Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivos de abandono de clientes de una organización deportiva

El abandono en el deporte es un problema complejo en el que influyen multiples razones, suponiendo ademas, un problema economico y de salud publica. En este sentido, se echa en falta un instrumento de facil aplicacion para los centros deportivos que les aporte informacion relevante sobre los motivos de abandono, al tiempo que cumpla con las propiedades que cualquier instrumento de medicion debe reunir. En este estudio se: ? Diseno, valido y verifico la fiabilidad de un instrumento como medio de evaluacion de los motivos de abandono de la actividad fisica organizada que se desarrolla en diferentes centros deportivos. Asi, se hizo un inventario, un analisis estadistico de los items, un analisis factorial exploratorio, asi como el analisis de su validez y fiabilidad. Realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio y se contrasto posteriormente la validez discriminante de una escala relativa al abandono de centros deportivos. Se hizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio con el programa AMOS. 20. Posteriormente se constato la validez discriminante mediante tres procedimientos diferentes con los programas SPSS. 20 y AMOS. 20: calculo de correlaciones entre factores, construccion de intervalos de confianza de la correlacion de factores al 95% de confianza y estimacion de modelos alternativos. Averiguo las diferencias en las caracteristicas sociodemograficas y los motivos de abandono de clientes que habian causado baja en un centro deportivo, en funcion del tiempo en el que permanecieron como usuarios a este. Conocio los motivos que originan el abandono de la actividad fisica en los centros deportivos al tiempo que se intento homogeneizar en segmentos. Se realizaron analisis descriptivos y de clusters. En conclusion a este estudio se puede afirmar que se dispone de una herramienta valida y fiable para estudiar el fenomeno del abandono en centros deportivos, que depende de cinco factores y doce items que cumple con los requisitos de validez y fiabilidad exigibles en un instrumento de investigacion cientifica. Los resultados mostraron el ? motivo economico? , la principal causa de abandono independientemente del tiempo durante el que los clientes fueron usuarios del centro, asi como existieron diferencias significativas para las variables edad, ocupacion, tipo de actividad y tiempo que dedicaban a la practica deportiva.
Quantitative evaluation of movement using the timed up-and-go test

In this study, the combined use of an accelerometer and rate gyrosensor to identify the activity phases of the timed up-and-go test (TUG-T) was proposed. Measurements during clinical rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients have been attempted using a triaxial accelerometer to measure the activity objectively, which allows a quantitative evaluation. A waist gyrosensor is useful for measuring the postural displacement with high accuracy. By using both the accelerometer and gyrosensor signals, it was possible to detect the activity phases, which were similar to those observed by the therapists. In addition, the walking activity was extracted from the TUG-T, and the RMS value and CV from the acceleration were calculated in every walking cycle. A qualitative difference between the subjects who could walk independently and those requiring supervision was revealed.
Ngram-based versus Phrase-based Statistical Machine Translation

This work summarizes a comparison between two approaches to Statistical Machine Translation (SMT), namely Ngram-based and Phrase-based SMT. In both approaches, the translation process is based on bilingual units related by word-to-word alignments (pairs of source and target words), while the main differences are based on the extraction process of these units and the statistical modeling of the translation context. The study has been carried out on two different translation tasks (in terms of translation dif(cid:2)culty and amount of available training data), and allowing for distortion (reordering) in the decoding process. Thus it extends a previous work were both approaches were compared under monotone conditions. We (cid:2)nally report comparative results in terms of translation accuracy, computation time and memory size. Re-sults show how the ngram-based approach outperforms the phrase-based approach by achieving similar accuracy scores in less computational time and with less memory needs.
The characterization of oil‐degrading microorganisms from lubricating oil contaminated (scale) soil

Aims: To isolate and characterize oil‐degrading microorganisms from contaminated (scale) soil. Methods and Results: Oil‐degrading microorganisms were isolated from enrichment cultures of scale soil. Each isolate was identified using 16S rDNA gene and oil degradability was determined on both unused and used lubricating oil. The weight of the extracted remaining oil revealed that most isolates degraded unused lubricating oil more than used lubricating oil. Chemical composition of oil analysed by TLC‐FID and GC‐MS demonstrated that Nocardia simplex W9 degraded used oil the best, and resulted in a decrease in saturates, aromatics and resins to 52·46, 38·13 and 18·81%, respectively. Conclusions:Nocardia simplex W9 is the best degrader, among all the isolates, on both used and unused lubricating oil. Significance and Impact of the Study: The presence of Nocardia simplex W9 in scale soil enables iron to be recycled by biodegradation.
Interactions between MAOA and SYP polymorphisms were associated with symptoms of attention—deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese Han subjects

