Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular detection of Campylobacter jejuni in patients with Crohn’s disease in Iran

Background: Crohn's disease is one of the most significant intestinal disorders and is known as inflammatory bowel disease; Campylobacter spp. are one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Methods: In this study, 60 tissue samples, including 30 cases with Crohn’s disease and 30 cases with no inflammatory bowel disease, were collected. Patients were referred to Taleghani hospital and Behboud clinic between March 2015 and May 2016. Biopsies were used for DNA extraction and assessment of Campylobacter jejuni in patients with Crohn's disease and controls using polymerase chain reaction and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. All positive amplified fragments were sequenced. The gene encoding 16S rRNA, specific to Campylobacter genus, was amplified. Results: The results were positive for Campylobacter genus in patients with Crohn's disease compared to healthy individuals. The quantitative real-time PCR showed a significantly higher prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni, particularly in hippurate hydrolase in tissue specimens of patients with Crohn's disease compared to control group. The correlation between Campylobacter jejuni and diarrhea symptoms in patients with Crohn's disease and controls was investigated. One positive case of Campylobacter jejuni found in patients without diarrhea was compared with 13 patients with diarrhea. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the alarmingly high rate of Campylobacter jejuni prevalence in Crohn's disease patients with diarrhea symptoms. However, further investigation is needed to determine the possible causing factors of this disease.
A BILINGUAL GENERATIVE TRANSFORMER

Semantic sentence embedding models take natural language sentences and turn them into vectors, such that similar vectors indicate similarity in the semantics between the sentences. Bilingual data offers a useful signal for learning such embeddings: properties shared by both sentences in a translation pair are likely semantic, while divergent properties are likely stylistic or language-specific. We propose a deep latent variable model that attempts to perform source separation on parallel sentences, isolating what they have in common in a latent semantic vector, and explaining what is left over with language-specific latent vectors. Our proposed approach differs from past work on semantic sentence encoding in two ways. First, by using a variational probabilistic framework, we introduce priors that encourage source separation, and can use our model’s posterior to predict sentence embeddings for monolingual data at test time. Second, we use highcapacity transformers as both data generating distributions and inference networks – contrasting with most past work on sentence embeddings. In experiments, our approach substantially outperforms the state-of-the-art on a standard suite of semantic similarity evaluations. Further, we demonstrate that our approach yields the largest gains on more difficult subsets of test where simple word overlap is not a good indicator of similarity.
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SUPERVISION STRATEGY TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT: CASE OF DELAY IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE LOCAL BUDGET IN KEDIRI REGENCY IN EAST JAVA INDONESIA

As forming autonomous regions, government had an obligation and even the right to supervise local government. With the large number and broad scope, it was an enormous task for the central government to conduct supervision to all levels of government. Moreover, government supervision of the local financial management, which translated into time appropriateness in determination of local budget as instruments for the progress and welfare of the local community. Though not too much research in the field of government supervision in the vertical relationship of the central and local government, this article was intended to describe and analyze how government supervision strategies to local government in case of delay in the determination of the local budget Kediri regency in East Java Indonesia.
Novel Crosstalks between Circadian Clock and Jasmonic Acid Pathway Finely Coordinate the Tradeoff among Plant Growth, Senescence and Defense

Circadian clock not only functions as a cellular time-keeping mechanism, but also acts as a master regulator to coordinate the tradeoff between plant growth and defense in higher plants by timing a few kinds of phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, including jasmonic acid (JA). Notably, circadian clock and JA pathway have recently been shown to intertwine with each other to ensure and optimize the plant fitness in an ever-changing environment. It has clearly demonstrated that there are multiple crosstalk pathways between circadian clock and JA at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this scenario, circadian clock temporally modulates JA-mediated plant development events, herbivory resistance and susceptibility to pathogen. By contrast, the JA signaling regulates clock activity in a feedback manner. In this review, we summarized the cross networks between circadian clock and JA pathway at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We proposed that the novel crosstalks between circadian clock and JA pathway not only benefit for the understanding the JA-associated circadian outputs including leaf senescence, biotic, and abiotic defenses, but also put timing as a new key factor to investigate JA pathway in the future.
A Multi-Factor Model of Idiosyncratic Volatility

