Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leaf photosynthetic characteristics in eight shaded Malaysian filmy ferns

The photosynthetic characteristics of eight Malaysian Hymenophyllaceae filmy ferns from shady habitats were investigated in this study. Chlorophyll content was highest in Trichomanes meifolium, followed by Cephalomanes obscurum, Hymenophyllum serrulatum, H. denticulatum, H. javanicum, H. acanthoides, H. exsertum and H. blandum, with values ranging from 3.3 to 8.6 mg/g fresh weight. Soluble protein content was remarkably high in H. serrulatum, with values of 53 ± 3.50 mg/g, followed by H. denticulatum, H. acanthoides, T. meifolium and the other species. Protein to chlorophyll ratios in the filmy ferns were low as expected, except for in H. serrulatum, H. acanthoides and H. denticulatum. Chloroplast number and size ranged between 34 to 138 per cell profile, and between 4.8 to 6.5 µm in diameter, in the Hymenophyllaceae. Quantum efficiency measurements in four Hymenophyllaceae spp. exhibited Fv/Fm values ranging between 0.73 to 0.81. The Hymenophyllaceae spp. also showed low in vivo CO2 assimilatory rates and light saturation points, ranging between 5 to 15 µmol CO2/m2/s and below 150 µmol/m2/s, respectively. The findings add further to our understanding on how the filmy ferns adapt and thrive in their humid and shady habitats.
A Global and Hemispherical Analysis of the Lorenz Energetics Based on the Representative Concentration Pathways Used in CMIP5

So far, only a few studies have evaluated the impact of greenhouse gases emissions on the global and limited area energetics. Furthermore, all of them have concentrated on the increasing of CO2. As new climate projections are now available from a number of climate models under the MPI-ESR-MR experiment, the present study analyses the global and hemispherical energetics under the increase of greenhouse gas forcings that follow Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP26, RCP45, and RCP85). The results have shown a reduction in the LEC intensity as the concentration of greenhouse gases increases, with the RCP85 scenario generating the strongest decrease. For both global and hemispherical domains, zonal kinetic energy is the only energy reservoir which increases in a warmer environment, whereas the conversion between eddy kinetic energy and zonal kinetic energy () is the only energy flux also experiencing an increase. A quantitative analysis of the inner processes involved in the conversion terms shows important changes in the horizontal and vertical eddy-transport of momentum and sensible heat. In the case of both vertical and horizontal eddy-transports of momentum play an important role in the increase of zonal kinetic energy for the global domain.
Assessing Carolina Hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) Population Genetic Structure and Diversity in the Southern Appalachians using Microsatellite Markers.

CAMPBELL, ANGELIA ROSE. Assessing Carolina Hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) Population Genetic Structure and Diversity in the Southern Appalachians Using Microsatellite Markers. (Under the direction of Robert Jetton). Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) is a rare conifer species that exists in a few small, isolated populations throughout the southern Appalachian Mountains. There is a need to develop conservation genetics strategies for this species, as it is under threat by the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand), an invasive species that can kill the trees in as little as four years. In order to develop these strategies, more information about the population genetic structure of Carolina hemlock is necessary. In this study, 439 trees from twenty-nine populations of Carolina hemlock were sampled: a range-wide, comprehensive sampling of most of the known populations of Carolina hemlock. Sixteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were amplified in these samples. The results show that the populations of Carolina hemlock are inbred (Overall FIS = 0.464), and highly differentiated from each other with little gene flow (Overall FST = 0.496, Nm = 0.9116). Three genetic clusters were inferred using STRUCTURE, and the genetic makeup of each population was identified. One cluster dominated in the northern populations, one in the southeastern populations, and one in the southwestern populations -though all three regions had some representation from every cluster. The relationships displayed on the neighbor-joining tree mirror the population structure shown in the STRUCTURE results. The data indicated that the unusual population of Cuyahoga Valley is likely planted rather than natural. Though no correlation between genetic diversity and latitude, longitude or elevation was uncovered, the analysis yielded informative diversity measures for each population. Pockets of diversity were identified. This information will be invaluable in developing conservation strategies for Carolina hemlock. Knowledge about the population genetic structure of Carolina hemlock will inform management efforts, showing which regions and populations to prioritize for protection and
Characteristics of Senior High School Students in the Utilization of School Library in Indonesia

