Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL USERS AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICES: THE CASE OF INDONESIA

Implementation of e-government in Indonesia began in 2003 when the Government of Indonesia released Presidential Instruction No3/2003 regarding the National Policy and Strategy Development of E-Government. However, until then the public services that provided through egovernment are still very limited in quantity as well as quality. This paper presents the results of study that was conducted by online on Indonesian Internet users and the manager of the egovernment sites of Indonesia. Quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in this study. This research found that most Internet users have intention to use e-government. They are Internet users who have the characteristics in majority consist of: female, have age in twenty one to thirty years old, have bachelor education degree, and they have been using the Internet for a period of seven to nine years. According to the citizens’ perspective, the most critical factors to the intention to use e-government are the relative advantages of e-government and the compatibility of egovernment with the ability and life style of users. From to the government’s perspective, the most critical factors for successful implementation of e-government are the e-leadership and the opportunity to develop employees’ capacity in the technical training on e-government.
The Causes and Consequences of Attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Until the 1960s, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) were practically the only institutions of higher learning open to Blacks in the US. Using nationally representative data files from 1970s and 1990s college attendees, we find that in the 1970s HBCU matriculation was associated with higher wages and an increased probability of graduation, relative to attending a Traditionally White Institution (TWI). By the 1990s, however, there is a wage penalty, resulting in a 20% decline in the relative wages of HBCU graduates between the two decades. We also analyze the College and Beyond's 1976 and 1989 samples of matriculates which allows us to focus on two of the most elite HBCUs. Between the 1970s and 1990s, HBCU students report statistically significant declines in the proportion that would choose the same college again, preparation for getting along with other racial groups, and development of leadership skills, relative to black students in TWIs. On the positive side, HBCU attendees became relatively more likely to be engaged in social, political, and philanthropic activities. The data provide modest support for the possibility that HBCUs' relative decline in wages is partially due to improvements in TWIs' effectiveness at educating blacks. The data contradict a number of other intuitive explanations, including relative decline in pre-college credentials (e.g., SAT scores) of students attending HBCUs and expenditures per student at HBCUs.
Validation of the NIMH‐ChEFS adolescent face stimulus set in an adolescent, parent, and health professional sample

Attention to faces is a fundamental psychological process in humans, with atypical attention to faces noted across several clinical disorders. Although many clinical disorders onset in adolescence, there is a lack of well‐validated stimulus sets containing adolescent faces available for experimental use. Further, the images comprising most available sets are not controlled for high‐ and low‐level visual properties. Here, we present a cross‐site validation of the National Institute of Mental Health Child Emotional Faces Picture Set (NIMH‐ChEFS), comprised of 257 photographs of adolescent faces displaying angry, fearful, happy, sad, and neutral expressions. All of the direct facial images from the NIMH‐ChEFS set were adjusted in terms of location of facial features and standardized for luminance, size, and smoothness. Although overall agreement between raters in this study and the original development‐site raters was high (89.52%), this differed by group such that agreement was lower for adolescents relative to mental health professionals in the current study. These results suggest that future research using this face set or others of adolescent/child faces should base comparisons on similarly‐aged validation data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zygotic and embryonic gene expression in cow: a review of timing and mechanisms of early gene expression as compared with other species

Early embryonic development is largely dependent on maternal RNAs and proteins synthesised during oogenesis. Zygotic transcription is an essential event that occurs at a species-specific time after fertilisation. In the absence of zygotic transcription the embryo dies since it can no longer support requirements for successful embryo development. Molecular genetics of gene expression during early embryogenesis, especially in the bovine species, remain one of the unsolved questions in modern biology. Earlier studies suggested that embryonic transcription in cattle begins at the late 4-cell or 8-cell stage. However, more recent studies suggest that bovine zygotes and 2-cell embryos are both transcriptionally and translationally active. Moreover, changes in chromatin structure due to acetylation of core histones and DNA replication play important roles in the regulation of zygotic/embryonic gene expression. This review will summarise results of recent studies about the timing and mechanisms of zygotic/embryonic gene expression in cattle. In addition, terminology in the literature regarding gene expression during early embryogenesis will be clarified. These terminologies include: ‘zygotic/embryonic gene expression’, ‘maternal to embryonic transition in control of development (MET)’ and ‘zygotic/embryonic genome activation (ZEGA)’.
Corporate Events, Trading Activity, and the Estimation of Systematic Risk: Evidence From Equity Offerings and Share Repurchases

