Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Inside Ownership Matters in Financial Decisions and Firm Performance: Evidence from Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan

This study provides the evidence on the effect of managerial ownership on the firm’s performance and financial policies (debt and dividend) for 140 listed manufacturing firms of Pakistan. Firstly, effect of managerial ownership on dividend and leverage policies of the firm are investigated by simultaneous equation model. The results indicate that high level of managerial ownership decreases the tendency of firms to go for debt financing. Similarly in firms having high financial leverage probability to engage in managerial ownership programmes decreases. As managerial ownership increases the firm chose to distribute less to shareholders. These results support the predictions of agency theory which is of the view that managerial ownership results in the decrease in asymmetric information. Secondly, the impact of managerial ownership on the performance is examined. The study finds conclusive evidence that managerial ownership exerts positive and significant on performance only up to a moderate level. The relationship revolves around the cubic function of managerial ownership and firm performance by following convergence of interests (incentive alignment theory) and entrenchment theories. Thirdly, the response of managerial share ownership to the agency cost is considered and result indicate that managerial ownership is an important instrument to reduce agency cost in-case of manufacturing sector of Pakistan.
Critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos: Convergence of the derivative martingale

In this paper, we study Gaussian multiplicative chaos in the critical case. We show that the so-called derivative martingale, introduced in the context of branching Brownian motions and branching random walks, converges almost surely (in all dimensions) to a random measure with full support. We also show that the limiting measure has no atom. In connection with the derivative martingale, we write explicit conjectures about the glassy phase of log-correlated Gaussian potentials and the relation with the asymptotic expansion of the maximum of log-correlated Gaussian random variables.
On the extreme non‐Arens regularity of Banach algebras

As is well‐known, on an Arens regular Banach algebra all continuous functionals are weakly almost periodic. In this paper, we show that ℓ1 ‐bases which approximate upper and lower triangles of products of elements in the algebra produce large sets of functionals that are not weakly almost periodic. This leads to criteria for extreme non‐Arens regularity of Banach algebras in the sense of Granirer. We find in particular that bounded approximate identities (bai's) and bounded nets converging to invariance (TI‐nets) both fall into this approach, suggesting that this is indeed the main tool behind most known constructions of non‐Arens regular algebras.
A Review on Aerosol-Based Direct-Write and Its Applications for Microelectronics

Aerosol-based direct-write refers to the additive process of printing CAD/CAM features from an apparatus which creates a liquid or solid aerosol beam. Direct-write technologies are poised to become useful tools in the microelectronics industry for rapid prototyping of components such as interconnects, sensors, and thin film transistors (TFTs), with new applications for aerosol direct-write being rapidly conceived. This paper aims to review direct-write technologies, with an emphasis on aerosol-based systems. The different currently available state-of-the-art systems such as Aerosol Jet CAB-DW, MCS, and aerodynamic lenses are described. A review and analysis of the physics behind the fluid-particle interactions including Stokes and Saffman force, experimental observations, and how a full understanding of theory and experiments can lead to new technology are presented. Finally, the applications of aerosol direct-write for microelectronics are discussed.
Are mesoscale eddies in shelf seas formed by baroclinic instability of tidal fronts

[1] The formation of eddies along tidal fronts in the shelf seas is investigated through both the analysis of high-resolution conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) data and drifters for the North Sea as well as experiments with an eddy-permitting model. Baroclinic eddies are difficult to observe in the shelf seas due to their small size, and their surface signals are dampened by air-sea interaction and eroded by wind and tidal mixing. High-resolution CTD profiles reveal possible eddy signals along the thermocline where there are intrusions of waters of reduced salinity on the eddy scale. These freshwater intrusions carry low potential vorticity, indicating their origin from the surface mixed layer. An instability analysis of these frontal systems suggests that these eddy signals can be formed by baroclinic instability. Numerical model integrations reveal that mesoscale eddy variability along the thermocline increases in strength in late summer, in accord with the increase in stratification. The stability analysis of the modeled fronts and the scaling of the eddy kinetic energy to the available potential energy are also consistent with baroclinic instability theory. While influencing the eddy variability through the passage of synoptic weather systems, wind energy input is too small to explain the high values of eddy kinetic energy during late summer. These eddy circulations provide localized regions of high vorticity and high stirring, which are important for the transfer of tracers at middepth, such as potential vorticity, salinity, and nutrients.
RELATIONSHIP OF EXPOSURE TO PUBLIC AFFAIRS NEWS WITH COGNITIVE, ATTITUDINAL AND BEHAVIOURAL DIMENSIONS OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE AMONG MALAYSIAN YOUTHS

