Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing a Front-Back End solution for the Issuance of Drivers’ License by FRSC in Nigeria

The Nigeria drivers’ license is that document needed by citizen and non-citizen to drive automotive engine in Nigeria. For example, motor cars and motor cycles. Issuance of this license manually has posed so many challenges. These include delay, corrupt practice and others. Because of the indiscriminate ways adopted during the cause of license issuance, this has constituted to the high accident rate on our highway. To resolve this, the Nigeria government introduced the Federal Road Safety Corps that liaises with other units on the issuance of license. The present Internet based methods adopted by FRSC is a forward end based approach. In this approach, clients still need to interact with other units directly before a final submission and collection are done. This approach is still opening for corrupt practices as a result of the direct link between clients and various units involved. To resolve this issue, a front-back end solution approach is proposed. This method uses the back end automated engine as the link between the front and other units involved. A prototype demonstration of this research is carried out using some quality of service metrics. A comparison of this work with the existing one is carried out. The results of this work perform better than the existing methods based on the used metrics.
Remittance and Economic Growth Nexus in Nigeria: Does Financial Sector Development Play a Critical Role?

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between remittances, financial sector development, and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1981 to 2017. The study used the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to analyze the long-run and short-run relationships between the variables. The outcome of the study revealed that the variables are bound together in the long-run. The results also showed that remittances have a negative and significant effect on economic growth both in the long-run and short-run. The study also established that financial sector development has a negative and significant impact on economic growth both in the long-run and short-run. Further, the study confirmed the existence of complementarity between remittances and financial sector development in influencing economic growth. In addition, study revealed that inflation has a negative and significant effect on economic growth both in the long-run and short-run. The findings of the study showed that trade openness, government expenditure, and population growth have no significant impact on economic growth both in the long-run and short-run.
A thriving informal drug market: The case of Roxy market in Abidjan, Ivory Coast

ii Acknowledgements . iii Table of contents . iv List of Tables . vi List of Figures . vi List of Acronyms and abbreviation . vii Chapter 1: Introduction.1 Background . 1 Context and scope of the study . 3 Definition of the Informal Drug Market . 3 Thesis Outline . 4 Chapter 2: Theoretical framework and literature review.4 Theoretical framework . 4 Literature review . 7 The informal drug market: A third world’s issue . 7 The IDM in sub-Saharan African countries . 8 Aim of the study . 11 Chapter 3: Methodology . 12 Research Design . 12 Study Area . 12 Selection of study site and recruitment of study participants . 15 Methods of data collection . 16 Semi-structured Interviews . 16 Focus Group discussions . 18 Informal observations and conversations . 19 Secondary data-documents . 19 Data management and analysis . 20 Trustworthiness of the research . 20 Credibility . 21 Dependability . 21 Transferability . 22 Confirmability . 22 Role of the researcher . 23 Epistemological reflections . 23 Ethical consideration . 24
CEO Internal Experience and Voluntary Disclosure Quality: Evidence from Management Forecasts

Internally-promoted CEOs should have a deep understanding of their firm’s products, supply chain, operations, business climate, corporate culture, and how to navigate among employees to get the information they need. Thus, we argue that internally-promoted CEOs are likely to produce higher quality disclosure than outsider CEOs. Using a sample of U.S. firms from the S&P 1,500 index from 2001 to 2011, we hand-collect whether a CEO is hired from inside the firm and, if so, the number of years they worked at the firm before becoming CEO. We then examine whether managers with more internal experience issue higher quality disclosures and offer three main findings. First, CEOs with more internal experience are more likely to issue voluntary earnings forecasts than those managers with less internal experience as well as those managers hired from outside the firm. Second, CEOs with more internal experience issue more accurate earnings forecasts than those managers with less internal experience as well as those managers hired from outside the firm. Finally, investors react more strongly to forecasts issued by insider CEOs than to those issued by outsider CEOs. In additional analysis, we find no evidence that these results extend to mandatory reporting quality (i.e., accruals quality, restatements, or internal control weaknesses), perhaps because mandatory disclosure is subjected to heavy oversight by the board of directors, auditors, and regulators. Overall, our findings suggest that when managers have work experience with the firm prior to becoming the CEO, the firm’s voluntary disclosure is of higher quality.
Taxing Financial Transactions in Fundamentally Heterogeneous Markets

