Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GRAIN SIZE CONSTRAINTS ON HL TAU WITH POLARIZATION SIGNATURE

The millimeter-wave polarization of the protoplanetary disk around HL Tau has been interpreted as the emission from elongated dust grains aligned with the magnetic field in the disk. However, the self-scattering of thermal dust emission may also explain the observed millimeter-wave polarization. In this paper, we report a modeling of the millimeter-wave polarization of the HL Tau disk with the self-polarization. Dust grains are assumed to be spherical and to have a power-law size distribution. We change the maximum grain size with a fixed dust composition in a fixed disk model to find the grain size to reproduce the observed signature. We find that the direction of the polarization vectors and the polarization degree can be explained with the self-scattering. Moreover, the polarization degree can be explained only if the maximum grain size is ∼150 μm. The obtained grain size from the polarization is different from that which has been previously expected from the spectral index of the dust opacity coefficient (a millimeter or larger) if the emission is optically thin. We discuss that porous dust aggregates may solve the inconsistency of the maximum grain size between the two constraints.
Mucormycosis after kidney transplantations: Report of seven cases

This is a report of 7 cases of mucormycosis infections in patients who had undergone transplantation and been admitted in the kidney transplant centre of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from 2002 to 2005. We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records for demographic data, symptoms, diagnostic techniques and outcomes. Five patients were male and 2 female. The mean age of patients was 49.5 y. The time interval between transplantation and disease onset varied greatly (range: 1 month to 4 y). Patients’ symptoms were fever (7 cases), respiratory distress (4 cases) and severe headache (3 cases). Suspected patients were evaluated by CT scan, BAL and biopsy and diagnosis confirmed by culture. The final diagnosis was pulmonary mucormycosis in 4 cases, rhino-cerebral mucormycosis in 2 cases and disseminated mucormycosis in 1 case. Despite early and intensive treatment with amphotericin B in all patients and extensive debridement in 3 cases, only 2 patients survived the disease. Mucormycosis is a potentially lethal complication after kidney transplantation. It could occur very early on or very late into the post-transplant period. Despite the results of other studies, the most frequent site of infection in our patients was the lungs.
Creativity of Small Groups and of Persons Working Alone

Abstract IN THE PRESENT STUDY, the experimental sample consisted of 79 groups of 3 to 5 students, and the control sample consisted of 20 students working alone. Both samples were assigned the same task. All participants (approximate age range = 18-22 years) in the experiment were affiliated with a large, urban university located on the East Coast of the United States.
Innovative moments and change in client-centered therapy

Abstract Previous studies have used the Innovative Moments Coding System (IMCS) to describe the process of change in Narrative Therapy (NT) and in Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT). This study aims to extend this research program to a sample of Client-Centered Therapy (CCT). The IMCS was applied to six cases of CCT for depression to track the Innovative Moments (IMs) which are exceptions to the problematic self-narrative in therapeutic conversation. Results suggest that IMCS can be applied to CCT, allowing the tracking of IMs' emergence. The analysis based on a generalized linear model revealed that the overall amount of IMs is significantly associated with symptom improvement, which is congruent with former studies done with the IMCS.
How Much Time Did It Take to Notify a Bug? Two Case Studies: ElasticSearch and Nova

The Time To Notify (TTN) a bug is a valuable metricin the software maintenance and evolution studies that describeshow much time it takes for a bug to be notified/reported in theissue tracking system since the time the bug was introduced intothe source code. Even so, it is still a challenge to exactly calculateit since no precise way exists to locate where and when the bugoriginated. This paper aims to study what is the value of TTNin two different projects. For a set of bugs in these projects, we know exactly which "previous commit" was the cause of thefailure in the system. Furthermore, to better understand howthis is related to the maintenance and evolution of a software, we also analyze the relationship between TTN and other metricsextracted from the source code management (SCM) system suchas the author of the bug, the Time To Fix (TTF) or the developerexperience. We have observed that the mean of the TTN in theprojects was 312 days and 431 days. However, only one of theprojects showed a moderate correlation between the experienceof the author who created the bug and TTN.
Layer structures formed by silica nanoparticles and cellulose nanofibrils with cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM) on cellulose surface and their influence on interactions

