Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Iron Supplementation and Restrictive Transfusion Strategy in Hip Fracture Surgery

Background Hip fracture surgery (HFS) is often associated with perioperative blood loss, and it frequently necessitates transfusion. However, the hemoglobin (Hb) threshold for transfusion remains controversial in hip fracture patients. We evaluated the usefulness of the restrictive strategy and preoperative intravenous iron supplementation in HFS. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,634 patients (> 60 years of age) who underwent HFS between May 2003 and June 2014 and were followed up for 1 year or more after surgery. We used the liberal transfusion strategy until May 2009 to determine the transfusion threshold; afterwards, we switched to the restrictive transfusion strategy. Patients with the restrictive transfusion strategy (restrictive group) received intravenous iron supplementation before surgery. We compared the transfusion rate, morbidity, and mortality of the restrictive group with those of the patients with the liberal transfusion strategy (liberal group). Results Preoperative intravenous iron supplementation was not associated with any adverse reactions. The transfusion rate was 65.3% (506/775) in the liberal group and 48.2% (414/859) in the restrictive group (p < 0.001). The mean hospital stay was shorter in the restrictive group (21.5 vs. 28.8 days, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the postoperative medical complications including myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular event. Mortality at postoperative 30, 60, and 90 days was similar between the two groups. Conclusions Our blood management protocol involving restrictive strategy combined with preoperative intravenous iron supplementation appears to be effective and safe in HFS of elderly patients.
The Annual Inhalation Radiation Effective Dose Estimations for Hookah Tobacco Smoking of Baghdad’s Publics

It’s known that tobacco has many chemical, biological, and etc. dangerous but there are little studies about the radioactivity hazards of tobacco, especially smoking of hookah tobacco. In this work, tobacco used in shisha and available in local markets in Baghdad has been measured against natural occurring radioactive materials (NORM), which are U-238, Th-232, and K-40. The obtained overall average results of those isotopes were 5.29, 2.97, 84.89 Bq/kg, receptively. The annual inhalation radiation effective dose (AIRED) has been estimated according to two models. The overall average estimations of AIRED were 3.537 mSv/y for 1st method and 0.430 mSv/y for 2nd method. However, both methods, although have big difference, have values higher than the recommended values that limited by international agencies.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus-like particles induce dendritic cell maturation and modulate T cell immunity

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that play an important role in both innate and acquired immune responses against pathogens. However, the role of DCs in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear. Virus-like particles (VLPs) that structurally mimic the original virus are one of the candidates COVID-19 vaccines. In the present study, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) VLPs were used as an alternative to live virus to evaluate the interaction of the virus with DCs. The results revealed that SARS-CoV-2 VLPs induced DC maturation by augmenting cell surface molecule expression (CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II)) and inflammatory cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p70) in DCs via the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. In addition, mature DCs induced by SARS-CoV-2 VLPs promoted T cell proliferation, which was dependent on VLPs concentration. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 VLPs regulate the immune response by interacting with DCs. These findings will improve the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
Overview of T-cell Lymphomas

T-cell lymphomas are a mixed bag of diseases with a similar origin but diverse in biology and behavior. This review aims to highlight the key changes to the WHO classification and summarize the therapeutic paradigm as of the time of writing in November 2018. subtypes. Two distinct molecular subgroups have been identified in PTCL NOS with differing clinical outcomes and prognosis. High expression of transcription factor GATA3 was associated with worse clinical outcomes, while TBX2 expression enriched by IFNgamma and NfKB pathways was associated with better survival. These findings provide insight into a disease which has been a diagnosis of exclusion, with poor clinical outcomes and minimal advances in treatment.
SMRT: an active–passive microwave radiative transfer model for snow with multiple microstructure and scattering formulations (v1.0)

