Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of big data on supply chain management

ABSTRACT This study focuses on big data, which offer new opportunities, added value and operational excellence for existing supply chain practices. A survey was conducted among employees of multinational companies across the United States, the Middle East, Europe, Asia and Australia. Structural equation modelling was employed for the statistical analysis of the survey data. The results show that demand management, vendor rating, the Internet of things (IoT), analytics and data science affect the supply chain industry regarding operational excellence, cost savings, customer satisfaction, visibility and reducing the communication gap between demand management and supply chain management (SCM). The adoption of big data technology can create considerable value-added and monetary gain for firms and will soon become a standard throughout the industry. This research provides a new description of the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model by incorporating big data and SCM.
Structural changes and trade competitiveness in the Indian pharmaceutical industry in product patent regime

Purpose This paper aims to present structural changes and trade competitiveness in Indian pharmaceutical industry in pre and post product patent regime. The study shows the impact of product patent on market structure, ownership, trade, revealed comparative advantage, R&D and mergers and acquisitions. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on secondary data and extensive relevant conceptual and empirical literature review. Findings The study finds that this oligopoly Indian dominant pharmaceutical industry has many challenges ahead such as in R&D expenditure, patent expiration of many major drugs manufactured in Ireland, growing competition in generic global market, bulk drugs dependence on China, rise in the number of M&As, rising costs of new drug discovery and tightening safety and efficacy testing requirements. The smaller firms are likely to act as the contract manufacturers for medium and bigger companies at a lower value chain. The Normalised Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) index was calculated for top exporters of pharmaceutical. It was found that NRCA index of IPI has shown deterioration from 1996 to 2005 and thereafter, improvement except in the year 2009. Switzerland, Belgium and Ireland are the top three countries in NRCA index, which are followed by Germany, the UK and France. Originality/value It attempts to capture recent trends in market structure, comparative advantage indices, R&D, trade, M&A and ownership, especially in new IPR regime. There is a dearth of studies providing detailed analyses of India’s comparative advantage vis-a-vis other leading exporters of pharmaceutical products in the world. The paper would be of value to practitioners and scholars interested in structural changes of IPI, especially in product patent regime. The findings have significant implications for managers and government for future policymaking.
Corporate Social Responsibility Mediates Corporate Governance Index and Financial Performance in Indonesia

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact in Indonesia between: (a) the Indonesian Index of Corporate Governance, (b) corporate social responsibility, and (c) financial performance. The sample is companies in the Indonesia Institute for Corporate Governance (IICG). This study uses secondary data from the annual reports from 2014 to 2016. Our first result shows a significant impact between corporate governance and financial performance. Our second result shows that corporate governance has a significant effect on corporate social responsibility. However, our final result shows that corporate social responsibility does not significantly affect financial performance. Regulation by the government, namely the Indonesian Index of Corporate Governance (IICG), which is currently voluntary, in the future may become compulsory. There are two limitations of this study. The first limitation is that not all companies joined Indonesian Institution for Corporate Governance (IICG). The second limitation is that corporate social responsibility apparently does not mediate between index of corporate governance and financial performance.
Prevalence of different modes of parental care in birds

Estimates of the incidence of major classes of parental care by birds are drawn from classical studies that preceded both the publication of a massive secondary literature and the revolution driven by molecular approaches to avian phylogeny. Here, I review this literature in the light of new phylogenetic hypotheses and estimate the prevalence of six distinct modes of care: use of geothermal heat to incubate eggs, brood parasitism, male only care, female only care, biparental care and cooperative breeding. Female only care and cooperative breeding are more common than has previously been recognized, occurring in 8 and 9% of species, respectively. Biparental care by a pair bonded male and female is the most common pattern of care but at 81% of species, the pattern is less common than once believed. I identify several problems with existing hypotheses for the evolution of parental care and highlight a number of poorly understood contrasts which, once resolved, should help elucidate avian social evolution.
Effects of Chitosan as the Growth Stimulator for Grammatophyllum speciosum in Vitro Culture

