Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Framing Malaysia in the News Coverage of Indonesian Television

During the administration period of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), Indonesia-Malaysia relationship became worse due to certain issues. There are three important issues affected relationship between Indonesia-Malaysia—political issue (Ambalat issue), economic issue (Indonesian migrant worker-TKI) and cultural issue (Pendet dance). The question rise up in Indonesia- Malaysia relationship caused by the response and the sensitively from Indonesian which affected by the media framing, included media television. This research is to identify how framing is created and identify the media television framing. This research uses framing analysis of ‘Television News’ model developed from Gamson & Mogdiliani (1989) model and uses the inductive qualitative analysis process developed from the model of Van Gorp (2005/2010). The model refers to the identification method in verbal framing or nonverbal framing with the matrix method. In-depth interviews were conducted to 12 peoples—each four from television stations Metro TV, TV One and TVRI. Each of them consists of a reporter, cameraman, producer and redaction leader. This in-depth interview proposed to know ‘how’ and ‘why’ the verbal and nonverbal framing is done by the stations. Triangulation between framing analysis of ‘television news’ model, in-depth interview and the observation shows that the basic ideology such as nationalism from the media owner affect the media framing on Malaysia. They also emphasize on the nonverbal framing strategy by using camera angle, graphic, cartoon or illustration and sound bite to frame issues related to Malaysia. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016. v7n2s1p45
Health-Related Quality of Life of COPD Patients Attending Outpatient Clinic at Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Introduction: This study measured the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among COPD patients attending outpatient clinic at Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Kuala Lumpur. Materials and Methods: A crosssectional survey was conducted from November 2008 to January 2009 on 99 COPD patients. Subjects were interviewed through socio-demographic and health characteristics. The HRQoL was measured using the SF36v2 questionnaires. Results: Majority of the subjects were above 60 years (64.6%) with mean age of 64.10 ± 11.04 years, male (84.8%), Malays (49.5%), married (74.7%), primary educational level (57.6%), income level below RM1000 (39.4%), ex-smoker (64.6%), moderate COPD (40.4%), 1 to 5 years of illness (62.6%), presence of co-morbidities (65.7%) and satisfi ed with support from caregiver (48.5%). The total mean score for physical health component summary (PCS) was 41.64 ± 7.99 and mental health component summary (MCS) was 46.53 ± 13.21. Conclusion: There were signifi cant differences in PCS for different educational level (p<0.05) and socio-economic status (p<0.01). The MCS were signifi cantly different between ethnicity (p<0.05) and level of satisfaction with support from caregiver (p<0.01). This fi nding provides information that needed focus in healthcare services.
Effect of Gum Arabic as Dietary Supplement for Type II Diabetes in Jabir Abu Aliz Diabetic Center- (Khartoum State)

BACKGROUND : Gum Arabic ( Acacia Senegal ) is a water-soluble dietary fiber considered to be safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration since the 1970s.Recent studies showed the therapeutic action of Gum Arabic. METHODS : It was Quasi-experimental study design. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of regular Gum Arabic ingestion as dietary supplement on accumulative blood glucose (HbA 1c ) and body mass index (BMI) among type II diabetes in Jabir Abu Aliz Diabetic Center in Khartoum. 49 type II diabetes were provided with Gum Arabic at the beginning of the trial and educated to add 60 g/day (divided into two portions 30 gm) to their meals for three months. Food consumption, BMI, and HbA1C were assessed for all the patients before and after the consumption of Gum Arabic for three months. Data was processed using SPSS version (20) and paired t- test was used to determine the effect of Gum Arabic on studied parameters. RESULTS : It showed that regular intake of 60 g/day of Gum Arabic for three months showed slight reduction in BMI for diabetes (no significant difference), and slight change in HbA 1c (no significant difference). This may be due to the fact that majority of the respondents (60%) increased their carbohydrates intake in their daily meals because of winter, also respondents did not abide fully () to consumption of Gum Arabic , where only (32%) of the patients were fully committed to the consumption of Gum Arabic.
Comparing Microfinance and Education for Poverty Reduction – A Macro Perspective

