Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Srcasm Modulates EGF and Src-kinase Signaling in Keratinocytes*

The Src-activating and signaling molecule (Srcasm) is a recently described activator and substrate of Src-family tyrosine kinases (SFKs). When phosphorylated at specific tyrosines, Srcasm associates with Grb2 and p85, the regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase; however, little is known about the role of Srcasm in cellular signaling. Data presented here demonstrate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligands promote the tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous and adenovirally transduced Srcasm in keratinocytes, and that increased levels of Srcasm activate endogenous SFKs, with a preference for Fyn and Src. In addition, Srcasm potentiates EGF-dependent signals transmitted by SFKs in keratinocytes. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Srcasm is dependent on growth factors and the activity of EGFR and SFKs. Increased Srcasm expression enhances p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and Elk-1-dependent transcriptional events. Elevated Srcasm levels inhibit keratinocyte proliferation while promoting specific aspects of keratinocyte differentiation. Lastly, Srcasm levels are decreased in human cutaneous neoplasia. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Srcasm plays a role in linking EGF receptor- and SFK-dependent signaling to differentiation in keratinocytes.
Social origins of major depression: the role of provoking agents and vulnerability factors

ABSTRACT An examination of the Brown‐Harris etiological model of depressive disorder was accomplished by analyzing data from a community study of 800 middle‐aged urban Swedish women. The sample included 53 onset cases of major depressive episode (DMS‐1II) in a 1–year period. In the analysis, interaction was defined according to the additive model employed by Brown & Harris. Occurrence of provoking agents was not significantly related to onset of depressive episode. None of the four vulnerability factors of the model showed significant interaction with provoking agents as expected from the model. One of them, lack of intimacy, increased significantly the risk of major depression in its own right, i.e. in the absence of provoking agent. Possible explanations for the major discrepancies of results between the original Camberwell study and the present one are briefly discussed.
Tuning extrinsic noise effects on a small genetic circuit

Measurements at the single cell level showed that monoclonal Escherichia coli cells differ widely in the numbers of components affecting gene expression dynamics. Using a stochastic model of a 2-genes symmetric toggle switch with realistic multi-step promoter initiation kinetics and empirically validated parameter values, we investigate the role of transcription initiation kinetics on the degree with which cell-to-cell variability in cellular components generates cell-to-cell diversity in switch dynamics. We find that while the mean switching frequency is determined by the promoter kinetics, the cell to cell diversity of this frequency depends both on promoter kinetics and diversity in RNA polymerase numbers. At a microscale level, the main regulator of the cell-to-cell variability in protein numbers (of both genes in ON and OFF states) is the promoters kinetics, not the diversity in RNA polymerase numbers. We conclude that the promoters kinetics is a critical regulator of the toggle switch dynamics and t.
Panniculitis in Juvenile Dermatomyositis

Abstract: Panniculitis is a rarely reported clinical finding in dermatomyositis. We present a 14‐year‐old African American boy with a 4‐year history of dermatomyositis referred for evaluation of tender, indurated plaques and nodules on the trunk and proximal extremities. A biopsy specimen revealed epidermal and dermal changes consistent with dermatomyositis. Although calcification was absent, a striking lobular panniculitis was observed. A total of seven cases of clinical panniculitis in association with dermatomyositis have been published. As in our patient, it typically presents as indurated, tender plaques and nodules on the arms, thighs, and buttocks. Although in the vast majority of cases panniculitis found in association with dermatomyositis is subclinical and represents an incidental histopathologic finding, the case we present further emphasizes the need to recognize panniculitis as a rare, but clinically relevant pathologic feature seen in certain lesions of juvenile dermatomyositis.
Comparison of phenolic extracts obtained of pinus radiata bark from pulp and paper industry and sawmill industry

Pinus radiata barks obtained from tress of different ages, as subproduct of pulp and paper (trees less than 10 years) and sawmill (trees between 20 to 25 years) industries, were used to produce extracts containing phenolic compounds. A factorial design 23 was used to evaluate the influence of the variables temperature (25 – 35 oC), solvent type (acetone - ethanol) and extraction time (1-12 h). The extracts were compared in their extraction yield (%), total phenols (by FolinCiocalteau), and radical scavenging activity (by DPPH). The extract obtained from old trunks presented a higher extraction yield than from young trees. The highest yield value was 2.56%, which was obtained using acetone as solvent for 12 h and 35°C. The highest concentration of phenol (5.84±0.18 g CE g extract-1), and scavenging activity (IP=86.1±4.4%) were also obtained for this type of extract. The extraction duration was the variable that most influenced the parameters studied. The bark’s radical scavenging power was greater than BHT (40%) and slightly lower than ascorbic acid (92%), common commercial antioxidants.
Still seeking for an explanation of the Sequential Compatibility Effect

