Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
T-Cell and NK/T-Cell Lymphomas in Southern Taiwan: A Study of 72 Cases in a Single Institute

In an attempt to better understand the clinicopathologic features of T- and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas in Taiwan and the distribution and relative frequency of each subtype according to the new WHO classification, the pathology file of a medical center in southern Taiwan during 1989-2002 was retrospectively searched. The results of light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBER), and T-cell receptor (TCR)-gamma chain gene rearrangement were correlated with clinical findings. A total of 72 cases were identified. They were peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTLu; n = 23, 31.9%), NK/T-cell lymphoma (n = 14, 19.4%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (n = 13, 18.0%), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL; n = 9, 12.5%), precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (n = 8, 11.1%), enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma (n = 2, 2.8%), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (n = 2, 2.8%), and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (n = 1, 1.4%). The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Forty patients (55.6%) had extranodal presentation. Eleven cases including 9 of 14 (64.3%) NK/T-cell lymphomas expressed CD56. All 14 NK/T-cell lymphomas are EBER-positive. Seven of nine (77.8%) AITLs expressed CD10. The overall 5-year survival rate was 10.2%. In conclusion, we have characterized a large series of T- and NK/T-cell lymphomas in southern Taiwan, where there is male predominance and poor prognosis. CD56 is a specific but not very sensitive marker while EBER is most reliable for the diagnosis of NK/T-cell lymphoma. CD10 is a useful marker to differentiate AITL from PTLu.
Domain Magnet Logic (DML): A new approach to magnetic circuits

In the post CMOS scenario NanoMagnets Logic (NML) has attracted a considerable attention due to its characteristic features. The ability to combine logic and memory in the same device, and a possible low power consumption, allows NML to overcome some of the CMOS intrinsic limitations. However, considering realistic circuit implementations where both theoretical and technological constraints are kept into account, performance could not be reduced with respect to the expectations. The reason lies in the fact that a huge area is wasted with interconnection wires. In this paper we propose a new approach to the conception of magnetic circuits, that we have baptized Domain Magnet Logic (DML). We embed domain walls in NML circuits in a technologically compatible solution, with the aim of improving interconnection performance. We have validated our solution with physical level simulations, and we show the improvements designing as a case study a complex and realistic circuit, a 32 bit Pentium-4 tree-adder. DML logic allows to reduce the circuit area up to 50%, with consequent dramatic improvements on circuit latency and power dissipation. This is a very good result itself, that represents just the tip of the iceberg of the amazing possibilities opened by this innovative approach.
Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells do not protect NZB × NZW F1 mice from developing lupus disease

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has shown promise clinically in graft‐versus‐host disease and in preclinical animal models of T helper type 1 (Th1)‐driven autoimmune diseases, but whether MSCs can be used to treat autoimmune disease in general is unclear. Here, the therapeutic potential of MSCs was tested in the New Zealand black (NZB) × New Zealand white (NZW) F1 (NZB/W) lupus mouse model. The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus involves abnormal B and T cell activation leading to autoantibody formation. To test whether the immunomodulatory activity of MSCs would inhibit the development of autoimmune responses and provide a therapeutic benefit, NZB/W mice were treated with Balb/c‐derived allogeneic MSCs starting before or after disease onset. Systemic MSC administration worsened disease and enhanced anti‐double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) autoantibody production. The increase in autoantibody titres was accompanied by an increase in plasma cells in the bone marrow, an increase in glomerular immune complex deposition, more severe kidney pathology, and greater proteinuria. Co‐culturing MSCs with plasma cells purified from NZB/W mice led to an increase in immunoglobulin G antibody production, suggesting that MSCs might be augmenting plasma cell survival and function in MSC‐treated animals. Our results suggest that MSC therapy may not be beneficial in Th2‐type T cell‐ and B cell‐driven diseases such as lupus and highlight the need to understand further the appropriate application of MSC therapy.
Antithrombin III pretreatment reduces neutrophil recruitment into the lung in a rat model of abdominal sepsis

Background: Antithrombin III (AT III) is a serine protease inhibitor and the mechanism of its anti‐inflammatory action is still not understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the anti‐inflammatory action of AT III on lung injury in a rat model of sepsis.
Quantitative measures of enzyme activities in type I and type II muscle fibres of man after training.

