Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic Characterization of Human α1,3-Fucosyltransferase Fuc-TVII Synthesized in a B Cell Lymphoma Cell Line*

The human α1,3-fucosyltransferase, Fuc-TVII, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of selectin ligands, was expressed as a soluble protein-A chimeric form in a human B cell lymphoma cell line, Namalwa KJM-1, and purified using IgG-Sepharose. The enzymatic properties of recombinant soluble Fuc-TVII were then examined. Its enzyme activity was highest at pH 7.5, and the presence of 25 mm Mn2+ was required for full activity. Fuc-TVII exhibits an acceptor specificity restricted to α2,3-sialylated type 2 oligosaccharides, and the apparentK m values for α2,3-sialyl lacto-N-neotetraose and GDP-fucose were 3.08 mmand 16.4 μm, respectively. The inhibitory effects of various nucleotides on the activity of Fuc-TVII reflected its donor specificity for the nucleotide portion of GDP. Fuc-TVII was demonstrated to be useful for the synthesis of a sialyl Lewis x hexasaccharide from lacto-N-neotetraose in combination with an α2,3-sialyltransferase, ST3Gal IV. Polyethylene glycols enhanced the thermal stability of Fuc-TVII, leading to increased formation of the reaction product.
Perceptual skill in soccer: Implications for talent identification and development

In this review, key components of perceptual skill in soccer are identified and implications for talent identification and development highlighted. Skilled soccer players can recall and recognize patterns of play more effectively than their less skilled counterparts. This ability to encode, retrieve and recognize sport-specific information is due to complex and discriminating long-term memory structures and is crucial to anticipation in soccer. Similarly, experts use their knowledge of situational probabilities (i.e. expectations) to anticipate future events. They have a better than average idea of what is likely to happen given a particular set of circumstances. Also, proficiency-related differences in visual search strategy are observed. Skilled players use their superior knowledge to control the eye movement patterns necessary for seeking and picking up important sources of information.The nature of the task plays an important role in constraining the type of search used. Skilled soccer players use different search strategies when viewing the whole field (i.e. 11 vs 11 situations) compared with micro-states of the game (i.e. 1 vs 1,3 vs 3 situations). Visual search behaviour also differs between defensive and offensive plays. These observations have implications for the development of perceptual training programmes and the identification of potential elite soccer players.
Novel Cyclovirus in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid, Malawi, 2010–2011

To identify unknown human viruses, we analyzed serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with unexplained paraplegia from Malawi by using viral metagenomics. A novel cyclovirus species was identified and subsequently found in 15% and 10% of serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples, respectively. These data expand our knowledge of cyclovirus diversity and tropism.
Young‐Old versus Old‐Old and the Use of Health Services. Does the Difference Make a Difference? *

The literature indicates the necessity for different levels of health service for various age cohorts among the elderly. The present study concerns the relationship between age cohorts and the use of community‐based ancillary health services in comparison with other enabling, predisposing, and health status factors. In a probability sample of Western Canadian older persons, three enabling variables were found to be most closely associated with the use of such health service, i.e., knowledge of health services, education, and monthly family income. Age differences among the elderly, a predisposing variable, were unrelated. Implications for the delivery of health services are discussed.
Extensive functional analyses of RHD splice site variants: Insights into the potential role of splicing in the physiology of Rh

Among more than 300 mutated alleles identified so far within the RHD gene, almost 40 are assumed to alter cellular splicing and therefore may have a direct effect on Rh phenotype both at the quantitative and at the qualitative levels. Functional data are, however, mostly unavailable to assess the direct involvement of splicing defect in the underlying physiology.
Marker-Based, 3-D Adaptive Cartesian Grid Method for Multiphase Flow around Irregular Geometries

Computational simulations of multiphase flow are challenging because many practical applications require adequate resolution of not only interfacial physics associated with moving boundaries with possible topological changes, but also around three-dimensional, irregular solid geometries. In this paper, we focus on the simulations of fluid/fluid dynamics around complex geometries, based on an Eulerian-Lagrangian framework. The approach uses two independent but related grid layouts to track the interfacial and solid boundary conditions, and is capable of capturing interfacial as well as multiphase dynamics. In particular, the stationary Cartesian grid with time dependent, local adaptive refinement is utilized to handle the computation of the transport equations, while the interface shape and movement are treated by marker-based triangulated surface meshes which freely move and interact with the Cartesian grid. The markers are also used to identify the location of solid boundaries and enforce the no-slip condition there. Issues related to the contact line treatment, topological changes of multiphase fronts during merger or breakup of objects, and necessary data structures and solution techniques are also highlighted. Selected test cases including spacecraft fuel tank flow management, and movement and rupture of interfaces associated with liquid plug flow are presented.
Divergent selection for immune responsiveness in chickens: estimation of realized heritability with an animal model.

