Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Follicle pool, ovarian surgery and the risk for a subsequent trisomic pregnancy.

STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between trisomic pregnancy, a marker for decreased oocyte quality, and the reduced oocyte quantity that follows ovarian surgery? SUMMARY ANSWER Previous ovarian surgery is not associated with an increased risk for a subsequent trisomic pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Ovarian surgery diminishes the number of oocytes. The risk for a trisomic pregnancy is suggested to be higher in women with fewer oocytes, independent of their chronological age. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a matched case-control study. Cases are women with a confirmed trisomic pregnancy occurring between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2010 regardless of pregnancy outcome and controls are women that had a live born child without a trisomy. In total, there were 8573 participants in the study; 1723 cases and 6850 controls. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Data were obtained from Danish medical registries. Matching criteria were maternal age and year of conception. Number of controls matched per case ranged from one to four. Among cases and controls with a trisomic pregnancy, 2.7% (46/1723) versus 2.5% (172/6850) had undergone ovarian surgery before pregnancy. MAIN RESULTS AND ROLE OF CHANCE History of ovarian surgery is not associated with a higher risk for a subsequent trisomic pregnancy (odds ratio = 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.99-1.01). Subgroup analyses by indication of surgery and interval between ovarian surgery and pregnancy do not show an effect on trisomic pregnancy risk. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The medical registries used to select cases and controls did not contain information on surgical technique nor volume of ovarian tissue resected, previous trisomic pregnancy prior to the ovarian surgery or long-term use of oral contraceptives. Therefore, correction for these factors was not performed. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We did not confirm the hypothesis that ovarian surgery, a marker for decreased oocyte quantity, is related to trisomic pregnancy, a marker for decreased oocyte quality. This suggests that ovarian surgery, which has a direct reductive effect on the size of the follicle pool, may affect oocyte quality differently when compared with the reduction in follicle pool size due to ageing. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The study was supported by grants from the Gratama Stichting, University of Groningen and the University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands. Ø. L. has within the last 3 years received honoraria for speeches in pharmacoepidemiological issues, not related to this study. The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology receives unrestricted educational grants from Ferring Pharmaceuticals. A.H. received a grant from ZonMW (i.e. National Dutch Scientific funding) for a RCT not related to this publication. Dr A.H. received speakers fee from MSD for an educational presentation. All other authors have no conflict of interest.
Sex‐related and non‐sex‐related comorbidity subtypes of tic disorders: a latent class approach

Recent evidence suggests that there may be more than one Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS)/tic disorder phenotype. However, little is known about the common patterns of these GTS/tic disorder‐related comorbidities. In addition, sex‐specific phenomenological data of GTS/tic disorder‐affected adults are rare. Therefore, this community‐based study used latent class analyses (LCA) to investigate sex‐related and non‐sex‐related subtypes of GTS/tic disorders and their most common comorbidities.
Contraceptive practices and cervical screening in women with cystic fibrosis.

STUDY QUESTION Is gynaecological management of women with cystic fibrosis (CF) adequate? SUMMARY ANSWER Gynaecological care (frequency of follow-up, cervical screening and contraceptive use among sexually active women) in women with CF fails to reach the recommended level. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Little is known about gynaecological follow-up and cervical screening in CF. Only few studies have described contraceptive practices in cohorts of CF women. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We did a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 155 CF women attending the Lyon adult centre. Women attending the CF adult centre in 2014 completed a written questionnaire about their contraceptive choices, frequency of gynaecological follow-up and cervical screening. Other clinical data were collected from the CF adult centre registry. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS One hundred and twenty women (100%) answered the questionnaire, among whom two were post-menopausal (46 and 59 years of age), and five were pregnant. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Seventy-four per cent of the women declared they had undergone gynaecological follow-up (89% of the women with transplantation), and only 55% reported having at least one previous Pap smear test. Among the transplanted patients, only 58% had had a Pap smear test, despite immunosuppressive treatment. The overall rate of contraception was only 64% and in diabetic women, it was 61%. Among contraception users; 65% used oral contraception, predominantly combined estrogen-progestagen (47%); among diabetic patients, 26% used progestin-only contraception. Intrauterine device accounted for 10% of patients using contraception, and tubal ligation only 4%. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study is limited by its cross-sectional design. Despite an internal validation of the questionnaire showing an almost perfect agreement, the risk of recall bias has to be taken into account. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study of practices highlights the importance of improved information regarding sexuality, fertility and reproductive health in young women with CF. A regular gynaecological follow-up and cervical screening is mandatory in this population. Better gynaecological care and contraceptive advice would help to avoid unplanned pregnancies, and optimize contraceptive selection in relationship to specific clinical conditions.
Incidence of and Risk Factors for Skin Cancer in Organ Transplant Recipients in the United States

