Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Induction, Recovery, and Safety Characteristics of Sevoflurane in Children Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery: A Comparison with Halothane

Background Sevoflurane is an inhalational anesthetic with characteristics suited for use in children. To determine whether the induction, recovery, and safety characteristics of sevoflurane differ from those of halothane, the following open‐labeled, multicenter, randomized, controlled, phase III study in children undergoing ambulatory surgery was designed. Methods Three hundred seventy‐five children, ASA physical status 1 or 2, were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either sevoflurane or halothane, both in 60% N2 O and 40% O2. Anesthesia was induced using a mask with an Ayre's t piece or Bain circuit in four of the centers and a mask with a circle circuit in the fifth center. Maximum inspired concentrations during induction of anesthesia were 7% sevoflurane and 4.3% halothane. Anesthesia was maintained by spontaneous ventilation, without tracheal intubation. End‐tidal concentrations of both inhalational anesthetics were adjusted to 1.0 MAC for at least 10 min before the end of surgery. Induction and recovery characteristics and all side effects were recorded. The plasma concentration of inorganic fluoride was measured at induction of and 1 h after anesthesia. Results During induction of anesthesia, the time to loss of the eyelash reflex with sevoflurane was 0.3 min faster than with halothane (P < 0.001). The incidence of airway reflex responses was similar, albeit infrequent with both anesthetics. The total MAC *symbol* h exposure to sevoflurane was 11% less than the exposure to halothane (P < 0.013), although the end‐tidal MAC multiple during the final 10 min of anesthesia was similar for both groups. Early recovery as evidenced by the time to response to commands after sevoflurane was 33% more rapid than it was after halothane (P < 0.001), although the time to discharge from hospital was similar for both anesthetics. The mean (+/‐SD) plasma concentration of inorganic fluoride 1 h after discontinuation of sevoflurane was 10.3+/‐3.5 micro Meter. The overall incidence of adverse events attributable to sevoflurane was similar to that of halothane, although the incidence of agitation attributable to sevoflurane was almost threefold greater than that attributable to halothane (P < 0.004). Conclusions Sevoflurane compared favorably with halothane. Early recovery after sevoflurane was predictably more rapid than after halothane, although this was not reflected in a more rapid discharge from the hospital. The incidence of adverse events was similar for both anesthetics. Clinically, the induction, recovery, and safety characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane are similar. Sevoflurane is a suitable alternative to halothane for use in children undergoing minor ambulatory surgery.
Cell cycle‐ and age‐dependent activation of Sod1p drives the formation of stress resistant cell subpopulations within clonal yeast cultures

Phenotypic heterogeneity describes non‐genetic variation that exists between individual cells within isogenic populations. The basis for such heterogeneity is not well understood, but it is evident in a wide range of cellular functions and phenotypes and may be fundamental to the fitness of microorganisms. Here we use a suite of novel assays applied to yeast, to provide an explanation for the classic example of heterogeneous resistance to stress (copper). Cell cycle stage and replicative cell age, but not mitochondrial content, were found to be principal parameters underpinning differential Cu resistance: cell cycle‐synchronized cells had relatively uniform Cu resistances, and replicative cell‐age profiles differed markedly in sorted Cu‐resistant and Cu‐sensitive subpopulations. From a range of potential Cu‐sensitive mutants, cup1Δ cells lacking Cu‐metallothionein, and particularly sod1Δ cells lacking Cu, Zn‐superoxide dismutase, exhibited diminished heterogeneity. Furthermore, age‐dependent Cu resistance was largely abolished in cup1Δ and sod1Δ cells, whereas cell cycle‐dependent Cu resistance was suppressed in sod1Δ cells. Sod1p activity oscillated ∼fivefold during the cell cycle, with peak activity coinciding with peak Cu‐resistance. Thus, phenotypic heterogeneity in copper resistance is not stochastic but is driven by the progression of individual cells through the cell cycle and ageing, and is primarily dependent on only Sod1p, out of several gene products that can influence the averaged phenotype. We propose that such heterogeneity provides an important insurance mechanism for organisms; creating subpopulations that are pre‐equipped for varied activities as needs may arise (e.g. when faced with stress), but without the permanent metabolic costs of constitutive expression.
Study of the clinical significance of DKK 1 in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of lung cancer

