Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nucleus Cattle Breeding Programme in the Lake Victoria Crescent Region of Uganda

The availability and accessibility of livestock products, facilitated by efficient farm production, is highly recognized by Uganda as one of the major ways of alleviating poverty. Although animal genetic improvement offers one of the most powerful and cheapest means of improving the productivity of farm animals, its effective exploitation has been hampered by lack of well planned and executed breeding programmes. With the help of the open nucleus breeding strategy, recommended by many authors for developing countries (Bondoc et el., 1993; Smith, 1988; Kahi et el., 2004), the National Animal Genetic Resources Centre and Databank (NAGRC&DB) is making efforts to put systematic cattle breeding programmes in place. The essence of this study therefore, is to evaluate a range of open nucleus plans (genetical and operational) for the Holstein-Friesian and Ankole (local) cattle breed populations. The best plans will then be recommended for execution. The study covers the Lake Victoria crescent region in Uganda, a region with an on-going Herd/Milk Recording Scheme, which has provided much of the data. SelAction (computer programme) which uses deterministic simulation, will be used in the evaluation of the different genetic plans. The modes of operation (modus operandi) of the nuclei are to be derived from other studies and literature. 1. Background and aim of the study The multifaceted role of livestock in combating rural poverty, and enhancing food security in terms of quality and quantity makes it an indispensable tool in development. Increasing the availability of nutrients, especially of protein, produced by farm animals is one of the ways out of poverty and malnutrition prevailing in many developing countries. The per capita availability of livestock products in Uganda is 40 litres of milk and 5.6 kg of meat, a pathetic level compared to the FAO recommendations (FAO, 1974-1977) of 200 litres and 50 kg, respectively. At the political level, Uganda has responded to this problem by making animal breeding an important component of its Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP), which is a comprehensive development framework (MAAIF/MFPED, 2000). The National Animal Genetic Resources Centre and Databank (NAGRC&DB), a body corporate under the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) with the mandate to oversee animal breeding activities in the country, is trying to streamline cattle breeding programmes in the country. The legal basis of its operation is a law entitled “The Animal Breeding Act” (Nakimbugwe et al., 2002). Uganda is one of the few developing countries which have recognised the importance of livestock breeding up to this level.
Body Image and Its Effect on Predicted Life Outcomes in the Adult Male Population

An important area of research that has emerged is the assessment of factors that contribute to the male population’s preoccupation with body image. The purpose of this study was to determine if perceived body image plays a different role in predicted life success for younger adult males (1824 years old) or older adult males (25+). Expanding on research (Buss, 2002) that focused on personal qualities men find significantly more important for the success of their gender (outside of physical body image). It was predicted that because young men attending college may not have been afforded the opportunity to obtain success in other areas of their lives such as occupational, income, or marital achievements, body image would play a more important role in their overall evaluation of life success. 2) It was also predicted that older men would place less emphasis on body image. General research questions included: 1) Is there a significant relationship between the age groups on BMI and body image satisfaction? 2) What is the importance and motivation for exercise across the age groups? This final general research question was the only one supported by the data. Individuals who were motivated to exercise because they wanted to lose weight were more likely to have lower BIQLI scores.
Efficiency analysis of the designations of origin in the Spanish wine sector

The wine Common Market Organisation has established two concepts for recognizing the quality of wines in the European Union (EU). The first corresponds to the so-called Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), and the second to the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). The set of Spanish PDOs includes the subset of Spanish DOs (Designation of Origin), which have been recognized as quality wines by Spanish authorities since 1932. Spain accounts for 67 DOs but, due to a lack of data, only 34 of them are suitable for carrying out our analysis. We will analyze the efficiency of this subset for the 2008, 2009 and 2010 seasons resorting to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and using a new additive based efficiency measure known as BAM (Bounded Adjusted Measure). Since we are using panel data, we will also evaluate the productivity associated with this data set resorting to Malmquist indexes. Our results show that the efficiency behavior of the subset of Spanish DOs is uniform over the time periods analyzed and that productivity experiments only minor and irrelevant changes. They also show that three DOs are in a very good competitive position while another three DOs are in a very bad position. We end up suggesting some economic reasons for explaining these results.
Breeding and age-structure seasonality in Carollia brevicauda and other frugivorous bats (Phyllostomidae) in cloud forests in the Venezuelan Andes

