Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Running head : CHRONOTYPE CHANGE AND PROBLEMS IN PREADOLESCENCE The transition to adolescence : Changes in chronotype and behavioral / emotional problems

The transition to adolescence is linked to behavioral and/or emotional problems, and to a change of circadian phase preference towards evening chronotype. Recent studies showed that eveningness in adolescence is associated with behavioral and emotional problems and with shorter sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness. Studies on chronotype, sleep and behavioral/emotional problems in preadolescents are scarce. The current study examined: 1) whether there is association between chronotype and behavioral/ emotional problems in healthy 9, 10, and 11-year-old preadolescents, and 2) whether the hypothesized correlation is mediated by sleep quality, sleepiness, and/or sleep duration. Parents of 98 Dutch children aged 9 to 11 filled out the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Children’s Chronotype Questionnaire (CCTQ), Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), and a sleep diary. The hypothesized association between eveningness and behavioral and/or emotional problems was not found. However, eveningness was significantly correlated to poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. Furthermore, poor sleep quality was significantly correlated to externalizing problems, and daytime sleepiness was significantly correlated to internalizing problems. To conclude, eveningness does not increase the risk of behavioral/emotional problems, but is related to poor sleep quality and increased daytime sleepiness. These results suggest that evening types are particularly vulnerable to behavioral/emotional problems when they experience poor sleep quality/ daytime sleepiness. Moreover it might mean that other children, who are not considered evening types but do experience poor sleep quality/daytime sleepiness, may also be vulnerable to behavioral/emotional problems.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aplastic anemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: current evidence and recommendations

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by pancytopenia and an empty bone marrow. Standard treatments for AA include immunosuppressive therapy and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). BMT is the preferred option for young AA patients with a sibling donor, whereas in older patients or in those to be grafted from an unrelated donor BMT is exploited as second-line treatment. Current results of BMT for AA demonstrate cure rates up to 80 and 70% in BMT from HLA-matched siblings and unrelated donor, respectively, with age and stem cell source largely affecting the outcome. BMT is also a potential treatment option for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, a rare hematological disorder characterized by complement-mediated intravascular hemolytic anemia, thrombophilia and bone marrow failure.
Full Genome Sequence of a Novel Coxsackievirus B5 Strain Isolated from Neurological Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Patients in China

ABSTRACT Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) belongs to the human enterovirus B species within the family Picornaviridae. We report the complete genome sequence of a novel CVB5 strain, CVB5/SD/09, that is associated with neurological hand, foot, and mouth disease in China. The complete genome consists of 7,399 nucleotides, excluding the 3′ poly(A) tail, and has an open reading frame that maps between nucleotide positions 744 and 7301 and encodes a 2,185-amino-acid polyprotein. Phylogenetic analysis based on different genome region regions reveals that CVB5/SD/09 belongs to a novel CVB5 lineage, and similarity plotting and bootscanning analysis based on the whole genome of CVB5 in the present study and those available in GenBank indicate that the genome of CVB5/SD/09 has a mosaic-like structure, suggesting that recombination between different CVB5 strains may occur.
The Effects of Storage on Fresh Human Osteochondral Allografts

Historically, fresh human osteochondral allografts have been stored in lactated Ringer’s solution at 4° C and then transplanted as quickly as possible, generally within 2 to 5 days, to ensure delivery of a high level of viable chondrocytes. Recently, allograft distribution companies have begun to provide fresh osteochondral allografts that are stored in a proprietary culture medium usually for at least 2 weeks before delivery to the surgeon for implantation. The effects of such storage on human cartilage have not been well-defined. In the current study the effects of storage in lactated Ringer’s solution and in culture media were assessed. After 7 days of storage in lactated Ringer’s solution, a significant decline in chondrocyte viability and metabolic activity was seen. Culture media provided significantly better preservation of the cartilage with viability and metabolic activity remaining essentially unchanged from baseline for as many as 14 days. The biochemical and biomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix remained stable with storage in both solutions with time. These data suggest that osteochondral allografts stored under traditional conditions in lactated Ringer’s solution should continue to be implanted as quickly as possible and certainly within 7 days of donor death. If kept in culture media, the storage duration may be extended to approximately 2 weeks.
Functional interactions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with GTPase-activating protein in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

