Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activity Theory Applied to the Desktop Metaphor

Although the desktop metaphor is still the de facto in desktop computing, many problems and limitations have been recognized over the years. These problems and limitations constrain users in how they interact with information and services. Although there are many novel approaches that try to solve these problems and limitations, no valid alternative for mainstream usage has yet been presented. Furthermore, some of these problems and limitations are caused by the theoretical foundation of the desktop metaphor, namely cognitive psychology. In this thesis, we propose to reframe the desktop metaphor by using activity theory. Activity theory is a descriptive framework that rejects the human processor loop and redenes human activity in a broader context by including cultural, historical and social factors. Based on the principles of activity theory, a set of guidelines were deducted that are used to support our proposal for the reframe of the desktop metaphor, co-Activity Manager. co-Activity Manager is a Windows based window manager that allows users to reorganize applications, resources and services in an activity-based approach.
RISK FACTORS FOR MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN AND HIV INCIDENCE IN BUKIT TINGGI CITY 
INDONESIA

Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) generally cause new HIV infections as much as 12% in the world in 2015. In Bukittinggi city the findings of new cases of HIV in 2017 were 74 people and among them 40 MSM had risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for HIV in MSM in the City of Bukittinggi. The design of this study is analytic with a case control approach. The study was conducted on July 23- August 15 2018 in the City of Bukittinggi. With a sample size of 60 people with a ratio of 1: 2, namely 20 case groups and 40 control groups and Snow Ball Sampling technique. Data analysis used is both univariate, bivariate analysis. The high-risk factors behind HIV infection happens due to premature age (46.7%), low education level (90%), unemployment (35%), low income (48.3%) and of course marriage (8.3%). There is a relationship between age, work and income with HIV infection in MSM. Age, occupation and income are risk factors for HIV incidence in MSM in the City of Bukittinggi.
Effects of Androgens in the Onset and Magnitude of Salt- Induced Hypertension in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

xxvii 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM . 7 1.2 AIM OF THE STUDY . 8 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY . 8 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY . 9 1.5 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS . 10 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 12 9 2.1.0 Gender Gap in Life Span . 12 2.2.0 Gender Differences in Cardiovascular Diseases . 17 2.3.0 Hypertension . 23 2.3.1.0 High salt diet and blood pressure . 26 2.3.1.1 Sexual differences in salt sensitivity . 28 2.3. 2.0 Oxidative stress and hypertension . 29 2.3. 2.1 High salt diet and Oxidative stress . 33 2.3. 2.2 Sex differences in oxidative stress . 34 2.3. 3.0 The kidney and blood pressure regulation . 35 2.3. 3.1 Sexual dimorphism in renal regulation of blood pressure . 38 2.4. 0 Vascular Biology . 38 2.4. 1.0 Vascular endothelium . 40 2.4. 1.1 Nitric oxide (NO) . 41 2.4. 1.2 Prostanoids . 43 2.4. 1.3 Endothelium Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor (EDHF) . 44 2.4. 2 Vascular smooth muscle . 47 2.4. 2.1 Contraction . 47
Daily Positive Experiences and Health: Biobehavioral Pathways and Resilience to Daily Stress

Positive emotions and minor positive events are more likely to occur in people’s daily lives than negative emotions and stressors. This chapter provides an overview of theoretical perspectives and previous research linking positive experiences with stress and health. A conceptual framework is proposed that describes constructs within the realm of “daily positive experiences. ” The framework posits that daily positive experiences contribute to health through biological, behavioral, and stress-buffering pathways. The sociodemographic patterning of daily positive experiences by age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status is described. Multidisciplinary work is presented linking between-person differences and within-person (day-to-day) variations in daily positive experiences to stressor reactivity, inflammation, and diurnal cortisol rhythms. The chapter concludes with a discussion of unanswered questions and key areas for future discovery and innovation. The study of everyday positive experiences provides insights into health and well-being that go beyond what can be learned from focusing solely on negative experiences.
Signal Transduction Pathways of Acupuncture for Treating Some Nervous System Diseases