Abstract. The Snow Microwave Radiative Transfer (SMRT) thermal emission and backscatter model was developed to determine uncertainties in forward modeling through intercomparison of different model ingredients. The model differs from established models by the high degree of flexibility in switching between different electromagnetic theories, representations of snow microstructure, and other modules involved in various calculation steps. SMRT v1.0 includes the dense media radiative transfer theory (DMRT), the improved Born approximation (IBA), and independent Rayleigh scatterers to compute the intrinsic electromagnetic properties of a snow layer. In the case of IBA, five different formulations of the autocorrelation function to describe the snow microstructure characteristics are available, including the sticky hard sphere model, for which close equivalence between the IBA and DMRT theories has been shown here. Validation is demonstrated against established theories and models. SMRT was used to identify that several former studies conducting simulations with in situ measured snow properties are now comparable and moreover appear to be quantitatively nearly equivalent. This study also proves that a third parameter is needed in addition to density and specific surface area to characterize the microstructure. The paper provides a comprehensive description of the mathematical basis of SMRT and its numerical implementation in Python. Modularity supports model extensions foreseen in future versions comprising other media (e.g., sea ice, frozen lakes), different scattering theories, rough surface models, or new microstructure models.
The Impact of the Cervical Lordosis on Postural Sway Parameters in Asymptomatic Participants

The vertebral column is the defining characteristic of vertebrates. The human vertebral column can also be referred to as the spine, and constitutes the central element of the body’s axial skeleton. This structure has several key roles: (1) a stable support for the body, (2) kinematic motion and (3) protection of the spinal cord. Characteristically the spine consists of 33 vertebrae in series with 24 vertebrae separated from each other by 23 intervertebral discs. Five unique regions are identifiable within the spine with regions either comprising separate or fused vertebrae. Each vertebra is named according to the region and location from superior to inferior within its region: cervical (7 vertebrae C1–C7), thoracic (12 vertebrae T1–T12), lumbar (5 vertebrae L1–L5), sacral (5 fused vertebrae S1–S5) and coccygeal (4 [3 to 5] fused vertebrae). The sagittal morphology of the spine is either naturally lordotic or kyphotic. Kyphotic curvatures possess concavities anteriorly and include the thoracic and sacrococcygeal regions. Lordotic curvatures possess convexities anteriorly, and include the cervical and lumbar regions. The naturally lordotic cervical region consists of seven vertebrae, two extremely specialised vertebrae are located superiorly including the atlas and axis, while below the axis are five standard vertebrae. The cervical spine is highly mobile, and this region is frequently described in conjunction with the skull and is referred to as the craniocervical region due to the complex osteokinematic interrelationships. ; Submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of the Sunshine Coast, 2019.
CMAR_A_201415 7197..7210

Jin Zhao* Zhong Guo* Qiang Wang Tianbin Si Shuyan Pei Hongmei Qu Lina Shang Yuqing Yang Lili Wang 1Department of Medical Function, Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, No. 1 Hospital of Longnan City, Longnan 746000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, People’s Republic of China
Comparative assessment of periodontal complex by experimental method and elaboration of new protocols for corresponding treatment of external and perforating internal resorption resulted many years after trauma

Objective The objective of the study is to assess the condition of periodontal complex by cone beam computed tomography and objective data of gingival crevicular fluid in young with different types of tooth root resorption as a result of a maxillofacial trauma, and to use the obtained results to develop new treatment strategy. Material and Methods This clinical, experimental, non-randomized study included cone beam computed tomography as well as determination of gingival crevicular fluid volume and pH in 4 patients who were divided in two groups. Both groups consisted of the patients with tooth root external and perforating internal resorption. In the first group (G1) antibiotics was administered along with conventional endodontic treatment, while in the second group (G2) endodontic treatment was carried out without antibiotics. Results in the G1 the volume of gingival crevicular fluid was 6 mm2 and more, while pH was 6.5. No pain or edema were observed during the postoperative period. In the G2, the volume of gingival crevicular fluid was 6 mm2 and more, while pH was 7,0 and 6,5 in external and perforating internal resorption, respectively. Postoperative period was accompanied by pain, while edema was observed in perforating internal resorption. Conclusions According to the results obtained within the frames of this experimental study it can be concluded that the change in objective data of gingival crevicular fluid occurs in external and perforating internal root resorptions, while the use of antibiotics during the postoperative period prevents the occurrence of tenderness and complications such as edema.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of using platelet rich fibrin (PRF) as a sole grafting material and membrane in augmentation of dehiscence and fenestration defects encountered during dental implant surgery

