Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 2015 reality check on cellular therapies based on stem cells and their insulin-producing surrogates

Stem cell technology has recently gained a substantial amount of interest as one method to create a potentially limitless supply of transplantable insulin-producing cells to treat, and possibly cure diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the art of stem cell technology and list the potential sources of stem cells that have been shown to be useful as insulin-expressing surrogates. We also discuss the milestones that have been reached and those that remain to be addressed to generate bona fide beta cell-similar, insulin-producing surrogates. The caveats, limitations, and realistic expectations are also considered for current and future technology. In spite of the tremendous technical advances realized in the past decade, especially in the field of reprogramming adult somatic cells to become stem cells, the state-of-the art still relies on lengthy and cumbersome in vitro culture methods that yield cell populations that are not particularly glucose-responsive when transplanted into diabetic hosts. Despite the current impediments toward clinical translation, including the potential for immune rejection, the availability of technology to generate patient-specific reprogrammable stem cells has, and will be critical for, important insights into the genetics, epigenetics, biology, and physiology of insulin-producing cells in normal and pathologic states. This knowledge could accelerate the time to reach the desired breakthrough for safe and efficacious beta cell surrogates. Nick Giannoukakis and Massimo Trucco
Transport Metrics in Type 2 Diabetes Running title : Oxygenation heterogeneity in diabetes

Aims: Exercise capacity is impaired in type 2 diabetes, and this impairment predicts excess morbidity and mortality. This defect appears to involve excess skeletal muscle deoxygenation, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that reduced blood flow, reduced local recruitment of blood volume/hematocrit, or both contribute to excess skeletal muscle deoxygenation in type 2 diabetes. Methods: In patients with (n=23) and without (n=18) type 2 diabetes, we recorded maximal reactive hyperemic leg blood flow, peak oxygen utilization during cycling ergometer exercise (VO2peak), and near-infrared spectroscopy-derived measures of exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle oxygenation and blood volume/hematocrit. Results: We observed a significant increase (p<0.05) in skeletal muscle deoxygenation in type 2 diabetes despite similar blood flow and recruitment of local blood volume/hematocrit. Within the control group skeletal muscle deoxygenation, local recruitment of microvascular blood volume/hematocrit, blood flow, and VO2peak are all mutually correlated. None of these correlations were preserved in type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: These results suggest that in type 2 diabetes 1) skeletal muscle oxygenation is impaired, 2) this impairment may occur independently of bulk blood flow or local recruitment of blood volume/hematocrit, and 3) local and global metrics of oxygen transport are dissociated.
Slip Flow of Nanofluids between Parallel Plates Heated with a Constant Heat Flux

This study investigates the steady fully developed laminar flow and heat transfer of nanofluids between parallel plates heated with a constant heat flux. The governing equations were solved analytically under the boundary conditions of slip velocity and temperature jump. Water was taken as the base fluid and Cu, CuO and Al2O3 as the nanoparticles. The results were obtained for the slip factor in the range of 0 to 0.04, for the Brinkman number in the range of –0.1 to 0.1, for three different values of the ratio of the liquid layering thickness to the particle radius (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4) and for the solid volume fraction ranging from 0 % to 8 %. The results show that the nanoparticle presence in the base fluid has a significant effect on both the velocity field and heat-transfer characteristics. The average Nusselt number increases considerably with the increase of the nanoparticle solid volume fraction. The average Nusselt number takes much higher values for high values of the ratio of the liquid layering thickness to the nanoparticle radius. The average heat transfer rate of nanofluids between parallel plates ranges from the highest to the lowest when Cu, Al2O3, and CuO are used as nanoparticles, respectively.
, changes of neighboring muscles Changes in muscle spindle firing in response to length

http://www.the-aps.org/. 20814-3991. Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society. ESSN: 1522-1598. Visit our website at times a year (twice monthly) by the American Physiological Society, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD publishes original articles on the function of the nervous system. It is published 24 Journal of Neurophysiology by gest on July 8, 2016 http://jnsiology.org/ D ow nladed fom
On the mass distribution of stars in the solar neighborhood

