Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Vitex agnus-castus L.: A review

Vitex agnus-castus L. , known as the chaste tree, is a small deciduous tree which its fruits have been used for more than 2500 years in ancient Egypt, Greece, Iran, and Rome for a variety of gynecologic problems. It has also been used for its claimed activity in the reduction of libido. The German health authorities have approved the use of V. agnus-castus for menstrual cycle irregularities, premenstrual syndrome, mastalgia, and menopausal disorders. The German Commission E recommended 30–40 mg/day of extract of dried fruit which is standardized based on 0.6% casticin. Scientific studies confirmed several pharmaceutical effects of this medicinal plant including antioxidant, chemopreventive, immunomodulatory and cytotoxicity, tumoricidal, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, antifungal, insect repellant, larvicidal, fracture healing, osteopenic, antinociceptive, opioidergic, antiepileptic, preventing nonalcoholic fat liver disease and oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory activities. Adverse effects following by application of this plant are mild and reversible. There are no drug interactions recognized by systematic reviews. Theoretically, chaste tree could interfere with dopaminergic antagonists. In addition, the application of V. agnus-castus is contraindicated (or should be avoided) during pregnancy due to theoretical opinions and cellular studies that exhibited progesteronic and estrogenic properties of the plant. This study provides the documentation for scientists to use the properties of V. agnus-castus as an effective herbal medicine and its safety and acceptable dosage are discussed. Advanced preclinical and clinical investigations for sufficiently assessing the safety and therapeutic efficacy of V. agnus-castus are recommended.
Cutaneous Cytokine Expression: Induction by Chemical Allergen and Paracrine Regulation

There is increasing evidence that epidermal cytokines play an essential role during the induction of cutaneous immune responses. In the current investigations, we have compared the pattern of cytokines provoked by exposure to allergen with that stimulated by epidermal cytokines and paracrine regulation of cytokine expression. The kinetics of cytokine-induced changes in cutaneous expression of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and IL-6 have been measured at the protein level. These data confirm that exposure to chemical allergen results in the sequential up-regulation of epidermal cytokines, with a rapid and relatively transient induction of TNF-α protein expression, followed by a more sustained increase in IL-6 production. Intradermal administration of recombinant murine TNF-α and IL-1β each stimulated increases in cutaneous IL-6 protein, although with different tempos. Treatment with TNF-α provoked a rapid (within 2 h) increase in IL-6 expression, whereas IL-1β-induced changes in IL-6 had a more delayed tempo. IL-1β-induced IL-6 production was dependent upon expression of TNF-α such that systemic pretreatment of mice with neutralizing anti-TNF-α antibody markedly inhibited the subsequent induction of cutaneous IL-6 induced by intradermal injection of IL-1β. Thus, intradermal administration of IL-1β apparently induces a similar sequence of events in the skin to that provoked by topical exposure to allergen: up-regulation of IL-6 in a TNF-α-dependent manner. However, treatment with neither allergen nor TNF-α affected the total cumulative levels of cutaneous IL-1β. These data demonstrate that topical exposure to allergen results in the ordered expression of key epidermal cytokines and that the increased bioavailability of each cytokine in turn regulates subsequent cytokine expression. Furthermore, these data suggest that it is the availability of bioactive IL-1β, not changes in total IL-1β expression in the skin, that is the critical factor in IL-1β-dependent events occurring following topical exposure to allergen.
Professional Risk and Working with People: Decision-Making in Health, Social Care and Criminal Justice

Lesley Hughes with Paul Cooper combine their insight into the condition as research psychologists, complemented by her longstanding commitment to interprofessional education and practice, to devise strategies, in the carefully chosen words of their subtitle, which include teachers, parents and other professionals. If ‘‘other’’ is at first confined to schoolteachers, special educational needs coordinators and classroom assistants, it is extended later to include also those in medical and social services. Citing UK policies statements, the authors press for closer collaboration with children and their families generally, and for children with ADHD in particular. Their case is incontrovertible: arguing that ADHD, albeit primarily an educational issue, is better understood from a variety of professional perspectives in its biological and social environment; noting its co-incidence with social isolation, accidental injury and psychological disturbance; acknowledging the limitations of medication alone; and exposing lack of agreement between parents and the various professionals prompting conflicting responses. The message is clear: no school and no teacher, however resourceful, can cope alone with diverse and multiple problems presented by the child with ADHD. Nor must it be reduced, however real, to no more than a management problem in the classroom. Yet, as Hughes and Cooper confirm, evidence of effective collaborative working with these children and their families remains the exception and guidelines lacking. They come to the rescue, constructing a framework for collaboration incorporating well-tried models, familiar to many readers of this Journal, enriched and enlivened with case studies. Affordable, accessible, informative and well grounded, this book demystifies a complex condition. In so doing, it empowers professionals (including parents) to respond positively and collectively to situations that may otherwise overwhelm. Addressed primarily to schoolteachers, it may most frequently be of help to them, but more so to practitioners from those other professions who, because they may encounter ADHD less often, may have even greater need of guidance. Addressed primarily to schools, it may encourage them to reach out to include others in collaboration, others for whom the book is no less relevant if they are to respond effectively.
Occupational Therapy for Children with Acquired Brain Injury: A Survey of Current Practice