Better access to finance and higher education levels in a country are two major policy areas of governments and international development cooperation organisations for the goal of reducing poverty. Microfinance has become a popular instrument to facilitate access to finance, but comparative evidence on a macro scale is scarce. This thesis examines the relative importance of the two policy areas using an unbalanced panel of 42 countries over the period of 1999 to 2013. As an indicator for microfinance, gross loan portfolio is used and for education, government expenditure on education. As measures of poverty, the poverty headcount ratio, the poverty gap and the squared poverty gap are used. Taking into account education, the effect of microfinance becomes smaller in comparison to previous empirical studies. Generally, the thesis finds a similar effect of the two determinants in absolute terms and on the three of the poverty measures. Education is more robust to different regression strategies. From a simulation exercise of the expected effects on poverty headcount ratio, the finding is that, on average, a relative increase by the factor 2 in microfinance gross loan portfolio compares to an increase of the factor 1.15 for government expenditure on education. (Less)
Constraints on the incorporation mechanism of chlorine in peralkaline and peraluminous Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses

Abstract Incorporation mechanisms of Cl in peralkaline and peraluminous Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses as a model system for phonolitic melts were investigated using 35Cl, 23Na, 27Al, and 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The size and large distribution of electric field gradients for 35Cl causes loss of signal in the MAS NMR experiment and this, in combination with the low concentration of Cl and the large chemical shift dispersion, means that even at the highest available fields we are at the limits of MAS NMR. Nevertheless clear differences in the Cl environment in peralkaline and peraluminous glasses can readily be seen. In both glass types Cl exists in relatively symmetric Na-Ca-Cl environments. The 35Cl chemical shift indicates that the Cl environment is dominated by the presence of Na cations, consistent with the Na/Ca ratio of 5/1 in the glasses. 35Cl MAS NMR spectra of the peraluminous glasses show a larger chemical shift distribution and a more positive isotropic chemical shift, ~-75 ppm, than the peralkaline glasses, ~-100 ppm. They also have a larger quadrupole coupling constant with a larger distribution, indicating greater disorder in the peraluminous glasses. It is likely that there are more Ca cations present in the Cl environments in the peraluminous glasses than in the peralkaline glasses despite their having the same Na/Ca ratio. In the peralkaline glasses the formation of Na-Ca-Cl environments leads to a decrease in the number of network-modifying cations, which causes a polymerization of the glass network. No effect on the glass polymerization was observed in the peraluminous glasses. Some 35Cl signal is also lost in the static spectra indicating that ~20% of Cl for a peralkaline glass and more than ~70% for a peraluminous glass must be in environments where there is a large enough electric field gradient that the resulting very broad line is unobservable. These environments could be simply Na-Ca-Cl with higher electric field gradients than those producing the observed 35Cl signal or non-bridging Cl environments like for example Al-Cl. The Cl environment in the present mixed Na2O-CaO aluminosilicate glasses appears to be more disordered than was to be expected from previous NMR spectroscopic studies on simpler glass compositions.
Population Genetics of Latvians in the Context of Admixture between North-Eastern European Ethnic Groups

Abstract This article presents a review on population genetics of Latvians, which alongside Lithuanians are the two extant Baltic speaking populations. The article provides a description of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and contains a comparative analysis of the results of studies performed on classical autosomal genetic markers, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the non-recombining part of the Y chromosome (NRY), with data on neighbouring populations. The study also covers data of recently performed ancient DNA (aDNA) studies carried out on samples from the territory of today’s Latvia. The results of population genetic studies have shown a mixture of eastern and western genetic traits in present-day Latvians with only small differences between Latvian subpopulations. Studies of the Baltic “tribal gene” LWb, as well as the gene’s SERPINA1 allele PIZ have indicated the presence of a considerable Baltic admixture in the neighbouring Finno-Ugric and Slavic populations. Although mtDNA analyses have shown that Latvians genetically in general belong to the same common gene pool as most of the Europeans, the Y-chromosomal lineage composition suggests that they are most similar to Northern and Eastern European populations of Lithuanians, Estonians, and Eastern-Slavic populations, which are ethnogenetically closest to them. The analysis of aDNA from the Early and Middle Neolithic did not present any genomic evidence of gene-flow from Central European farmers or any mitochondrial or Y-chromosomal haplogroups that are typical for them in the hunter-gatherers from the territory of today’s Latvia and Lithuania.
CCD imaging and aperture polarimetry of comet 2P/Encke: are there two polarimetric classes of comets?