Time-varying leverage driven by common shocks to firm asset returns introduces a factor structure in idiosyncratic equity return volatilities (IVOL). In a standard dynamic capital structure model in which the CAPM holds for asset returns, we show that three factors explain the IVOL cross-section: the average IVOL mainly captures market-wide leverage dynamics, and a size factor and a leverage-driven factor account for the time-varying dispersion. Just like equity IVOL, debt return IVOL shows a strong factor structure and the two are strongly correlated. Our findings also shed light on the negative IVOL-return puzzle and the time-series pattern of average IVOL.
Health belief model, social support, and intent to screen for colorectal cancer in older African American men

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. African American men are at the greatest risk for developing and dying from colorectal cancer. Using the Health Belief Model and the theory of Social Support as a framework, a cross-sectional, correlation design was used to gather data from a convenience sample of 52 older African American men. Measures used for this study were Champion's Health Belief Model Scale as adapted by Jacobs, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and a self designed tool for intent to screen for colorectal cancer as suggested by Ajzen. The mean age of participants was 61 years. The majority of men were employed, married, had at least one additional person in the household, were high school graduates, and 63% had had a previous colonoscopy. Older African American men reported mixed findings on construct scale scores. Seriousness was rated as low with susceptibility and barriers rated just below average. Benefits, self-efficacy, social support and rated above average or high. No significant correlations were found between the HBM constructs, social support and past colonoscopy and intent to screen. Seriousness and barriers were significant with past colonoscopy with an independent t-test. While multiple regressions did show a significant increase between model scores, significance was small and social support did not add to the variance in intent to screen for colorectal cancer.
Electromagnetics in an Electrical / Electronic Engineering undergraduate course : the hybrid option

Effective teaching and learning of a number of topics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering undergraduate programs is not easy to accomplish due to the efforts to understand complex mathematical equations and complicated interactions that are difficult to visualize. The traditional “chalk and talk” teaching method is no longer effective. This method that has been used for hundreds of years is providing ineffective results, especially when it involves “topics that demand 2D or 3D visualizations, such as propagation of electromagnetic fields, antenna patterns and waveguides. This paper aims to show some new teaching processes perspectives for subjects encountered in Electrical and Electronic Engineering courses. It presents advantages and experiences between the UoN University of Nottingham (United Kingdom) and the IFSC –Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina / Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (Brasil) in teaching topics regarding Electromagnetics, by using a variety of simulation and visualization approaches Keywords—engineering education; hybrid teaching processes,
Correcting for time dependant drift in ruminal pH sensors

Measurements made by electronic sensors may drift over time. We propose the following time-dependent correction equation (1) which allows for an offset at pre-use calibration and drift as detected at post-use validation. Actual value= {(a0+b0X)× (1δ Δ )} + {(aΔ+bΔX)× ( δ
Student and teacher beliefs about written CF and the effect those beliefs have on uptake: a multiple case study of Laos and Kuwait

The effectiveness of various types of written corrective feedback (written CF) to improve second language writer’ written accuracy is an issue that is currently receiving a lot of attention in the field of second language learning. The present study has continued with that focus by investigating whether beliefs about written CF vary between students in two contexts (an IEP in Laos and one in Kuwait), whether those students’ beliefs differ from their teachers’ and whether differences in beliefs seem to impact uptake and retention. The study also investigates whether there are any differences in the type of feedback that is most effective in the two contexts. By comparing two contexts and looking at beliefs about written CF, this study seeks to investigate the topic from a sociocognitive perspective, which is in contrast to the mostly cognitive focus of previous studies. A multi-method approach to data collection was used, with data being collected through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and writing prompts. The combination of questionnaires and interviews was used to overcome the weakness of using a self-report questionnaire as the sole means of collecting data regarding students’ beliefs about written CF. Regarding the writing prompts, the study employed a pre-test, post-test, delayed post-test, second delayed post-test design where feedback was given after the pre-test and the initial post-test. The groups were as follows: direct feedback, indirect feedback, metalinguistic feedback, and control. Students were placed into feedback groups according to their answers in the questionnaires and interviews, with some receiving their preferred type of feedback and others receiving another type of feedback. Findings from the study revealed a number of differences in beliefs both among students (particularly Lao participants), between student groups and between students and their teachers. Findings also indicated that the type of feedback that is most effective varied between Lao and Kuwaiti students and that beliefs about written CF seemed to impact uptake and retention in the Lao group but not the Kuwait group. The results of this study contribute to the understanding about which factors may impact written CF. Contributions to theory and research have been provided. Practical suggestions for pedagogy and future research have also been given.
Management of Non Vital Teeth with Open Apex Using Endosequence Root Repair Material, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentin-A Case Series

