Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Affectations in photic and thermic circadian entrainment of the locomotor activity rhythm in obese volcano mouse Neotomodon alstoni

ABSTRACT Obesity affects the ability of both photic and non-photic entrainment of the locomotor activity's circadian rhythm in the volcano mouse Neotomodon alstoni. The present study aimed to recognize differences in the synchronization of semi-natural, artificial, and periods other than 24 h light cycles between lean and obese mice. Also, the entrainment to temperature cycles was explored. The results obtained indicate that the activity profiles show discrete differences in the amplitude according to the type of lighting; when exposed to 22 or 26 h photic cycles, obese mice manifest more difficulty in the entrainment of the circadian rhythm. Changes in the free-running period produced by temperature cycles were larger in lean mice than in obese mice, with variability among organisms. The above confirms that photic entrainment is more difficult in obese mice, and that temperature entrainment suggest a decreased sensibility to temperature cycles in obese mice.
Characterization of Microtubule Organizing Centers in the genus Protostelium, Including Evolutionary Implications

Microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) are cellular regions of microtubule nucleation. The best known MTOCs are those associated with the centrosome, but several non-centrosomal MTOCs are known in eukaryotes, especially in land plants. MTOCs are poorly characterized across the breadth of amoebozoan diversity, but are well-known in certain amoebozoan lineages, including the genus of protosteloid slime molds Protostelium . The structure of the MTOC is known for two non-ciliated species, P. nocturnum and P. mycophaga , as well as P. aurantium , which can reversibly become ciliated under appropriate conditions. P. nocturnum and P. mycophaga have acentriolar centrosomal MTOCs while P. aurantium has a centriole-bearing pro-kinetid that differentiates into a kinetid when the cell becomes ciliated. It was previously thought that the MTOCs of P. mycophaga and P. nocturnum were homologous to each other, and were derived from a structure reminiscent of the kinetid of P. aurantium , but recent changes in our understanding of the group’s phylogeny, as well as the realization that most isolates of P. aurantium cannot become ciliated, have called this hypothesis into question. In this thesis, a new strain of P. aurantium was isolated. This strain, which was unable to produce cilia when isolated, was characterized ultrastructurally and found to have an MTOC typical of non-ciliated Protostelium spp. After ultrastructural work was complete, ciliated cells were unexpectedly found in one culture of the new isolate. The significance of these findings, and their implications for the evolutionary history of Protostelium , are discussed. ABSTRACT Protostelium aurantium is the only member of the monophyletic genus Protostelium in which any isolates have ever been shown to produce ciliated cells. Contrary to what one might expect, P. aurantium is not sister to the rest of the clade, but instead emerges from one of the more terminal nodes. Furthermore, cilia have not been observed in all isolates, and ciliated isolates do not form a monophyletic group. Centrosomes have previously been ultrastructurally characterized in two additional members of the group, P. mycophaga and P. nocturnum . These organisms lost the ability to produce cilia independently of each other, but the structures of their centrosomes are identical. In this study, a new strain of P. aurantium was isolated and found to be non-ciliated. The structure of its microtubule organizing center (MTOC) was characterized to help understand the nature of MTOCs in the genus, and found to bear strong resemblance to the centrosomes of P. mycophaga and P. nocturnum . After ultrastructural work was completed, amoebae of the new isolate unexpectedly became ciliated, suggesting that ciliated and non-ciliated forms of P. aurantium represent alternate life history stages. The implications of these findings for the evolutionary history of the genus Protostelium are discussed.
Substrates with organic residues in Fritillaria cirrhosa seedlings for bulbus production

China is abundant in organic residues from agricultural and forestry efforts. Bulbus Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don (BFC) is a precious wild herb of Liliaceae that grows in the Tibetan area of China and the bulbs are used as a source of medicine. The shortage of germplasm resources restricts the development of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, so improved cultivation methods are urgently needed. The objective of this study was to study the effects of different substrates on the growth of F. cirrhosa seedlings. Sawdust and vermi-compost are common organic residues and were selected as nursery materials to supplement efforts to cultivate Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don from ripe seeds and bulbs. The experiments were conducted in a plastic greenhouse in Ya’an of Sichuan Province from January to May 2013. Vegetative parameters of leaf length, leaf width, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, and bulb size and fresh weight were measured. Additionally, the emergence ratio and preservation rate were calculated. The following results were obtained: (1) Sowing seeds of F. cirrhosa with 70% vermi-compost and 30% sawdust gave the best emergence rate, leaf length (60 days after seedling emergence, 60 DAS), and bulb dry weight (at harvest, 93 DAS). (2) The leaf nitrogen content (60 DAS) was positively correlated with the nitrogen content of bulbs (at harvest, 93 DAS). From the data, we concluded that forestry residues such as sawdust and vermi-compost can serve as excellent growing substrates of BFC seedlings.
Consumer Choice between Hedonic and Utilitarian Goods

