Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Reward Ekstrinsik & Intrinsik Terhadap Kinerja Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening

This study is concerned with how the effect of extrinsic and intrinsic reward to performance and job satisfaction as an intervening variable. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reward extrinsic and intrinsic job satisfaction and performance either partially or simultaneously, determine the effect of job satisfaction on performance as well as find out more where the effect directly reward extrinsic and intrinsic to the performance of employees with indirect influence reward extrinsic and intrinsic rewards to employee performance. Respondents of this study consist of 100 employees. The employed data of this study are primary data. The data is collected by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The data is analyzed by regression analysis and path.The results show that partially or simultaneously reward extrinsic and intrinsic are significant positive effect on job satisfaction and performance. There are positive and significant impact on job satisfaction toward employees performance as well as an indirect effect (reward extrinsic and intrinsic to the performance of employees through job satisfaction) greater than a direct effect (extrinsic and intrinsic reward to employees performance). Keywords: Reward extrinsic, intrinsic rewards, job satisfaction, Employee Performance
Biosynthesis of fucoxanthin and diadinoxanthin and function of initial pathway genes in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

The biosynthesis pathway to diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin was elucidated in Phaeodactylum tricornutum by a combined approach involving metabolite analysis identification of gene function. For the initial steps leading to β-carotene, putative genes were selected from the genomic database and the function of several of them identified by genetic pathway complementation in Escherichia coli. They included genes encoding a phytoene synthase, a phytoene desaturase, a ζ-carotene desaturase, and a lycopene β-cyclase. Intermediates of the pathway beyond β-carotene, present in trace amounts, were separated by TLC and identified as violaxanthin and neoxanthin in the enriched fraction. Neoxanthin is a branching point for the synthesis of both diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin and the mechanisms for their formation were proposed. A single isomerization of one of the allenic double bounds in neoxanthin yields diadinoxanhin. Two reactions, hydroxylation at C8 in combination with a keto-enol tautomerization and acetylation of the 3′-HO group results in the formation of fucoxanthin.
THE CAUSES AND NATURAL HISTORY OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

THIS little book, written primarily for the medical student preparing for the Second Professional Examination and the postgraduate student working for the Primary Surgical Fellowship Examination, has already proved itself very popular with many undergraduates. The text is easy to read and covers such subjects as maturation of the germ cells, fertilisation, early embryogenesis, implantation and organogenesis. Short sections on determination, teratogenesis and the development of immunological competence are included and may appeal to a wider audience than those in the groups mentioned above. The excellent and clearly drawn illustrations will be found most useful by all types of readers as they express in easily recalled line form the essential features of the subjects dealt with. As an introduction to the subject of embryology and as an "aide memoire" for quick revision before examinations this book has much to cemmend it. W.R. M.M.
The interconnected and cross-border nature of risks posed by infectious diseases

Infectious diseases can constitute public health emergencies of international concern when a pathogen arises, acquires new characteristics, or is deliberately released, leading to the potential for loss of human lives as well as societal disruption. A wide range of risk drivers are now known to lead to and/or exacerbate the emergence and spread of infectious disease, including global trade and travel, the overuse of antibiotics, intensive agriculture, climate change, high population densities, and inadequate infrastructures, such as water treatment facilities. Where multiple risk drivers interact, the potential impact of a disease outbreak is amplified. The varying temporal and geographic frequency with which infectious disease events occur adds yet another layer of complexity to the issue. Mitigating the emergence and spread of infectious disease necessitates mapping and prioritising the interdependencies between public health and other sectors. Conversely, during an international public health emergency, significant disruption occurs not only to healthcare systems but also to a potentially wide range of sectors, including trade, tourism, energy, civil protection, transport, agriculture, and so on. At the same time, dealing with a disease outbreak may require a range of critical sectors for support. There is a need to move beyond narrow models of risk to better account for the interdependencies between health and other sectors so as to be able to better mitigate and respond to the risks posed by emerging infectious disease.
Well Posedness of Generalized Mutually Maximization Problem

Let C be a closed bounded convex subset of a Banach space X with 0 being an interior point of C and pC(.) be the Minkowski functional with respect to C. A generalized mutually maximization problem maxC(F, G) is said to be well posed if it has a unique solution (x, z) and every maximizing sequence converges strongly to (x, z). Under the assumption that C is both strictly convex and Kadec, G is a nonempty closed, bounded relatively weakly compact subset of X, using the concept of the admissible family D of B(X), we prove the generic result that the set E of all subsets F ( in D) such that the generalized mutually maximization problem maxC(F, G) is well posed is a residual subset of D. These extend and sharpen some recent results due to De Blasi, Myjak and Papini, Li, Li and Ni, Li and Xu, and Ni, etc.
Therapeutic Day School Intervention for Children and Adolescents with Community-Diagnosed Bipolar Disorders: Multiple-Case Study Analyses

