Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic Growth in Populations with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder-A Systematic Review on Growth-Related Psychological Constructs and Biological Variables.

Posttraumatic growth (PTG) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are possible consequences of trauma. PTG is supposed to emerge from cognitive processes and can have functional and dysfunctional aspects. This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate publications assessing PTG in adults diagnosed with PTSD in order to analyse the relationship between both constructs, how PTG is related to specific psychological variables and if there are biological variables linked to PTG. This extended review evaluates the quality of measures applied and is the first to study PTG only in populations meeting full PTSD criteria. In addition, the relationship between PTG and other relevant constructs, such as openness, optimism and social support, is explored. Our systematic literature search identified 140 studies of which 19 fulfilled our inclusion criteria; most of them used the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Results indicate that trauma survivors with PTSD exhibit more PTG than those without PTSD and that PTG can be intensified during the therapeutic process whereat it is unclear whether PTG is a desirable outcome of PTSD therapy. Positive correlations between PTG and PTSD are reported. For diagnosed populations, we could not find strong evidence of a quadratic relationship between PTG and PTSD, although some studies support this hypothesis. Findings regarding the association of PTG with psychological variables are heterogeneous. Only one study focused on PTG as well as on biological variables (salivary cortisol) but did not discuss possible links between these two so far unconnected research fields in PTSD. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE Trauma survivors with PTSD develop more PTG than those without PTSD, it remains unclear whether PTSD and PTG are curvilinearly related. PTG can be enhanced through PTSD therapy, nevertheless one must not assume that PTG is a favorable treatment outcome since we do not know if the development of PTG during therapy promotes the reduction of PTSD symptoms. It is unclear whether PTG in PTSD sufferers is a constructive outcome of cognitive processes or a positive illusion in favor of avoidance and denial. Results regarding the association of personality factors, social support and PTG are inconsistent, studies on biological aspects of PTG are lacking.
A comparison of limited-memory Krylov methods for Stieltjes functions of Hermitian matrices

Given a limited amount of memory and a target accuracy, we propose and compare several polynomial Krylov methods for the approximation of f(A)b, the action of a Stieltjes matrix function of a large Hermitian matrix on a vector. Using new error bounds and estimates, as well as existing results, we derive predictions of the practical performance of the methods, and rank them accordingly. As by-products, we derive new results on inexact Krylov iterations for matrix functions in order to allow for a fair comparison of rational Krylov methods with polynomial inner solves.
Hemoglobin: a Gas Transport Molecule That Is Hormonally Regulated in the Ovarian Follicle in Mice and Humans1

ABSTRACT An increasing number of nonerythroid tissues are found to express hemoglobin mRNA and protein. Hemoglobin is a well-described gas transport molecule, especially for O2, but also for NO, CO2, and CO, and also acts as a reactive oxygen species scavenger. We previously found Hba-a1 and Hbb mRNA and protein at high levels within mouse periovulatory cumulus cells, but not in cumulus following in vitro maturation. This led us to investigate the temporal and spatial regulation in follicular cells during the periovulatory period. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were collected from equine chorionic gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin-treated peripubertal SV129 female mice and collected and analyzed for gene expression and protein localization at a variety of time points over the periovulatory period. A further cohort matured in vitro with different forms of hemoglobin (ferro- and ferrihemoglobin) under different O2 atmospheric conditions (2%, 5%, and 20% O2) were subsequently fertilized in vitro and cultured to the blastocyst stage. Murine mRNA transcripts for hemoglobin were regulated by stimulation of the ovulatory cascade, in both granulosa and cumulus cells, and expression of HBA1 and HBB was highly significant in human granulosa and cumulus, but erythrocyte cell marker genes were not. Several other genes involved in hemoglobin function were similarly luteinizing hormone-regulated, including genes for heme biosynthesis. Immunohistochemistry revealed a changing localization pattern of HBA-A1 protein in murine cumulus cells and oocytes following the ovulatory signal. Significantly, no positive staining for HBA-A1 protein was observed within in vitro-matured oocytes, but, if coincubated with ferro- or ferrihemoglobin, cytoplasmic HBA-A1 was observed, similar to in vivo-derived oocytes. Addition of ferro-, but not ferrihemoglobin, had a small, positive effect on blastocyst yield, but only under either 2% or 20% O2 gas atmosphere. The identification of hemoglobin within granulosa and cumulus cells poses many questions as to its function in these cells. There are several possible roles, the most likely of which is either an O2 or NO sequestering molecule; perhaps both roles are engaged. The strong endocrine regulation during the periovulatory period suggests to us that one potential function of hemoglobin is to provide a short-lived hypoxic environment by binding very tightly any available O2. This, in turn, facilitates the differentiation of the follicle towards corpus luteum formation by enabling the stabilization of a key transcription factor known to initiate such differentiation: hypoxia inducible factor.
Pairwise Relationship Guided Deep Hashing for Cross-Modal Retrieval

