Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis reveals adaptive evolution of bat IFITMs and a novel antiviral determinant

Host interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are broad-spectrum antiviral restriction factors. Of these, IFITM3 potently inhibits viruses that enter cells through acidic endosomes, many of which are zoonotic and emerging viruses with bats (order Chiroptera) as natural hosts. We previously demonstrated that microbat IFITM3 is antiviral. Here we show that bat IFITMs are characterized by strong adaptive evolution and identify a highly variable and functionally important site - codon 70 - within the conserved CD225 domain of IFITMs. Mutation of this residue in microbat IFITM3 impairs restriction of four different virus families that enter cells via endosomes. This mutant shows altered subcellular localization and reduced S-palmitoylation, a phenotype copied by mutation of conserved cysteine residues in microbat IFITM3. Furthermore, we show that microbat IFITM3 is S-palmitoylated on cysteine residues C71, C72 and C105, mutation of each cysteine residue individually impairs virus restriction, and a triple C71-C72-C105 mutant loses all restriction, concomitant with subcellular re-localization of microbat IFITM3 to Golgi-associated sites. Thus, we propose that S-palmitoylation is critical for Chiropteran IFITM3 function and identify a key molecular determinant of IFITM3 S-palmitoylation.
Phylogeography of the highly dispersible landscape‐dominant woody species complex, Metrosideros, in Hawaii

Little is known about how diversification occurs within long‐lived, highly dispersible and continuously distributed groups. We examined the distribution of genetic variation within the woody genus Metrosideros across the Hawaiian Islands for insights into how diversification occurs within this animal‐pollinated, wind‐dispersed group. Among Hawaiian plants, Metrosideros is unique in its formation of continuous stands within islands that span a remarkable range of environments and comprise numerous predominantly single‐island taxa.
Mental illness as a contributor to intentional self inflicted suicidal burn injury

Self inflicted burn injuries are infrequent but very much distressing. It is a result of social, environmental and individual factors. Self-inflicted burns are usually an outcome of mental illness, and acute phase schizophrenia is considered as one of the major precipitating factor. The aim of this study was to find out and summarize the existing findings of different studies regarding mental illness as a contributor to suicide and/or intentional self inflicted injury. Literature review of some of previous studies from journals and databases were performed. Electronic database (Medline) was searched and twenty four studies were found to be related to the present objective. Among the 10 studies were randomly selected. The studies ranged from 1991-2005. The literature review suggested that quite a good number of incidents of self inflicted burns are committed by people having mental disorder. Among the self inflicted burns patient, the males were seen to be higher in number in most of the studies’ provided information. The range of the age was 14 to 90 years collectively. And among them a significant number of people are suffering from schizophrenia. Depression, substance abuse, personality disorder, psychosis were among the other mental health illness contributing to the incidence of self inflicting burns injury. Specific attention should be given in this aspect as for the vulnerable group depends heavily on their care givers. Since a number of inter-related risk factors may be involved, solving the problem from a new perspective-the safety promotion perspective should be initiated . DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i1. 12242 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (01): 49-57
Bioeconomic profitability analysis of tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) grow out using two commercial feeds

Tropical gar ( Atractosteus tropicus ) aquaculture is a potential economic activity in southeast Mexico. This study analyzed the economic profitability of tropical gar grow-out using two commercial feeds (Silver Cup ® and Super ® ). The last one was designed based on the digestive physiology of the species. The experiment was conducted in six concrete ponds of 4 m 3 (two treatments with three replicates) for 210 days; in each experimental unit 40 juveniles were stocked with an initial average weight and a total length of 104 ± 10 g and 27.7 ± 0.88 cm, respectively. At the end of the grow-out, there were statistics differences (P < 0.05) among treatments, where fish fed with Silver Cup ® obtained the highest final average weight and total length (450.29 ± 5.36 g and 41.7 ± 1.81 cm, respectively), compared with fish fed Super ® , which obtained a final average weight and total length of 415.05 ± 5.38 g and 41.4 ± 1.57 cm. Proximal analysis indicated a better protein content and fewer lipids in fish fed with Super®. The profitability analysis showed that fish fed with Silver Cup ® diet had the highest values, with a Net Present Value (NPV) = US$55,332.63, Cost/Benefit (C/B) = US$1.5 and Internal Return Rate (IRR) = 48.38%, while for fish fed with Super ® diet was NPV = US$50,852.28, C/B = US$1.49 and IRR = 47.03%. In conclusion, it is considered that both grow-out foods are profitable, although better nutritional value and less production cost are using Super ® diet.
Multidimensional Poverty in Indonesia: Trends, Interventions and Lesson Learned

