Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INCLUSION OF PROTECTED FAT IN DIETS ON THE MILK PRODUCTION AND COMPOSITION OF SAANEN GOATS

According on the fat source included in the diets for goats, the milk production can be increased and milk fatty acid composition can be improved. This study was conducted to evaluate the inclusion of protected fat (CSFA - calcium salts of fatty acids) in the diets of lactating Saanen goats on milk production and composition. Five Saanen goats (63.23 ± 9.08 kg body weight and 105 ± 3 days of lactation) were distributed in a Latin square design (5 × 5) with five diets: control (without the addition of CSFA) and the other diets with: 6.25, 12.50, 18.75 and 25.0 g CSFA per kg dry matter (g/kg DM), respectively. Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production (MP) were evaluated. Milk samples were collected to determine milk composition and fatty acid profile. Feed efficiency (FE) was estimated. The supplementation of CSFA up to 25 g/kg DM did not influence the DMI, MP and FE. Milk components production (g/d) was not influenced by the inclusion CSFA in the diet; however, there was a linear reduction of 0.87 g protein per kg of milk for each 1% CSFA included in the diet. The concentration of linolenic acid (18:3n-3) in milk was improved with a maximum point of 24 g of CSFA per kg DM. CSFA can be included in the diets of lactating Saanen goats up to 25 g/kg DM with no interference on DMI and MP.
RESUMO RESUMEN

Objective: investigating the prevalence of Burnout among nurses in hospitals of urgency and emergency in the State of Paraiba. Method: this is a descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted in six hospitals specialized in urgency and emergency service in the state. The sample consisted of 110 nurses. It was used as instrument the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were analyzed with SPSS-Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18.0. Results: the results pointed to 65,3% of young people (20-30 years), 54,5% in situations of multiple employment, 49,1% with weekly working hours of 20-44 hours, 82,7% with prevalence of Burnout, being 59,1% in moderate level and 23,6% in severe level. Conclusion: it is concluded that the nurses showed significant levels of illness due to diuturnal contact with work stressors elements. Descriptors: Professional burnout, Nursepatient relations, Emergency hospitals.
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOPHILIC CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULASE SYNTHESIZED BY Bacillus sp. GROWING ON SUGARCANE BAGASSE IN SUBMERGED FERMENTATION

The production and characterization of cellulase from thermophilic strain Bacillus sp. C1AC5507 was studied. For enzyme production, sugarcane bagasse was used as carbon source. The produced carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) had a molecular weight around 55 kDa and its activity varied between 0.14 and 0.37 IU mL-1 in conditions predicted by Response Surface Methodology. The optimum temperature and pH for the CMCase production were 70 °C and 7.0, respectively. The enzyme activity was inhibited mostly by Cu+2 and activated mostly by Co+2, Mn2+, Ca+2 and Fe+3. Our findings provide a contribution to the use of natural wastes such as sugarcane bagasse as substrate for growth and production of thermophilic CMCase. Further optimization to increase the production of cellulase enables the use in industrial applications.
A MULTIWAVELENGTH STUDY OF BINARY QUASARS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTS

We present Chandra X-ray imaging and spectroscopy for 14 quasars in spatially resolved pairs targeted as part of a complete sample of binary quasars with small transverse separations drawn from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSSDR6) photometry. We measure the X-ray properties of all 14 QSOs, and study the distribution of X-ray and optical-to-X-ray power-law indices in these binary quasars. We find no significant difference when compared with large control samples of isolated quasars, true even for SDSS J1254+0846, discussed in detail in a companion paper, which clearly inhabits an ongoing, pre-coalescence galaxy merger showing obvious tidal tails. We present infrared photometry from our observations with SAO Wide-field InfraRed Camera at the MMT, and from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Preliminary Data Release, and fit simple spectral energy distributions to all 14 QSOs. We find preliminary evidence that substantial contributions from star formation are required, but possibly no more so than for isolated X-ray-detected QSOs. Sensitive searches of the X-ray images for extended emission and the optical images for optical galaxy excess show that these binary QSOs—expected to occur in strong peaks of the dark matter distribution—are not preferentially found in rich cluster environments. While larger binary QSO samples with richer far-IR and submillimeter multiwavelength data might better reveal signatures of merging and triggering, optical color selection of QSO pairs may be biased against such signatures. X-ray and/or variability selection of QSO pairs, while challenging, should be attempted. We present in an Appendix a primer on X-ray flux and luminosity calculations.
Modification of inertial oscillations by the mesoscale eddy field

