Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MOTIVATION, LEARNING STRATEGIES AND PERFORMANCE AMONG BUSINESS UNDERGRADUATES AT UNIVERSITY COLLEGES IN SWEDEN

Purpose – This paper brings new material to the understanding of interlinkages between motivation, learning and performance in academic contexts. By investigating these interlinkages in a new context – students of business and management at a Swedish university college – it seeks to answer the following research questions: How do students’ degree and type of motivation relate to their learning strategies? ; how do students’ degree and type of motivation and learning strategies relate to their academic success? ; and how do student characteristics in terms of experience and gender influence the nature and strength of these relationships? Research methodology – The data used in this paper is based on student surveys and a centralised system of reporting and archiving academic results. The latter contains information on the academic performance of individual students, whereas the surveys gathered information on the students’ background characteristics (experience and gender), their motivation for pursuing academic studies and their learning strategies. The difference in proportion tests and OLS regressions were then applied to investigate differences between student groups and relationships between the different variables. Findings – The findings reveal that business students are more extrinsically than intrinsically motivated; that deep learning approaches lead to higher grades for particular examination forms, and that female students are typically more intrinsically motivated, engage more in deep learning approaches and perform better than their male counterparts. Practical implications – The findings suggest that practitioners in higher education involved with the business and/or university college students have good reasons to stimulate motivation generally, and intrinsic motivation in particular. However, this must be accompanied by examination forms that promote deep learning. Originality/Value – In contrast to most research, this paper focuses on the interlinkages between motivation, learning and performance among business students in a university college setting. This contrasts most research on this topic which tends to be focused on university students, particularly in the US, in other fields of study or accounting. Moreover, this paper also takes student characteristics into account and uses a variety of measures to operationalise academic performance.
CPAA_A_213271 103..116

Iman A Basheti Yara B Salhi Mariam M Basheti Salim A Hamadi Walid Al-Qerem 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan; 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 3Department of Pharmacology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Petra University, Amman, Jordan; 4Department of Pharmacy, AlZaytoonah University of Jordan, College of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan Introduction: Pharmacists can have a valuable role in educating patients on correct inhaler technique leading to improved asthma management. Rural areas can benefit from the role of the pharmacist considering the barriers found in attending primary health-care facilities. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of inhaler technique education delivered by pharmacists on patients’ inhaler technique, Asthma Control Test (ACT) score, forced expiratory volume in the first 1 second (FEV1%), and reliever use (puffs/day). Methods: A pre–post interventional study was conducted over 6 months from February 2017 to July 2017 in rural areas in Jordan. Asthma patients visiting respiratory clinics and using metered dose inhaler (MDI) or turbuhaler (TH) controlled medication were randomly recruited. Inhaler technique was assessed via published checklists. The ACT, FEV1%, and reliever use (puffs/day) were assessed. Patients were educated on inhaler technique via demonstration with return demonstration education. All assessments were repeated 3 months post education. Results: A total of 103 (TH, n=44; MDI, n=59) patients were recruited (mean age=46.5 ±13.5), 74% females. Patients reported an overuse of their reliever (5.1±4.2 puffs/day). Only 2 patients (1.9%) had well-controlled asthma, while the rest had either moderately (19.4%) or poorly (78.6%) controlled asthma. Patients using the MDI achieved 3.03±4.30 ACT score improvement (p<0.001), which is a clinically significant improvement in control. Patients using the TH achieved a statistically significant improvement of 2.07±4.72 (p=0.031). FEV1% improved significantly for MDI users (p=0.005) but not for TH users (p=0.097). Reliever use decreased significantly for MDI and TH users. Conclusion: Asthmatic patients living in rural areas in Jordan reported poor inhaler technique, ACT scores, and FEV1% scores and high use of reliever medications. Pharmacist-led educational intervention resulted in improved inhaler technique scores, ACT scores, and FEV1% scores and lowered reliever use over time.
Ownership Structure, Control Contestability, and Corporate Debt ‎Maturity

During the past three decades, a significant amount of research on the structure of maturities (grace period) focused corporate debt. More recently, the role of corporate governance in determining the maturity of the debt has emerged as a central theme in the literature. The corporate governance literature has shown that self-interested controlling owners tend to divert corporate resources for private benefits at the expense of other shareholders. Such behavior leads the controlling owners to prefer long maturity debt to short maturity debt, to avoid frequent monitoring by lenders, which creates conflict between controlling and minority shareholders over the maturity structure of debt. In this paper, we examine whether the presence of multiple large shareholders (MLS), beyond the controlling owner, helps to mitigate this conflict. This result suggests that MLS curb the extraction of private benefits by the controlling owner and reduce her preference for less monitoring through the use of longer maturity debt. The findings are robust to a number of checks, including addressing endogeneity concerns and using alternative sample compositions and alternative regression frameworks. For estimating the model, STATA 15 software was used. Based on the results of major shareholders and there is a significant debt maturities. The distribution of voting power between large shareholders and debt maturity there is no correlation. There is significant relationship between the power of the ultimate owner and debt maturities. JEL classification: G30, G32, G34
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Congenital Brain Anomalies

