Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Land-holding, participation in agriculture and short-term migration in rural India

ABSTRACT We analyse a nationally representative data set from India for the year 2013 in order to provide evidence on how short-term migration is affected by household ownership of land and participation in agricultural activities. We estimate a recursive-bivariate-probit model recognising the simultaneity between short-term migration and the decision to operate the land. The results of the likelihood ratio test imply that it would be incorrect to ignore this simultaneity. Households with less than 1 ha of land and those leasing out land are more likely to have a short-term migrant. Households leaving their land fallow, a common occurrence in South Asia, are also more likely to have a short-term migrant. Moreover, the choice of crops and livestock farming has a significant role to play in the migration decision. Current initiatives to increase coverage of irrigation and facilitate access to formal finance could improve the livelihoods of small and marginal farmers, thereby reducing the probability of distress-related short-term migration.
Association Study of Fecundity Gene BMPR1B with Prolificacy in Surti Goats under Farm and Field Condition

The Surti is a dual purpose goat breed of Gujarat. The bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B (BMPR1B) gene of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily ligands is playing a role in ovulation as well as litter size. Mutation in Exon-6 region of BMPR1B gene with base size 190 bp reported increasing litter size. Based on the known mutation information in goat and sheep, PCR primers were designed to screen polymorphism in total 100 Surti goats, 50 Surti goats from University Farm, Navsari and 50 Surti goats from field units of Southern part of Gujarat. During PCR-RFLP study no polymorphic sites were found for Exon-6 region of BMPR1B on Surti goats. Moreover, the twinning rate was 10% in first parity and higher in subsequent second (62.5%) and third (76.8%) parties.
Floral development in the androdioecious tree Tapiscia sinensis: Implications for the evolution to androdioecy

The evolutionary pathway between hermaphroditism and dioecy (females and males in a single population) draws widespread interests, and androdioecy (bisexuals and males in a single population) is rarely achieved as an intermediate state between the two breeding systems. Flower bud differentiations in the pistils of hermaphrodites and the pistillodes of males in androdioecious Tapiscia sinensis Oliv. are investigated by routine paraffin section technology, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A phylogenetic approach is used to analyze the origin of androdioecy. In T. sinensis, hermaphroditic flowers (HF) and male flowers (MF) experienced a similar development pattern in early flower bud differentiation, including the initiation of tepals and stamens. However, the carpel differentiation of MF and HF proceed in different patterns. In HF, the central zone bulges out and produces a ring meristem on which two to three carpel primordia emerge, which eventually developed into a normal pistil with a stigma, a style, and an ovary. However, in most MF, vestigial pistils are stem‐like (type I), and very few have an empty ovary (type II) or a sterile ovule (type III). Moreover, the evolution of sexual systems within the Huerteales indicates that hermaphroditism is the primitive character of T. sinensis. Tapiscia sinensis shows different degrees of reduction between male flowers and bisexual ones in the evolution to dioecy. Functional androdioecy originated from a hermaphroditic ancestor in T. sinensis and, as an intermediate sexual system, involves evolution from hermaphrodites to dioecy.
Multilingual and multimodal mediation in one university module: The people and processes involved

Abstract At the core of using languages other than English in higher education in South Africa lies the processes of translation/mediation and the mediators themselves. Within the framework of the descriptive theory of translation, this paper offers a critical consideration of the people and processes at the heart of one such project at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa: the mediators who must either translate lecture material or lend their voices to the aural versions of such materials. The paper shows the processes involved in translating part of a lecture in English into varieties of Afrikaans and isiXhosa, and making these available in both reading and listening format. In addition, the paper examines interview responses of five of the mediators involved in the project, as well as some student responses to the material. Apart from showing the interdependence between the different stages of mediation in this project, we concluded that discipline-specific mediation is best done by subject specialists themselves. The findings also showed that most students felt that the informal, localised translations in the oral format offered the greatest epistemological access to the course content.
Detection of Virulence factors of Pseudomonas species isolated from fresh water fish by PCR