We present results of imaging and aperture polarimetry of the dust of comet 2P/Encke at phase angles 91–105°, obtained during the 2003 apparition. We investigate how strongly molecular emissions transmitted by the filters used in the observations can affect the resulting polarization of cometary dust. This problem is of particular importance for so-called gas-rich comets like comet 2P/Encke which has particularly strong molecular emission as compared to its dust continuum. Aperture polarimetry in the wide-band UBVR filters was performed at the 2.6-m Shain telescope and 1.25-m telescope of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory on November 17–24. From these measurements a dust polarization of ≈ $ 8$% is derived, which puts the comet in the class of comets with low polarization. The imaging observations of comet 2P/Encke were carried out at the 2-m telescope of the Bulgarian National Astronomical Observatory on November 20–22, 2003. Narrow-band filters centered on the 0–7–0 transition of the A 2A_1 – $\tilde{X}$ 2B_1 electronic band system of NH 2 (662 nm) and on an adjacent red continuum at 642 nm were employed. The polarization of NH 2 averaged over the 0–7–0 vibronic transition amounts to ≈ $ 7$% at phase angles close 90°, similar to the polarization of the two-atomic molecules CN and C 2 . The dust polarization however, when corrected for the effect of molecular emissions, is larger than 30%. We conclude that the division of comets into two polarimetric classes with one class having in the visual wavelength range a maximum polarization less than 20% is caused by ignoring the contribution of molecular emission and therefore is an artifact. Whether the comet displays a strong silicate feature (i.e. its dust grains are small) or not, the dust polarization is high.
Radial velocities and spectrophotometric properties of southern binary galaxies

We present spectrophotometry of a sam- ple of 26 Southern binary galaxies 17 pairs were con- rmed to be physically associated with typical separa- tion of 136 h 1 kpc. Pairs with velocity dierence v 600 km s 1 are probably not physically bound. A compar- ison with eld galaxies suggests that galaxies in pairs tend to have a younger population probably stimulated by tidal interaction. No correlation between the young population and projected separation was found.
Comparative field study of spring and summer leaf gas exchange and photobiology of the mediterranean trees Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia

Summer-induced changes in gas exchange, fluorescence and reflectance were measured on leaves of two co-occurring Mediterranean small trees, Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia, in May, June and July 1996 in Central Catalonia (NE Spain). The humid 1996 summer only produced mild water stress conditions. However, photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (g s ) decreased in June and July in both species. In June P. latifolia had higher net photosynthetic rates and lower stomatal conductances than Q. ilex, thus exhibiting higher instantaneous plant water use efficiencies. In agreement with these results, the photochemical reflectance index (PRI, calculated as (R 570 -R 531 )/(R 531 +R 570 )) of P. latifolia was lower, suggesting a possible lower xanthophyll de-epoxidation state. However, P. latifolia had lower ΔF/F' m and therefore a lower electron transport rate (ETR). The behaviour of PRI confirmed previous studies indicating a strong relationship between PRI, ΔF/F' m , and photosynthetic radiation-use efficiency (PRUE). PRI offers a simple, portable means of assessing PRUE with the potential for remote sensing applications. Finally, the possible ecological consequences of these results on the behaviour of the two species studied under the predicted warmer and drier conditions of global change are discussed.
The Titer of Immunity and Signs of Welfare Due to Changes in Group Size in Two Strains of Lohmann Classic Layers

