Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemistry and Utilization of Vernonia glabra (Steetz) Oliv. & Hiern. in the Management of Food Spoilage and Poisoning Pathogens, in Kenya.

Food spoilage and poisoning pathogens lead to preand post-harvest losses of crop produce and poisoning of food and feed stuff; posing a great threat to food security and safety worldwide. This project aimed to investigate the pesticidal activity and presence of chemical compounds in Vernonia glabra; as an alternative control approach, to food crop protection. Organic extracts of leaves and flowers showed the highest activity against S. aureus (mean inhibition zones of 1.85 and 1.78 respectively), than the standard antibiotic (Streptomycin 1.30). Flavonoids were greatly present in all extracts screened. The results of this study justify the use of V. glabra in traditional herbal medicine, and suggest that the plant has ideal characteristics in the application as bio-pesticide control to crops and food stuff.
Technological Revolutions and Occupational Change : Electrifying News from the Old Days

How do major technological breakthroughs affect workers in the wake of its adoption? We contribute to the understanding of this question by studying the impact of early electricity adoption, using newly digitized, detailed maps of the US electricity grid in 1918, 1928, and 1940. Moreover, we follow individual workers over time by linking individuals in the 100% count Census of Population for 1920, 1930, and 1940 to studty the impact of electricity adoption on employment, job and sectoral mobility, as well as earnings. To identify the causal impact on worker trajectories, we exploit the geography of hydro-electric potential, which is highly heterogeneous across U.S. regions and provides arguably exogenous variation in the incentive to adopt electricity. Unlike earler studies, our analysis is neither limited to particular industries nor particular geographies and constitutes the first comprehensive analysis of individual worker trajectories in response to a major technological revolution in the US. Our preliminary results uncover a number of interesting insights: on average, electricity (1) replaces jobs; (2) causes substantial upward movement in the earnings distribution for farm workers; (3) causes individuals to perform substantially different tasks than before; (4) is a causal driver for the movement from the farm to the factory.
Is Transnational Higher Education a Good Way to Reduce Brain Drain ? Evidences from Australia

In the last few decades, the higher education sector of many countries has experienced a significant process of Internationalization, which includes not only the physical mobility of students, but also the “offshore” provision of educational services. If the motivation of home institutions is to expand recruitments, the principal motivation for governments opening their higher education market to foreign providers is to increase enrolment in higher education in the country and, in this way, retain student outflow and the potential consequent brain drain. The role of transnational education as a way to decrease skilled emigration from one country is however far from clear. Despite the interest devoted to the phenomenon of skilled migration by policymakers and scholars, and the continuous increase of transnational education, the relationship between these two phenomena has not been empirically investigated yet. This paper provides a first step in the exploration of this issue using aggregate-level data on offshore enrolments in Australian universities and skilled immigration to Australia. Corresponding Author: Antonina Levatino: antonina.levatino@upf.edu 1 The version presented constitutes a very initial draft. The author is thankful to the Spanish Ministry of Sciences and Innovation for funding her doctoral research and to Danielle Victoria Martínez Tully for the English proofreading. ATINER CONFERENCE PAPER SERIES No: SOC2013-0411
Rent Building, Rent Sharing - A Panel Country-Industry Empirical Analysis

Through panel estimates using OECD country-industry statistics, this paper aims to clarify the determinants of rent creation and the mechanisms of rent sharing, and the role of market regulations in these processes. The empirical analysis is carried out in two steps. The first explains the rent creation process. For each country-industry-year observation, the size of rents, measured by the value added price relative to the GDP price, is assumed to depend solely on direct anti-competitive regulations on services and goods. The second step explains the rent sharing process. Three destinations of rents are distinguished for each country-industry-year observation: upstream industries, capital and labour. The main empirical findings are as follows. Regarding the rent creation, direct anti-competitive regulations are associated with a very significant rise in rent size. Concerning the rent sharing, the capital share in value added appears to i) increase with rent size, decrease with anti-competitive regulation in upstream sectors and increase with the industry specific output gap; ii) decrease with the national output gap, increase with the national employment rate and decrease with employment protection regulation; iii) increase with the interaction of rent size and the unemployment rate and decrease with the interaction of rent size and employment protection regulations. These results confirm the existence of three destinations for rents. They also show that the magnitude of each destination depends on the market power of its beneficiary. All these results are robust to a variety of sensitivity checks.
Biochemical Markers Present in a Population Susceptible to Suffering From Metabolic Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (SM) according to Adult Treatment Panel III ATPIII and its relation with uric acid concentration and C-reactive protein, in people aged from 45 to 60 years old from the Getsemani neighborhood of Cartagena city, Colombia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Type of study: Observational, Descriptive-Correlation. Population of 802 inhabitants from the Getsemani neighborhood of Cartagena city. We analyzed 302 inhabitants from a random sample with 95% confidence level and 5% of error level. The ATP III diagnostic criteria were applied, the applied instrument had basic data about the general context (social, demographic, economic aspects, family history, work activity and its physical characteristics: weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, calculation of BMI), as well diagnostic tests as: glycaemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLc, LDLc, uric acid, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein. RESULTS: The population susceptible to metabolic syndrome presented a prevalence of 18%. The most prevalent metabolic syndrome factor was abdominal obesity with 85%, followed by an increase in triglycerides by 76%. CONCLUSION: When applying the ATP III criteria, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was considered high. There was no significant association of C-reactive protein values with the possibility of developing metabolic syndrome in both men and women, but uric acid results were found to be correlated in the group of women susceptible to MS with a p = 0.0022.
Do Emission Trading Schemes Facilitate Efficient Abatement Investments? An Experimental Study

