Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the current higher education funding model in Rwanda using Higher Education Students Loans Department (HESLD-REB) as a case study

Higher education funding in Rwanda uses a costs sharing approach. This has been analyzed to ascertain its suitability for Rwanda. This research looked at other funding methods that can be applicable for the higher education sector in Rwanda. These included use of PPP, tuition fees, bank loans and internally generated funds by higher learning institutions. It was found in this research that costs sharing approach is a good model in Rwanda but it has faced the challenge of using financial means testing (FMT) to identify potential beneficiaries. There FMT is viewed by most respondents as unfair and that in some cases, financial assistance has not been given to those that deserve it due to corruption in the system. The other funding methods mentioned above have also been analyzed and appropriate conclusions arrived at in the research findings. It was also found out that a failed higher education system would impact on the economic development of the country and also if the higher education sector is underfunded, this will impact on the quality of the graduates and the sector as a whole. There is need for policy change by government of Rwanda towards funding of its higher education. Key words: Costs sharing, financial means testing (FMT), higher education funding model, public private partnerships (PPP).
Pessimism and Anxiety: Effects of Tween Sitcoms on Expectations and Feelings About Peer Relationships in School

Television programs for tweens (roughly 8–14 year olds) offer glimpses of life in high school, often depicting prototypical crowds (e.g., jocks and populars) and various forms of interpersonal hostility. Fifth graders (N = 97) were randomly assigned to watch a tween television episode that was high or low in social conflict (two exemplars at each level) and then answered questions about their future middle school and their habitual exposure to tween television programs. Consistent with predictions afforded by the General Aggression Model (Anderson & Bushman, 2002), habitual exposure was associated with expectations of encountering specific crowds in middle school (person schemata), with expectations of less friendliness and more bullying (behavioral scripts), and with greater anxiety about attending their future school. Similarly, those who saw high-conflict episodes anticipated more hostility and less friendliness in their future school and felt more anxious and less positive about going there than those who saw low-conflict episodes (effects that were partly mediated by perceptions of character hostility). There were also significant interactions between habitual and experimental exposure: Participants who did not habitually watch tween programs and who saw a high-conflict episode resembled habitual viewers in their lowered expectations of friendliness and heightened expectations of hostility.
Greek banks in the Balkan countries: conclusion derived from analysis of their balance sheets

During the 1990s the Greek economy has flourished, with the help of the banking system, which, at the same period, has undergone considerable deregulation. The stock market “explosion” at the end of the decade has provided the necessary funds for the expansion of many Greek Banks in various countries and particularly those of the Balkan area. Some Greek companies had already expanded their business activities in these countries, which at the time were in the process of transition to the market economy, thus giving to the Greek Banks the incentive to follow their clientele. The expansion of Greek banks in the Balkans was such that they obtained significant market shares in some of the area’s countries. In the current paper we make an effort to examine the feasibility of the expansion of Greek banks in these countries, focusing especially on their financial efficiency. To that end the Balance Sheets of the parent banks, as well as those of their Balkan subsidiaries and associate companies where they held an equity share were studied and analyzed. Our main conclusion is that the activities of the Geek banks in the area were successful and had positive effects to their profitability and they reinforced their overall financial state.
Outcomes for critically ill patients with haematological malignancies in specialist and non-specialist centres in the United Kingdom

