Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VLT-CRIRES SURVEY OF ROVIBRATIONAL CO EMISSION FROM PROTOPLANETARY DISKS

We present a large, comprehensive survey of rovibrational CO line emission at 4.7 μm from 69 protoplanetary disks, obtained with CRIRES on the ESO Very Large Telescope at the highest available spectral resolving power (R = 95,000, Δv = 3.2 km s−1). The CO fundamental band (Δv = 1) is a well-known tracer of warm gas in the inner, planet-forming regions of gas-rich disks around young stars, with the lines formed in the super-heated surfaces of the disks at radii of 0.1–10 AU. Consistent with earlier studies, the presence of 100–1000 K CO is found to be ubiquitous around young stars which still retain disks. Our high spectral resolution data provide new insight into the kinematics of the inner disk gas. The observed line profiles are complex and reveal several different components. Pure double-peaked Keplerian profiles are surprisingly uncommon in our sample, beyond the frequency expected based on disk inclination. The majority of the profiles are consistent with emission from a disk plus a slow (few km s−1) molecular disk wind. This is evidenced by analysis of different classes as well as an overall tendency for line profiles to have excess emission on their blue side. The data support the notion that thermal molecular winds are common for young disks. Thanks to the high spectral resolution, narrow absorption lines and weak emission lines from isotopologues and from vibrationally excited levels are readily detected. In general, 13CO lines trace cooler gas than the bulk 12CO emission and may arise from further out in the disk, as indicated by narrower line profiles. A high fraction of the sources show vibrationally excited emission (∼50%) which is correlated with accretion luminosity, consistent with ultraviolet fluorescent excitation. Disks around early-type Herbig AeBe stars have narrower line profiles, on average, than their lower-mass late-type counterparts, due to their increased luminosity. Evolutionary changes in CO are also seen. Removal of the protostellar envelope between class I and II results in the disappearance of the strong absorption lines and CO ice feature characteristic of class I spectra. However, CO emission from class I and II objects are similar in detection frequency, excitation, and line shape, indicating that inner disk characteristics are established early.
DOES INDUSTRIAL CONCENTRATION RAISE PRODUCTIVITY IN FOOD INDUSTRIES

This manuscript investigates the productivity-industrial concentration relationship in U.S. food industries. We identify a critical level of industrial concentration beyond which its relationship with productivity growth becomes negative. The welfare effects of an increase in concentration - productivity growth and deadweight loss- are computed. Welfare loss from increasing concentration is substantially offset by gains from productivity growth.
What could be achieved with greater public hospital autonomy? Comparison of public and PNFP hospitals in Uganda

The policy of hospital autonomy has been discussed for some time in Uganda. There is little evidence from Uganda or elsewhere that increased autonomy will improve hospital performance. This article compares the performance of three private not-for-profit (PNFP) and public hospital pairs to address this question. PNFP and public hospitals have similar management structures but PNFP hospitals had better trained managers and a church affiliated chair in the hospital management committee. Both types have problems with personnel management but these appear more pronounced in public hospitals. Drug supply management appears better in PNFP hospitals. Overall, workloads are similar, but analysis of patterns of utilisation and prices across services suggest that patient choice of facilities is influenced by relative price levels, and that willingness to pay is higher for PNFP services. PNFP hospitals are more successful at generating revenue. There are no clear differences in efficiency between PNFP and public hospitals but there is some evidence of higher quality levels in PNFP hospitals. PNFP hospitals' performance is plausibly related to three areas of managerial autonomy. First, better management of drug supply is facilitated by their freedom to purchase drugs from the open market. Second, greater success with personnel management is plausibly related to their greater autonomy over staffing. Third, higher levels of cost recovery are enabled by their freedom to set fees. However, differences in accountability and competence of hospital management, and population willingness to pay for services may also help to explain differences. Further, the use of PNFP financing strategy by public hospitals has implications for universal access to hospital services. Although there appear to be potential advantages from greater public hospital autonomy, the Ugandan government should ensure it has developed strategies to enhance public hospital management and to protect access to public hospitals before advancing further with hospital autonomy policy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chronology of Early Neolithic materials from Sakhtysh IIa (Central Russia)

