Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a porcine model for associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for a staged hepatectomy.

BACKGROUND Publications using the ALPPS (associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for a staged hepatectomy) procedure have demonstrated a future liver remnant growth of 40-160% in only 6-9 days. The present study aimed to develop and describe the first large animal model of ALPPS that can be used for future studies. METHODS A total of 13 female domestic pigs underwent ALPPS stage 1 (portal vein division and parenchymal transection) followed by ALPPS stage 2 (completion left-extended hepatectomy) 7 days later. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan was performed immediately prior to ALPPS stage 1 surgery and again 7 days later to assess hypertrophy immediately prior to ALPPS stage 2 surgery. Blood samples, as well as tissue analysis for Ki-67, were performed. RESULTS On CT volumetric analysis, the mean size of the future liver remnant (FLR) prior to ALPPS stage 1 was 21 ± 2% and 40 ± 6% prior to ALPPS stage 2. The median degree of growth was 75% with a mean kinetic growth rate of 11% per day. Liver weights at autopsy correlated well with CT volumetric analysis (r = 0.87). There was no significant difference in mean lab values [asparate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), ammonia, International Normalized Ratio (INR) or bilirubin] from baseline until immediately prior to ALPPS stage 2. Post ALPPS stage 2 there was a significant increase in INR from baseline 1.1 to 1.6 (P = 0.012). No post-operative deaths secondary to liver failure were observed. CONCLUSION The present study describes the first reproducible large animal model of the ALPPS procedure. The degree of liver growth and the kinetic rate of growth were similar to that which has been demonstrated in human publications. This model will be valuable as future laboratory studies are performed.
Ethyl 2-(2,6-difluorobenzyloxy)-4-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)quinoline-3-carboxylate

In the title compound, C25H21F2N3O5, the pyrimidine and difluorobenzyloxy rings are twisted away from the central quinoline ring system, making dihedral angles of 54.6 (1) and 74.1 (1)°, respectively. A weak C—H⋯O interaction links symmetry-related molecules, forming a pseudo-dimer. π–π interactions between the quinoline rings of symmetry-related molecules [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5479 (10) Å] link these dimers into chains parallel to [101]. Weak C—H⋯π interactions join adjacent chains, forming a two-dimensional layer parallel to (101).
Looking the part (to me): effects of racial prototypicality on race perception vary by prejudice

Abstract Less racially prototypic faces elicit more category competition during race categorization. Top-down factors (e.g. stereotypes), however, affect categorizations, suggesting racial prototypicality may enhance category competition in certain perceivers. Here, we examined how prejudice affects race category competition and stabilization when perceiving faces varying in racial prototypicality. Prototypically low vs high Black relative to White faces elicited more category competition and slower response latencies during categorization (Experiment 1), suggesting a pronounced racial prototypicality effect on minority race categorization. However, prejudice predicted the extent of category competition between prototypically low vs high Black faces. Suggesting more response conflict toward less prototypic Black vs White faces, anterior cingulate cortex activity increased toward Black vs White faces as they decreased in racial prototypicality, with prejudice positively predicting this difference (Experiment 2). These findings extend the literature on racial prototypicality and categorization by showing that relative prejudice tempers the extent of category competition and response conflict engaged when initially perceiving faces.
Oncocytic Angiomyolipoma of the Kidney: A Case Report

We describe a case of oncocytic angiomyolipoma composed of polygonal eosinophilic cells, that shares many features with renal oncocytoma. It was composed of alveolar structures, with accumulation of foamy histiocyte-like cells surrounding large glob ules of acellular, nonfibrillary, densely eosinophilic basal membrane-like substance. Immunohistochemically, there was focal reactivity for HMB45 and negativity for the epithelial markers. Oncocytic angiomyolipoma lacks the atypical features of the re cently described epithelioid variant of angiomyolipoma. None of the reported cases have been associated with tuberous sclerosis
High Frequency Statistical Arbitrage with Kalman Filter and Markov Chain Monte Carlo by Han Xu

Statistical arbitrage, or sometimes called pairs trading, is an investment strategy which exploits the historical price relationships between two or several assets and profits from relative mispricing. It has a long history in hedge fund industry and variates of this kind of strategies are still profitable nowadays. The idea is simple and the source of the profit has support from fundamentals in economics and pricing theories. However, there are still many difficulties in implementing and testing such strategies in real life, which include how to select pairs, how to estimate hedge ratio, when to enter, when to exit and etc. Due to its proprietary nature, there is very few literature on this subject. This thesis is an attempt to demystify statistical arbitrage in high-frequency settings, using freely available data of Chinese commodity futures. This thesis introduces and discusses the existing research done on this subject. Also, with the help of advanced statistical inference approaches for treating time series, this thesis proposed a new model which generalizes the entire process of creating a profitable statistical arbitrage trading strategy for a given market. Several different approaches are implemented and their simulated performances in the Chinese commodity future market are compared horizontally. Unlike much other existing literature, transaction costs and market frictions have been considered thoroughly in order to make the research result more meaningful. Empirical results show that our new model delivers very competitive performance in online hedge ratio estimation.
Antioxidant and in vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity of Muntingia calaburaleaves extracts

