Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title: Neutral endopeptidase up-regulation in isolated human umbilical artery: involvement in desensitization of bradykinin-induced vasoconstrictor effects. Authors: Pelorosso,

Title: Neutral endopeptidase up-regulation in isolated human umbilical artery: involvement in desensitization of bradykinin-induced vasoconstrictor effects. JPET #113381 2 Running title page Running title: NEP up-regulation and desensitization of bradykinin effects. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. Abstract Previous reports show that bradykinin B 2 receptors (BKB 2) mediate contractile responses induced by bradykinin (BK) in human umbilical artery (HUA). However, though it has been reported that BK-induced responses can desensitize in several inflammatory models, the effects of prolonged in vitro incubation on BK-induced vasoconstriction in HUA have not been studied. In isolated HUA rings, BK-induced responses after a 5-h in vitro incubation showed a marked desensitization compared to responses at 2-h. Inhibition of either angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) or neutral endopeptidase (NEP), both BK-inactivating enzymes, failed to modify responses to BK at 2-h. After 5-h, ACE inhibition produced only a slight potentiation of BK-induced responses. In contrast, BK-induced vasoconstriction at 5-h was markedly potentiated by NEP inhibition. Moreover, NEP activity, measured by hydrolysis of its synthetic substrate (Z-Ala-Ala-Leu-p-Nitroanilide), showed a 2.4-fold increase in 5-h incubated vs. 2-h-incubated tissues which was completely reversed by cycloheximide (CHX) treatment. Furthermore, CHX significantly potentiated BK-induced responses suggesting that NEP-mediated kininase activity increase at 5-h depends on de novo protein synthesis. What's more, under NEP inhibition, CHX treatment failed to produce an additional potentiation of BK-induced vasoconstriction. Still, NEP up-regulation was confirmed by Western blot showing a 2.1-fold increase in immunoreactive-NEP in 5-h-incubated vs. 2-h-incubated HUA. In summary, the present study provides strong pharmacological evidence that NEP is up-regulated and plays a key role in desensitization of BK-induced This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. JPET #113381 4 vasoconstriction following prolonged in vitro incubation in HUA. Our results provide new insights into the possible mechanisms involved in BK-induced responses desensitization during sustained inflammatory conditions.
STRUCTURE AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF SrO-BOROVANADATE (V2O5)z(SrO)0.2(B2O3)0.8-z GLASSES

SrO-borovanadate glasses with the nominal composition (V2O5)z(SrO)0.2( B2O3)0.8-z, 0.4≤z ≤0.8 were studied by direct current (DC) electrical conductivity, inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray-powder-diffraction (XRD). These glasses were prepared by a normal quench technique and the actual compositions of the glasses were determined by ICP spectroscopy. XRD patterns confirm the amorphous nature of the present glasses. The temperature dependence of DC electrical conductivity of these glasses has been studied in terms of different hopping models. The IR results agree with previous investigations on similar glasses and it has been concluded that similar to SrO-vanadate glasses, metavandate chainlike structures of SrV2O6 and individual VO4 units also occur in these SrO-borovanadate glasses. The SrV2O6 and VOn polyhedra predominate in the low B2O3 containing SrO-borovanadate glasses as the B substitutes into the V sites of the various VOn polyhedra and only when the B2O3 concentration exceeds the SrO content do BOn structures appear. This qualitative picture of three distinct structural groupings for the Sr-vanadate and Sr-borovanadate glasses is consistent with the proposed glass structure on previous IR and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies on these types of glasses. The conductivity results were analyzed with reference to theoretical models existing in the literature and the analysis shows that the conductivity data are consistent with Mott's nearest neighbor hopping model. However, both Mott VRH and Greaves models are suitable to explain the data. Schnakenberg's generalized polaron hopping model is also consistent with the temperature dependence of the activation energy, but the various model parameters such as density of states, hopping energy obtained from the best fits were found to be not in accordance with the prediction of the Mott model.
Share repurchases and wealth transfer: the role of investment banks’ bond ownership

We study how financial conglomerates that had a previous advisory/underwriting relationship with a firm and hold a stake in it – related conglomerates – condition the firm’s payout policy. We focus on share repurchases. We document a negative correlation between the probability of the share repurchase and the equity ownership by the related conglomerate. We argue that this is due to a deliberate effort by the related conglomerate to push against the repurchase taking place in order to protect its bond stake that built during its prior advisory/underwriting relationship with the firm. This has significant return implications. A higher equity stake of the related conglomerates is associated with lower stock abnormal returns, both around the repurchase and in the long run. In particular, a one standard deviation higher stake (corresponding to 1.84% of shares outstanding) reduces the short term abnormal return by 43 bp and the long run (2 years) return by 238 bp. Stocks of repurchasing firms in which related conglomerates hold an equity stake experience a substantially lower abnormal return over 1, 2 and 3 years following the announcement then stocks of companies with no ownership by related conglomerates. We argue that the related conglomerate’s protection of its bond stake reduces the ability of the firm to enforce a wealth transfer from the bondholders to the equity holders. We provide evidence of this by demonstrating that the related conglomerate’s stake is linked to a lower drop in the bond yields: the higher the stake, the lower the drop in price of the bonds around the repurchase. In particular, a one standard deviation higher equity stake reduces the drop in yield spreads by 1.65 bp. JEL Classification: G34; G23; G32
Different Effects of TERT, TP63, and CYP2A6 Polymorphism on Individual Risk of Tobacco-Related Lung Cancer in Male Japanese Smokers

