Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating an effective supply chain for a refinery in a regulated petroleum sector

Currently, refined petroleum products are manufactured by six refineries in South Africa. The supply of refined petroleum products is supplemented by imports of refined petroleum products. These refined petroleum products are transported by pipeline, rail, road, sea and a combination thereof to depots across the country. These products are then distributed directly to commercial customers through points of resale in the form of retail service stations. The challenge is that the storage facilities and distribution networks in South Africa are currently utilised to its full capacity. There is a need to expand current storage infrastructure or to erect new storage facilities to facilitate imports. Durban Port that currently handles 70% of the country’s crude oil and 40% of refined products is also utilised to its full capacity. The investigated problem pertains to the limited storage and transport capacity available for the distribution of petroleum products in the country. The interview protocol, which was based on the literature reviewed, was used for compiling the primary data for the case study. Selected findings revealed that the respondents perceived that storage capacity is the most significant constraint militating against adequate supply by the supply chain. The findings also indicated that the respondents were of the opinion that transport rates and routes (cost of logistics) are the greatest contributor to the prices of products. As a result, there appears to be a major scope for improvement in terms of the usage of pipelines and rails for the movement of petroleum products. Keywords: Petroleum products, storage facilities, supply chain, transportation, South African energy sector. Disciplines: civil engineering, architecture, business studies, energy studies
AVALIAÇÃO SOCIODEMOGRÁFICA E ODONTOLÓGICA DE PACIENTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA ATENDIDOS NA CLÍNICA-ESCOLA DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

Pessoa com deficiencia, e definido como um individuo que possui determinada condicao que exige atendimento especializado temporariamente ou definitivamente, e que apresenta alteracoes fisicas, emocional, intelectual e social. Esses pacientes requerem cuidados especiais de medicos e cirurgiao-dentista, e os demais profissionais da area da saude devem ter capacidade de prestar um atendimento adequado e, sobretudo humano. O estudo teve como objetivo tracar e estudar o perfil dos pacientes com deficiencia atendidos em uma clinica odontologica para pacientes com deficiencia por meio de prontuarios. Trata-se de um estudo transversal observacional, a amostra do estudo foi constituida das informacoes contidas nos prontuarios dos pacientes com Deficiencia mental, Deficiencia fisica e Anomalias congenitas (deformacoes, sindromes), Disturbios comportamentais (autismo), Transtornos psiquiatricos, Disturbios sensoriais e de comunicacao. A coleta se deu em 48 prontuario e foi realizada de abril de 2017 ate julho de 2017. Pacientes do sexo masculino foram a maioria com 64,59%, cerca de 45,84% dos pacientes que participaram do estudo sao brancos, em relacao a procedencia Maceio contou com o maior percentual com 89,60%, a faixa etaria variou de 02 a 50 anos de idade, em relacao ao diagnostico medico observou-se que a maioria dos pacientes apresentavam mais de uma deficiencia, sendo a sindrome de down com 29,51%, paralisia cerebral 19,67%, autismo 8,19%, deficiencia mental 6,65%, epilepsia 4,98%, as demais deficiencias cerca de 31,16. Os procedimentos odontologicos realizados foram: restauracoes 54,14%, profilaxias 15,92%, raspagens 12,74%, exodontias 11,47%, aplicacao topica de fluor 5,09% e 0,69% biopsia. Com relacao a medicacao utilizada, 30 pacientes fazem o uso, e 18 pacientes nao fazem o uso. Quanto aos metodos sedativos durante os atendimentos odontologicos, apenas 3 pacientes necessitaram. Em lesoes orais, 2 pacientes apresentaram, sendo elas: hiperplasia fibrosa oral, mucosa mordiscada e estomatite migratoria. Em relacao as alteracoes extra orais, todos os pacientes apresentaram alteracao de comportamento durante os procedimentos odontologicos realizados. E de extrema importância que haja uma preocupacao na saude bucal dos pacientes com deficiencia, e visto que a porcentagem de atendimento realizado a esses pacientes e muito baixo comparada ao numero de deficientes que existem. Sao diversos problemas bucais que acometem esses pacientes, com idades relativas e na sua maioria do sexo masculino.
The study of the effect of salinity stress on the germination and the initial growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

