Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Passive tracer reconstruction as a least-squares problem with a semi-Lagrangian constraint: An application to fish eggs and larvae

A variational, data assimilation, algorithm was developed for reconstruction of a two-dimensional, nonstationary, passive tracer field in the ocean with open boundaries and a known velocity field. The observations, spatial smoothing terms and passive tracer conservation equation were included as weak constraints. The algorithm was tested with simulated, nonstationary, pseudo-oceanographic data integrated for a 7-day period. Simulations were run to determine the robustness of the algorithm and the effect of theoretical, simulated ‘sampling events,’ mimicking the standard oceanographic survey. We explored the sensitivity of the reconstructed tracer fields to the distribution of the pseudo-oceanographic sampling strategy, essentially an antenna problem, and to errors in the velocity field and the observations. The algorithm was applied to observations of silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis) eggs and larvae obtained in August 1998 on the Scotian Shelf. Finally, the evolution of fish eggs and larvae concentration was found. The corresponding mortality rate of fish eggs and larvae was determined to be 0.28 day 1 , with errors of 0.03 day 1 . The approach, which is quite general and could be applied to many different problems requiring minimization subject to constraints, allows for error analysis of the results. The volume and variety of data collected in the ocean has substantially increased during the last decade. Besides traditional measurements of temperature and salinity, new observational and sampling techniques have enabled the collection of large quantities of biological and hydrochemical data that can be treated as passive tracers as they are not strongly coupled with the ocean circulation. The collection of these new data raises the problem of how to transfer these data, usually sampled on irregular grids, onto a regular grid, necessary for numerical analysis. One of the key interpretive questions is how to relate the observed pattern of the scalar or tracer fields to the circulation field which may be determined from different observations or derived from a numerical model. Some of these
Determinants of Stock Market Co-Movements between Pakistan and Asian Emerging Economies

This study analyzes the determinants of stock market co-movement between Pakistan and Asian emerging economies for the period 2001 to 2015. Augmented Dickey and Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) tests are applied to check co-integration between their stock markets. Results of this study reveal that there is long-term integration between the stock market of Pakistan and the stock markets of China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia and Thailand. This study reports the driving forces of the co-movement between the Pakistan and Asian emerging markets where co-integration is found. Results of the panel data reveal that there are significant underlying forces of integration between Pakistan and each Asian emerging stock market. The findings of this study have significant implications for policy makers in Pakistan who are designing strategies for macroeconomic harmonization and stability of the country’s economy against financial shocks.
An alternative means of spectroscopic imaging for superficial wound healing process monitoring

To date, oximetry is considered as an ideal approach to monitor one's microcirculation. Quantitative information of wound tissue oxygenation is beneficial for proper wound care in response to different treatment. The conventional method of oximetry using a fingertip pulse oximeter is limited to certain body parts and required contact, hence, is deemed unsuitable for wound assessment. This research describes a non-invasive and non-contact multispectral spectroscopy approach for optical monitoring of changes in oxyhemoglobin saturation level during wound healing process. Non-contact reflectance data captured from the wounded skin site using a monochromatic imaging system in the wavelength range of 520−600 nm are mathematically analyzed and fitted using Extended Modified Lambert Beer model to give the best estimation of percent transcutaneous oxygen saturation, StO2. Experimental works conducted on ten Asian subjects with different wound sites revealed progressive changes in StO2 level throughout the healing process. The results revealed a significant increase in StO2 that reaches its peak in between fourth and sixth day of wound healing. Quantitative analysis of wound oxygenation level using line profiler based on StO2 mapping shows high StO2 values of greater than 90% in wounded skin sites while StO2 in the range of 30−50% is observed along the adjacent unwounded skin region. The results from this study show feasibility of using this technique to provide visual progression of wound via tissue oxygenation status, suggesting the prospective implementation of this system in hospitals as an alternative means to assess wound healing.
Relation between the composition and properties of carbon ionic liquid electrodes (CILEs)

Several types of carbon pastes were prepared, examined and characterized. Particular attention has been paid to the changes of the ohmic resistance, relative to the dependence on the composition of carbon ionic liquid electrodes (CILEs) and the proportions of the respective constituents used. The results were compared with those of "classic" carbon paste electrode (CPE) based on graphite powder and the differences in physical as well as electrochemical properties were discussed and explained. As found, the most evident difference was in the optimal carbon-to-binder ratio of the paste. Finally, some problems connected with homogeneity and stability of carbon paste mixtures are also discussed.
Creative Dance as a Means of Growth and Development of Fundamental Motor Skills for Children in First Grades of Primary Schools in Greece

