Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chondro-Osseous Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma (COREAH): Case Report and Literature Review

Chondro-osseous respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (COREAH) is an extremely rare lesion of the nasal cavity with only 11 reported cases in the literature. COREAH is of interest as it may be easily mistaken for other diseases of the nasal cavity with higher morbidity, which require significantly different management strategies. We report, to the best of our knowledge, the oldest documented case of COREAH in the literature: an 83-year-old female who presented with headaches and was found to have a posterior nasal septal lesion. Uniquely, the patient had sequential scans performed 1 year apart demonstrating only minor interval growth. We describe our experience in managing a patient with COREAH and review the world literature, to better define aspects of the history, presentation, and investigations that may allow differentiation from more sinister disease.
A Phase I, Randomized, Single-Dose Study Evaluating the Biosimilarity of TAB008 to Bevacizumab in Healthy Volunteers

Objective: This study compared the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and immunogenicity of the biosimilar TAB008 monoclonal antibody to bevacizumab (Avastin®) in normal healthy Chinese male volunteers. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled study, a total of 100 healthy Chinese male subjects were randomized (1:1) to receive a single 1 mg/kg intravenous dose of TAB008 or Avastin® over a 90-min infusion. The subjects were followed for 99 days after drug administration. Primary endpoints were bioequivalence of major pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC0-t and AUC0-∞) and maximum observed serum concentration (Cmax). Secondary endpoints included safety and immunogenicity parameters. Results: The two groups of test subjects (49 subjects in the TAB008 group and 50 subjects in the Avastin® group) were well matched in regards to all demographic and baseline characteristics. The treatment group ratios of LS geometric means for the three primary PK parameters were fully contained within the bioequivalence limits of 80.00–125.00% (90% CI was 103.66–118.33% for Cmax, 94.32–111.72% for AUC0-t, and 94.69–112.23% for AUC0-∞). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported for 24 (49.0%) subjects in the TAB008 group and 22 (44.0%) subjects in the Avastin® group. TEAEs related to the study drug were reported for 19 (38.8%) subjects in the TAB008 group and 19 (38.0%) subjects in the Avastin® group. National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) Grade 3 TEAEs were reported for 1 (2.0%) subject in the TAB008 group and 3 (6.0%) subjects in the Avastin® group. There were no Grade 4 or 5 TEAEs or serious adverse events (SAEs) during the study. Anti-drug antibody generation was reported once only in each group, and neutralizing antibody (Nab) analysis was negative upon follow-up. Conclusion: TAB008 attained pharmacokinetic similarity to bevacizumab, and was safe and well tolerated.
The study of hyponatremia in the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke

Background: Stroke is defined as an abrupt onset of a neurologic deficit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. Acute ischemic stroke is the fourth leading cause of death and most common cause of long-term disability worldwide. Hyponatremia is the commonest electrolyte disturbance encountered in the neurological intensive care units. This study investigated to evaluate hyponatremia in acute ischemic stroke patients as a reliable prognostic marker on admission to ICU.Methods: A total of 150 patients admitted to M S Ramaiah Hospitals during the period of October 2014 to September 2016 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were considered in the study. All patients were evaluated by neurologist/ physician and the diagnosis of Acute ischemic stroke was made by Clinical examination and confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT) and/ Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain. Hyponatremia was defined as serum sodium level <135 mmol/L and recorded on admission. Outcome was assessed by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, day 5 and at discharge, duration of ICU stay, duration of hospital stay and in-patient mortality.Results: Among the 150 patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke, mean age was 60 years, 68% were males and 36% patients had hyponatremia. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups except for gender distribution (p=0.037). Hyponatremic patients had higher NIHSS score on admission, on day 5 and at discharge (p=<0.001). Hyponatremic patients had a longer duration of ICU stay (p=<0.001) and in hospital stay (p=<0.001). Hyponatremia was associated with higher mortality in hospital (p=0.026). Conclusions: Study demonstrates that hyponatremia at admission in acute ischemic stroke patients is associated with acute mortality, worse NIHSS score at admission and at discharge, and longer duration of ICU and hospital stay.
Genicular nerve ablation: a systematic review of procedure outcomes for chronic knee pain