This study was conducted on 100 diseased Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) fish of various sizes collected fromdifferent fish markets in Kaliobia Governorate to estimate the prevalence of Pseudomonas infection anddetection of some virulence genes in the isolated P. aeruginosa strains. The results of bacteriologicalexamination revealed that the prevalence of Pseudomonas septicemia with Pseudomonas speciesisolation was 17.0% (17 100 examined fish). These cases were attributed to P. anguilliseptica; P.aeruginosa and P. fluorescens (14/43.7%; 12/37.5% and 6/18.8%), respectively. In addition, 32Pseudomonas species were isolated, 11from liver samples (34.4%); 10 from kidney samples (31.2%); 6from gill samples (18.8%) and 5 from skin samples (15.6%). Moreover, 14 P. anguilliseptica wereisolated with an incidence of 35.7%, 28.6%, 21.4% and 14.3% followed by 12 P. aeruginosa 33.3%,25%,16.7% and 25% respectively; 6 P. fluorescens 33.3%; 50.0%,16.7% and 0.0% from the liver,kidney, gill and skin samples respectively. The in-vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test showed that theisolated Pseudomonas strains were sensitive to gentamycin; enrofloxacin; norfloxacin; ciprofloxacinand florphenicol. Meanwhile; they were intermediate sensitive for doxycycline; sulfa-trimethoprim;oxytetracycline; nalidixic acid and streptomycin. In contrast, they were resistant for cefotaxime;erythromycin; amoxicillin; methicillin; oxacillin and ampicillin. Moreover, the PCR results revealedthat, opr L and exo S virulence genes were detected in all six studied strains (100.0%). Meanwhile, phzM virulence gene was detected in 5 out of 6 studied strains (83.3%) and tox A virulence gene wasdetected in 4 out of 6 studied strains (66.7%) i.e., all studied strains were Ps. aeruginosa and all of themwere virulent strains
The Arabic version of the teacher efficacy for inclusive practices (TEIP-AR) scale: A construct validity study

Abstract This study aimed to examine the psychometric characteristics of the Arabic version of the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices (TEIP) scale. Data were collected from 432 participants in Saudi Arabia—185 in-service and 247 pre-service teachers. A statistical analysis was conducted using the following methods: Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), misfit analysis via Rasch modelling, and reliability Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. Good internal consistency coefficients were obtained for the TEIP scale and each of its three subscales (>.8). Acceptable fit indices were obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for a scale with 18 items in three subscales: inclusive instructions, collaboration, and managing behaviour. In conclusion, the Arabic version of the TEIP scale is valid with Arabic samples and preserves the psychometric properties and the structure of the original scale in order to measure teachers’ self-efficacy working in inclusive classrooms. Recommendations for rephrasing some items are also discussed.
Honey: food or medicine? A comparative study between Slovakia and Romania

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate different profiles of honey consumers in Slovakia and Romania by using a segmentation approach, thus supporting honey producers from both countries and promoting the consumption of honey for both food and health benefits. Design/methodology/approach A paper and online survey was conducted in two representative regions of Slovakia (n=2,138) and Romania (n=1,100), between November 2017 and February 2018. By carrying out a two-step cluster analysis, several segments of honey consumers based on consumption patterns, demographic profile, purchasing behaviour and honey preferences were defined. Findings In both countries, honey is mostly consumed as food product and medicine and the majority of consumers think honey has healing effects. Based on the data, the authors identified similar segments in Slovakia and Romania, in terms of frequency and annual consumption (“maniacs” or “loyal consumers”, “regular consumers”, “occasional consumers” or “sporadic consumers” and “irregular consumers”), but, at the same time, those segments are different in terms of the way in which honey is consumed (multipurpose or direct consumption, spreads, beverages and ingredients for cooking). Originality/value The findings provide honey producers–beekeepers a wider information base, which can increase effectiveness of price, distribution and marketing communication strategies. Furthermore, knowledge from results will allow producers to specialise and place the production by designing different marketing strategies in different segments.
Dominance hierarchy and spatial distribution in captive red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus): Testing Hemelrijk's agent-based model

We empirically tested Hemelrijk’s agent-based model (Hemelrijk 1998), in which dyadic agonistic interaction between primate-group subjects determines their spatial distribution and whether or not the dominant subject has a central position with respect to the other subjects. We studied a group of captive red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) that met the optimal conditions for testing this model (e.g. a linear dominance hierarchy). We analyzed the spatial distribution of the subjects in relation to their rank in the dominance hierarchy and the results confirmed the validity of this model. In accordance with Hemelrijk’s model (Hemelrijk 1998), the group studied showed an ambiguity-reducing strategy that led to non-central spatial positioning on the part of the dominant subject, thus confirming the model indirectly. Nevertheless, for the model to be confirmed directly, the group has to adopt a risk-sensitive strategy so that observers can study whether dominant subjects develop spatial centrality. Our study also demonstrated that agent-based models are a good tool for the study of certain complex behaviors observed in primates because these explanatory models can help formulate suggestive hypotheses for exploring new lines of research in primatology. Keywords: Dominance-hierarchy rank; spatial distribution; Cercocebus torquatus; agent-based models
SKINNER, STEPHANIE, M.A. You Hurt Me, I’ll Hurt You: The Prediction of Aggression Based on the Interaction Between an Ego Threat, Fragile High Self-Esteem,

