Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online multiscale dynamic topic models

We propose an online topic model for sequentially analyzing the time evolution of topics in document collections. Topics naturally evolve with multiple timescales. For example, some words may be used consistently over one hundred years, while other words emerge and disappear over periods of a few days. Thus, in the proposed model, current topic-specific distributions over words are assumed to be generated based on the multiscale word distributions of the previous epoch. Considering both the long-timescale dependency as well as the short-timescale dependency yields a more robust model. We derive efficient online inference procedures based on a stochastic EM algorithm, in which the model is sequentially updated using newly obtained data; this means that past data are not required to make the inference. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of predictive performance and computational efficiency by examining collections of real documents with timestamps.
Maximal exercise testing of men with prostate cancer being treated with androgen deprivation therapy.

UNLABELLED Exercise is being increasingly established as a key adjuvant therapy in clinical oncology. As research has demonstrated the beneficial effect of exercise for cancer management, a growing number of patients with cancer are undertaking structured exercise programs. PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the safety and feasibility of formal exercise testing in clinical settings as it is becoming increasingly used as a screening tool and for exercise prescription purposes. METHODS One hundred and twelve patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) took part in a physician-supervised multistage maximal stress test (Bruce protocol). Sixty patients had been on ADT for <3 months (acute), whereas 52 had been on ADT for >3 months (chronic). RESULTS Of these men, 85% were able to meet the criteria for the attainment of V˙O2max, whereas three positive tests (3.2%) were observed. The three participants who recorded a positive stress test underwent further medical examination and were subsequently cleared of clinically significant cardiovascular disease. Apart from the relatively low V˙O2max (24.7 ± 6.0 mL·kg·min, 10th-15th percentile), compared with normative data in healthy age-matched controls, the cardiovascular response to exercise was similar in this cancer population. Moreover, treatment duration did not seem to influence cardiovascular responses to exercise. This early evidence suggests that risk of adverse events during maximal exercise testing is relatively low in this population and certainly no higher than that in ages-matched, apparently healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS Maximal exercise testing was demonstrated to be feasible and safe, providing a direct assessment of V˙O2max. The relatively low number of positive tests in this study suggests that the risk of adverse events is relatively low in this population and certainly no higher than that in age-matched, apparently healthy individuals.
Community-based greedy algorithm for mining top-K influential nodes in mobile social networks

With the proliferation of mobile devices and wireless technologies, mobile social network systems are increasingly available. A mobile social network plays an essential role as the spread of information and influence in the form of "word-of-mouth". It is a fundamental issue to find a subset of influential individuals in a mobile social network such that targeting them initially (e.g. to adopt a new product) will maximize the spread of the influence (further adoptions of the new product). The problem of finding the most influential nodes is unfortunately NP-hard. It has been shown that a Greedy algorithm with provable approximation guarantees can give good approximation; However, it is computationally expensive, if not prohibitive, to run the greedy algorithm on a large mobile network. In this paper we propose a new algorithm called Community-based Greedy algorithm for mining top-K influential nodes. The proposed algorithm encompasses two components: 1) an algorithm for detecting communities in a social network by taking into account information diffusion; and 2) a dynamic programming algorithm for selecting communities to find influential nodes. We also provide provable approximation guarantees for our algorithm. Empirical studies on a large real-world mobile social network show that our algorithm is more than an order of magnitudes faster than the state-of-the-art Greedy algorithm for finding top-K influential nodes and the error of our approximate algorithm is small.
Beetroot juice supplementation does not improve performance of elite 1500-m runners.

