Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endothelial marker-expressing stromal cells are critical for kidney formation.

Kidneys are highly vascularized and contain many distinct vascular beds. However, the origins of renal endothelial cells and roles of the developing endothelia in the formation of the kidney are unclear. We have shown that the Foxd1-positive renal stroma gives rise to endothelial marker-expressing progenitors that are incorporated within a subset of peritubular capillaries; however, the significance of these cells is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether deletion of Flk1 in the Foxd1 stroma was important for renal development. To that end, we conditionally deleted Flk1 (critical for endothelial cell development) in the renal stroma by breeding-floxed Flk1 mice (Flk1fl/fl ) with Foxd1cre mice to generate Foxd1cre; Flk1fl/fl (Flk1ST-/- ) mice. We then performed FACsorting, histological, morphometric, and metabolic analyses of Flk1ST-/- vs. control mice. We confirmed decreased expression of endothelial markers in the renal stroma of Flk1ST-/- kidneys via flow sorting and immunostaining, and upon interrogation of embryonic and postnatal Flk1ST-/- mice, we found they had dilated peritubular capillaries. Three-dimensional reconstructions showed reduced ureteric branching and fewer nephrons in developing Flk1ST-/- kidneys vs. CONTROLS Juvenile Flk1ST-/- kidneys displayed renal papillary hypoplasia and a paucity of collecting ducts. Twenty-four-hour urine collections revealed that postnatal Flk1ST-/- mice had urinary-concentrating defects. Thus, while lineage-tracing revealed that the renal cortical stroma gave rise to a small subset of endothelial progenitors, these Flk1-expressing stromal cells are critical for patterning the peritubular capillaries. Also, loss of Flk1 in the renal stroma leads to nonautonomous-patterning defects in ureteric lineages.
Chloramine-induced pneumonitis from mixing household cleaning agents.

urine microscopy. Four months before admission her haemoglobin concentration had been 13-5 g/dl, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 28 mm in first hour, and serum creatinine concentration 84 ,tmol/l (0 9 mg/100 ml) and she had been normotensive. Ultrasonography carried out because of abdominal pain showed bilateral hydronephrosis. Intravenous urography showed obstruction on both sides at the same level (L4). Retroperitoneal fibrosis was diagnosed and confirmed at operation. The fibrous tissue zone was 3-4 cm long on both sides. The obstructed ureters were liberated from the fibrous retroperitoneal tissue and transplanted to an intraperitoneal position. Biopsy specimens taken during the operation showed dense collagenous fibrotic tissue typical of retroperitoneal fibrosis. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Sotalol was stopped and she was discharged well. Five months later she had no symptoms, was normotensive, and had a haemoglobin concentration of 13-7 g/dl and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 33 mm in first hour.
Ectopic osteogenesis with immortalized human bone marrow stromal stem cells and heterologous bone

Summary To resolve the problem of the insufficient availability of seed cells and to provide seed cells for tissue engineering research, an immortalized human bone marrow stromal stem cell line (MSCxj cells) was established in our department to investigate the ectopic osteogenesis of MSCxj cells. MSCxjs were grown with a heterogeneous bone scaffold for 48 h. Three groups were included: group A: MSCxjs of 35 PDs were maintained with heterogeneous bone; group B: MSCxjs of 128 PDs were maintained with heterogeneous bone; and group C: heterogeneous bone alone. Tetracycline fluorescence staining, H&E staining, and ponceau staining, immunohistochemistry and bone histomorphometry were performed. At the same time, scanning electron microscopy was conducted to detect the growth of MSCxjs and heterogeneous bone. Scanning electron microscopy showed favorable adherence of MSCxjs to heterogeneous bone. A large number of newly generated filamentous extracellular matrix and fine granular materials were found to cover the cells. The results from staining showed that the osteogenesis was not obvious in group A/B 4 weeks after transplantation. Eight weeks after implantation, osteoid matrix deposition was noted in and around the heterogeneous bone in group A/B. Twelve weeks after implantation, osteogenesis was increased in group A/B. There were no significant differences in the time course for bone formation and the amount of newly generated bone between group A/B. Like primary hBMSCs, MSCxj cells have favourable ectopic osteogenesis and can be applied as seeded cells in bone tissue engineering.
A revision of the extensor muscles of the forearm in tetrapods.

