Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving (5th Edition)

From the Publisher: Combines the theoretical foundations of intelligent problem-solving with he data structures and algorithms needed for its implementation. The book presents logic, rule, object and agent-based architectures, along with example programs written in LISP and PROLOG. The practical applications of AI have been kept within the context of its broader goal: understanding the patterns of intelligence as it operates in this world of uncertainty, complexity and change. The introductory and concluding chapters take a new look at the potentials and challenges facing artificial intelligence and cognitive science. An extended treatment of knowledge-based problem-solving is given including model-based and case-based reasoning. Includes new material on: Fundamentals of search, inference and knowledge representation AI algorithms and data structures in LISP and PROLOG Production systems, blackboards, and meta-interpreters including planers, rule-based reasoners, and inheritance systems. Machine-learning including ID3 with bagging and boosting, explanation based learning, PAC learning, and other forms of induction Neural networks, including perceptrons, back propogation, Kohonen networks, Hopfield networks, Grossberg learning, and counterpropagation. Emergent and social methods of learning and adaptation, including genetic algorithms, genetic programming and artificial life. Object and agent-based problem solving and other forms of advanced knowledge representation
Associations of diet and physical activity with body mass index, body fat and waist circumference in Azorean adolescents

XV List of abbreviations. XVII General introduction. 19 Chapter 1. 23 Theoretical background. 25 Chapter 2. 67 Experimental work. 69 Paper I. 71 Paper II. 97 Paper III. 105 Paper IV. 115 Chapter 3. 141 Overall discussion. 143 Chapter 4. 147 Conclusions. 149 Perspectives for future research. 149 References. 151
VALIDATION OF BORG’S RPE 6-20 SCALE IN MALE INDUSTRIALWORKERS OF SHIRAZ CITY BASED ON HEART RATE

Background and Objective: Subjective assessment is a common method for physical workload estimation. In recent years, assessment of perceived exertion or related symptoms of subjective fatigue during physical work has mostly relied upon psycho-physical measurement techniques. Rating scales are the most commonly used measurement instrument in psychology. Borg’s RPE is a simple tool for measuring physical work intensity. This study was conducted to validate Borg’s RPE 6-20 scale (Borg’s Rating of Perceived Exertion) in male industrial workers of Shiraz city. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 500 healthy male workers employed in Shiraz city industries participated voluntarily (age ranged from 20 to 59 years). Subjects were assessed by ergocycle test according to Astrand protocol for 6 minutes. The participants were asked to rate the Borg’s RPE scale during the test at the end of each minute. Additionally, heart rate was recorded by heart rate monitoring device at the end of each minute. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient (r) indicated a high correlation between RPE and heart rate (r= 0.847). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a high correlation between RPE and HR and confirmed the results of previous studies. Therefore, it can be concluded that Borg’s RPE 6-20 scale may be used to assess the physical work intensity among healthy Iranian male workers. ►Please cite this paper as: Daneshmandi H, Choobineh AR, Rajaee- Fard AR. Validation of Borg’s RPE 6-20 Scale in Male Industrial Workers of Shiraz City Based on Heart Rate. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2012;11(1):1-10
Proceedings of the 12th ACM conference on Computer and communications security

It is a pleasure and honor to welcome you to the 12th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. This year's conference will continue its tradition of being a premier forum for the presentation of results in security research. We have an excellent program comprising of the research track, industry track, eight workshops and four tutorials that cover a variety of interests and disciplines in the area of computer and communications security.
Empirical evidence of systemic tail risk premium in the Johannesburg Stock Exchange

