Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal Aberrations in Foreign Body Tumorigenesis of Mice 1 2

Abstract Sarcomas were induced in 107 male and female isogeneic CBA/H or CBA/H-T6 mice by subcutaneous implantation of double films of unplasticized vinylchloride-acetate copolymer, 15 × 22 × 0.2 mm in size. Tumors were grouped by chromosome number. G-banding was performed on chromosomes of (a) 12 sarcomas, (b) 6 specimens of preneoplastic cells derived from foreign body (FB)-reactive tissues at 4, 6, 9, and 16 months postimplantation, and (c) 11 sarcomas which developed from clonal lines of the preneoplastic cells studied. Karyological analyses lead to the following results and conclusions: (1) Various derangements in chromosome number occurred in preneoplastic cells during early FB reaction at the time of, and possibly in causal relation to carcinogenic initiation. (2) Structural abnormalities of specific chromosomes (insertions, translocations, transpositions, etc.) were found as stable cell markers only during late preneoplasia. They may thus contribute to advanced tumor progression. (3) Ploidy deviations of specific chromosomes (secondary to the early derangements in chromosome number) were most frequently seen in chromosomes 1,6,7,13,15,18, and 19; however, these latter aberrations were unstable and inconsistent both in vivo and in vitro.
Document Title: Supervised and Unsupervised Parental Access in Domestic Violence Cases: Court Orders and Consequences

Purpose When a victim of intimate partner violence separates from and secures an order of protection against her partner and the couple has children in common, New York City Family Courts are likely to grant the father visitation (Rosen & O’Sullivan, 2005). Exchange of children for visitation can present an opportunity for continuation of the abuse, howeverabuse. Exposure to domestic violence has demonstrably negative effects on children, including depression, withdrawal and somatic distress (internalizing problems) and aggression and delinquency (externalizing problems). The Model Code of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges (1994) recommends that child visitation be granted to a perpetrator of domestic violence only if safety of the child and victimized parent can be protected through such arrangements as supervised visitation or, exchange of the children in a protected setting. The purposes of this study were to: 1) examine conformity of visitation decisions to the Model Code; 2) compare different visitation conditions in regard to re-abuse; and 3) examine children’s psychological well-being given their exposure to abuse. Method We recruited 242 women from New York City Family Courts and supervised visitation centers. Baseline interviews were conducted in person in English or Spanish; 168 participants were re-interviewed by telephone an average of six months later. Questions focused on physical and psychological abuse and injuries; children’s exposure to the abuse; and visitation orders. The Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1981) was administered the to assess the child’s adjustment. Results If the father had recently been physically abusive or if he abused alcohol or drugs, he was significantly more likely to receive an order for family-supervised than for unsupervised visits. If he had access to a gun, the father was more likely to receive an order to a visitation center. Visitation conditions were not significantly associated with abuse during the follow-up period. Significantly more children showed externalizing and internalizing behavior problems if the mother had been severely injured by the father. Serious threats were associated with a higher rate of internalizing behavior problems.
Human Metapneumovirus Antagonism of Innate Immune Responses

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a recently identified RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family, which includes several major human and animal pathogens. Epidemiological studies indicate that hMPV is a significant human respiratory pathogen with worldwide distribution. It is associated with respiratory illnesses in children, adults, and immunocompromised patients, ranging from upper respiratory tract infections to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Interferon (IFN) represents a major line of defense against virus infection, and in response, viruses have evolved countermeasures to inhibit IFN production as well as IFN signaling. Although the strategies of IFN evasion are similar, the specific mechanisms by which paramyxoviruses inhibit IFN responses are quite diverse. In this review, we will present an overview of the strategies that hMPV uses to subvert cellular signaling in airway epithelial cells, the major target of infection, as well as in primary immune cells.
Realization of an Excited, Strongly Correlated Quantum Gas Phase

Stability Through Confinement With the ability to vary experimental parameters—including particle density, geometry, interaction strength, and sign—cold atoms trapped in optical lattices are ideal test systems to probe many-body quantum physics. However, due to dissipation processes most of the scenarios studied to date have necessarily looked at ground state phases. Haller et al. (p. 1224) describe a technique in which confinement of the atoms to low dimensions, using a confinement-induced resonance, can stabilize excited states with tunable interactions. The ability to create these metastable states will allow a much wider range of quantum systems to be explored. Confinement of a cloud of ultracold atoms along one dimension creates tunable metastable excited states. Ultracold atomic physics offers myriad possibilities to study strongly correlated many-body systems in lower dimensions. Typically, only ground-state phases are accessible. Using a tunable quantum gas of bosonic cesium atoms, we realized and controlled in one-dimensional geometry a highly excited quantum phase that is stabilized in the presence of attractive interactions by maintaining and strengthening quantum correlations across a confinement-induced resonance. We diagnosed the crossover from repulsive to attractive interactions in terms of the stiffness and energy of the system. Our results open up the experimental study of metastable, excited, many-body phases with strong correlations and their dynamical properties.
Toward Low Energy Cities

