Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Miscible displacement flows in near-horizontal ducts at low Atwood number

Abstract We study buoyant displacement flows with two miscible fluids of equal viscosity in the regime of low Atwood number and in ducts that are inclined close to horizontal. Using a combination of experimental, computational and analytical methods, we characterize the transitions in the flow regimes between inertial- and viscous-dominated regimes, and as the displacement flow rate is gradually increased. Three dimensionless groups largely describe these flows: densimetric Froude number $\mathit{Fr}$, Reynolds number $\mathit{Re}$ and duct inclination $\ensuremath{\beta} $. Our results show that the flow regimes collapse into regions in a two-dimensional $(\mathit{Fr}, \mathit{Re}\cos \ensuremath{\beta} / \mathit{Fr})$ plane. These regions are qualitatively similar between pipes and plane channels, although viscous effects are more extensive in pipes. In each regime, we are able to give a leading-order estimate for the velocity of the leading displacement front, which is effectively a measure of displacement efficiency.
Career Abandonment Intentions among Software Workers

Within the software development industry, human resources have been recognized as one of the most decisive and scarce resources. Today, the retention of skilled IT (information technology) personnel is a major issue for employers and recruiters as well, since IT career abandonment is a common practice and means not only the loss of personnel, knowledge, and skills, but also the loss of business opportunities. This article seeks to discover the main motivations young practitioners abandon the software career. To achieve this objective, two studies were conducted. The first study was qualitative (performed through semistructured interviews) and intended to discover the main variables affecting software career abandonment. The second study was quantitative, consisting of a Web‐based survey developed from the output of the first study and administered to a sample of 148 IT practitioners. Results show that work‐related, psychological, and emotional variable are the most relevant group of variables explaining IT career abandonment. More specifically, the three most important variables that motivate employees to abandon the career are effort–reward imbalance, perceived workload, and emotional exhaustion. In contrast, variables such as politics and infighting, uncool work, and insufficient resources influence to a lesser extent the decision to leave the career. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Des grains cométaires en laboratoire : premiers résultats de la mission Stardust

Ma these porte sur l'analyse par SXRM (Synchrotron X-Ray Microscopy) et spectroscopie µ-FTIR (micro Fourier Transformed InfraRed) des echantillons de la comete Wild 2 collectes par la mission Stardust. Les analyses SXRM ont permis de determiner la composition elementaire des grains de Wild 2, tout en etudiant leur ralentissement dans l'aerogel. Une etude XANES (X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure) au seuil du fer d'analogues des echantillons Stardust a permis de valider la methode de collecte des grains en se basant sur l'etat d'oxydation du fer. Malgre l'elevation de temperature subie par la particule lors de son entree dans l'aerogel, les informations concernant la particule incidente, en particulier concernant sa mineralogie, sont preservees dans la particule finale. Des cartographies de µ-fluorescence X ont permis de determiner la composition elementaire des grains de Wild 2. Les abondances elementaires, normalisees au fer, sont chondritiques pour Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ge, et Se. Un enrichissement en Cu, Zn et Ga est en revanche observe et indiquerait qu'au moins une partie de la matiere refractaire de Wild 2 s'est formee tardivement, a partir d'un gaz appauvri en les elements les plus refractaires. Le soufre semble quant a lui sous-abondant, ce qui signe sans doute un processus de condensation incomplet, stoppe avant que la totalite du soufre ait pu se condenser. L'analyse par µ-FTIR, completee par de la spectroscopie Raman, de grains extraits de l'aerogel montre que la matiere organique de Wild 2 est dominee par la presence d'ilots de carbone aromatique relies entre eux par des ponts aliphatiques. L'etude de la bande a 3.4 µm montre que les chaines aliphatiques sont plus longues (ou moins ramifiees) que dans les IDPs et les grains du milieu interstellaire (MIS). La comparaison avec les observations du MIS diffus montre que la matiere organique de Wild 2 n'est clairement pas interstellaire et semble plus simple que celle contenue dans les grains du MIS.
Determinants influencing the performance of Fair trade coffee farmers in Tanzania

