Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
t(8;13)-positive Bilineal Lymphomas: Report of 6 Cases

The 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) is a rare hematologic malignancy characterized by myeloid hyperplasia, eosinophilia, and precursor lymphoblastic lymphoma, associated with balanced translocations involving chromosome 8p11, most commonly t(8;13)(p11;q12). Approximately 75% of EMS patients present with or develop precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, and most subsequently develop acute myeloid leukemia. Here we describe the morphologic and immunophenotypic features of 6 cases of t(8;13)-positive bilineal lymphoma of mixed T-cell and myeloid lineage, 5 in lymph nodes and 1 in breast. The patients, 3 males and 3 females, ranged in age from 6 to 19 years. Histologically, each tumor was composed of 2 distinct cellular components: small to medium-sized T cells with scant cytoplasm that resembled lymphoblasts, and larger immature-appearing cells with more abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm that resembled myeloblasts, a subset of which expressed myeloid antigens. In all cases, the latter component tended to surround residual lymphoid follicles and/or blood vessels. Numerous eosinophils and prominent high endothelial venules were present in all of the lymph node specimens. Interestingly, cells of both components expressed CD3 on immunohistochemical stains. In conclusion, EMS associated with t(8;13) should be suspected in patients with a bilineal tumor that involves lymph nodes or other extramedullary sites. We believe that these bilineal neoplasms of mixed T-cell and myeloid lineages, which present as lymphoma, are analogous to bilineal leukemias. They likely arise from an early hematopoietic cell with potential to differentiate along T-cell and myeloid pathways.
Arch widths in adults with Class I crowded and Class III malocclusions compared with normal occlusions.

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that there is no difference between adults with Class I crowded (CICR), Class III (CIII), and Class I normal (CIN) occlusions with respect to (1) arch widths, (2) width of the maxillary and mandibular arches, (3) gender dimorphism within groups, and (4) gender comparisons. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of 39 CICR subjects, 40 CIII subjects, and 40 CIN subjects were studied. All subjects were white Americans with no history of orthodontic treatment. An analysis of variance and Duncan's test statistically compared the groups and genders. RESULTS The CICR group had mean maxillary and mandibular intermolar and alveolar arch widths significantly smaller than the CIN group. The CIII group had mean maxillary intermolar and alveolar arch widths significantly smaller than the CIN group. Mean maxillary and mandibular intercanine arch widths were similar in the three groups. The CICR and CIN groups had similar mean maxillary/mandibular intermolar and alveolar differences significantly larger than the negative differences observed in the CIII group. Gender dimorphisms were identical in the CIII and CIN groups. The CICR group differed by not having a gender dimorphism in the maxillary alveolar width and having a gender dimorphism in the mandibular intercanine width. Gender comparisons between groups were similar in intercanine widths but differed in other widths. CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis was rejected by the findings of this study.
Susceptibility of Different Mouse Wild Type Strains to Develop Diet-Induced NAFLD/AFLD-Associated Liver Disease

Although non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease have been intensively studied, concerning pathophysiological mechanisms are still incompletely understood. This may be due to the use of different animal models and resulting model-associated variation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare three frequently used wild type mouse strains in their susceptibility to develop diet-induced features of non-alcoholic/alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fatty liver disease associated clinical, biochemical, and histological features in C57BL/6, CD-1, and 129Sv WT mice were induced by (i) high-fat diet feeding, (ii) ethanol feeding only, and (iii) the combination of high-fat diet and ethanol feeding. Hepatic and subcutaneous adipose lipid profiles were compared in CD-1 and 129Sv mice. Additionally hepatic fatty acid composition was determined in 129Sv mice. In C57BL/6 mice dietary regimens resulted in heterogeneous hepatic responses, ranging from pronounced steatosis and inflammation to a lack of any features of fatty liver disease. Liver-related serum biochemistry showed high deviations within the regimen groups. CD-1 mice did not exhibit significant changes in metabolic and liver markers and developed no significant steatosis or inflammation as a response to dietary regimens. Although 129Sv mice showed no weight gain, this strain achieved most consistent features of fatty liver disease, apparent from concentration alterations of liver-related serum biochemistry as well as moderate steatosis and inflammation as a result of all dietary regimens. Furthermore, the hepatic lipid profile as well as the fatty acid composition of 129Sv mice were considerably altered, upon feeding the different dietary regimens. Accordingly, diet-induced non-alcoholic/alcoholic fatty liver disease is most consistently promoted in 129Sv mice compared to C57BL/6 and CD-1 mice. As a conclusion, this study demonstrates the importance of genetic background of used mouse strains for modeling diet-induced non-alcoholic/alcoholic fatty liver disease.
ROLE OF LIVER BIOPSY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LIVER DYSFUNCTION AFTER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM‐CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN A HEPATITIS B VIRUS‐PREVALENT PATIENT POPULATION1

