Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health related quality of life in both types of diabetes in Shiraz, Iran

Aim: We assessed the dimensions of health related quality of life (HRQOL) in our area, Shiraz, Iran. Method: In this cross sectional study 300 diabetic patients of both types (I, II) in two specified diabetic healthcare centers and two hundred concomitants of the patients as healthy individuals were enrolled conveniently. Reliable and valid Persian SF-36 questionnaire were used for assessing HRQOL. Data were entered in SPSS 15 and p value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Result: Difference of scores between patient and control group in scales of physical functioning, physical problems, body pain, general health perception, social functioning, emotional problems, p-value were less than 0.001 while for vitality p-value was 0.102 and 0.200 for mental health. HRQoL scores of two genders did not differ significantly in patients. There were significant linear correlation between age, educational state, duration of disease and some aspects of QOL. Difference of mean score of HRQOL in different marital status was statistically significant in some scales. Discussion: Diabetic patients in our study had lower scores in all scales of HRQOL when compared with control group. Worst score in patient group was attributed to general health perception. Mental status was influenced in patients group in this study. Some patients indicated they feel downhearted and blue and some mentioned they felt so down in the dumps that nothing could cheer them up. Conclusion: lower HRQOL in diabetic patients needs to be addressed by special appropriate actions and interventions. These actions should be first studied regarding efficacy and cost effectiveness and if these interventions addressing individuals, requires mention to health literacy of population.
Use of a Specific Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist Can Prevent Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells in an In Vivo Rat Glaucoma Model

Acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) through activation of α7 nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs). In this study, the neuroprotective effects of the α7 nAChR agonist, PNU-282987, were investigated using an in vivo model of glaucoma in adult Long Evans rats. Hypertonic saline injections were used to induce a glaucoma model. After one month, retinas were removed, flat mounted, fixed and labeled with an antibody against Thy 1.1 to label RGCs and fluorescently tagged for visualization. Eye drop application of PNU-282987 resulted in neuroprotection against RGC loss in a dose-dependent manner compared to untreated controls when applied 3 days before hypertonic injections and for 30 days following the procedure. Liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopy with quad capabilities (LC/MSMS) demonstrated that PNU-282987 can be detected in the retina with small amounts in blood plasma and no detectable levels in heart samples. These results support the hypothesis that eye drop application of the α7 nAChR agonist, PNU-282987, can prevent loss of RGCs associated under glaucoma-like conditions. in the Biological Sciences Department. Working in her laboratory as an undergraduate established a foundation in research that I have continued to develop as a graduate student. Her advice and perseverance that have aided me throughout my stay in the graduate program at WMU have really made an impact towards fulfilling my goals and future ambitions. I have appreciated every effort that was made to help me overcome the obstacles I have endured. In addition, I would like to thank her for feedback that was given throughout the development of my thesis as a standing committee member. Having her on my committee allowed me to think critically about ways to interpret and present data, and has helped to improve the visual presentation of my figures. Secondly, I would like to thank Dr. John Jellies, a Professor in the Biological Sciences Department. His feedback and advice has been vital to the development of my thesis and ultimately led to finishing a product that I am proud of. I appreciate his perseverance and effort that assured my work fulfilled my maximum capacity. His challenges and constructive criticism have really developed my writing and critical thinking skills. I greatly appreciate his advice and am proud that he served as part of my committee. I would also like to extend my gratitude to Dr. Nora Berrah, Professor in …
A phenomenological exploration within Theoretical Cosmology: from the Early to the Late Universe.

