Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic resistance and plasmid profiling of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from cockles (Anadara granosa) at Tanjung Karang

A total of sixty V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from local cockles (Anadara granosa) were investigated by their antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmid profiles. The isolates showed multiple resistances towards most of the antibiotics tested. All strains of V. parahaemolyticus isolated harbored 1-3 plasmids, with sizes ranging from 2.7 to 54 kb. All V. parahaemolyticus strains showed high multiple antibiotics in frequencies of 0.58 - 0.94 indicating that the strains were derived from high-risk sources. In addition, no particular plasmid profile was predictive of a particular pattern of antibiotic susceptibility. These findings are essential because of the suggested involvement of seafood especially shellfish and environment in transmission of this pathogen to human. Thus, indicating that seafood may be a source of food- acquired antibiotic resistant bacteria to consumer.
Effects of exogenous tannase enzyme on growth performance, antioxidant status, immune response, gut morphology and intestinal microflora of chicks fed grape pomace

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary addition of tannase to feed of chicks including grape pomace (GP) on growth performance, antioxidant status, immune response, blood parameters, gut morphology, intestinal microflora, liver function, and histopathological responses. The experimental diets were i) control (corn and soybean diet) (C); ii) C+10%GP; iii) C+10%GP+T1 (500 mg/kg tannase enzyme); and iv) C+10% GP+T2 (1000 mg/kg tannase enzyme). At 10 days old, the bodyweight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) of the birds fed the diet supplemented with GP was lower compared with the control group. In contrast with the control, supplementation of diets with 10%GP+1000 mg/kg tannase elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and depressed the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum. The addition of GP to the chicken diets had a significant impact on the total anti- sheep red blood cells (SRBC) titers and IgG, and IgM antibodies at 21 and 42 days old. The muscularis thickness of the chicken duodenum decreased in the Trial 3 compared with control groups. The inclusion of GP in the chicken diets reduced the concentration of Escherichia coli and increased that of Lactobacillus compared with the control. The results of the present study suggest that the inclusion of up to 10 percent GP in diets did not adversely affect broiler growth performance, and supplementation of tannase improved the antioxidant status and immune responses,and increased the caecal populations of beneficial bacteria in the cecum of broiler chickens. Keywords: Broiler chickens, histopathological responses, glutathione peroxidase, polyphenol, sheep red blood cells
Management of a supplier collaboration - The usage of control and coordination mechanisms

The objective of this study was to understand how in a buyer-supplier relationship the collaboration of a buyer and a supplier is managed from the buyer’s perspective, in terms of what kind of control and coordination mechanisms are used for it and why. This objective was selected due to an interest to the contemporary business landscape, where various kinds of alliances and inter-firm relationships are increasingly common, and thus the understanding how alliances are, or should be, managed is a key capability in today’s business world. The study was conducted as a qualitative case study, in which it was studied how a large Finnish MNC manages the collaboration with one of its Chinese suppliers. Three theoretical frameworks were used: two higher level frameworks and one detailed framework. The first higher level framework consisted of the coordination mechanisms from Bartlett and Ghoshal (2002), while the second one comprised higher level control typologies, often divided into market, hierarchical and some alternative patterns. The third, detailed framework was an inter-firm management control systems (MCS) package, which was constructed by utilizing MCS control package from Malmi and Brown (2008) as a basis. It can be concluded that there was a clear benefit from utilizing several theoretical frameworks, since they supported each other in discovering the main findings. The results of the study show that almost all of the detailed control mechanisms included in the inter-firm MCS package were found to be in use in the studied case. This finding is new in the sense that this kind of inter-firm MCS package has not been used earlier for analyzing inter-firm relationships. It was also discovered, that it depends on whether the relationship is looked at as a whole, or only some subarea of it, how large portfolio of control and coordination mechanisms is in use. Finally, based on the finding showing that all control typologies were present simultaneously for managing the collaboration, it is suggested to extend the inter-firm MCS package constructed based on the model from Malmi and Brown (2008) by adding market control into it. This makes it more applicable in inter-firm settings. For the reasons why all the control typologies hierarchy, market and relationship control were present simultaneously, the argument from Van Der Meer-Kooistra and Scapens (2008) claiming that in an inter-firm setting there may be several paradoxes that need to be managed, was supported by the findings. While the different characteristics of the subareas of the relationship were the reason for utilizing different portfolio of control mechanisms for them.
The Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method (LAMP) for Echinococcus granulosis Coprodetection

