Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Second-generation non-formal education and the sustainable development goals: operationalising the SDGs through community learning centres

ABSTRACT This paper argues that Non-formal Education (NFE) has seen a remarkable revival of interest across both developing countries and the more highly developed countries. Among the factors causing this revival is the search for alternative educations to meet the needs of different groups in society. But in the process, NFE has been relocated – not so much as ‘outside’ formal educational institutions but as a different kind of learning programme within a continuum of lifelong learning covering formal, non-formal and informal learning. It argues that the adult learning targets contained in every one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) cannot be met by formal learning programmes alone and require a much expanded non-formal education programme. To deliver this, the paper suggests that the current movement for community learning centres (CLCs) can provide a base for operationalising NFE for the SDGs. It takes a case study, the Folk Development Colleges of Tanzania, as an example of the kind of national system for NFE which can be built. It ends by looking at current redefinitions of NFE and at where such an NFE system might fit into the governmental architecture of educational planning.
Iranian Language Learners’ Attitudes towards Teaching/Learning English: The Role of University Major, Gender, and Age

Attitudes towards learning teaching a subject play a major role in determining individuals' success or failure in any educational programme. This paper delves into the attitudes of university and non-university students towards teaching/ learning English in Iran. To this end, thirteen MA and forty-three BA students majoring in English, twenty-nine non-university students attending language institutes, and twenty-nine university students majoring in a field other than English were recruited to participate in the study. they were both male and female and were requested to complete a-five point Likert-scale attitudes towards teaching/ learning English questionnaire. The analysis of elicited data indicated that overall students had positive attitudes towards teaching/ learning English. t-test analyses revealed no significant difference neither between males and females nor among different age groups and nor between non-English majors and other groups in terms of their attitudes towards teaching/ learning English. The paper concludes that paying attention to students’ attitudes towards the subject being taught/learnt is of utmost importance. It also highlights the usefulness of such research for every teaching/learning context. The results can be used in a wide range of contexts from the very stage of designing to the final evaluation stage of programme design and implementation. Further findings and implications are discussed in the paper.
Electronic word-of-mouth via employer review sites – the effects on organizational attraction

Abstract Recent recruitment research has provided evidence for word-of-mouth (WoM) to affect organizational attraction. However, little is known about its effects in an online environment. This is particularly true with regard to employer review sites, which provide electronic WoM to a large number of job seekers. Drawing on the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the present study addresses this research gap by investigating the effects of positive electronic WoM provided by employer review sites on organizational attraction. A vignette-based quasi-experimental study was conducted (n = 386) with argument quality of the electronic WoM message, source expertise and recipients’ previous job search experience as experimental variables. The results indicate a statistically significant main effect of the argument quality of the electronic WoM message and the source’s expertise. We also found a three-way interaction that reveals that recipients process electronic WoM differently depending on their previous job search experience. We discuss our findings with regard to limitations and future research.
Dynamics of Anisotropic Break‐Up in Nanowires of FCC Lattice Structure

Nanowires are known to be thermally unstable and may break up into chains of nanoparticles at temperatures below their melting point. This phenomenon is reminiscent of the well‐known Rayleigh–Plateau instability of liquid jets, when periodic sausage‐like perturbations of the jet surface increase with time. The corresponding nanowire/jet shape modifications must be followed by a decrease in total surface energy. However, unlike isotropic liquid jet surfaces, the realization of this abatement in the system with a strong lattice structure and physical dissimilarity of bounding facets, leads to specific features of nanowire break‐up, namely, significant variations in the size of nanodrops and the average distance between them, the formation of long‐living dumbbells, and zigzag‐like structures. Here, the physical mechanisms of such diversity are analyzed. Apart from scientific insights, the yielded results can be potentially useful in applications such as the development of optical waveguides based on ordered nanoparticles chains.
The value of industrial attachment to the archives and records management students at the National University of Science and Technology in Zimbabwe

