Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms Contributing to Suicidal Ideation : The Relationships Between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms , Gender , and Emotion Dysregulation

This study examined the relationships between gender, borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms, emotion dysregulation, and suicidal ideation. Emotion dysregulation was examined as a potential mediator in the relationship between BPD symptoms and suicidal ideation. The moderating role of gender in these relationships was also explored. Participants were a community sample of 101 adults experiencing BPD symptomatology. Assessments were completed at baseline, 6-months, and 12-months, and included diagnostic interviews as well as questionnaires on symptomatology and suicidality. Emotion dysregulation did not mediate the BPD symptom-suicidal ideation relationship when examining the full sample. The nonacceptance of emotional responses and lack of emotional clarity dimensions of emotion dysregulation emerged as significant mediators among females only. Impulsiveness was a significant mediator among males only. The results of this study provide insight into gender differences in mechanisms contributing to suicidal ideation among individuals with BPD symptoms and highlights potential gender-specific treatment targets.
Herbal treatment for snakebites in Uttarakhand state of India

Plants used in the treatment of snakebites were surveyed in the Uttarakhand state of India, using a questionnaire. The herbal practitioners were interviewed and information on snakebite treatments, using medicinal plants were collected from the traditional healers, locally called as vish vaidyas. The study documents 56 medicinal plant species, of which most of the species (93 %) are used for the treatment of snakebites and some species are used to cure dog and scorpion bite, traditionally. The use of herbs was highest, followed by trees and shrubs for this purpose. Before treatment the vish vaidya makes sure the identity of poisonous or non-poisonous type of snakebites on the basis of claims made by the patient over the taste of plants given. The taste of plant (mainly neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) if claimed other than its normal taste by the patient then it is considered the bite of venomous snake. Thorough clinical testing of plants as used by vish vaidyas may help to standardize the efficacy of herbal drugs in curing venomous snake bites, which result into loss of thousands of human life in India.
Multi-Block High-Order DNS Code Development for Jet in Turbulent Cross-Flow Simulation

A multi-block high-order finite-difference direct numerical simulation (DNS) code has been developed for studying turbulent flows over complex geometries. A global mapping technique is adopted and applied to a multiblock domain arrangement, in which each block is consisted of a structured mesh and the adjacent blocks are overlapped and matched with each other along the common interfaces. The physical bounds of interfaces are determined through a pre-processing, and a pre-compiler is developed to reduce the computational cost of expensive Jacobian calculations. The multiblock DNS code has been validated for benchmark test cases, including a free-stream preservation on three-dimensional wavy grids and a pulse signal traveling through an interface with different grid density. The parallel efficiency has been evaluated on various HPC platforms with very good scalability achieved up to 1000+ processors. Further code application has been carried out for a square jet flow interacting with a fully developed turbulent cross-flow. The conditions are the Reynolds number Re∞ = 1000, based on the free-stream quantities and the jet exit width, and a jet to a cross-flow velocity ratio of R = 0.5, 1.5, respectively. A counter-rotating vortex pair has been captured downstream of the jet exit and it was also found that the streamwise and the spanwise mean velocity profiles are in reasonable good agreements with available experimental measurements at Re∞ = 4700. However, some discrepancies are observed in other flow statistics such as the normal mean velocity and the kinetic energy distributions, and they are probably due to the low Reynolds number effect of the simulation.
Tackling Different Velocity Borne Challenges of the Elastodynamic Marchenko Method

The elastodynamic Marchenko method removes overburden interactions obscuring the target information. This method either relies on separability of the so-called focusing and Green's functions or requires an accurate initial estimate of the focusing and Green's function overlap. Hitherto, F1- and G-+ have been assumed separable, whereas F1+ and (G-)* share an unavoidable overlap, which has been considered understood but hard to predict without knowing the model. However, velocity differences between P- and S-waves cause so far unexplored fundamental challenges for elastodynamic Marchenko autofocusing. These challenges are analysed for horizontally-layered media. First, the F1-/G-+ separability assumption can be violated depending on the medium, the redatuming depth and the angle of incidence. Second, the initial estimate of the said unavoidable overlap can be even more complicated than originally thought, including some of the internal multiples. We propose a strategy where we trade-off this sophisticated initial estimate with a trivial one at the cost of a more restrictive F1-/G-+ separability assumption, or at the cost of introducing an overlap between F1- and G-+ instead. The proposed method finds the desired solutions convolved by an unknown matrix which we can hope to remove by exploiting energy conservation and minimum-phase properties of the focusing functions.
Supervised and unsupervised learning in radial basis function classifiers

