Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of intraplate deformation: Simple mechanical models of continental collision

We study a model of continental collision in which one of the continents acts as a rigid die indenting the other plate which flows as an incompressible viscoplastic medium. We consider two extreme cases of plane deformation: (1) plane strain which corresponds to an infinitely thick lithospheric plate, and (2) plane stress corresponding to a very thin plate. Deformation of the lithosphere, a thick plate, should be intermediate between those extremes. We found that the flow in the plane strain case is quite similar to that obtained by slip line, theory. The plane stress results are quite different, since in this case most of the plate shortening is taken up by the thickening of the lithosphere. We also explored the role of boundary conditions on the flow, in particular, the role of the side walls containing the flow of the lithosphere. In the case of a free lateral boundary the main feature is a flow of matter toward this free wall and a S-like pattern for the horizontal stress field. For a rigid wall, on the other hand, the plane strain and the plane stress results are quite different. In the first case, there is a large return flow on the sides of the punch, the material being extruded along the only free surface available. In the plane stress case, the return flow disappears, and the material displaced by the penetration of the die tends to thicken the plate. The role of a nonlinear constitutive relation is studied for power law creep. As the power of the flow limit increases, the flow retains its general features, but the deformation localizes creating sharper contrasts between high and low strain rate areas; in plane stress, the effect of nonlinearity is to increase the contrasts in vertical motion. Available data for Asia are discussed in the light of the new results.
IS THE SOUTH AFRICAN EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILE? APPLICATION OF THE ARCH FRAMEWORK

This study applies the autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model to forecast exchange rate volatility in South Africa for the period 1990Q1 to 2014Q2. The ARCH (1) and ARCH (2) models were constructed using four variables; namely, exchange rate, gross domestic product, inflation and interest rates. Upon addressing the issue of stationarity, the models were fitted and the ARCH (1) model was found to be fit. This model revealed a high volatility of exchange rate compared to the ARCH (2) model. Prior to forecasting, the selected model was subjected to a battery of diagnostics tests and was found to be stable and well specified. The forecasts from the ARCH (1) model proved that in the near future, exchange rate will not be highly volatile though SA will experience depreciation in its currency.
Effect of Individual, Group or ESF Housing in Pregnancy and Individual or Group Housing in Lactation on the Performance of Sows and Their Piglets

To evaluate different housing systems, 80 gilts were randomly allocated at puberty to four treatments: i) sow stall in gestation followed by farrowing crate (SC), ii) group housing with individual feeding in gestation followed by farrowing crate (GC), iii) ESF (Electronic Sow Feeding) system in gestation followed by farrowing crate (EC), and iv) ESF system followed by group farrowing pen (EG). The results showed that stalled sows had a longer interval between puberty and second estrus (p<0.001). The sows kept in the ESF system gained more body weight (p<0.01) and backfat (p<0.05) prior to service, and more backfat during gestation (p<0.05), but also had greater backfat losses in the subsequent lactation (p<0.01). Sows changing from loose housing to confinement at farrowing had longer gestation length (p<0.001 Total litter size did not differ significantly between gestation treatments, but the number of stillborn piglets was significantly higher in the SC treatment (p<0.01). After weaning, SC sows had the longest interval for rebreeding (p<0.001). Some EG sows came into heat before weaning, giving this treatment the shortest interval. These results indicate that gestation confinement in sow stalls had several detrimental effects on sow performance relative to group housing.
Impact of Knowledge Management Infrastructure on Organizational Performance with Moderating Role of KM Performance: An Empirical Study on Banking Sector of Pakistan

From the last decade, Knowledge Management (KM) performs outstanding while implemented correctly not only to enhance the internal strength of the organizations but also to boost the external competitiveness. The current study investigated the impact of KM infrastructure (technology and culture) on organizational performance (OP) and how KM performance moderates the relationship between KM infrastructure and organizational performance.A total of 400 managerial employees of banking sector of Pakistan have been selected to get responses and 363 respondents returned valid questionnaires that are used for final analysis through SPSS 21 by using multiple regression analysis and Barron and Kenny (1986) moderation test. Results of the current study revealed that there is significant positive impact of KM infrastructure on the OP and KM performance partially strengthen the relationship and these results are in line with the results of the previous studies mentioned in the literature. The results of the current study have so many managerial implications for organizations. If banks in Pakistan want to increase performance, they must have to work on maintaining the efficient KM infrastructure. When organizations have efficient KM infrastructure, these ultimately increase performance and organizations will remain competitive in the industry. Keywords: Knowledge Management, KM Infrastructure, Organizational Performance, Banking Sector of Pakistan
The joys of genuine giving: Approach and avoidance sacrifice motivation and authenticity

