Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Test Generation Complexity for Stuck-At and Path Delay Faults Based on tauk-Notation

In this paper, we discuss the relationship between the test generation complexity for path delay faults (PDFs) and that for stuck-at faults (SAFs) in combinational and sequential circuits using the recently introduced τk-notation. On the other hand, we also introduce a class of cyclic sequential circuits that are easily testable, namely two-column distributive state-shiftable finite state machine realizations (2CD-SSFSM). Then, we discuss the relevant conjectures and unsolved problems related to the test generation for sequential circuits with PDFs under different clock schemes and test generation models.
Early emotional prosody perception based on different speaker voices

Decoding verbal and nonverbal emotional expressions is an important part of speech communication. Although various studies have tried to specify the brain regions that underlie different emotions conveyed in speech, few studies have aimed to specify the time course of emotional speech decoding. We used event-related potentials to determine when emotional speech is first differentiated from neutral speech. Participants engaged in an implicit emotional processing task (probe verification) while listening to emotional sentences spoken by a female and a male speaker. Independent of speaker voice, emotional sentences could be differentiated from neutral sentences as early as 200 ms after sentence onset (P200), suggesting rapid emotional decoding.
Microbial flora of the eyes of cattle

The bacteria and mycoplasma occurring in the eyes of normal healthy calves were monitored in three groups of animals from purchase at about one week old to slaughter at about 15 months old. Non-haemolytic Moraxella bovis, Branhamella catarrhalis and Mycoplasma bovoculi were all isolated regularly, though their seasonal occurrence varied. The significance of these findings with respect to infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is discussed.
Rainbow Arithmetic Progressions in Finite Abelian Groups

For positive integers $n$ and $k$, the \emph{anti-van der Waerden number} of $\mathbb{Z}_n$, denoted by $aw(\mathbb{Z}_n,k)$, is the minimum number of colors needed to color the elements of the cyclic group of order $n$ and guarantee there is a rainbow arithmetic progression of length $k$. Butler et al. showed a reduction formula for $aw(\mathbb{Z}_{n},3) = 3$ in terms of the prime divisors of $n$. In this paper, we analagously define the anti-van der Waerden number of a finite abelian group $G$ and show $aw(G,3)$ is determined by the order of $G$ and the number of groups with even order in a direct sum isomorphic to $G$. The \emph{unitary anti-van der Waerden number} of a group is also defined and determined.
Flame-spreading Process over Thin Aluminum Sheets in Oxygen-enriched Environments

Abstract An experimental study of flame-spreading process over thin aluminum (99 % Al and 1 % Mn( sheets was investigated in oxygen-enriched environments. The objective of this study was to determine the dependency of flame-spreading rate over aluminum sheets as a function of initial chamber pressure, sample thickness, oxygen purity, oxygen flow condition, and sample orientation. The reaction mechanism of aluminum in oxygen was also studied by examining the recovered partially-burned sample using a scanning electron microscope (SEM( coupled with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS(. The flame-spreading rate over aluminum sheets was measured by an array of fast-response lead-selenide (Pb-Se( IR photodetectors. The initial chamber pressure was varied from 0.1 to 6.3MPa. Two grades of oxygen gas were used with purities of 99.996 % and 99.75 %. In terms of the effect of pressure on the flame-spreading rate, as the initial chamber pressure was increased, the flame-spreading rate was found to increase to a m.
Pseudo-resonant full bridge DC/DC converter

This paper proposes a new dc/dc converter topology which combines the ease of control and wide range of conventional dc/dc converters, with low switching losses, low dv/dt and low EMI that is typical of zero voltage switched resonant converters. Consequently, the ratings of these components are substantially lower than for similarly rated resonant topologies. Operation at very high frequencies is possible and is shown with the fabrication of a 200 watt, 1 MHz dc/dc converter.
Possible character displacement of an introduced mongoose and native marten on Adriatic Islands, Croatia

