Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of mtDNA haplotypes of kelp bass tests for sibling-dominated recruitment near marine protected areas of the California Channel Islands

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been heralded as the next important fisheries management tool. Predicted benefits include increased fish biomass, increased species diversity, and enhanced recruitment to the MPA itself, as well as to proximal areas. Whereas MPAs have in fact been shown to increase biomass and species diversity, evidence of enhanced recruitment has yet to be seen. If MPAs are significantly enhancing recruitment, one would expect to see the recruitment dominated by groups of siblings arising from highly productive females predicted to eventually reside in MPAs due to the protection afforded them. If occurring, such sibling-dominated recruitment could be identified by significantly fewer mtDNA haplotypes and significantly fewer singleton hap- lotypes in population samples of recruiting juveniles compared to adult populations. We investigated a new approach for potentially determining whether MPAs might be significantly enhancing recruit- ment to proximal areas of Santa Cruz and the Santa Catalina islands in the California Channel Islands, by seeking evidence of sibling-dominated juvenile recruitment in mitochondrial DNA haplo- type data of the kelp bass Paralabrax clathratus. Our analyses found largely genetically mixed recruitment from the plankton, suggesting that recruitment to the sampled areas was not being mea- surably enhanced from point sources such as the nearby MPAs.
THE INTEGRATED USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Information technology is widely used throughout the international construction industry. Web sites are used for information and publicity purposes and their use in project management as centres of information has been developed over recent years. In this paper the current use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the international construction industry is examined. The development of the construction project chain is examined, its role players identified and the activities carried out throughout the chain described. An overview is given of software available to the international construction industry for these types of activities and its use within the South African industry discussed. The integration of the project chain on a project-by-project basis by the promoter is recommended and the potential benefits are described by referring to economies gained in design-construct and build-operate-transfer contracts. Finally it is argued that ICT can readily be used by the sub-Saharan African construction industry given the low capital investment levels required and the benefits to be gained, the only requirement being the need for investment in ICT education throughout the continent.
Protection intégrée des caféières d'Amérique centrale contre les nématodes

La recherche de cafeiers resistants constitue l'axe central de la protection contre les nematodes en Amerique centrale. Des approches taxinomiques nouvelles ont revele une importante biodiversite au sein des genres Meloidogyne et Pratylenchus, Des resistances aux especes presentes de ces deux genres ont pu etre detectees chez Coffea canephora. Utilise comme porte-greffe, ce materiel assure une protection efficace des plantations de C. arabica. Ces resistances incompletes a determinisme polygenique sont difficilement contournables. Comme leur expression depend neanmoins de l'etat physiologique de la plante, leur exploitation durable requiert une gestion agronomique optimale des cafeieres. (Resume d'auteur)
Dynamics and deformability of α-, 310- and π-helices

Protein structures are often represented as seen in crystals as (i) rigid macromolecules (ii) with helices, sheets and coils. However, both definitions are partial because (i) proteins are highly dynamic macromolecules and (ii) the description of protein structures could be more precise. With regard to these two points, we analyzed and quantified the stability of helices by considering α-helices as well as 310-and π-helices. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed on a large set of 169 representative protein domains. The local protein conformations were followed during each simulation and analyzed. The classical flexibility index (B-factor) was confronted with the MD root mean square flexibility (RMSF) index. Helical regions were classified according to their level of helicity from high to none. For the first time, a precise quantification showed the percentage of rigid and flexible helices that underlie unexpected behaviors. Only 76.4% of the residues associated with α-helices retain the conformation, while this tendency drops to 40.5% for 310-helices and is never observed for π-helices. α-helix residues that do not remain as an α-helix have a higher tendency to assume β-turn conformations than 310-or π-helices. The 310-helices that switch to the α-helix conformation have a higher B-factor and RMSF values than the average 310-helix but are associated with a lower accessibility. Rare π-helices assume a β-turn, bend and coil conformations, but not α-or 310-helices. The view on π-helices drastically changes with the new DSSP (Dictionary of Secondary Structure of Proteins) assignment approach, leading to behavior similar to 310-helices, thus underlining the importance of secondary structure assignment methods.
Transactional leadership and organizational creativity: Examining the mediating role of knowledge sharing behavior

Abstract This study examines the role of transactional leadership in creating the organizational creativity through knowledge sharing behavior between employees and leaders. The study explores the contingent reward as for knowledge sharing for organizational creativity in organization, because many studies have been conducted for encouraging the knowledge sharing through contingent reward system. But this study explores whether contingent reward system through transactional behavior creates organizational creativity. So the data were collected from telecom sector. The total distribution was 360 and questionnaire was collected from 308 but usable questionnaires were 300. For data analysis the CFA and SEM tests were applied. The results showed that transactional leadership and knowledge sharing have positive relationship with creativity, and knowledge sharing is mediating the role between transactional leader and organizational creativity. The theoretical framework will be used for future research of this paper to foster the extrinsic reward as exchange for knowledge sharing and creativity.
Effect of Storage Time, Temperature and Region on the Levels of 1, l ,6-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene and other Volatiles, and on Quality of Weisser Riesling Wines

