Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric research in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 – a systematic review

ABSTRACT The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 is a large population-based birth cohort, which aims to promote health and wellbeing of the population. In this paper, we systematically review the psychiatric research performed in the cohort until today, i.e. at the age of 32 years of the cohort (2018). We conducted a systematic literature search using the databases of PubMed and Scopus and complemented it with a manual search. We found a total of 94 articles, which were classified as examining ADHD, emotional and behavioural problems, psychosis risk or other studies relating to psychiatric subjects. The articles are mainly based on two large comprehensive follow-up studies of the cohort and several substudies. The studies have often used also nationwide register data. The studies have found several early predictors for the aforementioned psychiatric outcomes, such as problems at pregnancy and birth, family factors in childhood, physical inactivity and substance use in adolescence. There are also novel findings relating to brain imaging and cognition, for instance regarding familial risk of psychosis in relation to resting state functional MRI. The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 has been utilised frequently in psychiatric research and future data collections are likely to lead to new scientifically important findings. Abbreviations: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Rescue of Noradrenergic System as a Novel Pharmacological Strategy in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Focus on Microglia Activation

Different types of pain can evolve toward a chronic condition characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia, with an abnormal response to normal or even innocuous stimuli, respectively. A key role in endogenous analgesia is recognized to descending noradrenergic pathways that originate from the locus coeruleus and project to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Impairment of this system is associated with pain chronicization. More recently, activation of glial cells, in particular microglia, toward a pro-inflammatory state has also been implicated in the transition from acute to chronic pain. Both α2- and β2-adrenergic receptors are expressed in microglia, and their activation leads to acquisition of an anti-inflammatory phenotype. This review analyses in more detail the interconnection between descending noradrenergic system and neuroinflammation, focusing on drugs that, by rescuing the noradrenergic control, exert also an anti-inflammatory effect, ultimately leading to analgesia. More specifically, the potential efficacy in the treatment of neuropathic pain of different drugs will be analyzed. On one side, drugs acting as inhibitors of the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline, such as duloxetine and venlafaxine, and on the other, tapentadol, inhibitor of the reuptake of noradrenaline, and agonist of the µ-opioid receptor.
The biopsychosocial approach and considerations involved in chronic pain

Chronic pain conditions are currently the most common and economically-burdensome health ailment in the United States. The present article highlights and reviews multiple dimensions associated with chronic pain including; biological, phsycial, psychological and social factors that all need to be assessed and treated simultaneously. This article will review research in several dimensions that are affected by chronic pain which include the economic impact of chronic pain, the current issues with the biomedical approach of treating pain, advantages to the biopsychosocial approach for pain management, and how pain is associated with physical deconditioning, postural control, gait, sleep quality, and psychosocial well-being. Most importantly, this article corroborates with the reviewed research that the biopsychosocial model of pain is the most appropriate model for addressing the aforementioned factors circumscribing such conditions. Finally, this article will underline the development of interdisciplinary interventions, such as functional restoration, that have shown to be both therapeutic and cost-effective in managing chronic pain.
Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Pancreas Serous Cystic Neoplasms: A Radiomics Method on Preoperative MDCT Images

Objective: Our aim was to propose a preoperative computer-aided diagnosis scheme to differentiate pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms from other pancreatic cystic neoplasms, providing supportive opinions for clinicians and avoiding overtreatment. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 260 patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasm were included. Each patient underwent a multidetector row computed tomography scan and pancreatic resection. In all, 200 patients constituted a cross-validation cohort, and 60 patients formed an independent validation cohort. Demographic information, clinical information, and multidetector row computed tomography images were obtained from Picture Archiving and Communication Systems. The peripheral margin of each neoplasm was manually outlined by experienced radiologists. A radiomics system containing 24 guideline-based features and 385 radiomics high-throughput features was designed. After the feature extraction, least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression was used to select the most important features. A support vector machine classifier with 5-fold cross-validation was applied to build the diagnostic model. The independent validation cohort was used to validate the performance. Results: Only 31 of 102 serous cystic neoplasm cases in this study were recognized correctly by clinicians before the surgery. Twenty-two features were selected from the radiomics system after 100 bootstrapping repetitions of the least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression. The diagnostic scheme performed accurately and robustly, showing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.767, sensitivity = 0.686, and specificity = 0.709. In the independent validation cohort, we acquired similar results with receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.837, sensitivity = 0.667, and specificity = 0.818. Conclusion: The proposed radiomics-based computer-aided diagnosis scheme could increase preoperative diagnostic accuracy and assist clinicians in making accurate management decisions.
Career-Specific Parenting Practices and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Among Chinese Adolescents: The Interactive Effects of Parenting Practices and the Mediating Role of Autonomy

