Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Correction to the Baroclinic Pressure Gradient Term in the Princeton Ocean Model

Abstract An error in the calculation of the baroclinic pressure gradient term in the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was identified while modeling the M2 tidal current near its critical latitude in the southern Weddell Sea. The error arises from the present calculation of density, which involves the subtraction of a background density profile from the density field calculated at each internal time step. The small displacement of sigma surface depths relative to the surface, as surface elevation changes, causes a slight error in the calculation of the vertical and horizontal gradients of potential density. The error is largest at the seabed over rapidly changing bathymetry such as the continental slope. The baroclinic pressure gradient error is typically much smaller than the Coriolis term in the momentum equations and, therefore, usually unimportant. Close to the critical latitude, however, near-resonance between the error and Coriolis terms can cause an energetic and spatially complex spurious inertial mode .
Faint dwarfs as a test of DM models: WDM versus CDM

We use high resolution Hydro+N-Body cosmological simulations to compare the assembly and evolution of a small field dwarf (stellar mass ∼ 10 6 7 M⊙, total mass 10 10 M⊙) indominated CDM and 2keV WDM cosmologies. We find that star for- mation (SF) in the WDM model is reduced and delayed by 1-2 Gyr relative to the CDM model, independently of the details of SF and feedback. Independent of the DM model, but proportionally to the SF efficiency, gas outflows lower thecentral mass density through 'dynamical heating', such that all realizations have circular velocities < 20 km s 1 at 500 pc, in agreement with local kinematic constraints. As a result of dynamical heating, older stars are less centrally concentrated than younger stars, similar to stellar population gradients observed in nearby dwarf galaxies. Introducing an important diagnostic of SF and feedback models, we translate our simulations into artificial color-magnitude diagrams and star formation histories in order to directly compare to available observations. The simulated galaxies formed most of their stars in many ∼10 Myr long bursts. The CDM galaxy has a global SFH, HI abundance and Fe/H and alpha-elements distribution well matched to current observations of dwarf galaxies. These results highlight the importance of directly including 'baryon physics' in simulations when 1) comparing predictions of galaxy formation models with the kinematics and number density of local dwarf galaxies and 2) differentiating between CDM and non-standard models with different DM or power spectra.
The Correlates of Kidney Dysfunction – Tumour Nephrectomy Database (CKD-TUNED) Study: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study

Background: Tumour nephrectomy conveys a significant risk of adverse renal functional outcomes postoperatively, however there are limited strategies for predicting patients at increased risk of these outcomes. The Correlates of Kidney Dysfunction – Tumour Nephrectomy Database (CKD-TUNED) study is a prospective observational study evaluating the risk of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease in tumour nephrectomy patients. Methods: The CKD-TUNED study involves analysis of clinical data and collection of tissue, urine and blood samples for the purposes of forming a tissue repository resource for future investigation. Recruitment began in 2013 and is expected to continue until 2023, with a projected sample size between 700-1000 subjects. Results: All relevant ethics and site-specific approvals have been granted and all relevant infrastructure is in place. Study methods are undergoing validation and refinement. As of June 2017 there are 267 participants enrolled in the study. Conclusion: It is anticipated that this study will have the potential to identify risk factors for adverse renal functional outcomes following tumour nephrectomy, which can be used in the development of predictive models with clinical utility, and in turn improve patient outcomes.
Time‐course effects of physiological free fatty acid surges on insulin sensitivity in humans

Aim: Physiological elevations of free fatty acids (FFAs) occur in bell‐shaped surges lasting some hours, observed nocturnally, during exercise and inflammation. The time‐course effects of such FFA surges on insulin sensitivity are unknown. We therefore aimed to define the effects of a graded 4‐h FFA elevation intended to mimick physiological excursions.
A Case Report : Malignancy Mimicking Mycotic Aneurysm