Background: Patients with haematological malignancies admitted to critical care units have a high mortality. Specialist cancer centres may demonstrate better survival rates than non-specialist centres. We compared the outcomes of patients with haematological malignancies admitted to three different centres in the United Kingdom, and examined possible reasons for differences in outcomes. Methods: We compared the characteristics and outcomes of patients with haematological malignancies admitted to critical care units at the Christie, Royal Liverpool University and Glan Clwyd hospitals between 1st January 2007 and 1st July 2011. Differences between hospitals were compared using ANOVA or Chi-squared test, as appropriate. Factors associated with hospital mortality were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Results: 187 patients with haematological malignancies were identified. More patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma were admitted to Glan Clwyd hospital (25%) compared to Royal Liverpool (5.8%) and the Christie (8.1%), p=0.0087. Patients admitted to the Christie had lower severity-of-illness scores compared to patients admitted to the other hospitals (p<0.001). Overall, 91 patients died before hospital discharge (48.7%). Unadjusted hospital mortality at the Christie was significantly lower (41.4%), compared to the Royal Liverpool (61.5%) and Glan Clwyd hospitals (54.2%), p=0.0240. On logistic regression analysis, the only factor associated with higher odds of hospital mortality was increasing APACHE II score (p=0.035, odds ratio 1.06 [95% CI 1.04-1.13] per point). Admission to a non-specialist centre was associated with higher odds of critical care unit mortality (p=0.036, odds ratio 2.17 [95% CI 1.05-4.46]), but was not associated with higher odds of hospital mortality (p=0.065). Conclusions: Admission to a specialist centre was not associated with lower hospital mortality compared to non-specialist centres for patients with haematological malignancies. However, admission to a specialist centre was associated with lower critical care unit mortality. Possible explanations for these differences in survival between centres could be the identified significant differences in casemix, or lower severity of illness at admission. In addition the severity of illness on admission to the critical care unit as indicated by the APACHE II score increased the odds of hospital mortality.
Advanced Label-Free Optical Methods for Spermatozoa Quality Assessment and Selection

Current in vitro fertilization (IVF) techniques require a severe selection of sperm, generally based on concentration, morphology, motility, and DNA integrity. Since routinely separation methods may damage the viability of the sperm cell, there is a growing interest in providing a method for noninvasively analyzing spermatozoa taking into account all those parameters. This chapter first reviews the state-of-the-art of label-free sperm cell imaging for IVF, highlighting the limitations of the used techniques. Then, our innovative approach combining Raman spectroscopy and digital holography will be described and its advantages detailed. These include the ability to perform a simultaneous and correlative morphological and biochemical analysis of sperm cells, without labeling, in a fast and reliable way. Finally, the difficulty in reaching clinical use will be discussed, as well as the possible solutions offered by new technological improvements.
Field evidence for the lateral emplacement of igneous dykes : Implications for 3D mechanical models and the plumbing beneath fissure eruptions

We thank the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory for help with accessing Kilauea seismicity data, Steven Andrews at Camborne School of Mines for help with the sedimentology and John Howell (Aberdeen) for the lend of a drone. John Still is thanked for help with the SEM at Aberdeen. DH and NF thank Katie and Dave Farrell for ‘baby-sitting’ services while the fieldwork was completed. We thank Craig Magee, Meredith Townsend and Dave Pollard for detailed and thoughtful reviews that helped us improve the manuscript. High-resolution orthomosaics can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. 6849827.v2
The influence of service failure and service recovery on airline passengers’ relationships with domestic airlines : an exploratory study

Service failures and the subsequent service recovery eff orts of an organisation can have a profound eff ect on customers’ satisfaction with an organisation as well as on the quality of the relationship with the organisation, despite other eff orts by the organisation to build long-term relationships with its customers. Airlines in particular are faced with several challenges aff ecting their survival, and one such challenge is the fact that they are particularly susceptible to service failures. This study investigates the eff ect of service failures and an airline’s service recovery eff orts on their customer relationships and future patronage of the airline. Data were collected from passengers fl ying with South African domestic passenger airlines departing from OR Tambo International Airport. The fi ndings indicate that customer satisfaction with an airline’s service recovery eff orts signifi cantly infl uences their relationship with the airline as well as their future patronage of the airline. Dissatisfi ed respondents indicated that their relationship with the airline was weakened or broken and that they would fl y less frequently or never again with the airline following the service failure. Satisfi ed respondents’ relationships with the airline were unchanged or strengthened, and they fl ew with the airline all the time or as frequently as before the service failure.
The Factors affecting Knowledge Sharing at the Iranian Ministry of Sports

