Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the strontium triplet Rydberg series by depletion spectroscopy of ultracold atoms

We report on the atom loss spectroscopy of strontium Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap, using a two-photon excitation scheme through the intermediate state $5\mathrm{s}5\mathrm{p} \, ^3\mathrm{P}_1$. Energies of the $5\mathrm{s}n\mathrm{s} \, ^3\mathrm{S}_1$ and $5\mathrm{s}n\mathrm{d} \, ^3\mathrm{D}_{1,2}$ Rydberg series of $^{88}$Sr in the range $13 \leq n \leq 50$ are determined with an absolute accuracy of 10 MHz, including the perturbed region where the $5\mathrm{s}n\mathrm{d} \, ^3\mathrm{D}_{2}$ series couples to the $5\mathrm{s}n\mathrm{d} \, ^1\mathrm{D}_{2}$ series. This represents an improvement by more than two orders of magnitude compared to previously published data. The quantum defects for each series are determined using the extended Rydberg-Ritz formula in the range where there is no strong perturbation. A value of $1\,377\,012\,721(10) \,\mathrm{MHz}$ for the first ionization limit of $^{88}$Sr is extracted.
Attention Cueing as a Means to Enhance Learning from an Animation

SUMMARY The question how animations should be designed so that learning is optimised, is still under discussion. Animations are often cognitively very demanding, resulting in decreased learning outcomes. In this study, we tried to prevent cognitive overload and foster learning by focusing the learners’ attention to one element (i.e. process) of an animation using a cueing technique. Psychology students viewed an animation of the cardiovascular system and were subsequently given a comprehension test and a transfer test. One group studied the animation without a visual cue, while for another group a visual cue was added to the animation. Results indicated that cueing not only enhanced comprehension and transfer performance for cued information, but also for uncued information. It is concluded that cueing can be used as a technique to improve learning from an animation. Results are interpreted in terms of cognitive load theory (CLT). Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trade, Tariffs and Total Factor Productivity: The Case of Spanish Firms

The aim of this paper is to examine the sensitivity of total factor productivity (TFP) to foreign competition in the case of a European country. Using the Olley and Pakes method, we calculate the TFP of Spanish manufacturing firms and study the impact of EU tariffs and the presence of foreign products and imports on TFP at the firm level. Applying the System-GMM method, we find that TFP is negatively impacted by European tariffs, whereas competition in the form of the increased presence of foreign products in the domestic market and firm imports leads to improvements in the TFP. Moreover, these two effects are complementary. We also find evidence of important asymmetries among firms depending on their involvement in foreign markets.
The first two obstructions to the freeness of arrangements

Abstract. In his previous paper the author characterized free arrangements bythe vanishing of cohomology modules of a certain sheaf of graded modules overa polynomial ring. Thus the homogeneous components of these cohomologymodules can be viewed as obstructions to the freeness of an arrangement. Inthis paper the first two obstructions are studied in detail. In particular thecomponent of degree zero of the first nontrivial cohomology module has a closerelation to formal arrangements and to the operation of truncation. This enablesus to prove that in dimension greater than two every free arrangement is formal and not a proper truncation of an essential arrangement. IntroductionIn this paper we develop further the ideas from [Y] where certain sheaf co-homology was applied to the theory of arrangements.Let V be an /-dimensional (/ > 2) vector space over an arbitrary field Kand sf an arrangement of « (n > 2) hyperplanes in V. For each H £ sfwe fix a linear functional aH £ V* such that kera// = 77. Let S = ®d>0Sdbe the graded symmetric algebra of V* and Der S = Der^S, S) the gradedS-module of derivations of S. The following graded submodule of Deri' wasintroduced by H. Terao [TI, T3] and studied in many papers on arrangements:D = D(s/) = {6 £ Der(S)\0(aH) £ SaH , H £ sf}. If the module D is freethen the arrangement sf is called free.Let Lo be the lattice of all intersections of hyperplanes from sf except
Moral panic, moral regulation and essentialization of identities: Discursive struggle over unethical business practices in the Finnish national media

