Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reference Gene Selection in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and Their Normalization Impact on Gene Expression in RNAi Studies

Abstract Phenacoccus solenopsis, the cotton mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is one of the major cotton pests in India. Scanty information is available on molecular studies in this insect due to limited genomic or transcriptomic sequence data. With advancement in sequencing technology, enormous genomic and sequencing data are being generated, and RNAi studies are being undertaken in insects, which require reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction evaluation. These gene expression studies require normalization of mRNA levels with reference genes to account for sample variability. To supplement the molecular studies in this insect, candidate reference genes were identified and evaluated for their expression stability across various developmental stages and starvation stress. Fourteen candidate reference genes including several commonly used ones were investigated across five different stages and under starvation stress using four different statistical algorithms (NormFinder, genNorm, BestKeeper, and RefFinder). Based on this analysis, GST (third, fourth, and adult stage), Actin (Crawler, second instar), TFIID (starvation stress), SDHA, and 28s were identified as best reference genes for expression studies in mealybug.
Video Frame Interpolation and Extrapolation

Deep learning has shown great potential in image generation, such as texture synthesis, style transfer and generative adversarial model. In our project, we use auto-encoder network and feature fusion model to generate interpolated and extrapolated video frames. We show that for frame generation, making networks fuse and learn from feature space given frames is of great significance. An auto-encoder network is used to extract features from given frames. Each layer generated by auto-encoder of two input frames are fused by another convolutional neural networks, in order to predict object motion and frame shift and generate predicted frame. We also use the sum of l2 loss on each feature layer in autoencoder network of predicted and true frames. Our results surpass the performance of beyond MSE model in [9].
Protective Role of Coriandrum sativum Seed Extract against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Liver and Kidney

Lead (Pb) is a well-known multi-organ toxicant and it damages liver and kidney. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the therapeutic role of Coriandrum sativum seed extract against lead-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney. Male rats were divided into four groups: control (1000 ppm sodium acetate) and exposed (1000 ppm lead acetate) for 4 weeks; Coriandrum sativumtreated 1 (CST1) 250 mg/kg body weight/day and Coriandrum sativum-treated 2 (CST2) 500 mg/kg body weight/day (CST2) received separately the hydro-alcoholic seed extract of Coriandrum sativum for seven consecutive days after 4 weeks of lead exposure. After exposure and treatment periods, rats were sacrificed and the liver and kidney were isolated in all the groups. Blood was immediately stored at 4°C in heparinized vials. In liver and kidney, the reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation products (LPP) and total protein carbonyl content (TPCC) were estimated following standard protocols. Delta-ALAD activity (δ-ALAD), Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and mean cell volume (MCV) were determined in blood. The data suggested a significant (p<0.05) increase in ROS, LPP and TPCC of liver and kidney in the exposed group compared with their respective controls. ROS levels were high in kidney than in liver of lead exposed group. Though the recovery was similar in both the organs, CST2 group showed higherrecovery than that of CST1 group. The maximum recovery for LPP was seen in CST2 treated kidney restoring back to normal levels. Maximum increase in TPCC levels was found in exposed kidney than in liver. Whereas recovery for TPCC was partial in liver of CST1 group but complete in liver of CST2. Delta-ALAD activity, Hb, RBC, WBC and MCV showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in exposed group. However, upon treatment with Coriandrum sativum, CST1 group showed partial restoration in some hematological parameters. Whereas, CST2 group showed restoration of deranged hematological parameters back to control. In conclusion, these results suggest that the seed extract of Coriandrum sativum might reduce the leadinduced oxidative stress organ specifically by its antioxidant and metal chelating activity and the mechanism needs to be studied further.
Structural properties of AlN films deposited by plasma‐enhanced atomic layer deposition at different growth temperatures

