Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Adolescents' Bullying Participation from Developmental Trajectories of Social Status and Behavior.

The aim of this study was to determine how trajectory clusters of social status (social preference and perceived popularity) and behavior (direct aggression and prosocial behavior) from age 9 to age 14 predicted adolescents' bullying participant roles at age 16 and 17 (n = 266). Clusters were identified with multivariate growth mixture modeling (GMM). The findings showed that participants' developmental trajectories of social status and social behavior across childhood and early adolescence predicted their bullying participant role involvement in adolescence. Practical implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Performance Comparisons Between Carbon Nanotubes, Optical, and Cu for Future High-Performance On-Chip Interconnect Applications

Optical interconnects and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present promising options for replacing the existing Cu-based global/semiglobal (optics and CNT) and local (CNT) wires. We quantify the performance of these novel interconnects and compare it with Cu/low-kappa wires for future high-performance integrated circuits. We find that for a local wire, a CNT bundle exhibits a smaller latency than Cu for a given geometry. In addition, by leveraging the superior electromigration properties of CNT and optimizing its geometry, the latency advantage can be further amplified. For semiglobal and global wires, we compare both optical and CNT options with Cu in terms of latency, energy efficiency/power dissipation, and bandwidth density. The above trends are studied with technology node. In addition, for a future technology node, we compare the relationship between bandwidth density, power density, and latency, thus alluding to the latency and power penalty to achieve a given bandwidth density. Optical wires have the lowest latency and the highest possible bandwidth density using wavelength division multiplexing, whereas a CNT bundle has a lower latency than Cu. The power density comparison is highly switching activity (SA) dependent, with high SA favoring optics. At low SA, optics is only power efficient compared to CNT for a bandwidth density beyond a critical value. Finally, we also quantify the impact of improvement in optical and CNT technology on the above comparisons. A small monolithically integrated detector and modulator capacitance for optical interconnects (~10 fF) yields a superior power density and latency even at relatively lower SA (~20%) but at high bandwidth density. At lower bandwidth density and SA lower than 20%, an improvement in mean free path and packing density of CNT can render it most energy efficient.
A novel model of retinal ablation demonstrates that the extent of rod cell death regulates the origin of the regenerated zebrafish rod photoreceptors

The adult zebrafish retina continuously produces rod photoreceptors from infrequent Müller glial cell division, yielding neuronal progenitor cells that migrate to the outer nuclear layer and become rod precursor cells that are committed to differentiate into rods. Retinal damage models suggested that rod cell death induces regeneration from rod precursor cells, whereas loss of any other retinal neurons activates Müller glia proliferation to produce pluripotent neuronal progenitors that can generate any other neuronal cell type in the retina. We tested this hypothesis by creating two transgenic lines that expressed the E. coli nitroreductase enzyme fused to EGFP (NTR‐EGFP) in only rods. Treating transgenic adults with metronidazole resulted in two rod cell death models. First, killing all rods throughout the Tg(zop:nfsB‐EGFP)nt19 retina induced robust Müller glial proliferation, which yielded clusters of neuronal progenitor cells. In contrast, ablating only a subset of rods across the Tg(zop:nfsB‐EGFP)nt20 retina led to rod precursor, but not Müller glial, cell proliferation. We propose that two different criteria determine whether rod cell death will induce a regenerative response from the Müller glia rather than from the resident rod precursor cells in the ONL. First, there must be a large amount of rod cell death to initiate Müller glia proliferation. Second, the rod cell death must be acute, rather than chronic, to stimulate regeneration from the Müller glia. This suggests that the zebrafish retina possesses mechanisms to quantify the amount and timing of rod cell death. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:800–814, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ad scepticism and retouch-free disclaimers: Are they worth it?

Abstract The present study analyses the impact of ad scepticism on the way consumers perceive advertising and process its effects, and considers the influence of ad disclaimers. We conduct an experiment that explores three different contexts, namely (1) the total absence of ad disclaimers, (2) the presence of a retouch-free disclaimer and (3) the presence of a retouched disclaimer. By showing how ad scepticism fits in the advertising attitudinal approach, and how new digital developments affect consumers’ processing of advertisements, the results of this experiment can contribute to the marketing literature and clarify relevant topics for practitioners. This paper shows the significant influence played by ad believability and attitude towards the ad on behavioural intentions. This underlines, particularly for marketing practitioners, the importance of an ad’s believability and the credibility of its claims in the sales outcome. Most importantly, the framework offered by this paper shifts the attention towards the believability of advertising disclaimers aimed at clarifying the use of digitally enhanced images.
Defined Contribution Plans and the 2008 Financial Crisis

