Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Identification of Bacteria Involved in Degradation of Crude Oil

In this present study, bacteria were isolated from soil obtained from oil contaminated mechanic site in Enugu. Out of the 206 forming colonies, 16 colonies were selected based on observable morphological differences and screened for crude oil degraders. Out of the 16 isolates, 11 isolates were assumed to be degraders because they formed maximum clear zones on mineral salt media. At the end of 14 days incubation, 14 out of the 16 isolates degraded the crude oil ranging from 5% to 60%. Isolate 1, 5 and 14 had the highest percentage degradation of 60%, followed by isolate 13 with 50% degradation. Isolate 3 was the least degrader with 5% degradation while isolate 2 and 16 were not able to degrade the crude oil. An attempt to identify the isolates was done by sequencing the 16s rRNA gene of the isolates using DNA sequencing technique. Isolate 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were identified as Escherichia coli, Streptococcu anginosus strain SK52, Lactobacillus spp. G12, Bacillus cereus strain ABc17, Paracoccus spp. KF89 and Lactobacillus spp. G22 respectively. However, isolate 1, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 did not produce any result. This study shows that microorganisms isolated from a non native crude oil contaminated site can be utilized for bioremediation.
Net present value maximization model for optimum cut-off grade policy of open pit mining operations

Cut-off grade is the criterion that discriminates between ore and waste within a given mineral deposit1,2. If material grade in the mineral deposit is above cut-off grade it is classified as ore, and if material grade is below cut-off grade, it is classified as waste. Ore, being the economically exploitable portion of the mineral deposit, is sent to the processing plant for crushing, grinding, and concentration of the metal content. The product of the processing plant is called concentrate, which is fed to the refinery for production of refined metal. Hence, an ideal open pit mining operation consists of three stages i.e. mine, processing plant, and refinery3,4. Long-range production planing of an open pit mining operation is dependent upon several factors; however, cut-off grade is the most significant aspect, as it provides a basis for the determination of the quantity of ore and waste in a given period5. Eventually, the profit over time may be enhanced only by flow of high grade material to the processing plant. This strategy supports the objective function and, depending upon the grade-tonnage distribution of the deposit, higher NPV may be realized during earlier years to recover the initial investment6,7. However, as the deposit becomes depleted, the NPV as well as the cutoff grade decline; hence, cut-off grade policy and the production plan defined as a result of this policy dictate phenomenal influence on the overall economics of the mining operation8,9. The optimum cut-off grades, which are dynamic due to the declining effect of NPV, not only depend on the metal price and cash costs of mining, processing, and refining stages, but also take into account the limiting capacities of these stages and grade-tonnage distribution of the deposit. Therefore, the technique that determines the optimum cut-off grade policy considers the opportunity cost of not receiving future cash flows earlier during mine life, due to the limiting capacities of any of mining, processing, or refining stages10,11. However, metal price and operating costs of mining, processing, and refining change during mine life, and this happens quite often, due to the longer life of most of the open pit mining operations. Ignoring the effect of these changes in the economic parameters on the optimum cut-off grade policy would lead to unrealistic production plans12,13. Further, the declining effect of NPV allows higher cut-off grades in the early years of mine life and lower cut-off grades in the later years, Net present value maximization model for optimum cut-off grade policy of open pit mining operations
Thermo-physical properties of molten Cd-Ga alloys

We report thermodynamic, microscopic and surface properties of Cd-Ga alloys in molten state at 700 K. We use quasi-chemical approximation for the computation of thermodynamic and microscopic properties. For the computation of surface we use Butler’s approach and quas-chemical approach. We also calculate the surface concentration of the individual component.
Document Embeddings for Scientific Publications

While more and more research gets published today, it is consequentially getting harder for humans to keep up with new results at the pace at which they emerge. Even traditional computational methods cannot sufficiently handle such large amount of information which motivates us to utilize state-of-the-art research in order to find such a method that is first and foremost accurate enough to aid researchers in finding relevant literature while at the same time being computationally efficient enough to handle the increasingly larger amounts of data. In this work, we specifically focus on vector space models since they enable us to utilize several efficient geometric computations. We first establish an evaluation framework including several metrics to be able to make a sounds assessment. Then, we explain and evaluate several neural network-based vector space models in the context of scientific publications using our framework. We thereby assembled two novel datasets for both the large-scale multi-domain corpus of Iris AI AS, as well as for the systematic mapping study on autonomous vehicles conducted by Chalmers University of Technology, which serves as an example for a single domain. Lastly, we analyze how well our retrieved vector space models can aid researchers in conducting systematic mappings studies compared to traditional methods. We thereby found that the evaluated approaches strongly vary in their quality. Some performed barely above the random baseline, indicating either a lacking suitability of the method or being due to a lack of sufficient data or optimal hyperparameters. Especially sequential approaches and autoencoders, as well as the combination of the two, yielded surprisingly good results, which make these approaches worth considering for future studies. Apart from the quantitative results of our evaluation framework, we also provided a qualitative solution demonstrating for the autonomous vehicles mapping study how vector space models can provide benefits over traditional topic models.
Implication of Aflatoxin Contamination in Agricultural Products

Aflatoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that contaminate agricultural commodities and can cause sickness or death in humans and animals. Risk of aflatoxin contamination of food and feed in Africa is increased due to environmental, agronomic and socio-economic factors. Temperature, food substrate, strain of the mould and other environmental factors are some parameters that effect mycotoxin production. Preventing mycotoxin production at farm level is the best way to control mycotoxin contamination. Advances in molecular techniques and other decontamination methods such as gamma-irradiation and microwave heating could help to deal with these issues. Mycotoxins could be used as an energy source for a group of aerobic microorganisms, which are suitable to mycotoxin biodegradation. Several protocols have been provided to biodegrade mycotoxins in food and feed using potential bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. However, there are varieties of responses between different microorganisms against mycotoxins. For example, Bacillus brevis were not affected by high concentrations of trichothecene. Application of microorganisms needs to be evaluated from a safety point of view. Application of microorganisms on mycotoxin degradation, food and feed materials also need to be investigated. Further studies need to be conducted to address the seasonal variation of aflatoxin contamination in food and feed. Understanding the seasonal variation could help demonstrate and develop more effective decontamination methods. For example, it is postulated that mycotoxin issues due to monsoons in Hungary could possibly be concluded to technical difficulties in pre- and post-harvest operations. Application of advanced methods such as DNA biosensors and infrared spectroscopy for rapid and accurate detection of mycotoxin and related fungi is increasing dramatically. Application of new and advanced detection techniques could enable the agricultural industry to deal more effectively with the occurrence of aflatoxin contamination.
Child Morbidity and Mortality in Slum Environments along Nairobi River

The problem that guided this study was that child mortality and morbidity disparities continue to be observed in the era of improved expansion of the provision of health care services. Some areas have low mortality and morbidity while others such as the slums of Nairobi have high. Various factors may account for this scenario. On the one hand, this would be because of uneven distribution of health facilities. On the other hand, environmental factors may be the major contributors to this high rate of morbidity and mortality. Environmental factors have been analysed in the context of socio-economic, socio-cultural and health environments. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the impact of slum environments on morbidity and mortality profile in slum environments along Nairobi River. The main objectives were: first, to assess the influence of environmental factors on child morbidity and mortality, and second, to analyse the influence of the perception and behaviour patterns of slum dwellers on child mortality and morbidity. The data used in this study was collected using in-depth interviews and extensive literature review. The key findings of the study included the fact that poverty is a major factor in child morbidity and mortality. It is because of low-income levels that the families concerned were not able to improve the sanitation that was in turn going to improve the health status of the children. The study therefore recommended that the government should give small loans to slum dwellers, which they can use to start income- generating activities. This can help generate some money that may improve childcare practices.
Multijet matrix elements and shower evolution in hadronic collisions : Wbb̄ + n jets as a case study

We study in this paper the production, in hadronic collisions, of final states with W gauge bosons, heavy quark pairs and n extra jets (with n up to 4). The complete partonic tree-level QCD matrix elements are evaluated using the ALPHA algorithm, and the events generated at the parton level are then evolved through the QCD shower and eventually hadronised using the coherent shower evolution provided by the HERWIG Monte Carlo. We discuss the details of our Monte Carlo implementation, and present results of phenomenological interest for the Tevatron Collider and for the LHC. We also comment on the impact of our calculation on the backgrounds to W (H → bb̄) production, when only one b jet is tagged. CERN-TH/2001-215 August 8, 2001 Presented at the FNAL Workshop on Monte-Carlos for Run 2, April 2001, Batavia, IL. This work was supported in part by the EU Fourth Framework Programme “Training and Mobility of Researchers”, Network “Quantum Chromodynamics and the Deep Structure of Elementary Particles”, contract FMRX–CT98–0194 (DG 12 – MIHT).
Alternative Weighting Schemes in Spatial Analysis of GDP per Capita Convergence

The article analyzes conditional beta convergence in the EU28 countries with the use of spatial econometrics tech niques. We consider alternative structure of the spatial weight matrix based on economic distances. Basing on the spatial Durbin-Watson model, two spatial specifications are tested, which make use of the vo lume of international trade and the inverted GDP per capita differences between the considered objects. We confirm the existence of GDP convergence and show that the gravity- models-type logic is superior to the approach based on inverted geographic distances.
Sexual behaviour of immature male eastern mosquitofish: a way to measure intensity of intra-sexual selection?