School library provides various facilities and services adjusted to the needs of students as library users. With the availability of various facilities and services in the school library, the students can choose the facilities and library services that want to be utilized to meet their needs in the school environment. This study aims to determine the characteristics of students in the utilization of school library. This research uses quantitative approach with descriptive analysis. The location of this research is in a library of a Senior High School (SMA) in Surabaya, the second largest city in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that high school students in the use of school libraries have different characteristics. They more often visit the library during break time compared to other times. Students use the library for school work, and some students do other activities in the library. In the case of borrowing books, the students mostly only borrow one book, the borrowed book is in Bahasa Indonesia, and not many students borrow collections in foreign languages. From this research, it can also be seen that many collections that do not fit between the bookshelves and the catalog / OPAC. Thus, it makes the students prefer to search directly on the shelf instead of using the catalog / OPAC. On the other hand, it is also because the students are still confused in using OPAC.
Just in Time Teaching: A Strategy to Encourage Students’ Engagement

This qualitative research study was carried out with two groups of students at a beginner English level; the students were in the fourth semester of psychology at a Colombian university. The overall aim of this action research study was to analyze learners’ perceptions of the strategy Just in Time Teaching in a web 2.0. The data were collected through students’ artifacts, journals, and interviews. Results of this study indicate that students perceived the strategy of Just in Time Teaching as a means to engage them in the designed activities; it was manifested by investing time to extend knowledge and promoting participation by reducing the affective filter.
Optimal Control of an Unknown Linear Process with Learning

Optimal control of a linear process with unknown parameters is considered when the horizon is infinite and rewards are discounted. Active learning strategies are considered, i.e., agents consider the information value of possible actions, as well as current reward. Distributional assumptions are minimal in that no restriction to conjugate families is made. Convergence of beliefs and actions is established. Copyright 1989 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.
Effect of the Andes Cordillera on Precipitation from a Midlatitude Cold Front

The effects of the Andes Cordillera, the major mountain range in South America, on precipitation patterns of baroclinic systems approaching from the southeast Pacific remain largely unstudied. This study focuses on a case in late May 2008 when an upper-level trough and surface cold front produced widespread precipitation in central Chile. The primary goal was to analyze the physical mechanisms responsible for the structure and evolution of the precipitation. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations indicate that as an upper-level trough approached central Chile, midtropospheric flow below 700 hPa was blocked by the high topography and deflected poleward in the form of a barrier jet. This northerly jet had wind maxima in excess of 15 m s 21 , was centered around 925 hPa, and extended westward 200 km from the mountains. It intersected the cold front, which approached from the south near the coast, thereby increasing convergence along the frontal surface, slowing its equatorward progress, and enhancing rainfall over central Chile. Another separate region of heavy precipitation formed over the upwind slopes of the cordillera. A trajectory analysis confirmed that the barrier jet moved low-level parcels from their origin in the moist southeast Pacific boundary layer to the coast. When model topography was reduced to twenty percent of its original height, the cold front advanced more rapidly to the northeast, generated less precipitation in central Chile between 338 and 368S, and produced minimal orographic precipitation on the upwind Andean slopes. Based on these findings, the high topography appears responsible for not only orographic precipitation but also for substantially increasing precipitation totals over the central coast and valley.
Disabled People in the USSR during Khruschev’s Modernization: Regional Aspect

The situation of disabled people in the USSR is still a poorly understood problem. In the Soviet era, the subject of disabled people was actually under a secret ban, and the scientific works published abroad did not have the necessary research of the source base. Currently, despite the emergence of a number of works in Russia and abroad, this topic still has a significant number of research gaps. One of these gaps is connected with the determination of the influence of modernization carried out in the 1950s-1960s by the leader of the USSR N.S. Khrushchev, on the strength, composition and social status of the disabled people in the country. The regional aspect of this problem, including the special situation of disabled people in the Republic of Tatarstan as one of the important regions (strong points) of ongoing modernization, is very important. The article was prepared on the basis of published sources, the existing corpus of Russian and foreign scientific publications, as well as a wide stratum of the archival materials from the National Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan involved for the first time. The research methods included the statistical analysis of archival materials, a secondary analysis of published scientific researches. The results obtained are correlated with the conclusions of a number of researchers and expand the existing regional studies of social policy during modernization in the 1950s-1960s.
Effects of green marketing strategy 4ps on firm performance

This is a conceptual paper to study the effects of green marketing strategy on the firms’ performance. The paper aims at presenting the reviews of the literature on the green marketing and analyses the four factors that will influence the firms’ performance. As green marketing strategy become increasingly more important to firms adhering to a triple-bottom line performance evaluation, the present paper seeks to better understand the role of “green marketing mix” as a marketing strategy. The conclusion that was drawn is that, green product, price, distbution and pormotion have a positive effect on the firms’ performance.
Lithospheric deformation in the Canadian Appalachians: evidence from shear wave splitting

