Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hofer's norm and disk translations in an annulus

Let D be a non-displaceable disk in an annulus A. Suppose that g is a compactly supported Hamiltonian which preserves D with translation number n. We show that Hofer's norm |g| is bounded from below by cn for a certain constant c. We also give example of such Hamiltonian which is more efficient than the obvious rotation of D.
An Overview of the Occupational Safety and Health Systems of Nigeria, UK, USA, Australia and China: Nigeria Being the Reference Case Study

This paper reviews the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) frameworks of Nigeria, UK, USA, Australia and China considering Nigeria as a representative developing country. The study looks at each of the five OSH regulatory and enforcement models against a range of performance themes with a view to uncovering strategic lessons for Nigeria and other developing nations. The study identifies some of the potential drivers behind the developments of the different OSH management frameworks. These drivers include robustness of the OSH laws, efficiency of the judicial system, degree of independence of the OSH enforcement agency, adequacy of financial budgets, good workforce-inspector ratio, accident history and activities of the civil/human right groups. Even though Nigeria is used as a reference case study, the observations and conclusions drawn are generic and applicable to typical developing countries. The paper may also be found beneficial by researchers looking to have a high level view of the OSH management frameworks of Nigeria, UK, USA, Australia and China. Although Nigeria is working to implement a new and more comprehensive OSH law, i.e. the Labour, Safety, Health and Welfare (LSHW) Bill (2012), this paper does not assess Nigeria’s current OSH standing against the provisions of LSHW Bill which is yet to be rolled out. (The second part of this bipartite series will address some of the key structural and potential implementation issues surrounding LSHW Bill).
Molecular density functional theory based on a hard particle reference potential

The aim of the current doctorate thesis is the development of a density functional theory (DFT) for classical intermolecular interactions. In the first part, we begin with an analysis of the structure of the grand-canonical potential and demonstrate that for pair potentials only two independent representations exists: the direct-correlation functional and its Legendre transformation with respect to the pair potential. Using far-reaching assumptions, this dual grand-canonical potential reduces to the free-energy functions of Flory-Huggins, Staverman-Guggenheim, and Guggenheim, from which again derive the lattice-models UNIQUAC, UNIFAC, and COSMO-RS. We conclude this first part by discussing possible generalizations of this approach to a continuum formulation. As is well known from quantum mechanics, the central problem of the DFT approach is the derivation of the functionals, which is further complicated for intermolecular interactions by their strongly repulsive potential. A well established approach is the separation of the potential into a flat but long-ranged contribution and the approximation of the repulsive part using the geometry of hard particles. In the second part of this work, we develop the necessary methods for the non-perturbative derivation of their corresponding hard-particle functionals. We first begin with a discussion of the fundamental measure theory and interpret the semiheuristic Rosenfeld functional as the leading order of an expansion in the number of intersection centers of the particles. For the generalization of the approach we demonstrate the equivalence between intersection configurations and classes of Ree-Hoover diagrams, whose sum defines a generic functional decoupling into a convolute of intersection kernels. Each such kernel determines the local intersection probability of a set of particles under the group of translations and rotations. For the case of two particles this result has been first derived by Blaschke, Santalo, and Chern. Here, we generalize their approach to an arbitrary set of particles and obtain a closed expression for the free-energy functional and the n-particle densities for any dimension. As examples, we derive the functional of the free energy for up to four intersection centers, whose leading order agrees with Rosenfeld’s result. We then calculate for the 2-particle density an upper limit of the contact probability for hard spheres, which is in excellent agreement with the result of Carnahan and Starling. Comparing the same level of approximation with Kirkwood’s superposition ansatz for correlation functions of higher orders, shows that the contact probability of spheres is significantly overestimated by the superposition approximation. Finally, we derive the leading perturbative corrections for long-range interactions. With the methods developed in the current work, the hard-particle interaction is now the only known example, whose density functionals can be derived systematically to any order of precision. We conclude our work with a discussion of possible applications in biology and chemistry.
ADDENDUM: Reconstructing the potential function and its derivatives using nodal data

We solve the inverse nodal problem of reconstructing the potential function q and its derivatives, as well as the boundary conditions of a Sturm-Liouville problem using the nodal points together with the integral average of q. All the algorithms have a first-order convergence rate. They seem to be useful in studying the smoothness of the potential function. Our method is based on the works of Shen, and can also work for other similar inverse nodal problems.
Electron Microscopic Evidence of Bacilliform Virus Infection in Kuruma Shrimp (Penaeus japonicus)

