Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Presynchronization with gonadotropin-releasing hormone increases the proportion of Bos indicus-influenced females ovulating at initiation of synchronization but fails to improve synchronized new follicular wave emergence or fixed-time artificial insemination conception rates using intravaginal proge

The objectives were to evaluate the effect of presynchronization with GnRH on pregnancy rates (Exp. 1) and ovarian events (Exp. 2) in Bos indicus-influenced females synchronized with CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) as described below. In Exp. 1, a total of 135 Brahman x Hereford (F(1)) females were assigned randomly after stratification to 1) Presynch; presynchronization followed by CO-Synch + CIDR, or 2) No Presynch; CO-Synch + CIDR without presynchronization. On d -7, cattle received 100 microg of GnRH or 2 mL of intramuscular (i.m.) saline. On d 0, all cattle received a CIDR and i.m. injection of GnRH (GnRH-1), followed by CIDR removal and i.m. injection of 25 mg of PGF(2alpha) (PGF) on d 7, and i.m. injection of GnRH (GnRH-2) and timed AI (TAI) 66 h after CIDR removal (d 10). An additional 77 cows not involved in the Presynch comparison were also treated with CO-Synch + CIDR. Pregnancy rates for Presynch (37.3 +/- 6%) and No Presynch (48.5 +/- 6.1%) did not differ (P = 0.6). Pregnancy rate for all CO-Synch + CIDR-treated cattle combined was 41.9 +/- 6.1 (n = 145). In Exp. 2, we examined ovarian events in 98 Brahman x Hereford (F(1)) cows assigned randomly to Presynch or No Presynch. Ovulatory response to GnRH-1 was greater (P < 0.01) in the Presynch (58 +/- 7.1%) than in the No Presynch (27.1 +/- 6.5%) group. However, emergence of a synchronized new follicular wave after GnRH-1 and ovulation rate after GnRH-2 did not differ between groups (P = 0.4). Presynchronization increased the proportion of females ovulating after GnRH-1, but this did not increase synchrony of new follicular wave emergence or ovulation after GnRH-2, and did not improve TAI pregnancy rates.
The interrelations of migraine, vertigo, and migrainous vertigo

Objective: To assess the prevalence of migrainous vertigo in patients with migraine and in patients with vertigo according to explicit diagnostic criteria that are presented for discussion. Methods: The authors prospectively evaluated 200 consecutive patients from a dizziness clinic and 200 patients from a migraine clinic for migrainous vertigo based on the following criteria: 1) recurrent vestibular symptoms (rotatory/positional vertigo, other illusory self or object motion, head motion intolerance); 2) migraine according to the criteria of the International Headache Society (IHS); 3) at least one of the following migrainous symptoms during at least two vertiginous attacks: migrainous headache, photophobia, phonophobia, visual or other auras; and 4) other causes ruled out by appropriate investigations. In addition, the authors compared the prevalence of migraine according to the IHS criteria in the dizziness clinic group with a sex- and age-matched control group of 200 orthopedic patients. Results: The prevalence of migraine according to the IHS criteria was higher in the dizziness clinic group (38%) compared with the age- and sex-matched control group (24%, p < 0.01). The prevalence of migrainous vertigo was 7% in the dizziness clinic group, and 9% in the migraine clinic group. In 15 of 33 patients with migrainous vertigo, vertigo was regularly associated with migrainous headache. In 16 patients, vertigo occurred both with and without headache, and in two patients headache and vertigo never occurred together. The duration of attacks varied from minutes to days. Conclusion: These results substantiate the epidemiologic association between migraine and vertigo and indicate that migrainous vertigo affects a significant proportion of patients both in dizziness and headache clinics.
Multisegment foot motion during gait: proof of concept in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To test a multisegment foot model for kinematic analysis during barefoot walking in patients with well established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and foot impairments. METHODS Five healthy adult subjects and 11 RA patients with advanced disease were studied. Foot impairments were assessed using standardized outcomes and clinical examination techniques. A 6-camera 60 Hz video-based motion analysis system was used to measure motion of the shank, rearfoot, forefoot, and hallux segments and the vertical displacement of the navicular. Face validity and estimates of repeatability were determined. Motion patterns were calculated and comparisons were made between healthy subjects and patients with RA. Relationships between clinical impairment and abnormal motion were determined through inspection of individual RA cases. RESULTS Across the motion variables, the within-day and between-day coefficient of multiple correlation values ranged from 0.677 to 0.982 for the healthy subjects and 0.830 to 0.981 for RA patients. Based on previous studies, motion parameters for the healthy subjects showed excellent face validity. In RA patients, there was reduced range of motion across all segments and all planes of motion, which was consistent with joint stiffness. In the RA patients, rearfoot motion was shifted towards eversion and external rotation and peak values for these variables were increased, on average, by 7 degrees and 11 degrees, respectively. Forefoot range of motion was reduced in all 3 planes (between 31% and 53%), but the maximum and minimum angles were comparable to normal. The navicular height, during full foot contact, was on average 3 mm lower in the RA patients in comparison to normal. The hallux was less extended in the RA subjects in comparison to normal (21 degrees vs 33 degrees) during the terminal stance phase. Individual cases showed abnormal patterns of motion consistent with their clinical impairments, especially those with predominant forefoot pain or pes planovalgus. CONCLUSION In RA, multisegment foot models may provide a more complete description of foot motion abnormalities where pathology presents at multiple joints, leading to complex and varied patterns of impairment. This technique may be useful to evaluate functional changes in the foot and to help plan and assess logical, structurally based corrective interventions.
Precision and accuracy of imageless navigation versus freehand implantation of total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is named the most successful surgical procedure of the twentieth century. To remain a success in the twenty‐first century THA should meet the higher demands of patients and society with regard to technical and functional outcome, costs and implant survival. To meet these demands optimal acetabular cup positioning is necessary. An imageless navigation system (NAV) might prevent malpositioning of the acetabular cup in THA. The aim of this study has been to compare the precision and accuracy of the anteversion and inclination of the acetabular cup position after NAV implantation and after freehand implantation of THA.
Increases in residential and energy development are associated with reductions in recruitment for a large ungulate

