Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
professional development is needed with educative curriculummaterials ? It depends upon the intended student learning outcomes

1Department of Biology Teaching and Learning, University ofMinnesota,Minneapolis,MN,USA 2College of Education and Learning Systems Institute, Florida StateUniversity, Tallahassee, Fl, USA 3Learning Research andDevelopmentCenter, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Correspondence AnitaM. Schuchardt,DepartmentofBiology TeachingandLearning,University ofMinnesota, Minneapolis,MN55455,USA. Email: aschucha@umn.edu Abstract There is little consensus on the kinds and amounts of teacher support needed to achieve desired student learning outcomes when mathematics is inserted into science classrooms.When supportedby educative curriculum materials (ECM) and heavy investment in professional development (PD), teachers implementing a unit designed around mathematical modeling of scientific mechanisms substantially increased students’ ability to make both qualitative and quantitative predictions (Schuchardt & Schunn, 2016). Because of concerns about equitable access to support resources, we investigated whether variations in PD support while retaining ECM could differentially affect two student learning outcomes: Quantitative Predictions and Qualitative Predictions. Two contrasts were performed examining: (1) the effect of reducing PD and (2) whether eliminating PD entirely caused further harm to student learning. Reducing and eliminating PDhad no significant effect on student gains inQualitative Predictions, suggesting ECM can be sufficient for teachers to support student learning of conceptual science content. However, student gains in Quantitative Predictions decreased significantly upon reducing PD; eliminating PD did not cause significant additional decreases. Combined, these findings suggest that amount of face-to face PD support necessary to achieve student-learning gains can vary depending on whether the practice requires application of qualitative science content or quantitative reasoning.
Learning Deep Policies for Robot Bin Picking by Simulating Robust Grasping Sequences

Recent results suggest that it is possible to grasp a variety of singulated objects with high precision using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) trained on synthetic data. This paper considers the task of bin picking, where multiple objects are randomly arranged in a heap and the objective is to sequentially grasp and transport each into a packing box. We model bin picking with a discrete-time Partially Observable Markov Decision Process that specifies states of the heap, point cloud observations, and rewards. We collect synthetic demonstrations of bin picking from an algorithmic supervisor uses full state information to optimize for the most robust collision-free grasp in a forward simulator based on pybullet to model dynamic object-object interactions and robust wrench space analysis from the Dexterity Network (Dex-Net) to model quasi-static contact between the gripper and object. We learn a policy by fine-tuning a Grasp Quality CNN on Dex-Net 2.1 to classify the supervisor’s actions from a dataset of 10,000 rollouts of the supervisor in the simulator with noise injection. In 2,192 physical trials of bin picking with an ABB YuMi on a dataset of 50 novel objects, we find that the resulting policies can achieve 94% success rate and 96% average precision (very few false positives) on heaps of 5-10 objects and can clear heaps of 10 objects in under three minutes. Datasets, experiments, and supplemental material are available at http://berkeleyautomation.github. io/dex-net.
Influence of different levels of humic acid and esterified glucomannan on growth performance and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens

A study was under taken to investigate the effect of dietary supplementations of humic acid and esterified glucomannan) on broiler performance and the morphological measurements of small intestine. Two hundred and ten day old broiler chicks were weighed and randomly assigned to seven treatment groups in triplicate. The dietary treatments included T1) control (basal diet without any additives), T2) basal diets supplemented with 0.1% humic acid, T3) basal diets supplemented with 0.2% humic acid, T4) basal diets supplemented with 0.3% humic acid, T5) basal diets supplemented with 0.1% esterified glucomannan, T6) basal diets supplemented with 0.2% esterified glucomannan and T7) basal diets supplemented with 0.3% esterified glucomannan. Different parameters including body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and morphology of small intestine were evaluated during six weeks of experimental period. According to the results, at the end of experimental period, the highest average BWG were recorded in T4 group (fed with 0.3% humic acid), compared to control (T1) and other experimental groups (p < 0.05). Where as, the highest body weight gain were observed during starter period in treatment 7 (fed with 0.3% esterified glucomannan) as compare to other experimental groups (p < 0.05). Statistically, feed intake remained unaffected during the experimental period in all the treatment groups. However, the lowest and the highest feed intake were observed numerically within treatments T4 and T1 with 4229.70 g and 4362.30 g, respectively. Addition of dietary supplements used in the study appeared to have significant effect on the morphology of the small intestine (jejunum mucosal development) of the broilers in different treatment groups. Compared to control group, the inclusion of either humic acid or esterified glucomannon decreased (p < 0.01) the crypt depth and increased villus height respectively (p < 0.05). More ever, the diet supplements with humic acid 0.3% (T4) decreased crypt depth compared to esterified glucomannan and control. The dietary supplementations resulted in an increase in the villus height of intestinal mucosa of broilers. The increase in the villus height was associated with improvement of growth performance for both humic acid and esterified glucomannan. Based on our results it appeared that humic acid and esterified glucomannan can be used as a growth promoter in broiler diets and they can improve the gut health too.
Key Bacterial Multi-Centered Metal Enzymes Involved in Nitrate and Sulfate Respiration