A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used to study the adsorption of the layer formed by silica nanoparticles (SNP) and cellulose nanofibrils (NFC) together with cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM) on cellulose surface, accompanied by use of atomic force microscope (AFM) to study the interactions between cellulose surfaces. The purpose was to understand the multilayer build-up compared to complex structure adsorption. The layer thickness and consequently also the repulsion between surfaces increased with each addition step during layer formation in the SNP-C-PAM systems, whereas the second addition of C-PAM decreased the repulsion in the case of NFC-C-PAM multilayer formation. An exceptionally high repulsion between surfaces was observed when nanofibrillar cellulose was added. This together with the extremely high dissipation values recorded with QCM-D indicated that nanofibrillar cellulose formed a loose and thick layer containing a lot of water. The multilayer systems formed fully and uniformly covered the surfaces. Silica nanoparticles were able to penetrate inside the loose C-PAM structure due to their small size. In contrast, NFC formed individual layers between C-PAM layers. The complex of C-PAM and SNP formed only a partly covered surface, leading to long-ranged pull-off force. This might explain the good flocculation properties reported for polyelectrolyte-nanoparticle systems.
The proliferation marker pKi‐67 organizes the nucleolus during the cell cycle depending on Ran and cyclin B

The proliferation marker pKi‐67 (‘Ki‐67 antigen’) is commonly used in clinical and research pathology to detect proliferating cells, as it is only expressed during cell‐cycle progression. Despite the fact that this antigen has been known for nearly two decades, there is still no adequate understanding of its function. This study has therefore identified proteins that interact with pKi‐67, using a yeast two‐hybrid system. A mammalian two‐hybrid system and immunoprecipitation studies were used to verify these interactions. Among other cell‐cycle regulatory proteins, two binding partners associated with the small GTPase Ran were identified. In addition, DNA‐structural and nucleolus‐associated proteins binding to pKi‐67 were found. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the N‐terminal domain of pKi‐67 is capable of self‐binding to its own repeat region encoded by exon 13. Since RanBP, a protein involved in the transport of macromolecules over the nuclear lamina, was found to be a binding partner, a possible effect of pKi‐67 on the localization of cell‐cycle regulatory proteins was proposed. To test this hypothesis, a tetracycline‐responsive gene expression system was used to induce the pKi‐67 fragments previously used for the two‐hybrid screens in HeLa cells. Subsequent immunostaining revealed the translocation of cyclin B1 from cytoplasm to nucleoli in response to this expression. It is suggested that pKi‐67 is a Ran‐associated protein with a role in the disintegration and reformation of the nucleolus and thereby in entry into and exit from the M‐phase. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Moral Spillovers: The Effect of Moral Violations on Deviant Behavior

a b s t r a c t Two experiments investigated whether outcomes that violate people's moral standards increase their deviant behavior (the moral spillover effect). In Study 1, participants with and without a moral mandate (i.e., a strong attitude rooted in moral conviction) read about a legal trial in which the outcome supported, opposed or was unrelated to their moral mandate. Relative to when outcomes supported moral man- dates, when outcomes opposed moral mandates people judged the outcome to be less fair, were more angry, were less willing to accept the outcome, and were more likely to take a borrowed pen. In Study 2, participants who recalled another person's moral violation were more likely to cheat on an experimen- tal task relative to angry or neutral condition participants. Taken together, results provide evidence for moral spillover: outcomes that violate moral standards increase deviant behavior.
CD4 T Cells with Effector Memory Phenotype and Function Develop in the Sterile Environment of the Fetus

