Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical mapping of the Escherichia coli D-serine deaminase region: contiguity of the dsd structural and regulatory genes

The genes dsdA, dsdO, and dsdC have been located on a 3.0-kilobase pair (kb) fragment of the Escherichia coli chromosome by a combination of techniques. The loci were first cloned onto lambda and various plasmid vectors. dsd hybrid plasmids were then digested with restriction enzymes, and the fragments were recloned to test for the presence of dsdC or dsdA. In one case, a 4.2-kb restriction fragment containing the dsdA operon was used to form a heteroduplex with a well-defined lambda dsd deoxyribonucleic acid. The results show that dsdA, dsdO, and at least 0.6 kb of dsdC are present on this piece of deoxyribonucleic acid. On the basis of the mapping analysis and the molecular weight of D-serine deaminase, 1.9 kb of the 4.2-kb fragment is accounted for by the three dsd loci. We conclude that dsdO and dsdC are contiguous. A detailed dsd restriction map is presented.
Immunoglobulins against gp273, the ligand for sperm–egg interaction in the mollusc bivalve Unio elongatulus, are directed against charged O‐linked oligosaccharide chains bearing a Lewis‐like structure and interact with epitopes of the human zona pellucida

In oocytes of the mollusc bivalve Unio elongatulus, gp273 is the ligand molecule for sperm–egg interaction and binding is mediated by its O‐glycans. A serum raised against this protein enabled its localization in the crater region, the area of the vitelline coat where sperm recognition occurs, and showed that after cyanogen bromide fragmentation, the anti‐gp273 epitope(s) was retained by a peptide where the O‐glycans are localized. In this article, we utilized purified anti‐gp273 immunoglobulins to characterize the corresponding epitope by: (i) immunoblotting analysis of the protein after removal of O‐ and N‐glycans; (ii) solid phase binding analysis of anti‐gp273 IgG to gp273 N‐ and O‐glycans; and (iii) binding analysis of the same antibody to commercially available oligosaccharides. The results showed that the epitope consists of O‐glycans and contains a Lewis‐like structure with fucose as determinant. Anti‐gp273 IgG were then used to investigate human zona pellucida by immunoelectronmicroscopy and immunoblotting. Epitopes recognized by the antibody were demonstrated on the outer surface of the zona pellucida and shown to belong to a zona pellucida protein having electrophoretic mobility similar to human ZP3. Since human sperm specifically bind to gp273, and anti‐gp273 interferes with this binding a functional role for these epitopes is suggested. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 64: 226–234, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increased risk of mortality in AD patients with higher education?

To the Editor: We thank M.I. Geerlings et al.1 for their interest in our mortality study2 and the cognitive reserve model. We acknowledge that there are important differences between the cohort that we followed and the one followed by Geerlings et al. We used a referral approach that attempted to identify all prevalent cases in the community, including those in nursing homes. They specifically set out to assess noninstitutionalized elderly, and obtained them through general …
The Clinical Course of Chronic Periodontitis: V. Predictive Factors in Periodontal Disease

BACKGROUND The factors associated with initial periodontitis are not well understood and cannot be identified by cross-sectional studies. AIM To identify the factors associated with the initiation of chronic periodontitis using ante-dependence modelling. MATERIAL AND METHODS A 26-year longitudinal study of the natural history of periodontitis served as the basis for the study. In 1969, 565 Norwegian men aged 16-34 years were surveyed. Subsequent surveys were performed in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1988 and finally in 1995, with 223 remaining subjects. Plaque (PlI), gingival (GI) and calculus indices (CI) and loss of attachment (LoA) were recorded. Ante-dependence modelling using a Markov chain enabled the results of this sequence of examinations to be analysed longitudinally, taking into account serial dependence, describing temporal changes in patients' levels of disease and allowing for both progression and regression between disease categories. RESULTS With age, the rate of disease regression decreased. Increasing calculus accumulation and smoking increased the rate of disease progression, while increasing GI increased the rate of regression. CONCLUSIONS Increased mean CI and smoking were significant predictive covariates for progression, while increased mean GI and younger age predicted regression of initial periodontitis.
Condomless sex and HIV transmission among serodifferent couples: current evidence and recommendations