Many essential life processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen fixation, depend on transition metal ions and their ability to catalyze multi-electron redox and hydrolytic transformations. Here we review some recent structural studies on three multi-site metal enzymes involved in respiratory processes which represent important branches within the global cycles of nitrogen and sulfur: (i) the multi-heme enzyme cytochrome c nitrite reductase, (ii) the FAD, FeS-enzyme adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate reductase, and (iii) the siroheme, FeS-enzyme sulfite reductase. Structural information comes from X-ray crystallography and spectroscopical techniques, in special cases catalytically competent intermediates could be trapped and characterized by X-ray crystallography.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in thalassemia and haemodialysis patients in north Iran‐Rasht

summary. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroprevalence and risk factors in north Iran were investigated in 105 thalassemia sufferers, 93 haemodialysis patients and 5976 blood donors by second generation ELISA. Our study showed that haemodialysis patients and thalassemia sufferers were at higher risk of having HCV infection; the prevalence being 55.9% and 63.8% respectively in comparison to the prevalence of blood donors (0.5%). A confirmatory immunoblotting was employed using HCV‐positive cases (54 thalassemia sufferers and 19 blood donors). The result showed that 92.6% of samples of the first group and 10.5% of the latter were positive. Thus, it can be suggested that ELISA in low‐risk cases may produce considerable false positives. In HCV‐positive patients with thalassemia, the incidence of HCV among different age groups and genders was similar but a strong correlation in respect to the number of blood transfusion (P=0.008) was observed. In HCV‐positive haemodialysis patients, it was found that there was no correlation with liver function tests (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase: ALT and AST), but a significant correlation was observed in respect to the duration of dialysis(P=0.000) and the number of units transfused (P=0.000). Consequently, it still seems blood transfusion is the main factor for increasing the incidence of HCV in thalassemia sufferers and haemodialysis patients.
Invariant measures of groups of homeomorphisms and Auslander's conjecture

Abstract We give sufficient conditions for a group of homeomorphisms of a compact Hausdorff space to have an invariant probability measure. For a complex projective space CPn we give a necessary condition for a subgroup of Aut(CPn) to have an invariant probability measure. We discuss two approaches to Auslander's conjecture.
Orphan Nuclear Receptor TR3/Nur77 is a Specific Therapeutic Target for Hepatic Cancers.

OBJECTIVE Although great success has been achieved in cancer treatment, current cancer therapies, including anti-tumorigenesis and anti-angiogenesis, still face the problems of insufficient efficacy, resistance and intrinsic refractoriness, in addition to their toxic side effects. There is a demand to identify additional targets that can be blocked to turn off the downstream effects of most, if not all, pathways. Our previous studies suggest that orphan nuclear receptor TR3 (human) / Nur77 (mouse) is such a target. However, the correlation of TR3 expression and clinical tumor progression has not been studied. METHODS The expression of TR3 was analysed in human primary hepatic cancer specimens from patients that have complete medical records with Immunohistochemical staining. The statistical analysis was used to assess the significance of TR3 expression in tumor tissues, paratumor tissues and normal tissues, and to investigate the correlation of TR3 expression and clincopathologic characteristics. RESULTS TR3 is highly expressed in human hepatic cancer tissues, but not in normal liver tissues. The positive expression yields of TR3 are 67.67% (14/21), 19.05% (4/21) and 0% (0/10) in cancer tissues, para cancer tissues, and normal liver tissue, respectively, which are statistic significant (χ2=17.07, p<0.005). The expression of TR3 is significantly higher in cancer tissues than in para cancer tissues χ2=9.722, p<0.005) and in normal tissues (p<0.0005). The levels of TR3 expression in human hepatic cancer tissues correlates well with tumors that are at low/middle degree of tumor differentiation and have portal vein thrombosis, metastasis and recurrence, but not with age, gender, tumor number and Alpha-fetal protein (AFP) volume. CONCLUSION The results indicate that TR3 is a specific therapeutic target for hepatic cancers.
The Structure and Dynamics of Cities: Urban Data Analysis and Theoretical Modeling

