Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF WORDS OF MOUTH ON CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR OF JORDANIAN CUSTOMERS

Word of mouth (WOM) is a vital source of marketplace information for consumers, but a few studies about the underlying drivers of word-of-mouth behavior from the perspective of the potential communicator. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between word of mouth through (family, friends, and experts), subjective norm, and consumer purchasing behavior in Jordan. The data was collected from consumers in Jordan. Of the 500 consumer participating in the 20-questions, face-to-face intercept survey, 400 or about 85% responded. After dropping incomplete questionnaires, 400 usable responses were analyzed using SPSS. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between word of mouth through (family, friends, and experts), subjective norm, and consumer purchasing behavior. Results showed significant, positive relationships between word of mouth through (family, friends, and experts), subjective norm, and consumer purchasing behavior. Finally, age, and gender was found to Moderator the relationship between word of mouth through (family, friends, and experts), and consumer purchasing behavior. Also, Implications of this work and directions for future research are discussed.
Supposed pronounced ecophenotypy in foraminifera

The use of the term ecophenotype in the literature on foraminifera is confused and misleading. The results of tank experiments, held to demonstrate that extensive morphological variation occurs, beyond what is normally regarded as specific, and is environmentally determined, can be otherwise explained. The suggestion that the Ammonia beccarii group should be reduced to three ‘forms’ and that even the type is an ecophenotype should therefore be treated with reserve.
MOST detects variability on τ Bootis A possibly induced by its planetary companion

Context. There is considerable interest in the possible interaction between parent stars and giant planetary companions in 51 Peg-type systems. Aims. We shall demonstrate from MOST satellite photometry and Ca II K line emission that there has been a persistent, variable region on the surface of τ Boo A, which tracked its giant planetary companion for some 440 planetary revolutions and lies ~68° ($\phi=0.8$) in advance of the sub-planetary point. Methods. The light curves are folded on a range of periods centered on the planetary orbital period, and phase-dependent variability is quantified by Fourier methods and by the mean absolute deviation (MAD) of the folded data for both the photometry and the Ca II K line reversals. Results. The region varies in brightness on the time scale of a rotation by ~1 mmag. In 2004 it resembled a dark spot of variable depth, while in 2005 it varied between bright and dark. The 2004 light curve gives a spot rotation period of $3.5 \pm0.7$ d compared to the known planetary orbital period of 3.3125 d. The amplitude spectrum of the 2005 light curve shows no marked peak at the orbital period but the mean absolute deviation (MAD) of the light curve has a well-defined maximum (half width ~0.15 d) centered on the orbital frequency. Over the 123 planetary orbits spanned by the photometry, the variable region detected in 2004 and in 2005 are synchronized to the planetary orbital period within 0.0015 d. The Ca II K line in 2001, 2002, and 2003 also shows enhanced K-line variability centered on $\phi=0.8$, extending coverage to some 440 planetary revolutions. Conclusions. The apparently constant rotation period of the variable region and its rapid variation make an explanation in terms of conventional star spots unlikely. The lack of complementary variability at $\phi=0.3$ and the detection of the variable region so far in advance of the sub-planetary point excludes tidal excitation, but the combined photometric and Ca II K line reversal results make a good case for an active region induced magnetically on the surface of τ Boo A by its planetary companion.
Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals

Significance Navigating a 3D world requires sensitivity to motion in depth. The human visual system extracts two stereoscopic cues to motion in depth but little is known about the visual pathways that support their computation. Here, we show that achromatic inputs drive a 3D motion signal computed from slow changes in binocular disparity. However, the other 3D motion signal, based on interocular velocity differences, may draw preferentially on information carried by the evolutionarily ancient koniocellular pathway. Paradoxically, this pathway is thought to be far less sensitive to both motion and stereoscopic depth, yet, we find evidence for its involvement in the extraction of motion through depth. Our findings demonstrate an unanticipated role for the koniocellular pathway in a fundamental perceptual mechanism. Motion in depth (MID) can be cued by high-resolution changes in binocular disparity over time (CD), and low-resolution interocular velocity differences (IOVD). Computational differences between these two mechanisms suggest that they may be implemented in visual pathways with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Here, we used fMRI to examine how achromatic and S-cone signals contribute to human MID perception. Both CD and IOVD stimuli evoked responses in a widespread network that included early visual areas, parts of the dorsal and ventral streams, and motion-selective area hMT+. Crucially, however, we measured an interaction between MID type and chromaticity. fMRI CD responses were largely driven by achromatic stimuli, but IOVD responses were better driven by isoluminant S-cone inputs. In our psychophysical experiments, when S-cone and achromatic stimuli were matched for perceived contrast, participants were equally sensitive to the MID in achromatic and S-cone IOVD stimuli. In comparison, they were relatively insensitive to S-cone CD. These findings provide evidence that MID mechanisms asymmetrically draw on information in precortical pathways. An early opponent motion signal optimally conveyed by the S-cone pathway may provide a substantial contribution to the IOVD mechanism.
Behavioural and Sociodemographic Determinants of Oral Health-related Quality of Life Among Adolescents in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

