Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Brain Shift Related to Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery can significantly improve the quality of life for patients suffering from movement disorders, but the success of the procedure depends on the implantation accuracy of the DBS electrode array. Pre-operative surgical planning and navigation are based on the assumption that the brain tissue is rigid between the time of the acquisition of the pre-operative image set and the time of surgery. A shift of deep brain structures by only a few millimeters can potentially increase the number of required microelectrode and/or macroelectrode tracks and decrease implantation accuracy. We studied 25 subjects that underwent DBS surgery and analyzed brain shift between pre-operative and post-operative 3D MRI scans. Brain shift of up to 4 mm was observed in deep brain structures. On average, the recorded shift was in the direction of gravity, with deeper structures experiencing smaller shift than more superficial structures. The main conclusion of the study is that the brain shift is comparable to the size of the targets in deep brain stimulation surgery and should not be ignored. Techniques that minimize the amount of brain shift may therefore lead to increased accuracy of DBS lead implantation.
Mujer inmigrante y mercado laboral en el País Vasco: un acceso precario al empleo

Este articulo tiene como objetivo conocer la situacion de la mujer inmigrante en el mercado laboral en la Comunidad Autonoma de Euskadi. En concreto, se analiza su situacion laboral: sectores en los que trabaja, problemas habituales, grado de satisfaccion y la situacion de las mujeres inmigrantes desempleadas. Para ello, se analiza la informacion que ofrece la Encuesta de la Poblacion Inmigrante en Euskadi (EPIE 2010) referida al ambito laboral, asi como el estudio Mujer inmigrante en la CAPV 2010, realizado por Ikuspegi-Observatorio Vasco de la Inmigracion. Este estudio pone de manifiesto como emerge un modelo en el que la insercion laboral precaria de la mujer inmigrante en el sector de las tareas domesticas y los cuidados personales va a ser uno de los ejes para el mantenimiento de las cotas de bienestar actual de la poblacion autoctona
[Metabolites of R, S-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-[3-(naphtha-1-yl-oxy)-2-hydroxypropyl]-piperazin in rat plasma].

AIM To study the metabolites of R, S-1-(2-methoxypheyl)-4-[3-(naphthal-yl-oxy)-2-hydroxypropyl] -piperazine, (naftopidil, NAF), a novel antihypertensive drug in rat plasma. METHODS The rat plasma samples were analyzed by LC/MS after oral administration of NAF. According to MS relativity of metabolites and parent compound (NAF) and metabolic rule of compound with similar structure, the structure of potential metabolites were postulated. Phase I metabolites were identified by HPLC/MS and by comparison with authentic standards, phase II conjugates were indirectly identified with beta-D-glucuronidase in presence or absence of glucuronidase selective inhibitor D-saccharric acid beta-1,4-Lactone. RESULTS Phase I metabolites desmethyl-naftopidil (DMN), (phenyl) hydroxynaftopidil (PHN), (naphthyl) -hydroxy-naftopidil (NHN) were separated and identified in rat plasma by comparison with reference substances, phase II conjugates, NAF and NHN glucuronide conjugates were separated and tentatively identified by hydrolysis with glucuronidase, the aglycones, NAF and NHN, were identified in rat plasma. CONCLUSION The major metabolic pathway of NAF in rat plasma should be the hydroxylation of the phenyl or nephthyl moiety of NAF and demethylation of NAF. Therefore, (naphthyl) hydroxyl-metabolite and NAF followed by conjugation with beta-glueuronic acid.
Cultural differences in intimacy: The influence of gender-role ideology and individualism—collectivism

Two studies examined emotional intimacy in European Canadian and Chinese Canadian dating relationships. Cultural differences in gender-role ideology and individualism—collectivism were hypothesized to differentially contribute to self-disclosure and responsiveness, and in turn, intimacy. Study 1 revealed that Chinese Canadians' lower intimacy relative to European Canadians was mediated by their greater gender-role traditionalism but not by their individualism or collectivism. Study 2 further linked greater gender-role traditionalism to lower self-disclosure, and in turn, lower intimacy. Results also revealed that Chinese Canadians' lower intimacy mediated their lower relationship satisfaction and higher rate of relationship termination in Study 1, but that Chinese Canadians were not any more likely to terminate their relationships in Study 2.
Sequence of pNL194, a 79.3-Kilobase IncN Plasmid Carrying the blaVIM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase Gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae

ABSTRACT The nucleotide sequence of pNL194, a VIM-1-encoding plasmid, is described in this study. pNL194 (79,307 bp) comprised an IncN-characteristic segment (38,940 bp) and a mosaic structure (40,367 bp) including blaVIM-1, aacA7, aadA1, aadA2, dfrA1, dfrA12, aphA1, strA, strB, and sul1. Tn1000 or Tn5501 insertion within fipA probably facilitated recruitment of additional mobile elements carrying resistance genes.
Enhanced T Cell Proliferation in Mice Lacking the p85β Subunit of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase1

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation is important for lymphocyte proliferation and survival. Disrupting the gene that encodes the major phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory isoform p85α impairs B cell development and proliferation. However, T cell functions are intact in the absence of p85α. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the related isoform p85β is an essential regulatory subunit for T cell signaling. Unexpectedly, T cells lacking p85β showed a marked increase in proliferation and decreased death when stimulated with anti-CD3 plus IL-2. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells completed more cell divisions. Transcriptional profiling revealed reduced levels of caspase-6 mRNA in p85β-deficient T cells, which was paralleled by reduced caspase-6 enzyme activity. Increased T cell accumulation was also observed in vivo following infection of p85β-deficient mice with mouse hepatitis virus. Together, these results suggest a unique role for p85β in limiting T cell expansion.
Unexpected Behavior of the Heaviest Halogen Astatine in the Nucleophilic Substitution of Aryliodonium Salts.

Aryliodonium salts have become precursors of choice for the synthesis of (18) F-labeled tracers for nuclear imaging. However, little is known on the reactivity of these compounds with heavy halides, that is, radioiodide and astatide, at the radiotracer scale. In the first comparative study of radiohalogenation of aryliodonium salts with (125) I(-) and (211) At(-) , initial experiments on a model compound highlight the higher reactivity of astatide compared to iodide, which could not be anticipated from the trends previously observed within the halogen series. Kinetic studies indicate a significant difference in activation energy (Ea =23.5 and 17.1 kcal mol(-1) with (125) I(-) and (211) At(-) , respectively). Quantum chemical calculations suggest that astatination occurs via the monomeric form of an iodonium complex whereas iodination occurs via a heterodimeric iodonium intermediate. The good to excellent regioselectivity of halogenation and high yields achieved with diversely substituted aryliodonium salts indicate that this class of compounds is a promising alternative to the stannane chemistry currently used for heavy radiohalogen labeling of tracers in nuclear medicine.
Opacity Measurements in a Hot Dense Medium

