Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monthly prevalence and diversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Fars Province, Southern Iran

Davood Keshavarzi, Zahra Soltani, Mostafa Ebrahimi, Aboozar Soltani, Gidiglo Godwin Nutifafa, Firoozeh Soltani, Hosssein Faramarzi, Kamyar Amraee, Amir Hassanzadeh Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Communicable Disease Unit, Faculty of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Research Centre for Health Sciences, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Long-run consequences of natural disasters : Evidence from Tangshan DIW

Exploiting Tangshan 1976 the deadliest earthquake in the 20th century as a source of exogenous variation, we estimate the long-run effect of a historical shock on contemporary socio-economic outcomes. Cohorts born after the earthquake were not only larger, but exhibit lower school completion rates, particularly among the female today. Despite lower schooling levels, there is no evidence for adverse labour market outcomes. We conduct robustness checks and argue that the effect is causal.
Soil organic carbon pool changes following land‐use conversions

Carbon (C) can be sequestered in the mineral soil after the conversion of intensively cropped agricultural fields to more extensive land uses such as afforested and natural succession ecosystems. Three land‐use treatments from the long‐term ecological research site at Kellogg biological station in Michigan were compared with a nearby deciduous forest. Treatments included a conventionally tilled cropland, a former cropland afforested with poplar for 10 years and an old field (10 years) succession. We used soil aggregate and soil organic matter fractionation techniques to isolate C pools that (1) have a high potential for C storage and (2) accumulate C at a fast rate during afforestation or succession. These fractions could serve as sensitive indicators for the total change in C content due to land‐use changes. At the mineral soil surface (0–7 cm), afforesting significantly increased soil aggregation to levels similar to native forest. However, surface soil (0–7 cm) C did not follow this trend: soil C of the native forest site (22.9 t C ha−1) was still significantly greater than the afforested (12.6 t C ha−1) and succession (15.4 t C ha−1) treatments. However, when the 0–50 cm soil layer was considered, no differences in total soil C were observed between the cropland and the poplar afforested system, while the successional system increased total soil C (0–50 cm) at a rate of 0.786 t C ha−1 yr−1. Afforested soils sequestered C mainly in the fine intra‐aggregate particulate organic matter (POM) (53–250 μm), whereas the successional soils sequestered C preferentially in the mineral‐associated organic matter and fine intra‐aggregate POM C pools.
State men, market women: the effects of left conservatism on Gender politics in romanian transition

En este articulo la autora intenta demostrar que las politicas dominantes en la transicion de la Rumania post-comunista orientan a las mujeres hacia el mercado mientras los hombres se dirigen al Estado. Debido al conservadurismo de izquierda, la propuesta politica mas popular, los principales receptores de las politicas redistributivas fueron los sindicatos de las industrias estatales donde eran mayoria los trabajadores varones. A las mujeres se les dejo "a merced del mercado", mientras los hombres eran protegidos como "victimas favoritas" y obtuvieron ventaja como "clientes favoritos". En ausencia de una politica local feminista, estas politicas altamente desiguales en cuanto al genero son cubiertas por un "feminismo a la carta", segun el Acquis Communautaire. Europa oriental ha alcanzado un momento post-feminista (de acuerdo con los medios de comunicacion). La autora defiende la combinacion entre "lo personal es politico" y "lo politico es personal".
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of Brucella Species - Old and New Drugs

Brucella species cause brucellosis in humans and animals, a zoonosis that can manifest not only as acute or chronic diseases but also as silent infections persisting throughout life with recurrences potentially occurring after several decades. In vitro and in vivo methods have been developed to evaluate the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of antibiotics against Brucella sp. Especially eukaryotic cells and animal models have been used to eval‐ uate the ability of antibiotics, alone or in combination, to eradicate these bacteria from their intracellular reservoir. Although treatment recommendations have been established for common clinical forms of brucellosis, optimized therapeutic alternatives are still need‐ ed for severe forms of the disease, and for infections occurring in young children and pregnant women. Moreover, acquired resistance to first-line treatments of brucellosis is a current concern. This chapter will summarize current knowledge on in vitro and in vivo interactions between Brucella species and antibiotics and new therapeutic strategies that have been evaluated.
Performance Limits of Axial Compressor Stages