In this article, we review signal transduction pathways through which acupuncture treats nervous system diseases. We electronically searched the databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, clinical Key, the Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their inception to December 2018 using the following MeSH headings and keywords alone or in varied combination: acupuncture, molecular, signal transduction, genetic, cerebral ischemic injury, cerebral hemorrhagic injury, stroke, epilepsy, seizure, depression, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease. Acupuncture treats nervous system diseases by increasing the brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and involves multiple signal pathways, including p38 MAPKs, Raf/MAPK/ERK 1/2, TLR4/ERK, PI3K/AKT, AC/cAMP/PKA, ASK1-JNK/p38, and downstream CREB, JNK, m-TOR, NF-κB, and Bcl-2/Bax balance. Acupuncture affects synaptic plasticity, causes an increase in neurotrophic factors, and results in neuroprotection, cell proliferation, antiapoptosis, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation, and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.
Costs of sequential multiple myeloma treatment for elderly transplant-ineligible patients in the Serbian health care system

Introduction. Multiple myeloma is an incurable plasma-cell pro? liferation mainly affecting the elderly population. The aim of this study was to analyze treatment patterns, utilization of health resources and treatment costs of multiple myeloma in the elderly patients ineligible for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Serbia. Material and Methods. The analysis of the health? care costs, from the perspective of the Serbian healthcare system, took into account the costs of medications, diagnostic procedures, inpatient and outpatient care, as well as the costs of drug administration and management of drug adverse effects. Results. Thalidomide based regimens were less costly than bortezomib-based regimens (average per-protocol costs 6,000 ? vs. 64,700 ? , respectively). The most expensive treatment regimen was lenalidomide-dexamethasone (average per-protocol costs 145,200 ? ). The sequential (four-line therapy) treatment costs varied from 85,800 ? , starting with melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide to 153,800 ? , starting with melphalan-prednisone-bortezomib. The estimated costs did not significantly differ during variation of the parameters in the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion. The costs of multiple myeloma treatment in the Republic of Serbia are mainly driven by the cost of antimyeloma drugs. The most expensive treatment sequence was starting with melpha1an-prednisone-bortezomib treatment protocol.
Frequent sickness absence, a signal to take action: a signal to take action

Frequent sickness absence, i.e. 3 or more sickness absence spells per year, has a prevalence of 6% in Dutch employees. We found that frequent absentees reported a lower work ability than employees with less sickness absence. Frequent absentees reported especially a lower ability to cope with job demands and experienced work impairment due to disease. According to frequent absentees, causes of frequent sickness absence are: high work and home demands, low job resources, poor health, chronic illness, unhealthy lifestyle, and diminished feeling of responsibility to attend work in case of low job resources, particularly when support from management is low. Addressing these factors and improving their own communication and communication skills were seen as measures to reduce frequent sickness absence. As frequent sickness absence also often predicts both future frequent and future long-term sickness absence, frequent sickness absence could be regarded as a signal to take action. A new e-health intervention was not effective as a stand-alone tool to reduce sickness absence among frequent absentees. This intervention could not be tested in combination with consultation with an occupational physician, as very few participants visited the occupational physician. For the prevention of future sickness absence it is important that frequent absentees and their employers become aware of frequent sickness absence and the risk of future sickness absence. Appropriate actions by the employer and/or the employee should follow.
Reference Values for the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile in Spain.

