Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cost calculator for mass vaccination response to a US college campus outbreak of serogroup B meningococcal disease

ABSTRACT Serogroup B (MenB) is the leading cause of meningococcal disease among 16- to 23-year-olds in the United States and has been responsible for all 10 college outbreaks between 2011 and 2017. Outbreak-associated costs levy a substantial and unforeseen burden on colleges/universities and surrounding communities, in part because they involve collaboration with local and state health departments to develop points-of-dispensing (PODs) outbreak response plans and rapid mass vaccination of a large at-risk student population. The MenB outbreak at Providence College in 2015 was used as a case study to develop an Excel-based Meningococcal Outbreak Cost Calculator that uses target populations for mass vaccination to estimate the costs and resources associated with a meningococcal disease outbreak response. Resources include labor, medical supply, and other nonlabor costs (eg, vaccine-related adverse event costs) over an 18-month period following the outbreak declaration. Based on the actual Providence College population partially or fully vaccinated with MenB-FHbp (Trumenba®, Bivalent rLP2086) (3-dose schedule), the calculator estimated aggregate direct costs of $1,350,963 over 18 months post-outbreak for 4,418 individuals. For planned full vaccination of the enrolled undergraduate population (4,795 individuals), the tool estimated total costs of $1,798,399. In both cases, the majority of costs were for medical supplies (88%–89%) and contract services (7%–9%). This calculator can help to plan a mass vaccination campaign for MenB outbreak control, and underscores the need to vaccinate pre-emptively against diverse disease-causing strains before an outbreak occurs.
SCALING PROPERTIES OF SMALL-SCALE FLUCTUATIONS IN MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the majority of natural systems, including the interstellar medium, the solar corona, and the solar wind, has Reynolds numbers far exceeding the Reynolds numbers achievable in numerical experiments. Much attention is therefore drawn to the universal scaling properties of small-scale fluctuations, which can be reliably measured in the simulations and then extrapolated to astrophysical scales. However, in contrast with hydrodynamic turbulence, where the universal structure of the inertial and dissipation intervals is described by the Kolmogorov self-similarity, the scaling for MHD turbulence cannot be established based solely on dimensional arguments due to the presence of an intrinsic velocity scale—the Alfvén velocity. In this Letter, we demonstrate that the Kolmogorov first self-similarity hypothesis cannot be formulated for MHD turbulence in the same way it is formulated for the hydrodynamic case. Besides profound consequences for the analytical consideration, this also imposes stringent conditions on numerical studies of MHD turbulence. In contrast with the hydrodynamic case, the discretization scale in numerical simulations of MHD turbulence should decrease faster than the dissipation scale, in order for the simulations to remain resolved as the Reynolds number increases.
CSPC: A Monitoring Procedure for State Dependent Processes

Most Statistical Process Control (SPC) methods are not suitable for monitoring non-linear and state-dependent processes. This paper introduces the Context-based SPC (CSPC) methodology for state-dependent data generated by a finite-memory source. The key idea of the CSPC is to monitor the statistical attributes of a process by comparing two context trees at any monitoring period of time. The first is a reference tree that represents the 'in control' reference behaviour of the process; the second is a monitored tree, generated periodically from a sample of sequenced observations, that represents the behaviour of the process at that period. The Kullback-Leibler (KL) statistic is used to measure the relative 'distance' between these two trees, and an analytic distribution of this statistic is derived. Monitoring the KL statistic indicates whether there has been any significant change in the process that requires intervention. An example of buffer-level monitoring in a production system demonstrates the viability of the new method with respect to conventional methods.
Analisi statistica della convergenza economica tra le regioni italiane

Negliultimiannilaletteraturasullacrescitaeconomicaharitrova-to un nuovo vigore soprattutto grazie allzampio dibattito sullaconvergenza delle economie, sia a livello nazionale che a livellosub-nazionale.In Italia il di¤uso interesse verso lzanalisi della convergenza(odivergenza)delle economieregionalie motivatoin particolaredalle problematiche legate al dualismo nord-sud. Se, infatti, epossibile osservare vistosi processi di convergenza durante glianni sessanta e settanta, lo sviluppo economico delle regioniitaliane e, successivamente, contraddistinto da una forte etero-geneita territoriale. La crescita economica nellzultimo venten-nio,infatti, si e fortemente di¤erenziata tra regioni, siafavoren-do alcune aree geogra⁄che, come il nord-est, sia approfondendoil divario tra nord e sud.Diconseguenzasiera¤orzatalzesigenza,siaalivellonazionale,sia da parte di organismi europei, di programmare una piu e¢-cace allocazione dellerisorse⁄nanziarie, alloscopodi favorirelosviluppodelle regionipiu arretrate. Attenzioniesforzi vengono,cosi, rivoltialla necessitadiindividuare lerealideterminanti deidivari regionali nei livelli di steady-state della produttivita.In questo lavoro lo sviluppo economico delle regioni italianevieneanalizzatonellzambitodellaletteraturasuiprocessidicon-vergenza, con lzobiettivo di valutare lzin¢uenza, sui sentieri dilungo periodo della produttivita, di variabili di natura non soloeconomica,ma anche organizzativa, strutturale ed istituzionale.Il lavoro e articolato come segue. Nei paragra⁄ 2 e 3 ven-gono brevemente presentati i principali modelli per lzanalisi dei2
Research Universities in Africa

