Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Efficacy of First Year University Physics Students: Do Gender and Prior Formal Instruction in Physics Matter?

Self-efficacy represents a person’s belief that he or she can perform a particular task. It has been found to correlate with academic achievement and people’s choice of subjects and career. While relatively widely studied, self-efficacy has not received much attention in tertiary physics. Therefore, we adapted and validated a short Physics Self-Efficacy Questionnaire before administering it four times in one year to the first-year physics cohort at *Institution* (N between 122 and 281). Investigating whether gender and prior formal physics instruction mattered to students’ physics self-efficacy, we found that both showed a significant effect. Females consistently reported lower self-efficacy than males, and males with no prior formal physics instruction showed the highest self-efficacy of any subgroup, suggesting a ‘male overconfidence syndrome’. Investigating correlations between students’ physics self-efficacy and end-of-semester physics examination scores, these only seemed to develop after a relatively long time of physics study (of the order of a year or more); females developed such a correlation faster than males. Our findings conclude that gender and prior formal instruction in physics do matter when studying physics self-efficacy, which may have important consequences both for the study of self-efficacy itself, and for the way tertiary physics is taught.
Commercializing inventions from public research: Does speed matter?

This study addresses the determinants of time-to-licensing, defined as the elapsed time between the disclosure of an invention and the signed licensing contract, and its impact on the commercial success of the licensed inventions from public research. Using a dataset containing detailed information on the licensing activities of the Max Planck Society, I do not find significant evidence that time-to-licensing negatively influences the commercial success of the inventions disclosed between 1980 and 2004. However, separating the effect of the time-to-licensing for the inventions disclosed between 1990 and 2004, I do find a significant negative influence on the likelihood and extent of the commercial success. Thus, the pace of technology transfer has become important because of the rapidly changing business environment and technological obsolescence. Furthermore, inventions from the biomedical section, collaborative inventions with private-sector firms, and inventions that are co-invented with senior scientists require less time to become licensed.
Effects of Fat Supplementation and Chop Length on Milk Composition and Ruminal Fermentation of Cows Fed Diets Containing Alfalfa Silage

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fat supplementation for enhancing milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in early lactation without affecting ruminal fermentation. 24 Holstein dairy cows were assigned to a completely randomized design employing a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Factors were particle size (15 and 25 mm) and two different sources of alfalfa supplemented with and without fat (alfalfa hay; alfalfa hay plus 3% fat; alfalfa silage and alfalfa silage plus 3% fat). The results indicated that fat supplementation had no effect on body condition score, milk yield, feeding behaviour and C18 fatty acids profile of milk. Alfalfa silage with fat increased significantly the amount of C18:1and C18:2 in rumen and milk compared to alfalfa hay with fat. Particle size had no effect on milk yield, C18 fatty acids of milk, ruminal NH3-N and butyrate in the rumen. Dry matter intake, milk fat and acetic acid declined with fat supplementation. Dietary alfalfa silage had significant effect on dry matter intake, milk fat, ruminating time and rumen fermentation. Feeding behaviour decreased with reducing particle size. Results revealed that alfalfa silage with fat increased milk yield enhanced CLA in milk improved blood and ruminal metabolite and maintained higher body weight in Holstein dairy cows.
Anemia in the Elderly - Therapeutic Potentials of an Ayurvedic Formulation

Anemia is not a normal manifestation of aging. Failure to evaluate anemia in aged population as well as untreated geriatric anemia may result in increased morbidity and mortality including decreased bodily functions. A proper management of anemia has shown to improve several adverse future consequences among the elderly. Iron replacement therapy is restricted due to severe risk profile particularly in reference to aging population. Aged individuals showing evidence of iron deficiency anemia completed a three months placebo controlled trial conjugated with an Ayurvedic formulation containing hydro-alcoholic extract of Hippophae rhamnoides (Amlavetas) and Aloevera (Ghritkumari) in effective doses and were evaluated on various clinical symptomatology including certain bio-chemical estimations like Hb, RBC, serum protein, serum iron, serum ferritin, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-a) including CRP. The test drug supported in improving clinical complaints and increased the Hb, RBC, serum total protein, iron and ferritin levels. Further, decrease in inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-a including CRP following test drug treatment which are known to enhance with advancing age and contribute in the onset of anemia, was in favour of improving the anemia and anemia associated adverse consequences among the aged people. There was no adverse reaction during the trial period.
An ultrastructural study of early germ cells in Mugil (Liza) auratus Risso, 1810 (Teleostei : Mugilidae)