Crystalline aluminum nitride (AlN) films have been prepared by plasma‐enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) within the temperature range from 100 to 500 °C. A self‐limiting, constant growth rate per cycle temperature window (100–200 °C) was established which is the major characteristic of an ALD process. At higher temperatures (>225 °C), deposition rate increased with temperature. Chemical composition, crystallinity, surface morphology, mass density, and spectral refractive index were studied for AlN films. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses indicated that besides main AlN bond, the films contained AlON, AlO complexes, and AlAl metallic aluminum bonds as well. Crystalline hexagonal AlN films were obtained at remarkably low growth temperatures. The mass density increased from 2.65 to 2.96 g/cm3 and refractive index of the films increased from 1.88 to 2.08 at 533 nm for film growth temperatures of 100 and 500 °C, respectively.
Serum osteocalcin levels and bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats

Objective: This study aims to investigate ovariectomy effect on serum osteocalcin levels and bone mineral density in rats. Methods: Forty five female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 15 rats per group): sham-operated control, Ovariectomized, and Ovariectomized plus estrogen. After 3 months of experiment, rats were killed by decapitation after a 12 hour fast, obtained serum from rats' blood sample was kept at –80°C. For all groups of rats, serum osteocalcin levels were measured by ELISA. The rats' left femoral bone mineral density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Weights and lengths of the left femur were measured with electronic balance and Vernier caliper respectively. Results: This study revealed an increase in serum osteocalcin levels in ovariectomized rats and in ovariectomized plus estrogen rats, alongside decrease in left distal femur bone mineral density in both groups was observed when compared to the control. The mean values of both serum osteocalcin and bone mineral density between the ovariectomized rats and the control were statistically significant. Estrogen administration in ovariectomized rats showed no significant changes in both serum osteocalcin levels and bone mineral density. Conclusion: This study concludes that estrogen-deficiency by ovariectomy induces an increase in bone turnover with higher serum osteocalcin levels in ovariectomized rats and that the combination of serum osteocalcin levels and bone mineral density measurement may be a better predictor of the fracture risk.
Voltammetry and Single-Molecule in Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Laccases and Bilirubin Oxidase in Electrocatalytic Dioxygen Reduction on Au(111) Single-Crystal Electrodes

Laccases (E.C. 1.10.3.2) are multicopper oxidases catalytically active in the oxidation of diphenolics and related compounds by molecular dioxygen. The laccases contain a single-copper type I center and a trinuclear cluster of a single-copper type II and a dinuclear type III center. The oxidation of four equivalents of substrate near the type I copper and the sequential transfer of electrons to the trinuclear cluster are coupled with four-electron reduction of O2 to H2O at the latter site. Extensive efforts have been given to kinetic and structural characterization of numerous laccases to elucidate the catalytic mechanism, where laccase (sub)monolayer voltammetry has been a core approach. In this report, we address voltammetry and electrocatalysis of O2 reduction of (sub)monolayers of several laccases in new ways. These are based on the use of single-crystal, atomically planar bare Au(111)-electrode surfaces or surfaces modified by thiol-based self-assembled molecular monolayers. These well-defined surfac.
THE AUTOMORPHISMS OF THE HOLOMORPH OF A FINITE ABELIAN GROUP

group of odd order has only inner automorphisms. The group of automorphisms of the holomorph of an arbitrary group was studied by Gol'fand [3] who found some cases in which the outer automorphism group has order one or two. In the present paper I determine explicitly the outer automorphism group 0 of the holomorph H of an arbitrary finite abelian group G. If G is the direct product of a group of odd order, a group of order two, and a cyclic group of order 2n where n> 2, then 0 is the direct product of a finite number of groups of order two and a non-abelian group 0* of order six or eight. If n =2 then 0 * is isomorphic to the symmetric group of order six, and if n >3 then 0* is the octic group. In all other cases 0 is either trivial or the direct product of a finite number of groups of order two. Let A be the group of all automorphisms of the finite abelian group G, let GB be the group of all automorphisms of H that map G onto itself, and let g be the group of all inner automorphisms of H. Then (B3/J can be identified with the first cohomology group H'(A, G). Thus H'(A, G) can be regarded as a subgroup of 0. Now G is an ilnvariant subgroup of H, and it is known [6] that H has at most four invariant subgroups isomorphic to G. It follows that H'(A, G) has index at most four in 0.
Effects of 17 β-estradiol and Progesterone on Acropora cervicornis and Porites astreoides Growth and Reproduction