ABSTRACT A field-based case study methodology examined the effectiveness of placement in a public therapeutic day school for 11 children and adolescents (ages 8–15 years) with community-diagnosed bipolar disorders. The treatment protocol integrated a behavioral point and level system with cognitive behavioral and brief family therapy interventions. Within- and cross-case analyses were conducted to assess academic progress in the areas of reading, mathematics, writing, science, and social studies; behavioral/social-emotional performance regarding on task/work completion, compliance, physical aggression, and social and coping skills; and immediate educational outcomes related to behavioral level system progress and home-school reintegration. Results indicated that a majority of students improved performance in areas of relative academic and behavioral/social-emotional weakness while sustaining performance in areas of relative strength and achieved positive immediate educational outcomes. Deficits in social and coping skills and in mathematics were exhibited by nearly all students. Two distinct patterns of physically aggressive behavior were identified: a “spike” pattern and a “low levels” pattern. Therapeutic school interventions were determined to be generally effective for students with community-diagnosed bipolar disorders.
Optimal estimation in networked control systems subject to random delay and packet loss

In this paper we study optimal estimation design for sampled linear systems where the sensors measurements are transmitted to the estimator site via a generic digital communication network. Sensor measurements are subject to random delay or might even be completely lost. We present two time-invariant estimator architectures and, surprisingly, we show that stability does not depend on packet delay but only on the packet loss probability. Finally, algorithms to compute critical packet loss probability and estimators performance in terms of their error covariance are given and applied to some numerical examples
Molecular and Morphological Analyses Reveal Phylogenetic Relationships of Stingrays Focusing on the Family Dasyatidae (Myliobatiformes)

Elucidating the phylogenetic relationships of the current but problematic Dasyatidae (Order Myliobatiformes) was the first priority of the current study. Here, we studied three molecular gene markers of 43 species (COI gene), 33 species (ND2 gene) and 34 species (RAG1 gene) of stingrays to draft out the phylogenetic tree of the order. Nine character states were identified and used to confirm the molecularly constructed phylogenetic trees. Eight or more clades (at different hierarchical level) were identified for COI, ND2 and RAG1 genes in the Myliobatiformes including four clades containing members of the present Dasyatidae, thus rendering the latter non-monophyletic. The uncorrected p-distance between these four ‘Dasytidae’ clades when compared to the distance between formally known families confirmed that these four clades should be elevated to four separate families. We suggest a revision of the present classification, retaining the Dasyatidae (Dasyatis and Taeniurops species) but adding three new families namely, Neotrygonidae (Neotrygon and Taeniura species), Himanturidae (Himantura species) and Pastinachidae (Pastinachus species). Our result indicated the need to further review the classification of Dasyatis microps. By resolving the non-monophyletic problem, the suite of nine character states enables the natural classification of the Myliobatiformes into at least thirteen families based on morphology.
Asymptotic-information-lossless designs and diversity-multiplexing tradeoff

It is well known that in the Zheng-Tse optimal diversity-multiplexing tradeoff curve, the Alamouti scheme meets the point corresponding to the maximum diversity gain only, whereas V-BLAST meets only the point corresponding to the maximum multiplexing gain. We define asymptotic-information-lossless (AILL) designs and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition under which a design is AILL. Analogous to the condition that full-rank designs achieve the point corresponding to the zero multiplexing gain of the optimal tradeoff, we show that it is a necessary and sufficient condition for a design to be AILL to achieve the point corresponding to the zero diversity gain of the optimal tradeoff curve. Also, we obtain a lower bound on the tradeoff achieved by the designs from field extensions and division algebras. The lower bound for the designs from division algebras indicates that they achieve both the extreme points (corresponding to the zero diversity gain and zero multiplexing gain) of the optimal tradeoff curve.
A Schema for Interprocedural Modi cation Side-E ect Analysis With Pointer Aliasing

The rst interprocedural modi cation side-e ects analysis (MOD C ) for C that obtains better than worst-case precision on programs with general-purpose pointer usage is presented with empirical results. 1 The analysis consists of an algorithm schema corresponding to a family of MOD C algorithms with two independent phases: one for determining pointer-induced aliases and a subsequent one for propagating interprocedural side e ects. These MOD C algorithms are parameterized by the aliasing method used. The empirical results compare the performance of two dissimilar MOD C algorithms: MOD C (FSAlias) uses a ow-sensitive, calling-contextsensitive interprocedural alias analysis [LR92]; MOD C (FIAlias) uses a ow-insensitive, callingcontext-insensitive alias analysis which is much faster, but less accurate [ZRL96]. These two algorithms were pro led on 45 programs ranging in size from 250 to 30,000 lines of C code, and the results demonstrate dramatically the possible cost-precision tradeo s. This rst comparative implementation of MOD C analyses o ers insight into the di erences between ow-/contextsensitive and ow-/context-insensitive analyses. The analysis cost versus precision tradeo s in side-e ect information obtained is reported. The results show surprisingly that the precision of ow-sensitive side-e ect analysis is not always prohibitive and that the imprecision of owinsensitive analysis is substantially better than worst-case estimates and can be su cient for certain applications. On average MOD C (FSAlias) for procedures and calls is in the range of 20% more precise than MOD C (FIAlias); however, the performance was found to be at least an order of magnitude slower than MOD C (FIAlias).
Integrated Analysis of Environment, Cattle and Human Serological Data: Risks and Mechanisms of Transmission of Rift Valley Fever in Madagascar

