Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up after Cormet Hip Resurfacing. A Single Surgeon Series of 234 Hips

The performance of the Cormet hip resurfacing device was evaluated after a minimum of 5 years in 234 hips. The mean age of the patients was 54 years; there were 135 men and 80 women. The primary diagnosis was osteoarthritis in 78% of the patients. Outcome measures were the Harris Hip Score and implant survival. The overall survival rate was 94% with 12 revisions in women and 3 in men. There were 7 femoral and 5 acetabular failures and two revisions for groin pain. Cumulative survival rate in men and women was 98% and 89%, in patients with a femoral component larger than 44 mm and smaller than 44 mm 97% and 89% respectively. Patients with primary osteoarthritis had a 95% cumulative survival rate at 5 years. The risk of failure was 6.4 times higher in women than in men. Our results suggest that hip resurfacing with the Cormet device is an acceptable alternative for active patients with hip arthritis, but patient selection is crucial for good long-term results.
Pathogenesis I: interactions of host cells and fungi.

The interactions of host cells and fungi during infection represent a complex interplay. Although T helper 1 (Th1)-mediated immunity is primarily responsible for acquired resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, studies have demonstrated that polymorphonuclear neutrophils play a critical role in providing an early resistance to this organism. One study has shown that the invasiveness of Candida albicans requires adherence, particularly to endothelial cells, which in turn are stimulated to express various cell-markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines as part of a proactive resistance to invasion. Somewhat in contrast to infection with C. albicans, it has been shown that the capsular glucuronoxylomannan of Cryptococcus neoformans causes the shedding of host-cell adherence molecules (L-selectins) needed for the migration of host-inflammatory cells to sites of infection and likely explains, in part, the reduced host inflammatory response to this organism. Resistance to aspergillosis is often associated with the immune status of the host. In one set of studies, it has been demonstrated that lymphocytes have little direct effect on the organism, but that antigen-presenting dendritic cells stimulate the production of Th1 cytokines, suggesting a positive role for the dendritic cell in host-response. Similarly, another study has shown that among the regulatory cytokine networks that Th2-associated cytokines (e.g., interleukin-10) likely play a detrimental role in the resistance of the host to Aspergillus fumigatus.
Grandparental morbidity and mortality patterns are associated with infant birth weight in the Lifeways cross-generation cohort study 2001–2010

The association of infants’ birth weight with maternal cardiovascular morbidity (CVD) and mortality substantiates the foetal origins hypothesis. Few studies to date have investigated grandparent–infant risk association. We prospectively examined this relationship in the Lifeways three-generation familial cohort, contrasting lineage and gender differences to understand mechanisms of intergenerational risk transmission. In 2001, a cohort of 1082 families was established at antenatal stage. A total of 539 families (n = 539 infants) had both a participating grandparent (n = 1054) and information on infants’ gestational age. At baseline, grandparents provided their diagnosed CVD status and 79% also underwent a cardiovascular risk factors assessment. In 2005, general practitioners provided an update for 61% grandparents. In 2010, a search of civil register confirmed 77 grandparental deaths in 539 families. Grandchildren's birth weight and grandparental cardiovascular risk factors associations were examined with linear regressions. Grandparental CVD associations were analysed using ANCOVA. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for all-cause mortality associations. Models were adjusted for infants’, mothers’ and grandparents’ demographic, anthropometric and socio-behavioural characteristics, as appropriate. The paternal grandfathers’ (PGF) systolic blood pressure (mmHg) [β (95% CI) = 6.6 (0.8 – 12.5); P = 0.03] and paternal grandmothers’ serum triglycerides (mmol/l) [β (95% CI) = 78.8 (7.0 – 150.7); P = 0.03] were linearly predictive of infants’ birth weight, which was not observed for maternal grandparents. Mean birth weight for infants of maternal grandmothers with diabetes {−272.7 [(−499.7) − (−45.6)] g; P = 0.02} or stroke {−292.1 [(−544.5) − (−39.6)] g; P = 0.02} was lower than those without diabetes or stroke, a pattern not observed for paternal grandparents. Whereas PGFs’ mortality was significantly associated with infants’ high birth weight (⩾4000 g) [HR (95% CI) = 4.9 (1.2 – 19.9); P = 0.03], maternal grandparents’ mortality showed a converse pattern with infants’ low birth weight (<2500 g) [HR (95% CI) = 1.7 (0.4 – 8.2); P = 0.7], although not statistically significant. These findings suggest that intergenerational transmission of risk differs in maternal and paternal lines.
γ‐VINYL GABA: EFFECTS OF CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION ON THE METABOLISM OF GABA AND OTHER AMINO COMPOUNDS IN RAT BRAIN

