Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fiscal Policy and Default Risk in Emerging Markets

Emerging market economies typically exhibit a procyclical fiscal policy: public expenditures rise (fall) in economic expansions (recessions), whereas tax rates rise (fall) in bad (good) times. Additionally, the business cycle of these economies is characterized by countercyclical default risk. In this paper we develop a quantitative dynamic stochastic small open economy model with incomplete markets, endogenous fiscal policy and sovereign default where public expenditures and tax rates are optimally procyclical. The model also accounts for the dynamics of other key macroeconomic variables in emerging economies.
Response of CERES-wheat and CROPGRO-urd model (DSSAT model v 4.5) for tarai region of Uttarakhand

The study aimed response of CERES-wheat and CROPGRO-urd model for tarai region of Uttarakhand. Field experiments were conducted at N. E. Borlaug, Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during rabi and kharif seasons 2007 and 2008. CERES-wheat and CROPGRO-urd models version v 4.5 were used in this study. Cultivar specific genotypic coefficients were derived for wheat and urd during calibration. Model validation based on several independent sets of growth and yield data, including different nitrogen and irrigation levels. For all parameters t-test was found non-significant (‘t’ calculated values were smaller than t tabulated values at 5% level of significance), indicating that there were least differences between observed and predicted values. The result obtained with the model demonstrated satisfactorily prediction of phenology, growth and yield and thus it can be used for the prediction of wheat and urd growth as well as yield in this region
JSKM12(2) 8.indd

Adequate nutrition is important for mothers and their offspring during and after birth. This cross sectional study was conducted to determine nutritional status and nutritional knowledge of pregnant women from two selected private hospitals in Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 236 Malay pregnant women aged between 20 to 45 years old (mean age 31+5 years) were recruited through convenient sampling method. Socio-demographic data, nutritional knowledge and a 24-hours diet recall were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric and haemoglobin data were obtained from the antenatal records in the respective hospitals. The percentages of participants who were underweight, normal, overweight and obese before pregnancy were 12.7%, 55.1%, 25.0% and 7.2% respectively. Among those who were obese before pregnancy, a total of 59.7% had inadequate weight gain, 24.6% gained adequate weight and 15.7% gained excessive gestational weight. About 33.5% of subjects were anaemic (Hb < 11.0g/dL). The mean daily energy intake of the participants was 1748 ± 526 kcal which was 76% of RNI. Calcium (73% of RNI), folic acid (36% of RNI), niacin (89% of RNI) and vitamin D (40% of RNI). The nutritional knowledge level of subjects was moderate (51.9 ± 13.8%). Lower monthly household income (p < 0.001), educational level (p < 0.001) and gestational stage (p < 0.05) of participants were associated with a lower nutritional knowledge level. Nutritional knowledge score was positively correlated with gestational weight gain (r = 0.166, p < 0.05) and haemoglobin level (r = 0.200, p < 0.05). Subjects who claimed practising food taboos had higher nutritional knowledge score (54.9 ± 12.5%) than those who did not (49.9 ± 14.4%)(p < 0.05). A comprehensive nutrition education should be integrated in the antenatal classes to improve nutritional status of pregnant women.
Designing Assessment to Promote Engagement among First Year Social Work Students

This paper reports on research that evaluates the potential of assessment to promote students’ engagement with their first year social work education; particularly their sense of connection with other students in ways that may contribute to student persistence in the initial stages of their studies. It presents the findings obtained from a qualitative study that explored students’ experiences of undertaking a group presentation/performance assessment task in an introductory critical social work course at a regional Australian university. Overall, the results from a survey with course participants suggest that a group presentation/performance assessment fostered collaboration and cooperation among first-year students in a way that enhanced their engagement with each other, course material, and successful learning in this course. Students’ responses regarding the assessment task strongly indicate that their engagement was not simply instrumental or formal, but rather ontological, in that the group presentation/performance engages the students’ being as reflexive agents of change in the learning and assessment processes. ;
Multiple Shareholders and Control Contests

We consider the allocation of corporate control in a company with two large and a continuum of small shareholders. Control is determined in a shareholders' meeting, where the large shareholders submit competing proposals in order to attract the vote of small shareholders. The presence of multiple shareholders reduces private benefits through competition for control. In the optimal ownership structure, the more efficient blockholder will hold just enough shares to gain control, but a large fraction of shares is allocated to the less efficient shareholder in order to reduce rents. We investigate when the large shareholders would want to trade parts or all of their share blocks among them, and show that the concern about retrading will lead to a larger than optimal stake of the controlling shareholder.
Spot and Futures Prices of Agricultural Commodities: Fundamentals and Speculation

