Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A User's Guide to Path Analysis

Chapter 1 Foreword Chapter 2 Preface Chapter 3 Acknowledgements Chapter 4 1. Introduction Chapter 5 2. Definition of Basic Terms and Concepts Chapter 6 3. Constructing Causal Diagrams Chapter 7 4. Assumptions Chapter 8 5. Causal Model Estimation Chapter 9 6. Types of Research Questions in Path Model Chapter 10 7. Useful Information in Applying Path Analysis Chapter 11 References
Teachers Discovering Computers: Integrating Technology in a Connected World

1. Integrating Educational Technology into the Curriculum. SF 1: Guide to Professional, State, and Federal Educational Web Sites. 2. Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. 3. Software for Educators. 4. Hardware for Educators. 5. Technology, Digital Media, and Curriculum Integration. SF 5: Learning Theories and Educational Research. 6. The Changing Face of Education: Teaching Online. SF 6: The New World of Tablet Computing: Apps, iPads, and More. 7. Evaluating Educational Technology and Integration Strategies. 8. Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education. Appendix: References.
Connecting Speaking & Writing in Second Language Writing Instruction

The importance of teaching reading and writing together has been established; now, we have a compelling argument for rethinking and reclaiming the speaking and writing connection. In this book, Weissberg reminds second language writing specialists about the work of Vygotsky and other sociocultural theorists and how social interaction and inner speech play an integral role in writing. In "Connecting Speaking & Writing in Second Language Writing Instruction", Weissberg shows how encouraging concurrent oral-writing proficiencies affects second language learners and how dialogue-writing relationships are developed through writing tasks, group activities, conferencing, dialogue journals, and teacher-written feedback. In short, his well-researched and theoretical treatment of this topic is likely to encourage more teachers to "socialize" their second language writing classrooms.
Toward a scientific practice of science education

Contents: J.G. Greeno, M. Gardner, Foreword. Part I:View from the Disciplines. L.C. McDermott, A View from Physics. J.D. Herron, Research in Chemical Education: Results and Directions. J. Stewart, Biology Education and Research: A View From the Field. J. Lochhead, Toward a Scientific Practice of Mathematics Education. Part II:Instructional Design. F. Reif, Transcending Prevailing Approaches to Science Education. A.L. Brown, J.C. Campione, Interactive Learning Environments and the Teaching of Science and Mathematics. W.J. Clancey, K. Joerger, A Practical Authoring Shell for Apprenticeship Learning. J.H. Larkin, C. Scheftic, R.W. Chabay, An Applied Science of Instructional Design. Part III:Social Contexts of Learning Science. D. Newman, Using Social Context for Science Teaching. P. Eckert, Adolescent Social Categories, Information and Science Learning. G.B. Saxe, The Interplay Between Children's Learning in School and Out-of-School Contexts. V.N. Lunetta, Cooperative Learning in Science, Mathematics, and Computer Problem-Solving. J. Lave, Views of the Classroom: Implications for Math and Science Learning Research. Part IV:Introduction: The Impact of Technology. D.L. Goodstein, The Mechanical Universe and Beyond: Physics Teaching Enters the 20th Century. A.H. Schoenfeld, GRAPHER: A Case Study in Educational Technology, Research, and Development. A.A. diSessa, Social Niches for Future Software. M.C. Linn, Summary: Establishing a Science and Engineering of Science Education.
Encyclopedia of explosives and related items

PATR 2700, the Encyclopedia, Federoff, the Bible of Explosives, call it what you will as it has many names. There are few enough books in existence that cover a topic such as explosives, let alone do such a good job as to be a must have reference for anyone in the field. The Encyclopedia is the single greatest work on explosives period. Get it, copy it, distribute it far and wide. A special thanks goes to megalomania for creating The Forum, to NBK2000 for keeping out the kewls, and to nhamilto40 for ripping the original of this book.
Your Research Project: Designing and Planning Your Work