Creative dance is currently an exceptional contemporary pedagogical and teaching approach which assists and supports significantly the harmonious kinetic development of individuals. Moreover, it is an amusing educational tool that contributes to the establishment of fundamental motor skills in fostering coordination, cooperation and team co-responsibility, psychomotor development and in the creation of a pleasant teaching environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an interventional program for the development of movement education, having as a central axis creative dance for children in 1 st and 2 nd grade of primary school. Thus, it focuses on developing and improving fundamental motor skills and related concepts of creative movement as far as it concerns space, time, flow, dynamics and relationships. Eighty students (Ν=80) of two primary schools in Thessaloniki, seven to nine years old, followed this interventional program for eight weeks that included creative dance activities and traditional dances. For data collection and evaluation of motor skills of students, Ulrich 2000 test was employed. The results confirm the crucial role of the intervention program for the development of kinetic education - centered on the creative dance-in the development and improvement of fundamental motor transferable skills to young students.
In Vitro Propagation of Zingiber officinale Rosc. 'Tambunan'

Rhizome buds of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. ‘Tambunan’) were sterilized and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of NAA and BAP hormones (1-3 mg/L) to induce shoot multiplication and rooting formation. Shoot formation was first observed on treatment of 3.0 mg/L BAP + 1.0 mg/L NAA after 7 days of culture. This treatment also promote the highest number of proliferated shoots, 6.14 ± 0.91 shootlets per explant, with an average shoot length of 1.69 ± 0.17 cm observed after 10 weeks of culture. Rooting of ginger plantlets were significantly initiated on medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L NAA. This treatment induced up to 34.40 ± 1.81 roots per explant with an average length of 4.52 ± 0.20 cm after 10 weeks of culture. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized in pot containing medium mixture of sand and clay (1:4) with 64% of survivality after transplanted for 3 weeks.
Epidemiologic profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

ABSTRACT Introduction: Oral cancer is a major health problem in the world, indicated by a high incidence of recurrence. In Southeast Asia, oral cancer ranks sixth from all cancers on the human body. The incidence of oral cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma types, increases every year, but the prognosis and patients life expectancy are still unsatisfying enough and the reports about the profile of oral cancer is still limited.The objective of this research was to get the epidemiological profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: The research method was observational analytic with cross-sectional design. All new OSCC cases in three anatomic pathology laboratory installations in Yogyakarta (January 2011-December 2015) were included in this study. Data collected were gender, age, anatomical location, and histology. All data were analyzed using statistical analysis program. Results: OSCC new cases amount increasing each year: 6 cases (6.6%) in 2011, and increased to 24 cases (26.4%) in 2015. Fifty-two of the 91 cases (57.1%) were found on male. The age group with the most cases was found in group of 41-60 years (49.5%). There is no difference in the case distribution by age between male and female. Forty-eight cases were found in the lingual part (52.7%). Histological examination showed 68 cases (74.7%) were well-differentiated carcinoma. Conclusion: OSCC profile in Yogyakarta mostly found in men with anatomical location in the lingual part in the age group above 40 years of age and were having well-differentiated histology. Keywords: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), Epidemiologic profile, Yogyakarta
INTERFERENCE EFFECTS IN ACOUSTIC-PHONON RAMAN SCATTERING FROM GAAS/ALAS MIRROR-PLANE SUPERLATTICES

Raman scattering of longitudinal-acoustic phonons has been studied in finite-size mirror-plane superlattices (MPSL's) with building blocks SL=(GaAs${)}_{13}$/(AlAs${)}_{18}$ and LS=(AlAs${)}_{18}$/(GaAs${)}_{13}$, arranged to form layer sequences (SL${)}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{/}2}$/(LS${)}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{/}2}$ with different numbers of building blocks m. In contrast to periodic structures (SL${)}_{\mathrm{m}}$, the folded LA-phonon doublets in MPSL's experience pronounced splittings, while satellites appear around the main lines. These effects are due to the interference of the scattering contributions from the different quantum wells in the sample, and reflect a phase shift introduced by the mirror-plane symmetry. This phase shift can be tuned by GaAs buffers of different widths in structures of the type (SL${)}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{/}2}$/ (GaAs${)}_{\mathrm{n}}$/(LS${)}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{/}2}$.
The Predictive Value of Non-Invasive Blood Ammonia Level for the Presence of Oesophageal Varices in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

