Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVIDENCE OF PHENOTYPIC AND SOCIAL ASSORTATIVE MATING FOR ANTHROPOMETRIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN COUPLES FROM THE BASQUE COUNTRY (SPAIN)

This study examined 28 anthropometrical and physiological traits in 107 married couples living in the province of Biscay (Basque Country, Spain). The aim was to verify the existence of a phenotypic and/or social preference when choosing a mate. For this, correlations between pairs of spouses were estimated by maximum likelihood, and a model of familial transmission (path analysis) was applied in order to test if social homogamy between mates existed. The results provide significant evidence of phenotypic as well as social homogamy in several of the studied traits. Even if an assortment existed when choosing a mate for bony traits such as height, the effect of cohabitation cannot be discounted as the main causal factor for the high phenotypic resemblance observed between spouses for body composition traits. In addition, with the social homogeneity of the studied sample, significant evidence of the existence of social homogamy between mates was only found for 20% of the studied variables.
SOURCE SEPARATION OF HUMAN URINE - SEPARATION EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTS ON WATER EMISSIONS, CROP YIELD, ENERGY USAGE AND RELIABILITY

Urine is the waste fraction from households which contains the largest amounts of nutrients. In Sweden it contains approximately 70% of the nitrogen and 50% of the phosphorous and potassium in all household waste and wastewater fractions. During the 1990-ies, urine separation has been thoroughly investigated in waterborne systems in Sweden. Measurements have shown that between 50% and 85% of the urine has been source separated, depending on the motivation and dedication of the inhabitants.
Subsequent endometrial carcinoma with adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in Japanese breast cancer patients

Abstract. Nishimura N, Hachisuga T, Saito T, Kawarabayashi T. Subsequent endometrial carcinoma with adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in Japanese breast cancer patients. This study aimed to detail the clinicopathologic features of endometrial carcinomas that developed in Japanese patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen treatment for breast cancer patients. Ten endometrial carcinomas in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients were collected from two medical centers. The endometrial carcinomas included two stage Ia, four stage Ib, two stage Ic and two stage IIIc. Three tumors were Grade 1, six were Grade 2, and one was Grade 3. The tumor was limited to the endometrium in two cases. Myometrial invasion was limited to the inner half of the myometrium in five cases and involved the outer half in three. A mild degree of lymphovascular space invasion was identified in five cases. Deep cervical invasion was recognized in one case. The cell types comprised nine endometrioid adenocarcinomas and one serous carcinoma. Five of eight postmenopausal endometrial carcinomas were associated with polypoid endometrial lesions composed of cystically dilated atrophic and proliferative glands widely separated by fibrotic stroma. Two patients with retroperitoneal lymph node metastases died of endometrial cancer. One patient developed a contralateral breast cancer during tamoxifen treatment. No patient died of breast cancer. We did not demonstrate a higher frequency of either high-grade tumors or unfavorable histologic subtypes in tamoxifen-treated Japanese breast cancer patients.
Structure of the Visual Array and Saccadic Latency: Implications for Oculomotor Control*

Subjects were required to look saccadically at single targets selected from one- or two-dimensional arrays of different numbers of possible alternative targets. Saccadic latencies varied with the direction but not the distance of the target, with practice and with individual subject. The effect of number of alternatives was complex, and it is suggested that an important factor influencing saccadic latency is not the number of targets per se but the number of possible directions in which a saccade may have to go.
Gelir ve Mutluluk: Gelir Karşılaştırmasının Etkisi