This paper assesses the impact of systematic tail risk of stocks, defined as a stock’s exposure to market tail events, on the cross section returns of an emerging stock exchange, especially the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) from January 2002 through June 2018. If stock market investors are crash-averse, then holding stocks that experience high exposure to market tail events should be rewarded with a premium. The paper therefore sets out to determine whether high exposure to market tail events translates into higher returns of stocks traded on the JSE. To achieve this objective, the study extends on the work of Chabi-Yo, Ruenzi and Weigert (2015) based on extreme value theory (EVT) and copula models as well as the traditional asset pricing tools of portfolio formation and cross-sectional regressions. The results of the empirical analysis support the existence of a systematic tail risk premium in the JSE. Interestingly, the effect of systematic tail risk on the cross section of JSE returns is time-varying and independent from that of risk measures such as beta and downside beta and firm characteristics such as book-to-market (BTM) ratio, size and past returns. In addition, the study provides evidence on the impact of financial crises on crash aversion.
Highlights for Dental Care as a Hepatitis C Risk Factor: A Review of Literature

Abstract Hepatitis C (HCV) is a viral infection that affects an estimated 71 million people worldwide, with over 1 million new infections yearly. While medical treatments exist, HCV continues to be a significant public health concern. Primary prevention and transmission risk factor identification remain key in helping decrease disease prevalence. While intravenous drug use, healthcare exposure (i.e. blood transfusions and surgical care), and body modification (i.e. tattooing and piercings) are well accepted risk factors for HCV transmission, others remain controversial. Because dental practice is often associated with procedures and bleeding, the possibility of HCV transmission seemed reasonable to investigate. Here, we review the evidence for dental care as a potential risk factor for HCV transmission. We identified a total of 1,180 manuscripts related to HCV and dental care, of which 26 manuscripts were included in the study after exclusionary criteria were applied. As per our review of the available literature, in the developing world, the improper use of sterile technique and lack of provider education likely increases the risk of HCV transmission during dental care. In developed nations, on the other hand, general dental care does not appear to be a significant risk factor for HCV transmission in non-intravenous drug user patients; although, the improper use and reuse of anesthetics during procedures poses a rare potential risk for viral transmission.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BRUCELLOSIS IN HIGH RISK GROUP & PUO PATIENTS OF WESTERN - RAJASTHAN

Background: Brucellosis is an important re-emerging zoonosis with a worldwide distribution. Brucellosis in India is yet a very common but often neglected disease. Methods: A retro prospective study was done in western Rajasthan on PUO patients those who attended Hospital attached of Dr. SNMC Jodhpur. Total 570 samples were tested for Brucella antibodies titration. In study group samples of PUO Patients (420), Milkmen & Veterinarians (70), Meat Handlers (30) & Healthy Control (50) were taken for finding their Antibrucella antibody titers Typhoid by Widal Test, Malaria by MP Strip Test were included in exclusion criteria for PUO patients All samples were tested by Stained Febrile Antigen. Results: Positivity for Antibrucella Antibody was 25.72%, 26.66%, 37.14%& 6.00% in PUO Patients, Meat Handlers & Veterinarians, Milkman & Healthy Control respectively. Conclusion & Recommendations: As climatic conditions of Western Rajasthan mimics with Middle East where Brucellosis is prevalent, in clinical practice Brucellosis should be kept in differential diagnosis & management of PUO& all preventive measure should be used for prevention of this Zoonotic disease. A safe and effective vaccine in human is not yet available. Prevention is dependent upon increasing public awareness through health education programmes and safe livestock practices. Active co-operation between health and veterinary services should be promoted.
PAEDIATRIC SELECTION The Lancet (2000) M. McPhillips, P. G. Hepper & G. Mulhern. Effects of replicating primary- reflex movements on specific reading difficulties in children : A randomised, double- blind, controlled trial . Vol. 353, pp. 537–541.