The Upper Volga culture (UVC) in the Volga and Oka basin is one of the earliest pottery cultures in Eastern Europe. The Sakhtysh IIa site is attributed to the core area of the UVC, with pottery encompassing all stages of this culture. A detailed analysis of artefact deposition in different layers allows the creation of chronological models of early pottery development in this region. A series of new radiocarbon dates of food crust on pottery sherds which typologically belong to different stages of UVC at Sakhtysh IIa, as well as an overview of the oldest pottery are presented in this article. IZVLE∞EK – Kultura zgornje Volge (UVC) ob rekah Volga in Oka je ena najstarej∏ih kultur z lon≠enino v vzhodni Evropi. Najdi∏≠e Sakhtysh IIa se nahaja v osrednjem obmo≠ju njene razprostranjenosti in vsebuje kerami≠ne najdbe iz vseh stopenj kulture UVC. Z natan≠no analizo pozicije najdb v razli≠nih plasteh smo izdelali kronolo∏ki model za razvoj najstarej∏e lon≠enine v regiji. V ≠lanku predstavljamo pregled najstarej∏e keramike ter serijo novih radiokarbonskih datumov, pridobljenih iz zoglenelih ostankov hrane na kerami≠nih ≠repinjah iz najdi∏≠a Sakhtysh IIa, ki jih lahko tipolo∏ko umestimo v razli≠ne stopnje kulture UVC.
The central role of T-cell memory in Alzheimer’s disease vaccination

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative brain disease as well as the most common dementia among the elderly. In the future as the average lifespan continues to extend, the number of AD patients will continue to grow. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, in both soluble oligomeric, and insoluble forms, are key in the neuropathogenesis of AD and have thus been a therapeutic target for vaccines. Multiple Aβ vaccination strategies in animal models of AD have demonstrated a marked reduction in both amyloid burden and neurocognitive deficits. Due to the success of these studies, initial human clinical trials of an active Aβ vaccine were conducted. These were discontinued due to the development of meningoencephalitis in approximately 6% of the vaccinated AD patients. Studies examining the brains of Aβ-vaccinated patients developing meningoencephalitis implicate Aβ-reactive T-cell subsets as major components of this deleterious response to active Aβ vaccination. To subvert possible meningoencephalitis resulting from Aβ vaccination second generation of vaccines has been more recently developed. These however have met with little success in humans. To build on these findings, an understanding of the role of T-cells in vaccination against Aβ is presented in this review. Various methods of Aβ immunotherapy are reviewed including studies in both animal models and humans. Recent works suggest that Aβ-derived peptides delivered intranasally or transcutaneously results in effective clearance of Aβ plaques and improvement of cognitive function in animal models of AD. Moreover, undesired T-cell reactivity appeared to be considerably reduced compared with other active immunization strategies. In spite of the past clinical studies, these findings imply that Aβ vaccination may be both efficacious and safe depending route of delivery, adjuvant choice, and Aβ epitope administered.
Trace Mineral Content of Conventional and Free-range Broiler Chickens Analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The study is intended to explore the effects of different feeding modes on the trace elements in Chinese local chicken breast meat and leg meat. The experiment was conducted with the adoption of 600 San Huang chicks after a 21-day brooding and then 500 healthy breeding chickens in close weight were randomly assigned to two processing modes, that is, indoor floor and free-range, with 10 replicates per system and each of them contains 25 chickens. On the sixty-third day of breeding, 20 chickens were randomly selected from two different feeding modes, slaughtered after corona, carcass dissected after cooling with a viewing to collecting the samples of chest muscle and leg muscle. Then the method of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is applied to determine in samples the contents of zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, iron, chromium, lead, cadmium and mercury. The results showed that the free-range breeding way is more favourable as the contents of zinc, iron, manganese and chromium in leg meat is significantly higher than those in indoor-floor rearing system (P < 0.01), while the content of selenium in breast is also significantly higher than that of in indoor-floor rearing system (P < 0.05). Instead, the content of copper in breast in indoor-floor rearing mode is significantly higher than free-range mode (P < 0.05). However, the cadmium content (0.0016 mg/kg) in leg meat in free-range chickens is significantly higher than that indoor-floor breeding mode (0.0010 mg/kg). That is far less than the content of
Infty Editor -AMathematics Typesetting Tool with aHandwriting Interface and aGraphical Front-End to OpenXM Servers

