Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overweight Children: Is Parental Nutrition Knowledge a Factor?

Agreater proportion of U.S. children and adolescents are overweight than ever before. This has sounded a public health alarm. Overweight children are much more likely to end up obese when they are adults. Obesity in adulthood is a known risk factor for chronic diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and some forms of cancer. According to articles in a 1999 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, 280,000 annual deaths in the United States are attributable to obesity, and obesityrelated diseases may account for 6.8 percent of U.S. health care costs. What can be done to prevent the growing prevalence of obesity among U.S. children? Establishing a set of standards regarding whom to treat and how to treat them is a key step. In a recent issue of Pediatrics, a committee of childhood obesity experts provided a detailed set of guidelines for obesity evaluation and treatment. Prominent among the guidelines is the important role of parents and family. The committee called parenting skills “the foundation for successful intervention that puts in place . targeted reductions in high-fat, high-calorie foods. ” Yet, little is known about the association between nutrition knowledge and attitudes of the parents and the prevalence of overweight conditions among children. The committee noted that during the evaluation phase of treatment, it is essential to address a family’s readiness to make changes in diets and activity. This evaluation phase will be more effective if it can be ascertained whether the prevalence of overweight children is associated with such factors as parents’ perception of their own weight status, parents’ awareness of nutrition labels, and parents’ knowledge of links between diet and disease. USDA’s 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) is useful for exploring the association between parental nutrition knowledge and the prevalence of overweight children. The CSFII gathered the self-reported Body Mass Index (BMI) of household members, including children. BMI is a weight-for-height measure calculated as the ratio of weight in kilograms to the square of height in meters. An adult’s BMI value can be compared with standard BMI cutoff Overweight Children: Is Parental Nutrition Knowledge a Factor?
Simulations of fiber spinning and film blowing based on a molecular/continuum model for flow-induced crystallization

This paper describes the application of our recently developed two-phase model for flow-induced crystallization (FIC) to the simulation of fiber spinning and film blowing. 1-D and 2-D simulations of fiber spinning include the combined effects of (FIC), viscoelasticity, filament cooling, air drag, inertia, surface tension and gravity and the process dynamics are modeled from the spinneret to the take-up roll device (below the freeze point). 1-D model fits and predictions are in very good quantitative agreement with high- and low-speed spinline data for both nylon and PET systems. Necking and the associated extensional softening are also predicted. Consistent with experimental observations, the 2-D model also predicts a skin-core structure at low and intermediate spin speeds, with the stress, chain extension and crystallinity being highest at the surface. Film blowing is simulated using a "quasi-cylindrical" approximation for the momentum equations, and simulations include the combined effects of flow-induced crystallization, viscoelasticity, and bubble cooling. The effects of inflation pressure, melt extrusion temperature and take-up ratio on the bubble shape are predicted to be in agreement with experimental observations, and the location of the frost line is predicted naturally as a consequence of flow-induced crystallization. An important feature of our FIC model is the ability to predict stresses at the freeze point in fiber spinning and the frost line in film blowing, both of which are related to the physical and mechanical properties of the final product.l product.
Cascaded-systems analyses of photon-counting x-ray detectors

Single-photon counting (SPC) x-ray imaging has the potential to improve image quality and enable new advanced energy-dependent methods. Recently, cascaded systems analysis (CSA) has been extended to the description of the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of SPC detectors. In this article we apply the new CSA approach to the description of the DQE of hypothetical direct-conversion selenium (Sc) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTc) detectors including the effects of poly-energetic x-ray spectra, stochastic conversion of x-ray energy to electron hole (c-h) pairs, depth-dependent collection of e-h pairs using the Hecht relation, additive electronic noise, and thresholding. Comparisons arc made to an energy-integrating model. For this simple model, with the exception of thick (1- 10 mm) Sc-bascd convertors, we found that the SPC DQE was 5-20 %greater than that of the energy integrating model. This trend was tnw even when additive noise was included in the SPC model and excluded from the energy-integrating model. However, the DQE of SPC detectors with poor collection efficiency (such as thick (<1 mm) Sc detectors) and high levels of additive noise can be degraded by 40-90 % for all energies and x-ray spectra considered. vVhile photon-counting approaches arc not yet ready for routine diagnostic imaging, the available DQE is equal to or higher than that of conventional energy-integrating detectors under a wide range of x-ray energies and convertor thickness. However, like energy-integrating detectors, the DQE of SPC detectors will be degraded by the combination of poor collection efficiency and high levels of additive noise.
Water's Many Roles in Laser Photobiomodulation