The effect of 7 to 8 weeks of physical training on oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activities in the 2 major fibre types of human quadriceps femoris muscle has been investigated. 2 groups of 4 and 5 subjects respectively were trained at the same total work-load on a bicycle ergometer 3 days per week using interval exercise with maximal intensity (I.T.) or continuous exercise with submaximal intensity (C.T.). Succcinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) activities were determined on crude homogenates of muscle biopsy samples and on pools of type I and type II fibres dissected from freeze-dried samples taken before and after training. Crude homogenate SDH activity increased to the same extent in both groups, average increases were 27.5% (I.T.) and 22% (C.T.) respectively. Only type I-SDH increased in the C.T. group (p less than 0.01), the average increase being 32%. On the other hand only type II-SDH increased in the I.T. group (p less than 0.01), with an average increase of 49%. No changes in PFK activity could be detected. The results of the present study emphasize the great adaptability in oxidative potential of both the two major human skeletal muscle fibre types and further that this adaptation seems to be related to the pattern of fibre recruitment during exercise.
Anatomical organization of forward fiber projections from area TE to perirhinal neurons representing visual long-term memory in monkeys

A number of studies have shown that the perirhinal (PRh) cortex, which is part of the medial temporal lobe memory system, plays an important role in declarative long-term memory. The PRh cortex contains neurons that represent visual long-term memory. The aim of the present study is to characterize the anatomical organization of forward projections that mediate information flow from visual area TE to memory neurons in the PRh cortex. In monkeys performing a visual pair-association memory task, we conducted an extensive mapping of neuronal responses in the anteroventral part of area TE (TEav) and area 36 (A36) of the PRh cortex. Then, three retrograde tracers were separately injected into A36 and the distribution of retrograde labels in TEav was analyzed. We focused on the degree of divergent projections from TEav to memory neurons in A36, because the highly divergent nature of these forward fiber projections has been implicated in memory function. We found that the degree of divergent projection to memory neurons in A36 was smaller from the TEav neurons selective to learned pictures than from the nonselective TEav neurons. This result demonstrates that the anatomical difference (the divergence) correlates with the physiological difference (selectivity of TEav neurons to the learned pictures). Because the physiological difference is attributed to whether the projections are involved in information transmission required for memory neurons in A36, it can be speculated that the reduced divergent projection resulted from acquisition of visual long-term memory, possibly through retraction of the projecting axon collaterals.
Reporting of Socioeconomic Status in Pediatric Language Research.

Purpose This study examined language-focused research articles published in 3 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association journals to: (a) determine the proportion that reported the socioeconomic status (SES) of pediatric participants and (b) identify the indicators used to represent SES in these articles. Method Researchers reviewed articles published from 2000-2015 in Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, and the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research (language section) that involved pediatric participants and focused on language development, as well as on assessment and intervention for language disorders. Results For the 3 journals combined, 417 out of the total 652 (64%) pediatric language articles reported SES of the participants. Over the 16-year period there was an increase in SES reporting of 31.8% (55.6% to 73.3%). The types of SES indicators used represented education, income, and occupation. Conclusion Although SES reporting for pediatric participants in language-based studies increased over the 16-year period examined, over 1 quarter of studies published in the 3 journals combined still do not report SES. This is a concern. When determining the generalizability of research findings to specific children, it is important for speech-language pathologists to be able to identify the SES background of research participants.
Preoperative identification of meningiomas that are highly likely to recur.

OBJECT Although generally they are well-circumscribed benign tumors, meningiomas recur even after complete removal. The aims of this study are to identify preoperatively groups of patients who have a high risk of meningioma recurrence by reviewing their clinicoradiological features and to plan appropriate treatments. METHODS One hundred one patients who underwent macroscopically complete removal of meningiomas were observed postoperatively for at least 5 years or until tumor recurrence. Preoperative radiological findings and clinical characteristics were assessed. Fifteen meningiomas recurred during the follow-up period, which extended to a maximum duration of 18 years. On univariate analysis, tumor size and shape, relation to the major sinuses, calcification, bone changes, and characteristics of the tumor-brain interface were significant predictive factors for recurrence. Patient age and gender were not deemed significant. Multivariate analysis revealed that only the shape of the tumor was significant; both "mushrooming" and lobulated meningiomas were more likely to recur than round ones. Recurrences most frequently occurred at the edge of the dural resection after a Simpson Grade I removal, whereas local recurrences were predominant after a Simpson Grade II or III removal. CONCLUSIONS Meningiomas with mushrooming or lobulated shapes should be treated more aggressively with a wider dural excision. This is not usually necessary for round tumors, although it may be beneficial in younger patients.
Revealing the Biochemical and Genetic Basis of Color Variation in a Polymorphic Lizard