The recent global financial crisis has revived a well-honored debate on the desirability and feasibility of taxing financial activities to curb speculation and promote price stability. In this paper we apply agent-based computational techniques to explore this issue in a multi-market environment in which the processes driving the fundamental value of the securities traded in different jurisdictions are heterogeneous. A natural exemplification is to assume that security dealers have the opportunity of submitting orders by choosing among stock markets at different stages of development. We argue that the proper policy objective to be targeted is not volatility in itself, but that in excess of the discounted stream of subsequent dividends, that is price efficiency. In this case, a global coordination is incentive-compatible, given that it minimizes the distortion associated to speculative trading on the one hand, and it ensures that the loss of trading volume is lower if compared to the case of unilateral taxation on the other one. Notwithstanding a fundamental heterogeneity of the markets involved, the optimal tax rate turns out to be uniform.
The Effect of Absorptive Capability on Relationship between Total Quality Management and New Product Innovativeness of ISO 9001 International Quality Standard in the Industries Sector, Thailand

Many scholars have suggested that total quality management (TQM) is an important key that pushes innovation. Literature examines the effect of absorptive capability as a mediator of the relationship between TQM and new product innovativeness. However, there are a few studies investigated these relationships. This results draws on the resource-based view theory to examine sixty-two ISO 9001 firms. The finding shows that TQM is positively related to new product innovativeness. More importantly, the result indicated that absorptive capability positively mediated the relationship between both variables. Implication of the finding is meaningful for both academies and management.
A Child Rights-Based Approach to Food Marketing A Guide for Policy Makers

A Child Rights-Based Approach to Food Marketing: A Guide for Policy Makers offers a legal analysis that links the WHO Recommendations with a human rights framework, particularly the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In this analysis, the CRC provides the foundation for a child rights-based approach to ending childhood obesity and the prevention of non-communicable diseases.
Local government financial resilience: Germany, Italy and UK compared: with a practical tool-kit for local governments

The increased uncertainty, volatility and complexity under which local governments operate, coupled with recent shocks, starting with the 2008 financial crisis, but also including Brexit and the increasing influx of refugee migrants, have put great emphasis on governmental financial resilience, i.e., how governments cope with shocks affecting their finances. This report increases our understanding of local government financial resilience by presenting the results of a survey of local governments across Italy, the UK and Germany. Analysing the combination of internal and external resilience dimensions against the background of recent crises and across countries, the project not only sheds light on different performance enabling capacities but also helps to achieve a greater understanding of how local governments maintain or build resilience. The capacities, which also assist in keeping particular vulnerabilities in control, are specified in practical guidance linked to this report, a tool-kit for local governments to assess and develop their capacities in order to be better equipped to cope with disruptive events.
Education, Service Quality, Accountability, Awareness, and Taxpayer Compliance: Individual Taxpayer Perception

The aim of this study is to investigate how education, service quality, and accountability affect taxpayer compliance and awareness. A model was developed and tested by using a sample of 253 taxpayers listed on the Directorate General of Taxation in Riau, Indonesia. Data were collected and analyzed by using least squares regression and moderated regression analyses. Results show that education, service quality, and accountability affect taxpayer compliance. The results also indicate that tax awareness strengthen the effects of education, service quality, and accountability on taxpayer compliance.
Online behavioral advertising: An integrative review

ABSTRACT Due to the rapid proliferation in the algorithm-driven online tracking and profiling infrastructure, and the increasing business potential of online behavioral advertising, researchers from various disciplines are attracted to the growing body of knowledge on the phenomenon. Although the literature on online behavioral advertising is accumulating, the stream of research is still in the development stage, hence is highly fragmented. This paper aims to review, organize, and integrate the literature on online behavioral advertising and assess the-state-of-the-art in order to facilitate future research. The review covers 80 peer-reviewed journal articles from 47 scholarly journals published between 2000 and 2018. The resulting framework summarizes the progress in online behavioral advertising research and provides future research directions.
Measurement of Regional Financial Management Information Systems Success in Denpasar City Government

SIPKD is a regional financial system that is used by the Denpasar City Government in on financial management activities so as to be able to produce financial reports of local governments. Since the implementation of the SIPKD, the Denpasar City Government had obtained an increase in Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia’s Audit Opinion on Local Government Financial Reports, namely Unqualified Opinion for six years. Based on this phenomenon, this study examined the measurement of SIPKD success in Denpasar City Government. The measurement of the success of SIPKD is based on DeLone and McLean model. This study examines the effect of system quality, information quality, and supervision action on user satisfaction and net benefits, the effect of user satisfaction on net benefits, and the effect of system quality, information quality, and supervision action on net benefits through user satisfaction. The sample determination technique used purposive sampling with the criteria of all SIPKD users in Denpasar City Government, as many as 99 people. Data collection used a questionnaire that distributed to 36 OPDs in the Denpasar City Government. Data analysis used Partial Least Square. The results showed that system quality, information quality, and supervision action had a positive effect on user satisfaction and net benefits. User satisfaction had a positive effect on net benefits. User satisfaction is not able to mediate the effect of system quality, information quality, and supervision action of net benefits.
Knowledge Management and Transfer in Tourism: An Italian Case