IT is among the extensor muscles of the forearm that the most dramatic changes of nerve supply are to be found. In some animals, such as turtles, there are four motor nerves to the extensors; in others, such as frogs and crocodiles, there may be but one. But the changes have been little understood, and there is as yet no agreement as to the primitive state from which the modern structures have been derived. In the case of the muscles also, though they are better known than the nerves, the relationships in the various groups of animals are not understood, and the ancestral plan has never been clearly defined. In this paper, from a study of the most primitive types now available, the turtles, Sphenodon and the urodele amphibians, the primitive conditions are defined, and illustrated by a reconstruction of an early reptile, and then the arrangements in the more specialized types are considered. The literature, particularly the works of Brooks, Ribbing and Howell, will be considered in the text. The material contains representatives of all living orders of reptiles and amphibians which possess limbs, with a monotreme and a marsupial to represent the mammals. Classical types have been used in preference to relatively unknown animals except where they appeared too highly specialized. I have to thank the trustees of the Thomas Smythe Hughes Fund for a grant towards the purchase of specimens, and the Conservators of the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, Prof. A. B. Appleton, Prof. Gowland and Prof. Watson for special material.
Vulnerability of desensitized or curare-treated acetylcholine receptors to irreversible blockade by cobra toxin.

Inactivation of frog myoneural acetylcholine receptors by cobra toxin (24-120 nM) is studied in the presence of reversible antagonists (d-tubocurarine, dihydro-β-erythroidine) and agonists (carbachol, nicotine). During agonist treatments most receptors are densensitized rather than activated. Neither agonists nor antagonists reverse the blockade produced by the toxin. At 26 µM d-tubocurarine, receptors are partially protected from the toxin. At 5 µM d-tubocurarine, a concentration which blocks 97% of the receptors, or lower concentrations, curare-blocked and free receptors are equally vulnerable to the toxin. Receptors are protected against the toxin at 7-140 µM carbachol, concentrations which desensitize 60-99.6% of the receptors. During combined treatment with agonist and toxin, end plate potential amplitudes decline in 300-600 sec to an irreversible "plateau" rather than exponentially to zero. The plateau is well described, as a very slow decline in the number of available receptors, by the following scheme. (A) The receptor population undergoes three simultaneous processes with first-order rate constants in the range 10-4 to 10-2 sec-1: reversible desensitization by agonists, recovery from desensitization, and irreversible inactivation by toxin. (B) Desensitized receptors are essentially invulnerable to the toxin. The agonist data are consistent with the model for desensitization proposed by Katz and Thesleff [J. Physiol. (London) 138, 63 (1957)].
Spectrum of Dirac operator and role of winding number in QCD.

We show that very general considerations based on the properties of the partition function of QCD allow one to extract information about the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator in vacuum gauge fields. In particular, we demonstrate that the familiar suppression of field configurations with a nontrivial topology occurring for small quark masses is a finite size effect which disappears if the four-dimensional volume [ital V] is large enough. The formation of a quark condensate is connected with the occurrence of small eigenvalues of order [lambda][sub [ital n]][proportional to]1/[ital V].
Effects of Genu Varum Deformity on Postural Stability

Abstract It is well known that any balance control disturbance can increase the risk of injury during sport activities. Knee deformities such as genu valgum and genu varum may perturb the line of gravity passing the lower limb joints and so disturb dynamic and static balance indices. This study was designed to investigate the effects of genu valgum and genu varum deformity on the static and dynamic balance indices. 90 non-athletic female university students (age: 21.8±1.75 years, weight: 55.8±9.6 kg, height: 161.3±11.9 cm) were assigned in one of the 3 experimental groups; normal knee (n=30), genu varum (n=30) and genu valgum (n=30), according to their knee conditions. Static and dynamic overall stability index (OSI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI), mediolateral stability index (MLSI) and falling risk were evaluated by the Biodex balance system. No significant difference was seen among these groups in terms of dynamic and static OSI and APSI, while significantly higher falling risk and lower stability was found in the genu varum group compared to the normal groups in term of dynamic and static MLSI (p<0.05). The results showed that genu varum deformity may increase the normal postural sway in the mediolateral direction and also increase falling risk.
Some undecidability results in strong algebraic languages

The recursively unsolvable halting problem for Turing machines is reduced to the problem of the existence or not of an algorithm for deciding whether a field is finite. The latter problem is further reduced to the decision problem of each of properties for recursive sets Σ of equations of strong algebraic languages with infinitely many operation symbols. Decision problems concerning properties of sets of equations were first raised by Tarski [9] and subsequently examined by Perkins [6], McKenzie [4], McNulty [5] and Pigozzi [7]. Perkins is the only one who studied recursive sets; the others investigated finite sets. Since the undecidability of properties Pi for recursive sets of equations does not imply any answer to the corresponding decision problems for finite sets, the latter problems remain open. The work presented here is part of my Ph.D. thesis [2]. I thank Wilfrid Hodges, who supervised it. An algebraic language is a first-order language with equality but without relation symbols. It is here denoted by , where Qi is an operation symbol and cj, is a constant symbol.
Ionic Strength- and Temperature-Induced KCa Shifts in the Uncoating Reaction of Rotavirus Strains RF and SA11: Correlation with Membrane Permeabilization

