Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Quantitative Comparison of Community Context, Student Achievement and School Funding

The focus of this study was the relationship between the community context of schools and student achievement. This study also looked at the relationships between community context and school funding, and school funding and student achievement. The sample for this research was all 17 elementary schools in the South-Western City school district in Ohio. Community context was measured as a composite of income, wealth, family structure, and race. Student achievement was measured by Ohio Proficiency tests scores and student mobility, attendance and promotion rates. School funding was measured as total per pupil expenditures and the breakdown of the five areas of spending: building operations, administration, instruction, pupil support and staff support. School was the unit of analysis for these data. Data sources were state report card records, the national census, and county auditor records. The analysis included bivariate correlations, stepwise regression and structural equation modeling. Findings regarding the relationship between achievement and community context suggest that there is a relationship between income, wealth, and race on several o f the indicators of student achievement. The findings comparing school funding, community context and achievement resulted in only one significant result suggesting a possible relationship between spending on pupil support and student mobility.
POPULATION DYNAMICS AND ON-FARM FRUIT FLY INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN MANGO ORCHARDS IN THE NATURAL AREA OF NIAYES IN SENEGAL

The trend of the population of fruit flies follows the dynamic of the rains.This is more perceptible in Bactrocera invadens (Drew) than in Ceratitis cosyra (Walker). From 350 individuals captured per trap, B. invadens seemed to disrupt the presence of C. cosyra and the other related fruit fly species. Such behavior is probably due to an interspecific competition and could be the fact that C. cosyra dominated emergences from the incubated fruits of alternate host plants up to 87 % even though B. invadens was observed. Integrated pest management (IPM) package was tested which included: (1) male annihilation using wood blocks soaked in insecticide (malathion 50 EC) and lure (methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate),(2) protein hydrolysate bait applications (Success Appat at 1 liter per ha) and (3) sanitation (weeding and destroying of the collected fallen fruits by the following practices: using black plastic bags, burying in holes, burning on the ground surface and incinerating with a barrel transformed into incinerator). Aim was to control fruit flies in mango orchards. Results showed a control as an inferred improvement in fruit fly infestations in the treated plot up to 83% compared to the untreated. From all above particular method implemented to destroy collected fruits, a reinforced black plastic bag would be recommended for popular use. When we compare methyl eugenol to the home-made baits of grinded or ground nutmeg and NET, a beauty cream, we found that methyl eugenol attracted significantly B. invadens. Methyl eugenol’s half life is also significantly longer (5 weeks) than the grinded nutmeg (less than 1 week) (P = 0.0109; t = 9.4935; df = 2). No capture was recorded in the NET based trap. In case of lack of methyl eugenol, the grinded nutmeg might be recommended as an alternative product to renew every week.
Validation of a Wind Tunnel Testing Facility for Blade Surface Pressure Measurements

This report concerns development and validation of a 2d testing facility for airfoil pressure measurements. The VELUX open jet wind tunnel was used with a test stand inserted. Reynolds Numbers until 1.3 million were achieved with an airfoil chord of 0.45 m. The aerodynamic load coefficients were found from pressure distribution measurements and the total drag coefficient was calculated from wake rake measurements. Stationary inflow as well as dynamic inflow through pitching motion was possible. Wind tunnel corrections were applied for streamline curvature and down-wash. Even though the wind tunnel is not ideal for 2d testing, the overall quality of the flow was acceptable with a uniform flow field at the test stand position and a turbulence intensity of 1% at the inlet of the test section. Reference values for free stream static and total pressure were found upstream of the test stand. The NACA 63-215 airfoil was tested and the results were compared with measurements from FFA and NACA. The measurements agreed well except for lift coefficient values at high angles of attack and the drag coefficient values at low angles of attack, that were slightly high. Comparisons of the measured results with numerical predictions from the XFOIL code and the EllipSys2D code showed good agreement. Measurements with the airfoil in pitching motion were carried out to study the dynamic aerodynamic coefficients. Steady inflow measurements at high angles of attack were used to investigate the double stall phenomenon. The Danish Energy Agency funded the present work in the contracts, ENS-1363/94-0001, ENS-1363/95-0001 and ENS-1363/97-0002. ISBN 87-550-2300-2 ISSN 0106-2840 Information Service Department, Riso, 1998 Riso-R-981(EN) 3
Prescription Pattern of Antimalarial Drugs in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria | University of Abuja Open Education Resources (OER)

