Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The employment relationships of foreign workers versus local employees: A field study of organizational justice, job satisfaction, performance, and OCB

Summary Foreign workers seek overseas employment without sponsorship from a firm in their home country and hold temporary work visas in the host country. Despite the rising numbers of foreign workers, there is very little research that examines employment relationships and work behaviors of foreign workers. In this study, we draw on social exchange theory and predict differences in work perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of foreign versus local employees based on differences in their exchange relationships. We then draw on social comparison theories and propose that these differences in perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors will be accentuated for workers in jobs with high task interdependence. We examined these hypotheses in a field study of 466 ethnic Chinese employees (213 foreign workers from the People’s Republic of China and 253 local workers in Singapore with ongoing employment status). Results demonstrate lower distributive justice judgments, performance, and organizational citizenship for foreign versus local employees. Furthermore, results demonstrate that differences in distributive and procedural justice, performance, and organizational citizenship were heightened by task interdependence. We discuss findings and the implications of employing foreign workers. Copyright # 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of insecticidal application on aphid population, photosynthetic parameters and yield components of late sown varieties of canola, Brassica napus L.

The study was carried out to determine the population growth of aphids and their effect on photosynthesis and yield components of late sown varieties of canola (Brassica napus L.) during the growing season of 2010-2011 at Multan, Pakistan. Canola varieties Can Raya, Con-I, Con-II and Westar were sown in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Six rows were planted in each plot of respective varieties. Two rows were sprayed with imidachloprid 20 SL @ 80ml/acre twice during the season, two were sprayed four times (aphid protected) and two were not sprayed (aphid infested) in each plot. The mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) was the most abundant species on the crop. The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. was also found in very small numbers. Peak aphid population was on 19 February on the varieties Can Raya and Con-I, whereas on Con-II and Westar the peak population was noted on 5 March. Aphid numbers per plant did not vary among different varieties in both sprayed and unsprayed plots. Photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll was lower in aphid infested plants as compared to that in aphid protected plants in all the varieties. However, water use efficiency, internal CO2 concentration and transpiration rate did not differ in aphid infested and aphid protected plants in any of the varieties. There was a significant yield reduction in aphid infested plots when compared with plots where two sprays were applied in all varieties. Application of two insecticides to late sown B. napus varieties could not recover the total losses caused by aphids. Highest yield was recorded in variety Con I, where plants were sprayed twice and not sprayed. Westar suffered the highest losses in yield from aphids.
Making Space for Failure in Geographic Research

The idea that field research is an inherently “messy” process has become widely accepted by geographers in recent years. There has thus far been little acknowledgment, however, of the role that failure plays in doing human geography. In this article we push back against this, arguing that failure should be recognized as a central component of what it means to do qualitative geographical field research. This article seeks to use failure proactively and provocatively as a powerful resource to improve research practice and outcomes, reconsidering and giving voice to it as everyday, productive, and necessary to our continual development as researchers and academics. This article argues that there is much value to be found in failure if it is critically examined and shared, and—crucially—if there is a supportive space in which to exchange our experiences of failing in the field.
The Aggregate Production Function: ‘Not Even Wrong’

Abstract The foundations of the aggregate production function were long ago thrown into doubt by problems of aggregation and the Cambridge capital theory controversies. Yet the aggregate production function, whether in the familiar form of the Cobb-Douglas, the CES, or the translog, continues to be widely used in both theoretical and applied analysis. The reason for its continued use rests on the instrumental position that ‘it works’. The aggregate production function sometimes yields good statistical fits with plausible estimates of the coefficients. However, for some time, it has been realised that the existence of an underlying accounting identity can explain the regression results, even if the aggregate production function does not exist. This argument has been widely ignored. This paper, drawing on a rhetorical approach, assesses why this is the case. It shows that the few criticisms that have been made of the critique involve fundamental misunderstandings that represent a failure of the economic method.
Aerosol optical properties in the North China Plain during HaChi campaign: an in-situ optical closure study