Background: Bone regeneration in dehiscence and fenestration defect can be improved with the use of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) that provides a scaffold for new bone regeneration. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of PRF as a graft material and membrane in dehiscence and fenestration defects. Materials and Methods: This prospective clinical study included patients who received dental implants that demonstrated peri-implant defects which were augmented using Leukocyte- PRF (L-PRF) or Advanced-PRF (A-PRF). Twenty four weeks postoperatively the defect resolution and the density of regenerated bone were assessed by CBCT and re-entry surgery. The assessment also included measurement of primary and secondary implant stability using Periotest® M, success rate and complication rate of the installed implants. Results: The mean overall intraoperative defect size was 29.44 (± 14.1) mm2, postoperatively it became 2.07 (± 3.6) mm2 with a statistically significant difference (p= < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between L-PRF and A-PRF. Defect resolution ranged from 80% to 100% with a mean of 95.7% (± 6.7%). Defects that showed complete resolution were significantly smaller in size (21.2± 7 mm2) than those that showed partial resolution (44.4± 11 mm2). The overall mean primary stability recorded was 2.9 (± 1.6) Periotest values (PTV) and overall mean secondary stability was -0.22 (±1.4) (P<0.0001). The overall mean HU of the newly formed peri-implant bone was 385.7 (± 77.4). Conclusions: PRF as the sole graft material for peri-implant defects results in complete defect resolution in small to moderate defects, larger defects may require the addition of bone substitute to achieve complete defect resolution.
Reduced plasma orexin-A levels in patients with bipolar disorder

Purpose Orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in the regulation of sleep, appetite and arousal. An altered orexin system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to examine whether plasma orexin-A levels differ in patients with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), or bipolar disorder (BD) compared to in healthy controls. We also examined the possible correlations between plasma orexin-A levels and clinical variables. Patients and methods All participants were Japanese. The sample consisted of 80 patients with schizophrenia (42 women, 52.5%; mean age 36.8 years), 80 patients with MDD (43 women, 53.8%; 43.7 years), and 40 patients with BD (24 women, 60%; 41.1 years), as well as 80 healthy controls (48 women, 60%; 47.0 years). Plasma orexin-A levels were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Mean orexin-A levels were significantly different across the four diagnostic groups (F=4.09; df=3; p=0.007, η2=0.06). In particular, the patients with BD showed significantly lower orexin-A levels than did the controls. When the median value of the control group (109.8 pg/ml) was set as a cut-off value, subjects whose orexin-A levels were below the cut-off were more common in all psychiatric groups (schizophrenia: 73.8%, x2=9.56, df=1, p=0.003, OR=2.81, 95% CI: 1.45 to 5.45, d=0.57; MDD: 78.5%, x2=14.02, df=1, p<0.001, OR=3.65, 95% CI: 1.82 to 7.29, d=0.72; BD: 87.5%, x2=16.0, df=1, p<0.001, OR=7.00, 95% CI: 2.49 to 19.70, d=1.07). We found no association between plasma orexin-A levels and any clinical symptoms, depression severity, or medication doses. Conclusion Our results suggest that plasma orexin-A levels are reduced in patients with BD.
The Performance of Balance Diagnostics for Propensity-Score Matched Samples in Multilevel Settings