This paper investigates the long-run relationship between spot and futures prices for corn and soybeans, for the period January 2004 -September 2010. We apply cointegration methodology in the presence of potentially unknown structural breaks in the commodities prices and we then study the causality relationships between spot and futures prices within each specific sub-period identified, with the aim to analyze where changes in spot and futures price originate and how they spread. Empirical estimates highlight the following evidence: i) breaks relate to events that have significantly affected the supply and demand of corn and soybeans for food and energy purposes; ii) sub-periods consequently identified express different dynamics in the causal relationship between spot and futures prices and support the idea that many factors contributed to the 2007-2008 food price increase.
Determining Ways of Developing Trust towards Investment in Unit Trusts Fund

There is nothing new when we talk about effect of advertisement and consumption. However, the issue turns the other way around when the consumption is actually in terms of investment and it is even more intense when it is involving Muslims as the investors. Investments itself is not an issue, but the association with interest contributes in making it unpopular among Muslims in Malaysia. This research intends to find out the effect of different advertising methods used in attracting Muslim investors to invest in Amanah Saham Nasional Berhad (ASNB) and Amanah Saham Bumitputra (ASB) unit trusts. Besides that, this study intends to reveal the effect of religion as a mediating factor between advertising tools and motivation to invest. The total number of respondents for this questionnaire survey is 300. The results proved the positive and significant effect of all advertising method used; namely word-of-mouth (WOM), online and mobile advertising. More importantly, this study proved the effect of religion as an important mediating factor that motivates Muslims towards investment.
The quality of public finances and economic growth

Improving the quality of public finances (QPF) has become a new focus for European policy makers. This focus is largely a response to preparing the European economies for the dual challenge of ageing populations and increased exposure to global competition. At the EU level, the Stability and Growth Pact and the Lisbon Strategy for Growth and Jobs provide, in principle, the appropriate tools for fostering a greater role of QPF in fiscal surveillance but this has not yet fully materialised in practice. This is partly because a broad-based conceptual framework on what makes up QPF has been missing. This paper attempts to close this gap by developing a multi-dimensional approach on QPF. Moreover, it reviews how EU Member States fare in each dimension and summarises empirical findings on the links between QPF and growth, including through a growth-accounting approach using discriminant analysis.
Acceptability Studies on Bread Fortified with Tilapia Fish Flour

This study was conducted to assess the acceptability of bread samples produced by fortification of wheat flour with Tilapia Fish Protein Flour (TFPF) in varying proportions (5, 10, 15 and 20% by weight of wheat flour). Bread produced from 100% wheat flour served as the control. The fortified bread and the control samples were subjected to proximate and organoleptic analysis. The result of proximate analysis revealed that the incorporation of TFPF into wheat flour resulted in improvement in the nutritional value of brea d sample. The protein content increases as more and more TFPF was added. The protein content for the control sample was 9.08% while the values for fortified bread samples ranged between 18.01 and 10.59% with sample coded 411 (80% wheat flour: 20% TFPF) having the highest value. The result of organoleptic analysis revealed that there was no significant difference among the samples in term of taste, aroma, crust and crumb colour and overall acceptability. Acceptable fortified bread could therefore be produced from wheat and TFPF.
Non‐melanoma skin cancer may be a marker of poor prognosis in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma

According to recent results, patients with non‐melanoma skin cancers are at increased risk of developing non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The prognostic significance of this association is unknown. Two cohorts of patients with a first diagnosis of non‐melanoma skin cancer and a subsequent diagnosis of either NHL (n = 170) or colon cancer (n = 435) were established using national cancer registry data in Denmark. Two other cohorts of patients in whom NHL (n = 600) or colon cancer (n = 1,541) was the patients' first known malignancy served as comparison groups. Mortality rates were compared using Cox's regression analysis. Among patients younger than 80 years at NHL diagnosis, a history of non‐melanoma skin cancer was associated with significantly increased mortality [relative risk (RR) = 1.54; 95% confidence interval: 1.19–1.99]. This association was present in both men (RR = 1.38; 1.02–1.86) and women (RR = 2.15; 1.31–3.54) and was similar after both major subtypes of non‐melanoma skin cancer. Overall, antedating non‐melanoma skin cancer had no prognostic significance for colon cancer patients (RR = 1.00; 0.84–1.18). Whatever the underlying mechanism, our observation has potential clinical implications. If substantiated in other settings, NHL patients with prior non‐melanoma skin cancer may constitute a subgroup of lymphoma patients in need of particular therapeutic attention. Int. J. Cancer 85:639–642, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Determinants of International Tourism Demand for the Philippines: An Augmented Gravity Model Approach