With benefits of low storage cost and fast query speed, cross-modal hashing has received considerable attention recently. However, almost all existing methods on cross-modal hashing cannot obtain powerful hash codes due to directly utilizing hand-crafted features or ignoring heterogeneous correlations across different modalities, which will greatly degrade the retrieval performance. In this paper, we propose a novel deep cross-modal hashing method to generate compact hash codes through an end-to-end deep learning architecture, which can effectively capture the intrinsic relationships between various modalities. Our architecture integrates different types of pairwise constraints to encourage the similarities of the hash codes from an intra-modal view and an inter-modal view, respectively. Moreover, additional decorrelation constraints are introduced to this architecture, thus enhancing the discriminative ability of each hash bit. Extensive experiments show that our proposed method yields state-of-the-art results on two cross-modal retrieval datasets.
Hedging in games: Faster convergence of external and swap regrets

We consider the setting where players run the Hedge algorithm or its optimistic variant \cite{syrgkanis2015fast} to play an n-action game repeatedly for T rounds. 1) For two-player games, we show that the regret of optimistic Hedge decays at \tilde{O}( 1/T ^{5/6} ), improving the previous bound O(1/T^{3/4}) by \cite{syrgkanis2015fast}. 2) In contrast, we show that the convergence rate of vanilla Hedge is no better than \tilde{\Omega}(1/ \sqrt{T})}, addressing an open question posted in \cite{syrgkanis2015fast}. For general m-player games, we show that the swap regret of each player decays at rate \tilde{O}(m^{1/2} (n/T)^{3/4}) when they combine optimistic Hedge with the classical external-to-internal reduction of Blum and Mansour \cite{blum2007external}. The algorithm can also be modified to achieve the same rate against itself and a rate of \tilde{O}(\sqrt{n/T}) against adversaries. Via standard connections, our upper bounds also imply faster convergence to coarse correlated equilibria in two-player games and to correlated equilibria in multiplayer games.
The State of the Heliosphere Revealed by Limb-halo Coronal Mass Ejections in Solar Cycles 23 and 24

We compare the properties of halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that originate close to the limb (within a central meridian distance range of 60°–∼90°) during solar cycles 23 and 24 to quantify the effect of the heliospheric state on CME properties. There are 44 and 38 limb halos in cycles 23 and 24, respectively. Normalized to the cycle-averaged total sunspot number, there are 42% more limb halos in cycle 24. Although the limb halos as a population are very fast (average speed ∼1464 km s−1), cycle-24 halos are slower by ∼26% than the cycle-23 halos. We introduce a new parameter, the heliocentric distance of the CME leading edge at the time a CME becomes a full halo; this height is significantly shorter in cycle 24 (by ∼20%) and has a lower cutoff at ∼6 Rs. These results show that cycle-24 CMEs become halos sooner and at a lower speed than the cycle-23 ones. On the other hand, the flare sizes are very similar in the two cycles, ruling out the possibility of eruption characteristics contributing to the differing CME properties. In summary, this study reveals the effect of the reduced total pressure in the heliosphere that allows cycle-24 CMEs to expand more and become halos sooner than in cycle 23. Our findings have important implications for the space-weather consequences of CMEs in cycle 25 (predicted to be similar to cycle 24) and for understanding the disparity in halo counts reported by automatic and manual catalogs.
Virtual reality used in a collaborative architectural design process

This paper presents a project and considers the possibilities of using virtual reality in architectural design processes. The main goal of the project is to develop a process for collaborative design of laboratory layouts using VR (Cave-technology) as a tool integrated into the concepts of process architecture. The project has been carried out in co-operation with the Chemical Department at Lund Institute of Technology/Lund University. It is a "real" project integrated in the University's programming process. A workshop initiated the design process and was followed by a series of different design events, which were arranged with participants from one research and one education laboratory. At these events the participants made several visits to their future labs in a VR-Cave. The visits were alternated with more traditional design sessions using paper and pencil. The results show that the collaborative design process including VR helped users by providing a method with which their ideas could be better formulated, analyzed, tested, and finally realized. The results from the project have been incorporated into the building program for the new chemical laboratory building.
Random Reshuffling: Simple Analysis with Vast Improvements