The present authors analyze samples consisting of Hipparcos stars. Based on the corresponding HR diagrams they estimate masses of Main-Sequence stars from their visual magnitudes. They find that already beyond the heliocentric radius of 10 pc the effects of observational selection against K and M dwarfs become rather strong. For this reason the authors are inclined to think that the results concerning this heliocentric sphere appear as realistic, i. e. the fraction of low-mass stars (under half solar mass) is about 50% and, as a consequence, the mean star mass should be about 0.6 solar masses and Agekyan's factor about 1.2. That stars with masses higher than 5 M○ are very rare is confirmed also from the data concerning more remote stars. It seems that white dwarfs near the Sun are not too frequent so that their presence cannot affect the main results of the present work significantly.
Study of the Communication Attitude of Slovenian Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter

Data of investigations with the Communication Attitude Test (CAT) have shown this standardized test to be an internally reliable and valid instrument for differentiating children who stutter (CWS) from those who do not (CWNS). The present study’s aim was to obtain preliminary normative and comparative data of the communication attitude of fluent and stuttering gradeschool children using a Slovenian version of the CAT (CAT-SLO). In addition, the effect of stuttering severity and age on the CAT scores were investigated. Preliminary data on item and discriminant analysis are presented. The CAT-SLO was administered to 136 CWNS and 58 CWS. The Stuttering Severity Instrument (SSI) was used to determine stuttering severity. The CWS scored statistically significantly higher on the CAT-SLO than the CWNS. Stuttering severity did not seem to play a role in the extent of the negative speech-associated attitude. Communication attitude was differentially affected by age among the CWS, but not for the CWNS. Four items did not discriminate significantly between the two participant groups. Overall, the CAT-SLO has shown to have a high discriminant power. This test is a useful tool in the assessment of grade-school CWS as the first Slovenian calibrated instrument for the evaluation of communication attitude.
Molecule-1 Regulates Endothelial Barrier Function Crosstalk Between Reticular Adherens Junctions and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion

Robert J. Cain, Natalia Reglero-Real, Anaïs Jiménez, Eva Cernuda-Morollón, Isabel Correas, Laura Fernández-Martín, Beatriz Marcos-Ramiro, Carolina L. Bigarella, Mariona Graupera, Molecule-1 Regulates Endothelial Barrier Function Crosstalk Between Reticular Adherens Junctions and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Print ISSN: 1079-5642. Online ISSN: 1524-4636 Copyright © 2012 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology published online June 21, 2012; Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. http://atvb.ahajournals. org/content/early/2012/06/21/ATVBAHA.112. 252080 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the http://atvb.ahajournals. org/content/suppl/2012/06/21/ATVBAHA.112. 252080.DC1. html Data Supplement (unedited) at:
Ferreira subjected to malolactic fermentation in barrels varieties Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon Amino acids and volatile compounds in wines from

The aim of the present paper is to compare the behaviour of industrial lactic bacteria and indigenous bacteria of the cellar when malolactic fermentation was carried out in barrels. The effects of these bacteria on the concentration of metabolised amino acids during malolactic fermentation and on the composition of volatile compounds both before and after malolactic fermentation are studied. The experiment was performed with wines of the Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties. An analysis has been made of the easily extractable volatile compounds of the wood and the compounds from the grapes, and the action of the yeasts during the alcoholic fermentation. Acetoin and diacetyl decreased during the malolactic fermentation in barrels and the concentrations of furfural and its derivatives were up to 100 times higher in wines not subjected to malolactic fermentation. Most of the volatile phenols increased during the malolactic fermentation in wines of the Tempranillo variety, while only guaiacol (p< 0.05) and t-isoeugenol increased in the Cabernet Sauvignon wines. The decrease in amino acids during the malolactic fermentation depends much more on the variety than on the bacterial strain which carries out the malolactic fermentation.
MSCS IN CLINICAL TRIALS : A BRIDGE TOO FAR ?

Seminars in N and currently the best therapeutic option for end-stage renal disease patients is kidney transplantation. However, although short-term graft outcomes after transplantation have improved substantially as a result of new and more potent immunosuppressive drugs, the long-term survival has hardly changed. This most likely is caused by a combination of nonimmunologic side effects and sustained alloreactivity to the graft resulting in fibrosis. In addition, current immunosuppressive drugs have side effects, including nephrotoxicity, infections, and malignancies that compromise long-term outcomes. Consequently, there is a strong interest in immunosuppressive therapies that maintain efficacy, while reducing side effects. Because mesenchymal stromal cells have potent anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties, these cells are of particular interest as new candidates in transplant recipients. Mesenchymal stromal cells might play roles in the treatment of allograft rejection and fibrosis and in calcineurin minimization and induction protocols. In the present review we discuss both preclinical as well as clinical evidence of their therapeutic potential in kidney transplantation. In addition, challenges and obstacles for clinical translation are discussed. Semin Nephrol 34:351-364 C 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Development of a multiplexed LC-MRM / MS method for evaluation of salivary proteins as oral cancer biomarkers