Abstract This study aimed to identify the major determinants of performance among Fair trade certified small-scale coffee growers in the Kagera region, northwest Tanzania. The analysis is based on survey data collected through field interviews with a sample of Tanzanian Fair trade certified farmers during the period March-April 2017. The standard regression model was used to find what affects annual revenue and productivity. The estimation results suggest that experience within farming and coffee plot size have a positive effect on annual coffee revenue. Likewise the farmers perceived importance of NGOs is estimated to have a positive impact on revenue. Perceived access to financial support however showed to have a negative impact on revenue. Further, experience within the farming business showed to have a negative impact on coffee productivity. Perceived access to financial support and extension service also showed to negatively affect productivity. The estimated result for determinants of productivity likely suffers from simultaneous bias and should be interpreted with caution.
Effect of neem extracts on activity and mortality of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita

Three chemicals obtained from neem, viz. azadirachtin, nimbin and salannin reduced the mobility of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita and caused 17.5, 16.8 and 18 per cent mortality, respectively after 48 h. They also decreased penetration of the roots of mungbean seedlings to 9, 9.8 and 0.8 per cent respectively compared to 22.8 and 22 in untreated and treated after 7 days. Salannin at 1000ppm was the most effective causing 76 and 86 per cent immobility; 9 and 18% mortality at 24 and 48 h exposure, respectively and significantly reduced the number of juveniles that penetrated mungbean seedlings ( < 1 J 2 / plant). Azadirachtin and nimbin resulted in more than 50 per cent immobility at 48 h of exposure.
PROPERTIES OF SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES IN THE CANDELS GOODS–SOUTH FIELD

We derive physical properties of 10 submillimeter galaxies located in the CANDELS coverage of the GOODS-S field. The galaxies were first identified as submillimeter sources with the LABOCA bolometer and subsequently targeted for 870 μm continuum observation with ALMA. The high angular resolution of the ALMA imaging allows secure counterparts to be identified in the CANDELS multiband data set. The CANDELS data provide deep photometric data from UV through near-infrared wavelengths. Using synthetic spectral energy distributions, we derive photometric redshifts, stellar masses, extinction, ages, and the star formation history. The redshift range is z = 1.65–4.76, with two of the galaxies located at z > 4. Two submillimeter galaxy (SMG) counterparts have stellar masses 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than the rest. The remaining SMG counterparts have stellar masses around 1 × 1011 M☉. The stellar population in the SMGs is typically older than the expected duration of the submillimeter phase, suggesting that the star formation history of SMGs is more complex than a single burst. Non-parametric morphology indices suggest that the SMG counterparts are among the most asymmetric systems compared with galaxies of the same stellar mass and redshift. The Hubble Space Telescope images show that three of the SMGs are associated with ongoing mergers. The remaining counterparts are isolated. Estimating the dust and molecular gas mass from the submillimeter fluxes, and comparing with our stellar masses shows that the gas mass fraction of SMGs is ∼28% and that the final stellar mass is likely to be ∼(1–2) × 1011 M☉.
A Sounding-Derived Climatology of Significant Tornado Events in the Greenville-Spartanburg, South Carolina County Warning Area (1948-2006)

Numerous climatological studies of soundings and sounding-derived parameters associated with supercells and significant tornadoes (ST), defined as those rated F2 to F5 on the Fujita Scale, exist in the meteorological literature (e.g., Rasmussen and Blanchard 1998; Rasmussen 2003; Thompson et al. 2003). However, most of these studies have focused on events occurring in the central portion of the United States. The results of these studies generally agree that supercell thunderstorms and tornadoes typically require moderate to large levels of instability and high values of wind shear. However, experienced forecasters in the eastern United States can attest to the fact that this combination is extremely rare. This implies that supercells, and especially ST are extremely rare in comparison with the Great Plains and the lower Mississippi Valley.
Energy Efficient Deployment of a Service Function Chain for Sustainable Cloud Applications

