Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic evaluations of lactation persistency for Italian Simmental cows based on multivariate principal component analysis

Lactation persistency is defined as the ability of a cow to maintain as high as possible milk daily yield during lactation. This property, also so called “flatness” of lactation curve, has positive effects on health and reproduction status, because of a less negative energetic balance. Principal component analysis were used to decompose correlation matrix of test-day milk yields of 145,812 lactations of 90,655 Italian Simmental cows. The two leading principal components were associated, with whole lactation yield and lactation curve shape, respectively. The second principal component (PC2) was treated as new quantitative phenotype and analized under a BLUP animal model for a genetic evaluation. Genetic trends of cows and bulls show a substantial flat pattern. Empirical comparison among average lactation pattern of groups daughters of bulls which were very different on PC2 ebvs, confirmed the goodness of this indicator. Correlations between these ebvs and those calculated in Germany/Austria on bulls evaluated in both countries were moderate, that means ebvs for this trait calculated in this study are quite comparable. __________________________________________________________________________________
INVESTIGATING THE SUITABILITY OF PRESSMUD AND COIR PITH FOR USE AS SOILLESS SUBSTRATE BY SEM, XRF, UV-VIS AND FTIR SPECTROSCOPY TECHNIQUES

Pressmud and coir pith are bulk organic substrates useful for constituting soilless media. In the instrumental investigation, the lignocellulosic organic substances predominant in coir pith and pressmud were characterized in terms of proximate constituents, elemental composition and functional groups. The elemental composition studies by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and proximate constituent analysis showed that both coir pith and pressmud contain sufficient amounts of macroand micro-nutrients, as well as important organic constituents, such as sugar, cellulose, protein and wax. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) revealed the fibrous and porous nature of both substrates. UVvisible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analyses revealed the presence of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, and other characteristics of natural fibers. The cation and anion exchange reactions and the adsorption phenomenon exhibited by coir pith and pressmud were attributed to the functional groups on their surfaces. Hence, the findings support their suitability as a growing substrate for soilless crop production.
Fault-Tolerant Power Electronic System for Drag Power Kites

An approach for a fault-tolerant power electronic system for drag power kites is proposed. The key idea is to use a high number of electrical cables in the tether and leave rotor drivetrains in groups isolated on the kite, in the tether, and on the ground. The power flow is paralleled behind an uninterruptible power supply of each drivetrain group on the ground. It is shown that this approach hardly affects the overall system performance, for example, due to the anyways high optimal number of electrical cables in the tether. With this approach, a fault in one drivetrain group does only affect the same drivetrain group and a fault between two drivetrain groups affects only the same two drivetrain groups. A fuse system and a fault shut-off control for the power converters are proposed, with which also faults between two drivetrain groups lead at most to unavailability of only one drivetrain group. In particular also open circuit faults and short circuit faults in the tether are mitigated and are overall not harmful for the system and a usual multicopter-like landing is still possible. Therefore, the proposed power electronic system design has no single point of failure. A generalization and a number of variants are discussed. In detail, a number of power electronic topologies and both tether power transmission types, DC and AC, are possible. The proposed approach was verified by a high number of circuit simulations and by a proof-of-principle demonstrator. In all cases it was confirmed that any open circuit fault and any short circuit fault lead at the most to unavailability of only one rotor drivetrain group.
Effect of Solvent, Role of Formic Acid and Rh/C Catalyst for the Efficient Liquefaction of Lignin

We demonstrate highly efficient liquefaction of alkali lignin with a very high yield of THF‐soluble bio‐oil (91.5 wt %) using formic acid (FA) and Rh/C catalyst under relatively mild reaction conditions (250 °C, 6 h) in EtOH−H2O co‐solvent system. The monomeric products are identified in which alkyl guaiacols accounts for the main proportion. The role of FA was not only used as a liquid‐phase in‐situ hydrogen source but also acts as organic acid which can catalyze the hydrolysis reaction of −C−O−C ether bonds of lignin. Moreover, in the present study, the role of Rh/C and FA is demonstrated for the liquefaction of lignin. The replacement of pure H2 gas by the liquid‐phase FA (hydrogen source) can effectively prevent the char formation. The utilization of Rh/C catalyst helps for the conversion of alkenyl guaiacols to alkyl guaiacols suggesting the hydrogenation of phenolic monomers and further cleavage by hydrogenation results in the formation of bio‐oil with lower molecular weight (Mn=466 g mol−1) as well as lower O/C ratio (0.26).
Phyto-remedial detoxification of arsenic by Pistia stratiotes and assessment of its anti-oxidative enzymatic changes