Rats were given γ‐vinyl GABA (4‐amino‐hex‐5‐enoic acid), a new irreversible inhibitor of GABA aminotransferase (GABA‐T), by daily subcutaneous injection (100mgkg) for 11 days. Amino acids were quantitated in the brains of the γ‐vinyl GABA‐treated and control animals 24 h after the last injection, and enzyme activities of GABA‐T and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) were measured. Chronic administration of γ‐vinyl GABA produced a 150% increase in brain GABA content, along with marked increases in the contents of B‐alanine and homocarnosine. Brain GABA‐T activity was reduced by 26%, and GAD activity was reduced by 22%. In addition, γ‐vinyl GABA caused a marked increase in hypotaurine content in rat brain, suggesting that it acts as an inhibitor of hypotaurine dehydrogenase, and it produced significant decreases in brain contents of glutamine and threonine. Although it is an effective GABA‐T inhibitor, γ‐vinyl GABA apparently affects several other brain enzymes as well, and it may not be an ideal drug for elevating brain GABA levels in man.
Neuropsychological outcome of children with traumatic brain injury and its association with late magnetic resonance imaging findings: A cohort study

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate neuropsychological outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its association with trauma severity and late magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Methods: Prospective cohort study of patients with TBI admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit over 5 years. Trauma severity was determined by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), neurological outcome by King’s Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI) and neuropsychological outcome by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition. Results: Twenty-five children (median age 6 years at trauma) were included. Patients were divided into Disability (DIS)(n = 10) and Good Recovery (GR)(n = 15) groups. Initial GCS score was not significantly different in both groups (median 6 vs. 10; p = 0.34). DIS group had lower values of working memory index (WMI)(median 74 vs. 94; p = 0.004), perceptual reasoning index (PRI)(75 vs. 96; p = 0.03), verbal comprehension index (VCI)(65 vs. 84; p = 0.02), processing speed index (PSI)(74 vs. 97; p = 0.01) and full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ)(65 vs. 87; p = 0.008). In the GR group, 60% of patients had normal or minimally altered MRI versus 10% of patients in the DIS group (p = 0.018). Fractional anisotropy positively correlated with WMI(r = 0.65; p = 0.005), PRI(r = 0.52; p = 0.03) and FSIQ(r = 0.50; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Neuropsychological impairment was observed in 40% of children who suffered a TBI and was associated with late MRI abnormalities.
Textual Analysis

The starting point for our study consisted of two different kinds of analysis of 51 texts authored by 45 astronauts and cosmonauts either during their space travel (n= 17) -available at http://www.nasa. gov/centers/ johnson/astronauts/journals_astronauts. html – or after their return to earth (n= 34). These texts captured details of their visual and affective experiences during space flight in the Shuttle or the International Space Station (ISS). The majority of the selected texts involved descriptions of experiences undergone while looking out of the space vehicle’s windows with views of earth or deep space from close earth orbit. For purposes of analysis, numbers from 1 to 51 were assigned and information about the author, including name, was not included. In other words, the text spoke for itself, irrelevant of demographics or personal identifiers. The first analysis was syntactical – looking at aspects of structure in regard to coherence and degrees of abstractness; the second hermeneutical – focused on contextual meaning. The syntactical analysis We conducted a syntactical analysis using the Coh-Metrix computer software developed in the Psychology Department at the University of Memphis (http://cohmetrix.memphis.edu). Coh-Metrix analyzes the coherence of texts based on a wide range of measures (Graesser et al. 2004). We were interested in a number of questions that Coh-Metrix can answer. One of the things we wanted to know is whether there are significant differences between the in-flight journals and the post-flight descriptions found in interviews and books. Preliminary results indicate causal cohesion and differentiation of concreteness versus abstractness of the narratives.
Serological markers in Arabs with lupus nephritis

The aim of this study was to characterize the autoantibody profile of Arabs with lupus nephritis (LN). Therefore, the records of 42 Arabs with classical systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were reviewed. Twenty one (50%) with LN and 21 without. Most patients with LN have developed their nephropathy within the first five years of the disease. Only C3 hypocomplementemia achieved statistically significant correlation in nephritic patients and anti ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibodies in non-nephritic patients. The difference in anti double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies was insignificant (P = 0.107), as both groups had markedly high prevalence of these antibodies. In addition, there was no significant negative association between detectable rheumatoid factor (RI) and patients with LN. We also examined the spectrum of specific entities of antibodies that had previously been reported in association with LN in other series (anti Smith (Sm), RNP and SS-A without anti SS-B, anti SS-A and SS-B, anti RNP and Smith, anti RNP and dsDNA and anti RNP and SS-A antibodies). None has shown any correlation with renal disease, P = 1.00, P = 0.591, P = 0.613, P = 0.195 and P = 0.148, respectively. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that Arab patients with LN do not exhibit a distinctive serological profile, nonetheless it provides useful information to studies of SLE in different ethnic or racial groups.
What proportion of lung cancer in never‐smokers can be attributed to known risk factors?