Umbilical cord blood from healthy neonates with no known infectious exposure contains T cells with an effector memory–like phenotype. Neonatal T Cells Wise Beyond Their Years The uterine environment was traditionally thought to be sterile, and thus, healthy neonates were not predicted to have any memory T cells, because they have not been exposed to infection. However, Zhang et al. found that, contrary to all expectations, umbilical cord blood from healthy neonates does contain T cells that have all the hallmarks of memory cells. Why those cells are there and what role they serve in the fetal environment is still unknown, but these findings suggest that the fetal immune system may be more complex than had been previously suspected, which may affect future vaccine design and treatments for fetal and neonatal infections. The T cell compartment is considered to be naïve and dedicated to the development of tolerance during fetal development. We have identified and characterized a population of fetally developed CD4 T cells with an effector memory phenotype (TEM), which are present in cord blood. This population is polyclonal and has phenotypic features similar to those of conventional adult memory T cells, such as CD45RO expression. These cells express low levels of CD25 but are distinct from regulatory T cells because they lack Foxp3 expression. After T cell receptor activation, neonatal TEM cells readily produced tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). We also detected interferon-γ (IFN-γ)–producing T helper 1 (TH1) cells and interleukin-4 (IL-4)/IL-13–producing TH2-like cells, but not IL-17–producing cells. We used chemokine receptor expression patterns to divide this TEM population into different subsets and identified distinct transcriptional programs using whole-genome microarray analysis. IFN-γ was found in CXCR3+ TEM cells, whereas IL-4 was found in both CXCR3+ TEM cells and CCR4+ TEM cells. CCR6+ TEM cells displayed a genetic signature that corresponded to TH17 cells but failed to produce IL-17A. However, the TH17 function of TEM cells was observed in the presence of IL-1β and IL-23. In summary, in the absence of reported pathology or any major infectious history, T cells with a memory-like phenotype develop in an environment thought to be sterile during fetal development and display a large variety of inflammatory effector functions associated with CD4 TH cells at birth.
Intra-canopy variability of fruit growth rate in peach trees grafted on rootstocks with different vigour-control capacity

Summary The aim of the present research was to study intra-canopy variability in fruit growth under conditions of low fruit-to-fruit competition in peach trees grafted on rootstocks with differing size-controlling capacity. The experiment was conducted on adult peach trees of two cultivars, each grafted on five rootstocks. Tree canopies were divided vertically into five layers. The diameter of 12 fruit per canopy layer was measured early in the growing season and at harvest. At harvest, the fresh weight of each selected fruit was also determined. After harvest, thirty shoots per tree bearing the selected fruit were harvested, and several parameters related to local carbon source availability, competition between vegetative and reproductive organs, vigour of the fruiting shoot, and position of the fruit on the fruiting shoot were measured. The results demonstrated that fruit variability within peach trees is very large, even when fruit-to-fruit competition is low. Fruit size at harvest decreased significantly and progressively from the top layers to the bottom layers of the canopy. Fruit growth was positively correlated with specific leaf weight, leaf area, and vigour of the fruiting shoot, and was negatively correlated with the vigour of current-season shoot growth on the fruiting shoot. However, the relative importance of each parameter depended on the cultivar. Rootstock affected the relationship between fruit growth and the measured parameters, and some rootstocks appeared to limit the maximum potential fruit growth rate. The measured parameters did not explain all the intra-canopy variability in fruit growth, suggesting that other factors also played a role. Interestingly, fruit size within 1 month of full bloom increased progressively from the top to the bottom of the canopy.
Multicenter Study of Prevalence of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis in France

ABSTRACT We performed a multicenter prevalence study of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) involving 1,582 patients (mean age, 18.9 years; male/female ratio, 1.06) with cystic fibrosis in France. The overall NTM prevalence (percentage of patients with at least one positive culture) was 6.6% (104/1,582 patients), with prevalences ranging from 3.7% (in the east of France) to 9.6% (in the greater Paris area). Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC; 50 patients) and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC; 23 patients) species were the most common NTM, and the only ones associated with fulfillment of the American Thoracic Society bacteriological criteria for NTM lung disease. The “new” species, Mycobacterium bolletii and Mycobacterium massiliense, accounted for 40% of MABSC isolates. MABSC species were isolated at all ages, with a prevalence peak between 11 and 15 years of age (5.8%), while MAC species reached their highest prevalence value among patients over 25 years of age (2.2%).
Intima-Media Thickness in 11- to 13-Year-Old Children: Variation Attributed to Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Waist Circumference.

