover (increasing both MPS and MPB), but in the absence of protein intake net muscle protein balance remains negative such that exercise alone is catabolic. Intake of dietary protein redresses this balance through enhancing both the amplitude and duration of exercise-induced increases in MPS while concomitantly limiting MPB. These postexercise periods of positive net protein balance permit muscle adaptation and functional recovery. Finally, in relation to exercise, protein dosing (at a minimum of ;20 g) both in close proximity to exercise and thereafter every 4–5 h during waking hours (including before bedtime) is likely optimal for adaptation/functional recovery. J. Nutr. 143:
Phytosociology and interference of weeds in upland rice in Maranho State, northeastern Brazil

The objective of this research was to identify the weed species and to determine the critical periods of weed interference in upland rice in Maranhao State, northeastern Brazil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 16 treatments and four replications in two growing seasons. Treatments were increasing periods of control and coexistence of the crop with weeds, for every 10 days. Weeds were sampled with a 0.5 × 0.3 m metal rectangle which was randomly thrown four times in each plot. Phytosociological parameters computed were Density, Frequency, Dominance and Importance Value Index of each species. The more important families in both growing seasons were Poaceae and Cyperaceae. Cyperus spp. , Phyllanthus niruri L. , Alternanthera tenella Colla and Digitaria spp. reached higher values of relative importance than the other species. Coexistence of weeds with rice during the whole crop cycle in both growing seasons decreased rice grain yield by 83.4 and 72.0%, respectively. Taking into account 5% tolerance in yield reduction in cropping seasons 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, the periods before interference (PBI) were 15 and 13 days after emergence (DAE), the total periods of interference prevention (TPIP) were 25 and 45 DAE and the critical periods of interference prevention (CPIP) were from 15 to 25 and from 13 to 45 DAE, respectively. It was concluded that the weed control in upland rice must be carried out from 13 till 45 DAE to promote weed free development since the crop has low natural competitive capacity. Key words: Competition, critical period, Oryza sativa L. , weed community.
Fabrication details of Ba 1-x K x Fe 2 As 2 films by pulsed laser deposition technique

Among Fe-based superconductors, potassium doped BaFe2As2 is favorable for applications because of its relatively high transition temperature and low anisotropy. To study the superconducting properties and the applicable aspects, high quality thin films of potassium doped BaFe2As2 should be fabricate. However, the high volatility of potassium makes it difficult to fabricate thin films of this compound. In this paper, we discuss the details of the experimental conditions used to fabricate Ba1-xKxFe2As2 films by ex situ PLD method. In the first set of samples, barium ratio in the target was controlled to make films with various potassium doping rate. However, in the second set of samples, the amount of potassium was controlled to find out optimal conditions for making high quality Ba1-xKxFe2As2 films.
Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory ( MARSI , 2002 ) ANKET : Okuma Stratejileri Üst Bilişsel Farkındalık Envanteri Devam ettiğiniz sınıf ve kur ( seviyeniz ) : Yaşınız : Cinsiyetiniz : Bölümünüz : Kaç yıldır İngilizce öğreniyorsunuz :

Integration of technology in foreign language classes has long been a matter of interest for researchers. Yet, studies have often yielded indecisive and conflicting results. Besides, there have been few, if any, studies exploring the relationship between learners’ use of metacognitive reading strategies and their performance in reading tests. The aim of this study is thus to investigate not only the impact of online reading tasks on tertiary level EFL students’ test scores at a Public University in Turkey but also the role of metacognitive reading strategies they used on their test scores. A total of 51 Turkish-speaking adult learners took part in this study 25 of them were in the experimental group who were assigned online reading tasks during the term, and another 26 students were in the control group who continued reading on paper. A pre-test and a post-test, which were paperbased, were given to the two groups consisting of 20 multiple choice and lasting 30 minutes each. To detect the learners’ metacognitive reading strategies, Turkish version of Mokhtari and Reichard’s (2002) Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies was conducted. The preand post-test scores of experiment and control group and their responses to the survey were statistically analyzed through SPSS version 20.0. The results indicated that there was not a significant difference between test scores of experiment and control group after 6-week treatment. Besides, a one-way ANOVA revealed that none of the strategies was favored by the learners. As such, the results showed that online reading tasks and reading strategies did not show any effect on learners’ reading comprehensions. It was implicated in the study that stakeholders should be cautioned about the use of technology in the language classroom and expectances regarding online reading tasks potential to bring about changes in reading scores. © 2017 JLLS and the Authors Published by JLLS.
Rapid renovation of operational capabilities by ERP implementation : lessons from four Chinese manufacturers

