Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biochemical characterization of pyramid viper, Echis pyramidum, venom.

This study was conducted to investigate the toxicological effects of Echis pyramidum crude venom and its purified protein fractions in male mice. The crude venom was fractionated and purified into eight fractions by 8% preparative native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The mice were injected interaperitoneally with 50% of the lethal dose of crude venom and its purified fractions to keep 50% population of the injected animals alive to observe the different changes in the blood parameters. A significant increase was in plasma ALT level in animals injected with crude venom and fractions F1, F6 as compared to control group. A significant increase was in plasma AST level by crude venom and fraction F7. Glucose level increased significantly with crude venom whereas decreased significantly by fractions F4 and F5. There was up to 50% decrease in total plasma protein with crude venom and less than 50% decrease with fraction F7. Low plasma cholesterol levels were observed in group injected with crude venom and fraction F7. While fractions F2, F3 and F6 caused significant increase in plasma cholesterol level. Fraction F1 caused significant decrease in plasma triglyceride level whereas there was significant increase by crude venom. Blood urea level was significantly increased by crude venom fractions F2, F3 and F6. The significant increase in plasma creatinine level was produced by crude venom and fractions F1, F5, F7 and F8. Crude venom and fractions F1, F3, F5, F6 and F7 showed significant increase in uric acid level. The results of this study propose that E. pyramidum crude venom and its purified protein fractions exhibited potent toxic effects on some biochemical markers in male mice. (24.5%), low blood pressure (14.3%), painful bitten site (10.2%), sweating (10.2%), bleeding in the area of bite (8.16%), nose bleeding (2.0%), fever (2.0%) and unconsciousness (2.0%) (Al-Shammari, 2007). Snake venoms are mixtures of proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, metal ions and organic compounds. The proteins and peptides account for approximately 90% of the dry weight (Bieber, 1979; Bougis et al., 1986; Ownby and Colberg, 1987). The non-protein fraction of snake venom is composed of sodium, potassium, phosphorous, chloride, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and copper. It also contains riboflavin, nucleosides, peptides, amino acids, amides, lipids and some carbohydrates (Bieber, 1979). The snake venom proteins are enzymes, toxins or nerve growth factors. The biological activities are predominantly found in the protein fractions rather than in the non-protein fractions (Tu, 1977). Efforts have been made to correlate the toxicity of snake venoms to their enzymatic
Self-evaluation and Recruitment of Feedback for Enhanced Social Interaction by a Student with Visual Impairment

A student who is visually impaired was trained to evaluate his social behavior and to recruit feedback from his sighted peers, who were trained by him to provide the feedback. The self-recruitment of feedback improved the student's accuracy in evaluating social skills requiring visual cues. In addition, the peers extended their feedback to other aspects of the social environment than social behavior.
Biomass and Oil Content of Microalgae under Mixotrophic Conditions

The growth of the algae strains Neochloris oleabundans, Botryococcus Braunii and Dunaliella sp. under mixotrophic conditions in the presence of different concentrations of crude glycerol was evaluated with the objective of increasing the biomass growth and algal oil content. A high biomass concentration was characteristic of these strains when grown on crude glycerol compared to autotrophic growth, and 5 g/L glycerol yielded the highest biomass concentration for these strains. Mixotrophic conditions improved both the growth of the microalgae and the accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs). The maximum amount of TAGs in the algal strains was obtained in the 5 g/L glycerol growth medium. The fatty acid profiles of the oil for the cultures met the necessary requirements and are promising resources for biofuel production.
A Multiple Colour Bobbin Winder: An Enhanced Accessory for Transforming Indigenous On-Loom Weaving

