Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Critical Care Staff's Attitudes to Donation in a Country with Presumed-Consent Legislation

tissue transplants from deceased donors performed annually in the European Union and North America, one would expect organ and tissue donation to be a routinely accepted end-of-life event. The reality, however, shows a different, grim picture: a recent survey shows huge discrepancies between countries with regard to their organ donation rates and performance. The resulting gap between supply and demand is illustrated by ever-increasing waiting lists, both in Europe and North America, and an alarming number of patients dying while waiting for the gift of life. This situation is not unique to organs. Of all transplantable tissues, musculoskeletal tissue by far is the most often transplanted. Greenwald et al estimated that more than 500 000 bone graft procedures are performed annually in the United States and suggested that double that number are done worldwide. Similar to the organ shortages, the increasing demand for tissue allografts has resulted in a dramatic shortfall in the supply of banked bone. Shortage is not a fate. Numerous initiatives have identified untapped resources, among them expanded criteria and non–heart-beating donors. A recent dead record review in one of Belgium’s largest transplant centers revealed a significant number of potential but nonidentified non–heart-beating donors. A similar review of medical records in our institution, last year, only confirmed this observation. Therefore, identifying the An analysis of critical care staff’s attitudes to donation in a country with presumed-consent legislation
The Ectopic Maxillary Canine: A Case Report

The prevalence of impaction or ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary canine has been reported at between 0·9 and 2·0 per cent (Thilander and Jakobsson, 1968; Ericson and Kurol, 1986). Ericson and Kurol (1986) advise that the maxillary permanent canine should be palpable in the buccal sulcus at 10 years of age, and if this is not the case then radiographic examination should be considered to determine the canine position. A case is presented in which a maxillary permanent canine was severely ectopic, and of poor prognosis as determined by criteria described by Ericson and Kurol (1988). Despite the degree of ectopia the canine showed some spontaneous improvement in position. Following this improvement, extraction of the primary canine resulted in satisfactory eruption of the permanent successor.
Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage in Health Personnel of Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

Background and Objectives: In this regard, in addition to reducing exposure, the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B is vaccination. The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in the Iranian Health Personnel is reportedly different in various studies and there is not an overall estimate of it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among Iranian Health Personnel using the meta-analysis method. Methods: This study was a systematic review of the Iranian databases, including Magiran, Iran Medex, IRANDOC, SID, MEDLIB and international databases, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Google Scholar search engine without any time limit to 2015 using standard Persian and English keywords. Searches were conducted by two researchers independently. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA, version 11.1 to combine data through Random Effects Model. Results: We evaluated 6311 subjects in 21 studies. The history of injection and complete coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in the Health Personnel was 86.9 (CI: 95, 83-90.7) and 70.3 (CI: 95, 65.6-75), respectively. The minimum and maximum vaccination coverage were related to the North (52.7) and West of Iran (87.2), respectively. Conclusion: The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in Iranian Health Personnel is less than European countries, which requires new management strategies and policies to maximize hepatitis B vaccination in high risk professional groups. © 2015, Iranian Epidemiological Association. All rights reserved.
Nanotechnology and Tumor Imaging: Seizing an Opportunity

