Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical characterization of women with burning mouth syndrome in a case-control study

Abstract Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic orofacial pain disorder that is defined by a burning sensation in the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying factors, clinical characteristics and self-reported oral and general health factors associated with BMS. Material and methods: Fifty-six women with BMS (mean age: 67.7) and their age-matched controls were included in the study. A general questionnaire, an OHRQL index and BMS-specific questionnaires were used. Each subject underwent an oral examination. Results: The mean severity of the BMS symptoms (VAS, 0–100) was 66.2 (SD 19.7). Overall, 45% of the patients reported taste disturbances. More of the patients than the controls rated their general health, oral health and life situation as ‘less satisfactory’. The patients also reported more frequently on-going medications, diseases/disorders, xerostomia, allergy and skin diseases. Except for more bruxofacets among the patients, there were no significant differences regarding signs of parafunction. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, xerostomia and skin diseases showed the strongest prediction for BMS and no significant effect was found for medication, allergy or bruxofacets. Conclusions: Skin diseases and xerostomia but not parafunction were strongly associated with BMS. Our findings provide the basis for additional studies to elucidate the causal factors of BMS.
Correlation Between Intraocular Pressure and Body Mass Index in the Seated and Supine Positions

Purpose:Examine the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and body mass index (BMI) in the seated and supine positions. Patients and Methods:A prospective observational study was conducted in which the IOP was measured with a Tono-Pen (Reichert Inc., Depew, NY) in seated and supine positions in eligible participants with a wide range of BMI (18 to 70 kg/m2). The paired t test was used to compare seated to supine IOP. Stepwise regression analyses were used to investigate the correlation between IOP and BMI at these positions after adjusting for confounding variables of increased IOP, including age, race, mean arterial blood pressure, and central corneal thickness (&mgr;m). Results:The mean sitting IOP (16.3±2.9 mm Hg) was statistically lower than the mean supine IOP (17.7±3.1 mm Hg; P<0.0001). For each 10 unit increase in BMI, there was an increase of 0.55±0.23 mm Hg (P=0.0184) in IOP in the seated position and an increase of 0.49±0.24 mm Hg in IOP in the supine position (P=0.0409). BMI did not have a significant effect on the amount of increase in IOP observed in changing from the seated to supine position. Conclusions:Higher BMI is correlated with higher IOP in both the seated and supine positions. However, BMI has no significant effect on the amount of increase in IOP observed in changing from the seated to supine position.
Invasive Pneumococcal Infections Among Hospitalized Children in Bamako, Mali

Background: Prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children is a global public health priority, and determination of the most common serotypes is crucial for vaccine development and implementation. Methods: We performed prospective surveillance for IPD in hospitalized children in Bamako, Mali. All febrile children and others suspected to have invasive bacterial disease had an admission blood culture and cultures of additional anatomic sites when indicated. Standard microbiologic methods were used to identify, serotype and determine antibiograms for pneumococcal isolates. Results: Of 2049 children enrolled, 106 (5%) had an IPD, including 47 cases of meningitis and 44 bacteremic pneumonias. The incidence was highest in infants (84/100,000/year). The overall IPD case fatality rate was 24%. Only 2 of 96 isolates were nonsusceptible to penicillin. The serotypes isolated were 5 (54%), 2 (14%), 7F (10%), 19F (8%), 6A/B (3%), 9V (3%), 1 (2%) and 14 (1%). Conclusions: IPD is common and frequently fatal among hospitalized children in Mali, but surprisingly little resistance has occurred. Notably, 91% of the serotypes causing IPD in Bamako children are found in the 11-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Temporal Changes in Pneumococcal Colonization in a Rural African Community With High HIV Prevalence Following Routine Infant Pneumococcal Immunization