M. labrosus and M. ramada by Leray (1968), Thong (1969) and Cassifour (1975). However, cellular characteristics were not sufficiently well defined at this level, and these data did not describe primordial germ cells or make any distinction between oogonia and spermatogonia. Early germ cells were studied by electron microscopy chiefly on freshwater species such as Oryzias (Hogan, 1973 ; Satoh, 1974 ; Grier, 1976), Poecilia (Grier, 1975), Carassius (Kanobdee, 1975 ; Remacle et al., 1977), Brachydanio (Baumeister, 1976), Salmo (Upadhyay, 1977). Investigations on marine species are rather scarce (Squalus : Holstein, 1969 ; Spicara : Carrillo and Zanuy, 1977 ; Scyliorhinus : Dobson and Dodd, 1977) and provide neither information concerning primordial germ cells nor comparison between oogonia and spermatogonia. It thus seemed of interest to use electron microscopy to define the cytological characteristics of early germ cells in the juvenile and the yound golden-grey mullet Mugil (Liza) auratus. ’
Naming of Objects and Actions after Treatment with Phonological Components Analysis in Aphasia

Aphasia induced by neurological injury or disease such as stroke or traumatic brain injury prevents people from conveying wishes and needs and from participating in everyday communication. Anomia, or word retrieval difficulties, is a persistent symptom in essentially all types of aphasia [1]. The ability to name, for example, objects and actions varies between individuals and may be affected to different degrees depending on location of the brain damage [2-4] as well as by linguistic factors and the frequency of occurrence of the words to be produced [5]. The targets of anomia treatment may vary, but they often concern either the semantic content or the sound structure of the lexeme of the words [6]. Typically, nouns are Objectives: To explore the effects of intensive treatment with phonological components analysis on naming of both objects and actions.
High-performance HR practices, positive affect and employee outcomes

The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the affective or emotional mechanisms that underlie the relationship between high-performance HR practices (HPHRP) and employee attitudes and behaviours. Drawing on affective events theory, this paper examines a mediation model in which HPHRP influence positive affect which in turn affects job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). ,Two-wave data were collected from a sample of local government workers in Wales (n=362). HPHRP were measured together with job satisfaction and OCBs at Time 1 and six months later, job satisfaction and OCBs were measured again together with positive affect. Structural equation modeling was used to test the study hypotheses. ,The results revealed that HPHRP induced positive affect which, in turn, led to increased job satisfaction and OCBs. Furthermore, positive affect fully mediated the relationships between HPHRP and both job satisfaction and OCBs. ,All data were collected from public sector employees in the Government of Wales, which makes the generalizability of the findings unknown. More work is needed using different samples to determine whether the study results are replicable. ,Managers should endeavour to ensure that enough resources are assigned to the implementation of HPHRP and other work features that help evoke affective reactions, as these reactions are an important determinant of employees’ attitudes and behaviours. ,This is one of the first studies to empirically examine the mediating role of positive affect on the relationship between HPHRP and employee attitudes and behaviours.
A No‐Arbitrage Fractional Cointegration Model for Futures and Spot Daily Ranges

The no-arbitrage relation between futures and spot prices implies an analogous relation between futures and spot daily ranges. The long-memory features of the range-based volatility estimators are analyzed, and fractional cointegration is tested in a semi-parametric framework. In particular, the no-arbitrage condition is used to derive a long-run relationship between volatility measures and to justify the use of a fractional vector error correction model (FVECM) to study their dynamic relationship. The out-of-sample forecasting superiority of FVECM, with respect to alternative models, is documented. The results highlight the importance of incorporating the long-run equilibrium in volatilities to obtain better forecasts, given the information content in the volatility of futures prices. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 33:77–102, 2013
Collective Narcissism Predicts Hypersensitivity to In–group Insult and Direct and Indirect Retaliatory Intergroup Hostility

Results of five studies (N = 1596) linked collective narcissism—a belief in in–group exaggerated greatness contingent on external validation—to direct and indirect, retaliatory hostility in response to situations that collective narcissists perceived as insulting to the in–group but which fell well beyond the definition of an insult. In Turkey, collective narcissists responded with schadenfreude to the European economic crisis after feeling humiliated by the Turkish wait to be admitted to the European Union (Study 1). In Portugal, they supported hostile actions towards Germans and rejoiced in the German economic crisis after perceiving Germany's position in the European Union as more important than the position of Portugal (Study 2). In Poland, they supported hostile actions towards the makers of a movie they found offensive to Poland (Studies 3 and 5) and responded with direct and indirect hostility towards a celebrity whose jokes about the Polish government they found offensive (Study 4). Comparisons with self–positivity and in–group positivity indices and predictors of intergroup hostility indicated that collective narcissism is the only systematic predictor of hypersensitivity to in–group insult followed by direct and indirect, retaliatory intergroup hostility. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology
Three‐dimensional geometry of concentric intrusive sheet swarms in the Geitafell and the Dyrfjöll volcanoes, eastern Iceland

