Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Salmon in Pregnancy Study: study design, subject characteristics, maternal fish and marine n-3 fatty acid intake, and marine n-3 fatty acid status in maternal and umbilical cord blood.

BACKGROUND Oily fish provides marine n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids that are considered to be important in the growth, development, and health of the fetus and newborn infant. OBJECTIVES The objectives were to increase salmon consumption among pregnant women and to determine the effect on maternal and umbilical cord plasma marine n-3 fatty acid content. DESIGN Women (n = 123) with low habitual consumption of oily fish were randomly assigned to continue their habitual diet or were provided with 2 portions of farmed salmon/wk to include in their diet from week 20 of pregnancy until delivery. RESULTS Median weekly consumption frequency of study salmon in the salmon group was 1.94 portions, and total fish consumption frequency was 2.11 portions/wk in the salmon group and 0.47 portions/wk in the control group (P < 0.001). Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the diet, from seafood, and from oily fish were higher in the salmon group (all P < 0.001). Percentages of EPA and DHA in plasma phosphatidylcholine decreased during pregnancy in the control group (P for trend = 0.029 and 0.008, respectively), whereas they increased in the salmon group (P for trend for both < 0.001). EPA and DHA percentages were higher in maternal plasma phosphatidylcholine at weeks 34 and 38 of pregnancy and in umbilical cord plasma phosphatidylcholine in the salmon group (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSION If pregnant women, who do not regularly eat oily fish, eat 2 portions of salmon/wk, they will increase their intake of EPA and DHA, achieving the recommended minimum intake; and they will increase their and their fetus' status of EPA and DHA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00801502.
Hematologic abnormalities after oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy in children.

The development of hematologic abnormalities was prospectively evaluated in 50 children treated for ten days each with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and compared with a control group of 20 children with similar infections treated with amoxicillin trihydrate. Neutropenia (polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte counts, less than or equal to 1,500/cu mm) developed in 17 (34%) of the 50 children treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with one (5%) in the control group of 20 children (P less than 0.001). Thrombocytopenia (platelet count, less than 150,000/cu mm) developed in six (12%) of the children treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but it did not develop in any of the amoxicillin-treated children (P less than .01). Neutropenia occurred mostly during the first week of treatment and lasted a mean of 8.9 days. Thrombocytopenia was noted between the seventh and 16th day (mean, 10.3 days) and lasted a mean of 12.7 days. Both side effects resolved spontaneously without ill effects. Children treated with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole should be followed up with biweekly leukocyte and platelet counts, and treatment should be discontinued if severe neutropenia or thrombocytopenia develops.
The impact of hyperglycemia on patients with severe brain injury.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the relation of hyperglycemia to outcome in cases of severe traumatic brain injury, and to examine factors that may be responsible for the hyperglycemic state. METHODS A retrospective analysis in an intensive care unit of a level 1 trauma center investigated 77 patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 8 or lower who survived more than 5 days were reviewed. Serum glucose, base deficit, GCS, use of steroids, and amounts of insulin and carbohydrates were recorded for 5 days, along with age. The Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS) for the head, chest, and abdomen also were recorded. A hyperglycemia score (HS) was calculated as follows. A value of 1 was assigned each day the glucose exceeded 170 mg/dL (range, 0-5). A hyperglycemia score for days 3, 4, and 5 (HS day 3-5) also was calculated (range, 0-3). Outcomes included mortality, day 5 GCS, intensive care unit length of stay, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS Of the 77 patients, 24 (31.2%) died. Nonsurvivors had higher glucose levels each day. The HS was higher for those who died: 2.4 +/- 1.7 versus 1.5 +/- 1.4 (p = 0.02). Univariate analysis showed that only HS and ISS correlated with all four outcome variables studied. Cox's regression analysis showed that mortality was related to age and ISS. Head AIS and HS were independent predictors of lower day 5 GCS, whereas HS 3-5 and day 4 GCS were related to prolonged hospital length of stay. Older age, diabetes, and lower day 1 GCS were associated with higher HS, whereas carbohydrate infusion rate, ISS, head AIS, and steroid administration were not. CONCLUSIONS Early hyperglycemia is associated with poor outcomes for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Tighter control of serum glucose without reduction of nutritional support may improve the prognosis for these critically ill patients.
Performance Analysis of User Pairing Algorithm in Full-Duplex Cellular Networks