Background. Derangement of liver function tests (LFT) is common after hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation (HSCT). The role of liver biopsy in such cases has not been defined in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐prevalent patients. The impact of liver biopsy in the management of LFT derangement after HSCT in an HBV‐prevalent population was examined. Methods. Seventy‐five liver biopsies, performed for 323 patients with LFT derangement post‐HSCT (263 allogeneic, 60 autologous), were analyzed. The HBV carrier rate was 13.6%. Results. Significantly more LFT derangements and therefore liver biopsies occurred in allogeneic versus autologous HSCT. Before biopsy, graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and HBV reactivation were clinically diagnosed in 70.6% and 25.3% of cases, respectively. A definite histopathologic diagnosis was obtained after biopsy in 53 cases, with GVHD, HBV hepatitis, and concomitant GVHD‐HBV hepatitis found in 33%, 21%, and 8% of cases, respectively. The clinical and histopathologic diagnoses were concordant in 43 cases and discordant in 9 cases. Clinical management was altered in six of nine discordant cases, five of which were caused by HBV or hepatitis C virus (HCV) reactivation. Twenty‐two biopsy specimens showed nondiagnostic histopathologic features. Twenty of these cases were successfully managed on the basis of clinical diagnoses. The clinical‐biochemical features of patients clinically diagnosed to have GVHD did not differ significantly whether or not they were HBV‐HCV carriers. However, liver biopsies in HBV‐HCV carriers resulted in significantly more treatment alterations as compared with noncarriers. Conclusions. Clinical diagnoses of LFT derangements post‐HSCT might be adequate for initiation of treatment, but liver biopsies in HBV‐HCV carriers were needed, as this might impact on management.
The dehiscent Hughes flap: outcomes and implications.

PURPOSE The modified Hughes procedure is used to reconstruct full-thickness lower eyelid defects. A tarsoconjunctival flap from the upper eyelid replaces the posterior lamella, whereas a skin graft, a skin flap, or a skin-muscle flap restores the anterior lamella. The conjunctival pedicle from the upper eyelid is divided after vascularization of the reconstructed lower eyelid is judged to be adequate (traditionally, at least 3 weeks postoperatively). This study reviews the outcomes of patients in whom the conjunctival flap prematurely dehisced. METHODS Eight patients were identified during a 15-year interval. The posterior lamellar defects ranged in size from 13 to 30 mm horizontally and 5 to 8 mm vertically. The average age at the time of eyelid reconstruction was 72 years (range, 60-84 years). Flap dehiscence, resulting in each case from accidental trauma, occurred between 1 and 11 days postoperatively. Surgical repair of the dehiscence was unsuccessfully attempted in one case; otherwise, the eyelids were permitted to heal spontaneously with the application of erythromycin ophthalmic ointment as the sole therapy. RESULTS Although the result was satisfactory in each case, one patient, who had dry eyes from Sjögren's syndrome, required secondary surgery to treat mild lagophthalmos and lower eyelid retraction. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 122 months (median, 6.5 months). CONCLUSIONS The ultimate functional and aesthetic outcomes after premature, traumatic dehiscence of a Hughes flap were surprisingly good, suggesting that elective division of the conjunctival pedicle in routine cases can be performed relatively soon after the primary reconstructive procedure.
Accuracy of Citation and Quotation in Foot and Ankle Surgery Journals