Salinity is one of the most important problems in subtropical and tropical regions in the world, and it is a main factor limiting growth of plants. Regarding the existence of salinity in Khuzestan, a project was done to study the effects of various salts with different salinity levels on the germination and the growth of cowpea seedling in order to discover possible ways to increase its germination in salty soil. This test was done in a Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications in the Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2010. The scholars considered the effects of NaCo3, NaHCo3, CaCl2, NaCl (with 2,4,6 & 8 ds/m) and the distilled water as a control sample on percent (Gp) and the rate (Gr) of seed germination and also the length (Rl, Pl), cowpea seedlings, fresh and dry weight (Fwr, Fwp, Dwr, Dwp). The result showed that all of the growth indices usually decrease when the amount of salt increase (p < 0.05), but cowpea seed can bear on this salt with density to 8 ds/m (except NaHCo3). With regard to results, we can conclude that cowpea cultivar is sensitive to salinity, so we suggested that making soil test to determine salinity before cultivating cowpeas in the farms of these areas.
Intra-Urban Levels, Spatial Variability, Possible Sources and Health Risks of PM2.5 Bound Phthalate Esters in Xi’an

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are abundant semi-volatile organic compounds in fine particulate. PM2.5 bound PAEs can inhale into the body with breath, which can cause negative effects to human health. In this study, total of 266 PM2.5 samples dispersed from nineteen communities in Xi’an, were collected at December, 2013, the heavy pollution periods. Most of them are from residential areas, and four of them are in universities. Much high levels of PAEs were obtained in this study, which were from 271.7 to 2134 ng m–3 (952.6 ng m–3 on average). DEHP was the dominant species, with an average of 402.4 ng m–3, and attributed for 42.2% of the total PAEs, followed by BBZP (146.8 ng m–3 on average) and accounted for 15.4% of the total PAEs. Relative humidity and ventilation coefficient are the two meteorological factors affect the PAEs pollutions during the sampling periods. PAEs showed a declined trend from the urban to suburban. The principal component analysis (PCA) investigated that the release from plasticizer using in vinyl flooring, inks, synthetic leather, adhesives, and food contact wrapping; and emissions from cosmetics and personal care products, varnish, and volatilization from solid waste landfill or sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant are the main sources for PAEs (86.8% of total PAEs). The daily inhalation and cancer risk assessment displayed that possible risk for all age group persons in this area, and infants are the most susceptible population.
Fernique-type Inequalities and Exact Moduli of Continuity for Anisotropic Gaussian Random Fields

This paper is concerned with limiting properties of anisotropic Gaussian random fields. We establish Fernique-type inequalities and utilize them to study the exact uniform and local moduli of continuity for a wide class of anisotropic Gaussian random fields. The main theorems are applied to fractional Brownian sheets to improve the existing results in the literature.
The Influence of Patient-Practitioner Orientation on Practitioners’ Self-Perception of Adhering to a Motivational Interviewing Style of Communication in Medical Settings

As of 2012, approximately 117 million adults have experienced at least one chronic illness (CDC; 2014). Healthy lifestyle choices can reduce the probability of developing particular chronic conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, and specific forms of cancer (CDC; 2014). Individuals with chronic conditions may continue engaging in unhealthy lifestyle choices, despite having knowledge of the adverse ramifications. This includes nicotine use, dieting, and a sedentary lifestyle with limited physical activity. There are various manners in which primary care practitioners can address lifestyle choices with their patients. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a patientcentered approach, which is used to facilitate readiness to make behavioral changes. Although research has demonstrated the efficacy of MI in medical settings, it is not a commonly utilized approach by medical practitioners. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether or not practitioner orientation (disease-centered or patientcentered) influences a practitioners’ self-perceived adherence to an MI style of communication. Participants for the study included physicians and non-physicians (nurse practitioners and physician assistants) who were practicing in a primary care setting. The findings indicate a relationship between practitioner orientation and perceived adherence to an MI style of communication. Practitioners generally endorsed a perceived MI style of communication, suggesting that practitioners in medical settings believe they are utilizing MI when addressing lifestyle choices. Additional research is warranted to determine whether or not a perceived MI style of communication translates to actual clinical practice in primary care settings.
Evaluating basis for a targeted environmental policy: Do the opportunity costs of enhancing biodiversity differ between organic and conventional farms?

