Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The flypaper effect in mexican local governments

espanolPresentamos evidencia del efecto papel matamoscas en las transferencias no condicionadas en los municipios mexicanos durante el periodo de 1990 a 2007. Utilizando datos de panel tambien se confirma la asimetria de este efecto. Es decir, la respuesta de las autoridades sobre el gasto local es mayor cuando las transferencias aumentan que cuando estas disminuyen (Gamkhar, 2000). Estos resultados son especialmente relevantes a la luz de la discusion que se ha desarrollado en los ultimos anos acerca de la necesidad de una reforma sobre el federalismo fiscal en el pais. EnglishIn this paper, we present evidence of the flypaper effect on unconditional transfers in the Mexican municipalities during the 1990 to 2007 period. Using panel data, we also confirm an asymmetric effect. That is, authorities increase expenditures by a greater amount in response to an increase in transfers than the amount by which they reduce expenditures in response to a decrease in transfers (Gamkhar, 2000). These results are particularly relevant in light of the discussion that has developed in recent years about the need for a reform on the fiscal federalism in the country.
Writing Procedure Texts Through “How To Make…” Video

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to describe whether there is effect in teaching writing procedure text for 7th grade students of SMP Al-Fattah Buduran Sidoarjo. The instrument to collect the data was test. After collected the data, the researcher analyzed it. The analysis of data were from pre test and post test score of experimental and control class. The result of the research showed that the mean score of experimental class higher than the mean of control class (83 > 69.07) and the t-test result showed the value of t-test is higher than the value of t-table. The value of t-test was 6.163 while the value of t-table on α = 5% was 1.699. It indicated that the hypothesis of this research was accepted. For the next researcher, hope this research can be alternative method for teaching writing procedure text through video.
Antiemetic management preferences for Australasian paramedic providers

Background Paramedics are commonly called to attend patients complaining of nausea and vomiting, with the treatment of these conditions being either antiemetics or palliative measures. There are currently four antiemetics available to paramedics across Australia and New Zealand. Historically, the use of these medications, or previous medications not available in current practice, has varied dependent on each region of practice. Objective We aimed to create a snapshot in time and determine which antiemetics have been used by paramedics across their careers, their preferences of use, and their beliefs regarding each antiemetic. Methods Using an online survey, a cross-sectional and historical analysis of current and post-antiemetic use was conducted using a 5-point Likert scale and free text qualitative answers. Paramedics were invited to answer questions regarding their demographic, previous and current antiemetic medications used, and preferences regarding these antiemetics. Results A total of 476 paramedics participated in the study. Ondansetron was found to be the preferred antiemetic for most cases with nausea and vomiting (n=378, 82%) with the second line choice being metoclopramide (n=62, 13.4%). Exceptions to this were for prochlorperazine, which showed a high preference for nausea related to migraine (n=179, 56.2%) or vertigo or motion sickness (n=243, 42%). Conclusion Preferences and decision making for choosing ondansetron over other antiemetics were primarily its efficacy, minimal side effects and availability. Historically, metoclopramide has been the most common antiemetic in paramedic practice but is not generally preferred due to its contraindications, perceived lower efficacy over other antiemetics and risk of side effects.
TURNING GENIUS INTO STANDARD BUSINESS PRACTICE A case for Institutionalising organisational knowledge at a growing professional services firm

The study investigates how employees experience knowledge sharing in a professional services environment recognising formal and tacit avenues for knowledge integration. The study builds on literature from organisational behaviour, knowledge management and organisational leadership and organisational design to investigate how project teams integrate knowledge in dynamic work environments to solve client problems. The study was carried out in collaboration with a growing management consultancy firm in South Africa. Through researching the firm’s knowledge management practices, findings from the report are used to generate recommendations for how the firm might institutionalise their organisational knowledge. The case firm’s challenge with scaling their knowledge management activities is argued as congruent with classic organisational challenges documented in the literature for fast-growing organisations. The thesis presents a thematic analysis of data collected during a 6-month study period to generate key qualitative themes pertaining to knowledge management. These findings are contrasted against data from two external perspectives to limit to contextual nature of the research making the findings applicable to a wider audience. The thesis concludes that taking a realistic stance on the costs of diverting resources into knowledge management activities is critical when seeking to make any changes to an existing system. Organisational knowledge comprises both strategic and operational elements that must be separated when reviewing and changing any knowledge management system. It is further argued that the separation of information from knowledge could reduce the time-effort of knowledge management freeing up time for management at the firm to focus on other strategic activities.The thesis presents four focus areas to assist with the institutionalisation of knowledge assets at the case firm. The focus areas pose questions around organisational identity, business unit silos, the relationship between mentorship and the pressure to deliver as well as a more direct look at knowledge management activities.
Estimating the Productivity Gains of Importing