Cap-and-trade programs, such as the EU carbon Emission Trading Scheme, are currently the most prominent market-based method used to reduce carbon emissions. Cap-and-trade programs are, on theoretical grounds, considered to be a cost-efficient method. Experimental evidence, however, shows that experimental subjects make highly inefficient abatement choices and that permit allocation methods (allocating permits for free or against payment) bias subjects to too much or too little abatement. The experimental evidence thus suggests that cap-and-trade programs may in practice be more costly than theory predicts. This study, however, challenges this interpretation and shows that, when they are price takers (as in thick markets) and have ample opportunities for learning, subjects quickly learn to make accurate decisions and that these decisions are not affected by the permit allocation method.
The Relationship between Early Literacy Experiences , Receptive Language and the Phonological Loop : Assessment of Turkish Children Aged 48-66 Months

The study was aimed at identifying the possible relationships between home literacy experiences, receptive language skills and the phonological loop component of working memory. The study group comprised 60 preschoolers (25 female, 35 male) aged 48-66 months who were native speakers of Turkish. In the study, the Turkish Nonword Repetition List (TNWRL) (Akoğlu and Acarlar, 2014) was used to assess the phonological loop, the Test of Early Language Development – Turkish Version (TEDL-T) (Topbaş and Güven, 2011) was employed for the assessment of receptive language skills, and the Home Early Literacy Environment Questionnaire (HLE) (Sarıca, Ergül, Akoğlu, Deniz, Karaman, Bahap-Kudret et al., 2014) was used to asess home literacy experiences. The study results revealed that mother’s educational attainment, gender and chronological age were effective on the children’s performance in the HLE– Reading and Shared Book Reading subtest, receptive language standard score and CPPN. In addition, there was a moderate positive and significant relationship between the HLE – Reading subtest and CPPN.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Emergency Contraception among Female Students in Preparatory School of East Shoa, Adama, Ethiopia

Background: Emergency contraception are birth control measures that, if taken after unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure, incorrect use of contraceptives or in cases of sexual assault may prevent pregnancy. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of female preparatory students towards emergency contraception in April, 2015. Method: The study was conducted in Adama city of Oromia region on 280 female students of Hawas preparatory school on 13 to 18 April, 2015. A cross sectional study design was conducted and Participants were selected using simple random sampling method. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaires. Data processing and analysis: The collected data was entered into a computer and analyzed using statistical package of social science version 16.0. Result: In this study it was found that, 182 (65%) out of the study participants had a knowledge about emergency contraception most 143 (51.1%) of them reported that they know post pills and 20 (7.01%) of study participants had good knowledge about emergency contraception. Among 280 the study participants, 204 (72.9%) believe that emergency contraception is a good drug of option to prevent unwanted pregnancy and about 165 (59%) of them had positive attitude towards emergency contraceptives whereas 33 (11.78%) study participants had good practice of emergency contraception. Conclusion and recommendation: Even though this study revealed that some students` knowledge and practice towards emergency contraception was good, the improvement of female students’ knowledge about specific details of the method and timely utilization of emergency contraception is still required. Therefore Hawas Preparatory school shall better improve knowledge of emergency contraception among the students by arranging different coffee debate.
Analyzing the Relationship between Happiness, Teachers' Level of Satisfaction with Life and Classroom Management Profiles

