Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diallel analysis in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) for fruit yield, its attributes and bacterial wilt resistance

A complete diallel cross study was carried out with six parents (Surya, L-3270, L-3263, R-2586, Arka Shirish and R-2583) and their F1 progeny, to determine heterotic patterns and combining ability for fruit yield, its attributes and bacterial wilt resistance. Considerable magnitude of heterosis was expressed in F1s for yield per plant character. The four hybrids viz., L-3270 X R-2586 (42.67%), L-3263 X L-3270 (30.91%), Arka Shirish X Surya (27.91%) and R-2583 X Surya (26.41%) qualify to be of commercial value as they manifested significant heterosis over resistant check (Arka Anand) for yield per plant with higher per se resistance to bacterial wilt. Combining ability analysis revealed that the majority of the characters were under the control of non-additive gene action as SCA variances were greater than GCA variances. It was evident from the research that additive variance (Va) was higher than dominance variance (Vd) in number of branches at 90 DAT, days to 50% flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter and number of fruits per plant which indicates preponderance of additivity in these characters, whereas in other thirteen cases dominance variance (Vd) was higher than additive variance (Va). Reciprocal cross differences were observed in most of the crosses with high SCA effects, so that the significance of reciprocal cross difference for all the characters exhibited the presence of a maternal effect.
Linking primary production, climate and land use along an urban–wildland transect: a satellite view

Variation of green vegetation cover influences local climate dynamics, exchange of water–heat between land and atmosphere, and hydrological processes. However, the mechanism of interaction between vegetation and local climate change in subtropical areas under climate warming and anthropogenic disturbances is poorly understood. We analyzed spatial–temporal trends of vegetation with moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation index datasets over three sections, namely urban, urban–rural fringe and wildland along an urban–wildland transect in a southern mega-city area in China from 2000–2008. The results show increased photosynthetic activity occurred in the wildland and the stable urban landscape in correspondence to the rising temperature, and a considerable decrease of vegetation activity in the urban–rural fringe area, apparently due to urban expansion. On analyzing the controlling factors of climate change and human drivers of vegetation cover change, we found that temperature contributed to vegetation growth more than precipitation and that rising temperature accelerated plant physiological activity. Meanwhile, human-induced dramatic modification of land cover, e.g. conversion of natural forest and cropland to built-up areas in the urban–rural fringe, has caused significant changes of green vegetation fraction and overall primary production, which may further influence local climate.
EXPLORING HETEROSIS FOR SEED COTTON YIELD IN UPLAND COTTON UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES

An experiment during the years 2003 and 2004 was conducted to explore the Heterosis in 15 F1 hybrids along with the performance of 6 parents regarding seed cotton yield per plant under 3 irrigation treatments (2, 4 and 7 irrigations). Results revealed that statistically all the parents and hybrids exhibited significant variation among them. Parents Marvi, CRIS-134 and CRIS-52 showed better performance regarding seed cotton yield per plant under all the three irrigation treatments. Hybrids Marvi x CRIS-134, Marvi x CRIS191 and CRIS-52 x CRIS-191 showed positive and constantly higher heterosis estimates over mid and better parent values under all the three irrigation treatments. Thus these parents viz., Marvi, CRIS-134 and CRIS-52 are recommended for sowing in the areas where there is shortage of water. Further these parents may be utilized extensively to develop above three specific hybrids for sowing in drought conditions and also for development of commercial varieties resistant to drought for Sindh province.
Emotion Expression on Social Networking Sites

The healthy dosage of emotion expression through the proper channel is important for well-being. With the growing use of social networking sites (SNS), many may choose to express emotions online. The present study explores the pattern of emotion expression on SNS among young persons in the United Kingdom. One hundred participants aged between 18-28 were invited to a survey study, investigating the influence of personality, offline emotion expression, and interpersonal relationship on one’s emotion expression on Facebook and Tweeter. Results revealed that most participants chose to interact with friends or family members in real world to disclose their emotions but not to use SNS, especially when negative emotions were concerned. Participants also reported little benefit to express negative emotions on SNS in comparison to speaking to friends or family members. Moreover, people also posted significantly more positive than negative information on SNS. Among all psychological variables tested, only personality trait extroversion significantly predicted the proportion of positive posts people published on SNS: the higher the extroversion score, the more likely one posted positive information on SNS. In conclusion, young persons in the UK do not overly rely on SNS to disclose their emotions; and the pattern of emotion expression offline and the availability of support in real world do not influence one’s usage of SNS on emotion disclosure. KeywordsEmotion expression; Positive and negative emotions; Social networking sites; Personality
Handbook of ion channels