The role of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase in specific aspects of insulin signaling was explored in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Inhibition of PI 3-kinase activity by LY294002 or wortmannin significantly enhanced basal and insulin-stimulated GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, removal of the inhibitory influence of PI 3-kinase on GAP resulted in dose-dependent decreases in the ability of insulin to stimulate p21ras. This effect was specific to adipocytes, as inhibition of PI 3-kinase did not influence GAP in either 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, Rat-1 fibroblasts, or CHO cells. Immunodepletion of either of the two subunits of the PI 3-kinase (p85 or p110) yielded similar activation of GAP, suggesting that catalytic activity of p110 plays an important role in controlling GAP activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Inhibition of PI 3-kinase activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes resulted in abrogation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and thymidine incorporation. In contrast, effects of insulin on glycogen synthase and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity were inhibited only at higher concentrations of LY294002. It appears that in adipocytes, P1 3-kinase prevents activation of GAP. Inhibition of PI 3-kinase activity or immunodepletion of either one of its subunits results in activation of GAP and decreases in GTP loading of p21ras.
Diversity and structure of hyphomicrobium populations in a sewage treatment plant and its adjacent receiving lake

Budding methylotrophic bacteria resembling Hyphomicrobium spp. were counted for 12 months in a German sewage treatment plant by most-probable-number (MPN) methods. Influent samples contained up to 2 x 10(sup4) cells ml(sup-1), activated sludge consistently contained 1 x 10(sup5) to 5 x 10(sup5) cells ml(sup-1), and the effluent contained 1 x 10(sup3) to 4 x 10(sup3) cells ml(sup-1). The receiving lake had only 2 to 12 cells ml(sup-1). Six morphological groups with different growth requirements could be observed among 1,199 pure cultures that had been isolated from MPN dilutions. With dot blot DNA hybridizations, 671 isolates were assigned to 30 hybridization groups (HGs) and 84 could not be classified. Only HG 22 hybridized with a known species, Hyphomicrobium facilis IFAM B-522. Fourteen HGs (HGs 8 to 20 and HG 22) were specific for the lake; most others occurred only in the treatment plant. HGs 1, 3, and 26 were found in the activated sludge tank throughout the year, and HGs 27 and 28 were found for most of the year. In summary, it was demonstrated that bacteria with nearly identical and specific morphologies and nutritional types showed a high level of genetic diversity, although they were isolated under the same conditions and from the same treatment plant or its receiving lake. A directional exchange of these genetically different populations was possible but less significant, as was shown by the establishment of distinct populations in specific stations.
Can The Nintendo Wii(tm) Sports Game System Be Effectively Utilized In The Nursing Home Environment: A Feasibility Study?

This mixed-method study examined the feasibility and potential benefits of five weeks of Nintendo Wii SportsTM (NWS) play for 11 nursing home residents. Nursing home staff and residents suggested that the NWS is feasible in the nursing home context and that it has psychosocial benefits. While no significant changes in dynamic stability, health-related quality of life (QOL) or fear of falling were observed (p = 0.185-0.841), a moderate effect size for physical health-related QOL was found. Randomized controlled trials involving larger samples and more outcome measures appear required to determine the possible benefits of the NWS for nursing home residents.
Synergistic action of GABA‐A and NMDA receptors in the induction of long‐term depression in glutamatergic synapses in the newborn rat hippocampus

We show that activation of GABAA receptors (GABAARs) promotes induction of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR)‐dependent long‐term depression (LTD) of glutamatergic synapses in the newborn rat hippocampal area CA1 in a developmentally restricted manner. In the newborn rat hippocampus two mechanistically different types of LTD of glutamatergic synapses could be induced under similar experimental conditions. The form of the LTD induced depended on the stimulation protocol and on the age of the animal. Low‐frequency stimulation (1 Hz) with 100 stimuli induced a robust homosynaptic, reversible LTD at postnatal days 2–8 (P2–P8) but not at P14. This LTD was blocked by the NMDAR antagonist AP5 or by the GABAAR antagonist picrotoxin. Use of a low‐chloride solution in the patch pipette resulting in EGABA‐A < –70 mV blocked the NMDAR‐dependent LTD, whereas clamping the cell to –40 mV during induction rescued it. In addition, it was possible to induce LTD at P14 with 100 stimuli if the cells were clamped to –40 mV during induction. Low‐frequency stimulation with 900 stimuli induced a robust homosynaptic, reversible LTD both at P2–P8 and at P14. However, neither AP5 nor picrotoxin affected the LTD induced by 900 pulses at P2–P8. Instead, the 900 stimuli‐induced LTD was blocked by the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists when co‐applied with AP5. We suggest that during the first postnatal week postsynaptic depolarization provided by the activation of GABAARs shifts the threshold for the LTD induction, making the synapses more prone to activity‐induced plasticity. From the second postnatal week onwards, when the GABAA responses are already hyperpolarizing, different mechanisms for LTD induction prevail.
Isolation and characterization of amber mutations in the lexA gene of Escherichia coli K-12

