Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exclusive Breast Feeding Prevalence and Associated Factors an Institutional Based Cross Sectional Study in Bahir dar Northwest Ethiopia

Exclusive breastfeeding is accepted as the best natural form of infant feeding up to six months and has a protective effect against morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of exclusively breastfeeding and associated factors during the first six months among mothers who was attending in Bahir Dar public health centers and private pediatric clinics. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on mothers with infants six-twelve months of age. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to determine the final sample size of 634 participants. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the eligible mothers. The result show that, The overall rates of exclusively breast feeding were 46.7%. Mothers who are currently in union [(AOR=0.176 (0.058, 0.536)], urban residence mothers [(AOR=0.375 (0.211, 0.664)], not sick infants [(AOR=4.441 (2.404, 8.094)], adequate knowledgeable mothers [(AOR=3.570 (2.367, 5.383)] and favorable attitude mothers [(AOR=2.537 (1.729, 3.724)] were significant association towards exclusively breast feeding. Exclusively breast feeding was significantly low in Bahir Dar city administration health care facility attendant mothers. Therefore health education should be focused on urban societies, mothers with sick infants, to raise their knowledge and change attitude of mothers towards the many benefit of exclusive breast feeding both in public and private health care facilities so as to increase the prevalence of exclusive breast feeding.
Studies on the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis in Ambo municipality abattoir, Western Shoa, Ethiopia

A cross-sectional study was conducted on cattle slaughtered in Ambo municipal abattoir with the aim of determining the prevalence, cyst viability, organ distribution and public health significance of bovine cysticercosis. Of the 600 carcasses inspected, 93 (15.5%) were infected with cysticerci. A total of 122 cysts were collected of which 95 (77.87%) were viable while others 27 (22.13%) were degenerated. The anatomical distribution of cysticerci were highest in the shoulder muscles 41(85.4%) followed by masseter muscles 11(78.6%), thigh muscles 17 (77.3%), heart 14 (73.68%), tongue 7 (70%), liver 4 (66.67%) and 1(50%) in the intercostals mussels. The prevalence of cysticercosis varied significantly (P<0.05) with sex, age, breed and origin of animals. Interview was conducted on 180 residents using a structured questionnaire to know the public health significance of the disease. Forty eight (60%) out of 80 respondents from Ambo town, thirty four (68%) out of 50 respondents from Guder woreda and twenty three (46%) out of 50 respondents from Dendi woreda had contracted the disease at least once in their life time and maximum infestation frequency was two times per year. The infestation varied significantly (P<0.05) with sex, age, place of respondents, habit of raw meat consumption, religion, marital and educational stutas. Key words: Ambo, bovine cysticercosis, cyst viability, Dendi, Guder, prevalence, public health, organ distribution.
miR-937 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis via targeting APAF1 in breast cancer

Background: Previous research had shown that an imbalance in cell proliferation and apoptosis is a vital mechanism for tumorigenesis and cancer progression that may directly influence biological behaviors of cancer. microRNAs are associated with the occurrence and development of tumors. This study aimed to explore the influence of miR-937 on breast cancer regulation of APAF1 expression. Methods: Cancer Genome Altas microarray analysis (fold change > 2, p<0.05) was used to verify differentially expressed microRNAs and RT-qPCR was used to detect miR-937 mRNA level in breast cancer. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using CCK8 and colony formation assays, respectively, after the miR-937 mimics/inhibitors and their negative control were transfected into MCF7 cells. The variations in cell cycle and apoptosis were examined using flow cytometry. DAVID database was used to perform GO enrichment analysis. We use dual luciferase report system to detect the effect of miR-937 on the transcriptional activity of APAF1. APAF1 protein level was determined by Western blot assay. Results: miR-937 was up-regulated in breast cancer cell lines and high miR-937 expression is associated with a poorer survival rate in cancer patients. miR-937 overexpression promoted the viability, down-regulated the G1 phase ratios and increased the ability of colony formation in breast cancer cells. miR-937 inhibition inhibited the viability and the ability of colony formation, promoted the apoptosis and up-regulated the G1 phase ratios. Our results showed that miR-937 targeted bind to the APAF1-3′UTR. APAF1 overexpression inhibited the viability and the ability of colony formation, promoted the apoptosis and up-regulated the G1 phase ratios. After cells were co-transfection miR-937 mimics and APAF1, cell apoptosis level was increased. Conclusion: APAF1 up-regulation or APAF1 down-regulation in breast cancer may regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Study on Effective Moisture Diffusivity, Activation Energy and Mathematical Modeling of Thin Layer Drying Kinetics of Bell Pepper

