Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demagnetization Testing for a Mixed-Grade Dovetail Permanent-Magnet Machine

A dovetail machine is a novel design developed to solve the strength problems of traditional buried magnet machines. A mixed-grade construction can be easily applied to a dovetail machine, because a dovetail machine has several magnets in a single pole in different positions. The basic idea of the mixed-grade construction is to use high intrinsic coercivity material in the positions of the high demagnetization risk and high remanence material in the positions of low demagnetization risk. We have developed a demagnetization model that takes into account the temperature dependence of the properties of the permanent-magnet materials to model a dovetail permanent-magnet motor with mixed-grade construction. We compared the model with a real motor. By comparing the testing and the calculations, we show that our demagnetization model can predict the demagnetization of the permanent magnets with reasonable accuracy. We discuss the benefits of the mixed-grade construction in a dovetail machine.
Dynamics of the T4 Bacteriophage DNA Packasome Motor

Conserved bacteriophage ATP-based DNA translocation motors consist of a multimeric packaging terminase docked onto a unique procapsid vertex containing a portal ring. DNA is translocated into the empty procapsid through the portal ring channel to high density. In vivo the T4 phage packaging motor deals with Y- or X-structures in the replicative concatemer substrate by employing a portal-bound Holliday junction resolvase that trims and releases these DNA roadblocks to packaging. Here using dye-labeled packaging anchored 3.7-kb Y-DNAs or linear DNAs, we demonstrate FRET between the dye-labeled substrates and GFP portal-containing procapsids and between GFP portal and single dye-labeled terminases. We show using FRET-fluorescence correlation spectroscopy that purified T4 gp49 endonuclease VII resolvase can release DNA compression in vitro in prohead portal packaging motor anchored and arrested Y-DNA substrates. In addition, using active terminases labeled at the N- and C-terminal ends with a single dye molecule, we show by FRET distance of the N-terminal GFP-labeled portal protein containing prohead at 6.9 nm from the N terminus and at 5.7 nm from the C terminus of the terminase. Packaging with a C-terminal fluorescent terminase on a GFP portal prohead, FRET shows a reduction in distance to the GFP portal of 0.6 nm in the arrested Y-DNA as compared with linear DNA; the reduction is reversed by resolvase treatment. Conformational changes in both the motor proteins and the DNA substrate itself that are associated with the power stroke of the motor are consistent with a proposed linear motor employing a terminal-to-portal DNA grip-and-release mechanism.
Genetic variant of CCND1: Association with HPV-mediated cervical cancer in Indian population

The potential association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (G870A and G1722C) of CCND1 with susceptibility to cervical cancer was investigated. The study included 200 cervical cancer cases along with an equal number of healthy controls. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis and direct sequencing were employed for genotyping. We found that women carrying the 870AA genotype have a 2.49-fold increased risk for the development of cervical cancer (odds ratio (OR) 2.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51–4.09; p = 0.0004) compared with GG+GA genotypes. For the 1722 locus, the frequency of the polymorphic ‘C’ allele was strongly associated with a reduced risk of cervical cancer (p = 0.019; OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.54–0.94). Our data suggest that CCND1 G870A polymorphism could act as a risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. And G1722C polymorphism may play a protective role against the development of human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer among Indian women.
Outcomes in patients with acute non-Q-wave myocardial infarction randomly assigned to an invasive as compared with a conservative management strategy. Veterans Affairs Non-Q-Wave Infarction Strategies in Hospital (VANQWISH) Trial Investigators.

BACKGROUND Non-Q-wave myocardial infarction is usually managed according to an "invasive" strategy (i.e., one of routine coronary angiography followed by myocardial revascularization). METHODS We randomly assigned 920 patients to either "invasive" management (462 patients) or "conservative" management, defined as medical therapy and noninvasive testing, with subsequent invasive management if indicated by the development of spontaneous or inducible ischemia (458 patients), within 72 hours of the onset of a non-Q-wave infarction. Death or nonfatal infarction made up the combined primary end point. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 23 months, 152 events (80 deaths and 72 nonfatal infarctions) occurred in 138 patients who had been randomly assigned to the invasive strategy, and 139 events (59 deaths and 80 nonfatal infarctions) in 123 patients assigned to the conservative strategy (P=0.35). Patients assigned to the invasive strategy had worse clinical outcomes during the first year of follow-up. The number of patients with one of the components of the primary end point (death or nonfatal myocardial infarction) and the number who died were significantly higher in the invasive-strategy group at hospital discharge (36 vs. 15 patients, P=0.004, for the primary end point; 21 vs. 6, P=0.007, for death), at one month (48 vs. 26, P=0.012; 23 vs. 9, P=0.021), and at one year (111 vs. 85, P=0.05; 58 vs. 36, P= 0.025). Overall mortality during follow-up did not differ significantly between patients assigned to the conservative-strategy group and those assigned to the invasive-strategy group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.51 to 1.01). CONCLUSIONS Most patients with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction do not benefit from routine, early invasive management consisting of coronary angiography and revascularization. A conservative, ischemia-guided initial approach is both safe and effective.
Hydrologic Evaluation of a Mediterranean Watershed Using the SWAT Model with Multiple PET Estimation Methods