This survey aimed to describe current occupational therapy practice for children with acquired brain injury in the Trent Region. Forty-three paediatric occupational therapists were sent questionnaires. Information was requested on referral patterns, amount of patient contact time, use of specific care pathways, assessments and the nature of interventions used, as well as contact with educational services. Eighteen therapists replied and their responses illustrated the difficulties involved in providing a service for this population. The therapists reported low referral rates, service pressures, difficulty in obtaining specialist paediatric equipment and inadequate training. It is suggested that services should provide and network with appropriate training for therapists, and continue the development of care pathways and outcome measures.
Biomimetic Software Engineering Techniques for Dependability

The powerful information processing capabilities of computers have made them an indispensable part of our modern societies. As we become more reliant on computers and want them to handle more critical and difficult tasks it becomes important that we can depend on the software that controls them. Methods that help ensure software dependability is thus of utmost importance. While we struggle to keep our software dependable despite its increasing complexity, even the smallest biological system in nature shows features of dependability. This thesis applies ideas from and algorithms modeled after biological systems in the research for and development of dependable software. Based on a theory of software development focusing on the internal models of the developer and how to support their refinement we present a design for an interactive software development workbench where a biomimetic system searches for test sequences. A prototype of the workbench has been implemented and evaluated in a case study. It showed that the system successfully finds tests that show faults in both the software and its specification. Like biological systems in nature exploits a niche in the environment the biomimetic search system exploits the behavior of the software being developed. In another study we applied genetic programming to evolve programs for an embedded control system. Although the procedure did not show much potential for use in real fault-tolerant software, the program variants could be used to visualize the difficulty of the problem domain, explore the effects of design decisions and trade off requirements. Taken together the works in this thesis support the claim that biomimetic algorithms can be used to explore requirements, design and test spaces in early software engineering phases and thus help in building dependable software.
Analisis Pola Hubungan Kerugian Negara Akibat Korupsi dengan Demografi Koruptor

Masalah korupsi bukan lagi masalah baru dalam persoalan hukum dan ekonomi bagi suatu negara. Hasil survei Transparansi Internasional Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia merupakan negara terkorup nomor 6 dari 133 negara. Berdasarkan informasi dari Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia (Polri), kasus korupsi meningkat sebesar 52,8 persen dari tahun 2011 hingga 2012. Meningkatnya kasus korupsi dan dampak dari tahun ke tahun membuat penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian tentang kasus korupsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik demografi kasus dugaan korupsi yang terjadi di Jawa Timur, signifikansi dependensi besarnya kerugian negara akibat korupsi dengan variabel demografi koruptor di Jawa Timur, dan pola hubungan kerugian negara akibat korupsi dengan demografi koruptor di Jawa Timur. Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah kerugian Negara, usia, jenis kelamin, daerah kejaksaan, pekerjaan, dan pendidikan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah statistika deskriptif, analisis korespondensi, dan analisis model log linear. Hasil statistika deskriptif menerangkan bahwa mayoritas koruptor di Jawa Timur melakukan korupsi antara 100 juta hingga 1 Milyar Rupiah sebesar 47 persen. Kerugian Negara memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan usia, daerah kejaksaan, pekerjaan, dan pendidikan.
Cultural Safety Training for Health Professionals Working with Indigenous Populations in Montreal, Québec

