Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE ON FABRICATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES OF TELLURIUM

Tellurium nanostructures have been prepared by physical vapor deposition method in a tube furnace. The experiments were carried out under argon gas flow at a pressure of 1 mbar. Tellurium powder was evaporated by heating at 350°C and 430°C and was condensed on substrates at 110–250°C, in the downstream of argon gas flow. The products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FESEM revealed that most of the products have one dimensional structure. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that the products are crystalline with hexagonal structures.
Effect of Spirulina addition on the physicochemical and structural properties of extruded snacks

Extruded snack food are growing worldwide due to the variety of shapes, textures and flavors, as well as the practicality of consumption. This class of food is highly accepted by children. However, most of the formulations have low concentrations of nutrients such as proteins, amino acids and vitamins (Anton et al., 2009; Basto et al., 2016). Furthermore, they are manufactured from transgenic cereals and have high levels of sodium.
The reversal of gender inequality in education, union formation and fertility in Europe

While men have always received more education than women in the past, this gender imbalance in education has recently turned around. For the first time in European history, there are now more highly educated women than men reaching the reproductive ages and looking for a partner. I expect that this will have profound consequences for the demography of reproduction because mating patterns have always implied that men are the majority in higher education. These traditional practices are no longer compatible with the new gender distribution in education. The objective of this paper is to formulate hypotheses about the consequences for reproductive behaviour in Europe. I expect the following causal chain between the reversal of the gender imbalance in education (RGIE) and fertility: RGIE creates a new, education-specific mating squeeze that affects the process and expected pattern of assortative mating, which in turns affects the timing, probability and stability of union formation, which eventually is expected to have implications for fertility. Each of the links in this chain are discussed in detail.
Division of Labor and Marital Quality in Russia

Division of Labor and Marital Quality in Russia Carol S. Kim School of Family Life Master of Science This study examined whether investigation of the linkages between division of labor and marital quality would produce the same results in Russia that have been found in the U.S. Russian couples (n = 172) participated in the study by answering three packets of questionnaires. The Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale was used to measure each partner’s rating of their levels of satisfaction with their marital relationship and their spouse. The results from the structural equation models indicated that the more the wives perceived themselves doing more and expressed dissatisfaction of their spouse’s contribution to child care tasks and apartment maintenance, the lower were their levels of marital satisfaction. Also, the more the wives perceived themselves doing more and expressed dissatisfaction with their spouse’s contribution to household chores and apartment maintenance, the lower were their husband’s levels of marital satisfaction. Overall, the wives’ perception of division of labor, instead of the husbands’, strongly effects marital satisfaction. These findings paralleled the U.S. results of division of labor and marital quality. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Catholic Social Justice Principles: An African Philosophical Response

Catholic Social Justice teaching is the body of doctrine developed by the Catholic Church on matters of poverty and wealth, economics, social organization and the role of the state. Its foundations are widely considered to have been laid by Pope Leo XIII’s 1891 encyclical letter Rerum Novarum, which advocated economic distributism and condemned both Capitalism and Socialism, although its roots can be traced to the writings of Catholic thinkers such as St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Augustine of Hippo, and is also derived from concepts present in the Bible. Among the social issues addressed by the teachings is the place and relevance of work in human life. According to the teachings, Work is more than a way to make a living; it is a form of continuing participation in God’s creation. If the dignity of work is to be protected, then the basic rights of workers must be respected-the right to productive work, to decent and fair wages, to the organization and joining of unions, to private property, and to economic initiative. How can these teachings be made relevant to the African context and Church? An attempt to answer this important question is embedded in the dialogue between this body of doctrine and the African world view. Such a dialogue must consider the nature African thought systems and world-views as found in African Philosophy and more specifically the philosophies of Ubuntu and Communalism. This paper therefore discusses the responses of African Philosophy in contextualize the Catholic Social Teachings in Africa.
The Effect of Literature Circles on Text Analysis and Reading Desire