Land‐use change due to anthropogenic development is pervasive across the globe and commonly associated with negative consequences for biodiversity. While land‐use change has been linked to shifts in the behavior and habitat‐use patterns of wildlife species, little is known about its influence on animal population dynamics, despite the relevance of such information for conservation. We conducted the first broad‐scale investigation correlating temporal patterns of land‐use change with the demographic rates of mule deer, an iconic species in the western United States experiencing wide‐scale population declines. We employed a unique combination of long‐term (1980–2010) data on residential and energy development across western Colorado, in conjunction with congruent data on deer recruitment, to quantify annual changes in land‐use and correlate those changes with annual indices of demographic performance. We also examined annual variation in weather conditions, which are well recognized to influence ungulate productivity, and provided a basis for comparing the relative strength of different covariates in their association with deer recruitment. Using linear mixed models, we found that increasing residential and energy development within deer habitat were correlated with declining recruitment rates, particularly within seasonal winter ranges. Residential housing had two times the magnitude of effect of any other factor we investigated, and energy development had an effect size similar to key weather variables known to be important to ungulate dynamics. This analysis is the first to correlate a demographic response in mule deer with residential and energy development at large spatial extents relevant to population performance, suggesting that further increases in these development types on deer ranges are not compatible with the goal of maintaining highly productive deer populations. Our results underscore the significance of expanding residential development on mule deer populations, a factor that has received little research attention in recent years, despite its rapidly increasing footprint across the landscape.
A Novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain with an oprD Mutation in Relation to a Nosocomial Respiratory Infection Outbreak in an Intensive Care Unit

ABSTRACT Seven imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were recovered from the sputum samples of pneumonia patients in southwestern China. They had identical antibiotic resistance patterns and indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a 4-bp (AGTC) insertion in the oprD gene, resulting in a frameshift in the cognate open reading frame. These isolates became imipenem susceptible when the chromosomal oprD lesion was complemented, indicating that the 4-bp insertion in the oprD gene resulted in imipenem resistance.
Variation in mitochondrial genotype has substantial lifespan effects which may be modulated by nuclear background

Mitochondria are thought to play a central role in aging. In humans, specific naturally occurring mitochondrial genetic variants are overrepresented among centenarians, but only in certain populations; therefore, we cannot tell whether this effect is due solely to mitochondrial genetics or to nuclear‐mitochondrial gene complexes, nor do we know the magnitude of the effect in terms we can relate to, such as mean lifespan differences. To examine the effects of natural mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation on lifespan, we need to vary the mitochondrial genotype while controlling the nuclear genotype. Here, nuclear genome replacement is achieved using strains of Drosophila melanogaster bearing multiply inverted ‘balancer’ chromosomes that suppress recombination, and an isogenic donor strain, thus forcing replacement of entire chromosomes in a single cross while suppressing recombination. Lifespans of wild‐type mtDNA variants on the chromosome replacement background vary substantially, and sequencing of the entire protein coding mitochondrial genomes indicates that these lifespan differences are sometimes associated with single amino acid differences. On other nuclear genetic backgrounds, the magnitude and direction of these lifespan effects can change dramatically, and this can be due to changes in baseline mortality risk, rate of aging and/or time of onset of aging. The limited mtDNA variation in D. melanogaster makes it an ideal organism for biochemical studies to link genotype and aging phenotype.
Higher Fat Mass Is Associated With a History of Knee Injury in Youth Sport

