Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Conversion of Bibliographic Records: Koha Experience of Nials Library

One of the prerequisites in library automation is creation of database of in-house collections to enhance the usage of the information resources as well as the image of the library. It is a herculean task geared towards facilitating easy and quick access to the library’s valued collections. There are several methods and tools in the process of library automation. ‘Retrospective conversion’ (RECON) is a promising method which enables a library to accomplish such a tedious task. This paper discusses the retrospective conversion of bibliographic records: KOHA experience of Nigerian Institute of Advanced Library Studies (NIALS) library. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. Total enumeration technique was used to select ten (10) librarians, one (1) ICT staff and two (2) paraprofessionals in the library under study. A self-developed questionnaire with four subscales was used: Methods of Retrospective Conversion, Evaluation of RECON project, Problems of RECON and Solution to the problems. Four research questions were answered and Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The study finds out that NIALS library makes use of In House RECON method and data is keyed in manually. The paper discusses the problems inhibiting the library’s RECON project. In spite of the numerous inhibiting factors such as economic, cultural and social barriers, the library made tremendous progress in the migration of bibliographic records to the electronic environment. It recommends that NIALS library will fare better when adequate computer systems are made available, as well as dedicated internet bandwidth among others.
Influence of organic matter incorporation on the methane emission from a wetland rice field

Methane (CH4) emission from Philippine rice paddies was monitored with a closed chamber technique during the 1992 dry and wet season. CH4 emissions were significantly higher in the dry season. Application of green manure stimulated CH4 emissions. In plots that received more than 11 t ha−1 of fresh green manure, CH4 emission was highest during the first half of the growing season. Significant amounts of CH4 may evolve during or immediately after transplanting, if the organic amendments are incorporated 1 to 3 weeks before transplanting. Laboratory incubations of soil cores show that CH4 production is highest near the soil surface. CH4 production in green manure treated fields is higher than in urea-fertilized fields, but toward the end of the season this difference is less pronounced. Around panicle initiation, the fraction of CH4 produced, which was emitted to the atmosphere, is lower than at tillering or ripening. The impact of organic amendments on CH4 emissions at different locations of the world can be described by a dose response curve, if CH4 emission from organically amended plots is expressed relative to CH4 emission from mineral fertilized plots of the same location and season. Various organic amendments (e.g., straw, fermented residues) have a similar effect on CH4 emissions after correction for differences in easily decomposable carbon content.
Uncertainty Estimation for Deep Neural Object Detectors in Safety-Critical Applications

Object detection algorithms are essential components for perceiving the environment in safety-critical systems like automated driving. However, current state-of-the-art algorithms based on deep neural networks can give high confidence values to falsely detected objects and it is therefore important to model uncertainty for these predictions. In this paper, we propose two aleatoric uncertainty estimation algorithms for state-of-the-art deep learning based object detectors. Established algorithms for estimating uncertainty can either not be directly applied to object detection networks or result in high inference times. Instead, we adapt an existing method for aleatoric uncertainty estimation and propose another simple and efficient algorithm which is directly based on the multi-box detections. We show that these methods are able to assign high uncertainty values to false positives and visualize these in uncertainty maps. The uncertainty estimation methods are applied to a neural object detector and are compared with respect to their accuracy and inference time.
Teratogenic Effects of Harpagophytum procumbens Ethanolic Extract in Mice and Fetuses

Background: Harpagophytum procumbens is a traditional herbal plant belonging to the Pedaliaceae family. This herb is used to treat a wide range of disorders including rheumatism, arthritis, inflammations, gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatic diseases, and anemia. Side effects of this medicinal plant are unknown during pregnancy period. Objectives: Therefore, the objective of the present research was to evaluate the teratogenic effects and congenital malformation resulting from using Harpagophytum procumbens ethanolic extract in pregnant Balb/C mice. Methods: In this experimental study, female mice (N = 40) which had successful mating were kept in standard conditions. Then the ethanolic extract of the plant (200, 400, 600 mg/kg) was given to the treatment groups by gastric gavage route on 0 14 days of gestation. Female mice were euthanized on 18 gestation day and each fetus was removed and examined for external malformations. Histopathological studies were done for all fetuses and mice. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance for all groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 software. Results: Our results showed administration of Harpagophytum procumbens extract to pregnant mice in dose 600 mg/kg could induce necrosis in liver, kidney and lung of fetuses and pregnant mice but there were no significant structural malformations and abnormalities in body weight and crown-rump length of treated embryos in gross evaluation (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that administration of Harpagophytum procumbens extract to pregnant mice may cause teratogenic effects and histopathological changes in fetal tissues. Therefore, the use of this herbal medicine should be restricted during pregnancy.
Kinetic factors differentiating mid-to-late sprint acceleration performance in sprinters and soccer players