Importance Skin cancer is the most common malignancy occurring after organ transplantation. Although previous research has reported an increased risk of skin cancer in solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs), no study has estimated the posttransplant population–based incidence in the United States. Objective To determine the incidence and evaluate the risk factors for posttransplant skin cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), melanoma (MM), and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in a cohort of US OTRs receiving a primary organ transplant in 2003 or 2008. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter retrospective cohort study examined 10 649 adult recipients of a primary transplant performed at 26 centers across the United States in the Transplant Skin Cancer Network during 1 of 2 calendar years (either 2003 or 2008) identified through the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) database. Recipients of all organs except intestine were included, and the follow-up periods were 5 and 10 years. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident skin cancer was determined through detailed medical record review. Data on predictors were obtained from the OPTN database. The incidence rates for posttransplant skin cancer overall and for SCC, MM, and MCC were calculated per 100 000 person-years. Potential risk factors for posttransplant skin cancer were tested using multivariate Cox regression analysis to yield adjusted hazard ratios (HR). Results Overall, 10 649 organ transplant recipients (mean [SD] age, 51 [12] years; 3873 women [36%] and 6776 men [64%]) contributed 59 923 years of follow-up. The incidence rates for posttransplant skin cancer was 1437 per 100 000 person-years. Specific subtype rates for SCC, MM, and MCC were 812, 75, and 2 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Statistically significant risk factors for posttransplant skin cancer included pretransplant skin cancer (HR, 4.69; 95% CI, 3.26-6.73), male sex (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.34-1.81), white race (HR, 9.04; 95% CI, 6.20-13.18), age at transplant 50 years or older (HR, 2.77; 95% CI, 2.20-3.48), and being transplanted in 2008 vs 2003 (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.22-1.94). Conclusions and Relevance Posttransplant skin cancer is common, with elevated risk imparted by increased age, white race, male sex, and thoracic organ transplantation. A temporal cohort effect was present. Understanding the risk factors and trends in posttransplant skin cancer is fundamental to targeted screening and prevention in this population.
Similar in vitro maturation rates of oocytes retrieved during the follicular or luteal phase offer flexible options for urgent fertility preservation in breast cancer patients.

STUDY QUESTION Are in vitro maturation (IVM) rates of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), retrieved from breast cancer patients seeking urgent fertility preservation (FP) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, different between those recovered in the follicular or in the luteal phase of the cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER The present investigation reveals no major difference in the number of COCs recovered or their IVM rates whatever the phase of the cycle at which egg retrieval is performed, suggesting that IVM is a promising tool for breast cancer patients seeking urgent oocyte cryopreservation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY FP now represents a standard of care for young cancer patients having to undergo gonadotoxic treatment. Mature oocyte cryopreservation after IVM of COCs has been proposed for urgent FP, especially in women, who have no time to undergo ovarian stimulation, or when it is contraindicated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION From January 2011 to December 2014, we prospectively studied 248 breast cancer patients awaiting neoadjuvant chemotherapy, aged 18-40 years, candidates for oocyte vitrification following IVM, either at the follicular or the luteal phase of the cycle. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Serum anti-Müllerian hormone and progesterone levels and antral follicle count (AFC) were measured prior to oocyte retrieval. Patients were sorted into two groups according to the phase of the cycle during which eggs were harvested (Follicular phase group, n = 127 and Luteal phase group, n = 121). Number of COCs recovered, maturation rates after 48 h of culture and total number of oocytes cryopreserved were assessed. Moreover, the oocyte retrieval rate (ORR) was calculated by the number of COCs recovered ×100/AFC. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In the Follicular and the Luteal phase groups, women were comparable in terms of age, BMI and markers of follicular ovarian status. There was no significant difference in the number of COCs recovered (mean ± SEM), 9.3 ± 0.7 versus 11.1 ± 0.8, and ORR (median (range)) 43.1 (1-100) versus 47.8 (7.7-100)%. Moreover, maturation rates after 48 h of culture (median (range)) were comparable in the follicular and luteal phase groups, 66.7 (20-100) versus 64.5 (0-100)%. Finally, the total number of oocytes cryopreserved (mean ± SEM) was similar in both groups (6.2 ± 0.4 versus 6.8 ± 0.5). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Despite the intact meiotic competence of immature oocytes recovered during the follicular or the luteal phase, there is a dramatic lack of data regarding the outcome of IVM oocytes cryopreserved in cancer patients. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS IVM of oocytes may be an interesting method of FP in urgent situations. Improving the culture conditions will be needed to increase the maturation rates and the overall potential of in vitro matured oocytes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS None. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Percentage Body Fat Assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis as a New Health Index for Rural Areas in the Asia-Pacific Region