The authors investigate the relation between trading activity, the measurement of security returns, and the evolution of security prices by examining estimates of systematic risk surrounding equity offerings and share repurchases. In contrast to prior studies, they find no evidence of changes in systematic risk following either equity offerings or share repurchases after correcting for biases caused by infrequent trading and price adjustment delays. Moreover, changes in ordinary least squares beta estimates are significantly related to contemporaneous changes in trading activity. The authors' results have implications for studies interested in the properties of security returns, particularly those examining periods in which trading activity changes. Copyright 1994 by American Finance Association.
Clinical effectiveness of alginate silver dressing in outpatient management of partial‐thickness burns

Askina Calgitrol Ag® (B. Braun Hospicare Ltd, Collooney Co. Sligo, Ireland), alginate silver wound dressing, is an advanced wound dressing which combines the potent broad‐spectrum antimicrobial action of silver with enhanced exudate management properties of calcium alginate and polyurethane foam. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of Askina Calgitrol Ag® and 1% silver sulfadiazine (1% AgSD) in the outpatient management of partial‐thickness burn wounds at Burn Unit, Siriraj Hospital. A prospective descriptive study was conducted between January 2008 and January 2009 in Burn Unit, Division of Trauma Surgery, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand. The 65 patients with partial‐thickness burn wounds, less than 24 hours post‐burn injury, had a total body surface area (TBSA%) less than 15% were treated at Siriraj Outpatient Burn Clinic. All patients were divided into Askina Calgitrol Ag® treated group (30 patients) and 1% AgSD treated group (35 patients). The data were compared by the demographics including age, gender, % TBSA burn, pain score, number of wound dressing change, nursing time and time of wound healing. Patients included in both groups were comparable with no significant differences in demographic data of age, gender, location of burn and type of burn injury (P > 0·05 evaluated by paired Student's t‐test) between both group. The present results showed that average pain scores in the Askina Calgitrol Ag® treated group were significantly lower than the 1% AgSD treated group (2·23 ± 1·87 versus 6·08 ± 2·33, respectively) between both groups (P < 0·02). Patients treated with Askina Calgitrol Ag® had significantly lower number of wound dressing change (P < 0·02) and nursing time (P < 0·02) compared with 1% AgSD treated group. The Askina Calgitrol Ag® group needed less frequent wound dressing. Healing time was 7 ± 3·51 days after the application of Askina Calgitrol Ag®. This was significantly shorter than that of control wounds (14 ± 4·18 days). Application of Askina Calgitrol Ag® leads to a good burn wound outcome. The present study confirms the effectiveness of Askina Calgitrol Ag® in the outpatient management of partial‐thickness burn wounds.
Modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and calcium entry in leukocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis by Hypericum perforatum

Abstract Objectives Hypericum perfortarum (HP, St John's wort) is a modulator of Ca2+ entry in neutrophils and it may modulate intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) entry in leukocytes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated effects of HP on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and [Ca2+]i concentrations in serum and leukocytes of patients with MS. Methods Neutrophils of nine newly diagnosed MS patients and nine healthy subjects within four subgroups were used in the study. The first group was a control; the second group was patients with MS. The neutrophils from patient group were incubated non-specific TRPM2 channel blocker (2-APB), voltage-gated calcium channel blockers, verapamil and diltiazem (V + D) with HP before N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine stimulation, respectively. Results Neutrophil and serum lipid peroxidation, neutrophil apoptosis and [Ca2+]i levels in patients with MS were higher than in control although their levels were decreased by HP, 2-APB, and V + D incubations. The modulator role of V + D in MS and MS + HP groups was higher than in the 2-APB group. Neutrophilic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum vitamin A and E concentrations were lower in the MS group than in control. However, the neutrophil GSH-Px activity was increased by HP incubation. The neutrophil reduced glutathione, serum vitamin C and β-carotene concentrations did not change in control and patients. Discussion We observed that HP-induced protective effects on oxidative stress and [Ca2+]i concentrations by modulating transient receptor potential and voltage gated calcium channel in the patients with MS. Thus, it may provide useful treatment of neutrophil activity in the patients.
3D/2D image registration using weighted histogram of gradient directions

