Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated risk factors of equine wound in and around Asella town, South Eastern Ethiopia

Equines are essential in the farming and transport systems of many areas of developing countries including Ethiopia. However, their socioeconomic importance is often under recognized and they suffer from poor husbandry practices which threaten their welfare and health. Wound is main problem emanated from such practice that results in deviation of their health and welfare. Cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2016 to January, 2017 with the objective to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of wound in randomly selected equine in and around Assella town. Physical examination and semi-structured questionnaire were simultaneously employed to collect necessary information and possible risk factors. Out of 400 equines (278 horses and 122 donkeys) examined 250 were found to have wound on one or more of their body parts and the overall would prevalence was 62.5% of which 65.8% was in horses and 54.9% was observed in donkeys. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of wound was significantly higher in horse (65.8%) than donkeys (54.9%) (OR=3.509; 95% CI=1.505, 8.184, p= 0.004), the prevalence was higher in adult (66.6%) than in young equine (43.8%) (OR= 2.782, CI= 1.244, 6.225, p=0.013), in males (69.4%) than in females (42.1%) (OR= 4.192, CI=2.122, 8.281, p= 0.000), in poor body conditioned equines (97.0%) than in good body conditioned equines14.6% (OR=454.614, CI=124.291, 1662.829). Moreover, the prevalence of wound in relation to harnessing type was 69.3, 62.8 and 52% in grass, plastic and traditionally prepared leather, respectively. However, this variation was not statically significant (p= 0.111). There was significant variation in causes of wound between horse and donkeys and the wound caused by improper harness was highest (X2=39. 357, P-=0.000) in both horses (35.55%) and donkeys (25%). Similarly, the owners response to the management of wound in horses and donkeys was significantly (X2=15.308, p=0.032) different and the majority of donkeys (71.6%) and horses (65.5%) did not receive any help from their owners. This study revealed a high prevalence of equines wound in and around Asella town which indicate the prevailing situation of equine welfare and health problems. This strongly calls for a continuous awareness creation to equine owners on proper management and handling and improve their welfare and health thereby enhance the utilization and improve the livelihood of the community. Key words: Equines, wound, prevalence, risk factors, Asella.
Parenting Attitudes and General Health in Mothers of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: Mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have distinctive parenting attitudes and mental health problems. Objectives: This study examined the parenting attitudes, general health, and some other related factors in mothers of children with ADHD. Materials and Methods: Sixty mothers of children with ADHD who referred to psychiatric outpatient clinic of Ahvaz Golestan Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method. The parenting attitude, general health, and demographic data questionnaires were used. Results: Forty two (70%) mothers were healthy and 18 (30%) were unhealthy. The Pierson coefficient and the Fisher’s exact test showed only a significant relationship in maternal age with the total score of general health questionnaire (GHQ) (r = -0.350, P = 0.05) and the score of anxiety subscale (r = -0.429, P = 0.05). The scores of different attitudes were 29.45 ± 5.71 for dominating, 29.13 ± 6.08 for ignoring, and 27.8 ± 5.8 for possessive attitudes. Mothers with elementary school education level had fewer possessive attitude than higher educated mothers (P = 0.017). The ignoring attitude was significantly higher in staff members than others (P = 0.043). Logistic regression model also showed that the GHQ score was significantly related to maternal age (P = 0.027) and number of children (P = 0.011). Conclusions: Dominating, ignoring and possessive attitudes are frequent in mothers of children with ADHD. Parenting attitudes in mothers of children with ADHD may have relationships with job and education level. Mothers of children with ADHD, especially in younger ages and more offsprings may be predisposed to mental health problems, especially to anxiety.
The effect of rolled rape seeds on milk composition and lactational responses.

