Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Errors in Naturalistic Action after Traumatic Brain Injury

A prospective study was performed to develop a method for assessing “on-line” error detection and correction during performance of naturalistic action, to determine whether traumatic brain injury (TIM) affects error detection and correction, and to compare actual task performance with verbal self-ratings of performance. Participants included 18 persons who had sustained severe TBI from 34 to 186 days prior to study and who were comparable to controls in their rate of naturalistic action error, along with 18 control subjects chosen to be demographically comparable to subjects with TBI. Subjects performed two different tests of naturalistic action in which they completed everyday activities (eg, wrapping a gift, making toast) at different levels of complexity, as manipulated by the addition of distractor objects, the number of tasks that had to be completed per trial, and other demands on planning and working memory. Using a specially developed coding system, each error on these tasks was scored as to whether the subject corrected it and whether the subject otherwise demonstrated awareness of the error. Error scores were also compared to subjects' responses to a questionnaire in which they rated their own performance on the most challenging level of the naturalistic action test. In general, subjects with TBI corrected and showed awareness of proportionally fewer of their errors when compared to controls. Qualitative patterns for some error types also differed between groups. Despite making more errors than control subjects on the most challenging task, subjects with TBI did not rate themselves as performing more poorly with respect to its cognitive demands. However, for subjects with TBI, the number of errors was correlated with performance ratings on certain questionnaire items. This study showed that error detection and correction can be reliably measured during naturalistic action and appear to be impaired in severe TBI even when the base rate of error is controlled. TBI may affect error detection and correction by reducing, or impairing the allocation of, attentional resources needed for the simultaneous execution and monitoring of routine action
In-hospital outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital: 11 years of experience.

BACKGROUND Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) appears to be the preferred reperf usion methodfor patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This method was introduced in our hospital before the year 2000. In Thailand, data showing long experience results in patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention remain limited. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate 11-yr experience of primary percutaneous coronary intervention at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD This retrospective descriptive single-center study analyses clinical characteristics, angiographic features and in-hospital outcomes of 772 patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention between 2000 and 2010. RESULTS Seven hundred seventy two consecutive patients with STEMI were enrolled in the study. Three-fourth of the patients were male. Mean age was 60.13 years (range 28 to 96 years) and 12.6% were older than 75 years old. Forty-eight percent of patients were referred from hospital without cardiac catheterization facilities. Of these patients 94.4% underwent primary PCI and rescue PCI was done in 5.6% of patients. There were 27% ofpatients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than 40%, 21% of patients with Killip's class IV and 12% suffered cardiac arrest prior to angiography. Median door-to-balloon time in referred and non-referred patients was 28 and 104.5 minutes, respectively. Ninety-two percent of referred patients and 36% of non-referred patients, door to balloon time were within 90 minutes. About half ofthe patients had multi-vessels disease at that time of diagnosis. The overall angiographic success rate was 96%. Platelet glycoprotein llb/lla inhibitors were used in two-third ofpatients and stent placement in 82%. Post procedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TII) 3 flow was documented in 87%. Intra-aortic balloon pump was used in 15% and thrombus aspiration device in 47%. During hospital stay, in-hospital mortality was 8.5% and 80% of those cases died from cardiac cause. One-third of patients died if they had Killip's class IV at presentation compared with 1.6% in patients with Killip's class I-III. In-hospital major adverse cardiovascular event was 10.4%. CONCLUSION During 11 years of primary PCI experience in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the angiographic success rate was high with acceptable in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac event. This strategy of treatment should be the treatment of choice for patients with STEMI in experienced PCI capable center with 24 hours/7 days availability.
EXPLORENEOs. VIII. DORMANT SHORT-PERIOD COMETS IN THE NEAR-EARTH ASTEROID POPULATION

We perform a search for dormant comets, asteroidal objects of cometary origin, in the near-Earth asteroid (NEA) population based on dynamical and physical considerations. Our study is based on albedos derived within the ExploreNEOs program and is extended by adding data from NEOWISE and the Akari asteroid catalog. We use a statistical approach to identify asteroids on orbits that resemble those of short-period near-Earth comets (NECs) using the Tisserand parameter with respect to Jupiter, the aphelion distance, and the minimum orbital intersection distance with respect to Jupiter. From the sample of NEAs on comet-like orbits, we select those with a geometric albedo pV ≤ 0.064 as dormant comet candidates, and find that only ∼50% of NEAs on comet-like orbits also have comet-like albedos. We identify a total of 23 NEAs from our sample that are likely to be dormant short-period NECs and, based on a de-biasing procedure applied to the cryogenic NEOWISE survey, estimate both magnitude-limited and size-limited fractions of the NEA population that are dormant short-period comets. We find that 0.3%–3.3% of the NEA population with H ≤ 21, and ( 9 − 5 + 2 ) ? > % of the population with diameters d ≥ 1 km, are dormant short-period NECs.
Two hepatitis C virus glycoprotein E2 products with different C termini

