Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA): the role of illness perceptions and coping : a qualitative study

Introduction: Besides pain, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly experience fatigue as a symptom. Remarkably, individual differences in felt severity/impact of fatigue exist among RA patients. Therefore the aim of this study was to further increase our understanding of differences between more and less tired RA patients by investigating the relationship between illness perceptions (incl. self-efficacy beliefs), coping and perceived severity/impact of RA fatigue. Method: 14 patients participated in the study. By use of semi-structured in-depth interviews, information about coping and illness perceptions was gathered. The severity/impact of RA fatigue was measured with the BRAF-MDQ. An interpretative phenomenological analysis approach was used to generate a mixed top-down and bottom-up coding scheme. The data was analyzed according to this scheme in ATLASti. Next, based on the median of the total score of the BRAF-MDQ the patients were split into two groups (more/less tired). Group-trends in the data were identified by comparing the interviews of each group for similarities and differences in illness perceptions and coping behavior. Results: The two groups differed in their cognitive representation of fatigue. Both of them reported a great number and variety of physical symptoms. In contrast to less tired patients, more tired patients also reported more and various emotional symptoms, tended to distinguish between different types of fatigue and tended to perceive more and severe consequences. Moreover, they mostly held chronic timeline and causal beliefs, while those of the less tired patients tended to be episodic. Interestingly, both groups had strong self-efficacy beliefs but the more tired group frequently experienced an actual lack of control due to their fatigue. Both groups had a broad repertoire of coping strategies. However, the more tired group was more rigid, delayed, and context-independent in the application of coping strategies, and had a general preference for repressing symptoms associated with fatigue. Their appraisal of repression as effective seemed to be due to non-health related reasons. Two of the more tired patients represented special cases, in a sense that they were tired despite a tendency towards adaptive coping. Discussion: Findings of the analysis point towards the importance of psychological factors when it comes to RA fatigue. Concerning the successful adaption to fatigue, the findings suggest that it is the dynamic interplay between illness perceptions and coping behavior, which is important. This puts forth the advice of taking into account RA patient’s illness perceptions as well as coping behavior when developing interventions for fatigue. The developed heuristical model can serve as a source for hypothesis for future research. In addition, future research should examine the adaptability/maladaptability of coping behavior and the role of RA patients´ self-concepts with reference to individual differences in felt severity/impact of fatigue.
Stratigraphic and sedimentological observations from seismic data across the Chicxulub impact basin

Abstract Seismic data across the offshore half of the Chicxulub impact crater reveal a 145 km‐diameter post‐impact basin to be a thickening of Tertiary sediment, which thickens by ˜0.7 sec from the basin margin to the basin center. The basin existed long after the impact and was gradually infilled to its current flat surface. A suite of seismic horizons within the impact basin have been picked on four reflection lines across the crater. They reveal that the western and northwestern parts of the impact basin were filled first. Subsequently, there was a dramatic change in the depositional environment, indicated by an unconformable surface that can be mapped across the entire basin. A prograding shelf sequence downlaps onto this unconformity in the eastern basin. The seismic stratigraphic relationships suggest a marine regression, with sedimentation becoming gradually more passive as sediments fill the eastern part of the impact basin. The central and northeastern parts of the basin are filled last.
The germination ecology of the clonal grassland herb Knautia arvensis ( Dipsacaceae ) : regeneration strategy , geographic variation and ecological consequences

It can be argued that the overall importance of the seed and seedling stages should be low for clonal species. However, clonals differ in their rate of seedling recruitment, and this has consequences for their life histories, genetic and spatial structure, and population dynamics. We investigate germination strategies in the clonal grassland herb Knautia arvensis (Dipsacaceae) using phytotron germination experiments, field experiments, and observational data. Phytotron responses predict that gap or depth-sensing strategies are absent in K. arvensis, and that germination is seasonally synchronised. These predictions are corroborated by the field results. Seed carryover across years was demonstrated in both laboratory and field experiments. Seed batches from four different geographical regions in Norway responded differentially to laboratory treatments, with cold stratification, temperature responses, and seed carry-over increasing with the unpredictability of winter climate rather than with the severity of winter climate.
The Implementation of Character Education at Senior High School