Themodulation of the Compatibility Effect(CE) according to the compatibility of the previous trial (Sequential Compatibility Effect, SCE) in three types of attentionaltasks is explored. Flankers tasks involve higher cognitive complexity than theSimon task. In all three tasks it is analyzed whether the SCE varies when thestimuli in consecutive trials are exactly the same (pure replicas) or not. Thedata, collected from three independent samples (total N = 1,159), show the CE inthe three tasks. However, SCE only shows up in the low complexity task (Simontask). The effect is smaller albeit still significant when the pure replicatrials are removed, a result inconsistent with those of Mayr et al. (2003) andHommel (1998) but consistent with the ConflictTheory (Botvinick et al., 2001). Furthermore, the absence of SCE in morecomplex cognitive tasks is inconsistent with the perspective of Botvinick etal. (2004) since greater complexity should be reflected in a greater presenceof cognitive conflict, and therefore a higher SCE.
Functional Complementation of UL 3 . 5-Negative Pseudorabies Virus by the Bovine Herpesvirus 1 UL 3 . 5 Homolog

The UL3.5 gene is positionally conserved but highly variable in size and sequence in different members of the Alphaherpesvirinae and is absent from herpes simplex virus genomes. We have shown previously that the pseudorabies virus (PrV) UL3.5 gene encodes a nonstructural protein which is required for secondary envelopment of intracytoplasmic virus particles in the trans-Golgi region. In the absence of UL3.5 protein, naked nucleocapsids accumulate in the cytoplasm, release of infectious virions is drastically reduced, and plaque formation in cell culture is inhibited (W. Fuchs, B. G. Klupp, H. Granzow, H.-J. Rziha, and T. C. Mettenleiter, J. Virol. 70:3517–3527, 1996). To assay functional complementation by a heterologous herpesviral UL3.5 protein, the UL3.5 gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) was inserted at two different sites within the genome of UL3.5-negative PrV. In cells infected with the PrV recombinants the BHV-1 UL3.5 gene product was identified as a 17-kDa protein which was identical in size to the UL3.5 protein detected in BHV-1-infected cells. Expression of BHV-1 UL3.5 compensated for the lack of PrV UL3.5, resulting in a ca. 1,000-fold increase in virus titer and restoration of plaque formation in cell culture. Also, the intracellular block in viral egress was resolved by the BHV-1 UL3.5 gene. We conclude that the UL3.5 proteins of PrV and BHV-1 are functionally related and are involved in a common step in the egress of alphaherpesviruses.
Morphodynamique littorale haute fréquence par imagerie vidéo

Cette these presente une etude de la dynamique des plages a l'echelle evenementielle (ou "echelle des tempetes"). Meme si cette dynamique est essentielle, elle est restee principalement meconnue jusqu'a ce jour du fait du manque d'outils d'observation adaptes a son etude. Les nouvelles possibilites offertes par l'imagerie video, notamment l'observation a haute frequence, sont tres novatrices. Dans cette these, un outil video est presente qui, a partir de la mesure des caracteristiques hydrodynamiques de surface, permet d'estimer avec precision la topographie littorale sur une large zone (km) et a haute frequence (jour). Ce travail montre que les differentes structures sableuses littorales interagissent et qu'elles ne peuvent pas etre etudiees de maniere isolee. La dynamique des structures sableuses peut etre fortement non-uniforme dans la direction parallele a la plage, meme en conditions de fortes vagues. De plus, la dynamique est cruciale car elle contribue aux transferts de sediment entre le large et la plage. Dans un systeme a deux barres, plus que la hauteur des vagues, c'est le marnage qui influence majoritairement la dynamique de la barre intertidale en conditions de tempete. Nos resultats suggerent qu'une grande part de la variabilite temporelle de la plage se situe a cette echelle court terme.
The dynamic genome and mental health : the role of genes and environments in youth development

