Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Media and Brand Purchase: Quantifying the Effects of Exposures to Earned and Owned Social Media Activities in a Two-Stage Decision Making Model

Abstract This study investigates the effects of exposures to earned and owned social media activities and their interaction on brand purchase in a two-stage decision model (i.e., likelihood to purchase and the amount purchased offline). Our study is instantiated on a unique single-source dataset of 12-month home-scanned brand purchase records of a group of fast-moving consumer good brands and Facebook brand Fan Page messages related to the brands. We first find that exposures to earned and owned social media activities for brands have significant and positive impacts on consumers’ likelihood to purchase the brands. Their effects are, surprisingly, suppressive on each other. Second, exposures to earned and owned social media activities have almost no impact on the amount purchased offline with presence of in-store promotions. Our study contributes to our knowledge body of social media marketing by demonstrating that social media activities for a brand can foster the consumer base of the brand, but that effort is not necessarily sales-oriented. In addition, our study is conducive to guiding marketers onto the strategic allocation of advertising dollars to online social channels featuring a mixture of earned and owned social media.
PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF THE TUMOR‐LOCALIZING FRACTION OF HPD (HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE)

Abstract— Synthesis of the tumor‐localizing preparation HPD (hematoporphyrin derivative) results in the formation of dimers and oligomers of hematoporphyrin joined by labile linkages. Studies with HPD and an HPD analog containing the chlorin analog of mesoporphyrin suggest the presence of two different linkages, either of which yields a tumor‐localizing product. One such linkage is apparently derived from a hematoporphyrin‐based oligomer present in commercial preparations of hematoporphyrin as an impurity. The other linkage is formed during the chemical steps leading to the conversion of hematoporphyrin to “HPD”.
Miniaturized Wideband Metasurface Antennas

The single- and dual-layer metasurfaces are proposed to miniaturize a low-profile wideband antenna. The single- and dual-layer metasurfaces consist of one and two square patch arrays, respectively, both supported by grounded dielectric substrate to form the waveguided metamaterials. After retrieving the effective refractive index along the propagation direction in the waveguided metamaterial, the effective propagation constant is subsequently derived to initially estimate the resonant frequencies of the dual-mode antenna. With the increased effective refractive index, both the proposed antennas realize the gain greater than 6.5 dBi over the bandwidth of ~30% with a reduced radiating aperture of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.46\lambda _{0} \times 0.46\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and a thickness of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.06\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength at 5.5 GHz). Moreover, the dual-layer metasurface provides more freedom to increase the effective refractive index with achievable gap widths compared with the single-layer metasurface.
Production of fibronectin by human tumor cells and interaction with exogenous fibronectin: Comparison of cell lines obtained from colon adenocarcinomas and squamous carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract

Cell lines derived from 13 different human colon adenocarcinomas were examined for production of fibronectin by ELISA and for cell‐surface expression of fibronectin by indirect immunofluorescence. Two squamous epithelial cell lines obtained from tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract were used as controls. None of the 13 colon carcinoma lines produced detectable amounts of fibronectin or showed detectable cell‐surface staining with anti‐fibronectin. The 2 squamous epithelial cell lines, in contrast, produced large amounts of fibronectin which could be detected in the culture medium and bound to the substratum. The squamous carcinoma cells also stained brightly when examined in the viable state by immunofluorescence with anti‐fibronectin. In addition to being studied for fibronectin production, each cell line was also examined for the ability to interact with exogenous fibronectin in an adhesion assay. None of the colon carcinoma cells were adherent to fibronectin‐coated culture dishes while the 2 squamous carcinoma cells rapidly attached and spread on this substratum. These data suggest that cell lines derived from adenocarcinomas of the colon are deficient in production of fibronectin and in their ability to interact with exogenous fibronectin. In their degree of deficiency, the colon carcinoma cells are significantly different from several different types of human tumor cell. The failure of the colon carcinoma cells to synthesize detectable amounts of fibronectin endogenously or to interact with exogenous fibronectin may explain, in part, the low degree of adhesive interaction which these cells have for their substratum. This, in turn, may influence the in vitro and in vivo properties of colon carcinoma cells.
The mechanism of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: the tale of two channels

