Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AMONG YOUNG WORKERS IN CAR REPAIR WORKSHOPS IN PORT-SAID, EGYPT.

Introduction: The risk of having occupational injuries is higher in child workers than that in adults. Aim of work: This work was conducted to determine the prevalence of occupational injuries and to examine the factors associated with occupational injuries among young automobile repair. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Port-Said city, Egypt among young workers aged 12- 18 years old in car repair workshops. Sixty workers with at least one-year experience in their position were included using systematic random sample technique. A questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic data, and occupational history including injury. Results: Occupational injuries were reported by 68.3% of worker during the last year. Abrasions were the chief injuries being reported and the most common body parts injured were upper limbs. A statistically significant association was found between age, years of education, smoking, duration of employment and injury occurrence among automobile repair workers (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Majority of the child laborers in car repair workshops were facing unsafe working conditions, and encountered frequent work-related injuries and illnesses. So, it is important to develop successful policies to prevent occupational injuries and promote safer work practices for young workers.
Lines of Credit and Consumption Smoothing: The Choice between Credit Cards and Home Equity Lines of Credit

The author models the choice between credit cards and home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) within a framework where consumers hold lines of credit as instruments of consumption smoothing across state and time. Flexible repayment schemes for lines of credit induce risk-averse consumers with sufficiently high discount rates to underinsure and hold lines of credit instead as a buffer, even when they have access to full and fair insurance markets. Weighing the fixed upfront fees and higher default costs of HELOCs against the advantages of low and income-tax-deductible interest payments, the author finds a threshold level of potential borrowing belowwhich consumers prefer to use credit cards exclusively. Above that threshold, consumers decide touse HELOCs and consolidate all outstanding credit card debt into them; however, a rising probability of default and the resulting loss of equity in the home will put an upper bound on the potential HELOC borrowing that will prevent full debt consolidation.
Determinants of Food Security in Rural Areas of Pakistan

Abstract: Out of 120 districts of Pakistan (for rural areas) only 40 are food secure while 80 (67 percent) are food insecure. Within these food insecure districts, 38 (46 percent) are extremely food insecure. The matter of food security in rural areas is of immense nature and needs to be probed. A number of factors are responsible for the situation. The current paper examines the determinants of three aspects of food security in rural areas of Pakistan, i.e. food availability, accessibility and absorption. For the purpose a series of models is applied on district level data of rural areas of Pakistan. The production of wheat, rice, maize, pulses, oilseeds, poultry meat and fish at the district level is found to affect food availability positively. All the district except of Sindh are more probable to be food insecure in availability. In the food accessibility electrification and adult literacy emerged as the factors having negative effect. Child immunization, safe drinking water and number of hospitals have shown positive effect on food absorption.
INTERNAL SETTING AND ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING IN SCHOOLS

This article is one of the outcomes of a research project in which we focused on the recognition of the processes of organisational learning in Czech basic schools (6-15). In this article, we deal with the dimension of the systematic way of organisational learning. In agreement with many other authors we consider the systematic way of organisational learning in schools an important condition for the depth and, therefore, efficiency of organisational learning. We look for an answer to the question of how much influence is exerted by factors in the internal school setting on the systematic way of organisational learning. For this analysis, we use data of a representative survey conducted in two Regions of the Czech Republic.
Nutritional, carbon and energy evaluation of Eucalyptus nitens short rotation bioenergy plantations in northwestern Spain

Abstract: This study provides essential information related to the nutrient and carbon levels and the energy potential of Eucalytpus nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden bionenergy plantations located in northwestern Spain. Nutritional analysis showed that leaves and bark had the highest concentrations of N, P, K and Mg. Carbon concentration was constant for all above-ground tree components. Nutrients and carbon were analyzed at stand level according to plantation productivity. Stemwood, the main tree component at the end of the rotation, had the highest nutrient content, except for N and Ca, which were highest in leaves and bark respectively. Based on this study, the nutrient content per ha of above-ground biomass was 243-706 kg N, 44-122 kg P, 131-375 kg K, 121-329 kg Ca and 25-67 kg Mg at the end of the bioenergy rotation (6-12 years, depending on site quality) and 19-56 Mg C ha-1. Energy analysis showed a fairly constant Net Calorific Value for wood, 18.32 ± 0.19 MJ kg-1. The results obtained are valuable for selecting the most appropriate forest management system in these bioenergy plantations, and thereby promote the sustainable use of woody crops.
Accountability Issues in Basic Schools of Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria

Concern for improvement in the quality of education in Nigeria, as in other countries, in recent years has raised demands for accountability from schools and particularly teachers. Using the descriptive survey design, this study examined the level of accountability among basic education teachers, strategies for promoting accountability at the basic education level and likely challenges against holding teachers responsible for their students’ learning. Twenty five officials in charge of basic education in Kwara State Ministry of Education (MOE) and State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) and 30 teachers each at the primary and junior secondary schools in Ilorin Metropolis were selected as the study participants, using stratified random sampling technique. Evaluation and Accountability Questionnaire (EAQ) with reliability coefficient of . 78 was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics of percentage, mean and rank-ordering were used to answer the five research questions raised in the study, while chi-square was used to test for significant difference on issues relating to accountability between educational administrators and teachers, at . 05 level of significance. Findings revealed that teachers felt moderately responsible for their students’ academic performance, especially in Mathematics. Thorough supervision and use of rewards were the best measures of promoting accountability while lack of sufficient instructional aids was seen as the greatest obstacle to teachers’ accountability. It was recommended that: effective accountability policies be formulated for basic education in Nigeria with explicit rewards and sanctions; meaningful support needs to be provided for the schools, educators and students; and supervision should be all-encompassing, focused on teaching,examinations and overall students’ needs.tasty’s video
Study on Micro Morphology of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals Grown at Elevated Temperatures

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals were grown around 65 °C. The growth rate of KDP (KH2PO4) crystal prismatic faces was measured by laser polarization interference system. The surface micro morphology of KDP crystals grown at various supersaturation were comparatively observed by atomic force microscope systematically. The results show that the growth rate increased with the rise of supersaturation, the aspect ratio reduced. The steps bunching height occurred at σ = 0.03 and 0.04. At this point, the steps height reached maximum value about 11.3~24.4 nm. The step bunching was almost constant at higher supersaturation. A few pits and holes appeared on the crystal surface at high supersaturation. In our opinion, the forming of these pits and holes might be related with the step movement and 2D nuclei mechanism.
Mothers' Work-to-Family Conflict and Children's Academic Achievement: Do School Involvement and Work Status Matter?

Mothers' Work-to-Family Conflict and Children's Academic Achievement: Do School Involvement and Work Status Matter? Hayley M. Holladay School of Family Life, BYU Master of Science Structural equation modeling was used to explore associations between maternal work-tofamily conflict, maternal involvement in schooling, and academic outcomes in early adolescents. Among a subsample of 725 fifth graders (and their employed mothers and teachers) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD), multigroup analyses were used to explore differences in this relationship between groups with mothers working part-time versus full-time. Results revealed that among part-time employed mothers maternal involvement in school fully mediated the relationship between maternal work-to-family conflict and fifth graders’ academic achievement. For full-time employed mothers, maternal work-to-family conflict was not related to maternal involvement in school or academic outcomes. These findings suggest that mothers’ involvement in school may be an important way in which negative outcomes of work-to-family conflict may be minimized. Prior research has not investigated the associations between work-to-family conflict and child outcomes. The present study suggests a need to further understand how aspects of the work-family interface relate to children. Further, results suggest a need to better understand the differences in the work-family interface between families where mothers are employed part-time versus full-time.
Local Parametric Estimation in High Frequency Data

Abstract We give a general time-varying parameter model, where the multidimensional parameter possibly includes jumps. The quantity of interest is defined as the integrated value over time of the parameter process . We provide a local parametric estimator (LPE) of Θ and conditions under which we can show the central limit theorem. Roughly speaking those conditions correspond to some uniform limit theory in the parametric version of the problem. The framework is restricted to the specific convergence rate n1∕2. Several examples of LPE are studied: estimation of volatility, powers of volatility, volatility when incorporating trading information and time-varying MA(1).
Understanding technology acceptance in pre-service teachers of primary mathematics in Hong Kong

The adoption of educational technology in teaching depends on how well a teacher accepts it. This paper draws on a technology acceptance survey of pre-service primary mathematics teachers in Hong Kong to study the factors influencing their technology acceptance. This work adopted a mixed method approach, in which quantitative data were collected through questionnaire survey from 234 pre-service teachers, where the data were analysed using structural equation modelling with a customised technology acceptance model. The qualitative data were also collected from 14 of these pre-service teachers through interviews, and analysed using the iterative coding process. The results show an overall positive attitude towards the use of educational technology, while perceived usefulness is more influential than perceived ease of use. Perceived ease of use is found to rely heavily on facilitating conditions rather than computer self-efficacy. We also found that subjective norms have an indirect influence on the usage and adoption in our context. Explanations for these findings are discussed, together with implications of the results. Our findings are intended to provide insights to policy makers about how to design teacher education programmes that address the demands of learning and teaching with educational technologies in Hong Kong and related contexts.
The Forward Smile in Local-Stochastic Volatility Models

