Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PLAQUE REMOVAL EFFECTIVENESS OFTOOTHBRUSH AND ITS MODIFICATIONS IN INTELLECTUALLY DISABLEDCHILDREN.

Background: Disability is an umbrella term that includes a problem in the body single-valued function or structure. Disabled children reveal a high prevalence of gingivitis and also show non- compliance towards brushing. Hence, the present study aimed to clinically evaluate and compare the mechanical plaque removal efficacy of Toothbrush Attached to Hand by Rubber Band, Toothbrush with a Bicycle Grip as a handle, Toothbrush with attached small bells and Normal toothbrush in the reduction of established plaque and gingivitis. Materials and methods: Out of 175 intellectually disabled children, 100 children meeting inclusion criteria were selected and randomly assigned to 4 equal groups and the toothbrushes were distributed for use according to the aforementioned brush modifications. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Patient Hygiene Performance Index were recorded at baseline, 30th day, 60th day, and 90th day. The efficacy of each toothbrush type was assessed by intergroup comparison. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA test. Results: Both Toothbrush with a Bicycle Grip as a handle and Toothbrush with attached small bells demonstrated superior results with statistical significance. Conclusion: Modifications in toothbrush like Bicycle Grip and toothbrush attached small bells can play an important role in creating interest among children to improve oral hygiene. These modifications are not only economical but can easily be advocated for children who are intellectually challenged. Keywords: Bicycle grip, oral hygiene, plaque removal, small bells,special child.
IDENTIFYING BOTTLENECKS FOR APPROPRIATE INFANT FEEDING IN URBAN SLUMS, ALIGARH CITY.

Introduction: Urban population is increasing rapidly. Majority of these families are poor or landless farmers and labourers, who settle down in peri-urban areas, creating slums. Urban slums are thus growing at an alarming rate. The present study was carried out with the general objective of identifying factors which prevent access to health services. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in infants and young children. 2. To determine presence of certain micro-environmental and socioeconomic factors associated with poor nutritional status of infants and children. Methodology: Baseline study was carried out in Oct –Nov 2009 (as a part of another ongoing study) and data was collected in 110 Mothers who had delivered children during the last one month. In Oct 2010 these families were visited again the infants were followed up. 39 families had shifted to another location or emigrated back to their parent state or village mostly in search of seasonal employment as reported by neighbours. One family refused to cooperate. Two infants had died. Remaining 68 Mothers were interviewed in friendly informal manner after taking consent for study. Results: (35.4%) study subjects had migrated to other areas, as reported by neighbours. Of the 68 mothers interviewed during follow up visit, previous baseline record showed that a majority were 20-30 years of age. , only 2 mothers (2.9%) had exclusively breastfed for 6 months. 46 (67.6%) said they had not been contacted by any health worker during the last 3 months. All 68 children were malnourished. Immunization status was poor and 94.1% children had suffered from some illness in the last one month. Conclusion: Migration is a problem which makes it difficult for providers to give continuity of care. Capacity building of the community can reduce the the bottlenecks leading to marginalization and exclusion of slum mothers from the mainstream urban health services.
“ Leverage ” – An Analysis and Its Impact On Profitability With Reference To Selected Oil And Gas Companies

The purpose of this research is to study and understand the effect of leverage on the profitability of the oil and gas sector. It shows the relationship between leverage (Financial, operating and combined) and Earning per Share (EPS) of this sector. It analyses how earning capacity of this sector is affected by operating costs and fixed financial charges. It also shows the relationship between the Debt equity ratio and Earning per Share (EPS) and how this sector does debt financing efficiently. In this paper, oil and gas companies are selected for analysis and hypotheses are examined with the balanced panel using descriptive statistics, correlation and estimate equation.
Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemaların Değerlendirilmesi: Young Şema Ölçeği Kısa Form-3'ün Psikometrik

Amaç: Şemaların bağlanma figürleriyle erken dönem yaşantılar sonucunda geliştiği varsayılmaktadır. Bu kuramsal çerçeveden hareketle, Young ve arkadaşları (1991; 2003) erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların değerlendirilmesine yönelik değerlendirme araçları geliştirmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, Young Şema Ölçeği-Kısa Form 3 (YŞÖ-KF3)’ün, Türk üniversite örneklemindeki güvenirlik ve geçerliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Generating High Spatio-Temporal Resolution Fractional Vegetation Cover by Fusing GF-1 WFV and MODIS Data