Processing of the boundary region between the putative structural and nonstructural regions of the hepatitis C virus precursor polyprotein was analyzed by in vitro translation using reticulocyte lysate in the presence of canine microsomal membranes. At this boundary in the precursor polyprotein, the most carboxy-terminal of the structural proteins, gp70 (E2), is proximal to the amino terminal of the nonstructural protein p21 (NS2). The presence of a novel microsomal membrane-dependent cleavage site was observed at the region upstream of the amino-terminal end of p21 (NS2) in the precursor polyprotein. The cleavage site was assigned to amino acid residues 746/747 in the hepatitis C virus precursor polyprotein. Inefficient cleavage of this site resulted in the production of two forms of E2 products with different sizes of peptide backbones. Translation and cleavage of various C-terminal deletion constructs established the significance of the C-terminal hydrophobic amino acid sequences of E2 products in membrane anchoring.
B7-Independent Inhibition of T Cells by CTLA-41

CTLA-4 is an inhibitory molecule that regulates T cell expansion and differentiation. CTLA-4 binding to B7-1/B7-2 is believed to be crucial for its inhibitory signal both by competing for CD28 binding to the same ligands and aggregating CTLA-4 to deliver negative signals. In this study, we demonstrate that B7 binding is not essential for CTLA-4 activity. CTLA-4 knockout T cells are hyperresponsive compared with wild-type T cells in B7-free settings. Expression of a B7-nonbinding CTLA-4 mutant inhibited T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and TCR-mediated ERK activation in otherwise CTLA-4-deficient T cells. Finally, transgenic expression of the ligand-nonbinding CTLA-4 mutant delayed the lethal lymphoproliferation observed in CTLA-4-deficient mice. These results suggest that ligand binding is not essential for the CTLA-4 function and supports an essential role for CTLA-4 signaling during T cell activation.
Chemopreventive effect of S-methylmethane thiosulfonate and sulindac administered together during the promotion/progression stages of colon carcinogenesis.

S-methylmethane thiosulfonate (S-MMTS), isolated from cauliflower and having antiproliferative activity, and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac have been shown to inhibit chemically induced colon carcinogenesis when they are administered during the initiation and/ or post-initiation stages. The present study was designed to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy of 80 p.p.m. S-MMTS administered during the initiation and post-initiation stages and of S-MMTS and sulindac administered together at low doses (40 and 160 p.p.m., respectively) during the promotion/progression phases (late in the premalignant stage) of colon carcinogenesis. At 5 weeks of age, groups of male F344 rats were fed diets containing 0 (control diet) or 80 p.p.m. S-MMTS. At 7 and 8 weeks of age all rats except those in the vehicle-treated groups were given s.c. injections of 15 mg/kg body wt azoxymethane (AOM). Rats receiving the control diet and intended for the study of inhibition of colon carcinogenesis during the promotion/progression phases were continued on the control diet for 14 weeks after the second AOM treatment; they were then switched to experimental diets containing 80 p.p.m. S-MMTS, 160 p.p.m. sulindac or 40 p.p.m. S-MMTS plus 160 p. p.m. sulindac. The rats were maintained on their respective dietary regimens until 52 weeks after carcinogen treatment and were then killed. Colon tumors were evaluated histopathologically. Administration of 80 p.p.m. S-MMTS alone during the initiation and post-initiation stages and promotion/progression stages had no significant effect on colon tumor inhibition. In contrast, the administration of 160 p.p.m. sulindac during the promotion/progression stages did significantly inhibit total colon tumor multiplicity (P < 0.05). Moreover, co-administration of 40 p.p. m. S-MMTS with 160 p.p.m. sulindac during the promotion/progression stages suppressed the incidence and multiplicity of non-invasive adenocarcinomas (P < 0.05-0.01) and multiplicity of invasive and total adenocarcinomas of the colon to a significant degree (P < 0. 05-0.01). These findings have potential clinical implications.
Driven by aspirations, but in what direction? Performance shortfalls, slack resources, and resource-consuming vs. resource-freeing organizational change

Research summary: Prior literature drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm has not considered how resource constraints impact the direction of organizational change in response to performance shortfalls relative to aspirations. We argue that decreasing financial resources resulting from substantial performance shortfalls and the absence or availability of slack resources together affect the emphasis on different types of organizational change in response to performance shortfalls. Using data on the acquisition and divestment behavior of 530 companies in the information and communications technology sector from 1992 to 2014, we find that the frequency of resource-consuming acquisitions and of resource-freeing divestments are affected differently by performance below aspirations and that these relationships are moderated by the level of financial slack. Managerial summary: This paper examines whether firms respond to performance shortfalls with acquisitions or divestments. We argue and show that the closer the firm is to the aspired level of performance, the more likely it is to respond with resource-consuming acquisitions to close the performance gap, whereas the further it is from aspired performance, the more likely the firm is to respond with divestments to free resources. Financial slack weakens these relationships between performance relative to aspirations and acquisitions or divestments such that it increases the likelihood of a response through acquisitions while it reduces the likelihood of a response through divestments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Into the gray: a modified approach to citation analysis to better understand research impact.

