Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic Findings of Pneumatosis Intestinalis in a Dog

A 4-month-old, intact male mongrel dog was presented with trauma (hit by car), astasia, stupor and abdominal pain. Radiographic findings were peritoneal effusion, intestinal dilation, right iliac fracture, and microcardia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed severely, dilated small intestine containing anechoic fluid in lumen and intramural gas within the wall. The sonographic finding suggested pnematosis intestinalis (PI), and vascular compromise of bowel loop by trauma was strongly suspected. After the dog was dead, postmortem examination revealed discolored and necrotized small intestine strangulated by sublumbar muscle. The detection of echogenic gas bubbles in the wall of bowel using ultrasound may be helpful in detecting PI.
Lithium abundances and rotational behavior for bright giant stars

Aims. We study the links possibly existing between the lithium content of bright giant stars and their rotational velocity. Methods. We performed a spectral analysis of 145 bright giant stars (luminosity class II) spanning the spectral range from F3 to K5. All these stars have homogeneous rotational velocity measurements available in the literature. Results. For all the stars of the sample, we provide consistent lithium abundances (A Li ), effective temperatures (T eff ), projected rotational velocity (u sin i), mean metallicity ([Fe/H]), stellar mass, and an indication of the stellar multiplicity. The gradual decrease in lithium abundance with T eff is confirmed for bright giant stars, and it points to a dilution factor that is at least as significant as in giant stars. From the F to K spectral types, the A Li spans at least three orders of magnitude, reflecting the effects of stellar mass and evolution on dilution. Conclusions. We find that the behavior of A Li as a function of v sin i in bright giant stars presents the same trend as is observed in giants and subgiants: stars with high A Li are moderate or fast rotators, while stars with low A Li show a wide range of v sin i values.
A cloud microphysics model including trace gas condensation and sulfate chemistry

A one-dimensional model for simulating the evolution of physical and chemical properties of an aerosol population has been developed in order to simulate cloud or fog droplet formation. The physicochemical processes affecting the aerosol population and included in the model are condensation and evaporation of water vapor and trace gases, gas emissions, and reversible and irreversible chemical reactions producing sulfate in the liquid phase. The model also includes modules for equilibrating the aerosol population with water vapor and trace gases, and for calculating the optical properties of the aerosol population. In this article, we compare the model results with other cloud models, and show that very similar fractions of activated particles are obtained using the thermodynamical models EQUISOLV II and AIM. We point out that when ammonia and strong acids (nitric and/or hydrochloric) are present in the system, the methods for the initial equilibration of the semi-volatile compounds can have a significant effect on the simulation results. We also compare the effects of nitric and hydrochloric acid with cloud drop activation and study sulfate production in the presence and in the absence of condensable trace gases.
DESCRIPTION OF THE QUALITY OF SHELL EGGS PRODUCED BY AGRO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM DURING LAYING PERIOD OF ISA BROWN ® HENS - PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Based on the EU animal welfare laws, the conventional production of laying hens will have to change some aspects in Brazil. Eggs produced in alternative systems are being increasingly demanded by consumers. Despite this, there is still no accurate information on criteria regarding the quality of egg shells of this type in our country. The objective of this study was to characterize the eggshell quality of agro-ecological’s production eggs produced by hens of Isa Brown ® line of a property of the state of Rio Grande do Sul / Brazil. Six eggs were collected, every two weeks, from hens among were 28 until 54 weeks of production, totalizing 14 evaluations. The variables studied were shell egg weight, specific gravity, percentage of shell and shell thickness. Eggs produced by agroecosystem’s hens had parameters of egg weight and shell percentage affected by age of hens. Regarding the other parameters studied, there was no evidence the influence of bird age. The analysis of specific gravity of eggs showed lower mean values than other studies with commercial eggs.
Catalogue of the Predynastic Egyptian Collection in the Ashmolean Museum

Part 1 Statues, statuettes and models. Part 2 Vessels: clay vessels - Nile-mud wares polished red and black, Nile-mud wares polished red, Nile-mud wares polished black or brown, chaff-tempered Nile-mud wares not coated or polished, chaff-tempered Nile-mud wares polished red and black, chaff-tempered Nile-mud wares polished red, hard pink wares not coated or polished, hard pink wares polished red, hard pink wares polished black, perhaps imported from Nubia, imported from Palestine stone vessels vessels of ivory and horn. Part 3 Tools and weapons: tools and weapons of metal - mace heads tools and weapons of flint - cores, blades, flakes, ground axe-head, planes/adzes, flaked axe/adze-heads, knives, arrowheads, sickle blades, scrapers, borers tools and weapons of obsidian grinders and hammerstones tools and weapons of bone. Part 4 Objects of personal decoration and daily use: seals beads and pendants forehead pendants bracelets and finger-rings palettes hairpins combs spoons games tusks, tags and cones textiles spindle whorls basketry. Appendices: results of X-ray flourescence analysis of Egyptian gold and silver, B.H. Gale and Z.A. Stos-Gale results of X-ray flourescence analysis of predynastic Egyptian copper, H. McKerrell associated flint knives of type 5a flint knives of type 5a with handles of carved ivory or gold petrographic analysis of two Canaanite jars from Naqada, Naomi Porat comments on the identification of animals, Sebastian Payne notes on textiles, E.G. Crowfoot neutron activation analysis of pottery.
Technical barriers and development of Cu wirebonding in nanoelectronics device packaging