With the increasing popularity of the Internet, user requests for cloud applications have dramatically increased. The traditional model of relying on dedicated hardware to implement cloud applications has not kept pace with the rapid growth in demand. Network function virtualization (NFV) architecture emerged at a historic moment. By moving the implementation of functions to software, a separation of functions and hardware was achieved. Therefore, when user demand increases, cloud application providers only need to update the software; the underlying hardware does not change, which can improve network scalability. Although NFV solves the problem of network expansion, deploying service function chains into the underlying network to optimize indicators remains an important research problem that requires consideration of delay, reliability, and power consumption. In this paper, we consider the optimization of power consumption with the premise of guaranteeing a certain virtual function link yield. We propose an efficient algorithm that is based on first-fit and greedy algorithms to solve the problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm substantially improves the path-finding efficiency, achieves a higher request acceptance ratio and reduces power consumption while provisioning the cloud applications. Compared with the baseline algorithm, the service function chain (SFC) acceptance ratio of our proposed algorithms improves by a maximum of approximately 15%, our proposed algorithm reduces the power consumption by a maximum of approximately 15%, the average link load ratio of our proposed algorithm reduces by a maximum of approximately 20%, and the average mapped path length of our proposed algorithm reduces by a maximum of approximately 1.5 hops.
Application of RNA-DNA Duplex Base Triplets to Antisense Drugs

Sixty-four sets of three-dimensional models of RNA-DNA duplex base triplets were constructed based on codons by homology modeling method using software InsightII on Indigo workstation, which should be helpful for the study of RNA-DNA annealing, the basis of nucleic acids interactions and some peculiar motifs for design antisense oligonucleotides. Our research result reveal that the energies (such as E, Ec, Eb, Et and Enr) of DNA/asRNA hybrids are lower than those of RNA/asDNA hybrids while the energies (such as En and End) of DNA/asRNA hybrids are higher than those of RNA/asDNA hybrids for most binary complex and ternary complex, especially E, Ec, Eb and En in evidence. And the total energy of GGG/CCC hybrid is the lowest of all the hybrids, the more G/C base pairs, the lower of energy of the triplet hybrid and (G/C)3<U(G/C)2<A(G/C)2 <U2(G/C)<AU(G/C)<A2(G/C) in turn; the U-including hybrid system stability, the more of number of uracil (U), the lower of energy of the triplet hybrid; the energy of GU-including hybrid is lower than that of CU-including hybrid no matter for binary complex or ternary complex. G/A/U bases often deviate from base pair planes, which can form hydrogen bonds with neighboring base pairs and affects the stabilities of triplets. Moreover, some peculiar oligodeoxynucleotide sequence motifs that could be derived from corresponding triplet hybrids are divided into two groups: four-member motif and five - member motif, where the former comprises eight motifs, namely 5’-TCTT-3’,5’-TGCT-3’,5’-CCTT-3’,5’-CCAT-3’, 5’-CATC-3’, 5’-ATCT-3’, 5’-GCTG-3’ and 5’-GTCT-3’; and the later consists of four motifs, viz 5’-TGCTG-3’, 5’-GTCTT-3’, 5’-CCATC-3’ and 5’-CATCT-3’, which are positively correlated with antisense activities and play an important role in designing antisense drugs.
Effect of variations in prey abundance on growth and development of crab larvae reared in the laboratory and in large field-deployed enclosures