Determining the mechanistic and genetic basis of animal coloration is essential to understand the costs and constraints on color production, and the evolution and maintenance of phenotypic variation. However, genes underlying structural color and widespread pigment classes apart from melanin remain largely uncharacterized, in part due to restricted taxonomic focus. We combined liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and RNA-seq gene expression analyses to characterize the pigments and genes associated with skin color in the polymorphic lizard, Ctenophorus decresii. Throat coloration in male C. decresii may be a combination of orange, yellow, grey, or ultra-violet blue. We confirmed the presence of two biochemically different pigment classes, pteridines (self-synthesized) and carotenoids (acquired through the diet), in all skin colors. Orange skin had the highest levels of pteridine pigments while yellow skin tended to have higher levels of carotenoids, of which the vitamin A precursors β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin have not been previously confirmed in reptiles. These results were confirmed by gene expression analyses, which detected 489 genes differentially expressed between the skin colors, including genes associated with pteridine production, provitamin A carotenoid metabolism, iridophore-specific synthesis, melanin synthesis, and steroid hormone pathways. For the majority of these 489 genes, however, our study reveals a new association with color production in vertebrates. These data represent a significant contribution to understanding the genetic basis of color variation in vertebrates and a rich resource for further studies.
Hand-Assisted Retroperitoneoscopic Live Donor Nephrectomy: Experience from the First 75 Consecutive Cases

Background. The two major life-threatening complications associated with laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy are sudden severe bleeding and intestinal injury. A combined technique—hand-assisted and retroperitoneoscopic (HARS)—reduces the risk of these life-threatening complications. In this study, we report on our experience from the first 75 consecutive HARS operations. Methods. The data has been collected prospectively according to intention to treat and includes all consecutive donors operated with the HARS technique. Warm ischemia time, operating time, and blood loss were recorded. Complications, convalescence, and allograft outcome were followed postoperatively with a mean follow-up of 701 (range 60–1438) days. Results. The mean operating time was 138 (range 85–260) minutes and the mean warm ischemia time 175 (85–510) seconds. The operative time was significantly longer in male donors. The mean bleeding was 176 (50–700) ml. There were no conversions to open surgery. Major complications comprised one pulmonary embolus and one donor required 2 units of blood transfusion. One donor was reoperated due to suspicion of trocar hernia. Nine patients experienced minor complications (fever, n=4; urinary tract infection, n=2; chylous ascites, n=1; orchialgia, n=1; subcostal pain, n=1). All except two kidneys had immediate onset of function. Neither of these could, however, be attributed to the donor operation. One recipient experienced urinary leakage and one a stenosis. Recipient and graft survival were 99% and 96%, respectively. Conclusions. We conclude that HARS facilitates the procedure by enabling short operating times and at the same time significantly reducing the risks associated with endoscopic live donor nephrectomy.
[Effects of intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin and verapamil for treatment of coronary slow flow phenomenon].

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of intracoronary nitroglycerin and verapamil for patients with the coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP). METHODS Sixty-four patients with CSFP without stenotic lesions during diagnostic coronary angiography were enrolled and divided into the nitroglycerin group (n = 35) and verapamil group (n = 29), 29 patients with normal coronary flow served as normal control. CSFP was defined when 4 or more heart beats were needed for contrast media to opacify the distal vasculature. Intracoronary injection of 100 - 400 microg nitroglycerin or verapamil through the diagnostic catheter was applied to patients with CSFP to improve coronary flow. The coronary blood flow was evaluated by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC) method. RESULTS Clinical characteristics were similar among the three groups. The basic TFCs of left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA) were 78.3 +/- 19.4, 57.2 +/- 14.6, 56.9 +/- 12.5 in the verapamil group, and were 70.8 +/- 21.7, 55.3 +/- 12.5, 51.1 +/- 15.4 in the nitroglycerin group, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal controls (LAD 29.2 +/- 4.4, LCX 23.1 +/- 3.5 and RCA 19.7 +/- 1.8, respectively). After the administration of drugs, the TFCs of LAD, LCX and RCA were 42.3 +/- 8.9, 36.7 +/- 6.8, 30.3 +/- 5.9 respectively (all P < 0.01 vs. baseline) in the nitroglycerin group and 37.7 +/- 9.3, 31.5 +/- 11.3, 24.6 +/- 4.4 respectively (all P < 0.01 vs. baseline) in the verapamil group. The TFCs after drug administration in both therapy groups were significantly higher than that in normal controls (all P < 0.05). The TFCs decrease in the verapamil group were more significant than that in the nitroglycerin group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Intracoronary administration of verapamil could result in more coronary flow improvement in patients with CSFP than nitroglycerin, although the post therapy coronary flow was still slower than normal.
Reported prevalence of urinary incontinence in women in a general practice

