Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with oral hygiene practices among adults with systemic sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with oral hygiene practices in adults with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 178 dentate adults with SSc received an oral examination which included measurement of oral aperture, assessment of manual dexterity to perform oral hygiene, as well as completion of the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale and an oral health-related questionnaire. RESULTS Multivariable logistic regression modelling showed male, minority and high CES-D scores (i.e. clinically significant symptoms of depression) were associated with less likelihood of participants brushing teeth at least twice daily, but the presence of self-reported dry mouth symptoms increased the likelihood of toothbrushing. Having a dental visit in the past 12 months and use of an adapted flossing or interdental cleaning device were significantly associated with daily dental flossing; however, having difficulty flossing teeth reduced the likelihood of daily flossing. CONCLUSIONS Overall, demographic variables were strongly associated with toothbrushing frequency, whereas flossing self-efficacy and barriers were strongly associated with dental flossing frequency in adults with SSc. The results suggest that dental health professionals should take mental health into consideration when educating patients with SSc to improve their oral hygiene and consider making referrals for patients exhibiting suspected clinically significant depressive symptoms to mental health professionals for further evaluation and treatment. In addition, an appropriate adapted flossing or interdental cleaning device should be recommended to increase dental flossing practices in this patient population.
The end of OTMS and casualty slaughter: What does it mean to you and your clients?

Locomotion included cows that were lame for any reason (also included cows with recognised back injuries). Dystocia/down included cows that were recumbent after calving for different reasons but also uterine prolapse or tear. Digestive upsets included events like displaced abomasums, suspected traumatic reticuloperitonitis, weight loss with diarrhoea and vagal indigestion.Acute injuries included events like fractures and teat injuries. There might be some overlap between the categories as sometimes information given on the OTM22 form was limited and a diagnosis ante mortem is not always the same as post mortem findings.
TGF-β Regulates Airway Responses Via T Cells 1

Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and a Th2-type cytokine profile favoring IgE production. Beneficial effects of TGF-β and conflicting results regarding the role of Th1 cytokines have been reported from murine asthma models. In this study, we examined the T cell as a target cell of TGF-β-mediated immune regulation in a mouse model of asthma. We demonstrate that impairment of TGF-β signaling in T cells of transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative TGF-β type II receptor leads to a decrease in airway reactivity in a non-Ag-dependent model. Increased serum levels of IFN-γ can be detected in these animals. In contrast, after injection of OVA adsorbed to alum and challenge with OVA aerosol, transgenic animals show an increased airway reactivity and inflammation compared with those of wild-type animals. IL-13 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum as well as the number of inducible NO synthase-expressing cells in lung infiltrates were increased in transgenic animals. These results demonstrate an important role for TGF-β signaling in T cells in the regulation of airway responses and suggest that the beneficial effects observed for TGF-β in airway hyperreactivity and inflammation may be due to its regulatory effects on T cells.
Comparison of clinical and cone beam computed tomography measurements to diagnose furcation involvement.

AIM This study aimed to determine the degree of discrepancy between clinical measurement of furcation involvement (FI) and cone beam computed tomography image analysis of multirooted teeth. METHODS FI measurements obtained from clinical records were compared to CBCT images of the same teeth to determine the degree of discrepancy between CBCT FI grading and clinical FI grading. RESULTS Of the hundred and fifty-four sites analysed, 22% of FI measurements from probing and CBCT were in agreement. Fifty-eight percent of clinical FI recordings were overestimated, and 20% were underestimated when compared to CBCT analysis. CONCLUSION Clinical recording of FI is both over and underestimated compared to CBCT analysis. This was highest for probing recording grade I furcation involvement where it was highly overestimated. The occurrence of over and under estimation of FI will affect the assignment of prognosis to multirooted teeth, which can influence treatment planning for periodontal therapy and may result in inappropriate treatment.
Breast Feeding Practices Among Santals and Non- Santals of Orissa

