Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Strain Limiting for Quadrilateral and Triangular Cloth Meshes

The cloth simulation systems often suffer from excessive extension on the polygonal mesh, so an additional strain‐limiting process is typically used as a remedy in the simulation pipeline. A cloth model can be discretized as either a quadrilateral mesh or a triangular mesh, and their strains are measured differently. The edge‐based strain‐limiting method for a quadrilateral mesh creates anisotropic behaviour by nature, as discretization usually aligns the edges along the warp and weft directions. We improve this anisotropic technique by replacing the traditionally used equality constraints with inequality ones in the mathematical optimization, and achieve faster convergence. For a triangular mesh, the state‐of‐the‐art technique measures and constrains the strains along the two principal (and constantly changing) directions in a triangle, resulting in an isotropic behaviour which prohibits shearing. Based on the framework of inequality‐constrained optimization, we propose a warp and weft strain‐limiting formulation. This anisotropic model is more appropriate for textile materials that do not exhibit isotropic strain behaviour.
Optimizing logistics operations in a country's currency supply network

ABSTRACT We optimize a large country's currency supply network for its central bank. The central bank provides currency to all branches (who in turn serve consumers and commerce) through its network of big vaults, regional vaults, and retail vaults. The central bank intends to reduce its total transportation cost by enlarging a few retail vaults to regional vaults. It seeks further reductions by optimizing the sourcing in the updated currency network. We develop an optimization model to select the retail vaults to upgrade, so that the total cost is minimized. Optimally choosing which retail vaults to upgrade is strongly NP-hard, so we develop an efficient heuristic that provides solutions whose costs average less than 3% above the optimum for realistic problem instances. An implementation of our methodology for a particular state has generated a total cost reduction of approximately 57% (equivalently, $2 million). To optimize the sourcing, we propose an alternative delivery process that further reduces the transportation cost by over 31% for the actual collected data and by over 38% for randomly generated data. This alternative optimizes the sourcing within the new currency network and requires significantly less computational effort.
Phylogenetic position of Gluconobacter species as a coherent cluster separated from all Acetobacter species on the basis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences.

The 16S rRNA sequences from the Gluconobacter species G. asaii, G. cerinus and G. frateurii were determined and compared with homologous sequences from published databases and sequences of G. oxydans and Acetobacter species previously described [Sievers, M. , Ludwig, W. and Teuber, M. (1994) System. Appl. Microbiol. 17, 189-196]. The Gluconobacter species have unique 16S rRNA sequences and exhibit sequence similarity values of 97.4 to 99.1%, corresponding to 36 to 14 base differences. The phylogenetic tree inferring methods (distance matrix, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood) show that the species of Gluconobacter form a coherent, closely related cluster. Based on the distance matrix method including Rhodopila globiformis as an outgroup reference organism, Gluconobacter is well separated from Acetobacter.
Consumer trust in organic milk of different brands: the role of Chinese organic label

Purpose – Organic certification system became important means to restore consumer confidence in China. The purpose of this paper is to focus on consumer trust in organic milk of different brands and its influencing factors. Design/methodology/approach – The data were collected from 876 randomly selected consumers in Shandong Province, China. And an ordered logistic model was established to analyze influencing factors of consumer trust. Findings – Chinese consumers generally lack trust in organic milk. Consumer trust for different brands of organic milk was different, and was not high in general. Various factors, namely, age, education years, food safety awareness, evaluation of government regulation policy, evaluation of organic milk price, and purchase convenience, have a significant impact on consumer trust. Factors, such as income, environmental protection consciousness, and risk consciousness, are not significant. Originality/value – This research is of academic value and of value to policy makers and.
Adherence of Listeria monocytogenes strains to stainless steel coupons

An assay was developed to measure the number of Listeria monocytogenes cells adhering to stainless steel, and was used to investigate the adherence of 111 strains of the organism, which included representatives with respect to serotype, carriage of plasmids, source and persistence in the food processing environment. Growth and adherence curves of four L. monocytogenes strains over 48 h were obtained. While the growth curves of all four micro‐organisms were seen to reach similar levels at stationary phase, there was still substantial variation among the adherence curves. In addition, a scatter‐graph of growth vs adherence counts at 24 h showed poor correlation. These factors indicated that interstrain variation in adherence at stationary phase is due to factor(s) intrinsic to each strain of L. monocytogenes. Persistent strains were found to adhere in significantly greater numbers than sporadic strains, and variation was also found among serotypes, with serotype 1/2c showing significantly greater adherence than serotypes 1/2a and 4b; 4b strains were significantly higher than those of 1/2a strains. No significant difference was found between strains according to source or plasmid carriage.
Antiandrogenic and antimineralocorticoid health benefits of COC containing newer progestogens: dienogest and drospirenone

