Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3′,5′‐Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases class III: Members, structure, and catalytic mechanism

3′,5′‐Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) comprise a superfamily of enzymes that were previously divided by their primary structure into two major classes: PDE class I and II. The 3′,5′‐cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from Escherichia coli encoded by the cpdA gene does not show any homology to either PDE class I or class II enzymes and, therefore, represents a new, third class of PDEs. Previously, information about essential structural elements, substrate and cofactor binding sites, and the mechanism of catalysis was unknown for this enzyme. The present study shows by computational analysis that the enzyme encoded by the E. coli cpdA gene belongs to a family of phosphodiesterases that closely resembles the catalytic machinery known from purple acid phosphatases and several other dimetallophosphoesterases. They share both the conserved sequence motif, D‐(X)n‐GD‐(X)n‐GNH[E/D]‐(X)n‐H‐(X)n‐GHXH, which contains the invariant residues forming the active site of purple acid phosphatases, a binuclear Fe3+‐Me2+‐containing center, as well as a βαβαβ motif as a typical secondary structure signature. Furthermore, the known biochemical properties of the bacterial phosphodiesterase encoded by the cpdA gene, such as the requirement of iron ions and a reductant for maintaining its catalytic activity, support this hypothesis developed by computational analysis. In addition, the availability of atomic coordinates for several purple acid phosphatases and related proteins allowed the generation of a three‐dimensional model for class III cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. Proteins 2002;46:278–286. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Philosophy and the Pursuit of One ’ s Desire : Mathilde ’ s Project

The present paper is a reading of Jean-Pierre Jeunet’s recent film, A Very Long Engagement, mainly through the lenses of Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalytical theory of the human subject—particularly his notion of the subject’s desire, which constitutes every human subject as a singular being. Moreover, for Lacan the subject faces the task of taking up his or her desire as a prerequisite for truly ethical action. The character of Mathilde in Jeunet’s film, it is argued, may be seen as being paradigmatic in this respect, insofar as she acts in accordance with her desire. This is demonstrated with reference to the narrative structure of Jeunet’s film.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND ALKALOIDS PROFILE EVALUATION OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS L . BASED ON RAPD MOLECULAR MARKERS AND RP-HPLC ANALYSIS

Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal plant, which main source of two antitumor terpeniods indole alkaloids (TIAs) vinblastine and vincristine. The aims of this study were to assess genetic diversity and alkaloids profiles using RAPD molecular markers and fast liquid chromatographic C18 column for the separation and identification of TIAs and their precursors for twelve C. roseus cultivars grown in Iraq. Genetic similarity between C. roseus cultivars ranged between 69% 100%. Pacifica xp Burgundy Halo and Pacifica xp Cherry Red Halo had lowest genetic distance (0.0) with highest similarity value (100%). The quantification of Vincristine, Vinblastine and their precursors Vindoline and Catharanthine of the same two cultivars had almost the same alkaloids profile with slight difference in Vindoline percentage. The dendrogram assembled on the basis of RAPD band showed that the Iraqi cultivar was isolated from the rest eleven cultivars. This research was the first attempt linking between genetic diversity and (TIAs) vinblastine and vincristine content.
Amphibians from Serrania de Las Quinchas, in the mid-Magdalena river valley, Colombia

We studied the species of amphibians from Serranía de Las Quinchas, in the mid Magdalena Valley region of Colombia, comparing the data from a recent fieldwork with museum records and literature. We present a list of 50 species of amphibians (Anura and Caudata). In our survey, we recorded 36 species, of which 6 represented new records. One of the most interesting record is that of the genus Oedipina, since this is the first time the genus is recorded for the Cordillera Oriental. The number of species is what would be expected in a humid tropical forest of the mid-Magdalena river valley, given the co-occurrence of amphibian faunas distributed in the sub-Andean, Caribbean, and Chocó biogeographic regions.
Application Development with Augmented Reality Technique using Unity 3 D and Vuforia

