Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ALTERATIONS IN COGNITIVE FUNCTION DURING THE MENOPAUSAL TRANSITION

1. Cohen-Mansfield J, Werner P, Reisberg B. Temporal order and functional loss in a nursing home population. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995;43:974–978. 2. Souren LE, Franssen EH, Reisberg B. Neuromotor changes in Alzheimer’s disease: Implications for patient care. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1997;10:93–98. 3. Alexander NB, Mollo JM, Giordino B et al. Maintenance of balance, gait patterns, and obstacle clearance in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 1995;45:908–914. 4. State University of New York at Buffalo. Functional Independence Measure. Buffalo, NY: State University of New York at Buffalo, 1995. 5. Hurley AC, Volicer L, Camberg L et al. Measurement of observed agitation in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. J Mental Health Aging 1999;5: 117–133.
Every Thing Must Go: Metaphysics Naturalized

Preface 1. In Defence of Scientism 2. Scientific Realism, Constructive Empiricism and Structuralism 3. Ontic Structural Realism and the Philosophy of Physics 4. Rainforest Realism and the Unity of Science 5. Causation in a Structural World 6. Conclusion - Philosophy Enough Bibliography
In vivo embolization of lateral wall aneurysms in canines using the liquid-to-solid gelling PPODA-QT polymer system: 6-month pilot study.

OBJECT Over the past 20 years, endovascular embolization has become the preferred method of treating cerebral aneurysms. While there are many embolic devices on the market, none is ideal. In this study the authors investigated the use of a liquid-to-solid gelling polymer system-that is, poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate and pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (PPODA-QT)-to embolize in vivo aneurysms over a 6-month period. METHODS Experimental aneurysms were created in the carotid arteries of 9 canines. Aneurysms were embolized with the polymer only (PPODA-QT, 3 dogs), filled with PPODA-QT after placement of a "framing" platinum coil (coil+PPODA-QT, 3 dogs), or packed with platinum coils (coils only, 3 dogs). Aneurysm occlusion was angiographically monitored immediately and 6 months after embolization. After 6 months, the ostial regions of explanted aneurysms were assessed macroscopically and histologically. RESULTS All aneurysms showed 100% angiographic occlusion at 6 months, but turbulent blood flow was observed in 1 coils-only sample. Ostial regions of explanted coils-only aneurysms showed neointimal tissue surrounding individual coils but no continuous tissue layer over the aneurysm neck. All PPODA-QT aneurysms displayed smooth ostial surfaces, but 2 of 3 coil+PPODA-QT aneurysms showed polymer (unassociated with the coil) protruding into the vessel lumen, contributing to rough ostial surfaces. Neointimal tissue was present in PPODA-QT and coil+PPODA-QT aneurysms and covered smooth ostial surfaces more completely than in coils-only aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS This study compared neointimal tissue overgrowth in the ostium of experimental aneurysms embolized with PPODA-QT, PPODA-QT plus a framing coil, or coils alone. The coils-only and coil+PPODA-QT groups showed rough and discontinuous ostial surfaces, which hindered neointimal tissue coverage. The PPODA-QT aneurysms consistently produced smooth ostial surfaces that facilitated more complete neointimal tissue coverage over aneurysm necks.
Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Dry Yield, Essential Oil and Compounds on Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis L.)

In order to examined the effect of manure and chemical fertilizers on the some agronomic characteristics, yield and the essential oil of rosemary. The experiment was carried out as randomized complete design with 9 treatments at 4 replications in Sari, 2013. Treatments were included witness (control), sheep and vermin-compost fertilizers and chemical fertilizers of nitrogen and phosphorus at 6 different amounts which were N150-P150, N150-P200, N150-P250, N200-P150, N200-P200 and N200-P250. The results showed that sheep manure had the highest dried yield (1344kg/ha), essential oil (3.72%) and essential oil yield (50 liters per hectare) that increased 2, 2.4 and 4.5times compared to the controls. In general, sheep manure compared to vermicompost and other chemical treatments increased the dry yield, essential oil yield and type and percentage of ingredients of Rosemary on local climatic condition of experimental site.
Differential Expression of Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) and ERM-Associated Adhesion Molecules in the Blastocyst and Uterus Suggests Their Functions During Implantation1