A survey of the concentration levels of 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) in wines of different cultivars, vintages and regions was conducted. The TDN concentrations of South African Weisser Riesling wines were higher than those from Germany and Italy, and those of other cultivars. The effect of storage time and temperature on free and precursor TDN concentrations, on the concentrations of free trans-vitispirane, some monoterpenes, esters and higher alcohols, and on the quality of Weisser Riesling wines was investigated. Three Weisser Riesling wines from different regions were stored at 15°C and 30°C for four years and one year, respectively. These wines were analysed periodically by gas chromatography and evaluated sensorially. The concentrations of TDN, trans-vitispirane, 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2,6-diol and trans-1,8-terpin, and the intensity of the bottle-aged kerosene-like character increased significantly with ageing. During the same period, significant decreases occurred in the concentrations of diendiol-1, linalool, i-amyl acetate, ethyl caproate, hexyl acetate, 2-phenethyl acetate, hexanol, 2-phenyl ethanol, and in the intensity of young wine character. alpha-Terpineol showed significant increases followed by decreases under the same conditions. These changes in concentrations were more prominent at 30°C than at 15°C storage. The development of the kerosene character in Weisser Riesling wines was restricted to sensorially acceptable levels by storage at 15°C.
The Transition from Pre-Octonionic to Octonionic Gravity and How It May Be Pertinent to a Re-Do of the HUP for Metric Tensors

The quantum gravity problem that the notion of a quantum state, representing the structure of space-time at some instant, and the notion of the evolution of the state, does not get traction, since there are no real “instants”, is avoided by having initial Octonionic geometry embedded in a larger, nonlinear “pilot model” (semi classical) embedding structure. The Penrose suggestion of recycled space time avoiding a “big crunch” is picked as the embedding structure, so as to avoid the “instants” of time issue. Getting Octionic gravity as embedded in a larger, Pilot theory embedding structure may restore Quantum Gravity to its rightful place in early cosmology without the complication of then afterwards “Schrodinger equation” states of the universe, and the transformation of Octonionic gravity to existing space-time is explored via its possible linkage to a new version of the HUP involving metric tensors. We conclude with how specific properties of Octonion numbers algebra influence the structure and behavior of the early-cosmology model. This last point is raised in Section 14, and is akin to a phase transition from Pre-Octonionic geometry, in pre-Planckian space-time, to Octonionic geometry in Planckian space-time. A simple phase transition is alluded to; making this clear is as simple as realizing that Pre-Octonionic is for Pre-Planckian Space-time and Octonionic is for Planckian Space-time. We state that the Standard Model of physics occurs during Planckian Space-time. We also argue that the Standard Model does not apply to Pre Planckian Space-time. This is commensurate with the Octonion number system NOT applying in pre-Planckian space-time, but applying in Plankian space-time. And the last line of Equation (54) gives a minimum time step in pre-Planckian space-time when we do NOT have the Standard Model of physics, or Octonionic Geometry.
Observation of continuum radiations from the Cluster fleet: first results from direction finding

The Cluster fleet offers the first possibility of comparing non-thermal terrestrial continuum radiation from similarly equipped nearby observation points. A very rich data set has already been acquired on the Cluster polar orbit, between 4 and 19 Earth radii geocentric distances, and preliminary analysis has been carried out on these emissions. We focus in this paper on direction finding performed from all four spacecraft as a means to locate the position of the sources of this continuum radiation. Directions are derived from spin modulation properties, under the usual analysis assumptions of the wave vector of the radiation lying in the plane containing the spin axis and the antenna position at electric field minimum. All the spin axes of the four Cluster spacecraft are aligned perpendicular to the ecliptic, thus the aligned spacecraft antenna spin planes provide redundant 2-D views of the propagation path of the radiation and source location. Convincing 2-D triangulation results have been obtained in the vicinity of the source region. In addition, the out of spin plane component of the wave vector reveals itself to a certain extent through directivity characteristics compared at different distances of the spin plane to the ecliptic. The four case events studied (two of them taken near apogee, the other two near perigee) have confirmed general properties derived from previous observations: trapping in the lower frequency range, radiation escaping into the magnetosheath region in the higher frequency range. All propagation directions are compatible with source positions in the plasmapause region, however, at a significant distance from the equator in one case. Our observations have also revealed new properties, like the importance of small-scale density irregularities in the local amplification of continuum radiation. We conclude that more detailed generation and propagation models are needed to fit the observations.
Estimating Treatment Effects with Proxies for Controls

