Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multimedia CD-ROM storybooks and traditional print storybooks : a comparison of the reading comprehension and attitude of third grade students

The purpose of this study was to compare the reading comprehension of students who read children's storybooks published on paper to the reading comprehension of a second group of students reading the same titles published on multimedia CD-ROM. This study also compared the reading attitude of students prior to reading CD-ROMs to the reading attitude of the same students after reading CD-ROMs. The subjects were 25 third grade students placed in matched pairs according to gender and performance on a reading comprehension test. Each interactive storybook has a corresponding print version with identical text and illustrations. Each subject read a total of two storybook titles in print and two storybooks titles on CD-ROM over the four week study period. CD-ROM storybooks featured student controlled word and sentence pronunciation, simultaneous highlighting of text with audio narration and vocabulary help whereas the researcher provided, when requested by a student, vocabulary and pronunciation support for the print groups. Twelve open-ended comprehension questions answered in writing were used to measure reading comprehension for each title. Based on a ninety-five percent confidence level (p <.05), results of the data analysis revealed that students reading books on interactive CD-ROMs performed significantly better than students reading books in print. Results of the reading attitude survey indicated no difference in reading attitude after exposure to interactive CDROMs. Additional analyses revealed that boys and subjects reading below grade level performed significantly better when reading CD-ROM books than when reading books in print. Subjects answering textually explicit and scriptually implicit questions performed significantly better with books on CD-ROM than books in print.
Computer simulation of complex fluids using dissipative particle dynamics

A parallel code has been developed to implement the Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulation algorithm. DPD is a particle based method which simulates the fluid at a mesoscopic scale. Since the DPD interactions are both soft (compared to the potentials used in molecular dynamics) and momentum conserving, DPD offers the possibility of reproducing hydrodynamic behaviour at large length and time scales. Other techniques for hydrodynamic flow simulation are reviewed before the DPD algorithm is presented together with some of the coding issues arising from using a parallel implementation. Equilibrium thermodynamics, as pertaining to phase separation, is presented, together with the scaling arguments used to derive growth laws for domain size. An in depth study of domain size scaling in three dimensional binary fluid phase separation has been completed. For an appropriate choice of parameters, domain growth is shown to enter a regime dominated by capillary and viscous forces. Qualitative analysis of interface maps and velocity fields reveal the Siggia mechanism for domain coarsening in operation. By performing simulations over two orders of magnitude in reduced length and reduced time units, a small yet significant breakdown of scaling is observed in the domain growth rate. Possible explanations for this breakdown are considered. By extending the code, we study a dense solution of an amphiphilic species focusing on the smectic mesophase. Results are presented for the formation of monodomain, bidomain and polydomain lamellar phases. Shearing is performed, using Lees Edwards boundary conditions, the effect of shear on the lamellar phase is examined. It is shown how, for certain concentrations and shear rates, a lamellar structure will tend to fold in upon itself, this is a possible first stage in onion formation.
Middle Grades Principal Credentialing: A Vanishing Requirement

Abstract Limited research explores how school administrators learn the leadership skills, knowledge, and dispositions that will support young adolescents, particularly how administrators are prepared and credentialed to lead middle grades schools. The purpose of this research was to examine which states offered and/or required administrator credentials specific to middle grades and why states do or do not offer or require such credentialing. Analysis of the data indicates that states are moving away from specific credentialing for middle grades school administrators, with only one state still offering such a credential. Although state credentialing officers indicated the value of a specific middle grades principal credential, the need for flexibility for districts and credential candidates was the overarching reason for eliminating or not having a middle grades administrative credential. Moving away from specific middle grades credentialing has a number of implications for students, schools, preparations programs, and advocates of middle grades education.
Mental imagery and musical performance: Development of the Musician’s Arousal Regulation Imagery Scale

Arousal imagery has been used to help performers regulate performance anxiety in order to perform well. Music performance anxiety research has been dominated by relaxation imagery and despite positive results, methodological limitations prevent causal conclusions regarding its efficacy. Further, arousal imagery strategies incorporating high arousal have helped performers in closely related performance domains, and these strategies might benefit musicians. In addition, emotion regulation models raise concerns about the efficacy of relaxation imagery. In light of these issues, understanding whether and how musicians use arousal imagery in their own practice is an important, yet understudied area. Building on earlier work, we developed the Musician’s Arousal Regulation Imagery Scale (MARIS) to measure musicians’ intentional use of different arousal imagery strategies in three samples of musicians with varying levels of expertise, who reported performing different musical genres and instruments from different musical families. Participants completed the MARIS and a musical background questionnaire. Results suggest that the MARIS has excellent psychometric properties and that it captures two broad classes of arousal imagery. Further, findings suggest that musicians use arousal imagery containing varying levels of arousal. Implications of the present study, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
The SPLeT-2012 Shared Task on Dependency Parsing of Legal Texts

