Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 2 Fault Tolerant Control for TS Fuzzy Systems with Application to NSHV 2 . 1

Modern control systems, such as NSHV that is considered in this chapter, become more and more complex and involve an increasing number of actuators and sensors. These physical componentsmay become faulty which can cause system performance deterioration and lead to instability that can further produce catastrophic accidents. To improve system reliability and guarantee system stability in all situations, FDI and fault accommodation methods have become attractive topics which received considerable attentionduring the past twodecades as it canbe attested by the abundant literature [1–20]. Fault tolerant control (FTC) aims at preserving the functionalities of a faulty system with acceptable performances. FTC can be achieved in two ways namely passive and active ways. The former uses feedback control laws that are robust with respect to possible system faults. On the other hand, the latter uses a FDI module and accommodation techniques. It is valuable to point out that, although there are abundant results in literature,most results concerning actuator faults reported in the literature only considered bias faults. Gain faults did not attract enough attention, whichmotivates this chapter. In addition, in some existing work, estimation error limt→∞ ex(t) = ex(∞)was considered as an indicator, by which the faulty system can be distinguished from the normal system. That is to say, if ex(∞) = 0, then the system is healthy; if ex(∞) = 0, the system is faulty.However, ex(∞) is not available in practice, and ex(∞) = 0 can not practically be considered as fault indicator. Another motivation of this work is thus to provide a fault indicator with an associated decision algorithm which is efficient in practical application. The concept of near space hypersonic vehicle was first proposed by American air force in a military exercise called “Schrieffer” in 2005. NSHV is a class of vehicle flying in near space which offers a promising and new, lower cost technology for future spacecraft. It can advance space transportation and also prompt global strike capabilities. Such complex technological system attracts considerable interests from
Quasi-periodic oscillations in magnetic Cataclysmic Variables : Results for V 834 Cen

We present the first results from a recent campaign to search for and characterise quasi-periodic oscillations in Polars. A brief review of the current theoretical model is given. Power density spectra and time frequency representations of the rapid variability in the optical light from one of the prototypical Polars, V834 Cen, are presented and discussed. We conclude by discussing the planned future work of this campaign towards advancing the understanding of QPOs in mCVs.
How Abstract Is Abstract?

In principle, the remote sensing sensors on board of geostationary satellite, as consequence of the high frequency of the observations, allow the monitoring of these phenomena characterized by a fast dynamics. A constraint for this monitoring is that the events should be enough strong to be recognizable notwithstanding the low spatial resolution of the present geostationary systems (MSG/SEVIRI, GOES Imager, MTSAT). Apart from meteorological phenomena other events, like those associated with forest fires and/or volcanic eruption, are characterized by a very fast dynamics. These events are also associated with a very strong signal that makesthem observable by geostationary satellite in a quasi-continuous way. The SFIDE (System for Fire Detection) algorithm has been developed to exploit the high observation frequency provided by geostationary sensor like SEVIRI. This algorithm will be used in the SIGRI (Integrated System for Fire Risk Management) pilot project. This project, funded by ASI (the Italian Space Agency) in the mainframe of the program " Civil Protection from forest fires " , takes into account the institutional requirements. The principal user (reference user) of such a system would be the Italian Dept. of the Civil Protection (DPC). The system is able to generate information useful for supporting different user types having the role of responding, operationally, to the forest fire management according with the guideline and operational addresses indicated by DPC. In particular, the objective of SIGRI is the development of products which can be useful to the firefighting activities along all the phases which can be distinguished in the fire contrasting activity : forecast, monitoring/detection, counteract/propagation prediction, damage assessment/recover. The productsto be generated for the tactical phase of the forest fires fighting are characterized by the high frequency of the updating and will provide support to the activity of detection and monitoring of the burning events. For this reason the fire detection is based on the geostationary sensor SEVIRI on board of the MSG satellite. The hot spot detection is performed by using the SFIDE algorithm. This paper is devoted to show the performancesof such algorithm. To achieve this objective the hot spots detected, by applying the SFIDE algorithm to the SEVIRI images, on three selected regions (Calabria, Sardinia and Liguria) will be compared with the ground data, of the last four years, provided by the Italian DPC.
Mantle plume beneath Italy ?