As an important indicator to characterize the surface vegetation, fractional vegetation cover (FVC) with high spatio-temporal resolution is essential for earth surface process simulation. However, due to technical limitations and the influence of weather, it is difficult to generate temporally continuous FVC with high spatio-temporal resolution based on a single remote-sensing data source. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of generating high spatio-temporal resolution FVC based on the fusion of GaoFen-1 Wide Field View (GF-1 WFV) data and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Two fusion strategies were employed to identify a suitable fusion method: (i) fusing reflectance data from GF-1 WFV and MODIS firstly and then estimating FVC from the reflectance fusion result (strategy FC, Fusion_then_FVC). (ii) fusing the FVC estimated from GF-1 WFV and MODIS reflectance data directly (strategy CF, FVC_then_Fusion). The FVC generated using strategies FC and CF were evaluated based on FVC estimated from the real GF-1 WFV data and the field survey FVC, respectively. The results indicated that strategy CF achieved higher accuracies with less computational cost than those of strategy FC both in the comparisons with FVC estimated from the real GF-1 WFV (CF:R2 = 0.9580, RMSE = 0.0576; FC: R2 = 0.9345, RMSE = 0.0719) and the field survey FVC data (CF: R2 = 0.8138, RMSE = 0.0985; FC: R2 = 0.7173, RMSE = 0.1214). Strategy CF preserved spatial details more accurately than strategy FC and had a lower probability of generating abnormal values. It could be concluded that fusing GF-1 WFV and MODIS data for generating high spatio-temporal resolution FVC with good quality was feasible, and strategy CF was more suitable for generating FVC given its advantages in estimation accuracy and computational efficiency.
Restorative Environments in Later Life

Abstract This study proposes an analysis of restorative experiences of 192 elderly persons living in Rome. Perceived restorativeness of natural and built environments was examined, considering the influence of the social context of restoration and the activities performed in the environment. Restorativeness emerges as a consequence of complex person-environment transactions, in which place-specific processes occur. Moreover, a different influence of social interaction in natural and built environments was clearly identified; conversely, activities performed in the environment did not show a significant effect on perceived restorativeness. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
A note on “A new heuristic for one warehouse and N retailers problem” by Ercan Senyigit and Hakan Akkan in Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , 62, p. 656 – 660, 2012

The difference is considerable and clearly not just a typo. Therefore, we believe that the authors have not well implemented either the heuristic developed by Abdul-Jalbar et al. (2010) neither the Roundy’s (1985) method. The serious thing is that the authors use the method of AbdulJalbar et al. (2010) to compare with their suggested method, and conclude that their method is better. However, if Abdul-Jalbar et al.’s (2010) heuristic is not well implemented the computational results are wrong and the study is not reliable.
An Updated Taxonomic Account of Limnetic Crustacean Zooplankton in Lake Taal , Philippines

Limnetic crustacean zooplankton are the preferred prey of the economically important and endemic zooplanktivore Sardinella tawilis (Clupeidae) of Lake Taal. In this paper, we update the species composition, morphology and distribution of limnetic crustacean zooplankton in Lake Taal based on samples collected from 2008 through 2010. A total of nine species belonging to Copepoda (3 spp.) and Cladocera (6 spp.) have been documented including Arctodiaptomus dorsalis, a Neotropical species and Pseudodiaptomus brehmi, which was previously thought to be restricted to Lake Naujan, Mindoro Is. Information on these relatively understudied taxa is an important contribution to the on-going re-assessment of Lake Taal biodiversity in the light of aquaculture and eutrophication impacts, as well as the presence of introduced species.
Issues in Information Asymmetries and Financial Markets : A Review of Literature

Financial markets are found world widely, and range from being small with limited participants to those that are large, trading in trillions daily. Hence, this study examined a nexus between financial markets activities and information asymmetries. The paper specifically looked at financial markets and their economic functions, financial intermediation role of financial markets and their relevance in an economy, financial markets and information asymmetries where it was explained that information asymmetry in the stock market occurs when one or more investors posses private information about the firm’s value while other investors are uninformed. The study reviewed the efficient market hypothesis and the random walk model. The study gave credence to lots of empirical evidences on the efficiency of financial markets both locally and internationally. The study concluded that the availability of information in the financial markets plays an important role for the participants to make optimal decisions on the choice of securities in the markets. Finally, the study recommended that there should always be an increased level of public enlightenment on the activities of the capital markets and the level at which the regulations for policing and enforcement of disciplinary actions against all forms of market manipulation should be intensified.
Relationship Between Test Performance of Students with Learning Disabilities and the Poverty Levels of Their Schools

