Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Swirl Boundary Layer at the Inlet of a Rotating Circular Cone

When a fluid enters a rotating pipe, a swirl boundary layer with thickness of $δ_S$ appears at the wall and interacts with the axial momentum boundary layer with thickness of $δ$. The swirl is produced by the wall shear stress and not due to kinematic reasons as by a turbomachine. In the center of the pipe, the fluid is swirl-free and is accelerated due to axial boundary layer growth. Below a critical flow number $ϕ < ϕ_c$, there is flow separation, known in the turbomachinery context as part load recirculation. Previous work analyses the flow at the inlet of a rotating circular pipe ($R =R_ 0$). For a systematic approach to a turbomachine, the influence of the turbine's and pump's function, schematically fulfilled by a diffuser and a nozzle, on the evolution of the swirl and flow separation is to analyse. The radius of the rotating pipe depends linearly on the axial coordinate, yielding a rotating circular cone. The swirl evolution depends on the Reynolds number, flow number, axial coordinate and apex angle. The influence of the la er is the paper's main task. The circumferential velocity component is measured applying D Laser Doppler Anemometry to investigate the swirl evolution.
in the Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which primarily comprises Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. The etiologic factors of IBD are currently unclear, although it is believed to stem from interactions between an individual’s underlying genetic risk, the intestinal microbiome, and environmental factors. Because nutrients play a strong role in shaping the intestinal microbiome andmay themselves modify the inflammatory response, the diet has emerged as a potential factor that influences IBD pathogenesis and activity. Moreover, the increased risk of IBD among populations migrating to western countries and the increasing incidence of IBD in regions that have
Authentic leadership and knowledge management Liderança autêntica e a gestão do conhecimento

Resumo: A liderança tem um papel importante na criação de valor, inovação e na articulação de estratégias de implantação da gestão do conhecimento. No âmbito da liderança existe uma discussão acerca da ética e autenticidade, principalmente após os escândalos protagonizados por altos dirigentes de algumas organizações, principalmente as norte-americanas Enron e Arhur Endersen. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é contextualizar a teoria da liderança autêntica, amparada nos pressupostos da autenticidade e por fortes valores éticos/morais. É uma conduta interessante para as organizações intensivas em conhecimento, visto que se preocupa em criar um ambiente organizacional positivo e com foco no desempenho verdadeiro e sustentável. A ética e autenticidade nas relações podem favorecer a criação e compartilhamento do conhecimento. Existem muitas possibilidades para estudos futuros (empíricos) que analisem a liderança autêntica e o seu desenvolvimento no ambiente social e organizacional. Palavras-chave: Gestão do conhecimento; Autenticidade; Liderança autêntica. Abstract: Leadership plays an important role in creating value, innovation and setting strategies of management and implementation of knowledge. In the context of leadership, there is a discussion about ethics and authenticity, especially after the scandals involving senior leaders of some organizations, mainly the American Enron and Arhur Endersen. The aim of this paper is to present the theory of authentic leadership, based on the assumptions of authenticity and strong ethical/moral values. It is an interesting conduct for knowledge-intensive organizations, since they are concerned with creating a positive organizational environment, focused on real and sustainable performance. Ethics and authenticity in relationships may favor knowledge creation and sharing. There are many possibilities for future (empirical) studies to analyze the authentic leadership and its development in social and organizational environments.
Contrasting characteristic behaviours among common laboratory mouse strains

Mice are widely used to model wide-ranging human neurological disorders, from development to degenerative pathophysiology. Behavioural and molecular characteristics of these mouse models are influenced by the genetic background of each strain. Among the most commonly used strains, the inbred C57BL/6J, BALB/c, CBA and 129SvEv lines and the CD1 outbred line are particularly predominant. Despite their prevalence, comparative performance of these strains on many standard behavioural tests commonly used to assess neurological conditions remains diffusely and indirectly accessible in the literature. Given that independent studies may be conducted with mice of differing genetic backgrounds, any variation in characteristic behavioural responses of specific strains should be delineated in order to properly interpret results among studies. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to characterize these commonly used mice strains through several standard behavioural tests. Here, we found that animals from different genetic background strains exhibited varying behavioural patterns when assessed for sociability/novelty, memory function, and negative behaviours like despair and stress calls. These results suggest that genetic variation among strains may be responsible—in part—for strain-specific behavioural phenotypes and potential predisposition to some neurological disorders.
Evaluation of the 2006 and 2015 Turkish Education Program in Secondary School Curriculum in Turkey in Terms of Critical Thinking.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the primary school second stage Turkish Education Curriculum effectuated in 2006 and the secondary school Turkish Education Curriculum effectuated in 2015 comparatively in terms of critical thinking. Of qualitative research designs, document analysis approach and content analysis were adopted for the study. The elements of aforementioned curriculums such as teaching approach, overall objectives, basic approach, basic skills, basic language skills, achievements, elements and methods were analyzed in terms of critical thinking. Both Turkish Education Curriculums have taken critical thinking as a basic skill, and have included critical thinking in the sections of overall objectives, basic approach and vision. On the other hand, 2006 Turkish curriculum is richer in methodological basis in terms of giving basic language skills, while 2015 Turkish curriculum is richer in terms of achievements.
Meaningless yet meaningful: Morphology grounded subword-level NMT

