Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of Time Spraying Amino Acid on water deficit Stress on yield, yield component and some physiological characteristics of grain corn (TWC647).

This study investigated the effects of time spraying Amino Acid on the yield and yield components and some physiological traits in grain corn (Zea mays L. var. TWC647) under water deficit. Research was conducted with complete randomized block experimental design with split-plot arrangement with three replications. In this experiment, the main plots consisted of water deficit with 3 levels :( Cut Irrigation in Vegetative (A1), Cut Irrigation in flowering (A2), Cut Irrigation in grain filling (A3). Subplots were time spraying Amino Acid in 3 levels: (Control )Non Amino Acid (B1), Amino Acid spraying before water deficit stress (B2), and Amino Acid spraying after water deficit stress (B3). Results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction effects of water deficit and time spraying Amino Acid on the characteristics of Number of rows per spike, Number of grains per row, 1000grains weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, protein yield, protein percentage and proline were significant at the 5% level, However, there was not significant the plants per square meter and number of spikes per plant of water stressed plants treated with time of Amino Acid foliar Application. In this study, the maximum grain yield (7406.1kg/ha-1) and the plants per square meter, number of spikes per plant, number of rows per Spike, number of grains per row, 1000grains weigh, Proline , Harvest Index were obtained from Cut Irrigation in vegetative with Amino Acid foliar before water deficit stress. Seed protein percentage increased as the amount of water deficiency. lowest grain yield was assigned of Cut Irrigation in flowering with Control (none Amino Acid) with (2258.6 kg/ha-1) had no significant difference with Cut Irrigation in grain filling with control treatment and the lowest 1000grains weight (183.4 gr) allocated to the same treatment.
Yield, SDG lignan, cadmium, lead, oil and protein contents of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivated in trials and at different farm conditions in the south-western part of Finland

Linseed varieties were studied in variety trials and under farm conditions in south-western Finland in the years 2007−2010. The variation in yield, oil, protein, SDG lignan, cadmium and lead contents were studied in 8 oil and 2 fibre linseed varieties. Genotypic, environmental and genotype x environment interaction variance estimates were calculated. Fibre varieties ‘Belinka’ and ‘Martta’ had higher protein and lower oil contents than oil linseed varieties.The SDG lignan contents of linseed varieties varied between 3635−9560 mg kg -1 . Rather high genotypic variance was found in yield, oil, protein and SDG lignan contents. Variety ‘Laser’ had lower SDG lignan content. ‘Abacus’, ‘Helmi’ and ‘Martta’ had the highest SDG lignan contents. Variation in cadmium and lead contents were caused by environmental effects. The highest cadmium contents, 0.82−1.69 mg kg -1 , were found in soils fertilized by wastewater sludge about 20 years ago and at fields with low bottom soil pH (4.1−4.5).
The Intrinsic Bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background

Cosmology, intended as the study of the origin and evolution of the Universe and its components, has advanced from being a philosophical discipline to a data-driven science. Much of this progress was achieved in the last few decades thanks to the wealth of cosmological data from Earth and space-based experiments. The abundance of observational constraints has considerably narrowed the space for theoretical speculation, to the point that now most of the cosmological community agrees on a standard model of cosmology. A crucial assumption of this model is that the structure observed in the Universe, such as planets, stars and galaxies, can be ultimately traced back to tiny density perturbations in the early Universe. Therefore, a huge theoretical and experimental effort is being made by cosmologists and particle physicists to gain insight of the mechanism of generation of these primordial fluctuations, which remains still largely unknown. The bispectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) has been recently recognised as a powerful probe of this mechanism, as it is sensitive to the non-Gaussian features in the seed fluctuations. To access this information, however, it is crucial to model the non-linear evolution of the CMB between the formation of the initial fluctuations and its observation, which results in the emergence of an intrinsic bispectrum. The main purpose of this thesis is to quantify the intrinsic bispectrum and compute the bias it induces on the primordial signal. To do so, we develop SONG, a new and efficient code for solving the second-order Einstein-Boltzmann equations, and use it to estimate the intrinsic CMB non-Gaussianity arising from the non-linear evolution of density perturbations. The full calculation involves contributions from recombination and less tractable ones from terms integrated along the line of sight. We investigate the bias that this intrinsic bispectrum implies for searches of primordial non-Gaussianity. We find that the inclusion or omission of certain line of sight terms can make a large impact. When including all physical effects but lensing and time-delay, we find that the contamination from the intrinsic bispectrum generally leads to a small bias in the estimates of non-Gaussianity, which is good news for the prospect of using cosmic microwave background data to probe primordial non-Gaussianity. The intrinsic non-Gaussianity can be searched for directly, using the predicted signal as a template; our calculations suggest this signal is just beyond what is possible with the Planck CMB survey, with a signal-to-noise rising to unity only for an angular resolution of `max = 3000.
PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN

Pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan merupakan salah satu dari Standar Nasional Pendidikan yang memerlukan perhatian khusus dari pemerintah dan masyarakat. Pandangan penting terhadap pendidik sebagai berikut. (1) Guru yang diharapkan masa kini; (2) Tugas guru sebagai panggilan hidup; (3) Guru yang demokratis; (4) Guru yang professional; (5) Peningkatan kualitas guru. Mengenai tenaga kependidikan diperlukan adanya pencerahan, pencerahan tersebut dapat dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan sumber daya manusia, antara lain meliputi : (1) kompetensi, (2) sertifikasi, (3) kualifikasi, (4) rekrutmen dan seleksi, (5) pengembangan karier, (6) penilaian kinerja, (7) penghargaan dan perlindungan, dan (8) pemberhentian. Selanjutnya, tulisan ini juga menyoroti pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan dari segi poleksosbud . Kata Kunci : Pendidik, Tenaga Kependidikan, Poleksosbud
Scalar perturbations in the late Universe: viability of the Chaplygin gas models

We study the late-time evolution of the Universe where dark energy (DE) is parametrised by a modified generalised Chaplygin gas (mGCG) on top of cold dark matter (CDM) . We also take into account the radiation content of the Universe. In this context, the late stage of the evolution of the universe refers to the epoch where CDM is already clustered into inhomogeneously distributed discrete structures (galaxies, groups and clusters of galaxies). Under these conditions, the mechanical approach is an adequate tool to study the Universe deep inside the cell of uniformity. To be more accurate, we study scalar perturbations of the Friedmann-Lemaȋtre-Robertson-Walker metric due to inhomogeneities of CDM as well as fluctuations of radiation and mGCG, the later driving the late-time acceleration of the universe. Our analysis applies as well to the case where mGCG plays the role of DM and DE . We select the sets of parameters of the mGCG that are compatible with the mechanical approach. These sets define prospective mGCG models. By comparing the selected sets of models with some of the latest observational data results, we conclude that the mGCG is in tight agreement with those observations particularly for a mGCG playing the role of DE and DM.
Thermal acclimation of photosynthesis and respiration in Eucalyptus pauciflora of varying growth temperatures in Kosciuszko National Park

The processes of photosynthesis and respiration in plants are largely responsible for levels of atmospheric CO2 globally. Predicting future output and uptake of carbon by plants is therefore crucial for developing accurate climate change models. The effect of temperature acclimation on photosynthesis and respiration rates in plants is currently not considered in global carbon models. Therefore, current terrestrial carbon models may be overestimating carbon release from plants as acclimation to higher growth temperatures in many species leads to a fall in respiration and an increase in the temperature at which photosynthesis is optimised. In this study, the ability of photosynthesis and respiration in snow gums (Eucalyptus pauciflora) to acclimate was tested. Leaf samples were taken from trees at four different elevations, and rates of photosynthesis and respiration were measured at 25°C using a licor 6400 Gas Exchange System. Temperatures of each collection site (growth temperatures) were measured hourly over three days using temperature and humidity data loggers (ibuttons). Results were analysed by comparing growth temperature of the samples to the rate of respiration and photosynthesis at 25°C. Lower temperatures correlated to low rates of photosynthesis and higher rates of respiration, when measured at the common temperature of 25°C. These results indicate that respiration and photosynthesis in snow gums does acclimate to ambient temperature, and this allows for the development of more accurate climate change models.
Vegetation indexes and delineation of management zones for soybean1