The present investigation, describes the phytochemical analysis, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic property of Muntingia calabura leaves extracts along with estimate the inorganic components of the leaves. The inorganic components present in the leaves were estimated by Narendhirakannan method. Total phenolic and flavonoid content in the extracts were estimated by Singleton and Zhishen method. Four complementary assays, total reductive power, total antioxidant activity, 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and metal chelating ability for ferrous ions were used to screen the antioxidant property of extracts and anti-hyperglycemic activity of extracts was screened in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induced type II diabetic in rat model. Ethanolic extract of leaves revealed the presence of high phenolic (33.33±0.13μg GAE/mg) and flavonoid (123.31±0.54μg CHE/mg) content. All extracts showed significant antioxidant activity in correlation to phytoconstituents of the extracts. Results showed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts exhibited a higher antioxidant activity, while the chloroform and petroleum ether extracts was the least. Treatment of Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induced type II diabetic rats with extracts caused significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level in a dose dependent manner. All the crude extracts showed dose dependent antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic activity, capable of offering protection against free radical mediated damages
Complete nucleotide mtDNA sequence of Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia)

In this report we describe the complete sequence of the mtDNA genome of Ammotragus lervia (Barbary sheep or aoudad) as obtained by PCR and sequencing with primer walking using flanking sequences. The molecule is 16,530 base pairs in length, resulting similar to those of goat and sheep. The genome organization matches to those of other mammalian mitochondrial genomes. The phylogenetic position of the Ammotragus relative to twelve other mammalian species was assessed based on protein-coding sequences. A goat-aoudad split of 9.9–8.9 MYBP has been estimated, whereas the divergence ancestor/caprines was dated at 12.1–10.8 MYBP.
Further evidence for the diagnostic continuity between child and adolescent ADHD

Objective: To determine if there are differences In the clinical expression and correlates of ADHD between children and adolescents. Method: Subjects were 811 boys and girls aged 6 to 17 with ADHD, and 132 gender- and age-matched controls. Blind raters, using DSM-111-R structured diagnostic interviews and psychometric measures, assessed psychiatric diagnoses, intellectual performance, social disability, and school failure. Results: Children and adolescents with ADHD had very similar patterns of outcome in multiple domains of assessment, including comorbidity with conduct, mood and anxiety disorders, and school functioning. There was some evidence that the rate of ODD was greater in adolescents compared to children, and that this difference was greater in the control sample. Conclusions: These findings document the diagnostic continuity of ADHD between childhood and adolescence and support the inclusion of adolescent samples in ADHD research protocols.
Finite-time stability of linear time-varying systems with jumps: Analysis and controller design

This paper deals with the finite-time stability problem for continuous-time linear time-varying systems with finite jumps. This class of systems arises in many practical applications and includes, as particular cases, impulsive systems and sampled-data control systems. The paper provides a necessary and sufficient condition for finite-time stability, requiring a test on the state transition matrix of the system under consideration, and a sufficient condition involving two coupled differential/difference linear matrix inequalities. The sufficient condition turns out to be more efficient from the computational point of view. Moreover, it is the starting point for solving the stabilization problem, namely for finding a state feedback controller which finite-time stabilizes the closed loop system. Some examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Structural plasticity with preserved topology in the postsynaptic protein network

The size, shape, and molecular arrangement of the postsynaptic density (PSD) determine the function of excitatory synapses in the brain. Here, we directly measured the internal dynamics of scaffold proteins within single living PSDs, focusing on the principal scaffold protein PSD-95. We found that individual PSDs undergo rapid, continuous changes in morphology driven by the actin cytoskeleton and regulated by synaptic activity. This structural plasticity is accompanied by rapid fluctuations in internal scaffold density over submicron distances. Using targeted photobleaching and photoactivation of PSD subregions, we show that PSD-95 is nearly immobile within the PSD, and PSD subdomains can be maintained over long periods. We propose a flexible matrix model of the PSD based on stable molecular positioning of PSD-95 scaffolds.
Purpura fulminans: a rare presentation of a common disease