BACKGROUND It is unclear how sedentary behavior (SED), physical activity (PA), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) influence vascular structure in children of varying body size. This study examined whether associations between SED, PA, and CRF with intima-media thickness (IMT) added to that of abdominal fatness and IMT. Differences in physiological measures among waist circumference (WC) percentiles were tested. METHODS We assessed IMT of the carotid artery in 265 children aged 11 to 13 years (135 girls). Measures included IMT assessed with high-resolution ultrasonography, WC, body fat mass (BFM) from DXA, and CRF determined using a maximal cycle test. SED and PA were assessed by accelerometry. Association between IMT and CRF adjusted for PA variables, and body composition phenotypes were tested with multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS CRF was related to IMT independently of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and SED (P < .05). When WC was added to the model CRF was no longer associated with IMT (P > .05). Children in the higher WC group had increased mean values of BMI, BFM, WC, and IMT and lower MVPA and CRF (P < .05). CONCLUSION Full modeling of SED, MVPA, CRF, and WC revealed that regional adiposity appears to have the biggest role in arterial structure of children.
Non-orthogonal compute-and-forward with joint lattice decoding for the multiple-access relay channel

Relay-aided multiuser communications are crucial for future 5G systems. In this paper, we consider the two-user multiple access relay channel (MARC), in which two users transmit messages to a common destination with the assistance of a half-duplex relay. The decode-and-forward (DF) based lattice coding was shown to be effective for the MARC in our previous work [1]. However when the links from the users to the relay are weak, DF protocol may fail to decode all users at the relay. Aiming to solve this problem, we propose a new lattice coding where the relay only needs to decode an integer-weighted-sum of users' lattice codewords, re-maps it with a modulo-based mapper and then forwards the corresponding codeword. Although the decoding at the relay is akin to the orthogonal compute-and-forward protocol, we relax the restriction imposed by previous works that the users have to be silent when the relay is transmitting to avoid interference. The key ingredient is the joint multi-user lattice decoding performed at the destination. This jointly decoding strategy not only complicates the corresponding code design but also the error analysis. To find the proper integer-weighted-sum at the relay for the destination's joint decoder, we also solve a non-convex integer problem by carefully transforming and relaxing it to a convex one. Simulation results show that the proposed non-orthogonal lattice coding can outperform existing schemes in a variety of channel settings.
Retracted: Addition of a single methyl group to a small molecule sodium channel inhibitor introduces a new mode of gating modulation

Aryl sulfonamide Nav1.3 or Nav1.7 voltage‐gated sodium (Nav) channel inhibitors interact with the Domain 4 voltage sensor domain (D4 VSD). During studies to better understand the structure‐activity relationship of this interaction, an additional mode of channel modulation, specifically slowing of inactivation, was revealed by addition of a single methyl moiety. The objective of the current study was to determine if these different modulatory effects are mediated by the same or distinct interactions with the channel.
Inhibition of Transmitter Release and Attenuation of Anti-retroviral-associated and Tibial Nerve Injury-related Painful Peripheral Neuropathy by Novel Synthetic Ca2+ Channel Peptides*