PURPOSE Dietary nitrate supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) has received widespread attention as an ergogenic aid. However, recent evidence in well-trained cyclists has not consistently reported improved cycling economy or performance. The present study examined the effects of acute and chronic BR supplementation on V˙O2 during submaximal running and 1500-m time trial (TT) performance of elite distance runners. METHODS Eight male 1500-m runners (V˙O2peak, 80 ± 5 mL·kg·min; 1500-m personal best, 3:56 ± 9 s) participated in this study. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, subjects supplemented with BR or a nitrate-free BR placebo (PL) for 8 d separated by at least 1 wk. On days 1 (acute) and 8 (chronic), subjects ingested 210 mL of BR (19.5-mmol nitrate) or PL and completed a submaximal treadmill run and 1500-m TT on an indoor 200-m track. RESULTS Plasma nitrate increased from 37 ± 15 to 615 ± 151 μM (acute) and 870 ± 259 μM (chronic) after BR supplementation. There were no V˙O2 differences between conditions at 50%, 65%, and 80% V˙O2peak (acute PL, 4194 ± 90 mL·min; chronic PL, 4216 ± 95 mL·min; acute BR, 4192 ± 113 mL·min; chronic BR, 4299 ± 92 mL·min). The 1500-m TT was unaffected by acute or chronic BR supplementation (acute PL, 4:10.4 min:s ± 2.5 s; chronic PL, 4:11.4 min:s ± 2.7 s; acute BR, 4:10.7 min:s ± 1.5 s; chronic BR, 4:10.5 min:s ± 2.2 s). However, two subjects improved their TT performance after acute (5.8 and 5.0 s) and chronic BR supplementation (7.0 and 0.5 s). CONCLUSIONS Acute and chronic BR supplementation did not reduce running V˙O2 or improve 1500-m TT performance of a group of elite distance runners, but two responders to BR were identified.
Children's physical activity assessed with wrist- and hip-worn accelerometers.

BACKGROUND Recently, triaxial raw acceleration accelerometers have become available from GENEActiv and ActiGraph; both are designed for wrist and hip wear. It is important to determine whether the output from these monitors is comparable with the wealth of data already collected from the hip-worn, epoch-based, uniaxial ActiGraph. PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the concurrent validity of measures of total activity and time spent at different activity intensities from the GENEActiv relative to the ActiGraph GT3X+. METHODS Fifty-eight children age 10-12 yr wore two accelerometers at the hip (ActiGraph GT3X+ and GENEActiv) and one at the wrist (GENEActiv) for 7 d. Wear time was matched for all monitors before analysis. RESULTS Mean daily accelerometer output, time spent sedentary, and time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from the hip- or wrist-worn GENEActiv were strongly correlated with the corresponding output from the hip-worn ActiGraph (r > 0.83, P < 0.001). However, less time was estimated to be sedentary and more time was estimated to be MVPA using the hip- or wrist-worn GENEActiv (Phillips cut points) than that when using the Evenson vertical axis cut points with the hip-worn ActiGraph. Output from the vertical axis ActiGraph cut points could be predicted with 95% limits of agreement, equating to 23%-28% and 33%-35% of the mean value, by the hip- and wrist-worn GENEActiv, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The assessment of children's activity level, time spent sedentary, and time in MVPA estimated from the hip- or wrist-worn GENEActiv seems to be comparable with that of the uniaxial ActiGraph. On the basis of the strong linear correlations, ActiGraph output can be predicted from the hip- or wrist-worn GENEActiv for comparative purposes at the group level. However, because of relatively wide limits of agreement, individual-level comparisons are not recommended.
Effect of Implant Position and Edentulous Span Length on Stresses Around Implants Assisting Claspless Distal Extension Partial Overdentures: An In Vitro Study.

