Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Axiomatic Design Approach to Production Path Enumeration in Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems

In recent years, many design approaches have been developed for automated manufacturing systems in the fields of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS), holonic manufacturing systems (HMS), and multi-agent systems (MAS). One of the principle reasons for these developments has been to enhance the recongurability of a manufacturing system, allowing it to readily adapt to changes over time. However, to date, recongurability assessment has been limited. Hence, the efficacy of these design approaches remains quantitatively inconclusive. More recently, a systematic approach to reconfigurability measurement based upon the concepts of reconfiguration "potential" and reconfiguration "ease" has been developed using axiomatic design and design structure matrices respectively. The measures of reconfiguration potential called production degrees of freedom were specifically used to calculate production paths of a product line through a reconfigurable manufacturing system. This paper rearticulates the previous scalar-based calculation in terms of a axiomatic design matrix-based development founded in graph theory for three major benefits. First, this approach establishes a link between the RMS literature and graph theory where path enumeration has long been associated with network reliability and resilience. Second, the approach bases its measures strictly on the evolving system architecture variables in both function and form. In so doing, it roots itself in the established engineering design concept of the axiomatic design knowledge base for large flexible systems. Finally, the formulaic expressions lend themselves to significant computational savings.
Convergent Products: What Functionalities Add More Value to the Base?

Convergence in the electronics sector has enabled the addition of disparate new functionalities to existing base products (e.g., adding mobile television to a cell phone or Internet access to a personal digital assistant). This research investigates the role of two factors—(1) the goal congruence between the added functionality and the base and (2) the nature of the base product (utilitarian versus hedonic)—on the evaluation of such convergent products (CPs). The author proposes that the evaluation of CPs with a utilitarian versus hedonic base is subject to an asymmetric additivity effect. Specifically, whereas CPs with a utilitarian base gain more from adding an incongruent, hedonic functionality than a congruent, utilitarian one, CPs with a hedonic base gain less from an incongruent, utilitarian addition than a congruent, hedonic one. This asymmetry is because hedonic additions enhance the pleasure of using a utilitarian base, whereas utilitarian additions may dilute the existing hedonic image of a hedonic base. The moderating role of prior ownership of the base of a CP is also explored. The author proposes that the effects of goal congruence are stronger for owners than for nonowners, but only for CPs with a hedonic base, not for those with a utilitarian base. The author verifies the proposed effects in an experimental study conducted with a large-scale, representative sample of the target market population. Further research on other (moderating) factors affecting the evaluation of CPs is also suggested.
Is this mobile coupon worth my private information

Purpose – This study aims to investigate determinants of permission-granting intention of consumers based on transaction utility theory. The study also was designed to investigate the role of two individual characteristics, coupon proneness and fear of spamming as well as gender difference. Mobile coupons have quickly become an important marketing tactic. However, our understanding of mobile coupon usage is limited because previous studies of coupon usage do not examine key characteristics of new technology-based coupons. Therefore, research in this specific context is necessary. Design/methodology/approach – An online survey was used and US adult consumers (N = 658) were recruited to empirically test the model. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings – Results provided support for the proposed model. The data confirmed the evaluation process of a potential transaction using mobile coupons hypothesized based on transaction utility theory. Gender differences were tested using mu.
BRCAPRO 6.0 Model Validation in Male Patients Presenting for BRCA Testing.