The purpose of this study is to determine the predictive role of happiness and a teachers' level of satisfaction with life, on their classroom management profiles. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Classroom Management Profile Inventory have been administered to 384 teachers employed in state-run secondary education institutes in the districts of Ankara city. According to t-test results, there was a significant difference between the satisfaction with life and authoritarian classroom management profile, with respect to gender. One-way variance analysis (ANOVA) results exhibited that with respect to seniority no difference was detectable between happiness and a teachers' level of satisfaction with life and their classroom management profiles. Findings from a correlation analysis put forth a positive relationship between happiness and a satisfaction with life, and an appreciative classroom management profile, whereas a negative relationship was detected in relation to an indifferent classroom management profile. Findings from multiple regression analysis indicated that happiness and satisfaction with life are significant predictors of appreciative and indifferent classroom management profiles. At the end of this research some suggestions have been offered to elevate the happiness and satisfaction of teachers in general.
Leaving mum alone? The effect of parental divorce on children√≠s leaving home decisions

There is a growing literature considering the relationship between parental divorce and children√≠s life-course patterns. However, there is no general consensus on whether parental separation accelerates or postpones children√≠s transition to adulthood. The aim of this paper is to add to this literature by analyzing the effect of parental divorce on the timing of nest-leaving of young adults. After providing descriptive findings using the recent Gender and Generations Survey (GGS) for five European countries (France, Georgia, Hungary, Italy, Russia), we assess the extent to which the associations between divorce and nest-leaving timing is masked by different effects. First, do children of divorced parents develop different characteristics (e.g., human capital construction and socialization) which in turn make them leave the parental home at a different rate? Secondly, do children of divorced people leave the parental home at a different age because of the new family structure? Our findings show that children who experienced divorce leave home at a faster rate, but the last child in the household √± who would leave the mother alone √± delays his/her departure.
ORGANIC C DYNAMICS IN GRASSLAND SOILS. 2. MODEL VALIDATION AND SIMULATION OF THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CULTIVATION AND RAINFALL EROSION

The amounts of organic matter in native prairie and in an adjacent cultivated field were compared with the output from a simulation model describing organic matter dynamics. The effects of past and possible future soil management practices, and the loss of organic C through rainfall erosion were incorporated into the simulation study. Seventy years of cultivation increased the bulk density of the A horizon by an average of 16% along the catena of a Black Chernozemic soil. Organic C had decreased by 36% in the soil profile at the mid-slope position. Losses of organic N were 5–10% less. Depletion of organic C and N from the Ah horizon accounted for > 90% of the total loss from the soil profile. Therefore, extrapolation of data from surface soil, based solely on changes in the concentration of organic C and N, could result in an overestimation of organic matter losses from soils. Microbial biomass in the Ap horizon of the crop-summer-fallow site was 30% less than in the Ah horizon of the native prairie. The .
Changing EPP parameters in the history of English: accounting for variation and change

This article presents a novel ‘Kaynian’ analysis of Old and Middle English (OE and ME) word-order patterns in terms of which the patterns attested at the various stages of OE and ME are analysed as the output of a single grammar which, however, permits restricted types of variation. We propose that the West Germanic-like OE word orders were derived via the application of two types of ‘large XP’ movement – VP raising to SpecvP and vP raising to SpecTP – which are in fact pied-piping operations: in both cases, a DP contained within VP and vP – the object and the subject respectively – constitutes the actual Goal of movement, with the larger structure simply being pied piped along. Orders unlike West Germanic in both OE and ME, and synchronic variation more generally, are shown to be derived from the side-by-side availability in the OE and ME grammar of pied piping and ‘stranding’, and the word-order changes that occurred in ME are analysed as the consequence of a reanalysis of the ever more liberal ‘stranding’-permitting pied-piping grammar as one which specifically targets DPs.
High Efficiency Mix Energy System Design with Low Carbon Footprint for Wide-Open Workshops

© 2012 Gil-Lopez et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. High Efficiency Mix Energy System Design with Low Carbon Footprint for Wide-Open Workshops
Spatially resolved study of quantum efficiency droop in InGaN light-emitting diodes

We investigate the spatial variation of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of InGaN light-emitting diodes. Two different types of EQE droop are examined in one single device, offering unambiguous analyses on the underlying material physics without the complications of the processing variation. The interplays of microscopic defects, extended defects, and energy fluctuation dictate the mechanisms of the droop, which represents a common theme in various optoelectronic devices. The two droop types correspond to the two extreme situations of energy fluctuation that affects the carrier diffusion and recombination. The finding suggests ways for improving the device performance, depending on operation conditions.
Spherical near-field - far-field transformation for quasi-planar antennas from irregularly spaced data