Plate-scale deformation is expected to impart seismic anisotropic fabrics on the lithosphere. Determination of the fast shear wave orientation (φ) and the delay time between the fast and slow split shear waves (δt) via SKS splitting can help place spatial and temporal constraints on lithospheric deformation. The Canadian Appalachians experienced multiple episodes of deformation during the Phanerozoic: accretionary collisions during the Palaeozoic prior to the collision between Laurentia and Gondwana, and rifting related to the Mesozoic opening of the North Atlantic. However, the extent to which extensional events have overprinted older orogenic trends is uncertain. We address this issue through measurements of seismic anisotropy beneath the Canadian Appalachians, computing shear wave splitting parameters (φ, δt) for new and existing seismic stations in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Average δt values of 1.2 s, relatively short length scale (≥100 km) splitting parameter variations, and a lack of correlation with absolute plate motion direction and mantle flow models, demonstrate that fossil lithospheric anisotropic fabrics dominate our results. Most fast directions parallel Appalachian orogenic trends observed at the surface, while δt values point towards coherent deformation of the crust and mantle lithosphere. Mesozoic rifting had minimal impact on our study area, except locally within the Bay of Fundy and in southern Nova Scotia, where fast directions are subparallel to the opening direction of Mesozoic rifting; associated δt values of >1 s require an anisotropic layer that spans both the crust and mantle, meaning the formation of the Bay of Fundy was not merely a thin-skinned tectonic event.
Calculation of levitation forces in permanent-superconductor systems

The magnetic levitation forces of a superconducting disk (SC) levitated by a cylindrical permanent magnet (PM) have been calculated from first principles for superconductors with finite thickness. The current $j(\rho,z)$ and field $B(\rho,z)$ profiles in the SC in the non-uniform magnetic field generated by the PM have been derived. The levitation force is observed to depend non-linearly on the critical current density $j_c$ and on the thickness of the SC. The flux creep is described by a current-voltage law $E(j)=E_c(j/j_c)^n$, from which we show that the levitation force depends on the speed at which the PM approaches or recedes from the SC, which accounts for the experimentally observed force creep phenomenon. The stiffness of the system has been derived by calculating the minor force loops. The numerical results reproduce many of the features exhibited by experiments.
Predictivistic Bayesian Forecasting System

This paper introduces a formal method of combining expert and model density forecasts when the sample of past forecasts is unavailable. It works directly with the expert forecast density and endogenously delivers weights for forecast combination, relying on probability rules only. In the empirical part, we illustrate how our framework can be applied in forecasting US inflation by mixing density forecasts from an autoregressive model and the Survey of Professional Forecasters.
Isolation, identification, and monitoring of antibiotic resistance in Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica isolated from sheep in East Azerbaijan province, Iran.

The present study was carried out in order to isolate, identify, and assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of the causative agent(s) of pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep in East Azerbaijan province, northwest of Iran. Pneumonia was detected in 320 cases, and the affected lungs were sampled in the slaughterhouse. The samples were investigated bacteriologically for the isolation of two microorganisms from the Pasteurellaceae family. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from six (1.87%) samples, while none of the lung tissues were positive for Mannheimia haemolytica. After the isolation and detection of microorganisms via cultural and morphological tests, the bacteria were identified on the basis of biochemical criteria and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all P. multocida isolates, using broth microdilution method. Evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eight antimicrobial agents against the tested isolates showed that all the organisms were resistant to amoxicillin and relatively susceptible to ceftiofur. In conclusion, P. multocida was introduced as the main cause of ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis in the studied district, and the outbreak frequency significantly varied in different seasons of the year (P<0.05).
A sequence stratigraphic based geological model for constraining hydrogeological modeling in the urbanized area of the Quaternary Besòs delta (NW Mediterranean coast, Spain)

The Quaternary Besos delta is located on the Mediterranean coast in NE Spain. The Besos Delta Complex includes 3 aquifers constituted by 3 sandy and gravelly bodies, separated by lutitic units. These aquifers supply water for domestic and industrial use in this area. Management of groundwater has been problematic in the Besos delta since the 1960s, and continues to pose major problems for subsurface engineering works in this highly urbanized region. This study seeks to demonstrate the advantages of detailed geological characterization and modeling for designing and constructing a hydrogeological model. Available information of the subsurface was compiled, integrated and homogenized in a geospatial database. The interpretation of these data enabled us to delimit geological units by means of a sequence stratigraphic subdivision. A three-dimensional facies belt-based model of the Besos delta was built on the basis of this geological characterization. This model was used to constrain the distribution of hydraulic parameters and thus to obtain a consistent hydrogeological model of the delta, which was calibrated by data of water management and production over the last hundred years. The resulting hydrogeological model yielded new insights into water front displacements in the aquifer during the time-span considered, improving predictions in an attempt to optimize aquifer management.
A Defense of Shovel-Test Sampling: A Reply to Shott

