Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ERa-Dependent E2F Transcription Can Mediate Resistance to Estrogen Deprivation in Human Breast Cancer

Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Cancer Biology, Medicine, Biostatistics, Radiology and Radiological Sciences, and Pathology; Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; Institute of Imaging Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Breakthrough Breast Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, and Academic Department of Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Oncology Disease Area, Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Breast Medical Oncology and Systems Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Breast Research Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Discovery Online (http://www.cancerdiscovery.aacrjournals.org).
2 4 F eb 2 01 5 Radiative heat transfer in nonlinear Kerr media

We obtain a fluctuation–dissipation theorem describing the rmal electromagnetic fluctuation effects in nonlinear media that we exploit in conjunction with a stochastic La ngevin framework to study thermal radiation from Kerr (χ) photonic cavities coupled to external environments at and out of equilibrium. We show that that in addition to thermal broadening due to two-photon absorptio n, the emissivity of such cavities can exhibit asymmetric, non-Lorentzian lineshapes due to self-phase modul ation. When the local temperature of the cavity is larger than that of the external bath, we find that the heat tra nsfer into the bath exceeds the radiation from a corresponding linear black body at the same local temperature. We predict that these temperature-tunable thermal processes can be observed in practical, nanophotonic cavit ies operating at relatively small temperatures.
Uridine Diphospho‐α‐D‐gluco‐hexodialdose: Synthesis and Kinetic Competence in the Reaction Catalyzed by UDP‐Glucose Dehydrogenase

tion is used in the liver to tag waste metabolites for excretion,"] and in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans such as heparinr3] and hyaluronic acid. [41 In many strains of pathogenic bacteria, such as group A s t rep toc~cc i~~] and Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3,r61 it provides glucuronic acid, which is used in the construction of an antiphagocytic capsule. This capsule allows the bacteria to evade the immune system of the host and is thus responsible for their v i r ~ l e n c e . ~ ~ UDP-glucose dehydrogenase belongs to a small class of enzymes that are capable of carrying out the twofold oxidation of an alcohol to an acid without the release of an aldehyde intermediate. ['] The putative intermediate, uridine diphospho-a-Dgluco-hexodialdose (l), has therefore never been detected nor trapped with carbonyl-modifying reagents. "' In previous work on the bovine liver enzyme it was suggested that the aldeCOMMUNICATIONS _____ ~~
Active learning for deep semantic parsing

Semantic parsing requires training data that is expensive and slow to collect. We apply active learning to both traditional and “overnight” data collection approaches. We show that it is possible to obtain good training hyperparameters from seed data which is only a small fraction of the full dataset. We show that uncertainty sampling based on least confidence score is competitive in traditional data collection but not applicable for overnight collection. We propose several active learning strategies for overnight data collection and show that different example selection strategies per domain perform best.
Patients with essential thrombocytosis during pregnancy: Challenges and therapeutic dilemmas

Treatment of patients with essential thrombocytosis during pregnancy is challenging and young women are reported to be at increased risk of first trimester abortions and other pregnancy complications. In literature, there are case reports and small case series where the treatment approach differs and the results are conflicting. The addition of low dose aspirin seems to be beneficial in most cases improving pregnancy outcome whereas interferon-a is the cytoreductive drug of choice when platelet control is needed during pregnancy. Anticoagulation with low-molecular weight heparin is not generally recommended and should be considered during the last few weeks of pregnancy and postpartum. Correspondence to: Theoni Kanellopoulou, Hematologist, Department of Clinical Hematology-Blood Bank-Hemostasis, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 356, Andrea Sygrou ave. 176 74 Kallithea, Greece, E-mail. theokanel@gmail.com
Minimum Differentiation in Commercial Media Markets

We examine a model of locational choice in commercial media markets. Commercial media (stations) compete for audiences with their choice of programming variety in order to attract advertising revenues from advertisers. These advertisers (producers) compete in a differentiated product market and rely on advertising to inform consumers about their product. We use the model to show that media have incentives to minimize the extent of differentiation between them. This incentive is an implication of the assumed role of advertising as information and as an ultimate nuisance to the audience. When stations minimally differentiate their programming offerings, producers choose lower levels of advertising. Consequently, lower levels of product information are available to consumers, permitting producers to gain higher margins on product sales. As a result, stations can negotiate higher payments for advertising space. Copyright (c) 2003 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Maps and Globes in Virtual Reality