This study examined the unique and interactive effects of various career-specific parenting practices (i.e., parental career support, interference, and lack of engagement) on Chinese high school students’ career decision-making self-efficacy (CDSE) as well as the mediating role of autonomy in such associations. Based on data from 641 Chinese high school students (47.6% male; mean age = 15.28 years old, SD = 0.49) in 2016, two moderated mediating effects were identified. Higher level of parental career engagement strengthened the positive association between parental career support and adolescents’ autonomy, which in turn, was associated positively with adolescents’ CDSE. Parental career interference related negatively with adolescents’ CDSE via autonomy when lack of parental career engagement was low, but related positively with adolescents’ CDSE via autonomy when lack of parental career engagement was high. These findings advance our understanding of the underlying processes between career-specific parenting practices and adolescents’ CDSE. Implications for practices were discussed.
Immunochemotherapy for Richter syndrome: current insights

Richter syndrome (RS) is recognized as the development of a secondary and aggressive lymphoma during the clinical course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Most of such histological transformations are from RS to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL-RS, 90%) and Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL-RS, 10%). Histopathological examination is a prerequisite for diagnosis. It is crucial to assess the relationship between the RS clone and the underlying CLL/SLL because clonally related DLBCL-RS has a poor outcome, while clonally unrelated cases have a prognosis similar to de novo DLBCL. An anti-CD20 antibody-based immunochemotherapy is hitherto the frontline treatment of choice for DLBCL-RS; nonetheless, the results are unsatisfactory. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation should be offered to younger and fit patients as a consolidative treatment; however, the majority of the patients may not be qualified for this procedure. The HL-RS transformation has better outcomes than those of DLBCL-RS and can effectively be treated by the adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine regimen. Although novel agents are currently being investigated for RS, immunochemotherapy nevertheless remains a standard treatment for DLBCL-RS.
A Detailed Overview of Long-Term Outcomes in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Eight Years Post-injury

Background and aims: Severe traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of acquired persistent disabilities, and represents an important health and economic burden. However, the determinants of long-term outcome have rarely been systematically studied in a prospective longitudinal study of a homogeneous group of patients suffering exclusively from severe TBI Methods: Prospective observational study of an inception cohort of adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury in the Parisian area (PariS-TBI). Outcome was assessed with face-to-face interview 8 years after Traumatic Brain Injury, focusing on impairments, activity limitations, and participation restriction. Results: Five hundred and four patients were included between 2005 and 2007. At 8-year follow-up, 261 patients were deceased, 128 were lost to follow-up, 22 refused to participate, and 86 were finally evaluated. Age, gender, initial injury severity did not significantly differ between evaluated patients and lost to follow-up, but the latter were more frequently students or unemployed. Mean age was 41.9 (SD 13.6), 79% were male, median initial Glasgow Coma Scale Score was 6. The most frequent somatic complaints concerned balance (47.5%), motricity (31%), and headaches (36%), but these were less frequent than cognitive complaints (Memory 71%, Slowness 68%, Concentration 67%). According to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), 25 % had a score >8 for anxiety and 23.7% for depression. According to the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, 19.8% remained severely disabled, 46.5% moderately disabled, 33.7% had a good recovery. Older age, longer education duration, lower functional status upon intensive care discharge, and more severe 8-year dysexecutive problems were significantly associated with a lower Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale score in multivariable analysis. At 8 years, 48.7% of patients were employed in a productive job. Of those, 38% declared a salary loss since traumatic brain injury. Unemployment was significantly associated with lower 1-year GOSE score and more severe 8-year dysexecutive problems. Conclusions: These results from an inception cohort study highlight the fact that long-term outcome after severe TBI is determined by a complex combination of injury-related, demographic and neuropsychological factors. Long after the injury, persisting impairments still interfere with social integration, and participation.
COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT AND ARTHRODESIS TREATMENTS FOR ADVANCED HALLUX RIGIDUS: SHORT-TERM FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES

Aim: Hallux rigidus is osteoarthritis of the big toe and is a clinical tableau with progressive pain and movement loss. This study aims to present the clinical outcomes of patients with grade 3 and 4 hallux rigidus unresponsive to conservative treatment who had arthroplasty with two different metallic implants or arthrodesis and to compare the outcomes of these treatments. Material and Method: Forty patients with arthroplasty or arthrodesis surgery due to hallux rigidus performed by a single surgeon from 2013 to 2018 were retrospectively compared in terms of AOFAS, VAS and ROM measurements and functional scores. Results: When the clinical outcomes of patients with arthroplasty are compared, there was no statistically significant difference observed. When the arthrodesis group is compared with the arthroplasty groups, separately and combined, there was no statistically significant differences observed in terms of functional scores. Conclusion: Total joint arthroplasty performed on the big toe offers patients the possibility of a painless metatarsalphalangeal joint (MTPJ) without movement limitations or high complication rates. Arthrodesis is still the most reliable surgical salvage procedure; however, it should be chosen for use as a salvage procedure for stage hallux rigidus that is advanced in terms of function, as with other joints in the musculoskeletal system.
Complete graph immersions and minimum degree