The Penman-Monteith (P-M) method suggested by the Food Agricultural Organization in irrigation and drainage paper 56 (FAO-56 P-M) was used in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool's (SWAT) water balance simulation at the outlet of an experimental watershed in Sicily, Italy. A sensitivity analysis determined that the model was more sensitive to this potential evapotranspiration (PET) parameter than to the other six parameters impacting surface runoff in this small Mediterranean watershed. The FAO-56 P-M method was compared to the three existing SWAT PET methods from 1997 to 2003. The watershed's water balance was more realistically simulated by the FAO-56 P-M method than by the other PET methods. The traditional P-M method incorporated into SWAT overestimated total (surface and base flow) runoff volumes observed during the entire period by approximately 50%; however, total runoff volumes were underestimated by only 17% when the FAO-56 P-M method was used. The surface runoff simulation results using the FAO-56 P-M PET equation for calculating daily values was sufficient at the monthly time interval (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency >0.75) during the calibration and validation periods. The incorporation of the FAO-56 P-M method has broadened the SWAT model's applicability to watersheds that are in semi-arid environments with high-intensity, short-duration rainfall events.
The Effects of Smoking on Dental Care Utilization and Its Costs in Japan

Smoking has been established as an important risk factor for periodontal disease and tooth loss. The purpose of this study was a prospective evaluation of the effects of smoking on dental care utilization and its costs, based on data from 5712 males aged 20–59 yrs. Age, dental health behavior, and history of diabetes were adjusted in a multivariate analysis. Current smokers accrued 14% higher dental care costs than never-smokers over a five-year period. This difference in annual dental care costs was mainly attributable to the increased percentage of participants in the ‘higher dental care cost’ category among current smokers. There was no clear trend identified for the dose-dependent effects of smoking on dental care utilization and its costs. Past smokers incurred lower dental care costs compared with current smokers. Smoking may have played a key role in the increment of dental care utilization and its costs via deterioration in oral conditions.
New loci required for Streptomyces coelicolor morphological and physiological differentiation

Streptomyces coelicolor colonies differentiate both morphologically, producing aerial spore chains, and physiologically, producing antibiotics as secondary metabolites. Single mutations, which block both aspects of differentiation, define bld (bald colony) genes. To identify new bld genes, mutagenized colonies were screened for blocks in the earliest stage of sporulation, the formation of aerial mycelia, and blocks in antibiotic synthesis. The mutations in 12 mutants were mapped; in each strain, the pleiotropic phenotype was due to a single mutation. Seven of the strains contained mutations in known bld loci, bldA and bldB. Three strains contained mutations in a new locus, bldG, and two contained mutations in another new locus, bldH. Like the previously defined bldA mutants, the bldG and bldH mutants were developmentally blocked on glucose. On a variety of carbon sources whose utilization was subject to glucose repression, the developmental blocks were partially relieved for bldG (and bldA) mutants and fully relieved for bldH mutants. These results are compatible with an hypothesis which suggests that there are two alternative controls on S. coelicolor differentiation, one of which is glucose repressible.
Determinants and performance outcome of manufacturing SMEs use of internet-based IOISs to share inventory information

This identifies the determinants and performance outcome of internet-based Interorganisational Information Systems (IOISs) to share inventory information with their key customers. The proposed model is tested on data collected from 240 senior managers of Canadian SMEs. Results indicate that: both determinants related to the technology and those related to business relationships affect SME's use of internet-based IOISs; the use of IOISs to share inventory information positively impacts manufacturing SMEs' operational performance; under greater use of internet-based IOISs to support transactions, an increase in the use of internet-based IOISs to share inventory information does not lead to an increase in performance.
Ventilatory responses to acute and sustained hypoxia during sevoflurane anesthesia in women.

UNLABELLED We investigated the isocapnic hypoxic (i.e., pulse oximetry monitored arterial saturations 70%-75%) ventilatory response (HVR) for 20 min in the awake state and during sevoflurane anesthesia at an end-tidal concentration of 1.6% in eight healthy (ASA physical status I) women. Our aims were to determine if a prolonged isocapnic hypoxic period during sevoflurane anesthesia showed a biphasic response pattern (i.e., an initial acute HVR followed by a decline to a lowered sustained HVR) and, if so, to quantify to what extent the acute and sustained HVRs were depressed by anesthesia. The study was conducted before laparoscopic gynecological surgery. Pneumotachography and in-line infrared capnography were used. The pattern of awake biphasic HVR was maintained during anesthesia but was depressed during both the acute and the sustained phases by 60% and 70%, respectively. Further, HVR during anesthesia was accomplished by an increase in respiratory rate, in contrast to an increase in tidal volume in the awake state. In conclusion, sevoflurane anesthesia at 1.6% depresses HVR in women, but the biphasic response is maintained. IMPLICATIONS Acute and sustained hypoxic ventilatory responses were investigated in eight women before and during sevoflurane anesthesia. A biphasic ventilatory response was persistent but blunted during anesthesia.
Drug-induced post-repolarization refractoriness as an antiarrhythmic principle and its underlying mechanism.