To investigate the clinical value of Dickkopf1 (DKK1) in diagnosis of lung cancer and chemotherapy Monitoring. Methods 127 cases oflung disease patientsas research subjects, according to the nature of the disease, dividedinto the malignant group (n = 67) and benign disease group (n = 60), then choose 60 cases of healthy people as a control group, according to the cancer patients chemosensitivity, divided the malignant group into sensitive group (n = 54) and drug group (n = 13), then detected the target serum DKK1 concentrations using ELSIA double antibody sandwich method and compared. Up Limits of DKK1 of control patients was as a reference value, calculated malignant group, benign disease group and control group DKK1 expression rate; calculated diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of DKK1 of lung cancerby ROC curve areachart. According to the effect of chemotherapy, patients were divided into remission group, stable group and progress group. Results: DKK1 concentration and positive expression rate of malignant group was higher than that in benign group and the control group (P <0.05); area under the ROC curve showed that,malignant group the different TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis,the serum DKK1 concentrations significant differences (P <0.05); sensitive group DKK1 concentrations below resistance group (P <0.05); remission group DKK1 concentration was less than stable group and progress group (P <0.05). Conclusion: DKK1 in lung cancer patients showed high expression, it may be an important marker of lung cancer screening and diagnosis and chemotherapy evaluation.
Stabilization design for one-sided Lipschitz uncertain nonlinear systems with time-delay

Stabilization design for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with time-delay is devoted in this paper. Based on the theory of differential inclusion systems, sufficient conditions for stabilization the closed-loop system are acquired with the help of the convex hull Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Next, the interval observer for system is designed, and a control law is acquired based on the states of interval observer. Then, we prove that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable under the control law. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular outcomes in people with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency: results of the HOPE study.

BACKGROUND A controlled trial reported cardiovascular benefits of vitamin E in terminal renal insufficiency. There are no data for renal insufficiency before the stage of terminal renal failure. We evaluated effects of vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in 993 people with a serum creatinine > or =1.4 to 2.3 mg/dL. METHODS Post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial that compared treatment with natural source vitamin E (400 IU/day) to placebo in 9541 people, 993 of which had renal insufficiency. Participants had either known cardiovascular disease or diabetes and at least one additional coronary risk factor. Exclusion criteria included a serum creatinine > 2.3 mg/dL and dipstick-positive proteinuria. The primary study outcome after an average of 4.5 years was the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death. Secondary outcomes included revascularizations, total mortality, and clinical proteinuria. RESULTS In renal insufficiency, vitamin E supplementation had a neutral effect on the primary study outcome, on each component of the composite primary outcome, and on all secondary outcomes. Two hundred twenty-four primary outcomes, 23% of the vitamin E group and 22.1% of the placebo group, relative risk 1.03 (95% CI, 0.79-1.34; P= 0.82), were observed, and 585 secondary outcomes, including death in 17% and 18.8% of the vitamin E and placebo groups, respectively (RR 0.88, 95% CI, 0.66-1.18; P= 0.40). There was no effect of vitamin E on progression of proteinuria. CONCLUSION In people with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency at high cardiovascular risk, vitamin E at a dose of 400 IU/day had no apparent effect on cardiovascular outcomes.
Induction therapy in lung transplantation

Strategies for induction in lung transplant recipients typically mirror those used in other solid organ transplant recipients. Polyclonal (Atgam, RATG) and monoclonal (OKT3) T‐cell depleting agents, IL‐2 Receptor antagonists (basiliximab and daclizumab) have been used most commonly. In spite of evidence from ISHLT registry reports that induction reduces acute rejection and has a small benefit in freedom from bronchiolitis obliterans and long‐term survival, other studies have been less convincing in terms of long‐term benefit. Future iterations of induction strategy for lung transplant recipients will hopefully utilize tolerogenic approaches currently being tested in renal transplantation.
Logistic regression for crystal growth process modeling through hierarchical nonnegative garrote-based variable selection