• STUDY DESIGN: Historical cohort study. • BACKGROUND: History of a knee joint injury and increased fat mass are risk factors for joint disease. • OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine differences in adiposity, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness between youths with a 3‐ to 10‐year history of sport‐related intraarticular knee injury and uninjured controls. • METHODS: One hundred young adults (aged 15‐26 years; 55% female) with a sport‐related intra‐articular knee injury sustained 3 to 10 years previously and 100 controls matched for age, sex, and sport, who had no history of intra‐articular knee injury, were recruited. Fat mass index (FMI) and abdominal fat (fat mass at the L1 to L4 vertebral levels) were derived using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured using the Godin Leisure‐Time Exercise Questionnaire and the multistage 20‐meter shuttle run test for aerobic fitness, respectively. • RESULTS: Previously injured participants demonstrated higher FMI (within‐pair difference, 1.05 kg/m2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.53, 1.57) and abdominal fat (461 g; 95% CI: 228, 694) than uninjured controls. In multivariable linear regression analysis, previous injury was significantly associated with increased FMI. This increase was attenuated in those who participated in higher levels of physical activity or had higher estimated maximum volume of oxygen. • CONCLUSION: As a risk factor for osteoarthritis in an already susceptible group, excess adiposity is an undesirable trait in the potential pathway to joint disease. Increasing physical activity in this population may be a potential intervention to reduce adiposity thus impede disease initiation and/or progression. • LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 2b.
Everyday technology and 86-year-old individuals in Sweden

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate everyday technology use in the homes of 86-year-old individuals in Sweden regarding usage, benefits or perceived problems and to study their perception of technical development and its influence on everyday life. Method. The design was both quantitative and qualitative. An interview was conducted during a home visit by an occupational therapist, using a questionnaire with items that included demographics and everyday technology. In addition, a qualitative section was performed, based on an interview guide. A total of 274 people participated. Results. The results indicate that watching TV was important for almost all 86-year-old individuals. This medium, combined with reading newspapers, was important for obtaining news. The most common problems in the use of everyday technology were related to visual or hearing impairments or operating difficulties. References to the Internet for further information were perceived as problematic for individuals without access to a computer. Another difficulty was automated telephone services. Cognitive deficits impeded everyday technology use and increased perceived problems. Conclusions. Access to information and services is important for being able to be an active participant in society. Everyday technology is an area that should be addressed by occupational therapists to facilitate everyday life.
Biotechnologically Relevant Enzymes and Proteins from a Metagenomic Source to a High-resolution Structure of a Novel Alkaline Esterase

Esterases catalyze the cleavage and formation of ester bonds and are members of the diverse family of α/β hydrolase fold. They are useful in industries from different sectors, such as food, detergent, fine chemicals, and biofuel production. In a previous work, 30 positive clones for lipolytic activity were identified from a metagenomic library of a microbial consortium specialized in diesel oil degradation. In this study, a putative gene encoding an esterase/lipase, denominated est8, has been cloned and the corresponding protein expressed recombinantly, purified to homogeneity and characterized functional and structurally. We show that the protein codified by est8 gene, denominated Est8, is an alkaline esterase with high catalytic efficiency against p-nitrophenyl acetate and stable in the presence of up to 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. The three-dimensional structure of Est8 was determined at 1.85-Ǻ resolution, allowing the characterization of the substrate-binding pocket and features that rationalize the preference of Est8 for short-chain sub-strates. In an attempt to increase the size of ligand-binding pocket and enzyme activity against distinct substrates of long chain, we mutated two residues (Met 213 and Phe 217) that block the substrate channel. A small increase in the reaction velocity for p-nitrophenyl butyrate and p-nitrophenyl valerate hydro-lysis was observed. Activity against p-nitrophenyl acetate was reduced. The functional and structural characterization of Est8 is explored in comparison with orthologues.
The effect of epilepsy or diabetes mellitus on the risk of automobile accidents.

BACKGROUND Previous studies of possible associations between chronic medical conditions and traffic safety have been inconsistent and subject to bias because of the incomplete identification of affected persons. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of epilepsy and diabetes mellitus have improved the control of these disorders and suggest a need to reexamine the risk of traffic mishaps among patients with these conditions. METHODS We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of 30,420 subjects 16 to 90 years of age, with and without epilepsy or diabetes mellitus. Subjects included all the licensed drivers in seven contiguous ZIP Code areas in which the Marshfield Clinic and St. Joseph's Hospital, Marshfield, Wisconsin, are the primary sources of medical care. Standardized rates of moving violations and accidents over a four-year period (1985 through 1988) were compared in affected and unaffected cohorts. RESULTS Standardized mishap ratios for subjects with diabetes were 1.14 for all moving violations (P = 0.23) and 1.32 for accidents (P = 0.01); for subjects with epilepsy the ratios were 1.13 for moving violations (P = 0.26) and 1.33 for accidents (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that drivers with epilepsy or diabetes mellitus have slightly increased risks of traffic accidents as compared with unaffected persons. The increases in risk observed in our study were generally smaller than those in previous studies, and we believe they are not great enough to warrant further restrictions on driving privileges.
Registry Data Highlight Increased Revision Rates for Endobutton/Biosure HA in ACL Reconstruction With Hamstring Tendon Autograft