Bondpad cratering, Cu ball bond interface corrosion, IMD (intermetal dielectric) cracking, and uncontrolled post-wirebond staging are the key technical barriers in Cu wire development. This paper discusses the UHAST (unbiased HAST) reliability performance of Cu wire used in fine-pitch BGA package. In-depth failure analysis has been carried out to identify the failure mechanism under various assembly conditions. Obviously green mold compound, low-halogen substrate, optimized Cu bonding parameters, assembly staging time after wirebonding, and anneal baking after wirebonding are key success factors for Cu wire development in nanoelectronic packaging. Failure mechanisms of Cu ball bonds after UHAST test and CuAl IMC failure characteristics have been proposed and discussed in this paper.
Stock Market Efficiency, Non-Linearity, Thin Trading and Asymmetric Information in MENA Stock Markets

The concept of market efficiency has been investigated thoroughly in recent years, with most studies focussing on developed economies. Far fewer investigations have been carried out into emerging markets, and results have been mixed. Some emerging markets appear to be weak form efficient whereas others seem to be inefficient. Emerging markets are typically characterised by thin trading and low levels of liquidity as well as, in some cases, ill-informed investors with access to information that is sometimes less than reliable. This might partly explain why some emerging markets are information inefficient. In this paper we investigate stock market efficiency in a group of emerging markets in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. In particular we test the results of Abdmoulah (2010) who finds that the MENA region markets investigated are inefficient and, despite growth in size and the implementation of reforms designed to improve the operation of markets in the region, they exhibit little evidence of evolving market efficiency. This raises the possibility that further reform is necessary. We test for evolving market efficiency using a methodology that extends the approach adopted by Abdmoulah (2010). However, our results are broadly similar.
ESTIMATION OF LEAF AREA IN SWEET CHERRY USING A NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD

Leaf area measurement can be a time consuming process and requires sophisticated electronic instruments. The objective of this research was to develop a simple, accurate, non-destructive and time saving predictive model for leaf area (LA) estimation in sweet cherry trees. Linear regression equations were fitted and evaluated for three cultivars and two training systems using alternatively the length (L), the width (W) and their product (L*W) as independent variables. Regression using L*W variable fitted the data better (R 2 = 0.994) than L or W (R 2 = 0.863 and 0.787, respectively). The slopes using L*W as the explanatory variable were between 0.6776 and 0.6442 for different combinations of cultivar and training system. Combinations of cultivar – training system showed different slopes ( P <0.05), except for «tatura-Bing» and «vase-Lapins». A general equation had a slope of 0.6612 with R 2 = 0.993 (slightly lower than considering all combinations of cultivar and training system). Validation of the general equation using extra data from a «Lapins/ Mahaleb» orchard showed high accuracy (R 2 = 0.9826), but underestimated LA. However, the general equation can be used for predicting LA for practical purposes, such as estimating Leaf Area Index of commercial orchards.
Bank efficiency differences in the new EU member states

Abstract This article examines bank cost efficiency for five new EU Member States from Central and Eastern Europe and the three Baltic States for the period 1996 – 2006. The banking sectors in the selected set of countries had undergone a remarkable transformation before they achieved EU membership in 2004. We study cost efficiency differences between countries as well as efficiency improvements fostered by intense legislative and regulatory changes and extensive structural and institutional reforms carried out simultaneously. By employing the SFA approach an improvement in cost efficiency was discovered in the period investigated. Some noticeable differences in average cost efficiency among banking sectors can be detected as well. Empirical results also reveal certain significant associations of cost efficiency with country level macroeconomic characteristics, structure of the banking industry, and individual bank features. Analysis of correlating factors shows that the level of competition in the banking sector plays a more important role for cost efficiency improvements than the ownership structure itself. These results might be of interest to policy makers and regulatory authorities as they may provide help in detecting policy measures to create a business environment which would further enhance the cost efficiency of CEE banks.
The Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Blood Lactate after Anaerobic Muscle Fatigue Induced in Taekwondo Athletes

