Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of one hundred cases of Amoebic liver abscess in a secondary care hospital of Delhi

Background: Amoebic liver abscess (ALA), which is caused by Entamoeba histolytica a protozoa is common and serious extra-intestinal manifestation of amoebiasis. ALA is prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and hygiene. It has varied clinical presentations and complications. This study highlights the recent clinical trends of ALA. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital based prospective observational study. All patients admitted from March to December 2011 with the diagnosis of ALA were included. Demographic and clinical history was recorded and the systematic examination was done to understand disease pattern. Clinical diagnosis was supported and confirmed by ultrasound abdomen and positive amoebic serology. The outcome of the patient was recorded at discharge. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. Results: Out of total 100 ALA Patients, 72% were from urban slums, 88% were uneducated and belonged to low socioeconomic status. 76% were alcoholic, 52% patients were in age group of 21–40 yrs with male preponderance (89%). Commonest presenting symptom was pain in right hypochondrium (94%)while jaundice was noticed in only 4%. Mean duration of symptoms before hospitalization was 10 days. Personal & family history was not contributory. Hepatomeagly was present in 52%. Mean TLC – 13694, Bilirubin – 1.27 mg%. Serum Alkaline Phosphatase – 698 IU. X ray showed raised right diaphragm in 50% cases. On USG Examination 7% located in left lobe of liver and 84% were more than 5 cm in size. Multiple abscesses in 21%. Amoebic Serology was positive in all patients. Mean duration of hospitalization was 7 days. Management was done with metronidazole, antibiotics and/or percutaneous aspiration. Rupture occurred in 10%. One patient died of DIC. Conclusion: ALA is a medically treatable common infection prevalent in developing countries due to lack of sanitation and hygiene . Health education and adequate sanitation are imperative in preventing amoebic infections.
Choosing to teach in the 'STEM' disciplines: Characteristics and motivations of science, ICT, and mathematics teachers

This study examines prospective “STEM” [Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics] teachers’ motivations for undertaking a teaching career and their perceptions of the teaching profession, for undergraduate and graduate teacher education entrants from three major established urban teacher provider universities in the Australian States of New South Wales and Victoria ( N =245). Motivations and perceptions were assessed using the recently developed and validated “FIT-Choice” [Factors Influencing Teaching Choice] Scale (Watt & Richardson, 2007). Differences are highlighted between males and females, and undergraduates and graduates, including switchers from previous careers. Demographic profiles for STEM teacher candidates are also provided. Findings provide important implications for enhancing the effectiveness of efforts to recruit mathematics, science, and ICT teachers.
Generic diversity and a comparative account on plant growth promoting characteristics of actinomycetes in roots and rhizosphere of Saccharum officinarum

Actinomycetes are the important group of rhizosphere and endophytic microbial community. The objective of this study is to reveal diversity of rhizosphere and root actinomycetes associated with sugarcane and their screening and comparison for plant growth promoting traits production potential. Richness and diversity of actinomycetes in both environments were calculated and found higher in rhizosphere than on roots. All endophytes (22) were identified as Streptomyces whereas rhizospheric isolates (35) were from Streptomyces, Streptosporangium, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis actinomadura and Saccharopolyspora. The 68% rhizospheric and 78% root actinomycetes produced indole-3-acetic acid ranging between 27 to 81 g ml -1 and 14 to 45 g ml -1 respectively. Ammonia production was found in 19 rhizospheric and 5 root isolates whereas HCN production was detected only among rhizospheric actinomycetes (40%). The rhizospheric isolates released significantly higher amounts of soluble phosphate and had higher antimycotic efficacy than endophytes. Hydroxymate type siderophores were produced in the range of 6.09 to 43.21 g ml -1 and 4.32 to 20.36 g ml -1 by 19 rhizospheric and 9 root actinomycetes respectively. Catechol type siderophores were detected in 9 rhizospheric and only 5 endophytic isolates. The potential rhizospheric Streptomyces-SR 23 and endophytic Streptomyces-SE 22 were further identified at molecular level as Streptomyces atrovirens and Streptomyces albus. The study highlighted the significance of actinomycetes in plant growth promotion and indicated that adaptations made by rhizosphere and root actinomycetes in their natural environments results in their differing capacities to produce plant growth promoting substances. K e y w o r d s Indole-3-acetic acid, Phosphate solubilization, Siderophores, Ammonia, Biocontrol, HCN, Actinomycetes, S. officinarum
Diameter-preserving linear bijections of function spaces

