Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GARCH-Type Model with Continuous and Jump Variation for Stock Volatility and Its Empirical Study in China

On the basis of GARCH-RV-type model, we decomposed the realized volatility into continuous sample path variation and discontinuous jump variation, then proposed a new volatility model which we call the GARCH-type model with continuous and jump variation (GARCH-CJ-type model). By using the 5-minute high frequency data of HUSHEN 300 index in China, we estimated parameters of the GARCH-type model, the GARCH-RV-type model, and the GARCH-CJ-type model and compared the three types of models’ predictive power to the future volatility. The results show that the realized volatility and the continuous sample path variation have certain predictive power for future volatility, but the discontinuous jump variation does not have that kind of function. What is more, the GARCH-CJ-type model has a more power to predict the future volatility than the other two types of models. Therefore, the GARCH-CJ-type model is much more useful for the research on the capital assets pricing, the derivative security valuation, and so on.
Factors Affecting Some Hematology and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Three Indigenous Sheep Breeds

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of some factors such as breed, age and sex on some hematological and biochemical parameters at Duhok province; Kurdistan region of Iraq. Blood samples from 120 healthy sheep (60 males and 60 females) from three flocks around Duhok city were used. The overall mean for Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (HB), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Neutrophils to Lymphocyte ratio (N/L), Total Protein (TP), Albumin (ALB), Globulin (GLO), Glucose (GLU), Cholesterol (CHO) and Blood Urea (BU) were 27.35± 3.16 %, 8.93 ± 1.07 g/dl, 8.88 ± 2.76 mm/7hrs, 1.32 ± 0.37 %, 6.00± 0.34 g/dl, 2.10 ± 0.26 g/dl, 3.61 ± 0.42 g/dl, 60.36 ± 15.04 mg/dl, 46.69 ± 11.81 mg/dl and 41.75 ± 9.84 mg/dl, respectively. There were a highly significant PCV, HB, ESR, N/L and BU with the lowest Albumin (p Male) (p<0.01), But these parameters were remained within the normal ranges for healthy sheep. Key words : Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, Breed, Age, Sex, Sheep.
The Influence of Religion on the Leisure Behavior of Immigrant Muslims in the United States

Using the concepts of ethnic resilience and selective acculturation as a theoretical foundation, this study analyzes the effect of religion on the leisure behavior of Muslim immigrants to the U.S. The research project was based on 24 interviews that were conducted in the spring and summer of 2002 with immigrants from Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Turkey, Pakistan, India, Korea, and Mexico. The results of the study show that the effect of Islam on leisure behavior manifests itself through the emphasis on strong family ties and on family oriented leisure among Muslims; the need to teach and supervise children and to pass traditional moral values to subsequent generations; the requirement of modesty in dress, speech and everyday behavior; as well as the restrictions on mix-gender interactions, dating, food and alcohol. The finding of this study suggest that leisure researchers need to pay more attention to the effects of religion on leisure behavior and should strive to incorporate the religious beliefs as part of the cultural heritage of minorities.
Attitudes Towards Time At International Migrants

In the paper the results of the comparative research of the attitudes towards past, present and future at students and international migrants are provided. This study has revealed a number of important trends in attitudes towards the time of Russian-speaking migrants residing in the UK. The main significance of the research is that it comprehensively studied time attitudes of the individual in migrants (integrating memory, mentality, nonverbal associations, language) in comparison with the indigenous inhabitants. It was shown that sweet nostalgia for the past events gives energy and strength for new tasks, the activity and importance of the present events create the impression of a rapid change of events and life intensity. Moreover, migrants look to the future with more hope and optimism than non-migrants do. They set goals, persistently follow them and expect rewards from the future. On this path they are ready to sacrifice today’s pleasures for the sake of future achievements. A positive attitude towards time (not only to the past, but also to the present and the future) can act as a coping mechanism for migrants, both for individuals and for a group. In general, time for people living outside the home country can be considered as a valuable resource, not so much related to material but to spiritual values (impressions, emotions, attitudes, etc.). © 2018 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
THE GAS/DUST RATIO OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS: TESTING MODELS OF PLANETESIMAL FORMATION

