Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Interaction Between HSP70 and TNF-&agr; Expression: A Novel Mechanism for Protection of the Myocardium Against Post-Injury Depression

Tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (TNF-&agr;) depresses myocardial contractility, and overexpression of TNF-&agr; in the myocardium contributes to cardiac dysfunction caused by both systemic and local insults. Sepsis, endotoxemia, hemorrhagic shock, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion all promote cardiac dysfunction in part by a TNF-&agr;-mediated mechanism. Thus, TNF-&agr; represents an appealing therapeutic target for myocardial protection against multiple clinically relevant insults. The inducible 70-kD heat shock protein (Hsp70) is expressed in the myocardium in response to stress and has been linked to enhanced myocardial resistance to depression associated with ischemia-reperfusion or sepsis. The mechanism by which Hsp70 protects cardiac function against a subsequent insult remains obscure. In vitro induction of Hsp70 in monocytes or macrophages inhibits TNF-&agr; production following bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation, and in vivo induction of Hsp70 down-regulates tissue TNF-&agr; production following an injurious insult. Understanding of the regulatory role of Hsp70 in the myocardial inflammatory response will provide insights into the mechanism by which Hsp70 preserves cardiac function and may yield therapies for protection of the myocardium against depression associated injurious insults.
SGEMP Geometry Effects

Self-consistent, fully dynamic computer calculations were performed using the recently developed arbitrary body-of-revolution code ABORC for complex geometries in SGEMP environments to test the validity of simplifying geometry assumptions previously made in the solutions of these problems. Assumptions such as simple geometry representations of complex bodies and separability of inside and outside problems are tested. Effects of gaps, interior electrical paths, and booms protruding from bodies are discussed. High space-charge-limited results are emphasized. The response of simple bodies such as cylinders and spheres was found to be similar to more complex geometries in terms of peak currents and response rise times, although much of the detail in terms of resonant frequencies, internal responses, and responses around reentrant bodies is lost. The inside and outside responses of an object can be separated in many cases even though both solutions by themselves are highly nonlinear and the leakage currents are relatively large. The external response of a highly segmented body is similar to the response of a smoothly connected body of revolution. The internal response can be considerably different when a conducting path exists between the segments.
The efficiency of adiabatic inversion for perfusion imaging by arterial spin labeling

Velocity‐driven adiabatic inversion is an attractive method for labeling arterial blood spins for quantitative perfusion imaging. To quantify perfusion and to optimize experimental parameters, an accurate estimate of labeling efficiency is required. We present theoretical and numerical methods to calculate the labeling efficiency over a wide range of experimental and physiologic parameters. The results are compared to experimental measurements in vivo. Inversion efficiency was found to be higher than previously assumed and relatively insensitive to flow velocity and the amplitude of the RF irradiation used for inversion. Assuming laminar flow, labeling efficiencies of greater than 90% are easily obtainable over a broad range of flow velocities. For applications where RF power deposition is a limiting factor such as at high field strengths, labeling efficiency can be maintained by reducing the labeling gradient. These results further illustrate the capability of adiabatic inversion to effectively label flowing blood. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Author ' s personal copy Identification of rare and novel Cryptosporidium GP 60 subtypes in human isolates from

Little is known about the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in Jordan and no genotyping studies have been conducted on Cryptosporidium isolates from humans or animals from Jordan. Genotyping of 44 Cryptosporidium isolates from Jordanian children at the 18S rRNA locus and a unique diagnostic locus identified four Cryptosporidium species; C. parvum (22), C. hominis (20), C. meleagridis (1) and C. canis (1). Sub-genotype analysis of 29 isolates at the 60-kDa glycoprotein (GP60) locus identified three C. parvum, two C. hominis subtype families and one C. meleagridis subtype. Several rare and novel subtypes were identified indicating unique endemicity and transmission of Cryptosporidium in Jordan. 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Dynamically Reconfigurable PWM Controller for Three-Phase Voltage-Source Inverters

This paper presents the design and development of dynamic partially reconfigurable pulsewidth modulation (DPRPWM) controller for three-phase voltage-source inverters (VSI) in a single Xilinx Spartan 3 XCS400PQ208 field programmable gate array (FPGA). The DPRPWM controller is designed such that it switches between the popular PWM techniques like sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) and space vector PWM (SVPWM). The FPGA platform supports the run-time reconfiguration of control functions and algorithms directly in hardware and meets hard real-time performance criteria in terms of timings for PWM generation as well as reconfiguration. The DPRPWM control is simulated and experimentally verified using a low-cost Xilinx Spartan FPGA. The results of SPWM and SVPWM controller are presented and the results prove that the DPRPWM controller for three-phase inverter is highly possible and can be extended to any level/phase PWM controllers.
Telepsychology for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A systematic review