Forty-five multiparous cows (74-146 d after calving) were blocked into 3 groups of 15 animals on the basis of calving date and milk yield. Within each group the cows were allotted at random to treatment sequences in a 3x3 Latin square design. Cows were fed a ration composed of pasture, maize silage and meadow hay. Treatments were: control (CK), 6 kg concentrate without rolled rape seeds (WRS), MR 5 kg concentrate and 0.7 kg WRS and HR 4 kg concentrate and 1.4 kg WRS. The administration of 1.4 kg (HR) rolled rape seeds per cow insignificantly increased the daily milk yield by 1.2 kg and milk fat content. Supplemental fat tended to nonsignificantly decrease the percentage protein content in milk (CK, 3.10, MR, 3.03, HR, 3.04), but the total daily protein production was not affected by treatment. Rolled rape seeds affected the fatty acid composition of milk fat. There was a significant (PO.05) increase of C 18:1 and C 18:3 content as a result of adding WRS, but no effect on C 18:2 concentration.
Leisure Information Systems: The Purchasing Determinants of Video Game Consoles

The international market for home video game consoles is substantial and competition between manufacturers is heated. As an information system, the popularity of this technology merits further study, yet there is a dearth of published research in the area. This paper discusses a study into the purchasing determinants of video game consoles. The study conducted focus groups and a literature search in order to develop a research model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. This research model was operationalised in a questionnaire survey of 210 adolescents. Analysis was conducted on the basis of level of adoption and gender.
A Turbulent Origin for the Complex Envelope Kinematics in the Young Low-mass Core Per-bolo 58

We use CARMA 3 mm continuum and molecular lines (NH2D, N2H+, HCO+, HCN, and CS) at ∼1000 au resolution to characterize the structure and kinematics of the envelope surrounding the deeply embedded first core candidate Per-bolo 58. The line profile of the observed species shows two distinct peaks separated by 0.4–0.6 km s−1, which most likely arise from two different optically thin velocity components rather than the product of self-absorption in an optically thick line. The two velocity components, each with a mass of ∼0.5–0.6 , overlap spatially at the position of the continuum emission and produce a general gradient along the outflow direction. We investigate whether these observations are consistent with infall in a turbulent and magnetized envelope. We compare the morphology and spectra of the N2H+ (1–0) with synthetic observations of an MHD simulation that considers the collapse of an isolated core that is initially perturbed with a turbulent field. The proposed model matches the data in the production of two velocity components, traced by the isolated hyperfine line of the N2H+ (1–0) spectra, and shows a general agreement in morphology and velocity field. We also use large maps of the region to compare the kinematics of the core with that of the surrounding large-scale filamentary structure and find that accretion from the large-scale filament could also explain the complex kinematics exhibited by this young dense core.
The Effects on Teacher Efficacy of School Based Collaborative Activities Structured as Professional Study Groups.

This study examined the influence of participation in school-based professional study group activities on both general and personal teaching efficacy. It also examined teachers' perceptions of changes that occurred in their teaching performance as a result of participation in the study group sessions. Participants were elementary teachers who voluntarily established their own study group, engaging in professional discourse in their monthly discussions. Data collection included written questionnaires from and personal interviews with study group participants and nonparticipants. Results indicate that general teaching efficacy was clearly different from personal teaching efficacy. Differences in general teaching efficacy between the two groups at the end of the year suggest that the collaboration and purposeful discussions in which study group members engaged had a positive effect on their general teaching efficacy as compared to non-study group teachers. The study group experience influenced participants' classroom behaviors. Overall, teachers who engaged in ongoing professional study group activities were more likely to gain or sustain a sense of security and confidence that, in turn, encouraged them to transfer the content of their study group sessions into classroom practices. (Contains 33
Creativity and terror management: Evidence that creative activity increases guilt and social projection following mortality salience