Background: A recent review of technical editing of research suggests that over one third of references cited in articles in medical journals have some inaccuracies and one fifth of quotations to references in these articles are not accurate. Methods: Two hundred and forty-nine citation references and 408 quotes from 25 articles published in 5 orthopaedic journals were randomly selected to determine referencing accuracy. The presence of citation errors was examined by 1 of the authors while the presence of quotation errors was determined by 2 of the authors. Full copies of articles as well as the references were obtained to compare the accuracies. Results: The total citation error rate was 41% (103 out of 249 references), and the total quotation error rate was 20% (80 out of 408 quotes) for the 5 orthopaedic journals. Conclusion: Citation and quotation errors were still relatively common in orthopaedic journals. While we did not identify any factors associated with citation and quotation errors, the use of technical editing may reduce the amount of citation errors. Clinical Relevance: Readers and authors should be aware that many citations of studies are inaccurate and one should review the original source if it is to be used in another publication or to guide clinical treatment.
Does CT evidence of a flat inferior vena cava indicate hypovolemia in blunt trauma patients with solid organ injuries?

BACKGROUND Nonoperative management for selective patients with solid organ injuries from blunt trauma has gained wide acceptance. However, for trauma surgeons, it is often difficult to estimate a patient's circulatory volume. Some authors have proposed that the presence of a collapsed inferior vena cava (IVC) on computed tomography (CT) scan correlates with inadequate circulatory volume. Our aim was to verify whether CT evidence of a flat IVC (FI) is an indicator of hypovolemia in blunt trauma patients with solid organ injuries. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of all blunt trauma patients with solid organ injuries admitted to our Medical Center from July 2003 to September 2006. Of the 226 patients reviewed, 29 had CT evidence of FI. We compared Injury Severity Scores, hemodynamic parameters, fluid and blood transfusion requirements, mortality rate, and hospital course between patients with (FI group) and without FI (non-FI [NFI] group). RESULTS The FI group had higher rates of intensive care unit admission and mortality, in addition to longer intensive care unit stays, when compared with the NFI group. In addition, the patients in the FI group needed larger amounts of fluid and blood transfusions and presented lower hemoglobin levels during the first week of admission; furthermore, the majority deteriorated to a state of shock in the emergency department. CONCLUSIONS CT evidence of FI is a good indicator of hypovolemia and an accurate predictor for prognosis in trauma patients with blunt solid organ injuries.
The Influence of Helicobacter pylori Status on Circulating Levels of the Coagulation Factors Fibrinogen, von Willebrand Factor, Factor VII, and Factor VIII

Background. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been associated with an increased risk of developing ischemic heart disease (IHD). It has been suggested that a persisting low‐grade acute phase response results from the chronic inflammation caused by H. pylori infection, which may give rise to increased circulating levels of certain coagulation factors.
Cloning and Characterization of Aplycalcin and Aplysia Neurocalcin, Two New Members of the Calmodulin Superfamily of Small Calcium‐Binding Proteins

Abstract: We report here the sequences of two new proteins from Aplysia, aplycalcin and Aplysia neurocalcin. These proteins belong to a family of calcium‐binding proteins, found primarily in vertebrate brain and retina, that have been proposed to play a role in calcium‐dependent regulation of enzymes in signal transduction pathways. Like other members of this family, the Aplysia proteins have consensus sequences for myristoylation, bind calcium, and translocate from cytosol to membrane when the calcium level is raised above the resting intracellular concentration. Both proteins are relatively enriched in Aplysia nervous system, but are also found to a significant degree in other tissues. The expression of mRNA for these proteins in Aplysia nervous tissue is regulated during development, roughly paralleling the reported emergence of several forms of synaptic plasticity. The messages are present at low levels in stage 11, show a large increase by late stage 12, and decline to a plateau of ∼30% of the peak value afterward. On the basis of the properties of these proteins and by analogy with proposed functions of some of the retinal homologues, we suggest that these proteins may play a role in mediating calcium‐dependent processes in neuronal function. The presence of both proteins in other tissues may suggest analogous roles for the proteins in other cell types.
Evidence of localized resource depletion following a natural colonization event by a large marine predator.