This paper presents a framework for estimating the upper limit of compressor stage efficiency. Using a compressor stage model with a representative design velocity distribution with turbulent boundary layers, losses are calculated as the sum of selected local irreversibilities, rather than from correlations based on data from existing machines. By considering only losses that cannot be eliminated and optimizing stage design variables for minimum loss, an upper bound on stage efficiency can be determined as a function of a small number of stage design parameters. The impact of the stage analysis results are evaluated in the context of gas turbine cycle performance. The implication from the results of the stage level and cycle analyses is that compressor efficiency improvements that result in substantial increases in cycle thermal efficiency are still to be realized.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
YOU CAN'T JUDGE A PIGMENT BY ITS COLOR: CAROTENOID AND MELANIN CONTENT OF YELLOW AND BROWN FEATHERS IN SWALLOWS, BLUEBIRDS, PENGUINS, AND DOMESTIC CHICKENS

Abstract The two main pigment types in bird feathers are the red, orange, and yellow carotenoids and the black, gray, and brown melanins. Reports conflict, however, regarding the potential for melanins to produce yellow colors or for carotenoids to produce brown plumages. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to analyze carotenoids and melanins present in the yellow and brown feathers of five avian species: Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis), Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica), King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), Macaroni Penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus), and neonatal chickens (Gallus domesticus). In none of these species did we detect carotenoid pigments in feathers. Although carotenoids are reportedly contained in the ventral plumage of European Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica rustica), we instead found high concentrations of both eumelanins and phaeomelanins in North American Barn Swallows (H. r. erythrogaster). We believe we have detected a new form of plumage pigment that gives penguin and domestic- chick feathers their yellow appearance. No Puedes Juzgar un Pigmento por su Color: Contenido de Carotenoide y Melanina de Plumas Amarillas y Marrones en Golondrinas, Azulejos, Pingüinos y Gallinas Domésticas Resumen. Los dos tipos principales de pigmentos que las aves incorporan en sus plumas son carotenoides, para desarrollar plumajes rojo, naranja o amarillo, y melaninas, para adquirir coloración negra, marrón, gris o tonalidades color tierra. Sin embargo, existe información conflictiva sobre la potencial coloración de plumas amarillas basadas en melanina y la presencia de caroteniodes en el plumaje marrón de ciertas especies. En este estudio, usamos cromatografía líquida de alto rendimiento para analizar los tipos y cantidades de carotenoides y melaninas presentes en las plumas amarillas y marrones de cinco especies de aves: el azulejo Sialia sialis y la golondrina Hirundo rustica, los pingüinos Aptenodytes patagonicus y Eudyptes chrysolophus y el plumón natal amarillo de la gallina doméstica Gallus domesticus. En ninguna de estas especies detectamos pigmentos carotenoides en las plumas. A pesar de que los carotenoides han sido encontrados en el plumaje ventral de la golondrina Hirundo rustica rustica, nosotros en cambio encontramos altas concentraciones de eumelaninas y feomelaninas en H. r. erythrogaster y en azulejos que variaron entre individuos y regiones de plumaje. Creemos que hemos detectado una nueva forma de pigmento de plumaje que le da a las plumas de pingüinos y pollos domésticos su apariencia amarilla.
Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Butadiene. 1. The Propagation Rate Coefficient

