Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurements of the Mass and Radius of a Neutron Star: consequences for the Equation of State of dense nuclear matter

The neutron star low-mass X-ray binary EXO 0748-676 started a transition from outburst to quiescence in 2008, after more than 24 years of continuous accretion. Here, I use the spectral fitting package XSPEC to analyse the X-ray spectra of four XMM-Newton observations, elapsing a period of over four years, that started in March 2009. I confirm that cooling NS models, modified by interstellar absorption, provide the best fits to the spectra. Both hydrogen and helium NS atmosphere models can account for the observed flux levels. I detect a gaussian line feature that accounts for ∼10% of the total flux. From the spectral fits, I infer limits to the mass and radius of the neutron star. I find that the recent outburst cannot by itself account for the mass reached by the neutron star. By comparing the best-fit masses and radii to theoretical predictions, I find that none of the proposed equations of state for dense, cold nuclear matter can account for the mass and radius predicted by the helium atmosphere model. Therefore, I conclude that the NS atmosphere of EXO 0748-676 is mainly composed of hydrogen. Furthermore, I deduce that the internal composition of neutron stars is dominated by neutrons and protons, rather than hyperons, kaons or quark matter. Finally, I find that the line feature is most likely due to imperfections in the abundance and cross sections tables used to describe the interstellar medium. If it is a real emission line, it is presumably produced by highly ionised carbon in the NS atmosphere.
A new method for dynamic reduction of power system using PAM algorithm

This paper presents a new coherency identification method for dynamic reduction of power system so that the changes in dynamic response of reduced equivalent system would be minimized. It is based on PAM algorithm and used to identify optimal coherent group of each generators using coherency. The coherency between generators is evaluated from nonlinear simulation time response and it is proposed as dissimilarity index in this paper. Using that index, optimal coherent generator group is determined to minimize sum of these indices for each group. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed generator clustering algorithm, test case is evaluated through IEEE 39-bus test system using PSS/E computer program. The clustering algorithm is compared with other coherency identification method and it show that proposed algorithm is a better estimate of original system.
Preliminary asthma -related outcomes following glucagon - like peptide 1 agonist therapy.

The published reviews of novel therapies in chronic airways disease. 1 There is a potentially novel role for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists in obesity-related, metabolic asthma, though clinical trial data are lacking. 2 On the basis of work with other inflammatory states, we hypothesised that clinically-indicated use of GLP-1 agonists for glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) would be safe in those with concomitant asthma, potentially leading to im-proved asthma control and fewer asthma exacerbations. 3 In a pilot observational cohort study, we prospectively identified nine patients with pulmonologist-diagnosed asthma (never-smokers) and concomitant T2DM who were about to be initiated on clinically-indicated liraglutide for T2DM in the course of routine clinical care, and assessed them for asthma-related indices at baseline and 52weeks after initiating liraglutide. All received routine asthma care. Baseline characteristics of the study cohort are as shown (Table 1). Seven of the nine subjects who
A Study of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Foot Problems in a Population of Diabetic Patients in Cameroon

Foot problems are common in diabetic patients and are one of the most expensive chronic complications to treat. The authors sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors of the diabetic foot in a clinic population. In this cross-sectional study of 300 diabetic patients, the authors reviewed records, carried out an interview, and performed a meticulous foot examination with assessment of neuropathy (monofilaments and tuning fork) and ischemia (pulses). Foot lesions were classified according to Wagner grades. The prevalence of foot lesions was 13.0% (inpatients 25.6% and outpatients 11.1%). Diabetic neuropathy assessed using monofilaments was found in 81 patients (27.3%) (monofilaments). The prevalence of ischemia was 21.3% and deformity was 17.3%, whereas 37 patients (12.3%) had a previous history of foot lesions. Foot examination was done in 14.3% of patients, and 47% had a risky nail-trimming habit, whereas 22% wore ill-fitting shoes. The prevalence of diabetic foot lesions is high, and known risk factors are significantly present, especially poor foot care.
Endothelial control of long bone vascular resistance

