Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk of Recurrent Instability After Arthroscopic Stabilization for Shoulder Instability in Adolescent Patients

Background: With the rise of adolescent sports participation, there has been a concomitant increase in not only the incidence but also the treatment of traumatic shoulder instability. Yet, there have been limited data on the failure rates of arthroscopic shoulder stabilization in this population as well as the potential risk factors. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the failure rates of adolescent patients who underwent arthroscopic labral reconstruction for traumatic anterior shoulder instability. We hypothesized that adolescent failure rates would be significantly higher than what has been reported in the adult population with regard to recurrent instability after surgical intervention. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study performed at a single center. Inclusion criteria consisted of all adolescent-aged patients identified who (1) had traumatic anterior shoulder instability, (2) had radiographic findings consistent with anteroinferior capsulolabral injury, and (3) underwent arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, imaging, intraoperative findings, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 36 patients were identified, with a mean ± SD follow-up of 35.6 ± 13.8 months. The mean patient age at the time of the index procedure was 16.03 ± 1.67 years. All patients underwent arthroscopic shoulder stabilization consisting of arthroscopic Bankart repair. Twelve patients (33.3%) reported either recurrent instability or apprehension, of whom 9 (25.0%) developed recurrent dislocation/subluxation at a mean of 20.67 months postoperatively (range, 16-51 months). No single sport was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of redislocation, although a trend was seen toward those with postoperative participation in high-risk sporting activity. Patients who redislocated their shoulders had a higher frequency of a Hill-Sachs lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (89%) compared with those who did not (52%, P = .048). History of multiple preoperative dislocations, presence of bony Bankart pathology, off-track lesions, and number of anchors utilized were not associated with postoperative dislocation/subluxation. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that adolescent patients treated with arthroscopic shoulder stabilization have a high rate of recurrent instability. The adolescent population may benefit from other stabilization strategies and/or activity modification. Further studies are necessary to determine the reasons for the high rate of redislocation and to develop strategies for prevention.
Oral hygiene status and practices among health-care workers: A cross-sectional study

Aims and Objectives: Health-care professionals have an important role in health education for their patients, families, and friends also at the community levels. However, understanding their own behavior toward their oral health is more important for the oral health educators who are also health-care professionals. Assessment and practice of oral hygiene status among health-care professionals working in King Khalid Hospital, Al-Kharj, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was the aim of the study. Materials and Methods: A study was carried out with the aid of specially designed questionnaire consisting of details regarding demographic variables and oral hygiene practice among the health-care workers (HCWs). Convenience samples were selected and preformed questionnaire was given and oral examination was conducted on 267 male HCWs and 164 female HCWs. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20, to perform chi-square test and analysis of variance. Results: Among 431 HCWs, 267 males and 164 females participated. A total of 302 people told they brush once daily and it was significant among age group. Mean calculus (0.82) was more among the participants aged >50 years. Mean oral hygiene index-simplified (2.23) was more among those aged >50 years. Mean debris (1.40) was more among >50 years and was statistically significant. Conclusion: HCWs showed that their oral hygiene status was fair. Awareness programs must be conducted frequently to boost up the oral self-hygiene practices among them for many good reasons.
Profiling of tRNA Halves and YRNA Fragments in Serum and Tissue From Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Identify Key Role of 5′ tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 Half

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer and, as indicated by The Oral Cancer Foundation, kills at an alarming rate of roughly one person per hour. With this study, we aimed at better understanding disease mechanisms and identifying minimally invasive disease biomarkers by profiling novel small non-coding RNAs (specifically, tRNA halves and YRNA fragments) in both serum and tumor tissue from humans. Small RNA-Sequencing identified multiple 5′ tRNA halves and 5′ YRNA fragments that displayed significant differential expression levels in circulation and/or tumor tissue, as compared to control counterparts. In addition, by implementing a modification of weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we identified an upregulated genetic module comprised of 5′ tRNA halves and miRNAs (miRNAs were described in previous study using the same samples) with significant association with the cancer trait. By consequently implementing miRNA-overtargeting network analysis, the biological function of the module (and by “guilt by association,” the function of the 5′ tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 half) was found to involve the transcriptional targeting of specific genes involved in the negative regulation of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle. These findings suggest that 5′ tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 half (reduced in serum of OSCC patients and elevated in the tumor tissue) could potentially serve as an OSCC circulating biomarker and/or target for novel anticancer therapies. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the specific molecular function of a 5′-tRNA half is specifically pinpointed in OSCC.
Influence of Self-Relevance and Reputational Concerns on Altruistic Moral Decision Making