Thin-layer drying kinetics of bell pepper was experimentally investigated in a laboratory scale convective dryer. Experiments were performed at air temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80oC and constant air velocity of 2 m/s. In order to select a suitable form of the drying curve, 12 different thin layer drying models were fitted to experimental data. The high values of coefficient of determination and the low values of reduced chi-square and root mean square error indicated that the Logarithmic model could satisfactorily illustrate the drying curve of bell pepper. The Logarithmic model had the highest value of R 2 (0.9929), the lowest 2 χ (0.00003497) and RMSE (0.00481743). The Logarithmic model was found to satisfactorily describe the drying behavior of bell pepper. Fick’s second law was used to calculate the Effective moisture diffusivity. The moisture diffusion coefficient varied between 1.7 × 10 -9 and 11.9 × 10 -9 m 2 /s for the given temperature range and corresponding activation energy was 44.49 kJ/mol.
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone activates Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways and protects against osteoarthritis

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) against osteoarthritis (OA) and examine its regulatory role in the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in chondrocytes. Primary mouse chondrocytes were treated with 7,8-DHF to examine the expression of Nrf2 and downstream heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). The surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus model was used to assess the effectiveness of 7,8-DHF in protecting the cartilage from damage, with knee cartilage harvested from mice for histological analysis. The results revealed that 7,8-DHF activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway in primary chondrocytes. Cartilage degradation in the 7,8-DHF-treated group was reduced significantly compared with that in the vehicle-treated group, according to histological evaluation. The gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1, MMP3, MMP13, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced in the cartilage of OA mice following 7,8-DHF treatment. Genetic and protein analyses indicated that the expression levels of HO-1 were upregulated in the cartilage of the knee with OA, and 7,8-DHF treatment further promoted the induction of HO-1. These results suggest that 7,8-DHF may serve as a potential therapeutic agent in OA.
Glucose tolerance abnormalities in Australian women with polycystic ovary syndrome

RESEARCH 72 Management and clinical outcomes of transfusiondependent thalassaemia major in an Australian tertiary referral clinic Giselle L Kidson-Gerber, Sally Francis, Robert Lindeman 76 Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis at the time of routine Pap smear in general practice: a cluster randomised controlled trial Francis J Bowden, Marian J Currie, Helen Toyne, Clare McGuiness, Lynette L Lim, James R Butler, Nicholas J Glasgow 81 A randomised crossover study of low-ankle-pressure graduated-compression tights in reducing flight-induced ankle oedema Melissa J Hagan, Stephen M Lambert
Urinary Interleukin-8 as a Biomarker for Steroid Resistance in Childhood Onset Nephrotic Syndrome

Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the commonest pediatric renal disorders. Minimal change disease (MCD) is the commonest cause of childhood NS followed by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). The majority of MCD children respond to corticosteroid therapy, but some are steroid-dependent or steroid-resistant, while the majority of patients with FSGS are steroid resistant. Recently, it has been proposed that changes in the cytokine and chemokine profile of NS patients may contribute to proteinuria and glomerular damage Aim of this study To investigate the relation between interleukin 8 (CXCL8/IL8) and the response to steroid therapy in pediatric nephrotic syndrome. Patients and methods Sixty-five patients with NS were included. They were divided into two groups according to response to steroids group 1: steroid sensitive NS (40 patients) group 2: steroid resistant NS (25 patients) and each group include two subgroups (during disease activity and during remission). Serum and urine CXCL8/IL8 levels were measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Results During activity serum CXCL8/IL8 levels were significantly higher in SRNS [median, IOR = 293(11-296)] as compared to SSNS [114.3(5.8-296)] , p . 04. Similarly, urinary CXCL8/IL8 levels were significantly higher in SRNS [187(61.8-210.3)] as compared to SSNS [40.6(24.4-80)] , p.04. During the remission, urinary CXCL8/IL8 levels were significantly higher in SRNS [ 38(21.8-57)] as compared to SSNS [2.4(.0-9.8)] , p . 03. Conclusions Urinary CXCL8/IL8 levels were significantly higher in SRNS than SSNS patients and can be a reliable marker for steroid resistance of childhood onset nephrotic syndrome
Short-term traffic flow prediction system

The invention discloses a short-term traffic flow prediction system, belonging to the field of traffic flow prediction system. A data processing subsystem receives traffic flow data from a traffic information collection platform through the Socket communication, and maintains a location table of the prediction subsystem; the data processing subsystem looks up the prediction subsystem that corresponds to the code in the location table of the prediction subsystem in accordance with the code of the road to be predicted and sends the calculating data to the prediction subsystem after calculating the data of the road to be predicted during the prediction cycle; the data processing subsystem receives the calculating data and maintains the location table of the prediction module on a mainframe; the data processing subsystem looks up in the location table of the prediction module in accordance with the code of the road to be predicted and predicts the road to be predicted; the data processing subsystem predicts the road to be predicted in different prediction duration and obtains the prediction results, and sends the results to a data analysis and display subsystem; and the data analysis and display subsystem receives the prediction results and analyses the prediction value and the actual value of each road to be predicted in each cycle, and calculates the prediction effects and shows the prediction effects.
The Difference of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 2α mRNA Expression in High-Grade and Low-Grade Glioma Tissue