This in viro study investigates whether intraosseous endothelial cells can regulate long bone blood flow by secretion of vasodilator prostaglandin and EDRF (endothelium‐derived relaxing factor). Canine tibia were perfused through the nutrient artery at a constant flow rate, and the increases in perfusion pressure caused by standard doses of norepinephirine were recorded first under control conditions and then during acetylcholine infusion. Acetyl‐ choline attenuated the norepinephrine pressure responses (−62±3%). This attenuatintg effect of acetylcholine was partially abolished by inhibition of pros‐taglandin synthesis (−20±6%) and completely abolished by inhibition of EDRF synthesis (+73±43%) or combined inhibition of prostaglandin and EDRF synthesis (+134±30%). These results are statistically significant (p < 0.0001) and suggest that both EDRF and vasodilator prostaglandin are synthesized by intraosseous endothelial cells, and can modify long bone vascular resistance. Thus, as in other organs, intraosseous endothelial cells may provide bone with an autoregulatory control mechanism and enable it to respond to a diverse group of vasodilator stimuli.
Functional analysis and case-control study of -160C/A polymorphism in the E-cadherin gene promoter: association with cancer risk.

BACKGROUND A C-->A polymorphism within the CDH1 (E-cadherin) promoter seems to be associated with a reduced efficiency of gene transcription in vitro. Due to the crucial role of E-cadherin in epithelia, tissue-specific effect of C-->A change on CDH1 transcription was tested and a case-control study was performed on patients affected with epithelial tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS The -178/+93 CDH1 region containing either C or A nucleotide was inserted upstream of the Luciferase reporter gene in the pGL-2 vector, and the construct activity was assessed by transient transfection assay in HeLa and HCT116 cells. RESULTS A significantly lower activity for pGL-2A was found compared to pGL-2C, both in HeLa (54% decrease) and in HCT116 (67% decrease) cells. Genotyping of 246 controls and 505 patients affected with breast, gastric, colorectal, cervical and endometrial cancers demonstrated an association between the A allele and an increased risk of colorectal, gastric and endometrial tumors (1.66-, 1.81- and 2.35-fold, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data support the notion that the A allele may act as a low-penetrance cancer susceptibility gene.
Add-on treatment with teneligliptin ameliorates glucose fluctuations and improves glycemic control index in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.

BACKGROUND This study investigated whether teneligliptin, a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, ameliorated glucose fluctuations in hospitalized Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin therapy, with or without other antidiabetes drugs, and using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-six patients with type 2 diabetes were admitted for glycemic control. After admission, patients continued to be treated with optimal dietary therapy plus insulin therapy, with or without other antidiabetes drugs, until they achieved stable glycemic control. CGM measurements were made for 7 consecutive days. On Days 1-3, patients received insulin with or without other antidiabetes drugs, and on Days 4-7, teneligliptin 20 mg once daily at breakfast was added to ongoing therapy. Doses of insulin were fixed during the study. Levels of serum glycated albumin (GA), 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol (1,5-AG), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. RESULTS Add-on treatment with teneligliptin led to significant improvements in 24-h mean glucose levels, the proportion of time in normoglycemia, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, and total area under the curve within 2 h after each meal. The proportion of time in hypoglycemia and hsCRP levels did not increase significantly compared with before teneligliptin. Values of 1,5-AG and GA were significantly improved by treatment with teneligliptin. CONCLUSIONS Addition of teneligliptin to insulin therapy led to a significant improvement in diurnal glycemic control and significant reductions in glucose fluctuations in 24-h periods without increasing hypoglycemia in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy, with or without other antidiabetes agents.
Evaluation of Zidovudine recommended doses in HIV-1 infected 1 children : a population pharmacokinetics study 2 3