The kinetics of the emulsifier free seeded polymerization of butadiene at 60-degrees-C in Smith-Ewart interval Ill was investigated using sodium peroxodisulfate as initiator. The aim of this work was to measure the propagation rate coefficient (k(p)) of butadiene at 60-degrees-C in emulsion polymerization. Model-independent techniques to measure propagation rate coefficients like spatially intermitted polymerizations1-3 (''rotating sector'' and ''laser flash'' photolysis) have not been used for butadiene so far since network formation prevents acquiring the necessary data from GPC. All experiments were conducted in the presence of tert-dodecylmercaptan, as is usual in industrial practice. The fractional conversion was based on gravimetrically calibrated on-line densitometry and was found to be highly accurate. By analogy with the well-known Ugelstad plots, the product of the propagation rate coefficient (k(p)) and the average number of radicals per particle (nBAR) versus seed latex particle diameter clearly shows Smith-Ewart caseI and case II regimes. From a constancy in values of k(p)nBAR (case II regime) in this plot, a value for k(p) could be calculated that was 3 times larger than the current literature value. It was found that negligible ''thermal background initiation'' is present in the butadiene system. Two linear regions in polymerization rate are observed in interval III. Model calculations are presented in excellent agreement with the experimental data. From these calculations a value of the rate coefficient for transfer to monomer, k(tr) could be estimated.
Conditioning and aversion to toxic Solanum bonariense ("naranjillo") leaves in calves.

Solanum bonariense is a perennial poisonous shrub that induces cerebellar cortical degeneration when eaten by cattle. The aim of this research was to outline a protocol to induce a conditioned aversion to this plant. During the pre-conditioning period ten calves (126±12kg BW) were maintained at half of their normal energy intake with lucerne hay and water ad libitum, to stimulate consumption of S. bonariense. Every two days they were offered 100g ofS. bonariense leaves for 5 minutes. Calves began eating the target plant on day 10 and consumed all the plant material on day 12. The conditioning period began after each calf consumed the entire amount of S. bonariense for three consecutive sessions. Five animals were randomly selected for conditioning, and after ingestion ofS. bonariense they were dosed by oral gavage with lithium chloride (LiCl) at 200mg kg-1 BW (treated group), while the other five received a similar volume of water by oral gavage (control group). After 2 doses of LiCl the treated group ate no S. bonariense while the control group consumed the entire 100g. We confirmed that LiCl is a powerful tool to induce conditioned aversions against S. bonariense in calves, which persists for at least 3 months.
Imperfect pass-through to deposit rates and monetary policy transmission

I document three salient features of the transmission of monetary policy shocks: imperfect pass-through to deposit rates, impact on credit spreads, and substitution between deposits and other bank liabilities. I develop a monetary model consistent with these facts, where banks have market power on deposits, a duration-mismatched balance sheet, and a dividend-smoothing motive. Deposit demand has a dynamic component, as in the literature on customer markets. A financial friction makes non-deposit funding supply imperfectly elastic. The model indicates that imperfect pass-through to deposit rates is an important source of amplification of monetary policy shocks.
Spatial and temporal isolating mechanisms: the formation of discrete breeding aggregations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

This study examined the spatial and temporal isolation of breeding aggregations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) along a single island beach in Iliamna Lake, Alaska. The density and spatial extent of these aggregations varied among years, but one of the sites (Fuel Dump Point) was consistently separated from another major spawning area (Fuel Dump Bay) by at least 15 m of unused but generally similar habitat. Females settled first at the Point and this site supported higher spawner densities than the adjacent Bay. Male breeding opportunity, estimated from operational sex ratios, was higher in the Bay soon after spawning commenced. However, few males moved from the Point into the Bay and all movement that occurred was late in the season, when breeding opportunities for males were very limited. The reproductive success of males that moved from the Bay to the Point was estimated to be 0.003% of the total reproductive success of all males at the Point. The reproductive success of males that moved from th.
Exploring the sensitivities of crenulate bay shorelines to wave climates using a new vector‐based one‐line model

