Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Most Irreplaceable Protected Areas for the Conservation of Mammals in the Atlantic Forest: Lessons for the Governance of Mosaics

We have gathered 21,353 records of 40 different medium- and large-sized species of mammals existing in the Atlantic Forest conservation units of Brazil, including full protection and sustainable use types of management. We have classified the conservation units by their irreplaceability in terms of their role in the protection of mammalian species. Most irreplaceable conservation units are concentrated in the southern and southeastern regions of Brazil, mainly in the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Paraná. Our data show that over and above the area of the conservation unit or its type of use, protection of its surroundings appears to be of most consequence. Therefore, it is essential to develop effective mosaic governance mechanisms that include protected areas and different types of land use. However, it is also necessary to establish common ground that allows the coexistence of human economic demands and wildlife preservation.
Constructing real and text worlds in responding to literature

Constructing Contexts In constructing the meaning of these realworld contexts, people envision social situations as representative of certain types of activities (Gumperz, 1992; Tannen, 1993). They conceive of certain events-class discussions, business meetings, ceremonies, celebrations, or trips-as romantic, cosmopolitan, competitive, provincial, exotic, spiritual, or corrupt, and these conceptions then guide their behaviors and expectations in these worlds. A dinner with a lover in a fancy restaurant is "romantic," a meeting of international scholars is "cosmopolitan," a soccer game is "competitive. " Participants in these contexts associate certain types of social practices with being in a certain world. According to Schein (1985), these practices include:
Changes in gingival blood flow during orthodontic treatment

The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in gingival blood flow due to orthodontic forces. Eleven volunteers, with the maxillary canine in an ectopic position were tested. A Laser Doppler Flowmeter (LDF) with a gingival probe was used, registering both the blood flow and temperature of the gingivae. After baseline measurement, a fixed orthodontic appliance was bonded. Measurements were repeated monthly, after activation of the appliance. The study lasted 6 months. The baseline value was 338.7 ± 201.56 P.U. [Perfusion Unit (mean ± S.D.)] which decreased to 218.9 ± 74.83 P.U. (p < 0.05) after two months and the final value of 363.9 ± 194.86 P.U was not significantly different from that initially (p > 0.5). The results showed that application of a force of 75 g resulted in a decrease in gingival blood flow up to 50%, but this returned to previous values after a few months. The study supports this measurement technique as a useful tool for monitoring gingival blood flow in long-term studies as well.
Erratum

In the article “Stacked Stigma: Oncology Social Workers’ Perceptions of the Lung Cancer Experience” by Annemarie Conlon, Dorie Gilbert, Barbara Jones, and Patti Aldredge, published in the Journal of Psychosocial Oncology 28(1):98–115, 2010, the following acknowledgement should be stated: “This research was supported by the Doctoral Training Grant in Oncology Social Work, # DSW-06-222-01, from the American Cancer Society. ”
Modularity in Syntax: A Study of Japanese and English

This book clarifies some of the central issues in Japanese syntax, pointing the way to solving several long-standing problems. It presents an alternative to the Standard Theory, a model which has dominated Japanese linguistics for a number of years.Following the study of the syntactic and lexical levels of representation in Japanese, the book brings the same theoretical perspective to bear on English. Although Japanese, a so-called nonconfigurational language, is typologically far removed from Indo-European languages, Farmer shows that Modular Grammar, which was primarily developed to account for an "exotic" language, yields insights into English as well, In particular, she examines the status of pronouns and anaphors. Aspects of Government Binding theory are adapted for both Japanese and English, providing significant evidence that still-evolving theories have wide and possibly universal validity.Modularity in Syntax concludes by comparing Japanese and English, speculating on the extent to which the typological differences between them are a function of the nature of the rules and principles that mediate between the syntax and the lexical structure of the two languages.Ann Farmer is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Linguistics, at the University of Arizona. This book is the ninth in the series, Current Studies in Linguistics, edited by Samuel Jay Keyser.
Practical Guide Based on Learning Cycle 5E to Enhance Students’ Cognitive Learning Outcomes