Background: Chronic pain caused by knee osteoarthritis is becoming more common among the elderly. Furthermore, patients who would otherwise benefit from total joint arthroplasty are not candidates for surgery due to increasingly high rates of obesity and diabetes. Genicular nerve ablation has become an attractive alternative to arthroplasty in these patients. This systematic review sought to assess the effectiveness and safety of genicular nerve ablation. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Medline, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar was conducted for studies performing genicular nerve ablation with radiofrequency. Clinical and patient-centric outcomes were obtained. Results: Eleven studies and 194 knees were included in this analysis. Our review revealed that visual analog pain scores decreased from an average score of 8/10 to 1.9/10, 2.3/10, 2/10, and 4/10 at 3, 6, and 12 mo after genicular ablation, respectively. Additionally, Oxford Knee Scores and scores on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index showed improvements that were sustained at least up to 12 wk and 1 yr, respectively. There were very few procedural complications. Conclusions: Genicular nerve ablation with radiofrequency has demonstrated favorable outcomes with low complication rates.
Clinicopathological analysis of ovarian tumors: a two year retrospective study

Background: Ovarian tumours are a heterogeneous neoplasm with a varied clinical, morphological and histological feature. Increasing mortality rate due to ovarian cancers has been reported in recent years. Ovarian tumours in post-menopausal females have high risk of malignancy and it has a very poor outcome. The aim and objective of this study was to determine clinical and histopathological spectrum and the frequency and age distribution of various ovarian tumors.Methods: It is a retrospective observational study of patients with ovarian tumors in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, SGRRI of Medical Health & Sciences and Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 in a total number of 86 patients. All specimens were sent to pathology department and categorised according to WHO hispathological classification.Results: Out of 86 cases examined, 64 cases were benign (74.4%), 3 cases were borderline (3.4%) and 19 cases were malignant (22.2%). Majority of the ovarian tumors (73.4%) were seen in the age group of 20 to 50 years. Most commonly encountered benign ovarian tumour was serous cystadenoma (58.1%). Surface epithelial tumors were the commonest tumors (64%) followed by germ cell tumors (29%). Conclusions: A variety of benign and malignant tumours of ovary were reported in this study. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ovarian neoplasms favour the good prognosis. Most common benign tumour encountered in this study was serous cystadenoma.
A preliminary analysis of biomechanics and saccadic responses for concussion

Background Concussion is an injury that occurs in non-sporting and sporting environments. To determine improved clinical methods for identifying this injury, it is important to develop and understand how the impact event results in quantifiable differences in brain functioning—functioning that has been quantified in the past using saccadic measures. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships between oculomotor deficits, specifically antisaccade responses, and the biomechanics of impact for a concussion. Methods Participants underwent a diffusion tensor imaging protocol as well as saccadic testing to determine differences in brain functioning in comparison to controls. The injury event was then reconstructed in laboratory using physical and finite element models to determine the biomechanics of the impact and brain tissue strain. Relationships between the biomechanical variables and antisaccade responses were then examined. Results The diffusion tensor imaging analyses found that there was a decrease in radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity found in the cerebral peduncle (p < 0.05) and cingulum hippocampus (p < 0.05), respectively. There was an increase in the axial diffusivity for the corona radiata (p < 0.05). The saccadic testing found an increase in mean latency for the concussed group (p < 0.05). The results indicated no significant relationship between mean latency, duration, amplitude and peak velocity antisaccade measures and the biomechanical variables. This may have been influenced not only by a lack of sensitivity in biomechanical variable to antisaccade responses, but also to these responses being affected by factors other than injury such as attentiveness and wakefulness. Conclusion While the sample of this research was small, this research suggests that to improve the understanding of the relationship between impact biomechanics and concussion, methods that can quantify the damage to brain structures through imaging, such as diffusion tensor imaging, may be more appropriate.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cases in South Korea

Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) sometimes consider complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) because of ineffective treatment. This study investigated the prevalence and utilization pattern of CAM among patients with ALS in South Korea. Participants were recruited through homecare services for mechanical ventilation in South Korea. This study comprised a face-to-face cross-sectional survey with staff members available to address any queries. Fifty-five participants were included; all had used >1 CAM treatment option for ALS symptoms. Dietary treatments were most common, followed by functional food and massages. Most participants had obtained relevant information from family members or friends. The main reason for CAM use was an expectation that symptoms will improve with CAM; most patients were unsure of the effects. CAM use was previously discontinued by the majority of patients because of unsatisfactory effects. The mean expenditure on CAM was 288,385.28 ± 685,265.14 won per month, and the mean duration of CAM use was 11.54 ± 20.09 months. The results indicate that there is a high prevalence of CAM use among ALS patients. Healthcare providers should inquire about CAM use and openly provide accurate CAM information. Further evidence of CAM efficacy is required, as is specific guidance for consulting ALS patients regarding CAM.
Comparative Study between Loop Saphenous Vein and Prosthetic Thigh Vascular Access Graft for Haemodialysis