The 4th Workshop on “Semantic Processing of Legal Texts” (SPLeT–2012) presents the first multilingual shared task on Dependency Parsing of Legal Texts. In this paper, we define the general task and its internal organization into sub–tasks, describe the datasets and the domain–specific linguistic peculiarities characterizing them. We finally report the results achieved by the participating systems, describe the underlying approaches and provide a first analysis of the final test results.
Men’s Perceptions and Emotional Responses to Becoming a Caregiver Father: The Role of Individual Differences in Masculine Honor Ideals and Reputation Concerns

Despite the rising number of men and women in counter-stereotypical roles, it is rare for men to serve as primary caregivers in families with dependent children. In two studies, we examined how British men and women perceive and emotionally react to primary caregiver (vs. breadwinner) fathers, whether their perceptions and reactions are contingent upon individual differences in masculine honor endorsement, and the potential mediators in these relationships. Results showed that both men and women perceived the primary caregiver fathers more positively – warmer and not less competent – than the primary breadwinner fathers, yet endorsement of masculine honor ideals increased men’s (but not women’s) tendency to attribute less positive emotions (e.g., proud and satisfied) and more negative emotions (e.g., ashamed and resentful) to the primary caregiver (vs. breadwinner) fathers. Mediated moderation analyses showed that for men with high masculine honor orientation, their less positive and more negative emotional attributions were driven by perceived loss of reputation among male friends, whereas for men with low masculine honor orientation, their more positive and less negative emotional attributions were driven by perceived gain of wife’s and children’s admiration. By shifting the focus to men’s individual differences and motives, these findings offer nuanced explanations for why some men may feel eager about serving as caregiver fathers, whereas others may feel reluctant to do so.
TRAINING AND PLAYING FOOTBALL IN HOT AND/OR HUMID ENVIRONMENTS

Football (soccer) is played in various environments and, in some parts of the world, domestic and international matches are performed in challenging environmental conditions where the ambient temperature may exceed 30°C with a high relative humidity (>60%). The extra burden of thermal stress that is added to the physical demand associated with match play compromises the footballers' fatigue resistance. Many factors, such * Corresponding Author Email: franck.brocherie@insep.fr. Franck Brocherie, Olivier Girard, Gregoire P. Millet et al. 2 as thermoregulatory, cardiovascular and/or metabolic stress, may contribute to the reductions in match performance capacity (i.e., shorter distance covered in the second vs. first half and toward match-end with decrements in high-intensity running activities in the last 15-min period) and match-related fitness (i.e., post-match jump height and repeated-sprint ability) in the heat. Although heat stroke is unusual in football, the consequences of hyperthermia (i.e., core temperature >39°C) are serious, possibly participating in the development of health issues. Heat acclimatization/acclimation appears as the primary strategy to minimize the thermal stress and the physiological risks of heat-related illnesses when playing football in hot conditions. This can be partly achieved after 6-10 days of training in the heat, with a targeted minimal core temperature of 38.5°C for at least 60 min in each training session, associated to elevated skin temperature and profuse sweating. Another strategy is to ensure that footballers are well hydrated at all times, while enough fluid should be provided before, during, and after matches. Manipulating warm-up and/or implementing cooling interventions (e.g., cold-water immersion, cooling garments) before each match or training or during half-time could be beneficial to optimize physiological readiness for football competition in the heat. Hence, the aims of this chapter are to present (i) the football match-and training-induced responses when performed in hot and/or humid conditions and (ii) the strategies employed to better cope with such challenging environments.
Relational Aftermath: Accounts of Marital Dissolution to Social Network Members.

