Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title Differences between treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking participants in medication studies for alcoholism : do they matter ?

Background: Medication development for alcoholism typically includes experimental pharmacology studies with non-treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) paving the way for randomized controlled trials in treatment-seekers with AUD. Objectives: The goal of this study is to provide a direct comparison between AUD treatment-seeking research participants and non-treatment-seeking participants on demographic and clinical variables and to test whether variables that differentiate the two groups are associated with clinical outcomes. Method: Nontreatment-seeking AUD participants (n = 213; 76.3% male) who completed behavioral pharmacology studies were compared to treatment-seekers who completed the COMBINE Study (n = 1383; 69.1% male) on demographic and clinical variables. Analyses examined whether the variables that differentiated the two groups predicted treatment outcomes in the COMBINE Study. Results: Analyses revealed that treatment-seeking participants were older, had more years of education, higher Alcohol Dependence Scale scores, higher Drinker Inventory of Consequences scores, higher Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale scores, a greater number of DSM-IV symptoms of AUD, longer duration of AUD, and consumed more standard drinks and more drinks per drinking day (i.e., in the past 30 days) compared to non-treatment-seeking participants. Nearly all characteristics that differed between the groups predicted at least one of the primary clinical outcomes of the COMBINE Study. Conclusions: This study highlights a host of clinical and demographic factors that differ between non-treatment-seeking and treatment-seeking research participants and the clinical significance of these variables. Differences between samples should be considered and addressed in order to promote greater consilience across stages of medication development. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 4 November 2016 Revised 23 March 2017 Accepted 24 March 2017
Inequality and growth

Abstract The paper study cross country analysis for 18 countries to see the effects of gender inequality in education (human capita proxy), Labor force participation (employment proxy) and its impacts on constant growth of Gdp. The regressions are run individual country at a time. The approach is necessary and sufficient conditions to identify the determinants of inequality of each country and the effects on country’s growth from 1980 to 2010.The results Shaw that in most countries if we control the direct impacts of gender inequality like openness, pop-growth, and investment, the labor force participation female-male ratios have highest impacts on growth than others employment variables. The results also found out that education with secondary female-male ratios have greater impacts on growth compared to education with tertiary female-male ratios. Another important point to note is that in most of these 18 countries of the world their appeared a problems of collinearity in employment data. This is due to the facts that employment data’s are insufficient. Overall, the finding needs further research, but the final results after checking in sampling and outer sampling approaches is that educational impacts on growth is high except for only one employment variable(i.e. LFPFM) have the highest impacts on growth in most of the 18 countries in our analysis.
Pharmacogenetics of adverse cutaneous reactions to lamotrigine

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions include maculopapular exanthema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis and are a global public health problem associated with the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Lamotrigine (LTG) stands out among AEDs because it does not cause sedation and does not affect cognition. Cutaneous adverse reactions (cADRs) to LTG occur in patients carrying certain allele variants of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system; although infrequent, they are alarming because they put the life at risk and force discontinuation of the treatment. The fear of neurolo-gists to cADRs to LTG decreases its prescription despite its therapeutic advantages. Here, we review the allele variants of the HLA system that have been associated with cADRs to LTG in Mexican mestizos and other ethnic groups; identification of these variants would serve to select the patients that may be treated with LTG.
A survey on Tingley’s problem for operator algebras

We survey the most recent results on the extension of isometries between special subsets of the unit spheres of C *-algebras, von Neumann algebras, trace class operators, preduals of von Neumann algebras,and p-Schatten–von Neumann spaces, with special interest on Tingley’s problem.
Title Dynamic interactions of the cortical networks during thoughtsuppression

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Detection of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B from Antibiotic- Associated Diarrhea and Colitis in Iraqi children, by ELISA Test