1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 2 Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 3 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 4 Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan 6 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan 7 School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
Impact of laptop usage on symptoms leading to musculoskeletal disorders

Due to inherent portability of laptops, users frequently assume inconvenient postures while using them that may lead to discomfort or injury. The study was conducted to evaluate the postures and identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in girls using laptops for which 100 college going female students between 18 - 25 years age group were selected through random sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was used to assess the laptop usage among adolescents and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was used to assess the posture of students while working with laptop. Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (SMSQ) was used to assess the nature and severity of self-rated musculoskeletal symptoms. Results revealed that the maximum respondentâ€™s (74%) posture came under Action level 3 and 26% respondents comes under Action level 2 which indicated that the posture needed â€œfurther investigation and may need changeâ€ or â€œchanges needed soonâ€. There was a positive correlation in Normal (0.50), Mild (0.31), Moderate (0.56) and Severe users (0.60) between the posture adopted by the respondents and the incidence of pain in last 12 months and in Normal (0.76), Mild (0.52), Moderate (0.56) and Severe user (0.65) respectively in last 7 days. The Musculoskeletal Symptoms was prominent in various anatomic regions like Neck, Shoulders, Upper back and Lower back, respectively. These symptoms if not addressed at an earlier stage might lead to Musculoskeletal Disorders.
SingleCell LymphNodeDisaggregates in Metastatic ProstateCancer

BACKGROUND. The size of lymph node (LN) metastases in prostate cancer patients represents an important prognosticator, but histologicalwork-upmaynot reflect the true extent of tumor invasion.Wepresent a novel technique (1) to detect early tumor cell dissemination and (2) to quantify the true tumor burden. METHODS. Prospectively 232 LN of 20 consecutive patients with prostate cancer after lymph node dissection were longitudinally bisected, one half was subjected to single cell immunocytochemistry for pancytokeratine (CK), the other half underwent routine histopathological work-up and step section analysis. In immunocytochemistry, tumor cell density (TCD) was quantified by calculating the number of CK-positive cells/million leucocytes and compared to routine histopathology and step section analysis. RESULTS. Eight of 20 patientswere positive in histopathology and step sectioning, but 14 of 20 patients were positive in single cell analysis. Twenty-five of 232 LN were positive in routine histopathology, whereas 52 of 232 LN were positive in single cell analysis. Median TCD in histopathologically positive LN was 3060.0 10 6 and 9.9 10 6 in histopathologically negative LN (P< 0.0001). Mean TCD of histopathologically negative LN of pN1 patients was significantly higher than the mean TCD of pN0 patients (P< 0.003). Mean TCD per patient correlated with serum-PSA (r1⁄4 0.48, P< 0.006). CONCLUSIONS. Single cell analysis has an increased detection rate compared to routine histopathology and even to serial step section analysis. The method can detect early tumor dissemination and enables quantification of the tumor burden. The subgroup of histopathologically negative LN with CK-positive cells represents tumor cell dissemination not depicted histologically. Prostate 70: 1110–1118, 2010. # 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Protocol Application of Behavior Change Techniques in a Personalized Nutrition Electronic Health Intervention Study : Protocol for the Web-Based Food 4 Me Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: To determine the efficacy of behavior change techniques applied in dietary and physical activity intervention studies, it is first necessary to record and describe techniques that have been used during such interventions. Published frameworks used in dietary and smoking cessation interventions undergo continuous development, and most are not adapted for Web-based delivery. The Food4Me study (N=1607) provided the opportunity to use existing frameworks to describe standardized Web-based techniques employed in a large-scale, internet-based intervention to change dietary behavior and physical activity. Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to describe techniques embedded in the Food4Me study design and explain the selection rationale and (2) to demonstrate the use of behavior change technique taxonomies, develop standard operating procedures for training, and identify strengths and limitations of the Food4Me framework that will inform its use in future studies. Methods: The 6-month randomized controlled trial took place simultaneously in seven European countries, with participants receiving one of four levels of personalized advice (generalized, intake-based, intake+phenotype–based, and intake+phenotype+gene–based). A three-phase approach was taken: (1) existing taxonomies were reviewed and techniques were identified a priori for possible inclusion in the Food4Me study, (2) a standard operating procedure was developed to maintain consistency in the use of methods and techniques across research centers, and (3) the Food4Me behavior change technique framework was reviewed and updated post intervention. An analysis of excluded techniques was also conducted. Results: Of 46 techniques identified a priori as being applicable to Food4Me, 17 were embedded in the intervention design; 11 were from a dietary taxonomy, and 6 from a smoking cessation taxonomy. In addition, the four-category smoking cessation framework structure was adopted for clarity of communication. Smoking cessation texts were adapted for dietary use where JMIR Res Protoc 2018 | vol. 7 | iss. 4 | e87 | p.1 http://www.researchprotocols. org/2018/4/e87/ (page number not for citation purposes) Macready et al JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
Type 2 diabetes , chronic liver disease and hepatocellular cancer : a national retrospective cohort study using linked routine data