Relationship dissolution is a complex process that involves more than the act of termination. The process affects and is affected by an individual's communication with members of the social network. The attributions made by the individual to account for the dissolution constitute an attempt at failure management. This study was undertaken to determine how the strategies used to manage the failure event of divorce vary according to social network groups, gender, and expectation of approval. One hundred eleven divorced individuals completed questionnaires soliciting recollection of accounts made to family, friends, and acquaintances regarding their divorce. Findings include 1) excuses were used more often than other types of accounts (this supports earlier research in accounting), 2) excuses were used slightly more often with family, justifications substantially more often with friends, and silence and interactive accounts substantially more often with acquaintances, 3) there were no gender differences in type of account used or in the number of accounts used, 4) males selected males with whom to interact, and females selected females, 5) females initiated the divorce (as reported by both sexes), 6) families and friends were offered higher vii numbers of accounts than acquaintances. Content analysis revealed five types of excuses: abuse, unfaithfulness, refusal to change or get help, personality flaws and abrupt termination by other. Ttests revealed that females predominantly used the first three types and males predominantly used the last two. This study has examined reports of the actual accounts communicated to members of different social networks regarding divorce and has revealed differences with respect to these social networks. It has begun the task of developing a typology of interpersonal relationship failure management strategies and has established a connection between type of communication strategy selected and target audience.
Word-initial vowel glottalization in speech of native English non-professionals

The purpose of this thesis is twofold: i) in the theoretical part to provide a comprehensive overview of the research on glottalization, focusing on representative studies of word-initial glottalization in several languages, and ii) in the research part to bring an analysis of the phenomenon in the read speech of British English native non-professional speakers. The mechanism of distribution and form of word-initial glottalization is not yet fully understood and although its almost unpredictable character has attracted some attention in recent years, descriptions of the phenomenon for the English language are still scarce, if not non-existent in the case of British English. This study aims to serve as a probe in this direction. The material consisted of 1307 word-initial vowels produced by 5 male and 5 female speakers. Based on perceptual and acoustic criteria, three types of glottalization were distinguished: canonical, creaky and breathy. Although the analysis of the corpus showed the expected inter-speaker differences, a clear tendency was discernible for pitch accent to have an effect on glottalization. To a lesser extent, this can be also said about the semantic factor, where content words were glottalized more often. This conclusion, however, was problematised. No clear pattern was distinguished in the distribution of the different kinds of glottalization.
World Wide Web versus mail surveys: A comparison and report

This paper compares two survey methodologies. The mechanics of running a World Wide Web survey are described and the advantages and disadvantages of this technique are compared with a mail survey. In addition, an experiment comparing a World Wide Web and a mail survey of firms working internationally in the computer software industry is reported. Implications for future survey research using the World Wide Web are elaborated.
The Influence of Unique Information in Briefs on Supreme Court Opinion Content

Abstract Using a unique and vast dataset and new measures derived from natural language processing, we investigate the flow of information to the Supreme Court via briefs. Our study provides an opportunity to consider the often-nuanced role of information in policymaking. Building on prior work, we contribute in a number of important ways to our understanding of the influence of information on policy generally and briefs on the Court’s decisions specifically. We consider how the repetition of information can signal policy coalescence across interested groups and individuals, as well as proxy quality and exert a psychological effect. We employ nuanced computational text analytic tools that are new to this line of inquiry to assess the extent to which information in a brief is shared among all briefs and lower court opinions in the case. Using these measures, we investigate the relationship between novel and shared information and the content of Supreme Court opinions. We do so over the entire substantive content of a new dataset of more than 12,000 litigant and amicus briefs filed in U.S. Supreme Court cases from 1988 to 2005. Our results provide new evidence that briefs presenting shared information are more likely to have that information adopted in the Court’s majority opinion, raising interesting implications regarding majoritarianism.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PDEODE (Predict-Discuss-Explain-Observe-Discuss-Explain) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF DANKEMAMPUAN MEMBACA ARTIKEL ILMIAH PESERTA DIDIKKELAS X DI SMAN 13 BANDAR LAMPUNG

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran PDEODE (Predict-Discuss-Explain-Observe-Discuss-Explain) terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan kemampuan membaca artikel ilmiah peserta didik kelas X SMAN 13 Bandar Lampung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Quasi Exsperimen dengan desain penelitian Posttest control grup desain. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Cluster random sampling, sampel ini terdiri dari 2 kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen (X MIPA 1) dan kelas kontrol (X MIPA 3). Strategi pembelajaran PDEODE dilaksanakan pada kelas eksperimen, sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran konvesional. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes multiple choice untuk mengetahui hasil belajar kognitif dan essay untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca artikel ilmiah. Uji hipotesis penelitian diantaranya uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji t independent. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan uji Independent t-test Microsoft Excel diperoleh uji hipotesis hasil belajar kognitif dengan hasil thitung > ttabel yaitu 3.902 > 1.999 dan kemampuan membaca artikel ilmiah dengan hasil thitung > ttabel yaitu 3.021 >1.999. Maka dalam hal ini H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran PDEODE (Predict- Discuss-Explain-Observe-Discuss-Explain) terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan kemampuan membaca artikel ilmiah peserta didik kelas X SMAN 13 Bandar Lampung.
Numerical Simulations of Typhoon Hagupit (2008) Using WRF