Bu calismanin amaci, gelir ve mutluluk arasindaki iliskide gelir karsilastirmasinin etkisini Turkiye orneklemi uzerinde incelemektir. Arastirmanin verisi, Turkiye Istatistik Kurumu tarafindan 2012 yilinda gerceklestirilen Yasam Memnuniyeti Arastirmasi’ndan elde edilmistir. Bu arastirmaya katilan 7956 kisi arastirmanin orneklemini olusturmaktadir. Calismanin amaci kapsaminda, bireylerin mutluluklari uzerinde gelirin ve gelir karsilastirmasinin tek tek etkisi ve birlikte etkisinin (interaction) belirlenmesi amaciyla hiyerarsik regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Analiz sonuclarina gore, bireyler baskalarina gore kendi refah duzeyi algilamasinda yukseldikce, gelirin mutluluk uzerindeki etkisi zayiflamaktadir. Bu bulgular, yuksek refah duzeyi algilamasi durumlarinda bile bireylerin mutlu olamadiklarini ortaya koymasi acisindan onem arz etmektedir.
Local disruption of the insulin-like growth factor system in the arthritic joint.

OBJECTIVE To identify differences in levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and IGF binding proteins (IG-FBPs) between 30 patients with arthritis (14 with rheumatoid arthritis [RA], 16 with osteoarthritis [OA]) and 11 normal control subjects. IGF and IGFBP levels were correlated to the disease activity marker C-reactive protein (CRP) to determine whether they were disease related. We also examined the degree of proteolytic modification of the IGFBPs. METHODS Radioimmunoassays were used for measuring IGF and IGFBP-3 levels; CRP was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting, chemiluminescence, and autoradiography were used for visualizing binding proteins. RESULTS There was a significant increase in synovial fluid levels of both IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in both RA and OA. This resulted in an elevated IGFBP-3 to IGF molar ratio of 1.49 in the OA group and 1.47 in the RA group, compared with 0.86 in the normal control group (P = 0.0002 for both). A significantly lower degree of IGFBP-3 proteolysis was also seen in the synovial fluids from the patients compared with the controls. There were significant correlations between the CRP level and levels of IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGFBP-3 in the RA patients (r = 0.62-0.898, P = 0.04-0.0007). CONCLUSION There was significant local disruption of the IGF system in patients with arthritis. This may result in a lower amount of IGF that is able to bind to IGF receptors in the arthritic joint. Levels of IGF-1 IGF-2, and IGFBP-3 all correlated with the CRP level in patients with RA, which indicates the possibility that the IGF system is involved in the disease process.
A Comparison of Small-Side Games and Interval Training on Same Selected Physical Fitness Factors in Amateur Soccer Players

Problem statement: Soccer is a team sport with an intermittent nature in which the athletes need to improve their physical fitness and skill factors in order to engage in high intensity exercises. The aim of this study was a comparison of small-side game and interval training on some selected physical fitness in amateur soccer players. Approach: Twenty , soccer players (height 165.34±4.75 cm, weight 58.5±5.22 kg , age 15.7± 0.7 years), were randomly selected and assigned to two groups (intermittent training, specific training in form of Small-Side Game (SSG)) 3 times a week for 6 weeks. The intensity of two training programs was similar according to heart rate (70-95% HR max, progressively and time (4 bouts of 4 min at 70% -95% of maximum heart rate with 3 min active rest periods). For measuring the above variables 12-min running test and RAST test were used, respectively. Data analysis by independent and dependent T test, the level of significance in all statistical analyses was set at p≤0.05. Results: Results showed that the 6-week training of both groups significantly increased in all the variables, (Vo2 max, maximum power, minimum power, average power and RSA variable). Conclusion: according to the results of the study, it is recommended to employ specific training in preparatory programs (especially, of in-season), because such training, in a similar amount of time improve the same physical fitness factors of amateur soccer players and they are applicable in soccer players.
A Comparison of Gene Expression of Decorin and MMP13 in Hypertrophic Scars Treated With Calcium Channel Blocker, Steroid, and Interferon: A Human-Scar-Carrying Animal Model Study