Introduction As a response to the anti-malarial drug resistance situation, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends that treatment policies for falciparum malaria in all countries experiencing resistance to monotherapies should be combination therapies, preferably those containing an arteminisin derivative (ACT-artemisinin-based combination therapy). Methodology A retrospective quantitative study was designed to examine case records of patients treated for malaria in a tertiary health hospital in Jos, Northern part of Nigeria between August and December 2012. Questionaires were also distributed to doctors working within the hospital environment. Data on demographic, clinical features of disease, diagnostic procedures and drug administration were collected from the patients' records. Results Case record files of 130 patients were selected, 80.7% of the patients were prescribed antimalarial drugs. 55.2% of patients admitted for malaria were males, 44.8% were between 21-50 years of age. Fever (35.2%) was the most common presenting symptom, 71.4% of the patients had diagnostic blood slides. Antimalarial drugs were prescribed for malaria and malaria associated with other disease conditions, artemisinin and lumefantrine was the most prescribed antimalarial agent. 44.0% of these drugs were prescribed by trade names, 29.0% were administered orally. The most antimalarial drug prescribed for prevention of malaria in pregnant women was sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, all the practitioners followed current WHO guidelines , half of the clinicians would prescribe parenteral antimalarial drugs for severe and cerebral malaria, laboratory and clinical assessment were used for malaria diagnosis, 71.4% of the physicians adhered to hospital guidelines. Conclusion This study indicates the implementation of artemisinin combination therapy in a public health facility; however the success of this new treatment policy would depend on patient adherence to recommendations and provision of ACTs at subsidized costs in Nigeria.
Working Environment and Burnout Syndrome

Purpose: The excessive and prolonged occupational stress can result in worker´s emotional exhaustion known as burnout syndrome. The aim of this study was evaluated the relationship between perceived organizational support and the risk of developing burnout. Methods: It’s a descriptive observational cross-sectional study. The burnout´s risk was assessed by the Maslash Invetory Burnout and the organizational support through the Perceived Organizational Support Scale. Results: From the research subjects, 36 (55.38%) presented a risk for burnout. Comparing this group with the employees without risk for burnout, three organization support factors were perceived as critical: The supervisor support (p=0.036), the relationship at work (p=0.012) and the professional valorization (p=0.0009). Conclusion: The organizational support at work has a significant relationship with the risk of burnout, especially the role of leader in management of employees.
Model sensitivities in numerical simulations of the formation of Typhoon Robyn (1993)

1 National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 2 Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Montercy, CA, USA * Corresponding author address: Dr. Kevin K. W. Cheung, National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Email: cheung@ncdr.nat.gov.tw The PSU-NCAR mesoscale model MM5 with an 81-km (27-km) resolution coarse (fine) grid is used to simulate the formation of Typhoon Robyn (1993) in the western North Pacific. This study examines the roles of mesoscale convective system (MCS) during Robyn’s formation, and also focuses on the sensitivity of the simulations of Robyn’s intensification to the choice of cumulus parameterization, planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization, and the explicit moisture scheme in the model. The control experiment with the Betts-Miller cumulus parameterization, the PBL treatment as in the NCEP Medium Range Forecast (MRF) model, and the Reisner explicit moisture scheme with predicted number concentrations of snow, ice, and graupel has the closest intensification profile to the best track. The control experiment can also reproduce quite well the successive MCSs associated with the development of Typhoon Robyn. The control experiment is then validated with aircraft observations taken during the TCM-93 field experiment. Varying the cumulus parameterization scheme has the largest impact on the simulations of the intensification of Robyn. An experiment with a more tropical relaxation reference profile in the Betts-Miller scheme, and two others using the Kain-Fritsch and the Grell schemes all underestimate the intensification of Robyn. In addition to the MRF PBL scheme, the PBL scheme from the NCEP Eta model, the Burk-Thompson, and the Gayno-Seaman schemes are tested. Little impact on the intensification and track of Typhoon Robyn is found from a change in the PBL treatment. Examination of the convection and cloud water in the PBL of these experiments reveals that the PBL in the MRF scheme is relatively dry due to its active vertical mixing, as found in previous studies such as Braun and Tao (2000). TAO, Vol. 17, No. 1, March 2006 54 Although the magnitudes of impacts from different explicit moisture calculations are less than that of the cumulus parameterization, they do affect the intensification of Typhoon Robyn through their interaction with the cumulus parameterization. All three explicit schemes (simple ice calculation, mixed-phase model, and Schultz scheme) underestimate the intensity of Robyn. Examination of the convective rainfall shows that the deviations among these experiments are due to modified convective cloud patterns by the explicit moisture variables. (
Contact with fluoride-releasing restorative materials can arrest simulated approximal caries lesion

