Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observationally constrained modelling of atmospheric oxidation capacity and photochemical reactivity in Shanghai, China

Abstract. An observation-based model coupled to the Master Chemical Mechanism (V3.3.1) and constrained by a full suite of observations was developed to study atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC), OH reactivity, OH chain length, and HOx (= OH + HO2) budget for three different ozone (O3) concentration levels in Shanghai, China. Five months of observation from 1 May to 30 September 2018 showed that 10 days with ozone as the primary pollutant occurred and the days with good air quality (AQI
Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effect of Cajanus cajan in N-Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Liver Damage

N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is a nitrosamine derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic properties which can be found in tobacco smoke, meat and various food products. This study examined the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Cajanus cajan (C. cajan) with respect to hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Administration of NDEA induced hepatotoxicity at 200 mg/kg while C. cajan was administered (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) for 28 days. NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased reduced glutathione (GSH), albumin (ALB), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). C. cajan-treated groups were seen to have significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased ALT and AST and significantly (p < 0.05) increased ALB, GST, GSH, SOD and CAT. The NDEA-treated group also showed a marginal increase in body weight and a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in liver weight. The C. cajan treated groups showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase and decrease respectively in body and liver weights. Histopathological changes also substantiated NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity and the hepatoprotective effect of C. cajan on the liver. The results indicate that C. cajan has the potential to ameliorate NDEA-induced hepatotoxicity.
Synthesis of photosensitive polyimide for liquid crystal alignment under non-polarised UV ageing lamp irradiation and a study on the possible mechanism of alignment

ABSTRACT A new photosensitive polyimide (PI) was successfully synthesised via esterification of PI containing hydroxyl groups with cinnamoyl chloride (CL). The cinnamate (CA) group contents of the PI was up to 90%. The PI films could induce uniform parallel alignment of liquid crystal (LC) molecules after the non-polarised ultraviolet ageing lamp exposure, which reduce the cost significantly compared with polarised ultraviolet light equipment. In addition, the PI exhibited good thermal stability. Meanwhile, the possible mechanism of PI alignment films induced by NPUVL was discussed in some detail. Graphical abstract
Coordination of a triazine ligand with CuII and AgI investigated by spectral, structural, theoretical and docking studies.

Two complexes of 5-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazine (PPTA), namely (ethanol-κO)bis(nitrato-κO)[5-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl-κN)-1,2,4-triazine-κN2]copper(II), [Cu(NO3)2(C14H10N4)(C2H6O)] or [Cu(NO3)2(PPTA)(EtOH)] (1), and bis[μ-5-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazine]-κ3N1:N2,N3;κ3N2,N3:N1-bis[(nitrato-κO)silver(I)], [Ag2(NO3)2(C14H10N4)2] or [Ag2(NO3)2(μ-PPTA)2] (2), were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The X-ray structure analysis of 1 revealed a copper complex with square-pyramdial geometry containing two O-donor nitrate ligands along with an N,N'-donor PPTA ligand and one O-donor ethanol ligand. In the binuclear structure of 2, formed by the bridging of two PPTA ligands, each Ag atom has an AgN3O environment and square-planar geometry. In addition to the four dative interactions, each Ag atom interacts with two O atoms of two nitrate ligands on adjacent complexes to complete a pseudo-octahedral geometry. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the geometry around the Cu and Ag atoms in 1opt and 2opt (opt is optimized) for an isolated molecule is the same as the experimental results. In 1, O-H.O hydrogen bonds form R12(4) motifs. In the crystal network of the complexes, in addition to the hydrogen bonds, there are π-π stacking interactions between the aromatic rings (phenyl, pyridine and triazine) of the ligands on adjacent complexes. The ability of the ligand and complexes 1 and 2 to interact with ten selected biomacromolecules (BRAF kinase, CatB, DNA gyrase, HDAC7, rHA, RNR, TrxR, TS, Top II and B-DNA) was investigated by docking studies. The results show that the studied compounds can interact with proteins better than doxorubicin (except for TrxR and Top II).
Deciphering the Role of V88L Substitution in NDM-24 metallo-β-lactamase