We present high-resolution, near-infrared NIRSPEC observations of CO absorption toward six class II T Tauri stars: AA Tau, DG Tau, IQ Tau, RY Tau, CW Tau, and Haro 6–5b. 12CO overtone absorption lines originating from the circumstellar disk of each object were used to calculate line-of-sight gas column densities toward each source. We measured the gas/dust ratio as a function of disk inclination, utilizing measured visual extinctions and inclinations for each star. The majority of our sources show further evidence for a correlation between the gas/dust column density ratio and disk inclination similar to that found by Rettig et al.
EFFECT OF COMBINED CALCIUM HYDROXIDE AND ACCELERATED PORTLAND CEMENT ON BONE FORMATION AND SOFT TISSUE HEALING IN DOG BONE LESIONS

Statement of Problem: Recent literatures show that accelerated Portland cement (APC) and calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 may have the potential to promote the bone regeneration. However, certain clinical studies reveal consistency of Ca (OH) 2, as one of the practical drawbacks of the material when used alone. To overcome such inconvenience, the combination of the Ca (OH) 2 with a bone replacement material could offer a convenient solution. Objectives: To evaluate the soft tissue healing and bone regeneration in the periodontal intrabony osseous defects using accelerated Portland cement (APC) in combination with calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 , as a filling material. Materials and Methods : Five healthy adult mongrel dogs aged 2-3 years old (approximately 20 kg in weight) with intact dentition and healthy periodontium were selected for this study. Two one-wall defects in both mesial and distal aspects of the 3rd premolars of both sides of the mandible were created. Therefore, four defects were prepared in each dog. Three defects in each dog were randomly filled with one of the following materials: APC alone, APC mixed with Ca (OH) 2 , and Ca (OH) 2 alone. The fourth defect was left empty (control). Upon clinical examination of the sutured sites, the amount of dehiscence from the adjacent tooth was measured after two and eight weeks, using a periodontal probe mesiodistally. For histometric analysis, the degree of new bone formation was estimated at the end of the eighth postoperative week, by a differential point-counting method. The percentage of the defect volume occupied by new osteoid or trabecular bone was recorded. Results: Measurement of wound dehiscence during the second week revealed that all five APCs had an exposure of 1-2 mm and at the end of the study all samples showed 3-4 mm exposure across the surface of the graft material, whereas the Ca (OH) 2, control, and APC + Ca (OH) 2 groups did not show any exposure at the end of the eighth week of the study. The most amount of bone formation was observed in APC group which was significantly different with all other groups ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite acceptable soft tissue response of Ca (OH) 2 , this additive material could not be suggested because of negative effects on bone formation results.
THE INFLUENCE OF INGROUP IDENTIFICATION AND TARGET PROTOTYPICALITY ON FACIAL RECOGNITION

Research on face recognition demonstrates that the cross-category effect—the phenomena of recognizing ingroup members better then outgroup members— results from individuation of faces categorized as ingroup, and assimilation of faces categorized as outgroup. However, because individuation occurs in comparison to the ingroup prototype, I argue that whether individuation aids recognition depends on the similarity between the ingroup prototype and the target faces. Assuming that ingroup identification encourages categorization, and thus individuation of ingroup members, I tested the relationship between ingroup identification and recognition of ingroup and outgroup targets that differed in ingroup prototypicality. Participants viewed prototypical and non-prototypical target faces from either the ingroup or outgroup university, and were then tested for recognition. As predicted, ingroup (university) identification was positively related to recognition of prototypical targets and negatively related to recognition of non-prototypical targets, regardless of differences in participant prototypicality. Ingroup identification was negatively related to outgroup member recognition.
The Antecedents of Innovative Work Behavior: The Roles of Self-Monitoring