For central place foragers, forming colonies can lead to extensive competition for prey around breeding areas and a zone of local prey depletion. As populations grow, this area of reduced prey can expand impacting foraging success and forcing animals to alter foraging behaviour. Here, we examine a population of marine predators, the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus), which colonized a recently formed volcanic island, and assess changes in foraging behaviour associated with increasing population density. Specifically, we measured pup production and adult foraging behaviour over a 15-year period, during which the population increased 4-fold. Using measures of at-sea movements and dive behaviour, we found clear evidence that as the population expanded, animals were required to allot increasing effort to obtain resources. These changes in behaviour included longer duration foraging trips, farther distances travelled, a larger foraging range surrounding the island and deeper maximum dives. Our results suggest that as the northern fur seal population increased, local prey resources were depleted as a result of increased intraspecific competition. In addition, the recent slowing of population growth indicates that this population may be approaching carrying capacity just 31 years after a natural colonization event. Our study offers insight into the dynamics of population growth and impacts of increasing population density on a large marine predator. Such data could be vital for understanding future population fluctuations that occur in response to the dynamic environment, as natural and anthropogenic factors continue to modify marine habitats.
Ouabain uptake by endocytosis in isolated guinea pig atria.

Mammalian cells specifically internalize some molecular species through receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). We have used four different experimental protocols to investigate whether ouabain enters cardiac cells of guinea pig atrium through this pathway. First, by electron microscope morphometry we found that ouabain increased endocytic vesicles in atrial cells. Second, by scintillation counting we found that [3H]ouabain uptake by the tissue is decreased by three treatments that decrease RME, i.e., NH4Cl, trifluoperazine, and 16 mM [K+]0. Third, by radioautography at the electron microscope level, we checked that in preceding experiments [3H]ouabain was washed out of plasma membrane after 60-min rinse and interiorized into the cardiac cells. Fourth, isometric tension recordings showed that the positive inotropic effect of ouabain was diminished in the presence of inhibitors, whereas that of a hydrophobic analogue, ouabagenin, was not affected. These results suggest that ouabain enters cardiac cells through RME and also that an intracellular site may, at least in part, be responsible for its inotropic effect.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1&agr; in Vascular Smooth Muscle Regulates Blood Pressure Homeostasis Through a Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-&ggr;–Angiotensin II Receptor Type 1 Axis

Hypertension is a major worldwide health issue for which only a small proportion of cases have a known mechanistic pathogenesis. Of the defined causes, none have been directly linked to heightened vasoconstrictor responsiveness, despite the fact that vasomotor tone in resistance vessels is a fundamental determinant of blood pressure. Here, we reported a previously undescribed role for smooth muscle hypoxia-inducible factor-1&agr; (HIF-1&agr;) in controlling blood pressure homeostasis. The lack of HIF-1&agr; in smooth muscle caused hypertension in vivo and hyperresponsiveness of resistance vessels to angiotensin II stimulation ex vivo. These data correlated with an increased expression of angiotensin II receptor type I in the vasculature. Specifically, we show that HIF-1&agr;, through peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-&ggr;, reciprocally defined angiotensin II receptor type I levels in the vessel wall. Indeed, pharmacological blockade of angiotensin II receptor type I by telmisartan abolished the hypertensive phenotype in smooth muscle cell-HIF-1&agr;-KO mice. These data revealed a determinant role of a smooth muscle HIF-1&agr;/peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-&ggr;/angiotensin II receptor type I axis in controlling vasomotor responsiveness and highlighted an important pathway, the alterations of which may be critical in a variety of hypertensive-based clinical settings.
Double Cross-Finger Flaps: A Novel Technique for Management of Ring Avulsion Injuries