We have previously developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detection of Echinococcus granulosus infection, which proved very sensitive and specific for identification of infected dogs. We have now developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, which amplifies the same genomic repeated sequences of E. granulosus for coprodetection. This assay enabled detection of a single egg in fecal samples and showed high species specificity for E. granulosus with no cross-amplification of DNA from closely related helminths, including Echinococcus multilocularis . Because the method does not require thermocycling for DNA amplification, or electrophoresis for amplicon detection, it can potentially be used for premortem identification of E. granulosus -infected dogs to enable large-scale surveys in endemic countries where highly specialized equipment to undertake PCR analysis is rare.
Genetic analysis of clinical mastitis during different risk periods in Finnish Ayrshire

Clinical mastitis (CM) records from first-lactation Finnish Ayrshire were analysed by linear and threshold models to assess the effects trait definition on estimates of genetic parameters and sire evaluation. The studied CM traits were defined by dividing lactation into six lactation stages (risk periods) by days (d) after calving: CM1 (-7 to 150 d), CM2 (-30 to 30 d), CM3 (-30 to 150 d), CM4 (31 to 150 d), CM5 (150 to 300 d), CM6 (-30 to 300 d). In addition, two data sets were prepared to assess the effect of excluding (Data I) or including (Data II) records of culled cows on estimates of genetic parameters. Sire variances and heritabilities were larger using Data II. When data from longer intervals was used heritabilities of CM were slightly higher than shorter intervals indicating that longer intervals tend to obscure genetic variation between animals. Of all CM traits, heritability of liability to CM with threshold-liability model was highest for CM2 (h2=0.083) implying that most of the genetic information on CM is in early lactation. In sire evaluation, a multitrait index calculated by combining CM2, CM4 and CM5 had the highest correlation with all other univariate CM trait evaluations. This and the magnitude (less than 1.0) of genetic correlations between CM traits suggest that a multitrait model considering CM from the different risk periods would be appropriate for CM sire evaluation.
Seasonal changes in condition, hepatosomatic index and parasitism in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L.)

Measurements of biomarker responses in fish from contaminated sites could provide valuable data for environmental risk assessment. Biomarkers are sensitive to both environmental pollution and confounding factors that are not related to pollution (e.g., season, nutritional status, and population density). Unfortunately, data about the latter group are scarce. Therefore, juvenile sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L.) specimens were collected on a monthly basis from the Danube River from September 2002 through August 2003 to determine if seasonal changes exist in condition, hepatosomatic index, and parasitism. Fulton condition factor (FCF range: 0.27 - 0.79), hepatosomatic index (HSI range: 1.14 - 6.67) and Skrjabinopsolus semiarmatus parasite prevalence (range: 37.9 - 85.7 %), intensity (range: 1 - 337 parasites per fish) and the mean intensity (range 9.6 - 89.2) in sterlet showed significant seasonal variations. This study pointed out that biomarker sampling on different locations has to be performed within the short time frame in order to avoid differences generated by confounding factors. Better understanding of the life cycle of S. semiarmatus and sensitivity of different phases to pollution is needed.
Fostering Small and Medium Enterprises through Entrepreneurial Orientation and Strategic Improvisation