The practical guide is a teaching material that students use in labwork activities. This learning cycle 5E (Engangement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, Evaluation) on practical guide is expected to be used as an alternative choice for teacher in improving students’ cognitive learning outcomes in concept of pressure and symptoms of capillarity in plants. The aim of this study was : 1) to describe the feasibility of develop practical guide based on learning cycle 5E and 2) to analyse the improvement of the practical guide based on learning cycle 5E to enhance cognitive learning outcomes of eight graders of junior high school in science lesson. Here, we used the Research and Development refers to the procedural steps of the 4D models by Thiagarajan. To test the efficacy, pretest and posttest were employed.This is a quasi-experiment research conducted in MTsN 3 Ngawi. Research subjects were all students of grade 8 by taking class 8A as the experimental class and 8B as the control class. Samples were taken by cluster sampling technique. The result of the feasibility test showed that practical guide included in the excellent category. T-test analysis suggests that the practical guide based on learning cycle 5E could improve students’ cognitive learning outcomes significantly. In addition to contributing to the improvement of students’ cognitive learning outcomes in MTsn 3 ngawi, the development of science cycle-based learning guide based on learning cycle 5e can also provide students practice skills in learning so that it is expected to contribute posotif in the community.
Joint Task Offloading and Resource Allocation for Mobile Cloud with Computing Access Point

Joint Task Offloading and Resource Allocation for Mobile Cloud with Computing Access Point Meng-Hsi Chen Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2017 Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) extends the capabilities of mobile devices to improve user experience. Mobile users can offload tasks to the cloud, using abundant cloud resources to help them gather, store, and process data. In this dissertation, we consider a general three-tier multi-user MCC system consisting of mobile users, a computing access point (CAP), and a remote cloud server. The CAP serves both as the network access gateway and a computation service provider to the mobile users, so that each task may be processed locally, at the CAP, or at a remote cloud server. In a multi-user scenario, to offload tasks, we need to further allocate communication and computation resources among competing users. The existing works either optimize only the offloading decisions of tasks without the resource allocation for three-tier systems, or consider only the two-tier systems with mobile users and the remote (or nearby) processor. Instead, for a general three-tier system, we jointly consider both the offloading decision and resource allocation among all users, with an aim to conserve energy and maintain service quality for all of them. We first consider the scenario where each user has a single task, with an aim to minimize the overall cost of energy consumption, computation, and maximum delay among users. The joint optimization problem is formulated as a mixed-integer program, which is NP-hard in general. An efficient heuristic algorithm using semidefinite relaxation (SDR) and a new randomization mapping approach is proposed. For the case with strict delay constraints for each task, we propose a three-step algorithm to obtain a ii feasible solution that is locally optimal. We further investigate a more general mobile cloud network where each user has multiple independent tasks. Both cases with and without a CAP are studied, and corresponding nearly optimal solutions are obtained. In addition to the centralized optimizations above, we also study the interaction between selfish mobile users and the CAP. We use a game theoretic approach by letting mobile users distributively compute their own offloading decisions based on their respective cost function, while the CAP decides the allocation of communication and computation resources. We show that a Nash equilibrium (NE) exists in our formulated game, and we propose an algorithm which leads to an NE in finite steps. In all cases above, we show that the proposed methods provide nearly optimal performance. Furthermore, by exploiting the CAP efficiently, we can significantly reduce the energy and computation costs of mobile cloud computing over traditional two-tier systems where offloaded tasks are only processed at the remote cloud center.
Cost analysis of long established and newer oral antiepileptic drugs available in The Indian Market

Background: Large number of pharmaceutical companies manufactures antiepileptic drugs in India. The price variations among the marketed drugs are wide. Aims: The present study was aimed to find the cost of different oral antiepileptic drugs available in Indian market as monotherapy, combination therapy and number of manufacturing companies for each, to evaluate difference in cost of different brands of same dosage of same active drug by calculating percentage variation of cost. Methods and Materials: Cost of a drug being manufactured by different companies, in the same strength and dosage forms was obtained from “Indian Drug Review” Vol. XXI, Issue No.4, 2014 and “Current Index of Medical Specialties” July-October 2014. The difference in the maximum and minimum price of the same drug manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies and percentage variation in price was calculated. Results: The percentage price variation noted of long-established drugs was – Phenytoin (50mg): 140%, Carbamazepine (100mg): 1033%, Phenobarbital (30mg) : 730%, Valproic acid (300mg) : 420%. Newer drugs –Levetiracetam (250mg): 75%, Lamotrigine (25mg): 66%, Topiramate (50mg): 108%, Zonisamide (100mg): 19%. Combination drugs – Phenobarbital + Phenytoin (30+100) mg: 354.55%. Conclusion: The percentage price variation of different brands of the same commonly used long-established oral antiepileptic drug manufactured in India is very wide. The formulation or brand of Antiepileptic drugs (AED’s) should preferably not be changed since variations in bioavailability or different pharmacokinetic profiles may increase the potential for reduced effect or excessive side effects. Hence, manufacturing companies should aim to decrease the price variation while maintaining the therapeutic efficacy.
La comunicación cultural y los públicos del teatro

