Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using GOMS for Modeling Routine Tasks Within Complex Sociotechnical Systems: Connecting Macrocognitive Models to Microcognition

Cognitive modeling has not yet played much of a role in the study of sociotechnical systems. Arguably, this is because most cognitive modeling systems were originally created to model microcognitive results, not the types of macrocognitive behaviors that drive sociotechnical systems (Klein et al., 2003). However, this does not mean that cognitive modeling systems cannot be adapted to deal with macrocognitive activities in ways that are relevant to cognitive engineering. Previous research using GOMS in sociotechnical systems indicated that GOMS is problematic to use when interruptions and task switching are common; therefore, we added new theoretical structures to GOMS to deal with these issues. We tested the system by constructing a model of routine network maintenance and installation at a large telecommunications company. We then compared the model predictions with observations of the work. The results showed that the model results were useful in guiding the research and organizing the findings.
The Interplay between Online Reviews and Physician Demand: An Empirical Investigation

Social media platforms for healthcare services are changing how patients choose physicians. The digitization of healthcare reviews has been providing additional information to patients when choosing their physicians. On the other hand, the growing online information introduces more uncertainty among providers regarding the expected future demand and how different service features can affect patient decisions. In this paper, we derive various service-quality proxies from online reviews and show that leveraging textual information can derive useful operational measures to better understand patient choices. To do so, we study a unique data set from one of the leading appointment-booking websites in the United States. We derive from the text reviews the seven most frequently mentioned topics among patients, namely, bedside manner, diagnosis accuracy, waiting time, service time, insurance process, physician knowledge, and office environment, and then incorporate these service features into a random-coefficient choice model to quantify the economic values of these service-quality proxies. By introducing quality proxies from text reviews, we find the predictive power of patient choice increases significantly, for example, a 6%–12% improvement measured by mean squared error for both in-sample and out-of-sample tests. In addition, our estimation results indicate that contextual description may better characterize users’ perceived quality than numerical ratings on the same service feature. Broadly speaking, this paper shows how to incorporate textual information into an econometric model to understand patient choice in healthcare delivery. Our interdisciplinary approach provides a framework that combines machine learning and structural modeling techniques to advance the literature in empirical operations management, information systems, and marketing. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management.
Why are Online Catalogs Hard to Use? Lessons Learned from Information=Retrieval Studies

Research in user behavior on online catalogs is in its early stages, but preliminary findings suggest that users encounter many of the same problems identified in behavioral studies of other types of bibliographic retrieval systems. Much can be learned from comparing the results of user behavior studies on these two types of systems. Research on user problems with both the mechanical aspects and the conceptual aspects of system use is reviewed, with the conclusion that more similarity exists across types of systems in conceptual than in mechanical problems. Also discussed are potential sources of the problems, due either to individual characteristics or to system variables. A series of research questions is proposed and a number of potential interim solutions are suggested for alleviating some of the problems encountered by users of information systems. © 1986 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Duodenal Carcinoid Tumors: A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience

Carcinoid tumors are relatively uncommon neoplasms. They arise from neuroendocrine cells, and are most commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract, with 61% of all neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) gastroenteropancreatic in origin [1-5]. The term “carcinoid” is synonymous with “well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor” when gastroenteric in origin [6]. Carcinoid tumor cells contain neurosecretory granules composed of a variety of hormones and biogenic amines. One of the best known of these is serotonin. These substances are responsible for the symptoms of carcinoid tumors, including the “carcinoid syndrome” [7,8] .
Kennen und nutzen Ärzte den strukturierten Qualitätsbericht

Als Schaltstelle zur stationaren Behandlung sind einweisende Arzte eine wichtige Empfangergruppe der gesetzlichen Qualitatsberichte der Krankenhauser. Die Studie untersuchte den aktuellen Stand uber die Kenntnis und Verwendung der Qualitatsberichte im Rahmen der Patientenberatung. Retrospektive Beobachtungsstudie anhand einer telefonischen, strukturierten Primarbefragung einer geschichteten Zufallsstichprobe von 300 Arzten. Neben deskriptiven Analysen der absoluten und relativen Haufigkeiten der Kenntnis und Verwendung der Qualitatsberichte wurden mogliche Einflussfaktoren (Alter, Geschlecht, Fachgebiet, Praxisart und Praxisregion) mittels einer binaren Regressionsanalyse untersucht. Knapp weniger als die Halfte der befragten Arzte wusste von der Existenz der gesetzlichen Qualitatsberichte. Jungere Mediziner kannten den Qualitatsbericht haufiger, nutzten den Bericht aber nicht haufiger als ihre alteren Kollegen. Insgesamt gab nur ein Zehntel der Arzte an, Qualitatsberichte in der Originalform aktiv im Rahmen der Patientenberatung genutzt zu haben. Zieht man auch eine elektronische Verwendung der Qualitatsberichtsdaten, insbesondere in Form der zahlreichen Krankenhausvergleichsportale im Internet in Betracht, erhohte sich der Anteil der Nutzung auf 14%. Bei der Patientenberatung im Vorfeld einer Krankenhauseinweisung spielen die gesetzlichen Qualitatsberichte bisher eine untergeordnete Rolle, da zu wenige Arzte die Qualitatsberichte kennen und nutzen.
Critères de normalité de Rigiscan® chez l'homme âgé