As candidate genes of attention—deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), and synaptophysin (SYP) are both on the X chromosome, and have been suggested to be associated with the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD‐I). The present study is to investigate the potential gene–gene interaction (G × G) between rs5905859 of MAOA and rs5906754 of SYP for ADHD in Chinese Han subjects. For family‐based association study, 177 female trios were included. For case‐control study, 1,462 probands and 807 normal controls were recruited. The ADHD Rating Scale‐IV (ADHD‐RS‐IV) was used to evaluate ADHD symptoms. Pedigree‐based generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (PGMDR) for female ADHD trios indicated significant gene interaction effect of rs5905859 and rs5906754. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) indicated potential gene–gene interplay on ADHD RS‐IV scores in female ADHD‐I. No associations were observed in male subjects in case‐control analysis. In conclusion, our findings suggested that the interaction of MAOA and SYP may be involved in the genetic mechanism of ADHD‐I subtype and predict ADHD symptoms. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palaeogenomes of Eurasian straight-tusked elephants challenge the current view of elephant evolution

The straight-tusked elephants Palaeoloxodon spp. were widespread across Eurasia during the Pleistocene. Phylogenetic reconstructions using morphological traits have grouped them with Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), and many paleontologists place Palaeoloxodon within Elephas. Here, we report the recovery of full mitochondrial genomes from four and partial nuclear genomes from two P. antiquus fossils. These fossils were collected at two sites in Germany, Neumark-Nord and Weimar-Ehringsdorf, and likely date to interglacial periods ~120 and ~244 thousand years ago, respectively. Unexpectedly, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses suggest that P. antiquus was a close relative of extant African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis). Species previously referred to Palaeoloxodon are thus most parsimoniously explained as having diverged from the lineage of Loxodonta, indicating that Loxodonta has not been constrained to Africa. Our results demonstrate that the current picture of elephant evolution is in need of substantial revision. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.25413. 001
Mechanism of De Novo Branched-Chain Amino Acid Synthesis as an Alternative Electron Sink in Hypoxic Aspergillus nidulans Cells

ABSTRACT Although branched-chain amino acids are synthesized as building blocks of proteins, we found that the fungus Aspergillus nidulans excretes them into the culture medium under hypoxia. The transcription of predicted genes for synthesizing branched-chain amino acids was upregulated by hypoxia. A knockout strain of the gene encoding the large subunit of acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS), which catalyzes the initial reaction of the synthesis, required branched-chain amino acids for growth and excreted very little of them. Pyruvate, a substrate for AHAS, increased the amount of hypoxic excretion in the wild-type strain. These results indicated that the fungus responds to hypoxia by synthesizing branched-chain amino acids via a de novo mechanism. We also found that the small subunit of AHAS regulated hypoxic branched-chain amino acid production as well as cellular AHAS activity. The AHAS knockout resulted in higher ratios of NADH/NAD+ and NADPH/NADP+ under hypoxia, indicating that the branched-chain amino acid synthesis contributed to NAD+ and NADP+ regeneration. The production of branched-chain amino acids and the hypoxic induction of involved genes were partly repressed in the presence of glucose, where cells produced ethanol and lactate and increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase activity. These indicated that hypoxic branched-chain amino acid synthesis is a unique alternative mechanism that functions in the absence of glucose-to-ethanol/lactate fermentation and oxygen respiration.
A Multimodal System for Public Speaking with Real Time Feedback

We have developed a multimodal prototype for public speaking with real time feedback using the Microsoft Kinect. Effective speaking involves use of gesture, facial expression, posture, voice as well as the spoken word. These modalities combine to give the appearance of self-confidence in the speaker. This initial prototype detects body pose, facial expressions and voice. Visual and text feedback is displayed in real time to the user using a video panel, icon panel and text feedback panel. The user can also set and view elapsed time during their speaking performance. Real time feedback is displayed on gaze direction, body pose and gesture, vocal tonality, vocal dysfluencies and speaking rate.
Elements of Corporate Hedging Policy

Corporate hedging refers to the use of off-balance-sheet instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to reduce the volatility of a firm’s value. The rationale behind corporate hedging is value-maximization through risk management. This study uses firms’ financial data from two separate periods: 1999 to represent economic prosperity before the stock market bubble burst; and 2001 to represent economic slowdown after the crash. A comparison of the company’s financial status before and after the crash, should surmise whether corporate hedgers perform better than non-hedgers during economic downturns. Based on empirical evidence, in general, firms hedge to increase their value by reducing their expected tax liability and alleviating their financial distress costs. Firms with higher leverage are more likely to hedge. However, the evidence is mixed with respect to other determinants of hedging, such as contracting costs and capital market imperfections. Nevertheless, the results suggest that during economic downturn, firms that hedge outperform those that choose not to hedge.
Azacitidine prolongs overall survival compared with conventional care regimens in elderly patients with low bone marrow blast count acute myeloid leukemia.

