Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Age-Dependent Brain Tissue Hydration, Ca Exchange and their Dose- Dependent Ouabain Sensitivity

Tissue hydration, dose-dependent 3H-ouabain binding, 45Ca2+ exchange in rati? ½s brain cortex, subcortex and cerebellum were studied in three age groups. Age-dependent tissue dehydration in all three zones of brain was due to inhibition of Na+/K+ pump. The age-dependence of cell hydration in cortex was more expressed. The curve of dose-dependent ouabain binding consists of three components corresponding to Na+/K+ pump isoforms (α1, α2, α3). Age-dependency of these isoforms was more expressed in cortex than in subcortex and cerebellum. High affinity receptors were depressed in old ratsi? ½ brain tissues. Initial 45Ca2+ uptake in three brain zones of old rats was depressed as compared to that of young animals. Ouabain at 10-9 M has activation effect on 45Ca2+ uptake, which was also age dependent. Initial 45Ca2+ efflux in cortex and subcortex tissue in old rats was significantly depressed as compared to young ones while in cerebellum the opposite age-dependence was observed. The curves of dose-dependent ouabain effect on 45Ca2+ efflux and cell hydration consist of 6 components. However, close correlation between kinetics of 45Ca2+ efflux and cell hydration was not observed. It is suggested that brain tissue dehydration in aged animals is a consequence of Na+/K+ pump dysfunction induced intracellular calcium elevation. It is suggested that α3 receptors are functionally connected with intracellular Ca2+ buffering systems through intracellular signaling systems and their dysfunction in aged brain is a consequence of [Ca2+]i increase. Obtained data allow us to conclude that endogen nanomolar ouabain-like species circulating in mammalsi? ½ blood removing Ca2+ from cells could have a beneficial effect on brain of old animals.
Comparison of Different Tolerance Indices and PCA Biplot Analysis for Assessment of Salinity Tolerance in Lentil (Lens culinaris) Genotypes

Lentil is very important legume crop and affected by salinity stress. This study was planned to sort out the lentil germplasm for salinity tolerance. Four different salinity treatments were used (S0mM, S50mM, S100mM, S150mM) in hydroponic culture and root length (RL), shoot length (SL), root weight (RW), shoot weight (SW), total proteins contents (PC), α-amylase (A.A), total soluble sugars (TSS) sodium ions (Na), potassium ions (K) and sodium to potassium ratio (Na/K) were used as criteria for selection. Principle component analysis (PCA) based biplot, rank sum (RS) scores, integrated selection index (ISI) and integrated scoring (IS) were used as statistical analysis for sortation of lentil genotypes for salinity tolerance and to compare the results of different indices with each other and with PCA based biplot. Analysis of variance showed that genotypes, salinity treatments and their interactions for all subjected traits were significantly different from each other. PCA based biplot showed that Na, Na/K, K and TSS under S0mM, RW, SW, RL, SL, K, Na/K and Na under S50mM, SL, SW, RL, RW, Na, K, Na/K under S100mM, TSS, SL, RL, RW, Na, K, Na/K under S150mM were most discriminating parameters for evaluation of lentil genotypes under respective salinity treatment. PCA biplot showed that Masoor 2002, NL20-3-3, NL9775, NARC11-2 and ILL5888 under S0mM; Masoor 2002, NL9775, ILL5888 and ILL6024 under S50mM; Masoor 2002, NL0196, NL20-3-3, NL9775 under S100mM; Masoor 2002, Masoor 2009, NL9775, NL0196, NL0188 and NL20-3-3 under S150mM were tolerant. Masoor 2002, NL 20-3-3, LN 0188, M93 and NL9775 were declared to be salt tolerant by RS, ISI and IS. Results of RS, ISI, IS and PCA Biplot were comparable and equally valid as these declared unanimously Masoor 2002, NL 20-3-3, LN 0188, M93 and NL9775 as salt tolerant at early growth stages. Genotypes NARC 11-4 and Marka 209 were relatively susceptible against salinity. These tolerant and susceptible lentil genotypes could be used as further evaluation against salinity on physiological and biochemical basis. © 2017 Friends Science Publishers
Thinking About Thinking Aloud A comparison of two verbal protocols for usability testing

