Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histopathology and Serum Clinical Chemistry Evaluation of Broilers With Femoral Head Separation Disorder

Abstract Femoral head separation (FHS) and necrosis is a sporadic leg problem of unknown etiology in broiler breeders. To determine the underlying physiology of FHS, the blood chemistry and histopathology of the femoral growth plates of the affected chickens were compared with their age-matched controls and with birds having tibial dyschondroplasia. Femoral problems were categorized on the basis of 1) femoral head separating from articular cartilage without any visible damage to the growth plate (FHS) and 2) FHS with significant tearing and lesions in the growth plate (FHSL). Tibial dyschondroplasia was identified by a widening of the growth plate with an unresorbed plug of cartilage at the proximal end of the tibia. Control birds were without any femoral or tibial problems. The histopathology of FHSL growth plates revealed occasional chondrocyte death, hypocellularity, dysplasia in the prehypertrophic zones, and the absence of inflammatory infiltrates in the lesion areas. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed brown chromogenic deposits in the metaphyseal bone marrow areas. Blood chemistry of chickens with FHSL showed a modest but significant elevation of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins. Only cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins were moderately elevated in FHS-affected chickens. Other blood parameters, such as protein, magnesium, and iron levels, showed differential changes in birds with leg problems, but there were no specific trends. Neither blood ovotransferrin, a marker of chronic inflammation, nor corticosterone, a marker of stress, showed any significant differences from the controls. These results indicate that FHS may be a metabolic problem in poultry, one that is related to fat metabolism disorders, possibly contributing to an unbalanced growth in the articular-epiphyseal complex that leads to its separation under sheer stress.
Treatment of urinary incontinence in women in general practice: observational study

Abstract Objective: To examine what is attainable when treating urinary incontinence in women in general practice. Design: Observational study with 12 months' follow up. Interview and clinical examination before, during, and after treatment of women seeking help for urinary incontinence in general practice. Setting: General practice in the rural district of Rissa, Norway. Subjects: 105 women aged 20 or more with urinary incontinence. Interventions: Treatment with pelvic floor exercises, electrostimulation, oestrogen, anticholinergic drugs, bladder training, and protective pads. Main outcome measures: Subjective and objective measures of urinary incontinence; number of patients referred to a specialist. Results: After 12 months' follow up 70% (69/99) of the women were cured or much better; the mean score on a 100 mm visual analogue scale decreased from 37 to 20 mm; and the proportion of women who were greatly bothered by their incontinence decreased by 62%. 20% (20/98) of women became continent, and the percentage of women with severe incontinence decreased from 64% (63/99) to 28% (27/98). Mean leakage per 24 hours measured by a pad test decreased from 28 g at the start of treatment to 13 g after 12 months. The number of light weight pads or sanitary towels decreased from 1.6 to 0.6 a day. In all, 17/105 (16%) patients were referred to a specialist. Conclusions: Urinary incontinence in women can be effectively managed in general practice with fairly simple treatment. Most women will be satisfied with the results. Key messages General practitioners can treat urinary inconti- nence fairly simply Treatment options in this study were pelvic floor exercises, electrostimulation, oestrogen, anti- cholinergic drugs, bladder training, and protective pads After 12 months' follow up most of the women were cured or much better
Evidence of redistribution of cardiac output in asymmetrical growth retardation

Summary. Thirty‐one fetuses with growth retardation were studied by Doppler estimation of the cardiac output from each side of the fetal heart. Asymmetrical growth retardation was diagnosed in 16 fetuses by a head to abdominal circumference ratio above the 95th centile. In the 15 fetuses with symmetrical growth retardation, the distribution of cardiac output was normal. The mean and maximum velocity of blood flow in the pulmonary artery and aorta were similar to values in normal fetuses, and there was a greater calculated output from the right heart than from the left. The right heart flow expressed as a percentage of the combined cardiac output was not statistically significantly different from that in normal fetuses. In contrast, all 16 fetuses with asymmetrical growth retardation had a higher mean and maximum velocity in the aorta than in the pulmonary artery. The calculated volume flow from each side of the heart showed a greater output from the left than the right heart in 15. The right heart flow expressed as a percentage of the combined cardiac output was statistically different from the value in normal fetuses. These findings are consistent with theories of the redistribution of fetal blood flow, where cerebral blood flow is preferentially ‘spared’.
The associations between cardiovascular risk factors, physical activity, and arterial stiffness in youth.

