Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pragmatic Transfer in Moroccan EFL Learners’ Requests

Chomsky’s generative paradigm has invaded and informed linguistic research and hence all linguistic subfields. The field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) has not been exempted from this ostensible invasion. Yet, research conducted within this new paradigm has focused only on exploring and teaching formal grammatical forms; other components of linguistic competence, namely Pragmatics, have been pushed to the edges. More recently (Kasper & Blum-Kulka, 1993; Kasper, 1992; Ishihara & Cohen, 2010 among others), however, a growing interest in the effects of culture and native language on the development of the learners’ L2 has brought into focus the fact that for non-native speakers/ L2 learners to achieve a fully-fledged competence in the target language, they have, of necessity, to consider the sociocultural and pragmatic aspects of the target language. For this reason, the present paper is couched within the area of Interlanguage Pragmatics (ILP), the aim being to address the issue of the role of pragmatic competence in SLA in general and, more particularly, in a Moroccan EFL context. Conducted within the framework of the Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Project (CCSARP), this study, then, purports to investigate the issue of pragmatic transfer from L1 into the Interlanguage of Moroccan learners of English, particularly when these learners make requests in English. The two main hypotheses that the present paper attempts to defend are: (i) there is pragmatic transfer in the English requests produced by Moroccan learners of English, both from a Pragmalinguistic and Sociopragmatic perspective; (ii) L2 pragmatic competence acquisition is still wanting among Moroccan advanced students. The participants involved in this study are Moroccan university learners of English (second year and third year) and native speakers of English. Under this light, this study seeks to compare the average frequencies of direct and indirect strategies used by both native Moroccan English as a foreign language learners and native English speakers. Finally, this study will further attempt to explore whether transfer decreases as the study level increases. The paper concludes with some pedagogical implications. Normal 0 21 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF-EFFICACY SISWA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan self-efficacy siswa kelas VIII MTs YKWI Pekanbaru melalui Penerapan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan lembar pengamatan aktivitas guru dan siswa serta angket self-efficacy. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan self-efficacy siswa dari skor dasar ke Ulangan Harian I, dari Ulangan Harian I ke Ulangan Harian II. Adapun persentase self-efficacy siswa pada Ulangan Harian I sebesar 54,6 % dengan kategori cukup mandiri dan pada Ulangan Harian II menaik sebesar 77,2% dengan kategori setingkat lebih tinggi dari kategori ulangan harian I yaitu mandiri. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dapat meningkatkan self-efficacy siswa kelas VIII MTs YKWI Pekanbaru.Kata kunci :Numbered Heads Together; self-efficacy siswa.
Music Metadata Capture in the Studio from Audio and Symbolic Data

Music Information Retrieval (MIR) tasks, in the main, are concerned with the accurate generation of one of a number of different types of music metadata – beat onsets, or melody extraction, for example. Almost always, they operate on fully mixed digital audio recordings. Commonly, this means that a large amount of signal processing effort is directed towards the isolation, and then identification, of certain highly relevant aspects of the audio mix. In some cases, results of one MIR algorithm are useful, if not essential, to the operation of another – a chord detection algorithm for example, is highly dependent upon accurate pitch detection. Although not clearly defined in all cases, certain rules exist which we may take from music theory in order to assist the task – the particular note intervals which make up a specific chord, for example. On the question of generating accurate, low level music metadata (e.g. chromatic pitch and score onset time), a potentially huge advantage lies in the use of multitrack, rather than mixed, audio recordings, in which the separate instrument recordings may be analysed in isolation. Additionally, in MIR, as in many other research areas currently, there is an increasing push towards the use of the Semantic Web for publishing metadata using the Resource Description Framework (RDF). Semantic Web technologies, though, also facilitate the querying of data via the SPARQL query language, as well as logical inferencing via the careful creation and use of web ontology language (OWL) ontologies. This, in turn, opens up the intriguing possibility of deferring our decision regarding which particular type of MIR query to ask of our low-level music metadata until some point later down the line, long after all the heavy signal processing has been carried out. In this thesis, we describe an over-arching vision for an alternative
Eco-design and Eco-efficiency Competencies Development in Engineering and Design Students