Abstract Development of the blastocyst to implantation competency, differentiation of the uterus to the receptive state, and a cross talk between the implantation-competent blastocyst and the uterine luminal epithelium are all essential to the process of implantation. In the present investigation, we examined the possibility for a potential cross talk between the blastocyst and uterus involving the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins and ERM-associated cytoskeletal cross-linker proteins CD43, CD44, ICAM-1, and ICAM-2. In normal Day 4 blastocysts and after rendering dormant blastocysts to implantation-competent by estrogen in vivo (activated), the outer surface of mural trophectoderm cells showed much higher levels of radixin as compared to those in the polar trophectoderm cells, inner cell mass (ICM), and primitive endoderm. In contrast, ezrin was present on both the mural and the polar trophectoderm cell surfaces of normal Day 4 and activated blastocysts at higher intensity than dormant blastocysts. A distinct localization was noted in the primitive endoderm of dormant blastocysts that was not apparent in activated or normal Day 4 blastocysts. The expression of moesin was modestly higher at the mural trophectoderm of implantation-competent blastocysts, while the localization appeared to be present primarily on the polar trophectoderm cell surface of Day 4 blastocysts. The localization of ERM-associated adhesion molecules CD43, CD44, and ICAM-2 was more intense in the implantation-competent blastocysts compared with the dormant blastocysts. However, while CD44 was present both in the trophectoderm and in ICM, CD43 and ICAM-2 were localized primarily to the trophectoderm. The signal for ICAM-1 was very intense in the ICM but was modest in the trophectoderm. No significant changes in fluorescence intensity were noted between activated and dormant blastocysts. In the receptive uterus on Day 4 of pregnancy, ERM proteins were localized to the uterine epithelium, while on Day 5 the localization, especially of radixin and moesin, extended to the stroma surrounding the implantation chamber. With respect to ERM-associated adhesion molecules, while CD44 and ICAM-1 were exclusively localized in the stroma on Day 4, CD43 and ICAM-2 were localized to the epithelium. On Day 5, the localization of CD44 and ICAM-1 became highly concentrated in the antimesometrial stroma of the implantation chamber. The localization of CD43 and ICAM-2 remained mostly epithelial, although some stromal localization of CD43 was noted on Day 5. These results suggest that differential expression and distribution of ERM proteins and ERM-associated adhesion molecules are involved in the construction of the cellular architecture necessary for blastocyst activation and uterine receptivity leading to successful implantation.
The Fear of Alzheimer's Disease Scale: a new measure designed to assess anticipatory dementia in older adults

As the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rapidly increasing, apprehension about developing the degenerative disease (anticipatory dementia or fear of developing AD) has become a topic of interest. However, most studies of anticipatory dementia have utilized brief, nonvalidated measures to explore older adults' apprehension. As such, there is a significant need for a psychometrically sound instrument to measure this fear.
Perfusion Computed Tomography for Monitoring Induction Chemotherapy in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract: Correlation Between Changes in Tumor Perfusion and Tumor Volume

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the potential of perfusion computed tomography (CTp) for monitoring induction chemotherapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) of the upper aerodigestive tract. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients with advanced SCCA underwent CTp and volumetric CT before and after induction chemotherapy. Perfusion CT parameters were calculated in the tumor, normal tissue, and muscles and correlated with tumor volume. Results: The blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), and permeability surface were significantly higher, and the mean transit time was significantly lower in the tumor than in the normal tissue. The tumor BF and BV significantly decreased, and the mean transit time significantly increased after the therapy; decrease in BF and BV correlated with tumor volume reduction after chemotherapy. The baseline tumor BV was significantly lower in nonresponders compared with that in responders. Conclusions: In patients with SCCA, CTp showed potential for monitoring induction chemotherapy, reduction in tumor BF and BV correlated with reduction of tumor volume after chemotherapy, and baseline tumor BV may predict response to chemotherapy.
Remission of Superior Oblique Myokymia after Microvascular Decompression

Superior oblique myokymia (SOM) is an ocular motility disorder characterized by oscillopsia, vertical or torsional diplopia, sometimes combined with pressure sensation. Although the pathophysiological basis is unclear, isolated case reports have documented its association with intracranial pathological processes. We present a case of SOM associated with a vascular compression of the fourth nerve at the root exit zone. Following microneurosurgical decompression, SOM completely resolved and paralysis of the fourth nerve occurred. This was less disturbing.
Home telemonitoring in patients with chronic heart failure: a chance to improve patient care?

BACKGROUND Telemonitoring can improve the medical care, quality of life, and prognosis of chronically ill patients. This review article summarizes the current status of health services research on telemonitoring, focusing on patients with chronic congestive heart failure. METHOD The Medline database was selectively searched for articles appearing from June 2001 to May 2008, with an emphasis on randomized, controlled trials. RESULTS The available scientific data on vital signs monitoring are limited, yet there is evidence for a positive effect on some clinical endpoints, particularly mortality. Nonetheless, any possible improvement of patient-reported outcomes, such as the quality of life, still remains to be demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that telemonitoring is effective, yet there is no evidence for superior outcomes with any particular model of care incorporating telemonitoring (i.e., monitoring of vital signs versus structured telephone monitoring). A valid criticism is that the individual components of home telemonitoring have not yet been separately tested in order to compare their individual effects.
Validation and reliability of the Turkish version of the fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire in patients with low back pain.