Randomised, double-blind, controlled trials are few and far between in studies of interventions for specific learning difficulties. Those of us working with today’s orthodox treatments are well aware of how few of them are based on evidence that meets the ‘gold standard’ of the randomised controlled trial. Therefore we have to sit up and take notice when a trial of an ‘unorthodox’ approach is published in The Lancet. The study reported in this paper is based on the theory that persistence of primary or primitive reflexes beyond the first year of life interferes with subsequent development and, furthermore, that it is possible to do something about it by using a specific movement programme that replicates the movements of the primary-reflex system and reduces the persistence of the ATNR.
PERSPECTIVES OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN MOROCCO

After few years of the marketing of alternative banking products in Morocco, it is advisable to make a preliminary assessment of the current situation of these products, their marketing and the satisfaction of Moroccans. The objectives of this work are to diagnose the market of alternative products in Morocco, evaluate the satisfaction of Moroccans toward alternative products, observe the interest of Moroccans in the use of alternative products and develop a synthesis and recommendations based on the weaknesses identified in the study. Data was collected using Google survey and help from some Moroccan bank’s staff, and SPSS was used for data analysis.
Audio Tagging using Linear Noise Modelling Layer

Label noise refers to the presence of inaccurate target labels in a dataset. It is an impediment to the performance of a deep neural network (DNN) as the network tends to overfit to the label noise, hence it becomes imperative to devise a generic methodology to counter the effects of label noise. FSDnoisy18k is an audio dataset collected with the aim of encouraging research on label noise for sound event classification. The dataset contains∼42.5 hours of audio recordings divided across 20 classes, with a small amount of manually verified labels and a large amount of noisy data. Using this dataset, our work intends to explore the potential of modelling the label noise distribution by adding a linear layer on top of a baseline network. The accuracy of the approach is compared to an alternative approach of adopting a noise robust loss function. Results show that modelling the noise distribution improves the accuracy of the baseline network in a similar capacity to the soft bootstrapping loss.
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITY AND SOME BIOSTIMULANTS ON PLANT WATER RELATIONSHIP, WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF TOMATO GROWN IN PLASTIC HOUSE

Two plastic house experiments were conducted in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons at EL-Kassasein Research Station, Hort. Res. Inst. , Agric. Res. Center, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. It aims to study the effect of irrigation water quantities (IWQ), some bio-stimulants and their interactions on growth, plant water relationship and yield as well as water use efficiency of tomato plants under sandy soil conditions. The obtained results showed that, tomato plants which irrigated with high level of water (153 m/plastic house) combined with Actosol + Effective microorganism (EM) as soil application, significantly increased main stem length, number of leaves/main stem, and dry weight of main stem, total and free water (%) in leaf tissues, fruit weight, yield/plant and total yield/ plastic house in both seasons. While, the lowest values of the above-mentioned parameters were recorded with the interaction between the lowest level of IWQ (91 m/plastic house) and fertilized with the recommended mineral nitrogen dose (control) in both seasons. Bound water (%) in leaf tissues and water use efficiency as well as TSS (%) in tomato fruits were increased with the interaction between the lowest level of IWQ and Actosol + EM in both seasons.
Microtus guentheri, Microtus arvalis ve Microtus majori (Mammalia: Rodentia) Türlerinin Sitogenetik Özellikleri: Konstitütif Heterokromatin Dağılımı

Bu calismada, Guentheri tarla faresi ( Microtus guentheri ), Kisa kulakli kir faresi ( Microtus majori ) ve Yaygin tarla faresi ( Microtus arvalis ) turlerinin standart karyotipleri ve kromozomlarin C-bant ozellikleri belirlendi. M. guentheri turunun diploid kromozom sayisi (2n) = 54 ve otozomal kromozomlarin kol sayisi (NFa) = 52, M. arvalis ( obscurus sitotip) turunun 2n = 46 ve NFa = 68, M.majori turunun 2n = 54 ve NFa = 56 seklindedir. M. guentheri otozomal ve esey kromozomlarda pericentromerik C-bant oldugu belirlendi. Microtus arvalis ( obscurus sitotip) ve Microtus majori karyotiplerinde otozomal kromozomlar C bant pozitif ve negatif seklindedir. M. arvalis turunde X ve Y kromozomu C bant negatif ozelliktedir. M. majori karyotipinde X kromozomunun uzun kolunda sentromerden telomere dogru genislemis heterokromatin blok bulunmaktadir. Y kromozomu ise tamamen heterokromatindir.
CamNet: Coarse-to-Fine Retrieval for Camera Re-Localization

