Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Radius of Convergence of Interconnected Analytic Nonlinear Input-Output Systems

A complete analysis is presented of the radii of convergence of the parallel, product, cascade and feedback interconnections of analytic nonlinear input-output systems represented as Fliess operators. Such operators are described by convergent functional series, which are indexed by words over a noncommutative alphabet. Their generating series are therefore specified in terms of noncommutative formal power series. Given growth conditions for the coefficients of the generating series for the subsystems, the radius of convergence of each interconnected system is computed assuming the subsystems are either all locally convergent or all globally convergent. In the process of deriving the radius of convergence for the feedback connection, it is shown definitively that local convergence is preserved under feedback. This had been an open problem in the literature until recently.
Male Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Acceptance Is Enhanced by a Brief Intervention that Emphasizes Both Male-Specific Vaccine Benefits and Altruistic Motives

Background Although female human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptance has been widely studied, research on vaccine uptake among boys and men is needed. Male HPV vaccination can provide both individual and community-level benefit by offering recipients personal health protection while concurrently minimizing HPV transmission and ultimately providing female health protection. As such, male vaccine acceptance may be enhanced by emphasizing both altruistic motives (female health protection) and personal health benefits. Methods A university-based sample of young men completed computer-administered surveys and viewed informational interventions that varied in the inclusion or exclusion of altruistic motives and in the level of emphasis on male-specific HPV-related illnesses and vaccine benefits. Human papillomavirus vaccine acceptance was assessed immediately after intervention. Results Participants who received the intervention emphasizing both altruistic motives and male-specific information endorsed the greatest vaccine acceptance (mean [SD], 3.6 [1.0]). Conclusion Provider and community-level interventions highlighting both altruistic motives and personal health vaccine benefits may enhance HPV vaccine uptake among young men.
Effect of fungal strain and cereal substrate on in vitro mycotoxin production by Fusarium poae and Fusarium avenaceum

Single conidia strains of Fusarium poae and Fusarium avenaceum were investigated for their ability to synthesise mycotoxins in vitro. In a first experiment, rice was inoculated with three strains of F. poae and three strains of F. avenaceum. In a second experiment, the same strains were cultivated on four different cereal substrates. For both experiments, the colonised substrates were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) for the content of Fusarium mycotoxins. On rice, a strong effect of strains on mycotoxin content was found. With the analyses of different cereal types, substantial substrate effects were observed. For F. poae, these effects were highly dependent on the strain. The results of this study are of benefit for risk assessment concerning naturally infected grain samples since substrate effects could also be triggered by different cereal species or varieties, and thus could lead to variable mycotoxin contamination in cereal products intended for human consumption.
Water sharing, reciprocity, and need: A comparative study of interhousehold water transfers in sub-Saharan Africa

Water sharing between households could crucially mitigate short‐term household water shortages, yet it is a vastly understudied phenomenon. Here we use comparative survey data from eight sites in seven sub‐Saharan African countries (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, and Uganda) to answer three questions: With whom do households share water? What is expected in return? And what roles do need and affordability play in shaping those transfers? We find that water is shared predominantly between neighbors, that transfers are more frequent when water is less available and less affordable, and that most sharing occurs with no expectation of direct payback. These findings identify water sharing, as a form of generalized reciprocity, to be a basic and consistent household coping strategy against shortages and unaffordability of water in sub‐Saharan Africa.
Management of unilateral condylar fracture in a 9.6-year-old female.

BACKGROUND Fractures represent a particular kind of pathology in children, as they take place within a rapidly growing organism. Condylar fractures must be focused upon not only as a cause of direct damage to the bone structure, but also with regards to future disorders in the dentofacial development, skeletal deformities and articular dysfunctions. The treatment aims at restoring function, occlusion, and symmetry. Aim of this paper is to emphasise, through the description of a case report, the need for correct diagnosis and the importance of a functional treatment by means of early muscle activation, in order to prevent any consequences on facial development. CASE REPORT A case of a 9.6-year-old female with monocondylar and intracapsular fracture following a car accident is described. In accordance with the literature, the patient did not undergo surgical treatment, but followed a functional orthodontic protocol. The significant symptoms reduction and the rapid improvement of mandibular functions confirm the excellent healing potential in paediatric age, while the X-ray evaluations 1 year and 3.7 years later testify the condylar reshaping. Since the latter can continue over many years, the clinical and radiological follow-ups of the patient will have to cover the entire growth period.
Factors predicting patient use of the emergency department: a retrospective cohort study