Please cite this article as: Wild, S.H. , Morling, J.R. , McAllister, D.A. , Kerssens, J., Fischbacher, C. , Parkes, J., Roderick, P.J., Sattar, N. , Byrne, C.D. , On behalf of the Scottish and Southampton Diabetes and Liver Disease Group and the Scottish Diabetes Research Network Epidemiology Group, Type 2 diabetes, chronic liver disease and hepatocellular cancer: a national retrospective cohort study using linked routine data, Journal of Hepatology (2016), doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.jhep. 2016.01. 014
the spin-current decay in the Pt layer ; the 3 D spin current

We report the observation of magnetoresistance originating from Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in a metallic heterostructure: the Rashba-Edelstein (RE) magnetoresistance. We show that the simultaneous action of the direct and inverse RE effects in a Bi=Ag=CoFeB trilayer couples current-induced spin accumulation to the electric resistance. The electric resistance changes with the magnetic-field angle, reminiscent of the spin Hall magnetoresistance, despite the fact that bulk SOC is not responsible for the magnetoresistance. We further found that, even when the magnetization is saturated, the resistance increases with increasing the magnetic-field strength, which is attributed to the Hanle magnetoresistance in this system.
ctions : viral persistence and

Balasubramanian Ganesh*, Krisztián Bányai, Vito Martella, Ferenc Jakab, Gisela Masachessi and Nobumichi Kobayashi Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), Kolkata, West Bengal, India Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Division of Virology, National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary Department of Veterinary Public Health, Università di Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy Virological Research Group, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary Virological Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary Institute of Virology, “Dr. J. M. Vanella” Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
WHAT FACTORS MOST? IMPACT OF PROGRAMME QUALITY DIMENSIONS ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH BIOSYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMME IN SRI LANKA

In general, education quality can be conceptually determined by the evaluation of students’ satisfaction. In fact, satisfying the students in programme of studies is a key element which directly effect on future students’ intake to a programme or course. The purpose of present study was to determine the impact of programme quality on students' satisfaction amongst the Sri Lankan senior secondary schools students and to analyze which dimensions of programme quality contribute the most in achieving students' satisfaction. This study used quantitative method and administered a questionnaire to 410 Biosystems Technology students from senior secondary schools in the central province of Sri Lanka. The findings revealed that programme quality is an important antecedent and determinant of the students' satisfaction with their programme of study. Interestingly, the findings indicated that subject availability for electives is the critical factor that contributes the most on students' satisfaction followed by subject content in major, classroom environment and class size and also school facilities and learning resources. Thus, the findings of the present study have provided significant contribution to the body of the knowledge in programme quality and students' satisfaction and also relevant authorities in general education such as policymakers, curriculum developers, and other relevant personnel to make necessary amendments to be improve the quality of existing programme that ensures the students' satisfaction. Article visualizations:
AXEL DOLD , FRIEDRICH VON HENKE

This paper reports on a large verification effort in constructing an initial fully trusted bootstrap compiler executable for a realistic system programming language and real target processor. The construction and verification process comprises three tasks: the verification of the compiling specification (a relation between abstract source and target programs) with respect to the language semantics and a realistic correctness criterion. This proof has been completely mechanized using the PVS verification system and is one of the largest case-studies in formal verification we are aware of. Second, the implementation of the specification in the high-level source language following a transformational approach, and finally, the implementation and verification of a binary executable written in the compiler's target language. For the latter task, a realistic technique has been developed, which is based on rigorous a-posteriori syntactic code inspection and which guarantees, for the first time, trusted execution of generated machine programs. The context of this work is the joint German research effort Verifix aiming at developing methods for the construction of correct compilers for realistic source languages and real target processors.