Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Value Congruence in the Egyptian Hotel Industry: The Role of Transformational and Transactional Leadership

This paper aims at investigating leader-follower value congruence in the Egyptian hotel industry. The impact of employees’ cultural values (power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and individualism vs. collectivism) on their perception of the appropriate leadership style (transactional and transformational leadership style) was theoretically discussed and empirically tested. To date, no studies have sought to link these two constructs (leadership styles and employees' cultural values), and therefore no model exists to theoretically and/or practically link these concepts within the hospitality industry in Egypt, a gap this paper aims to fill. A structured questionnaire derived from an extensive literature review was completed by employees in five star hotels. A total of 500 responses were obtained. One hundred uncompleted questionnaires were eliminated leaving 400 usable questionnaires with a response rate of 80%. Reliability of the variables was analyzed by employing Cronbach’s alpha method, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to test the dimensional structure of the study variables, and finally, Path analysis in structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to assess the research hypotheses. The results of the current study give an evidence that might help hotel managers to adopt certain leadership styles to fit with the employees’ cultural values. The implications of the current study results were then discussed and interpreted.
Social Networks and the Targeting of Illegal Electoral Strategies

Although social networks have been shown to have positive effects on a number of metrics related to politics, the same network structures that facilitate cooperation and the transmission of information in established democracies may also make it easier for politicians in consolidating democracies to identify and monitor voters for vote buying and coercion. The literature on social networks as a means of targeting for these strategies have mainly focused on explaining patronage using politician networks or voter ties to politicians. These models have not addressed the role of voter social networks, nor why some individuals are targeted for coercion while others are targeted for vote buying. This paper extends the current literature by showing that there are important features of social networks at the individual level and that these networks affect politician costs for targeting voters for one strategy or another. Using a survey of 864 households conducted in Isabela Province, Philippines, I find that individuals with more social ties are disproportionately targeted for vote buying, while individuals who discuss politics with their network are targeted for electoral violence or intimidation. Understanding these mechanisms is important because politicians can take advantage of such network ties to engage in electoral strategies that subvert democratic processes.
The Infl uence of Ethnicity on the Reporting of Intellectual Capital ( Kesan Etnik ke atas Pelaporan Modal Intelek )

In the 21st century, Intellectual Capital (IC), which comprised of human, structural and relational capitals, has become a source of predictors for future performance. The role of IC for future performance prediction surpasses traditional measures, such as physical and fi nancial capital. This study investigates whether the ethnicity of directors, which include chief fi nancial offi cers, chairman and audit committees, infl uences the amount of IC disclosure at the fi rm level. This study adopts a quantitative research approach, whereby level of IC disclosure is measured based upon the content analysis of corporate annual reports from 77 technology based companies in Malaysia. Malaysia is used as the setting for this study due to its ethnic diversity and the fact that the ethnic groups, to some extent, maintain their original cultural values. A ranked regression of normal scores is utilized to examine the relationship between the levels of IC disclosure and ethnicity. The study fi nds that a signifi cant relationship exists between ethnicity of some directors and levels of IC disclosure.
Strategies to Improve Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes in the Pre-Hospital Environment – Part A: Pharmaceutical Strategies

Introduction Historically, survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have been low. In recent times, survival rates have increased substantially in some small population pockets, which sparked general interest in this field and the volume of research increased. Included was an increase in the number of strategies being investigated to improve outcomes. The aim of this review is to assemble these strategies and consolidate the findings of the pharmaceutical strategies. Methods This is a systematic search and review, rather than a systematic review. Four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Informit, Scopus) were searched for papers published between 2007 and 2017 containing strategies that may be used by paramedics when resuscitating adult (18+ years) patients in cardiac arrest from presumed cardiac aetiology in the out-of-hospital environment. The search was undertaken in February 2017. Five separate search concepts were used on all databases. Each concept consisted of multiple search terms. Results This review identified 28 separate studies for final review, which formulated six strategies. These were: use of a modified resuscitation protocol; use of a mechanical chest compression device; intra-thoracic pressure regulation; vasopressin administration; thrombolysis administration; application of therapeutic hypothermia. This paper reports on the full results of the pharmaceutical strategies (vasopressin or thrombolysis administration). Part B will address the non-pharmaceutical strategies. Conclusion There is no evidence to support the introduction of vasopressin or thrombolysis use during OHCA. Future studies should focus on study design and specific patient subsets.
Ghost crab burrow density at Watamu Marine National Park: An indicator of the impact of urbanisation and associated disturbance?

