Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Preliminary Effects of Massage and Inhalation Aromatherapy on Chemotherapy-Induced Acute Nausea and Vomiting: A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Background: Despite pharmacological treatment, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are observed in patients. Objective: This quasi-randomized controlled pilot study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary effects of massage and inhalation aromatherapies on chemotherapy-induced acute nausea/vomiting. Methods: Seventy-five patients with breast cancer were randomly grouped into 1 of 3 groups: massage (n = 25), inhalation (n = 25), and control (n = 25). The patients in the massage group received 20-minute aromatherapy foot massage, whereas those in the inhalation group received 3-minute inhalation aromatherapy before their second, third, and fourth chemotherapy cycles. The control group underwent only the routine treatment. A nausea, vomiting, and retching patient follow-up form was used to evaluate nausea severity by visual analog scale and frequency of vomiting and retching. Results: The incidence of nausea and retching was significantly higher in the control group than in the other groups in the third and fourth chemotherapy cycles (P < .001). Furthermore, in these 2 cycles, the incidence of nausea and retching was significantly lower in the massage group than in the inhalation group (P < .001). Nausea severity was significantly lower among patients in the massage and inhalation groups than in the control group in all 3 cycles (P < .001). Conclusion: Nausea severity was significantly lower in the massage and inhalation aromatherapy groups than in the control group. Nausea and retching incidence was reduced in the aromatherapy groups compared with that in the control group. Implications for Practice: Nonpharmacological approaches are recommended for managing CINV. Massage and inhalation aromatherapy seems promising regarding the management of CINV.
A Simplified Method for Bactericidal Assay of Natural Antibodies Against Gram-negative Bacteria

Summary A bactericidal assay for antibodies against smooth strains of enterobacteria has been described which differs from earlier versions in several aspects. Precolostral calf serum was utilized as a “natural”source of complement lacking certain antibodies. The inoculum size was reduced to 102 cells. Expedient and more direct means were devised for determining the results of the interaction of complement test serum (antibodies) and bacteria. These changes made possible a great economy of effort without sacrifice of sensitivity and precision.
Genetic differences in immune reactivity to mercuric chloride (HgCl2): immunosuppression of H‐2d mice is mediated by interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ)

Upon treatment with HgCl2, H–2s mice, such as B10.S, develop an activation of B lymphocytes that depends, at least partially, on activation of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and results in increased serum levels of IgG1 and IgE, appearance of IgG autoantibodies, and development of immune glomerulonephritis and vasculitis. Results of previous studies and of experiments presented here indicate that the B cell activation and systemic autoimmune disease fail to develop in MHC‐congenic B10.D2 (H‐2d) and B10.BR (H–2k) mice treated with HgCl2, although B10.D2 T cells showed signs of activation by and specificity for HgCl2 comparable to those seen in strain B10.S. Here, we report that following HgCl2 injections the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes is normal in B10.S, but suppressed in B10.D2 mice. This suppression was prevented by MoAb to mouse IFN‐γ. Conversely, treatment of B10.D2 mice with murine recombinant IFN‐γ (rIFN‐γ) was able to reproduce the immunosuppression seen after HgCl2 treatment. In B10.S mice, it took administration of both rIFN‐γ and HgCl2 to suppress the anti‐sheep erythrocyte response. Although rIFN‐γ diminished the increase in IgE serum levels of HgCl2‐treated B10.S mice, it failed to prevent their autoantibody production and immune glomerulonephritis. These findings further strengthen the concept that B10.S mice react to HgCl2 by preferential activation of their Th2 cells producing IL‐4, whereas B10.D2 mice react to HgCl2 by preferential activation of their Th1 cells, which produce IFN‐γ and thus suppress antibody responses.
Complex Distribution, Not Absolute Amount of Adiponectin, Correlates with Thiazolidinedione-mediated Improvement in Insulin Sensitivity*