We explore the use of two independent subsystems Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) and Morfessor as basic units for subword-level neural machine translation (NMT). We show that, for linguistically distant language-pairs Morfessor-based segmentation algorithm produces significantly better quality translation than BPE. However, for close language-pairs BPE-based subword-NMT may translate better than Morfessor-based subword-NMT. We propose a combined approach of these two segmentation algorithms Morfessor-BPE (M-BPE) which outperforms these two baseline systems in terms of BLEU score. Our results are supported by experiments on three language-pairs: English-Hindi, Bengali-Hindi and English-Bengali.
Ready Contents or Future Skills? A Comparative Study of Teacher Education in Thailand and Finland

This study aimed to analyze the recently updated teacher education programmes in two universities in Finland and Thailand. The article reports the characteristics of the elementary and secondary school teacher education studies in the selected universities, and discusses the roles and significance of 21 st century skills and their modifications in these programmes. This kind of qualitative case comparison that focuses on modern skills and intercultural programmes is a new approach. The methods were document analysis and questionnaire-based survey. Six teacher educators who had important roles in the recent programme updates, three from each university, were the survey informants. The findings revealed that the policies and approaches to teacher education were different. While the Thai programmes focused more on courses, the Finns had a wider educational view. Second, research, skills and teaching practice were seen to be important, but the purposes were parted. Finally, as teachers’ professional development tools, those will need further studies.
Equivalence testing for functional data with an application to comparing pulmonary function devices

Equivalence testing for scalar data has been well addressed in the literature, however, the same cannot be said for functional data. The resultant complexity from maintaining the functional structure of the data, rather than using a scalar transformation to reduce dimensionality, renders the existing literature on equivalence testing inadequate for the desired inference. We propose a framework for equivalence testing for functional data within both the frequentist and Bayesian paradigms. This framework combines extensions of scalar methodologies with new methodology for functional data. Our frequentist hypothesis test extends the Two One-Sided Testing (TOST) procedure for equivalence testing to the functional regime. We conduct this TOST procedure through the use of the nonparametric bootstrap. Our Bayesian methodology employs a functional analysis of variance model, and uses a flexible class of Gaussian Processes for both modeling our data and as prior distributions. Through our analysis, we introduce a model for heteroscedastic variances within a Gaussian Process by modeling variance curves via Log-Gaussian Process priors. We stress the importance of choosing prior distributions that are commensurate with the prior state of knowledge and evidence regarding practical equivalence. We illustrate these testing methods through data from an ongoing method comparison study between two devices for pulmonary function testing. In so doing, we provide not only concrete motivation for equivalence testing for functional data, but also a blueprint for researchers who hope to conduct similar inference.
Novel Biomarkers and the Diagnosis of Prion Diseases

In fatal neurodegenerative diseases, prion diseases have high risk of transmission ability and no cure and effective treatment. This abnormal folded protein disease in brain pose a serious threat to public health and the development of early diagnostic markers and new therapeutic approaches is in pronounced plea. Prion disease show infectious and incurable irrepressible nature and long period of silent incubations and nature of prion diseases, development of early diagnostic markers is in great demand to prevent a potential spread of the disease and for early diagnosis of the disease given the long incubation periods of disease. Moreover discovery of novel biomarkers can lead to development of new therapeutic targets and better understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of the Prion diseases.
PolySA: Polyhedral-Based Systolic Array Auto-Compilation