The assumptions underlying the method of matching for identifying average treatment effects are often difficult to justify. The justification that certain observed variables are “proxies” of a sufficient set of conditioning variables is not valid because conditioning on proxies will lead to biased estimates (Battistin and Chesher 2009). In this paper we show that if one takes the proxy argument seriously average treatment effects can still be partially or fully identified. We give conditions for full identification and prove that no normalizations are needed. We propose a method of moments estimation strategy for the fully identified model. We also propose alternative methods for inference in the partially identified case.
Preparation of mango (Mangifera indica L.) wine using a new yeast-mango-peel immobilised biocatalyst system.

Varakumar S. , Naresh K. , Reddy O.V. S. (2012): Preparation of mango (Mangifera indica L.) wine using a new yeast-mango-peel immobilised biocatalyst system. Czech J. Food Sci., 30: 557–566. The preparation of mango wine by yeast-mango peel immobilised biocatalyst system by repeated batch fermentation was conducted and compared to free cells fermentation at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C. The operational stability of the biocatalyst was good as the ethanol concentrations (76.0–96.0 g/l) and productivities (1.53–3.29 g/l/h) were high, showing the suitability of the biocatalyst for even low temperature winemaking. The concentration of ethyl acetate was not above 40 mg/l in all cases, and higher alcohols were low (< 330 mg/l) in wine with immobilised cells indicating an improvement in the product compared to free cells fermentation. Amyl alcohols were proved to be temperature dependent and decreased with the decrease in temperature (262.48–146.83 and 239.74–184.34 mg/l) in the case of fermentation batches with immobilised and free cells, respectively, from 30°C to 15°C. Sensory evaluation revealed fruity aroma (7.9 ± 0.73), fine taste (7.7 ± 0.24), and the overall improved quality of the wines produced by the immobilised system.
Evaluation of Clubroot Resistance in Chinese Cabbage and Its Inheritance in the European Turnip Line ‘IT033820’, a New Genetic Resource

Clubroot caused by the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae is one of the most destructive diseases of Brassica crops. Developing Chinese cabbage cultivars with durable clubroot resistance (CR) is an important goal of breeding programs, which will require new genetic resources to be identified and introduced. In this study, we evaluated resistance to P. brassicae race 4 using 26 Chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis ) cultivars compared to the clubroot-susceptible Chinese cabbage inbred line ‘BP079’ and the clubroot-resistant European turnip (B. rapa ssp. rapifera ) inbred line ‘IT033820’. No symptoms of clubroot disease were found in ‘IT033820’ infected with P. brassicae race 4, whereas the Chinese cabbage cultivars exhibited disease symptoms to various degrees. The Chinese cabbage cultivars that were reported to be clubrootsusceptible were susceptible to P. brassicae race 4; however, seven of the 20 cultivars reported to be clubroot-resistant were susceptible to this race of P. brassicae to varying degrees. Resting spores of P. brassicae were abundant within the infected root tissues of ‘BP079’, as revealed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), but they were not detected in root tissues of ‘IT033820’. Although resting spores were not detected by light microscopy in root tissues of the clubroot-resistant Chinese cabbage cultivar ‘Kigokoro 75’, a few spores were observed by SEM. The F1 hybrids from a cross between ‘IT033820’ and ‘BP079’ showed no disease symptoms, and all BC₁P₁ progenies from a cross between the F1 hybrid and ‘IT033820’ exhibited a resistance phenotype. In the BC₁P₂ population from a cross between the F1 hybrid and ‘BP079’, this trait segregated at a ratio of 3(R):1(S) (χ² = 1.333, p = 0.248) at a 5% significance level. Inoculated BC₁P₂ plants were either highly resistant or highly susceptible to the pathogen, indicating that the CR to race 4 of P. brassicae carried by ‘IT033820’ is dominant. In the F₂ population, this trait segregated at a ratio of 15(R):1(S) (χ² = 0.152, p = 0.696) at a 5% significance level, suggesting that CR in ‘IT033820’ is mainly controlled by two dominant genes. Therefore, ‘IT033820’ represents a promising genetic resource for developing durable CR breeding lines in Chinese cabbage.
M anagement characteristics of beef cattle production in the Northern Plains and Midwest regions of the United States

