Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A positive feedback self-regulatory loop between miR-210 and HIF-1α mediated by CPEB2 is involved in trophoblast syncytialization: implication of trophoblast malfunction in preeclampsia †

Abstract The pregnancy complication preeclampsia is directly associated with hypoxic stress and insufficient trophoblast cell differentiation. The hypoxia-inducible microRNA (miRNA), miR-210, has been identified as a significantly up-regulated miRNA in preeclamptic placenta, and evidence in other cell types has indicated a feedback regulation between miR-210 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) under hypoxic condition. It remains unclear whether and how the feedback loop between miR-210 and HIF-1α may contribute to trophoblast dysfunction in preeclampsia. Here, we proved that cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding 2 (CPEB2) was a direct target of miR-210 in human trophoblast. CPEB2 could inhibit the translation of hypoxia-induced HIF-1α via directly binding the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) site in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of HIF-1α mRNA. The increase in the HIF-1α level upon hypoxia treatment could be efficiently reversed by miR-210 inhibitor. In addition, CPEB2 was primarily expressed in villous syncytiotrophoblasts, and the suppression of trophoblast cell syncytialization by miR-210 could be significantly rescued by CPEB2 overexpression. In preeclamptic placenta, the expression of CPEB2 was evidently lower than normal pregnant control, and the miR-210 level was aberrantly higher and trophoblast syncytialization was limited. The findings revealed a positive feedback loop between miR-210 and HIF-1α that is mediated by CPEB2 in human trophoblasts, and demonstrated a mechanism underlying the insufficient trophoblast syncytialization in preeclampsia under hypoxic stress. Summary sentence A positive feedback loop between miR-210 and HIF-1α that is mediated by CPEB2 in human trophoblast demonstrates the mechanism of insufficient syncytialization in preeclampsia under hypoxic stress.
Food Consumption during Pregnancy and Post-Partum. ECLIPSES Study

Inadequate maternal diet can adversely affect mother and child. Our aim was to assess adherence to the Spanish dietary guidelines and to the Mediterranean diet, to analyze changes in diet during pregnancy and post-partum, and to identify maternal factors associated with food consumption. A total of 793 healthy pregnant women were recruited during the first prenatal visit and followed until the post-partum period. Data from the clinical history, anthropometric measurements, and lifestyle habits were collected. Food consumption was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. The results show that in pregnant women the consumption of healthy foods did not meet recommendations, whereas consumption of red and processed meat and sweet food exceeded recommendations. The results also show a medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet that remained unchanged throughout pregnancy. A significant decrease was observed in the consumption of fruits, followed by vegetables and then salted and sweet cereals from pregnancy to post-partum. A better adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been reported by pregnant women that are older, of higher social class, and higher education level, and who do not smoke nor drink (p < 0.005). In conclusion, the diet of pregnant women from Spain departs from recommendations, medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet was maintained throughout the pregnancy and post-partum, and a decreasing consumption of healthy food from the first trimester to the post-partum period was observed. Maternal factors such as age, social class, education, and smoking influence diet quality.
A Study on the Trimming Effects on the Quality Factor of Micro-Shell Resonators Vibrating in Wineglass Modes

Frequency trimming based on mass and stiffness modification is an important post-fabrication process for micro-shell resonators (MSRs). However, the trimming effects on the quality factor are seldom studied, although they may have great influence on the performance of the resonator. This paper presents a study on the quality factor (Q-factor) variation of trimmed micro-shell resonators (MSR). Thermoelastic damping (QTED) and anchor loss (Qanchor) are found to be the dominant energy loss mechanisms resulting in the reduction of the overall Q-factor, according to finite element method (FEM). The effects of different trimming methods on QTED and Qanchor are studied here, respectively. It is found that trimming grooves ablated in the rim of the resonator can cause a ~1–10% reduction of QTED, and the length of trimming groove is positively related to the reduction of QTED. The reduction of QTED caused by the mass adding process is mainly related to the thermal expansion coefficient and density of the additive and contact area between the resonator and additive masses. Besides, the first and second harmonic errors caused by asymmetrical trimming can cause a 10–90% reduction of Qanchor. Finally, trimming experiments were conducted on different resonators and the results were compared with FEM simulation. The work presented in this paper could help to optimize the trimming process of MSRs.
Translational Application of Circulating DNA in Oncology: Review of the Last Decades Achievements