1 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Problem Statement.2 1.2 Sources of Contamination.4 1.3 Sex Steroids.7 1.4 Sex Steroids in Marine Organisms.10 1.5 Steroid Metabolism.13 1.6 Effects of Sex Steroids.16 1.7 Study Species.21 1.8 Objectives.22 Chapter 2: “Does exposure to 17 β-estradiol and progesterone influence growth and reproduction of two scleractinian corals? ” 2.
Evaluating the Predictability of Exchange Rates Using Long-Horizon Regressions: Mind Your p 's and q 's!

Since the breakdown of the Bretton Woods agreement, researchers have used a wide variety of structural models to try to predict exchange rate movements. Unfortunately, finding consistent evidence that these models outperform a random walk has proven elusive. In this paper, we investigate the impact different methods of inference may have had on these conclusions. Using p-values based on recently developed tests of forecast accuracy and encompassing, as well as q-values designed to mitigate multiple testing problems, we provide stronger evidence consistent with these models having superior predictive ability. Our results suggest that previous studies' inability to detect predictive ability may have been influenced by the statistics used and the manner in which they were employed.
Investigation of a novel variable dosing protocol for radioiodine treatment of feline hyperthyroidism

Background Radioiodine is the treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism in cats. The ideal method of dose determination of radioiodine remains controversial. Objective To compare a method of radioiodine dose determination that utilized thyroid scintigraphy with a standard fixed dose for treatment of hyperthyroidism. Animals Fifty‐seven and 23 client‐owned hyperthyroid cats in the variable and fixed dose groups, respectively. Methods Cats with a percent dose uptake using 99mTc‐pertechnetate uptake on thyroid scintigraphy <5%, 5%‐10%, and >10% were to receive 3, 3.5, or 4.5 millicuries (mCi) of radioiodine, respectively, administered SC. Radioiodine dose was adjusted according to thyroid gland size as determined by the thyroid:salivary size ratio and categorized as <5:1, 5‐10:1, and >10:1. If the thyroid size fell into a higher dosing category than the percent dose uptake, the dose was increased accordingly. Cats in the fixed dose group received 4.5 mCi. Six months after treatment, cats were determined to be euthyroid, hypothyroid, or hyperthyroid based on serum thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations. Results No difference in outcome was found between the variable and fixed dose treatment groups. Euthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and persistent hyperthyroidism developed in 61, 30, and 9% of cats in the fixed dose group compared to 58, 26, and 16%, respectively, in the variable dose group. Conclusions A variable dosing method of radioiodine based on percent dose uptake primarily and thyroid gland size secondarily did not improve outcome compared to a standard fixed dose method.
Futile inter-hospital transfer for mechanical thrombectomy in a semi-rural context: analysis of a 6-year prospective registry

Background and purpose Inter-hospital transfer for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) might result in the transfer of patients who finally will not undergo MT (ie, futile transfers [FT]). This study evaluated FT frequency in a primary stroke center (PSC) in a semi-rural area and at 156 km from the comprehensive stroke center (CSC). Methodology Retrospective analysis of data collected in a 6-year prospective registry concerning patients admitted to our PSC within 4.5 hours of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) symptom onset, with MR angiography indicating the presence of large vessel occlusion (LVO) without large cerebral infarction (DWI-ASPECT ≥5), and selected for transfer to the CSC to undergo MT. Futile transfer rate and reasons were determined, and the relevant time measures recorded. Results Among the 529 patients screened for MT, 278 (52.6%) were transferred to the CSC. Futile transfer rate was 45% (n=125/278) and the three main reasons for FT were: clinical improvement and reperfusion on MRI on arrival at the CSC (58.4% of FT); clinical worsening and/or infarct growth (16.8%); and longer than expected inter-hospital transfer time (11.2%). Predictive factors of FT due to clinical improvement/reperfusion on MRI could not be identified. Baseline higher NIHSS (21 vs 17; P=0.01) and lower DWI-ASPECT score (5 vs 7; P=0.001) were associated with FT due to clinical worsening/infarct growth on MRI. Conclusions In our setting, 45% of transfers for MT were futile. None of the baseline factors could predict FT, but the initial symptom severity was associated with FT caused byclinical worsening/infarct growth.
Five-Year Risk of Cervical Precancer Following p16/Ki-67 Dual-Stain Triage of HPV-Positive Women