The application of Augmented Reality (AR) based on mobile terminals is a hot topic of interests for mobile applications and human-machine interaction. Mobile AR technique combines the intelligent display, registration tracking, virtual and reality convergence, and human-computer interactions through portable devices or intelligent terminals. This allows the 3D virtual object to be fully docked with the customer's actual scene, thus increasing the perceived range[1]. This study uses Unity 3D modeling to create a three-dimensional model of the scene and to detect and track the totem functions of the Vuforia engine. It can set animation and play video. Interactions between virtual buttons and virtual reality can also be created as virtual buttons. The AR application in the Vuforia SDK is a hub that connects the virtual world with reality. The monitor of the mobile terminal merges the actual video and the virtual object, enabling three-dimensional tracking and registration. This article shows you how to design your game and apply AR technology in a Unity 3D environment.
Estimating Monetary Policy Rules with Serially Correlated Monetary Policy Shocks

The general equilibrium of a typical new-Keynesian model indicates that inflation and output gaps are determined by contemporaneous and historical monetary policy shocks. Thus, if monetary policy shocks are serially correlated, as argued in the literature, the conventional estimation of Taylor rules using lags of inflation and output gaps as instruments, has the endogeneity problem. This paper investigates the magnitude of the bias. We estimate Taylor rules using two methods that allow for the presence of serial correlation in monetary policy shocks. The first method “purifies” inflation and output gaps by removing from them the components attributable to monetary shocks. The second method uses as instruments a set of strictly exogenous variables. Results from both methods show that the endogeneity problem does not cause much bias in the conventional estimation of Taylor rules. JEL codes: E52, C26 ∗Casper de Vries, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Tinbergen Institute, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Email: cdevries@ese.eur. nl. Wei Li, Erasmus University Rotterdam and Tinbergen Institute, H08-32, Burg. Ouldlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Email: w.li@ese.eur. nl
Flow Study of Wood Plastic Composite Through a Circular Die in an Extrusion Process

This paper presents a theoretical study on wood plastic composite's (WPC's) flow, based on empirical data provided by a twin screw extruder and experimental data from a rotational rheometer. Four circular extrusion dies were designed and manufactured to produce rod shaped products with various diameters (D) and length-to-diameter ratios (L/D). Also other parameters such as screw speed (N), polymer matrix type, polymer viscosity (m) and percentage of wood content (W) were selected as the process or material factors to investigate the relationship between the flow characteristics and the above mentioned factors. Moreover, frequency sweep experiments were performed on the selected composites using rotational plate rheometer. The results from these experiments have been studied by using power law and Bingham plastic models which are believed as proper models for WPC in the literature. The results show that Bingham plastic model can explain the flow characteristics of this composite much better. Moreover, although the results of a frequency sweep test can give the required values for parameters in the Bingham plastic model, these quantities will be different with those from empirical experiments.
ON CYCLE INTEGRALS

In this paper, we investigate cycle integrals of weakly holomorphic modular forms. We show that these integrals coincide with the cycle integrals of classical cusp forms. We use these results to define a Shintani lift from integral weight weakly holomorphic modular forms to half-integral weight holomorphic modular forms.
Variational Principle based Modeling of Film Blowing Process for LDPE Considering Non-Isothermal Conditions and Non-Newtonian Polymer Melt Behavior