This paper explores an alternative theoretical lens to study the organisational wide operational system renovation. We use dynamic capabilities framework to assess the capabilities of implementing ERP enabled operational system for four Chinese manufactures. The results show that dynamic capabilities approach is an effective approach to help Chinese manufacturers to diagnosis their capabilities to implement organisational wide operation system renovation.
Organizational motivation: a socio emotional engagement pathway for inter-generational integration

A socio-emotional regulatory intersection between elder and younger individuals across their career-span in an organization offer insight into inter-generational motivational differences. When applied through an organizational hierarchy of needs framework a combined psychological pathway of organizational motivation (OM); and return on investment (ROI) can explain aspects of an individual's organizational engagement. This quantitative study of 199 College of Organizational Psychologist members supports OM as an intermediary between ROI and three deliverance levels of organizational engagement (vision, mission and goals). This study shows socio-emotional regulation (in an organizational context) and OM (as a hierarchical engagement tool) as conjointly influencing OM so that individuals can better bridge inter-generational gaps. Further, an OM approach used strategically when attracting employees with talent, when developing talent, and when integrating generations can add to the organization's competitive position.
Loss Given Default for residential real estate banks: Evidence from the Euro area

Loss given default (LGD) for residential real estate loans is affected by real estate market trends due to the impact on the value of debtors’ main collateral. Banks specialised in real estate lending are expected to be better at selecting lending opportunities, properly evaluating real estate collaterals, and managing the recovery process. The recovery process is expected to differ for specialised lenders but there is no consensus about their differences from other market players.The paper examines LGD for a representative sample of European banks to underline the key differences related to real estate specialisation. Results show that real estate banks, on average, perform a better recovery process. Moreover, real estate banks not fully specialised in real estate can better manage the real estate market cycle effect, reducing the pro-cyclicality of LGD.
The Washback Effects of High School Third Grade Exam on EFL Teachers' Methodology, Evaluation and Attitude

Abstract: The widespread use of test scores for different educational and social decision making purposes has made the washback effect of tests a distinct educational phenomenon (Cheng, 1997). The high school third grade final exam in the general educational system of Iran has for long been a high stake test designed to assess the achievement of high school graduates in different school subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the washback effect of this nation-wide exam on EFL teachers’ teaching methodology, assessment procedures, and attitudes towards different aspects of the educational system. For this purpose, a researcher made, validated questionnaire was administered to 160 EFL teachers. The results indicated that the third grade nation-wide final exam adversely affects EFL teachers’ teaching methodology and increases teaching to the test effect quite noticeably as they try to teach according to the content and format of the test. The results further showed an even stronger negative effect of the exam on EFL teachers’ assessment procedures. However, the teachers’ attitude towards different aspects of the educational system was not found to be as strongly affected as the other two variables. The findings of the study are of importance for testing and assessment bureaus in charge of extensive high stake tests development. Moreover, raising teachers’ awareness of the drawback of teaching-to-the test effect of such a high stake test might help them improve their teaching and evaluation practices.
The effect of feedstock, knife wear and work station on the exposure to noise and vibrations in wood chipping operations

