Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CBVMR: Content-Based Video-Music Retrieval Using Soft Intra-Modal Structure Constraint

Up to now, only limited research has been conducted on crossmodal retrieval of suitable music for a specified video or vice versa. Moreover, much of the existing research relies on metadata such as keywords, tags, or description that must be individually produced and attached posterior. This paper introduces a new content-based, cross-modal retrieval method for video and music that is implemented through deep neural networks. We train the network via inter-modal ranking loss such that videos and music with similar semantics end up close together in the embedding space. However, if only the inter-modal ranking constraint is used for embedding, modality-specific characteristics can be lost. To address this problem, we propose a novel soft intra-modal structure loss that leverages the relative distance relationship between intra-modal samples before embedding. We also introduce reasonable quantitative and qualitative experimental protocols to solve the lack of standard protocols for less-mature video-music related tasks. All the datasets and source code can be found in our online repository (https://github.com/csehong/VM-NET).
The cardiovascular responses elicited from the posterior cerebellar cortex in the anaesthetized and decerebrate rabbit.

1. In this study the posterior cerebellar cortex has been electrically stimulated and changes in heart rate, arterial blood pressure, regional blood flows and renal sympathetic nerve discharge have been recorded in both the anaesthetized and the decerebrate unanaesthetized rabbit. 2. Specifically, lobules VII, VIII, IX and X of the posterior cerebellar vermis were stimulated but the only region which elicited cardiovascular changes was lobule IX (the uvula). The responsive area of the uvula was localized to the medial regions of sublobules a, b and c and was identical in both anaesthetized and decerebrate animals. 3. Under urethane anaesthesia, uvula stimulation evoked a small bradycardia, a fall in arterial pressure, a transient inhibition of renal sympathetic nerve activity, with no change in renal vascular conductance, and an increase in femoral vascular conductance. 4. Stimulation of an identical area in the decerebrate rabbit evoked a marked tachycardia, an increase in blood pressure, maintained increase in renal sympathetic nerve discharge, and decreases in both renal and femoral conductances. 5. The response evoked from the decerebrate rabbit could be reversed by a small dose of anaesthetic to a pattern of response which was essentially identical to that seen in the urethane‐anaesthetized rabbit. 6. This influence of anaesthetics on the pattern of cardiovascular responses that may be elicited from the cerebellar cortex indicates that caution should be exercised when making physiological inferences on the basis of stimulation experiments in anaesthetized preparations. 7. In the light of the cardiovascular changes that may be evoked from the uvula, and recent neuroanatomical and neurophysiological data concerning afferent and efferent connexions of this cerebellar region, we discuss the possibility that the uvula plays a role in the alerting reaction of the rabbit.
"So, what is a psychopath?" Venireperson perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes about psychopathic personality.

This study surveyed over 400 individuals attending jury duty regarding various perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs they had concerning psychopathic personality (psychopathy). The protocol included (a) prototype ratings of what participants considered to be core features, using the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) prototype rating scale; (b) questions concerning knowledge and beliefs about psychopathy (e.g., prevalence in society); and (c) attitudinal scales concerning potential associated features (e.g., criminality, rehabilitation potential), etiological underpinnings, and moral judgments and legal sanctions. Consistent with results of earlier studies using expert raters, jury panel members rated most of the 33 individual CAPP items and all 6 CAPP scales as at least moderately prototypical, with Self and Dominance domains obtaining the highest mean ratings. Many participants also strongly endorsed symptoms of psychosis (e.g., delusions) as prototypical of psychopathy. Despite this, they viewed psychopaths as responsible for their own actions, as capable of determining right from wrong, and as generally not "insane. " Our findings indicate that jury panel members view the prototypical psychopath as highly dominant, self-focused, and lacking in remorse and empathy and reinforce the need for expert witnesses to clearly differentiate between psychopathy and psychotic-spectrum disorders.
Ring Avulsion Injuries:Microsurgical Management

Microsurgical treatment of ring avulsion injuries is often difficult, due to widespread intimal damage of the digital vascular bundles. Thirty-one patients with such injuries in varying degrees were treated during the period 1986 to 1992: of these, 15 underwent microsurgical revascularization. In addition to the traditional procedures applied in seven patients (arteriolysis, direct vessel suture, vein grafts), a technique consisting of vessel transfer from the middle finger was also employed. In five patients, the ulnar digital artery of the middle finger was transferred to the ring finger. In four patients, at least one vein was transferred from the dorsal aspect of the middle finger. Twelve of 15 microreconstructions were successful: with an average follow-up of 48.3 months, these patients showed very good functional (mean total active range of motion: 234 degrees and mean s2PD: 9.8mm) and cosmetic recovery. These results lead to the conclusion that, except for cases characterized by proximal amputation at the flexor superficialis tendon insertion, microsurgical treatment should always be carried out.
How Does HIT Stimulate Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle ?

