Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gravity and Rossby wave signatures in the tropical troposphere and lower stratosphere based on Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ), 1998–2007

[1] Prior investigations attempted to determine the relative influence of advection and convective processes on ozone and water vapor distributions in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) through analyses of tracers, related physical parameters (e.g., outgoing long‐wave radiation, precipitable water, and temperature), or with models. In this study, stable laminae in Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesonde Network (SHADOZ) ozone profiles from 1998 to 2007 are interpreted in terms of gravity waves (GW) or Rossby waves (RW) that are identified with vertical and quasi‐horizontal displacements, respectively. Using the method of Pierce and Grant (1998) as applied by Thompson et al. (2007a, 2007b, 2010, 2011), amplitudes and frequencies in ozone laminae are compared among representative SHADOZ sites over Africa and the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans. GW signals maximize in the TTL and lower stratosphere. Depending on site and season, GW are identified in up to 90% of the soundings. GW are most prevalent over the Pacific and eastern Indian oceans, a distribution consistent with vertically propagating equatorial Kelvin waves. Ozone laminae from RW occur more often below the tropical tropopause and with lower frequency (<20%). Gravity wave and Rossby wave indices (GWI, RWI) are formulated to facilitate analysis of interannual variability of wave signatures among sites. GWI is positively correlated with a standard ENSO (El Nino–Southern Oscillation) index over American Samoa (14°S, 171°W) and negatively correlated at Watukosek, Java (7.5°S, 114°E), Kuala Lumpur (3°N, 102°E), and Ascension Island (8°S, 15°W). Generally, the responses of GW and RW to ENSO are consistent with prior studies.
The use of antioxidants in vegetable oils – A review

The shelf life of vegetable oils in food uses and their applicability in industrial situations is greatly dependent on their oxidative stabilities. Methods of improving oxidative stability values currently available include genetic modifications, compositional changes via chemical means, as well as the inhibition of oxidation by means of substances known as antioxidants. This paper reviews the properties of vegetable oils which predispose them to auto oxidation reactions, explores the nature and mechanisms of the operation of antioxidants in brief, and finally summarizes current research efforts geared towards identifying and evaluating the effectiveness and commercial promise of less toxic new antioxidants derived as natural extracts from various plant species.
Intégration et optimisation de l'assistance a la mise en forme par vibrations

Le travail presente integre l'utilisation des vibrations mecaniques dans les procedes de mise en forme a froid des materiaux de comportement viscoplastique. Les avantages de procede de mise en forme assiste par vibrations se mesurent par une reduction de l'intensite de la force de mise en forme, une diminution de la contrainte d'ecoulement, la reduction du frottement entre l'outil et lopin, une distribution uniforme de la deformation viscoplastique et une amelioration de l'etat de surface de la piece finale. A cet effet, un modele analytique avec une seule source de vibration a ete developpe pour le procede de forgeage. Les vibrations sinusoidale et triangulaire ont ete integrees dans le modele et il se trouve que les vibrations triangulaire est plus avantageux comparer a les vibrations sinusoidal a cause du controle sur le rapport cyclique. On observe egalement que les parametres principaux qui controlent la reduction de la force de forgeage sont : le rapport de vitesse definie par l'amplitude de la vitesse de vibration et la vitesse moyenne de l'outillage et la sensibilite a la vitesse de deformation. Le modele analytique a ete valide au moyen des simulations elements finis realises avec le code de calcul FORGE2011 ® et les essais experimentaux en dispositif experimentale de pot vibrant a ete concu et les essais ont ete realise sur les machines Lloyd LR30K ou ZWICK / Roell 1200. L'etude a ensuite ete enrichi avec les plusieurs sources de vibrations. L'etude cinematique montre que les vibrations multiples generes une onde progressive. Cette nouvelle cinematique a ete integree dans un modele numerique sur le code de simulation par elements finis FORGE2011 ® pour etudier le forgeage assiste par plusieurs sources des vibrations. L'analyse de resultats montre une reduction considerable de la force de forgeage et de la contrainte de l'ecoulement ainsi qu'une modification de la loi de frottement generer par le changement de la direction du vecteur de vitesse.
The effects of physical fitness and feeling vigorous on self-rated health.

