Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1 Biology of Human Tumors Q 1 2 T-box Transcription Factor Brachyury Is Associated with 3 Prostate Cancer Progression and Q 2 Aggressiveness 4 5

7 Abstract 8 Purpose: Successful therapy of patients with prostate cancer is highly dependent on reliable diagnostic 9 and prognostic biomarkers. Brachyury is considered a negative prognostic factor in colon and lung cancer; 10 however, there are no reports on Brachyury’s expression in prostate cancer. 11 Experimental Design: In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of Brachyury expression in prostate 12 tumorigenesis using a large series of human prostate samples comprising benign tissue, prostate intrae13 pithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions, localized tumor, and metastatic tissues. The results obtained were 14 compared with what can be inferred from the Oncomine database. In addition, multiple in vitro models 15 of prostate cancer were used to dissect the biologic role of Brachyury in prostate cancer progression. 16 Results:We found that Brachyury is significantly overexpressed in prostate cancer andmetastatic tumors 17 when compared with normal tissues, both at protein and at mRNA levels. Brachyury expression in the 18 cytoplasm correlates with highly aggressive tumors, whereas the presence of Brachyury in the nucleus is 19 correlated with tumor invasion. We found that Brachyury-positive cells present higher viability, prolifer20 ation, migration, and invasion rates than Brachyury-negative cells. Microarray analysis further showed that 21 genes co-expressed with Brachyury are clustered in oncogenic-related pathways, namely cell motility, cell22 cycle regulation, and cell metabolism. 23 Conclusions: Collectively, the present study suggests that Brachyury plays an important role in prostate 24 cancer aggressiveness and points, for the first time, to Brachyury as a significant predictor of poor prostate 25 cancer prognosis.Ourwork paves theway for future studies assessing Brachyury as a possible prostate cancer 26 therapeutic target. Clin Cancer Res; 1–13. 2014 AACR. 27 28 29
1 1 A Multi-scale Approach to 2 Designing Therapeutics for Tuberculosis 3 4 5 6

Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. Accepted Manuscript Integrative Biology
Optical power limiter with picosecond response time

Optical self-action in CS 2 and other liquids was used to make a power-limiting device having a picosecond response time. This device uses self-focusing in liquids to produce phase aberrations and laser-induced breakdown, which in turn limit the transmitted power. This device has near-unity transmission for input power below P c , which is on the order of the critical power for self-focusing, and limits the transmitted power to a nearly constant value for input power greater than P c . The onset of nonlinear transmission was adjusted by mixing various liquids to adjust the nonlinear refractive index. Experimental results using linearly and circularly polarized 40 ps (FWHM) pulses at 1.06 μm are presented.
Tracking Time in the Infant Brain

From early on, infants learn to detect, predict, and adjust to internal and external events through interaction with their environment. Research shows that aspects of timing inherent in these events seem to modulate and facilitate infants’ perceptual and cognitive processing. In addition to allowing for inferences about developmental trajectories and dynamics in human ontogeny, the investigation of these timing mechanisms in infants also allows the study of the structures and functions that build the foundation of the later, mature cognitive system. That is, identifying these fundamental processes provides insight into how timing processes in adults are basically organized. Infancy research has developed a number of useful methodological approaches that made these assessments possible. In this chapter, I will review some of the most established research approaches for this very young age group. The review is also intended for researchers who are interested in the investigation of timing mechanisms early in development and who are unfamiliar with this methodology.
Myzostomid and copepod infestation of Jurassic echinoderms: A general approach, some new occurrences, and/or re-interpretation of previous reports