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) immunization of children decreases their risk of nasopharyngeal acquisition of vaccine serotypes. We studied the impact of routine infant PCV immunization alone on the epidemiology of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization among a rural African community with high prevalence of HIV positivity. Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys were undertaken in a rural South African community from May to October 2009 (period 1) and 2011 (period 2). Seven-valent PCV was introduced into the public immunization program for infants in April 2009, without catch-up campaign for older children. Randomly selected households with at least 1 child <2 years of age were recruited. Nasopharyngeal swabs from all consenting household members were obtained for Streptococcus pneumoniae culture and serotyping by Quellung method. Results: The median ages (SD) of children enrolled were 4.32 (SD, 3.4) and 3.80 (SD, 3.4) years in periods 1 and 2, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of vaccine serotype colonization declined from 18.3% (368/2010) in period 1 to 11.4% (418/3659) by period 2 (P < 0.0001). This included reductions (adjusted risk ratio) of 50% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.42–0.59], 34% (95% CI: 0.48–0.92) and 64% (95% CI: 0.18–0.74) in age groups <2 years, 6–12 years and adults. The prevalence of vaccine serotype colonization among primary caregivers decreased from 10.2% to 5.4% (P ⩽ 0.001) by period 2. The prevalence of nonvaccine serotype colonization increased by 35% (95% CI: 1.17–1.56) among <2-year-old children by period 2, while it declined by 45–54% among adolescents and adults. Conclusions: An indirect effect of PCV7 was realized in a high HIV prevalence setting within 2 years of PCV introduction. The unexpected decline in nonvaccine serotypes colonization among adolescents/adults may indicate lag in replacement colonization by nonvaccine serotypes in this group.
A UK national survey of the management of depression by geriatricians and old age psychiatrists

A national postal questionnaire on the management of depression in the elderly was completed by 89 geriatricians and 72 old age psychiatrists. Significant differences were noted in intended choice of antidepressant drugs (using case vignettes), knowledge of antidepressant drugs and knowledge of psychological treatments. Geriatricians were more likely to suggest dose ranges which were subtherapeutic and were not confident in prescribing newer antidepressants. Very few doctors had overtly negative attitudes towards ageing and depression. However, a need for more training was clearly identified, particularly for geriatricians and for older doctors of both groups. Doctors who were confident about their own abilities tended to also have a more positive approach to therapy and regarded depression as less difficult to treat. Older doctors, geriatricians and those who felt they needed more training in how to treat depression were more likely to use low doses or discontinue treatment too soon after recovery. The results suggest a need for training which focuses on these areas.
Stem cells and enhanced healing of chronic tympanic membrane perforation

Conclusions. Important information about the basic reparative process of tympanic membrane (TM) healing is shown, which can be incorporated for further clinical understanding. This provides a basis for the exploration of stem cell treatment for TM perforations and holds promise for future improvements. Objectives. This study aimed to analyse the healing of TM perforation by using stem cells and the stiffness of the membrane was tested in an acute and long-term study. Materials and methods. Sprague-Dawley rats were used in a model of TM perforation. The perforation was performed with a laser system. Stem cells were applied and the healing time and morphological analysis were performed with light and transmission electron microscope. Stiffness was examined by moiré interferometry. Results. The stiffness of the perforated and healed TM was restored after just 2 weeks. In the chronic perforation model, mesenchymal stem cells enhanced the healing.
External vs endoscopic approach for inverted papilloma of the sino-nasal cavities: a retrospective study of 136 cases

Conclusion. Endoscopic removal, with or without external technique, can be performed in a majority of inverted papilloma cases. This method has subsequent recurrence rates that are comparable to those of more aggressive external techniques and it is more cost efficient with less morbidity. Objectives. To analyze the clinical outcomes of our 21-year experience (1986–2006) in treating inverted papillomas using different treatment modalities. Patients and methods. The patients were divided into a conventional surgery group (CSG) and an endoscopic surgery group (ESG) and were staged according to the system developed by Krouse. A retrospective assessment was performed. Results. The recurrence rates were 4.3% in ESG and 9.5% in CSG. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rates according to the treatment modality used and the Krouse stage in the two groups. Mean operation time was 72.93±18.51 min in the ESG and 112.02±56.52 min in the CSG. Mean period of hospital stay was 4.66±1.75 days in the ESG and 9.54±4.79 days in the CSG. The complication rate was 3.2% in the ESG and 33.3% in the CSG. There was a significant difference in the operation time, length of hospital stay, and complication rate in the two groups.
Perfil de sensibilidade e fatores de risco associados à resistência do Mycobacterium tuberculosis, em centro de referência de doenças infecto-contagiosas de Minas Gerais