Background: portal hypertension leads to the formation of portosystemic collateral veins in liver cirrhosis. Rupture of esophageal varices is common and can be fatal. Gastroesophageal varices are present in 50% of patients with cirrhosis. Their presence correlates with the severity of liver disease. Objective: the aim of this work was to investigate the diagnostic utility of blood ammonia level as a noninvasive predictor for presence of oesophageal varices and correlate it with variceal size in patients with liver cirrhosis. Patients and Methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Al-Hussein University Hospital. A total of 70 consecutive patients and 20 normal healthy volunteer were included in the study. Results: There was a highly significant increase in the mean values of ammonia levels, spleen and portal vein diameters in cirrhotic patients with OV in comparison to patients without OV. There was a highly significant decrease in the mean values of haemoglobin in patients with OV in comparison to other patients without OV For detection of OV. There was a highly significant increase in the mean values of serum ammonia in patients with OV in comparison to other patients without OV. Conclusion: the blood ammonia level may be clinically useful as it correlates with and is an independent predictor for both endoscopic risk signs and risk factors of bleeding, and therefore, it could be used in cirrhotic patients to decrease the number of screening endoscopies they are subjected to.
Assessment of Carbon Stock of Physic Nut (Jatropha Curcas L.) in Different Land Use Systems in Bati Woreda, Ethiopia

A study was conducted to determine the potential of physic nut in sequestering carbon in plantations established to rehabilitate degraded forest lands and in live fences. Systematic and purposive sampling method was used to collect the biophysical data of Physic nut in plantations and live fences. Diameter at breast height and height of Physic nut trees were measured for above ground biomass estimation. Litter and soil samples were collected from plost using a sub-plot of 1 × 1 meter quadrates. Above ground carbon stock of physic nut in plantations and live fences were 5.41 and 137.36 tons per hectare, respectively. Below ground carbon stock estimation of Physic nut in plantations and live fences 1.53 and 41.21 t c ha respectively. Soil organic carbon stock of Physic nut in plantations and live fences 49.8 and 65.94 t c ha was not statistically significant. No significant difference was found in the carbon stock of litter in plantations (0.93 tons per hectare) and live fences (0.93 tons per hectare).
Alterations In Ocular Surface System During The Pathogenesis Of Herpes Stromal Keratitis

Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is a chronic immuno-inflammatory ocular disease caused by Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection in the cornea. HSK is characterized by the development of corneal opacity and angiogenesis accompanied by the loss of corneal transparency. Despite extensive studies on inhibiting corneal angiogenesis and strategies to reduce HSK disease development, a key underlying mechanism to maintain an intact and a transparent corneal surface during HSK disease progression, remain obscure. Our study has addressed possible causes for the HSK disease severity by identifying the key factors such as the development of inflammatory hypoxia, reduced tear volume, Inflammation of extra-orbital lacrimal gland and the conjunctiva and the transdifferentiation of the corneal epithelium in the HSK developing eyes. Intriguingly, our study also emphasizes the protective role of IGFBP-3 in inhibiting the severe disease progression of HSK. During the pre-clinical and the clinical disease phase of HSK, the influx of neutrophils have been studied as the most prominent innate immune cell type. Development of corneal hem- and lymph-angiogenesis, opacity and epithelial defects hinders the clear vision and is known to be the cause of the increased neutrophil influx in HSV-1 infected cornea. Previous studies have indicated that the influx of neutrophils into mucosal tissue can re-model the development of inflammatory hypoxia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the development of hypoxia and hypoxia-associated gene expression during the progression of HSK disease. Our results showed an increased influx of neutrophils during the clinical disease of HSK that leads to the development of hypoxia, and the upregulation of hypoxia-associated genes. This study provided us novel insights on the prevalence of the glycolytic metabolism in the HSK developing eyes. Additionally, our data demonstrated that the blocking of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) with Acriflavine alone might not be an efficacious drug in reducing HSK disease severity. Overall, these results pave way for using novel therapeutic targets that play a dual role to block HIF and control corneal inflammation during HSK. Maintaining a healthy corneal epithelium, retaining a steady tear volume and its secretion could be the other factors that may aid in alleviating HSK disease severity. Mounting evidence corroborates corneal nerves as a critical factor in the maintenance of corneal integrity and homeostasis of the ocular surface by mediating the reflex actions of blinking and tearing. In support, in a mouse model during HSV-1 ocular infection, corneal nerve damage has been demonstrated. Hence, corneal transparency and clear vision are critically dependent upon the integrity of corneal tissue maintained by the intricate network of corneal nerves, the presence of intact corneal epithelium and tear film that is controlled by a cross-talk between the components of the lacrimal functional unit. Our study showed a reduced…
On the Evaluation of Singular Invariants for Canonical Generators of Certain Genus One Arithmetic Groups