We use a new exploratory model that simulates the evolution of sandy coastlines over decadal to centennial timescales to examine the behavior of crenulate‐shaped bays forced by differing directional wave climates. The model represents the coastline as a vector in a Cartesian reference frame, and the shoreface evolves relative to its local orientation, allowing simulation of coasts with high planform‐curvature. Shoreline change is driven by gradients in alongshore transport following newly developed algorithms that facilitate dealing with high planform‐curvature coastlines. We simulated the evolution of bays from a straight coast between two fixed headlands with no external sediment inputs to an equilibrium condition (zero net alongshore sediment flux) under an ensemble of directional wave climate conditions. We find that planform bay relief increases with obliquity of the mean wave direction, and decreases with the spread of wave directions. Varying bay size over 2 orders of magnitude (0.1–16 km), the model predicts bay shape to be independent of bay size. The time taken for modeled bays to attain equilibrium was found to scale with the square of the distance between headlands, so that, all else being equal, small bays are likely to respond to and recover from perturbations more rapidly (over just a few years) compared to large bays (hundreds of years). Empirical expressions predicting bay shape may be misleading if used to predict their behavior over planning timescales.
H ∞-and H 2-synthesis for nested interconnections : A direct state-space approach by linear matrix inequalities

Recently we proposed a state-space solution of the structured H∞-synthesis problem for nested interconnections. These are characterized by generalized plants with a blocktriangular structure of the control channel and the search for optimal controllers whose transfer matrix shares this structure. The existing approach is based on eliminating the structured controller matrices and results in LMI existence conditions for H∞-controllers. The present paper serves to develop an alternative approach with a novel structured convexifying controller parameter transformations which allows the extension of the design procedure to H2and mixed H2/H∞-cost criteria.
ENERGY , TIME AND LONGITUDINAL TRAIN DYNAMICS COSTS USING ENERGY OPTIMISED DRIVING STRATEGIES IN HEAVY HAUL TRAINS

There are many costs and overheads in operating a rail haulage service. Insights into how to reduce some of the operational costs can be obtained by focusing on costs that are affected by the driving strategy. Two main costs affected by the driving strategy relate to time and energy. There also exists a train dynamics cost which is influenced by longitudinal in-train forces. The cost optimisation of a heavy haul rail operation involves many factors such as train design, track design and scheduling. However an above-rail operator may only have control over the driving strategy and the train configuration with the other factors forming the operational limits.
Understanding star formation in molecular clouds: II. Signatures of gravitational collapse of IRDCs

We analyse column density and temperature maps derived from Herschel dust continuum observations of a sample of prominent, massive infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) i.e. G11.11-0.12, G18.82-0.28, G28.37+0.07, and G28.53-0.25. We disentangle the velocity structure of the clouds using 13CO 1→0 and 12CO 3→2 data, showing that these IRDCs are the densest regions in massive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and not isolated features. The probability distribution function (PDF) of column densities for all clouds have a power-law distribution over all (high) column densities, regardless of the evolutionary stage of the cloud: G11.11-0.12, G18.82-0.28, and G28.37+0.07 contain (proto)-stars, while G28.53-0.25 shows no signs of star formation. This is in contrast to the purely log-normal PDFs reported for near and/or mid-IR extinction maps. We only find a log-normal distribution for lower column densities, if we perform PDFs of the column density maps of the whole GMC in which the IRDCs are embedded. By comparing the PDF slope and the radial column density profile of three of our clouds, we attribute the power law to the effect of large-scale gravitational collapse and to local free-fall collapse of pre- and protostellar cores for the highest column densities. A significant impact on the cloud properties from radiative feedback is unlikely because the clouds are mostly devoid of star formation. Independent from the PDF analysis, we find infall signatures in the spectral profiles of 12CO for G28.37+0.07 and G11.11-0.12, supporting the scenario of gravitational collapse. Our results are in line with earlier interpretations that see massive IRDCs as the densest regions within GMCs, which may be the progenitors of massive stars or clusters. At least some of the IRDCs are probably the same features as ridges (high column density regions with N> 1023 cm-2 over small areas), which were defined for nearby IR-bright GMCs. Because IRDCs are only confined to the densest (gravity dominated) cloud regions, the PDF constructed from this kind of a clipped image does not represent the (turbulence dominated) low column density regime of the cloud
Marriages Are More Satisfying When Wives Are Thinner Than Their Husbands