Urban Indigenous populations face some of the most significant barriers to access to health services out of any population in Canada. The Indigenous community in Montreal developed a cultural safety training program to help decrease some of these barriers. An extensive review of published literature on cultural safety in health care was performed. A training program was developed to: describe the diversity of Indigenous populations in Montreal; explain historic and present-day determinants of health inequities in this population; develop competencies to respect clients’ diversity and promote cultural safety in care. A pre-test survey was circulated to participants to establish baseline knowledge and attitudes towards Indigenous populations. The program was divided into 3 half-day sessions. After each session, a satisfaction evaluation grid survey was circulated to participants. The Indigenous Cultural Safety Training Program was presented to a total of 45 nurses, social workers, and physicians with frequent interactions with the Indigenous community in Montréal. Having an Elder and community member present appeared to have been successful in increasing participants level of awareness of the importance of improving the quality of health care services provided. Challenges were identified regarding the transmission of the political aspect of the cultural safety concept, and the importance of decolonizing health care systems. Reflections on how to address these in the future will be discussed. Cultural safety training for health professionals is challenging, yet, a necessity to improve access to care and improve health outcomes in urban Indigenous populations.
Response of ecosystem intrinsic water use efficiency and gross primary productivity to rising vapor pressure deficit

Elevated vapor pressure deficit (VPD) due to drought and warming is well-known to limit canopy stomatal and surface conductance, but the impacts of elevated VPD on ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP) are less clear. The intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), defined as the ratio of carbon (C) assimilation to stomatal conductance, links vegetation C gain and water loss and is a key determinant of how GPP will respond to climate change. While it is well-established that rising atmospheric CO2 increases ecosystem iWUE, historic and future increases in VPD caused by climate change and drought are often neglected when considering trends in ecosystem iWUE. Here, we synthesize long-term observations of C and water fluxes from 28 North American FLUXNET sites, spanning eight vegetation types, to demonstrate that ecosystem iWUE increases consistently with rising VPD regardless of changes in soil moisture. Another way to interpret this result is that GPP decreases less than surface conductance with increasing VPD. We also project how rising VPD will impact iWUE into the future. Results vary substantially from one site to the next; in a majority of sites, future increases in VPD (RCP 8.5, highest emission scenario) are projected to increase iWUE by 5%–15% by 2050, and by 10%–35% by the end of the century. The increases in VPD owing to elevated global temperatures could be responsible for a 0.13% year−1 increase in ecosystem iWUE in the future. Our results highlight the importance of considering VPD impacts on iWUE independently of CO2 impacts.
ComplexNetGIS: a tool for the analysis of complex spatial networks

ComplexNetGIS, an integrated ArcGIS® tool, was developed based on demand for a specific instrument to implement analyses on large spatial networks. ComplexNetGIS helps to integrate the analysis provided by Complex Network Theory together with tools for geographical visualization and analysis. Due to the wide application of Complex Network Theory to different fields of research, ComplexNetGIS can be useful in different areas ranging from studies in applied physics to the analysis of facilities management and transportation planning.
Masakarí: VOCABULÁRIO MAXAKALI DE CURT NIMUENDAJU

L'A. rapporte un travail inedit de Curt Nimuendaju sur la langue maxacali (ou masakari), langue appartenant a la famille maxakali, tronc linguistique macro-je. En 1939, C. Nimuendaju recueillit du materiel lexical aupres d'indiens maxakali (nord-est de Minas Gerais, Bresil) duquel il fit l'analyse phonologique et pour lequel il proposa une traduction en allemand et en portugais et une transcription a l'aide de l'Alphabet Phonetique International
Employee Turnover Intention: The role of perceived organizational support and stress

Managing turnover is quite difficult these days. Organizations competing with each other to hire the best available employees. They also need to keep their best performers from leaving. That is why organizations should identify their employee intention to leave. This study examines the relationships among perceived organizational support (POS), job stress, and turnover intention among plantation employees in Irian Province. Operating in remote area and facing cultural differences organization has its own challenges to manage their human resources. A total of 117 participants from various jobs in one organization participated. Job stress was found to be a mediator of the POS and turnover intention relations. Surprisingly, we found no significant relation of POS and turnover intention. However, the study found a positive relation between POS and job stress while job stress and turnover found to had a negative relationship. Results of the study suggest that organizations should provide enough support for their employees in order to reduce the level of stress which then would decrease the intention to leave. Keywords—perceived organizational support; work stress;
The impact on patients and parents of their involvement in the training of healthcare professionals

The focus of this paper is the impact on patients and parents of being involved in training events for health professionals. A review of the literature is presented and reveals that most studies have previously focused on the impact for the audience of patient and carer involvement in training. Following this review the authors report on an adolescent eating disorders service that involves patients and their parents in a number of training events and feedback obtained about the impact of involvement on these participants. The feedback was generally positive, both for patients and parents, and a number of themes were highlighted. The paper ends with some questions that may stimulate further investigation in this area. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Habilidades de ordenação temporal em usuários de implante coclear multicanal