In recent years, the introduction of new molecular techniques in experimental and clinical settings has allowed researchers and clinicians to propose circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis and liquid biopsy as novel promising strategies for the early diagnosis of cancer and for the definition of patients’ prognosis. It was widely demonstrated that through the non-invasive analysis of ctDNA, it is possible to identify and characterize the mutational status of tumors while avoiding invasive diagnostic strategies. Although a number of studies on ctDNA in patients’ samples significantly contributed to the improvement of oncology practice, some investigations generated conflicting data about the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ctDNA. Hence, to highlight the relevant achievements obtained so far in this field, a clearer description of the current methodologies used, as well as the obtained results, are strongly needed. On these bases, this review discusses the most relevant studies on ctDNA analysis in cancer, as well as the future directions and applications of liquid biopsy. In particular, special attention was paid to the early diagnosis of primary cancer, to the diagnosis of tumors with an unknown primary location, and finally to the prognosis of cancer patients. Furthermore, the current limitations of ctDNA-based approaches and possible strategies to overcome these limitations are presented.
“We are already person-centred in our practice”—A Qualitative Study of Ambulance Clinicians’ Experiences of Person-Centred Care

The concept of person-centred care (PCC) is considered one of the core competencies in Swedish healthcare. It has increasingly spread and involves treating the patient as a person who is decision-competent and part of the team. The PCC concept has been introduced in the Swedish Ambulance Service setting, but as there has been no previous research on PCC in this context, the aim of the present study was to illuminate ambulance clinicians’ experiences of the introduction of PCC in a Swedish Ambulance Service setting. Data collection took the form of interviews with 15 ambulance clinicians in the southernmost part of Sweden. Qualitative content analysis was employed to analyse the interviews, wherein two categories emerged: organisational perspective and contextual culture. The latent meaning was interpreted as the theme: Seeing the individual in need of care as a person instead of a patient. In conclusion, the concept of PCC was considered a barrier and there was some resistance to its introduction. While PCC enhanced the ambulance clinicians’ stance, e.g., when initiating a caring relationship and encouraging the patient to participate in her/his care, it was also described as a catchphrase that is not applicable to the Ambulance Service as it contributes nothing new to the standard of treatment.
Methyl Donor Deficiency during Gestation and Lactation in the Rat Affects the Expression of Neuropeptides and Related Receptors in the Hypothalamus

The micronutrients vitamins B9 and B12 act as methyl donors in the one-carbon metabolism involved in transmethylation reactions which critically influence epigenetic mechanisms and gene expression. Both vitamins are essential for proper development, and their deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with a wide range of disorders, including persisting growth retardation. Energy homeostasis and feeding are centrally regulated by the hypothalamus which integrates peripheral signals and acts through several orexigenic and anorexigenic mediators. We studied this regulating system in a rat model of methyl donor deficiency during gestation and lactation. At weaning, a predominance of the anorexigenic pathway was observed in deficient pups, with increased plasma peptide YY and increased hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, in line with abnormal leptin, ghrelin, and insulin secretion and/or signaling during critical periods of fetal and/or postnatal development of the hypothalamus. These results suggest that early methyl donor deficiency can affect the development and function of energy balance circuits, resulting in growth and weight deficits. Maternal administration of folic acid (3 mg/kg/day) during the perinatal period tended to rectify peripheral metabolic signaling and central neuropeptide and receptor expression, leading to reduced growth retardation.
Band Gap of 3D Metal Oxides and Quasi-2D Materials from Hybrid Density Functional Theory: Are Dielectric-dependent Functionals Superior?

The reproduction of the band gap of semiconductors and insulators represents a well known problem for standard DFT approaches based on semi-local functionals. The problem can be partly solved using hybrid functionals where a given portion of exact exchange is mixed in with the DFT exchange. Recently, a new class of dielectric-dependent functional has been introduced, where the amount of exact exchange is derived from the static dielectric function of a given compound. In this study we have considered in a systematic way and an equal footing a set of 24 non-magnetic, three-dimensional (3D) bulk metal oxides, and of 24 Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) semiconductors (oxides, hydroxydes, chlorides, oxyhalides, nitrides, and transition metal dichalcogenides) and computed the corresponding Kohn-Sham band gaps with three global hybrids, and four range-separated hybrid functionals. These, in turn, have been divided into standard (PBE0, B3LYP, HSE06, SC-BLYP), and dielectric-dependent (DD-B3LYP, DD-SC-BLYP, DD-CAM-B3LYP) functionals. We also performed a statistical analysis of the DFT data set, along with structural parameters of these 2D and 3D materials. The surprising result is that, overall, there is no real improvement in the use of dielectric-dependent functionals compared to PBE0, HSE06 and B3LYP. Short-range DD-SC-BLYP gives minor improvement of band gaps for bulk metal oxides, compared to standard SC-BLYP, but the mean absolute error is still 0.12 eV higher than B3LYP. The use of dielectric-dependent, standard or short-range functionals such as DD-B3LYP or DD-HSE06 worsen the situation. However, the long range-separated functional as implemented with Coulomb Attenuating Method (CAM) in dielectric-dependent version, DD-CAM-B3LYP, leads to a clear improvement for band gaps of quasi-2D materials. Based on this analysis, the conclusion is that the use of standard hybrid functionals such as B3LYP or HSE06 is recommended for non-magnetic bulk 3D metal oxides. On the other hand, the treatment of layered materials such as MoO3 or V2O5 benefits from the use of dielectric-dependent, range-separated functionals.
Bone Biomineral Properties Vary across Human Osteonal Bone.

