Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of neurological manifestations in patients of falciparum malaria

Background: Several types of neurological manifestations are associated with falciparum malaria. Cerebral malaria is one of the most dreaded complications. A significant number of survivors are left with disabling neurological sequelae, most of which are self-limiting. Neurological involvement is more frequent with falciparum malaria because of its unique characteristics leading to micro-vascular involvement. Methods: Present study was conducted at department of General Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla (Odisha). This observational study included in total 110 patients, who were confirmed cases of falciparum malaria. Clinical profile including detailed neurological examination with relevant investigations was done. Spectrum of neuropsychiatric manifestations were observed. Results: Out of 110 patients male and female ratio was 1:1 (M 55 and F 55). The mean age of presentation in male was 36.09 + 14.85 yrs. and in female was 31.85 + 14.00 yrs. The major presenting symptoms were fever, headache, vomiting, altered sensorium, altered behaviour and convulsions in their decreasing order of frequency. On neurological evaluation, diminished level of consciousness was found in 56.4% cases. 14% cases had GCS score ≤ 7 and 63% had GCS score ≥ 11. Convulsion was found in 31% cases, cranial neuropathy in 10.9%, cerebellar dysfunction in 12.7%, neck rigidity in 22.7%, speech abnormality in 3.6%, peripheral neuropathy in 8.2%, fundoscopic changes suggestive of retinal involvement in 44.5% cases. Atypical manifestation like; Intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, cortical venous sinus thrombosis were also found in few cases. 32.72% patients had Neuropsychiatric manifestations at discharge in the form of focal neurological deficits, psychosis, depression, speech disorder, memory loss, cerebellar abnormality & peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions: Neurological manifestations in falciparum malaria patients are common and encompass a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. In an endemic area, falciparum malaria should be kept as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with atypical neurological manifestations.
Entropic trade-off relations for quantum operations

Spectral properties of an arbitrary matrix can be characterized by the entropy of its rescaled singular values. Any quantum operation can be described by the associated dynamical matrix or by the corresponding superoperator. The entropy of the dynamical matrix describes the degree of decoherence introduced by the map, while the entropy of the superoperator characterizes the a priori knowledge of the receiver of the outcome of a quantum channel Phi. We prove that for any map acting on a N--dimensional quantum system the sum of both entropies is not smaller than ln N. For any bistochastic map this lower bound reads 2 ln N. We investigate also the corresponding R\'enyi entropies, providing an upper bound for their sum and analyze entanglement of the bi-partite quantum state associated with the channel.
Fractal Transition Steps to Fractal Stages: The Dynamics of Evolution, II

Successful applications of hierarchical complexity to the behaviors of organisms, animals and humans, and social entities evidence the scaling properties of self-similarity, thus the bounded fractal characteristics of orders of hierarchical complexity. The theory specifies an identical sequence of discrete-state transition steps required from each stage of performance to the next. It repeats at all scales. Tasks nested within the step sequence evidence self-similarity with the orders of complexity. This model introduces questions about noise categories when system tasks are fully accounted for, dependent, self-similar, and measurable. Ubiquitous transition steps are inherent dynamics of evolution.
Food Abundance Is theMain Determinant of High-Altitude Range Use in Snub-NosedMonkeys

1 School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia 2 College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China 3 Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 4 College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Crowdsourced Street-Level Imagery as a Potential Source of In-Situ Data for Crop Monitoring

New approaches to collect in-situ data are needed to complement the high spatial (10 m) and temporal (5 d) resolution of Copernicus Sentinel satellite observations. Making sense of Sentinel observations requires high quality and timely in-situ data for training and validation. Classical ground truth collection is expensive, lacks scale, fails to exploit opportunities for automation, and is prone to sampling error. Here we evaluate the potential contribution of opportunistically exploiting crowdsourced street-level imagery to collect massive high-quality in-situ data in the context of crop monitoring. This study assesses this potential by answering two questions: (1) what is the spatial availability of these images across the European Union (EU), and (2) can these images be transformed to useful data? To answer the first question, we evaluated the EU availability of street-level images on Mapillary—the largest open-access platform for such images—against the Land Use and land Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS) 2018, a systematic surveyed sampling of 337,031 points. For 37.78% of the LUCAS points a crowdsourced image is available within a 2 km buffer, with a mean distance of 816.11 m. We estimate that 9.44% of the EU territory has a crowdsourced image within 300 m from a LUCAS point, illustrating the huge potential of crowdsourcing as a complementary sampling tool. After artificial and built up (63.14%), and inland water (43.67%) land cover classes, arable land has the highest availability at 40.78%. To answer the second question, we focus on identifying crops at parcel level using all 13.6 million Mapillary images collected in the Netherlands. Only 1.9% of the contributors generated 75.15% of the images. A procedure was developed to select and harvest the pictures potentially best suited to identify crops using the geometries of 785,710 Dutch parcels and the pictures’ meta-data such as camera orientation and focal length. Availability of crowdsourced imagery looking at parcels was assessed for eight different crop groups with the 2017 parcel level declarations. Parcel revisits during the growing season allowed to track crop growth. Examples illustrate the capacity to recognize crops and their phenological development on crowdsourced street-level imagery. Consecutive images taken during the same capture track allow selecting the image with the best unobstructed view. In the future, dedicated crop capture tasks can improve image quality and expand coverage in rural areas.
Potential of Elephant Grass for Pulp Production

Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) (EG) is a fast-growing plant with high biomass productivity in the range of 30-45 bone dry t/ha/yr. This high productivity qualifies EG as a potential raw material for bleached pulp production. This study evaluated elephant grass as a raw material for paper pulp production. This was accomplished through determining its full chemical and morphological characterization, pulpability at kappa numbers 15 and 20 via the kraft and soda-AQ processes, and its pulp bleachability to 90% ISO brightness. The results were compared with those of a commercial hybrid eucalyptus wood clone (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis) (EUCA) that is widely planted in Brazil. Concerning its chemical composition, the elephant grass presented a high ash (60,100 mg/kg) and total extractives content (14.8%). However, the elephant grass showed good potential for pulp production. The kraft process was the ideal cooking process at kappa number 20, producing the highest screened yield (47.9%), bleachability (0.163 Δkappa/TAC), and good viscosity (812 dm3/kg). For EUCA, the ideal cooking process was the kraft process at kappa number 20, resulting in a screened yield of 52%, bleachability of 0.217 Δkappa/TAC, and final viscosity of 886 dm3/kg. This high productivity qualifies EG as a potential raw material for bleached pulp production.
Calculus of Variations On the long-time behavior of some mathematical models for nematic liquid crystals

A model describing the evolution of a liquid crystal substance in the nematic phase is investigated in terms of two basic state variables: the velocity field u and the director field d, representing the preferred orientation of molecules in a neighborhood of any point in a reference domain. After recalling a known existence result, we investigate the longtime behavior of weak solutions. In particular, we show that any solution trajectory admits a non-empty ω-limit set containing only stationary solutions. Moreover, we give a number of sufficient conditions in order that the ω-limit set contains a single point. Our approach improves and generalizes existing results on the same problem. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 35B40 · 35K45 · 76A15 Communicated by J. Ball. H. Petzeltová Institute of Mathematics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Žitná 25, 115 67, Praha 1, Czech Republic e-mail: petzelt@math.cas. cz E. Rocca (B) Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Milano, Via Saldini 50, 20133, Milano, Italy e-mail: elisabetta.rocca@unimi.it G. Schimperna Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata, 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy e-mail: giusch04@unipv.it
Evaluation of equine electroretinographic responses by using two different electrodes and four different Alpha-2 agonist sedatives*

Rosa M. , Botteon P.T. L. , Pereira J.S. , Brooks D.E. & Rosa M.V. D. Evaluation of equine electroretinographic responses by using two different electrodes and four different Alpha-2 agonist sedatives. (Avaliacao da res- posta eletroretinografica de equinos utilizando dois tipos de eletrodos quatro sedativos Alfa-2 agonistas diferentes.) Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 36(4):367-374, 2014. Centro de Pesquisa em Oftalmologia Veterinaria (CEPOV), Avenida das Americas, 700, Bloco 8, Loja 103J, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22640-100, Brasil. E-mail: marcmax@globo.com The aim of this study was the evaluation and comparison of field electrore - tinographic responses in standing horses using two different active electrodes (DTL- plus™ and ERG-jet ® ), and four different alpha-2 agonist drugs Xylazine, Romifidine, Detomidine, Medetomidine. Forty healthy horses were evaluated by full field ERG. Horses were randomly allocated into eight groups according four sedative drugs and two electrodes types. In all groups a- and b- wave amplitudes and implicit times were investigated and compared for both eyes. Quality and costs of sedation drugs were estimated. This research leaded to the conclusion that there were no significant differences of a- and b-wave complex results betwe - en ERG-jet ® and DTL-plus™ electrodes with any sedative type. The ERG-jet ® lens proved to be more practical during the examination than the DTL-plus™ electro- de. The use of a single dose of xylazine, romifidine, detomidine or medetomidine was sufficient to provide a good level of sedation and muscle relaxation during the ERG examination, although detomidine and medetomidine gave slightly su- perior results when compared with the otherdrugs in this study. The sedation with xylazine was the least when compared with the other drugs and it was also the cheapest to use. Any of the sedatives and either active electrode tested in this study should permit a good full field ERG evaluation in standing horses.
A Quality Approach to Masters Education Using an Australian Case Study -- A Reflection

