Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FROM THE END OF UNITARY SCIENCE PROJECTION TO THE CAUSALLY COMPLETE COMPLEXITY SCIENCE: EXTENDED MATHEMATICS, SOLVED PROBLEMS, NEW ORGANISATION AND SUPERIOR PURPOSES

The deep crisis in modern fundamental science development is ever more evident and openly recognised now even by mainstream, official science professionals and leaders. By no coincidence, it occurs in parallel to the world civilisation crisis and related global change processes, where the true power of unreduced scientific knowledge is just badly missing as the indispensable and unique tool for the emerging greater problem solution and further progress at a superior level of complex world dynamics. Here we reveal the mathematically exact reason for the crisis in conventional science, containing also the natural and unified problem solution in the form of well-specified extension of usual, artificially restricted paradigm. We show how that extended, now causally complete science content provides various "unsolvable" problem solutions and opens new development possibilities for both science and society, where the former plays the role of the main, direct driver for the latter. We outline the related qualitative changes in science organisation, practice and purposes, giving rise to the sustainability transition in the entire civilisation dynamics towards the well-specified superior level of its unreduced, now well understood and universally defined complexity.
Distribution Profile of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Asa River (Nigeria)

Escherichia coli are known pathogenic organism that has caused diseases which has led to severe morbidity and increased death rate. The occurrence of extended spectrum beta Lactamase (bla) producing Escherichia coli has been on the rise. Water samples were investigated as a potential reservoir for the Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamase (ESBL) - producing E. coli using phenotypic (culture-based) and molecular methods. Double disc synergy test was determined between a disc of amoxicillin-clavulanate (20μg/10μg) (augmentin) and a 30-μg disc of each thirdgeneration cephalosporin antibiotic placed at a distance of 20 mm from centre to centre on a Mueller-Hinton Agar plate streaked with the isolate. An isolate was considered to be ESBL negative if there was no enhancement between any of the cephalosporin and the clavulanate-containing discs and were then subjected to specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Eighty-four environmental E. coli was isolated. 58(69.04%) showed positivity for ESBL production. E. coli isolates positive for ESBL-production selected and subjected to plasmid curing were all plasmid mediated. 16 isolates subjected to PCR to identify the presence of blaSHV (Sulphydryl Variable), blaTEM (Temoneira) and blaCTX-M (Cefotaximase) genes revealed that 11(68.7%) of these had at least one ESBL gene (either blaCTX-M or blaTEM, or both), 5(31.3%) isolates do not have any of the three ESBL genes, and blaSHV was not detected in any of the isolates. The results of this study indicate the widespread prevalence of ESBLs in E. coli . Therefore, beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors should be prescribed based on an antibacterial susceptibility test. Keywords: WATER, E. coli , ESBL, DDST, PLASMID CURING and ASA RIVER
Résumé La culture d ’ unité et la pratique infirmière fondée sur des données probantes en soins de courte durée

Cette étude de cas multiples sur l’utilisation de la recherche avait pour objectif d’examiner si, et de quelle manière, la pratique infirmière dans les unités de soins de courte durée se fonde sur la recherche, ainsi que de trouver des explications potentielles aux pratiques observées. Des données ouvertes ont été recueillies parmi le personnel infirmier ainsi que les infirmières et infirmiers responsables dans huit unités de soins de courte durée au moyen d’entrevues et d’observations. L’utilisation de la recherche variait à l’intérieur des unités et d’une unité à l’autre, mais la culture d’unité est apparue comme le principal facteur influençant les habitudes d’utilisation de la recherche. Les thèmes de la culture d’unité déterminant cette influence étaient l’harmonie de la perspective de recherche, la motivation à apprendre, l’orientation des objectifs, la créativité, le questionnement critique, le respect mutuel et la maximisation des ressources. Les résultats fournissent une riche description qui pourrait servir de base à l’auto-évaluation de la culture d’unité dans les unités de soins de courte durée en milieu hospitalier et dans les services de consultations externes.
Value Added by Angel Investors through Postinvestment Involvement: Exploratory Evidence and Ownership Implications