7 Detection of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B from AntibioticAssociated Diarrhea and Colitis in Iraqi children, by ELISA Test Mona Turkey AL-Mossawei and Luma Yousif Mahdi Biology Department, College of Science for Women, Baghdad University, Iraq. E-mail: yousifnawar@yahoo.com Accepted: 24/2/2015 Summary This study focuses on diagnosis of Clostridium difficile causing Antibiotic – Associated diarrhea and colitis by Elisa method and to detect of C. difficile Toxin A and B in stool samples by Elisa test. Two hundred forty (240) stool samples were collected from children suffering from antibioticassociated diarrhea and Colitis cases at ages from after birth to 15 years old from Baghdad hospitals. Samples were taken during the period of first of June 2013 until the end of April 2014. In addition to that 80 samples from healthy children of the same age and sex as a control group. Clostridium difficile Toxin A and B in stool samples were detected. Results of this study indicated that females were more infected than males. Overall positivity was 21.25% in present studied group compared to controls (P<0.05). In conclusion, the majority percent from age <1year 15% and this percent decreased with the advance in age.
USArray Imaging of Continental Crust in the Conterminous United States

The thickness and bulk composition of continental crust provide important constraints on the evolution and dynamics of continents. Crustal mineralogy and thickness both may influence gravity anomalies, topographic elevation, and lithospheric strength, but prior to the inception of EarthScope's USArray, seismic measurements of crustal thickness and properties useful for inferring lithology are sparse. Here we improve upon a previously published methodology for joint inversion of Bouguer gravity anomalies and seismic receiver functions by using parameter space stacking of cross correlations of modeled synthetic and observed receiver functions instead of standard H‐κ amplitude stacking. The new method is applied to estimation of thickness and bulk seismic velocity ratio, vP/vS, of continental crust in the conterminous United States using USArray and other broadband network data. Crustal thickness variations are reasonably consistent with those found in other studies and show interesting relationships to the history of North American continental formation. Seismic velocity ratios derived in this study are more robust than in other analyses and hint at large‐scale variations in composition of continental crust. To interpret the results, we model the pressure‐/temperature‐dependent thermodynamics of mineral formation for various crustal chemistries, with and without volatile constituents. Our results suggest that hydration lowers bulk crustal vP/vS and density and releases heat in the shallow crust but absorbs heat in the lowermost crust (where plagioclase breaks down to pyroxene and garnet resulting in higher seismic velocity). Hence, vP/vS variations may provide a useful proxy for hydration state in the crust.
Gonadotoxic Potentials of Di-(2-Ethyl Hexyl) Phthalate in the Adult Male Wistar Rats

World health organization (WHO) estimates a global infertility prevalence rate of 10-15%, and 20-30% among Nigerians. Male factor constitutes about 40-50% of infertility cases. Phthalates as environmental pollutants (EPs) adversely affect differentiation and functions of reproductive system with intrauterine or neonatal exposures, predisposing to infertility later in life. This study, therefore, aimed at investigating the effect of oral di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on some gonadal functions and testicular histology in adult Wistar rats. Fourty (40) adult male Wistar rats weighing between 156-250g were randomised into 4 experimental groups A, B, C and D (n=10/group) and were orally treated daily with 0.02mg, 20mg, 200mg DEHP/kg respectively for 60 days. Fasting samples of semen, serum and testicular tissue were obtained for analysis on day 61. Results obtained were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and statistical analysis was done using one way Anova to test for significant differences in means. The results showed that relative to the control reference values, sperm count, total and active sperm motility, normal sperm morphology and serum testosterone concentration were significantly (p<0.05) reduced while sluggish sperm motility and abnormal morphology showed significant (p˂0.01) increases. Testicular tissue showed features of necrosis with abnormal cellular differentiation and aggregation, with haemorrhagic spots. The study has shown that DEHP induces gonadotoxicity in adult male rats, thereby potentiating male infertility. This implies that EPs are hazardous to reproductive health and hence, the need to reduce exposure to them, thereby substantially preventing male infertility
Feeding of twaite shad, Alosa fallax (Lacépède, 1803), during the upstream spawning migration in the River Ulla (NW Spain)

In order to contribute to a better understanding of feeding behaviour of adult twaite shad, Alosa fallax ,i n freshwater, we studied the stomach content composition of 147 A. fallax during their upstream spawning migration in the River Ulla (Galicia, NW Spain). The diet composition included 34 types of prey, aquatic invertebrates being the most important food. The present study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first record of A. fallax feeding on potamodromous Pseudochondrostoma duriense. Additional keywords: Alosa fallax, diet, Iberian Peninsula, piscivorous, Pseudochondrostoma duriense.
CONTRIBUTION OF SMALL HABITAT FRAGMENTS TO CONSERVATION OF INSECT COMMUNITIES OF GRASSLAND–CROPLAND LANDSCAPES

