Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patient satisfaction with primary care in Armenia: good rating of bad services?

The study assessed the level of patient satisfaction at selected primary health-care facilities in Lori and Shirak provinces of Armenia. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 684 recent clients at primary health-care facilities. The majority of patients were satisfied with their provider (mean satisfaction score of 1.75 out of maximum 2). Most patients (89.0%) would visit the same provider again, and would recommend the provider to friends (85.6%). Satisfaction with other aspects of care, including waiting time, accessibility of services, confidentiality and cleanliness of the facility, was also high (mean score of 1.70 out of 2). Seventy-eight percent of respondents considered the care they received to be ‘excellent’ or ‘good’. The less educated and those in rural areas were more likely to be satisfied with the provider's quality. Despite the fundamental problems now challenging the Armenian primary health-care sector, patient satisfaction remains high. Given the high level of reported satisfaction, more focused satisfaction research tools and alternative approaches to patient assessments of care are needed to inform quality improvement in the Armenian setting.
Testosterone and pubertal development as predictors of sexual activity: a panel analysis of adolescent males.

&NA; Strong cross‐sectional relationships between testosterone (T) and sexual activity have been found for human adolescent males, even when level of pubertal development is controlled; however, it has not been demonstrated that sexual behavior increases over time as a consequence of hormonal changes. The purpose of this paper was to extend previous cross‐sectional findings by demonstrating that sexual behavior is initiated and increases within individuals over time as a direct function of changes in T levels, rather than indirectly through pubertal development. Analyses are based on a 3‐year panel study of about 100 7th‐ and 8th‐grade adolescent boys. Pubertal development and changes in pubertal development were significantly and positively related to changes in sexual ideation, noncoital behavior, and to the transition to sexual intercourse. Testosterone levels at study entry were significantly related to coital status at Time 1 and also predicted the transition to nonvirgin status. However, changes in hormone levels during the 3 years of study participation did not predict changes in ideation or noncoital sexual activity, regardless of the period of change or the lag time to effects. The panel data suggest, in contrast to earlier cross‐sectional results, that change in pubertal development is related to the initiation of sexual activity because of its social stimulus value, and not solely because it is determined by, or is a proxy for, changing hormone levels. Possible causes of the different findings in the cross‐sectional and panel data are examined, and the implications and meaning of hormone/behavior relationships based on single measures are discussed.
Workplace bullying and sleep disturbances: findings from a large scale cross-sectional survey in the French working population.

STUDY OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between workplace bullying, the characteristics of workplace bullying, and sleep disturbances in a large sample of employees of the French working population. DESIGN Workplace bullying, evaluated using the validated instrument developed by Leymann, and sleep disturbances, as well as covariates, were measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Covariates included age, marital status, presence of children, education, occupation, working hours, night work, physical and chemical exposures at work, self-reported health, and depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis and was carried out separately for men and women. SETTING General working population. PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of a random sample of 3132 men and 4562 women of the working population in the southeast of France. RESULTS Workplace bullying was strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Past exposure to bullying also increased the risk for this outcome. The more frequent the exposure to bullying, the higher the risk of experiencing sleep disturbances. Observing someone else being bullied in the workplace was also associated with the outcome. Adjustment for covariates did not modify the results. Additional adjustment for self-reported health and depressive symptoms diminished the magnitude of the associations that remained significant. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of workplace bullying (around 10%) was found to be high in this study as well was the impact of this major job-related stressor on sleep disturbances. Although no conclusion about causality could be drawn from this cross-sectional study, the findings suggest that the contribution of workplace bullying to the burden of sleep disturbances may be substantial.
Strategic Investment Funds: Opportunities and Challenges

Over the past 15 years, the number of government-sponsored strategic investment funds has grown rapidly in countries at all income levels. This paper identifies some of the challenges that these funds face in their endeavor to achieve economic policy objectives while also securing commercial financial returns -- the so-called double bottom line. Through a review of the objectives, investment strategies, and operations of a sample of strategic investment funds, this paper outlines ways in which these challenges have been addressed. The paper suggests that properly structured and managed strategic investment funds can be effective vehicles for crowding in private investors to priority investments, thus magnifying the impact of public capital. However, their success rests on the funds' ability to balance policy and commercial objectives, source investment opportunities, and secure the right fund management capacity.
Fluctuating orders and quenched randomness in the cuprates

