Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical study on paddlewheel-induced circulation in a rectangular pond based on FEPG

Based on FEPG, 2d water pond circulation induced by paddlewheels is simulated by finite element method. The principle of FEPG for CFD is analyzed. Circulations in the same pond induced by 3 different arrangements of the paddlewheels are simulated. Analysis result shows that: Numerical simulation Based on FEPG is an effective method for studying on circulation in the water pond, and circulations will changed at different arrangement of the paddlewheels even if under the same power.
Effectiveness of Laboratory Practices to Reducing Patient Misidentification Due to Specimen Labeling Errors at the Time of Specimen Collection in Healthcare Settings: LMBP™ Systematic Review.

Background Specimen labeling errors have long plagued the laboratory industry putting patients at risk of transfusion-related death, medication errors, misdiagnosis, and patient mismanagement. Many interventions have been implemented and deemed to be effective in reducing sample error rates. The objective of this review was to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of laboratory practices/ interventions to develop evidence based recommendations for the best laboratory practices to reduce labeling errors. Content The standardized LMBP™ A-6 methods were used to conduct this systematic review. Total evidence included 12 studies published during the time periods of 1980 to September 2015. Combined data from seven studies found that the interventions developed as a result of improved communication and collaboration between the laboratory and clinical staff resulted in substantial decrease in specimen labeling errors (Median relative percent change in labeling errors: -75.86; IQI: -84.77, -58.00). Further data from subset of four studies showed a significant decrease in specimen labeling errors after the institution of the standardized specimen labeling protocols (Median relative percent decrease in specimen labeling errors: -72.45; IQI: -83.25, -46.50). Summary Based on the evidence included in this review, the interventions that enhance the communication and collaboration between laboratory and healthcare professionals can decrease the specimen identification errors in healthcare settings. However, more research is needed to make the conclusion on the effectiveness of other evaluated practices in this review including training and education of the specimen collection staff, audit and feedback of labeling errors, and implementation of new technology (other than barcoding).
Happiness and related factors in pregnant women.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pregnancy is a crisis in the human life cycle as an important turning point in aspects of anatomical, physiological and psychosocial changes. An unhappy pregnanus could influence the fetal growth and development and sense of maternal competence as well as bonding with the fetus which profoundly affect the nurture of the infant after delivery. The authors'purposes were to study happiness and related factors in pregnant women having antenatal care at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD Four hundred and thirty-eight pregnant women from the antenatal clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital were randomly selected to complete a set of questionnaires that consisted of personal information, pregnant information, The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), The Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) and The Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS). Prevalence of happiness level was classified by descriptive analysis. Unpaired t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Product Moment Correlation analyzed related factors to happiness in pregnant woman. Also Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis was used to define predictive factors for happiness in pregnant women. RESULTS The sample had a high level of happiness of 57.3%. Significant related factors to happiness were age between 31-35 years, high education level, high individual and family income, having saving deposition, no drug abuse, improved marital relationship, no conflict with relatives, extrovert and stable personality types and no concerns about post-partum body image. Four predictive factors for happiness in pregnant women were extrovert personality, stable personality, high family income and improved marital relationship. CONCLUSION Level of happiness in pregnant women could be predicted by type of personality, family income and marital relationship.
Old habits die hard: The need for feminist rethinking in global food and agricultural policies

A number of global initiatives designed in recent years address global food security and aim to reduce the vulnerability of small-scale and peasant farmers in the face of expanded transnational investment in large-scale agriculture and land acquisition. While there have been efforts to consider women within such initiatives, global governance institutions often overlook the complex gendered dimensions of food systems alongside agricultural land and labour markets. Although institutions emphasize the need for “women’s empowerment”, few policy recommendations have considered its practical application. Indeed, many governance initiatives that address food security or promote land security tend to depoliticize inequalities, which shows the importance of feminist food studies from the perspective of global food and land policy. Integrating a feminist food studies lens to the global governance of food and agriculture allows us to explore the complexities of gendered relations in agricultural practices. A more complete understanding of everyday material, socio-cultural and corporeal experiences within agricultural practices provides a greater understanding of the mechanisms by which gender relations structure food production, land ownership, resource access and governance processes. By using a feminist food studies lens we see a more complete picture of the realities of local resource management and the potential implications for global policymakers such as the World Bank, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the United Nations Committee for World Food Security (CFS). Through this framework, I illustrate how feminist analyses CFS/RCÉA Collins Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 19–38 February 2018 20 challenge conventional approaches to gender in global policymaking related to food and agricultural production.
Larger and greener: Disentangling the industry effect on proactive environmental strategy in the Italian context

