Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS FOR A NANOFLUID PAST OVER A STRETCHING CIRCULAR CYLINDER WITH NON-UNIFORM HEAT SOURCE

The present paper deals with the analysis of boundary layer flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid over a stretching circular cylinder in the presence of non-uniform heat source/sink. The governing system of partial differential equations is converted to ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations, which are then solved numerically using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting technique. The solutions for the temperature and nanoparticle concentration distributions depend on six parameters, Prandtl number Pr, Lewis number Le, the Brownian motion parameter Nb, the thermophoresis parameter Nt, and non-uniform heat generation/absorption parameters A*, B*. Numerical results are presented both in tabular and graphical forms for , 10 Pr 7 . 0 ≤ ≤ , 30 1 ≤ ≤ Le , 5 . 0 1 . 0 ≤ ≤ Nb and 5 . 0 1 . 0 ≤ ≤ Nt illustrating the effects of these parameters on thermal and concentration boundary layers. The results reveal that increasing the value of non-uniform heat generation/absorption parameter leads to deterioration in heat transfer rates at the stretching cylinder wall. However, it is found that increasing the value of non-uniform heat generation/absorption parameters results in enhancement the reduced Sherwood number. Moreover, for fixed Pr and Le, the reduced Nusselt number decreases but the reduced Sherwood number increases as the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects become stronger.
HgCdTe infrared detector material: history, status and outlook

This article reviews the history, the present status and possible future developments of HgCdTe ternary alloy for infrared (IR) detector applications. HgCdTe IR detectors have been intensively developed since the first synthesis of this material in 1958. This article summarizes the fundamental properties of this versatile narrow gap semiconductor, and relates the material properties to its successful applications as an IR photoconductive and photovoltaic detector material. An emphasis is put on key developments in the crystal growth and their influence on device evolution. Competitive technologies to HgCdTe ternary alloy are also presented. Recent advances of backside illuminated HgCdTe heterojunction photodiodes have enabled a third generation of multispectral instruments for remote sensing applications and have led to the practicality of multiband IR focal plane array technology. Finally, evaluation of HgCdTe for room temperature long wavelength IR applications is presented.
Wien IEWT 2017 Seite 1 von 11 Disaggregation of household load profiles

The ongoing digitalization enables new opportunities for research concerning the energy sector. Smart meters are utilized to measure residential energy consumption. This temporally highly resolved data can be used for investigating the energy consumption behavior of households in detail. Based only on the data generated by smart meters, a method which identifies common household appliances is developed. In contrast to other approaches which gather this information via surveys or direct measurements, the presented procedure allows to analyze a large amount of households. The appliance’s existence and further details, like program duration, energy consumption per use and operation times are identified. Based on these results, the temporal behavior can be determined which allows conclusions about daily and seasonal characteristics. These findings enable detailed investigations of the Demand Side Management potential of households.
FUNGAL BIOTREATMENT OF OLIVE MILL WASTE WATER

The current study was aim to remediate olive mill waste water (OMWW) to reduce its phenol content and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) using fungal isolates. OMWW samples were drawn from the outlet of olive presser at Agriculture Research center, Egypt and characterized. Inoculating 25% diluted waste sample on Potato dextrose agar plates, incubated for 2 weeks at 25oC, resulted in 8 fungal isolates, of which isolate 5 was selected based on its capabilities to degrade phenol and reduce COD, compared to the rest of the obtained isolates. Comparison was conducted between the selected isolate and the fungus Pleurotus columbinus as a reference to test their potencies to degrade phenol and reduce COD in OMWW at concentrations from 100 to 10% over 4 weeks and results showed low degradability and weak tolerance of the two organisms at concentrations from 50 to 100%, while at 40, 30, 20 and 10%, phenol degradation and COD reduction over the 4 weeks treatment were more obvious. At all concentrations P. columbinus showed better competency for phenol degradation and COD reduction than isolate 5. Decolorization and growth of the two organisms were investigated in OMWW at 40 to 10% concentrations. P. columbinus, again, showed better competency over isolate 5 where it 79 and 49% of the color were removed after 4 weeks by P. columbinus and isolate 5, respectively. Total carbohydrate was also determined in the treated OMWW over 4 weeks and results showed it decreased from 6.05 to 5.2g/L in 40% OMWW and from 4.27 to 3.6 g/L in 30% OMWW, while it increased from 3.1 to 4.37g/L in 20% OMWW and from 1.46 to 3.9 g/L in 10% OMWW. Finally, the presence of indol acetic acid and gibberellins in 20 and 10% OMWW was tested as affect by the treatment with P. columbinus over the period of 4 weeks.Results showed that, after 4 weeks, IAA content decreased from 29.4 to 23.25 µg/ml in 20% OMWW, and slightly from 15.6 to 13,15 µg/ml in 10% OMWW. For gibberellins, the change after 4 weeks in 20% OMWW was not significant, that it decreased from 1.36 to 1.25mg, while it increased from 0.667 to 1.58 mg/ml in 10% waste in the same period. It can be concluded that remediating OMWW with P. columbinus can achieve a better results and the treated waste may be suitable for irrigation of crops.
Gender differences in perceptions and experiences of sexual harassment in the workplace