AIMS We hypothesized that amiodarone (AM), unlike d-sotalol (DS) (a 'pure' Class III agent), not only prolongs the action potential duration (APD) but also causes post-repolarization refractoriness (PRR), thereby preventing premature excitation and providing superior antiarrhythmic efficacy. METHODS AND RESULTS We tested this hypothesis in 31 patients with inducible ventricular tachycardia (VT) during programmed stimulation with the use of the 'Franz' monophasic action potential (MAP) catheter with simultaneous pacing capability. We determined the effective refractory period (ERP) for each of three extrastimuli (S2-S4) and the corresponding MAP duration at 90% repolarization (APD90), both during baseline and on randomized therapy with either DS (n = 15) or AM (n = 16). We defined ERP > APD90 as PRR and ERP < APD90 as 'encroachment' on repolarization. A revised computer action potential model was developed to help explain the mechanisms of these in-vivo human-heart phenomena. Encroachment but not PRR was present in all patients at baseline and during DS treatment (NS vs. baseline), and VT was non-inducible in only 2 of 15 DS patients. In contrast, in 12 of 16 AM patients PRR was present (P < 0.001 vs. baseline), and VT was no longer inducible. Our model (with revised sodium channel kinetics) reproduced encroachment and drug-induced PRR. CONCLUSION Both, AM and DS, prolonged APD90 but only AM produced PRR and prevented encroachment of premature extrastimuli. Our computer simulations suggest that PRR is due to altered kinetics of the slow inactivation of the rapid sodium current. This may contribute to the high antiarrhythmic efficacy of AM.
Analysis of wartime reduction of dental caries in European children; with special regard to observations in Norway.

AN ATTEMPT has been made to assemble and analyze (1) the overall incidence of dental caries in children from different European countries in the period between the beginning of World War I and the termination of World War II and (2) certain dietary factors in operation during the war years and of possible explanatory significance in connection with the observed fluctuations in the frequency of caries. As might be expected, there are wide variations in the conditions under which the surveys were made. Certain of the observations afford a year to year comparison of the same population groups; others were made within a single year or in several isolated years. Similarly, there is not the desirable uniformity in the recording of the dental data to permit as detailed an analysis as might have been desired. An attempt has therefore been made to analyze the combined data in enough detail to
The formation of the resurrection narratives

A previously unpublished collection containing: the Stumpff Lecture on 'The Dialectical Theology of St John', the Ethel M. Wood Lecture on 'The Prologue to St John's Gospel', three lectures on Acts delivered originally in German, and separate contributions on ' A ransom for many', ' I am not ashamed of the Gospel', 'The New Testament Doctrine of Church and State', and 'Theology in the World of Learning'.
Building a nursing productivity measure based on the synergy model: first steps.

BACKGROUND The Synergy Model describes nurses' work on the basis of the individual needs of patients and their families. OBJECTIVE To generate data necessary to develop a nursing productivity system by using the Synergy Model as a conceptual framework. METHODS Nurses from 3 different intensive care units participated. In phase 1, charge nurses in focus groups described patient and family indicators considered when making nurse-patient assignments. In phase 2, charge nurse data were used to construct a survey for experienced staff nurses, asking them to link the indicators to 3 levels of nursing workload. RESULTS Thirty charge nurses considered all 8 patient dimensions of the Synergy Model when making nurse-patient assignments. Thirty-two experienced staff nurses completed 79 surveys ranking patients' stability as the most important dimension in patient care followed by complexity and predictability. Respondents linked a common set of unique indicators to each of the patient dimensions of the Synergy Model: fluctuation in vital signs was linked to stability; number and severity of diagnoses, to complexity; trajectory of illness, to predictability; lack of reserve, to resiliency; invasiveness of procedures, to vulnerability; family educational level and participation style, to family participation in decision making/care; and home environment, to resources. Sets of indicators were common across units and clustered around level of workload. CONCLUSION The Synergy Model shows promise as a conceptual framework for a nursing productivity system. Using a model that centers nursing work on patients' needs may better capture what nurses do and enhance our capacity to quantify nursing resource allocation.
Use of cross species genomic profiling identifies pathways and genes differentially regulated in prostate cancer cells treated with soy protein isolates or purified genistein.