ABSTRACT The delimitation of site-specific management zones may be an operational and economically feasible approach in precision agriculture. This study aimed at investigating the spatial correlations between spectral indexes sampled during different growth stages of soybean and crop yield. Soil attributes stratified in each zone and the influence of altitude were also assessed. The simple ratio index, normalized difference vegetation index and soil-adjusted vegetation index were calculated for soybean at the V6, R5 and R5.5 stages. Spatial dependence analysis via semivariogram was performed for the vegetation indexes, soybean yield and terrain elevation. The crop yield map was taken as a reference to assess the spatial agreement with the different maps generated from the spectral indexes. The average values for chemical and granulometric soil attributes were calculated and analyzed by their means among the zones delineated. The field division into two management zones, due to the combination of altitude, simple ratio index of the V6 stage and soil-adjusted vegetation index of the R5.5 stage, showed the highest agreement with the soybean yield map. Differences between the delineated zones were identified for the phosphorus, clay and silt contents.
Modelling calving front dynamics using a level-set method: application to Jakobshavn Isbræ, West Greenland

Abstract. Calving is a major mechanism of ice discharge of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets, and a change in calving front position affects the entire stress regime of marine terminating glaciers. The representation of calving front dynamics in a 2-D or 3-D ice sheet model remains non-trivial. Here, we present the theoretical and technical framework for a level-set method, an implicit boundary tracking scheme, which we implement into the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM). This scheme allows us to study the dynamic response of a drainage basin to user-defined calving rates. We apply the method to Jakobshavn Isbrae, a major marine terminating outlet glacier of the West Greenland Ice Sheet. The model robustly reproduces the high sensitivity of the glacier to calving, and we find that enhanced calving triggers significant acceleration of the ice stream. Upstream acceleration is sustained through a combination of mechanisms. However, both lateral stress and ice influx stabilize the ice stream. This study provides new insights into the ongoing changes occurring at Jakobshavn Isbrae and emphasizes that the incorporation of moving boundaries and dynamic lateral effects, not captured in flow-line models, is key for realistic model projections of sea level rise on centennial timescales.
Diagnostic préventif de la vulnérabilité des constructions résidentielles pour leurs occupants face au risque de submersion marine appliqué à l’île de Noirmoutier (Vendée, France)

En fevrier 2010, la tempete Xynthia genere une submersion marine sur les cotes atlantiques francaises, a l’origine de 41 noyades. Les retours d’experience pointent la configuration et la localisation des constructions residentielles comme facteur aggravant de la vulnerabilite humaine. Face a ce constat, l’Etat decide la destruction des constructions les plus dangereuses. Neanmoins, cette politique des « zones noires » n’a ete appliquee que sur les territoires les plus impactes par Xynthia. Or, il existe d’autres secteurs vulnerables a la submersion marine en France. Ce travail propose de mener un diagnostic preventif de la vulnerabilite des constructions residentielles pour leurs occupants sur l’ile de Noirmoutier. Peu touchee par Xynthia, l’ile presente une configuration propice a la submersion marine et a deja ete durement touchee par le passe. A partir de la methode de l’indice V.I.E., les resultats montrent une inegale exposition des communes pour un evenement de type Xynthia. 46 % des constructions residentielles de l’ile seraient exposees en cas d’inondation avec des disparites selon les communes, la part du bâti expose allant de 28 % a 76 %. Toutefois, les communes qui comptent la part la plus importante de constructions les plus vulnerables pour leurs occupants sont celles ou l’urbanisation est proche des digues. S’il faut relativiser la vulnerabilite de l’ile de Noirmoutier vis-a-vis de La Faute-sur-Mer (29 deces lors de Xynthia), cela confirme le role des digues comme facteur aggravant de la vulnerabilite. Ce diagnostic ouvre la reflexion sur l’adaptation afin de prevenir les consequences d’un futur evenement de submersion marine sur l’ile.
Investigation of a pattern between students' engagement in argumentation and their science content knowledge: A Case Study