The idea that the complex magmatism occurring around the Tyrrhenian Sea results from a deep mantle plume dates back to 1970 (e.g. Vollmer, 1976). This theory was recently resurrected in a much revised form by Gasperini et al. (2002), who suggest that the entire compositional variation of Plio-Quaternary magmatism in Italy results from mixing a HIMU-like mantle plume and components of subduction origin.
Population and reproductive biology of Callichirus major ( Say , 1818 ) ( Decapoda : Axiidae : Callianassidae ) in an urban beach , Northeastern Brazil

The objective of this study was to describe the population and reproductive biology of Callichirus major (Say, 1818) in Pau Amarelo beach, State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil, based on: relative growth, sex ratio, reproductive period and recruitment of juveniles. Samplings were carried out monthly from May 2011 to April 2012. The individuals of C. major were collected with suction pump, fixed and identified in the laboratory. The abiotic variables were analyzed to identify the factors that influence the development of the population. A total of 274 specimens of C. major were collected, in which the sexual dimorphism was evident, especially with the males reaching larger sizes in: Total Length, Carapace Length, Length and Major Cheliped, while the females were significantly heavier than malesin Wet Weight. Females were more abundant than males (1.0♀: 0.65♂), and the recruitment of juvenile was higher in the dry periods. The population of C. major of Pau Amarelo beach presented biometric measurements typical of other species of the same family. This study contributes to the development of new research in the area, even in the Northeast, where there is little documentation on the species in this region.
COMPRESSIVE CREEP BEHAVIOR OF ZIRCONIA / NICKEL OXIDE COMPOSITES

Nickel oxide/zirconia composites with different NiO contensts have been fabricated by mechanical mixing of nickel oxide and zirconia powders and sintering at 1500 oC for 10 h in air. The resulting microstructures have been characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical behaviour of the composites has been characterized by compressive tests at high temperatures between 1100 and 1350 oC. For NiO contents above the percolation limit, the softer phase was found to be rate-controlling in oxidizing atmospheres, achieving extended steady states of deformation without macroscopic failure. By contrast, the overall creep strength of the composites decreased severely in reducing conditions.
Wang Bi's Commentary on the Analects: A Confucian-Daoist Critique of Effable Morality

Abstract:Wang Bi's philosophy, largely studied through his essays and commentaries on the Zhouyi and Laozi, is widely regarded as ultimately advocating Confucian virtues through the use of Daoist logic, vocabulary, and concepts. In his oftignored commentary to the Lunyu, however, Wang Bi presents a different view, namely a Daoist-Confucian critique against the fixation on linguistic representations of morality.
Usefulness of the Uniform Certified Public Accounting Examination for Assessment of Learning and Program Quality Determination at U . S . Institutions of Higher Learning

Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination (UCPAE) pass rates were examined at AACSB, ACBSP, and IACBE accredited institutions, and at institutions without separate business school accreditation. AACSB accredited institutions clearly outperformed their counterparts with ACBSP or IACBE accreditation, as well as schools with no additional business school accreditation. Extending this research stream, we found that Christian institutions achieved UCPAE pass rate results similar to those of AACSB accredited institutions. We also found that for-profit institutions significantly underperformed all groups analyzed in this study.
Caricature Generator: The Dynamic Exaggeration of Faces by Computer

The author has researched and developed a theory of computation for caricature and has implemented this theory as an interactive computer graphics program. The Caricature Generator program is used to create caricatures by amplifying the differences between the face to be caricatured and a comparison face. This continuous, parallel amplification of facial features on the computer screen simulates the visualization process in the imagination of the caricaturist. The result is a recognizable, animated caricature, generated by computer and mediated by an individual who may or may not have facility for drawing, but who, like most human beings, is expert at visualizing and recognizing faces.
Editorial Note

We likely do not need to convince readers of this journal that “obesity” is a topic of great contemporary importance.1 Claims about the “rapidly growing” prevalence of overweight and obese people worldwide (World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Obesity 2000), the threat that obesity poses to individuals’ and especially children’s health (Mauro et al. 2008, 173; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014a; World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation on Obesity 2000; World Health Organization 2014; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014c), and the “enormous economic burden” that overweight and obese people place on healthcare systems and governments (Mauro et al. 2008, 173; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014b) are ubiquitous and rarely publicly disputed. Here are a few “obesity facts” regularly invoked by US sources:
from Quarantine

I went to the river most nights and returned home near dawn to sleep briefly before work and I slept again briefly before dusk and my wife knew where I went and she knew why but said nothing could smell the men on me the water and dirt their semen and sweat and she hated me from our beginning and until she died she hated I wonder if she hates me now in death her love so far from where I was I cannot remember how our son was born cannot remember when or how
Plurilingual Learners’ Beliefs and Practices in Relation to Native and Non-native Language Mediation during Learner-Learner Interaction