In a full duplexing (FD) wireless cellular network, a base station operates in FD mode, while the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) users operate in half duplexing (HD) mode. Thus, the downlink and uplink transmissions occur simultaneously so that interuser interference from a UL to a DL user occurs. In an FD network, the main challenge to minimize the interuser interference is user pairing, which determines a pair of DL and UL users who use the same radio resource simultaneously. We formulate a nonconvex optimization problem for user pairing to maximize the cell throughput. Then, we propose a heuristic user pairing algorithm with low complexity. This algorithm is designed such that the DL user having a better signal quality has higher priority to choose its paired UL user for throughput maximization. Thereafter, we conduct theoretical performance analysis of the FD cellular system based on stochastic geometry and analyze the impact of the user paring algorithm on the performance of the FD cellular system. Results show that the FD system that uses the proposed user pairing algorithm effectively reduces the interuser interference and approaches optimal performance. It also considerably outperforms the FD system using a random user pairing and almost doubles the conventional HD system in terms of cell throughput.
A comparative review of methods for comparing means using partially paired data

In medical experiments with the objective of testing the equality of two means, data are often partially paired by design or because of missing data. The partially paired data represent a combination of paired and unpaired observations. In this article, we review and compare nine methods for analyzing partially paired data, including the two-sample t-test, paired t-test, corrected z-test, weighted t-test, pooled t-test, optimal pooled t-test, multiple imputation method, mixed model approach, and the test based on a modified maximum likelihood estimate. We compare the performance of these methods through extensive simulation studies that cover a wide range of scenarios with different effect sizes, sample sizes, and correlations between the paired variables, as well as true underlying distributions. The simulation results suggest that when the sample size is moderate, the test based on the modified maximum likelihood estimator is generally superior to the other approaches when the data is normally distributed and the optimal pooled t-test performs the best when the data is not normally distributed, with well-controlled type I error rates and high statistical power; when the sample size is small, the optimal pooled t-test is to be recommended when both variables have missing data and the paired t-test is to be recommended when only one variable has missing data.
Predictive and Prognostic Value of the TauProtein in Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM Predictive markers for response to chemotherapy are required in breast cancer. The Tau protein is a microtubule-associated protein variably expressed in breast cancer. The objective of our study was to describe drug resistance induced by the tau protein, and its predictive and prognostic value in breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline and PubMed databases were searched in April 2015 for terms "tau protein", "breast cancer", "chemotherapy sensitivity", "biomarker" and "taxane resistance". RESULTS In vitro, tau protein competes with taxane for controlling microtubule dynamic and loss of tau expression may render microtubules more vulnerable to the effects of taxanes. High tau protein expression was associated with better prognosis, even after adjustment for grade, hormone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 expression, nodal status. The predictive value of the tau protein for sensitivity to taxane is discordant despite there being a trend for an association between low tau expression and increased response rate. CONCLUSION Tau protein expression is insufficient for identifying a subset of patients with carcinomas that may benefit more from chemotherapy.
ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

(1.1) y(n + 1) = Jy(n) + f(n, y(n)), where y is a d-vector, J is a constant d x d matrix and f(n, y) is a vector-valued function which is continuous in y for fixed n and becomes "small" in some sense as (n,y)-+(oo,0). Systems of this type have been studied by Perron, among others; see for example [10]. Perron has also investigated the analogous problem of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the differential equation
Do Men Advance Faster Than Women? Debunking the Gender Performance Gap in Two Massively Multiplayer Online Games

Prior research on digital games illustrates a perceived gender gap in participation and performance, suggesting men as playing more and better than women. This article challenges the gender gap using longitudinal behavioral data of men and women in 2 MMOs in the United States and China. Results show that women advance at least as fast as men do in both games. Thus, perceived gender-based performance disparities seem to result from factors that are confounded with gender i.e., amount of play, not player gender itself. We conclude that the stereotype of female players as inferior is not only false, but also a potential cause for unequal participation in digital gaming.
The occurrence and clinicopathological significance of serotonin immunoreactive cells in large bowel carcinoma

We studied the incidence, clinicopathological relevance and prognostic significance of serotonin immunoreactive cells in a clinically well‐documented series of 300 large bowel cancer patients. Serotonin immunoreactive cells were detected in 8 per cent of the carcinomas, occurring either as focal clusters (4.7 per cent) or as occasional single cells (3.3 per cent). Both types frequently displayed presence of mucin and/or immunoreactivity for secretory component as well. In respect of localization, stage of tumour extension and histological grade tumours with serotonin immunoreactivity showed no significant differences in comparison with carcinomas lacking this feature. In terms of survival, however, the tumours with serotonin immunoreactivity demonstrated a more aggressive clinical course in comparison with tumours without these cells. This phenomenon reached borderline statistical significance. It is therefore concluded that the study of serotonin immunoreactivity in large bowel carcinomas enables the identification of a subpopulation of colorectal carcinomas with a relatively poor prognosis.
Interspecific variability of endocrine disruption and oxidative stress in two bivalve species from the Ria Formosa Lagoon (south coast of Portugal)

