Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Un estudio sociolingüístico. Sistemas de tratamiento de la juventud de valladolid

0. Introduccion Con la realizacion de una encuesta hecha a 28 jovenes se pretende dar una idea acerca del sistema de tratamiento que rige actualmente en la ciudad de Valladolid. Los encuestados son todos o bien estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad de Valladolid o bien ya licenciados en un plazo no superior a dos anos y su edad oscila entre los 18 y 28 anos. De igual manera todos ellos residen en la ciudad de Valladolid. En cuanto al sexo de los informantes, el 60,71% son varones y el 39,28% son mujeres. El corpus que se ha utilizado para realizar este estudio tal vez no pueda ser considerado lo suficientemente grande para poder sacar conclusiones generales sobre los sistemas de tratamientos que impera en Valladolid, pero si que puede sernos util para hacernos una idea de cual es el sistema pronominal y nominal que rige en las relaciones de los jovenes universitarios de la capital castellana. Dicha encuesta pregunta por el tratamiento nominal y pronominal que se da, en primer lugar, a familiares y, en segundo lugar, a personas no familiares pertenecientes a distintos grupos sociales y de diferente edad. Se parte de las dos primeras hipotesis formuladas por Borrego (1978: 5369): Hipotesis 1: el uso de T esta ligado al factor estatus socio-profesional del receptor. Hipotesis 2: el uso de T y de V esta ligado al factor edad del receptor. La razon de no haber tenido en cuenta la hipotesis 3 se debe, como ellos mismos indican, a que las diferencias de tratamiento motivadas por el sexo
Development of tunneling detection model: A new corporate performance improvement

ABSTRACT Tunneling through related party transactions is one of the most challenging aspects in corporate governance. In addition, the impact of tunneling activities may affect to corporate governance’s performance in most of Asian countries. Yet, studies on the effectiveness of corporate governance in relation to tunneling are still limited and the results have been inconclusive. This study tries to develop a detection model to distinguish related party transactions that can be categorised as tunneling activities. Furthermore, this study also examines whether corporate governance mechanisms can explain the tunneling activities. The main findings of this study suggest that companies, in Indonesian listed companies, with concentrated ownerships have a greater tendency to conduct tunneling transactions compared to companies with dispersed ownerships, and the overall corporate governance mechanisms implemented by the companies could not be used as predictors for tunneling behaviour. Keywords: Tunneling; corporate governance; related party transactions; asset tunneling; quality and performance improvement; Indonesian listed companies ABSTRAK Terowong melalui urus niaga dengan pihak berkaitan adalah salah satu aspek yang paling mencabar dalam tadbir urus korporat. Di samping itu, kesan aktiviti terowong boleh menjejaskan prestasi tadbir urus korporat di kebanyakan negara-negara Asia. Namun, kajian mengenai keberkesanan tadbir urus korporat berhubung dengan terowong adalah masih terhad dan keputusan belum meyakinkan. Kajian ini cuba untuk membangunkan model pengesanan untuk membezakan urus niaga pihak berkaitan yang boleh dikategorikan sebagai aktiviti terowong. Tambahan pula, kajian ini juga mengkaji sama ada mekanisme tadbir urus korporat tersebut dapat menjelaskan aktiviti terowong yang berlaku. Penemuan utama kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa syarikat-syarikat, iaitu syarikat Indonesia yang tersenarai, dengan pemilikan berpusat mempunyai kecenderungan yang lebih besar untuk menjalankan urus niaga terowong berbanding syarikat yang mempunyai pemilikan terpencar, dan mekanisme tadbir urus korporat yang menyeluruh dilaksanakan oleh syarikat-syarikat tidak boleh digunakan sebagai peramal bagi kelakuan terowong. Kata kunci: Model terowong; tadbir urus korporat; urus niaga pihak berkaitan; terowong aset; kualiti dan peningkatan prestasi; syarikat tersenarai Indonesia
Local empirical model of ionospheric plasma density derived from Digisonde measurements at Irkutsk