A 45 year old female with an acquired brain injury who presented to ED with recurrent falls, epigastric pain radiating to the left lower chest and constitutional symptoms was initially commenced on empirical antibiotic treatment for a suspected mycotic aneurysm. Laboratory testing revealed leukocytosis and computer tomography (CT) imaging showed an unusual paraaortic soft tissue mass further increasing the suspicion of mycotic aneurysm. However, due to the unusual appearance on CT and negative blood culture, an endobronchial ultrasound guided transoesophageal biopsy was performed to con irm the diagnosis. Histological indings were consistent with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and a diagnosis of malignancy secondary to possible cancer of the pancreas, biliary or gastrointestinal tract was made. The patient was subsequently palliated and passed away peacefully 27 days after admission. Leong KW Open J Clin Med Case Rep: Volume 2 (2016) A Case Report: Malignancy Mimicking Mycotic Aneurysm * Leong KW ; Nour DM; Bookun HR *Kai Wen Leong Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Phone: 614 239 33107; Email: k.leong8@student.unimelb. edu.au
Bone lead in the prehistoric population of Gran Canaria

The present study determined the lead concentration in bone tissue from 40 prehistoric individuals of Gran Canaria, and in a sample of 19 modern day residents of the Canary Islands. Higher bone lead values were observed in the modern sample (18.65 ± 12.13 μg/g dry bone tissue) than in the ancient sample (4.41 ± 3.45 μg/g dry bone tissue, P < 0.001). Older individuals showed higher bone lead values than younger individuals, but only in the modern group. The correlation between age and bone lead approached statistical significance (P = 0.058). Low bone lead observed in the prehistoric sample suggests a low lead exposure in prehispanic times in Gran Canaria. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:405–410, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Studies on rabbit lymphocytes in vitro. XI. Superaddition of anti-allotypic lymphocyte transformation: evidence for multipotent lymphoid cells.

The addition of mixtures of anti-allotypic sera to cultures of lymphocytes obtained from allotypically heterozygous donors causes a greater amount of “blast” transformation than the sum of the maxima that can be obtained with each anti-allotypic serum added separately. This “superaddition” of anti-allotypically induced transformation implies that the expression of allotypic specificities by lymphocytes is not limited to one allele (allelic exclusion), as has been found for plasma cells. Therefore, the expression of genetically controlled immunoglobulin antigenic specificities by lymphocytes appears to be less restricted than that by plasma cells. Plasma cells may become restricted in regard to immunoglobulin expression during differentiation from precursor cells that are not so restricted.
LATE CARDIAC DAMAGE OF ANTHRACYCLINE THERAPY FOR ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN CHILDHOOD

Long-termleukemia survivors (46) underwent cardiac evaluation, including physical examination, ECG, exercise testing, and echocardiography. They were 2-17 years old at diagnosis and 5-23 years old aftertreatment. Thirty-four survivors received anthracyclines (AC) (mean 203 mg/m2), 12 of them had also alkylating agents (AA) and 12 had no AC. Exercise tolerance was bellow predicted valuesin 21 (48%) survivors and 21 survivors had ECG abnormalities, which were more frequent in those treated with AC. Concomitant AC with AA was correlated with prolonged isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and influenced significantly the volume of left atrium (p = .02). Sixteen (52%) survivors had IVRT 90 ms. There were no significant differences in other parameters of diastolic orsystolic function. Despite the lack of clinical symptoms in the survivors treated with lower doses of AC, subtile abnormalities in myocardial function were found, mainly manifest as abnormal diastolic function. Prolonged IVRT may be a sensitive indicator for early detection of AC cardiotoxicity.
Influenza-associated cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations.