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a global pandemic. The primary driver of HIV incidence is sexual transmission between serodifferent individuals. Condoms, when used consistently and correctly, are effective at preventing sexually transmitted HIV infections and are considered an integral component of a comprehensive approach to HIV prevention. However, the demonstrated effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent HIV transmission, known as treatment as prevention and of pre-exposure prophylaxis, have raised an intriguing dilemma on the necessity and additive preventive benefit of condom use among individuals in serodifferent relationships utilizing these prevention strategies. Recent published evidence, although of limited follow-up duration, has shown no linked HIV transmissions with condomless sex among serodifferent couples where the infected partner was on ART and virologically suppressed. This paper will review the evidence surrounding HIV transmission risk among serodifferent couples with and without the use of condoms and will highlight factors that increase or attenuate this risk. It will also address the important benefits that condomless sex offers couples. This paper aims to provide a template for providers to have personalized discussions with their patients, particularly those with an HIV-positive sexual partner, around their individual risk of HIV transmission and the role of condom use.
Ocimum basilicum extract Ameliorate Lead-induced Testicular Apoptosis in rats

The present study examined the efficacy of Ocimum basilicum extract, a natural herb, with antioxidant properties, against testicular toxicity induced by Lead, which is one of the most important toxic heavy metals. The intoxicated rats showed decreased cell proliferation was reflected by a decrease in Ki-67 expression, whereas the increase in apoptotic rate was associated with a decrease in the Bcl/Bax ratio. Concomitant treatment with aqueous basil extract led to an improvement in histological, morphometrical and immunohistochemical changes induced by lead. The beneficial effects of basil extract could be attributed to its antioxidant properties.
Ab initio study of the annealing of vacancies and interstitials in cubic SiC: Vacancy-interstitial recombination and aggregation of carbon interstitials

The annealing kinetics of mobile intrinsic defects in cubic SiC is investigated by an ab initio method based on density-functional theory. The interstitial-vacancy recombination, the diffusion of vacancies, and interstitials to defect sinks ~e.g., surfaces or dislocations! as well as the formation of interstitial clusters are considered. The calculated migration and reaction barriers suggest a hierarchical ordering of competing annealing mechanisms. The higher mobility of carbon and silicon interstitials as compared to the vacancies drives the annealing mechanisms at lower temperatures including the vacancy-interstitial recombination and the formation of interstitial carbon clusters. These clusters act as a source of carbon interstials at elevated temperatures. In p-type material the transformation of the silicon vacancy into the more stable vacancy-antisite complex constitutes an annealing mechanism which is activated before the vacancy migration. Recent annealing studies of vacancyrelated centers in irradiated 3C-SiC and 4H-SiC and semi-insulating 4H-SiC are interpreted in terms of the proposed hierarchy of annealing mechanisms.
Comparison of intra-articular analgesics in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgeries: A randomized controlled trial