Random Reshuffling (RR) is an algorithm for minimizing finite-sum functions that utilizes iterative gradient descent steps in conjunction with data reshuffling. Often contrasted with its sibling Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), RR is usually faster in practice and enjoys significant popularity in convex and non-convex optimization. The convergence rate of RR has attracted substantial attention recently and, for strongly convex and smooth functions, it was shown to converge faster than SGD if 1) the stepsize is small, 2) the gradients are bounded, and 3) the number of epochs is large. We remove these 3 assumptions, improve the dependence on the condition number from $\kappa^2$ to $\kappa$ (resp.\ from $\kappa$ to $\sqrt{\kappa}$) and, in addition, show that RR has a different type of variance. We argue through theory and experiments that the new variance type gives an additional justification of the superior performance of RR. To go beyond strong convexity, we present several results for non-strongly convex and non-convex objectives. We show that in all cases, our theory improves upon existing literature. Finally, we prove fast convergence of the Shuffle-Once (SO) algorithm, which shuffles the data only once, at the beginning of the optimization process. Our theory for strongly-convex objectives tightly matches the known lower bounds for both RR and SO and substantiates the common practical heuristic of shuffling once or only a few times. As a byproduct of our analysis, we also get new results for the Incremental Gradient algorithm (IG), which does not shuffle the data at all.
CALL FOR PAPERS Translational Research in Acute Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis Hyaluronan mediates airway hyperresponsiveness in oxidative lung injury

Ahmed Lazrak, Judy Creighton, Zhihong Yu, Svetlana Komarova, Stephen F. Doran, Saurabh Aggarwal, Charles W. Emala Sr, Vandy P. Stober, Carol S. Trempus, Stavros Garantziotis,* and Sadis Matalon* Department of Anesthesiology and Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York; and Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Malaysian Language Learners ’ Stereotypes about Germany

This study focuses on stereotypes about Germany, its culture and people, held by learners of German in a big public university in Malaysia. It examines not only the stereotypical representations of the target language country but also assesses its favourability and salience, which has not been done previously. The findings revealed that the students’ stereotypes about Germany were varied and diverse. Also, they were overwhelmingly positive. The top three salient categories of images about Germany were related to technology, famous personalities – for the most part football players and scientists – and cars. The findings also indicated that very few references had been made to German culture and to its great cultural figures. The results of the present study suggest that students could benefit from a wider and deeper exposure to German culture in the language classroom.
Long-term control of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between long-term control of diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis. A total of 75 diabetics (Type I or II) aged 20-70 years with long-term records of their diabetic control were selected for the study. The following periodontal variables were recorded in a randomized half-mouth examination: plaque, calculus (+/-), probing depth (pd) and attachment loss (al). The mean of glycosylated hemoglobin measurements (HbAlc) over the past 2-5 years was used to indicate the long-term control of DM. The study participants were divided into well-, moderately- and poorly-controlled diabetics. An increase in the prevalence, severity and extent of periodontitis with poorer control of diabetes was observed. The extent of calculus also increased with poorer control. In a multiple regression analysis, calculus and long-term control of diabetes were significant variables when pd > or = 4 mm was used as the dependent variable. Age was a significant predictor for al > or = 3 mm but not for pd > or = 4 mm. Sex, duration and type of DM were not significant variables in the regression models. Less than 2% of sites with no calculus demonstrated pd > or = 4 mm. When calculus was present, the frequency of pd > or = 4 mm increased from 6% in the well-controlled diabetics to 16% in the poorly-controlled ones. We conclude that periodontitis in diabetics is associated with long-term metabolic control and presence of calculus. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Comprehensive Recommender System Model: Improving Accuracy for Both Warm and Cold Start Users

Sparsity of the ratings available in the recommender system database makes the task of rating prediction a highly underdetermined problem. This poses a limit on the accuracy and the quality of prediction. In this paper, we utilize secondary information pertaining to user's demography and item categories to enhance prediction accuracy. Within the matrix factorization framework, we introduce additional supervised label consistency terms that match the user and item factor matrices to the available secondary information (metadata). Matrix factorization model-conventionally employed in collaborative filtering techniques-yields dense user and dense item factor matrices-the assumption is that users have an affinity toward all latent factors and items possess all latent factors. Our formulation, based on a recent work, aims to recover a dense user and a sparse item factor matrix-this is a more reasonable model. Human beings show a natural interest toward all the factors, but every item cannot possess all the factors; this leads to a sparse item factor matrix. A natural outcome of our proposal is a solution to the pure cold start problem. We utilize the label consistency map generated from the proposed model to make reasonable recommendations for new users and new items which have not (been) rated yet. We demonstrate the performance of our model for a movie recommendation system. We also design an efficient algorithm for our formulation.
The impact of redistributive policies on inequality in OECD countries