Background: Compared with a patellar tendon autograft (PT), a hamstring tendon autograft (HT) has an increased risk of revision after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). There are no studies analyzing whether this can be explained by inferior fixation devices used in HT reconstruction or whether the revision risk of ACLR with an HT or a PT is influenced by the graft fixation. Purpose: To compare the risk of revision and the revision rates between the most commonly used combinations of fixation for HTs with PTs. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This study included all patients registered in the Norwegian Knee Ligament Registry from 2004 through 2013 who underwent primary PT or HT ACLR with no concomitant ligament injury and known graft fixation. The 2-year revision rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Hazard ratios (HRs) for revision at 2 years were calculated using multivariate Cox regression models. Results: A total of 14,034 patients with primary ACLR were identified: 3806 patients with PTs and 10,228 patients with HTs; the mean follow-up time was 4.5 years. In the HT group, 5 different combinations of fixation in the femur/tibia were used in more than 500 patients: Endobutton/RCI screw (n = 2339), EZLoc/WasherLoc (n = 1352), Endobutton/Biosure HA (n = 1209), Endobutton/Intrafix (n = 687), and TransFix II/metal interference screw (MIS) (n = 620). The crude 2-year revision rate for patients with PTs was 0.7% (95% CI, 0.4%-1.0%), and for patients with HTs, it ranged between the groups from 1.5% (95% CI, 0.5%-2.4%) for TransFix II/MIS to 5.5% (95% CI, 4.0%-7.0%) for Endobutton/Biosure HA. When adjusted for detected confounding factors and compared with patients with PTs, the HR for revision at 2 years was increased for all HT combinations used in more than 500 patients, and the combinations Endobutton/Biosure HA and Endobutton/Intrafix had the highest HRs of 7.3 (95% CI, 4.4-12.1) and 5.5 (95% CI, 3.1-9.9), respectively. Conclusion: The choice of fixation after ACLR with an HT has a significant effect on a patient’s risk of revision. In this study population, none of the examined combinations of HT fixation had a revision rate as low as that for a PT.
Patterns of spatio-temporal correlations in the neural activity of the cat motor cortex during trained forelimb movements

In order to study how neurons in the primary motor cortex (MI) are dynamically linked together during skilled movement, we recorded simultaneously from many cortical neurons in cats trained to perform a reaching and retrieval task using their forelimbs. Analysis of task-related spike activity in the MI of the hemisphere contralateral to the reaching forelimb (in identified forelimb or hindlimb representations) recorded through chronically implanted microwires, was followed by pairwise evaluation of temporally correlated activity in these neurons during task performance using shuffle corrected cross-correlograms. Over many months of recording, a variety of task-related modulations of neural activities were observed in individual efferent zones. Positively correlated activity (mainly narrow peaks at zero or short latencies) was seen during task performance frequently between neurons recorded within the forelimb representation of MI, rarely within the hindlimb area of MI, and never between forelimb and hindlimb areas. Correlated activity was frequently observed between neurons with different patterns of task-related activity or preferential activity during different task elements (reaching, feeding, etc.), and located in efferent zones with dissimilar representation as defined by intracortical microstimulation. The observed synchronization of action potentials among selected but functionally varied groups of MI neurons possibly reflects dynamic recruitment of network connections between efferent zones during skilled movement.
Cryogenic 2–13 GHz Eleven Feed for Reflector Antennas in Future Wideband Radio Telescopes

The system design of a cryogenic 2-13 GHz feed is considered with emphasis on its application in future wideband radio telescope systems. The feed is based on the so-called Eleven antenna and the design requires careful integration of various sub-designs in order to realize cryogenic operation. The various sub-designs include the electrical design of the Eleven antenna, design of the critical center puck, alternative solutions for integrating the Eleven antenna with low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), mechanical and cryogenic design and tests, and system noise temperature estimation and measurements. A great deal of simulated and measured results are presented throughout this paper, including the electrical, mechanical and cryogenic performance, and an assessment of the system noise temperature. The objective of this work is to present a good feed candidate that is well-suited for VLBI2010 and SKA radio telescopes. Further developments needed to completely fulfill the requirements for these future wideband radio telescopes are also discussed.