Hypoxia causes constriction in small pulmonary arteries and dilatation in systemic arteries. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is an important mechanism by which pulmonary blood flow is controlled in the fetus and by which local lung perfusion is matched to ventilation in the adult. HPV reduces the flow of desaturated blood through underventilated areas of lung. Even though many vasoactive substances have been examined as possible mediators of HPV, these appear more likely to be modulators than mediators. Hypoxic contraction has been demonstrated in single pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells (PVSMC). The ability to sense changes in oxygen tension is observed in PVSMC and type 1 cells of the carotid body. In both cells, hypoxia has been shown to inhibit an outward potassium current, thus causing membrane depolarization and calcium entry through the voltage‐dependent calcium channels. In both cells there is evidence to suggest that changes in the redox status of the oxygen‐sensitive potassium channel or channels may control current flow, so that the channel is open when oxidized and closed when reduced. The redox status may be determined by the effects of hypoxia on mitochondrial/peroxisomal function or on the activity of an oxidase similar to NAD(P)H oxidase. More studies are needed to precisely define the individual potassium channels responsive to hypoxia and to confirm the gating mechanism. In systemic arteries hypoxia causes an increased current through ATP‐dependent potassium channels and vasodilatation, whereas in the pulmonary arteries hypoxia inhibits potassium current and causes vasoconstriction. —Weir, E. K. , Archer, S. L. The mechanism of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: the tale of two channels. FASEB J. 9, 183–189 (1995)
Greening the automotive supply chain: a relationship perspective

Purpose – This study seeks to explore the moderating impact of relationship conditions existing between a customer and its suppliers on the uptake and effectiveness of the customer's environmental performance requirements (otherwise known as “green‐supply”). Design/methodology/approach – The study assesses the extent to which a supplier's environmental performance is influenced by its customer's environmental performance requirements when specific relationship conditions (investment, contracting and monitoring routines) are taken into account. Data were collected through a survey of first and second tier component manufacturers in the Australian automotive industry and analysed using linear regression and MMR.Findings – Suppliers were found to be more responsive to their customers' environmental performance requirements where increasing levels of relationship‐specific investment occurred. As the level of investment in the customer‐supplier relationship increased, suppliers become less likely to believe tha.
Sympathetic skin response abnormalities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

The sympathetic skin response (SSR) was evaluated in 25 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to assess for involvement of the autonomic nervous system. Twenty‐two age‐matched normals and 6 patients with muscular dystrophy served as controls. The SSR was intact in all normal volunteers and all patients with muscular dystrophy. The mean SSR latency in the ALS patients was prolonged compared to that of normals (2.29 ± 0.28 versus 2.13 ± 0.16 s, P > 0.05). The SSR was absent in one or both legs of 10 ALS patients (40%). Absence or abnormal latency of SSR in patients with ALS without clinical findings of autonomic failure suggests involvement of the autonomic nervous system in addition to the motor system. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Gasoline prices and motor vehicle fatalities

Fatal motor vehicle crashes per capita remained relatively stable over the 1990s, in spite of new traffic safety laws and vehicle innovations. One explanation for this stability is that the price of gasoline declined, which resulted in more vehicle miles traveled and potentially more fatalities. By using 1983-2000 monthly gasoline price and fatality panel data and fixed effects specifications, this study exploits within-state variation over time in gasoline prices and found that a 10-cent decrease in gasoline prices increased motor vehicle fatalities by 2.3 percent over a 2-year period. The effect on higher-risk younger adults is more than twice as large. The secular decline in real gasoline prices over the 1990s may partially explain why motor vehicle fatalities per capita have not decreased even with the adoption of more stringent state policies. © 2004 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
What Is M&A Performance?

Executive Overview This paper examines the concept of acquisition performance, proposing a model linking task-, transaction-, and firm-level constructs under different time horizons and testing it with a unique dataset created by surveying partners and directors of a major consulting firm advising on the postacquisition integration process of 146 acquisitions across industries and geographies. Results of factor and structural equations analysis reveal that (a) MA there is no one overarching factor capturing all the different ways used to proxy it, (b) there is a path linking integration process performance to long-term firm performance (both accounting and financial returns) via customer retention and overall synergy realization, and (c) short-term window event studies are not linked to any of the other performance metrics. Implications are drawn and recommendations made for theory development, research design, and data analysis in future studies of acquisition pe.
Factors Influencing the Engagement of White Undergraduates Attending Public Historically Black Universities.