The paper considers a number of strategies for training radial basis function (RBF) classifiers. A benchmark problem is constructed using ten-dimensional input patterns which have to be classified into one of three classes. The RBF networks are trained using a two-phase approach (unsupervised clustering for the first layer followed by supervised learning for the second layer), error backpropagation (supervised learning for both layers) and a hybrid approach. It is shown that RBF classifiers trained with error backpropagation give results almost identical to those obtained with a multilayer perceptron. Although networks trained with the two-phase approach give slightly worse classification results, it is argued that the hidden-layer representation of such networks is much more powerful, especially if it is encoded in the form of a Gaussian mixture model. During training, the number of subclusters present within the training database can be estimated: during testing, the activities in the hidden layer of the classification network can be used to assess the novelty of input patterns and thereby help to validate network outputs.
Creating Faultable Network Models of Complex Engineered Systems

This paper presents a new methodology for modeling complex engineered systems using complex networks for failure analysis. Many existing network-based modeling approaches for complex engineered systems “abstract away” the functional details to focus on the topological configuration of the system and thus do not provide adequate insight into system behavior. To model failures more adequately, we present two types of network representations of a complex engineered system: a uni-partite architectural network and a weighted bi-partite behavioral network. Whereas the architectural network describes physical inter-connectivity, the behavioral network represents the interaction between functions and variables in mathematical models of the system and its constituent components. The levels of abstraction for nodes in both network types affords the evaluation of failures involving morphology or behavior, respectively. The approach is shown with respect to a drivetrain model. Architectural and behavioral networks are compared with respect to the types of faults that can be described. We conclude with considerations that should be employed when modeling complex engineered systems as networks for the purpose of failure analysis.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Corporate Governance , Cost of Capital and Performance : Evidence from Australian Firms

Using a sample of large Australian firms from 1994 to 2003, we show that variation in firm-level corporate governance mechanisms plays an important role in explaining a firm’s cost of capital. Our empirical results show that greater insider ownership, the presence of institutional blockholders and smaller and independent boards all serve to reduce the perceived risk of a firm, thereby leading investors to demand lower rates of return on capital provided. This highlights the important role that corporate governance plays in creating value for shareholders by reducing the cost of external financing. Given the inconclusiveness of existing literature that uses Q to measure firm value, this research provides an alternative and potentially more suitable way to investigate the impact of corporate governance on firm value.
A Pel-Recursive Wiener-Based Displacement Estimation Algorithm For Interframe Image Coding Applications

In this paper a pel-recursive Wiener-based displacement estimation algorithm is introduced for interframe image coding applications. This algorithm is based on the assumption that both the so-called update and the linearization error are samples of stochastic processes. It provides a linear least-squares estimate and has proven to be very successful to compensate motion in some typical video conferencing scenes. A comparison of the Wiener-based algorithm with some other well-known pel-recursive techniques shows the favourable behavior of the Wiener algorithm with respect to robustness, stability and convergence.
Systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in melanoma patients

Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a rapidly developing new imaging technique in the diagnosis and staging of melanoma. The objective of the current study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FDG‐PET in patients with melanoma.
Adequacy Conditions for Reporting Uncertainty in Chemical Risk Assessments

ABSTRACT Uncertainty may influence decision-making. A prerequisite for a decision to be well founded is thus that scientific experts inform decision-makers about all decision relevant uncertainty. A set of conditions is provided for adequate characterization of scientific uncertainty for the purposes of regulatory decision-making. These conditions require specification of (1) the character and degree of uncertainty about the assessment variables, (2) the possibility of reducing the uncertainty, and (3) the degree of agreement among experts. Furthermore, it is required that (4) the information covered by the previous conditions is presented in a clear and comprehensible way. The point of departure is that characterizing scientific uncertainty conceptually means specifying all potentially important possibilities that are consistent with the state of scientific knowledge. The conditions are intended to be applied to human health risk assessment of chemicals. However, the basic approach, to consider potentially important possibilities, should be useful also to environmental, and site-specific risk assessment.
Special Focus Session MR Arthrography 1

