Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autocrine-Paracrine Role of Endothelin-1 in the Regulation of Aldosterone Synthase Expression and Intracellular Ca2+ in Human Adrenocortical Carcinoma NCI-H295 Cells.

The role played by endothelin (ET-1) and its receptor subtypes A and B (ETA and ETB) in the functional regulation of human NCI-H295 adrenocortical carcinoma cells has been investigated. Reverse transcription-PCR with primers specific for prepro-ET-1, human ET-1 converting enzyme-1, ETA, and ETB complementary DNAs consistently demonstrated the expression of all genes in NCI-H295 cells. The presence of mature ET-1 and both its receptor subtypes was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and autoradiography, respectively. Aldosterone synthase (AS) messenger RNA was also detected in NCI-H295 cells, and AS gene expression was enhanced by both ET-1 and the specific ETB agonist IRL-1620; this effect was not inhibited by either the ETA antagonist BQ-123 or the ETB antagonist BQ-788. A clear-cut increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in NCI-H295 cells in response to ETB, but not ETA, activation was observed. In light of these findings, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) NCI-H295 cells possess an active.
Methyldopa versus no drug treatment in the management of mild pre-eclampsia.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of methyldopa in the treatment of mild pre-eclampsia, to prevent its progress and to investigate its effect on the pregnancy outcomes. DESIGNS Randomised clinical trial. SETTING Wad Medani Hospital in the central Sudan. SUBJECTS Seventy primigravidae with single, alive baby of 28-36 weeks gestational age suffering from true mild pre-eclampsia were enrolled. The patients were randomised in two groups, treatment group who received methyldopa 750-4000 mg/day (n=34) and a control group who received no treatment (n=36). All the (treatment and control) patients were drug followed as in-patients till the delivery, seen with their babies on the days 7, 42 after the delivery. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES The outcomes examined were, rise of the diastolic blood pressure to 110 mm Hg or more, occurrence of imminent eclampsia or the eclampsia, if the maturity could be achieved, occurrence of intrauterine growth retardation, abruptio placentae, mode of delivery, birth weight, placental weight, perinatal death, Apgar score and referral of the babies to the pediatrician. RESULTS Three out of 34 (8.8%) of the treatment group had a rise in the diastolic blood pressure of 110 mm Hg, 18/36 (50%) of the control had a rise in the diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg (p < 0.05). Three out of thirty four (8.8%) of the treatment group developed imminent eclampsia, while 10/36 (27.8) of the control group developed imminent eclampsia (p < 0.05). The maturity was achieved in 82.3% and 88.8% of the treatment and the control, respectively (p > 0.05). There were ten (14.2%) perinatal deaths, four of them in the treatment group, while six in the control (p > 0.05). There was no difference regarding birth weight, occurrence of intrauterine growth retardation, placental weight, mode of delivery, Apgar score, referral of the babies to the paediatrician. No patient developed eclampsia or abruptio placenta; there was no maternal death in both groups. CONCLUSION Methyldopa can prevent the progress of the mild pre-eclampsia to severe pre-eclampsia, without affecting the maturity, birthweight or the neonatal outcomes.
Protocols for High-Risk Drugs : Reducing Adverse Drug Events Related to Anticoagulants

Published studies of adverse drug events and multiple case reports have consistently identified certain classes of medications as particularly serious threats to patient safety. These “high risk” medications include concentrated electrolyte solutions such as potassium chloride, intravenous insulin, chemotherapeutic agents, intravenous opiate analgesics, and anticoagulants such as heparin and warfarin. Analyses of some of the adverse events involving these mediations have led to important recommendations regarding their administration. Examples include the use of order templates for chemotherapeutic agents, removal of intravenous electrolyte solutions from general ward stock, and protocols for reviewing the settings of intravenous pumps delivering continuous or frequent doses of opiates. While these recommendations have high face validity, they have generally not been subject to formal evaluation regarding their impact in reducing the targeted adverse events. By contrast, several practices relating to the management of patients receiving anticoagulants have been evaluated quite extensively, and therefore constitute the focus of this chapter. Heparin and warfarin are medications whose use or misuse carry significant potential for injury. Subtherapeutic levels can lead to thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation or deep venous thrombosis (DVT), while supratherapeutic levels can lead to bleeding complications. These medications are commonly involved in ADEs for a variety of reasons, including the complexity of dosing and monitoring, patient compliance, numerous drug interactions, and dietary interactions that can affect drug levels. Strategies to improve both the dosing and monitoring of these high-risk drugs have potential to reduce the associated risks of bleeding or thromboembolic events.
Trade Reform and Industrial Performance: A Survey

