Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study on the effectiveness of the structured teaching programme regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation among undergraduate students at selected college of Dehradun, Uttarakhand

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a technique of the basic life support, which helps to maintain blood circulation in the victim's brain and heart during cardiac arrest or during the absence of pulse and breath. Adults are more active and long-time information delivers, but non-medical people are not having the knowledge regarding emergencies managements, hence this study was conducted to assess the knowledge and check the effectiveness of STP regarding CPR among Undergraduate students.Methods: Quantitative approach with Quasi-Experimental research design was used in the present study with Simple random sampling technique to select 61 undergraduate students at Himalayan School Of Management, Jollygrant, Dehradun. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data and followed by administrating the structured teaching programme (STP). Results: Findings of the present study showed that the mean post test score (25.80±3.0) was higher than pre-test mean score (13.18±3.3). Arbitrary score reviled that, in pre-test majority of the (undergraduate) UG students had (60.65%) Average knowledge, most of the UG students had (36.06%) poor knowledge, only (3.27%) had the good level of knowledge. Where in post-test, maximum students had very good knowledge (62.92%), most UG students had 36.06% good knowledge and only 1.63% had average knowledge which showed that the knowledge had increased after administration of (STP), Calculated t value was 19.327 and found highly significant at p<0.001. Conclusions: The findings of the study revealed that STP was an effective method to enhance the knowledge of undergraduate students regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation. So the study concluded that structured teaching program had a great potential for improving the knowledge of undergraduate students.
Curative effect and prognosis of 3D printing titanium alloy trabecular cup and pad in revision of acetabular defect of hip joint

Curative effect and prognosis of 3D printing titanium alloy trabecular cup and pad in revision of acetabular defect of hip joint were investigated. Forty-two patients who underwent acetabular revision in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College were divided into observation and control groups according to different methods of acetabular revision and revision materials. 3D printed titanium alloy trabecular cups and pads were used in the observation group, and non-3D printed titanium trabecular cups and pads were used in the control group. Preoperative and postoperative pain visual analog scale (VAS score), hip Harris scores and quality of life Health Survey Scale (SF-36) scores were compared between the groups. At 3, 6 and 12 months after operation, Harris score and SF-36 score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and VAS score was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Stability and bone ingrowth of prosthesis in the observation group were better than those in the control group. Revision of the hip prosthesis with 3D printed titanium trabecular metal cups and pads resulted in satisfactory outcomes. Short-term prognosis is satisfactory but the long-term prognosis remains to be further investigated.
Dermoscopic Features of Lower Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Descriptive Study

Aim: Dermoscopic features of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been well described; however, there are a few studies focused on the dermoscopic aspect of lip SCC. In this study, we aimed to identify dermoscopic findings of lower lip SCC. Materials and Methods: The clinical and histopathologic features, dermoscopic images, and demographic data of the patients with histologically approved lip SCC were retrospectively evaluated. Results: A total of 10 lesions were enrolled in the study. Milky red structureless background (100%) and keratin scale (100%) were present in all the lesions. Blood spots on thick keratin scale were observed in eight lesions. Seven lesions showed white structureless areas. Two lesions exhibited ulceration and one of the lesions had structureless brown pigmentation. The most common vascular pattern observed was polymorphous vascular pattern (60%). Conclusion: White and milky red structureless areas, blood spots on thick keratin scale, and polymorphous vascular pattern are the main dermoscopic clues to lip SCC. The presence of these findings should direct the clinician to the possibility of SCC. The dermoscopic findings observed may also reflect histological grade of the lesion.
Measuring the baroreflex: equivalency, repeatability, and its relationship with sex, age, and orthostatic tolerance

The lifetime prevalence of fainting is estimated at 20-40%. Fainting, or syncope, is caused by reduced cerebral perfusion, often secondary to a reduction in blood pressure. During standing, the movement of blood into the lower limbs stimulates the arterial baroreflex to increase cardiac output and constrict peripheral blood vessels to maintain blood pressure and blood flow to the brain. Syncope is more common in older adults and women; however, it is unclear whether this might relate to ageand/or sex-related changes in baroreflex function. Different methods of baroreflex stimulation and measurement may not be comparable, and the repeatability of these techniques is uncertain. In Chapter 3, I quantify the agreement and repeatability of different baroreflex testing methods. Cardiac baroreflex tests have higher agreement and repeatability than sympathetic vascular tests, highlighting the need for better methods of vascular baroreflex measurement. In Chapter 4, I examine the relationship between aging, sex and both the cardiac and vascular arms of the baroreflex using novel sympathetic vascular baroreflex measurement techniques. In Chapter 5, I examine the influence of carotid sinus massage (CSM) methodology on the cardiovascular responses, and recommend that CSM be applied to the area of maximal pulsatility when ultrasound-guidance is unavailable. Lastly, in Chapter 6, I refute the hypothesis that large responses to carotid baroreceptor stimulation in older adults are related to chronic denervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscles. Thus, the pathophysiology of hypersensitive responses to CSM remains unknown. This work demonstrates that careful consideration should be taken when selecting baroreflex measurement techniques. Our novel sympathetic vascular baroreflex testing methods are critical for a thorough description of baroreflex control of blood pressure in younger and older men and women. While the vascular responses to orthostasis are large in older individuals, the vascular responses to acute carotid baroreceptor stimulation with the neck collar decline with age. The standard clinical methodology of CSM may not accurately deliver mechanical stimulation to the carotid baroreceptors. We have shown that the previously reported association with sternocleidomastoid denervation is likely coincidental, not causal. Overall, this thesis reiterates the importance of sympathetic vascular baroreflex function in the maintenance of blood pressure.
COMPARISON OF THE PREVALENCE AND DYNAMICS OF ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE

The objective. The assessment of the severity, prevalence and five-year dynamics of anxiety and depression in those studied with rheumatic heart disease.Materials and methods. The study included 168 patients with rheumatic heart disease: mean age 58,69±0,47 years; 141 women (83,93%) and 27 men (16,07%). To assess anxiety and depression, the following scales were used: HADS (hospital anxiety and depression scale), CES-D (depression scale of the epidemiological research center), and STAI (Spielberger anxiety scale). Quality of life was assessed using total scale SF-36 (Short Form Medical Outcomes Study), KCCQ (Kansas questionnaire for patients with cardiomyopathy), and MHFLQ (Minnesota questionnaire for the quality of life of patients with CHF). Results. Initially, patients with rheumatic heart disease had mild depression and anxiety, except for the high level of state anxiety according to STAI — 48.00 ± 0.95. More pronounced depressive disorders were revealed in patients with CHF NYHA III and IV. According to CES-D — 17,58±1,27 for FC I and 23,4±0,75 for FC IV, for HADS — 7,00±0,64 for FC I and 13,6±0,78 for FC IV. Anxiety disorders, on the contrary, were less with III and IV FC CHF: 8,5±0,49 with FC I and 8,2±1,02 with FC IV in HADS. According to STAI state anxiety — 47,58±1,22 (FC I) and 42,8±1,76 (FC IV), for trait anxiety — 42,67±1,08 (FC I) and 40,4±1,85 (FC IV). For the five-year period there was no negative and positive dynamics according to the questionnaires of anxiety and depression. The only exception was the increase in anxiety according to HADS by 0.66 points. In terms of quality of life, there was a decrease in physical health according to SF-36 by 1.78, and in overall summary score according to KCCQ by 1.55 and MHFLQ by — 3.99. Conclusions. In patients with rheumatic heart disease, the severity of anxiety and depression is insignificant and does not increase during five years of observation. Indicators of depression are more pronounced in the group with CHF NYHA III and IV, and anxiety indicators in patients with CHF NYHA I and II. An increase in depression rates in subjects with rheumatic heart disease is associated with a deterioration in the quality of life. With an improvement in the quality of life values, depressive symptoms decrease, and anxiety rates increase.
The Effect of Memorizing the Al Quran on Quality of Life in Stroke Patients With Aphasia Motoric Disorders

BACKGROUND/AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of memorizing the Al Quran surah Thaha verse 25–28 on functional communication skills, independence, and quality of life in stroke patients with motoric aphasia disorders. MATERIALS & METHODS: The study was conducted at Ja'far Medika Karanganyar General Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia for approximately 3 months, with a total sample of 102 motor aphasia stroke sufferers, divided into 2 groups (n = 51) as controls receiving medical therapy, (n = 51) intervention group who received medical therapy and were trained to memorizing the Al Quran. The time of the study was carried out for three months starting December 4, 2017 to Maret 21, 2018. Type of quantitative research, using experimental design, simple randomized the pretest-posttest control group design. RESULTS: Based on the results of path analysis that memorizing the Al Quran significantly influences the quality of life in stroke patients with motoric aphasia disorders of (r = 0.735; p = 0.000), while family support is (r = 0.321; p = 0,000), functional communication is (r = 0.017; p = 0.618) and independence by (r = 0.035; p = 0.305). Thus the direct influence of memorizing the Al Quran and family support for the quality of life is better, without having to go through functional communication and the level of independence as mediation. CONCLUSION: Memorizing the Al Quran surah Thaha verse 25–28 is very effective for improving functional communication skills, independence, and quality of life in stroke patients with aphasia motoric disorders.
IF3 licenses newly made 30S subunits for translation during stress