Academic authors and funders often want to know the “impact” of their publications, and this impact is generally judged by how and where the paper is cited in other academic works. This limited appraisal has been expanded in recent years as many are beginning to argue that nonacademic publishing venues should be included in assessing the impact of academic publications. This is an issue of particular concern with the growing emphasis on “knowledge translation” from the scientific literature to policy and practice applications 1–3 and to sources other than the traditional peer-reviewed and indexed venues, in other words, translation into the “gray literature” 4. In this comment and opinion piece, the authors describe the process of developing and applying a “modified citation analysis” that builds on existing methods of examining a research paper's impact in two key ways: (1) by deliberately including gray literature in the citation analysis search process, and (2) by including quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis to gain a better understanding of how a research paper was used. By broadening the search and deepening the level of analysis, we suggest this new approach can better assess the impact of a given research paper—both within and outside of traditional peer-reviewed venues. We begin with a review of gray literature and then describe current methods for analyzing the impact of a research paper. Finally, we use a specific example to describe our new approach, highlight its potential for evolving the field of citation and impact analysis, and discuss future refinements and evaluation.
Terrestrial Hyperspectral Image Shadow Restoration through Lidar Fusion

Acquisition of hyperspectral imagery (HSI) from cameras mounted on terrestrial platforms is a relatively recent development that enables spectral analysis of dominantly vertical structures. Although solar shadowing is prevalent in terrestrial HSI due to the vertical scene geometry, automated shadow detection and restoration algorithms have not yet been applied to this capture modality. We investigate the fusion of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) spatial information with terrestrial HSI for geometric shadow detection on a rough vertical surface and examine the contribution of radiometrically calibrated TLS intensity, which is resistant to the influence of solar shadowing, to HSI shadow restoration. Qualitative assessment of the shadow detection results indicates pixel level accuracy, which is indirectly validated by shadow restoration improvements when sub-pixel shadow detection is used in lieu of single pixel detection. The inclusion of TLS intensity in existing shadow restoration algorithms that use regions of matching material in sun and shade exposures was found to have a marginal positive influence on restoring shadow spectrum shape, while a proposed combination of TLS intensity with passive HSI spectra boosts restored shadow spectrum magnitude precision by 40% and band correlation with respect to a truth image by 45% compared to existing restoration methods.
Heat-Related Illness among Oregon Farmworkers

Farmworkers are particularly vulnerable to climate-sensitive health outcomes such as heat-related illness (HRI) given their tasks involve heavy exertion in an outdoor setting. The objectives of the study were to: (1) describe symptoms of HRI experienced by farmworkers and (2) explore factors associated with heat knowledge, level of concern regarding HRI, and comfort level taking breaks at work. Bilingual research staff conducted personal interviews of 100 farmworkers during July and August 2013. Data collected included demographics, work history and current work practices, trainings received, HRI symptoms experienced, health status, and health behaviors. Nearly 30% of participants reported experiencing ≥2 HRI symptoms during the previous work. Few participants had high level of heat knowledge (21.0%) and 15.6% of participants reported being “very concerned” about the health effects of working in hot conditions. Participants who were paid by the piece were more likely to have a high heat knowledge score and be “very concerned” about HRI but less likely to be “very comfortable” taking a break compared to workers paid by the hour than those who had not received HRI training. Results suggest several areas in which employers and agencies conducting outreach and education to the workers about HRI can change their practices including providing cooling measures and HRI training about risk factors for HRI.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPENSATION AND ORGANIZATIONCLIMATE ON WORK MOTIVATION AND THEIR IMPACTON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF BANK XXXCORPORATION AT TANJUNG PERAK