Character displacement and release can occur quickly in novel environments and communities. Species introductions are ‘natural experiments’ in which evolutionary changes can be studied as community composition varies. We asked whether morphologies of the introduced small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) and the larger native stone marten (Martes foina) on Adriatic islands where they are sympatric or allopatric are consistent with hypotheses of character displacement and release, respectively.
One-Volt Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer

A quantum-accurate waveform with an rms output amplitude of 1 V has been synthesized for the first time. This fourfold increase in voltage over previous systems was achieved through developments and improvements in bias electronics, pulse-bias techniques, Josephson junction array circuit fabrication, and packaging. A recently described ac-coupled bipolar pulse-bias technique was used to bias a superconducting integrated circuit with 25 600 junctions, which are equally divided into four series-connected arrays, into the second quantum state. We describe these advancements and present the measured 1 V spectra for 2 Hz and 10 Hz sine waves that remained quantized over a 0.4 mA current range. We also demonstrate a 2 kHz sine wave produced with another bias technique that requires no compensation current and remains quantized at an rms voltage of 128 mV over a 1 mA current range. Increasing the clock frequency to 19 GHz also allowed us to achieve a maximum rms output voltage for a single array of 330 mV.
REMOVAL OF ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE FROM DRINKING WATER WITH CAKE ALUM AND A POLYMERIC ANIONIC FLOCCULENT

SUMMARY: The combined use of cake alum and a polymeric anionic floccu-lent (PAF) for removal of arsenic (As) and fluoride (F) from drinking water hasbeen evaluated in water from two wells at Meoqui City, Chihuahua, Mexico.Field data revealed that As and F concentrations may, by this method, be re-duced up to 99% and 77%, respectively. The addition of small amounts of PAFgreatly facilitated sedimentation of the precipitate. Sodium hydroxide (8%NaOH solution) was used to adjust the pH near to an optimal 7.1. The effi-ciency of F removal depended on the amount of cake alum employed andvaried with pH, whereas As removal required only the presence of cake alum.Adsorption of inorganic contaminants, which helps precipitation of metal hy-droxide solids, was likely to be the dominant mechanism for F and As re-moval. Keywords: Arsenic removal; Cake alum; Drinking water; Fluoride removal; Groundwater;Polymeric anionic flocculent. INTRODUCTION Groundwater contamination by arsenic (As) and by fluoride (F) can resultfrom the natural dissolution of minerals from subterranean strata.
Menière's Disease

FROM the results of a clinical and statistical study of 350 cases of Meniere's disease the following conclusions may be drawn. Acute disease or surgical operation, particularly dental extractions, seem sometimes to be related to the onset of the complaint. Allergy and true migraine do not frequently coexist. Allergy in general is not an important factor. Long duration of the complaint does not seem to be an adverse factor in prognosis but advanced age does. The surgical treatment of infection in nose, mouth or throat does as a whole improve the prognosis as compared with cases not so treated. Of such surgical treatment dental extractions are found to produce the most favourable results with tonsillectomy a good second; operations on the nasal sinuses, however, do not seem to improve the prognosis but this may be accounted for by their failure adequately to influence the relevant infection.
Absence of association between Guillain-Barré syndrome hospitalizations and HPV-vaccine

ABSTRACT Background: In 2008, a school-based human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination program was implemented in the province of Québec. Grade 4 girls (9–10 years old) are routinely vaccinated and grade 9 to 12 girls (14–17 years old) were eligible for the catch-up vaccination. Vaccine coverage of the targeted cohorts was estimated at 76–81%. To assess if HPV vaccination is associated with an increase in GBS hospitalisation, we compared the hospitalization rates of GBS in HPV vaccination targeted and non-targeted groups. Methods: Hospital discharge records with a GBS code as the main diagnosis during the 1999–2014 period were retrieved. Incidence rates according to program eligibility were computed and adjusted relative risk in the targeted groups was estimated by Poisson regression. Results: The overall incidence rate in the 7 to 17 year-olds was 0.73/100,000 p-y. There was no increase in GBS incidence in HPV vaccination targeted groups (adjusted IRR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.29–2.26). Conclusion: No signal of increase GBS hospitalisation incidence in the HPV-vaccine targeted group was detected in the hospitalisation database.
Performance modelling and analysis of weighted fair queueing for scheduling in communication networks : an investigation into the development of new scheduling algorithms for weighted fair queueing system with finite buffer