[1] The modification of near-surface near-inertial oscillations (NIOs) by the geostrophic vorticity is studied globally from an observational standpoint. Surface drifter are used to estimate NIO characteristics. Despite its spatial resolution limits, altimetry is used to estimate the geostrophic vorticity. Three characteristics of NIOs are considered: the relative frequency shift with respect to the local inertial frequency; the near-inertial variance; and the inverse excess bandwidth, which is interpreted as a decay time scale. The geostrophic mesoscale flow shifts the frequency of NIOs by approximately half its vorticity. Equatorward of 30°N and S, this effect is added to a global pattern of blue shift of NIOs. While the global pattern of near-inertial variance is interpretable in terms of wind forcing, it is also observed that the geostrophic vorticity organizes the near-inertial variance; it is maximum for near zero values of the Laplacian of the vorticity and decreases for nonzero values, albeit not as much for positive as for negative values. Because the Laplacian of vorticity and vorticity are anticorrelated in the altimeter data set, overall, more near-inertial variance is found in anticyclonic vorticity regions than in cyclonic regions. While this is compatible with anticyclones trapping NIOs, the organization of near-inertial variance by the Laplacian of vorticity is also in very good agreement with previous theoretical and numerical predictions. The inverse bandwidth is a decreasing function of the gradient of vorticity, which acts like the gradient of planetary vorticity to increase the decay of NIOs from the ocean surface. Because the altimetry data set captures the largest vorticity gradients in energetic mesoscale regions, it is also observed that NIOs decay faster in large geostrophic eddy kinetic energy regions.
Trumping Norms: Lab Evidence on Aggressive Communication before and after the 2016 US Presidential Election

This paper provides evidence from a negotiation experiment that the 2016 US presidential election of Donald Trump had a profound impact on individual behavior in the lab. Using a Battle of the Sexes game with unstructured communication, we find that post-election individuals are less cooperative in general, more likely to use adversarial negotiation strategies, and less likely to reach an agreement. Furthermore, this is particularly driven by men acting more aggressively toward women. Our results are robust to controlling for sample selection. These results suggest that Trump's election may have disrupted community norms around civility and chivalry.
Memory development across the life-span

Memory is one of the most widely studied and best understood facets of cognition. Investigations of memory have also played an important role in developmental psychology and have contributed to the evolution of life-span developmental psychology (e.g., Baltes, 1987). We cover the major topics of relevance for understanding the development of memory, acknowledging that our coverage will inevitably be both selective and incomplete.
Experimental evaluation of nephroprotective potential of Calotropis procera (Ait) flowers against gentamicin-induced toxicity in albino rabbits.

Received: Revised: Accepted: November 13, 2014 February 12, 2015 February 21, 2015 Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with free radicals generation in kidney tissue. Medicinal plants contain bioactive constituents that act as natural antioxidants, which can protect the biological system from oxidative stress. In this study, phytochemical constituents of aqueous extract of Calotropis procera flowers and its efficacy on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbit model were evaluated. Renal function markers, total oxidant status and catalase activity were assessed along with hematological and renal histopathological analyses. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, phenols, alkaloids, steroids and ascorbic acid. Gentamicin administration led to severe changes in serum biochemical markers along with significant alteration in kidney tissue. Co-administration of plant extract with gentamicin reduced the gentamicin-induced toxic effects by restoring the renal function markers i.e. blood urea nitrogen, serum urea, serum creatinine and electrolytes indicating the protective potential of plant extract. Likewise, disturbance in hematological parameters induced by gentamicin was attenuated by the administration of plant extract. In addition, C. procera extract increased the antioxidant enzyme catalase and decreased the serum total oxidant status along with protective effects evidenced by histopathological evaluation. Aqueous extract of C. procera flowers, when co-administered with gentamicin, exerted protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. This nephroprotective potential of C. procera aqueous extract might be due to the presence of polyphenols i.e. flavonoid and phenol constituents. ©2015 PVJ. All rights reserved
A Study of Automatically Acquiring Explanatory Inference Patterns from Corpora of Explanations: Lessons from Elementary Science Exams

Our long term interest is in building inference algorithms capable of answering questions and producing human-readable explanations by aggregating information from multiple sources and knowledge bases. Currently information aggregation (also referred to as “multi-hop inference”) is challenging for more than two facts due to “semantic drift”, or the tendency for natural language inference algorithms to quickly move off-topic when assembling long chains of knowledge. In this paper we explore the possibility of generating large explanations with an average of six facts by automatically extracting common explanatory patterns from a corpus of manually authored elementary science explanations represented as lexically-connected explanation graphs grounded in a semi-structured knowledge base of tables. We empirically demonstrate that there are sufficient common explanatory patterns in this corpus that it is possible in principle to reconstruct unseen explanation graphs by merging multiple explanatory patterns, then adapting and/or adding to their knowledge. This may ultimately provide a mechanism to allow inference algorithms to surpass the two-fact “aggregation horizon” in practice by using common explanatory patterns as constraints to limit the search space during information aggregation.
Decreased expression of BECN1 mRNA is associated with lupus nephritis

