Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scallops caught in the headlights: swimming escape behaviour of the Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) reduced by artificial light

Quantifying the distribution and abundance of the Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) is a fishery management priority, and stock assessments increasingly rely on video surveys. Interpreting the results of these surveys requires understanding the inherent biases introduced as a result of target animal behaviour. Our study investigated the effect of artificial lights on the behaviour of Atlantic sea scallops during a video survey using a towed benthic sled. Swimming and stationary scallops were counted in survey videos using event logging software. In addition, the locations, orientations, and swimming directions of the scallops were noted in a subset of the videos. The proportion of scallops that swam when an artificial light was turned on was significantly smaller than the proportion that swam when the light was off. Further analysis using a logistic model showed that only light state (off or on) predicted the likelihood of scallop swimming responses. Possible reasons for this unexpected behaviour are discussed, with a focus on the scallop visual system.
Possible Relationship Between Tamoxifen Therapy and Vaginal Angiomyofibroblastoma

mesenchymal tumor which was first described by Fletcher et al. in 1992. The characteristics include well-circumscribed margins and prominent vascularity with neoplastic cells exhibiting features suggestive of myofibroblastic differentiation. The tumor predominantly arises in vulva while vaginal location is extremely rare and only 11 cases have been reported so far in the English literature.
Experimental Performance Comparison of Dynamic Data Race Detection Techniques

Data races are one of the most difficult types of bugs in concurrent multithreaded systems. It requires significant time and cost to accurately detect bugs in complex large‐scale programs. Although many race detection techniques have been proposed by various researchers, none of them are effective in all aspects. In this paper, we compare the performance of five recent dynamic race detection techniques: FastTrack, Acculock, Multilock‐HB, SimpleLock+, and causally precedes (CP) detection. We experimentally demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of these dynamic race detection techniques in terms of their detection capability, running time, and runtime overhead using 20 benchmark programs with different characteristics. The comparison results show that the detection capability of CP detection does not differ from that of FastTrack, and that SimpleLock+ generates the lowest overhead among the hybrid detection techniques (Acculock, SimpleLock+, and Multilock‐HB) for all benchmark programs. SimpleLock+ is 1.2 times slower than FastTrack on average, but misses one true data race reported from Mutilock‐HB on the large‐scale benchmark programs.
Consumption Inequality and Family Labor Supply

In this paper we examine the link between wage inequality and consumption inequality using a life cycle model that incorporates household consumption and family labor supply decisions. We derive analytical expressions based on approximations for the dynamics of consumption, hours, and earnings of two earners in the presence of correlated wage shocks, non-separability and asset accumulation decisions. We show how the model can be estimated and identified using panel data for hours, earnings, assets and consumption. We focus on the importance of family labour supply as an insurance mechanism to wage shocks and find strong evidence of smoothing of males and females permanent shocks to wages. Once family labor supply, assets and taxes are properly accounted for their is little evidence of additional insurance.
Response of the parasitic plant (Striga hermonthica) seeds to different germination stimulants produced by sesame and pigeon pea varieties.