IMPORTANCE In Spain, only one culturally adapted assessment tool is available for children between ages 3 and 11 yr. There are no assessments of adolescent and adult sensory processing, and no normative data. OBJECTIVE To obtain reference values for the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) in Spain for adolescents (aged 11-17) and adults (aged 18-64 and ≥65). DESIGN A multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare specific mean values (-2, -1, +1, and +2 standard deviation [SD]) by age group, gender, geographic area, education level, and employment status. PARTICIPANTS We randomly recruited 787 participants (55.8% female) aged 11 yr or older (mean age = 32.1, SD = 21.1) in Spain. We excluded those with a diagnosis of depression, chronic disease (e.g., diabetes, cancer, neurological disease), or cognitive disability and those who used medication that could affect the central nervous system. RESULTS Quadrant mean (SD) scores ranged from 29.3 (6.6) for low registration to 49.1 (8.3) for sensory seeking, with significant differences by age group (p < .001) in all quadrants. Significant differences were also found for scores in different quadrants by gender, geographic area, education level, and employment status. Although statistically significant, the differences between scores were not clinically relevant; the mean scores fell within the typical range for sensory processing. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE We offer reference values for the cultural adaptation to Spain of the AASP and recommend its use for the typically developing Spanish population ages 11 and older. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS We provide normative data for the AASP for three age groups of the Spanish population: adolescents, adults, and older adults.
Analysis of Changes in Corneal Topography after 27-Gauge Transconjunctival Microincision Vitrectomy Combined with Cataract Surgery

Purpose To investigate changes in the corneal shape before and after vitrectomy, over a period of time, using a 27-gauge system. Methods Forty-five eyes underwent a combination of cataract surgery and vitrectomy. The surgeries were performed using a 27-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy system, in which the corneal topography could be performed up to three months after the surgery. The surgeries were performed for an epiretinal membrane in 11 eyes, a macular hole in 14 eyes, and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 20 eyes. All of the surgeries were performed by the same surgeon, and in all cases, a 4-port 27-gauge vitrectomy device was used. Cataract surgery in all patients was performed with a 2.4 mm corneoscleral incision at 11 o'clock. The surgeries were performed without suturing the operative wound in all cases. Corneal topography was performed using a TMS-4 topographer (Tomey Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The examinations were performed the day before and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgery. The results of corneal topography for the spherical, regular astigmatic, asymmetric, and high-order irregular astigmatic components were compared before and after surgery. Results No significant differences were seen in any of the components in the epiretinal membrane group, but significant differences were seen in the asymmetric components and the high-order irregular astigmatic components between the macular hole and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in intraocular pressure on any measurement time in the postoperative period compared to preoperative intraocular pressure. Conclusion Irregular astigmatism was seen after surgery when 27-gauge vitrectomy with a 4-port system was performed together with cataract surgery with a 2.4 mm incision.
Representation, homophily, and polarization in the U.S. House of representatives in the twitter era

By collecting and analyzing more than two million tweets, U.S. House Representatives’ voting records in 111th and 113th Congress, and data from other resources I study several aspects of adoption and use of Twitter by Representatives. In the first chapter, I study the overall impact of Twitter use by Representatives on their political orientation and their political alignment with their constituents. The findings show that Representatives who adopted Twitter moved closer to their constituents in terms of political orientation. By using supervised machine learning and text mining techniques, I shift the focus to synthesizing the actual content shared by Representatives on Twitter to evaluate their effects on Representatives’ political polarization in the second chapter. I found support for the effects of repeated expressions and peer influence in Representatives’ political polarization. Last but not least, by employing a recently developed dynamic network model (separable temporal exponential-family random graph model), I study the effects of homophily on formation and dissolution of Representatives’ Twitter communications in the third chapter. The results signal the presence of demographic homophily and value homophily in Representatives’ Twitter communications networks. These three studies altogether provide a complete picture about the overall consequences and dynamics of use of OSN platforms by Representatives.
Social media captures demographic and regional physical activity