Camera re-localization is an important but challenging task in applications like robotics and autonomous driving. Recently, retrieval-based methods have been considered as a promising direction as they can be easily generalized to novel scenes. Despite significant progress has been made, we observe that the performance bottleneck of previous methods actually lies in the retrieval module. These methods use the same features for both retrieval and relative pose regression tasks which have potential conflicts in learning. To this end, here we present a coarse-to-fine retrieval-based deep learning framework, which includes three steps, i.e., image-based coarse retrieval, pose-based fine retrieval and precise relative pose regression. With our carefully designed retrieval module, the relative pose regression task can be surprisingly simpler. We design novel retrieval losses with batch hard sampling criterion and two-stage retrieval to locate samples that adapt to the relative pose regression task. Extensive experiments show that our model (CamNet) outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a large margin on both indoor and outdoor datasets.
ATVR: An Attention Training System using Multitasking and Neurofeedback on Virtual Reality Platform

We present an attention training system based on the principles of multitasking training scenario and neurofeedback, which can be targeted on PCs and VR platforms. Our training system is a video game following the principle of multitasking training, which is designed for all ages. It adopts a non-invasive Electroencephalography (EEG) device Emotiv EPOC+ to collect EEG. Then wavelet package transformation(WPT) is applied to extract specific components of EEG signals. We then build a multi-class supporting vector machine(SVM) to classify different attention levels. The training system is built with the Unity game engine, which can be targeted on both desktops and Oculus VR headsets. We also launched an experiment by applying the system to preliminarily evaluate the effectiveness of our system. The results show that our system can generally improve users' abilities of multitasking and attention level.
Assessment of Gender Participation in Fadama III Project among Small-holder Crop Farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

Gender participation is a concept used in many developmental studies to look at roles and differences between men and women on their experiences as members of society. This study assessed gender participation in Fadama III project among small-holder crop farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. Interview guide was used to elicit information from 240 Fadama small-holder crop farmers. The sample comprised 120 men and 120 women crop farmers. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentage, mean and charts were used to analyze the data while independent sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. Findings revealed that most of the respondents (men and women) were above 50 years of age. Majority (85% and 74.2%) of men and women respectively were married with 43.3% and 28.3% of men and women respondents respectively had one form of formal education or the other, 50.9% of men earn between N151,000 N200,000 while most women earn between N101,000 N150,000 as their average monthly income. Majority (61.7%, 57.5% and 59.9%) of men and (54.2%, 51.2% and 52.1%) of women respondents fully participated in need assessment, advisory service training and conflict resolution respectively. However, 59.4% of men and 52.2% of men and women respondents respectively agreed strongly to increased productivity while 56.9% of men and 50.5% of women respondents strongly agreed that they had increased income as a result of increased productivity. It was revealed that inadequate funding, untimely disbursement and payment of counterpart fund were some of the highest constraints to participation of men and women in Fadama programme. The result of t-test revealed that there was a significant difference between men and women participation in Fadama programme (t=68.35 for men and t=59.29 for women, p<0.01). The study therefore, concludes that men were more fully participated in Fadama III programme in the study area. Hence, it was recommended that prompt payment of counterpart fund by state government and beneficiaries will ensure early and timely disbursement of fund by international development organization. Gender policies should be encouraged which would facilitate equal participation of both men and women in poverty reduction programme like Fadama project.
Measurement and correlation of solubility of ethylparaben in pure and binary solvents and thermodynamic properties of solution