Previous studies have suggested that the presence of white-spot lesion is very probable when adjacent surface is affected by cavitated lesions. This study evaluated the potential of different fluoride-releasing restorative materials in arresting enamel white-spot lesions in approximal surface in contact with them, in vitro (I) and in situ (II). White-spot lesions were formed in 240 primary enamel specimens via pH-cycling. They were put in contact with cylindrical blocks of 6 materials (n = 20): composite resin, 2 high-viscous glass ionomer cements (HVGIC), resin-modified GIC, resin-modified nanoionomer, and polyacid-modified resin. In both studies I and II, these settings were designed to simulate the contact point between the restoration and simulated approximal lesion. For study I, they were subjected to a new pH-cycling cariogenic challenge for 7 or 14 days (n = 10). For study II, a randomized doubleblind in situ design was conducted in two phases (7/14 days) to promote cariogenic challenge. At the end of both studies, specimens were collected for mineral analysis by cross-sectional microhardness. Higher mineral loss was observed for lesions in contact with resin (p < 0.001). HVGICs were the most efficient in preventing mineral loss, whereas other materials presented an intermediate behavior. It is concluded that fluoride-releasing materials can moderately reduce white-spot lesions progression, and HVGIC can arrest enamel lesion in approximal surface in contact with them.
ICT and growth gap between nations: Evidence from MENA region

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role played by ICT in explaining the dynamics of inequality between the MENA countries and OECD during the 2000s. To do this, we formalize an original model of cumulative growth with four simultaneous equations. As a result, we note three interesting findings. Firstly, ICT investment had an important role in increasing the revenue inequality between the MENA region and OCDE. Secondly, the cumulative and mutual causality relationship between ICT investment and growth rate is apparent. Thirdly, the interaction between human capital and ICT investment can be considered as an important canal which allows the inequality reduction for the MENA countries.
Estimation of total methane emission from enteric fermentation of ruminant livestock in Bangladesh

Ruminant livestock is one of the key elementsfor the agriculture-based economy of Bangladesh, although these animals are often condemned as a source greenhouse gas especially methane (CH4). Total methane emission from the enteric fermentation of ruminants in Bangladesh considering Gazipur, Tangail and Mymensingh district is reflected in the output of the present study. The emission was measured using the dry matter intake (DMI) approach based on the total population of ruminants. Feed intake was recorded from on-farm observation and/or farmers records. It was observed that the ration supplied to bovines consisted of 50-60% green roughage, 31-41% rice straw, and 4-10% concentrate mixture. In terms of DMI rice straw has been contributed the highest (51-65%) proportions followed by green forage (24-31%) and concentrate mixture (7-17%). In small ruminant ration, 90-95% feed (DMI 75-86%) was supplied from green grasses and remaining from concentrate mixtures. Although buffalo individually irrespective of sex and age emitted highest amount of methane followed crossbred and indigenous cattle, goat and sheep, the males produced a higher amount of methane than those of female in all species. Total methane emission in Gazipur, Tangail, and Mymensingh districts were 13359.15, 13250.65 and 13653.75 Kg/day and 4876.11, 4836.50 and 4983.62 000? Kg/year, respectively. In total 848,320 Kg/day and 309,630 000Kg/year methane was measured to be emitted in Bangladesh by 56.33 million ruminant livestock where 64.79% had come from indigenous cattle followed by crossbreed cattle (20.82%), Goat (8.79%), Buffalo (5.17%) and sheep (0.43%). Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 245-253
Financing Higher Education and Education Loans in India: Trends and Troubles

The paper attempts to investigate the trends in financing higher education which convey that student loans is the dominating source of financing higher education in India. This leads us to explore various factors that influence, viz., enrolment growth, growing private sector, bulging youth population with growing middle class with a wider acceptability of loan culture and increasing earning premium of higher education and the willingness to pay. Using various secondary data sources besides using the unique data set made available on Interest Subsidy Scheme on Student Loans, we examine various troubles, namely who gets access to student loans and interest subsidy, what are the risks associated in terms of default or recovery and how the employability is linked with better repayments. We conclude that fees, grants/scholarships and student loans need to be examined in the context of increasing cost and role of markets in higher education along with affordability within the domain of family characteristics.
Relations between serum sex hormone levels and biomarkers of atherosclerosis and mineral disturbances in postmenopausal chronic haemodialysis women Zale¿noœci pomiêdzy stê¿eniem w surowicy hormonów p³ciowych i biomarkerów zmian mia¿d¿ycowych a zaburzeniami gospodarki mineralnej u przewlekle hemodial