Data have demonstrated that COCs, besides offering a satisfactory and safe contraception, offer a variety of non-contraceptive health benefits and therapeutic positive aspects. Many prescribes and users, however, do not realize these positive aspects especially the non-contraceptive health benefits. While the contraceptive use is the primary indication for COC use for most women, these users should be advised in regard of the non-contraceptive benefits when contraception is discussed and prescribed. Using COCs specifically for non-contraceptive indications is an off-label use in many clinical situations (only some exceptions as e.g. acne vulgaris in some countries are allowed clinical entities for the use of these drugs). Therefore, appropriate discussions with the patient regarding this fact should performed and documented by the prescribing physicians. Independent of the off-label situation, COCs containing the newer progestogens dienogest and drospirenone with their antiandrogenic and antimineralocorticoid health benefits play an important role in the management of many diseases and their use should therefore be considered by clinician’s. This review will focus on the effects of these COCs on the endometrium, the skin, the fat tissue and the premenstrual syndrome.
Delayed Spontaneous Rupture of a Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm Following Treatment with Flow Diversion: A Clinicopathologic Study

SUMMARY: In this report, we present the fatal spontaneous delayed rupture of a previously unruptured large PICA aneurysm following treatment with the PED. Pathology at postmortem examination has supported the theory that intra-aneurysmal thrombus may acutely destabilize the aneurysm wall. Aneurysms with an anatomic arrangement that promote continued flow into the neck may not be optimal candidates for the flow-diversion treatment strategy.
Merging of Topic Maps Based on Corpus

The distributed topic maps often need be merged when they are used for knowledge representation, the similarity calculation of two topics is a critical factor which affects the quality of final topic maps directly. In this paper, we present a novel approach to calculate the similarity of topics and merge the distributed topic maps, the method not only implements the syntax comparison between the topics, but constructs a domain-specific dictionary to resolve the low precision of topic semantic similarity calculation using the common dictionary purely, the massive texts are gathered form Wikipedia and Google snippets as corpus, on which the similarity score of the specific terms is calculated and stored to dictionary by a semantic text comparison method. The experiment indicates the new method can resolve particularly the problems of the common dictionary lacking many technical terms.
RCBR: a simple and efficient service for multiple time-scale traffic

Variable bit-rate (VBR) compressed video traffic is expected to be a significant component of the traffic mix in integrated services networks. This traffic is hard to manage because it has strict delay and loss requirements while simultaneously exhibiting burstiness at multiple time scales. We show that burstiness over long time scales, in conjunction with resource reservation using one-shot traffic descriptors, can substantially degrade the loss rate, end-to-end delay, and statistical multiplexing gain of a connection. We use large-deviation theory to model the performance of multiple time-scale traffic and to motivate the design of renegotiated constant bit rate (RCBR) service. Sources using RCBR service are presented with an abstraction of a fixed-size buffer which is drained at a constant rate. They may renegotiate the drain rate to match their workload. Because all traffic entering the network is constant bit-rate (CBR), RCBR requires minimal buffering and scheduling support in switches. We show that the service is suitable for both stored and online video sources. An RCBR source must decide when to renegotiate its service rate and what the new service rate should be. We present: (1) an algorithm to compute the optimal renegotiation schedule for stored (offline) traffic and (2) a heuristic to approximate the optimal schedule for online traffic. We also discuss measurement-based admission control (MBAC) for RCBR traffic. Simulation experiments show that RCBR is able to extract almost all of the statistical multiplexing gain available by exploiting slow time-scale variations in traffic. Moreover, simple admission control schemes are sufficient to keep the renegotiation failure probability below a small threshold while still offering high link utilization. Thus, we believe that RCBR is a simple, practical, and effective service for carrying multiple time-scale traffic.
Treatment of Oesophageal Bile Reflux in Children: The Results of a Prospective Study with Omeprazole

Objectives: Reflux of duodenal juice into the oesophagus has a role in the pathogenesis of both oesophageal and laryngopharyngeal inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. As little is known about effective therapy, we studied the effect of proton pump inhibitor therapy on oesophageal bile reflux in children. Methods: Twenty-nine children with moderate to severe erosive oesophagitis and abnormal oesophageal bile reflux were studied before and after treatment with omeprazole 1 mg/kg per day. Outcomes included a clinical symptom score, oesophageal acid and bile reflux (simultaneous 24-hour pH and Bilitec 2000 monitoring), and mucosal healing. Results: After 8 weeks of therapy, 17 (59%) of the patients were symptom-free, and 5 (17%) had minimal symptoms. Mucosal healing or reduction to low-grade oesophagitis was achieved in 25 children (86%; P < 0.0005). Mean percentages of total, upright, and supine time with oesophageal pH less than 4 were reduced from 17.0%, 16.8%, and 19.2% before treatment, to 2.83%, 3.17%, and 2.07%, respectively, after treatment (all P < 0.00001). Similarly, mean percentages of total, upright, and supine time with bile reflux were reduced from 16.96%, 12.67%, and 22.0%, to 2.27%, 1.91%, and 2.23%, respectively (P < 0.000001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.000001, respectively). Conclusions: Omeprazole 1 mg/kg per day is an effective therapy for the majority of children with severe erosive oesophagitis due to abnormal isolated bile reflux or combined acid and bile reflux. It remains unclear how patients with treatment-resistant bile reflux should be managed.
Principles of event segmentation in language: The case of motion events