Recent genome-wide association studies have identified lung cancer susceptibility loci, such as chromosome 5p15 (telomerase reverse transcriptase, TERT and cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1-like, CLPTM1L), 15q25 (nicotinic cholinergic receptor α, CHRNA3-CHRNA5), and 3q28 (tumor protein p63, TP63). Replication study was performed to confirm the association of the recently-identified susceptible loci (i.e., TERT-CLPTM1L, CHRNA3-CHRNA5, and TP63) in a total of 1460 male Japanese smokers (885 lung cancer cases and 575 healthy control subjects), which were previously studied for a low odds ratio of impaired or deletion polymorphism in cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) for lung cancer risk. The minor allele frequency (0.442) of rs2736100 on 5p15 (TERT) was significantly higher in lung cancer cases than that (0.395) of controls, with an odds ratio of 1.27 (95% CI of 1.07 - 1.50, p = 0.00504). A series of subgroup analyses revealed the significant associations of rs4488809 (TP63, odds ratio of 1.21, p = 0.0422) and rs2736100 (TERT, odds ratio of 1.47, p = 6.40 × 10–5) with the risk of lung adenocarcinoma. No significant association of CHRNA3-CHRNA5 and CLPTM1L was found in this population. The present results support replication of the association of TERT and TP63 loci with lung adenocarcinomas and suggest subtype-specific effects of these loci on higher risk of lung cancer in smokers. The CYP2A6 including copy number polymorphism, uninvestigated in large-scale genome-wide association studies, may influence lower risk to heavy tobacco use-related lung cancer.
Diversity Patterns in Mid-Cretaceous Benthic Foraminifers and Dasycladalean Algae of the Southern Part of the Mesozoic Adriatic Platform, Croatia

The Mesozoic, mid-Cretaceous (Barremian to Cenomanian) deposits of southern Croatia comprise a succession of shallow tropical-water, inner-platform deposits that formed on a Bahama-type isolated Adriatic carbonate platform in the Dinarides. This succession is dominated by benthic foraminifers and dasycladalean algae, and is exposed in a nearly continuous outcrop section on the islands and along the coast of southern Croatia. It has been studied in terms of sedimentary facies, paleoecology, and biostratigraphy. The present study documents that several species of benthic foraminifers (cuneolinids, orbitolinids, alveolinids) and dasycladalean algae (Salpingoporella) have exceptional age-diagnostic value for mid-Cretaceous biostratigraphy. These are abundant, and they have a widespread distribution and a restricted stratigraphic range. They evolved rapidly and became extinct suddenly. The mid-Cretaceous benthic associations, including a total of 106 species and 57 genera of benthic foraminifers and 48 species and 20 genera of dasycladalean algae, were analyzed to establish the principal diversity patterns at (sub)stage level of resolution. The Early Aptian marked the foraminiferal diversity maximum, whereas significant diversity drops are recorded in the Late Aptian and Early Cenomanian. The foraminiferal distribution within the oligotrophic habitats of the platform interior was controlled primarily by relative sea-level oscillations, variations in oceanic circulation rate, and nutrient availability in surface waters. There is a positive correlation between episodes of increased diversification and the regional relative sea-level rises, whereas regressive episodes resulted in reduction of oligotrophic habitats and decreased species richness. The dasycladaleans were the most diversified during the tidal-flat-dominated Barremian, and from that peak diversity decreased. through the Early Aptian. A significant diversity drop occurred in the Late Aptian, and it was contemporaneous with the maximum abundance of Salpingoporella dinarica. The mid-Cretaceous dasycladaleans never fully recovered from the Early Aptian platform deepening event, and their post-Aptian diversity pattern implies dependence on factors other than relative sea level and associated changes in habitats.
Developing Racial / Ethnic-specific Classification of Obesity for White , Hispanic , and Black Males in the United States