BACKGROUND Although cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common inherited respiratory disease, the burden of influenza among individuals with CF is not well characterized. METHODS We used the CF Foundation Patient Registry to determine the relationship between pulmonary exacerbation incidence rate and influenza virus season from July 2003 through June 2007. The outcome of interest, pulmonary exacerbation, was defined as treatment of a respiratory illness with IV antibiotics. Each influenza season was defined as all months during which >/= 15% of laboratory tests for influenza virus were positive in the US influenza virologic surveillance system. We calculated incidence rates of pulmonary exacerbation during the influenza and summertime seasons as well as relative rates with 95% CIs. A multivariate regression model adjusted for demographic and clinical predictors. RESULTS In 2003, the patient cohort size was 21,506 patients, and 7,727 patients experienced at least one pulmonary exacerbation. The overall pulmonary exacerbation incidence rate in the influenza season was 595.0 per 10,000 person-months compared with a summertime baseline of 549.6 per 10,000 person-months. The incidence rate ratio was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.10). Multivariate analysis did not change our estimate of risk (adjusted odds ratio: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.10). An estimated annual excess of 147.6 per 10,000 person-months or an excess 2.1% of total exacerbations occur during the influenza season. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a substantial contribution of the influenza season to CF morbidity. Further studies to determine any causal link between influenza infection and CF pulmonary exacerbations are necessary.
Innovation in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of Recent Research

Research on innovations in healthcare organizations published between 1994 and 2004 are here reviewed and summarized. The majority of the 31 identified studies dealt with the adoption of innovations and new practices and were cross-sectional designs applying quantitative methods, or multiple case studies applying qualitative methods. Five pathways for future research are recommended: (a) Multilevel approaches studying innovation simultaneously on individual, group, and organizational levels; (b) a combination of quantitative and qualitative data; (c) use of longitudinal designs (innovation both as the dependent and independent variable); (d) application of experimental designs in interventions; and (e) exploration of innovation generation and structural innovations.
Low-frequency auditory characteristics: Species dependence.

The magnitude and phase characteristics of the sound pressure at the eardrum‐to‐cochlear microphonic potential transfer function were measured at low frequencies for four species: cat, chinchilla, guinea pig, and kangaroo rat. The former two and the latter two demonstrated radically different properties in both magnitude and phase response. It is suggested that, since at low frequencies the middle‐ear transfer functions of these four species are similar, the discrepancies are caused by differing acoustic input impedances of the cochleas that are influenced by the physical dimensions of the helicotrema and of the cochlear spiral.
An Evaluation of Primary Healthcare Centers (PHC) Services: The Views of Users

This study evaluates the current status of multiple primary health care centers in Riyadh city from different perspectives (access and effectiveness). It explores the patients' perception about utilizations and how they perceive it. Also, it investigates factors contributing to not-fully utilizing the PHCs by patients. It addresses some challenges (problems/barriers/obstacles) that prevent PHCs from utilizing resources. This study investigates the status of utilizations in different PHCs in Riyadh city and compares the results to international approaches in this field. The researcher will survey users from different PHCs in Riyadh city about their perception of utilizations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current services of PHCs in Riyadh city from the perspective of patients, and to shed light on obstacles that may hinder or motivate patients to use health services. The study has been conducted in multiple primary health care centers in Riyadh. The population of this study are people from Riyadh city who have visited a primary health care center using simple stratified sampling a convenient sample. A questionnaire, created by the researcher and distributed electronically, was used to collect information from participants. The results show that the PHC is in good order in Riyadh city; effective and accessible. The challenge is in achieving the best use of it. The fact that most patients would not choose PHC as their first choice should be investigated further. There is no evidence in this research showing the effect of imposing the referral system through PHC. Results show that staff of the PHC center has a potential effect on the users' decision. Training and continuous development may improve the staff performance. Moreover, communication between users and practitioners may be enhanced by increasing the outcomes from health schools and attracting Saudi staff via incentives, continuous training, and scholarship. Frequent awareness programs may also help draw people's attention to the importance of PHC. It would be useful to get input from patients about factors preventing them from visiting PHC and to eliminating these factors.
Mitigation of nonlinear fiber distortion using phase conjugation