PURPOSE To identify and assess the predictors of oral impacts on daily performance among adolescents in Zanzibar, Tanzania. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study among primary school pupils. A single stage cluster sampling design was used. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire which inquired about sociodemographics, oral impacts on daily performance and oral health related behaviours. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 was used for data analysis using chi-squared statistics and standardized logistic regression. The level of significance was set at p ˂ 0.05. RESULTS A total of 682 pupils aged 12 to 17 years participated in the study. 45.6% of the participants had at least one oral impact, the most common being difficulties in eating (27.9%). Statistically significantly more participants who reported eating between-meal sugared snacks (52.8%) or those who had visited a dentist (55.6%) reported oral impacts on daily performance, compared to their complimentary groups, which did not. The participants who reported having visited a dental clinic were 1.7 times more likely to report having an impact on daily performance than those who had not been to a dentist. CONCLUSION The prevalence of oral impacts on daily performance was high among the adolescents in the current study. The oral impacts were associated more with behaviour than social differences. Having had a dental visit influenced the oral impacts on daily performances.
THE EFFECT OF THE BEND ON TECHNIQUE AND PERFORMANCE DURING MAXIMAL SPEED SPRINTING

For 200 and 400 m races half of the race is run around the bend. This study aimed to understand the changes in kinematics that occur during maximal effort bend sprinting. Velocity reduction (5%) on the bend compared to the straight was, for the left step, mainly due to increased (20%) touchdown distance and some angular kinematics changes which led to increased contact time and reduced step frequency. During the right step, performance dropped mainly due to a reduction in step length. It is likely that changes caused by inward lean, to counteract moments caused by centripetal forces, on the bend contributed to detrimental changes in sagittal plane kinematics (e.g. knee flexion at touchdown) normally associated with superior performance in sprinting. Similar to straight sprinting, reduced touchdown distance could hold the key to improve bend performance.
A high genetic diversity revealed between commercial rose cultivars by RAPD-PCR technique

Genetic diversity between fifteen commercial cultivars of rose were evaluated, using Ten decamer primers (A-J). All primers detected polymorphism among the cultivars. In total, 126 bands were produced, 73 of which were polymorphic. Primers E and F produced the highest, while primer H produced the lowest number of bands. The percentage of polymorphic bands ranged from 37% to 81% with an average of 63.9%. The average number of polymorphic bands produced was 7.3 per primer. Only the amplified DNA fragments ranging in size between 220 to 3000 bp were used for statistical analyses. Cluster analysis based on the presence or absence of bands was performed by Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, based on Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA). Genetic similarity ranged between 0.12 to 0.53. The dendrogram revealed two main clusters. Each cluster was divided into subgroups. This investigation showed that genetic diversity was relatively considerable among these cultivars. Also, the results propose that RAPD marker is a useful tool for evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships amongst different rose cultivars.
Potential Industrial Production of a Well-Soluble, Alkaline-Stable, and Anti-Inflammatory Isoflavone Glucoside from 8-Hydroxydaidzein Glucosylated by Recombinant Amylosucrase of Deinococcus geothermalis

8-Hydroxydaidzein (8-OHDe), an ortho-hydroxylation derivative of soy isoflavone daidzein isolated from some fermented soybean foods, has been demonstrated to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the isoflavone aglycone is poorly soluble and unstable in alkaline solutions. To improve the aqueous solubility and stability of the functional isoflavone, 8-OHDe was glucosylated with recombinant amylosucrase of Deinococcus geothermalis (DgAS) with industrial sucrose, instead of expensive uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDP-glucose). One major product was produced from the biotransformation, and identified as 8-OHDe-7-α-glucoside, based on mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analyses. The aqueous solubility and stability of the isoflavone glucoside were determined, and the results showed that the isoflavone glucoside was almost 4-fold more soluble and more than six-fold higher alkaline-stable than 8-OHDe. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activity of 8-OHDe-7-α-glucoside was also determined by the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that 8-OHDe-7-α-glucoside exhibited significant and dose-dependent inhibition on the production of nitric oxide, with an IC50 value of 173.2 µM, which remained 20% of the anti-inflammatory activity of 8-OHDe. In conclusion, the well-soluble and alkaline-stable 8-OHDe-7-α-glucoside produced by recombinant DgAS with a cheap substrate, sucrose, as a sugar donor retains moderate anti-inflammatory activity, and could be used in industrial applications in the future.
Cusps in the center of galaxies: a real conflict with observations or a numerical artefact of cosmological simulations?