BACKGROUND The formation of hypertrophic scaring (HSc) is an abnormal wound-healing response. In a previous study, an animal model with human scar tissue implanted into nude mice (BALB/c) has been successfully established. The effects of verapamil as well as combination therapy with verapamil and kenacort have been studied and compared. OBJECTIVE To treat persistent hypertrophic scars, local injection of drugs composed of steroids, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and interferon might be a good method. What is the best dose of the regimen and what are the mechanisms are also a worthwhile study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scar specimens were harvested from patients with HSc or Keloid resulting from burn injury, and then implanted to BALB/c-nu nude mice for 4 weeks. Before implantation, the specimen was either injected with or without drugs such as steroids (kenacort), CCBs (verapamil), and interferons (INF&agr;2b), respectively. After the removal of implants, quantitative gene expressions of decorin and collagenase (MMP13) were measured using a real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect their mRNAs. Two way-ANOVA and Post Hoc were used for statistical analysis using the software SPSS 15.0. RESULTS All drug-treated groups increased the expressions of decorin and MMP13 in comparison with those in noninjected group (p < .001) in a dose-dependent manner. Comparing equal amounts of individual drugs, gene expression of decorin was increased with increasing injection amount, and the best result in low amount of injection (0.02 mL of each) was shown in the group injected with INF&agr;2b followed by kenacort and verapamil. However, the results were changed while injection amount was up to 0.04 mL and the strongest decorin gene expression was found in kenacort injection. Regarding MMP-13 expression, low-amount injection (0.02 mL) of INF&agr;2b has strongest gene expression followed by kenacort and verapamil, but in the large-amount regimes (0.04 mL), verapamil had strongest gene expression followed by INF&agr;2b and kenacort. CONCLUSION This study showed that the kenacort, verapamil, and INF&agr;2b all inhibited HSc in a dose-dependent manner through the evidence of gene expression of decorin and MMP13. In comparison with the injections between small amounts of drugs, INF&agr;2b potentiated the strongest decorin and MMP13 expression. On the contrary, among the large-amount injection regimes, kenacrot was more effective on decorin expression as verapamil to MMP13 expression. To decrease side effects from the drugs and produce promising results for the clinical practice, it is suggested to maintain the dose of INF&agr;2b along with an increased dose of verapamil for HSc improvement.
Evidence from regression‐discontinuity analyses for beneficial effects of a criterion‐based increase in alcohol treatment

Brief interventions effectively reduce alcohol problems; however, it is controversial whether longer interventions result in greater improvement. This study aims to determine whether an increase in treatment for people with more severe problems resulted in better outcome. We employed regression‐discontinuity analyses to determine if drinking driver clients (n = 22,277) in Ontario benefited when they were assigned to a longer treatment program (8‐hour versus 16‐hour) based on assessed addiction severity criteria. Assignment to the longer16‐hour program was based on two addiction severity measures derived from the Research Institute on Addictions Self‐inventory (RIASI) (meeting criteria for assignment based on either the total RIASI score or the score on the recidivism subscale). The main outcome measure was self‐reported number of days of alcohol use during the 90 days preceding the six month follow‐up interview. We found significant reductions of one or two self‐reported drinking days at the point of assignment, depending on the severity criterion used. These data suggest that more intensive treatment for alcohol problems may improve results for individuals with more severe problems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the directional reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels in Frequency Division Duplex systems

The possibility of using the channel reciprocity between the uplink and downlink channels in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems to improve the efficiency has been deeply investigated. Previous studies have come to different conclusions for the characterization of the dissimilarity in uplink and downlink channel properties. This paper analyzes the mismatch in directional properties of the uplink and downlink channels of FDD systems based on the power of their multipath clusters. At a system level, due to the limited directional resolution, the multipath components arriving at the base station are seen as clusters, rather than individual signal paths. This fact is used to describe the mismatch of directional properties between uplink and downlink. The contribution of this paper is the use of a spectral dissimilarity metric as a measure to characterize this mismatch; a detailed study of this dissimilarity metric is also presented. It is found that under favorable propagation conditions, for both actual channel measurement data and ray-tracing simulations, the directional and power properties of the downlink multipath clusters can be estimated from the uplink channel with high reliability. Therefore, directional-based beamforming transmission techniques for FDD systems will be able to benefit from such similarity in order to improve the system performance.
Assessment and management of cannabis use disorders in primary care