We describe the isolation and characterization of amber mutations in the lexA gene of Escherichia coli K-12. These mutations, designated spr(Am), were isolated and characterized in a lexA tif sfi genetic background. They abolished the sensitivity of the strain to UV light and resulted in high rates of synthesis of recA protein. Phage lambda+ failed to lysogenize the strains as observed with similar strains carrying non-amber spr mutations described previously, thereby indicating a constitutive expression of the phage induction pathway. Introduction of an amber suppressor mutation into a strain bearing the spr(Am) mutation restored expression of the LexA mutant phenotype. We conclude that spr mutations either inactivate or prevent synthesis of the lexA gene product and that loss of this product results in constitutive expression of the E. coli induction system in the tif sfi genetic background.
Self-Concept and Delinquency: The Effects of Reflected Appraisals by Parent and Peers

In this paper, we consider the relationship between self-concept or identity and juvenile delinquency. Major contributions to the study of deviance based on interactionist theory are reviewed. We conduct an empirical analysis, with a focus on the effects of parental and peer reflected appraisals. Measures based on social control theory are included in the analysis as a comparison with interactionist measures. We find strong support for symbolic interactionist theory.
Low energy measurements of the strong coupling constant and the question of a light gluino.

The hadronic width of the [ital J]/[psi] is anomalously small when compared with that of the [Upsilon] in standard QCD in the nonrelativistic approximation. We discuss the extent to which current ideas concerning relativistic corrections and/or supplementing QCD with a light gluino can reconcile these measurements with each other and with other low energy data including that from lattice calculations and from [tau] decay.
Intermittent Claudication—Surgical Reconstruction or Physical Training?: A Prospective Randomized Trial of Treatment Efficiency

This study reports the initial evaluation of treatment efficiency in 75 patients with intermittent claudication who were randomized to three treatment groups: 1) reconstructive surgery, 2) recon structive surgery with subsequent physical training, and 3) physical training alone. Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in age, sex, smoking habits, symptom duration of claudication, ankle-arm blood pressure quotient (ankle-index), maximal plethysmographic calf blood flow, symptom-free and maximal walking distance, the history of other atherosclerotic manifestations or in the medical treatment. The walking performance was improved in all three groups at follow-up 13 ± 0.5 months after randomization. Surgery was most effective, but the addition of training to surgery improved the symptom-free walking distance even further. In pooled observations of the three groups, age, symptom duration, and a history of myocardial ischemic disease correlated negatively with walking performance after treatment. In the operated group, the duration of claudication and a history of myocardial ischemic disease correlated negatively with the walking performance. This was not the case when patients were censored if limited by other symptoms than intermittent claudication after treatment. In the trained group, the duration of claudication correlated negatively to symptom-free and maximal walking distance. Ankle-index and maximal plethysmographic calf blood flow after treatment and the change of these variables with treatment correlated positively with both symptom-free and maximal walking distance when results were pooled for all patients. Although this mainly was a consequence of the improved blood flow after surgery, the change of maximal plethysmographic calf blood flow also correlated with symptom-free but not with maximal walking distance in the trained group. The results demonstrate that, compared with physical training alone, operation alone or in combination with subsequent training are superior treatment modalities in patients with intermittent claudication.
Effects of High Fruit-Vegetable and/or Low-Fat Intervention on Plasma Micronutrient Levels

Objectives: Higher plasma micronutrient levels have been associated with decreased cancer risks. The objective of this study was to determine the relative effects of reduced fat and/or increased fruit-vegetable (FV) intakes on plasma micronutrient levels. Methods: Healthy, premenopausal women with a family history of breast cancer (n = 122) were randomized across four diet arms for one year in a 2 × 2 factorial design study: control, low-fat, high fruit-vegetable and combination low-fat/high FV diets. Levels of plasma micronutrients were measured in plasma at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results: The high FV intervention, regardless of fat intake, significantly increased α-carotene, β-carotene and vitamin C levels in plasma. Only the combination high FV, low-fat intervention significantly increased plasma β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin levels over time. Although α-tocopherol was not affected, a potential concern is that the low-fat intervention resulted in significantly decreased both γ-tocopherol dietary intakes and plasma levels, regardless of whether or not FV intakes were concomitantly increased. Conclusions: Unlike α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol plasma levels were decreased by a low fat diet, perhaps because γ-tocopherol is not generally added to foods nor widely used in vitamin E supplements. The decreased dietary intakes and plasma levels of γ-tocopherol with a low-fat diet may have implications for health risks since the biological functions of the different tocopherol isomers have been reported to be distinct.
Biodegradation of organic compounds during co-composting of olive oil mill waste and municipal solid waste with added rock phosphate