Indigenous hand weaving is an ancient traditional handicraft practised in many cultures across Africa, Asia, Middle East, Europe and Latin America. The looms and accessories are made from local materials and the mechanism for their operation involves simple technologies that are easy to learn. These traditional hand weaving looms mostly produce long, narrow strips of patterned woven fabric that are sewn together to construct cloth, carpets and other specialized end-user woven products. Bobbin winding is an integral aspect of weft preparation for weaving. Bobbin winders used by cloth weavers in the indigenous Ghanaian textiles industry have capacity to produce single bobbins only at a time, which lengthens the yarn preparation and weaving periods, and reduced productivity of cloth weavers. The bobbin winder described in this article is semi-automatic, capable of winding multiple bobbins with single or multiple coloured yarns of uniform tension concurrently within a short time for higher rate production of woven fabrics in direct contrast with existing bobbin winders. This bobbin winder was based on the Universal Design Methodology and constructed with the sole aim of resolving limitations of existing bobbin winders in order to transform the traditional weaving industry. Testing the bobbin winder for broadloom weaving by 58 textiles students proved the technology is simple, efficient and effective; easy to manipulate and wind multiple bobbins within a short time. This implies time saving in weft preparation and hand weaving for increased productivity in Ghana’s indigenous textiles industry. Keywords: bobbin winder; weft preparation; hand weaving; traditional loom; indigenous textiles industry
The effect of Aquablend Avian probiotic®including Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium on systemic antibody response against Newcastle and Influenza disease vaccine in broiler chickens

Background: Finding alternatives to antibiotics for poultry production is very important because there are increasing concerns about antibiotic resistance. So, researchers have been directed to the research back to natural antimicrobial products. Some researchers stated that probiotics can stimulate the immune system and play an important role in shaping the immune system. Objectives: Theaimof this studywasto examine the effect of a commercial probiotic mixture (AquablendAvian®) supplementation to the drinking water of broiler chickens on the immune response against Newcastle and influenza diseases vaccines. Materials and Methods: In this study, 180 one-day-old broiler chickens were purchased and divided randomly into 3 groups (n = 60 for each group). Chickens in groups A and B received 300 mg of the probiotic in drinking water for first 3 days and first 7 days, respectively. Chickens in group C were kept as a control group and did not receive probiotic. All groups were vaccinated with live Newcastle vaccine (B1 strain) intraocularly on 8th day, and AI-ND killed vaccine (subtype H9N2) subcutaneously at the back of the neck on 8th day. Two mL of blood samples were collected before vaccination as well as on days 14, 28 and 35 postimmunization. Ten chickens of each group were bled randomly and an antibody titer against Newcastle disease vaccine and AI-ND killed vaccine(subtype H9N2) was determined by the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Results: The results of the present study showed that oral administration of the probiotic for 7 days significantly increased the specific antibody response to Newcastle vaccine compared to the control group (0.75 - 1.6 log, based on log2), while the probiotic administration had no significant effect on antibody productions against avian influenza vaccine as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Oral administration of Aquablend Avian® probiotic strains including Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium for 7 days can enhance the systemic antibody response to Newcastle vaccine in broiler chickens.
Stand age characteristics and soil properties affect species composition of vascular plants in short rotation coppice plantations

Woody biomass plantations on agricultural sites are an attractive source of biomass for bioenergy, but their effects on local biodiversity are unclear. This study’s objective was to evaluate the influences of light availability, plantation age, and soil properties on phytodiversity in short rotation coppice (SRC) plantations. Ground vegetation mapping, irradiance measurement (PAR), and surface soil analyses were conducted in 15 willow and poplar SRC plantations in Central Sweden and Northern Germany. We performed different multivariate statistical methods like cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) in order to analyze species composition and the influence of irradiance, age, and soil properties on phytodiversity. CA revealed highest species composition similarities in SRC plantations in close proximity. PCA identified humus quality/essential plant nutrients, plantation age/irradiance effects, soil acidity and shoot age as the four principal components of the recorded parameters. The ground vegetation cover was negatively correlated with the plantation age component and positively with the nutrient component. With an increase in the plantation age component, a shift in species composition was proven towards more forest habitat species, more nutrient-demanding species, and increasing occurrence of indicator species for basic soils. Applying Ellenberg indicator values, basic soil indicator species corresponded in occurrence to increasing nutrient availability. However, species richness was not related to any of our studied site variables. Judged from CCA, species composition in SRC plantations was influenced by plantation age/ irradiance, and nutrient availability; soil acidity and shoot age had no significant influence. Young poplar and willow SRC plantations showed greatest variation in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Our findings suggest that phytodiversity in SRC plantations depends mainly on plantation age and thus shifts over time.
Producing bulk nanocrystalline materials by combined hydrostatic extrusion and equal-channel angular pressing