Summary The effectiveness of psychological services provided remotely, telepsychology, for the management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was evaluated. Eleven studies (n = 472 participants) were identified from electronic database searches. Study quality was assessed, with studies characterised by small and underpowered samples. Effect sizes and associated confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine the direction and magnitude of treatment change. Short-term treatment gains were reported for internet and video-based interventions. This included significant medium to large improvements (d range = 0.66–3.22) in cognitive and behavioural symptoms of depression, generalised anxiety and posttraumatic stress. However, the equivalence of telepsychology and face-to-face psychotherapy could not be determined, with few comparative studies available. Both treatment gains and deterioration were noted 1 to 6 months following treatment cessation, although this was based on limited follow-up data. Further larger scale and longitudinal research will help to ascertain the minimum requirements for the management and treatment of PTSD in a technology-supported environment.
An Excursion to Software Development Life Cycle Models

Software Engineering provides a standard way to develop and maintain a complex software. Industry uses software development Life Cycles (SDLC) to develop a software. SDLC plays an important role as it helps to define the software requirements, model the software component, reduce development and maintenance cost and finally provides manageable software. There exist numerous SDLC models viz. Waterfall, Incremental, Rapid, Agile, Hybrid etc. After a comprehensive study and analysis of existing SDLC models, I observe all models are complementary, not competitive. I divide all models into three broad categories viz. Traditional models, Agile models and Hybrid models. The main objective of the paper is to give a quick review of SDLC models and an effective answer to the most confusing question arise in software engineering practice "how to select an efficient SDLC model for practice? " Many factors viz. nature of requirements, the size of software development team, project size, customer interaction etc. have an effect on selection criteria. This paper presents a brief insight into each model and its comparative analysis. The analysis helps to understand the basic characteristics of each model and its applicability. Furthermore, the analysis helps software manager to select the appropriate model for practice
Expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 during Reorganization of the Postnatal Dentate Gyrus

Previous studies have demonstrated that stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is crucial for early dentate development; however, the mouse mutants for this chemokine and its only receptor, CXCR4, are neonatally lethal, making conclusions about the role of these molecules in postnatal development difficult to sustain. Previous expression analyses have used single labeling, but the distribution of CXCR4 is complex and to determine the cell types expressing CXCR4 requires multiple marker labeling. In this study, we examined the distribution of SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNAs during the first postnatal weeks, combining these markers with several other cell-type-specific markers. We found that SDF-1 has three sites of expression: (1) continuation of prenatal expression in the meninges; (2) expression in Cajal-Retzius cells occupying the molecular layer of the upper and lower blades of the dentate, and (3) the maturing dentate granule neurons themselves. The timing of expression in these three sites corresponds to alterations in the distribution of the primary cell types expressing CXCR4 during the same periods, notably the expression of CXCR4 in radial-glial-like GFAP-expressing dentate precursors and immature dentate granule neurons. Taken together, our data suggest potential ongoing roles for SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling in the dentate gyrus during the early postnatal period that will be tested in the future with more precise genetic approaches.
A Platelet Activating Factor Receptor Antagonist Inhibits Cytokine Production in Human Whole Blood by Bacterial Toxins and Live Bacteria

We previously reported that a platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) antagonist (TCV-309) suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mortality and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in mice. However, the effect of TCV-309 on cytokine production induced by Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) or live bacteria has not been reported. In this study we investigated the effect of TCV-309 on cytokine production in human whole blood induced by LPS, SEB, and both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Human whole blood diluted 5:1 (980 μL) was placed in the wells of a 24-well plate. Ten microliters of LPS, SEB, Escherichia coli O18 K+, or Staphylococcus aureus were added to each well. After incubation at 37°C for 6 h, TNF, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 in the culture medium were measured. TCV-309 did not affect the growth of either E. coli or S. aureus bacteria in the culture medium for the 6 h incubation. LPS, SEB, and both E. coli and S. aureus induced TNF, IL-6, and IL-8 in human whole blood. TCV-309 significantly inhibited the production of TNF, IL-6, and IL-8 induced by LPS, SEB, and bacteria. A PAFR antagonist suppressed cytokine production induced by LPS, SEB, and both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria in human whole blood. A PAFR plays an important role of producing proinflammatory cytokines induced by both toxins and live bacteria.
Role of the Striatum, Cerebellum, and Frontal Lobes in the Learning of a Visuomotor Sequence