This thesis is devoted to the study of fiber-optic communication systems that mitigate nonlinear distortion due to the Kerr effect by transmitting a phase-conjugated copy alongside the signal followed by coherent superposition. This kind of communication systems are referred to as phase-conjugated twin waves systems when the phase-conjugated copy is transmitted on the orthogonal polarization. The nonlinear distortion due to the Kerr effect is one of the main limiting factors in modern coherent fiber-optic communication systems and it is of high interest to design communication systems that have a higher tolerance for nonlinear distortion at high optical launch powers. With a perturbation analysis and numerical modelling, we investigate a time domain implementation, transmitting the signal and the phase-conjugated copy in different time slots. We show that even though this scheme is predicted by the perturbation analysis to perform worse compared to regular phase-conjugated twin waves, the numerical results show that it performs comparably. Also it is argued that the time domain scheme could be easier to implement in practice. We then make an experimental comparison between a link performing coherent superposition in digital signal processing and a link performing coherent superposition all-optically in a phase-sensitive amplifier. The results from that comparison show that the performance in the nonlinear regime is comparable with both approaches. Last, we investigate numerically the impact of the span power map in single- and multi-span links that perform the coherent superposition inline with the use of phase-sensitive amplifiers. It is shown that by employing distributed Raman amplification in a multispan phase-sensitive amplifier link, it is possible to achieve significant increases in tolerance against nonlinear distortion leading to increased transmission reach, in some cases by as much as a factor of 8.
Folding of circular permutants with decreased contact order: general trend balanced by protein stability.

To examine the influence of contact order and stability on the refolding rate constant for two-state proteins, we have analysed the folding kinetics of the small beta-alpha-beta protein S6 and two of its circular permutants with relative contact orders of 0.19, 0.15 and 0.12. Data reveal a small but significant increase of the refolding rate constant (log k(f)) with decreasing contact order. At the same time, the decreased contact order is correlated to losses in global stability and alterations of the folding nucleus. When the differences in stability are accounted for by addition of Na2SO4 or by comparison of the folding kinetics at the transition mid-point, the dependence between log k(f) and contact order becomes stronger and follows the general correlation for two-state proteins. The observation emphasizes the combined action of topology and stability in controlling the rate constant of protein folding.
“REACT” STRATEJİSİNE UYGUN HAZIRLANAN MATERYALİN ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ ÖĞRENCİLERİN BAŞARISI ÜZERİNDE ETKİSİ

Son yillarda egitimin kalitesini arttirmak icin Baglam Temelli Yaklasim egitimde oldukca yaygin kullanilmaktadir. Bu yaklasimi ogrenme ogretme surecine entegre etmede yine siklikla REACT modeli tercih edilmektedir. Bu calismanin amaci, REACT stratejisine uygun olarak gelistirilen ogretim materyalinin ustun yetenekli ogrencilerin asit ve bazlarin notrlesmesi kavramina yonelik anlamalari uzerine etkisini arastirmaktir. Veri toplama araci olarak Kelime Iliskilendirme Testi (KIT) ve anket kullanilmistir. Calismanin orneklemini istekli olarak calismaya katilan, Ordu Bilim Sanat Merkezinde ogrenim goren yedinci ve sekizinci sinif seviyesinde toplam 18 ustun yetenekli ogrenci olusturmaktadir. Calismanin yontemi aksiyon arastirmasi olarak belirlenmistir. Calismanin sonuclari, sekizinci sinif ogrencilerinin daha basarili oldugunu gosterse de yedinci sinif ogrencilerinin bilgiyi daha anlamli bir sekilde yapilandirdiklari ve iliskilendirdikleri belirlenmistir.
Use of Interferon‐Gamma Release Assay for Latent Tuberculosis Infection Screening in Older Adults Exposed to Tuberculosis in a Nursing Home