The present research, based on the ideas of O. Rank (1932/1989) and E. Becker (1973), was designed to test the hypotheses that engaging in creative expression after personal mortality has been made salient will lead to both increased feelings of guilt and a desire to enhance social connectedness. In Study 1, the authors used a 2 (mortality salience vs. control) X 2 (creative pretask vs. noncreative pretask) between-subjects factorial design and measured self-report guilt. Results indicated that participants who were reminded of their death and completed the creative pretask expressed more guilt than all other participants. In Study 2 this effect was replicated with a modification of the creativity treatment. In Study 3, the same conditions leading to increased guilt also led mortality-salient creative-task participants to express higher levels of social projection, an index of perceived social connectedness. Implications of these results for creativity, the interpersonal nature of guilt, and terror management theory are briefly discussed.
DIFFERENT METHODS OF EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE CONTENT DETERMINATION RAZLIČITE METODE ODREÐIVANJA RAVNOTEŽNOG SADRŽAJA VLAGE

In this paper, a faster and easier way, in comparison with classical methods, to determine the equilibrium moisture content in food materials is shown. The equilibrium moisture content is determined only experimentally, with determination of sorption isotherms. However, the key issue that is a condition for application of certain experimental method for determining of sorption isotherms is the reliability of experimental data obtained for equilibrium moisture content, as well as the time required to determine specific sorption isotherm. Despite numerous advantages of the static gravimetric method, the long time to achieve equilibrium moisture content of the sample is its main drawback and reason why the researchers use other techniques and methods. Out of these reasons came the idea to apply relatively fast and simple method to determine equilibrium moisture content in food materials, based on the values of average material temperature change obtained from experiments including convective drying kinetics. Furthermore, the resulting temperature response from the conducted experiments can be successfully used to determine unknown parameters in the models for calculation of equilibrium moisture content, by applying of inverse approach method that is an essential tool in modeling of heat and mass transfer processes for different food materials.
The Effect of Natural Fibres Mercerization on Natural Fibres/Polypropylene Composites: A Study of Thermal Stability, Morphology and Infrared Spectrum

This research was carried out to evaluate how alkali treatment of selected natural fibres (kenaf, luffa, betel nut, banana and rice straw) influences thermal properties, morphological properties and infrared spectrum properties of the composites made from polypropylene reinforced with natural fibres. Composites were made by compression moulding technique using hydraulic hot press. Composites were characterized by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) to establish their thermal stability. The infrared spectrum of both treated and untreated natural fibres/PP composites were studied using Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Infrared spectroscopy is sensitive to the presence of chemical functional groups in the composites. A functional group is a structural fragment within a molecule. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of composites. Increase in the thermal stability and better fibre-matrix compatibility of the composites were noticed in the treated fibres. Thermal stability of all the reinforced natural fibres was found to be around 205oC. Decomposition of both cellulose and hemicellulose in the fibres took place at 310oC and above, whereas the degradation of reinforced fibre composites took place above 430oC. After the chemical treatment, the FTIR results showed the reduction of OH bonds for all natural fibre composites used in this study. Mercerization had successfully modified the structure of natural fibres and these modifications improved the thermal stability of the composites by promoting better fibre-matrix bonding.
Rules Rather than Discretion: The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans

Even if there is an agreed-upon, fixed social objective function and policymakers know the timing and magnitude of the effects of their actions, discretionary policy, namely, the selection of that decision which is best, given the current situation and a correct evaluation of the end-of-period position, does not result in the social objective function being maximized. The reason for this apparent paradox is that economic planning is not a game against nature but, rather, a game against rational economic agents. We conclude that there is no way control theory can be made applicable to economic planning when expectations are rational.
Effects of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzyme on in vitro Ruminal Fiber Digestion and Methane Production of Corn Stover and Corn stover Based Mixed Diets