This paper explores different ways to render world‐wide geographic maps in virtual reality (VR). We compare: (a) a 3D exocentric globe, where the user's viewpoint is outside the globe; (b) a flat map (rendered to a plane in VR); (c) an egocentric 3D globe, with the viewpoint inside the globe; and (d) a curved map, created by projecting the map onto a section of a sphere which curves around the user. In all four visualisations the geographic centre can be smoothly adjusted with a standard handheld VR controller and the user, through a head‐tracked headset, can physically move around the visualisation. For distance comparison exocentric globe is more accurate than egocentric globe and flat map. For area comparison more time is required with exocentric and egocentric globes than with flat and curved maps. For direction estimation, the exocentric globe is more accurate and faster than the other visual presentations. Our study participants had a weak preference for the exocentric globe. Generally the curved map had benefits over the flat map. In almost all cases the egocentric globe was found to be the least effective visualisation. Overall, our results provide support for the use of exocentric globes for geographic visualisation in mixed‐reality.
MODEL OF PLANT-SOIL COMPLEX TREATED WITH RADOMIR METAL INDUSTRIES WASTE WATER

The industrial environmental “hot spots” create significant ecological hazards for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Guidelines and legislation often refer to the total amount of contamination without to estimate the complex relationship between the environmental factors and the toxicant. In cases of suspicion for adverse effect on the environment bio-assessment can be used as a tool to detect the presence of hazardous chemicals. Bioassays with vascular plants are considered to be universal tools of identifying the combined effects of pollutants. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the toxicological effect of plant-soil complex treated with wastewater from Radomir Metal Industries ". The conclusion is that the sewage from the metallurgical pant “Radomir Metal” is used properly for irrigation of arable land. The question can be which kind of plants is suitable to be cultivated there. The effluent is seems toxic for the aquatic systems and has a slight negative impact on the soil breathing and germination of treated plants. Nevertheless, in the bioassay for all examined plants stimulus effect under the treatment with soil extract on the weight of roots and stems have been registered.
The instability and breaking of deep-water waves

An experimental study of the evolution to breaking of a nonlinear deep-water wave train is reported. Two distinct regimes are found. For ak [les ] 0·29 the evolution is sensibly two-dimensional with the Benjamin-Feir instability leading directly to breaking as found by Longuet-Higgins & Cokelet (1978). The measured side-band frequencies agree very well with those predicted by Longuet-Higgins (1978b). It is found that the evolution of the spectrum is not restricted to a few discrete frequencies but also involves a growing continuous spectrum, and the description of the evolution as a recurrence phenomenon is incomplete. It is found that the onset of breaking corresponds to the onset of the asymmetric development of the side bands about the fundamental frequency and its higher harmonics. This asymmetric evolution, which ultimately leads to the shift to lower frequency first reported by Lake et al. (1977), is interpreted in terms of Longuet-Higgins’ (1978b) breaking instability. For ak [ges ] 0·31 a full three-dimensional instability dominates the Benjamin-Feir instability and leads rapidly to breaking. Preliminary measurements of this instability agree very well with the recent results of McLean et al. (1981).
Fabrication and Investigation of an enzyme-free, Nanoparticle-based Biosensor for Hydrogen Peroxide determination

iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vii LIST OF FIGURES . viii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 CHAPTER TWO: METHODOLOGY . 6 2.1 Materials . 6 2.2 Methods . 6 2.2.1 Particle Synthesis & Characterization . 6 2.2.2 Biosensor Fabrication . 7 2.2. 3 Electrochemical Testing . 9 CHAPTER THREE: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . 13 CHAPTER FOUR: CONCLUSION . 32 LIST OF REFERENCES . 34
Mercury Exposure Affects the Reproductive Success of a Free-Living Terrestrial Songbird, the Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus)

ABSTRACT. Despite mounting evidence of mercury accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems, few data exist on how environmental mercury exposure affects reproductive success in free-living songbirds. From 2007 through 2010, we monitored reproductive success of Carolina Wrens (Thryothorus ludovicianus) breeding along the forest floodplain of two mercury-contaminated rivers in Virginia. Using an information-theoretic approach, we found a 34% reduction in nesting success of Carolina Wrens on mercury-contaminated sites when compared with reference sites. Blood mercury concentration of the attending female was a strong predictor of nest success. Birds nesting on contaminated sites were 3× more likely to abandon their nests than birds on uncontaminated reference sites. We report a range of effects concentrations associated with various levels of reproductive impairment; for example, a 10% reduction in nest success corresponded with 0.7 µg g-1 mercury in the blood, 2.4 µg g-1 mercury in body feathers, 3.0 µg g-1 mercury in tail feathers, and 0.11 µg g-1 mercury in eggs. This is the first field study to document the effect of specific adult songbird blood mercury concentrations on breeding performance; our results show that free-living songbirds can suffer negative reproductive effects at relatively low mercury concentrations.
Advance Publication Experimental Animals