The development of vital competencies and a mindset to rethink products, production, and business models in engineering and design students is presently of great importance. These future professionals will play a key role in the development of sustainable products. Within Eco-design and Eco-efficiency curricular unit, an assignment was developed that consisted of the development of an eco-design and eco-efficiency study of a given product, provided by a real industrial company. In this paper, the challenge description and application are reported, as well as the key conclusions.
Hidden in Plain Sight: Knowledge Broker Teachers and Professional Development.

iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . vi DEDICATION . viii LIST OF TABLES . xiii LIST OF FIGURES . xiv CHAPTER 1: 21ST CENTURY TEACHERS . 1 Background to the Study . 1 Statement of the Problem . 3 Purpose of the Study . 11 Conclusion . 11 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW . 14 Theoretical Framework: Situated Learning Theory . 14 Knowledge Brokers . 19 Processes . 22 Translating . 23 Bridging. 24 Attributes. 25 Knowledge . 30 Explicit knowledge . 31 Tacit knowledge . 31 Building and sharing knowledge . 32 Online communities and knowledge sharing . 34
DESIGNING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DRUG FREE PATCHES FOR TRANSDERMAL APPLICATION

The present investigation was taken up to prepare and evaluate drug free polymeric patches using different polymers and to study the effect of different plasticizers on physicochemical properties of the patches to explore their feasibility for transdermal application. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 400), Dibutylphthalate (DBP) and Propylene glycol (PG) were used as plasticizers at a concentration of 40 % w/w of dry polymer weight. Drug free polymeric patches were prepared by the casting method on mercury surface and evaluated for weight variation, thickness, flatness, tensile strength, folding endurance, surface pH, hardness, swellability, water vapour transmission rate and skin irritation studies. The mercury substrate method was found to give thin uniform patches. The weight and thickness of the patches was found to be uniform. Tensile strength and folding endurance of the patches prepared with DBP as plasticizer was high compared to patches plasticized with PG and PEG. All the formulations show 100 % flatness. HPMC K4M: PVP patches plasticized with PEG 400 showed higher swellability and water vapour transmission rates. The patches were found to be free of any skin irritation. Based on the above observations, it can be reasonably concluded that plasticizers have a significant influence on the mechanical properties of the transdermal patches.
An Influence Model Based on Heterogeneous Online Social Network for Influence Maximization

Influence maximization is an important technique in advertisement post, viral marketing, and public opinion monitoring. Seed set identification is one of the key issues in influence maximization. In reality, there exist heterogeneous nodes, such as user nodes, message nodes in social networks. The complex association relationship among heterogeneous nodes, which are seldom considered, significantly increases the complexity of the seed set identification. In this paper, we propose a Measuring Influence (MIF) model to capture social influence with heterogeneity. MIF considers the interaction among adjacent nodes, the tag of users, the users’ social friendships and the similarity in user interests, and studies the interaction based influence, tag based influence, friendship based influence, and topic based influence, respectively. As obtaining the seed set in social networks has been proved to be a NP-hard problem, we propose an algorithm called Influence Maximization Greedy Algorithm (IMGA) to solve this problem by maximizing the marginal influence of selected seed nodes. Series of experiments are designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed model and algorithm. Our results show that MIF model and IMGA algorithm have better influence spread effects and higher quality of the seed set identification comparing to the approaches under IC, LT, CDNF, MIA, and BBA, models.
Under-Five Child Health Service Quality and its Determinants in Goncha Siso Enessie District, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016

Methods: A facility based cross sectional quantitative and qualitative study design was employed from JanuaryMay 2016 on 396 guardians of under five children. The data were collected using structured exit interviews, facility assessment checklists and record reviews. Data was cleaned and entered Microsoft office Access, EPI info and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Science. Binary and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors of guardians’ satisfaction and odds ratios, 95% CI and p-value was computed to measure the presence and strength of associations.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FIT: FOSTERING JOB SATISFACTION AND RETENTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vii LIST OF FIGURES . viii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Challenging Work Environment . 2 Intrinsic Motivation . 5 Job Satisfaction . 8 Turnover Intentions . 10 Workplace Fit . 13 Distributive Justice . 17 Present Study . 18 CHAPTER TWO: METHOD. 21 Participants . 21 Procedure . 21 Measures . 22 Motivation to Work with Children . 22 Distributive Justice . 23 Job Satisfaction . 23 Turnover Intentions . 23 Person Organization Fit . 24 Person-Job Fit . 24
DETERMINANTS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF RURAL COMMUNITY BASED WATER PROJECTS IN NAROK COUNTY, KENYA

