Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Citrus psorosis ophiovirus in Citrus CV. Navel Orange in Egypt

Citrus is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide. Most of the citrus cultivars are grown as grafted plants. Virus pathogens transmitted by grafting as well as insect vectors could cause economic problems. Among graft transmissible diseases that have been reported from Egypt as well as in the rest of the Mediterranean countries; citrus psorosis disease that is of the most serious and remain the most spread disease in Egypt (Roistacher, 1991; Sofy, 2008). In infected trees, scaly bark symptoms appears on the trunk, staining of interior wood of branch and gummy as well as shortened leaf internodes and mottling patterns on leaves (Ghazal et al., 2008; El-Dougdoug et al., 2009). Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), the type species of the genus Ophiovirus (Vaira et al., 2005), is the putative causal agent of psorosis, a major graft-transmissible disease of citrus (Roistacher, 1993). Virus particles are formed by three single-stranded, negative sense RNAs and a coat protein (CP) of 48 kDa (Derrick et al., 1988; Marti´n et al., 2005). RNA1 contains 8184 bp and its complementary strand has two ORFs potentially encoding a 24 kDa protein of unknown function and a 280 kDa protein with motifs characteristic of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp). RNA2 contains 1644 bp and its complementary strand encodes a 54 kDa protein without similarities to other known proteins and RNA3 contains 1454 bp and its complementary strand encodes the CP (Barthe et al., 1998; Sa´nchez de la Torre et al., 1998 & 2002; Naum-Ongani´a et al., 2003; Marti´n et al., 2005). The sensitive, reliable and rapid identification of plant viruses is essential for effective disease control. For many years, laborious and costly indexing on citrus indicators was the only diagnostic method available (Roistacher, 1993). The first breakthrough in the development of a laboratory diagnostic testing technique came in 1977 with the development of the ELISA (Clark and Adams, 1977). DAS-ELISA (Garcia et al., 1997) and TAS-ELISA (Alioto et al., 1999) are methods developed and applied for psorosis diagnosis in field trees. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed in the early 1990’s and has the ability to selectively amplify a part of the target deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Garcia et al., 1997; Legarreta et al., 2000; D’Onghia et al., 2001), are now being utilized and several primers have been designed for the CPsV detection by the RT-PCR providing an alternative method for diagnosis (Barthe et al., 1998; Legarreta et al., 2000). This study aimed to detect CPsV in citrus trees cv. Navel orange via biological, serological and molecular methods.
On The Effect of Recast in Task-based Grammar Instruction Across Two Age Groups: Adolescents vs. Adults

51 ON THE EFFECT OF RECAST IN TASK-BASED GRAMMAR INSTRUCTION ACROSS TWO AGE GROUPS: ADOLESCENTS VS. ADULTS Esmaeel Abdollahzadeh Iran University of Science and Technology s_abdolah@iust.ac. ir Sanaz Maleki Iran University of Science and Technology Maleki419@gmail.com Abstract In order to address the issue of age differences in feedback reception, this study investigated the effect of recast in task-based grammar instruction on Iranian adolescent and adult EFL learners’ learning of conditionals and relatives. The data were collected from 114 adolescent (aged 15-18) and adult (aged 30-35) EFL learners. Of the two adolescent classes, one class was assigned as the experimental and the other as the control group and the same procedure was followed for the two adult classes. The two experimental groups were provided with recast. The analysis of the participants' performance on the posttest demonstrated that the experimental groups outperformed the control groups, and adults more than adolescents benefited from recast. As a result, the efficacy of recast in establishing new grammatical knowledge was proved. Further, the age of the learners did affect the degree of the utility of recasts in developing grammar knowledge.
Social power and dimensions of self-control: Does power benefit initiatory self-control but impair inhibitory self-control?

Abstract People in power positions should be able to control their impulses and act in line with long-term goals. However, two influential theories disagree as to whether power is conducive or detrimental to exercising self-control. We propose to resolve this contradiction by distinguishing between initiatory (“start”) and inhibitory (“stop”) self-control components that may be differentially affected by social power. Ninety-five female participants were randomly assigned to either a powerful role (interviewer) or a powerless role (applicant) and interacted in a simulated job interview (i.e. a modified Trier Social Stress Test). They then completed two inhibitory (d2 Test of Attention and emotion regulation) and two initiatory (handgrip and creative problem-solving) self-control tasks. We tested the hypotheses that social power benefits task performance if the task requires start self-control but impairs task performance if the task requires stop self-control. Although the power manipulation strongly affected participants’ sense of power, it did not significantly affect self-control performance. Considering that this preregistered study had 80% power to detect an effect of d = 0.64, we conclude that the population effect size is smaller than that.
Management Of Intestinal Atresia At The Aristide Le Dantec Hospital In Dakar, Senegal: A Preliminary Study