BACKGROUND The primary aim of this population-based study was to determine if arterial stiffness is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor clustering and physical activity in youth 12-14 years old. We hypothesized that arterial stiffness would be positively associated with CVD risk factor clustering and negatively associated with physical activity in a dose-response manner in this cohort of youth. METHODS This was a cross sectional study of 485 youth recruited from the 1995 Manitoba birth cohort. The primary outcome, arterial stiffness, was assessed noninvasively using conventional pulse wave analysis and velocity. The primary exposure variables included 1) a measure of cardiometabolic risk, defined as a composite of novel and traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes and 2) self-reported physical activity. RESULTS Neither cardiometabolic risk factor clustering, nor physical activity were associated with either measure of arterial stiffness in this cohort of youth 12-14 years. Cardiometabolic risk decreased with increasing levels of vigorous physical activity, (P < .05) and increased with increasing body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Cardiometabolic risk factor clustering and physical activity are not associated with arterial stiffness in youth 12-14 years of age. Increased vigorous physical activity is associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk in youth independent of body mass index.
Binary Star Differential Photometry Using the Adaptive Optics System at Mount Wilson Observatory

We present photometric and astrometric results for 36 binary systems observed with the natural guide star adaptive optics system of the Mount Wilson Institute on the 100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker Telescope. The measurements consist of differential photometry in U, B, V, R, and I filters along with astrometry of the relative positions of system components. Magnitude differences were combined with absolute photometry found in the literature of the combined light for systems to obtain apparent magnitudes for the individual components at standard bandpasses, which in turn led to color determinations and spectral types. The combination of these results with Hipparcos parallax measurements yielded absolute magnitudes and allowed us to plot the components on an H-R diagram. To further examine the reliability and self-consistency of these data, we also estimated system masses from the spectral types.
The T‐cell fingerprint of MALT1 paracaspase revealed by selective inhibition

Mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) is essential for immune responses triggered by antigen receptors but the contribution of its paracaspase activity is not fully understood. Here, we studied how MALT1 proteolytic function regulates T‐cell activation and fate after engagement of the T‐cell receptor pathway. We show that MLT‐827, a potent and selective MALT1 paracaspase inhibitor, does not prevent the initial phase of T‐cell activation, in contrast to the pan‐protein kinase C inhibitor AEB071. However, MLT‐827 strongly impacted cell expansion after activation. We demonstrate this is the consequence of profound inhibition of IL‐2 production as well as reduced expression of the IL‐2 receptor alpha subunit (CD25), resulting from defective canonical NF‐κB activation and accelerated mRNA turnover mechanisms. Accordingly, MLT‐827 revealed a unique transcriptional fingerprint of MALT1 protease activity, providing evidence for broad control of T‐cell signaling pathways. Altogether, this first report with a potent and selective inhibitor elucidates how MALT1 paracaspase activity integrates several T‐cell activation pathways and indirectly controls gamma‐chain receptor dependent survival, to impact on T‐cell expansion.
Nuclear structure of the thalamus of the ferret

