Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Annual and seasonal precipitation patterns across lowland catchment derived from rain gauge and weather radar data / Roczna i sezonowa struktura pola opadu w zlewni nizinnej na podstawie danych naziemnych i radarowych

Abstract Weather radar technology offers a unique means for hydrological applications characterizing precipitation patterns with high space-time resolutions. In this paper rain gauge and weather radar data are applied simultaneously to improve the knowledge of seasonal and annual amount of precipitation in a protected wetland catchment in central Poland. Analysis of precipitation patterns in years 2004-2008 has demonstrated that significant improvement in the accuracy of precipitation estimation at a catchment scale can be achieved when applying radar data. Two slightly different zones have been detected within the catchment, regarding its annual and seasonal precipitation characteristics. Analysis has proved that the west part of the catchment is recharged by relatively lower precipitation in comparison to the east part situated in the vicinity of Warsaw agglomeration. Spatial differences in precipitation recharging subsurface water resources have revealed the reduced precipitation in wetland areas which are of special environmental importance. Recommendation refers to the use of high resolution rainfall data responding to the demand for better hydrological process understanding. Described technique, apart from purely hydrologic applications, may be used to identify the subsurface recharge in the areas of high environmental concern for solving water management problems. Streszczenie Radarowe techniki obserwacji pola opadu stanowią unikatowy element zastosowań hydrologicznych, charakteryzując opady z wysoką rozdzielczością przestrzenno-czasową. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wyniki rozpoznania sezonowej i rocznej zmienności opadu w chronionej zlewni bagiennej Łasicy, położonej w środkowej Polsce. Wykorzystano zarówno dane radarowe, jak i naziemne, pochodzące z posterunków opadowych. Analiza dotyczyła lat hydrologicznych 2004-2008. Wykazano, że stosowanie danych radarowych znacznie uszczegóławia pole opadu analizowane w skali zlewni. W zlewni wyróżniono dwie strefy, odmienne pod względem rocznych i sezonowych charakterystyk opadu. Wykazano, że zachodnia część zlewni jest zasilana przez relatywnie niższe opady w porównaniu z częścią wschodnią położoną w sąsiedztwie aglomeracji warszawskiej. Stwierdzono występowanie najniższych opadów na obszarach bagiennych, uznanych za szczególnie cenne przyrodniczo. Stosowanie danych radarowych o wysokiej rozdzielczości przestrzennej odpowiada potrzebie szczegółowej identyfikacji procesów hydrologicznych w skali zlewni. Niska rozdzielczość przestrzenna danych naziemnych może prowadzić do błędnych oszacowań, a w rezultacie powodować niedokładności identyfikacji opadu jako elementu bilansu wodnego. Opisana metoda oceny pola opadu, oprócz zastosowań wyłącznie hydrologicznych, może być stosowana do identyfikacji obszarów o podwyższonym ryzyku występowania deficytów wody, co jest przydatne w gospodarowaniu wodą, szczególnie na obszarach chronionych.
INVESTIGATION OF BEIJING 2008 OLYMPIC GAMES PHOTOS IN THE TURKISH SPORTS MEDIA IN TERMS OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION

Purpose: The research aims to investigate the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games photos published in Turkish sports media in terms of gender discrimination. Method: The photos published in 5 daily newspapers in Turkey during the Beijing Olympic Games were analyzed with the help of an assessment form developed by the researcher. The researcher and an academician implemented the form. The data was analyzed by utilizing frequency distributions and Independent Samples t-test. Results: Out of the 554 photos related to sports in the investigated newspapers, 37.8% (203) belonged to women whereas 62.2% (334) belonged to men. No meaningful relationship was found among the photos of the 5 newspapers in the sample in terms of variables such as presentation of the photos according to gender, the size of photos, distribution according to newspaper type, the lay out of the photos and the page that the photo appeared (p<,05). The analysis according to gender showed that the photos of Turkish sportswomen appeared in the papers more than the photos of sportswomen of other nationalities (p<,05). Frequency distributions showed that the ratio of close-up shots were higher. 8 photos of sportswomen that were classified as erotic were published during that term. The newspaper Zaman, known as a conservative newspaper, was found to have carried the least number of photos of sportswomen. Conclusions: It can be said that sports media in Turkey did not exhibit gender discrimination in the presentation of photos of sportswomen during the Olympics. However, the number of photos of sportswomen was less than those of sportsmen. The media in Turkey prioritize the news about successful sports persons as is the case in the world. When we consider that fact that 4 of the 8 medals that the Turkish team won belonged to sportswomen, we can argue that the photos of Turkish sportswomen were not given enough representation in the Turkish sports media.
Growth response of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa to experimental burial and erosion