This paper examined gender differences in the perceptions and experiences of sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment has negative effects and is an obstacle to proper integration of women into the labour market. Gender was found to significantly correlate with experiences of sexual harassment, delineation of sexual harassment and the reactions and options adopted in handling it. There were disparities on the possible consequences of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment in the workplace results in an uncomfortable, hostile, offensive or intimidating work environment, which affects employee work morale and work performance. It also reduces job satisfaction and productivity but increases turnover, absenteeism and health challenges. Sexual harassment may never be totally removed in the workplace but all stakeholders stand to benefit from its reduced occurrences and the solutions to the challenge are not simple. However, employers can curb sexual harassment by establishing on boarding training as part of their initial orientation especially as it pertains to women in the work force, to affirm that sexual harassment is unacceptable. They can also issue tough policies opposed to it, educate employees on the subject; institute formal complaint procedures to address allegations of sexual harassments; and build cultures that disallow sexual harassment.
Self-Organization and Irreducibly Complex Systems: A Reply to Shanks and Joplin

Some biochemical systems require multiple, well-matched parts in order to function, and the removal of any of the parts eliminates the function. I have previously labeled such systems "irreducibly complex," and argued that they are stumbling blocks for Darwinian theory. Instead I proposed that they are best explained as the result of deliberate intelligent design. In a recent article Shanks and Joplin analyze and find wanting the use of irreducible complexity as a marker for intelligent design. Their primary counterexample is the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, a self-organizing system in which competing reaction pathways result in a chemical oscillator. In place of irreducible complexity they offer the idea of "redundant complexity," meaning that biochemical pathways overlap so that a loss of one or even several components can be accommodated without complete loss of function. Here I note that complexity is a quantitative property, so that conclusions we draw will be affected by how well-matched the components of a system are. I also show that not all biochemical systems are redundant. The origin of non-redundant systems requires a different explanation than redundant ones.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ON THE ORIGINS OF GENDER HUMAN CAPITAL GAPS: SHORT AND LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES OF TEACHERS’ STEREOTYPICAL BIASES

In this paper, we estimate the effect of primary school teachers’ gender biases on boys’ and girls’ academic achievements during middle and high school and on the choice of advanced level courses in math and sciences during high school. For identification, we rely on the random assignments of teachers and students to classes in primary schools. Our results suggest that teachers’ biases favoring boys have an asymmetric effect by gender— positive effect on boys’ achievements and negative effect on girls’. Such gender biases also impact students’ enrollment in advanced level math courses in high school—boys positively and girls negatively. These results suggest that teachers’ biased behavior at early stage of schooling have long run implications for occupational choices and earnings at adulthood, because enrollment in advanced courses in math and science in high school is a prerequisite for post-secondary schooling in engineering, computer science and so on. This impact is heterogeneous, being larger for children from families where the father is more educated than the mother and larger on girls from low socioeconomic background. Victor Lavy Department of Economics University of Warwick Coventry, CV4 7AL United Kingdom and Hebrew University of Jerusalem and also NBER v.lavy@warwick.ac. uk Edith Sand Eitan Berglas School of Economics Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978, ISRAEL edith.sand@boi.org. il An online appendix is available at: http://www.nber. org/data-appendix/w20909
Partial Mortality in Porites Corals: Variation among Philippine Reefs

Partial mortality or tissue necrosis was quantified in the massive scleractinian coral Porites at three sites in The Philippines (Bolinao, NW Luzon; Puerto Galera, Mindoro; and El Nido, N Palawan). Overall, 15 ± 1 (mean ± 1 standard error, 642 replicates) percent of colony area was dead, mean colony area was 1135 ± 127 cm 2 , and lesion density was 1.7 ± 0.1 dm ‐2 . Total live coral cover varied between 20 and 63% in belt transects, and Porites and Acropora cover were inversely correlated. ANOVA models incorporating effects of site, colony size, sedimentation rates, wave exposure and depth were highly significant but explained only a small proportion of the variation observed in lesion density and percent dead area (respectively 8 and 2%). Lesion density was found to vary significantly with site (contributed 29% to this explained variance), decrease with increasing colony area (33%), and increase with increasing sedimentation (23%) and wave exposure (14%). Colony size was significantly explained by the factor site (contributing 61% to the total 29% explained variance) and depth (34%), with the smallest colonies being observed in Bolinao and the largest in El Nido. Densities of lesions were highest in Bolinao, intermediate in Puerto Galera, and lowest in El Nido. This pattern is parallel to intensity of human reef exploitation and opposite to that in colony size, live coral cover and Acropora cover. Since only a small part of the observed variance in partial mortality estimators was explained by the ANOVAs, other factors not quantified here must have been more important (e.g. disease incidence, predation, human exploitation).
Reciprocal Effects Among Parental Homework Support, Effort, and Achievement? An Empirical Investigation