With the aim of improving general disease resistance, chickens were divergently selected for their antibody titers 5 d after immunization with sheep red blood cells for nine generations. Selected and control lines differed significantly for primary and secondary responses after three generations. Heritability of the antibody titer was estimated by REML fitting an animal model using a derivative-free algorithm. The heritability estimate using data on all lines simultaneously was . 31. Realized heritability of the antibody titer in the selected lines was estimated by using either the phenotypic cumulative response as the deviation from the control line or the mean breeding values obtained with an animal model. Values from the two methods were consistent, giving a realized heritability of . 21 and . 25 in the high and low lines, respectively. The genetic trend was not linear and the response to selection tended to accelerate over generations.
Maternal Fear Associated with Pregnancy and Childbirth in Hong Kong Chinese Women

ABSTRACT Background: Women's fear toward pregnancy and childbirth is a common and important health concern. This study examined the objects, causes, and manifestations of maternal fears and their associated demographic factors in a sample of Hong Kong Chinese pregnant women. Methods: Three hundred Chinese pregnant women were recruited in an obstetric unit in Hong Kong in 2003. Data were collected using a 73-item questionnaire. Principal components factor analysis was applied to identify the objects, causes, and manifestations of fear toward pregnancy and childbirth. Results: The mean maternal age was 30 (SD 5.6) years. All participants reported some degree of fear. The main objects of fear were “fear of childbirth” and “child's and mother's wellbeing. ” The first factor identified for causes of fear was “negative stories,” followed by “negative attitude or mood. ” Regarding the various manifestations of fear, “stress symptoms” and “wish to avoid pregnancy and childbirth” ranked highest. Twenty-two percent of participants had considered requesting an elective cesarean section due to fear of childbirth. Conclusions: Even in a group of low-risk pregnant women, fear toward pregnancy and childbirth was frequently experienced. Better strategies to address women's psychological needs during pregnancy are warranted.
Attributes of clinical leadership in contemporary nursing: An integrative review

Abstract Effective clinical leadership is offered as the key to healthy, functional and supportive work environments for nurses and other health professionals. However, as a concept it lacks a standard definition and is poorly understood. This paper reports on an integrative review undertaken to uncover current understandings of defining attributes of contemporary clinical leadership in nursing. Data collection involved a search of relevant electronic databases for a 10-year period. Keywords for the search were ‘clinical leadership’ and ‘nursing’. Ten research papers met the inclusion criteria for the integrative review. Analysis of these studies indicated clinical leadership attributes had a clinical focus, a follower/team focus or a personal qualities focus; attributes necessary to sustain supportive workplaces and build the capacity and resilience of nursing workforces. The small number of research-based studies yielded for the review indicates the need for further research in the area of clinical leadership.
Contrast Media‐Induced Ventricular Fibrillation

Hayakawa K, Yamashita K. Contrast media‐induced ventricular fibrillation. Invest Radiol 1988;23(Suppl 1):S144‐S146. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation with various contrast media (CM) was assessed by canine right coronary arteriography. After the catheter was impacted into the right coronary artery, it was infused continuously with CM for 25 seconds or until fibrillation occurred. The incidences of ventricular fibrillation were significantly higher with high‐osmolality CM and low‐osmolality CM without sodium ions than with low‐osmolality CM containing a physiologic amount of sodium ions. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation was suggested to be related to hyperosmolality and the absence of sodium ions even in low‐osmolality CM.
Unmet needs in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: a longitudinal perspective

Background This study aimed to identify the course of unmet needs by patients with a first episode of schizophrenia and to determine associated variables. Method We investigated baseline assessments in the European First Episode Schizophrenia Trial (EUFEST) and also follow-up interviews at 6 and 12 months. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify patient groups based on individual differences in the development of unmet needs. Multinomial logistic regression determined the predictors of group membership. Results Four classes were identified. Three differed in their baseline levels of unmet needs whereas the fourth had a marked decrease in such needs. Main predictors of class membership were prognosis and depression at baseline, and the quality of life and psychosocial intervention at follow-up. Depression at follow-up did not vary among classes. Conclusions We identified subtypes of patients with different courses of unmet needs. Prognosis of clinical improvement was a better predictor for the decline in unmet needs than was psychopathology. Needs concerning social relationships were particularly persistent in patients who remained high in their unmet needs and who lacked additional psychosocial treatment.
Medication Errors in Intravenous Drug Preparation and Administration: A Brief Review

