Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facet Joint Pain in Chronic Spinal Pain: An Evaluation of Prevalence and False-positive Rate of Diagnostic Blocks

Study Design A retrospective review. Objectives Evaluation of the prevalence of facet or zygapophysial joint pain in chronic spinal pain of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar origin by using controlled, comparative local anesthetic blocks and evaluation of false-positive rates of single blocks in the diagnosis of chronic spinal pain of facet joint origin. Summary of Background Data Facet or zygapophysial joints are clinically important sources of chronic cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine pain. The previous studies have demonstrated the value and validity of controlled, comparative local anesthetic blocks in the diagnosis of facet joint pain, with a prevalence of 15% to 67% variable in lumbar, thoracic, and cervical regions. False-positive rates of single diagnostic blocks also varied from 17% to 63%. Methods Five hundred consecutive patients receiving controlled, comparative local anesthetic blocks of medial branches for the diagnosis of facet or zygapophysial joint pain were included. Patients were investigated with diagnostic blocks using 0.5 mL of 1% lidocaine per nerve. Patients with lidocaine-positive results were further studied using 0.5 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine per nerve on a separate occasion. Medial branch blocks were performed with intermittent fluoroscopic visualization, at 2 levels to block a single joint. A positive response was considered as one with at least 80% pain relief from a block of at least 2 hours duration when lidocaine was used, and at least 3 hours or longer than the duration of relief with lidocaine when bupivacaine was used, and also the ability to perform prior painful movements. Results A total of 438 patients met inclusion criteria. The prevalence of facet joint pain was 39% in the cervical spine [95% confidence interval (CI), 32%-45%]; 34% (95% CI, 22%-47%) in the thoracic pain; and 27% (95% CI, 22%-33%) in the lumbar spine. The false-positive rate with a single block in the cervical region was 45%, in the thoracic region was 42%, and in the lumbar region 45%. Conclusions This retrospective review once again confirmed the significant prevalence of facet joint pain in chronic spinal pain.
L1 cell adhesion molecule as a predictor for recurrence in pulmonary carcinoids and large‐cell neuroendocrine tumors

Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors are a distinct subset of neoplasms with indolent to aggressive behavior. This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic role of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. We retrospectively analyzed L1 expression in 55 cases of completely resected carcinoids and large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, by the immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody A10‐A3 against human L1. L1 immunoreactivity was detected in 34 (61.8%) of 55 specimens. There was a significant correlation between L1 expression and the World Health Organization classification of this tumor (Spearman rank correlation, ρ=0.60, p<0.001). With median follow‐up of 52.0 months, the 5‐year survival rate for patients with low expression of L1 (<20% of tumor cells stained) was significantly better compared with those with high expression of L1 (82.6% vs. 43.7%, p=0.005). L1 was also a significant independent predictor of disease‐free survival, and patients with high L1 expression have a higher risk for recurrence compared with those with low L1 expression (hazard ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–8.3; p=0.034). L1 expression is significantly associated with aggressiveness and further studies with larger samples are needed to validate potential prognostic value for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.
Postpartum depression among immigrant women

Purpose of review Although there has been an increase in research on postpartum depression (PPD), an inadequate focus has been placed on immigrant women. This is a significant limitation given the rapidly changing demographics in North America. Recent findings Immigrants face unique and multiple layers of challenges that may compromise their mental health and prevent them from receiving adequate and equitable care. For immigrant women, many of these stressors are especially compounded in the vulnerable postpartum period, resulting in PPD. Cultural values and practices may be protective in some instances, whereas in other instances they exacerbate PPD. There is a significant gap in existing literature regarding the complex psychosocial, cultural, and spiritual factors that may moderate the effects of the depression. Furthermore, the measurement of PPD is hampered by cross-cultural methodological challenges. Summary Given the complexity of the psychosocial issues facing immigrant women, there is a need to develop a comprehensive response toward addressing the multifaceted challenges, ensuring equitable immigration and related policies; adequate community resources and social services to address social determinants of health; inclusiveness in public health and prevention strategies; equitable access to a culturally competent healthcare system; capacity building of marginalized communities; and culturally competent interventions at the individual level. Additional research using the bidimensional model of acculturation is needed.
Mimosa Origami: A nanostructure-enabled directional self-organization regime of materials