In this work, film blowing process analysis has been performed theoretically by using minimum energy approach for non-Newtonian polymer melts considering non-isothermal processing conditions and the obtained predictions were compared with both, theoretical and experimental data (bubble shape, velocity and temperature profiles) taken from the open literature. It has been found that model predictions are in very good agreement with the corresponding experimental data. Key-Words: Mathematical modeling, Variational principle, Numerical analysis, Non-isothermal film blowing, Non-Newtonian fluids, Films.
PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS TO FISHERY ENTERPRISES: A CASE OF ARTISANAL AND AQUACULTURE FISHERIES IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Department of Agricultural Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Corresponding author’s emaill: aragbon2005@yahoo.co.uk. 08034668829 Profitability of farming enterprise is a key motivational factor towards participation in such enterprise. This study thus, examined the profitability of aquaculture and artisanal fish farming in Lagos, Nigeria. Data for the study were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire from a cross section of respondents selected using multistage sampling procedure. Descriptive statistics and budgetary technique were used to analyze the data. The results obtained revealed that, both aquaculture and artisanal fisheries were profitable in the study area as depicted by gross margin and benefit-cost ratio of (N104, 392.07; 1.34) and (N 271, 175; 1.36) (N, Nigerian Currency, N157 = 1$US) respectively. The constraints to fishery production in the area were: capital inadequacy, water pollution, and epileptic electric supply, high cost of labor and high cost of inputs. Based on these, it was recommended that fish farming inputs be subsidized and improvement in fish farming equipment, fish farmers’ financial base should be improved through granting of soft loans and membership of co-operative societies or farmer groups. Also, there is need for government intervention in the control of water pollution to enhance productivity.
Harvesting-silviculture interface with reference to manual and mechanised operations

Puccinia psidii, the cause of a disease today commonly referred to as Myrtle rust, is considered a high priority quarantine threat globally. It has a wide host range in the Myrtaceae and it is feared that it may result in significant damage to native ecosystems where these plants occur. The fungus is also of considerable concern to plantation forestry industries that propagate Australian Eucalyptus species. In May 2013, symptoms of a rust disease resembling those of P. psidii were observed on an ornamental Myrtaceous shrub in a garden in South Africa. The fungus was identified based on DNA sequence data of the ITS and 5.8S nrRNA gene regions and here we report, for the first time, the presence of P. psidii in Africa. Article info: Submitted: 13 June 2013; Accepted: 14 June 2013; Published: 24 June 2013.
Relay Placement in Wireless Networks: Minimizing Communication Cost

Given n source nodes and k relay nodes, we model the optimal relay topology problem allowing for simultaneous optimization of the relay node locations and traffic through the network, so that the overall number of packet retransmissions is minimized. We argue that state-of-the-art models and algorithms for relay placement in wireless networks do not reflect salient characteristics of the optimal relays topology and lead to suboptimal solutions. We do not constrain the position of relays to a finite set of discrete points, as the latter may not be feasible in practical networks. In this case, we show that just listing a set of feasible sites for the relays is already at least APX-hard. Exploiting convexity in a special case of the network communication cost function, we give an optimal algorithm for the relay placement problem. However, the algorithm is exponential on the number of nodes in the network. We suggest a practical heuristic algorithm for relay placement: RePlace. We compare RePlace numerically to the optimal algorithm and show that RePlace achieves the optimal or almost optimal solutions. We implement RePlace in the full network stack simulator JiST/SWANS. The relay topologies generated by RePlace eliminate overhead communication cost almost entirely.
THERMODYNAMICAL ASPECTS OF IMPLICIT GRADIENT DAMAGE

A gradient damage formulation for quasi-brittle damage is derived from a nonstandard expression for the free energy potential. In contrast with many existing approaches, the nonstandard terms are related to the kinematics of the problem and therefore come into play already in the elastic regime. Following the argument that the second law of thermodynamics need only be satisfied globally for a nonlocal continuum, an energy balance equation is derived which must be solved together with the usual equilibrium equations. Numerical solutions of this coupled set of equations have been generated for a one-dimensional problem in order to study the localisation behaviour of the formulation. In the limit where the elastic modulus related to the energy balance goes to zero, an earlier gradient damage model is retrieved.
Three-dimensional vibration energy harvester using a spiral piezoelectric element