The experiments were conducted in the Pathology Laboratory of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi (07 E14’N, 08 38’E) with the principal objective to evaluate sesame and Pigeon pea genotypes in their ability to stimulate germination of S. hermonthica seeds. The treatments consist of 17 and 13 varieties of Sesame and Pigeon pea, respectively. These varieties were screened in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. There were significant differences among the varieties of Sesame and Pigeon pea in respect to relative germination percentage. In sesame, higher relative germination of 47.8% and 30.4% were recorded with variety 69B-882 and Yandev 55, respectively. The relative germination of 16-28% was recorded by varieties: Ex-Pankshin – 98, 73A-79B, Cross-95, E-8, Ncriben -01M, 73A892B, 60-2-3-18B, and Ciano-16. The 17 sesame varieties were grouped in four (4) based on their efficacy to stimulate seed germination of S. hermonthica: High (69B-882 and Yandev 55), Moderate (ExPankshin -98, 73B, Cross-95, E-8, Ncriben-01M, 73A-82B, 60-2-3-1-8B and Ciano-16); low (Yandev-75, Type-4, Ciano – 27, Eva and 69-1-1); Very low (Pachequeno, Ncriben-03L), respectively. But in the Pigeon pea accessions, the percentage germination of Striga seeds was highest with TCC 1035, Cita 4, TCC 6, TCC 8126, Cita 3, TCC 87 and Cita 2 (in descending order, 4.03 to 3.05%). These were followed by TCC2, TCC 8129, TCC 151 and Cita1 (2.99 to 2.06%) and the TCC8 and TCC 8129 (1.74 and 0.76%). The two test crops (sesame and Pigeon pea), the two controls, (GR – 24 and water) recorded the highest and lowest germination percentages, respectively. In the two varieties, the high and moderate stimulant producers can be used as good trap varieties. There is the need to screen more sesame and Pigeon pea genotypes to increase the potential for use of this control strategy.
DistinctDNA repair pathways involvingRecA and nonhomologous end joining inMycobacteriumsmegmatis

end joining inMycobacteriumsmegmatis Malgorzata Korycka-Machala, Anna Brzostek, Sylwia Rozalska, Anna Rumijowska-Galewicz, Renata Dziedzic, Richard Bowater & Jaroslaw Dziadek Centre of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodowa, Poland; Department of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Lodz, Banacha, Poland; and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Population biology of shrimp Artemesia longinaris (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae) from the southern coast of Brazil

Size at morphological sexual maturity, sex-ratio, and the seasonal variation in abundance of the shrimp Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1888 were assessed off Pinheira Beach, Palhoça, Santa Catarina southern Brazil. Shrimp were collected monthly from November 2003 through to October 2004, in two areas that are customarily used by local traditional fishermen (27°52′–27°51′S and 48°33′–48°29′W). Of the total of 1099 specimens measured, 23.93% were males and 76.07% females. Mean size at first maturity (LM50) was estimated as 56.38 mm total length (TL) for males, and 70.34 mm TL for females. Females were significantly larger than males. Abundance of juveniles varied seasonally. A high predominance of juveniles in the areas sampled occurred in winter for both sexes, and in spring for females. In the summer and autumn, we observed a decrease in juveniles in both areas, mainly, area II. We suggest that the differential migration pattern of sexes during the reproductive cycle was the principal reason for the larger catch of females. The classical paradigm of continuous reproduction at lower latitude, with increased seasonality of the breeding period at higher latitudes, seems to apply to this species.
diversity / Biodiversité odiversity , evolution and adaptation of cultivated crops diversité , évolution et adaptation des plantes cultivées

The human diet depends on very few crops. Current diversity in these crops is the result of a long interaction between farmers and cultivated plants, and their environment. Man largely shaped crop biodiversity from the domestication period 12,000 B.P. to the development of improved varieties during the last century. We illustrate this process through a detailed analysis of the domestication and early diffusion of maize. In smallholder agricultural systems, farmers still have a major impact on crop diversity today. We review several examples of the major impact of man on current diversity. Finally, biodiversity is considered to be an asset for adaptation to current environmental changes. We describe the evolution of pearl millet in West Africa, where average rainfall has decreased over the last forty years. Diversity in cultivated varieties has certainly helped this crop to adapt to climate variation. 2011 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Solving high order ordinary differential equations with radial basis function networks

This paper is concerned with the application of radial basis function networks (RBFNs) for numerical solution of high order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Two unsymmetric RBF collocation schemes, namely the usual direct approach based on a differentiation process and the proposed indirect approach based on an integration process, are developed to solve high order ODEs directly and the latter is found to be considerably superior to the former. Good accuracy and high rate of convergence are obtained with the proposed indirect method. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Crude Ethanolic and N-hexane Extracts of Moringa oleifera Leaves