Industrial attachment is a key and integral part of tertiary education. Its incorporation into the learning process is aimed at imparting practical skills to students, which cannot be acquired in classrooms. However, students’ experiences during industrial attachment differ, as some benefit while others find the placement to be a waste of time and resources. Students in the Department of Archives and Records Management (ARM) at the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) have to go through industrial attachment for one academic year at an organisation that has archives and records management systems in place. This paper sought to establish NUST ARM students’ views on the value of industrial attachment. The study applied a qualitative research methodology and a case study research design. Purposive sampling was used since the selected cohort had just completed its one-year industrial attachment period. Open-ended questionnaires were hand delivered to the students. The findings revealed that ARM students at NUST regard industrial attachment as a very important part of their learning process; industrial attachment had in most cases inspired students to appreciate the ARM profession. The one academic year industrial attachment period was adequate in hosting institutions. The study recommended that NUST RAM department should ensure that industrial attachment is done in a professional and systematic manner in which hosting institutions are genuine and credible collaborating partners. It is hoped that this study will inform curriculum revision especially in the area of practicum in archives and records management.
Age-related Changes in Conflict-related Activity in the Superior Frontal Gyrus: Implications for Cognitive Control

Cognitive Control (CC) is a necessary function of everyday life, used for inhibiting inherent actions to successfully accomplish tasks. The present study used a subset of the data from a larger study by Wilk & Morton (2012), with a particular focus on the SFG-complex (i.e., dorsolateral SFG [SFGdl], anteromedial SFG [SFGam], posterior SFG [SFGp]). Participants completed the Size-Congruency Task, measuring conflict adaptation, while their hemodynamic response activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This generated a group-contrast map of the conflict-related activity, which was then correlated with participant age, allowing for group-contrast maps of the age-related changes in conflict-related activity. Analysis of the SFG-complex revealed significant results in the SFGp, but not in the SFGdl, nor the SFGam. Future studies should expand upon these findings in the SFGp, as well as the whole SFG-complex, using different CC paradigms to investigate whether the SFG-complex has a role in CC.
Disrupting the Cycle of Self-Objectification

From a young age, women face exposure to fat talk. Though many women tend to assume this normative way of communicating about the body as a helpful means of coping with body shame and dissatisfaction, past literature has created a strong case against this assumption. Fat talk plays a subtle role in the self-objectification process and poses a significant threat to the positive identity development of young women. Development of a feminist identity has demonstrated a capacity to positively disrupt the propensity for women to self-objectify. The current study explored the relationship between feminist identity development, fat talk, and self-objectification. The researcher administered a survey to women living in all-female residence halls at a small, faithbased Midwestern institution. The study found no relationship between feminist identity development, fat talk, and self-objectification, though there emerged a strong relationship between measures of fat talk and self-objectification. Interestingly, despite no positive or negative affect on measures of fat talk and self-objectification, the majority of participants agreed most strongly with items measuring later stages of feminist identity
SCHOOL-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: This study attempts to review longitudinal school-based physical activity (PA) interventions in Southeast Asia countries Materials and Methods: ScienceDirect, PubMed and Scopus databases were used, which ranged from the years 2003 until April 2018. A total of twelve studies were included in the final review including seven from Malaysia, three from Singapore, one from Indonesia and one from Thailand. Results: The findings from Malaysian studies showed that EPaL provides students with cognitive and behavioural skills to cause changes in targeted behaviours by aiming to alter disordered eating behaviour, promoting PA, preventing sedentary lifestyle and enhancing eating behaviours. The integration of the transtheoretical framework improves participant adherence. Furthermore, circuit training was implemented during PE classes. The results showed significant improvements in the reduction of BMI, cardiovascular endurance and flexibility. In addition, MASCOT is ideal for promoting health and reducing obesity in Malaysian children as it has shown to improve BMI and total PA. In the Indonesian study, low-intensity endurance exercise of lower extremity has shown improvements in lower-extremity endurance as well as V02 max before for individuals with lower physical capacity. In Thailand, child health promotion programme has been shown to reduce the percentage of obesity of school children in the long--term. Finally, exergaming in the Singaporean studies showed improvements in attitude, self-efficacy, and perceived behavioural control. Conclusion: Limited studies were conducted on studying the cause of longitudinal PA implementation in school settings and its impact in Southeast Asia. Therefore, future studies are proposed to investigate this relationship and utilise comprehensive frameworks to identify domains for facilitating or inhibiting PA implementation. Keywords: Physical activity, school, children, intervention, exercise, Southeast Asian.
Influence of Sex, Age, and Culture on Coping Strategies of Paraguayan and Mexican Adolescents

