Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vakbondslidmaatschap in Nederland : nooit serieus over nagedacht!

In dit onderzoek wordt aandacht besteed aan vakbondslidmaatschap in Nederland en aan motieven om geen lid te worden. Aan het beeld over vakbondslidmaatschap dat sinds de jaren tachtig van de vorige eeuw naar voren komt, zowel in nationaal als internationaal onderzoek, is weinig veranderd. De kans dat vrouwen, jongeren, niet-westerse allochtonen, deeltijders en tijdelijke krachten lid zijn is kleiner dan dat mannen, ouderen, autochtonen, voltijders en vaste krachten dat zijn. Niet alleen is het verloop onder leden van vakbonden hoog, vakbonden hebben ook moeite om niet-leden te bereiken: 40% denkt niet serieus over het lidmaatschap na. Voor het beleid is de vraag dus niet alleen hoe de leden vast te houden, maar ook hoe niet-leden aan te zetten tot nadenken over het lidmaatschap. Dit vraagt om marketingstrategieen naar onderscheidbare doelgroepen. Kijken we naar theoretische verklaringen, dan blijken zowel de voice-theorie als de social custom-theorie een substantiele bijdrage te leveren aan de verklaring van lidmaatschap en van niet-lidmaatschap. Deze theorieen concurreren dus niet met elkaar. Wel is het zo dat de steun voor de voice-theorie minder evident is, meer hypothesen in het kader van die theorie worden namelijk verworpen.
The Role of Need for Cognition in Online Flow Experience: An Empirical Investigation

Several IS studies have investigated the concept of flow. Among the many antecedent factors leading to flow experience, an individual’s cognitive factors require further exploration, because flow was reported in previous studies more than three times as often in work as in leisure and most frequently associated with online cognitive information processing activities. Following Finneran and Zhang’s call for investigating the effects of personality factors on flow, the current study examines the relationship of need for cognition (NFC) and five dimensions of flow experience. Based on 156 responses from a student sample, High NFC group was found to have higher levels of focused attention, perceived control, and curiosity than Low NFC group. The differences of temporal dissociation and perceived enjoyment between the two groups were not significant. Implications for human-computer interaction research and the practice of online personalization are discussed.
Efficiency of soybean meal replacement by rapeseed meal and/or canola seeds in commercial layer diets

SUMMARY A total of 432 Roso SL 2000 commercial layers (supplied by Avicola %XFXUHWL SA) were used over the age periods 40-47 and 51-58 weeks to test the effects of using rapeseeds meal (experiment 1) or canola seeds (experiment 2) as soybean meal replacers. The layers were assigned to three groups for each experiment as follows: a control (C) group and 2 experimental (E) variants with 24 replicates each (one replicate consisted in a cage with 3 layers). The layers were kept in a two-tier battery, with free access to the feed and water. Throughout the experimental period light was provided by light bulbs using a 16h regimen, between 0430 and 2030 hrs. Each experiment used 3 compound feeds formulations, a corn, soybean meal-based control diet and two experimental diets in which 52.38% and 72.86% of the soybean meal was replaced by rapeseed meal, replacing 34.32% and 45.74% of the dietary crude protein, respectively in experiment 1 and 18.31% and 30.32% of the soybean meal was replaced by canola seeds, replacing 17.40% and 22.45% of the dietary crude protein, respectively in experiment 2. All diets were isocaloric, isoprotein and had similar levels of sulphur amino acids, calcium and available phosphorus, and were in agreement with the feeding requirements recommended for the intensive rearing of the commercial layers. The experimental results show that rapeseed meal can be used up to a level of 15% in the compound feed formulation for commercial layers, replacing up to 50% of the soybean meal. Canola seeds can be used up to a level of 20% in the compound feed formulation replacing 25-30% of the dietary soybean meal, without significantly affecting the laying performance and egg quality.
An Account of Brightness in Complex Scenes Based on Inferred Illumination