Title of Dissertation: THE PERFORMANCE OF BALANCE DIAGNOSTICS FOR PROPENSITY-SCORE MATCHED SAMPLES IN MULTILEVEL SETTINGS Alyson Burnett, Doctor of Philosophy, 2019 Dissertation directed by: Laura M. Stapleton, Professor Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, Measurement, Statistics and Evaluation Program The purpose of the study was to assess and demonstrate the use of diagnostics for samples matched with propensity scores in multilevel settings. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted that assessed the ability of different balance measures to identify the correctly specified propensity score model and predict bias in treatment effect estimates. The balance diagnostics included absolute standardized bias (ASB) and variance ratios calculated across the pooled sample as well as the same balance measures calculated separately for each cluster and then summarized across the sample (within-cluster balance measures). The results indicated that overall across conditions, the pooled ASB was most effective for predicting treatment effect bias but the within-cluster ASB (summarized as a median across clusters) was most effective for identifying the correctly specified model. However, many of the within-cluster balance measures were not feasible with small cluster sizes. Empirical illustrations from two distinct datasets demonstrated the different approaches to modeling, matching, and assessing balance in a multilevel setting depending on the cluster size. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of limitations, implications, and topics for further research.
Incidence of Needle Stick Injury among The Dental Students and Dental House Officers of Bhitai Medical and Dental College, Mirpur Khas

Objective: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and experience of NSI among dental students and house officers at Bhitai Dental and Medical College, Mirpur Khas Material and Method: This study was conducted among dental students and house officers. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Number of needlestick injury and post-exposure management in the time duration of past 12 months has been assessed by a questionnaire based survey. SPSS 19 has been used to analyze the data Results: Total 330 dental students and house officers have participated in this study in which 76.3% were dental students and 23.3% were house officers. 63% had experienced NSI. Of those who experienced NSI, during re-capping of the needles 31%, Local anaesthesia injection 21 %, and scaling 19% was the most common reason we observed. 78.6% did not report the exposure incident because of fear of stigmatization and discrimination. Conclusion: Dental students and house officers were at high risk. The reason of NSI among is due to lesser clinical skill and lack of experience. Although a level of knowledge regarding NSI and cross infection was high, there was decreased awareness on the means of prevention and protocol. Therefore, some preventive measures seem necessary to be taken into consideration
Value of High Sensitive CRP in Hyperglycemic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

by a highly sensitive C-reactive protein represents the classical acute-phase protein produced in the liver in response to inflammatory stimuli and plasma levels of high-sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP)provide a sensitive marker of increased inflammatory activity in the arterial wall. [3] Insulin resistance correlates closely with the risk of CVD, explaining some of the excess mortality in type 2 diabetes patients. There appears to be more-or-less linear relationship of cardiovascular risk to insulin resistence across the spectrum of normoglycemic patients with insulin resistence up to presenting with overt type 2 diabetes. [4] Different studies revealed that hyperglycemia on admission in patients with acute coronary syndromes is ABSTRACT Background: Hyperglycemia on admission in patients with acute coronary syndromes is common, and it is a powerful predicator of increased risk of in hospital complications in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, high sensitivity c- reactive protein (hs- CRP) is a cardiovascular risk marker in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Objectivs: 1. To determine the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in subjects of acute coronary syndrome with admission hyperglycemia whatever diabetic or not. 2. To determine the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in subjects of acute coronary syndrome without admission hyperglycemia. 3. To compare the results of the above two groups and assess the prognostic value of admission glucose and hs -CRP levels in hyperglycemic patients with acute coronary syndromes. Design and Setting: Prospective study, at Sohag university hospital in Egypt. Methods: We measured the blood glucose, hs -CRP, cardiac enzymes and HBAIClevels at admission in 100 consecutive patients with ACS. Glucose was categorized as ≤11.1mmol=<200 mg/ dl and ≥ 11.1 mmol=>200 mg/ dl. hs -CRP negative <1 and positive >3 mg, HBAIC ≤ 6.5% or ≥ 6.5). Results: In our study reveals a statistically significant relation between levels of admission glucose and left ventricular function (LVfailure, pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock) or arrhythmias in hyperglycemic patients with ACS (P< 0.0001). Also there is a significant relation between level of hs- CRP and LVF and type of myocardial infarction in-hospital complications. Also there is insignificant relation between HBAIC levels and left ventricular function in ACS at admission. Conclusion: We conclude that elevated admission glucose appears a more important in predicting in-hospital and short term complications particularly left ventricular failure and cardiogenic shock in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Also the increased levels of hs- CRP are a predictor for severity and extent of myocardial damage and left ventricular function especially in STEMI. The synergistic effect of associated both stress hyperglycaemia and hs- CRP is a strong predictor for poor ACS outcome.
Lessons Learned From a Randomized Controlled Trial of Short-Course Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy for Erysipelas and Cellulitis of the Lower Limb (Switch Trial)