AIM The aim of this study was to translate the questionnaire into Turkish and to investigate the test-retest reliability, construct validity and its sensitivity to change following physical therapy. METHODS The questionnaire was translated into Turkish using the forward and backward translation technique. Test-retest reliability was assessed with the correlation coefficients. Scale analysis for internal validity, the Cronbach's alpha score was calculated. Construct validity was tested with principal components analysis and was also tested with divergent validity. Following three weeks of treatment, sensitivity to change and responsiveness of the questionnaire was assessed. RESULTS The questionnaire was applied on 55 patients and high correlations were found on the repeated items 48 hours later. In the scale analysis, the Cronbach's alpha score was found as 0.911 for the total questionnaire. Two factors were found compatible with the original questionnaire with principal components analysis. These two factors explain 61.647% of the total variance in the questionnaire performed on 150 patients. In divergent validity, the fear avoidance beliefs were found in low correlation with the clinical variables. Sensitivity to change and responsiveness of the FABQ was found to be low. CONCLUSIONS FABQ has sufficient psychometric features for its applicability in the Turkish population with subacute and chronic low back pain.
Role for β2-Microglobulin in Echovirus Infection of Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells

ABSTRACT A monoclonal antibody (MAb) that blocks most echoviruses (EVs) from infecting rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells has been isolated. By using the CELICS cloning method (T. Ward, P. A. Pipkin, N. A. Clarkson, D. M. Stone, P. D. Minor, and J. W. Almond, EMBO J. 13:5070–5074, 1994), the ligand for this antibody has been identified as β2-microglobulin (β2m), the 12-kDa protein that associates with class I heavy chains to form class I HLA complexes. A commercial MAb (MAb 1350) against β2m was also found to block EV7 infection without affecting binding to its receptor, DAF, or replication of EV7 viral RNA inside cells. Entry of EV7 into cells was reduced by only 30% by antibody and cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of endocytosis mediated by caveolae and clathrin-coated pits, but was not significantly reduced by sodium azide. The block to virus entry by cytochalasin D was additive to the block induced by antibody. We suggest that EV7 rapidly enters into a multicomponent receptor complex prior to entry into cells and that this initial entry event requires β2m or class I HLA for infection to proceed.
Recent LTR retrotransposon insertion contrasts with waves of non-LTR insertion since speciation in Drosophila melanogaster

LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons exhibit distinct patterns of abundance within the Drosophila melanogaster genome, yet the causes of these differences remain unknown. Here we investigate whether genomic differences between LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons reflect systematic differences in their insertion history. We find that for 17 LTR and 10 non-LTR retrotransposon families that evolve under a pseudogene-like mode of evolution, most elements from LTR families have integrated in the very recent past since colonization of non-African habitats (≈16,000 years ago), whereas elements from non-LTR families have been accumulating in overlapping waves since the divergence of D. melanogaster from its sister species, Drosophila simulans (≈5.4 Mya). LTR elements are significantly younger than non-LTR elements, individually and by family, in regions of high and low recombination, and in genic and intergenic regions. We show that analysis of transposable element (TE) nesting provides a method to calculate transposition rates from genome sequences, which we estimate to be one to two orders of magnitude lower than those that are based on mutation accumulation studies. Recent LTR integration provides a nonequilibrium alternative for the low population frequency of LTR elements in this species, a pattern that is classically interpreted as evidence for selection against the transpositional increase of TEs. Our results call for a new class of population genetic models that incorporate TE copy number, allele frequency, and the age of insertions to provide more powerful and robust inferences about the forces that control the evolution of TEs in natural populations.
Association between angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between angiotensinogen (AGT) gene M235T polymorphism and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) to explore the potential role of the AGT polymorphism in HCM. METHODS PubMed, Embase, OVID, Cochrane library, CNKI, Wan Fang Database were searched to identify the studies involving AGT M235T polymorphism and HCM. Two authors performed independent literature review and study quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. RESULTS Nine studies involving 887 cases and 1407 controls were included in our meta-analysis. No significant associations were found between AGT M235T polymorphism and HCM (allele model T vs M: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.95-1.45; dominant model TT vs (MM/MT): OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.00-1.45; recessive model (TT/MT) vs MM: OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.87-1.45; heterozygous comparison MT vs MM: OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.82-1.41; homozygous comparison TT vs MM OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.88-1.61. In subgroup analysis, the significant difference of association between AGT M235T polymorphism and HCM existed in Asian and sporadic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (SHCM), but no significant difference was found in Europeans and familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM). CONCLUSIONS There is no association between AGT M235T polymorphism and HCM in general populations, but such a relationship exists in Asians and SHCM.
Ability of Fourier-domain Optical Coherence Tomography to Detect Retinal Ganglion Cell Complex Atrophy in Glaucoma Patients

