Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Milk Fat Globule Membrane Supplementation Promotes Neonatal Growth and Alleviates Inflammation in Low-Birth-Weight Mice Treated with Lipopolysaccharide

Impaired intestinal mucosal integrity and immunity are frequently observed in low-birth-weight (LBW) animals, which lead to inadequate growth and high neonatal mortality. However, the mechanisms of intestinal dysfunction in LBW animals are still unclear. Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), a protein-lipid complex surrounding the fat globules in milk, has many healthful benefits for animals. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the effect of MFGM supplementation on intestinal injury and inflammation in LBW mouse pups while being challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6J LBW female neonatal mice were fed on breast milk and divided into four groups, including two normal diet groups (ND; CON group and LPS group) and the diet supplemented with two dosages of MFGM, namely, MFGM100 (ND plus MFGM at 100 mg/kg BW) and MFGM200 (ND plus MFGM at 200 mg/kg BW) from postnatal day (PND) 4 to PND 21. At PND21, pups from the LPS group, MFGM100 group, and MFGM200 group were injected intraperitoneally with LPS while the pups from the CON group were injected with equivalent volume of sterile saline. After 4 h of LPS administration, all pups were slaughtered and then the plasma, mid-ileum, and mid-colon tissue samples were collected. Our results showed that MFGM supplementation promoted the body weight from PND16 to PND21 and attenuated intestinal inflammation manifested by reduced histological damage, decreased secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-1β, and improved oxidative stress characterized by increased SOD activity and decreased secretion of MDA. Expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1), MUC1, and MUC2 was increased in MFGM presupplemented groups compared to the LPS-challenged mice with normal diet. Meanwhile, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and TLRs was decreased by MFGM presupplementation. Collectively, MFGM is a critical nutrient with an ability to improve the growth performance of LBW mouse pups, especially during the LPS challenge, by promoting the intestinal epithelial integrity and inhibiting inflammation through activating of TLR2 and TLR4 signals.
Degree of bilingualism modifies executive control in Hispanic children in the USA

ABSTRACT Past studies examining the cognitive function of bilingual school-aged children have pointed to enhancements in areas of executive control relative to age-matched monolingual children. The majority of these studies has tested children from a middle-class background and compared performance of bilinguals as a discrete group against monolinguals. The objective of the present study was to determine if cognitive enhancement from bilingualism is sensitive to the child's degree of bilingualism in a sample of eight- and nine-year old Spanish–English bilingual children of low socioeconomic status. The results showed that the more balanced the children were in their language skills, the better they performed on non-verbal tasks of cognitive function. These results support an additive view of bilingualism, where more balanced proficiency in two languages is associated with more enhanced cognitive function, regardless of socioeconomic background.
Bullying Victimization Among Chinese Middle School Students: The Role of Family Violence

This study used the data from a representative sample to investigate the association between family violence (FV) and child bullying victimization (BV) in Xi’an city, China. Data on social demographic information and the prevalence of BV and FV were collected from a randomly selected sample with 3,175 middle school students aged 15 to 17 by self-administrated questionnaires. Results show that 55.9% and 30.3% of the participants have witnessed intimate partner violence (IPV), 37.7% and 30.8% have been victims of child abuse, and 54.9% and 44.6% have been bullied in a lifetime and in the preceding year, respectively. The lifetime and preceding-year co-occurrence rate of FV and BV are 45% and 30.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regressions confirm FV as a unique risk factor in predicting both direct and relational BV after controlling for a number of confounding factors. This study suggests that FV experiences should be included in the screening and assessment of risk for child BV.
Numerical Simulation of Pitching Sloshing under Microgravity

In this paper, the fluid characteristics of pitching sloshing under microgravity condition are investigated. A numerical method by solving the Navier-Stokes equations to study three-dimensional (3-D) nonlinear liquid sloshing is developed with OpenFOAM, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool. The computational method is validated against existing experimental data in rectangular tank under ordinary gravitational field. However under low gravity conditions, the sloshing liquid shows seemingly chaotic behavior and a considerable volume of liquid attaches on the sidewall due to the effect of surface tension, which is verified in simulation experiment. Besides, the nonlinear liquid behaviors in hemi-spherically bottom tank are firstly studied in this paper. It is found that the wave evolution becomes divergent with the decrease of gravitational acceleration. The natural frequency reaches a constant magnitude quickly with the increase of liquid height and then increases again until the filling level exceeds 70%. Meanwhile, the liquid dynamics of forced pitching sloshing under resonant and off-resonant condition are demonstrated respectively. The numerical techniques for 3-D simulation are hopeful to provide valuable guidance for efficient liquid management in space.
JDCFC: A Japanese Dialogue Corpus with Feature Changes