The roles of water and carbon dioxide in laser/light interactions in higher-order biological systems and their implications in cellular microenvironments and complex systemic processes for the restoration of homeostasis-homeokinesis, even when metabolic pathways have been compromised, are discussed. This lecture summarizes three decades of pre-clinical and clinical investigations and the basis for a potentially new therapeutic approach for the treatment of advanced cancer and other complex diseases using laser photobiomodulation. We propose that light-water interactions offer a potent, alternate and complementary pathway to activate and modulate tumor suppression and/or proto-oncogenic expression through energy transfer via water and CO2 in multi-fractal regimes, leading to the coupling of spatiotemporal oscillators. Laser photobiomodulation may, thus, offer the possibility of targeting multiple hallmarks of cancer and other complex diseases using fit-for-purpose electromagnetic (light) energy to restore physiologically reparative and regenerative mechanisms that can help reestablish homeostasis-homeokinesis, constituting a new emerging paradigm in the treatment of cancer and other complex diseases.
Relationship between Teachers' Job Satisfaction and Their Attitudes towards Students' Beliefs and Motivation.

Many studies have been done in the developed countries due to the importance of job satisfaction; however, only a limited number of studies have been conducted on teachers’ job satisfaction in Iran. This study is an attempt to investigate the relationship between teachers’ job satisfaction and their attitudes towards students’ beliefs and motivation.To this end, both qualitative and quantitative research methods including interview protocols and questionnaire were utilized. To collect data, in the quantitative part of the study, a validated questionnaire was administered to sample of 340 among the English teachers, teaching in Iranian language institutes in Isfahan. After gathering the questionnaires, those teachers willing to be interviewed were selected for in-depth interview. Both quantitative and qualitative data were categorized, coded and analyzed based upon the main themes and the respective research questions. The results revealed that there are empirically positive significant relationships (t > 2.56, P < 0.001) between teachers’ job satisfaction and their attitudes toward students’ motivation and beliefs. Moreover, the interviews showed that teachers’ level ofjob satisfaction was high, although they are not satisfied with financial matters. The finding can shed more light on the area of teachers’ job satisfaction and related factors to have better understanding of the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance. Furthermore, educational institutions through considering the results of the study can improve teachers’ perceptions of their job and improve job environment to manage language learning institutes or schools better than before.
Temperature dependence of crystalline structure and DC performance in LLDPE/HDPE blending material

Thermoplastic blending material is considered as a recyclable environmental-friendly potential candidate for future direct current (DC) cable insulation. Although such a non-crosslinking material has been proved to be superior in certain properties compared with cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), one of the central concerns for the application of this material system lies in its DC performance at high temperature. In this paper, we investigate the DC conductivity and breakdown strength of a thermoplastic linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blending material under temperature range from 30 to 90°C, the results show that this blend exhibits better temperature-stability in DC performance, and it shows lower conductivity and higher breakdown strength compared with XLPE. The crystalline structure is studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the LLDPE/HDPE blend exhibits a co-crystalline structure with higher crystallinity and larger microcrystal, and when temperature rising, crystallinity and microcrystal size of blend decreases slower compared with XLPE. Such results might enable further application of the LLDPE/HDPE blend on DC cable insulation.
Biological water: femtosecond dynamics of macromolecular hydration

The unique features of a macromolecule and water as a solvent make the issue of solvation unconventional, with questions about the static versus dynamic nature of hydration and the physics of orientational and translational diffusion at the boundary. For proteins, the hydration shell that covers the surface is critical to the stability of its structure and function. Dynamically speaking, the residence time of water at the surface is a signature of its mobility and binding. With femtosecond time resolution it is possible to unravel the shortest residence times which are key for the description of the hydration layer, static or dynamic. In this article we review these issues guided by experimental studies, from this laboratory, of polar hydration dynamics at the surfaces of two proteins (Subtilisin Carlsberg (SC) and Monellin). The natural probe tryptophan amino acid was used for the interrogation of the dynamics, and for direct comparison we also studied the behavior in bulk watera complete hydration in 1 .
MOERA: Mobility-Agnostic Online Resource Allocation for Edge Computing