Complex moral decision making may share certain cognitive mechanisms with economic decision making under risk situations. However, it is little known how people weigh gains and losses between self and others during moral decision making under risk situations. The current study adopted the dilemma scenario-priming paradigm to examine how self-relevance and reputational concerns influenced moral decision making. Participants were asked to decide whether they were willing to sacrifice their own interests to help the protagonist (friend, acquaintance, or stranger) under the dilemmas of reputational loss risk, while the helping choices, decision times and emotional responses were recorded. In Study 1, participants showed a differential altruistic tendency, indicating that participants took less time to make more helping choices and subsequently reported weaker unpleasant experience toward friends compared to acquaintances and strangers. In Study 2, participants still made these egoistically biased altruistic choices under the low reputational loss risk conditions. However, such an effect was weakened by the high reputational loss risks. Results suggested that moral principle guiding interpersonal moral decision making observed in our study is best described as an egoistically biased altruism, and that reputational concerns can play a key role in restraining selfish tendency.
Phase Ia and Ib clinical Trials of chaperonin 10 in healthy volunteers and patients with multiple sclerosis

Background: Chaperonin 10 (Cpn10) is a mitochondrial protein essential for protein folding. In vitro studies have also shown that Cpn10 reduces production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and up-regulates interleukin-10 in response to agonist stimulation of Toll-like receptors. A protective effect for Cpn10 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis has been demonstrated with suppression of inflammatory markers. Here we report the first clinical trials of this agent administered intravenously in human subjects. Methods: Two dose ranging and tolerability studies were undertaken in 16 healthy volunteers (Phase Ia - single doses of 1 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg or 10 mg with 1:3 subjects receiving placebo) and 10 patients with multiple sclerosis (Phase Ib - 5 daily doses of 2.5 mg or 5 mg with 1:4 patients receiving placebo) using a double-blind, randomised design. Intravenous administration was over 10 minutes. Adverse events, clinical data, pharmacodynamic and pharmacological parameters were monitored. Results: There were no serious adverse events and no discernible trends observed for other adverse events. The half-life of Cpn10 was approximately one hour and suppression of TNF-a production in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell assay was seen when blood was taken 8-hr post dose. A peak dose pharmacodynamic effect was seen at 5 mg. No significant increase in anti-Cpn10 antibodies was seen. There was no discernable clinical effect in the multiple sclerosis volunteers. Conclusions: Cpn10 is well tolerated when administered intravenously to both healthy and multiple sclerosis affected human subjects. Anticipated modulation of the innate immune system was observed in both healthy and affected subjects.
Flip-that-Bucket: A fun EEG-BCI game on gooey movement intentions

: “Flip-that-Bucket” is an open source, portable and enjoyable BCI game suitable for investigating or demonstrating movement intentions using scientific experiments or educational demonstrations in noisy environments. In the game, a sneaky virtual robot aims to predict a player’s intentions to act based on their action history, muscle activity, or brain activity. The game can be used to assess (1) the accuracy of brain-based movement predictions, (2) the timing of these predictions relative to movement onset, (3) the potential benefit of brain-based over behavior-based predictions, and (4) the correlation between certain brain signals (e.g. the readiness potential and event-related desynchronization between 8-30Hz over the pre-and primary motor areas) and the experience of an intention to move. Answering each of these questions may greatly benefit future applications in prosthetics and motor rehabilitation. Flip-that-Bucket is made as an extension to the open-source buffer_bci toolbox, encouraging further development. Here, we demonstrate the idea, its practical implementation, the ‘fun factor’ and a first analysis of experimental results.
Bci therapies Triggering sensory feedback for motor Rehabilitation after Stroke: a Systematic Review