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing sustainability of rural community based water projects in Narok County, Kenya. Methodology: The study employed descriptive survey with a target population of 163 and sample size of 85 respondents selected randomly from 15 community based water facilities. The study used closed ended questionnaires. Pilot study results were used to test reliability and validity of the instruments found. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and presented using frequency distribution, percentages, mean, standard deviation and Pearson Product Moment Coefficients (PPMC). Results: The correlation results revealed that community participation and project management practices have a positive and significant relationship with sustainability among rural community based water projects while technology use and post implementation support had a low relationship with sustainability of rural community based water projects. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The community members should be adequately involved in identification, planning, implementation and close out phases of water projects. There should be regular participatory meetings with stakeholders, empowerment workshops for community members, trainings for water management committees, joint meetings on establishing mechanisms for protection of water facilities and conflict resolution. Keywords: Community participation, project management practices, technology, post implementation support, sustainability
Water system breakdown typology and rehabilitation pathways in sub-Saharan Africa

One in three handpump water systems in sub-Saharan Africa are non-functional at any given time. To better understand common water system breakdowns, data from Liberia, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda (each N>3600) were used to create a breakdown typology. This typology was used to examine how breakdown type varies by water system and management characteristics. Differences in breakdown type were identified based on water system type, age, management structure, and fee collection methods. To better understand ways that management committees can rehabilitate broken rural water systems, qualitative data from 18 communities in Ghana, Kenya, and Zambia were used to identify hardware and management rehabilitation pathways. These pathways show the specific steps and actors involved in rehabilitating broken water systems and failed water management committees. Communication with accessible technical experts was consistently seen as a reason for rapid rehabilitation. Understanding common breakdowns and rehabilitation pathways can inform programming for water system sustainability.
Determine Word Sense Based on Semantic and Syntax Information

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) plays an important role in natural language processing fields. Semantic category is semantic knowledge and part-of-speech is syntax knowledge. In this paper, word window is opened to get semantic category and part-ofspeech of left and right adjacent words around an ambiguous word. A new approach of determining true meanings of ambiguous words based on support vector machine (SVM) is given. The training corpus in SemEval-2007: Task#5 is applied to optimize SVM and the optimized SVM is tested. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed method is improved.
Comunicación y lenguaje en el periodismo escrito

La complejidad alcanzada por la sociedad contemporanea ha hecho que el hombre al que le ha tocado vivir en ella no pueda conocer por si mismo todos los datos y opiniones referentes a los temas que le interesan, por lo que se ve obligado a recurrir a los medios de difusion’, los cuales han adquirido una importancia de tales dimensiones que, a pesar de su caracter relativamente reciente, cuentan con una nutrida bibliografia sobre su incidcncia y efectos (WOLF, 1991). Entre estos medios ocupa un lugar destacado la prensa periodica, en cuya evolucion se pueden senalar, siguiendo un criterio teleologico, tres etapasz (AGUILERA ci al., 1988; BEZUNARTEA cl al., 1988; TOBAJAS, S984):
ULTRA-HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION UAV-BASED IMAGERY TO PREDICT BIOMASS IN TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS

Abstract. Monitoring biomass yield in grassland is of key importance to support sustainable management decisions. Especially the high spatio-temporal variety in grasslands requires rapid and cost-efficient data acquisition with a high spatial and temporal resolution. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the comparability of UAV-based simultaneously acquired vegetation indices from a consumer-grade RGB-camera (Sony Alpha 6000) and a well-calibrated narrow-band multispectral camera (MicaSense RedEdge-M) to estimate dry matter biomass yield. The study site is an experimental grassland field in Germany with four nitrogen fertilizer levels. Biomass yield and UAV-based data for the first cut in May 2018 was analysed in this study. From the RGB-data the Plant Pigment Ratio Index (PPR) and the Normalized Green Red Difference Index (NGRDI) and from the multispectral data the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are calculated as predictors for dry biomass yield. The NGRDI and NDVI perform moderately well with cross-validation R2 of 0.57 and 0.63 respectively, while the PPR performs better with an R2 of 0.70. These results indicate the potential of low-cost UAV-based methods for rapid assessment of grasslands.
Parametrically forced stably stratified cavity flow: complicated nonlinear dynamics near the onset of instability

