Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interfirm collaboration through interfirm networks

Abstract. Abstract. Since the late 1980s, interfirm (computer) networks have been diffusing very rapidly. They have not only been adopted by firms across the whole spectrum of sectors; the applications based on such networks have also been extended from routine transactions to strategically more important processes. Using recent evidence gathered from six in‐depth cases studies in the UK and a telephone‐based survey, this paper will illustrate how the development of interfirm networks has facilitated the emergence of new interfirm collaboration in strategic areas. The empirical evidence has been drawn from the retailing, motor manufacturing and electronics industries. To conclude, the paper will highlight several key issues that have emerged from the study, identify three layers of barriers to the development of interfirm networks, and outline a future research agenda.
Fulminant and fatal gas gangrene of the stomach in a healthy live liver donor

A 57‐year‐old male with a history of hypercholesterolemia and anxiety but otherwise in good health volunteered to donate the right lobe of his liver to his brother. The operation was performed uneventfully, without transfusion. Postoperatively he did well, until he developed tachycardia, profound hypotension, and coffee ground emesis on postoperative day 3. Despite resuscitative measures, he arrested and expired. Autopsy demonstrated gas gangrene of the stomach as the underlying cause of the hemorrhage and numerous colonies of Gram‐positive bacilli were identified. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis identified these bacteria to be Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) type D. This patient's death was devastating, both to his family and his medical team. The impact of his death has transcended that of an individual occurrence. In conclusion, herein we present the facts and discuss this extraordinary example of florid clostridial infection and toxin‐mediated shock. It was completely unexpected and probably unpreventable, and its cause was almost inconceivable. (Liver Transpl 2004;10:1315–1319.)
IN UTERO AND LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE IN DRINKING WATER: EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING DEER MICE AT POSTNATAL DAY 21

The effects of in utero and lactational exposure to ammonium perchlorate (AP), a component of rocket fuel and a thyroid toxicant, on developing deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ) were evaluated. Breeding pairs were dosed continuously with 0, 1 n M , 1 µ M , or 1 m M AP in drinking water, from cohabitation until pups were euthanized at postnatal day (PND) 21. Pups from the second litter were used for evaluation in this study. No significant differences were observed in any analysis performed when litter means were used in statistical analysis. All reported significant differences occurred when statistical analysis was performed on individual pup data. Body weights were significantly different between treatments at PND 5 and PND 20, with the 1-µ M body weights being lower than that of controls. Body weight and liver weight in the 1-m M group were significantly higher than the 1-µ M weights at PND 21 when analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). However, there were no significant differences in liver weights when analyzed with body weight as the covariate. Heart weights were significantly different between males and females. Male heart weights in the 1-µ M and 1-m M groups were significantly lower than in controls when analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with body weight as the covariate. Litter size and survival percentage were not significantly different among treatments. Although significant differences were observed only when the individual pup was used as the experimental unit, these data suggest that AP exposure at different concentrations may variably alter body weight and male heart weight during mammalian development.
Health services and policy research in the first decade at the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

BACKGROUND Health services and policy research is the innovation engine of a health care system. In 2000, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) was formed to foster the growth of all sciences that could improve health care. We evaluated trends in health services and policy research funding, in addition to determinants of funding success. METHODS All applications submitted to CIHR strategic and open operating grant competitions between 2001 and 2011 were included in our analysis. Age, sex, size of research team, critical mass, season, year and research discipline were retrieved from application information. A cohort of 4725 applicants successfully funded between 2001 and 2005 were followed for 5 years to evaluate predictors of continuous funding. Multivariate generalized estimating equation logistic regression was used to estimate predictors of funding success and sustained funding. RESULTS Between 2001 and 2011, 80 163 applications were submitted to open and strategic grant competitions. Over time, grant applications increased from 327 to 1137 per year, and annual funding increased from $12.6 to $48.0 million. Grant applications from young male researchers were more likely to be funded than those from female researchers (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.95), as were applications from larger research teams and institutions with a large critical mass. Only 24.0% of scientists whose first funded grant was in health services and policy research had sustained 5-year funding, compared with 52.8% of biomedical scientists (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.24-0.49). INTERPRETATION The CIHR has successfully increased the amount of health services and policy research in Canada. To enhance conditions for success, researchers should be encouraged to work in teams, request longer duration grants, resubmit unsuccessful applications and affiliate themselves with institutions with a greater critical mass.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of melanoma: a meta-analysis