Ionogram data from routine ionospheric observations in Irkutsk, Russia using a DPS-4 Digisonde sounder were hand-scaled for the 6-year period from December 2002 to December 2008 to derive a local empirical model of the electron density distribution in the bottomside ionosphere that provides a comprehensive description of the diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity variations of the major ionospheric characteristics. The paper describes the technique for building the local empirical model and the results of comparing its diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity specifications with the standard IRI-2007 climatological model for the same period of time, and retrospective observational data from the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar (1976–2002) and a collocated Digisonde (1989–1990, 1998–2004). Reasoning for the observed differences between the three datasets is then provided in terms of background physical phenomena. Primary focus of the paper is the behavior of three F2 layer characteristics: the F2 peak density (NmF2), the peak height (hmF2) and the bottomside thickness (B0).
Dynamics of Physico-Chemical Values in Sohshang (Elaegnus latifolia L.) across Maturity

Sohshang (Elaegnus latifolia L.) is a large evergreen spreading type woody shrub mostly grown in semi-wild condition in the backyard garden throughout Northeast India. It is harvested during February- April when most of the major fruits are not available in the market. However, a bulk quantity of the fruit gets damaged during the process of handling and marketing due to harvesting of fruits at improper stage. Therefore, standardization of harvest maturity is required to reduce post harvest loss. Dynamics of physico-chemical values like fruit colour, pulp: seed ratio, moisture content, specific gravity, fibre, texture, total soluble sugar (TSS), ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, s-carotene, tannins, etc. were analyzed at different stages of maturity to determine the harvest maturity of Sohshang. The present study indicated that the right stage of fruit harvesting is 75-80 days after fruit setting when the fruits develop deep orange colour and attain optimum fruit weight (11.55-61 g), TSS (>11.0 0Brix) and TSS: Acidity ratio (>3). Moreover, the fruits harvested at this stage had all the desirable qualities with a better shelf life.
Satellite Data Assimilation in Numerical Weather Prediction Models. Part I: Forward Radiative Transfer and Jacobian Modeling in Cloudy Atmospheres

Satellite data assimilation requires rapid and accurate radiative transfer and radiance gradient models. For a vertically stratified scattering and emitting atmosphere, the vector discrete-ordinate radiative transfer model (VDISORT) was developed to derive all Stokes radiance components at the top of the atmosphere. This study further enhances the VDISORT to compute the radiance gradients or Jacobians. The band matrix used in the VDISORT is simplified and confined along the diagonal direction so that the Jacobians relative to atmospheric and surface parameters are directly derived from its analytic solutions. The radiances and Jacobians at various wavelengths from the VDISORT are compared against those from other techniques that have been benchmarked before. It is shown that the present method is accurate and computationally efficient. In the VDISORT, both emissivity vector and reflectivity matrix are integrated as part of the radiance and Jacobian calculations. In this study, only the emissivity models at microwave frequencies are tested and implemented for VDISORT applications. Over oceans, a full polarimetric emissivity model is utilized. The cutoff wavenumber separating the large-scale waves from the small-scale waves is derived from an ocean wave spectrum model. Over land, a microwave emissivity model previously developed is used to compute various emissivity spectra.
İlköğretim öğrencilerinin saldırgan davranışları ile yaş, cinsiyet, başarı durumu ve öfke arasındaki ilişkiler

Bu calismada, ilkogretim ogrencilerinin saldirgan davranislari ile yas, cinsiyet, algilanan akademik basari ve ofke arasindaki iliskiler incelenmistir. Calisma, 2008–2009 egitim-ogretim yilinda Edirne merkez ilcesindeki bes resmi ilkogretim okulunda ogrenim goren, 9–14 yaslari arasindaki 520 (% 49.8’i kiz, % 50.2’si erkek) ogrencinin katilimi ile gerceklesmistir. Calismada, ogrencilerin ofke ve saldirganlik duzeyleri ile ilgili veri toplamak icin Kisisel Bilgi Formu, Saldirganlik Olcegi ve Surekli Ofke-Ofke Tarz Olcegi kullanilmistir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, Pearson momentler carpimi korelasyon katsayisi ve hiyerarsik coklu regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Sonuclar, ilkogretim ogrencilerinin saldirgan davranislari ile yas, cinsiyet, algilanan basari durumu ve ofke arasinda anlamli ve pozitif iliskiler bulunmustur. Ofkenin, ogrencilerin saldirgan davranislarini anlamli duzeyde yordadigi bulunmustur. Calismanin sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara dayali olarak saldirganligin onlenmesi ile ilgili calismalara yardimci olabilecek bazi onerilerde bulunulmustur
Selecting Between One‐Dimensional and Two‐Dimensional Hydrodynamic Models for Ecohydraulic Analysis