Importance As cervical cancer screening transitions to primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, effective triage and management of HPV-positive women is critical to avoid unnecessary colposcopy referral and associated harms while maintaining high sensitivity for cervical precancer. Triage with p16/Ki-67 dual-stain (DS) testing has shown high sensitivity and specificity for detection of cervical precancers; however, longitudinal studies are needed to determine the long-term risk of precancer following a negative DS result. Objective To evaluate the longitudinal performance of p16/Ki-67 DS triage for detection of cervical precancer in HPV-positive women over 5 years of follow-up in the context of clinical management thresholds. Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective cohort study of HPV-positive women 30 years or older undergoing routine cervical cancer screening in 2012 with HPV and Papanicolaou (hereinafter “cytology”) co-testing within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health care system. Follow-up of medical records was conducted through 2017. Exposures All p16/Ki-67 DS testing was performed on residual SurePath material, and slides were evaluated for p16/Ki-67 positivity. Main Outcomes and Measures Histological end points were ascertained from the clinical database through 2017. We estimated 5-year cumulative risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades of 2 or worse (≥CIN2) or grades 3 or worse (≥CIN3) by baseline DS and cytology at yearly intervals using Logistic Weibull models. Risks were compared with clinical management thresholds for colposcopy referral and a 1-year return interval. Results Among the 1549 HPV-positive women in this study, the mean age at enrollment was 42.2 years, and the median follow-up time was 3.7 years (range, 0.2-5.4 years). Positive DS results were associated with significantly higher cumulative 5-year risks of ≥CIN2 compared with abnormal cytology (31.0%; 95% CI, 27.2%-35.3% vs 25.0%; 95% CI, 21.7%-28.7%; P = .03). Women with DS-negative findings had significantly lower 5-year risks of ≥CIN2 compared with women with normal cytology (8.5%; 95% CI, 6.5%-11.1% vs 12.3%; 95% CI, 9.8%-15.4%; P = .04). In DS-negative women, the risks of both ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3 remained below the colposcopy referral threshold for all 5 years, crossing the 1-year return threshold at 3 years. Conclusions and Relevance Triage with p16/Ki-67 DS provides better long-term risk stratification than cytology over 5 years. The low risk of cervical precancer in p16/Ki-67 DS–negative women permits safe extension of follow-up intervals for 3 years.
The Coastal Modeling System Flow Model (CMS-Flow): Past and Present

Abstract CMS-Flow is a coupled time-dependent circulation, sediment transport and morphodynamic model based on the numerical solution of the mass, momentum and transport equations on a Cartesian (quad-tree) grid network with both explicit and implicit solvers. It has been developed and is currently supported under the Coastal Inlets Research Program (CIRP) conducted at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL). The model's primary function is to support multi-disciplinary research teams and conduct practical projects at coastal inlets. CMS-Flow has been designed with a relatively simple code structure which allows for rapid development and inclusion of new sediment transport algorithms, while always being accessible to the general modeling community, including both USACE and commercial users. Today, CMS-Flow is an integral component of the CIRP, providing technology for simulating hydrodynamics, waves, sediment transport and morphology for short and long timeframes in coastal inlets, adjacent beaches, navigation channels and bays.
Associations of Gestational Glucose Tolerance With Offspring Body Composition and Estimated Insulin Resistance in Early Adolescence