Achromatic brightness matches between two small patches were measured in a display containing ten larger regions of different luminances. The spatial organization of the ten regions was varied while keeping constant the immediate surround (and thus local contrast) of each patch as well as the average luminance of the entire stimulus. Various spatial arrangements were designed to alter the illumination inferred by the observer without changing the ensemble of luminances actually in view. Some spatial arrangements of the ten regions were consistent with five (simulated) surfaces under two distinct levels of illumination, with one luminance edge within the display (an ‘apparent illumination edge’) dividing the stimuli into an area of lower illumination and an area of higher illumination. In other spatial arrangements the ten regions were configured so that no luminance edge in the display could be interpreted as an ecologically valid illumination edge that provides a parsimonious interpretation of the ten regions; these conditions were designed to induce observers to infer ten surfaces under a single illuminant. When the ten regions were arranged with an apparent illumination edge, the patch within the area of lower perceived illumination was perceived as dimmer than when the same patch and immediate surround were presented with no apparent illumination edge. The results are interpreted by positing that the apparent illumination edge causes an observer to group together regions under the same perceived illuminant, with a consequent effect on brightness: lowering or raising the level of a perceived illuminant causes a patch of fixed contrast to be perceived as less bright or more bright, respectively, just as occurs when lowering or raising the level of real illumination. It is suggested that changes in brightness in a complex scene that result from a change in real illumination may be caused by a difference in inferred illumination at the perceptual level, not by simply a change in the amount of light absorbed by photoreceptors.
Parkinson's disease motor subtypes and mood

Parkinson's disease is heterogeneous, both in terms of motor symptoms and mood. Identifying associations between phenotypic variants of motor and mood subtypes may provide clues to understand mechanisms underlying mood disorder and symptoms in Parkinson's disease. A total of 513 patients were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and separately classified into anxious, depressed, and anxious‐depressed mood classes based on latent class analysis of a semistructured interview. Motor subtypes assessed related to age‐of‐onset, rate of progression, presence of motor fluctuations, lateralization of motor symptoms, tremor dominance, and the presence of postural instability and gait symptoms and falls. The directions of observed associations tended to support previous findings with the exception of lateralization of symptoms, for which there were no consistent or significant results. Regression models examining a range of motor subtypes together indicated increased risk of anxiety in patients with younger age‐of‐onset and motor fluctuations. In contrast, depression was most strongly related to axial motor symptoms. Different risk factors were observed for depressed patients with and without anxiety, suggesting heterogeneity within Parkinson's disease depression. Such association data may suggest possible underlying common risk factors for motor subtype and mood. Combined with convergent evidence from other sources, possible mechanisms may include cholinergic system damage and white matter changes contributing to non‐anxious depression in Parkinson's disease, while situational factors related to threat and unpredictability may contribute to the exacerbation and maintenance of anxiety in susceptible individuals. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Utility-Driven Graph Summarization

A lot of the large datasets analyzed today represent graphs. In many real-world applications, summarizing large graphs is beneficial (or necessary) so as to reduce a graph's size and, thus, achieve a number of benefits, including but not limited to 1) significant speed-up for graph algorithms, 2) graph storage space reduction, 3) faster network transmission, 4) improved data privacy, 5) more effective graph visualization, etc. During the summarization process, potentially useful information is removed from the graph (nodes and edges are removed or transformed). Consequently, one important problem with graph summarization is that, although it reduces the size of the input graph, it also adversely affects and reduces its utility. The key question that we pose in this paper is, can we summarize and compress a graph while ensuring that its utility or usefulness does not drop below a certain user-specified utility threshold? We explore this question and propose a novel iterative utility-driven graph summarization approach. During iterative summarization, we incrementally keep track of the utility of the graph summary. This enables a user to query a graph summary that is conditioned on a user-specified utility value. We present both exhaustive and scalable approaches for implementing our proposed solution. Our experimental results on real-world graph datasets show the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Finally, through multiple real-world applications we demonstrate the practicality of our notion of utility of the computed graph summary.
Estimation of in vivo proton intrinsic and cross‐relaxation rates in human brain