OBJECTIVE We prospectively studied the hypothesized beneficial effects of feeling vigorous and of objective physical fitness (gauged based on functional capacity) on subsequently assessed self-rated health (SRH), controlling for possible confounders known to be precursors of SRH and of our predictors. We also investigated the reverse-causation hypothesis that SRH predicts subsequent vigor and functional capacity. DESIGN Participants were apparently healthy employees (N = 779) who underwent a routine health check at two points of time, Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2), about 18 months apart. We used regression analysis, predicting T2 SRH by T1 SRH, the control variables, and T1vigor and functional capacity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Vigor was assessed using the Shirom-Melamed Vigor Measure; objective physical fitness was indicated by functional capacity following a treadmill exercise, and self-rated health was measured by a single item. RESULTS As hypothesized, we found that the change in T2 SRH was positively predicted by T1 vigor, functional capacity, and their interactive term. Testing the reverse causation paths, we found that T1 SRH did not predict subsequent functional capacity and was a relatively weak predictor of subsequent vigor. CONCLUSION The affective state of vigor and objectively assessed functional capacity interact to predict subsequent changes in self-rated health.
Evaluation of Indirect Decompression of the Lumbar Spinal Canal Following Minimally Invasive Lateral Transpsoas Interbody Fusion: Radiographic and Outcome Analysis

Abstract Background: The surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis traditionally includes laminectomy for direct decompression of the spinal canal. Selected patients with spinal stenosis may also require lumbar fusion. Minimally invasive lateral transpsoas interbody fusion has the ability of placing a large interbody cage that can increase disc height and distract the spinal level. The purpose of this study was to examine the concept of indirect decompression of the spinal canal in patients with co-existing lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing lateral transpsoas interbody fusion. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 25 consecutive spinal stenosis patients with instability undergoing lateral transpsoas interbody fusion without laminectomy. All patients had relevant symptoms of back pain, leg pain, and/or spinal claudication and met standard criteria for lumbar fusion. Patients were evaluated by outcome analysis scales (VAS scores, Oswestry disability index and treatment intensity scale). Postoperative MRI scans, when available, were evaluated for change in canal dimensions. Statistical significance was assessed by paired t-test, which compares the mean change. Results: There were 25 patients in the study (mean age 61 years). 15 patients had grade I spondylolisthesis. VAS for back pain intensity improved from 7.74 to 2.07 and for frequency from 7.91 to 2.22. VAS for leg pain intensity improved from 7.24 to 1.87 and frequency from 7.41 to 2.35. All improvements were statistically significant (P<0.0001). The Oswestry disability index improved from 55.1 to 16.4 (P<0.0001), and treatment intensity scale improved from 14.6 to 3.7 (P<0.0001). Radiographic evaluation in 20 treated levels (15 patients) found an increase in dural sac dimension of 54% in the anterior-posterior plane and 48% in the medial-lateral plane (P<0.0001). The calculated area of the dural sac increased an average of 143% (range of − 10.4% to + 495%). Conclusion: Indirect decompression of spinal stenosis can be achieved with lateral transpsoas interbody fusion with improved clinical outcomes. Pre-op and post-op MRI scans showed a significant increase in dural sac dimensions. The mechanism for this indirect decompression may relate to stretching and unbuckling of the spinal ligaments and a decrease in intervertebral disc bulging. Further studies are needed to determine which stenosis patients undergoing this surgery are most appropriate for indirect decompression alone over laminectomy.
Noninvasive Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Ocular Pain and Photophobia

“Dry eye” or “keratoconjunctivitis sicca” is a multifactorial disease estimated to have a worldwide prevalence of 5–33%. Conventional therapies targeting the ocular surface with artificial tears, anti‐inflammatories, punctal closure, eyelid hygiene, and antibiotics do not provide relief in all patients, especially those with neuropathic‐like ocular complaints (wind hyperalgesia and photophobia). We anticipated that ocular transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) would alleviate symptoms of ocular pain, photophobia, and dryness in these latter individuals.
What are the impacts of living in social housing? New evidence from Australia

Abstract In this paper, we apply statistical matching methods to a national longitudinal dataset of Australians facing housing insecurity to estimate the impacts of social housing on employment, education, health, incarceration and homelessness. We find social housing in Australia provides an important `safety net’ protecting people from homelessness. However, at least in the short run, individuals in social housing have similar outcomes in terms of employment, education, physical and mental health, and incarceration to other comparable individuals not in social housing. These are the first estimates of causal impacts of social housing, simultaneously estimating impacts on a range of shelter and non-shelter outcomes highlighted as important by the broader social housing literature. They also provide an interesting contrast with the existing US estimates. These results are potentially due to strict targeting of individuals into social housing and that they represent the average effect across individuals who may experience substantially different impacts.
Prerequisites for Functional Interleukin 31 Signaling and Its Feedback Regulation by Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3)*