Abstract In this paper we give a complete description of diameter-preserving linear bijections on the space of affine continuous functions on a compact convex set whose extreme points are split faces. We also give a description of such maps on function algebras considered on their maximal ideal space. We formulate and prove similar results for spaces of vector-valued functions.
Efficacy of premilking and postmilking teat dipping as a control of subclinical mastitis in Egyptian Dairy cattle

In order to compare the efficiency of two common dairy herd processes for reduction of mastitis potential, 30 dairy cows (Holstein-Friesian) divided into three groups (ten cows each): the first was set as a control, the second was processed using premilking teat dipping and the third with postmilking teat dipping. Teat dipping was done using iodophore 0.5 % solution. Results showed the superiority of postmilking teat dipping procedure in most tests. The number of samples tested positive using California mastitis test were two in case of postmilking teat dipping, 5 in case of premilking teat dipping and 10 in the control group. Somatic cell count revealed also that postmilking teat dipping procedure has reduced number of positive samples in comparison to premilking teat dipping procedure. Bacteriological examination of samples revealed also the superiority of postmilking teat dipping than premilking teat dipping. Staphylococcus aureus and coliform organisms counts were reduced about 3 and 2.5 logs in case of postmilking teat dipping against about 1 and 0.5 log in case of premilking teat dipping, respectively. Streptococcus agalactiae has been isolated from 2 samples in the postmilking teat dipping group, 4 samples in the premilking teat dipping group and 6 samples in the control group. Obtained results were scientifically assessed and discussed in comparison to worldwide research reports. Ultimately, obtained results suggested the preferential priority of postmilking teat dipping procedure in controlling of subclinical mastitis in Egyptian dairy herds.
THE CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF URANYL MOLYBDATES. II. THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF IRIGINITE

The structure of synthetic iriginite, [(UO 2 )Mo 2 O 7 (H 2 O) 2 ](H 2 O), a 6.705(1), b 12.731(2), c 11.524(2) A, V 983.6(3) A 3 , Z = 4, has been refined on the basis of F 2 for all unique data collected with monochromatic Mo K α X-radiation and a CCD-based detector. The agreement factor ( R 1) was 3.5%, calculated using 532 unique observed reflections (| F o | ≥ 4σ F ), and the goodness-of-fit ( S ) was 0.92. This study indicates that iriginite crystallizes in space group Pbcm , rather than Pca 2 1 as indicated in a previous investigation. The structure contains one symmetrically distinct U 6+ cation that is strongly bonded to two atoms of O, forming a nearly linear uranyl ion ( Ur ) coordinated by five additional atoms of O arranged at the equatorial corners of pentagonal bipyramids that are capped by the O Ur atoms. The single symmetrically distinct Mo 6+ cation is in a distorted octahedral coordination involving five atoms of O and one H 2 O group. The structure consists of symmetrically identical sheets of edge-sharing Ur ϕ 5 pentagonal bipyramids and Moϕ 6 octahedra (ϕ: unspecified ligand), with composition [(UO 2 )Mo 2 O 7 (H 2 O) 2 ] 0 . The sheets are linked together via H bonds involving interlayer H 2 O groups.
Spreading and breakup of a compound drop on a partially wetting substrate

