Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Corn Particle Size and Inclusion of Organic Acid in The Diet on Growth Performance and Gastrointestinal Structure in Young Chicks

The effect of 3 corn particle sizes (dgw: 375, 1117, and 2402 µm) combined with or without organic acids (0.3 g/kg of Galliacid S®) was investigated on broilers from day 1 to day 21; 540 1-day old Ross 708 males were raised in 36 pens (3x2 factorial design, 6 blocks each). We measured: body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, liver weight, pH weight and height of empty gizzard, pH and length of intestine and caeca, height and width of ileal villi, crypt depth/gland diameter, total bacteria count. Different corn particle sizes and organic acid supplements only affected feed intake (days 14 and 21), feed conversion ratio (day 14), villus height, and crypt depth. On day 21, fine milling had negative effects on body weights compared with larger feed particle size (816 vs 848 and 844 g); acidic additive had a positive effect on broiler growth (859 vs 813 g). Length of small intestinal villi and crypt depth were affected by both particle size and organic acids (fine to coarse small intestinal villi: 1869a, 1401c, and 1039d µm in non-acidified; 1708b, 1535c, and 942e µm in acidified. Fine to coarse crypt depth: 102ab, 98b; 65c µm in non-acidified; 106a, 70c, and 66c µm in acidified). No difference was observed in total bacteria counts of the gut in relation to the different treatments. Use of organic acids during starter phase is useful, especially when the milling process is inappropriate.
Assemblages of drosophilids (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in mangrove forests: community ecology and species diversity

Brazilian fauna of drosophilids has been researched in various ecosystems, but those in mangrove forests remain overlooked in Brazil and elsewhere. The present study attempts to characterise the assemblages of drosophilids of this environment, based on 28 collections taken in three mangrove areas in Santa Catarina Island, southern Brazil. The three mangroves surveyed were different in their surroundings, which varied from highly urbanised areas to conservation areas with natural vegetation. Overall, 69 species were collected, and no remarkable difference was detected in species composition and abundances or in the richness, evenness and heterogeneity between sites. The species abundance distribution observed fitted to a theoretical lognormal distribution in the three mangroves. The species richness scored and the performance of the species richness estimators showed an unexpectedly high diversity, considering the very low floristic diversity and the harsh conditions of the environment. Regarding species composition and abundances, the drosophilid mangrove assemblages were shown to be more similar to those found in open environments, with a marked dominance of exotic species. Finally, considering the apparent lack of feeding and breeding sites, we suggest that mangrove forests are acting as sink habitats for the drosophilids populations.
Update on the X-Ray Variability Plane for Active Galactic Nuclei: The Role of the Obscuration

Scaling relations are the most powerful astrophysical tools to set constraints on the physical mechanisms of astronomical sources and to infer properties that cannot be accessed directly. We reinvestigate here one of these scaling relations in active galactic nuclei (AGNs); the so-called X-ray variability plane (or mass–luminosity timescale relation). This relation links the power-spectral density (PSD) break frequency with the super-massive black hole (SMBH) mass and the bolometric luminosity. We used the available XMM-Newton observations of a sample of 22 AGNs to study the PSD and spectra in short segments within each observation. This allows us to report for the first time that the PSD break frequency varies for each object, showing variations in 19 out of the 22 AGNs analyzed. Our analysis of the variability plane confirms the relation between the break frequency and the SMBH mass and finds that the obscuration along the line of sight NH (or the variations on the obscuration using its standard deviation, ΔNH) is also a required parameter, at least for the range of frequencies analyzed here ( ). We constrain a new variability plane of the following form: (or ). The X-ray variability plane found by McHardy et al. is roughly recovered when we use unobscured segments. We speculate that this behavior is well explained if most of the reported frequencies are related to inner clouds (within 1 pc), following Kepler orbits under the gravitational field of the SMBH.
PARTICULARIDADES DO TRABALHO DO ENFERMEIRO NO SERVIÇO DE ATENDIMENTO MÓVEL DE URGÊNCIA DE BELO HORIZONTE

Fue realizado un Estudio de Caso descriptivo y cualitativo que objetivo conocer la percepcion de enfermeros sobre su trabajo en el Servicio de Atencion Movil de Urgencias. Los sujetos fueron 12 enfermeros y los datos fueron recolectados a traves de entrevistas y sometidos al analisis de contenido. Los resultados muestran como aspectos positivos del trabajo: el dinamismo y la capacidad de resolucion del servicio, su visibilidad en la red de salud, ejecucion de las actividades de asistencia y la satisfaccion en el trabajo. Los negativos implican: el poco conocimiento de la poblacion acerca de la organizacion y el funcionamiento del Servicio, la exposicion a los factores de riesgos ambientales y fisicos, violencia en los barrios bajos en el momento del servicio y problemas de recepcion de los pacientes en unidad de salud fija. Se puede observar que los aspectos positivos estan relacionados con el contenido del trabajo y su proposito y los negativos con las condiciones del trabajo.
Supply chain integration scales validation and benchmark values