Infty Editor : A Mathematics Typesetting Tool with a Handwriting Interface and a Graphical Front-End to OpenXM Servers (Computer Algebra : Algorithms, Implementations and Applications) Author(s) Fujimoto, Mitsushi; Kanahori, Toshihiro; Suzuki, Masakazu Citation 数理解析研究所講究録 (2003), 1335: 217-224 Issue Date 2003-07 URL http://hdl.handle. net/2433/43360 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher
Singlet molecular oxygen photosensitization upon two-photon excitation of porphyrin in aqueous solution

M. Kruk , A. Karotki , M. Drobizhev , and A. Rebane b a Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics of National Academy of Sciences, F. Skaryna Ave. 70, 220070 Minsk, Republic of Belarus E-mail: kruk@imaph.bas-net.by b Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, MT-59717-3840, USA University Health Network, Ontario Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
The Collapse Response of Sandwich Beams with Aluminium Face Sheets and a Metal Foam Core

Plastic collapse modes of simply supported and clamped sandwich beams have been investigated experimentally and theoretically, for aluminium face sheets and Alporas foam core. The effect of clamped boundary conditions is to induce axial stretching after the initial yield mechanism. Hence, face sheet ductility dictates the level of energy absorption of the beam. Numerical and analytical predictions are validated by the available experimental evidence.
Sense Marketing, Experiential Marketing, Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention

Sense marketing is focus on five senses, offering customers with pleasures or excitement. If managed well, sense marketing is able to distinguish company and product, stimulating customers' sense experiences and delivering values to customers. Product and service marketing in the past usually adapted low-price strategy and eventually leaded to battles in prices. However, time is changing, those traditional marketing techniques could not represent the main stream in this competitive new age. Experience economy arrived after knowledge economy. In the new era of experience economy, the aim of marketing demand is “creating valuable experience”. “Experience/ Experiential marketing” concept, proposed by Schmitt, has been a trend around the world. Surveying comprehensively for the past studies, sense in experiential marketing is rarely explored with its relations versus consumers' repurchase intentions. This study explored consumers of Mos Burger in Kaohsiung City and probed into how sense marketing could raise consumer loyalty to Mos Burger, and furthermore affecting repurchase intention. The purpose of this study is to explore different constructs of “sense marketing” in experiential marketing, and discovering the correlations among the variables of “customer satisfaction” and “repurchase intention” using regression model. The result proved that sense of experiential marketing is an indispensable factor, and every construct of sense marketing also showed significant correlation between consumer satisfaction and repurchase intention. Keywords: Experience Marketing, Sense Experience, Satisfaction, Repurchase Intention
RESIDUAL SHUFFLING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR DEEP SEMANTIC IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING MULTI-MODAL DATA

Abstract. In this paper, we address the deep semantic segmentation of aerial imagery based on multi-modal data. Given multi-modal data composed of true orthophotos and the corresponding Digital Surface Models (DSMs), we extract a variety of hand-crafted radiometric and geometric features which are provided separately and in different combinations as input to a modern deep learning framework. The latter is represented by a Residual Shuffling Convolutional Neural Network (RSCNN) combining the characteristics of a Residual Network with the advantages of atrous convolution and a shuffling operator to achieve a dense semantic labeling. Via performance evaluation on a benchmark dataset, we analyze the value of different feature sets for the semantic segmentation task. The derived results reveal that the use of radiometric features yields better classification results than the use of geometric features for the considered dataset. Furthermore, the consideration of data on both modalities leads to an improvement of the classification results. However, the derived results also indicate that the use of all defined features is less favorable than the use of selected features. Consequently, data representations derived via feature extraction and feature selection techniques still provide a gain if used as the basis for deep semantic segmentation.
Comparison of Digital Image Processing Techniques for Classifying Arctic Tundra

