Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cultural framing of nature: Chinese tourists' motivations for, expectations of, and satisfaction with, their New Zealand tourist experience

The Chinese holiday market has become very important to the New Zealand tourism industry. Understanding Chinese tourists' needs is therefore crucial for the future development of this market. Existing research suggests that for Chinese visitors, like other market segments, the natural landscape has a strong influence over the decision to travel to New Zealand. There is an emerging concern, however, that the country's tourism product must diversify, and attention is now shifting to utilize the appeal of culture and heritage attractions in New Zealand, particularly Ma¯ori cultural products. This article reports on research into Chinese tourists' motivations, expectations, and behavior with respect to their travel in New Zealand. Particular emphasis is given to an exploration of the relative importance of nature and culture to these Chinese tourists. Findings suggest that the Chinese market may be particularly suited to a culturally oriented experience of New Zealand, but one based less on Ma¯ori culture as it is often portrayed to tourists (e.g., cultural performances, or experiencing a hangi), and more on the opportunities to learn about Ma¯ori stories and legends as part of visiting natural environments. The implications of these findings for shaping the Chinese tourist gaze in New Zealand are discussed.
Farmer Empowerment in The Management of Rice Farming in Two Districts in West Java

Efforts to integrated food security and farmer empowerment have become an important issue today. Accordingly, the objectives of this study were to analyze the level of participation of farmers in their group and the empowerment of farmers in the management of rice farming and the factors associated with it, and to analyze the impact of farmer empowerment on sustainability efforts. Fieldwork was conducted in May to June 2012 in two districts in West Java, by taking 239 farmers who had attended the farmer field school. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically based on the descriptive technique and Structural Equations Modeling (SEM). Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interview and observation to support the quantitative data. The results showed that: (1) The levels of farmer participation in the farmer group and the farmer empowerment were classified as low. The variables that significantly affected the levels of farmer participation in the farmer group were: intensity of empowerment and personality traits. The variables that significantly affected the levels of farmer empowerment were: farmer participation in the farmer group, intensity of empowerment, physical and socio-economic environment, personality traits, and availability of agricultural information. (2) The prospects for sustainability efforts were classified as low. The level of farmer empowerment significantly affected the sustainability of farming; and (3) The increasing level of farmer empowerment can be achieved by better management of empowerment process, with increasing farmer participation in the farmer group, strengthening the availability of agricultural information, and the physical and socio economic environment. Keywords: empowerment, participation, capacity of farmers, business sustainability Received: 15th October 2014; Accepted: 15th November 2014 [ How to Cite : Sadono, D. , Sumardjo, S. , Gani, D. , & Amanah, S. (2014). Farmer Empowerment in The Management of Rice Farming in Two Districts in West Java. Journal Of Rural Indonesia, 2 (1), 105-120. Retrieved from http://ejournal.skpm. ipb.ac. id/index.php/ruralindonesia/article/view/297 ]
Effects of elevated CO2 on growth and photosynthesis with three different cultivars of radish: which is the most limiting for maximal growth, source or sink capacity?

Previously we found that radish cultivar of White Cherrish with big storage root did not show down-regulation of photosynthesis and over-accumulation of carbohydrates under elevated CO2 (Plant Cell Physiol 39, 1- '98). The effects of elevated CO2 on growth and photosynthesis were investigated with three different cultivars of radish. Cherry Belle which showed down-regulation of photosynthesis under elevated CO2 (Moore, Bd et al. Plant Cell Environ 21, 905- '98), Kosena with a lower storage root being similar to the wild radish, and White Cherrish were used to evaluate the effect of sink capacity on the acclimation of photosynthesis. Plants were grown for 3 weeks under four different conditions (9hL/15hD or 14.5hL/9.5hD and 35 Pa or 75 Pa CO2). Under elevated CO2 dry weights (DW) increased 1.4 to 2.5 folds. The rate of photosynthesis with the first leaves, under CO2 concentration of 35 Pa, were similar within the cultivars at the exception of Kosena grown under 14.5hL/9.5hD and elevated CO2 which showed lower rate. The DW of Kosena (n=7) under this treatment showed particularly large variations (9.1 to 17.9 g). There was a significant negative correlation between total DW of plant and DW of the first leaf. This result indicates that plants with high sink capacity absorb photosynthate and produce large biomass but plants with lower sink capacity accumulate photosynthate in source leaves and decrease their rate of photosynthesis. Therefore with radish, sink capacity but not source capacity seems to be responsible for maximal growth.
Correlations between Heterozygosity at Microsatellite Loci, Mean d2 and Body Weight in a Chinese Native Chicken