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific secretory protein that circulates in serum as a hexamer of relatively low molecular weight (LMW) and a larger multimeric structure of high molecular weight (HMW). Serum levels of the protein correlate with systemic insulin sensitivity. The full-length protein affects hepatic gluconeogenesis through improved insulin sensitivity, and a proteolytic fragment of adiponectin stimulates β oxidation in muscle. Here, we show that the ratio, and not the absolute amounts, between these two oligomeric forms (HMW to LMW) is critical in determining insulin sensitivity. We define a new index, SA, that can be calculated as the ratio of HMW/(HMW + LMW). db/db mice, despite similar total adiponectin levels, display decreased SA values compared with wild type littermates, as do type II diabetic patients compared with insulin-sensitive individuals. Furthermore, SA improves with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist treatment (thiazolidinedione; TZD) in mice and humans. We demonstrate that changes in SA in a number of type 2 diabetic cohorts serve as a quantitative indicator of improvements in insulin sensitivity obtained during TZD treatment, whereas changes in total serum adiponectin levels do not correlate well at the individual level. Acute alterations in SA (ΔSA) are strongly correlated with improvements in hepatic insulin sensitivity and are less relevant as an indicator of improved muscle insulin sensitivity in response to TZD treatment, further underscoring the conclusions from previous clamp studies that suggested that the liver is the primary site of action for the full-length protein. These observations suggest that the HMW adiponectin complex is the active form of this protein, which we directly demonstrate in vivo by its ability to depress serum glucose levels in a dose-dependent manner.
γδT cells in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Higher Percentages of Synovial Vδ1+ and Vγ9+ T Cell Subsets Are Associated with Milder Disease

Objective. To analyze γδT cell subsets in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and to correlate γδT cell subsets with clinical characteristics. Methods. γδT cell subsets as percentages of CD3+ T cells in samples of PB (n = 25) and SF (n = 93) were analyzed by flow cytometry in 93 JIA patients. The percentage of Vγ9+ γδT cells after 10 days of in vitro expansion with either interleukin 2 (IL-2) or isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) plus IL-2 was determined. Results. Both Vδ1+ and Vγ9+ γδT cell subsets were detected in SF of all patients, but only the percentage of Vδ1+ cells was higher in SF compared to PB (p < 0.01). The distribution of γδT cell subsets was similar in different JIA subgroups, whereas antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive patients had a higher percentage of SF Vδ1+ T cells than ANA-negative patients (p < 0.01). The percentage of SF Vδ1+ T cells was inversely associated with age at onset, recurrence of synovitis, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate; and that of SF Vγ9+ T cells was inversely correlated with age at onset and was higher in patients who recovered from disease (n = 15). IPP-induced expansion of SF Vγ9+ T cells correlated with disease remission, whereas the expansion of SF Vγ9+ T cells in media with IL-2 alone was significantly greater in patients with uveitis. Conclusion. The percentage of Vδ1+ and Vγ9+ γδT cells among the SF T cells and their ability to respond to IPP or IL-2 correlated with specific outcomes of JIA, suggesting their role in the immunopathogenesis of this disease.
Fluorescent Tagging of Herpes Simplex Virus Tegument Protein VP13/14 in Virus Infection

ABSTRACT The cellular site of herpesvirus tegument assembly has yet to be defined. We have previously used a recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 expressing a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged tegument protein, namely VP22, to show that VP22 is localized exclusively to the cytoplasm during infection. Here we have constructed a similar virus expressing another fluorescent tegument protein, YFP-VP13/14, and have visualized the intracellular localization of this second tegument protein in live infected cells. In contrast to VP22, VP13/14 is targeted predominantly to the nuclei of infected cells at both early and late times in infection. More specifically, YFP-13/14 localizes initially to the nuclear replication compartments and then progresses into intense punctate domains that appear at around 12 h postinfection. At even later times this intranuclear punctate fluorescence is gradually replaced by perinuclear micropunctate and membranous fluorescence. While the vast majority of YFP-13/14 seems to be targeted to the nucleus, a minor subpopulation also appears in a vesicular pattern in the cytoplasm that closely resembles the pattern previously observed for GFP-22. Moreover, at late times weak fluorescence appears at the cell periphery and in extracellular virus particles, confirming that YFP-13/14 is assembled into virions. This predominantly nuclear targeting of YFP-13/14 together with the cytoplasmic targeting of VP22 may imply that there are multiple sites of tegument protein incorporation along the virus maturation pathway. Thus, our YFP-13/14-expressing virus has revealed the complexity of the intracellular targeting of VP13/14 and provides a novel insight into the mechanism of tegument, and hence virus, assembly.
Ureidosuccinate is transported by the allantoate transport system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The regulatory characteristics exhibited by ureidosuccinate transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae led us to hypothesize that this biosynthetic intermediate was transported via the degradative allantoate transport system. The hypothesis was verified by the finding that neither dal5 nor urep1 mutant strains could transport allantoate or ureidosuccinate. Mutations in the two loci were tightly linked and failed to complement one another, suggesting that they were allelic. The use of a common transport system for accumulation of both biosynthetic and degradative metabolites explains the paradoxical characteristics observed for control of ureidosuccinate and allantoate transport.
ANALISIS PENGARUH RETURN ON EQUITY, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, CURRENT RATIO, DAN PRICE TO BOOK VALUE TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM SYARIAH (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Dalam Jakarta Islamic Index Periode 2011-2015 )

