Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rescheduling flowshops under simultaneous disruptions

Production planning and scheduling systems are pervasive in manufacturing systems to increase productivity, variety and customization without incurring in high costs. A large number of impromptu disruptions frequently affect the scheduled operations and invalidate the original schedules. Rescheduling actions have to be triggered in order to reduce the impact on the performance of the system. A large body of research covering miscellaneous problem characteristics can be found in the scheduling literature. Even so, the application of scheduling techniques is still infrequent in real-life scheduling problems. In this work we generate eight types of disruptions that affect the original schedules simultaneously. We apply three rescheduling methods and compare their results with simple rule based repair actions typically employed in production environments. Statistical analysis is used to demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform the rule based approaches by a significant margin, highlighting their effectiveness in real life manufacturing settings.
Monoclonal antibodies against the 70-kilodalton iron-regulated protein of Neisseria meningitidis are bactericidal and strain specific

When grown under iron limitation, Neisseria meningitidis expresses a number of outer membrane proteins (OMPs), one of which is a 70-kilodalton (kDa) major OMP. After immunization of mice with outer membrane preparations of iron-depleted cells of strain H44/76 (B:15:P1.7,16), hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies against the 70-kDa OMP were obtained. Some of these monoclonal antibodies demonstrated strong bactericidal activity against the homologous strain H44/76 in the presence of human complement, suggesting potential application of the 70-kDa OMP as a vaccine component. However, none of the 10 selected monoclonal antibodies was able to recognize the corresponding protein from five heterologous strains of various serosubtyping characteristics. A polyclonal anti-70-kDa OMP serum also did not react with the other strains. This result shows that immunodominant surface-exposed epitopes of the meningococcal 70-kDa iron-limitation-inducible OMP are strain specific.
Intonational phrasing in Romance: The role of syntactic and prosodic structure

ions, not actual phonetic events [. ]. In some cases this means that conspicuous phonetic breaks occur at major constituent boundaries, but this is neither the essence of the boundary nor the only factor governing the distribution of the intonational features”. 6 In this work we will not specifically tackle the issue of whether our higher level prosodic breaks are intonational phrase breaks proper (Ip) or intermediate phrase breaks (ip), though some discussion will be offered in the individual language sections. 7 Speaker PG sporadically produced the whole utterance in a single prosodic phrase, probably because he was speaking somewhat faster than speaker NM. 8 When branching (or double-branching) subjects were followed by double-branching objects (e.g., La boliviana de Badalona mirava la melmelada meravellosa de la Maria) we observed two possible strategies to resolve the unbalanced phrase lengths. First, the speaker produced the verb as a plateau, separating it from both the subject and the object. Second, the speaker further separated the object constituent into two prosodic phrases, separating the last prepositional phrase (e.g., (La boliviana de Badalona)(mirava la melmelada meravellosa)( de la Maria)). That is, when unbalanced (S)(VO) groupings appear, other prosodic compensation strategies emerge such as further regrouping of the [VO] constituent. 9 A contrast is found between the behavior of short branching S (La nena mora) and long non-branching S (La boliviana), which contain the same number of syllables: the latter cases have a higher tendency to have (SV)(O) renderings (around a 10% increase). This effect shows that the "phonological weight" of the phrase is computed not only by looking at number of syllables but also at the number of stresses and/or prosodic words. 10 However, see note 3 for a more precise syntactic analysis.
The Advanced Data Acquisition Model (ADAM): A Process Model for Digital Forensic Practice

As with other types of evidence, the courts make no presumption that digital evidence is reliable without some evidence of empirical testing in relation to the theories and techniques associated with its production. The issue of reliability means that courts pay close attention to the manner in which electronic evidence has been obtained and in particular the process in which the data is captured and stored. Previous process models have tended to focus on one particular area of digital forensic practice, such as law enforcement, and have not incorporated a formal description. We contend that this approach has prevented the establishment of generally accepted standards and processes that are urgently needed in the domain of digital forensics. This paper presents a generic process model as a step towards developing such a generally-accepted standard for a fundamental digital forensic activity-the acquisition of digital evidence.
Lexical and Pragmatic Development of Italian Children During the Second Year of Life: a Longitudinal Study

A longitudinal study on the lexical and pragmatic development of 24 Italian children during the second year of life is presented. Parents filled in the PVB inventory and were interviewed using PICA parental interview at 14, 18 and 24 months of age of their children. Results are consistent with previous findings that underlined the individual stability of language acquisition and show the positive correlations between lexical and communicative acts increments. Those findings point out the possibility of a very early intervention if there is a late language emergence.
Characterization of HIV Isolates Arising After Prolonged Zidovudine Therapy