ABSTRACT Single-crystal silicon ingots are produced from a complex crystal growth process. Such a process is sensitive to subtle process condition changes, which may easily become failed and lead to the growth of a polycrystalline ingot instead of the desired monocrystalline ingot. Therefore, it is important to model this polycrystalline defect in the crystal growth process and identify key process variables and their features. However, to model the crystal growth process poses great challenges due to complicated engineering mechanisms and a large amount of functional process variables. In this article, we focus on modeling the relationship between a binary quality indicator for polycrystalline defect and functional process variables. We propose a logistic regression model with hierarchical nonnegative garrote-based variable selection method that can accurately estimate the model, identify key process variables, and capture important features. Simulations and a case study are conducted to illustrate the merits of the proposed method in prediction and variable selection.
‘Disciplines Contributing to Education?’ Educational Studies and the Disciplines

This article explores disciplinary approaches to educational studies over the past fifty years, in particular those developed by exponents of the ‘foundation disciplines’ of history, philosophy, psychology and sociology. It investigates the establishment of the disciplines during the first half of the period, and their consolidation, survival, and adaptation since the 1970s in a rapidly changing educational and political context. The nature of the contribution of the disciplines, both separately and together, to the study of education is assessed. The article also considers the role of the disciplines in stimulating a pluralist and eclectic approach to the study of education, as opposed to the notion of a unitary and autonomous field of knowledge represented as ‘educational research’.
Factor VIII efficient and specific non-covalent binding to PEGylated liposomes enables prolongation of its circulation time and haemostatic efficacy

Summary Haemophilia A is a bleeding disorder caused by the lack of factor VIII (FVIII). We report the prolongation of exogenous FVIII circulation time and haemostatic efficacy by its formulation with PEGylated liposomes (PEGLip). FVIII binds non-covalently but with high affinity in a specific mode with the external surface of PEGLip neither losing its activity nor its binding to von Willebrand Factor. Experiments in haemophilic and non-haemophilic mice indicate that the circulation time and clotting efficacy of PEGLip-formulated exogenous FVIII (PEGLip-FVIII) are significantly enhanced over those of free FVIII. The data support the feasibility of using PEGLip-FVIII to extend the duration of haemostatic efficacy in the treatment of haemophilia A.
Private Health Insurance in France

While France has a universal public health insurance system, the coverage it provides is incomplete and the vast majority the French population has private complementary health insurance. Among OECD countries, the share of health care financed by private insurance is third highest behind the US and the Netherlands, two countries where private coverage is the primary source of payment for a large percentage of the population. France’s high rate of private insurance coverage is partly explained by historical factors and partly by the preferential tax treatment of employer-sponsored coverage. Because of the high rate of employerprovision – roughly half of all contracts are obtained through the workplace – coverage tends to vary with activity and industry classification. Historically, coverage was also positively related with income. In 2000, the French government introduced a new program, the Couverture Maladie Universelle (CMU), which extended eligibility for publicly funded . Si la France a un systeme d'assurance maladie publique universel, la couverture qu'il propose n'est pas complete et la majorite de la population francaise a une assurance complementaire privee. La France est le troisieme pays de l'OCDE en ce qui concerne la part des depenses de sante financee par l'assurance privee, apres les Etats-Unis et les Pays-Bas, deux pays ou l'assurance privee represente la seule source de couverture pour une grande partie de la population. L'importance de l'assurance privee en France s'explique pour partie par des facteurs historiques mais aussi par le traitement fiscal preferentiel dont beneficient les assurances de groupe. Etant donnee qu'environ la moitie des contrats sont obtenus par le biais de l'emploi, la couverture est tres liee a la participation au marche du travail et au secteur d'activite. Historiquement, le taux couverture de la population augmentait avec le revenu. En 2000, le gouvernement a mis en place un nouveau programme public, la .
The relationship between symptoms and abnormal magnetic resonance images of lumbar intervertebral disks.