Using the Kau¤man Foundation data, we provide empirical evidence that postinvestment involvement of angel investors adds value, as opposed to contrary evidence concerning venture capitalist. Furthermore, the values are added mainly through postinvestment involvement unrelated to monitoring. We then explore the implications of this nding for the theoretical problem of splitting the rm between the angel investor and the entrepreneur. Certain data included herein are derived from the Kau¤man Firm Survey release 2.0. Any opinions, ndings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reect the views of the Ewing Marion Kau¤man Foundation. yHaskayne School of Business, University of Calgary. 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4. Tel: (403) 220-6331. Email: jess.chua@haskayne.ucalgary. ca. zEdwards School of Business, University of Saskatchewan. 25 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A7. Tel: (306) 966-7779. Email: wu@edwards.usask. ca.
Leeches of the Snake River in Idaho and Oregon: Paleodrainage Implications of Mooreobdella microstoma

Abstract Leech species of the mid-Snake River of Idaho and Oregon are described, and the distribution of the extant leech Mooreobdella microstoma Moore in the Snake River paleodrainage is delineated. Samples were collected from aquatic surveys in the Snake River using suction dredging by the Idaho Power Company and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation between 1995 and 2006. Supplementing these surveys, opportunities were provided for leech identification in water-quality analyses in Arizona and Wyoming and in other surveys in California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. Eight species of leeches were found in the Snake River surveys. Erpobdella parva Moore was the most widely distributed species, occurring both above and below Shoshone Falls. Mooreobdella microstoma was widely distributed below Shoshone Falls. Other leech species were rare, although Helobdella stagnalis Linnaeus was very common above and less common below Shoshone Falls, a natural barrier to the anadromous fish. Mooreobdella microstoma is an extant species that links the Snake River to the lower Colorado River by various paleodrainages. It probably colonized the Snake River by upstream movement, whereas Erpobdella parva likely colonized this river by downstream movement.
High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters from polyester and polypropylene fibre nonwovens

Abstract In this work, High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters are designed to keep small harmful particles from entering a control environment or to prevent them from escaping. Nonwoven fabrics for filtration application were produced from polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET) fibres. The nonwoven spunlaced filters made from these fibres are softer and more flexible compared to traditional glass fibre filters for this application. They also have relatively smaller pores which render high air filtration efficiency. Glass fibres are more harmful to human, compared to polypropylene and polyester fibre which are chemically inert. Hydroentanglement and chemical bonding techniques were utilised in manufacturing nonwovens for dry filtration. Acrylic chemical binder as a foam was applied on wet spunlaced material and subsequently cured in an oven. The crosslinks between the fibres and binder were developed with resulted small pores in the material. Three different waterjet pressures and two different concentrations of chemical binder were applied during the processing. The physical, mechanical and performance properties were evaluated and analysed. Hydroentagling process binds the fibres in a homogeneous way and stabilizes the structure of nonwoven. With the use of finer fibres, the surface area of the filter media shows an increasing number of finer pores. The improved surface of the media and homogeneous cross-section after chemical bonding results in better filtration efficiency.
Enhanced Spatial Model for Landfill Siting Analysis

A landfill siting analysis typically requires evaluating various rules, factors, constraints, and numerous spatial data. A modern geographical information system, although capable of rapidly processing a massive amount of spatial data, lacks the ability to locate an optimal site when compactness and other factors are simultaneously evaluated. A previously developed grid-based model could not be applied to resolve this inability for irregularly shaped spatial data. Therefore, an enhanced spatial siting model is proposed herein for general spatial data. A compactness index is applied to ensure the integrity of selected sites. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. The proposed model and two models developed previously are compared in the first case study based on the single factor of land cost. A single factor model is perhaps quite unacceptable with respect to other factors. The second case study is thus presented to demonstrate the flexibility of the model for considering additional factors, land slope, and road network accessibility. Moreover, results obtained from various models and siting factors are compared and discussed.
Trusting Only Whom You Know, Knowing Only Whom You Trust: The Joint Impact of Social Capital and Trust on Individuals’ Economic Performance and Happiness in CEE Countries