Basic Concepts Electricity, nerves, batteries: A short history Clay M. Armstrong Ion selectivity and conductance Dorothy M. Kim, Jason G. McCoy, and Crina M. Nimigean Basic mechanisms of voltage sensing Sandipan Chowdhury and Baron Chanda Ligand-dependent gating mechanism William N. Zagotta Mechanosensitive channels and their emerging gating mechanisms Sergei Sukharev and Andriy Anishkin Ion Channel Methods Patch clamping and single-channel analysis Leon D. Islas Models of ion channel gating Frank T. Horrigan and Toshinori Hoshi Utilizing Markov chains to model ion channel sequence variation and kinetics Anthony Fodor Investigation of ion channel structure using fluorescence spectroscopy Rikard Blunck A practical guide to solving the structure of an ion channel protein Tahmina Rahman and Declan A. Doyle Structural study of ion channels by cryo-electron microscopy Qiu-Xing Jiang and Liang Shi Rosetta structural modeling Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy Genetic methods for studying ion channel function in physiology and disease Andrea L. Meredith Ion channel inhibitors Jon Sack and Kenneth S. Eum High-throughput methods for ion channels Haibo Yu and Min Li Ion Channel Families Voltage-gated sodium channels William A. Catterall BK channels Huanghe Yang and Jianmin Cui Inward rectifying potassium channels Monica Sala-Rabanal and Colin G. Nichols Two-pore domain potassium channels Leigh D. Plant and Steve A.N. Goldstein KCNQ channels Nikita Gamper and Mark S. Shapiro Ionotropic glutamate receptors Andrew Plested 5-HT3 receptors Sarah C.R. Lummis GABAA receptors Trevor G. Smart Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels Michael D. Varnum and Gucan Dai Acid-sensing ion channels Cecilia Canessa Degenerin/ENaC channels James D. Stockand TRPC channels Jin-Bin Tian, Dhananjay Thakur, Yungang Lu, and Michael X. Zhu TRPV channels Sharona E. Gordon TRPM channels David D. McKemy TRPML channels Qiong Gao, Xiaoli Zhang, and Haoxing Xu CLC chloride channels and transporters Giovanni Zifarelli and Michael Pusch Ca-activated chloride channels Xiuming Wong and Lily Jan Store-operated CRAC channels Murali Prakriya Ion Channel Regulation Mechanism of G-protein regulation of K+ channels Rahul Mahajan and Diomedes E. Logothetis Calmodulin regulation of voltage-gated calcium channels and beyond Manu Ben-Johny and David T. Yue Phosphorylation of voltage-gated ion channels James S. Trimmer and Hiroaki Misonou Alternative splicing Andrea L. Meredith Single transmembrane regulatory subunits of voltage-gated potassium channels William R. Kobertz and Anatoli Lvov Ion Channel Physiology and Diseases Ion channels of the heart Donald M. Bers and Eleonora Grandi Ion channels in pain J.P. Johnson, Jr. CLC-related proteins in diseases Allan H. Bretag and Linlin Ma Cystic fibrosis and the CFTR anion channel Yoshiro Sohma and Tzyh-Chang Hwang Drugs targeting ion channels KeWei Wang Index
Benchmarking of project planning and success in selected industries

Purpose – To identify the industry in which projects are best planned and executed and use it as a benchmark for improving project planning in other industries.Design/methodology/approach – Based on data collected from 280 project managers, project success and quality of project planning were evaluated and analyzed for four industries – construction and engineering, software and communications, services, and production and maintenance.Findings – Quality of project planning was found to be the highest in construction and engineering organizations and the lowest in manufacturing organizations. This is a result of a few factors, among them the intensive organizational support which is offered to project managers working in construction and engineering organizations. The other three industries limit their support mostly to tactical aspects, such as the purchasing of project management software. The high quality of project planning in the construction and engineering organizations resulted in their ability to .
Frequency of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders among Medical and Dental Undergraduate students in Karachi by Fonseca Questionnaire