Congenital malformations affect approximately 2-3% of all live births every year (Whiteman et al, 1994; Atlas et al, 1985). Congenital brain anomalies, whether they are isolated (single) or part of syndromes, are a common cause of medical intervention, long-term illness, and death. The neonatologist or perinatologist often is the first person to identify necessary evaluations and management and to explain the cause of the anomalies and the prognosis for the child to the parents. Different anomalies may be classified as malformations, deformations and disruptions (Smith & Smith 2006; Barkovich et al 2001, Barkovich, 2005). Co-existent group of anomalies is described as polytopic field defect, sequence, syndrome and association. Other classification may be major and minor anomalies. Major anomaly is one with a medical, surgical or cosmetic importance and with impact on morbidity and mortality. Minor anomaly is one that does not have a serious surgical, medical or cosmetic significance and does not affect normal life expectancy or lifestyle.
Symptom perceptions and help-seeking behaviour prior to lung and colorectal cancer diagnoses: a qualitative study

Background. Lung and colorectal cancer are common and have high UK mortality rates. Early diagnosis is important in reducing cancer mortality, but the literature on lung and colorectal cancers suggests many people wait for a considerable time before presenting symptoms. Objective. To gain in-depth understanding of patients’ interpretations of symptoms of lung and colorectal cancer prior to diagnosis, and to explore processes leading to help-seeking. Methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients diagnosed with lung (N = 9) or colorectal (N = 20) cancer within the previous 12 months. Patients were asked about symptoms experienced in the period preceding diagnosis, their interpretations of symptoms, and decision making for help-seeking. Thematic analysis was conducted and comparisons drawn within and across the patient groups. Results. Patients were proactive and rational in addressing symptoms; many developed alternative, non-cancer explanations based on their knowledge and experience. Discussions with important others frequently provided the impetus to consult, but paradoxically others often initially reinforced alternative explanations. Fear and denial did not emerge as barriers to helpseeking, but help-seeking was triggered when patients’ alternative explanations could no longer be maintained, for instance due to persistence or progression of symptoms. Conclusion. Patients’ reasoning, decision making and interpersonal interactions prior to diagnosis were complex. Prompting patients for additional detail on symptoms within consultations could elicit critical contextual information to aid referral decisions. Findings also have implications for the design of public health campaigns.
Specialization

2009-12 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA Post-doctoral fellow, Beckman Institute, Material Research Laboratory. 2004-08 University of Toronto, Canada. PhD from Photonics Group, Electrical and Computer Engineering dept. Distinctions: GPA of 4.0/4.0. 2002-04 University of Calgary, Canada. MS from Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. Distinctions: GPA of 3.9/4.0. 1994-98 Jadavpur University, India. BE from Electrical Engineering dept. Distinctions: GPA of 3.8/4.0. First class honors with distinction.
Decision-Making Predictors of Place of Delivery in the Work Area of Petungkriyono Health Center, Pekalongan Regency, Central Java Indonesia

Indonesiangovernmentrequiresmotherstogivebirthinhealthcarefacilitiestoensure that labor takes place safely in accordance with the standards of childbirth assistance. The highest number of cases of delivering babies at home in Pekalongan regency Central Java happened in district Petungkriyono 56.05% in 2016. The objective of this study was to ﬁnd out predictors and factors that closely related to decision making regarding the place of delivery. A descriptive correlative study with cross sectional design was conducted. The setting of the study was the work area of Petungkriyono Health Center in Pekalongan. A total 319 participants were chosen by the total sampling technique.Participantofthisstudywerewomenwhogavebirthintheperiod of January to December of 2017. The data were statistically tested by using multiple logistic regression test to identify the most inﬂuential variable related to decision making regarding the place of delivery.The study found that 156 (48.9%) respondents delivered at home and 163 (51.1%) delivered at health facility. The inﬂuencing variables were attitude and value with p value 0.016 and the most inﬂuential variable is the negative value about birth in a health facility with p value 0.017 (95% CI; 1.139,3.587). Themostvariableinﬂuencingdecisionmakingregardingtheplaceofdeliveryisvalue. It is suggested for health care providers to considering the aspects of value to build the trust in the community while conducting an education program.
Spatial dependency between task positive and task negative networks

