Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Similarities and uniqueness of Ly α emitters among star-forming galaxies at z = 2.5

We conducted a deep narrow-band imaging survey with the Subaru Prime Focus Camera on the Subaru Telescope and constructed a sample of Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) at z=2.53 in the UDS-CANDELS field where a sample of H$\alpha$ emitters (HAEs) at the same redshift is already obtained from our previous narrow-band observation at NIR. The deep narrow-band and multi broadband data allow us to find LAEs of stellar masses and star-formation rates (SFRs) down to $\gtrsim$$10^8$ M$_\odot$ and $\gtrsim$0.2 M$_\odot$/yr, respectively. We show that the LAEs are located along the same mass-SFR sequence traced by normal star-forming galaxies such as HAEs, but towards a significantly lower mass regime. Likewise, LAEs seem to share the same mass--size relation with typical star-forming galaxies, except for the massive LAEs, which tend to show significantly compact sizes. We identify a vigorous mass growth in the central part of LAEs: the stellar mass density in the central region of LAEs increases as their total galaxy mass grows. On the other hand, we see no Ly$\alpha$ line in emission for most of the HAEs. Rather, we find that the Ly$\alpha$ feature is either absent or in absorption (Ly$\alpha$ absorbers; LAAs), and its absorption strength may increase with reddening of the UV continuum slope. We demonstrate that a deep Ly$\alpha$ narrow-band imaging like this study is able to search for not only LAEs but also LAAs in a certain redshift slice. This work suggests that LAEs trace normal star-forming galaxies in the low-mass regime, while they remain as a unique population because the majority of HAEs are not LAEs.
Observation of inhomogeneous depinning in YBa2Cu3O7 composite multilayers

Composite multilayer films (CMLs) comprising YBa2Cu3O7 + BaHfO3 (4.7 vol%)/YBa2Cu3O7 + BaHfO3 (3.1 vol%) were fabricated, and vortex behavior in the CMLs was evaluated to discuss inhomogeneous depinning of vortices. Magnetic field and angular dependences of critical current density (Jc) in the CMLs were similar to those in the YBa2Cu3O7 + BaHfO3 (4.7 vol%) single layer film (SL). Variation of the CML structure shifted the matching field effect in global pinning force and irreversibility temperature. The Jc in the YBa2Cu3O7 + BaHfO3 (4.7 vol%) SL was smaller than that in the YBa2Cu3O7 + BaHfO3 (3.1 vol%) SL, suggesting that vortices preferentially moved along the low-Jc layers in the CMLs. The high-Jc layers pinned the vortices in the low-Jc layers, resulting in a shift of the matching field effect. These observations are characteristic of inhomogeneous depinning of vortices in the CMLs. The inhomogeneous depinning as well as pinned configuration should be considered for understanding Jc and for structural design of pinning centers in YBa2Cu3O7 films.
Percepção do estresse e estressores de enfermeiros de um hospital universitário

Este estudo avaliou a percepção de estresse e estressores de enfermeiros de um hospital universitário e coletou sugestões de ações para amenizar o estresse. O estudo, descritivo, transversal, qualitativo e quantitativo foi realizado com 70 enfermeiros de diversas unidades de um hospital. Utilizou-se a Escala de Estresse de Bianchi e uma pergunta aberta. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados pelo programa SPSS e foram feitas análises descritivas e inferenciais. Para os dados qualitativos, utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados indicaram que a maior parte (67%) dos sujeitos apresentou nível médio de estresse. O domínio B (atividades relacionadas ao funcionamento adequado da unidade) teve a média de escore de estresse mais alta (5,2) em todas as unidades estudadas. A média de estresse dos enfermeiros que exercem função de chefia foi significantemente maior do que a média dos que não exercem (p=0,002). A área temática "Melhores condições para o trabalho" foi a mais citada como sugestão para amenizar o estresse. Os dados obtidos indicaram que a situação atual de precarização do hospital está relacionada com o estresse dos enfermeiros. Considera-se que o estudo permitiu ampla compreensão sobre o estresse e estressores em enfermeiros do hospital e subsídios para estudos posteriores.
Experimental evaluation of the mean momentum and kinetic energy balance equations in turbulent pipe flows at high Reynolds number

