Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immobilization of α-amylase in operationally stable calcium-alginate beads: A cost effective technique for enzyme aided industrial processes

Enzyme immobilization is the limitation of enzyme mobility to a confined area in order to increase the operational stability of enzyme. Among various techniques of immobilization, entrapment is the one that results in the retention of active enzyme confirmation with high immobilization efficiency. In the present work, α-amylase produced from Bacillus licheniformis AR-1 was immobilized in calciumalginate beads with the aim of reducing the cost of enzyme aided industrial processes. Kinetics of calcium-alginate entrapped α-amylase was investigated and compared with that of the soluble enzyme. It was observed that following immobilization, time course for maximum enzyme-substrate reaction was increased by 5 min as compared to soluble enzyme. Substrate requirement of immobilized α-amylase was also increased and 2 gm% starch was found to be the optimum substrate concentration for entrapped α-amylase activity. Immobilized α-amylase showed no change in optimum pH as compared to free enzyme, whereas optimum temperature of α-amylase activity was shifted from 50 to 55°C. Immobilized α-amylase was also checked for its reusability and it was found that calcium-alginate entrapped enzyme could be reused for up to four repeated cycles.
Assessment of Beef Cattle Production, Slaughtering and Marketing Practice in Haramaya University, Ethiopia

Ethiopia is endowed with good livestock production potential; however, the product utilization was underutilized. Meat is one of the most nutritious animal source foods that humans can consume. In Ethiopia, domestic consumption requirements for red meat arise due to rapidly growing population, increasing urbanization, rising income, increase export of live animal and meat to generate foreign exchange earnings. This study was anticipated to asses’ beef fattening, processing, handling and marketing of meat and live animal in the Haramaya University, which is found in Ethiopia, and known for technology innovation, adoption, and transfer for community. The source of cattle for fattening in the university is from Tullu Dambir, Haramaya and Oda Bultum cooperatives based on weight. Sex, appearance, and weight have limitation during buying. The farm was selected only male greater than 225kg and good appearance. As cattle enter the farm identification number, vaccination, and quarantine for 15days applied. The major feed resource for fatting was hay, silage, cafeterias leftover, and kitchen by-product. The cattle have managed in-group as a time entering to the fattening for 100 days. There was no live animal selling in farm. Even though there has been plenty of knowledge and experience in the University there is yet poor slaughterhouse management and traditional slaughtering practice. There was no compartment lairage, electrical hoist, vehicle, separated room for stomach, waste collection room, carcass classification, carcass chilling room, laboratory, refrigerator, stunning pen, chilling room, hide processing room and sterilization facilities. The University enterprise has been retailing the meat with 80kg/birr for student cafeteria service and 100 kg/birr for staff restaurant and individual/ private restaurants as well as individual campus resident. The fatting station and the abattoir should work in collaboration with the scientific communities to supply quality beef.
An Empirical Analysis for the U.S. of the Effects of Government Budget Deficits on the Ex Ante Real Interest Rate Yields on Thirty-Year and Twenty-Year Treasury Bonds

This study empirically investigates the impact of federal government budget deficits on the ex ante real interest rate yield on thirty-year and twenty-year U.S. Treasury bonds. After allowing for the exchange rate and a variety of other control variables, it is found that autoregressive two stage least squares estimations for the post-Bretton Woods era reveal that the ex ante real interest rate yields on both of these bonds have been an increasing function of the federal budget deficit. Accordingly, since long-term U.S. Treasury bond issues compete directly with household bond issues (such as home mortgages) as well as corporate bond issues in the financial marketplace, legislators and other policy-makers should circumspect about the potential implications of actions that increase the magnitude of budget deficits. This is because higher budget deficits are very likely to elevate longer-term ex ante real interest rates affecting household purchases of durable goods, such as housing and business investment in new plant and equipment and technology and hence are likely to adversely influence long-term macro-economic growth through crowding-out effects. Un’analisi empirica degli effetti del deficit USA sui tassi di interesse reali ex-ante sui bond del Tesoro a 20 e a 30 anni Questo lavoro analizza l’impatto del deficit di bilancio federale sui tassi di interesse reale ex-ante sui bond del tesoro a 20 e a 30 anni. Dopo aver preso in considerazione il tasso di cambio ed altre variabili di controllo e emerso che stime quadratiche minime autoregressive a due livelli per l’era post-Bretton Woods rivelano che il rendimento reale ex-ante su entrambi i tipi di bond sono una funzione crescente del deficit di bilancio federale. Di conseguenza, poiche l’emissione di bond del tesoro statunitense a lungo termine e in diretta competizione con l’emissione di bond domestici (come i mutui immobiliari) o di corporate bond del mercato finanziario, il legislatore e il governo dovrebbero riflettere sulle potenziali implicazioni delle politiche che fanno aumentare il deficit di bilancio. Questo perche un deficit maggiore puo verosimilmente far crescere il tasso di interesse reale ex ante su un periodo piu lungo, influenzando cosi la domanda interna di beni durevoli come gli immobili e gli investimenti in nuovi impianti e tecnologie e di conseguenza influenzare negativamente la crescita macro-economica di lungo periodo tramite effetti spiazzamento.
Protein Localization Protein Localization Prediction Using Protein Interaction Networks