Background. Knowledge today is a strategic factor in achieving a sustainable competitive advantage for power in an organization, but merely having knowledge only as an asset does not create value. The sharing and dissemination of knowledge with other members within and outside the organization will provide a space for the creation of new and valuable knowledge assets. Objectives. The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize factors affecting knowledge sharing and dissemination in Iran's ministry of youth and sports. Methods. This study employed the qualitative research method. The study population included all managers, advisers, and experts of the ministry and faculty members informed in the field of knowledge management within the ministry. In the first stage, purposive sampling based on theoretical l approach and 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Using coding method seven main factors were detected by MAXQDA software. The next step was to prioritize and interpretive structural modeling and the opinion of eight experts and academic professors was used. Results. After analyzing the data, factors affecting knowledge sharing were put into 5 levels. Leadership factors were placed at the bottom of the model and the individual factors placed at the highest level. Conclusion. The insight that this model offers can help in the success and effectiveness of KM activities in this ministry.
Structural Characterization of natural and processed zircons with X-rays and nuclear techniques

In ceramic industry, zircon sand is widely used in different applications because zirconia plays a role as common opacifying constituent. In particular, it is used as a basic component of glazes applied to ceramic tiles and sanitary ware as well as an opacifier in unglazed bulk porcelain stoneware. Natural zircon sands are the major source of zirconium minerals for industrial applications. In this paper, long, medium, and short range studies were conducted on zirconium minerals originated from Australia, South Africa, and United States of America using conventional and less conventional techniques (i.e., X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS), and Perturbed Angular Correlations (PAC)) in order to reveal the type and the extension of the regions that constitute the metamict state of zircon sands and the modifications therein produced as a consequence of the industrial milling process and the thermal treatment in the production line. Additionally, HPGe gamma-ray spectroscopy confirms the occurrence of significant levels of natural radioactivity responsible for metamictization in the investigated zircon samples. Results from XRD, PALS, and PAC analysis confirm that the metamict state of zircon is a dispersion of submicron disordered domains in a crystalline matrix of zircon.
The comparison of some anthropometric, body composition indexes and VO2max of Ahwaz elite soccer players of different playing positions

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare some anthropometric, body composition indexes and VO2max of Ahvaz elite soccer players of different playing positions. Material : Participants were 60 male soccer players (age 24.31±4.20 years) from 4 teams in the two highest divisions in Iran. The sample included 8 goalkeepers, 18 defenders, 20 midfielders and 14 strikers. Anthropometric variables of subjects (height, weight and BMI) and body composition (%BF) were measured. Skinfold thickness measurements were taken using Harpenden skinfold calipers at three sites (triceps, subscapular and abdominal) and the VO2max of the subjects was estimated by participation in a multi-stage 20m shuttle-run test. One-way ANOVA and Tukey testes were used for possible differences in test variables between different player positions. Results : Results revealed that the goalkeepers were significantly (p<0.05) the tallest, heaviest and had lower VO2max than another positions. Beside the midfielders had significantly (p<0.05) higher VO2max than the goalkeepers. Also, no difference in estimated body fat percentage and BMI was observed between players of all positions. Discussion: Thus, it can be concluded that anthropometric and physiological differences are exist among soccer players who play in different positions. These differences fit with their different workload in a game. Therefore, programs must be include specific sessions for each positional role.
PERILAKU DAN MOTIVASI KOMPLAIN KONSUMEN TERHADAP RESTORAN-RESTORAN DI SURABAYA

Penelitian ini ditunjukan untuk menguji perilaku, motivasi komplain, serta korelasi antara perilaku komplain dengan usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan. Uji mean dilakukan untuk menguji tingginya perilaku komplain konsumen dan motivasi komplain konsumen dalam melakukan komplain dan uji chi square untuk menguji adanya korelasi antara perilaku komplain dengan usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan. Berdasarkan hasil tes dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Perilaku menceritakan pengalaman dan motivasi mengekspresikan emosi yang mana ditunjukkan dari hasil mean yang paling tinggi. (2) Usia tidak berkorelasi dengan perilaku komplain, sedangkan jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan memiliki korelasi.
GENETIC GAINS AND SELECTION ADVANCES OF THE UENF-14 POPCORN POPULATION