This study aims to determine the influence of compensation and organization climate on work motivation and their impact on employee performance of Bank XXX Corporation at Tanjung Perak. Samples in this study amounted to 102 respondents who are all employees of the frontliner. Endogenous variable in this study is Compensation (X1), Organization Climate (X2), intermediate variable is Work Motivation (Z) and as a bound variable is the Employee Performance (Y). The results showed a significant influence between Compensation with Work Motivation, between Organization Climate with Work Motivation, between Compensation and Employee Performance. No significant influence between Organization Climate and Employee Performance, between Work Motivation and Employee Performance.
Use of Ultra‐High Frequency Electrosurgery (Radiosurgery) for Cosmetic Surgical Procedures

background. Electrosurgery has been used for many decades in medicine. Some machines generate ultra‐high frequency current waveforms (radiosurgery), which minimize collateral tissue damage. objective. Personal experience using radiosurgery in the performance of cosmetic surgery is relayed in the narrative form to offer the reader a “how we do it” perspective. conclusion. Radiosurgery facilitates the performance of blepharoplasty, face lifting, hair restoration surgery, abdominoplasty, nasal reduction sculpturing of rhinophyma, and minor cosmetic procedures. Collateral heat damage is minimal allowing rapid healing and aesthetically pleasing scars.
[The validation of stereolithographic anatomical replicas: the authors' own experience and a review of the literature].

The visual three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CT findings has been used since the Seventies to design and plan complex surgical procedures. The availability of such models and the development of computer science have permitted, since the mid-Eighties, the medical use of rapid prototyping for anatomical modelling. We studied the technical steps of CT data processing for rapid prototyping and the dimensional and structural accuracy of replicas of skeletal components relative to the originals. A dried mandible and an arthrotic hip joint were compared with their stereolithographic replicas using the measurements made on CT images. The 3D graphic models were processed with a commercially available software and replicated with an SLA 250 stereolithographer (3D System Inc, Valencia CA, USA). Satisfactory morphologic agreement was found between the original and its replica. The mandibular replica exhibited dimensional errors ranging 0 to 4.03%, z-axis shortening and an increase in gonial angle, but with a reliable reproduction of details. The hip replica exhibited dimensional errors ranging . 2% to 8.53%; it appeared to be less affected than the mandibular replica by geometrical distortion but it was less accurate in the reproduction of cancellous bone and arthrosis. The accuracy of the solid replicas depends, in the different manufacturing steps, on several factors, namely: during data acquisition, the accuracy and suitability of original data, depending in turn on equipment and examination parameters--especially the algorithm, acquisition time, gantry tilt and slice thickness; image thresholding and manipulation procedures during graphic model creation; data transfer, creation of the necessary supports and replica finishing during manufacturing; residual polymerization affected by environmental agents and preservation conditions during maintenance.
Use of Focus Groups in Developing FAS/FASD Prevention in Russia

Fetal alcohol syndrome is a severe outcome of alcohol use during pregnancy, and the rates may be higher in countries with greater use of alcohol. To obtain information from Russian physicians (N = 23), women (N = 23), and male partners (N = 5), focus groups were conducted with 51 participants in St. Petersburg, Russia. The main objective was to determine the participants' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to drinking during pregnancy. Data were analyzed using ATLAS-ti 5.0. The results will be used to develop a survey of Russian professionals and women leading to FAS prevention programming. The study's limitations are described.
Evaluating the FRIENDS Program: A Cognitive-Behavioral Group Treatment for Anxious Children and Their Parents

Conducted the 1st randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of the FRIENDS program, a family-based group cognitive-behavioral treatment (FGCBT) for anxious children. Children (n = 71) ranging from 6 to 10 years of age who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for separation anxiety (SAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or social phobia (SOP) were randomly allocated to FRIENDS or to a 10-week wait-list control group. The effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated at posttreatment and 12-month follow-up. Results indicated that 69% of children who completed FGCBT were diagnosis-free, compared to 6% of children completing the wait-list condition. At 12-month follow-up, 68% of children were diagnosis-free. Beneficial treatment effects were also evident on the self-report measures completed by the children and their mothers. Parents and children reported high treatment satisfaction. Results suggest that FRIENDS is an effective treatment for clinically anxious children. Limitations of this study and directions for future research are discussed.
Interrelationship among Selected Voluntary Board Practices in Corporate Governance: Evidence from India

Past research discerns that companies following sound governance practices are valued better in the market. Since board of directors play a very crucial role in corporate governance, the present study has identified some selected voluntary board practices and examined them with the help of a sample of top listed companies in India. The analysis covered in this paper provide insights into the association between voluntary board practices followed by the companies with a special emphasis on CEO non-duality i.e. separating the roles of CEO and board Chairman. The other selected voluntary board practices include the existence of outsidercontrolled board, majority-independent board, super active board and the establishment of completely independent audit committee. The study also highlights the role of firm size in the relationships between selected voluntary board practices. In particular, this investigation divulges that there exists an association between some of the selected voluntary board practices and these relationships do vary according to the firm size status in magnitude as well as direction.