Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin AT2 Receptor Agonist Prevents Salt‐Sensitive Hypertension in Obese Zucker Rats

High sodium intake is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of hypertension, especially in obesity. The present study was designed to investigate whether angiotensin type‐2 receptor (AT2R) activation with selective agonist C21 prevents high‐sodium diet (HSD)‐induced hypertension in obese animals. Male obese rats were treated with AT2R agonist C21 (1mg/kg/day, oral) while maintained on either normal‐sodium diet (NSD, 0.4%) or HSD (4%) for 2‐weeks. Radio‐telemetric recording showed a time dependent increase in systolic blood pressure in HSD‐fed obese rats, being maximal increase (~27 mmHg) at day 12 of the HSD regimen. C21 treatment completely prevented the increase in blood pressure in HSD‐fed rats. Compared to NSD controls, HSD‐fed obese rats had greater natriuresis/diuresis, which were further increased by C21 treatment. HSD‐fed rats expressed higher level of cortical Ang II, which was reduced to 50% by C21 treatment. HSD feeding and/or C21 treatment had no effects on cortical renin activity and the expression of ACE and chymase, both AngII producing enzymes. However, Ang(1‐7) concentration and ACE2 activity in the cortex were reduced by HSD feeding, but C21 treatment rescued both the parameters. Also, C21 treatment reduced the cortical expression of AT1R in HSD‐fed rats, but had no effect of AT2R expression. We conclude that chronic treatment with the AT2R agonist C21 prevents salt‐sensitive hypertension in obese animals and a reduction in the renal AngII/AT1R levels may play a potential role in this phenomenon.
Molecular Subtype Analyses of Campylobacter spp. from Arkansas and California Poultry Operations

ABSTRACT Campylobacter isolates from diverse samples within broiler production and processing environments were typed by using flaA short variable region DNA sequence analysis. Sixteen flocks from four different farms representing two broiler producers in Arkansas and California were analyzed. Fourteen of the flocks (87.5%) were Campylobacter-positive; two remained negative throughout the 6-week rearing period. In general, multiple clones were present within a flock. Additionally, clones found within a flock were also present on the final product, although the diversity of Campylobacter spp. on the final product appeared to be reduced relative to that observed within the flock. Comparison of clones between flocks on the same farm revealed that some clones of Campylobacter persisted in multiple flocks. Furthermore, some clones were identified across the two farms that were under the same management. In two sampling periods, environmental isolates were positive for Campylobacter prior to flock shedding. Environmental samples associated with five additional flocks were positive for Campylobacter concomitantly with recovery of Campylobacter from the birds. Analysis of the environmental isolates that were positive prior to flock shedding demonstrated that in some instances the environmental isolates possessed genotypes identical to those of isolates originating from the flock, while in other cases the environmental isolates possessed genotypes that were distantly related to isolates obtained from the flock. Analyses of environmental isolates that tested positive concurrently with the positive isolates from the flocks demonstrated varied results; in some instances the environmental isolates possessed genotypes identical to those of isolates originating from the flock, while in other cases the environmental isolates possessed genotypes that were distantly related to isolates obtained from the flock. These data suggest that the external environment may contribute to Campylobacter contamination during poultry production and processing. However, environmental contamination with Campylobacter does not appear to be the sole contributing factor.
Neonatal vaccination with bacille Calmette-Guérin promotes the dendritic development of hippocampal neurons

Dendritic structure is sensitive to changes in the environment during brain development. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that early immune activation can significantly affect neuronal development. Our study concentrated on the morphological study of neural dendrites and spines in the hippocampal CA1 area using Diolistic labeling with Sholl analysis and fractal analysis. The results revealed that Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination enhanced dendritic complexity, as reflected by the increased number of intersections, number of branch points and fractal dimension, and promoted neurite outgrowth. In addition, BCG increased the density and promoted the maturation of dendritic spines. The alterations in dendritic structure and spine morphology were observed at 2 and 4 w, but the differences were more apparent at 4 w than at 2 w. However, no significant difference was observed at 8 w. Furthermore, we observed that BCG increased the expression of hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Hippocampal BDNF/IGF-1 was positively correlated with apical dendritic length, fractal dimension, and spine density. Taken together, we show in this study that neonatal BCG vaccination promotes dendritic development in developing hippocampal CA1 neurons, most likely by increasing the expression of BDNF and IGF-1 in the hippocampus.
Mutation of the CYP2R1 vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in a Saudi Arabian family with severe vitamin D deficiency.

