Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Description Logic Reasoning for the Service Matchmaking and Composition

The Semantic Web is a recent initiative to expose semantically rich information associated with Web resources to build more intelligent Web-based systems. Recently, several projects have embraced this vision and there are several successful applications that combine the strengths of the Web and of semantic technologies. However, Semantic Web still lacks a technology, which would provide the needed scalability and integration with existing infrastructure. In this paper we present our ongoing work on a Semantic Web repository, which is capable of addressing complex schemas and answer queries over ontologies with large number of instances. We present the details of our approach and describe the underlying architecture of the system. We conclude with a performance evaluation, which compares the current state-of-the-art reasoners with our system.
Stock Market Reaction and Liquidity Changes Around Bonus Issue Announcement: Evidence from India

This study examines share price reaction to the announcement of Bonus Issue for a sample of Indian Companies. Standard event study methodology has been used for the purpose of studying the Bonus issue announcement reaction. Bonus issue announcement yields negative abnormal returns around the announcement date. There is a negative reaction after the bonus issue announcement conveying that the market underreacts after the announcement. It is also observed that there is no information leakage prior to the announcement. Reduction in the liquidity ratio after the announcement is evidenced, though insignificant. All the three liquidity measures seem to be inconsistent with the enhanced trading liquidity expectation. Cross sectional regression shows that the number of shares issued, convey a positive signal to the investors. Further it has been evidenced that the size of the firm issuing bonus shares does not affect the abnormal returns of the company. The study supports Signaling Hypothesis and Cash Substitution Hypothesis.
Stray loss analysis for magnetic shielding with lamination

In order to model silicon steel lamination which is widely used in larger power transformer core and magnetic shielding configurations, an virtual solid material model is adopted. the equivalent and anisotropied permeablility and the layered and anisotropied conductivity is put forward to evaluate 3-D eddy current field. The linear interpolating method is adopted based on Wh-Bm curve to compute the hysteresis loss. The good agreement for the calculated and measured results verify analysis methods.
Role of nonspecific cross-reacting antigen, a CD66 cluster antigen, in activation of human granulocytes

Nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) is the name of a family of highly glycosylated bacterial-binding receptors found on human granulocytes and other tissues. These glycoproteins are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are related structurally to carcinoembryonic antigen. In this study, we demonstrate that ligation of granulocyte NCA results in the activation of the cells, as measured by degranulation and the flux of intracellular calcium. These studies further the proposition that NCA has a function in the immune response of granulocytes against bacterial infections.
The c-cbl proto-oncogene is preferentially expressed in thymus and testis tissue and encodes a nuclear protein

Cas NS-1 is an acutely transforming murine retrovirus that induces early B-lineage lymphomas and occasional myeloid leukemias. The transforming sequence of this virus, v-cbl, shows no homology to known oncogenes but has some similarities to the yeast transcriptional factor GCN4. In this study we used a v-cbl probe to analyze mRNAs from a wide range of murine and human hemopoietic tumor cell lines and detected an 11-kilobase mRNA in all lineages. In normal mouse tissues the expression of c-cbl was highest in testis and thymus tissues, the predominant species in testis tissue being a 3.5-kilobase mRNA. The v-cbl oncogene was inserted into a bacterial expression vector to produce protein for the immunization of rabbits. Affinity-purified v-cbl antibodies identified abundant levels of p100gag-cbl in Cas NS-1-transformed fibroblasts and lower levels of a 135-kilodalton protein (p135c-cbl) in both normal and transformed cells. Subcellular fractionation showed that p100gag-cbl and p135c-cbl are both located in the nucleus and retained following 420 mM salt extraction. These results indicate that the translational product of a c-cbl is a 135-kilodalton nuclear protein.
Temperature Stability and Flux Losses Over Time in Sintered Nd–Fe–B Permanent Magnets

Demagnetization occurring with time in a constant temperature is often assumed to be negligible, provided that the operating point of the magnet is above the knee of the B-H curve. However, because it is important to ensure that no permanent flux losses occur in permanent magnets during their use in industrial applications, there is a clear need to quantify these time-dependent losses. We measured losses over time for four commercial sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet grades at five different temperatures (23degC-150degC). We tested samples with three different permeance coefficient (Pc) values for each material. The time-dependent losses measured fitted the logarithmic law of magnetic viscosity well. We demonstrated that the total flux loss in a lifetime of 30 years can be estimated according to the temperature, coercivity of the material, and the permeance coefficient of the magnet. With proper selection of the magnet material, in accordance with the designed Pc of the application, the total flux loss in 30 years can be minimized almost to zero even at 150degC.
MODELLING LEXICAL PSYCHOLOGY OF AN INDIVIDUAL