En esta tesis se han explorado posibles extensiones del Modelo Estandar de la Cosmolog? a. Hemosobtenido las predicciones teoricas de los modelos considerados y sus principales caracter? sticas. Losresultados presentados estan basados en tres proyectos principales en los que he participadoconjuntamente con mi supervisora, Mariam Boudmadi Lopez, y otros colaboradores. Estos proyectosenfocan tres areas diferentes de investigacion en la Cosmolog? a actual: teor? as metricas de gravedadmodificada tipo f(R) y modelos de energ? a oscura (EO) dinamica descrita por campos de 3-forma.Asimismo, en esta tesis hemos considerado la Cosmolog? a Cuantica en el contexto del Universoprimordial. Ademas, tal como sugiere el titulo, en esta tesis el foco principal se ha centrado en untratamiento puramente teorico de los diferentes modelos considerados. Esta tesis esta dividida en cincopartes principales. En la Parte I se introducen los principales conceptos de la Cosmologia actual,juntamente con los metodos y observables cosmologicos usados para caracterizar los diferentes modelosanalizados. La Parte II se centra en la evolucion del Universo tard? o y esta dividida en dos cap? tulos. Enel primero se presentan los resultados de un modelo en que la EO y la radiacion oscura son descritas pormodificaciones de la gravedad del tipo f(R). En el segundo se estudian modelos de EO descrita por uncampo de 3-formas que interacciona con la materia oscura. En la Parte III, se estudian los efectos deepocas pre-inflacionarias en el espectro de potencias primordial en modelos inspirados por el formalismode la Tercera Cuantizacion. Finalmente, en la Parte IV se presentan las conclusiones y comentariosfinales de la tesis y en la Parte V se incluyen los apendices con una revision de la teor? a de lasperturbaciones cosmologicas lineales y con calculos y resultados auxiliares.
Immunisation Status of Children and Mothers in the State of Madhya Pradesh

The present paper aims to study the immunisation status of children and mothers in the state of Madhya Pradesh and their comparison with the results of all India levels. Design : Two stage design was adopted with Probability Proportion to Size (PPS) Sampling. The study covered seven districts in the state. About 1400 children (between 1-2 age groups) and mothers (children up one year of age) were studied. Detailed information about the immunization status of different vaccines of children and on Tetanus Toxoid ANC about pregnant women were collected. It has been observed that about 61 percent children received all the vaccines (BCG DPT OPV Measles) as against about 63 per cent at all India level. Further only 42 per cent of pregnant women received full package of ANC i.e. minimum three ANC visits TT2/Booster and IFA tablets. Coverage levels were one of the lowest as compared to other states. The coverage levels were also lower for children of illiterate mothers and in inaccessible villages. Improvement could be achieved by improving IEC activities specially among females as well as making this programme success by putting all efforts in the case of Pulse Polio. (authors)
Privacy Preserving Searchable Encryption with Fine-Grained Access Control

Searchable encryption facilitates cloud server to search over encrypted data without decrypting the data. Single keyword based searchable encryption enables a user to access a subset of documents, which contains the keyword of the user’s interest. In this paper, we present a single keyword based searchable encryption scheme for the applications where multiple data owners upload their data and then multiple users can access the data. The scheme uses attribute based encryption that allows user to access the selective subset of data from cloud without revealing his/her access rights to the cloud server. The scheme is proven adaptively secure against chosen-keyword attack in the random oracle model. We have implemented the scheme on Google cloud instance and the performance of the scheme found practical in real-world applications.
Tendencias del cáncer de mama en América Latina y el Caribe

OBJETIVO: Describir la magnitud y distribucion espaciotemporal del cancer de mama (CaMa) en America Latina y el Caribe (LAC) de 1979 a 2005. El CaMa destaca como la causa de muerte mas importante por tumores malignos en las mujeres latinoamericanas, incluso por arriba del cancer cervicouterino. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Revision y organizacion de las estadisticas nacionales e internacionales (registros, estudios publicados y bases de datos) sobre incidencia y mortalidad. Elaboracion de estimadores basicos, razones de mortalidad para cada pais y analisis de tendencias. RESULTADOS: Aun con el rezago de informacion presente en la region, se observa un incremento de la incidencia y la mortalidad por CaMa. La razon de muertes/casos en los paises de LAC muestra problemas de acceso a la deteccion y tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: El reto es mejorar los sistemas de informacion y la infraestructura diagnostica para la deteccion oportuna y el tratamiento adecuado con la finalidad de detener la tendencia ascendente de la mortalidad prematura.
Tracing Homeric Metaphor

