Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Typology of Family Firms: An Investigation of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Performance

Drawing on family firm heterogeneity research, we develop a typology of family firms using differences in family influence and firm life cycle. We offer hypotheses regarding the relationships between the different firm types and two important outcomes: Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and performance. Applying latent profile analysis to a sample of 684 Spanish and Portuguese family firms using variables related to family influence (i.e., ownership, family CEO) and firm life cycle (i.e., generational management, size, and presence of board of directors), we find four family firm types, which differentially affect EO and performance. Implications of our findings for EO, family firm performance, and the development of family firm typologies are discussed.
Extracting structured models from raw scans of manufactured objects : a step towards embedded intelligent handheld 3D scanning

The availability of fast and accurate 3D sensors has favored the development of different applications in assembly, inspection, Computer-Aided Design (CAD), reverse engineering, mechanical engineering, medicine, and entertainment, to list just a few. While 2D cameras capture 2D images of the surface of objects, either black-and-white or color, 3D cameras provide information on the geometry of an object surface. Today, newly introduced 3D cameras can acquire the appearance and geometry of objects concurrently. The popularity and availability of such these 3D models has opened new fields of interests, such as 3D model segmentation, 3D model recognition, estimation of 3D models’ parameters and even 3D modelling. In this project, we aim at recognizing different parts (primitives) of a 3D object, intelligently. For this purpose, we first prepare a database of 3D CAD primitives (i.g. planes, cylinders, cones, spheres and, tori). Then using segmentation algorithms, the complex objects are decomposed into their primitives and, by utilizing recognition techniques, a descriptor is extracted and associated to each primitive and, finally, a classifier is trained to learn the properties of primitives. The manuscript investigates different methods related to these challenges. An additional step is also proposed in this project which estimates the parameters of primitives and generate the CAD primitives that completes the whole process of reverse engineering.
Effects of food and water deprivation in newly hatched chickens : a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Ingrid de Jong, Johan van Riel, Sander Lourens, Marc Bracke, Henry van den Brand Together with our clients, we integrate scientific know-how and practical experience to develop livestock concepts for the 21st century. With our expertise on innovative livestock systems, nutrition, welfare, genetics and environmental impact of livestock farming and our state-of-the art research facilities, such as Dairy Campus and Swine Innovation Centre Sterksel, we support our customers to find solutions for current and future challenges.
A process-calculus approach to typed concurrent objects

I propose an untyped name-passing calculus and a series of decidable type systems assigning types to names in terms. The calculus, designed according to the modern trends in name-passing calculi, is intended to capture the basic concepts of concurrent objects. The type systems, developed along the lines of those for -calculi, provide for partial-speci cation in the form of communication protocols for programs, and for partial-correctness wherein typable terms are assured not to run into errors at execution time. Terms are built from names and labels by means of ve constructors, the innovations being guarded labelled-sums describing objects composed of labelled methods and asynchronous labelled messages selecting a method in the target object. The remaining constructors are fairly standard in name-passing calculi and comprise concurrent composition, local name creation (or scope restriction), and replication. The type systems assign types to names, and typings (that is, sets of nametype pairs) to terms. Simple types are built from type-variables by means of a single record constructor that uses the labels in the syntax of the calculus. To realize typing terms containing circular name-structures, a recursive type constructor is introduced, recursive types being viewed as regular (that is, having nitely many subtrees) in nite trees. The main properties of these type systems are subject-reduction (implying that typable terms do not encounter errors at execution time), decidability of typing assignment, and computability of typing inference. Nonetheless, no notion of typing subsumption, and hence of principal typings, seems to be possible in these systems. I use constraints on the types that may replace a given type-variable, and study the problem of unifying in nite trees with variables subject to constraints. From a pragmatic point of view, the calculus provides the building blocks necessary to describe the formal operational semantics of concurrent objectoriented programming languages; more complex notions of objects are easily encoded into the basic calculus. Simultaneously, the type systems developed can be used to derive type systems for high-level programming languages. From a theoretical point of view, this work brings into the name-passing paradigm (not restricted to the calculus presented, but encompassing the -calculus and the calculus) the notions of types and type assignment, thus opening the possibility to explore, in the setting of name-passing calculi, the wide body of results on type systems for -calculi.
COMPRESSIVE AND TRAUMATIC MYELOPATHIES