The purpose of this causal-comparative study was to explore the relationship between the achievement of students with learning disabilities (LD) and the socioeconomic make-up of their schools. The research was guided by the following question: Does a relationship exist between the academic performance of students with LD and the socioeconomic distribution of students (a) at their schools and (b) in their district? The data analyzed were from two urban school districts in the same Southeastern state. The dependent variable was the passing rate (as defined by a proficient score of level III or higher) on EOG tests for students with LD, using the database found at http://report.ncsu. edu/ncpublicschools/. The independent variables were (a) poverty levels of schools in each district studied and (b) student assignment practices for all students at two large districts, labeled Distributed District and Neighborhood District for the purposes of this research. At the district level, the difference between the average passing rate of students with LD in grades three through eight in the two districts was 9.95% (p=0.001) in math and 8.95% (p=0.0003) in reading, with higher performance in both subjects from the Distributed District which had fewer high-poverty schools as a result of their student assignment plan. At the school level in the Distributed District, the difference between the performance of the group of students with LD in high-poverty schools and low-poverty school was 18.90% in reading (p=0.0005) and 7.37% in math (p=0.36, which is the one finding that was not statistically significant). For the Neighborhood District, the difference between high-poverty and low-poverty schools was 24.10% for reading (p=0.001) and 34.37% for math (p=0.005). In each case, students with LD in the low-poverty schools outperformed their peers at higher poverty schools. As a causal-comparative study that did not control for all possible variables, the scope of these findings is limited. However, due to the lack of current research comparing the performance of students with LD and the poverty levels at their schools, these findings do indicate a need for additional research in this area. The results also can be used to help teachers understand the challenges that may face their students with LD in high-poverty schools.
STUDY OF ACUTE TOXICITY OF INORGANIC FERTILIZER NPK ( 15 : 15 : 15 ) ON CAT FISH , HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS

Acute toxicity of commonly used inorganic fertilizer NPK (15:15:15) to cat fish (Heteropnuestes fossilis) was evaluated under semistatic conditions using behavioural, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Two different sub-lethal doses of NPK (0.075 g/l as low dose and 0.1 g/l as high dose) were taken with respect to control for the present study. Fish has shown increased surface activity and ventilation rate in response to both doses of NPK. In biochemical studies, the levels of muscle protein, lipid and glycogen as well as liver lipid content was observed to decrease with increase in dose of NPK. On the other hand, serum glucose and cholesterol were found to be increasing with increase in dose of NPK. The levels of stress signalling molecule like nitric oxide increased with increase of dose of toxicant to fish. The level of electrolytes has shown biphasic response with significant increase in Ca and radical decrease of K at low dose however, at high dose such intense fluctuation were not observed. In histopathological study, the experimental air breathing organ showed proliferating mucous cells, sloughing of vascular epithelium, disorganization of respiratory material and dilation of blood capillary. Hyperplasia of mucous cell and sloughing of club cells in skin was reported for low dose exposure. Liver histology exhibited nuclear pycnosis, necrosis, narrowing of sinusoids and fatty degeneration around hepatic cord. In gills, hyperplasia of mucous cells, excessive mucous secretion and exfoliation of epithelial cells in the lining of secondary lamellae was observed at both low and high dose. Kidney histology exhibited epithelial cell shrinkage of renal tubules at both low dose & high dose of NPK. Present study provides a detailed insight of the perturbation of cellular responses in fishes to exogenous NPK fertilizer. It further provides an understanding of the impact of employing chemical fertilizers on aquatic fauna.
Cross-level relationship of implemented high performance work system and employee service outcomes: The mediating role of affective commitment

This study examines cross-level relationship between implemented high performance work system (HPWS) and employee service related behaviors along with the mediating effects of employees’ affective commitment between this relationship. Although, research studies have confirmed the positive linkage between high performance work system (HPWS) and firm performance. Previous studies were criticized for being management-centric with insights mostly from manufacturing and Western context. Using multilevel approach, this research examines the relationship of bank branch managers' implemented HPWS with (i) employees’ service performance and their (ii) service oriented organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with a particular focus on studying affective commitment as a mediator. For the purpose of this study, data from branch managers of 323 bank branches operating in Punjab, Pakistan and their 1369 front line employees were used. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was applied to test crosslevel hypotheses of this study. Study results revealed that implemented HPWS was significantly related with employees’ service performance and their service related discretionary behavior. Further, affective commitment partially mediated both the direct relationships between implemented HPWS and employees’ service related behaviors. Empirical findings of this study implied that effectively implemented HPWS by branch managers has the potential to influence affective commitment level of front line employees which further influence their customers service related behaviors. This study contributes by highlighting the potential influence of branch managers’ implemented HPWS on service related behaviors of employees.
The effect of snow on space use of an alpine ungulate : recently fallen snow tells more than cumulative snow depth

