Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antecedents of employee turnover intention: A proposed theoretical framework

What makes employees leave their organizations has been of interest to both researchers and managers.As turnover is costly, it is important to understand what leads to such turnover.Is it the organizational culture? Is it job satisfaction? Is it the lack of organizational commitment? Is it lack of training? Is it the employees’ perceived support of both the supervisor/manager and the organization as a whole? This concept paper sheds some light on the literature and identifies the antecedents of intention to leave. The paper proposes a theoretical framework that shows the variables that explain the phenomenon of turnover intention.
The effect of social influence and facilitating conditions on e-government acceptance from the individual employees’ perspective

This study benefited from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model through choosing two constructs from this model (Social influence, and Facilitating Conditions) to investigate their impact on employees’ intention to adopt electronic government in Sultanate of Oman. To collect the requested data, a manually administered questionnaire-based survey was used. The valid questionnaires for the analysis were 209 questionnaires which represent a rate of (83.6%) of the selected sample; this response rate is considered a very good rate in the field of Information Systems. To confirm the internal consistency of construct and measures validity, Factor analysis and Reliability test were used for this purpose. In addition to, the multiple linear regression was used to test the study hypotheses. Overall, the adopted model explained a small portion of the whole deviation in employees' Intention to adopt e-government. Meanwhile, both constructs social influence, and facilitating conditions have a significant effect on employees to adopt the electronic government. Government has to disseminate the awareness among groups of social influence about the benefits of using electronic government and clarify them that the transform to e-government does not mean that the government will abandon its employees. As well as, the government has to improve the organizational and technical infrastructure which will be used to perform the egovernment tasks. The study originality derives from studying employees’ perspective as individuals, not as representatives of government institutions. Which considered the first study attempted to investigate the employees' intention to adopt e-government. Furthermore, the study narrowed UTUAT model which focused only on two constructs of this model.
Parametric Linear Stochastic Modelling of Benue River flow Process

The dynamics and accurate forecasting of streamflow processes of a river are important in the management of extreme events such as floods and droughts, optimal design of water storage structures and drainage networks. In this study, attempt was made at investigating the appropriateness of stochastic modelling of the streamflow process of the Benue River using data-driven models based on univariate streamflow series. To this end, multiplicative seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was developed for the logarithmic transformed monthly flows. The seasonal ARIMA model’s performance was compared with the traditional Thomas-Fiering model forecasts, and results obtained show that the multiplicative seasonal ARIMA model was able to forecast flow logarithms. However, it could not adequately account for the seasonal variability in the monthly standard deviations. The forecast flow logarithms therefore cannot readily be transformed into natural flows; hence, the need for cautious optimism in its adoption, though it could be used as a basis for the development of an Integrated Riverflow Forecasting System (IRFS). Since forecasting could be a highly “noisy” application because of the complex river flow system, a distributed hydrological model is recommended for real-time forecasting of the river flow regime especially for purposes of sustainable water resources management.
Measuring Ammonia Concentrations and Emissions from Agricultural Land and Liquid Surfaces: A Review

Abstract Aerial ammonia concentrations (C g) are measured using acid scrubbers, filter packs, denuders, or optical methods. Using C g and wind speed or airflow rate, ammonia emission rate or flux can be directly estimated using enclosures or micrometeorological methods. Using nitrogen (N) recovery is not recommended, mainly because the different gaseous N components cannot be separated. Although low cost and replicable, chambers modify environmental conditions and are suitable only for comparing treatments. Wind tunnels do not modify environmental conditions as much as chambers, but they may not be appropriate for determining ammonia fluxes; however, they can be used to compare emissions and test models. Larger wind tunnels that also simulate natural wind profiles may be more useful for comparing treatments than micrometeorological methods because the latter require larger plots and are, thus, difficult to replicate. For determining absolute ammonia flux, the micrometeorological methods are the most suitable because they are nonintrusive. For use with micrometeorological methods, both the passive denuders and optical methods give comparable accuracies, although the latter give real-time C g but at a higher cost. The passive denuder is wind weighted and also costs less than forced-air C g measurement methods, but it requires calibration. When ammonia contamination during sample preparation and handling is a concern and separating the gas-phase ammonia and aerosol ammonium is not required, the scrubber is preferred over the passive denuder. The photothermal interferometer, because of its low detection limit and robustness, may hold potential for use in agriculture, but it requires evaluation. With its simpler theoretical basis and fewer restrictions, the integrated horizontal flux (IHF) method is preferable over other micrometeorological methods, particularly for lagoons, where berms and land-lagoon boundaries modify wind flow and flux gradients. With uniform wind flow, the ZINST method requiring measurement at one predetermined height may perform comparably to the IHF method but at a lower cost.
Does Ownership Concentration Type Affect The Mapping Of Earnings Quality Into Value? - Malaysian Evidence

