Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Commentary: is Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance surveillance needed and how can it be delivered? Authors' reply

1. McNulty CAM, Lasseter G, Shaw I, et al. Is Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance surveillance needed and how can it be delivered? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35: 1221–30. 2. Selgrad M, Bornschein J, Malfertheiner P. Guidelines for treatment of Helicobacter pylori in the East and West. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011; 9: 581–8. 3. Hirschl AM, Makristathis A. Methods to detect Helicobacter pylori: from culture to molecular biology. Helicobacter 2007; 12(Suppl. 2): 6–11. 4. Selgrad M, Kandulski A, Malfertheiner P. Helicobacter pylori: diagnosis and treatment. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2009; 25: 549–56. 5. Logan RP. The chemotherapeutic effects of H/K inhibitors on Helicobacter pylori infection. Pharmacol Ther 1996; 69: 79–83. 6. Wex T, Venerito M, Kreutzer J, Gotze T, Kandulski A, Malfertheiner P. Serological prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, in 2010. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2011; 18: 2109–12. 7. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain CA, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection–the Maastricht IV/Florence Consensus Report. Gut 2012; 61: 646–64. 8. Malfertheiner P, Bazzoli F, Delchier JC, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication with a capsule containing bismuth subcitrate potassium, metronidazole, and tetracycline given with omeprazole versus clarithromycin-based triple therapy: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2011; 377: 905–13.
Sources of information about diet and health in a Mediterranean country Comparison with other European member states

Background: A Pan-European survey was carried out to assess the main sources of information about healthy diet in the European population and to assess whether these sources differ between a Mediterranean country and other European populations. Methods: This study belongs to a Pan-European survey on Attitudes to Food, Nutrition and Health. A multistage sampling procedure was used. Each subject was asked about the main sources of information on healthy eating. The survey was completed between October 1995 and February 1996 in the 15 member states of the European Union. The questionnaire was completed by 14,331 persons, approximately 1,000 from each member state. Data were quota controlled by sociodemographic factors and all results were weighted for the purpose of maintaining national representativeness. The participants were asked to indicate which sources they used more often out of a list with 22 options. They were allowed to select a maximum of two sources. Results: The source of information television programmes or radio' was more prevalent in the rest of the member states of the European Union (30.9%) than in Spain (25.7%). 'Health professionals' were mentioned with similar frequency as a source of information in Spain and in the rest of the European Union. Conclusions: Our results confirm that mass media play an important role in transferring messages about healthy eating to the general public. Increasing the circulation of newspapers in Spain, where a low level of newspaper reading exists, would probably improve the knowledge of the general public.
BRAIN TUMOR AND CEREBRAL CIRCULATION

In the daily clinical practice it is of utmost importance to evaluate the state of cerebral circulation of the patient. Many investigators, therefore, have worked on the subject of cerebral circulation, though rather little progress has been made because of morphological specificity of the cerebral blood vessels, complicity of cerebrovascular anastomoses, great difference between man and experimental animal and great experimental difficulty due to vital and delicate nature of the brain tissue. The applied experimental approaches to the study of cerebral circulation may be classified into direct and indirect methods. The direct method is those of following three ways. The first is skull window method originated by Forbes(1) in 1928 in which changes of the pial vessels are observed through an artificial window of the skull with the aid of binocular microscopes. This method is not suitable for man except in special occasions, but it is capable for animal experiments. Shortcomings of this method lie in that it does not give the overall picture of the cerebral circulation because we can neither determine the absolute volume of cerebral blood flow in a cirtain time by this method nor we can assume that pial vessels and vessels deeper in the brain substance yield indentical response to a same stimulus. The second method is by way of observation of the blood vessels of the ocular fundi which was introduced by Gollwitzer-Meier et al(2) in 1932. In Japan we have excellent reports by Uemura(3) in 1953. Clinically the cerebral blood vessels are closely related with ophthalmic and central retinal arteries, and the observation of blood vessels of the fundi yields information concerning cerebral circulation. This method is easily applicable on man. It has the same advantage and disadvantage with the skull window method. We are only guessing the cerebral blood flow through
Frontotemporal Dementia-amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Complex is Simulated by Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation

We describe a case of late onset neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) presenting as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A male patient presented at age 66 with change of personality: disinhibition, emotional blunting, and socially inappropriate behavior, coupled with dysarthria, dystonia, and corticospinal tract involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging showed general cortical atrophy, iron deposits in the globus pallidus, and the “eye of the tiger” sign. Neuropsychologic performance was globally reduced, especially executive functions. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography showed hypometabolism predominantly in frontal and temporal areas. Repeated neurophysiologic examinations showed signs of chronic denervation. The patient was diagnosed with NBIA but fulfilled consensus criteria for FTD and had a clinical picture of ALS, without neurophysiologic confirmation. Our finding introduces NBIA as a possible cause of FTD and as a differential diagnosis of the FTD-ALS complex.
The influence of occlusion on masticatory performance and satisfaction in complete denture wearers.

Complete dentures should satisfy patients' needs for comfort, function and aesthetics. Thirty edentulous patients were enrolled in this study. Two sets of complete dentures were made for each patient: one with bilaterally balanced occlusion and the other with lingualised occlusion. The patients used each type of denture for 6 months. A single-blind study design was used in which the patients were not aware of the exchange of dentures. In each 3-month period, electromyographic measurements of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles were performed. At the end of 6 months, patient satisfaction was evaluated. The second measurement of lingualised occlusion showed the greatest muscle activity, while chewing gum in both the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles (174·5 and 208·19 μV, respectively). The greatest maximum voluntary contraction was also found for the second measurement of lingualised occlusion for both the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles (142·91 and 187·55 μV, respectively). The mean chewing time decreased with lingualised occlusion. The percent distribution of the patients' ratings of their complete dentures and patient satisfaction with lingualised occlusion were higher than those for bilaterally balanced occlusion. Complete dentures with lingualised occlusion increased masticatory performance, maximum voluntary contraction and patient satisfaction and decreased chewing time.
Effects of Flumazenil on Hemodynamics and the Stress Reaction in Patients under the Sedation with Midazolam

ミダゾラム鎮静患者の意識,呼吸状態の評価のため,ベンゾジアゼピン拮抗薬のフルマゼニルを投与する際,心循環動態および急性ストレス反応の変化を検討した。 対象は,ミダゾラムの持続投与を受け,Swan-Ganzカテーテルによって心循環動態を管理されている喘息重積発作,肺炎,膿胸の5症例(平均61±15歳)である。 ミダゾラムは,2～7日間に1. 1～3. 1μg/kg/minの量で持続静脈内投与されている。 各症例のフルマゼニル投与直前の血清ベンゾジアゼピン受容体結合活性は,ジアゼパム当量として250～2,700ng/mlの範囲であった。 方法は,一定量のミダゾラム投与下で0. 5mgのフルマゼニルを1回投与して,意識レベル,血圧,心拍数,心係数,体血管抵抗の変化を投与60分後まで経時的に評価した。 さらに,カテコラミン,3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol(以下MHPGと略す),コルチゾールの血中濃度を,投与60分後まで測定した。 フルマゼニル投与後5分以内に全例で意識レベルが改善し,投与5分後に血圧は150±21/67±7mmHgから178±38/81±6mmHg,心拍数は80±7/minから94±17/min, pressure-rate product(以下PRPと略す)は12,000±2,200mmHg/minから17,200±6,800mmHg/minとそれぞれ有意な上昇を示したが,心係数,体血管抵抗の変化は各症例で異なった。 血漿エピネフリン,ノルエピネフリン濃度は,投与10分後にそれぞれ120±50pg/ml, 290±160pg/mlから270±120pg/ml, 390±140pg/mlと有意な増加を示したが,MHPG,コルチゾール濃度に変化は認められなかった。 ミダゾラム鎮静の患者にフルマゼニルで覚醒を促す際,交感神経系活動の亢進から血中カテコラミン濃度が上昇し,血圧,心拍数,PRPが増加したと考えられる。 しかし,本症例に対する0. 5mgフルマゼニル負荷では,血中MHPG,コルチゾール濃度が上昇するほど急性ストレス反応は生じなかった。 ミダゾラム鎮静患者にフルマゼニルを投与する場合には,心循環動態の変動に注意を要すると思われた。
Dose and Content of Training Provided to Stroke Survivors with Severe Upper Limb Disability Undertaking Inpatient Rehabilitation: An Observational Study