ABSTRACT Recurrent selection can generate successive gains for characters of economic interest without causing genetic narrowing in the population. However, it has rarely been used in breeding programs in popcorn, especially when using full-sibling progenies to generate more expressive gains. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic gain of the UENF-14 popcorn population through recurrent selection, and verify the evolution of the gains between the selection cycles four and eight. A total of 200 full-sibling progenies were evaluated in randomized blocks arranged in eight sets within three replicates in two environments; each set containing twenty-five progenies and six controls (selection cycles 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the UENF-14, BRS-Angela and IAC-125). The average height, prolificacy, 100-grain weight, ear weight, grain yield, and grain popping expansion of the plants were evaluated. In the selection of the thirty superior progenies for the eighth cycle, the Mulamba and Mock selection index was used, which generated estimated genetic gains of 4.60 for grain yield and 3.61% for popping expansion. The grain yield increased 111.99 kg ha-1 and the popping expansion increased 1.75 mL g-1 per cycle. The evolution of the cycles resulted in an accumulated genetic gain for the main characters of economic importance, allowing the prediction of success in the continuity of the recurrent selection.
Effects of Weight of Queens after Diapause on Colony Development in the Bumblebee, Bombus terrestris L

Bu calismada, Bombus terrestris arilarinda diyapoz sonrasi ana ari agirliginin koloni gelisimi uzerine etkileri arastirilmistir. Arastirmada kullanilan toplam 57 adet ana arinin diyapoz sonrasi agirliklarinin ortalamasi 0,79± 0,01 g olarak belirlenmistir. Kullanilan ana arilarin yaklasik % 82’si yumurtlamis ve yumurtlayan bu ana arilarin % 64’u isci ari uretmistir. Fakat, diyapoz sonrasi ana ari agirligi ile koloni gelisim ozellikleri arasinda istatistiki olarak onemli bir iliski bulunmamistir. Sadece diyapoz sonrasi ana ari agirligi ile birinci kulucka doneminde uretilen isci ari sayisi arasindaki iliski onemli bulunmustur (p
Ulasitai: A new iron meteorite likely paired with Armanty (IIIE)

Abstract— The Ulasitai iron was recently found about 130 km southeast to the find site of the Armanty (Xinjiang, IIIE) meteorite. It is a coarse octahedrite with a kamacite bandwidth of 1.2 ± 0.2 (0.9–1.8) mm. Plessite is abundant, as is taenite, kamacite, cohenite, and schreibersite with various microstructures. Schreibersite is Ni‐rich (30.5–55.5 wt%) in plessite or coexisting with troilite and daubreelite, in comparison with the coarse laths (20.6–21.2 wt%) between the Widmanstätten pattern plates. The correlation between the center Ni content and the half bandwidth of taenite suggest a cooling rate of ˜20 °C/Myr based on simulations. The petrography and mineral chemistry of Ulasitai are similar to Armanty.
Ompok pabda (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822): An Endangered Catfish of Tripura, India: Reproductive Physiology Related to Freshwater Lotic Environment

In aquaculture view point, knowledge of reproductiv e physiology of Ompok pabda (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) is important. To study this parameter live individuals are being sampled from lotic and freshwater enviro nmental resources of Tripura, India such as Feni River, Muhuri River and Gomoti River and Rudrosagar wetland as well. During studies of reproductive physiology of this fish species some p arameters such as gonado-somatic index (GSI), sex-r atio, fecundity, maturity stages, egg diameter etc. are being observ ed. The studied fish population consists of as man y as 93 males and 147 females. The population is being dominated by the female always. Maturity stage of Ompok pabda develops spawning period at some period of monsoon during May to August. The length at first maturity of female is 17.0 cm, while it is 16.3 cm in male. Maximum gonado-somatic index (GSI) % for male has been 2.195 and it is 15.582 for female. First maturity stage is noticed during May-June and peak spawning period in June-July. The egg attains greater diamet er during June to early-August. At peak spawning period fecundity is varied from 2190 to 41552 eggs/individual. Some pot ential environmental features of the studied lotic ecosyst ems are being analyzed during the period of fish sa mpling.
If it were to happen to me, would I see it coming? How identifying with the victim influences the foreseeability of a sexual aggression

