Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TR-CS-03-28 Collaborative Joins in a Pervasive Computing Environment

Locating and obtaining context sensitive information in a mobile environment has always been a challenge. This is especially true for pervasive computing environments where in addition to limited computing and battery resources, mobile devices cannot always rely on the help of a proxy-based wired infrastructure. Rather, a collaboration among peer mobile entities is required. It allows entities to obtain data that may be otherwise inaccessible due to nature of the environment and to reduce their computation cost by reusing answers generated by other peers. We introduce the problem of data interaction among peers in ad-hoc networks and propose a collaboration query processing protocol based on the principles of Contract Nets. Once an entity identifies information it needs via the help of user’s profiles, our protocol enables the device to locate data sources and obtain data matching its specific query requiring one or more data sources. We show the effectiveness of our technique through performance evaluation of entities querying for data while moving in a city-like environment.
Cambios en las percepciones de riesgo frente al SIDA de los estudiantes universitarios durante la última década

Se revisan diversos trabajos realizados por las autoras desde 1993 sobre la percepcion de riesgo frente al sida y su capacidad predictiva respecto a las conductas sexuales preventivas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que: (1) la percepcion de riesgo personal esta sesgada de forma optimista y no predice ni la preocupacion ni el interes por la prevencion, y (2) los jovenes universitarios no suelen detectar el elevado riesgo que supone la llamada monogamia serial (monogamia con parejas afectivas sucesivas), y se muestran favorables a mantener relaciones sexuales sin preservativo en esas circunstancias en mayor medida que con una pareja ocasional. Asimismo, estudios mas recientes de las autoras ponen de manifiesto un incremento en el numero de jovenes que estarian dispuestos a mantener relaciones sexuales sin preservativo con una pareja a la que se acaba de conocer, y una disminucion en los porcentajes de los que piensan en el sida al informar sobre su intencion de conducta en dicha situacion.
Methicillin resistance gene diversity in staphylococci isolated from captive and free-ranging wallabies

Background Infection with methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) can be life-threatening in humans and its presence in animals is a cause for public health concern. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of MRS in captive and free-ranging wallabies over a 16-month period in South Australia, Australia. Materials and methods Eighty-nine purified staphylococcal isolates recovered from 98 captive and free-ranging wallabies' anterior nasal swabs were used in this study. All isolates were tested for the presence of the mecA, mecA1, and mecC genes. Multiplex PCR-directed SCCmec-typing, ccrB-typing, and determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of oxacillin were performed on mec-positive isolates. Results and discussion In total, 11 non-Staphylococcus aureus MRS were isolated from 7 out of 98 animals, corresponding to a 7.1% carriage rate. The SCCmec types I, III, and V were identified by multiplex PCR and sequencing of the ccrB gene. This is the first report of MRS carriage in both captive and free-ranging wallabies in Australia. These data demonstrate a low prevalence of MRS and no association between wallaby captivity status and MRS carriage could be assigned. These animals may act as a reservoir for the exchange of genetic elements between staphylococci. Furthermore, the mecA genes of animal isolates were identical to that found in human MRS strains and thus the possibility of zoonotic transfer must be considered.
Image Fusion and Recognition based on Compressed Sensing Theory

Abstract As the compressed sensing theory can offer a better performance than Nyquist sampling theorem when dealing with large amounts of data, it becomes very popular for image fusion and target recognition in image processing. In this paper, a new image fusion algorithm based on compressed sensing was proposed. By discrete cosine transform, it fused images through weighted coefficient, recovered the fusion images by basic pursuit algorithm. Moreover, a recognition algorithm in compressed sensing was also studied, which obtained a sample matrix using preprocessing based on a wavelet transform, calculated the approximate coefficient by orthogonal matching pursuit, and made a classification using the with minimum distance formula. Finally, experiments were designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Factors affecting information and education, and behaviour change.