The biomineralization of bone remains a puzzle. During Haversian remodeling in the dense human cortical bone, osteoclasts excavate a tunnel that is then filled in by osteoblasts with layers of bone of varying fibril orientations, resulting in a lamellar motif. Such bone represents an excellent possibility to increase our understanding of bone as a material as well as bone bio-mineralization by studying spatio/temporal variations in the biomineral across an osteon. To this end, fluorescence computed tomography and diffraction scattering computed tomography with sub-micrometer resolution is applied to obtain posiion resolved fluorescence spectra and diffraction patterns in a 3D volume. The microstructural properties of the apatite biomineral are not homogeneous but depends critically on the time point at which it was laid down. This indicates that the nature of bone biomineral is highly dependent on the microenvironment during bone formation and remodeling.
Analysis of Sociodemographic and Psychological Variables Involved in Sleep Quality in Nurses

Background: Sleep quality is related to health and quality of life and can lead to the development of related disorders. This study analyzed the sociodemographic and psychological factors related to sleep quality in nurses. Methods: The sample comprised 1094 nurses who were assessed according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire, the Goal Content for Exercise Questionnaire, the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18. Results: The results confirm the impacts of diet, motivation for physical exercise, emotional intelligence, and overall self-esteem on sleep quality in nurses. Conclusions: Sleep quality in healthcare professionals is vitally important for performance at work; therefore, appropriate strategies should be applied to improve it.
Impact of social support in preventing burnout syndrome in nurses: A systematic review.

AIM Burnout is a reality in the nursing profession. It is composed of three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment, and results from being subjected to chronic stress in the healthcare context. Social support (SS), that is, the assistance and protection given by others, is a predictive and protective factor against burnout syndrome. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between SS, in its different forms, and burnout syndrome in nurses, and to identify the risk factors for burnout. METHODS A systematic literature review was carried out, following the PRISMA recommendations. The databases CINAHL, PsycINFO, Proquest Platform (Proquest Health & Medical Complete), Pubmed and Scopus were consulted, using the descriptors: "burnout, professional AND social support AND nursing". To minimize potential publication bias, the search had no time or sample size limitation. RESULTS Burnout was reported, to a greater or lesser extent, in all the articles analyzed, and the SS received by nurses in the workplace from supervisors and coworkers was found to play a fundamental role in preventing the syndrome. However, to date the bibliography on this issue is scant, and there is little consensus as to the degree of SS received. CONCLUSIONS Burnout prevention plans, with particular attention to SS, should be developed to improve nurses' quality of life and to enhance the care they provide.
Towards personalising treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of face-to-face efficacy moderators of cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for major depressive disorder

Abstract Background Consistent evidence suggests that face-to-face cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) may be equally effective depression treatments. Current clinical research focuses on detecting the best predictors-moderators of efficacy to guide treatment personalisation. However, individual moderator studies show inconsistent findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of CBT and IPT, including combined treatment with antidepressants for depression, and evaluate the predictive power of demographic, clinical presentation and treatment characteristics moderators for both therapies. Methods PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Library were systematically searched through December 2017 for studies that have assessed individuals with major depression receiving either CBT or IPT in a face-to-face format both at pre- and post-treatment. Random-effects moderator meta-analyses were conducted. Results In total 168 samples from 137 studies including 11 374 participants qualified for the meta-analytic review. CBT and IPT were equally effective across all but one prespecified moderators. For psychotherapy delivered without concomitant antidepressant treatment [antidepressant medications (ADMs)], CBT was superior to IPT (g = 1.68, Qbetween p = 0.037). Within-CBT moderator analyses showed that increased CBT efficacy was associated with lower age, high initial depression severity, individual format of administration and no adjunctive ADMs. Within-IPT analyses showed comparable efficacy across all moderators. Conclusions Clinical guidance around combined treatment (psychotherapy plus ADMs) should be reconsidered. CBT alone is superior to IPT alone and to combined treatment, while IPT alone is non-inferior to combined treatment. More research is needed to assess the moderating effect of older age and number of previous episodes on IPT efficacy.
Thrombin Upregulates PAI-1 and Mesothelial–Mesenchymal Transition Through PAR-1 and Contributes to Tuberculous Pleural Fibrosis