In order to make teaching activities more appealing, different techniques and strategies have been constantly employed. In this study, the strategy of “literature circles” was utilized to improve the text-analysis skills, reading desires, and interests of prospective teachers of Turkish. “Literature circles” was not chosen to be used as the sole strategy throughout the entire weekly class hours; instead, it was used only for one class hour of every weekly four-hour classes, being complementary to and supportive of other teaching activities. The study was carried out as action research. A total of 92 third-year students in two sections of the department of Turkish Education voluntarily participated in the study. In order to improve the students’ book reviewing skills and reading interests, “literature circles” was implemented for a period of 12 weeks for one class hour. At the end of the implementation of “literature circles” when the students’ reading comprehension pre-test and post-test scores were compared, a significant difference was observed. Based on the results, it may be concluded that “literature circles” is effective in developing students’ abilities to find the theme, main idea, and keywords in a text. Besides, the students pointed out that the implementation of this strategy increased their interest and desire for communication, their self-confidence, cooperative learning, critical thinking, reading objectively without bias, and independent reading skills.
Human papillomaviruses’ proteins with clinical utility

ABSTRACT Cervical cancer, the fourth leading cause of cancer-associated deaths among women worldwide, is associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Despite the prophylactic HPV vaccination and the implementation of cervical and HPV-based screening programs, a significant increase in cervical cancer incidence is estimated by the year 2020. Thus, further development of diagnostic tools that allow detection and risk assesment in genital HPV infection is necessary. A special interest is focused on the HPV viral proteins whose expression might be of use either as primary screening tool or in conjunction with other markers (cellular proteins, HPV DNA, PAP test).
Many-body Schrödinger cat states via spontaneous symmetry breaking

José Lebreuilly,1 Camille Aron,2, 3 and Christophe Mora1 Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, École Normale Supérieure PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, KU Leuven, Belgium
Transonic canards and stellar wind

Parker’s classical stellar wind solution [] describing steady spherically symmetric outflow from the surface of a star is revisited. Viscous dissipation is retained. The resulting system of equations has slow-fast structure and is amenable to analysis using geometric singular perturbation theory. This technique leads to a reinterpretation of the sonic point as a folded saddle and the identification of shock solutions as canard trajectories in space []. The results shed light on the location of the shock and its sensitivity to the system parameters. The related spherically symmetric stellar accretion solution of Bondi [] is described by the same theory.
Short communication. Price determinants of Chilean wines in the US market: a hedonic approach

A hedonic function relating the retail price of Chilean wine in the US market to a number of relevant variables was estimated. The variables were: quality ratings, aging, grape variety, valley of origin and membership to an association. Estimates for the percentage impact and marginal prices of these variables are provided. The overall conclusion is that variety and location are more influential in the commercial success of wines than quality ratings and aging, suggesting that oenological practices cannot outweigh judgemental errors in these long-term choices. Additional key words: hedonic function, marginal price, percentage impact.
Spatio-temporal variation of heavy metals in Cauvery River basin

In the present study water, sediment and soil samples of Cauvery basin was undertaken to evaluate the spatiotemporal variations in heavy metal concentrations between 2007 and 2009. The Line diagrams for individual heavy metals of the seasonal samples with standard deviation at p=0.05 were plotted to comprehend the seasonal and spatial fluxes and variations. The seasonal heavy metal concentration in river water was maximum for Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co and Cd during pre-monsoon and Pb, Ni and Cr during post-monsoon season whereas, in the sediment samples higher concentration of Ni, Cr, Mn, Cu, Co and Cd was found during pre-monsoon and Fe Pb and Zn in post-monsoon. In the case of soil samples maximum concentrations of Fe, Pb, Zn, Cr and Co noticed during pre-monsoon, while Ni, Mn, Cu and Cd during post-monsoon. An exponential increasing trend from water to soil and to sediment was evident throughout the river stretch. The mean concentration for all the heavy metals in water was within the limits of BIS and WHO standards. In sediment samples heavy metal concentrations were below the limit of sediment quality guidelines except Ni and Cd. Correlation analysis revealed higher degree of inter-metallic and intra-metallic association among water, sediment and soil samples indicating identical behavior of metals during its transport into the river environment. The spatial trends of heavy metal enrichment in river sediments reflected the sources/activities of the corresponding catchments in the study area. As such the downstream stations of Cauvery are enriched with heavy metals due to the influx of pollutants.
Unpacking the influence of the council presidency on European Union external policies: the Polish council presidency and the eastern partnership