This study examined the effect of the different group sizes on the titers of some immunological indicators and signs of health in two strains of lohmann layers. A total 558 layers (279 lohmann brown and 279 lohmann selected leghorn), aged 50 weeks were homogenously classified into four groups, where 360 birds (180 lohmann brown and 180 lohmann selected leghorn) in 6 cages (60 layers/cage “5 m2”) and 198 birds (99 lohmann brown and 99 lohmann selected leghorn) (33 layers/cage “2.8 m2”) with the same floor space relatively. The antibody titer of avian encephalomyelitis, avian meta-pneumonia, infectious bronchitis and mycoplasma synovia were higher in small group (33 birds) than large group size (60 birds). However, the differences didn’t reach the significance. In the other hand, the lohmann selected leghorn was more susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis, infectious bronchitis and mycoplasma synovia due to the increase in its antibody titers, while the antibody titers of avian meta-pneumonia and mycoplasma gallisepticum were higher in lohmann brown. In large group size, the scores of plumage condition were referred to the best, especially in lohmann brown. Furthermore, the changes in feet condition in lohamman brown were better than lohmann selected leghorn, especially in large group. In order to achieve the full genetic growth potential, layers must be reared under optimal group size. Therefore, any deviation of the managemental condition of layers may impair their performance, cause immunosuppression, and change their physiological responses leading to increase their susceptibility to diseases.
Iris aitchisonii (Bakar) Boiss.: A potential source of Natural Antioxidants

The organic and aqueous plant extracts of Iris aitchisonii (Bakar) Boiss. were obtained in petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water and were tested for their antioxidant potential, using four techniques, i.e. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and ferric thiocyanate assay along with the determination of their total phenolic contents. The results revealed that among these fractions the chloroform soluble fraction showed highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, i.e. 92.17±1.25% inhibition of DPPH radical at a concentration of 130 μg/ml with IC50 value 48.55±1.08 relative to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), having IC50 of 12.52 ± 0.89 μg/ml. Methanol extract showed highest total antioxidant activity, i.e. 1.182±0.09 as well as highest FRAP value, i.e. 142.33±0.96 TE μM/ml. Chloroform and methanol extract showed considerable amounts of total phenolic contents, i.e. 122.33±0.12 and 121.83±0.85 GAE mg/g respectively. Chloroform extract showed good value of inhibition of lipid peroxidation, i.e. 51.61±0.64.
Financial Deepening in the CFA Franc Zone: The Role of Institutions

During the 1980s and early 1990s many Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries undertook reforms to promote financial sector deepening. Nevertheless, financial sectors in SSA countries remain among the shallowest in the world and, within Sub-Saharan Africa, financial depth in the CFA franc zone is even more limited. This paper sets out to investigate empirically factors that may explain why financial depth in the CFA franc zone is shallower than in the rest of SSA using panel data for a sample of 40 countries for 1992-2006. The results indicate that the gap in financial development between the CFA franc zone countries and the rest of SSA can be explained by differences in institutional quality (e.g., availability of credit information, and strength and enforcement of property rights), variables that policy makers can influence.
THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF LICENTIATE OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION Engineering Students’ Ways of Relating to Wicked Sustainability Problems

This licentiate thesis constitutes a part of a larger research effort that aims to provide a theoretical framework for understanding and working with engineering students’ ways of relating to wicked sustainability problems (WSPs) on the basis of conceptual, empirical, and practical considerations. Thus, the project aims to contribute to an understanding of how engineering education can support students in developing the capabilities that they need to actively participate in discussions about sustainable development and to constructively deal with WSPs. The concept of perspectives provides a point of departure for the research. Paper I introduces a conceptual framework for conceiving of and communicating about perspectives and perspective processes in the context of engineering education for sustainable development. In Paper II, four qualitatively different ways in which engineering students understand and approach a specific WSP are described based on an empirical study. The results from the study suggest that a partial experience of the complexity of WSPs may lower rather than increase students’ abilities to deal with WSPs, and that educators therefore should pay attention to support the students in progressing beyond this level. A combination of the results from the two papers provides input for discussions about what it may mean to fully appreciate the complexity of WSPs, and a basis for more practice-oriented research in line with the aim
Characterization of Microbial Lipid Production with Mucor rouxii on Pure Carbon Substrates

