Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zk-Magic labeling of subdivision graphs

For any nontrivial abelian group A under addition a graph G is said to be A-magic if there exists a labeling f : E(G) → A −{0} such that the vertex labeling f+ defined as f+(v) =∑f(uv) taken over all edges uv incident at v is a constant. An A-magic graph G is said to be Zk-magic graph if the group A is Zk the group of integers modulo k. These Zk-magic graphs are referred to as k-magic graphs. In this paper, we prove that the graphs such as subdivision of ladder, triangular ladder, shadow, total, flower, generalized prism, mΔn-snake, lotus inside a circle, square, gear, closed helm and antiprism are Zk-magic graphs. Also we prove that if Gi(1 ≤ i ≤ t) be Zk-magic graphs with magic constant zero then Gt is also Zk-magic.
Dipyrone for acute primary headaches.

BACKGROUND Dipyrone is used to treat headaches in many countries, but is not available in others (particularly the USA and UK) because of its association with potentially life-threatening blood dyscrasias such as agranulocytosis. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness and safety of dipyrone for acute primary headaches in adults and children. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Pain, Palliative & Supportive Care Group's Trials Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; MEDLINE; EMBASE; LILACS, and the reference lists of included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Double-blind randomised controlled trials of dipyrone for the symptomatic relief of acute primary headaches in adults and children. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors independently screened articles, extracted data, assessed trial quality and analysed results. Relative risks (RRs), risk differences (RDs), weighted mean differences (WMDs), and numbers-needed-to-treat (NNTs) were calculated as appropriate. MAIN RESULTS Four trials involving a total of 636 adult subjects were included. Methodological quality was generally high. One study each evaluated oral and intravenous dipyrone for episodic tension-type headache (ETTH); two trials evaluated intravenous dipyrone for migraine, but only one of these described pain outcomes. No pediatric trials were identified. The largest trial (n = 356) evaluated two doses (0.5 g, 1 g) of oral dipyrone for ETTH, which were significantly better than placebo for pain relief. The 1 g dose was also significantly better than acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 1 g . A smaller trial (n = 60) evaluated intravenous dipyrone 1 g versus placebo for ETTH. RRs were statistically significant favouring dipyrone for pain-free and headache improvement outcomes. Finally, one trial (n = 134) evaluated intravenous dipyrone 1 g versus placebo for pain outcomes in patients with migraine. RRs were again statistically significant favouring dipyrone for pain-free and headache improvement outcomes. Two of the four trials assessed adverse events. No serious adverse events were reported, and no significant differences in adverse events were detected between dipyrone and comparators (placebo and ASA). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Evidence from a small number of trials suggests that dipyrone is effective for ETTH and migraine. No serious adverse events were observed in the included trials, but agranulocytosis is rare and would probably not be observed in such a relatively small sample. A study now ongoing in Latin America may clarify the true risk of agranulocytosis associated with dipyrone use.
Prevalence of additional canals in maxillary first molars in a Nigerian population.

AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of additional canals in maxillary first molars in a selected population in Nigeria. METHODS AND MATERIALS One hundred extracted teeth were collected from the Pedodontic and Oral Surgery clinics of the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. The teeth were identified and their root planed to remove adherent soft tissues. Each tooth was sectioned at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and then again at 2 mm below the CEJ. The number of canals present in each root was noted. For the clinical aspect of the study, 30 patients with clinical and radiological evidence of pulpal involvement participated in the study. These patients had root canal therapy performed on their maxillary first molars and the number of canals was confirmed with periapical radiographs. RESULTS In the laboratory phase of the study 77% of the teeth sectioned had three canals while 22% had four canals with the fourth canal being a second mesiobuccal canal. Only one tooth had five canals with two canals in the palatal root, two canals in the mesiobuccal root, and the remaining canal in the distobuccal root. For the clinical phase of the study, 29 (96.7%) out of 30 patients treated had three canals while only one (3.3%) had four canals with the fourth canal being a second mesiobuccal canal. CONCLUSION Clinicians should assume there are additional canals in each root when performing endodontic therapy on the maxillary first molar. Only after a thorough search for extra canals and after it is determined further preparation would be fruitless or could cause perforation should the clinician proceed with treating only one canal per root. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE If root canal therapy fails, it may be due to the existence of an extra canal that was not located and treated in the first place. This should be considered carefully during re-treatment either by surgical or non-surgical methods.
Epigenome profiling and editing of neocortical progenitor cells during development