Introduction Research and the Research Problem Aims Introduction What Is Research? What Is It for: The Objectives of Research Types of Research The Research Process Starting Your Own Research Planning a Research Project The Next Steps: Finding Your Research Problem Area Further Reading Research Theory and the Nature of Knowledge Aims Philosophy and the Debate About the Structure of Science and the Nature of Knowledge Hypothesis Approaches to Social Research Conclusions The Next Steps: The Theoretical Basis of Your Research Project Further Reading Concepts, Language and Argument Aims Introduction Concepts and Theory Language and Argument Conclusions The Next Steps: Which Type of Research for Your Topic? Further Reading Information and How to Deal With It Aims Introduction Finding the Literature Dealing With Information Doing a Literature Review Conclusions The Next Steps: Devising your Own Information System and Writing Your Literature Review Further Reading Research Methods Aims Introduction Data Collection and Analysis Collecting Secondary Data Analysing Secondary Data Collecting Primary Data Combined Data Generation and Analysis Analysing Data Conclusions The Next Steps: Which Research Methods Will You Use? Further Reading Honesty and Research Ethics Aims Introduction Honesty In Your Work Situations That Raise Ethical Issues Ethics Policies, Permissions and Committees Conclusions The Next Steps: Plan Your Code of Ethics Further Reading Preparing the Research Proposal and Starting to Write Aims Introduction The Recipe for a Successful Research Proposal Types of Research Proposal The Main Ingredients and Sequence Finalizing Your Proposal How To Get Started With Writing Conclusions The Next Steps: Your Research Proposal Further Reading Answers to Exercises Key Words Glossary References Index
Systems and Applications

This paper investigates the limit behavior of Markov decision processes (MDPs) made of independent particles evolving in a common environment, when the number of particles goes to infinity. In the finite horizon case or with a discounted cost and an infinite horizon, we show that when the number of particles becomes large, the optimal cost of the system converges almost surely to the optimal cost of a deterministic system (the “optimal mean field”). Convergence also holds for optimal policies. We further provide insights on the speed of convergence by proving several central limits theorems for the cost and the state of the Markov decision process with explicit formulas for the variance of the limit Gaussian laws. Then, our framework is applied to a brokering problem in grid computing. The optimal policy for the limit deterministic system is computed explicitly. Several simulations with growing numbers of processors are reported. They compare the performance of the optimal policy of the limit system used in the finite case with classical policies (such as Join the Shortest Queue) by measuring its asymptotic gain. Key-words: Markov Decision Processes, Mean Field, Optimization, Particles System, Grid Broker in ria -0 03 68 01 1, v er si on 3 10 J un 2 00 9 Une approche champ moyen pour l’optimisation dans les systèmes de particules et ses applications Résumé : Cet article examine le comportement limite de processus de décision Markovien constitués de particules indépendantes évoluant dans un environnement commun, lorsque le nombre de particules tend vers l’infini. Dans le cas où on s’intéresse à un coût à horizon fini ou dans le cas d’un coût à horizon infini avec décote, nous montrons que lorsque le nombre de particules devient grand, le coût optimal du système converge presque sûrement vers le coût optimal du système déterministe. La convergence vaut également pour les politiques optimales. De plus, nous donnons un aperçu de la vitesse de convergence en prouvant plusieurs théorèmes de la limite centrale pour le coût ainsi que l’état moyen du processus en donnant des formules explicites pour la variance des lois gaussiennes limites. Enfin, ce modèle est appliqué à un problème de gestionnaire de ressources dans des grilles de calcul. Nous donnons un algorithme explicite pour calculer la politique optimale de la limite puis plusieurs simulations avec un nombre variable de processeurs sont étudiées. Nous comparons les performances de la politique optimale de la limite appliquée au système initiale avec plusieurs politiques classiques, (telles que joindre la file la plus courte). Nous mesurons le gain asymptotique, ainsi que le seuil à partir duquel elle surpasse les politiques classiques. Mots-clés : Processus de décision Markovien, Champ moyen, Optimisation, Systèmes de particules, Gestionnaire de ressource in ria -0 03 68 01 1, v er si on 3 10 J un 2 00 9 A Mean Field Approach for Optimization in Particles Systems and Applications 3
Applying the Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving Strategy in Mathematics Lessons