This paper is aimed at analyzing the implementation of character education at Senior High School in Sumedang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. A content analysis method was employed to collect the data with interviews with six teachers from six different senior high schools, which represent the rural, transitional, and urban areas. The findings revealed that: (1) not all teachers understand the concept of character education; (2) the character education has not been done systematically or has not had the specific design/model for the teaching and learning process. Most teachers embedded the character values during the teaching and learning process as a form of character education. For example, through Qur’an recitation, learning tasks, group discussion, lecture, socio-drama, observation and admonition, and even through teachers’ model. Meanwhile, outside the class, character education was implemented through competition and extracurricular activities; (3) the evaluation of character education was relatively varied, such as an observation followed by admonition, group guidance, and also focusing on behavior and affective assessment in the classroom learning process. This research implied that it is needed to make a policy on a program development through the Bureau of Education to improve Senior High School teachers’ knowledge and skills in implementing the character education.
Intimate partner violence in Hawai'i: communities in distress

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major health concern for women worldwide. Many studies have explored IPV within the (mainland) United States but very few have explored the topic in Hawai’i. Thirteen women from Hilo, Hawai’i who had experienced IPV participated in one-on-one interviews. An intersectionality perspective and an ecological or ecosystem framework guided the data analysis. IPV was considered common place, a norm, and part of larger ‘societal’ problem. For some of the women, the need to belong was so strong that taking alcohol or drugs and experiencing IPV could be seen as a sign of acceptance into local culture. Multiple contextual factors acting at individual, relationship, community, and societal levels seem to increase women’s vulnerability to IPV. Similarly, individual, family, community, organizational, and societal level barriers prevented women from seeking services and leaving abusive relationships. Once certain neighborhoods become labeled as ‘violent,’ people living within and outside it (including law enforcement officials), become indifferent to incidents of violence in these communities. Preserving the strong sense of interdependence within the family, and strengthening the ideal of reciprocity and balance at home could be highly influential in preventing perpetration of IPV and helping women access IPV-related services in Hilo, Hawaii.
Genetic variation in meat production related traits in reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus)

Normal 0 21 false false false SV X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal tabell"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} In reindeer husbandry, animal breeding could offer tools for improving productivity by selection. The traits affecting meat production efficiency are primarily related to calf growth and survival, and to dam’s longevity and lifetime ability to raise heavy calves. Information on genetic (co)variation in these traits is scarce but needed in estimating the potential and effectiveness of selection as well as biological constraints. The objectives of the study were to estimate these genetic parameters from the data of an experimental reindeer herd at Kutuharju (Inari, Finland). Heritabilities (h2) and genetic correlations (rg) among the average daily gain of calves (ADG), dams’ age at maturity, individual fitness (λind) and the cumulative sum of her calves’ weaning weight over seven years (WW7) were studied with AS-Reml software using the dataset from the experimental herd. The pedigree included also sire information to allow the separation of the maternal effects. Direct and maternal heritabilities of ADG were moderate (0.24±0.09 and 0.18±0.05, respectively) and the direct-maternal correlation was highly negative (-0.73±0.17). Indeed, selection on growth necessitates information on both calf and dam. The genetic correlation of growth with birth date and birth weight could not be detected with the data. The age at maturity and λind had a small heritable component (0.07±0.12 and 0.10±0.06, respectively), whereas the heritability value of WW7 was 0.23±0.07. Reindeer herders’ empirical selection on calf’s autumn weight favours fast growth (rg between growth and autumn weight = 0.35±0.24). Dam’s weight in her first autumn was strongly correlated with her lifetime production expressed by her individual fitness (rg = 0.71±0.23) and the cumulative sum of her calves’ weaning weight (rg = 0.63±0.12). Hence, the early information on the dam (her weight in her first autumn or her first calf’s autumn weight) works as useful selection criteria for the traits related to lifetime production.
Performance of the Meteolabor "Snow White" Chilled-Mirror Hygrometer in the Tropical Troposphere : Comparisons with the Vaisala RS80 A/H-Humicap Sensors

Abstract The “Snow White” hygrometer is a low-cost, chilled-mirror hygrometer for radiosonde applications provided by a Swiss company, Meteolabor AG. A total of 54 Snow White soundings were conducted at five tropical stations in different seasons in 2000–01. All soundings were made with Vaisala RS80 radiosondes equipped either with the A-Humicap (22 soundings) or H-Humicap (32) relative humidity (RH) sensor. Comparisons of the RH with respect to liquid water between the Snow White and the different RS80 Humicap sensors are made. The Snow White measurements show reasonable agreement with the H-Humicap measurements from the surface up to ∼12 km (above −50°C air temperature), the region where the H-Humicap sensor can be considered reliable. Above 12 km, the H-Humicap sensor tends to miss small vertical-scale structures in RH due to the time lag error, but on average both instruments show no significant difference up to 14 km (−65°C). The comparison between the Snow White and A-Humicap sensors shows the known.
Human harvesting of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819, on the central coast of Portugal