Automatic systolic array generation has long been an interesting topic due to the need to reduce the lengthy development cycles of manual designs. Existing automatic systolic array generation approach builds dependency graphs from algorithms, and iteratively maps computation nodes in the graph into processing elements (PEs) with time stamps that specify the sequences of nodes that operate within the PE. There are a number of previous works that implemented the idea and generated designs for ASICs. However, all of these works relied on human intervention and usually generated inferior designs compared to manual designs. In this work, we present our ongoing compilation framework named PolySA which leverages the power of the polyhedral model to achieve the end-to-end compilation for systolic array architecture on FPGAs. PolySA is the first fully automated compilation framework for generating high-performance systolic array architectures on the FPGA leveraging recent advances in high-level synthesis. We demonstrate PolySA on two key applications–matrix multiplication and convolutional neural network. PolySA is able to generate optimal designs within one hour with performance comparable to state-of-the-art manual designs.
The correlation study on vitamin D receptor ApaI gene polymorphism and gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between vitamin D receptor ApaI gene polymorphism and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Methods: 240 patients were divided them into GDM and non-GDM groups. DNA sampling was purified from peripheral blood and analysed by the PCR-RFLP for ApaI gene. BMI, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), and 1 h and 2 h Postprandial Glucose (PPG) were compared. Results: The genotype frequency of vitamin D receptor ApaI gene polymorphism significantly differed between two groups. Compared with AA genotype patients, the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly increased in those with CC genotype. Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between ApaI C allele and GDM. Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between vitamin D receptor ApaI gene polymorphism and GDM among pregnant women.
Computational efficiency of optic disk detection on fundus image: a survey

Fundus image processing is getting widely used in retinopathy detection. Detection approaches always proceed to identify the retinal components, where optic disk is one of the principal ones. It is characterized by: a higher brightness compared to the eye fundus, a circular shape and convergence of blood vessels on it. As a consequence, different approaches for optic disk detection have been proposed. To ensure a higher performing detection, those approaches varied in terms of characteristics set chosen to detect the optic disk. Even the performances are slightly different, we distinguish a significant gap on the computational complexity and hence on the execution time. This paper focuses on the survey of the approaches for optic disk detection. To identify an efficient approach, it is relevant to explore the chosen characteristics and the proposed processing to locate the optic disk. For this purpose, we analyze the computational complexity of each detection approach. Then, we propose a classification approach in terms of computational efficiency. In this comparison study, we distinguish a relation between computational complexity and the characteristic set for OD detection.
Speech processing using adaptive auditory receptive fields

The auditory system exhibits a remarkable ability to adapt to its listening environment, driven both by sensory-based cues and goal-directed processes. Here, we focus on the role of attentional feedback in facilitating processing of speech sounds in presence of nonstationary noises. We examine a theoretical formulation for retuning of cortical-like receptive fields to enable robust detection of speech sounds in presence of interference. The framework employs modulation-tuned filters aimed at emulating tuning characteristics of neurons at the level of auditory cortex. This bank of filters is then modulated based on goal-directed feedback to enhance separability between the feature representation of speech and nonspeech sounds. We hypothesize that this retuning procedure results in an emphasis of unique speech and nonspeech modulations in a high-dimensional space. We discuss the implications of this retuning on the fidelity of encoding speech sounds in presence of seen and novel noise conditions, and discuss implications of such plasticity in facilitating listening in challenging acoustic environments, hence opening the door to adaptive and intelligent audio technology that can emulate the biological system.
Turbocharging of Diesel Engine for Improving Performance and Exhaust Emissions : A Review

Turbochargers are used throughout the automotive industry to enhance the output of an internal combustion engine without increasing the cylinder capacity. The application of such a mechanical device enables automotive manufacturers to adopt smaller displacement engines, commonly known as engine downsizing. Turbochargers were often used to increase the potential of an already powerful IC engine, e.g. those used in motorsport. The emphasis today is to provide a feasible engineering solution to manufacturing economics and “greener” road vehicles. It is because of these reasons that turbochargers are now becoming much more popular in automotive industry applications. The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the current techniques used in turbocharging to improve the engine efficiency and exhaust emissions as much as possible.
Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Rice Straw Extract

Agricultural wastes cause a serious environmental problem in Egypt. Utilization of these wastes by an environmentally friendly way is a very important issue. The objective of this study was to utilize rice straw into high-value products. Antioxidant activity, total soluble phenols, and flavonoids were evaluated in ethyl acetate extract prepared from rice straw after alkaline hydrolysis. Total phenols were found to be 221.6 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE), while total flavonoids were 4.9 mg rutin equivalents (RE). The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and its IC50 value was 0.4 mg/ml. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extract possessed high antioxidant activity assayed by β-carotene bleaching method and its value of lipid peroxidation inhibition (LPI) was 75.4%. It also exhibited high reducing power and its IC50 value was equal to 0.06 mg/ml. HPLC analysis indicated that this extract contained seven phenolic acids including; protocatechuic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, ferulic, rosmarinic and cinnamic, in addition to two flavonoids; qurecetin and kaempferol. Results indicated that ferulic and p-coumaric acids were the major soluble phenolic acids in rice straw, and their concentrations were 3.9 and 2.9 mg/g DW. It can be summarized that the strong antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract, prepared from rice straw, was highly correlated with its high level of phenolic compounds.
On the life history of Pseudochorda nagaii (Pseudochordaceae fam. nov.) and its transfer from the Chordariales to the Laminariales (Phaeophyta)