High-speed running in soccer is an important skill, however, the underlying kinetic factors are not fully understood. Ground reaction forces from steps 8 to 24 of maximal-effort sprints were captured for 24 soccer players and 28 track and field athletes using 54 force plates. Correlations between discrete force variables and horizontal acceleration were assessed, and statistical parametric mapping revealed performance associations across entire waveforms. Track and field athletes produced higher forces (mean anteroposterior: 1.56 N·kg-1) across shorter contacts (0.101 s) than soccer players (1.27 N·kg-1, 0.110 s). Interestingly, the technical ability to apply force and the performance-differentiating parts of stance were similar across groups. Thus, practitioners should perhaps target physical (force production) rather than technical factors to improve soccer players’ sprint abilities.
Nuclear Energy Density Optimization: UNEDF2

M. Kortelainen1,2,3,4, J. McDonnell3,4,5, W. Nazarewicz3,4,6, E. Olsen3, P.-G. Reinhard7, J. Sarich8, N. Schunck5,3,4, S. M. Wild8, D. Davesne9, J. Erler10, A. Pastore11 1Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35 (YFL), FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland 2Helsinki Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 4Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA 5Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA 6Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, ul. Hoza 69, PL-00681, Warsaw, Poland 7Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat Erlangen, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany 8Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA 9Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon, CNRS-IN2P3, UMR 5822, Universite Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France 10Division of Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany 11Institut d’Astronomie et d’Astrophysique, Universite Libre de Bruxelles CP226, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Pitch perception of musicians and non-musicians: a comparison of psychological tuning curves and frequency limens

Powner, Amber. Pitch perception of musicians and non-musicians: A comparison of psychophysical tuning curves and frequency difference limens. Unpublished Doctor of Audiology Capstone Project, University of Northern Colorado, 2013. A group of classically trained musicians and a group of non-musicians were compared using psychophysical tasks of pitch perception to determine the effect of musical training on the auditory mechanism. Two measurements, frequency difference limens (DLFs) and psychophysical tuning curves (PTCs) were gathered for each subject at four frequencies in each ear separately. Results indicated a significant difference between musicians and non-musicians at three frequencies for DLF measures, and no significant findings regarding PTC measurements. These findings reveal a significant musical training effect on DLF outcomes, while the effect of musical training on PTCs, if any, remains to be determined. Implications of this study support changes in measureable auditory skills resulting from auditory training through music, and suggest that the frequency selectivity at the level of the cochlea is different between musicians and nonmusicians. Additional studies are needed to demonstrate auditory differences between musicians and non-musicians using other psychophysical measurements beyond DLFs.
A calculus for plumbing applied to the topology of complex surface singularities and degenerating complex curves

Any graph-manifold can be obtained by plumbing according to some plumbing graph I\ A calculus for plumbing which includes normal forms for such graphs is developed. This is applied to answer several questions about the topology of normal complex surface singularities and analytic families of complex curves. For instance it is shown that the topology of the minimal resolution of a normal complex surface singularity is determined by the link of the singularity and even by its fundamental group if the singularity is not a cyclic quotient singularity or a cusp singularity. In this paper we describe a calculus for plumbed manifolds which lets one algorithmically determine when the oriented 3-manifolds M(TX) and A/fTj) ob- tained by plumbing according to two graphs Tx and T2 are homeomorphic (3-mani- folds are oriented 3-manifolds throughout this paper, and homeomorphisms of 3-manifolds are orientation preserving). We then apply the calculus to answer several questions about the topology of isolated singularities of complex surfaces and one-parameter families of complex curves. These results are described below. Since the class of 3-manifolds obtainable by plumbing is precisely the class of graph-manifolds, which were classified, with minor exceptions, by Waldhausen (24), a calculus for plumbing is in some sense implicit in Waldhausen's work. Moreover, it has been known for some time that the calculus can be put in a form like the one given here, but the details have never appeared in the literature. A related calculus for plumbing trees has been worked by Bonahon and Siebenmann (1) in order to classify their "algebraic knots". We describe the calculus in greater generality than is needed for the present applications, since this involves minimal extra work, and the calculus is needed elsewhere ((4), (14), and (15)). In particular, in an appendix we describe two generalizations of it. The calculus consists of a collection of moves one can do to a plumbing graph T without altering the plumbed manifold M(T). To see these moves are sufficient, we describe how they can be used to reduce any graph to a normal form which is
Paleoseismology and slip rate of the Conway Segment of the Hope Faultat Greenburn Stream, South Island, New Zealand