Due to the growing number of plurilingual learners in the world today (Hammarberg, 2010), the present multiple case study examines four plurilingual participants’ beliefs toward first language (L1) and second language (L2) mediation in the acquisition of French as a third language (L3). During a 16-week classroom-based study in a French university language class in central Mexico, four Spanish (L1) – English (L2) participants completed eight collaborative pedagogic tasks and participated in four in-depth one-on-one interviews. A qualitative analysis of the focal participants’ beliefs about L1 and L2 mediation in the acquisition of an L3 was conducted and their beliefs were compared to task performance gathered from task-based learner–learner interaction. Findings suggest that both native and non-native languages serve cognitive and social functions during task completion but that individual differences are subject to previous factors including educational experiences, language proficiency, and context of language learning.En raison du nombre croissant de plurilingues (Hammarberg, 2010), cette étude de cas multiples examine les croyances de quatre plurilingues envers la médiation de la première langue (L1) et seconde langue (L2) durant l’acquisition du français comme langue tierce (L3). Durant cette étude effectuée en classe durant une période de 16 semaines, quatre participants (L1 = espagnol et L2 = anglais) ont complété huit tâches en collaboration et quatre entrevues individuelles. Une analyse qualitative a permis d’explorer les croyances envers la médiation de la L1 and L2 lors de l’acquisition de la L3. Celles-ci ont été comparées avec leurs performances durant chaque interaction conversationnelle. Les résultats démontrent que la première langue ainsi que leurs L2 et L3 ont servi des fonctions cognitives et sociales mais que des différences individuelles ont été identifiées. Ces différences sembleraient être liées à d’autres facteurs, soit leur éducation, leur niveau de compétence dans les différentes langues, et le contexte d’apprentissage.
Food Stamps and Food Insecurity: What Can Be Learned in the Presence of Nonclassical Measurement Error?

Policymakers have been puzzled to observe that food stamp households appear more likely to be food insecure than observationally similar eligible nonparticipating households. We reexamine this issue allowing for nonclassical reporting errors in food stamp participation and food insecurity. Extending the literature on partially identified parameters, we introduce a nonparametric framework that makes transparent what can be known about conditional probabilities when a binary outcome and conditioning variable are both subject to nonclassical measurement error. We find that the food insecurity paradox hinges on assumptions about the data that are not supported by the previous food stamp participation literature.
Self Report

The Fall 2014 issue of Ploughshares, edited by Percival Everett. Ploughshares, a journal of new writing, is guest-edited serially by prominent writers who explore different personal visions, aesthetics, and literary circles.Acclaimed novelist and short-story writer Percival Everett (Erasure, I Am Not Sidney Poitier) guest-edits this all-fiction issue. As Everett writes in his introduction, the stories “range from so-called mimetic to so-called meta. I do not like such labels and I hope to undermine their use by putting these fine works together. ” Authors experiment with everything from extensive footnotes to shifting points of view, and narratives run from a husband who can’t stop crying (Nick Arvin’s “The Crying Man”) to a super-sophisticated domestic robot learning the ways of a Japanese family (“I, Kitty,” by Karen Tei Yamashita). Featuring stories by Aimee Bender, Richard Bausch, and Edith Pearlman, this issue is an illustration of the adventurousness and variety of the short story in English today.The issue also features Jay Baron Nicorvo’s Plan B essay about surfing, and an appreciation of the early work of the poet Robert Duncan.
The Association Between Racelessness and Achievement Among African American Deaf Adolescents

enerally, deaf students do not achieve as well academically as their hearing peers. Within the deaf population, African American deaf students achieve less well academically than their White peers. There are, of course, both deaf and hearing African American students who excel in school. What then, are the factors that contribute to the accomplishments of successful African American deaf students in school? The present study explored the relationship of the construct of racelessness to school success among African American deaf adolescents. Data were collected on 32 deaf adolescents from six public schools. There was little support for racelessness as a robust construct in the present study. Although exceptions existed, there was no significant relationship between racelessness and achievement.
Why Does Unemployment Hurt the Employed?: Evidence from the Life Satisfaction Gap Between the Public and the Private Sector