Tourism destinations have today a necessity to innovate and remain competitive in an increasingly global competitive environment. A pre-requisite for innovation is the understanding of how destinations source, share and use knowledge. This paper examines the nature of networks and how their analysis can shed light upon how destinations can share and benefit from knowledge as they strive to innovate and be competitive. The paper conceptualizes destinations as networks of connected organizations, both public and private, each of which can be considered as destination stakeholders. In network theory they represent the nodes within the system. The paper shows how epidemic diffusion models can act as an analogy for knowledge communication and transfer within a destination network. These models can be combined with other network analysis approaches to shed light on how destination networks operate, and how they can be optimized with policy intervention to deliver innovative and competitive destinations. The paper closes with a practical tourism example taken from the Italian destination of Elba. Using simulations the case demonstrates how the Elba network can be optimized. Overall this paper demonstrates the considerable utility of network analysis for tourism in delivering destination
FIGHTING THE (RIGHT) WINDMILLS:An extended view on business model innovation impediments for the energy transition

The energy industry is facing technological, societal and regulatory pressures. Business Model Innovation (BMI) is regarded as a means to withstand the challenges of the changing industry by leveraging competitive advantages stemming from novel, innovative Business Models (BM). However, BMI theory has largely been developed based on empirical data from the e-commerce and internet industries. Thus, the question arises whether BMI can reach its envisioned potential in a regulated industry such as the energy industry. By addressing the question of how BMI functions in the energy industry in light of its regulatory impediments, we uncover that BMI is hampered by different industry- and firm-level factors. Based on these results, we suggest that BMI theory should be adapted to better account for boundary conditions such as regulation and the type of the firm (incumbent vs. start-up). We contribute to practice by revealing different kinds of impediments to BMI and we contribute to BMI theory by suggesting a research agenda.
Can Government Transfers Make Energy Subsidy Reform Socially Acceptable?: A Case Study on Ecuador

Energy subsidies account for about 7% of Ecuador’s yearly public spending, or two thirds of the fiscal deficit. Removing these subsidies would yield clear economic and environmental benefits and help implement climate targets set in the Paris Agreement. However, expected adverse effects on vulnerable households can make reforms politically difficult. To inform policy design, we use household survey data from Ecuador in combination with augmented input-output data to assess the distributional impacts of energy subsidy reform. We find that in absolute terms energy subsidies benefit richer households more than poor ones. Relative to household income, subsidy removal without compensation would be regressive for diesel and LPG, progressive for gasoline, and approximately neutral for electricity. We then analyze how a fraction of financial resources freed up by subsidy reform could be used to mitigate income losses for poor households by means of in-kind and in-cash revenue recycling schemes. Our results indicate that removing all energy subsidies and increasing the existing social protection program, Bono de Desarrollo Humano, by nearly US$ 50 per month would confer net benefits of almost 10% of their current income to the poorest quintile. In addition, more than 1.3 billion US$ would still be available for the public budget after the reform. Finally, we conduct expert interviews to evaluate the political and institutional challenges related to energy subsidy reform. We identify two combinations of reform options and recycling schemes that would benefit the poorest 40% of households and are deemed to be feasible: eliminating subsidies on gasoline while increasing the amount transferred to vulnerable households through the Bono de Desarrollo Humano and replacing universal LPG subsidies with targeted LPG vouchers.
How has access to general practitioner services changed since the Primary Health Care Strategy 2001?

With a governmental review of the health system impending, it is timely to examine whether the universal capitation-based subsidies engendered by the 2001 Primary Health Care Strategy have achieved and maintained their strategic goal of expanding access to general practitioners and reducing inequities. Prior scholarship finds evidence of reduced fees and increased consultation numbers and rates during the roll-out period, but the long-run picture remains unexplored, and there are multiple hitherto unexamined sources of endogeneity to unravel. This thesis addresses these gaps by examining New Zealand Health Survey data between 2002/03 and 2015/16. I examine the distribution of co-payments, utilisation and unmet need due to cost using regression modelling, accounting for endogenous self-reporting errors and selection effects through instrumentation and Heckman modelling, respectively. I propose a novel instrument to account for selection bias in self-reported fees, applicable in contexts where general practitioners play ‘gate-keeping’ roles for tertiary services. I find that the expanded universal subsidies were associated with improved access for Māori and more preventive visits as intended. However, patients with the greatest health need made far fewer doctors’ visits per annum than before. After providing universal subsidisation, the fees paid by high- and low-income groups also converged, and low-to-middle-income earners made more use of services but high-income earners did not. The higher rates of utilisation for both the whole population and for Māori have not survived in recent years. I discuss a range of possible explanations for these developments, with particular attention paid to the role of both the capitation subsidies and the subsequent Very-Low Cost Access price-capping scheme. This research contributes evidence to international scholarship on the link between universal healthcare subsidisation and equity of access, with attention to local nuances. It further provides domestic policymakers with an understanding of the contemporary scope and correlates of poor healthcare access ahead of the health system review.
Waqf institutions in Malaysia: appreciation of Wasaṭiyyah approach in internal control as a part of good governance