Background: Many studies have shown the tendency for people without a regular care provider or primary physician to make greater use of emergency departments. We sought to determine the effects of three aspects of care provided by primary physicians (physician specialty, continuity of care and comprehensiveness of care) on their patients’ use of the emergency department. Methods: Using provincial administrative databases, we created a cohort of 367 315 adults aged 18 years and older. Participants were residents of urban areas of Quebec. Affiliation with a primary physician, the specialty of this physician (i.e., family physician v. specialist), continuity of care (as measured using the Usual Provider Continuity index) and comprehensiveness of care (i.e., number of complete annual examinations) were measured among participants (n = 311 701) who had visited a physician three or more times during a two-year baseline period. We used multivariable negative binomial regression to investigate the relationships between measures of care and the number of visits to emergency departments during a 12-month follow-up period. Results: Among participants under 65 years of age, emergency department use was higher for those not affiliated than for those affiliated with a family physician (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.16) or a specialist (IRR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.17). Among patients aged 65 years and older, having a specialist primary physician, as opposed to a family physician, predicted increased use of the emergency department (IRR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09–1.17). Greater continuity of care with a family physician predicted less use of the emergency department only among participants who made 25 or more visits to a physician during the baseline period. Greater continuity of care with a specialist predicted less use of the emergency department overall, particularly among participants with intermediate numbers of multimorbidities and admissions to hospital. Greater comprehensiveness of care by family physicians predicted less use of the emergency department. Interpretation: Efforts to increase the proportion of adults affiliated with a family physician should target older adults, people who visit physicians more frequently and people with multiple comorbidities and admissions to hospital.
The relation between spatial impression and the precedence effect

This paper reviews results of listening tests on auditory spatial impression (ASI) that describe the relation between individual characteristics of spatial impression and the precedence effect. ASI is a general concept defined as the spatial extent of the sound image, and is comprised at least two components. One is auditory source width (ASW), defined as the width of a sound image fused temporally and spatially with the direct (preceding) sound image; the other is listener envelopment (LEV), defined as the degree of fullness of the sound image surrounding the listener, and which excludes the direct sound image for which ASW is judged. Listeners can perceive separately these two components of ASI, and their subjective reports demonstrate that they can distinguish between them. The perception of ASW and LEV has close connection with The precedence effect (the law of the first wave front). Acoustic signal components that arrive within the time and amplitude limits of the effect contribute to ASW, and those beyond the upper limits contribute to LEV. It is possible to control ASW and LEV independently by controlling physical factors that influence each of the components. It is well-known, for example, that the degree of interaural cross-correlation (ICC) is an important physical factor in the control of ASI. ASW can be predicted from ICC (and thereby controlled by the manipulation of ICC) regardless of the number and directions of arrival of sound sources. But measurements of ICC within 1/3-octave bands are preferred for estimating ASW, whereas the use of wide band and 1-octave band signals, as described in the ISO standard, are not. On the other hand, LEV cannot be controlled only through manipulation of ICC, as LEV is also affected by the spatial distribution of sounds (e.g., front/back energy ratio).
Functional Fitness May be Related to Life Satisfaction in Older Japanese Adults

The relationship between functional fitness status and life satisfaction was assessed in older Japanese people from the perspective of quality of life (QOL). A total of 123 older men and women (M = 74.3 years, SD = 5.4) participated in the study. The questionnaire contained 21 questions covering eight structural factors pertaining to the feelings of life satisfaction in older people. The functional fitness test consisted of nine items representing the following five areas of fitness: muscular strength, agility, coordination, balance, and flexibility. The analysis revealed no overall correlation between the total fitness and the total life satisfaction scores, but some of the life satisfaction factors were significantly related to some functional fitness items (P < .01). The results suggest it is important for older people to maintain their functional fitness in order to manage a high quality of life.
Hardware acceleration of nonincremental algorithms for the induction of decision trees