Title Percentage Body Fat Assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis as a New Health Index for Rural Areas in the Asia-Pacific Region Author(s) Minematsu, Kazuo; Kaneko, Yoshinori; Nakazato, Mio; Maeda, Takahiro; Nmor Jephtha Christopher; Yoda, Takeshi; Goto, Kensuke; Takamura, Noboru; Mizota, Tsutomu Citation Acta medica Nagasakiensia, 54(2), pp.39-43 ; 2009 Issue Date 2009-12 URL http://hdl.handle. net/10069/22687 Right NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Academic Output SITE
Maternal Newborn Nursing Care Plans

Maternal Newborn Nursing Care Plans, Third Edition teaches students and practicing nurses how to assess, plan, provide, and evaluate care for pregnancy, delivery, recovery, abnormal conditions, and newborn care. Featuring more than 65 of the most common and high-risk care plans for nursing care using the nursing process approach, it includes NIC interventions, discussions on collaborative problems, key nursing activities, signs and symptoms, and diagnostic studies. Using a progressive approach, the text begins with generic care plans that address all patient situations regardless of the patient diagnosis or condition before moving on to more complicated and specific care plans. The Third Edition offers new rationales for nursing actions based on scientific principles, a new breastfeeding care plan added to the normal newborn care chapter, new information on obesity in pregnancy, evidence-based practice boxes throughout to highlight current research, and updated references and research. Also included are new guidelines, practice changes, new standards, and evidence changes. * Consistent organization based on commonly encountered nursing diagnoses * Comprehensive coverage of normal pregnancy and common complications of pregnancy * Individualized and collaborative care plans cover both actual and potential problems and conditions * Content in concert with the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) mandate to improve the quality and safety of patient outcomes
Pallidal stimulation for acquired dystonia due to cerebral palsy: beyond 5 years

There is increasing evidence that deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is effective in patients with idiopathic or inherited generalized dystonia. There is comparatively less experience about the effects of GPi DBS on acquired dystonia, particularly dystonia due to cerebral palsy (DCP). Clinical and demographic outcome predictors for DBS in dystonia syndromes are also poorly defined. Our aim was to examine the efficacy and safety of GPi DBS for the treatment of generalized DCP.
Prevalence of Common Candida Species in Oral Lichen Planus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in South of Iran

Background: Lichen Planus is a common mucocutaneous disease with unknown etiology. Immunodeficiency is a known predisposing factor to this disease. Oral Candidiasis which is an opportunistic fungal infection, commonly affects healthy and immune-compromised patients. Candida has different species bearing different treatments. In this study, researchers aimed to detect the frequency and colonization rate of Candida and its association with different factors such as lesion types of oral lichen Planus (OLP). Materials and Methods: Thirty seven untreated oral lichen Planus patients, attending the Clinical Department of Oral Medicine at Shiraz Dental School in 2011, were selected. Swab method and CHROMagar media were used to obtain samples incubated for 48 hours at 30 ºC. Fungal species were detected considering colony color changes.Results: In the culture test, approximately 80% of samples were positive of non-reticular type. About 40% of positive samples were of Candida non-albicans (C.Non-albicans) type. Among C. Non-albicans, 85% were non-reticular type among OLP patients. There was no significant statistical difference in prevalence of Candida albicans (C.albicans) and C. Non-albicans in OLP patients.Conclusion: Based on results, certain biotypes of Candida were not confirmed responsible for OLP patterns. [GMJ.2014;3(4):252-5]
Inequity in access to health services between migrants and natives of Chandigarh, India

Purpose – People often migrate from rural to urban areas within a country or from less developed to more developed countries for better life opportunities but may remain outside the range of health services. The purpose of this paper was to find out the socio-economic and health system factors that may affect the utilization of health services by the migrants. Design/methodology/approach – Five villages and three slums were randomly selected from 23 villages and 18 slums of Chandigarh, a northwest Indian city. Using stratified random sampling, 145 migrants and 63 native women, who were pregnant or had delivered a baby from April 1, 2009 to March 31, 2012 were interviewed using semi-structured interview schedule. χ2 was used for testing statistical significance of the differences, and logistic regression was utilized to evaluate the “independent effect” of migration on Maternal and Child Health (MCH) service utilization. Findings – The level of education was higher among migrants than the natives but their.
A Place Called School

A landmark study from one of the nation's top educators. First published 20 years ago, "A Place Called School" is the revolutionary account of the largest on-scene study of U.S. schools ever conducted. Data were gathered from more than 27,000 students, teachers, and parents, and over 1,000 classes were carefully observed by trained researchers. The result is this book. Written by one of the nation's most astute and experienced educators, Goodlad's message of optimism and his agenda for improvement have only grown in importance since the book's original publication. 'The Goodlad study has attracted special interest, both for its unusually large amount of data and for the author's long activity as a teacher and researcher' - "The New York Times". 'One would be hard pressed to imagine a better study within the realm of reasonable human effort' - "Washington Post". 'He provides compelling evidence that what we have will not do, and that only a thorough revolution can bring the reality of the school closer to its ideal' - "Newsweek". John I. Goodlad is president of the Institute for Educational Inquiry and a founder of the Center for Educational Renewal at the University of Washington. The author of more than 30 books on education, Goodlad has received numerous national awards in recognition of his work in the field.
Pre-term birth and low birth weight following preimplantation genetic diagnosis: analysis of 88 010 singleton live births following PGD and IVF cycles