BACKGROUND BRCAPRO is a risk assessment model to estimate the risk of carrying a BRCA mutation. BRCA mutation carriers are at higher risk of developing breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. BRCAPRO was developed for women and found to be superior to other risk assessment models. The present study evaluated the validity of BRCAPRO at predicting the risk of male patients carrying a BRCA mutation. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 146 men who presented for genetic counseling and testing from February1997 to September 2011, and their test results were included in the present study. BRCAPRO risk assessment for all patients was calculated using the BRCAPRO clinical CancerGene assessment software. RESULTS The mean age at presentation was 57 years. Of the 146 patients, 48 had breast cancer, 18 had pancreatic cancer, 39 had prostate cancer, 27 had other primary cancers, and 37 had no cancer. Fifty patients (34%) tested positive for a BRCA mutation (22 BRCA1, 27 BRCA2, and 1 BRCA1 and BRCA2). The mean BRCAPRO score for all patients was 24.96%. The BRCAPRO score was significantly higher for patients who tested positive for a BRCA mutation (46.19% vs. 13.9%, p < .01). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.83 for all patients for the BRCAPRO score to predict the risk of carrying a BRCA mutation. At a cutoff point of 30.02%, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 0.74, 0.81, 0.67, and 0.86, respectively. CONCLUSION BRCAPRO appears to be a valid risk assessment tool for determining the risk of carrying a BRCA mutation in men. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Men carrying genetic mutations in the BRCA gene have a greater risk than the general population of developing certain types of cancer, including breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. BRCAPRO is a risk assessment model that predicts the risk of carrying a BRCA mutation. The present study aimed at validating BRCAPRO for use with men seen for genetic counseling, whether affected by cancer or not. The data available for 146 patients revealed that BRCAPRO was effective at identifying patients at risk of BRCA mutation. These findings could help in identifying a subset of high-risk patients who should proceed to genetic testing.
The Protein Activator Specific for the Enzymic Hydrolysis of GM2 Ganglioside in Normal Human Brain and Brains of Three Types of GM2 Gangliosidosis

Abstract: In order to understand the etiology of Type AB GM2 gangliosidosis, we have purified and characterized the activator protein (GM2 activator) specific for the enzymic hydrolysis of GM2 ganglioside from normal human brain. The purified activator from human brain moved as one major protein band in various electrophoretic systems. We have also prepared the antiserum against this activator. The levels and the nature of GM2 activator and β‐hexosaminidase A were examined in the brains of five cases of GM2. gangliosidosis—one Type B, two Type O, and two Type AB. We found that the levels of GM2 activator in both Type B and Type O cases were markedly elevated, and that the two Type AB cases were the results of different causes. One case had a defective β hexosaminidase A and an elevated level of GM2 activator. Although this defective β‐hexosaminidase A could hydrolyze synthetic substrates, it was inactive in the cleavage of natural glycosphingolipids in the presence of the GM2 activator. It could, however, hydrolyze asialo‐GM2 and GbOse4Cer in the presence of sodium taurodeoxycholate. The other case had normal β‐hexosaminidase A, but had a very low level of GM2 activator when analyzed by in vitro assay, suggesting the deficiency of this activator. By immunoelectrophoresis, this case was found to be completely devoid of the protein that cross‐reacts with the antiserum against the GM2 activator.
CULTURAL VARIATIONS IN STRATEGIC ISSUE INTERPRETATION: RELATING CULTURAL UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE TO CONTROLLABILITY IN DISCRIMINATING THREAT AND OPPORTUNITY

We investigate cultural variations in the strategic issue labels of threats and opportunities. In a survey of 276 American and international respondents, we investigate the sensitivity of issue attributes that discriminate between threat and opportunity. We find that the cultural value of uncertainty avoidance (UA) had a significant effect: Compared to low UA cultures, individuals from high UA cultures were significantly more sensitive to controllability in perceiving strategic issues. However, other cultural value dimensions (individualism, masculinity, power distance) did not have similar effects. Our results point to the need to link specific cultural dimensions to specific aspects of strategic issue analysis. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The significance of wild birds (Larus sp.) in the epidemiology of campylobacter infections in humans

During much of the present century, the population of herring gulls in Britain has increased rapidly (Cramp, Bourne & Saunders, 1973; Chabrzyk & Coulson, 1976; Monaghan & Coulson, 1977). Accompanying this changes was an increased utilization by these birds of human waste as a food supply, particularly sewage and refuse emanating from our towns and cities (Monaghan, 1983; Horton et al. 1983). This, coupled with their habits of roosting on agricultural land and water storage reservoirs and of breeding on inhabited buildings, has given rise to concern over the role of these birds in the spread of disease to man and domestic animals (e.g. Fenlon, 1981; Reilly et al. 1981; Butterfield et al. 1983; Monaghan et al. 1985; Girdwood et al. 1986).
The $100 Million Question: Does NuvaRing Usage Result in Increased Cardiovascular Dysfunction?

