Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobilization under threat : Emotional appeals and dissent in autocracy

Although participation in opposition politics carries significant risks for many citizens, large numbers consistently turn out to support opposition parties. Why do citizens mobilize against threatening regimes despite the risk of high personal costs? Through an experiment carried out by an opposition party in Zimbabwe, test whether campaign appeals to opposition supporters’ emotions affect their level of political participation in pro-opposition discussion groups. I find that across two different issues, randomly assigned anger appeals increase action on average by 0.38 standard deviations more than enthusiasm appeals with the same informational content. In real terms, this represents between 32% and 174% more participation in the groups assigned to the anger appeals across four different measures of participation. The effects may be strongest in areas with past repression. These results suggest that anger can be an important force for mobilizing political participation in repressive environments. ∗Assistant Professor, UC Davis (leyou@ucdavis.edu, www.laurenelyssayoung.com). My thanks to the team at Transform Zimbabwe for their willingness to partner with an academic researcher and put their communications to an experimental test. Thanks to Graeme Blair, Christopher Blattman, Christopher Claessen, Alexander Coppock, Albert Fang, Grant Gordon, Donald Green, Macartan Humphreys, Elizabeth Levy-Paluck, George Marcus, Isabela Mares, Tamar Mitts, Suresh Naidu, Gabriella Sacramone-Lutz, Anastasia Shesterinina, and Susan Stokes for comments on the design and analysis of this project, as well as seminar audiences at the European Political Science Association, the Households in Conflict Network, and American Political Science Association annual meetings. The author thanks the U.S. Institute for Peace, the International Peace Research Association Foundation, and the National Science Foundation for support for her travel and time. The intervention described in this paper was funded and implemented by Transform Zimbabwe. This study was determined to be “not human subjects research” by the Columbia University Institutional Review Board decision on protocol AAAP0700. The research design and hypotheses were preregistered on the EGAP design database on March 20, 2015, and can be accessed at http://egap.org/registration/741.
ScienceDirect Water consumption in summer maize and winter wheat cropping system based on SEBAL model in Huang-HuaiHai Plain , China

Crop consumptive water use is recognized as a key element to understand regional water management performance. This study documents an attempt to apply a regional evapotranspiration model (SEBAL) and crop information for assessment of regional crop (summer maize and winter wheat) actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in Huang-Huai-Hai (3H) Plain, China. The average seasonal ETa of summer maize and winter wheat were 354.8 and 521.5 mm respectively in 3H Plain. A high-ETa belt of summer maize occurs in piedmont plain, while a low ETa area was found in the hill-irrigable land and dry land area. For winter wheat, a high-ETa area was located in the middle part of 3H Plain, including low plain-hydropenia irrigable land and dry land, hill-irrigable land and dry land, and basin-irrigable land and dry land. Spatial analysis demonstrated a linear relationship between crop ETa, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the land surface temperature (LST). A stronger relationship between ETa and NDVI was found in the metaphase and last phase than other crop growing phase, as indicated by higher correlation coefficient values. Additionally, higher correlation coefficients were detected between ETa and LST than that between ETa and NDVI, and this significant relationship ran through the entire crop growing season. ETa in the summer maize growing season showed a significant relationship with longitude, while ETa in the winter wheat growing season showed a significant relationship with latitude. The results of this study will serve as baseline information for water resources management of 3H Plain.
Effect of Highlighting Text on Concentration , Memory and Attention Among Undergraduate Medical Students : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Highlighting is a common studying technique used by students. However, results from previous researches showed both positive and negative effect on highlighting. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of highlighting in memory and concentration as well as the most beneficial method of highlighting. A randomized controlled trial was done in a private medical college in Malaysia from July 2018 to August 2018. Participants were divided into 3 intervention groups [important points highlighted group (n=37), entire text highlighted group (n=37), not highlighted group (n=37)]. They were given a text on Viola Desmond to read and 14 MCQs to answer. The final percentage for MCQ score was calculated. Post-test feedback and students’ attitude towards highlighting were taken. The results of test score percentage were calculated and analyzed using ANOVA and independent T-test with Bonferroni adjustment. Students’ attitude towards highlighting was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-Square test, while post-test feedback analysis was done using Fisher-Exact test. The results showed that there were no significant differences among the 3 intervention groups. The not highlighted group had the highest test score percentage mean of 73.7% and SD of 14.9, followed by entire text highlighted group with mean of 71.8% and SD of 16.3 and the lowest test score by important points highlighted group with mean of 71.6% and SD of 16.3. As the results confirm, simply the act of highlighting is not beneficial for memory retention. Rather, student should learn to identify key points to highlight, and this act of choosing what to highlight could be an important determinant of efficacy of highlighting.
Title Affective lability and difficulties with regulation are differentially associated with amygdala and prefrontal response in women with Borderline Personality Disorder