A comprehensive life cycle assessment of United States beef will provide benchmarks and identify opportunities for improvement. On-going region-specific data collection is characterizing cattle production practices for a more accurate assessment. This study reports production information obtained via online surveys and on-site visits from 2 of 7 regions: the Northern Plains (Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota) and Midwest (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin). Ranch responses (n = 512) represented 1.6% of beef cows maintained in both regions with operation sizes varying from 1 to 12,500 cows. Feedlot responses (n = 120) represented 9.6 and 3.7% of cattle finished in the Northern Plains and Midwest, respectively. Ranch herd sizes increased and stocking rates decreased moving westward. Average animal BW increased from south to north. Also recorded were bull and replacement heifer numbers; housing facilities; feed production and use; and machinery, energy, and labor use. Feedlot characteristics including entering and final BW, background and finish feeding periods, crop area per animal, and labor were similar across the regions, but the Northern Plains reported larger feedlots than the Midwest. Diets were similar across regions except that slightly more distillers grain and less corn were fed in the Northern Plains. Ninety-three percent of feedlots produced most of their feed (corn grain, corn silage, and alfalfa). Cropland producing feed received most of the manure produced, but a few large feedlots reported composting and export. Information gathered provides production system characteristics and inventory for conducting a comprehensive United States beef life cycle assessment.
Sintering of the Tricalcium Phosphate-Titania-Magnesium Fluoride Composites

Titania (TiO 2 ) and magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ) can be mixed with tricalcium phosphate (β‐Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , β‐TCP) to make bioceramic composites, which would combine the biocom‐ patibility of the β‐TCP and the high tribological properties of TiO 2 and MgF 2 for biomedi‐ cal applications. The samples were characterized by different characterization techniques such as physicochemical and mechanical. The sintering of the TCP at various tempera‐ tures (1000, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C) with different percentages of titania (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%) was studied. The performances of the TCP‐TiO 2 composites increase with both the sintering temperature and the amount of titania. The highest values of the composites’ (H = 270 Hv; E = 33.1 GPa and G = 15.7 GPa) were obtained with 40 wt% tita‐ nia at 1200°C. Moreover, the addition of 4 wt% MgF 2 to the TCP‐40 wt% TiO 2 composites leads to better mechanical properties (σ r = 27 MPa; H = 360 Hv; E = 51 GPa and G = 20 GPa) at 1200°C for 1 h. The amelioration of these properties is due to the formation of a new compound and the liquid phase which helps to fill the pores in the microstructure. The obtained performances of the TCP‐TiO 2 ‐MgF 2 composites are similar to those of bone tissue and especially as enamel.
Social Networking Sites Acceptance: The Role of Personal Innovativeness in Information Technology

Current wave of Social Networking Sites (SNS) has become a part of peoples’ daily lives. This study investigates the role of Personal Innovativeness in Information Technology (PIIT), in acceptance of SNS. The theoretical perspective of Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) and PIIT were used to explain the relationships developed in the study. This research is descriptive in nature and is based on primary data collected through self-administered questionnaires, among a sample of 216 undergraduates in Sri Lanka. Findings reconfirmed the relationships in original TAM, enabling to use TAM in SNS context. Further, PIIT significantly predicts the Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) of SNS. However, PIIT did not moderate the relationship between Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Intention to Use (IU) SNS. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings and directions for further research are discussed.
Application of yeasts as biocontrol agents for controlling foliar diseases on sugar beet plants.

Survey of foliar diseases on sugar beet plants during 2008-2009 in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, indicated that sugar beet plants are attacked by some foliar diseases i.e Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora beticola, powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe betae and rust caused by Uromyces betae. Cercospora leaf spot disease was more epidemic followed by powdery mildew, meanwhile rust disease recorded at lowest levels. Five applications by yeasts i.e., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia albicans, Candida sake and commercial biocontrol agent Rhizo-N (Bacillius subtilis) as well as fungicide (Topsin-M 70%) significantly reduced powdery mildew disease incidence on sugar beet than untreated plants. Topsin M-70% was the best treatment, it completely suppressed powdery mildew followed by S. cerevisiae, C. sake and P. albicans, meanwhile Rhizo-N was the highly effective treatment in this respect. Also, all treatments were significantly reduced Cercospora leaf spot incidence on sugar beet than untreated plants. Topsin M-70% was the best and significant treatment followed by C. sake, S. cerevisiae and P. albicans. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that S. cerevisiae highly colonized on leaf surface of sugar beet and adhere itself around mycelium of Erysiphe betae. Sucrose in sugar beet roots was recoded as highly percentage on sugar beet treated by P. albicans followed by Rhizo-N and Topsin M-70% treatments. Topsin M-70% was the best and significantly treatment increased of root weight yields followed by S. cerevisiae then P. albicans and C. sake. On the other hand, Rhizo-N treatment was the lowest treatment increased yields of sugar beet.