The most universal adaptations of tropical frugivores to the seasonal rhythms of fruiting involve their annual breeding cycles. In bats, these cycles typically follow a pattern termed bimodal polyestry, consisting in the production of one offspring per female twice during the breeding season. We use data gathered along 29 years to show that, in cloud forests in the Venezuelan Andes, the breeding cycles of Carollia brevicauda and other frugivorous phyllostomid bats (eigth species of the genera Sturnira , Artibeus , Dermanura , Enchisthenes , and Platyrrhinus ) conform to bimodal polyestry, with a high interspecific synchronization and a low interannual variability. We analyze the adaptive significance of this pattern in terms of three hypothetical variables: demand, consumption, and supply of food sources, explicitly concluding that the seasonality of fruit production, resulting from the average rainfall regime, is the ultimate factor causing bimodal polyestry. The constancy in the seasonal schedule of breeding and concomitant fluctuation of age proportions, both in the bat populations studied under natural conditions, and in captive Carollia colonies maintained under year-round uniform conditions, suggests presence of an endogenous component in the annual breeding cycles of frugivorous phyllostomids. To conclude, we argue that the seasonality of fruiting is also likely to be the proximate environmental factor modulating these cycles, irrespective of whether it does so indirectly as a time cue entraining endogenous rhythms, or directly as a limiting factor determining whether bat breeding and population growth are possible. Key words: Artibeus , bimodal polyestry, circannual rhythms, Dermanura , Enchisthenes , environmental cues, Platyrrhinus , reproductive strategies, Sturnira , tropical seasons.
Governance and Economic Growth

Because protection of property rights cannot be appropriated by any individual, it is widely recognized as being the state's responsibility. Moreover, recent empirical evidence suggests that protection of property rights leads to higher investment levels and faster growth. The extent of property rights protection differs significantly across countries. The author integrates the emergence of property rights within a simple growth framework. Drawing on North (1990), he presents a model where economic performance and enforcement of property rights may reinforce each other. Initial conditions determine the economy's convergence to a high-income or a low-income steady state. Existing empirical evidence offers tentative support for this theory.
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Techniques on Intermediate Iranian EFL Learners' Reading Comprehension and Reading Strategies

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cooperative Learning techniques on Intermediate Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension, and reading strategies. In order to do this 90 Iranian EFL learners took, Preliminary English Test (PET), at the start for the researcher homogenize them regarding their general English proficiency. After that, 60 learners whose scores were one standard deviation above and below the mean were selected and were divided into 2groups; Experimental, and Control. Then their homogeneity regarding their reading comprehension was checked through the PET reading comprehension subtest. Afterwards, their reading strategies before the treatment were compared using MARSI questionnaire. During the twelve sessions of treatment the experimental group received the Cooperative Learning Techniques while working on their reading comprehension, and the control group, received traditional teaching without focus on CL techniques. In this study the researcher did not teach reading strategies to the learners. In order to investigate the result of the research a one way MANOVA sample test was used to see the effect of cooperative learning techniques on intermediate Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension, and reading strategies, and the result has shown that cooperative learning techniques had a significant positive effect on intermediate Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension, and reading strategies.
MPIfG Working Paper 09/2: How Are Markets Made?

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the making of markets. The paper identifies two ideal-typical processes in which markets are made – organized making and spontaneous making – which are often combined in reality. Organized making is defined as a process in which at least two actors come together and decide on the order of the market. There are two ways of organized making of markets, called “state-governed market making” and “self-governed market making. ” Spontaneous making is defined as a process in which the market is an unintended result of actors’ activities. The attention sociologists have paid to the issue of market making has been directed largely at organized market making. This paper develops a sociological approach that integrates both spontaneous and organized market making, and identifies three phases of market making. This involves a discussion of empirical cases, and seven hypotheses are presented that make predictions for the two types of market making. The paper provides theoretical tools for studying the making of markets in history, as well as in our own time. Finally, a number of conditions are presented that must be in place if there is to be a market.
Modeling of three-phase induction motors in dynamic regimes according to an ecosystem pattern

Within the present industrial society the humans further challenges are doubtless related to a sustainable industrial metabolism, integrating industrial activity into ecological systems. An approach of technical systems and ecological systems as parts of the same system, the industrial ecosystem, could provide a holistic view of the interactions and symbiosis interrelationships among human activities, technical systems operation and ecological processes. In this study are pointed the ecosystem key-features suitable for the electrically driven transportation systems analysis. By modeling the electrical traction machines dynamic regimes according to an industrial ecosystem pattern, one could attempt to minimize the environmental impacts and optimize the efficiency of energy use within the transportation systems operation.
Early Postoperative Hemodynamics and Clinical Outcomes of Patients Receiving Freedom Solo Aortic Valve Replacement The Asian Experience.

