Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anticipated Financial Contagion

We revisit the seminal model of financial contagion of Allen and Gale (2000) by allowing aggregate liquidity shocks to occur with positive probability. We study how an ex-post shock’s size and probability affect ex-ante portfolio choices and risk sharing across states and over time. We characterize a numerically approximate symmetric Nash equilibrium in the non-cooperative game between two regional banks. We describe parameter regions where contagion does and does not occur for positive probability of the aggregate liquidity shock. Our solution fully characterizes banks’ ex-ante optimal portfolio choices. Additionally, we present novel benchmarks where optimal risk sharing with observable types involves (i) full default after a large but sufficiently unlikely aggregate liquidity shock; (ii) holding excess liquidity when the shock is relatively likely; (iii) partial liquidation of investment after a small and unlikely shock; and (iv) both excess liquidity and partial liquidation for shocks of intermediate size and probability. We obtain a number of additional benchmark results numerically to show the robustness of our numerical approach and highlight its usefulness for the literature.
Prevalence of Malnutrition in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in A Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cirrhosis of liver is a progressively deteriorating disease. Medical management consist of treatment and prevention of complications. Nutritional intervention to improve nutritional status of the malnourished patient has favorable impact on prognosis. Traditional measures of nutritional assessment like Body Mass Index and waist circumference are inaccurate. This study was conducted to study the prevalence of malnutrition in cirrhotic patients. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The study included 60 cirrhotic patients from outpatient department. Subjective Global Assessment was performed for all participants and level of malnutrition recorded. Height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index were measured and recorded. Results: Among the cirrhotic patients, malnutrition was detected in 46 (76.66%) [68.38 to 85.94 at Confidence Interval 95%]. Out of 46 patients who were malnourished, 20 (43.47%) had mild to moderate malnutrition whereas 26 (56.53%) had severe malnutrition. The most common cause of cirrhosis was alcohol. The mean body mass index and mean waist circumference were within normal limits. Conclusions: Malnutrition is very common among cirrhotic patients and its prevalence increased from Child A to Child C status.
The role of approximate negators in modeling the automatic detection of negation in tweets

Although improvements have been made in the performance of sentiment analysis tools, the automatic detection of negated text (which affects negative sentiment prediction) still presents challenges. More research is needed on new forms of negation beyond prototypical negation cues such as “not” or “never. ” The present research reports findings on the role of a set of words called “approximate negators,” namely “barely,” “hardly,” “rarely,” “scarcely,” and “seldom,” which, in specific occasions (such as attached to a word from the non-affirmative adverb “any” family), can operationalize negation styles not yet explored. Using a corpus of 6,500 tweets, human annotation allowed for the identification of 17 recurrent usages of these words as negatives (such as “very seldom”) which, along with findings from the literature, helped engineer specific features that guided a machine learning classifier in predicting negated tweets. The machine learning experiments also modeled negation scope (i.e. in which specific words are negated in the text) by employing lexical and dependency graph information. Promising results included F1 values for negation detection ranging from 0.71 to 0.89 and scope detection from 0.79 to 0.88. Future work will be directed to the application of these findings in automatic sentiment classification, further exploration of patterns in data (such as part-of-speech recurrences for these new types of negation), and the investigation of sarcasm, formal language, and exaggeration as themes that emerged from observations during corpus annotation. THE ROLE OF APPROXIMATE NEGATORS IN MODELING THE AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF NEGATION IN TWEETS
Chaebols and Firm Dynamics in Korea

We study firm dynamics in Korea before and after the 1997-98 Asian crisis and pro-competitive reforms that reduced the dominance of chaebols. We find that in industries that were dominated by chaebols before the crisis, labour productivity and TFP of non-chaebol firms increased markedly after the reforms (relative to other industries). Furthermore, entry of non-chaebol firms increased significantly in all industries after the reform. After the crisis, the non-chaebol firms also dramatically increased their patenting activity. Finally, markups of chaebol firms declined substantially, especially with industries dominated by chaebols before the crisis. These results suggest that the crisis had the virtue of helping Korea move from catching-up growth based on investment in existing technologies to innovation-based growth.
The Five-Factor Asset Pricing Model Tests and Profitability and Investment Premiums: Evidence from Pakistan

ABSTRACT Using an extensive sample of the Pakistani stock market over the 2003–2016 period, this paper is the first to evaluate and compare the performance of four most popular factor pricing models: the Fama and French three-factor model, Carhart’s four-factor model, the five-factor model proposed by Fama and French, and the six-factor model that adds momentum to the five-factor model. We also test different nested models and find that the five-factor model best explains the returns of anomaly portfolios and outperforms the other models. We note that the profitability factor significantly improves the description of average returns, whereas factor spanning tests show that the value and momentum factors are redundant for the Pakistani stock market. Our results are robust to alternative factor definitions, formation of test assets, and across sub-periods.
Zinc transporter-3 [SLC30A3 (rs11126936)] polymorphism is associated with major depressive disorder in Asian subjects