In today’s era social media is our window into creating contextual systems of advanced technology. These systems span a breadth of industries and domains. Whether it is contextual phone assistants like Siri and Crotana or search based advertisements, all of them rely deeply on user data to teach themselves human-like responsiveness. A major chunk of the data available at our disposal is lexical data (primarily from social media platforms). Thus, psychology infered via lexical markers online is an indispensable part of the future of our technology. Lexical psychology and personality are paradigms that have been given immense attention for over a decade. Most state of the art techniques use pre-existing features from social media functions (for instance Number of followers, Likes on Facebook etc. to predict various personality models (such as Big Five, MBTI etc.) that have been around for over 70 years. Parts of our work attempt to tackle this approach of using pre-existing features (available for direct reference from social media). In doing so, we traced the conception of the Big Five model of personality to be concieved by means of extensive lexical analysis (both empirical and theoretical). Based on this knowledge, we illustrate the importance of additional features (informed by the fundamentals of psychology) in training robust personality prediction models. Training one such model ourselves, the results we achieved were a clear indicator of the effectiveness of lexical features versus stand-alone technological features to predict user personality. We then move on to tackle the drawbacks of the continued usage of the Big Five model to understand user personality since the last 70 years. At the time this model was proposed by Goldberg et al. the only mode for obtaining relevant user data was by means of psychometric tests. While the databases available to us have advanced significantly, the models used to capture lexical personality from these data reserves remain constant. They make available to us an overall persona of an individual. Contrary to these, abundant literature in the domain of psychology suggests that the persona of an individual is ever evolving. It is dynamic and changes temporally with the individual’s cognition, action and experiences. As opposed to this our technology today is still dependent on such overall personality models (static personality traits from Big Five and other’s of it’s likes). We have by means of this study attempted to discover, formulate and compute a dynamic model of representing the persona of an individual to overcome these limitations. In each of the domains described above an iterative model will elevate the contextual information by a manifold as opposed to the approximate static summarization of an individual’s persona.
Statistical evaluation of epiluminescence microscopy criteria in the differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma and pigmented basal cell carcinoma

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma (PBCC) is a tumour with distinct clinical features which occasionally may be difficult to differentiate from malignant melanoma (MM). The purpose of this study was to re-examine the epiluminescence microscopy (ELM) criteria for PBCC and to determine their statistical significance in the differential diagnosis of MM. Fifty histologically verified pigmented skin lesions (25 PBCCs and 25 MMs) were investigated using ELM for the presence of ELM criteria; their significance was determined by calculating the odds ratios. We found that individual ELM criteria have different weights of significance in the differential diagnosis of PBCC (leaf-like distribution of diffuse pigmentation, gradual thinning at the periphery and telangiectasia) and MM (pigment network, black and grey pigmentation, radial streaming, pseudopods, brown globules and black dots). Selected patterns of ELM criteria adjusted to the distinct types of pigmented skin lesions are characteristic features for preoperative diagnosis. The prevalence of distinct ELM criteria in PBCC and MM is of critical value in differentiating between the two types of lesions.
Synchronized excitation and inhibition driven by intrinsically bursting neurons in neocortex.

1. The cellular mechanisms of synchronous synaptic activity were studied in isolated slices of rat SmI neocortex in which gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition was slightly suppressed. Intracellular measurements were made from single neurons, and extracellular recordings monitored the timing and intensity of population events. 2. Neurons in cortical layers II-VI were classified by the attributes of their single action potentials and repetitive firing patterns during injection of intracellular current pulses. Regular-spiking (RS) cells occurred in all layers and had relatively long-duration spikes and strong frequency adaptation. Intrinsically bursting (IB) cells occurred only in layers IV and V and generated bursts of greater than or equal to 3 spikes; some IB cells of lower-layer V produced repetitive bursts during long depolarizing pulses. Fast-spiking (FS) cells had brief spikes and little or no adaptation and fired at high frequencies. 3. When GABAA-mediated inhibition was slightly reduced with low doses of bicuculline methiodide (BMI, 0.8-1.0 microM), synchronous events were evoked by stimulating layer VI with single shocks. Synchronous events were characterized by prominent, often all-or-none extracellular field potentials that propagated horizontally for variable distances up to several millimeters. Large field potentials were invariably correlated with excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs and IPSPs) in single neurons. Both PSPs and field potentials often had long (up to 250 ms) and variable latencies, and sometimes two or more events were generated by single stimuli. In all cases the PSPs and field potentials were synchronous. Both field potentials and single cells sometimes generated short epochs (3-7 peaks) of rhythmic events at 20-50 Hz. 4. The physiological class of single neurons was correlated with the relative dominance of excitation and inhibition during each synchronous event. In phase with each synchronous event, most RS cells were very strongly inhibited with only small amounts of concurrent excitation. By contrast, IB cells were strongly and consistently excited, with relatively little inhibition. FS cells were also phasically excited. 5. Anatomic studies have identified RS and IB cells as pyramidal cells and FS cells as GABAergic nonpyramidal cells. This implies that, during the synchronous events of the present study, the majority of pyramidal cells were dominated by IPSPs. Synchronous excitation of FS cells, the presumed inhibitory interneurons, is consistent with this. Only a subset of the pyramidal neurons, almost all of them IB cells of the middle layers, displayed strong, synchronous excitation and clusters of action potentials. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Role of Financial Sector FDI in Regional Imbalances in Visegrad 4 Countries and in Slovenia

