Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Search for the lepton number violating decays B+→π−μ+μ+ and B+→K−μ+μ+.

A search is performed for the lepton number violating decay $B^{+}\to h^- \mu^+ \mu^+$, where $h^-$ represents a $K^-$ or a $\pi^-$, using data from the LHCb detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $36pb^{-1}$. The decay is forbidden in the Standard Model but allowed in models with a Majorana neutrino. No signal is observed in either channel and limits of $B(B^{+} \to K^- \mu^+ \mu^+) < 5.4\times 10^{-8}$ and $B(B^{+} \to \pi^- \mu^+ \mu^+) < 5.8\times 10^{-8}$ are set at the 95% confidence level. These improve the previous best limits by factors of 40 and 30, respectively.
Management of flaccid dysarthria in a case of attempted suicide by hanging

Abstract. Present study highlights a case of 26 year old male patient who was diagnosed as flaccid dysarthria due to delayed anoxic encephalopathy by attempting suicide through hanging. Assessment and management based on speech therapy has been emancipated. This case study concluded the importance of counseling and family centered approach regarding speech therapy outcome and alternative and augmentative communication (AAC). However, patient preferred verbal mode of communication and his lack of motivation failed the use of AAC with him. A composite therapy approach including traditional approaches, prosody and naturalness, increasing respiratory support along with visual biofeedback were used, which did not turned out to be effective. This dilemma to either direct therapy for verbal mode of communication which is not effective for the case or to use AAC needs further thinking and studies with more participants to find an appropriate solution which could lead us out of this impasse to some direction. Thus the challenge for speech therapists exists. Key words: Encephalopathy, anoxic encephalopathy, dysarthria, hyperkinetic dysarthria, flaccid dysarthria, hanging, suicidal attempt
The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. XII. The Discovery of Cepheids and a New Distance to NGC 2541

We report the detection of Cepheids and a new distance to the spiral galaxy NGC 2541, based on data obtained with the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). A total of 25 exposures (divided into 13 epochs) were obtained using the F555W filter (transformed to Johnson V), and nine exposures were obtained (divided into five epochs) using the F814W filter (transformed to Cousins I). Photometric reduction of the data is performed using two independent packages, DoPHOT and DAOPHOT II/ALLFRAME, which give very good agreement in the measured magnitudes. A total of 34 bona fide Cepheids, with periods ranging from 12 to over 60 days, are identified based on both sets of photometry. By fitting V and I period-luminosity relations, apparent distance moduli are derived assuming a Large Magellanic Cloud distance modulus and mean color excess of μLMC = 18.50 ± 0.10 mag and E(B-V) = 0.10 mag, respectively. Adopting A(V)/E(V-I) = 2.45, we obtain a true distance modulus to NGC 2541 of μ0 = 30.47 ± 0.11 (random) ± 0.12 (systematic) mag (D = 12.4 ± 0.6 [random] ± 0.7 [systematic] Mpc), and a total (Galactic plus internal) mean color excess E(B-V) = 0.08 ± 0.05 (internal error) mag.
A new Böhm-Vitense gap in the temperature range 5560 to 5610 K in the main sequence ,

Highly precise temperatures (σ = 10−15 K) have been determined from line depth ratios for a set of 248 F-K field dwarfs of about solar metallicity (−0.5 < (Fe/H) < +0.4), based on high resolution (R = 42 000), high S /N echelle spectra. A new gap has been discovered in the distribution of stars on the Main Sequence in the temperature range 5560 to 5610 K. This gap coincides with a jump in the microturbulent velocity Vt and the well-known Li depression near 5600 K in field dwarfs and open clusters. As the principal cause of the observed discontinuities in stellar properties we propose the penetration of the convective zone into the inner layers of stars slightly less massive than the Sun and related to it, a change in the temperature gradient.
Diagnostic histopathology of tumors