Measurements of the opacity of aluminum in a well characterized, hot, dense, laser produced plasma are reported. Measurements of the absorption of X-rays by 1 to 2 transitions in Al XII through Al VIII have been made in a laser-heated slab plasma at the measured temperature and density of 58 ± 4 eV and 0.020 ± 0.007 g cm-3. Separate measurements of the temperature and density were made. The conditions in the plasma were determined to be reproducible, spatially uniform, and in nearly complete local thermodynamic equilibrium. The absorption spectra and the temperature-density data obtained provide an improved means for comparison with detailed atomic physics and opacity calculations.
A 2-week efficacy and safety study of eszopiclone in elderly patients with primary insomnia.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Evaluate the efficacy of eszopiclone in primary insomnia. DESIGN/SETTING Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter in outpatient setting with weekly visits. PARTICIPANTS Two-hundred thirty one men and women aged 65 to 85 years (mean age 72.3 years) with primary insomnia, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition. INTERVENTIONS Eszopiclone 1 mg (n = 72), eszopiclone 2 mg (n = 79), or placebo (n = 80) nightly for 2 weeks. MEASUREMENTS/RESULTS Efficacy was assessed using an interactive voice response system. Following the predefined hierarchical testing strategy, the eszopiclone 2-mg group had a significantly shorter sleep latency compared with placebo over the double-blind period (P = .0034). The eszopiclone 2-mg group had significantly longer total sleep time (P = .0003) and eszopiclone 1-mg group had significantly shorter sleep latency (P < or = .012) compared with placebo. The eszopiclone 1-mg group was not significantly different from placebo on total sleep time or any other secondary efficacy endpoint. Secondary analyses indicated that the eszopiclone 2-mg group had significantly less wake after sleep onset; significantly fewer and shorter in duration daytime naps; and significantly higher ratings of sleep quality and depth, daytime alertness, and sense of physical well-being compared with placebo (P < .05). Eszopiclone was well tolerated. The most frequent treatment-related adverse event was unpleasant taste. CONCLUSION Nightly treatment with eszopiclone 1 mg effectively induced sleep, while the 2-mg dose was effective in inducing and maintaining sleep. Eszopiclone was well tolerated in elderly patients with primary insomnia, and the sleep efficacy was accompanied by significantly less napping and significantly higher ratings of daytime alertness, sense of physical well-being, and several quality-of-life parameters at the higher dose.
Is It Beneficial to Convert to a Neutral-pH Bicarbonate/Lactate-Buffered PD Solution in Long-Term CAPD Patients? A Single-Center Prospective Study

We assumed that hydrothorax was due to the malpositioned peritoneal catheter. Peritoneal dialysis was stopped and the right peritoneal catheter was removed and a new left-sided catheter was inserted at the same time. Peritoneal dialysis was restarted after 1 month of catheter replacement with progressive increase of volume exchange. The chest X-ray did not show any recurrence of the pleural effusion up to 2 months later. Hydrotorax is an infrequent PD mechanical complication of PD (1). It usually occurs early after starting PD treatment (less than 30 days), and it is associated with an increase in intra-abdominal pressure in patients with congenital defects of the diaphragm muscle. It appears more commonly in females and in the r ight hemithorax. On very rare occasions, it has been related to peritonitis episodes (2–3). Treatment consists of peritoneal rest, temporary or definitive transference to HD, pleurodesis or surgical repair of the diaphragm defect (4). Our patient developed a late-onset right peritoneal-pleural leak in clear temporal relationship with a right malpositioned catheter which resolved after removing it. There has been no recurrence of pleural effusion since resuming PD and no surgical repair was required. We propose catheter malposition as a new cause of hydrothorax in PD.
Role of Radiotherapy for Primary Orbital Lymphoma

To define the role of radiation therapy of primary orbital lymphoma, a retrospective analysis was undertaken for 18 patients with primary orbital lymphoma who were treated with curative radiotherapy between 1984 and 1995. The histology was found to be low grade lymphoma in 11 patients, intermediate grade in 7. All patients were of Ann Arbor stage IE, but bilateral involvement of the orbit was observed in 3 patients (16.6%). Anatomical subsites involved were the retrobulbar, eyelid, and conjunctiva in eight, five, and four patients, respectively. The median radiation dose was 30 Gy ranging from 20 Gy to 50 Gy. Twelve of 18 patients received a radiation dose of 30 Gy or less. To properly protect the lens during irradiation, the contact lens blocks were used for nine patients with conjunctival and eyelid tumor or the hanging eye bar blocks were applied for eight patients with retrobulbar tumor. Chemotherapy was given for seven patients with intermediate-grade malignant lymphoma. Two patients had been treated by surgery before referral.
LEADERSHIP AND PERFORMANCE BEYOND EXPECTATIONS