The purpose of this research is to establish the relationships between entrepreneurial orientation (EO), strategic improvisation and performance of small-medium enterprises (SMEs). Data were collected through mail survey questionnaires which were distributed among SME owners/managers who were randomly selected from a sampling frame of registered SMEs. This study employed the Partial Least Square (PLS) path modelling to estimate the hypothesized research model by using smart PLS 3.0. PLS was chosen because it maximizes the variance explained in the dependent variable. It also does not require multivariate normality of the data. A total of 140 usable responses were received. The study found that significant relationships exist between EO and performance and also between strategic improvisation and performance. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n4p481
Over-Expression of GH/GHR in Breast Cancer and Oncosuppressor Role of Somatostatin as a Physiological Inhibitor

Background: The interaction between pituitary hormones (Growth Hormone-Prolactin), ovarian hormones (Estradiol) and growth factors forms the basis of the mechanisms underlying the growth of tumors of the breast. The literature contains reports of the increased expression of the mitogenic GH (Growth Hormone)/IGF1 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor) axis in tumor tissues compared to healthy tissues, with a directly proportional dose-dependent relationship between GH/IGF1, proliferative index and invasive ability in numerous types of tumors. Methods and Findings: We carried out this experimental research on the mitogenic role of GH and consequently on the rationale of the anticancer use of its inhibition. The levels of expression of several genes, GH and GHR, were evaluated in 39 cases of breast cancer, divided according to different risk levels on the basis of immunohistochemical and histological tests with nuclear grade. Conclusion: Research showed that breast cancers with a high and intermediate risk of recurrence are characterized by over-expression of GH and of its receptor (GHR). The expression was limited in cases with a low risk. The overexpression of GH-GHR in breast cancer with a ratio proportional to the level of aggressiveness is a rationale that can encourage a therapeutic intervention with inhibition of the mitogenic GH-IGF1-PRL axis and estrogen.
The Shortage of Essential Cancer Drugs and Generics in the United States of America. Global Brain Storming Directions for the World.

Summary The shortage of the older essential cancer drugs that are off patent, mostly generics and injectable, has its threatening impact on health of cancer patients, clinical trials and the burden of costs spending on the health system in the United Sates. The problem is multifactorial and mostly economical and due to lack of incentives for production. Complex problems have no single or simple solutions. In order to get several effective proposals and solutions, then, there should be openness for thoughts and ideas. The solutions could be short term and long term. Also, it could be regulatory market, legislative or non market measures. Conclusion: We consider that there is a lot that could be thought for the US and the world if we tackle the issue globally in the context of the availability and affordability of economically sustainable better value cancer drugs regardless they are brand or generic and aiming at win-win outcome for all stakeholders. This could be a model for application of “The Fourth Way” that was proposed as a new pragmatic approach for problems with economic drivers in the USA and the World and not only for the problem of shortage of a number of cancer drugs.
Making meaning of meaning-making research

Qualitative research continues to have a larger presence in the interdisciplinary field of relationship studies. This essay presents the basic tenets of interpretive theory, the basis for many qualitative relationship studies, as well as four revelations that can occur from examining data through a qualitative lens. It also introduces the essays included in, “Qualitative studies of relationships: Prevailing norms and exciting innovations,” a special issue of the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.
Hedgehog structure in nematic and magnetic systems

The core structure of hedgehog point disclinations in magnetic and nematic liquid crystal systems is investigated within Landau theory. Exact spherically symmetric solutions are found, with isotropic cores. In the nematic hedgehog the solution is uniaxial everywhere. Nematic hedgehogs are very much larger than magnetic hedgehogs when measured with respect to the order parameter healing length Etude de la structure des points singuliers «herissons» dans les systemes nematiques et magnetiques dans le cadre d'une theorie de Landau et mise en evidence de solutions exactes pour la symetrie spherique et des cœurs isotropes: solution partout uniaxiale pour les herissons nematiques, beaucoup plus grands que les herissons magnetiques, avec des longueurs mesurees par rapport a la longueur de relaxation du parametre d'ordre
The effect of L-arginine on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters and duodenal motility in broilers.

Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diet supplemented with L-arginine (L-Arg)on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters and duodenal motility of broilers during three time periods: 0 to 10, 11 to 28 and 29 to 42 days old. A total of 500, mixed sex, one-dayold Ross-308 broiler chicks were divided into five groups as follows: Arg deficient group and four experimental groups. Each group was then divided into five subgroups of 20 chicks each. Arg deficient group for all time periods was fed by basal diet which contained 10% less L-Arg than optimum Arg requirement recommended by the breeder. Experimental groups were fed by basal diet supplemented with L-Arg which was progressively 10% increased in groups. The highest body weight gain (BWG) was observed on days 11-28 and 0-42 in experimental group fed by basal diet supplemented with 110% L-Arg, whereas the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was determined on days 29-42 and 0-42 in the same experimental group. Feed intake did not change in all three periods, while serum urea nitrogen level in the experimental group in which diet supplemented with 10% L-Arg, was lower than other groups on day 0-10. On contractility studies, it was observed that L-Arg inhibited the amplitude of contractions in duodenum in a dosedependent manner in vitro. These results suggest that the basal diet formulated with 90-130% Arg is not effective on growth performance of chicks on days 0-10, whereas the diet supplemented with 10% L-Arg more than optimum Arg requirement is adequate during the days 11-28 and 29-42. Moreover, although the L-Arg decreased the duodenal contractility in vitro, it is suggested that the diet supplemented with 10% L-Arg more than optimum Arg requirement may be negatively affected the FCR in broilers.
Pre-Service Teachers' Competencies and Perceptions of Necessity about Practical Tools for Content Development.

The purpose of the study is to investigate pre-service teachers` competencies and their perceptions of necessity about using practical tools for content development. The study was designed using preand post-test experimental design method. The study group consisted of 170 pre-service teachers at a public university in Turkey. The Practical Tools for Content Development (PTCD) scale was used for data collection. Pre-service teachers had been trained about practical tools for 14 weeks during the Computer II course in spring semester. For the data analysis; descriptive statistics, independent t-test, dependent t-test and single factor variance analysis (ANOVA) methods were applied. It was observed that the competency levels of pre-service teachers increased from medium to high. A slight decrease was observed in pre-service teachers` perceptions of necessity. No significant differences were observed in competency levels of pre-service teachers depending on gender, department and daily internet use variables. Female participants’ level of perceptions of necessity was significantly higher than the the males, whereas there was no other significant differences. It can be concluded that Computer II course might have an important role to improve pre-service teachers’ competencies and skills on the use of practical tools for content development.
Geostatistical Air Pollution Indexes in Spatial Hedonic Models: The Case of Madrid, Spain

Recent work has shown how spatial econometrics can be applied to a housingvalue hedonic equation that includes air pollution variables. In this paper we propose a Spatial Durbin Model that incorporates an Air Pollution Index, instead of one or two pollution variables, and considers spatial and non-spatial endogeneity jointly. We do, however, assume both possibilities for the index: exogenous and endogenous. Unlike most empirical studies in the literature, we have focused our empirical analysis on a European city, Madrid. In order to do so, we constructed a massive data base in 2009 that includes almost 12,000 dwellings.
Evidence-Based Nephrology Biomarkers for the Early Detection and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract AKI is an increasingly commondisorder that is strongly linked to shortand long-termmorbidityandmortality.Despite a growing heterogeneity in its causes, providing a timely and certain diagnosis of AKI remains challenging. In this review, we summarize the evolution of AKI biomarker studies over the past few years, focusing on two major areas of investigation: the early detection and prognosis of AKI. We highlight some of the lessons learned in conducting AKI biomarker studies, including ongoing attempts to address the limitations of creatinine as a reference standard and the recent shift toward evaluating the prognostic potential of these markers. Lastly, we suggest current gaps in knowledge and barriers that may be hindering their incorporation into care and a full ascertainment of their value. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 12: 149–173, 2017. doi: 10.2215/CJN.01300216
Quantitative estimation of land cover structure in an arid region across the Israel – Egypt border using remote sensing data