Purpose: The clarification of the constructs of the supply chain integration (clients, suppliers, external and internal), the creation of a measurement instrument based on a list of items taken from earlier papers, the validation of these scales and a preliminary benchmark to interpret the scales by percentiles based on a set of control variables (size of the plant, country, sector and degree of vertical integration). Design/methodology/approach: Our empirical analysis is based on the HPM project database (2005-2007 timeframe). The international sample is made up of 266 plants across ten countries: Austria, Canada, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden and the USA. In each country. We analized the descriptive statistics, internal consistency testing to purify the items (inter-item correlations, Cronbach’s alpha, squared multiple correlation, corrected item-total correlation), exploratory factor analysis, and finally, a confirmatory factor analysis to check the convergent and discriminant validity of the scales. The analyses will be done with the SPSS and EQS programme using the maximum likelihood parameter estimation method. Findings: The four proposed scales show excellent psychometric properties. Research limitations/implications: with a clearer and more concise designation of the supply chain integration measurement scales more reliable and accurate data could be taken to analyse the relations between these constructs with other variables of interest to the academic l fields. Practical implications: providing scales that are valid as a diagnostic tool for best practices, as well as providing a benchmark with which to compare the score for each individual plant against a collection of industrial companies from the machinery, electronics and transportation sectors. Originality/value: supply chain integration may be a major factor in explaining the performance of companies. The results are nevertheless inconclusive, the vast range of results obtained are due, amongst other things, to the fact that there is no exactness to the group of scales used, no-one has yet published an analysis of the measurement models nor clear benchmarks as to the variety of the scales used.
Quality sorting across export markets: Alchian-Allen effects and the role of asymmetric tastes

The Alchian-Allen hypothesis postulates that due to per unit trade costs the relative demand for high-quality goods is increasing in distance. We propose a modified version of this hypothesis for the quality of goods, as perceived by domestic consumers: the relative demand for high-quality goods is increasing in the proximity in tastes, i.e. depends on how well domestic and foreign tastes accord. Based on firm-product level data on trade and production in the Danish Chocolate and confectionery industry, we infer domestic perceived product quality. We use these quality estimates to explain export market participation and export volumes across destinations. Domestic quality perceptions have a significantly higher effect on a product’s export performance if the destination market is similar to the home market in terms of culture and income.
The Association Between Science Summer Camps and Career Interest in Science and Engineering

This study addresses the association between middle-school students' reported participation in science summer programmes and their reported expectation of a career in science and engineering. Data were collected on 1,580 students from eight middle schools in five states, applying an accelerated longitudinal design. Two consecutive cohorts were sampled over a two-year period time. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between students' participation in science summer camps and their career interest in science and engineering while initial career interest and background information were considered. Results indicate that students who participated in science summer camps before or in the first year of the study, compared to students who did not, are significantly more likely to report science and engineering as their future career field in the second year of the study. It appears that students who once participated in science summer camps were more likely to later report a career interest in the science and engineering fields.
PSYCHOSOCIAL PREDICTORS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ADJUSTMENT TO SCHOOL

The study investigates the psychosocial predictors of secondary school students adjustment to school in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State Nigeria. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted correlational design. A sample of 452 SS2 students was drawn from the population through stratified random sampling technique. Two instruments were used for data collectionPsychoSocial Predictor Scale (PPS) and School Adjustment Scale (SAS) which were developed by the researchers. The instruments were validated by experts in Educational Psychology, Measurement and Evaluation. The reliability coefficient of PPS subsections were 0.76, 0.68 and 0.71 respectively for self-concept, emotional intelligence and peer group while SAS had 0.82 reliability coefficient. All reliabilities were obtain via Cronbach Alpha technique. The results of the simple linear regressions and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) show that self-concept significantly predicted secondary school students’ adjustment to school while emotional intelligence and peer group do not. In terms of the relative effects of the psychosocial factors, self-concept was found to be most effective, followed by emotional intelligence and lastly peer group. Based on the findings, recommendations were made including that parents, teachers and counsellors should provide the students adequate orientation towards development of positive self-concept and self-confidence.
An empirical mechanistic framework for heat-related illness