This study aimed to investigate the mRNA expression of the autophagy-related gene BECN1 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and to analyse the relationship of its expression with SLE clinical characteristics and disease activities. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of BECN1 in 79 SLE patients and 45 healthy controls. BECN1 was downregulated in the 79 patients with SLE (P<0.001), and those with downregulated BECN1 mRNA exhibited a significantly increased incidence of nephritis (85.3% vs. 64.4%, P=0.038). BECN1 mRNA downregulation, which may be related to deficiency in autophagosome formation, can promote the pathogenesis of SLE and nephritis.
The role of L-arginine and aerobic exercise in experimental renal ischemia reperfusion injury in male and female rats

Introduction: Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation is the main cause of acute kidney damage. Nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis and oxidative stress are closely related to the pathogenesis of renal I/R injury. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) as NO donor and aerobic exercise (EX) and also the combination of L-arg with EX on renal I/R injury in male and female rats. Methods: 54 male and female Wistar rats were divided into four groups in each gender as control, L-arginine (L-arg), treadmill exercise (EX), and L-arginine plus exercise (Larg & EX). After 8 weeks of EX, animals were exposed to 45 min of bilateral kidney ischemia followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. We assessed serum creatinine (Cr), Kidney tissue damage score (KTDS), kidney weight (KW), serum nitrite and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results: L-arg, EX or combination of L-arg &EX caused a significant decrease in serum level of creatinine (Cr) (P<0.05). KTDS decreased significantly in all female treated groups and male L-arg treated group (P<0.05) when compared with the control group. However, the kidney weight was decreased significantly in male rats (P<0.05) at 24 hr post reperfusion, and such observation was not seen in female. No significant differences were detected in serum nitrite levels between the groups, but combination of L-arg &EX decreased the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in female significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pretreatment with L-arg seems to have protective effects against renal I/R injury. The protective effect of exercise against renal I/R injury seems to be less than Larg but the reno-protective effect of EX increases when combined with L-arg.
Major-Minor Tonality, Schenkerian Prolongation, and Emotion: A commentary on Huron and Davis (2012)

On average, melodies in minor keys have smaller intervals between successive tones than melodies in major keys - consistent with the emotional difference between major and minor (Huron, 2008). Huron and Davis (2012) additionally showed that a part of this difference is inherent in the structure of major and minor scales, in combination with typical patterns of transition between scale steps: If one takes a typical major melody and lowers scale steps 3 and 6 by a semitone, the average interval size is optimally reduced. I present an alternative theory of the origin of major and minor scales/keys and their emotional connotations. Huron’s (2006) data on scale-step transitions in typical melodies is consistent with Schenker’s (1922, 1935) idea that a piece of tonal music can be interpreted as a prolongation of its tonic triad (mediated by the Ursatz ). The emotional difference between major and minor may ultimately and primarily depend on the third of the tonic triad in the psychological background. Major music may tend toward positive valence simply because emotionally positive music is more common than emotionally negative music, and major triads and keys are more common than minor. Minor music may tend toward negative valence simply because scale degrees 3 and 6 sound lower than expected, consistent with emotional cues in speech (Huron, 2008).
The ecological significance of antioxidants and oxidative stress: A marriage between mechanistic and functional perspectives

The ecological significance of antioxidants and oxidative stress: a marriage between mechanistic and functional perspectives Kevin J. McGraw*, Alan A. Cohen, David Costantini and Peeter Hõrak School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA; Groupe de recherche PRIMUS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 e Ave Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada; Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; and Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Tartu University, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
Incidence of Prototheca Spp . in Milk Produced by Dairy Herds in Assiut City

Bovine mastitis associated with Prototheca is considered a rare pathology, but is increasing in prevalence all over the world and therefore becoming more relevant to the dairy industry. A total number of 150 random samples (100 of buffaloe`s milk and 50 of cow’s milk) were collected from dairy farms and dairy shops in Assiut city as well as from some villages around the city. Physical examination of all samples revealed absence of any visible abnormalities. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was carried out on all samples to detect the subclinical cases. 59 % of buffaloes and 68 % of cow’s milk samples were positive. The average count of total yeasts and mold counts was 3.29x10 2 and 3.59x10 2 in examined samples of buffaloes and cow milk, respectively. Samples were examined for the presence of Prototheca spp. 12 % of buffaloe`s milk samples were positive. On the basis of colony morphology and microscopic appearance, after incubation at 38 o C for 48–72 hrs, Prototheca spp. were isolated, identified and sub-cultured for further identification. P. zopfi and P. wickerhamii were foud in 7 % and 5 % of the positive samples-respectively. In addition, Prototheca spp. was not isolated from any of examined cow’s milk samples. Antibiotics sensitivity test was carried out to detect antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated microorganisms. Received at: 25/3/2013
An Intelligent Procedure for the Detection and Classification of Chickens Infected by Clostridium Perfringens Based on their Vocalization