Title of Document: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ENGAGEMENT OF WHITE UNDERGRADUATES ATTENDING PUBLIC HISTORICALLY BLACK UNIVERSITIES Joelle Isabeth Davis Carter, Doctor of Philosophy, 2010 Directed By: Associate Professor, Dr. Sharon Fries-Britt Department of Education Leadership, Higher Education, and International Studies (EDHI) The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence the engagement of White, undergraduate students attending public HBCUs. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have experienced an increase in White, undergraduate student enrollment since the early 1980s (American Association of University Professors, 2007; Libarkin, 1984; Standley, 1978). Student engagement has been consistently linked to positive student outcomes such as cognitive and social development, college adjustment, and persistence rates (Berger & Milem, 1999; Cabrera, Nora, Terenzini, Pascarella & Hagedorn, 1999; Harper, 2004; Kuh, 1995; Pike, 2000). However relatively little is known about student engagement on HBCU campuses and even less is known about the engagement of non-Black students on HBCU campuses. HBCUs have been known for their ability to provide support resulting in academic success for African American students (DeSousa & Kuh, 1996; Fleming, 1984; Flowers & Pascarella, 1999), but little research has examined their ability in providing such support for other student populations, like White undergraduates. Thus, the primary research question guiding this study was: what factors influence the engagement of White, undergraduate students attending public HBCUs? This qualitative multiple case study explored the experiences of 22 White undergraduate students attending two, public HBCUs, located in the mid-Atlantic and southeastern parts of the United States. While all the of the participants’ experiences were unique and distinctive, the results from document analysis and individual and focus group interviews revealed five factors influenced their engagement: (1) faculty-student interactions, (2) staff-student interactions, (3) involvement in co-curricular activities and university-sponsored programs, (4) prior diversity experiences, and (5) first-year experiences. Based on these findings, recommendations for future research and practice
Behavioral Research in Auditing and Its Impact on Audit Education

Auditing is inherently a judgment process. In the past 25 years a large body of research related to auditor judgment has raised numerous issues about the manner in which audits are performed and the nature of education and training that is appropriate for individuals entering the profession. Current trends in auditing away from overly structured methods to more subjective, risk‐based approaches exacerbate the judgment demands placed on auditors and make it increasingly more critical that issues of auditor judgment and decision making be integrated into audit education. The need for auditing students to be exposed to a breadth of substantive business and accounting topics is more pronounced than ever before. Auditors do not merely dwell in a world of debits and credits, but rather must deal with the more challenging issues of risks, controls, performance measurement, and audit evidence. To rise to these challenges, new graduates need to develop skills in critical reasoning, information search, interpersona.
Cytogenetic abnormalities in renal oncocytic neoplasms

We have performed cytogenetic studies on five renal oncocytic neoplasms (three grade 2 tumors and two grade 1 tumors) identified histologically by light microscopy. One grade 1 tumor failed to produce mitotic cells. The other four tumors exhibited both normal and abnormal cell lines. Numerical abnormalities were found in both the single grade 1 and two of the grade 2 tumors whereas structural abnormalities were limited to grade 2 tumors. Aneuploidy of chromosome 12 was observed in both grade 1 and 2 tumors. Grade 2 tumors showed more extensive numerical change than the grade 1 tumors. Abnormalities of chromosome 3 characteristic of renal cell carcinoma were not found in any tumor in this series. A combination of C‐banding and HaeIII endonuclease banding was used to identify an ambiguous marker. In our four cases and in the cases previously reported, loss of a sex chromosome, abnormalities of chromosomes 1 and 22, and trisomy 12 are findings most often observed in renal oncocytoma.
Public Support for Environmental Protection: Objective Problems and Subjective Values in 43 Societies

Policies designed to solve environmental problems are unlikely to succeed unless they have broad public support, but the motives for mass support are poorly understood. The problem is global in scope, but most of the relevant public opinion research done so far has been carried out in advanced industrial societies, usually Western democracies. Moreover, much of this research is limited to the tip of the iceberg, focusing on what people think about environmental problems without probing into why they think it or how deeply they are committed. The analysis of mass attitudes toward environmental problems in this article uses evidence from representative national surveys of countries representing the entire developmental spectrum, from rich to poor nations, including not only Western democracies but authoritarian regimes and recently emerging democracies from the former communist bloc. The data come from the 1990–93 World Values survey, carried out in 43 countries containing 70% of the world's population. Our goal is to determine why given publics are—or are not—sufficiently concerned about environmental problems that they are willing to make financial sacrifices and undertake other actions in order to help protect the environment.
Full Participation: Building the Architecture for Diversity and Community Engagement in Higher Education

This catalyst paper offers a framework for connecting a set of conversations about change in higher education that often proceed separately but need to be brought together to gain traction within both the institutional and national policy arenas. The aim is to integrate projects and people working under the umbrella of equity, diversity, and/or inclusion with those working under the umbrella of community, public, and/or civic engagement. Further, the purpose of this paper is to integrate both of these change agendas with efforts on campus to address the access and success of traditionally underserved students, in hopes of connecting efforts targeting students, faculty, and broader communities in each of these arenas. The authors offer an approach that situates the integration of these three change agendas squarely within the core values and mission of higher education.
The alignment between effective people management, business strategy and organisational performance in the banking and insurance sector