This study was carried out to determine the antiplasmodial activity of leaves of Moringa oleifera. Cold extraction method was carried out on grindedleaves to prepare the crude ethanolic and n-hexane extracts. Mice models (Mus musculus) were passaged with chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei,which are similar in morphology, physiology and life cycle to P. falciparumthat infect humans. Stock solutions of 5mg/mL5% DMSO were prepared and the extracts wereadministered atdifferent treatment concentrations, 50mg/kg, 100mg/kgand 200mg/kg body weight over 4days. Positive and negative control groups, Chloroquine diphosphate (25mg/kg) and 5% DMSO,respectively were set up. Crude ethanolic and n-hexane extracts of M. oleiferashowed anti-plasmodial activity at the three different concentrations used. Both crude ethanolic and n-hexane extracts of M. oleiferaleaves showed a significant inhibition of parasitaemia (p < 0.05) ranging from 74.7 to 95.6% for ethanolic extract and 59.3 to 87.9% for n-hexane extract. EC50value of crude ethanolic and n-hexane extractswere 32mg/kg and 42mg/kg body weight,respectively. M.oleifera showed potential for possible future use as an alternative to some conventional drugs. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers
Genetic Testing for Inherited Susceptibility to Colon Cancer Effective : November 1 , 2018

PLEASE NOTE: Contracts exclude from coverage, among other things, services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers may bill members for services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers are encouraged to inform members before rendering such services that the members are likely to be financially responsible for the cost of these services.
Impact of an inpatient multidisciplinary glucose control management program

ABSTRACT Objective: Glycemic control has been increasingly recognized as a critical element in inpatient care, but optimal management of blood glucose in the hospital setting remains challenging. The aims of this study were to describe and evaluate the impact of the implementation of an inpatient multidisciplinary glucose control management program on glucose control in hospitalized patients. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records and glucose monitoring data obtained by point- of-care testing (POCT) in hospitalized patients before (May 2014) and after (June 2015 and May 2017) the implementation of the program. Results: We analyzed 6888, 7290, and 7669 POCTs from 389, 545, and 475 patients in May 2014, June 2015, and May 2017, respectively. Hyperglycemia (≥ 180 mg/ dL) occurred in 23.5%, 19.6%, and 19.3% POCTs in May 2014, June 2015, and May/2017, respectively (p < 0.001), while severe hyperglycemia (≥ 300 mg/dL) was observed in 2.5%, 2.2%, and 1.8% of them, respectively (p = 0.003). Hyperglycemia (≥ 180 mg/dL) reduced significantly from May 2014 to June 2015 (16.3%, p < 0.001) and from May 2014 to May 2017 (178%, p < 0.001). No significant changes occurred in hypoglycemic parameters. Conclusions: The implementation of an inpatient multidisciplinary glucose control management program led to significant reductions in hyperglycemic events. The key elements for this achievement were the development of institutional inpatient glycemic control protocols, establishment of a multidisciplinary team, and continuing educational programs for hospital personnel. Altogether, these actions resulted in improvements in care processes, patient safety, and clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients.
Cassini CAPS‐ELS observations of negative ions in Titan's ionosphere: Trends of density with altitude

Observations with the Electron Spectrometer sensor of the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS‐ELS) have revealed the existence of negative ions in Titan's ionosphere. Negative ions are observed during encounters whenever the instrument points in the ram direction at altitudes 950–1400 km. Complex hydrocarbon and nitrile chemical processes are believed to take place which play a role in haze formation. The heaviest ions observed so far have masses up to 13,800 amu/q. Using data from 34 Titan encounters, we show for the first time negative ion density trends of different mass groups, including total densities, with altitude. We determine peak densities and the associated altitudes at which they are observed and the highest altitudes at which individual mass groups are found.
Detection of six rapidly scintillating active galactic nuclei and the diminished variability of J1819+3845