Abstract The practice of breast feeding is almost universal. In the present investigation an attempt has beenmade to study the breast feeding practices among Santals and non-Santals of Mayurbhanj district of Orissa. 90 Santalmothers and 100 non-Santal (general castes) mothers were interviewed personally on breast feeding practices. Almost 37.78% of Santal babies and 48% of non-Santal babies were first put to breast within 6 hours after birth. And they werefirst put to breast (67.78% of Santal and 55% of non-Santal babies) as the first feeding. They were also seen puttingplain water, sweetened water and other liquids using spoon, katori and spoon etc. as the methods of feeding. Feedingwas mostly by demand whenever the baby cried. Majority of Santal mothers (53.13% ) did not give colostrum whereas66% of non-Santal mothers fed with colostrum. The number of feeding required per day is more at the initial stage ofthe child, decreased throughout the first year. Non-Santal mothers exhibit better feeding practices than the Santal.This may be due to social customs and beliefs. There should be proper encouragement to the Santals to breast feed thebaby. Mothers should not consider an alternative and authority should see that breast feeding practice is not erodedany way by socio-cultural development.
Health Assessment in Nursing

Weber and Kelley's "Health Assessment in Nursing" has evolved into a complete suite of products poised to help both the student and the instructor. In addition to a revised text, Lab Manual, and Handbook, this edition brings a complete online course and a brand-new head-to-toe assessment video. The text itself boasts an improved layout, a vibrant new art program, and four new chapters on pain assessment, nutritional assessment, spiritual assessment, and assessment of families using violence.
An epidemiological scoring system for tooth wear and dental erosive wear.

BACKGROUND The prevalence and severity of tooth wear and dental erosion is rising in children and there is no consensus about an index to be employed. AIM To assess the reliability of an epidemiological scoring system dental wear index (DWI) to measure tooth wear and dental erosive wear. DESIGN An epidemiological cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate and compare tooth wear and dental erosion using the dental wear index and erosion wear index (EWI). The study was conducted with randomised samples of 2,371 children aged between 4 years and 12 years selected from the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Records were used for calculating tooth wear and dental erosion; the incisal edge and canine cusp were excluded. RESULTS As the schoolchildren's ages increased the severity of primary tooth wear increased in canines (P = 0.0001, OR = 0.34) and molars (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.47) and erosion wear increased in incisal/occlusal (P = 0.0001, OR = 5.18) and molars (P = 0.0001, OR = 2.47). There was an increased prevalence of wear in the permanent teeth of older schoolchildren, particularly on the incisal/occlusal surfaces (P = 0.0001, OR = 7.03). CONCLUSION The prevalence of tooth wear and dental erosion increased as age increased in children. The epidemiological scoring system Dental Wear Index is able to measure both tooth wear and dental erosive wear. This index should be used to monitor the progression of non-carious lesions and to evaluate the levels of disease in the population.
Incidence of deep vein thrombosis in patients with fractures around hip joint : a prospective study

Post-operative deep vein thrombosis is believed to be rare in Asians. In this prospective study we investigated 112 consecutive patients, aged more than 40 years, who underwent surgery for fractures around hip joint. The color doppler ultrasound was used to detect thrombosis in proximal thigh veins. None of the patients received prophylaxis against DVT. We found a significant incidence of 19.6%, which makes a strong case for routine prophylaxis in all patients with risk factors undergoing hip fracture surgery.
The effect of oxygen limitation on antibiotic production and its relevance to screening for novel secondary metabolites