The paper deals with the implication of the financial crisis on the FDIs.The author draws readers’ attention to the role of FDI in the CEE banking sector in the post-transition period and discusses the impact of the crisis, which has become the most serious challenge of transition models in the banking sectors. The author argues that foreign direct investments (FDI) have been substantial in the financial services sector of the Visegrad countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia) and Slovenia, resulting in a dominant share of foreign capital and a large share of the sector in the stock of FDI already in the pre-crisis era. The paper shows that the CEE banking sector represents a ‘dual-banking system’ model that can be characterised by weak local banking structures and dependence on foreign institutions and their resources.The paper identifies to what extent the banking system integration of the CEE contributed to the regional imbalances within the European Union and the Eurozone. This paper investigates whether these imbalances are linked to the sectoral composition of FDI. The author finds that this model can potentially transmit cross-border exogenous shocks to the region.
Usage of T‐cell receptor Vβ chain genes in fresh and cultured tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes from human melanoma

Tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) freshly obtained from human malignant melanomas as well as the same TIL grown in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL2) were studied for gene expression of the T‐cell receptor (TCR) variable β regions (Vβ). To perform the TCR‐Vβ analysis, total RNA was isolated from TIL and reverse‐transcribed into cDNA, which was then amplified by PCR using 22 different 5′ primers specifically recognizing the sequences of 20 Vβ gene families and a 3′ primer annealing to the constant region of the β chain. The TCR‐α constant region (Cα) gene was co‐amplified as a standard for the calculation of the percentage of each TCR‐Vβ gene expressed. The frequency of individual Vβ regions expressed on TIL was computed from the ratio of cpm Vβ to cpm Ca for each Vβ region in relation to the total of all 22 ratios. With fresh TIL obtained from 8 different melanomas, oligoclonal distribution of Vβ genes expressed on TIL was observed, in comparison with a broader and unrestricted distribution seen with peripheral‐blood T cells of 8 normal individuals. The oligoclonal patterns of Vβ‐gene expression in fresh melanoma TIL were distinct in every tumor. Several of the Vβ‐genes usually expressed in normal PBL were not expressed in fresh TIL. In melanoma TIL cultured in the presence of IL2 and IL4 and in the absence of autologous tumor (AuTu) or antigen‐presenting cells for 23 to 65 days, selection of T‐cell lines expressing a restricted number of Vβ genes occurred. Although in 4/5 TIL cultures this selection involved the Vβ7 gene, no relationship could be established between Vβ gene expression in fresh TIL and that in T‐cell lines outgrowing in long‐term cultures. Selection in culture of CD3+ CD8+ T‐cell lines with Vβ‐gene expression restricted to I or 2 Vβ families did not correlate with the presence or level of AuTu cytotoxicity mediated by these T cells. The results indicate that in TIL cultures random selection of T‐cell lines with reactivity not relevant to AuTu may account for poor expression or loss of AuTu cytotoxicity by most TIL cultured long‐term in the presence of cytokines and in the absence of specific antigenic stimulation.
Expression of epstein‐barr virus‐encoded proteins and B‐cell markers in fatal infectious mononucleosis

We assessed 33 lymphoid tissues from 15 patients, including 7 with X‐linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) and 8 pa tients with sporadic fatal infectious mononucleosis (IM), to determine whether the cellular infiltrate had the immu nophenotype and expressed Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded proteins characteristic of either EBV‐immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) or EBV‐carrying Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells. The results of these studies revealed that in 13 cases the proliferating B cells were polyclonal, LCL‐like, and in 2 cases they were monoclonal, malignant lymphomalike.
CEO Deal-Making Activity, CEO Compensation and Firm Value

CEOs often engage in deal-making activities. We explore whether the motivation for these activities is related more to compensation increases or to signals of CEO quality. To investigate this question, we analyze firms executing joint ventures, strategic alliances, seasoned equity offerings, and spinoffs. We find that total CEO compensation increases when any of these transactions are completed even when the deals are not expected to improve firm value. A further way to distinguish between our hypotheses is to determine the role of board monitoring. We find that pay increases received by CEOs executing deals that do not increase firm value are dispensed when monitoring appears to be weak, as proxied by busy and/or hand-picked boards. Our results also indicate that deal-making CEOs are less likely to be fired for poor performance. Overall the results support the CEO activity hypothesis over the CEO quality signaling hypothesis. JEL classification: G30, G34, K22
Synergistic immunosuppressive effects of rosmarinic acid and rapamycin in vitro and in vivo1