To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and other urinary symptoms a questionnaire was sent to all women aged 25 and over and to women under 21 taking oral contraceptives registered with a rural practice (n=937); the questionnaire was completed by 833 women (89%). The overall prevalence of urinary incontinence was 41% (343/833); rates were lower in nulliparous and postmenopausal women (30/181 (17%) and 120/344 (35%) respectively) than parous and premenopausal women (313/652 (48%) and 225/479 (47%) respectively). Incontinence was significantly associated with perineal suturing after childbirth, being present in 201 of 376 (53%) women with sutures compared with 113 of 270 (42%) without. Of the 166 women with a history of minor gynaecological surgery, 100 had symptoms of incontinence, compared with 263 of the 657 (37%) without such a history. Incontinence was not related to type of delivery, and postnatal exercises for the pelvic floor were not beneficial. Inappropriate leakage of urine is perceived by many women as common and therefore not serious; thus it is often not reported to the doctor. Nevertheless, the 6% of women who always require protection against leakage could be helped by treatment.
Compaction bone-grafting in prosthetic shoulder arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND Compaction bone-grafting has been suggested as a means of improving the stability of the humeral component in shoulder arthroplasty, but the clinical and radiographic results of the procedure have not been reported in the literature, to our knowledge. To address this deficit, we report on a series of shoulder arthroplasties performed with compaction bone-grafting to secure humeral component fixation. These prostheses were implanted in shoulders demonstrating a suboptimal interference fit of the humeral component. METHODS Fifty-eight shoulders in fifty-three patients were treated with prosthetic shoulder arthroplasty that included compaction bone-grafting. Clinical assessments were performed at regular intervals with use of visual analog scales for pain, shoulder comfort and function, and overall quality of life, and with use of patient self-assessments including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Score and the validated Simple Shoulder Test. A detailed radiographic analysis was performed by three raters to determine whether radiolucent lines were present immediately postoperatively and at a later follow-up interval. The humeral tilt angle was determined by measuring the angle between the humeral axis and the component. Subsidence was also evaluated. The mean of the raters' measurements was used in the analysis. RESULTS The mean duration of follow-up was sixty-nine months (range, twenty-six to 148 months). No loose stems were observed, and no humeral component was revised. At the time of follow-up, there was significant improvement in the Simple Shoulder Test scores and all visual analog scores (p < 0.0001 in each instance). Thirty-four stems had no radiolucent line at the time of follow-up, and the mean maximum thickness of the lucent lines was 0.21 mm in the entire group of fifty-eight shoulders. Most lucent lines occurred near the distal stem tip. The mean tilt of the valgus and varus humeral components was 2.2 degrees and 2.6 degrees , respectively, on the immediate postoperative radiographs. No humeral component shifted from varus to valgus or vice versa. The duration of follow-up was not correlated with the maximum thickness of the humeral component lucency, and the presence or absence of a prosthetic glenoid was also unrelated to the maximum thickness of the lucency. CONCLUSIONS Compaction bone-grafting in shoulder arthroplasty can yield stable and durable fixation of the humeral component, as seen clinically and radiographically, without use of cement. Our findings provide evidence that compaction bone-grafting in shoulder arthroplasty is an option to ensure intermediate-term fixation (at a mean of five years) of humeral components that have a suboptimal fit.
Tumour suppressor gene expression correlates with gastric cancer prognosis

The loss of tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) is a key event in many human cancers, including gastric carcinoma. Many TSG candidates have been studied, but their roles in gastric carcinogenesis remain unclear. To clarify the clinical significance of TSG expression in gastric carcinoma, the expression of various TSG candidates (p53, E‐cadherin, FHIT, smad4, rb, VHL, PTEN, MGMT, p16, and KAI1), as well as other proteins (bcl‐2, MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CEA, CD44, β‐catenin, C‐erbB2, and cyclin B2), was evaluated immunohistochemically in 329 consecutive gastric carcinomas using the tissue array method. The overexpression of p53 and MUC1 (p < 0.01) and the loss of expression of smad4 (p = 0.04), FHIT (p = 0.03), MGMT (p = 0.01), E‐cadherin, KAI1, and PTEN (p < 0.01) were found to be significantly associated with poor gastric carcinoma prognosis. Seven out of eight survival‐associated proteins were found to be protein products of TSGs. The gastric carcinomas were divided into five groups according to the grade of alteration in TSG expression. No TSG expression loss was found in 32 cases (TSG1). One TSG loss was found in 47 cases (TSG2), two in 67 cases (TSG3), three or four in 64 cases (TSG4), and five, six, or seven in 38 cases (TSG5). The grade of TSG expression was confirmed to be significantly associated with WHO classification (p = 0.04), pTNM stage, lymphatic invasion, and patient survival (p < 0.01 for the latter three). By multivariate analysis, the grade of TSG expression was found to be significantly and independently associated with patient survival (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that the cumulative loss of TSG expression in gastric carcinoma is important in determining patient survival. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.