Bacterial ribosome biogenesis and translation occur in the same cellular compartment. Therefore, a biochemical gate-keeping step is required to prevent immature ribosomes from engaging in protein synthesis. Here, we show that the abundant ribosome assembly factor, RbfA, creates this checkpoint by suppressing protein synthesis by immature E. coli 30S subunits. After 30S maturation, RbfA is released by initiation factor 3 (IF3), which remains bound to 30S subunits to promote translation initiation. Genetic interactions between RbfA and IF3 show that IF3 is important for RbfA release during logarithmic growth. Moreover, IF3 is the main pathway for RbfA release in stationary phase when the activity of a less abundant RbfA-release factor, RsgA GTPase, is inhibited by the alarmone (p)ppGpp. By gating the transition from 30S biogenesis to translation initiation, RbfA and IF3 maintain the integrity of bacterial protein synthesis under a range of growth conditions and especially under stress.
The association between anemia and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The association between anemia and postpartum depression (PPD) has been reported to be controversial in different studies. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of anemia and PPD. Methods: This review study was conducted according to the MOOSE protocol and results have been reported according to the PRISMA guideline. We searched epidemiologic studies published until January 2018 in nine English databases including Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO and Google Scholar using English MeSH keywords. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the Cochran’s Q test and I2 index. Data were analyzed using a random effects model and comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software version 2. Results: In the 10 studies, the association between postpartum anemia and PPD was significant (heterogeneity test: P<0.001, I2=74.62%), and RR=1.887 (95%CI: 1.255-2.838, P=0.002). In 8 studies, anemia during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of postpartum depression (heterogeneity test: P=0.116, I2=36.422%), RR=1.240 (1.001-1.536, P=0.048). The subgroup analysis of postpartum anemia and PPD was not significant for the variables of quality of studies, study design, and the period of evaluating depression and anemia. The subgroup analysis of anemia during pregnancy and PPD was not significant for the period of evaluating depression. Publication bias did not affect the results of the studies. Conclusion: Meta-analysis results showed anemia during pregnancy and after pregnancy that significantly increased the risk of postpartum depression. Therefore, prevention, identification and treatment of anemia in pregnant women seem necessary.
Physiotherapy clinical education in the eastern Nigeria: students’ and interns’ views on clinical educator characteristics, opportunities and learning conditions

Abstract Purpose: This study identified physiotherapy students' and interns’ views on clinical educator characteristics, teaching/learning opportunities and conditions essential to facilitate clinical education experiences in eastern Nigeria. Methods: The roles and attributes of a clinical educator, teaching/learning opportunities and conditions to facilitate learning were assessed utilising a self-administered questionnaire. Respondents’ perceived learning values for selected teaching/learning opportunities were further explored. Data were analysed utilising descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages. Results: The response rate was 85.3%. The roles and attributes of a clinical educator most rated for effective learning include mentorship, knowledge provider, facilitator of learning, good communication and respect for students. Activities perceived as vital for effective clinical education include demonstration, linking theory to practice and giving guidance on patient management. The majority of the respondents preferred small group learning to one-on-one learning. Respondents further varied in their perceived learning values for the selected teaching/learning opportunities. Conclusions: Physiotherapy students and interns believe that clinical educators play key roles and expect them to display a wide range of professional attributes to facilitate students’ learning experiences. Possible deficiencies in clinical education experiences based on responses regarding the selected teaching/learning opportunities are also highlighted and warrant investigation to enhance clinical education experiences.
How does the common core to the harm experienced by affected family members vary by relationship, social and cultural factors?

Abstract This paper takes an international perspective on the harm to close family members caused by addiction. It draws on data collected by the Addiction and the Family International Network (AFINet), England, and their colleagues in other countries. It includes qualitative data based on semi-structured interviews in Mexico, England, Australia (an Indigenous sample), Nigeria, and India; quantitative data based on the use of a standard set of questionnaires specifically designed or chosen for use with family members affected by addiction problems collected in Mexico, England, Italy, Brazil and the USA. The results are interpreted to suggest that, although there is a common core to the harm experienced by all affected family members (AFMs), the family harm is variable, dependent in important ways on relationship, social and cultural factors. Specifically, it is hypothesised that AFMs experience greater coping difficulty and higher levels of strain under conditions of: greater accumulated burden; a family position of structural subordination and dependence; and lack of good quality social support.
Cultural competency of Fresno State nursing students