Immature tooth with necrotic pulp and periapical pathosisis a major challenge and requires a tailored treatment plan. Success of an endodontic treatment in such a case requires closure of the root apex. There is a plethora of research going on in dentistry with the focus not only on the treatment rationale but also on the materials. These endeavors have led to the development of some new materials like Biodentine, Endosequence Root Repair Material, etc. which have revolutionized Endodontics. This article is a case series presenting apexification done using three different materials; Endosequence root repair material, Mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentin.
Inbreeding depression in one of the last DFTD-free wild populations of Tasmanian devils

Background Vulnerable species experiencing inbreeding depression are prone to localised extinctions because of their reduced fitness. For Tasmanian devils, the rapid spread of devil facial tumour disease (DFTD) has led to population declines and fragmentation across the species’ range. Here we show that one of the few remaining DFTD-free populations of Tasmanian devils is experiencing inbreeding depression. Moreover, this population has experienced a significant reduction in reproductive success over recent years. Methods We used 32 microsatellite loci to examine changes in genetic diversity and inbreeding in the wild population at Woolnorth, alongside field data on breeding success from females to test for inbreeding depression. Results Wefound that maternal internal relatedness has a negative impact on litter sizes. The results of this study imply that this population may be entering an extinction vortex and that to protect the population genetic rescue should be considered. This study provides conservation managers with useful information for managing wild devils and provides support for the “Wild Devil Recovery Program”, which is currently augmenting small, isolated populations.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE ON OBESITY AND RELATED PARAMETERS

Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, is one of the most important underlying risk factors for metabolic syndrome and increases the risk of developing various pathological conditions like Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Insulin resistance means that the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose utilization is reduced, it is an integral feature of the metabolic syndrome and an important predictor of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus development. It is well known that obesity is associated with diabetes mellitus, and the main basis of this link is thought to be the ability of obesity to stimulate insulin resistance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance and obesity, related biochemical parameters, body analysis data. In this retrospective case control study, the insulin resistance status of 120 volunteers was determined by calculating the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance formula. Biochemical values and body analysis results of individuals with and without insulin resistance were compared. Insulin resistance was detected in 56 (%46.7) of the subjects participating in the study. Insulin resistance was significantly related with weight, body mass index, body fat mass (p<0.05). However, there was no correlation between insulin resistance and body fat percentage, abdominal fat percentage and abdominal fat mass (p>0.05). Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, triglyceride and alanine aminotransferase levels were found to be higher in individuals with insulin resistance (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between insulin resistance and HbA1c percentages, cholesterol, AST and Vitamin B12 levels (p>0.05). In conclusion, considering the risks of diseases caused by insulin resistance, findings of this study emphasizes the importance of detecting insulin resistance. Determining the presence of insulin resistance can help prevent a variety of diseases by regulating nutrition.
Atmospheric Dynamics from Synoptic to Local Scale During an Intense Frontal Dust Storm over the Sistan Basin in Winter 2019

The Sistan Basin has been recognized as one of the most active dust sources and windiest desert environments in the world. Although the dust activity in Sistan maximizes during the summer, rare but intense dust storms may also occur in the winter. This study aims to elucidate the atmospheric dynamics related to dust emission and transport, dust-plume characteristics, and impacts on aerosol properties and air quality during an intense dust storm over Sistan in February 2019. The dust storm was initiated by strong northerly winds (~20 ms−1) associated with the intrusion of a cold front from high latitudes. The upper-level potential vorticity (PV)-trough evolved into a cut-off low in the mid and upper troposphere and initiated unstable weather over Afghanistan and northern Pakistan. At the surface, density currents emanating from deep convective clouds and further strengthened by downslope winds from the mountains, caused massive soil erosion. The passage of the cold front reduced the temperature by ~10 °C and increased the atmospheric pressure by ~10 hPa, while the visibility was limited to less than 200 m. The rough topography played a major role in modulating the atmospheric dynamics, wind field, dust emissions, and transport pathways. Meso-NH model simulates large amounts of columnar mass dust loading (> 20 g m−2) over Sistan, while the intense dust plume was mainly traveling below 2 km and increased the particulate matter (PM10) concentrations up to 1800 µg m−3 at Zabol. The dust storm was initially moving in an arc-shaped pathway over the Sistan Basin and then it spread away. Plumes of dust covered a large area in southwest Asia, reaching the northern Arabian Sea, and the Thar desert one to two days later, while they strongly affected the aerosol properties at Karachi, Pakistan, by increasing the aerosol optical depth (AOD > 1.2) and the coarse-mode fraction at ~0.7.
STUDY ON FAILURE PROCESS OF TAILING DAMS BASED ON PARTICLE FLOW THEORIES