The clearly visible border between the Israeli Negev and the Egyptian Sinai in remote sensing imagery is a very interesting phenomenon that has long been studied. The widely accepted explanation to this observation is a viewpoint of anthropogenic impacts on the arid environmental ecosystem across the border. In order to examine the validity of this viewpoint, three methods were employed in this study to determine the quantitative structure of main land cover patterns (biogenic crust, bare sand, vegetation and playa) in the arid region: field observation, measurement on aerial photograph, and analysis of vegetation cover changes on Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT images. Field observation on the Israeli side indicated that vegetation covers 16% of the ground, biogenic crust 69%, sand 12% and playa 3%. Evidence from aerial photograph supported a sharp contrast of vegetation cover across the border, with 17% on the Israeli side and 6% on the Egyptian side. Analysis of the available TM/SPOT images indicated a high vibration of seasonal vegetation changes in the region. The Israeli side had a vegetation cover rate ranging from above 18% in the growing season and below 5% in the dry months. The rate on the Egyptian side changes from less than 2% in the dry season to 5% in the growing season. Therefore, it is reasonable to estimate surface composition structure of the region as follows: vegetation, biogenic crust, bare sand and playa account for 5–18%, 71–84%, 7.5% and 3.5%, respectively, on the Israeli side, and 2–5%, 12.5%, 79–82% and 3.5% on the Egyptian side, depending on the season. see front matter r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. jaridenv.2005. 11.003 nding author. Institute of Agro-Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural jing 100081, China. Tel. : +86 10 6897 5171. dresses: qinzh@caas.net. cn (Z. Qin), karnieli@bgumail.bgu. ac.il (A. Karnieli).
Seasonal variability of intestinal microbiota in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), with a particular attention to Aeromonas spp. as candidate indicator of antimicrobial resistance

Cette etude a pour objectifs (1) de situer l'importance du genre Aeromonas dans la microflore de la truite d'elevage, en tenant compte des fluctuations saisonnieres observees au cours du cycle de production, et (2) d'evaluer la pertinence de l'utilisation de ce genre bacterien en tant qu'indicateur d'emergence d'antibio-resistances. Pour cela, la composition quantitative et qualitative de la microflore intestinale de la truite arc-en-ciel a ete examinee durant une annee a partir de prelevements reguliers de cinq poissons dans la meme pisciculture d'eau douce situee en Bretagne (France). La composition de la flore bacterienne cultivable fut determinee par comptage des colonies obtenues sur milieux selectifs et non selectifs. Les bacteries Grain-negatives isolees (Aeromonas spp. en particulier) furent identifiees sur la base de leurs caracteres culturaux, biochimiques et par PCR. D'importantes variations de la composition de la microflore heterotrophe aerobie furent observees au long de l'annee, a la fois sur le plan quantitatif (<10 2 ufc g -1 en saison froide a 10 5 -10 6 ufc g -1 d'intestins en saison chaude) et qualitatif. Ces variations furent attribuees a l'evolution de la temperature de l'eau en fonction du cycle saisonnier. La sensibilite des isolats d'Aeromonas spp. fut testee vis-a-vis de l'acide oxolinique, la flumequine, l'enrofloxacine, l'oxytetracycline, le chloramphenicol, le florfenicol, l'ampicilline, la gentamicine et la streptomycine. D'importantes variations des profils de sensibilite furent observees: des souches presentaient un profil de sensibilite similaire a celles presentes dans une eau non polluee, mais la plupart montraient une resistance acquise a un ou plusieurs antimicrobiens. Une souche etait en outre a la fois resistante a la streptomycine, l'oxytetracycine, le choramphenicol et le florfenicol. En conclusion, Aeromonas spp. peut etre facilement isole chez la truite et presente une sensibilite naturelle aux principaux antimicrobiens utilises en aquaculture. Neanmoins, les difficultes rencontrees pour l'isoler regulierement au cours d'une longue periode dans l'intestin de la truite arc-en-ciel limite son utilisation en tant qu'indicateur de resistance aux antimicrobiens.