Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using travertine deformations to characterize paleoseismic activity along an active oblique-slip fault: the Alhama de Murcia fault (Betic Cordillera, Spain)

A preliminary paleoseismic study of trave rtine deposits cut by an active oblique-slip fault is presented. The Alhama de Murcia fault affects late Pleistocene and Holocene travertine deposits along the Lorca-Totana segment. Travertines along oblique-slip (reverse-sinistral) active faults have not been reported. On the Alhama de Murcia fault, CaCO3 rich springs are linked to an extensional step-ove rand to releasing fault junctions in a reverse-sinistral fault zone. The sampling methodology for U/Th dating employed to avoid contamination (by choosing material from a geochemical closed system) is described. A petrographic analysis is necessary to ensure the quality of the samples. Terrace-mound, fissure-ridge, eroded sheets and range-front trave rtine deposits occur in the Alhama de Murcia fault zone. At Carraclaca a 15 m amplitude monocline fold was formed by the reverse movement of this fault which has been active since the late Pleistocene. The first available absolute ages for deformed and undeformed travertines yield a vertical slip rate of 0.08mm/yr. It is possible to estimate 4818 yr of recurrence time for the northern branch given the slip per event on alluvial deposits in the southern branch of the Alhama de Murcia fault.
MODELS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Entrepreneurship has become a growing trend with growing importance within the global marketplace, seen as providing a satisfying and rewarding working life at the level of the individual, and as contributing to prosperity and economic growth at a national level. Thus, answering the questions of why people demonstrate entrepreneurial behaviour and what factors affect their decision to become entrepreneurs has been and still remains a topic of intense research interest. Towards identifying the factors that shape the entrepreneurial decision several explanatory models of entrepreneurship determinants have been developed. The aim of this study was to provide a review of extant literature related to models of the determinants of entrepreneurial intention and behaviour. The models reviewed were of three types traits models, situational models and intention-based models of entrepreneurship.
OCCURRENCE OF PHYTOPHTHORA ON REFORESTED LOOSE- GRADED SPOILS IN EASTERN KENTUCKY 1

Plant pathogens of the genus Phytophthora may pose a threat to trees on reclaimed mine lands. The presence of these pathogens in forest soils of Appalachia has been documented, but their presence and relative distribution in mine spoils is unknown. Soil samples from mine spoils at the Bent Mountain, KY reforestation site were tested for presence of Phytophthora spp. , and, specifically, P. cinnamomi, using a soil-baiting method. Loose-graded mine spoils (brown sandstone, gray sandstone, mixed spoil, and shale) dumped in 2005 and 2007 at the Bent Mountain reforestation site were tested monthly from May to October 2007 for Phytophthora at the surface (top 0-10 cm) using a soil baiting method. Soils collected from two non-mined control sites within Robinson Forest and Berea Forest were also tested using the same method. Colonies obtained from the baiting method were isolated in PARP-H V8 Phytophthora- selective medium and incubated at 25°C. Colonies with Phytophthora-characteristic morphology were tested by PCR. PCR results, confirmed by DNA sequencing, indicate that P. cinnamomi was successfully isolated using the baiting method from forest soils. No Phytophthora spp. were detected by the baiting method from mine spoils. Future work will involve testing water that has infiltrated through mine spoils for presence of Phytophthora spp. Water collected from lysimeters will be filtered to capture mycelial fragments or reproductive structures of Phytophthora species through exclusion on the filter membrane and the membrane will be subjected to DNA extraction and PCR. The presence of Phytophthora spp. in spoils and water in comparison to media physiochemical characteristics, aqueous geochemistry of infiltrated waters, and tree growth with regards to reforestation efforts on different tailing media will be evaluated.
Eysenck's BIG THREE and communication traits: Communication traits as manifestations of temperament