Adolescence is a period sensitive to stress, however, coping can contribute to a positive adaptation, which tends to change depending on some personal variables such as sex, age, and context such as culture. The objective of this investigation was to analyze the influence of sex, age and culture on coping strategies with Paraguayan and Mexican adolescents. A field study was carried out, cross-sectional, expos-facto, comparative type of two independent samples with a 2 x 2 x 2 design. 2278 schoolchildren from Paraguay (n = 1188) and Mexicans (n ​​= 1090) from 13 to 18 years old (M = 15.15, SD = 1.48) participated intentionally. The Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS) was applied, which evaluates three styles and 18 coping strategies and a sociodemographic card. Differences and main effects were found by age and country in the styles of productive coping, nonproductive coping, and with reference to others and in some of their strategies. Women use more coping strategies, many related to the search for social support. Early Paraguayan and Mexican adolescents tend to present fewer productive strategies. Effects of interaction were found only on sex and culture on coping styles. These data provide evidence that could be useful for public policies for the prevention and promotion of adolescent health.
Describing and Differentiating Four-Year Broad Access Institutions: An Empirical Typology

Abstract:Study of four-year broad access institutions (BAIs) is important given their influence on postsecondary educational opportunities and the continued importance of the bachelor's degree in earnings premiums and critical social and civic outcomes. Descriptive results add to current understanding regarding heterogeneity of four-year BAIs by identifying sizable differences within such public and private four-year institutions. Additionally, cluster analysis findings extend Carnegie's inclusiveness category by grouping public and private four-year BAIs into more meaningful categories. Results contribute evidence that the concept of "inclusivity" is important, complex, and must be considered through a multi-dimensional research and policy lens.
IMAGES OF OWN FUTURE OF MOTHERS HAVING CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

The article presents the results of research on images of own future for mothers having children without health problems and with disabilities. The studied time perspective and content of adults’ images show that both groups are future oriented.The differences in the psychological characteristics and time perception of the mothers having children without health problems and with disabilities are the following: the mothers having children with disabilities are more negatively perceive the past and estimate higher the present (both hedonistic and fatalistic); mothers having children without health problems percept the past more positively.The content of images of the future presented by the mothers having children with disabilities is characterized by emphasis on the health of their children and family, on their desire to be more “stronger”, to have more full-fledged life.There is the statistically significant difference between the groups concerning time perception, namely, the mothers having children with disabilities perceive the past negatively and the present (hedonistic and fatalistic) more positively; the mother having children without health problems have a higher level of awareness of life, higher indicators of locus of control, but lower self-actualization, lower personal anxiety; whereas the mothers having children with disabilities have higher self-actualization (especially for synergy and human nature), higher anxiety (both reactive and personal). The peculiarities of time perception are determined by the psychological characteristics of mothers (their awareness of life and its components, self-actualization and its components), which is reflected in multiple correlations.
Dynamics of Segregation and Integration in Directional Brain Networks: Illustration in Soldiers With PTSD and Neurotrauma

Brain functioning relies on various segregated/specialized neural regions functioning as an integrated-interconnected network (i.e., metastability). Various psychiatric and neurologic disorders are associated with aberrant functioning of these brain networks. In this study, we present a novel framework integrating the strength and temporal variability of metastability in brain networks. We demonstrate that this approach provides novel mechanistic insights which enables better imaging-based predictions. Using whole-brain resting-state fMRI and a graph-theoretic framework, we integrated strength and temporal-variability of complex-network properties derived from effective connectivity networks, obtained from 87 U.S. Army soldiers consisting of healthy combat controls (n = 28), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 17), and PTSD with comorbid mild-traumatic brain injury (mTBI; n = 42). We identified prefrontal dysregulation of key subcortical and visual regions in PTSD/mTBI, with all network properties exhibiting lower variability over time, indicative of poorer flexibility. Larger impairment in the prefrontal-subcortical pathway but not prefrontal-visual pathway differentiated comorbid PTSD/mTBI from the PTSD group. Network properties of the prefrontal-subcortical pathway also had significant association (R2 = 0.56) with symptom severity and neurocognitive performance; and were also found to possess high predictive ability (81.4% accuracy in classifying the disorders, explaining 66–72% variance in symptoms), identified through machine learning. Our framework explained 13% more variance in behaviors compared to the conventional framework. These novel insights and better predictions were made possible by our novel framework using static and time-varying network properties in our three-group scenario, advancing the mechanistic understanding of PTSD and comorbid mTBI. Our contribution has wide-ranging applications for network-level characterization of healthy brains as well as mental disorders.
Explaining the Privacy Paradox through Identifying Boundary Conditions of the Relationship between Privacy Concerns and Disclosure Behaviors