Why do sacrifices undertaken in pursuit of approach and avoidance goals differentially influence well-being and relationship quality? A cross-sectional study (Study 1), an experiment (Study 2), and a 2-week daily experience study (Study 3) demonstrate that the personal and interpersonal outcomes of approach and avoidance sacrifice goals in dating and married relationships are mediated by felt authenticity. When people sacrificed for approach goals such as to make their partner happy, they felt more authentic, in turn contributing to greater personal and relationship well-being. However, when they sacrificed for avoidance goals such as to avoid conflict, they felt less authentic, in turn detracting from personal and relationship well-being. Implications for research and theory on motivational processes in close relationships are discussed.
Absorptive Capacity, R&D Spillovers, Emissions Taxes and R&D Subsidies

We consider in this paper a duopoly competing in quantities and where�firms can invest in R&D to control their emissions. We distinguish between effort carried out to acquire first-hand knowledge (original R&D)and effort to develop an absorptive capacity to be able to capture part of the knowledge developed by rival. There are also free R&D spillovers between firms. We show that a regulator can reach the social optimal outcome by implementing a taxation and subsidy policy. The regulator subsidizes at a higher rate original R&D effort than its absorptive capacity counterpart when the free spillovers are high, and the contrary may occur when the free spillovers are low. When the cost of original research is lower than the one of absorptive research, or when the learning parameter of the latter is low, then the socially optimal level of original research is higher than the one of absorptive capacity. We have the opposite result when the cost of absorptive capacity is lower than the one of original research and when the learning parameter is high.
Food supplementation does not increase demographic rates in a passerine species of conservation concern

Abstract Numerous studies have examined the effects of the provision of supplementary food on aspects of avian reproductive success, but far fewer have gone on to examine the potential positive effects of food supple-mentation on the demographic rates which are key for population growth rate. Testing for potential effects of food shortage on vital rates is likely to be particularly important in species of high conservation con-cern, where populations are particularly small, isolated or decreasing rapidly. Here we test the effects of the provision of supplementary food on reproductive success, body condition at fledging and post-fledging survival of ring ouzels ( Turdus torquatus ), a species of high conservation concern in the UK. However, food supplementation had no detectable effect on any of these parameters. There was no significant dif-ference in return rates of fed and unfed fledglings in the year following hatching, and most post-fledging mortality was apparently caused by predation by raptors and mustelids. We conclude that the supply of invertebrate food sources for nestlings was not a major limiting factor in our study area, at least during this two-year study. Further studies are required to quantify the precise mix of habitats used by ring ouzels, at the appropriate scale, which provide concealment from predators and access to food supplies throughout the spring and summer months.
Immunocytochemical and cytomorphometric diagnostics of malignant lymphomas in dogs

Monoclonal antibodies are used to determine whether tumour cells of malignant lymphomas in dogs belong to B or T lymphocytes, to define the proliferative potential of the cells (Ki-67 protein, PCNA antigen, AgNORs) and to demonstrate effects of potential mutations of the p53 gene. Among 76 examined cases, 58 tumours (76.32%) were lymphomas of lymphocytes B; the remaining 18 (23.68%) cases were qualified as originating from lymphocytes T. Lymphomas with a high grade of malignancy prevailed (54 cases, 71.06%), and also in this group of lymphomas of lymphocytes B prevailed (48 cases, 88.89%). The remaining 22 cases (28.95%) represented less malignant lymphomas, including 12 cases of lymphocyte T lymphomas (54.54%). In the group of highly malignant lymphomas, high values of Ki67 and PCNA indices were demonstrated. Positive reactions of low intensity with anti-p53 protein were obtained in 31 cases (57.4%) of highly malignant and in 9 cases (40.9%) of less malignant lymphomas. In dogs, most frequently malignant centroblastic B receptor lymphomas are encountered. The extent of malignancy is determined by young forms and their proliferation exponents are Ki-67 and PCNA proteins.
Assessmentof tomato consumption and demand in Nepal

Tomato is also known as the poor man’s apple in Nepal. China is the largest producer of tomato in the world. Tomato is grown throughout the year in recent years in Nepal with the introduction of plastic house for off season production. Secondary information is used to assess the consumption pattern and national demand of tomato in 2015/16 for Nepal. The result showed the import from India is increasing compared to previous years. The reason behind this might be increase in consumption of tomato in recent years in Nepal. The central development region is the highest consumer of tomato compared to other regions of the country. The average national consumption of tomato was found 11.97Kg/person/year in Nepal.
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN COWPEA IN EARLY AND LATE KHARIF SEASONS