In this article, the authors examine how consumer choice between hedonic and utilitarian goods is influenced by the nature of the decision task. Building on research on elaboration, the authors propose that the relative salience of hedonic dimensions is greater when consumers decide which of several items to give up (forfeiture choices) than when they decide which item to acquire (acquisition choices). The resulting hypothesis that a hedonic item is relatively preferred over the same utilitarian item in forfeiture choices than in acquisition choices was supported in two choice experiments. In a subsequent experiment, these findings were extended to hypothetical choices in which the acquisition and forfeiture conditions were created by manipulating initial attribute-level reference states instead of ownership. Finally, consistent with the experimental findings, a field survey showed that, relative to market prices, owners of relatively hedonic cars value their vehicles more than do owners of relatively utilitarian cars. The authors discuss theoretical implications of these reference-dependent preference asymmetries and explore consequences for marketing managers and other decision makers.
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Steganography in Persian and Arabic Unicode Texts Using Pseudo-space and Pseudo Connection Characters

Sending information secretly and communicating covertly have been of great interest for ages. On the other hand, text documents have been widely used and consequently various methods for hiding information in texts (Text Steganography) have been developed so far. In this paper a new method is proposed for hiding information in Persian and Arabic Unicode texts. In Persian and Arabic, some letters are connected together in a word. But there are two characters, zero width non joiner (ZWNJ) and zero width joiner (ZWJ) characters, which are respectively prevents the Persian and Arabic letters from joining or forces them to join together. In this method by using these two special characters, the information is hidden in Persian and Arabic Unicode text documents. This method has a high hiding capacity because it hides one bit in each letter. Also this method does not make any apparent changes in the original text and have a perfect perceptual transparency.
Land ownership transformation before and after forest fires in Indonesian palm oil plantation areas

ABSTRACT Forest fires in Indonesia continue to pose as an alarming governmental, environmental, and societal concern. This study examines the context of land ownership transformation mainly before and after forest fires in palm oil plantation activities. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews, observation, and Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping. The majority of land transformations occurred from community property ownership to ownership by local elites, while the transformation from company to community and local elites was also found. Due to the injustice of land distribution, local communities occupy open access lands of companies’ concessions. The deliberate use of fire is a common method among smallholder to clear land for oil palm and for sold for profit as planted land. Local elites benefit from these land transformations; however, smallholders are at an economic disadvantage. We argue that forest devolution and a clear definition of community land boundaries are critical in dealing with this issue.
Incidence and antibiogram of Clostridium perfringens isolated from herbs and spices widely distributed in the Egyptian market

The present study was designed for isolation and identification of Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) from herbs and spices that are widely distributed in the Egyptian markets; and determination of the drug of choice for its control based on the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST). A total of 392 samples of herbs and spices were randomly and anonymously selected from the enormous number of samples obtained from the Egyptian markets. An overall occurrence of C. perfringens was 8.42% (33 out of 392). Separately, occurrence was higher in herbs than spices being 10.5 and 6.25%, respectively. C. perfringens isolates were identified and confirmed with macroscopical, microscopical and biochemical analysis. AST results revealed that isolates of C. perfringens from the tested herbs and spices samples were found most susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam and Penicillin-G with inhibition zones of 19.4 ± 0.98 and 16.6 ± 1.16 mm, respectively. On the other hand, the isolates were found nearly resistant to clindamycin and vancomycin with inhibition zones of 6.28 ± 0.63 and 8.78 ± 0.41 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the isolates were intermediary susceptible to trimethoprimsulphamethoxazole combination and chloramphenicol. Data of the present study indicate occurrence of C. perfringens in herbs and spices with a considerable rate and the antimicrobials of choice for its control are penicillins and ceftazidime. higher sanitation procedures in herbs and spices industry before its distribution to the Egyptian markets have been recommended.
Numerical Studies of Cosmic-Ray Injection and Acceleration