Abstract Arsenic (As), a major groundwater contaminant has gained attention as a surface water pollutant, due to its deposition on agricultural fields and nearby waterbodies as a result of over usage of groundwater. Several plants have the unique ability to phyto-remediate and accumulate As but differ in their potential. The present study focuses on removal of arsenic by Pistia stratiotes exposed to 10, 50, 100, and 200 ppb of As (As2O3), and simultaneous anti-oxidative changes in plants facilitating arsenic tolerance in these aquatic macrophytes. The removal percentage rate of As was found to decrease with the increase in initial As levels in the hydroponic solution over an experimental period of 28 days. The maximum removal percentage was obtained at the 10 ppb As level (61.42%). Changes in concentration of anti-oxidative enzymes, i.e., catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase, were measured over intervals of 7 days. Significant changes were observed in activities of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase with highest catalase activity on 28th day at 200 ppb As concentration. Ascorbate peroxidase activity varied over 28-day period with increased activity from seventh day. Activity of guaiacol peroxidase showed the same trend as ascorbate peroxidase. The present research work highlights the assessment of anti-oxidative enzymatic changes in Pistia stratiotes due to As exposure and uptake.
Separator Modified by Cobalt‐Embedded Carbon Nanosheets Enabling Chemisorption and Catalytic Effects of Polysulfides for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries are considered to be one of the promising next‐generation energy storage systems. Considerable progress has been achieved in sulfur composite cathodes, but high cycling stability and discharging capacity at the expense of volumetric capacity have offset their advantages. Herein, a functional separator is presented by coating cobalt‐embedded nitrogen‐doped porous carbon nanosheets and graphene on one surface of a commercial polypropylene separator. The coating layer not only suppresses the polysulfide shuttle effect through chemical affinity, but also functions as an electrocatalyst to propel catalytic conversion of intercepted polysulfides. The slurry‐bladed carbon nanotubes/sulfur cathode with 90 wt% sulfur deliver high reversible capacity of 1103 mA h g−1 and volumetric capacity of 1062 mA h cm−3 at 0.2 C, and the freestanding carbon nanofibers/sulfur cathode provides a high discharging capacity of 1190 mA h g−1 and volumetric capacity of 1136 mA h cm−3 at high sulfur content of 78 wt% and sulfur loading of 10.5 mg cm−2. The electrochemical performance is comparable with or even superior to those in the state‐of‐the‐art carbon‐based sulfur cathodes. The separator reported in this work holds great promise for the development of high‐energy‐density Li‐S batteries.
Coagulation and Antimicrobial Efficiency of Moringa Olifera in the Treatment of Nigeria Bottling Company’s Waste Water, Irete, Imo State, Nigeria

The effectiveness of Moringa oleifera as coagulant for treating waste water was carried out by conducting the microbial load, biological and morphological characteristic of the colony were analyzed. The total bacterial count, coliform count and fungi count of raw water was 3.6×10 5 cfu/ml, 2.9×10 4 cfu/ml and 2.0×10 4 cfu/ml respectively. The total bacterial count of the waste water treated with Moringa oleifera ranged from (7.2×10 5 cfu/ml - 4.2×10 6 cfu/ml); the total coliform count of the waste water ranged from (0.3×10 4 cfu/ml - 1.6×10 5 cfu/ml) while the total fungi count ranged from (1.0×10 2 cfu/ml - 1.6×10 4 cfu/ml). There was a significant difference (P Moringa oleifera when compared to the raw water. There was no significant difference (P Moringa olefera treated water and the raw water, however significant decrease of total fungi was recorded. From the above results it can be concluded that Moringa oleifara can serve as a good coagulant and an antimicrobial agent against fungi in the treatment of industrial (Nigeria Bottling Company Irete, Imo State, Nigeria) waste water.
Chapter 8: Tech-Savvy Librarian Versus (Library) Technologist: Understanding the Future Role of Librarians in Technology Practice