: The New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) is a typical carbapenemase and plays a crucial role in antibiotic-resistance bacterial infection. Phylogenetic analysis, performed on known NDM-variants, classified NDM enzymes in seven clusters. Three of them include a major number of NDM-variants. In this study, we evaluated the role of the V88L substitution in NDM-24 by kinetical and structural analysis. Functional results showed that V88L did not significantly increase the resistance level in the NDM-24 transformant toward penicillins, cephalosporins, meropenem, and imipenem. Concerning ertapenem, E. coli DH5α/NDM-24 showed a MIC value 4-fold higher than that of E. coli DH5α/NDM-1. The determination of the kcat, Km, and kcat/Km values for NDM-24, compared with NDM-1 and NDM-5, demonstrated an increase of the substrate hydrolysis compared to all the β-lactams tested, except penicillins. The thermostability testing revealed that V88L generated a destabilized effect on NDM-24. The V88L substitution occurred in the β-strand and low β-sheet content in the secondary structure, as evidenced by the CD analysis data. In conclusion, the V88L substitution increases the enzyme activity and decreases the protein stability. This study characterizes the role of the V88L substitution in NDM-24 and provides insight about the NDM variants evolution.
Consumption of atmospheric O2 in an Urban Area of Tokyo, Japan derived from continuous observations of O2 and CO2 concentrations and CO2 flux

Abstract. In order to estimate the atmospheric O2 consumption in a megacity, continuous observations of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations and of CO2 flux have been carried out simultaneously at the Yoyogi (YYG) site in middle of Tokyo, Japan since March 2016. An average O2 : CO2 exchange ratio for net turbulent O2 and CO2 fluxes (ORF) between the urban area and the overlying atmosphere was obtained based on an aerodynamic method using the observed O2 and CO2 concentrations. The yearly mean ORF was found to be 1.62, falling within the range of the average OR values of liquid and gas fuels. Seasonally different diurnal ORF cycles at YYG indicated that the consumption of gas fuels was larger in the winter than that in the summer, especially in the morning and late in the evening. By using the ORF and CO2 flux values, the annual mean O2 consumption rate was estimated to be −16.3 μmol m−2 s−1, which is more than 350 times larger than the global mean atmospheric O2 consumption rate (about −4 μmol yr−1), implying that our life in a megacity is far from sustainable from a viewpoint of the conservation of atmospheric O2.
82Rb is the Best Flow Tracer for High-volume Sites

Rubidium-82 is the most well-established cardiac PET flow tracer with over 6 decades of literature. Due to its robust supply, short physical half-life, ease of use, low radiation dose and favorable kinetics it can deliver comprehensive clinical information with minimal risk and maximum convenience to patients and clinical staff. Optimized 82 Rb protocols can deliver high quality myocardial perfusion imaging, functional cardiac images and absolute myocardial blood flow and flow reserve from a single session 30 minutes clinical protocol‒benefiting patient convenience and clinical throughput. In a high volume setting the cost of 82 Rb PET can be dramatically lower than that of alternative PET flow tracers. These factors compound toward 82 Rb as the best PET flow tracer for high-throughput clinics.
The Rampal Power Plant, Ecological Disasters and Environmental Resistance in Bangladesh

ABSTRACT This paper examines the conflict between state and society which surrounds the potential social and environmental impacts of the coal-based Rampal Power Plant in Bangladesh. The project, if implemented, would create a risk of serious social and environmental damage in Bangladesh and would potentially displace impoverished communities. Near Rampal, the world’s largest mangrove forest and a world heritage site – the Sundarbans – is at risk. Rampal brings the inherent contradictions of the vague ‘sustainable development’ slogan into sharp contrast. The ‘environmentalism of the poor’ is offered as an alternative source for solutions to environmental problems.
The influence of regulatory T cells and mobilisation regimens on graft versus malignancy, graft versus host disease and relapse in haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key players in controlling immune responses, limiting autoimmune disease and allergies, and attenuating immune responses to tumours and pathogens. Understanding and harnessing the suppressive effects of Tregs in autologous and allogeneic haematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) transplantation presents a significant challenge due to lack of consensus over optimal markers to uniquely identify Tregs and variation in centre-specific factors including disease mix, conditioning regimens, graft origin and manipulation and prophylaxis and treatment of graft versus host disease (GVHD). This study aimed to determine if CD3+CD4+CD125highCD127lowFoxP3+ Treg quantification, assessed flow cytometrically, in grafts or in the post-transplant peripheral blood of patients who received transplants for malignant disease, could provide a useful predictor for disease relapse in autologous (n=85) and allogeneic patients (n=75) and falling chimerism and/or incidence of GVHD in the latter group. The impact of Treg numbers were quantified in HPC harvests, in transplant grafts and in recipients’ peripheral blood during immune reconstitution. Additionally, a simplified Treg assessment protocol using the marker tumour necrosis factor receptor-2 (TNFR2) with CD3, CD4 and CD25 was assessed. In autologous donors, significantly higher Tregs relative to CD34 HPCs were noted in harvests mobilised with the more novel regimen, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) plus Plerixafor than with G-CSF alone or used in combination with cyclophosphamide. In allogeneic harvests Treg numbers following G-CSF mobilisation were significantly lower than in non-mobilised harvests. Lower absolute Treg numbers in donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) doses were significantly associated with successful outcome in terms of restoration of donor chimerism and resolution of relapse. Cryopreservation of mobilised cells at the time of initial transplant for later use for DLI has thus been incorporated into practice at this Trust as this is expedient in terms of clinical result, convenience and cost. Interestingly although mobilisation regimens influenced Treg levels in harvests, no correlation was apparent between Treg doses transplanted or peripheral blood levels during immune reconstitution post autologous or allogeneic transplantation or with falling chimerism and/or incidence and severity of GVHD in allogeneic patients during the first year post transplant. Extending this follow-up time would be an interesting area of further study as the majority of patients who relapse do so beyond one year.
The Value of Information Literacy: Conceptions of BSc Nursing Students at a UK University