Purpose:To evaluate the diagnostic ability of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) measurements in both normal individuals and patients with different stages of glaucoma. Patients and Methods:A total of 113 patients diagnosed with glaucoma and classified into different stages of glaucoma according to Glaucoma Staging System 2 and 30 healthy individuals were included in this study. In all patients, parameters of both the retinal ganglion cell complex (GCC) and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer were measured by FD-OCT (RTVue-100). Comparisons were made from measurements in patients with different stages of glaucoma. Results:Both GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness values of patients with glaucoma were statistically significantly lower compared with those of healthy individuals. As the stage of glaucoma progressed, the mean GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness values decreased. Conclusions:GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements performed by FD-OCT showed high diagnostic ability in detecting glaucoma. Mean thickness values can be determined for each glaucoma stage.
On Sliding-Window Universal Data Compression with Limited Memory

Nonasymptotic coding and converse theorems are derived for universal data compression algorithms in cases where the training sequence ("history") that is available to the encoder consists of the most recent segment of the input data string that has been processed, but is not large enough so as to yield the ultimate compression, namely, the entropy of the source.
Predictive Value of APOE Genotyping in Incipient Alzheimer's Diseases a

The Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Center/Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry is a prospective, longitudinal project of aging and dementia in a community setting. Over 400 pairs of individuals have been studied through this project, and extensive data on clinical, radiological, neuropathological, and biological variables have been gathered. Previous case-control studies on this group of subjects have documented the role of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 as a risk factor for dementia. Subsequent analyses between APOE and the age of the patients with dementia have shown that most of the epsilon 4 effect is manifest in subjects under 75 years of age. We have also used this patient resource to study a group of individuals who are at risk for dementia by virtue of having a significant memory impairment. We have designated these patients as having a mild cognitive impairment because they have abnormal memory function but do not reach criteria for dementia. Over the course of several years of follow-up, these subjects evolve to dementia at a rate of approximately 15% per year. The presence of an APOE epsilon 4 carrier status is the best predictor of subsequent development of dementia in these individuals. These studies indicate that APOE is an important risk factor for AD, and in patients with a mild cognitive impairment, APOE may be useful in predicting who is likely to progress to dementia.
Susceptibility of inbred and outbred mouse strains to Sendai virus and prevalence of infection in laboratory rodents

Sendai virus is one of the more prevalent and serious virus infections of rodents. Infection was found in 66% of the mouse, 63% of the rat, 83% of the hamster, and 44% of the guinea pig colonies examined. Twenty-four inbred and outbred strains of mice were tested for their sensitivity to lethal Sendai virus infection. The 129/J mice tested were approximately 25,000-fold more sensitive than SJL/J mice; however, both mouse strains were similarly permissive in support of viral replication in their lung tissues. Histopathological studies revealed that whereas lesions in both sensitive and resistant mice were qualitatively similar, the lesions in the more sensitive 129/J mice appeared earlier, were much more extensive, and persisted longer than in the resistant SJL/J mice. These results suggest that the observed variance in sensitivity is not the result of a genetic restriction on virus infection and replication but rather is the result of a physiological factor(s) possibly related to some aberration of strain difference in the humoral or cell-mediated immune response.
An Online Health Informatics Elective Course for Doctor of Pharmacy Students

Objective. To describe the development and assessment of an online elective health informatics course and determine its potential for universal integration into doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) curricula. Design. A 2-credit hour online elective course was developed and offered to all PharmD students; voiced-over Powerpoint lectures were used to deliver content. Assessment. Assessment of student performance was measured using quantitative metrics via discussion questions, quizzes, written papers, and examinations. Qualitative findings were measured through discussion questions, a goal-setting classroom assessment technique, and an end-of-course reflection. Students report finding value in the course and recognizing how the knowledge gained could impact their future practice as pharmacists. Conclusion. An online course in health informatics can be an effective way to deliver content and provide a blueprint for continued integration of the content into curricula.
Genomics of secondary metabolite production by Pseudomonas spp.

Covering: up to June 2009 Pseudomonas is a diverse genus of Gammaproteobacteria with more than 60 species exhibiting varied life styles in a wide range of environments, including soil, water, plant surfaces, and animals. They are well known for their ubiquity in the natural world, capacity to utilize a striking variety of organic compounds as energy sources, resistance to a wide range of medically- and agriculturally-important antimicrobial compounds, and production of a remarkable array of secondary metabolites. Here, we provide an overview of the astonishing metabolic capacity of the Pseudomonads, summarize the knowledge of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in this group of organisms, and highlight the biological significance of these compounds to the diverse life styles exhibited by Pseudomonas spp. A consistent theme throughout this discussion is the central role of genomics in natural product discovery, characterization of metabolic gene clusters and patterns of their inheritance, and illuminaton of new aspects of Pseudomonas biology.