We introduce an asymptotic expansion for forward start options in a multi-factor local-stochastic volatility model. We derive explicit approximation formulas for the so-called forward implied volatility which can be useful to price complex path-dependent options, as cliquets. The expansion involves only polynomials and can be computed without the need for numerical procedures or special functions. Recent results on the exploding behaviour of the forward smile in the Heston model are confirmed and generalized to a wider class of local-stochastic volatility models. We illustrate the effectiveness of the technique through some numerical tests. Mathematica codes are freely available on the authors' website.
Optimum Parameters for Tuned Mass Damper Using Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) Algorithm

This study is investigated the optimum parameters for a tuned mass damper (TMD) under the seismic excitation. Shuffled complex evolution (SCE) is a meta-heuristic optimization method which is used to find the optimum damping and tuning frequency ratio for a TMD. The efficiency of the TMD is evaluated by decreasing the structural displacement dynamic magnification factor (DDMF) and acceleration dynamic magnification factor (ADMF) for a specific vibration mode of the structure. The optimum TMD parameters and the corresponding optimized DDMF and ADMF are achieved for two control levels (displacement control and acceleration control), different structural damping ratio and mass ratio of the TMD system. The optimum TMD parameters are checked for a 10-storey building under earthquake excitations. The maximum storey displacement and acceleration obtained by SCE method are compared with the results of other existing approaches. The results show that the peak building response decreased with decreases of about 20% for displacement and 30% for acceleration of the top floor. To show the efficiency of the adopted algorithm (SCE), a comparison is also made between SCE and other meta-heuristic optimization methods such as genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) method and harmony search (HS) algorithm in terms of success rate and computational processing time. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other meta-heuristic optimization methods.
Cytomegalovirus Immunity in Pregnancy in South of Iran

Problem statement: Fetal loss and abortion are responsible for significant emotional distress for couples desiring children. There are many documents which support the role of some certain asymptomatic infections such as Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in spontaneous abortion. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of seropositivity for CMV IgG and IgM in women with abortion and compare it with normal women with no previous history of abortion. Approach: This case-control study was carried out in Shariatee hospital of Hormozgan University of medical sciences, during 2003-2004. A number of 250 women with definite diagnosis of previous abortion and 200 matched women with normal full term delivery and negative history of miscarriage as controls were studied as case and control groups. Serum samples were obtained from participants and a demographic questionnaire was also filled for each of them. All serum samples were then tested using ELISA method for detection of anti-CMV IgM and IgG Antibodies. Data was analyzed, using SPSS software (chi square and t-test). Results: The average age was 25.6±7.6 years in case group and 25.3±6.5 years in control group. The number and percentage for CMV-IgG was 235(94%) and 150(75%) in case and control groups, respectively (p-value = 0.0001). In case group 13(5.2%) women were positive for CMV-IgM, while no positive sample was detected in control group (p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study showed higher prevalence of seropositivity for CMV in women with spontaneous abortion comparing to women with normal full term delivery and suggest that cytomegalovirus plays a significant role in abortion.
The role of SEF14 fimbriae in pathogenesis and enhancing the immunity of Salmonella enteritidis

Food safety is an important component of effective prevention and control strategy for Salmonella enteritidis infection. The control strategies have been implemented in poultry with ultimate aim to reduce S. enteritidis out breaks in human. SEF14 fimbriae are expressed on strains of serogroup D salmonella and contribute their survival in macrophages. SEF14 fimbriae are immunogenic in the S. enteritidisinfected chicken. SEF14 antibodies is protective in mice, IgA and IgG response were found in sera of immunized chicken with SEF14 antigen. In this review we concluded that the immunogenecity of SEF14 antigens in the infected birds may serve as component of an effective sub-cellular vaccine for poultry. Key words: Salmonella entertidis, SEF14 fimbriae, pathogenicity.
Does loyalty pay? First-time versus repeat visitors at a national arts festival

The aim of this research is to segment visitors to one of South Africa’s biggest arts festivals based on the frequency of visits in order to distinguish between fi rst-time and repeat festival attendees. Both fi rst-time and repeat visitor groups play a fundamental role in the overall well-being and success of a festival, and festival organisers must strive to achieve a balance between fi rst-time and repeat visitors. Festival managers should therefore be aware of the festival attributes that diff erentiate between the fi rst-time visitor group and repeat visitors attending the festival. These diff erences include socio-demographics, behavioural characteristics, destination perception, perceived value and travel motivations. This article therefore compares fi rst-time and repeat visitors to the Klein Karoo National Arts Festival based on these categories. A questionnaire survey (N = 555) was conducted at the festival, and the fi ndings indicate that there are signifi cant diff erences between fi rst-time and repeat visitors at the festival. First-time visitors spend a signifi cant amount of money during the festival and are mainly motivated by Relaxation and socialisation and Festival shows/productions, while repeat visitors are loyal visitors who stay longer and spend more money, especially on tickets supporting the festival’s shows/ productions. Results reveal that both fi rst-time and repeat visitor groups are important for the long-term sustainability of the festival. This method of segmentation has proved to be successful and is used as the basis for proposing managerial and marketing implications for the festival organisers.
Continuous Wavelet Transform Analysis of Surface Electromyography for Muscle Fatigue Assessment on the Elbow Joint Motion