The generation of neocortical neurons from neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is primarily controlled by transcription factors binding to DNA in the context of chromatin. To understand the complex layer of regulation that orchestrates different NPC types from the same DNA sequence, epigenome maps with cell type resolution are required. Here, we present genomewide histone methylation maps for distinct neural cell populations in the developing mouse neocortex. Using different chromatin features, we identify potential novel regulators of cortical NPCs. Moreover, we identify extensive H3K27me3 changes between NPC subtypes coinciding with major developmental and cell biological transitions. Interestingly, we detect dynamic H3K27me3 changes on promoters of several crucial transcription factors, including the basal progenitor regulator Eomes. We use catalytically inactive Cas9 fused with the histone methyltransferase Ezh2 to edit H3K27me3 at the Eomes locus in vivo, which results in reduced Tbr2 expression and lower basal progenitor abundance, underscoring the relevance of dynamic H3K27me3 changes during neocortex development. Taken together, we provide a rich resource of neocortical histone methylation data and outline an approach to investigate its contribution to the regulation of selected genes during neocortical development.
Ovarian Carcinoma: Recent Developments in Classification of Tumour Histological Subtype

Histological types of ovarian carcinomas are distinct entities with different molecular and immunohistochemical profiles and clinical outcomes. The implementation of subtype-specific therapies for subtypes of ovarian cancer requires reproducible histological diagnoses. More than 95% of ovarian carcinomas can be reproducibly diagnosed as one of five histological types, in descending order of frequency: high-grade serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, and low-grade serous carcinoma. There are occasional cases of mixed histological type, and rare cases defy classification (adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified [NOS], or unclassifiable). Although immunohistochemical markers are a useful adjunct for the assignment of histological type, by using the modified definitions presented in this review, the majority of ovarian carcinomas can be reliably assigned to a category without recourse to immunohistochemistry.
The Link between R&D, Innovation and Productivity: Are Micro Firms Different?

We analyze the link between RD usually constituting the majority of firms in industrialized economies. Using the German KfW SME panel, we examine to what extent micro firms are different from other firms in terms of innovativeness. We find that while firms engage in innovative activities with smaller probability, the smaller they are, for those firms that do make such investment, R&D intensity is larger the smaller firms are. For all MSMEs, the predicted R&D intensity is positively correlated with the probability of reporting innovation, with a larger effect size for product than for process innovations. Moreover, micro firms benefit in a comparable way from innovation processes as larger firms, as they are similarly able to increase their labor productivity. Overall, the link between R&D, innovation, and productivity in micro firms does not largely differ from their larger counterparts.
Obstetric outcome for women who received individualized treatment for fear of childbirth during pregnancy

Objective. To compare obstetric outcomes for women with fear of childbirth who received counseling during pregnancy with women without fear of childbirth. Design. Descriptive, retrospective case‐control study. Setting. University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. Sample. 353 women who were referred to a unit for psychosocial obstetrics and gynecology because of fear of childbirth constituted the index group and 579 women without fear of childbirth formed a reference group. Methods. Data were collected from standardized antenatal and delivery records. Main outcome measures. Delivery data. Results. Elective cesarean sections (CS) were more frequent in the index group (p<0.001). Induction of delivery was also more common among the women with fear of childbirth (16.5 compared with 9.6%, p<0.001). Women with fear of childbirth who were scheduled for vaginal delivery were more often delivered by emergency CS (p=0.007). Elective CS was more common among the parous women with fear of childbirth and instrumental delivery was more common among nulliparous women with fear of childbirth. There were no differences in complications during pregnancy, delivery or postpartum between the two groups. Conclusion. Fear of childbirth is a predisposing factor for emergency and elective CS even after psychological counseling. Maximal effort is necessary to avoid traumatizing deliveries and negative experiences, especially for nulliparous women.
Full-wave modelling of a counterpoise

This paper proposes a distinct approach for the modeling of a counterpoise. Instead of using either finite or infinite transmission line modeling based on quasi-TEM (transverse electromagnetic) wave propagation, a full-wave modeling of a counterpoise is presented. Initially, it is summarized the development of a full-wave model from the solution of the integral equation to determine to propagation constant, γ. One advantage of the full-wave modeling is related to direct determination of the electromagnetic field in the surrounding media. From the knowledge of γ an equivalent transmission line model is derived. Time-domain responses of the ground potential rise are obtained using the Numerical Laplace Transform.
Rumen phosphorus metabolism in sheep