some more explicit. A particularly complex example of a fable is the famous hawk and nightingale episode in Hesiod’s Erga (203–12), in which the raptor chides the captured and terrified songbird for not being resigned to its fate at the hands (or talons, in this case) of its stronger avian counterpart. This is the oldest recorded “fable” in Greek poetry, and is described by Hesiod as an αἶνος (202), an appropriate designation given the riddling and enigmatic nature of the tale. It is left unsaid to whom these birds correspond in the Hesiod’s story-world, or the real-world, leading to scholarly debate since antiquity. The fable’s meaning is further complicated by its ending with the hawk’s speech, and with no narration of whether the nightingale is eaten, escapes, or is somehow victorious.364 Moreover, Hesiod’s indication that this fable is for “thoughtful kings” (202) mirrors his ensuing address to his brother Perses (213–24), in which the depiction of personified Justice uses language that casts her as a retributive counterpart to the nightingale.365 Regarding Hesiod’s use of these birds in his fable, we might note that the difference between fable and omen, which features prominently in the Iliad and especially the Odyssey, is the context, “literary” vs. “real,” rather than any difference in hermeneutic method. 363 According to the ancient progymnasmata, on which see Kennedy 2003, προμύθιον is the moral that precedes the fable, and the ἐπιμύθιον is that which follows. 364 See Steiner 2012, 1–11 for an argument (with summary of previous approaches) that the birds are polysemous, with the hawk representing the kings, Perses, and Homeric poetic discourse, and the nightingale representing Hesiod and his poetic style (with its belated victory). 365 See Pucci 1977, 65–6 and Bonnafé 1983 on the parallels between the fable and the story of personified Justice.
Rethinking management

Editor—Smith in his editorial on the rejection of the proposed consultant contract in England and Wales cites as a principal cause the widespread distrust among clinicians of hospital managers.1 In the same edition, Houghton et al identify a lack of adequate training in writing business plans, negotiating change, and getting things done as specific difficulties for newly appointed consultants.2 Clinicians are often thrust into senior management positions with major responsibilities for substantial budgets without the necessary financial know-how. A fundamental rethink of medical management is called for. What is needed is the development of a distinct career track in medical management at a much earlier stage, with the necessary management training on a par with that available in the commercial sector. This model has worked well in Australia. Such medical managerial posts will need adequate sessional commitments for these managers to provide a high quality of executive function. A professional cadre of medically qualified managers in touch with clinicians involved in the delivery of service, setting realistic targets for service delivery in partnership with lay hospital managers, might restore the trust of the medical profession and deliver the standards of care to which the government aspires.
Ethical Dilemmas: Are Audiologists and Hearing Aid Users on the Same Side?

This study examined the opinions of audiologists and hearing aid users on ethical issues related to the provision of hearing aids and interactions with hearing aid manufacturers. With support from two national organizations, Canadian Association of SpeechLanguage Pathologists and Audiologists and Canadian Hard of Hearing Association, audiologists and hearing aid users from across Canada were recruited to participate in an online survey. A total of 302 respondents (109 audiologists and 193 hearing aid users) completed a questionnaire where they rated the ethicalness of 20 scenarios posing potential ethical dilemmas faced by audiologists. Results showed that, although hearing aid users and audiologists exhibited similar patterns of perception regarding the ethicalness of the scenarios, the actual ratings for the two groups were significantly different for the majority of the scenarios. When differences were observed, hearing aid users tended to consider the scenario more ethically problematic than did audiologists. In general, views were similar between private practice audiologists and public practice audiologists for most scenarios.
Utilization and Influence of Health Information Technology: on Kentucky Advanced Practice Registered Nurses' Clinical Decision Making