Despite the Government of Indonesia’s commitment to address human security as stated in its ambitious medium-term development plan and the Millennium Development Goals, poverty in its multidimensionality remain a major issue in Indonesia as a significant proportion of the Indonesian population is still consumption poor. Whilst the number of the poor has been decreasing consistently since 2002, most of those escaping poverty are still vulnerable and just a small shock can send them quickly below the poverty line. Using the PPP $2/day poverty line as a vulnerability measure, the World Bank (2006) found that 45% of Indonesians remain vulnerable to poverty. Nonconsumption poverty is even more problematic which includes malnutrition, maternal health, and access to basic services. For example, a quarter of children below the age of five are malnourished, only about 72% of births are accompanied by skilled birth attendants, 45% of poor households have no access to sanitation, more than half have no access to safe water, and around 20% of children from these households do not continue to junior secondary school.
Creep behavior of concrete elements strengthened with NSM CFRP laminate strips under different environmental conditions

J. Sena-Cruz, P. Silva, P. Fernandes, M. Azenha, J. Barros, C. de Sousa, F. Castro, T. Teixeira ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, jsena@civil.uminho. pt ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, patricia.silva@civil.uminho. pt ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, pfernandes@civil.uminho. pt ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, miguel.azenha@civil.uminho. pt ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, barros@civil.uminho. pt ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, christoph@civil.uminho. pt CT2M, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, fcastro@dem.uminho. pt ISISE, Universisty of Minho, Azurem, Guimaraes, Portugal, tiago.teixeira@civil.uminho. pt
Water Deficit Tolerance of Some Pepper Inbred Lines

Water deficit is one of the main limiting factors affecting plant growth. Selection in water-limited environments can result in populations or species with improved response to drought. Water deficit decreases yield and quality, therefore, it is important to identify genotypes that are tolerant to deficit irrigation conditions. In this study, the water-deficit tolerance of 59 pepper-inbred lines was determined. Experiments were conducted in a growth chamber and under field conditions (Şanlıurfa) with a control (100% full-irrigation) and water-deficit treatment (50% irrigation). Fruit weight, fruit length and number of fruits were recorded. Pepper lines 1900, 896 A-W, 74, 760, 1560-W, 912 A-W, 405-A, 953-W, 226, 1105-W and 441 were identified as the most tolerant to water deficit conditions. Present findings revealed that these pepper lines could be used to develop cultivars that have satisfactory yield under water deficit conditions.
Identification and Estimation of Regression Models with Misclassification

This paper studies the problem of identification and estimation in nonparametric regression models with a misclassified binary regressor where the measurement error may be correlated with the regressors. We show that the regression function is nonparametrically identified in the presence of an additional random variable that is correlated with the unobserved true underlying variable but unrelated to the measurement error. Identification for semiparametric and parametric regression functions follows straightforwardly from the basic identification result. We propose a kernel estimator based on the identification strategy, derive its large sample properties, and discuss alternative estimation procedures. We also propose a test for misclassification in the model based on an exclusion restriction that is straightforward to implement. Copyright The Econometric Society 2006.
ANN AND MLR MODEL FOR SHEAR STRESS PREDICTION OF EICHER 11.10 CHASSIS FRAME: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

