Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Negative emotionality and externalizing problems in toddlerhood: Overreactive parenting as a moderator of genetic influences

Abstract The current study examines the interplay between parental overreactivity and children's genetic backgrounds as inferred from birth parent characteristics on the development of negative emotionality during infancy, and in turn, to individual differences in externalizing problems in toddlerhood. The sample included 361 families linked through adoption (birth parents and adoptive families). Data were collected when the children were 9, 18, and 27 months old. Results indicated links between individual levels and changes in negative emotionality during infancy and toddlerhood to externalizing problems early in the third year of life. Findings also revealed an interaction between birth mother negative affect and adoptive mother overreactive parenting on children's negative emotionality. This Genotype × Environment interaction predicted externalizing problems indirectly through its association with negative emotionality and revealed stronger effects of genetic risk for children with less overreactive parenting from their mothers. Limitations of this study and directions for future research are discussed.
Effects of combined quercetin and coenzyme Q10 treatment on oxidative stress in normal and diabetic rats

Reactive oxygen species may be actively involved in the genesis of various pathological states such as ischemia‐reperfusion injury, cancer, and diabetes. Our objective was to determine if subacute treatment with combined antioxidants quercetin and coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg/day ip for 14 days) affects the activities of antioxidant enzymes in normal and 30‐day streptozotocin‐induced diabetic Sprague‐Dawley rats. Quercetin treatment raised blood glucose concentrations in normal and diabetic rats, whereas treatment with coenzyme Q10 did not. Liver, kidney, heart, and brain tissues were excised and the activities of catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and concentrations of oxidized and reduced glutathione were determined. In the liver of diabetic rats, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and levels of both oxidized and reduced glutathione were significantly decreased from the nondiabetic control, and these effects were not reversed when antioxidants were administered. In kidney, glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly elevated in the diabetic rats as compared to nondiabetic rats, and antioxidant treatment did not return the enzyme activity to nondiabetic levels. In heart, catalase activity was increased in diabetic animals and restored to normal levels after combined treatment with quercetin and coenzyme Q10. Cardiac superoxide dismutase was lower than normal in quercetin‐ and quercetin + coenzyme Q10‐treated diabetic rats. There were no adverse effects on oxidative stress markers after treatment with quercetin or coenzyme Q10 singly or in combination. In spite of the elevation of glucose, quercetin may be effective in reversing some effects of diabetes, but the combination of quercetin + coenzyme Q10 did not increase effectiveness in reversing effects of diabetes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 16:197–202, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10035
Urine microscopy is associated with severity and worsening of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Serum creatinine concentration at the time of nephrology consultation is not necessarily indicative of the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI). Although urine microscopy is useful to differentiate AKI, its role in predicting adverse clinical outcomes has not been well described. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS The relationship between urine microscopy findings at the time of nephrology consultation for AKI and clinical outcomes was evaluated prospectively. A urinary sediment scoring system was created on the basis of the number of renal tubular epithelial cells and granular casts. The primary outcome was worsening of AKI (progressing to higher AKI Network stage, dialysis, or death) during hospitalization. RESULTS Of 249 patients consulted for AKI, 197 had acute tubular necrosis or prerenal AKI and were included in the analysis. At consultation, 80 (40%) had stage 1, 53 (27%) had stage 2, and 66 (33%) had stage 3 AKI. The urinary sediment combined scores were lowest in those with stage 1 and highest in stage 3 AKI. Seventy-nine patients (40%) experienced worsening of AKI from the time of consultation. The urinary scoring system was significantly associated with increased risk of worsening AKI (adjusted relative risk: 7.3; 95% confidence interval: 4.5 to 9.7 for worsening with score of > or =3 versus score of 0) and was more predictive than AKI Network stage at the time of consultation. CONCLUSIONS The urinary sediment score may be a useful tool to predict worsening of AKI due to either acute tubular necrosis or prerenal AKI during hospitalization.
Ovid's Amores: The Prime Sources for the Text

Within the increasingly complex picture which has emerged in recent years of the manuscript tradition of Ovid's Amores the relationship of the two earliest MSS appears to remain firm: cod. P or Puteaneus (Par. Lat. 8242) of the 9th or early 10th century, which begins at Am. 1.2. 51, was copied, probably directly, from the second half of the 9th-century cod. R or Regius (Par. Lat. 7311), whose first half now ends at Am. 1.2. 50. This view, which originates in S. Tafel's dissertation of 1910 and lies behind the stemma constructed by E. J. Kenney for his OCT edition of 1961 (p. vi), has come to be taken by Ovidian scholars (with the exception, however, of Munari, who left the question open) to be the truth. My purpose in this first section is to show that this idea is unlikely to be the truth and, in the form in which it has most strongly been put forward, cannot be the truth. In the second section consequences for the manuscript tradition as a whole are explored. First we shall need some details. P, the slightly later manuscript, consists in all of 99 folia, of which 1–54 contain most, but not all, of the Heroides — not all, because they are in a lacunose state, a point to which we shall return in greater detail later. Foll. 55–6 are blank sheets of paper, not parchment, clearly inserted at a much later date during rebinding.
Mobile Networks Experimental evaluation of a handover optimization solution for multimedia applications in a mobile IPv6 network