The aim of the study was to determine the nature of the alignment between people management effectiveness, business strategy and organisational performance within the banking and insurance sector in South Africa. From the field study, it was evident that the majority of the participating companies fell short of people management best practices and were therefore unable to support their business strategies, which were in line with best practices. The organisational performance data was insufficient to determine the nature of the alignment between organisational performance, people management, and business strategy. The South African banking and insurance industry needs to realign their people management component to support the appropriate business strategy and to produce a desired level of organisational performance. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om die onderlinge verhouding tussen mensbestuursdoeltreffendheid, besigheidstrategie en organisasieresultate binne die Suid-Afrikaanse bank- en versekeringsektor te ondersoek. Diestudie het duidelik gewys dat toonaangewende bestuurspraktyke by die meerderheid van die deelnemende organisasies ontbreek. Die mensbestuur was nie in staat om die besigheidstrategiee te ondersteun nie wat wel met wereldwye beste praktyke ooreenstem. Inligting oor organisasieresultate was onvoldoende om enige afleiding te maak. Mensbestuur in die Suid-Afrikaanse bank- en versekeringsektor moet met die besigheidstrategie belyn word om die verwagte organisasieresultate te lewer.
Reported Use and Perceived Understanding of Sodium Information on US Nutrition Labels

Introduction Comparing nutrition labels and choosing lower sodium foods are tactics to help reduce excessive sodium intake, a major risk factor for hypertension. Our objective was to assess US adult consumers’ reported use and perceived understanding of sodium information on nutrition labels by sociodemographic and health status. Methods We analyzed responses to questions from 3,729 adults aged 18 years or older participating in 2 national cross-sectional mail panel surveys in 2010. Results We found that 19.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.2%–21.6%) of respondents agreed they were confused about how to figure out how much sodium is in the foods they eat; 57.9% (95% CI, 55.4%–60.5%) reported that they or the person who shops for their food buy items labeled low salt or low sodium; and 46.8% (95% CI, 44.3%–49.4%) reported they check nutrition labels for sodium content as a tactic to limit salt. Consumers with a high school education or less were more likely than college graduates to report they were confused about sodium content on labels (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4–2.8) and less likely to check labels for sodium as a tactic to limit salt intake (AOR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.6–0.98). Conclusion Most survey respondents in our study reported buying low sodium food items. However, a higher proportion of respondents with low education than respondents with high education reported confusion with and less use of sodium content information, suggesting enhanced efforts may be needed to assist this group. Opportunity exists for health care professionals to educate patients about using and understanding nutrition labels and consuming a diet consistent with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan.
Fear of Movement/(Re)Injury Predicting Chronic Disabling Low Back Pain: A Prospective Inception Cohort Study

Study Design. Prospective inception cohort study. Objective. To investigate prospectively whether pain-related fear predicts future perceived disability and participation in patients with acute low back pain (LBP). Summary of Background Data. There are indications that fear of movement/(re)injury, as measured by the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, is present early in an episode of LBP, and that it might be a predictor of future perceived disability and participation. Methods. A cohort of 555 patients with acute LBP included by general practitioners and physical therapists in primary care settings was followed for 6 months. Results. Results indicate that baseline fear of movement/(re)injury was predictive of future perceived disability and, to a lesser extent (and together with duration and radiation), of participation. Conclusions. The results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing pain-related fear in the acute stage of LBP might prevent restrictions of activity and participation because of pain, and might be a way of preventing the transition from acute to chronic LBP.
Homosexuality and the Law: The Construction of Wolfenden Homonormativity in 1950s England

ABSTRACT This article analyses a television broadcast in England in 1957 in response to the Wolfenden Report (Wolfenden, 1957) into homosexuality and prostitution. Here I argue that those participants in the broadcast who are sympathetic with liberal reforms of the legislation on homosexuality utilize discourses related to normality and the public/private domains to discursively construct the Wolfenden homonormative male. In addition, I also show how, particularly through the trope of homonormativity, both the heterosexual and homosexual audiences are interpellated by the discourses exploited within the broadcast as publics whose subjectivities are reconfigured toward Wolfenden homonormativity.
Aspects of Australian and US Living Standards: The Disappointing Decades 1970–1990*

One theme documents the parallel U.S. and Australian histories of real wages, employment, and unemployment since 1950 and notes the break in relativities in the mid 1970s which began with a 30 percent Australian real wage increase relative to the United States. Since then, Australian real wages have remained constant, unemployment increased fourfold, and the male full-time employment-population ratio has fallen 25 percent. The other theme relates to the widening dispersion of male real wages, the large job loss from the middle of the earnings distribution, and rapid employment growth at low earnings. Copyright 1993 by The Economic Society of Australia.