A total of two hundred twenty eight half-sib chickens were scored for allele size at 20 microsatellite loci to estimate individual heterozygosity and mean d 2 . The averages of microsatellite heterozygosity, allele per locus and mean d 2 were 0.39, 3.6 and 49, respectively. The body weight was measured biweekly from birth to twelve weeks of age. Gompertz function was assumed to simulate body weight and to estimate the growth model parameters. Due to sex effect on body weight, the regression of body weight on heterozygosity as well as on mean d 2 in males and females was analyzed separately in the present study. Positive correlations were found between microsatellite heterozygosity and body weight in males and females (p<0.05). Positive correlation also observed between individual heterozygosity and simulated maximum daily gain estimated from Gompertz function in female chickens (p<0.05). There were no significant correlations between mean d 2 and body weight. The results suggest that local effect hypothesis could explain the correlations between heterozygosity and fitness-related traits in the domesticated chicken population, rather than the general effect hypothesis does.
Does Service Recovery Lead to Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Airline Industry? A Perceived Justice Theory Approach

2 Abstract: Purpose: Service failure has been the subject of researches in airline industry in the contemporary. This failure continues to be an enigma for the industry and this paper is an attempt to offer primary solution through perceived justice theory approach. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopts conceptual method of reviewing literatures. Findings: Evidences from the extant literature have suggested that service recovery strategies remain the only tools that can be used to redeemthe customers in service failure situations. Therefore, this research has conceptualized that the effective implementations of the Justice Theory componentswill positively affect customer satisfaction and loyalty within the Airline Industry. Research limitations/implications: The major limitation of this work is that it is conceptual and it thereby requires empirical data to verify the hypotheses formulated. Practical implications: This paper conceptually suggests that for Airline Industry to gain satisfaction and loyalty of their customers, they must implement components of justice theory in service recovery process. Originality/value: This is the only paper that has combined how customers react in service failure and recovery situation with the justice theory components. The paper is thereby a guide for service provider on how to treat customers in service recovery situation.
Interstellar polarization at high galactic latitudes from distant stars - VIII. Patterns related to the local dust and gas shells from observations of ~3600 stars

Aims. Interstellar polarization of starlight at high galactic latitudes gives information on the direction of the local Galactic magnetic field and the distribution of cosmic dust in wide “windows” perpendicular to the Galactic plane. Polarization data allow us to construct for the first time high-latitude polarization maps with resolution and sky coverage high enough to examine in detail the distribution of the interstellar polarization and the direction of the Galactic magnetic field around Galactic poles. Methods. We measured the polarization for more than 2400 new stars at distances of up to 600 pc and within 60◦ and 30◦ from the north and south Galactic poles. Here we describe the measurements and properties of the resulting total sample of about 3600 stars (completeness, radial distribution), and present polarization maps of the regions around the north (b > 30◦) and south (b > 60◦) poles. Results. The new interstellar polarization maps give wider and higher resolution views around the Galactic poles than previous maps. The major patterns in the maps are significant asymmetries in the polarization, one in the northern sky directly across the local spiral and the second between the northern and southern Galactic hemispheres. We confirm that there is significantly more interstellar polarization at high southern latitudes than at high northern latitudes within the local spiral. A comparison of our optical polarization map with the proposed models using local dustand gas shells, (i.e., Weaver’s Loop I superbubble, Wolleben’s two-bubble model, the interaction between the Local Bubble and the Loop I superbubble) reveals interesting features. 1) The optical and radio polarizations are lower in the eastern than in the western branch of Loop I, which may be caused by a weaker effective magnetic field in the eastern part where the diffuse IRAS emission is bright; this illustrates that low optical polarization does not always imply little dust. 2) We can see a clear signature of the western side of Wolleben’s S2 shell (at 35 < l < 55), while there is no alignment of the polarization directions along the suggested wall of S2 in the eastern part, though the alignment along S1 is visible. 3) In the upper parts of the suggested interaction zone between the Local Bubble and the Loop I superbubble our data show polarizations aligned along the zone contour. The week and rather randomly directed polarizations measured previously in the eastern part of this region may reflect the shorter distances (<250 pc) in the investigated sample of stars.
The acquisition of adjunct control is colored by the task