Background Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne disease affecting ruminants and humans. Madagascar was heavily affected by RVF in 2008–2009, with evidence of a large and heterogeneous spread of the disease. The identification of at-risk environments is essential to optimize the available resources by targeting RVF surveillance in Madagascar. Herein, the objectives of our study were: (i) to identify the environmental factors and areas favorable to RVF transmission to both cattle and human and (ii) to identify human behaviors favoring human infections in Malagasy contexts. Methodology/Principal Findings First, we characterized the environments of Malagasy communes using a Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA). Then, we analyzed cattle and human serological data collected at national level using Generalized Linear Mixed Models, with the individual serological status (cattle or human) as the response, and MFA factors, as well as other potential risk factors (cattle density, human behavior) as explanatory variables. Cattle and human seroprevalence rates were positively associated to humid environments (p<0.001). Areas with high cattle density were at risk (p<0.01; OR = 2.6). Furthermore, our analysis showed that frequent contact with raw milk contributed to explain human infection (OR = 1.6). Finally, our study highlighted the eastern-coast, western and north-western parts as high-risk areas for RVF transmission in cattle. Conclusions/Significance Our integrated approach analyzing environmental, cattle and human datasets allow us to bring new insight on RVF transmission patterns in Madagascar. The association between cattle seroprevalence, humid environments and high cattle density suggests that concomitant vectorial and direct transmissions are critical to maintain RVF enzootic transmission. Additionally, in the at-risk humid environment of the western, north-western and the eastern-coast areas, suitable to Culex and Anopheles mosquitoes, vectorial transmission probably occurs in both cattle and human. The relative contribution of vectorial or direct transmissions could be further assessed by mathematic modelling.
A Delphi Study to Determine Informatics Competencies for Nurses at Four Levels of Practice

BackgroundDespite its obvious need, a current, research-based list of informatics competencies for nurses is not available. ObjectiveTo produce a research-based master list of informatics competencies for nurses and differentiate these competencies by level of nursing practice. MethodsAfter a comprehensive literature review and item consolidation, an expert panel defined initial competencies. Subsequently, a three round Delphi study was conducted to validate the items. Participants were expert informatics nurse specialists in the United States of America. ResultsOf the initial 305 competencies proposed, 281 competencies achieved an 80% or greater agreement for both importance as a competency and appropriateness for the correct practice level. Five competencies were rejected. Six competencies were considered valid competencies but the appropriate level of practice could not be agreed upon. Thirteen competencies did not reach any consensus after the three Delphi rounds. DiscussionThe Delphi study had a high rate of participation, demonstrating the great level of interest and need for a list of informatics competencies for nurses. Out of the initial 305 competencies, only 24 items were not validated. Respondents commented during each round about whether computer skills should be considered informatics competencies. The authors propose that computer skills, while not high level, are one set of tools within the larger category of informatics competencies. This sample of experts did not deem programming skills as necessary for informatics nurses. This research study is an initial effort to fill the void of valid and reliable informatics competencies. It is the first study to span four levels of nurses, create competencies for both entry-level and experienced informatics nurse specialists, and examine the categories of computer skills, informatics knowledge and informatics skills.
Implementation of Digital Radio Mondiale receiver-part I

Radio communications possessing high signal quality and long-distance propagation have traditionally been difficult to achieve reliably over shortwave bands (up to 30 MHz). This is due to the analog modulation schemes in use and the vulnerability of shortwave radio to atmospheric disturbances. The development of the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) standard in 2001 provided digital coding methods, audio compression, and data protection features for shortwave transmissions. With DRM, nonprofit humanitarian broadcasters in underdeveloped nations have a reliable high-quality, long-distance transmission technology of lower cost than satellite radio services. The development of versatile DRM receivers is therefore necessary. This paper presents the design of a DRM receiver capable of demodulating a single DRM transmission, or “channel,” and compares the receiver's performance to that of the commercial DRB-30 receiver. Plans for future improvement of the receiver's overall signal-to-noise ratio and resilience to signal fading are discussed, including the addition of multi-channel reception capability and the Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) diversity algorithm.
Experience of 100 Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomies Performed by a Single Surgeon: An Analysis of Surgical and Functional Outcomes