Under structural adjustment programme trade liberalization has been given a prominent role with.the expectation that it would promote exports and productivity. along the. line. of comparative advantages; also it would reduce monopolistic cond.Ittons m the domestic markets and reduce the rice markups. Number of hteratures attempt to test the reform induced p ~ across industr'es. d I . perj_ormance l 't I m eve opmg countries. This paper examines the available t f eratdu re for . t he purpose of ex p lo n·n g some general conclust· ons on this field 0 stu,/' A ~~nk bet~~en tra.de policy and industrial performance is discussed n:xt. econ y, empmcal evidence based on developing countries are reviewed Fmally, the lessons drawn from the literature are focused. I
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways Mediated by ERK, JNK, and p38 Protein Kinases

Multicellular organisms have three well-characterized subfamilies of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that control a vast array of physiological processes. These enzymes are regulated by a characteristic phosphorelay system in which a series of three protein kinases phosphorylate and activate one another. The extracellular signal–regulated kinases (ERKs) function in the control of cell division, and inhibitors of these enzymes are being explored as anticancer agents. The c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNKs) are critical regulators of transcription, and JNK inhibitors may be effective in control of rheumatoid arthritis. The p38 MAPKs are activated by inflammatory cytokines and environmental stresses and may contribute to diseases like asthma and autoimmunity.
Linezolid for the Treatment of Patients with Central Nervous System Infection

Objective: To review the available evidence regarding the use of linezolid for the treatment of patients with central nervous system (CNS) infections. Data Sources: Relevant studies were identified through searches of the PubMed, Current Contents, and Cochrane databases (publications archived until October 2006). Study Selection and Data Extraction: Case reports, case series, prospective and retrospective studies, and randomized controlled trials were eligible for inclusion in our review if they evaluated the effectiveness and safety of linezolid for the treatment of patients with CNS infections. Data Synthesis: In 18 (42.9%) of the 42 relevant cases identified, patients had undergone neurosurgical operations and/or had prosthetic devices. Meningitis was the most common CNS infection, accounting for 20 (47.6%) cases. Other CNS infections included brain abscesses (14; 33.3%), ventriculitis (5; 11.9%), and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt infection (3; 7.1%). In the 39 patients in whom the responsible pathogen was isolated, those predominantly responsible for the CNS infections were: penicillin–nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (7; 17.9%), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (6; 15.4%), Nocardia spp. (5; 12.8%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (4; 10.3%), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (3; 7.7%). Of the 42 patients who received linezolid for the treatment of CNS infections, 38 (90.5%) were either cured or showed clinical improvement of the infection. The mean duration of follow-up was 7.2 months; no recurrent CNS infection was reported. Conclusions: The limited published data suggest that linezolid may be considered for the treatment of patients with CNS infections in cases of failure of previously administered treatment or limited available options.
Metaphor Aptness and Conventionality: A Processing Fluency Account

Conventionality and aptness are two dimensions of metaphorical sentences thought to play an important role in determining how quick and easy it is to process a metaphor. Conventionality reflects the familiarity of a metaphor whereas aptness reflects the degree to which a metaphor vehicle captures important features of a metaphor topic. In recent years it has become clear that operationalizing these two constructs is not as simple as asking naïve raters for subjective judgments. It has been found that ratings of aptness and conventionality are highly correlated, which has led some researchers to pursue alternative methods for measuring the constructs. Here, in four experiments, we explore the underlying reasons for the high correlation in ratings of aptness and conventionality, and question the construct validity of various methods for measuring the two dimensions. We find that manipulating the processing fluency of a metaphorical sentence by means of familiarization to similar senses of the metaphor (“in vivo conventionalization”) influences ratings of the sentence's aptness. This misattribution may help explain why subjective ratings of aptness and conventionality are highly correlated. In addition, we find other reasons to question the construct validity of conventionality and aptness measures: for instance, we find that conventionality is context dependent and thus not attributable to a metaphor vehicle alone, and we find that ratings of aptness take more into account than they should.
The Value Relevance of Financial Reporting in Malaysia: Evidence from Three Different Financial Reporting Periods