CULTURAL COMPETENCY OF FRESNO STATE NURSING STUDENTS The purpose of this research was to determine if there were significant differences in levels of cultural awareness in students from different racial and ethnic immigrant backgrounds, in a program that integrates cultural content into its curriculum with respect to race/ethnicity background, current program status, and participation in opportunities provided by the program. This study utilized primary data, collected by using the Cultural Awareness Survey with a total of 182 student participants from Fresno State and a 41.3% response rate. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for significance among the variables of race/ethnicity, program status, and participation. The study found that there were no statistical differences in cultural competence between students of different class standings in the nursing program as well as for the variable of participation. The study did not find statistically significant differences in cultural competence among students from different racial/ethnic and immigrant backgrounds. These results suggest that there may be no differences in cultural competency among nursing students because of their racial/ethnic backgrounds. However, several limitations must be taken into consideration prior to making generalizations regarding this study. Bessie Yang December 2015 CULTURAL COMPETENCY OF FRESNO STATE
Accelerated versus Conventional Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in The Treatment of Keratoconus

Background: corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) is one of the interesting topics in corneal surgery, with several recent modifications of the original Dresden protocol under investigation. Accelerated CXL is one of the exciting modifications of the original technique but with few published results. It Objective: the aim of the present study was to compare the effect of accelerated (both continuous and pulse) crosslinking on the keratoconic cornea versus conventional protocol. We stuck to inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Patients and methods: in this study we evaluated 90 eyes; 30 eyes received standard Dresden protocol (S-CXL), 30 eyes received continuous light accelerated protocol (cl-ACXL), and 30 eyes received pulsed light accelerated protocol (pl-ACXL). The refractive status, visual acuity, corneal topography, central corneal thickness and corneal biomechanics were evaluated preoperatively, at 1 st month, 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month postoperative. Results: all groups showed an improvement of MRSE, UCVA and BCVA one year after surgery. The central corneal thickness (CCT) markedly decreased at 1st month follow-up, then gradually increased till 12th month but still below the baseline. Both maximum and minimum keratometry (K-max and K-min) decreased significantly at 12th month follow-up. The corneal biomechanics; corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) showed no significant changes all over the follow-up period. Conclusion: the results in this study showed that both continuous and pulsed light accelerated cross-linking are as safe as standard Dresden protocol in halting keratoconus disease.
Monitoring treatment efficacy and resistance in breast cancer patients via circulating tumor DNA genomic profiling.

e12502 Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from liquid biopsy provides a valuable assessment of invasive breast cancer (BC). We evaluated the utility of ctDNA to reflect the efficacy of HER2-targeted trastuzumab in treating HER2+ BC patients, as well as chemotherapy in treating HER2- BC patients, to monitor trastuzumab and chemotherapy resistance mechanisms. Methods: Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 416 cancer-relevant genes was performed in 41 plasma biopsy samples from 19 HER2+ and 12 HER2- BC patients in a retrospective study. We compared ctDNA somatic mutations and germline mutations for analyzing acquired and innate resistance, respectively. Results: ERBB2 somatic copy number of HER2+ BC patients who developed progressed diseases to HER2-target therapy was significantly higher than those benefited from HER2-target therapy. HER2+ BC patients who developed acquired resistance to trastuzumab showed frequent genomic alterations on ERBB2, TP53, EGFR, NF1 and SETD2 genes. Specifically, in longitudinal analyses, somatic mutations found in the original breast tumor can be detected in the liver metastasis and plasma ctDNA with increased allele frequencies. Newly emerged deleterious mutations occurred when the patient was benefiting from trastuzumab, predicting the poor prognosis. From these newly emerged somatic mutations, EBBB2L869R was further investigated in vitro and contributed to trastuzumab resistance. In the HER2- BC patients with chemotherapy resistance, frequently genetic alterations on TP53, PIK3CA and DNA damage repair genes were observed in ctDNA mutation profiling. Conclusions: liquid biopsy ctDNA, particularly longitudinal analyses, provides insights into targeted therapy efficacy and gene alterations underlying trastuzumab resistance and chemotherapy resistance in HER2+ and HER2- BC patients, respectively.
Weed Populations and Herbicide Residues in Apple Orchards after 5 Years

Weed population shifts occurred when simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine], diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-urea], terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil), and dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) were applied annually for 5 years to an apple orchard. The number of brambles (Rubus sp.) and Virginia clematis (Clematis virginiana L.) plants increased with terbacil. usage. Bramble populations increased with the high rate of dichlobenil and goldenrod (Solidago sp.) increased at the low rate. The major vegetation on plots receiving amitrole (3-amino-s-triazole) was not altered from that of a mowed check. However, amitrole reduced growth of shallow planted trees. Postemergence applications of paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) four times during each growing season resulted in more bare soil than was in the mowed checks at the end of the fifth growing season. Yields of apples were higher in the simazine, terbacil, and dichlobenil-treated plots than in the mowed checks. Simazine and terbacil residues did not accumulate in the upper 60 cm of soil during the study; a slight accumulation of dichlobenil appeared to occur in the surface 0 to 15-cm.