An immersion of a graph H in another graph G is a one‐to‐one mapping ϕ:V(H)→V(G) and a collection of edge‐disjoint paths in G, one for each edge of H, such that the path Puv corresponding to the edge uv has endpoints ϕ(u) and ϕ(v) . The immersion is strong if the paths Puv are internally disjoint from ϕ(V(H)) . We prove that every simple graph of minimum degree at least 11t+7 contains a strong immersion of the complete graph Kt . This improves on previously known bound of minimum degree at least 200t obtained by DeVos et al. Our result supports a conjecture of Lescure and Meyniel (also independently proposed by Abu‐Khzam and Langston), which is the analogue of famous Hadwiger’s conjecture for immersions and says that every graph without a Kt ‐immersion is (t−1) ‐colorable.
Elevation Dependency of the Surface Climate Change Signal: A Model Study

Abstract Results are presented from a present-day and a doubled CO2 experiment over the Alpine region with a nested regional climate model. The simulated temperature change signal shows a substantial elevation dependency, mostly during the winter and spring seasons, resulting in more pronounced warming at high elevations than low elevations. This is caused by a depletion of snowpack in doubled CO2 conditions and further enhanced by the snow–albedo feedback. This result is consistent with some observed temperature trends for anomalously warm years over the Alpine region and suggests that high elevation temperature changes could be used as an early detection tool for global warming. Changes in precipitation, as well as other components of the surface energy and water budgets, also show an elevation signal, which may have important implications for impact assessments in high elevation regions.
TO BAN OR NOT TO BAN FEBRUARY FERTILIZATION IN HUNGARY

At present, it is allowed to apply fertilizers star ting from 1 of February in Hungary. According to a proposal of the EU this date would be moved to 1 f March. Regarding this issue the following question could be formulated: Does the earlier star ter fertilization increase the risk of nitrate leac hing significantly? Experimentally, this question could not be answered within the available timeframe. The only scientific tool that is able to handle this pr oblem is a crop simulation model. The 4M crop simul ation model was used for answering the above question. Th e required weather, soil, plant and agrotechnical data were provided for the model using the availabl e Hungarian databases. Three scenarios differing on ly in the date of the first spring fertilization were compared. According to the results the amount of ni trate leaching does not increase as the date of the first spring fertilization moves from the end of Februar y to the beginning of the month, thus there is no need f or extending the fertilization prohibition period. Leaving the prohibition period as it is today will not increase the risk of contaminating the subsurfa ce water reservoirs due to nitrate leaching.
Risk factors of postoperative pulmonary complications after minimally invasive anatomic resection for lung cancer

Purpose This study investigated the perioperative risk factors of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after minimally invasive anatomic resection for lung cancer. Patients and methods We retrospectively reviewed the data from medical records of 729 lung cancer patients undergoing minimally invasive anatomic lung resections between January 2017 and December 2017. Univariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to select the independent risk factors for PPCs during the patient’s postoperative hospitalization after surgery. Results The incidence of PPCs was 24.8% (n=181/729). No patient died during the period of hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) ≥24.0 kg/m2 (vs <24.0 kg/m2: OR 1.514, 95% CI 1.057–2.167, P=0.024), single segmentectomy (vs single lobectomy: OR 2.115, 95% CI 1.150–3.891, P=0.016), bilobectomy or combined lobectomy and segmentectomy (vs single lobectomy: OR 2.731, 95% CI 1.013–7.361, P=0.047), and right lung lobe surgery (vs left lung lobe surgery: OR 1.519, 95% CI 1.046–2.205, P=0.028) were independent risk factors for PPCs in lung cancer patients who received minimally invasive anatomic lung resections. Conclusion Individual factors such as BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2, single segmentectomy, bilobectomy or combined lobectomy and segmentectomy, and right lung lobe surgery were independent risk factors of PPCs, which should be helpful for risk stratification, patient counseling, and perioperative care for lung cancer patients.
Orientations of graphs with uncountable chromatic number