A physiologically based, mechanistic framework was developed to understand key risk factors associated with adverse health effects from heat waves. The framework consists of a number of integrated transdisciplinary modules. Environmental conditions and behavioral responses link to a physiological model, which predicts core temperature. Core temperature over time is then converted into a time-at-temperature metric. The output of the framework is a heat-related health effects index (HEI), reflecting the potential relative severity of the heat stress on health. The framework is flexible, allowing the individual models to be adapted to conditions at specific locations and to be updated as new information becomes available. Scenario analyses are easily accommodated, enabling the framework to evaluate issues such as intervention strategies and the possible effects of global climate change on heat-related illnesses. The framework and an initial set of component models were applied to conditions during the 1995 Chicago event and the results compared with published stud- ies. For individuals, there was reasonably good agreement between HEI ratios and actual mortality risk ratios when comparing indoor versus outdoor environments. When aggregating across popula- tions, predicted HEI ratios were significantly smaller than actual mortality ratios when comparing healthy versus compromised populations, supporting the notion that mortality may not be the best indicator of heat stress effects. Future work should include refinement of the initial models and appli- cation to other cities and heat events.
The Impact of Restatements on Bank Loans: Evidence from the Supply Chain

We investigate whether financial restatements announced by peer firms, suppliers, or customers influence the interest rate a borrower receives from lenders. A restatement by a peer firm (within the same industry) increases a borrower"s loan spread by an a verage of six basis points, after controlling for other factors including firm size, leverage, and default risk. This effect becomes more pronounced if the borrower operates in a relatively non-concentrated industry or the peer restatement involves revenue recognition issues. Restatements announced in a major customer industry also increase the loan spread of the borrowing firm by seven basis points, while supplier restatements impact loan spread only in the most severe cases. We are the first to document that restatements influence the loan contracting terms of other (non-restating) firms. Our results also shed light on the extent to which lenders utilize information from along the supply chain when setting contract terms.
FROM: Large-scale Earth Structure from Analyses of Free Oscillation Splitting and Coupling

Since departures from spherical symmetry are small (particularly in the deep Earth), it is useful to consider an approximate Earth model which is spherically symmetric, non-rotating, and elastically isotropic. Departures from this state (anelasticity, anisotropy, rotation and three-dimensional structure) are supposed sufficiently small that they can be treated by perturbation theory. The model is assumed to be initially quiescent and in a state of hydrostatic equilibrium. The equations governing the small oscillations of such a body are given by:
Doe Productivity of Boerawa Goat on Rural Condition

Abstract . This research was carried out at Gisting sub-District, Tanggamus Regency, in order to find out doe productivity of Boerawa goat on rural on condition. This research involved 120 doe Boerawa goat housed in elevated barns. Measurements were performed to evaluate the litter size, birth weight, weight at weaning, and pre-weaning mortality. The results of the present research showed that birth weight of the kids was 3.10 kg and 2.94 kg for male and female, respectively. The average birth weight was based on the type of birth 3.20 kg and 3.04 kg for the single versus twin born kids. It was documented that the average weight at weaning of the kids were 17.12 kg and 16.23 kg for male and female, respectively. Whereas based on birth type, the average weight was of the single born kids and the twin at weaning were 17.30 versus 16.63 kg. In addition, doe reproduction index was 2.36 weaned kids/year, and the average doe productivity was 41.52 kg. Keywords : Boerawa goat, doe productivity, rural condition. Abstrak . Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Gisting Kabupaten Tanggamus, dalam rangka untuk mengetahui produktivitas induk kambing Boerawa pada kondisi pedesaan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 120 induk kambing Boerawa yang dipelihara di kandang panggung. Pengukuran dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi ukuran jumlah cempe sekelahiran, bobot lahir, bobot sapih, dan kematian pra-sapih. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bobot lahir cempe adalah 3,10 kg dan 2,94 kg (masing-masing untuk jantan dan betina). Bobot lahir rata-rata didasarkan pada tipe kelahiran tunggal dan kembar adalah masing-masing 3.20 kg dan 3,04 kg. Diperoleh hasil bahwa bobot sapih adalah 17,12 kg dan 16,23 kg (masing-masing untuk jantan dan betina). Sedangkan berdasarkan tipe kelahiran, bobot sapih rata-rata dari tipe kelahiran tunggal dan kembar adalah 17.30 dan 16.63 kg. Selain itu, indeks reproduksi induk sebesar 2,36 cempe sapihan/tahun, dan produktivitas induk rata-rata adalah 41,52 kg. Kata kunci : Kambing Boerawa, produktivitas induk , kondisi pedesaan. K Adhianto et al./Animal Production 15(1):31-39, January 2013
The importance of considering depth-resolved photochemistry in snow: a radiative-transfer study of NO2 and OH production in Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) snowpacks