This article reviews papers presented at the 7th International Conference on AIDS in Florence which reflected the theme of the relationship between knowledge and behavior change. Many of the cases presented were descriptive and lacked rigorous hypothesis testing, but were in the direction of smaller scale hypothesis testing. Abstracts MD4041, 4069, and 4045 reported a lack of a relationship between good knowledge and behavior change among South African university students, English STD clinic attenders, and California family planning (FP) clinic clients. Neither perception nor lack thereof of risk related to behavior change. Abstracts MD4049 and 4053 identified factors which may be related to translating risk perception to behavior change: presence of a permanent relationship among gay men, and self affirmation among gay men. Among injecting drug users, other risk factors were low socioeconomic status (MD 4035), lack of self efficacy among men (MD4031) and women (MD4077), machismo (MDMD4007), nitrites, cannabis, and alcohol (MD4071), and education level MD4085). Social skills and self efficacy were repeatedly the more important intervening variables. Education and skill building intervention (MD4135) were related to increased skills in prevention of risky sexual and drug behavior among California high school students. Counseling interventions were difficult to assess in terms of behavior impact (MD 4281, 4026, 4203). Associations rather than causal links were found in many studies (WD1,4,4130). In 1 study the stage of readiness to stop high risk behavior was a critical component of self efficacy. Some studies found behavior changes over time that were inconsistent or incomplete but were unable to explain why. MD4039 found that the number of salient messages was related to prevention behaviors. WD4275 found the AIDS education has short term effects only on attitudes and knowledge. WD4102 found no correlation between knowledge or attitudes prediscussion, post, or 3 months later. WD4111 found no relation after safe sex workshop stressing condom use. WD4123 compared multiple and intensive interventions and found reduction in risky sexual behavior. Risk reduction with seropositive HIV clients was effective in short term sexual behavior changes (WD4050). Health workers needed retraining and supervision (WD4031).
Cardiac Arrest During Neuraxial Anesthesia: Frequency and Predisposing Factors Associated with Survival

The frequency and predisposing factors associated with cardiac arrest during neuraxial anesthesia remain undefined, and the survival outcome data are contradictory. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the frequency of cardiac arrest, as well as the association of preexisting medical conditions and periarrest events with survival after cardiac arrest during neuraxial anesthesia between 1983 and 2002. To assess whether survival after cardiac arrest differs for patients who arrest during neuraxial versus general anesthesia, data were also obtained for patients who experienced cardiac arrest under general anesthesia during similar surgical procedures during the same time interval. Over the 20-yr study period at the Mayo Clinic, there were 26 cardiac arrests during neuraxial blockade and 29 during general anesthesia. The overall frequency of cardiac arrest during neuraxial anesthesia for 1988 to 2002 was 1.8 per 10,000 patients, with more arrests in patients receiving spinal versus epidural anesthesia (2.9 versus 0.9 per 10,000; P = 0.041). In 14 (54%) of the 26 patients who arrested during a neuraxial technique, the anesthetic contributed directly to the arrest (high sympathectomy or respiratory depression after sedative administration), whereas in 12 (46%) patients, the arrest was associated with a specific surgical event (cementing of joint components, spermatic cord manipulation, reaming of the femur, and rupture of amniotic membranes). Patients who arrested during general anesthesia had a higher ASA classification than those who arrested during a neuraxial block (P = 0.031). Hospital survival was significantly improved for patients who arrested during neuraxial anesthesia versus general anesthesia (65% vs 31%; P = 0.013). The association of improved survival with neuraxial anesthesia remained statistically significant after adjusting for all patient/procedural characteristics, with the exception of ASA classification and emergency procedures. We conclude that a cardiac arrest during neuraxial anesthesia is associated with an equal or better likelihood of survival than a cardiac arrest during general anesthesia.
Serveur Académique Lausannois SERVAL serval.unil.ch