We report on an exploratory experimental comparison of two different thinking aloud approaches in a usability test that focussed on navigation problems in a highly non-standard website. One approach is a rigid application of Ericsson and Simon's (1993) procedure, the other is derived from a recent proposal by Boren and Ramey (2000), based on speech communication. The latter approach differs from the former in that the experimenter has more room for acknowledging (mm-hmm) contributions from subjects and has the possibility of asking for clarifications and offering encouragement. Comparing the verbal reports obtained with these two methods, we find that the process of thinking aloud while carrying out tasks is not affected by the type of approach that was used. The task performance does differ. More tasks were completed in the Boren & Ramey condition, and subjects were less lost. Nevertheless, subjects' evaluations of the website quality did not differ, nor did the number of different navigation problems that were detected. Index terms Thinking aloud, usability testing, usability research, lostness.
RACE PATTERN OF 60-M HURDLES IN WORLD-CLASS SPRINT HURDLERS: A BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF WORLD INDOOR CHAMPIONSHIPS 2010

Earlier competition reports of sprint hurdle performances show that the world-class hurdle sprinters achieve their maximal race velocity somewhere between the third and sixth hurdle (Bruggemann & Glad, 1990; Bruggemann et al., 1999). No competition analysis has been done for the indoor sprint hurdle performance, where the official distance is 60 meters consisting of five hurdles. It is not known if the hurdle sprinters change their race pattern towards a more aggressive start in the 60-m hurdle race. The purpose of the present study, therefore, was to examine the race pattern of 60-m hurdles in world-class sprint hurdlers.
Redox status, and lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels in small ruminants

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in several physiological functions are formed during cellular metabolic reactions (Nordberg and Arnér, 2001). When ROS are produced in excessive quantities exceeding the body antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress (OS) occurs. The presence of OS may lead to the oxidative damage of DNA, lipids and proteins (Lykkesfeldt and Svendsen, 2007). Consequently, the determination of OS indices allows the assessment of real status of physiological defences and the prevention of correlated pathologies. Although advanced methodologies for OS parameter evaluation are reported (Czauderna et al., 2011; Konieczka et al., 2014), in the clinical examination, in which biological samples are usually represented by plasma or serum, the applied methodologies should allow for a rapid and not expensive data collection. Therefore, in the present study the redox potential and biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in blood serum of two breeds of dairy small ABSTRACT. Redox status, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative damage in blood samples of healthy goats and sheep were evaluated to show any possible correlation with daily milk yield or milk components, and between oxidant parameters and biomarkers of protein and lipid damage. Blood and milk samples were collected from fifty Maltese goats and forty Valle del Belice sheep. Redox status was assessed analysing the total oxidant status (TOS), the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), together with the nitric oxide radical (NO•) metabolite (NOx) content. Oxidative damage of lipids and proteins was analysed as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), respectively. As for the comparison of the assessed oxidative stress (OS) parameters in the two species, only AOPP appeared significantly different (P < 0.01). While no correlation was observed between daily milk yield or milk components and the assessed OS parameters in both species, several correlations were shown among the assessed OS parameters, with differences appearing between the two species. In particular, TBARS levels were related to TOS in goats (P < 0.001) and to NOx in sheep (P < 0.001). Levels of AOPP were dependent on NOx concentrations in sheep (P < 0.05) but they were correlated neither with TOS nor NOx in goats (P > 0.05). So, the observed differences between two examined species seem to suggest that OS parameters are species-specific and a panel of different measurements based on various analytical methods should be considered to dutifully evaluate the OS. Received: 13 October 2017 Revised: 26 January 2018 Accepted: 19 February 2018
Global Modeling of the Oceanic Source of Organic Aerosols