Medication errors in intravenous drug administration can be defined as any mistakes in the preparation, dispensing and administration of these drugs. Medication errors can be classified based on the stage of intravenous therapy in which the error occurs (pre-preparation phase, preparation of medication by nurse, drug labelling, and drug administration). In intravenously administered medications, errors may have particularly serious consequences. Medication errors are more likely to be recorded during the morning hours. Inappropriate speed of administration was found to be the most common type of error in intravenously administered drugs, with slow bolus injection being the route of administration associated with the most risk. Greater safety of the medication process can be achieved by eliminating risk factors and by using different strategies to detect errors. In addition to eliminating the most dangerous human risk factors (work overload of nurses, their fatigue, and general lack of personnel), the use of various supportive technologies, such as computerized prescription of drugs, barcode scanning, and the use of electronic infusion pumps, effectively decreases the risk of medication errors.
Nesfatin‐1 Influences the Excitability of Paraventricular Nucleus Neurones

Nesfatin‐1 is a newly‐discovered satiety peptide found in several nuclei of the hypothalamus, including the paraventricular nucleus. To begin to understand the physiological mechanisms underlying these satiety‐inducing actions, we examined the effects of nesfatin‐1 on the excitability of neurones in the paraventricular nucleus. Whole‐cell current‐clamp recordings from rat paraventricular nucleus neurones showed nesfatin‐1 to have either hyperpolarising or depolarising effects on the majority of neurones tested. Both types of response were observed in neurones irrespective of classification based on electrophysiological fingerprint (magnocellular, neuroendocrine or pre‐autonomic) or molecular phenotype (vasopressin, oxytocin, corticotrophin‐releasing hormone, thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone or vesicular glutamate transporter), determined using single cell reverse transcription‐poylmerase chain reaction. Consequently, we provide the first evidence that this peptide, which is produced in the paraventricular nucleus, has effects on the membrane potential of a large proportion of different subpopulations of neurones located in this nucleus, and therefore identify nesfatin‐1 as a potentially important regulator of paraventricular nucleus output.
Paclitaxel and platinum chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma during pregnancy.

BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is uncommon. Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy during pregnancy has not been reported previously. CASE A woman with ascites and an adnexal mass diagnosed during pregnancy at 27 weeks gestational age underwent a laparotomy with cytoreductive surgery and was diagnosed with stage IIIC papillary serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. She was treated with three cycles of paclitaxel and cisplatin during pregnancy. At 37 weeks, she underwent a cesarean section, abdominal hysterectomy, and cytoreduction. Three additional cycles of chemotherapy were given. She developed a recurrence within 6 weeks of completing chemotherapy. She received several cycles of chemotherapy, but died of recurrent cancer 29 months after diagnosis. The infant has normal growth and development at 30 months of age. CONCLUSION This is the first reported case of paclitaxel use during pregnancy.
Ambulatory blood pressure variation in normotensive subjects in relation to the sitting or standing position

Objective To evaluate the physiological variations in arterial blood pressure in normotensive subjects during activity and in relation to the sitting or lying position. Methods The subjects were 30 healthy volunteers who were normotensive and receiving no treatment. Blood pressure was measured using the validated monitor Diasys Integra (NOVACOR SA, Rueil‐Malmaison, France) with an integral position sensor. Blood pressure was recorded every 15 min over a 24 h period, additional measurements being made in the first, third and sixth minutes after standing up. Results During the active period (1000‐2000 h), 53% of the measures were made in the standing position. Over this period, the values of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate were significantly elevated in the standing position in comparison to the sitting position. The difference was of the order of 5 mmHg for the SBP, 3.5 mmHg for the DBP and 9 beats/min for the heart rate. The SBP, DBP and heart rate measured in the first, third and sixth minutes after standing up were not significantly different. Conclusion When measuring the blood pressure and heart rate in ambulatory patients, it seems justified to evaluate the patient's position during monitoring in order to achieve a better reproducibility and also to uncover any problems of blood pressure control with positional change, as could exist in patients with autonomic dysfunction. This might also aid in evaluating antihypertensive treatment and also any deleterious hypotensive effects.
High-Brightness 980-nm Tapered Laser— Optimization of the Laser Rear Facet

We present experimental results on a gain-guided tapered diode laser with rear facet coating variation from 98% down to 5% reflectivity. We show that in comparison to the common high reflection coating, a lower back facet reflectivity is suitable to suppress the propagation of modes outside of the ridge waveguide and the tapered section by keeping the output power at nearly the same level. Therefore, we can improve the spatial as well as the spectral beam quality.
Interrogation and the Criminal Process