Malaria is a common health problem in India and contributes about 80% of the total cases in South East Asia. Falciparum malaria is known for its various complications, including cerebral malaria, severe anaemia, acute renal failure, acute lung injury, jaundice (and hepatic involvement), hypoglycaemia and circulatory collapse. We hereby report on a young male who was suffering from complicated falciparum malaria, and had purpura fulminans along with laboratory features suggestive of disseminated intravascular coagulation. He was treated with intravenous (IV) artesunate, low molecular weight heparin followed by warfarin in addition to IV fluids to which he showed gradual response. We have presented this case to make others vigilant enough to suspect malaria in differential diagnosis of purpura fulminans.
Distinct RIG-I and MDA5 Signaling by RNA Viruses in Innate Immunity

ABSTRACT Alpha/beta interferon immune defenses are essential for resistance to viruses and can be triggered through the actions of the cytoplasmic helicases retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5). Signaling by each is initiated by the recognition of viral products such as RNA and occurs through downstream interaction with the IPS-1 adaptor protein. We directly compared the innate immune signaling requirements of representative viruses of the Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Reoviridae for RIG-I, MDA5, and interferon promoter-stimulating factor 1 (IPS-1). In cultured fibroblasts, IPS-1 was essential for innate immune signaling of downstream interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and interferon-stimulated gene expression, but the requirements for RIG-I and MDA5 were variable. Each was individually dispensable for signaling triggered by reovirus and dengue virus, whereas RIG-I was essential for signaling by influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus. Functional genomics analyses identified cellular genes triggered during influenza A virus infection whose expression was strictly dependent on RIG-I and which are involved in processes of innate or adaptive immunity, apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and inflammation associated with the host response to contemporary and pandemic strains of influenza virus. These results define IPS-1-dependent signaling as an essential feature of host immunity to RNA virus infection. Our observations further demonstrate differential and redundant roles for RIG-I and MDA5 in pathogen recognition and innate immune signaling that may reflect unique and shared biologic properties of RNA viruses whose differential triggering and control of gene expression may impact pathogenesis and infection.
Patients' Need for Information Prior to Colonic Surgery

Perioperative information and communication between patients and health professionals is central to the quality of care and patient involvement for elective colon surgery. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) means that the care process is accelerated with comprehensive information and additional requirements on an individual. The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' and doctors' experience of patients' need for information before intraoperative care. Nurses (n = 39) with different specialties and professional experience were interviewed in focus groups. Ten anesthesiologists with differing professional experience were interviewed individually. Data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The result shows the need to provide information to reduce anxiety, to make the patient feel safe, to explain postoperative pain management, and to provide a comprehensive care pathway. There was no difference between the informants' perception of patients' information needs. All respondents agreed that patients generally have a great need for information. The perioperative information should be repeated at different points in time. The patients' need for information on diagnosis is recurrent. Knowledge, good communication, and attitude from a multiprofessional perspective support the patient's feeling comfortable and involved in the care prior to surgery.
Aeromagnetic Compensation in Gradiometry—Performance, Model Stability, and Robustness

Aeromagnetic compensation plays an important role in airborne magnetometry, and in particular, in gradiometer systems. Compensation deals with the modeling and elimination of interference effects generated by the maneuvering of the aircraft flying in the Earth's magnetic field. This letter discusses robustness and stability measures for the compensation model, and provides a perspective on the range of performance levels achieved in the compensation of typical gradiometer systems. While the vast majority of all commercial airborne magnetic work is carried out using optically-pumped magnetometers, the continuing advances in the adaptation of full-tensor superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) gradiometer technology to airborne exploration further emphasizes the importance of establishing systematic methods to evaluate the performance of compensation models.
Smooth pursuit development in infants.

PURPOSE We set out to assess the development of pursuit eye movements in normal infants in an objective, longitudinal fashion. We asked whether smooth pursuit (SP) was present under 2 months of age and how the saccade ratio changed with increasing infant age. METHODS Smooth pursuit was recorded longitudinally from 25 infants aged 1-7 months, using DC electro-oculography, in a clinically practical manner. Four uninstructed adults acted as controls. RESULTS Smooth pursuit was present under 2 months of age. The gain of SP increased with increasing infant age. However, it had still not reached adult levels by 6 months of age. Latency decreased with increasing infant age. Monocular SP asymmetry was present in the younger infants. CONCLUSIONS Smooth pursuit is present under 2 months of age, but at 6 months SP has still not reached adult levels. The traditional model of SP development is questionable.
Transfer of Thymidine Kinase to Thymidine Kinaseless L Cells by Infection with Ultraviolet-Irradiated Herpes Simplex Virus