Major depressive disorder (MDD) compromises the individual’s capacity for self-care and productivity. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of a number of genes have been associated with MDD. The zinc transporter-3 protein, encoded by the ZnT3 (SLC30A3) gene, maintains zinc-glutamate homeostasis at the glutamatergic synapse, a disruption of which increases risk of MDD. We hypothesise that variation in SLC30A3 (rs11126936) SNP increases risk of MDD. We recruited 300 MDD cases and 300 controls, matched in the ratio of 1:1 by age, gender and ethnicity. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used in DNA genotyping, validated by sequencing 10% of samples. Deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested using the chi-square test. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, occupation and family monthly income. Genotypes G/G and G/T showed two times greater odds of developing MDD compared to variant genotype T/T (OR=1.983, 95% CI=1.031-3.815; p=0.040 and OR=2.232, 95% CI=1.100-4.533; p=0.026 respectively). Carriers of genotypes G/G and G/T of the SNP rs11126936 in SLC30A3 are associated with increased risk of MDD.
The relationship of dispositional compassion with well-being: a study with a 15-year prospective follow-up

ABSTRACT We investigated the associations of individual’s compassion for others with his/her affective and cognitive well-being over a long-term follow-up. We used data from the prospective Young Finns Study (N = 1312‒1699) between 1997‒2012. High compassion was related to higher indicators of affective well-being: higher positive affect (B = 0.221, p < .001), lower negative affect (B = −0.358, p < .001), and total score of affective well-being (the relationship of positive versus negative affect) (B = 0.345, p < .001). Moreover, high compassion was associated with higher indicators of cognitive well-being: higher social support (B = 0.194, p < .001), life satisfaction (B = 0.149, p < .001), subjective health (B = 0.094, p < .001), optimism (B = 0.307, p < .001), and total score of cognitive well-being (B = 0.265, p < .001). Longitudinal analyses showed that high compassion predicted higher affective well-being over a 15-year follow-up (B = 0.361, p < .001) and higher social support over a 10-year follow-up (B = 0.230, p < .001). Finally, compassion was more likely to predict well-being (B = [−0.076; 0.090]) than vice versa, even though the predictive relationships were rather modest by magnitude.
Gender Income Gap Over Life-Cycle: Cross-Country Analysis

Despite the vast literature on the gender disparities in the labor market participation and outcomes, there is a scarce literature on the gender gap in total income. This paper tries to fill the research gap and has threefold contribution to the existing literature. First, the paper studies the gender gap in aggregate income instead of focusing only one component – wages. Second, the analysis of the gap in four age categories reveals how the income gap behaves throughout the “life-cycle”. And three, the gap is analysed in 25 countries that allows observing the institutional differences that are not apparent in case of single-country study. In most countries the unexplained median total income gap is the lowest among the youngest and increases throughout the life-cycle. However, there are countries, where the gap peaks in the youngest age group, for example, in Bulgaria. There is a large heterogeneity among countries in the unexplained gap size. Among the working age people, the unexplained median income gap is above 70% in Greece, while the lowest gap, approximately 4%, is reported in Slovenia. The paper suggests that trade union membership reduces and minimum wages increase the unexplained income gap of low-income individuals below age 45. More generous maternity leave increases it for low-income individuals between age 25-44, while formal child-care has negative impact throughout the distribution for the oldest. The analysis shows that "one-size-fits-all" policies are unable to respond adequately the gender gap issue in different income sources.
THE INFLUENCE OF E-SERVICE QUALITY TOWARD E-SATISFACTION, E-TRUST, E-WORD OF MOUTH AND ONLINE REPURCHASE INTENTION: A STUDY ON THE CONSUMERS OF THE THREE-STAR HOTELS IN LAMPUNG