Beginning in the spring of 1993, a serious mortality among cultured kuruma shrimp, Penaeus japonicus occurred in Japan. The typical sign of this disease was white spots on the inside surface of the carapace. Challenge tests demonstrated that the causative agent was highly virulent. This was demonstrated by injection of a filtrered homogenate of the lymphoid organ obtained from diseased shrimp. A non-occluded bacilliform virus was found by electron microscopy in the lymphoid organ of both naturally and experimentally infected shrimps. The virion was bacilliform and surrounded by a virion envelope (a lipid bilayer membrane). The dimension of the virion was 83 nm in diameter and 275 nm in length. From these results, the bacilliform virus is considered to be the causative agent of the disease.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIGHTING SCHEDULES (16L:8D OR 12L:6D) ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF RABBIT DOES

The objective of the experiment was to compare the reproductive performance of rabbit does in a routine (16L:8D) and in proportionally shorter (18 hours) 12L:6D lighting regime. The experiment was conducted at the experimental rabbit farm of the Kaposvár University. Crossbred rabbit does were randomly housed in two identical rooms. Drinking water (from nipple drinkers) and commercial pellet were available ad libitum. The temperature varied between 14-28 C, depending on the season. The two rooms only differed in the lighting regime: 24h group = 16 hours light and 8 hours dark (n=54 does); 18h group = 12 hours light and 6 hours dark (n=54 does). Rabbit does were first inseminated at 16.5 weeks of age. AI was applied 11 d post partum (42 d reproductive rhythm, single batch system). Cross-fostering was applied within groups with max. 8 kits/litter at first kindling and max. 10 kits/litter at subsequent parities. Rabbit does could nurse their kits freely. Data of the first 5 consecutive reproductive cycles were evaluated. Body weight of the does at kindling, kindling rate, litter size at birth, at day 21 and 35 showed no significant differences among the groups. Mortality of the kits for the periods of 0-21 and 0-35 days were independent of the lighting schedule. Litter weight at day 21 and 35 was 4% lower in 18h group compared to the 24h group (P<0.05). Calculating the productivity index, the number of kits born alive and number of kits at day 35, per 100 AI, were 7.5% (813 vs. 757 kits) and 5.2% (714 vs. 679) higher in the 18h group compared to the 24h group. Considering the opposite tendencies of the kits’ body weight, the two groups did not differ for the total weight of the weaned rabbits per 100 AI (18h: 630 kg; 24h: 632 kg). Does survival did not differ significantly during the experimental period (83% and 81% in groups 18h and 24h, respectively, P=0.735). Reproductive performance of rabbit does housed in a routine (16L:8D = 24 hours) or proportionally shorter (12L:6D = 18 hours) lighting regime was similar.
Preliminary insights from a multiple case study on process modelling impact

Process modelling – the design and use of graphical documentations of an organisation’s business processes – is a key method to document and use information about business processes in organisational projects. Still, despite current interest in process modelling, this area of study still faces essential challenges. One of the key unanswered questions concerns the impact of process modelling in organisational practice. Process modelling initiatives call for tangible results in the form of returns on the substantial investments that organisations undertake to achieve improved processes. This study explores the impact of process model use on end-users and its contribution to organisational success. We posit that the use of conceptual models creates impact in organisational process teams. We also report on a set of case studies in which we explore tentative evidence for the development of impact of process model use. The results of this work provide a better understanding of process modelling impact from information practices and also lead to insights into how organisations should conduct process modelling initiatives in order to achieve an optimum return on their investment.
Privately Held or Publicly Owned? Large Shareholders and Corporate Control

This paper examines the decision to go public in the presence of large and dispersed shareholders. The decision to go public and the shape of the ownership structure itself depend on the particular combination of concentrated and dispersed ownership that maximizes the initial owners’ wealth. Owners/managers and large shareholders exert costly efforts to increase their share of the value of the public firm. The respective shares and the listing decision are affected by the efficiency of the judiciary and law enforcement system.
The Effects of Capital Structure on Firm's Profitability: Evidence from Kenya's Banking Sector