Introduction: Many in vitro studies have showed that fibrolytic enzyme can improve fiber degradation of roughage, but the effect on methane mitigation is likely to be inconsistent. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of commercial exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production with corn stover as substrate. Design and Methods: Two in vitro experiments were conducted using reading pressure technique system. In Exp.1, synergetic effect of cellulase (CEL) (0, 10, 20 and 30 U/g DM) and xylanase (XYL) (0, 20, 40 and 60 U/g DM) were evaluated on corn stover by a 4 × 4 factorial design. In Exp.2, the effect of two chosen enzymes were evaluated on 3 corn stover based mixed diets by a 3 × 3 factorial design. Results: In Exp.1, a single 30U/g DM of CEL and combination of 10 U/g DM of CEL with 60 U/g DM of XYL were screened out based on higher digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber. In Exp.2, enzyme supplement did not affect fiber digestion, but decreased methane production (P<0.01). Conclusion: Fibrolytic enzyme supplement potentially improved fiber digestion of corn stover in this in vitro experiment, and had positive effect on methane mitigation. (Liyuan Zhao, Yongjia Peng, Jiakun Wang, Jianxin Liu. Effects of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzyme on in vitro Ruminal Fiber Digestion and Methane Production of Corn Stover and Corn stover Based Mixed Diets. Life
GOVERNING BOARD INTERLOCKS: AS AN INDICATOR OF AN IPO

Using comprehensive data of Japanese firms, including small-sized and unlisted firms, this paper empirically analyzes how a governing board composition impacts initial public offerings (IPOs). The results show that board size, interlocks with other firms, and interlocks with other listed firms are all positively related to the probability of an IPO. They imply that a firm’s intention to conduct an IPO can be estimated by the size and interlocks, and that knowledge diffusion of an IPO occurs among firms.
Influence of small particles inclusion on selective laser melting of Ti-6Al-4V powder

The particle size distribution and powder morphology of metallic powders have an important effect on powder bed fusion based additive manufacturing processes, such as selective laser melting (SLM). The process development and parameter optimization require a fundamental understanding of the influence of powder on SLM. This study introduces a pre-alloyed titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V powder, which has a certain amount of small particles, for SLM. The influence of small particle inclusion is investigated through microscopy of surface topography, elemental and microstructural analysis, and mechanical testing, compared to the Ti-6Al-4V powder provided by SLM machine vendor. It is found that the small particles inclusion in Ti-6Al-4V powder has a noticeable effect on extra laser energy absorption, which may develop imperfections and deteriorate the SLM fatigue performance.
Allelopathic effects of decomposed leaf litter from intercropped trees on rape

Abstract: The allelopathic effect of decomposed litter from trees interplanted with crops is a key problem in the intercrop agroforestry business that could influence the economic benefits and sustainable development of ecoagriculture. In our study, the litter from 12 common intercropped tree species was collected from the Guanzhong Plain (Shaanxi Province, China) and mixed with soil, incubated to allow decomposition for 120 days, and then extracted using water. The water extracts at different concentrations were used for fi? lter paper-dish cultivation of rape (Brassica napus) seeds. Indicators of the germination and growth of seedlings were measured to investigate the allelopathic effects of decomposed litter on rape. The results showed that in rape the most sensitive indicators of harmful allelochemicals derived from decomposed litter were the germination speed index and catalase activity of seedlings. Moreover, extracts of decomposed medium (soil) containing litter from Paulownia fortunei, Acer truncatum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Juglans regia, Diospyros kaki, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, and Ziziphus jujube were beneficial to the germination and seedling growth of rape at all concentrations examined, and thus these trees could be safely interplanted with rape. Extracts from Eucommia ulmoides, Populus canadensis, and Malus pumila inhibited the germination and seedling growth of rape, and thus the use of these trees in intercropping should be reduced. Extracts from Pyrus bretschneideri showed growth promotion at lower concentrations (10 and 20 mg mL-1) but were growth inhibitive at a high concentration (40 mg mL-1); thus, it could be intercropped with rape but at a low density.
The Bankruptcy Prediction in Tehran share holding using Neural Network and it's Comparison with Logistic Regression