Three dimensional (3D) to two dimensional (2D) image registration is crucial in many medical applications such as image-guided evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders. One of the key problems is to estimate the 3D CT- reconstructed bone model positions (translation and rotation) which maximize the similarity between the digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) and the 2D fluoroscopic images using a registration method. This problem is computational-intensive due to a large search space and the complicated DRR generation process. Also, finding a similarity measure which converges to the global optimum instead of local optima adds to the challenge. To circumvent these issues, most existing registration methods need a manual initialization, which requires user interaction and is prone to human error. In this paper, we introduce a novel feature-based registration method using the weighted histogram of gradient directions of images. This method simplifies the computation by searching the parameter space (rotation and translation) sequentially rather than simultaneously. In our numeric simulation experiments, the proposed registration algorithm was able to achieve sub-millimeter and sub-degree accuracies. Moreover, our method is robust to the initial guess. It can tolerate up to ±90°rotation offset from the global optimal solution, which minimizes the need for human interaction to initialize the algorithm.
Wicksell's business cycle

Abstract The article investigates Knut Wicksell's interpretation of aggregate economic fluctuations. It is shown that Wicksell described the business cycle as oscillations of an economy with increasing population and scarce natural resources around its steady growth path ('dynamic equilibrium'), provoked by sporadic technological progress. The ‘shocks’ bring about a wave‐like motion because of psychological and technical lags in the economic structure. Wicksell's suggestion that excess net savings in the depression take the form of stocks of commodities is compared to his contemporaries’ answers to the question ‘What happens to savings during the depression? ’ The article also puts forward a relatively neglected connection between Malthus’ and Wicksell's notions of over‐production. Divergences between the natural and market rates of interest — essential to his better‐known ‘cumulative process’ ‐ are not a necessary part of Wicksell's business cycle, but they are important to explain why the upper turning‐p.
Physiologic Changes in Rowing Performance Associated with Training in Collegiate Women Rowers*

To evaluate the physiologic changes in rowing performance during the training season, selected cardiorespiratory variables were measured three times at 3-month intervals in seven collegiate women rowers during incremental exercise on the rowing ergometer. Values for maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and peak power production increased by 14% and 18%, respectively, over the 6-month period. Maximal heart rate was unchanged with training. Oxygen-pulse increased significantly (+ 14%) during the training season, while the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen did not change. Oxygen consumption as a percent of VO2 max and heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (AT) decreased during the first 3 months of predominantly aerobic training, but increased significantly in the last 3 months with greater anaerobic conditioning. The changes demonstrated by physiologic testing corresponded to the particular type of training emphasized during the 6-month period. Serial measurements of VO2 max and AT can be used to assess the benefits of specific training. Based on these results, individual guidelines for aerobic and anaerobic conditioning can be developed using the heart rate response at the AT.
The shadow institutional framework: towards a new institutional understanding of an emerging private school sector in India

While the recent emergence of private schooling targeting socially and economically disadvantaged groups in India has been noted, the broader educational discourse in India conceptualises what have been termed here ‘low‐fee private’ (LFP) schools, as a loose collection of independent ‘teaching shops’. Combining theoretical concepts from new institutional economics and the sociological variant of new institutionalism in organisational theory, empirical results from this study on LFP schooling in Lucknow District, Uttar Pradesh counter such assumptions. Far from being a fragmented set of schools, LFP schools employed the shadow institutional framework, a codified yet informal set of norms and procedures, to operate as part of a distinct private schooling sector. Despite the fact that LFP case study schools were independently owned, managed, and financed, they used the shadow framework to manipulate and mediate the formal policy and regulatory framework for their benefit and formed part of the de facto LFP sector, a sub‐sector of the greater private unaided sector. Even though the shadow framework was contrary to or usurped the official regulatory and policy framework, it operated with the knowledge and sometimes full participation of institutional actors who propelled it as a vehicle for legitimacy because of perverse incentives embedded in the formal framework. The article presents the specific norms and procedures comprising the shadow framework, and outlines the potential implications of this new private schooling sector on the provision and delivery of schooling for disadvantaged groups.
Effect of Positive Airway Pressure on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with Nonsleepy Obstructive Sleep Apnea. The RICCADSA Randomized Controlled Trial.

RATIONALE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), many of whom do not report daytime sleepiness. First-line treatment for symptomatic OSA is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), but its value in patients without daytime sleepiness is uncertain. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of CPAP on long-term adverse cardiovascular outcome risk in patients with CAD with nonsleepy OSA. METHODS This single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, blinded evaluation trial was conducted between December 2005 and November 2010. Consecutive patients with newly revascularized CAD and OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥15/h) without daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score <10) were randomized to auto-titrating CPAP (n = 122) or no positive airway pressure (n = 122). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary endpoint was the first event of repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular mortality. Median follow-up was 57 months. The incidence of the primary endpoint did not differ significantly in patients who did versus did not receive CPAP (18.1% vs. 22.1%; hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-1.41; P = 0.449). Adjusted on-treatment analysis showed a significant cardiovascular risk reduction in those who used CPAP for ≥4 versus <4 hours per night or did not receive treatment (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.86; P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Routine prescription of CPAP to patients with CAD with nonsleepy OSA did not significantly reduce long-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes in the intention-to-treat population. There was a significant reduction after adjustment for baseline comorbidities and compliance with the treatment. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT 00519597).
Flat Tax Reform: A Quantitative Exploration