The anatomy of the thalamus has been described in many species, including a number of Carnivora (for reviews of the literature, see Rioch, '29; Kappers, Huber and Crosby, '36; Walker, '38a; Toncray and Krieg, '46). So far, no study of the thalamus of the ferret has been published, despite the fact that this animal has frequently been used in neuro-endocrinologic investigations, the results of which have suggested that this part of the brain may be concerned in the control of the function of the anterior pituitary gland (see for example, Donovan and Harris, '56; Donovan and van der Werff ten Bosch, '56; Herbert and Zuckerman, '57, '58). In the absence of any detailed description of the thalamus of this species, experimental work has frequently lacked a firm anatomical basis. This paper deals with the structure of the thalamus and epithalamus of the ferret, that of the hypothalamus having already been studied by Westwood ('62).
APLIKASI METODE SAM'IYAH SYAFAWIYAH DALAM PENGAJARAN KALAM (BAHASA ARAB) SISWA KELAS VIII DI MTsN NGEMPLAK SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aplikasi metode sam'iyah syafawiyah yang digunakan dalam pengajaran kalam siswa kelas VIII di MTsN Ngemplak serta untuk mengetahui faktor pendorong dan penghambatnya dalam pengajaran kalam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) berupa penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif . pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif yaitu setelah data terkumpul kemudian diklasifikasikan sesuai dengan masalah yang dibahas, dianalisis isinya kemudian diinterpretasikan dan diberi kesimpulan. Metode berpikir yang digunakan metode induktif yaitu suatu metode berpikir dari hal-hal yang bersifat khusus kemudian ditarik fakta yang bersifat umum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Aplikasi metode sam'iyah syafawiyah dalam pengajaran kalam siswa kelas VIII di MTsN Ngemplak dilakukan dengan cara guru memberi pelajaran dengan melafalkan hiwar siswa mendengarkan materi yang dibacakan guru, setelah itu menyuruh siswa menirukan apa yang diucapkan guru dengan baik. Pada akhir pelajaran siswa disuruh mendemonstrasikan materi yang telah diajarkan secara berpasangan. (2) Faktor pendukung aplikasi metode sam'iyah syafawiyah dalam pengajaran kalam siswa kelas VIII di MTsN Ngemplak yaitu: a) faktor materi yang menggunakan bahasa Arab, b) guru bahasa Arab yang berkompetensi, c) media pembelajaran yang masih dalam proses, d) keberanian mengucapkan meskipun salah. Sedangkan faktor penghambat aplikasi metode sam'iyah syafawiyah dalam pengajaran kalam siswa kelas VIII di MTsN Ngemplak yaitu: a) faktor latar belakang pendidikan siswa yang beragam sehingga kemampuan berbahasa Arab siswa juga beragam, b) kurangnya media pembelajaran. div
Co-occurrence of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in cereals and peanuts from Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract This survey examined 30 samples of rice (n = 10), maize (n = 10) and peanuts (n = 10) from Côte d’Ivoire for aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and zearalenone using immunoassays, and ochratoxin A using a validated HPLC method with fluorescence detection. In Côte d’Ivoire, as in other countries, several mycotoxins are present in the same commodities. These mycotoxins are from different structural families: aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, zearalenone and ochratoxin A, normally produced by fungal species from Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera. Some samples contained four mycotoxins (86%). Four peanuts samples did not show ochratoxin A (14%), whereas they contained aflatoxin B1 concentrations above the EU regulatory limits. Concentrations of ochratoxin A, zearalenone and fumonisin B1 were low and may not cause problems per se; however, fears remain that the tolerable daily intake may be exceeded due to eating habits and synergistic effects could be important with the combination of several mycotoxins. Investigations in this direction are underway, together with isolation and characterization of the fungal species involved.
Effective and Real-time In-App Activity Analysis in Encrypted Internet Traffic Streams