Analytical modelling and characterization of Weighted Fair Queueing (WFQ) have recently received considerable attention by several researches since WFQ offers the minimum delay and optimal fairness guarantee. However, all previous work on WFQ has focused on developing approximations of the scheduler with an infinite buffer because of supposed scalability problems in the WFQ computation. The main aims of this thesis are to study WFQ system, by providing an analytical WFQ model which is a theoretical construct based on a form of processor sharing for finite capacity. Furthermore, the solutions for classes with Poisson arrivals and exponential service are derived and verified against global balance solution. This thesis shows that the analytical models proposed can give very good results under particular conditions which are very close to WFQ algorithms, where accuracy of the models is verified by simulations of WFQ model. Simulations were performed with QNAP-2 simulator. In addition, the thesis presents several performance studies signifying the power of the proposed analytical model in providing an accurate delay bounds to a large number of classes. These results are not able to cover all unsolved issues in the WFQ system. They represent a starting point for the research activities that the Author will conduct in the future. The author believes that the most promising research activities exist in the scheduler method to provide statistical guarantees to multi-class services. The author is convinced that alternative software, for example, on the three class model buffer case, is able to satisfy the large number of buffer because of the software limitation in this thesis. While they can be a good topic for long-term research, the short-medium term will show an increasing interest in the modification of the WFQ models to provide differentiated services. Dedicated to my parents, my husband and my lovely son . keep inspiring me!
The association of health literacy with cervical cancer prevention knowledge and health behaviors in a multiethnic cohort of women.

OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to describe the relationship between health literacy, ethnicity, and cervical cancer screening practices and to evaluate physician recognition of low literacy. STUDY DESIGN We studied a prospective cohort of English-speaking patients > or =18 years (n = 529) in ambulatory women's clinics. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate demographics, health practices and beliefs, and knowledge regarding cervical cancer screening and prevention. Physicians' assessments of patient reading skills were obtained. RESULTS Low health literacy (<9th grade) was found among 40% of participants. Minority women were half as likely to know the purpose of the Papanicolaou test (9% vs 21%; P <.03) and were significantly more likely to have low literacy levels compared with white women (46% vs 15%; P <.05). Literacy was the only factor independently associated with knowledge related to cervical cancer screening (adjusted odds ratio, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.05-4.80). Physicians detected only 20% of the lowest readers. CONCLUSION Poor health literacy was a better predictor of cervical cancer screening knowledge than ethnicity or education, yet physicians infrequently recognized low literacy. Improved physician awareness and development of low literacy interventions may improve cervical cancer screening, particularly for the most vulnerable women.
[Presenting signs and symptoms of central nervous system tumors according to age].

INTRODUCTION Central nervous system tumors are the second most frequent group of neoplasms in children and are the main cause of cancer-related deaths in the pediatric population. There are no specific clinical findings. Consequently clinical data that would aid diagnosis are required. OBJECTIVE To establish the presenting signs and symptoms of brain tumors in childhood according to age and identify their influence on diagnostic delay. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively studied 69 patients with central nervous system tumors diagnosed between January 1997 and December 2002 in the Virgen del Rocío children's hospital. RESULTS At diagnosis, 60.9 % of the patients were in the most advanced clinical stages. The most commonly found signs were papilledema, ataxia and squint, with no differences among age groups. The most frequent symptoms were vomiting, headache and behavior changes (irritability in children aged less than 5 years and unhappiness in children aged more than 5 years). Diagnostic delay was longer in older children. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic signs and symptoms of central nervous tumors are non-specific. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis.
Some surface views of the stria vascularis and its adjacent areas.