This research aims to determine the influence of variables consisting of Return On Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, and privce to Book Value of the stock return of sharia in the companies belonging to the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in the year 2007-2011. Sharia stocks are stocks in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) are corporations stocks while are in operation not contradiction with Islamic Sharia, either on the product or its management. The grouping of Sharia stocks are in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in the Jakarta Stock Exchange. This research uses secondary data obtained from the financial statements of companies belonging to the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Sampling was done by purposive sampling method, the number of samples used by 14 companies. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression method. The results of this study indicate that the Return On Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, Current Ratio and Price to Book Value simultaneously significant effect on stock returns. The results of the analysis of partial Return On Equity significant negative effect, while the Debt to Equity Ratio and Price to Book Value significant positive effect, the Current Ratio is not significant positive effect on stock returns. The results showed that 42.7% of variation variable stock returns can be explained by the variable Return On Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, Current Ratio and Price to Book Value. While 57.3% stock return variable variation explained by other factors.
Quantitative Evaluation of Passive Muscle Stiffness in Chronic Stroke

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for shear wave elastography (SWE) to measure passive biceps brachii individual muscle stiffness as a musculoskeletal manifestation of chronic stroke. DesignThis was a cross-sectional study. Nine subjects with stroke were evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer and Modified Ashworth scales. Electromyography, joint torque, and SWE of the biceps brachii were obtained during passive elbow extension in subjects with stroke and four controls. Torque values at the time points corresponding to each SWE measurement during all trials were selected for direct comparison with the respective SWE stiffness using regression analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(1,1)) were used to evaluate the reliability of expressing alterations in material properties. ResultsTorque and passive stiffness increased with elbow extension—minimally for the controls and most pronounced in the contralateral limb of those with stroke. In the stroke group, several patterns of shear moduli and torque responses to passive elbow extension were identified, with a subset of several subjects displaying a very strong torque response coupled with minimal stiffness responses (y = 2.712x + 6.676; R2 = 0.181; P = 0.0310). Values of ICC(1,1) indicate consistent muscle stiffness throughout testing for the dominant side of controls, but largely inconsistent stiffness for other study conditions. ConclusionsSWE shows promise for enhancing evaluation of skeletal muscle after stroke. The wide variability between subjects with stroke highlights the need for precise, individualized measures.
Wall shear stress gradient topography in the normal left coronary arterial tree: possible implications for atherogenesis

SUMMARY Objective: Wall shear stress gradient (WSSG) in vitro has shown its importance in atherogenesis, probably as a local modulator of endothelial gene expression.The purpose of this study is to numerically analyse the WSSG distribution over the normal human left coronary artery (LCA) tree. Research design and methods: A three-dimensional computer generated model of the LCA tree, based on an averaged human data set extracted from angiographies, was adopted for finite-element analysis. The LCA tree includes the left main coronary artery (LMCA), the left anterior descending (LAD), the left circumflex artery (LCxA) and their major branches. Results: In proximal LCA tree regions where atherosclerosis frequently occurs, low WSSG appears. At distal segments, the WSSG increases substantially due to increased velocity resulting from increased vessel tapering. Low WSSG occurs at bifurcations in regions opposite the flow dividers, which are anatomic sites predisposed for atherosclerotic development. Conclusions: This computational work determines, probably for the first time, the topography of the WSSG in the normal human LCA tree. Spatial WSSG differentiation indicates that low values of this parameter probably correlate to atherosclerosis localization. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of WSSG in atherogenesis.
Teachers’ Attitudes towards Including Students with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Mainstream School: A Systematic Research Synthesis

Previous research reviews on teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education have shown that students’ types of special educational needs influences teachers’ attitudes; these reviews have also indicated that, in terms of the inclusion of various groups, teachers are most negative about including students with behavioural problems. This article is a review of the research on teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion with regard to students who have special educational needs. It specifically identifies evidence regarding teachers’ attitudes towards the inclusion of students with emotional and behavioural difficulty (EBD). For this review, 15 studies, measuring teachers’ attitudes from 15 countries, met the inclusion criteria. The results of this synthesis confirmed that most teachers hold negative attitudes towards the inclusion of students with EBD; however, this was not true in all countries. The results also highlight specific explanations for why teachers hold negative attitudes towards including students with EBD in their classrooms. The implication of this synthesis is that teachers feel that their prerequisites for successfully including students with EBD are not being met; this impracticability is most impactful when the teachers nevertheless try to include these students. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.17. 2.3
Cerebral blood flow measurements of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries with Doppler ultrasonography in healthy adults.