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin, have emerged as potential chemopreventive agents for melanoma. However, the clinical studies have provided contradictory results as to whether NSAIDs reduce the risk of melanoma. Our aim was to assess this association through a detailed meta-analysis of the studies on the subject published in the peer-reviewed literature. Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science electronic databases up to July 2012. Reference lists from retrieved articles were also reviewed. Pooled relative risk (RR) estimates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the fixed-effects or the random-effects models on the basis of heterogeneity analysis. Subgroup analyses were carried out where data were available. Ten studies involving 490 322 participants contributed to the meta-analysis. The summary RR estimate on the basis of all studies did not indicate that overall NSAIDs use significantly decreases the risk of melanoma (RR=0.94; 95% CI, 0.86–1.03). The use of neither aspirin (RR=0.96; 95% CI, 0.89–1.03) nor nonaspirin NSAIDs (RR=1.05; 95% CI, 0.96–1.14) was associated with the risk of melanoma. Similar results were obtained in the subgroup analyses of cohort studies (RR=1.03; 95% CI, 0.95–1.13), high-intensity NSAID use (the highest dose of NSAID use reported by included studies, RR=1.05; 95% CI, 0.79–1.40), and long-term NSAID use (longest duration of NSAID use reported by included studies, RR=0.87; 95% CI, 0.66–1.14). However, a slight reduction in the risk of melanoma by taking NSAIDs was observed in case–control studies (RR=0.86; 95% CI, 0.80–0.93). In conclusion, the results of our meta-analysis did not indicate that the use of NSAIDs or aspirin is associated with the risk of melanoma. More and in-depth research should focus on those problems in the future.
The effect of stage of lactation on daily milk yield, and milk fat and protein content in Tsigai and Improved Valachian ewes

The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of stage of lactation on daily milk yield, and milk fat and protein content in Tsigai and Improved Valachian ewes. Breed lactation curves for daily milk yield, and milk fat and protein content were modelled as a sub-model of the three-trait animal model based on repeated test-day records that were collected by the Breeding Services of the Slovak Republic between 1995 and 2010. Data included 188403 (Tsigai) and 352094 (Improved Valachian) ewe’s performance records. Pedigree file included 35484 (Tsigai) and 66994 (Improved Valachian) animals with genetic ties to ewes with milk performance data. The fixed part of the model included parity, litter size and stage of lactation. The effect of days in milk (i.e. stage of lactation) was fitted using Ali and Schaeffer lactation curve. The random part of the model included flock-test day effect, direct additive genetic effect, and permanent environmental effect of ewe nested within lactation. Due to limited number of test-day records in the first and the eighth month of lactation and related difficulties in modelling milk traits in these phases of lactation, the lactation curves were plotted between days 30 and 210. During lactation period the daily milk yield curves were decreasing, while milk fat and protein content were increasing. Because of higher changes at the beginning of lactation balanced with higher changes at the end of lactation in Tsigai and smaller changes at the beginning of lactation balanced with smaller changes at the end of lactation in Improved Valachian, 150d milk yield and average milk fat and protein content were almost the same in both breeds.
Turkish chemistry teachers' views about an implementation of the active learning approaches in their lessons

Active learning is advocated as a better way of teaching for several decades in science education. The purpose of this study was to determine chemistry teachers’ thinking and views about student-centered activities applicable in chemistry teaching and learning in the study context. A case study approach was used in this research. At the beginning, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 10 chemistry teachers. Then, a questionnaire was developed based on the data obtained from the interviews. This questionnaire was implemented to 50 chemistry teachers in Amasya. Finally, a semi-structured observation chart was used in chemistry lessons to determine how these activities came true. In this way, the relation between teachers’ views about active learning techniques and their actual implementation of them were determined. The findings showed that although teachers are aware of student-centered chemistry instruction, they are still using traditional techniques widely in instruction. It was also found out that laboratories are physically insufficient in many cases and they do not have adequate equipments and chemical substances for performing properly the experiments. One of the reasons why teachers are not using these active learning techniques can be explained by the Student Selection Exam (OSS) done yearly to enroll students at Higher Education Institutions. Some suggestions were presented based on the results.
Modeling and testing comparison faults for ternary content addressable memories

This paper presents the comparison faults of TCAMs based on physical defects, such as shorts between two circuit nodes and transistor stuck-open and stuck-on faults. Accordingly, several comparison fault models are proposed. A March-like test algorithm for comparison faults is also proposed. The test algorithm only requires 4N Write operations, 3N Erase operations, and (4N+2B) Compare operations to cover 100% comparison faults for an N /spl times/ B-bit TCAM. Compared with the previous work, the proposed test algorithm has lower time complexity for TCAMs with wide words and the time complexity is independent of the number of stuck-on faults. Also, the algorithm can cover all defects that cause a failed Compare operation. Moreover, it can be realized by built-in self-test circuitry with lower area cost.
Comparative Analysis of Human and Rodent Brain Primary Neuronal Culture Spontaneous Activity Using Micro‐Electrode Array Technology