Although studies suggest that hyperglycemia during pregnancy is associated with offspring adiposity (1) and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (2), the latter outcome has been investigated in a small number of studies and in atypical populations. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and child’s adiposity is independent of parental weight status (1). We aimed to examine the associations of maternal gestational glucose tolerance with adiposity and estimated insulin resistance (IR) in early adolescence. We hypothesized that previously reported sex-specific associations of gestational glucose tolerance with mid-childhood adiposity would persist in early adolescence. We studied participants from the Project Viva cohort (initial cohort N = 2,128 mother-child pairs; NCT02820402; www.hms.harvard.edu/viva/) (3). The study was approved by the institutional review board of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, and participants provided written informed consent. We included in this analysis 880 mother-child pairs, without pregestational diabetes, with available exposure and covariates, and with at least one outcome in early adolescence. We assessed gestational glucose tolerance using a nonfasting 50-g 1-h glucose challenge test (GCT) followed, if abnormal, by a 100-g 3-h oral …
Smoothness, Earnings Surprise and Stock Price Informativeness. Evidence from Indian Stock Market

We examine the relationship between stock price synchronicity and earnings quality. We specifically used earning surprise and smoothness as proxy of earnings quality. Data were collected from companies listed in Bombay stock exchange in BSE 500. Our sample period ranges from 2006 to 2012. We employed panel data regression model using pooled OLS with standard error robust. We find that there is significant negative relationship between earnings surprise and stock price synchronicity. This finding is indicates that earnings surprise improves stock price informativeness. Finally, we find that there is no significance relationship between smoothness and stock price synchronicity. Therefore, smoothness of earnings does not influence stock price informativeness. The present study adds to new insight of the relationship between stock price informativeness and earnings quality proxies from emerging market particular India.
Psychopathologic structure of bipolar disorders: exploring dimensional phenotypes, their relationships, and their associations with bipolar I and II disorders

Abstract Background Given its diverse disease courses and symptom presentations, multiple phenotype dimensions with different biological underpinnings are expected with bipolar disorders (BPs). In this study, we aimed to identify lifetime BP psychopathology dimensions. We also explored the differing associations with bipolar I (BP-I) and bipolar II (BP-II) disorders. Methods We included a total of 307 subjects with BPs in the analysis. For the factor analysis, we chose six variables related to clinical courses, 29 indicators covering lifetime symptoms of mood episodes, and 6 specific comorbid conditions. To determine the relationships among the identified phenotypic dimensions and their effects on differentiating BP subtypes, we applied structural equation modeling. Results We selected a six-factor solution through scree plot, Velicer's minimum average partial test, and face validity evaluations; the six factors were cyclicity, depression, atypical vegetative symptoms, elation, psychotic/irritable mania, and comorbidity. In the path analysis, five factors excluding atypical vegetative symptoms were associated with one another. Cyclicity, depression, and comorbidity had positive associations, and they correlated negatively with psychotic/irritable mania; elation showed positive correlations with cyclicity and psychotic/irritable mania. Depression, cyclicity, and comorbidity were stronger in BP-II than in BP-I, and they contributed significantly to the distinction between the two disorders. Conclusions We identified six phenotype dimensions; in addition to symptom features of manic and depressive episodes, various comorbidities and high cyclicity constructed separate dimensions. Except for atypical vegetative symptoms, all factors showed a complex interdependency and played roles in discriminating BP-II from BP-I.
On Kinematic Substructure in the Sextans Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

We present multifiber echelle radial velocity results for 551 stars in the Sextans dwarf spheroidal galaxy and identify 294 stars as probable Sextans members. The projected velocity dispersion profile of the binned data remains flat to a maximum angular radius of 30'. We introduce a nonparametric technique for estimating the projected velocity dispersion surface and use this to search for kinematic substructure. Our data do not confirm previous reports of a kinematically distinct stellar population at the Sextans center. Instead we detect a region near the Sextans core radius that is kinematically colder than the overall Sextans sample with 95% confidence.