Goals: Report diagnostic, therapeutic aspects and outcome of intestinal atresia in our context of developing countries. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study from January 2009 to December 2012. We compiled 10 cases of intestinal atresia with an average age of 4.2 days and a sex ratio of 0.67. We used clinical and paraclinical, treatment and outcome. Results: The clinical picture was that of a bowel obstruction flat stomach in eight cases and bloated stomach in two cases. Three patients had associated malformations. Radiography of the abdomen was performed in all patients showing air-fluid pictures in seven patients and a double bubble appearance in three patients. Surgical exploration found duodenal atresia, jejuno ileal atresia, and colonic atresia. Patients who had jejunoileal atresia were treated by resection followed by end-toend anastomosis in one case and resection stoma in six other cases. The patient who had a bowel atresia received a lateral terminal colostomy. The resumption of diet was started in average on the third postoperative day. Postoperative morbidity consisted ​ mainly of electrolyte disturbances in seven cases and parietal abscesses in four cases. Conclusion: The mortality of intestinal atresia remains high in our context despite surgical treatment. The improved prognosis must pass through the establishment of neonatal intensive care unit, the availability of total parenteral nutrition and strengthening the technical platform.
Trade Costs and the Timing of Competition Policy Adoption (Cots Du Commerce Et Le Moment Choisi Pour Adopter Une Politique De Concurrence)

This paper first presents stylized evidence showing how the date of the adoption of competition policy is correlated with country size. Smaller countries tend to adopt competition policy later. We then present a theoretical model with countries of different size, trade costs, and firms competing a la Cournot. In the model we show that reduced trade costs following from increasing globalization affect countries differently depending on their size. This has implications for the incentives to introduce competition policy. The predictions of the model are consistent with the empirical regularity presented.
Can we play again with Picasso Miss? The effects of the arts in children’s involvement during literacy activities in the Early Years Settings: A case study in the Greek context

Involvement is the cornerstone of the educational process, especially in the early years settings. It is a fundamental factor in people’s actions particularly when they are deeply concentrated in an activity. However, little research has been conducted in the early years settings, with focus on teaching and learning. This piece of research investigates the effects of the arts as a means to promote children’s involvement during literacy activities. This was based on the hypothesis that the arts provide opportunities to children to participate actively. The participants were from a case study of an early years setting in Greece, with 18 children and their average age was 5,2 years old. The research procedure was based on the “Play and Learn through the Arts” programme, which was an interdisciplinary programme that was designed for a PhD project. Children’s involvement was measured with Leuven Involvement Scale for Young Children (LIS-YC) and it was further examined with a semi structured interview to the head teacher of the class. The findings show that the data collected from both measures verifies the research’s hypothesis about the beneficial effect of the arts on children’s involvement during literacy activities. These findings should be treated carefully in terms of generalising them, as they derived from a case study. This research could be useful to early years educators as a pioneering approach in early literacy.
Thermal fluctuations of magnetic nanoparticles: Fifty years after Brown

The reversal time, superparamagnetic relaxation time, of the magnetization of fine single domain ferromagnetic nanoparticles owing to thermal fluctuations plays a fundamental role in information storage, paleomagnetism, biotechnology, etc. Here a comprehensive tutorial-style review of the achievements of fifty years of development and generalizations of the seminal work of Brown [Phys. Rev. 130, 1677 (1963)] on thermal fluctuations of magnetic nanoparticles is presented. Analytical as well as numerical approaches to the estimation of the damping and temperature dependence of the reversal time based on Brown's Fokker-Planck equation for the evolution of the magnetic moment orientations on the surface of the unit sphere are critically discussed while the most promising directions for future research are emphasized.
Monitoring changes in seismic velocity related to an ongoing rapid inflation event at Okmok volcano, Alaska

Okmok is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aleutian Arc. In an effort to improve our ability to detect precursory activity leading to eruption at Okmok, we monitor a recent, and possibly ongoing, GPS‐inferred rapid inflation event at the volcano using ambient noise interferometry (ANI). Applying this method, we identify changes in seismic velocity outside of Okmok's caldera, which are related to the hydrologic cycle. Within the caldera, we observe decreases in seismic velocity that are associated with the GPS‐inferred rapid inflation event. We also determine temporal changes in waveform decorrelation and show a continual increase in decorrelation rate over the time associated with the rapid inflation event. The magnitude of relative velocity decreases and decorrelation rate increases are comparable to previous studies at Piton de la Fournaise that associate such changes with increased production of volatiles and/or magmatic intrusion within the magma reservoir and associated opening of fractures and/or fissures. Notably, the largest decrease in relative velocity occurs along the intrastation path passing nearest to the center of the caldera. This observation, along with equal amplitude relative velocity decreases revealed via analysis of intracaldera autocorrelations, suggests that the inflation source may be located approximately within the center of the caldera and represent recharge of shallow magma storage in this location. Importantly, there is a relative absence of seismicity associated with this and previous rapid inflation events at Okmok. Thus, these ANI results are the first seismic evidence of such rapid inflation at the volcano.
DIVERSIFICATION OF LEGUME-FEEDING PSYLLIDS (HEMIPTERA, PSYLLOIDEA) AND THEIR HOST PLANTS (LEGUMINOSAE, GENISTEAE)