The main objective of the research is to compare the accuracy of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) model for shear stress of EICHER 11.10 CHASSIS FRAME. The chassis frame is made of two side members joined with a series of cross members. The number of cross members, their locations, cross-section and the sizes of the side and the cross members becomes the design variables. The chassis frame model is to be developed in Solid works and analyzed using Ansys. Since the no. of parameters and levels are more, the probable models are too many. The weight reduction of the sidebar is achieved by changing the Parameters using the orthogonal array. Then FEA is performed on those models. ANN and MLR models are prepared using the results of FEA to predict shear stress on the chassis frame. The results indicate that ANN prediction is more accurate than MLR prediction.
CARBON DEPOSITION AND HYDROGEN ISOTOPE RETENTION IN JET

Hydrogen retention in tokamaks is dominated by two mechanisms: implantation into plasma-facing surfaces and trapping in deposited layers. The amount of hydrogen implantation saturates at typically ~1021 atoms m-2, giving ~2 × 1023 atoms in the JET first wall (which is ~200 m2), whilst codeposition depends firstly on the quantity of carbon deposited, and secondly on the temperature history of the deposits. Generally, codeposition has dominated the retained H inventory in JET, which was typically ~1024 atoms. The installation of a divertor in JET has necessitated the presence of water-cooled components to protect the divertor field coils, whereas previously all plasma-facing components were normally at least 300°C. Thick carbon-based films are deposited on surfaces in the vicinity of the inner corner of the divertor on surfaces shadowed from the plasma. Because of the divertor cooling, these deposits are at low temperature and their H:C ratio is at least 0.5:1; as a result their contribution to the overall in-vessel inventory is increased. No comparable deposition is found at the outer divertor. In the Mk IIA divertor the majority of the deposition occurs on cool surfaces many centimetres from the plasma, although with a line-of-sight to the vicinity of the inner strike point, and the average amount deposited per pulse is much greater than previously observed. The number of carbon atoms forming the basis of the deposits amounts to several percent of the ion flux to the inner strike point. The build-up of material leads to spalling (probably on venting to air). The mechanism for the generation and transport of the carbon to form the films is unknown, but ELMs may have a role: it is important to fully understand the phenomenon because of the similarities between the JET and ITER divertor geometries.
Nutrient and fatty acid composition of cultured and wild caught gold-spot mullet Liza parsia (Hamilton, 1822)

The gold-spot mullet, Liza parsia (Hamilton, 1822) is a common mullet species that constitutes year round thriving fishery in the shallow coastal waters, estuaries, mangrove swamps and brackishwater lakes along the coast of India. Nutrient and fatty acid composition were analysed in cultured and wild caught L. parsia of different size groups. Fish were cultured with formulated pelleted feed in brackishwater pond at Nagayalanka (15.9450 N; 80.9180E), Andhra Pradesh, India. Wild samples of L. parsia were caught from the same region near Krishna River. The fishes were categorised into four size groups (<50 g, 50-100 g, 101-150 g and >150 g) from both sources. The moisture and ash content were higher (p<0.05) in wild fishes (75.85 and 1.39%) compared to cultured ones (72.96 and 1.29%). Cultured L. parsia had higher (p<0.05) crude lipid (2.12-8.73%) across all size groups compared to wild group which recorded crude lipid in the range of 0.67-3.10%. However, no significant change was observed for crude protein between wild and cultured fish. The quantities (mg 100 g-1 of fish muscle) of 18:2n-6 fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher by 12 fold in farmed fish, whereas 20:4n-6 was higher (p<0.05) by two times in captive L. parsia. Significant (p<0.05) difference was observed in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content between the cultured and wild fish (108.60 and 89.90 mg 100 g-1, respectively) but not in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (110.59 and 115.03 mg 100 g-1 respectively). The consumption of 100 g L. parsia fish which was above 100 g size of both wild and farmed could meet per day (250 mg) dietary needs of EPA and DHA.
Projected changes of snow conditions and avalanche activity in a warming climate: the French Alps over the 2020–2050 and 2070–2100 periods