The QTc interval is widely used in Safety Pharmacological studies to predict arrhythmia risk, and the electromechanical window (EMW) and short-term variability of QT intervals (STVQT) have been studied as new biomarkers for drug-induced Torsades de Pointes (TdP). However, the use of EMW and STVQT to predict ventricular fibrillation (VF) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate EMW and STVQT to predict VF in anesthetized rabbit model of VF. VF was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending and a descending branch of the left circumflex coronary arteries in a sample population of rabbits (n=18). VF was developed 55.6% (10/18). In rabbit with VF, the EMW was significantly higher than in rabbits without VF (96.3±15.6 ms and 49.5±5.6 ms, respectively, p<0.05). STVQT had significantly increased before the onset of VF in rabbits that experienced VF, but not in rabbits that did not experience VF (11.7±1.8 ms and 3.7±0.4 ms, respectively, p<0.05). The EMW and STVQT had better predictive power for VF with higher sensitivity and specificity than the QTc measure. The result suggested that the increasing of EMW, as well as the elevation of STVQT, can potentially be used as biomarkers for predicting of VF.
Thermal Stability, Formability, and Mechanical Properties of a High-Strength Rolled Flame-Resistant Magnesium Alloy

alloy used in this study was twin roll cast (TRC) Mg–10Al–0.2Mn–1Ca (mass%) alloy (AMX1001). The material properties of this alloy were compared with those of samples of of fine-grained rolled A6N01 alloy. A study of the damping properties of various alloys showed that they improved in the order steel ≤ aluminum alloys ≤ magnesium alloys. Overall, the properties of high-strength AMX1001 rolled sheet are superior to those of fine-grained aluminum alloys. In particular, this Mg alloy shows excellent thermal stability, damping properties and formability.
Scaling in financial prices: III. Cartoon Brownian motions in multifractal time

This article describes a versatile family of functions that are increasingly roughened by successive interpolations. They reproduce, in the simplest way possible, the main features of financial prices: continually varying volatility, discontinuity or concentration, and the fact that many changes fall far outside the mildly behaving Brownian 'norm'. Being illuminating but distorted and incomplete, these constructions deserve to be called 'cartoons'. They address both the observed variation of financial prices and the generalized model the author introduced in 1997, namely, Brownian motion in multifractal time. Special cases of the same construction provide cartoons of the Bachelier model - the Wiener Brownian motion - or the two models the author proposed in the 1960s, namely, Lévy stable and fractional Brownian motions. The cartoons are the embodiment of the author's 'principle of scaling in economics'. While rich in structure, they are unexpectedly parsimonious, easily computed, and easily compared to one another by being associated with points in a square 'phase diagram'.
Impact of the Hoa Binh dam (Vietnam) on water and sediment budgets in the Red River basin and delta

The Hoa Binh dam (HBD), located on a tributary of the Red River in Vietnam, has a capacity of 9.45 × 10 9 m 3 and was commissioned in December 1988. Although it is important for flood prevention, electricity production and irrigation in northern Vietnam, the Hoa Binh dam has also highly influenced the suspended sediment distribution in the lower Red River basin, in the delta and in the coastal zone. Its impact was analysed from a 50-year data set of water discharge and suspended sediment concentration (1960–2010), and the distribution of water and sediment across the nine mouths of the delta was simulated using the MIKE11 numerical model before and after the dam settlement. Although water discharge at the delta inlet decreased by only 9%, the yearly suspended sediment flux dropped, on average, by 61% at Son Tay near Hanoi (from 119 to 46 × 10 6 t yr −1 ). Along the coast, reduced sedimentation rates are coincident with the lower sediment delivery observed since the impoundment of the Hoa Binh dam. Water regulation has led to decreased water discharge in the wet season (−14% in the Red River at Son Tay) and increased water discharge in the dry season (+12% at the same station). The ratios of water and suspended sediment flows, as compared to the total flows in the nine mouths, increased in the northern and southern estuaries and decreased in the central, main Ba Lat mouth. The increasing volume of dredged sediments in the Haiphong harbour is evidence of the silting up of the northern estuary of Cam–Bach Dang. The effect of tidal pumping on enhanced flow occurring in the dry season and resulting from changed water regulation is discussed as a possible cause of the enhanced siltation of the estuary after Hoa Binh dam impoundment.
Trimmer: Application Specialization for Code Debloating