This study was conducted to investigate the determinants of international tourism demand for the Philippines.This study employed a double-log augmented form of gravity model estimated using the robust random effects model.Results revealed that tourist arrival in the Philippines are generally increasing from 2001 to 2012. Empirical estimation was conducted to determine factors affecting Philippine tourism demand. These factors include income, market size, and distance. Relative prices was also identified which includes cost of living and price of goods and services in the Philippines and other related tourism destination like Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand. Supporting variables like direct flights, conflict, commonality in language and common colonizer between the Philippines and source of origin of the tourist was also examined. Furthermore, it also includes impact of calamity in the tourist home country and common membership to ASEAN. Empirical results show that tourist inflow is positively and significantly affected by income of the origin country and is reduced by population and distance. Relative low prices of tourism in term of cost of living and prices of goods and services in the Philippines have no effect in attracting inbound tourist. Furthermore, international demand for Philippine tourism is not affected by relative prices of tourism in Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand as the competing tourist destinations. Conflict and common colonizer between Philippines and country of origin are not significant determinants of international tourism demand. Among the variables, direct flights turned out to be the most significant factor that can contribute to the increase in tourism demand of the Philippines.
Existence of Equilibrium Pair in Non-Compact E-Proximity Settings

In this paper, using the existence theorems of best proximity points and maximal elements in non-compact settings, we will prove a basic existence theorem of equilibrium pair for a non-compact free 1-person game which generalizes both fixed point theorems and equilibrium existence theorems in non-compact E-proximity settings. Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10, 91A06
The Complete Larval Development of the Edible Crab, Cancer setosus Molina and Observations on the Prezoeal and First zoeal Stages of C. coronatus Molina (Decapoda: Brachyura, Cancridae) (With 19 Text-figures and 2 Tables)

Title The Complete Larval Development of the Edible Crab, Cancer setosus Molina and Observations on the Prezoeal and First zoeal Stages of C. coronatus Molina (Decapoda: Brachyura, Cancridae) (With 19 Text-figures and 2 Tables) Author(s) QUINTANA, Rodolfo; SAELZER, Hugo Citation 北海道大學理學部紀要 = JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Series VI. ZOOLOGY, 24(4): 267-303 Issue Date 1986-10 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/27699 Type bulletin File Information 24(4)_P267-303.pdf
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENERATION Y STUDENTS’ LINK SHARING MOTIVES AND WORD-OF-MOUTH COMMUNICATION ON FACEBOOK

Word-of-mouth (WOM) communication is acknowledged as a highly persuasive form of consumption-related communication because of its inherent credibility. While WOM communication is essentially beyond the control of marketers, strategic efforts to stimulate positive WOM communication and manage the effects of negative WOM communication are critical to an organisation’s competitive sustainability. Online social networking sites, of which Facebook is the largest, are especially suitable for the diffusion of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) communication. Harnessing the power of Facebook to stimulate the spread of positive eWOM communication about brands necessitates understanding the influence of link-sharing motives on eWOM communication. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Generation Y university students’ link-sharing motives of information sharing and the social norm of link sharing, and their product information-sharing, opinion-seeking and opinion-giving behaviour on Facebook. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of 311 students registered at four campuses from three South African higher education institutions - one from a comprehensive university, two from a traditional university and one from a university of technology. Data analysis included correlation analysis, structural equation modelling, reliability analysis and construct validity analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis established that the five-factor structure comprising information-sharing and social norm link-sharing motives, and product information-sharing, opinion-seeking and opinion-giving behaviour on Facebook exhibited acceptable model fit and good internal-consistency reliability, composite reliability and construct validity. The results of the path analysis suggest the link-sharing motives of information sharing and social norm positively influence product information-sharing behaviour on Facebook. In turn, the findings of the study suggest that product information-sharing behaviour positively influences opinion-seeking and opinion-giving behaviour on Facebook,and that opinion-giving behaviour also positively influences opinion-seeking behaviour on the site.
Innovative approaches for ancient paper diagnostic

1 Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland, lojewska@chemia.uj. edu.pl 2 Department of Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, La Sapienza University, Rome, annac.felici@uniroma1.it 3 Istituto centrale per il restauro e la conservazione del patrimonio archivistico e librario, Ministero dei Beni e delle Attivita culturali e del Turismo, Rome 4 Centro Italiano di Studi e Ricerche di Storia e Tecnologia della Carta “A.F. Gasparinetti”, Fabriano (Ancona) 5 Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, CNR, Monterotondo Scalo (Rome), mauro.missori@isc.cnr.it 6 ETSF, Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, adriano.mosca. conte@roma2.infn. it 7 Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR, Bologna, f.valle@bo.ismn. cnr.it
Effects of Substituting Soybean withMoringa oleifera Meal in Diets on Layingand Eggs Quality Characteristics of KABIRChickens