Studying muscle fatigue plays an important role in preventing the risks associated with musculoskeletal disorders. The effect of elbow-joint angle on time-frequency parameters during a repetitive motion provides valuable information in finding the most accurate position of the angle causing muscle fatigue. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of muscle fatigue on the spectral and time-frequency domain parameters derived from electromyography (EMG) signals using the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). Four male participants were recruited to perform a repetitive motion (flexion and extension movements) from a non-fatigue to fatigue condition. EMG signals were recorded from the biceps muscle. The recorded EMG signals were then analyzed offline using the complex Morlet wavelet. The time-frequency domain data were analyzed using the time-averaged wavelet spectrum (TAWS) and the Scale-Average Wavelet Power (SAWP) parameters. The spectral domain data were analyzed using the Instantaneous Mean Frequency (IMNF) and the Instantaneous Mean Power Spectrum (IMNP) parameters. The index of muscle fatigue was observed by calculating the increase of the IMNP and the decrease of the IMNF parameters. After performing a repetitive motion from non-fatigue to fatigue condition, the average of the IMNF value decreased by 15.69% and the average of the IMNP values increased by 84%, respectively. This study suggests that the reliable frequency band to detect muscle fatigue is 31.10-36.19Hz with linear regression parameters of 0.979mV^2Hz^(-1) and 0.0095mV^2Hz^(-1) for R^2 and slope, respectively.
Weaning from Ventilator and Effect of Blender-Humidifier on Outcome

Background and objectives: the weaning procedure of mechanical ventilation in many patients is a difficult and long process and increases the time of mechanical ventilation. There are numerous ways to achieve this goal. One common way is using CPAP-ventilator. Considering the lower price of Blender-Humidifier compared to CPAPof ventilator and the limited number of studies in this field, this study was aimed to compare these two procedures.Methods: 102 patients in pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) were allocated randomly in one group: CPAP-ventilator and Blender-Humidifier. Duration of hospital and PICU stay, the number of days of mechanichal ventilation, the frequency of re-intubation, and the mortality of the patients were recorded. Results: the study was conducted on 66 male and 36 female patients (64.7% and 35.3% respectively). The average age was 22.5 ± 4.5 months. The most frequent complaint of the patients at the time of visit was coughing (35%), hyperventilation and respiratory distress (21.6%). Hospital stay was 23±14 and 20±12days in humidifier and cpap groups respectively (p=0/52). PICU stay was 15± 11and 20±11 days in humidifier and cpap groups respectively (p=0/18). Re- intubation rate was 16/2% and 33/5% in humidifier and cpap groups respectively (p=0/15). Mortality rate 8/4% and 21.5% in humidifier and cpap groups respectively (p=0/06). Conclusion: Although there was no statistically significant difference between two groups, considering the differences in mortality rate, the need for re-intubation, rate of hospital and PICU stay, and at the same time, with easy availability and low prices, using Blender- Humidifier is recommended.
The modulating influence of convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) on the variability of tropical precipitation

A detailed examination of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) daily estimates, merging high‐quality (HQ)/infrared (IR) precipitation from 1998 to 2009, revealed the modulating influence of convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs), including Kelvin, n = 1 equatorial Rossby (ER), mixed Rossby‐gravity (MRG), and tropical depression (TD)‐type waves, on the variability of tropical precipitation. Consistent with inviscid β‐plane shallow water theory, the wave‐induced convergence zones are found to be an active location for precipitation. Modulated precipitation by ER waves exhibits slow westward phase progression of approximately −4.8 m s−1, and it is distributed as a symmetric pair of off‐equatorial maxima and a weak equatorial peak. MRG waves show an asymmetrically modulated precipitation distribution and a faster phase progression of about −16.1 m s−1 followed by enhanced symmetrical gyres. Peak precipitation within TD‐type waves originates in the trough axis of off‐equatorial vortex trains and propagates to the west at approximately −9.5 m s−1. Regarding Kelvin waves, typical positive precipitation anomalies travelling in the east–west direction occur in the maxima of low‐level wind convergences, with an approximate phase progression of about 15.4 m s−1.