Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EMITTANCE GROWTH IN THE MAIN LINAC OF CLIC AT 500 GEV

The CLIC study has focused on investigating the possibility to construct a linear electronpositron collider with a centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV. Recently, an evaluation of different linear collider proposals has been carried out by the International Linear Collider Technical Review Committee, chaired by Greg Loew. Since this evaluation focused on a centre-of-mass energy of 500 GeV, it was necessary to design an appropriate main lincac lattice and to evaluate its performance. This paper reports the results.
Identification of potential untapped herbaceous flora in the mid rift valley of Ethiopia and their nutritive value

This study was conducted with the objective to identify untapped herbaceous flora that were used as livestock feed and to determine their chemical composition in wet season. Twelve peasant associations (PAs) and a total of 120 households were selected for the study. Key informants were also used for vernacular name identification and utilization. Samples were also taken from their edible parts for analysis of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), total ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose and lignin. A total of 17 different herbs and forbs were identified which have a feed value for different livestock species. The CP values of species ranged between 10.9 to 27.86% with the highest value being recorded in Sida ovata Forssk. while the lowest value was recorded in Gutenbergia rueppellii Sch.Bip. The NDF value ranged from 26.1 to 53.16%. The highest NDF value was recorded in G. rueppellii Sch.Bip. and the lowest was recorded in Achyranthus aspera L. Generally, the differences within species and among different species in terms of chemical composition of these browses was significant. Some of them contain crude protein content of more than 190 g/kg DM, which has a capacity of supplementing poor quality roughages.
Changes in the Physicochemical Quality Characteristics of Cabbage Kimchi with respect to Storage Conditions

In this study, the changes in pH, organic acid content, acidity, and salinity of kimchi prepared at 0 days, stored 1–8 weeks at 4 and 10°C, and stored at room temperature for two days were analyzed. Organic acids content was analyzed by using analytical technique of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method was also validated using quality assurance parameters of linearity, limits of detection and quantification (LOD and LOQ), precision, and spike recovery experiments. In the analysis of organic acids content (mg/kg), it was found that the kimchi stored for 1–8 weeks at 4 and 10°C showed gradual increase in the organic acids content during storage period. The order of organic acids was lactic acid > acetic acid > citric acid > malic acid > succinic acid > oxalic acid > fumaric acid. The pH values of kimchi stored at 4°C, 10°C, and 25°C were 4.1, 3.6–3.7, and 4.1, respectively.
The Golden Age and the Second Globalization in Italy

After the Golden Age, Italy experienced increasing difficulties in adjusting its economy to the changing external context and to the requirements for sustaining catch-up growth at a higher level of economic development. The adjustment issue is common to advanced countries but the difficulties experienced in Italy look particularly severe. Cushioned by inflation and devaluation, growth remained relatively high in the 1970s. In the subsequent decade, in spite of improved conditions for addressing macroeconomic disequilibria structural adjustments were neglected. Major supply side reforms were eventually implemented in the aftermath of the 1992 crisis. Nevertheless, in the second half of the decade growth fell below the EU average. These necessary reforms fell however short of what was required. Participation in EMU did not help as far as the improvement of growth prospects was concerned. In the last section some of the economic and metaeconomic factors explaining the ineffectiveness of the reform process are briefly explored.
Anomalous stress diffusion in earthquake triggering: Correlation length, time dependence, and directionality

[1] It has been recently suggested that moderate and large earthquakes can be triggered by similarly sized events at very long range. Here we study the main characteristics of earthquake triggering by determining its correlation length, time dependence, and directionality. The problem is examined at a global level, by using the Harvard centroid moment tensor catalogue. Our results show that the correlation lengths depend only weakly on the magnitude thresholds involved. No significant systematic triggering is observed for distances greater than the lithospheric thickness (100–150 km), and the correlation length magnitude is similar to the seismogenic thickness (10–20 km). The mean triggering distance and correlation length both increase with time very slowly compared with what would be expected from a normal diffusion process. This is consistent with a clock advance on the failure time based on the constitutive rules for subcritical crack growth following a transient change in the loading stress. The power law scaling disappears after a few months. A functional form for the probability of triggering as a function of time and distance is proposed on the basis of the properties of near critical point systems. The model fits the data well and could be used to calculate conditional probabilities for time-dependent seismic hazard due to earthquake triggering. An apparent directionality effect that was observed in the data set can be attributed to an artefact of poor depth determination. These results do not preclude individual long-range triggering with a potential directionality effect, but they do rule out a statistical correlation at distances much greater than the thickness of the lithosphere.
Addressing the underrepresentation of women in mathematics conferences