In this study, the authors examined why employees engage in innovative behavior even though innovation is a risky behavior. Employees tend to engage in innovative behavior since they expect positive image gains. Besides, employees tend to avoid innovative behavior because it forfeits their image inside organization (expected image risks). Furthermore, the willingness to engage in innovative behavior depends on individual differences. Therefore, the authors tried to examine the role of individual differences, drawing from self-monitoring theory. The surprising findings were the quality of relationship between employees and their peers did not affect employee image risk and self-monitoring did not moderate the relationship between expected image gain and innovative work behavior. Jovi Sulistiawan (Indonesia), Nuri Herachwati (Indonesia), Silvia Dwi Permatasari (Indonesia), Zainiyah Alfirdaus (Indonesia) BUSINESS PERSPECTIVES LLC “СPС “Business Perspectives” Hryhorii Skovoroda lane, 10, Sumy, 40022, Ukraine www.businessperspectives. org The Antecedents of Innovative Work Behavior:
A GRAPH-BASED APPROACH TO CHECK A PRODUCT FUNCTIONAL NET

In the conceptual design, a product can be viewed as a functional net, defined in the classic active verb-object way, by mean of functional elements and links associated to the flow of energy, material and signals and link of force. In order to assure the validity of the links at different levels, in the paper the graph theory is employed to check the suitability of a functional net, treated as a collection of sub graphs, each defined on a type of link. In order to verify the functional net it is necessary to identify each subnet, characterized by the same kind of link, and check each one using a set of formal relations that represent the feature of each link. Based on these relations a set of controls have been implemented for each subnet.
Efficacy of Cameroonian Ocimum canum Sims (Lamiaceae) leaf extract fractions against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), infesting Bambara groundnut

Botanicals could berneco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides in stored product protection. Ocimumrncanum leaf powder was sequentially extracted in hexane, acetone andrnmethanol, and the fractions were tested for their potential in protectingrnstored Bambara groundnut seeds against the infestation of Callosobruchusrnmaculatus. Bambara groundnut seeds (50 g) were treated with 1 and 5 g/kg ofrnextract to evaluate the repellence, mortality, F1 progenyrnproduction, seed damage of the beetle as well the persistence of the testrnsubstances. The hexane fraction was more repellent than the other two,rnrecording repellence class V at 1 g/kg. Hexane fraction also showed superiorrntoxicity, causing 100% mortality of C. maculatus at 5 g/kg within 7 daysrnof exposure. All the fractions, at 5 g/kg, somewhat completely inhibitedrnprogeny emergence and seed damage. Hexane fraction had sufficient efficacy tornbe a component of storage pest management package of C. maculatus.
Chaotic advection and nonlinear resonances in an oceanic flow above submerged obstacle

The effect of an isolated submarine obstacle on the motion of fluid particles in a periodic external flow is studied within the framework of the barotropic, quasi-geostrophic approximation on f -plane. The concept of background currents advanced by Kozlov [1995. Background currents in geophysical hydrodynamics. Izvestia, Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 31 (2), 245–250] is used to construct a dynamically consistent stream function satisfying the potential vorticity conservation law. It is shown that a system of two topographic vortices revolving about a rotation center can form in a circular external flow. Unsteady periodic perturbations, associated with either variations in the background current or deviations of the external flow from circulation, are analyzed. Unsteadiness in the external flow essentially complicates the pattern of the motion of fluid particles. Vortex-type quasi-periodic structures, identified with nonlinear resonances that form in Lagrangian equations of fluid particle advection, are examined. They either surround the stationary configuration by a vortex chain—a ringlet-like structure [Kennelly, M.A., Evans, R.H. , Joyce, T.M. , 1985. Small-scale cyclones on the periphery of Gulf Stream warm-core rings. J. Geophys. Res. 90(5), 8845–8857], or they form a complex-structure multivortex domain. Asymptotic estimates and numerical modeling are used to study the distribution and widths of the nonlinear resonance domains that appear under unsteady perturbations of different types. The onset of chaotic regimes owing to the overlapping of nonlinear resonance domains is analyzed. Transport fluxes determined by chaotic advection and barriers for transport ∗ Corresponding author. Tel. : +7 4232444012; fax: +7 4232312573. E-mail address: kvkoshel@poi.dvo. ru (K.V. Koshel). 0169-5983/$32.00 © 2008 The Japan Society of Fluid Mechanics and Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.fluiddyn. 2008.03. 001 Author's personal copy 696 K.V. Koshel et al. / Fluid Dynamics Research 40 (2008) 695–736 (KAM-tori) and the conditions of their existence are studied. The relation of the rotation frequency of fluid particles on their initial position (when the dependence is calculated in the undisturbed system) is shown to completely determine the main features of the pattern of Lagrangian trajectories and chaotization effects. Because of nonlinear effects, the domain involved in quasi-periodic and chaotic motions can be much larger than the domain occupied by steady topographic vortices. The results of study by Sokolovskiy et al. [1988. On the influence of an isolated submerged obstacle on a barotropic tidal flow. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 88(1), 1–30] concerning the due regard on the irrotational background component as the necessary factor for the transportation of fluid particles from the vortex domain to infinity are confirmed. © 2008 The Japan Society of Fluid Mechanics and Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 05.45. −a; 05.45. Pq; 74.30. Jj; 47.52. +j
Effects of fish farm effluents on the periphyton of an Andean stream