This paper provides evidence that bridging and bonding social capital as well as social trust may interdependently affect individuals' earnings and subjective well-being. Based on cross-sectional World Values Survey 2000 data on individuals from Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs), we show that majority of citizens of these countries seem to fall in a "low trust trap" where deficits of bridging social capital and trust reinforce each other in lowering individuals' incomes and well-being. Apart from gradual modernization and economic growth, also increases in labor market participation can be perceived as a potential way out of this "trap", because employed people in CEECs tend to have statistically significantly more bridging social capital and more trust. We discuss our empirical results by providing an assessment of their robustness, and pointing out the high risk of endogeneity and omitted variables bias, often overlooked in earlier studies.
Adult Brain Neurogenesis, Neural Stem Cells and Neurogenic Niches

During the late 60 ́s, the experiments with brain lesions in rats, suggested the possibility of neurogenesis in the adult brain. Three decades later, the conceptual link between adult neurogenesis and stem cells was proposed. We now know that the adult mammalian brain may have the ability to regenerate through adult neural stem cells (NSCs). Here are briefly reviewed classical and current theories in adult neurogenesis, NSCs and neurogenic niches. Experiments in developmental biology have shown different neurogenic regions according to the capacity of neurogenesis and its presence in different species. Advances in the methodology such as optogenetics and gene reprogramming, allowing the manipulation of different conditions, will guide the discovery of new signaling pathways and interactions, to better understand some aspects recently discussed such as the variation of cell cycle length and the influence of disease conditions, cell heterogeneity and DNA changes. New discoveries in adult neurogenesis, NSCs and neurogenic niches and the developing of new technological tools should guide the NSCs-based therapy, such as gene reprogramming and the insertion of transposable elements (TEs) controlling flanking genes, causing a functional impact for different conditions.
Future of Beech in Southeast Europe from the Perspective of Evolutionary Ecology

The aim of this study is to provide quantitative information on the effect of climatic change on the growth and vitality of European beech: although the species is considered in its optimum highly plastic and adaptable, it becomes climate-sensitive closer to its xeric (lower) distribution limits. The future of beech in Southeast Europe requires special attention because this region harbours significant populations living at or near their xeric distribution boundary. Even though the low elevation occurrences are uniquely vulnerable to climatic shifts, observations and modelling studies pertaining to this region are particularly scarce. Out of climatic factors determining the xeric distributional limits for beech, Ellenberg’s drought index (EQ) appeared as the most influential. Growth response analyses in comparative tests have confirmed the existence of macroclimatic adaptation of beech and have proven that warming and more arid conditions lead to decline of growth and vitality, while no decline was observed if EQ changed in the opposite direction. The response to weather extremes was investigated in field plots. Recurrent summer droughts of 3 to 4 consecutive years, above mean EQ value 40-42 resulted in pest and disease attacks and mass mortality. The discussed approaches indicate consistently a high level of uncertainty regarding the future of beech at the xeric limit in Southeast Europe. According to field observations and bioclimatic data in Hungary, a large part of low-elevation beech forests presently in the zone of EQ index ≥20 might be threatened by the warming in the second half of the century, while higher-elevation occurrences may remain stable. The interpretation of the results bears some stipulations, such as the consequence of ecological and human interactions in influencing present distribution patterns, the unclear role of persistence, natural selection and plasticity and uncertainties of climate projections. Grim projections may probably be partly overwritten by the mentioned stipulations and by careful and prudent human support.
A Novel AMC with Little Sensitivity to the Angle of Incidence Using 2-Layer Jerusalem Cross FSS