Using a sample of 185 companies in 2007, this paper investigates whether the mapping of earnings quality into intrinsic value for Malaysian companies differs as a function of ownership concentration type. It is hypothesized that compared with widely-held companies, the positive relation between earnings quality and intrinsic value is stronger (weaker) for companies dominated by the family of the Chief Executive Officer (Governmentdominated companies). Intrinsic value was calculated from stock ratings produced by a firm of Malaysian investment consultants. Three measures of earnings quality are used: two approaches from the journal literature and sub-ratings for earnings and dividend stability produced by the firm of consultants. The results support the second hypothesis (Governmentrelated investors) but not the first hypothesis (family-dominated companies). There is reasonable support for the theoretical predictions about the two earnings quality metrics from the journal literature. However, the consultant’s sub-ratings appear to provide a more accurate measure of earnings quality of Malaysian companies.
Risk management in the building industry in Kenya: An analysis of time and cost risks

Three major risks are involved in a building project during the construction period: the likelihood of cost overrun, likelihood of time overrun and the likelihood of poor quality workmanship. Formal and empirical risk management techniques have been used at least during the last decade, to identify, measure and respond to risks (Flanagan & Norman 1993). However, the methodology of risk management in building projects in Kenya is still rather informal and intuitive in nature. It is normally based on the skill and past experience of the ‘risk manager’. This approach to risk management is unlikely to give adequate identification and measurement of risks and response to them. Consequently, cost and time overruns have been observed to be the norm rather than the exception in the Kenyan building industry (Mbatha 1986, Talukhaba 1989). This study aims at investigating time and cost risks in building projects in Kenya. It examines the factors that expose building projects to the risks o f cost overruns, time overruns and poor quality workmanship, and assesses the adequacy of the risk management criteria used in the country’s building industry. In addition, the study also develops a mathematical model for predicting the expected cost and time overruns in proposed building projects. The target population in the study comprises all the professionally designed and managed building projects executed in Nairobi between 1990 and 1999. A sample of 37 projects has been studied. The data was collected from the architects, quantity surveyors and contractors involved in the projects, using questionnaires and has been analysed using frequencies, descriptive statistics (mean, mode, median etc), correlation and regression analyses. The study observes that the Conditions of Contract used in the mainstream building industry are a major risk factor in the building project. This factor occurs as early as the inception stage of the project and influences all the other stages.
Mathematical specifications

One step in the production of quality software is called program "specification". Specifications are written for a number of purposes. First they say exactly what a program or procedure should do. This enables a programmer to implement the program, with perhaps little or no knowledge of the rest of the system. Second, since specifications normally do not indicate how to do something, but merely what is to be done, specifications are more suitable for understanding how programs should be put together to form a larger system. Third, a specification provides a means for checking the correctness of a program either through testing or formal verification methods. In summary, program specifications aid in the development and validation of software. The two most important qualities of specifications are precision and communication. Specifications must be precise and unambiguous so that they are difficult to misunderstand or misinterpret. Natural language is easily misunderstood and can be ambiguous, whereas a formal language can be made precise and unambiguous. However it is very important that specifications be easily understood. Specifications are used to communicate to other people. The programmer must easily grasp the meaning of specifications. Natural language is easily understood, whereas formal languages are typically more difficult to understand. These two somewhat conflicting goals present a challenge to computer science which has not yet been satisfactorily accomplished. Related to the work in program specification, is the work on formalisms for defining the semantics of programming languages. Denotational semantics, sometimes called mathematical semantics, was developed by [Scott and Strachey 1971] for the purpose of precisely defining the semantics of programming languages. This method of definition is an alternative to operational semantics and axiomatic semantics. It is worth examining the motivations for these three methods. Operational semantics, such as the Vienna Definition Language [Lucas et al 1968, Wegner 1972], are the oldest and most natural method of defining programming languages, since it is based on abstract machines and interpreters, which closely resembles the actual implementation of programming languages. Axiomatic semantics [Hoare and Wirth 1973] was developed to Provide a formal foundation for program verification [Hoare 1969]. Denotational semantics was developed to give a purely mathematical description of programming languages. It attempts to avoid all implementation details and strives to describe the
A Further Extension of the Extended Parallel Process Model (E-EPPM): Implications of Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Emotion and Dispositional Coping Style