OBJECTIVE: To assess the determining factors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis multidrug resistance at a referral center for infectious diseases in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted using data collected from September of 2000 to January of 2004. During this period, 473 cultures presenting growth of M. tuberculosis, corresponding to 313 patients, were submitted to susceptibility tests at the Central Laboratory of Minas Gerais. Cases presenting resistance to at least rifampin and isoniazid were classified as cases of multidrug resistance and were selected for study. These cases were paired to control group cases of drug-susceptible tuberculosis at a ratio of 1:3. Clinical and demographic data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: During the study period, 12 (3.83%) cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis were identified. In the univariate analysis, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was found to be more common among male patients, as well as among those testing positive in the sputum smear microscopy, those with cavitations larger than 4 cm in diameter and those having been previously treated for tuberculosis (p = 0.10 for all). After the multivariate analysis, only previous treatment for tuberculosis remained statistically significant (p = 0.0374), with an odds ratio of 14.36 (1.96-176.46). CONCLUSION: In the present study, previous treatment for tuberculosis was found to be an independent risk factor for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
3D stereophotogrammetry for the assessment of tracheostoma anatomy

Conclusion. 3D stereophotogrammetry is a useful tool for quantitative assessment of tracheostoma anatomy, and thus in future could possibly play a role in solving current problems with peristomal and intratracheal fixation of stoma appliances. Objectives. Differences in tracheostoma anatomy between laryngectomized patients are held partly responsible for the differences in duration of attachment of standard peristomal adhesives for heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) and automatic stoma valves (ASVs). Accurate information on a set of basic stoma anatomy parameters should be helpful to overcome fixation problems in individual patients and in the general laryngectomy population. Patients and methods. This was an exploratory observational pilot study in 20 laryngectomized patients. Three-dimensional (3D) images of the tracheostoma and surrounding tissue were captured with a 3D digital camera, which applies the advanced principles of stereophotogrammetry. Data were analysed by using a 3D editing program. The following tracheostoma parameters were measured for each patient: horizontal and vertical diameters, circumference, depth and surface. Results. Inter-observer outcomes show a mean stoma circumference of 58.2 mm (SD 11.6 mm). The mean surface was calculated at 186.6 mm2 (SD 61 mm2). The mean size of the stoma's horizontal diameter and vertical diameter was 14.7 mm (SD 2.9 mm) and 19.0 mm (SD 3.4 mm), respectively. The mean depth of the stoma in relation to the right sternal head of the m. sternocleidomastoideus was 15.5 mm (SD 5.4 mm) and in relation to the left it was 16 mm (SD 5.6 mm).
Coroidoretinopatia central serosa

O autor descreve os achados clinicos e novos metodos diagnosticos da coroidoretinopatia central serosa. Discute os estudos experimentais e clinicos relacionados a patogenese da doenca e apresenta as alternativas de tratamento e prognostico da coroidoretinopatia central serosa, baseado em levantamento bibliografico.
Quality of life in head and neck cancer patients after surgical resection: translation into Cantonese and validation of the EORTC QLQ-H&N35