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was isolated from five patients with late-stage disease treated with zidovudine (ZDV) for more than 1 year. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used for all virus isolations and to assay for drug resistance. The isolates exhibited a 10− to 100-fold decrease in ZDV susceptibility compared to pretreatment isolates. Multiple clones of a 618 bp segment of the HIV reverse transcriptase gene encompassing codons 60–250 were sequenced for each isolate. The association of alterations at codons Asp67 → Asn, Lys70 → Arg, Thr215 → Phe or Tyr, and Lys219 → Gin with ZDV resistance has been previously noted (ref. 5). In this study, the most frequent alteration was Thr215 → Tyr although genotypic mixtures of Thr/Tyr and Phe/Tyr were also observed. One isolate with a Tyr215 alteration and unaltered codons at 67, 70, and 219 had high-level ZDV resistance. Alterations at codons 67, 70, and 219 did not appear to increase resistance when seen in combination with Tyr215. Virus isolates obtained from each patient by cultivation with either 0 or 4 μM ZDV were compared and found to have similar alterations at codons 67, 70, 215, and 219, although one instance of apparent in vitro selection for Tyr215 over Phe215 was observed. Assays using PBMCs for virus propagation will permit susceptibility testing of HIV isolates from most patients on antiretroviral drugs to investigate the clinical significance of drug resistance.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA AND INFARCTION IN ENGLAND

We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on a case note review to determine whether there are differences in the treatment pathways followed for men and women admitted with acute myocardial ischemia and infarction after adjusting for differences in case mix. Women were as likely as men to receive thrombolysis, but were less likely subsequently to undergo exercise testing (adjusted odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40–0.84) or angiography (adjusted odds ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39–0.99). Coronary anatomy was the strongest predictor of revascularization regardless of sex. Women with diagnosed cardiac pain are less likely than men to be placed on the investigative pathways that lead to revascularization. Those women who are investigated are as likely as men to undergo revascularization. These findings are independent of the effects of age, angina grade, comorbidity, or cardiac risk factors. Clinicians' and patients' beliefs and preferences about treatment require investigation.
Hydroxyapatite granules interposed at bone-cement interface in total hip replacements: histological study of retrieved specimens.

The effect of hydroxyapatite (HA) granules interposed between bone and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement in total hip replacement was histologically evaluated. The technique consisted of smearing 2-5 g of HA granules (straight phi = 100-300 microm) onto the bone surface just before cementing. Four specimens containing well-fixed bone-cement interface were retrieved at 1, 2, 6, and 10 years postoperatively and examined with back-scattered electron microscopy and light microscopy. The majority of HA granules were incorporated into remodeled trabeculae, and highly convoluted bone-cement interface was maintained up to 10 years. The presence of active remodeling in the adjacent bone was observed. There were no significant inflammatory or foreign body reactions against interposed HA granules. In one specimen retrieved from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, bone formation around HA granules was limited after 1 year. These results have provided histological evidence for the significantly reduced incidence of radiolucent lines in total hip replacement with this cementing technique, reported elsewhere.
Nationwide prevalence study of hypertension and related non‐communicable diseases in The Gambia

The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and obesity in The Gambia was assessed in a 1% population sample of 6048 adults over 15 years of age. 572 (9.5%) subjects were hypertensive according to WHO criteria (a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 95 mmHg or above and/or a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 160 mmHg or above); 325 (5.4%) had a DBP of 95 mmHg or above, and 39 (2.3%) a DBP of 105 mmHg or above; 428 (7.1%) had a SBP of 160 mmHg or above. By less conservative criteria (a DBP of 90 mmHg or above and/or SBP of 140 mmHg or above), 24.2% of subjects were hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension was similar in the major ethnic groups and in urban and rural communities. Age and obesity were risk factors for hypertension; female sex was an additional risk factor for diastolic hypertension. Several communities had a prevalence of diastolic hypertension double the national rate, and significant community clustering of diastolic hypertension (P < 0.01) was confirmed by Monte Carlo methods. Genetic and/or localized environmental factors (such as diet or Schistosoma haematobium infection), may be involved. 140 (2.3%) subjects were obese. Obesity was associated with female sex, increasing age, urban environment, non‐manual work and diastolic hypertension. Only 14 (0.3%) subjects were found to be diabetic. Hypertension appears to be very prevalent in The Gambia, with a substantial population at risk of developing target organ damage. Further studies to delineate this risk and appropriate interventions to reduce it are needed.
Long-term follow-up of severe protein-energy malnutrition in Eastern Zaïre.