Abstract The phenology and life history in culture of Pseudochorda nagaii, previously placed in the Chordariales, were studied. At Hanasaki, Hokkaido, Japan, the species is an annual, appearing in June, maturing in November–December, and disappearing the following July–August. In culture this species alternates between a microscopic filamentous oogamous gametophyte and a macroscopic parenchymatous sporophyte. The presence of oogamous reproduction and the parenchymatous construction of the sporophyte provide evidence that the species belongs to the Laminariales and not the Chordariales. However, P. nagaii differs from other Laminariales as follows: in the early developmental stage the apical segment of the sporophyte is asymmetric and lacks a phaeophycean hair; the paraphyses of the sporophyte are multicellular; and the gametophyte is monoecious and produces distinctive plurilocular antheridia. Consequently, the Pseudochordaceae fam. nov. is proposed to accommodate Pseudochorda within the Laminariales. Spo.
BUS ARRIVAL TIME PREDICTION BASED ON PCA-GA-SVM

Considering the correlations of the input indexes and the deficiency of calibrating kernel function parameters when support vector machine (SVM) is applied, a forecasting method based on principal component analysis-genetic algorithm-support vector machine (PCA-GA-SVM) is proposed to improve the precision of bus arrival time prediction. And the No. 232 bus in Shenyang City of China is taken as an example. The traditional SVM and Kalman Filtering model and GA-SVM are also employed to make comparative analysis on the prediction rate, respectively. The result indicates that PCA-GA-SVM obtains more accurate prediction results of bus arrival time prediction.
DIFFERENTIALAGE-RELATED PHENOLOGY IN LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL LARUS FUSCUS WINTERING

—We aimed to identify the existence of age-classes groups that shared similar seasonal patterns in migration movements for the lesser black-backed gull Larus fuscus. The gull age-classes groups were defined as sets of age-classes that were present in the harbour of Malaga (South of Spain) simultaneously during the wintering season. We distinguished ten groups of age-classes, which can be subsequently lumped into four big age-class groups: (i) immature stage-class, (ii) young breeders, (iii) age-classes from 6 to 11 years old, and (iv) age-classes older than 11 years old. Our present results supported the ‘dominance and arrival time model’.
Miscible quarter five-spot displacements in a Hele-Shaw cell and the role of flow-induced dispersion

Miscible quarter five-spot displacements in a Hele-Shaw cell are investigated by means of experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The experiments record both the volumetric as well as the surface efficiency at breakthrough as a function of the dimensionless flow rate in the form of a Peclet number and the viscosity contrast. For small flow rates, both of these efficiency measures decrease uniformly with increasing Peclet numbers. At large flow rates, an asymptotic state is reached where the efficiencies no longer depend on the Peclet number. Up to Atwood numbers of approximately 0.5, the less viscous fluid occupies close to 23 of the gap width, which indicates a near-parabolic velocity profile across the gap. Consequently, in this parameter range a Taylor dispersion approach should be well suited to account for flow-induced dispersion effects. For larger viscosity contrasts, accompanying two-dimensional numerical simulations based on Taylor dispersion predict an increased stabilization for hi.
The Effect of Using English SMS on KAU Foundation Year Students' Speaking and Writing Performance

This study aims at investigating the effect of using English short messaging service (SMS) on the development of the foundation year students‟ speaking and writing skills at King Abdulaziz University (KAU). Written and oral tests developed by the researcher were used to measure such development. During the six weeks of the experiment (the time each module usually lasts) each student in the experimental group was asked to write at least one 10-15 word SMS in English to their teacher every day. The teacher corrects the SMS and sends it back to the student. A T-test was used to find the effect of practicing SMS on the students‟ oral and written performance. Findings showed that students who practiced SMS with their teacher noticeably improved their writing and speaking performance. In the light of the findings above, the researcher encourages all the students in the foundation year in KAU in particular and students in general to use SMS but in correct English as a means of communication because of their great impact on oral and written performance.