The special position of the rotating Council Presidency has raised a long-standing debate on the extent to which this function allows a Member State to exert additional influence on European Union decision-making, in particular in external policy. This article argues that a broader and more differentiated study of Presidency influence could further this debate. In doing so, the article analyses the Polish Council Presidency (during the second half of 2011) and its influence on the European Union’s Eastern Partnership policies across three dimensions: (i) differences between influence on the agenda and influence on the contents of decisions, (ii) the forums (different levels in the Council and international forums) where the Presidency can exert influence, and (iii) different types of external policies, an area that has received relatively little scholarly attention thus far in the literature on the Presidency. The analysis shows that (i) the Presidency can determine the agenda to a certain extent, but the position of the chair does not allow the incumbent to exert additional influence on the contents of decisions; (ii) most Presidency influence of external policies is observed in the preparatory bodies of the Council, while at the ministerial or international level this influence is much smaller; and (iii) although the Presidency can play a rather prominent role in organizing multilateral events, this rarely amounts to real political influence. In turn, the Presidency’s influence is most tangible in specific bilateral dossiers.
Exporting Firm Dynamics and Productivity Growth: Evidence from China

Abstract This paper assesses the productivity growth contributed by the dynamics of exporting firms using firm-level production data of Chinese firms from 2005 to 2009. The authors apply the dynamic Olley–Pakes decomposition with entry and exit proposed by Melitz and Polanec (Dynamic Olley–Pakes Productivity Decomposition with Entry and Exit, 2015), which allows them to decompose the change in aggregate productivity into contributions of surviving firms, entering firms and exiting firms. The study shows that in China, the combined contribution of the three components capturing reallocation amounts to almost half of the change in aggregate productivity. The between-firm market reallocation is found to contribute the most among the three components, followed by the exit of inefficient producers. It also shows that the aggregate productivity growth generated by the dynamics of exporting firms in foreign markets varies according to ownership, location and industry. More specifically, the data suggest that private firms, firms situated in the eastern region of China and firms from highconcentration industries provide a higher contribution to the growth of aggregate productivity.
Safety, courts and crime: occupational safety and health prosecutions in the magistrates’ courts

Abstract This paper reports on an empirically based study of occupational safety and health prosecutions in the Magistrates’ courts in the State of Victoria, Australia. It examines the way in which the courts construct occupational safety and health issues during prosecutions against alleged offenders, and then theorises the role of the criminal law in health and safety regulation. The paper argues that courts, inspectors, prosecutors and defence counsel are involved in filtering or reshaping occupational safety and health issues during the prosecution process, both pre-trial and in court. An analysis of the pattern of investigation of health and safety offences shows that they are constructed by focusing on ‘events’, in most cases incidents resulting in injury or death. This ‘event focus’ ensures that the attention of the parties is drawn to the details of the incident and away from the broader context of the event. This broader context includes the way in which work is organised at the workplace and the quality of occupational safety and health management (the micro context), and the pressures within capitalist production systems for occupational safety and health to be subordinated to production imperatives (the macro context). In particular during the court-based sentencing process, defence counsel is able to adopt a range of ‘isolation’ techniques that isolate the incident from its micro and macro contexts, thereby individualising and decontextualising the incident. The paper concludes that the legal system plays a key role in decontextualising and individualising health and safety issues, and that this process is part of the ‘architecture’ of the legal system, and a direct consequence of the ‘form of law’.
Reproductive traits of an estuarine crab, Neohelice (= Chasmagnathus) granulata (Brachyura: Grapsoidea: Varunidae), in two contrasting habitats

dW), the energy content (estimated from C; both per egg and per mg dW), and the C/n and C/H mass ratios. Egg size, wet weight (WW), and water content (in µg and % of WW), by contrast, increased significantly during the time of embryonic development. These parameters reached significantly higher final (near-to-hatching) values in mudflats than in saltmarshes (egg volume 0.0249 vs 0.0233 mm 3 ; WW 36.5 vs 28.8 µg; water content 30.7 vs 23.2 µg per egg or 84.2 vs 80.2% of WW, respectively). Fecundity and reproductive effort did not differ significantly between habitats. Habitat-specific differences in the water content and size of crab eggs are discussed in relation to small-scale local variation in environmental conditions.
Granulomatous Hepatitis Associated with Chronic Borrelia Burgdorferi Infection: a Case Report