The arctic tundra vegetation classified in the study area, Toolik Lake Field Station, Alaska, was relatively small in stature (with varying species growing in clusters) and must therefore be placed in different communities. This study compared different digital image processing classification techniques, including unsupervised, supervised (using spectral and spatial features), and expert systems. The dataset was a pan-sharpened 5 × 5 meter spatial resolution SPOT image. Accuracy assessments based on field inspections of each final map were performed. The expert system classification yielded the highest overall accuracy of 74.66%, with a Kappa coefficient of agreeement of 0.6725.
A Comparison of Student Perceptions with Accepted Expectations for Business Simulations

A question often asked about business games is, do participants in business simulations obtain the educational benefits they perceive they are receiving? To investigate this, selective game participants wrote papers on the major benefits and limitations of their experiences, and these were compared with similar items found in both the academic and more popular business literature. The two groups tended to list the same advantages, however, there were significant differences in their rankings of relative importance. There was even less agreement on the disadvantages of gaming. The participants seem to view only one side of these issues while the literature often spoke of a second, more positive side.
Pigments analysis of cyanobacterial strains

The pigment variation is specific features among cyanobacteria. The main objective here is the importance of the blue green algae especially because of the pigments present in this class of algae. It is characterized by their specific phycobilin pigments, also other pigments such as chlorophylls and carotenoides are found. Phycobilins are an important group of pigments that through complementary chromatic adaptation optimize the light-harvesting process in phytoplankton cells, exhibiting great potential as cyanobacteria species biomarkers. Cellular chlorophyll concentration is one of the central physiological parameters, routinely followed in many research areas ranging from stress physiology to biotechnology. Carotenoids concentration is often related to cellular stress level; combined pigments assessment provides useful insight into cellular physiological state. So, for analysis of chlorophyll, carotenoids, phycobilins (phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin) five cyanobacterial strains viz. Anabaena variabilis, Nostoc muscorum, Aulosira fertilissima, Westelliopsis prolifica, and Tolypothrix tenuis were examined. These strains were grown in BG-11medium and their pigments content were analysed at an interval of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of incubation. Significant differences were observed among the strains with regard to these pigments. Maximum chlorophyll content was observed at 7 day of incubation whereas the other parameters were maximum at 14 day of incubation in all the cases, followed by a gradual decline. Anabaena variabilis showed maximum amount of chlorophyll and phycocyanin whereas Tolypothrix tenuis showed maximum amount of carotenoids, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin.
Influence of olive processing on virgin olive oil quality

Virgin olive oil quality depends on different factors such as olive cultivar, olive tree cultivation and the operations of olive picking, storage and processing. Many investigations concerning these factors were carried out and, in particular, the influence of technological operations of olive processing on oil yields and quality was examined. Leafremoval and olive washing are important operations for the mechanical safety of the olive extracting equipment which operates at high speed and for the organoleptic quality of olive oil. The leaves mixed with olives may increase, in fact, the organoleptic attributes of ‘fresh-cut’ grass or ‘green’, especially if metallic crushers are used to prepare olive paste. Olive crushing has an important influence on organoleptic and nutritional qualities of virgin olive oil. When mill stones are used, the obtained oils have a lower intensity of bitterness and pungency because this crushing method helps to produce oil with a lower content of phenolic substances. When metallic crushers are used oils have, due to the violent action, a higher content of phenolic compounds and are more bitter and pungent. Olive paste malaxation influences the oil yields and also the antioxidant content of oil. With prolonged malaxation oil yields, generally, increase while the phenol content of oils decreases. When ‘difficult’ olive pastes are processed, it is possible to increase oil yields by using technological co-adjuvants such as talc and enzymatic products during the malaxation. The separation of oil from solid and liquid phases of olive paste is performed by using either pressure, percolation or centrifugation systems. All systems may provide good-quality oil if olive fruits are sound and at the correct ripeness, but the centrifugation system helps to avoid or reduce the risk of an organoleptic contamination. The new centrifugal decanters, operating without adding water (or only a minimal amount of water) to olive paste, save heat energy and the oils obtained are more fruity and have a higher content of natural phenolic antioxidants.
Assessment by Pupils, Teachers and Parents of School Coexistence Problems in Spain, France, Austria and Hungary: Global Psychometric Data