L cells lacking thymidine kinase (TK) activity (Ltk− cells) have been stably transformed to a TK-positive phenotype by infection with ultraviolet-irradiated herpes simplex virus (HSV-UV). The highest frequency of the Ltk− to Ltk+ transformation observed in these experiments was approximately 10−3, whereas no measurable transformation was observed (less than 10−8) in the absence of HSV-UV infection. Cell lines of HSV-transformed Ltk+ cell lines contain 7 to 24 times as much TK activity as do the parental Ltk− cells, and they have been maintained in culture for a period exceeding 8 months. The kinetics of thermal inactivation of the TK activity derived from an Ltk+ HSV-transformed cell line and the TK activity from Ltk− cells lytically infected with infectious HSV are similar. Both of these TK activities are much more thermolabile than the TK activity present in wild-type L cells. A mutant strain of HSV which does not induce TK activity during lytic infection does not cause the Ltk− to Ltk+ transformation. These data suggest that either an HSV TK gene has been transferred to Ltk− cells or that an HSV gene product has caused the expression of a previously repressed cellular enzyme.
Wondering at the Natural Fecundity of Things: Essays in Honor of Alan Prince

Languages are replete with cases of lexical allomorphy. Their characteristic property is that the distribution of allomorphs is explicable on general phonological grounds, but no actual phonological rule exists in the grammar of the language that would derive both from the same underlying representation. In this note, we take up the two cases mentioned above, the historically matured allomorphy of the Latin noun-forming endings and the newly emerging allomorphy of the plurality marker in Japanese loanwords. From a variety of evidence characterized as ‘prosodic trapping’, Mester 1994 argues that the optimal foot structure of Latin is the bimoraic balanced trochee, (’LL) (two light syllables) or (’H) (one heavy syllable). Crucially, in a quantitative system, the unbalanced (’HL) and (’LH) do not qualify as trochees, and neither does (’L). In this restricted foot inventory, light syllables are often prosodically trapped initially: #L(H). , and medially between heavy syllables: . (H)L(H).
Clinical and hematological manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis in Yemeni children.

OBJECTIVE In southeast Yemen, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in Lahj and Abyan and also in Hagga and Sadah, the areas lacking adequate diagnostic facilities. This study describes the clinical and hematological features in 64 cases of childhood VL. METHODS All children below 12 years of age who were managed as inpatient cases from 1 January to 31 December 2005 were included in this study. The diagnosis of VL was established by demonstration of leishmania parasites in bone marrow aspiration. Demographic information, physical signs at presentation and results of complete blood count were recorded and bone marrow aspirations were done for LD bodies. RESULTS Mean age of the patients was 30 months, and there were 33 females and 31 males. Fever was seen in 100% of children with duration before diagnosis of 56 days. Splenomegaly was present in all cases and hepatomegaly in 84.4%, with mean enlargement of spleen and liver of 9.3 and 3.5 cm, respectively. Mean hemoglobin level, white blood cell and platelet counts were 6.6 g/dl, 3.58x109 /L and 71.7x109 /L, respectively. Absolute neutrophil count was <0.78x109 /L and mean reticulocyte count was 1.7%. CONCLUSION Fever, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia were the most common clinical and hematological manifestations in Yemeni children with VL.
Application of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography in Imaging of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: A Comparative Analysis With 3T MRI.

CONTEXT Delayed onset muscle soreness is one of the most common reasons for impaired muscle performance in sports and is associated with reduced muscle strength and frequently observed both in professional and recreational athletes. OBJECTIVE To emphasize the diagnostic value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) in imaging of delayed onset muscle soreness by comparing findings with high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging T2-weighted sequences. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Laboratory environment. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen healthy students (7 females and 8 males; mean [SD]: age 24 [4] y, height 178 [10] cm, body weight 67 [12] kg). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ARFI values, represented as shear wave velocities of the gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle, as well as conventional ultrasound, high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging, creatine kinase activity, extension range of the ankle joint, calf circumference, and muscle soreness were assessed before (baseline) and 60 hours after (postintervention) a standardized eccentric exercise. RESULTS ARFI shear wave velocity values of the gastrocnemius muscle revealed a statistically significant decrease of 19.1% between baseline (2.2 [0.26] m/s) and postintervention (1.78 [0.24] m/s); P = . 01. At follow-up, the magnetic resonance imaging investigations showed intramuscular edema for the gastrocnemius muscle in all participants corresponding to a significant raise in T2 signal intensity (P = .001) and in T2-time values (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS ARFI elastography seems to be an additional sensitive diagnostic modality in the diagnostic workup of delayed onset muscle soreness. Intramuscular shear wave velocities could represent an additional imaging marker for the assessment and monitoring of ultrastructural muscle injuries and therefore be helpful for individual training composition in elite sports.