Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rapid Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Real‐Time Polymerase Chain Reaction with TaqMan‐MGB Probes

ABSTRACTWe investigated somatic mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in non-small cell lung cancer tumor tissue and their detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan-MGB probes. METHODSThe DNA was extracted from surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer tumor specimens. Genes encoding for epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine (exons 18, 19, and 21) were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction, sequenced, and analyzed by chromatograms with manual review. TaqMan-MGB probes were designed to detect the epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in the tumor tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTSSomatic point mutations and deletions were identified in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in 21 of 80 non-small cell lung cancer patients, including 13 patients with deletion mutations occurring in exon 19 and 8 patients with point mutations occurring in codon 858 (exon 21). The results from real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan-MGB probes were completely consistent with sequencing outcomes. Both the sensitivity and specificity for detecting the epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan-MGB probes were 100%. The mutation incidence was significantly higher in female patients, non-smokers, and patients with adenocarcinoma than in male patients, smokers, and those with nonadenocarcinomas (P< 0.05). The mutations were not related to patient's age or tumor nodal metastasis staging. CONCLUSIONSSomatic mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene that develop in non-small cell lung cancer patients are more common in female patients, nonsmokers, and patients with adenocarcinoma. Real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan-MGB probes is effective, simple, and fast in the detection of epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations.
Cerebellar Source Localization using Event-Related Potentials in a Simple Motor Task

Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely used to characterize the temporal patterns of electrical activity, primarily associated with neocortex. Traditionally, the sensitivity of EEG to cerebellar activity has been considered limited with the electrical potentials assumed to stem from cortical pyramidal cells. This study leverages recent work examining the structure, organization, and synchrony of purkinje neurons to promote local field potentials measured by EEG. In conjunction with high fidelity EEG recording and source imaging analysis we examined the feasibility of using current EEG systems to characterize cerebellar function in a series of simple motor tasks. Distributed source imaging analysis revealed consistent task-related cerebellar activity across subjects whose time course was consistent with cerebellar involvement for the control of voluntary movement. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using current EEG systems and source imaging techniques to resolve activity in the cerebellum that is distinct from task-related activity in cortex.
Endocervical curettage in evaluating abnormal cervical cytology.

OBJECTIVE To determine the role of endocervical curettage (ECC) in the evaluation of women with abnormal cervical cytology and following treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective chart review using the records of 2,126 patients who were seen at the Colposcopy Clinic, Baylor College of Medicine, between 1980 and 1995. All patients were referred because of an abnormal cervical smear and underwent repeat Pap smear, colposcopic examination in each case with biopsies as indicated, endocervical curettage and treatment, consisting of either cryotherapy, laser vaporization or a LOOP electrosurgical excision procedure. Following treatment, Pap smears were performed on a scheduled basis, and ECC was performed annually. RESULTS The ECC was negative in 1,849 (87%) of the women. It was abnormal in 33% of women with unsatisfactory colposcopy and 10% of women with satisfactory colposcopy. ECC was abnormal in 21% of patients with a negative biopsy result and 42% of patients who did not have a biopsy performed. There was a significant increase in abnormal ECC results with increasing age. ECC had a high positive predictive value for ectocervical disease (86%) and a high negative predictive value for endocervical disease (90%). One year following treatment, < 4% of patients with a negative cervical smear had a high grade lesion detected on ECC. CONCLUSION The use of ECC is helpful in detecting disease missed by routine colposcopy and biopsy and is most likely to detect ectocervical disease rather than true endocervical disease. Following treatment, ECC does not appear to be significantly more reliable than the Pap smear in detecting the presence of significant residual disease.
EEG-based Person Authentication System in Different Brain States

Using EEG signals, which measure the electrical field generated by active neurons in a brain, to access a security system has received a considerable attention from researchers with a large number of publications. While elicited EEG-based credentials are known as sensitive to affective states, very few studies address that issue when utilizing brain-wave for authentication purpose. In this paper, we investigate the user-authenticating ability of an EEG-based person authentication (EBPA) system when clients are in a variety of brain states during performing mental tasks to login. The experimental results, which are supported by neuropsychological evidence, show that when people are in "like" or "unfamilar" brain states, the EBPA system has better accuracy compared to when they dislike or are familiar with stimuli. Some other issues involving human affective states are also introduced to help design a real-world EBPA system that is not only stable and high security but also comfortable.
Resource Centric Characterization and Classification of Applications Using KMeans for Multicores