Shott raises pertinent issues on the limitations of shovel-test sampling. I agree that alternative methods with more efficient discovery rates should be developed and tested. I argue, however, that shovel testing is the most efficient discovery technique now available for detecting buried cultural remains on a regional scale. In survey contexts where the probability of buried remains is high, shovel testing should remain a primary option.
Market Efficiency and Idiosyncratic Volatility in Vietnam

We study idiosyncratic volatility in the Vietnamese stock market between July 2007 and February 2015. We show that there is no relationship between the idiosyncratic volatility and average returns in the Vietnamese market. Our results also indicate that neither the aggregate market volatility, the aggregate idiosyncratic volatility nor can predict market returns. Finally, we find no trend in idiosyncratic volatility and a decreasing trend of market volatility over the sample period. In addition, we find strong evidence of both short as well as long term reversal in Vietnam stock market during the sample period.
Satellite tracking and stable isotope analysis highlight differential recruitment among foraging areas in green turtles

P.J.B. is funded by a National Environment Research Council grant 1353865. C.C. is supported by the project CTM2013-48163 from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad. We thank the following for their support: Marine Turtle Conservation Project (MTCP), Mediterranean Association to Save the Sea Turtles (MEDASSSET), North Cyprus Department of Environmental Protection, seaturtle. org, Society for the Protection of Sea Turtles in North Cyprus (SPOT); and for funding: Apache, British Chelonia Group, BP Egypt, the British High Commission and British Residents Society of North Cyprus, Darwin Initiative, Erwin Warth Foundation, Friends of SPOT, INNPA, Kuzey Kibris Turkcell, NERC, Marine Conservation Society Sea Turtle Conservation Fund, and MEDASSET, UK.
Bank Capital, Credit Market Frictions and International Shocks Transmission

Recent empirical evidence suggests that the state of banks’ balance sheets plays an important role in the transmission of monetary policy and other shocks. This paper presents an open-economy DSGE framework with credit market frictions and an active bank capital channel to assess issues regarding the transmission of domestic and foreign shocks. The theoretical framework includes the financial accelerator mechanism developed by Bernanke et al. (1999), the bank capital channel and the exchange rate channel. Our simulations show that the exchange rate channel plays an amplification role in the propagation of shocks. Furthermore, with these three channels present, domestic and foreign shocks have an important quantitative role in explaining domestic aggregates like output, consumption, inflation and total bank’s lending. In addition, results suggest that economies whose banks remain well-capitalized when affected by adverse shock experience less severe downturns. Our results highlight the importance of bank capital in an international framework and can be used to inform the worldwide debate over banking regulation.
MANAGEMENT OF URBAN COMMON BRUSHTAIL POSSUMS (TRICHOSURUS VULPECULA)

The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) is indeed a common inhabitant of many Australian cities, and one of the few marsupials that has adapted well to the urban environment. Their close proximity to people provides a great opportunity to experience native wildlife in the backyard, however, their utilization of house roofs, bold behaviour and appetite for garden plants often leads to conflict with householders. Population numbers are sufficiently high to require ongoing management to minimise negative impacts for humans and brushtail possums alike in a socially acceptable manner. The aim of this thesis was to identify current management issues and address the need for improved and novel management strategies. The potential of slow-release implants, containing the GnRH agonist deslorelin, as a contraceptive agent for brushtail possums was tested on a captive population. Males appeared resistant to treatment, but deslorelin was found to inhibit reproduction in female brushtail possums for at least one breeding season, making it a promising tool to control fertility in some wild populations. A further aim was to trial deslorelin implants on a wild urban population, to collect more information about the urban biology of this species and to point out issues which have previously not been addressed. Close proximity and interaction of urban brushtail possums with humans and their domestic animals can increase the risk of disease exposure and transmission and influence the health of wild populations. Serosurveys showed that animals were readily exposed to Leptospira spp. and Toxoplasma gondii. This thesis also provides the first data on brushtail possum dispersal in urban areas, knowledge which is highly relevant to the development of management strategies such as fertility control. The findings from this research broaden our knowledge about urban brushtail possums and should assist wildlife authorities in developing alternative or improved management procedures.