ABSTRACT Let N be a positive square-free integer such that the discrete group Γ0(N)+ has genus one. In a previous article, we constructed canonical generators xN and yN of the holomorphic function field associated with Γ0(N)+ as well as an algebraic equation PN(xN, yN) = 0 with integer coefficients satisfied by these generators. In the present paper, we study the singular moduli problem corresponding to xN and yN, by which we mean the arithmetic nature of the numbers xN(τ) and yN(τ) for any CM point τ in the upper half plane . If τ is any CM point which is not equivalent to an elliptic point of Γ0(N)+, we prove that the complex numbers xN(τ) and yN(τ) are algebraic integers. Going further, we characterize the algebraic nature of xN(τ) as the generator of a certain ring class field of of prescribed order and discriminant depending on properties of τ and level N. The theoretical considerations are supplemented by computational examples. As a result, several explicit evaluations are given for various N and τ, and further arithmetic consequences of our analysis are presented. In one example, we explicitly construct a set of minimal polynomials for the Hilbert class field of whose coefficients are less than 2.2 × 104, whereas the minimal polynomial obtained from the Hauptmodul of have coefficients as large as 6.6 × 1073.
Assessment of biodegradability of PVC containing cellulose by white rot fungus

Aims: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the most widely used and environmentally damaging plastic. Processing, production and disposal of PVC cause release of toxic chlorine based compounds into environment. The objective of the present study was to assess the biodegradability of cellulose blended PVC by white rot fungi i.e. Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Methodology and results: Biodegradability of the strain for the polymer was tested on plate assay, sturm test, soil burial and shake flask experiments. The biodegradability of the polymer was determined by visual changes, plate assay and carbon dioxide production. Morphological changes in the polymer such as pits, extensive spotting, clear surface erosion, fungal attachment, roughening and deterioration of some parts were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Chemical changes like appearance and shortening of peaks using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy also confirmed the biodegradability of the polymer. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The present study confirmed that mixing of small amount of cellulose increases the hydrophilicity of the polymer and lead to its microbial degradation and Phanerochaete chrysosporium has great potential for the treatment of solid waste containing plastics.
Successful fertility preservation by oocyte vitrification in a cancer patient: a case report

Introduction: an essential part of comprehensive care for increasing number of young female survivors of malignant diseases is the preservation of fertility. Recent improvement in cryopreservation of metaphase II oocytes may offer a solution with minimum invasiveness and without the risk of transfer of malignant cells. Materials and Methods: after the third recurrence of a bilateral borderline serous papillary ovarian carcinoma, a 23-year-old female patient was enrolled for fertility preservation before bilateral surgical cystectomy. After a mini flare-up stimulation protocol and hCG triggering 6 metaphase II oocytes were recovered and vitrified. Three years later secondary premature ovarian failure was diagnosed. After four years of storage the oocytes were warmed for in vitro fertilisation. Results: four oocytes survived cryopreservation, and 2 of them fertilised after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. One embryo developed to 8-cell stage and was transferred to the uterus, resulting in a healthy boy weighing 4,110 g at week 41. A paediatric follow up of three years was performed. Conclusions: this study reports the birth after oocyte vitriifcation in a patient with malignant disease. The increasing number of success proves the feasibility of oocyte vitrification to preserve fertility before cancer therapy with risk of subsequent ovarian failure and/or chromosome damage.
Demonstration of Separation Delay With Glow-Discharge Plasma Actuators

The NASA STI Program Office . in ProfileSince its founding, NASA has been dedicated tothe advancement of aeronautics and spacescience. The NASA Scientific and TechnicalInformation (STI) Program Office plays a key partin helping NASA maintain this important role.The NASA STI Program Office is operated byLangley Research Center, the Lead Center forNASA’s scientific and technical information. TheNASA STI Program Office provides access to theNASA STI Database, the largest collection ofaeronautical and space science STI in the world.The Program Office is also NASA’s institutionalmechanism for disseminating the results of itsresearch and development activities. These resultsare published by NASA in the NASA STI ReportSeries, which includes the following report types:• TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports ofcompleted research or a major significantphase of research that present the results ofNASA programs and include extensive dataor theoretical analysis. Includes compilationsof significant scientific and technical data andinformation deemed to be of continuingreference value. NASA’s counterpart of peer-reviewed formal professional papers buthas less stringent limitations on manuscriptlength and extent of graphic presentations. • TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientificand technical findings that are preliminary orof specialized interest, e.g., quick releasereports, working papers, and bibliographiesthat contain minimal annotation. Does notcontain extensive analysis. • CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific andtechnical findings by NASA-sponsoredcontractors and grantees. • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collectedpapers from scientific and technicalconferences, symposia, seminars, or othermeetings sponsored or cosponsored byNASA. • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific,technical, or historical information fromNASA programs, projects, and missions,often concerned with subjects havingsubstantial public interest. • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English-language translations of foreign scientificand technical material pertinent to NASA’smission.Specialized services that complement the STIProgram Office’s diverse offerings includecreating custom thesauri, building customizeddatabases, organizing and publishing researchresults . even providing videos.For more information about the NASA STIProgram Office, see the following:• Access the NASA STI Program Home Pageat