The spreading of a compound drop on a partially wetting solid substrate is numerically simulated using a diffuse-interface method. Compared with a simple drop, the spreading of a compound drop exhibits much more complex behaviour. Depending on the core–shell size ratio and the substrate wettability, various flow regimes are identified in which the interfacial morphology evolves in distinct ways. A phase diagram is constructed in the parameter space of the core–shell size ratio and the wetting angle. For relatively small inner drops, the outer interface does not rupture during the spreading and the inner drop either remains suspended and encapsulated or attaches onto the substrate. Otherwise, the compound drop spontaneously breaks up and releases the inner drop into the ambient fluid. Several breakup scenarios are observed depending on the location of the initial rupture. In some regimes, the wetting of the substrate by one fluid can entrap secondary drops of the other, which can either attach to the substrate or stay suspended. The viscosity ratio mainly affects the spreading rate and plays a minor role in the morphology evolution.
Process Analysis of Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactor for Denitrification

A mathematical model is proposed herein to describe the dynamic behavior of the denitrification process in a fluidized bed biofilm reactor. The model basically consists of the following four submodels: bioparticles fluidization, bulk liquid flow pattern, substrate conversion within biofilm and biofilm thickness development. As for intrinsic denitrification reaction, a consecutive two-step reaction kinetics with nitrite as an intermediate product is adopted. All parameters needed for simulation were experimentally determined. Verification of the model was obtained in a dynamic state using a laboratory-scale fluidized bed denitrification reactor under well defined conditions.
Reproductive performance of Kittlitz's Murrelet in a glaciated landscape, Icy Bay, Alaska, USA

ABSTRACT Kittlitz's Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a dispersed-nesting seabird endemic to Alaska and eastern Russia that may have experienced considerable population declines in some parts of its range in the past few decades. Poor reproduction has been suggested as the demographic bottleneck, yet there are no direct estimates of reproduction in a glaciated area where this species reaches its highest densities at sea during the breeding season. The lack of demographic information in glacial habitats has limited our ability to interpret population trends and to clarify whether the presence of glaciers affects reproductive performance. Between 2007 and 2012, we radio-tagged Kittlitz's Murrelets to measure breeding propensity, nesting success, and fecundity in the heavily glaciated landscape of Icy Bay, Alaska, USA. Of 156 radio-tagged birds, 20% were breeders, 68% were potential breeders, and 12% were nonbreeders. Radio-tagged males (29%) were more likely to be breeders compared to females (11%). Across all years, we located 34 Kittlitz's Murrelet nests, 38% of which were successful. Daily nest survival probability (± SE) was 0.979 ± 0.005, with most nests failing during incubation; if extrapolated to a 55-day period from nest initiation to fledging, the nest survival rate was 0.307 ± 0.083. Low fecundity was due largely to low breeding propensity, not low nesting success. For context, we also determined the breeding status of 14 radio-tagged Marbled Murrelets (B. marmoratus), most of which were breeders (79%) and successfully fledged young (69%). Our data demonstrated that Kittlitz's Murrelets were outperformed in all facets of reproduction compared to Marbled Murrelets. Low fecundity estimates for Kittlitz's Murrelet were consistent with a 10% per annum decline in Icy Bay between 2002 and 2012, suggesting that poor reproductive performance contributed to the local population decline of this species.
A comparison theorem for the isoperimetric profile under curve-shortening flow

We prove a comparison theorem for the isoperimetric profiles of simple closed curves evolving by the normalized curve-shortening flow: if the isoperimetric profile of the region enclosed by the initial curve is greater than that of some “model” convex region with exactly four vertices and with reflection symmetry in both axes, then the inequality remains true for the isoperimetric profiles of the evolved regions. We apply this using the “paperclip” solution as the model region to deduce sharp time-dependent upper bounds on curvature for arbitrary embedded closed curves evolving by the normalized curve-shortening flow. A slightly different comparison also gives lower bounds on curvature, and the result is a simple and direct proof of Grayson’s theorem without use of any blowup or compactness arguments, Harnack estimates or classification of self-similar solutions.
Development and validation of the Interpersonal Emotion Management Scale