espanolDurante los ultimos anos, el publico ha pasado a estar en el centro de la estrategia de las entidades culturales. Cada vez es mas necesario conocer sus habitos, deseos y necesidades para ofrecer productos que resulten interesantes y puedan incentivar la demanda. Aunque las variables analizadas para conocer las audiencias teatrales han sido numerosas, el papel de la comunicacion cultural apenas ha sido estudiado. En este articulo se analiza la importancia de la comunicacion cultural y su relacion con la asistencia al teatro en tres salas teatrales de la ciudad de Valencia con programacion teatral diferenciada. Para ello se entrevisto a 210 espectadores teatrales. Los resultados obtenidos han puesto de manifiesto que la busqueda de informacion previa esta directamente relacionada con la asistencia al teatro: los espectadores que asisten con mas frecuencia al teatro y el publico de salas independientes leen resenas o criticas teatrales y consultan informacion relacionada con las artes escenicas de manera mas frecuente. Sin embargo, los que asisten al teatro en menor medida y aquellos que acuden a salas de programacion comercial son los que se muestran mas receptivos a elementos de influencia exterior como los mensajes e imagenes ofrecidas por los medios de comunicacion y las recomendaciones y prescripciones de amigos y conocidos. EnglishFor the last several years, audience has become the centre of the cultural entities’ strategy. It is increasingly necessary to know their habits, wants and needs to offer interesting products for consumption and to stimulating the demand. Although a number of variables have been analysed to know the theatre audiences, the role of cultural communication has hardly been studied. This article discusses the importance of cultural communication and its relationship with the theatre attendance in three theatres at the city of Valencia with differentiated theatre programing. To hat 210 theatre spectators were interviewed. The results have shown that the search of prior information is directly related with the frequency of attendance to the theatre: audiences who attend more often to the theatre and those who go mainly to independent theatres consult information related to the performing arts more often. However, audiences attending to a lesser extent and those who usually assist to commercial theatres are those who are more receptive to external influence elements as messages posted on the media and the recommendations and prescriptions of friends and acquaintances.
Barium Enema in the Diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s Disease: A Comparison with Rectal Biopsy -

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of a barium enema in Hirschsprung’s disease with respect to a rectal biopsy. Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on 60 consecutive patients of clinically suspected cases of Hirschsprung’s disease admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir over a period of three and a half years. All the patients were subjected to a barium enema and a full-thickness rectal biopsy. Results: The mean age was 3.5 + 0.5 years. A rectal biopsy revealed absence of ganglion cells in 36 (60%) patients, absence of ganglion cells with nerve hypertrophy in 4 (6.66%) patients and ruled out Hirschsprung’s disease in 20 (33.33%) patients. A barium enema was compatible with Hirschsprung’s disease in 20 (33.33%), suggestive in 14 (23.33%) and unremarkable in 26 (43.33%) patients. A barium enema had a diagnostic accuracy of 76.67% with a positive predictive value of 88.23%, a negative predictive value of 61.53%, specificity of 80% and a sensitivity of 75%, and a rectal biopsy had a diagnostic accuracy of 100% (P value < 0.0001). Conclusion: Barium enema is a valuable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of patients with Hirschsprung’s disease. We recommend a barium enema as a routine initial workup in the management of patients of suspected Hirschsprung’s disease.
Effect of a Public Health Center Exercise Program on Physical Fitness Factors, Body Weight, Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in Elderly Women

Purpose: The study examined the effect of exercise public health center exercise program on strength, balance, body composition and blood pressure in healthy elderly women. Method: Thirty healthy elderly women were divided into three 12-week exercise groups: Tai-Chi (n=10), silver dance (n=10), and band exercise (n=10). The results were analyzed by two-way repeated ANOVA and paired t-test using SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Body weight and body mass index were significantly decreased in the Tai-Chi and silver dance groups. In addition, there was a significant increase in balance time and reduced diastolic blood pressure in Tai-Chi participant. Grip strength was significantly increased in Tai-Chi and silver dance participants, but there was no effect in the band exercise group. Agility was significantly increased in the band exercise group. Conclusion: Tai-Chi and silver dance may be beneficial to improve fitness of elderly people, although the details remain to be elucidated.
Evidence for Art Historical Interpretation Referred to by Young People and Adults

This study describes the range of types of evidence referred to by a variety of individuals of different ages and art education backgrounds as they made attempts at art historical interpretation. Over 800 participants ranging from six year olds through adults were asked to art historically interpret reproductions of artworks from various eras and cultures. Participants referred to four general types of evidence: artist, viewer, culture, and perception. The findings of this study may provide a basis for generating hypotheses for a grounded theory of the development of art historical understanding.
Land cover changes on temperate organic substrates over last 150 years: evidence from the Czech Republic