ABSTRACT In light of recent data from hot-wire anemometry and laser Doppler velocimetry, this article explores experimentally the momentum balance and kinetic energy production in fully developed turbulent pipe flow for shear Reynolds numbers in the range from two pipe facilities. It has become common practice to indirectly deduce the Reynolds shear stress via the mean flow data and the mean-momentum balance whenever the simultaneous measurements of the streamwise and wall-normal velocity fluctuations can not be performed precisely. The current assessment underlines, however, the importance of measuring the Reynolds shear stress directly, and the friction velocity independently from the mean-velocity profile to ascertain the quality of the data when utilising the momentum balance. The present analysis also reinforces the universality of the viscous stress gradient to the Reynolds shear stress gradient in the wall vicinity up to the inner limit of the logarithmic layer. The new set of the experimental data shows that Panton's stress function reproduces the measured Reynolds shear stress and kinetic energy production in turbulent pipe flows over a wide Reynolds number range to a high degree.
Reweighted LP decoding for LDPC codes

We introduce a novel algorithm for decoding binary linear codes by linear programming. We build on the LP decoding algorithm of Feldman et al. and introduce a post-processing step that solves a second linear program that reweights the objective function based on the outcome of the original LP decoder output. Our analysis shows that for some LDPC ensembles we can improve the provable threshold guarantees compared to standard LP decoding. We also show significant empirical performance gains for the reweighted LP decoding algorithm with very small additional computational complexity.
Fundamental interactions governing the (non-)equilibrium electronic structure in low dimensions

This thesis explores the electronic structure and ultrafast dynamics of two lowdimensional materials with focus on the role of intrinsic interactions and couplings to the environment. Charge carriers in the matter are never completely independent: they interact among each other and couple to lattice vibrations (phonons) and other excitations. Their behavior is also influenced by the environment in which the material is embedded. Moreover, confining charges to low dimensions promotes interactions and enhances the impact of the environment. All these factors lead to a variety of static and dynamic properties, and potentially to the emergence of new phases of matter. Investigating a system out of its equilibrium helps the assignment of each fundamental interaction to the related physical property. Remarkably, addressing ultrafast dynamics can also uncover novel properties which otherwise would not be accessible at equilibrium. The first study of this thesis explores the modification of the unoccupied electronic structure of ultrathin films of SiO2 by electron quantum confinement and investigates the electronic coupling at the interface with the Ru(0001) substrate. By means of timeresolved two-photon photoelectron spectroscopy, the formation of quantized states is resolved, whose energies are altered by the image potential of the metal. The second and major study deals with the quasi-one-dimensional material Ta2NiSe5 which shows a combined electronic and structural phase transition upon heating and likely exhibits an excitonic insulator ground state. Here, the ultrafast charge carrier, exciton and lattice dynamics are disclosed by complementary time-resolved photoelectron and optical spectroscopies. The electron relaxation rate follows an anomalous dependence on the excess energy and is reduced by the transient increase of screening of the Coulomb interaction. The coherent phonon dynamics are generated by the photoinduced displacement of the charges. Optical absorption saturation restrains the number of photoexcited charges thereby hindering a photoinduced structural change. Also, the electronic band gap is transiently modulated by means of light. Nontrivially, it widens upon photoinduced strengthening of the excitonic insulator order parameter in remarkable agreement with Hartree-Fock calculations. These findings show that intrinsic interactions highly impact on the properties of Ta2NiSe5. Moreover, they demonstrate that it is possible to optically control the out-of-equilibrium electronic structure of a strongly interacting system on an ultrafast timescale. These studies show that unraveling the role of fundamental interactions in low dimensions provides profound understanding and potential control of the equilibrium electronic structure and the photoinduced ultrafast dynamics of very diverse materials.
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On the steady state collisional evolution of debris disks around M dwarfs

Debris disks have been found primarily around intermediate and solar mass stars (spectral types A-K), but rarely around low-mass M-type stars. This scarcity of detections in M star surveys can be confronted with the predictions of the steady state collisional evolution model. First, we determine the parameters of the disk population evolved with this model and fit to the distribution of the fractional dust luminosities measured in the surveys of A- and FGK-type stars observed by the infrared satellite Spitzer. Thus, in our approach, we stipulate that the initial disk mass distribution is bimodal and that only high-mass collisionally-dominated disks are detected. The best determined parameter is the diameter Dc of the largest planetesimals in the collisional cascade of the model, which ranges between 2 and 60 km, consistently for disks around both A- and FGK-type stars. Second, we assume that the same disk population surrounds the M dwarfs that have been the subjects of debris disk searches in the far-infrared with Spitzer and at submillimeter wavelengths with radiotelescopes. We find, in the framework of our study, that this disk population, which has been fit to the AFGK data, is still consistent with the observed lack of disks around M dwarfs with Spitzer.
Motion of a helical vortex

