Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Winter selection of habitats within intertidal foraging areas by mink (Mustela vison)

Patterns of habitat selection by American mink Mustela vison within foraging areas located on the shore, were studied in a coastal environment of Scotland from November to March in 1983/84, 1984/85 and 1994/95. The abundance of prey in the intertidal zone was modelled in relation to abiotic environmental characteristics. Four factors were found to be important predictors of prey abundance: the position within the tidal zone, the abundance and size of rockpools, the nature of the substratum and the presence of fresh water streams. The model was used to predict prey abundance in different areas of the shore. We then investigated whether mink were choosing areas with higher prey abundance at different tidal levels and within, as opposed to between, core areas (areas with a relatively high density of fixes, encompassing usually one or more dens). Only when foraging at low or mid-tide and within core areas were mink found to behave selectively. They showed no significant preference for areas rich in prey when foraging at high tide and between core areas. Mink were also found to avoid areas with fresh water streams and to prefer foraging in the mid-tide zone. The findings are discussed in relation to prey abundance and competition with the otter Lutra lutra.
X-rays across the galaxy population - II. The distribution of AGN accretion rates as a function of stellar mass and redshift

We provide measurements of the probability distribution function of specific black hole accretion rates within a sample of galaxies of a given stellar mass and redshift, \(p(\log \lambda_{sBHAR} | M_*,z)\). Measurements are provided for all galaxies, star-forming galaxies and quiescent galaxies. We also provide estimates of the AGN duty cycle, \(f(\lambda_{sBHAR} >0.01)\) i.e. the fraction of galaxies with an AGN above a given limit in specific accretion rate, based on the probability distribution functions. Full details are provided in Aird et al. (2017b, MNRAS, in press, arXiv:1705.01132); please cite this publication if you use these measurements.
Diversification of the level of agricultural development in the member states of the European Union

The paper aimed to evaluate the level of development of agriculture in 25 member states of the European Union (EU) in 2010–2013. The analysis was carried out using the development model proposed by Hellwig, which enabled the calculation of a single synthetic aggregate measure based on the characteristics of agriculture in respective countries. This made it possible to compare the analysed member states, thus providing the basis for allocating them to uniform groups characterised by a similar level of agricultural development. The results indicate that the Netherlands and Denmark are the countries with the highest level of agricultural development. The studies also show that the worst level of development in the ranking is presented primarily by the member states that acceded to the EU in 2004 and later, with agriculture in Slovakia and the Czech Republic being an exception. The diversification of the values of synthetic measure in respective member states points to a considerable diversification of agricultural development within the EU, which is determined both by the production potential and the effectiveness of its utilisation.
Magnesium absorption from the large intestine of sheep

The effect on ruminal fermentation and milk production of increasing the proportion of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) in a pasture diet was investigated in early (Trial 1) and late (Trial 2) lactation. Twenty four cows in Trial 1 and 15 cows in Tria l 2 were offered pasture (P), 85% P plus 15% protein/NSC mixture (PR), and P+10% (Trial 1) or P+15% (Trial 2) NSC (PE) in a latin square design. All diets were isonitrogenous and P and PR were isoenergetic. PE but not PR increased microbial protein synthesis and decreased rumen ammonia and milk urea levels compared to P in both trials. In Trial 1, neither PE nor PR increased milk yield or milk solids output compared to P. Nitrogen but not dry matter digestibility was reduced on PR and PE compared to P. Ruminal degrad ation of casein, but not of pasture, was increased on PR and PE compared to P. In Trial 2 the milk yields of cows offered PE and PR were greater than those offered P, and greater on PE than PR. Increasing the ratio of carbohydrate to protein was more effective in improv ng nitrogen utilisation in the rumen than was increasing the proportion of NSC.
Gambling addiction and life meaning