Due to behavioural effects triggered by redistributional interventions, it is still an open question whether government policies are able to effectively reduce income inequality. We contribute to this research question by using different country-level data sources to study inequality trends in OECD countries since 1980. We first investigate the development of inequality over time before analysing the question of whether governments can effectively reduce inequality. Different identification strategies, using fixed effects and instrumental variables models, provide some evidence that governments are capable of reducing income inequality despite countervailing behavioural responses. The effect is stronger for social expenditure policies than for progressive taxation.
Numerical stability and three dimensionality of a streamline hyperbolic critical point in wake at low Reynolds number

In this work the numerical stability of a streamline singular hyperbolic/saddle critical point (HSP) and its relationship with the divergence of pressure force/fluid flux are numerically investigated at low Reynolds numbers. Three canonical configurations at different Reynolds numbers are considered: (a) an isolated circular cylinder; (b) side-by-side circular cylinders and (c) a near-wall circular cylinder. The objective is to investigate the behavior of a HSP subjecting to imbalanced shear-layer interaction and different Reynolds numbers. It is found that a HSP evolves along the shear-layer interfaces and imposes adverse pressure gradients, which potentially deteriorates near-wake stability. The inherent characteristics of a HSP is linked with net positive fluid-fluid divergence and fluid three dimensionality. A vorticity-free stagnant zone is formed around a HSP, which cut the kinetic energy supply of shear layers in wake, project third-dimensional fluid fluxes and develops three-dimensional streamwise braids. These findings are confirmed and explained via the quantification of the fluid-flux divergence, the hydrodynamic responses of cylinder(s) and the secondary enstrophy. The primary focus in this article is to reveal the subtle analytical relationships between HSP, divergence of pressure force/fluid flux, fluid three dimensionality and imbalanced shear-layer interaction. To the knowledge of authors, so far these analytical relationships have not been reported in literature.
Complete infarct-related artery revascularization in acute myocardial infarction patients. CORAMI Registry

Introduction There are still limited data on the occurrence of multiple stenotic lesions within the infarct-related artery (IRA) in acute myocardial infarction (MI), and there is no consensus on the optimal treatment of this patient subgroup, which varies between centers and operators. Aim To analyse the clinical efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) strategy of culprit lesion only in patients with myocardial infarction. Material and methods Patients with acute MI with the presence of at least two significant lesions in the IRA – (1) the target culprit lesion which required immediate stenting (> 50–100% stenosis) and (2) a second distal critical lesion (70–90%) – were included in the registry. Both lesions in the IRA were considered to be independent lesions requiring two separate stent platforms to be covered (no overlap). The decision on the treatment strategy of either complete (CR) or culprit-lesion-only (CLO) revascularization was at the discretion of the operator. Results There were altogether 95 patients enrolled in the registry, 63 (66%) in the group with CR of the IRA and 32 (34%) with CLO revascularization, which did not differ in terms of baseline demographics. In-hospital and long-term outcomes were similar between the groups. Stent thrombosis at 1 year occurred in 1.6% in CR and in 6.2% in CLO groups respectively (statistically not significant). There were no patients from the CLO group who had a planned percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the 2nd lesion in the IRA during 1-year observation. Conclusions At 1 year the clinical outcome was similar between those with complete and CLO PCI. Complete coverage of significant lesions did not increase the risk of stent thrombosis or need for repeated revascularization in long-term observation.
Synthesis and characterization of new nanocomposite CTAB@POM@TiO2 as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidative desulfurization of gas oil

Abstract Oxidative desulfurization of gas oil and model compounds that exist in gas oil with acetic acid/hydrogen peroxide using nanoparticle of [C16H33N(CH3)3]7H3[P2W18Cd4O68]@TiO2 as a nano scavenger has been studied. This sandwich-type nanoparticle was shown to be able to scavenge hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans in high yields. The addition of acetic acid enhanced the conversion. This system provides an efficient, convenient and practical method for scavenging sulfur compounds. The [C16H33N(CH3)3]7H3[P2W18Cd4O68]@TiO2 nanoparticle was synthesized by an unusual reaction with titanium tetraisopropoxide at 100 °C via sol–gel method under oil-bath condition. The materials characterized by 31P NMR, XRD, TEM, IR and UV–vis techniques.
Input and Output Privacy-Preserving Linear Regression

SUMMARY We build a privacy-preserving system of linear regression protecting both input data secrecy and output privacy . Our system achieves those goals simultaneously via a novel combination of homomorphic encryption and di ﬀ erential privacy dedicated to linear regression and its variants (ridge, LASSO). Our system is proved scalable over cloud servers, and its e ﬃ ciency is extensively checked by careful experiments.