Interpersonal Emotion Management (IEM) strategies represent behaviours targeted at managing negative emotions in others. This paper describes the development and validation of the four-dimensional IEM strategies scale. Four studies were conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the scale, including content, discriminant, and criterion validity. Results provided strong support for the four-dimensional measure of IEM strategies, distinct from conceptually related constructs, and predictive of subordinates’ trust in their supervisor.
Addressing the development of both knowledge and clinical reasoning in nursing through the perspective of script concordance: An integrative literature review

Background: In clinical practice settings, where situations of uncertainty exist, clinical reasoning is situated or contextualized. It calls upon honed knowledge, wherein nurses rely on highly-developed and organized knowledge networks known as “mental scripts”. Methods: The aim of this integrative literature review was to address ways to develop knowledge and clinical reasoning in nursing through the use of mental scripts, and to tackle these pedagogical considerations. The literature search was performed using the following data sources: CINHAL, MEDLINE Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. Results: Script concordance, which optimises situated clinical reasoning, ties in with the socio-cognitive perspective of cognitive apprenticeship, using role models to guide the development of knowledge and clinical reasoning in nursing. Moreover, this perspective proposes implementing new teaching strategies, which focus on situational awareness, reflective acuity, and cognitive dialogue. Conclusions: The perspective of script concordance allows a foreseeable innovative formulation of practices favourable to the development of clinical reasoning in nursing.
GSTM1 Null Genotype is Associated with an Increased Risk of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma in the Japanese Population

Variations in the Glutathione S-transferase (GST) supergene family have been reported to influence cancer susceptibility in Caucasian. However the genetic backgrounds and skin types are quite different between Caucasian and non-Caucasian. We therefore investigated the distribution of GST gene polymorphism in a Japanese population to ascertain the role of this polymorphism in melanomagenesis. Forty-six patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma and 92 healthy individuals who visited Kobe University Hospital between April 2004 and November 2010 were enrolled in this study. Genotype of GST gene was determined by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism analysis. The frequencies of GSTM1 null genotype were significantly different between malignant melanoma and controls (adjusted odds ratio=2.25, 95% confidence interval 1.06-4.77). The polymorphism of GSTM1 locus could be associated with cutaneous malignant melanoma risk among Japanese population.
eROSITA cluster cosmology forecasts: cluster temperature substructure bias

The eROSITA mission will provide the largest sample of galaxy clusters detected in X-ray to date (one hundred thousand expected). This sample will be used to constrain cosmological models by measuring cluster masses. An important mass proxy is the electron temperature of the hot plasma detected in X-rays. We want to understand the detection properties and possible bias in temperatures due to unresolved substructures in the cluster halos. We simulated a large number of galaxy cluster spectra with known temperature substructures and compared the results from analysing eROSITA simulated observations to earlier results from Chandra. We were able to constrain a bias in cluster temperatures and its impact on cluster masses as well as cosmological parameters derived from the survey. We found temperatures in the eROSITA survey to be biased low by about five per cent due to unresolved temperature substructures (compared to emission-weighted average temperatures from the Chandra maps). This bias would have a significant impact on the eROSITA cosmology constraints if not accounted for in the calibration. We isolated the bias effect that substructures in galaxy clusters have on temperature measurements and their impact on derived cosmological parameters in the eROSITA cluster survey.
The chemical abundances in a sample of dwarf irregular galaxies I. Small scale variations within NGC 6822