Sheet intrusions (inclined sheets and dykes) in the deeply eroded volcanoes of Geitafell and Dyrfjöll, eastern Iceland, were studied at the surface to identify the location, depth, and size of their magmatic source(s). For this purpose, the measured orientations of inclined sheets were projected in three dimensions to produce models of sheet swarm geometries. For the Geitafell Volcano, the majority of sheets converge toward a common focal area with a diameter of at least 4 to 7 km, the location of which coincides with several gabbro bodies exposed at the surface. Assuming that these gabbros represent part of the magma chamber feeding the inclined sheets, a source depth of 2 to 4 km below the paleoland surface is derived. A second, younger swarm of steeply dipping sheets crosscuts this gabbro and members of the first swarm. The source of this second swarm is estimated to be located to the SE of the source of Swarm 1, below the present‐day level of exposure and deeper than the source of the first swarm. For the Dyrfjöll Volcano, we show that the sheets can be divided into seven different subsets, three of which can be interpreted as swarms. The most prominent swarm, the Njardvik Sheet Swarm, converges toward a several kilometers wide area in the Njardvik Valley at a depth of 1.5 to 4 km below the paleoland surface. Two additional magmatic sources are postulated to be located to the northeast and southwest of the main source. Crosscutting relationships indicate contemporaneous, as well as successive activity of different magma chambers, but without a resolvable spatial trend. The Dyrfjöll Volcano is thus part of a complex volcanic cluster that extends far beyond the study area and can serve as fossil analog for nested volcanoes such as Askja, whereas in Geitafell, the sheet swarms seem to have originated from a single focus at one time, thus defining a single central volcanic complex, such as Krafla Volcano.
A NEW GEOGRAPHIC FORM OF THE SPINNER DOLPHIN, STENELLA LONGIROSTRIS, DETECTED WITH AERIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Analyses of skeletal and external morphology of spinner dolphins killed in to the yellowfin tuna purse-seine fishery in the eastern tropical Pacific led to the description of two subspecies of spinners from this region, the eastern spinnen dolphin and the Central American spinner dolphin (Perrin 1990). However, when we examined lengths of spinner dolphins taken from vertical aerial photographs from the same area, we found three unique morphotypes. Two of these forms correspond, at least in average length and distribution, to the existing subspecies. The third form is intermediate in length between the two recognized subspecies and is found along the edge of the continental shelf north of Cabo Corrientes, Mexico. We provisionally call this form the “Tres Marias spinner dolphin. ” Our results demonstrate the value of a mix of fishery and fishery-independent data in studies of stock structure of impacted species.
Perspectives on functional and hyperkinetic movement disorders

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Persistence of Biological Activity and Leaching Potential of Herbicides Aminocyclopyrachlor and Indaziflam in Soils with Different Textures1

Herbicides aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam are under development in Brazil. Information about the behaviors in Brazilian soils and climate is scarce. Thus, the present work has aimed to evaluate the persistence of biological activity and leaching potential of aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam in contrasting textured soils by means of bioassays. For the evaluation of persistence, four experiments were performed, in which soils with different textures were studied in different time periods between herbicide application and bioindicator sowing (beet and soybeans). To determine leaching potential, three blades of rainfall (0, 30 and 60 mm) were simulated, each constituting a single experiment in soils with different textures and five bands of depth in the columns. The bioindicator used for the leaching tests was beet. The persistence of biological activity of aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam was greater than 150 days. In clayey soil there was less persistent aminocyclopyrachlor than in the loam texture. For indaziflam there was no difference in persistence between the two soils. Regarding the leaching potential, it was observed that the precipitations have the capacity to interfere with the leaching of herbicides aminocyclopyrachlor and indaziflam. Aminocyclopyrachlor has greater potential for leaching than indaziflam. The first one has its mobility increased when applied to soil of loam texture in relation to very clayey soil. As for indaziflam, marked differences between soils with different textures have not been noticed.
Perceptions about the usefulness of online social networks in the workplace

The use of online social networks in the workplace environment has grown exponentially. Based on social exchange theory, the goal of this research is to identify possible associations between job satisfaction and motivation, perceived organizational support and the perception of employees regarding the use of social networks in the working environment. We used a survey that was applied to 294 employees for manufacturing companies located in the northwest borderline between Mexico and the United States. The findings suggest that the use of online social networks in the workplace has a positive effect regarding job satisfaction becoming useful for the organization.
Effect of Using the Electronic Mind Map in the Educational Research Methodology Course for Master-Degree Students in the Faculty of Education