An effective near-field - far-field (NF - FF) transformation with spherical scanning for quasi-planar antennas from irregularly spaced data is developed in this paper. Two efficient approaches for evaluating the regularly spaced spherical samples from the nonuniformly distributed ones are proposed and numerically compared. Both the approaches rely on a nonredundant sampling representation of the voltage measured by the probe, based on an oblate ellipsoidal modelling of the antenna under test. The former employs the singular value decomposition method to reconstruct the NF data at the points fixed by the nonredundant sampling representation and can be applied when the irregularly acquired samples lie on nonuniform parallels. The latter is based on an iterative technique and can be used also when such a hypothesis does not hold, but requires the existence of a biunique correspondence between the uniform and nonuniform samples, associ- ating at each uniform sampling point the nearest irregular one. Once the regularly spaced spherical samples have been recovered, the NF data needed by a probe compensated NF - FF transformation with spherical scanning are efficiently evaluated by using an optimal sampling interpolation algorithm. It is so possible to accurately compensate known posi- tioning errors in the NF - FF transformation with spherical scanning for quasi-planar antennas. Some numerical tests assessing the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed approaches are reported.
Stalagmite water content as a proxy for drip water supply in tropical and subtropical areas

Abstract. In this pilot study water was extracted from samples of two Holocene stalagmites from Socotra Island, Yemen, and one Eemian stalagmite from southern continental Yemen. The amount of water extracted per unit mass of stalagmite rock, termed "water yield" hereafter, serves as a measure of its total water content. Based on direct correlation plots of water yields and δ18Ocalcite and on regime shift analyses, we demonstrate that for the studied stalagmites the water yield records vary systematically with the corresponding oxygen isotopic compositions of the calcite (δ18Ocalcite). Within each stalagmite lower δ18Ocalcite values are accompanied by lower water yields and vice versa. The δ18Ocalcite records of the studied stalagmites have previously been interpreted to predominantly reflect the amount of rainfall in the area; thus, water yields can be linked to drip water supply. Higher, and therefore more continuous drip water supply caused by higher rainfall rates, supports homogeneous deposition of calcite with low porosity and therefore a small fraction of water-filled inclusions, resulting in low water yields of the respective samples. A reduction of drip water supply fosters irregular growth of calcite with higher porosity, leading to an increase of the fraction of water-filled inclusions and thus higher water yields. The results are consistent with the literature on stalagmite growth and supported by optical inspection of thin sections of our samples. We propose that for a stalagmite from a dry tropical or subtropical area, its water yield record represents a novel paleo-climate proxy recording changes in drip water supply, which can in turn be interpreted in terms of associated rainfall rates.
is a deregulated isoform of plasma membrane Ca 2 +-ATPase of Arabidopsis thaliana

pg. 5 Introduction Ca homeostasis in plant cell pg. 9 Generation of Ca signals: influx systems pg. 11 Generation of Ca signals: efflux systems pg. 13 P-type ATPases pg. 14 Plant Ca-ATPases pg. 16 Regulation of ACA pg. 20 Aim of the work pg. 23
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded Directly or Indirectly With Adhesive Resin Cements to Bovine Enamel

The indirect bonding process was first described by Silverman and Cohen [1,2] in 1972. Since then, several different techniques for indirect bonding have been proposed, with different bracket preparation (standard or individualized), different types of transfer (single or jigs or full arches) and different materials (acrylic resin, silicon, thermo-formed material) [3-5]. The indirect bonding technique offers several advantages over the direct technique [6], chair time saving, greater comfort for the patient [7,8], more precise bracket positioning [9,10], less need for repositioning during treatment (even with less experienced operators) [11-13], less stress for the dentist and less accumulation of composite cement around the base of the brackets [14,15]. This, consequently, decreases the formation of plaque and calculus during orthodontic treatment [16]. However, the indirect technique presents some disadvantages such as the need for additional impressions, the increase of lab time and costs and the possibility of having an adhesive overflow into the gingival sulcus [17]. It has been debated that the direct bonding technique may have increased bond strength as the bracket bases fit closer to the tooth surfaces, leading to fewer detachments during treatment [4]. In vitro [18,19] and in vivo studies [20,21] have been conducted to compare shear bond strength showing similar results; only one study reported significantly lower adhesion values [22]. However, the materials tested in that study included a self-etching primer and a total-etching primer. Materials play a key role in shear bond strength: previous studies on dental cements have shown that many features of composites, including hardness, tensile and compressive strength, and flexural modulus may vary when different bonding technique or curing modes are used. Indeed, polymerization shrinkage of the composite material may cause gaps between the adhesive and the enamel surface and lead to microleakage, thus facilitating detachment or the formation of white spot lesions under the bracket [23]. In this study, we aimed to analyze whether there exists a significant difference in shear bond strength and microleakage formation using direct and indirect bonding techniques with two different resin cements.