To better support emerging interactive mobile applications such as those VR-/AR-based, cloud computing is quickly evolving into a new computing paradigm called edge computing. Edge computing has the promise of bringing cloud resources to the network edge to augment the capability of mobile devices in close proximity to the user. One big challenge in edge computing is the efficient allocation and adaptation of edge resources in the presence of high dynamics imposed by user mobility. This paper provides a formal study of this problem. By characterizing a variety of static and dynamic performance measures with a comprehensive cost model, we formulate the online edge resource allocation problem with a mixed nonlinear optimization problem. We propose MOERA, a mobility-agnostic online algorithm based on the “regularization” technique, which can be used to decompose the problem into separate subproblems with regularized objective functions and solve them using convex programming. Through rigorous analysis we are able to prove that MOERA can guarantee a parameterized competitive ratio, without requiring any a priori knowledge on input. We carry out extensive experiments with various real-world data and show that MOERA can achieve an empirical competitive ratio of less than 1.2, reduces the total cost by $4 \times$4× compared to static approaches, and outperforms the online greedy one-shot solution by 70 percent. Moreover, we verify that even being future-agnostic, MOERA can achieve comparable performance to approaches with perfect partial future knowledge. We also discuss practical issues with respect to the implementation of our algorithm in real edge computing systems.
Exuberance in the U.K. Regional Housing Markets

We combine the estimation of a structural model with inference based on recently developed recursive unit root tests to analyse the behaviour of regional real estate markets in the U.K. over the last four decades. We find two episodes, the late 1980s and the early and mid-2000s, when all regional house prices experienced explosive dynamics above and beyond factors such as housing supply relative to demographics, income, regional spillovers and credit availability. This is the first econometric analysis to provide evidence that would endorse the view that â€˜bubblesâ€™, with a particular spatial pattern, are a feature of UK regional housing markets.
Advances in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) of 3-dimensional Gas-Liquid Multiphase Flows

The paper describes the need for multiphase flow modeling in industrial flow simulations in dependence on the encountered flow regimes and conditions. The principal concepts behind multiphase flow modeling for gas-liquid two-phase flows will be described and some current model formulations will be outlined in greater detail. Applications and validation studies for the presented model formulations will be shown for monodisperse bubbly flows under varying flow conditions, for polydisperse bubbly flows showing a broader bubble size distribution, bubble breakup & coalescence processes by using a new population balance model (the inhomogeneous NxM MUSIG model) and for gas-liquid stratified flows (slug flow) using an inhomogeneous VOF (free surface) model.
Maxillary Osteitis in the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

Purpose: Report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of maxillary osteitis. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study carried out in the Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO Teaching Hospital, covering a period of 7 years. Results: We registered 68 cases of maxillary osteitis with an annual hospital frequency of 9.71 cases. The mean age was 27.5 years +/-4.02 with extremes of 4 years and 72 years. Farmers/herders were the most concerned in 67.65% of the cases. Reasons for consultation were dominated by swelling of the cheek in 79.41% of cases. The average time to consultation was 7 months. Tooth decays and dental avulsions were mostly implicated in etiologies in 79.41% of the cases. Treatment provided was medical and surgical. All patients received antibiotic therapy. Surgical treatment involved 51.47% of patients. The evolution was favorable in 89.70% of the patients. Sequelae were found in 58.82% of the patients. Conclusion: Maxillary osteitis is common in our regions. Treatment is medical and surgical. It is marked by many difficulties, especially the delay in consultation.
Historical Analyses of Disordered Handwriting : Perspectives on Early 20 th-Century Material From a German Psychiatric Hospital

Handwritten texts carry significant information, extending beyond the meaning of their words. Modern neurology, for example, benefits from the interpretation of the graphic features of writing and drawing for the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases and disorders. This article examines how handwriting analysis can be used, and has been used historically, as a methodological tool for the assessment of medical conditions and how this enhances our understanding of historical contexts of writing. We analyze handwritten material, writing tests and letters, from patients in an early 20thcentury psychiatric hospital in southern Germany (Irsee/Kaufbeuren). In this institution, early psychiatrists assessed handwriting features, providing us novel insights into the earliest practices of psychiatric handwriting analysis, which can be connected to Berkenkotter’s research on medical admission records. We finally consider the degree to which historical handwriting bears semiotic potential to explain the psychological state and personality of a writer, and how future research in written communication should approach these sources. 1University of Augsburg, Lehrstuhl für Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft, Augsburg, Germany 2University of York, Heslington, York, UK Corresponding Author: Markus Schiegg, University of Augsburg, Lehrstuhl für Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft, Universitätsstraße 10, Augsburg 86159, Germany. Email: mail@markusschiegg.de 681988WCXXXX10.1177/0741088316681988Written CommunicationSchiegg and Thorpe research-article2016
THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE MALAYSIAN MEDICATION ADHERENCE SCALE (MALMAS) AMONG PATIENTS WITH 2 TYPE DIABETES IN MALAYSIA