The relative absence of formal provision for the resolution of conflict among organizations in the American legal system results in each one controlling others in the system through constraints on the processing of people and information as inputs to their own organization. This paper focuses on the specific case where the courts attempt to control the behavior of the police through the exclusionary rule, particularly as set forth in the Miranda decision. Data on interrogations of suspects in field patrol settings show that arresting officers always had evidence apart from the inter rogation itself as a basis for arrest. It would appear that the introduction of Miranda-type warnings into field settings would have relatively little effect on the liability of suspects to crimi nal charges, particularly in felony cases, assuming current police behavior with respect to arrest.
A cross-linked hyaluronan gel accelerates healing of corneal epithelial abrasion and alkali burn injuries in rabbits.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a chemically modified and cross-linked derivative of hyaluronan (CMHA-SX) for treatment of corneal epithelial abrasion and standardized alkali burn injuries. ANIMALS Twelve female New Zealand white rabbits in two groups were used. PROCEDURES Bilateral 6-mm diameter corneal epithelial abrasions were made in each of six rabbits in one group and 6-mm standardized alkali burn injuries were made in the second group. A 1% CMHA-SX formulation was applied topically four times per day in right eye of each rabbit for 1 week, and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was placed in left (control) eye of each rabbit. The wound size was determined by staining with 1% fluorescein and photographed at the slit lamp with a digital camera at 0, 1, 2, 3 days postoperatively in the first group and 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 12 days in the second group. Rabbit corneas were collected for histological examination on day 7 in the first group and day 12 in the second group. RESULTS Closure of corneal wound in the abrasion model was complete in the CMHA-SX treated eye by 48 h. The wound closure rate and thickness of the central corneal epithelium in the CMHA-SX treated group was greater than in control eyes for both the abrasion and alkali burn injuries. Moreover, the CMHA-SX treated cornea exhibited better epithelial and stromal organization than the untreated control cornea. CONCLUSIONS Chemically modified and cross-linked derivative of hyaluronan improved corneal wound healing and could be useful for treating noninfectious corneal injuries.
Structural Basis of glmS Ribozyme Activation by Glucosamine-6-Phosphate

The glmS ribozyme is the only natural catalytic RNA known to require a small-molecule activator for catalysis. This catalytic RNA functions as a riboswitch, with activator-dependent RNA cleavage regulating glmS messenger RNA expression. We report crystal structures of the glmS ribozyme in precleavage states that are unliganded or bound to the competitive inhibitor glucose-6-phosphate and in the postcleavage state. All structures superimpose closely, revealing a remarkably rigid RNA that contains a preformed active and coenzyme-binding site. Unlike other riboswitches, the glmS ribozyme binds its activator in an open, solvent-accessible pocket. Our structures suggest that the amine group of the glmS ribozyme-bound coenzyme performs general acid-base and electrostatic catalysis.
Down-Regulation of NFkB, Bax,TGF-β, Smad-2mRNA expression in the Livers of Carbon Tetrachloride Treated Rats using Different Natural Antioxidants

The objective of this study is to examine whether silymarin alone or in combination with chlorogenic acid and/ or melatonin plays a modulatory role against apoptotic damage in rats liver induced by of CCl4. The present work revealed that CCl4 induced elevation of in Bax, Smad, TGF-β and NFkBhepatic mRNA expression, administration of silymarin alone down regulates these expressions. Treatment with chlorogenic acid and/ or melatonin along with silymarin produced best results in this concern. Bcl-2 expression was down regulated by CCl4 whereas concurrent treatment of chlorogenic acid and/ or melatonin along with silymarin increased this expression. On conclusion, the use of chlorogenic acid and/ or melatonin potentiates the anti-apoptotic action of silymarin.
A new hybrid asymmetric multilevel inverter with reduced number of switches

This paper proposes a new hybrid asymmetric multilevel inverter for generating the higher number of levels with reduced number of power semiconductor switches. The hybrid asymmetric multilevel inverter consists of full bridge inverter and reduced switch inverter topology. The reduced switch inverter topology can generate 13-level output voltage without utilizing full bridge inverter. When the full bridge inverter is combined with reduced switch inverter topology, it can generate the 27-level output voltage. Sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique is used to trigger the multilevel inverter switches and to achieve high-quality output voltage with lesser total harmonic distortion. The performance of proposed multilevel inverter is tested by MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated the results with different parameters. The output voltage level of proposed multilevel inverter is satisfied IEEE519 harmonic standard without using any passive filters.