Objectives We examined the use of data from social media for surveillance of physical activity prevalence in the USA. Methods We obtained data from the social media site Twitter from April 2015 to March 2016. The data consisted of 1 382 284 geotagged physical activity tweets from 481 146 users (55.7% men and 44.3% women) in more than 2900 counties. We applied machine learning and statistical modelling to demonstrate sex and regional variations in preferred exercises, and assessed the association between reports of physical activity on Twitter and population-level inactivity prevalence from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results The association between physical inactivity tweet patterns and physical activity prevalence varied by sex and region. Walking was the most popular physical activity for both men and women across all regions (15.94% (95% CI 15.85% to 16.02%) and 18.74% (95% CI 18.64% to 18.88%) of tweets, respectively). Men and women mentioned performing gym-based activities at approximately the same rates (4.68% (95% CI 4.63% to 4.72%) and 4.13% (95% CI 4.08% to 4.18%) of tweets, respectively). CrossFit was most popular among men (14.91% (95% CI 14.52% to 15.31%)) among gym-based tweets, whereas yoga was most popular among women (26.66% (95% CI 26.03% to 27.19%)). Men mentioned engaging in higher intensity activities than women. Overall, counties with higher physical activity tweets also had lower leisure-time physical inactivity prevalence for both sexes. Conclusions The regional-specific and sex-specific activity patterns captured on Twitter may allow public health officials to identify changes in health behaviours at small geographical scales and to design interventions best suited for specific populations.
Clinical and Radiological Evaluation of Subscapular Suture Integrity in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty

Objective The aim was to establish a correlation between the integrity of a suture made in the subscapular tendon (SST), as assessed by an ultrasound examination, and its functionality, as assessed by clinical tests during the postoperative period following reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). A secondary goal is to evaluate the presence and viability of the sutured SST. Methods This is a retrospective study of 18 RSA patients in whom the SST was repositioned to the anterior face of the humeral osteotomy. The median time of the postoperative evaluation was 31 months. The clinical evaluation consisted of the Gerber lift-off test, the internal rotation (IR) lag sign test, and the abdominal compression test, as well as forward flexion (FF), external rotation (ER), and IR. All patients underwent shoulder ultrasounds to evaluate the SST presence and viability. Results The SST was visualized in 13 patients (72.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 51.5–92.9). Of these 13 patients, the SST presented an altered fibrillar pattern in 5 patients (38.4%; 95% CI, 12.0–64.9) and was considered nonviable. There were no associations between SST viability and a positive Gerber’s lift-off test (P = .480), a positive IR lag sign test (P = .480), or a positive abdominal compression test (P = .618). There were no significant differences in FF (P = .104), ER (P = .196), or IR (P = .374) mobility between patients with viable SSTs and those without viable SSTs. Conclusion It was not possible to demonstrate a correlation between the integrity of the SST repair based on the ultrasound and its functionality as assessed by clinical tests in the postoperative period following an RSA. The SST repair has a high failure rate, as demonstrated by the high incidence of nonviable or absent tendons.
Estudos Sobre Gravidez na Adolescência: a Constatação de um Problema Social

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um breve panorama dos estudos relevantes sobre a gravidez na adolescencia realizados no Brasil e no mundo por meio de uma pesquisa bibliografica englobando artigos cientificos, dissertacoes de mestrado e teses de doutorado abordando esse tema. Os resultados apontaram que apesar da existencia de varios estudos no assunto, muito ainda precisa ser realizado no intuito de minimizar ou superar esse problema, considerando o fato de que gravidez na adolescencia nao e problema de uma regiao particular, mas pertence a sociedade de todo o mundo. Nos trabalhos apresentados, tanto no Brasil quanto no exterior, verificou-se uma diversidade de possiveis fatores que causam ou que resultam da gravidez na adolescencia abrangendo aspectos sociais, psicologicos, educacionais ate clinicos.
TAPPING APPLICATION REDUCES PAIN INTENSITY AND INCREASES RANGE OF MOTION ON UPPER TRAPEZIUS MYOFASCIAL TRIGGER POINTS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Purpose: This study was designed to inspect the effects of kinesiotape (KT) on pain intensity and range of motion at upper trapezius myofascial trigger points. Methods: pre and post randomized clinical designed on forty subjects with active trigger points. They divided randomly into two equal groups. Group "A" received KT for 72 hours while group "B" (control group) didn’t receive any treatment but follow instructions. Pain intensity and range of motion were measured before and after completion of treatment. Results: Statistical analysis (t-test) shown that there was a significant difference at pain intensity and range of motion at group "A" as (p<0.05) but there was no significant difference at pain intensity and range of motion at group "B" as (p˃ 0.05). Conclusion: KT is an effective method in treatment of subjects with active trigger points at upper trapezius myofascial trigger points.
Comparison of dexmedetomidine with propofol as sedatives for pediatric patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis

Dexmedetomidine and propofol are commonly used sedative agents in pediatric patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The present meta-analysis aimed to compare dexmedetomidine with propofol in pediatric patients undergoing MRI using trial sequential analysis (TSA). The PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Knowledge databases were systematically searched for entries up to August 2018 for potential randomized controlled trials comparing dexmedetomidine with propofol in pediatric patients undergoing MRI. Data were extracted by two independent authors and analyzed using Revman version 5.2 software. Six trials involving 415 pediatric patients were included in the final analysis. A shorter recovery time (P<0.01) and onset time of sedation were identified for propofol compared with dexmedetomidine (P<0.01); however, there were no significant differences in the duration of sedation (P=0.37). Furthermore, pediatric patients receiving propofol were discharged sooner than those receiving dexmedetomidine (P=0.02). The incidence of failed sedation did not significantly differ between the two groups (P=0.81). Propofol induced a lower incidence of 5-min (P=0.03) and 10-min Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (P<0.01), but a higher incidence of desaturation (P<0.01). The duration of MRI was similar between the two groups (P=0.15). TSA indicated that the monitoring boundary was crossed by the cumulative z curve, providing supportive evidence for the shorter recovery time in the propofol group. Propofol is recommended for pediatric sedation during MRI, owing to shorter recovery time and onset of sedation time, as well as a faster discharge from hospital, and a lower incidence of PAED score >10, compared with dexmedetomidine. However, considering the possibility of desaturation, propofol should be used with caution.
Patient (pt) experiences with avelumab in treatment-naive metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (mMCC): Qualitative interview findings from a registrational clinical trial.

90 Background: MCC is a rare, aggressive skin cancer with a poor prognosis. Avelumab is the only anti–PD-L1 monoclonal antibody approved for treatment of mMCC. This qualitative research embedded in a clinical trial aimed to explore pt experiences on treatment with avelumab. Methods: All treatment-naive pts with mMCC entering the registrational, open-label, multicenter trial to investigate the clinical activity and safety of avelumab were invited to participate in optional, semistructured, 30-min phone interviews at baseline (prior to study drug administration) and at weeks 13 and 25. Interviews were conducted by trained professionals, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a qualitative software package, ATLAS.ti V7. Key concepts identified from the baseline interview for each pt were assessed during follow-up interviews. Results: A total of 29 pts (mean age, 71 y; 76% male) completed the baseline interview; 19 pts (6 in USA, 4 in France, 5 in Italy, 3 in Germany, 1 in Australia) had ≥1 follow-up interview. The baseline interviews revealed the negative psychological burden on pts living with a symptomless disease and the hope for avelumab to be a successful therapy. Over the course of the trial, most pts reported an increased or continued sense of hope and willingness to fight MCC. Pts who self-reported their disease to be improved (n=12) also reported being stable or experiencing improvements in their ability to do their daily activities and in their physical well-being and having more energy than before starting avelumab. They also reported worrying less and being optimistic. Six pts among the 7 who reported their condition as stable (n=4) or worsened (n=3) reported a worsening of their physical well-being. Nine pts reported fatigue/tiredness on the day of and the day after receiving the avelumab infusion. The reported baseline and longitudinal experiences were similar across pts from all countries. Conclusions: This qualitative study alongside a registrational trial showed that pts experienced perceptible benefits in their physical and psychological well-being following treatment success with avelumab in mMCC. Clinical trial information: NCT02155647 part B.