Background: Signaling by IL-31 involves OSMRβ and IL-31Rα, which is expressed in different isoforms. Results: Four of five membrane-bound isoforms activate IL-31 signaling, which is counter-regulated by SOCS3. Conclusion: IL-31 responsiveness is controlled by the expression of specific IL-31Rα isoforms and is negatively regulated by SOCS proteins. Significance: This study provides new insights into the regulation of IL-31 signaling. Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a T helper type 2 cell-derived cytokine tightly associated with inflammatory skin disorders. IL-31-induced signaling is mediated by a receptor complex composed of oncostatin M receptor β and the cytokine-specific receptor subunit IL-31Rα, of which there are several isoforms. The latter can be classified as long or short isoforms with respect to their intracellular domain. At present, the signaling capabilities of the different isoforms remain inchoately understood, and potential mechanisms involved in negative regulation of IL-31Rα signaling have so far not been studied in detail. Here, we show that both the long and short isoforms of IL-31Rα are capable of inducing STAT signaling. However, the presence of a functional JAK-binding box within IL-31Rα is an essential prerequisite for functional IL-31-mediated STAT3 signaling. Moreover, both the long and short isoforms require oncostatin M receptor β for their activity. We also show that IL-31 induces expression of four suppressor of cytokine signaling family members and provide evidence that SOCS3 acts as a potent feedback inhibitor of IL-31-induced signaling. Taken together, this study identifies crucial requirements for IL-31 signaling and shows its counter-regulation by SOCS3.
Insect glycobiology: a lectin multigene family in Drosophila melanogaster.

Glycodeterminants play an important role in mediating cellular and cell-substrate interactions during development and immune-related reactions enabling an organism to distinguish self determinants from non-self or modified-self determinants. One of the hallmarks of sugar recognition molecules (lectins) is their wide range of binding activities and their organisation in multigene families. Here we describe a group of Drosophila genes that are possible members of the C-type lectin family.
Language Barriers, Location of Care, and Delays in Follow-up of Abnormal Mammograms

Background:Breast cancer is frequently diagnosed after an abnormal mammography result. Language barriers can complicate communication of those results. Objectives:We evaluated the association of non-English language with delay in follow-up. Methods:Retrospective cohort study of women at 3 mammography facilities participating in the San Francisco Mammography Registry with an abnormal mammogram result from 1997 to 2008. We measured median time from report of abnormal result to first follow-up test. Results:Of 13,014 women with 16,109 abnormal mammograms, 4027 (31%) had a non-English patient language. Clinical facilities differed in proportion of non-English speakers and in time to first follow-up test: facility A (38%; 25 d), facility B (18%; 14 d), and facility C (51%; 41 d). Most mammography examinations (67%) had breast imaging and reporting data system 0 (incomplete) assessment, requiring radiographic follow-up. At 30 days of follow-up, 67% of all English speakers with incomplete assessments had a follow-up examination compared with 50% of all non-English speakers (P<0.0001). The facility with the least delay and the lowest proportion of non-English speakers, had the biggest difference by language; compared with English speakers and adjusting for education, non-English speakers had twice the odds ratio of >30-day delay in follow-up (odds ratio=2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.9). Conclusions:There are considerable differences among facilities in delays in diagnostic follow-up of abnormal mammography results. More attention must be paid to understanding mammography facility factors, such as wait time to schedule diagnostic mammography and radiology workload, to improve rates of timely follow-up, particularly for those facilities disproportionately serving vulnerable non-English speaking patients.
Financial risk information avoidance

Abstract Availability of information is one of the most important factors for financial decision-makers. Having complete information about the probability of losing money should always leave decision-makers better off. However, in some situations financial decision-makers prefer to know less than more. In this study we investigated the impact of selected characteristics of financial threats on individuals’ decisions to avoid risk information in an incentivised online experiment. We found that threat severity, relative risk, and effectiveness of threat prevention alone do not influence decisions to avoid risk information. However, we did find an interaction effect between the first two treatments. Furthermore, our data suggest that coping style, locus of control, and anticipated emotional response are statistically significant predictors of financial risk information avoidance.
High-concentration oxygen and surgical site infections in abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND There has been recent interest in using high-concentration oxygen to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). Previous meta-analyses in this area have produced conflicting results. With the publication of 2 new randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were not included in previous meta-analyses, an updated review is warranted. Our objective was to perform a meta-analysis on RCTs comparing high- and low- concentration oxygen in adults undergoing open abdominal surgery. METHODS We completed independent literature reviews using electronic databases, bibliographies and other sources of grey literature to identify relevant studies. We assessed the overall quality of evidence using grade guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed on pooled data from included studies. A priori subgroup analyses were planned to explain statistical and clinical heterogeneity. RESULTS Overall, 6 studies involving a total of 2585 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was no evidence of a reduction in SSIs with high-concentration oxygen (risk ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.50-1.19, p = 0.24). We observed substantial heterogeneity among studies. CONCLUSION There is moderate evidence that high-concentration oxygen does not reduce SSIs in adults undergoing open abdominal surgery.
Evaluation of lithium therapy in chronic and periodic alcoholism