We study a quasi-2D classical Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson effective field theory in the presence of quenched disorder in which incommensurate charge-density wave and superconducting orders are intertwined. The disorder precludes long-range charge-density wave order, but not superconducting or nematic order. We select three representative sets of input parameters and compute the corresponding charge-density wave structure factors using both large-$N$ techniques and classical Monte Carlo simulations. Where nematicity and superconductivity coexist at low temperature, the peak height of the charge-density wave structure factor decreases monotonically as a function of increasing temperature, unlike what is seen in X-ray experiments on YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$. Conversely, where the thermal evolution of the charge-density wave structure factor qualitatively agrees with experiments, the nematic correlation length, computed to one-loop order, is shorter than the charge-density wave correlation length.
Patent NMT integrated with Large Vocabulary Phrase Translation by SMT at WAT 2017

Neural machine translation (NMT) cannot handle a larger vocabulary because the training complexity and decoding complexity proportionally increase with the number of target words. This problem becomes even more serious when translating patent documents, which contain many technical terms that are observed infrequently. Long et al.(2017) proposed to select phrases that contain out-of-vocabulary words using the statistical approach of branching entropy. The selected phrases are then replaced with tokens during training and post-translated by the phrase translation table of SMT. In this paper, we apply the method proposed by Long et al. (2017) to the WAT 2017 Japanese-Chinese and Japanese-English patent datasets. Evaluation on Japanese-to-Chinese, Chinese-to-Japanese, Japanese-to-English and English-to-Japanese patent sentence translation proved the effectiveness of phrases selected with branching entropy, where the NMT model of Long et al.(2017) achieves a substantial improvement over a baseline NMT model without the technique proposed by Long et al.(2017).
Looking at infertility through the lens of religion and spirituality: a review of the literature

In spite of the growing body of literature that has focused on medical, psychological, social, and cultural consequences of infertility, issues such as religious and spiritual dimensions of infertility have received little attention. Considering that infertility is a multifaceted problem and results in multiple losses, we argue that health professionals need to consider all aspects of holistic care when caring for women with fertility problems. Holistic care considers not only the psychological, social and cultural needs of individuals, but also their religious and spiritual needs. Women may use their religious/spiritual beliefs to cope with crisis, and to find meaning and hope in their suffering. This article reviews the literature on religion/spirituality and infertility using Medline, CINAHL, PBSC, IBSS and ISI Web of Knowledge from 1985 to the present. It focuses on religious and spiritual care as one aspect of holistic care of women with fertility problems, and draws attention to the religious perspectives of infertility and reproductive technologies. It highlights the spiritual dimension of the infertility experience in previous research, and concludes with a discussion on the gaps in the literature and the implications of including religious and spiritual issues in infertile women's care.
Numerical quadrature and operator splitting in finite element methods for cardiac electrophysiology

We study the numerical accuracy and computational efficiency of alternative formulations of the finite element solution procedure for the monodomain equations of cardiac electrophysiology, focusing on the interaction of spatial quadrature implementations with operator splitting and examining both nodal and Gauss quadrature methods and implementations that mix nodal storage of state variables with Gauss quadrature. We evaluate the performance of all possible combinations of ‘lumped’ approximations of consistent capacitance and mass matrices. Most generally, we find that quadrature schemes and lumped approximations that produce decoupled nodal ionic equations allow for the greatest computational efficiency, this being afforded through the use of asynchronous adaptive time‐stepping of the ionic state variable ODEs. We identify two lumped approximation schemes that exhibit superior accuracy, rivaling that of the most expensive variationally consistent implementations. Finally, we illustrate some of the physiological consequences of discretization error in electrophysiological simulation relevant to cardiac arrhythmia and fibrillation. These results suggest caution with the use of semi‐automated free‐form tetrahedral and hexahedral meshing algorithms available in most commercially available meshing software, which produce nonuniform meshes having a large distribution of element sizes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human Factor VIII Inhibitor Alloantibodies with a C2 Epitope Inhibit Factor Xa-catalyzed Factor VIII Activation: A new Anti-factor VIII Inhibitory Mechanism