We study the motion of a single helical vortex in an unbounded, inviscid, incompressible fluid. The vortex is an infinite tube whose centerline is a helix and whose cross section is a circle of small radius (compared to the radius of curvature) where the vorticity is uniform and parallel to the centerline. Ever since Joukowsky (1912) deduced that this vortex translates and rotates steadily without change of form, numerous attempts have been made to compute these self-induced velocities. Here we use Hardin's (1982) solution for the velocity field to find new expressions for the vortex's linear and angular velocities. Our results, verified by numerically computing the Helmholtz integral and the Rosenhead-Moore approximation to the Biot-Savart law, are more accurate than previous results over the whole range of values of the vortex pitch and cross-section. We then use the new formulas to study the advection of passive particles near the vortex; we find that the vortex's motion and capacity to transport fluid depend on its pitch and cross section as follows: a thin vortex of small pitch moves fast and carries a small amount of fluid; a thick vortex of small pitch moves at intermediate velocities and is a moderate carrier itself but it pushes fluid forward along the helix axis; and a vortex of large pitch, whether thin or thick, moves slowly and carries a large amount of fluid.
Learning by progressive inquiry in a physics lesson with the support of cloud-based technology

ABSTRACT Background Inquiry-based learning has been widely adopted in educational practice especially in science education. Scaffolding plays an important role in fostering learning in sophisticated inquiry. Meanwhile, it is important not to undermine the open-endedness of inquiry activities and the nature of student-centred learning. Purpose This study proposes a progressive approach to inquiry-based learning, which is characterized by a three-stage (initial, main, and extended) inquiry project. Basic knowledge is induced in an initial inquiry, which lays the foundation for developing a comprehensive understanding in the main inquiry, followed by an extended inquiry to extend the knowledge beyond textbooks. Sample Sixty 9th grade secondary students participated in this study. Design and methods We implemented inquiry-based learning in a secondary physics lesson using the proposed approach. Cloud-based technology was used to facilitate flexible sharing and reflection among students and allowing the teacher to observe student performance and provide instant support to students. We collected the data through a knowledge examination, a survey questionnaire, and an interview with the teacher to examine the effects of the proposed approach. Results The results have shown promising effects of the approach on improving students’ subject knowledge and their attitude toward inquiry-based learning. Conclusion The proposed three-stage (initial, main, and extended) approach to progressive inquiry is effective for learning by progressive construction of knowledge through a series of interrelated inquiry tasks.
Radio monitoring campaigns of six strongly lensed quasars

We observed six strongly lensed, radio-loud quasars (MG 0414+0534, CLASS B0712+472, JVAS B1030+074, CLASS B1127+385, CLASS B1152+199, and JVAS B1938+666) in order to identify systems suitable for measuring cosmological parameters using time delays between their multiple images. These systems are in standard two- and four-image configurations, with B1938 having a faint secondary pair of images. Two separate monitoring campaigns were carried out using the Very Large Array (VLA) and upgraded VLA. Light curves were extracted for each individual lensed image and analysed for signs of intrinsic variability. While it was not possible to measure time delays from these data, χ2-based and structure function tests found evidence for variability in a majority of the light curves. B0712 and B1030 had particularly strong variations, exhibiting linear flux trends. These results suggest that most of these systems should be targeted with follow-up monitoring campaigns, especially B0712 and B1030. We estimate that we can measure time delays for these systems with precisions of 0.5-3.5 d using two more seasons of monitoring.
Varieties of involution monoids with extreme properties

A variety that contains continuum many subvarieties is said to be huge. A sufficient condition is established under which an involution monoid generates a variety that is huge by virtue of its lattice of subvarieties order-embedding the power set lattice of the positive integers. Based on this result, several examples of finite involution monoids with extreme varietal properties are exhibited. These examples—all first of their kinds—include the following: finite involution monoids that generate huge varieties but whose reduct monoids generate Cross varieties; two finite involution monoids sharing a common reduct monoid such that one generates a huge, non-finitely based variety while the other generates a Cross variety; and two finite involution monoids that generate Cross varieties, the join of which is huge.
Analisis Produksi Padi di Indonesia

In reality, rice is still a staple food that is quite dominant in Indonesian society. But over time, rice production in Indonesia experienced ups and downs in the volume. This is very closely related to the input of rice production that affects it. In general, the purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of production inputs on rice production in Indonesia. Secondary data used consists of 34 provinces during the last five years analyzed to answer the research objectives. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with the least squares method or Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of the analysis show that inputs consisting of harvested area, seeds, fertilizer, and labor together have a significant influence on rice production in Indonesia. This condition needs attention. Among them are labor, where in some regions (provinces) in Indonesia, there is a shortage of labor in the agricultural sector which is one of the inputs for rice production.
Primordial non-Gaussianities of gravitational waves beyond Horndeski theories