Functional neuroimaging reveals both relative increases (task-positive) and decreases (tasknegative) in neural activation with many tasks. There are strong spatial similarities between many frequently reported task-negative brain networks, which are often termed the default mode network. The default mode network is typically assumed to be a spatially-fixed network; however, when defined by task-induced deactivation, its spatial distribution it varies depending on what specific task is being performed. Many studies have revealed a strong temporal relationship between task-positive and task-negative networks that are important for efficient cognitive functioning and here. Here, using data from four different cognitive tasks taken from two independent datasets, we test the hypothesis that there is also a fundamental spatial relationship between them. Specifically, it is hypothesized that the distance between task positive and negative-voxels is preserved despite different spatial patterns of activation and deactivation being evoked by different cognitive tasks. Here, we show that there is lower variability in the distance between task-positive and task-negative voxels across four different sensory, motor and cognitive tasks than would be expected by chance implying that deactivation patterns are spatially dependent on activation patterns (and vice versa) and that both are modulated by specific task demands. We propose that this spatial relationship may be the macroscopic analogue of microscopic neuronal organization reported in sensory cortical systems, and we speculate why this spatial organization may be important for efficient sensorimotor and cognitive functioning.
Ultimate Intelligence Part III: Measures of Intelligence, Perception and Intelligent Agents

We propose that operator induction serves as an adequate model of perception. We explain how to reduce universal agent models to operator induction. We propose a universal measure of operator induction fitness, and show how it can be used in a reinforcement learning model and a homeostasis (self-preserving) agent based on the free energy principle. We show that the action of the homeostasis agent can be explained by the operator induction model.
Bullying among adolescents and school measures to tackle it

Abstract Background Adolescents are particularly susceptible to the effects of negative social interactions. Thus, knowledge on the behavioral characteristics of adolescents who are targets of bullying can assist with establishing actions directed to protection of the victims. Objective Describe the types of bullying practice and how adolescents perceive this violence, as well as the methods adopted by school to tackle it. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with 612 public school students aged 10-19 years. Data were collected through the application of a questionnaire developed by the UK-based Kidscape organization. Items were added to this questionnaire aiming to characterize the respondents and their perception regarding the conduct of school administrators in tackling the problem. Statistical analysis involved frequency description and measures of bivariate and multivariate association (α=5%). Results The prevalence of bullying was 21.7%. No significant associations were found between bullying and socio-demographic factors (p>0.05). In most cases, the onset of aggressions was at 6-11 years of age of the victim. Verbal aggression was the most frequently observed type of bullying (82.2%), and the classroom was the location where most aggressions occurred (60.2%). Installation of surveillance cameras was the main action taken by school administrators to tackle the problem. Conclusion Prevalence of bullying in the population studied may be considered high, and verbal aggression was the most frequent type of bullying. Actions of school administrators were concentrated on structural reforms.
Enhancing a Text Summarization System with ELMo

Text summarization has gained a considerable amount of research interest due to deep learning based techniques. We leverage recent results in transfer learning for Natural Language Processing (NLP) using pre-trained deep contextualized word embeddings in a sequence-to-sequence architecture based on pointer-generator networks. We evaluate our approach on the two largest summarization datasets: CNN/Daily Mail and the recent Newsroom dataset. We show how using pre-trained contextualized embeddings on Newsroom improves significantly the state-of-the-art ROUGE-1 measure and obtains comparable scores on the other ROUGE values.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-a review of an emerging challenge facing clinicians.

Importance Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rapidly growing cause of chronic liver disease and is becoming a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in many developed countries. This presents major challenges for the surveillance, diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Objective To discuss the clinical challenges faced by clinicians in managing the rising number of NAFLD-HCC cases. Evidence Review MEDLINE, PubMed and Embase databases were searched using the keywords; NAFLD, HCC, surveillance, hepatectomy, liver transplantation, percutaneous ablation, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), selective internal radiotherapy treatment (SIRT) and sorafenib. Relevant clinical studies were included. Findings Current HCC surveillance programmes are inadequate because they only screen for HCC in patients with cirrhosis, whereas in NAFLD a significant proportion of HCC develops in the absence of cirrhosis. Consequently NAFLD patients often present with a more advanced stage of HCC, with a poorer prognosis. NAFLD-HCC patients also tend to be older and to have more co-morbidities compared to HCC of other etiologies. This limits the use of curative treatments such as liver resection and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Evidence suggests that although NAFLD-HCC patients who undergo liver resection or OLT have worse perioperative and short-term outcomes, overall long-term survival is comparable to HCC of other etiologies. This highlights the importance of careful patient selection, pre-habilitation and perioperative planning for NAFLD-HCC patients being considered for surgical treatment. Careful consideration is also important for non-surgical treatments, although the evidence supporting treatment selection is frequently lacking, as these patients tend to be poorly represented in clinical trials. Locoregional therapies such as percutaneous ablation and TACE may be less well tolerated and less effective in NAFLD patients with obesity or diabetes. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib may also be less effective. Conclusions and Relevance This review highlights how international guidelines, for which NAFLD traditionally has made up a small part of the evidence base, may not be appropriate for all NAFLD-HCC patients. Future guidelines need to reflect the changing landscape of HCC, by making specific recommendations for the management of NAFLD-HCC.
The isolation and characterization of lipase from Carica papaya latex using zwitterion sodium lauroyl sarcosinate as agent