With the proliferation of new hardware architectures and ever-evolving user requirements, the software stack is becoming increasingly bloated. In practice, only a limited subset of the supported functionality is utilized in a particular usage context, thereby presenting an opportunity to eliminate unused features. In the past, program specialization has been proposed as a mechanism for enabling automatic software debloating. In this work, we show how existing program specialization techniques lack the analyses required for providing code simplification for real-world programs. We present an approach that uses stronger analysis techniques to take advantage of constant configuration data, thereby enabling more effective debloating. We developed Trimmer, an application specialization tool that leverages user-provided configuration data to specialize an application to its deployment context. The specialization process attempts to eliminate the application functionality that is unused in the user-defined context. Our evaluation demonstrates Trimmer can effectively reduce code bloat. For 13 applications spanning various domains, we observe a mean binary size reduction of 21% and a maximum reduction of 75%. We also show specialization reduces the surface for code-reuse attacks by reducing the number of exploitable gadgets. For the evaluated programs, we observe a 20% mean reduction in the total gadget count and a maximum reduction of 87%.
Epidemiological Aspects of Needle Stick Injuries among Nurses in a Military Hospital

The most frequent way of transmission of various diseases such as HBV, HIV and HCV is exposure to sharp tools. The purpose of the study was to determine the epidemiological aspects of occupational exposure and risk factors of injuries from sharp tools among nurses in a military hospital. In this cross - sectional study 100 nursing staff in a military hospital was chosen as sample. Personal and professional information collected by a valid and reliable questionnaire, and data were analyzed using SPSS 17 software.The prevalence of occupational exposure to sharp tools of hospital waste was 41 %. Mean age and mean of experience years in nurses were 34.7 ± 5.88 and 10.99 ± 5.52 year respectively. About 63% of nurses in disaster reported the matter to the Committee on Hospital Infection Control.Most affected by the syringe needle was 46.3%. Working load and needle recapping were the main causes of the damage due to exposure to the sharp objects, 26.8 and % 31.7 respectively. The relationship between occupational exposure to hospital sharp tools and age, experience, education and place of work was significant with P= 0.006, 0.017, 0.027 and 0.008 respectively. According to the complications of sharp tools, reduction of sharp components requires regular training courses for staff, proportion of the number of work shifts, strict implementation of treatment protocols, modification of the current inaccuracy procedures, access to adequate equipment’s and safe and an effective mechanism for reporting of occupational accidents in all of the sectors.
The Politics of Trade Agreement Design: Revisiting the Depth–Flexibility Nexus

Existing research indicates the interrelated nature of different dimensions of the design of international institutions. In particular, it shows the greater flexibility of deep agreements. We argue—and demonstrate empirically—that the positive relationship between depth and flexibility holds for preferential trade agreements (PTAs). But we add two qualifications to the conventional wisdom that depth and flexibility go hand in hand. First, we argue that the positive relationship between depth and flexibility proves weaker for democracies than for nondemocracies. Second, when making deep agreements more flexible, countries also add strings to the use of the additional flexibility provisions. An original data set on the design of 587 PTAs allows us to test our arguments. Both descriptive evidence and multivariate statistics support the theoretical expectations. The findings contribute to the literatures on the design of international institutions and the causes and consequences of PTAs.
Big 4 Office Political Connections and Client Restatements

ABSTRACT Extant literature suggests that audit firms establish political connections at the national level to lobby regulators and legislators. In this paper we construct a novel dataset of Big 4 auditors’ political connections at the audit office level and examine the implications of auditors’ political connections for their audit quality. We find that client firms of politically connected audit offices are less likely to restate their earnings. However, this relation is weaker for politically connected clients. Further analyses reveal that, during the years that are subsequently restated, connected clients of connected offices were able to contract for less audit effort and pay less audit fees relative to their non-connected counterparts. Our results, robust to alternative audit quality measures and endogeneity controls, suggest that, while connected auditors have incentives to deliver high audit quality, they are likely to compromise their independence for politically connected clients.
Comparing the Effect of Using Monolingual versus Bilingual Dictionary on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners' Vocabulary Learning

This study aimed to investigate the effect of using two types of dictionaries (monolingual and bilingual) on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ vocabulary learning. An OPT (Oxford placement test, 2001) was administered among 90 students 60 of whom were selected as the participants of this study. They were sophomore students studying English as a foreign language, with the age range of 19-27. They were then divided into two comparison groups: Monolingual Dictionary (MD) and Bilingual Dictionary (BD) groups. A pretest of vocabulary was administered to both groups. Then both groups were given a five-session treatment. One group was taught vocabulary based on monolingual dictionary, and the other group was taught vocabulary through bilingual dictionary. After the treatment, the same version of vocabulary test was given to both groups as posttest to check the effectiveness of the treatments. The results of Paired-Samples and Independent Samples t-tests revealed that the effect of monolingual dictionary on learners’ vocabulary learning was more than that of the bilingual dictionary use. The implications and recommendations will also be presented.
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Andean Tomato Landraces by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Fil: Cortina, Pablo Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisico-quimica de Cordoba. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisico-quimica de Cordoba; Argentina