Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The interaction between orthographic and phonological information in children: An fMRI study

We examined the neural representations of orthographic and phonological processing in children, while manipulating the consistency between orthographic and phonological information. Participants, aged 9–15, were scanned while performing rhyming and spelling judgments on pairs of visually presented words. The orthographic and phonological similarity between words in the pair was independently manipulated, resulting in four conditions. In the nonconflicting conditions, both orthography and phonology of the words were either (1) similar (lime‐dime) or (2) different (staff‐gain); in conflicting conditions, words had (3) similar phonology and different orthography (jazz‐has) or (4) different phonology and similar orthography (pint‐mint). The comparison between tasks resulted in greater activation for the rhyming task in bilateral inferior frontal gyri (BA 45/47), and greater activation for the spelling task in bilateral inferior/superior parietal lobules (BA 40/7), suggesting greater involvement of phonological and semantic processing in the rhyming task, and nonlinguistic spatial processing in the spelling task. Conflicting conditions were more difficult in both tasks and resulted in greater activation in the above regions. The results suggest that when children encounter inconsistency between orthographic and phonological information they show greater engagement of both orthographic and phonological processing. Hum Brain Mapp 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Export mechanisms for dissolved organic carbon and nitrate during summer storm events in a glaciated forested catchment in New York, USA

Nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations during a summer storm for a forested catchment in the Adirondack Mountains displayed a clear separation in trajectories and timing of maximum values. Nitrate concentrations peaked early on the rising limb of the hydrograph, whereas DOC concentrations gradually increased through the rising limb with maximum concentrations following the discharge peak. Solute data from precipitation, throughfall, soilwater, and ground/till water indicated till water and near‐surface soil waters as the controlling end members for stream NO3− and DOC concentrations respectively. Streamflow concentrations of major base cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+), which were assumed to represent water originating from deep flow paths, matched the NO3− trajectory. These data suggest that streamflow NO3− concentrations are derived from till groundwater and that DOC is derived from near‐surface soil waters. We attributed the early expression of NO3− to the displacement of till waters by infiltrating precipitation. In contrast, we hypothesized that the delayed DOC concentrations occurred with surface and near‐surface runoff from near‐stream wetlands/peatlands and isolated saturated areas that became connected only under conditions of maximum water content in the catchment. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Longitudinal improvement of self-regulation through practice: building self-control strength through repeated exercise.

This study examined the results of repeated exercises of self-control in relation to self-regulatory strength over time. A sample of 69 U.S. college students spent 2 weeks doing 1 of 3 self-control exercises: monitoring and improving posture, regulating mood, or monitoring and recording eating. Compared with a no-exercise control group, the participants who performed the self-control exercises showed significant improvement in self-regulatory capacity as measured by quitting faster on a hand-grip exercise task following a thought-suppression exercise.
The role of pre-operative state-anxiety in the determination of intra-operative neuroendocrine responses and recovery.

OBJECTIVES The psychophysiological model of adjustment to surgery predicts associations between (1) heightened pre-operative state-anxiety and intra-operative neuroendocrine responses, (2) neuroendocrine responses and complications; and (3) heightened pre-operative state-anxiety and post-operative recovery. The present study examined these associations. METHODS Participants were 39 patients (mean age 71.9+/-6.1 years) undergoing elective carotid endarterectomy surgery under local anaesthesia. In the week prior to surgery, patients completed baseline measures of physical and mental functioning using the MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). In addition to this, they undertook a 24-hour urine save to measure cortisol and catecholamines. Measures of state-anxiety were completed on the evening prior to surgery. A second 24-hour urine save was started at the time of anaesthetic induction. Follow-up measures of physical and mental functioning were completed 1 month following surgery. All complications were recorded during hospitalization. RESULTS There was a significant negative association between pre-operative state-anxiety and intra-operative cortisol (r=-.52, p<or=.001). Using hierarchical regression analysis, pre-operative state-anxiety accounted for 10% of the variance in intra-operative cortisol responses after controlling for medical and demographic factors. There were no significant associations between neuroendocrine responses and complications. Pre-operative state-anxiety was a significant determinant of poorer mental functioning following surgery, explaining 10% of the variance in scores after adjusting for baseline mental functioning. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study show increasing pre-operative anxiety to be associated with lower intra-operative cortisol responses and poorer mental functioning 1 month following surgery.
Reconfigurability and Beam Scanning With Phase-Only Control for Antenna Arrays