Previous research has produced inconsistent findings in terms of how self-esteem relates to aggressive behavior. Some studies have found that high self-esteem predicts aggression while others have found that low self-esteem predicts aggression. The present study sought to clarify the discrepancies in the literature. It was hypothesized that the interaction between an ego threat and fragile high self-esteem would account for significant variance in aggressive behavior over-and-above the component main effect. Additionally, it was hypothesized that the interaction of high explicit and low implicit self-esteem would account for significant variance in narcissistic traits over-and-above the component main effects. Finally, it was hypothesized that the interaction between an ego threat and narcissistic traits would account for significant variance in aggressive behavior over-and-above the component main effect. One hundred eighteen undergraduate participants completed questionnaires and the other aspects of the study that assessed self-esteem, narcissistic traits, and aggression. Results failed to support the hypotheses regarding the interactions between an ego-threat, fragile high self-esteem, and narcissistic traits. However, consistent with previous research, main effects results indicated that participants with high levels of explicit self-esteem were more aggressive and reported more narcissistic traits than participants with low explicit self-esteem. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for future research.
Developing and validating a multi-dimensional measure of coopetition

Purpose Coopetition, namely, the interplay between cooperation and competition, has received a good deal of interest in the business-to-business marketing literature. Academics have operationalised the coopetition construct and have used these measures to test the antecedents and consequences of firms collaborating with their competitors. However, business-to-business marketing scholars have not developed and validated an agreed operationalisation that reflects the dimensionality of the coopetition construct. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop and validate a multi-dimensional measure of coopetition for marketing scholars to use in future research. Design/methodology/approach To use a highly cooperative and highly competitive empirical context, sporting organisations in New Zealand were sampled, as the key informants within these entities engaged in different forms of coopetition. Checks were made to ensure that the sampled entities produced generalisable results. That is, it is anticipated that the results apply to other industries with firms engaging in similar business-to-business behaviours. Various sources of qualitative and quantitative data were acquired to develop and validate a multi-dimensional measure of coopetition (the COOP scale), which passed all major assessments of reliability and validity (including common method variance). Findings The results indicated that coopetition is a multi-dimensional construct, comprising three distinct dimensions. First, local-level coopetition is collaboration among competing entities within a close geographic proximity. Second, national-level coopetition is cooperation with rivals within the same country but across different geographic regions. Third, organisation-level coopetition is cooperation with competitors across different firms (including with indirect rivals), regardless of their geographic location and product markets served. Indeed, organisation-level coopetition extends to how companies engage in coopetition in domestic and international capacities, depending on the extent to which they compete in similar product markets in comparison to industry rivals. Also, multiple indicators were used to measure each facet of the coopetition construct after the scale purification stage. Originality/value Prior coopetition-based investigations have predominately been conceptual or qualitative in nature. The scarce number of existing scales have significant problems, such as not appreciating that coopetition is a multi-dimensional variable, as well as using single indicators. In spite of a recent call for research on the multiple levels of coopetition, there has not been an agreed measure of the construct that accounts for its multi-dimensionality. Hence, this investigation responds to such a call for research by developing and validating the COOP scale. Local-, national- and organisation-level coopetition are anticipated to be the main facets of the coopetition construct, which offer several avenues for future research.
Understanding Variation in Estimates of Diversionary Effects of Community College Entrance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Decades of research have estimated the effect of entering a community college on bachelor’s degree attainment. In this study, we examined the influence of methodological choices, including sample restrictions and identification strategies, on estimated effects from studies published between 1970 and 2017. After systematically reviewing the literature, we leveraged meta-analysis to assess average estimates and examine the role of moderators. In our preferred model, entering a community college was associated with a 23-percentage-point decrease in the probability of baccalaureate attainment, on average, compared with entering a four-year college. The size of effects appeared to grow over the past three decades, though this coincides with substantial shifts in the college-going population. Methodological choices, particularly how researchers define the treatment group, explain some variation in estimates across studies. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for future inquiry and for policy.
Duration of the Symptoms and Brain Aging in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome that is characterized by widespread pain and an altered brain dynamic. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the duration of the symptoms on the cortical activity of women with fibromyalgia using electroencephalogram power spectrum analyses in an eye-closed resting state. Twenty-nine women participated in this cross-sectional study (N: 29; age: 55.59 [9.50]). Theta, alpha, beta-1, beta-2, and beta-3 frequency bands were analyzed using EEGLAB. Theta power significantly correlated with the duration of the symptoms, but not with age. In addition, participants were divided into two groups according to number the years for which they were suffering from fibromyalgia. Participants who had a longer duration of symptoms obtained higher theta power in the frontal (Fp1, F4, F7, F8, and Fz), central (C3, C4, and Cz), and parietal (P3 and Pz) areas than those who had a shorter duration of symptoms, which may be related to brain aging. This exploratory study demonstrates for the first time that the frontal, central, and parietal areas may be influenced by the years in which they were suffering from the symptoms of fibromyalgia. This might indicate that the duration of these symptoms may have a higher impact on brain aging than the actual age of the patient.
Selection of melon genotypes with resistance to Didymella bryoniae using a diallel approach