Galaxy observations and N-body cosmological simulations produce conflicting dark matter halo density profiles for galaxy central regions. While simulations suggest a cuspy and universal density profile (UDP) of this region, the majority of observations favor variable profiles with a core in the center. In this paper, we investigate the convergency of standard N-body simulations, especially in the cusp region, following the approach proposed by [1]. We simulate the well known Hernquist model using the SPH code Gadget-3 and consider the full array of dynamical parameters of the particles. We find that, although the cuspy profile is stable, all integrals of motion characterizing individual particles suffer strong unphysical variations along the whole halo, revealing an effective interaction between the test bodies. This result casts doubts on the reliability of the velocity distribution function obtained in the simulations. Moreover, we find unphysical Fokker-Planck streams of particles in the cusp region. The same streams should appear in cosmological N-body simulations, being strong enough to change the shape of the cusp or even to create it. Our analysis, based on the Hernquist model and the standard SPH code, strongly suggests that the UDPs generally found by the cosmological N-body simulations may be a consequence of numerical effects. A much better understanding of the N-body simulation convergency is necessary before a `core-cusp problem' can properly be used to question the validity of the CDM model.
THE EFFECT OF STUDENT'S ATTENDANCE ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY AT SIMAD UNIVERSITY MOGADISHU

In this study, the research team studied the effects of student’s attendance on academic performance; with the major objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between student attendance and academic performance and to examine factors that affect student attendance at SIMAD University. Sample size of 100 students was selected from SIMAD University students, especially faculty of Business and Accountancy, last semester students. Both primary and secondary data was used in order to answer research questions. Questionnaire and content analysis were used as research instrument. The study found that there is a moderate positive relationship between student attendance and academic performance. Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that all students, particularly prospective students and those students who are not as academically strong, to be informed about the importance influence of class attendance on academic performance . And also the study recommended that universities should maintain or develop strict guidelines for student attendance and monitor factors that could hinder a student from attending class on a regular basis.
Characteristics, management and outcome of DLBCL patients, presenting with simultaneous systemic and CNS disease at diagnosis: A retrospective multicenter study

The incidence of systemic diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) concurrently involving the central nervous system (CNS) at diagnosis, is very low and data regarding the clinical course of these patients are scarce. We investigated characteristics, efficacy of treatment regimens including consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation and outcome of patients presenting with concomitant systemic and CNS DLBCL. The records of 44 patients, diagnosed between 2004 and 2017, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were retrospectively reviewed. CNS involvement was diagnosed as solely parenchymal in 41%, solely leptomeningeal in 43%, and paranchymal with leptomeningeal in 11% of the patients. Induction regimens were anthracycline‐based combined with high‐dose methotrexate (HD‐MTX) in 80% (n = 35) of patients, anthracycline‐based combined with intrathecal MTX in 3, cytarabine‐based (without antracyclines) in 2, HD‐MTX in 1 and palliative in three. Five of 41 patients treated with chemotherapy died of treatment‐related toxicity, all due to infections. Nineteen patients had consolidative autologous transplantation. Overall response rate following induction was 80% (complete responses 66% and partial responses 15%). All relapses (n = 11) occurred within less than 2 years. Within a median follow‐up of 26.8 months, 3‐years projected overall survival (OS) and progression free survival rates for the entire cohort were 56% ± 8.3 and 42% ± 8.9, respectively. In multivariate analysis, RCHOP‐HD MTX‐based induction [HR = 0.228, (0.054‐0.964)], administration of 3.5 g/m2 MTX [HR = 0.735 (0.620‐0.871)], and attaining CR following induction [HR = 0.185, (0.051‐0.667)] predicted longer OS. RCHOP‐HD MTX can provide prolonged remissions in DLBCL patients presenting with concomitant systemic and CNS involvement whereas role of autograft remains uncertain.
PERFORMANCE OF LIGNITE-SYNGAS OPERATED TUBULAR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Results of computations of a single fuel cell tube fuelled with lignite-derived synthesis gas have been presented. Gasifier reactions have been modelled as well as raw syngas pre-processing in pre-reformer to obtain fuel at a suitable steam-to-carbon ratio. The model employed in the analysis can cope with arbitrary mixture of hydrogen, steam, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. Calculations have been conducted for various steam-to-air ratios in the gasifier.
Genome-wide markers reveal temporal instability of local population genetic structure in the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Hemiptera: Miridae).