Private sector workers in the United States have witnessed a major shift in retirement planning. In the 1950s through the 1980s, defined benefit (DB) retirement plans were ubiquitous. In the 21st century, however, firms have eschewed DB plans, and now most private sector workers are covered by a defined contribution (DC) retirement plan. The shift to DC plans transferred identifiable market risk from the employer to the employee. In exchange for bearing more market risk, DC plans gave employees more control over their retirement accounts as they were now able to make the majority of investment decisions. Even as DC plans become more popular, many worried that this shift might make workers and their retirement more susceptible to large market shocks such as the 2008 financial crisis. In this thesis, I use the 2008 financial crisis as a natural experiment to test how well DC plans survive recessionary periods. Document Type Thesis Distinguished Thesis Yes Degree Name Bachelor of Arts (BA) Department or Program Economics Second Department or Program Mathematics First Advisor Robert J. Lemke Second Advisor DeJuran Richardson Third Advisor Muris Hadzic Fourth Advisor Enrique Treviño Subject Categories Economics This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest. edu/seniortheses/127 This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest. edu/seniortheses/127 Lake Forest College Archives Your thesis will be deposited in the Lake Forest College Archives and the College’s online digital repository, Lake Forest College Publications. This agreement grants Lake Forest College the non-exclusive right to distribute your thesis to researchers and over the Internet and make it part of the Lake Forest College Publications site. You warrant: • that you have the full power and authority to make this agreement; • that you retain literary property rights (the copyright) to your work. Current U.S. law stipulates that you will retain these rights for your lifetime plus 70 years, at which point your thesis will enter common domain; • that for as long you as you retain literary property rights, no one may sell your thesis without your permission; • that the College will catalog, preserve, and provide access to your thesis; • that the thesis does not infringe any copyright, nor violate any proprietary rights, nor contain any libelous matter, nor invade the privacy of any person or third party; • If you request that your thesis be placed under embargo, approval from your thesis chairperson is required. By signing below, you indicate that you have read, understand, and agree to the statements above. Printed Name: Katherine Lynne Beall Thesis Title: Defined Contribution Plans and the 2008 Financial Crisis This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest. edu/seniortheses/127
LIGHT INTENSITY EXPOSURE, SLEEP DURATION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BIOMARKERS OF MELATONIN AMONG ROTATING SHIFT NURSES

Long-term, night shiftwork has been identified as a potential carcinogenic risk factor. It is hypothesized that increased light at night exposure during shiftwork reduces melatonin production, which is associated with increased cancer risk. Sleep duration has been hypothesized to influence both melatonin levels and cancer risk, and it has been suggested that sleep duration could be used as a proxy for melatonin production. Finally, physical activity has been shown to reduce cancer risk, and laboratory studies indicate it may influence melatonin levels. A cross-sectional study of light exposure, sleep duration, physical activity, and melatonin levels was conducted among 61 female rotating shift nurses (work schedule: two 12 h days, two 12 h nights, five days off). Light intensity was measured using a light-intensity data logger, and sleep duration and physical activity were self-reported in a study diary and questionnaire. Melatonin concentrations were measured from urine and saliva samples. The characteristics of nurses working day and night shifts were similar. Light intensity was significantly higher during sleep for those working at night (p< 0.0001), while urinary melatonin levels following sleep were significantly higher among those working days (p = 0.0003). Mean sleep duration for nurses working during the day (8.27 h) was significantly longer than for those working at night (4.78 h, p< 0.0001). An inverse association (p = 0.002) between light exposure and urinary melatonin levels was observed; however, this was not significant when stratified by shift group. There was no significant correlation between sleep duration and melatonin, and no consistent relationship between physical activity and melatonin. Analysis of salivary melatonin levels indicated that the circadian rhythms of night workers were not altered, meaning peak melatonin production occurred at night. This study indicates that two nights of rotating shift work may not change the timing of melatonin production to the day among those working at night. Additionally, in this study, sleep duration was not correlated with urinary melatonin levels, suggesting it may not be a good proxy for melatonin production. (Author correspondence: anne.grundy@queensu.ca)
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C Facilitates Immune Tolerance and Endovascular Activity of Human Uterine NK Cells at the Maternal-Fetal Interface1

Although replete with cytotoxic machinery, uterine NK (uNK) cells remain tolerant at the maternal-fetal interface. The mechanisms that facilitate the uNK cell tolerance are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) C, a proangiogenic factor produced by uNK cells, is responsible for their noncytotoxic activity. VEGF C-producing uNK cells support endovascular processes as demonstrated in a three-dimensional coculture model of capillary tube formation on Matrigel. Peripheral blood NK cells fail to produce VEGF C and remain cytotoxic. This response can be reversed by exogenous VEGF C. We show that cytoprotection by VEGF C can be related to induction of the TAP-1 expression and MHC class I assembly in target cells. Small interfering RNA-mediated silencing of TAP-1 expression abolished the VEGF C-imparted protection. Overall, these results demonstrate that empowerment of uNK cells with angiogenic factors keeps them noncytotoxic. This phenotype is critical to their pregnancy-compatible immunovascular role during placentation and fetal development.
Determinants of Business Models Innovation of Islamic Bank in Indonesia