Based on a tailing dam project, tailing sands are simulated as discrete materials in this paper. Taking the distribution rule of tailing sands into account, the discrete element software PFC2D is adopted to examine the stability and instability process of the dam according to fundamental particle flow principles. The PFC2D model is established according to the deposition rule of tailing sands in the tailing dam then the function of strength reduction is proposed based on the principle of strength reduction to simulate the flooding condition as well as the factor of safety at the stable state and the displacement at the instability process under the particular condition. In addition, comparison is made with the limit equilibrium method and the obtained difference in factor of safety is discussed. The obtained factor of safety for the stability of dam slope from PFC2D analysis is higher than expectation mainly because the micro-parameters in PFC2D affect many macro-parameters simultaneously and the relation between micro-parameters and macro-parameters are nonlinear, which well fits engineering practice. (Received in February 2015, accepted in May 2015. This paper was with the authors 2 months for 1 revision.)
Maximizing EV-integration in LV-grids using the Universal Smart Energy Framework

It is to be expected that the number of electric vehicles will be growing in the near future. This can lead to serious grid congestion in low voltage grids and massive investments in solving this congestion. In this paper the integration of charging poles in LV-grids is studied with the aid of a Universal Smart Energy Framework. With this framework grid congestion can be solved via flexibility of loads and generation. The framework is applied in a pilot project in a neighbourhood of the city of Utrecht. This paper gives an overview of the framework, a description and goal of the pilot project as well as some preliminary results of implementing USEF in a real LV-grid. Keywords-Electric Vehicles, charging poles, LV-grids, USEF, transactive energy systems, PV
Measuring Marine Plastic Debris from Space: Initial Assessment of Observation Requirements

Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system could make a substantial contribution to tackling this problem. Here, we make initial steps towards the potential design of such a remote sensing system by: (1) identifying the properties of marine plastic debris amenable to remote sensing methods and (2) highlighting the oceanic processes relevant to scientific questions about marine plastic debris. Remote sensing approaches are reviewed and matched to the optical properties of marine plastic debris and the relevant spatio-temporal scales of observation to identify challenges and opportunities in the field. Finally, steps needed to develop marine plastic debris detection by remote sensing platforms are proposed in terms of fundamental science as well as linkages to ongoing planning for satellite systems with similar observation requirements.
Relationship between Random Blood Glucose, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Gensini Score in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective To examine the relationship between admission random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and Gensini score in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to clarify the effects of RBG and FBG on the severity of coronary artery disease. Method A total of 958 consecutive AMI patients who underwent emergency coronary angiography at the Cardiology Department of Zhongda Hospital (affiliated with Southeast University) were enrolled in this study from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018. The Gensini score of each patient was calculated according to the results of coronary angiography. The RBG, FBG, baseline data, hematological indexes, echocardiography parameters, coronary angiography data, and the use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) were recorded. Patients with an RBG level >11.1 mmol/L were classified into the stress hyperglycemia group, and those with an FBG level >7.0 mmol/L were classified into the elevated FBG group. The Gensini scores in the stress hyperglycemia and elevated FBG groups were compared to those in the control group, and correlations between the RBG and FBG levels and the Gensini scores of AMI patients were evaluated. Independent risk factors for the Gensini score were analyzed by multiple linear and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results The Gensini scores of the stress hyperglycemia group and the elevated FBG group were higher than those of the control group. RBG and FBG were positively correlated with the Gensini score, and there were significant differences between RBG and FBG in different Gensini score groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex, diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and FBG were independent risk factors for the Gensini score. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age and FBG were independent risk factors in group 2 compared to group 1, eGFR and FBG were independent risk factors in group 3, and eGFR and FBG were independent risk factors in group 4. Diabetes and RBG were not independent risk factors for the Gensini score. Conclusion The Gensini scores of patients in the stress hyperglycemia group and the elevated FBG group were significantly higher than those in the control group. RBG and FBG were positively correlated with the Gensini score in AMI patients, and FBG was an independent risk factor for the Gensini score in AMI patients.