Trade in intermediate inputs raises firm productivity as it enables producers to access both better and novel inputs of production. The question is: by how much? This paper develops a framework to answer this question. We explicitly allow for (i) firms sourcing from multiple countries, (ii) heterogeneity in the quality of these varieties, (iii) heterogeneity of fixed costs at the firm level and (iv) non-homothetic import demand. We provide direct evidence that all these aspects are empirically important. Our main results are as follows. First, we derive a simple formula, which is a consistent estimator for the distribution of productivity gains of past liberalization episodes and can be implemented in readily available firm-level data. In particular, the formula only requires knowledge of firms' domestic expenditure share and the elasticity of substitution between domestic and foreign varieties, which we obtain via production function estimation and exogenous variation in import spending. Secondly, we show that to perform counterfactual policy analysis the full model needs to be estimated. With homothetic demand, this is possible using simple linear econometric techniques. When non-homotheticities are allowed for, we need to take into account the entire non-linear structure of the theory. For the population of French importers, we find that the average firm-level gains relative to autarky are XX% [estimation in progress]. A 10% reduction in trade barriers increases firm productivity by XX% [estimation in progress] on average.
The Political Economy of Compensatory Redistribution: Unemployment, Inequality and Policy Choice

This paper explores common trends in inequality and redistribution across OECD countries from the late 1980s to 2013. Low? end inequality rises during economic downturns while rising top? end inequality is associated with economic growth. Most countries retreated from redistribution from the mid? 1990s until the onset of the Great Recession and compensatory redistribution in response to rising unemployment was weaker in 2008? 13 than in the first half of the 1990s. As unemployment and poverty risk have become increasingly become concentrated among workers with low education, middle? income opinion has become more permissive of cuts in unemployment insurance generosity and income assistance to the poor. At constant generosity, the expansion of more precarious forms of employment reduces compensatory redistribution during downturns because temporary employees do not have the same access to unemployment benefits as permanent employees.
SEARCH FOR TeV GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM POINT-LIKE SOURCES IN THE INNER GALACTIC PLANE WITH A PARTIAL CONFIGURATION OF THE HAWC OBSERVATORY

A survey of the inner Galaxy region of Galactic longitude l ∈ [ + 15 ° , + 50 ° ] ? > and latitude b ∈ [ − 4 ° , + 4 ° ] ? > is performed using one-third of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, operated during its construction phase. To address the ambiguities arising from unresolved sources in the data, we use a maximum likelihood technique to identify point source candidates. Ten sources and candidate sources are identified in this analysis. Eight of these are associated with known TeV sources but not all have differential fluxes that are compatible with previous measurements. Three sources are detected with significances >5 σ after accounting for statistical trials, and are associated with known TeV sources.
The adverse effects of inferior innovations

Abstract This research advances brand innovation research by examining the adverse effects of inferior innovative extensions on the brand innovability of own parent brands. Brand innovability conceptually consists of brand quality and innovativeness. The results reveal that radical and incremental inferior innovations exert asymmetric adverse effects on brand quality and innovability. For brand quality, inferior radical innovations exert more negative impacts on the quality of pioneer brands than on the quality of follower brands. However, inferior incremental innovations exert identical negative impacts on the quality of both pioneer and follower brands. For brand innovability, both inferior radical and incremental innovations exert more negative impacts on the innovability of pioneer brands than on the innovability of follower brands. In comparison, brand innovability is less susceptible than brand quality to inferior innovation information. The findings suggest that it is more justified to evaluate innovative brands with brand innovability, instead of brand quality, for two reasons. Firstly, brand innovability is more realistic than brand quality because brand innovability is more relevant than brand quality to profits. Secondly, brand innovability is inclusive of brand innovativeness, which ameliorates adverse effects when innovative extensions are inferior. The threat of inferior innovative extensions is less horrible than expectation if the adverse effects on the innovative brands are assessed with brand innovability, instead of brand quality. However, being innovative is like a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it helps generating more profits. On the other hand, it endangers innovative brands to be more susceptible to inferior innovative extensions. Therefore, for marketing implications, pioneer brands are more obliged than follower brands to ensure the success of radical innovations in order to avoid the possible adverse effects of inferior radical innovations. This research contributes brand innovation research by proposing the more relevant indicator of brand innovability to evaluate innovative brands.
The construction of collective identity in Malaysian ESL secondary classrooms