OBJECTIVES: To assess the additive value of a newly marketed interferon‐gamma release assay, QuantiFERON‐TB Gold In‐Tube (QFT‐GIT), to a single tuberculin skin test (TST) for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in older adults who have been exposed to TB in a nursing home.
High ischemia-modified albumin concentration reflects oxidative stress but not myocardial involvement in systemic sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized by widespread vascular lesions and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. In SSc, vasospasm causes frequent episodes of reperfusion injury and free-radical-mediated endothelial disruption. Primary myocardial involvement is far more common than initially suspected on clinical grounds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) and affects survival rates because it is associated with a poor prognosis (6)(7). Myocardial fibrosis is thought to occur secondarily to repeated focal ischemia in the coronary microcirculation as a result of abnormal vasoreactivity, with or without associated structural vascular disease (4)(5). The early and accurate identification of cardiac involvement is therefore of paramount clinical importance. The concentration of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), as measured by the albumin cobalt binding test (Ischemia Technologies, Inc.), is a new marker to rule out transient myocardial ischemia (8)(9). This test measures the binding of exogenous cobalt to the NH2 terminus of human albumin. In the presence of myocardial ischemia, structural changes occur in the NH2 terminus of albumin, rapidly reducing its capacity to bind transition metal ions after an ischemic event (10). We assessed the accuracy of the albumin cobalt binding test for detecting ischemia in SSc patients and investigated the roles of myocardial ischemia and peripheral oxidative stress in this condition. We also considered carbonyl residues and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) as factors indicative of protein oxidation. We included consecutive patients hospitalized for systematic follow-up who fulfilled the American Rheumatism Association preliminary criteria for SSc. The exclusion criteria were pregnancy; symptoms of heart failure, including class III or IV dyspnea (New York Heart Association); venous distension and recent major lower limb edema; pulmonary arterial hypertension (systolic arterial pressure >40 mmHg and/or mean artery pressure >25 mmHg, determined …
Comparative intervention study among Danish daycare children: the effect on illness of time spent outdoors

Aims: The purpose of the study was to examine the correlation between illnesses, and in particular contagious illnesses, among daycare children and the amount of time spent outdoors, and whether through the intervention of increasing the amount of time spent outdoors it is possible to lower the incidence of illness. Methods: The study was conducted among eight daycare centres within the same county. A total of 326 children, 17 homeroom groups, were divided into two study groups. Each of the two study groups had a two-month period in which the percentage of time spent outdoors per day was almost double that of the other study group. Results: The overall frequency of sick days was 4%. There was no significant effect of spending more time outdoors on the number of illness episodes, length of the episode, or cause of illness. Conclusion: Our negative findings are in accordance with the theory that illness among daycare children is largely a result of contact among children and the hygiene standards of the institution, and thus these are the factors that may need to be addressed to reduce the level of illness among daycare children.
[The epidemiology research of Blastocystis hominis in the Dokuz Eylül University Medical Faculty Hospital between 2005 and 2009].

OBJECTIVE An investigation of Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) prevalance in 17756 patients with gastrointestinal system complaints who presented at the parasitology laboratory of the Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2005 and December 2009 was carried out. METHODS Fecal samples of all patients were examined using the native-Lugol and trichrome and Kinyoun acid-fast staining method after sedimentation in fecal concentration tubes. RESULTS One or more parasites were detected in 1510 (8.50%) of the patients. The distribution of the intestinal parasites was as follows: B. hominis 778 (4.38%), nonpathogenic amoebas 343 (1.93%), Giardia intestinalis (G. intestinalis) 205 (1,15%), Enterobius vermicularis (E. vermicularis) 46 (0.25%), Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar (E. histolytica/E. dispar) 34 (0.19%), and other rare parasites 104 (0.58%). The most frequently seen parasite was B. hominis in fecal samples of patients with gastrointestinal complaints in our study. Distribution of 778 patients with B. hominis due to parasite forms was determined as: vacuolar in 525 (67.49%), granular in 115 (14.78%), both vacuolar and granular in 138 (17.73%) cases. CONCLUSION As B. hominis was the most frequently seen parasite in patients with gastrointestinal complaints, we suggest that the parasite should be considered as pathogenic and sufficient attention must be paid in routine stool examinations.