The Conway Segment of the dextral-slip Hope Fault is one of the fastest slipping fault segments along New Zealand s plate boundary, but has not ruptured co-seismically in the historic period and little paleoseismic data exist to constrain its large earthquake record. Two paleoseismic trenches were opened adjacent to Greenburn Stream near Kaikoura for the 2001 ILP Paleoseismology Conference. Both trenches were excavated into deposits ponded against an uphill-facing shutter scarp. Trench 1, dug through a cobbly soil and surface deposit was dominated by a thick fan/fluvial sequence that was radiocarbon dated at 4409 ± 60 C14 years BP (4844-5288 cal years BP) at the base of the trench. This trench exhibited evidence of complex deformation from many paleoseismic events. The most recent earthquakes are difficult to constrain due to a lack of cover stratigraphy on the fan deposits. However, the modern soil appears to be faulted and is covered by cobbles with a weathering rind-derived age of 220 ± 60 years. Trench 2, dug ? 50 m to the west has an expanded sequence of the younger cover deposits. Paleoseismic event horizons have been recognised from the combined evidence of upwardterminating faults, offset and mismatched units, a sandblow deposit, and abrupt landscape change shown by the burial of paleosol surfaces that form the event horizons. Two paleosols underlying the modern soil are clearly faulted by two separate rupture events. A dome of sand interpreted as a liquefaction sandblow deposit overlies the lower paleosol (event horizon). Both paleosols are overlain by metre-thick debris deposits, interpreted as earthquake-induced rock avalanches that cascaded off the hillslope following Mw 7 + events. Four radiocarbon dates place some constraints on the timing of the three recent surface-rupturing events. The youngest and lowest date is 548 ± 60 C14 years BP (504-656 cal years BP) and occurs below the lower paleosol. It constrains the maximum duration of time in which the last 2 earthquake events occurred to be 545 years (1295-1840 A.D.). This is consistent with the average Recurrence Interval (RI) of 180-310 years that we determine using two independent paths. The soil record indicates that each event is separated by a significant period of time, comparable to the calculated RI. The most recent event is constrained between ca. 1780 A.D. ± 60 years, taking into account the dates from these trenches, a weathering rind age, and from stratigraphic correlation at the site. Event III probably occurred before 1220 A.D. A maximum dextral slip rate of 23 ± 4 mm/yr is calculated from the minimum fan age and the offset/deflection of a stream channel along the shutter ridge. In concert with the estimate of single event displacement (5-6 m), these results show that the Conway Segment of the Hope Fault is fast-slipping and has ruptured regularly as a result of large earthquakes prior to the European colonisation of New Zealand.
No 269 Pricing kth-to-default Swaps under Default Contagion : The Matrix-Analytic Approach

We study a model for default contagion in intensity-based credit risk and its consequences for pricing portfolio credit derivatives. The model is specified through default intensities which are assumed to be constant between defaults, but which can jump at the times of defaults. The model is translated into a Markov jump process which represents the default status in the credit portfolio. This makes it possible to use matrix-analytic methods to derive computationally tractable closed-form expressions for single-name credit default swap spreads and k-to-default swap spreads. We ”semicalibrate” the model for portfolios (of up to 15 obligors) against market CDS spreads and compute the corresponding k-to-default spreads. In a numerical study based on a synthetic portfolio of 15 telecom bonds we study a number of questions: how spreads depend on the amount of default interaction; how the values of the underlying market CDS-prices used for calibration influence k-th-to default spreads; how a portfolio with inhomogeneous recovery rates compares with a portfolio which satisfies the standard assumption of identical recovery rates; and, finally, how well k-th-to default spreads in a nonsymmetric portfolio can be approximated by spreads in a symmetric portfolio.
Organomineral Fertilisers: Nutrient Dynamics and Evaluation of Agronomic Characteristics

Recycling of sewage sludge (biosolids) to agricultural land is regarded as the best practicable environmental option and currently represents the main disposal route in the UK. A novel method was developed by United Utilities-plc to produce organomineral fertilisers (OMFs) using biosolids. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the effects of the use of OMFs on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye-grass (Lolium perenne L.) and validate the data reported in previous studies. Nitrogen and phosphorus release characteristics were also investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Results indicated that grain yield (wheat) and dry matter production (rye-grass) were significantly increased (p<0.001) following application of OMFs and urea compared with the control (non-fertilised crop). Higher concentration of available N in the OMFs and urea resulted in significantly higher (p<0.001) grain yield and dry matter than the biosolid. Following fertiliser and biosolids application, the concentration of N in harvested plant material (rye-grass) was also significantly increased in the all treatments compared with the control (p<0.001). The MERNs (most economic rate of N) were calculated for wheat; these were 199.6; 189.7; and 223.5 kg [N] ha-1 for urea, OMF15, and OMF10 respectively. Following application of OMFs and urea to the soil, the majority of the N (up to 80% of the total N applied) was found to be released in the first 30 days after application; thereafter, N-fertiliser was released at a rate comparable to the soil organic N. Total N in the soil was found to have significantly increased (p=0.002) compared with the control (non-fertilised soil) after two consecutives years of fertiliser application. This was more evident when the organic N content in the fertiliser material was increased in relation to the readily available N. Soil extractable P was not significantly (p=0.962) changed after two consecutive years of OMFs and biosolids application; however, a marginally larger increase in soil extractable P was observed when biosolids were used.
Expectation-based and data-based illusory correlation : the effects of confirming versus disconfirming evidence