A new method is presented on constrained power synthesis for reconfigurable arrays of arbitrary geometry. Given a number of suitable masks, the algorithm yields excitation vectors whose array patterns belong to such masks, and for each array element the excitation amplitude holds constant during the pattern reconfiguration, so as to ensure phase-only control. Each excitation amplitude is optimized, and the method allows to control the dynamic range ratio (DRR) of the excitations. The solution to the synthesis problem is found as a point of the intersection between two suitable sets, by using the method of successive projections. The proposed method can also be used to solve problems of constrained beam scanning. To this aim it is sufficient to select a high number of masks, close to each other in the angular sector of interest and shaped in such a way as to reproduce the desired scanning beam. The algorithm yields array patterns belonging to these masks, thus performing a discrete scanning by phase-only control, and allows to control the DRR. Several numerical examples show the effectiveness and the capabilities of the method.
Differential effect of ischaemic preconditioning on mobilisation and recruitment of haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells in porcine myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion

Summary Effects of ischaemic preconditioning (IP) on the mobilisation and recruitment of haematopoietic (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem (MSC) cells were determined in porcine coronary occlusion/reperfusion. Thirtythree pigs underwent percutaneous occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 90 minutes (min), followed by 120 min reperfusion. IP was performed in 16 of the 33 pigs by two cycles of 5 min balloon occlusion/reperfusion prior to the 90 min occlusion (group IP vs. group C). Peripheral blood and myocardial tissue concentration of bone marrow origin HSCs (characterised by coexpression of CD31+, CD90+, CD45+) and MSCs (characterised by coexpression of CD44+, CD90+, CD45-) were measured by flow cytometry in the early phase of IP. Plasma/serum levels of stem cell mobilisation factors (stromal cell-derived factor-1α [SDF-1α], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], tumour necrosis factor α[TNF-α] and interleukin-8 [IL-8]) were measured. IP led to a significant increase in circulating HSCs as compared with the group C (475 ± 233 vs. 281 ± 264 /μl, p=0.032) in the early phase of IP. In contrast, a rapid and prolonged decrease in level of circulating MSCs was observed in group IP as compared with group C (19 ± 12 vs. 32 ± 17 /μl, p=0.015). The recruitment of HSCs and MSCs in infarct and border zone was significantly greater in IP group, indicating a faster homing of MSCs as compared with the rate of mobilisation. Rapid increase in VEGF, TNF-α and IL-8 levels was induced by IP, which, however, was not correlated with the levels of circulating SCs. In conclusion, IP resulted in differential mobilisation and recruitment of HSCs and MSCs in the early phase of cardioprotection.
Reporting rates of assaults at The Star casino by licensed premises staff

In response to this article, the Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research (BOCSAR) announced it would undertake a review of police recorded incidents of assault occurring at The Star casino. The aim of this review is to determine if the inception of the 2014 lockout reforms resulted in a change in reporting rates of assaults to police by staff. While this approach only examines incidents reported to police, it will reveal whether there has been a decline in staff reporting relative to reporting by the public potentially signifying a shift to deliberate underreporting of assaults by The Star after the introduction of the lockout reforms.
‘We are only scratching the surface’ – a resource-based and dynamic capabilities approach in the context of culinary tourism development

ABSTRACT This study examines the potential for developing culinary tourism (CT) from the perspective of restaurant operators in Lima, Peru, and develops a framework of CT based on the resource-based view of the firm and the dynamic capabilities paradigm. Fourteen restaurateurs and managers were interviewed, including two internationally renowned food and beverage entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that Peru's culinary potential is identified in various specific forms, including through the growing interest for local gastronomy among international visitors, the development of culinary neighbourhoods, the growing trend of pairing of foods and local beverages, and experimenting with lesser known local foods and dishes. Nonetheless, to maximise CT's potential, improved organisation within the industry, more knowledge dissemination of Peruvian cuisine domestically and internationally, and promoting other traditional products/dishes to maintain the momentum are vital. The usefulness of the proposed framework is presented, the implications of the findings discussed, and future research streams proposed.
Clinical Impact of Additional Cytogenetic Aberrations, cKIT and RAS Mutations, and Treatment Elements in Pediatric t(8;21)-AML: Results From an International Retrospective Study by the International Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group.