Two studies are reported which sought to determine the possible limitations of the proposition that “temperament is manifest through communication. ”; The results of earlier studies suggest that many communication related traits indeed are correlated with one or more temperament variables. In the present study Willingness to Communicate, Singing Apprehension, and Innovativeness were found to be associated with one or more of the BIG THREE temperament variables. Writing apprehension was found to have no meaningful relationship with any of the temperament variables. It is concluded that, while most important oral communication traits probably are correlated with one or more temperament traits, some other communication traits, like writing apprehension, may not be.
Ownership and Sector Performance in Current China | A Regional Study *

This paper uses the latest provincial data to study the productivity implications of ownership diversii¥cation in China's industry. It investigates the different performance of di? erent ownership sectors. It is found that there are significant differences in both production technology and the determinants of economic performance at provincial level between sectors of SOEs, collectives, domestic private enterprises, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan funded firms and foreign invested firms. While Cobb-Douglas production functions fit the production technologies of the state controlled, collective and overseas Chinese funded sector very well, the production technologies of the domestic private and foreign funded sector are better represented by Translog production function. The average total factor productivity across di? erent sectors is ranked from the foreign funded sector, domestic private sector, collective sector, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan funded sector, to the state controlled sector in descending order. In addition, the determinants of economic performance change substantially from one ownership sector to another.
Changes in alpine vegetation over 50 years in the Western Tatras (Slovakia)

Abstract This paper examines changes in alpine vegetation over 50 years in the Western Tatras part of the Western Carpathians Mountains in Slovakia. We focus on the following most widespread vegetation types: subalpine to subnival grasslands (alliance Juncion trifidi Krajina 1933), snowbed vegetation (alliance Festucion picturatae Krajina 1933) and dwarf-shrub vegetation (alliances Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 and Vaccinion myrtilli Krajina 1933). The historical 1971–1977 sampling dataset was re-sampled in 2016–2017 and our research is based on a comparison of 40 pairs of these relevés. Herein, we studied (i) changes in species frequencies; (ii) changes in phytodiversity and site conditions using estimates of Ellenberg’s eco-indices and (iii) comparison of historical and current relevés over time using the nonmetric multidimensional scaling gradient analysis (NMDS) ordination method. The frequency curves reveal differences; especially in the most frequent species at 37.5−80%, which reach higher values in the current data. The higher 7.5−25% value of medium-frequent species in the historical relevés indicates progressive homogenisation of the examined vegetation. In addition, the Shannon-Wiener index of individual vegetation types revealed no significant differences in diversity or average number of species. The historical relevés included 75 species while 74 were confirmed in the current data. Statistically significant differences were determined in light factor for all three vegetation groups. This was due to the retreat of some light-demanding species. While NMDS indicated changes in Festucion and Vaccinion relevés over time, the Juncion group relevés did not follow this trend, thus confirming their high stability. The observed changes between current and historical data are attributed to changes in climate and altered land use with the cessation of grazing.
Assessment of Egyptian buffaloes crossing with Pakistani and Italian buffaloes for some production traits