In recent years, the importance of dialogue understanding systems has been increasing. However, it is difﬁcult for computers to deeply understand our daily conversations because we frequently use emotional expressions in conversations. This is partially because there are no large-scale corpora focusing on the detailed relationships between emotions and utterances. In this paper, we propose a dialogue corpus constructed based on our knowledge base, called the Japanese Feature Change Knowledge Base (JFCKB). In JFCKB and the proposed corpus, the feature changes (mainly emotions) of arguments in event sentences (or utterances) and those of the event sentence recognizers (or utterance recognizers) are associated with the event sentences (or utterances). The feature change information of arguments in utterances and those of the utterance recognizers, replies to the utterances, and the reasonableness of the replies were gathered through crowdsourcing tasks. We conducted an experiment to investigate whether a machine learning method can recognize the reasonableness of a given conversation. Experimental result suggested the usefulness of our proposed corpus.
Feasibility and effects of a home-based intervention using activity trackers on achievement of individual goals, quality of life and motor performance in patients with paediatric cancer

Objectives Supervised exercise interventions during inpatient care are feasible. The objective was to evaluate the usability of activity trackers and centralised monitoring to conduct a home-based exercise intervention during cancer treatment. The primary endpoint and confirmatory analysis was achievement of individual goals for daily steps, compared (A) in the intervention group (IG) over time and (B) between the IG and control group (CG). Secondary endpoints included achievement of goals for active minutes and effects on motor performance and health-related quality of life (hrQoL). Methods Forty patients treated for paediatric cancer (14.7±3.9 years) were included. The IG received a 6–8 week intervention during acute treatment (T1) and a 2-week intervention in transition to aftercare (T2). The CG only received the intervention at T2. Baseline tests to assess motor performance and physical activity were conducted prior to every intervention. Results In the primary confirmatory analysis, the IG significantly improved achievement of individual step goals (p=0.04) whereas group analyses did not reveal significant differences. Achievement of active minutes remained low (p=0.23). IG scored higher in hrQoL than CG (p<0.01) and percentage of children scoring below normative value in strength tests was higher in CG. Of all participants, 94% rated the intervention as meaningful and 80% as motivational. Conclusions Results of this study indicate that this intervention for home stays with centralised supervision is feasible and leads to increased achievement of individual step goals. Despite the positive effects on hrQoL, further strategies are needed to increase positive effects on motor performance.
IUPAC PHYSICAL PROPERrIES OF POLYMERS BASED ON ITACONIC ACID

Mono and diesters of itaconic acid have been pi'epared using linear , branched or cyclic alkane structures . These have been homo and copolymerized to produce a wide range of polymers with differing properties. These range from polyacids to polydiesters to ionomeric structures. Their physical behaviour has been examined and is reviewed herein. INTRODUCTION Many of the monomers used in today's polymer industry are derived from oil, and attractive alternatives are ncw being sought which are obtained from a readily renewable source. One such monomer is itaconic acid (I), a dicarbolic acid, with an external methylene group, which is structurally similar to acrylic and methacrylic acids.
The Brief Peer Conflict Scale: Psychometric Properties Among a Sample of Incarcerated Male Juvenile Offenders

Aggression can be considered a multidimensional construct that influences various forms of antisocial behavior, including juvenile delinquency and conduct problems. The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Brief Peer Conflict Scale–20 item version (PCS-20) among a Portuguese forensic sample (N = 192) of incarcerated male juvenile offenders (M = 16.62 years; SD = 1.52 years; age range = 13-18 years). The PCS-20 demonstrated good psychometric properties in terms of its four-factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity that generally justify its use among incarcerated male youth. The findings provide additional support for the extension of the PCS-20 across different cultures, ethnic groups, and samples.
Wide Inference Network for Image Denoising