The use of financial ratios for predicting companies' bankruptcy has always been considered by universities and economical institutions especially banks and other financial organizations. In such studies, statistical models like multiple distinctive analyses (MDA), logit Analysis, probit Analysis have usually been used. In this study, the prediction of accepted productive companies' bankruptcy in Tehran negotiable papers exchange has been paid by the use of artificial neural network (ANN) model and we have also made a comprehensive review on the models of bankruptcy prediction. In this study, artificial neural network model with logistic regression (LR) statistical model that is a useful statistical model in bankruptcy prediction has been compared. Our findings from these models on the basis of 80 companies' data showed that artificial neural network model has more accuracy than logistic regression statistical model in bankruptcy prediction.
LINKING GALAXIES TO DARK MATTER HALOS AT z ∼ 1: DEPENDENCE OF GALAXY CLUSTERING ON STELLAR MASS AND SPECIFIC STAR FORMATION RATE

We study the dependence of angular two-point correlation functions on stellar mass (M*) and specific star formation rate (sSFR) of M * > 10 10 M ⊙ ? > galaxies at z ∼ 1 ? > . The data from the UK Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey Deep eXtragalactic Survey and Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey cover 8.2 deg2 sample scales larger than 100 h − 1 Mpc ? > at z ∼ 1 ? > , allowing us to investigate the correlation between clustering, M*, and star formation through halo modeling. Based on halo occupation distributions (HODs) of M* threshold samples, we derive HODs for M* binned galaxies, and then calculate the M * / M halo ? > ratio. The ratio for central galaxies shows a peak at M halo ∼ 10 12 h − 1 M ⊙ ? > , and satellites predominantly contribute to the total stellar mass in cluster environments with M * / M halo ? > values of 0.01–0.02. Using star-forming galaxies split by sSFR, we find that main sequence galaxies ( log sSFR / yr − 1 ∼ − 9 ? > ) are mainly central galaxies in ∼ 10 12.5 h − 1 M ⊙ ? > halos with the lowest clustering amplitude, while lower sSFR galaxies consist of a mixture of both central and satellite galaxies where those with the lowest M* are predominantly satellites influenced by their environment. Considering the lowest M halo ? > samples in each M* bin, massive central galaxies reside in more massive halos with lower sSFRs than low mass ones, indicating star-forming central galaxies evolve from a low M*–high sSFR to a high M*–low sSFR regime. We also find that the most rapidly star-forming galaxies ( log sSFR / yr − 1 > − 8.5 ? > ) are in more massive halos than main sequence ones, possibly implying galaxy mergers in dense environments are driving the active star formation. These results support the conclusion that the majority of star-forming galaxies follow secular evolution through the sustained but decreasing formation of stars.
Evaluation of Grapevines for Resistance to Downy Mildew (Plasmopara viticola) under Laboratory and Field Conditions

Downy mildew of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola, can seriously devastate grapevine production in tropical countries, such as Thailand. Four susceptible grapevine cultivars, four potentially resistant lines and 18 F1 hybrids, propagated by air layering and chip budding, were evaluated for resistance to downy mildew at laboratory (using a detached leaf assay) and field (natural infection in 2011 and 2013) levels. Significant differences in the disease scores among grapevine genotypes, ranging from 0.54 (resistant) to 4.83 (susceptible) and 3.30 (resistant) to 7.70 (susceptible), were observed under the laboratory and field conditions respectively. No significant difference in disease severity was observed between the two propagation methods or between the two different years of field evaluations. Resistance evaluations under both conditions consistently classified ‘NY88.0517. 01’ and ‘NY65.0550. 04’ as resistant lines what would be useful as parents for future breeding programmes. Moreover, one F1 hybrid, ‘SUT0403.09’, was reported to have considerable resistance to downy mildew under both laboratory and field conditions for the first time. The field resistance level of this hybrid was almost comparable to its highly resistant parent ‘Wilcox 321’, suggesting its potential for the future development of resistant cultivars in Thailand. Although the ranking of genotypes varied between screening methods, the resistance levels of the 26 grapevine genotypes evaluated under laboratory and field conditions were comparable based on the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients of 0.73 (p ≤ 0.01). These results suggest that the laboratory screening assay is efficient for the rapid, reliable and economical identification of resistant hybrids in grapevine breeding programmes.