CONTEXT Inherited forms of vitamin D deficiency are rare causes of rickets and to date have been traced to mutations in three genes, VDR, encoding the 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptor, CYP27B1, encoding the vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase, and CYP2R1, encoding a microsomal vitamin D 25-hydroxylase. RESULTS Multiple mutations have been identified in VDR and CYP27B1 in patients with rickets, and thus, the roles of these two genes in vitamin D metabolism are unassailable. The case is less clear for CYP2R1, in which only a single mutation, L99P in exon 2 of the gene, has been identified in Nigerian families, and because multiple enzymes with vitamin D 25-hydroxylase activity have been identified. Here we report molecular genetic studies on two siblings from a Saudi family who presented with classic symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. The affected offspring inherited two different CYP2R1 mutations (367+1, G→A; 768, iT), which are predicted to specify null alleles. CONCLUSION We conclude that CYP2R1 is a major vitamin D 25-hydroxylase that plays a fundamental role in activation of this essential vitamin.
Measurement and Evaluation for Docker Container Networking

Container technology is a virtualization technology at the operating system level. It is more in line with future data center needs for its lightweight resource management, second-level start-up features. As the bridge between containers, container network plays a very important role in container life cycle system. This paper investigates and analyzes the current status of the development of container network, mainly container network model and network solutions. Besides we design experiments to measure and evaluate the performance of three mainstream network solutions (Flannel, Swarm Overlay, Calico). Our experiments show that Calico is of the highest performance and its TCP throughput is almost the same to host, but the configuration is the most complicated; Flannel configuration is simple, but it is designed for Kubernetes and the performance is not high; Swarm overlay configuration is simple with low performance. For it is originally native to Docker, its potential applications are very considerable.
TREATMENT OF VASOMOTOR RHINITIS WITH INTRANASAL BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE (BECOTIDE®)

The effect of beclomethasone dipropionate (Becotide) intranasally in vasomotor rhinitis has been studied on 39 adult volunteers in a double-blind cross-over study during 9 weeks in February-April 1975. The dose of beclomethasone dipropionate was 300 mug/day. Twenty-five patients preferred the beclomethasone dipropionate period, 5 patients the placebo period, and 9 patients had no preference. About three-quarters (74 per cent) of the patients considered themselves free of symptoms or greatly improved after the treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate. Statistical calculation of the daily nasal symptoms score confirms the improvement. The speediest effect was registered for sneezing, followed by nasal catarrh, nasal itching, and blocking. No changes in the levels of cortisol occurred during the treatment. The bacteriological and mycological findings (analysed with regard to Candida albicans) were fairly constant.
CURVE COMPLEXES OF NON-ORIENTABLE SURFACES

We explore non-orientable surfaces and their associated curve complexes. Studying the combinatorics modeled by the curve complex of a surface helps elucidate the algebraic properties of the mapping class group of the surface. We begin by studying geometric properties of the curve complexes of non-orientable surfaces and the geometric properties of natural sub-complexes of the curve complex. Finally, we prove that the curve complex of a nonorientable surface is homotopy equivalent to a wedge of spheres of possibly different dimensions.
Critical success factors for risk management systems

Despite the existence of extensive literature regarding risk management, there still seems to be lack of knowledge in the identification of critical success factors (CSFs) in this area. In this research, grounded theory is implemented to identify CSFs in risk management systems (RMS). Factor analysis and one‐sample t‐tests are then used to refine and rank the CSFs on the basis of the results of a survey which has been conducted among risk management practitioners in various types of Swedish corporations. CSFs are defined from three different perspectives: (1) the factors that have influence on the inclination and readiness of a corporation for implementing RMS; (2) The factors that are important during the design and implementation of RMS in a corporation and can significantly affect the success of RMS design and implementation; and (3) the factors that are crucially important to successfully run, maintain, and administrate RMS after the closure of the project of RMS design and implementation. A case study of a largely successful RMS is presented and discussed in terms of these key factors. This systematic approach toward understanding the taxonomy of the success dimension in RMS is important for re‐enforcing effective risk management practices.
Cell to substrate adhesion and spreading: Inhibition by cationic anesthetics

The plasma membrane is the postulated site of action of anesthetics on nerve or muscle. The drugs may be useful in the analysis of membrane phenomena in other cells. We show here that cationic anesthetics and tranquilizers inhibit cell adhesion and spreading, metabolically dependent processes that involve membrane motility and changes in cell shape. Adhesion was measured by layering 51Cr labeled Sarcoma I (Sa I) cells on glass coverslips for 20 minutes at 34°C, rinsing and estimating the glass‐associated radioactivity. Spreading was evaluated microscopically. Both cell adhesion to untreated glass and the Mn2+ dependent adhesion to serum‐coated coverslips were inhibited by the drugs, in the following order of increasing activity: tetracaine, promethazine, cyclomethycaine, chlorpromazine and fluphenazine. Similar ranks of drug activity have been reported for nerve blocking, inhibition of cell fusion and inhibition of induced spreading of macrophages. Microscopic observations showed the drugs also inhibited Mn2+ induced spreading of Sa I. Drug treated cells were rounded, refractile, devoid of cell processes or ruffles visible by light microscopy. The effects of the drugs on adhesion and spreading were reversible upon washing of the cells. We postulate that the inhibition of adhesion and spreading are a consequence of the inhibition of cell surface motility by the anesthetics.
Practice Effects in Bimanual Force Control: Does Age Matter?