The development of business through internet media (e-business) is increasingly prevalent throughout the world. Information and communication technology has also caused borderless relations and caused significant social, economic and cultural changes to occur so quickly. This study aims to examine and explain the effect of electronic service quality on electronic satisfaction, electronic trust, e-word of mouth and online repurchase intention. The survey method was used in this study and for the study sample there were 142 respondents who were hotel consumers who had stayed at one of the three-star hotels in Lampung Province, Indonesia. The research location is 15 three star hotels in Lampung Province, which consists of 13 districts and 2 cities. The questionnaire is the main instrument for collecting primary data. The data analysis used is descriptive statistics and Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). The results of this study are two hypotheses is not significant, namely e-satisfaction and e-trust has no significant effect on e-wom. The new finding in the results of this study is that there is a significant effect between e-wom on online repurchase intention, where prior study has no effect between the two variables on online repurchases on the hotel website. The new finding of this study are significant effect between e-wom on the online repurchase intention, which was not previously found related to online purchases on the hotel website. which online marketing can provide satisfaction and trust to customers, so they make repeat purchases. Of the six variables with ten tested hypotheses, there is one hypothesis was found, e-wom has a significant effect on online repurchase intention, shows that if consumers feel satisfied and believe in a service, they are happy to recommend the service to others (e-wom). The effect is that the customer will repurchase the service. This study examines the behavior of customers, especially consumers of three-star hotels who visit in Lampung Province in relation to e-service quality and e-satisfaction obtained during interaction with three-star hotels in Lampung Province. Customer behavior includes aspects of e-satisfaction, e-trust, e-word of mouth, and online repurchase intention. The results of this study are expected to enrich the literature relating to customer behavior.
EULAR points to consider for the development, evaluation and implementation of mobile health applications aiding self-management in people living with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases

Background Mobile health applications (apps) are available to enable people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) to better self-manage their health. However, guidance on the development and evaluation of such apps is lacking. Objectives The objective of this EULAR task force was to establish points to consider (PtC) for the development, evaluation and implementation of apps for self-management of RMDs. Methods A systematic literature review of app content and development strategies was conducted, followed by patient focus group and an online survey. Based on this information and along with task force expert opinion, PtC were formulated in a face-to-face meeting by a multidisciplinary task force panel of experts, including two patient research partners. The level of agreement among the panel in regard to each PtC was established by anonymous online voting. Results Three overarching principles and 10 PtC were formulated. Three PtC are related to patient safety, considered as a critical issue by the panel. Three are related to relevance of the content and functionalities. The requirement for transparency around app development and funding sources, along with involvement of relevant health professionals, were also raised. Ease of app access across ages and abilities was highlighted, in addition to considering the cost benefit of apps from the outset. The level of agreement was from 8.8 to 9.9 out of 10. Conclusion These EULAR PtC provide guidance on important aspects that should be considered for the development, evaluation and implementation of existing and new apps.
Overview of mechanistic particle resuspension models: comparison with compilation of experimental data

Abstract In this study, several mechanistic models for particle removal from substrates were introduced and their predictive ability was tested. Empirically optimized parameters for a selected set of particle-substrate combinations were obtained and the ability of these models to predict resuspension for a large number of particle-substrate combinations and flow conditions using the published experimental data was explored. Our analysis showed that accurate predictions for a broad spectrum of particle-substrate combinations require accounting for substrate roughness and particle non-sphericity. From analysis of our compiled experimental data set, it was determined that the shear velocities required for particle resuspension follow a log-normal distribution, with geometric standard deviations in the range of 1.4 to 1.7. From comparison of the calculated and measured critical shear velocities, we found that a critical roughness parameter value of Δc = 0.774 is a reasonable estimate for most real substrates. We show that the combination of parameters determined from our study and models that account for roughness and particle non-sphericity, it is possible to predict particle resuspension from most substrates with reasonable accuracy.
Immune responses post haematopoietic stem cell transplant : clinical studies of vaccination and autoimmunity

3 Impact Statement . 5 List of Tables . 17 List of Figures . 19 Acknowledgements . 21 Publications and Presentation . 24 Published Papers . 24 Manuscripts Submitted or in Preparation . 24 Peer-Reviewed Presentations . 25 Invited Speaker Presentations . 26 List of Abbreviations . 27
Do Bank Bailouts Affect the Provision of Trade Credit?

Abstract We document that borrowers of banks that received capital support under TARP/CPP significantly increased their quarterly provision of trade credit (accounts receivable) during the crisis by 5.2%, while borrowers of other banks did not. The effect is strongest in 2008Q4, and larger for pre-crisis riskier, growth-oriented and bank-dependent firms and for firms that borrow from pre-crisis smaller, less profitable and better capitalized CPP banks. Our difference-in-differences analysis shows that the effect is caused by CPP and not by heterogeneity between firms, banks and time periods. Our study provides novel evidence that suggests a beneficial multiplier effect of bank bailouts.
The Analysis of Traangle Fraud Factors to Fraudulent Financial Statement