Purpose: This study analyzes the effect of dynamic capabilities, customer knowledge management, and religiosity each as a determinant that drives all components and systems in an organization to run business model innovations, to improve business performance to be healthy and to grow sustainably. Design/Methodology/Approach: The quantitative, descriptive and explanatory analysis was taken by using the SEM-PLS method. Research data were collected through questionnaires with participants of this study being senior managers of Indonesia Islamic banks. Findings: The results show that religiosity variable together with the Customer Knowledge Management and Dynamic Capability variables simultaneously and partially through business model innovations are proved to influence business performance. Religiosity variables are positive and significant determinants of business model innovation. Religiosity, Customer Knowledge Management, and Dynamic Capability do not directly influence business performance. Practical Implications: The results show that the religiosity variable, alongside Customer Knowledge Management and Dynamic Capability variables simultaneously through business model innovations influences business performance and they can be used by the top management to improve performance. Originality/Value: The study implies a recommendation for Islamic banks to allocate enough resources and invest in improving learning capabilities, building tools and methodologies to find out customer needs in depth.
A Different Intracellular Distribution of a Single Reporter Protein Is Determined at Steady State by KKXX or KDEL Retrieval Signals*

To establish the specific contribution to protein topology of KKXX and KDEL retrieval motifs, we have determined by immunogold electron microscopy and cell fractionation the intracellular distribution at steady state of the transmembrane and anchorless versions of human CD8 protein, tagged with KKXX(CD8-E19) and KDEL (CD8-K), respectively, and stably expressed in epithelial rat cells (Martire, G., Mottola, G., Pascale, M. C., Malagolini, N., Turrini, I., Serafini-Cessi, F., Jackson, M. R., and Bonatti, S. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 3541–3547). The CD8-E19 protein is represented by a single form, initially O-glycosylated: only about half of it is located in the endoplasmic reticulum, whereas more than 30% of the total is present in the intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi complex. In the latter compartments, CD8-E19 colocalizes with β-coat protein (COP) (COPI component) and shows the higher density of labeling. Conversely, about 90% of the total CD8-KDEL protein is localized in clusters on the endoplasmic reticulum, where significant co-localization with Sec-23p (COPII component) is observed, and unglycosylated and initiallyO-glycosylated forms apparently constitute a single pool. Altogether, these results suggest that KKXX and KDEL retrieval motifs have different topological effects on theirs own at steady state: the first results in a specific enrichment in the intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi complex, and the latter dictates residency in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Asymmetric pricing due to tacit collusion in a simple dynamic oligopoly model