If you have been following current news in the pharmaceutical industry, you have likely heard about over 3500 product liability lawsuits that were filed against Merck in the past several years asserting claims arising from the use of the NuvaRing, an intravaginal contraceptive ring that releases ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel. These claims alleged that the manufacturers failed to design and produce the NuvaRing with adequate testing and study, that use of the NuvaRing leads to injuries including blood clots, cardiovascular dysfunction, and death, and that the drug companies failed to adequately warn doctors and patients of the increased risk of blood clots posed by use of the NuvaRing. As a result of these allegations, Merck has agreed to settle with the claimants for $100 million. But is the NuvaRing any more dangerous than other hormonal birth control options?
A cross‐cultural study of interfirm power structure and commitment: the effect of collectivism

Purpose – This study seeks to introduce the concept of collectivism, and to assess its impact on interfirm commitment in both high and low collectivist countries.Design/methodology/approach – In evaluating the effects of bilateral power structures on commitment, the paper utilizes polynomial regression and the response surface approach.Findings – Collectivism influenced a manufacturer's commitment to the relationship with its supplier only in Korea, but collectivism did not influence a manufacturer's commitment to the relationship with its supplier in the USA. On the other hand, for the USA sample, significant main effects of manufacturer power and supplier power, as well as a significant interaction between manufacturer power and supplier power on interfirm commitment were detected.Research limitations/implications – The results demonstrate that the bilateral power magnitude between a manufacturer and its supplier was germane to the manufacturer's commitment. An increase in the supplier's power contribut.
Angiomyofibroblastoma‐like tumor (lipomatous variant) of the inguinal region of a male patient

A case of angiomyofibroblastoma‐like tumor (lipomatous variant) that arose in the subcutis of the inguinal region of a 45‐year‐old man is presented. The maximum dimension of the tumor measured 39 mm and it was well circumscribed. Histopathological examination revealed a close admixture of plump spindle or stellate cells and mature adipocytes. These were arranged haphazardly or formed interconnecting thin cellular trabeculae on the myxoid or edematous background. The tumor was highly vascularized and contained a moderate amount of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, CD34 and the estrogen receptor, but negative for α‐smooth muscle actin and desmin. The differential diagnosis between the lipomatous variant of angiomyofibroblastoma and cellular angiofibroma or spindle cell lipoma is discussed, and the pathogenetic hypotheses about the occurrence of mature adipocytes within benign fibroblastic or myofibroblastic neoplasms are mentioned briefly. It is important for surgical pathologists to be acquainted with the occasional presence of adipocytes in these neoplasms to avoid misinterpretation.
Clinical Value of Absolute Lymphocyte Counts before Bortezomib-Dexamethasone Therapy in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma Patients

A high absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) at diagnosis is known as a surrogate marker of favorable prognosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). Recent studies showed tumor sensitization and enhanced cytotoxicity of bortezomib. We hypothesized that a high ALC before bortezomib treatment would contribute to tumor sensitization and activated cytotoxicity of bortezomib in relapsed MM. Ninety-seven relapsed MM patients who underwent bortezomib-dexamethasone (Vel-Dex) therapy were analyzed. Median follow-up duration was 21 months and median age was 61 years. Complete response (CR) and very good partial response (VGPR) after 2 cycles of Vel-Dex therapy were higher in the high-ALC group (≧1.1 × 109/l) (CR + VGPR 50.0% in the high-ALC group vs. 10.4% in the low-ALC group, p = 0.001), and stable disease (SD) rate was lower in the high-ALC group (SD 11.8% in the high-ALC group vs. 44.8% in the low-ALC group, p < 0.001). In the univariate analysis, the low-ALC group before therapy was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) [hazard ratio (HR), 2.780; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.703–4.536, p < 0.001]. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low ALC represented an independent predictive factor for PFS (HR 1.937, 95% CI 1.168–3.212, p = 0.010). A low ALC just before Vel-Dex therapy was associated with a poor prognosis in relapsed MM.
Carbon dioxide flux and net primary production of a boreal treed bog: responses to warming and water table manipulations