The present study investigates reciprocal influences of parental homework support, effort, and math achievement, using two waves of data from 336 9th-graders. Results revealed that higher prior autonomy-oriented support and homework effort resulted in higher subsequent achievement. Higher prior content-oriented support led to higher subsequent effort, but lower subsequent achievement. Additionally, higher prior effort led to higher subsequent autonomy-oriented support. Furthermore, our results supported the structural path invariance over gender. The current investigation advances extant research, by differentiating two forms of parental homework support (autonomy- and content-oriented support), and by showing their respective influences on subsequent homework effort and math achievement.
Modeling a SCIM for IMS Using a Converged Servlet Container

The composition of large systems from smaller building blocks is a common system design strategy. It makes the process of introducing changes to such systems more economi cal and also supports the rapid development of entirely new systems. This technique is now being applied in telecommunicat ion systems such as the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) whereby standards development organisations have been actively en couraging network operators to build telecommunication services from basic components. In order to coordinate the interacti ons that must occur in a multi-component service, an IMS node cal led the Service Capability Interaction Manager (SCIM) has been proposed. Though the SCIM is central to realising the benefit s of service decomposition, it has not yet been formally incorpo rated into the set of standards that constitute the IMS. This has left issues regarding the functional and structural architecture of the SCIM open to interpretation. This paper outlines the authors’ own interpretation of the architecture of the SCIM that stems from preliminary work initiated by the Third Generati on Partnership Project (3GPP) as well as contemporary proposa ls by researchers in the field. The development of a prototype is described that has been built using a servlet container th at supports the creation of converged SIP/HTTP applications.This investigation is part of a larger project aimed at providing an Extended IMS Service Layer (EISL) that is more conducive to the development and deployment of complex multimedia servi ces in an IMS environment.
The implications of customer and entrepreneurial orientations for SME growth 1

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Effect of surface carbonization on mechanical properties of LVL

The wood veneer from Monopetalanthus species was heated under different temperatures (120 °C, 160 °C, 200 °C, and 240 °C) and then laminated as the surface of laminated veneer lumber (LVL). Bending modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and impact toughness (IT) of the LVL were tested. The results showed that the failure location became scattered as the surface veneer carbonization temperature was increased and that the failure mode changed from split failure in the control and the 120 °C samples to crack failure in the 160 °C, 200 °C, and 240 °C samples under the bending load. Fiber tearing was visible in all five sample types, where the length of the tearing fibers became shorter with increased surface heating temperature under impact load. The carbonization temperature of surface veneer had a minimal effect on the MOE but a considerable effect on the MOR and IT, and the MOR mainly showed a downtrend. The IT loss decreased as the surface veneer carbonization temperature was increased.
AC Loss Modeling in Superconducting Coils and Motors With Parallel Tapes as Conductor

Many superconducting power applications contain REBa<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_2$</tex-math></inline-formula>Cu<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_3$</tex-math></inline-formula>O<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{7-x}$</tex-math></inline-formula> (or REBCO) coils, where RE stands for “rare earth. ” Superconducting motors are very interesting for mobile applications like aviation, thanks to their high power per unit weight. In order to reduce the inductance, multitape conductors are often used in windings but parallel tapes present coupling AC loss. In this article, we analyze the AC loss of single coils and a full stator of a motor made of windings of parallel tapes, taking several coupling situations into account. Our computer modeling method combines self-programmed and commercial finite-element methods to calculate the current density and AC loss. We found that isolating the tapes along the length provides almost the same AC loss reduction as that obtained by full transposition. This reveals that there are still many unexploited strategies to reduce the AC loss in multitape conductors.
A Diquark Interpretation of the Structure and Energies of Hadrons by