Despite significant improvements over the last few generations, the discipline of mathematics still counts a disproportionately small number of women among its practitioners. These women are underrepresented as conference speakers, even more so than the underrepresentation of women among PhD-earners as a whole. This underrepresentation is the result of implicit biases present within all of us, which cause us (on average) to perceive and treat women and men differently and unfairly. These mutually reinforcing biases begin in primary school, remain active through university study, and continue to oppose women's careers through their effects on hiring, evaluation, awarding of prizes, and inclusion in journal editorial boards and conference organization committees. Underrepresentation of women as conference speakers is a symptom of these biases, but it also serves to perpetuate them; therefore, addressing the inequity at conferences is valuable and necessary for countering this underrepresentation. We describe in detail the biases against women in mathematics, knowing that greater awareness of them leads to a better ability to mitigate them. Finally, we make explicit suggestions for organizing conferences in ways that are equitable for female mathematicians.
Study of cervical cytology in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Cancer of the cervix is the third most common cancer in women. The mainstay of cervical cancer screening has been the Papanicolaou test. Aim: To study the frequency of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix and to study the clinicopathological aspects of cervical lesions. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based study of conventional cervical smears received between January 2014 to December 2015. For evaluating the Pap smears, the Bethesda system (2014) for reporting cervical cytology was used. Results: In the present study, 1418 cases were analysed during the mentioned period. Age of women ranged from 16 to 92 years. Commonest complaint was irregular bleeding per vagina and leucorrhea. 1164 smears (82.08%) belonged to NILM category, 132 smears (9.3%) were unsatisfactory for evaluation. ASCUS accounted for 4.87%, ASC-H 0.56%, LSIL 1.62%, HSIL 0.64%, AGC 0.64% and SCC 0.28% of cases. Conclusion: It was found that premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix is not common in our set up.
A multifaceted approach to modelling growth of the Australian bonito, Sarda australis (Family Scombridae), with some observations on its reproductive biology

Growth of the Australian bonito, Sarda australis, is described for the first time using data from three different sources. Von Bertalanffy growth functions were fitted to: (1) size-at-age data derived from sectioned sagittal otoliths, (2) monthly length–frequency collections from a commercial line fishery, and (3) tag–recapture data from a long-term cooperative tagging study. Age estimates of S. australis were indirectly validated by examining the percentage of otoliths with opaque edges each month. The best-fitting growth functions for each data source yielded similar results, showing strong seasonal variations in growth rate. Maximum growth occurred during summer, with near cessation of growth apparent during winter. Early growth was very fast, with fish attaining ~30 cm fork length (FL) after 3–4 months. Growth of males and females was not significantly different. The oldest fish sampled was estimated to be 3+ years old, while the largest fish aged was 63.8 cm FL. Gonadosomatic indices indicated that S. australis has an austral spring/summer spawning period in eastern Australia. A preliminary estimate of the size at first sexual maturity was ~36 cm FL for both males and females, corresponding to an age of ~1 year.
The Effects of Explicit Film-based Instruction on EFL Teacher Trainees’ Interpretation of Implied Meanings

Pragmatic competence is an indispensable dimension of overall language ability, and proper interpretation of implied meanings is a major constituent of pragmatic competence. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of a film-based instruction program devised to facilitate the interpretation of implied meanings in English. It was conducted with a quasi-experimental design. First, a multiple-choice discourse completion test was given to 144 English language teacher trainees with 77 people in the experimental group and 67 in the control group. After the 5-week instruction given to the experimental group, the test was administered to both groups again. The results revealed significant differences in favor of the experimental group. This makes the program a promising one as it made the participants, who were also prospective English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers responsible for helping their own students have pragmatic competence too, significantly more equipped about processing implied meanings as a major constituent of pragmatic competence.
Heterogeneous ice nucleation on dust particles sourced from 9 deserts worldwide-Part 1 : Immersion freezing