Regular endurance training improves performance during tasks that rely mainly on aerobic energy metabolism, in large part by increasing the body’s ability to transport and utilize oxygen and by altering substrate metabolism in working skeletal muscle (Saltin & Gollnick, 1983). In contrast, highintensity “sprint”-type exercise training is generally thought to have less of an effect on oxidative energy provision and endurance capacity. However, many studies have shown that high-intensity interval training (HIT) — performed with suffi cient volume for at least several weeks — increases peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak) and the maximal activities of mitochondrial enzymes in skeletal muscle (Kubekeli et al., 2002; Laursen & Jenkins, 2002; Ross & Leveritt, 2001). Recent evidence suggests that many adaptations normally associated with traditional high-volume endurance training can be induced faster than previously thought with a surprisingly small volume of HIT. The present article briefl y summarizes skeletal muscle adaptations to HIT and highlights recent work that sheds new light on the potency of HIT to induce rapid skeletal muscle remodeling and improve exercise capacity.
Temperature-induced synthesis of specific proteins in Escherichia coli: evidence for transcriptional control

Synthesis of several protein chains of Escherichia coli is markedly, though transiently, induced upon shift-up of a log-phase culture to or above the critical temperature (about 34 degrees C). Such induction occurs coordinately for at least three protein chains (76K, 73K, and 64K) examined. Studies of initial kinetics of induction using a specific inhibitor of transcription (rifampin) revealed that induction occurs at the level of transcription with very little lag, though actual synthesis of messenger ribonucleic acids and proteins requires about 1 min when temperature is shifted up from 30 to 42 degrees C. Evidence suggests that E. coli cells somehow "recognize" the temperature change and activate transcription of several distinct operons, one of which contains the mop (morphogenesis of phages; groE) gene.
Sympathetic ophthalmitis following vitreoretinal surgery: Does antecedent trauma make a difference?

Background: Sympathetic ophthalmitis (SO) has been reported following vitrectomy; however, there is a lack of data on the role of antecedent penetrating ocular trauma impacting the disease manifestation in eyes developing SO following vitrectomy. Aim: To report differences in the presentation and outcomes of SO in eyes with or without a history of antecedent penetrating trauma; SO being diagnosed after vitreoretinal (VR) surgery. Design: Comparative case series. Methods: Seventeen consecutive patients presenting with SO following VR surgery, diagnosed between 1995 and 2011 were included. Eyes with and without prior penetrating injury were included in Group I (n = 7) and Group II (n = 10), respectively. All Group I patients had received systemic steroids prior to presentation. Demographic and clinical parameters were evaluated. Results: Differences were observed between Group I and Group II mainly with regards to time interval between VR surgery and diagnosis of SO (1.5 months vs. 8 months, P = 0.10), presence of neurosensory detachments (100% vs. 30%, P = 0.01), and the inciting eye vision at presentation (nil light perception in 28.5% vs. 80%, P = 0.049). Other differences observed though not statistically significant were optic disc and retinal vessel involvement (42% vs. 70%, P = 0.28), Dalen-Fuchs nodules (localized vs. diffuse) and leaks on fundus fluorescein angiography (pin-head vs. pin-point leak). Conclusion: SO in patients with antecedent penetrating ocular trauma present early with the central serous chorioretinopathy-like picture. Prior use of systemic steroids might have a bearing on the differences in presentation and the visual acuities between the two groups.
Overexpression of p27KIP1 in Seborrheic Keratosis

Background: The pathogenesis of seborrheic keratosis (SK) is not well understood. SKs are slow growing, but the details of cell cycle control in these lesions are not known. We hypothesized that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors would be strongly expressed in SKs and that the proliferation rate would be low. Objectives: To quantify the expression of Ki67, p16INK4a, p21WAF1, and p27KIP1 in SK. Methods: We assessed acanthotic SKs (n = 10) and irritated SKs (n = 10) for Ki67, p16INK4a, p21WAF1, and p27KIP1 expression using immunohistochemistry. Results: For nonirritated acanthotic pattern SKs, the Ki67 index was 3.4% (range 0.6–6.5%), confirming a low proliferation rate. The p16INK4A index was 6.0% (range 0–16%), and the p21WAF1 index was 4.8% (range 0–25%). p27KIP1 was strongly and diffusely expressed in all SKs, with a labeling index of 78% (range 75–85%). The labeling indices were similar in irritated SK lesions with a slightly increased proliferation rate and corresponding decrease in p27KIP1 expression. Conclusions: We conclude that in SKs, strong expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27KIP1 appears to be a major mechanism controlling keratinocyte proliferation.
Chi-Square quantile-based multivariate variance monitoring for individual observations