But : Definir les parametres normaux de l'erection chez l'homme âge devant subir une prostatectomie radicale. Materiel et Methodes : 75 patients devant subir une prostatectomie radicale ont utilise un Rigiscan® pendant 2 ou 3 nuits consecutives. Les resultats du test ont ete analyses manuellement selon les criteres de Kaneko et Bradley et par analyse automatisee. Les resultats du Rigiscan® analyses de maniere automatisee ont ete compares aux donnees de l'interrogatoire, aux resultats de l'echo-doppler des arteres caverneuses et enfin a l'analyse manuelle du Rigiscan®. Resultats: 73% des patients ont utilise l'appareil pendant trois nuits consecutives (55/75). 42 patients avaient un minimum de deux traces normaux. Le seul facteur predictif d'enregistrement anormal a ete l'âge des patients (p < 0,05). La presque totalite des patients ont eu des erections qui ont dure plus de 2 minutes, alors que seulement 29 des 74 patients ont eu des erections de plus de 10 minutes avec une rigidite superieure a 70%. La lecture manuelle et l'analyse automatisee du Rigiscan® ont ete concordantes chez les patients qui ont eu des erections superieures a 70% pendant au moins 2 minutes. Conclusion: Cette etude prospective a permis d'etablir des parametres normaux pour l'evaluation de la fonction sexuelle par Rigiscan® dans une population d'hommes âges. Il n'existe pas de correlation entre les donnees du questionnaire, les resultats du Rigiscan® et les resultats de l'echo-doppler.
Generating DNA code word for DNA computing with realtime PCR

A number of DNA computing models to solve mathematical graph problem such as the Hamiltonian Path Problem (HPP), Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), and the Shortest Path Problem (SPP) have been proposed and demonstrated. Normally, the DNA sequences used for the computation should be critically designed in order to reduce error that could occur during computation. In 2007, we proposed a DNA computing readout method tailored specifically to HPP in DNA computing using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). We also proposed a procedure for DNA sequence design for DNA computation with output visualization on real-time PCR machine. The procedure includes DNA Sequence Generator which generate all the required sequences implemented in the experiment. In this paper, we propose different procedures by using generate-and-test algorithm with several design constraints to get all the DNA sequences. The generated DNA sequences represent nodes, edges, primers, and probes that are used in DNA computation of HPP with output visualization based on real-time PCR.
Practice makes perfect? Vets’ information seeking behaviour and information use explored

A random sample of UK veterinary practitioners was surveyed and interviewed on behalf of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons Wellcome Library to identify key issues in veterinary information use (IU) and information seeking behaviour (ISB). 1 A greater proportion of respondents used the Internet for veterinary information than used a veterinary library. However, conventional journals, textbooks and conferences were the main information sources used. Some variations in information source use by practice size and type and information type were identified. The majority of library users and non‐users wanted enhanced library access via the Internet, especially to full‐text journals.
Adaptive propagation modelling based on neural network techniques

A hybrid modelling approach for the prediction of terrestrial wave propagation is introduced. It is shown that the use of neural networks leads to highly adaptive models by the simultaneous representation of nonlinear dependencies of various environmental parameters. This flexible and computationally effective approach can be used for calibration as well as extension of conventional prediction models. Measurement results are presented in urban microcells, showing that this idea leads to significant improvements in practical planning scenarios.
Mel-cepstral distance measure for objective speech quality assessment

The author proposes a perceptually motivated modification to the cepstral distance measure (CD) based on the mel frequency scale and critical-band filtering. The new objective parameter is referred to as the mel cepstral distance (MCD). The author measures and compares the performance of the CD and MCD algorithms by applying them to a dataset representing low-bit-rate code-excited linear prediction (CELP)-coded speech with simulated channel conditions. The improvement in correlation with subjective DAM scores indicates that critical band filtering (and frequency warping) allows better modeling of perceived quality. <<ETX>>
A fully integrated low-power FSK receiver for VHF and UHF paging