We have developed a three-dimensional (3-D) molding process for the production of piezoelectric ceramic elements by using a master polymer mold produced by microstereolithography. In this method, ceramic slurry is injected into a 3-D polymeric mold via a centrifugal casting process. The polymeric master mold is thermally decomposed so that complex 3-D piezoelectric ceramic elements can be produced. To demonstrate the fabrication of 3-D piezoelectric ceramic elements, we produced a spiral piezoelectric element that can convert multidirectional loads into a voltage. We confirmed that a prototype of the spiral piezoelectric element could generate a voltage by applying a load in both parallel and lateral directions in relation to the helical axis. The power output of 123 pW was obtained by applying the maximum load of 2.8N at 2 Hz along the helical axis. In addition, to improve the performance of power generation, we utilized a two-step sintering process to obtain dense piezoelectric elements. As a result, we obtained a sintering body with relative density of 92.8 % that is higher than that of a conventional sintered body. Piezoelectric constant d31 of the sintered body attained to -40.0 pC/N that is better than that of a conventional sintered body. The 3-D ceramic molding process is capable to produce a highly efficient 3-D piezoelectric energy harvester that can scavenge multidirectional vibration energy to generate electrical energy by optimizing its 3-D shape.
The rising importance of Asymmetric Dependence in UK equity returns

UK listed equity returns exhibit asymmetric dependence. This asymmetric dependence is priced in the cross section independently of linear market (β) risk. In our sample, average levels of lower-tail asymmetric dependence attract a premium of 6.9% per annum and average levels of upper-tail dependence yield a discount of 7.4% p.a. The β market risk is insignificant in the UK listed equities. Whilst the degree of upper-tail and lower-tail dependence has been decreasing over the past fifteen years, the market price of both lower-tail asymmetric dependence and upper-tail asymmetric dependence has been increasing markedly through time.
Accepted for publication in Language Learning (Wiley Blackwell) Effects of Sound, Vocabulary and Grammar Learning Aptitude on Adult Second Language Speech Attainment in Foreign Language Classrooms

The current study examined the relationship between different type of language learning aptitude (measured via the LLAMA test) and adult second language (L2) speech production attainment in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms. Picture descriptions elicited from 50 Japanese EFL learners with varied proficiency levels were analyzed by a range of pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary and grammar measures. According to the results of the statistical analyses, the participants’ aptitude test scores in phonemic coding, rote and associative memory and language analytic ability were moderately predictive of the phonological/morphological accuracy, speed fluency and lexicogrammar complexity of production—linguistic features thought to be instrumental to the acquisition of advanced L2 oral ability. In contrast, such aptitude-proficiency links were not found with respect to relatively implicit and incidental learning aptitude (sound recognition) and fundamental proficiency domains (the appropriate use of frequent words).
Study of Different Fertilization Methods on Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Vegetative Factors

Oil palm propagation techniques are juvenile pot plants derived from germinated seeds and tissue culture, because it doesn’t produce sucker. In the nursery stage, monitoring the conditions of irrigation and nutrition are important to ensure phenotypic quality. During the nursery stage, optimal fertilization in development of more vigorous and productive plants. This research was carried out to increase fertilizer use efficiency and its impact on vegetative growth of juvenile oil palm plants in greenhouse based Factorial experiment according completely randomized design with three replications at greenhouse of date palm and tropical fruit research institute in Ahvaz during 20112013. Treatments included five different fertilization methods (Without fertilization or control, soil application, fertigation, foliar spray and soil application add foliar spray on juvenile pot plants derived from germinated oil palm seeds) and eight genotypes. The results showed that different methods of fertilization were significantly different in vegetative growth characteristics. Also, different cultivars were significantly different in all vegetative traits except chlorophyll content. Interactions between treatments were significant in the growth characteristics of stem and number of leaves (P≤0.05). Fertigation with mean seedling height, stem height, stem diameter, leaf length and width, equivalent to 138.9, 26.0, 7.3, 126.5 and 40.6 cm, respectively and the average number of leaves and leaflets of 11.9 and 44.6 numbers per plant respectively and chlorophyll content of 55.3 was superior fertilization method comparing to other methods.
Transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: Report of a consensus meeting