The effects of chitosan, a biodegradable polymer, were studied in Grammatophyllum speciosum protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) in vitro culture. The chitosan concentration of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 or 100 mg/l were supplemented in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (1/2 MS) liquid or on agar media containing 2% (w/v) sucrose. The results showed that liquid medium supplemented with 15 mg/l chitosan showed the highest relative growth rate (7-fold increase) of PLBs. On 1/2 MS agar medium supplemented with 25 mg/l chitosan gave the highest relative growth rate (4-fold increase). The relative growth rate of G. speciosum PLBs on agar medium was significantly lower than that in liquid medium. Moreover, chitosan, supplemented to agar medium promoted shoot formation but not rooting. However, supplementation at too high a level, such as 100 mg/l can inhibit growth and kill PLBs. Keywords—Chitosan, Grammatophyllum speciosum, Growth stimulator
Novel Wolbachia-transinfected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes possess diverse fitness and vector competence phenotypes

Wolbachia pipientis from Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) is an endosymbiotic bacterium that restricts transmission of human pathogenic flaviviruses and alphaviruses, including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses, when introduced into the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti. To date, wMel-infected Ae. aegypti have been released in field trials in 5 countries to evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy for disease control. Despite the success in establishing wMel-infected mosquitoes in wild populations, and the well-characterized antiviral capabilities of wMel, transinfecting different or additional Wolbachia strains into Ae. aegypti may improve disease impact, and perhaps more importantly, could provide a strategy to account for the possible evolution of resistant arboviruses. Here, we report the successful transinfection of Ae. aegypti with the Wolbachia strains wMelCS (D. melanogaster), wRi (D. simulans) and wPip (Culex quinquefasciatus) and assess the effects on Ae. aegypti fitness, cytoplasmic incompatibility, tissue tropism and pathogen blocking in a laboratory setting. The results demonstrate that wMelCS provides a similar degree of protection against dengue virus as wMel following an infectious blood meal, and significantly reduces viral RNA levels beyond that of wMel following a direct challenge with infectious virus in mosquitoes, with no additional fitness cost to the host. The protection provided by wRi is markedly weaker than that of wMelCS, consistent with previous characterisations of these lines in Drosophila, while wPip was found to substantially reduce the fitness of Ae. aegypti. Thus, we determine wMelCS as a key candidate for further testing in field-relevant fitness tests and viremic blood feeding challenges in a clinical setting to determine if it may represent an alternative Wolbachia strain with more desirable attributes than wMel for future field testing.
Reforming the ICE regulations: What chance now

The Warwick Papers in Industrial Relations series publishes the work of members of the Industrial Relations Research Unit (IRRU) and people associated with it. Papers may be of topical interest or require presentation outside of the normal conventions of a journal article. A formal editorial process ensures that standards of quality and objectivity are maintained. University Press 2012) into the (disappointingly limited) impact of the regulations to argue for significant reforms to increase their effectiveness. The elaboration of precise, evidence-based recommendations for improvement makes this paper distinctively and immediately relevant for policy. Moreover, as the previous Warwick Paper in Industrial Relations (no 101 by K. Hoque and N. Bacon) makes clear this work becomes even more topical in the context of the Trade Union Bill introduced into Parliament in the Summer of 2015. While Hall and colleagues do not deal with strikes directly, comparative reflections on the potential of workplace information and consultation bodies, e.g. works councils, in preventing industrial action have circulated for decades (e.g. J Rogers and W Streeck, 1995). As discussed by Hoque and Bacon in their paper, the reduction of facility time envisaged by the Trade Union Bill may worsen employment relations in the public sector and go in the opposite direction to what the evidence provided by Hall and colleagues would recommend. Abstract Drawing on analysis of 2004 and 2011 WERS data and extensive case studies of employee consultation bodies, this paper highlights major problems with the regulatory design and enforcement of the Information and Consultation of Employees Regulations 2004 and advocates reforms to improve their effectiveness in promoting and embedding meaningful consultation arrangements. Crucially, under the current regulations, the support of 10 per cent of the workforce is necessary for employees to initiate the statutory procedures. But union engagement with the legislation has been limited, and only rarely have non-union employees self-organised to trigger their consultation rights. The regulations have therefore proved peripheral, leaving wide scope for management inaction or unilateralism, and for unenforceable and substandard consultation arrangements. Key amendments proposed include lowering or preferably abolishing the workforce support threshold for triggering the regulations, integrating unions into the legal framework and applying minimum standards to voluntary agreements. The May 2015 election result means that there is little or no prospect government support for such changes during the current parliament. While moves underway at EU level may lead to some regulatory reform in this area, …
ANALISIS PENGARUH DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, RETURN ON EQUITY, DAN EARNING PER SHARE TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN FARMASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2012-2017