Egyptian buffaloes are considered one of the most important dual purpose farm animals that represent 44% of dairy animals in Egypt. In 1980, the Animal Production Research Institute (APRI) imported 93 Pakistani semen straws for crossbreeding to improve milk productivities. In 2003, Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) allowed the commercial importation of Italian buffalo semen, which randomly utilized in some large scale buffalo farms. This study aims to evaluate the Egyptian buffalo crosses with both Pakistani and Italian buffaloes for some productive traits to assess the crossing trials. For the first trial of the study, 180 records (85 pure Egyptian buffaloes (E), 22 record 1/2 Egyptian (E) 1/2 Pakistani (PA) buffaloes and 52 record 3/4E 1/4PA buffaloes and 21 record 7/8E 1/8PA) through the period from 1980 to 1998 were used for the evaluation of Egyptian (E) Pakistani (PA) crossbred. Data for the second trial, concerned with the evaluation of the Egyptian (E) Italian (I) crosses, was collected from two private farms. A total 138 records; 64 record from Ganat Elreda farm (32 record E and 32 record 1/2E 1/2I) and 74 records from "United Group farm" (26 record E and 48 record 1/2E 1/2I buffaloes) was utilized. Utilized record covers the period from 2005 to 2009. Average for total milk yield was nearly the same for Egyptian and its cross with Pakistani buffaloes. In trial 1, Milk yield generally tended to increase with the advancement of parities till the ≥7 parity. Egyptian buffaloes showed the highest values for all growth traits measures. In trial 2, significant difference in milk productivity between the Egyptian and its Italian crossbred, which was significantly higher (P  0.001) in farm 2 than it is in farm 1 (P  0.01), was observed. The same trend in difference was detected for the parity effect. Italian crosses showed higher least square means (LSM) estimates for total milk yield (TMY) than the Egyptian buffaloes, which also increased with the advancement of the parity, in the two farms. LSM data reveal increase of 27 and 15% in 1/2E1/2I crossbred milk production than the Egyptian in farm 1 and farm 2, respectively. Difference between the highest and lowest breeding value (BV) in the Egyptian population is larger than it is in the crossbred population. More studies are recommended for the assessment of productive, reproductive and genetic diversity of crossbred populations before the enhancement of crossbreeding activities on national level. (Fooda, T. A.; Elbeltagy, A. R.; Laila R. Hassan and SetEl-habaeib S. Awad. Assessment of Egyptian buffaloes crossing with Pakistani and Italian buffaloes for some production traits. Journal of American Science 2011;7(1):269-276). (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org.
Sources and pathways of dust during the Australian “Millennium Drought” decade

From the late 1990s to mid‐2010, Australia was affected by a prolonged period of drought, the “Millennium Drought,” during which numerous severe dust storms crossed the continent. We inspect this period to produce the first continental‐scale climatology of air‐parcel trajectories that is specific to dust and use it to gain new insights into dust transport dynamics over the eastern half of Australia. The analysis is based upon dust arrival times from airport meteorological observations made at nine mostly coastal cities for 2000–2009. The Hybrid Single‐Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model was used to calculate 1.26 million backward trajectories from receptor cities, with only those trajectories associated with a dust storm observation considered in the analysis of dust transport. To tie dust trajectories from receptors to likely emission sources, trajectories were linked to six known major dust source regions in and around the Lake Eyre Basin. The Lake Eyre North ephemeral lake system, alluvial‐dominated Channel Country, and agricultural Mallee‐Riverina regions emerge as important sources for the period, providing variable contributions to different parts of the seaboard as controlled by different front‐related wind systems. Our study also provides new detail regarding dust pathways from continental Australia. For the Millennium Drought we identify that the broadly established Southeast Dust Path may be more accurately subdivided into three active pathways, driven by prefrontal northerly winds and a variation in the influence of frontal westerlies. The detail of these pathways has implications for dust delivery from specific Australian sources to different marine environments.
The Decline in the Volatility of the Business Cycles in the UK

We analyse the sources of the decline of business cycle volatility in the UK using a dynamic factor model that allows for the presence of a structural break in the conditional mean and variance of output, sales, income and unemployment. We augment the factor model with an economic component to investigate the role of structural changes and improved monetary policy in the volatility decline of the series. Our results suggest that the dominant cause for the observed volatility decline is the reduced variability of shocks.
Fenugreek productivity and N and P balance sheet with varying fertilizer levels, biofertilizers and brassinosteroid in Typic Haplustepts

A field study was carried out at Ajmer, Rajasthan with three fertilizer levels and three biofertilizer inoculations (Rhizobium, PSB and Rhizobium + PSB) in main plots and three concentrations of brassinosteroid ( BR) in sub-plots of a split plot design. 100 % RDF, co-inoculation of Rhizobium and PSB and BR 0.50 ppm produced a pooled seed and haulm yields of 2245 and 5236, 2085 and 4941, and 2098 and 4891 kg/ha, respectively, which were significantly superior to their preceding treatments. Interaction of fertility levels and biofertilizers was also found significant. A combination of 100 % RDF + dual inoculation, being on a par with 80 % RDF + dual inoculation, gave the highest seed, haulm and biological yield. Data on actual soil nitrogen and phosphorus status after crop harvest or E values (kg/ha) showed an improvement in both nutrients at 60 to 100 % RDF. Among different bio-fertilizer inoculations, the order of mean E values (kg/ha) for N were co-inoculation > Rhizobium > PSB but order for mean E values for P was co-inoculation > PSB > Rhizobium . Among brassinosteroid, the order for mean E values of N and P (kg/ha) was BR 0.50 ppm (170.09 and 8.88) > BR 0.25 ppm (168.37 and 8.80) > water spray (165.90 and 8.68). Data on actual mean gain or loss (G=E-initial soil nutrient status) of N and P showed a positive balance under all three kinds of treatments.
Does Sales Promotion practices promote Customer Retention in the Oil Marketing Industry? A case of Goil Ghana Limited Dome-Kwabenya