In the past decades, the impact of firms‟ activities on the natural environment has emerged as a rising challenge for businesses, so that recently academics began focusing on the development of proactive environmental strategies (PES), defined as systematic patterns of voluntary environmental policies and practices, going beyond regulatory requirements (Aragón-Correa et al., 2008). Prior research on PES identified firm size as one of the most relevant and universally accepted antecedents (Brammer & Pavelin, 2006; Baumann-Pauly, Wickert, Spence, & Scherer, 2013), but many studies have underlined Abstract
anagement of Giant Hemangioma of the Liver : esection versus Observation

BACKGROUND: Management of patients with giant hemangiomas of the liver encounters persistent controversy. Although recent case series suggest a low complication rate with nonoperative management, the classic paradigm of preventive operative resection remains. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 492 patients with giant hepatic hemangioma ( 4 cm in size) diagnosed between 1985 and 2005 at Mayo Clinic Rochester. Long-term outcomes were assessed by patient survey, with a follow-up of 11 6.4 years. RESULTS: Of 492 patients, 289 responded to the survey. In the nonoperative group (n 233), 20% had persistent or new onset of hemangioma-associated symptoms, including potentially lifethreatening complications in 2%. In the operative group (n 56), perioperative complications occurred in 14%, including potentially life-threatening complications in 7%. None of the operative patients had persistent or new onset of hemangioma-associated symptoms after resection of the dominant hemangioma. In group comparison, the rate of adverse events was similar (20% versus 14%; p 0.45) with an overall low risk for potentially life-threatening complications (2% versus 7%; p 0.07). Size of hemangiomas was not associated with adverse events in either group. Subjective health status and quality of life at follow-up were similar in both groups (p 0.54). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical observation of patients with giant hemangioma of the liver has a similar rate of complications compared with operative management, but might prevent the need for invasive interventions in some patients. Clinical observation is preferred in most patients and operative treatment should be reserved for patients with severe symptoms or disease-associated complications. ( J Am Coll Surg 2010;211:724–730. © 2010 by the American College of Surgeons)
Management Influences on Growth of Transplanted Magnolia Grandiflora

Container-grown Magnolia grandiflora were planted in spring and fall with or without hardwood mulch and a complete fertilizer. Fertilizer was placed either in the bottom of the planting hole, mixed with the backfill, or surface applied after planting. Growth measurements were made during 3 seasons. Height growth was not influenced by planting date but was reduced the first season as a result of mulching. After 22 months, however, mulched plants were significantly larger than controls. Fertilization at planting resulted in significant height increases at every evaluation, but fertilizer location was not a factor. Spring planting, mulching, and fertilization resulted in significant increases in stem diameter. Spring planting, mulching and soil incorporation of fertilizer resulted in significantly more branches per plant during the third season.
Higher Education Market Formation in Post-Transformation European Countries. Public and Non-Public Schools in the Higher Education Systems of Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania

The article discusses the problem of creating of a higher education market in post-communist countries in the period of transformation. On the examples of three countries: Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania, the implementation of multi-sectoral social policy paradigm, allowed to show that liberalization of the higher education system was a response to market demand and led to the creation of a model in which both public and private universities operate, and the sources of funding for higher education are also public and private. Due to the growing interest in higher education during the transformation period and the inability to satisfy educational aspirations by the public sector, the countries introduced a market element to higher education, allowing for the functioning of non-public schools. It brought positive effects related to the expansion of the educational offer, but also negative, such as lowering the quality of education.
Stereotype threat in classroom settings: the interactive effect of domain identification, task difficulty and stereotype threat on female students' maths performance.