Background: HIF-2α is a transcription factor in hypoxic condition, and high expression levels of it correlate with the concepts of metastasis, therapy opposition and reduced quality of prognosis in various forms of cancerous growth. Due to the exceedingly infiltrative ability of brain glioma cells, gliomas cannot be completely deteriorated with surgery and the relapse rate is high. This study goal to identify the relative expression of HIF-2α gene in the direction of glioma malignancy and its classification. Methods: Specimens used in this research comprise of 20 glioma samples obtained from glioma patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Relative expression of HIF-2α was measured by utilizing quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Cycle threshold (CT) values were achieved correlated with the amplified DNA, and then the relative expression was attained by using Livak method of calculation. Results: The results produced a greater average of relative expression of HIF-2α in the grade III and IV types (18.64; n=7) rather than in the lower grades (5.68; n=13). However, the data is statistically inconsequential. Conclusions: High-grade glioma tends to express HIF-2α mRNA higher compared to the lower grade. Therefore, it is possible to use HIF-2α as a prognostic marker for glioma- diagnosed patients, although additional experiments need to be performed to strengthen these facts.
Development of the 12-item questionnaire for quantitative assessment of depressive mixed state (DMX-12)

Background Conventional categorical criteria have limitations in assessing the prevalence and severity of depressive mixed state (DMX). Thus, we have developed a new scale for screening and quantification of DMX and examined the symptomatological structure and severity of DMX in individuals with major depressive episode (MDE). Methods Subjects were 154 patients with MDE (57 males and 97 females; age 13–83 years). Our original Japanese version of the self-administered 12-item questionnaire to assess DMX (DMX-12), together with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report Japanese version (QIDS-SR-J) and global assessment of functioning, were administered to each participant. The symptomatological structure of the DMX-12 was examined by exploratory factor analysis. Multiple regression analyses were used to analyze factors contributing to the DMX-12 scale. The relationships of this scale with categorical diagnoses (mixed depression by Benazzi and mixed features by DSM-5) were also investigated. Results A three-factor model of the DMX-12 was extracted from exploratory factor analysis, namely, “spontaneous instability”, “vulnerable responsiveness”, and “disruptive emotion/behavior”. Multiple regression analyses revealed that age was negatively correlated with total DMX-12 score, while bipolarity and the QIDS-SR-J score were positively correlated. A higher score on the disruptive emotion/behavior subscale was observed in patients with mixed depression and mixed features. Conclusion The DMX-12 seems to be useful for screening DMX in conjunction with conventional categorical diagnoses. Severely depressed younger subjects with potential bipolarity are more likely to develop DMX. The disruptive emotion/behavior subscale of the DMX-12 may be the most helpful in distinguishing patients with DMX from non-mixed patients.
Impacts of Denture Retention and Stability on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, General Health, and Happiness in Elderly Thais

Purpose This study investigated denture and patient related factors associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of complete denture wearers and their association with general health and happiness. Methods This retrospective cohort study comprised 130 participants with complete edentulism, with maxillary and mandibular complete dentures treated at Chulalongkorn University Dental School during 2010-2017. The primary outcome was the presence of overall and domain-specific Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP). Secondary outcomes were diagnosed and perceived general health, and happiness. Denture retention and stability were classified as acceptable or unacceptable following the CU-modified Kapur criteria. Five esthetic-assessment criteria of the harmonization and proportions between facial and dental anatomical landmarks were measured from patient's photographs. Age, sex, previous complete denture experience, and denture age were recorded. The associations between each variable and oral impacts were analyzed using bivariate logistic regression, and the factors with p < 0.25 were further adjusted using multivariable analysis. Associations between oral impact scores and general health and happiness were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation. Results The most frequent oral impacts were on physical domain, while social domain was the least affected. Denture retention/stability was significantly associated with both overall and specific domains of oral impact. Happiness was found to be strongly correlated with perceived general health, but marginally with oral impact scores. Conclusions Unacceptable complete denture retention and stability are substantial risk factors for impaired OHRQoL in complete edentulism. Maintaining optimal denture retention and stability in denture wearers is essential for good oral health and well-being with the goal of enhancing happiness.
Prognostic Value of Procalcitonin in Pneumonia among Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Many biomarkers for predicted prognosis have been suggested; among these, procalcitonin (PCT) is known to increase in cases of bacterial infection. However, there have been many debates regarding whether PCT is an appropriate prognostic marker for pneumonia. Therefore, we investigated whether PCT can serve as a biomarker for pneumonia, and compared it with CURB-65, which is a known tool for predicting the prognosis of pneumonia. Methods: Levels of PCT and CURB-65 scores were compared between 30-day non-survival (n = 30) and survival (n = 101) patients. Relationships between PCT and CURB-65 were determined by using linear regression analysis, as well as by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calculation of the area under the curve (AUC). High and low PCT groups were compared. Results: High PCT and high CURB-65 score were positively associated with 30-day mortality. For the prediction of 30-day mortality, initial PCT and CURB-65 exhibited AUCs of 0.63 and 0.66; these were not significantly different (P = 0.132). We found that the high PCT group had a higher rate of initial treatment failure (91%, P = 0.004). Conclusions: Initial PCT can be a prognostic biomarker for mortality in severe pneumonia, similar to the CURB-65 score. Initial high PCT was positively associated with initial treatment failure.
Comparison of Cholinergic Status with Quantitative EEG in Healthy Subjects and Patients Suspected of Dementia