M. rouxii was cultivated with three pure carbon sources (glucose, starch and cellulose) to compare its lipid production and physiological responses between potato processing wastewater and pure carbon sources. It has been demonstrated in the literatures that, oleaginous microorganisms (yeasts and fungi) exhibit various characteristics in both lipid yields and lipids’ fatty acid composition when cultivated with difference carbon substrates despite that these carbon substrates are biochemically similar (Papanikolaou et al., 2007). For instance, Mortierella isabelliana and Cunninghamella echniulata, two oleaginous fungi cultivated on glucose, starch, pectin and lactose based media, showed different biomass production. Glucose and starch was suitable for biomass growth of the two fungi; lactose favoured biomass production of M. isabelliana but did not support the growth of C. echniulata. Both fungi produced more lipids with glucose as the carbon substrate than with starch. Pectin was an inadequate substrate for biomass growth and lipid production for C. echniulata, but it supported the growth of M. isabelliana and lipid production. Cellulose is the most abundant organic carbon source in the nature. However, there are very limited studies on direct fermentation of cellulose into microbial International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 11 (2017) pp. 3685-3693 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Social Responsibility in Market Interaction

A recent debate raises the question whether market interaction erodes social responsibility. In an experiment, we disentangle three major characteristics of market interaction, diffusion of responsibility, social information, and market framing, and provide evidence for how these characteristics influence behavior when trade harms uninvolved parties. We model the negative externalities from trade by reducing donations to a charity that provides meals to needy children. Our results show that diffusion of responsibility tends to encourage subjects to make purely self-interested decisions. This holds to a much larger extent if the economic transaction is framed as a market. In contrast, social information increases social responsibility in our setting. Observing the behavior of others seems to convince a substantial fraction of people to behave steadfastly, i.e., they avoid trading a good that comes with negative externalities, even if gains from trade are high.
Diel feeding behavior in the marine copepod Acartia tonsa in relation to food availability.

Diel feeding behavior and gut evacuation rates were investigated in adult female Acartia tonsa, in laboratory experiments at 20 "C using different concentrations of cultured Thalassiosira weissflogii as food, and in large mesocosms at -13°C using natural plankton as food. Diel feeding pattern was remarkably stable under the different food conditions and temperatures, maintaining about a 3-fold amplitude in gut contents and feeding rate over the diel period. The diel rhythm was retained even when the copepods were food limited and lost about 20 % body carbon during the course of the 24 h experiment. The persistence of the diel feeding rhythm in A. tonsa under starvation implies a strong selective pressure, possibly related to predator avoidance. Daily ingestion rates of copepods fed a high concentration of T. weissflogii at 20°C were about 90 000 cells d-l, or -148 % body carbon and 104 % body nitrogen, compared with 74 and 85 % body carbon and 40 and 45 % body nitrogen in mesocosm experiments at -13 "C with natural food. Daytime and night-time gut evacuation rates at 20 "C were not significantly different, indicating that the diel change in gut contents reflects a real change in feeding rate, rather than a change in the instantaneous gut clearance rate. Instantaneous gut evacuation rates were 0.0907 and 0.0894 min-l in 2 experiments at 20°C and 0.0415 and 0.0432 minp' at 12.7 and 13.3"C respectively. Day-night comparison of gut contents measured in individual A. tonsa, fed T. constricts at 8"C, revealed considerable individual variability. Range in gut contents was about 50-fold during the day (0.17 to 8.97 ng pigment copepod-'), and 100-fold at night (0.0 to 13.66 ng copepod-'). Distribution of gut content values was skewed towards lower values, especially during daytime. However all but 1 copepod in the day/night sequence had a measurable amount of food in the gut, indicating fairly recent feeding.