Desert dust is one of the most abundant ice nucleating particle types in the atmosphere. Traditionally, clay minerals were assumed to determine the ice nucleation ability of desert dust and constituted the focus of ice nucleation studies over several decades. Recently some feldspar species were identified to be ice-active at much higher temperatures than clay minerals, redirecting studies to investigate the contribution of feldspar to ice nucleation on desert dust. However, so far no study has shown the atmospheric relevance of this mineral phase. 5 For this study four dust samples were collected after airborne transport in the troposphere from the Sahara to different locations (Crete, the Peloponnese, Canary Islands and the Sinai Peninsula). Additionally, eleven dust samples were collected from the surface from nine of the biggest deserts worldwide. The samples were used to study the ice nucleation behavior specific to different desert dusts. Furthermore we investigated how representative surface-collected dust is for the atmosphere by comparing to the ice nucleation activity of the airborne samples. We used the IMCA-ZINC set-up to form droplets on single aerosol parti10 cles which were subsequently exposed to temperatures between 233 250 K. Dust particles were collected in parallel on filters for offline cold stage ice nucleation experiments at 253 263 K. To help the interpretation of the ice nucleation experiments the mineralogical composition of the dusts was investigated. We find that a higher ice nucleation activity in a given sample at 253 K can be attributed to the K-feldspar content present in this sample whereas at temperatures between 238 245 K it is attributed to the sum of feldspar and quartz content present. A high clay content on the other hand is associated with lower ice 15 nucleation activity. This confirms the importance of feldspar above 250 K and the role of quartz and feldspars determining the ice nucleation activities at lower temperatures as found by earlier studies for monomineral dusts. The airborne samples show on average a lower ice nucleation activity than the surface-collected ones. Furthermore, we find that under certain conditions milling can lead to a decrease in the ice nucleation ability of polymineral samples, due to the different hardness and cleavage of individual mineral phases causing an increase of minerals with low ice nucleation ability in the atmospherically relevant size 20 fraction. Comparison of our data set to an existing desert dust parameterization confirms its applicability for climate models. Our results suggest that for an improved prediction of the ice nucleation ability of desert dust in the atmosphere, the modelling of emission and atmospheric transport of the feldspar and quartz mineral phases would be key while other minerals are only of minor importance.
Effects of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) on the humus forms in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) stands

Podrázský V. , Vacek Z. , Kupka I. , Vacek S. , Třeštík M. , Cukor J. (2018): Effects of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) on the humus forms in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. ) stands. J. For. Sci., 64: 245–250. The effects of silver fir (Abies alba Miller) on the soil compared to Norway spruce (Picea abies (Linnaeus) H. Karsten) were evaluated. Altitude of the study site is 790 m a.s. l. , mild slope of 10° facing SW, forest site is spruce-beech on acid soil. The forest floor and top soil horizons (L + F1, F2 + H, Ah) were sampled in 4 replications beneath unmixed Norway spruce and silver fir groups. Comparing the soil-forming effects of both species, few significant differences were found in the Ah horizon – contents of total C, N, exchangeable Al and plant available Ca were higher beneath spruce. The soil improving role of silver fir compared to spruce was confirmed at the studied locality.
Changes in the Total Polyphenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacities of Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) Plant Extracts during the Growth Cycle

Changes in the total polyphenolics and antioxidative capacity of the perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) plant, during the growth cycle, have been analyzed in this study. These parameters were evaluated at five morphological stages. The extracts characterized by the highest total phenolic compound content were obtained at the full flowering stage. The phenolic compound profile was characterized by the presence of three major compounds, with rosmarinic acid being the most abundant. Moreover, their contents were significantly different according to the growth stage. High Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values were found for the last two growth stages. The lowest ferric-reducing antioxidant power value was observed for the medium vegetative stage. The highest antiradical activity against DPPH• was observed for extracts obtained from the early vegetative stage. The antioxidant activity changes during the growth cycle, and this change may be useful to determine the optimal harvest time.
A geophysical study of the northern Svalbard continental margin

SUMMARY In the summer of 1999, the first systematic seismic profiles were acquired across the northern Svalbard continental margin east of 15 ◦ E. Approximately 1470 km of multi-channel seismic reflection data as well as sonobuoy wide-angle data were collected up to 82 ◦ N. With few exceptions the signals imaged the whole sedimentary cover down to the acoustic basement. The uppermost sedimentary deposits of the inner shelf yield P-wave velocities of 2 km s −1 and higher, indicating erosion and compaction due to a former ice load. The inner shelf east of Hinlopen Strait has only a thin veneer of over-consolidated sediments above the acoustic basement. Beneath the outer shelf, up to 3.5 km of sedimentary deposits cover the down-faulted acoustic basement. The continental slope is heavily eroded due to bottom current activity and slumping. At about 30 ◦ E the morphology of the continental slope has a smooth appearance. Shelf progradation only in the vicinity of glacial troughs crossing the shelf (associated with submarine fans) indicates main sediment transport by ice streams during former glacial periods. The maximum sedimentary thickness in the Sophia Basin is more than 9 km, and the Nansen Basin has a sediment thickness of 4.5 km close to the margin. Gravity modelling along the seismic profiles was performed to constrain the position of the continent‐ocean transition. Existing sedimentary thickness and structural maps were extended over the area investigated. The new data provide no evidence for the presence of former extensive subaerial volcanic sequences (seaward-dipping reflectors), which would have been emplaced during the break-up along the margin. Thus, we consider this part of the margin as non-volcanic.
Changes in Quality Characteristics of Fresh Pork Patties Added with Tomato Powder during Storage