The author introduces a very sensitive, highly integrated UHF paging receiver which is based on the offset-receiver principle and is fully compatible with all FSK (frequency-shift-keying) modulated systems (512 b/s and 1200 b/s). The IC is fabricated using an advanced bipolar UHF process, has a typical current consumption of only 3 mA at 2-V supply voltage, and is in a 28-pin SO (small outline) package for automated assembly. Test results are presented. >
Feature Extraction, Construction and Selection: A Data Mining Perspective

From the Publisher: The book can be used by researchers and graduate students in machine learning, data mining, and knowledge discovery, who wish to understand techniques of feature extraction, construction and selection for data pre-processing and to solve large size, real-world problems. The book can also serve as a reference book for those who are conducting research about feature extraction, construction and selection, and are ready to meet the exciting challenges ahead of us.
Toward an Intelligent Editor of Digital Audio: Signal Processing Methods

In this article, we will describe signal processing methods that have been developed for use in an automatic music analysis system. A companion article by Chafe, Mont-Reynaud, and Rush, also in this issue of the Journal, deals with higher-level issues, namely the recognition of musical constructs. Unless one is willing to settle for a direct interface between musician and computer, such as the hardwired keyboard in the Xerox PARC system (Ornstein and Maxwell 1981), techniques must be developed to extract musical features from the sound itself. The approach of combining signal processing with knowledge engineering seems quite promising for music analysis. In contrast with many of the signals to which signal processing methods are applied, musical signals usually contain a great deal of order, chiefly in the form of quasi-periodicity (pitch and rhythm), and are not usually severely corrupted with random noise. By taking advantage of these features, one can construct mechanisms that provide musically significant descriptions of real data, such as tempo tracking ("foot-tapping"), meter analysis, attack characterization, pitch characterization (including vibrato), and timbre analysis. In this article and its companion, sample results of some promising strategies for accomplishing these goals are presented. In particular, we will concentrate on the problems of primary segmentation, that is, the first few passes through the data using little or no a priori knowledge. If we can mark the begin time for each new event in the music, the task of classifying and parameterizing each event is made easier. We have tried three approaches to this segmentation problem: (1) an amplitude thresholding method, (2) a linear predictive coding (LPC) method, and (3) a pitch detection method. While we will also discuss more advanced strategies, these are generally awaiting implementation and thus are not included in he examples.
A Survey of Data Mining Techniques on Risk Prediction: Heart Disease

Comparison of classification techniques in Data mining to find the best technique for creating risk prediction model of heart disease at minimum effort. In Data mining, different methods used to find risk prediction of heart disease. There are two types of model used in analysis of data. First one is applying single model to various heart data and another one is applying combined model to the data. The combined model also known as hybrid model. This paper provides a quick and easy understanding of various prediction models in data mining and helps to find best model for further work. This is unique approach because various techniques listed and expressed in bar chart to understand accuracy level of each. These techniques are chosen based on their efficiency in the literature. In previous studies of different researcher expressed their effort on finding best approach for risk prediction model and here we found best model by comparing those researcher’s findings as survey. This survey helps to understand the recent techniques involved in risk prediction of heart disease at classification in data mining. Survey of relevant data mining techniques which are involved in risk prediction of heart disease provides best prediction model as hybrid approach comparing with single model approach.
0.18- μm CMOS 10-Gb/s multiplexer/demultiplexer ICs using current mode logic with tolerance to threshold voltage fluctuation

A feedback MOS current mode logic (MCML) is proposed for the high-speed operation of CMOS transistors. This logic is more tolerant to the threshold voltage fluctuation than the conventional MCML and is suitable for gigahertz operation of deep-submicron CMOS transistors. Using this logic, 8:1 multiplexer (MUX) and 1:8 demultiplexer (DEMUX) ICs for optical-fiber-link systems have been fabricated with 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS transistors. The ICs are faster than conventional CMOS MUX and DEMUX ICs and their power consumption is less than 1/4 of that of the conventional 10-Gb/s MUX and DEMUX ICs made using Si bipolar or GaAs transistors.
Efficient distributed simulation through dynamic load balancing

With recent advances in parallel computation, distributed simulation has become a viable way of dealing with time-consuming simulations. For distributed simulations to run efficiently, care must be taken in assigning the tasks (work) in the simulated system to the available physical processors in the computer system. An inefficient assignment can result in excessive communication times between processors and unfavorable load conditions. This leads to long run times, possibly giving performance worse than that with a uniprocessor sequential event-list implementation. This paper establishes the feasibility, and in some cases the necessity, of using dynamic task allocation (rather than a-priori static allocation) in distributed simulation. A dynamic reallocation strategy is developed, and experiments on an iPSC/2 Hypercube indicate that significant improvements in run time can be achieved at low cost.
Efficient and Predictable Approach for Supporting Spatial Partitioning of Real-Time Applications