There is a broad spectrum of causes of compressive myelopathies. Resulting neurologic deficits may not improve after decompression. Early diagnosis and treatment are paramount to ensuring long-term functional outcome, and errors in diagnosis with resultant delays in treatment can have drastic consequences. The history, including patient demographics and the onset and progression of the disease, and physical examination are critical tools in arriving at a correct diagnosis. Very often, the diagnosis is obvious. After the history and physical examination have concluded that a myelopathy is present, imaging is necessary to evaluate for a compressive etiology. Spinal MRI, including gadolinium-enhanced images, is the diagnostic study of choice and should be obtained expediently. Major advantages of MRI include its multiplanar capabilities and the ability to visualize nonosseous lesions. Dependent on MRI findings, other radiologic evaluations may be necessary, including noncontrast CT and plain x-rays. If an MRI is not obtainable because of the presence of a pacemaker, claustrophobia, lack of availability, clinical situation, or a multitude of other possible reasons, CT myelography is an excellent alternative tool. Plain myelography can help in defining a compressive lesion. The goal of imaging studies is to define the lesion and guide surgical decision making if cord compression is found.
Computer-Based Signing Accommodations: Comparing a Recorded Human with an Avatar

Many students who are deaf or hard-of-hearing are eligible for a signing accommodation for state and other standardized tests. The signing accommodation, however, presents several challenges for testing programs that attempt to administer tests under standardized conditions. One potential solution for many of these challenges is the use of computer-based test delivery that integrates recordings of signed presentation of test content into the test. In addition to standardizing conditions, computer-based delivery holds potential to decrease the cost of developing recordings of signed presentation by using avatars rather than humans. However, because avatars are relatively new and are not as expressive or lifelike as humans, they may not be as affective as humans in presenting content in a clear and interpretable manner. The study presented here employed a randomized trial to compare the effect that a computer-based provision of the signed accommodation using a recorded human versus a signing avatar had on students' attitudes about performing a mathematics test and on their actual test performance. This study found that students generally reported that it was easy to perform a mathematics test on computer, and that both the recorded human and the signing avatar tools were easy to use and to understand. Students also reported a strong preference for performing future tests on computer, and generally preferred using the recorded human and the avatar for future tests rather than a DVD. While students also reported that they preferred the recorded human rather than the signing avatar, this preference did not affect test performance. The use of the recorded human and the avatar did not have affects on either the amount of time required to complete the test items or on students' performance on the test items. Implications for future research are discussed in light of these findings and the shortcomings of this study.
Infant mortality during the 1920s-1940s in Puerto Rico and the health of older Puerto Rican adults

Neonatal endogenous mortality reflects conditions originating in utero whereas exogenous mortality reflects conditions experienced during the first year of life. We obtained data for infant mortality rates (IMR) at the county (municipio) level during the late 1920s-early 1940s in Puerto Rico using historical records and linked IMR with individual birth year and place using the PREHCO (Puerto Rican Elderly: Health Conditions) study. We classified PREHCO respondents into two groups using the Bourgeois-Pichat method according to if they were born in years when the fraction of neonatal endogenous mortality was either low or high. We then estimated the (1) effects of IMR (using continuous, logit, quartile, Box-Cox transformations) on adult heart disease and diabetes and (2) effects of season of birth and childhood health in each of the two PREHCO groups on adult heart disease and diabetes, controlling for age, gender, obesity, respondent’s educational level, adult behavior (smoking, exercise, drinking and) other early life exposures (knee height, childhood SES, and mother’s risk of exposure to malaria). Findings: (1) no significant associations between IMR and season of birth, heart disease or diabetes but significant associations between high IMR and low knee height, low education, older age and no rigorous exercise as an adult; (2) stronger effects of season of birth and smoking on adult heart disease and diabetes among respondents born in years with higher fraction of endogenous mortality; (3) stronger effects of poor childhood health and rigorous exercise among respondents born in years with lower fraction of endogenous mortality. Conclusions: (1) the pathways from poor environmental conditions during the first year of life to adult heart disease and diabetes appear to be complex and indirect whereas the pathways to adult disease from in utero exposures appears to be more direct; (2) season of birth appears to reflect in utero exposures more than environmental conditions after birth whereas just the opposite is true for knee height and 3 childhood health; (3) adult smoking and exercise may differ in their effectiveness to cause or reduce adult disease according to one’s early life circumstances.
The effect of a triclosan-containing dentifrice on the progression of periodontal disease in an adult population.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of unsupervised, long-term use of a 0.3% triclosan/2% copolymer dentifrice on the progression of periodontal disease in a general adult population. METHODS Five hundred and four volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Participants were matched for disease status, plaque index, age and gender. At the baseline examination, probing pocket depths and relative attachment levels were recorded and participants were assigned to either the test or control group. Re-examinations took place after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months. Subgingival plaque samples were collected at each examination and assayed for Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia. A generalised linear model was used to analyse the data, with a number of covariates thought to influence the responses included as the possible confounding effects. RESULTS The triclosan/copolymer dentifrice had a significant effect in subjects with interproximal probing depths > or =3.5 mm, where it significantly reduced the number of sites with probing depths > or =3.5 mm at the following examination, when compared with the control group (p<0.001). Furthermore, this effect increased with increasing numbers of affected sites. There was no effect of the triclosan/copolymer dentifrice in individuals without probing depths > or =3.5 mm at the previous examination. Other factors significantly affecting probing pocket depths (PPD) included increasing age, smoking and presence of P. gingivalis. PPD > or =3.5 mm were positively associated with loss of attachment some 2 years later. CONCLUSION This study showed that in a normal adult population, unsupervised use of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice is effective in slowing the progression of periodontal disease.
Clinical chemistry values in elderly Korean people: single institutional study