The EU IST project Moby Dick worked with the vision, shared by many other researchers, that Next Generation Networks will be based on IPv6 with mobility, security and quality of service (QoS) support. These networks will offer all kinds of services, including multimedia ones with real-time requirements, traditionally offered by circuit switched technologies. The IETF has finished the standardization of a solution for mobility in IPv6 networks: Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6). Additional protocols are being discussed to improve the performance of Mobile IPv6 to support real-time traffic during handovers; one of these proposals is Fast Handovers for MIPv6. This paper analyzes experimentally—using real implementations for Linux O.S. —the performance of MIPv6 and Fast Handovers for MIPv6, to study if the performance is acceptable for multimedia applications. Both quantitative measurements and results of quality perceived by users of IPv6 multimedia applications are provided, showing that Fast Handovers for MIPv6 approach is good enough even for multimedia applications with strict real-time requirements. Copyright © 2004 AEI.
Creating a Recollection-Based Memory Through Drawing

Drawing a picture of to-be-remembered information substantially boosts memory performance in free-recall tasks. In the current work, we sought to test the notion that drawing confers its benefit to memory performance by creating a detailed recollection of the encoding context. In Experiments 1 and 2, we demonstrated that for both pictures and words, items that were drawn by the participant at encoding were better recognized in a later test than were words that were written out. Moreover, participants’ source memory (in this experiment, correct identification of whether the word was drawn or written) was superior for items drawn relative to written at encoding. In Experiments 3A and 3B, we used a remember-know paradigm to demonstrate again that drawn words were better recognized than written words, and further showed that this effect was driven by a greater proportion of recollection-, rather than familiarity-based responses. Lastly, in Experiment 4 we implemented a response deadline procedure, and showed that when recognition responses were speeded, thereby reducing participants’ capacity for recollection, the benefit of drawing was substantially smaller. Taken together, our findings converge on the idea that drawing improves memory as a result of providing vivid contextual information which can be later called upon to aid retrieval.
Otodental dysplasia: a “new” ectodermal dysplasia

Otodental dysplasia is an ectodermal dysplasia characterized by abnormal crown morphology of the teeth and sensorineural hearing loss. It was documented in six generations of a kindred of Italian extraction. Thirty‐three of the 119 examined family members were affected. Twenty‐six persons had characteristic dental anomalies combined with a hearing loss. Two had the dental anomalies alone, four had a hearing loss only and one of those with dental anomalies could not be tested for hearing.
Health-related Quality of Life in Patients on Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis: a Meta-Analysis of Iranian Studies.

INTRODUCTION Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an index to calculate wellbeing of patients and is an important concept in patients with end-stage renal disease. There are many studies calculating HRQOL for patients on different treatment modalities of end-stage renal disease. Pooling reports from Iran, this systematic review aimed to measure the HRQOL in patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis using meta-analysis techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four databases including PubMed and Scopus in English and the SID and IranMedex in Persian were searched. Based on the inclusion criteria, 26 English and Persian-language articles reporting HRQOL in the scales between zero and 100 (or scales convertible to this range) for hemodialysis or PD were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS The mean HRQOL scores ranged between 34.40 and 69.16 for hemodialysis reports and between 38.00 and 65.70 for PD reports. The pooled quality of life scores for hemodialysis and PD were 52.257 and 52.722, respectively (t = 0.928, P = .36). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that HRQOL in patients using hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis were not significantly different. Similar studies in other countries had found similar results.
The role of pH and temperature in the development of Leishmania parasites.

Protozoans of the genus Leishmania are obligate intracellular parasites that cycle between the midgut of sandflies and the phagolysosomes of mammalian macrophages and therefore are exposed to extreme environmental changes. Recent evidence obtained from in vitro experiments indicate that such environmental changes trigger a developmental program in the parasites. Thus, following heat shock, promastigotes from certain Leishmania species differentiate to amastigotes. Promastigotes also respond to acidification of their environment by changing the expression of a number of genes. However, the combination of both low pH and high temperature induces the transformation of the promastigote to the amastigote in all Leishmania species examined to date. This review discusses the role of pH and heat shock in gene regulation and its contribution to the differentiation processes in Leishmania spp. Cycling between cold-blooded insect vectors and the warm-blooded mammalian host is not unique to Leishmania spp. , but typical to most parasitic protozoa. It is therefore likely that the mechanism of stress-induced differentiation is shared by other mammalian parasites.
Preschoolers’ vocabulary acquisition in Chile: the roles of socioeconomic status and quality of home environment