Background: To retrain upper limb function after stroke, a high dose of activity-related therapy is recommended. However, observational studies indicate that the dose undertaken is minimal. While it is speculated that those with severe disability will perform less therapy, this remains to be explored. Objective: Quantify the dose and content of upper limb therapy performed by stroke survivors with severe upper limb disability during routine inpatient rehabilitation. Methods: Therapy provided by physiotherapists and occupational therapists to 32 stroke survivors receiving inpatient rehabilitation over 20 weekdays was recorded. Dose of individual and group therapy was analysed by discipline and severity of upper and lower limb disability. Dose and content of individual therapy was also analysed by functional domain. Results: On average, 46 minutes of individual and 11 minutes of group upper limb therapy were provided per participant, per day. Occupational therapists provided a higher dose of both individual and group therapy compared to physiotherapists (p < 0.0005). Findings suggest that greater residual upper and lower limb movement can lead to provision of a higher dose of activity-related therapy. Within individual therapy, a higher dose (29 versus 17 minutes, p < 0.002) and greater number (1218 versus 549) of impairment- than activity-related interventions were administered. Conclusions: The dose of activity-related upper limb therapy provided to stroke survivors with severe disability was limited. There is a need to identify interventions and models of service delivery that can increase the intensity and appropriateness of therapy that stroke survivors with severe disability undertake during inpatient rehabilitation.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Dynamics Differ Between Alzheimer Disease Patients and Elderly Controls

The time courses of levels of multiple plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and in age-matched control subjects were compared. Interleukin (IL)-1&bgr;, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-&ggr;, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were measured 7 times over a 24-hour period in plasma and CSF using a lumbar catheter. Baseline plasma and CSF cytokine levels were found to be similar in AD and control subjects. However, the CSF levels of all measured cytokines, except IL-6 and IL-8, diverged over time between AD and control subjects, such that CSF cytokine levels in AD subjects were higher than in controls. This difference was greatest at 24 hours after the insertion of the lumbar catheter. In contrast, no differences in cytokine trajectories were seen in plasma. These data suggest that the neuroinflammatory response to lumbar catheter placement differs between AD and control subjects.
Identification and molecular characterization of adenovirus types (HAdV‐8, HAdV‐37, HAdV‐4, HAdV‐3) in an epidemic of keratoconjunctivitis occurred in Pune, Maharashtra, Western India

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a highly contagious infectious disease of the ocular surface and is caused mainly due to adenoviruses species D, B, and E. The present study was carried out to identify and characterize the viral etiological agents associated with the keratoconjunctivitis cases reported from Pune (Maharashtra), Western India between November–December 2013 and January, October–November 2014. Conjunctival swab specimens (n = 23) obtained from keratoconjunctivitis patients were subjected to detection of Adenovirus (AdV) and Enterovirus (EV) by PCR/RT‐PCR using hexon and 5′ NCR gene specific primers, respectively. Molecular typing of AdV and EV positive specimens was carried out by amplifying penton, fiber, and VP1 genes, respectively followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In this study, human adenovirus (HAdV) was identified as an etiological agent. None of the clinical specimens were found positive for enterovirus. AdV positivity in keratoconjunctivitis cases was found to be 60.9% (14/23). Fourteen of the HAdV positive strains, all of them were amplified by hexon gene, nine strains by fiber gene, and all 14 strains by penton gene specific primers. Sequencing of all HAdV positive samples revealed the presence of HAdV‐8, HAdV‐37, HAdV‐3, and HAdV‐4. All Indian strains showed highest nucleotide identity with the reference strains reported worldwide. The study revealed the circulation of HAdV‐8 (78.6%) as predominant AdV strain followed by HAdV‐37, HAdV‐3, and HAdV‐4 (7.2%) identified in the epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Multiple types of AdVs in EKC reported for the first time in Western India. J. Med. Virol. 88:2100–2105, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Response: Chemotherapy or allografting for young adults with high-risk ALL?