Longitudinal studies using electroencephalography (EEG) and follow-up are rare in dementia studies; however, varying effects on EEG parameters reported from existing studies [1-7]. Probably due to the heterogeneity and different stages of the dementia diseases, and also mixed types of dementia, e.g., Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), Lewy body dementia (LBD) studied. Interpreting the EEG measurements is also tricky because the procedures used to collect and analyze data are different. The commonly used EEG parameters have assessed changes in the proportion of different frequency bands, average frequency, EEG power, the ratio of low-frequency activity to global and fluctuations in EEG frequency and coherence.
Randomized, controlled crossover study of IVIg for demyelinating polyneuropathy and diabetes

Objective To determine whether IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) is more effective than placebo at reducing disability in patients with diabetes and demyelinating polyneuropathy features. Methods This is a double-blinded, single-center, randomized, controlled crossover trial of IVIg treatment vs placebo. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale (ONLS) scores during the IVIg phasecompared with the placebo phase. Secondary outcomes include changes in the Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale, Medical Research Council sum scores, grip strength, electrophysiologic measurements, quality of life, and adverse effects. Results Twenty-five subjects were recruited between March 2015 and April 2017. The mean change in ONLS scores was −0.2 points during the IVIg phase and 0.0 points during the placebo phase (p = 0.23). Secondary outcomes did not show significant differences between IVIg and placebo. Conclusions IVIg did not reduce disability, improve strength, or quality of life in patients with demyelinating polyneuropathy features and diabetes after 3 months of treatment in comparison with placebo. Therefore, careful consideration of the primary diagnosis is required before immunomodulatory therapy. Classification of evidence This study provides Class I evidence that for patients with diabetes and demyelinating polyneuropathy features, IVIg did not significantly reduce disability.
A Pilot Study of Predicting Failing Grades Using Data from UCLA's Learning Management System

UCLA develops and uses a learning management system to provide an online environment for students to access and interact with course content. The data collected by the learning management system is a direct measure of student activity, and provides information that augments known information about the student, such as assignment grades and demographics. This paper assesses UCLA's learning management system data for its usefulness in creating an early warning system that will advise instructors and students of whether a student is likely to receive a failing grade. The data are used in two analyses: an exploratory analysis of how students use the learning management system, and a predictive model to forecast end-of-term grades based on partial-term information. Recommendations on how to generalize the results across the UCLA undergraduate population are drawn from the findings of the analyses.
Facial anthropometry in an adult male with Sotos syndrome

Introduction: Sotos Syndrome is a dominant autossomic disease caused by a mutation in NSD1 gene localized in chromosome 5. The craniofacial phenotype of Sotos Syndrome is quite distinctive, especially in the young child, and includes macrocephaly, widelyspaced eyes, prominent chin and mandible, high and curved forehead, palpebral slits oblique and downward, long and narrowface. This phenotype plays an important role in the identification of this syndrome. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the craniofacial anthropometric landmarks of a young adult male with medical diagnosis of Sotos Syndrome. Material and methods: Using noninvasive method of craniofacial anthropometry, twenty five anthropometric measurements were taken of the individual and compared with the facial pattern of non-syndromic individuals,matched in gender and age. The findings were standards and converted to Z-scores. Results: the data analysis showed that the majority of variables were in supernormal range (greater than +2 standard deviation (SD). None none of them was in the subnormal range (less than –2SD). Conclusion: Anthropometric analysis of Sotos Syndrome demonstrated the usefulness of craniofacial analysisin defining abnormal craniofacial dimensions.