Obesity is typically defined using Body Mass Index (BMI) and its established cut-off. However, some studies have highlighted the importance of developing racial/ethnic-specific classifications of obesity that reflect different body compositions and fat distributions. Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data and Random Forest classification, this paper attempts to identify important body measures and cut-offs for predicting obesityrelated health risks among White, Hispanic, Black male populations in the U.S. The results show that BMI is indeed an important body measure for predicting obesity-related health risks among White males, but is considerably less informative for Hispanic and Black males. On the other hand, using wasit circumference along with population-specific cut-offs turned out to be more useful in predicting obesity-related health risks for these two populations.
Iron isotope and trace metal records of iron cycling in the proto‐North Atlantic during the Cenomanian‐Turonian oceanic anoxic event (OAE‐2)

[1] The global carbon cycle during the mid-Cretaceous (� 125–88 million years ago, Ma) experienced numerous major perturbations linked to increased organic carbon burial under widespread, possibly basin-scale oxygen deficiency and episodes of euxinia (anoxic and H2S-containing). The largest of these episodes, the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event (ca. 93.5 Ma), or oceanic anoxic event (OAE) 2, was marked by pervasive deposition of organic-rich, laminated black shales in deep waters and in some cases across continental shelves. This deposition is recorded in a pronounced positive carbon isotope excursion seen ubiquitously in carbonates and organic matter. Enrichments of redox-sensitive, often bioessential trace metals, including Fe and Mo, indicate major shifts in their biogeochemical cycles under reducing conditions that may be linked to changes in primary production. Iron enrichments and bulk Fe isotope compositions track the sources and sinks of Fe in the proto-North Atlantic at seven localities marked by diverse depositional conditions. Included are an ancestral mid-ocean ridge and euxinic, intermittently euxinic, and oxic settings across varying paleodepths throughout the basin. These data yield evidence for a reactive Fe shuttle that likely delivered Fe from the shallow shelf to the deep ocean basin, as well as (1) hydrothermal sources enhanced by accelerated seafloor spreading or emplacement of large igneous province(s) and (2) local-scale Fe remobilization within the sediment column. This study, the first to explore Fe cycling and enrichment patterns on an ocean scale using iron isotope data, demonstrates the complex processes operating on this scale that can mask simple source-sink relationships. The data imply that the proto-North Atlantic received elevated Fe inputs from several sources (e.g., hydrothermal, shuttle and detrital inputs) and that the redox state of the basin was not exclusively euxinic, suggesting previously unknown heterogeneity in depositional conditions and biogeochemical cycling within those settings during OAE-2.
The Impact of the 2016 Election on the Financial Performance of Major Healthcare Companies

Healthcare reform was a significant political issue during the November 2016 US general elections, and played an important role in campaigning and political discourse leading to the election. Donald Trump, the Republican presidential candidate, and Republicans running for congressional office, campaigned on a platform advocating for the repeal and replacement of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), among other changes. Hillary Clinton, the Democratic presidential candidate, and Democrats running for congressional office, campaigned on a platform that included support for the ACA, as well as increased regulations on the pharmaceutical industry and health insurers, among various other policies. Republicans achieved unexpectedly large electoral victories. In order to determine the impact of the election results on the financial health of key firms operating in health care industries, event study techniques and multivariate regressions are used to calculate and analyze cumulative abnormal returns (CARS) surrounding different event windows surrounding the election for the various relevant firms (N=402). Abnormal returns are also calculated by industry, including pharmaceutical companies, health insurers, health care providers, and medical device manufacturers. Statistically and economically significant CARs are observed for the entire sample, as well as for drug companies, health insurers, and health care providers in the short term. Firms in the pharmaceutical industry, who faced more stringent regulation under a Clinton administration, were affected the most by the election results and generated the largest positive abnormal returns in every event window considered.
Process studies and seasonal prediction experiment using coupled general circulation model

Scientific Achievements: The first version of the coupled GCM SINTEX-FRSGC (SINTEX-F1.0: ECHAM4.0 + 2 × 1.5 ~0.5 OPA 8.2) developed under the EU-Japan collaborative framework was successfully integrated using the Earth Simulator. Results from the last 200 years of 220 years model run are analyzed. As reported in SINTEX (Gualdi et al., 2003), the SINTEXF1 showed remarkable skill in simulating ocean-atmosphere conditions related to the IOD and ENSO: model statistics compare very well with that of the observed data available for the last 50-years. The eastern pole of the SST anomaly in the model IOD is found to intrude into the central part of the basin. Therefore, the western box (40 –60 E, 10 S–10 N) used in deriving the model dipole mode index (DMI) is slightly different from that for the observation (50 –70 E, 10 S–10 N) (Saji et al., 1999). This model bias will be Process Studies and Seasonal Prediction Experiment Using Coupled General Circulation Model
Baculovirus Display: A Novel Tool for Vaccination

