Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thromboprophylaxis for hip and knee surgery: critical appraisal of rivaroxaban

Correspondence: Walter Ageno Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, Viale Borri 57, 21100 Varese – Italy Tel +39 0332 278594 Fax +39 0332 393640 Email agewal@yahoo.com Abstract: Major orthopedic surgery, including total knee replacement surgery (TKR) and total hip replacement (THR) surgery, is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In the absence of prophylactic strategies, the overall incidence of VTE can range between 40% and 60%. Over the last years, the use of anticoagulant drugs such as unfractionated heparin, warfarin, low molecular weight heparin, and fondaparinux has greatly reduced the incidence of this potentially severe complication. Unfortunately, all these anticoagulant drugs present some drawbacks, such as the need for subcutaneous administration or the necessity of frequent laboratory monitoring. More recently, a number of alternative anticoagulant agents have been developed for the prevention of VTE in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery as well as in other high risk groups. Rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, has been extensively studied in the setting of major orthopedic surgery. In the RECORD trials program, two studies, RECORD 1 and RECORD 2 were carried out in patients undergoing total hip replacement, and two studies, RECORD 3 and RECORD 4 were carried out in patients undergoing total knee replacement. In all these studies, rivaroxaban, at the fixed, daily dose of 10 mg, was shown to be more effective than the comparator enoxaparin for the prevention of VTE, with a similar safety profile. Rivaroxaban, which is now approved in many countries for the prevention of VTE in patients undergoing TKR and THR, has the potential to change current clinical practice by simplifying anticoagulant prophylaxis strategies, in particular, in this setting, where extended administration of thromboprophylaxis for as much as five weeks after the surgical procedure is required.
Formation of the First Star Clusters and Massive Star Binaries by Fragmentation of Filamentary Primordial Gas Clouds

We perform a set of cosmological simulations of early structure formation incorporating baryonic streaming motions. We present a case where a significantly elongated gas cloud with ∼104 solar mass (M⊙) is formed in a pre-galactic (∼107 M⊙) dark halo. The gas streaming into the halo compresses and heats the massive filamentary cloud to a temperature of ∼10,000 Kelvin. The gas cloud cools rapidly by atomic hydrogen cooling, and then by molecular hydrogen cooling down to ∼400 Kelvin. The rapid decrease of the temperature and hence of the Jeans mass triggers fragmentation of the filament to yield multiple gas clumps with a few hundred solar masses. We estimate the mass of the primordial star formed in each fragment by adopting an analytic model based on a large set of radiation hydrodynamics simulations of protostellar evolution. The resulting stellar masses are in the range of ∼50–120 M⊙. The massive stars gravitationally attract each other and form a compact star cluster. We follow the dynamics of the star cluster using a hybrid N-body simulation. We show that massive star binaries are formed in a few million years through multi-body interactions at the cluster center. The eventual formation of the remnant black holes will leave a massive black hole binary, which can be a progenitor of strong gravitational wave sources similar to those recently detected by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO).
Effect of pawpaw (Carica papaya) leaf meal and dietary enzymes on broiler performance, digestibility, carcass and blood composition

Des enzymes exogènes et des additifs alimentaires phytogènes sont proposés en alternative aux antibiotiques utilisés comme promoteurs de croissance dans la production de volaille. Cette étude a évalué l’effet de l’incorporation de farine de feuilles de papaye (FFP) et de la supplémentation en enzymes (E) dans le régime alimentaire des poulets de chair. Au total, 288 poulets de chair Arbor Acre d’un jour ont été utilisés. Quatre régimes alimentaires ont été formulés pour être isocaloriques et isoprotéiques : régime 1, témoin (0 % FFP, 0 % E), régime 2 (0 % FFP, 0,05 % E), régime 3 (5 % FFP, 0 % E) et régime 4 (5 % FFP, 0,05 % E). Chaque régime a été répliqué six fois avec 12 poulets dans chaque lot. E a amélioré (p < 0,05) le gain de poids à trois semaines. La digestibilité de la matière sèche (MS), des protéines brutes (PB), des matières grasses et des cendres a été améliorée (p < 0,05) avec E, alors que l’incorporation de FFP a augmenté (p < 0,05) la digestibilité de la MS et des PB. L’interaction E x FFP a été significative (p < 0,05) pour la digestibilité de la MS et des PB. E a amélioré (p < 0,05) le poids à l’abattage et a diminué le poids du foie. Les plaquettes sanguines ont varié selon les régimes et ont augmenté (p < 0,05) avec E. E a réduit (p < 0,05) les lipoprotéines de basse densité (LDL), alors que FFP a réduit (p < 0,05) le cholestérol et les LDL. En conclusion, l’association de E et de FFP a amélioré la croissance des poulets, et la supplémentation en enzymes ou en FFP serait bénéfique pour la santé des poulets.
Effect of frying on the palm oil quality attributes-A review