Abstract Preschoolers’ vocabulary acquisition sets the stage for later reading ability and school achievement. This study examined the role of socioeconomic status (SES) and the quality of the home environment of seventy-seven Chilean majority and Mapuche minority families from low and lower-middle-class backgrounds in explaining individual differences in vocabulary acquisition of their three-and-a-half-year-old children. Additionally, we investigated whether the relation between SES and receptive and expressive vocabulary was mediated by the quality of the home environment as the Family Investment Model suggests. The quality of the home environment significantly predicted receptive and expressive vocabulary above and beyond ethnicity, SES, parental caregiver status, and quantity of daycare. Furthermore, the quality of the home environment mediated the relation between SES and expressive and receptive vocabulary acquisition.
Impact of dietary tryptophan and behavioral type on growth performance and plasma amino acids of young pigs.

Tryptophan (TRP) content in the protein of the weaning diet was varied from deficient (.70 g/16 g N) to adequate (1.15 g/16 g N) and excess (1.60 g/16 g N) in diets fed to 108 pigs from d 5 to d 26 after weaning (W) and in 72 pigs from d 26 after weaning to slaughter (100 kg live weight) to assess immediate and long-term effects of TRP on performance. Daily weight gain and feed efficiency were improved when dietary TRP was increased from deficient to adequate (+60 and +40%, respectively). Concurrently, daily feed intake was elevated moderately (+15%). No further improvement was observed with excess TRP. In the low TRP group, gain/feed was significantly poorer up to 25 kg live weight, but this effect did not continue later. Although no compensatory growth could be shown in the group fed the deficient diet, growth retardation was very small (1.5%; P greater than .10) at slaughter. Early changes in TRP supply did not affect either carcass or meat quality. Behavioral reactivity, as determined on day W + 5 in an "open-field" test, did not affect early performance, but growth rate during the growing-finishing stage (3.2%) or the whole period (2.5%) was greater by nonemotional than by emotional pigs. Plasma amino acid contents in blood samples, withdrawn on day W + 15 (fed state) and W + 17 (fasted state), were consistent with the effect of TRP on growth rates. However, in the fasted state, a diet x reactivity interaction suggested that TRP removal from the plasma was less rapid in nonemotional than in emotional pigs. Furthermore, increased plasma concentrations of essential amino acids and urea in the latter group suggested that protein and amino acid catabolism was more rapid in emotional than in nonemotional pigs. These data are discussed relative to the effect of the behavioral type of pig on its TRP requirement.
Inhibition of TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis and Forced Internalization of TRAIL Receptor 1 by Adenovirus Proteins

ABSTRACT Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis through two receptors, TRAIL-R1 (also known as death receptor 4) and TRAIL-R2 (also known as death receptor 5), that are members of the TNF receptor superfamily of death domain-containing receptors. We show that human adenovirus type 5 encodes three proteins, named RID (previously named E3-10.4K/14.5K), E3-14.7K, and E1B-19K, that independently inhibit TRAIL-induced apoptosis of infected human cells. This conclusion was derived from studies using wild-type adenovirus, adenovirus replication-competent mutants that lack one or more of the RID,E3-14.7K, and E1B-19K genes, and adenovirus E1-minus replication-defective vectors that express all E3 genes, RID plus E3-14.7K only, RID only, or E3-14.7K only. RID inhibits TRAIL-induced apoptosis when cells are sensitized to TRAIL either by adenovirus infection or treatment with cycloheximide. RID induces the internalization of TRAIL-R1 from the cell surface, as shown by flow cytometry and indirect immunofluorescence for TRAIL-R1. TRAIL-R1 was internalized in distinct vesicles which are very likely to be endosomes and lysosomes. TRAIL-R1 is degraded, as indicated by the disappearance of the TRAIL-R1 immunofluorescence signal. Degradation was inhibited by bafilomycin A1, a drug that prevents acidification of vesicles and the sorting of receptors from late endosomes to lysosomes, implying that degradation occurs in lysosomes. RID was also shown previously to internalize and degrade another death domain receptor, Fas, and to prevent apoptosis through Fas and the TNF receptor. RID was shown previously to force the internalization and degradation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. E1B-19K was shown previously to block apoptosis through Fas, and both E1B-19K and E3-14.7K were found to prevent apoptosis through the TNF receptor. These findings suggest that the receptors for TRAIL, Fas ligand, and TNF play a role in limiting virus infections. The ability of adenovirus to inhibit killing through these receptors may prolong acute and persistent infections.
Tip force tracking control based on the tendon-sheath transmission model and 3D reconstruction of a long slender rescue robot