—The objective of this article is to study results of using the electronic mind map for the teaching and learning in educational research methodology course of Master’s degree students in the Faculty of Education, Ramkhamhaeng University, Thailand by using quantitative and qualitative study. Study samples include one class of master degree students. Research tools are comprised of an attitude assessment – pre-study and post-study – form, a questionnaire, and an interview form. Analysis of quantitative data was performed by using fundamental statistics, the t – test (dependent) and the t – test (independent) while qualitative data was analyzed by using the content analysis technique. Results of quantitative study showed that the Free Mind program is the software mostly used by students to create mind map. After the electronic mind map was used, it was found that the students’ post-study attitudes towards the research study subject are higher than their pre-study attitudes, at 0.05 level of statistical significance. In addition, the students considered that application of mind map is useful at the highest level. Meanwhile, results of qualitative study indicated that students had perceived usefulness of applying mind map into the research learning session. However, the teachers’ own teaching and knowledge transfer techniques are still considered as an important part that improves students’ knowledge and creates students’ positive attitudes towards research.
Driver experience and acceptance of driver support systems: a case of speed adaptation

Substantial research and development efforts are being made to add driver support systems to the arsenal of traffic safety measures. Obviously, the system cannot reduce fatalities and trauma until it is actually used. Hence, drivers’ experiences and acceptance of the system are of paramount importance. A driver support system (ISA) has been investigated by means of real life trials in Sweden, Hungary and Spain, and the results show that the incentive for drivers to use an ISA system might be the money and embarrassment saved by avoiding speeding tickets, rather than increased traffic safety. Further, to assess the ‘final’, long-term experiences of the system, a longer period than one month of usage is necessary. This thesis conducts a literature review to systematically investigate how acceptance has been defined and how it has been measured within the driver support area. A new definition of acceptance is proposed: “the degree to which an individual intends to use a system and, when available, to incorporate the system in his/her driving”. Additionally, it explores whether the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT), which was originally developed for information technology, may be used as an acceptance model for driver support systems. A pilot test supported to some extent the use of the model. The model constructs ‘performance expectancy’ and ‘social influence’ affect drivers’ intention to use the system. (Less)
FRACTIONAL BROWNIAN MOTION WITH HURST INDEX H=0 AND THE GAUSSIAN UNITARY ENSEMBLE

The goal of this paper is to establish a relation between characteristic polynomials of N×N GUE random matrices H as N→∞, and Gaussian processes with logarithmic correlations. We introduce a regularized version of fractional Brownian motion with zero Hurst index, which is a Gaussian process with stationary increments and logarithmic increment structure. Then we prove that this process appears as a limit of D_N(z)=−log|det(H−zI)| on mesoscopic scales as N→∞. By employing a Fourier integral representation, we use this to prove a continuous analogue of a result by Diaconis and Shahshahani [J. Appl. Probab. 31A (1994) 49–62]. On the macroscopic scale, D_N(x) gives rise to yet another type of Gaussian process with logarithmic correlations. We give an explicit construction of the latter in terms of a Chebyshev–Fourier random series.
Non-timber forest products : contribution to national economy and strategies for sustainable management

Citation for published version (APA): Ingram, V. , Ndoye, O. , Iponga, D. M. , Tieguhong, J. C. , & Nasi, R. (2012). Non-timber forest products: contribution to national economy and strategies for sustainable management. In C. de Wasseige, P. de Marcken, N. Bayol, F. Hiol Hiol, P. Mayaux, B. Desclée, R. Nasi, A. Billand, P. Defourny, . R. Eba’a Atyi (Eds.), The forests of the Congo Basin: state of the forest 2010 (pp. 137-154). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. DOI: 10.2788/47210
Chemical constituents and new xanthone derivatives from Mesua ferrea and Mesua congestiflora

The phytochemical study on the root bark of Mesua ferrea and the roots of Mesua congestiflora resulted in the isolation and identification of nine compounds. Seven xanthones isolated from the root bark of Mesua ferrea were mesuaferrin A (1), mesuaferrin B (2), mesuaferrin C (3), caloxanthone C (4), macluraxanthone (5), 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (6) and tovopyrifolin C (7). Meanwhile, Mesua congestiflora afforded one benzophenone, congestiflorone (8) together with a xanthone a-mangostin (9). The structural modification reactions were also carried out to obtain two new compounds which are caloxanthone C diacetate (10) and congestiflorone acetate (11). The characterizations of these compounds were achieved through a variety of spectroscopic techniques such as 1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR and GC-MS. Keyword: Acetate; Benzophenone; Mesua congestiflora; Mesua ferrea; Xanthone.