The study sheds light on the language of moral panic and moral regulation in the Finnish news media over a 9-year period on the subject of cartels and cartel agreements. What makes the case particularly interesting is that the object of the most explicit moral panic was the introduction of new laws (leniency programmes) designed to regulate illegal cartel behaviour. The main argument is that the construction of both moral regulation and moral panic in news media takes place through essentializing discursive claims that contribute to national identity construction. The study contributes to current literature on moral panics as ideologico-discursive phenomena and throws some light on the power-laden discursive processes that work to reconstruct, essentialize and stabilize identities. In addition, there are some suggestions as to why some moral panics fail to develop.
Age consistency between exoplanet hosts and field stars

Transiting planets around stars are discovered mostly through photometric surveys. Unlike radial velocity surveys, photometric surveys do not tend to target slow rotators, inactive or metal-rich stars. Nevertheless, we suspect that observational biases could also impact transiting-planet hosts. This paper aims to evaluate how selection effects reflect on the evolutionary stage of both a limited sample of transiting-planet host stars (TPH) and a wider sample of planet-hosting stars detected through radial velocity analysis. Then, thanks to uniform derivation of stellar ages, a homogeneous comparison between exoplanet hosts and field star age distributions is developed. Stellar parameters have been computed through our custom-developed isochrone placement algorithm, according to PARSEC models. The notable aspects of our algorithm include the treatment of element diffusion, activity checks in terms of $\log{R'_{HK}}$ and $v\sin{i}$, and the evaluation of the stellar evolutionary speed in the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram in order to better constrain age. Working with TPH, the observational stellar mean density $\rho_{\star}$ allows us to compute stellar luminosity even if the distance is not available, by combining $\rho_{\star}$ with the spectroscopic $\log{g}$. The median value of the TPH ages is $\sim5$ Gyr. Even if this sample is not very large, however, the result is very similar to what we found for the sample of spectroscopic hosts, whose modal and median values are [3, 3.5) Gyr and $\sim4.8$ Gyr, respectively. Thus, these stellar samples suffer almost the same selection effects. We also conclude that the age of our Sun is consistent with the age distribution of solar neighbourhood MS stars with spectral types from late F to early K, regardless of whether they harbour planets or not. We considered the possibility that our selected samples are older than the average disc population.
When an Importer's Protection of IPR Interacts with an Exporter's Level of Technology: Comparing the Impacts on the Exports of the North and South

Using bilateral trade data of countries from 2000 to 2007, this paper contributes to the empirical literature on the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in global trade. The existing literature has focused on how IPRs in the destination country affect exports from a source country. In this paper, we add an additional dimension: the level of technology of the exporting country (LT). This is quite important for distinguishing the impact of IPRs on the exports of developed and developing countries, since the technology levels vary across countries at different stages of development and intellectual property rights better protect exports that are technologically advanced than exports that are imitative and potentially infringing. By factoring in the level of technology (LT), our empirical analysis makes the case that IPRs can act as barrier to exports from the South, especially the rapidly catching-up economies.
The First Mid-Blancan Occurrence of Agriotherium (Ursidae) in North America: a Record from Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho

Members of the subfamily Ursinae dispersed into North America from Africa and Asia during the Miocene, with the appearance of Ursavus (Schlosser, 1899), Indarctos (Pilgrim, 1913), and Agriotherium (Wagner, 1837) (Dalquest, 1986; Miller and Carranza-Castan�eda, 1996; Hunt, 1998). However, none of these genera were thought to have survived past the Hemphillian Land Mammal Age in North America. It is thought that these genera were replaced, and possibly out-competed, by members of the extant genus Ursus (Linnaeus, 1758), or Plionarctos (Frick, 1926), as suggested by several sources (Bjork, 1970; Dalquest, 1986; Bell et al., 2004). It has also been suggested that the Ursavini ( Agriotherium and Indarctos ) may have given rise to the extant ursids and the Tremarctinae (Harrison, 1983; Miller and Carranza-Castan�eda, 1996). Of the Ursavini, Agriotherium is consistently found in the Hemphillian Land Mammal Age, and so is used as an index fossil in that its absence is assumed to indicate that a site is Blancan rather than Hemphillian (Lundelius et al., 1987; Bell et al., 2004; Hunt, 2004). Agriotherium is the most widely distributed member of the Ursidae, and its fossils are known from approximately 20 localities in North America, including fossil sites in Arizona, California, Florida, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nevada, Nebraska, Texas, and Mexico. These sites range from approximately 6.0 to 4.6 Ma in age and all are considered mid-late Hemphillian (Tedford et al., 2004). The latest recorded occurrence of Agriotherium from North America was ∼4.8 to 4.6 million years ago from the Yepomera Fauna, Chihuahua, Mexico (Lindsay et al., 1984; Bell et al., 2004). However, middle to late Pliocene and Pleistocene specimens are known from Poland, China, Ukraine, and South Africa. The dentary of Agriotherium described in this paper from the Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument in Idaho is …
DETERMINANTS OF CONVENTION & CONFERENCE SITE SELECTION : THE POLISH EVENT PLANNERS ’ PERSPECTIVE

The paper presents results of research on Polish event planners. The overall purpose of the study is to investigate main destination selection variables Polish event planners consider important in destination selection process. The current research focused on the destination selection variables that event planners used for events they held in 2013. The research was based on structured interviews carried on in February 2013. The research group consisted of members of four leading MICE associations. Questions created for the survey were based on an extensive literature review and previous studies which concerned main destination attribute requirements. The findings of the study suggest that overall cost is important or extremely important for 81,8%, accessibility by air and by roads is important or extremely important for 87.4% respondents whereas 98,3% event planners find support services for events very important. The results of the study will help the destination marketing organizations as well as marketing professionals in hotel meeting facilities and convention centres better position their services and better understand event planners’ needs and requirements.
Effect of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and vitamin E on growth performance and body composition of Acipenser stellatus juveniles.

The improvement of fish growth performance and feed efficiency by using natural feed additives, as phytobiotics, has been widely used. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris), a well known aromatic plant, with strong antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, is one of the most commonly phytobiotics used in aquaculture. These properties, already demonstrated in case of terrestrial animal husbandry, recommend thyme for aquaculture industry, where it could be successfully used instead of commercial antibiotics. The aim of present study is to investigate the effects of thyme (1% thyme kg feed) in association with vitamin E (500 mg kg), on growth performance and body composition of different sevruga (Acipenser stellatus) fingerlings cohorts obtained by cross breeding of genitors with different origins (the Danube and aquaculture). The experiment was carried out in the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) of Aquaculture, Environmental Science and Cadastre Department, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, during a 5 weeks period. In order to emphasize the influence of the above mentioned immunostimulants on A. stellatus fingerlings with different genetic background, four experimental groups from different genitors (V1: ♀2 Danube x ♂1 aquaculture, V2: ♀1 Danube x ♂1 Danube, V3: ♀1 Danube x ♂2 aquaculture and V4: ♀2 Danube x ♂2 Danube) have been used. The obtained results showed that thyme, combined with vitamin E, have not generated different responses, in terms of growth performance and nutrient utilization, among A. stellatus fingerlings obtained from wild genitors, comparing with those obtained from aquaculture genitors.
Numerical evidence for thermohaline circulation reversals during the Maastrichtian

The sensitivity of the Maastrichtian thermohaline circulation to the opening/closing of marine communications between the Arctic and North Pacific oceans is investigated through a set of numerical experiments using the model CLIMBER‐2 (Earth Model of Intermediate Complexity). We show here that the opening or closing of an Arctic‐Pacific marine gateway induces transitions between different equilibrium states of the thermohaline circulation. Sensitivity tests of the inferred modes of thermohaline circulation to atmospheric CO2 level changes have also been explored. An abrupt switch in deep convection from high northern to high southern latitudes, a change consistent with isotopic evidences, is reproduced by our simulations. The switch is caused by a combination of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration and inflow in the North Pacific of low‐salinity Arctic waters when the Arctic‐Pacific marine gateway is opened. The state of the gateway (open/closed) may have changed rapidly through variations in sea level that have been inferred for the Maastrichtian period.
Structural Characteristics of T-PARC Typhoon Sinlaku during Its Extratropical Transition