Nanoparticles, labeled with a signaling moiety for in vivo imaging, and one or more ligands for molecularly targeted specificity, hold considerable promise in oncology. Nanoparticles can serve as modular platforms, from which a wide variety of highly sensitive and specific imaging agents can be created. For example, many hundreds or thousands of atoms that provide imaging signals, such as radioisotopes, lanthanides, or fluorophores, can be attached to each nanoparticle, to form imaging agents that would provide higher sensitivity that can be obtained from agents based on small molecules. Similarly, many copies of targeted ligands can be attached to nanoparticles to markedly inrease specific binding. Drugs or therapeutic isotopes can be added to create multifunctional nanoparticles. Appropriately labeled and targeted nanoparticles could lead to a paradigm change in which cancer detection, diagnosis, and therapy are combined in a single molecular complex.
Metalloproteinase-1, Metalloproteinase-7, and p53 Immunoexpression and their Correlation with Clinicopathological Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the immunoexpression of metalloproteinase-1, metalloproteinase-7, and p53 in colorectal adenocarcinoma, and to correlate this with clinicopathological prognostic factors. Material and methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from 82 patients was analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry, using the streptavidin-biotin method and the tissue microarray technique. Protein tissue expression was correlated with the variables of the degree of cell differentiation, stage, relapse-free survival, recurrence, survival, and specific mortality. Results: All of the tumors were positive for metalloproteinase-1, while 50 (61%) were positive for metalloproteinase-7, and 32 (39%) were negative for the latter. For p53, 70 (85.4%) of the tumors were positive and 12 (14.6%) were negative. Correlation of the marker expressions separately and in conjunction did not produce any statistically significant data. Conclusion: The immunoexpression of metalloproteinase-1, metalloproteinase-7, and p53 did not correlate with recurrence, mortality, relapse-free survival, survival, degree of cell differentiation, or staging of colorectal cancer. (Int J Biol Markers 2009; 24: 156-64)
Strong Association of Interleukin-6 -174 G>C Promoter Polymorphism with Increased Risk of Oral Cancer

In view of the recently found contribution of factors associated with thrombosis and inflammation to carcinogenesis, we investigated the possible association of interleukin-6 (IL-6) with an increased risk of oral cancer. In DNA samples of 162 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and 156 healthy controls of comparable ethnicity, age and sex, we studied the -174 G>C polymorphism in the IL-6 gene, which affects its transcription. C allele frequencies were significantly increased in patients compared to controls, 42.6% versus 23.1% (p<0.001). The CC homozygotes had a 7-fold greater risk of developing oral cancer (odds ratio 7.39, 95% CI 2.61-20.92), while the GC heterozygotes had a 4-fold greater risk (odds ratio 3.74, 95% CI 2.29-6.11). A significant increase in C alleles was observed in patients regardless of their smoking or alcohol consumption habits, early or advanced stage of cancer, and presence or absence of a family history for cancer or thrombophilia (p<0.001; Fisher’s exact test). These findings suggest that the -174 G>C polymorphism, by affecting IL-6 gene expression, is strongly associated with oral oncogenesis. (Int J Biol Markers 2006; 21: 246-50)
Detection of Carbapenem Resistance in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Eshcherichia Coli Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Carbapenems are β-lactam antibiotics, presently considered as the most potent agents for the treatment of multi drug resistant gram negative bacterial infection. Their clinical usage is under threat due to growing incidence of resistance due to production of Carbapenemases which belong to Class B β-lactamases. Knowledge of resistance patterns for Carbapenems will help to guide appropriate and judicious antibiotic use. Hence this study was conducted to detect the resistance to Carbapenems in ESBL producing isolates of E. coli, as the growing incidence of Carbapenem resistance is a major concern to public health. Objectives: 1. Screening and phenotypic confirmation of ESBL production in E. coli isolates. 2. Screening for Carbapenem resistance in ESBL producing E. coli isolates. Materials and Methods: Clinical samples consisting of all exudates, sterile body fluids and urine samples were included in our study. Samples were processed and E. coli identified as per routine laboratory protocol. ESBL screening and phenotypic confirmation, followed by screening for Carbapenem resistance was done as recommended by CLSI guidelines 2014. Results: We isolated 100 ESBL producing E. coli from the samples which were further screened for Carbapenem resistance. Among 100 ESBL producing E. coli isolates, 4(4%) showed Carbapenem resistance, out of which 2 were isloated from urine, 1 each from pus and stool. Co-resistance was observed to other antibiotics including other Cephalosporins(91%), Ampicillin(100%), Piperacillin(95%) and Fluoroquinoles(70%). Conclusion: Our study highlights an increase in resistance pattern in ESBL producing E. coli isolates towards Carbapenems, which is an alarming situation to microbiologists and clinical physicians of our country. Hence, there is a need to emphasize on rational use of antimicrobials and prevent their misuse which is harmful to both patient and community.
Otorhinolaryngology and Geriatrics in Ibadan, Nigeria