The experiment was conducted using 14 genotypes of cowpea to study their yield performance, variability and correlation under dryland conditions during early and late kharif. The results showed significant differences among the genotypes evaluated for all the characters. The four genotypes IT-38956-1, KBC-1, KBC-2 and TVX -944-02E have performed better during both the seasons, thus these genotypes are well fitted in double cropping system. Variability studies indicated that all the characters were predominantly governed by additive gene action during both the seasons; however the branches/plant during late kharif was the exception. Correlation studies revealed that seed yield was correlated positively with all the characters during early kharif, but during late kharif, it was correlated only with the plant height.
The effect of parental traits on the son reproductive performance in high temperature condition

This study is an investigation of three different ages, 2-3 days aged old (young), 27-28 days aged old (middle) and 52-53 days aged old (high) in male to test influence of aging and temperature on male reproductive performance, female fitness traits and also offspring fitness traits. The male reproductive performance including male mating ability and mating success on the female fitness traits, that were examined patterns of age dependence on the temperature behavior when exposed to high (29°c) temperature. At 29°c, between three ages (young, middle and old) the among of female fecundity and fertility was significantly reduced, compared to normal temperature. There was a significant egg laid and egg hatchability between young, middle and old age females (young>middle>old), also, in females that mated with son flies obtained from male young, middle and old aged, the variation of fecundity and fertility between females was significant, but the among of females fecundity and fertility that were mated with son’s of male middle age was higher than young and old age: (middle>young> old).
What You Feel Is What You See: A Binding Perspective on Evaluative Conditioning

In this paper, we outline the predominant theoretical perspectives on evaluative conditioning (EC)—the changes in liking that are due to the pairing of stimuli—identify their weaknesses, and propose a new framework, the binding perspective on EC, which might help to overcome at least some of these issues. Based on feature integration theory (Treisman & Gelade, 1980, https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(80)90005-5) and the theory of event coding (TEC; Hommel, Müsseler, Aschersleben, & Prinz, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X01000103), we assume that EC depends on a selective integration mechanism that binds relevant CS, US, and action features into an event-file, while simultaneously inhibiting features irrelevant for current goals. This perspective examines hitherto unspecified processes relevant to the encoding of CS-US pairs and their consequences for behavior, which we hope will stimulate further theoretical development. We also present some preliminary evidence for binding in EC and discuss the scope and limitations of this perspective.
Cost of equity estimation techniques used by valuation experts

Cost of equity is crucial information that enters business valuation. Yet, even after decades of academic research, consensus has not been reached regarding the appropriate cost of equity estimation. The aim of our paper is to investigate the cost of equity estimation in practice. In other words, we aim to provide data on the popularity of individual cost of equity models and evidence on what techniques are used for the estimation of parameters entering the models. For this purpose, we use a specifically developed program and obtain a unique dataset of cost of equity values, estimation methods and parameters used by valuation experts in the Czech Republic in the period between 1997 and 2009. Our findings suggest that the most popular model for cost of equity estimation is CAPM, which is followed by the heuristic build up model. In the case of CAPM, risk premiums for unsystematic risks are often applied. Such premiums depend to large extent on expert’s own experience and as such are rather qualitative in nature. Overall, in most points of the analysis, our results are consistent with previous, survey-based research on the US and the Western European data.
DO DIFFERENT TIMES CALL FOR DIFFERENT MEASURES? THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION IN TIMES OF ECONOMIC RECESSION

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of generational, contextual and individual influences on Millennials’ career expectations. Design/methodology/approach – Two matched samples of Millennials graduating in 2006 (n = 787) and 2009 (n = 825) filled out a questionnaire regarding their psychological contract expectations, career strategy and optimism about the labor market in completely different socio-economic contexts. Findings – Recession is related to lower levels of optimism. During times of recession, Millennials lower their expectations regarding the work-life balance and social atmosphere. However, their expectations regarding job content, training, career development and financial rewards remain high, suggesting that these expectations are largely embedded within the generation. Moreover, Millennials’ expectations are significantly influenced by individual variables, careerism and optimism. Implications – This study suggests that managers need to focus their limited resources during times of recession on meeting Millennials’ high expectations regarding their development and careers. Because violating these high expectations can have detrimental effects on a number of outcomes, organizations are encouraged to discover creative and inexpensive ways to provide Millennials with meaningful work, plenty of learning opportunities and career development. Originality/value – By comparing two matched samples of Millennials in two different situations, the present study was able to disentangle generational, contextual and individual influences on Millennials’ psychological contract expectations
Promotion by sodium in emission control catalysis : A kinetic and spectroscopic study of the Pd-catalyzed reduction of NO by propene