Abstract. The largest uncertainty in the estimation of climate forcing stems from atmospheric aerosols. In early spring and summer of 2009, two periods of in-situ measurements on aerosol physical and chemical properties were conducted within the HaChi (Haze in China) project at Wuqing, a town between Beijing and Tianjin in the North China Plain (NCP). Aerosol optical properties, including the scattering coefficient (σ sp ), the hemispheric back scattering coefficient (σ bsp ), the absorption coefficient (σ ap ), as well as the single scattering albedo (ω), are presented. The diurnal and seasonal variations are analyzed together with meteorology and satellite data. The mean values of σ sp, 550 nm of the dry aerosol in spring and summer are 280±253 and 379±251 Mm −1 , respectively. The average σ ap for the two periods is respectively 47±38 and 43±27 Mm −1 . The mean values of ω at the wavelength of 637 nm are 0.82±0.05 and 0.86±0.05 for spring and summer, respectively. The relative high levels of σ sp and σ bsp are representative of the regional aerosol pollution in the NCP. Pronounced diurnal cycle of $σ sp , σ ap and ω are found, mainly influenced by the evolution of boundary layer and the accumulation of local emissions during nighttime. The pollutants transported from the southwest of the NCP are more significant than that from the two megacities, Beijing and Tianjin, in both spring and summer. An optical closure experiment is conducted to better understand the uncertainties of the measurements. Good correlations ( R >0.98) are found between the values measured by the nephelometer and the values calculated with a modified Mie model. The Monte Carlo simulation shows an uncertainty of about 30 % for the calculations. Considering all possible uncertainties of measurements, calculated σ sp and σ bsp agree well with the measured values, indicating a stable performance of instruments and thus reliable aerosol optical data.
SYNTHESIS OF FORMAMIDE AND RELATED ORGANIC SPECIES IN THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM VIA CHEMICAL DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS

We show, by means of direct dynamics simulations, how it is possible to define possible reactants and mechanisms leading to the formation of formamide in the interstellar medium. In particular, different ion–molecule reactions in the gas phase were considered: NH3OH+, NH2OH , H2COH+, and NH4+ for the ions and NH2OH, H2CO, and NH3 for the partner neutrals. These calculations were combined with high level ab initio calculations to investigate possible further evolution of the products observed. In particular, for formamide, we propose that the NH2OH + H2CO reaction can produce an isomer, NH2OCH , that, after dissociative recombination, can produce neutral formamide, which was observed in space. The direct dynamics do not pre-impose any reaction pathways and in other reactions, we did not observe the formation of formamide or any possible precursor. On the other hand, we obtained other interesting reactions, like the formation of NH2CH . Finally, some radiative association processes are proposed. All of the results obtained are discussed in light of the species observed in radioastronomy.
Macro-atom versus many-electron effects in ultrafast ionization of C60

Ionization mechanisms of C60 molecules irradiated by a short intense 800-nm laser pulse are studied. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectra show above-threshold ionization (ATI) patterns with a low peak contrast and a remarkably smooth angular distribution. The results are interpreted by combining two theoretical models. A time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE) calculation based on the B-spline method that explicitly takes into account the molecular potential mimics the single-active-electron response while a statistical model accounts for the many-electron effects. We show that the latter are responsible for the loss of contrast in the ATI peaks. The smooth angular distribution arises in the TDSE calculation as a result of the high angular momentum of the C60 ground electronic state and therefore is a manifestation of the atomic behavior of the molecule. (Less)
d fixation : Questions , methods , Inspiration an findings , and challenges