For two decades, the extended parallel process model (EPPM; Witte, 1992) has been one of the most widely used theoretical frameworks in health risk communication. The model has gained much popularity because it recognizes that, ironically, preceding fear appeal models do not incorporate the concept of fear as a legitimate and central part of them. As a remedy to this situation, the EPPM aims at “putting the fear back into fear appeals” (Witte, 1992, p. 330). Despite this attempt, however, this article argues that the EPPM still does not fully capture the essence of fear as an emotion. Specifically, drawing upon Lazarus's (1991) cognitive appraisal theory of emotion and the concept of dispositional coping style (Miller, 1995), this article seeks to further extend the EPPM. The revised EPPM incorporates a more comprehensive perspective on risk perceptions as a construct involving both cognitive and affective aspects (i.e., fear and anxiety) and integrates the concept of monitoring and blunting coping style as a moderator of further information seeking regarding a given risk topic.
Roles for Trafficking and O-Linked Glycosylation in the Turnover of Model Cell Surface Proteins*

Background: Plasma membrane proteins can be degraded by a number of mechanisms. Results: Turnover rates are determined by endocytosis signals and trafficking to lysosomes, ubiquitination, and ectodomain cleavage. Conclusion: Membrane trafficking to lysosomes and proteolysis at the cell surface determine protein half-life. Significance: Learning how plasma membrane proteins are turned over is critical for understanding protein homeostasis. Proteins targeted to the plasma membrane (PM) of cells are degraded at different rates. Sorting motifs contained within the cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane proteins, post-translational modifications (e.g. ubiquitination), and assembly into multiprotein or protein-lipid complexes all may affect the efficiency of endocytosis and recycling and influence the delivery to degradative compartments. Using the SNAP-tag labeling system, we examined the turnover of a model PM protein, the α chain of the interleukin-2 receptor (Tac). The surface lifetimes of SNAP-Tac fusions were influenced by their mode of entry into cells (clathrin-dependent versus clathrin-independent), their orientation in the PM (transmembrane versus glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored), and ubiquitination in their cytosolic domains. In addition, shedding of SNAP-Tac into the medium was greatly influenced by its O-linked glycosylation status. For a number of PM proteins, delivery to lysosomes and ectodomain shedding represent distinct parallel mechanisms to determine protein half-life.
The Use and Value of Freelancers: The Perspective of Managers

In this paper we provide an overview of the various means through which executives and entrepreneurs in Great Britain perceive freelancers as adding value to their businesses. To this end the paper reviews research on users of freelancers in large and small firms across industries in Great Britain. The evidence comprises a mix of case study and survey data. The results illustrate that managers perceive freelancers as a relatively high value added segment of the labour force which is particularly useful in dynamic and innovative business environments. In essence, freelancers are less of a cheap shadow precariat workforce and more a skilled specialised workforce than enable businesses to reduce: barriers to entry, risk and financial requirements while enhancing: business agility, flexibility and efficiency. Freelancers are viewed as important inputs that enable an innovation driven and entrepreneurial economy to perform.
Examining hedonic and utilitarian motivations for m-commerce fashion retail app engagement

The purpose of this paper is to explore the motivations of consumers engage with fashion retail applications (apps) from a consumer motivation perspective to inform the design for fashion retail apps. This is an area with increasing economic significance, yet of limited academic research to date. ,Through 18 in-depth qualitative interviews, utilitarian stimuli was identified as primary motivating factor to attract customers to shop for fashion garments through m-commerce retail apps. ,Results from thematic analysis identified that the utilitarian elements of “efficiency” and “convenience” were two of the most important motivators for engagement, with “personalized services”, and “convenient operation process” also dominant functions to attract customers to shop on m-commerce retail apps. While “Social” shopping was shown to be a motivating factor for consumer behaviour, participants showed greater preference to interpersonal communications channels than to social media. ,Findings from this study reveal the utilitarian focus of fashion retail apps within an industry often focussed on experiential interactions, and provide a focus for fashion retail m-commerce app designers to tailor their products for higher consumer engagement. Future apps should be designed specifically with this in mind to increase the chance of consumer engagement. ,This paper provides original insight into the hedonic and utilitarian value motivations most prevalent to users of m-commerce fashion retail apps. This is distinct from previous research that has focussed on physical retail environments or general e-commerce interactions (e.g. non-fashion web stores accessed through a PC/laptop).
PABPN1: molecular function and muscle disease