Liquid and solid olive oil mill waste was treated by composting in a mixture with the organic part of municipal solid waste and rock phosphate. The transformations that occurred during the process were evaluated by physical, chemical and spectroscopic analyses. After five months of composting, the final compost presented a C/N ratio under 20, an ratio under 1 and a pH around neutral. A high level of organic matter decomposition paralleled a notable abatement of phenols and lipids. The results show the effective dissolution of mineral elements during composting. This transformation was followed by Fourier transform infrared which showed a decrease in the absorption bands of aliphatic bonds (2925 and 2855 cm−1) and carbonyls of carboxylic origin (1740 cm−1). In addition to the increase in humic substances and the improvement of germination indices, the parameters studied confirm the stability and the maturity of the composts. The absence of phytotoxicity opens the way to agricultural spreading.
Determiners of the drift of the eye during monocular fixation.

The nature of the drift of the eye during monocular fixation was investigated by recording vertical and horizontal components of eye movements under a variety of viewing conditions. Extinguishing the fixation mark, or placing it at 30 cm instead of at optical infinity was found to increase the net absolute drift rate, as well as to alter the preferred direction of drift. This suggests, as do some previous findings, that the drift of the eye is at least indirectly influenced by visual factors. Changing the position of the viewing eye in the head produced systematic shifts in the preferred direction of drift. The relationship of these findings to various aspects of monocular and binocular fixation were discussed.
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Kosovo

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is transmitted to humans by Hyalomma ticks or by direct contact with the blood of infected humans or domestic animals. CCHF virus has been reported from the Near, Middle, and Far East (countries such as Iraq, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, and China [1, 6-8, 11]) and from several African countries (4, 9). Besides, there are several reports on CCHF virus in the former Yugoslavia (5, 10), but CCHF virus strains from this area have not been characterized up to now. We describe here a case of CCHF in the year 2000 in Kosovo that preceeded an outbreak in the same region in 2001 (2). On 23 May 2000, a farmer's wife (age, 17 years) living near Pristina, Kosovo, was bitten by a tick in the left femoral region while working in her garden. The tick was later identified as a member of the Hyalomma species at our institute. The disease started on 28 May with chills, myalgia, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, headache, and backache. The victim visited an outpatient clinic in Prizren, where broad-range antibiotic therapy was initiated because a septic infection could not be excluded. On 30 May, she developed massive hemorrhage with hematemesis (7 to 8 times per day), melena, hematuria, metrorrhagia, and petechia. She was hospitalized in a medical ward with no special isolation measures in a difficult clinical condition on 31 May, without palpable pulse or measurable blood pressure, with a body temperature of 39.7°C, and with severe hemorrhagic manifestations (petechiae, melena, hematemesis, and metrorrhagia). On 1 June, epistaxis and gingival bleeding were additionally observed and the high fever continued (40.1°C). The patient was fully orientated, without neurological symptoms, but prostrate. She complained of back pain and headache. Her eyes showed signs of hemorrhagic conjunctivitis and her gingiva and tongue were covered with hemorrhagic crusts, but the petechiae in the pectoral region were already in remission. Large ecchymoses appeared at the sites of venipuncture. The heart had a sinusal rhythm (90 beats/min) and weak tones, without noise. The abdomen was tender on palpation and the liver was palpable and slightly enlarged, but the spleen was not palpable. Diuresis was evident, with 1,500 ml of urine excreted per day. On 3 June she developed a polyuria (4,500 ml per day). The next day, the hemorrhagic diathesis had almost disappeared with only a light residual metrorrhagia. Blood pressure was 100/70 mmHg (pulse frequency, 60 beats/min). She was feeling better. Supportive therapy given to the patient during the course of the disease consisted of hydration and control of temperature. No blood transfusions were administered. No secondary cases have occurred in the hospital where the patient was treated.
The Influence of Different Positions and Korotkoff Sounds on the Blood Pressure Measurements in Pregnancy

Abstract. The influence of the patient's posture on the measurement of arterial blood pressure has been studied during pregnancy. The blood pressure (BP) measured on the right arm in the left lateral recumbent position is significantly lower than in the supine, sitting, or erect positions. This difference is assumed to be due to hydrostatic factors. The diastolic BP should be read off at Korotkoff IV because the hyperkinetic circulation during pregnancy causes a pronounced variation in BP values when measurements are performed at Korotkoff sound V. The roll‐over test seems inappropriate as a screening test to predict pre‐eclampsia, because of the numerous false‐positive tests. The importance of measuring the BP under standardized conditions during pregnancy in order to detect minimal changes in BP as indicative of pathophysiology in pre‐eclampsia is emphasized.