Electrical activity in embryonic brain tissue has typically been studied using Micro Electrode Array (MEA) technology to make dozens of simultaneous recordings from dissociated neuronal cultures, brain stem cell progenitors, or brain slices from fetal rodents. Although these rodent neuronal primary culture electrical properties are mostly investigated, it has not been yet established to what extent the electrical characteristics of rodent brain neuronal cultures can be generalized to those of humans. A direct comparison of spontaneous spiking activity between rodent and human primary neurons grown under the same in vitro conditions using MEA technology has never been carried out before and will be described in the present study. Human and rodent dissociated fetal brain neuronal cultures were established in‐vitro by culturing on a glass grid of 60 planar microelectrodes neurons under identical conditions. Three different cultures of human neurons were produced from tissue sourced from a single aborted fetus (at 16–18 gestational weeks) and these were compared with seven different cultures of embryonic rat neurons (at 18 gestational days) originally isolated from a single rat. The results show that the human and rodent cultures behaved significantly differently. Whereas the rodent cultures demonstrated robust spontaneous activation and network activity after only 10 days, the human cultures required nearly 40 days to achieve a substantially weaker level of electrical function. These results suggest that rat neuron preparations may yield inferences that do not necessarily transfer to humans. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 559–565, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
[Early postoperative complications in patients with Moyamoya disease--a comparison of inhaled anesthesia with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)].

BACKGROUND Moyamoya disease is a rare neurovascular disorder that requires special anesthetic managements during revascularization procedures. We have investigated the incidence of early postoperative complications under inhaled anesthesia in comparison with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) retrospectively. METHODS Seventy-two patients undergoing revascularization procedures were divided into two groups, one with inhaled anesthesia (n = 23) and the other with TIVA (n = 49). Surgical procedures were performed under normocapnia, proper body temperature, and all patients were prevented from anemia by homologous transfusion. To avoid the variance in anesthetic managements, 39 patients under 15 years of age were picked up and divided in the same way as above. Early postoperative complications including transient ischemic attack and cerebral infarction during the first 2 weeks after operation were investigated. RESULTS In all patients, early postoperative complications occurred in 48% of inhaled anesthesia group and in 49% of TIVA group. In patients under 15, these complications occurred in 44% and in 57%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two anesthetic groups. CONCLUSIONS Several previous studies reported the excellence of TIVA for revascularization procedure on the basis of regional blood flow because inhaled anesthesia may provoke intracerebral steal in moyamoya disease. Our investigation in this study revealed that both anesthetic methods have no significant difference in postoperative complications during the first 2 weeks after operation. Thus further study should be needed to verify the safety of inhalation anesthetics in patients with moyamoya disease.
Influence of different types of compression garments on exercise-induced muscle damage markers after a soccer match

ABSTRACT There is not enough evidence of positive effects of compression therapy on the recovery of soccer players after matches. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the influence of different types of compression garments in reducing exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) during recovery after a friendly soccer match. Eighteen semi-professional soccer players (24 ± 4.07 years, 177 ± 5 cm; 71.8 ± 6.28 kg and 22.73 ± 1.81 BMI) participated in this study. A two-stage crossover design was chosen. Participants acted as controls in one match and were assigned to an experimental group (compression stockings group, full-leg compression group, shorts group) in the other match. Participants in experimental groups played the match wearing the assigned compression garments, which were also worn in the 3 days post-match, for 7 h each day. Results showed a positive, but not significant, effect of compression garments on attenuating EIMD biomarkers response, and inflammatory and perceptual responses suggest that compression may improve physiological and psychological recovery.
Magnet Segmentation for Commutation Torque Ripple Reduction in a Brushless DC Motor Drive

We present a new brushless DC motor (BDCM) design based on a model elaborated from a finite-element method associated to controller circuit equations represented in a Matlab-Simulink environment. The simulation model takes into account the commutation period effect and is based on the true system design implementation. The simulation results show that there is an effect between this commutation (a major source of torque ripple) and appropriate permanent-magnet segmentation design, particularly when the angle of advance between the back-electromotive force (EMF) and the current is adequately set. Current control strategies are found limited and may require complex implementation. Concentration on back-EMF and ultimately on permanent-magnet design are interesting aspects of torque ripple as well as rotor losses over wide speed range. After validation of the simulation model using an experimental kit set for the purpose, we perform an optimization procedure based on an indirect coupled field circuit approach that has led to an optimal design for which the torque ripple is minimal (less than 6%). An analytical design provided support for the study. The new design shows a lower cogging torque. Overall, the new design helps to provide a low-cost BDCM system for many applications using a simple square wave circuit controller.
Identification of Evening Complex Associated Proteins in Arabidopsis by Affinity Purification and Mass Spectrometry*