A novel artificial magnetic conductor (AMC), i.e., high- impedance surface (HIS), is proposed. The structure, which utilizes the well know Jerusalem Cross Frequency Selective Surface (JC-FSS), is a novel 3D AMC. It offers stable resonance frequency with respect to the incidence angle of both TE and TM-polarized plane waves, very compact size and acceptable bandwidth.
Patterns of minority and majority identification in a multicultural society

There has been increasing investigation of the national and ethnic identification of minority populations in Western societies and how far they raise questions about the success or failure of multicultural societies. Much of the political and academic discussion has, however, been premised on two assumptions. First, that ethnic minority and national identification are mutually exclusive, and, second, that national identification forms an overarching majority identity that represents consensus values. In this paper, using a large-scale nationally representative UK survey with a varied set of identity questions, and drawing on an extension of Berry's acculturation framework, we empirically test these two assumptions. We find that, among minorities, strong British national and minority identities often coincide and are not on an opposing axis. We also find that adherence to a British national identity shows cleavages within the white majority population. We further identify variation in these patterns by generation and political orientation.
Financial freedom experience of Indian Male and Female Executives

Financial freedom is generally understood as state to do anything whenever you want. Financial well being brings lot of direct benefits like mental peace and capability to help others financially. Gender equality is new development of last few decades and one sees women in various roles, including females developing wealth for themselves. Every individual is different. We observe behavioral differences on Gender basis. Financial freedom experience of female Executives is very important to study against traditional male Executives. We decided that an attempt should be made to examine how financial freedom experience is different for male Executives and female Executives. Sample of 60 was selected comprising of 30 male participants and 30 female participants. All Executives were at least 18 years of age. Participants pursued different types of employment largely falling in production and trade on full time basis. Executives belonged to Vapi, Navsari, Vadodara and Ahmedabad. It was observed that Executives score do not show significant difference on Gender basis
De/Securitising the 2007 Schengen Enlargement: Austria and “the East”

Drawing on the concepts of securitisation and desecuritisation, the article argues that the construction of security threats does not necessarily have to relate to their threat potential, but can be instrumentalised and utilised by competing actors for specific aims. Using the example of the Austrian Ministry of the Interior and the Austrian tabloid press, the article scrutinises how West-European security-political and media actors reacted to the challenges of the 2007 Schengen enlargement. With reference to Balzacq’s “three faces of securitisation” it shows that the tabloids’ securitising strategy proved to be more successful than the ministry’s desecuritising strategy, because the newly emerged context did not support a congruence of the audience’s frame of reference and the ministry’s speech act.
Indirect Assimilation of Radar Reflectivity with WRF 3D-Var and Its Impact on Prediction of Four Summertime Convective Events

AbstractAn indirect radar reflectivity assimilation scheme has been developed within the Weather Research and Forecasting model three-dimensional data assimilation system (WRF 3D-Var). This scheme, instead of assimilating radar reflectivity directly, assimilates retrieved rainwater and estimated in-cloud water vapor. An analysis is provided to show that the assimilation of the retrieved rainwater avoids the linearization error of the Z–qr (reflectivity–rainwater) equation. A new observation operator is introduced to assimilate the estimated in-cloud water vapor. The performance of the scheme is demonstrated by assimilating reflectivity observations into the Rapid Update Cycle data assimilation and forecast system operating at Beijing Meteorology Bureau. Four heavy-rain-producing convective cases that occurred during summer 2009 in Beijing, China, are studied using the newly developed system. Results show that on average the assimilation of reflectivity significantly improves the short-term precipitation f.
Bacterial Diversity in Buffalo Meat and Bowel from Traditional Market and the Sensitivity of Some Bacteria to Irradiation and Antibiotics