Apres avoir pris connaissance d’une agression, nous avons tendance a surestimer sa previsibilite, ce qui peut nous pousser a blâmer la victime. L’etude presentee ici examine dans quelle mesure l’idenfication a la victime affecte ce sentiment retrospectif de previsibilite et le blâme. Deux versions d’un temoignage relatant un meme enchainement de faits ont ete creees, l’une allant jusqu’a la narration de l’agression, l’autre s’arretant juste avant celle-ci. Il etait demande aux participants de lire l’une ou l’autre version. Ils devaient ensuite repondre a un questionnaire presente soit a la voix passive, soit a la voix active, et ce afin de manipuler l’identification a la victime. Comme attendu, les participants ayant recu un questionnaire a la voix passive s’identifiaient plus facilement a la victime et blâmaient davantage l’agresseur une fois l’agression connue. Ils trouvaient egalement l’agression moins previsible retrospectivement. Cette etude montre a quel point la maniere de presenter grammaticalement les evenements peut induire une prise de position et, de ce fait, affecter les jugements retrospectifs rendus a l’egard d’une agression.
Bitcoin Poison? Anecdotal Evidence from Bitcoin Miners Revenue

This paper explores the predictive qualities of Bitcoin Miners Revenue on Bitcoin Returns. Using data on Bitcoin in the cryptocurrency market from July 1, 2010 to February 20, 2018, we reflect intervariable correlations not previously examined. We analyze those relationships with a conditional regression analysis adjusting for calendar effects. We separate the sample, and use the last 17 trading days (month) to test a strategy based on the probability of Bitcoin Returns moving higher. After a slight modification to the logistic regression analysis, we find a profitable trading strategy exists based solely on Bitcoin Miners Revenue and the probability of Bitcoin Returns moving higher.
The Link between Submillimetre Galaxies and Luminous Ellipticals: Near-Infrared IFU Spectroscopy of Submillimetre Galaxies

We present two-dimensional spectroscopy covering the rest-frame wavelengths of strong optical emission lines in six luminous submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) at z= 1.3–2.5. Using this near-infrared integral field spectroscopy together with Hubble Space Telescope ACS and NICMOS imaging, we map the dynamics and morphologies of these systems on scales from 4–11 kpc. Four of the systems show multiple components in their spatially resolved spectra with average velocity offsets of ~180 km s^(−1) across 8 kpc in projection. From the ensemble properties of eight galaxies, from our survey and the literature, we estimate the typical dynamical masses of bright SMGs as 5 ± 3 × 10^(11) M_⊙. This is similar to recent estimates of their stellar masses – suggesting that the dynamics of the central regions of these galaxies are baryon dominated, with a substantial fraction of those baryons in stars by the epoch of observation. Combining our dynamical mass estimates with stellar luminosities for this population, we investigate whether SMGs can evolve on to the Faber–Jackson (FJ) relation for local ellipticals. Adopting a typical lifetime of τ_(burst) ~300 Myr for the submillimetre-luminous phase – using the latest estimates of gas masses, star formation rates and active galactic nucleus contribution to the bolometric luminosities – we find that the stellar populations of SMGs should fade to place them on the FJ relation, at M_K ~ −25.1. Furthermore, using the same starburst lifetime we correct the observed space density of SMGs for the duty cycle to derive a volume density of the progenitors of ~1 × 10^(−4) Mpc^(−3). This is consistent with the space density of local luminous early-type galaxies with M_K ~ −25.1, indicating that SMGs can evolve on to the scaling relations observed for local early-type galaxies, and the observed population at z ~ 2 is then sufficient to account for the formation of the whole population of ≳3 L^*_K ellipticals seen at z ~ 0.