Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The use of dialogue as a pedagogical method in integration work

* E-mail: marie.westerlind@hv.se Abstract This study analyses dialogue as an aspect of professional knowledge when integration workers are orienting newly arrived immigrants about Swedish society and everyday life in an integration activity called civic orientation. The data consists of interviews with integration workers and observations of classes in Sweden. The results show that using dialogue involves knowing how to mobilise a contextual foundation for mediating between different experiencebased meanings and how to re-contextualise information, which requires skilful handling of various knowledge sources. To bridge between standardised information and contextually relevant meanings is central in integration processes and here, dialogue could support future integration work.
he allocation of attention in displays with simultaneously presented singletons lkan

In an ERP experiment, we investigated whether a ‘permanent’ salient distractor changes the deployment of attention to target and nontarget singletons. Observers searched for a color target in a search array that mainly consisted of black vertical lines, but also always contained a line in a task-irrelevant color. Together with this distractor, a target or nontarget singleton was presented. Nontargets could be salient
Euro Area Sovereign Bond Spreads , Risk Aversion & Monetary Policy

This paper provides a framework to disentangle the effects of uncertainty and risk aversion on Euro area sovereign bond yields vis-à-vis Germany, which were often confounded in previous studies. In a second step, the impact of European monetary policy on spreads through its impact on risk aversion is estimated. The background of this investigation is the reduction of spreads after Mario Draghi’s OMT announcement in 2012: To what extent did the ECB lower spreads by increasing market participants’ willingness to take on risks? The results indicate that risk aversion was a more important factor than uncertainty. The effect of monetary policy on spreads via risk aversion however is ambiguous at best and highly sensitive to the model specification and measurement of the policy stance.
A Study of Precancerous Lesions for Oral Cancer in Patna , Bihar

Introduction: Oral cancer is a common malignancy, ranking first among all cancers in Western and Asian countries. It is preceded by some benign lesions or conditions, which are termed precancerous. Only one-third of people at the precancerous stage of disease succumb to cancer, it would be of practical importance to identify individuals at risk among them. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate high risk factors for oral cancer, to evaluate clinical features and correlate various factors to precancerous lesions and to determine incidence rate and magnitude of precancerous lesions in general population. Material and Methods: In the study, 8846 residents from different wards of Patna are clinically assessed for presence of precancerous lesions and interviewed by cross-sectional study. Results: It was found that prevalence rate of leukoplakia was found 0.93% while of OSMF was 1.75% in study population. All persons with precancerous lesions have addictions like tobacco chewing/smoking. Out of 2826 persons with poor oral hygiene, leukoplakia was found in 2.54%, while OSMF in 1.67%. Conclusion: This study concluded that prevalence rate of precancerous lesion in general population of Patna is high. It is associated with habits of tobacco chewing and cigarette smoking.
Significance of Ovarian Stromal Blood Flow Measurement Between Fertile Women with Normal Ovaries and Primary Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome . *

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the commonest endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age as this syndrome affect about 5-10% of premenopausal women. Objective : To determine Doppler flow changes within ovarian stroma in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and compare the ovarian stromal blood flow and serum LH,FSH concentration in fertile women with normal ovaries and primary in fertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome . Method : Samples of women who will attend to our gynecologic clinic in Elwyia maternity teaching hospital in Baghdad/Iraq ,from beginning of March to end of September 2014. Fifty cases of fertile women with normal ovaries control group and fifty cases of study group . Primary infertile women with PCOS confirmed by clinical examination ,investigation ( Day 2-4 FSH,LH) and transvaginal Doppler ultrasound to determine total antral ( AFC) ,total ovarian volume ,total ovarian vascularzatian index (VI) ,flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI). Results: The frequency and percentage of amenorrhea, hirsutism and infertility were increased among overweight PCOS patient . Patient with PCOS showed significantly higher serum LH concentration ,but serum FSH was significantly lower in PCOS than normal groups. Mean serum LH was significantly higher in overweight than normal weight PCOS patient . Fertile centrals and PCOS women has similar total ovarian VI/FI/VFI after controlling the age of women . PCOS women had significantly higher total AFC, total ovarian volume than fertile controls. Total ovarian VI/FI/VFI were significantly higher in normal weight ( BMI < 25Kg/m 2 ) PCOS than their overweight (BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m 2 ). Conclusion : Fertile controls and PCOS women had similar total stromal ovarian 3D power Doppler indices ( VI/VF/VFI) . Normal weight PCOS women had significantly higher total ovarian 3D power Doppler indices than their overweight counter parts.
Biomarkers, shock index and modified early warning score among older medical hospital inpatients in Nigeria

