Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social power and information technology implementation: a contentious framing lens

Research on the organizational implementation of information technology (IT) and social power has favoured explanations based on issues of resource power and process power at the expense of matters of meaning power. As a result, although the existence and importance of meaning power is acknowledged, its distinctive practices and enacted outcomes remain relatively under‐theorized and under‐explored by IT researchers. This paper focused on unpacking the practices and outcomes associated with the exercise of meaning power within the IT implementation process. Our aim was to analyze the practices employed to construct meaning and enact a collective ‘definition of the situation’. We focused on framing and utilizing the signature matrix technique to represent and analyze the exercise of meaning power in practice. The paper developed and illustrated this conceptual framework using a case study of a conflictual IT implementation in a challenging public sector environment. We concluded by pointing out the situated nature of meaning power practices and the enacted outcomes. Our research extends the literature on IT and social power by offering an analytical framework distinctly suited to the analysis and deeper understanding of the meaning power properties.
Artificial immune systems for the detection of credit card fraud: an architecture, prototype and preliminary results

Some biological phenomena offer clues to solving real‐life, complex problems. Researchers have been studying techniques such as neural networks and genetic algorithms for computational intelligence and their applications to such complex problems. The problem of security management is one of the major concerns in the development of eBusiness services and networks. Recent incidents have shown that the perpetrators of cybercrimes are using increasingly sophisticated methods. Hence, it is necessary to investigate non‐traditional mechanisms, such as biological techniques, to manage the security of evolving eBusiness networks and services. Towards this end, this paper investigates the use of an Artificial Immune System (AIS). The AIS emulates the mechanism of human immune systems that save human bodies from complex natural biological attacks. The paper discusses the use of AIS on one aspect of security management, viz. the detection of credit card fraud. The solution is illustrated with a case study on the management of frauds in credit card transactions, although this technique may be used in a range of security management applications in eBusiness.
Cleaning and asthma characteristics in women.

BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the associations between occupational exposure to cleaning products, a gender-related exposure, and asthma characteristics, considering clinical, immunological and inflammatory aspects. METHODS Analyses were conducted in 391 women (73 with adult-onset asthma) from the follow-up of the Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA). Occupational exposure to cleaning/disinfecting products was estimated using the asthma-specific job-exposure-matrix (44 women exposed). RESULTS Occupational exposures were associated with more symptomatic asthma (odds ratio (95% CI): 2.8(1.2-6.4)) and severe asthma (5.1(1.7-15.3)). An association was suggested for poorly controlled asthma (2.2(0.9-5.5)). Associations were observed for asthma without positive skin prick test (3.0(1.1-8.3)), with a low IgE level (2.8(1.2-6.2)), and with a low eosinophil count (3.2(1.5-7.1)). CONCLUSIONS Results strengthen the evidence of a deleterious role of cleaning products in asthma and are consistent with the hypothesis of non-allergic mechanisms in relation to workplace cleaning exposures.
Resolving uncertainty and creating value from the exercise of e‐commerce investment options

This study examines the effect of the resolution of uncertainty on real options exercise decisions with respect to three e‐commerce investment options: scale‐up, stage and joint investment, and the relationship between exercise of these options and firm performance. The results of a study of 172 public e‐commerce investment announcements show that resolution of external (exogenous) and internal (endogenous) uncertainty has a significant effect on option exercise decisions. However, the results also imply that simply waiting without investment in active learning does not create significant value from real options. The key differentiator is how a firm resolves endogenous uncertainty as this endows it with the ability to successfully undertake the information technology investment and exploit the economic opportunity implied by the resolution of exogenous uncertainty. Furthermore, our results imply that different options should be used to manage situations involving certainty of loss on one hand and severity of loss on the other hand. Thus, it is important for firms to make the right choices when using options‐based investing to manage risk. We suggest that, perhaps, managers need to maintain a portfolio of options to manage the two dimensions of risk simultaneously.
Predicting users' return to virtual worlds: a social perspective

Virtual worlds or three‐dimensional computer‐based simulated environments have received considerable attention as platforms for entertainment, education and commerce. In contrast to a web site, for example, where a user interacts with a two‐dimensional site, virtual worlds provide a platform in which users can interact with other individuals, sometimes including strangers, within three‐dimensional environments. Virtual worlds afford a form of ‘socialness’ unlike many other technologies, often motivating a user – by virtue of these social experiences – to return. Drawing on the Spatial Model of Interaction and Awareness‐Attention Theory, we demonstrate that besides social aspects, which include social awareness and social perception, flow experience, which is the mental state of being fully absorbed and somewhat lost in time, is an essential ingredient in an individual's decision to return to a virtual world. We also demonstrate how characteristics of the technology are linked to the social aspects experienced in virtual worlds. A laboratory study conducted in a virtual world, Second Life, supports our assertions and identifies state predictors of flow that influence individuals' intentions to return to the virtual world environment.
Personal information privacy and emerging technologies

This research presents a model of personal information privacy (PIP) that includes not only transactional data gathering, but also interorganisational data sharing. Emerging technologies are used as a lens through which the discussion of PIP management is extended. Research directions are developed for aspects of privacy, privacy‐preserving technologies, interorganisational data sharing and policy development.
High hsCRP is associated with reduced lung function in structural firefighters.