SUMMARY The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of the level of phosphorus (P) intake on ruminal P kinetics in sheep. Twelve Santa Inês male sheep (average body weight 36 kg) were fed a basal diet consisting of roughage (coast cross hay), concentrate mixture (cassava meal, soya bean meal and urea) and a mineral premix. The treatments consisted of the basal diet supplemented with 0, 1·5, 3 or 4·5 g/kg dry matter (DM) of mono-ammonium phosphate to provide increasing P levels representing treatments T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The P content of experimental diets was 1·5; 2·0; 2·5 and 3·0 g P/kg DM, and considered highly deficient, deficient, adequate and in excess, respectively, compared with standard recommended allowances. Animals were injected with 32P and thereafter samples of blood were collected over 7 days, while samples of rumen fluid and saliva were collected 4 and 6 days after injection. Phosphorus intake affected P concentration in ruminal fluid, whereas P concentration in saliva was not affected. The values for P turnover time in the rumen were 1·42, 1·23, 1·18 and 1·04 days, whereas values of endogenous P entry into the rumen were 1·05, 1·37, 1·53 and 1·91 g/day for T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively, both affected by P intake. The specific activity (SA) of P in saliva, rumen and plasma were also all affected by P intake. The relationship between saliva and rumen SA emphasizes that most endogenous P in the rumen came from saliva. The possibility of an extra P source besides saliva contributing to endogenous P in the rumen is discussed. It is concluded from the results that, regardless of P intake, the flow of endogenous P into the rumen contributes to ensure a minimum supply of this essential element, which may be important in matching the requirements of the rumen microbes.
Immune tolerance in haemophilia: the long journey to the fork in the road

Antibody eradication is the ultimate goal of inhibitor management. The only clinically proven strategy for achieving antigen‐specific tolerance to factor VIII is immune tolerance induction (ITI). Our knowledge about ITI in haemophilia A and B was, historically, derived from small cohort studies and retrospective national and international ITI registries. Practice is now further influenced by prospective cohort data, and the results of a single prospective randomized international ITI trial. However, due to the low incidence of inhibitors in haemophilia B, there are few comparable data from which to develop a useful evidence‐based approach to the prevention and eradication of factor IX inhibitors. The lack of an effective strategy is particularly problematic given the morbidity associated with the unique occurrence of allergic and anaphylactic reactions that often herald factor IX antibody development and preclude effective eradication. This paper will discuss our current understanding of immune tolerance outcome and outcome predictors for haemophilia A and B; review the current consensus practice recommendations for ITI; and summarize the emerging body of immunological science relating to antibody formation and tolerance. It will conclude by suggesting how our knowledge might inform the future investigative priorities impacting the therapeutic and preventative tolerance strategies of tomorrow.
Probing hysteretic elasticity in weakly nonlinear materials

In this study, we propose an optimized NRUS measuring and data processing protocol dedicated to small bone samples specially designed to be used in a four-point bending mechanical fatigue test. Our goal was to assess the elastic and dissipative hysteretic nonlinear parameters repeatability with the proposed protocol using several classes of materials with weak, intermediate and high nonlinear properties. In the proposed data processing, the frequency shift Δf as a function of excitation drive amplitude is measured relatively to a reference resonance peak curve f0 (obtained at the lowest excitation level) which is repeated before each excitation drive level. Our results show that the proposed correction may be an alternative to a stringent control of temperature (which could not be achieved in this study) by increasing significantly NRUS sensitivity. With our correction procedure, we measured relative resonant frequency shifts of 10−5, which are below 10−4, often considered as the limit to NRUS sensitivity under common experimental conditions. In our experiments, we identified external temperature fluctuation as one of the major source of resonance frequency variation. A variation of 0.1°C caused a frequency variation of 0.01%, which is similar to the expected nonlinear frequency shift for weakly nonlinear materials. In the absence of correction, the data could not be interpreted to support the existence of hysteretic nonlinear behavior in bone.
Increased Expression of Bcl-xL and c-Myc Is Associated with Transformation by Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus*

Transformation mediated by the v-Abl oncoprotein, a tyrosine kinase encoded by the Abelson murine leukemia virus, is a multi-step process requiring genetic alterations in addition to expression of v-Abl. Loss of p53 or p19ARF was previously shown to be required for Abelson murine leukemia virus transformation of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). By comparing gene expression patterns in primary p53-/- MEFs acutely infected with the v-Abl retrovirus, v-Abl-transformed MEF clones, and v-Abl-transformed MEF clones treated with Abl kinase inhibitor STI 571, we have identified additional genetic alterations associated with v-Abl transformation. Bcl-xL mRNA was elevated in three of five v-Abl-transformed MEF clones. In addition, elevated expression of c-Myc mRNA, caused either by c-myc gene amplification or by enhanced signaling via STAT3, was observed in five v-Abl-transformed MEF clones. The data suggest that increases in cell survival associated with Bcl-xL and increases in cell growth associated with c-Myc facilitate the transformation process dependent on constitutive mitogenic signaling by v-Abl.
Fire and Human History of a Barren-Forest Mosaic in Southern Indiana