ABSTRACT The hydrodynamic diameters of native rotavirus particles, bovine RF and simian SA11 strains, were determined by quasielastic light scattering. By using this method and agarose gel electrophoresis, the Ca2+ dissociation constant, KCa, governing the transition from triple-layer particles (TLPs) to double-layer particles (DLPs), was shown to increase, at constant pH, as the temperature and/or the ionic strength of the incubation medium increased. We report the novel observation that, under physiological conditions, KCa values for both RF and SA11 rotaviruses were well above the intracytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations of various cells, which may explain why TLP uncoating takes place within vesicles (possibly endosomes) during the entry process. A correlation between TLP uncoating and cell membrane permeabilization was found, as shown by the release of carboxyfluorescein (CF) from CF-loaded intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles. Conditions stabilizing the virion in the TLP form inhibited CF release, whereas conditions favoring the TLP-to-DLP transformation activated this process. We conclude that membrane permeabilization must be preceded by the loss of the outer-capsid proteins from trypsinized TLP and that physiological ionic strength is required for permeabilization to take place. Finally, the paper develops an alternative explanation for the mechanism of rotavirus entry, compatible with the Ca2+-dependent endocytic pathway. We propose that there must be an iterative process involving tight coupling in time between the lowering of endosomal Ca2+ concentration, virion decapsidation, and membrane permeabilization, which would cause the transcriptionally active DLPs to enter the cytoplasm of cells.
Computerized Respiratory Sounds Are a Reliable Marker in Subjects With COPD

BACKGROUND: Computerized respiratory sounds have shown potential in monitoring respiratory status in patients with COPD. However, the variability and reliability of this promising marker in COPD are unknown. Therefore, this study assessed the variability and reliability of respiratory sounds at distinct air flows and standardized anatomic locations in subjects with COPD. METHODS: A 2-part study was conducted. Part 1 assessed the intra-subject reliability of respiratory sounds at spontaneous and target (0.4–0.6 and 0.7–1 L/s) air flows in 13 out-patients (69.3 ± 8.6 y old, FEV1 of 70.9 ± 21.4% of predicted). Part 2 characterized the inter-subject variability and intra-subject reliability of respiratory sounds at each standardized anatomic location, using the most reliable air flow, in a sample of 63 out-patients (67.3 ± 10.4 y old, FEV1 of 75.4 ± 22.9% of predicted). Respiratory sounds were recorded simultaneously at 7 anatomic locations (trachea and right and left anterior, lateral, and posterior chest). Air flow was recorded with a pneumotachograph. Normal respiratory sound intensity and mean number of crackles and wheezes were analyzed with validated algorithms. Inter-subject variability was assessed with the coefficient of variation, and intra-subject reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: Relative reliability was moderate to excellent for normal respiratory sound intensity and mean number of crackles (ICC of 0.66–0.89) and excellent for mean number of wheezes (ICC of 0.75–0.99) at the 3 air flows. Absolute reliability was greater at target air flows, especially at 0.4–0.6 L/s. Inter-subject variability was high for all respiratory sound parameters and across locations (coefficient of variation of 0.12–2.22). Respiratory sound parameters had acceptable relative and absolute intra-subject reliability at the different anatomic locations. The only exception was the mean number of crackles at the trachea, for which both relative and absolute reliability were poor. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory sound parameters are more reliable at an air flow of 0.4–0.6 L/s and are reliable overall at all anatomic locations. This should be considered in future studies using computerized auscultation.
Increasing Multidrug Resistance inHelicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from Children and Adults in Mexico

ABSTRACT The susceptibilities to three antimicrobials of 195Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mexican patients is reported; 80% of the strains were resistant to metronidazole, 24% were resistant to clarithromycin, and 18% presented a transient resistance to amoxicillin. Resistance to two or more antimicrobials increased significantly from 1995 to 1997.
Establishing a trait anxiety threshold that signals likelihood of anxiety disorders