Industrial chipping is becoming increasingly popular, as the result of a growing demand for woody biomass. Industrial chippers are large, powerful machines that generate much noise and vibration. This study explored some factors that may affect exposure to noise and vibration, namely: feedstock type (branches vs. logs), work station characteristics (truck cab vs. separate cab) and knife wear (new knives vs. blunt knives). Exposure to noise was significantly affected by all three factors, and it was higher for branch feedstock, separate cabs and blunt knives. The higher exposure levels recorded for the separate cab were especially insidious, because they were below and above the hearing threshold and would elude immediate perception. Exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) was significantly higher for branch feedstock and for the separate cab. Knife wear seemed to determine an increase in WBV, but this effect had no statistical significance and the result could not be taken as conclusive. Among the three factors studied, work station characteristics had the strongest effect. Further studies may extend the comparison to a wider range of options, as well as explore the use of exposure variation for machine diagnostics. ;
Middle School Students’ Perceptions of Social Dimensions as Influencers of Academic Engagement

Abstract This qualitative study investigates rural middle school students’ perceptions of academic engagement. Participant-produced drawings (Kearney & Hyle, 2003), integrated with a series of semi-structured interviews (Patton, 2002), served as the primary data collection techniques. Twenty middle school students participated, stratified for socioeconomic status, grade level, gender, history of academic achievement, and school type. Findings indicate students strongly perceived the social conditions of the classroom as influencing their academic engagement, positively through an authentic community and leadership opportunities; and negatively through distraction and the judgment of peers.
Nitrogen and Potassium Fertility Affects Jalapeño Pepper Plant Growth, Pod Yield, and Pungency

The influence of N and K rates in Hoagland's nutrient solution on Jalapeno pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plant growth and pod production was determined on greenhouse-grown plants in sand culture. Varying the rates of N (1 to 30 m M) and K (1 to 12 mM) in Hoagland's solution identified optimum concentrations for Jalapeno plant growth and pod production. Two experiments were conducted to determine Jalapeno pepper sensitivity to differential fertilization. In the experiment seeded in April, nutrient treatments began at transplanting, and in the one seeded in May, treatments began after all plants had flower buds and half had flowered. Biomass and pod production per plant responded curvilinearly to N rate in both experiments. Optimum N rate for pod yield was 15 mM. Nitrogen rate affected pungency of pods only in the first experiment, with 1 m M N reducing capsaicin levels in fruit compared to other N rates. Biomass, fruit count, and fruit weight per plant increased linearly with increasing K rate in the first experiment and curvilinearly with K rate in the second experiment. The optimum K rate for pod yield was 6 mM. Potassium rates did not affect pod pungency. Jalapeno peppers grown in sand culture required 15 mM N and at least 3 mM K for optimum pod production.
Detection of parvovirus B19 IgM in patients with sickle cell disease in Lagos, Nigeria

*Corresponding author: Christianah Idowu Ayolabi, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. Tel: +234 8037186163 E-mail: ciayolabi@yahoo.co.uk, cayolabi@unilag.edu. ng Ethical approvals were obtained from the University of Lagos Medical Centre, Lagos, Nigeria. Verbal consent was obtained from each of the participating patients and the experiment was performed accordance to Helsinki declaration. The journal implements double-blind peer review practiced by specially invited international editorial board members.
Yield Response of Different Wheat Genotypes in Saline Areas of Lower Karkheh River Basin of Iran