In consistent with international development, the Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) has also embarked on a convergence exercise for its financial reporting standards with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The question of interest is whether the adoption of the IFRS has improved the value relevance of financial reporting and accounting information in Malaysia. This study, therefore, aims to examine the value relevance of accounting information and financial reporting among firms in Malaysia across three reporting periods with different levels of the IFRS adoption. A period of 15 years i.e. 1993 to 2007 was selected for analysis. The 15-year period was partitioned into three reporting periods, namely, Pre-MASB (1993-1998); Post-MASB (1999-2005); and IFRS Convergence (2006-2007). A modified price model (Ohlson, 1995), which consists of two major indicators from the main financial statements i.e. balance sheet and income statement, was used to test the value relevance of financial reporting. Overall, this study provides evidence that IFRS is value relevant for decision making among investors (as reflected in the market value). This study finds that the book value and earnings are significant in jointly explaining the variations in their associated market value for the three reporting periods. When the IFRS become mandatory for reporting entities in the Malaysian market, the role of earnings and income statement in stock market valuation become increasingly important as compared to the role of book value of equity.
A Study of Employability between Higher Technical and Vocational Education and Employer in Tourism and Hospitality: A Stakeholder perspective

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between tourism and hospitality education and work in terms of employability development as well as to discuss how higher education can contribute to such a development. To begin with, as a background, the relation between higher education and work has been described based on the already mentioned discrepancy discussion. Later, the concept of employability will be explored and discussed in general terms as well as regarding the tourism and hospitality. Finally, different ways of integrating employability in higher education curricula are discussed. Based on this discussion, we have some suggestions regarding the employability development within the tourism and hospitality industry.
Assistance with Personal Care Activities Among the Old‐Old in Israel: A National Epidemiological Study

The objectives of this study were to (1) estimate rates of difficulty, need for assistance, and receipt of assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) among the old‐old in Israel; (2) describe the living arrangements of the dependent old‐old; and (3) gain insight into the caregiving provided to the disabled members of this population.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure in Children and Adults: A Meta-analysis

We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials examining inhaled nitric oxide (INO) for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome or acute lung injury in children and adults. Qualitative assessments of identified trials were made, and metaanalyses were performed according to Cochrane methodology. Five randomized controlled trials (n = 535) met entry criteria. One study demonstrated significant improvement in oxygenation in the first 4 days of treatment, with no difference after this. There was no difference in ventilator-free days between treatment and placebo groups, and no specific dose of INO was more advantageous than any other. INO had no effect on mortality in trials without crossover of treatment failures to open-label INO (relative risk, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–1.44). Other clinical indicators of effectiveness, such as duration of hospital and intensive care stay, were inconsistently reported. Lack of data prevented assessment of all outcomes. If further trials assessing INO in acute respiratory distress syndrome or acute lung injury are to proceed, they should be stratified for primary etiology, incorporate other modalities that may affect outcome, and evaluate clinically relevant outcomes before any benefit of INO can be excluded.
Do Materialists Prefer the “Brand-as-Servant”? The Interactive Effect of Anthropomorphized Brand Roles and Materialism on Consumer Responses

Although considerable attention has been paid to the "brand-as-partner," the current research shows that the "brand-as-servant" is embraced by consumers whose value system facilitates a master-servant relationship in the quasi-social experiences provided by brand anthropomorphism. Four studies evince that differences in hierarchical structure inherent in brands working with (i.e., partner brands) versus working for (i.e., servant brands) consumers engender materialism to play a systematic role in determining consumer responses to being an equal partner versus dominating master in consumer-brand relationships. In particular, materialists respond more favorably to a servant brand than to a partner brand when the brand is anthropomorphized (vs. objectified), and they respond more favorably to an anthropomorphized servant brand than do nonmaterialists. This effect is actualized through traits of materialists, moderated by brand status and mediated by an activated desire to dominate the servant brand. This finding shows that partnership may not be the only meaningful relationship that consumers form with their brands.
Buyer-Supplier Relations in Industrial Markets: When Do Buyers Risk Making Idiosyncratic Investments?

It is well established that the existence of investments specific to a relationship influences the choice of governance structure, including the use of contractual safeguards. What is less well understood are the circumstances leading to the creation of those specific assets to begin with. This paper explores the industrial buyer's motives to put itself at risk by making investments, tangible and intangible, which cannot be readily redeployed from one supplier to another. Using original data from a sample of 388 supply relationships involving all automakers in the U.S. and Japan, we examine features of the supply task, the supplier, and the supply environment which serve as motives to make supplier-specific investments. We also examine potential factors which facilitate the posting of specific assets as "credible commitments" to attenuate supplier opportunism. We find that specific investments by buyers serve as a mechanism to 1) increase coordination when the manufacturing task is complex, 2) buffer the buyer against technological uncertainty, and 3) build close relationships when the requisite production skills are scarce (the supply market is thin). We find more specific investments in supply arrangements that are embedded in a broader business relationship. We find fewer supplier-specific investments in the Japanese context. Finally, we find that buyers focus their investments on lesser-known, low-share component makers, perhaps to capitalize on a unique, focused supplier capability.
Organizational Factors Associated with Job Characteristics: Evidence from Frontline Service Employees