Information technology is ubiquitous in society and industry; however, healthcare is just beginning to explore how health information technology (HIT) can be optimized to support quality care. HIT can assist with standardizing care delivery, increasing access to evidence-based medicine, improving accuracy and ease of documentation, and assisting with patient education. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs), specifically nurse practitioners (NPs) and certified nurse midwives (CNMs), play a pivotal role in the healthcare delivery system. To be effective practitioners, providers must manage, integrate, and assimilate a multitude of knowledge with each patient encounter. HIT can serve as the channel through which the NP and CNM provides cost-effective, efficient, and quality care. However, healthcare providers have been slow to adopt and implement HIT resources. We know that adoption of HIT by healthcare providers is varied among provider and practice settings. However, few studies have examined the impact on and utilization of information technology by APRNs, specifically nurse practitioners and certified nurse midwives. The purpose of this research was to investigate the utilization and influence of HIT on the clinical decision making of Kentucky nurse practitioners and nurse midwives (Kentucky APRNs). A descriptive cross-sectional design using survey methodology and convenience sampling was employed. Participants were asked to complete an author-modified, web-based survey tool that was based on current research. The 40-question tool was designed to explore providers’ attitudes and perceptions of technology, determine their knowledge and utilization of various electronic and traditional print medical resources, and assess the penetration of and daily usage of HIT in practice.
The effects of ankle foot orthoses on the gait pattern of stroke patients with equines deformity of the foot

Background: Following a stroke many patients develop a deformity of the foot referred to as equmus deformity. Equmus deformity is commonly treated by prescribing an ankle foot orthosis (AFO). Few studies have assessed the effects of wearing AFOs or the effects of different types of leaf forms of AFOs on hemiplegic gait. Aim To establish the effects of an equmus deformity of the foot on gait and to examine the effect of wearing AFOs on hemiplegic gait. Methods: 30 normal subjects (Ngroup), 10 normal subject’s age matched with the stroke group (NAMgroup) and 23 stroke patients with equmus deformity of the foot (Sgroup) were recruited to participate in this study. The kinematics and kinetics of each subject’s gait were analysed using a Vicon Motion Analysis system and two AMTI forceplates [250Hz]. Gait was assessed under the conditions of walking 1) without an ankle foot orthosis, 2) with an anterior leaf AFO, and 3) with a posterior leaf AFO. Statistical analyses were carried out using repeated measures ANOVA, correlations and a cluster analysis The p value was set at 0 05. Results: The gait pattern of the Sgroup were described and found to be nonhomogeneous and consisted of three distinct patterns. Only one subgroup (SGI) had significantly improved gait with the wearing of an AFO SGI had the more normalised gait pattern prior to wear of an AFO m comparison to the other two subgroups, having a greater walking speed, stride and step length. Furthermore, this study identified that different leaf forms of AFOs have different effects on joint angular kinematics. Wearing an AFO did not significantly decrease oxygen uptake, energy cost or COM displacement of the Sgroup. Conclusion: The results of this study will aid in improved prescription of AFOs to stroke patients with equmus deformity of the foot. The results of this study would also suggest that wearing AFOs has no significant effect on energy expenditure.
Particularits de lexamen chocardiographique chez les ophidiens

Resume L’echocardiographie chez les ophidiens comporte un certain nombre de specificites, directement liees aux particularites anatomiques et physiologiques du systeme cardiovasculaire de ces animaux: presence de deux aortes (au lieu d’une seule chez les mammiferes), d’un seul ventricule (et non de deux), de deux veines caves crâniales (et non d’une), ou encore existence d’une cavite supplementaire tubulaire denommee sinus veineux et s’abouchant dans l’atrium droit au niveau de l’orifice sino-atrial. L’examen ultrasonore par abord ventral et intercostal offre une bonne visualisation de ces differentes structures en grand axe et petit axe. L’objectif principal de cette technique est l’etablissement du diagnostic ante-mortem de cardiopathies diverses, endocardites et myocardites notamment. Mots cles: echocardiographie, doppler, cœur, ophidien, reptile Specific features of echocardiographic examination in ophidians Echocardiography in ophidians shows several particularities, directly due to the anatomical features of their cardiovascular system:two aortic arches (instead of one in mammals), one single ventricle (instead of two), two cranial venae cavae (instead of one), and also one supplementary tubular cavity called sinus venosus, which proceeds into the right atrium at the sino-atrial opening. Ultrasound examination using a ventral and an intercostal approach allows a good visualisation of these cardiac structures in short and long axis.The main purpose of this technique is to establish the ante-mortem diagnosis of heart diseases, such as endocarditis and myocarditis.
Circular RNA circCRIM1 inhibits invasion and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma through the microRNA (miR)‐182/miR‐93‐leukemia inhibitory factor receptor pathway