AbstractThe structure and the environment of Typhoon Sinlaku (2008) were investigated during its life cycle in The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC). On 20 September 2008, during the transformation stage of Sinlaku’s extratropical transition (ET), research aircraft equipped with dual-Doppler radar and dropsondes documented the structure of the convection surrounding Sinlaku and low-level frontogenetical processes. The observational data obtained were assimilated with the recently developed Spline Analysis at Mesoscale Utilizing Radar and Aircraft Instrumentation (SAMURAI) software tool. The resulting analysis provides detailed insight into the ET system and allows specific features of the system to be identified, including deep convection, a stratiform precipitation region, warm- and cold-frontal structures, and a dry intrusion. The analysis offers valuable information about the interaction of the features identified within the trans.
Mineral profiles of powdered milk, yoghurt, ice cream and raw milk -

The present study was undertaken to update the dairy food composition database of Bangladesh by studying the minerals profile of important milk and milk products. Major minerals such as Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) and Phosphorus (P) contents of powdered milk, yoghurt, ice cream and raw milk of cows were investigated in this study. The research was conducted at the postgraduate laboratory of Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Na and K content were found by flame spectrophotometry method, Ca and Mg by EDTA titrimetric method and P by UV-visible spectrophotometric determination. One Way ANOVA (with ‘p’ values) was done by using statistical analytical software Stata 12. ANOVA was coupled with Tukey’s test that gives mean separation in case of significant difference among the samples. Concerning mean values, powdered milk contained the highest Na (3138.19 ppm), K (9394.47 ppm), Ca (7615.2 ppm), Mg (891.18 ppm) and P (11332.36 ppm), whereas, the lowest Na (93.09 ppm), K (463.39 ppm) and Ca (1362.72 ppm) were found in raw milk and the lowest Mg (267.35 ppm) and P (1673.99) were found in ice cream. Elemental composition varied significantly from product to product (p<0.05). From this study it could be concluded that major minerals are found highest in powdered milk and lowest in raw milk, whereas, yoghurt and ice cream contained intermediate level of minerals. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 294-297
Overbidding and Heterogeneous Behavior in Contest Experiments

We provide an overview of experimental literature on contests and point out the two main phenomena observed in most contest experiments: (i) overbidding relative to the standard Nash equilibrium prediction and (ii) heterogeneous behavior of ex-ante symmetric contestants. Based on the sample of contest experiments that we review, the median overbidding rate is 72%. We provide different explanations for the overbidding phenomenon, including bounded rationality, utility of winning, other-regarding preferences, probability distortion, and the shape of the payoff function. We also provide explanations for heterogeneous behavior of contestants based on differences in preferences towards winning, inequality, risk and losses, and demographic differences. Furthermore, we suggest mechanisms that can reduce overbidding and induce more homogeneous behavior. Finally, we discuss directions for future research.
Low-temperature chemistry between water and hydroxyl radicals: H/D isotopic effects

Sets of systematic laboratory experiments are presented – combining Ultra High Vacuum cryogenic and plasma-line deposition techniques – that allow us to compare H/D isotopic effects in the reaction of H2 O( D2O) ice with the hydroxyl radical OD (OH). The latter is known to play a key role as intermediate species in the solid-state formation of water on icy grains in space. The main finding of our work is that the reaction H2O + OD → OH + HDO occurs and that this may affect the HDO/H2O abundances in space. The opposite reaction D2O + OH → OD + HDO is much less effective, and also given the lower D2O abundances in space not expected to be of astronomical relevance. The experimental results are extended to the other four possible reactions between hydroxyl and water isotopes and are subsequently used as input for Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. This way we interpret our findings in an astronomical context, qualitatively testing the influence of the reaction rates.
Chemical composition of 24 wild species differing in relative growth rate