Background: N-type Ca2+ channels (CaV2.2) are clinically validated targets for chronic pain. Results: Two peptides from CaV2.2 and CaV1.2 perturb binding to a regulatory protein, CRMP2, inhibit calcium influx, and attenuate mechanical hyperalgesia in a rodent model of drug-induced chronic pain. Conclusion: Ca2+ channel peptides block drug- and nerve injury-induced chronic pain. Significance: Ca2+ channel peptide therapeutics can be useful in mitigating chronic pain. N-type Ca2+ channels (CaV2.2) are a nidus for neurotransmitter release and nociceptive transmission. However, the use of CaV2.2 blockers in pain therapeutics is limited by side effects resulting from inhibition of the physiological functions of CaV2.2 within the CNS. We identified an anti-nociceptive peptide (Brittain, J. M., Duarte, D. B., Wilson, S. M., Zhu, W., Ballard, C., Johnson, P. L., Liu, N., Xiong, W., Ripsch, M. S., Wang, Y., Fehrenbacher, J. C., Fitz, S. D., Khanna, M., Park, C. K., Schmutzler, B. S., Cheon, B. M., Due, M. R., Brustovetsky, T., Ashpole, N. M., Hudmon, A., Meroueh, S. O., Hingtgen, C. M., Brustovetsky, N., Ji, R. R., Hurley, J. H., Jin, X., Shekhar, A., Xu, X. M., Oxford, G. S., Vasko, M. R., White, F. A., and Khanna, R. (2011) Suppression of inflammatory and neuropathic pain by uncoupling CRMP2 from the presynaptic Ca2+ channel complex. Nat. Med. 17, 822–829) derived from the axonal collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2), a protein known to bind and enhance CaV2.2 activity. Using a peptide tiling array, we identified novel peptides within the first intracellular loop (CaV2.2(388–402), “L1”) and the distal C terminus (CaV1.2(2014–2028) “Ct-dis”) that bound CRMP2. Microscale thermophoresis demonstrated micromolar and nanomolar binding affinities between recombinant CRMP2 and synthetic L1 and Ct-dis peptides, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that CRMP2 association with CaV2.2 was inhibited by L1 and Ct-dis peptides. L1 and Ct-dis, rendered cell-penetrant by fusion with the protein transduction domain of the human immunodeficiency virus TAT protein, were tested in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Depolarization-induced calcium influx in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons was inhibited by both peptides. Ct-dis, but not L1, peptide inhibited depolarization-stimulated release of the neuropeptide transmitter calcitonin gene-related peptide in mouse DRG neurons. Similar results were obtained in DRGs from mice with a heterozygous mutation of Nf1 linked to neurofibromatosis type 1. Ct-dis peptide, administered intraperitoneally, exhibited antinociception in a zalcitabine (2′-3′-dideoxycytidine) model of AIDS therapy-induced and tibial nerve injury-related peripheral neuropathy. This study suggests that CaV peptides, by perturbing interactions with the neuromodulator CRMP2, contribute to suppression of neuronal hypersensitivity and nociception.
Nuclear localization of the meiosis-specific transcription factor Ndt80 is regulated by the pachytene checkpoint

We have identified an internal deletion mutation of NDT80 that can completely bypass the pachytene checkpoint, indicating that posttranslational control is the primary regulation for Ndt80. More importantly, we have shown that the pachytene checkpoint controls nuclear localization of Ndt80 in response to recombination or synapsis defects.
Uncoupling Protein 2 Increases Susceptibility to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice

Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is upregulated in patients with systemic inflammation and infection, but its functional role is unclear. We up- or downregulated UCP2 expression using UCP2 recombinant adenovirus or the UCP2 inhibitor, genipin, in lungs of mice, and investigated the mechanisms of UCP2 in ALI. UCP2 overexpression in mouse lungs increased LPS-induced pathological changes, lung permeability, lung inflammation, and lowered survival rates. Furthermore, ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were decreased, while reactive oxygen species production was increased. Additionally, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activity was elevated, which increased the sensitivity to LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation. LPS-induced apoptosis and release of inflammatory factors were alleviated by pretreatment of the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 or the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, but not by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059 in UCP2-overexpressing mice. On the other hand, LPS-induced alveolar epithelial cell death and inflammation were attenuated by genipin. In conclusion, UCP2 increased susceptibility to LPS-induced cell death and pulmonary inflammation, most likely via ATP depletion and activation of MAPK signaling following ALI in mice.
RHA Implications of Proton on Gold-Plated Package Structures in SEE Evaluations

Proton single event dielectric rupture was observed in Analog Devices OP470 devices only when the package included gold flashing facing the die on the inner surface of the metal lid. The supply voltage was also a factor. Analysis shows that proton on gold fission fragments have the linear energy transfer and range to cause this effect. The physics of proton on gold reactions and radiation hardness assurance implications are explored.