Estuaries are highly productive ecosystems that have been increasingly affected by anthropogenic activities. In this study, the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and their relation to oxidative stress were assessed in two bivalve species (mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis and clams Ruditapes decussatus ) from the Ria Formosa Lagoon (south Portugal). We applied the alkali-labile phosphate (ALP) assay to determine vitellogenin-like protein levels, and the lipid peroxidation (LPO) method to assess oxidative damage. Mussels and clams exhibited the same pattern of ALP concentrations, with no differences between genders and higher levels in winter. R. decussatus showed higher ALP values than M. galloprovincialis , possibly associated with a stronger responsiveness of clams to EDCs or due to the influence of the reproductive cycle. Mussels exhibited a more evident seasonal effect for LPO, indicating that these organisms are more influenced by seasonal fluctuations in the water column compared to the sediment-associated clams. Both species appear to be under the influence of EDC exposure (which could induce Vg-like protein synthesis) and oxidative stressors (leading to lipid peroxidation) in the Ria Formosa Lagoon, particularly in winter, reflecting the presence of different contaminants in Ria Formosa and environmental changes, as well as complex interactions between them.
Motivational facets of self-regulated learning : self-efficacy as a predictor of resource management strategies in Iranian TEFL students

This study examined the contribution of self-efficacy and control of learning beliefs to the components of learning strategies of self-regulated learning in Iranian college students. The sample comprised 202 undergraduate EFL students. The shortened 37-item version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire was used to assess the constructs in this study. Pearson product-moment correlations revealed that control of learning beliefs and self-efficacy components of the MSLQ are strongly associated with each other, besides a significantly positive association with other components of self-regulated learning strategies. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that both self-efficacy and control of learning beliefs had significantly positive contribution to the prediction of cognitive strategy use in the Iranian collegiate learning environment. Self-efficacy was also found to be a significant predictor of resource management strategies. The results are consistent with the findings of the previous investigations on motivation and its influence on SRL strategies use in traditional classrooms.
Potential of sivelestat in protection against severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury in rats

ABSTRACT The incidence of acute pancreatitis has been rising worldwide in the past few decades. Despite extensive research efforts, the population-based mortality from acute pancreatitis remains high. Since dysfunction of multiple vital organs, most importantly the lungs, is the major cause of early death in acute pancreatitis patients, developing effective strategies to manage lung injury has become one of the focuses of recent research efforts aiming at improving the outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis. In this study, we attempted to create a rat model of acute pancreatitis through intraductal infusion of taurocholate and to evaluate the potential of sivelestat, a synthetic neutrophil elastase inhibitor, in protection against acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury using this rat model. The results demonstrated that: (1) 5% sodium taurocholate successfully induced histopathologic and biochemical abnormalities in the circulation, lung and pancreas characteristic of human acute pancreatitis, including an increase in amylase concentration and a decrease in partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) in the blood, increases in activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) (a lung injury marker) and neutrophil elastase (a quantitative indicator of neutrophil infiltration), and levels of malondialdehyde (an indicator of lipid peroxidation) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (a major inflammatory mediator) in the lung; (2) intravenous administration of sivelestat effectively attenuated the taurocholate-induced abnormalities in all parameters analyzed except for serum amylase concentration. Our findings have validated the taurocholate model of acute pancreatitis and demonstrated great therapeutic potential for sivelestat in managing acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury.
Platelet aggregation in dogs with mitral valve regurgitation.

OBJECTIVE To compare platelet aggregation in healthy dogs and dogs with mitral valve regurgitation (MVR) to determine whether regurgitation had an effect on platelet function. ANIMALS 32 dogs with MVR and 43 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE Platelet aggregation was measured with an aggregometer, using adenosine 5'-diphosphate as the aggregating agent, and the maximum aggregation and the enhancement of platelet sensitivity (EPS) values were calculated. RESULTS Platelet count and maximum aggregation were not significantly different between healthy dogs and dogs with MVR. However, EPS values in dogs with MVR were significantly higher than values in healthy dogs. Platelet count and maximum aggregation were not significantly different between dogs classified as New York Heart Association functional class I or II and dogs classified as functional class III or IV; however, EPS values were significantly higher in dogs classified as functional class III or IV. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that platelet aggregation is decreased in dogs with MVR and that the EPS value may be more sensitive to differences in disease severity than in measurement of maximum aggregation.
Shallow extra mixing in solar twins inferred from Be abundances

M.T. M. thanks for support by CNPq (142437/2014-0). J.M. thanks for support by FAPESP (2012/24392-2). M.A. and D.Y. acknowledge financial support from the Australian Research Council (grant DP120100991).
Lupus erythematosus. What’s new?