The use of lithium as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of chronic alcoholic patients with depression has been investigated in a double blind study with active medication and placebo. Lithium appears to modify the patients' drinking habits significantly (p <0.01) when the readmission rate of the groups are compared. Of those patients who had to be readmitted for their drinking, the lithium group had fewer episodes as compared to the control group. Although both groups were less depressed at the end of one year, as compared to their depression ratings at the beginning of the project, there was not a significant difference between groups (analysis of covariance), ie, there was a placebo response which may have disguised a real difference. Other parameters studied included serum magnesium levels and thyroid function which showed that the clearance of iodine from the plasma by the thyroid gland was significantly increased (p <0.005)
Sign reversal of magnetoresistance in a perovskite nickelate by electron doping

We present low temperature resistivity and magnetotransport measurements conducted on pristine and electron doped ${\mathrm{SmNiO}}_{3}$ (SNO). The low temperature transport in both pristine and electron-doped SNO shows a Mott variable range hopping with a substantial decrease in localization length of carriers by one order in the case of doped samples. Undoped SNO films show a negative magnetoresistance (MR) at all temperatures characterized by spin fluctuations with the evolution of a positive cusp at low temperatures. In striking contrast, upon electron doping of the films via hydrogenation, we observe a crossover to a linear nonsaturating positive $\mathrm{MR}\ensuremath{\sim}0.2%$ at 50 K. The results signify the role of localization phenomena in tuning the magnetotransport response in doped nickelates. Ionic doping is therefore a promising approach to tune magnetotransport in correlated perovskites.
Driver Response Times when Resuming Manual Control from Highly Automated Driving in Truck Platooning Scenarios.

Automated platooning of trucks is getting increasing interest for its potentially beneficial effects on fuel consumption, driver workload, traffic flow efficiency and safety. Nevertheless, one major challenge lies in the safe and comfortable transitions of control from the automated system back to the human drivers, especially when they have been inattentive during highly automated driving. In this study, we investigated drivers’ take-over response times after a system initiated request to take back control in a non-critical scenario. 22 professional truck drivers participated in the truck driving simulator experiment and everyone was instructed to drive under three types of experimental conditions before the presentation of the take-over request: Driver monitoring (drivers were instructed to monitor the surroundings), Driver not-monitoring (drivers were provided with a tablet and were asked to use this) and Eyes-closed condition (they were not allowed to open their eyes). Driver take-over time components in terms of perception response times and movement response times were manually annotated from video recordings. Results showed significantly longer total takeover time and larger individual differences in both Driver not-monitoring and Eyes-closed conditions compared to the driver monitoring conditions. Movement time is found to be the one dominant factor, influenced by driver activities to resume physical readiness before taking over control. The large variability in take-over times between and within conditions suggests the importance of a personalized driver readiness predictor as input parameter for a safe and comfortable transition.
Deakin University Library : an active partner in the implementation of the new generation e-learning platform Desire2Learn

Deakin University has a long association with e-learning platforms, utilising the functionality of various Learning Management Systems (LMS) over a period of years. Transforming learning and teaching is a key priority of the University and moving to a new generation e-learning platform that supports engaging learning experiences through quality course design is a strategic imperative. In 2010 Deakin University selected Desire2Learn as its replacement LMS, an innovative platform that offers next generation functionality. The University is investing significant resources in 2011 to implement the new system. The Library is harnessing the opportunity to embed search and discovery and information access throughout the LMS, including presence at the highest level of navigation. A Library widget providing students with clear pathways and immediate access to key library collections, services and features is being developed by the Library in conjunction with the Faculties‟ academic champions and educational developers. Liaison Librarians are negotiating with academic staff to create context-specific pathways, to utilise Desire2Learn Web2.0 capabilities and to imbed more personalised resources and LibGuides aligned with units of study. This is happening at a time when libraries are introducing new approaches to information discovery. This paper describes Deakin University Library‟s journey in partnering with academic staff and others across the University to implement Desire2Learn as a vital new e-learning platform. It reports on many outcomes including: value created by embedding quality information in learner-centred course delivery; increased awareness of library subscription resources when accessible within students‟ workspace; strong and continuing relationships built with academic staff; enhanced Library staff engagement with flexible learning principles and new technologies. The question of where embedding information access in online courses and units fits with the Library‟s exploration of web scale solutions is also touched upon. And finally, an insight into how recent research undertaken by Deakin University Library has influenced our approach to information discovery solutions suggests an opportunity for many more questions to be explored.