Notch receptors are important mediators of cell fate during embryogenesis, but their role in adult physiology, particularly in postnatal angiogenesis, remains unknown. Of the Notch receptors, only Notch1 and Notch4 are expressed in vascular endothelial cells. Here we show that blood flow recovery and postnatal neovascularization in response to hindlimb ischemia in haploinsufficient global or endothelial-specific Notch1 +/- mice, but not Notch4 -/- mice, were impaired compared with wild-type mice. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in response to ischemia was comparable between wild-type and Notch mutant mice, suggesting that Notch1 is downstream of VEGF signaling. Treatment of endothelial cells with VEGF increases presenilin proteolytic processing, γ -secretase activity, Notch1 cleavage, and Hes-1 (hairy enhancer of split homolog-1) expression, all of which were blocked by treating endothelial cells with inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase Akt or infecting endothelial cells with a dominantnegative Akt mutant. Indeed, inhibition of γ -secretase activity leads to decreased angiogenesis and inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Overexpression of the active Notch1 intercellular domain rescued the inhibitory effects of γ -secretase inhibitors on VEGF-induced angiogenesis. These findings indicate that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway mediates γ -secretase and Notch1 activation by VEGF and that Notch1 is critical for VEGF-induced postnatal angiogenesis. These results suggest that Notch1 may be a novel therapeutic target for improving angiogenic response and blood flow recovery in ischemic limbs. n=8 for each at 28 days). These findings indicate that Notch1, but not Notch4, is critical for the post-ischemic angiogenic response. These results indicate that Notch1 mediates VEGF-induced angiogenesis.
Most Fare Well—But Some Do Not: Distinct Profiles of Mood Variability Development and Their Association With Adjustment During Adolescence

One particular developmental task during adolescence is to regulate fluctuating moods to successfully transition through this period. The aim of this person-centered study was to identify distinct developmental trajectories of adolescent mood variability and to compare adolescents in different trajectories on changes in depressive symptoms, delinquency, and alcohol consumption in early to middle (ages 13–16) and middle to late adolescence (ages 16–20). Dutch adolescents (n = 482, 57.1% male) rated their daily emotions three weeks per year for five years using Internet daily diaries (ages 13–18). Day-to-day mood changes were calculated as an indicator of mood variability. Adolescents provided annual reports on depressive symptoms, delinquent acts, and alcohol consumption (ages 13–20). Results showed that most adolescents (88%) followed a trajectory characterized by decreases in mood variability (i.e., more stable moods). However, a minority (12%) followed a trajectory of increases in mood variability with a peak during middle adolescence. Adolescents with an increasing mood variability trajectory showed stable depressive and delinquency symptoms in early to middle adolescence compared with adolescents with a decreasing mood variability trajectory, who showed a decline in these symptoms. At age 16, there was a significant difference between the groups in depressive and delinquency symptoms, which stayed stable toward late adolescence. Although the two groups did not differ concerning alcohol consumption in early to middle adolescence, adolescents from the increasing mood variability class experienced less steep increases in alcohol use from middle to late adolescence compared with adolescents from the decreasing mood variability class.
Restoring Integral Images from Focal Stacks Using Compressed Sensing Techniques

This paper contains an original development of the compressed sensing technique for restoring integral images from a number of observed 2D images. The proposed data acquisition uses a conventional camera equipped with a horizontal 1D mask placed in the pupil plane of the lens. The compressed sensing style algorithm developed is based on a sparsity hypothesis imposed on 2D cross sections of the light field.
Breast-feeding frequency during the first 24 hours after birth in full-term neonates.

The relation between the frequency of breast-feeding and intake, weight loss, meconium passage, and bilirubin levels was studied in 140 healthy, full-term, breast-fed, Japanese neonates born vaginally without complications. Factors affecting the frequency of breast-feeding were also evaluated. Mothers nursed their neonates, on average, 4.3 +/- 2.5 (SD) times (range 0 to 11) during the first 24 hours after birth, and this frequency increased significantly to 7.4 +/- 3.9 times during the next 24 hours (P less than .001). There was a significant correlation between the frequency of breast-feeding during the first and second 24 hours after birth (r = .69, P less than .001). The frequency of breast-feeding during the first 24 hours correlated significantly with frequency of meconium passage (r = .37, P less than .01), maximum weight loss (r = -.22, P less than .05), breast milk intake on day 3 (r = .50, P less than .01) and day 5 (r = .34, P less than .05), transcutaneous bilirubin readings on day 6 (r = -.18, P less than .05), and weight loss from birth to time of discharge (day 7) (r = -.32, P less than .01). There was a strong dose-response relationship between feeding frequency and a decreased incidence of significant hyperbilirubinemia (transcutaneous bilirubin readings greater than or equal to 23.5) on day 6. The time of birth also affected the frequency of breast-feeding during the first 24 hours. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evaluate the Malignancy of Pulmonary Nodules Using the 3-D Deep Leaky Noisy-OR Network