In ‘Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving’ (TAPPS), students work in pairs to solve the mathematics problems. One student (the problem solver) is required to read the problem and think aloud during the problem solving process. Another student (the listener) attends to the problem solver’s thinking and reminds him/her to keep saying aloud what he/she is thinking or doing, while also asking for clarifications and pointing out errors being made. This study explored the effectiveness of applying TAPPS on students’ mathematics performance in Brunei Darussalam. A Year 9 class from one of the secondary schools participated in this research study. The students’ problem solving behaviour and mathematics achievement were investigated to see any significant differences after learning using the TAPPS method. Data reported were mainly collected through mathematics achievement tests, questionnaire surveys and classroom observations. The study revealed that there was a significant improvement in students’ problem solving behaviour especially in understanding the problem. Although TAPPS did not help in improving students’ conceptual knowledge in mathematics rather, it required the students to have a strong grasp of the conceptual knowledge beforehand in order to be able to devise a plan to solve the problems.
Lexical Influences on Disfluency Production

Natural spoken language is full of disfluency. Around 10% of utterances produced in everyday speech contain disfluencies such as repetitions, repairs, filled pauses and other hesitation phenomena. The production of disfluency has generally been attributed to underlying problems in the planning and formulation of upcoming speech. However, it remains an open question to what extent factors known to affect the selection and retrieval of words in isolation influence disfluency production during connected speech, and whether different types of disfluency are associated with difficulties at different stages of production. Previous attempts to answer these questions have largely relied on corpora of unconstrained, spontaneous speech; to date, there has been little direct experimental research that has attempted to manipulate factors that underlie natural disfluency production. This thesis takes a different approach to the study of disfluency production by constraining the likely content and complexity of speakers utterances while maintaining a context of naturalistic, spontaneous speech. This thesis presents evidence from five experiments based on the Network Task (Oomen & Postma, 2001), in addition to two related picture-naming studies. In the Network Task, participants described to a listener the route of a marker as it traverses a visually presented network of pictures connected by one or more paths. The disfluencies of interest in their descriptions were associated with the production of the picture name. The experiments varied the ease with which pictures in the networks could be named by manipulating factors known to affect lexical or pre-lexical processing: lexical access and retrieval were impacted by manipulations
Analisis Mitologi dan Nilai Pendidikan pada Cerita Rakyat Gunung Kelud serta Relevansinya sebagai Bahan Ajar di SMP

ABSTRAK Kurangnya perhatian pendokumentasian cerita rakyat dapat menghilangkan aset budaya dan pengetahuan masyarakat lokal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud di Kediri yang meliputi: (1) isi cerita; (2) mitos-mitos cerita; (3) nilai pendidikan; (4) relevansinya sebagai bahan ajar di SMP. Penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori analisis strukturalisme Levi Strauss dengan pendekatan mitologi. Data dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa data lisan cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud dengan sumber data juru kunci Gunung Kelud, para pengunjung Gunung Kelud, dan warga sekitar Gunung Kelud. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan melakukan wawancara secara mendalam dan analisis isi dokumen. Uji validitas menggunakan triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi metode. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menurut Miles dan Huberman dalam Sugiyono yang terdiri dari empat komponen, yaitu: (1) pengumpulan data; (2) reduksi data; (3) sajian data; dan (4) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui struktur luar dan struktur dalam cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud. Struktur luar terdiri dari babak/episode (bagian penting dalam cerita berbentuk paragraf), unit babak/unit babak (bagian penting dalam cerita berbentuk kalimat), dan deret sintagmatik dan paradigmatik yang menunjukkan alur dari cerita sedangkan melalui struktur dalam ditemukan miteme-miteme berupa, (1) miteme latar belakang tokoh; (2) miteme kehidupan remaja; (3) miteme politik; (4) miteme penghianatan; dan (5) miteme akhir. Selain itu, melalui analisis ini ditemukan mitos-mitos dari cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud berupa upacara adat Larung Sesaji Gunung Kelud dan Upacara Larung Sesaji Kali Brantas serta mitos-mitos yang dipercaya masyarakat yaitu mitos buaya putih penunggu kawah Gunung Kelud dan mitos keris Empu Gandring di larung di kawah Gunung Kelud. Selain itu, cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud memiliki nilai-nilai pendidikan yang berupa, (1) nilai pendidikan religius; (2) nilai pendidikan moral; dan (3) nilai pendidikan budaya. Analisis mitologi dan nilai pendidikan pada cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud ini relevan sebagai bahan ajar mata pelajaran bahasa Jawa karena secara jelas termuat pada silabus pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa di SMP kelas VII KD 3.3 Memahami struktur teks, unsur kebahasaan, dan pesan moral dari teks lisan dan tulis yang berupa fiksi (wayang/cerpen/cerita rakyat/topeng dhalang). Selain itu, cerita rakyat Gunung Kelud juga mengandung ragam budaya dan nilai-nilai pendidikan yang dapat diteladani dan diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kata Kunci: Mitos, cerita rakyat, nilai-nilai pendidikan, bahan ajar.
Efficiency of an Adaptive Inter-Subtest Branching Strategy in the Measurement of Classroom Achievement.