Immature males of eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki start to be sexually active well before their copulatory organ (gonopodium) has completely developed and before they become able to transfer sperm. Sexual activity of males, consisting of copulatory attempts tending to bypass female acceptance, is intense (one attempt per minute) and is likely to be energetically very costly. The sexual behaviour of immature males relative to their maturation stage is described and tested against two possible adaptive explanations. Sexual activity was present in males from the beginning of the development of their gonopodium and increased during the following stages of maturation. Two to three weeks before gonopodium development was completed, sexual activity of immatures was as high as that of adults. Adult males showed aggressive behaviour against a male attempting a copulation, irrespective of the maturity of the latter. Since previous studies have shown that the reproductive success in this species is negatively correlated with male size when male–male competition is low (i.e. when the sex ratio is female biased), but decreases with male size when competition is high, the hypothesis was tested that sexual activity of immature males functions as a way to predict their future reproductive success if they mature at a given size. A second hypothesis tested was that precocious sexual experience improves the efficiency of copulatory attempts. Results were more in agreement with the first hypothesis, since size at maturity of males was influenced by the sex ratio experienced during maturation and precocious experience gave very little advantage.
Do shared values promote social cohesion? If so, which? Evidence from Denmark

Social scientists and political theorists often claim that shared values are conducive to social cohesion, and trust and solidarity in particular. Furthermore, this idea is at the heart of what has been labeled the ‘national identity argument’, according to which religious and/or cultural diversity is a threat to the shared (national) values underpinning social cohesion and redistributive justice. However, there is no consensus among political theorists about what values we need to share to foster social cohesion and indeed, for example, nationalists, liberals, and multiculturalists provide different answers to this question. On the basis of a survey conducted in Denmark in 2014, this study empirically investigates the relation between, on the one hand, commitments to the community values of respectively conservative nationalism, liberal nationalism, liberal citizenship, and multiculturalism, and on the other, trust and solidarity. First, we investigate in what ways commitments to these four sets of values are correlated to trust and solidarity at the individual level and, then, whether the belief that others share one’s values is correlated to these aspects of social cohesion for individuals committed to these four sets of values. We find that conservative and liberal nationalism are negatively correlated to our different measures of trust and solidarity, whereas liberal citizenship and (in particular) multiculturalism are positively correlated. In broad terms, this picture remains when we control for a number of socio-economic factors and ideology (on a left-right scale). Finally, individuals who believe that others share their values do not, in general, have higher levels of trust and solidarity. Rather, this belief works in different ways when associated with different sets of community values.
The 1985 México earthquake

This paper includes a bibliographic review with the description of the various aspects about the (Ms = 8.1) Michoacan, Mexico earthquake, which comprised of three events. The main shock of the September 19, 1985 earthquake occurred on Thursday at 7h. 17m. 46.6s. local time in Mexico City, and had (Ms = 8.1). The focus of the event was a depth of approximately 18 km. A second shock occurred on Friday evening 21 September at 7h. 38m. p.m. local time. The last aftershock occurred on 30 April of 1986 (Ms = 7.0). A prior event occurred to the September 1985 earthquake, occurred on 28 May, 1985 (mb = 5.2) and is described too. This event, was a terrible natural disaster for that country, at least 9,500 people were killed, about 30,000 were injured, more that 100,000 were left homeless and severe damage occurred in many parts of Mexico City and several states of central Mexico. According to some sources, It is estimated that the earthquake seriously affected an area of approximately 825,000 square kilometers. This paper describes a summary of the global tectonic setting, genesis and location of the epicenter, an interpretation of the source mechanism and a analyses at these results from some stations that recorded this earthquake and at the same time, a comparison between the two largest earthquake of 1985. Moreover, this paper describes the principal damage resulting and a description of effects from tsunami produced from earthquake. The 1985 Mexico earthquake occurred as a result of slipping in the subduction process between the Cocos and American plates. This was a shallow interplate thrust type event which occurred in the intersection of the Orozco fracture with the Middle American trench.
AEROBIC CAPACITY AND ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE-RECRUIT FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS

Knowledge concerning the young talented female soccer player is lacking. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to identify and establish aerobic capacity and anthropometric characteristics in 32 Norwegian elite-recruit female soccer players and to examine possible aerobic capacity and anthropometric differences between playing positions. Measurements consisted of two standard anthropometric variables as well as the anaerobic threshold (AT) and the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). The results show that the keepers’ running velocity at AT (7.9 ± 1.1 km/h) was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower than that of the midfielders (10.0 ± 0.6 km/h) or the attackers (9.3 ± 1.1 km/h). No VO2max measurement differences were observed between playing positions, and the anthropometric differences were limited to keepers having a higher body mass index (BMI, 24.2 ± 0.5 kg·m) and a lower reciprocal ponderal index (RPI, 41.4 ± 0.6 cm·kg) than either attackers (20.5 ± 2.2 kg·m; 44.1 ± 1.6 cm·kg) or midfielders (20.7 ± 1.9 kg·m; 43.6 ± 1.3 cm·kg) (p ≤ 0.05). Present results indicated similar aerobic capacity in the subject group when compared to previously published findings. However, previous data showed that different playing positions had different physiological demands, but these differences were not reflected in the capacity measures across playing positions presented here. Hence, present findings suggest that the coaching staff should individualize physiological training programs to improve the players’ abilities to cope with the specific demands of the various playing positions on an elite female soccer team.
Efficacy of new generation insecticides against Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and trichogramma pretiosum Riley

The experiment was conducted at Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal during 2014 to investigate the toxic effect of modern insecticides (Spiromesifen, Rynaxypyr, Cyazypyr, Thiacloprid and Tolfenpyrad) on pupal stage of hymenopteran parasitoids. The trial was arranged in Factorial Complete Randomised Design consist of ten treatments excluding control with three replication. The present experiment resulted that the 100 per cent mortality was obtained in application of Tolfenpyrad 15% EC @ on Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and T. pertiosum Riley. All new molecules, spiromesifen, rynaxypyr, cyaxypyr and thaicloprid were observed harmless towards trichogramma species and use as a IPM component. The interaction between insecticidal treatment and parasitoids species was non-significant. The first report of new formulation of rynaxypyr 35 WG was observed harmless effect on T. chilonis and T. petiosum
DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF HYDROGEL-BASED FLEXIBLE MICROVALVES FOR LAB-ON-A-CHIP SYSTEMS

III ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . IV DEDICATION . V TABLE OF CONTENTS . VI LIST OF FIGURES . IX LIST OF TABLES . XII LIST OF EQUATIONS . XIII LIST OF ACRONYMNS . XIV
Longitudinal variability of diazotroph abundances in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean

Diazotrophy-related studies in the North Atlantic have largely focused on its western tropical area, leaving the subtropics and the east undersampled. We studied the longitudinal distribution of Trichodesmium, UCYN-A, UCYN-B, the putative Gammaproteobacterium g-24774A11 and Richelia (Het1) along 24.5 degrees N, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction on different size fractions (10, 10-3 and 3-0.2 mm) and additional filament counts for Trichodesmium. Trichodesmium was the most abundant phylotype, followed by UCYN-A, gamma-24774A11 and Het1, with maximum abundances of 8.8 x 10(5), 2.0 x 10(5), 3.3 x 10(3) and 3.4 x 10(2) nifH copies L-1, respectively, whereas UCYN-B was mostly undetected. A clear shift in the diazotroph community was observed at similar to 30 degrees W, coinciding with the transition between the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre boundary and inner core. This transition zone divided the transect into an eastern half dominated by UCYN-A and western half dominated by Trichodesmium and gamma-24774A11. gamma-24774A11 was only detected in the 10-3 mu m fraction, suggesting their association with larger microbes or aggregates. Our results indicate that typical size fractionation by 10 mu m is not optimal for reconciling diazotroph phylotypes to N-2 fixation rates and that non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs may contribute importantly to bulk diazotrophic activity in the western subtropical North Atlantic.
Assessing the climate impacts of the observed Atlantic multidecadal variability using the GFDL CM2.1 and NCAR CESM1 global coupled models

AbstractThe climate impacts of the observed Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) are investigated using the GFDL CM2.1 and the NCAR CESM1 coupled climate models. The model North Atlantic sea surface temperatures are restored to fixed anomalies corresponding to an estimate of the internally driven component of the observed AMV. Both models show that during boreal summer the AMV alters the Walker circulation and generates precipitation anomalies over the whole tropical belt. A warm phase of the AMV yields reduced precipitation over the western United States, drier conditions over the Mediterranean basin, and wetter conditions over northern Europe. During boreal winter, the AMV modulates by a factor of about 2 the frequency of occurrence of El Nino and La Nina events. This response is associated with anomalies over the Pacific that project onto the interdecadal Pacific oscillation pattern (i.e., Pacific decadal oscillation–like anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere and a symmetrical pattern in the Southern.