High unemployment rates entail substantial costs to the working population in terms of reduced subjective well-being. This paper studies the importance of individual economic security, in particular job security, by exploiting sector-specific institutional differences in the exposure to economic shocks. Public servants have stricter dismissal protection and face a lower risk of their organization becoming bankrupt than private sector employees. The empirical results from individual panel data for Germany and repeated cross-sectional data for the United States and Europe show that private sector employees' subjective well-being reacts indeed much more sensitive to fluctuations in unemployment rates than public sector employees'.
From Black Power to Indigenous Activism: The Olympic Movement and the Marginalization of Oppressed Peoples (1968–2012)

During the 2012 London Olympic Summer Games, Indigenous boxer and member of the Australian national team Damien Hooper was nearly disqualified from Olympic competition for entering the ring wearing a shirt inscribed with the Aboriginal flag of Australia. National Olympic officials cited charter rule 50, which forbids political, religious, or racial demonstrations inside an Olympic venue, to immediately reprimand this Indigenous athlete for his actions. Using the Hooper example, this paper argues that Olympic principles and governing laws undoubtedly infringe on the fundamental human rights of marginalized and oppressed populations throughout the world. Specifically, Olympic Charter rule 50 categorically sustains the illegal missions of colonizing settler governments that attempt to rule over Indigenous people and their lands. Within the Olympic domain, Indigenous athletes are forced to assume the identity of the colonizing settler citizenry, thereby further validating the political authority of an illegally imposed governing structure.
Linkage Between Rural Non-Farm Income and Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria: A Tobit-Two-Stage Least Square Regression Approach

ABSTRACT:Multiple motive prompt agricultural households to diversify their income activities. Some of these activities were due to the "push" and "Pull" factors. The consequence(s) of these factors are the widespread households' income diversification. One of such is Non-farm activity which seems to offer a pathway out of poverty. This study therefore examines the effect of rural non-farm income on agricultural productivity in Nigeria. Data from Nigeria General Household Survey–Panel 2010 was used to generate information on households' access to non-farm income, agricultural production, investment and socio-economic characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic (mean, frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics such as Tobit regression and Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Tobit regression was used to analyze factors influencing non-farm income in the study area. While 2SLS model was further employed to analyze the effect of non-farm earnings on agricultural productivity of the respondents. In this study, the descriptive result shows that the mean age of households' head in Nigeria was 52 years, with most households being married and having mean households' size of about 12 persons. Also, the majority (88.3%) of the households were male headed. The mean non-farm income among the participating households was 251, 723 ($1,678.18) per annum. In addition, the mean value of surplus crop produced was 34, 274 ($228.49) while mean area cultivated was 1.99 Ha per respondent. Also, of the six regions in the country, South west was the most favourable to earnings in both cropping and non-farm activities. The households participating in non-farm activities were more productive agriculturally than their non-participating counterparts. Tobit regression result of the factors influencing non-farm income across rural areas in Nigeria indicates that estimates of equation of the model are jointly significant at 1% level of significance. The pseudo R square was 38% and from the thirteen included variables only four (Educational attainment, non-farm enterprise investment, sex of households' head and marital status) were statistically significant at different levels. Furthermore, the effect of nonfarm income on agricultural productivity is positive and significant at 5% in both the 2SLS and Ordinary Least Square Regression (OLS). Educational attainment of the household and capital investment significantly increase the ability of a typical rural household in Nigeria to earn non-farm income. The important linkage between farm and non-farm activities among rural households in Nigeria therefore suggests that attention needs to be given to non-farm sector for rural development as non-farm activity was not only a source of income for the participating household but a source of investment fund to boost agricultural productivity.
The Intersubjective Dimension of Schizophrenia

Abstract: The subjective disturbances of schizophrenia have long been established in a coherent phenomenological theory. The intersubjective dimension of the disorder, however, sometimes seems to be underrepresented. This article explores the intersubjective disturbances and evaluates their meaning for our theoretical understanding and explanation of the disorder. First, the work of influential psychopathologists of schizophrenia is analyzed and it is argued that, since the earliest descriptions of the disorder, intersubjectivity and its disturbances have been acknowledged to play an important role. Second, the symptoms, signs, and phenomena of schizophrenia are analyzed from the perspective of intersubjectivity. This shows that both mundane and transcendental inter-subjectivity are essentially disturbed. The problem then consists of integrating the subjective and intersubjective disturbances. I argue that the current phenomenological approach to schizophrenia may need to extend its focus to include the intersubjectivity disturbances more explicitly, and I explore theoretical ways to do so. A possible ‘pathological organizer’ that may succeed in integrating subjective and intersubjective dimensions of the disorder is ‘open subjectivity’.