Inaloz et al . in this issue describe a case of lupus erythematosus/ lichen planus (LE/LP) overlap syndrome with scarring alopecia; they stress the heterogeneity of this rare condition. Although LE and LP are not infrequent, their coexistence or overlap is rare, and the reported cases are either of LE type mimicking LP, or display clinical, histological and immunopathological features of both diseases with no conversion into the distinctive subset of LE. In the case presented, the skin involvement was typical of cutaneous LE (CLE), whereas the scarring alopecia could be related to both LE and LP. By localization on the scalp the differentiation of these two disorders is especially difficult because the target of invading lymphocytes are hair follicles and basal keratinocytes in both diseases. Thus, the histopathological pattern can be similar, and the immunopathology must be interpreted with great caution. The pathological signs useful in recognizing LE are: thickened basement membrane zone (BMZ) and hyaline bodies, usually arranged along or near the BMZ. In LP the hyaline bodies appear mostly in large, irregular clusters, situated deep in the corium, and the lysis of basal keratinocytes often results in subepidermal cleft formation. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study could be helpful only if the IF band is of IgG and IgA class, whereas IgM and C4 deposits are not characteristic. 1
A pathway from neuroticism to depression: examining the role of emotion regulation

We examined whether the relation between neuroticism and the severity of depressive symptoms is mediated by emotion regulation. At the same time, we examined whether the type of emotion regulation strategy (maladaptive vs. adaptive) moderates the effects of neuroticism on depression severity. Community participants (N = 533; 235 women and 298 men) completed a set of questionnaires over the Internet. We used structural equation modeling to examine the mediational role of emotion regulation in linking neuroticism and the levels of depressive symptoms. The well-documented relation between neuroticism and depression is mediated by individual differences in the use of different emotion regulation strategies. More specifically, the use of maladaptive forms of emotion regulation, but not reappraisal, fully mediated the association between neuroticism and the severity of depressive symptoms.
An exploratory clustering approach for extracting stride parameters from tracking collars on free-ranging wild animals

ABSTRACT Changes in stride frequency and length with speed are key parameters in animal locomotion research. They are commonly measured in a laboratory on a treadmill or by filming trained captive animals. Here, we show that a clustering approach can be used to extract these variables from data collected by a tracking collar containing a GPS module and tri-axis accelerometers and gyroscopes. The method enables stride parameters to be measured during free-ranging locomotion in natural habitats. As it does not require labelled data, it is particularly suitable for use with difficult to observe animals. The method was tested on large data sets collected from collars on free-ranging lions and African wild dogs and validated using a domestic dog. Summary: An unsupervised machine learning and phase-based steady locomotion detection method allows stride parameters to be extracted from GPS/accelerometer animal tracking collar data collected from free-ranging wild animals.
Instrumental variables estimation of a generalized correlated random coefficients model

We study identi? cation and estimation of the average treatment effect in a correlated random coefficients model that allows for ? rst stage heterogeneity and binary instruments. The model also allows for multiple endogenous variables and interactions between endogenous variables and covariates. Our identi? cation approach is based on averaging the coefficients obtained from a collection of ordinary linear regressions that condition on different realizations of a control function. This identi? cation strategy suggests a transparent and computationally straightforward estimator of a trimmed average treatment effect constructed as the average of kernel-weighted linear regres-sions. We develop this estimator and establish its vn–consistency and asymptotic normality. Monte Carlo simulations show excellent ? nite-sample performance that is comparable in precision to the standard two-stage least squares estimator. We apply our results to analyze the effect of air pollution on house prices, and ? nd substantial heterogeneity in ? rst stage instrument effects as well as heterogeneity in treatment effects that is consistent with household sorting.
Effects of induction docetaxel, platinum, and fluorouracil chemotherapy in patients with stage III or IVA/B nasopharyngeal cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy: Final results of 2 parallel phase 2 clinical trials

The effects of docetaxel, platinum, and fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) are unclear. This study examined the long‐term outcomes of the addition of this regimen to CCRT for stage III and IVA/B NPC.