Body weight plays a significant role in attraction and relationship formation, but does it continue to shape more established relationships? The current 4-year longitudinal study of 169 newlywed couples addressed this question by examining the implications of own and partner body mass index (BMI) for the trajectory of marital satisfaction. In contrast to findings from studies of attraction and mate selection, own and partner BMI demonstrated inconsistent effects on the trajectory of satisfaction. However, consistent with predictions derived from interdependence theory, normative resource theories, and evolutionary perspectives, husbands were more satisfied initially and wives were more satisfied over time to the extent that wives had lower BMIs than their husbands, controlling for depression, income, education, and whether the relationship ended in divorce. These findings suggest that a dyadic perspective may be more appropriate than an individual one for understanding how partners' qualities shape established relationships such as marriage.
Hierarchical Topic Segmentation of TV shows Automatic Transcripts

The growth in the collections of multimedia documents made the development of new data access and data structuring techniques a necessity. The work presented in this report focuses on structuring TV shows and among the different kinds of structuring we approach the topic segmentation. Moreover we are interested in techniques able to provide hierarchical topic segmentation. The motivation for this research is defined by the potential impact of these techniques, since they fold perfectly on navigation and information retrieval subjects. In order to provide an automatic structuring of TV shows, that is generic, we use the words pronounced in TV shows, made available by their automatic textual transcription provided by an ASR system. The proposed topic segmentation algorithm consists in the recursive application of a modified version of TextTiling. It is based on the exploitation of a technique called vectorization, which was recently introduced for linear segmentation and outperformed the other existing techniques. We decided to study vectorization in more depth since it is a powerful technique and we tested it both for linear and hierarchical segmentation. The results obtained show that using vectorization can improve the segmentation and justify the interest of further applying such a technique.
ROTARY ULTRASONIC MACHINING OF TITANIUM ALLOY: EFFECTS OF MACHINING VARIABLES

Titanium and its alloys are finding prime applications in industries due to their unique properties. However, the high cost of machining is one of the limiting factors for their widespread use. Tremendous efforts are being made to improve the existing machining processes, and new processes are being developed to reduce the machining cost in order to increase the titanium market. However, there is no report on the systematic study of the effects of machining variables on output parameters in rotary ultrasonic machining of titanium and its alloys. This paper presents an experimental study on rotary ultrasonic machining of a titanium alloy. The cutting force, material removal rate, and surface roughness (when using rotary ultrasonic machining) of a titanium alloy have been investigated using different machining variables.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDENTS’ SUCCESS IN MATHEMATICS AND OVERALL SUCCESS

In recent years, parents in Turkey have mobilized for their children to pass exams and attend the schools they want, which affects children’s success and psychology severely. In this context, this study investigates the relationship between second level primary 7th and 8th grade students’ math success and overall success in terms of the variables of parents’ educational background and gender. The study was conducted with 472 students in Istanbul during the 2010-2011 academic year. The data was collected from the students’ 2011 SBS (Elementary Proficiency Exam) results. This research was designed in the relational analysis model. The SPSS16.0 statistical package was used for the statistical analyses of the research data. Independent group t-test and ANOVA were used in the data analysis depending on the variables. The method of the Pearson productmoment correlation coefficient was used in the analysis of the relationship between dependent variables. According to the results of the findings, a significantly positive relationship was observed between students’ overall and math success and there were significant relationships between the variables in terms of parents’ educational background. A significant difference was observed in favor of female students in terms of gender. Some suggestions were presented moving from the fact that parents’ educational background affects students’ math success and overall success.