Abstract : A real-data simulation was conducted to investigate the efficacy of an adaptive testing strategy designed for achievement test batteries applied to a classroom achievement test. This testing strategy combined adaptive item selection routines both within and between the subtests of the test battery. Comparisons were made between the conventionally administered tests and the simulated adaptive tests in terms of test length, psychometric information, and correlations of achievement estimates. Design of the study also permitted (1) separation of the effects of the adaptive intra-subtest item selection procedure and inter-subtest branching, (2) evaluation of the effects of different intra-subtest termination criteria, (3) use of classical regression equations and regression equations corrected for errors of measurement in the predictors, and (4) cross-validation stability of the inter-subtest branching regression predictions. Data consisted of the responses from 1,600 students to classroom-administered final exams in a general biology course at the University of Minnesota. Results from this study generally supported the generality of this adaptive testing strategy for reducing achievement test length with no adverse impact on the quality of the measurements. Suggestions are made for further research with this testing strategy.
Political Participation and Media Use of Highly Qualified Migrants

Yuksek nitelikli gocmenlerin hareketliligi ve beyin gocu onemli bir arastirma konulari olmakla beraber, ayni zamanda cogu arastirmacinin da dikkatini cekmektedir. Ozellikle Turkiye’nin toplumsal yapisi ve siyasal sistemindeki degisimle beraber, daha siklikla, yuksek nitelikli kisilerin Turkiye’den yurt disina dogru goc hareketliligi ile karsi karsiya kalmaktayiz. Bu makalenin esas amaci, bircok yayinlanmis makalenin konusu olmus olan, beyin gocunun veya yuksek nitelikli gocmenlerin temel goc nedenleri veya motivasyonlari degildir. Buna karsin, bu calisma, yuksek nitelikli gocmenlerin iletisim araclariyla olan iliskilerini gostermek ve bu kisilerin ev sahibi ulke ve/veya misafir olunan ulkedeki siyasal katilim oruntulerini incelemektir. Bu calismanin verileri, gelismis ulkelerde yasayan ve en az universite derecesine sahip yuksek nitelikli 320 Turk arasinda cevrimici gerceklestirilmis anket sonuclarindan olusmaktadir. Bu orneklemin yurtdisinda yasayan tum Turkleri temsil etme iddiasi bulunmamakla birlikte, amac, hem basin yoluyla hem de guncel goc arastirmalariyla da ortaya cikan, yuksek nitelikli Turklerin gelismekte olan ulkelere dogru surekli devam eden goc hareketliligi gerceginin altini cizmektir. Bu sebeple, bu calisma siyasal katilim ve iletisim arasindaki iliskiyi, mikro bir orneklem olan yuksek nitelikli Turk gocmenleri uzerinden, bu grubun toplumsal ve siyasi egilimlerini anlamaya da calisarak, gostermeyi amaclamaktadir.
Development of necrotic disease and health condition of trees of selective quality in a systematically tended beech pole-stage stand

We compare the results of observations of bark necrotic disease and defoliation of beech assimilatory organs carried out in 1996 and 2000. A systematically managed, 53-year old beech pole-stage stand in Central Slovakia was chosen as an object of our research. It was found that necrotic disease had an increasing trend. The degree of necrotic disease indicated on trees of selective quality that are the main focus of interest of silvicultural managers was lower than the degree of necrotic disease on the other trees in the same stand layer (trees of unselective quality). The defoliation of assimilatory organs was not influenced by an increasing trend of necrotic disease development. It was confirmed that the method of crown thinnings realised with the aim to support the trees of selective quality, combined with sanitary selection, was reasonable also in beech pole-stage stands affected by necrosis. During the research period in the studied stand we detected four tracheomycotic fungi of Nectria (Fr.) Fr. genus and two species of imperfect fungi of the genus Cylindrocarpon Wollenw. and Verticillium Nees.
CONFORMING BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY VARIABLES IN CONGOLESE STUDENTS.