The aim of this study was, first, to investigate any pattern between students’ quantitative contribution to argumentation and their science understanding, and second, to analyze any relationship between students’ qualitative contribution to argumentation and their scientific knowledge. Participants of the study were four tenth-grade students. The participants were videotaped during the argumentations embedded in the physics class. Two interviews were conducted with each participant in order to examine their scientific understanding deeply. Argumentations were analyzed as quantitative and qualitative by using Toulmin’s Argument Pattern. Results from the study illustrate no significant relationship between students’ engagement in argumentation and their science content knowledge.
Computational modeling of drug diffusion and inductive heating in an implantable biomedical device for localized thermo-chemotherapy of cancer cells/tissue

Abstract This paper presents the study of an implantable biomedical device for the localized released of chemotherapeutic drugs and the controlled heating of surrounding tumor tissue to enable cancer treatment via a hyperthermia and chemotherapy combination. The coupling of magnetic induction, heat transfer, and mass diffusion concepts used to model temperature changes and drug release from the biomedical device to a surrounding environment that mimics breast tumor tissue and normal breast tissue. The predictions of temperature change in the residual tumor cells and the normal breast tissue show that when an excitation current of 25 mA supplied to the device generates heat that required to kill the residual cancer cells without damaging the nearby healthy tissue. Also, the predictions of prodigiosin concentration released from the biomedical device into selected depths in the breast phantom model show that the residual tumor has a higher concentration than the healthy tissue. The proposed system proved capable for prolonged drug delivery and temperature rise of tumor to therapeutic values for effective localize cancer treatment.
Temperature dynamics of a proglacial stream: Identifying dominant energy balance components and inferring spatially integrated hydraulic geometry

Proglacial fields typically have complex topography and heterogeneous sediments, resulting in highly variable flow and temperature regimes in surface runoff and groundwater. Using data from the Damma glacier forefield (Switzerland), we examined how longitudinal stream temperature changes can be used to infer reach‐averaged hydrological and thermal processes in proglacial riparian zones. A simple energy balance showed that (1) radiative forcing and frictional warming largely explained the observed temperature patterns in three stream reaches, and that (2) groundwater inflow and/or hyporheic exchange appear to influence stream warming along a fourth reach. Daytime stream warming depends on channel width, and here we show that stream temperature measurements can be used to infer reach‐averaged hydraulic geometry relationships between stream width and discharge, which are normally difficult to obtain by other methods in braided gravel bed streams. Our results illustrate how proglacial stream temperatures can yield spatially integrated information about hydrological and thermal processes in glacial forefields, where extreme spatial heterogeneity makes conventional methods difficult to apply.
Diversity and community composition of fishes in tropical estuary Pahang Malaysia.

A study was conducted to determine the diversity and composition of fish communities in Pahang estuary during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons from April to December, 2008. A total of 145 individuals of fish representing 24 species belonging to 14 families were caught during the study period. The fish fauna in the Pahang estuary was dominated by species belonging to the family Ariidae (69.32%) followed by Sciaenidae (8.82%). Pristigasteridae and Latidae constituted 4.2% each of the estuarial fish diversity. Most dominant species were Arius tenuispinis (47.06%) followed by Arius sumatranus (10.5%) and Arius thalassinus (8.82%). These species were abundant during June and April. Setipinna taty (Family: Engraulidae), Pennahia microdon (Family: Sciaenidae), Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Family: Polynemidae) were the least dominant species in the Pahang estuary with 0.42% of total abundance individually. Physico-chemical parameters, such as temperature (26.76 - 30.61°C), salinity (0.02 - 27.01 ppt), pH (4.69 - 8.31), dissolved oxygen (2.9609 - 7.44mg/L), nitrate (0.09 - 1.00mg/L) and phosphate (0.015 - 0.103mg/L) level in the water column were also monitored. Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that fish diversity of Pahang estuary was high in non-monsoon compared to monsoon seasons.
Can a Click be a Word?: Infants' Learning of Non-Native Words