We explore an innovative strategy for image denoising by using convolutional neural networks (CNN) to learn similar pixel-distribution features from noisy images. Many types of image noise follow a certain pixel-distribution in common, such as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). By increasing CNN's width with larger reception fields and more channels in each layer, CNNs can reveal the ability to extract more accurate pixel-distribution features. The key to our approach is a discovery that wider CNNs with more convolutions tend to learn the similar pixel-distribution features, which reveals a new strategy to solve low-level vision problems effectively that the inference mapping primarily relies on the priors behind the noise property instead of deeper CNNs with more stacked nonlinear layers. We evaluate our work, Wide inference Networks (WIN), on AWGN and demonstrate that by learning pixel-distribution features from images, WIN-based network consistently achieves significantly better performance than current state-of-the-art deep CNN-based methods in both quantitative and visual evaluations. \textit{Code and models are available at \url{this https URL}}.
Anticancer Activity of Euplotin C, Isolated from the Marine Ciliate Euplotes crassus, Against Human Melanoma Cells

Cutaneous melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer, so new cytotoxic weapons against novel targets in melanoma are of great interest. Euplotin C (EC), a cytotoxic secondary metabolite of the marine ciliate Euplotes crassus, was evaluated in the present study on human cutaneous melanoma cells to explore its anti-melanoma activity and to gain more insight into its mechanism of action. EC exerted a marked cytotoxic effect against three different human melanoma cell lines (A375, 501Mel and MeWo) with a potency about 30-fold higher than that observed in non-cancer cells (HDFa cells). A pro-apoptotic activity and a decrease in melanoma cell migration by EC were also observed. At the molecular level, the inhibition of the Erk and Akt pathways, which control many aspects of melanoma aggressiveness, was shown. EC cytotoxicity was antagonized by dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor (RyR) antagonist, in a concentration-dependent manner. A role of RyR as a direct target of EC was also suggested by molecular modelling studies. In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence of the anti-melanoma activity of EC, suggesting it may be a promising new scaffold for the development of selective activators of RyR to be used for the treatment of melanoma and other cancer types.
Classifying The Standards Via Revised Bloom's Taxonomy: A Comparison of Pre-Service and In- Service Teachers

The aim of this study is (a) to investigate the usefulness of Bloom's revised taxonomy (RBT) for classification of standards, (b) to examine the differences and similarities between preservice teachers' and in-service teachers' classification of the same standards and (c) to determine which standards are vague and broad. The 45 standards, in the Turkish 10 Grade Physics Syllabus, were categorized by the 16 participants, who were divided into two groups. The first group included eight pre-service physics and the second group included eight in-service physics teachers, in Turkey. Firstly, each participant classified the standards using RBT individually, then, they classified the standards with their group. We compared their all classification of standards. The usefulness of Revised Bloom Taxonomy for classification of standards, the differences between individually classification and the groups' and, differences between the pre-service and inservice teachers groups' classifications, (c) the standards which are broad and vague were
The problem of induced abortion in Latin America

In the majority of Latin American countries, induced abortion still constitutes the most widely used method or practice to avoid live births. Even though the limitations of the available data are recognized, objective evidence that the problem does exist in significant magnitude may be found everywhere. The fertility level in Latin America is highly determined by the influence of the incidence of induced abortion. The differences in the incidence and prevalence of induced abortion that may be observed among these countries is only a general orientation for the epidemiological study of the problem. More significant and important are the differences within groups in each country. The cultural patterns predominating, the cultural level, and the economic conditions are factors that in each social stratum determine the frequency of abortion. The abortion level reached in each country is the result of the proportion in which these different groups or strata are combined. During the last quinquennium there has been a realization of the importance and graveness of the problem of abortion in all the population strata. The reticent attitude prevailing until the beginning of the present decade has been abandoned to give way to broad and open discussion. In the objectives of all programs related to fertility, the struggle against induced abortion is always mentioned, sometimes to the extent of being pointed out as the central objective. The recognition of the central problem has been, among other reasons, the explanation of why medical care and public health have taken an interest in this matter. The incontrovertible character of the struggle against abortion has made it possible that more
Perceived Organizational Culture and Perceived Organizational Support on Work Engagement

The study examines the effectiveness of perceived organizational support, perceived organizational culture on work engagement among academic staff universities. The study adopts quantitative technique and utilized the use of questionnaire in collecting data from respondents. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The regression results indicate that all independent variables which are perceived organizational culture, perceived organizational support are positively correlated with the dependent variable which is work engagement. Finally, the study offers recommendation and conclusion.
Root hair-specific expansins modulate root hair elongation in rice.