In this study we analyse the structure and composition of the periphyton, upstream and downstream of a fish farm located at an Andean stream. The effluents discharges large quantities of phosphorus and organic matter from the feed remnants and the faeces. The input of organic matter caused a reduction in algal biomass and a change in the relative abundance of some species. The ratio between chlorophyll a and total organic matter concentrations indicated that the periphyton consisted of a high photosynthetic fraction at upstream sites, while downstream heterotrophic conditions were favoured. The community, which was composed mainly of diatoms, was dominated by Achnanthes minutissima at every site, except at the mouth of an effluent channel of the fish farm, where Nitzschia supralitorea dominated. When there are high organic matter inputs, the prostrate motile form acquires advantages over the rosette, adnate and filamentous forms, with a consequent change in community structure.
Using Huehn’s Nonparametric Stability Statistics to Investigate Genotype × Environment Interaction

Genotype x environment interaction (GEI) is of special interest in breeding programs to identify adaptation targets and test locations as well as to determine the most favorable genotypes. There are several nonparametric procedures used to interpret the GEI in multi-environmental trials. The purposes of this investigation were (i) to compare the effect of correction on Huehn's nonparametric stability statistics and (ii) to use nonparametric statistics for a GEI study on lentil. Nine improved lentil genotypes and one local cultivar were grown in 5 sites during two consecutive years. Results of the nonparametric analysis demonstrated both additive and crossover GEIs. According to uncorrected nonparametric statistics, genotypes G8 and G9 were the most stable and based on corrected nonparametric statistics of Huehn, genotypes G1, G2 and G10 were the most stable. In this investigation, mean of ranks (MR) and coefficient of variation of ranks (CV) with Si(6) were associated with high mean yield (within the dynamic concept of stability), but the other nonparametric statistics were not positively correlated with mean yield and were identified within a static concept of stability. Results also indicated that corrected nonparametric statistics were not suitable for simultaneous selection of mean yield and stability. Such an outcome could be used to delineate predictive, more rigorous recommendation strategies as well as to help define stability concepts to identify recommendations for lentil and other crops.
Investment Shocks and Macroeconomic Co-Movement

Recent studies find that shocks to the marginal efficiency of investment are main drivers of business cycles. However, they struggle to explain why consumption co-moves with key real variables such as investment and output. In this paper, we show that, within a conventional business cycle model, rule-of-thumb consumption provides a straightforward explanation of macroeconomic co-movement after a shock to the marginal efficiency of investment.
Entrepreneurship and Team Participation: An Experimental Study

Entrepreneurs are surprisingly unlikely to have partners. One possible explanation for this is that entrepreneurs have distinctive preferences for working alone rather than in teams. However, a number of alternative explanations exist, such as an inability to locate suitable partners or low profitability from having a partner. Utilizing a diverse subject population with a high proportion of active entrepreneurs, we use a team production experiment to directly examine whether entrepreneurs prefer to work alone or in a team. The experiment also measures an important determinant of entrepreneurs' performances within teams, and their relative tendency to free-ride. The data indicate that entrepreneurs, while no more likely to free-ride on their teammates, are substantially more interested in working alone than similar non-entrepreneurs.
Evolution in the brain, Evolution in the Mind: John Hughlings Jackson and the Origins of Psychoanalysis (and of Neuropsychoanalysis)