ABSTRACT This research aims to: (i) test the hypothesis of whether there is the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, and Earning Per Share on the stock price of pharmaceutical companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2017, both partially and simultaneously, and (ii) analyze the implications of the research results about Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, and Earning Per Share on pharmaceutical companies stock price for companies and investors. The research sample consisted of 6 pharmaceutical companies which were determined based on purposive sampling technique. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with SPSS 23 for windows was used to analyze data and test the hypotheses. The results of this research show that the variable of Debt to Equity Ratio and Earning Per Share partially have a significant effect on the stock price, while the Return on Equity variable has no significant effect on the stock price. Simultaneously, the variable of Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, and Earning Per Share have a significant effect on the stock price. Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, and Earning Per Share variables could explain the stock price of pharmaceutical companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2017 by 67.3%, while the rest of 32.7% could be explained by other variables outside the model of this research. Keywords: Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, Earning Per Share, Stock Price ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (i) menguji hipotesis apakah terdapat pengaruh Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, dan Earning Per Share terhadap harga saham perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2017 baik secara parsial maupun simultan, dan (ii) menganalisis implikasi hasil penelitian mengenai Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, dan Earning Per Share terhadap harga saham perusahaan farmasi bagi perusahaan dan investor. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 6 perusahaan farmasi yang ditentukan berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda dengan SPSS 23 for windows digunakan untuk menganalisis data dan menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Debt to Equity Ratio dan Earning Per Share secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham, sementara variabel Return on Equity tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara simultan variabel Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, dan Earning Per Share berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. Variabel Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, dan Earning Per Share mampu menjelaskan harga saham perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2017 sebesar 67,3%, sementara sisanya sebesar 32,7% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian. Kata kunci: Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, Earning Per Share, Harga Saham
Is Local Produce Really More Expensive? A Comparison of Direct Market and Conventional Grocery Produce Pricing

As fresh produce growers look to expand their markets to include lower-income consumers, they must overcome consumer perceptions that direct markets, such as farmers’ markets, are expensive and elitist. The absence of pricing data makes comparisons very difficult, which perpetuates misconceptions. This study uses fresh produce pricing data collected at farmers’ markets and grocery stores in northern Utah in Summer 2016 to illustrate actual pricing differences across outlets. Results show that, on average, farmers’ markets are more expensive, but location and produce item greatly influence price, especially for organics. Locally owned grocery stores were less expensive than national brands.
Identifying Target Risk Factors Using Population Attributable Risks of Ischemic Stroke by Age and Sex

Background and Purpose Estimating age- and sex-specific population attributable risks (PARs) of major risk factors for stroke may be a useful strategy to identify risk factors for targeting preventive strategies. Methods For this case-control matched study, consecutive patients aged 18-90 years and admitted to nine nationwide hospitals with acute ischemic stroke between December 2008 and June 2010, were enrolled as cases. Controls, individually matched by age and sex, were chosen from the 4th Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2010). Based on odds ratios and prevalence, standardized according to the age and sex structure of the Korean population, PARs of major risk factors were estimated according to age (young, ≤ 45; middle-aged, 46-65; and elderly, ≥ 66 years) and sex subgroups. Results In 4,743 matched case-control sets, smoking (PAR, 45.1%) was the greatest contributing risk factor in young men, followed by hypertension (28.5%). In middle-aged men, the greatest contributing factors were smoking (37.4%), hypertension (22.7%), and diabetes (14.6%), whereas in women the greatest factors were hypertension (22.7%) and stroke history (10.6%). In the elderly, hypertension was the leading factor in men (23.7%) and women (23.4%). Other noticeable factors were stroke history (men, 19.7%; women, 17.3%) and diabetes (men, 12.5%; women, 15.1%). In young women, risk factors with a PAR greater than 10% were not found. Conclusions Smoking cessation in young people and hypertension and diabetes control in older people may be effective in reducing the burden of stroke on the population. In the elderly, secondary prevention could also be emphasized.
Referral of elderly patients with severe renal failure: questionnaire survey of physicians

The proportion of elderly people in the United Kingdom is increasing. The increasing number of those with renal failure is reflected in an increase in the total number of elderly patients receiving renal replacement. In 1992, 12% of patients undergoing such treatment were over 75 compared with 3% in 1982. Dialysis is feasible in elderly people,1 2 3 but there may be bias against referring elderly patients with renal failure to nephrologists.2 3 4 The reasons for low referral rates are unclear but may include lack of resources, poor prognosis, or judgments about the quality of life of elderly people. To study the factors applying to the referral of elderly patients with renal failure we undertook a questionnaire survey of hospital physicians. We sent 203 questionnaires to general physicians and elderly …
Domains of the human androgen receptor and glucocorticoid receptor involved in binding to the nuclear matrix