Previous studies on children’s interpretations of PRO in adjunct clauses have found that 4- to 6-year old children exhibit non-adultlike interpretations of adjunct PRO. For sentences with adjunct control, as in John bumped Mary after PRO tripping on the sidewalk, these studies have argued that children’s knowledge is not adultlike. In this paper, we use a new task to reduce the demands involved in making a response. With this task, we find improved performance for sentences with adjunct control. These results suggest that children’s knowledge of adjunct control is adultlike, but has been obscured by the tasks used in previous studies.
Factors Affecting Adoption of Recommended Cauliflower Production Technology in Nepal

Binary logit regression model of econometrics was used to identify the factors affecting adoption of recommended agricultural technology by the commercial farmers of Nepal. A survey was carried out in 2012 in 120 households from Kavre district, Nepal. The objective was to appraise factors affecting adoption of recommended technology of cauliflower, finding out the level of adoption, identifying the constraints of cauliflower cultivation, assessing the perceived level of satisfaction and studying the relationship of certain selected variables on the adoption. Education, Occupation, contact with Personal Localite sources of information, Group membership and Experience were the most influencing factors for adoption of recommended technology. Though, other factors were not strong enough to contribute significantly but indirectly influence the adoption decision of farmers as combined effects. Occupation was found as negatively associated. Landholding size was strongly and positively influencing among the non significant factors. The level of satisfaction and the constraints of cauliflower production were also identified. Transfer of technology will be effective if and only if the client adopts the technology. For an effective transfer of technology, it is better to go for activities for the welfare of the socioeconomic factors of the farmers.
High-resolution UVES/VLT spectra of white dwarfs observed for the ESO SN Ia progenitor survey - II. DB and DBA stars

Context. We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of the stars with helium-dominated spectra in the ESO Supernova Ia Progenitor Survey (SPY). Aims. Atmospheric parameters, masses, and abundances of trace hydrogen are determined and discussed in the context of spectral evolution of white dwarfs. Methods. The spectra are compared with theoretical model atmospheres using a $\chi^2$ fitting technique, leading to determinations of effective temperature, surface gravity, and hydrogen abundance. Results. Our final sample contains 71 objects, of which 6 are new detections and 14 are reclassified from DB to DBA because of the presence of H lines. One is a cool DO with weak He ii lines, 2 are composite DB+dM. 55% of the DB sample show hydrogen and are thus DBA, a significantly higher fraction than found before. Conclusions. The large incidence of DBA, and the derived total hydrogen masses are compatible with the scenario that DBs “reappear” around 30 000 K from the DB gap by mixing and diluting a thin hydrogen layer of the order of 10 -15 $M_{\odot}$. This hydrogen mass is then during the evolution continuously increased by interstellar accretion. There are indications that the accretion rate increases smoothly with age or decreasing temperature, a trend which continuous even below the current low temperature limit (Dufour 2006). A remaining mystery is the low accretion rate of H compared to that of Ca observed in the DBZA, but a stellar wind extending down to the lowest temperatures with decreasing strength might be part of the solution.
Territory size and habitat selection of breeding Common Cranes (Grus grus) in a boreal landscape