PART I: OVERVIEWS OF RESEARCH ON GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERPLAY KENNETH S. KENDLER RUDOLF UHER MICHAEL J. SHANAHAN AND SHAWN BAULDRY SARA JAFFEE WILLIAM T. DICKENS, ERIC TURKHEIMER, AND CHRISTOPHER BEAM BRIANA HORWITZ, KRISTINE MARCEAU, AND JENAE M. NEIDERHISER JONATHAN MILL M. MARIA GLYMOUR, WIM VELLING, AND EZRA SUSSER STEVE W. COLE PART II: DYNAMICS OF GENES AND ENVIRONMENTS IN BEHAVIORAL AND MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS: ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION THALIA C. ELEY BJ CASEY, ERIKA RUBERRY, AND VICTORIA LIBBY FRANCHESKA PEREPLETCHIKOVA AND JOAN KAUFMAN SUBSTANCE USE AND OTHER EXTERNALIZING BEHAVIORS JANET AUDRAIN-MCGOVERN AND KENNETH P. TERCYAK DANIELLE M. DICK BRIAN M. D'ONOFRIO, PAUL J. RATHOUZ, AND BENJAMIN B. LAHEY KENNETH S. KENDLER SCHIZOPHRENIA AND STRESS ELAINE F. WALKER, HANAN D. TROTMAN, JOY BRASFIELD, MICHELLE ESTERBERG, AND MOLLY LARSEN VALERIA MONDELLI, MARTA DI FORTI, CARMINE M. PARIANTE, AND ROBIN M. MURRAY PART III: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE KENNETH S. KENDLER, SARA JAFFEE, AND DANIEL ROMER
Body composition in sport, exercise and health

Chapter 1. The Concept of Body Composition and its Applications - Arthur Stewart Chapter 2. Laboratory Methods of Body Composition Analysis - Catherine Rolland Chapter 3. Portable Methods of Body Composition Analysis - Catherine Rolland and Yvonne Mulholland Chapter 4. Physique: Phenotype, Somatotype and 3D Scanning - Lindsay Carter and Arthur Stewart Chapter 5. Muscle Tissue - Laura Sutton Chapter 6. Bone Tissue - Laura Sutton Chapter 7. Anthropometric Surrogates for Fatness and Health - Mike Marfell-Jones, Alan Nevill and Arthur Stewart Chapter 8. Body Composition Change - Patria Hume and Arthur Stewart Chapter 9. Body Composition in Chronic Disease and Disability - Vicky L. Goosey-Tolfrey and Laura Sutton Chapter 10. Body Composition: Professional Practice and an Interdisciplinary Toolkit - Laura Sutton and Arthur Stewart
Investigating the Potential of Pseudo Quadrature Mirror Filter-Banks in Music Source Separation Tasks

Estimating audio and musical signals from single channel mixtures often, if not always, involves a transformation of the mixture signal to the time-frequency (T-F) domain in which a masking operation takes place. Masking is realized as an element-wise multiplication of the mixture signal's T-F representation with a ratio of computed sources' spectrogram. Studies have shown that the performance of the overall source estimation scheme is subject to the sparsity and disjointness properties of a given T-F representation. In this work we investigate the potential of an optimized pseudo quadrature mirror filter-bank (PQMF), as a T-F representation for music source separation tasks. Experimental results, suggest that the PQMF maintains the aforementioned desirable properties and can be regarded as an alternative for representing mixtures of musical signals.
Impact of tree species diversity on water and carbon relations in European forests