By using on‐resonance binomial pulse saturation of the immobile component in tissues and by monitoring the time development of the longitudinal decay of the free water magnetization, it has been shown that it is possible to estimate physical model parameters not directly measurable by conventional methods. Since pulsed saturation is easy and safe to implement in a clinical MRI machine, it should be possible to estimate these parameters in vivo by the same means. In this article, we report the results of such estimates of the parameters of the principal components (gray and white matter) in brains of two normal volunteers.
Management of Incus Necrosis in Revision Stapedectomy Using Hydroxyapatite Bone Cement

Objective Review audiological outcomes after revision stapedectomy using hydroxyapatite cement. Study Design Retrospective case review. Setting Tertiary neurotological referral center. Patients Thirty-seven cases of previously treated otosclerosis where incus erosion was observed during revision stapedectomy. Intervention(s) Hydroxyapatite cement was used to rebuild the eroded incus and stabilize the prosthesis during revision stapedectomy. Main Outcome Measure(s) Pre- and postoperative bone conduction (BC) and air conduction (AC) pure-tone averages (PTA) (0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz) including high tone BC (1, 2, 4 kHz), air-bone gap (ABG), and speech discrimination scores were measured. Short-term (3 wk) and longer-term (average 12 mo) hearing outcomes were measured. Data are reported according to the most recent guidelines of the AAO-HNS Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium. Results Among 37 ears undergoing revision stapedectomy with hydroxyapatite cement, the AC PTA was 59.8 dB preoperatively and 34.6 dB postoperatively (p < 0.0001) at latest follow-up. The mean postoperative ABG was 8.8 dB (SD = 8.6, range −1.3–36.3 dB) while a mean improvement of 2.1 dB (SD = 6.5, range −8.33–15.0 dB) of the high tone BC PTA was observed. One revision case was noted during the follow-up period. Conclusion Hydroxyapatite cement is useful to reconstruct and stabilize the prosthesis in revision stapedectomy when erosion of the long process is encountered. Short- and longer-term hearing results are favorable when compared to previously reported results of revision stapedectomy.
The Impact of the Old Age Grant on Rural Households in Nkonkobe Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

The aim of this study was to explore the socio-economic impact of old age grant on rural households in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The findings of this paper are based on in-depth interviews conducted with twenty-five beneficiaries of the Old Age Grant (OAG) in Alice. They were purposively selected to gauge the impact of this grant on their households. The results show that the OAG plays a vital role in households by contributing significantly to household expenditure. This grant assists in the provision of food, payment of school fees, transport, rent and water as well as the purchase of uniforms, books, electricity and other necessities. The OAG which was intended as a poverty relief programme for the aged has turned into a poverty alleviation programme for rural households. When they live together with other generations these pensioners become the primary caregivers in the household and they act as breadwinners by looking after their unemployed children, orphans, grandchildren and other relatives. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013. v4n13p627
A reciprocal interplay between psychosocial job stressors and worker well-being? A systematic review of the "reversed" effect.