ion and instructions to prevent stimuli reproduction), and the context within which the design work is performed (e.g. duration and group size). These variables are discussed in each of the subsections that follow, with each subsection summarised in a column of Table 2. 2.2. 1 Experience of the participants In design, experiments into inspiration and fixation are most often conducted with university design students (with varying levels of experience) or Design Studies Vol 42 No. C Month 2016 Table 2 Design process variables that have been manipulated in inspiration and fixation studies First author, year Experience Disciplinary background Problem abstraction Instructions for reproduction Time available (up to) Testing Group size Novice student Senior student Novice designer Expert designer Mixed Unique Concrete Abstract None Constraining 30 m 60 m 2 h Gap None Prototype One Team Cardoso, 2011 X X X X X X X Cheng, 2014 X X X X X X X Chrysikou, 2005 ? X X X X X X X Dahl, 2002 X X X X X X X X Fu, 2013 X X X X X X X X Goldschmidt, 2006 X X X X X X X Gonçalves, 2012 X X X X X X X Jansson, 1991 X X X X X X X X Liikkanen, 2008 X X X X X X X Linsey, 2010 ? X X X X X X Lujun, 2011 X X X X X X X Moreno, 2014 X X X X X X X X Nijstad, 2002 ? X X X X X Perttula, 2006a X X X X X X X Perttula, 2007 X X X X X X X Purcell, 1996 X X X X X X X X X Sarkar, 2008 X X X X ? X X Siangliulue, 2015 ? X X X X X X Smith, 1993 ? X X X X X Toh, 2014 X X X X X X X Tseng, 2008 X X X X X X X Viswanathan, 2014 X X X X X X X X Yilmaz, 2010 X X X X X X X Youmans, 2011a ? X X X X X X Youmans, 2011b ? X X X X X X X In sp ra io n a n d fi x a io n : a m th o d o lo g ca l ev ew
CONTRIBUTION OF LIFESTYLE AND OBESITY TO THE INCIDENCE OF PRE-DIABETES

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is defined as an early phase of Diabetic Type-2 process. IGT shows an occurrence of early phase of Diabetic and asymptomatic. The prevalence is increased in accordance to poor or unhealthy lifestyle such as over consuming of carbohydrate and lack of physical exercises. The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between lifestyle and individual with obesity, obesity and pre-diabetic, and lifestyle with pre-diabetic. The study was conducted at the Kassi-Kassi Community Health Center in Makassar from May to July 2009. The study was a case control study. The number of samples was 54 people selected by purposive sampling. The samples were divided into 27 pre-diabetic individuals and 27 individuals with normal blood glucose. The data were collected through structured interview and questionnaire. The measurement of height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood samples was done twice after fasting 12 hours for fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test. The data were analyzed by using univariate, bivariate with chi square, and independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test. The result of the study indicate that there is a correlation between lifestyle and obesity in which p = 0,018, obesity and pre-diabetic in which p = 0,003. Lifestyle has a role in the incident of pre-diabetic in which p = 0,021. In conclusion, lifestyle has been proved affecting pre-diabetic event through obesity. This research shows a correlation between lifestyle and obesity, and also connection between obesity and pre-diabetic incident.
Mechanism and growth of flexible ZnO nanostructure arrays in a facile controlled way

Nanostructure arrays-based flexible devices have revolutionary impacts on the application of traditional semiconductor devices. Here, a one-step method to synthesize flexible ZnO nanostructure arrays on Zn-plated flexible substrate in Zn(NO3)2/NH3 ċ H2O solution system at 70-90°C was developed. We found out that the decomposition of Zn(OH)2 precipitations, formed in lower NH3 ċ H2O concentration, in the bulk solution facilitates the formation of flower-like structure. In higher temperature, 90°C, ZnO nanoplate arrays were synthesized by the hydrolysis of zinc hydroxide. Highly dense ZnO nanoparticale layer formed by the reaction of NH3 ċ H2O with Zn plating layer in the initial self-seed process could improve the vertical alignment of the nanowires arrays. The diameter of ZnO nanowire arrays, from 200 nm to 60 nm, could be effectively controlled by changing the stability of Zn(NH3)42+ complex ions by varying the ratio of Zn(NO3)2/NH3 ċ H2O which further influence the release rate of Zn2+ ions. This is also conformed by different amounts of the Zn vacancy as determined by different UV emissions of the PL spectra in the range of 380-403 nm.
In The Aftermath of Cancer: The Psychological Status of AdolescentCancer Survivors and its Correlates