Automatic diagnosing lung cancer from computed tomography scans involves two steps: detect all suspicious lesions (pulmonary nodules) and evaluate the whole-lung/pulmonary malignancy. Currently, there are many studies about the first step, but few about the second step. Since the existence of nodule does not definitely indicate cancer, and the morphology of nodule has a complicated relationship with cancer, the diagnosis of lung cancer demands careful investigations on every suspicious nodule and integration of information of all nodules. We propose a 3-D deep neural network to solve this problem. The model consists of two modules. The first one is a 3-D region proposal network for nodule detection, which outputs all suspicious nodules for a subject. The second one selects the top five nodules based on the detection confidence, evaluates their cancer probabilities, and combines them with a leaky noisy-OR gate to obtain the probability of lung cancer for the subject. The two modules share the same backbone network, a modified U-net. The overfitting caused by the shortage of the training data is alleviated by training the two modules alternately. The proposed model won the first place in the Data Science Bowl 2017 competition.
Through Silicon Vias Technology for CMOS Image Sensors Packaging: Presentation of Technology and Electrical Results

In this paper a low temperature 'via-last' technology will be presented. This technology has been especially developed for CMOS image sensors wafer level packaging. In the first part of this paper, the design of the TSV will be presented and a first approach of a design rule definition for TSV will be introduced. The alignment strategy will be also presented, and specific patterns to succeed front side to back side alignment will be described. In a second part the steps of the Through Silicon Vias (TSV) technology will be briefly presented: glass wafer carrier bonding onto the silicon substrate, silicon thinning and backside technology including specific steps like double side lithography, silicon deep etching, silicon side wall insulation, vias metallization and final bumping. Then, morphological characterizations of the via-last technology will be presented and discussed. Finally, electrical characterization including vias continuity, single via electrical resistance, insulation layer leakage current and breakdown voltage have been measured and will be discussed. A picture obtained with the TSV CMOS Image Sensor (TSV CIS) will be also shown.
Diskriminative Fürsorglichkeit von Tanten und Onkeln

Zusammenfassung: 398 Studierende beurteilten, wie sehr die jeweiligen Tanten und Onkel um das Wohlergehen der befragten Person besorgt sind, und ob ihnen mehr Fursorglichkeit vom matrilateralen oder patrilateralen Verwandten zuteil wird. Der durch Vaterschaftsunsicherheit erwartete Lateralitatseffekt (grosere Investition in Nachkommen der Schwester als in die des Bruders) war statistisch signifikant, aber kleiner als der Geschlechtereffekt (Tanten kummern sich mehr als Onkel). Die ANCOVA der Fursorgeratings, korrigiert um Alter und Wohnortnahe des Verwandten, zeigten zusatzlich eine signifikante Interaktion (matrilateraler Bias groser bei Tanten als bei Onkeln). Weiterhin wurden die Teilnehmer gefragt, mit welchen Namen sie ihre verschiedenen Groseltern, Tanten und Onkel ansprechen. Verwandtenspezifische diskriminative Fursorge spiegelte sich in der Vielfalt individueller Anredeformen fur die vier Groseltern wider, nicht aber in den Anredeformen fur Onkel und Tanten. Die Ergebnisse werden im Zusammenhang .
Itinéraires de passage à l'âge adulte. Différences de sexe, différences de classe