Conclusion. High convergent and discriminant validity between subscales was achieved after the translation of EORTC QLQ-H&N35 into Cantonese. Most subscales were assessing distinct components of quality of life (QoL). Objectives. The study aimed to translate the EORTC QLQ-H&N35 cancer module into Cantonese and to confirm validity and reliability for use in a Hong Kong head and neck (H&N) cancer population. Subjects and methods. An ethnocentric forward-backward translation of EORTC QLQ-H&N35 was conducted by bilingual head and neck health professionals. Discrepancies were identified and problematic wording and concepts revised. Further review preceded pilot testing in 119 postoperative H&N cancer patients. Internal consistency within each subscale, convergent and discriminant validity to check the item relevance and item representativeness within and between subscales were examined. Mean and standard deviations of each subscale and single item and Cronbach's α coefficients for subscales were calculated. Results. Six of seven subscales achieved standard reliability (Cronbach's α coefficient >0.7). Correlation coefficients between an item and its own subscale were significantly higher than the coefficients with other subscales. Scaling success was found in all subscales. Pearson's correlation coefficient between subscales was <0.70, except between the subscales swallowing and trouble with social eating (r = 0.795), and speech problems and social contact (r = 0.754).
Acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children in an elderly man: report of a case and review of the literature

Acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children (APACHE) is clinically characterized by angiomatous papules that preferentially affect acral areas of children. It is currently believed to be a variant of pseudolymphoma rather than angiokeratoma. Histopathologically, a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate comprising B‐ and T‐lymphocytes and a proliferation of thick‐walled blood vessels are the hallmark. In the literature, although more adult cases are being described, the clinical, epidemiologic and histopathologic data of this presentation is scant. We report a 76‐year‐old man who presented with a 5‐year history of progressively increasing asymptomatic dusky dome‐shaped papules and plaques on his upper and lower extremities. Histology was consistent with APACHE. After reviewing all the adult cases in the literature and comparing them to the classical variant in children, we found no significant difference warranting separating these two variants. We prefer the designation “papular angiolymphoid hyperplasia” to APACHE as it encompasses all the childhood and adult cases involving acral and nonacral sites and highlights the histological and sometimes clinical similarities this entity shares with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia.
Histologic changes of mesenchymal stem cell repair of tympanic membrane perforation

Abstract Conclusion: Mesenchymal stem-cells are good candidates for cell-therapy of chronic tympanic membranes perforations. Objectives: To determine the effects of cell-based therapy in tympanic membrane perforations. Methods: Young C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with intraperitoneal administration of ketamine and xylazine and randomly divided into three groups (n = 4 ears/group) that underwent bilateral sub-total pars tensa perforations of equal sizes using a sterile 27-gauge needle under a surgical microscope. Six-to-eight hours after injury, one group of mice did not receive treatment (acute perforation control), and the last two groups were treated with BM-MSCs embedded within HA scaffolds previously soaked in PBS to rinse culture media residues to avoid confounders and were euthanized 1 or 2 weeks after treatment. Results: Untreated tympanic membrane perforations developed a hyper-cellular infiltrate surrounding the injury site, while BM-MSC treated eardrums showed a reduced inflammatory response after the first week and a restoration of the trilaminar configuration 2 weeks after treatment, mimicking a normal tympanic membrane.
Fatigue analysis of tympanic membrane after ossiculoplasty

Abstract Conclusion: A tentative conclusion was made that the finite element method can be used to investigate the fatigue life of the tympanic membrane after ossiculoplasty; the main reason of the extrusion of the tympanic membrane may not be blamed to the fatigue mechanism under normal sound pressure. Objective: This study was to investigate the extrusion of the prosthesis from the tympanic membrane at post-ossiculoplasty by finite element method. Methods: A finite element model of the human middle ear has been constructed and used as the model of the constructed middle ear at post-ossiculoplasty. Then the fatigue life of the tympanic membrane was calculated under different sound pressure level using this model. Results: The tympanic membrane would not be extruded under normal sound pressure level. The sound pressure level which caused the tympanic membrane to crack in less than 3 years was higher than 145.17 dB (362.5 Pa).
Oral manifestations of a patient with cri du chat (5p-) syndrome