VOLUME 1: Introduction. Tumors of the Heart and Pericardium. Tumors of Blood Vessels and Lymphatics. Tumors of the Upper Respiratory Tract. Part A: Nose and Paranasal Sinuses. Part B: Larynx and Trachea. Tumors of the Lung and Pleura. Tumors of the Oral Cavity. Tumors of the Salivary Glands. Tumors of the Esophagus and Stomach. Tumors of the Small and Large Intestines (Including the Anal Region). Tumors of the Hepatobiliary System. Tumors of the Exocrine Pancreas. Tumors of the Urinary Tract. Tumors of the Female Genital Tract. Part A: Tumours of the Ovary. Part B: Tumours of the Fallopian Tubes and Broad Ligaments. Part C: Tumours of the Endometrium. Part D: Tumours of the Placenta. Part E: Tumours of Teh Myometrium. Part F: Tumours of the Cervix. Part G: Tumours of the Vagina. Part H: Tumours of the Vulva. Tumors and Tumorous Conditions of the Male Genital Tract. Part A: Tumours and Tumorous Conditions of the Prostate. Part B: Tumours and Tumourous Conditions of the Testis. Part C: Tumours and Tumorous Conditions of the Penis. Tumors of the Peritoneum. Tumors of the Breast VOLUME 2: Tumors of the Pituitary Gland. Tumors of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. Tumors of the Adrenal Glands. Tumors of the Endocrine Pancreas. Tumors of the Lymphoreticular System (Including Thymus). Tumors of the Hemopoietic System. Tumors of the Skin. Soft Tissue Tumors. Tumors of the Osteoarticular System. Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumors. Tumors of the Autonomic Nervous System (Including Paraganglia). Tumors of the Eye and Adnexae. Tumors of the Ear. Electron Microscopy in Tumor Diagnosis. Modern Techniques in Tumor Diagnosis Index
The ergonomics/human factors approach to health sciences libraries.

Abstract A review of the literature reveals scant information on the application of ergonomics to health sciences libraries. Ergonomics research has identified and validated many genuine health hazards in business offices and industrial settings. While appearing innocuous, the library environment is affected by these hazards. As sophisticated technology and machinery are introduced into libraries, the human factors must be considered. This paper examines the hazards of the library environment as identified through ergonomics research and makes recommendations for alleviating or eliminating these dangers.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array: Joint Contribution to the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017)

High-energy neutrinos, being neutral and weakly interacting particles, are powerful probes of the sites of production and acceleration of cosmic rays. The challenging discovery of cosmic neutrinos by the IceCube Collaboration has moved the ﬁeld closer to realizing the potential of neutrino astronomy. Meanwhile, ground-based cosmic ray detectors like the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array have reached an unprecedented accuracy in the determination of the features of the cosmic rays at the highest energies. We report on a collaborative effort between IceCube, the Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array to identify directional correlations between the arrival directions of the highest-energy cosmic rays from both hemispheres and of the most probable cosmic neutrino events detected by IceCube. We describe the updated results of two independent searches using seven years of IceCube neutrino data and the most energetic cosmic-ray events detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. The directional correlation found between UHECRs and neutrinos is reported with a signiﬁcance of ∼ 2 σ .
CANDELS+3D-HST: COMPACT SFGs AT z ∼ 2–3, THE PROGENITORS OF THE FIRST QUIESCENT GALAXIES

We analyze the star-forming and structural properties of 45 massive (log(M/M☉) >10) compact star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at 2 < z < 3 to explore whether they are progenitors of compact quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 2. The optical/NIR and far-IR Spitzer/Herschel colors indicate that most compact SFGs are heavily obscured. Nearly half (47%) host an X-ray-bright active galactic nucleus (AGN). In contrast, only about 10% of other massive galaxies at that time host AGNs. Compact SFGs have centrally concentrated light profiles and spheroidal morphologies similar to quiescent galaxies and are thus strikingly different from other SFGs, which typically are disk-like and sometimes clumpy or irregular. Most compact SFGs lie either within the star formation rate (SFR)–mass main sequence (65%) or below it (30%), on the expected evolutionary path toward quiescent galaxies. These results show conclusively that galaxies become more compact before they lose their gas and dust, quenching star formation. Using extensive HST photometry from CANDELS and grism spectroscopy from the 3D-HST survey, we model their stellar populations with either exponentially declining (τ) star formation histories (SFHs) or physically motivated SFHs drawn from semianalytic models (SAMs). SAMs predict longer formation timescales and older ages ∼2 Gyr, which are nearly twice as old as the estimates of the τ models. Both models yield good spectral energy distribution fits, indicating that the systematic uncertainty in the age due to degeneracies in the SFH is of that order of magnitude. However, SAM SFHs better match the observed slope and zero point of the SFR–mass main sequence. Contrary to expectations, some low-mass compact SFGs (log(M/M☉) =10–10.6) have younger ages but lower specific SFRs than that of more massive galaxies, suggesting that the low-mass galaxies reach the red sequence faster. If the progenitors of compact SFGs are extended SFGs, state-of-the-art SAMs show that mergers and disk instabilities (DIs) are both able to shrink galaxies, but DIs are more frequent (60% versus 40%) and form more concentrated galaxies. We confirm this result via high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations.
Dopamine receptor subtypes functional regulation in insulin induced hypoglycemic neonatal rats: effect of glucose, bacopa monnieri and bacoside a resuscitation