Abstract A typical mission-critical real-time system is made up of a number of subsystems (applications), each allocated separate hardware and software resources. However, integration of multiple real-time applications has gained acceptance as a new trend in the industry during the past few years. Integration would require real-time applications to share computing resources and a significant savings in cost and space can be achieved. However, sharing of computing resources raises the issue of spatial partitioning between real-time applications in order to prevent a subsystem-level error from causing a system-wide failure. The provision of spatial partitioning in most advanced processors involves the use of virtual addressing. Virtual addressing is rarely used in real-time systems as it introduces unpredictability to the execution time and thus causes overestimation of the computing and communication resources required to guarantee timeliness. In addition, address translation introduces overhead that slows down execution. In this paper, we describe an efficient and yet predictable approach for supporting spatial partitioning in mission-critical real-time applications. Our approach classifies real-time tasks based on criticality and communication patterns and tailors the implementation of spatial protection to the need of tasks. We show that our approach can provide a tight estimate for the execution time and allows efficient resource utilization. The approach is validated on the PowerPC architecture.
Videoteleconferencing: Why is it disadvantageous for Group Collaboration?

Nonverbal behaviour such as gaze and gestures and verbal behaviour such as backchannelling are used as feedback in face-to-face communication to naturally regulate the flow of conversation by providing cues for turn-taking and floor control [1, 8]. According to Sellen [13], one’s head and shoulders are an essential part of the interactive process of conversation and explains why videoconferencing software, both commercial (e.g. See-it, ) and noncommercial [11], focuses on providing a face-to-face perspective.
Benchmarking Competent Instructional Media Designers in the Corporate World

Abstracts English: Benchmarking is one of the major business strategies for continuous improvement. Camp (1989) defines it as ‘the search for best practices that will lead to superior performance’. Leibfried and McNair (1992) expand this definition by stating, ‘Benchmarking is an external focus on internal activities, functions, or operations in order to achieve continuous improvement. ’ In other words, best‐practice identification generates actions for good, and benchmarking inevitably leads to an exploration of the ‘internal world’ (e.g. personalities and competencies) of expert practitioners in the corporate field.
Meteorological and geo‐orographical relationships with lightning activity in Castilla‐Leon (Spain)

Some meteorological and geo‐orographical factors related to cloud‐to‐ground flashes in Castilla‐Leon (Spain) are studied. The relationship between flash density and the number of days with thunderstorms (thunderdays) is analysed, and a clear dependence and geographical variability is found. It is also shown that flashes have an average delay of four hours with respect to the time of the beginning of convection. The effect on flashes of dry static instability and moisture content is analysed by classifying days into four types according to the average values of the 850–700 hPa temperature difference and the 850 hPa dew‐point temperature. A similar classification using the 700 hPa wind direction is used to analyse the effect of the mean‐level flow on flashes. The results suggest that the daily number of flashes is mainly affected by the moisture content. Finally, a relationship between the cloud‐to‐ground flash density and geo‐orographical factors (altitude, latitude and longitude) is deduced using multiple linear analysis. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society
Investigating Elementary Students' Scientific and Historical Argumentation

This article examines the relationship between epistemic cognition and classroom argumentation practices in elementary science and history. Literature highlights argumentation as a critical epistemic practice for science and history learning (Duschl & J. Osborne, 2002; National Research Council, 2007, 2012). Although there is ample support for argumentation in the teaching of history and science, the specific epistemic issues that students address through this practice are not always empirically documented. We draw on the work of Chinn, Buckland, and Samarapungavan (2011) to examine argumentation practices in science and history in 2 fifth-grade and 2 sixth-grade urban classrooms. Students' and teachers' emergent argumentation practices were coded and analyzed and epistemic reasoning was examined using the 5 components of the Chinn et al. model. Findings highlight that students engaged in complex argumentation practices that were consistent across classrooms. The classroom case examples demonstrate that students addressed all 5 epistemic components in the Chinn et al. model through their argumentation practice. Further research to better understand the relationship between teacher epistemic commitments, pedagogical practices, and student epistemic commitments and learning is suggested.
A hybrid switched mode control approach for V/STOL flight control problems

We study two flight control problems for the standard planar V/STOL (vertical/short take off and landing) flight control model. Stabilization and tracking objectives are difficult to achieve since the model is known to be nonminimum phase, i.e. for outputs of interest there are unstable zero dynamics. A class of nonlinear hybrid feedback controllers, switching between members of a family of piecewise constant functions, is introduced; switching logic is defined that guarantees satisfaction of the desired control objectives. We show that this hybrid control approach is effective for these problems.