Objective: Thus far, there is no gold standard for assessing medication adherence although various methods and assessment tools have been used. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of an assessment tool, the Malaysian Medication Adherence Scale (MALMAS). Methods: The MALMAS consists of one domain with 8 items. The face and content validity of the MALMAS was established via an expert panel. The MALMAS was compared to the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). A total of 84 patients with types 2 diabetes were recruited from a teaching hospital and randomly allocated to answer either the MALMAS (43 respondents) or the MMAS-8 (41 respondents). A retest was conducted 4 weeks later on each group. Results: Demographic and medical characteristics of participants who answered the MALMAS and MMAS-8 were similar. Reliability analysis of MALMAS produced a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.689 whereas that of the MMAS-8 was 0.504. All items in the MALMAS showed no significant difference in the test-retest analysis, indicating that the MALMAS has achieved stable reliability. There was no difference in psychometric properties of the MALMAS and the MMAS-8. In addition, MALMAS produced similar non-adherence rate as the MMAS-8 (34.9% and 36.6%, respectively; p=0.871). The MALMAS also produced similar results to that obtained from two questions posed via face-to-face interview on medication adherence and the reason(s) for non-adherence (p=0.625 and 0.486, respectively). Conclusion: The 8-item MALMAS developed in this study is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing medication adherence.
Quality of Life in Aymara patients with schizophrenia in the Central-Southern Andes

The study aimed to compare the quality of life (QoL) of patients with schizophrenia belonging to the Aymara ethnic group from the Central- Southern Andes, with Non-Aymara patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted in three mental health clinics in Chile, Peru, and Bolivia. The data included sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and the QoL was assessed using the S-QoL18. Comparative analyses explored QoL differences between Aymara and Non-Aymara patients. Two hundred and fifty-three patients participated. Aymara had lower QoL scores compared to Non-Aymara patients, for total Index, family relationships, and sentimental life dimensions. Monthly family incomes and disorder duration were significantly lower for Aymara patients. Our study supported the hypothesis of poor QoL in Aymara patients with schizophrenia, after considering other socio-demographic and clinical variables such as the attitude to medication.
Low Noise and High Photodetection Probability SPAD in 180 nm Standard CMOS Technology

A square shaped, low noise and high photo-response single photon avalanche diode suitable for circuit integration, implemented in a standard CMOS 180 nm high voltage technology, is presented. In this work, a p+ to shallow n-well junction was engineered with a very smooth electric field profile guard ring to attain a photo detection probability peak higher than 50% with a median dark count rate lower than 2 Hz/μm2 when operated at an excess bias of 4 V. The reported timing jitter full width at half maximum is below 300 ps for 640 nm laser pulses.
Endoscopic Posterior Nasal Neurectomy with Continuous-Suction Irrigation Method

Background: Endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy was developed in 1997. This surgery is often performed to reduce rhinorrhea and sneezing in patients with chronic rhinitis. The original technique involves resection of the posterior superior lateral nasal nerves at the sphenopalatine foramen. However, it is difficult to selectively resect only the nerves without injuring the blood vessels using this technique. As a result, several modified surgical procedures have been developed. Simultaneous resection of the nerves and blood vessels using a harmonic scalpel at the sphenopalatine foramen is the easiest procedure, but it is associated with a possibility of severe intraoperative or postoperative epistaxis. Resection of the peripheral nerves of the posterior nasal nerves in the inferior turbinate is are cently developed alternative to original endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy, but inferior turbinoplasty is necessary to resect the peripheral nerves. Therefore, this method should be unused for patients with no nasal obstruction. We developed a continuous-suction irrigation method for endoscopic nasal surgery in narrow surgical spaces. This method can clarify the surgical view resembling an underwater environment. It enables the surgeon to selectively resect the posterior superior lateral nasal nerves. We herein describe the performance of endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy with our new method. Method: Endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy was performed bilaterally for forty-three patients who have perennial rhinitis under general anesthesia. An irrigation-suction straw sheath system was used to create a fine surgical view resembling an underwater environment. Results: We performed endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy with a continuous-suction irrigation method in forty-three patients from January 2016 to May 2017 in Kosei Hospital, Japan. The posterior superior lateral nasal nerves were selectively resected in all patients. No severe complications occurred after surgery. Reduced subjective rhinorrhea and sneezing were observed after surgery in all cases. Conclusions: The posterior superior lateral nasal nerves can be safely resected using this technique without any complications. We believe that the original endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy can be performed easily and safely using our new method. Journal of Otolaryngology: Research Endoscopic Posterior Nasal Neurectomy with Continuous-Suction Irrigation Method. J Otolaryngol Res. 2017; 1(1):113. Abbreviations: EPNN: Endoscopic Posterior Nasal Neurectomy; SPF: Sphenopalatine Foramen; PNN: Posterior Nasal Nerves; SPA: Sphenopalatine Artery; PSLNN: Posterior Superior Lateral Nasal Nerves