Résumé La prolongation de la scolarité et la régression de l’inactivité professionnelle des jeunes filles, l’essor de nouvelles formes de conjugalité constituent autant d’indices d’une transformation des positions sociales féminines dans le monde du travail comme dans le domaine privé. Ceci s’est-il traduit par une uniformisation des itinéraires de passage de la jeunesse à l’âge adulte des filles et des garçons? Comment jouent sur les itinéraires des unes et des autres l’origine sociale et le niveau de diplôme? Une approche longitudinale des itinéraires, appuyée sur l’exploitation secondaire de quatre mille questionnaires biographiques recueillis dans le cadre de l’enquête de l’INSEE «Étude des conditions de vie 1986-87», apporte quelques éléments de réponse. L’agencement temporel dans le parcours biographique des événements ponctuant le passage à l’âge adulte fin de la scolarité, premier emploi, départ de chez les parents, vie en couple, naissance d’un enfant permet de mettre au jour les différenciations selon le sexe, comme celles qui traversent le groupe des hommes et celui des femmes.
Effect of portasystemic venous shunt surgery on hyperglucagonaemia in cirrhosis: paired studies of pre- and post-shunted subjects

The effect of liver disease on glucagon metabolism was examined in nine patients with chronic liver disease who were studied both before and after the creation of a surgical portasystemic shunt. Hepatocellular function did not deteriorate after shunt surgery. However, hepatic perfusion with splanchnic venous blood, as determined by scintisplenoportography, decreased after shunt surgery in six subjects but appeared unaltered in three. Basal plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) levels in the pre-shunt cirrhotic group were significantly greater (p <0·005) than in control subjects and further increased (p <0·05) after shunt surgery. Moreover, the increase in basal IRG after shunt was evident only in patients in whom portasystemic shunting was demonstrably increased by surgery. Despite the higher basal IRG levels postoperatively, shunt surgery in the cirrhotics did not alter basal glucose and insulin levels or the glucose and insulin response to a glucose or protein load. Circulating IRG was heterogeneous in the pre-shunt cirrhotic patients: the 9000 molecular weight fraction comprised 27±4%, the 3500 mol. wt. fraction 71±4%, and the > 40 000 mol. wt. fraction was minimal. After shunt surgery, the relative proportion of the 9000 mol. wt. fraction of IRG (13±3%) decreased significantly (p <0·05) and this fall was associated with a corresponding increase in the 3,500 mol. wt. fraction (84±4%). It is concluded that, in cirrhosis, hyperglucagonaemia is: (1) dependent on the degree of portasystemic shunting rather than impaired hepatocellular function; (2) predominantly due to increased circulating 3500 molecular weight glucagon; and (3) not a major factor in the pathogenesis of carbohydrate intolerance in liver disease.
Selection, Transmission, and Reversion of an Antigen-Processing Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Escape Mutation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

ABSTRACT Numerous studies now support that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) evolution is influenced by immune selection pressure, with population studies showing an association between specific HLA alleles and mutations within defined cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes. Here we combine sequence data and functional studies of CD8 T-cell responses to demonstrate that allele-specific immune pressures also select for mutations flanking CD8 epitopes that impair antigen processing. In persons expressing HLA-A3, we demonstrate consistent selection for a mutation in a C-terminal flanking residue of the normally immunodominant Gag KK9 epitope that prevents its processing and presentation, resulting in a rapid decline in the CD8 T-cell response. This single amino acid substitution also lies within a second HLA-A3-restricted epitope, with the mutation directly impairing recognition by CD8 T cells. Transmission of the mutation to subjects expressing HLA-A3 was shown to prevent the induction of normally immunodominant acute-phase responses to both epitopes. However, subsequent in vivo reversion of the mutation was coincident with delayed induction of new CD8 T-cell responses to both epitopes. These data demonstrate that mutations within the flanking region of an HIV-1 epitope can impair recognition by an established CD8 T-cell response and that transmission of these mutations alters the acute-phase CD8+ T-cell response. Moreover, reversion of these mutations in the absence of the original immune pressure reveals the potential plasticity of immunologically selected evolutionary changes.