I present a simple phenomenological model which successfully organizes and classifies essentially all hadrons. The model is originally inspired from three simple theoretical indications including: treating baryons as a two body system with a diquark and quark connected by a flux tube, thereby indicating that they lie on Regge trajectories; allowing for independent combinations of diquark and quark to enumerate the observed trajectories; and that spin-flavor symmetric diquarks are more massive than their antisymmetric counterparts. With this framework essentially all hadrons can be consistently organized confirming the first three hypotheses and elucidating new ones, including: a universal slope or flux tube tension for both baryons and mesons implying the same color-charge at the flux tube ends, small spin forces external to diquarks, and the existence of tunneling effects. This framework and classification can then be used to estimate diquarks masses, and can be applied to exotic and cryptoexotic states. The model also make predictions for the existence of several particles and their energies; among them, tetraquark states. Finally, the arguments presented here naturally lead to many future projects in both experiment and theory. Thesis Supervisor: Frank Wilczek Title: Professor of Physics
Homogeneous dynamos and terrestrial magnetism

The main object of the paper is to discuss the possibility of a body of homogeneous fluid acting as a self-exciting dynamo. The discussion is for the most part confined to the solution of Maxwell’s equations for a sphere of electrically conducting fluid in which there are specified velocities. Solutions are obtained by expanding the velocity and the fields in spherical harmonics to give a set of simultaneous linear differential equations which are solved by numerical methods. Solutions exist when harmonics up to degree four are included. The convergence of the solutions when more harmonics are included is discussed, but convergence has not been proved. The simultaneous solution of Maxwell’s equations and the hydrodynamic equations has not been attempted, but a velocity system has been chosen that seems reasonable from a dynamical point of view. A parameter in the velocity system has been adjusted to satisfy the conservation of angular momentum in a rough way. Orders of magnitude are derived for a number of quantities connected with the dynamo theory of terrestrial magnetism. It is concluded that the dynamo theory does provide a self-consistent account of the origin of the earth’s magnetic field and raises no insuperable difficulties in other directions.
The Morning Rush Hour

Although it is obvious that commuting to work is stressful, it is not at all clear why this is so. This study examined the potential role of commute unpredictability in the stressfulness of the daily journey to work among a population of rail commuters. Men and women who perceived their commute to work as more unpredictable felt greater levels of stress and evidenced higher elevations of salivary cortisol. Expected differences in motivation in task performance did not occur. Limitations of these cross-sectional findings are discussed along with future research needs. The possible roles of commute predictability and stress in transportation mode choice are also delineated.
Evaluation of Novel N-(Dibenzylcarbamothioyl)benzamide Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents by Using DFT and Drug-Likeness Assessment

Isomers of monothioureas, 2a–2d, derived from the reaction of disubstituted benzoyl isothiocyanate and dibenzylamine were synthesised and characterised by using elementary analysis CHNS and IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies. The compounds were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity by using selected Gram-positive bacteria, and moderate inhibition activity was displayed for compound 2b with the value of inhibition zone 11 ± 0.8 mm at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. The outcomes of Lipinski’s rule of five assessment appeared to be in agreement with all compounds as they adhered to most of the rules, in which they can be preliminarily classified as active drug-like. The frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) for halogen-substituted 3,4-dichloro (2a) and 3,4-difluoro (2b) were also determined by applying the computational method of density functional theory (DFT) to determine their relationship as a molecular descriptor in antibacterial activities. The value of LUMO energy for compound 2b (1.8229 eV) is lower than that of compound 2a (1.8492 eV) which indicates higher antibacterial activities.
Rip spacing and persistence on an embayed beach

[1] Four years of daily time exposure images from an embayed beach were examined to study the spacing, persistence, and location preferences of rips in a natural rip channel system. A total of 5271 rip channels was observed on 782 days. Occurrence statistics showed no evidence of the preferred location pattern associated with standing edge waves trapped in an embayed beach. The histogram of rip spacing, the primary diagnostic observable for most models, was well modeled by a lognormal distribution (mean spacing of 178 m). However, spacings were highly longshore variable (time mean of the standard deviation/longshore mean of rip spacing was 39%), so they are of questionable merit as a diagnostic variable. Storm-driven resets to the longshore uniform condition required by most models occurred only four times per year on average, making rip generation models relevant to only a small fraction of the system behavior. Rip spacings after the 15 observed reset events were uncorrelated with bar crest distance. The lifetime of the 324 individual rip channel trajectories averaged 45.6 days. Rips were equally mobile in both longshore directions, but the coefficient of variation of rip migration rates was large, even for high migration rates. The mean migration rate was well correlated to a proxy for the longshore current (R2 of 0.78). Thus there is no significant evidence that the formation, spacing, and migration of rip channels on this beach can be explained by currently existing simple models. Moreover, the alongshore uniform initial conditions assumed by these models are rare on Palm Beach, making the models generally inapplicable.