Cri du chat syndrome (CdCs) is a rare genetic disorder caused by deletion of the end of the short arm of chromosome 5. Affected infants are characterized by a high-pitched monochromatic cry that sounds similar to that of a meowing kitten. The incidence ranges from 1:15,000 to 1:50,000 live-born infants. Oral features of this condition include micrognathia, malocclusions, high but rarely cleft palate, anterior open bite, poor oral hygiene, enamel hypoplasia, chronic periodontitis, and retardation of tooth eruption. This case report presents typical medical and dental symptoms and dental rehabilitation of a 2.5-year-old female with CdCs. The patient was referred to our clinic because of caries arising from poor oral hygiene. The dental symptoms of the patient included hyperemic gingival tissue, abundant plaque, enamel hypoplasia, and tooth decay. Restorative treatment of the caries was completed and oral hygiene recommendations and caries risk factors were presented to the parents.
Sealing of the round and oval window niches with triamcinolone-soaked fascia as salvage surgical therapy in sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Abstract Conclusions: Triamcinolone-soaked fascia seems to show better hearing improvement when added to tympanotomy for sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), compared to fascia round window occlusion without triamcinolone. Objectives: To analyse if adding triamcinolone to sealing the round and oval window niches with fascia results in improved audiological outcome for acute SNHL. Methods: Fifty-three patients (27m:43 ± 12 years, 26f:45 ± 14 years) with acute SSHL ≥50dB over 3 frequencies, who failed primary therapy, underwent transcanal tympanotomy. Twenty-five patients (Group A;cortisone:14m, 11f:46 ± 9 years) received sealing of the round and oval window with fascia soaked in triamcinolone (1ml; 40mg/ml) and 28 controls (Group B;no-cortisone:13m, 15f, 42 ± 12 years) without triamcinolone. Frequency specific and pure tone average (PTA =500–1000–2000–3000Hz) results were compared between Group A and B pre- and postoperatively. Results: In Group A the PTA improved by ≥10dB in 21/25(83%) cases; in Group B 18/28(63%). Group A showed a statistically significantly better improvement across all frequencies, while linear regression revealed a significant decrease of posttherapeutic PTA to 94.96% of the initial PTA (p = .037). The overall PTA improved by 24dB. Group A improved from 73dB to 41dB(-32dB) PTA, Group B improved from 76dB to 56dB PTA (-20dB) (p < .05). Group A showed a significant additional decrease of 12.8dB (p < .001).
BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGES

To the Editor: —In their recent article inThe Journal(Dec. 18, 1926, p. 2053), Roddis and Cooper demonstrated that in tropical climates there is an habitually lower average blood pressure. Simultaneously they emphasize the importance of a modified routine of life, with far more rest than is usually the habit in temperate climates. However, mention is not made of the possible and even probable significance of this factor of rest and relaxation in lowering the arterial tension. Such rest has been and is the chief factor in logical therapeusis of hypertension, and may well be the major factor causing the lower pressures as observed, the climatic conditions being purely secondary. This is particularly significant in view of their fifth conclusion; namely, that "the change is not a rapid one and represents a lower vasomotor tone and general slowing of physiologic activity. " It would be desirable to have the opinion
On the Magnetogravitational Instability of a Ferromagnetic Dust Cloud in the Presence of Nonuniform Rotation

The effect of a nonuniform magnetic field on the gravitational instability of a nonuniformly rotating infinitely extending axisymmetric cylinder in a homogenous ferromagnetic medium has been studied. The propagation of the wave is allowed along radial direction. A general dispersion relation, using the normal mode analysis method on the perturbation equations of the problem, is obtained. It is found that Bel and Schatzman criterion determines the gravitational instability of this general problem. Thus, it appears that the effect of non-uniform magnetic field on the gravitational instability as discussed by (Dhiman and Dadwal, 2010) is marginalized by the magnetic polarizability of ferrofluid.