This study seeks to identify the construction of collective identity in ESL classroom among students in a secondary school in Selangor, Malaysia. Identity construction can be helpful in supporting students academically and socially, especially in the English language classrooms. Being non-native speakers, students may have the tendency to feel isolated because of the limited knowledge in English. A qualitative investigation was employed and the samples comprised of 12 secondary students from Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Jeram, Kuala Selangor. In-depth interviews were carried out with the respondents.The results revealed that when constructing their personal identities, individuals may want to identify themselves with the mutual interest of the groups they are part of. Identifying oneself with a group not only means wanting to be accepted, but also adhering to having mutual identities and values of the group. Therefore, the current study seems to confirm the finding of previous studies where researchers stated that the identity of an individual is defined by its majority group with whom the individuals share the physical environment and the territory they inhabit.
Analysis the Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction

Purpose: Living standard in low income developing countries always remain crucial issue to be addressed. In many developing countries, like Pakistan, microfinance has been used as a tool to gear up the living standard of poor people. The main aim of this study is to analyze the contribution of microfinance in raising the living standard of low income people and poverty reduction. This paper is about reducing the poverty level through micro financing. Design/methodology/approach: The researcher developed a questionnaire to examine the impact of microﬁnance for the development of poor people in Pakistan. In this study Content analysis is used to investigate the impact of micro finance on poverty reduction. Findings: The micro finance has the positive impact on poverty reduction and increase income level, education and develops the living standard of poor. The loan size will have the positive or negative effect on the people. There are many issues which are faces by the people for getting loan from financial institutions. Research limitations/implications: This research focuses upon a relatively small sample of poor people in the Pakistan. Although the results could be relevant to poor people in other developing countries, caution should be exercised when attempting to generalize these finding to other contexts. Originality/value: The analysis shows that the micro finance is important for poverty reduction. In Pakistan being a nation, approximate 70 percent of people live in rural areas and micro finance for rural being a powerful, and the only, tool for rural people in providing a means of livelihood, its importance and potential should be known to each individual. Keywords: Pakistan, Education, Microfinance, Family health, Household income, Poverty reduction.
NUMERICAL STUDY ON SIGNIFICANCE OF WIND ACTION ON 2-D FREAK WAVES WITH DIFFERENT PARAMETERS

This paper presents a numerical study on how the significance of wind action differs when varying the wave parameters. The quasi arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method (QALE-FEM) is used for this purpose. An improved model for wind-excited pressure and wind-driven current, which is recently developed by the authors of this paper [27], is coupled with the QALE-FEM. Many cases involving freak waves with different focusing time/point and frequency ranges under the action of winds are investigated. The results show that the significance of wind actions on freak waves strongly depends on the focusing time, the focusing point and the frequency range. The knowledge does not only help the proper set up of experiments studying wind effects on freak waves but also contributes to the development of a method for predicting freak waves.
Does Jatropha curcas L. show resistance to drought in the Sahelian zone of West Africa? A case study from Burkina Faso

Abstract. Land degradation is an environmental problem which weakens agro-sylvo-pastoral productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. The most common manifestation of land degradation is the appearance of denuded land. We carried out an experiment to test the effect of three soil and water conservation techniques on survival and growth of Jatropha curcas seedlings transplanted onto two completely denuded lands in the Sahelian and Sudanian zones of Burkina Faso. We implemented an experimental design with three replicates per restoration technique. A total of 174 seedlings were planted in each study site. The results showed that the soil water content varied according to the restoration technique used (df = 2; F = 53.21; p
Nonlinear models to describe the maize seed quality during the maturation stage: a Bayesian approach