Objective: This study was designated to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on laying performance of the KABIR strain hens. Methods: A total of 27 pullets and 3 cockerels were randomly distributed into 3 groups and randomly fed with diets T0, T5 and T10 in which soybean was gradually substituted at 0, 50 and 100% with Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOL). Results: The results showed that feed intake decreased with increasing level of MOL. The first egg was laid at 25 weeks in the group of chicks fed with 5% of MOL. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest egg production were recorded with 5% MOL, while the highest FCR and the lowest egg production were recorded with the highest MOL level (10%). Except for circumference of eggs and the yolk weight, eggs characteristics and hatchability were not significantly affected (P>0.05) by the inclusion levels of MOL in the diet. The mortalities recorded in this study (21, 30 and 37.5% for 0, 5 and 10% of MOL respectively) were above 12% recommended by the IPH (International Practices Hatchery). Conclusion: It was concluded in the conditions of this study that using Moringa oleifera leaves at 5% in the diet as protein source ingredient can improves egg production in KABIR hens.
Producers' motivation for collective action for kola production and marketing in Cameroon

Collectiveactionhas beenusedas a strategytoimprovethebenefits ofsmallholderproducersofkolanutsinCameroon. Despite demonstrated benefits, not all producers are involved in the collective action. The presented study used a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) namely the Collective Action Behaviour model (CAB model) to analysekola producers’motivationforcollectiveactionactivities. Fivehypothesesareformulatedandtested usingdata obtained from 185 farmers who are involved in kola production and marketing in the Western highlands of Cameroon. Results which were generated using Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach for Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) showed that farmers’ intrinsic motivators and ease of use influenced their behavioural intent to join a group marketing activities. The perceived usefulness that was mainly related to the economic benefits of group activities did not influence farmers’ behavioural intent. It is therefore concluded that extension messages and promotional activities targeting collective action need to emphasise the perceived ease of use of involvement and social benefits associated with group activities in order to increase farmers’ participation.
Can a Species Keep Pace with a Shifting Climate?

Consider a patch of favorable habitat surrounded by unfavorable habitat and assume that due to a shifting climate, the patch moves with a fixed speed in a onedimensional universe. Let the patch be inhabited by a population of individuals that reproduce, disperse, and die. Will the population persist? How does the answer depend on the length of the patch, the speed of movement of the patch, the net population growth rate under constant conditions, and the mobility of the individuals? We will answer these questions in the context of a simple dynamic profile model that incorporates climate shift, population dynamics, and migration. The model takes the form of a growth-diffusion equation. We first consider a special case and derive an explicit condition by glueing phase portraits. Then we establish a strict qualitative dichotomy for a large class of models by way of rigorous PDE methods, in particular the maximum principle. The results show that mobility can both reduce and enhance the ability to track climate change that a narrow range can severely reduce this ability and that population range and total population size can both increase and decrease under a moving climate. It is also shown that range shift may be easier to detect at the expanding front, simply because it is considerably steeper than the retreating back.
VEGETARIANISM: IDENTITY AND EXPERIENCES AS FACTORS IN FOOD SELECTION

Vegetarianism is increasing in worldwide popularity. While there’s an abundance of literature on the nutritional aspects of vegetarianism there remains a paucity of research by social scientist on vegetarian beliefs, motive and experiences. This paper reports an exploratory study to examine how the identity and experiences of being vegetarian affected food section. This entailed the examination of the motives for converting to vegetarianism as well as motives over time. Also examined were the social constraints and social supports present for vegetarians in terms of social relationships, availability of preferred food items. Seventy- nine vegetarians responded to a self-administered questionnaire submitted to two qualitative approaches to analysis. Findings suggest that a “vegetarian” identity has a variety of meanings to individuals. Individuals may be motivated by a variety of causes or issues to convert to vegetarianism, but over time will likely incorporate or assimilate other motives, vegetarian finds both criticism and support for their food ways. Social constraints are present to maintain the centrality of meat in the structure of meals. Moreover, vegetarianism affects social relationships.
A Comparative Study of Gender Differences in Age Associated Changes in Autonomic Nervous System

There is much clinical evidence to suggest that cardiovascular functions vary both in males and females and the activity of autonomic nervous system varies with age and gender. The cardiovascular responses of blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate and other variables to change in posture differ between the sexes. This study evaluated the gender differences in age-associated changes in cardiac sympathetic activity. This was a prospective study with the Primary Data which was collected from Pravara Rural Hospital Loni, Maharashtra, India. Total 80 completely healthy male and female subjects were selected for the study and divided into three groups according to their age. All the subjects were evaluated using CANWIN cardiac autonomic neuropathy analyzer; a windows based cardiac autonomic neuropathy analysis system with interpretation.Descriptive statistics was done using “unpaired t” test and one way ANOVA results were used to compare between the three study groups. Comparison of outcome parameters was calculated with significance test. This study suggests that gender differences exist in age-related changes in cardiac sympathetic activity. There is marked influence of age on sympathetic nervous system activation due to impaired sensitivity of baroreceptors in women than in men of the same age group