Root hair growth requires intensive cell-wall modification. This study demonstrates that root hair-specific expansin As, a sub-clade of the cell wall-loosening expansin proteins, are required for root hair elongation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). We identified a gene encoding EXPA17 (OsEXPA17) from a rice mutant with short root hairs. Promoter::reporter transgenic lines exhibited exclusive OsEXPA17 expression in root hair cells. The OsEXPA17 mutant protein (OsexpA17) contained a point mutation, causing a change in the amino acid sequence (Gly104→Arg). This amino acid alteration is predicted to disrupt a highly conserved disulfide bond in the mutant. Suppression of OsEXPA17 by RNA interference further confirmed requirement for the gene in root hair elongation. Complementation of the OsEXPA17 mutant with other root hair EXPAs (OsEXPA30 and Arabidopsis EXPA7) can restore root hair elongation, indicating functional conservation of these root hair EXPAs in monocots and dicots. These results demonstrate that members of the root hair EXPA sub-clade play a crucial role in root hair cell elongation in Graminaceae.
Close Relationships Matter: Family Well-being and its Effects on Health in Russia*

Abstract Dramatic fluctuations have occurred in population health in Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Although many factors have been examined in connection with this, there has been little focus on the role of the family, despite evidence from Western studies linking family functioning to individual health. Using data from 1,190 respondents collected during the Moscow Health Survey 2004 we examined the association between family relations and health outcomes. Poorer family functioning was strongly associated with worse self-rated physical health and mental health. Our results suggest that the proximal social environment of the family is important for understanding health outcomes in contemporary Russia.
Reducing language to rhythm: Amazonian Bora drummed language exploits speech rhythm for long-distance communication

Many drum communication systems around the world transmit information by emulating tonal and rhythmic patterns of spoken languages in sequences of drumbeats. Their rhythmic characteristics, in particular, have not been systematically studied so far, although understanding them represents a rare occasion for providing an original insight into the basic units of speech rhythm as selected by natural speech practices directly based on beats. Here, we analyse a corpus of Bora drum communication from the northwest Amazon, which is nowadays endangered with extinction. We show that four rhythmic units are encoded in the length of pauses between beats. We argue that these units correspond to vowel-to-vowel intervals with different numbers of consonants and vowel lengths. By contrast, aligning beats with syllables, mora or only vowel length yields inconsistent results. Moreover, we also show that Bora drummed messages conventionally select rhythmically distinct markers to further distinguish words. The two phonological tones represented in drummed speech encode only few lexical contrasts. Rhythm thus appears to crucially contribute to the intelligibility of drummed Bora. Our study provides novel evidence for the role of rhythmic structures composed of vowel-to-vowel intervals in the complex puzzle concerning the redundancy and distinctiveness of acoustic features embedded in speech.
The Essential Guide to Realizing 5G-Connected UAVs with Massive MIMO

What will it take for drones, and the whole associated ecosystem, to take off? Arguably, infallible C&C channels for safe and autonomous flying, and high-throughput links for multi-purpose live video streaming. And indeed, meeting these aspirations may entail full cellular support, provided through 5G-and-beyond hardware and software upgrades by both mobile operators and manufacturers of these UAVs. In this article, we vouch for massive MIMO as the key building block to realize 5G-connected UAVs. Through the sheer evidence of 3GPP-compliant simulations, we demonstrate how massive MIMO can be enhanced by complementary network-based and UAV-based solutions, resulting in consistent UAV C&C support, large UAV uplink data rates, and harmonious coexistence with legacy ground users.
The right profile: economic drivers and the outlook

Headline news can give false impressions of what motivates monetary policymakers. While international developments and financial market volatility are closely monitored, what matters for policy is how those things affect jobs and inflation. The U.S. economy has had strong job growth, and inflation is low but on course to reach target. The best course remains a gradual pace of policy rate increases. The following is adapted from a presentation by the president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco to Town Hall Los Angeles on February 18.
Face Recognition and Drunk Classification Using Infrared Face Images

The aim of this study is to propose a system that is capable of recognising the identity of a person, indicating whether the person is drunk using only information extracted from thermal face images. The proposed system is divided into two stages, face recognition and classification. In the face recognition stage, test images are recognised using robust face recognition algorithms: Weber local descriptor (WLD) and local binary pattern (LBP). The classification stage uses Fisher linear discriminant to reduce the dimensionality of the features, and those features are classified using a classifier based on a Gaussian mixture model, creating a classification space for each person, extending the state-of-the-art concept of a “DrunkSpace Classifier. ” The system was validated using a new drunk person database, which was specially designed for this work. The main results show that the performance of the face recognition stage was 100% with both algorithms, while the drunk identification saw a performance of 86.96%, which is a very promising result considering 46 individuals for our database in comparison with others that can be found in the literature.