Forms that are nonlinguistic markers in one language (i.e., “tsk-tsk” in English) may be part of the phoneme inventory—and hence part of words—in another language. In the current paper, we demonstrate that infants' ability to learn words containing unfamiliar language sounds is influenced by the age and vocabulary size of the infant learner, as well as by cues to the speaker's referential intent. When referential cues were available, infants at 14 months learned words with non-native speech sounds, but at 20 months only those infants with smaller vocabularies succeeded. When no referential cues were present, infants at both 14 and 20 months failed to learn the same words. The implications of the relation between linguistic sophistication and non-native word learning are discussed.
Modelling the vehicle in vehicle—infrastructure dynamic interaction studies

Abstract This article presents the equations of motion for a general articulated road vehicle, with variable number of wheels for the tractor and trailer. The equations are applicable to vehicle—infrastructure dynamic interaction problems for two- and three-dimensional systems, allowing for the definition of a wide variety of vehicle configurations with the same formulae.
In-Situ Deposition of Plasmonic Gold Nanotriangles and Nanoprisms onto Layered Hydroxides for Full-Range Photocatalytic Response towards the Selective Reduction of p-Nitrophenol

In this work, we present photocatalysis as a greener alternative to conventional catalysis where harsh reaction conditions, temperature and/or pressure are needed. Photodegradation of organic pollutants is a cost-effective, eco-friendly solution for the decontamination of water and air, and is a field that has been continuously growing over the last decade. Plasmonic metal nanoparticles absorb light irradiation that is transferred to the chemical reaction in a different fashion. Furthermore, plasmonic nanostructures can be combined with other materials, such as semiconductors or a basic support, to create hybrid systems capable of overcoming certain challenges that photocatalysis is facing nowadays and to expand the photocatalytic response towards the whole visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) ranges. The main objective of this work has been to in-situ synthesize plasmonic anisotropic gold nanoparticles onto hydrotalcite (HT) and calcined hydrotalcite (CHT) supports by way of a sequential deposition-reduction (DR) process and to evaluate their efficiency as heterogeneous catalysts towards the selective oxidation of p-nitrophenol (hereafter 4-NP), a well-known model contaminant, either in the absence or the presence of full-range light irradiation sources (LEDs) spanning the whole UV-Vis-NIR range. Special attention has been paid to the optimization of the catalyst preparation parameters, including the pH and the concentration of reducing and stabilizing agents. Interestingly, the use of thermally modified hydrotalcites has enabled a strong metal-support interaction to induce the preferential formation of triangular-shaped Au nanoparticles with ca. 0.8 wt. % loading while increasing the colloidal stability and surface area of the catalyst with respect to the commercial untreated HT supports.
Simultaneous variable selection and outlier detection using LASSO with applications to aircraft landing data analysis

OF THE DISSERTATION Simultaneous Variable Selection and Outlier Detection Using LASSO with Applications to Aircraft Landing Data Analysis by Wei Li Dissertation Director: Regina Y. Liu, Minge Xie, and Cun-Hui Zhang We propose a LASSO-type penalized regression method for simultaneous variable selection and outlier detection in high dimensional linear regression. We apply a mean-shift model to incorporate the coefficients associated with the potential outliers by expressing them as different intercept terms. The sparsity assumption is imposed on both X-covariates and the outlier indicator variables. With suitable penalty factors between X-covaraites and the outlier indicators, we show that the proposed method selects a model of the correct order of dimensionality, under the sparse Riesz condition on the correlation of design variables and a joint sparse Reisz condition on the augmented design matrix. We also show that the estimation/prediction of the selected model can be controlled at a level determined by the sizes of the true model, the outliers and the thresholding level. Moreover, the estimation has a positive breakdown point when both the dimension p and the sample size n tend to infinity, and p >> n. We also provide a generalized version for the estimator by adjusting the penalty weight factor. Finally, we apply the proposed method to analyze an aircraft landing performance data set, for identifying the precursors for undesirable landing performance and reducing the risk of runway overruns.