Methodology: 4 patients (2 male; 2 female; mean age 49.25 ± 23.78 years; range: from 25 to 73) who underwent AVR with FS valve in a single center were enrolled in the study. 2 patients underwent AVR for aortic stenosis and 2 patients for aortic regurgitation. Clinical and biological outcomes were recorded. Echocardiographic parameters were compared between preoperative and 5 months postoperative observation.
Voluntary Sustainability Reporting Practices in Germany: A Study on Reporting Quality

Sustainability reports are a modern concept of interdisciplinary reporting. they indicate the simultaneous integration of economic, environmental and social elements. this study evaluates the quality of German sustainability reports by using GR i guidelines as a benchmark for developing and applying a scoring model. this allows assessing whether sustainability reporting is a suitable instrument to achieve positive effects such as cost-reductions, risk reductions or competitive advantages. twenty-six reports from companies listed on the dAX30 and the M dAX were analysed. the reports scored well in their depiction of the respective companies but were of inadequate quality in relation to sustainability performance. the depiction of social and environ mental aspects scored an average of approximately 40 per cent, which reveals no more than a mediocre understanding of the prevailing requirements. in comparison, the average degree of achievement with respect to economic dimension was only 13.83 per cent. A weak positive correlation was found between the financial strength of a company and the quality of sustainability reporting. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between length and quality of the reports. t he findings document a need for sustainability repor ting standards as well as mandatory external audits of such reports.
An Empirical Evaluation of the ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems for Certified Work Organizations in Kuwait as Benchmarked against Analogous Swedish Organizations

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and explore the quality management system (QMS) of the ISO 9001 certified work organizations in Kuwait and evaluate their expectation and satisfaction levels with respect to the auditing procedures performed by various well-known certification bodies. The research has addressed multiple quality principles through a well-designed, verified and validated questionnaire. The research was based on 98 valid responded questionnaires as format (A) and 69 items as format (B). Thus, two formats were distributed for each organization under the study. Formats (A) and (B) are tailored toward quality managers or quality management representatives and non-quality related employees respectively, in the same organization. The differences in attitudes and awareness level between these two categories are statistically measured. Furthermore, for the purpose of benchmarking, some of the research results are compared against previous research results conducted in Sweden.
Effect of extremely low-frequency (50 Hz) field on proliferation rate of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: The effects of non-ionizing extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-EMF) chronic exposure on human beings due to its potential health hazards has become a focus of interest since many years ago. Adipose tissue has been known as a source of multipotent stromal stem cells (MSCs), which can be obtained by a less invasive method and in large amounts compared with bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs). This study aimed to consider the effect of ELF-EMF on proliferation and differentiation rates of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Methods: The effect of ELF-EMF with intensity of 0.5 and 1 mT and 50 Hz on proliferation rates of hADSCs at 20 and 40 min/day for 7 days was assessed. MTT assay was used to determine the growth and metabolism of cells and Trypan blue test was also done for cell viability. Results: The lively hMSCs counting after ELF-EMF exposure at 7th day by Trypan blue staining showed that the proliferation in all groups of exposure was higher than the sham groups. There was an inconsistence result of MTT assay Trypan blue in group of 1 mT and 40 min/day exposure. In contrast to results of MTT assay, the proliferation rate of hMSCs in this group assessed by Trypan blue staining was significantly more than the sham group (P<0.05) Conclusion: The results showed that 0.5 and 1 mT magnetic field strengths can be used to the proliferation rates of the (human mesenchymal stem cells) hMSCs derived from adipose tissue regarding the duration of exposure, although the effective mechanisms in this process are still unknown.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOL AND UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS WITH ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION

Entrepreneurial intention is the precursor of entrepreneurial activities. It is an intellectual state which is considered the most significant construct to predict entrepreneurial behaviors. Individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions are determined by multiple factors. As one of these factors, entrepreneurship education has many potential consequences or benefits since the role of education individuals receive and the transferable abilities they gain during their higher education are highly important for building certain characteristics that are usually attributed to entrepreneurial behaviors. Therefore, the present study aims to compare entrepreneurial intentions of vocational school and undergraduate students receiving entrepreneurship education in a foundation university. The study data was collected using questionnaires. The results of the study demonstrated that the entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate students who take entrepreneurship courses is higher compared to vocational school students. Additionally, 58.6% of vocational school and undergraduate students who take entrepreneurship courses believe that these courses lead them to entrepreneurship.
Dehalogenation and contemporaneous removal of halocarbon using graphene/Ni nanoparticles