and The proportion of elderly people to visit the hospital is and laboratory tests are performed to screen them for many pathological conditions. The chemistry tests can be very important in diagnosis, especially for elderly people, in L aboratory values change with age and interpreting laboratory results from elderly people using the reference intervals for younger adults may not be appropriate. The authors investigated the distribution patterns of routine chemistry values from elderly people to determine whe-ther current reference intervals are also valid for elderly people. A total of 1,215 persons older than 65 years and 1,827 healthy adults below 65 years of age were evaluated. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast and analyzed for chemistry tests. Computing the central 95th percentile showed that the total protein, albumin, ALP, LD, creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and electrolytes of elderly people were within the standard reference intervals used in our laboratory. For AST and ALT, the upper range of the central 95th percentile in the elderly population was found to be outside the common reference interval. However, the central 90th percentile values of AST and ALT were compatible with the common reference intervals. GGT, BUN, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and glucose showed higher values than the upper limits of the reference intervals. For common clinical chemistry tests, the common reference values in general should be applicable to elderly people, even though some parameters showed wider distributions in the elderly.
The potential of supplemental instruction in engineering education: creating additional peer-guided learning opportunities in difficult compulsory courses for first-year students

ABSTRACT Supplemental Instruction (SI) can be an efficient way of improving student success in difficult courses. Here, a study is made on SI attached to difficult first-year engineering courses. The results show that both the percentage of students passing a difficult first-year engineering course, and scores on the course exams are considerably higher for students attending SI, compared to students not attending. The study also shows that a higher percentage of female students attend SI, compared to male students. However, both genders seem to benefit to the same degree as a result of attending SI meetings. Also all students, independent of prior academic ability, benefit from attending SI. A qualitative study suggests that SI meetings provide elements important for understanding course material, which are missing from other scheduled learning opportunities in the courses.
Comparison of Biografts and Artificial Fabrics for the Patch-graft of Diaphragmatic Defect in Cats.

横隔膜ヘルニア修復のパッチグラフト素材を検討するため, グルタール処理犬心膜 (グルタール心膜) , デナコール処理犬心膜 (デナコール心膜) , キチン・ポリエステル不織布複合体 (キチンシート) , ポリエステル不織布を用いた。 ネコの横隔膜に3×3cmのヘルニア欠損孔を実験的に作成し, それぞれのパッチグラフトをポリプロピレン縫合糸で結節縫合した。 その後グルタール心膜とデナコール心膜 (バイオグラフト) は1ヶ月, 2ヶ月, 3ヶ月および1年後に, キチンシートは1ヶ月, 1年および2年後に, またポリエステル不織布は1ヶ月および1年後にそれぞれ開胸し, パッチグラフト縫合部を肉眼的ならびに組織学的に検索した。 バイオグラフトは両者とも操作性がよく, 肉眼的には術後1ヶ月の時点で隣接横隔膜とよく癒合し, さらに組織学的には1年後には移植片に対する炎症は終息し, 生体組織と良く接合していたことからパッチグラフト素材として適していると思われた。 キチンシートおよびポリエステル不織布は操作性や臨床経過に問題はなく, 肉眼所見でも周囲組織とよく癒合していたが, 2年あるいは1年後の組織学的所見で炎症の継続がみられた。
Maximizing system productivity and profitability through crop intensification and diversification with rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems in acid soils of Assam

A field experiment was conducted for 6 consecutive years during 200809 to 201314, at Jorhat, Assam, to study the soil fertility, system productivity and profitability through crop intensification and diversification with rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping system under irrigated medium land acid soil situation of Assam. From the pool analysis of data, it was observed that rice-equivalent yield, system productivity and nutrient-use productivity were found to be the highest in winter ricecabbage [Brassica oleracea (L.) greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] (REY 17.72 t/ha) sequence, followed by winter ricechilli (Capsicum annuum L.)blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] sequence (REY 14.37 t/ha) among the 8 cropping sequences under study. There were improvements in post harvest physico-chemical properties of soil in different rice-based cropping systems. Significant variation with 34.0, 36.9 and 65.5% increase in available N, P O and K O, respectively, were recorded in winter riceradish 2 5 2 (Raphanus sativus L.)French beangreengram sequences over initial status of soil. Total uptake of nutrients were also the highest of winter riceradishFrench beangreengram sequence followed by winter riceknolkhol [Brassica oleracea L. convar. acephala (L.) Alef. Var. gongylodes L. ]French beancowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ] (fodder) sequence. Economic analysis of the systems revealed that the highest gross returns (210.8 103 /ha), net returns (145.1 103 /ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.21) were recorded in winter ricecabbage greengram sequence under irrigated medium land situation of Assam.
On equity crowdfunding: investor rationality and success factors