Midlatitude treed bogs represent significant carbon (C) stocks and are highly sensitive to global climate change. In a dry continental treed bog, we compared three sites: control, recent (1–3 years; experimental) and older drained (10–13 years), with water levels at 38, 74 and 120 cm below the surface, respectively. At each site we measured carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and estimated tree root respiration (Rr; across hummock–hollow microtopography of the forest floor) and net primary production (NPP) of trees during the growing seasons (May to October) of 2011–2013. The CO2–C balance was calculated by adding the net CO2 exchange of the forest floor (NEff−Rr) to the NPP of the trees. From cooler and wetter 2011 to the driest and the warmest 2013, the control site was a CO2–C sink of 92, 70 and 76 g m, the experimental site was a CO2–C source of 14, 57 and 135 g m, and the drained site was a progressively smaller source of 26, 23 and 13 g CO2–C m . The short-term drainage at the experimental site resulted in small changes in vegetation coverage and large net CO2 emissions at the microforms. In contrast, the longer-term drainage and deeper water level at the drained site resulted in the replacement of mosses with vascular plants (shrubs) on the hummocks and lichen in the hollows leading to the highest CO2 uptake at the drained hummocks and significant losses in the hollows. The tree NPP (including aboveand belowground growth and litter fall) in 2011 and 2012 was significantly higher at the drained site (92 and 83 g C m) than at the experimental (58 and 55 g C m) and control (52 and 46 g C m) sites. We also quantified the impact of climatic warming at all water table treatments by equipping additional plots with open-top chambers (OTCs) that caused a passive warming on average of ∼ 1 C and differential air warming of ∼ 6 C at midday full sun over the study years. Warming significantly enhanced shrub growth and the CO2 sink function of the drained hummocks (exceeding the cumulative respiration losses in hollows induced by the lowered water level × warming). There was an interaction of water level with warming across hummocks that resulted in the largest net CO2 uptake at the warmed drained hummocks. Thus in 2013, the warming treatment enhanced the sink function of the control site by 13 g m, reduced the source function of the experimental by 10 g m and significantly enhanced the sink function of the drained site by 73 g m. Therefore, drying and warming in continental bogs is expected to initially accelerate CO2–C losses via ecosystem respiration, but persistent drought and warming is expected to restore the peatland’s original CO2–C sink function as a result of the shifts in vegetation composition and productivity between the microforms and increased NPP of trees over time. Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 1092 T. M. Munir et al.: Carbon dioxide flux and net primary production
Port choice of shipping lines and shippers in Australia

In containerized cargo shipping, there are two types of port choices. A shipping line chooses its ports of call for each of its liner route to form its liner network. Based on the liner networks of shipping lines, a shipper chooses its port of origin and port of destination (port of O/D) for its shipments. In recent years, it is suggested that a shipper's choice of its port of O/D is influenced by its supply chain arrangement. This paper studies how the supply chain arrangement of a shipper affects its port of O/D selection and vice versa. It then investigates the interaction between the port of call selections of shipping lines and the port of O/D selections of shippers. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with shipping lines that together accounted for more than 25% of the world's container throughput. Interviews with Australian-based freight forwarders and importers were conducted to investigate the interaction between the port of O/D selections of shippers and their supply chain arrangements. Results show that shippers' supply chain arrangements influence their port of O/D selections, but are not considered important by shipping lines in their port of call selections. This may be due to the restricted port choices of both the shippers and the shipping lines, a result of the spatial characteristics of Australia.
An examination of the effects of adaptive selling behavior and customer orientation on performance of pharmaceutical salespeople in an emerging market