We thank the correspondent and agree that the issue is important. We enclose [Table 1][1] of survival at 5 years in the subgroups requested by the correspondent, where standard risk (SR) and high risk (HR) refer to white cell count and lineage only. View this table: Table 1 Five-year survival by
Suicide Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life: Results from the Korean Community Health Survey of 393,073 Adults

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a major public health concern worldwide, but it is largely preventable. Although previous studies have suggested quality of life as a predictor of suicide risk, knowledge about this topic is limited by the small number of available subjects and insufficient information. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the EuroQoL 5 dimension (EQ-5D) measurement and the risk of suicidal behaviors among adults in a representative sample of Korea. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The data were obtained from the 2008 and 2009 Korean Community Health Survey. A total of 393,073 participants older than 20 years were included in this study. These participants had no missing information on questionnaires about the EQ-5D measures, suicide behaviors, and other covariates. Of these subjects, 37,689 experienced only suicide ideation and 1,910 subjects experienced both suicide ideation and suicide attempts. RESULTS: We found that participants who experienced suicide ideation and/or suicide attempts had significantly lower quality of life than those who had not experienced such behaviors. After adjusting for confounding variables, the estimate of EQ-5D score was lowest in subjects with both suicide ideation and suicide attempts, followed by subjects with only ideation and then subjects without suicide behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Considering that suicide ideation and suicide attempts are important factors in the likelihood of eventual suicide, assessing quality of life may be beneficial for identifying adults at high-risk of suicide and for reducing suicide-related risks at the population level. Language: en
Rhinovirus C is associated with wheezing and rhinovirus A is associated with pneumonia in hospitalized children in Morocco

Human rhinovirus (RV) is commonly associated with severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children. We aimed to describe the distribution of RV species and associations between RV species and clinical features in children hospitalized with clinically severe pneumonia (CSP) in Morocco. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected from 700 children, 2–59 months of age, admitted with CSP to the Hôpital d'Enfants de Rabat in Morocco. At least one respiratory virus was identified in 92% of children, of which RV was the most common (53%). PCR assays, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree analyses were carried out on 183 RV‐positive NPAs to determine RV species and genotypes. Of 157 successfully genotyped NPAs, 60 (38.2%) were RV‐A, 8 (5.1%) were RV‐B, and 89 (56.7%) were RV‐C. Wheezing and cyanosis were more common in RV‐C‐positive than RV‐A‐positive children (80.9% vs. 56.7%; P = 0.001 for wheezing and 10.1% vs. 0%; P = 0.011 for cyanosis). Physician's discharge diagnosis of pneumonia was more frequent among RV‐A‐positive (40.0%) than RV‐C‐positive children (20.2%; P = 0.009). RV‐A and RV‐C showed distinct seasonal patterns. Our findings suggest that RV‐C is associated with wheezing illness while RV‐A is associated with pneumonia. J. Med. Virol. 89:582–588, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Visual consciousness and bodily self-consciousness.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent years, consciousness has become a central topic in cognitive neuroscience. This review focuses on the relation between bodily self-consciousness - the feeling of being a subject in a body - and visual consciousness - the subjective experience associated with the perception of visual signals. RECENT FINDINGS Findings from clinical and experimental work have shown that bodily self-consciousness depends on specific brain networks and is related to the integration of signals from multiple sensory modalities including vision. In addition, recent experiments have shown that visual consciousness is shaped by the body, including vestibular, tactile, proprioceptive, and motor signals. SUMMARY Several lines of evidence suggest reciprocal relationships between vision and bodily signals, indicating that a comprehensive understanding of visual and bodily self-consciousness requires studying them in unison.
Formação em Nutrição em Saúde Coletiva na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina: reflexões sobre o processo de ensino para fortalecer o Sistema Único de Saúde