PURPOSE This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the predictive relevance of clinical characteristics, additional cytogenetic aberrations, and cKIT and RAS mutations, as well as to evaluate whether specific treatment elements were associated with outcomes in pediatric t(8;21)-positive patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). PATIENTS AND METHODS Karyotypes of 916 pediatric patients with t(8;21)-AML were reviewed for the presence of additional cytogenetic aberrations, and 228 samples were screened for presence of cKIT and RAS mutations. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the relevance of anthracyclines, cytarabine, and etoposide during induction and overall treatment. End points were the probability of achieving complete remission, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), probability of event-free survival, and probability of overall survival. RESULTS Of 838 patients included in final analyses, 92% achieved complete remission. The 5-year overall survival, event-free survival, and CIR were 74%, 58%, and 26%, respectively. cKIT mutations and RAS mutations were not significantly associated with outcome. Patients with deletions of chromosome arm 9q [del(9q); n = 104] had a lower probability of complete remission (P = .01). Gain of chromosome 4 (+4; n = 21) was associated with inferior CIR and survival (P < .01). Anthracycline doses greater than 150 mg/m(2) and etoposide doses greater than 500 mg/m(2) in the first induction course and high-dose cytarabine 3 g/m(2) during induction were associated with better outcomes on various end points. Cumulative doses of cytarabine greater than 30 g/m(2) and etoposide greater than 1,500 mg/m(2) were associated with lower CIR rates and better probability of event-free survival. CONCLUSION Pediatric patients with t(8;21)-AML and additional del(9q) or additional +4 might not be considered at good risk. Patients with t(8;21)-AML likely benefit from protocols that have high doses of anthracyclines, etoposide, and cytarabine during induction, as well as from protocols comprising cumulative high doses of cytarabine and etoposide.
Anti-Corruption Agencies and Eradication of Corruption in Nigeria

public offices and has led in crippling the due process in government establishment, making it difficult to be eradicated. As said by Okechukwu et al , (2017), that eradicating corruption at both continental and national level has been very weak, Abstract: Corruption has been identified in the literature as one of the major factors hindering the development of nations like ours. Hence, the study investigated activities of anti-corruption agencies such as Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC),and Independent Corrupt Practices and other related offences Commission, with Code of Conduct Bureau and Money Laundering Act in eradicating corruption in Nigeria. With the use of survey research design, primary data were sourced through the administration of 150 questionnaires to the staffs of EFCC and ICPC across the Western States in Nigeria. These were analyzed using tables, frequencies and chi-square methods. It was found that, the activities of anti-corruption agencies have significantly helped in eradicating corruption in Nigeria, much more with the existence of the Code of Conduct Bureau and Money Laundering Act. However, much is expected from ICPC because it was found to be sluggish in their activities in eradicating corruption in Nigeria. It was concluded that, though fighting corruption, both at the low and high places in Nigeria, seems to be highly tasking, the anti- corruption agencies roles in eradicating corruption cannot be overemphasized. It is therefore recommended that, adequate funds and facilities should be provided for the agencies so as to enable they perform their roles efficiently. More importantly, qualified and non-political personnel should be recruited into the commission, and a special court should be set up to fast-track the trial and prosecution of any individual found or caught with any form of corruption in Nigeria.
(3E,5E)-3,5-Bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)oxan-4-one monohydrate

In the title compound, C(23)H(24)O(8)·H(2)O, the six-membered ring of the oxan-4-one (tetra-hydro-pyran-4-one) ring displays an envelope conformation with the heterocyclic O atom at the flap position. The dihedral angles between the terminal benzene rings is 37.23 (10)°. Classical intermolecular O-H⋯O and weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are present in the crystal structure.
Employer-Supported Training in Australia: Participation, Demand and Supply. NCVER Technical Report.

This report provides an analysis of employer-supported training in Australia. Employer-supported training is the largest share of adult education and training in all Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. It has benefits for individuals, firms and society. Cross-country studies have shown a positive association between innovation and the proportion of firms in a country providing employer-supported training. Research has also shown that skills development complements the adoption of new technology and innovative human resource management practices to improve the productivity and competitiveness of firms.
Comparative analysis of Duroc and Pietrain boar sperm morphology

The aim of this study was to compare ejaculates of Duroc and Pietrain boars in terms of sperm morphology characteristics. Analysis was performed on 116 ejaculates collected from 6 Duroc boars and 9 Pietrain boars. The boars selected for examination were young and at the beginning of their reproductive utilization. Ejaculates were collected at monthly intervals over the period of 10 months. Microscopic slides were prepared immediately after collection of ejaculates. The slides were examined to assess the frequency of morphological abnormalities. Moreover, morphometric measurements were taken from 15 randomly selected morphologically normal spermatozoa. Also, conventional evaluation of ejaculates was made following methods used at Polish sow insemination centres. Differences were found in the dimensions and shape between Duroc and Pietrain spermatozoa. Pietrain spermatozoa were characterised by significantly smaller head perimeter compared with Duroc (P ≤ 0.01). Moreover, Pietrain spermatozoa tails were by 0.8 μm longer (P ≤ 0.01), and their total sperm length was greater by 0.5 μm compared to Duroc (P ≤ 0.05) sperm. The volume of Duroc ejaculates was lower but their sperm concentration was greater. The results of the present study contribute to scientific progress as they demonstrate differences in sperm size between boars of different breeds, which may be reflected in different reproductive performances of the boars. Pigs, purebreed, ejaculate, morphometry
A proposed framework of sustainable manufacturing practice and sustainability performance among Malaysian SMEs in the manufacturing sector