Ulyanovsk State University (UlGU) Nickel and copper were subject to severe plastic deformation at room temperature, using hydrostatic extrusion (HE) and equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). The maximum deformation was 13.5 in nickel and 22.3 in copper. These deformations were obtained by each of the techniques separately and by their combination. It has been found that the combined HE and ECAP deformation greatly increases the homogeneity of the microstructure and improves considerably its mechanical properties comparing with a single technique. After the combined treatment, the grain size of both copper and nickel was of the order of 100 nm. The experiments have shown that the combination of HE and ECAP techniques permits producing homogeneous nanocrystalline materials of large volumes. Key words:
United Kingdom Local Authority Challenges in the use of Twitter and Other Social Media

Social media networks (such as Twitter) provide new opportunities for local government agencies to engage with citizens in their local communities. However, there are substantial challenges for such agencies to deal with in these social spaces. This paper provides a critical perspective on the challenges presented in the results of a focused research project on governmental communication through Twitter over a three month period from October to December 2011. The research presented in this paper, contributes to the growing number of research papers related to the effective use of social media platforms in governmental, organisational and other community spaces. Social media platforms are no silver bullet providing only another channel of communication with the customer. However, the identification of ways of using social media for transformative purposes in local government scenarios, are worth identifying and exploring. Keywords-social media networks; social network analysis; eGovernment; communication channels
Obesity among females in Al-Sader city Baghdad, Iraq, 2017.

Background: obesity is a serious public health problem. Literatures in Iraq explained that obesity due tochange in economy and Lifestyles.Objective: To report on prevalence of obesity among women in Al- sader City, Baghdad. 2017.Method: A total of 440 females were included in this study. They were Selected randomly from relativesto patients accompanied them In attending to primary health care centers. BMI (body mass index) toassess the Weight. Demo-graphic data were requested too.Result: The prevalence of obesity was 35.2%. Age , education, divorced Widows were determinants ofobesity. Employment and crowding Index (socioeconomic status) were not obvious determinants ofobesity.Conclusion: High prevalence of obesity was observed.
Polyaniline-coated electrodes for detection of dissolved oxygen levels in solution

Emeraldine Base Polyaniline (EB-PANI), Emeraldine Salt Polyaniline (ES-PANI) and Leuco Emeraldine Base Polyaniline (LEB-PANI) were studied for detection of different dissolved oxygen levels in solutions. Optical properties of the polyaniline forms were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. To identify oxygen sensitivity of the PANI films, cyclic voltametry (CV) measurements were performed with the PANI films drop-casted on working platinum electrodes. Electrolyte solution in the CV measurements was based on phosphate buffer with salinity of 20‰ and pH 7.3. Pure nitrogen and oxygen gases were used to change oxygen levels that were monitored by a commercial dissolved oxygen probe. CV measurements showed the variations of current in corresponding to different oxygen concentrations. The correlation of the current and dissolved oxygen levels was also determined. The results exhibited the possibility of using LEB-PANI as sensing electrodes for detection of low concentrations of dissolved oxygen in aquaculture farming.
Bayesian uncertainty analysis for a regression model versus application of GUM Supplement 1 to the least-squares estimate