A one-day consensus meeting was convened at the Clinical Research Facility in Birmingham on 19 November 2004. The group sought to include representatives from the eight UK and Eire liver transplant units and in the event received 28 delegates from seven units. The purpose of the group was to look at issues regarding the transplantation of patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) primarily from a psychosocial and addiction perspective rather than from a physical one. The group hoped to define some of the issues and dilemmas that surround the decision to transplant the ALD patient in an era of donor shortage, paying particular attention to the issue of return to alcohol use post-transplant.
Organic residue analysis of a burial urn from Harlyn Bay , Cornwall

Introduction The porous nature of unglazed pottery vessels ensures that during the processing of food lipids become absorbed into the vessel wall. These lipids include remnant animal fats, plant oils and plant waxes, which are known to survive in archaeological deposits for several millenia (Evershed et al., 1999). The major compounds present are lipids, i.e. the fats, oils, waxes and resins of the natural world, recoverable by solvent extraction, which are then quantified and identified by high temperature-gas chromatography (HTGC), GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS; Evershed et al., 1990) and GC-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS; Evershed et al., 1994; Mottram et al., 1999). Characterisation of lipid extracts to commodity type rests on detailed knowledge of diagnostic compounds and their associated degradation products arising during vessel use or burial. For In archaeological pottery free fatty acids commonly dominate lipid extracts over compounds that are characteristic for fresh fats and oils (i.e. acylglycerol moities). Compound-specific stable carbon isotope determinations, using gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GCC-IRMS), allows the carbon stable isotope (δC) values of individual compounds to be determined, providing an important complementary criterion for classifying the origins of lipids. δC values of the principal fatty acids (C16:0 and C18:0) present in degraded animals fats are effective in distinguishing between different animal fats, e.g. ruminant and non-ruminant adipose fats and dairy fats (Evershed et al., 1997a, Dudd and Evershed, 1998), as well as in the identification of the mixing of commodities (Evershed et al., 1999, Copley et al., 2001).
The expression of androgen receptors in the epithelial cells of the rat prostate lateral lobe in experimental hyperprolactinaemia: a morphological and immunohistochemical study.

The effect of hyperprolactinaemia on the prostate has still not been fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of hyperprolactinaemia on expression of the androgen receptor (AR) in rat epithelial cells of the prostate lateral lobe and on the morphology of these cells. Studies were performed on sexually mature male Wistar rats. To provoke hyperprolactinaemia rats received i.p. metoclopramid (MCP). For light and electron microscopy the lateral lobes were obtained routinely. The intensity of the immunohistochemical reaction of AR (expression of AR) in the epithelial cells of the prostate lateral lobe was assessed by optical density measurements with the help of computer image analysis. Ultrastructural observations of the epithelial cells of the lateral lobe were carried out by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The results showed a more than twofold increase in prolactin (PRL) concentration in the serum, but a twofold decrease in testosterone (T). The intensity of the immunohistochemical reaction of AR in the epithelial cells of the lateral lobe in the experimental group was higher than in the control group. We noted changes in the morphology of the epithelial cells of the prostate lateral lobe in the experimental group.
Dielectric Investigation of Binary Mixtures Involving a Nuclear Extractant-1 , 2-Dichlorobenzene and Nonpolar Solvents

The Relative Permittivity of Binary Mixtures of 1,2Dichlorobenzene a Nuclear Extractant with Five Nonpolar Solvents is Measured at Frequency 455 Khz and Temperature 303.16K. The Dielectric Constant Data are used to Compute the Linear Correlation Factor and Excess Gibb’s Free Energy in the Binary Mixtures. The Molecular Interaction is Found to be Dependent upon Concentration of 1,2-Dichlorobenzene as well as the Nature of the Solvent.