Background: Morgellons disease (MD) is a complex skin disorder characterized by ulcerating lesions that have protruding or embedded filaments. Many clinicians refer to this condition as delusional parasitosis or delusional infestation and consider the filaments to be introduced textile fibers. In contrast, recent studies indicate that MD is a true somatic illness associated with tickborne infection, that the filaments are keratin and collagen in composition and that they result from proliferation and activation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in the skin. Previously, spirochetes have been detected in the dermatological specimens from four MD patients, thus providing evidence of an infectious process. Methods & Results: Based on culture, histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and molecular testing, we present corroborating evidence of spirochetal infection in a larger group of 25 MD patients. Irrespective of Lyme serological reactivity, all patients in our study group demonstrated histological evidence of epithelial spirochetal infection. Strength of evidence based on other testing varied among patients. Spirochetes identified as Borrelia strains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or in-situ DNA hybridization were detected in 24/25 of our study patients. Skin cultures containing Borrelia spirochetes were obtained from four patients, thus demonstrating that the organisms present in dermatological specimens were viable. Spirochetes identified by PCR as Borrelia burgdorferi were cultured from blood in seven patients and from vaginal secretions in three patients, demonstrating systemic infection. Based on these observations, a clinical classification system for MD is proposed. Conclusions: Our study using multiple detection methods confirms that MD is a true somatic illness associated with Borrelia spirochetes that cause Lyme disease. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment for this spirochete-associated dermopathy.
Monetary Policy Transmission Asymmetries in a Heterogeneous Monetary Union: a Simple Contractual Solution

In this paper, we show that imposing linear penalties on inflation and income divergences to a common central bank could be an interesting solution to stabilization problems in a heterogeneous monetary Union. We find an “optimal contract” for monetary policy which enforces the optimal solution for maximizing Union-wide welfare. This contract may provide a good institutional response to stabilization problems raised by monetary policy transmission asymmetries, as described in De Grauwe & Senegas (2004).
THE POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COAGULATION SYSTEM IN THE PREMATURE INFANT

A cohort study was performed to determine the postnatal development of the coagulation system in the “healthy” premature infant. Mothers were approached for consent and a total of 132 premature infants were entered into the study. The group consisted of 64 infants with gestational ages of 34-36 weeks (prem 1) and 68 infants whose gestational age was 33 weeks or less (prem 2). Demographic information and a 2 ml blood sample were obtained on days 1, 5, 30, 90, and 180. Plasma was fractionated and stored at −70°C for batch assaying of the following tests: screening tests, PT, APTT; factor assays (biologic (B)); fibrinogen, II, V, VII, VIII:C, IX, X, XI, XII, prekallikrein, high molecular weight kininogen, XIII (immunologic (I)); inhibitors (I), antithrombin III, aα2-antiplasmin, α2-macroglobulin, α-anti-trypsin, Cl esterase inhibitor, protein C, protein S, and the fibrinolytic system (B); plasminogen. We have previously reported an identical study for 118 full term infants. The large number of premature and full term infants studied at varying time points allowed us to determine the following: 1) coagulation tests vary with the gestational age and postnatal age of the infant; 2) each factor has a unique postnatal pattern of maturation; 3) near adult values are achieved by 6 months of age; 4) premature infants have a more rapid postnatal development of the coagulation system compared to the full term infant; and 5) the range of reference values for two age groups of premature infants has been established for each of the assays. These reference values will provide a basis for future investigation of specific hemorrhagic and thrombotic problems in the newborn infant.
Water at the cavitation limit: Density of the metastable liquid and size of the critical bubble

The ability of a liquid to sustain mechanical tension is a spectacular manifestation of the cohesion of matter. Water is a paradigmatic example, because of its high cohesion due to hydrogen bonds. The knowledge of its limit of rupture by cavitation can bring valuable information about its structure. Up to now, this limit has been obscured by the diversity of experimental results based on different physical measures of the degree of metastability of the liquid. We have built a fiber optic probe hydrophone to provide the missing data on the density of the liquid at the acoustic cavitation limit. Our measurements between 0 and 50°C allow a clear-cut comparison with another successful method where tension is produced in micron-sized inclusions of water in quartz. We also extend previous acoustic measurements of the limiting pressure to 190°C, and we consider a simple modification of classical nucleation theory to describe our data. Applying the nucleation theorem gives the first experimental value for the size of the critical bubble, which lies in the nanometer range. The results suggest the existence of either a stabilizing impurity in the inclusion experiments, or an ubiquitous impurity essential to the physics of water.
The Importance of Considering Emotions in the Development of Effective Safety Training Courses in the Food Industry

The Importance of Considering Emotions in the Development of Effective Safety Training Courses in the Food Industry Marco G.Mariani, Michela Vignoli, Viviana Dibello, Rita Chiesa, Dina Guglielmi a Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy b Department of Education Studies, University of Bologna, Via Filippo Re 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy marcogiovanni.mariani@unibo.it