Background: Biomarkers, shock index and modified early warning score (MEWS) are of public health importance because identification and prompt attention to them have been found to reduce mortality among older patients on admission. Objectives: A study was undertaken to determine the biomarkers, shock index and MEWS that predict mortality on admission among older medical hospital inpatients. Methods: This was a prospective study of 450 patients (≥ 60 years) on the medical wards of University College Hospital, Ibadan. Biomarkers recommended by the National Institute on Aging such as blood pressure, heart rate and pulse rate (cardiovascular functioning); cholesterol and triglycerides (metabolic processes); T-cell counts (immune system status) and weight, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio (indicators of obesity, chronic metabolic disorders and fat deposits) were assessed. Vital signs were recorded on admission and used to calculate the shock index and MEWS. Multivariate and survival analyses were carried out at p < 0.05. Results: Baseline temperature ≥ 39.0°c (p = 0.049), pulse rate ≥ 100 beats/minute (p = 0.034), systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 120 mmHg (p = 0.048), shock index ≥1.0 (p = 0.041), age shock index (p = 0.032) and critical illness score (MEWS ≥5) p = 0.019 were significantly associated with mortality. Independent predictors of mortality on Cox regression analysis were temperature ≥ 39.0°C (HR = 3.317 [1.281–8.590]) and SBP < 120 mmHg (HR = 1.845 [1.025–3.322]). Conclusion: Prompt identification and management of fever and low blood pressure should improve the survival of older medical hospital inpatients.
Three-year follow-up of clinical and inflammation parameters in children

Sub-lingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a safe and effective alternative to injective immunotherapy (1–10). SLIT is officially recognized by World Health Organization (WHO) (11) as an efficacious treatment for seasonal allergies; moreover the WHO ARIA statement acknowledges that the usage of SLIT in children with respiratory allergies is evidence-based (12). SLIT modulates the immune response to allergens through its activity at the oral mucosa, which is considered an immunologically privileged site (13). SLIT effect on the systemic immune response has been in some cases documented in terms of serum antibodies and peripheral blood T cell responses (2, 4, 9, 14, 15). However, most studies have failed to find any change in specific Marcucci F, Sensi L, Di Cara G, Salvatori S, Bernini M, Pecora S, Burastero SE. Three-year follow-up of clinical and inflammation parameters in children monosensitized to mites undergoing sub-lingual immunotherapy. PediatrAllergyImmunol2005:16:519–526. 2005BlackwellMunksgaard
Learning Capsule Networks with Images and Text

Among its potential but fundamental advantages, a capsule network attempts to better model part-whole relations in images by aggregating agreed votes from lower-level sub-entities. It is still, however, challenging to enforce capsules to represent meaningful parts and therefore the network to capture the intended part-whole composition. In this work we investigate enriched capsule nets on image classiﬁcation, guided by external textual knowledge that speciﬁes and constrains the desired parts and whole. Our preliminary results show a better performance of the proposed model over the original capsule networks on the ShapeNet screenshot dataset, which renders 3D objects with salient part-whole hierarchies.
The GPS Signal and Previous Attacks 2 . 1 The GPS Signal

Since its creation, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has grown from a limited purpose positioning system to a ubiquitous trusted source for positioning, navigation, and timing data. To date, researchers have essentially taken a signal processing approach to GPS security and shown that GPS is vulnerable to jamming and spoofing. In this work, we systematically map out a larger attack surface by viewing GPS as a computer system. Our surface includes higher level GPS protocol messages than previous work, as well as the GPS OS and downstream dependent systems. We develop a new hardware platform for GPS attacks, and develop novel attacks against GPS infrastructure. Our experiments on consumer and professionalgrade receivers show that GPS and GPS-dependent systems are significantly more vulnerable than previously thought. For example, we show that remote attacks via malicious GPS broadcasts are capable of bringing down up to 30% and 20% of the global CORS navigation and NTRIP networks, respectively, using hardware that costs about the same as a laptop. In order to improve security, we propose systems-level defenses and principles that can be deployed to secure critical GPS and dependent systems.
Impact on intraocular pressure before , during and after fish yoga pose