Direct magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography with injection of saline solution or diluted gadolinium can be useful for evaluating certain pathologic conditions in the joints. It is most helpful for outlining labral-ligamentous abnormalities in the shoulder and distinguishing partial-thickness from full-thickness tears in the rotator cuff, demonstrating labral tears in the hip, showing partialand full-thickness tears of the collateral ligament of the elbow and delineating bands in the elbow, identifying residual or recurrent tears in the knee following meniscectomy, increasing the certainty of perforations of the ligaments and triangular fibrocartilage in the wrist, correctly identifying ligament tears in the ankle and increasing the sensitivity for ankle impingement syndromes, assessing the stability of osteochondral lesions in the articular surface of joints, and delineating loose bodies in joints. Indirect MR arthrography with intravenous administration of diluted gadolinium may be performed when direct arthrography is inconvenient or not logistically feasible. Although indirect MR arthrography has some disadvantages vis-à-vis direct MR arthrography, it does not require fluoroscopic guidance or joint injection and it is superior to conventional MR imaging in delineating structures when there is minimal joint fluid. In addition, vascularized or inflamed tissue will enhance with this method. Indirect MR arthrography can be used to rule in or diagnose abnormalities and to exclude abnormalities. RSNA, 2002
CMOS charge-transfer preamplifier for offset-fluctuation cancellation in low-power A/D converters

We have developed a low-power, high-accuracy comparator composed of a dynamic latch and a CMOS charge transfer preamplifier (CT preamplifier). The CT preamplifier amplifies the input signal with no static power dissipation, and the operation is almost insensitive to the device parameter fluctuations. The low-power and high-accuracy comparator has been realized by combining the CT preamplifier with a dynamic latch circuit. The fluctuation in the offset voltage of a dynamic latch is reduced by a factor of the preamplifier gain. A 4-bit flash A/D converter circuit has been designed and fabricated by 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS process. Low differential nonlinearity of less than /spl plusmn/4 mV has been verified by the measurements on test circuits, showing 8-bit resolution capability. Very low power operation at 4.3 /spl mu/W per MS/s per comparator has also been achieved.
USER-GENERATED CONTENT IN NEWS MEDIA JOB MARKET

In this study, we investigate a newspaper‟s decision to expand its product line by adding an online edition that incorporates user-generated content, and the impact of this decision on its slanting of news. We demonstrate that adding an online edition results in reduced profits for competing newspapers in comparison to an environment in which they offer only print editions. However, at the equilibrium, each newspaper offers the online version in order to avoid losing market share to rivals. The results also show the mitigating effect of such a product line extension on the extent of bias in print media.
The role of the translator/interpreter in knowledge transfer environments

This paper reports on the results of a larger research project that investigated the factors impacting on inter-organisational transfer in the New Zealand State Sector. Seven gatekeepers (boundary-spanning individuals) from different organisations were interviewed about their experiences in facilitating knowledge transfer between a cross-sector working group and their organisation. The context for the research was the Pathfinder Project, a project based around the development and transfer of an emergent knowledge model for strategic management, Managing for Outcomes (MfO). A range of factors that facilitated knowledge transfer were identified. Among these, translation and interpretation activities were found to be critical to successful knowledge transfer. Gatekeepers reported acting as translator/interpreter, an essential role which demanded specialised skills. The nature of this role is outlined, with reference to a staged model for knowledge transfer that emerged from the research project. The translator/interpreter role required gatekeepers to engage in active and continuous conversion of knowledge to meet the differing needs of a range of recipients. This helped to increase the overall absorptive capacity of participating organisations. Implications of these findings for research and practice are outlined. © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trading volume and the short and long-run components of volatility

This paper investigates the Information content of daily trading volume with respect to the long-run or high persistent and the short-run or transitory components of the volatility of daily stock market returns using bivariate mixture models. For this purpose, the Standard bivariate mixture model of Tauchen and Pitts (1983) in which volatility and volume are directed by one latent process of Inf ormation arrivals is generalized to the extent that two types of i nformation processes each endowed with their own dynamic behavior are allowed to direct volatility and volume. Since the latent information processes are assumed to be autocorrelated which makes Standard estimation methods infeasible, a simulated maximum Iikelihood approach is applied to estimate the mixture models. The results based on German stock market data reveal that volume mainly provides information about the transitory component of vola tility, and contains only little information about the high persistent volatility component.
The future of document delivery for developing countries: a view from West Africa