The population of buffaloes in Indonesia was 1.37 million in 2012, representing an increase of 5.5 % over its population the previous year. Buffaloes have been in Indonesia for such a long time, they have become a part of the lives of the majority of the Indonesian society. Research has been conducted to know the bacteria diversity in domestic buffalo meat and bowels from traditional markets in Pandeglang, Banten, in order to ascertain their safety based on their initial contamination and also to study the sensitivity of several of the bacteria to irradiation and antibiotics. The total bacterial was assessed by total plate count method as index of quality. The buffalo meat and bowel samples were taken from livers, intestines, lymph, lungs and tripe. Results showed that the contaminating bacteria were aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria including Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), and Staphylococcus spp. in buffalo meat and bowel. The numbers of aerobic bacteria were in the 1.7×10 5 - 2.3×10 6 CFU/g range, while the total coliform bacteria were in the 2.0×10 3 - 6.8×10 4 CFU/g range. The total number of E. coli was in the 2.0×10 3 - 6.0×10 4 CFU/g range, and Staphylococcus spp. was in the 2.0×10 4 - 2.7×10 5 CFU/g range. No Salmonella was detected in any of the samples observed. The total coliform bacteria, E. coli , and Staphylococcus spp. in all buffalo meat and bowel samples exceeded the maximum numbers of microbes permitted by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The maximum of total coliform, E. coli, and Staphylococcus spp. permitted by SNI are 1.0×102, 1.0×10 and 1.0×10 2 CFU/g, respectively. The D 10 values of S. aureus were in the 0.13 - 0.23 kGy range, while for E. coli they were in the 0.07 - 0.13 kGy range. The isolate of S. aureus from the lungs was the most resistant to cefoxitin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin antibiotics. The isolate of E. coli from buffalo bowels were almost sensitive to cefoxitin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin antibiotics. Received: 4 October 2014; Revised: 24 April 2015; Accepted: 11 May 2015
WEED GROWTH DYNAMICS ASSOCIATED WITH RAINFED WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ESTABLISHMENT UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN POTHWAR

Initially Germination and finally crop establishment are the major problems of rainfed wheat in drought condition, if the crop has been germinated well then the winter rains are sufficient to establish the wheat in rainfed areas of Pakistan. Field experiment was conducted at University Research Farm of PirMehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan to research out the wheat crop establishment and weed population dynamics under different tillage systems integrated with glyphosate herbicide under wheat-fallow rotation through randomized complete block design during summer and winter seasons of 2012-13. The experiment comprised of seven tillage treatments viz. T1 = 1 MB Plowing + 8 Cultivations, T2 = 1 MB Plowing + 4 Cultivations, T3 = 1 Disc Harrowing + 4 Cultivations, T4 = 1 Chiseling + *Glyphosate herbicide, T5 = 1 MB Plowing + *Glyphosate herbicide, T6 = 1 Disc Harrowing + *Glyphosate herbicide and T7 = No-Till + *Glyphosate herbicide. The tillage treatments in combination with glyphosate herbicide were applied during fallow period of summer season 2012 and sowing of wheat cv. Chakwal-50 was done in winter season 2012-13. Wheat establishment and weed growth dynamics were determined through different scientific variables viz. number of tillers m-2 , shoot length plant-1, root length plant-1 anddry biomass m-2 at 45 DAS of wheat and weed density m-2, weed species diversity and weeds dry biomass m-2 at two stages i.e. 60 DAS and 150 DAS of wheat, respectively. Results showed significant effect of treatments on number of tillers m-2 and dry biomass m-2 of wheat, while, non-significant on shoot length and root length of wheat; whereas, weeds density m-2, weeds species diversity and weeds dry biomass m-2 were significantly affected by different tillage systems at both 60 DAS and 150 DAS stages of wheat. There were significant dynamics in diversity, density and dry biomass of weeds between both stages. Based on these results and cluster analysis of wheat establishment and weeds growth data, it is concluded that wheat crop was well established under T1, T2, T5 and T6and the weed growth was minimum under T1 and T7; therefore T1is recommended to the farmers of Pothwar region of Pakistan; whereas, further investigations are required to conclude the adaptation of reduced or no-till system in semi-arid zones of Pakistan.