Capital structure is considered important corporate financial management context and is mainly related to the establishment of an ideal debt policy. The determination of a company’s capital structure constitutes a difficult decision, one that involves several and antagonistic factors, such as risk and profitability. Despite of substantial theoretical developments in the field of corporate finance over the past several decades, the rift between theory and practice still needs to be reconciled. This paper empirically investigates the relationship between capital structure and the firm’s profitability of banking industry in Kenya, by using panel data extracted from the financial statements of the companies listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange from year 2004-2012.The rationale behind the industry specific analysis is the fact that exogenous variables appear to force institutions in the same industry in similar fashion, thus leading to the existence of an industry specific capital structure. It is found that a significant positive relationship exists between the short term debt and profitability and statistically significant negative relationship between long term debt and profitability. The results are partially consistent with the previous studies as the negative relationship between long term debt and the firm performance tends to sport the dominant pecking order theory. The association of short term debt and the financial performance in contrast attests the static trade-off theory. Total debt as a whole has no association with the firm’s performance because of the inherited different characteristics of short term debt and long term debt. Key words: Capital Structure, Profitability, Banking industry, Exogenous variables
CHANGES IN MENTAL HEALTH AND SATISFACTION WITH LIFE DURING PHYSICAL INACTIVITY INDUCED BY BED REST EXPERIMENT

Simulated weightlessness by bed rest model represents an important method to study the consequences of physical inactivity and sedentarism on the human body. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of prolonged physical inactivity on psychological distress, depressive symptoms and satisfaction with life of healthy male adults. Participants were ten volunteers, aged between 21 and 28 years who were subjected to a 35-day head-down bed rest. Psychological state of the participants was measured with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Participants completed psychological inventories before, during and after the experiment. The results revealed no significant differences in mental health and satisfaction with life of participants following the head-down bed rest, however there was a tendency towards an increase in neurotic and depressive symptoms at the end of the experiment. The obtained results are interpreted in the light of stimulative living conditions in which the experiment was carried out, as well as the amount and quality of social interactions during the period of extended physical inactivity.
SemCluster : Clustering of Programming Assignments based on Quantitative Semantic Features

A fundamental challenge in automated reasoning about programming assignments at scale is clustering student submissions based on their underlying algorithms. State-of-theart clustering techniques are sensitive to control structure variations, cannot cluster buggy solutions with similar correct solutions, and either require expensive pair-wise program analyses or training efforts. We propose a novel technique that can cluster assignments based on their algorithmic essence: (A) how the input space is partitioned into equivalence classes and (B) how the problem is uniquely addressed within individual equivalence classes. We capture these algorithmic aspects as two quantitative semantic program features that are merged into a program’s vector representation. Programs are then clustered using their vector representations. The computation of our first semantic feature leverages model counting to identify the number of inputs belonging to an input equivalence class. The computation of our second semantic feature abstracts the program’s data flow by tracking the number of occurrences of a unique pair of consecutive values of a variable during its lifetime. The comprehensive evaluation of our tool SemCluster shows that SemCluster (1) generates far fewer clusters than other clustering techniques, (2) precisely identifies distinct solution strategies, and, (3) boosts the performance of automated feedback generation, all within a reasonable amount of time.
Longevity of sperm cells retrieved by post mortem epididymal aspiration in wild bovids in zoo conditions

The conservation of endangered wildlife species may depend on the development of assisted reproductive technologies, and work in this field has focused on epididymal sperm conservation. Epididymes from wild Bovidae (24 individuals from 13 species) kept in captivity at the Reserve Africaine de Sigean (France) were collected quickly after death and stored at +4° C. Sperm motility, viability and morphology were regularly examined at various time intervals. Sperm motility and viability were significantly lower after several days ( P 0.05). The most represented morphology was sperm cells with a cytoplasmic droplet. Head and flagellum abnormalities and sperm cells without a flagellum increased during low-temperature storage, significantly after several days. Epididymal sperm quality appeared independent of seasonality. This work is the first report of this technique in zoo conditions with limited equipment, and the data obtained matches previously published results. About 30% of epididymal sperm survived for three days at +4° C and almost 10% survived for five days, and it should be possible to use these sperm cells in some assisted reproductive technologies several days after the animal’s death.
Orbital IgG4 Related Disease (IgG4RD): Incidence and Accompanying Histological Features Using the Latest Consensus Criteria