BACKGROUND Stereotype threat research revealed that negative stereotypes can disrupt the performance of persons targeted by such stereotypes. This paper contributes to stereotype threat research by providing evidence that domain identification and the difficulty level of test items moderate stereotype threat effects on female students' maths performance. AIMS The study was designed to test theoretical ideas derived from stereotype threat theory and assumptions outlined in the Yerkes-Dodson law proposing a nonlinear relationship between arousal, task difficulty and performance. SAMPLE Participants were 108 high school students attending secondary schools. METHOD Participants worked on a test comprising maths problems of different difficulty levels. Half of the participants learned that the test had been shown to produce gender differences (stereotype threat). The other half learned that the test had been shown not to produce gender differences (no threat). The degree to which participants identify with the domain of maths was included as a quasi-experimental factor. RESULTS Maths-identified female students showed performance decrements under conditions of stereotype threat. Moreover, the stereotype threat manipulation had different effects on low and high domain identifiers' performance depending on test item difficulty. On difficult items, low identifiers showed higher performance under threat (vs. no threat) whereas the reverse was true in high identifiers. This interaction effect did not emerge on easy items. CONCLUSIONS Domain identification and test item difficulty are two important factors that need to be considered in the attempt to understand the impact of stereotype threat on performance.
Determinants of aflatoxin M1 in breast milk in a selected group of Egyptian mothers

In Egypt, there is a paucity of biomarker data on aflatoxin (AF) exposure. The study assessed the level and frequency of breast milk AFM1 as a biomarker of maternal exposure. Breast milk samples were collected from a selected group of 388 Egyptian lactating mothers of children attending the New El-Qalyub Hospital, Qalyubiyah governorate, Egypt, during May–September 2003. Following aflatoxin extraction, AFM1 levels were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. Approximately 36% of mothers tested positive for AFM1 (median 13.5 pg ml−1, interquartile range (IQR) 10.27–21.43). Non-working status (p = 0.018, odds ratio (OR) = 2.87), obesity (p = 0.004, OR = 3.01), high corn oil consumption (p = 0.002, OR = 2.21), number of children (>1) (p = 0.025, OR = 1.99), and early lactation stage (<1 month) (p = 0.028 OR = 3.57), contributed to the occurrence of AF in breast milk. AFM1 contamination of breast milk was frequent, albeit at moderate levels. Growth and development of the infant is rapid and thus it is possible that AF exposure through breast milk has a significant health effect.
Product Quality and International Price Dynamics

Two puzzling facts of international real business cycles are 1) weak or negative correlations between the terms of trade and output, and 2) a rise in relative consumption for countries where national goods become relatively more expensive. We show these puzzles either vanish or become much weaker in recent data. We propose a new mechanism that generates endogenous international price movements that are consistent with both the "old" and the "new" facts. In this mechanism, firms operating in a monopolistically competitive environment adjust price and quality of their products in response to technological shocks. This model is consistent with the old facts if price levels are not adjusted for quality. Instead, if quality adjustments to price level are introduced, the model's properties are in line with the new facts.
What factors are associated with the presence of mental health legislation? A cross-national study

The World Health Report 2001, dedicated to mental health, identified several important factors for improving mental health services (World Health Organization, 2001): the policy and legislative framework; community mental health services; provision of mental healthcare within primary care; human resources; public education; links with other sectors; and monitoring and research. Moreover, national mental health policies and national implementation programmes for these policies are vital for the improvement of mental health services (World Health Organization, 2004; Jacob et al, 2007).
Investment Decision in the Agency Theory Framework

This studies aims to observe the development of literature on companyinvestment decisions and to decide what research should be conducted further oncompany investment decisions in the theoretical framework of agency theory. Themethods used were bibliometric network analysis and literature review. This study hasmapped out the literature on company investment decisions based on agency theory.This study shows that the topics on competition research, corporate governance, andcapital structure are closely related to the company investment decisions in the theory ofagency, and it is worth investigating. Therefore, it is necessary to develop furtherempirical research related to company investment decisions in the framework related toagency theory by analyzing the influences of competition, corporate governance, andcapital structure comprehensively on invesment decision.
Etiologies of acute, persistent, and dysenteric diarrheas in adults in Bangui, Central African Republic, in relation to human immunodeficiency virus serostatus.