A study of diverse cysts developed on fossil echinoderms from Poland results in the recognition that these on Late Jurassic crinoid stems are attributable to the life activity of myzostomidan polychaetes, and those on Middle and Late Jurassic echinoids, to the activity of copepod arthropods. A review of formerly reported cysts of coeval age from Europe and western Asia permits the distinguishing of several types that differ in shape and/or location on the echinoderm skeleton. Although the studied cysts qualify as trace fossils (which require a separate ichnotaxonomy), their ethological and ecological characteristics are presented in terms of interspecific parasite-host relationships. The classical interpretation of VON GRAFF (1885) is affirmed for myzostomidan endocysts in crinoid stems, whereas for echinoid tests a new interpretation is offered for large exocysts ('Halloween pumpkin-mask' type) as having been induced by copepods, comparable in their ethology to those on prcscnt-day biota (hydrocorals) other than echinoderms. A copepod attribution by MERCIER (1936) of cysts ( Castexia type) on some Middle Jurassic collyritid echinoids from France is fully accepted. This is supplemented by some new finds in Poland, a re-study of the Castexia cysts from France, and a re-interpretation of former reports from the literature. Eco-ethological consequences of the location of copepods in the ambulacral and peristomial parts of cidaroid and hemicidaroid echinoids are discussed; larval settling apparently took place at the tubefeet pores and gonopores, through which the copepod larvae reached the echinoid's interior and began to parasitize it. Attribution of the discussed cysts to copepods yields, consequently, an extension of the stratigraphical range of the class Copepoda H. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1840, to the Early Jurassic. In POSTSCRIPT, suggested is the bald-sea-urchin disease to have caused some lesions in the collyritid echinoids (Middle Jurassic: Callovian) from France.
Process-based karst modelling to relate hydrodynamic and hydrochemical characteristics to system properties

More than 30% of Europe's land surface is made up of karst exposures. In some countries, water from karst aquifers constitutes almost half of the drinking water supply. Hydrological simulation models can predict the large-scale impact of future environmental change on hydrological variables. However, the information needed to obtain model parameters is not available everywhere and regionalisation methods have to be applied. The responsive behaviour of hydrological systems can be quantified by individual metrics, so-called system signatures. This study explores their value for distinguishing the dominant processes and properties of five different karst systems in Europe and the Middle East. By defining ten system signatures derived from hydrodynamic and hydrochemical observations, a process-based karst model is applied to the five karst systems. In a stepwise model evaluation strategy, optimum parameters and their sensitivity are identified using automatic calibration and global variance-based sensitivity analysis. System signatures and sensitive parameters serve as proxies for dominant processes, and optimised parameters are used to determine system properties. By sensitivity analysis, the set of system signatures was able to distinguish the karst systems from one another by providing separate information about dominant soil, epikarst, and fast and slow groundwater flow processes. Comparing sensitive parameters to the system signatures revealed that annual discharge can serve as a proxy for the recharge area, that the slopes of the high flow parts of the flow duration curves correlate with the fast flow storage constant, and that the dampening of the isotopic signal of the rain as well as the medium flow parts of the flow duration curves have a non-linear relation to the distribution of groundwater storage constants that represent the variability of groundwater flow dynamics. Our approach enabled us to identify dominant processes of the different systems and provided directions for future large-scale simulation of karst areas to predict the impact of future change on karst water resources.
A new species of Eulimnadia (Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Diplostraca; Spinicaudata) from North America

Eulimnadia graniticola n. sp. from Stone Mountain, Georgia, and the Florida Keys, USA, is defined primarily on molecular characters and egg morphology. Ecological, reproductive and life history data are provided. This species is the second species of branchiopod crustacean reported from Stone Mountain more closely related to the South American fauna than to its North American congeners.
Intellectual capital reporting and credit risk analysis

Purpose – Aims to increase our understanding of the role of intangibles in credit risk analysis and of the main factors which enable or disable the impact of intellectual capital (IC) reports.Design/methodology/approach – Discusses recent findings from the European Union‐funded E*Know‐Net project (2001‐2003) and reviews other works on the subject. This literature review is complemented with two case studies. The first presents the results of an experimental workshop with 12 credit risk analysts from Banco Santander Central Hispano, a major Spanish bank. The second case study looks at how the European Investment Bank integrates intangibles into its project appraisal process.Findings – Provides a comprehensive conceptual framework to analyze the impact of IC reporting in credit risk analysis. Argues that there is a significant gap between the perceived potential impact of IC reports and their real impact in practice, and proposes a classification of the barriers in the market for corporate information that .
Nondispersive electron transport in Alq3