Within the framework of sustainable development, it is important to take into account environmental aspects of urban areas related to their energy use. In this article a methodology is proposed for assessing residential energy uses for buildings and transport at the city scale. This method is based on the use of geographic information system (GIS) tools combined with a statistical treatment of urban and transport criteria. The methodology allows us to model building and transport energy use at the city scale, as well as to consider the possible evolution of city energy consumption and to simulate the effects of some strategies of urban renewal. An application is given to study different energy management strategies for the urban area of Liège, Belgium. Building and transport energy consumption are compared at the city scale and their possible evolution in the future is highlighted. Forecast scenarios on future energy policies for Liège's building stock show that the European Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings and even more selective energy policies applied only to new buildings are not sufficient to widely decrease building energy consumption at the city scale. Renovation of the existing building stock has a much larger positive impact on city energy consumption reductions. The methodology developed in this article can be adapted or reproduced for many other urban regions in Belgium, but also in Europe and even further.
Design and Management of Teaching Programs With Survival In Mind

Agricultural economics teaching programs are becoming stressed. They vary considerably because of different institutional settings and are conducted under changing college, university, and department trends and paradigm shifts. To ensure success, strategic marketing processes need to be used in analyzing programs: identifying potential students (clientele or customers), ascertaining what to offer (majors, minors, service courses, enrichment options, and distance education), finalizing the strategic plan, and executing the plan (with students, administration, industry, and disciplinary peers). Conclusions and recommendations for enhancing teaching quantity and quality are presented for the strategic marketing processes. Finally, some implications and conclusions for graduate education are discussed.
Are Works Councils and Joint Consultative Committees a Threat to Trade Unions? A Comparative Analysis

This article assesses whether the operation of works councils or joint consultative committees (JCCs) is inimical to unionization in different business systems. An extensive transnational survey reveals that both works councils and JCCs are positively associated with a union presence; there is no evidence from this sample that either is used to any significant extent as a substitute for unions. The finding holds true irrespective of business system. Its implications for industrial relations actors are examined.
Is there a relationship between workplace atmosphere and innovation activities? An empirical analysis among French firms

We examine empirically the relationship between workplace atmosphere and innovation activities. A generalized method of moments estimator of Poisson regression is applied to a set of 5574 observations in French firms. Our estimation results show that firms in which employees report good workplace atmosphere are more likely to engage in innovation activities. Nevertheless, while a positive relationship is found between workplace atmosphere and product/service innovation, other types of innovation activities, namely process, organizational and marketing, are not related to better workplace atmosphere.
Gaussian and sech approximations of mode field profiles in photonic crystal fibers

We propose using the least square method for approximating the electrical field distribution of the fundamental mode in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) by using a Gaussian and a hyperbolic-secant (sech) function. It is shown that the mode field can be fitted closely to a Gaussian for large d//spl Lambda/ values (i.e., for strongly guiding structures). For small d//spl Lambda/ values (for weakly guiding structures), a sech function fits the mode field well because the field gradually extends into the cladding region, implying that the analogy of PCFs with step index fibers is not applicable in this regime.
Epidemiology of Uveitis in a Tertiary-care Referral Institute in North India

ABSTRACT Purpose: To report epidemiology of uveitis in a tertiary-care referral institute in North India. Methods: Hospital records of patients with uveitis between June 2011 and September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 1912 patients, 56.64% were males. Anterior uveitis (43.04%) was the most common manifestation followed by posterior uveitis (24.58%), panuveitis (16.21%), and intermediate uveitis (10.66%). Specific etiologies could be ascertained in 60.56%. Tuberculosis (22.9%) was the most common infectious and HLA-B27-associated uveitis (9.46%) among non-infectious causes. Conclusions: There is a trend towards a decrease in idiopathic etiologies of uveitis. Tuberculosis remains the most common infectious etiology in North India.
The Role of Institutional Investors in Public-to-Private Transactions

In Italy, as in many other European countries, listed firms will normally go dark through controlling owner-initiated tender offers. We find that institutional investors play a central role in the bid process and can protect minority shareholders from being frozen out in the bid. Specifically, tender offers are less likely to succeed when a firm has institutional investors in its ownership structure. When public-to-private offers are accepted, bid premiums are significantly greater if a financial institution (particularly when it is foreign, independent or activist) has a stake in the firm. We explore the effect of a number of hitherto unexplored factors on the takeover premium and find that shareholder agreements facilitate public-to-private acquisitions. Other factors, such as a threat to merge the target if the bid fails, or external validation of the offer price, have no impact on either the likelihood of delisting or the premium paid by the bidder.
Is Off-Board Trading Detrimental to Market Liquidity?