Abstract Based on observations from four European equity crowdfunding platforms, this study assesses crowdinvestors’ ability to interpret signals associated with firm and owner attributes, financial statements, and social networking activity when selecting investment opportunities. It was found that crowdinvestors attempt to reduce risk by choosing larger firms managed by experienced and educated managements who maintain a relatively large equity stake post-offering, while maximizing returns by picking projects with better growth opportunities (for example, young firms with higher expected margins and reasonably high sales growth forecasts). These results suggest that participants in the crowdfunding market are rational, interpreting signals derived from firm attributes and financial statements in appropriate ways to minimize risk and maximize returns. The firm’s and entrepreneur’s social networks also has a strong influence on investment decisions, so much so that the inclusion of this variable weakens the impacts of firm size, expected sales growth and margin on campaign success. This suggests the possibility that social media provide investors with an opportunity to validate otherwise less credible information.
Evidence Versus Practice: Operative Treatment Preferences in Hallux Valgus

Background: There is substantial variability in the operative treatment of hallux valgus despite the existence of high quality evidence to guide treatment decisions. The purpose of this study was to determine the current trends in the treatment of mild, moderate, and severe hallux valgus and if greater degrees of consensus correlate with the presence of higher-level evidence. Methods: Members of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society completed a 14-item survey. A total of 131 (14%) of 922 members completed the survey. Three cases representing 3 stages of HV were presented, and respondents selected their preferred treatment. Preferred forms of proximal and distal metatarsal osteotomies, as well as mode of fixation for each, were inquired. Results: In the treatment of mild hallux valgus without second metatarsalgia, 80% of those surveyed chose a distal metatarsal osteotomy, while, if second metatarsalgia was present, 56% chose a distal metatarsal osteotomy with a second metatarsal-shortening osteotomy. In the treatment of moderate hallux valgus, there was generally less consensus, while, in the treatment of severe hallux valgus, a majority of those surveyed chose a Lapidus procedure, with the addition of a second metatarsal-shortening osteotomy in the presence of second metatarsalgia. The most popular distal and proximal metatarsal osteotomies, respectively, were chevron osteotomy (80%) and opening wedge osteotomy (33%). The presence of Level I evidence did not significantly correlate with higher degrees of consensus. Conclusion: Despite the existence of high-quality evidence supporting the use of certain procedures in the treatment of HV, there exists an apparent lack of consensus among surgeons about the choice of surgical procedures. Moreover, higher-level evidence was not correlated with greater consensus in hallux valgus. Level of Evidence: Level II.
Memory, Amnesia and the Hippocampal System

damage which is so clearly presented in other textbooks, for example Jennett and Teasdale. Some chapters, at the other extreme, are essentially anecdotal. The author of a chapter on drug treatment states that: "only in the past year have attempts been made to set the actual practice of neuropharmacology into a modem theoretical framework, presented in a comprehensive format for clinicians who work with TBI patients", citing his own paper to support this statement. There follows a distinctly idiosyncratic, clinically based account in which psychostimulants are said to be "extremely useful", buspirone to be the treatment of choice in akathisia and amantandine in agitation. Neuropsychological concepts are used loosely and sometimes misleadingly, for example in repeated references to procedural learning in various chapters. There is a useful chapter on family adjustment following head injury, and an interesting attempt, in another chapter, to equate the concept of handicap with community integration. However, this book fails to instantiate the clear, goal-directed, multi-disciplinary approach which it should be advocating in the rehabilitation process. One gets little idea of what actually goes on in a team meeting or in therapy. Rehabilitation is a difficult subject to write about. CHRIS WARD
Demography, Asset Allocation, and Investment Horizon: Enduring Lessons from Long History

One and a half centuries of evidence suggests that only individuals who start saving for retirement in the later (early) stages of population busts (booms) spend most of their retirement planning phase in bull stock markets with tame inflation and thus benefit greatly from investing in stocks. Demography, particularly the proportional size of aggregate savers as measured by the ratio of the middle-aged to young populations, is a critical, pertinent determinant of intergenerational variations in retirement planning results. Savers, particularly those who do not have a long planning horizon, should incorporate demography in determining the weight of asset classes in their retirement portfolios. TOPICS: Retirement, portfolio construction