This This research aims to analyze the fraud triangle against fraudulent financial statement. Based on research conducted [13] et al., This study developed a variable of the fraud triangle that can be used,namely the pressure is proxied by financial stability (AGROW), external pressure (LEV) and financial targets (ROA). Opportunities are proxied by ineffective monitoring (IND). And rationalization proxied by the change of auditors (AUDCHANGE). While fraudulent financial statements are measured by [2] Score. The population in this research was manufacturing companies in 2012-2014 listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Companies that take into population is 152 companies, while the research sample was 47 companies and a number of observations made during the years 2012-2014 is 141 items, observations. Statistical tests showed that empirically variable pressure proxied by financial stability (AGROW) has a significant positive effect on the level of risk of fraudulent financial statements. While variable pressure is proxied by external pressure (LEV) and financial targets (ROA) has positive and negative influences were insignificant. Opportunities are proxied by ineffective monitoring (IND) have no significant negative influence. And rationalization is proxied by the change of auditors (AUDCHANGE) had no significant positive effect.
Class in the 21st century: Asset inflation and the new logic of inequality

What becomes of class when residential property prices in major cities around the world accrue more income in a year than the average wage worker? This paper investigates the dynamic of combined wage disinflation and asset price inflation as a key to understanding the growth of inequality in recent decades. Taking the city of Sydney, Australia, as exemplary of a dynamic that has unfolded across the Anglo-American economies, it explains how residential property was constructed as a financial asset and how government policies helped to generate the phenomenal house price inflation and unequal capital gains of recent years. Proceeding in close conversation with Thomas Piketty's work on inequality and recent sociological contributions to the question of class, we argue that employment and wage-based taxonomies of class are no longer adequate for understanding a process of stratification in which capital gains, capital income and intergenerational transfers are preeminent. We conclude the paper by outlining a new asset-based class taxonomy which we intend to specify further in subsequent work.
Sociographic analysis of climate change awareness and pro-environmental behaviour of secondary school teachers and students in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria

Abstract This study examined students’ and teachers’ awareness of climate change and their willingness to adopt pro-environmental behaviour in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State Nigeria, using sociographical variables. Participants were drawn from Senior Secondary 1–3 students, as well as their teachers, all from secondary schools across the rural and urban geographical divide. Sociographical factors that have considerable effects on awareness of climate change and willingness to adopt pro-environmental behaviour were ascertained using the instrument “Awareness of Climate Change and Pro-Environmental Behaviour Willingness Questionnaire (ACCPEBWQ),” made up of 44 items on a 4-point Likert type format. A sample of 312 students and 56 teachers was used for the study with descriptive, mean, t test, ANOVA statistics, and correlation techniques employed in data analysis. Gender of students shows a significant difference in awareness of climate change and willingness to embrace pro-environmental behaviour, with male students showing both higher awareness and willingness to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. For teachers, though no significant effects were established for different variables tested in the study, they had a significantly higher awareness of climate change mean scores than students. There was a high positive and significant relationship between the level of awareness of climate change and the level of willingness to adopt pro-environmental behaviour. The study calls for increased dissemination of climate change information among females and the association of climate change issues pto prevalent environmental conditions, for better comprehension by art students.
Forty Years of Irrigation Development and Reform in China

This study reviews 40 years of irrigation development in China including the transformation of the institutional and incentive structures in irrigation management. After rural reforms in the 1970s, irrigation investments slowed until the late 1990s. In North China, farmers became major investors in groundwater irrigation, leading to property rights’ transfer of tube wells from collective to private ownership. Despite positive effects in cropping patterns, farmer income and development of groundwater markets, privatisation has accelerated groundwater table deterioration. Since the middle of 1990s, Water User Associations have replaced village collective management of surface irrigation. This approach was adopted by most provinces by early 2001 with mixed results; only institutions with water‐saving incentives realised efficient irrigation. The Government is reforming water price policies to provide water‐saving incentives to farmers while not hurting their income. While China has focused on water rights and markets, and despite regulations and pilot projects, full implementation of water rights has been slow. Research reveals greater policy scope for expanding irrigation technologies that generate real water saving to rural areas. Given pressure associated with water scarcity and concern for food security, further effective reforms in irrigation and policy incentives are expected. The Government has also initiated some pilot projects to resolve increasing water scarcity problems through adjusting agricultural production activities.
Inattention in the Rental Housing Market: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

We investigate the question of whether agents on the rental housing market are inattentive to sizeable side costs of renting, namely commissions payable by renters to real estate agents appointed by landlords. We exploit a natural experiment created by a policy reform in Germany that shifted the payment liability for commissions from renters to landlords. Based on panel data on oﬀers for apartments to rent, we ﬁnd evidence for substantial inattention. This has allocative as well as distributional consequences as it implies an inefﬁciently high demand for real estate agent services at the expense of renters.