In this study, an intelligent method was implemented for the detection and classification of chickens by infected Clostridium perfringens type A based on their vocalization. To this aim, the birds were first divided into two groups that were placed in separate cages with 15 chickens each. Chickens were inoculated with Clostridium perfringens type A on day 14. In order to ensure the absence of secondary diseases and their probable effect on bird vocalization, vaccines for common diseases were administered. During 30 days of the experiment, chicken vocalization was recorded every morning at 8 a.m. using a microphone and a data collection card under equal and controlled conditions. Sound signals were investigated in time domains, and 23 features were selected. Using Fisher Discriminate Analysis (FDA), five of the most important and effective features were chosen. Neural Network Pattern Recognition (NNPR) structure with one hidden layer was applied to detect signals and classifying healthy and unhealthy chickens. Firstly, this neural network was trained with 34 samples, after which eight samples were tested for accuracy. Classification accuracy was 66.6 and 100% for days 16 and 22; i.e., two and eight days after the disease, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated the usefulness and effectiveness of intelligent methods for diagnosing diseases in chickens.
A new anhydrous amphibole from the Hoskins mine , Grenfell , New South Wales , Australia : Description and crystal structure of ungarettiite , NaNar ( Mnl + Mn 3 + ) Si 8 O 22 O 2

Ungarettiite is a new amphibole species from the Hoskins mine, near Grenfell, New South Wales, Australia. It occurs with Mn-bearing oxides, silicates, and carbonates in a stratiform schist associated with metajasper, metabasalt, and metasiltstone. Ungarettiite is britt le, H:6, D-*": 3.52 g/cm3, D.t":3.45 g/cm3.In plane-polarized l ight, it is stronglypleochroic, X: orangered, I Z: verydark red;X A a: -2 (inBacute), Y : b, Z A c : l7o (in B obtuse), with absorption X < Y < Z. IJngarettite is biaxial positive, a: 1.717(2), P: 1.780(4), r : 1.800(2):2V: 5l(2y, dispersion r < v. [Jngaretti i te is monoclinic, space group C2/m, a:9.89(2), b: 18.04(3), c:5.29(l) A, B: 104.6(2), V: 912(l) A', 7 : 2. The strongest ten X-ray diffraction lines in the powder pa t te rn a re ld (1 , hk l ) l : 2 . 176 (10 ,17 l ) , 3 . 146 (9 ,310 ) ,2 . 544 (9 ,202 ) ,1 . 447 (9 ,3 .11 .1 ) , 3.400(8,131), 1.656(8,461), 8.522(7,110),2.299(7,171),2.575(6,241), and,2.047(6,202). Analysis by a combination of electron microprobe and crystal-structure refinement gives SiO, 50.66, Alror 0.04, TiOr 0.03, FerOr 0.50, FeO 0.00, MnrO, 24.35, MnO 12.42,MgO l.46,ZnO 0.10, CaO 0.18, NarO 9. 13, KrO 0.76,F not detected, sum 99.63 wto/o. The formulaunitcalculatedonthebasis of 24Oatomsis(&,rN%rrXNa,nrCa.or)(Mn? kM&roMnlduFeflj.ZnoorXSiTerAto,)OrrO, and is close to the ideal end-member composition of NaNar(Mnl+ Mn3+ )Si8O,,Or. The crystal structure of ungarettiite was refined to an R index of -1.50/o using MoKa X-ray intensity data. Site-scattering refinement shows that the M I , M2, and M3 sites are occupied dominantly by Mn. The (M-O) distances are Ml: 2.03;M2:2.17;M}. 2.01 A, compatible with the site occupancies Ml M3 Mn3+, M2 Mn2+. All bonds to the 03 anion are very short, and a bond valence analysis indicates that the 03 site is occupied by a divalent anion: O2-, as suggested by the overall electroneutrality requirement of the structural formula.
Infectious Bursal Disease: Evaluation of Maternal Immunity and Protection by Vaccination of One-Day Old Chicks Against Challenge with a Very Virulent Virus Isolate(3)

Moraes, HLS; Salle, CTP; Nascimento, VP; Salle, FO; Rocha, ACGP; Souza, GF; Furian, TQ; Artencio, JO Infectious bursal disease: evaluation of maternal immunity and protection by vaccination of one-day old chicks against challenge with a very virulent virus isolate Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, vol. 7, núm. 1, enero-marzo, 2005, pp. 51-57 Fundação APINCO de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas Campinas, SP, Brasil