ABSTRACT The authors examined age-related differences in fine motor control during a bimanual coordination task. The task required the modulation of fingertip forces in the precision grip according to a visually presented sinusoidal antiphase pattern (force range 2–12 N; frequency 0.2 Hz). Thirty-four right-handed participants of three age groups (young, early middle-aged, and late middle-aged) practiced 30 trials of the task. Accuracy and variability of relative timing and relative forces at minima and maxima of the sine wave were analyzed for hand–hand and hand–stimulus couplings and compared between age groups. Analysis showed for relative timing and force weaker hand–hand than hand–stimulus coupling as well as lower accuracy and higher variability for minima as compared to maxima. Further, we analyzed practice effects by comparing the first and last trials and characterized the course of practice by detecting the transition of a steeper to a shallower acquisition slope for the different age groups. Late middle-aged participants demonstrated poorer performance than both other groups for all parameters. All groups improved performance to a similar amount. However, an age-related difference in acquisition strategy is visible. Late middle-aged participants seemed to have focused on improvement of force amplitude, whereas young and early middle-aged focused on timing.
Urolithiasis in dogs V: regional comparisons of breed, age, sex, anatomic location, and mineral type of calculus.

OBJECTIVE To determine extent and nature of regional differences in distribution of canine urinary calculi. SAMPLE POPULATION 13,552 calculus specimens: 7,056 (52.1%) from females, 6,492 (47.9%) from males, and 4 from dogs of unrecorded sex. Procedure Records were used to compile information from all specimens submitted between July 1981 and December 1995. Results from mixed-breed and various breeds of stone-forming dogs were analyzed. Interrelations of breed, sex, and age of dogs, and anatomic location and mineral composition of specimens were analyzed and compared for 6 US geographic regions. RESULTS Struvite-, apatite-, and urate-containing calculi were reported significantly most often from female dogs of the Mountain/Pacific region. Oxalate-, silica-, and brushite-containing calculi were reported significantly most often from male dogs in the New England/mid-Atlantic (NEMA) region. Cystine-containing calculi were reported most frequently from the NEMA and South Central (SC) regions. Dogs from the NEMA region were oldest in average age at diagnosis. Significant regional differences in distribution were found for several breeds. Sex distribution of renal calculi in 11 breeds of dogs (Lhasa Apso, Yorkshire Terrier, Shih Tzu, Basset Hound, Pug, Mastiff, Bichon Frise, Doberman Pinscher, Dalmatian, English Bulldog, and Pekingese) reported to be at high risk of renal lithiasis differed among the 6 geographic regions. Renal and ureteral calculi were reported significantly most often from dogs in the South Atlantic region, and bladder and urethral calculi were reported most often from dogs in the SC region. CONCLUSIONS Wide regional differences exist in distribution of stone-forming dogs by sex, average age at diagnosis, breed, and minerals contained within and anatomic location of calculi.
Design of low complexity GF(2m) multiplier based on Karatsuba algorithm

The multiplication is the basic arithmetic operation of others over the finite field GF(2m) which have widespread applications. In this paper, we analyze the complexity of the classic multiplier mixed Karatsuba multiplier for 2-term polynomials in the finite field GF(2m). By using a method to transform the multiplication operands, we can obtain the complexity of Karatsuba multiplier with any iteration step for any given length m and the constraint when the iteration should be stopped. The results show that this method has a low space complexity and is especially suitable for elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) in which m is suggested to be prime.
Requirement of STAT3 Activation for Differentiation of Mucosal Stratified Squamous Epithelium

STAT3, a member of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family, has been shown to play a key role in promoting proliferation, differentiation, or cell cycle progression, depending on cell type. A number of signaling pathways are altered in laryngeal papillomas, benign tumors induced by human papillomavirus 6/11. Papillomas overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor and display enhanced MAP kinase and PI-3-kinase activity. They also show reduced activation of Akt and reduced levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3, due to overexpression of the tumor suppressor, PTEN. As papillomas show abnormalities in terminal differentiation, we examined the potential role of STAT3 in regulating epithelial differentiation. Laryngeal epithelial cells were suspended in supplemented serum-free medium. Differentiation was measured by Western blot analysis of keratin 13. Normal laryngeal epithelial cells were transfected with a constitutively active STAT3 or a dominant negative STAT3. Cells were transferred to suspension culture 24 h after transfection. Increased expression of keratin 13 was accompanied by the activation of STAT3 when differentiation was induced, and expression of a constitutively active STAT3 (STAT3C) enhanced the expression of keratin 13. In contrast, expression of a dominant negative STAT3 (Y705F) inhibited the expression of keratin 13. We conclude that activation of STAT3 is required for the differentiation of normal human stratified squamous epithelium.
A case of primary osseous malignant immunoblastic B‐cell lymphoma with intracytoplasmic mu lambda immunoglobulin inclusions