High throughput in screening programs is achieved by using small scale cultures. An unfortunate consequence of using small scale cultures is the inability to measure oxygen status. It is therefore not known how often oxygen limitation occurs in screens, nor what effect it might have on natural product diversity. This study investigates the effect of oxygen limitation on antibiotic production and assesses its relevance to screening for novel secondary metabolites. Dissolved oxygen tension was measured in shaken flasks and tubes with the novel use of a microprobe. Shake flask cultures of Saccharopolyspora erythraea and Amycolatopsis orientalis indicated that oxygen limitation has a place in screens provided that other nutrient limitations are also present. This finding was supported by a screen of 320 unknown actinomycetes performed in shaken tubes. Oxygen-limited batch fermenter cultures of S. erythraea and A. orientalis suggested that the stimulus for antibiotic production may be downregulation of growth. This suggestion was consistent with the low levels of erythromycin production in oxygen-limited chemostat cultures of S. erythraea. ATP was identified as a possible intracellular negative effector of antibiotic production. These findings suggest an antagonistic role for antibiotics in nature, and are a step towards rationalising screen designs. (C) Gavin John Clark 1993
Antifungal prescribing pattern and attitude towards the treatment of oral candidiasis among dentists in Jordan.

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude of Jordanian dentists towards the treatment of oral candidiasis and their current antifungal prescribing habits, shedding more light on the possible influence of their socio-professional factors on the pattern of prescribing and practice. METHODS A structured validated questionnaire was developed and tested; it was then emailed to a random sample of 600 Jordanian dental practitioners during the period of this cross-sectional survey. The questionnaire recorded practitioners' personal details and their attitude and prescribing of antifungal therapy for oral candidiasis. Statistical significance was based on probability values of <0.05 and was measured using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the influence of respondents' socio-professional factors on their attitude towards oral candidiasis. RESULTS Of the 423 questionnaires returned, only 330 were included. The attitude of respondents was significantly influenced by their experience [odds ratio (OR) = 0.14; P < 0.001] and workplace (OR = 4.70; P < 0.001). Nystatin was the most commonly prescribed antifungal agent (78.2%), followed by miconazole (62.4%), which was prescribed for topical use. Systemic antifungals were prescribed by 21.2% of respondents, with a significant (P < 0.05) association with the country in which their qualification was obtained. CONCLUSION The attitude towards the treatment of oral candidiasis is much better among the least-experienced dentists working in private practice. Nystatin and miconazole are the most popular choices of antifungal agents among Jordanian dentists.
การพัฒนาบันไดวิชาชีพทางการพยาบาล Nursing Career Ladder Development

การพฒนาบนไดวชาชพทางการพยาบาล มความสำคญตอการธำรงรกษาบคลากรทางการพยาบาลใหคงอยในระบบบรการพยาบาล และไดรบการยอมรบจากสหสาขาวชาชพ บทความวชาการนมวตถประสงคเพอนำเสนอแนวทางสรางบนไดวชาชพทางการพยาบาล โดยพจารณาจากระยะเวลาในการปฏบตงาน คณวฒทางการศกษา และสมรรถนะทางการพยาบาล เพอเปนขอกำหนดในการพจารณาความกาวหนาในวชาชพ และเตรยมความพรอมสการไดรบตำแหนงทสงขน ทงนบนไดวชาชพทางการพยาบาลควรมความสอดคลองกบโครงสรางองคกรพยาบาล และระเบยบขอบงคบของสภาการพยาบาล The development of a nursing career ladder is an important component of the nursing profession in order to maintain recognition and an adequate nursing workforce. The purpose of this article present to nursing career guideline. Be considered time in nursing service, education and core competency. This criteria are requirement for career advancement and prepare to higher position. The career ladder had link to nursing organizational structure and professional nursing regulations based on Nursing and Midwifery Council.
Internet Health Resources

Health seekers go online to become informed, to prepare for appointments and surgery, to share information, and to seek and provide support.We conducted an online canvassing of Internet users to find out in more detail the kinds of things they do online and the impact it has on their health care. From the nearly 2,000 responses we received, we can construct a detailed portrait of the many kinds of activities health seekers do online.Among other things, Internet users:- Search for health information at any time of the day or night. - Research a diagnosis or prescription. - Prepare for surgery or find out how best to recover from one. - Get tips from other caregivers and e-patients about dealing with a particular symptom. - Give and receive emotional support. - Keep family and friends informed of a loved one’s condition. - Find humor and even joy in a bad situation.
Characteristics of undergraduate dental students in Japan: English competency and willingness to study abroad.