Information on how birds use different types of habitat and move within landscapes is crucial for avian ecology, conservation andmanagement. The Common Crane Grus grus has the widest distribution of all crane species and covers both increasing and decreasing populations. Ecological knowledge is therefore necessary both for conservation and to mitigate bird-human conflicts.We studied territory size and habitat selection of breeding Common Cranes (n = 11) at two spatial scales in south-central Sweden by using VHF and GPS transmitters. Breeding families of Cranes were strongly associated with farmlands and wetlands independent of spatial scale. However, 41% of positions were within forested habitats.According to a compositional analysis,moist andwet forestswere selected more frequently than dry forests. Territory size was on average 250 ha ± 47.8 SE. The territories showed little overlap between neighboring breeding pairs.Our study provides information necessary for estimating densities of breeding pairs, but also to indicate habitat types worth special attention by landscape managers and conservationists.
The Effect of Oxygenated Diesel-N-Butanol Fuel Blends on Combustion, Performance, and Exhaust Emissions of a Turbocharged CRDI Diesel Engine

Abstract The article deals with the effects made by using various n-butanol-diesel fuel blends on the combustion history, engine performance and exhaust emissions of a turbocharged four-stroke, four-cylinder, CRDI 1154HP (85 kW) diesel engine. At first, load characteristics were taken when running an engine with normal diesel fuel (DF) to have ‘baseline’ parameters at the two ranges of speed of 1800 and 2500 rpm. Four a fossil diesel (class 1) and normal butanol (n-butanol) fuel blends possessing 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 4 wt% (by mass) of n-butanol-bound oxygen fractions were prepared by pouring 4.65 wt% (BD1), 9.30 wt% (BD2), 13.95 wt% (BD3), and 18.65 wt% (BD4) n-butanol to diesel fuel. Then, load characteristics were taken when an engine with n-butanol-oxygenated fuel blends at the same speeds. Analysis of the changes occurred in the autoignition delay, combustion history, the cycle-to-cycle variation, engine efficiency, smoke, and exhaust emissions NOx, CO, THC obtained with purposely designed fuel blends was performed on comparative bases with the corresponding values measured with ‘baseline’ diesel fuel to reveal the potential developing trends.
Salinity induces specific metabolic changes in sugarcane shoot explants in temporary immersion bioreactors

There is a great demand of salt-tolerant sugarcane planting material in Cuba. Temporary immersion bioreactors (TIB) are effective to significantly increase sugarcane in vitro shoot proliferation rate from 1:4 in conventional containers to about 1:35. Sugarcane micropropagation in TIBs under NaCl stress may help screen mutants with salinity tolerance. We developed the experiment shown here to identify a NaCl concentration able to stress shoot in TIBs. At 30 days of culture initiation with different NaCl levels (0 - 200 mM), explant multiplication rate, shoot cluster fresh mass, and levels of aldehydes, chlorophylls, carotenoids and phenolics were determined in the plant material. Content of soluble phenolics in the culture medium was also evaluated. Addition of NaCl decreased shoot multiplication rate and fresh mass. Other statistically significant differences were recorded but the most important were noted in the increased contents of carotenoids, malondialdehyde, other aldehydes and soluble phenolics in the plants, and in the soluble phenolics in the culture medium. This research may be useful for future experiments of in vitro selection of new sugarcane genetic materials with NaCl tolerance. Fifty percent of multiplication rate was reduced with 89 mM NaCl which can be used to stress shoots during micropropagation in TIBs and eventually detect mutants with salt tolerance.
Accessing Children's Perspectives Through Participatory Photo Interviews