The knowledge on the behavior of an application program towards consumption of shared resources in multicore systems could assist in characterizing and classifying these programs. Further categorizing applications assists in predicting optimal coschedules for multicores, which eventually leads to lower contention and enhance performance. The proposed work characterizes applications on the basis of variations in IPC due to various resource allocations. Further classification is done based on parameters of cache memory and Dram bandwidth utilization obtained using hardware counters. A statistical approach is used for classifying the applications. The variance values obtained for an application's behavior towards different resource allocations is considered to build training and test set and KMeans learning algorithm is applied to classify the workloads. The accuracy obtained with the proposed method is 85.71%.
Effect of Ga doped TiO2 photoanode on photovoltaic performances of natural dye-sensitized solar cells

We investigated the electric performances of DSSCs (Dye Sensitized Solar Cells) using TiO2 (Titanium dioxide) photoanodes doped with Gallium (Ga) for different concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mol %) and sensitized with a mixture natural dye (mallow with anthocyanin). The doped and undoped layers of photoanode were deposited with doctor blade method. The main properties like structure and optical absorbance of photoanodes doped with Ga were investigated. XRD spectra reveal that studied films exhibit tetragonal structure of anatase TiO2 showing a small shift to the higher diffraction angle when the concentration of the Ga increases. The crystallites have an average size in the range of 23–28 nm. UV-Vis absorption revealed that Ga addition enhances the light absorption in the visible range by shifting the absorption of TiO2 nanoparticles to visible region. The energy band gap of realized nanoparticles was decreased when the dopant concentration increases. It passes from 3.26 eV in pure TiO2 to 3.06 eV for 0.5%Ga-TiO2. The efficiency of realized DSSC was increased considerably compared to that using pure TiO2 photoanode. The current versus voltage (I-V) characteristics reveal that the DSSCs prepared using Ga-TiO2 layer have significantly improved parameters. In fact, the DSSC fabricated with 0.5%Ga-TiO2 has a high power conversion efficiency of 0.3%, short current density of 2.12 mA/cm2 and open circuit voltage of 0.45 V.
Classification of Five Emotions from EEG and Eye Movement Signals: Discrimination Ability and Stability over Time

This paper explores the discrimination ability and stability of electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye movement signals over time for classifying five emotions: happy, sad, fear, disgust and neutral. We develop a multimodal emotion dataset called SEED-V with 16 subjects. Two classifiers are trained based on the EEG and eye movement signals. Topographic maps are used to depict the neural patterns of EEG signal. The classification result based on EEG, eye movement, and feature level fusion (FLF) reaches the average accuracies of 70.8%, 59.87% and 75.13%, respectively. The experiment result indicates that: a) the EEG and eye movement signals have good discrimination ability for five emotion classification problem; b) the beta and gamma bands of EEG signal have better discrimination ability than the delta, theta and alpha bands; c) the stable neural patterns of different emotions do exist and are common across sessions; and d) the neural pattern of disgust emotion has high gamma response in the frontal area, while fear emotion has low activation at the top of brain in the gamma band.
Kpna7 interacts with egg‐specific nuclear factors in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Nuclear proteins are required for the initiation of transcription in early embryos before embryonic genome activation. The regulated transport of nuclear proteins is mediated by factors known as importins (karyopherins). Kpna7, a newly discovered member of the importin α family, is critical for early development in mammals. In this study, we characterize rainbow trout Kpna7. The cDNA for rainbow trout Kpna7 encodes a 519 amino acid protein that contains a conserved importin β binding (IBB) domain and seven armadillo/beta‐catenin‐like repeat (ARM) motifs. Reverse‐transcriptase PCR and Western blot analyses revealed that Kpna7 is specifically expressed in eggs/ovary. Real‐time PCR analysis demonstrated that expression of Kpna7 mRNA is high in unfertilized eggs, gradually decreases in early‐stage embryos until 3 days post‐fertilization, and declines sharply thereafter, reaching a level that is barely detectable in 4‐day‐old embryos. Using a yeast two‐hybrid screening system, we identified two Kpna7‐interacting proteins from a rainbow trout egg cDNA library: Stl3 (rhamnose‐binding lectin 3) and an uncharacterized protein. Both genes appear to be expressed specifically in eggs/testis. Co‐immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the interaction between Kpna7 and Stl3, and co‐transfection experiments using EGFP‐tagged Stl3 showed that Kpna7 facilitates the nuclear transport of Stl3 through an interaction with the predicted nuclear‐localization signal cluster at the carboxy‐terminus of Stl3. Our data suggest that Kpna7 may function in early embryonic development as a unique nuclear transporter for egg‐specific proteins. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 1136–1145, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cadherins and Pak1 Control Contact Inhibition of Proliferation by Pak1-βPIX-GIT Complex-Dependent Regulation of Cell-Matrix Signaling