With over half of the world’s population now living in urban areas, the ability to model and understand the structure and dynamics of cities is becoming increasingly valuable. Combining new data with tools and concepts from statistical physics and urban economics, this book presents a modern and interdisciplinary perspective on cities and urban systems. Both empirical observations and theoretical approaches are critically reviewed, with particular emphasis placed on derivations of classical models and results, along with analysis of their limits and validity. Key aspects of cities are thoroughly analyzed, including mobility patterns, the impact of multimodality, the coupling between different transportation modes, the evolution of infrastructure networks, spatial and social organization, and interactions between cities. Drawing upon knowledge and methods from areas of mathematics, physics, economics, and geography, the resulting quantitative description of cities will be of interest to all those studying and researching how to model these complex systems.
Collaboration and autonomy: Perceptions among nurse practitioners

Purpose: This descriptive study was designed to investigate the relationship between nurse practitioners' (NPs) perceptions of collaboration with physician colleagues and level of autonomy NP practice. Data sources: A convenience sample of 99 NPs attending a national clinical conference completed the Dempster Practice Behavior Scale (DPBS) and the Collaborative Practice Scale modified for advanced practice nurses. Conclusions: NPs rated both their perceptions of collaboration with physician colleagues and levels of autonomy as high. Yet, there was no significant correlation between these variables. Implications for practice: Collaboration between NPs and physician colleagues is said to improve the quality and cost of health outcomes and also leads to professional satisfaction. Further research into the relationships between collaboration and autonomy are necessary to understand these complex concepts.
Oncomine 3.0: genes, pathways, and networks in a collection of 18,000 cancer gene expression profiles.

DNA microarrays have been widely applied to cancer transcriptome analysis; however, the majority of such data are not easily accessible or comparable. Furthermore, several important analytic approaches have been applied to microarray analysis; however, their application is often limited. To overcome these limitations, we have developed Oncomine, a bioinformatics initiative aimed at collecting, standardizing, analyzing, and delivering cancer transcriptome data to the biomedical research community. Our analysis has identified the genes, pathways, and networks deregulated across 18,000 cancer gene expression microarrays, spanning the majority of cancer types and subtypes. Here, we provide an update on the initiative, describe the database and analysis modules, and highlight several notable observations. Results from this comprehensive analysis are available at http://www.oncomine. org.
Manipulation of Disulfide Bonds Differentially Affects the Intracellular Transport, Sorting, and Processing of Neuroendocrine Secretory Proteins

Abstract: To investigate if the prevention of disulfide bond formation affects the intracellular transport, sorting, and processing of a distinct set of neuroendocrine proteins in the regulated secretory pathway, we have treated Xenopus intermediate pituitaries with the thiol‐reducing agent dithiothreitol. Pulse‐chase incubations in combination with immunoprecipitation analysis were used to monitor the fates of the prohormone proopiomelanocortin (POMC), prohormone convertase PC2 and its helper protein 7B2, as well as secretogranin III. Manipulation of the disulfide bonds in POMC and proPC2 blocked their transport to the trans‐Golgi network and strongly inhibited their processing. Reduction of the single disulfide bond in 7B2 did not disturb its transport and cleavage, but caused its missorting to the constitutive secretory pathway. Moreover, the liaison between proPC2 and 7B2 was prevented. Dithiothreitol did not affect transport, sorting, and cleavage of secretogranin III, which lacks disulfide bonds. When the reducing agent was washed away, POMC processing, proPC2 maturation, and the association between proPC2 and 7B2 were reestablished. Collectively, our findings indicate that manipulation of disulfide bonds differentially affects the fates of neuroendocrine proteins during their transit through the secretory pathway.
Effects of Islet Isografts on Hemodynamic and Vascular Filtration Changes in Diabetic Rats

To assess the reversibility of diabetes-induced increases in regional vascular albumin permeation and blood flow and changes in kidney filtration islet isografts were given via the portal vein after 2 mo of streptozocin-induced diabetes in male Lewis rats. One month later, vascular function was assessed in control rats, islet-transplanted diabetic rats, and untreated diabetic rats (6–9 rats/group). Untreated diabetic rats were markedly hyperglycemic, hyperphagic, and polyuric. Transplanted rats were euglycemic within 6 days; 24-h urine volumes were virtually normalized by 2 wk and food consumption was normalized 4 wk after transplantation. Vascular albumin permeation in diabetic rats was significantly increased 1.4- to 1.7-fold in anterior uvea, choroid, retina, sciatic nerve, new granulation tissue, and kidney and was increased 1.1- to 1.3-fold in diaphragm, cecum, and optic nerve. Albumin permeation was not increased in aorta, brain, heart, or forelimb skeletal muscle. Islet transplants significantly reduced but did not completely normalize vascular albumin permeation in most tissues in which it was increased by diabetes but had no effect onalbumin permeation in optic nerve, sciatic nerve, and diaphragm. Urinary excretion of endogenous albumin and IgG in diabetic rats was significantly increased 19- and 14-fold, respectively, and wasvirtually normalized 4 days after islet transplantation. Marked (1.8-fold) increases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diabetic rats were also substantially reduced by islet transplants butremained elevated 1.4-fold control values. Likewise, diabetes-induced increases in regional blood flow were reduced in general but not normalized by islet transplants. These observations indicate that 1) diabetes-induced hemodynamic changes and alterations in vascular filtration function are not rapidly reversed by euglycemia after islet transplantation, 2) diabetes-induced increases inurinary albumin and IgG excretion are more readily normalized by euglycemia than increases in GFR and renal 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin (125I-BSA) filtration, and 3) significant increases in GFR and renal 125I-BSA filtration may not be manifested by albuminuria.
Intraperitoneal pyrophosphate treatment reduces renal calcifications in Npt2a null mice