rather to assess the progress being made by Chinese universities on their way to becoming world-class. The ethos informing the establishment of this classification system was revealed at the 2013 International Higher Education Research and Policy Roundtable in Shanghai (Siwinska 2013) when, in response to the question why they included Nobel Prize winners in the ranking system when China did not have Nobel Prize laureates, the response given was that to be world-class, you must have a Nobel Prize laureate.
PROGNOSTIC AND PREDICTIVE MARKERS IN HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS

Clinical behaviour, response to treatment and prognosis vary greatly not only between different hematopoietic neoplasms, but also within individual disorders. Establishing the proper diagnosis is just the first step in patients’ management. The decision about the initiation of therapy and type of treatment is often dictated by many additional parameters, which may vary from standard laboratory values to complex prognostic indices to new sophisticated molecular tests. With the improved treatment modalities many prior parameters lose their prognostic or predictive values. The development of targeted therapy dictates the need for constant update of the prognostic parameters and better definition of predictive markers, more and more at the molecular level. The prognostic and predictive parameters can be broadly divided into standard and novel markers. The former include clinical data, laboratory values, morphologic and immunophenotypic features and the latter include chromosomal and molecular markers. In the first part of this review, individual parameters will be briefly described and the second part will summarize the prognostic and predictive values in most common hematologic neoplasms.
An examination of college freshmen’s food choices

The prevalence of obesity and overweight has heightened over the last 40 years. Over two thirds of the US adult population is overweight or obese. Further, 18% of adolescents, ages 12 to 19, are obese, which is an increase of over 13% since the late 1970‘s. Food environment and peer influence have been emerging areas of study and are thought to be catalysts to unhealthy eating choices. College students present a unique opportunity to look at the impact of a changing food environment, including changes in peer groups. This study is concerned with how students‘ peers impact their food consumption and ultimately weight. College freshmen were recruited during their first month on campus at Kansas State University. The students participated in a year-long, three-part study to track their eating habits, weight and height. The students‘ parents were also asked to participate by filling out a survey on eating habits. The students also asked one friend they ate with at least once a week to fill out a food record with them. The collected information was transformed into daily average calories for each of six food groups and for macronutrients. A peer ratio was created from the parents and friends calorie intakes to determine the similarity in consumption by each food group or macronutrient. A system of equations was specified and estimated for both food groups and macronutrients. For the food group model, beverages were the only food group with a statistically significant peer ratio term. The coefficient on the ratio was positive, indicating that students would consume more calories from beverages, as their college friends consumed more calories from beverages relative to the students‘ parents at home. In the macronutrient model, protein had a statistically significant and positive peer ratio. An examination of the impacts of predicted calories consumed from food groups, along with other individual characteristics, on student‘s BMI in the spring term, indicated that increasing snack consumption led to an increase in BMI while increasing bread consumption caused a decrease. Eating more meals at the university dining center also increased BMI. An analysis for the predicted macronutrient values revealed a similar relationship with eating more meals at the dining center, but the predicted macronutrients did not have statistically significant impacts on BMI. AN EXAMINATION OF COLLEGE FRESHMEN‘S FOOD CHOICES
A core product model for representing design information

5 1. Motivation 6 2. Organizational Setting 6 2.1 The Knowledge-based System Interoperability Project 6 2.2 Related Projects 7 3. Related Research 7 3.1 Product Modeling 7 3.2 Design Information Flow Modeling 9 4. Objectives 10 5. Pragmatic Study 10 6. The Core Representation 11 6.1 Representation of Attributes and Class Types 11 6.2 Semantics 12 6.3 Class Hierarchy 16 6.4 Associations and Aggregations 17 6.5 Relationships 18 7. Present and Potential Applications 19 7.1 Design Repository 19 7.2 Open Assembly Design Environment 7.3 Design for Tolerancing 21 7.4 Design-Process Planning Integration 21 8. Areas for Future Research 22 8.1 Extensions to Support of Interoperable Tools 24 8.2 Exploration of Applicability to Full Lifecycle of Artifact 24 9. Summary 25 Acknowledgements 25 References 26 Appendix A: Comparison of Four Product Models 33 Appendix B: The Core Model 36
ONLİNE ALIŞVERİŞTE HİZMET KALİTESİNİN VE ALGILANAN DEĞERİN MÜŞTERİ MEMNUNİYETİ İLE TEKRAR SATIN ALMA NİYETİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