La biodiversite favorise un grand nombre de fonctions et services ecosystemiques des ecosystemes forestiers tels que la production de bois ou la resistance aux attaques d’insectes et aux maladies. Cependant l’impact de la diversite sur l’acquisition et l’utilisation de l’eau et du carbone reste largement meconnu dans ces ecosystemes. De plus, dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique, l’influence de la diversite sur la reponse des ecosystemes forestiers a des evenements climatiques extremes tels que la secheresse reste a etudier. L’objectif de ce travail est donc de determiner l’impact de la diversite en especes d’arbre sur d’importantes fonctions du cycle de l’eau et du carbone telles que la transpiration, la composition isotopique du carbone ou la profondeur d’extraction de l’eau a l’echelle de l’arbre et de l’ecosysteme sous des conditions contrastees dedisponibilite en eau du sol. Ce travail a ete realise dans le cadre du projet FunDivEUROPE sur un reseau de parcelles forestieres ainsi que dans des plantations experimentales le long d’un gradient Nord-Sud en Europe afin de couvrir une importante gamme de conditions climatiques. Nos travaux ont montre une importante variabilite de la reponse a la diversite a l’echelle de l’arbre et de l’ecosysteme en termes de relations hydriques et carbonees a travers l’Europe. La diversite en especes ne semble pas influencer les relations hydriques et carbonees des especes et des ecosystemes forestiers dans des conditions non limitantes de disponibilite en eau. Cependant, un fort effet de la diversite a ete observe en conditions de secheresse pour certains types forestiers. A partir de ces resultats, je discute des mecanismes d’interaction entre especes qui peuvent expliquer les effets observes. Nos donnees ont montre que l’influence de la diversite en especes est fortement dependante du contexte et peut etremodifiee par les conditions environnementales locales et les conditions climatiques. En terme de gestion forestiere, je suggere que pour certaines regions en Europe, promouvoir la diversite en especes ainsi que controler la densite des parcelles doit etre recommande afin d’adapter les ecosystemes forestiers aux futures conditions climatiques
An analysis of hepatic retransplantation in children.

BACKGROUND The limited supply of organ donors has led some groups to reconsider the role of retransplantation. Historically, except for children with malignancies, extrahepatic sources of sepsis, or severe irreversible neurologic injuries, our institution has offered all children with failing liver grafts the option of retransplantation regardless of their current severity of illness. The purpose of this study was to examine the outcome of hepatic retransplantation in children in an attempt to identify factors predictive of outcome and to assess the results of our approach to retransplantation. METHODS Between October 1984 and December 1995, 314 children less than 15 years of age underwent a total of 441 liver transplants. Data were obtained retrospectively by review of hospital records. RESULTS With a mean follow-up period of 5.3+/-2.7 years, the overall patient survival rates at 1 and 5 years were 77.1% and 67.1%, respectively. Primary allograft survival rates were 65.6% and 56.5%, respectively. Of the 137 patients who developed failure of their primary allograft, 92 underwent retransplantation (29.3% of all primary transplants). Both patient and allograft survival rates were significantly decreased after retransplantation (P<0.0001 versus primary transplants). Univariate and multivariate analysis of retransplanted patients revealed only two factors that were statistically related to patient and graft survival: age at the time of retransplantation (P<0.02 univariate and P<0.05 multivariate) and retransplantation with a reduced-size allograft (P<0.005 univariate and P<0.05 multivariate). In this series, the effect on patient survival of differences in medical condition as reflected by United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) status approached, but did not achieve, significance (P=0.08 for UNOS 1 versus UNOS 2 and 3). UNOS status did not affect graft survival. Neither the cause of primary allograft loss or the timing of retransplantation relative to the first transplant were related to outcome. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that the failure of primary hepatic allografts remains a major problem in pediatric liver transplantation and that the overall results of retransplantation were significantly worse than those associated with primary transplants. We have identified a group of children who experienced a significantly worse outcome after retransplantation. This group consisted of children less than 3 years of age retransplanted using reduced-size grafts. Based on this finding, we now attempt to avoid retransplanting young children with reduced-size grafts. By using this approach, we hope to be able to offer children the option of retransplantation with improved results and simultaneously minimize the negative impact on patients awaiting primary transplants.
Chain reactions linking acorns to gypsy moth outbreaks and Lyme disease risk.

In eastern U.S. oak forests, defoliation by gypsy moths and the risk of Lyme disease are determined by interactions among acorns, white-footed mice, moths, deer, and ticks. Experimental removal of mice, which eat moth pupae, demonstrated that moth outbreaks are caused by reductions in mouse density that occur when there are no acorns. Experimental acorn addition increased mouse density. Acorn addition also increased densities of black-legged ticks, evidently by attracting deer, which are key tick hosts. Mice are primarily responsible for infecting ticks with the Lyme disease agent. The results have important implications for predicting and managing forest health and human health.
‘One Man Can’: shifts in fatherhood beliefs and parenting practices following a gender-transformative programme in Eastern Cape, South Africa