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide quantitative fire history information from a historically unique region, the oak barrens of the Interior Low Plateau Ecoregion. We sampled 27 post oak (Quercus stellata Wangenh.) trees from the Boone Creek watershed in southern Indiana. The period of tree-ring record ranged in calendar years from 1654 to 1999 and fire scar dates (n = 84) ranged from 1656 to 1992. The mean fire interval for the period 1656 to 1992 was 8.4 y and individual fire intervals ranged from 1 to 129 y. The average percentage of trees scarred at the site was 19% or about 1 in 5 trees sampled. No significant relationship was identified between fire years and drought conditions however, variability in the fire record coincided with Native American migrations and Euro-American settlement periods. Temporal variability in the fire record illustrates not only the dynamic nature of anthropogenic fire regimes but also the importance of humans in culturing presettlement barrens communities.
Afferents to the oculomotor nucleus in the goldfish (Carassius auratus) as revealed by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase

The goal of this work was to compare the distribution and morphology of neurons projecting to the oculomotor nucleus in goldfish with those previously described in other vertebrate groups. Afferent neurons were revealed by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase. The tracer was electrophoretically injected into the oculomotor nucleus. The location of the injection site was determined by the antidromic field potential elicited in the oculomotor nucleus by electrical stimulation of the oculomotor nerve. Labeled axons whose trajectories could be reconstructed were restricted to the medial longitudinal fasciculus. In order of quantitative importance, the afferent areas to the oculomotor nucleus were: (1) the ipsilateral anterior nucleus and the contralateral tangential and descending nuclei of the octaval column. Furthermore, a few labeled cells were found dorsomedially to the caudal pole of the unlabeled anterior octaval nucleus; (2) the contralateral abducens nucleus. The labeled internuclear neurons were arranged in two groups within and 500 μm behind the caudal subdivision of the abducens nucleus; (3) a few labeled cells were observed in the rhombencephalic reticular formation near the abducens nucleus, most of which were contralateral to the injection site. Specifically, stained cells were found in the caudal pole of the superior reticular nucleus, throughout the medial reticular nucleus and in the rostral area of the inferior reticular nucleus; (4) eurydendroid cells of the cerebellum, located close to the contralateral eminentia granularis pars lateralis, were also labeled; and (5) a small and primarily ipsilateral group of labeled cells was located at the mesencephalic nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus.
Factors predicting poor outcomes in T1N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma: indicators for treatment intensification

This study investigated the impact of adverse pathological features (APFs) amongst patients with T1N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) on both tumour control and survival. We aimed to investigate clinicopathological factors that would predict poor outcomes and determine a clinically relevant threshold for the recommendation of additional treatment.
Fiber components of the splanchnic nerves

The splanchnic nerves, according to current concepts, are made up predominantly of sympathetic preganglionic and visceral afferent fibers. As observed by Ramon and Billingsly ('El), the greater splanchnic nerve in the cat occasionally includes a bundle of postganglionic fibers that arise in sympathetic trunk ganglia. The preganglionic fibers are predominantly myelinated and fall within the diameter range of less than one to 3.5 p. They traverse the sympathetic trunk, but probably make no synaptic connections in sympathetic trunk ganglia. The afferent components include both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers that vary in diameter more widely than the preganglionic fibers. Many are less than 3.5 p in diameter but the larger myelinated ones range up to 14 p or over in diameter. The splanchnic nerves have generally been regarded merely as conduction pathways even though the existence of ganglia, particularly in the greater splanchnic, has long been known. I n a systematic study of the greater splanchnic nerves in man, Streckfus ( '31) consistantly found ganglia at various levels. I n a study of both the thoracic and the lumbar splanchnic nerves in man and the cat, Kuntz ('56) found ganglia and scattered ganglion cells in all of these nerves. As indicated by ganglion cell counts in serial longitudinal sections of the nerves the ganglion cells are sufficiently abundant and
Determinants of regulated proteolysis in signal transduction.

Each cell produces thousands of gene products that differ in cellular localization, chemical properties, interactions with other cellular factors, abundance, and half lives. Controlling these events presents an enormous organizational challenge. In recent years, biological quality-control systems were identified addressing this problem. The importance of these systems is underlined by the facts that several quality-control factors are essential for viability and are directly implicated in many severe diseases, such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, amyloid, and autoimmune diseases.
Fibronectin binding to protein A-containing staphylococci

Fibronectin (Fn) was found to bind to protein A-containing isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, but not to mutant strains devoid of this protein nor to clinical isolates of S. epidermidis. Fn was purified from human plasma by affinity chromatography on gelatin-Sepharose. After elution with 4 M urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified material detected no immunoglobulin contamination. This purified Fn was radiolabeled with 125I and used in binding assays. Quantitatively, Fn binding was directly correlated with the cellular protein A content of the various strains tested. Mannitol salt broth preculture or organisms resulted in a reduction of their cellular protein A and a decrease in Fn binding by these cells. However, soluble protein A maximally inhibited the binding of radiolabeled Fn to protein A-positive strains of staphylococci by only 50%, indicating the possibility of multiple Fn binding sites. Fn's binding to protein A-containing S. aureus strains may play a role in the pathogenicity of these organisms by promoting their attachment to and subsequent invasion of host tissues.