Frying is one of the most versatile food processing operations employed since antiquity. The establishment of this process is evidenced by a great consumption of fried food around the globe. Despite palm oil is extensively utilised in various frying applications, the preservation of its quality attributes as a result of thermal processing is still a concern to food processors and consumers. This article, therefore, aims to provide an overview of published studies on the behaviour of palm oil, in their pure form and blended with other oils, during frying at various processing conditions. In this review, publications associated to frying stability of palm-based oils were considered to ascertain a series of oil quality indices – i.e. free fatty acid, smoke point, peroxide and p-anisidine values, vitamin E, induction period, fatty acid composition, colour, and polar and polymer compounds – under prolonged thermal processing conditions. Stability of palmbased oil, however, is not solely dependent to the inherent properties of the oils themselves. Hence, the effects of operating conditions (oil temperature, cooking time, frying duration or cycle, oil replenishment, frying system and cookware materials) and food compositions are also discussed in this article.
Performance Appraisal and Employee Productivity in Plateau State Internal Revenue Service, Nigeria

The study examined the effect of Performance Appraisal on Employee Productivity in Plateau State Internal Revenue Service. The study was guided by two objectives and two null hypotheses of no significant relationship. The study adopts survey research design. The population of the study consists of all 1580 employees of PSIRS. The sample size of the study was 319; this was determined using Taro Yamane formula. The sample size was allocated to the population using Bourley’s Proportional formula. The instrument of data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument was subjected to face and content validity. Cronbach alpha method was used to establish the internal consistency of the questionnaire items. A reliability coefficient of 0.85 was obtained. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentages and tables. Logit regression model was used to assess the nature and degree of relationship between dependent variable and independent variables. Log likelihood ratio Chi-square and Log likelihood estimates were used to test model fit of the 2 hypotheses for the study; the z-statistics test was also used to test the independent variables influence on the dependent variable. The study revealed that management by objectives and 360 degree feedback appraisal techniques enhanced employee productivity in PSIRS. It was recommended that, PSIRS should enforce management by objectives in order to enable staff participate in organizational goal setting and understand areas of responsibility so as to further improve productivity. The 360 degree feedback appraisal techniques should also be encouraged to serve as pre-requisite for supervisors and employees to discuss organizational weaknesses, productivity standards and areas of improvement.
Preliminary Study on the Impacts of Variation Engineered Soil Composition in Bioretention on Hydraulic Performance

Engineered filter media are the main component in a bioretention system, which also influenced bioretention performance. Typically, the ranges of soil mixtures were 30-60% of sand, 20–40% of organic compost and 20–30% of topsoil. Hence, this paper aims to examine the hydraulic performance, mainly saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in variation engineered soil composition. The soil characteristics for sand and topsoil were examined. Then, standard permeability tests were conducted for each soil sample. Ksat was determined for each sample. These results were used as the benchmark for permeability test using column. A 74 mm diameter designated column was filled with engineered soil media with different soil composition variations. Ksat data were collected for 2 months to observe the profile of Ksat. The results indicated that there was a reduction in hydraulic Ksat with the variation in composition of engineered soil. The composition of 50% medium to fine sand, 30% topsoil and 20% organic leaf compost provides better Ksat range. The long-term Ksat was obtained from cylindrical cell test where significant declination in Ksat was found within 2 months. These data were useful to predict the design life of filter media by monitoring the permeability rates.
Neutrino-driven explosions of ultra-stripped Type Ic supernovae generating binary neutron stars

We study explosion characteristics of ultra-stripped supernovae (SNe), which are candidates of SNe generating binary neutron stars (NSs). As a first step, we perform stellar evolutionary simulations of bare carbon-oxygen cores of mass from 1.45 to 2.0 $M_\odot$ until the iron cores become unstable and start collapsing. We then perform axisymmetric hydrodynamics simulations with spectral neutrino transport using these stellar evolution outcomes as initial conditions. All models exhibit successful explosions driven by neutrino heating. The diagnostic explosion energy, ejecta mass, Ni mass, and NS mass are typically $\sim 10^{50}$ erg, $\sim 0.1 M_\odot$, $\sim 0. 01M_\odot$, and $\approx 1.3 M_\odot$, which are compatible with observations of rapidly-evolving and luminous transient such as SN 2005ek. We also find that the ultra-stripped SN is a candidate for producing the secondary low-mass NS in the observed compact binary NSs like PSR J0737-3039.
International Conference on Psychology and Education DIAGNOSIS OF THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN PRESCHOOL AGE