Abstract Evidence suggests that the State Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA) may be a more pure measure of anxiety than other commonly used scales. Further, the STICSA has excellent psychometric properties in both clinical and nonclinical samples. The present study aimed to extend the utility of the STICSA – Trait version by identifying a cut-off score that could differentiate a group of clinically diagnosed anxiety disorder patients (n=398) from a group of student controls (n =439). Two receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated cut-off scores of 43 (sensitivity=.73, specificity=.74, classification accuracy=.74) and 40 (sensitivity=.80, specificity=.67, classification accuracy=.73), respectively. In a large community sample (n =6685), a score of 43 identified 11.5% of individuals as probable cases of clinical anxiety, while a score of 40 identified 17.0% of individuals as probable cases of clinical anxiety. As a result of differences in sensitivity and specificity, the present findings suggest a cut-off score of 43 is optimal to identify probable cases of clinical anxiety, while a cut-off score of 40 is optimal to screen for the possible presence of anxiety disorders.
A Correlation Study Between Ankle Brachial Pressure Index and the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Previous studies have shown that there was a correlation between low ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) and the presence of the coronary artery disease (CAD). However, few studies have investigated the correlation between ABPI and the severity of CAD by using a scoring system. The authors aimed to investigate this correlation by using ABPI and CAD diagnosed by coronary angiography (CAG). A total of 213 consecutive patients awaiting CAG in Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital from July 2009 to November 2009 were enrolled in this study. The ABPI was measured before CAG. The severity of CAD was graded on CAG by using SYNTAX scores. The authors found a significantly negative correlation between ABPI and SYNTAX scores (correlation coefficient = −.172, P = .01). The authors concluded that ABPI appeared to correlate negatively with the severity of CAD in the Thai population.
Transmission des prénoms et parenté en Pays de Sault, 1740-1940

J'etudie la transmission des prenoms dans plusieurs villages des Pyrenees audoises a partir des registres paroissiaux et des registres d'etat civil. Je mets en evidence l'importance de la relation de parrainage ainsi que la transmission du prenom du grand-pere a son petit- fils successeur de la maison.
Modeling the impact of hydrological changes on nitrate transport in the Mississippi River Basin from 1955 to 1994

The export of nitrate by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico has tripled since the 1950s primarily due to an increase in agricultural fertilizer application and hydrological changes. Here we have adapted two physically based models, the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) terrestrial ecosystem model and the Hydrological Routing Algorithm (HYDRA) hydrological transport model, to simulate the nitrate export in the Mississippi River system and isolate the role of hydrological processes in the observed increase and interannual variability in nitrate export. Using an empirical nitrate input algorithm based on constant land cover and variability in runoff, the modeling system is able to represent much of the spatial and interannual variability in aquatic nitrate export. The results indicate that about a quarter of the sharp increase in nitrate export from 1966 to 1994 was due to an increase in runoff across the basin. This illustrates the pivotal role of hydrology and climate in the balance between storage of nitrate in the terrestrial system and leaching.
Raman studies of the intermediate tin-oxide phase

Bianca Eifert,1 Martin Becker,2 Christian T. Reindl,2 Marcel Giar,1 Lilan Zheng,3 Angelika Polity,2 Yunbin He,3,* Christian Heiliger,1,† and Peter J. Klar2,‡ 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany 2I. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany 3Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China (Received 1 November 2016; revised manuscript received 9 April 2017; published 26 June 2017)
Effect of the Extraction Process on the Biological Activity of Lyophilized Apricot Extracts Recovered from Apricot Pomace

The preservation of polyphenols in fruits by lyophilization has gained great interest in the recent decades. The present study aims to assess the impact of the pre-treatment extraction methods heat-assisted extraction (HAE) and infrared (IR) on lyophilized apricot pomace extracts. Then to test the conservation of polyphenols quantities as well as their bioactivities (antiradical and antibacterial) in lyophilized extract. An aqueous extract was obtained through either heat-assisted extraction or infrared pre-treatments then lyophilized to obtain a dried form. Results showed that the content of polyphenols, the antiradical and antibacterial activities in lyophilized extracts exhibited a slighter decrease in infrared sample compared to the heat-assisted extraction ones. The High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that lyophilized extracts IR and HAE preserved the same phenolic molecules (rutin, catechin and epicatechin) detected in liquid extracts (IR and HAE) with a smaller yield. Lyophilization can be used as a widely process in the food industry to conserve many bioactive molecules.
Memory loss for nonequilibrium open dynamical systems

We introduce a notion of conditional memory loss for nonequilibrium open dynamical systems. We prove that this type of memory loss occurs at an exponential rate for nonequilibrium open systems generated by one-dimensional piecewise-differentiable expanding Lasota-Yorke maps. This result may be viewed as a prototype for time-dependent dynamical systems with holes.
Black, Woman and Alive: Black Women’s Practices of Nontraditional Healing and Freedom

This thesis explores the implications of nontraditional healing methods on Black women’s psychological and holistic health. It includes a critical literature review of existing research by Black Feminist theorists and other Black women scholars on Black women who use nontraditional healing methods, particularly to overcome the violent and pervasive experience of gendered racism and misogynoir. A brief autoethnographic analysis of my own art-based practice is included, with ties to the effectiveness of Literature and Poetry as a nontraditional healing method used by Black women. This thesis is my attempt to create space for myself in academia, in social science, in research. This discourse is inclusive of intersectional identities and cultivates spaces to share our experiences however alike or dissimilar as Black women. Suggestions for application within Psychotherapy and Expressive Arts Therapy is briefly examined.