OBJECTIVES Work represents an important role in society, and the nature and consequences of job stress have garnered significant research interest. In recent years, considerable effort has been made to elucidate the occupational stressor-strain relationship, or the interplay between unfavorable working conditions (stressor) and worker well-being (strain). In line with Bandura's notion of "reciprocal determinism", a reciprocal occupational stressor-strain relationship is now increasingly postulated, where variables exert mutual influences on each other over time. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of empirical support for three specific "reversed" (strain-to-stressor) effects, guided by the Demand-Control-Support model. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted (1996-2012 inclusive) through a search of databases. After relevant studies were identified, a methodological quality appraisal was performed based on four key criteria: sample size, measurement, non-spuriousness, and non-response bias. Subsequently, a quantitative synthesis of evidence from high-quality studies was performed by calculating a standardized index of convergence for each reversed effect. RESULTS Twenty-three qualifying studies were found and evidence from ten high-quality studies ultimately contributed to the synthesis. Moderately strong evidence in support of a positive strain-to-job demands effect was found, but there was no evidence in support of either a strain-to-job control or a strain-to-workplace social support effect CONCLUSIONS In conjunction with available evidence on the corresponding "normal" (stressor-to-strain) effect, this review gives credence to the possibility of a reciprocal stressor-strain relationship involving job demands and worker well-being.
Quarantine Security of Bananas at Harvest Maturity Against Mediterranean and Oriental Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Hawaii

Abstract Culled bananas (dwarf ‘Brazilian’, ‘Grand Nain’, ‘Valery’, and ‘Williams’) sampled from packing houses on the islands of Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, Molokai, and Oahu identified specific “faults” that were at risk from oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), infestation. Faults at risk included bunches with precociously ripened bananas, or bananas with tip rot, fused fingers, or damage that compromised skin integrity to permit fruit fly oviposition into fruit flesh. No Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), or melon fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), infestations were found in culled banana samples. Field infestation tests indicated that mature green bananas were not susceptible to fruit fly infestation for up to 1 wk past the scheduled harvest date when attached to the plant or within 24 h after harvest. Recommendations for exporting mature green bananas from Hawaii without risk of fruit fly infestation are provided. The research reported herein resulted in a USDA-APHIS protocol for exporting mature green bananas from Hawaii.
The association between conjunctival MALT lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori

Background/aims: Helicobacter pylori is well known to be responsible for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. This study evaluates whether H pylori is also responsible for conjunctival MALT lymphoma and which strain of H pylori is associated with conjunctival MALT lymphoma. Methods: Fifteen cases of conjunctival MALT lymphoma were investigated. Eight biopsies of normal conjunctiva were also investigated as controls. The specimens were investigated for the presence of H pylori DNA with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 16S rDNA primer. When the PCR using 16S rDNA was positive for H pylori, the specimens were analysed for the virulent gene with PCR using vacA s1/2 primer and vacA m1/2 primer. Results: H pylori DNA was identified in all 15 specimens of conjunctival MALT lymphomas and none of the controls. Of these 15 H pylori positive lymphoma specimens, the vacA s1 and vacA m2 alleles were detected in two, and only vacA s1 allele was detected in 11. Conclusions: H pylori is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of conjunctival MALT lymphoma, and H pylori with vacA s1 allele appears to be a virulent strain for conjunctival MALT lymphoma.
DAT detectors: uncovering TCP/IP covert channels by descriptive analytics

Covert channels provide means to conceal information transfer between hosts and bypass security barriers in communication networks. Hidden communication is of paramount concern for governments and companies, because it can conceal data leakage and malware communication, which are crucial building blocks used in cyber crime. We propose detectors based on descriptive analytics of traffic DAT to facilitate revealing network and transport layer covert channels originated from a wide spectrum of published data-hiding techniques. DAT detectors transform communication data into flexible feature vectors that represent traffic by a set of extracted calculations and estimations. For the case of covert channels, the core of the detection is performed by the combined application of autocorrelation calculations and multimodality measures built upon kernel density estimations and Pareto charts. DAT detectors are devised to be embedded as extensions of network intrusion detection systems, being able to perform fast, lightweight analysis of numerous flows. The present paper focuses specifically on TCP/IP traffic and provides suitable classifications of TCP/IP fields and related covert channel techniques from the perspective of the statistical detection. The proposed methodology is evaluated with public traffic datasets as well as covert channels generated according to main techniques described in the related literature. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Precise location of the excessive temperature points in polymer insulated cables