The study sought to evaluate the personal values profile, the predominant leadership styles, the leadership effectiveness, the relationship between personal values balance and leadership effectiveness, the relationship between leadership effectiveness and organizational differentiation, and the relationship between personal values balance and organizational differentiation of a group of Brazilian executives of several organizations. In order to evaluate the personal values profile a closed instrument of the rank order type has been developed and applied. To identify the predominant leadership styles, as well as the leadership effectiveness of the involved executives, it has been used an instrument available in the market. To verify the relationship between personal values balance and leadership effectiveness, it has been used the linear regression method computing the linear correlation coefficient between the before mentioned variables, involving 400 executives. To compute the organizational differentiation, an existing model, the Organizational Differentiation Model, has been applied leading to the organizational differentiation index for each one of the 48 organizations involved. To investigate the relationship between leadership effectiveness, taken the average value per organization, and organizational differentiation, it has been used the linear regression computing the linear correlation coefficient between the before mentioned variables. The same procedure was used to investigate the relationship between personal values balance, taken the average value per organization, and organizational differentiation. The study has shown that the executives have an unbalance in their personal values profile, with predominance of economic and theoretical values. Additionally the study has uncovered lack of flexibility regarding the leadership styles, presenting styles of selling and sharing ideas as dominants. The study also showed that the leadership effectiveness of the involved executives was at a moderate level. Finally, the research pointed out a high positive relationship between personal values balance and leadership effectiveness, and, furthermore, it showed that both variables present a high positive relationship with the overall success of organizations measured by their organizational differentiation indexes.
[Reliability and validity of behavior rating scale of executive function parent form for school age children in China].

OBJECTIVE To test the reliability and validity of the behavior rating scale of executive function (BRIEF) parent form for school age children in China. METHODS A total of 216 patients [attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or schizophrenia or autism] and 311 normal controls were involved in this research. parents of the subjects completed the BRIEF, ADHD rating scale-IV, Conners, and Rutter rating scales. And performance-based tests of executive function were carried out among some of the controls and ADHD subjects. These tests included Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF),trail-making test, digit span test, Tower of Hanoi (TOH), and Stroop test. RESULTS Test-retest reliability was 0.68-0.89 and Cronbach a coefficient was 0.74- 0.96 except for the initial subscale (0.61). Subscales of BRIEF were moderately correlated (r=0.41-0.64) with subscales of other criteria scales such as ADHD rating scale-IV, etc. And there were correlations (r=0.32-0.41) between subscales of BRIEF and some indexes of the performance-based tests of executive function in the control group while the correlations in the diagnostic group were negative. For example, the inhibition subscale correlated with detailed score of ROCF delayed recall test and Stroop word-color interference time (r=-0.32, 0.38). The working memory subscale correlated with time for trial B of the trail-making test, numbers of backwards digit test and Stroop word-color interference time (r=0.30, -0.39, 0.41). Lisrel Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 8-subscale model of BRIEF was reasonable. Compared with the control group, the diagnostic groups (ADHD-C, ADHD-I, schizophrenia and autism ) got significant higher scores almost on all subscales of BRIEF (Z=-3.17--4.17, P<0.01), respectively . And ADHD-C group got significant higher scores on inhibition, monitor and shift subscales of BRIEF than ADHD-I group (Z=-4.23--4.59, P<0.01). CONCLUSION The BRIEF parent form for school age children was proved to have adequate reliability and validity in China.
Changes in Isokinetic Muscle Strength in Adolescent Soccer Players after 10 Weeks of Pre-Season Training

Background : During soccer-specific movements, the strength of knee extensors and flexors is of great importance and achieving certain strength ratios between the two has been identified as an important parameter for reducing the risk of soft tissue injuries around the knee. Objective : The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in isokinetic strength of the knee flexors and extensors and their strength ratios in elite adolescent soccer players. Methods : Before and after 10 weeks of standard pre-season soccer training with progressive eccentric hamstring exercises, the players (n=18; age 17.1±0.4 years) participated in isokinetic testing to assess concentric and eccentric peak torque at 60°·s-1. Results : After 10 weeks of training, the peak eccentric torque of the non-dominant quadriceps increased (p=0.018; ω=0.24). Additionally, the average eccentric work increased in the dominant hamstrings (p=0.007; ω=0.23), dominant quadriceps (p=0.02; ω=0.31), non-dominant hamstrings (p=0.003; ω=0.25 and non-dominant quadriceps (p=0.01; ω=0.37). Lastly, the isokinetic functional ratio (eccentric hamstrings-to-concentric quadriceps) increased in favor of eccentric hamstring strength in the non-dominant limb (p=0.04; ω=0.31). Conclusion : The results of the study indicate that pre-season training induced suboptimal changes in the isokinetic strength of the knee flexors and extensors in elite adolescent soccer players. However, the lack of injuries combined with an apparent lack of preparedness explained by slow velocity isokinetic testing indicates that future research should investigate other forms of strength testing to determine soccer-specific preparedness such as isokinetic dynamometry at higher speeds (i.e. 180°.s-1 or 240°.s-1) and traditional weight-room testing such as 1RM tests.
Regulation of Rat Pineal Hydroxyindole‐O‐Methyltransferase in Neonatal and Adult Rats