Discusses interlending and document supply between libraries in developing countries by highlighting some of the barriers militating against effective interlibrary lending. Examines the future of document delivery in these countries in the light of these problems. Various measures need to be taken in order to improve the situation. These include the proper development of national bibliographies and union catalogues; proper record keeping of document delivery transactions; an increase in the use of information technology in libraries; and a change of attitude by librarians and governments in these countries towards document delivery.
Promoting distance education in higher education in Cape Verde and Mozambique

Over the past six years, the authors have been project leaders for three distance education initiatives in Cape Verde and Mozambique: • a blended learning master’s degree in multimedia in education for faculty in Cape Verdean public higher education institutions (2005–2008) • a teacher training programme for 1375 elementary teachers provided through distance education in Cape Verde (2006–2008) • a blended-learning multimedia in education doctoral programme for staff, at the Centre for Distance Education, University Eduardo Mondlane, Mozambique (2008–11). This article describes the background to these projects, solutions adopted to meet the specific needs, capabilities, and constraints of the participants and institutions, and difficulties encountered. The project leaders reflect upon their experiences and the main lessons learned, while drawing conclusions that may be relevant to other higher education institutions in Africa and other developing countries embarking on planning and implementing distance education programmes and support units.
Frequency of sleep disorders in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of common sleep problems among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their relationship with the disease activity and quality of life. Patients and methods: The study sample consisted of 101 patients who attended a rheumatology clinic at a university hospital between October 2015 and May 2016. All subjects were clinically examined and interviewed by physicians using a questionnaire. The collected information included sociodemographic characteristics, the patients’ medical histories, the Disease Activity Score (DAS28), the Berlin questionnaire to assess the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), the Athens Insomnia Scale to assess insomnia, the International RLS Study Group score to diagnose restless legs syndrome (RLS), and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) to assess the quality of life. Results: The mean age of the participants was 48.7±14.6 years, and 95% of the participants were females. Approximately 60% of the participants were in the remission/low category of disease activity, and the average DAS28 score was 3.3±0.8 years. The prevalence rates of insomnia, EDS, sleep disturbance, risk of OSA, and RLS were 63%, 20%, 20%, 37%, and 63%, respectively. Furthermore, the distribution of sleep disorders was not affected by the disease activity. The association between the HAQ and sleep disorders among the RA patients was not significant. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are common among RA patients and may require further attention by treating clinicians; nevertheless, these disorders are not associated with disease activity and do not affect the quality of life.
Assessing information literacy programmes using information search tasks

The aim of this article is to present information search tasks as an alternative to standardized tests for the assessment of scholarly information literacy (IL). The article describes how a task taxonomy and scoring rubrics were developed as a basis for the construction of standardized search tasks. Based on this taxonomy, sample tasks were created and used in an evaluation study in which an IL instruction programme was scrutinised. In this study, the tasks were applied alongside with a standardized IL test to determine their convergent validity. The results show that IL can be assessed using information search tasks in a reliable and conceptually as well as ecologically valid way. To our knowledge, this is the first publication using information search tasks for the assessment of IL with this degree of standardisation. The task taxonomy, sample tasks, and scoring rubrics are included and can be used by practitioners to create information search tasks tailored to their needs.
IDENTIFICATION AND MODEL UPDATING OF A NON-STATIONARY VIBRATING SYSTEM

Non-stationary systems, which are commonly encountered in many fields of science, are characterized by time-varying features and require time-frequency methods for their analysis. This study considers the problem of identification and model updating of a non-stationary vibrating system. In particular, a number of identification methods and a model updating procedure are evaluated and compared through application to a time-varying “bridge-like” laboratory structure. The identification approaches include Frequency Response Function based parameter estimation techniques, Subspace Identification and Functional Series modelling. All methods are applied to both output-only and input-out-put data. Model updating is based upon a theoretical model of the structure obtained using a Rayleigh-Ritz methodology, which is updated to account for time-dependence and nonlinearity via the identification results. Interesting comparisons, among both identification and model updating results, are performed. The results of the study demonstrate high modelling accuracy, illustrating the effectiveness of model updating techniques in non-stationary vibration modelling.Copyright © 2004 by ASME