s Presented 1. Ajayan M S, Anju T R, Roshni B T, Paulose C S. Gymnemic acid mediated neuronal survival in the cerebral cortex of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats-Muscarinic Receptor subtypes functional regulation. National Conference on Current Advances in Biotechnology & Annual Meeting of Society Of Biotechnologist (India). Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati (Maharashtra). November 25-26, 2013. 2. Roshni Baby Thomas, Shilpa Joy, Naijil George, C.S. Paulose. "Dopamine D1 Receptor Down Regulation And Enhanced Bax Expression In Neonatal Hypoglycemic Rat Cerebral Cortex: Glucose, Bacoside A, Bacopa monnieri–Resusitation and Functional Recovery”. National seminar on emerging trends in Biotechnology and Annual meeting of Society for Biotechnologists, India , Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur (Sept. 24 – 26, 2011) 3. Shilpa Joy, Roshni Baby Thomas, C. S. Paulose. SOD, Bax and MAT 2A functional regulation in partially hepatectomised rats: GABA chitosan nanoparticles induced hepatocyte proliferation. Cochin Nano, IMA hall, Cochin (August 14-17, 2011) 4. Roshni Baby Thomas, Anju T.R. , Chinthu Romeo, C.S. Paulose. ‘Cortical muscarinic receptor subtypes down regulation and enhanced Bax expression in hypoxic neonatal rats: An induced cognitive impairment’. Innovations in Biotechnology, SRM University, Chennai, (October, 2010).
Causes of Variation Orders in Road Construction Projects in Sri Lanka

One of the most important problems in the construction industry is variations. They occur in every construction project and the magnitude of these variations varies considerably from project to project. Hence, the variations orders bear great importance right from the inception to completion in the construction industry. Most of the road construction projects in Sri Lanka have experienced a large number of variation orders. The client had to spend more than what was initially estimated in most cases. Sometimes, disputes and unnecessary delays occur due to variations. This study attempted to reveal the possible causes of variation orders in the road construction projects in Sri Lanka. The data were collected through a literature review, a case study analysis focused on 11 road construction projects, and a questionnaire administered to professionals in the road construction industry in Sri Lanka. The study found out that the causes in the local context differ from those in the international context. According to the questionnaire survey, poor estimation was the most significant cause of variation orders. Unforeseen site conditions, political pressure during construction stage, poor investigation, and client-initiated variations occupy the 2nd to 5th places, respectively, in the ranking. This ranking was further proven through the case study analysis.
Statistical Mechanics of gravitating systems in static and cosmological backgrounds

This pedagogical review addresses several issues related to statistical description of gravitating systems in both static and expanding backgrounds, focusing on the latter. After brieﬂy reviewing the results for the static background, I describe the key issues and recent progress in the context of gravitational clustering of collision-less particles in an expanding universe. The questions addressed include: (a) How does the power injected into the system at a given wave number spread to smaller and larger scales? (b) How does the power spectrum of density ﬂuctuations behave asymptotically at late times? (c) What are the universal characteristics of gravitational clustering that are independent of the initial conditions and manifest at the late time evolution of the system? The review is intended for non cosmologists and will be of interest to people working in ﬂuid mechanics, non linear dynamics and condensed matter physics.
The Marginalized $\delta$-GLMB Filter