Although numerous tissues may be involved, injury to the lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) remains as a prominent source of low back pain (LBP) and lower-extremity radiculopathy.1–5 For the past 60 years, following the influential article by Mixter and Barr,6 an extraordinary amount of research has been published regarding the relationship of lumbar disk degeneration to mechanical abnormalities and pain syndromes involving the low back. New data regarding histochemical properties, mechanical behavior, and factors that predispose the IVD to dysfunction are appearing frequently and have led to much debate about the actual role of the IVD in symptom production. One of the most important advances relating to the evaluation of the IVD comes from the high-resolution in vivo images of the lumbar spine obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 7…
Repression of thermotolerance in Dunning R3327 prostate carcinoma cells by 2-deoxy-glucose

The transient addition of the cytosolic energy depletor 2-deoxy-glucose to cultures of rat prostate carcinoma cells blunted the induction of Hsp70 protein following exposure to elevated temperatures in a manner that appeared to parallel its effects on energy metabolism. While the reduction in stress-induced heat-shock protein expression by treatment with 2-deoxy-glucose had no effects on the acute loss of cellular viability after exposure to heat, the acquisition of thermotolerance in response to a conditioning stimulus was specifically repressed. Therefore, 2-deoxy-glucose will be a useful tool in the investigation of mechanisms that mediate immediate versus chronic responses to cellular stress, including the specific roles played by members of the heat-shock protein family of proteins. These results might have important implications in the design of protocols for the hyperthermic treatment of tumours.
Acoustic characteristics of closing diphthongs in Bahamian Creole

Reporting the results of an acoustic analysis of closing diphthongs produced by 15 speakers of Bahamian Creole, this paper links phonetic features with variation in social class. The inventory analysed includes four vowel categories, represented by the lexical sets CHOICE, NURSE, MOUTH, and PRICE. In addition to the extent of spectral change in F1/F2 space, the relative position of the diphthong onsets was investigated. The findings reported here complement earlier impressionistic accounts and extend our understanding of the phonetic variation to be found within the Bahamian creole continuum.
Differential Changes in Striatal Projection Neurons in R6/2 Transgenic Mice for Huntington's Disease

In early adult-onset Huntington's disease (HD), enkephalinergic striatopallidal projection neurons show preferential loss, reduced preproenkephalin (PPE) expression in surviving striatopallidal neurons, and loss of fibers in their projection target area. We examined PPE and PPT (preprotachykinin) gene expression in striatal projection neurons and in striatal projection fibers immunoreactive for the PPE product enkephalin (ENK) and the PPT product substance P (SP) in a transgenic HD model, the R6/2 mouse, to see if changes occur in these neuron types similar to those seen in early adult-onset HD. The results show that PPE mRNA level, the number of striatal neurons expressing PPE, and the staining intensity of fibers immunoreactive for ENK in the pallidum were all decreased. By contrast, the SP-containing striatal projection systems to the pallidum and substantia nigra were relatively normal in R6/2 mice. The selective reduction in striatal PPE in R6/2 mice is reminiscent of adult-onset HD, but the preservation of the striatonigral projection system is not. Thus, R6/2 mice do not strictly mimic adult-onset HD in their striatal pathology.
Towards a transcriptome-based theranostic platform for unfavorable breast cancer phenotypes