The present study (n = 154) examines the effects of expectations and stimulus information on the perception of illusory correlation. There have been few studies attempting to integrate expectation-based and data- (dixtinctiveness-) based processes. These studies suggest that data-based illusory correlation can be overruled by prior expectations, but it is not clear whether this is a consequence of a confirmation bias. In the present study, where participants were not exposed to the specific stimulus information, expectation was manipulated by stating that group B behaved more negatively than group A. Moreover, participants were provided with information contained in a statement-rating task that allowed for the confirmation and disconfirmation of the prior expectations. Participants rated the desirability of these behaviours and also performed the standard illusory correlation tasks. Based on self-categorization theory and Alloy and Tabachnik (1984), we predicted that in the absence of prior expectations, completing the rating task before the illusory correlation tasks would produce stronger illusory correlation than the reverse order. However, in the presence of prior expectations we expected the rating task to undermine illusory correlation, because the information obtained in this task tends to disconfirm prior expectations. Results support the predicted interaction between task order and expectation. We discuss some implications for research on confirmation bias.
The effects of location and neighbourhood attributes on housing values in metropolitan Lagos

The aim of this paper is to analyse and determine the relative roles of location and neighbourhood characteristics in the determination of housing values/prices. In order to achieve this, attempts were made to evaluate the role of location and neighbourhood factors in the determination of house prices; study how house prices / values vary by area; show how spatial variation of the housing attributes leads to the determination of income sub-groups in cities; and determine the extent to which these findings help in the understanding of the structure of the housing market in Nigerian cities. This paper therefore examined the spatial variations of location and neighbourhood attributes on house prices in the valuation zones. The hypothesis tested is that house prices vary by neighbourhood and locational attributes in metropolitan Lagos. The analysis of variance and multiple regression models were used in the analysis. It is concluded that neighbourhood and locational attributes show more importance on house values when smaller geographical housing units are examined. Key words: Locational attributes, neighbourhood characteristics, house values.
Does Aggregate Risk Aversion Change over Business Cycles ?

Using a semiparametric approach, we show that the stock market risk-return tradeoff moves closely with stock return predictors, e.g., the consumption-wealth ratio (CAY). While the finding might suggest countercyclical relative risk aversion (RRA), it mainly reflects variation in investment opportunities for three reasons. First, we cannot reject constant RRA after controlling for CAY as a proxy for investment opportunities. Second, loadings on the conditional market variance scaled by CAY are negatively priced in the cross-section of stock returns. Lastly, our main findings can be explained by a limited participation model, in which RRA is constant and CAY measures shareholders’ liquidity conditions.
Clinicopsychological profile of children with bleeding disorders from a tertiary center in Karnataka

Objectives: The aim of this study is to observe the clinical spectrum of presentation of hemophilia and other bleeding disorders in children. Material and Methods: This observational study was carried out in the Comprehensive Hemophilia Center at Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute from December 2015 to August 2016. Clinical profile of 126 diagnosed children of hemophilia and other bleeding disorders <18 years of age was analyzed. Results: Among the 126 cases of bleeding disorders, 123 were male and 3 were female. 101 (80.2%) cases were of hemophilia A, 15 (11.9%) cases were hemophilia B, and 3 (2.4%) were of Von Willebrand disease. Other rare deficiencies were seen in 7 (5.5%) cases. Mean age at diagnosis was 2.5 years (range-1 month to 8 years). Only 45.2% of cases had a family history of bleeding. Inhibitors were seen in 9 (7.14%) cases with hemophilia A. Joint bleeding (52.9%) either spontaneous or after trauma was the main forms of bleeds with hemarthrosis of knee joint being most common. Psoas muscle bleeds in 10 (33.3%) followed by hematemesis and melena in 7 (23.3%) were the most common critical bleed seen in our patients. Numerous psychosocial issues such as school absenteeism (68.25%), family dysfunction (50.8%), depression, low self-esteem, parental separation (21.4%), and divorce (2.4%) were noticed. Mothers were blamed for the disease and victimized in 10 (7.9%) cases. Conclusion: Joint bleeding was the most common bleed with hemarthrosis of knee joint being the major presentation. Psoas muscle bleeds were the most common critical bleed. Major life-threatening bleeds such as intracranial bleed and liver bleeds were seen only in patients with severe hemophilia A. Numerous psychosocial issues were noticed quite often and need equal attention as a medical treatment to optimize hemophilia care.