In an area in Eastern Zaire where protein-energy malnutrition is highly endemic 171 children who had been treated for severe protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) wer traced after discharge from hospital for 5 years. Their nutritional status on admission was as follows: kwashiorkor 5% marasmus 1% marasmic kwashiorkor 93% nutritional dwarfism 1%. The average age on admission was 46 months. The proportion surviving to the end of 5th year was 0.816. This proportion surviving was lowest for the year following discharge from hospital especially for the youngest children. Follow-up included a clinical examination the measurement of height and weight and the determination of serum albumin by paper electrophoresis. No catch-up for weight and for height was observed and the serum albumin concentrations decreased after the 1st year. Neither weight for age nor height for age are associated in this study with increased frequency of death either at 1 year or at 5 years after discharge. There is no significant acceleration in growth for height or weight among survivors during the 5 years after discharge. Serum albumin concentrations at the end of the 1st year remain simiar to those observed on discharge but they decrease markedly thereafter. Children who suffer from PEM before the age of 2 have a decreased chance of survival the risk of death being particularly high during the 1st year of discharge.
Involvement of glutathione/glutathione S‐transferase antioxidant system in butyrate‐inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is an important etiological factor in vascular proliferative diseases such as primary atherosclerosis, hypertension, arterial and in‐stent restenosis, and transplant vasculopathy. Our studies established that butyrate, a bacterial fermentation product of dietary fiber and a chromatin modulator, is a potent inhibitor of VSMC proliferation. The cardiovascular health benefits of a high‐fiber diet, the principle source of butyrate in the body, have been known for a long time, however, very little is known about the antiatherogenic potential of butyrate. Because oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we examined involvement of the glutathione/glutathione S‐transferase (GST) antioxidant system in butyrate's inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Treatment of proliferating VSMCs with butyrate leads to the induction of several GSTs. Interestingly, our study also demonstrated the nuclear localization of GST‐P1 (GST‐7‐7), which is considered to be a cytosolic protein; this was demonstrated using immunostaining and was corroborated by western blotting. Also, the butyrate‐induced antiproliferative action, and the induction of GST‐P1 and its nuclear localization are downregulated when butyrate is withdrawn. Furthermore, assessment of intracellular glutathione levels reveals their augmentation by butyrate. Conversely, butyrate treatment reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species in VSMCs. Collectively, the butyrate‐treatment‐related increase in glutathione content, the reduction in reactive oxygen species, the upregulation of GST and the nuclear localization of GST‐P1 in growth‐arrested VSMCs imply that butyrate's antiproliferative action involves modulation of the cellular redox state. Thus, induction of the glutathione/GST antioxidant system appears to have other regulatory role(s) besides detoxification and regulation of the cellular redox state, for example, cell‐cycle control and cell proliferation, which are both critical to atherogenesis.
Protecting Data Source Location Privacy in Wireless Sensor Networks against a Global Eavesdropper

Data source location privacy (DSLP) is of great importance for some asset monitoring applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Besides the source simulation (SS) method to protect the DSLP against a global eavesdropper in WSNs, other existing methods are based on the panda-hunter game model (PHGM) without considering the communication between data sources and reporter sources, which can cause them to be ineffective. Moreover, there are two limitations in SS. First, the reporter source cannot generate effective event reports. Second, it is unsuitable to track multiobjects accurately. To address the former issue, an improved source simulation (ISS) method is proposed which adjusts the event report strategy. To solve the latter issue, an updated-panda-hunter game model (UPHGM) is proposed and a formal model of the DSLP issues is also presented. Then, based on the UPHGM, an energy-efficient grid-based pull (GBP) scheme is designed to protect the DSLP by combining a light-weight security object collection scheme with an effective grid partition method. Analysis and simulation results show that GBP outperforms SS and ISS in terms of energy cost on the whole.
Early nutritional depletion in critically ill children

&NA; Nutritional status was evaluated in 50 medical admissions to a pediatric ICU. All patients were evaluated within 48 h of admission; none had chronic organ failure or malignancies. Nutritional assessment included weight/50th percentile weight for length, length/50th percentile length for age, triceps skinfold thickness, and midarm muscle circumference. Acute protein‐energy malnutrition (PEM) occurred in 16% of all children. Chronic PEM also occurred in 16%. The nutrient stores of fat and somatic protein were deficient in 18 and 20% of all children. Acute PEM and deficient somatic protein stores were more frequent in children < 2 years ( p < 0.05). These findings indicate that malnutrition and nutrient store deficiencies are common early in the course of critical illnesses in children, especially in those < 2 years of age. However, the findings do not indicate if the severity of illness was the cause or effect of poor nutritional status.
Quetiapine Extended Release Open-Label Treatment Associated Changes in Amygdala Activation and Connectivity in Anxious Depression: An fMRI Study