Mimosa Origami: Large-scale dynamic self-assembly of soft materials powered by capillary-driven propagation of a pinpoint stimulus. One of the innate fundamentals of living systems is their ability to respond toward distinct stimuli by various self-organization behaviors. Despite extensive progress, the engineering of spontaneous motion in man-made inorganic materials still lacks the directionality and scale observed in nature. We report the directional self-organization of soft materials into three-dimensional geometries by the rapid propagation of a folding stimulus along a predetermined path. We engineer a unique Janus bilayer architecture with superior chemical and mechanical properties that enables the efficient transformation of surface energy into directional kinetic and elastic energies. This Janus bilayer can respond to pinpoint water stimuli by a rapid, several-centimeters-long self-assembly that is reminiscent of the Mimosa pudica’s leaflet folding. The Janus bilayers also shuttle water at flow rates up to two orders of magnitude higher than traditional wicking-based devices, reaching velocities of 8 cm/s and flow rates of 4.7 μl/s. This self-organization regime enables the ease of fabricating curved, bent, and split flexible channels with lengths greater than 10 cm, demonstrating immense potential for microfluidics, biosensors, and water purification applications.
Attitudes and expectations about music therapy for premature infants among staff in a neonatal intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND Music appears to reduce stress in premature infants, but little is known about the attitudes and expectations about music among clinicians caring for these infants. The study questions were: a) would staff like to have music played in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), b) would they prefer live to recorded music, and c) how would their attitudes be affected by their profession and experience? DESIGN Cross sectional survey of NICU staff in the winter of 2003. METHODS Eligible subjects were 37 physicians and 150 nurses and other clinical staff in the NICU. After pilot testing and revision, the self-administered questionnaires contained 57 Likert type or multiple choice items. They were distributed by e-mail and in staff mailboxes with two reminders. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and logistic regression. RESULTS The response rate was 75%. Most were nurses and 27 were MD's. Most (84%) were female and most (70%) reported some previous musical training. The majority (68%) agreed that they would like to have music played in the NICU. Most agreed that music could reduce stress (86%) and crying (79%) and improve sleep (79%) in premature infants. Recorded was preferred to live music by more than 2:1. Attitudes were significantly associated with prior musical training, experience, and profession. CONCLUSIONS NICU staff holds favorable attitudes toward music for premature infants. Music's effects on caregiver attitudes, mood and behavior may contribute to its impact on infants. Evaluation of the effects of music on infants needs to account for caregiver's expectations and behavior as well as direct effects on infants' physiology.
"What I Did Last Summer": Minority College Students' Perceptions of Their Participation in a Summer Research Program.

The Summer Pre-Graduate Research Experience at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) was established in 1988 for the purpose of contributing to an increase in the number of underrepresented minority students pursuing graduate degrees. Each summer, students convene at UNC-CH to participate in a 10-week summer research program. The students are paired with UNC-CH faculty members who serve as the students research preceptors. The results of an evaluation completed by 96 students show that the majority of participants had positive perceptions of the program, and most felt that it stimulated a desire to pursue graduate studies. (Contains 3 figures and 12 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. What I Did Last Summer 1 Running head: What I Did Last Summer: Minority College Students' Perceptions "What I Did Last Summer": Minority College Students' Perceptions of Their Participation in a Summer Research Program Keonya C. Booker, M.Ed. and Henry T. Frierson, Ph.D. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 534iis document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. CI Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. ° Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OEFII position or policy.
Methionine metabolism and phenotypic variability in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

A combined genotype of polymorphisms of methionine metabolism has been associated with CNS demyelination in methotrexate-treated patients. Within a sample of 86 patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, this genotype was overrepresented in a subgroup of 15 patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) with CNS demyelination (adrenoleukomyeloneuropathy) in comparison to 49 AMN patients without CNS demyelination (“pure” AMN; p = 0.002), suggesting that methionine metabolism might contribute to the phenotypic variability in adrenoleukodystrophy.
Systematic Approach to Examine the Strain Effect on the Critical Current of Nb$_{3}$ Sn Cable-in-Conduit-Conductors

In the cable-in-conduit-conductor (CICC) design of the toroidal field system for the international thermonuclear reactor (ITER) Nb3Sn is used as superconductor material. Considering the single strand performance, the crucial characteristic is the strain dependence of the critical current. Within this context, the performance of the CICC under strain is determined by the behaviour of the single strands and additional effects related to the manufacturing process. In the framework of the European fusion technology program a task has been started to investigate single strands as well as sub-size CICC performance using different cable layouts (9, 45 and 180 strands). For this systematic approach, parameters such as the void fraction, the number of pure copper strands, the void fraction or the cabling pattern have been varied. To examine the critical properties in detail, the available test facility, consisting of two experimental setups, is capable to measure the strain dependence in magnetic fields up to 14 T at 4.2 K, by applying an axial load to the samples. Measurements on such sub-size CICC samples are presented and compared to the expected performance.
Criticism of Drinking as Informal Social Control: A Study in 18 Countries