Application of least-squares as, for instance, in curve fitting is an important tool of data analysis in metrology. It is tempting to employ the supplement 1 to the GUM (GUM-S1) to evaluate the uncertainty associated with the resulting parameter estimates, although doing so is beyond the specified scope of GUM-S1. We compare the result of such a procedure with a Bayesian uncertainty analysis of the corresponding regression model. It is shown that under certain assumptions both analyses yield the same results but this is not true in general. Some simple examples are given which illustrate the similarities and differences between the two approaches.
The Positron Transport Cross Section: Comment on Z. Rouabah N. Bouarissa, C. Champion, A. Bouzid(Sol. Stat. Comm. 150 (2010) 1702)

This work is a comment on the paper of[Z. Rouabah, N. Bouarissa, C. Champion, A. Bouzid, Solid State Communications 150 (2010) 1702]. Indeed, some weak points of the commented paper are discussed such as: an absence relationship between their work and the quantitative low-energy positron annihilation spectroscopy at energies up to 1 keV, the interpolation precision criteria and the drastic deviation of their interpolated cross-sections. So, we have shown that their transport cross section is inaccurate and really is not based on that derived by Jablonski[A. Jablonski, Phys. Rev. B 58 (1998) 16470].
Effect of drying methods on consumer acceptability of banana powder

An experimental study was performed to determine the effect of different drying methods on consumer acceptability of banana powder. Basrai banana powder was prepared from mature unripe fruits collected from local market of Akola, Maharashtra. Banana was pre-treated with potassium metabisulphite followed by drying in solar and cabinet dryer. Banana powder was packed in 200 gauge polyethylene bag, each bag contained 100g powder. The sensory characteristics like colour, texture and overall acceptability of powder were analyzed through Hedonic scale and physicochemical parameters like moisture, total sugar, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid and titratable acidity were analyzed using FCRD model at 30 days interval upto 120 days. Solar dried banana powder showed better results with respect to colour, texture and overall acceptability along with physicochemical properties.
Definition of priority areas for the conservation of a coastal reef complex in the eastern Brazilian coast

Coral reef integrity is currently threatened by natural and human activity. The reefs of the eastern Brazilian coast, which stand out as the largest and richest of the South Atlantic Ocean, are not an exception. Tourism exploitation, destructive fishing practices, increased pollution and uncontrolled coastal development are the major human impacts on reefs. The creation of new no-taken zones (NTZs) has thus become an urgent issue because NTZs represent the best measure to guarantee the conservation of reef ecosystems, which are considered biodiversity hotspots. The objective of this work was to define priority areas for implementing NTZs in a coastal reef complex located on the eastern Brazilian coast (southern coast of Bahia State, in the Tinhare Archipelago), which is within an environmental protection area (Tinhare and Boipeba Islands State Environmental Protection Area ('Area de Protecao Ambiental Estadual das Ilhas de Tinhare e Boipeba')). Here we performed a detailed ecological survey of the benthic community in a set of coastal reefs and calculated quantitative conservation priority indices (CPIs) based on ecological attributes associated with the cover of key benthic organisms (corals, macroalgae, filamentous algae, branching and encrusting calcareous algae, sponges and zoanthids) and quantitative indices related to coral species richness and the mean age of the reefs in question. Five coral reefs were classified as high priority for conservation. The large spatial extent of the adjacent fringing reefs of the islands of Tinhare and Boipeba justifies the creation of two rectangular NTZs. We recommend therefore the implementation of two 12 km 2 areas spanning two reefs considered of high conservation priority located on the island of Tinhare ("Boca da Barra Norte and Sul") and one reef located on the island of Boipeba ("Ponta dos Castelhanos"). With this design, two of the reefs that were classified as high priority for conservation, "Piscinas de Morere" and "Tassimirim" (Boipeba), which are extensively used by local populations (for fishing and tourism), would not be covered by the NTZs. The effectiveness of the conservation of these ecosystems also depends on popular acceptance and participation and on combating destructive anthropogenic activities in the region, which include destructive fishing practices and exploratory tourism.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Base Composition and Deoxyribonucleic Acid/Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hybrid Formation in Psychrophobic and Related Yeasts