Purpose We analyzed the surgical and functional outcomes of 100 consecutive laparo-scopic radical prostatectomies (LRP) performed by a single surgeon. Materials and Methods Between October 2007 and May 2010, a total of 100 consecutive patients underwent LRP for prostate cancer at our institution. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of these patients to determine surgical and functional results. We compared surgical and functional outcomes between three groups divided on the basis of operation period (Group 1; first 40 cases; Group 2; next 30 cases; Group 3; last 30 cases). Results The operative time decreased significantly as the surgeon's experience increased over time (P<0.01). The learning curve for operative time was surpassed after approximately 40 cases. The overall positive surgical margin (PSM) rate was 17.5% in Group 1, 16.7% in Group 2, and 10% in Group 3. For organ-confined disease, the PSM rate was 2.5%, 6.7%, and 3.3% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The continence rate (absence of a pad) was 73.2% and the social continence rate was 94.7% at 12 months after surgery. There was a significant difference in continence (absence of pad) between the early (Group 1) and late group (Group 3) at 1, 3, and 6 months (P<0.0001). The continence rate was not affected by whether the pubic bone-anchoring procedure or the Rocco suture method was used. The overall potency rate was 16.7% and 48.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. For bilateral nerve-sparing cases, the potency rate was 20% and 57.1% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions Our surgical and functional outcomes indicate that even in this 'robotic era', LRP is still an attractive treatment option for patients with localized prostate cancer, especially in areas with limited access to surgical robots.
Evaluating the Operational Features of an Unconventional Dual-Bay U-Turn Design for Intersections

Median U-turn intersection treatment (MUTIT) has been considered an alternative measure to reduce congestion and traffic conflict at intersection areas. The MUTIT is sometimes difficult to implement in the field because it requires wide median on arterials for U-turn vehicles. The objective of this study is to introduce an unconventional U-turn treatment (UUT) for intersections which requires less median space but is also effective. The UUT has a dual-bay design with different turning radiuses for small and large vehicles. The VISSIM simulation model was developed to evaluate the operational features of the UUT. The model was calibrated using data collected from intersections in China. The capacity, delay and number of stops were evaluated and compared with the direct-left-turn (DLT) for the same intersections. The results showed that the UUT significantly improved the operations at intersection areas, especially when volume/capacity ratio is small, and ratio of left-turn to through traffic is small. With the UUT, the capacity is increased by 9.81% to 10.38%, vehicle delay is decreased by 18.5% to 40.1%, and number of stops is decreased by 23.19% to 36.62%, when volume/capacity ratio is less than 0.50. The study also found that traffic efficiency could be further improved when the UUT is designed in conjunction with signal control. In the case, the UUT plus signalized control increases the capacity by 25% to 26.02%, decreases vehicle delay by 50.5% to 55.8%, and reduces number of stops by 69.5%, compared with the traditional DLT.
Multimodality Imaging of the Peripheral Venous System

The purpose of this article is to review the spectrum of image-based diagnostic tools used in the investigation of suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Summary of the experience gained by the author as well as relevant publications, regarding vein imaging modalities taken from a computerized database, was reviewed. The imaging modalities reviewed include phlebography, color Doppler duplex ultrasonography (CDDUS), computerized tomography angiography (CTA) and venography (CTV), magnetic resonance venography (MRV), and radionuclide venography (RNV). CDDUS is recommended as the modality of choice for the diagnosis of DVT. A strategy combining clinical score and D-dimer test refines the selection of patients. Phlebography is reserved for discrepant noninvasive studies.
Potential impact of the digestible indispensable amino acid score as a measure of protein quality on dietary regulations and health

Abstract Regulatory frameworks for protein content claims in Canada and the United States are underpinned by the protein efficiency ratio and protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), respectively, which are used to assess the protein quality of a given food. The digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) is a novel approach to measuring the protein quality of foods and is supported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Methodological concerns about the PDCAAS are addressed by the DIAAS through introduction of the use of ileal amino acid digestibility coefficients and untruncated protein scores. However, before the DIAAS is widely adopted within regulatory frameworks, a comprehensive assessment is required. Accordingly, this review addresses the potential impact of the DIAAS on regulation, communication, and public health, as well as knowledge gaps, analytical challenges, and cost of implementation. A pragmatic approach to addressing protein quality is advocated by suggesting the use of conservative coefficients of digestibility that are derived from in vitro methods. Before adopting the DIAAS as a framework for supporting protein content claims, updated food-related regulations and policies should also be evaluated through a lens that anticipates the impact on consumer-facing nutrition communication, the adoption of dietary patterns that are nutritionally adequate, and a food value chain that fosters a spirit of food and nutritional innovation.