PURPOSE To establish normal cerebral blood flow volume by measuring flow volume of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries using Doppler ultrasonography in healthy adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was performed with a group of 96 healthy adults aged 20 to 80 years (48 women, 48 men; mean age of all patients, 49.8 +/- 17.1). The common, external, and internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries (CCA, ECA, ICA, and VA, respectively) were examined using Doppler ultrasonography. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI), and luminal diameters of the vessels were measured, and flow volumes were calculated in all the arteries. The influence of age on these parameters was also investigated. RESULTS In the CCA, ICA, and VA, all flow velocities and flow volumes decreased significantly with an increase in age. The luminal diameters of the carotid and vertebral arteries increased significantly with aging, while there was no significant alteration in the RI. The luminal diameters of the CCA, ICA, and ECA were significantly smaller in women than in men. PSV and EDV in the ICA, and EDV in the VA were significantly higher in men. There was no gender-linked difference in flow volumes of the brain-feeding arteries, however, in the ECA flow volumes were significantly higher in women. CONCLUSION Normal cerebral blood flow volume was established by measuring the flow volume of the ECA and VA with Doppler ultrasonography in healthy adults. We believe that these data can be useful in evaluating cases with cerebrovascular disease, which are related to altered cerebral blood flow volume.
A Discourse Analysis of Ontario's Family Health Teams

Inspired by critical social work practice, this stu dy engages in a discourse analysis of Ontario’s Family Health Team (FHT) model. The p ur ose for this study is threefold; namely, a) to deepen our understanding of health di scourses promoted by Ontario’s FHT model; b) to explore how Ontario’s FHT model compar es to Haggerty, Burge, Lévesque, Gass, Pineault, Beaulieu, & Santor’s (2007) concept ual model of PHC; and c) to promote critical reflection in order to help inform decisio ns on how to improve quality of care and enhance health equity in FHTs. This study is guide d using the overarching question: What health care practices and organizational struc tu es are encouraged by the FHT model? Discourse analysis guides the investigation using G ee’s (2001a) combination of saying, doing, and being. Two data sources inform this study: MOHLTC documents and in-depth interviews with seven policy informants an d twenty-nine FHT leaders. Two key findings are presented in this dissertation: found ational PHC attributes shaping FHTs and inadequate performance indicators. Foundational PH C attributes examines and describes the four key PHC attributes that underpin the FHT m odel. These include: first-contact accessibility, accommodation accessibility, compreh ensiveness of services, and interdisciplinary team. The second key finding is inadequate performance indicators and reveals that measures being used to evaluate FHT su cce s are posing challenges to FHT health care practices, FHT structures, and health o utcomes. This study demonstrates that performance indicators are inadequate because they are: a) valuing quantity; b) volume is influencing health care practices in FHTs; c) inacc urate measurement is shaping FHT organizations, and d) the volume emphasis is encour aging acuity in health outcomes.
Adverse Events Associated with Sedatives, Analgesics, and Other Drugs That Provide Patient Comfort in the Intensive Care Unit

Since the 2002 publication of multidisciplinary clinical practice guidelines for intensive care unit (ICU) sedation and analgesia, additional information regarding adverse drug events has been reported. Our understanding of the risks associated with these sedative and analgesic agents promises to improve outcomes by helping clinicians identify and respond to therapeutic misadventures sooner. This review focuses on many issues, including the potentially fatal consequences associated with the propofol infusion syndrome, the evolving understanding of propylene glycol intoxication associated with parenteral lorazepam, new data involving high‐dose and long‐term dexmedetomidine therapy, haloperidol‐ and methadone‐related prolongation of QTc intervals on the electrocardiogram, adverse events associated with atypical antipsychotics, and the potential for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs to interfere with bone healing.
Analysis of potential porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) transmission in a whole-organ xenotransplantation model without interfering microchimerism

Abstract The question whether porcine xenografts can lead to porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) infection of recipients is critical for the evaluation of the safety of pig-to-man xenotransplantation. Unfortunately, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based analysis of potential PERV infections in nonhuman-primate whole-organ xenotransplantation models is hampered by false positive results due to chimeric porcine cells. To avoid the inherent analytical problem of xenomicrochimerism, we developed a non-life-supporting pig-to-primate kidney xenotransplantation model: porcine kidneys were transplanted, whereas the functioning recipient kidneys remained in situ. Subsequent to rejection (after 2 hours to 15 days), xenografts were removed, and recipients remained alive for up to 287 days. Immunosuppressive therapy based on cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and steroids was maintained for 28 days after transplantation. Using appropriate PCR assays, xenochimerism was found in tissue samples and partly even in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) while the porcine kidneys were in situ. After graft removal, xenochimerism was no longer detectable, thus allowing analysis for possible PERV transmission.