The development of melon lines resistant to gummy stem blight (GSB) is an important strategy for decreasing losses caused by this disease. Thus, selecting the best parents for such a goal is essential. We evaluated the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities of lines and accessions to guide the selection of the most promising parents to develop GSB-resistant lines. Six genotypes representing two groups (group I - susceptible: group II - resistant) were crossed in a partial diallel mating design. The genotypes were evaluated for disease expression using a rating scale from 0 (resistant) to 4 (susceptible). Estimates of GCA were negative and significant for the accessions PI 420145 and PI 482398, which can be suggested for crosses aimed at obtaining melon lines resistant to GSB. There is a reciprocal effect for the resistance of melon genotypes to Didymella bryoniae, especially when PI 482398, PI 420145, and PI 140471 are crossed with JAB-20. Such results indicate that maternal effects may be involved in the resistance to gummy stem blight.
Influences of Segregation and Integration on the Bands at Historically Black High Schools in Duval County, Florida

Segregated schooling in Florida was initially a concession to gain public acceptance of free public education. Its effects can be seen in the band programs of many high school bands. This study looks at the effects of segregation and integration on bands at black high schools in Jacksonville, Florida (Duval County Public Schools). Much of the story echoes the history of Tampa’s desegregation, though Duval County’s age, location, demographics, and politics helped shape a different story. The story of the bands’ origins highlights some noteworthy directors, including the distinguished Kernaa D. McFarlin of the Stanton High School band. This study describes how the Stanton band would shatter prejudices about black schools by becoming the first black high school band to earn a Superior rating at state in a newly integrated Florida Bandmasters Association in 1966. Lawsuits compelled the district to integrate, though traditions and prejudices led to massive white flight from the public schools which continues today. The black student population became the majority demographic in 2006, and musical traditions reflecting those at many Historically Black Colleges and Universities are now the “tradition” at many formerly all-white high schools.
Reversible Picture Watermarking by Interpolation Technique

— watermarking implant information into a digital signal like audio, Picture, or video. Reversible Picture watermarking can bring back the original picture without any distortion after the hidden data is extracted. In this paper, we present a novel reversible watermarking scheme using an interpolation procedure, which can embed a large amount of covert data into Pictures with imperceptible modification. Different from previous watermarking schemes, we utilize the interpolation-error, the difference between interpolation value and corresponding pixel value, to embed bit “1” or “0” by expanding it additively or leaving it unchanged. Due to the slight modification of pixels, high Picture quality is preserved. Experimental results also demonstrate that the proposed scheme can provide greater payload capacity and higher Picture fidelity compared with other state-of-the-art schemes.
Effects of nicotine on markers of bone turnover in ovariectomized rats

Introduction Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and density, as well as change in microarchitecture of bone tissue leading to decreased bone strength. In vitro research shows nicotine can increase osteoblast activity and proliferation, also suppress osteoclast activity. Therefore we explore nicotine anti-resorptive property by in vivo true experimental and randomized posttest only controlled group research that was conducted in 18-20 weeks old Rattus norvegicus. Methods Twenty-five female rats were divided into five groups, with 5 rats per group. The first group represented normal rats (Sham), while the second to fifth group underwent bilateral ovariectomy. The second group serves as positive control group (ovariectomy-only/OVX). The third to fifth group serve as dose 1 (P1-0.25mg/kg), dose 2 (P2-0.5 mg/kg), and Dose 3 (P3-0.75 mg/kg) treatment group receiving daily per-oral nicotine for 28 days, started 3 weeks post- ovariectomy. After 28 days treatment, the serum was checked. Results Nicotine has dose-dependent manner on serum osteocalcin and serum DPD level. Level of osteocalcin in P2 group was significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.008) compared to OVX group (59.4% lower). Level of DPD in all group was not significantly different (ANOVA, p < 0.05) but shows lowest level in P2 group. For serum calcitonin level, there's no significant different between groups. Conclusion Nicotine at right low-dose might be able to inhibit osteoclast activity, thus open a possibility of anti-resorptive property of nicotine.