This paper demonstrates that it is possible to locate very precisely a point showing a high temperature in a polymer insulated cable. The method is based on frequency domain reflectometry and inverse fast Fourier transform. The cables tested are a coaxial communication cable with a length of 32 m insulated by low density polyethylene and a flat in-house electric cord with a length of 21 m insulated by polyvinyl chloride. The cable or cord was heated at different positions for different lengths. The ratio between the powers of electromagnetic waves incident to and reflected from the cable was measured using a network analyzer in a frequency range from one to several hundred MHz or 1.5 GHz. The spectra obtained by the measurements were then analyzed by inverse Fourier transform. As a result, the position exhibiting a temperature higher than the adjacent points can be located with a spatial resolution as short as 2.5 cm. It was also confirmed that the sensitivity or spatial resolution can be improved by an increase of the highest measurement frequency.
The Role of Psychological Empowerment on Employees Creativity : the Development of Conceptual Framework

The main purpose of this conceptual paper is to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment and employees’ creativity in the context of Malaysia’s medium manufacturing industry. The study intends to appraise the existing literature and eventually develop the conceptual framework. Successfully understand factors that positively influence empowerment would be useful to identify gaps in knowledge of organizational creativity and the aspects of creativity that requires closer inspection are described. The research also aims to review the main creativity models, mediators as well as the enhancers of organizational creativity, all from a psychological perspective.
Effect of ABA and GA3 on protein mobilization in embryos and cotyledons of angico [Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) speg] seeds during germination

In this work, a woody species [A. peregrina (L.) Speg. ] was studied in order to observe the effect of ABA and GA3 at the biochemical level during the process of seed germination. Embryos incubated in sucrose solution containing ABA and/or GA3 were analyzed through SDS-PAGE to observe the mobilization pattern of storage proteins during the beginning of germination. Cotyledons isolated from seeds incubated in aqueous solutions containing ABA and/or GA3, were also analyzed through SDS-PAGE and by PAGE/Activity Gels (polyacrylamide gels copolymerized with substrate for enzymes) to observe the mobilization pattern of storage proteins and protease activity after the beginning of the germination. Results of these experiments show that ABA blocks protein mobilization by inhibiting protease activity in cotyledons. This inhibition is not sufficient to prevent germination showing that the effect of ABA on germination is not dependent on protease activity. The blockage of storage protein mobilization was also observed in embryos, but no protease activity inhibition was clearly detected. ABA was able to induce the synthesis of proteins in cotyledons but not in embryos. A polypeptide with an approximate molecular weight of 17 kD, was degraded within 6 hours in control embryos, but this degradation was blocked by ABA and GA3. Using the same concentrations of ABA and GA3 on embryos and cotyledons, the effect of ABA was counteracted by GA3 in embryos, but not in cotyledons. Although the effects of ABA and GA3 were not so different from those shown in the literature, the behavior of 17 kD-polypeptide contradicts these reports suggesting that specific studies should be performed.
Low Complexity Submatrix Divided MMSE Sparse-SQRD Detection for MIMO-OFDM with ESPAR Antenna Receiver

Multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) with an electronically steerable passive array radiator (ESPAR) antenna receiver can improve the bit error rate performance and obtains additional diversity gain without increasing the number of Radio Frequency (RF) front-end circuits.However, due to the large size of the channel matrix, the computational cost required for the detection process using Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) detection is too high to be implemented. Using the minimum mean square error sparse-sorted QR decomposition (MMSE sparse-SQRD) algorithm for the detection process the average computational cost can be considerably reduced but is still higher compared with a conventional MIMOOFDM system without ESPAR antenna receiver. In this paper, we propose to use a low complexity submatrix divided MMSE sparse-SQRD algorithm for the detection process of MIMOOFDM with ESPAR antenna receiver. The computational cost analysis and simulation results show that on average the proposed scheme can further reduce the computational cost and achieve a complexity comparable to the conventional MIMO-OFDM detection schemes.