The surface views of the stria vascularis and its adjacent areas are presented after a silver reaction, a glutamic dehydrogenase staining and a H-3-uridine autoradiography. Between the stria vascularis and the spiral prominence, as well as Reissner's membrane, some rows of spindle-formed cells were observed on the endolymphatic surface running parallel to the stria vascularis from the base to the apex of the cochlea. The H-3-uridine autoradiography of the endolymph administration revealed distinct labels of the stria vascularis and the spiral prominence. From these results, the resorptive function of the stria vascularis and the spiral prominence is discussed.
MURRAY VALLEY ENCEPHALITIS: PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS

The symptoms and signs found at all ages were typical of the general picture of an acute viral encephalitis, and did not allow the disease to be clinically distinguished from the other viral encephalitides common overseasJapanese B encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and human infections with western and eastern equine encephalomyelitis-nor from the cases of Australian X disease reported in 1917 and 1918.
Predictors of Mortality in Cirrhosis Inpatients With Clostridium difficile Infection

Background: Clostridium difficile is a bacterial pathogen associated with significant morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Goals: Our primary aim is to identify variables that are predictive of poor outcomes in cirrhosis patients with C. difficile infection (CDI). We also aim to further characterize the risk factors for developing CDI and risk of mortality in this patient population. Study: A total of 200 subjects with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and CDI were matched to 200 cirrhosis inpatients without CDI. The groups were compared to evaluate variables associated with decreased survival for cirrhosis inpatients with CDI as well as risk factors for developing CDI. Results: Cirrhosis patients with CDI were more frequently prescribed antibiotics during their hospitalization (P=0.002) and cared for in an intensive care unit (ICU) (P<0.001). Preadmission proton pump inhibitor and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) prophylactic antibiotic use were not significantly different between the 2 cohorts. CDI subjects had an increased 30-day mortality (44% vs. 28.5%, P=0.034), however overall mortality was not significantly different (P=0.2). The multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated an increased 30-day and overall mortality in the CDI population was independently associated with albumin <3 g/dL and ICU admission. Conclusions: C. difficile infections are associated with a significant increase in 30-day mortality, but not overall mortality. Risk factors of ICU admission and antibiotic exposure were associated with the diagnosis of CDI in cirrhosis patients. Hypoalbuminemia and ICU admission were found to be strong predictors of increased mortality in cirrhosis patients with CDI.
A General Framework Based on a Hybrid Analytical Model for the Analysis and Design of Permanent Magnet Machines

The aim of this paper is to highlight the capabilities of a new hybrid analytical modeling (HAM) approach for the analysis and design of various electromagnetic structures. After an introduction, where the aim of the development of this modeling approach is presented, the modeling approach is described. The new HAM is based on a strong coupling of the magnetic equivalent circuits method and analytical models (AMs). The AM, based on the formal solution of Maxwell's equations, is established thanks to the separation of variables method. The HAM is applied to different permanent magnet electric machine structures, and the results are validated extensively by comparison with the finite-element analyses.
Glycosaminoglycan-binding properties and secondary structure of the C-terminus of netrin-1.

Netrins are soluble neurite-outgrowth-promoting proteins related to the laminin B2 chain. Since these proteins and their receptor DCC (the "deleted in colorectal carcinoma" gene product) bind heparin, glycosaminoglycans may modulate their biological actions in a similar fashion as described for several other ligand-receptor systems. Here we show that a polypeptide encompassing the C-terminal cluster of basic amino acids of netrin-1 (i) adopts an alpha-helical conformation in water-trifluoroethanol mixtures according to circular dichroism experiments and (ii) binds electrostatically to heparin with high affinity under physiological ionic conditions (K(D) = 15 nM for the binding to immobilized heparin according to surface plasmon resonance, K(D) = 50 nM in solution as determined with isothermal titration calorimetry). These data indicate that the cluster of basic amino acids at the C-terminus of netrin-1 forms an alpha-helical structural element which can contribute to the glycosaminoglycan-binding activity of this neurotrophic guidance molecule.
Antifungal prophylaxis following reduced‐intensity stem cell transplantation