ABSTRACT It is crucial for organ homeostasis that epithelia have effective mechanisms to restrict motility and cell proliferation in order to maintain tissue architecture. On the other hand, epithelial cells need to rapidly and transiently acquire a more mesenchymal phenotype, with high levels of cell motility and proliferation, in order to repair epithelia upon injury. Cross talk between cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling is crucial for regulating these transitions. The Pak1-βPIX-GIT complex is an effector complex downstream of the small GTPase Rac1. We previously showed that translocation of this complex from cell-matrix to cell-cell adhesion sites was required for the establishment of contact inhibition of proliferation. In this study, we provide evidence that this translocation depends on cadherin function. Cadherins do not recruit the complex by direct interaction. Rather, we found that inhibition of the normal function of cadherin or Pak1 leads to defects in focal adhesion turnover and to increased signaling by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. We propose that cadherins are involved in regulation of contact inhibition by controlling the function of the Pak1-βPIX-GIT complex at focal contacts.
Spinal Accessory Nerve: Ultrasound Findings and Correlations with Neck Lymph Node Levels

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) and correlate nerve location with neck lymph node level. Materials and Methods: 50 participants with 100 SANs were enrolled in this study. The SAN was traced from the trapezius muscle to the upper neck and was identified by a hypoechoic linear structure without color Doppler flow. The ultrasound characteristics of the SAN, such as visibility, diameter, relationship with adjacent structures, and its correlation with lymph node levels, were evaluated. Results: The SAN was identified in 96 %-100 % of segments. The mean diameter of the SAN was 0.54 ± 0.09 mm. The SANs was located between the trapezius and levator scapulae muscles and 90.8 % were traced into the trapezius muscle. In the upper neck, the SAN passed deep into the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle in 38 % of cases and between the two heads of the SCM muscle in 62 % of cases. The SAN was found at neck lymph node levels II, III, IV, and V, but not I or VI. Conclusion: Continuous ultrasound monitoring of the SAN and its correlation with lymph node levels is possible in most patients. Our current findings may assist in the future prevention of SAN injury during ultrasound-guided procedures.
Predictors of Survival in Malignant Melanoma of the Conjunctiva: A Clinico-Pathological and Follow-Up Study

The study comprised 61 patients with histologically diagnosed malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva (MMC) who were treated and followed up in the Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, over a period of 24 years (1970-1993). Data on 15 clinical and 10 histopathological characteristics of MMC were related to the outcome of the disease. Tumour thickness on the histological section was the most important single predictor of survival in MMC. Other predictors of survival in MMC were the number of mitoses, the histologically assessed degree of tumour pigmentation and the intensity of inflammation at the tumour site. The variables entered into the model comprised as much as 85.3% of all predictors of survival in MMC.
iHandU: Towards the Validation of a Wrist Rigidity Estimation for Intraoperative DBS Electrode Position Optimization

DBS surgery is considered for Parkinson’s Disease patients when motor complications and consequent quality of life is no longer acceptable on optimal medical therapy prescribed by neurologists. Within the operating room, the electrode placement with the best clinical outcome for the patient is quantitatively assessed via the wrist rigidity assessment. A subjective scale is used, influenced by the neurologists’ perception and experience. Our research group has previously designed a novel, comfortable and wireless system aiming to tackle this subjectivity. This system comprised a gyroscope sensor in a textile band, placed in the patients’ hand, which communicated its measurement to a Smartphone via Bluetooth. During the wrist rigidity evaluation exam, a signal descriptor was computed from angular velocity (ω) and a polynomial mathematical model was used to classify the signals using a quantitative scale of rigidity improvement. In this present work, we aim to develop models that consider the 3-gyroscope-axes to acquire the ω and the cogwheel rigidity. Our results showed that y-gyroscope-axis remains the best way to classify the rigidity reduction, showing an accuracy of 78% and a mean error of 3.5%. According to previous results, the performance was similar and the decrease of samples to extract the ω features did not compromise system performance. The cogwheel rigidity did not improve the previous model and other gyroscope-axis beyond the y-axis decreased system performance.
Low Frequency Alternating Current Block - A New Method to Stop or Slow Conduction of Action Potentials*

Finding a safe and effective method for blocking nerve fibers has been of particular interest of researchers in recent years. This paper presents a novel method of using low frequency alternating current to block nerve fibers. Presented are examples of phasic block in in-vivo earthworms, ex-vivo canine vagus and in-silico simulations using low frequency alternating current. Using this method onset activation, seen in kilohertz frequency block, is not seen. Blocking was achieved approximately 100 microamperes, in some cases, as opposed to milliamperes, reducing the possibility of toxic free radical buildup which eventually irreversibly damages the nerve. This paper provides evidence of a safe, effective and low power method for blocking nerve fibers.
[Performance evaluation of the Piccolo xpress Point-of-care Chemistry Analyzer].