&NA; The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of implant position and edentulous span length on stresses around implants assisting claspless distal extension partial overdentures. Four bilateral mandibular distal extension acrylic models were constructed. Two implants were inserted in the distal extension ridges parallel to each other and perpendicular to the ridges. Based on the implant position, models were categorized into two groups: Group I, mesial implants position and Group II, distal implant position. Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the length of edentulous span: Subgroup a, long span and Subgroup b, short span. Four claspless partial overdentures were fabricated on the models and retained to the implants with ball‐and‐socket attachments. Three strain gauges were cemented to the acrylic resin at buccal, lingual, and distal sides of each implant. Static unilateral vertical load of 60N was applied in the central fossae of the first molar, and peri‐implant stresses were measured on loading and nonloading sides. Distal implant placements recorded significantly higher peri‐implant stresses than did mesial implant placements. Long saddle recorded significantly higher stresses than did short saddle. The greatest peri‐implant stresses were recorded with distal placement and long saddle at the loading side. At loading and nonloading sides, the mesial placement with a short saddle recorded the lowest strain. For mandibular distal extension partial overdentures, a mesially placed implant combined with short saddle may be preferable to a distally placed implant combined with long saddle, as the former was associated with reduced peri‐implant stresses.
Reply—Gender difference in GFR dependent on age

Sir, Rook et al. have made some comments on my work on renal function in relation to age [1]. They state that my conclusion is not warranted, since I have no longitudinal data. It is true that I have no longitudinal data, but I think these authors will agree with me that it is very hard to follow longitudinally healthy adults from age 20 to 70 years with adequate renal function tests, including continuous infusion and urine sampling. They also state that I have very few donors above 50 years of age; I believe that I pointed this out adequately in my study, in the Abstract, the Introduction, the Discussion and in the Conclusion. Moreover, I think that the period before 50 years of age is of special interest, since several authors claim that the decline in GFR does not start until 40–60 years of age [2–4]. Furthermore, that age range is the time when females still have an influence of oestrogens, which I think is the reason for the absence of decline in GFR and ERPF with age in females. Rook et al. also claim that the number of subjects studied was relatively small. Looking at the data presented by Rook et al., the age distribution of their subjects does not seem uniform. Based on the figures in their study and calculating the number of males and females in each decade up to the age of 50 years, i.e. the same age range as in mine, the numbers in their data and in mine are as follows:
ASIC3 contributes to the blunted muscle metaboreflex in heart failure.

INTRODUCTION During exercise, the sympathetic nervous system is activated and blood pressure and HR increase. In heart failure (HF), the muscle metaboreceptor contribution to sympathetic outflow is attenuated and the mechanoreceptor contribution is accentuated. Previous studies suggest that lactic acid stimulates acid-sensing channel subtype 3 (ASIC3), inducing a neurally mediated pressor response. Thus, we hypothesized that the pressor response to ASIC3 stimulation is smaller in HF rats because of attenuation in expression and function of ASIC3 in sensory nerves. METHODS Lactic acid was injected into the arterial blood supply of the hind limb to stimulate ASIC3 in muscle afferent nerves and evoke muscle metaboreceptor response in control rats and HF rats. In addition, western blot analysis was used to examine expression of ASIC3 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and patch clamp to examine current response with ASIC3 activation. RESULTS Lactic acid (4 μmol·kg) increased mean arterial pressure by 28 ± 5 mm Hg in controls (n = 6) but only by 16 ± 3 mm Hg (P < 0.05 vs control) in HF (n = 8). In addition, HF decreased the protein levels of ASIC3 in DRG (optical density, 1.03 ± 0.02 in control, vs 0.79 ± 0.03 in HF; P < 0.05; n = 6 in each group). The peak current amplitude of dorsal DRG neuron in response to ASIC3 stimulation is smaller in HF rats than that in control rats. CONCLUSIONS Compared with those in controls, cardiovascular responses to lactic acid administered into the hind limb muscles are blunted in HF rats owing to attenuated ASIC3. This suggests that ASIC3 plays a role in engagement in the attenuated metaboreceptor component of the exercise pressor reflex in HF.
Membrane: Operating system support for restartable file systems

We introduce Membrane, a set of changes to the operating system to support restartable file systems. Membrane allows an operating system to tolerate a broad class of file system failures, and does so while remaining transparent to running applications; upon failure, the file system restarts, its state is restored, and pending application requests are serviced as if no failure had occurred. Membrane provides transparent recovery through a lightweight logging and checkpoint infrastructure, and includes novel techniques to improve performance and correctness of its fault-anticipation and recovery machinery. We tested Membrane with ext2, ext3, and VFAT. Through experimentation, we show that Membrane induces little performance overhead and can tolerate a wide range of file system crashes. More critically, Membrane does so with little or no change to existing file systems, thus improving robustness to crashes without mandating intrusive changes to existing file-system code.
Fitness testing in the fibromyalgia diagnosis: the al-Ándalus project.

PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the ability of a set of physical fitness tests to discriminate presence or absence of fibromyalgia in women. METHODS The sample comprised 487 women with fibromyalgia (52.1 ± 8 yr) and 250 control women (49.3 ± 9 yr). We assessed physical fitness using the arm curl, 30-s chair stand, handgrip strength, 8-ft up and go, 6-min walk, chair sit and reach, and the back scratch tests. The revised fibromyalgia impact questionnaire was used to assess fibromyalgia severity and symptomatology. RESULTS Patients with fibromyalgia performed worse than control women in all the fitness tests studied (all, P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that all the fitness tests were able to discriminate between presence and absence of fibromyalgia (all, P < 0.001). The area under the curve ranged from 0.708 to 0.910 (all, P < 0.001). Among the fitness tests studied, the arm curl test, followed by the 30-s chair-stand and handgrip strength tests, showed the highest capacity discriminating between the presence and absence of fibromyalgia. An arm curl test score of <20 repetitions was associated with increased odds of having fibromyalgia (odds ratio (OR), 35.6; 95% confidence interval, 12.6-101) in women age 35-44 yr. An arm curl test score of <16 repetitions was associated with increased odds of having fibromyalgia (OR, 23.7; 95% confidence interval, 10.3-54.0) in women age 35-44 yr. In the group of women age 55-65 yr, the highest OR was observed for the handgrip strength test and the odds of having fibromyalgia was 17 times greater than that in patients who performed less than 19 kg. CONCLUSIONS The arm curl, 30-s chair stand, and handgrip strength tests powerfully discriminated women with fibromyalgia from healthy women. Identification of women who fail to meet the suggested standards can help to easily, quickly, and cheaply rule out the presence of the disease, especially in primary care settings.
Akt/GSK3&bgr; Survival Signaling Is Involved in Acute Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats

Background and Purpose— Apoptotic cell death is associated with acute brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3&bgr; (GSK3&bgr;) pathway plays an important role in the cell death/survival pathway after a variety of cell death stimuli. However, its role in acute brain injury after SAH remains unknown. Methods— We used an endovascular perforation model of SAH in rats. Phospho-Akt and phospho-GSK3&bgr; expression was examined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated uridine 5′-triphosphate-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and a cell death assay were used for detection of apoptosis. We administered LY294002 to examine the role of the Akt/GSK3&bgr; pathway in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway after SAH. Results— Phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3&bgr; was accelerated after SAH. In the cerebral cortex, where acute brain injury was the most severe, phosphorylation of these proteins was observed in the early phase after SAH. Cortical neurons with continuous Akt phosphorylation did not colocalize with TUNEL-positive cells at 24 hours. LY294002 reduced Akt and GSK3&bgr; phosphorylation and increased brain injury after SAH. Conclusions— The present study suggests that the Akt/GSK3&bgr; pathway might be involved in neuronal survival in acute brain injury after SAH.
Case‐control study in a subtropical Australian population to assess the relation between non‐melanoma skin cancer and epidermodysplasia verruciformis human papillomavirus DNA in plucked eyebrow hairs