Good governance is important for the sustainability of Waqf institutions in Malaysia. As a part of good governance, the evaluation of internal control and its components are essential to be considered. While reaching the Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah (the objectives of the Lawgiver), the appreciation of Wasaṭiyyah approach can be utilised in the evaluation of internal control in the Waqf institutions. Based on qualitative research method, this research explores the internal control and its components in Waqf institutions. The conceptual study on Wasaṭiyyah approach is provided in brief, and the appreciation of Wasaṭiyyah approach in relation to internal control and its components are provided. It is found that Wasaṭiyyah approach can be used in the evaluation of internal control of Waqf institutions in improving their good governance. ********************************************************* Tadbir urus yang baik adalah penting untuk kelestarian institusi Waqfdi Malaysia. Sebagai sebahagian daripada tadbir urus yang baik, penilaian kawalan dalaman dan komponennya penting untuk dipertimbangkan. Bagi mencapai Maqāsid al-Sharī’ah, penghargaan terhadap pendekatan Wasaṭiyyahseharusnya dihayati dalam penilaian kawalan dalaman dalam institusi Waqf. Berdasarkan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif, penyelidikan ini menghuraikan kawalan dalaman dan komponennya dalam institusi Waqf. Kajian konseptual mengenai pendekatan Wasaṭiyyah ini disediakan secara ringkas, dan penghargaan terhadap pendekatan Wasaṭiyyah berkaitan dengan pengendalian secara kawalan dalaman dan komponennya adalah disediakan. Adalah didapati bahawa pendekatan Wasaṭiyyah dalam penilaian kawalan dalaman institusi Waqf dapat meningkatkan tadbir urus institusi Waqf secara baik dan berkesan.
Tendinopathy: The Role of Polarised Polychromatic Non-Coherent Light Commonly called Bioptron Light

Commonly called Bioptron Light Michos Ioannis1, Talias Michalis2, Lamnisos Dimitrios3, Dimopoulos Christos4 and Stasinopoulos Dimitrios3 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Cyprus 2Department of Health Economics and Statistics, Open University of Cyprus, Cyprus 3Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Cyprus 4Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Cyprus
Functions of Uni- and Multi-citations: Implications for Weighted Citation Analysis

Abstract Purpose (1) To test basic assumptions underlying frequency-weighted citation analysis: (a) Uni-citations correspond to citations that are nonessential to the citing papers; (b) The influence of a cited paper on the citing paper increases with the frequency with which it is cited in the citing paper. (2) To explore the degree to which citation location may be used to help identify nonessential citations. Design/methodology/approach Each of the in-text citations in all research articles published in Issue 1 of the Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology (JASIST) 2016 was manually classified into one of these five categories: Applied, Contrastive, Supportive, Reviewed, and Perfunctory. The distributions of citations at different in-text frequencies and in different locations in the text by these functions were analyzed. Findings Filtering out nonessential citations before assigning weight is important for frequency-weighted citation analysis. For this purpose, removing citations by location is more effective than re-citation analysis that simply removes uni-citations. Removing all citation occurrences in the Background and Literature Review sections and uni-citations in the Introduction section appears to provide a good balance between filtration and error rates. Research limitations This case study suffers from the limitation of scalability and generalizability. We took careful measures to reduce the impact of other limitations of the data collection approach used. Relying on the researcher’s judgment to attribute citation functions, this approach is unobtrusive but speculative, and can suffer from a low degree of confidence, thus creating reliability concerns. Practical implications Weighted citation analysis promises to improve citation analysis for research evaluation, knowledge network analysis, knowledge representation, and information retrieval. The present study showed the importance of filtering out nonessential citations before assigning weight in a weighted citation analysis, which may be a significant step forward to realizing these promises. Originality/value Weighted citation analysis has long been proposed as a theoretical solution to the problem of citation analysis that treats all citations equally, and has attracted increasing research interest in recent years. The present study showed, for the first time, the importance of filtering out nonessential citations in weighted citation analysis, pointing research in this area in a new direction.