We used a mesoscale atmospheric model to simulate Typhoon Hagupit (2008) in the South China Sea (SCS). First, we chose optimized parameterization schemes based on a series of sensitivity tests. The results suggested that a combination of the Kain–Fritsch cumulus scheme and the Goddard microphysics scheme was the best choice for reproducing both the track and intensity of Typhoon Hagupit. Next, the simulated rainfall was compared with microwave remote sensing products. This comparison validated the model results for both the magnitude of rainfall and the location of heavy rain relative to the typhoon’s center. Furthermore, the potential vorticity and vertical wind speed displayed the asymmetric horizontal and tilted vertical structures of Typhoon Hagupit. Finally, we compared the simulation of air–sea turbulent fluxes with estimations from an in situ buoy. The time series of momentum fluxes were roughly consistent, while the model still overestimated heat fluxes, especially right before the typhoon’s arrival at the buoy.
Designing Physical Primitives For Secure Communication In Wireless Sensor Networks

A sensor network typically refers to a collection of sensor nodes equipped with sensing, communication and processing capabilities. It brings an opportunity to solve many difficult problems including real time monitoring, tracking, and controlling. While the applications of sensor networking become many and varied, security has always been one of the major concerns in real deployments. In this dissertation, we design physical primitives for secure communication in wireless sensor networks, and develop a wireless security framework to provide conventional security services. We investigate the feasibility of achieving perfect secrecy and information authenticity without shared secrets via two physical primitives: (i) cooperative jamming primitive, where we introduce a secure coding problem in which not only the sender but also the receiver participates in the coding. In essence, the receiver’s role is to selectively jam the sender’s transmission at the level of bits, bytes, or packets. We then design a class of secure codes, called “dialog codes”, for diverse channel models and receiver models. (ii) spatial verification primitive, where we exploit the spatial signature induced by the radio communications of a node on its neighboring nodes, and design a spatial primitive that robustly and efficiently validates the authenticity of the source of messages. To address trust initialization, we propose a zero knowledge proof alternative that allows bootstrapping trust among individuals in a distributed way.
“If I knew what I was doing on Twitter then I would use it more”: Twitter experiences and networks of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI)

Abstract Aim: of this study was to examine the Twitter experiences and networks of six adults with cognitive-communication disability after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method: Using mixed methods, the study integrated: (a) quantitative analysis of Twitter networks using computational and manual coding of tweets; and (b) narrative analysis of in-depth interviews. Results: Diverse experiences were evident, with two experienced and four novice users of the platform. However, all reported feeling connected and included, and identified both positive and negative experiences in their use of Twitter. Developing a supportive network facilitated higher frequency of tweets and increased feelings of enjoyment and connectedness. All expressed a desire to continue using or learning to use Twitter but novices lacked support from rehabilitation professionals or experienced Twitter users, and relied instead on a “trial and error” approach. Conclusion: Proactive integration of Twitter use during rehabilitation after TBI is warranted to support safe, enjoyable, and meaningful use.
Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian sands and soil formation from the Pomeranian outwash plain (Mecklenburg, NE-Germany)

Abstract. Anhand von zwei Dunenprofilen wird die Art, Dauer und Intensitat von spatglazialen und holozanen Flugsand- und Bodenbildungen innerhalb des Pommerschen Sandergebietes dargestellt. Hierfur wurde ein interdisziplinarer Ansatz aus Sedimentologie, Pedologie, Palynologie und Geochronologie verwendet. Wahrend des Spatglazials kommen auf den Sanderhochflachen flache Flugsanddecken zur Ablagerung, unterbrochen durch die Bildung des Finowbodens. Durch die Ausbreitung einer geschlossenen Vegetationsdecke im Fruhholozan, erfolgt eine Stabilisierung der Reliefoberflache mit anschliesender Bodenbildung. Nach intensiven mittelalterlichen Rodungen werden die Oberflachen erneut destabilisiert. Es kommt zur partiellen Aufarbeitung der Flugsande resultierend in Dunenbildungen und einem kuppigen Relief. Eine der untersuchten Dunen wurde dabei komplett im spaten Subatlantikum gebildet. Diese Studie unterstreicht die zeitlich-raumliche Variabilitat aolischer Aktivitat, wobei Umlagerungen entsprechender Korngrosen wahrend verschiedener Phasen nach der Deglaziation ermoglicht wurden.