Abstract Purpose – As the role of technology in libraries has broadened and expanded, tech-savvy librarians and non-librarian technologists are increasingly working side by side in complex digital environments. Little research has explored the key differences between these roles and the implications for the future of the Master of Library Science (MLS) and its variant degrees, particularly as technologists from various backgrounds increasingly enter the information field. This chapter contrasts the technological responsibilities of the two groups to build an understanding of the necessity of the MLS in library-oriented technology work. Design/Methodology/Approach – Qualitative coding and text mining techniques were used to analyze technology-oriented librarian and non-librarian job advertisements, technology curriculum changes, and surveyed technology interests of current information professionals. Findings – Findings indicate a clear distinction between librarian and non-librarian technology responsibilities. Librarian positions emphasize web design, data and metadata, technology troubleshooting, and usage of library-oriented software. Non-librarian technologists require programming, database development, and systems administration, with deeper software and systems knowledge. Overlap was noted in the areas of user experience, linked data, and metadata. Several newer trends that information professionals expressed a desire to learn – such as makerspace technologies – were observed to be poorly covered in the technology curriculum, though the MLS curriculum generally covered the tech-savvy librarians’ responsibilities. Originality/Value – This chapter builds understanding of the current necessity of the MLS in library-oriented technology work, as contrasted against the role of non-librarian technologists, through analysis of a triangulated set of data sources covering employment opportunities, technology curriculum, and librarians’ technology interests.
USING OF ALPHA LATTICE DESIGN FOR INCREASING PRECISION OF FABA BEAN YIELD TRIALS

The current investigation aimed at evaluating the yielding performance for 20 faba bean genotypes using randomized complete block design (RCBD) and alpha lattice design. The field experiments were conducted using alpha lattice design with three replications at Giza Agricultural Research Station during the two growing seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Four statistical criteria being Coefficient of Variation (CV), Relative Efficiency (RE), P-value and power function were used to investigate the validity and usefulness of alpha lattice design over RCBD in accounting for the spatial variability. Results showed that alpha lattice design was more precise and effective in reducing the experimental error compared to RCBD indicating its great ability to detect the significance of small differences among genotypes means. The superiority of alpha lattice design over RCBD was clear in both seasons because they recorded the lowest values of each of CV and P-value beside the highest values of RE and power function. There was inconsistency in the rank orders of the genotype means resulted from alpha lattice design compared to RCBD. This result might be expected due to the different mathematical background of the two designs in removing plot to plot heterogeneity. Considering RCBD and alpha lattice designs simultaneously, results showed that genotypes number 6, 8 and 10 produced the highest seed yields in the 1st growing season with no significant differences among them while in the 2nd season, genotypes number 5, 9, 10 and 16 had the maximum seed yield
Neem Leaf Glycoprotein Facilitates Lung Carcinoma- Associated Antigen-Specific Anti-Cancer Immune Response Utilizing Macrophage-Mediated Antigen Presentation and Induction of Type 1 Cytokines Coupled with Nitric Oxide Production