Here we report on the chemical reactivity of graphene supported Ni nanoparticles, prepared by an one-step bottom-up chemical strategy in the presence of graphene nanosheets obtained by physical exfoliation of graphite. We have found that graphene/Ni nanoparticles are active for chlordane removal through a two-step mechanism, involving chlordane degradation by Ni nanoparticles supported on graphene and subsequent adsorption of the degraded products by the graphene surface.
The Effect of Auditor’s Industry Specialization on the Quality of Financial Reporting of the Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange

This study examines the effect of auditor’s industry specialization on quality of financial reporting of the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 7 years from 2008 to 2014. It is expected that industry specialist auditors will show more competence and auditing quality in discovering opportunistic behavior in executives and most probably they will report financial statements to maintain their reputation; in other words, it is expected that auditors specialized in industry will have an effective role in corporate governance and improving the quality of financial reporting. In this research, the accurate of predicting future cash flows operations through components of the operation profit was served as a measure for the quality of financial reporting and patters of the market share based on the total audited properties of the company and total auditor income was used as auditor expertise characteristics in that audited unit's industry were used. A total number of 119 companies were selected as samples and using logit regression model, the results were analyzed. The findings suggest that auditor's expertise in the industry, has a direct impact on the quality of corporate financial reporting. In this regard, testing the research's hypotheses showed that the auditor expertise in the industry (on the basis of market share pattern based on auditor's total revenue) has no significant effect on the quality of financial reporting. However, if the auditor expertise in the industry (on the basis of market share pattern based on the sum of the audited assets) was to be measured, it will leave a significant effect on the quality of financial reports. Therefore, it is concluded that the factor of the auditor's expertise in the industry is sensitive in relation with the type of indices used to assess it.
Effects of a novel carbohydrate fraction on broiler performance and intestinal function

This study was performed to determine the effects of a natural yeast-based feed ingredient (natural carbohydrate fraction (NCF) isolated from a specific strain of yeast) on broiler chickens, and to examine its mode of action. The trial was set up as a complete randomized design with three treatments and eight replicates (38 Ross 308 chickens per pen). Two levels of NCF, 0.2 g/kg and 0.4 g/kg, were compared to a negative control. The NCF addition increased body weight during the initial period, but this benefit was lost towards the end of the trial. Feed conversion ratio was improved significantly with 0.4 g NCF/kg (1.79 compared with 1.83 in control group). Mortality was numerically lower in the groups receiving NCF. Significant effects on caecal bacterial population were not found. Intestine length and weight were not affected by treatments, while some changes in intestine histology were found. The area described as the ‘cup’ of mucus-producing cells, representing the quantity of stored mucins, was significantly larger in chickens receiving NCF. Relative weights of the spleen and bursa of Fabricius did not change significantly compared with the control. The NCF can improve performance and affects mucus-producing cells. Full elucidation of the mechanisms of action requires further research. Keywords: Yeast, mucus, mucin, goblet cell, Sacharomyces cerevisiae cell wall products
COMPARISON BETWEEN A REAL FIELD TRIP AND A VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP IN A NATURE PRESERVE: KNOWLEDGE GAINED IN BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

The research presents a case study in the scope of which real and virtual field trips have been compared. The emphasis was on determining the levels of knowledge gain effectiveness in the fields of biology and ecology. A pre-existing natural trail in the protected area of Maribor Island was chosen and digitized for the purposes of the study. During the development of the virtual trail, real fieldwork was simulated in order to ensure a valid comparison. In the spring of 2011, field exercise tests were conducted by means of a study sample consisting of 211 (8th grade) lower secondary school students. The results have generally shown minute differences between the levels of knowledge acquisition effectiveness between both field trips. The results have also led to the conclusion that the students participating in the real field trip were more successful in their performance regarding the exercises they had been assigned, which included real objects serving as tools supporting the students in their observation and investigation endeavours. On the other hand, the students participating in the virtual field trip were more successful with regard to computer-assisted exercises, where they were able to access additional information on more complex processes. Key words: education, knowledge gain, lower secondary school, virtual field trip.