Abstract Background The diagnosis of cellulitis is made clinically without a gold standard diagnostic test, and cellulitis has many disease mimics. There is currently no consensus for optimal antimicrobial treatment duration or method of antimicrobial delivery. Methods This was a randomized controlled open-label multicenter trial to determine the safety and efficacy of 24 hours of intravenous (IV) therapy compared with ≥72 hours of IV therapy, both followed by oral therapy to a maximum of 7–10 days’ duration for the treatment of lower limb cellulitis. Results Over 40 months, 80 patients were recruited. Thirty-nine patients were assigned to 24 hours of IV antibiotics and 41 to ≥72 hours of IV antibiotics. The mean duration (range) of IV antibiotics in the 24-hour group was 25.5 (17–40) hours, and in the ≥72-hour group it was 78 (41.5–210) hours. Three patients in the 24-hour arm and 4 patients in the ≥72-hour arm were excluded from the analysis due to withdrawal from the trial. Analysis of the remaining patients revealed that 6 patients (4 in the intervention arm and 2 in the control arm) did not achieve an adequate response to therapy. Only 1 patient experienced self-limiting adverse effects of treatment. Conclusions The noninferiority of short-course IV therapy cannot be determined from this trial. Challenges included resource limitations for recruitment, misdiagnosis, participant withdrawal, and subjective responses to therapy based on visual assessment by treating clinicians. Further studies are needed to determine if short-course IV therapy is a suitable treatment option. Australia Council of Clinical Trials Registry No ACTRN12613001366741.
Derivation and validation of Pd/Pa in the assessment of residual ischemia post‐intervention: A prospective all‐comer registry

Measurement of post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) fractional flow reserve (FFR) demonstrates residual ischemia in a large percentage of cases deemed angiographically successful which, in turn, has been associated with worse long‐term outcomes. It has recently been shown that a resting pressure index, Pd/Pa, has prognostic value post stenting, however, its diagnostic value relative to FFR post‐PCI has not been evaluated.
Pengaruh Murotal Al Qur’an dan Dzikir terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Kala I Persalinan

Nyeri persalinan dapat menimbulkan stress yang menyebabkan pelepasan berlebihan dari hormone katekolamin dan steroid. AKI di Propinsi Lampung 158 kasus pada tahun 2013.Salah satu penyebab tingginya AKI adalah trauma pada ibu dan janin akibat nyeri persalinan.Kombinasi Murotal Al Qur’an dan rileksasi dzikir merupakan salah satu teknik distraksi yang tepat untuk mengurangi nyeri persalinan.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi Murotal Al Qur’an Surat Ar Rahman dan dzikir Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Kala I Persalinan Normal. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan ” Pre experiment ”. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu bersalin fase aktif kala I, jumlah sampel yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 42 responden . Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebelum intensitas nyeri rerata sebesar 7,5 dan sesudah intensitas nyeri berkurang menjadi 5,9, ada pengaruh kombinasi Murotal Al Qur’an Surat Ar Rahman dan dzikir terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Kala I persalinan normal di PMB Lia Maria Sukerame Bandar Lampung Tahun 2018 dengan p value 0,000 (p< 0,05). Hasil penelitiain ini dapat dijadikan suatu bentuk terapi non farmakologis untuk membantu mengurangi nyeri persalinan.