BACKGROUND To assess the association between markers of systemic inflammation and pulmonary function in a population of structural firefighters. METHODS We studied male career members of a large Midwestern fire department with questionnaires, spirometry, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a biomarker of systemic inflammation. We examined percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 %-predicted) and forced vital capacity (FVC%-predicted). RESULTS Complete data were available for 401 firefighters. Higher hsCRP levels were associated with lower lung function values, after adjusting for confounding variables. Specifically, for every twofold increase in log10-hsCRP, FEV1 %-predicted decreased by a mean 1.5% (95% CI: 0.4, 2.6%) and FVC%-predicted decreased by a mean 1.4% (95% CI: 0.4, 2.3%). CONCLUSION hsCRP as a biomarker of systemic inflammation may indicate reduced lung function in structural firefighters.
Science, Truth, and Democracy

Any books that you read, no matter how you got the sentences that have been read from the books, surely they will give you goodness. But, we will show you one of recommendation of the book that you need to read. This science truth and democracy is what we surely mean. We will show you the reasonable reasons why you need to read this book. This book is a kind of precious book written by an experienced author.
Worker assessments of organizational practices and psychosocial work environment are associated with musculoskeletal injuries in hospital patient care workers.

BACKGROUND Hospital patient care (PC) workers have high rates of workplace injuries, particularly musculoskeletal injuries. Despite a wide spectrum of documented health hazards, little is known about the association between psychosocial factors at work and OSHA-recordable musculoskeletal injuries. METHODS PC-workers (n = 1,572, 79%) completed surveys assessing a number of organizational, psychosocial and psychological variables. Associations between the survey responses and injury records were tested using bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS A 5% of the PC-workers had at least one OSHA-recordable musculoskeletal injury over the year, and the injuries were significantly associated with: organizational factors (lower people-oriented culture), psychosocial factors (lower supervisor support), and structural factors (job title: being a patient care assistant). CONCLUSIONS The results show support for a multifactorial understanding of musculoskeletal injuries in hospital PC-workers. An increased focus on the various dimensions associated with injury reports, particularly the organizational and psychosocial factors, could contribute to more efficient interventions and programs.
Characterization and expression of the odorant‐binding protein 7 gene in Anopheles stephensi and comparative analysis among five mosquito species

Odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) are important molecular players in insect olfaction, which has a great influence on the host‐seeking behaviour of mosquitoes and other disease vectors. The mRNA level of the Anopheles gambiae Obp7 gene (Agam‐Obp7) is higher in the adult female antennae and is slightly reduced in the female heads after blood‐feeding. Here we report the cloning, sequencing, chromosomal mapping and transcript analysis of Aste‐Obp7, the Obp7 gene from the Asian malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR showed that in adult female mosquitoes, Aste‐Obp7 was expressed abundantly in the antennae, much less in pooled maxillary palp and proboscis and at the lowest level in the legs. The Aste‐Obp7 level in female antennae was significantly higher than in male antennae and it slightly increased 24 h after a bloodmeal. The same pattern held for leg samples as well. The Aste‐Obp7 mRNA level dropped more than 10‐fold in the female maxillary palp and proboscis after a bloodmeal, although it was still significantly higher than in the males. Together, the above expression profiles suggest that Aste‐Obp7 probably functions in female olfaction and may possibly be involved in behaviour related to blood‐feeding. We also characterized the Obp7 gene from Anopheles quadriannulatus. Comparison among Anopheles Obp7 genes revealed conserved noncoding sequences that contain potential regulatory elements. The coding sequence and gene structure of Obp7 as well as local synteny of surrounding genes are conserved among the three Anopheles species and two divergent mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. OBP7 protein phylogeny is congruent with the mosquito phylogeny and there is evidence of purifying selection acting on the mosquito Obp7 gene. Comparative genomics analysis will improve our understanding of the evolution and regulation of genes involved in mosquito olfaction.
Conservation and Diversification of Dileucine Signal Recognition by Adaptor Protein (AP) Complex Variants*