Motivated by an old conjecture of P. Erdős and V. Neumann‐Lara, our aim is to investigate digraphs with uncountable dichromatic number and orientations of undirected graphs with uncountable chromatic number. A graph has uncountable chromatic number if its vertices cannot be covered by countably many independent sets, and a digraph has uncountable dichromatic number if its vertices cannot be covered by countably many acyclic sets. We prove that, consistently, there are digraphs with uncountable dichromatic number and arbitrarily large digirth; this is in surprising contrast with the undirected case: any graph with uncountable chromatic number contains a 4‐cycle. Next, we prove that several well‐known graphs (uncountable complete graphs, certain comparability graphs, and shift graphs) admit orientations with uncountable dichromatic number in ZFC. However, we show that the statement “every graph G of size and chromatic number ω1 has an orientation D with uncountable dichromatic number” is independent of ZFC. We end the article with several open problems.
Alterations in Cerebellar Functional Connectivity Are Correlated With Decreased Psychomotor Vigilance Following Total Sleep Deprivation

Previous studies have reported significant changes in functional connectivity among various brain networks following sleep restriction. The cerebellum plays an important role in information processing for motor control and provides this information to higher-order networks. However, little is known regarding how sleep deprivation influences functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex in humans. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in cerebellar functional connectivity induced by sleep deprivation, and their relationship with psychomotor vigilance. A total of 52 healthy men underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after 36 h of total sleep deprivation. Functional connectivity was evaluated using region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analyses, using 26 cerebellar ROIs as seed regions. Psychomotor vigilance was assessed using the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). Decreased functional connectivity was observed between cerebellar seed regions and the bilateral postcentral, left inferior frontal, left superior medial frontal, and right middle temporal gyri. In contrast, increased functional connectivity was observed between the cerebellum and the bilateral caudate. Furthermore, decrease in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with increase in PVT reaction times, while increase in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the bilateral caudate was positively correlated with increase in PVT reaction times. These results imply that altered cerebellar functional connectivity is associated with impairment in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep deprivation.
Sufficient conditions for the existence of a path‐factor which are related to odd components

In this article, we are concerned with sufficient conditions for the existence of a {P2,P2k+1} ‐factor. We prove that for k≥3 , there exists εk>0 such that if a graph G satisfies ∑0≤j≤k−1c2j+1(G−X)≤εk|X| for all X⊆V(G) , then G has a {P2,P2k+1} ‐factor, where ci(G−X) is the number of components C of G−X with |V(C)|=i . On the other hand, we construct infinitely many graphs G having no {P2,P2k+1} ‐factor such that ∑0≤j≤k−1c2j+1(G−X)≤32k+14172k−78|X| for all X⊆V(G) .
Dative Marking of the Affectee Role: Data from Modern Hebrew

The study concerns the ways in which dative marking by means of the preposition lehas been extended in colloquial Hebrew to a wide variety of syntactic contexts in which it did not occur at earlier stages of the language. These constructions include extraneous arguments in "ethical datives" such as ha tinok 5uv xala lanu 'the baby again got-sick to ( = on) us'; avoidance of surface subjects with experiential predicates such as acuv le rina 'is-sad to Rina'; and "extended datives" in three-place predicates such as hu hoci la et ha ne5ama 'he took-out to ( = from) her the heart'. These various occurrences of lemarking are shown to provide a unique means of encoding the semantic role of affectee in modern Hebrew, yielding a continuum of participant involvement which ranges from the highest degree of "reflexive datives" (e.g. dan hitrocec lo ba rexov 'Dan ran to/for himself in-the street') as extended from biblical usage, through to the most extraneous instance of ethical datives. In typological terms, the widespread use of lein these superficially different functions is shown to correlate with the increasingly "dative orientation" of modern Hebrew compared both with earlier stages of the language and with a "non-dative oriented" language like modern English. This study considers how dative marking by means of the preposition le'to' or 'for' has been extended in modern Hebrew to a wide range of syntactic contexts in which it did not occur at earlier stages of the language. We aim to show how, in many instances, use of lemarking provides speakers with a means of referring to some individual as affected by a given situation or event, and to thereby quite uniquely encode the case *This is a revised version of a paper that appeared in MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, Volume 3, 1981. I am grateful to Mira Ariel, Ora Schwarzwald, and Yael Ziv for their comments on an earlier draft, and to David Gil, Gabriella Hermon, and Edward Keenan for helpful discussion of the issues raised in the paper.
CABBAGE PRODUCTIVITY, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND SOIL FERTILITY AS AFFECTED BY ORGANIC AND BIO-SOURCES

An experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2005-06 to study the effect of organic manures in soil parameters and yield of cabbage (Brassica olerecia var. capitata) in an acid soil. The study consisted of two sources of organic manure (vermicompost and FYM) and Azospirillum (4 kg ha-1). The highest yield of cabbage was obtained with the application of vermicompost at 3 t/ha and Azospirillum (17.89 t/ha), which show significantly superior over FYM. The post harvest organic carbon and available NPK content of soil significantly improved with the use of vermicompost and Azospirillum. The concentration of nutrient (NPK) in shoot and root of cabbage were higher in the treatment receiving vermicompost 3t/ha along with Azospirillum as compared to FYM treatments.