This article was published in the Journal of Medical Marketing [©2013 Published by SAGE Journals] and the definite version is available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/1745790413488779 The Article's website is at: http://mmj.sagepub. com/content/13/2/102.abstract
Adoption of E-Hailing Apps in Brazil: The Passengers' Standpoint

E-Hailing Apps (EHA) have become very popular in Brazil due to the swift proliferation of smartphones in the country. Thus, the scope of this article is to ascertain the antecedents of use of EHA in Brazil from the passengers’ standpoint. To do that, a meta-model was developed via a theoretical background based on theories of information system adoption, diffusion of innovation, trust in virtual environments and user satisfaction, as well as research hypotheses. By applying structural equation modelling in data collected via a web survey, the theoretical meta-model and research hypotheses were tested. It was established that perceived utility, compatibility, relative advantage and trust are antecedents of user satisfaction with EHA, this factor being an antecedent of the intention to use the system. Lastly, it was found that subjective norms have a direct and statistically significant impact on the intention of use of EHA.
Purchasing and innovation: a capability-based analysis

In this paper we develop a number of hypotheses relating four purchasing capabilities to two measures of purchasing' contribution to innovation. The hypotheses are tested with data collected through a web survey completed by 321 purchasing professionals in Danish production companies. Our results show that integrative, relational, innovative and intelligence capabilities are positively related to innovation. However, relational capabilities are not found to have significant effect on purchasing' contribution to supply and practice innovation, i.e., new markets, new suppliers and new purchasing practices. The relationship between intelligence capabilities and purchasing' contribution to product and production innovations depends on the level of innovation capabilities.
Objective autorefraction in posterior chamber pseudophakia.

Automated refraction with the Canon RK-1 Autoref keratometer was evaluated in 110 eyes (110 patients) six to eight weeks after they had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and achieved a best corrected visual acuity of at least 6/12. Autorefraction readings were obtained in 100 (91%) of these eyes. The agreement between autorefraction and clinical refraction data was 98% for spherical equivalence less than 0.51 dioptres (D), 95% for sphere power less than 0.51D, 94% for cylinder power less than 0.51D, and 85% for cylinder axis less than 11 degrees. Autorefraction can provide acceptably accurate postoperative refraction values in pseudophakic eyes.
Equilibrium Structures and Vibrational Assignments for Isoamyl Alcohol and tert-Amyl Alcohol: A Density Functional Study

We have calculated the vibrational spectra of isoamyl alcohol and of tert-amyl alcohol using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the Becke-3 Lee Yang Parr (B3LYP) functional and a 6-311+G** atomic basis set. The energies of the conformers were also calculated with ab initio Perturbation Theory of second (MP2) and fourth order restricted to single, double and quadruple excitations (MP4 SDQ) with the same basis set. We found rather complicated equilibria of four conformations in each case, counting only those with appreciable abundancies. PED data were compared with GAUSSVIEW animations. The calculated wavenumbers agree rather well with the experimental ones when the gauche-trans conformer is assumed as the most important one for isoamyl alcohol, and the gauchegauche one for tert-amyl alcohol. However, some of the experimental bands had to be assigned also to other conformers, indicating their presence in the equilibrium mixture. Due to sterical reasons both the CO and the OH bonds appear to be weaker in the tertiary alcohol, considering the wavenumbers of the CO and OH bond stretching vibrations. The bond lengths point into the same direction, however, the OH bond in the tertiary alcohol is only slightly longer than that in the primary alcohol. Graphical Abstract Equilibrium Structures and Vibrational Assignments for Isoamyl Alcohol and tert-Amyl Alcohol: A Density Functional Study