Steroid receptors have been reported to bind to the nuclear matrix. The nuclear matrix is operationally defined as the residual nuclear structure that remains after extraction of most of the chromatin and all soluble and loosely bound componnets. To obtain insight in the molecular mechanism of the interaction of steroid receptors with the nuclear matrix, we studied the binding of several deletion mutants of the human androgen receptor (hAR) and the human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) to the nuclear matrix. Receptor binding was tested for two different nuclear matrix preparations: complete matrices, in which most matrix proteins are retained during the isolation procedure, and depleted matrices, which consist of only a subset of these proteins. The results show that the C‐terminal domain of the hAR binds tightly to both depleted and complete matrices. In addition, at least one other domain of the hAR binds to complete matrices but not to depleted matrices. In contrast to the hAR, the hGR binds only to complete matrices. For this interaction both the DNA‐binding domain and the C‐terminal domain of the hGR are required, whereas the N‐terminal domain is not. We conclude that specific protein domains of the hAR and the hGR are involved in binding to the nuclear matrix. In addition, our results indicate that the hAR and the hGR are attached to the nuclear matrix through different molecular interactions.
Therapy for human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Much is known about the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from the time of cell attachment to the release of mature virions (Figure 1), and drugs that interfere with many of the steps in HIV replication have been developed and tested in vitro. These drugs include inhibitors of reverse transcriptase, protease, and a regulatory protein, Tat (Table 1). Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase can prevent the spread of infectious virus to new cells but do not interfere with the replication of HIV genomes that are integrated into the host genome. Two of the most promising agents target .
PENGARUH DPK, NPL, LDR DAN SUKU BUNGA KREDIT TERHADAP PENYALURAN KREDIT UMKM (STUDI PADA BPR DI KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2013-2016)

The study aims to determine the effect of third-party Funds (DPK)), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Loan Interest Rates to UMKM lending. This research is quantitative by using secondary data. The population in this study ias all Rural Banks (BPR) in Semarang City registered in the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the period of 2013-2016. By using purposive sampling method, obtained a sample of 64 banks. This research use analysis tool that is doubled linear regression. The variables in this study consist of four independent variabels which include third-party Funds (DPK), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Loan Interest Rate and one dependent variable UMKM credit distribution. Based on the results found that the DPK has a positive and significant impact on the credit distribution of UMKM, the NPL has no negative and significant impact on the lending of UMKM, the LDR has a positive and significant impact on the credit distribution of UMKM, and the Interest Rates has no negative and significant impact on the lending of UMKM.
Prevalence of Parasitic Helminthes among Slaughtered Animals in Slaughterhouses in Taiz, Yemen

1 Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, China 2 Department of Parasitology & Immunology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Yemen 3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Yemen 4 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, China Pharmaceutical University, China 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biology, Hunan University, China *Corresponding author
A Recursive Net-Grid-Type Analog Fractance Circuit for Any Order Fractional Calculu

The paper puts forward and discusses a 1/2 order net-grid-type analog fractance circuit. Furthermore, it finds out that our 1/2 order net-grid analog fractance circuit is superior to the classical 1/2 order tree-type one by comparing the structure and function of each other. On this bases, it further puts forward and discusses a general recursive net-grid-type analog fractance circuit for any order fractional calculus. The results educing by the paper are the basis for further theoretic research and engineering implement for structuring fractance circuit of any order fractional calculus
Equity Issuance in Mexico.

This dissertation examines the equity issuance process from an international perspective. Specifically/ it examines the underpricing, long run stock price performance and operating performance of Mexican ADR IPOs compared to that of domestic Mexican IPOs. This study also examines the share price response to global seasoned equity offerings by Mexican firms. Mexican IPOs and global seasoned equity issues by Mexican firms are further distinguished based on the nature of the foreign tranche, that is whether it is a Level III (public offering) or a 144A (private placement) issue. This distinction is maintained throughout the study owing to the differences and the unique nature of these markets. ADR IPOs and ADR seasoned equity offerings are generally undertaken by large, well established Mexican firms and underwritten by prestigious underwriters. In addition, ADR issues incur substantial costs such as listing fees, increased disclosure of information, and costs incurred in complying with SEC rules and regulations. There are also benefits of an international listing such as increased investor recognition, an enlarged investor base and a higher degree of monitoring and certification.