The adjustment of linear and non-linear models to describe the longevity of seed was studied here. The Bayesian analysis is a robust statistical procedure with many possible applications. In this study, the Bayesian method was used to fit the seed germination data of two maize hybrids (OC705 and CD5501) as a function of the number of days after female flowering on two sowing dates (E1 and E2) to the following non-linear model: ) exp( ) ( Ct B A t y    . The accumulated dry biomass was also fit to the following nonlinear model: ) C / ) t B exp(( 1 /( A ) t ( y    . Ten consecutive assessments corresponding to intervals of four days were performed with four replicates. The sampling started 23 days after female flowering and the last sample was collected 59 days after this period. The Bayesian method enabled the study of germination curves. The results suggested the first sowing date (E1) for both hybrids as the most viable for planting. The results indicated 57 days after the female flowering as the ideal time for harvesting, when the maximum germination percentage (96 %) occurred. The procedure used in the present study also allowed an accurate comparison through the credibility intervals of the difference of the fit parameters, the hybrid types and the sowing dates. Therefore, this method was successfully applied to the seed industry to study germination percentage.
Abundance Variations within Globular Clusters

▪ Abstract Abundance variations within globular clusters (GCs), and of GC stars with respect to field stars, are important diagnostics of a variety of physical phenomena, related to the evolution of individual stars, mass transfer in binary systems, and chemical evolution in high density environments. The broad astrophysical implications of GCs as building blocks of our knowledge of the Universe make a full understanding of their history and evolution basic in a variety of astrophysical fields. We review the current status of the research in this field, comparing the abundances in GCs with those obtained for field stars, discussing in depth the evidence for H-burning at high temperatures in GC stars, describing the process of self-enrichment in GCs with particular reference to the case of the most massive Galactic GC (ω Cen), and discussing various classes of cluster stars with abundance anomalies. Whereas the overall pattern might appear very complex at first sight, exciting new scenarios are opening whe.
Designing of Time Truncated Acceptance Sampling Plans by Using Two-point Approach

We apply the two-point approach to the designing of acceptance sampling plans based on a truncated life test for various life distributions. Two points on the operating characteristic curve are utilized, which are associated with the consumer’s and the producer’s risks. The quality levels are expressed by the ratio of the true mean life to the specified life. The design parameters such as the sample size and the acceptance number will be determined by satisfying two risks at the specified quality levels simultaneously. Tables of design parameters for some selected distributions are prepared according to various levels of the consumer’s risk, test termination time and the quality levels at the producer’s risk. The results are explained with some examples and comparisons are made among the distributions considered.
On the representative elementary volumes of clay rocks at the mesoscale

Regarding clay rock at the mesoscale (that is, millimeter to centimeter), the structure of the porous clay matrix treated as continuum controls transport properties. Upscaling these mesoscale properties to the macroscale requires that representative elementary volumes (REVs) exists. The objective of this paper is to quantify the mesoscale REVs of the continuous clay matrix. Here, the REV is defined as the minimum volume for which the variance of the determined clay matrix content for one measured sample is sufficiently small. The calculations reveal a strong dependence of the size of REV on the clay matrix content. Assuming a relative error of 10% on the true bulk clay matrix content, the size of the REV increases from 200 microns to about 15 centimeter when the clay matrix content decreases from 0.7 to 0.13. The dependency of the size of REV on the clay matrix content is related to the grain size distribution of sand grains (e.g. carbonates and quartz). Sand grains in clay rocks with high sand contents have a wider grain size spectrum, which leads to a higher geometric complexity. This increases the size of the REV. Key words: Representative elementary volume, opalinus clay, shales.
Comparison of Wake-Vortex Parameters Measured by Pulsed and Continuous-Wave Lidars

Field trials carried out at Tarbes airfield in the summer of 2002 offered the unique opportunity to compare the results of simultaneous wake-vortex measurements by the 2-µm pulsed Doppler lidar from DLR, German Aerospace Research Center, and the 10-µm continuous wave (cw) Doppler lidars from ONERA and QinetiQ. The discrepancies in vortex core position obtained from the data of the pulsed lidar and the cw lidars are 9 m for the vertical and 13 m for the horizontal co-ordinates. The accuracies of the vortex circulation measurements with the DLR and ONERA lidars are almost the same and equal 13 m 2 /s. This accuracy and the long-range capability of the pulsed lidar allows precise measurements over long periods from the moment of wake generation to a progressed state of vortex decay. Moreover, the influence of different atmospheric turbulence conditions and aircraft configurations on the wake-vortex circulation can be analyzed. This has been demonstrated out of ground effect under conditions of weak to moderate levels of turbulence.