This study examined the relationship and contribution of exposure to public affairs news vis-a-vis the cognitive, and attitudinal components and the behavioural component of ethnic tolerance among Malaysian youths aged between 15 to 25 years. The survey data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 2,906 youths voluntarily participated in a survey. The results of regression analyses showed that when exposed to public affairs news, the cognitive and attitudinal components of ethnic tolerance were significant predictors and accounted for 16.5% of the variance in the behavioural component of ethnic tolerance. The cognitive component of ethnic tolerance was a better predictor, followed by the attitudinal component and exposure to public affairs news.
The origin and properties of massive prolate galaxies in the Illustris simulation

We study galaxy shapes in the Illustris cosmological hydrodynamic simulation. We find that massive galaxies have a higher probability of being prolate. For galaxies with stellar mass larger than $10^{11}\rm M_{\odot}$, 35 out of total 839 galaxies are prolate. For 21 galaxies with stellar mass larger than $10^{12}\rm M_{\odot}$, 9 are prolate, 4 are triaxial while the others are close to being oblate. There are almost no prolate galaxies with stellar mass smaller than $3\times10^{11}\rm M_{\odot}$. We check the merger history of the prolate galaxies, and find that they are formed by major dry mergers. All the prolate galaxies have at least one such merger, with most having mass ratios between $1:1$ and $1:3$. The gas fraction (gas mass to total baryon mass) of the progenitors is 0-3 percent for nearly all these mergers, except for one whose second progenitor contains $\sim 15\%$ gas mass, while its main progenitor still contains less than $5\%$. For the 35 massive prolate galaxies that we find, 18 of them have minor axis rotation, and their angular momenta mostly come from the spin angular momenta of the progenitors (usually that of the main progenitor). We analyse the merger orbits of these prolate galaxies and find that most of them experienced a nearly radial merger orbit. Oblate galaxies with major dry mergers can have either radial or circular merger orbits. We further discuss various properties of these prolate galaxies, such as spin parameter $\lambda_{\rm R}$, spherical anisotropy parameter $\beta$, dark matter fraction, as well as inner density slopes for the stellar, dark matter and total mass distributions.
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 10 A attenuates morphine-induced conditioned place preference

Background: Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 10A is selectively expressed in medium spiny neurons of the striatum. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key region that mediates drug reward and addiction-related behaviors. To investigate the potential role of PDE10A in the reinforcement properties of morphine, we tested the effect of MP-10, a selective inhibitor of PDE10A, on acquisition, expression, and extinction of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Results: The results show that 2.5 mg/kg MP-10, administered subcutaneously, significantly inhibited the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP. The same dose of MP-10 alone did not result in the CPP. Moreover, MP-10 did not alter the expression of morphine-induced CPP, but did accelerate the extinction of morphine-induced CPP. Additionally, chronic treatment with 2.5 mg/kg MP-10 decreased expression of phosphorylated CREB (pCREB), activated cAMP response element binding protein, in dorsomedial striatum, in shell of NAc, and in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as well as decreased expression of ΔFosB in the shell of NAc and ACC. Conclusion: The results suggest that inhibition of PDE10A may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of opioid addiction.
A simplified sand wave model

Based on the Swift-Hohenberg equation [1] an efficient method for predicting the behaviour of sand waves is constructed. The goal is to investigate whether random small disturbances in the initial conditions can account for spatial and temporal variations in sand waves. Existing models cannot be used to do calculations on the variations in space and time of sand waves, either because they are too complicated to use in actual calculations, or because they lack the necessary sophistication to describe what happens. The new method is used to show that random disturbances in the initial conditions can be a cause of the spatial and temporal variations.
TRANSGENERATIONAL EFFECT OF INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE Trogoderma granarium (EVERTS) (COLEOPTERA: DERMESTIDAE) UNDER DIFFERENT ABIOTIC FACTORS

The 9-20% post-harvest losses by stored grain pests were recorded worldwide (Phillips and Thorne, 2010). Insect pest causes alterations in the chemical structure of the products by destroying the quality and quantity of food commodities. Economy has been damaged by infestation of stored product insects. Among the insect pests of stored cereals, Khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Dermestidae: Coleoptera) is a serious insect pest of stored grains and their products (Jood et al., 1996; Burges, 2008; Ali et al., 2012.). In case of severe infestation, quality and quantity of grains reduced by feeding and contaminating with sheded skin. While hairs of larvae are responsible for bad effects on human health (Hosseininaveh et al., 2007; Ahmedani et al., 2009). Excessive use of conventional synthetic pesticide to protect stored cereals has resulted the development of insecticide resistant strains, handling hazards, insecticide residues on food, threat to human health and serious environmental issues (Bell, 2000; Benhalima et al., 2004; Desneux et al., 2007). There is a need to replace synthetic chemical insecticides with safe grain protectants. Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) are one of the best alternatives to conventional synthetic pesticides that are highly effective against pests of stored grain commodities because they have low mammalian toxicity, environmental and health hazard effects (Kostyukovsky et al., 2000; Mondal and Parveen, 2001; Ishaaya et al., 2007). IGRs affect metamorphosis and molting by simulating juvenile hormone) or interfering JH activity or by disturbing the cuticle formation (Oberlander et al., 1997). In contrast to traditional insecticides, IGRs are slightly toxic to higher animals. They inhibit the chitin synthesis of insects by causing abnormal endocuticular deposition and absorptive molting. IGRs are used to manage a wide range of insect species by interfering with their process of growth and development (Yu, 2008). Lufenuron (CSI) is a new synthetic insect growth regulator. It is highly effective for controlling lepidopteron and Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 55(4), 897-903; 2018 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/18.6077 http://www.pakjas. com.pk
8 TH CONFERENCE ON PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND MANAGEMENT CONTROL TITLE : PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS : DO THEY CONVEY ( SUSTAINABLE ) COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE ?