We reared larvae of the Atlantic mud crab Panopeus herbstii (Milne-Edwards) in small laboratory bowls and in large field-deployed enclosures with varying prey abundances. Laboratory experiments used brine shrimp nauplu (Artemia sp.) as prey, with abundances ranging from 500 to 10 000 1 ' . Enclosure experiments used wild zooplankton as prey at natural abundances ranging from 10 to 500 zooplankters 1 ' Results of laboratory experiments showed a strong response to low prey abundance. Dry-weight growth, survival, and development rates of larvae reared at low prey abundances all decreased significantly. Increases in prey abundances above standard culture conditions (5000 Artemia 1 ' ) had little effect. Results of enclosure experiments showed no response to variations m prey abundance or larval density. No significant differences were found in dry-weight growth, survival, or development rates. The results indicate that larvae can develop successfully at prey densities previously thought incapable of supporting growth. The data also corroborate earlier work suggesting that growth and development are separate processes which can be decoupled.
AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND EXTRACTION ALGORITHM OF INTER-GRANULAR BRIGHT POINTS

Inter-granular Bright Points (igBPs) are small-scale objects in the Solar photosphere which can be seen within dark inter-granular lanes. We present a new algorithm to automatically detect and extract igBPs. Laplacian and Morphological Dilation (LMD) technique is employed by the algorithm. It involves three basic processing steps: (1) obtaining candidate “seed” regions by Laplacian; (2) determining the boundary and size of igBPs by morphological dilation; (3) discarding brighter granules by a probability criterion. For validating our algorithm, we used the observed samples of the Dutch Open Telescope (DOT), collected on April 12, 2007. They contain 180 high-resolution images, and each has a 85 × 68 arcsec² field of view (FOV). Two important results are obtained: first, the identified rate of igBPs reaches 95% and is higher than previous results; second, the diameter distribution is 220 ± 25 km, which is fully consistent with previously published data. We conclude that the presented algorithm can detect and extract igBPs automatically and effectively.
Relationship of Thyroid Hormones with Serum Fasting Insulin and Insulin Resistance in Euthyroid Glycemic Anomalies

A total of 277 euthyroid subjects, diagnosed as normal glucose tolerant, impaired glucose tolerant, and type 2 diabetic Pakistani subjects were sampled and analyzed for metabolites and data was worked out to investigate the relationship of thyroid hormones and insulin resistance in the glycemic anomalies. Oral glucose tolerant test (OGTT) was employed to confirm the glycemic status. The subjects were categorized using Diabetes Expert Committee criteria (2003). Thyrotropin (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxin (TT4) and insulin were assessed by enzyme linked immunoassays (ELISA). Fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c were measured by glucose oxidase and low pressure cat ion exchange chromatography. Homeostasis model of assessment (HOMA-IR) was employed to assess the level of insulin resistance. Anthropometric measurement and habits were recorded. Younger glucose intolerant subjects were highly hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant as compared to the diabetic group (p<0.05). Serum concentration of TT3 was significantly low in IGT and diabetic group as compared to NGT (p<0.05). Serum concentration of TSH was significantly higher in IGT and diabetic group. A significant inverse correlation of fasting serum insulin and insulin resistance with T3 prevailed in the nomal glucose tolerant subjects (r= -0.45., r=-.345 p<0.05). In multiple regression analysis when insulin was a dependent variable TT4 and TSH were significant predictors of insulin secretions in IGT and diabetic groups respectively p<0.05. The homeostatitic relationship of insulin and T3 has been lost with the parallel development of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in glycemic anomalies. The ratio of insulin and T3 is important in glucose homeostasis.
Complete set of commuting symmetry operators for the Klein-Gordon equation in generalized higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetimes

We consider the Klein-Gordon equation in generalized higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetime without imposing any restrictions on the functional parameters characterizing the metric. We establish commutativity of the second-order operators constructed from the Killing tensors found in [J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2007) 004] and show that these operators, along with the first-order operators originating from the Killing vectors, form a complete set of commuting symmetry operators (i.e., integrals of motion) for the Klein-Gordon equation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the separated solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation obtained in [J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2007) 005] are joint eigenfunctions for all of these operators. We also present an explicit form of the zero mode for the Klein-Gordon equation with zero mass. In the semiclassical approximation we find that the separated solutions of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for geodesic motion are also solutions for a set of Hamilton-Jacobi-type equations which correspond to the quadratic conserved quantities arising from the above Killing tensors.
Succession in Agriculture: A Probit and a Competing Risk Analysis