The global marine organic aerosol budget is investigated by a 3-dimensional chemistry-transport model considering recently proposed parameterisations of the primary marine organic aerosol (POA) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from the oxidation of marine volatile organic compounds. MODIS and SeaWiFS satellite data of Chlorophyll-a and ECMWF solar incoming radiation, wind speed, and temperature are driving the oceanic emissions in the model. Based on the adopted parameterisations, the SOA and the submicron POA marine sources are evaluated at about 5 Tg (1.5 Tg C ) and 7 to 8 Tg (4 Tg C ), respectively. The computed marine SOA originates from the dimethylsulfide oxidation (78%), the potentially formed dialkyl amine salts (21%), and marine hydrocarbon oxidation (0.1%). Comparison of calculations with observations indicates an additional marine source of soluble organic carbon that could be partially encountered by marine POA chemical ageing.
THE INTERACTION OF VANCOMYCIN WITH DNA

Vancomycin is the store antibiotic, used only in the grave infections treatments (endocarditis, septicemias, pneumonias, meningitis) with the resistance pathogens of other antibiotics. The interaction of vancomycin with calf thymus DNA was studied by the absorbance measurements. The vancomycin self-association has been investigated in terms of Tipping and Schwarz methods. The binding of vancomycin to DNA has been investigated in terms of BenesiHildebrand, Scott and Scatchard methods, supposing a 1:1 binding ratio and do not account explicitly for either the dimerization of the drug or cooperativity effects on the binding.
Pre-dispersal seed loss in two Prosopis species ( Fabacea : Mimosoidea ) from the Monte Desert , Argentina

A�������. Pre-dispersal filters imposed on the seed stage can alter the likelihood of seed dispersal. We evaluate pre-dispersal seed loss due to predation by insects and abortion in Prosopis flexuosa and P. chilensis. This study was conducted in two protected areas in the Monte Desert. We collected P. flexuosa and P. chilensis fruits from different trees, from two plots and two years. Samples were maintained for 50 days in translucent PVC bo�les stored in a laboratory under stable temperature (25 °C) and natural photoperiod, awaiting the emergence of insects. Then we opened the fruits and individually examined all seeds to determine their condition. We found that total pre-dispersal seed loss was 32% in P. flexuosa and 21% in P. chilensis. Seed predation by insects was the major source of pre-dispersal seed loss (19% in P. flexuosa and 14% in P. chilensis). The main seed predator was the apionid weevil (Brentidae: Apioninae) in P. flexuosa, and bruchid beetles (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in P. chilensis. Some bruchid beetles prey upon seeds, completing their life cycle, whereas others remain inside seeds (41% in P. flexuosa and 49% in P. chilensis, of total seed damaged by bruchid beetles). Seed abortion was another important source of seed loss, especially for P. flexuosa, but its cause still remains unknown. We show and discuss the extent of a proposed methodology to account for pre-dispersal seed predation that includes the immature stages of non-emergent bruchid. Pre-dispersal seed loss by insects and abortion represent an ecological filter that limits the amount of seeds available for dispersal and establishment of these species. Understanding seed loss process may contribute to know and predict Prosopis population dynamics, revealing the natural regeneration mechanisms to forest recovery.
Second Growth: Community Economic Development in Rural British Columbia

Community Economic Development (CED) is a development approach that assumes a community's problems are best understood and solved endogenously. For decades it garnered no interest from policymakers as a mainstream development approach. However, that changed during the 1980s. Amidst the growing perception that conventional regional development policies and programs were ineffective, both federal and provincial levels of government in Canada began looking for alternative development approaches ones that were more inclusive and capable of integrating both economic and social objectives.
Evaluation of e-Health by PSM (Propensity Score Matching) Method