The rationale behind this study was to establish whether sales promotion to any extent retains customers and to identity the perception of consumers on the benefits associated with sales promotion in the oil marketing industry. Staffs and customers of Goil Ghana Limited constituted the population of the study. A descriptive research design was employed and purposive and accidental sampling to select sixty-six (66) respondents. The result from the study discovered that sales promotion is capable of retaining customers in an oil marketing industry through sales promotional incentives. It was found that sales promotion encourages competition among oil and gas companies thereby compelling the players in the industry to provide quality service to customers resulting in a greater benefit for the consumer. This study concludes that if Goil Ghana Limited wants to enjoy good profits globally and Ghana in particular, it should work hard to increase customer retention through customer satisfaction and strong sales promotional activities .
Iron and neutron-capture element abundance variations in the globular cluster M2 (NGC 7089)

We present CN and CH indices and CaII triplet metallicities for 34 giant stars and chemical abundances for 33 elements in 14 giants in the globular cluster M2. Assuming the program stars are cluster members, our analysis reveals (i) an extreme variation in CN and CH line strengths, (ii) a metallicity dispersion with a dominant peak at [Fe/H] = -1.7 and smaller peaks at -1.5 and -1.0, (iii) star-to-star abundance variations and correlations for the light elements O, Na, Al and Si and (iv) a large (and possibly bimodal) distribution in the abundances of all elements produced mainly via the s-process in solar system material. Following Roederer et al. (2011), we define two groups of stars, "r+s" and "r-only", and subtract the average abundances of the latter from the former group to obtain a "s-process residual". This s-process residual is remarkably similar to that found in M22 and in M4 despite the range in metallicity covered by these three systems. With recent studies identifying a double subgiant branch in M2 and a dispersion in Sr and Ba abundances, our spectroscopic analysis confirms that this globular cluster has experienced a complex formation history with similarities to M22, NGC 1851 and omega Centauri.
North-Atlantic Sea-Level and Circulation

Summary. Monthly sea-levels from an extensive array of North Atlantic tide gauges (26-50"N) are examined. The spatial scale of the sea-level variations, and the reasons for them, are discussed; one application of such a study is clearly in the design of a tide gauge network for monitoring eustatic changes of sea-level. The spatial scale of the sea-level changes is large. There is a coherent sealevel signal which can be traced along the eastern boundary of the North Atlantic from Newlyn (50"N) to Tenerife (28"N). There are also two distinct groupings of tide gauges along the western boundary, separated by Cape Hatteras. The contribution of local air pressure and wind stress is quantified at each gauge through multiple regression techniques and the gains are then interpreted in terms of recent theoretical and numerical modelling studies. For example, the gains suggest that the wind-forced boundary current along the Nova Scotian shelf is trapped to within about 16 km of the coast. The influence of local meteorology cannot account for the large-scale modes of variability. The coherent signal along the eastern boundary is correlated with changes in the Sverdrup transport of the North Atlantic and hence the large-scale wind field. The two modes on the western boundary appear to be related to baroclinic boundary current variations. The Newlyn sea-level record is finally 'corrected' for some of the above effects to illustrate the utility of such a residual series in the identification of eustatic changes and vertical crustal movement.
Effect of Prebuckling and Edge Support on Bifurcation Buckling of Torisphere, Cylinder and Cone