Purpose: Orbital Immunoglobulin 4 (IgG4) related disease (IgG4RD) is a fibro-inflammatory condition that mimics sclerosing orbital inflammatory disease (OID). The recently published IgG4RD consensus criteria included its defining histological features. Using the published criteria, this study aims to describe the frequency of orbital IgG4RD and its histological features in OID biopsies over a 1 year period. Method: Thirty-seven consecutive orbital biopsies for OID over 1 year were prospectively examined for the features of fibrosis, inflammation, and vasculitis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluation was performed when significant fibrosis and/or lymphoplasmacytic inflammation ( >25% of the biopsy section) was present. Results: Ten of 37 (27%) orbital biopsies showed significant fibrosis and/ or lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with the remaining cases showing only non-specific chronic inflammation or reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Only 3 cases (30%) fulfilled the IgG4RD consensus criteria. The histological patterns included sclerosing dacroadenitis, sclerosing xanthogranulomatous orbital inflammation, and eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis. Storiform fibrosis was the most common histological feature present (70%), followed by dense lymphoplasmacytic inflammation (60%). When both are present, an almost 2-fold elevation of tissue IgG4 plasma cells and ratio above the diagnostic cut-off was detected. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation and eosinophilia were occasionally present. Conclusions: Using the consensus criteria, IgG4RD was diagnosed in 30% of our orbital biopsies with significant fibrosis and/ or inflammation and 11% of all OID biopsied in 1 year. Although the storiform fibrosis and lymphplasmacytic inflammation was most commonly seen, associated eosinophilia and xanthogranulomatous inflammation may also be seen in IgG4RD.
A survey of neonatal suction techniques performed by registered nurses

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the suction practices of the registered nurse in the neonatal intensive care unit. Design. A descriptive research design was used to describe the suctioning practices of the registered nurse providing care to the neonatal patient. Method. Data were collected through the use of demographic and knowledge questionnaires. Frequency and percentages of responses were determined. The independent samples t test was used to determine what, if any, differences in practice existed based upon nursing education, nursing experience, or NICU experience. Findings. The results of this study demonstrated that the current practices were not always based upon current research findings. No significant differences (p # .05) were found to exist based upon nursing education, nursing experience, or NICU experience. Conclusion. Further research is needed to determine both the safety and efficacy of these interventions upon the neonatal population. A Survey of Neonatal Suction Techniques by Registered Nurses iii Table of
FIXED POINTS OF ASYMPTOTICALLY NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS IN THE INTERMEDIATE SENSE IN CAT(0) SPACES

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the demiclosed principle, the existence theorems and convergence theorems in CAT(0) spaces for a class of mappings which is essentially wider than that of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. The structure of fixed point set of such mappings is also studied. Our results generalize, unify and extend several comparable results in the existing literature.
What Makes an MMORPG Leader? A Social Cognitive Theory-Based Approach to Understanding the Formation of Leadership Capabilities in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games

Using Bandura’s (1986) Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and McCormick’s (2001) SCT-applied models of leadership, we aimed to understand the complex processes of leadership development in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG) environments. Using in-depth interview data from 20 Singaporean World of Warcraft players, we examined how environmental factors (e.g. game design, communication, and collaboration structures), personal factors (e.g. self-efficacy), and gaming behaviour affect the development of leadership capabilities. The findings suggest that Bandura’s and McCormick’s frameworks are useful in explaining how these factors contribute to leadership development, with some examples including: 1) game designs that allow for formalised leadership roles can create better opportunities for leadership development, and 2) self-efficacy, an important trait for leadership development, can be cultivated through confidence gained by reinforcing knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) through repeated application of these KSAs in similar situations. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
REAL RIGIDITIES AND OPTIMAL STABILIZATION AT THE ZERO LOWER BOUND IN NEW KEYNESIAN ECONOMIES

The paper revisits the literature on real rigidities in New Keynesian models in the context of an economy at the zero lower bound. It identifies strategic interaction among price- and wage-setting agents in the economy as an important determinant of both optimal policy and economic dynamics in deep recessions. In particular, labor market segmentation is shown to have a significant influence on the length of the forward commitment to keep interest rates at zero, the magnitude of the fiscal policy responses as well as inflation volatility in the economy under optimal policy.
Oil products Consumption, Electricity Consumption - Economic growth Nexus in the Economy of Iran: A Bounds Testing Co-integration Approach

In this study we investigate the inter-temporal causal relationship among Economic growth, Oil products consumption, Electricity consumption and Price (intermittent variable) during 19732006. We employ the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)-Bounds Testing approach by Pesaran et al (2001). The result of bounds test shows that there is long run co-integration among economic growth, Price, Oil products consumption and economic growth, Price, Electricity consumption. Also the result shows that there is unidirectional casual effect of Oil products consumption and Electricity consumption on economic growth and the impact of these two variables on economic growth in long run is negative. Hence, waste and deficient of oil product consumption and electricity consumption in long run are a deterrent for economic growth in Iran’s economy. Thus, energy saving policies should be selected by policymakers in Iran’s economy.