Background and Aims: Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is one of the most common knee surgeries done worldwide today. It involves immense pain at sites of graft harvest, tibial, and femoral tunnels, thereby delaying recovery and increased patient morbidity, and delayed rehabilitation. Various drugs and combination of drugs administered intra-articularly have been studied for analgesic efficacy. Our study gives an insight if there is any added advantage of additives morphine or clonidine to bupivacaine when compared to administering bupivacaine alone. Material and Methods: After obtaining the Institute Ethics Committee approval, ninety American Society of Anesthesiology I-II patients undergoing arthroscopic ACLR under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of three groups (Group B – bupivacaine alone 0.25%, Group BM – bupivacaine 0.25% with morphine 5 mg, Group BC – bupivacaine 0.25% with clonidine 150 mcg). At the end of procedure, 20 mL of the respective drug was administered intra-articularly and postoperative time duration to rescue analgesia, 24 h analgesic requirement, visual analog scale (VAS) score findings at rest and on movement were observed. Results: The mean duration of time to request for first rescue analgesia in minutes was significantly longer in Group BC 341.55 (103.66 SD) with P < 0.001. The VAS scores at that time point were least in Group BM 6.1 (1.7 SD), but not statistically significant. The 24 h analgesic consumption was least in Group B 2.24 (0.79 SD), but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Combination of bupivacaine and clonidine administered intra-articularly provided a longer duration of analgesia though the quality of analgesia was comparable between the three groups.
Twiddle-factor-based FFT algorithm with reduced memory access

In microprocessor-based systems, memory access is expensive due to longer latency and higher power consumption. In this paper, we present a novel FFT algorithm to reduce the frequency of memory access as well as multiplication operations. For an N-point FFT, we design the FFT with two distinct sections: (1) The first section of the FFT structure computes the butterflies involving twiddle factors WNj (j ≠ 0) through a computation/partitioning scheme similar to the Hoffman coding. In this section, all the butterflies sharing the same twiddle factor will be clustered and computed together. In this way, redundant memory access to load twiddle factors is avoided. (2) In the second section, the remaining (N - 1) butterflies involving the twiddle factor WN0 are computed with a register-based breadth first tree traversal algorithm. This novel twiddle factor-based FFT is tested on the TIT MS320C62x digital signal processor. The results show that, for a 32-point FFT, the new algorithm leads to as much as 20% reduction in clock cycles and an average of 30% reduction in memory access than that of the conventional DIF FFT.
Complex User Behavioral Networks at Enterprise Information Systems

We analyze human behavior on a large-scale enterprise information system. Employing a novel framework that efficiently captures complex spatiotemporal dimensions of human dynamics in electronic spaces we present vital findings about knowledge workers’ behavior on enterprise intranet portal. Browsing behavior of knowledge workers resembles a complex network with significant concentration on navigational starters. Common browsing strategy utilizes the knowledge of the starting navigation point and recollection of the traversal pathway to the target. Complex traversal network topology has a small number of behavioral hubs concentrating and disseminating the browsing pathways. Human browsing network topology, however, does not match the link topology of the web environment. Knowledge workers generally underutilize the available resources, have focused interests, and exhibit diminutive exploratory behavior.
Bright lines and edges facilitate the detection of small light targets.

Thresholds for the detection of a small light target (increment thresholds), measured at the ends of white lines and small luminance edges, are lower than when the target is presented on a plain field. This facilitation effect disappears when: (1) the line-end is 'stopped' by another line with perpendicular orientation; (2) the inducing line is black instead of white; and (3) when the inducer does not carry information about orientation (e.g., a small dot). These observations suggest that polarity specific and orientation selective neural activation, extending collinearly from the inducing lines and edges, produces a local increase in visual sensitivity. The possible role of such a mechanism in contour completion and the formation of illusory contours is discussed.
Listeria phage A511, a model for the contractile tail machineries of SPO1‐related bacteriophages

Recognition of the bacterial host and attachment to its surface are two critical steps in phage infection. Here we report the identification of Gp108 as the host receptor‐binding protein of the broad host‐range, virulent Listeria phage A511. The ligands for Gp108 were found to be N‐acetylglucosamine and rhamnose substituents of the wall teichoic acids of the bacterial cell wall. Transmission electron microscopy and immunogold‐labelling allowed us to create a model of the A511 baseplate in which Gp108 forms emanating short tail fibres. Data obtained for related phages, such as Staphylococcus phages ISP and Twort, demonstrate the evolutionary conservation of baseplate components and receptor‐binding proteins within the Spounavirinae subfamily, and contractile tail machineries in general. Our data reveal key elements in the infection process of large phages infecting Gram‐positive bacteria and generate insights into the complex adsorption process of phage A511 to its bacterial host.
Flow-based programming