Though tobacco smoking is the primary risk factor for lung cancer, a significant fraction of lung cancer deaths occur in lifetime nonsmokers. In this article, we calculate the burden of lung cancer in never‐smokers attributable to previously identified risk factors in North America, Europe and China, using population‐based estimates of exposure prevalence and estimates of relative risk derived from recently published meta‐analyses. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) for individual risk factors ranged from 0.40 to 19.93%. Because of differences in the prevalence of exposures, the PAFs associated with several of the risk factors varied greatly by geographical region. Exposure to the selected risk factors appeared to explain a much larger proportion of lung cancer cases in never‐smokers in China than in Europe and North America. Our results demonstrate the geographic variability of the epidemiology of lung cancer in never‐smokers and highlight the need for further research in this area, particularly in Europe and North America.
The Limits of Legitimacy: Dissenting Opinions, Media Coverage, and Public Responses to Supreme Court Decisions

When the U.S. Supreme Court announces a decision, reporters simplify and dramatize the complex legal issues by highlighting dissenting opinions and thus emphasizing conflict among the justices themselves. This often sensationalistic coverage fosters public controversy over specific rulings, despite polls which show that Americans strongly believe in the Court's legitimacy as an institution. In The Limits of Legitimacy, Michael A. Zilis illuminates this link between case law and public opinion. Drawing on a diverse array of sources and methods, he employs case studies of eminent domain decisions, analysis of survey data and media reporting, an experiment to test how volunteers respond to media messages, and finally the natural experiment of the controversy over the Affordable Care Act, popularly known as Obamacare. Zilis finds, first, that the media tends not to quote from majority opinions. However, the greater the division over a particular ruling among the justices themselves, the greater the likelihood that the media will criticize that ruling, characterize it as activist, and employ inflammatory rhetoric. Zilis then demonstrates that the media's portrayal of a decision, as much as the substance of the decision itself, influences citizens' reactions to and acceptance of it. This meticulously constructed study and its persuasively argued conclusion advance the understanding of the media, judicial politics, political institutions, and political behavior.
Performance Enhancement of an Induction Motor by Secondary Impedance Control

This paper demonstrates the use of nonresistive secondary control of an induction motor to improve efficiency, power factor, and torque. A mathematical algorithm is presented to predict the control requirements in terms of secondary capacitance. The required secondary capacitance is implemented by a novel electronic switching technique that effectively increases the value of the used capacitor. This overcomes the high-capacitance demand and provides a feasible solution. Experimental verification is presented in the results obtained from a small induction motor drive.
Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Protein Interacts with Pectin through a Binding Site Formed by Four Clustered Residues of Arginine and Lysine1

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) is a cell wall protein that inhibits fungal polygalacturonases (PGs) and retards the invasion of plant tissues by phytopathogenic fungi. Here, we report the interaction of two PGIP isoforms from Phaseolus vulgaris (PvPGIP1 and PvPGIP2) with both polygalacturonic acid and cell wall fractions containing uronic acids. We identify in the three-dimensional structure of PvPGIP2 a motif of four clustered arginine and lysine residues (R183, R206, K230, and R252) responsible for this binding. The four residues were mutated and the protein variants were expressed in Pichia pastoris. The ability of both wild-type and mutated proteins to bind pectins was investigated by affinity chromatography. Single mutations impaired the binding and double mutations abolished the interaction, thus indicating that the four clustered residues form the pectin-binding site. Remarkably, the binding of PGIP to pectin is displaced in vitro by PGs, suggesting that PGIP interacts with pectin and PGs through overlapping although not identical regions. The specific interaction of PGIP with polygalacturonic acid may be strategic to protect pectins from the degrading activity of fungal PGs.
Political Freedom and Corporate Payouts

We study the effect of a country's political freedom status on corporate payouts around the world. In both OLS and two-stage regressions, we find that firms in less free countries pay out more cash, suggesting that low political freedom is associated with a less friendly investment environment. Consistent with this view, we further find that firms reduce payouts when a country's political freedom status improves, while they tend to pay out past excess cash and cut future investment in the face of a deterioration in political freedom. In additional analysis, we also find that firms in less free countries do not pay out cash mainly to ease agency concerns: cash payouts in these countries are more volatile and hence less valuable.
“Recovery” in bipolar disorder: How can service users be supported through a self-management intervention? A qualitative focus group study

Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and recurrent affective disorder. Recovery is defined as the process by which people can live fulfilling lives despite experiencing symptoms. Aims To explore how an opportunistically recruited group of service users with BD experience recovery and self-management to understand more about how a service users' recovery may be supported. Method Twelve service users with BD took part in a series of focus groups. Service users' responses to questions about their personal experiences of self-management and recovery were analysed. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis ([. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101]) was employed to identify common themes in the data. Results Four key themes were identified: (1) Recovery is not about being symptom free; (2) Recovery requires taking responsibility for your own wellness; (3) Self-management: building on existing techniques; (4) Overcoming barriers to recovery: negativity, stigma and taboo. Conclusion Service users with BD have provided further support for the concept of recovery and have suggested a number of ways recovery can be supported. A self-management approach informed by the recovery literature has been proposed as a way to support service users' recovery.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN DIURNAL VARIATIONS OF SUBJECTIVE ACTIVATION AND MOOD

This article evaluates the influence of gender on diurnal and postlunch period variations in subjective activation and mood. This topic is not often addressed in the literature; particularly, little attention has been paid to how biological rhythms might bias research results. We studied 40 university student volunteers (20 men, 20 women) aged 18 to 23 years old (X = 20.23, SD = 1.03); they responded to questions on eight unipolar visual analog scales every hour from 08:00 to 21:00. Gender differences were observed in both diurnal and postlunch variations for scales of positive activation (alertness, vigor); sleepiness, however, was only sensitive to diurnal variation, and weariness was sensitive only to a postlunch effect. Women displayed a morning- type pattern, with their optimal moment (11:00) coming 2h earlier than for men, and their activation ratings ranged more widely. The only mood scale that showed differences related to gender was that of happiness, for which women had a higher diurnal mean, a diurnal peak 2h earlier, and a less-intense postlunch effect. Endogenous control of rhythmic pattern appears to be less intense in women, probably due to the coexistence of circamensual rhythmicity, although environmental or sociocultural influences may play a modulating role. Chronopsychological gender differences in affective states should be studied further given the implication they have for the prevention and treatment of mood disorders. (Chronobiology International, 18(3), 491–502, 2001)
The South Wales Miners Federation, Miners' Lung and the Instrumental Use of Expertise, 1900-1950

Oral history materials from the South Wales Miners' Library are used to examine the communal understandings of, and collective responses to, the scourge of Miners' Lung (pneumoconiosis) in the 1920s and 1930s. Lay epidemiology in mining communities attributed an aetiological rôle to coaldust at a time when many experts believed miners' pulmonary disease to be bronchitic, or to be silica-induced. In their efforts to secure compensation claims for their members, union officials instrumentally used scientific expertise in a variety of forms: they contributed to epidemiological evidence; they lobbied for more government-funded research; they `bought' experts; they duped expert witnesses; and they made sophisticated instrumental appeals to the supposed independence of favourable expert judgements. Eventually, miners' situated `local knowledge' became scientific orthodoxy, a success story which may be associated with the class-conscious miners' `bump of irreverence' about expert knowledge, and with the divided character of the expert core-set, sections of which were receptive to miners' `local knowledge' claims.
Primer RNA synthesis by plasmid‐specified Rep protein for initiation of ColE2 DNA replication.

Initiation of in vitro ColE2 DNA replication requires the plasmid‐specified Rep protein and DNA polymerase I but not RNA polymerase and DnaG primase. The ColE2 Rep protein binds specifically to the origin where replication initiates. Leading‐strand synthesis initiates at a unique site in the origin and lagging‐strand DNA synthesis terminates at another unique site in the origin. Here we show that the primer RNA for leading‐strand synthesis at the origin has a unique structure of 5′‐ppApGpA. We reconstituted the initiation reaction of leading‐strand DNA synthesis by using purified proteins, the ColE2 Rep protein, Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and SSB, and we showed that the ColE2 Rep protein is a priming enzyme, primase, which is specific for the ColE2 origin. The ColE2 Rep protein is unique among other primases in that it recognizes the origin region and synthesizes the primer RNA at a fixed site in the origin region. Specific requirement for ADP as a substrate and its direct incorporation into the 5′ end of the primer RNA are also unique properties of the ColE2 Rep protein.
Protective and curative effects of the 15 KD isolated protein from the Peganum harmala L. seeds against carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress in brain, tests and erythrocytes of rats.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the protective and curative effects of the 15 KD protein isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala L. against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative stress in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the protective study, animals were pretreated intraperitoneally with 15 KD isolated protein at doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg body weight as well as vitamin C (250 mg/kg body weight p.o) for 7 days and then challenged with CCl4 orally (1 ml/kg body weight) in olive oil (50%) for 2 days. In the curative study, rats were administered CCl4 orally for 2 days, then treated intraperitoneally with 15 KD protein (4 and 8 mg/kg body weight) and orally with vitamin C. RESULTS Administration of CCl4 induced induction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels as well as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in brain, testes and erythrocytes. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in brain was also inhibited by CCl4 administration. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of rats either pre or post CCl4 intoxication successfully alleviated the oxidative stress in the brain, testes and erythrocytes of the experimental animals. Data also showed that the isolated protein possessed strong antioxidant activity comparable to that of vitamin C.