The response of Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Aschers. seedlings to experimental burial and erosion was examined to test the extent of couphng between fluctuations in sed~rnent depth and seagrass growth. Shoot survivorship declined with erosion and with increasing burial depth, relative to the controls Seagrass growth response, described by changes in internodal and leaf sheath length, the rate of appearance of new leaves, and shoot vertical growth showed a bell-shaped response to fluctuations in sediment depth. Shoot internodal and leaf sheath length, the rate of appearance of new leaves, and vertical growth all increased with sediment depth from minimal values under erosion to maximal values at burial of c7 cm. These results demonstrate that C, nodosa seedlings tolerate burial < 7 cm, and that burial stimulates the growth of surviving seedlings Examination of this growth response for C. nodosa and other seagrass species, which allows quantification of tolerable changes in sediment depth, may provide useful information for conservation of seagrass populations.
Randomized Controlled Trial The FIFA 11 + Program Is Effective in Preventing Injuries in Elite Male Basketball Players : A Cluster

http://ajs.sagepub. com/content/40/5/996 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546512438761 2012 40: 996 originally published online March 13, 2012 Am J Sports Med Umile Giuseppe Longo, Mattia Loppini, Alessandra Berton, Andrea Marinozzi, Nicola Maffulli and Vincenzo Denaro Randomized Controlled Trial The FIFA 11+ Program Is Effective in Preventing Injuries in Elite Male Basketball Players: A Cluster
Stalking the Schoolwork Module: Teaching Prospective Teachers To Write Historical Narratives.

This paper explored whether a highly structured experience in writing historical narratives would help student teachers learn this form of writing and the character of historical knowledge. The paper begins by discussing the role of narrative in learning history. The study involved a historiography course that was designed for students to study what Darwin wrote while on a particular voyage. Students selected a focused topic and wrote a historical narrative. They also wrote two essays on historical methodology. Researchers collected data from students' formal writing, field notes, interviews with the teacher, and discussions with students. Data analysis indicated that students did not necessarily learn to write in the narrative form because they had taken a number of history courses. Few history courses, even at the upper levels, included direct, explicit instruction on how to craft convincing historical narratives. Students needed to be explicitly taught extended forms of historical writing in ways that made transparent each step in the process. Instructors had to contend with students' prior experiences with the subject matter. The eight appendixes present class assignment sheets. (Contains 71 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
BodyWeight Control by a High-Carbohydrate / Low-Fat Diet Slows the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Damage in an Obese , Hypertensive , Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model

1 Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan 2 Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan 3 Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan 4 Center for Translational and Advanced Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan 5 Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan 6 Service de Nephrologie, Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
The determinants of employment income for Indigenous Australians

This paper considers the determinants of employment income for indigenous Australians compared with non-indigenous Australians. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression techniques are applied to 1991 Census data to consider the question: does the lower income of these indigenous people reflect differences in their factor endowments (like education) rewarded in the labour market, or are they rewarded differently for the same set of endowments than are non-indigenous Australians. The results show that the main source of lower incomes for indigenous Australians was their smaller endowment of human capital characteristics. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of these results.
Women's Representation at Federal Legislative and Executive Bodies: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and Malaysia

Prior research has been focused on the assessment of women representation in lower house of the parliament. This study examines an overtime growth for the descriptive representation of women in both the legislative and executive bodies of Pakistan and Malaysia. Time series plot is used to assess overtime growth of women representation since independence of the countries. The results indicate substantial increase in woman representation over the years in both the countries. However representation of women in both the legislative and executive bodies of Malaysia is better than Pakistan except lower house of the parliament, which is due to reservation of 60 seats for women in Pakistan. The results of t-test indicate that the mean difference between the two countries is significant in the upper house of the parliament but not significant only powerful in lower house of the Parliament.
manual coordination from 2-year-old to 11-year-old children (

Movements with both hands are essential to our everyday life, and it has been shown that performing asymmetric bimanual movements produces an interference effect between hands. There have been many studies—using varying methods—investigating the development of bimanual movements that show that this skill continues to evolve during childhood and adolescence. In the current study we used a spatial bimanual task to delineate the development of bimanual movements not only during different stages of childhood but also during late stages of adulthood. Furthermore, we used the same task as a window to observe the involvement of motor imagery through the same age groups. For this study we recruited participants from 4 different age groups and asked them to perform congruent and noncongruent bimanual movements in a Real condition, where participants moved both hands, and in an Imagery condition, where they had to imagine 1 hand’s movements while actually using the other hand. Our results showed that, with actual movement execution, the interference between motor programs of the 2 hands is higher in children (6–10 years old) than in younger adults (20–30 years old), while it tends to increase again in the elderly adults (60–80 years old). Interestingly, in the Imagery condition, the interference was present only among 10-year-old and 20to 30-year-old participants, suggesting that motor imagery, not yet developed in young children and compromised by age in the elderly subjects, did not modulate motor performance in these last 2 groups.
Current Perspectives ICON : Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders

Francisco A. Bonilla, MD, PhD, Isil Barlan, MD, Helen Chapel, MD, Beatriz T. Costa-Carvalho, MD, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, MD, PhD, M. Teresa de la Morena, MD, Francisco J. Espinosa-Rosales, MD, Lennart Hammarström, MD, PhD, Shigeaki Nonoyama, MD, Isabella Quinti, MD, PhD, John M. Routes, MD, Mimi L.K. Tang, MD, PhD, and Klaus Warnatz, MD Boston, Mass; Istanbul, Turkey; Oxford, United Kingdom; São Paulo, Brazil; New York, NY; Dallas, Texas; Mexico City, Mexico; Stockholm, Sweden; Saitama, Japan; Rome, Italy; Milwaukee, Wis; Melbourne, Australia; and Freiburg, Germany
Immature HIV-1 Capsid Assembly in Cells the Gag MA and CA Domains Act during Specific Steps at Which Critical Surfaces in A Temporospatial Map That Defines

During HIV-1 assembly, Gag polypeptides target to the plasma membrane, where they multimerize to form immature capsids that undergo budding and maturation. Previous mutational analyses identified residues within the Gag matrix (MA) and capsid (CA) domains that are required for immature capsid assembly, and structural studies showed that these residues are clustered on four exposed surfaces in Gag. Exactly when and where the three critical surfaces in CA function during assembly are not known. Here, we analyzed how mutations in these four critical surfaces affect the formation and stability of assembly intermediates in cells expressing the HIV-1 provirus. The resulting temporospatial map reveals that critical MA residues act during membrane targeting, residues in the C-terminal CA subdomain (CA-CTD) dimer interface are needed for the stability of the first membrane-bound assembly intermediate, CA-CTD base residues are necessary for progression past the first membrane-bound intermediate, and residues in the N-terminal CA subdomain (CA-NTD) stabilize the last membrane-bound intermediate. Importantly, we found that all four critical surfaces act while Gag is associated with the cellular facilitators of assembly ABCE1 and DDX6. When correlated with existing structural data, our findings suggest the following model: Gag dimerizes via the CA-CTD dimer interface just before or during membrane targeting, individual CA-CTD hexamers form soon after membrane targeting, and the CA-NTD hexameric lattice forms just prior to capsid release. This model adds an important new dimension to current structural models by proposing the potential order in which key contacts within the immature capsid lattice are made during
Title : Insomnia and left ventricular function – an echocardiography study Running head : Insomnia and left ventricular function

Objectives: Recently, studies have reported an association of insomnia with incident heart failure but its causal relation is still uncertain. In patients with heart failure, the left ventricular function is impaired and the deterioration may start long before the patient experiences any symptoms. As the first study, we examined the association of insomnia with left ventricular function using state-of-the art echocardiography methods. Design: In the echocardiography study, several indices of left ventricular function were examined in participants free from cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes. In total 788 participants with information on all relevant covariates were included. We calculated the least square mean of indices of left ventricular function associated with increasing number of insomnia symptoms (i.e. difficulties falling asleep, frequent awakenings, and early awakenings), including systolic mitral annular excursion, peak velocities of systolic and diastolic motion of the mitral annulus, and systolic deformation of the left ventricle. Results: We found no clear evidence that increasing number of insomnia symptoms is associated with any of the left ventricular function indices. Conclusions: The methods that were used are sensitive to detect preclinical HF, and therefore, our findings do not support a causal relation between insomnia symptoms and HF.
The Divergent Effects of Mortality Salience of Self versus Mortality Salience of a Loved One on Materialistic Consumption

In the present research, we argue that there are two distinct types of mortality salience, namely mortality salience of self (MSS) which is awareness of one’s own death and mortality salience of a loved one (MSLO) which is awareness of the death of a loved one. Studies based on Terror Management Theory have assumed that MSLO individuals’ response might follow predictably from the perspective of the theory. However, bereavement studies implied that MSLO individuals may have distinct response in comparison to MSS individuals. In four studies, we tested the convergent versus divergent assumptions and found that MSS and MSLO have divergent effects on materialistic consumption. Specifically, the robustness of the divergence has been tested on product preference for high-status brands, the choice between a materialistic product and an experience, the level of desire for money and the choice between two magazines that highlights different levels of materialistic values. We later proposed that future studies should try to explore the two mechanisms, namely negative emotions and goal orientation that might explain the divergence on materialistic consumption.
Population dynamics, gregarious behavior and oviposition preference of Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Alydidae)