PURPOSE In a phase III randomized trial, azacitidine significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) compared with conventional care regimens (CCRs) in patients with intermediate-2- and high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Approximately one third of these patients were classified as having acute myeloid leukemia (AML) under current WHO criteria. This analysis compared the effects of azacitidine versus CCR on OS in this subgroup. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous azacitidine 75 mg/m(2)/d or CCR (best supportive care [BSC] only, low-dose cytarabine (LDAC), or intensive chemotherapy [IC]). RESULTS Of the 113 elderly patients (median age, 70 years) randomly assigned to receive azacitidine (n = 55) or CCR (n = 58; 47% BSC, 34% LDAC, 19% IC), 86% were considered unfit for IC. At a median follow-up of 20.1 months, median OS for azacitidine-treated patients was 24.5 months compared with 16.0 months for CCR-treated patients (hazard ratio = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.79; P = .005), and 2-year OS rates were 50% and 16%, respectively (P = .001). Two-year OS rates were higher with azacitidine versus CCR in patients considered unfit for IC (P = .0003). Azacitidine was associated with fewer total days in hospital (P < .0001) than CCR. CONCLUSION In older adult patients with low marrow blast count (20% to 30%) WHO-defined AML, azacitidine significantly prolongs OS and significantly improves several patient morbidity measures compared with CCR.
Two Measures of Core Inflation: A Comparison

Trimmed-mean personal consumption expenditure (PCE) inflation does not clearly dominate PCE inflation excluding food and energy in real-time forecasting of headline PCE inflation. However, trimmed-mean inflation is the superior communications and policy tool because it has been a less-biased real-time estimator of headline inflation and because it more successfully filters out headline inflation? s transitory variation, leaving only cyclical and trend components.
Motivational Perspectives on Chronic Pain

This edited volume is the first to present a cohesive account of adaptation to chronic pain from a motivational perspective. Across the 15 chapters, scholars from diverse domains of psychology explore the multileveled and bidirectional nature of pain and motivation, drawing from a broad array of constructs, including self-regulation, goal systems, cognitive control, attention, conflict, interpersonal processes, coping, conditioning, and stress reactivity. Also addressed is the relation between pain and psychopathology, the nature of pain-affect dynamics, and the neural mechanisms underlying the pain experience. Applied considerations are presented in chapters on Motivational Interviewing, ACT, Internet-based methods, and related clinical topics. Our volume provides an up-to-date compendium of cutting-edge research and interventions that collectively illustrate the utility of viewing chronic pain as neither a “disease” nor an imposed lifestyle, but as the emergent and potentially flexible product of a complex transactional system that is bounded by sociocultural factors, on the one hand, and by biogenetic and neural moderating forces on the other. The chapters capture the vibrancy of current theory, research, and practice while pointing toward unexplored new directions. Students and seasoned pain researchers will find within the motivation-centered framework a host of intriguing ideas to complement extant formulations. And those engaged in treating/training persons with chronic pain will discover the unique, integrative value of motivational models.
Improving Energy-Based Estimates of Monsoon Location in the Presence of Proximal Deserts

Two theoretical frameworks have been widely used to understand the response of monsoons to local and remote forcings: the vertically integrated atmospheric energy budget and convective quasi-equilibrium (CQE). Existing forms of these frameworks neglect some of the complexities of monsoons, such as the shallow meridional circulations that advect dry air from adjacent deserts into the middle and lower troposphere of monsoon regions. Here the fidelity of energy budget and CQE theories for monsoon location is assessed in a three-dimensional beta-plane model with boundary conditions representative of an off-equatorial continent with a tropical grassland and an adjacent subtropical desert. Energy budget theories show mixed success for various SST and land surface albedo forcings, with the ITCZ being collocated with the energy flux equator but a non-monotonic relationship existing between ITCZ latitude and cross-equatorial energy transport. Accounting for the off-equatorial position of the unperturbed energy flux equator is shown to be important when a linearization of meridional energy transports is used to quantitatively diagnose ITCZ location. CQE theories that diagnose ITCZ location based on the subcloud moist static energy maximum are shown to have large biases; accounting for convective entrainment of dry air by using a lower-tropospheric mean moist static energy provides a more correct diagnosis of ITCZ location. Finally, it is shown that although ITCZ shifts can be diagnosed by modified CQE and energy budget frameworks, neither can be used in a quantitatively prognostic capacity due to unpredictable feedbacks that are often larger than the imposed forcing.
Apoptosis, the Role of Oxidative Stress and the Example of Solar UV Radiation