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the effect of electrical stimulation on blood lactate after anaerobic muscle fatigue was induced in Taekwondo athletes. [Subjects] Twenty-four male collegiate Taekwondo athletes voluntarily participated in this study (from June 7, 2010 to June 18, 2010, a total of 2 weeks). Subjects were randomly divided into three groups of 8: a) Electrical stimulation group (ES) which received electrical muscle stimulation; b) the massage group which received massage; and the control group which took a rest after induction of anaerobic muscle fatigue. [Methods] This study was a double-blind randomized controlled trial. It was conducted at the sports science research laboratory of Kyungwoon University, Gumi, Korea. Muscle fatigue was induced via anaerobic exercise. Blood samples were collected when the athletes were in a relaxed state, immediately after anaerobic exercise, 15 minutes after anaerobic exercise, and 25 minutes after anaerobic exercise. [Results] Repeated measures ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in lactic acid concentration in the blood with time in the three groups, as well as among the three groups. The lactic acid concentrations in the blood was highest immediately after exercise, decreased significantly 15 min after exercise, and further decreased 25 min after exercise. Scheffe's post-hoc test revealed statistically significant differences between the massage group and the control group, and between the ES group and the control group, whereas no statistically significant difference was found between the massage group and the ES group. [Conclusion] Electrical stimulation was shown to enhance muscle fatigue recovery caused by anaerobic exercise by Taekwondo athletes.
Wind and tidal mixing controls on stratification and dense water outflows in a large hypersaline bay

In Shark Bay, a large inverse estuary in Western Australia, longitudinal density gradients establish a gravitational circulation that is important for Bay-ocean exchange and transport of biological material such as larvae. The relative contributions of energy from wind and tidal mixing on the control of vertical stratification and gravitational circulation were investigated using the three-dimensional baroclinic ocean circulation model (General Estuarine Transport Model, GETM). In this large inverse estuary, the effects of the winds and tides on vertical mixing were found to be of similar magnitude. A critical depth of ∼15 m was identified that determined whether winds or tides or a combination of the two was required to create vertically mixed conditions. Where it was shallower than the critical depth, either the wind or tide could fully mix the water column. In contrast, a combination of both winds and tides was required to mix the deeper channels. Density-driven circulation peaked 0–3 days after periods of maximum stratification, resulting in a fortnightly modulation of dense water outflows along the seabed following the tidal stage. Salt flux calculations provided new evidence for the predominance of outflow through the deeper northern entrance channel where outflows persisted through all stages of the tide. In contrast, outflows through the western channel were more intermittent with a stronger tidal component. Wind driven lateral circulation between the entrances was also important and could temporarily reverse the circulation during northerly wind events.
Relation between leaf and stem biochemical constituents and rooting ability of olive cuttings

The relationships between rooting potential with endogenous phenolic compounds, nitrogen and soluble carbohydrates of cuttings for five olive cultivars (‘Rowghani’, ‘Dusti’, ‘Tokhmekabki’, ‘Konservalia’ and ‘Amigdalolia’) were investigated. Extracts of the leaves and the base of the cuttings were used for analysis of biochemical compounds. Results showed that there were significant differences in rooting potential among olive cultivars. There was no correlation between leaves and stems nitrogen contents and rooting ability of the cuttings. Moreover, leaf and stem soluble sugars, leaf total phenolics, stem caffeic acid, narengin and chlorogenic acid contents of the leaf and stem, did not affect the rooting potential of the cuttings. However, leaf catechin, stem total phenolics and vanillic acid had positive effects on rooting potential of the cuttings. There was a negative correlation between rooting percentage of the cuttings and leaf gallic acid and narengine contents.
A Refuge in Thunder: Candomblé and Alternative Spaces of Blackness

Contents Acknowledgements Introduction 1. Slavery, Africanos Libertos and the Question of Black Presence in Nineteenth Century Brazil 2. Salvador: The Urban Environment 3. The Bolsa de Mandinga and Calundu: Afro-Brazilian Religion as Fetish and Fetiearia 4. Dis Continuity, Context and Documentation: Origins and Interpretations of the Religion 5. The Nineteenth Century Development of Candomble: An Analysis Based in the Archival Documents 6. Healing and Cultivating Axe: Profiles of Candomble Leaders and Communities 7. Networks of Support, Spaces of Resistance: Alternative Orientations of Black Life in Nineteenth Century Bahia 8. Candomble as Feitieo: Reterritorialization, Embodiment and the Alchemy of History in an Afro-Brazilian Religion Coda. Abolition, Freedom and Candomble as Alternative Cidadania in Brazil. Glossary Appendix: Selected Documents from the Arquivo Publico do Estado da Bahia Notes Bibliography
CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERN OF SUPERFICIAL LYMPHADENOPATHY