SUMMARY: The Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819, has traditionally been removed from the shore by humans in coastal areas to supplement diet, for commerce or for bait. On exposed rocky shores of the central coast of Portugal, humans are an important intertidal predator, especially of mussels and of the pedunculate barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes (Gmelin, 1789). Four rocky shore sites near Cabo Raso with different levels of accessibility were compared in terms of harvesting pressure, substratum cover, density and size structure of M. galloprovincialis. Sampling surveys were conducted from March to September 2002. For substratum cover determinations a 50 cm x 50 cm square was used, while density and size structure were estimated based on scrapings performed on a 10 cm x 10 cm area. A log-linear model was used to evaluate human harvesting according to several factors. Significant differences in the harvesting intensity were related to accessibility, type of day (weekday, weekend or holiday), period of the day, weather and tidal amplitude. The differences relative to zone were not significant. The least accessible site (0.30 person day -1 ) showed the highest values of substratum cover, and a negative correlation was found between number of harvesters and substratum cover by mussels. Size distribution also varied considerably according to site. The major difference that was noticed was that less accessible sites showed a higher number of large individuals than more accessible areas. Density in the most accessible location showed a clear decline, above all after summer holidays. Over the study period, in the more accessible sites biomass decreased while in the other locations it increased. Long-term studies are necessary to determine the real magnitude and effects of human disturbances in intertidal communities.
Geo-Spatial Analysis of Crime in Kaduna Metropolis , Nigeria . GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF CRIME IN KADUNA METROPOLIS , NIGERIA

Criminal activities are important concerns for public safety of our contemporary society. Clarifying where different types of crimes occur is one of the many important functions of crime analyses. This research aimed to map and analyse crime in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria, applying Geo-Spatial Technique. The attribute data were obtained from the Police Divisional Head Quarters in Kaduna. An administrative map of the study area was used to delineate the police districts according to the Divisional Police Headquarters Jurisdiction in Kaduna Metropolis. The study identified and mapped a total of 11 crime types in the study area. The coordinates of each crime incidence were obtained from Google Earth Pro 4.2, this is because the exact location were not captured when the crimes were committed. An overlay analysis was performed and all the acquired coordinates of the crimes were displayed on the composite map. Finally, a GIS database was created where the spatial and attribute data were encoded and query analysis was performed. The study revealed that Theft/Stealing and Hurting/Fight ranks highest with 19.29% and 16.82% respectively. The study also discovered that crime incidence is highest in Tudun Wada with (15.05%), followed by Sabon Tasha and Rigachikun with 10.24% and 10.16% respectively. The study also revealed that Tudunwada, Sabon Tasha, Rigachikun and Rigasa are the major crime hotspots in the metropolis. This research, therefore recommends more effort should be put towards fighting crime especially in the months of December and January as the two months have the highest number of crimes committed. Also, crime cases should be recorded in details alongside their geographical coordinates by the Nigerian police.
Dissolution of unions in Europe : A comparative overview

In this paper, we present a number of descriptive measures of couples’ experience of union dissolution in a wide range of European countries. We use data from the last round of Fertility and Family Surveys in order to get a broad cross-country comparison of levels and basic patterns of union disruption in countries considered. We use corresponding data from the USA in order to find out to what extent patterns in Europe differ from those at the other side of the Atlantic. With a number of life-table estimations we display levels of union dissolution of couples in different types of unions. Evidently, the picture looks different if one follows marriages from the date of marriage formation than if one follows any union from the date when a couple moves together. In addition, the stability of unions that start as cohabitation differs from the stability of unions that begin with a direct marriage. Our presentation reveals that unions in any European country are much more stable than unions in the US. The latter country stands out as an extreme case no matter what type of union we choose to study. Nevertheless, a high degree of variation also exists within Europe; a number of Catholic countries in Southern and Eastern Europe impress with particularly low levels of union dissolution.
Does emotional intelligence mediate the relationship between conflict and relationship satisfaction in romantic relationships