The authors have been conducting successive estimations on the effect of e-Health on medical expenditures and outpatient treatment days for chronic diseases using survey data from Nishi-aizu Town, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. The reason why this town was chosen is that it has been implementing e- Health more than 15 years and is one of the most successful examples. This paper uses several other outcome variables such as medical expenditures and treatment days of outpatient and inpatient, and compares those outcomes among two groups such as 199 treatment (users) of e-Health and 209 control (non-users) selected from residents. In this paper, the propensity score matching (PSM) method, a rigorous analytical method is used to overcome sample selection bias which is contained in data in the process which samples were selected. PSM is a method to choose subjects from two groups with exact similar characteristics except for their use or non-use of e-Health. After eliminating biases, the effect of e-Health on medical expenditures and treatment days was estimated. To obtain robust results, two different matching methods were applied, that is, caliper matching, and Epanechnikov kernel matching. The results demonstrated that the treatment group has lower medical expenditures for chronic diseases than the control group. Using other outcomes enables international comparison of e-Health projects with the same standard. Such comparisons are also presented. Key words-e-Health, propensity score matching; sample
NOTA CIENTÍFICA FIRST RECORD OF Dolops striata ( BRANCHIURA : ARGULIDAE ) ON Arapaima gigas FROM A FISH FARM IN STATE OF PARÁ , BRAZIL

Branchiurans are parasites from the buccal cavity, gills, skin, and fins of various fish species. The Neotropical region has one of the highest diversity of branchiurans. On Arapaima gigas, only four species of branchiurans have been reported. The present study improves the knowledge on host and geographical range of Dolops striata. Fish were collected from a fish farm in the State of Pará, Brazil. All A. gigas were parasitized by Dolops striata, which were collected from the fins and body surface. This is the first record of D. striata in A. gigas. The high prevalence detected warns the possibility of an increase in the number of D. striata infesting A. gigas, which may cause some problems for fish-farmers.
- 9359 ( Volume-4 , Issue-1 ) Ownership Structure Impacting Value Relevance of Accounting Information

he paper aims to indicate the impact of ownership structure traced by domestic and foreign shareholders numbers on the value relevance of earnings and book value individually and in aggregate for Jordanian industrial sector within the period from 1992 to 2002. Using price model, domestic and total shareholders numbers significantly declined the value relevance of both individual and aggregate book value but not that of earnings. Foreign shareholders number shows no impact on the value relevance of both accounting variables. Domestic and total shareholders numbers affected more the value relevance of book value than that of earnings. In their combination, share price responds more to book value than earnings when the impact of ownership structure is included. Our findings might provide financial reporting users with a good comprehension regarding the valuation practices and set prime fundamentals for future research that is interested in testing our hypotheses in more details. Keywords—Share price, Earnings, Book value, Domestic shareholders, Foreign shareholders, Jordan
Quantum Electrodynamics vacuum polarization solver

The self-consistent modeling of vacuum polarization due to virtual electron-positron fluctuations is of relevance for many near term experiments associated with high intensity radiation sources and represents a milestone in describing scenarios of extreme energy density. We present a generalized finite-difference time-domain solver that can incorporate the modifications to Maxwell’s equations due to vacuum polarization. Our multidimensional solver reproduced in one-dimensional configurations the results for which an analytic treatment is possible, yielding vacuum harmonic generation and birefringence. The solver has also been tested for two-dimensional scenarios where finite laser beam spot sizes must be taken into account. We employ this solver to explore different types of laser configurations that can be relevant for future planned experiments aiming to detect quantum vacuum dynamics at ultra-high electromagnetic field intensities.
A geophysical experiment on Newton's inverse-square law

Summary. — A geophysical experiment consisting of the measurement of the gravitational effect produced by a large water mass was performed in order to verify Newton’s law. The use of a superconducting gravimeter, the detailed analysis of the local tidal perturbation, the precise topographic and geological surveys lead to a precision of about 0.1% in the final result. The ratio between the measured and the expected gravitational effect differs from 1 by more than 9 standard deviations. This may be explained by adding to the Newtonian potential a Yukawa repulsive term. The experimental result leads to constraints for the relationship between the relative magnitude (a) of the new term and the range (l) of the interaction. In the region 20 mE lE 500 m, a ranges from 2.6% to 1.3%. PACS 04.80 ‐ Experimental studies of gravity.
Zooplankton abundance in the continental shelf waters of the northeast coast of India