BACKGROUND Point-of-care (POC) tests are used increasingly due to fast results and simple test procedures, which enables rapid diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. We evaluated the performance of the Piccolo xpress Chemistry Analyzer (Abaxis, USA) a POC chemistry analyzer. METHODS Fourteen analytes, Na(+), K(+), Cl(-), Ca(2+), total carbon dioxide, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, albumin, total protein, and glucose; were measured simultaneously with a 100 microL of whole blood sample using a Comprehensive Metabolic Reagent disk. Within-run and total precision and linearity were evaluated according to CLSI EP15-A and EP6-A guidelines, respectively. Comparison with a central laboratory chemistry analyzer was performed using 144 patient samples. RESULTS The coefficients of variations of within-run and total precision were all within 5% for three levels except for total carbon dioxide, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and creatinine in low level, and creatinine in middle level. The results of 14 analytes were linear within a commonly encountered range in clinical samples (r(2)> or =0.98). More than 10% of samples in Na(+), AST, ALT, glucose, BUN did not satisfy CLIA analytical quality requirement. CONCLUSIONS The Piccolo xpress Chemistry Analyzer can analyze multiple analytes with a minimal amount of whole blood in a short time. It showed an acceptable performance for precision, linearity and comparison with central laboratory analyzer. It can be useful as a screening tests modality in mobile clinics, ambulances, and field clinics for military use, and for pediatric patients from whom enough sample volume is difficult to obtain.
An ${\ell}_{0}$ -Norm Minimization for Energy-Efficient Timetabling in Subway Systems

In this paper, a sparse optimization model with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm and the squared <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm as the objective function is proposed for energy-efficient timetabling in subway systems by means of improving the regenerative braking energy utilization. Optimality analysis is addressed for the proposed sparse optimization problem. Specifically, the local minimizer is shown to be a KKT point without any additional constraint qualification. Moreover, based on the hard-thresholding operator, we yield an explicit formula for the Lagrangian dual problem for the proposed non-convex discontinuous optimization problem and achieve the strong duality under the stationarity condition. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed model for the energy-efficient timetabling, we design a hard-thresholding based alternating direction method of multipliers for solving the proposed model. The case study on Beijing Metro Yizhuang Line is conducted and the comparison to some recent existing approaches illustrates the effectiveness of our model in terms of energy saving rate and the efficiency of our proposed algorithm in terms of computation time.
Robust Human Activity Recognition Using Multimodal Feature-Level Fusion

Automated recognition of human activities or actions has great significance as it incorporates wide-ranging applications, including surveillance, robotics, and personal health monitoring. Over the past few years, many computer vision-based methods have been developed for recognizing human actions from RGB and depth camera videos. These methods include space–time trajectory, motion encoding, key poses extraction, space–time occupancy patterns, depth motion maps, and skeleton joints. However, these camera-based approaches are affected by background clutter and illumination changes and applicable to a limited field of view only. Wearable inertial sensors provide a viable solution to these challenges but are subject to several limitations such as location and orientation sensitivity. Due to the complementary trait of the data obtained from the camera and inertial sensors, the utilization of multiple sensing modalities for accurate recognition of human actions is gradually increasing. This paper presents a viable multimodal feature-level fusion approach for robust human action recognition, which utilizes data from multiple sensors, including RGB camera, depth sensor, and wearable inertial sensors. We extracted the computationally efficient features from the data obtained from RGB-D video camera and inertial body sensors. These features include densely extracted histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) features from RGB/depth videos and statistical signal attributes from wearable sensors data. The proposed human action recognition (HAR) framework is tested on a publicly available multimodal human action dataset UTD-MHAD consisting of 27 different human actions. K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine classifiers are used for training and testing the proposed fusion model for HAR. The experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme achieves better recognition results as compared to the state of the art. The feature-level fusion of RGB and inertial sensors provides the overall best performance for the proposed system, with an accuracy rate of 97.6%.
The Upstream Regulation of p38 Mitogen‐activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation by Arachidonic Acid in Rat Neutrophils

The signal transduction pathways activated by arachidonic acid that lead to p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in neutrophils remains unclear. In this study, selective inhibitors of several signalling pathways were utilized to investigate the mechanisms of activation of p38 MAPK by arachidonic acid in rat neutrophils.
An Experimental View on Fairness between HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2

As the modern web becomes complicated, HTTP has been upgraded from 1.1 to 2. Many web browsers and servers have adopted HTTP/2 that provides improved performance, security and bandwidth, and they support both HTTP/1.1 as well as HTTP/2 clients for the migration period. In general, HTTP/2 is considered to outperform HTTP/1.1, but it does not always guarantee the enhanced throughput. In this paper, we look into the fairness issue when HTTP/1.1 clients compete with HTTP/2 clients to connect the same web server simultaneously. From the realistic network environments such as WLAN, cellular 3G or LTE networks, we show that the HTTP/2 clients do not achieve the fair network bandwidth allocation when multiple HTTP/1.1 clients are connected to the web server.