The clathrin-associated, heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes, AP-1, AP-2, and AP-3, recognize signals in the cytosolic domains of transmembrane proteins, leading to their sorting to endosomes, lysosomes, lysosome-related organelles, and/or the basolateral membrane of polarized epithelial cells. One type of signal, referred to as “dileucine-based,” fits the consensus motif (D/E)XXXL(L/I). Previous biochemical analyses showed that (D/E)XXXL(L/I) signals bind to a combination of two subunits of each AP complex, namely the AP-1 γ-σ1, AP-2 α-σ2, and AP-3 δ-σ3 hemicomplexes, and structural studies revealed that an imperfect variant of this motif lacking the (D/E) residue binds to a site straddling the interface of α and σ2. Herein, we report mutational and binding analyses showing that canonical (D/E)XXXL(L/I) signals bind to this same site on AP-2, and to similar sites on AP-1 and AP-3. The strength and amino acid requirements of different interactions depend on the specific signals and AP complexes involved. We also demonstrate the occurrence of diverse AP-1 heterotetramers by combinatorial assembly of various γ and σ1 subunit isoforms encoded by different genes. These AP-1 variants bind (D/E)XXXL(L/I) signals with marked preferences for certain sequences, implying that they are not functionally equivalent. Our results thus demonstrate that different AP complexes share a conserved binding site for (D/E)XXXL(L/I) signals. However, the characteristics of the binding site on each complex vary, providing for the specific recognition of a diverse repertoire of (D/E)XXXL(L/I) signals.
Work schedules and 11-year progression of carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged Finnish men.

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the relationship between different work schedules and progression of carotid atherosclerosis, an early indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS We studied 621 men, aged 42-60 years, in the prospective Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study cohort. Using multivariable regressions adjusting for 22 covariates including total time worked during follow-up, we evaluated the associations of baseline work schedules with 11-year progression of ultrasonographically assessed carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and their variation by preexisting CVD. RESULTS Standard daytime work, weekend shifts, and evening/night/rotating shifts were associated with 31%, 37%, and 33% increases in IMT, respectively. Compared to daytime workers, weekend workers experienced a faster progression of carotid atherosclerosis [relative change ratio (RCR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.09)]. This ratio was higher among men who had preexisting CVD. CONCLUSIONS Weekend shifts, more than standard daytime work, appear to accelerate carotid atherosclerosis progression among middle-aged Finnish men, especially those with pre-existing CVD.
Characteristics of nonfatal occupational injuries among U.S. workers with and without disabilities.

BACKGROUND Workers with disabilities have a higher risk of nonfatal occupational injuries than workers without disabilities. The characteristics of these injuries are not well described. METHODS Using 1997-2011 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data, we compared the nonfatal occupational injuries sustained by U.S. workers with and without disabilities. RESULTS Overexertion or strenuous movements and falls accounted for 56.7% of all occupational injuries in workers with disabilities, compared with 45.6% in workers without a disability. Workers with disabilities were more frequently injured in the lower extremity (32.3% vs. 26.6%) or torso (22.9% vs. 16.9%). Workers with disabilities sustained more unspecified injuries (13.5% vs. 7.9%) and fewer open wound injuries (15.7% vs. 24.2%) than their counterparts without a disability. CONCLUSIONS U.S. workers with disabilities had a higher rate of occupational injuries and these injuries tended to be more severe and were more likely to be caused by overexertion/ strenuous movement or falls.
Halloween genes and nuclear receptors in ecdysteroid biosynthesis and signalling in the pea aphid

The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) is the first whole genome sequenced insect with a hemimetabolic development and an emerging model organism for studies in ecology, evolution and development. The insect steroid moulting hormone 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) controls and coordinates development in insects, especially the moulting/metamorphosis process. We, therefore present here a comprehensive characterization of the Halloween genes phantom, disembodied, shadow, shade, spook and spookiest, coding for the P450 enzymes that control the biosynthesis of 20E. Regarding the presence of nuclear receptors in the pea aphid genome, we found 19 genes, representing all of the seven known subfamilies. The annotation and phylogenetic analysis revealed a strong conservation in the class of Insecta. But compared with other sequenced insect genomes, three orthologues are missing in the Acyrthosiphon genome, namely HR96, PNR‐like and Knirps. We also cloned the EcR, Usp, E75 and HR3. Finally, 3D‐modelling of the ligand‐binding domain of Ap‐EcR exhibited the typical canonical structural scaffold with 12 α‐helices associated with a short hairpin of two antiparallel β‐strands. Upon docking, 20E was located in the hormone‐binding groove, supporting the hypothesis that EcR has a role in 20E signalling.
Comparative analysis of detoxification enzymes in Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae

Herbivorous insects use detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glutathione S‐transferases, and carboxy/cholinesterases, to metabolize otherwise deleterious plant secondary metabolites. Whereas Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) feeds almost exclusively from the Fabaceae, Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) feeds from hundreds of species in more than forty plant families. Therefore, M. persicae as a species would be exposed to a greater diversity of plant secondary metabolites than A. pisum, and has been predicted to require a larger complement of detoxification enzymes. A comparison of M. persicae cDNA and A. pisum genomic sequences is partially consistent with this hypothesis. There is evidence of at least 40% more cytochrome P450 genes in M. persicae than in A. pisum. In contrast, no major differences were found between the two species in the numbers of glutathione S‐transferases, and carboxy/cholinesterases. However, given the incomplete M. persicae cDNA data set, the number of identified detoxification genes in this species is likely to be an underestimate.
Support for mothers by early childhood centres : a qualitative study : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

Mothers have been involved with early childhood centres since their inception. Apart from obvious benefits for their children this liaison has also been important for mothers through gains in parenting knowledge, increased confidence and personal wellbeing. The present study argues that this is pertinent to appropriate and focused support being crucial for mothers at the life stage of adjustment to early parenting when disruption of networks has occurred. As well, it reflects the responsibility of institutions such as early childhood centres to fulfil these needs in a society where traditional support has fragmented. The study was designed to explore ways in which support mechanisms operated in four different early childhood services, through the medium of interviews. The unique findings in the study culminated in six propositions that showed support to be a product of mothers’ own activity in building relationships and contributing to their centre community. At the same time irrespective of service type all centres operated upon the basis of both formal and informal systems of support. Consequently, whilst mothers’ activities were most favoured by socially co-operative environments, they were opportunists in both systems. However, of major concern was that the informal systems were the most effective, as the statement of Desirable Objectives and Practices (Ministry of Education, 1996) exhorts staff to consider parent interactions as partnerships and The Strategic Plan for Early Childhood Education (Ministry of Education, 2002) has a vision of socially co-operative practices. Teachers rather than being unwilling to establish more collaborative styles of leadership were hampered by a lack of confidence in working with parents. Difficulties were the consequence of professional attitudes to trained knowledge, unmodified by the benefits of training to facilitate adults. Addressing these issues will not only help teachers to develop more collaborative systems that will facilitate support for mothers, but it will also ensure partnerships that make better use of their services to the mutual benefit of early childhood centre communities.
Prophylactic, Risk-Reducing Surgery in Unaffected BRCA-Positive Women: Quality Of Life, Sexual Functioning and Psychological Well-Being

Women with an inherited BRCA mutation are at significantly increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer, often diagnosed at an earlier age than sporadic cancers. Prophylactic surgery, with bilateral mastectomy and/or bilateral prophylactic salpingooophorectomy, represents an option for risk reduction. The purpose of this study was to explore quality of life, sexual functioning, menopausal symptoms, psychological wellbeing and satisfaction with risk management decisions for BRCA-positive women ages 21 to 50 (M = 38.4 years), without a personal history of cancer. A web-based, crosssectional study design was utilized to compare women opting for any prophylactic surgery (n = 160) with those without a history of prophylactic surgery (n = 71). Quality of life (per the Quality of Life Index, Self-Anchoring Striving Scale and Body Image Quality of Life measures) and Psychological General Well-Being Index scores were essentially the same across the entire study sample. While controlling for age, prophylactic surgery (PS) predicted more severe symptoms of sexual dysfunction as measured by the Female Sexual Functioning Index (total score, Desire, Arousal, Lubrication and Satisfaction domains). Similarly, PS predicted menopausal symptoms and sleep difficulties. Women who had not undergone any prophylactic surgery had higher levels of Stigma and lower levels of Mastery, as measured by the BRCA SelfConcept scale. Prophylactic surgery also predicted higher levels of Satisfaction with Decision for hereditary cancer risk management. Findings from this exploratory study provide insight into the quality of life, sexual functioning and psychological well-being
Biomarkers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and serum liver enzymes.

BACKGROUND Limited evidence suggests that human liver toxicity is associated with exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). METHODS The association of urinary PAH metabolites with serum liver enzymes was tested among 288 workers at a petrochemical plant, using a general linear model (GLM) and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Urine 2-naphthol levels were positively correlated with serum AST after adjustment for covariates in GLM. Comparing third tertile versus first tertile of 2-naphthol levels, the odds ratios (OR) were elevated for abnormal serum AST levels [OR = 4.1 (95%CI 1.6-10.2)] and abnormal serum ALT levels [OR = 2.4 (95%CI 1.2-4.9)]. CONCLUSIONS Although confounding by alcohol intake was not completely ruled out, our findings demonstrate an association between PAHs exposure and elevation in serum liver enzymes. Urinary 2-naphthol is a biomarker of exposure to PAHs that is associated with liver toxicity.