Projecting changes in snow cover due to climate warming is important for many societal issues, including the adaptation of avalanche risk mitigation strategies. Efficient modelling of future snow cover requires high resolution to properly resolve the topography. Here, we introduce results obtained through statistical downscaling techniques allowing simulations of future snowpack conditions including mechanical stability estimates for the mid and late 21st century in the French Alps under three climate change scenarios. Refined statistical descriptions of snowpack characteristics are provided in comparison to a 1960–1990 reference period, including latitudinal, altitudinal and seasonal gradients. These results are then used to feed a statistical model relating avalanche activity to snow and meteorological conditions, so as to produce the first projection on annual/seasonal timescales of future natural avalanche activity based on past observations. The resulting statistical indicators are fundamental for the mountain economy in terms of anticipation of changes. Whereas precipitation is expected to remain quite stationary, temperature increase interacting with topography will constrain the evolution of snow-related variables on all considered spatio-temporal scales and will, in particular, lead to a reduction of the dry snowpack and an increase of the wet snowpack. Overall, compared to the reference period, changes are strong for the end of the 21st century, but already significant for the mid century. Changes in winter are less important than in spring, but wet-snow conditions are projected to appear at high elevations earlier in the season. At the same altitude, the southern French Alps will not be significantly more affected than the northern French Alps, which means that the snowpack will be preserved for longer in the southern massifs which are higher on average. Regarding avalanche activity, a general decrease in mean (20–30%) and interannual variability is projected. These changes are relatively strong compared to changes in snow and meteorological variables. The decrease is amplified in spring and at low altitude. In contrast, an increase in avalanche activity is expected in winter at high altitude because of conditions favourable to wet-snow avalanches earlier in the season. Comparison with the outputs of the deterministic avalanche hazard model MEPRA (Modele Expert d'aide a la Prevision du Risque d'Avalanche) shows generally consistent results but suggests that, even if the frequency of winters with high avalanche activity is clearly projected to decrease, the decreasing trend may be less strong and smooth than suggested by the statistical analysis based on changes in snowpack characteristics and their links to avalanches observations in the past. This important point for risk assessment pleads for further work focusing on shorter timescales. Finally, the small differences between different climate change scenarios show the robustness of the predicted avalanche activity changes.
Crush on Someone Nearby Without Initiating a Romantic Relationship

Unrequited love (UL) is unreciprocated love that causes yearning for more complete love. Five types of UL are delineated and conceptualized on a continuum from lower to greater levels of interdependence: crush on someone unavailable, crush on someone nearby, pursuing a love object, longing for a past lover, and an unequal love relationship. Study 1a found all types of UL relationships to be less emotionally intense than equal love and 4 times more frequent than equal love during a 2-year period. Study 1b found little evidence for limerent qualities of UL. Study 2 found all types of UL to be less intense than equal love on passion, sacrifice, dependency, commitment, and practical love, but more intense than equal love on turmoil. These results suggest that UL is not a good simulation of true romantic love, but an inferior approximation of that ideal.
Mechanical Properties of Chemically Vapor-Infiltrated Silicon Carbide Structural Composites with Thin Carbon Interphases for Fusion and Advanced Fission Applications

Fast fracture properties of chemically vapor-infiltrated silicon carbide matrix composites with Hi-NicalonType-S near-stoichiometric silicon carbide fiber reinforcements and thin pyrolytic carbon interphase were studied. The primary emphasis was on preliminary assessment of the applicability of a very thin pyrolytic carbon interphase between fibers and matrices of silicon carbide composites for use in nuclear environments. It appears that the mechanical properties of the present composite system are not subject to strong interphase thickness effects, in contrast to those in conventional non-stoichiometric silicon carbide-based fiber composites. The interphase thickness effects are discussed from the viewpoints of residual thermal stress, fiber damage, and interfacial friction. A preliminary conclusion is that a thin pyrolytic carbon interphase is beneficial for fast fracture properties of stoichiometric silicon carbide composites.
Smallmouth Bass Population Demographics in Missouri Ozark Streams and an Evaluation of a Statewide 305‐mm Minimum Length Limit