Mit diesem Artikel wollen wir zur entstehenden Debatte uber Kind-zentrierte Forschungsmethoden beitragen, indem wir die Anwendung von partizipativen Foto-Interviews fur das Verstehen kindlicher Erfahrungen mit Haushaltgeraten reflektieren. Mittels Foto-Interviews wird versucht, Kinder als aktive Forschungsteilnehmer/innen einzubeziehen, indem ihnen Kameras gegeben und sie eingeladen werden, unterschiedlichste Aspekte ihres Alltagslebens zu fotografieren. Spater werden die Fotos im Rahmen von Interviews genutzt, um gemeinsam die subjektive Bedeutung der Fotos zu besprechen. Wir beschaftigen uns im Folgenden damit, wie Kinder auf die Forschungsaufgaben eingegangen sind und im Besonderen mit ethnografischen Einsichten, die aus der Betrachtung der Kommentare erwachsen sind, die Kinder abgaben, nachdem sie gebeten worden waren, ihre Fotos zu erlautern. Unserer Erfahrung mit diesem Bild-basierten Ansatz ist, dass die kindlichen Reaktionen auf den Forschungskontext das Interpretieren durchaus erschwerten, das diese Reaktionen aber zugleich unbedingt gewurdigt werden mussten, um tatsachlich Nutzen aus den Foto-Interviews ziehen zu konnen. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs100189
PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTS FISHERIES MANAGEMENT.

No adequate technology has to our knowledge so far been developed for reliable online monitoring of harvested fish quantities. We demonstrate in this study that multiphase measurement technology successfully applied in the petroleum industry for measurements of pipeline flow of oil and gases (Nilsson, 1989; Stalheim, 1991; Halvorsen, 1992) also can be used for objective recording of withdrawals from the sea (Spilde, 2001). Our results show that the multiphase flow method represents a quantum leap with respect to quantitative measurement accuracy, reliability, and objectivity in fish catches measurement and reporting, compared to the conventional practice of manual level measurement (Rottingen et al., 2002) within the on-board fish tanks. We conclude that modern resource management by adopting this technology can be taken to a new level through objective, online monitoring, substantially reducing uncertainties and unknown factors.
Use of self-organizing maps for exploring coordination variability in the transition between walking and running

This study investigated multi-dimensional coordination instability and variability in the transitions between walking and running for a 26 year old female runner using self-organizing maps (SOMs) in three experimental procedures. We found different multi-dimensional coordination patterns for walking and running using the output from SOMs as stride trajectories on U-matrices and attractor diagrams. In transient conditions, the participant showed multi-stability, or instability, in the transition region for decreasing but not for increasing speeds. She also clearly showed increased multi-dimensional coordination variability around the transition region only for decreasing speeds and only in transient conditions. These findings may not be general across runners nor were they conclusive enough to support variability as a facilitator of the change from running to walking. Self-organizing maps provide us with a tool to study multi-dimensional coordination (and coordination variability) and to reduce its complexity to relatively simple map outputs, including basins of attraction and attractor landscapes.
Is Religion a Dividing Force? A mixed methods approach to the experiences of religious Muslims in the secular society of Sweden

The idea that increasing immigration will lead to a growing Muslim presence in Western Europe and that this in turn stands in contrast to the secularity of these states frames the context of this study. Therefore, this thesis explores the experiences of religious Muslims in the secular Swedish society. Potential problems between the religious Muslim minority and secular Swedish majority have been examined through a mixed method approach. This approach combined semi-structured interviews with Muslims and a logistic regression with data from Swedes. The results show that the religiosity of Muslims does not hinder their subjective integration into the Swedish society. This is especially the case for the second-generation immigrants who want to adapt to the customs of the society, which was a strong factor for Swedes to rate Muslims positively. Therefore, religion itself does not seem to be the divider between the Muslim participants and Swedes in this study. What seems to be more problematic is the general perception of Muslims as being distinct according to Swedes. This relates to the finding that Muslim women wearing the hijab were the most vulnerable to discrimination based on religion. Thus, even though the second-generation immigrants are not asking for special treatment due to their religion, take part in Swedish celebrations, speak Swedish and are part of the labour market, they still face discriminatory behaviour. The wearing of the hijab identifies them as Muslims and thus as an culturally and religiously different group. Even though they personally feel accepted, it cannot be said that integration is achieved since they remain discriminated against by the majority society due to the identification as a different group. (Less)