For policy making, it is important to identify the types of farms that are most efficient in enhancement of environmental quality, e.g., conservation of biodiversity. Attractiveness of conservation of biodiversity depends crucially on the opportunity costs of conservation. We use a crop diversity index as an indicator of environmental output to compare effciency of conventional and organic crop farms. Non-parametric technical efficiency scores are estimated applying data envelopment analysis on a sample of Finnish crop farms for 1994-2001. We also estimate opportunity costs, or shadow values, of producing crop diversity. According to our results, there is variation in shadow values of crop diversity between the farms and technology adopted. This information provides basis for design of tailored, cost effective policy instruments such as auctions for conservation payments.
On n-Fold Positive Implicative Artinian and Noetherian BCI-Algebras

We give a characterization of n-fold Positive Implicative Artinian and Positive Implicative Noetherian BCI-Algebras and study the normalization of n-fold fuzzy positive implicative BCI-ideals. Using the n-fold Positive Implicative and n-fold commutative ideals, we obtain two radical properties: PIand C-radicals.
Possible Sources Driving the Potential Vorticity Structure and Long-Wave Instability of Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling Currents

It is well known that upwelling and downwelling currents are unstable to perturbations. Less is, however, known about the physical mechanism responsible for the observed and modeled instabilities. It is shown that the origin of the long-wave barotropic/baroclinic instability observed on upwelling currents has to be sought among diabatic or thermobaric mechanisms. In particular, the role of mixing associated with Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and of wind forcing is investigated. Low Richardson numbers occur when the pycnocline outcrops at the sea surface. The criterion for instability (Ri 1/4) can be reached in a narrow region close to the upwelling front, permitting Kelvin- Helmholtz instability and mixing. This can precondition the current for long-wave instability by transforming the current's potential vorticity. A constant wind can likewise modify the potential vorticity. The resulting potential vorticity anomaly is always negative for both upwelling and downwelling currents, and this anomaly interacts with the outcropped front, destabilizing it. Examples are provided via numerical calculations using an idealized front. A wind stress is an effective means of inducing the negative PV necessary for instability; with wind, Kelvin-Helmholz instability, when present, merely modifies the instability characteristics. In addition, upwelling fronts are always less stable than comparable downwelling fronts.
The Soft-Tissue Attachment Scars in Late Jurassic Ammonites from Central Russia

Soft-tissue attachment scars of two genera and four species of Late Jurassic craspeditid ammonites from the Russian Platform are described. A previously suggested relationship between lateral attachment scars and ammonoid hyponome is confirmed, however, a new interpretation is proposed for dorsal attachment scars: they could have been areas not only for attachment of the dorsal (nuchal) retractors, but also of the cephalic retractors. The new type of the soft-tissue attachment—anterior lateral sinuses, located between the lateral attachment scars and the aperture of the ammonite body chamber is described. Enclosed elliptical or subtriangular areas in apertural parts of the anterior lateral sinuses were found for the first time. Their presence and location suggest that this structure could have been used for attaching the funnel-locking apparatus, similar to those of coleoids. A transformation of shape and position of lateral attachment scars through the evolution of the Late Jurassic craspeditid lineage starting from platycones (Kachpurites fulgens) to keeled oxycones (Garniericeras catenulatum) is recognized.
The development of computer-based career guidance application program for senior high school students