There has been variation in the impact of sustainable manufacturing practice on sustainability performance.It also assumed that the sustainable manufacturing practice will enhance economic, environmental, and social sustainability of SMEs.Over the years, there seem to be widening limitation of sustainability in SMEs.There are hardly any studies that have formally documented the issue that have contributes to the widening gap between sustainable manufacturing practice and sustainability performance whether these will impact performance of SMEs.The objective of this paper is to propose a framework of improving sustainability performance through the implementation of sustainable manufacturing practices among SMEs in the manufacturing sector. The framework is developed based on the stakeholder theory and Triple Bottom Line (TBL) and supported by both conceptual and empirical past studies.Three propositions are developed in which relating to the relationships between five types of sustainable manufacturing practice and three dimensions of sustainability performance. This paper offers some contributions in both theoretical and managerial aspects.
Hyperinflation in premature infants at preschool age

Functional residual capacity was measured by helium gas dilution in 12 children born very preterm (gestational age 25–29 weeks). The children were studied at between 4.0 and 4.6 years of age. Their results were compared to those of 12 control children who were born at term without neonatal problems. The controls were matched to the children born preterm for age, race and gender. The children born preterm had significantly increased functional residual capacity values when compared to the control subjects (p < 0.01). Eight children born preterm were hyperinflated (functional residual capacity > 120% of that predicted for height) compared to only one control subject (p <0.01). Five children born preterm and one control had a positive response to bronchodilator administration. These results suggest infants born very preterm may suffer from chronic hyperinflation.
QoS Differentiation Adaptive Retransmission Limits ARQ for IEEE 802.16e BWA System

In this paper, a QoS differentiation adaptive retransmission limits ARQ (QDARL-ARQ) is proposed to improve the efficiency of retransmission in conventional SR-ARQ for the IEEE 802.16e BWA systems. With a simple algorithm implemented based on the conventional SR-ARQ, QDARL-ARQ scheme is able to dynamically adjust the retransmission limits for services with different characteristics by considering their QoS requirements as well as the current system states simultaneously. This scheme aims to achieve lower packet error rate with restrained end-to-end delay in the time-variable and error prone wireless environment in comparison with conventional SR-ARQ. Several performance metrics of QDARL-ARQ are compared with conventional SR-ARQ in both single service scenarios and multiple services scenarios. The performance improvement due to QDARL-ARQ is evaluated through the IEEE 802.16e system level simulation, and the results clearly show that it can improve the performance of mean end-to-end delay, packet error rate and throughput, especially the retransmission efficiency. It can also be found that the conventional SR-ARQ is in fact a special instance of the QDARL-ARQ designed here.
Syntactic versus lexical therapy for anomia in acquired aphasia: differential effects on narrative and conversation.

BACKGROUND Previous studies of therapy for acquired anomia have treated nouns in isolation. The effect on nouns in connected speech remains unclear. In a recent study in 2012, we used a novel noun syntax therapy and found an increase in the number of determiner plus noun constructions in narrative after therapy. AIMS Two aims arose from the previous study: to identify the critical ingredient in the noun syntax therapy,specifically whether this is lexical production, or the syntactic context; and to extend the analysis of the effects beyond narrative into conversation. METHODS & PROCEDURES We compared the effects of lexical therapy with those of noun syntax therapy in one individual with aphasia, in a sequential intervention design. We analysed the effects on conversation and on narrative. OUTCOMES & RESULTS There was improved picture naming of treated words after both therapies. Lexical therapy had no impact on narrative and conversation, whereas noun syntax therapy led to more noun production, primarily in the context of determiner plus noun combinations. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS The results support the claim that greater impact on narrative and conversation can be achieved for some people with aphasia by treating nouns in syntactic contexts.
Building Strategy to Promote Tourism Destination Attractiveness and Competitiveness in Developing Area: A Case of Bojonegoro Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Bojonegoro, which is literally one of the regencies in East Java – Indonesia, has established tourism attractions in the country. The present paper aims to assess the relative attractiveness of tourist destination competitiveness on the basis of tourism strategy in Bojonegoro. It presents our efforts to develop a tourism way that integrates the natural, cultural and art, culinary and artificial tourism in Bojonegoro. The practical implications are both for tourist operators and policy makers. The value of alternate tourism strategies based on the tourist’s impact upon the host culture becomes increasingly critical. There are three major implications for both the public and private sectors to achieve long-term sustainability, i.e., ensuring sustainable use of natural environment, enhancing the reliability of access modes to the destination, and improving the quality of lodging facilities and catering services. Conclusions are provided with a discussion of the specific insights gained from technical experiences that may serve others in addressing similar issues.