#### Summary points About a third of adults in the UK have tried cannabis, and 2.5 million people, mostly 16-29 year olds, have used it in the past year.1 Although most people who smoke cannabis will develop neither severe mental health problems nor dependence, regular use of cannabis may be associated with a range of health, emotional, behavioural, social, and legal problems, particularly in young, pregnant, and severely mentally ill people.2 3 The past decade has seen a shift in available cannabis preparations from resinous “hash” to intensively grown high potency herbal preparations, often referred to as skunk, which now dominates the UK market.4 Compared with traditional cannabis preparations, skunk tends to have higher levels of tetrahydrocannabinol, the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, and lower levels of the anxiolytic cannabinoid cannabidiol. In January 2009 cannabis was returned to its original class B classification (from class C) under the UK Misuse of Drugs Act. Despite high levels of use, only 6% of those seeking treatment for substance misuse in England cite cannabis as their …
Sox2 targets cyclinE, p27 and survivin to regulate androgen‐independent human prostate cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis

Sox2 is a major transcription factor and the transforming growth factor‐α (TGF‐α)/EGFR autocrine loop is a hallmark of prostate cancer progression. In this study, we have evaluated the effects and potential mechanisms of Sox2 on cell proliferation and apoptosis, and investigated effects of TGF‐α on expression of Sox2 on androgen‐independent human prostate cancer cells.
Analyzing children's expectations from robotic companions in educational settings

The use of robots as educational partners has been extensively explored, but less is known about the required characteristics these robots should have to meet children's expectations. Thus the purpose of this study is to analyze children's assumptions regarding morphology, functionality, and body features, among others, that robots should have to interact with them. To do so, we analyzed 142 drawings from 9 to 10 years old children and their answers to a survey provided after interacting with different robotic platforms. The main results convey on a gender-less robot with anthropomorphic (but machine-like) characteristics.
Primary intracranial lymphomas

Background: Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), a rare form of aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), has increased in incidence during the last three decades and occurs in both immune compromised and immune competent hosts. It has an overall poor prognosis. Objective: This study attempts to further delineate the clinico-pathological, immunohistochemical and radiological profile of PCNSL at Jeddah to King Faisal Hospital and Research Center. Methods: Computerized search through the archives of King Faisal Hospital and Research Centre between July 2000- December 2012 identified 15 patients with pathologically confirmed PCNSL.These were analyzed retrospectively. Their clinico-pathological, immunohistochemical and radiological data were analyzed. Results: Of the 15 PCNSL patients, 8 (53.3%) were females and 7 (46.6%) were males. There was female predilection especially in the age group of 40-59 years. Mean age at diagnosis for all patients was 50.4 years. There was no patient in the pediatric age group. The most common location in the brain was the frontal region in 7 patients (46.6%), 7 (46.6%) had multiple intracranial masses; all 15 (100%) were Non Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas, among which 13 (86.6%) were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. All 15 (100%) cases showed diffuse and strong positivity for CD 45, and CD 20. Fourteen patients were immune competent while one was immune compromised. Conclusions: PCNSL often occurs in middle-aged and aged patients. There is female predilection especially in the middle age. Frontal region is the most common location with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the predominant subtype.
Survival of Bactericidal Antibiotic Treatment by a Persister Subpopulation of Listeria monocytogenes