ABSTRACT Under the normality assumption, some statistics for monitoring a multivariate process variance for individual observations can be used to detect a variance shift, but the distribution of their in-control run length has a high variance as well as the median that is extremely smaller than the mean, which leads to many false alarms in the in-control process. In this paper, we propose a chi-square quantile-based monitoring statistic which is free of the problems. The numerical experiments show that the proposed monitoring statistics outperform the existing monitoring statistics in terms of the detection of a shift for the variance.
Left to their own devices: Medical learners’ use of mobile technologies

Background: Although many medical learners and teachers are using mobile technologies within medical education, there has been little evidence presented describing how they use mobile devices across a whole curriculum. Methods: The Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM) introduced a new mobile device program in 2010. Incoming undergraduate medical learners received a laptop and an iPad and learners entering year three of the four-year program received a laptop and an iPhone. A survey was sent to all learners to gather information on their use of and attitudes toward these devices. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to analyze the data and to generate a series of themes that synthesized student behaviors, perceptions and attitudes. Results: Context and learner autonomy were found to be important factors with learners using multiple devices for different purposes and adopting strategic approaches to learning using these devices. The expectation that school-issued devices would be regularly and enthusiastically used to replace more traditional study media was not reflected in practice. Conclusions: Learners’ approaches to using mobile devices are heterogeneous as is the extent to which they use them. Learners adapt their use of mobile devices to the learning cultures and contexts they find themselves in.
The viral origin of cervical cancer in Rabat, Morocco

In Northern Africa, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women. The diagnosis is usually made in advanced stages, and mortality is high, yet few studies have investigated the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) and other risk factors in the etiology of cervical cancer. A hospital‐based case‐control study was completed at the Institut National d'Oncologie (INO) in Rabat, Morocco. The study included 214 cases of invasive cervical cancer and 203 controls. A structured questionnaire was used to investigate known and suspected risk factors for cervical cancer. A GP 5+/6+ polymerase chain reaction system was used to detect the presence of HPV DNA and HPV type distribution. Probes for 30 HPV types were used in one research laboratory. HPV DNA was the central risk factor and accounted for the large majority of the cases. The adjusted odds ratio (ORa) for any HPV was 61.6 (95% CI, 29.2–130) and the corresponding HPV attributable fraction (AF) was 92%. Among cases of cervical cancer, HPV 16 was the most common type (67.7%) followed by HPV 18. The HPV type‐specific prevalence was similar for squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. In multivariate adjusted or HPV‐stratified analyses, in addition to the strong effect of HPV, other risk factors identified were sexual intercourse with multiple partners before the age of 20 and low socio‐economic status. Use of oral contraceptives for 5 or more years and high parity were also found to be related to cervical cancer. Screening was rare in this population but offered substantial protection against cervical cancer. In Morocco, cervical cancer is a late sequel of a viral infection with certain HPV types. Developing screening programs for preneoplastic cervical lesions is a public health priority. When available, HPV vaccination would offer a relevant alternative for preventing cervical cancer. Int. J. Cancer 75:546–554, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of N-acetylcysteine on nuclear factor-&kgr;B activation, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in patients with sepsis*

ObjectiveExpression of inflammatory mediators is controlled in part at the transcriptional level via nuclear factor-&kgr;B. Inhibition of nuclear factor-&kgr;B activation may be beneficial in critically ill patients. N-acetylcysteine is an antioxidant that inhibits nuclear factor-&kgr;B activation in vitro. In this pilot study we investigated the effect of N-acetylcysteine on nuclear factor-&kgr;B activation and circulating cytokine and adhesion molecules in patients with sepsis. DesignProspective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. SettingEight-bed intensive care unit in a university teaching hospital. PatientsTwenty consecutive patients within 12 hrs of fulfilling the consensus criteria for sepsis. InterventionsA bolus of 150 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine in 100 mL of 0.9% saline over 15 mins, then 50 mg/kg in 100 mL of 0.9% saline over 4 hrs as a loading dose, and then a maintenance infusion of 50 mg/kg in 200 mL of 0.9% saline over each 24-hr period for a total of 72 hrs, or an equivalent volume of saline. Measurements and Main ResultsNuclear factor-&kgr;B activation was measured in mononuclear leukocytes using electrophoretic mobility shift assay, at baseline and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs later. Activation decreased significantly in patients treated with N-acetylcysteine (p = .016) but not placebo and was significantly reduced at 72 hrs compared with both preinfusion values (p = .028) and patients receiving placebo (p = .01). Plasma interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 concentrations were measured using enzyme immunoassay. Interleukin-6 concentrations were high initially and then decreased in all patients, regardless of whether they received N-acetylcysteine or placebo. Interleukin-8 decreased significantly only in those who received N-acetylcysteine (p = .0081). Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 concentrations remained unchanged in all patients. ConclusionsAdministration of N-acetylcysteine results in decreased nuclear factor-&kgr;B activation in patients with sepsis, associated with decreases in interleukin-8 but not interleukin-6 or soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. These pilot data suggest that antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine may be useful in blunting the inflammatory response to sepsis. Further studies are warranted.
Existing Knowledge, Knowledge Creation Capability, and the Rate of New Product Introduction in High-Technology Firms