Significance Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is defined clinically and pathologically. Dermal lymphatic invasion is typical but is neither necessary nor sufficient for diagnosis; sentinel lymph node biopsy is contraindicated, challenging multidisciplinary management with upfront chemotherapy, surgery, and postoperative radiotherapy. Here we applied a ligand-directed “theranostic” (a combination of therapeutic and diagnostic) enabling platform to target IBC based on adeno-associated virus/phage (AAVP)-Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase type-1 (HSVtk) particles displaying ligands to cell surface-associated 78-kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP78). In a suite of preclinical models and human tumor samples, we show simultaneous noninvasive molecular serial PET/CT imaging and targeted suicide transgene therapy. This study shows that a tumor-specific promoter, human GRP78 (hGRP78), can drive the expression of an imaging/suicide transgene in IBC and aggressive breast cancer in vivo. Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is one of the most lethal forms of human breast cancer, and effective treatment for IBC is an unmet clinical need in contemporary oncology. Tumor-targeted theranostic approaches are emerging in precision medicine, but only a few specific biomarkers are available. Here we report up-regulation of the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in two independent discovery and validation sets of specimens derived from IBC patients, suggesting translational promise for clinical applications. We show that a GRP78-binding motif displayed on either bacteriophage or adeno-associated virus/phage (AAVP) particles or loop-grafted onto a human antibody fragment specifically targets orthotopic IBC and other aggressive breast cancer models in vivo. To evaluate the theranostic value, we used GRP78-targeting AAVP particles to deliver the human Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase type-1 (HSVtk) transgene, obtaining simultaneous in vivo diagnosis through PET imaging and tumor treatment by selective activation of the prodrug ganciclovir at tumor sites. Translation of this AAVP system is expected simultaneously to image, monitor, and treat the IBC phenotype and possibly other aggressive (e.g., invasive and/or metastatic) subtypes of breast cancer, based on the inducible cell-surface expression of the stress-response chaperone GRP78, and possibily other cell-surface receptors in human tumors.
Sardinia's Mysterious Male Methuselahs

SASSARI, ITALY-- More men live past 100 on this Italian island, proportionally, than anywhere else in the world, it appears. Scientists are now trying to explain this perplexing phenomenon. Some experts assume that a healthy, low-stress, agrarian lifestyle is the main reason why Sardinian centenarians have outlived most of their peers; others suspect that genetics underlies the unusual male longevity, which appears to run in families.
Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, dan Lingkungan Kerja Pengaruhnya terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Kanwil Ditjen Kekayaan Negara Suluttenggo dan Maluku Utara di Manado

Kinerja organisasi adalah hasil akhir dari pekerjaan yang dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi yang telah ditetapkan. Kinerja karyawan dapat ditingkatkan dengan memberikan contoh yang baik dari seorang pemimpin, memotivasi karyawan dan selalu memperhatikan karyawan dalam bekerja. Kepemimpinan merupakan suatu aktivitas untuk mempengaruhi perilaku orang lain agar mereka mau diarahkan untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu. Motivasi merupakan respon karyawan terhadap sejumlah pernyataan mengenai keseluruhan usaha yang timbul dari dalam diri karyawan agar tumbuh dorongan untuk bekerja dan tujuan yang dikehendaki dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan, motivasi, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada Kanwil Ditjen Kekayaan Negara Sulawesi Utara, Tengah, Gorontalo, Dan Maluku Utara Di Manado. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 48 karyawan yang juga merupakan sampel dari semua populasi pada kantor tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kepemimpinan, motivasi dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Peningkatan kepemimpinan dapat dilakukan dengan selalu memberikan bimbingan, masukan-masukan terhadap bawahan, mampu mengatasi setiap masalah dalam pekerjaan, dan juga harus mempunyai sikap dan tanggung jawab di dalam perusahaan. kata kunci : kepemimpinan, motivasi, lingkungan kerja, kinerja karyawan
Predators Accelerate Nutrient Cycling in a Bromeliad Ecosystem

Conventional ecological theory predicts that predators affect nutrient cycling by decreasing the abundance or activity of prey. By using a predator-detritivore-detritus food chain in bromeliads, we show that predators can increase nutrient cycling by a previously undescribed, but broadly applicable, mechanism: reducing nutrient export by prey emigration. Contrary to expectations, predation on detritivores increases detrital nitrogen uptake by bromeliads. Predation reduces detritivore emergence and hence export of nitrogen from the system. Detritivores therefore benefit their host plant, but only when predators are present. More generally, our results show that predator loss or extinction can dramatically and unexpectedly affect ecosystem functioning.