Various approaches to structuring applications based on the concept of multiple asynchronous processes communicating via streams of data have appeared over the years in the data processing literature, and actually this concept seems to get rediscovered independently on a regular basis, both by academics and by developers of business applications and software. In spite of this, it still has not caught on widely in our business "where the rubber meets the road", for a variety of technical, psychological and social reasons. However, one system of this type has been in use in one of the biggest companies in Canada, supporting the batch processing portion of their most complex and most critical application, for the last 20 years. During this time, this application has been changing and adapting to new hardware, new software, and new business requirements, so it is clearly very robust, and it also performs well enough to support the data volumes required by one of Canada's largest corporations. During this time, although the application has changed drastically, the basic infrastructure has remained the same. Many of its basic concepts have been in the public domain since 1978, described in detail in a paper that listed many of its advantages and gave a very explicit description of how to build such a system. Unfortunately, I believe it was far ahead of its time, and, as far as I can tell, its effect on our industry as a whole was negligible. I believe that it can revolutionize our industry, and I am hoping that in the next few years some of this potential will be realized.
Searching for and finding meaning following personal and collective traumas.

doI: 10.1037/14040-012 The Psychology of Meaning, Keith d. Markman, travis proulx, and Matthew J. lindberg (editors) copyright © 2013 by the american psychological association. all rights reserved. adversity is common. Most individuals will experience a personal tragedy in their lifetimes, whether it is a sudden unexpected loss, traumatic injury, or life-threatening illness (seery, Holman, & silver, 2010). Many will experience an undesirable life event in any given year (norris, 1992). sometimes an entire community will be exposed to a natural or technological disaster, school shooting, or terrorist attack, although those directly affected often seem to be selected at random, and others appear to be spared at random (cf. Wayment, silver, & Kemeny, 1995). these collective traumatic events become a shared experience among many victims. Both personally experienced and collective traumas are often sudden, unexpected, and unpredictable. Because of these features, they have the potential to challenge people’s expectations about living in an orderly, understandable, meaningful world (Janoff-Bulman, 1992; park & folkman, 1997). Indeed, some have argued that what makes traumatic events so distressing is that they violate many of the basic assumptions people have about 12
A prospective study of cigarette smoking and age-related macular degeneration in women.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among women. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with 12 years of follow-up (1980 to 1992), in which information on smoking habits was updated every 2 years. SETTING Eleven states throughout the United States. PARTICIPANTS A total of 31 843 registered nurses enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study who were aged 50 to 59 years in 1980 and did not report a diagnosis of cancer or AMD at the beginning of the study. Additional women entered the analytic cohort as they reached 50 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incidence of AMD with visual loss. RESULTS During 556 338 person-years of follow-up, 215 women were newly diagnosed as having AMD. After adjusting for other risk factors for AMD, women who currently smoked 25 or more cigarettes per day had a relative risk (RR) of AMD of 2.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-4.0) compared with women who never smoked. Past smokers of this amount also had a 2-fold increased risk (RR=2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.4) relative to never smokers. Compared with current smokers, little reduction in risk was suggested even after quitting smoking for 15 or more years. Risk of AMD also increased with an increasing number of pack-years smoked (P for trend <.001); among women who smoked for 65 or more pack-years, the risk was 2.4 times the risk of never smokers (95% CI, 1.5-3.8). Analyses of dry and exudative types of AMD and other alternative definitions of AMD revealed similar results. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking is an independent and avoidable risk factor for AMD among women. Because AMD is the most common cause of severe visual impairment among the elderly and treatment is not available or is ineffective for most patients, reducing the risk of this disease is another important reason to avoid smoking.
Object Data Management: Object-Oriented and Extended Relational Database Systems (Revised Edition)