The polyadenosine RNA binding protein polyadenylate‐binding nuclear protein 1 (PABPN1) plays key roles in post‐transcriptional processing of RNA. Although PABPN1 is ubiquitously expressed and presumably contributes to control of gene expression in all tissues, mutation of the PABPN1 gene causes the disease oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD), in which a limited set of skeletal muscles are affected. A major goal in the field of OPMD research is to understand why mutation of a ubiquitously expressed gene leads to a muscle‐specific disease. PABPN1 plays a well‐documented role in controlling the poly(A) tail length of RNA transcripts but new functions are emerging through studies that exploit a variety of unbiased screens as well as model organisms. This review addresses (a) the molecular function of PABPN1 incorporating recent findings that reveal novel cellular functions for PABPN1 and (b) the approaches that are being used to understand the molecular defects that stem from expression of mutant PABPN1. The long‐term goal in this field of research is to understand the key molecular functions of PABPN1 in muscle as well as the mechanisms that underlie the pathological consequences of mutant PABPN1. Armed with this information, researchers can seek to develop therapeutic approaches to enhance the quality of life for patients afflicted with OPMD.
Omeprazole plus amoxicillin versus triple therapy eradicates Helicobacter pylori in the Chinese with peptic ulcer disease.

BACKGROUND Omeprazole/amoxicillin regimen has proved elsewhere to be effective in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). However, in the Chinese, its role in H. pylori is still unclear. METHODS Between November 1993 and June 1994, 112 patients with active, H. pylori positive peptic ulcer were enrolled in this study. Five groups were arranged randomly to have 20 mg omeprazole q.d. for 28 days plus 750 mg amoxicillin b.i. d. for the first 10 days (omep-20-amox group, N = 22), 20 mg omeprazole b.i. d. for 28 days plus 750 mg amoxicillin b.i. d. for the first 10 days (omep-40-amox group, N = 22), 300 mg bismuth subsalicylate q.i. d. for 28 day, and 750 mg amoxicillin b.i. d. , 500mg metronidazole t.i. d. for the first 7 days (triple therapy group, N = 25), 20 mg omeprazole q.d. for 28 days (omep-20 group, N = 22), or 150 mg ranitidine b.i. d. or 400 mg cimetidine b.i. d. for 28 days (H2-antagonist group, N = 21). RESULTS The eradication rate of H. pylori eight weeks after the entry of study was 38.1% in the omep-20-amox group, 66.7% in the omep-40-amox group, 77.3% in the triple therapy group, 4.7% in the omep-20 group and 0% in the H2 antagonist group (p < 0.05 between the triple therapy and the omep-20-amox, the omep-20, and the H2 antagonist groups). Eleven patients in the triple therapy group suffered from adverse effects (45.8%) (p < 0.05 as compared with other groups). The ulcer healing rates four weeks after the entry of study for the omep-20-amox, the omep-40-amox, the triple therapy, and the omep-20 groups were 80.9%, 80.9%, 68.2%, and 85.7% respectively (p > 0.05). For the H2 antagonist group, the ulcer healing rate eight weeks after the entry of study was 70%. CONCLUSIONS Both medium-dose omeprazole/amoxicillin and triple therapy can achieve good eradication rates. However, medium-dose omeprazole/amoxicillin had a much lower side effect. Therefore, we recommend medium-dose omeprazole/amoxicillin for the eradication of H. pylori.
EMR Use Among Rural and Urban Alabama Family Medicine Physicians

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the adoption of electronic medical records (EMR) by rural and urban Alabama family medicine physicians. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated EMR use among Alabama family medicine physicians (N = 1197). Results Half (49.3%) of the physicians surveyed reported using EMR in their practices; however, only 16.3% reported using EMR to its fullest capacity. The majority (49.9%) were categorized as nonusers, whereas basic users comprised 12.4%, moderate users made up 19.7%, and comprehensive users were 16.7% of the total. A physician’s age (P < 0.001) and years of professional practice (P = 0.002) correlate significantly with EMR use. EMR users (mean 48.48, standard deviation [SD] 9.93; mean 18.63, SD 10.58) were significantly younger and had been in practice for a shorter time than non-EMR users (mean 52.92, SD 12.01, and mean 22.44, SD 13.04, respectively). Conclusion This study allowed for the exploration of the current level of EMR use, the identification of individual user characteristics, and the identification of organizational user characteristics.