Gambling Addiction and Life Meaning by Andrew Bohdan Plesh Dr. Russell Hurlburt, Examination Committee Chair Professor of Psychology University of Nevada, Las Vegas Addictive Gambling has plagued mankind for thousands of years. However, it has only recently been studied extensively. One proposed cause for addiction, which has been used in studying alcohol and drug abuse, is a lack of meaning in the addict’s life. However, a causal link between life meaning and gambling addiction has not yet been examined. This study used a sample of 355 normal people and compared scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), the Purpose in Life (PIL) Test, the short form of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST). Relationships between the level of gambling addiction, as shown on the SOGS, and the level of meaning in life, as shown on the PIL, were examined. The effect of depression on these variables, as measured on the short form of the BDI, was considered. The relationship of alcohol addiction to gambling and meaning in life, as measured on the MAST, was examined. The study found a mild negative correlation between scores on the SOGS and those on the PIL. This correlation increased as the level of alcoholism among the participants decreased.
Factors Affecting Exercise Adherence Behavior of University Students in Upper Northeastern, Thailand

This research was aimed to study the meaning of adhere to exercise by the experience of university students who adhere to exercise. The experience and model of a lifestyle that has adhered to an exercise of those adhere to exercise. The phenomenological study, data was collected through in-depth interviews individually. The groups of main contributors were 12 university students who adhere to exercise by checking the reliability of the data and conclusions by the contributor. Data was analyzed by the researcher used the phenomenological analysis of data. The results showed students who adhere to exercise definite exercise adherence that is to exercise regularly and exercise it for a long time with feeling like exercise which is thought of exercise is a part of life. It makes the body healthy and to have fun and develop them. The experience and model of lifestyle adhere to exercise that can be divided into three phases: 1) before performing exercise 2) began performing an exercise, and 3) when it adheres to exercise. It was found that in all phases of the study can be divided into two factors related to the second side is the side of the personal and the environmental factors.
Stackings and the W-cycles Conjecture

Abstract We prove Wise's $W$ -cycles conjecture. Consider a compact graph $\Gamma '$ immersing into another graph $\Gamma $ . For any immersed cycle $\Lambda :{{S}^{1}}\to \Gamma $ , we consider the map $\Lambda '$ from the circular components $\mathbb{S}$ of the pullback to $\Gamma '$ . Unless $\Lambda '$ is reducible, the degree of the covering map $\mathbb{S}\to {{S}^{1}}$ is bounded above by minus the Euler characteristic of $\Gamma '$ . As a corollary, any finitely generated subgroup of a one-relator group has a finitely generated Schur multiplier.
Growth inhibiting effects of plant extracts against the grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) (Gelechiidae: Lepidoptera)

Extracts of Acorus calamus (L.) (sweet flag), Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) (neem) and Curcuma longa (L.) (turmeric) prepared in petroleum ether, acetone and ethanol were evaluated as growth inhibitor against Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.). Among these extracts, petroleum ether extract of sweet flag at application rates of 1000, 500 and 250 µg/g and its acetone extract at 1000 and 500 µg/g completely inhibited emergence of adults. Petroleum ether extract of neem was next to sweet flag. Turmeric was less effective than neem extract especially at 1000 and 500 µg/g application rates.
A Laborsaving, Timesaving, and More Reliable Strategy for Separation of Low-Molecular-Mass Phosphoproteins in Phos-tag Affinity Electrophoresis

Reversible phosphorylation is a key signaling mechanism for modulating the functional properties of proteins involved in numerous cellular events. Abnormal protein phosphorylation causes many human diseases. Experimental procedures for the determination of the phosphorylation status of certain proteins are therefore very important in relation to studies on a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. We have previously reported a novel phosphate-affinity sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique using a dizinc(II) complex of the phosphate-binding ligand Phos-tag in conjunction with a neutral-pH gel system to detect shifts in the mobilities of phosphoproteins (Zn 2+ –Phos-tag SDS-PAGE). However, this handmade gel-based procedure is often laborious and time-consuming to perform, and requires a skillful analyst. More recently, SuperSep Phos-tag precast gel has been developed on the basis of the Zn 2+ –Phos-tag SDS-PAGE methodology. This novel ready-to-use system employs a neutral-pH gel containing 12.5% (w/v) polyacrylamide and the immobilized Zn 2+ –Phos-tag (50 µM), which is generally used in conjunction with a Tris–glycine-based electrophoretic running buffer. We examined the potential usage of a Tris–N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]glycine (Tris–Tricine) buffer as an alternative running buffer for the SuperSep Phos-tag precast gel system in the analysis of low-molecular-mass phosphoproteins. Compared with Tris–glycine, the Tris–Tricine running buffer improved the resolution of 8.8-35 kDa phosphoproteins and phosphopeptides. We can therefore provide a laborsaving, timesaving, and more reliable strategy for separation of low-molecular-mass phosphoproteins in Phos-tag affinity electrophoresis.
A Technology Forecasting Method using Text Mining and Visual Apriori Algorithm