A numerical scheme that incorporates a thermal leakage injection model into a combined gasdynamics and cosmic-ray (CR) diffusion-convection code has been developed. The hydro/CR code can follow in a very cost-effective way the evolution of CR-modified planar quasi-parallel shocks by adopting subzone shock tracking and multilevel adaptive mesh refinement techniques. An additional conservative quantity, S = Pg/ργg−1, is introduced to follow the adiabatic compression accurately in the precursor region, especially in front of strong, highly modified shocks. The "thermal leakage" injection model is based on the nonlinear interactions of the suprathermal particles with self-generated MHD waves in quasi-parallel shocks. The particle injection is followed numerically by filtering the diffusive flux of suprathermal particles across the shock to the upstream region according to a velocity-dependent transparency function that controls the fraction of leaking particles. This function is determined by a single parameter, ϵ, which should depend on the strength of postshock wave turbulence but is modeled as a constant parameter in our simulations. We have studied CR injection and acceleration efficiencies during the evolution of CR-modified planar shocks for a wide range of initial shock Mach numbers, M0, assuming a Bohm-like diffusion coefficient. For expected values of ϵ the injection process is very efficient when the subshock is strong, leading to fast and significant modification of the shock structure. As the CR pressure increases, the subshock weakens and the injection rate decreases accordingly so that the subshock does not disappear. Although some fraction of the particles injected early in the evolution continue to be accelerated to ever higher energies, the postshock CR pressure reaches an approximate time-asymptotic value because of a balance between fresh injection/acceleration and advection/diffusion of the CR particles away from the shock. In the strong shock limit of M0 ≳ 30, the injection and acceleration processes are largely independent of the initial shock Mach number for a given ϵ, while they are sensitively dependent on M0 for M0 < 30. We conclude that the injection rates in strong parallel shocks are sufficient to lead to rapid nonlinear modifications to the shock structures and that self-consistent injection and time-dependent simulations are crucial to understanding the nonlinear evolution of CR-modified shocks.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE TIMELINESS OF PUBLICATION OFFINANCIAL STATEMENTS ON BANKING IN INDONESIA

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of financial ratios, firm age, firm size, and auditor's opinion on the timeliness of publication of banking financial statements listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population in this study were 87 banking companies during the period 2010-2012. The number of sample companies in this study is 29 companies. Samples were taken based on purposive sampling method. Data were analyzed using logistic regression technique.The results showed that the variable financial ratios have a significant positive effect on the timeliness of the publication of financial statements. The variable of firm size has significant influence, but has negative direction to the timeliness of publication of financial report, while the variable of firm age and auditor’s opinion does not affect the timeliness of publication of financial report.
Numerical simulation of oscillatory flow past and heat transfer from a cyllinder

Two-dimensional low-Reynolds number flow (Re=160) about a transversely oscillating heated circular cylinder placed in a uniform stream is investigated numerically using the commercial software package Ansys Fluent. The flow is simulated in a frame fixed to the cylinder and with an oscillating cross flow. The effect of oscillation amplitude on the force coefficients and heat transfer characteristics are investigated in the locked-in domain for four different temperature ratios. Comparisons include the mechanical energy transfer, time-mean and root-mean-square values of the lift and drag coefficients and Nusselt number. Keywords— Heat transfer, Lift and drag coefficients, Mechanical energy transfer, Nusselt number, Transverse oscillation
Lighting Up Dark Matter Haloes

Previous chapters of this issue have focused on the formation and evolution of cosmic structures under the influence of gravity alone. In order to make a close link between theoretical models of structure formation and observational data, it is necessary to consider the gas-dynamical and radiative processes that drive the evolution of the baryonic components of dark matter halos. These processes cover many orders of magnitude in physical sizes and time-scales and are entangled in a complex network of actions, back-reactions, and self-regulations. In addition, our understanding of them is far from being complete, even when viewed in isolation. This chapter provides a brief review of the techniques that are commonly used to link the physical properties of galaxies with the dark matter halos in which they reside. I discuss the main features of these methods, as well as their aims, limits, and complementarities.
Effect of Alarm Chemicals and Predator Kairomones on the Behaviour of Two Species of Mosquito Larvae

Mosquito larvae have developed a variety of responses to reduce the risk of predation, but this requires them to be able to identify the different species of predators and respond accordingly. We investigated the behavioural response of two mosquito species to three chemical signals: kairomones from two predators, and also to alarm semiochemicals from killed mosquito larvae. Culex perexiguus mosquito larvae are primarily surface filter-feeders. In response to all three chemical signals, they significantly reduced feeding by the high-risk active bottom scraping of biofilms in favour of the less active (and so lower predator-detection risk) surface filter feeding. Active escape swimming (instead of feeding) also increased for all three signals, but was much less for dragonfly nymph kairomones. Dragonflies are almost entirely bottom feeders and so are a much lower danger to surface feeding mosquitoes compared with damselfly nymphs, which feed at all depths. Culiseta longiareolata mosquito larvae normally have a high level of bottom-feeding. This was significantly reduced to all three chemical signals, but escape swimming only occurred for dragonfly kairomones (which are natural predators for the bottom-feeding larvae).
Ruh Sağlığında Mobil Uygulamalar: Etkinliğe Yönelik Sistematik Bir Gözden Geçirme