O processamento das pistas acusticas dos sons da fala depende da adequada percepcao da frequencia e da duracao dos estimulos enquanto sequencia de eventos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as habilidades de ordenacao temporal em usuarios de IC multicanal. METODO: 14 individuos com audicao normal, formadores do grupo controle equiparados em idade e genero com 14 usuarios de IC, que formaram o grupo experimental, foram avaliados e comparados quanto ao Teste de Padroes de Frequencia (TPF) e Teste de Padroes de Duracao (TPD). RESULTADOS: Os usuarios de IC apresentaram bom desempenho nas tarefas de ordenacao temporal, com resultados medios de 48,7% no TPF e 59,6% no TPD. Para o grupo controle, o desempenho medio no TPF foi de 63,4% e no TPD de 64,6%. Nao foi obtida diferenca significativa estatisticamente entre os resultados dos grupos controle e experimental. CONCLUSAO: O IC proporcionou desempenho favoravel nas tarefas que exigem habilidades de ordenacao temporal para os individuos avaliados neste estudo.
Importance of internal factors for community-managed water and wastewater systems in Cochabamba, Bolivia

ABSTRACT Community management is often seen as part of the solution to increase access to drinking water and wastewater management where municipal services are lacking. This article intends to increase the knowledge regarding self-organized community-managed water and wastewater systems in urban and peri-urban areas. A theory-building case-study approach, including three different neighbourhoods in Bolivia and their respective community-based organizations, was selected. Four prerequisites – leadership, agreed vision, collective action and management – and associated enabling factors connected to three distinct planning and management phases were found to be of major importance for community-managed water and wastewater systems.
Zakat Fund As The Starting Point Of Entrepreneurship In Order to Alleviate Poverty (SDGs Issue)

As known, Indonesia is a nation with the largerst Moslem society in the world. According to data issued by Bappenas, in 2020 the population of Indonesia is predicted about 271,066,400 people (Bappenas: 2018). 85 percent of this population (ca. 230.406.440 people) are Moslems. It shows the huge potential in the acceptance of zakat fund, as an obligation for a Moslem who has qualified in accordance with the provisions of Islam. Since MDGs declared in 2000 (UNRC: 2008) which contains a commitment to accelerate human development and poverty alleviation (8 goals), Indonesia has a strong commitment to achieve the MDGs targets became one of Indonesia’s main priorities. As a continuation of the MDGs program, in 2015, more than 190 world leaders committed to 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Indonesia, 17 SDGs are grouped into 4 part, one of them is poverty alleviation (UNDP Indonesia: 2018). One of the goals for poverty alleviation is explained with the goal number 8, that is decent work and economic growth. And one of the drivers the existence of decent work and economic growth is the growth of entrepreneurship activities.The growth of entrepreneurship can be implemented with the support of funds. One of them come from the distribution of zakat fund acceptance. By terminology, zakat means a certain amount of property that is required by Allah SWT to be given to the mustahik mentioned in the Qur’an. Or it could also mean a certain amount of certain property given to a particular person (Solihin: 2010). There is a fund transfer from muzaki (zakat payer) to mustahik (zakat recipient). With the transfer of funds, there is an expectation that there will be a better life change for mustahik, so that in time they will be becomes muzaki.This activity is expected to occur continously, forming a circle of increasing goodness. And ultimately will improve society wellbeing. To support this paper, the author use a qualitative methods with secondary datas and supported by Tawhidi String Relation (TSR) theory which includes the method of circular causation and IIE (interaction, integration and evolution) method. Keywords : zakat, entrepreneurship, poverty alleviation, SDGs, TSR
Lerner Symmetry: A Modern Treatment

Which policies are protectionist and which ones are not? The Lerner Symmetry Theorem establishes that import tariffs and export taxes are equally protectionist. In this paper we provide a modern treatment of this classical result, highlighting the importance of multinational firms, global imbalances, and imperfect competition. Under perfect competition, the result follows from the separability of consumption and production across countries, ruling out tourism and some forms of multinational firms, but not others. Though we do not require trade balance, the role of initial assets is subtle: our result rules out foreign ownership of domestic assets, but does not constrain domestic ownership of foreign assets. Under imperfect competition, our result effectively rules out all multinational firms. We conclude by discussing the implications for border adjustment taxes. (JEL D41, D43, F13, F14, F23)
ALEF Language Reference Manual

Alef is a concurrent programming language designed for systems software. Excep­ tion handling, process management, and synchronization primitives are implemented by the language. Programs can be written using both shared variable and message passing paradigms. Expressions use the same syntax as C, but the type system is substantially different. Alef supports object-oriented programming through static inheritance and information hiding. The language does not provide garbage collection, so programs are expected to manage their own memory. This manual provides a bare description of the syntax and semantics of the current implementation.