A study of the etiologies of diarrhea in adults in relation to their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus and number of CD4+ cells was carried out in the Central African Republic. In cases and controls, multi-parasitism was observed. Salmonella spp. were identified mainly during acute diarrhea, with 50% of the S. enteritidis isolated during the study being responsible for septicemia and/or urinary tract infection in immunodeficient patients. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC) were the most frequently identified agent in HIV+ patients with persistent diarrhea; 42.8% of the patients with EAggEC as sole pathogens had bloody diarrhea, and these strains were negative for the presence of a virulence plasmid. Coccidia were found in those with acute and persistent diarrhea. Blood was observed in 53.3% of infections involving coccidia as the sole pathogen. Microsporidium spp. and Blastocystis hominis were found only in HIV+ patients with persistent diarrhea. Shigella spp. , Campylobacter spp. , and Entamoeba histolytica were found in HIV+ and HIV- dysenteric patients; bacteria resembling spirochetes that could not be cultivated were identified only in HIV+ cases with dysentery. Shiga-like toxin-producing E. coli O157:H- was isolated from two cases with hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Fungi were identified as the sole pathogen in 6.4% of the HIV+ patients with persistent diarrhea. Most of enteropathogenic bacteria identified were resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, remained susceptible to ampicillin plus clavulanic acid, and were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin.
Corporate governance, tax evasion and business cycles

We develop an agency model of corporate tax evasion and auditing by a residual claimant government and embed it to a macroeconomic environment characterised by credit constraints. In our economy, tax auditing by the government reduces the information asymmetry between lenders and entrepreneurs with an investment opportunity. Corporate governance quality consequently affects macroeconomic variables; with changes in tax rates, auditing and quality of corporate governance having aggregate effects. We show that changes in the revenue system; tax and audit rates, can directly affect asset prices and inflate the effects of exogenous shocks to the economy.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Food Security Status of Female Headed Farm Households in Abia State, Nigeria

This study analysed factors influencing food security status of female headed farm households in Abia state, Nigeria. Multistage random sampling technique was employed in selecting 240 female headed farm households from whom data were collected using structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, food security indices and probit regression technique. Results of analysis showed that mean age of the female farm households heads was 47.56 years, while, mean farm size, household size, annual farm income and non-farm income of the female headed farm households were 0.71 hectares, 6 persons, 154,086 Naira and 92,034.08 Naira respectively. Food security line of the female headed farm households was N9206.81, with food insecurity incidence of 0.5863 and food insecurity gap of 0.4067. Results of probit regression showed that age, dependency ratio, level of education, extension access, farm income, household size, household asset endowment and membership of association were significant determinants of food security status of female headed farm households. Results also showed that 78.75% of the female headed farm households were constrained by inadequate access to credit. Relevant government agencies should mobilize female heads of farm households in Abia State and encourage them to join cooperative associations, so that they can derive benefits associated with being members of agricultural cooperatives such as increased access to credit, extension information and agricultural input, with which to improve farm productivity, farm income and food security.
The effects of electromagnetic field emitted by GSM phones on working memory

The influence of pulsed radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields of digital GSM mobile phones on working memory in healthy subjects were studied. Memory load was varied from 0 to 3 items in an n-back task. Each subject was tested twice within a single session, with and without the RF exposure (902 MHz, 217 Hz). The RF field speeded up response times when the memory load was three items but no effects of RF were observed with lower loads. The results suggest that RF fields have a measurable effect on human cognitive performance and encourage further studies on the interactions of RF fields with brain function.
Universal 20 and Taiwan Sign Language

Word order flexibility in sign languages has led some scholars to conclude that sign languages do not have any hierarchical structure. This paper shows that the word order patterns within Taiwan Sign Language nominals precisely follow Greenberg’s (1963:87) Universal 20. The manifestation of the universal in this sign language indicates that like oral languages, sign languages have hierarchical structures. Moreover, this paper also discusses the relation between syntactic hierarchy and linearization from the perspective of Taiwan Sign Language. The fact that the word order possibilities stated in Universal 20 are attested in a single language challenges the very notion of language parameter.
Effect of salt grain additions on fibrous peat consolidation

Peat has been considered a problematic geotechnical material, with extremely high water content, low shear strength and high compressibility. Although initially high, fibrous peat undergoes dramatic reductions in permeability under compression, with secondary compression (creep) accounting for a large proportion of the settlement under loading. The key to accelerating the whole consolidation process for fibrous/hemic peats is to create a means of accelerating water flow from micropores (within the cellular structure) or humus contained in the peat. This paper presents the results of preliminary laboratory trials performed using the hydraulic consolidation (Rowe) cell apparatus to investigate a novel approach involving the addition of salt grains to fibrous peat towards accelerating its rate of primary consolidation and reducing its creep rate. Under similar loading conditions, salt-treated specimens were found to have reduced rate and magnitude of creep settlement, explained by larger volumes of micropore.