In this paper, new algorithms for the full decision tree (DT) induction are presented, and various possibilities for their implementation are explored. First, description is given for the novel EFTI (Evolutionary Full Tree Induction) algorithm, designed in such a way that its implementations can utilize as little hardware resources as possible for the DT induction, as well as to induce as small decision trees as possible, without sacrificing the classification accuracy. Next, the possibility of the hardware acceleration of the EFTI algorithm is explored in form of the hardware co-processor EFTIP (Evolutionary Full Tree Induction co-Processor) using the hardware-software (HW/SW) co-design approach. Next, the algorithm for the induction of the DT ensembles, named EEFTI (Ensembles Evolutionary Full Tree Induction) is described, that is able to produce DT ensembles which have higher accuracies when compared to the single DTs. Again, the hardware-software (HW/SW) co-design implementation of the EEFTI algorithm is described and the results of the experiments comparing the execution speeds of the different EEFTI algorithm implementations are given.
Behavioural mechanisms and adaptation to climate change : Evidence from lab-in-the-field experiments in the upper Blue-Nile basin

The literature on climate change adaptation in developing countries focused on the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of adaptation decisions to climate change. Decision behavioural among others is thought to influence the path of innovation uptake related to climate change. We need to improve our understanding on the effect of individual and social preferences on decisions related to adaptation to climate change using field experimental approaches. We use field-in-the-lab experimental evidence combined with survey, personality test, and multi criteria analysis (MCA) for various categories of stakeholders. The data were generated from one of the hotspot areas in developing countries: the upper Blue-Nile basin, Ethiopia. The evidence covers the behavioural mechanisms ranging from individual and social preferences to personality traits. We also tried to understand how preferences of different types are formed by examining the effect of social and environmental factors on preference formation. Adaptation options are also examined from an “agro-ecosystem” perspective; bridging the gap that remained to understand why previous interventions failed to incorporate the issue of agro-ecosystem based adaptation planning. We adhered to understand the range of preferences in decision related to adaptation to climate change. These include individual subjective preferences like risk and rate of time preferences. Through a multiple price elicitation exercises, we find that farmers are highly risk averse and have a high rate of time preferences. Social preferences in terms of cooperative common pool resources (CPR) management were also a subject of analysis. We come with a conclusion that social norms, social roles and elderly role are significantly influencing the formation of cooperative local institutions to manage and use common pool resources. We also indicate that a sustainable management and use of commons can also improve the carbon sink functions in common agricultural, forest and water bodies enabling climate change mitigation possible in developing countries. We also try to put a binding frame by setting out a priority list of adaption options in the upper Blue-Nile basin. This was achieved through a participatory stakeholders’ evaluation of a list of options through a possibly conflicting criteria. The psychological dimensions of personality traits were also revisited and tried to understand how personality traits influence one’s information inquiry process through their effort to adapt to climate change. Accordingly, we found that the personality domain of individuals is highly correlated with their choice of information source and inquiry process. In general, we understand that climate change adaptation process is a dynamic complex phenomenon going beyond the analytical capacity of conventional economics making suit the application of behavioural and experimental economics.
Potential of Silver Craft Product through to Community-Based for Tourism Sustainability in Celuk Village

Celuk village has been known as a center of silver industry. In its current development of tourism, the purchasing power of tourists has decreased. The development of tourism trends with the changing mindset to do traveling was given some impact on it. Tourist reduced interest in buying silver, so the economy of Celuk villagers was weakening. Tourist more interested in interacting and directly involved tourism activities in an area where they visited especially in terms of unique social and cultural. From the research results obtained the tourism potential that can be developed in the Celuk village as a center of silver industry quite a lot and there also can develop supporting facilities for tourism activities as a tourist attraction. The potential of tourism products can be developed in Celuk village such as special interest tourism through to silver craft class by handmade process, educational tourism with a tour around the process how to make silver craft by hand (traditional) or by modern machine (silver process print), visiting the gallery/art shop to see the results of silver handicrafts and in the same time can bought directly, Celuk Jewelry Festival held every year on a particular month, accommodation (homestay) at craftsmen house with simple concept according to the daily silver craftsman life’s especially for tourists who want to learn to make silver crafts more than a day.
A recursive construction of t‐wise uniform permutations

We present a recursive construction of a (2t + 1)‐wise uniform set of permutations on 2n objects using a (2t+1)−(2n,n,·) combinatorial design, a t‐wise uniform set of permutations on n objects and a (2t + 1)‐wise uniform set of permutations on n objects. Using the complete design in this procedure gives a t‐wise uniform set of permutations on n objects whose size is at most t2n, the first non‐trivial construction of an infinite family of t‐wise uniform sets for t≥4 . If a non‐trivial design with suitable parameters is found, it will imply a corresponding improvement in the construction. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg. , 46, 531–540, 2015
Differentiation and immune function of human dendritic cells following infection by respiratory syncytial virus