Salinity is a major problem in irrigated areas of lower Karkheh River Basin (LKRB) of Iran where high groundwater level has compounded the situation. Use of salt-tolerant genotypes, such as high yielding salt- tolerant wheat varieties, is a potential short-term consideration to address the growing salinity problem in the area. In a three-year field study, five salt-tolerant wheat varieties-Roshan, Kavir, Akbari, Bam and Sistan-along with two local wheat cultivars (Chamran and Verinak) were evaluated for their mean productivity on salt-affected soils of the Dasht-e Azadegan. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications. Statistical analysis of combined grain yield for 3 years showed that yield performance of the genotypes varied significantly. Among the genotypes, Sistan and Verinak produced the highest and lowest grain yield, respectively, regardless of the years. The mean grain yield of Sistan, Kavir, Bam, Chamran, Roshan, Akbari and Verinak were 472.4, 446.5, 441.8, 426.3, 405.8, 393.2 and 324.7 g.m , respectively. Salt-tolerant 2 varieties produced more grain yield than the local varieties by 15%. Grain yields of salt-tolerant varieties were significantly correlated with number of kernel per spike and biological yield. Relationship of grain yield and some other traits such as number of spike and harvest index were not significant. Based on these results, we propose that Bam, Sistan and Kavir could be considered as the new high yielding cultivars of wheat for salt- affected area of the LKRB.
Pattern of Congenital Heart Diseases and Treatment Options in a Bangladeshi Centre: Analysis of 6914 cases from Non-invasive Cardiac Laboratory

Background: Echocardiography is the most sensitive tool to diagnose congenital heart diseases efficiently. It can be repeated as many times as required to see the progress, outcome of treatment and complications. Echocardiography laboratory can give a scenario of pattern of congenital heart diseases existing in Bangladesh as well as natural history of the cases and treatment options offered. Methods: It is a retrospective review of database of echocardiography patient from pediatric noninvasive laboratory of a cardiac hospital from January 2012 to December 2012. Results: Out of 6914 cases 55.73% were male and 44.27% female. Neonates include 8.48%, 36.62% Down Syndrome were infant, 34.02% were under 5 years, 17.97% were children and adolescents and 2.96% were adults. Normal Echocardiography finding was found in 17.28% cases. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was found in 18.60% cases, Atrial septal defects (ASD) in 15.41% cases, Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 8.59% cases, Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) in 1.97% cases, Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in 4.79% cases and Transposition of great arteries (TGA) in 2.26% cases. Down syndrome was the commonest chromosomal abnormality seen in 2.4% cases. Conclusion: This study shows that VSD is the commonest congenital heart lesions in our country followed by ASD. Down syndrome was the commonest chromosomal abnormality seen in 2.4% cases. Cardiovasc. j. 2017; 9(2): 97-105
A practical approach for assessing the efficiency of coated urea on controlling nitrogen availability

We propose an approach for assessing the efficiency of coating materials on controlling nitrogen (N) availability to plants. It is based on the use of coated and soluble urea (UR) applied to corn over 3 growing cycles, as follows: coated UR with longevity of 2 (UR-2m) or 4 months (UR-4m) with application of 900 mg N∙pot−1 at the beginning of the experiment, soluble UR with a split application of 900 mg N∙pot−1 (300 mg N∙pot−1 per growing cycle, UR-3x), soluble UR with a sole application of 900 mg N∙pot−1 at the beginning of the experiment (UR-1x), and a control treatment. At the end of each growing cycle, shoots were harvested to estimate N provision by the UR by quantifying dry matter (DM) and N uptake. In the first cycle, UR-2m and UR-4m promoted lower plant growth and N accumulation in shoots than UR-1x. However, in the third cycle, higher shoot N uptake and DM production was recorded in UR-4m than in UR-1x. Furthermore, fertilizer contribution for shoot N uptake in UR-4m plants was higher than those in UR-1x and UR-2m at the end of the experiment. Accordingly, consecutive growing cycles combined with forms of soluble UR application were able to characterize the pattern of N release from coated fertilizers, being, thus, a suitable method to evaluate the efficiency of such products. We argue that our practical approach could be used by the industry in fertilizer quality programs and to register fertilizer coating materials by regulatory agencies.
Inflammatory Lung Responses ChemR 23 Signaling in Pollutant-Induced Pro-and Anti-Inflammatory Role of

Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2016 by The American Association of 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814-3994. The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., is published twice each month by The Journal of Immunology at U iv of C alifnia-San D igo Seials/B om ed L ib 0699 on Jauary 7, 2016 hp://w w w jim m unl.org/ D ow nladed from