Technology forecasting (TF) is the prediction of the future aspect of a te chnology. TF is therefore an important tool for planning an R&D policy efficiently, and thus most firms and governme nts consider it to be essential to their technological competitiveness. Since developing technology is usually patented, the effi cient analysis of data presented in patent documents is an obvious approach to TF. In this paper, we propose a method for analyzing patent data, using a combination of text mining and the Apriori algorithm. To verify that our method yields an improved performance, we performed an experiment using patent documents concerning database technology retrieved from the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Nash Embedding of Witten’s M-Theory and the Hawking-Hartle Quantum Wave of Dark Energy

Euclidean embedding of the 11-dimensional M-theory turned out to require a very large space leaving lavish amounts of 242 dimensional pseudo truly empty “regions” devoid of space and time and consequently of anything resembling ordinary physical energy density. It is shown here using Nash embedding that the ratio of “solid” M-theory spacetime to its required embedding “non-spacetime” is 1/22 for a classical theory and 1/22.18033989 for an analogous fractal theory. This then leads to a maximal ordinary energy density equation equal to that of Einstein’s famous formula E=mc2 but multiplied with in full agreement with previous results obtained using relatively more conventional methods including running the electromagnetic fine structure constant in the exact solution of the hydrogen atom. Consequently, the new equation corresponds to a quantum relativity theory which unlike Einstein’s original equation gives quantitative predictions which agree perfectly with the cosmological measurements of WMAP and the analysis of certain supernova events. Never the less in our view dark energy also exists being the energy of the quantum wave amounting to 95.5 present of the total Einstein theoretical energy which is blind to any distinction between ordinary energy of the quantum particle and the dark energy of the quantum wave. However, since measurement leads to the collapse of the Hawking-Hartle quantum wave, dark energy being a quantum wave non-ordinary energy could not possibly be measured in the usual way unless highly refined quantum wave non-demolition technology is developed if possible. It is a further reason that dark energy having a different sign to ordinary energy is the cause behind the anti gravity force which is pushing the universe apart and accelerating cosmic expansion. Consequently it can be seen as the result of anticlastic Cartan-like curvature caused by extra compactified dimensions of spacetime. A simple toy model demonstration of the effect of curvature in a “material” space is briefly discussed.
Dose-Response of Propofol for Tracheal Intubation in Children Correlated to Intubation Condition Score and Cerebral State Index. Randomized, Double-Blinded Trial