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base composition of several strains of the psychrophobic species Saccharomyces telluris, Torulopsis pintolopesii, T. bouina, and Candida slooffii was found to be similar, DNA/DNA hybridization experiments by means of the nitrocellulose filter technique revealed high degrees of homology between the nuclear DNAs of all four species. On the basis of these findings, T. bovina is considered to be a synonym of T. pintolopesii; C. slooffii, which has certain distinct and reproducible properties, was reclassified as T. pintolopesii var. slooffii. Saccharomycopsis guttulata has been retained as a separate species because its guanine plus cytosine value is higher than that of the four species mentioned above and it has other distinct properties. The nonpsychrophobic species Torulopsis glabrata was included for comparison. The guanosine plus cytosine content of its DNA was approximately 7% higher than that of T. pintolopesii.
Impact of FDI on Indian Economy

FDI play an important role in economic development of a nation. A country’s technology level and sectoral development is depending upon the level of FDI inflows. The purpose of this study is to analyze the trend of FDI equity inflows in different sectors and regional offices. This paper also helps to know the share of top investing countries in FDI equity inflows in India. In order to obtain the objectives of this study, we used secondary data for the periods of 2000-2013. The secondary data has been collected from various journals, books, Newspapers and websites etc. The maximum FDI inflows can be seen in the Service and construction sector while telecommunication, computer hardware and drugs sector attract the equal FDI equity inflows i.e. 6% of total FDI inflows. The results also presented that India have received maximum FDI inflows from the Mauritius and followed by the Singapore. The detailed discussion about the Foreign Direct Investment is an original contribution of this paper.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF GRAPE POMACE AND VITAMIN E AS ANTIOXIDANT ON SOME PRODUCTIVE , REPRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF MALE AND FEMALE AGED INSHAS STRAIN CHICKENS .

This work was carried out to study the effect of dietary grape pomace and vit.E supplementation on some productive, reproductive and physiological performance traits of aged male and female Inshas strain chickens. A total number of 198 Inshas strain birds (180 laying hens and 18 cocks) 48-wks-old were used in this experiment up to 60 wks of age. All birds were individually weighed and randomly divided into 6 equal experimental groups (30 laying hens and 3 cocks of each) with three replicates (10 laying hens and 1 cock each) with nearly similar average initial live body weight of all groups. The 1 group was fed the basal diet without supplementation but the formula of diet contained 15 mg vit.E/kg diet (control) according to NRC, (1994), while the 2, 3 and 4 and 5 groups were fed on the basal diet supplemented with 1,2,3 and 4% grape pomace respectively and the 6 th group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 150 mg vit.E/ kg diet. The results showed that, values of levels 3 and 4% grape pomace were better than values of vit. E for feed conversion, egg number, egg production percentage, egg mass, plasma superoxide dismutase, plasma glutathione peroxidase and plasma testosterone and the values had significant differences (P≤0.05) for the level of 4% grape pomace only compared to vit. E group. In general, the highest level of grape pomace (T5) exhibited the best values in all semen physical characteristics, fertility and hatchability traits studied, with significant (P≤0.05) differences compared to vit. E (T6) and control (T1) groups for traits sperm motility, live sperm percentage, sperm concentration, total sperm per ejaculate, total live sperm per ejaculate, total abnormal sperm per ejaculate, fertility and hatchability percentage of both total and fertile eggs and significant (P≤0.05) differences compared to control group only in ejaculate volume and abnormal sperm percentage. On the basis of these findings, we concluded a potential use of 4% grape pomace (natural source of antioxidant) as alternative to vit. E (synthetic source of antioxidant) in diets of male and female aged birds of
Fractures in the Cardium and Normal Faults in Western Alberta

Summary Wrench-, reverse-, and normal fractures, are observed in outcrop of Cardium sandstones in Western Alberta. Kinematic indicators, fracture orientation and fracture morphology are used to determine the stress regime, timing and tectonic domains in which these fractures form. The strain expressed by the “orthogonal set” is compared to large scale stress fields, resulting faults and sedimentation patterns in the Alberta basin and the B.C. Cordillera.