By the start of 2015 all University courses in Australia were required to be compliant with the new the Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF). Quality in higher education seeks to achieve three goals - quality of design, quality of conformance and quality of performance. This paper brings together a number of higher education principles such as double loop learning, team teaching and heutagogy in order to satisfy these quality requirements. A pilot program was established to satisfy the changes to the Australian regulatory framework for tertiary education. The paper streamlines integrated ways to bring these aspects together that have not previously been identified in higher education publications. The specific focus is for an MBA course delivered in an Australian regional university. The result is a reflection of the application of the newly devised quality principled based heutagogical double loop learning cycle. The model can assist educational administrators and course developers to facilitate students in becoming independent lifelong self-motivated capable learners while at the same time ensuring the quality assurance principles are met.
Crime and European labour market policy

In this paper we investigate the effects of labour market policy on several types of criminal offences for fifteen European countries. The main results are the following: Firstly, the results change markedly if we control for unobserved heterogeneity. In the context of criminal offences the estimates seem to be reliable only if we apply fixed effects instead of simple pool specifications. Secondly, the effects of labour market policy vary considerably with respect to the different types of criminal offences and cannot be subdivided into unambiguous effects on property crimes and violent crimes, respectively. Thirdly, the proxy variables for labour market policy we consider have different importance with respect to their effect on criminal offences. Benefit replacement rate, benefit duration, and average years of schooling seem to be important, whereas active labour market policy appears not to be linked to crime. The combination of a shorter benefit duration and higher replacement rate, like in the Nordic countries, seems to be a 'crime reducing' combination.
How Parenting Style Influences Children: A Review of Controlling, Guiding, and Permitting Parenting Styles on Children’s Behavior, Risk- Taking, Mental Health, and Academic Achievement

Recommended Citation Merlin, Clare; Okerson, Justine Rebecca; and Hess, Phillip (2013) "How Parenting Style Influences Children: A Review of Controlling, Guiding, and Permitting Parenting Styles on Children’s Behavior, RiskTaking, Mental Health, and Academic Achievement," The William & Mary Educational Review: Vol. 2 : Iss. 1 , Article 14. Available at: https://scholarworks.wm. edu/wmer/vol2/iss1/14
Diversity and Metabolic Potential of the Dominant Culturable N 2 -Fixing and P-Solubilising Bacteria from Tea ( Camellia sinensis L.) Rhizosphere

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity of cultivable N 2 -fixing and P-solubilizing bacteria originated from 167 rhizospheric acidic soils samples of tea. Based on the fatty acid methyl ester profiles, 34 bacterial genera were identified with a similarity index of >0.3, but 69.2% of the identified isolates belonged to five genera: Bacillus, Pseudomonas , Paenibacillus, Stenotrophomonas and Arthrobacter . Among the 263 bacterial strains, 213 strains exhibited N 2 -fixing activity and 159 were efficient in phosphate solubilisation; 134 strains were efficient in N 2 -fixation and P-solubilisation. Most of the N 2 -fixing and P-solubilizing bacteria isolated were Gram-positive (59.3 and 52.8%), and Gram-negative constituted only 40.7 and 47.2%. A total of 102 dominant strains were characterized by carbon sources using BIOLOG M GN2 and GP2 plates. B. pumilus , B. subtilis , B. licheniformis , B. laevolacticus , P. fluorescens , P. putida , S. maltophilia and B. megaterium were the most frequent P-solubilizing and N 2 -fixing species in the tea rhizosphere soils. Utilization of high variety of C-sources by the N 2 -fixing and P-solubilizing acid tolerant strains may play an important role in adapting to a variety of crop plants, and thus potentially beneficial to the growth of tea plants in that specific acidic ecosystem.
Interindividual variations in fruit preferences of the yellow-shouldered bat Sturnira lilium (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a cafeteria experiment

Abstract In studies on frugivory and seed dispersal, it is frequently assumed that individual frugivores of the same population behave as equivalents. However, there is growing evidence from dietary studies pointing out that, in many natural populations, individuals use different subsets of the total resource pool. As heterogeneity in foraging behavior and food selection may affect the outcome of the seed dispersal process, we tested whether yellow-shouldered bats Sturnira lilium (E. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1810), the key neotropical seed dispersers, show interindividual variations in fruit preferences. Thirty individuals were submitted to cafeteria trials in a flight tent, when they were offered fruits of Solanum variabile Mart. (Solanaceae) Cecropia pachystachya Trec. (Urticaceae), and Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae), which belong to the favorite genera consumed by S. lilium. Although S. variabile had the highest consumption rates on average, there were variations among individuals in the fruits consumed in the second and third places. These findings, together with interindividual differences in foraging areas observed in the same population, may be interpreted as preliminary evidence of individual specialization. As a possible consequence, frugivorous bats of the same population, despite being all legitimate dispersers, may differ in their efficiency.
Grey correlation analysis of F3 generation’s main agronomic traits and yield in adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)