Sodium strongly promotes the reduction of NO by propene over Pd catalysts supported on 8 mol% yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) in the temperature range 520‐720 K. Rate increases by an order of magnitude are achievable, while the selectivity towards to N2 is improved from»75% over the unpromoted Pd catalyst to >95% over the optimally Na-promoted catalyst. The results indicate that promotion is due to sodium-induced increases in the strength of NO chemisorption relative to propene. This is accompanied by weakening of the N‐O bond, thus facilitating NO dissociation, which process is proposed as the critical reaction initiating step. The XPS and Auger data are consistent with this view. These findings are in excellent accord with a recent study of the same reaction under conditions of electrochemical promotion (EP) (I. V. Yentekakis et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 3759 (1997)). c ∞ 1998 Academic Press
RETRACTED: Impact Analysis of Meditation on Physiological Signals

RETRACTED Following a rigorous, carefully concerns and considered review of the article published in JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization to article entitled “Impact Analysis of Meditation on Physiological Signals” Vol 2, No 1, pp. 31-36, January 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30630/joiv.2. 1.98 This paper has been found to be in violation of the JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization Publication principles and has been retracted. The article contained redundant material, the editor investigated and found that the paper published in Ahani, A. , Wahbeh, H. , Miller, M. , Nezamfar, H. , Erdogmus, D. , & Oken, B. (2013). Change in physiological signals during mindfulness meditation. International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering : [proceedings]. International IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering , 1738–1381. https://doi.org/10.1109/NER.2013. 6696199 The document and its content has been removed from JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization, and reasonable effort should be made to remove all references to this article.
A Bayesian Approach to Characteristic Behavior in Path Integration

Anyone who has climbed a mountain before knows that the perceived distance walked depends on more than just its physical length. This intriguing relationship between physical and experienced magnitudes has fascinated researchers across various disciplines for more than 200 years. Part of the enthusiasm is driven by the fact that, although magnitudes, as well as the sensory organs with which we measure them, differ in so many ways, there are unifying principles in behavior common to all types of magnitudes estimated. In this thesis, the general characteristics of human magnitude estimation are studied in the case of visual path integration. The aim is to clarify the role of a-priori knowledge on the estimate of magnitude and to provide a unifying mathematical framework that explains the behavior. In particular, we investigated human linear and angular displacement estimation in different experimental situations with varying experience-dependent and abstract a-priori knowledge. We find systematic behavioral characteristics that are omnipresent in magnitude estimation studies, like the range effect, the regression effect or scalar variability. These characteristics are explained by a general model that combines a logarithmic scaling of magnitudes according to the Weber-Fechner law with the concept of Bayesian inference. The model incorporates apriori knowledge about the stimulus and updates this knowledge on a trial-by-trial basis. The resulting iterative Bayesian estimation accounts for the aforementioned behavioral characteristics and provides a link between the two most well-known laws in psychophysics: the Weber-Fechner and Stevens’ powerlaw. This work provides substantial evidence that magnitude estimation is not purely driven by sensation but underlies perceptual estimation processes that exploit and incorporate different types of information sources, in particular short-term prior experience. The proposed mathematical framework is likely applicable to magnitude estimation across different modalities and consequently contributes to a unifying account of the behavior.
Robust sliding control for mismatched uncertain fuzzy time-delay systems using linear matrix inequality approach

In this article, we propose a robust sliding control design method for uncertain time-delay systems that can be represented by Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy models. The uncertain fuzzy time-delay systems under consideration have mismatched parameter uncertainties in the state matrix and external disturbances. We derive existence conditions of linear sliding surfaces guaranteeing the asymptotic stability in terms of constrained linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). We present an LMI characterization of such sliding surfaces. Also, an LMI-based algorithm is given to design the switching feedback control term so that a stable sliding motion is induced in finite time. Finally, we give two numerical design examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Evolution of skewness and kurtosis of weakly nonlinear unidirectional waves over a sloping bottom

Abstract. We consider the effect of slowly varying depth on the values of skewness and kurtosis of weakly nonlinear irregular waves propagating from deeper to shallower water. It is known that the equilibrium value of kurtosis decreases with decreasing depth for waves propagating on constant depth. Waves propagating over a sloping bottom must continually adjust toward a new equilibrium state. We demonstrate that weakly nonlinear waves may need a considerable horizontal propagation distance in order to adjust to a new shallower environment, therefore the kurtosis can be notably different from the equilibrium value for each corresponding depth both on top of and beyond a bottom slope. A change of depth can provoke a wake-like spatially non-uniform distribution of kurtosis on the lee side of the slope. As an application, we anticipate that the probability of freak waves on or near the edge of the continental shelf may exhibit a rather complicated spatial structure for wave fields entering from deep sea.