Dual trading can have opposite effects: although competition between markets should induce dealers to offer cheaper transactions, market fragmentation could reduce market activity, liquidity, and exchange efficiency. This paper shows that for French stocks traded on the London Stock Exchange's SEAQ International (SEAQ-I), market activity decreases significantly in the Paris Bourse during UK bank holidays. Thus, SEAQ-I market makers seem to divert a new clientele to the Paris Bourse, increasing both market activity and the breadth of the Bourse's order book. Also, contrary to the fragmentation hypothesis, dual trading does not seem to increase information asymmetry. Copyright 2002 by the Eastern Finance Association.
Views on Exercise Maintenance: Variations Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background and Purpose: Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often have to make changes in exercise behavior in order to gain and sustain health benefits. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe ways of understanding exercise maintenance among individuals with RA who had already started to exercise. Participants: Fourteen women and 4 men with RA of at least 2 years’ duration, selected from 4 hospitals or primary health care physical therapy clinics, participated. They had exercised regularly at least twice weekly during the previous 2 months with various levels of support from a physical therapist, and they had attempted to exercise without support outside of the health care environment during the previous year. Method: A phenomenographic approach was used to analyze semistructured interviews. A pattern of categories of descriptions was constructed based on the participants’ conceptions and ways of understanding the phenomenon of exercise maintenance. Results: Five categories were identified: “external control,” “sticks and carrots,” “a joint venture,” “the easy way,” and “on one's own terms. ” The categories became clear by elucidating 2 aspects related to exercise maintenance: (1) the way the participants talked about and experienced the type of support needed and (2) personal factors. Discussion and Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of finding the proper context and support for each patient's needs. Furthermore, preparing for exercise maintenance by strengthening the patient's beliefs in his or her ability to exercise in different settings, by discussing pros and cons of exercise, and by exploiting the patient's ability to adapt and continue exercise outside of the health care environment might be valuable.
Re-thinking relationships between environmental attitudes and values for effective coastal natural resource management in Ghana

The coastal zone of Ghana is home to about a quarter of the total population of the country and its importance has been well emphasised in policy documents, such as the Ghana Shared Growth and Development Agenda, the National Climate Change Policy as well as the National Environmental Policy. However, environmental degradation remains a critical issue as dependence on coastal natural resources continues to increase, and its effect is being felt more strongly by certain groups than others. This paper identifies women as key stakeholders, and through an empirical assessment highlights the need to factor their environmental attitudes and values into efforts to manage the coast in an integrated manner. The results show that respondents generally had positive environmental attitudes, which did not translate to good environmental behaviour. Respondents placed the greatest importance on the coastal natural resources as sources of wealth creation and of food, values which are often described as being “anthropocentric”. Hence, initiatives that could win the support of the local people and also help manage coastal resources effectively are those that link the livelihoods and well-being to coastal natural resource management.
The Australian Agricultural Economics Profession: An Appraisal of Some Current Trends

Using the results of the first part of their 1994 membership survey, Ahmadi-Esfahani and Brakey (1996) examined the structure, conduct and performance of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society qualitatively. This paper extends that analysis by appraising some current trends in the Australian agricultural economics profession quantitatively. It concentrates on the second part of the survey to address a number of fundamental questions. A comparison of the US and Australian agricultural economics professions is made. The implications of the analysis for the product mix of the Society are explored.
Environmental disclosure by Australian mining companies: environmental conscience or commercial reality?

Over the past couple of decades there has been a series of literature in the social accounting field that indicates a gradual increase in the amount of social disclosure appearing in company annual reports. In particular, the amount of environmental disclosures appears to have increased and a number of theories have been postulated as to why companies disclose such information. Most of these prior studies have not identified the particular items that are being disclosed except to classify them broadly as ‘environment’ related and the majority of these studies have found that mining companies disclose more than other industries. Such results have then been used to support various theories as to why disclosure is on the increase, and in particular, to indicate a new ‘commitment’ to the environment by these companies. This is an Australian study that expands current research, and provides an alternative interpretation for environmental reporting by some corporations. It shows that a large proportion of ‘environmental’ disclosures by Australian mining companies are related to rehabilitation of mine sites—this disclosure may not be influenced by a desire to be environmentally conscious, but by a resultant tax benefit from including it in the annual accounts. The findings may have implications for other countries with a large extractive industry and similar tax provisions.
More Scottish than Welsh? Understanding the 2011 Devolved Elections in Scotland and Wales