RSV causes annual epidemics of bronchiolitis in winter months resulting in the hospitalization of many infants and the elderly. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in coordinating immune responses to infection and some viruses skew, or subvert, the immune functions of DCs. RSV infection of DCs could alter their function and this could explain why protection after natural RSV infection is incomplete and of short duration. In this study, this interaction between DCs and RSV was investigated using a human primary culture model. DCs were generated from purified healthy adult volunteer peripheral blood monocytes. Effects of RSV upon DC phenotype with RSV primed DCs was measured using flow cytometry. Changes to viability and proliferation of cocultured DCs and T‐cells were determined using microscopy with fluorescent dyes (Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide). DC maturation was not prevented by the RSV challenge. RSV infected a fraction of DCs (10–30%) but the virus replicated slowly in these cells with only small reduction to cell viability. DCs challenged with RSV stimulated T‐cell proliferation less well than lipopolysaccharide. This is the first study to demonstrate RSV infection of human monocyte derived DCs and suggests that the virus does not significantly interfere with the function of these cells and potentially may promote cellular rather than humoral responses.
Constraints Faced By the Fishery Enterprises: A SWOC Analysis

Fish production plays an important role for the socio-economic of the rural people in India. Not only it is a rich source of protein and high quality food, but it is well known fact that it is an important source of income and employment to million rural farmers, particularly women (Jacinto, 2004). With a large human population in India and over 250 million economically strong potential consumers of food and those who have an adequate purchasing power, the domestic demand for the fish and processed fish food is increasing very rapidly (Anonymous, 2005; Anonymous, 2014). Fisheries in the country since the launching of the First Five-Year Plan in 1951, has witnessed an impressive growth from a highly traditional activity to a welldeveloped and diversified enterprise (Delgado International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Effects of Social and Temporal Distance on Consumers' Responses to Peer Recommendations

This article examines the interplay of social and temporal distance on consumers' responses to others' recommendations. Drawing on research on psychological distance and the “fit” literature, the authors hypothesize that others' recommendations are more persuasive when the construal levels associated with both social distance and temporal distance are congruent. Specifically, the authors first demonstrate a time-contingent effect of recommendation: Others' recommendations lead to a greater preference shift when people make decisions for distant-future consumption than for near-future consumption (Studies 1 and 2). Second, contrary to conventional wisdom, the authors find that close others do not always have a greater impact than distant others. instead, recommendations from close others are more influential in shifting near-future preferences than those from distant others, whereas recommendations from distant others are more influential than those from close others in shifting distant-future preferences (Study 3). The authors demonstrate that others' recommendations are perceived to be more relevant as the underlying mechanism when there is a match of construal levels between the social and temporal distance. Research and managerial implications are discussed.
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Diffuse Optical Tomography in Neuroscience

CT scanning uses X-rays crossing the sample to image sections of the specimen in study. Specimen can be a living being, a part of if (e.g. the abdomen, a knee, the head, .) or whatever non-living object. X-rays travel ballistically inside most of the materials (living tissue included), so measuring absorption of X-rays we can guess the composition of the sample we are measuring. Changing the direction of injection of the X-rays and merging absorption data coming from multiple directions makes a planar reconstruction of the examined section of the sample possible. CT is invasive in the sense that irradiates the patient with ionizing radiation. A little dose is given to the patient during a single CT session, anyway. CT scanning of the head is typically used to detect skull fractures, brain injuries, aneurysms, strokes, brain tumors and arteriovenous malformations in the brain.
A key management scheme for secure group communication using binomial key trees

Numerous emerging applications, such as teleconferencing, board meetings, pay‐per‐view and scientific discussions, rely on a secure group communication model. Scalable group rekeying is an important issue in the secure group communication model as the nature of the group is dynamic. The number of encryptions performed and rekey messages constructed should be minimized to carry out updating of the group key, and secure delivery of the group key should be carried out in an efficient manner. In this paper, we propose a new scheme to manage the secure group using the binomial key tree approach. In this scheme, the number of encryptions performed and rekey messages constructed during membership change are fewer compared to the scheme proposed by Wong and others. Further, it is not required to balance the tree after each membership change. We show that, for a large group, the average encryption cost and rekey message cost are independent of the size of the group for join operation and logarithmic in size of the group for leave operation. Hence our scheme is scalable. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.