Most of industrial lipases are derived from microbial sources, following by a wide variety of plants. Among plant lipases, lipase from Carica papaya latex has been the focus of intense and growing research due to low cost, easy acceptance by consumers and its unique characteristics. This enzyme has been successfully applied for lipid modification and synthesis of some organic compounds. However, research for its molecular structure has been limited due to the difficulty to isolate the enzyme from the latex matrix. In this study, we suggested a modified approach using sodium lauroyl sarcosinate to solubilize the latex, then the protein was precipitated by ammonium sulphate. We also carried out the characterization of the lipase obtained from Carica papaya latex. The results showed that freeze-drying the fresh latex could improve significantly lipase activity of latex powder in comparison with sun-drying or oven-drying. The zwitterion sodium lauroyl sarcosinate could solubilize nearly 50% of the latex and the achieved supernatant exhibited great lipase activity. There was no need to use an organic solvent to delipidate the latex prior to solubilization with sodium lauroyl sarcosinate due to possible denaturation of enzymes. The proteins which were fractionally precipitated with 50 – 60%, 60 – 70% and 70 – 80% ammonium sulphate saturation showed lipolytic activity. The fraction from 50 – 60% saturation with the greatest mass was subjected to ion exchange chromatography, SDS electrophoresis and kinetic parameter determination. The results showed the presence of two proteins with molecular mass ranging from 35 kDa to 55 kDa and both presented lipase activity. The Km and Vmax of the lipase fraction from 50 – 60% saturation was 1.12 mM and 1.2 x 10-6 mM.min-1.mL-1 respectively. So, the freeze-drying of papaya latex could help to preserve its lipase activity and the usage of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate could improve the isolation of the lipase from the papaya latex and pave the way for research on the molecular structure of Carica papaya latex lipases.
Neurobehavioral outcome following minor head injury : a three-center study

✓ The majority of hospital admissions for head trauma are due to minor injuries; that is, no or only transient loss of consciousness without major complications and not requiring intracranial surgery. Despite the low mortality rate following minor head injury, there is controversy surrounding the extent of morbidity and the long-term sequelae. The authors postulated that consecutively admitted patients who fulfilled research diagnostic criteria for minor head injury and who were carefully screened for antecedent neuropsychiatric disorder and prior head injury would exhibit subacute cognitive and memory deficits that would resolve over a period of 1 to 3 months postinjury. To evaluate this hypothesis, the neurobehavioral functioning of 57 patients was compared within 1 week after minor head injury (baseline) and at 1 month postinjury with that of 56 selected control subjects at three medical centers. Quantified tests of memory, attention, and information-processing speed revealed that neurobehavioral impai.
Air drying of macauba fruits: maintaining oil quality for biodiesel production

Macauba fruits are oil-rich drupes with high moisture content at harvest. This feature can affect the chemical properties of the oil and increase the costs of biodiesel production. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt postharvest strategies to ensure oil quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of drying macauba fruit on the quality of the pulp oil. Husked and dehusked fruits were dried at 60°C and then stored. At 0, 15, 45, 100, and 180 days after storage, fruit samples were retrieved, and the oil from the pulp was evaluated for physicochemical parameters. The removal of the husk from the fruits considerably reduced the drying time compared to that of the husked fruits. Drying prevented deterioration of the fruit even after 180 days of storage, regardless of the presence of the husk. The drying process allowed for efficient storage of the macauba fruit while maintaining low levels of oil acidity. Furthermore, the oxidative stability of the pulp oil from the dehusked dried fruits lasted longer than that from the husked dried fruits. Therefore, drying is a viable alternative for the postharvest of macauba fruits to maintain the quality of the oil for biodiesel production.