Deep groundbased spectra of Hubble V and Hubble X, the two largest and brightest H ii regions in the Local Group dwarf galaxy, NGC 6822, are presented. The extinction, excitation and ionization are studied on scales as small as 4 pc. The chemical composition of some elements within the regions as well as possible small scale variations in the abundances of helium, nitrogen, oxygen and neon over the face of the two regions are investigated. The detection of the emission lines (OI) and (ClIII) are probably related to shock-heating from gas ejected from supernova explosions and planetary nebula ejections, respectively, although the contribution to the total ionization is very small. No signicant dierences in chemical composition was found between Hubble V and Hubble X. However, some small scale variations in the abundances of oxygen, and possibly nitrogen and helium, over the face of both H ii regions were noted, although dierent physical conditions could apply within the regions, such as local fluctuations in the temperature.
How Corruption affect Growth in MENA region? Fresh Evidence from a Panel Cointegration Analysis

This paper aims at analyzing the effects of corruption on investment and growth in 15 Middle East and North African (MENA) countries during the period 1985-2013. We used the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) corruption index and we conducted a panel cointegration analysis and Granger causality procedure to detect the dynamic relationships between the variables. The main findings of this paper show that corruption is a serious hurdle to economic growth in MENA countries since it affects investment activities and foreign direct investment inflows. In this case, policymakers have to implement effective anticorruption strategies to avoid the epidemic of corruption.
Relationship between Emotional Exhaustion and Deviant Behaviors: Moderating Role of Big Five Personality Traits

Personality traits are very important factors for research and theory and also for understanding various employees' behavior at work settings. The aim of the current inquiry was to investigate the relationships between emotional exhaustion and deviant behaviors with consider moderating effects of big five personality factors among employees of an public sector organization in Tehran, Iran. Using a simple random sampling method, a sample of two hundred and sixty five employees responded the emotional exhaustion, deviant behaviors, and big five personality traits questionnaires. The results revealed that extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism moderate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and deviant behaviors. That is, in high extroversion and agreeableness, emotional exhaustion not significantly related to deviant behaviors, while in high neuroticism, emotional exhaustion positively and significantly related to deviant behaviors. Result of the current investigation showed that agreeableness and extroversion are two protective personality traits, and neuroticism is a personality risk factor in the relationship between emotional exhaustion and deviant behaviors.
Winds of change?: Projections of near‐surface winds under climate change scenarios

Changes in near–surface wind speeds due to global climate change may have profound geophysical and societal impacts. However, Global Climate Models (GCMs) are unable to replicate the historically observed magnitude and spatial variability of wind speeds, so we apply a downscaling technique to generate probability distributions of wind speeds at sites in northern Europe for historical periods (1961–1990 and 1982–2000) and two future periods (2046–2065, 2081–2100). Projections for the twenty‐first century (C21st) indicate no evidence of substantial evolution relative to the end of the twentieth century (C20th), although there is increased divergence of results from downscaling of different GCMs toward the end of C21st. Predicted changes in the downscaled mean and 90th percentile wind speeds are small (<±15%) and are comparable to the current variability manifest in downscaling from different GCMs.
Masters of Disasters? An Empirical Analysis of how Societies Benefit from Corporate Disaster Aid

Corporations have become increasingly influential within societies around the world, while the relative capacity of national governments to meet large social needs has waned. Consequentially, firms are being asked to adopt responsibilities that have traditionally fallen to governments, aid agencies, and other types of organizations. There are questions, though, about whether or not this is beneficial for society. We study this in the context of disaster relief and recovery; an area where companies account for a growing share of aid as compared to traditional providers. Drawing on the dynamic capabilities literature, we argue that firms are better-equipped than other types of organizations to sense areas of need following a disaster, seize response opportunities, and reconfigure resources for fast, effective relief efforts. As such, we predict that — while traditional aid providers are important for disaster recovery — relief will arrive faster, and nations will recover more fully when locally active firms account for a larger share of disaster aid. We test our predictions with a proprietary dataset comprising information on every natural disaster and reported aid donation worldwide from 2003 to 2013. Our analysis uses a novel, quasi-experimental technique known as the synthetic control method and shows that nations benefit greatly from corporate involvement when disaster strikes.