We have studied room temperature electron transport in amorphous films of tris (8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (III) (Alq3) with the time-of-flight technique. Nondispersive photocurrent transients indicate the absence of intrinsic traps in well-purified films. Exposure of the films to ambient atmosphere results in highly dispersive transport, indicating that oxygen is a likely candidate for a trapping site. The mobility was found to obey the Poole–Frenkel law. We use the correlated disorder model to determine an effective dipole moment for Alq3, and the corresponding meridional to facial isomeric ratio.
PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF TANTALUM SILICIDE FILMS ON SILICON SUBSTRATES by Lei Jin Tantalum silicide

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF TANTALUM SILICIDE FILMS ON SILICON SUBSTRATES by Lei Jin Tantalum silicide (TaSi2) thin films were sputter deposited on ptype and ntype silicon substrates using VARIAN 3125 magnetron DC sputtering system with TaSi 2 target. The thicknesses of TaSi2 thin films considered in this study are 200A, 600A and 1000A, respectively. The TaSi2/Si wafers were annealed at temperatures in the range . of 400 to 900°C. The sheet resistances of TaSi2 thin films with various thicknesses were measured by four-point probe before and after annealing. The sheet resistance decreases with increase in annealing temperature and decreases with the increase in thickness of TaSi2 thin films. The structure of tantalum silicide thin. films are investigated utilizing Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersion X-ray Analysis (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Due to the absorption of photons in the Si substrate, we cannot get reliable results from FTIR. EDAX results show the composition characteristics of TaSi2 thin films. X-ray diffraction results show changes in the structure of TaSi2 thin film from amorphous to crystalline after annealing. Oxidation characteristics of the TaSi2 films have been investigated in the temperature range of 500 °C-900°C in wet steam ambients. The oxidation time ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 hours. No oxide formation of tantalum was observed in the experiment because the surface layer of the mixed Ta-Si oxides prevented the further oxidation of tantalum silicide. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF TANTALUM SILICIDE FILMS ON SILICON SUBSTRATES
Reducing hip fractures in the elderly

Clinical question: Is there evidence that hip protectors and vitamin D with calcium supplementation reduce hip fractures in the elderly? Results: The results are that vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduce incidence of hip fractures. Hip protectors provide some benefit in reducing hip fractures in elderly patients in residential facilities. Implementation: Primary care providers should assess patients for the risk of hip fracture and consider using hip protectors and nutritional supplementaton in selected individuals to prevent fractures.
The Relationship Between Pain and Mood: Does Mood Predict Reports of Aches and Pains in a Healthy Sample?

The current study examined the predictive relationship between positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA) and reports of general aches and pains. Because little is known about the relationship between emotion arousal levels (e.g. high-arousal and low-arousal) and pain, secondary analyses were done investigating whether emotional arousal, especially within the PA domain, predicts lower pain reports. Eighty-three healthy undergraduates (mean age = 18.29; 44.6% men, 55.4% women; 66.3% Caucasian) participated in a 13-day longitudinal study using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design to evaluate participants’ mood and pain reports four times a day, each of the 13 days. Mood was evaluated using an adjective checklist of emotion words from both the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and pain was measured using the Cohen-Hoberman Inventory of Physical Symptoms-Short Form (CHIPS-SF). Within the 2-level models, only daily PA was predictive of next-day pain, with increased PA predictive of less pain. However, trait neuroticism drove the other models in predicting higher levels of next-day pain when neuroticism was high. In the 3-level models, PA, NA, and both highand low-arousal PA were predictive of within-day pain in the directions expected. Neuroticism was a powerful predictor of within-day pain as well. Implications from this study include the importance of multiple components of mood on the pain experience in the moment, but only general PA seems to matter over a longer period of time (days). More research should be done investigating the particular role of highand low-arousal PA in symptom reports and the pain experience in order to identify mechanisms of action and when these mechanisms are most potent.
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF SWIFT/X-RAY TELESCOPE DATA. IV. SINGLE POWER-LAW DECAYING LIGHT CURVES VERSUS CANONICAL LIGHT CURVES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR A UNIFIED ORIGIN OF X-RAYS