3 Floris Fauchet a,b (#),PharmD, Jean-Marc Treluyer , MD, PhD , Pierre Frange, MD, 4 Saik Urien , MD, PhD, Frantz Foissac , PhD,, Naim Bouazza , PhD , Sihem Benaboud , 5 PharmD, PhD, Stephane Blanche, MD, Déborah Hirt , PharmD, PhD 6 7 a EA 3620 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France, 8 b Unité de Recherche Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Tarnier, Paris, France, 9 c Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre, France, 10 d CIC-0901 Inserm, Cochin-Necker, Paris, France, 11 e Unité d′immunologie, hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, Hôpital Necker, APHP, France 12 13 Corresponding author: 14 Floris Fauchet, Unité de Recherche Clinique, AP-HP, Hôpital Tarnier 89 rue d’Assas, 75006 15 Paris, France 16 Email : florisfauchet@gmail.com 17 18 Running title: ZDV Population pharmacokinetics 19 20 21 22 Copyright © 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.00911-13 AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 22 July 2013
CHARGE syndrome: Relations between behavioral characteristics and medical conditions

The behaviors and medical problems in 27 persons with CHARGE syndrome were studied, because it was hypothesized that their behavior might be partly dependent on the heterogeneous medical status. With the exception of more tics, cardiac surgery was associated with positive behaviors: less withdrawn behavior, better mood, and a more easy temperament. Tube feeding was also related to positive behavior, since participants with a history of tube feeding showed less intense behavior. Cerebral deficits were associated with three problem behaviors: more intense and withdrawn behavior and a worse mood. Deafblindness was associated with developmental delays in expressive and overall communication level, and recurrent middle ear infections correlated with delays in written language. Of all medical conditions, only the presence or absence of heart defects and cardiac surgery could differentiate between the participants with regard to the number of behavioral problems. Participants with heart surgery especially, had less behavior problems. The number of operations and hospitalizations was not associated with behavior, but the total length of the hospitalizations was. Long hospital stays were associated with less problem behavior, especially internalizing behaviors. Cerebral and heart problems did not result in longer hospital stays, whereas esophageal reflux did. Age effects were reflected in older participants, who showed more internalizing problems. Heart surgery and hospitalization may be protective factors, but the protection might not be the actual surgery or hospital stay, as there may be other variables that are the actual cause, such as reduced vitality or altered parent child interactions after heart surgery. The study could not confirm a significant association between medical conditions and autism found in previous studies. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trends in lipid levels and hypercholesterolemia in hypertensive and normotensive Finnish adults from 1982 to 1997

Abstract. Kastarinen M, Tuomilehto J, Vartiainen E, Jousilahti P, Sundvall J, Puska P, Nissinen A (University of Kuopio, Kuopio; National Public Health Institute, Helsinki; Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland). Trends in lipid levels and hypercholesterolemia in hypertensive and normotensive Finnish adults from 1982 to 1997. J Intern Med 2000; 247: 53–62.
Comparative laboratory evaluation of three antigen detection methods for diagnosis of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease

Cerebrospinal fluid, urine, serum, and other body fluid specimens from pediatric patients with systemic disease were tested with Bactigen latex agglutination (555 specimens), Phadebact coagglutination (319 specimens), and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (335 specimens) for the presence of Haemophilus influenzae type b antigen. All three methods showed good sensitivity for detecting antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with culture-positive meningitis (greater than or equal to 86% sensitivity). However, coagglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis were much less sensitive (less than or equal to 40%) than latex agglutination (96%) for detecting antigen in other body fluid specimens in culture-positive, nonmeningeal H. influenzae disease. Bactigen latex agglutination was also more sensitive than the other procedures for detecting antigen in specimens from patients with culture-negative, presumed H. influenzae disease. Comparative testing of fluids spiked with known quantities of purified H. influenzae b polyribosephosphate capsular polysaccharide revealed an apparent 100-fold greater sensitivity with Bactigen as compared with the other two methods. Although all three methods showed good specificity (greater than 98%), both agglutination methods gave a few false-positive results. In a clinical setting where both meningeal and nonmeningeal H. influenzae b disease are encountered frequently, Bactigen latex agglutination appears to be superior to coagglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoresis for detecting antigen in body fluids.
Pyramidal Neurons Are Generated from Oligodendroglial Progenitor Cells in Adult Piriform Cortex