Solubility data of bioactive compound such as ethylparaben (EtP) are important for the scientific and community. Therefore, in present study, solubility, solution thermodynamics and solute-solvent interactions (at molecular level) of EtP in nine cosolvent mixtures (1-propanol {n-PrOH) (1) + methanol (MeOH) (2)} including pure solvent (methanol and 1-propanol) at three different temperatures, i.e. (T =283.2 K, 298.2 K, and 313.2 K) and constant pressure (p = 0.1 MPa) were studied. Experimental solubility of EtP (expressed in mole fraction) was observed highest in n-PrOH at 313.2 K, so, mole fraction solubility of EtP (x3) increases when temperature arises and increases with n-PrOH proportion increasing. Ideal solubilities of EtP were estimated using their thermal parameters at three different temperatures. Ideal solubilities of EtP were observed similar to experimental solubilities of EtP at each temperature. With the help of ideal solubilities of EtP, activity coefficients were estimated. Based on estimated values of activity coefficients, highest interactions at molecular level were observed in rich-MeOH mixtures. Apparent thermodynamic analysis data showed endothermic and enthalpy-driven dissolution of EtP in each solvent and mixture studied. Solubility behavior was adequately correlated by means of the van’t Hoff and Yalkowsky-Roseman models combined.
Preditores cardiovasculares da mortalidade em idosos longevos

This article investigates the association between cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the oldest old. In 1996, 91% of the population ³ 80 years of age from Veranopolis, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were evaluated to detect cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity. The sample was followed up for three years, with the assessment of deaths. The analysis was done using univariate statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis. There were 41 deaths (21%): 20 men and 21 women. Deaths were distributed by year as follow: 03 (7.3%) in the first year, 08 (19.5%) in the second, and 30 (73.2%) in the third. There was a significant and independent association between death and the following variables: diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, ApoA-I, prior stroke (CVA), right bundle branch block (RBBB), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by ECG. Survivors presented higher levels of DBP, TC, LDL-C, ApoA-I, CVA, RBBB and LVH. According to the multivariate analysis, the variables were independent risk factors for mortality. Cardiovascular risk factors appear to have a distinct impact on the oldest old.
Teaching of complex technological processes using simulations

Simulation based on mathematical modelling can be used for investigation, prediction and control of industrial processes and systems,and for educational purposes. This paper deals with the last objective. Virtual equipment can replace equipment that is unavailable orthat cannot be used for educational purposes; it is of particular importance for complex technological processes and processingequipment. The technical and methodological aspects of online virtual simulations are discussed. Another challenge is to integratevirtual experiments that are based on mathematical modelling and simulation by classroom and real laboratory work in order to providethe most efficient method of mastering engineering courses. Examples of visual simulations for engineering educationyand professionaldevelopment as well as an approach to combining real and virtual experiments at the Department of Ferrous Metallurgy, RWTHAachen University are presented.
The Effectiveness of Dipstick for the Detection of Urinary Tract Infection

Background The balance between the choices of UTI diagnostic tools in most primary care settings has been settled for by the more rapid, less labour-intensive dipstick. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dipstick for diagnosing UTI. Method A total of 429 urine samples were collected from patients suspected of UTI; cultured on cysteine-lactose-electrolyte-deficient (CLED) agar, blood agar, and MacConkey agar; and incubated at 37°C overnight. Urine cultures with bacteria count ≥105 cfu/ml were classified as “positive” for UTI. A dipstick was used to screen for the production of nitrite (NIT) and leucocyte esterase (LE), following the manufacturer's instructions. Biochemical reactions of nitrite and leucocyte esterase > “trace” were classified as “positive. ” A quantitative urine culture was used as the gold standard. Results The highest sensitivity value and negative predictive value were recorded for the combined “NIT+ or LE+” dipstick results. The highest specificity value, positive predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were recorded for “nitrite-positive and leucocyte esterase-positive” results. Combined “nitrite-positive or leucocyte-positive” result was relatively the best indicator for accurate dipstick diagnosis, with AUC = 0.7242. Cohen's kappa values between dipstick diagnosis and quantitative culture were <0.6. Conclusion Combined performance of nitrite and leucocyte esterase results appeared better than the solo performance of nitrite and leucocyte esterase. However, little confidence should be placed on dipstick diagnosis; hence, request for quantity culture should be encouraged in the primary healthcare settings.