The Ozark streams of Missouri provide anglers with unique Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu ﬁ shing opportunities. To ensure the sustainability and potential of these ﬁ sheries, we sampled ﬁ ve streams in the Ozark highland ecoregion of southern Missouri via recreational angling methods. From our samples, we developed estimates of recruitment, growth, and mortality, and assessed current regulations for Smallmouth Bass. To accomplish these objectives, we aged otoliths from 75 legal (305-mm) ﬁ sh on each stream. Back-calculated length-at-age estimates were formed for sublegal lengths, and were paired with electro ﬁ shing length distributions on each stream using an age-length key. These data were used to develop estimates of dynamic rate functions and models of yield, spawning potential, and number of memorable ﬁ sh for each study population. We found that recruitment was stable on each stream, but growth and mortality varied among streams. We also found that models of yield, spawning potential, and number of memorable ﬁ sh varied greatly among streams. Our results showed that the current 305-mm statewide minimum length limit is applicable for some of our study streams, but yield, spawning potential, and trophy potential could increase with more restrictive length limits on some of our study streams. More spatially explicit length limits can help these Smallmouth Bass populations reach their growth potential. This information can help inform stream management in Missouri and across the Ozark region of the Midwest.
A COMPARISON OF RECOVERY CHARACTERISTICS OF SEVOFLURANE AND PROPOFOL–REMIFENTANIL ANESTHESIA IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS

1 Selçuk Üniversitesi Meram T›p Fakültesi Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Anabilim Dal› KONYA 2 Selçuk Üniversitesi Meram T›p Fakültesi Üroloji Anabilim Dal› KONYA 3 Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu T›p Fakültesi Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Anabilim Dal› KONYA Jale Bengi ÇEL‹K1 Ahmet TOPAL1 Atilla EROL1 Selçuk GÜVEN2 ‹nci KARA3 A COMPARISON OF RECOVERY CHARACTERISTICS OF SEVOFLURANE AND PROPOFOL–REMIFENTANIL ANESTHESIA IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Impacts of the alien mosquitofish on the abundance and condition of two Mediterranean native fish

The rapid decline of the Greek native Valencia letourneuxi, and its recently described sister species Valencia robertae, has been often attributed to habitat degradation, as well as aggression from or resource competition with the alien mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki. The mosquitofish is extremely wide-spread in Mediterranean freshwater ecosystems, however, documentation on its presumed negative impacts on native freshwater fishes is limited. In this study, we compared abundance, condition and gonad weight of Valencia spp. in no co-occurrence versus co-occurrence to the mosquitofish, using data collected from eight aquatic systems of Greece, over a five year period (2005 to 2009). Our results show that Valencia abundance is significantly lower in co-occurrence to the Eastern mosquitofish. Furthermore, female Valencia spp. individuals in co-occurrence to the mosquitofish were smaller in length and had poorer somatic condition compared to females in habitats not invaded by the mosquitofish. The mechanisms responsible for these effects of the alien mosquitofish as well as the conservation implications for native Valencia populations are discussed.
Observer variation in tree diameter measurements.

: Tree diameter breast height (dbh) was measured on 879 permanently marked trees by two experienced professional foresters. Error rates were approximately equal between observers. Measurement error rates of 5% of tree diameter or greater may be expected in dbh measurements on as many as 5% of measured trees. West. J. Appl. For. 20(2):134–137.
Ways to improve research outputs of nurse academics in sub-Saharan Africa

In academia, evidence of scholarship, e.g. published articles, is required for career progression. A consensus-seeking design was used to identify ways in which nurse academics in sub-Saharan Africa could be mentored to increase their publications. Convenient sampling was done and data were gathered through two nominal groups. Only 9 of the 24 participants who had at least a master's degree have had an article published. Nurses in sub-Saharan Africa who acquire master's and doctoral degrees should be mentored to get their findings published in journals. Developmental network mentoring appeared to be more appropriate for mentoring nurse academia over geographical distances than individual dyad mentoring relationships.