Background: Changing demographics trends in our country will have a profound influence on the future practice of otolaryngology. The geriatrics population has already become the fastest-growing segment of our society and it will continue to be so for decades to come and very soon a larger percentage of patients treated by Otolaryngologist will be in the over 65 age groups. The aim of this study is to present our observations on geriatrics ORL as seen in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: A retrospective study analysis of 170 geriatrics patients that presented in the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria between 2000 and 2004 was done. The diagnosis in each subject was based on history, clinical findings, and investigations done on each subject at the time of presentation. Results: 170 geriatrics patients were seen and treated over the 5-year studied period with 94 males (55.3%), 76 females (44.7%) (M:F 1.2:1) and with an average age of 70.9 years (age range 65-97 years). The geriatrics patients constituted 3.64% of the total new cases (4,675) seen during the studied period. Majority of the patients lived in the towns and cities 109 (64.1%) while 61 (35.9%) lived in the villages. 158 (92.9%) were married with 69 (40.6%) engaged in trading as an occupation while 54 (31.8%) and 23 (13.5%) were pensioners and housewife respectively. Only 16 (9.4%) still engaged in farming activities. The main presentations in these geriatrics patients were otological presentations 114 (67.1%) followed by rhinological 31(18.2%) and laryngeal presentations 22 (12.9%) respectively. Facio-plastic presentations were of 3 (1.8%) cases. Presbycusis 35 (30.7%) and cerumen auris 30 (26.3%) were the main otological problems encountered. Rhino-sinusitis 20 (58.8%) constituted the main rhinological problems seen. Laryngeal carcinoma 10 (41.7%) and pharyngo-laryngitis 6 (25%) constituted the main laryngeal problems found in this study. Majority of the patients were treated as outpatients 160 (94.1%), only 10 (5.9%) required admission for their treatments with an average hospital stays of 3-weeks. Conclusion: In conclusion, presbycusis, cerumen auris, rhino-sinusitis, and laryngeal carcinoma were the main otorhinolaryngological presentations seen among the geriatrics studied. With the explosive growth of the elderly population, this group will become a larger percentage of patients in the future and Otolaryngologist would need to be prepared to take care of these categories of patients adequately. Current and newly developed information relating to geriatrics in otolaryngology must be incorporated into present training of Otolaryngologist. Continuing education programs in geriatrics otolaryngology should be provided for all physicians in family practice to ensure early referral of such cases to ORL specialists. Key words: geriatrics, otolaryngology, presbycusis, sinusitis, laryngeal carcinoma. Nigerian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Vol.2(1) 2005: 7-12
Prognostic Significance of TP53 Mutations in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Human Papilloma virus Infection

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic impact of mutated TP53 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) whose tumors were infected with human papillomavirus (HPV). Methods: Thirty-two HPV-positive OSCC patients were included. Most of them were clinically classified as stage III (n=29). All patients underwent postoperative radiotherapy (follow-up from 12 to 60 months, median 32). There were 21 relapses. DNA was isolated by phenol extraction from tumor tissue. HPV DNA (type 16, 18, 31, 33) was detected in genomic DNA of the tumors by the PCR-PAGE method. TP53 mutations (exons 4-8) were detected by the PCR-SSCP method. Results: A statistically significant difference in the number of relapses in HPV-infected (13/21) versus HPV-infected and TP53-mutated (8/8) patients was observed. Patients with both TP53 mutation and HPV infection had a significantly shorter disease-free interval than patients with HPV infection only (median 6 versus 31 months, respectively). Conclusions: TP53 mutations are associated with a higher risk of relapse and contribute to an even worse prognosis of patients with OSCC when the tumors are HPV infected. The shorter disease-free interval in patients with TP53 mutations indicates that the response to postoperative radiotherapy may be influenced by TP53 status. The presence of both HPV infection and TP53 mutations may define a particular group of tumors with a more aggressive phenotype in advanced OSCC. (Int J Biol Markers 2007; 22: 252-7)
Study of fatal burn cases in Medico-Legal autopsies