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of Tempormandibular joint disorder (TMD) among medical and dental undergraduate student, its severity and distribution among different gender and age group by using Fonseca questionnaire.Methods: The design of the study was cross-sectional and data were collected by non-probability purposive sampling by providing the brief questionnaire consist of ten questions. After informing the purpose of study, those who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria, asked to fill the questionnaire. Total three hundred and seventy two forms were filled completely considered in the study out of four hundred, with 93% response rate. The answer were filled by marking “yes”, “sometimes” and “no” and code allocated to individual answer like “10”, “5” and “0” respectively.Results: Total 372 samples were responded in this survey, The study revealed that out of total 372 students, No TMD were observed with 214 (57.4%), with TMD were observed with 159 ( 42.6%), among them mild TMD 122(32.7%), moderate TMD 29(7.8%), severe TMD 8 (2.1%). Severity of TMD gives association with education. Besides, as age of students increases the level of symptoms also increase. On the other hand, between gender, females are more affected.Conclusion: Our study found that the TMD is a common problem in studied participants and the severity of TMD was found higher among dental students. Temporo-mandibular joint disorders give association with gender.
Feeding of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Characidae): a post impoundment studies on Itaipu reservoir, upper Paraná River, PR

With objective to know feeding spectrum of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874), a middle size predator in different places of influence area of Itaipu reservoir, stomach contents were analyzed. Samples were collected from March 1984 to February 1989 from Itaipu Reservoir and its adjacent areas. Its fed mainly on fishes, but it was an opportunistic (consumed 17 species of prey). Despite of the wide feeding spectrum, few preys were dominant in the diet, according to the different habitats sampled. As a result, it significant spatial differences in the diet was observed. Was observed through "Detrented Correspondence Analysis" (DCA) these were divided into three groups in relation with diet: preys from upstream, with higher scores; preys from the reservoir, with intermediate scores; and preys from a tributary with smaller scores. This discrimination may be a function of prey availability in each habitat. The mean size of preys consumed increased with the size of the predator, as well as the variance, i. e. the largest fish also consumed small preys.
Gastroschisis: Prenatal Diagnosis and Outcome

The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate and identify prenatal predictors of perinatal outcomes of gastroschisis. Antenatal data included extra-abdomi-nal bowel dilatation (EABD) and intra-abdominal bowel dilatation (IABD). Perinatal data included gestational age, sex, and birth weight. Surgical data included presence of intestinal atresia, necrosis, perforation, strictures, and method of closure. Outcome data included duration of mechanical ventilation and total parenteral nutrition, pseudoobstruction, sepsis, reoperations, length of hospital stay, and mortality rates. Results were analyzed in 65 patients. EABD was documented in 55 patients with no significant difference between simple and complex gastroschisis group. In 27 patients (in 32% of simple and 73% of complex cases), IABD persisted until the last ultrasound scan. Simple gastroschisis group had a shorter hospital stay, shorter ventilation support duration, less bowel pseudoob- struction, less need for reoperation, and received less parenteral nutrition. The most frequent extraintestinal complication was sepsis. The only factor that has been shown to predict poorer outcomes of gastroschisis is the presence of complex gastroschisis. Current available evidence suggests that antenatal bowel dilatation is not associated with increased risk of adverse perinatal outcome in infants with gastroschisis. Also, the absence of bowel dilatation cannot fully exclude complex
White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis , Distribution and Severity Status in East and West Wollega Zones, Western Ethiopia