Previous studies have shown that oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) can give rise to neurons in vitro and in perinatal cerebral cortex in vivo. We now report that OPCs in adult murine piriform cortex express low levels of doublecortin, a marker for migratory and immature neurons. Additionally, these OPCs express Sox2, a neural stem cell marker, and Pax6, a transcription factor characteristic of progenitors for cortical glutamatergic neurons. Genetic fate-mapping by means of an inducible Cre–LoxP recombination system proved that these OPCs differentiate into pyramidal glutamatergic neurons in piriform cortex. Several lines of evidence indicated that these newly formed neurons became functionally integrated into the cortical neuronal network. Our data suggest that NG2+/PDGFRα+ proteolipid protein promoter-expressing progenitors generate pyramidal glutamatergic neurons within normal adult piriform cortex.
Grifola frondosa Glycoprotein GFG-3a Arrests S phase, Alters Proteome, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer Cells

ABSTRACT GFG-3a is a novel glycoprotein previously purified from the fermented mycelia of Grifola frondosa with novel sugar compositions and protein sequencing. The present study aims to investigate its effects on the cell cycle, differential proteins expression, and apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. Our findings revealed that GFG-3a induced the cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at S phase. GFG-3a treatment resulted in the differential expression of 21 proteins in SGC-7901 cells by upregulating 10 proteins including RBBP4 associated with cell cycle arrest and downregulating 11 proteins including RUVBL1, NPM, HSP90AB1, and GRP78 involved in apoptosis and stress response. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis also suggested that GFG-3a could increase the expressions of Caspase-8/-3, p53, Bax, and Bad while decrease the expressions of Bcl2, Bcl-xl, PI3K, and Akt1. These results indicated that the stress response, p53-dependent mitochondrial-mediated, Caspase-8/-3-dependent, and PI3k/Akt pathways were involved in the GFG-3a-induced apoptosis process in SGC-7901 cells. These findings might provide a basis to prevent or treat human gastric cancer with GFG-3a and understand the tumor-inhibitory molecular mechanisms of mushroom glycoproteins.
Long Live Love+: evaluation of the implementation of an online school-based sexuality education program in the Netherlands

Schools are a common setting for adolescents to receive health education, but implementation of these programs with high levels of completeness and fidelity is not self-evident. Programs that are only partially implemented (completeness) or not implemented as instructed (fidelity) are unlikely to be effective. Therefore, it is important to identify which determinants affect completeness and fidelity of program implementation. As part of the launch of Long Live Love+ (LLL+), an online school-based sexuality education program for adolescents aged 15-17, we performed a process evaluation among teachers and students to measure the levels of completeness and fidelity, identify factors influencing teachers' implementation, and to evaluate the students' response. Sixteen Biology teachers from nine secondary schools throughout the Netherlands who implemented LLL+ were interviewed and 60 students participated in 13 focus group discussions. Results showed that teachers' completeness ranged between 22-100% (M = 75%). Fidelity was high, but many teachers added elements. Teachers and students enjoyed LLL+, particularly the diversity in the exercises and its interactive character. The most important factors that influenced implementation were time and organizational constraints, lack of awareness on the impact of completeness and fidelity, and student response. These factors should be taken into account when developing school-based prevention programs.
Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater in the Heihe River Basin