Snow is one of the most limiting environmental factors for large wildlife of temperate and arctic zones during winter. Snow depth may limit space use, increase energy expenditure related to movement, limit resource availability, and ultimately affect individual survival. Most of the studies on the effect of snow on animal space use have used cumulative snow depth. The amount of recently fallen snow, however, could be more relevant for wildlife, especially in alpine and northern environments, where wind shifts and hardens the snow cover constantly. From 2011 to 2013, we studied space use of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus (Blainville, 1816)) within Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. During winter, daily and weekly movements decreased with the amount of recently fallen snow, but not with cumulative snow depth. These results indicate that recently fallen snow should be included in wildlife space-use studies during winter. Limited movement and range size of mountain goats also highlight the energy-saving tactic used in winter by this species.
An Empirical Study of Network-Oriented Behaviors

This study is concerned with the extent to which network-oriented behaviors directly and/or indirectly affect firm performance. We posit that a firm’s interactive behaviors in relation to an embedded network structure are key mechanisms that facilitate the development of important organizational capabilities in dealing with business partners. Such network-oriented behaviors, which are aimed at affecting the position of a company in the network, are consequently important drivers of firm performance, rather than the network structure alone. We develop a conceptual model that captures network-oriented behaviors as a driving force of firm performance in relation to three other key organizational behaviors, i.e. customer-oriented, competitor-oriented and relationship-oriented behaviors. We test the hypothesized model using a data set of 354 responses collected via an on-line questionnaire from UK managers, whose organizations operate in business-to-business markets in either manufacturing or services sectors. Based on the research results all the hypothesized relationships are supported, except the moderation effect of technological turbulence on the relationship of network-oriented behaviors and relationship portfolio effectiveness. The research results indicate that a firm’s network-oriented behaviors positively impact on the development of customer-oriented and competitor-oriented behaviors. They also foster relationship coordination with its important business partners within the network. In addition, the effective management of the firm’s portfolio of relationships is found to mediate the positive impact of network-oriented behaviors on firm profitability.
Perioperative Outcomes of Treatment Options Questionnaire Study , Correlation With a National Sample , Management of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis : Analysis of a

Background: Surgical treatment for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis has been shown to provide better longterm outcomes than conservative treatment. However, there is variation in surgical approaches employed by surgeons. This study investigates current surgical practice patterns and compares perioperative outcomes of 3 common surgical treatments for this pathology. Methods: A survey was administered to surgeons who attended the Lumbar Spine Research Society (LSRS) meeting in 2014. Data were extracted from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) from 2005 to 2014 to characterize the same responses. The 2 data sets were compared. Perioperative outcomes of those in the ACS-NSQIP posterior fusion subcohorts were characterized and compared. Results: Posterior surgical approaches utilized by surgeons who responded to the LSRS survey were similar to those captured by ACS-NSQIP where 72% of those with degenerative spondylolisthesis were fused. Of those that were fused, 8% had an uninstrumented posterior fusion, 33% had an instrumented posterior fusion, and 59% had an instrumented posterior fusion with interbody. On multivariate analysis, there was no difference in risk of postoperative adverse events, readmission, or length of stay between these 3 common types of fusion. Conclusions: Practice patterns for the posterior management of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis were similar between LSRS survey responses and ACS-NSQIP data. The ACS-NSQIP perioperative outcome measures assessed were similar regardless of surgical technique. These findings highlight that cost-benefit considerations and longer-term outcomes have to be the measures by which surgical technique is chosen for degenerative spondylolisthesis.
upwarD social comparison generaTes aTTenTional Focusing when The Dimension oF comparison is selF-ThreaTening

336 © 2013 Guilford Publications, Inc. This research is based on the doctoral dissertation presented at the University of Poitiers by the first author under the supervision of the second author. The research was supported by a grant from the Contrat Projet Etat Région (13e CPER programme 11). Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Alice Normand or Jean-Claude Croizet, both at CeRCA CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, 5 rue Théodore Lefebvre, Poitiers, 86000 France; E-mail: alice.normand@univ-poitiers.fr or jean-claude.croizet@univ-poitiers.fr. NORMAND AND CROIZET Social Comparison and Attention
The Utility of Electroencephalogram in Intensive Care Unit Patients at King Abdul-Aziz

EEG is a diagnostic tool that is commonly ordered in ICU, it is argued that EEG role is overestimated in critically ill patient, our study included 141 patients from ICU who had an EEG during their admission. The most common reason for ordering EEG is an unexplained impairment of consciousness. The majority of the patients EEG are reported as abnormal, and they represented about (90.8%) out of total patients, while the study showed that the most important specific EEG abnormality are diffuse slowing in 36.9%. However EEG neither helps in changing patient management nor it improves patients outcome.