The dynamics of a fluid-filled square cavity with stable thermal stratification subjected to harmonic vertical oscillations is investigated numerically. The nonlinear responses to this parametric excitation are studied over a comprehensive range of forcing frequencies up to two and a half times the buoyancy frequency. The nonlinear results are in general agreement with the Floquet analysis, indicating the presence of nested resonance tongues corresponding to the intrinsic $m:n$ eigenmodes of the stratified cavity. For the lowest-order subharmonic $1:1$ tongue, the responses are analysed in great detail, with complex dynamics identified near onset, most of which involves interactions with unstable saddle states of a homoclinic or heteroclinic nature.
Toward Physically Unclonable Functions From Plasmonics-Enhanced Silicon Disc Resonators

The omnipresent digitalization trend has enabled a number of related malicious activities, ranging from data theft to disruption of businesses, counterfeiting of devices, and identity fraud, among others. Hence, it is essential to implement security schemes and to ensure the reliability and trustworthiness of electronic circuits. Toward this end, the concept of physically unclonable functions (PUFs) has been established at the beginning of the 21st century. However, most PUFs have eventually, at least partially, fallen short of their promises, which are unpredictability, unclonability, uniqueness, reproducibility, and tamper resilience. That is because most PUFs directly utilize the underlying microelectronics, but that intrinsic randomness can be limited and may thus be predicted, especially by machine learning. Optical PUFs, in contrast, are still considered as promising—they can derive strong, hard-to-predict randomness independently from microelectronics, by using some kind of “optical token. ” Here, we propose a novel concept for plasmonics-enhanced optical PUFs, or peo-PUFs in short. For the first time, we leverage two highly nonlinear phenomena in conjunction by construction: first, light propagation in a silicon disk resonator, and second, surface plasmons arising from nanoparticles arranged randomly on top of the resonator. We elaborate on the physical phenomena, provide simulation results, and conduct a security analysis of peo-PUFs for secure key generation and authentication. This study highlights the good potential of peo-PUFs, and our future work is to focus on fabrication and characterization of such PUFs.
Design and Comparison of Two-Loop with PI and Three-Loop Autopilot for Static Unstable Missile

The characteristics of nonminimum phase and static unstable of a tail controlled tactical missile are presented firstly. Then, in order to eliminate the static error, a cascade PI compensator was introduced to the classic two loop autopilot. Due to the slow tracking for command acceleration, the longitudinal three-loop autopilot design is driven based on LTI model of missile plant to stabilize the nonminimum phase static unstably missile airframe. The focus is to explain the performance and the control effect at different values of velocity and stability derivative (M α ) of two algorithms on missile plant. The analysis is executed by establishing a standard algorithm in virtue of MATLAB/Simulink for autopilot design. The simulation results indicated that three-loop topology gives better tracking than two-loop with a cascade PI compensator at different value of stability derivative Mα. On the other hand, two-loop has a better response and less control effort at different velocities. fin angle and fin angle rate are less than the three loop for static unstable and stable missile.
Efficient representation for image recognition

Image representation plays the key role in image recognition. An image is usually represented by a feature vector generated using methods like bag-of-visual-words (BOV) model, Fisher Vector, sparse coding, etc. In recent years, high dimensional feature vectors have become popular. However, they usually cause severe memory problem. In this dissertation, in order to achieve an efficient and accurate image representation for image recognition, we consider three key factors: feature generation speed, discriminance, and storage. We then propose three novel computational techniques to address the impact of the three factors on image recognition: exclusive vector quantization (ExVQ), hyper-spatial matching (HSM), and feature selection for dimensional reduction, respectively. First, considering vector quantization (VQ) is the most time consuming step in many widely used feature generation methods, we propose a fast VQ method called ExVQ. In ExVQ, an exclusive nearest neighbor search is developed to quantize visual descriptors with the most similar visual codewords. While it attains classification accuracy similar to the state-of-the-art approx NN search, ExVQ is significantly faster, leading to improved feature generation speed. Next, in order to improve the feature discriminance, HSM is proposed to characterize the spatial relationship among regions in images. Spatial information is important for many feature generation methods. Generally, to compute image spatial information, images are split into several regions in the same way. Unlike existing methods that usually compute the similarity of spatially corresponding regions, HSM computes the similarity of all region pairs in two images. Thus, HSM can encode more comprehensive spatial information. With HSM, two fast SVM classifier learning strategies are proposed, which are hundreds of times faster than general purpose HSM SVM solvers.