Background: Avoiding neuromuscular blocking drugs may prevent the potential complications of their use if they are not required for the planned procedure. This study was designed to estimate dose-response of propofol for tracheal intubation in children correlated to Intubation Condition Score and Cerebral State Index (CSI) without neuromuscular blocking drugs. Methods: 56 children (ages 3-8 years), ASA physical status I and II, weight 13-35 Kg, admitted for adenotonsillectomy were included. Children were randomly divided into four groups to receive propofol by Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) at different concentrations: 3.0 μg•ml-1, 3.5 μg•ml-1, 4.0 μg•ml-1, 4.5 μg•ml-1. At time T0 remifentanil infusion 0.5 μg•kg-1•min-1 was started. After 4 min, time T1, children received propofol according to their group. At time T2 (8 min after T0) tracheal intubation was carried out, Intubation Condition Score and CSI values at time T2 were assessed. Results: The results show that increasing propofol plasma concentrations from 3.0 μg•ml-1 to 4.5 μg•ml-1, the number of patients with acceptable intubating conditions, increased to 100%. There was a statistically significant difference with respect to Intubating Condition Score: 3.0 μg•ml-1 vs 4.5 μg•ml-1 and 3.0 μg•ml-1 vs 4.0 μg•ml-1. With reference to CSI values, a statistically significant difference was observed between 4.5 μg•ml-1 and the other 3 concentrations. We observed a significant difference in patients with CSI≤50 versus CSI>50 among the four propofol groups. Therefore, we detected a significant difference in the Intubation Condition Score between the CSI≤50 and CSI>50 groups. Conclusions: The administration of propofol at 4 and 4.5 μg•ml-1, coadministered with remifentanil 0.5 μg•kg-1•min-1, provided clinically acceptable conditions for tracheal intubation. In our opinion the use of CSI monitoring may be of practical value in producing acceptable intubating conditions in children.
Investigating the effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder on oxidant and antioxidant factors in hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen in male rats

Introduction: Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug. Although it is considered safe at therapeutic doses, at higher doses, might produces a centrilobular hepatic necrosis that can be fatal. In the present study, the effect of fennel seed on hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen was investigated. Methods: In this experimental study, forty-two adult male Wistar rats, weighing 250 to 280g, were randomly allocated into seven groups (n=6 for each group). After 24 hours of fasting, the control and control+ fennel (600, 1200mg/kg) groups, received normal saline, and the acetaminophen and acetaminophen+fennel (300, 600, 1200mg/kg) groups received acetaminophen 1000mg/kg. After 6 hours, groups control and acetaminophen were given normal saline and groups control+fennel (600, 1200mg/kg) and acetaminophen+fennel (300, 600, 1200mg/kg) were given fennel seed powder in normal saline. Twelve hours later, liver peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were assayed. Results: In acetaminophen group, ALT, AST, MDA and H2O2 increased, and peroxidase and catalase activity decreased significantly compared to control. Fennel seed used in acetaminophen+fennel (600mg/kg) group returned the changes toward control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that fennel seed has a protective role in acetaminopheninduced hepatotoxicity.
Indolebutyric acid on boxwood

Buxus sempervirens L. , popularly known as boxwood, is a woody shrub widely used in gardening and landscaping. One of the most important factors for B. sempervirens commercial production is its propagation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations on the adventitious rooting of semihardwood stem cuttings of the species. Branches with new shoots were collected from stock plants with approximately 17 years of growth. Stem cuttings of six centimeters in length with two leaves in the upper region were made with a straight cut at the apex and a bevel cut at the base. Cuttings bases were immersed for 10 seconds in hydroalcoholic solutions (50% v v-1) with IBA at 0, 1500, 3,000 or 6,000 mg L-1. The cuttings were evaluated at 64 and 116 days after planting. Rooting, mortality, callus formation and sprouting percentages as well as root number and root length were measured. At 64 days, no significant percentage of rooting was observed in B. sempervirens stem cuttings and sprouting and callus formation were not significantly affected by the treatments. Keeping the cuttings in the greenhouse for 116 days led to rooting rates up to a 97.5%, with no statistical difference among treatments. Root lengths and root numbers did not differ as a function of treatments. The required period for B. sempervirens stem cuttings rooting is around 116 days; IBA application does not affect rooting, survival or sprouting of B. sempervirens stem cuttings.
Antioxidant Properties and Glucan Compositions of Various Crude Extract from Lentinus squarrosulus Mycelial Culture