A new approach “Double Cross-Finger Flaps” was used for coverage of ring avulsion injuries. In our series, 22 cases of ring avulsion injuries were operated upon by this new technique. Choice of the patient suitable for such technique is based upon fulfillment of certain criteria. Two cross-finger flaps were harvested, one to cover the palmer aspect and the other to cover the dorsal aspect after being de-epithelized and turned over. Split-thickness graft was then applied to cover the raw areas. Both functional and aesthetic outcomes were reported after a mean of 6 months period of follow-up.
Effects of goal setting on achievement in archery.

Abstract This study investigated the effects of goal setting in teacher-led group conferences on achievement in archery. University undergraduates enrolled in three beginning archery classes (N = 30) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups—group conference with goal setting and group conferences only. For 10 weeks, subjects met twice a week for archery instruction and once a week with the instructor for a 10-minute conference. Subjects in the goal-setting conference group were directed to set numerical and verbal goals using a printed goal-setting form. Three achievement tests were administered while subjects were shooting from a distance of 20 yards: an initial test during week 1, a progress test during week 6, and a final test during week 10. Analysis of the data indicated that when groups were adjusted for initial differences, the goal-setting group achieved significantly higher scores in archery than the non-goal-setting group (F = 5.31, p < .05). Motivational implications of goal setting proce.
Effect of Incomplete Blinking on Tear Film Stability

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess changes in tear film stability caused by incomplete blinking. Methods Eleven subjects (mean age, 21.3 years) participated in this study. All subjects had a visual acuity of 20/20 or better and normal ocular health. The subjects were asked to play a game for 60 min on a personal computer as part of a visual display terminal (VDT) experiment. Each subject’s blinking was observed by a Web camera that was attached to the top of the display. Every 15 min, the VDT experiment was interrupted for measurement. An RT-7000 (Tomey Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan) was used to measure ring breakup time as a parameter of tear film stability. An OPD-Scan II ARK-10000 (NIDEK Co., Ltd., Aichi, Japan) was used to measure corneal aberrations. Results Although the total blink rate changed very little, the complete and incomplete blink rates fluctuated during the VDT experiment. Both types were plotted along symmetrical cubic approximation curves. Noninvasive (ring) breakup time at 30 min (4.33 ± 2.57 s) was significantly shorter (p < 0.01) than that at baseline before the VDT experiment (8.62 ± 1.54 s). After 30 min, the incomplete blink rate began decreasing (fewer incomplete blinks), whereas the complete blink rate began increasing. Ring breakup time increased (improved) after 45 min; however, the incomplete blink rate began to increase again after approximately 50 min. Conclusions Even if the total blink rate decreases, the tear film remains stable so long as almost all blinks are complete. The incomplete blinking contributes to tear film instability and is variable with prolonged VDT exposure. Our study indicated that the tear film stability was determined by blinking quality, and the predominance of blinking type relates to tear film stability.
Rapid, Sensitive, and Specific Detection of the O4 Group of Salmonella enterica by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Abstract The present study developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay that amplifies the fragments of O4 Salmonella enterica-specific gene rfbJ and evaluates the potential use in detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST). The detection limit of the LAMP assay was 103 CFU/ml, which was lower than that of the PCR assay with the same target gene (105 CFU/ml), confirmed by electrophoresis. The increased turbidity of the final products of LAMP was also observed with more than 103 CFU/ml. Furthermore, the LAMP assay took only 60 min for a reaction, while the PCR assay needed 80–90 min for a reaction and approximately 30 min for the subsequent electrophoresis to confirm the specific band. The positive reaction was only observed for 55 strains of 11 serovars of O4 group Salmonella enterica. The LAMP assay developed in the present study is considered to be an effective method for specific detection of the O4 group Salmonella enterica serovars, including ST.