Psyllids (‘jumping plant lice’) are small phytophagous insects that are related to aphids, scales and whiteflies (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha). Psyllids are highly host specific, occurring on one or a few closely related hosts, and they predominantly feed on dicotyledonous angiosperms. In the subfamily Arytaininae (Psylloidea, Psyllinae) there are five psyllid genera that feed exclusively on shrubby legumes in the Genisteae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), and the species diversity for both plant and insect groups is highest in the Mediterranean. I made a detailed field survey of psyllids on Genisteae hosts in the western Mediterranean, including southern Iberia, NW Africa and two of the Macaronesian archipelagos (Canary Islands and Madeira). These collections (over 300) of both psyllids and legumes provided the basis for the taxonomic, phylogenetic and codiversification analyses presented in this study. I have reassessed the classification of the legume-feeding psyllids native to Macaronesia, and I have revised the taxonomy of one genus (Arytainilla). I present evidence that the largest Macaronesian group has a unique island origin distinct from the predominantly continental genera. This Macaronesian group, which also has three continental members, is described as a new genus in order to clarify the monophyly and placement of this group within the Arytaininae. Seventeen new psyllid species in four arytainine genera, discovered in continental and Macaronesian regions, are proposed. I constructed phylogenies for both the arytainine psyllids and their legume host plants, in order to compare colonization, biogeographic patterns and island radiations. I present a phylogenetic study of the Palaearctic arytainine psyllids that incorporates both morphological data (adult and nymphal characters) and molecular data (mitochondrial genes: cytochrome oxidase I and II, including the intervening tRNA leucine; and the small ribosomal subunit rRNA). To investigate the evolution of the island legumes and to establish the relationships between continental and island host plants, a molecular
How to Create Suitable Augmented Reality Application to Teach Social Skills for Children with ASD

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by a reduced ability to appropriately express social greetings. Studies have indicated that individuals with ASD might not recognize the crucial nonverbal cues that usually aid social interaction. This study applied augmented reality (AR) with tabletop role-playing game (AR-RPG) to focus on the standard nonverbal social cues to teach children with ASD, how to appropriately reciprocate when they socially interact with others. The results showed that intervention system provides an AR combined with physical manipulatives and presents corresponding specific elements in an AR 3D animation with dialogue; thus, it can be used to help them increase their social interaction skills and drive their attention toward the meaning and social value of greeting behavior in specific social situations. We conclude that AR-RPG of social situations helped children with ASD recognize and better understand these situations and moderately effective in teaching the target greeting responses.
Porous Structures in Heat Pipes

This work deals with heat pipes with porous wick structures and experiments depending on the wick structure porosity, because the porosity is one of the wick structure properties which has effect on the heat transport ability of the heat pipe. The work describes manufacturing porous wick structures for wick heat pipe by sintering of copper metal powders with various powder grain size; manufacturing porous wick structures for loop heat pipe by sintering of copper and nickel metal powders with various powder grain size; influence of manufacturing technology on the wick structure porosity by microscopic analysis of the porous structure; design and construction of wick heat pipe and loop heat pipes; experimental determination influence of the wick structure porosity on the heat transport ability of loop heat pipes at various conditions; and experimental and mathematical determination influence of the wick structure porosity on the heat transport ability of wick heat pipes at various conditions.
Aquaponics in Bangladesh: current status and future prospects

Bangladesh is a densely populated country in the world having small land and vast water area. The country has excellent fish culture potentiality because of its abundant water resources. Currently aquaculture is being intensified in Bangladesh to meet the demand of fish protein for increasing population. Agricultural land is also being converted to other uses everyday that is creating pressure on natural resources. Lack of food security and food safety are also serious problems here. Aquaponics, as a combined system of recirculating aquaculture and hydroponics, is an innovative technology in Bangladesh which could contribute to addressing these problems. However, there is a lack of quantitative research to support the development of economically feasible aquaponic systems in the country. Although many studies have addressed some scientific aspects, there has been limited focus on commercial implementation. The analysis shows that in aquaponic system water use is minimum, fish and vegetable production per unit area is higher than the conventional aquaculture and agricultural systems. Therefore, aquaponics have ample scope of enhancement of sustainable food production, especially in adverse geographical context of Bangladesh.
Migration and Trade