STUDY QUESTION Is PGD associated with the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes such as pre-term birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW)? SUMMARY ANSWER There was no increase in the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes of PTB, and LBW following PGD compared with autologous IVF. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Pregnancies resulting from ART are associated with a higher risk of pregnancy complications compared with spontaneously conceived pregnancies. The possible reason of adverse obstetric outcomes following ART has been attributed to the underlying infertility itself and embryo specific epigenetic modifications due to the IVF techniques. It is of interest whether interventions such as embryo biopsy as performed in PGD affect perinatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Anonymous data were obtained from the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA), the statutory regulator of ART in the UK. The HFEA has collected data prospectively on all ART performed in the UK since 1991. Data from 1996 to 2011 involving a total of 88 010 singleton live births were analysed including 87 571 following autologous stimulated IVF ± ICSI and 439 following PGD cycles. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Data on all women undergoing either a stimulated fresh IVF ± ICSI treatment cycle or a PGD cycle during the period from 1996 to 2011 were analysed to compare perinatal outcomes of PTB and LBW among singleton live births. Logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for female age category, year of treatment, previous IVF cycles, infertility diagnosis, number of oocytes retrieved, whether IVF or ICSI was used and day of embryo transfer. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There was no increase in the risk of PTB and LBW following PGD versus autologous stimulated IVF ± ICSI treatment, unadjusted odds of PTB (odds ratio (OR) 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46–0.99) and LBW (OR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37–0.85). After adjusting for the potential confounders, there was again no increase in the risk of the adverse perinatal outcomes following PGD: PTB (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45–0.98) and LBW (aOR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38–0.88). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although the analysis was adjusted for a number of important confounders, the data set had no information on confounders such as smoking, body mass index and the medical history of women during pregnancy to allow adjustment. There was no information on the stage of embryo at biopsy, whether blastomere or trophectoderm biopsy. WIDER IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FINDINGS The demonstration that PGD is not associated with higher risk of PTB and LBW provides reassurance towards its current expanding application. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No funding was obtained. There are no competing interests to declare.
Human foetal ovary shares meiotic preventing factors with the developing testis

STUDY QUESTION How can pre-meiotic germ cells persist in the human foetal ovary? SUMMARY ANSWER Numerous oogonia escaping meiotic entry were retrieved throughout human ovarian development simultaneously with the expression of signalling pathways preventing meiosis, typically described in the rodent embryonic testis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The transition from mitosis to meiosis is a key event in female germ cells that remains poorly documented in research on the human ovary. Previous reports described a strikingly asynchronous differentiation in the human female germ line during development, with the persistence of oogonia among oocytes and follicles during the second and third trimesters. The possible mechanisms allowing some cells to escape meiosis remain elusive. STUDY DESIGN SIZE, DURATION In order to document the extent of this phenomenon, we detailed the expression profile of germ cell differentiation markers using 73 ovaries ranging from 6.4 to 35 weeks post-fertilization. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING, METHODS Pre-meiotic markers were detected by immunohistochemistry or qRT-PCR. The expression of the main meiosis-preventing factors identified in mice was analysed, and their functionality assessed using organ cultures. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Oogonia stained for AP2γ could be traced from the first trimester until the end of the third trimester. Female germ cell differentiation is organized both in time and space in a centripetal manner in the foetal human ovary. Unexpectedly, some features usually ascribed to rodent pre-spermatogonia could be observed in human foetal ovaries, such as NANOS2 expression and quiescence in some germ cells. The two main somatic signals known to inhibit meiosis in the mouse embryonic testis, CYP26B1 and FGF9, were detected in the human ovary and act simultaneously to repress STRA8 and meiosis in human foetal female germ cells. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS REASON FOR CAUTION Our conclusions relied partly on in vitro experiments. Germ cells were not systematically identified with immunostaining and some may have thus escaped analysis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We found evidence that a robust repression of meiotic entry is taking place in the human foetal ovary, possibly explaining the exceptional long-lasting presence of pre-meiotic germ cells until late gestational age. This result calls for a redefinition of the markers known as classical male markers, which may in fact characterize mammalian developing gonads irrespectively of their sex. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was supported by the Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 and Université Paris-Sud, CEA, INSERM, and Agence de la Biomédecine. The authors declare no conflict of interest.