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to acquire a deeper understanding of Japanese students' motivation to study abroad and to provide baseline information for nurturing globally-minding dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS Students from the first to the sixth year (n = 332), at the Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, were invited to participate in the study and were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire, written in Japanese. Self-reported English competency was assessed in four areas: reading; writing; speaking; and listening. Students were asked to score their competencies in these areas using a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS). Of the total eligible students, 312 (94%) participated. RESULTS The results of the study suggest that competency and confidence in the English language could be one of the biggest obstacles for students to study abroad. Students with an interest in studying abroad were highly motivated and studied English independently. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Japanese educational authorities and dental schools may need to consider a range of incentives and motivational strategies to nurture clinicians, educators and researchers who can function confidently in an increasingly borderless world. These could include increasing exposure to English language skills through mandatory lectures and seminars in English, increasing the range of inbound international students through student exchange programmes and encouraging students to develop and communicate with international colleagues. The Faculty of Dentistry at Tokyo Medical and Dental University has begun to increase exposure of students to English through the regular curriculum. Outcomes will be followed and evaluated.
INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE GENE POLYMORPHISM IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS

Background : The aim of this study is to analyze the association of TNF-α -1031 T > C polymorphism in the promoter region of TNF-α gene with CAD in a Pakistani population. For this study angiographically proven CAD patients (n = 80) and healthy control subjects (n = 80) were recruited. Methodology includes DNA extraction of blood samples and genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. The data analysis was done for statistical significance using student's t-test and chi-square test. Results : Among baseline characteristics hypertension (P = 0.01) and overweight (P = 0.01) were more prevalent in patients as compared to control group. Biochemical parameters including HDL-C (P = 0.01) and LDL-C (P = 0.03) were statistically significant among both groups. The mutant (C) allele polymorphism appears not to be associated with CAD (OR = 0.85; 95% 0.51 - 1.40; P value = 0.61). Conclusions : Our study concludes that there is no association of TNF-α -1031 T > C polymorphism with CAD. Considering the role of this polymorphism in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders specially coronary artery disease, this study should be extrapolated to other populations.
Portuguese self-reported oral-hygiene habits and oral status.

BACKGROUND Good oral health is essential for good general health and quality of life. In Portugal, there are few studies on oral-health habits and the population's perceptions of this behaviour. OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study was to characterise the Portuguese population's self-reported oral-health status, habits and perceptions, as well as their demands regarding national oral health-care services. METHODS A randomised group of 1,395 individuals, > 15 years of age, was selected as a representative sample of the Portuguese population. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, based on a structured questionnaire with closed and semi-closed questions. The data were submitted for statistical analysis using SPSS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A sample of 1,102 individuals answered the questionnaire. The great majority of the sample (97.6%) brushed their teeth daily, 70.3% had lost permanent teeth and 6.4% were edentulous. The loss of permanent teeth was statistically associated with poor oral-hygiene habits (P < 0.01). Moreover, 50.1% of the participants had experienced difficulty eating and/or drinking, 18% had felt ashamed of the appearance of their teeth and 69.3% had experienced toothache or gingival pain. A reduction in visits to a dentist in the previous 12 months was identified mainly for people from a lower social class (31.2%) and older people (29.4%). CONCLUSION Evidence suggests that oral diseases might be more prevalent in Portuguese adults than the European average. Efforts should be made to promote good oral-hygiene habits among older people and people from lower social classes.
The role of Herbal Medicine use in HIV/AIDS treatment

Herbal medicine use is becoming very popular in many countries especially in the western world, where public health safety has become a concern, especially its concomitant use with orthodox medicine. The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS pandemic coupled with the severe shortage of health personnel has compelled patients to develop coping mechanisms by adopting alternative sources of primary health care, one of which has been the use of herbal therapies. An integration of herbal medicine into the current medical curriculum will enable future physicians to communicate better with their patients on this evolving healthcare system. This review briefly examines the role of herbal medicine in HIV/AIDS treatment and management. It is hoped that this review will provide important and relevant information that will help policy makers to put in place control measures against the abuse of herbal therapy.
Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: definition, epidemiology, staging and clinical and radiological findings. A concise review.