Ghost crab (Ocypode species) burrow densities have previously been used as an indicator of anthropogenic impact. This study aimed to assess the burrow density of Ocypode species (O. ryderi and O. cordimanus) at four sites across Watamu Marine National Park, Kenya. Two sites were in front of hotel complexes (denoting a high degree of urbanisation), and two were in front of residential housing among coastal scrub (denoting a low degree of urbanisation). The findings reveal significantly higher burrow densities at sites in front of residential housing, which was the less developed area. This provides further evidence that Ocypode burrow densities can be used, where other methods would be impractical, to estimate the impact of some human activities along beach fronts, such as at Watamu Marine National Park.
SOIL AMELIORANT, FERTILIZER APPROACHES AND IRRIGATION METHODS: CONTEMPORARY APPROACH TOWARDS PROFITABILITY OF SWEET CORN (ZEA MAYS SACCHARATA L.) UNDER KONKAN CONDITION

Two years field investigation was carried out on lateritic soils of Konkan at Department of Agronomy, Dr. BSKKV, Dapoli to assess impact of soil ameliorant, fertilizer approaches and irrigation methods on yield potential and profitability of sweet corn. The results revealed that drip irrigated sweet corn sown on soil ameliorated with 50% lime requirement and supplied with soil test based fertilizer requirement of N,P,K and micronutrients (Cu, Zn, B and Mn) recorded the highest yield of the produce. While ,drip irrigated corn grown on soil ameliorated with 25% lime requirement and supplied with soil test based fertilizer requirement of N,P,K and micronutrients (Cu, Zn, B and Mn) noticed profitable yield potential with higher B:C ratio of 2.16 and 2.24 during the year 2013-13 and 2013-14, respectively. Check basin irrigated sweet corn sown on no lime applied soil and no fertilizer application unable to reach their level of significance.
Impact of Project and Programme Aid on Economic Growth: A Cross Country Analysis

This study examines the impact of foreign aid instruments, namely Project Aid and Programme Aid, on economic growth of 27 aid-receiving countries. The study constructs a system of three equations, i.e. growth, investment and human capital. Using the Generalised Method of Moment estimation technique, the study concludes that while Project Aid has a positive and significant impact on economic growth, Programme Aid has an insignificant impact on economic growth. Additionally, the study finds that economic policies do enhance effectiveness of aid at aggregate level. Therefore, the capacity of aid-recipient countries to effectively use their resources for economic development needs due consideration.
Revisiting DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay as a useful tool in antioxidant evaluation: A new IC100 concept to address its limitations

The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay has been widely used in antioxidant evaluation. However, it suffers from certain limitations that are addressed in this contribution. The limitations discussed in this work were the ratio of DPPH radicals to antioxidants and the presence of pigments in the reaction medium which interferes with absorbance readings. To do so, we used eight different concentrations of DPPH solution. The modified DPPH assay proposes a new concept, IC100, that is defined as the amount of DPPH radical required to oxidize all antioxidants present in the reaction medium. The modified DPPH assay does not suffer from an underestimation of antioxidant activity found in the original DPPH procedure due to the decrease in the ratio of DPPH radicals to antioxidants. Moreover, the modified method was not influenced by interference from coexisting pigments in the measurement of radical scavenging potential of extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to effectively resolve the above-mentioned limitations of the DPPH assay.
Institute of Basic Preclinical Sciences " Victoria de Girón "

Obesity, "epidemic of the XXI century", affects the cardiovascular system, whose diseases are among the leading causes of morbimortality in most developed countries, as well as in some developing nations such as Cuba, where mortality rate of cardiovascular causes reached 228.2 every 100000 inhabitants in 2018. Classification: observational of prevalence, descriptive-correlational; transversal; and applied. Objective: To describe functional cardiac modifications associated with overnutrition and expressed during and after physical effort, Havana, Cuba. Population: 102 subjects who attended said laboratory with to have a periodical health follow-up from January 2017 to April 2018, of 30-70 years of age, without personal history of ischemic heart disease or contraindications to perform an Exercise Stress Test, and in whose attention the researchers participated. Method: Anamnesis, physical exam, bioimpedance and exercise stress test. The subjects were classified according to body fat percentage: groups N (normal), H (high) and V (very high). Results: 83 subjects completed the study, predominating women and subjects of 50-59 years of age. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were overnutrition, sedentary lifestyle and hypertension. Functional capacity was diminished with the increase in body fat percentage (BFP). In subjects of group N there was no ST-segment deviation. 18 subjects presented arrhythmia during and after the exercise, among them 88,2% had a BFP higher than normal; the most frequent arrhythmias were sinus tachycardia and ventricular extrasystole. Conclusions: overnutrition is associated with functional cardiac modifications that imply an increase of cardiovascular risk, with decreased exercise tolerance and augmented incidence of ischemia and cardiac arrhythmias.
The McGarvey problem in judgement aggregation