Aquatic habitat assessment and river restoration design require geospatially explicit maps of hydraulic conditions. Diverse mechanistic ecohydraulic models compute spatially explicit depth and velocity results to evaluate habitat suitability spatially as a function of these abiotic conditions. This study compared depth and velocity results from two‐dimensional (2D) and one‐dimensional (1D) hydraulic models with algorithms that laterally discretize 1D velocity and interpolate depth and velocity spatially based on the Laplacian heat mapping approach. These ‘conveyance distributed’ methods constitute ‘best 1D modelling practice’ and were compared with 2D results for the first time. The 1D and 2D models were applied to three morphologically distinct reaches (leveed, meandering, and anastomosing) for three flows (base, bankfull, and flood flows) of the partially regulated, gravel/cobble lower Yuba River in north–central California. The test metrics were the coefficient of determination (R2) and the median absolute residual ( ε˜ ). These metrics quantified the incremental uncertainty 1D approximation incurs, results which make explicit cost–benefit processes of model selection possible. Finally, velocity residual maps were analysed to identify regions and processes where residuals were high, indicating divergence from the 1D assumptions. Paired data (1D–2D) fell between 0.94 ≥ R2 ≥ 1.00 (R2mean = 0.98 and R2median = 0.99) for depth and median absolute residuals were all 3.8 ≤ ε˜ ≤ 7.2% (i.e. 50% of residuals are approximately within ±1.7 to 3.6%). Higher flows and lower gradient reaches had lower residuals and higher R2. Velocity diverged more, particularly for base flow in anastomosing reaches (0.42 < R2 < 0.58). One‐dimensional, conveyance distributed, assumptions performed better for other channel types, where 0.69 < R2 < 0.81 (R2mean = 0.75 and R2median = 0.77), with median absolute residuals between 9.6% > ε˜ > 22.4% (i.e. ~ ± 4.6 to ±11.2%), where ε˜mean = 14.2% and ε˜median = 13% (~ ±7.1 and 6.5%). The conveyance distributed 1D velocity model performed best, where the orthogonal flow assumptions obtained and where side channels did not transition from backwater to conveying area between flows. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth performance, haematology and insulin profile of weanling pigs fed graded levels zinc oxide supplemented diet

Landrace x Duroc crossbred intact male pigs (n=24) weighing between 11.05 to 11.35kg and aged 7.5 to 8.0 weeks were assigned to four treatments groups (A, B, C and D) by a complete randomized design. A common grower diet was supplemented with ZnO at 100 (A,control), 1000 (B), 1500 (C) and 2000mg/kg (D), and fed to the animals ad libitum for 10 weeks.Their feed intake, weight gainand feed: gain, packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), total white blood cell (TWBC),differential white blood cell (DWBC) and insulin profile were determined. There were no significant(P > 0.05) differences indailyfeed intake,feed: gain and in most haematological parameters investigated.Lymphocyte count was significantly (P
ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC POTENTIAL OF IPOMOEA BATATAS LEAVES IN VALIDATED DIABETIC ANIMAL MODELS