Thrombin is an essential procoagulant and profibrotic mediator. However, its implication in tuberculous pleural effusion (TBPE) remains unknown. The effusion thrombin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were measured among transudative pleural effusion (TPE, n = 22) and TBPE (n = 24) patients. Pleural fibrosis, identified as radiological residual pleural thickening (RPT) and shadowing, was measured at 12-month follow-up. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro effects of thrombin on PAI-1 expression and mesothelial–mesenchymal transition (MMT) were assessed. We demonstrated the effusion thrombin levels were significantly higher in TBPE than TPE, especially greater in TBPE patients with RPT > 10mm than those without, and correlated positively with PAI-1 and pleural fibrosis area. In carbon black/bleomycin-treated mice, knockdown of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) markedly downregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin, and attenuated pleural fibrosis. In pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs), thrombin concentration-dependently increased PAI-1, α-SMA, and collagen I expression. Specifically, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MTBRa) induced thrombin production by PMCs via upregulating tissue factor and prothrombin, and PAR-1 silencing considerably abrogated MTBRa−stimulated PAI-1 expression and MMT. Consistently, prothrombin/PAR-1 expression was evident in the pleural mesothelium of TBPE patients. Conclusively, thrombin upregulates PAI-1 and MMT and may contribute to tuberculous pleural fibrosis. Thrombin/PAR-1 inhibition may confer potential therapy for pleural fibrosis.
Latent Variable Models and Networks: Statistical Equivalence and Testability

Abstract Networks are gaining popularity as an alternative to latent variable models for representing psychological constructs. Whereas latent variable approaches introduce unobserved common causes to explain the relations among observed variables, network approaches posit direct causal relations between observed variables. While these approaches lead to radically different understandings of the psychological constructs of interest, recent articles have established mathematical equivalences that hold between network models and latent variable models. We argue that the fact that for any model from one class there is an equivalent model from the other class does not mean that both models are equally plausible accounts of the data-generating mechanism. In many cases the constraints that are meaningful in one framework translate to constraints in the equivalent model that lack a clear interpretation in the other framework. Finally, we discuss three diverging predictions for the relation between zero-order correlations and partial correlations implied by sparse network models and unidimensional factor models. We propose a test procedure that compares the likelihoods of these models in light of these diverging implications. We use an empirical example to illustrate our argument.
VALOR DEL TEST DE DOBUTAMINA COMPARADO CON LA ERGOMETRIA EN LA EVALUACION DE RIESGO CORONARIO

Palabras clave: infarto agudo de miocardio, ergometria, estratificacion de riesgo, test de dobutamina Abstract Comparison between electrocardiographic test with dobutamine and exercise stress testing on coronary risk stratification. The exercise testing is still the most common test used to stratify the patients's risk of new events following an acute myocardial infarction, but about 20 to 40% of the patients can not perform it appropriately. Since the electrocardiographic test with dobutamine has proved to be easy and safe, our aim was to evaluate its capacity to predict the results of the exercise testing on patients after an acute myo- cardial infarction. A total of 210 patients (average of age 60.5±11.7 years old and 23.3% females) recovering from a first uncomplicated myocardial infarction, were consecutively included. An electrocardiographic test with dobutamine was performed during the fifth day of admission, and an exercise test during the sixth. The develop- ment of chest pain and/or a descending ST segment ≥ 1 mm during a test qualified it as positive for ischemia. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of both tests were determinated, as well as the congruence on their results, a p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significative. Whereas 91 patients achieved a positive result on the electrocardiographic dobutamine tests, 54 patients were positive during exercise. On the other hand, both tests came up positive in 49 patients, and negative in 114 patients. The hemodynamic variables were similar during both tests, except in those patients with negative results with both methods, who developed a higher maximal arterial pressure and double product during exercise. Accordingly, the electrocardiographic dobutamine test showed a sensivity 90.17%, a specificity 73%, positive and negative predic- tive values 54% and 95.8%, respectively, to predict the results of the exercise testing, with a Kappa value of 0.52. In conclusion, the electrocardiographic dobutamine test showed not only to predict the results of the exercise test- ing adecuately with a high negative predictive value, but also to be safe, a useful and simple diagnostic tool for the evaluation of patients after an acute myocardial infarction.