Higher concentrations of zooplankton standing stock and population occurred in the region off Chilka lake and Paradip (19° 10'N-19° 55'N and 85°09'E-86° 50'E) during January and off Visakhapatnam (17°30'N18°28'N and 83°14'E84°29*E) during November and April. The most productive period along the northwestern part of the Bay of Bengal was the northeast monsoon season (October-January) followed by the premonsoon season (February-May). High abundance of copepods, chaetognaths, siphonophores, cladocerans, fish larvae, planktonic molluscs, amphipods, foraminifers and larval polychaetes constituted the northeast monsoon maximum. Very low biomass values were recorded during the southwest monsoon season (June-September). The neretic zone up to 50 m depth was rich in zooplankton population during northeast monsoon and further to a lesser extent up to 100 m during the premonsoon season. However, a steady decline was evident with increasing depth zones. The less saline northern part exhibited remarkable differences in the abundance of the population and standing stock in such a way that 63% of the total was confined to the northern region. Fish eggs were predominant during February-May and larvae in July and January-February. The peak period of the zooplankton population coincided with the maximum landings of the pelagic and demersal fishery resources of the northwestern coast of the Bay of Bengal.
Understanding Spatial Variations in Earthquake Vulnerabilities of Residential Neighborhoods of Mymensingh City, Bangladesh: An AHP-GIS Integrated Index-based Approach

Mymensingh city is highly earthquake vulnerable due to its geological setting, existence of three faults, viz., Dauki Fault, Madhupur Blind Fault and Sylhet-Assam Fault in its close vicinity, and liquefaction susceptible soil type. Recently an attempt has been made to assess earthquake risk of the city by Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme II, of Government of Bangladesh using FEMA developed HAZUS tool which requires usage of enormous resources and expertise. Poorly resourced city planning authorities of developing countries are seldom equipped with such financial and human resources, and as a result, the inclusion of earthquake risk analysis, more specifically, information regarding spatial variations of earthquake risk is very often found missing in their physical planning exercises. This paper aims to assess the spatial variation of earthquake vulnerability of residential neighbourhoods of Mymensingh city, employing an index-based low cost approach which could provide a reasonably accurate result with minimum resource and expertise requirements. Analytical Hierarchy Process and Weighted Linear Combination are combined with a Geographical Information System to prepare a composite index considering 23 different parameters, stemming from geological, structural, socio-economic and systematic dimensions of earthquake vulnerability. The findings of the reseach show that out of 241 residential neighbourhoods of Mymensingh city, 51 are observed to be highly vulnerable, while, 123 and 67 are medium and low vulnerable respectively. Besides, the spatial distribution of earthquake vulnerable neighbouhoods in Mymensingh City, observed in the current study has also been compared with spatial distributions observed in two similar previous studies and observed found to be reasonably close. This justifies the validity of the current low cost approach for wider application in cities of resource starved developing countries.
Exposure of humans to the zoonotic nematode Dirofilaria immitis in Northern Portugal

Abstract Dirofilariosis caused by Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm) is a zoonosis, considered an endemic disease of dogs and cats in several countries of Western Europe, including Portugal. This study assesses the levels of D. immitis exposure in humans from Northern Portugal, to which end, 668 inhabitants of several districts belonging to two different climate areas (Csa: Bragança, Vila Real and Csb: Aveiro, Braga, Porto, Viseu) were tested for anti-D. immitis and anti-Wolbachia surface proteins (WSP) antibodies. The overall prevalence of seropositivity to both anti-D. immitis and WSP antibodies was 6.1%, which demonstrated the risk of infection with D. immitis in humans living in Northern Portugal. This study, carried out in a Western European country, contributes to the characterisation of the risk of infection with D. immitis among human population in this region of the continent. From a One Health point of view, the results of the current work also support the close relationship between dogs and people as a risk factor for human infection