The relative importance of neural, and some nonneural, mechanisms in the control of pineal hydroxyindole‐O‐methyltransferase (HIOMT) activity during development and in the adult rat was studied. In neonatal rats, guanethidine‐treatment, bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGX), or exposure to constant light did not prevent the initial appearance of HIOMT activity, indicating that neural stimulation of the gland is not essential for the development of HIOMT activity. In adult rats, decentralization or removal of the SCG led to a slow fall in HIOMT activity, to about 30% of control activity, indicating that the enzyme is largely under neural control. Additionally, adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy had no effect on HIOMT activity, refuting the suggestion that adrenal and/or gonadal steroids are of major importance in the regulation of this enzyme. The fall in activity of the enzyme after SCGX or exposure to constant light probably does not represent a shift in the Km of the enzyme nor the selective disappearance of a distinct molecular species. Similar changes in HIOMT activity and cyclic GMP responsiveness occur in response to alterations in the length of the daily dark period, adding further evidence to our earlier speculation that there may be a functional relationship between these two.
Field evaluation of PCR in detecting Theileria annulata infection in cattle in eastern Turkey

References AYERS, E. , CAMERON, E. , KEMP, R. , LEITCH, H. , MOLLISON, A. , MUIR, I. , REID, H. , SMITH, D. & SPROAT, J. (2001) Oral lesions in sheep and cattle in Dumfries and Galloway. Veterinary Record 148, 720-723 DE LA RUA, R. , WATKINS, G. H. & WATSON, P. J. (2001) Idiopathic mouth ulcers in sheep. Veterinary Record 149, 30-31 DONALDSON, A. I. ,ALEXANDERSEN, S. , SORENSEN, J. H. & MIKKELSEN, T. (2001) Relative risks of the uncontrollable (airborne) spread of FMD by different species. Veterinary Record 148, 602-604 DONALDSON, A. I. & SELLERS, R. F. (2000) Foot-and-mouth disease. In Diseases of Sheep. 3rd edn. Eds W. B. Martin, I. D. Aitken. Oxford, Blackwell Science. pp 254-258 SANSON, R. L. (1994) The epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease: implications for New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 42, 41-53 Number Of samples Thin bld smear IFAT PCR
Pain and cognitive status in the institutionalized elderly: perceptions & interventions.

The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between: (1) nurses' ratings of pain and corresponding administration of pain medication to elderly long-term care residents, and (2) cognitive status of the elderly and pain medication orders/administration. Participants were 83 residents, 60 years of age and older, in two groups: cognitively impaired (n = 64), and cognitively intact (n = 19). For comparison purposes, 19 of the cognitively impaired subjects were matched on age and diagnosis to provide control for potentially painful conditions. A retrospective medication review of the resident's charts was conducted to compare medication orders and administration on analgesics that were scheduled and p.r. n. (given as needed). The pain ratings of 25 RNs using a visual analogue scale were correlated with pain medications given to the resident on the day of the rating. Results indicated that RNs' ratings of resident pain and the administration of pain medications were not significantly correlated. In addition, cognitively impaired residents were prescribed significantly less scheduled medication and received significantly less pain medication (either p.r.n. or scheduled) than the cognitively intact elderly. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Processus de démarrage en petite entreprise : système de gestion et scénarios

L’auteur propose une definition de la phase de demarrage permettant la construction d’une grille d’analyse strategique de cette etape de developpement. Les fondements systemiques de l’analyse ainsi que son positionnement diachronique conduisent a l’elaboration de scenarios de demarrage.