In this paper we investigate 4 different methods to predict protein sub cellular location using protein interaction networks. We present a very simple algorithm as a benchmark to which the other, more complex, methods can be measured. This algorithm is based on the simple observation that to interact proteins must be physically close to one another, so there is some relation between interactions and locations. We use node2vec to find feature vector representations of the networks and see if information about protein locations is recapitulated. SimRank is used to obtain a similarity measure between proteins in the network and the similarity is used as weights in an extended form of the first algorithm. Finally we use the matrix exponential to get a general measure of distance between proteins and locations. We find that, compared to the first simple algorithm, more complex methods fail to make adequate predictions. Analyzing the algorithms reveals that this might be a result of the fact that the networks are strongly connected. As a result the simple localized algorithm performs much better than the other algorithms that take the complete graph into account. Contact: matthijsklaassen1995@gmail.com
Counterclockwise Rotation of the Michoacan Block : Implications for the Tectonics of Western Mexico

Subduction of the Farallon plate beneath North America resulted in formation of the Rivera and Cocos oceanic plates, the extensive magmatic arcs of the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO), and the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). Southern Mexico consists of crustal blocks separated by a regional extensional structural system; the latter, called the Guadalajara triple junction, is defined by the Tepic-Zacoalco (TZR), Colima (CR), and Chapala (CHR) rifts. TZR and CHR separate the SMO from the Jalisco and Michoacan blocks, whereas CR is the boundary between the Jalisco and Michoacan blocks. In this study, we carried out combined radiometric and paleomagnetic analyses in the Michoacan block. Radiometric dates of 31.60 to 8.39 Ma confirm both the southern extension of the Sierra Madre Occidental and the early mafic TMVB succession into the Michoacan block. The Oligocene age agrees well with the radiometric dating reported for the southern SMO and the Tertiary volcanic fields of the Sierra Madre del Sur. Paleomagnetic data indicate a counterclockwise rotation of ~24° about a vertical axis for the Michoacan block. Several plate models suggest either dextral or sinistral oblique convergence of the Cocos plate relative to North America. Our new results help to constrain these different models. These data demostrate that deformation in the Michoacan block is as old as late Miocene, and is related to sinistral oblique convergence of the Cocos plate relative to North America—inducing the southeast relative motion of the Michoacan block. The structural trends along both CHR and CR are thereby explained. On the other hand, right-lateral transtension along the TZR is related to the westward motion of the Jalisco block because of oblique convergence of the Rivera plate.
Causes of conflict among school personnel in Gwanda District Secondary Schools in Zimbabwe

This study sought to investigate causes of conflict in the urban and peri-urban secondary schools in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe. The instruments used were survey questionnaire and interview with the selected respondents. The descriptive survey design was used to collect data through survey questionnaires and face-toface interviews. The data was presented using tables and percentages. The results show, that conflicts in Gwanda urban and peri-urban secondary schools occur among teachers in the same department; among teachers in different departments; between teachers and the school heads and among teachers, parents and students. The study established that conflict was influenced by both structural and personal factors among personnel in Gwanda urban and peri-urban secondary schools. The main structural causes of conflict were identified as sharing of resources, poor work conditions and administrative style used by leadership. The major personal factors that cause conflict in Gwanda urban and peri-urban secondary schools were differences in personalities, poor dissemination of information and favoritism at work by leadership. The study recommended that school heads and Heads of Departments be equipped with conflict resolution skills in order to identify potential causes of conflict and subsequently manage conflict in schools. The study further recommended the establishment of conflict resolution committees in every school and that government and School Development Committees work towards improving teachers’ working conditions to reduce the rate of conflict in schools. Keywords, Causes, Conflict, urban, peri-urban, structural factors, personal factors
Knowledge and practice of testicular self-examination among secondary students at Ntare School in Mbarara District, South western Uganda