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes can cause the serious infection listeriosis, which despite antibiotic treatment has a high mortality. Understanding the response of L. monocytogenes to antibiotic exposure is therefore important to ensure treatment success. Some bacteria survive antibiotic treatment by formation of persisters, which are a dormant antibiotic-tolerant subpopulation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether L. monocytogenes can form persisters and how bacterial physiology affects the number of persisters in the population. A stationary-phase culture of L. monocytogenes was adjusted to 108 CFU ml−1, and 103 to 104 CFU ml−1 survived 72-h treatment with 100 μg of norfloxacin ml−1, indicating a persister subpopulation. This survival was not caused by antibiotic resistance as regrown persisters were as sensitive to norfloxacin as the parental strain. Higher numbers of persisters (105 to 106) were surviving when older stationary phase or surface-associated cells were treated with 100 μg of norfloxacin ml−1. The number of persisters was similar when a ΔsigB mutant and the wild type were treated with norfloxacin, but the killing rate was higher in the ΔsigB mutant. Dormant norfloxacin persisters could be activated by the addition of fermentable carbohydrates and subsequently killed by gentamicin; however, a stable surviving subpopulation of 103 CFU ml−1 remained. Nitrofurantoin that has a growth-independent mode of action was effective against both growing and dormant cells, suggesting that eradication of persisters is possible. Our study adds L. monocytogenes to the list of bacterial species capable of surviving bactericidal antibiotics in a dormant stage, and this persister phenomenon should be borne in mind when developing treatment regimens.
Understanding firms compensation policy using fuzzy sets

It has been noted in the literature that firms rarely follow a single theoretical model when designing their compensation policy. This study illustrates how a fuzzy cluster analysis can be helpful in understanding the way employees are rewarded according to firms' specificity and market conditions. For this purpose, we convert linked employer-employee data (LEED) into firm level data prior to fuzzy clustering. Then, we explore the particular distribution of firms on the emerged fuzzy partition to sort them by compensation policy and, eventually, to examine the potential factors behind a specific option.
The effect of perinatal depression treatment for mothers on parenting and child development: A systematic review

Antenatal and postpartum depression are very common and have significant consequences for mothers and their children. This review examines which antenatal depression (AD) and postpartum depression (PPD) treatment interventions are most efficacious in improving parenting and/or child development. CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials, Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsychINFO, PsycARTICLES, AMED, and reference lists were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐experimental studies assessing the effect of AD, PPD, or both treatment interventions on parenting and/or child development were included. Meta‐analysis was conducted using random effects when possible. Thirty‐six trials (within 40 articles) met criteria for review. Interventions include interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), peer support, maternal‐child interaction guidance, and other interventions, such as massage. For AD, IPT, CBT, and massage produced large effects on parenting (e.g. adjustment and attention toward infant) and child development (e.g. behaviour). For PPD, maternal‐child interaction guidance and psychotherapeutic group support produced large effects on parenting (e.g. sense of competence) and child development (e.g. cortisol). However, meta‐analysis revealed nonsignificant effects of IPT on maternal‐child attachment and CBT on parenting stress. Promising findings exist for IPT, CBT, maternal‐child interaction guidance, massage, and psychotherapeutic group support for specific parenting and/or child development outcomes. Additional RCTs using measures already employed in the literature are required to conduct necessary meta‐analysis and fully elucidate treatment effects.
Do Infants Born Very Premature and Who Have Very Low Birth Weight Catch Up With Their Full Term Peers in Their Language Abilities by Early School Age?

Purpose This study examined the extent to which children born preterm (< 37 weeks) and/or who have low birth weight (< 2,500 g) catch up with their full term peers in terms of their language abilities at early school age (≥ 5 to < 9 years). Method A systematic literature search identified empirical studies that fit the inclusion criteria. Data from the tests/questionnaires used for meta-analysis spanned the following language categories: total language score, expressive language, receptive language, pragmatics, phonological awareness, and grammar. The means (standard deviations) were extracted from the studies and were converted to mean difference and 95% confidence intervals to test for overall effect. Results Sixteen studies met the inclusionary criteria, for a total of 2,739 participants, of which 1,224 were born full term and 1,515 were born preterm. It is important to note that the preterm cohort represented very preterm infants who have a very low birth weight. The meta-analysis found that preterm infants scored significantly worse on total language (p < .001), receptive language (p < .001), expressive language (p < .001), phonological awareness (p < .001), and grammar (p = .03) than their full term peers. However, preterm infants did not score significantly worse than their peers on their pragmatics (p = .19). Conclusions Children born VPT and who have VLBW perform worse than their peers on their total language, receptive language, expressive language, phonological awareness, and grammar abilities by early school age. This information is important for speech-language pathologists to consider as children born prematurely reach school age.