Organic substrates are distinctive and important resources due to their ability to regulate nutrient cycles and habitats they provide. In this research we test the importance of organic substrates for present distribution of habitats accumulating organic sediment and compare historic (circa 1850) and present land cover maps to characterise the long-term change on these substrates. The results show: 1) areal extent of organic substrates in lowlands is 8552 ha, in highlands 11,465 ha and in mountains 13,374 ha; 2) the area of current mire habitats is 43,801.75 ha, on organic-substrates it is 9555.64 ha (i.e. 21.82% share on all current mire habitats) and mire habitats covers 28.62% of organic sediments, and; 3) the test of losses and gains among land cover units and between organic and non-organic soils show us, that the most remarkable land cover losses on organic soils occurred on grasslands in all altitude categories – to water areas and arable land in Lowlands (< 350 m a.s.l.), to forests in Highlands (from 350 to 750 m a.s.l.) and Mountains (> 750 m a.s.l.). Although organic sediments are sparse in lowlands, they were found to be very important for the present distribution of mire habitats.
The joy of pain: A gloating account of negative electronic word-of-mouth communication following an organizational setback

Purpose Recent research on word-of-mouth (WOM) has presented consistent evidence on the importance of secondary WOM (sWOM) on online user-generated content (UGC) and on diffusion of positive and negative commercial information. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what motivates consumers to spread, via electronic WOM communication, negative information about commercial entities adversity using malicious verbal narratives. Based on concepts related to the joy of pain (schadenfreude) and gloating behavior the authors propose a set of hypotheses designed to test two key moderators (perceived deservingness and entity’s status) as well as the process of spiteful dissemination like content assimilation, dissemination time and duration. Design/methodology/approach The research consists on a series of four studies using different research methods (surveys and experiments) and a mix of quantitative and qualitative analyses. Findings Results show that actively communicating about others’ adversity (i.e. gloating behavior) provides an outlet to the passive observation of others’ adversity (i.e. schadenfreude feelings). Results indicate that schadenfreude and gloating are linked to the perceived deservingness of a commercial entity and entity status (the tall poppy syndrome). Results also show that malicious feelings and gloating behavior cause consumers to disseminate information more widely, more rapidly, for a longer period and frequently distort its content. Research limitations/implications The findings contribute to literature on WOM by introducing an approach that highlights the potential negative effects of WOM on the dissemination of commercial information that might harm the relevant commercial entity’s reputation and goodwill. Originality/value This study illuminates the prevalence of negative rhetoric in WOM and supports the theory schadenfreude motives as a trigger for gloating behavior in the form of disseminating negative, malicious and intense WOM regarding commercial setbacks. This research is the first to examine and demonstrates that when it comes to WOM communication, schadenfreude feelings and gloating behavior might play a central role in the dissemination of negative information and the two constructs’ role in understanding infostorms, the sudden flow of large quantities of negative WOM using strong gleeful exultation. This study is the first to examine these phenomena in the business setting.
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS FACTORS ON EXPERIMENTALLY PRODUCED CONVULSIONS

Since Wilder, 1 in 1921, suggested the use of a ketogenic diet in the treatment for epilepsy, this procedure has taken a definite place in the treatment for this type of convulsion. The mechanism of the action of this diet, however, is not yet clear. It was suggested by Wilder that the anesthetic action of the ketones produced in the body was the controlling factor. It was also suggested by McQuarrie 2 that the dehydrating effect of the ketone bodies decreased the susceptibility of the nervous tissue, thereby lessening the frequency of the convulsive attacks. In order to study the effect of various factors on experimentally produced convulsions, I selected as an active convulsing agent the drug thujone, C 10 H 16 O, the chief constituent of the volatile oil of absinthe (wormwood), which has been used by various investigators 3 since it was first mentioned by Marce 4 in
Adaptive control of rigid-link electrically-driven robots

In this paper, we combine the approaches presented previously by us (1991, 1992) to design an adaptive controller for rigid-link electrically-driven (RLED) robot manipulators. With the proposed controller, we prove that the link position tracking error is globally asymptotically stable in spite of parametric uncertainty and the presence of electrical motor dynamics. <<ETX>>
O ensino do processo de enfermagem: opinião dos enfermeiros

In this research 24 nurses took part. They graduated between the years of 1980 and 1986, by the nurse Departament of the Health Sciences Center from the "Universidade Estadual de Londrina". We search to check out the opinion of the nurses about the nursing education process and their suggestions to adequate it to their professional life.