Background: renal disease is an international problem with a high mortality and morbidity especially in the lowincome countries. Haemodialysis can help patients, but with multiple complications and challenges associated with the procedure. One of these challenges is exhausted veins in the upper limb. Aim of the work: this study aimed to compare using of great saphenous vein bridge fistula versus prosthetic vascular graft, for creating bridge between superficial femoral artery and vein, for the purpose of regular haemodialysis. Patients and Methods: 40 chronic renal failure patients were included. Patients were subjected to full history, clinical examination, investigations and Doppler/duplex scanning for both arterial and venous systems. Follow up was done immediately at the first postoperative day then at one week, 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and after one year as regards patency, functioning of the graft as well as complications. Results: early death within 30 days of surgery did not occur. Thrombosis was more frequent in PTFE AV graft loop group while all insufficient graft flow (< 200 mL/minute) cases were in SVI group. The numbers of puncture site complications were similar; however, bleeding was more frequent in PTFE group (p = 0.011). None of the patients showed clinical signs or symptoms of graft infection Conclusions: autogenous arteriovenous fistula reveals better primary patency rate than that of prosthetic arteriovenous graft with statistically significant results (p = 0.04). Autogenous arteriovenous fistula showed statistically better secondary patency rate (p = 0.001).
The Prognostic Value of the MiR-200 Family in Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis with 1882 Patients

Background: MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs containing 18-22 nucleotides which play a role in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of their target genes. The MiR-200 family comprises miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c and miR-429. Increasing evidence indicates that miR-200 microRNAs play a role in cancer metastasis. For example, miR-200 microRNAs were reported to influence the prognosis in colorectal cancer patients by regulating the expression of genes related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition6. Previous studies have shown that the high expression of miR-200 microRNAs has an impact on the overall survival and Relapse-free Survival of CRC patients. However, the study results were inconsistent. Results: Data from a total of 1882 patients from 9 studies was included in the meta-analysis. Poorer Relapse-free Survival (RFS) was observed in patients with high expression levels of miR-200 microRNAs (HR=1.13, 95% CI 1.04-1.23). Additionally, subgroup analysis of sample types revealed a significant association between higher expression of the miR-200 family in the plasma and poorer OS (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.08-1.41) and RFS (HR=2.39, 95% CI 1.20-4.77), which indicates that the miR-200 family can be used as an easily detectable biomarker for evaluation of the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Conclusions: High expression levels of miR-200 microRNAs were associated with poor clinical outcomes in colorectal cancer patients. The miR-200 family can therefore potentially serve as a prognostic biomarker. Further studies should be performed to verify the clinical utility of the miR-200 family in colorectal cancer.
Assessment of subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with healthy controls with respect to subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: A total of 44 patients with AS with no history of CVD, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and lipid-lowering drug use were compared with 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls with respect to carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), which are surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. Correlation analysis was also performed to examine the association between surrogate markers and disease activity with inflammation [Ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score with C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP)]. Results: In addition to age and sex, both groups were comparable with respect to cigarette smoking, body mass index, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.425, p=0.325, and p=0.103, respectively). The level of total cholesterol was significantly lower in patients with AS (p=0.002). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor use ratios in patients with AS were 79.5% and 65.9%, respectively. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding PWV and CIMT (p=0.788 and p=0.253, respectively). In patients with AS, there was a significant correlation between ASDAS-CRP and CIMT (r=0.315, p=0.038), but the correlation between ASDAS-CRP and PWV was not significant (r=−0.183, p=0.234). Conclusion: The results of the present study could not provide sufficient evidence whether disease activity with inflammation caused subclinical atherosclerotic CVD in patients with AS without overt CVD. The increased atherosclerotic CVD risk is most probably multifactorial in patients with AS, but the extent of the contribution of disease activity with inflammation to increased atherosclerosis is controversial.
Evaluation of inhibin-B hormone, FSH, and Testosterone in serum of infertile men

Background: Serum levels of inhibinB hormone , FH and testosterone hormone in serum of infertile men and compare the results with the fertile men (cotrols). Thirty patients (infertile men) healthy 14 controls included in this study.mean serum inhibinB ,testosterone and FH level of oligospermia and azoospermia groups were significantly differences than these both control group.Objective: The study was planned to evaluate serum levels of inhibinB hormone , FSH and testosterone hormone in infertile men and compare the results with these fertile men (Controls). Materials & Methods: Thirty patients (infertile men) and 14 healthy controls (fertile men) included in this study, Age range (24 to 45 years). The patients (30) were divided into two groups, oligoospermia and azoospermia.Results: Mean serum inhibinB , testosterone and FSH levels of oligospermia and azoospermia groups were significantly differences than these both control group, while the difference between mean of serum inhibin B ,testosterone and FSH of oligospermia and oligospermia group , was not significant except the FSH (P.value=0.039). Conclusion: The decrease in serum inhibinB and testosterone levels not the increase in the level of FSH hormone in infertile men provide evidence that levels can be used as reliable markers in the diagnostic criteria of male infertility .
Gentamicin is the best antibiotic in treatment all types of bovine mastitis caused by bacteria