Son yillarda fiziksel ve ruhsal sagliga yonelik gelistirilen akilli telefon uygulamalarinin sayisi hizla artmaktadir. Kullanimi hizla yayginlasan uygulamalar ruhsal rahatsizliklarin tedavisine alternatif ve destekleyici bir secenek sunmaktadir. Bu derlemenin amaci, ruh sagligi ile ilgili mobil uygulamalarin etkinligini Randomize Kontrollu Calismalar (RKC) ile degerlendiren alanyazindaki calismalari sistematik olarak gozden gecirerek incelemektir. Calisma kapsaminda EBSCO, APA, Web of Science ve PubMed (MEDLINE) veritabanlarinda yayinlanan Ingilizce makaleler belirli bir tarih kriteri olmadan ve oncesinde belirlenen anahtar kelimeler kullanilarak taranmistir. Yapilan tarama sonucunda dahil etme kriterlerine uygun 12 arastirma bu calismaya dahil edilmistir; bu calismalar ise uygulamalarin icerigi, orneklem, calisma yontemi ve bulgular acisindan degerlendirilmistir. Calismalarda ele alinan ruhsal rahatsizliklara bakildigina genel olarak major depresif bozukluk, TSSB, yeme bozuklugu, agorafobik bozukluk ile sizofreni ve bipolar bozukluga dair oldugu gorulmektedir. Ayrica calismalarda kullanilan uygulamalarin cogunlukla bilissel davranisci terapi temelli psikoegitim ve kendini izlemeye yonelik oldugu gozlenmistir. Calismalardan elde edilen bulgular isiginda mobil uygulamalarin genel olarak hedeflenen ruhsal bozukluk belirtilerini azaltmada etkili oldugu ve katilimcilar tarafindan uygulamalarin benimsendigi ve kullaniminin kolay oldugunu rapor ettikleri gorulmustur. Bu sistematik derleme sonucunda, ruh sagligina yonelik mobil uygulamalarinin onemli bir potansiyelinin oldugu ve tedavi erisimini onemli olcude arttirabilecegi; ancak uygulamalarin icerigiyle ilgili standartlarin belirlenmesi ile birlikte farkli nitelikteki daha fazla randomize kontrollu calismalara ihtiyac duyuldugu dusunulmektedir.
Effects of Healing Forest Walks for Short Breaks on Mood State, Quality of Life, and Stress Reduction of University Hospital Workers

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of walking in the healing forests for short breaks on mood state, quality of life and stress reduction of hospital workers. For the study, 56 employees from Chungbuk University Hospital participated in the forest walks connected to the hospital using a short break three times a week for 20 minutes each for three weeks. The Korean Version of Profile of Mood States (K-POMS) and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS-SF) were used as validated measurement tools to evaluate changes in mood state and job stress. A 5-point Likert scale was used for assessment of quality of life among employees. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by paired t-test. As a result, tension, anger, confusion, and fatigue in mood state categories were decreased significantly and vigor was significantly increased after forest walks. Total mood disturbance was also decreased significantly. Quality of life for hospital workers was significantly improved after forest walks. In terms of job stress, average score of stress was significantly decreased after forest walks and especially stresses from the organizational system and improper reward were significantly decreased. The results of this study proved talking a short walk in the healing forests during breaks in daily work hours has a positive effect on mood state and life quality improvements and job stress reduction in hospital workers.
Comparative analysis of Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Micro-Computed Tomography on measurements

Microscopic measurements are widely used in scientific research and the correct equipment to perform these evaluations could be critical to determine study results. Regarding microscopic measurements, three of the most used methods are: Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Micro-computed Tomography (MCT). It is important to select the best method for assessing diverse parameters, considering operational characteristics of the method, the equipment efficiency, and the machinery cost. Aim: Therefore, the main objective of this study was to define which is the most useful measurement method for assessing magnitudes below 0.4 mm. Methods: Ten dental implants, with known dimensions as defined by the manufacturer were randomly distributed. Two blinded observers assessed the distance between the second and the third screw vortex of the implants using three suggested methods. The true distance was defined to be 0.5 mm. Results: The assessed distances were: 0.597±0.007mm for OM, 0.578±0.017mm for SEM, and 0.613±0.006mm for MCT. The assessed distances were significantly different when the methods were compared (P>0.01). All measurements were into the CAD tolerances. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that linear measurements between 595 and 605 μm could be performed by any of the described technologies.