`Judgement aggregation' is a model of social choice where the space of social alternatives is the set of consistent truth-valuations (`judgements') on a family of logically interconnected propositions. It is well-known that propositionwise majority voting can yield logically inconsistent judgements. We show that, for a variety of spaces, propositionwise majority voting can yield any possible judgement. By considering the geometry of sub-polytopes of the Hamming cube, we also estimate the number of voters required to achieve all possible judgements. These results generalize the classic results of McGarvey (1953) and Stearns (1959).
Effective Reparameterized Importance Sampling for Spatial Generalized Linear Mixed Models with Parametric Links

Spatial generalized linear mixed models (SGLMMs) have been popular for analyzing non-Gaussian spatial data observed in a continuous region. These models assume a prescribed link function that relates the underlying spatial random field with the mean response. On the other hand, there are circumstances, such as when the data contain outlying observations, where the use of a prescribed link function can result in a poor fit which can be improved by the use of a parametric link function. In this paper we present different sensible choices of parametric link functions which possess certain desirable properties. It is important to estimate the parameters of the link function, rather than assume a known value. To that end, we present a generalized importance sampling (GIS) estimator based on multiple Markov chains for an empirical Bayes analysis of SGLMMs. It turns out that the GIS estimator, although more efficient than simple importance sampling, can be highly variable when it is used to estimate the parameters of certain link functions. We propose two modified GIS estimators based on suitable reparameterizations (transformations) of the Monte Carlo samples. These transformations are also used to eliminate the well-known separability problem of Geyer's (1994) reverse logistic regression estimator. We also provide a new method based on Laplace approximation for choosing the multiple importance densities (or skeleton points) in the GIS estimator. Finally, we discuss a methodology for selecting models with appropriate link function family, which extends to choosing a spatial correlation function as well. The proposed estimators and methodology are illustrated using both simulation and real data examples.
Inhalation Exposure and Respiratory Protection of Home Healthcare Workers Administering Aerosolized Medications (Simulation Study)

ABSTRACT There is little information regarding aerosol exposure from using medical nebulizers and the factors affecting the risk of exposure, especially for treatments performed in a patient’s home environment. Home healthcare workers (HHWs) are a rapidly growing work population often exposed to aerosol hazards. Thus, we designed a simulated environment to measure the aerosol inhalation exposure of an HHW administering pressure-nebulized medications. We determined the relative contributions of different factors to aerosol reduction, namely, the room air exchange rate, proximity to the patient, and patient breathing rate, in an exposure chamber simulating a patient’s bedroom. Additionally, the performance of respiratory protective devices worn by an HHW, a surgical mask and N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR), was evaluated using NaCl as a well-established surrogate. The particle concentration in the breathing zone of an unprotected worker ranged from 7,118 to 284,600 cm–3. The proximity to the aerosol source affected the aerosol concentration, but the influence of this factor diminished when the distance increased beyond 24 inches. For an unprotected HHW, ventilation was the most effective way to reduce exposure to nebulizer-produced medical aerosols. An increase in the air exchange rate from 0 to 5 h–1 significantly reduced the exposure; however, a further increase (to 17 h–1) produced only a small reduction in the particle concentration. Therefore, no evidence suggests that patient homes require extremely efficient ventilation to mitigate HHWs’ exposure to nebulizer-produced medications. Increasing the patient’s breathing flow rate reduced the aerosol inhalation exposure; however, this factor cannot be controlled, which weakens its practical viability. Wearing respiratory protection devices was found to be the most efficient way to reduce aerosol exposure (within the set of tested variables). As expected, an N95 FFR with a proper seal was about 20-fold more efficient than a surgical mask.
Relationship between Writing Self-Efficacy and Writing Fluency in a Performance Feedback Intervention

National assessments have shown that a significant number of students are writing at a level below proficiency (National Center for Education Statistics, 2012; Persky, Daane, & Jin, 2003). The primary purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of the role of writing selfefficacy in relation to elementary-aged students’ writing fluency outcomes when they are receiving a performance feedback intervention. The study used secondary data collected from two larger studies, resulting in a final sample of 138 third-grade students from two cohorts. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine whether students’ writing self-efficacy would predict their writing fluency outcomes in response to a performance feedback intervention. Results indicated that students’ writing self-efficacy was not a statistically significant predictor of writing fluency when students’ pre-intervention spelling and compositional skills were controlled for.
Efficiency of the diode laser in preventing orthodontic induced pain inSulaimani city: In vivo, comparative study