By systematically analyzing the Swift/XRT light curves detected before 2009 July, we find 19 light curves that monotonously decay as a single power law (SPL) with an index of 1 ∼ 1.7 from tens (or hundreds) of seconds to ∼105 s post the gamma-ray burst (GRB) trigger. They are apparently different from the canonical light curves characterized by a shallow-to-normal decay transition. We compare the observations of the prompt gamma rays and the X-rays for these two samples of GRBs (SPL vs. canonical). No statistical difference is found in the prompt gamma-ray properties for the two samples. The X-ray properties of the two samples are also similar, although the SPL sample tends to have a slightly lower neutral hydrogen absorption column for the host galaxies and a slightly larger energy release compared with the canonical sample. The SPL X-ray Telescope (XRT) light curves in the burst frame gradually merge into a conflux, and their luminosities at 105 s are normally distributed at log L/ergs s−1 = 45.6 ± 0.5. The normal decay segment of the canonical XRT light curves has the same feature. Similar to the normal decay segment, the SPL light curves satisfy the closure relations and therefore can be roughly explained with external shock models. In the scenario that the X-rays are the afterglows of the GRB fireball, our results indicate that the shallow decay would be due to energy injection into the fireball and the total energy budget after injection for both samples of GRBs is comparable. More intriguing, we find that a prior X-ray emission model proposed by Yamazaki is more straightforward to interpret the observed XRT data. We show that the zero times (T0) of the X-rays are 102–105 s prior to the GRB trigger for the canonical sample, and satisfy a log–normal distribution. The negligible T0's of the SPL sample are consistent with being the tail of T0 distributions at low end, suggesting that the SPL sample and the canonical sample may be from a same parent sample. Referenced to T0, the canonical XRT light curves well trace the SPL light curves. The T0's of the canonical light curves in our analysis are usually much larger than the offsets of the known precursors from the main GRBs. If the prior emission hypothesis is real, the X-ray emission is better interpreted within the external shock models based on the spectral and temporal indices of the X-rays. The lack of detection of a jet-like break in most XRT light curves implies that the opening angle of the prior emission jet would be usually large.
Feeling the Squeeze: Public Employees’ Experiences of Cutback- and Innovation-Related Organizational Changes Following a National Announcement of Budget Reductions

Fiscal austerity is having major impacts on public service organizations, but little is known about the effects of these changes on employees’ well-being, attitudes, and behaviors. Following a major UK national government announcement of budget reductions, we conducted a longitudinal field study of employees in diverse public sector organizations across the United Kingdom to address how the communication and the implementation of this external policy event affected employees. We ask two questions: First, how does a national policy announcement about substantial budget reductions affect employees’ well-being and attitudes at work? Second, how do cutback- and innovation-related changes that followed the budget announcement affect employees’ well-being, attitudes, and behavior? Results suggest that the budget announcement itself—before any changes had been implemented—negatively affected individual well-being and attitudes at work. Further, we found differential effects on employees, depending on whether the budget reductions were followed by cutback-related or innovation-related changes. Increases in cutback-related changes had negative effects on employees, yet an increase in innovation-related changes did not just have less negative but positive effects on employees’ positive well-being, job satisfaction, and engagement over time. However, contrary to previous research, some employee outcomes were not affected by either of the changes in this longitudinal study. We discuss implications of our findings for public management and for the psychological processes underlying the experience of organizational change across all sectors in times of budget reductions.
Equilibria among Fe-Ti oxides , pyroxenes , olivine , and quartz : Part II . Application