Theoretical and empirical research in economics suggests that bilateral migration triggers bilateral trade through a number of channels. This paper assesses the functional form of the impact of migration on trade flows in a quasi-experimental setting. We provide evidence that the relationship is not log-linear. In particular, at small levels of migration (stocks) the elasticity of trade to migration is quite high, and it declines to zero at about 4,000 immigrants. If migration stocks exceed such a level, the evidence suggests that trade will not increase anymore. This suggests that cross-country network and other effects flowing from migration materialize at relatively low levels of migration, but there appears to be satiation as immigrant numbers increase by much.
Franchisee personality: An examination in the context of franchise unit density and service classification

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to make the first attempt to examine franchisee personality within the context of alternative franchisee ownership structures (single unit versus multiple unit ownership) and service type (standardised versus customised). Design/methodology/approach – A self‐report mail survey was used in the paper to collect data from a random sample of 363 franchisees drawn from 83 franchise groups. Personality was represented by the Big‐Five personality traits (IPIP‐B5 scales), two dimensions of Empathy (IRI scales of empathic perspective taking and empathic concern) and Emotional Intelligence (EIS). Two separate between‐subjects MANOVAs were conducted for each of the independent variables. Findings – Significant differences were found between franchisee ownership groups on four personality measures (conscientiousness, emotional stability, empathic perspective taking and emotional intelligence) and service type groups on two measures (extraversion and empathic perspective taking). Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed. Research limitation/implications – Future research should investigate the personality of franchisors and different types of franchisees within the context of organisational outcomes such as franchisee performance, commitment, organisational learning and intention to remain and grow within the network (within different international settings). Originality/value – This paper supplements the channels literature by using standard personality measures to differentiate franchisees that are likely to engage in different behaviours within franchise systems.
First field observations on the aestivation of Omphiscola glabra (Gastropoda, Lymnaeida) uninfected or infected with Fasciola hepatica in central France

Field investigations on 12 populations of Omphiscola glabra were carried out in central France over a 5-year period to determine the ability of the species to aestivate in its habitats when summer drying occurred. In the department of Haute-Vienne, spring-born snails aestivated with their apertures applied to the surface of a substratum and most of them were located on the banks of ditches. With the return of wet conditions, the survival of these snails was low. In the department of Indre, most spring-born snails aestivated by burrowing into the marl and were distributed over the whole surface area of their habitats. Higher survivals were noted for these O. glabra after aestivation. Despite a significant difference in the frequencies of buried lymnaeids, the position of snails with a natural infection with F. hepatica in their dried habitats was similar to that found for uninfected ones. The variations found in the aestivation of O. glabra might be explained by the dominant substratum (granite gravel and scarce mud in Haute-Vienne, or a thick layer of marl in Indre) and the plant cover on ditch bottoms.
A computational study of the asymptotic behaviour of coefficient fields of modular forms

The article motivates, presents and describes large computer calculations concerning the asymptotic behaviour of arithmetic properties of coefficient fiel ds of modular forms. The observations suggest certain patterns, which deserve further study. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 11F33 (primary); 11F11, 11Y40.
Magnetospheric magnetic field modelling for the 2011 and 2012 HST Saturn aurora campaigns - implications for auroral source regions

Abstract. A unique set of images of Saturn's northern polar UV aurora was obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2011 and 2012 at times when the Cassini spacecraft was located in the solar wind just upstream of Saturn's bow shock. This rare situation provides an opportunity to use the Kronian paraboloid magnetic field model to examine source locations of the bright auroral features by mapping them along field lines into the magnetosphere, taking account of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) measured near simultaneously by Cassini. It is found that the persistent dawn arc maps to closed field lines in the dawn to noon sector, with an equatorward edge generally located in the inner part of the ring current, typically at ~ 7 Saturn radii ( R S ) near dawn, and a poleward edge that maps variously between the centre of the ring current and beyond its outer edge at ~ 15 R S , depending on the latitudinal width of the arc. This location, together with a lack of response in properties to the concurrent IMF, suggests a principal connection with ring-current and nightside processes. The higher-latitude patchy auroras observed intermittently near to noon and at later local times extending towards dusk are instead found to straddle the model open–closed field boundary, thus mapping along field lines to the dayside outer magnetosphere and magnetopause. These emissions, which occur preferentially for northward IMF directions, are thus likely associated with reconnection and open-flux production at the magnetopause. One image for southward IMF also exhibits a prominent patch of very high latitude emissions extending poleward of patchy dawn arc emissions in the pre-noon sector. This is found to lie centrally within the region of open model field lines, suggesting an origin in the current system associated with lobe reconnection, similar to that observed in the terrestrial magnetosphere for northward IMF.