Background: FNAC is considered as a reliable and inexpensive test for diagnosing lymphadenopathy cases with a high degree of accuracy. The objective of this study was to determine the cytomorphological pattern of superficial lymph node aspirates. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Bannu Medical College, Bannu, Pakistan from October, 2012 to September, 2013. All patients with superficial lymphadenopathy were included in the study. Patients with a history of less than four weeks lymphadenopathy, having acute inflammatory process in the draining area or having lymphadenopathy due to known primary malignancy were excluded. The demographic variables were sex, age in years and age grouping. The research variables were site and cause of lymphadenopathy. Age grouping was; up to 15 years, 16-40 years and above 40 years. Results: Out of 235 cases, there were 110(46.80%) males and 125(53.20%) females. The mean age of the sample was 35.00±13.50 (05-70) years. The frequency of age group up to 15 years was 82(34.90%), of 16-40 years was 50(21.27%) and of above 40 years was 103(43.83%). Site of lymphadenopathy were; left cervical lymph nodes in 105 (44.68%), right cervical lymph nodes in 60(25.53%), bilateral cervical lymph nodes in 11(4.68%), axillary lymph nodes in 30(12.76%), and other sites were involved in 29(12.35%) cases. The most cause of lymphadenopathy was chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis in 110 (46.8%). Conclusion: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a good diagnostic tool in diagnosis of lymphadenopathy and will significantly enhance the institution of timely and appropriate treatment regimens.
Transparency in Interactive Feature-based Machine Learning: Challenges and Solutions

Machine learning is ubiquitous in everyday life; techniques from the area of automated data analysis are used in various application scenarios, ranging from recommendations for movies over routes to drive to automated analysis of data in critical domains. To make appropriate use of such techniques, a calibration between human trust and trustworthiness of the machine learning techniques is required. If the calibration does not take place, research shows that disuse and misuse of machine learning techniques may happen. In this thesis, we elaborate on the problem of providing transparency in feature-based machine learning. In particular, we outline a number of challenges and present solutions for transparency. The solutions are based on interactive visual interfaces operating on feature-level. First, we elaborate on the connection between trust and transparency and outline the fundamental framework that builds the ground for this thesis and introduce di erent audiences of transparency. In the following, we present interactive, visualization and visual analytics-based solutions for speci c aspects of transparency. First, the solution for the task of error analysis in supervised learning is presented. The proposed visual analytics system contains a number of coordinated views that facilitate sensemaking and reasoning of the in uence of single features or groups of features in the machine learning process. The second solution is a visualization technique tailored to the interactive, visual exploration of ambiguous feature sets that arise in certain machine learning scenarios. Statistical and semantical information is combined to present a clear picture of the targeted type of ambiguities that can be interactively modi ed, eventually leading to a more speci c feature set with fewer ambiguities. Afterward we illustrate how the concept of transparency and observable behavior can be of use in a real-world scenario. We contribute an interactive, visualization-driven system to explore a spatial clustering, giving the human control of the feature set, feature weights, and associated hyperparameters. To observe di erent behaviors of the spatial clustering, an interactive visualization is provided that allows the comparison of di erent feature combinations and hyperparameters. In the same application domain, we contribute a visual analytics system that enables analysts to interactively visualize the output of a machine learning system in context with additional data that have a common, spatial context. The system bridges the gap between the analysts utilizing a machine learning system and users of the results, which in the targeted scenario are two di erent user groups. Our solutions show that both groups pro t from insights in the feature set of the machine learning. The thesis concludes with a re ection regarding further research directions and a summary of the results.
Planar thin film YBa2Cu3O7−δ Josephson junction pairs and arrays via nanolithography and ion damage

We have fabricated in-plane high-Tc Josephson junction pairs and series arrays using our established nanolithography and ion damage process. Junctions in a pair showed nearly identical electrical properties. The ten-junction array exhibited current–voltage characteristics that can be described by the resistively shunted junction model at 78K. Flat giant Shapiro steps were observed in both cases. We believe that the ion-damaged high-Tc superconducting Josephson junction is a good candidate to form large numbers of junctions in series arrays that can function above 77K for quantum voltage standards and other applications.
Measuring GALILEO‘s Multipath Channel

One leading point in the choice of the signal format for the Galileo System is the multipath transmission channel. Studies concerning the signal structure (e.g. ESA Signal Design Study) [1] had clearly shown that the synchronisation performance of a specific signal strongly depends on the reflections in the environment. Especially, short delayed reflections significantly decrease the performance of the receiver. The positioning error becomes even worse if these reflections are strong and slowly varying over time, which is predominant in pedestrian applications. Although narrowband channels like GSM (COST 207) [2] or UMTS have been measured in the past, it became necessary to analyse the wideband navigation channel to minimize multipath effects in future highly accurate receivers. For these reasons we measured the channel from the satellite to a receiver in critical urban and suburban scenarios. This paper will present first preliminary statements and conclusions for typical applications.