The burn autopsies form the major bulk of autopsies carried out at most of the hospitals in India. A medico–legal study of fatal burn cases was carried out at Nanded (India) during the period of 3 years. These constituted 18.2% of the total medico–legal autopsies carried out during the same period. The majority of burn deaths were observed in the age group of 11 – 40 yrs (83.11%), with peak incidence in 21 – 30 yrs (39.5%) of age group. Female preponderance was seen in all age groups with male to female ratio 1:2.5. Most of the cases were from rural area (76.3%). In 189 cases (41.4%), total body surface area involved was more than 80%. Majority of the subjects died as a result of flame burns (92.3%), followed by electric burns (5.3%) & scald (2.4%). In 406 cases (89%), Kerosene oil was involved leading to fatal burns. Accidental burns were most common (70.8%), followed by suicidal (18.2%) and homicidal burns (10.9%). The majority of deaths due to burns were observed within 1 week (66.2%).
Life Satisfaction Over the First Five Years Following Burn Injury

Life Satisfaction Over the First Five Years Following Burn Injury. (August 2012) Jessica Lynne Hoskins, B.A., Texas A&M University; M.Ed., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Timothy R. Elliott Individuals with burn injuries increasingly survive their injury, but we know little about their psychological outcomes following the injury. This study examines life satisfaction outcomes for 260 individuals who sustained burn injuries and were assessed repeatedly over a five year period post-discharge with the Life Satisfaction Index (LSI), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Family Satisfaction Scale (FSS). Structural equation modeling was used to predict life satisfaction (LSI) based on functional impairment (FIM), family satisfaction (FSS), pain, and employment variables. Study participants were assessed at 12 months, 24 months, 48 months, and 60 months post discharge. Each time period assessed was analyzed as a model of life satisfaction predictors; additionally, a prospective model was proposed which combined data from all four time points in one path analysis of predictors of life satisfaction at 60 months post discharge. Results indicate that family satisfaction, functional independence, employment, and pain did not explain the variance associated with life satisfaction scores (variance explained ranged from 4% at 24 months post discharge to 11% at 60 months post discharge). Few paths in all five of the models proposed proved significant, suggesting
6-(4-Bromophenyl)-2-ethoxy-4-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)nicotinonitrileThis paper is dedicated to His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand (King Rama IX) for his sustainable development of the country

There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C23H21BrN2O4, which differ in the conformation of their ethoxy residues, i.e. almost co-planar with the pyridine ring in one molecule [C—O—C—C = 174.0 (2) ] but almost perpendicular in the other [C—O—C—C = 92.8 (3) ]. The dihedral angles between the central pyridine ring and the 4-bromophenyl and 2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl rings are 11.05 (12) and 63.78 (12) , respectively, in one molecule; the corresponding angles in the other molecule are 30.38 (13) and 65.38 (13) , respectively. In the crystal structure, pairs of molecules are arranged in a face-to-face sandwich structure which further stacks along the b axis. The crystal packing features C—H interactions and Br O [3.5417 (17) A], Br C [3.748 (3) A], C N [3.376 (4) A] and C O [3.351 (3)–3.409 (3) A] contacts. Finally, interactions [centroid centroid distances = 3.6346 (19) and 3.6882 (19) A] are observed.
Traumatic Dental Injuries and Associated Risk Factor among Sudanese School Children