Mango is attacked by many insect pests which reduce the quality and productivity of the crop. Among the insect pests attacking mango plant, white mango scale is the most devastating insect pest. White mango scale, was reported since 2010 from Guto Gida district of East Wollega zone. The distribution and severity of white mango scale was studied in selected 5 districts and 10 kebeles of East and West Wollega and insect infestation and the degree of damage. Results of the survey showed that from the sampled five districts white mango scale distributed to all four districts except Mana Sibu. From the survey it was known that the maximum distance white mango scale dispersed from Loko Keble (Guto Gida district, which was assumed to be the source of original infestation) was 67 km to the West and 58 km to the East direction. Distribution and severity status comparisons between sampled districts and administrative kebele‟s for the formation of clusters of white mango scale per leave per mango showed significant difference at P=0.05 indicating different pest status in the study areas. Moreover, yield data before and after mango scale appearance showed high significant difference. From the current survey it was found that white mango scale is becoming the most important limiting factor for mango production in Western Ethiopia. The dispersal rate is alarming indicating that within a short period of time the pest can invade the whole of Western Ethiopia particularly Wollega zones. Hence, due attention should be given to this pest, so that ecologically friendly management options will be made available for the mango growers in that part of the country in particular and Ethiopia in general. Keywords: White mango scale Cluster formation Insect pest Distribution Severity status
Low regularity global solutions of the Dirac-Klein-Gordon equations in one space dimension

We prove global existence for the Dirac-Klein-Gordon equa- tions in one space dimension with ψ ∈ L 2 (charge class) and φ ∈ H 1/4 . This improves the global existence result of Fang (7) by 1/ 4+ � deriva- tives in φ. The proof relies on bilinear estimates for solutions of the Dirac equation and a decomposition of the spinor field into 'left' and 'right' spinors.
Cr ( III ) BEHAVIOR IN FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS : HOW RELIABLE ARE ECOTOXICOLOGICAL DATA FOR Daphnia magna ?

Chromium occurs in the environment in two thermodynamically stable oxidation states, Cr(VI) and Cr(III). Always trivalent chromium is considered relatively harmless. Upon addition to laboratory test media, Cr(III) rapidly undergo hydrolysis and form sparingly soluble Cr oxyhydroxydes that may lower the actual concentration of Cr(III) that potentially leading to a underestimation of its toxicity. On this basis, we investigated the ecotoxicity of Cr(III) to Daphnia magna in two exposure media of similar hardness, but of different alkalinity. Chromium concentrations were repeatedly measured over test duration and its chemical speciation was estimated using the software Visual MINTEQ-3.0. In the high alkalinity medium, no Cr remained in the exposure solution after 24h and, no acute toxic effects were observed. Modelling of Cr speciation indicated insoluble Cr(OH)3 as the dominant species. Conversely, in the low alkalinity test medium, charged, soluble Cr(III) species were predicted to be predominant and toxicity was observed. Acute and chronic EC50s were 14.1 and 1.9 mg/L, respectively, when based on the time weighed mean for total Cr concentration. The same values expressed in terms of soluble Cr(III) species, assumed to be responsible for the observed toxicity, were around 8 and 0.3 mg/L, respectively. The ecotoxicity of Cr(III) needs a re-assessment based on the use of protocols for sparingly soluble substances to account for the rapid decrease in exposure concentrations.
Ecological distribution of stream macroalgae in different spatial scales using taxonomic and morphological groups

We examined the ecological distribution of macroalgal communities in streams using species groups (taxonomic units = algal phyla, and morphological = morphological types) with similar structures and functions instead of the species themselves. The study was conducted from June to July/2007 in two drainage basins located in mid-southern region of Parana State , Brazil. Evaluations of macroalgal communities took into consideration the following spatial scales: the drainage basin (the Pedras river and Marrecas river basins), shading regime (open and shaded stream segments), mesohabitats (riffles and pools), and microhabitats (sampling units of 0.05m2). A total of 29 taxa (23 subgeneric, one generic, and five vegetative groups) were identified. On these, 12 taxa belong to Chlorophyta, 11 to Cyanobacteria, four to Heterokontophyta, and two to Rhodophyta. The proportions of morphological types were: 24% free filaments, 17.25% mats, tufts, gelatinous colonies, and gelatinous filaments, 7% crusts. In terms of spatial scales, we observed a predominance of Chlorophyta in open stream segments and Cyanobacteria in shaded stream segments, reflecting the loss of competitive advantage of green algae in sites with low energy availability. In the mesohabitats, the morphological types recorded in pools were predominantly poorly adapted to fast currents (free filaments), while those found in riffles (mats, tufts and gelatinous filaments) were highly resistant to fast water flows. As such, the use of species groupings based on algal taxonomy associated with morphological characteristics proved to be useful to understanding the distributions of these organisms in lotic environments.
Silurian Thelodonts from the Niur Formation, Central Iran