Introduction Testicular self-examination (TSE) is a screening technique that involves inspection of the appearance and palpation of the testes to detect any changes from the normal. Globally, the incidence of cancer has increased among which is testicular cancer (TC). Data on this topic among male secondary school adolescents in Uganda is limited therefore this study sought to assess the knowledge and practice of testicular self-examination among secondary students at Ntare School, Mbarara District in south western Uganda. The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge and practice of testicular self-examination among secondary students at Ntare School in Mbarara district, south western Uganda. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study among 165 students. Recruitment was made using simple random sampling technique. Respondents were selected among advanced level (A’ level) male students studying at Ntare School in Mbarara district, south western Uganda. Structured self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Results Of the male students, 41.8% reported to have knowledge about TSE and only 23.6% practiced TSE. Most students rated their knowledge of TSE to be below 5 (from 1-10). Of the 39 students who admitted performing TSE, only 16 did so as recommended (monthly). Conclusion The knowledge and practice of TSE were low among adolescent secondary school boys in Ntare School in Mbarara District, south western Uganda. This suggests that these students are unaware of the value of this personal health promotion tool which is fundamental in early diagnosis of testicular cancer.
THE FORMATION OF THE MIXED MORPHOLOGY OF NICKEL SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES DERIVED FROM SUBSTITUTED BENZIMIDAZOLE DITHIOCARBAMATE NICKEL ( II ) COMPLEXES

The synthesis of nickel sulfide nanoparticles through variation of reaction conditions such concentration and temperature is reported. Benzimidazole dithiocarbamate nickel(II) and 2-methylbenzimidazole dithiocarbamates nickel(II) complexes were prepared and thermolysed in hexadecylamine (HDA) at the temperature of 140, 160 and 180 °C through the single source precursor method. The effect of concentration of the precursor (0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 g) to produce HDA capped Ni3S4 nanoparticles was also investigated. TEM images of the Ni3S4 nanoparticles revealed anisotropic particles when the precursor concentration and temperature was varied. 2-methylbenzimidazole dithiocarbamate nickel(II) complex produced the mixture of spheres, cubes, triangles and rods nickel sulphide nanoparticles at different concentrations. XRD patterns displayed the cubic crystalline structures of Ni3S4 at all temperatures.
PALEOSALINITY RECORDS FROM THREE LAKES ON SAN SALVADOR ISLAND , BAHAMAS INFERRED FROM PRESERVED OSTRACODE ASSEMBLAGES

Quantitative records of past environments are needed to understand natural variability in ecosystems and their responses to climate change. Changing ostracode assemblages through time can produce such records since ostracode species are often sensitive to changes in their local environments. Before they can be used to indicate past environments, it is necessary to understand how distributions of assemblages change across the modern landscape. Thirty-two lakes on San Salvador Island, Bahamas were sampled for ostracodes and nineteen physio-chemical variables that may influence their distribution. Multivariate fuzzy set ordination indicated that change in ostracode assemblages was significantly and independently correlated with: electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and alkalinity. A transfer function was then created to reconstruct past conductivity since changing conductivity of lakes on San Salvador has been linked to changes in climate and sea-level fluctuations. A 2-component weighted-averaging partial least squares model performed best as a transfer function for conductivity with an apparent r of 0.76 and an r of 0.69 between observed and predicted conductivity, as assessed by leave-one-out cross validation. The resulting transfer function was then applied to three San Salvador Island sediment cores from which ostracode paleoassemblages were sampled. The late Holocene paleoconductivity records show that changes in conductivity of lakes on San Salvador are broadly synchronous and that lakes respond to regional climate changes. In particular, variation in the strength of El Niño corresponds to changes in conductivity with times of strong El Niño events recorded as arid periods and times without strong El Niño events recorded as more humid periods. These results demonstrate that changing ostracode assemblages through time provide a reliable means to reconstruct past conductivity of lakes on San Salvador Island and that variation in the strength of El Niño events influences the aridity of the climate in the Bahamas. Corresponding author. E-mail: andymichelson@uchicago.edu
Characterization of resistance against the olive-defoliating Verticillium dahliae pathotype in selected clones of wild olive

D. Jim enez-Fern andez, J. L. Trapero-Casas, B. B. Landa, J. A. Navas-Cort es, G. Bubici, M. Cirulli and R. M. Jim enez-D ıaz* Departamento de Agronom ıa, College of Agriculture and Forestry (ETSIAM), Universidad de C ordoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Edificio C-4 Celestino Mutis, Campus Rabanales, Ctra. de Madrid, km 396, 14071; Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient ıficas (CSIC), Avenida Men endez Pidal s/n, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, 14004, C ordoba, Spain; Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; and Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Universit a degli Studi di Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
Diagnostic Relevance of Recurrence Plots for the Characterization of Health, Disease or Death in Humans