The extreme, intra-hour and >10% rms flux density scintillation observed in AGNs such as PKS 0405-385, J1819+3845 and PKS 1257-326 at cm wavelengths has been attributed to scattering in highly turbulent, nearby regions in the interstellar medium. Such behavior has been found to be rare. We searched for rapid scintillators among 128 flat spectrum AGNs and analyzed their properties to determine the origin of such rapid and large amplitude radio scintillation. The sources were observed at the VLA at 4.9 and 8.4 GHz simultaneously at two hour intervals over 11 days. We detected six rapid scintillators with characteristic time-scales of 10%. We found strong lines of evidence linking rapid scintillation to the presence of nearby scattering regions, estimated to be 11 day variations, suggesting that the highly turbulent cloud responsible for its extreme scintillation has moved away, with its scintillation now caused by a more distant screen ≈50 to 150 pc away.
A Literature Review on Current Evidence of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are changing the landscape in management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are two important co-inhibitory receptors which can lead to suppression of T-cell function when bound to its ligands. Results from multiple large randomised phase 3 trials have shown a significant improvement in overall survival with durable response in selected group of patients following immune checkpoint blockage compared to second lines chemotherapy. Emerging evidences have shown promising responses to treatment in patients whose tumour has programmed cell death ligand -1 (PD-L1) ≥ 50% expression compared to standard first line platinum-based chemotherapy. Combination therapies of immune checkpoint inhibitors with other agents including chemotherapy are underway. Here we summarize the results of immune checkpoint blockade trials when used as monotherapy and in combination with other agents in advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.
Anomalous 14C Enrichments in the Eastern UK Coastal Environment

During the period from 1995 to 2011, radiocarbon measurements from the coast around Hartlepool in NE England have revealed anomalous enrichments in seawater, sediment, and marine biota. These cannot be explained on the basis of atomic weapons testing or authorized nuclear industry discharges, including those from the nearby advanced gas-cooled reactor. Enhanced 14C-specific activities have also been observed since 2005 in biota during routine monitoring at Hartlepool by the Food Standards Agency, but are reported as “likely” originating from a “nearby non-nuclear source. ” Studies undertaken in Hartlepool and Teesmouth during 2005 and 2011 suggest that the 14C discharges are in the vicinity of Greatham Creek, with activity levels in biota analogous to those measured at Sellafield, which discharges TBq activities of 14C per annum. However, if the discharges are into Greatham Creek or even the River Tees, it is proposed that they would be much smaller than those at Sellafield and the high specific activities would be due to much smaller dilution factors. The discharge form of the 14C remains unclear. The activity patterns in biota are similar to those at Sellafield, suggesting that initial inputs are dissolved inorganic carbon (DI14C). However, the mussel/seaweed ratios are more akin to those found around Amersham International, Cardiff, which is known to discharge 14C in an organic form. 14C analysis of a sediment core from Seal Sands demonstrated excess 14C to the base of the core (43–44 cm). 210Pb dating of the core (0–32 cm) produced an accumulation rate of 0.7 g cm−2 yr−1, implying that 14C discharges have occurred from the 1960s until the present day.
Corporate social disclosures: a user perspective on assurance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate corporate social disclosure (CSD) assurance from a stakeholder perspective within a study which encompasses both stakeholder preferences and demand drivers of CSD assurance. Design/methodology/approach – Stakeholder perceptions of and their demand for CSD assurance are examined through a questionnaire survey. The analysis is based on responses in an empirical study from 147 organisations which are investing, procuring and third-sector stakeholders. Findings – Overall, stakeholder comments suggest an emphasis on the importance of specialist environmental assurors and the role of trust. The demand for assurance is positively related to stakeholders’ assessment of the value of CSD and the use of information from information intermediaries such as responsible investment indices, and negatively related to stakeholder perceptions of CSD representational faithfulness. Research limitations/implications – This paper only draws on data from the UK. Similar resea.
Influence of large-scale teleconnection patterns on methane sulfonate ice core records in Dronning Maud Land