Interactions between Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood) (Coreoidea: Heteroptera: Alydidae) and host plants were investigated including population monitoring throughout the year, gregarious behavior in the field, and oviposition preference among host plants and one non-host plant in field cages. Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. , soybean, Glycine max (L.) Mill. cv. BR 37, pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill. , pigeon pea cv. Anao, and lablab, Dolichos lablab L. were monitored in the field. N. parvus was found on host plants during 11 months. The shortest period of occurrence was observed on soybean and the longest on lablab. Insects were found mostly on mature pods. Contagious distribution (negative bionomial) was detected, characterizing the aggregation. Greater number of eggs were observed on pigeon pea, followed by soybean and lablab. Eggs were not found on cowpea, on common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. , and on rice, Oryza sativa L.
Horizontal vs. Vertical Transmission of Fertility Preferences

I study the cultural transmission of fertility preferences among second generation immigrant women observed in U.S. Censuses from 1910 to 1970. As hypothesized by Bisin & Verdier (2001), the transmission of preferences can be "vertical" or "horizontal. " Using a unique source documenting the variation in fertility behavior in Europe before and after the first demographic transition (1830-1970), I unpack the influence of parents (measured by source-country fertility at the time of departure from Europe) versus the influence of peers (measured by fertility of the same-age cohorts living in the source country and transmitted by same-age recent immigrants). I find that the transmission mechanism is crucially affected by the number of foreign born immigrant peers living in the same MSA. On one hand, the "vertical" channel of transmission is stronger in places where there are few newly arrived foreign born immigrant couples from the same source countries. On the other hand, fertility choices of second generation women are strongly correlated with marital fertility choices measured over peer cohorts in the source countries whenever they live in MSAs densely populated by recently arrived immigrants.
Microphone Array Geometry for Two Dimensional Broadband Sound Field Recording

Sound field recording with arrays made of omnidirectional microphones suffers from an ill-conditioned problem due to the zero and small values of the spherical Bessel function. This article proposes a geometric design of a microphone array for broadband two dimensional(2D) sound field recording and reproduction. The design is parametric with a layout having a discrete rotationally symmetric geometry composed of several geometrically similar subarrays. The actual parameters of the proposed layout can be determined for various acoustic situations to give optimized results. This design has the advantage that it simultaneously satisfies many important requirements of microphone arrays such as error robustness, operating bandwidth, and microphone unit efficiency.
COMPUTERIZED SELF-ASSESSMENT OF READING COMPREHENSION WITH THE ACCELERATED READER: ACTION RESEARCH

This study was a quasi - experimental action research evaluation of a program for computerized self - assessment of reading comprehension (The Accelerated Reader). It looked at the formative effects on reading achievement and motivation in two schools in severely socio - economically disadvantaged areas . The results suggested that the program , even when less than fully implemented , yielded gains in reading achievement for these at - risk readers that were superior to gains from regular classroom teaching and an alternative intensive method , even with less time devoted to class silent reading practice than in comparison classes . Additionally , the program yielded significant improvement in measured attitudes to reading for girls .
and Cognitive Impairment Structural and Functional Brain Changes in the Default Mode Network in Subtypes of Amnestic Mild -

Background: Various amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subtypes have been identified as single domain (SD) or multiple domain (MD), with differential probabilities of progression to Alzheimer disease (AD). Detecting the differences in the alterations in gray matter (GM) and intrinsic brain activity between the subtypes of aMCI help to understand their pathophysiological mechanisms and was conducive to construct such potential biomarkers to monitor the progression of aMCI. Methods: In all, 22 normal controls (NCs), 18 patients with SD-aMCI, and 17 patients with MD-aMCI participated in the study. The amplitude of lowfrequency fluctuations (ALFFs) during rest represented intrinsic brain activity. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was used to measure the GM volume. Results: The MD-aMCI showed reduced GM in hippocampus (Hip), parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), and other regions than SD-aMCI. The SD-aMCI had reduced GM only in Hip and PHG than in NC. The MD-aMCI showed decreased ALFF in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and precuneus and increased ALFF in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), PHG, and Hip compared with both SD-aMCI and NC. However, no ALFF difference was found between SD-aMCI and NC. Neuropsychological measures were correlated with ALFF in PCC and ACC only in the MD-aMCI. Conclusions: Patients with MD-aMCI displayed more severe GM atrophy and ALFF changes than patients with SD-aMCI. The results suggested that aMCI is heterogeneous and that MD-aMCI may be a prodromal stage which is more close to AD.