Thelodont scales are described from the Silurian Niur Formation in the Derenjal Mountains, east central Iran. The material studied herein comes from four stratigraphic levels, composed of rocks formed in a shallow water, carbonate ramp environment. The fauna includes a new phlebolepidiform, Niurolepis susanae gen. et sp. nov. of late Wenlock/? early Lud-low age and a late Ludlow loganelliiform, Loganellia sp. cf. L. grossi, which constitute the first record of these thelodont groups from Gondwana. The phlebolepidiform Niurolepis susanae gen. et sp. nov. is diagnosed by having trident trunk scales with a raised medial crown area separated by two narrow spiny wings from the lateral crown areas; a katoporodid-type histological structure distinguished by a network of branched wide dentine canals. Other scales with a notch on a smooth rhomboidal crown and postero-laterally down-stepped lateral rims have many characters in common with Loganellia grossi. Associated with the thelodonts are indeterminable acanthodian scales and a possible dentigerous jaw bone fragment. This finding also provides evidence of a hitherto unknown southward dispersal of Loganellia to the shelves of peri-Gondwana.
Does spray mango kernel (Mangifera indica Linn.) prolong the shelf life of beef sausages

The study was aimed to look at the effect of different forms of mango kernels (MK) on the shelf life of refrigerated beef sausages over 12 days of cold storage. The (MK) was chemically and microbiologically analyzed. Beef sausages were treated with MK in 3 states, as dry ground (1.5%), an extract (1.5%) and spray MK extract (1.5%) over minced beef of sausages. Two controls were used; BHT 0.02% and no additives. A series of analyses were performed after treatments; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), analysis of color, myoglobin and odor. The results indicated that different forms of MK added to the beef sausages had different effects on its shelf life. Furthermore, the sprayed MK extract has significantly (P ? 0.05) lowered metmyoglobin (MMb) and TBARS and increased oxymyoglobin (MbO 2 ), odor score and a* (redness) than other forms. The potential effects of the sprayed MK may be due to a cloud of droplets cover the large surfaces of minced beef sausages with efficient extracted antioxidants. MK is source of flavonoids 142mg/g F.W. GAE. The spraying of MK at 1.5% showed an improvement of E. coli from minced beef and beef sausages that were less than 10 cfu g -1 . Also the concentrations of yeasts and moulds were not detected at day 12 of storage. Hierarchically, sprayed MK extract gave best results than ground MK or MK extract form which shows effective inhibitor of lipid oxidation and microbial growth of beef sausages.
Implementing Change in an Organization: A General Overview

As human beings we tend to be averse to change and resistant to anything that threatens the status quo. All organizations require constant change and innovation for improvement. Educational changes are often perceived by some of the stakeholders as being so problematic, that is, it is not the nature of the change itself but the nature of the knowledge, skills and attitudes. This review selectively examines some of the theoretical and empirical organizational change literature, and the implementation of change in organization. Two of the cornerstone models or theories for understanding and implementing organizational change are presented in this review. The one developed by Kurt Lewin in the 1940â€™s and the other developed by Lippitt, Watson, and Westley in 1958. These two models still hold true today. Research dealing with the behavioral reactions to change is also reviewed. The importance of trust is explored because whenever change is announced in any organization, the level of trust soars high on the radar of communication and relationships Bourne et al. [1]; Bourne et al. [2]; Bourne [3]; Fukuyama [4]. In other words, trust becomes a critical factor in influencing how the employees think, feel, and act with respect to the current change. In closing, the general observation is advanced that change may occur, whether we like it or not, and leadership should first consider how change affects employees before implementing change initiative. Also, the evaluation of the improvement (program or intervention) to uncover â€œwhat worksâ€ is a crucial part of implementing change in an organization.