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is a pernicious complication of radiation therapy for head and neck tumours. This article aims to provide an update on data related to the definition, epidemiology, staging, and clinical and radiological findings of ORN of the jaws. Using certain keywords, an electronic search was conducted spanning the period from January 1922 to April 2014 to identify the available related investigations. Pooled data were then analysed. ORN is described as exposed irradiated bone that fails to heal over a period of 3 months without evidence of persisting or recurrent tumour. The prevalence of ORN varies in the literature. Several staging or scoring systems of ORN have been proposed. Clinical findings include ulceration or necrosis of the mucosa with exposure of necrotic bone. Radiological findings are not evident in the early stages of ORN. Furthermore ORN may not be apparent in imaging even when the disease is advanced. Taking into account the severity of ORN and the difficulties in diagnosing it early and accurately, the clinician should be aware of this complex entity in order to prevent its appearance or the development of more severe complications.
Mechanisms of silver diamine fluoride on arresting caries: a literature review.

OBJECTIVE To review the evidence regarding the mechanisms of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for arresting caries. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the keywords silver diamine fluoride, and its alternative names, in seven databases: PubMed, Embase and Scopus (English); China National Knowledge Infrastructure (Chinese); Bilioteca Virtual em Saude (Portuguese); Biblioteca Virtual en Salud Espana (Spanish); and Ichushi-Web (Japanese). The titles and abstracts were screened. Full texts were retrieved for publications that studied mechanisms of actions of SDF, including its effects on remineralisation of carious lesions and on cariogenic bacteria. RESULTS A total of 1,123 publications were identified. Twenty-nine articles were included and they investigated the effect of SDF on cariogenic bacteria and dental hard tissues. Eleven studies investigated the antibacterial properties of SDF. They found that SDF was bactericidal to cariogenic bacteria, mainly Streptococcus mutans. It inhibited the growth of cariogenic biofilms on teeth. Twenty studies reported the remineralisation of demineralised enamel or dentine by SDF. They found that mineral loss of demineralised enamel and dentine was reduced after SDF treatment. A highly mineralised surface rich in calcium and phosphate was formed on arrested carious lesions. Four studies examined the effect of SDF on dentine collagen. They found that SDF inhibited collagenases (matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins) and protected dentine collagen from destruction. CONCLUSION SDF is a bactericidal agent and reduces the growth of cariogenic bacteria. It inhibits demineralisation and promotes the remineralisation of demineralised enamel and dentine. It also hampers degradation of the dentine collagen.
Advancements in diagnostic imaging for urothelial carcinoma

Voor patienten bij wie bloed in de urine met het blote oog is te zien, is een onderzoek met een CT-scan van nieren en urineleiders de beste keuze. Bij patienten bij wie het bloed alleen met een microscoop zichtbaar is kan worden volstaan met een echo. Evelyne Cauberg onderzocht de waarde van twee nieuwe optische technieken. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is een niet-invasieve optische techniek die informatie geeft over de diverse weefsellagen. OCT kon echter niet de ernst van de blaaskanker vaststellen. De detectie van tumoren verbeterde als de blaas werd geinspecteerd met blauw-groen licht (Narrow Band Imaging). Wanneer de uroloog tijdens operatieve verwijdering van blaastumoren gebruik maakt van dit licht, daalt het aantal patienten bij wie de kanker terugkeert.