This study investigates the conceptions of information literacy held by student nurses on a BSc Nursing Studies course and asks whether the information skills sessions taught are successful from the students’ viewpoint. Additionally, it compares attitudes to, and use of information literacy within the artificial environment of the university and the ‘real world’ of the nurse as perceived by participants on their clinical and community placements. The inquiry introduces the concept of information literacy and charts its development before discussing it in relation to the changing context of nurse education and evidence-based practice. The research adopts the interpretive paradigm with phenomenography as its methodology. It uses focus groups and twenty-one individual interviews to obtain rich data from a purposive sample of students across the three years of the course. Such data were analysed to produce categories of description representing the collective experience of information literacy across the sample. The thesis questions whether learning to nurse effectively is best achieved through training along traditional lines, education, or a combination of both. For the latter it is imperative to find an appropriate balance between academic and clinical skills. The findings reveal a tension between the academic and clinical aspects of learning to be a nurse which some students struggle to resolve. The study concludes that while information literacy is perceived as part of a nurse’s professional role in supporting evidence-based practice, participant observations suggest that its use is context dependent and variable. The thesis recognizes that the adoption of evidence-based practice may depend on the presence or absence of particular personal and organisational barriers. Suggestions for further research include the relationship between academic and clinical learning, the importance and influence of informal learning, and the nature of the transition from student nurse to autonomous practitioner.
Quantitative determination of water soluble vitamins, minerals and proximate compositions of three varieties of beans in Bauchi State Nigeria

The quantitative determination of water soluble vitamins, minerals and proximate compositions of three varieties of beans in Bauchi State, Nigeria, was carried out in this study. Three varieties of beans which includes one of the most commonly consumed species of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) locally called Kanannade, the least consumed (most rare) specie of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) locally called gayan-gayan and soybean (Glycine max) locally called waken soya found in Bauchi State, Nigeria were analysed. Results for the determination of the proximate composition shows that soybean (Glycine max) among three different samples had the highest protein content (34.21 %), ash content (3.11 %), Crude fat (25.30 %). While Cowpea (kanannade) has the highest Carbohydrate content (58.04 %) and Cowpea (gayan-gayan) has the highest Moisture contents (12.43 %) respectively. Soya bean has the highest contents of vitamin (B1, B3, and B6) for the three water soluble vitamins analysed although the values obtained were less than the recommended dietary allowance recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the Mineral composition of the two species of cowpea beans (Vigna unguiculata), and soybean analysed, soybean had the highest content of most of the mineral elements. The concentration of potassium was found to be very much higher than all the other mineral elements that were determined in all the samples. The results from this analysis shows that the three varieties of beans analyzed were found to be rich in minerals and highly nutritious.Keywords: Vigna unguiculata, Glycine max, vitamins, minerals and proximate composition
A robust clustering algorithm for analysis of composition-dependent organic aerosol thermal desorption measurements

Abstract. One of the challenges of understanding atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) particles stems from its complex composition. Mass spectrometry is commonly used to characterize the compositional variability of OA. Clustering of a mass spectral dataset helps identify components that exhibit similar behavior or have similar properties, facilitating understanding of sources and processes that govern compositional variability. Here, we developed an algorithm for clustering mass spectra, the noise-sorted scanning clustering (NSSC), appropriate for application to thermal desorption measurements of collected OA particles from the Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols coupled to a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (FIGAERO-CIMS). NSSC, which extends the common density-based special clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, provides a robust, reproducible analysis of the FIGAERO temperature-dependent mass spectral data. The NSSC allows for the determination of thermal profiles for compositionally distinct clusters of mass spectra, increasing the accessibility and enhancing the interpretation of FIGAERO data. Applications of NSSC to several laboratory biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) systems demonstrate the ability of NSSC to distinguish different types of thermal behaviors for the components comprising the particles along with the relative mass contributions and chemical properties (e.g., average molecular formula) of each mass spectral cluster. For each of the systems examined, more than 80 % of the total mass is clustered into 9–13 mass spectral clusters. Comparison of the average thermograms of the mass spectral clusters between systems indicates some commonality in terms of the thermal properties of different BSOA, although with some system-specific behavior. Application of NSSC to sets of experiments in which one experimental parameter, such as the concentration of NO, is varied demonstrates the potential for mass spectral clustering to elucidate the chemical factors that drive changes in the thermal properties of OA particles. Further quantitative interpretation of the thermograms of the mass spectral clusters will allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the thermochemical properties of OA particles.
Correlation of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Content of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) (Crassulaceae) Extract with the Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities

Cite this article: Elufioye TO, Olusola DM, Oyedeji AO. Correlation of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Content of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) (Crassulaceae) Extract with the Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities. Pharmacog J. 2019;11(5):1003-9. Phcogj.com Correlation of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Content of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) (Crassulaceae) Extract with the Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities
Doctors and Their Workshops: Economic Models of Physician Behavior

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Surface characterization of polysaccharide scaffolds by inverse gas chromatography regarding application in tissue engineering

Scaffolds are of paramount importance in tissue engineering, providing support for cell attachment and allowing proliferation or differentiation, and production of extracellular matrix. Their surface properties are of major interest since in great part, they determine the biological response to the scaffold. In the present work, three chitosan‐based polyelectrolytes scaffolds, namely, 1:1 chitosan‐alginate (Chit‐Alg), chitosan‐pectin (Chit‐Pect), and chitosan‐carboxymethyl cellulose (Chit‐CMC), were studied with regard to their surface properties by inverse gas chromatography. The dispersive component of the surface energy, a measure of the ability of a material to establish Lifshitz Van der Waals interactions, was 47.8 mJ·m−2 for Chit‐Alg, 36.9 mJ·m−2 for Chit‐Pect, and 38.5 mJ·m−2 for Chit‐CMC (at 40°C). All the scaffolds surfaces had an amphoteric character, however, with an apparent prevalence of Lewis acidity over the Lewis basicity. These results have been interpreted in terms of the influence of the different substituent groups in the polysaccharides backbone. The porosities of the Chit‐Alg, Chit‐Pect, and Chit‐CMC scaffolds, assessed by mercury intrusion porosimetry, were found to be of 98%, 96%, and 84%, respectively.
HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA AQUEOUS EXTRACT AMELIORATES THIOACETAMIDE-INDUCED HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN GUINEA PIGS: ROLE OF AMMONIA EXTRACTION

The current work assessed the preventive and therapeutic potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa “HS” aqueous extract (HSE) on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with the acute liver injury. Method: guinea pigs were divided into: Group 1 (Control group n=24) which wasfurther subdivided into 4 subgroups; Group “1-a” (non-treated); Group “1-b” given HSE for 3 days and sacrificed on the 4th day; Group “1-c” given TAA for 3 days and sacrificed on the 4th day; Group “1-d” given the TAA doses for 3 days and sacrificed on the 7th day; Group 2 (Preventive) given TAA and HSE doses concurrently for 3 days and sacrificed on the 4th day. Group 3 (Therapeutic) given 3-days TAA followed by 3-days HSE doses and sacrificed on the 7th day. Results: Preventive and therapeutic HSE resulted in significant amelioration of the TAA-induced hepatic encephalopathy with faster recovery of animals on the 7th day associated with significant improvement in the biochemical parameters of liver injury including the ammonia extraction ratio indicating functional hepatic improvement. In addition, there was a significant improvement in brain edema. Conclusion: HSE has both preventive and therapeutic effects on TAA-induced hepatic encephalopathy and liver injury in guinea pigs
Self-assembled molecular devices: a minireview

Abstract Self-assembled molecular devices are expected to be the leaders in the next generation of electronic devices due to their good performance and strong scalability. Types of self-assembled molecular devices include self-assembled molecular wires, self-assembled molecular field effect transistors, self-assembled molecular memory, self-assembled molecular switches, and self-assembled molecular rectifiers. In this review, the recent progress on self-assembled molecular devices is described. The achievements on fabrication of high-quality molecular devices by various methods and techniques are firstly introduced, which confirm that the molecular device performance depends largely on the self-assembly systems and materials. Next, important recent achievements on the practicability and scalability of self-assembled molecular devices are presented that form the basis for the commercialization of self-assembled molecular devices. Lastly, critical future challenges are outlined and the prospect of commercialization of self-assembled molecular devices is presented.