‘One Man Can’ (OMC) is a rights-based gender equality and health programme implemented by Sonke Gender Justice in South Africa. It has been featured as an example of best practice by the World Health Organization, UNAIDS, and the UN Population Fund, and translated into nearly a dozen languages and implemented all across Africa. South Africa has strong gender and HIV-related policies, but the highest documented level of men's violence against women in the world, and the largest number of people living with HIV. In this context, OMC seeks to improve men's relationships with their partners, children, and families, reduce the spread and impact of HIV and AIDS, and reduce violence against women, men, and children. To understand whether and how OMC workshops brought about changes in men's attitudes and practices related to parenting, an academic–non-government organisation partnership was carried out with the University of California at San Francisco, the University of Cape Town, and Sonke. The workshops appear to have contributed powerfully to improved parenting and more involved and responsible fathering. This article shares our findings in more detail and discusses the promises and challenges of gender-transformative work with men, underscoring the implications of this work for the health and well-being of women, children, and men.
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate-Enhanced Marrow Stimulation of Chondral Defects

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow play a critical role in osteochondral repair. A bone marrow clot forms within the cartilage defect either as a result of marrow stimulation or during the course of the spontaneous repair of osteochondral defects. Mobilized pluripotent MSCs from the subchondral bone migrate into the defect filled with the clot, differentiate into chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and form a repair tissue over time. The additional application of a bone marrow aspirate (BMA) to the procedure of marrow stimulation is thought to enhance cartilage repair as it may provide both an additional cell population capable of chondrogenesis and a source of growth factors stimulating cartilage repair. Moreover, the BMA clot provides a three-dimensional environment, possibly further supporting chondrogenesis and protecting the subchondral bone from structural alterations. The purpose of this review is to bridge the gap in our understanding between the basic science knowledge on MSCs and BMA and the clinical and technical aspects of marrow stimulation-based cartilage repair by examining available data on the role and mechanisms of MSCs and BMA in osteochondral repair. Implications of findings from both translational and clinical studies using BMA concentrate-enhanced marrow stimulation are discussed.
Generating Image Descriptions using Multilingual Data

In this paper we explore several neural network architectures for the WMT 2017 multimodal translation sub-task on multilingual image caption generation. The goal of the task is to generate image cap-tions in German, using a training corpus of images with captions in both English and German. We explore several models which attempt to generate captions for both languages, ignoring the English output during evaluation. We compare the re-sults to a baseline implementation which uses only the German captions for training and show signiﬁcant improvement.
Urinary PGE-M Levels Are Associated with Risk of Colorectal Adenomas and Chemopreventive Response to Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) promotes colorectal carcinogenesis. Overall, systemic PGE2 production can be assessed by measuring its major metabolite, PGE-M, in urine. We examined the potential role of PGE-M as a biomarker for colorectal adenoma risk and chemopreventive response to anti-inflammatory drugs. We conducted a prospective case–control study nested within the Nurses' Health Study. Among women who previously provided a urine sample, we identified 420 cases diagnosed with colorectal adenoma during follow-up and matched them to 420 endoscopy-negative controls. We measured urinary PGE-M using an LC/MS assay. Compared with women in the lowest quartile of urinary PGE-M, women in the highest quartile had a multivariate OR of 1.40 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.92–2.14) for any adenoma; 0.91 (95% CI, 0.48–1.72) for low-risk adenoma (solitary adenoma <1 cm in greatest diameter with tubular/unspecified histology); and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.04–2.67) for high-risk adenoma (adenoma ≥1 cm in greatest diameter and/or tubulovillous, villous or high-grade dysplasia histology or multiple adenomas of any size or histology). Regular use of anti-inflammatory drugs (≥2 standard tablets of aspirin/NSAIDs per week) was associated with a significant reduction in adenoma risk (multivariate OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43–0.87) in women with high baseline PGE-M (quartiles 2–4), but not low PGE-M (quartile 1). Urinary PGE-M is associated with an increased risk of high-risk adenoma. Anti-inflammatory drugs seem to reduce adenoma risk among women with high, but not low PGE-M. Urinary PGE-M may serve as a biomarker to define subsets of the population who may obtain differential chemopreventive benefit from anti-inflammatory drugs. Cancer Prev Res; 7(7); 758–65. ©2014 AACR.