In this study milk samples collected from fifity cows were examined clinically by visually and by use of pH paper to check availabilty of mastitis, types, caustive agent and effective specific antibiotic for treatment. The results of visual and pH paper check reveald positive samples which changed in colour from yellow to green or bluish green indicating mastitis avaialbility in milk samples. Three types of mastitis were found namely Acute (27%), chronic (22%) and gangrenous (1%). Milk samples were sent to microbiology laboratory to detect the causative agent and made a senstivity test for choice the specific antibiotic for treatment. The results indicated four isolated bacteria as caustive agent which were Staphylococcus spp (24%), Bacillus spp (74%), Corynebacterium spp (1%) and Klebsiella spp (1%). From the three types of antibiotics used in treatment of mastitic cases (Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin) Gentamicin by injected the quarter with intrammary was the best antibiotic in treatment of mastitis cases completely within 1-3 day after application compaired to Gentamicin only with any agonist. Further study with intesive sampling is needed to complete the picture for safe and sustainable milk production and industry. Keywords: Chloramphenicol , Ciprofloxacin , Gentamicin , treatment , bacterial , bovine , mastitis.
Evaluation of oral health-related quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of oral problems on the quality of life of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 302 individuals with DM2 who answered the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire as well as a questionnaire addressing socioeconomic and oral health characteristics. After filling out the questionnaires, the participants were submitted to a clinical dental examination Periodontal diseases, dental caries and edentulism. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was 47%. In the multivariate analysis, the variables that remained significantly associated with a negative impact on quality of life were xerostomia (OR= 2.15; 95% CI: 1.07-4.30), denture need (OR= 3.71; 95% CI: 1.17-11.73) and periodontitis (OR= 5.02; 95% CI: 2.19-11.52). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of impact on OHRQoL was high in the sample studied. Xerostomia, denture need and periodontitis posed a risk of negative impact on the quality of life of individuals with DM2, independently of socioeconomic status.
Protective Efficacy of Some Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Vaccination Programs Against Velogenic NDV Genotype VII in Broiler Chickens

The protective efficacy of live and inactivated NDV- genotype II vaccines against challenge with velogenic Newcastle disease virus (VNDV) genotype VII (Chicken/USC/Egypt/2014), was evaluated in vaccinated groups (G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5) with inactivated vaccine on day 7 and live vaccine (LaSota) on days 7 and 15, in addition, with live V4 strain either on day 1 (G1) or on day 25 (G2) or in both days 1 and 25 (G3) and challenged on day 32 of age. The protection percentages were 96%, 96%, 96% and 88% in G1, G2, G3 & G4, respectively, vs 4% in non-vaccinated challenged chickens (G5). Moreover, the tracheal and cloacal viral shedding were 30% & 100% ; 0% & 0% ; 0% & 30%; 0% & 30% in vaccinated challenged G1, G2, G3 & G4, respectively, vs 100% & 60% in non-vaccinated challenged G5 at 3 DPC, whereas, the tracheal and cloacal viral shedding were 0% & 30% ; 0% & 0% ; 0% & 0% ; 30% & 60% in vaccinated challenged G1, G2, G3 & G4, respectively, vs 100% & 100% non-vaccinated challenged G5 at 7 dpc. However, the clinical signs, gross lesions and serological response were monitored till 14 dpc. Our results revealed that the inclusion of V4 vaccine strain in vaccination program is providing superior protection against NDV genotype VII and good safely replace live (LaSota) in early and late vaccination practices.
Occurrence and damage of Heilipus rufipes Perty (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae in avocado trees (Persea americana Mill.) in the State of Ceará, Brazil.

In the beginning of 2001, a high infestation of Heilipus rufipes Perty larvae boring avocado trees at ground level was observed in a commercial orchard in Sao Benedito, State of Ceara, Brazil. The damage observed was the presence of tunnels at the trunk basal part as well on the lower branches and superficial roots. Several attacked trees showed the most superficial roots with extensive barkless areas. In about 30% of the trees, the symptoms evolved to branch drought and death of the plant. More than 90% of the trees examined presented five to twelve adult insects, sometimes hidden under the bark. That is the first time of detection of immature stages of H. rufipes causing damage to avocado trees; even in other plant species, there is no report of such incidence. This report makes the Heilipus genus more important as pest of fruit plants, mainly avocado.