The present study examines family and farm characteristics affecting the choice and the timing of intergenerational farm transfers. Using survey data which are linked to accounting data for 272 farms in Northern Germany, we use a probit approach to examine whether specific farm and family characteristics are related to the likelihood of succession within a given period. We go beyond the existing literature by applying a competing risk approach to study the process and thus the timing, respectively of the two competing events – succession or exit from farming. We find that farm characteristics significantly influence succession considerations to the extent that they affect the value of the farm for the potential successor.
Thermal Properties and Phase Behavior of Water - n-pentane and Water -n-hexane Systems

The pvTx properties of H2O-n-C5H12 and H2O-n-C6H14 mixture have been measured in the temperature interval 303-680 K and pressure up to 60 MPa. Measurements were made along 265 liquid and vapor isochors in the density range 63-713 kg/m3. Measurements were made for 15 concentrations between 0.110 and 0.987 mole fraction of H2O for mixtures with C5H12 and 11 concentrations between 0.166 and 0.977 for mixtures with C6H14. The temperatures and pressures at the three-phase and two-phase boundary curves for the mixtures were obtained using the isochoric (p-T) break point technique. The critical properties data of the upper and lower branches of the critical curves were extracted from the derived phase boundary data. The measured three-phase data were used to estimate the value of the upper critical end point.
Involvement, knowledge sharing and proactive improvement as antecedents of logistics outsourcing performance

The purpose of this article is to present the research results of a study on the impact of the drivers of logistics outsourcing performance: involvement, knowledge sharing, and innovation. The sample was derived from companies in the Slovenian market who choose to outsource their logistics services to logistics service providers. The article also attempts to contribute to the theoretical and methodological findings and managerial implications in logistics outsourcing discussions. On the basis of the existing literature and some new arguments derived from in-depth interviews with logistics experts, the measurement and structural models were empirically analysed on a sample of manufacturing and retail companies involved in an ongoing relationship with a logistics service provider. Measurement scales for the constructs, their development, refinement and measurement for validity and reliability were performed. Multivariate statistical methods (EFA, CFA and SEM – Partial Least Squares) were utilised. Five hypotheses were tested and confirmed. The logistics outsourcing performance (the goal achievement and the goal exceedance) is well explained by involvement, knowledge sharing, and innovation.
Bioinvasion of Tradescantia zebrina Heynh. (Commelinaceae) in uplands, State of Paraiba, Brazil

The study of invader species and their consequences to the environment represents an important reinforcement to the knowledge of environmental preservation. This work aimed to evaluate the invasive aspects of Tradescantia zebrina Heynh. , subsidizing information to their adequate management or control. The study area is compound by a Open Ombrophylous Forest in the Municipality of Areia, Paraiba State, Brazil. The evaluated variables were populational density, biomass, biometry, invasion velocity and impacts of species under resilience of native vegetation. The results found density of 627 ± 16 individuals/m 2 , (mean ± standard deviation), 25.9 ± 68 cm length and 0.21 ± 0.03 cm de diameter with positive relationship between both variables (r = 0.24; t = 2.4; p = 0.02) and biomass of 16.9 g (leaves), 10.6 g (stems) and 1.3 g (roots) for each 100 sampled individuals, being that in each m 2 , reached to have 18.8 ± 5,1 g leaf biomass, 22.4 ± 7.6 g stem biomass and 3.4 ± 1.3 g root biomass. The population showed a rapid expansion occupying 0.30 ± 0.09 m 2 after seven days and 0.51 ± 0.15 m 2 in eighty four days. Parcels without the invader species (SE) showed expansive accumulation of individuals throughout the evaluation time, while in the parcels with the species (CE) the number of individuals exhibit few changes (p = 0.021 and H = 5.327). The results exhibit the biological invasion in the UFPB Campus II by T. zebrina, represents a threat to the local biodiversity due to its aggressive invasive behavior.