The current study explored the relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI), Relationship Conflict and Relationship Satisfaction in romantic relationships. The sample comprised 179 participants who were all in heterosexual relationships, 123 females (M =29.04 years, SD = 13.08 years), 55 males (M= 32.84 years, SD = 11.19 years). Participants responded to a self report questionnaire. Partial support was found for the hypothesis that on average, participants with higher levels of General and Positive Relationship Satisfaction and lower levels of Negative Relationship Satisfaction, would engage more in effective and less in ineffective conflict resolution styles, and argue ineffectively less frequently with their partners. The hypothesis that on average, participants with a high level of EI would have a higher level of General and Positive Relationship Satisfaction and a lower level of Negative Relationship Satisfaction, than those with low EI, was also partially supported. The findings also partially supported the hypothesis that on average, participants of high EI would engage more in effective and less in ineffective conflict resolution styles, and argue ineffectively less frequently with their partners. Overall, partial support was found for the exploratory question which investigated whether a participant’s level of EI would mediate the relationship between the participant’s level of Relationship Conflict and Relationship Satisfaction. It was concluded that the current findings contribute to the growing body of research on EI and more specifically, support the importance of EI in social relationships. The current study provides preliminary evidence for the direct relationship between EI, Conflict and Relationship Satisfaction and particularly, partially supports the contention that EI mediates the relationship between Conflict and Satisfaction in romantic relationships.
Integrating multiple data sources to assess the distribution and abundance of bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in Scottish waters

The distribution, movements and abundance of highly mobile marine species such as bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus are best studied at large spatial scales, but previous research effort has generally been focused on relatively small areas, occupied by populations with high site fidelity. We aimed to characterize the distribution, movements and abundance of bottlenose dolphins around the coasts of Scotland, exploring how data from multiple sources could be integrated to build a broader-scale picture of their ecology. We reviewed existing historical data, integrated data from ongoing studies and developed new collaborative studies to describe distribution patterns. We adopted a Bayesian multi-site mark-recapture model to estimate abundance of bottlenose dolphins throughout Scottish coastal waters and quantified movements of individuals between study areas. The majority of sightings of bottlenose dolphins around the Scottish coastline are concentrated on the east and west coasts, but records are rare before the 1990s. Dedicated photo-identification studies in 2006 and 2007 were used to estimate the size of two resident populations: one on the east coast from the Moray Firth to Fife, population estimate 195 [95% highest posterior density intervals (HPDI): 162–253] and the second in the Hebrides, population estimate 45 (95% HPDI: 33–66). Interaction parameters demonstrated that the dolphins off the east coast of Scotland are highly mobile, whereas those off the west coast form two discrete communities. We provide the first comprehensive assessment of the abundance of bottlenose dolphins in the inshore waters of Scotland. The combination of dedicated photo-identification studies and opportunistic sightings suggest that a relatively small number of bottlenose dolphins (200–300 individuals) occur regularly in Scottish coastal waters. On both east and west coasts, re-sightings of identifiable individuals indicate that the animals have been using these coastal areas since studies began.
Hematological indices in the adult saudi population: Reference intervals by gender, age, and region

Introduction Hematological parameters are critical in disease diagnosis, management, and monitoring; however, complete blood count (CBC) reference intervals vary across populations. The aim of the current study was to provide the reference ranges of hematological parameters/indices in the healthy adult Saudi population. Methods A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of employees who were screened pre-employment from January 2015 to December 2019, at tertiary care hospitals in three regions. Demographic and CBC data were extracted from the electronic health system. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were used to determine the reference intervals. Results Of a total of 1,388 participants, 53.82% were male. The majority 96% was less than 40 years old, and 85% were from the Central region. Gender-related differences were observed for the RBC count, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and the platelet count. Age-related differences were observed for the RBC, Hb, HCT, and eosinophils. The WBC parameters did not differ by gender or age categories. Region-related differences were observed for the RBC, hemoglobin, HCT, MCV, WBC, and basophils. The platelet count was higher in the female group, the age group 40 years and above, and in the Western region. The prevalence of anemia was high in the female group and the Eastern region. The overall neutropenia rate was 12.8%. Conclusion The data from this study provide hematological parameter reference ranges for the adult Saudi population by gender, age, and region. Gender and age-related differences were observed for the hematological parameters. Anemia was more frequent in the female group and the Eastern region. Caution must be taken when comparing or interpreting results from different age groups, gender, region of origin, and ethnicity.