Habitat destruction and fragmentation of remaining habitat are major threats to global biodiversity. In this paper, we drew upon data from grassland butterflies, legume- feeding herbivores and their parasitoids, and the interactions between rape pollen beetles and their parasitoids in the agricultural landscapes of Germany to explore the following issues: (1) the relative importance of small habitat fragments for the conservation of bio- diversity (in contrast to the prevailing arguments in favor of large fragments); (2) the disruption of interspecific interactions in fragmented habitats; and (3) the relative impor- tance of the spatial arrangement of habitat fragments in landscapes of different complexity. The percentage of polyphagous butterfly species and their abundance were higher in small than in large calcareous grassland fragments, showing the relative importance of the landscape surrounding habitat fragments for less specialized species. A landscape per- spective is also needed to explain why several small fragments supported more butterfly species (even when only endangered species were considered) than the same area composed of only one or two fragments. Analyses of insects on legumes showed trophic-level dif- ferences, in that species numbers of parasitoids, but not of herbivores, benefited from habitat subdivision in landscapes. As percentage of parasitism (i.e., the strength of ecological interactions) increased with fragment area, both the ''several small'' and ''single large'' strategies appeared to have merit. An intermediate-fragmentation strategy of habitat con- servation in human-dominated landscapes may combine the advantages. Small habitat frag- ments should be scattered enough to cover a range of geographical area wide enough to maximize beta diversity and the spreading of risk, but with large habitat fragments close enough to enable dispersal among fragments, to reduce the extinction probability of area- sensitive species, and to stabilize predator-prey interactions. Parasitism of rape pollen beetles exhibited a distinct edge effect: it was higher near the crop field edge, i.e., near the parasitoids' overwintering sites (such as grassy strips). How- ever, this was only true in landscapes dominated by annual crops; in landscapes with a high percentage of permanent noncrop area ( .20%), such edge effects disappeared, pre- sumably because of the high overall density of these parasitoids. These data indicate that spatial configuration is important to mitigate extinction risks when habitat availability in a landscape is low, whereas no effect will be observed when overall area of habitat is high.
Estimates for the Navier–Stokes equations in the
half-space for nonlocalized data

This paper is devoted to the study of the Stokes and Navier-Stokes equations, in a half-space, for initial data in a class of locally uniform Lebesgue integrable functions, namely $L^q_{uloc,\sigma}(\R^d_+)$. We prove the analyticity of the Stokes semigroup $e^{-t{\bf A}}$ in $L^q_{uloc,\sigma}(\R^d_+)$ for $1<q\leq\infty$. This follows from the analysis of the Stokes resolvent problem for data in $L^q_{uloc,\sigma}(\R^d_+)$, $1<q\leq\infty$. We then prove bilinear estimates for the Oseen kernel, which enables to prove the existence of mild solutions. The three main original aspects of our contribution are: (i) the proof of Liouville theorems for the resolvent problem and the time dependent Stokes system under weak integrability conditions, (ii) the proof of pressure estimates in the half-space and (iii) the proof of a concentration result for blow-up solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. This concentration result improves a recent result by Li, Ozawa and Wang and provides a new proof.
PRODUCTIVITY DIFFERENCES BY EXPORT DESTINATION

This paper investigates differences in productivity by destination market of firms exports. The total factor productivity (TFP) is used as measure of productivity. The productivity differences by export destination are estimated using multilevel approach considering the first destination country of the firm’s exports as the second level group of the model. The analysis is based on a dataset that provides comparable cross-country data of manufacturing firms in seven European countries (Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom). The results are as follows. Productivity differs from market to market and, thus, it gives support to the expectations derived from Chaney’s model (2008). The estimates confirm that non-exporters are, on average, the less productive. On the contrary, the European firms that export to China and India register the highest positive difference. A positive difference also exists for firms that export to the USA and Canada. On the contrary, there is no relevant TFP difference for firms exporting to the EU-15 area. The difference is positive but slight for the Other Asian countries and Other EU countries, while it is negative for Other areas, Other non EU countries and Central and South America. Among firm-specific characteristics only size and sector membership help to explain the productivity differences by destination market and the role of size is by far the most dominant factor.
Effect of insecticide-treated trap logs and lure traps for Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) management on nontarget arthropods catching in Norway spruce stands