The mobile in-App service analysis, aiming at classifying mobile internet traffic into different types of service usages, has become a challenging and emergent task for mobile service providers due to the increasing adoption of secure protocols for in-App services. While some efforts have been made for the classification of mobile internet traffic, existing methods rely on complex feature construction and large storage cache, which lead to low processing speed, and thus not practical for online real-time scenarios. To this end, we develop an iterative analyzer for classifying encrypted mobile traffic in a real-time way. Specifically, we first select an optimal set of most discriminative features from raw features extracted from traffic packet sequences by a novel Maximizing Inner activity similarity and Minimizing Different activity similarity (MIMD) measurement. To develop the online analyzer, we first represent a traffic flow with a series of time windows, which are described by the optimal feature vector and are updated iteratively at the packet level. Instead of extracting feature elements from a series of raw traffic packets, our feature elements are updated when a new traffic packet is observed and the storage of raw traffic packets is not required. The time windows generated from the same service usage activity are grouped by our proposed method, namely, recursive time continuity constrained KMeans clustering (rCKC). The feature vectors of cluster centers are then fed into a random forest classifier to identify corresponding service usages. Finally, we provide extensive experiments on real-world Internet traffic data from Wechat, Whatsapp, and Facebook to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach. The results show that the proposed analyzer provides high accuracy in real-world scenarios, and has low storage cache requirement as well as fast processing speed.
Efficacy and sensitivity of axial scans and different reconstruction methods in the study of the ulcerated carotid plaque using multidetector-row CT angiography: comparison with surgical results.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carotid plaque ulceration is an important risk factor for stroke, and its diagnosis may be very important to plan a correct therapeutic approach. We hypothesized that axial scans and various reconstruction methods could have different specificity and sensitivity in the study of plaque ulceration. The object of this study was to evaluate their role and diagnostic efficacy in patients with carotid plaque complicated by ulceration through the comparison with surgical results. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2004 to November 2005, 109 patients who underwent a carotid endarterectomy were analyzed using CT angiography for a total of 218 carotid arteries. We assessed every carotid for the presence of ulcerations. For each patient axial image, maximum intensity projection (MIP), multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), shaded surface display (SSD), and volume rendering (VR) reconstructions were obtained. RESULTS Multidetector row CT angiography (MDCT) found 32 ulcerations; surgical confirmation underlined an overall 93.9% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.858-1.021), and a 98.7% specificity (95% CI, 0.961-1.012). Axial scans and volume rendering images demonstrated the highest sensitivity (90.9% and 87.9%, respectively); SSD, on the contrary, showed the lowest sensitivity: 39.4% (95% CI sensitivity, 0.227-0.561). CONCLUSION Axial scans plus VR reconstruction techniques offer superior depiction of carotid plaque ulceration compared with MIP, MPR, and SSD.
Predicting Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient in Natural Streams Using M5′ Model Tree

AbstractThe longitudinal dispersion coefficient is a key parameter in determining the distribution of pollution concentration, especially in temporally time-varying source cases after full cross-sectional mixing has occurred. Several studies have been performed to present simple formulas to predict it. However, they may not always result in an accurate prediction because of the complexity of the phenomenon. In this study, a M5′ model tree was used to develop a new model for predicting the longitudinal dispersion coefficient. The main advantages of the model trees are that (1) they provide transparent formulas and offer more insight into the obtained formulas and (2) they are more convenient to develop and employ compared with other soft computing methods. To develop the model tree, extensive field data sets consisting of hydraulic and geometrical characteristics of different rivers were used. By using error measures, the performance of the model was also compared with the performance of other existing equ.
Calculation of phonon spectrum and thermal properties in suspended aOE ( c ) 100 > In ( X ) Ga 1X As nanowires