Performance management information systems (PMIS) have been a ‘hot topic’ for Chief Information Officers (CIOs) and Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) for close to a decade. PMIS range from low-functionality spreadsheet-based solutions through to high-functionality business intelligence solutions. As yet, this area has not yet received sufficient academic enquiry. Our research questions concern: what are PMIS functionalities, and whether and how do they contribute to competitive advantage? We conceptualize functionality as reflected by system usability and data multi-dimensionality. We examine functionalities of the two types of PMIS: performance planning systems (for budgeting and forecasting) and performance reporting systems (for reporting results information to management). We apply resource-based theory. We hypothesize mediation chains, in which the two PMIS functionality constructs link to competitive advantage, mediated by performance management capabilities and mediated by a resource-base of organizational culture. We use partial least squares path modelling using survey data collected from senior managers of 264 Australian firms. We find support for the hypotheses. We also unexpectedly find that the two types of PMIS functionality operate in sequential, rather than parallel, mediation. The findings have implications for CIOs, CFOs and other managers responsible for development of PMIS.
Oxygen ions at Titan's exobase in a Voyager 1–type interaction from a hybrid simulation

the conditions during the Voyager 1 flyby. Our model shows that the ionotail and the magnetotail bend in a direction opposite to the convection electric field. This is validated with the total force on the incident flow species derived from basic plasma equations. We also present a simulated impact map for the oxygen ions of the flow with total O + precipitation rate 1.3 � 10 24 s � 1 at Titan’s exobase. Although this rate indicates that the plasma conditions above the exobase do not inhibit O + precipitation on the exobase, the direction of the O + flow is shown to turn drastically near the exobase. The energy deposition of the medium-weight flow ions (such as O + ) thus seems to be orders of magnitude larger than the energy deposition by pickup ions formed near Titan. However, the lightweight flow ions (H + ) are effectively deflected by the magnetic barrier formed around Titan.
Optimization of CNOT circuits on topological superconducting processors

We focus on optimization of the depth/size of CNOT circuits under topological connectivity constraints. We prove that any $n$-qubit CNOT circuit can be paralleled to $O(n)$ depth with $n^2$ ancillas for $2$-dimensional grid structure. For the high dimensional grid topological structure in which every quibit connects to $2\log n$ other qubits, we achieves the asymptotically optimal depth $O(\log n)$ with only $n^2$ ancillas. We also consider the synthesis without ancillas. We propose an algorithm uses at most $2n^2$ CNOT gates for arbitrary connected graph, considerably better than previous works. Experiments also confirmed the performance of our algorithm. We also designed an algorithm for dense graph, which is asymptotically optimal for regular graph. All these results can be applied to stabilizer circuits.
The value of auditor assurance: Evidence from loan pricing

This paper provides empirical evidence on the economic value of services provided by independent auditors by analyzing whether auditor association leads to reduced interest rates on revolving credit agreements. Using multivariate regressions, we analyze the relation between interest rates on revolving bank loans to small, private firms and the degree of auditor association with the financial statements provided to the lender,
Fair premium rate of the deposit insurance system based on banks’ creditworthiness

Purpose Deposit insurance is a key element in modern banking, as it guarantees the financial safety of deposits at depository financial institutions. It is necessary to have at least a dual fair premium rate system based on creditworthiness of financial institutions, as considering singular premium system for all banks will have moral hazard. This paper aims to develop theoretical and empirical model for calculating dual fair premium rates. Design/methodology/approach The definition of a fair premium rate in this paper is a rate that covers the operational expenditures of the deposit insuring organization, provides it with sufficient funds to enable it to pay a certain percentage share of deposit amounts to depositors in case of bank default and provides it with sufficient funds as precautionary reserves. To identify and classify healthier and more stable banks, the authors use credit rating methods that use two major dimensional reduction techniques. For forecasting nonperforming loans (NPLs), the authors develop a model that can capture both macro shocks and idiosyncratic shocks to financial institutions in a vector error correction model. Findings The response of NPLs/loans to macro shocks and idiosyncratic innovations shows that using a model with macro variables only is insufficient, as it is possible that under favorable economic conditions, some banks show negative performance due to bank level reasons such as mismanagement or vice versa. The final results show that deposit insurance premium rate needs to be vary based on banks’ creditworthiness. Originality/value The results provide interesting insight for financial authorities to set fair deposit insurance premium rate. A high premium rate reduces the capital adequacy of individual financial institutions, which endangers the stability of the financial system; a low premium rate will reduce the security of the financial system.
PCA 3 long noncoding RNA modulates the expression of key cancer-related genes in LNCaP prostate cancer cells