This study was designed to examine the role of the striatum, cerebellum, and frontal lobes in the implicit learning of a visuomotor sequence. The performance of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), with damage to the cerebellum, or with a circumscribed lesion to the frontal lobes was thus compared to that of separate groups of matched normal control subjects on an adapted version of the Repeated Sequence Test. This paradigm consists of a visual reaction-time task with a fixed embedded sequence of finger movements to be performed based on presentation of visual stimuli. Subjects received four blocks of trials (i.e., 40 presentations of a 10-item sequence) per day over 6 training days. Following the last experimental session, subjects were also given two tests measuring their declarative knowledge of the sequence. Only PD patients with a bilateral striatal-dysfunction or patients with lesions to the cerebellum failed to improve their performance in the last three training sessions, hence suggesting an impairment late in the acquisition process. Further analyses revealed that such impairment was mainly implicit in nature, and that it could not be ascribed to a general decline in cognitive functioning, to mood disturbances, or to the severity of the motor symptoms. By contrast, the level of declarative knowledge of the sequence did not differ between the three clinical groups and their respective groups of normal subjects. These findings suggest that, unlike declarative memory, the incremental acquisition of a new visuomotor skill depends upon the integrity of both the striatum and the cerebellum, but not of the frontal lobes.
Real-time assessment of heart rate variability and loss of control eating in adolescent girls: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE Studying physiologic underpinnings of loss-of-control (LOC) eating may inform its etiology and contribute to intervention efforts. We therefore examined temporal relationships between autonomic indices [heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV)] and LOC-eating in the natural environment. METHOD For two days, adolescents (n = 17, 14.77 ± 1.55 years, BMI-Z 2.17 ± 0.48) with LOC-eating reported on LOC using an electronic device while HR and HRV were assessed continuously using Holter monitoring. RESULTS Higher HR and lower HRV in the 30-minutes before eating were significantly associated with LOC-eating overall (p's < 0.001) and at the within-participants level (p's < 0.001), but not at the between-participants level (p's > 0.44). Examined categorically, HR was significantly higher, and HRV significantly lower, prior to high-LOC compared to low-LOC episodes (p's < 0.001). DISCUSSION This pilot study suggests that LOC-eating may involve physiologic underpinnings. Additional research with larger samples is needed to further investigate this phenomenon.
Effect of psychotropic medications on seizure control in patients with epilepsy

Psychiatric problems are frequently encountered in patients with epilepsy. In an adult clinic population of 2,000 patients, 219 were identified as having been treated with psychotropic medication (PTM). Of these, 59 patients had adequate documentation of seizure frequency 2 months prior to and 2 months during treatment with PTMs. Contrary to many reports, most patients experienced better seizure control on PTM therapy. This demonstrates that most patients will not have an increased frequency of seizures when psychotropic medication is used in low to moderate doses and is introduced slowly.
GEOGRAPHY AND BOTANY OF IRREDUCIBLE NON-SPIN SYMPLECTIC 4-MANIFOLDS WITH ABELIAN FUNDAMENTAL GROUP

Abstract The geography and botany problems of irreducible non-spin symplectic 4-manifolds with a choice of fundamental group from $\{{\mathbb{Z}}_p, {\mathbb{Z}}_p\oplus {\mathbb{Z}}_q, {\mathbb{Z}}, {\mathbb{Z}}\oplus {\mathbb{Z}}_p, {\mathbb{Z}}\oplus {\mathbb{Z}}\}$ are studied by building upon the recent progress obtained on the simply connected realm. Results on the botany of simply connected 4-manifolds not available in the literature are extended.
Platelet adhesiveness and serum lipids during and after Intralipid infusions.

(1) A significant reduction in platelet adhesiveness averaging 15% can be measured during infusion of 500 ml of 20 percent Intralipid® using the Hellem method. The initial degree of adhesiveness is reestablished to a large extent 4 h after termination of the infusion. (2) The platelet count does not change significantly during Intraplipid® infusion. (3) The serum lipids reach maximum concentration at the end of the infusion period. These concentrations drop rapidly after termination of infusion, they are almost back to the starting point after 4 h. (4) Control infusion using a physiological sodium chloride solution or a 5-percent glucose solution produces consistent fluctuations in the lipids except an expected decrease of FFA during glucose infusion. There is no significant change in adhesiveness. (5) In contradistinction to tests carried out in vivo, the in vitro tests show a significant increase in platelet adhesiveness after the addition of Intralipid® to whole blood. (6) The results together with the clinical experience indicate that the parenteral administration of the fat emulsion Intralipid® is a safe procedure.
Juvenile didymozoids of the types, Torticaecum and Neotorticaecum (Didymozoidae: Digenea), from new marine fish hosts (Pisces: Teleostei) in the neotropical region of Brazil