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the antidiabetic potential of the leaves of Ipomoea batatas . Methods: The crude powder, 95% ethanolic, 50% ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Ipomoea batatas leaves were administered to normoglycemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats in a single dose study. The chloroform, butanol and aqueous fractions of aqueous extract were investigated for their antihyperglycemic on STZ-induced diabetic rats. Multiple dose study of an aqueous fraction was also done in STZ and neonatal STZ-induced diabetic rats. Further, the aqueous fraction was measured against the alpha glucosidase and aldose reductase enzymes, and glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. Results: The aqueous extract showed significant lowering of postprandial hyperglycemia of post sucrose loaded normal rats and significantly declined the blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous fraction at a single dose of 100 mg/kg b. w in comparison with chloroform and butanol fractions significantly lowered the blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous fraction in a multiple dose study were found to significantly improved the percent glycated hemoglobin (%HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), serum insulin, lipid profile, liver and kidney parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Marked improvement in OGTT and serum insulin levels was also found in neonatal STZ-induced diabetic rats. In vitro study, the aqueous fraction of I. batatas increased glucose uptake in L6 myotubes and inhibits the α-glucosidase and aldose reductase enzymes. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the significant antidiabetic activity of the I. batatas leaves by promoting insulin secretion, alpha glucosidase and aldose reductase enzyme inhibition.
Practical aspects of Kelvin-probe force microscopy at solid/liquid interfaces in various liquid media

The distributions of surface charges or surface potentials on biological molecules and electrodes are directly related to various biological functions and ionic adsorptions, respectively. Electrostatic force microscopy and Kelvin-probe force microscopy (KFM) are useful scanning probe techniques that can map local surface charges and potentials. Here, we report the measurement and analysis of the electrostatic and capacitive forces on the cantilever tip induced by application of an alternating voltage in order to discuss the feasibility of measuring the surface charge or potential distribution at solid/liquid interfaces in various liquid media. The results presented here suggest that a nanometer-scale surface charge or potential measurement by the conventional voltage modulation techniques is only possible under ambient conditions and in a non-polar medium and is difficult in an aqueous solution. Practically, the electrostatic force versus dc voltage curve in water does not include the minimum, which is us.
Effect of different concentrations of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth and yield of carrot (Daucus carota L.)

The field experiment was carried out at Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India during Rabi season (Nov-April) 2016-17. The experiment was laid out in 4×4 factorial randomized block design with 16 treatments in three replications. It is concluded that the best yield attributes in namely, plant height (cm) (91.24 cm), number of leaves/plant (12.47), petiole length/plant (cm) (13.38cm), and leaf area (cm2) (75.73cm2), root diameter (cm) (3.53cm), root length (cm) (19.75cm), root yield/treatment (kg) (72.33kg) and root yield/hectare (t/ha) (29.41 tones/ha) in T8 (Z2F1: ZnO NPs @100ppm + FeO NPs @50ppm), and also concluded that the best cost benefit ratio 2.02, was obtained T8 (Z2F1: ZnO NPs @ 100ppm + FeO NPs @ 50ppm).
Antecedents of and their effect on trust in online word-of-mouth : case Finnish discussion forums

The growing importance of digital marketing communications and digital marketing channels has raised challenges in understanding this new environment and consumers’ action within it. Objective of this study was to explore the dynamics of online word-ofmouth and consumers’ trust formation towards it. Literature review offers a comprehensive view to trust in its contradictory nature, to the unique characteristics of online word-of-mouth. Research was explanatory and causal, trying to find relationships between variables derived from previous studies and theory. Quantitative method was employed to measure following latent variables: Trustworthiness of a community, website quality, accuracy, relevance, and comprehensiveness of information, information quality, trust in online word-of-mouth and intention to use a discussion forum. Empirical part concentrated on one type of online communities’, discussion forums’, users’ evaluations of different trust enhancing dimensions and the effect on intention to use the discussion forum. Data was obtained through web-based survey which resulted in 442 valid answers. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique which offers a way to test hypothesized relationships between constructs. Analysis was conducted with LISREL and resulted in modified empirical model as well as rejecting some of the hypotheses. Findings imply that trust in online word-of-mouth is constituted of two dimensions; friendliness of a community and information value. One expected dimension affecting trust in online word-of-mouth, website quality, was not found and had to be left out from the final model. In addition, competence of community user’s and relevancy of information found in discussion forums were excluded from the final analysis. Friendliness of other users is important antecedent of trust in online word-ofmouth, as well as comprehensiveness and accuracy of information. Managers need to understand that comprehensiveness may mean information beyond basic product description; experiences are sought from other users in discussion forums. Trust in online word-of-mouth had a significant impact on future intention to use the discussion forum.
Study of magnetization reversal process in FeCo/Ru/FeCo exchange coupled synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayers

FeCo/Ru/FeCo exchange coupled synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayers were prepared with two sputtering modes. One is continuous sputtering mode, and the other mode is layer-by-layer sputtering mode. The former mode implies that substrate faced the target and film growth process was continuous when FeCo layers were sputtering, whereas the latter implies that substrate was rotating with the mask at a speed of 5 rpm when FeCo layers were sputtering. It was found that the exchange coupling field Hex of sample sputtered by layer-by-layer mode was higher than the one sputtered by continuous mode. Domain structures were measured with applying varied in-plane magnetic fields along the easy axis in order to study the magnetization reversal process. We found it is a domain wall move process. When the applied field is smaller than Hex, both the two magnetic layers have domain structure and the domain structure of the two layers is reversed correspondingly. When the applied field is varying in the range of -Hex to Hex, the domain wall of the two layers moves correspondingly at the same time.
Characterization of T24D1.4(ok809) a putative alpha-1,2 glucosyltransferase in C. elegans and detailed structural analysis of the lipid linked oligosaccharide pathway via MSN

The formation of glycoconjugates, lipids or proteins covalently linked to carbohydrate groups in biological systems, is a universal process in every form of life studied to date. The carbohydrate moiety of glycoconjugates range in complexity from single monomers to intricately branched structures containing over a dozen residues. This complexity is further compounded by the incorporation of several different monomer types with varying linkage positions and branching patterns. The number of possible carbohydrate structures is astronomical providing significant challenges to characterize, study, and catalog these molecules. Furthermore, assigning biological consequence can be a daunting task considering the numerous interactions caused by the infinite number of biochemical reactions. Methods often focus on one type of glycoconjugate or even a single structure help understand such complexity. The projects described here will attempt to examine the role of the lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) pathway in the formation of N-glycans from a genetic and structural perspective.
A Model for Conducting Security Assessment within an Organisation

Security Assessment is widely used to audit security protection of web applications. However, it is often performed by outside security experts or third parties appointed by a company. The problem appears when the assessment involves highly confidential areas which might impact the company’s data privacy where important information may be accessed and revealed by the third party. Even though the company and third party might have signed a non-disclosure agreement, it is still considered a high risk since confidential information on infrastructure and architecture are already exposed. It is important to keep the confidential information within the project team members to protect the data used by the system. Therefore, this paper proposes a model to conduct internal security assessment to ensure all organisational assets are protected and secured. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the activities and processes involved in conducting the security assessment. Keywords-Web application; vulnerability; security testing; security assessment; penetration testing.
Herbicide Exposure to Maize Farmers in Northern Thailand: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices

Herbicide products have been heavily used by maize farmers in Thailand. The knowledge, attitude, and p ractices of herbicide use and exposure were evaluated the as sociation in maize farmers in Nanoi district, Nan p rovince. The total response rate was 73.3%. The results were found that 79.9% was male and 70.8% was 35-53 year s old. 36.1% reported health effects after spraying. Never theless, 48.6% of maize farmers had high knowledge level, 69.3% had positive attitudes, and 93.9% had good pr actices. Statistically significant associations (p< 0.05) were found between the knowledge and the attitudes (r =0 .37), the knowledge and the practices (r=0.24), and the attitude and the practices (r=0.2). However, the ma jority of maize farmers have high knowledge, positi ve attitude, good practices, but the maize farmers still had her bicides poisoning symptoms. Therefore, double check was necessarily conducted through the qualitative metho d. The important finding was that when the maize fa rmers applied herbicides, they did not use the personal p rotective equipments, because personal protective e quipments could cause discomfort. Moreover, some maize farmer s improperly used personal protective equipments. T hese results were directly opposite to the results that obtained by face to face interview. Therefore, the risk communication and the implementation of personal pr otective equipments are necessary to provide for encouraging their health effect concern and decreas ing their risk of herbicide exposure.