The focus is on informal control of drinking, indicated by criticism of people in the social network on someone's alcohol consumption. Country and gender differences in the extent drinkers suffering from typical symptoms of heavy or prolonged alcohol use report informal control from others (reactive informal control), and country and gender differences in the extent comments on someone's drinking are (also) directed at those who do not suffer from these symptoms (proactive informal control) were studies. Data from 18 general population surveys, selected from an integrated dataset on drinking and drinking-related factors including more than 35 countries. Results show that men suffering from typical symptoms of heavy or prolonged alcohol use are more likely to be criticized than equivalent women (reactive control). Irrespective of gender, reactive informal control is more prevalent in poorer countries and in countries with a high proportion of abstainers. Concerning proactive control, among women a larger part of criticism appeared to be directed at those who (as yet) do not suffer from symptoms typical for heavy or prolonged alcohol use. There is a lot of variation between countries in pro-active informal control. This variation is only weakly related to prosperity of a country but not to its proportion of abstainers.
Menstrual concerns and intrauterine contraception among adolescent bariatric surgery patients.

OBJECTIVE Adolescent obesity has dramatically increased in recent decades, and along with that so have other medical comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and pseudotumor cerebri. Obesity and related comorbidites may be contraindications to hormonal contraception, making contraception counseling of morbidly obese adolescents more challenging. Obese adolescent females seeking bariatric surgery need effective contraception in the postoperative period. This study is designed to determine the acceptance rate of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (IUD) and describe common menstrual problems in obese adolescent bariatric surgery patients. METHODS This is a historic cohort study of adolescent females who underwent bariatric surgery over a 2-year period at a tertiary referral center for pediatric obesity. Data were systematically abstracted. The percent of patients with menstrual problems and the acceptance rate for the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD were determined. RESULTS Twenty-five adolescents met inclusion criteria. The mean age was 17.4 years (standard deviation [SD] 2.6), and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 51.4 (SD 6.3) kg/m(2). Eighty-four percent were white. Twenty-eight percent had menorrhagia, 32% had oligomenorrhea, 40% had dysmenorrhea, and 36% had PCOS. Ninety-two percent (23 of 25) underwent IUD placement. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of menstrual problems among this sample of severely obese adolescent females. The majority accepted the IUD, indicating it is a viable option among this population.
The Impact of CEFTA agreement on its members' export flows

By using a panel dataset of 71 countries over the years 1990-2014, this thesis investigates the impact of Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) on its members’ export flows. CEFTA Agreement is a multilateral free trade agreement facilitated by the European Union with the objective of helping Central and Eastern European countries integrate further towards the EU. Having been signed firstly by Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic in 1992, it is the first free trade agreement after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Later on these countries were joined by Slovenia, Romania, Bulgaria and Croatia. Because most of these countries joined the EU in the mid 2000s, another seven countries signed CEFTA in 2006 and 2007. These countries are Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Moldova and Serbia. Multiple fixed effects estimators are employed to control for unobserved heterogeneity in country-pairs, countries and country-year combinations. We find that CEFTA has had a positive impact on its members’ export flows. For instance, a robustness check is made by using TRADHIST dataset which was acquired from CEPII Institute. According to the estimates obtained by carrying out the same tests with two different datasets, the results that CEFTA has had a positive impact are very robust. Finally, we test a second hypothesis; has CEFTA1992 been more beneficial for its members than CEFTA2006-7? The results are quite ambiguous, but after using country-pair fixed effects on top of country-year fixed effects, we suggest that CEFTA1992 has indeed been more positively impactful.
Sexual coercion and reproductive health: A focus on research

Gender-based violence has a direct impact on a range of womens reproductive health problems including adolescent pregnancy high-risk sexual behavior sexually transmitted diseases neonatal and maternal mortality and chronic pelvic pain. To facilitate integration of these two areas the Population Councils Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health and the Health and Development Policy Project met together in November 1993. It has been demonstrated that women who have been sexually abused as children are at increased risk of early initiation of intercourse multiple partners unprotected sex prostitution drug and alcohol abuse depression and low self-esteem. Although most societies condemn incest and forced intercourse with an unmarried virgin coerced sex within marriage or with a sexually experienced woman may be tolerated. The general paucity of research on coerced sex reflects the more general avoidance of issues of gender and power. Seminar participants identified six priority areas for research: sociocultural contexts that shape and support sexual coercion; the integration of questions on sexual violence into ongoing research on AIDS sexuality and reproductive health in order to gain prevalence data; the cultural meanings attached to sexual trauma; the physical and psychological consequences of sexual coercion; processes within the criminal justice legal media and medical care systems that perpetuate sexual victimization; and effective interventions.
Ethics in a short white coat: the ethical dilemmas that medical students confront