Diese Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit dem Phanomen der asymmetrischen Preistransmission, welches eine schnellere Reaktion von Verkaufspreisen auf positive Kostenschocks im Vergleich zu negativen Kostenschocks impliziert. Obwohl die Offentlichkeit sowie Regierungsstellen asymmetrische Preistransmission haufig mit Marktmissbrauch gleichsetzen, wurde bisher noch kein formales Modell entwickelt, welches asymmetrische Preistransmission durch Kollusion erklaren kann. Der wichtigste Beitrag dieser Arbeit is daher, ein solches Modell zu entwickeln. In meinem Modell fuhren positive Kostenschocks zu einer unmittelbaren Veranderung der Verkaufspreise, da die Verkaufsmarge sonst negativ wurde. Im Gegensatz dazu veranlassen negative Kostenshocks die Firmen, ihre Preise auf dem alten Verkaufspreis zu koordinieren, da dieser Preis einen naturlichen Fokuspunkt fur Kollusion darstellt. Da aber in meinem Modell die Gesamtnachfrage zufallig und unbeobachtbar ist, verwechseln die Firmen zufallige Nachfrageschocks mit Nachfrageschocks, die durch unterbietende Firmen enstehen. Dies fuhrt dazu, dass Kollusion nach einer gewissen Anzahl an Perioden zusammenbricht. Insgesamt kommt es zu asymmetrischer Preistransmission. Diverse andere Modelle asymmetrischer Preistransmission werden ebenfalls in dieser Diplomarbeit prasentiert. Wahrend Consumer-Search Modelle typischerweise eine schwachere Form von asymmetrischer Preistransmission bei einer geringen Anzahl von informierten Konsumenten (d.h. Konsumenten, die samtliche Preise im Markt beobachten) implizieren, sagt mein Modell das Gegenteil voraus. Der Grund hierfur ist, dass Kollusion unter zufalliger und unbeobachtbarer Gesamtnachfrage nur dann aufrecht erhalten werden kann, wenn Firmen erfolgreich eine abweichende Firma bestrafen konnen. Dies ist aber unwahrscheinlich, wenn Abweichung einen sehr kleinen Effekt hat, wie das bei einer geringen Anzahl von informierten Konsumenten der Fall ist.
Comparative effects of different strains of Corynebacterium parvum on natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Because there are conflicting reports regarding the effects of Corynebacterium parvum (CP) on natural killer (NK) cell activity, several different strains of CP were compared. In replicate experiments, age- and sex-matched mice received 0.25-mg i.p. injections of one of four types of CP; formalin-killed strain 6134; heat-killed strain 6134; formalin-killed strain 5888 (actually Corynebacterium granulosum); or formalin-killed CP from the Pasteur Institute. At various days thereafter, two to three mice from each group were sacrificed to determine spleen weight, cellularity, and NK cell activity versus YAC-1 lymphoma cells. The CP from the Pasteur Institute augmented NK cell activity 3 days following injections; however, the activity returned to normal by Day 7 and remained at that level. On the other hand, strain 5888 did not cause as great an increase in lytic activity as did the Pasteur Institute CP at Day 3; but by Day 10 after injection, NK cell levels were above control, and they remained elevated through Day 21. Both the heat-killed and formalin-killed preparations of strain 6134 stimulated NK cell activity initially but resulted in a loss of activity at the later times tested. Experiments done with different doses and routes of injection yielded similar results. Thus, we were able to demonstrate that different types of CP have different effects on NK cell activity in mice and that the general kinetics of these effects were independent of dose or route of administration.
Can Discourse Relations be Identified Incrementally?

Humans process language word by word and construct partial linguistic structures on the fly before the end of the sentence is perceived. Inspired by this cognitive ability, incremental algorithms for natural language processing tasks have been proposed and demonstrated promising performance. For discourse relation (DR) parsing, however, it is not yet clear to what extent humans can recognize DRs incrementally, because the latent ‘nodes’ of discourse structure can span clauses and sentences. To answer this question, this work investigates incrementality in discourse processing based on a corpus annotated with DR signals. We find that DRs are dominantly signaled at the boundary between the two constituent discourse units. The findings complement existing psycholinguistic theories on expectation in discourse processing and provide direction for incremental discourse parsing.
The Impact of Management Accounting and How It Can Be Implemented into the Organizational Culture

Management accounting is increasingly becoming a critical decision making process in organizations across the world. Value in any organization has to do with the ability to generate profits and solve societal issues within the environment which the organization exists. This publication not only encourages the utilization of this system but also promotes the consistent application through the recommended approaches as discussed. To ensure consistency once the process of management accounting is adopted, it has to be adopted as a culture within the organization. This form of accounting, just like financial accounting is a type of enterprise management financial management tool, however, in MA, operations are analyzed for strategic decision making but in FA operations and costs ae analyzed mainly for reporting convincing investors on the sustainability of the business.
Class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase is activated by insulin but not by contraction in skeletal muscle.

While the role of the class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) in insulin signaling is well established, little is known about the role of the class II PI 3-kinases. We show that insulin stimulation of intact rat soleus and epitrochlearis muscles causes a 3- to 4-fold increase in the activity of the wortmannin-resistant alpha isoform of the class II PI 3-kinase (PI3K-C2alpha). This activation is rapid and parallels the insulin-induced activation of the class IA PI 3-kinase associated with IRS-1 in these muscles. However, while contraction activated p38 Map kinase, it did not stimulate the activity of the class II PI 3-kinase. Therefore, activation of class II PI 3-kinase is unlikely to provide a mechanism that explains the fact that exercise-induced activation of glucose uptake is not blocked by wortmannin. However, the results suggest that activation of class II PI 3-kinase is likely to play a role in insulin signaling pathways in skeletal muscle.
Cinematographic analysis of the handspring vault.

Abstract Handspring vaults performed by 10 advanced-level female gymnasts were analyzed using a three-segment model. Kinematic variables and energy changes were measured for the preflight, contact, and after-flight phases. Each vault was scored with regard to kinematic factors only, and a correlation matrix between all of the measured variables was calculated. It was found that even though the preflight variables of the gymnasts as they left the takeoff board were very similar, their vertical velocities at initial horse contact varied considerably, with the poorest vaults showing downward velocities. This appeared to be a principal factor determining the outcome of the vault. All gymnasts lost horizontal speed, angular momentum, and mechanical energy during the contact phase.