and numerous derivative equilibria in the system Fe-O-CaO-MgO-SiOr-TiOr. By combining internally consistent thermodynamic solution models for iron magnesium titanium oxides and calcium magnesium iron pyroxenes and olivines, we have calibrated these equilibria (Lindsley and Frost, 1992). In this paper we show how they are applied to the interpretation of a wide range of volcanic and plutonic rocks. Depending on the assemblage, the pyroxene QUIIF equilibria permit calculation of temperature, pressure, fo2, a;nd silica activity for numerous rocks. Pyroxene QUIIF equilibria place constraints on the intrinsic parameters that controlled the evolution of three well-studied igneous bodies: the Bishop Tuff, Thingmuli Volcano, and the Skaergaard Intrusion. The Fe-Ti oxides of the Bishop Tuffare not in equilibrium with ttre coexisting pyroxenes and quartz. Compositions of argite, Opx, and titaniferous magnetite are essentially constant throughout the pyroxene-bearing portion of Bishop Tuff and could have been in equilibrium with quartz at824 + 15"C,2700 + 2000 bars, and f", 1.39 + 0.05 log units above that of the FMQ buffer. The compositions of the ilmenites have been modified in response to a thermal event not recorded in the pyroxenes that could have occurred either within the magma chamber immediately before the tuff was ejected or possibly within the tuffafter eruption. Thingmuli Volcano in Iceland contains several rock types that have assemblages uitable for applying pyroxene QUilF. Rocks that contain pigeonite and augite together with ilmenite and single-phase titaniferous magrretite generally have similar pyroxene and oxide temperatures. Pyroxene-QUIIF relations greatly restrict uncertainties in Zand forrelative to those for oxide data alone. Crystallization of Skaergaard magma followed a relatively reducing trend from fo2 near FMQ, where oxides first appear, to nearl;, 2 log units below FMQ in the Sandwich horizon, values that are all higher than those indicated by measurements of intrinsic 6,. QUIIF relations show unequivocally that the silicates could not have been in equilibrium with any titaniferous magnetite and ilmenite atthe fo,indicated by the intrinsic measurements. We have also applied the pyroxene QUIIF equilibria to many other rock suites. Calcalkalic volcanic rocks that contain low-Ca pyroxenes tend to have equilibrated at the same relative f, (about l-2 log units above FMQ) even though they represent a range of composition from andesite to rhyolite. In contrast, tholeiitic volcanic rocks, as typified by Thingmuli, crystallized at much lower f, (generally about I log unit below FMQ) and, like calc-alkalic suites, show little or no change in relative forwith temperature. Plutonic suites show similar ranges in fo, wilt, layered gabbros of calc-alkalic affinity having fo, above that of FMQ and those of tholeiitic affinity having,6, below FMQ.
ION CYCLOTRON WAVES IN THE SOLAR WIND OBSERVED BY STEREO NEAR 1 AU

Using high-resolution magnetic field data from the STEREO mission, we have observed strong narrow-band ion cyclotron waves (ICWs) in the solar wind near 1 AU. The waves propagate nearly parallel to the magnetic field and are below the local proton gyrofrequency in the solar wind frame. Because the twin STEREO spacecraft were far away from any planet, including the Earth, the waves do not have a planetary source. The ICWs often appear when the interplanetary magnetic field is more radial than the nominal Parker spiral. Since the wave frequency in the spacecraft frame is higher than the local proton gyrofrequency, the waves are not locally generated by ion pickup. Observations are consistent with wave generation closer to the Sun and outward transport by the super-Alfvénic solar wind. The waves are intrinsically left-hand polarized in the solar wind frame, but appear to be both left- and right-handed in the spacecraft frame, associated with outward and inward propagation, respectively. The relative amplitudes of the left-handed and right-handed waves support the closer-to-Sun generation scenario.