Background This study investigated extended release quetiapine (quetiapine XR) associated changes in functional MRI (fMRI) measures of task-induced amygdalar activation and resting state connectivity in anxious unipolar major depressive disorder (AMDD). Methods Anxious unipolar major depressive disorder patients (n = 15) (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) >18 and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) >18) and closely matched healthy control (HC) subjects were compared at baseline for task induced amygdala activation and resting state connectivity on fMRI. Subsequently, AMDD patients were treated for 8 weeks with open-label quetiapine XR. Weekly HAM-D and HAM-A ratings were obtained, and the fMRI scan was repeated at weeks 2 and 8. Changes in fMRI measures were calculated using repeated-measures analysis of variance and correlation with decrease in HAM-D and HAM-A scores was examined. Results At baseline, AMDD compared with HC exhibited increased task-induced left amygdalar activation (P = 0.05 clusterwise corrected) and decreased resting state amygdala-cortical and amygdala-pons connectivity (P < 0.05 clusterwise corrected). Quetiapine XR treatment was associated with significant decrease in HAM-D (df = 1,28; female [F] = 39; P = 0.001) and HAM-A scores (df = 1,28; F = 55; P = 0.001). The AMDD group showed increased amygdala-cortical connectivity (P < 0.05 [clusterwise corrected]) at week 2, which was maintained at week 8. At week 8, additional areas showed increased connectivity including insula and putamen. At 8 weeks, decrease in HAM-D scores correlated with increase in amygdala-mid cingulate and amygdala-cuneus connectivity (P = 0.05 [clusterwise corrected]). Decrease in HAM-A scores correlated with increase in amygdala-cuneus and parietal cortex connectivity (P = 0.05 [clusterwise corrected]). Limitations Small sample-size, open-label single-arm design, HC only tested at baseline, focused only on amygdala. Conclusions Quetiapine XR effects in the treatment of AMDD are associated with modulation of amygdala connectivity.
Cognitive–behavioural therapy as an adjunctive treatment in chronic physical illness

Chronic physical illness is a significant risk factor for psychological symptoms, psychiatric disorder and suicide. Properly targeted cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) can improve outcomes for people with chronic physical illnesses. This article looks at practical aspects of the use of CBT as part of the overall medical and psychiatric management of chronic physical illness.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and the Safety and Effectiveness of Monthly Ergocalciferol in Hemodialysis Patients

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in CKD and dialysis patients. Studies suggest a physiologic autocrine and/or paracrine role for 1,25(OH)D produced via 1α-hydroxylase in tissues such as vascular smooth muscle, breast, prostate, and bone marrow. Studies have not yet defined the optimal dose and duration of vitamin D necessary to replete and maintain stores in dialysis patients, or whether it is safe or beneficial. Methods: We performed a review of the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the safety and effectiveness of ergocalciferol oral supplementation (vitamin D2, 50,000 IU monthly) given to hemodialysis patients during dialysis May to October 2005 in St. Louis (latitude 38°). Results: Among the 119-patient cohort present for the entire 6 months, 25(OH)D was (mean ± SD) 16.9 ± 8.5 ng/ml, (91% < 30 ng/ml) and increased to 53.6 ± 16.3 ng/ml (p < 0.001), (95% > 30 ng/ml, and none > 100 ng/ml). Initial versus 6 mo. serum calcium (9.1 ± 0.56 vs. 9.2 ± 0.70), phosphorus (5.25 ± 1.38 vs. 5.11 ± 1.31), Ca × P, and paricalcitol dose (10.3 ± 9.6 vs. 11.3 ± 9.2 mcg/week) were not significantly different. No hypercalcemia could be attributed to supplementation. Mean hemoglobin did not change significantly (11.96 ± 1.4 vs. 11.69 ± 1.4, p = 0.124), but most patients experienced a reduced weekly epoetin dose. Epoetin dose decreased in 64% of patients, and increased in 28%. Conclusions: We conclude that the vast majority of hemodialysis patients are vitamin D-deficient; monthly ergocalciferol 50,000 IU is safe and effective in normalizing serum 25(OH)D levels and may have an epoetin-sparing effect.
Possible Use of Amantadine in Depression

Amantadine, originally used in the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza infection, has also proved beneficial in drug-induced Parkinsonism, Parkinson's disease, traumatic head injury, dementia, multiple sclerosis and cocaine withdrawal. Amantadine appears to act through several pharmacological mechanisms, none of which has been identified as the one chief mode of action. It is a dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic substance, blocks monoaminoxidase A and NMDA receptors, and seems to raise beta-endorphin/beta-lipotropin levels. However, it is still uncertain which of these actions are relevant in therapeutic doses. One new aspect is the antiviral effect of amantadine on Borna disease virus, which it is suspected may possibly play a role in affective disorders. All of these actions could constitute an antidepressant property, and it is suggested that amantadine might work as an antidepressant not through one, but through several mechanisms thought to be related to antidepressant activity. Effects of amantadine on symptoms of affective disorders have been demonstrated in several trials administering it for varying purposes. Additionally, animal studies as well as clinical trials in humans have hinted at an antidepressant activity of amantadine. We present here an overview of the current data. However, only a limited body of evidence is available, and further studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of amantadine as well as its modes of action in depression.