Objective: This clinical study was conducted to assess the efficiency of diode lasers (940 nm) in preventing orthodontic induced pain. Orthodontic induced pain acts as a barrier for orthodontic therapy, Painless procedures ensure patient satisfaction toward orthodontics which subsequently, improves the quality of oral health. Materials and methods: One hundred twenty orthodontic patients were included and randomly allocated into 4 equal groups (Study, Laser-Placebo, Analgesic, and control groups). A laser beam was applied in contact mode for 1 min duration on the study group. Pain experience was evaluated using a standardized self-administered questionnaire following the Universal Pain Assessment Tool guidelines. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (V. 22). Results: The highest level of pain was experienced at the second day after arch-wire insertion. At the third day a radical decline in pain sensation was observed in the study group, with maximum pain relief at the fourth day, the difference being considered statistically significant at P value ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: The application of Laser therapy was found to be more effective in subsiding orthodontic induced pain than analgesics, taking into consideration the pharmaceutical side effects of analgesics.
The association of serological tests and anemia in celiac disease

Aim: Celiac disease (CD) is a common immune-mediated enteropathy caused by gluten. These patients may apply with many different clinical forms. The aim of this study is to determine the association of serological tests and type of anemia in CD. Methods: Totally117 biopsy proven CD patients aged between 1-17 years were included. Serological and hematological parameters of all patients were studied. Results: Anemia was identified in 71 (60.7%) cases. Patients with anemia were diagnosed earlier than other patients (5.2±4.5 vs. 15.3±33.8 years, p=0.012). Among CD patients with anemia 39 (54.9%) were having iron deficiency, 22 (30.9%) were having folate deficiency and 10 (14%) were having vitamin B 12 deficiency. In patients with tissue transglutaminase (tTG) seropositivity serum iron levels and ferritin levels were significantly lower compared to anti-gliadin antibody (AGA) or anti-endomysium antibody (EMA) seropositivity (35±23.5 vs. 57.5±33.3, p=0.007 and 12.4±21.9 vs. 24.2±18.5, p=0.026, respectively). Low serum folate levels were more frequent in the presence of tTG seropositivity compared with AGA+EMA seropositivity (81.8% vs. 25%, p=0.015). Conclusions: Anemia is an important cause of admission in CD. These patients are diagnosed earlier as a result of anemia. Alone tTG seropositivity is more valuable to demonstrate anemia associated with iron or folate deficiencies.
The role of Resilience between Workplace Bullying and Health: A Mediational Analysis

Workplace bullying is a serious problem that may arise within any occupation or organisation. Situations of workplace bullying are highly stressful and affect the health of workers who experience them in a negative way. Resilience has beenidentified as an essential capacity to protect people’s health. This study focuses on how resilience functions in situations of workplace bullying. By means of questionnaires, information about workplace bullying behaviours, resilience, andpsychological health in a sample of 762 workers was collected. The results show that exposure to bullying behaviours is related to poorer health, and resilience has a mediating role in the relationship between workplace bullying and employees’health. Main findings, limitations, and practical consequences of this study are discussed. The results obtained may serve to assist human resources managers and professionals when they are designing programs aimed at both controlling andpreventing workplace bullying within organisations.
Impact of socio-demographic and economic factors on the prevalence of intestinal parasites among the female gender in Makurdi, Benue State-Nigeria

Intestinal parasites are regarded as important public health problems in tropical Africa and cause malnutrition, diarrhea and anaemia in humans. A study and was undertaken to determine the impact of socio-demographic and economic factors on the prevalence of intestinal parasites among women in Makurdi, Benue State-Nigeria. Using formol ether concentration technique to process the faeces, an infection rate of 426 (56.80%) was recorded out of the 750 women examined. Five parasite species were found: Entamoeba coli 28.48%, Entamoeba histolytica 22.00% and Ascaris lumbricoides 17.20%. The peak prevalence of 75.00% was observed among women with no level of education, those that had primary and secondary level of education recorded 73.13% and 66.66% respectively, no significant difference was observed between infection rate and level of education(X = 85.93, P > 0.05). An infection rate of 68.60% was observed among female students. Traders, housewives and farmers recorded 65.50%, 64.50% and 60.00% respectively, there was no significant difference between the occupation of the women and prevalence of infection (X = 32.30, P > 0.05). It is recommended that government should enforce many of the docile environmental laws in order to make people live in healthy environments and observe hygiene rules which are necessary for good health and longevity.
Unfamiliar voice identification: Effect of post-event information on accuracy and voice ratings

This study addressed the effect of misleading post-event information (PEI) on voice ratings, identification accuracy, and confidence, as well as the link between verbal recall and accuracy. Participants listened to a dialogue between male and female targets, then read misleading information about voice pitch. Participants engaged in verbal recall, rated voices on a feature checklist, and made a lineup decision. Accuracy rates were low, especially on target-absent lineups. Confidence and accuracy were unrelated, but the number of facts recalled about the voice predicted later lineup accuracy. There was a main effect of misinformation on ratings of target voice pitch, but there was no effect on identification accuracy or confidence ratings. As voice lineup evidence from earwitnesses is used in courts, the findings have potential applied relevance.