The aim of the paper is to report the experience of implementing the pedagogical project of the Undergraduate Course in Nutrition of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil, aiming to meet the Curriculum Guidelines for Nutrition Courses 2001, with emphasis on the formation process in public health. This is a descriptive article that seeks to reflect on the experience of curriculum restructuring implemented in 2009. The pedagogical project of the Undergraduate Course in Nutrition of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, was guided by the principles of the Human Right to Adequate Food, Food and Nutritional Security and the promotion, protection and recovery health. The curriculum restructuring proposed by the structuring teaching core receives external assessory, a partnership of the Departments of Health and Education of Florianopolis, Brazil, and funding from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, based on the assessments carried out on forums with participation of teachers, students and nutritionists. The curriculum comprises the levels of complexity of healthcare of the Brazilian Unified Health System, with integration between disciplines who develop active methods during the theoretical and practical classes. Other practice scenarios are: educational units, establishments of production and marketing of food, and food and nutrition units. The pedagogical coordinators conduct dialogue between Departments, professionals, teachers and students. The curriculum has been evaluated and restructured continuously. Despite the advances, challenges are noted as: A teaching-service integration, the reduced number of nutritionists to practical, disciplinary structure and large number of students in practical classes.
The experience of hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery: individuals with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract How do individuals who have rheumatoid arthritis experience hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery? Using narrative inquiry, stories were gathered of experiences told to the author by adults with rheumatoid arthritis who had undergone hospitalization for orthopaedic surgery. The participants' narratives describe an interrelatedness between aspects of their hospitalization trajectory and the quality of their illness management trajectory after dismissal from hospital. In attempting to increase understanding, to achieve a higher level of awareness, and to give those with chronic illness a voice in their hospital care, a probing look is offered at one person's experience of hospitalization for surgery in the context of also dealing with a chronic illness. What was learned from the study participants' stories mines the often-challenging relationships between the self-managing chronically ill and the acute hospital practice community. It has implications for both health care practice and educational preparation for practice.
Effect of the Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Valsartan on Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Failure: the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT)

In order to assess the efficacy of the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan in the treatment of heart failure (HF), 5010 patients were studied in 16 countries on 4 continents. Patients with chronic HF [NYHA II (62%), III (36%) and IV (2%)], ejection fraction (EF) <40% and …
Genotypic diversity of anogenital human papillomavirus in women attending cervical cancer screening in Harare, Zimbabwe

Although anogenital cancers have been on a gradual rise in developing countries in the past few decades, they have been understudied. The objective was to investigate genotypic diversity of anogenital HPV amongst women reporting for routine cervical cancer screening in Harare in Zimbabwe. A cross‐sectional study that enrolled 144 women ≥18 years from a cervical cancer‐screening clinic was performed. Each woman provided a self‐collected cervico‐vaginal swab (VS) and a clinician‐collected anal swab (CCAS). HIV testing was offered and cervical cytology was performed. Both VS and CCAS samples were HPV genotyped, using amplicon sequencing of the L1 gene region with Illumina technology. Mean age of the women was 39.9 (range 18‐83 years, SD ± 11.0). HPV prevalence was 72% (104/144) in VS and 48% (69/144) in CCAS. The most common genotypes detected in both VS and CCAS were HPV18, HPV52, and HPV16. Sixty two percent of the subjects had multiple genotypic HPV infections. The odds of being HPV‐positive among HIV‐infected women were higher than in HIV‐negative women in both the vagina and the anus (CCAS OR = 4.8; CI 2.4‐9.8, P < 0.001) and (VS OR = 2.9; CI 1.3‐6.4, P = 0.005). High HPV prevalence and diverse genotypes were detected in both the vagina and anus. Anal oncogenic HPV infection was common. HPV 52 was one of the most common oncogenic genotypes in both the vagina and anus. HIV co‐infection played a significant role in the prevalence of HPV. These data have implications for design of primary and secondary programs for prevention of anogenital cancer in Zimbabwe.