The present neuroimaging study investigated two aspects of difficulties with emotion associated with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): affective lability and difficulty regulating emotion. While these two characteristics have been previously linked to BPD symptomology, it remains unknown whether individual differences in affective lability and emotion regulation difficulties are subserved by distinct neural substrates within a BPD sample. To address this issue, sixty women diagnosed with BPD were scanned while completing a task that assessed baseline emotional reactivity as well as top-down emotion regulation. More affective instability, as measured by the Affective Lability Scale (ALS), positively correlated with greater amygdala responses on trials assessing emotional reactivity. Greater difficulties with regulating emotion, as measured by the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), was negatively correlated with left Inferior Frontal Gyrus (IFG) recruitment on trials assessing regulatory ability. These findings suggest that, within a sample of individuals with BPD, greater bottom-up amygdala activity is associated with heightened affective lability. By contrast, difficulties with emotion regulation are related to reduced IFG recruitment during emotion regulation. These results point to distinct neural mechanisms for different aspects of BPD symptomology. & 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Beetles ( Coleoptera ) in the diet of Piping Plovers in the Iles de la Madeleine , Québec , Canada

The Piping Plover Charadrius melodus is a small (55 g), endemic, North American shorebird. There are two subspecies, C. m. melodus which breeds on the Atlantic coast from Newfoundland south to North Carolina, and C. m. circumcinctus which breeds in the central prairie regions of Canada and the United States, with a smaller population found in the Great Lakes area. In Canada, it was upgraded in 1985 from threatened to endangered by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) (Goosen et al. 2002). In the United States, it is listed as endangered in the Great Lakes area and threatened elsewhere by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (Goossen et al. 2002). Given this concern, there has been considerable attention to the biology, habitat requirements, potential threats, and strategies to ensure the Piping Plover’s survival and recovery. However, the available information on Piping Plover diets is often qualitative, anecdotal, or lacking in taxonomic precision. Most identifications of prey have been made only to the level of family or order. Forbush (1925, pp. 473) reported that, “The food of the Piping Plover consists of insects, crustaceans, mollusks, and other small marine animals and their eggs. ” Howsell (1928, pp. 114) reported that, “The food of this plover, as indicated by the contents of four stomachs secured in Alabama, consist principally of marine worms, fly larvae, and beetles. ” The only prey items observed by Cairns (1977) were “marine worms. ” Gibbs (1986) found that talitrid amphipods and seaweed flies comprised the main food source of Piping Plovers in Maine, although remains of ants, beetles, and nereid polychaetes were also found in fecal samples. Crustacean remains were found in 99.7% of samples and insect remains in 14.4% of them. Loegering (1992) sampled substrate invertebrates found on Piping Plover breeding beaches in Maryland. Insects found were identified to order [Diptera, Homoptera, and Hemiptera] with Diptera comprising 91% of all arthropods collected. In connection with studies on nocturnal foraging of Piping Plovers, Staine & Burger (1994) sampled intertidal sand at sites where plovers fed, however, they identified the organisms only to family level [Donacidae (bivalves), Spionidae (polychaetes), Hippidae (sand crabs), and Gammaridae (amphipods)]. Similarly Nordstrom and Ryan (1996) sampled invertebrates, both at sites occupied by Piping Plovers [finding Diptera (four families), Hymenoptera (six families), and Orthoptera (one family)], as well as at potential reintroduction sites. Cuthbert et al. (1999) examined the gizzard contents of four dead Piping Plover chicks, however, they identified the invertebrates only to the level of order [Hymenoptera (32%), Coleoptera (29%), Diptera (28%), Hemiptera and Homoptera (10%), and Beetles (Coleoptera) in the diet of Piping Plovers in the Iles de la Madeleine, Québec, Canada
Microphotoluminescence study of Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 polycrystals

Microphotoluminescence studies of Cu2ZnSnS4 polycrystals were performed. At room temperature, two photoluminescence (PL) bands were detected at 1.39 and 1.53 eV and attributed to band-to-tail (BT) and band-to-band (BB) recombination, respectively. At lower temperatures, band-to-impurity recombination always dominates. The results show that the model of heavily doped semiconductors applies to Cu2ZnSnS4 and that, in contrast to the ternary chalcopyrites, the BT recombination in Cu2ZnSnS4 has very low intensity. The laser power dependency of the PL intensity shows that the recombination mechanism of BT and BB bands exhibits an exciton-like behavior. © 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) [DOI: 10 . 1117/1.JPE. 3.030599]
Excess Cash Holding and Corporate Governance : A Comparative Study of Taiwan and Mainland China Firms