Mutations in the proximal tubular sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporters NPT2a and NPT2c have been reported in patients with renal stone disease and nephrocalcinosis, however the relative contribution of genotype, dietary calcium and phosphate, and modifiers of mineralization such as pyrophosphate (PPi) to the formation of renal mineral deposits is unclear. In the present study, we used Npt2a-/- mice to model the renal calcifications observed in these disorders. We observed elevated urinary excretion of PPi in Npt2a-/- mice when compared to WT mice. Presence of two hypomorphic Extracellular nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (Enpp1asj/asj) alleles decreased urine PPi and worsened renal calcifications in Npt2a-/- mice. These studies suggest that PPi is a thus far unrecognized factor protecting Npt2a-/- mice from the development of renal mineral deposits. Consistent with this conclusion, we next showed that renal calcifications in these mice can be reduced by intraperitoneal administration of sodium pyrophosphate. If confirmed in humans, urine PPi could therefore be of interest for developing new strategies to prevent the nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis seen in phosphaturic disorders.
Stereotype Embodiment

Researchers have increasingly turned their attention from younger individuals who hold age stereotypes to older individuals who are targeted by these stereotypes. The refocused research has shown that positive and negative age stereotypes held by older individuals can have beneficial and detrimental effects, respectively, on a variety of cognitive and physical outcomes. Drawing on these experimental and longitudinal studies, a theory of stereotype embodiment is presented here. It proposes that stereotypes are embodied when their assimilation from the surrounding culture leads to self-definitions that, in turn, influence functioning and health. The theory has four components: The stereotypes (a) become internalized across the life span, (b) can operate unconsciously, (c) gain salience from self-relevance, and (d) utilize multiple pathways. The central message of the theory, and the research supporting it, is that the aging process is, in part, a social construct.
An update on the pharmacotherapy options for pediatric diabetes

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a frequent endocrine disease during childhood and adolescence. Achieving a good glycemic control is of paramount importance to avoid short- and long-term complications and to allow a normal growth and quality of life. Areas covered: This review offers an update on current available treatment strategies for type 1 and type 2 diabetes approved for use in children and adolescents. Expert opinion: Although many progresses have been made in the field of diabetes management in children and adolescents, there are still several problems to deal with. With regard to type 1 diabetes, insulin remains the main and essential therapeutic strategy. However, the main issue is to develop a system that allows more physiological insulin coverage and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. Adjunct therapies would be invaluable for patients struggling to achieve an acceptable glycemic control. Treatment of type 2 diabetes is based on lifestyle interventions and metformin is the first-line drug for children older than 10 years. As for type 1 diabetes, there is a strong need for developing new drugs to be used alone or in combination.
PREDICTION OF ACCRUAL CLOSURE DATE IN MULTI-CENTER CLINICAL TRIALS WITH POISSON PROCESS MODELS

Objective: To develop a systematic statistical approach to estimate accrual closure date in large scale multi-center clinical trials or large public health studies. It is relevant to the research in public health. Background: In a typical multi-center cancer clinical trial or large public health study, sample size is predetermined to achieve desired power and study participants are enrolled from hundreds of satellite sites. As the accrual is closing to the target size, the coordinating data center needs to project an accrual closure date based on observed accrual pattern and notify participating sites several weeks in advance. In the past, projections were simply based on some crude assessment and conservative measures were incorporated in order to achieve the target accrual size. The resulted excessive accrual size usually leads to unnecessary budget increase considering that the coordinating center needs to pay thousands of dollars for each accrued participant.Method: For multi-center clinical trials, there is very small probability for a site to accrue a patient during a short period and mostly the accrual from different sites is mostly independent from each other. Therefore, the overall accrual could be modeled by a Poisson process. Based on accrual data collected up to a time point, a Poisson process-based method was used to analyze the past accrual pattern. Combining with assumption on the future accruing pattern, two methods were proposed here to predict the accrual closure date. The estimates and their confidence intervals were used to guide clinical practice. The proposed methods were illustrated through analysis of accrual data from NSABP trials B-38 and C-08.