Summary Factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitor alloantibodies react with the A2, C2, or A3-C1 domains of FVIII and inactivate FVIII activity. We recently demonstrated that an anti-C2 monoclonal antibody with a Val2248Gly2285 epitope, inhibited factor Xa (FXa)-catalyzed FVIII activation, and that a FXa binding site for FVIII was located within residues Thr2253-Gln2270. In this study, we investigated whether anti-C2 alloantibodies inhibit FXa-catalyzed FVIII activation. Anti-C2 alloantibodies from four patients inhibited FVIII activation by FXa in onestage clotting assay. Furthermore, analysis by SDS-PAGE showed that all alloantibodies inhibited FVIII proteolytic cleavage by FXa independently of phospholipid. To confirm direct inhibition of FVIII and FXa interaction, we examined the effect of alloantibodies on FVIII binding to anhydro-FXa, a catalytically inactive FXa, in ELISA. All alloantibodies and C2-affinity purified F(ab)’2 preparations inhibited FVIII binding to anhydro-FXa dose-dependently. Our results revealed a new inhibitory mechanism of FVIII, mediated by inhibition of FXa in the presence of anti-C2 alloantibodies.
Type I toxin-antitoxin systems in Bacillus subtilis

Type I toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in bacteria and consist of a toxin-encoding mRNA and a partially overlapping antisense RNA that blocks expression of the toxin, either at the level of translation or by mRNA degradation. Four type I toxin families have so far been proposed in B. subtilis based on sequence similarity: TxpA/BsrG, BsrH/BsrE, YonT and YhzE and two (TxpA and BsrG) have been studied in some detail. Here we review what is known about these confirmed and putative toxin-antitoxin families in B. subtilis, their regulatory mechanisms, their potential roles and how they may link to the physiology of the cell.
Othogonality and fixed points on nonexpansive maps

The concept of weakorthogonality for a Banach lattice is examined. A proof that in such a lattice non expansive self maps of a non empty weakly compact convex set have fixed points is outlined. A geometric generalization of weakorthogonality is introduced and related to the Opial condition. AMS subject classification: 47H10
Value-Added Tax: Portuguese Experience and Anticipated Impact on the Greek Tourism Industry

This paper estimates the impact of the recent 10% VAT increase on Greek tourism industry, the effect on firm profitability and probability of firm survival by testing the consequences of an equivalent VAT change in Portugal. The analysis is divided into 3 periods: before and after the VAT hike, and during the financial crisis with the total time period from 2003 to 2013. The sample is composed of 23,388 Portuguese and 4,969 Greek unique firms with 5.1 and 6.9 year-observations per firm for Portugal and Greece, on average and respectively. The results show that the increase of VAT from 13 to 23% will lead to a negative scenario with the effect even more dramatic than the recent financial crisis. The equivalent 10% VAT raise in Portugal caused a significant decline in firm profitability, an average drop of 9.4% compared to 1.15% during the financial crisis, a massive increase in the number of inactive firms and amplified the likelihood of firms to become bankrupt by 3.063 times. Such consequences will inevitably affect unemployment and will cause a slump in tax revenue in the long run. Hence, this research has wide practical and academic implementation and should be considered by the Greek and Portuguese government before taking a next step of interventions in the tourism sector.
Plasma concentrations of complement-modulating proteins (C1 inhibitor, C4 binding protein, factor H and factor I) in inflammatory dermatoses with special reference to psoriasis.

By using single radial immunodiffusion, plasma levels of four complement-modulating proteins, i.e. C1 inhibitor (C1INH), C4-binding protein (C4bp), factor H and factor I were measured in 42 psoriatic patients and in 60 patients with other inflammatory skin diseases in comparison with 27 normal controls. In psoriatic patients and those with related pustular dermatoses, the levels of C4bp, factor H and factor I were significantly increased. They correlated well with both extent of skin changes and disease activity. In contrast, in nonpsoriatic inflammatory dermatoses only factor H values were significantly increased in toxic erythema and factor I in atopic dermatitis. These results offer additional support for the hypothesis that the complement system is involved in psoriasis and related sterile pustular dermatoses.
Observed relationships between the Southern Annular Mode and atmospheric carbon dioxide

The authors examine the observed relationships between large‐scale climate variability and concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Southern Hemisphere. The results reveal that month‐to‐month variations in the rate of change of atmospheric CO2 at Palmer Station on the Antarctic Peninsula are significantly related to fluctuations in the dominant mode of Southern Hemisphere atmospheric variability, the so‐called Southern Annular Mode (SAM). A similar but weaker relationship between the SAM and atmospheric CO2 is evident at Syowa Station in eastern Antarctica, but not at the South Pole or stations located in Southern Hemisphere middle latitudes. Hence the SAM is most clearly related to fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 at locations that sample the westerly flow over the high latitudes of the Southern Ocean. Results based on CO2 flux estimates from the Atmospheric Tracer Transport Model Intercomparison Project (TransCom) suggest the observed relationships at least partially reflect the impact of the SAM on the flux of CO2 over the Southern Ocean.
Idiopathic bleeding during the second half of pregnancy as a risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome

Objective. To investigate pregnancy outcome in women suffering from idiopathic vaginal bleeding (IVB) during the second half of pregnancy. Methods. A comparison between patients admitted to the hospital due to bleeding during the second half of pregnancy and patients without bleeding was performed. Patients lacking prenatal care as well as multiple gestations were excluded from the analysis. Stratified analyses using the Mantel–Haenszel technique and a multiple logistic regression model were performed to control for confounders. Results. During the study period, 173 621 singleton deliveries occurred at our institute. Of these, 2077 (1.19%) were complicated with bleeding upon admission during the second half of pregnancy. After excluding cases with bleeding due to placental abruption, placenta previa, cervical problems, etc., 67 patients were classified as having IVB (0.038%). Independent risk factors associated with IVB, using a backward, stepwise multivariable analysis were oligohydramnios (OR=6.2; 95% CI 3.1–12.7; p < 0.001), premature rupture of membranes (OR=3.4; 95% CI 1.8–6.2; p < 0.001), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR, OR 5.6; 95% CI 2.5–12.2; p < 0.001), and Jewish ethnicity (OR=1.9; 95% CI 1.0–3.5; p=0.036). These patients subsequently were more likely to deliver preterm (<37 weeks, 56.7% vs. 7.3%; mean gestational age of 33.6±5.7 weeks vs. 39.2±2.1 weeks; p < 0.001) and by cesarean delivery (CD, 35.8% vs. 12.1%, OR=4.0; 95% CI 2.4–6.6; p < 0.001). Higher rates of low Apgar scores (<7) at 1 and 5 minutes were noted in these patients (OR=10.3; 95% CI 5.9–17.8; p < 0.001 and OR=17.8; 95% CI 7.1–44.5; p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, perinatal mortality rate among patients admitted due to idiopathic bleeding was significantly higher as compared to patients without bleeding (9.6% vs. 1.2%, OR=8.4; 95% CI 3.3–21.2; p < 0.001). However, when controlling for preterm delivery, using the Mantel-Haenszel technique, the association lost its significance. Conclusion. Idiopathic vaginal bleeding during the second half of pregnancy is a risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome, mostly due to its significant association with preterm delivery. Careful surveillance, including fetal monitoring, is suggested in these cases in order to reduce the adverse perinatal outcome.
Properties of jamming configurations built up by the adsorption of Brownian particles onto solid surfaces.

We study a realistic model for the absorption of colloid particles or latex spheres from solution on a solid surface. The adsorbing particles are represented by hard spheres that undergo Brownian motion in the vicinity of the surface. Once a sphere touches the surface, it becomes permanently fixed in place. We show that the mean coverage and structure of the jammed configurations that result from this irreversible adsorption process are indistinguishable from those of their counterparts generated by a random sequential adsorption (RSA) algorithm. This result demonstrates, posteriori, the importance of the RSA model in the study of static properties of systems of absorbed particles.
Informed consent policies governing medical students' interactions with patients.

When medical students become involved in patient care, concerns are raised that have ethical and possibly legal implications. In order to determine compliance with the guidelines of the U.S. government and the Joint Committee on Accreditation of Hospitals pertaining to informed consent, the authors conducted a study of hospital administrators, medical school department chairpersons, and medical school deans (with response rates ranging from 82.3 to 95.1 percent) concerning policies on student involvement in patient care. The results show that only 37.5 percent of all responding teaching hospitals specifically informed patients that students would be involved in care. Only 51 percent of the responding medical schools that specifically gave their students instruction or guidance on initial patient interaction as a matter of policy insisted that their students introduce themselves as students and clarify their role in patient care. The authors conclude that medical educators' compliance with the ethical requirements of informed consent is incomplete.
Suicidal Ideation among Italian and Spanish Young Adults: The Role of Sexual Orientation

The purpose of the current study was to identify demographic, social, and psychological variables associated with suicidal ideation in an Italian sample and a Spanish sample, taking into account the relevance of sexual orientation as a risk factor for suicide. Three hundred twenty gay and bisexual men, 396 heterosexual men, 281 lesbians and bisexual women, and 835 heterosexual women were recruited. In chi-square and multivariable logistic regression analyses we identified several consistent cross-national risk factors for suicidal ideation: having lower education, not being religious, being homosexual or bisexual, not being engaged in a stable relationship, having lower level of peer and parental attachment, and having depressive symptoms. Interestingly, the strongest risk factor in both samples, after depression symptoms, was sexual orientation.