In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been revealed to have important roles in carcinogenesis. Metastasis is the leading cause of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAC) death. However, the contributions of circRNA to the metastasis of LUAC remain largely unknown. Based on circBase data and our biobank tissues, we identified circCRIM1 (a circRNA derived from exons 2, 3 and 4 of the CRIM1 gene, hsa_circ_0002346) as having a significantly decreased expression in LUAC samples compared with matched normal control samples. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that circCRIM1 suppresses the invasion and metastasis of LUAC. In vitro precipitation of circRNAs, luciferase reporter assay, and biotin‐coupled microRNA capture were carried out to investigate the Ago2‐dependent interaction of circCRIM1 and microRNA (miR)‐93/miR‐182. Mechanistically, we found that circCRIM1 could promote the expression of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, a well‐known tumor suppressor, by sponging miR‐93 and miR‐182. In the clinical and pathological analyses, the downregulation of circCRIM1 in LUAC was significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage, which served as an independent risk factor for the overall survival of patients with LUAC. Our study showed that circCRIM1 inhibits the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cancer cells, which makes it a potential therapeutic target.
Use of Non-invasive Parameters and Machine-Learning Algorithms for Predicting Future Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Health Data From Kuwait

Objective: In recent decades, the Arab population has experienced an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), particularly within the Gulf Cooperation Council. In this context, early intervention programmes rely on an ability to identify individuals at risk of T2DM. We aimed to build prognostic models for the risk of T2DM in the Arab population using machine-learning algorithms vs. conventional logistic regression (LR) and simple non-invasive clinical markers over three different time scales (3, 5, and 7 years from the baseline). Design: This retrospective cohort study used three models based on LR, k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), and support vector machines (SVM) with five-fold cross-validation. The models included the following baseline non-invasive parameters: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), pre-existing hypertension, family history of hypertension, and T2DM. Setting: This study was based on data from the Kuwait Health Network (KHN), which integrated primary health and hospital laboratory data into a single system. Participants: The study included 1,837 native Kuwaiti Arab individuals (equal proportion of men and women) with mean age as 59.5 ± 11.4 years. Among them, 647 developed T2DM within 7 years of the baseline non-invasive measurements. Analytical methods: The discriminatory power of each model for classifying people at risk of T2DM within 3, 5, or 7 years and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were determined. Outcome measures: Onset of T2DM at 3, 5, and 7 years. Results: The k-NN machine-learning technique, which yielded AUC values of 0.83, 0.82, and 0.79 for 3-, 5-, and 7-year prediction horizons, respectively, outperformed the most commonly used LR method and other previously reported methods. Comparable results were achieved using the SVM and LR models with corresponding AUC values of (SVM: 0.73, LR: 0.74), (SVM: 0.68, LR: 0.72), and (SVM: 0.71, LR: 0.70) for 3-, 5-, and 7-year prediction horizons, respectively. For all models, the discriminatory power decreased as the prediction horizon increased from 3 to 7 years. Conclusions: Machine-learning techniques represent a useful addition to the commonly reported LR technique. Our prognostic models for the future risk of T2DM could be used to plan and implement early prevention programmes for at risk groups in the Arab population.