This paper explores quantitatively the general equilibirum implications of a revenue neutral tax reform in which the current income and capital income tax structure in the U.S. is replaced by a flat tax, as proposed by Hall and Rabushka (1995). The central aspects of such reform, the impact of tax reform on capital accumulation, labor supply and welfare, as well as its distributional consequences, are analyzed in a dynamic general equilibrium model where key features of the actual tax code are modelled.
Policy Signals and Executive Governance: Presidential Rhetoric in the War on Drugs

One consequence of the president's use of rhetoric to shape the public agenda, the media, and congressional attention is less recognized: Presidential rhetoric shapes the priorities of the administrative agents over whom he seeks managerial control. We present statistical tests of the managerial power of presidential policy signals in the case of the United States Attorneys' implementation of the federal “War on Drugs. ” We find that presidential policy signals shifted the composition of the Attorneys' caseload, although not to the exclusion of other pertinent local, national, and internal factors. Yet, the consequences of presidential rhetoric for executive governance remain real and substantial.
Characterization of envelope proteins of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bovine herpesvirus 1) by biochemical and immunological methods

Ten glycoproteins of molecular weights of 180,000, 150,000, 130,000, 115,000, 97,000, 77,000, 74,000, 64,000, 55,000, and 45,000 (designated as 180K, 150K, etc.) and a single nonglycosylated 107,000-molecular-weight (107K) protein were quantitatively removed from purified bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) virions by detergent treatment. Immunoprecipitations with monospecific and monoclonal antibodies showed that three sets of coprecipitating glycoproteins, 180K/97K, 150K/77K, and 130K/74K/55K, were the major components of the BHV-1 envelope. These glycoproteins were present in the envelope of the virion and on the surface of BHV-1-infected cells and reacted with neutralizing monoclonal and monospecific antibodies. Antibodies to 150K/77K protein had the largest proportion of virus-neutralizing antibodies, followed by antibodies to 180K/97K protein. Monoclonal antibodies to 130K/74K/55K protein were neutralizing but only in the presence of complement; however, monospecific antisera produced with 55K protein did not have neutralizing activity. Analysis under nonreducing conditions showed that the 74K and 55K proteins interact through disulfide bonds to form the 130K molecule. Partial proteolysis studies showed that the 180K protein was a dimeric form of the 97K protein and that the 150K protein was a dimer of the 77K protein, but these dimers were not linked by disulfide bonds. The 107K protein was not glycosylated and induced antibodies that did not neutralize BHV-1. The 64K protein was not precipitated by anti-BHV-1 convalescent antisera, and monospecific antisera to this protein precipitated several polypeptides from uninfected cell lysates, suggesting that 64K is a protein of cellular origin associated with the BHV-1 virion envelope.
Information Asymmetry And Lending Equilibrium in Nigeria: A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Bank-Borrower Relationship

The use of game theory to characterise strategic relationships have gained prominence in most fields of economics. However, the application to contractual lending relationships in financial markets has been lacking. In view of the presence of information asymmetry in financial markets, this study is an attempt to characterise the nature of equilibrium that exists in Nigerian financial market, using data from 210 loans made within the last one decade among 18 commercial banks. The study joins in the debate initiated by Sharpe (1990), Fischer (1990) and von-Thadden (2001), and posits that bank-borrower lending relationship has short-run pure strategy equilibrium.
Blind spots in policy analysis: What economics doesn't say about energy use

This article describes the difficulties of reducing analysis of energy use to an application of economic theory. It shows how economic concepts of behavior direct attention selectively to some important determinants of consumer behavior and away from others; how available economic accounts of short-term change in energy use, investment in energy efficiency, and the dynamics of investment limit understanding and narrow analysts' vision; how promising policy options are overlooked as a result; and how concepts and knowledge from the noneconomic behavioral sciences can compensate. Two strategies are discussed for improving analysis. Using economic theory to guide the improvement of existing models can help, conceptual blind spots will remain. A problem-oriented approach drawing on concepts and methods from across the behavioral sciences can avoid the blind spots, but cannot be systematic. Analysis can be improved by using both approaches in concert; some implications of a combined strategy are sketched.