BACKGROUND The cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), is a pest of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvales: Malvaceae), that attacks pre-floral buds (squares), leading to abscission and yield losses. In the Brazos Valley cotton production area of Texas (USA), P. seriatus exhibits a seasonal pattern of host use. In spring, eggs hatch from stems of the overwintering host, woolly croton, Croton capitatus Michx. (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae). During the growing season, individuals feed on a variety of host plants, including cotton. Adults return to woolly croton at season end to oviposit. We investigated if genetic differentiation exists between populations infesting cotton and those infesting alternative hosts, and whether woolly croton serves as a year-end site of admixture that could be suitable as a natural refuge for the purposes of insect resistance management. We combined high-throughput DNA sequencing with fine-scale spatio-temporal sampling to test (1) whether a population genomic approach would recover patterns of genetic variation consistent with earlier studies, and (2) if local genetic population structure was robust to seasonal changes in local habitat over time. RESULTS We found high gene flow among populations of P. seriatus collected from different host plants in the Brazos Valley. We also identified temporal instability of the local population genetic structure, including the near complete loss of a genotypic group that had been previously abundant. CONCLUSION We support the status of woolly croton as a natural refuge that promotes year-end gene flow between genotypes infesting cotton and those infesting alternative hosts. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
UNDERNUTRITION PREVALENCE AMONG CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEARS OLD IN INDONESIA DURING ECONOMIC CRISIS AND ITS RELATED FACTORS

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess undernutrition prevalence among children under-two years in Indonesia and its related factors. This ecological study was conducted to 437 districts using data extracted from nationally representative surveys, which were National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) and National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) year 2007. Overall, prevalence of High Stunting (HS), High Wasting (HW), and High Underweight (HU) was 46.9%, 59.5%, and 17.2%, respectively. Median prevalence of inadequate intake of energy, protein, iron, and zinc were 33.3%, 11.1%, 81.8%, and 55.6%, respectively. Median prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) was 15.9%, while the median prevalence of diarrhea was 13.0%. Median proportion of low education of the mother was 46.9%. Prevalence of HS was associated with household income, low education proportion of mother, and proportion of food expenditure. Prevalence of HW was associated with prevalence of inadequate energy intake and proportion of food expenditure. Prevalence of HU was associated with proportion of low education of mother and proportion of food expenditure. Keywords: children under-two years, economic crisis, undernutrition ABSTRAK Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi kurang gizi pada anak bawah dua tahun (baduta) dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan. Studi ekologi ini dilakukan pada 437 kabupaten/kota menggunakan data yang mewakili nasional, yaitu Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) dan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007. Secara umum, prevalensi High Stunting (HS), High Wasting (HW), dan High Underweight (HU) secara berturut-turut adalah 46.9%, 59.5%, dan 17.2%. Median prevalensi ketidakcukupan asupan energi, protein, zat besi, dan seng berturut-turut adalah 33.3%, 11.1%, 81.8%, dan 55.6%. Median prevalensi ISPA adalah 15.9%, sedangkan untuk diare adalah 13.0%. Median persentase ibu dengan pendidikan rendah adalah 46.9%. Prevalensi HS berhubungan dengan pendapatan rumah tangga, persentase ibu dengan pendidikan rendah, dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan. Prevalensi HW berhubungan dengan prevalensi ketidakcukupan energi dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan. Prevalensi HU berhubungan dengan persentase ibu dengan pendidikan rendah dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan. Kata kunci: anak baduta, krisis ekonomi, kurang gizi
An evolving tale of two interacting RNAs—themes and variations of the T‐box riboswitch mechanism

T‐box riboswitches are a widespread class of structured noncoding RNAs in Gram‐positive bacteria that regulate the expression of amino acid‐related genes. They form negative feedback loops to maintain steady supplies of aminoacyl‐transfer RNAs (tRNAs) to the translating ribosomes. T‐box riboswitches are located in the 5′ leader regions of mRNAs that they regulate and directly bind to their cognate tRNA ligands. T‐boxes further sense the aminoacylation state of the bound tRNAs and, based on this readout, regulate gene expression at the level of transcription or translation. T‐box riboswitches consist of two conserved domains—a 5′ Stem I domain that is involved in specific tRNA recognition and a 3′ antiterminator/antisequestrator (or discriminator) domain that senses the amino acid on the 3′ end of the bound tRNA. Interaction of the 3′ end of an uncharged but not charged tRNA with a thermodynamically weak discriminator domain stabilizes it to promote transcription readthrough or translation initiation. Recent biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies have provided high‐resolution insights into the mechanism of tRNA recognition by Stem I, several structural models of full‐length T‐box‐tRNA complexes, mechanism of amino acid sensing by the antiterminator domain, as well as kinetic details of tRNA binding to the T‐box riboswitches. In addition, translation‐regulating T‐box riboswitches have been recently characterized, which presented key differences from the canonical transcriptional T‐boxes. Here, we review the recent developments in understanding the T‐box riboswitch mechanism that have employed various complementary approaches. Further, the regulation of multiple essential genes by T‐boxes makes them very attractive drug targets to combat drug resistance. The recent progress in understanding the biochemical, structural, and dynamic aspects of the T‐box riboswitch mechanism will enable more precise and effective targeting with small molecules. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019 © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(8):1167–1180, 2019