Abstract Etude de la tendance au conformisme et de sa relation avec quelques traits de caractere chez des etudiants congolais. -Le but principal de cette etude etait d'aboutir a une comparaison interculturelle de la tendance au conformisme se manifestant dans une situation de laboratoire. A l'aide d'une technique qui coincide, a quelques modifications pres, avec celle de Crutchfield, nous avons expose 92 etudiants congolais de premiere annee de l'Institut Facultaire de Psychologie et de Pedagogie a l'Universite Lovanium (Kinshasa) a une pression sociale pendant l'execution d'une t[acaron]che d'estimation de la longueur de lignes (stimuli de Asch). L'enregistrement des erreurs de perception d'un groupe controle de 38 etudiants permettait d'isoler l'influence du facteur experimental. Les resultats obtenus sont sensiblement les měmes que ceux qui ont ete communiques par Levy et par Gerard et Deutsch a l'occasion d'experiences sur des sujets americains d'[acaron]ge et de niveau intellectuel comparables, dans d.
Comparison of dystocia evaluations from sire and sire-maternal grandsire threshold models.

INTRODUCTION Evaluations for calving ease (also known as dystocia) have been calculated in the US since 1977 (Berger, 1994). Initially, evaluations were from a best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) sire model. In 1988, an ordered categorical analysis using a threshold model was implemented (Berger, 1994). The National Association of Animal Breeders (NAAB) has funded the research, data collection and calculation of calving ease evaluations. In 1999, calculation of the evaluations was moved from Iowa State University to the Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory. The goals of this shift were to integrate the data collection and processing with the national data for yield and pedigree, and to facilitate the development and implementation of a sire-maternal grandsire (MGS) model. Adding a MGS effect to the model is expected to improve accuracy by partially accounting for the genetic merit of the mates of the bull, and differences in the maternal ability of the dams. Ramirez-Valverde et al. (2001) found that a sire-MGS model gave similar accuracy to an animal model for sires with > 50 records. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a sire-MGS model applied to the large US data set and to quantify the differences in sire evaluations between the two models.
Handbook of Chemoinformatics Algorithms

Representing 2D Chemical Structures with Molecular Graphs, Ovidiu Ivanciuc Algorithms to Store and Retrieve 2D Chemical Structures, Milind Misra and Jean-Loup Faulon 3D Molecular Representations, Egon L. Willighagen Molecular Descriptors, Nikolas Fechner, Georg Hinselmann, and Jorg Kurt Wegner Ligand- and Structure-Based Virtual Screening, Robert D. Clark and Diana C. Roe Predictive Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships Modeling: Data Preparation and the General Modeling Workflow, Alexander Tropsha and Alexander Golbraikh Predictive Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships Modeling: Development and Validation of QSAR Models, Alexander Tropsha and Alexander Golbraikh Structure Enumeration and Sampling, Markus Meringer Computer-Aided Molecular Design: Inverse Design, Donald P. Visco, Jr. Computer-Aided Molecular Design: De Novo Design, Diana C. Roe Reaction Network Generation, Jean-Loup Faulon and Pablo Carbonell Open Source Chemoinformatics Software and Database Technologies, Rajarshi Guha Sequence Alignment Algorithms: Applications to Glycans, Trees, and Tree-Like Structures, Tatsuya Akutsu Machine Learning-Based Bioinformatics Algorithms: Application to Chemicals, Shawn Martin Using Systems Biology Techniques to Determine Metabolic Fluxes and Metabolite Pool Sizes, Fangping Mu, Amy L. Bauer, James R. Faeder, and William S. Hlavacek Index