Records of methane sulfonate (MS) in ice cores from the high plateau of DronningMaud Land (DML), Antarctica, drilled in the framework of the European Project for IceCoring in Antarctica, are investigated for their potential as an environmental andclimate archive for the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Despite postdepositionalchanges, years of extraordinary MS concentrations can be clearly detected in the icecore records. We use composite anomaly maps of atmospheric parameters from theNational Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Researchreanalysis fields for years of extreme MS concentration to detect atmospheric patternscausing MS variability. Changing atmospheric transport is shown to be an important,but not exclusive, parameter being conserved in the MS record in DML. The oftenhypothesized direct link between high MS concentrations and El Nino events is notsupported for the observed region whereas the Antarctic Dipole (ADP), which ismodulated by El Nino Southern Oscillation conditions, exerts significant influence. Aclear 13.9-year cycle can be found throughout a 2000-year MS record that can be relatedto variations in the ADP. Over the last 300 years a 4.6-year cycle is revealed in theMS (and sea-salt record), which vanishes in the deeper part of the ice core as aconsequence of diffusion processes. From the long-term perspective, periods of high MSconcentrations are connected to, on average, higher sea-salt aerosol as well, reflecting aseasonally independent influence of transport on both species. A distinctive period ofefficient atmospheric transport, probably due to a pronounced ADP, could be foundfrom 1200 to 1600 A.D.
Tile Drainage and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Influences on Nitrogen Availability, Losses, and Crop Yields

Installing tile drainage facilitates early planting and field operations, and tiling has tremendously increased in the Red River Valley (RRV) due to recent wet cycles. This experiment studied tile drainage and N-fertilizer management effects on N availability, N losses, and yields of corn (Zea mays L.) and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) in a naturally poorly-drained Fargo soil during the 2012-2013 growing seasons. Regardless of drainage, applying 146 kg N ha-1 with nitrapyrin resulted similar soil N availability to 180 kg N ha-1 without nitrapyrin in sugarbeet in both years. In corn, application of nitrapyrin resulted either higher or similar soil N levels to split-N application. In 2013, application of urea alone increased soil N availability during the early corn growing season under the undrained condition, whereas nitrapyrin delayed N release in the tile-drained soils. Corn and sugarbeet yields averaged 7.4 and 47.0 Mg·ha-1 in 2012, and averaged 8.3 and 38.3 Mg·ha-1 in 2013, respectively, with no significant differences among N-sources. However, corn yield increased on an average by 27.6% with N-fertilizer application over unfertilized control in 2013. In 2012, sugarbeet root impurity (% sucrose loss to molasses) increased by 13.8% and 17.2% with 146 kg N ha-1 plus nitrapyrin and 180 kg N ha-1 treatments, respectively, compared to unfertilized control. Besides, higher N rates were usually associated with greater daily soil N2O emissions, with the maximum flux of 105 g N2O-N ha-1·d-1 recorded under corn. Addition of fertilizer-N increased NH3 volatilization losses up to 1.9% and 0.5% of the applied-N in corn and sugarbeet, respectively. Tile drainage influenced soil N availability more than crop yield during two years of study. Nitrogen management can have pronounced effects on N availability and losses. A long-term study is needed to investigate the fertilizer-N use efficiency of crops under tile drainage condition.
Optimal Simulation of Two-Qubit Hamiltonians Using General Local Operations

We consider the simulation of the dynamics of one nonlocal Hamiltonian by another, allowing arbitrary local resources but no entanglement or classical communication. We characterize notions of simulation, and proceed to focus on deterministic simulation involving one copy of the system. More specifically, two otherwise isolated systems A and B interact by a nonlocal Hamiltonian Hnot equalH(A)+H-B. We consider the achievable space of Hamiltonians H-' such that the evolution e(-iH')t can be simulated by the interaction H interspersed with local operations. For any dimensions of A and B, and any nonlocal Hamiltonians H and H-', there exists a scale factor s such that for all times t the evolution e(-iH')st can be simulated by H acting for time t interspersed with local operations. For two-qubit Hamiltonians H and H-', we calculate the optimal s and give protocols achieving it. The optimal protocols do not require local ancillas, and can be understood geometrically in terms of a polyhedron defined by a partial order on the set of two-qubit Hamiltonians.