Research shows that social network site (SNS) users who have privacy concerns intend to self-disclose less information. However, in real-world behavior, users often ignore these concerns. This is the “privacy paradox” where users’ dispositional privacy concerns are inconsistent with their self-disclosure behaviors. In this paper, we elaborate the state of the art in privacy research and point to issues in the related literature attempting to address this paradox. We propose a roadmap that emphasizes the need for identifying boundary conditions that will make the surprising anomaly (i.e., privacy paradox) part of our normal understanding of privacy-related decisions. Following, we present cognitive absorption as a boundary condition through which we explain why SNS users’ privacy concerns might not be consistent with their self-disclosure behaviors. Grounded on the most recent privacy models and a multiple-case study, we present a mid-range theory that explains the interwoven effects of privacy concerns, information sensitivity, and cognitive absorption on self-disclosure behaviors. The theory also accounts for time which explains the evolutionary nature of privacy-related decisions. The proposed theory contributes to the privacy domain in particular but it could potentially address paradoxical behaviors in other IS domains.
Parental Monitoring and Youth's Binge Behaviors: The Role of Sensation Seeking and Life Satisfaction

ABSTRACT Framed within an ecological perspective of the onset of adolescent problem behaviors, the current study explored the joint role of parent-adolescents’ relationships and youth's individual factors in binge eating and drinking. Firstly, in line with pieces of research highlighting the beneficial impact of effective parenting on youth development, the present paper sought to enhance the knowledge about the positive influence of parental monitoring on youth's binge drinking and eating. Moreover, since literature evidenced that the explanatory mechanisms of the association between parental monitoring and binge behaviors are not fully explored, the study focused on the potential intervening role of sensation seeking and life satisfaction as mediators. The study design was cross-sectional and self-report questionnaires were administered among a population of 944 high school students (M = 16.35, SD = 1.31) living in Palermo (Italy). Path analysis showed that parental monitoring was directly and negatively related to both binge eating and binge drinking. Moreover, sensation seeking negatively mediated the relationships between parental monitoring and both binge behaviors, whereas life satisfaction only mediated between parental monitoring and binge eating. The current study provided data useful to understand the complex interrelations between intrapersonal (life satisfaction and personality trait, i.e. sensation seeking) and contextual factors (parent–child relationships) that may discourage or cause eating and alcohol use disorders among youth. Finally, implications for parents and practitioners working with youngsters were discussed.
Effectiveness of Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Children’s Mothers Regarding the Safe Use of Plastic Containers

Background: Plastic first became available to consumers. However, improper use of plastic has a number of hazards that plastic poses, including health problems starting from manufacturing to consumption through the process of leaching. Aim of the study: this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of children’s mothers regarding the safe use of plastic containers and evaluate the effect of educational intervention on mothers’ knowledge, attitude and practice of children’s mothers regarding the safe use of plastic containers. Subjects and Methods: A Quasi-experimental design was used. This study conducted in three setting at Assiut and Sohag cities in Egypt. A total of 120 children’s mothers included using the convenience sampling technique. A structured interview schedule was designed to assess socio-demographic data and knowledge, attitude and practice of children’s mothers regarding safe use of plastic containers at pre- and post-intervention. Results: The mean age of participants’ mothers was 29.00 ± 5.41years. The study revealed statistical significance improvement for the satisfactory knowledge, positive attitude and proper uses’ percentages of children's mothers about the safe use of plastic (P= 0.000). In addition, there was a positive correlation among knowledge, attitude and practice of children’s mothers. Conclusion: The post-intervention improving of knowledge, attitude and practice pointed to effectiveness of the program. Therefore, the researchers recommended that all the health care providers such as nurses, village health guides, nurses working in community center or schools should provide in-service education regarding safe use of plastics.