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of head-down position on intraocular pressure (IOP) during yoga pose in ageing subjects. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study which included 44 participants, total 88 eyes. Subjects were divided into two groups of 22 subjects based on age. The IOP was measured of both eyes of the subjects in 4 different positions. Results: There were significant difference in IOP baseline between two positions in both groups (p=0,000) and between age of the participants (p=0,000). During the yoga pose, the IOP was significantly higher than top value of the normal range of IOP (>21 mmHg) after 1 minute of exercise. In both groups (younger (Y) and older (O)) the IOP changes: 1. Seated position before yoga pose – IOP(Y)=16 mmHg; IOP(O)=15,3 mmHg 2. Yoga pose – IOP(Y)=24,6 mmHg; IOP(O)=22.4 mmHg 3. Immediately after yoga pose entered in sitting position IOP(Y)=19 mmHg; IOP(O)=16,6 mmHg 4. After 5 min in sitting position IOP(Y)=15,5 mmHg; IOP(O)=15 mmHg Conclusions: In both groups the highest IOP was found during the head down yoga pose. However, the IOP significantly returns to the initial value as it was before the yoga pose in both groups.
Iconicity in child-narratives . Does gesture-speech integration of preschoolers really differ from adults ?

The intriguing and still not completely studied issue is the role of iconic gestures in language development. We know from previous work [4, 5, 2, 3] that ∼ 54% of semantic features in adult’s gestures are redundant with speech. Work by [1] suggests that children in the age of 5-10 produce more complementary gestures than adults. That is, apparently, the child gesture-speech system is less integrated than those of the adults. [1] proposed a coding system to study gesturespeech integration which is based on assigning semantic tags to speech and gesture separately (like, e.g., spin to the word ’spin’ and to the corresponding iconic gesture). This system allows to assess whether particular gesture meanings are present in speech (redundant) or not. However, the authors did not consider the semantics of speech in the absence of gesture. Speech was only coded in combination with gesture but not separately. Doing so disregards the individual differences among speakers. There are persons who gesture more, others gesture less. Nevertheless, they are able to express the same meanings either using 1.gesture-only, 2.speech-only or 3.both modalities. Moreover, as our empirical study reveals, there is more than a one-to-one mapping between speech and gesture semantics. Often, even if the gesture is redundant, there is an additional meaning present in the gesture which is not explicitly uttered in the corresponding sentence (e.g., the shape of an object when the object is named). In this case, the gesture should not be considered as redundant but rather complementary. We studied the semantic coordination of speech and gesture in a corpus of 40 4 year-olds producing action descriptions in task oriented
Does intermarriage affect men and women differently ? Exogamy and earnings among Swedish immigrants 1990-2009

This paper analyzes the impact of intermarriage on the economic integration of immigrant men and women in Sweden, measured by annual earnings. We use longitudinal register data for the period 1990–2009 for the total population of immigrants born 1960–74. The results reveal large intermarriage premiums for men but much smaller premiums for women. Overall much of the intermarriage premiums result from selection effects as most are visible already at the time of marriage. Especially for immigrant men, the growth in the earnings premium of intermarriage continues also after marriage, pointing to possible causal effects as well. Moreover, for the most economically marginalized immigrants, men as well as women, there are even stronger indications of a causal effect as there seems to be no selection into intermarriage in terms of earnings but a strong intermarriage premium arising after union
A Novel Set of Geometric Verification Test Fields with Application to Distance Measures

As part of the second phase of the spatial forecast verification intercomparison project (ICP), dubbed the Mesoscale Verification Intercomparison in Complex Terrain (MesoVICT) project, a new set of idealized test fields is prepared. This paper describes these new fields and their rationale and uses them to analyze a number of summary measures associated with distance and geometric-based approaches. The results provide guidance about how they inform about performance under various scenarios. The new case comparisons are grouped into four categories: (i) pathological situations such as when a variable is zero valued at all grid points; (ii) circular events aimed at evaluating how different methods handle contrived situations, such as equal but opposite translations, the presence of multiple events of same/different size, boundary effects, and the influence of the positioning of events in the domain; (iii) elliptical events representing simplified scenarios that mimic commonly encountered weather phenomena in complex terrain; and (iv) cases aimed at analyzing how the verification methods handle small-scale scattered events, very large events with holes (e.g., a small portion of clear sky on a cloudy overcast day), and the presence of noise in one or both fields. Results show that all analyzed measures perform poorly in the pathological setting. They are either not able to provide a result at all or they instigate a special rule to prescribe a value resulting in erratic results. The analysis also showed that methods provide similar information in many situations, but that each has its positive properties along with certain unique limitations.
Volatility Determinants : Heterogeneity , Leverage , and Jumps ∗