This article first aims to demonstrate the different ways the work of the English Neurologist John Hughlings Jackson has influenced Freud. It will be argued that these can be summarised in five points. It is further argued that the framework proposed by Jackson continued to be pursued by 20th century neuroscientists such as Papez, MacLean and Panksepp into tripartite hierarchical evolutionary models. Finally, the account presented here will shed some light on the similarities encountered by neuropsychoanalytic researchers between contemporary accounts of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous systems on the one hand, and of Freudian models of the mind at the other. These, I will demonstrate, are more than similarities. They have a historical underpinning to them, as both accounts originate from one common source: John Hughlings Jackson’s tripartite evolutionary hierarchic view of the brain.
Efficacy of Ethanolic Extract of Carica papaya leaves as a Substitute of Sulphanomide for the Control of Coccidiosis in KABIR Chickens in Cameroon

Coccidiosis remains one of the main diseases affecting performance in poultry. This work was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of an ethanolic leaf extract of Carica papaya with regard to growth, parasitological and haematological parameters in Eimeria-infected KABIR chickens. Fresh leaves were harvested, dried in gentle heat, ground and sieved powder was used to prepare the etha- nolic extract. Chickens were infected with 3200 Eimeria oocysts until they began shedding oocysts in their faeces. The ethanolic extract was administered at doses of 0.32g/chicken/day (T1), 0.80 g/ chicken/day (T2) and 1.44 g/chicken/day (T3), directly into the chickens' mouths. Chickens of T4 received a standard anti-cocciadial drug, sulfaquinoxalina-LH, those in T5 were infected but not treated while T6 was the neutral group. Red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts as well as haemoglobin (Hb) values were determined. Among the trial groups, T3 and T1 had the highest and lowest feed conversion rates of 1.87% and 1.62% respectively. The highest average growth rate was recorded in T1 (7.09%) while the least was registered in T3 (2.74%). Carcass pa- rameters were similar in all groups except for the hearts. In the trial groups chickens in T3 had the highest oocyst reduction rate (97.4%) while those in T1 had the lowest (94.5%), but the differences were not statistically significant. Overall, the highest oocyst reduction count was recorded in chick- ens of T4 (98.7%) while the lowest was recorded in chickens of T5. RBC was significantly highest (P ≤ 0.043) in T1 and lowest in T5. WBC was significantly highest (P ≤ 0.031) in T4 and lowest in T5. Hb values were similar in all groups. Ethanolic leaf extract of C. papaya could be as effective as standard anti-coccidial drugs if used before the threshold level of parasitic infection.
How Evolving Fabric Affects Shear Banding in Sand

Fabric anisotropy affects importantly the overall behaviour of sand in-cluding its strength and deformation characteristics. While both experimental and numerical evidence indicates that soil fabric evolves steadily with the applied stress/strain, how evolving fabric influences the initiation and development of shear band in sand remains an intriguing question to be fully addressed. In this pa-per, we present a numerical study on strain localization in sand, highlighting the special role played by soil fabric and its evolution. In particular, a critical state sand plasticity model accounting for the effect of fabric and its evolution is used in the finite element analysis of plane strain compression tests. It is found that the in-itiation of shear band is controlled by the initial fabric, while the development of shear band is governed by two competing physical mechanisms, namely, the struc-tural constraint and the evolution of fabric. The evolution of fabric generally makes the sand response more coaxial with the applied load, while the structural constraint induced by the sample ends leads to more inhomogeneous deformation within the sand sample when the initial fabric is non-coaxial with the applied stress. In the case of smooth boundary condition, structural constraint dominates over the fabric evolution and leads to the formation of a single shear band. When the boundary condition is rough, the structural constraint may play a comparable role with fabric evolution, which leads to symmetric cross-shape shear bands. If the fabric is prohibited from evolving in the latter case, a cross-shape shear band pattern is found with the one initiated first by the structural constraint dominant over the second one. 1 Introduction