The aim of the present study was to analyze school coexistence in different European countries. A total of 2,196 pupils, teachers and parents from Spain, France, Austria and Hungary participated by filling out a school coexistence questionnaire, translated into the corresponding languages. The results obtained indicate a greater prevalence of school conflict in France and Austria, being lower in Spain and lower still in Hungary. It is also found that teachers’ perception of coexistence problems is different from that of pupils. Teachers perceive as more frequent “serious” problems of coexistence (related to drug abuse, presence of aggressive objects or intercultural problems), while pupils score as more frequent “milder” coexistence problems. The results also indicate a differentiation between two types of conflict as important aspects of coexistence: on the one hand, conflicts involving aggression; and on the other, general apathy and disaffection at the school.
The Effect of Tactical Tasks and Gear on Muscle Activation of SWAT Officers

Abstract Keeler, JM, Pohl, MB, Bergstrom, HC, Thomas, JM, and Abel, MG. The effect of tactical tasks and gear on muscle activation of SWAT officers. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 238–244, 2022—Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) officers perform a variety of tactical operations while wearing tactical gear. Load carriage has been shown to alter muscle activation in the torso and is also associated with lower back pain, which is a prevalent musculoskeletal injury suffered by SWAT Officers. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of tactical gear on muscle activation of torso musculature while performing occupational tasks. Twenty male SWAT Officers (age: 34.7 ± 4.5 years; height: 1.79 ± 0.1 m; body mass: 91.5 ± 17.3 kg) performed 4 tasks (standing, rifle walk, sitting, and shield walk) with and without gear (mass of gear: 13.8 ± 1.9 kg). Mean electromyographic amplitude was evaluated bilaterally for the erector spinae, rectus abdominis, and external oblique muscles during the trials and expressed relative to maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Addition of gear significantly increased erector spinae mean muscle activation during the rifle walk task (mean delta: +0.16%). However, no differences in muscle activation were identified for any other muscles between gear conditions (effect size ≤ 0.15). The shield walk produced the highest mean activation for each muscle during different tasks. The dynamic tasks yielded (0.24–4.18% MVIC) greater muscle activation levels than sitting and standing tasks. Despite minimal increases in muscle activation levels with the addition of gear, load carriage is known to increase the risk of acute and chronic injury. Collectively, these findings indicate that SWAT Officers should perform most skills without gear during tactical training to simulate task-specific movement patterns but reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury.
Situational Flexibility of In-Group-Related Attitudes: A Single Category IAT Study of People with Dual National Identity

An experiment was conducted to examine the situational flexibility of in-group-related attitudes at the implicit and explicit level. Seventy-one men and women with dual, Turkish-German, national identities were asked to think about positive aspects of either their German or their Turkish identity. Later, attitudes toward Germans and Turks were assessed using a single category implicit association test (SC-IAT) and self-report scales. Results showed that attitudes toward Turks were generally more positive than attitudes toward Germans, that SC-IAT scores reflecting attitudes toward Turks and Germans were unrelated, and that the identity priming affected men's, but not women's, SC-IAT scores. This finding is discussed in terms of men's greater flexibility in national identification. Explicit attitude measures were largely unaffected by the priming.