The phonon spectra in zinc blende InAs, GaAs and their ternary alloy nanowires (NWs) are computed using an enhanced valence force field (EVFF) model. The physical and thermal properties of these nanowires such as sound velocity, elastic constants, specific heat (Cv), phonon density of states, phonon modes, and the ballistic thermal conductance are explored. The calculated transverse and longitudinal sound velocities in these NWs are ∼25% and 20% smaller compared to the bulk velocities, respectively. The Cv for NWs are about twice as large as the bulk values due to higher surface to volume ratio (SVR) and strong phonon confinement in the nanostructures. The temperature dependent Cv for InAs and GaAs nanowires show a cross-over at 180°K due to higher phonon density in InAs nanowires at lower temperatures. With the phonon spectra and Landauer’s model the ballistic thermal conductance is reported for these III–V NWs. The results in this work demonstrate the potential to engineer the thermal behavior of III–V NWs.
A Study on Pre-Emptive Analgesic Effect of Intravenous Paracetamol in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgeries (FESSs): A Randomized, Double-Blinded Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is associated with significant post-operative pain. Intravenous (iv) paracetamol provides pain relief in most patients who have undergone FESS. In some studies, it was found to be inadequate. It has been observed from previous studies conducted on patients undergoing other surgeries like abdominal surgeries that the analgesic efficacy of iv paracetamol improves when used Pre-emptively. There are no studies done previously on use of iv paracetamol Pre-emptively in FESS. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to determine the post-operative analgesic effects of Pre-emptive intravenous (iv) paracetamol in FESS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following institutional ethics committee approval, thirty nine American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I-II patients were assigned in a randomized manner into two groups: Group I received iv paracetamol 1g, in 100mL, 15 minutes before induction and Group II received iv paracetamol 1g, in 100 mL, at the end of the surgery. The time to first analgesic use and the total analgesic consumed in 24 hours was recorded. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were obtained from all patients at 0, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the end of the Surgery. RESULTS Time to first analgesic requirement was significantly longer in Group I compared to Group II (p = 0.0329). Rescue analgesic consumption and post-operative VAS pain scores recorded were significantly lower in Group I compared to Group II (p < 0.05) until 24 after surgery. CONCLUSION Pre-emptive iv paracetamol in comparison to intra-operative paracetamol, provided effective and reliable post-operative analgesia after FESS.
Versive eye movements elicited by cortical stimulation of the human brain

We studied the eye movements (EM) elicited by electrical stimulation of the frontal lobe in 19 awake patients evaluated with subdural electrodes for epilepsy surgery. All patients had only contralateral conjugated EM. They were saccadic in 16 patients (84%). Head version, always following the eye deviation, occurred in 11 patients (58%). We also determined the eye field somatotopic distribution analyzing the responses obtained from the electrodes adjacent to the eye fields. All patients had motor cortex contiguous to the eye fields. In 17 patients (90%) the eye fields were located in front or at the level of the motor representation. There was no silent cortex between the motor strip and the eye fields.
A serial mediation model of workplace social support on work productivity: the role of self-stigma and job tenure self-efficacy in people with severe mental disorders

Abstract Purpose: Compared to groups with other disabilities, people with a severe mental illness face the greatest stigma and barriers to employment opportunities. This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between workplace social support and work productivity in people with severe mental illness working in Social Enterprises by taking into account the mediating role of self-stigma and job tenure self-efficacy. Method: A total of 170 individuals with a severe mental disorder employed in a Social Enterprise filled out questionnaires assessing personal and work-related variables at Phase-1 (baseline) and Phase-2 (6-month follow-up). Process modeling was used to test for serial mediation. Results: In the Social Enterprise workplace, social support yields better perceptions of work productivity through lower levels of internalized stigma and higher confidence in facing job-related problems. When testing serial multiple mediations, the specific indirect effect of high workplace social support on work productivity through both low internalized stigma and high job tenure self-efficacy was significant with a point estimate of 1.01 (95% CI = 0.42, 2.28). Conclusions: Continued work in this area can provide guidance for organizations in the open labor market addressing the challenges posed by the work integration of people with severe mental illness. Implications for Rehabilitation: Work integration of people with severe mental disorders is difficult because of limited access to supportive and nondiscriminatory workplaces. Social enterprise represents an effective model for supporting people with severe mental disorders to integrate the labor market. In the social enterprise workplace, social support yields better perceptions of work productivity through lower levels of internalized stigma and higher confidence in facing job-related problems.