The solar UV that reaches the earth's surface is divided into two components, UVB (280-320 nm) and UVA (320-380 nm). The UVB component, which is directly absorbed by cellular macromolecules including DNA and protein, causes DNA photodamage and mutagenesis. In contrast, UVA is weakly absorbed by most biomolecules but is oxidative in nature, generating reactive oxygen species (R0S)t such as singlet oxygen ('0,) via interaction with intracellular chromophores (1,2), In humans, both acute and chronic exposure to sunlight are associated with various physiological and pathological states. The acute response leads to immediate effects such as erythema, sunburn, pigmentation, hyperplasia, immunothe necessity of understanding the phenomenon in order to develop therapeutic strategies for control of the carcinogenesis process. Indeed, dysregulation of the apoptotic mechanism in skin can lead to erythema multiforme, lichen planus, papillomas and skin cancer (8). However, interest in the link between UV and apoptosis has increased since Godar et al. (9) demonstrated that the oxidizing UVA component of sunlight and the primarily direct-acting, DNA-damaging UVB component of sunlight cause quite different types of apoptosis in a murine lymphoma cell line. The main purpose of this overview is to draw together some of the new findings in this area and discuss the different intracellular mechanisms by which short and long wavelengths of solar UV may induce apoptosis.
Psychological Problem Factors Faced by Staff Nurses Working in Hospitals

The paper aims to describe perceived psychological problems faced by Staff Nurses working in hospitals. There by the paper illustrates Professional, Personality, Stress and Situational factors that are felt contributing in explaining the psychological problems of Staff nurses working in hospitals. Various coping strategies such as curative, proactive and preventive methodologies to overcome such psychological problems that are discussed are explained as a part of the study. The paper concludes with giving elaborate details of psychological problems of staff nurses both intrinsic and extrinsic and how significant is to address them as their service to humanity to a large extent would be affected if left without suitable treatment.
Fine-scale haplotype structure reveals strong signatures of positive selection in a recombining bacterial pathogen

Identifying the forces that create and shape ecologically meaningful variation in bacteria remains an important challenge. For recombining bacteria, the sign and strength of linkage provide a unique lens into ongoing selection. We show derived alleles less than 300bp apart in Neisseria gonorrhoeae exhibit more coupling linkage than repulsion linkage, a pattern that cannot be explained by limited recombination or neutrality as these couplings are significantly stronger for nonsynonymous alleles compared to synonymous alleles. While linkage is shaped by many evolutionary processes, extensive simulations show only two distinct forms of positive selection can drive an excess of coupling linkage between neighboring nonsynonymous alleles: directional selection on introgressed alleles or selection that maintains distinct haplotypes in the presence of recombination. Our results establish a framework for identifying patterns of selection in fine-scale haplotype structure that indicate specific ecological processes in species that recombine with distantly related lineages or possess coexisting adaptive haplotypes.
It Takes Time to Be Cool: On the Relationship between Hyperthermia and Body Cooling in a Migrating Seaduck

The large amount of energy expended during flapping flight is associated with heat generated through the increased work of the flight muscles. This increased muscle work rate can manifest itself in core body temperature (Tb) increase of 1–2°C in birds during flight. Therefore, episodic body cooling may be mandatory in migratory birds. To elucidate the thermoregulatory strategy of a short-distance migrant, common eiders (Somateria mollissima), we implanted data loggers in the body cavity of wild birds for 1 year, and report information on Tb during their entire migration for 19 individuals. We show that the mean body temperature during flight (TbMean) in the eiders was associated with rises in Tb ranging from 0.2 to 1.5°C, largely depending on flight duration. To understand how eiders are dealing with hyperthermia during migration, we first compare, at a daily scale, how Tb differs during migration using a before-after approach. Only a slight difference was found (0.05°C) between the after (40.30°C), the before (40.41°C) and the migration (40.36°C) periods, indicating that hyperthermia during flight had minimal impact at this time scale. Analyses at the scale of a flight cycle (flight plus stops on the water), however, clearly shows that eiders were closely regulating Tb during migration, as the relationship between the storage of heat during flight was highly correlated (slope = 1) with the level of heat dumping during stops, at both inter-individual and intra-individual levels. Because Tb at the start of a flight (TbStart) was significantly and positively related to Tb at the end of a flight (TbEnd), and the maximal attained Tb during a flight (TbMax), we conclude that in absence of sufficient body cooling during stopovers, eiders are likely to become increasingly hyperthermic during migration. Finally, we quantified the time spent cooling down during migration to be 36% of their daily (24 h) time budget, and conclude that behavioral body cooling in relation to hyperthermia represents an important time cost.