We clarify the features of primordial non-Gaussianities of tensor perturbations in Gao's unifying framework of scalar-tensor theories. The general Lagrangian is given in terms of the ADM variables so that the framework maintains spatial covariance and includes the Horndeski theory and Gleyzes-Langlois-Piazza-Vernizzi (GLPV) generalization as specific cases. It is shown that the GLPV generalization does not give rise to any new terms in the cubic action compared to the case of the Horndeski theory, but four new terms appear in more general theories beyond GLPV. We compute the tensor 3-point correlation functions analytically by treating the modification to the dispersion relation as a perturbation. The relative change in the 3-point functions due to the modified dispersion relation is only mildly configuration-dependent. When the effect of the modified dispersion relation is small, there is only a single cubic term generating squeezed non-Gaussianity, which is the only term present in general relativity. The corresponding non-Gaussian amplitude has a fixed and universal feature, and hence offers a "consistency relation" for primordial tensor modes in a quite wide class of single-field inflation models. All the other cubic interactions are found to give peaks at equilateral shapes.
NO EVIDENCE OF MASS SEGREGATION IN THE LOW-MASS GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTER NGC 6101

We used a combination of Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based data to probe the dynamical state of the low-mass Galactic globular cluster NGC 6101. We have rederived the structural parameters of the cluster by using star counts and we find that it is about three times more extended than thought before. By using three different indicators, namely the radial distribution of blue straggler stars (BSSs), that of main-sequence binaries, and the luminosity (mass) function, we demonstrated that NGC 6101 shows no evidence of mass segregation, even in the innermost regions. Indeed, both the BSS and the binary radial distributions fully resemble those of any other cluster population. In addition, the slope of the luminosity (mass) function does not change with the distance, as expected for non-relaxed stellar systems. NGC 6101 is one of the few globulars where the absence of mass segregation has been observed so far. This result provides additional support for the use of the “dynamical clock” calibrated on the radial distribution of the blue stragglers as a powerful indicator of the cluster dynamical age.
Global Symmetries of Six Dimensional Superconformal Field Theories

Author(s): Merkx, Peter R. | Advisor(s): Morrison, David R | Abstract: In this work we investigate the global symmetries of six-dimensional superconformal field theories (6D SCFTs) via their description in F-theory. We provide computer algebra system routines determining global symmetry maxima for all known 6D SCFTs while tracking the singularity types of the associated elliptic fibrations. We tabulate these bounds for many CFTs including every 0-link based theory. The approach we take provides explicit tracking of geometric information which has remained implicit in the classifications of 6D SCFTs to date. We derive a variety of new geometric restrictions on collections of singularity collisions in elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau varieties and collect data from local model analyses of these collisions. The resulting restrictions are sufficient to match the known gauge enhancement structure constraints for all 6D SCFTs without appeal to anomaly cancellation and enable our global symmetry computations for F-theory SCFT models to proceed similarly.
A STUDY OF THE RELATION BETWEEN STAR FORMATION AND MOLECULAR CLUMPS ON SUBPARSEC SCALES IN 30 DORADUS

We present 12CO and 13CO molecular gas data observed by ALMA, massive early-stage young stellar objects (YSOs) identified by applying color–magnitude cuts to Spitzer and Herschel photometry, and low-mass late-stage YSOs identified via excess. Using dendrograms, we derive properties for the molecular cloud structures. This is the first time a dendrogram analysis has been applied to extragalactic clouds. The majority of clumps have a virial parameter equal to unity or less. The size–linewidth relations of 12CO and 13CO show the clumps in this study have a larger linewidth for a given size (by factors of 3.8 and 2.5, respectively) in comparison to several, but not all, previous studies. The larger linewidths in 30 Doradus compared to typical Milky Way quiescent clumps are probably due to the former’s highly energetic environmental conditions. The slopes of the size–linewidth relations of 12CO, 0.65 ± 0.04, and 13CO, 0.97 ± 0.12, are on the higher end but consistent within 3σ of those of previous studies. Massive star formation occurs in clumps with high masses (>1.83 × 102 M⊙), high linewidths (v > 1.18 km s−1), and high mass densities (>6.67 × 102 M⊙ pc−2). The majority of embedded, massive YSOs are associated with a clump; however, the majority of more evolved, low-mass YSOs are not.