The purpose of this research is to find a solution to the problem of senior high school students, by developing an application program of computer-based career guidance as a tool to increase the intensity of senior high school students’ self-knowledge, careerknowledge, and independence in career choice, which meets three criteria: utility, feasibility, and accuracy. The method of this research is categorized as research of development using a development model that is adapted from Dick and Carey model of which includes three stages: pre-development stage, stage of development, and postdevelopment stage. The results showed that the application program of computer-based career guidance meets the criteria of utility, feasibility, and accuracy with an average score of very good category. Application program development of computer-based career guidance is a positive response to the needs of students and the development of science and technology.
Photodesorption of H2O, HDO, and D2O ice and its impact on fractionation

The HDO/H2O ratio in interstellar gas is often used to draw conclusions on the origin of water in star-forming regions and on Earth. In cold cores and in the outer regions of protoplanetary disks, gas-phase water comes from photodesorption of water ice. We present fitting formulae for implementation in astrochemical models using photodesorption efficiencies for all water ice isotopologues obtained using classical molecular dynamics simulations. We investigate if the gas-phase HDO/H2O ratio reflects that present in the ice or whether fractionation can occur during photodesorption. Probabilities for the top four monolayers are presented for photodesorption of X (X=H,D) atoms, OX radicals, and X2O and HDO molecules following photodissociation of H2O, D2O, and HDO in H2O amorphous ice at temperatures from 10-100 K. Isotope effects are found for all products: (1) H atom photodesorption probabilities from H2O ice are larger than those for D atom photodesorption from D2O ice by a factor of 1.1; the ratio of H and D photodesorbed upon HDO photodissociation is a factor of 2. This process will enrich the ice in deuterium atoms over time; (2) the OD/OH photodesorption ratio upon D2O and H2O photodissociation is on average a factor of 2, but the ratio upon HDO photodissociation is almost constant at unity for all temperatures; (3) D atoms are more effective in kicking out neighbouring water molecules than H atoms. However, the ratio of the photodesorbed HDO and H2O molecules is equal to the HDO/H2O ratio in the ice, therefore, there is no isotope fractionation upon HDO and H2O photodesorption. Nevertheless, the enrichment of the ice in D atoms due to photodesorption can over time lead to an enhanced HDO/H2O ratio in the ice, and, when photodesorbed, also in the gas. The extent to which the ortho/para ratio of H2O can be modified by the photodesorption process is also discussed. (Abridged)
Potential Of Poultry By-Product Meal As A Substitute For Fishmeal In Diets For Black Sea Turbot Scophthlmus Maeoticus: Growth And Nutrient Utilization In Winter

The use of poultry by-product meal as an alternate dietary protein for Black Sea turbot Scophthalmus maeoticus (initial avg wt 18 g) in winter was evaluated. Triplicate groups of 15 fish were fed one of five isoenergetic (gross energy 20.5±0.21 kJ/g) and isonitrogenous (protein content 55±0.35%) diets with 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the fishmeal protein replaced by poultry by-product protein. White fishmeal was the sole protein source in the control diet. There was no significant (p<0.05) reduction in growth performance of the turbot fed the 25% replacement diet compared to the control diet (100% fishmeal). At the replacement levels of 50%, 75%, and 100%, however, there was a severe decrease in feed intake, growth performance, feed utilization, protein efficiency ratio, and apparent net protein utilization. Results indicate that up to 25% of the fishmeal protein can be replaced by poultry by-product meal with no negative effects in fish performance at temperatures ranging 6-8°C.
Metacognition and negative emotions in clinical practice. A preliminary study with patients with bowel disorder

In the past few years psychological characteristics in patients with organic bowel disorder have been poorly considered. However recent studies underline that psychological features increase gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of this study is to investigate metacognition and emotions in patients with organic bowel disorder and functional bowel disorder. 33 outpatients with organic diagnosis and 28 outpatients with functional diagnosis were assessed with MCQ-30, ANPS and Brief-Cope; moreover stress was evaluated in all outpatients. Results revealed that two groups show the same psychological disturbances and there are no differences between organic patients and functional patients. Statistical analysis indicated significant relations between dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs and negative emotions. Specifically, Beliefs of Uncontrollability and Danger (UD) are significantly related to Fear, Anger and Sadness. Moreover Fear and Anger are significantly related to stress; dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs are related to coping strategies. Beliefs of UD are related to Using Emotional Support; Positive Beliefs (PB) are related to Planning, while Cognitive Confidence (CC) is related to Self-Blame. Unexpectedly results are higher in patients with organic diagnosis. Our results suggest to reconsider psychological influences in patients with organic diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease.
A Literature Review on Value Creation and Value Capturing in Strategic Management Studies