Objective: To assess the psychological status of adolescent cancer survivors and examined its associations with selected personal (coping, cancer-related distress) and familial factors (parents’ general stress, cancer-related distress). Method: Using a cross-sectional design, forty-one survivors (12-19 years) answered standardized measures to assess psychological well-being, mood and emotions and self-perception (KIDSCREEN-52), coping (ACS) and cancer-related distress (two numeric scales). Similarly, forty-one parents were assessed for general stress (PSS-14) and cancer-related distress (two numeric scales). Results: Mean scores for all KIDSCREEN psychological dimensions assessed were within normative values (50 ± 10). Regression analyses revealed two models with a range of explained variance between 17.3-31.1% for psychological well-being (F(2,37) = 5.070; p = 0.011) and mood and emotions (F(3,36) = 6.877; p = 0.001) respectively. Conclusion: This study provides tentative evidence that survivors’ psychological status is related to diverse personal and familial factors, especially those concerning adolescent mobilization of coping resources during hospitalization, and parental general stress in survivorship. Although psychological outcomes in survivorship appeared satisfactory compared to normative values; this study revealed that to facilitate positive psychological adaptation in the aftermath of cancer, psychosocial interventions aimed to enhance personal and family strengths to cope with the illness are needed throughout the process.
Non-surgical and Non-pharmacological Treatment of Knee Pain

Knee pain is an increasingly common presentation to general practitioners both in the United Kingdom and worldwide and is thought to be caused by a combination of the obesity epidemic, the ageing population and continuing worldwide population growth. Two distinct aetiologies of knee pain have been described: a bony-type which is usually degenerative in nature; and a ligamentous-type which usually occurs as a result of acute injury but then predisposes to the development of bony-type in later life. There are a wide variety of treatment options available to the clinician: ranging from conservative to major surgery. Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is often the end-point of many causes of knee pain and is used with increasingly frequency. However, there are a wide variety of problems associated with TKR including ongoing pain, patient dissatisfaction and the need for revision surgery. This review aims to demonstrate that TKR should be avoided unless absolutely necessary and also provides the clinician with an overview of the various evidence-based conservative options available to be utilised to improve patient pain and functional knee capabilities.
Radiological and functional assessment of the tibial pilon fractures treated by Ilizarov external fixation

Background & Objectives: The tibial pilon fractures are one of the challenging fractures in Orthopaedics because of limited soft tissue coverage and vicinity to the articular surface. Open reduction methods breach the soft tissue, which can result in serious complications. Ilizarov external fixation is minimally invasive and yields good clinical & radiological results with comparatively less complications. Methods: The study was conducted with 27 subjects in the age group of 18 – 80 years, between September 2014 and June 2016. Follow-up was done at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and before completion of study for Radiological outcome using Teeny-Wiss scoring system, Clinical results using Ovadia-Beals criteria and Foot and Ankle Outcome score. Results: 27 patients with average age of 44 years were studied. 20 cases were closed injuries and 7 were open. Most common cause was Road Traffic Accidents (21 cases), fall from height (5 cases) and a bomb blast injury. We achieved excellent & good Clinical results in 18 cases and radiologically anatomic & good reduction in 19 cases. 3 cases had nonunion and 11 cases had soft tissue complications. There were no cases of ankle arthrodesis or amputations or Deep vein thrombosis. The FAOS and EQ5D scores were tabulated. Conclusion: The common complications associated with Ilizarov external fixation being treatable on outpatient basis in most of the patients, makes this a better choice even in complicated cases. Patient compliance and meticulous follow-up are very important limiting factors.
Double resonant raman phenomena enhanced by van Hove singularities in single-wall carbon nanotubes