Summary Objectives: Both cardiovascular calcification and atherosclerosis are strong predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage renal disease. The aim of our study was to assess the presence and interrelations of sex hormone profile with coronary artery calcification (CAC), atherosclerotic plaques (AP) in the carotid artery and common carotid artery intima media thickness (CCA-IMT) in postmenopausal chronic haemodialysis (HD) women. Material and methods: CCA-IMT and presence and thickness of AP were measured with high-resolution ultrasound and CAC with multidetector computed tomography in a cross-sectional study of 22 postmenopausal HD women without any history of major cardiovascular complications. Serum mineral parameters, lipids, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone were also measured. Results: The CAC was detected in 72% of examined women. Mean CAC score in HD women was 770 ±1065 Agatston units. Mean thickness of CCA-IMT was 0.94 ±0.23 mm. The women who did not develop vascular calcification had lower CCA-IMT. In women without CAC the serum level of estradiol was significantly lower than in those with detectable CAC (28.2 ±8.2 vs 61.5 ±18.4 pg/mL). There was a tendency for higher serum estradiol in HD women with atherosclerotic lesions in the common carotid artery. Strong correlations between the serum level of estradiol and, respectively CAC score, CCA-IMT and AP were observed. We did not find any significant differences between anthropometric parameters, other laboratory parameters, progesterone, testosterone and the presence of cardiovascular complications. Conclusions: The study results do not support the concept of cardiovascular protective effects of endogeno us estrogens in postmenopausal chronic haemodialysis women.
Sensitivity of the Freie Universität Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model (FUB-CMAM) to different gravity-wave drag parameterisations

Abstract. We report the sensitivity of the Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) to different gravity-wave (GW) parameterisations. We perform five perpetual January experiments: 1) Rayleigh friction (RF) (control), 2) non-orographic GWs, 3) orographic GWs, 4) orographic and non-orographic GWs with no background stress, and 5) as for 4) but with background stress. We also repeat experiment 4) but for July conditions. Our main aim is to improve the model climatology by introducing orographic and non-orographic parameterisations and to investigate the individual effect of these schemes in the Berlin CMAM. We compare with an RF control to determine the improvement upon a previously-published model version employing RF. Results are broadly similar to previously-published works. The runs having both orographic and non-orographic GWs produce a statistically-significant warming of 4-8K in the wintertime polar lower stratosphere. These runs also feature a cooling of the warm summer pole in the mesosphere by 10-15K, more in line with observations. This is associated with the non-orographic GW scheme. This scheme is also associated with a heating feature in the winter polar upper stratosphere directly below the peak GW-breaking region. The runs with both orographic and non-orographic GWs feature a statistically-significant deceleration in the polar night jet (PNJ) of 10-20ms -1 in the lower stratosphere. Both orographic and non-orographic GWs individually produce some latitudinal tilting of the polar jet with height, although the main effect comes from the non-orographic waves. The resulting degree of tilt, although improved, is nevertheless still weaker than that observed. Accordingly, wintertime variability in the zonal mean wind, which peaks at the edge of the vortex, tends to maximise too far polewards in the model compared with observations. Gravity-planetary wave interaction leads to a decrease in the amplitudes of stationary planetary waves 1 and 2 by up to 50% in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere, more in line with observations. Comparing modelled and observed Eliassen-Palm fluxes suggests that planetary wave (PW) breaking occurs too far polewards in the model. The wind and temperature changes are consistent with changes in the Brewer-Dobson (BD) circulation. Results suggest that the effect of enforcing a minimum background wave stress in the McFarlane scheme could be potentially important. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH) in July, the GW schemes had only a small impact on the high-latitude lower stratosphere but there featured strong warming near 0.1hPa.
Prevalence of Poultry Coccidiosis in Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia

A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2013 up to April 2014 in Gondar town to determine the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and to identify the associated risk factors. Fecal sample from a total of 384 chickens were taken from three selected areas and flotation method was employed to harvest coccidial oocysts. The result revealed that out of the 384 chickens, 165 (43%) of the chickens were found positive. the prevalence was higher in Private Farms (43.6%) followed by Markets (43%) and University of Gondar Veterinary Clinic (41%). The prevalence was found highly statistically significant (P 0.05). This study showed that coccidiosis was prevalent in the study area and this signifies the need for intervention through awareness creation among farmers and veterinarians.
The Influence of Capital Structure, Growth Opportunity and Profitability at Mining Companies in Indonesia

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of capital structure and growth opportunity on profitability as well as intrinsic value of mining company in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Methods/Analysis: The data for this research is analyzed through path analysis. The population of this research is mining companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in period 2013-2015. The target population that meets the research criteria is 32 mining companies. Capital structure and growth opportunity as independent variable, profitability as intervening variable, and the intrinsic value of the company as dependent variable which is the net present value of projected free cash flow to firm (FCFF). Findings: The results of this analysis show that, capital structure and profitability partially have significant influence on intrinsic value of the company, while growth opportunity does not partially influence on intrinsic value of the company significantly. Moreover, profitability cannot mediate the relationship between capital structure and intrinsic value of the company; and profitability can mediate the relationship between growth opportunity and intrinsic value of the company at alpha 5%. Keywords : Capital Structure, Growth Opportunity, Profitability, Free Cash Flow to Firm, Intrinsic Value