We examine universals and crosslinguistic variation in constraints on event segmentation. Previous typological studies have focused on segmentation into syntactic (Pawley 1987) or intonational units (Givón 1991). We argue that the correlation between such units and semantic/conceptual event representations is language-specific. As an alternative, we introduce the MACRO-EVENT PROPERTY (MEP): a construction has the MEP if it packages event representations such that temporal operators necessarily have scope over all subevents. A case study on the segmentation of motion events into macro-event expressions in eighteen genetically and typologically diverse languages has produced evidence of two types of design principles that impact motion-event segmentation: language-specific lexicalization patterns and universal constraints on form-to-meaning mapping.
The Spemann organizer‐expressed zinc finger gene Xegr‐1 responds to the MAP kinase/Ets‐SRF signal transduction pathway

The transcriptional activity of a set of genes, which are all expressed in overlapping spatial and temporal patterns within the Spemann organizer of Xenopus embryos, can be modulated by peptide growth factors. We identify Xegr‐1, a zinc finger protein‐encoding gene, as a novel member of this group of genes. The spatial expression characteristics of Xegr‐1 during gastrulation are most similar to those of Xbra. Making use of animal cap explants, analysis of the regulatory events that govern induction of Xegr‐1 gene activity reveals that, in sharp contrast to transcriptional regulation of Xbra, activation of Ets–serum response factor (SRF) transcription factor complexes is required and sufficient for Xegr‐1 gene expression. This finding provides the first indication for Ets–SRF complexes bound to serum response elements to be activated during gastrulation. MAP kinase signalling cascades can induce and sustain expression of both Xegr‐1 and Xbra. Ectopic Xbra can induce Xegr‐1 transcription by an indirect mechanism that appears to operate via primary activation of fibroblast growth factor secretion. These findings define a cascade of events that links Xbra activity to the signal‐regulated control of Xegr‐1 transcription in the context of early mesoderm induction in Xenopus laevis.
Optimal errors and phase transitions in high-dimensional generalized linear models

Significance High-dimensional generalized linear models are basic building blocks of current data analysis tools including multilayers neural networks. They arise in signal processing, statistical inference, machine learning, communication theory, and other fields. We establish rigorously the intrinsic information-theoretic limitations of inference and learning for a class of randomly generated instances of generalized linear models, thus closing several decades-old conjectures. Moreover, we delimit regions of parameters for which the optimal error rates are efficiently achievable with currently known algorithms. Our proof technique is able to deal with the output nonlinearity and is hence of independent interest, opening ways to establish similar results for models of neural networks where nonlinearities are essential but in general difficult to account for. Generalized linear models (GLMs) are used in high-dimensional machine learning, statistics, communications, and signal processing. In this paper we analyze GLMs when the data matrix is random, as relevant in problems such as compressed sensing, error-correcting codes, or benchmark models in neural networks. We evaluate the mutual information (or “free entropy”) from which we deduce the Bayes-optimal estimation and generalization errors. Our analysis applies to the high-dimensional limit where both the number of samples and the dimension are large and their ratio is fixed. Nonrigorous predictions for the optimal errors existed for special cases of GLMs, e.g., for the perceptron, in the field of statistical physics based on the so-called replica method. Our present paper rigorously establishes those decades-old conjectures and brings forward their algorithmic interpretation in terms of performance of the generalized approximate message-passing algorithm. Furthermore, we tightly characterize, for many learning problems, regions of parameters for which this algorithm achieves the optimal performance and locate the associated sharp phase transitions separating learnable and nonlearnable regions. We believe that this random version of GLMs can serve as a challenging benchmark for multipurpose algorithms.
Effect of Generic Advertising on the Demand for Fluid Milk: The Case of the Texas Market Order

Abstract This analysis indicates that generic advertising expenditures, ceteris paribus, generated rightward shifts in demand for fluid milk in the Texas Market Order over the period January 1980 to September 1988. Generally, the results from this study are in agreement with previous research efforts which suggest that generic advertising can increase the demand for fluid milk. Importantly, in this analysis, the impacts of television and radio advertising have been effectively disentangled. Television advertising generates a response that wears off more quickly than radio advertising. Also, the long-run effect of radio advertising is about 1.75 times greater than the long-run effect of television advertising.
Opium smoking in the Frontier Province of Pakistan.