Abstract From December 2006 to March 2008, 60 specimens of Paralichthys isosceles and 25 specimens of P. patagonicus were investigated for helminths. One hundred and sixty-nine digeneans were recovered and parasites were identified as juvenile didymozoids of two types. Torticaecum and Neotorticaecum were found in 48 of the 60 P. isosceles (80%) and 10 of the 25 P. patagonicus (40%). Torticaecum and Neotorticaecum are reported for the first time in fish in South America (Brazil), found in the Atlantic Ocean. Morphometrics and illustrations are presented.
Disrupted network architecture of the resting brain in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders of childhood. Neuroimaging investigations of ADHD have traditionally sought to detect localized abnormalities in discrete brain regions. Recent years, however, have seen the emergence of complementary lines of investigation into distributed connectivity disturbances in ADHD. Current models emphasize abnormal relationships between default network—involved in internally directed mentation and lapses of attention—and task positive networks, especially ventral attention network. However, studies that comprehensively investigate interrelationships between large‐scale networks in ADHD remain relatively rare.
Lehto, L. and T. Sarjakoski, 2004. Schema translations by XSLT for GML-encoded geospatial data in heterogeneous Web-service environment. Proceedings of the XXth ISPRS Congress, July 2004, Istanbul, Turkey, International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,

The paper discusses online integration of XML-encoded datasets in the current Web services environment, especially concentrating on the required schema transformations. The approach is based on the use of a generic XML transformation technology, called Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT). The role of the data integration process in a layered service architecture framework is described. The basics of the applied XML technology are introduced. A case implementation, built as the prototype service of the GiMoDig project, demonstrates the benefits yielded by the approach. The required schema translations can be carried out as a single process, together with the needed coordinate transformations. The same base methodology can be applied both to query and data transformations. The declarative nature of the transformation definition, represented as templates stored in an XMLencoded text file, makes the transformation process easy to debug and fine-tune. As the final result, cross-border map visualization is presented.
Formally Verifying Human-Automaton Interaction with Specification Properties Generated from Task Analytic Models

Human-automation interaction (HAI) is a major contributor to failures in aerospace systems, often due to unexpected interactions between system components. Formal verification is a method of analysis that exhaustively examines all of the interaction in a formal system model to determine if it adheres to desirable specification properties. Task analytic models can be included in formal system models to allow HAI to be evaluated with formal verification. However, previous work required analysts to manually formulate specification properties they wished to check. A practice which can result in unexpected, dangerous HAI conditions not being checked. This paper presents a method for generating specification properties from task models to allow analysts to automatically check for HAI problems they may not have anticipated. The paper describes the design and implementation of the method. An example (a pilot performing a before landing checklist) is presented to illustrate its utility.
Postoperative complications following gastrectomy for gastric cancer during the last decade.

BACKGROUND/AIMS The reduction in the incidence of severe postoperative complications has resulted in a significant increase in the survival of patients with gastric cancer. METHODOLOGY A total of 879 patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer during the last decade were retrospectively evaluated for postoperative complications, mortality and associated risk factors. RESULTS The most frequent complications were anastomotic leakage (3.0%) and wound infection (2.8%) followed by the development of pancreatic fistulae (2.2%) and intra-abdominal abscesses (1.5%). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified various independent risk factors including the extent of lymph node dissection (D1D2 vs. D3) for anastomotic leakage (RR 3.6, P<0.05), splenectomy or distal pancreatosplenectomy for pancreatic fistulae (RR 27.4, P<0.0001) and operative time (360 min < or =) for intra-abdominal abscess (RR 4.8, P<0.05). In total, fourteen patients (1.6%, n=879) died from postoperative complications, with 5 patients dying following non-curative gastrectomy (5.6%, n=90). The complications most associated with death were anastomotic leakage (4 patients) and pneumonia (2 patients). CONCLUSIONS In view of the potential risk of complications, we should carefully evaluate the indications for aggressive lymph node dissection and/or combined resection of neighboring organs as well as non-curative gastrectomy.
Cyclosporine A in the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective, randomized 24-month study.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of cyclosporine A (CSA) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS Patients with an early diagnosis of RA, a disease duration of less than 3 years, and without prior disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment were studied. They randomly received oral CSA (3 mg/kg/day) or oral methotrexate (MTX) (0.15 mg/kg/week). In addition, all patients in both groups received oral prednisone (7.5 mg/day). RESULTS Fifty-two patients were assigned to the CSA group and 51 to the MTX group. After 24 months of treatment, 48 patients from the CSA group and 48 from the MTX group showed significant clinical improvement. This was evaluated by the duration of morning stiffness, grip strength, the total joint count, joint swelling, and joint tenderness and pain, compared to pre-treatment values. The clinical improvement was also associated with a significant decrease in ESR and CRP values in both groups. No significant radiological deterioration was observed in the CSA patients compared to those treated with MTX after 24 months. Four patients from the CSA group dropped out of the study, two because of a synovitis flare, one because of severe hypertrichosis and one because of severe gingival hyperplasia. Three patients from the MTX group withdrew, one because of disease flare-up and two because of gastrointestinal disturbances. CONCLUSION Early immunointervention in RA patients appears to be crucial to limit the development of joint damage. Cyclosporine A appears to be effective, well tolerated and safe in the long-term treatment of RA and can therefore be used as a first immunomodulatory drug in the armamentarium for the treatment of RA.