Background. We previously demonstrated that rosmarinic acid (RosA) inhibits T-cell antigen receptor–induced T-cell activation and proliferation. In this study, we evaluated the ability of RosA alone and in conjunction with currently used immunosuppressive drugs to inhibit in vitro splenic T-cell proliferation and prolong skin graft survival in vivo. Methods. Mouse splenic T-cell proliferation assays were performed in the presence of RosA alone or in combination with cyclosporine, rapamycin (Rapa), or prednisone (Pred). The in vivo synergistic efficacy of RosA and Rapa was evaluated in the mouse skin allograft model. Results. RosA combined with Rapa or prednisone synergistically inhibited splenic T-cell proliferation, whereas the combination of RosA and cyclosporine additively inhibited T-cell proliferation. The combination of RosA and Rapa synergistically prolonged allograft survival. Conclusions. We conclude that the combination of RosA and Rapa promotes immunosuppressive effects.
Rodent reservoirs of future zoonotic diseases

Significance Forecasting reservoirs of zoonotic disease is a pressing public health priority. We apply machine learning to datasets describing the biological, ecological, and life history traits of rodents, which collectively carry a disproportionate number of zoonotic pathogens. We identify particular rodent species predicted to be novel zoonotic reservoirs and geographic regions from which new emerging pathogens are most likely to arise. We also describe trait profiles—complexes of biological features—that distinguish reservoirs from nonreservoirs. Generally, the most permissive rodent reservoirs display a fast-paced life history strategy, maximizing near-term fitness by having many altricial young that begin reproduction early and reproduce frequently. These findings may constitute an important lead in guiding the search for novel disease reservoirs in the wild. The increasing frequency of zoonotic disease events underscores a need to develop forecasting tools toward a more preemptive approach to outbreak investigation. We apply machine learning to data describing the traits and zoonotic pathogen diversity of the most speciose group of mammals, the rodents, which also comprise a disproportionate number of zoonotic disease reservoirs. Our models predict reservoir status in this group with over 90% accuracy, identifying species with high probabilities of harboring undiscovered zoonotic pathogens based on trait profiles that may serve as rules of thumb to distinguish reservoirs from nonreservoir species. Key predictors of zoonotic reservoirs include biogeographical properties, such as range size, as well as intrinsic host traits associated with lifetime reproductive output. Predicted hotspots of novel rodent reservoir diversity occur in the Middle East and Central Asia and the Midwestern United States.
Asset pricing and capital structure of SMEs

This thesis examines asset pricing and capital structure of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in three essays. Firm finance and asset pricing are areas of voluminous research in the literature. Most of this research observes firms trading on public stock exchanges. In my thesis, I examine privately-owned SMEs where relatively little research has been done. I use a proprietary database of over 16,000 SMEs that sold from 1990 to 2010, reporting market valuations and accounting information. My findings contribute to the literature on asset pricing and capital structure of private firms that benefits researchers, entrepreneurs, investors, and analysts.The first essay examines whether the size effect in returns found in traded stocks is present in SMEs. The size-effect literature generally observes listed firms and finds that smaller firms tend to have higher returns. Using the SME database, I document the size effect in private firms using market valuations. I also find the size premium is concentrated in smaller SMEs. In firms smaller than $2.5 million in market value, the size effect is nearly 13 times stronger compared to larger firms.The second essay explores the effects of investor sentiment and marketwide liquidity in SME returns. Prior studies find these factors have effects in returns of listed firms. I find that SME returns are negatively related to sentiment and liquidity. As sentiment or liquidity rise, SME returns tend to fall. This study also finds that the effects of sentiment and liquidity are concentrated in smaller firms and weaken or disappear in larger SMEs. Apparently investors in smaller SMEs are more influenced by sentiment and liquidity. I also find that sentiment and liquidity have conditional effects on the magnitude of the size premium. The third and final essay examines SME capital structure. Firm capital structure has been one of the most contentious issues in finance theory for over 50 years. Relatively little research examines private firm finance and no previous studies to my knowledge have examined SME capital structure using market-based leverage ratios. I examine relations between leverage and capital structure determinants suggested by theory using market-based and book-value leverage ratios. I find support for both the trade-off and pecking-order theories. This study also finds that SMEs tend to use short-term debt much more than long-term debt and firms appear to practice maturity matching where managers tend to match borrowing terms with asset life. Evidence also suggests that capital structure determinants suggested by theory have greater explanatory power for market-based leverage ratios than for ratios based on book values.