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis human papillomavirus (EV‐HPV) DNA has been demonstrated in malignant and benign skin lesions and in hairs plucked from renal transplant recipients and immunocompetent patients. We investigated the association between EV‐HPV DNA in hairs plucked from eyebrows and the occurrence of non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in a community‐based study. Within a cohort of residents of a Queensland township (Nambour), nested case‐control studies of recently developed NMSC (64 cases), basal‐cell carcinoma (BCC) (51 cases) and squamous‐cell carcinoma (SCC) (25 cases) were conducted. EV‐HPV DNA in hair and a small number of available tumour samples was detected using a nested PCR specific for EV‐HPV types. EV‐HPV DNA was detected in hairs from 94 of 143 individuals (66%), and 36 (39%) of the samples contained 2 or more different EV‐HPV types. Only known or putatively new EV‐HPV types were detectable after sequencing 93 samples. EV‐HPV status agreed for 12 of 20 subjects who had both hair and skin tumour samples available. In 4 of 5 pairs of positive samples, the same EV‐HPV type was found. There were non‐significant negative associations between EV‐HPV and NMSC (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.34–1.8) and BCC (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.23–1.5) but a non‐significant positive association with SCC (OR 2.00, 95% CI 0.50–8.0). Int. J. Cancer 86:118–121, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current Evidence on the Socket-Shield Technique: A Systematic Review.

The recently popularized socket-shield technique involves intentional retention of a section of the remnant root at the time of immediate implant placement, thereby preserving the buccal/proximal bone from resorption. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the literature available on the socket-shield technique and weigh its biological plausibility and long-term clinical prognosis. A systematic search was performed on PubMed-Medline, Embase, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central for clinical/animal studies from January 1970 to April 2017. Twenty-three studies were assessed: 1 clinical case-control study, 4 animal histological reports, 1 clinical abstract, and 17+2* case reports. Eighteen out of the 23 studies had a duration of ≤12 months. A quality assessment of 5 studies (4 animal histologic and 1 clinical case-control) performed using the modified Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments guidelines revealed that 4/5 studies had low scores. Fifty-eight out of 70 (82.86%) implants from 4 animal histological studies had complications; buccal/crestal bone loss (54.55%) and failure of osseointegration (27.27%) were the most common. Thirty-three out of 136 (24.26%) implants from 19+2 (2 studies had both histologic and clinical components, which are assessed separately) clinical studies had complications; buccal/crestal bone loss (78.78%) and shield exposure/failure (12.12%) were the most common. Other complications recorded were periodontal ligament and cementum formation on implant surfaces, pocket formation, inflammation, mucositis, and peri-implantitis. However, some clinical reports indicated stable results at 12 months. It would be difficult to predict the long-term success of this technique until high-quality evidence becomes available. A video abstract is available for viewing at https://youtu.be/lNMeUxj2XPA? list=PLvRxNhB9EJqbqjcYMbwKbwi8Xpbb0YuHI .
Tissue Effects of Lasers

The historical development of lasers in surgery^ and in intra-abdominal gynecologic surgery" has been reviewed. This article reviews and updates previous publications, particularly those related to tissue effects of lasers. The purpose is to provide the reader with a knowledge of those techniques that can be predicted to be useful or to be harmful to patients. Additionally, it is hoped that this understanding will help in identifying procedures that justify the expense and time of learning and using laser technology.
Surviving Breast Cancer and Living with Lymphedema: Resiliency among Women in the Context of Their Families

This study involves secondary analysis of an existing qualitative dataset (in-depth interviews with survivors [n = 6] and health professionals [n = 2], observations of a support group [n = 3], and field notes). Based on previous findings from this dataset, new questions arose regarding why only some of post–breast cancer lymphedema women who were interviewed appeared resilient within the context of their families. In the present study, we reinvestigate this dataset using the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation to guide our investigation via the construction of an a priori template used in analyses. Three stressors are identified that contribute to the vulnerability of these women. Resiliency in the women is characterized as adjustment, adaptation, or crisis. The present findings provide a foundation for assisting women with lymphedema and their families and underscore practitioners’ need to serve the patient and the family.