During its infection cycle it produces two phenotypes. Occlusion derived viruses (ODV) initiate the infection at the larvae midgut. After this primary infection, the viral progeny consists of budded viruses (BV) that carry on the systemic infection in larvae. These types of virions differ in their efficiencies of infection for different cell types; ODV infect midgut epithelial cells up to 10,000 fold more efficiently than BV. In contrast, BV are up to 1,000-fold more efficient at infecting cultured cells than ODV. As the viral propagation in cell culture is mediated by BV phenotype (Rohrmann, 2011), most of the knowledge regarding baculovirus infection cycle is based on studies performed in insect cells infected by BV (Figure 1).
New Diagnostic Applications in Sporotrichosis Rosely

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis that is globally distributed. Areas of high endemicity are Latin America, South Africa, India and Japan (Lopez-Romero et al., 2011; Queiroz-Telles et al., 2011). This infection is caused by the dimorphic fungus, previously described as the single species Sporothrix schenckii (Coura, 2005), that is now named the S. schenckii species complex (Marimon et al., 2006, 2007, 2008), which is associated with plants and soil (Ramos e Silva et al., 2007). In humans, sporotrichosis has been regarded as a jobrelated disease that usually occurs in the form of isolated cases or small outbreaks and affects only people exposed to plants or soil rich in organic matter and occasionally laboratory technicians (Copper et al., 1992; Hajjeh et al., 1997). The fungus S. schenckii was isolated for the first time in 1896 by Benjamin Schenck from a 36-year-old male patient who presented with lesions on his right hand and arm. This isolate was classified into the genus Sporotrichum (Schenck, 1898). Hekton and Perkins described the second sporotrichosis case in 1900. These investigators isolated the fungus and created the current denomination, Sporothrix schenckii (Hekton & Perkins, 1900, as cited in Coura, 2005). In the early 1900s, sporotrichosis was a common disease in France, and many features of the fungus and the less-common clinical manifestations were described. At the same time, potassium iodide began to be used to treat sporotrichosis (Kwon-Chung & Bennett, 1992) and is a satisfactory therapy for treatment of sporotrichosis, until now. The first reported case of natural animal infection was described in 1907 by Lutz and Splendore in rats from Brazil (Lutz & Splendore, 1907, as cited in Coura, 2005). In 1908, in Brazil, Splendore described the asteroid bodies around Sporothrix yeast cells, which are used to diagnose sporotrichosis during histological examinations (Kwon-Chung & Bennett, 1992). Classically, subcutaneous mycosis is usually associated with puncture injuries in farmers, florists, leisure gardeners, landscapers and greenhouse workers. However, in the zoonotic sporotrichosis endemic area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, transmission of the disease has been occurring broadly in the populace through the scratches or bites of S. schenckii infected cats (Schubach et al., 2008). Less commonly, other form of acquisition of the infection is inhalation of fungus conidia from soil (Rohatgi, 1980) and from infected animals, being cats the most involved. Sporotrichosis is primarily a cutaneous disease. After inoculation, a
Awareness of Intergroup Help Can Rehumanize the Out-Group

Dehumanizing the enemy is one of the most destructive elements of intergroup conflict. Past research demonstrated that awareness of harm that the in-group imposed on a specific out-group can increase out-group dehumanization as means of justifying the harm. In this research, we examined whether the opposite process would occur when people become aware of help given to an adversary. We reasoned that the need to justify a good deed toward a persistent enemy can result in more human-like out-group attributions. In two experiments, Israeli-Jews read about their group either helping Palestinians or not. In Study 1, awareness of help provided by the in-group to the out-group resulted in greater out-group humanization. In Study 2, we further established that when a third party helped the out-group, the rehumanization effect was not obtained, suggesting that the phenomenon is of specific intergroup nature. Theoretical and applied implications for conflict resolution are discussed.
Reflexing Interfaces

Since the first production of tools at the beginning of human presence on Earth, evolutionary jumps mark human development. Sometimes these punctuations were triggered by inventions of new tools, combined with new environmental adaptations. Affordances, as specialized forms of symbiotic embodiment with tools and environments, represent one of the main factors for human evolutionary processes. The cognitive neuroscience of the reflexive function can be one of the main keys to understand how the emergence of new interfaces yields new ways of projecting the human presence and consciousness in the world.
Stagflation and the Rejection of Keynesian Economics: A Case of Naive Falsification

In this paper I employ Imre Lakatos's methodology of scientific research programs to scrutinize the idea that stagflation in the 1970s falsified the Keynesian research program. I point out that Keynesian models were able to account for stagflation once they included inflation expectations, so the essential tenets of the Keynesian research program are consistent with the would-be anomaly of stagflation. Furthermore, Keynesian economics exhibited both theoretical and empirical progress by evolving in a way that rendered stagflation a logical consequence of Keynesian assumptions. The transition to new classical economics did not yield such progress. Also, as Keynesian economics tends to adopt novel findings and research methods, new classical economics does not have excess theoretical or empirical content relative to the Keynesian research program. In summary, I find that the falsification of the Keynesian program is unwarranted.