Prostate cancerantigen3 (PCA3) is aprostate-specific long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) involved in the control of prostate cancer (PCa) cell survival, throughmodulating androgen receptor(AR)signaling.Tofurthercomprehendthemechanismsby which PCA3 modulates LNCaP cell survival, we characterized the expression patterns of several cancer-related genes, including those involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and AR cofactors in response to PCA3 silencing. We also aimed to developa strategy to stably silencePCA3.Small interferingRNA (siRNA)or shorthairpinRNA(shRNA)wasused toknockdown PCA3inLNCaPcells.Theexpressionof84cancer-relatedgenes, as well as those coding for AR cofactors and EMTmarkers, was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). LNCaPPCA3 silenced cells differentially expressed 16 of the 84 cancer genes tested, mainly those involved in gene expression control and cell signaling. PCA3 knockdown also induced the upregulationof several transcripts coding forARcofactors andmodulated the expression of EMT markers. LNCaP cells transduced with lentivirus vectors carrying an shRNA sequence targeting PCA3 stably downregulated PCA3 expression, causing a significant drop (60 %) in the proportion of LNCaP cells expressing the transgene. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that PCA3 silencing modulates the expression of key cancer-related genes, including those coding for AR cofactors and EMT markers. Transducing LNCaP cells with an shRNA sequence targeting PCA3 led to loss of viability of the cells, supporting the proposal ofPCA3knockdownasaputative therapeutic approach to inhibit PCa growth.
Taxation and the Household Saving Rate: Evidence from OECD Countries

This paper analyzes anew the relationship between taxation and the household saving rate. On the basis of standard savings and tax revenue data from a sample of OECD countries, it provides compelling empirical evidence of a powerful impact of taxes on household savings. In particular, income taxes are shown to affect negatively the household saving rate much more than consumption taxes.
Proposal to the ISOLDE and Neutron Time-of-Flight Committee Laser spectroscopic studies along the Al isotopic chain and the isomer-shift of the self-conjugate 26 Al nucleus January 11 , 2016

We propose to measure the isomer shift in the self-conjugate Al (N = Z = 13) nucleus along with the isotope shifts of 24−33Al using bunched-beam collinear laser spectroscopy at the COLLAPS beam line at ISOLDE. These isomer and isotope shifts allow the extraction of precise mean-square charge radii, in particular the difference in charge radius between the I = 5, T = 0 ground state and I = 0, T = 1 isomer in Al. This charge radius difference, in comparison with the odd-even staggering in the Al-chain, is an excellent probe to study proton-neutron pairing correlations, as was previously illustrated for 38 19K19 [1]. Furthermore, accurate knowledge of the mean-square charge radius in Al is essential to reliably calculate its isospin-symmetry breaking correction which is important to extract the CKM matrix element Vud from the 0 + → 0 superallowed β-decay data. Finally, the charge radii of the neutron-rich Al isotopes will probe the development of deformation at the border of the island of inversion. Requested shifts: 21 shifts (split into 2 runs over 1 year)
Rejoinder to Gu on "Estimating Capital Input for Measuring Business Sector Multifactor Productivity Growth in Canada"

This rejoinder responds to the comments of Wulong Gu (2012) on the article by Diewert and Yu (2012). The paper lays out the algebra behind the Diewert-Yu capital services methodology and the corresponding methodology used by the Statistics Canada Canadian Productivity Program. The large differences in the estimates can mainly be explained by different treatments of the expected capital gains term in user costs and the use of sectoral balancing rates of return versus economy-wide balancing rates of return.
A note on isometric immersions and differential equations which describe pseudospherical surfaces.

In this paper, we provide families of second order non-linear partial differential equations, describing pseudospherical surfaces (pss equations), with the property of having local isometric immersions in E^3, with principal curvatures depending on finite-order jets of solutions of the differential equation. These equations occupy a particularly special place amongst pss equations, since a series of recent papers [2, 7, 11, 12, 13], on several classes of pss equations, seemed to suggest that only the sine-Gordon equation had the above property. Explicit examples are given, which include the short pulse equation and some generalizations.