This study explores the relationship between excess cash holding and corporate governance of firms across the Taiwan Strait. Due to special state ownership in private business, we adopt different ways to compare the corporate governance of two different business environments. In general, management shareholdings, board members shareholdings, and state shareholdings have no significant relationship with cash ratio, but foreign investors’ shareholdings have a significant positive relationship with cash ratio. In Taiwan, the data indicates that the interactive term of the board member shareholding and excess cash have a positive impact on the growth of a company’s market value; on the other hand, in China, the data shows that the interactive term of state ownership and the excess cash have a negative influence on the growth of company’s market value. The implication of this finding is that board member shareholding is in a better position to monitor management than other capital ownership.
Some Biochemical Alterations Following Diabetes Induction In Albino Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting the entire human race with accompanying life threatening complications (Tielmans et al., 2007). It is characterized by hyperglycemia which could result from deficiency of insulin production, action or both (Rasineni et al., 2010). The resultant persistent hyperglycemia causes certain alterations or abnormalities in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in addition to long-term complications affecting the kidneys, eyes, nerves, heart and blood vessels (American Diabetes Association, 2008). The total number of people with diabetes mellitus worldwide was estimated at 150 million, and this figure is likely to double by the year 2025 (King et al., 1995), and consequently placing a huge burden on the healthcare system. Diabetes mellitus results in multi-system consequences associated with biochemical changes which present with disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The present study was therefore designed to assess the changes in some of the biochemical parameters associated with diabetes.
Development of an ultrasonic Phased Array system to inspect welded joints of low thickness austenitic steel

The inspection of austenitic welds is a challenge in the field of nondestructive testing by ultrasounds, in particular low-thickness components. Conventional ultrasonic testing of austenitic materials is difficult due to their microstructure. This microstructure is influenced by the welding process, causing an anisotropic acoustic behavior and creating a dispersion of sound in all directions. This acoustic behavior leads to an uncertainty in the positioning and sizing of discontinuities that may be present in the weld. As a result, on one hand there might appear unnecessary repairs and, on the other hand, the acceptance of critical defects might occur. In this project, an ultrasonic inspection procedure for automated Phased Array to inspect the austenitic material welds sheets with a thickness of 8mm to build LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage tanks was been developed. The CIVA simulation software was used to model the appropriate Phased Array probes, which allowed the study of the acoustic beam pressure distribution, as well as the beam response to discontinuities. The modeling allowed the optimization of the parameters to be used in the inspection. Afterwards the experimental validation process models developed were validated by inspecting a test piece with discontinuities characteristics of this type of joint. The detection and characterization, in size and location, of these discontinuities allowed the validation of the inspection system developed. Key-words: Nondestructive testing, Phased Array, austenitic steel, low thickness, automated inspection system
PIV: Direct Cross-Correlation compared with FFT-based Cross-Correlation

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has become widely accepted as a reliable field measurement technique for the determination of velocity fields in the recent years. It has spread from research laboratories towards industrial applications. Several companies sell integrated turn-key systems. The principle of PIV is based on the comparison of two (or more) subsequent images of illuminated tracer particles which are assumed to follow the flow true-fully. The displacement that can be estimated by different means and the time separation between the images give the velocity information for a small subregion of the whole imaged area. Almost all algorithms for the estimation of the displacement of a group of tracer particles use cross-correlation techniques. For the sake of computational speed most authors and especially vendors of PIV-systems implement the crosscorrelation-function by means of the discrete Fast-Fourier-Transform (FFT). Although this implementation has some drawbacks concerning flexibility and the accuracy of the computed velocity little or nothing is put down in literature about this conflict by the respective authors. The present article wants to draw the attention of developers and users of PIV-systems towards this aspect of image interrogation. This is not done by a theoretical or mathematical approach but by examples taken from the author’s recent research.
Magnetomechanical characterization and unified energy model for the quasistatic behavior of ferromagnetic shape memory Ni – Mn – Ga *

This paper presents an overview of the characterization and modeling of single crystal ferromagnetic shape memory Ni–Mn–Ga. A continuum thermodynamics model is presented which describes the magnetomechanical characterization of single crystal Ni–Mn–Ga for the following behavior: (i) sensing effect; (ii) actuation effect; (iii) blocked force (stress generation). The thermodynamic potentials, namely the magnetic Gibbs energy and the Gibbs energy, are obtained from the Helmholtz energy in order to arrive at the set of required independent and dependent variables; the potentials include magnetic energy consisting of Zeeman, magnetostatic and anisotropy components, and mechanical energy consisting of elastic and twinning components. Mechanical dissipation and the microstructure of Ni–Mn–Ga are incorporated in the continuum model through the internal state variables volume fraction, domain fraction, and magnetization rotation angle. The constitutive response of the material is obtained by restricting the process through the second law of thermodynamics. The model requires only seven parameters identified from two simple experiments. Several interesting characteristics of Ni–Mn–Ga are examined in concert with the magnetomechanical characterization. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
Continuous Rearing of the Red Palm Weevils, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1970) on Sugarcane in Laboratory for Biological Studies (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)

Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) is a very destructive insect pest to plants under the family of Palmacea such as dates palm, coconut tree, sago palm as well as oil palm. Many studies conducted on RPW required large numbers of weevils of various stages, hence rearing is needed to solve the problem. In this study, RPW reared on sugarcane in the laboratory for several generations to facilitate biological studies of this tissue-boring pest. The rearing was conducted at National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor. Adult weevils collected from the field by using pheromone trapping method. The adult weevils supplied with stems of sugarcane for food and they were also oviposited on it. The larvae were fed on stems of sugarcane until pupation. The length and size of the sugarcane stems were propotional to the size of the larva. Data on the duration of developmental life stages were recorded. The larvae fully developed on sugarcane and molted 8 times within the mean of 70 days. The larvae were able to construct cocoons due to the availability of fibers in the sugarcane. Sugarcane is the best diet to be used in the mass laboratory rearing of RPW in Malaysia. Keywords—Laboratory, rearing, Red Palm Weevil, sugarcane.
Performance Evaluation of Different Varieties of China aster ( Callistephus Chinensis L Ness ) In Sub-Tropical Belt of West Bengal

The present investigation was carried out to study the performance of eight varieties of China Aster (Callistephus chinensis L Ness)at Mondari farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, during 2015-16. All characteristics were significantly varied among the varieties during investigation (Kamini, Poornima, Shashank, Aadya, Archana, Phule Ganesh White, Phule Ganesh Violet, Phule Ganesh Purple). After studied, it has been found that Variety ‘Shashank” is best for cut flower production and ‘Archana’ is most suitable for potted plant production in this belt.
Numerical Simulation for the Hysteresis Behavior of RC Columns under Cyclic Loads

Precise prediction for the hysteresis behaviors of reinforced concrete (RC) columns under seismic loads is important to assess the safety of RC frames and bridges during sever earthquake. Due to the complicated material behavior and complex external force during the earthquake, an accurate simulation of the behaviors under seismic loads currently mainly depends on numerical method, and more precisions are demanded for the hysteresis constitutive laws of concrete and steel reinforcement. In this paper, a fiber model program is developed with more precise hysteresis constitutive laws of concrete and steel reinforcement. Two columns, which are under cyclic compressive-bending loads, with different axial load ratios and reinforcement ratios are analyzed and the simulation results are found agreed well with test results.
Exploring Factors That Affected Pain Severity in Postoperative Period

Background: Postoperative pain occurs in most of the patients a d is associated with outcomes of health economics . Aims: This study was designed in order to explore factors that affected pain severity in postoperative perio d among patients who were operated at otorhinolaryngology c linic. Methodology:This descriptive study was done with 191 patients w ho stayed at otorhinolaryngology clinic during postoperative period. Patients who were voluntary t o join the study and were able to communicate were included in the study. Study data were collected using Informat ion Request Form designed by the researchers and Vi sual Analogue Scale for pain used to measure pain severi ty during postoperative period. The data were asses sed using percentages, average scores and One way-Anova analy ses. Results: It was found that average age of the participating patients was 32.9±12.8 years, 58.1% of them were ma l , 48.7% of them had high school degree, 44% of them u nderwent septal deviation operation and 95.3% of th e did not suffer from any complications. It was identified th a 51.8% of the patients had moderate level of pain threshold and 37.7% of them suffered from very low level of pain. I was noted that 91% of the patients indicated op eration site as pain point, 72.8% of them indicated pain length as intermittent, 37.1% of them indicated pain quality as tingling, 47.6% of them had pain while coughing and 40.8% of them described pain as disturbing. It was seen that pain severity of those who were female, had endoscopic d acryocystorhinostomy operation, had attendants, und erwent operation previously, often used pain killers and h a intermittent pain feelings was higher. Conclusions: It was found that nearly half of the patients in th e postoperative period had pain at a disturbing lev el. It was noted that sex of the patients, type of the ope ration, presence or absence of attendants, having p revious operation, frequency of pain killer and length of p ain affected pain. It may be recommended that nurse s should plan nursing interventions against the factors determine d for the otorhinolaryngology patients during posto perative period in order to relieve pain severity.