In order to explore the relationship between main agronomic traits and yield of adzuki bean, 14 major agronomic traits of F 3 generation were analyzed with the grey correlation analysis and principal coordinate analysis methods. The results showed that seed number per plant, pod number per plant, effective branch position, and plant height have a large coefficient of variation and a high potential of selection. These have a great correlation degree with yield. and should be a primary objective of selection, and for breeding a new bean varieties.
Mechanism Governing the Size Change of Tropical Cyclone-Like Vortices

To understand the basic mechanism governing the size evolution of tropical cyclones (TCs), we systematically perform numerical experiments using the primitive equation system on an f-plane. A simplified, TC-like vortex is initially given and an external forcing mimicking cumulus heating is applied to an annular region at a prescribed distance from the vortex center. Moist process and surface friction are excluded for simplification. We focus on the sensitivity of size evolution to the location of the forcing. The vortex size is defined as the radius of 15 m s–1 lowest-level wind speed (R15). The evolution of R15 depends on the forcing location, and its dependence can be understood by considering radial transport of the absolute angular momentum (AAM) at R15 due to the heat-induced secondary circulation (SC), whose structure is governed by the distribution of inertial stability. When the forcing is applied to the outer part of a vortex but still inside R15, where inertial stability is weak, the SC extends to the outside of R15 and carries AAM inward. Thus, R15 increases. Conversely, when the forcing is applied near the center of the vortex, where inertial stability is strong, the SC closes inside R15 and R15 hardly increases. These results indicate that extension of the heat-induced SC to the outside of R15 is important for the evolution of the vortex size. Moreover, the further beyond R15 the SC extends, the more the vortex size increases. This relationship is consistent with the result of the parcel trajectory analysis; the larger the extent of SC, the longer distances the parcels cover, conserving larger AAM. Finally, when the forcing is applied to the outside of R15, smaller AAM is carried outward by the SC on the inward side of the heating location, resulting in the decrease of R15.
Development and Validation of a Brief Assessment of Preschoolers’ Articulation

Objective: The Houston Sentence Repetition Test of Articulation (HSRTA) was developed as a screener and brief outcome measure of articulation abilities of 3- to 5-year-old children. The HSRTA employs a sentence repetition task, which theoretically combines all of the advantages of the traditional citation method of assessing articulation with many of the advantages of the continuous speech method. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the new measure. Methods: A sample of 175 children was assessed twice, with approximately five months between assessment waves. The sample was ethnically diverse and ranged in age from 2 years and 11 months to 5 years and 4 months (mean age=4 years 6 months, SD=5 months). At each wave, children were administered the HSRTA and standardized tests of speech, language, and memory. Results: The HSRTA demonstrated good internal consistency at both assessment waves (alphas=.84 and .86, respectively). Similarly, factor analysis clearly indicated it indexed a single latent ability. The HSRTA demonstrated moderate stability across the five month time span (r=.57, p<.0001). The new measure demonstrated convergent validity with a standardized articulation test (rs=.71 and .68, ps<.0001) and discriminant validity with standardized vocabulary and auditory memory tests (rs from -.32 to -.47). The HSRTA demonstrated internal consistencies and test-retest reliabilities that were equivalent to those of a standardized, norm referenced test of articulation, but the HSRTA was more sensitive to the effects of time (F[1,160]=11.26, p<.01). Conclusion: Psychometric analyses indicated that the new measure is a reliable, valid, and sensitive tool for assessing individual differences in articulation skills among 3- to 5-year-old children. Collectively, results indicate the HSRTA surpasses minimum standards for a screener and brief outcome measure. Potential uses for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
α-Synuclein Transgenic Drosophila As aModel of Parkinson ’ s Disease and Related

α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a major component of protein inclusions known as Lewy bodies, which are hallmarks of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). The α-Syn gene is one of the familial PD-causing genes and is also associated with an increased risk of sporadic PD. Numerous studies using α-Syn expressing transgenic animals have indicated that α-Syn plays a critical role in the common pathogenesis of synucleinopathies. Drosophila melanogaster has several advantages for modeling human neurodegenerative diseases and is widely used for studying their pathomechanisms and therapies. In fact, Drosophila models expressing α-Syn have already been established and proven to replicate several features of human PD. In this paper, we review the current research on synucleinopathies using α-Syn Drosophila models and, moreover, explore the possibilities of these models for comprehensive genetic analyses and large-scale drug screening towards elucidating the molecular pathogenesis and developing therapies for synucleinopathies.