The numbers of nontarget arthropods captured by Theysohn pheromone traps (TPTs) and insecticide- treated tripod trap logs (TRIPODs) were compared; both kinds of traps were baited with pheromone lures Pheagr IT for Ips typographus. In 2010, 15 TPTs and 15 TRIPODs were deployed (with a 10-m spacing) in a forest in the north - eastern Czech Republic. The TPTs and TRIPODs were inspected weekly during the entire period of I. typographus flight activity (30 April-1 October). The TRIPODs were sprayed with Vaztak 10 SC insecticide every 7 weeks; at each spraying, the pheromone evaporators were renewed. Higher numbers of entomophagous arthropods, including the predacious beetles Thanasimus formicarius and T. femoralis, were captured by the TRIPODs than by the TPTs. The number of Thanasimus spp. captured by TRIPODs was especially high at the end of April. The efficacy of TRIPODs for the control of I. typographus could be maintained while the kill of nontarget organisms could be reduced by de - ploying the evaporators 1 week later (in early May rather than in late April) in relation to the recommended date of dispenser installation.
Valuing Conservation of Walia Ibex: An Application of Choice Experiment Valuation Method

For the purpose of valuing conservation of Walia Ibex, in this paper choice experiment environmental valuation technique is employed. 200 residents from Addis Ababa and 94 foreign visitors have been randomly chosen to reply to a CE survey questionnaire. Hence, four attributes; change in population size, change in listing status, funding mechanism and employment opportunity were taken along with a monetary attribute to describe various conservation management options. Furthermore, Random Parameters Logit model has been used to estimate the choice data set generated from the survey. The estimation result demonstrates that all the attributes are significant, except employment opportunity attribute in the case of visitors. Moreover, years of education and family size were found to significantly affect residents’ utility with positive and negative impacts respectively. Age is found to positively and significantly affect visitors’ utility for conservation improvements. The highest MWTP being accredited to change in listing status attribute for both the residents and visitors’, conservation practitioners are advised to focus on conservation elements improving listing status of the species. Keywords : Choice Experiment, Walia Ibex, Endangered, Conservation, non-use value, Ethiopia.
Clinical Outcome and Survival of Post-molar GTN Versus Non-molar GTN Patients

Background: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) can derive either from molar or non-molar pregnancy. Our primary objective is to compare clinical presentation and outcome of treatment of non-molar and post-molar GTN. Our secondary outcome is to evaluate and compare the prognostic factors of non-molar GTN compare to post-molar GTN in subgroup classification of GTN patients by stage and by low-risk and high-risk groups.Methods: Retrospective chart review of GTN patients treated from 2007 to 2016 was done. General characteristics, clinical data, treatment options and treatment outcomes were collected. The cases with missing significant data were excluded. Statistics analysis of the data was performed with SPSS version 22.0. Mean, mode, median and percent were used to present the data. Student t-test, Mann Whitney-U test and Kaplan Meier were used to analyze the data. The results were presented in Tables or graphs where appropriate. Results: Total of 71 GTN patients were recruited into the study. Fifty-one patients were post-molar GTN and 20 were non-molar GTN patients. The mean age of the patients was not different (p=0.25). Median duration from previous pregnancy and time to achieve remission were longer in non-molar GTN (292 days vs. 42 days and 163 vs. 64 days, respectively). Mortality rate of the non-molar GTN is higher that of the post-molar GTN (15% vs. 1.9%). Comparison of stage to stage showed no differences between the post-molar and the non-molar GTN. According to previous pregnancy type, post-abortion had higher resistant to treatment rate than post-term delivery.Conclusion: Non-molar GTN is different form post-molar GTN in several aspects, such as the duration from previous pregnancy, stage and score at diagnosis, treatment resistance and mortality rate. Comparison between the non-molar and post-molar GTN stage by stage and risk scores could not identify the difference between the two groups.