The article considers Miyake’s model of executive functions as applied to preschool age. The main objective of the study was to approbate the NEPSY diagnostic toolkit for assessing the level of executive functions development on a sample of Russian preschoolers (N = 267). As a result of comparing the results shown by US and Russian children aged 5-6 years, some specific cross-cultural features were identified: Russian children display a more developed image memory on average while their American peers showed a better memory for spatial representations. The speed of constraining control task performance averaged two times higher results in Russian preschoolers than in the Americans. To verify the convergent validity of the toolkit, a correlation analysis on a sample part (N = 48) was made of the results of the preschoolers' performance of two batteries of methods which was developed and tested under the guidance of L.A. Wenger. The revealed intercorrelation confirmed the possibility of using the above tools to diagnose executive functions. Analysis of the study data showed that the development levels of auditory and visual memory in older preschool children were not interrelated. However, in many respects verbal memory lies at the basis of attention flexibility development (switching), whereas visual memory underlies restraining control (inhibition). Based on the results of the diagnosis, four different variants of executive function development in the senior preschool age were identified and described. © 2017 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
A contingency perspective of the importance of PJ fit and PO fit in employee selection

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a contingency perspective that describes the relative importance of person‐job (PJ) fit and person‐organization (PO) fit as selection criteria for hiring various types of employees.Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on the theories of psychological contracts, human capital and cosmopolitan‐local perspective, propositions are developed regarding the relative importance of PJ fit and PO fit in specific hiring situations.Findings – The propositions developed in this paper suggest that PJ fit will be more important than PO fit when organizations hire employees to form transactional psychological contracts, to obtain general human capital, and/or who are categorized as cosmopolitans. On the other hand, it is suggested that PO fit will be more important than PJ fit when organizations hire employees to form relational psychological contracts, to develop firm‐specific human capital, and/or who are likely to become locals.Research limitations/implications – Furt.
Job insecurity, leadership empowerment behaviour, employee engagement and intention to leave in a petrochemical laboratory

Orientation: Engaging individuals at work plays an important role in retaining them. Job security and leadership empowerment behaviour are antecedents of employee engagement. Research purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between job insecurity, leadership empowerment behaviour (as perceived by the employees who report to leaders), employee engagement and intention to leave their jobs in a petrochemical laboratory. Motivation for the study: Knowledge of the effects of job insecurity and leadership on employee engagement and turnover intention will contribute to improved talent management. Research design, approach and method: A correlational design was used. A total of 169 employees in a petrochemical laboratory were studied. The measuring instruments included the Job Insecurity Index, the Leadership Empowerment Behaviour Questionnaire, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Two questions were used to measure intention to leave. Main findings: The results showed that job insecurity was not statistically significantly related to employee engagement and turnover intention. Leadership empowerment behaviour contributed statistically significantly to employee engagement and low turnover intention. Employee engagement partially mediated the relationship between leadership empowerment behaviour and turnover intention. Practical implications: Leaders should be developed to show empowerment behaviour, because it affects employee engagement, which in turn affects their turnover intention Contribution: This was the first study that demonstrated the effect of empowerment behaviour of leaders on the engagement and turnover intention of employees.
Air–Sea Feedback in the North Atlantic and Surface Boundary Conditions for Ocean Models

Extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) and surface turbulent heat flux monthly anomalies in the central and eastern part of the North Atlantic are considered for the period 1952‐92 on a 5 83 58 grid. In this region where the mean surface current is small, the SST anomalies are well simulated by a simple one-dimensional mixed layer model that is stochastically forced by the day-to-day changes in the local air‐sea fluxes. A statistical signature of the stochastic model is that the cross correlation between surface heat flux and SST anomalies changes sign between negative and positive lags when the heat flux feedback is negative. This is observed at each grid point of the domain for the turbulent heat flux, which thus contributes both to generating the midlatitude SST anomalies and to damping them, once they are generated. Using properties of the lag covariance between SST and heat flux anomalies, the turbulent heat flux feedback is estimated from the observations. It averages to about 20 W m22 K21 in the investigated domain, increasing toward the northwest and the northeast and decreasing southward. It also varies seasonally, being generally largest in the fall and smaller and more uniform in summer. There is no indication that it can become significantly positive. A negative turbulent heat flux feedback is also suggested by the lag relation between the dominant modes of SST and turbulent heat flux variability over the whole North Atlantic, and it is found that the spatial patterns of the associated SST and turbulent heat flux anomalies are remarkably similar whether the atmosphere leads or lags, with only a change of heat flux sign between lead and lag situations. This analysis provides some observational support for the use on short timescales of a restoring condition for SST in ocean-only simulations, but the coupling coefficient should be weaker than usually assumed and a function of latitude and season. The associated SST‐evaporation feedback has little effect on interannual surface salinity changes. It should be significant on longer timescales, but then the restoring temperature should be allowed to vary and nonlocal influences should be considered.
Similarity scaling of jet noise sources for low-order jet noise modelling based on the Goldstein generalised acoustic analogy