Aims: To determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in the anteriorsegment and associated risk factors for 9 12 years old school children in Wad-Madani locality, Al-Gazira state, Sudan. Material and method: A cross-sectional school base study for six hundred and eighty 9 12 years old school children (boys and girls) selected randomly from 25 basic schools. Andresen’s criteria were used to record traumatic dental injuries by visual examination and no radiographs were taken. Associated risk factors were assessed (age, gender, over jet and lip Competency). Chi-square test was used to test association between the different variables. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was 9.1%. Boys experienced more injuries than girls 1:2.2. Enamel fracture (63%) was most common types followed by enamel and dentine fracture (27%). The maxillary central incisor was the most common affected tooth (79.7%). Collisions were the main cause of trauma and home the most common place. Most of the traumatized teeth were not treated. The high percentage of traumatized teeth associated with increased over jet (P = 0.000) and inadequate upper lip coverage (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The present study revealed a relatively low prevalence of dental trauma, but still high when compared with literature. Significant association between dental trauma and associated factors (age, gender, overjet and lip Competency) were found. Educational programs should be initiated for the community regarding causes, prevention and treatment of traumatic dental injuries is mandatory to elaborate preventive strategies and efficient treatment plans. *Corresponding author: Amal H. Abuaffan, Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Orthodontic, Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum-1719, Sudan, Tel: 00249-912696035, 00249927202131; E-mail : amalabuaffan@yahoo.com
Personality and Utilization of Prostate Cancer Testing

The present study represents the first instance in which participants’ personalities have been systematically measured in relation with prostate cancer (PCa) screening behavior. Cross-sectional data were collected between 2010 and 2011 in Estonia. Subjects were 371 men, 62 of whom were first-time patients of andrology clinic, and 309 were men of probability sample. Neuroticism had a significant inverse association with past, present, and future attendance. In contrary, conscientiousness had a significant positive association with PCa testing attendance in the past and present, and intention to attend PCa testing in the future. In conclusion, as PCa screening is no longer recommended by specialists, it becomes more important to offer personality-based counseling for age-eligible men.
Identication of Peer E¤ects via a Root Estimator

By exploiting the correlation structure of individual outcomes in a network, we show that a carefully constructed root estimator can identify peer e¤ects in linear social interaction models, when identi cation cannot be achieved via variation of group sizes or intransitivity of network connections. We establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the root estimator under heteroskedasticity, and conduct Monte Carlo experiments to investigate its nite sample performance. JEL classi cation: C31
On the Atlantic-Pacific Niños connection : 2 A multidecadal modulated mode 3 4 5

1 On the Atlantic-Pacific Niños connection: 2 A multidecadal modulated mode 3 4 5 Marta Martín-Rey , Belén Rodríguez-Fonseca , Irene Polo (3) and Fred Kucharski (4) 6 7 (1) Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, centro mixto UCM-CSIC 8 (2) Departamento de Física de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica I (Geofísica y Meteorología), 9 Facultad de C.C. Físicas. UCM, Av/ Complutense 28040, Madrid, Spain. 10 (3) NCAS-Climate, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, UK, PO Box 243, 11 Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6BB, U.K. 12 (4) The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics P.O. BOX 586, I-34100 13 14 15 Corresponding author address: Marta Martín del Rey. Departamento de Física de la Tierra, 16
The Tesla Turbine – A Comprehensive Review

Article history: Received 23 March 2019 Received in revised form 3 May 2019 Accepted 23 September 2019 Available online 24 October 2019 One of Nikola Tesla’s greatest inventions which never saw mass production was a revolutionary bladeless turbine, commonly referred to as ‘Tesla turbine’. The lack of technology and knowledge during Tesla’s time handicapped the development of this radical design. With no blades, this turbine uses frictional and viscous forces to drive a set of stacked discs. These forces are responsible for losses in conventional turbines. Researchers have tried to develop the turbine, but have never achieved the efficiencies predicted by Nikola Tesla. Tesla’s original design was meant to replace the then inefficient full-scale turbines. However, research over the years on various scaled designs of the Tesla turbine has shown that it is most effective for microscale power generation. Though this is in contrast to Tesla’s original vision, it is still a great revelation as conventional turbines suffer large losses in the microscale domain. The Tesla turbine is also called the Prandtl turbine and the boundary layer turbine, as it uses the phenomenon of the boundary layer as the main driving force. This paper aims to compile the works done on this turbine over the years and to present important information under the categories of different parameters that have been studied.