This paper considers the buckling behaviour of commonly used shell structures in the offshore and oil industry. Three types of shells subjected to external pressure were examined, and they are: (i) torispheres, (ii) circular cylinders and (iii) truncated cones. It is assumed that shells are made from steel and the material is modeled as elastic material behaviour. Buckling strength for cases of different prebuckling/perturbation load and different edge support were obtained. In the case of transfer, results indicate that the magnitude of prebuckling/pertubation load has a significant effects on the bifurcation pressure. Whilst, changing the edge support has no effect on the buckling load. For the case of circular cylinder and cone, numerical calculation reveals that the magnitude of the prebuckling/pertubation load does not affect the bifurcation pressure. Whereas, in the case of different edge support, for a convergent solution to be obtained, the edge support must be either pinned or fully clamped at both ends. This is purely numerical study but the results of bifurcation pressure were compared with available data in open literature.
Computational Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil Fitted with Coandă Jet

Various methods of flow control for enhanced aerodynamic performance have been developed and applied to enhance and control the behavior of aerodynamic components. The use of Coandă effect for the enhancement of circulation and lift has gained renewed interest, in particular with the progress of CFD. The present work addresses the influence, effectiveness, and configuration of Coandă-jet fitted aerodynamic surface for improving lift and , specifically for S809 airfoil, with a view on its incorporation in the wind turbine. A simple two-dimensional CFD modeling using - turbulence model is utilized to reveal the key elements that could exhibit the desired performance for a series of S809 airfoil configurations. Parametric study performed indicates that the use of Coandă-jet S809 airfoil can only be effective in certain range of trailing edge rounding-off radius, Coandă-jet thickness, and momentum jet size. The location of the Coandă-jet was found to be effective when it is placed close to the trailing edge. The results are compared with experimental data for benchmarking. Three-dimensional configurations are synthesized using certain acceptable assumptions. A trade-off study on the S809 Coandă configured airfoil is needed to judge the optimum configuration of Coandă-jet fitted Wind-Turbine design.
Characterization of Camel Production System in Afar Pastoralists, North East Ethiopia

A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to characterize camel production system in Afar Region. From the 110 responses of the camel owners interviewed 68.2% of them prefer camels as their first choice over other livestock species and mainly kept in the society for milk production. Disease accounted 40.9% of the main problems of camel rearing society of the Afar pastoralist and about 35.8% of the camel culling reasons were attributed to camel diseases. External parasite infestation and pneumonia were the most common health problems with 51% and 31.8% respectively. More than 80% of breeding male camels were selected from the own herd and rarely acquired from other sources. The (Mean±S.D.) age at first calving was 5.36±0.74 years in afar female camels and the life span ranges from 14-29 years. Daily milk yield of Afar camels ranges from 2.01-12.0 liters per day in 2- 3 milking times. The average age to select breeding male is 2.75±1.50 years. The production system of the Afar society has never got enough support from the respected bodies. Policy makers, researchers and funding agencies should give attentions to camels in combating food security in the ever widening desertification in areas like Afar.
Preparation of concentrated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from soybean oil

The study was aimed to prepare concentrated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from soybean oil by hydrolysis and urea complexation to obtain the maximum concentration of PUFA. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) derived from chemically hydrolysed soybean oil were concentrated by urea complexation. The chemical hydrolysis was carried out in 1M ethanolic alkaline solution by refluxing at 60 oC for 30 min. The production of LA and ALA from chemical hydrolysis were 53.4% and 6.4% respectively. Concentration of LA and ALA were affected by urea/fatty acid ratio, crystallisation temperature and time. After complexation of saturated and less unsaturated fatty acids, the maximum concentration of LA (84.0%) and ALA (15.3%) was obtained using an ethanolic solution with urea:fatty acid ratio (3:1) at 4 oC for 24 h crystallisation. A combination of chemical hydrolysis and urea complexation is a promising method to obtain highly concentrated omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA from soybean oil. Keywords: urea/fatty acid ratio; urea complexation; linoleic acid; α-linolenic acid; crystallisation time and temperature