We identify three main endogenous determinants in the dynamics of asset price volatility, namely heterogeneity, leverage, and jumps. We find that each of the three components plays a significant role in volatility forecasting and neglecting one of them is detrimental to the forecasting performance. Importantly, we find remarkable forecasting power for the negative past returns at all the considered frequencies, which unveils a novel heterogeneous structure in the leverage effect. We also show, using simulation studies, that the presence of jumps is important for two distinct reasons. Firstly, explicitly modeling jumps has trimming effect on the dynamics of the persistent volatility component. Secondly, they have a positive and significant impact on future volatility, although of a short-lived nature. JEL classification: C13; C22; C51; C53
The commercial transformation of Bolognina and its implications in the neighborhood gentrification process

In this paper I tie in with the argument that the changes in the commercial landscape taking place in many cities of economically advanced countries may play a role of primary importance in gentrification processes. Unlike several studies on gentrification mainly focused on the demographic and residential aspects of the process, I claim that commercial supply may actively affect practices of consumption, identification and socioeconomic transformation of a neighbourhood. Indeed, the effect of changes in commerce takes on particular importance in the redefinition of the daily practices of inhabitants, the aesthetics of certain areas and the overall representation of the neighbourhood. Also, it contributes to reshaping the neighbourhood even before an effective demographic composition change. At the same time, changes in commerce seem to have significant impact on the attraction of new residents and on the exclusion of specific social groups. This research is based on the findings of a study carried out on the Bolognina neighbourhood in the Italian city of Bologna. It was executed through observations of commercial supply and physical space, the analysis of data related to population structure and income concentration, a series of interviews to local key informants, and a further set of interviews to long-term residents and new ones. This work starts with a theoretical introduction of the problem, considering gentrification as a process that may be related to the ongoing changes in the context of globalization. Agreeing with Butler (2005), I argue that the conceptual strength of gentrification lies in its ability to shed light on how transformations of the external economy have affected the relationships between people and the places where they live. Therefore, the role played by commerce in gentrification processes is analysed within the wider transformation process of the economic base of globalised cities. The second part is focused on the empirical study of Bolognina, highlighting the connection between commercial landscape and gentrification. In particular, the transformations of the commercial fabric, the aesthetic features of new businesses and their target customers are analysed. At the same time, the consumption practices of residents are taken into account, in order to identify the commercial enterprises and loisir places that are most attended by long-term residents and gentrifiers. Furthermore, particular attention is paid to the role of institutions in fostering the regeneration of the neighbourhood. Urban
Firm Survival and the Evolution of Market Structure : The Case of the Japanese Motorcycle Industry ∗

This paper explores firm survival and the evolution of market structure in the Japanese motorcycle industry during 1946–1965. In the post-war era, the number of firms grew rapidly and peaked in 1953 at 200, and then declined sharply for the first 20 years. As a consequence, only four firms survived, and the industry evolved to be an oligopoly. To address what caused the shakeout of firms, we examine the determinants of firm survival. It is found that firms which made early entry and had previous experience in motor vehicle manufacturing tend to survive longer. It is also found that offering high-quality products, broadening product-line, and avoiding product-line overlap from rivals played significant roles in the survival of firms.
Discussion Paper Series Number 101 Informal Sector : The Credit Market Channel

We build a model of firms’ choice between formality and informality. Complying with costly registration procedures allows the firms to benefit from key public goods, enforcement of property rights and contracts, that make the participation in the formal credit market possible. In a moral hazard framework with credit rationing, their decision is shaped by the interaction between the cost of entry into formality, and the relative efficiency of formal versus informal credit mechanisms and their related institutional arrangements. The model is consistent with existing stylized facts on the determinants of infor-
Geographic Geographic Information for Command and Control Systems: Demonstration of Emergency Support

This paper deals with the issue of integration of geographic information (GI) into (existing) command and control systems. The main motivations and benefits of such integration are described at the beginning. Open as well as proprietary solutions are discussed. The core of the paper lies in the definition of the Emergency Support System, including the user requirements, architecture, field tests and assessment. Beside others, conclusions depict issues of a system based on the Service Oriented Architecture that is integrated into a command and control system. Such issues consist of existing procedures and processes in crisis and emergency management, connection to other components of Spatial Data Infrastructures and future development.
Non-Scale Growth , Endogenous Comparative Advantages , and Industrialization

This paper develops a two-sector non-scale growth model and investigates the relationship between international trade, growth, and industrialization. It is shown that the counterfactual prediction of new growth theories regarding a positive effect of population growth on the growth rate of per capita income is alleviated in consideration of international trade. While the growth-trade linkage is positive in most cases, it is negative if the rate of population growth is relatively large and the initial capital stock is relatively small. As the timing of the switch from autarky to free trade affects the process of industrialization, trade policy can influence long-run growth rates even in non-scale growth models.