In this study, it was aimed to investigate of the relationship among the service quality, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction and to post-purchase intention which provided by online shopping sites in Turkey. In this direction, using the E-S-QUAL scale which developed by Parasuraman et al. (2005), data were collected by face to face interviews from customers who live in Kütahya and had service experience in Turkey's biggest online shopping sites. 1.966 available survey data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and AMOS 16 programs. According to the analysis results; e-service quality has a positive effect on e-perceived value, e-customer satisfaction and to post-purchase intention; e-perceived value has a positive effect on e-customer satisfaction and post-purchase intention; e-customer satisfaction has also a positive effect on the post-purchase intention.
An analysis on EAP learners' pragmatic production: a focus on request forms

The present study focuses on the effect of instruction in the use of request linguistic realisations by 160 female learners of English as a foreign language. All participants were engaged in an English for Academic Purposes course. Data were collected by means of a pre-test and post-test distributed before and after a training period that lasted one semester. Learners' performance denoted the positive effects of explicit instruction in the use of request strategies, thus coinciding with findings from previous studies (Tateyama et al., 1997). Results from the present study also lead to further research in settings where English is learnt as a foreign language and where learners lack the chances to be exposed to authentic pragmatic input
An overview of industrial and organisational psychology research in South Africa: A preliminary study

Orientation: The generation and development of knowledge for the benefit of the discipline of industrial and organisational psychology by means of research is a core academic focus. Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore general research trends in the field of industrial and organisational psychology in South Africa from 1950 to 2008. Motivation for study: Research in the field tends to be influenced by either the changing needs of business or the occupational or personal fields of interest of academics, which often lead to an overemphasis on specific subdisciplines at the expense of others. This research aims to critically review dominant trends in the research focus areas in the field, in the light of present challenges in the changing work context. Recommendations are also made for possible future research. Research design, approach and method: A broad systematic review was carried out to analyse documented published and accredited South African research in the field ( n = 2501). Main findings: Although there has been a proportional decline in personnel psychology research since 1990, there has been a proportional increase in both organisational psychology and employee wellness research since 1980 and 1990, respectively. Some areas of the industrial and organisational psychology field appear to be consistently under-researched. Practical implications: The insights derived from the findings can be used by academia and researchers in the field to plan future research initiatives. Contribution/value-add: The findings provide preliminary insights that contribute to the body of knowledge concerned with the industrial and organisational psychology field in the South African context.
End user computing and office automation: a diffusion of innovations perspective

AbstractThis article proposes that a Diffusion of Innovations framework, popular in many disciplines, can be used as a theoretical basis for examining the underlying forces driving both End User Computing and OfBce Automation. It reviews how these two phenomena are currently being treated in the literature, and how, although they appear to be quite similar both in definition and application, they have quite different viewpoints of the users' acceptance of information technology. The article suggests that the difference in these viewpoints is more one of perception than substance. The diffusion of innovations framework is then reviewed and some modifications to one of the more popular models are suggested. Finally, the model is applied by examining the acceptance of personal work stations within organisations.
A Game of Martingales

We consider a two player dynamic game played over $T \leq \infty$ periods. In each period each player chooses any probability distribution with support on $[0,1]$ with a given mean, where the mean is the realized value of the draw from the previous period. The player with the highest realization in the period achieves a payoff of $1$, and the other player, $0$; and each player seeks to maximize the discounted sum of his per-period payoffs over the whole time horizon. We solve for the unique subgame perfect equilibrium of this game, and establish properties of the equilibrium strategies and payoffs in the limit. The solution and comparative statics thereof provide insight about intertemporal choice with status concerns. In particular we find that patient players take fewer risks.
Data mining in finance: advances in relational and hybrid methods

Foreword G. Piatetsky-Shapiro. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. The Scope and Methods of the Study. 2. Numerical Data Mining Models with Financial Applications. 3. Rule-Based and Hybrid Financial Data Mining. 4. Relational Data Mining (RDM). 5. Financial Applications of Relational Data Mining. 6. Comparison of Performance of RDM and other methods in financial applications. 7. Fuzzy logic approach and its financial applications. References. Subject Index.
eXclusive Autoencoder (XAE) for Nucleus Detection and Classification on Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Stained Histopathological Images