This study was carried out to determine the effects of olive oil prepared tomato powder (OPTP) used as lycopene source on fresh pork patties. OPTP was not added (0%; C), or was added at 0.25% (T1), 0.5% (T2), 0.75% (T3) and 1.0% (T4) in a basic pork patty formula and patties were stored for 7 days at 5℃. pH values of T3 and T4 were lower (p＜0.05) than those of control until storage day 3. However, pH values of treated samples were dramatically increased (p＜0.05) after 7 d of storage. Cooking loss values of treatments were lower (p＜0.05) than those of control at day 1 of storage. Thiobarbituric acid reacting substances values were lower (p＜0.05) in all treatments than in untreated samples during storage. All treated samples had lower values (p＜0.05) for lightness (L*) but significantly higher values (p＜0.05) for redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) than the untreated samples during storage. Total plate counts of T4 were lower (p＜0.05) than others during storage. In sensory evaluation, the scores of color, aroma and overall acceptability in T3 and T4 scored higher (p＜0.05) than those of control at days 1 and 3 of storage, however, statistical significance was not found (p＞0.05) among the samples after 7 days of storage. In conclusion, tomato powder-treated groups were significantly higher in redness (a*) and yellowness (b*), and lipid oxidation was inhibited, as compared with control during storage. Therefore, as a natural additive, tomato powder could be used to extend the self-life of meat products, providing the consumer with food containing natural additives, which might be seen more healthful than those of synthetic origin.
Intrathecal application of the microglial inhibitor minocycline attenuates sympathoexcitatory and proarrhythmogenic changes in rats with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy

Original citation: Bhandare, Amol M. , Kapoor, Komal, Powell, Kim L. , Braine, Emma, Casillas-Espinosa, Pablo, O'Brien, Terence J., Farnham, Melissa M. J. and Pilowsky, Paul M. (2017) Inhibition of microglial activation with minocycline at the intrathecal level attenuates sympathoexcitatory and proarrhythmogenic changes in rats with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuroscience, 350 . pp. 23-38 Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick. ac.uk/87504
Foreign Direct Investment Under Weak Rule of Law: Theory and Evidence from China

This paper develops a self-enforcing contract model to show that better economic fundamentals can help when there is weak rule of law -- but with order -- to attract foreign direct investment, whereas lowering taxes does not necessarily help. Using a cross-region Chinese dataset, the analysis finds evidence consistent with the theoretical analysis. Regional variations in tax rates and the perceived quality of formal contracting institutions are not correlated with regional inflows of foreign direct investment, but leadership characteristics are. Most conventional economic factors have the predicted effects on foreign direct investment. The finding that foreign direct investment is lower in locations where domestic private firms have better access to finance and where the air quality is poor is new to the literature.
Acellular dermal matrix and gingival connective in the treatment of periodontal recessions – comparative clinical evaluation in humans

ABSTRACTDifferent periodontal surgical techniques have been proposed for the treatment of periodontal recessions. Among these, the graft of gingival connective tissue stands out for the high predictability of success. This work compared the clinical outcomes of treatment of periodontal recessions, using the gingival connective tissue grafts and acellular dermal matrix. A total of 72 recessions constituted the sample, divided equally into 2 groups. Group 1: treated with acellular dermal matrix graft (MDA) associated with the displaced: Group 2: treated with gingival connective tissue graft, also associated with the flap offset coronally. We evaluated the clinical parameters of probing depth, insert, clinical periodontal recession towards coronal-apical diameter mesio-distal of recessions, keratinized and mucosa thickness flap and influence of grafts in relation to root coverage. The initial measures were compared to those obtained with 45, 90 and 120 days after surgery. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of reduction of periodontal recessions, keratinized and mucosa flap thickness and of grafts in relation to root coverage. The Group 2 (CG) showed statistically significant reduction in the depth of drilling and clinical level of insertion, compared to group 1 (MDA). However, these differences were not clinically relevant. It was concluded that both the gingival connective tissue graft as the acellular dermal matrix can be used in the treatment of periodontal recessions, with a high predictability of success.Keywords: Gingival recession, connective tissue graft, acellular dermal matrix, periodontal surgery, gum recession, root coverage.
Are groups working in the Information Technology class

We discuss teache rs’ perce ption of the use of group work in the Information Technology (IT) classroom. We describe the current situation regarding the implementation of group work in IT classrooms in South Africa as well as the challenges that IT teachers face when implementing group work. This information will be used in further research to develop a training model for teachers and student teach ers, which should en able them to ap ply group work effectively in the IT classroom.
Understanding mobile social behaviour using smartphones

Understanding the behaviour of users as they share information with mobile social applications is important for enhancing their experiences and improving the services provided. In this paper, we present an approach to studying users’ behaviour with the Experience Sampling Method, using a single mobile device to ask questions of users and simultaneously monitor their activities and contexts. While our approach presents benefits compared to traditional questionnaires, we also present the challenges faced, and the problems still to be explored.