BACKGROUND The main purified compound from soy protein isolates is genistein, but this purified phytoestrogen fails to recapitulate all the features of the soy-based diet that is associated with lower incidence of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat and human prostate cancer cell lines were treated with either soy protein isolates or purified genistein. In vitro cell growth was correlated with the associated genomic expression profiles using cDNA arrays. The data was subsequently bioinformatically analyzed within and across species to identify common changes in expression profiles associated with the soy protein or genistein treatments. RESULTS Gene expression profiling and data mining noted genes specific to soy; however, biological pathways showed the same gene regulation profiles between genistein and soy. CONCLUSION Genistein is likely the major contributor to the effect of soy proteins on cellular pathways; however, the expression of different genes using soy protein isolates suggests complexity in the many compounds found in whole soy protein.
A Half-Life Decaying Model for Recommender Systems with Matrix Factorization

We propose the use of an exponential decay function for modeling drifts in user interests in collaborative filtering systems. For that purpose, we introduce the notion of half-life of ratings and incorporate it as a bias into a matrix factorization model. Experimental results on movie ratings spanning a period of approximately 7 months show that employing a half-life of around 150 days yields large improvements in prediction accuracy, confirming that significant user interest shifts exist over time and that the proposed model offers a viable strategy.
Bose-Einstein condensation in low-dimensional traps.

We demonstrate the possibility of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of an ideal Bose gas confined by one- and two-dimensional power-law traps. One-dimensional systems display BEC in traps that are more confining than parabolic: U(x)\ensuremath{\sim}${\mathit{x}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\eta}}}$,\ensuremath{\eta}2. Two-dimensional systems display BEC for any finite value of \ensuremath{\eta}. A possible experimental configuration for a two-dimensional trap is described.
Neurobiological correlates of cognitions in fear and anxiety: A cognitive–neurobiological information-processing model

We review likely neurobiological substrates of cognitions related to fear and anxiety. Cognitive processes are linked to abnormal early activity reflecting hypervigilance in subcortical networks involving the amygdala, hippocampus, and insular cortex, and later recruitment of cortical regulatory resources, including activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex to implement avoidant response strategies. Based on this evidence, we present a cognitive–neurobiological information-processing model of fear and anxiety, linking distinct brain structures to specific stages of information processing of perceived threat.
Cancer mortality among shoe manufacturing workers: an analysis of two cohorts.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the cancer risk of shoe manufacturing workers and evaluate whether the risk was associated with exposure to leather dust and solvents. METHODS: Data from two historical cohort studies of shoe workers were expanded and analysed in parallel. A total of 4215 shoemakers from England contributing 103 726 person-years at risk and 2008 shoemakers from Florence, Italy, contributing 54,395 person-years at risk were included in the analysis. Exposure to leather dusts and solvents from glues was evaluated on the basis of job title information. Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated as ratios of observed deaths (Obs) over expected derived from national mortalities. RESULTS: Overall mortality was lower than expected in both cohorts (English cohort: Obs 3314, SMR 81, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 78-84; Florence cohort: Obs 333, SMR 87, 95% CI 78-97). An increased risk of nasal cancer was found (English cohort: Obs 12, SMR 741; Florence cohort: Obs 1, SMR 909). 10 of the 13 cases occurred among English workers employed in the manufacture of welted boots (SMR 926, 95% CI 444-1703), a sector of the industry thought to have had the highest exposure to leather dust. Mortality from leukaemia was not increased in the English cohort (Obs 16, SMR 89), but was increased in the Florence cohort (Obs 8, SMR 214, 95% CI 92-421); and the highest risk was found among shoe workers in Florence who were first exposed between 1950 and 1959 when exposure to benzene was substantial (Obs 3, SMR 536, 95% CI 111-1566). Some evidence for an excess risk of stomach, bladder, and kidney cancer, as well as multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was also found in the Florence cohort only among workers employed in jobs with the highest exposure to solvents. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm the associations between exposure to leather dust and nasal cancer and between exposure to benzene and leukaemia in the shoe manufacturing industry and suggest that the risk of other cancers may be increased among workers exposed to solvents or glues.
Control traffic analysis of on-demand routing protocols in ad-hoc wireless networks

This paper provides an analytical framework for estimating the routing overhead due to mobility and link break- age. Detailed analysis is presented for estimating the number of control packets (RREQ, RREP and RERR) as a function of time, number of nodes, node degree, transmission range, mobility of nodes, average hop count and link density. In order to validate the proposed model, two on-demand routing protocols namely ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing and dynamic source routing (DSR) are analyzed and compared in terms of normalized load. The quantitative and simulation results presented in this paper are useful for selecting a suitable on-demand routing protocol and for designing novel and efficient routing protocols for ad-hoc wireless networks.