(All chapters, excepts Chapters 1 and 8, begin with an Introduction.) Preface. 1. Introduction. Need for Object Data Management. Data Models and Database Architectures. Object Data Management Concepts. 2. Advanced Database Applications. Software Engineering. Mechanical and Electrical Design. Documents and Office Applications. Other Applications. Conclusions. 3. Traditional Database Systems. Database Concepts. Relational Databases. Query Languages. Storing Relations. Access Methods. Query Processing. Concurrency and Recovery. Distributed Databases. Application Tools. Performance. Summary. 4. Object Data Management Concepts. Objects. Relationships. Composite Objects. Procedures. Types and Inheritance. Query and Programming Languages. Persistence, Concurrency, and Recovery. Other Topics. Summary. 5. Implementation Issues. Object Storage. Relationships. Composite Objects and Clustering. Procedures and Programming Languages. Object Types. Query Processing. Concurrency and Recovery. Distribution. Performance. Summary. 6. Future Database Systems. ODMG. ODMG C++. SQL3. Other Standards Activities. Summary. 7. Goals for Object Data Management. Database Functionality. Objects and Properties. Type System. Programming and Query Languages. Database Architecture. Other Issues. Summary. 8. Conclusions. Needs for Object Data Management. Object Data Management Approaches. Future Directions. Summary. Appendix: Products and Prototypes. Introduction. Object-Oriented Database Systems. Extended Relational Database Systems. Extended Functional and Semantic Database Systems. Database System Generators. Object Managers. Summary. System Bibliography. Annotated Bibliography. Index. 0201547481T04062001
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition promotes carbon loss from peat bogs

Peat bogs have historically represented exceptional carbon (C) sinks because of their extremely low decomposition rates and consequent accumulation of plant remnants as peat. Among the factors favoring that peat accumulation, a major role is played by the chemical quality of plant litter itself, which is poor in nutrients and characterized by polyphenols with a strong inhibitory effect on microbial breakdown. Because bogs receive their nutrient supply solely from atmospheric deposition, the global increase of atmospheric nitrogen (N) inputs as a consequence of human activities could potentially alter the litter chemistry with important, but still unknown, effects on their C balance. Here we present data showing the decomposition rates of recently formed litter peat samples collected in nine European countries under a natural gradient of atmospheric N deposition from ≈0.2 to 2 g·m−2·yr−1. We found that enhanced decomposition rates for material accumulated under higher atmospheric N supplies resulted in higher carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and dissolved organic carbon release. The increased N availability favored microbial decomposition (i) by removing N constraints on microbial metabolism and (ii) through a chemical amelioration of litter peat quality with a positive feedback on microbial enzymatic activity. Although some uncertainty remains about whether decay-resistant Sphagnum will continue to dominate litter peat, our data indicate that, even without such changes, increased N deposition poses a serious risk to our valuable peatland C sinks.
Dual‐specificity tyrosine‐regulated kinase 2 is a suppressor and potential prognostic marker for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is a common cancer and a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The liver is a dominant metastatic site for patients with colorectal cancer. Molecular mechanisms that allow colorectal cancer cells to form liver metastases are largely unknown. Activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition is the key step for metastasis of cancer cells. We recently reported that dual‐specificity tyrosine‐regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) controls epithelial–mesenchymal transition in breast cancer and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study is to clarify whether DYRK2 regulates liver metastases of colorectal cancer. We show that the ability of cell invasion and migration was abrogated in DYRK2‐overexpressing cells. In an in vivo xenograft model, liver metastatic lesions were markedly diminished by ectopic expression of DYRK2. Furthermore, we found that patients whose liver metastases expressed low DYRK2 levels had significantly worse overall and disease‐free survival. Given the findings that DYRK2 regulates cancer cell metastasis, we concluded that the expression status of DYRK2 could be a predictive marker for liver metastases of colorectal cancer.