The purpose of the paper is to carry out a literature review of studies on value creation and value capture in order to find possible gaps that represent still unexplored fields in strategic management. A systematic approach allows a better understanding through an overview of current debate and the identification of research gaps concerning human resources’ value creation and value capturing. Literature review is central since it plays two basic roles: exploratory and confirmatory. In the exploratory role, literature is used to show the current debate on value creation and capturing and to underline the main research streams, while the confirmatory approach allows scholars and practitioners to identify the research gaps and to verify if the current research has achieved satisfactory and/or contradictory results.
Studies on bond and atomic valences. I. correlation between bond valence and bond angles in SbIII chalcogen compounds: the influence of lone‐electron pairs

In the present bond-valence concept the bond-valence parameter ro is treated as constant for a given pair of atoms, and it is assumed that the bond valence sij is a function of the corresponding bond length Dij, and that the atomic valence is an integer equal to the formal oxidation number forVi derived from stoichiometry. However, from a statistical analysis of 76 [SbIIISn] and 14 [SbIIISen] polyhedra in experimentally determined structures, it is shown that for SbIII—X bonds (X = S, Se), ro is correlated with {\bar \alpha}i, the average of the X—Sb—X angles between the three shortest Sb—X bonds. This is interpreted as a consequence of a progressive retraction of the 5s lone-electron pair from the SbIII nucleus, which can be considered as continuous change of the actual atomic valence actVi of Sb from +3 towards +5. A procedure is derived to calculate an effective atomic valence effVi of SbIII from the geometry, {\bar \alpha}i and Dij, of the [SbIIIXn] polyhedra, which approximates actVi and is a better description of the actual valence state of SbIII than the formal valence forVi. Calculated effVSbIII are found to vary between +2.88 and +3.80 v.u. for [SbIIISn] and between +2.98 and +3.88 v.u. for [SbIIISen] polyhedra. It is suggested that a corresponding modification of the present bond-valence concept is also required for other cations with lone-electron pairs.
On clitics and negation in Albanian

Much attention has been paid in recent years to the nature and the position of negative elements (Pollock 1989; Belletti 1990; Laka 1990; Ouhalla 1990; Benmamoun 1991; Haegeman1995; Zanuttini 1990, 1991, 1995, 1997). Since Pollock (1989), the negation is considered as a functional head in terms of X-bar theory. According to this proposal, the negation is the head of a maximal phrase, as is exemplified in (1):
Analysis of the Economic Benefits of Tourism in Contra-Distinction to Agriculture in Rural Boteti, Botswana

Despite numerous efforts to improve agricultural production as an alternative source of employment, the high poverty headcount is still a source for concern in rural Boteti. On average, agriculture contributes to less than 20% to household economies in rural Boteti. To date, no research has been done to assess and determine the factors that affect livelihood diversification among households in Boteti. This study, among other methods, adopts the Household Economy Analysis, Household Income Estimation and the Tobit regression model in order to determine how the economic benefits of tourism industry compare with those of the agricultural sector in Khumaga and Moreomaoto in Boteti sub-district, Botswana. This study argues that notwithstanding the livelihood diversification efforts displayed in the study area, agriculture continues to be a significant contributor of total household income. The improved performance of agriculture is crucial in the attainment of food security. This paper is aimed at making an assessment of the contribution of tourism in the selected areas Boteti sub-district in comparison to agriculture. There is a strategic need to educate the local communities in the study area on the importance of tourism and how they could use it effectively as a livelihood activity.