Introduction: Based on earlier observations on unique immunomodulatory and adjuvant functions of neem leaf glycoprotein (NLGP), investigations of this work were designed. NLGP was attempted to be used as an adjuvant for lung carcinoma-associated antigen (LCA) which not only activated macrophages but also induced macrophages to release nitric oxide (NO), a key tumoricidal agent known to regulate T-cell proliferation, cytokine production, cell signaling, and apoptosis. Materials and Methods: Macrophages, generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), were pulsed with LCA isolated from lung carcinoma cell line A549, in presence or absence of NLGP for antigen presentation. Intramacrophageal NO was estimated based on Griess reaction. Cytokine levels were estimated by ELISA. Lymphocytic proliferation was checked by MTT assay. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) generated cytotoxicity was tested by LDH assay. Results: NLGP potentiates immune responses during pulsation with LCA by specific lymphocytic proliferation (p<0.001) and generation of CTLs (p<0.001). LCA+NLGP treatment creates a type-1 immune environment by increasing secretion of type-1 cytokines IFN-g and IL-12 (p<0.001) and decrease in type-2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 (p<0.001). LCA+NLGP treatment increased the release of type-1 cytokine-dependent NO. In vitro neutralization of IFN-g/IL-12 results into drastic decrease in NO release from macrophages. Conclusion: Obtained results demonstrated the interdependence of three anti-tumor immune functions, namely, NO production, CTL generation and production of a type-1 immune response mediated through NLGP. NLGP-generated anti-LCA immune response would be an effective strategy to treat lung carcinomas.
Gender Differences in the Evolution of Haute Cuisine Chef´s Career

ABSTRACT This article reviews gender differences in the career paths of successful chefs, including barriers, success factors, and the entrepreneurial path. The research was developed in 2016–17, using an international survey carried out in Spain, France, and the United States among culinary students, cooks, and chefs who responded to a structured questionnaire based on pre-selected topics. The results show that a chef’s career requires various sets of skills. They should be leaders, mentors, and entrepreneurs. They work in a hard and competitive environment where building their brand and achieving public recognition is a must. Their professional satisfaction depends on learning, evolving, and launching their restaurant. There were two main differences between the sample of women chefs and the general sample of chefs: they required more mentoring, and they achieved greater job satisfaction when they were self-employed.
Increased fructose consumption has sex‐specific effects on fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in humans

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a primarily hepatic hormone with pleotropic metabolic effects, is regulated by fructose in humans. Recent work has established that 75 g of oral fructose robustly stimulates FGF21 levels in humans with peak levels occurring 2 h following ingestion; this has been termed an oral fructose tolerance test (OFTT). It is unknown whether prolonged high‐fructose consumption influences the FGF21 response to acute fructose or whether biological sex influences FGF21–fructose dynamics.
Mineralogy and Petrology of Chars Produced by South African Caking Coals and Density-Separated Fractions during Pyrolysis and Their Effects on Caking Propensity

Thermochemical processes use low-rank bituminous coal to produce steam and synthetic gas. Caking coal particles can soften, swell, and coalesce in the South African boilers and fixed-bed gasifiers during pyrolysis and have low syngas quality and low production efficiency. Understanding the mineralogy, chemistry, and petrography of coal would allow a better understanding of the root causes of the caking propensity of coal particles during pyrolysis. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mineral transformation and maceral decomposition on the caking propensity of coal particles during low-temperature pyrolysis. Float-sink tests were conducted on the caking coal to produce different density-separated fractions for pyrolysis tests under experimental conditions (550 °C, 0.87, 30 bar, and 15 min) and characterization studies using mineralogical and chemical analyses. QEMSCAN results showed that the <1.3 g/cm3 float fractions contained high proportion of vitrinite, low contents of ka.
Spraying of Garlic Extract, Fructose and Salicylic Acid Accelerates Bud Burst and Improves Productivity and Fruit Quality of Superior Grapevines

This study was carried out during 2016/ 2017 and 2017/ 2018 seasons on 78 mature selfrooted, 15years old cane trained Superior grapevines. The selected vines were uniform in vigour as possible. The vines were treated with 4 % garlic extract, 3 % fructose and 300 mg/l salicylic acid at four times (the last week of Dec., the first week of Jan., the second week of Jan., and the third of Jan.). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of these treatments on the time of bud burst, percentages of bud burst, berry setting, fruiting buds, shot berries, growth, productivity and berry quality of Superior grapevines. Results revealed that, the maximum values of these various measurements were found on the vines that were treated with 300 mg/l salicylic acid on the first week of Jan. and was beneficial for obtaining an economical yield advancing harvesting date, controlling shot berries and producing fairly good quality of Superior grapes growing under Sohag conditions.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PUPUK UREA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI SEL Nannochloropsis sp.