Job design is an effective manner for influencing the conduct of employees. However, research has not yet considered how job characteristics are associated with other organizational factors to promote employee attitudes and behaviors in a more sustainable way. The authors develop a structural model that addresses this gap with data from services. The results provide broad support for the proposed model, indicating that, perceptions of a customer‐oriented culture, autonomy, and behavior‐based evaluation systems are associated with task variety, identity, and supervisory support.
Estimation of Myocardial Infarct Size from Plasma Myoglobin or Fatty Acid-Binding Protein. Influence of Renal Function

Myoglobin (M(r) 18,000) and fatty acid-binding protein (M(r) 15,000), are low molecular mass cytoplasmic proteins that are considered useful biochemical markers for early detection or exclusion of acute myocardial infarction, and also for early estimation of infarct size. As each of these proteins shows renal clearance, we studied the influence of renal function on the estimation of infarct size from their plasma concentration curves. For this, infarct size estimated from plasma myoglobin or fatty acid-binding protein release curves was compared with that estimated with the established infarct size markers hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, which are not influenced by changes in renal function. The discordance between infarct size estimates was related to renal function. Creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), myoglobin, fatty acid-binding protein and creatinine were assayed serially in plasma samples obtained frequently and for at least 72 hours after the start of thrombolytic therapy in 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Cumulative release of the different cardiac markers was calculated by using a two-compartment model for circulating proteins. Mean tissue contents of 156 U/g for hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, 2163 U/g for creatine kinase, 2.79 mg/g for myoglobin and 0.57 mg/g wet weight for fatty acid-binding protein, were used to express infarct size in gram-equivalents of healthy myocardium per litre of plasma (g-eq/l). Mean plasma creatinine was obtained by averaging the creatinine concentrations measured in all plasma samples taken during the first 24 hours after acute myocardial infarction. A relation was found between the mean plasma creatinine concentration during the first 24 hours after acute myocardial infarction and the discordance between infarct size estimated from cumulative hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase release, compared to infarct size estimated from cumulative myoglobin or fatty acid-binding protein release. For patients with mean plasma creatinine concentrations within the reference interval for creatinine (group 1, n = 15) a good agreement was found between infarct size estimated from myoglobin or fatty acid-binding protein plasma curves and that estimated with either hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase or creatine kinase. However, for patients with a mean creatinine concentration above the upper reference limit (group 2, n = 5), infarct size calculated from plasma myoglobin or fatty acid-binding protein release curves was markedly overestimated, especially for larger infarcts. Estimation of infarct size from serial plasma myoglobin or fatty acid-binding protein concentrations is possible in the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, but only in patients with normal renal function, as estimated from plasma creatinine concentrations.
ANALISA PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN LQ 45 DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

This research aims to test the effects of profitability on share prices of companies listed in the LQ 45 index in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Profitability is measured using the return on equity (ROE) and earnings per share (EPS) ratios. Using purposive sampling on companies listed in the LQ 45 index in 2011- 2014 yielded data samples from 11 companies. Running a simple linear regression and and a multiple regression on the variables results in showing that simultaniuosly ROE, EPS does significantly effects share prices. When tested partially ROE and EPS also proves to have significant effects on Share Price.
Antecedents of Perceived Quality in the Context of Internet Retail Stores

This study investigates specific antecedents of perceived service quality in the Internet environment for trust to a retail store, experience with e-commerce, Internet familiarity, excitement with e-commerce, extent of using e-commerce, frequency of purchases from a company, in addition to exploring the reasons for shopping on line: such as price discounts, convenience, product availability, and purchase conditions. The results indicate that perceived e-service quality is comprised of four key dimensions: information, user friendliness, interaction / adaptation and aesthetics. Moreover, the study reveals that different dimensions of perceived e-service quality are influenced by diverse antecedents. For instance, whilst customer trust to a company influences all four dimensions, Internet familiarity has an impact solely on user friendliness. This picture remained when the type of store, either pure dot. com versus hybrid retailer, was tested as a moderator variable. Implications for practice, the limitations of the study, and directions for future research are discussed.