Introduction: Recurrence plots have been increasingly used to evaluate complex dynamic systems of which the human body is an excellent model. The different quantitative and qualitative elements of recurrence plots in health, disease, and death were analysed. A time series of normal heartbeats were collected in healthy newborns, healthy children, healthy young adults, healthy middle-aged adults, elderly individuals living in nursing homes, individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease, and individuals with declared brain death or in a state of imminent death. Healthy young adults showed the best homeostasis (lower recurrence). Healthy newborns and individuals with declared brain death or in a state of imminent death had higher recurrence values. At the qualitative visual level, healthy young adults showed a more diffuse and uniform distribution, indicative of better homeostasis; for individuals with declared brain death or in a state of imminent death this was totally linear – the worst condition. A parabolic pattern was clearly evidenced. In conclusion, it was possible, using the correlation of only two variables (SDNN and TT), to easily differentiate states of health, disease, and death using recurrence plots.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CAVITATING FLOWS BY A MIXTURE-ENERGY-CONSISTENT TWO-PHASE FLOW MODEL WITH THERMODYNAMIC RELAXATION

Marica Pelanti1∗ and Keh-Ming Shyue 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées ENSTA ParisTech, 828, Boulevard des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau Cedex, France, marica.pelanti@ensta-paristech.fr, http://www.ensta-paristech.fr/~pelanti 2 Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, shyue@ntu.edu. tw, http://www.math.ntu.edu. tw/~shyue
A SYSTEMATIC COMPARISON OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE HULL VANE, INTER- CEPTORS, TRIM WEDGES, AND BALLASTING ON THE PERFORMACE OF THE 50M AMECRC SERIES #13 PATROL VESSEL

Part of the resistance reduction of the Hull Vane lies in the alteration of the vessel’s trim. This paper discusses a comparison between the Hull Vane and other trim correction methods: interceptors, trim wedges, and ballasting. With the use of a systematic CFD study, the 50m Patrol Vessel from the AMECRC series #13 is analysed to quantify which trim correction method is most suitable for this round-bilged fast displacement hull at speeds between 8.6 and 34.4 knots. The results show that although for all trim correction methods resistance reductions were found, the Hull Vane achieves the highest resistance reduction over the major part of the speed range, with resistance reductions up to 32.4%. The influence of the different trim correction devices on the performance in waves is also assessed, and the Hull Vane effectively reduces the pitching motion and the added resistance in waves, more than e.g. an interceptor.
The Neurobiology ofAnxiety Disorders : BrainImaging , Genetics , andPsychoneuroendocrinology

This work was supported by National Institute of Health (NIH) grants MH-541380, MH-77083, MH-69056, MH-58922, MH-42088, MH071537, and DA-019624; the Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Award, and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. K.J.R. has received awards and/or funding support fromLundbeck,BurroughsWellcomeFoundation,Pfizer, theNationalAlliance forResearch inSchizophrenia andDepression (NARSAD), theNational Institute ofMental Health (NIMH), and theNational InstituteonDrugAbuseandhas a consultingagreementwithTikvahTherapeutics forN-methyl-D-aspartic acid–based therapeutics. C.B. N currently serves on the scientific advisory boards of American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP), AstraZeneca, NARSAD, Quintiles, Janssen/Ortho-McNeil, and PharmaNeuroboost. He holds stock/equity in Corcept; Revaax, NovaDel Pharma, CeNeRx, and PharmaNeuroboost. He is on the board of directors of theAFSP, GeorgeWestMental Health Foundation, NovaDel Pharma, andMt. Cook Pharma, Inc. He holds a patent on the method and devices for transdermal delivery of lithium (US 6,375,990 B1) and the method for estimating serotonin and norepinephrine transporter occupancy after drug treatment using patient or animal serum (provisional filing April, 2001). In the past year, he also served on the Scientific Advisory Board for Forest Laboratories, received grant support from the NIMH, NARSAD, and AFSP, and served on the Board of Directors of the American Psychiatric Institute for Research and Education. E.B. is co-inventor on the following patent applications: FKBP5: a novel target for antidepressant therapy, international publication number:WO2005/054500; and Polymorphisms inABCB1 associatedwith a lack of clinical response to medicaments, international application number: PCT/EP2005/005194. She receives grant support fromNARSADand theDorisDukeCharitable Foundation. In thepast 2years, shehas received grant support from Pfizer Pharmaceuticals (Young Investigator award) and GlaxoSmithKline. a Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA b Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA c Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA d Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany e Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA f Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA * Corresponding author. E-mail address: eimarti@emory.edu (E.I. Martin).
A Study of Visitors ’ Recreational Experience Types in Relationship to Customer Retention in Leisure Farm

The objective of this study is to explore the effects of four realms of experience proposed by Pine and Gilmore (1999) on customer retention. Sontenkan Leisure Farm was selected for the research site. Two hundred and forty valid questionnaires were collected and descriptive statistics, factor analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that: Among four realms of experience proposed by Pine and Gilmore(1999), visitors obtained highest satisfaction with aesthetic experiences, followed by escapist experiences, entertainment experiences and educational experiences. Escapist and aesthetic experiences had a positive effect on revisit intention and entertainment, educational and aesthetic experiences have a positive effect on customer loyalty.
Predictors of human PBDE body burdens 1 for a UK cohort 2

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