In this paper, we introduced a novel feature extraction approach, named exclusive autoencoder (XAE), which is a supervised version of autoencoder (AE), able to largely improve the performance of nucleus detection and classification on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histopathological images. The proposed XAE can be used in any AE-based algorithm, as long as the data labels are also provided in the feature extraction phase. In the experiments, we evaluated the performance of an approach which is the combination of an XAE and a fully connected neural network (FCN) and compared with some AE-based methods. For a nucleus detection problem (considered as a nucleus/non-nucleus classification problem) on breast cancer H&E images, the F-score of the proposed XAE+FCN approach achieved 96.64% while the state-of-the-art was at 84.49%. For nucleus classification on colorectal cancer H&E images, with the annotations of four categories of epithelial, inflammatory, fibroblast and miscellaneous nuclei. The F-score of the proposed method reached 70.4%. We also proposed a lymphocyte segmentation method. In the step of lymphocyte detection, we have compared with cutting-edge technology and gained improved performance from 90% to 98.67%. We also proposed an algorithm for lymphocyte segmentation based on nucleus detection and classification. The obtained Dice coefficient achieved 88.31% while the cutting-edge approach was at 74%.
Design of a reluctance synchronous machine for traction motor applications using the finite element method

Traction motors, specifically in underground shuttle vehicles, often operate in harsh conditions including steep grades, heavy payloads and high ambient temperatures. These motors require maximum torque density as well as cool and robust operation in order to optimise the overall process and to avoid the current requirement for a duty cycle. The contribution of this research is the design of a new traction motor, a Reluctance Synchronous Machine (RSM), via the 2-D Finite Element Method (FEM) as the primary engineering design tool to replace the commonly used Induction Machine (IM). The electromagnetic and mechanical design of the RSM are performed in commercially avaliable FEM software packages FLUX and ANSYS respectively. The electromagnetic design uses the PyFLUX command language and Python scripting to vary five rotor geometric parameters in a linear progression to find where maximum average torque and minimum torque ripple occurs for each parameter. The mechanical strength of the RSM rotor is defined by two geometric parameters whose final values are chosen via a case study based design in ANSYS. The newly designed RSM runs much cooler than the original IM and develops only 8.4% less torque than the IM. As a result, it should not require a duty cycle and will be capable of a higher rating and thus more torque can be delivered to the end process (up to 42% more) while the motor remains in the same motor frame size. Furthermore, there is a large area of research pertaining to the overall electromagnetic design method used. This includes the use of optimisation algorithms, integrated rotor-stator design, mechanical support placement and grading, various torque ripple reduction techniques and the inclusion of permanent magnets or composite powder metals for the RSM rotor.
Chemical and Biological Treatment of Fish Canning Wastewaters

Abstract — The main environmental problems of fish canning industries are high water consumption and high organic matter, oil and grease and salt content in their wastewaters. This work aims to analyze the situation of different plants located north of Douro river, in Portugal, in order to propose various solutions to their problems. Thus, initially it was made an identification and implementation of prevent and control pollution measures within the industrial units in order to reduce water consumption, minimize the wastewater production and reduce the pollutant load to treat. Then, the wastewater treatability was evaluated through a sedimentation and coagulation-flocculation process and through an aerobic biological degradation. In the sedimentation and coagulation-flocculation process two organic coagulants (RIPOL 070 and RIFLOC 1815), commonly used in wastewater treatment, were tested, leading to good results, especially in terms of oil and grease and total suspended solids removals. The best suspended solids removal efficiencies were 53% and 79%, using 400 mg/L of RIPOL 070 and 150 mg/L of RIFLOC 1815, respectively. At these dosages, both coagulants demonstrated excellent oil and grease removals, about 99% for RIFLOC 1815 and 88% for RIPOL 070. The aerobic biological treatment with activated sludge proved to be very adequate to organic matter removal. Two feed flow rates were tested and the highest TOC removal efficiency (96%) was verified with the lowest one (0.75 L/h), corresponding to a longer hydraulic retention time (8 h). So, the proposed sequential treatment, combining physico-chemical and biological processes, proved to be an effective alternative to start the fish canning wastewaters treatment for further reuse in the industrial process.
A NEW SCALING RELATION FOR H ii REGIONS IN SPIRAL GALAXIES: UNVEILING THE TRUE NATURE OF THE MASS–METALLICITY RELATION

We demonstrate the existence of a local mass, metallicity, star formation relation using spatially resolved optical spectroscopy of H ii regions in the local universe. One of the projections of this distribution—the local mass–metallicity relation—extends over a wide range in this parameter space: three orders of magnitude in mass and a factor of eight in metallicity. We explain the new relation as the combined effect of the differential distributions of mass and metallicity in the disks of galaxies, and a selective star formation efficiency. We use this local relation to reproduce—with a noticeable agreement—the mass–metallicity relation seen in galaxies, and conclude that the latter is a scale-up integrated effect of a local relation, supporting the inside-out growth and downsizing scenarios of galaxy evolution.