In arid environments, groundwater may represent the most important resource for most uses. The chemical evolution of the groundwater provides insight in the interaction of water with the environment and contributes to better resource management. In August 2008, a total of 39 groundwaters were collected, and major chemical ions were measured in order to reveal the hydrochemical component and geochemical processes and groundwater movement in the Heihe River Basin, northwest China. The results show that dominated by Na+, Ca2+, SO42-, HCO3- and Cl-. Most of the shallow groundwater is typically characterized by Na-Mg-SO4-Cl type and Na-Mg- SO4-HCO3 type in deep groundwater. Dissolution of gypsiferous rocks and/or anhydrite -bearing rocks are important processes for chemical compositions of water in the study area, and produce water with increased Na+, Ca2+, SO42- concentrations, and also increased total dissolved solids in groundwater. Mineral dissolution/ weathering of evaporates dominates the major element hydrochemistry in the study area. There is no good hydrological connection to a greater extent for groundwater in the middle and lower reaches.
Trust Dimensions and the Adoption of E-Government in Jordan

E-government project utilization depends on usersâ€™ adoption of the system, where trust is a crucial factor in forcing the intentions to use such systems. This research utilized 105 usable responses from citizens who used and explored e-government services. It was hypothesized that trust in e-government and trust in the Internet, along with perceived risk, will significantly influence trust in E-government, and further intention to use the system. Using path analysis, results supported trust in government and the Internet and did not support perceived risk. Also, trust in e-government significantly influenced intention to use the system. Finally, path analysis indicated a significant mediation of trust in E-government, where direct and indirect effects were estimated. Conclusions and future work are stated at the end.
Further delineation of Kabuki syndrome in 48 well‐defined new individuals

Kabuki syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome. This study of Kabuki syndrome had two objectives. The first was to further describe the syndrome features. In order to do so, clinical geneticists were asked to submit cases—providing clinical photographs and completing a phenotype questionnaire for individuals in whom they felt the diagnosis of Kabuki syndrome was secure. All submitted cases were reviewed by four diagnosticians familiar with Kabuki syndrome. The diagnosis was agreed upon in 48 previously unpublished individuals. Our data on these 48 individuals show that Kabuki syndrome variably affects the development and function of many organ systems. The second objective of the study was to explore possible etiological clues found in our data and from review of the literature. We discuss advanced paternal age, cytogenetic abnormalities, and familial cases, and explore syndromes with potentially informative overlapping features. We find support for a genetic etiology, with a probable autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, and speculate that there is involvement of the interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene pathway. Very recently, a microduplication of 8p has been described in multiple affected individuals, the proportion of individuals with the duplication is yet to be determined. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A proportional-integral controller for distance-based formation tracking

This work considers a multi-agent formation control problem where a designated leader is subjected to an additional velocity reference command. The entire formation should follow the leader while maintaining the inter-agent distance constraints. By augmenting a standard gradient formation controller with a proportional-integral control on the formation error, we are able to prove the stability of the formation error dynamics with velocity input while ensuring zero steady-state formation error. Numerical simulations are shown to illustrate the theoretical results.
Granulopoiesis in childhood leukemia

Bone marrow cells from 62 children with acute leukemia were cultured by the double‐layer agar technique. In this system, granulocytic progenitor cells will form colonies (colony forming units or CFU) of mature granulocytes in the overlayer when stimulated by factors (colony stimulating activity or CSA) produced by peripheral blood cells of normal individuals in the underlayer. It was observed that marrow cell cultures from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in relapse had substantially decreased numbers of CFU when compared to normal marrow cells. Marrow cell cultures from three children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) had normal numbers of CFU at the time of diagnosis. After inducing a remission with chemotherapy in children with ALL, an increase in the number of CFU in their marrow cultures was observed. When peripheral blood cells from children with acute leukemia in relapse were used in the underlayer they did not adequately support the growth of normal CFU. It may be concluded that the defect in granulopoiesis observed in ALL may be due to a decrease in CFU as well as decreased production of CSA by their marrow cells.