Various crude extracts of Lentinus squarrosulus mushroom mycelium and culture broth were prepared for antioxidant studies, glucan and carbohydrate compound analysis. Crude extract from ethanol, cold and hot water extraction was tested on several complementary test systems namely DPPH free radical scavenging, β-carotene linoleic acid oxidation, total phenolic compound, total flavonoid compound, total carbohydrate content and total glucan compositions. The antioxidant activity of the crude extracts of Lentinus squarrosulus mushroom mycelium and culture broth was determined by 2,2’ diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and β-carotene linoleic acid assay. Crude extracted from culture broth EPS EE recorded the highest radical scavenging effects at 20 mg/mL (85%) which is closer to the control antioxidants (ascorbic acid 97%; BHT 92.4%; BHA 93.6%). Both the ethanol extract (IPS EE and EPS EE) exhibited the highest β-carotene linoleic acid oxidation by recording IC50 values of 0.6 and 0.65 mg/mL respectively. IPS EE (0.59 mg/g) and EPS WE (0.58 mg/g) showed high flavonoid content whereas total phenol content was high in EPS WE (0.85 mg/g) and IPS EE (0.84 mg/g). Total carbohydrate concentrations were high in IPS HWE and IPS CWE with 19.1 and 16.3 mg/mL respectively and these data correlate with the β-glucan content in both extracts. The highest β-glucan content found in IPS CWE and IPS HWE were 12.2 and 11.4% w/w respectively.
Feeding Habits of Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in Egyptian Mediterranean Waters@@@العادات الغذائية لأسماك الماكريل التي تنتمي إلى نوع سكومبر جابونكس (Scomber japonicus) في المياه المصرية للبحر المتوسط

Diet of Scomber [aponicus was investigated from stomach contents of fish caught by purse-seine nets using light during th e fishing season which lasted from March to November 1994 in 'the Egyptian Mediterranean , off Alexandria . Stomachs of 114 fish (150-350 rnrn in total length) were examined. Food items were evaluated as percentages by occurrence. weight and relative importance. The major food items were pisces. crustaceans and annelids . Minor food items included molluscs . echinoderms. insects and ascidians . Feeding variation in relation to size and season were studied. Small fish consumed mostly fish fry while the larger individuals fed mostly on fish and shrimps. S. [aponicus fed mainly on fishes in summer whereas it consumed a variety of cru staceans and annelids in spring . Stomach fullness was higher in autumn than in other seasons. The observed prey items taken by chub mackerel allow this predator to be considered as omnivorous.
The galaxy population of Abell 1367: Photometric and spectroscopic data

Aims. Photometric and spectroscopic observations of the galaxy population of the galaxy cluster Abell 1367 have been obtained, over a field of 34 � × 90 � , covering the cluster centre out to a radius of ∼2.2 Mpc. Optical broad- and narrow-band imaging was used to determine galaxy luminosities, diameters and morphologies, and to study current star formation activity of a sample of cluster galaxies. Near-infrared imaging was obtained to estimate integrated stellar masses, and to aid the determination of mean stellar ages and metallicities for the future investigation of the star formation history of those galaxies. Optical spectroscopic observations were also taken, to confirm cluster membership of galaxies in the sample through their recession velocities. Methods. U, B and R broad-band and Hα narrow-band imaging observations were carried out using the Wide Field Camera (WFC) on the 2.5 m Isaac Newton Telescope on La Palma, covering the field described above. J and K near-infrared imaging was obtained using the Wide Field Camera (WFCAM) on the 3.8 m UK Infrared Telescope on Mauna Kea, covering a somewhat smaller field of 0.75 square degrees on the cluster centre. The spectroscopic observations were carried out using a multifibre spectrograph (WYFFOS) on the 4.2 m William Herschel Telecope on La Palma, over the same field as the optical imaging observations. Results. Our photometric data give optical and near-infrared isophotal magnitudes for 303 galaxies in our survey regions, down to stated diameter and B-band magnitude limits, determined within R24 isophotal diameters. Our spectroscopic data of 328 objects provide 84 galaxies with detections of emission and/or absorption lines. Combining these with published spectroscopic data gives 126 galaxies within our sample for which recession velocities are known. Of these, 72 galaxies are confirmed as cluster members of Abell 1367, 11 of which are identified in this study and 61 are reported in the literature. Hα equivalent widths and fluxes are presented for all cluster galaxies with detected line emission. Conclusions. Spectroscopic and photometric data are presented for galaxies in the nearby cluster Abell 1367, as the first stage of a study of their stellar population and star formation properties.