As a first step towards a robust low-order modelling framework that is free from either calibration parameters based on the far-field noise data or any assumptions about the noise source structure, a new low-order noise prediction scheme is implemented. The scheme is based on the Goldstein generalised acoustic analogy and uses the Large Eddy Simulation database of fluctuating Reynolds stress fields from the CABARET MILES solution of Semiletov et al. corresponding to a static isothermal jet from the SILOET experiment for reconstruction of effective noise sources. The sources are scaled in accordance with the physics-based arguments and the corresponding sound meanflow propagation problem is solved using a frequency domain Green’s function method for each jet case. Results of the far-field noise predictions of the new method are validated for the two NASA SHJAR jet cases, sp07 and sp03 from and compared with the reference predictions, which are obtained by applying the Lighthill acoustic analogy scaling for the SILOET far-field measurements and using an empirical jet-noise prediction code, sJet.
An Analysis of Speaking Fluency of Immigrants Using Ordered Response Models With Classification Errors

We develop parametric models that incorporate misclassification error in an ordered response model and compare them with a semiparametric model that nests the parametric models. We apply these estimators to the analysis of English-speaking fluency of immigrants in the United Kingdom, focusing on Lazear's theory that due to learning or self-selection, there is a negative relation between speaking fluency and the ethnic minority concentration in the region. Specification tests show that the model allowing for misclassification errors outperforms ordered probit. All models lead to similar qualitative conclusions, but there is substantial variation in the size of the marginal effects.
Cometary Isotopes Measurements

Isotopic ratios in comets provide keys for the understanding of the origin of cometary material, and the physical and chemical conditions in the early Solar Nebula. We review here measurements acquired on the D/H, 14N/15N, 16O/18O, 12C/13C, and 32S/34S ratios in cometary grains and gases, and discuss their cosmogonic implications. The review includes analyses of potential cometary material available in collections on Earth, recent measurements achieved with the Herschel Space Observatory, large optical telescopes, and Rosetta, as well as recent results obtained from models of chemicaldynamical deuterium fractionation in the early solar nebula. Prospects for future measurements are presented.
Topology and geometry of caustics in relation with experiments

Caustics of geometrical optics are understood as special types of Lagrangian singularities. In the compact case, they have remarkable topological properties, expressed in particular by the Chekanov relation. We show how this relation may be experimentally checked on an example of biperiodic caustics produced by the deflection of the light by a nematic liquid crystal layer. Moreover the physical laws may impose a geometrical constraint, when the system is invariant by some group of symmetries. We show, on the example of polyhedral caustics, how the two constraints force degenerate umbilics of integer index to appear and determine their spatial organization.
Accounting for carbon cycle feedbacks in a comparison of the global warming effects of greenhouse gases

Greenhouse gases other than CO2 make a significant contribution to human-induced climate change, and multi-gas mitigation strategies are cheaper to implement than those which limit CO2 emissions alone. Most practical multi-gas mitigation strategies require metrics to relate the climate warming effects of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. Global warming potential (GWP), defined as the ratio of time-integrated radiative forcing of a particular gas to that of CO2 following a unit mass emission, is the metric used in the Kyoto Protocol, and we define mean global temperature change potential (MGTP) as an equivalent metric of the temperature response. Here we show that carbon–climate feedbacks inflate the GWPs and MGTPs of methane and nitrous oxide by ∼ 20% in coupled carbon–climate model simulations of the response to a pulse of 50 × 1990 emissions, due to a warming-induced release of CO2 from the land biosphere and ocean. The magnitude of this effect is expected to be dependent on the model, but it is not captured at all by the analytical models usually used to calculate metrics such as GWP. We argue that the omission of carbon cycle dynamics has led to a low bias of uncertain but potentially substantial magnitude in metrics of the global warming effect of other greenhouse gases, and we suggest that the carbon–climate feedback should be considered when greenhouse gas metrics are calculated and applied.