Nannochloropsis sp. merupakan mikroalga yang dibudidayakan sebagai pakan alami serta memiliki peranan penting dalam usaha pembenihan ikan, udang, kepiting dan biota laut lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi pupuk urea terhadap pertumbuhan populasi sel Nannochloropsis sp dan konsentrasi pupuk terbaik untuk pertumbuhan populasi sel Nannochloropsis sp. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode ekseprimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu pemberian pupuk KW21 sebnyak 1 ml/L sebagai kontrol, 0 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 45 mg/L dan 60 mg/L yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Pengamatan kepadatan dilakukan selama 24 jam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kepadatan populasi sel Nannochlorpsis sp. , pertumbuhan relatif, waktu penggandaan diri dan pertumbuhan spesifik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, bahwa kepadatan tertinggi populasi sel Nannochlorpsis sp. didapatkan pada konsentrasi pupuk urea 45 mg/L dengan kepadatan populasi sel sebesar 2,2625 juta sel/mL yang dicapai pada jam ke-24 setelah fase adaptasi. Dan pertumbuhan relatif tertinggi 50,83 % dari kepadatan populasi awal, serta waktu penggandaan diri tersingkat yaitu 40,8 jam dengan pertumbuhan spesifik 0,8625 % per jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dianjurkan pada budidaya Nannochloropsis sp. untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan populasi sel adalah pupuk urea dengan konsentrasi 45 mg/L. Kata kunci : pakan alami, budidaya, kepadatan, waktu penggandaan, pembenihan. ABSTRA C K Nannochloropsis sp. is a microalgae that is cultivated as natural food and has an important role in the effort of hatching fish, shrimp, crabs and other marine biota. This study aims to determine the effect of urea concentration on the growth of Nannochloropsis sp cell population and the best concentration of fertilizers for the growth of Nannochloropsis sp. Cell populations. The method used in this study is the experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 6 treatments namely giving KW21 fertilizer as much as 1 ml / L as a control, 0 mg / L, 15 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 45 mg / L and 60 mg / L were repeated 4 times. Observation of density is carried out for 24 hours. The parameters observed included population density of Nannochlorpsis sp. Cells, relative growth, self doubling time and specific growth. The results showed that the highest density of cell populations was Nannochlorpsis sp. obtained at the concentration of urea fertilizer 45 mg / L with a cell population density of 2.2625 million cells / mL which was reached at 24 hours after the adaptation phase. And the highest relative growth was 50.83% from the initial population density, and the shortest self doubling time was 40.8 hours with a specific growth of 0.8625% per hour. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to cultivate Nannochloropsis sp. to increase the growth of cell populations is urea with a concentration of 45 mg / L. Keywords: natural feed, cultivation, density, doubling time, seeding.
Chemical attributes and microbial activity of soil cultivated with cassava under different cover crops

ABSTRACT Conservationist systems of crop management increases the amount of substrate, alters fertility and increases soil biological activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil management systems on the chemical attributes and microbial activity of soil under cassava crop. The experiment was set as completely randomized design in a factorial scheme of 2 x 3 x 2, being two systems of cultivation (minimum with only mown; minimum with mown and incorporation), three types of soil coverage (fallow; Crotalaria juncea L.; Canavalia ensiformis L.) and two soil depths (0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m), with four repetitions. The production of dry mass from cover crops, the soil chemical attributes and the soil microbial activity were evaluated. There were no differences between management systems, and the C. juncea cover crop presented superior dry mass production among the soil coverages. The concentrations of soil Ca and K were greater in the fallow coverage and C. juncea areas in the 0-0.10 m soil layer; however, these nutrients differ in the soil layer below (0.10-0.20 m). There were no differences for the basal respiration of soil microorganisms in both soil depths or among soil coverage, but the carbon from microbial biomass was superior in the most superficial soil layer where more substrate is available to soil microorganisms.