The multi-target Bayes filter proposed by Mahler is a principled solution to recursive Bayesian tracking based on RFS or FISST. The δ-GLMB filter is an exact closed form solution to the multi-target Bayes recursion which yields joint state and label or trajectory estimates in the presence of clutter, missed detections and association uncertainty. Due to presence of explicit data associations in the δ-GLMB filter, the number of components in the posterior grows without bound in time. In this work we propose an efficient approximation to the δ-GLMB filter which preserves both the PHD and cardinality distribution of the labeled posterior. This approximation also facilitates efficient multi-sensor tracking with detection-based measurements. Simulation results are presented to verify the proposed approach. Index Terms RFS, FISST, δ-GLMB filter, LMB filter, PHD
On $k$-gonal loci in Severi varieties on general $K3$ surfaces and rational curves on hyperk\"ahler manifolds (first version, superseded by arXiv:1204.4838)

In this paper we study the gonality of the normalizations of curves in the linear system $|H|$ of a general primitively polarized $K3$ surface $(S,H)$ of genus $p$. We prove two main results. First we give a necessary condition on $p, g, k$ for the existence of a curve in $|H|$ with geometric genus $g$ whose normalization has a $g^ 1_k$. Secondly we prove that for $p$ even and all numerical cases compatible with the above necessary condition, there is a family of \emph{nodal} curves $|H|$ with the given $g,k$ and of dimension equal to the \emph{expected dimension} $\min\{2(k-1),g\}$. For odd $p$ the result is only slightly less sharp. Relations with the Mori cone of the hyperkahler manifold $\Hilb^ k(S)$ and with conjectures by Hassett-Tschinkel and by Huybrechts-Sawon are discussed. This version is superseded by the new submission arXiv:1204.4838 where Theorem 0.1 is improved to include the missing case and the degeneration argument in its proof is made considerably simpler. Since the degeneration argument in the present version is of a different type, and may be useful for other purposes, we choose to keep this submission as well.
Thermal Fractionalization of Quantum Spins in a Kitaev Model: Coherent Transport of Majorana Fermions and $T$-linear Specific Heat

Finite-temperature ($T$) properties of a Kitaev model defined on a honeycomb lattice are investigated by a quantum Monte Carlo simulation, from the viewpoint of fractionalization of quantum $S=1/2$ spins into two types of Majorana fermions, itinerant and localized. In this system, the entropy is released successively at two well-separated $T$ scales, as a clear indication of the thermal fractionalization. We show that the high-$T$ crossover, which is driven by itinerant Majorana fermions, is closely related with the development of nearest-neighbor spin correlations. On the other hand, the low-$T$ crossover originates in thermal fluctuations of fluxes composed of localized Majorana fermions, by which the spectrum of itinerant Majorana fermions is significantly disturbed. As a consequence, in the intermediate-$T$ range, the system exhibits coherent transport of Majorana fermions and $T$-linear behavior in the specific heat, despite the Dirac semimetallic spectrum in the low-$T$ limit. We also show that the flux fluctuations affect the gapless-gapped phase boundary. Our results indicate that the fractionalization is experimentally observable in spin correlations, specific heat, and transport properties.
Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on postmenopausal stress

Background: Menopause increases stress level among females and this may be a contributing factor in developing metabolic syndrome. Objectives: The objective of this study is to study the effects of progressive muscle relaxation on cardiorespiratory efficiency and autonomic functions in over weight and obese working stressed postmenopausal females. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 postmenopausal overweight or obese (body mass index [BMI]: 24.97 ± 1.28) females belonging to the age group 50-55 years were included. Stress level in the subjects was assessed according to the presumptive life event stress scale. The perceived stress scale (PSS) of Sheldon Cohen was used for measuring the perception of stress. Fasting blood samples were collected to exclude diabetic subjects and analyze lipid profile. BMI and waist/hip ratio were calculated. Resting pulse rate and blood pressure, respiratory rate were measured. VO 2 max, physical fitness index, breath holding time and 40 mm endurance test time were calculated for estimation of cardiopulmonary efficiency. Autonomic function tests were carried. Subjects were given progressive muscle relaxation training for 3 months and all parameters were reevaluated. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). Results: PSS in pre-training session was 26.16 ± 1.7 and in post-training session was 14.33 ± 2.01 and the difference was statistically significant. There was a significant decrease in pulse rate, blood pressure, BMI, waist/hip ratio, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein following preventive medicine residency training. Results of autonomic function tests and cardiopulmonary efficiency test improved significantly following relaxation training. Conclusions: Increased stress levels may increase BMI and waist/hip ratio, dyslipidemia and lead to autonomic dysfunctions and increase incidence of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal females. Lifestyle modification with relaxation exercises decreases stress levels and improves autonomic functions, cardiopulmonary efficiency, and lipid profile.
A HYDRODYNAMICAL HOMOTOPY CO-MOMENTUM MAP AND A MULTISYMPLECTIC INTERPRETATION OF HIGHER-ORDER LINKING NUMBERS