The behavior of the disorder-induced D band in the Raman spectrum of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT's) was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The measured maximum position of the D band for SWCNT bundles exhibits an oscillation superimposed on a linear shift, when the laser excitation energy ${E}_{\mathrm{laser}}$ varies in the range of 1.6--2.8 eV. We have shown theoretically by explicit integrations for the resonant Raman cross section that the D-band intensity of an isolated SWCNT has a sharp maximum when ${E}_{\mathrm{laser}}$ of either the incoming or the scattered photon matches a van Hove singularity in the joint density of states. This ``resonance'' must be considered in addition to the double resonance from a scattering by an impurity. Calculating the D band of a superposition of all the 114 SWCNT's within a given diameter range, both the shift and the oscillation in the experimentally observed spectra were reproduced.
Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der klassisch-syrischen Glyptik

This is a regional and chronological categorisation of the cylinder seals used in Syria and North Mesopotamia from about 1800-1730 BC. The methodology is based firstly on dated seals, some of them excavated in the 1990s, and secondly on the political structure and historical processes of an age which witnessed a new beginning and high point in the history of the region. The result is the identification of regional groupings of seals which coincide approximately with the regional states developing at that time. In each centre the development can be observed of an official iconography for the seals of the ruling elite at court. The groupings of seals provide evidence of immanent developments, foreign influences and mutual relationships. By localizing particular topic groups and motifs, it is possible to identify gods and other figures.
Physiological studies of cellulase complex enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulase

Investigation of the production of cellulase complex enzymes by the fungus Aspergillus oryzae on soluble bio- cellulosic waste like cheese whey was the goal of this work. The effects of incubation period, substrate concentration, initial pH and temperature on the production of endoglucanase, exoglucanase and cellulase (filter paper activity FPA) activities, were investigated. Seven days incubation period with an initial pH value of 6 and temperature of 40°C, and cheese whey concentration of 10% yielded the highest specific activities with 1.5 fold increases for endoglucanase and 1.4 fold increases for exoglucanase. Cellulase specific activity represented as FPA showed no fold increase at all. The optimum temperature of endoglucanase was observed at 55°C, and the enzyme activity has abroad pH range between 3.8 to 8.0 and 24.91% of the original activity was retained after heat treatment at 90°C for 30 min. Analysis of the partial purified enzyme preparation by SDS – PAGE revealed one protein band showing cellulolytic activity, The molecular weight of this band was estimated to be around 45.000 Daltons. Key words: Cellulolytic enzymes, Aspergillus oryzae, cheese whey, dinitrosalicylic acid(DNS), fermentation variables.
Diffusion‐driven kinetic isotope effect of Fe and Ni during formation of the Widmanstätten pattern

Abstract— Iron meteorites show resolvable Fe and Ni isotopic fractionation between taenite and kamacite. For Toluca (IAB), the isotopic fractionations between the two phases are around +0.1‰/amu for Fe and −0.4‰/amu for Ni. These variations may be due to i) equilibrium fractionation, ii) differences in the diffusivities of the different isotopes, or iii) a combination of both processes. A computer algorithm was developed in order to follow the growth of kamacite out of taenite during the formation of the Widmanstätten pattern as well as calculate the fractionation of Fe and Ni isotopes for a set of cooling rates ranging from 25 to 500 °C/Myr. Using a relative difference in diffusion coefficients of adjacent isotopes of 4‰/amu for Fe and Ni (β = 0.25), the observations made in Toluca can be reproduced for a cooling rate of 50 °C/Myr. This value agrees with earlier cooling rate estimates based on Ni concentration profiles. This supports the idea that the fractionation measured for Fe and Ni in iron meteorites is driven by differences in diffusivities of isotopes. It also supports the validity of the value of 0.25 adopted for β for diffusion of Fe and Ni in Fe‐Ni alloy in the temperature range of 400–700 °C.