A field survey, based on a representative sample of children aged 12 to 16 years was carried out in three different areas of Malaysia. The data derived from the study have revealed that 10.5 per cent of them used drugs for non-medical reasons. Drug use was more common among boys (11.9 per cent) than girls (8.6 per cent). The highest frequency of drug was found in the youngest group--12-year-old children (13.5 per cent). The use of barbiturate and/or non-barbiturate sedatives (5.5 per cent) ranked first. This was followed in descending order by tranquillizers (4.5 per cent), simultants/amphetamines (3.9 per cent), heroin (3.6 per cent), morphine and/or opium (3.9 per cent), the hallucinogens (3.1 per cent) and cannabis (2.7 per cent).
Capital Market Reactions and the Content of Credit Rating Reports: A Textual Analysis

This paper analyzes the informational content of 3,365 Moody’s credit rating reports, such as rating changes, watchlist announcements, and outlooks, and their impact on financial markets. We test whether the tone or the length of credit rating report have an immediate impact on the equity or credit default swap (CDS) market and therefore provide new market information. Moreover, we analyze whether credit rating agencies (CRAs) have a monitoring type in financial markets.Our results show that the tone of the rating report has an significant impact on stock returns and CDS spread. This is particularly driven by the negative words in the reports, resulting in negative stock market reaction and increasing CDS spreads. These results document the importance of credit rating reports and the role of CRAs as informational providers and underline their monitoring function for financial markets.
Human resource management in the banking sector of Cyprus : intention, implementation and perception

In the past much work has been done on HRM. A larg e portion of this work is dedicated to HRM ‘content’, whereas aspects related to ‘processes’ and ‘perceptions’ are often overlooked. To gain a holis tic picture of HRM, this study brings together these three areas and investigates HRM fro m multiple perspectives. Under the spectrum of HRM as ‘content’, focus fall on explori ng the different operating HR policies and practices and how these are horizontal ly integrated or vertically aligned. Under the spectrum of HRM as ‘process’ and ‘percept ions’, the aim is to explore the policy intentions of senior HR managers, their impl ementations by line managers and how they are perceived by non-managerial employees. This endeavor has been achieved in Cyprus – banking sector. By employing a contextualised case study approach, by triangulatin g results through questionnaires and interviews and by merging together various sources of information and different levels of participants (both within and beyond the bank), it was feasible to explore below the surface. This study adopts a pluralistic approach t o HRM research, presents the ‘multivocality’ regarding several HR aspects and portrays the different and contrasting views of those affected by the operation of HRM. A number of main themes are central to this study. In particular, attention is drawn to: The main HRM policies and practices in the specific ontext The importance of influential forces shaping the op ration of HRM The gaps between the intentions of senior managers and how policies are implemented by line managers The role of line managers and the barriers for effe ctiv delivery of HRM The way that employees experience and perceive HRM The reasons why employees have mostly negative perc tions Empirically testing theoretical propositions and mo dels existing in HRM literature, a number of key findings have emerged. Concerning the content of HRM, in the particular settings, findings show that there are s ome ‘Core Plus Context’ specific HR practices. The presence of these practices (and the absence of some others) is influenced by various forces such as cultural/country features ; legislation; sectoral / organisational characteristics and the nature of workforce employe d by the bank. Concerning HRM as processes and perceptions, the findings unveil many f ctors contributing to the ‘gaps’ and ‘blockages’ that exist between intended-impleme nted and perceived HRM. In essence, results support one of the most critica l concerns in HRM literature; the ‘rhetoric versus reality’ argument. This study conf irms that it is one thing to know what the intended policies and strategic goals are (i.e. th content), another to explore how these are enacted (i.e. the process) and quite anot her t discover how employees at the ‘receiving-end’ experience and perceive these in th eir daily work (i.e. the perceptions). The University of Manchester Fotis Pavlou Doctor of Philosophy 2011
Profile of Unnatural Death of Adult Females in and Around Akola - A Medico-Legal Study

Even in present era of women liberalization, empowerment and education, there is increase in crimes against women is deeply embedded in our society which is matter of great social concern. This study was conducted to determine unnatural deaths of adult females in age group of 18-60 years. It was a retrospective study which autopsy data from January 2013 to December 2013 was studied. A total 180 female cases were autopsied in this one year period. Among them majority of victims were married [79.4%], Hindu [65%] and most of the victims were from age group 21-30 years [37.7%]. Burns were commonest cause of death [49.4%] in which majority of deaths were accidental [52.2%] in nature. The findings of present study show that how women of adult age group are susceptible to unnatural deaths. Henceforth, it is the need of hour to take some concrete steps to reduce or prevent the potentially preventable unnatural deaths among adult females of the region.