Abstract In this paper a homotopy co-momentum map (à la Callies, Frégier, Rogers and Zambon) transgressing to the standard hydrodynamical co-momentum map of Arnol’d, Marsden, Weinstein and others is constructed and then generalized to a special class of Riemannian manifolds. Also, a covariant phase space interpretation of the coadjoint orbits associated to the Euler evolution for perfect fluids, and in particular of Brylinski’s manifold of smooth oriented knots, is discussed. As an application of the above homotopy co-momentum map, a reinterpretation of the (Massey) higher-order linking numbers in terms of conserved quantities within the multisymplectic framework is provided and knot-theoretic analogues of first integrals in involution are determined.
The role of major mergers in shaping galaxies at 2

Context. The mass assembly of galaxies can proceed through different physical processes. Here we report on the spectroscopic identification of close physical pairs of galaxies at redshi fts 2. z< 4 and discuss the impact of major mergers in shaping galaxies at these early cosmological times. Aims. We aim to identify and characterize close physical pairs of galaxies destined to merge and use their properties to infer t he contribution of merging processes to the early mass assembly of galaxies. Methods. We search for galaxy pairs with a transverse separation rp ≤ 25 h −1 kpc and a velocity differencev≤ 500 km s −1 using the VIMOS VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) and early data from the VIMOSUltra Deep Survey (VUDS) that comprise a sample of 1111 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts measurements at redshifts 1.8≤ z≤ 4 in the COSMOS, ECDFS, and VVDS-02h fields. We analyse their spectra and associated visible and near-infr ared photometry to assess the main properties of merging galaxies that have an average stellar mass M⋆ = 2.3× 10 10 M⊙ at these redshifts. Results. Using the 12 physical pairs found in our sample we obtain a firs t estimate of the merger fraction at these rdshifts, fmerg∼ (15− 20)%. The pair separations indicate that these pairs will merge within 1 Gyr, on average, with each producing a more massive galaxy by the time the cosmic star formation peaks at z∼ 1− 2. From the average mass ratio between galaxies in the pairs, the stellar mass of the resulting galaxy after merging will be∼ 60% larger than the most massive galaxy in the pair before merging. We conclude that major merging of galaxy pairs is on-going at 2. z< 4 and significantly contributing to the major assembly phase of galaxies at this early epoch.
2003 Swiss Re Blood Pressure Study of Insured Lives

Abstract Blood pressure, one of the most important mortality risk factors, is a common life insurance underwriting tool for classification of preferred, standard, and substandard risks. In order to assess changes in mortality risk associated with blood pressure since the last major intercompany study, Swiss Re’s Research & Development and Medical Departments conducted a longitudinal study of blood pressure readings collected at the time of policy issue. Mortality risk associated with different blood pressure levels on nearly 300,000 life insurance policies issued without any other ratable impairments was evaluated. The study cohort was formed by policies issued from 1975 through 2001, which generated over 8,600 claims within the study period. Univariate and bivariate blood pressure mortality results are shown along with results for other key covariates (sex, smoking status, issue year period, policy duration, and cardiovascular family history) for a subset of the cohort that had blood pressure readings of 120/80 mm Hg or lower.
What causes the increase in aggregation as a parasite moves up a food chain?

General laws in ecological parasitology are scarce. Here we evaluate data published by over 100 authors to determine whether the number of hosts in a life cycle is associated with the degree of aggregation of fish parasites at different stages. Parasite species were grouped taxonomically to produce 20 or more data points per group as far as possible. Most parasites that remained at one trophic level were less aggregated than those that had passed up a food chain. We use a stochastic model to show that high parasite overdispersion in predators can be solely the result of the accumulation of parasites in their prey. The model is further developed to show that a change in the predators feeding behaviour with age may further increase parasite aggregation.