Many existing ethics curricula fail to address the subtle yet critical ethical issues that medical students confront daily. The authors report on the kinds of dilemmas students face as clinical clerks, using cases that students submitted in 1991–92 during an innovative and well-received ethics class given at a tertiary care hospital as part of the internal medicine clerkship. Analysis of these cases reveals that many dilemmas are intimately tied to the student's unique role on the medical health care team. Recurring themes included the student's pursuit of experience, differing degrees of knowledge and ignorance among team members, and dealing with disagreement within the hierarchical authority structure of the medical team. The authors conclude that some components of ethical education must be participant-driven and developmentally stage-specific, focusing more attention on the kinds of ethical decisions made by medical students as opposed to those made by residents or practicing physicians.
Prevalence of oral lesions in the 6-year-old pediatric population of Oviedo (Spain).

OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the prevalence of oral diseases in children in the city of Oviedo (Spain). METHODS A representative sample was selected from among the 6-year-old children in Oviedo (n= 786), involving a protocol developed for pediatric oral diseases. RESULTS A total of 344 lesions were detected in 243 children. The most common disorder was saburral tongue (16,02%), followed by traumatisms (12.17%) and geographic tongue (4.48%). The prevalence of aphthous stomatitis was 2.24% and herpes labialis was 1,6%. Ankyloglossia was observed in 2.08% of cases, and a hypertrophic lip frenulum in 1.28%. CONCLUSIONS In this study shows the prevalence of the lesions of the oral mucosa in the Spanish population of 6 year-old. Of the results of the present study comes off that the objectives sanitary oral publics and deprived in this field they should go focused toward: 1) the eradication of illnesses of local cause (language saburral, traumatic ulcerations, etc.) for their high prevalencia; and, 2) the precocious diagnosis of anomalies of the development (anquiloglosias and labial frenum) for their relationship with dysfunctions of the phonation and future malocclusions.
Probing the human kinome for kinases involved in pancreatic cancer cell survival and gemcitabine resistance

Except for gemcitabine, chemotherapeutic agents are ineffective with pancreatic adenocarcinoma because this cancer is resistant to apoptosis induction. Involvement of specific kinases in such resistance is likely. We developed a systematic strategy to screen the human kinome and select kinases whose inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells can increase 1) spontaneous apoptosis or 2) gemcitabine‐induced apoptosis. The pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line MiaPaCa‐2 was transfected with 645 pairs of siRNAs directed to all human kinases. The same experiment was conducted in cells treated with 150 µM gemcitabine. Apoptosis was measured after 2 days and the results were normalized for cell viability. A panel of 56 kinases whose inhibition increased spontaneous apoptosis by at least 50% was established. Ten of them gave similar results on Panc1 and BxPC3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. A panel of 83 kinases whose inhibition increased gemcitabine‐induced apoptosis by 50% or more was also established. Twelve kinases appeared in both panels. A cumulative increase in apoptosis was observed when inhibiting simultaneously several kinases. Such a systematic approach allowed characterization of all kinases involved in pancreatic cancer cell survival and resistance to gemcitabine. Inhibitors of these kinases, used alone or in combination, might improve the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. ‐Giroux, V. , Iovanna, J., Dagorn, J‐C. Probing the human kinome for kinases involved in pancreatic cancer cell survival and gemcitabine resistance. FASEB J. 20, 1982–1991 (2006)
Exporting and Foreign Ownership in Indonesian Manufacturing, 1990-2000

Foreign plants usually accounted for disproportionately large shares of exports in Indonesian manufacturing industries and exports of heavily-foreign plants (foreign ownership shares of 90-100 per cent) grew conspicuously after the early-1990s. Foreign plants usually had significantly higher export propensities than local plants, although accounting for variation in factor intensities, size, and vintage reduced the differences. Heavily-foreign plants tended to have the highest export propensities, but differences among foreign ownership groups were statistically insignificant in half of the cases examined. Statistically significant differences among foreign plants were concentrated in heavily-foreign plants in textiles, plastics, basic metals, metal products, and electric and precision machinery during the mid- to late-1990s.