Abstract: Reduced‐intensity stem cell transplantation (RIST) has been developed to be a novel curative option for advanced hematologic diseases. Its minimal toxicity allows for transplantation in patients with advanced age or with organ dysfunction. Young patients without comorbidity can undergo RIST as outpatients. However, fungal infection remains an important complication in RIST. Given the poor prognosis of fungal infection, prophylaxis is critical in its management. The prophylactic strategy is recently changing with the development of RIST. Hospital equipment is important for fungal prophylaxis; however, the median day for the development of fungal infection is day 100, when most RIST patients are followed as outpatients. The focus of fungal management after RIST needs to shift from in‐hospital equipment to oral antifungals. Various antifungals have recently been developed and introduced for clinical use. A major change in antifungal management will probably occur within several years.
Targeted Naltrexone for Problem Drinkers

This study aimed to replicate and extend prior research showing that the targeted use of naltrexone is a useful strategy to reduce heavy drinking. We compared the effects of naltrexone with those of placebo in a sample of 163 individuals (58.3% male) whose goal was to reduce their drinking to safe limits. Patients received study medication (ie, naltrexone 50 mg or placebo) and were instructed to use it daily or targeted to situations identified by them as being high risk for heavy drinking. An interactive voice response system was used to obtain daily reports of drinking and medication use during the 12-week trial. Analyses were conducted using hierarchical linear modeling, with sex as a potential moderator variable. On the primary outcome measure, mean drinks per day, at week 12, men in the targeted naltrexone group drank significantly less than patients in the other groups did. On a secondary outcome measure, drinks per drinking day, during week 12, the targeted naltrexone group drank significantly less than the other groups did, with no moderating effect of sex. These results support the use of a targeted approach to reduce drinking among heavy drinkers, particularly men, but argue for the use of additional strategies or more efficacious medications than naltrexone to increase the effects of such an intervention.
Variant eotaxin: its effects on the asthma phenotype.

BACKGROUND Eotaxin, a CC chemokine expressed in the asthmatic lung, has been associated with impaired lung function. The role of its variant form is unknown. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect the population frequency and effects of a known single-nucleotide polymorphism in the eotaxin gene in which a threonine residue (THR(23)) is substituted for the wild-type alanine (ALA(23)) at the 23rd amino acid at the terminus of the peptide leader sequence. METHODS We measured eotaxin protein secretion in 293 cells transfected with expression vectors and in PBMCs obtained from individuals bearing the alternative forms of the gene. A case-control study of plasma eotaxin levels and eosinophil counts, a comparison of baseline lung function by genotype in a population of 806 subjects with asthma, and a comparison of the allele frequency with a nonasthmatic population were performed. RESULTS Human 293 cells and PBMCs with THR(23) variant eotaxin secreted significantly less eotaxin protein than did ALA(23)-bearing cells. In the case-control study, THR(23)-THR(23) individuals had lower plasma levels of eotaxin (310 [240-350] vs 420 [270-700] pg/mL; P < .05) and eosinophil counts (120 [5-220] vs 190 [110-470] cells/microL; P < .05) than ALA(23)-ALA(23) subjects; heterozygous subjects had intermediate levels. Higher levels of lung function were associated with THR(23) eotaxin (percent of predicted FEV(1), 65% +/- 3.5% [THR(23)-THR(23)] vs 58% +/- 0.9% [THR(23)-ALA(23)] and 56% +/- 0.5% [ALA(23)-ALA(23)]; P < . 05). CONCLUSION The THR(23) variant is associated with both decreased eosinophil counts and higher levels of lung function in subjects with asthma.