Primary malignant lymphoma of bone, so‐called Parker‐Jackson reticulosarcoma, is a rare form of extranodal lymphoma with a relatively good prognosis. It often corresponds to B‐cell lymphoma of high‐grade malignancy. We report a case of mu lambda immunoblastic lymphoma showing two distinctive features: an abundant reactive T‐lymphocytic population and unusual intra‐cytoplasmic inclusions. These inclusions were PAS positive and consisted of monotypic mu lambda immunoglobulin localized in peculiar aggregates of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Their morphological appearances resembled the well‐documented inclusions described in some varieties of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma.
The Emergence of Toxicogenomics

This paper describes the efforts of scientists at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and their allies in the National Toxicology Program to molecularize toxicology by fostering the emergence of a new discipline: toxicogenomics. I demonstrate that the molecularization of toxicology at the NIEHS began in a process of ‘co-construction’. However, the subsequent emergence of the discipline of toxicogenomics has required the deliberate development of communication across the myriad disciplines necessary to produce toxicogenomic knowledge; articulation of emergent forms, standards, and practices with extant ones; management of the tensions generated by grounding toxicogenomics in traditional toxicological standards and work practices even it transforms those standards and practices; and identification and stabilization of roles for toxicogenomic knowledge in markets and service sites, such as environmental health risk assessment and regulation. This paper describes the technological, institutional, and inter-sectoral strategies that scientists have pursued in order to meet these challenges. In so doing, this analysis offers a vista into both the means and meanings of molecularization.
CD 133 allows elaborated discrimination and quantification of haematopoietic progenitor subsets in human haematopoietic stem cell transplants

Stefan Radtke, Andr e G€ orgens, Lambros Kordelas, Markus Schmidt, Klaus R. Kimmig, Angela K€ oninger, Peter A. Horn and Bernd Giebel Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Duisburg, Duisburg, and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Long Noncoding RNA Contributes to the Epigenetic Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Histone methylation is implicated in a number of biological and pathological processes, including cancer development. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism for the recruitment of Polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) and its accessory component, JARID2, to chromatin, which regulates methylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27), during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells. The expression of MEG3 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which could interact with JARID2, was clearly increased during transforming growth factor(TGF)-induced EMT of human lung cancer cell lines. Knockdown of MEG3 inhibited TGF-mediated changes in cell morphology and cell motility characteristic of EMT and counteracted TGF-dependent changes in the expression of EMT-related genes such as CDH1, ZEB family, and the microRNA-200 family. Overexpression of MEG3 influenced the expression of these genes and enhanced the effects of TGFin their expressions. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) revealed that MEG3 regulated the recruitment of JARID2 and EZH2 and histone H3 methylation on the regulatory regions of CDH1 and microRNA-200 family genes for transcriptional repression. RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin isolation by RNA purification assays indicated that MEG3 could associate with JARID2 and the regulatory regions of target genes to recruit the complex. This study demonstrated a crucial role of MEG3 lncRNA in the epigenetic regulation of the EMT process in lung cancer cells.
Effect of bacillus Calmette‐Guérin vaccination on CD4+Foxp3+ T cells during acquired immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Increasing information has shown that many newly emerging strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including the highly prevalent and troublesome Beijing family of strains, can potently induce the emergence of Foxp3+ CD4 Tregs. Although the significance of this is still not fully understood, we have previously provided evidence that the emergence of this population can significantly ablate the protective effect of BCG vaccination, causing progressive fatal disease in the mouse model. However, whether the purpose of this response is to control inflammation or to directly dampen the acquired immune response is still unclear. In the present study, we have shown, using both cell depletion and adoptive transfer strategies, that Tregs can have either properties. Cell depletion resulted in a rapid, but transient, decrease in the lung bacterial load, suggesting release or temporary re‐expansion of effector immunity. Transfer of Tregs into Rag2−/− or marked congenic mice worsened the disease course and depressed cellular influx of effector T cells into the lungs. Tregs from infected donors seemed to preferentially depress the inflammatory response and granulocytic influx. In contrast, those from BCG‐vaccinated and then challenged donors seemed more focused on depression of acquired immunity. These qualitative differences might be related to increasing knowledge reflecting the plasticity of the Treg response.