A field study of top management teams and knowledge workers from 72 technology firms demonstrated that the rate of new product and service introduction was a function of organization members’ ability to combine and exchange knowledge. We tested the following as bases of that ability: the existing knowledge of employees (their education levels and functional heterogeneity), knowledge from member ego networks (number of direct contacts and strength of ties), and organizational climates for risk taking and teamwork.
The Ischemic Penumbra: A New Opportunity for Neuroprotection

The development of acute stroke therapies has yielded only limited success and many failures in multiple clinical trials. The target of acute stroke therapy is that portion of the ischemic region that is still potentially salvageable, i.e. the ischemic penumbra. Neuroprotective drugs have the potential to prevent a portion of the ischemic penumbra from evolving into infracted tissue and designing trials that target neuroprotective drugs at patients with persistent penumbra should enhance the likelihood of a positive outcome. Currently, diffusion and perfusion MRI has the potential to approximate the location and persistence of the ischemic penumbra and can be used in clinical trials to select appropriate patients for inclusion and to evaluate a meaningful treatment effect. Perfusion CT may also have similar capabilities. Use of these imaging modalities in clinical trials and ultimately in clinical practice will likely help in the development and utilization of novel neuroprotective drugs.
An update on regional brain volume differences associated with mood disorders

Purpose of review Structural brain changes are apparent in some magnetic resonance imaging studies of patients with mood disorders, but results are inconsistent. The focus of this review is to examine whether there are demographic or clinical characteristics of people with mood disorders that are associated with regional brain volume changes. A systematic search of the literature in English, from January 2004 to July 2005, was performed on MEDLINE. References cited in all reports were searched iteratively to identify missing studies. Recent findings Recent studies have focused on factors that might help to reconcile the divergent reports of regional brain volume changes in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Small hippocampal volumes are apparent in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder, but not generally reported early in the course of adult onset depression. Small hippocampal volumes may be apparent in patients with childhood onset illness. Small hippocampal volumes are infrequently reported in bipolar disorder, but studies to date have not accounted for illness history or treatment status. Changes in amygdala volumes are inconsistently reported in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. There are relatively fewer reports of other brain regions, including the areas of the frontal cortex and striatum. An extensive preclinical literature suggests that various psychotropic medications may have neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects, making documentation of treatment history essential. Summary Patients’ age, sex, age at onset of disease, course of illness and treatment status may affect the detection of regional brain volume changes in people with mood disorders.
D-cycloserine augmentation of cognitive behavioral group therapy of social anxiety disorder: prognostic and prescriptive variables.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to identify individual characteristics that (a) predict symptom improvement with group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD; i.e., prognostic variables) or (b) moderate the effects of d-cycloserine (DCS) versus placebo augmentation of CBT for SAD (i.e., prescriptive variables). METHOD Adults with SAD (N = 169) provided Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale scores in a trial evaluating DCS augmentation of group CBT. Rate of symptom improvement during therapy and posttreatment symptom severity were evaluated using multilevel modeling. As predictors of these 2 parameters, we selected the range of variables assessed at baseline (demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, personality traits). Using step-wise analyses, we first identified prognostic and prescriptive variables within each of these domains and then entered these significant predictors simultaneously in 1 final model. RESULTS African American ethnicity and cohabitation status were associated with greater overall rates of improvement during therapy and lower posttreatment severity. Higher initial severity was associated with a greater improvement during therapy but also higher posttreatment severity (the greater improvement was not enough to overcome the initial higher severity). DCS augmentation was evident only among individuals low in conscientiousness and high in agreeableness. CONCLUSIONS African American ethnicity, cohabitation status, and initial severity are prognostic of favorable CBT outcomes in SAD. DCS augmentation appears particularly useful for patients low in conscientiousness and high in agreeableness. These findings can guide clinicians in making decisions about treatment strategies and can help direct research on the mechanisms of these treatments.