The chemical composition of 24 plant species which showed a three-fold range in potential growth rate was investigated. The carbon content of whole plants was lower for fast-growing species than for slow-growing ones. Fast-growing species accumulated more organic N-compounds, organic acids and minerals, whereas slow-growing species accumulated more (hemi)cellulose, insoluble sugars and lignin. No correlations with relative growth rate were found for soluble phenolics, soluble sugars and lipids. The costs to construct 1 g of plant biomass were rather similar for fast- and slow-growing species, both when expressed as C needed for C-skeletons, as glucose to provide ATP and NAD(P)H, and as total glucose costs. Therefore, we conclude that, despite the differences in chemical composition between fast- and slow-growing species, variation in the costs of synthesis of whole plant biomass cannot explain interspecific variation in relative growth rate of herbaceous species.
Discovery of ZZ cetis in detached white dwarf plus main-sequence binaries

We present the first results of a dedicated search for pulsating white dwarfs (WDs) in detached white dwarf plus main-sequence binaries. Candidate systems were selected from a catalogue of WD+MS binaries, based on the surface gravities and effective temperatures of the WDs. We observed a total of 26 systems using ULTRACAM mounted on ESO’s 3.5 m New Technology Telescope (NTT) at La Silla. Our photometric observations reveal pulsations in seven WDs of our sample, including the first pulsating white dwarf with a main-sequence companion in a post common envelope binary, SDSS J1136+0409. Asteroseismology of these new pulsating systems will provide crucial insight into how binary interactions, particularly the common envelope phase, affect the internal structure and evolution of WDs. In addition, our observations have revealed the partially eclipsing nature of one of our targets, SDSS J1223-0056.
Establishing some order amongst exact approximations of MCMCs

Exact approximations of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are a general emerging class of sampling algorithms. One of the main ideas behind exact approximations consists of replacing intractable quantities required to run standard MCMC algorithms, such as the target probability density in a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, with estimators. Perhaps surprisingly, such approximations lead to powerful algorithms which are exact in the sense that they are guaranteed to have correct limiting distributions. In this paper we discover a general framework which allows one to compare, or order, performance measures of two implementations of such algorithms. In particular, we establish an order with respect to the mean acceptance probability, the first autocorrelation coefficient, the asymptotic variance and the right spectral gap. The key notion to guarantee the ordering is that of the convex order between estimators used to implement the algorithms. We believe that our convex order condition is close to optimal, and this is supported by a counter-example which shows that a weaker variance order is not sufficient. The convex order plays a central role by allowing us to construct a martingale coupling which enables the comparison of performance measures of Markov chain with differing invariant distributions, contrary to existing results. We detail applications of our result by identifying extremal distributions within given classes of approximations, by showing that averaging replicas improves performance in a monotonic fashion and that stratification is guaranteed to improve performance for the standard implementation of the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) MCMC method.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of p-Laplace equations on a ball

For a class of equations generalizing the model case ∆pu− a(r)u p−1 + b(r)u = 0 in B, u = 0 on ∂B, where B is the unit ball in R, n ≥ 1, r = |x|, p, q > 1, and ∆p denotes the pLaplace operator, we give conditions for the existence and uniqueness of positive solution. In case n = 1, we give a more general result.
The Private Production of Safe Assets

Do claims on the private sector serve the role of safe assets? We answer this question using high-frequency panel data on prices and quantities of certificates of deposit (CD) and commercial paper (CP) issued in Europe. We show that only very short-term private securities benefit from a premium for safety. We then use several sources of variation to show that the issuance of short-term CDs strongly responds to measures of safety demand. The private production of safe assets is stronger for issuers with high credit worthiness, and breaks down during episodes of market stress. We conclude that even very short-term private assets are sensitive to changes in the information environment and should not be treated as equally safe at all times.