In line with the prevailing methodological nationalism of electoral studies, sub-state regional elections are often assumed to be shaped primarily by state-wide political dynamics. But such assumptions make it difficult to understand why, as occurred in Scotland and Wales in May 2011, simultaneous sub-state elections might produce sharply contrasting outcomes. Drawing on original data from the Scottish and Welsh Election Studies, this paper compares voting behaviour in these two elections. We test two main hypotheses: that the election outcomes differed because of the greater influence of UK-wide political dynamics in Wales than in Scotland; and that the differing election outcomes reflected simply the differing attractiveness of the main parties in the two nations. We find substantial support for the latter hypothesis, but also some support for the former: vote choice in the 2011 devolved elections was more distinctively Scottish than it was Welsh. The conclusion considers the implications of our findings for understanding devolved politics in Scotland and Wales, and sub-state elections in general.
Unusual Case of Levodopa-Responsive Camptocormia in a Patient With Negative Dopamine Transporter Scan and Normal DYT 5 Gene

ObjectiveTo describe an unusual case of camptocormia responding to levodopa. MethodsWe present a case of camptocormia with a sustained excellent response to levodopa in a patient with negative dopamine transporter and no DYT 5 genetic mutations. ResultsWe present a 52-year-old man with 2 years’ history of progressive camptocormia, with nearly normal posture while standing and forward trunk flexion close to 90 degrees after walking for less than a minute. His posture completely resolved in the supine position. There were no pyramidal or extrapyramidal signs or dystonia in other locations. Family history was noncontributory except 1 paternal aunt with Parkinson disease. There was no history of antidopaminergic exposure. Workup, including brain, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging and paraspinal muscle electromyography, was unremarkable. Serum ceruloplasmin level was normal. Genetic testing for dopa-responsive dystonia, including GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH 1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene mutations (sequencing and deletion), was negative. DYT 6 (THAP1) gene mutation was not found, and dopamine transporter scan imaging obtained 4 years after onset of symptoms was normal. The patient has had an excellent response to levodopa sustained for the past 2 years. ConclusionsLevodopa should be considered in camptocormia even when not associated with neurodegenerative parkinsonism or DYT 5 gene mutation.
A Stated Preference Choice Approach to Understanding Angler Preferences for Management Options

This study investigated the choices anglers make between hypothetical fishing trips as defined by harvest regulations, fishing expectations, and trip costs and ranking the various management scenarios being considered. A fractional factorial design required generation of 80 choice sets. A conditional logit model was used to estimate the preference model. All estimated coefficients of attributes had expected signs except for the “retain more fish greater than the maximum size limit” variable. Anglers did not favor regulations allowing retention of more fish above the current bag limit. The status quo scenario (with most conservative harvest restrictions) was least preferred, as expected. The most liberal harvest restriction scenario was most preferred. When angler expectations were changed, anglers wanted more stringent management that closely resembled the status quo option. Anglers were willing to relax certain rules and seemed to be choosing conservation of fishery resources over exploitation. Funding support for this research by the Coastal Fisheries Division, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station was much appreciated. The authors thank the following individuals who provided important advice and review comments at various stages of the research: Oystein Aas (Norwegian Institute for Nature Research), Dan Fesenmaier (Temple University), Kirk Gillis (Recreational Boating and Fishing Foundation), Robert Hearne (North Dakota State University), Richard Woodward (Texas A&M University), and the two anonymous reviewers of this article.
Are the urban Malaysian selfish, altruistic, dynastic, or social norms and tradition?

The trend of population aging will pose distinct challenges on many parts of society including bequest motives. Bequest is important in an economic sense and crucial element to policy prescriptions related to wealth distribution, saving behaviour among older persons, government pension policy, taxation, charitable contributions, and wealth holdings and income flow for next generation. The aim of this study is to identify the urban Malaysians’ bequest motives. Three bequest motives, named selfish life-cycle model, altruism model, and social norms and tradition model have been identified in this study. The findings alert the society that children are unlikely to co-reside with, or care for their older parents if their parents have little or no housing assets and little or no income. Thus, there is urgent need to introduce and strengthen the long-term care social security system, and to upgrade and expand the old folks’ homes. So that, the frail and needed older persons with little or no assets and income, can receive adequate care and financial supports.