Abstract Solar visible radiation can penetrate 2–30 cm (e-folding depth) into snowpacks and photolyse nitrate anions and hydrogen peroxide contained in the snow. Photolysis rate coefficients, J, for NO3 − and H2O2 photolysis are presented for a melting and a fresh snowpack at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Calculations of (a) transfer velocities, υ, and molecular fluxes of gaseous NO2 from the snowpack and (b) depth-integrated production rates of OH radicals within the snowpack are presented. The results show the importance of considering the depth dependence, i.e. not just the snow surface, when modelling snowpack photochemistry. Neglecting photochemistry under the snow surface can result in an apparent larger molecular flux of NO2 from NO3 − photolysis than the melting snowpack. However, when the depth-resolved molecular fluxes of NO2 within the snowpack are calculated, a larger NO2 flux may be apparent in the melting snowpack than the fresh snowpack. For solar zenith angles of 60°, 70° and 80° the modelled molecular fluxes of NO2 from fresh snowpack are 11.6, 5.6 and 1.7 nmol m−2 h−1, respectively, and those for melting snowpack are 19.7, 9.1 and 2.9 nmol m−2 h−1, respectively.
Mind the Gap: Corporate London and the Regional Class Pay Gap

The hidden barriers, or ‘gender pay gap’, preventing women from earning equivalent incomes to men is well documented. Yet recent research has uncovered that, in Britain, there is also a comparable ‘class origin pay gap’ in higher professional and managerial occupations. So far this analysis has only been conducted at the national level and it is not known whether there are significant regional differences within the UK. This paper uses data from the 2014 Labour Force Survey to stage a more spatially-sensitive analysis that examines inter-regional differences in the class pay gap. We find that this ‘class ceiling’ is not at all evenly spatially distributed. Instead it is particularly marked in metropolitan work contexts and especially Inner London, where those in high-status occupations who are not from privileged backgrounds earn, on average, roughly £10,000 less per year than those whose parents were in higher professional and managerial employment. Finally, we inspect the Capital further to reveal that the class pay gap is particularly marked within London’s large private sector firms. Challenging policy conceptions of London as the ‘engine room’ of social mobility, these findings suggest that class disadvantage within high-status occupations is particularly acute in the Capital. The findings also underline the value of investigating inter-regional differences in social mobility, and demonstrate how such analysis can unravel important and previously unrecognized spatial dimensions of class inequality.
Psychiatric comorbidity among community-based, treatment seeking opioid dependents in klang valley

The main objectives in this study were to determine the percentage of psychiatric comorbidity among treatment seeking opioid dependents in Klang Valley. A cross sectional study of opioid dependence patients was conducted between December 2007 and May 2008 at ten community-based drug substitution therapy clinics in Klang Valley. A total of 204 opioid dependence patients participated in the study using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I) as its instruments. The percentage of psychiatric comorbidity among opioid dependents was 43.6%. Major depressive disorder had the highest prevalence at 32.6%, followed by dysthymia at 23.6% and Panic disorder at 14.6%. Psychiatric comorbidity were found to have significant differences (p<0.05) in connection with history of polysubstance abuse, previous history of court sentences (legal status) and family history of psychiatric illnesses. This study showed that the percentage of psychiatric comorbidity is high among the opioid dependents. It highlights the urgent need for the psychiatric comorbidity to be assessed and early intervention is important for this group of patients.
EFFECTS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL>\ PERFORMANCE OF STOCKBROKERS IN THE KENYAN CAPITAL MARKET. BY

This research examined the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms (board size; board composition, chief executive status and internal audit committee) and two financial performance measures (return on equity, ROE, and profit margin, PM), of a sample of nineteen NSE stockbrokerage firms for a period of 2005-2009. The motivation of the study was due to financial scandals around the world and the recent collapse of major financial institutions in the USA, South East Asia, Europe and Kenya that shook investors' faith in the capital markets. In Kenya, the collapse and placement under statutory management of some NSE's stockbrokers, such as Francis Thuo, Nyagah Stockbrokers and Discount Securities, by Capital Markets Authority of Kenya (CMA) raised questions on corporate governance practices in the Kenyan Capital Market and eroded investor confidence in the market. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the effects ? f ,corporate governance practices on financial performance of stockbrokers in the Kenyan capital market. Data was collected through questionnaires and annual reports of NSE stockbrokers and the response rate from questionnaires was 84.2%. The study used multiple regressions method for analysis and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) as a method of estimation. Using panel methodology and OLS as a method of estimation, the results provide evidence of a positive significant relationship between ROE and board size as well as chief executive status. The results further reveal a positive significant relationship between PM and chief executive status. The implication of this is that the board size should be limited to a sizeable limit and that the posts of the chief executive and the board chair should be occupied by different persons. Though the corporate governance practices III stockbrokerage fraternity has shown some improvement, there is need to enhance it for continued growth of investor confidence in the Kenyan capital market. It is therefore recommended that strategic training for board members and senior managers in the area of corporate governance be intensified to promote good corporate governance practices in these institutions.