Tendon-sheath actuated mechanism is widely adopted in many applications such as robot hands and surgical devices due to its small size, simple structure and light weight. However, there exist a lot of factors including the compliance and friction between the tendon and sheath which may contribute to the nonlinearity of the tendon-sheath system. In addition, the absence of sensors at distal end also sets a limit to the application of tendon-sheath. In this paper, a tendon-sheath-driven robot for searching and rescuing is introduced and the transmission models of tendon-sheath system are proposed. 3D reconstruction of tendon-sheath system is utilized for the identification of parameters involved in the model. Two methods are presented according to whether the sensor information at distal end can be obtained or not. In order to make up for the nonlinearity of the system, the sliding control method is adopted. Despite of the lack of feedback information, a combination of inverse compensation and sliding mode control is put forward. Furthermore, a set of experiments are carried out in order to validate our proposed models and methods.
Release of multiple bubbles from cohesive sediments

Methane is a strong greenhouse gas, and marine and wetland sediments constitute significant sources to the atmosphere. This flux is dominated by the release of bubbles, and quantitative prediction of this bubble flux has been elusive because of the lack of a mechanistic model. Our previous work has shown that sediments behave as elastic fracturing solids during bubble growth and rise. We now further argue that bubbles can open previously formed, partially annealed, rise tracts (fractures) and that this mechanism can account for the observed preferential release at low tides in marine settings. When this mechanical model is applied to data from Cape Lookout Bight, NC (USA), the results indicate that methanogenic bubbles released at this site do indeed follow previously formed rise tracts and that the calculated release rates are entirely consistent with the rise of multiple bubbles on tidal time scales. Our model forms a basis for making predictions of future bubble fluxes from warming sediments under the influence of climate change.
Is compliance with hospital accreditation associated with length of stay and acute readmission? A Danish nationwide population-based study.

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between compliance with hospital accreditation and length of stay (LOS) and acute readmission (AR). DESIGN A nationwide population-based follow-up study from November 2009 to December 2012. SETTING Public, non-psychiatric Danish hospitals. PARTICIPANTS In-patients admitted with one of 80 diagnoses. INTERVENTION Accreditation by the first version of The Danish Healthcare Quality Programme. Using an on-site survey, surveyors assessed the level of compliance with the standards. The hospital was awarded either fully (n = 11) or partially accredited (n = 20). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES LOS including transfers between hospitals and all-cause AR within 30 days after discharge. The Cox Proportional Hazard regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for potential confounding factors and cluster effect at hospital level. RESULTS For analyses of LOS, 275 589 in-patients were included of whom 266 532 were discharged alive and included in the AR analyses. The mean LOS was 4.51 days (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.46-4.57) at fully and 4.54 days (95% CI: 4.50-4.57) at partially accredited hospitals, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, the adjusted HR for time to discharge was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.01-1.14). AR within 30 days after discharge was 13.70% (95% CI: 13.45-13.95) at fully and 12.72% (95% CI: 12.57-12.86) at partially accredited hospitals, respectively, corresponding to an adjusted HR of 1.01 (95% CI: 0.92-1.10). CONCLUSION Admissions at fully accredited hospitals were associated with a shorter LOS compared with admissions at partially accredited hospitals, although the difference was modest. No difference was observed in AR within 30 days after discharge.
Outcome in 146 patients with paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia treated according to the AML99 protocol in the period 2003–06 from the Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study

The acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) 99 trial conducted previously in Japan for the treatment of de novo paediatric AML showed excellent results, with a 5‐year overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) of 75·6% and 61·6%, respectively. To examine reproducibility of these results in another cohort, the outcome of 146 newly diagnosed AML paediatric patients prospectively registered in the Japan Association of Childhood Leukaemia Study (JACLS) from 2003 to 2006 was compared to that of 240 patients in the original AML 99 clinical trial. The 5‐year EFS and OS achieved in the new cohort was 66·7 ± 4·0% and 77·7 ± 8·0% respectively, which were comparable to those obtained in the original AML 99 clinical trial, although less frequent core‐binding factor (CBF) AML (29·5% vs. 37%) and an almost equal frequency of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) during first complete remission (16·5% vs. 19%) were observed. The 5‐year EFS in patients with a normal karyotype (NK) (n = 35, 54·9 ± 15·1%) was inferior in the present cohort when compared to the original AML99 trial. This study confirmed the excellent outcome of the original AML99 protocol.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Applications in Cardiac Critical Care

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO) in cardiac critical care has steadily increased over the past decade. Significant improvements in the technology associated with ECMO have propagated this recent resurgence and contributed to improved patient outcomes in the fields of cardiac and transplant (heart and lung) surgery. Specifically, ECMO is being increasingly utilized as a bridge to heart and lung transplantation, as well as to ventricular assist device placement. ECMO is also employed during the administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, known as extracorporeal life support. In this review, we examine the recent literature regarding the applications of ECMO and also describe emerging topics involving current ECMO management strategies.