Many species possess an endogenous circadian clock to synchronize internal physiology with an oscillating external environment. In plants, the circadian clock coordinates growth, metabolism and development over daily and seasonal time scales. Many proteins in the circadian network form oscillating complexes that temporally regulate myriad processes, including signal transduction, transcription, protein degradation and post-translational modification. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a tripartite complex composed of EARLY FLOWERING 4 (ELF4), EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), and LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX), named the evening complex, modulates daily rhythms in gene expression and growth through transcriptional regulation. However, little is known about the physical interactions that connect the circadian system to other pathways. We used affinity purification and mass spectrometry (AP-MS) methods to identify proteins that associate with the evening complex in A. thaliana. New connections within the circadian network as well as to light signaling pathways were identified, including linkages between the evening complex, TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1 (TOC1), TIME FOR COFFEE (TIC), all phytochromes and TANDEM ZINC KNUCKLE/PLUS3 (TZP). Coupling genetic mutation with affinity purifications tested the roles of phytochrome B (phyB), EARLY FLOWERING 4, and EARLY FLOWERING 3 as nodes connecting the evening complex to clock and light signaling pathways. These experiments establish a hierarchical association between pathways and indicate direct and indirect interactions. Specifically, the results suggested that EARLY FLOWERING 3 and phytochrome B act as hubs connecting the clock and red light signaling pathways. Finally, we characterized a clade of associated nuclear kinases that regulate circadian rhythms, growth, and flowering in A. thaliana. Coupling mass spectrometry and genetics is a powerful method to rapidly and directly identify novel components and connections within and between complex signaling pathways.
The Faraday resonance of interfacial waves in weakly viscous fluids

The Faraday resonance of interfacial waves in a two-layer, weakly-viscous system in a rectangular domain is presented. A perturbation analysis is pursued and, at the second-order, the scaling of the viscosity results in boundary layer corrections at the solid walls and at the interface. Special attention is paid to the damping in the meniscus region where the interface contacts the side-walls. As a result of the presence of both destabilizing effects ~vertical oscillation! and stabilizing effects ~viscosity! , a threshold condition for instability is determined. The derived analytic results are quite general and prove useful in elucidating the influences of the various boundary layers, as well as the threshold for growth. In an effort to describe the maximum amplitude attained by the resonated wave, a third-order analysis is then presented for the idealized case of equal-depth, inviscid layers, with a rigid-lid condition at the free surface. A balance between cubic nonlinearity and the vertical shaking yields a Landau-type equation for the interfacial wave amplitude. Comparisons with some existing experimental data are made at both orders and indicate very good agreement. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1425846 #
The SCOFF questionnaire was less sensitive but more specific than the ESP for detecting eating disorders

(2003) J Gen Intern Med 18, 53. Cotton MA, Ball C, Robinson P. . Four simple questions can help screen for eating disorders. ; . : . –6 . [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTION: Are the SCOFF questionnaire and the new Eating disorder Screen for Primary care (ESP) accurate for detecting eating disorders in university students and primary care patients? Blinded comparison of the SCOFF and ESP with results from the Questionnaire for Eating Disorder Diagnosis (Q-EDD)(diagnostic standard). A large college at the University of London and a primary care clinic in London, UK. 233 participants (129 university students and 104 primary care patients). Exclusion criteria were age 65 years, inability to read English or give valid consent, or chronic illness that might result in a body mass index <20.1. A psychiatrist interviewed each participant using the ESP and then the SCOFF … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Bgeneral%2Binternal%2Bmedicine%2B%253A%2B%2Bofficial%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Bthe%2BSociety%2Bfor%2BResearch%2Band%2BEducation%2Bin%2BPrimary%2BCare%2BInternal%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BGen%2BIntern%2BMed%26rft.aulast%253DCotton%26rft.auinit1%253DM. %2BA. %26rft.volume%253D18%26rft.issue%253D1%26rft.spage%253D53%26rft.epage%253D56%26rft.atitle%253DFour%2Bsimple%2Bquestions%2Bcan%2Bhelp%2Bscreen%2Bfor%2Beating%2Bdisorders. %26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1046%252Fj.1525-1497.2003. 20374.x%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12534764%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003. 20374.x&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=12534764&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F6%2F4%2F118.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=000180352600008&link_type=ISI