In the last two decades, brain-computer interfaces (BCI) triggering external devices to perform movements for upper-limb rehabilitation after stroke, have proven to be successful. However, the literature is quite heterogeneous in terms of targeted patient population and study protocols. In this systematic review, we aim at identifying those patient characteristics and protocol features that might best explain the variance observed in treatment-induced motor recovery. Using the data from 15 studies and a total of 168 patients with a BCI-based intervention, patients in the sub-acute phase and mildly impaired patients showed significantly stronger improvement with the BCI-based intervention. Furthermore, receiving conventional therapy additionally to the BCI-based intervention leads to a significantly larger improvement. In summary, BCIbased neurorehabilitation combined with conventional therapy might induce a synergistic effect leading to stronger functional recovery. Larger patient samples in studies and more information on individuals characteristics and protocol features would be desirable in order to build predictive models for motor rehabilitation towards personalization of interventions.
Consumption and Perception of High Caloric, Low Nutrient Dense Foods by Middle School Students in Daegu.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumption and perception of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods in middle school students in the Daegu. Among 550 questionnaires distributed to students in Daegu, 528 (256 boys and 272 girls) were analyzed. A little higher than 80% of students ate snacks every-day, and 43.4%, 29.0%, and 8.1% ate snacks once, twice, and three times or more per day, respectively. Snacks and foods most frequently consumed were ice cream, fried noodles, drinks, cookies, and baked goods. Energy supply from snacks was 104.8∼356.9 Kcal/intake while that from meal substitution foods was 520.7∼980 Kcal/intake. Students’ knowledge score of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods was 6.51±3.02 out of 10 points. Sixty percent of students did not read nutrition labels, but 67.9% of them thought that they need nutrition education by nutrition teachers. Students recognized the criteria of high caloric-low nutrient dense foods as well as proper food selection for essential educational items, It was concluded that effective educa-tion should be implemented in middle schools by nutrition teachers for students to develop good habits in se-lecting snacks and foods.
How Similar are the Neural Patterns when Observing grasping Hand Postures to the Behavioral Patterns when Executing the grasp?

It is well-known that human neural representations of grasping movement observation and execution share similarities. However, it remains unclear to what extent neural patterns of movement observation relate with behavioral covariates of the movement, such as muscle or kinematic activity, or with categorical models that describe hand posture or object properties. In this study, we explored the relation between EEG neural representation of observing a large variety of hand-object interaction images and two representations of the observed movement’s execution: the behavioral covariates and categorical models. We found that the EEG representation of the observation phase was correlated with the muscle representation during the execution most strongly in the movement holding phase. Furthermore, we found similarities with the categorical model that reflects the shape and the size of the object. With these findings we gain a joint understanding of the relation between movement observation and execution and a mean to facilitate an intuitive control of neuroprostheses in motor impaired individuals.
A critical review on diet-induced microbiota changes and cardiovascular diseases

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) commonly denote the disorders that generally occur as a result of unhealthy food habits. Heart failure, cerebrovascular illness, rheumatic heart disease are the common CVDs. The prevalence of CVD is increased considerably in recent decades upon unhealthy food habits and varied alternative factors such as diabetes, smoking and excessive use of alcohol. A change into a healthy food habit can reverse the strategy during a course of time. Objectives of the study: The objective of this review is to summarize the research findings and elaborate the relationship between the diet, gut microbiota, and CVD. Results: The dietary products containing the least saturated, trans-fat and cholesterol have the tendency to scale back the burden of CVDs, for instance, vegetables and fruits. The potential reason for the cardioprotective activity of the diet ought to be its high-unsaturated fatty acid composition and less saturated fat. Recent studies have found that gut microbiota plays a key role in mediating disease prevention. The metabolism of dietary products into varied bioactive metabolites is regulated by gut microbiota. The contributory role of gut microbiota in dietary metabolism and CVD prevention studies are increasing with promising outcomes. Conclusion: Hence, the review was proposed to reach the researchers within this field of study and share the available knowledge in gut microbiota-mediated CVD prevention. In our current review, we have updated all the research findings within the field of diet-mediated cardiovascular prevention through gut microbiota.
Magnesium-Based Resorbable Scaffold versus Permanent Metallic SirolimusEluting Stent in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The MAGSTEMI Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The use of poly-L lactide acid-based bioresorbable scaffolds is limited in daily clinical practice, due to safety concerns and lack of physiological benefit. Magnesium-based bioresorbable scaffold (MgBRS) presents short resorption period (<1 year) and have the potential of being thromboresistant and exhibiting early restoration of vasomotor function. To date, however, no randomized clinical trial has investigated the performance of MgBRS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the in-stent/scaffold vasomotion between MgBRS and permanent metallic sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) at 12-month follow-up in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Methods: This investigator-driven, multicenter, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial randomized STEMI patients 1:1 to SES or MgBRS at 11 academic centers. The primary endpoint was the rate of increase (≥3%) after nitroglycerin in mean lumen diameter of the in-stent/scaffold segment at 12 months with superiority of MgBRS over SES in the as treated population. Main secondary endpoints included angiographic parameters of restenosis, the device-oriented composite endpoint, their individual components, and device thrombosis rate. Besides, endothelial-dependent vasomotor response to acetylcholine (i.e. endothelial function) was also assessed in a subgroup of patients (n=69). Results: Between June 2017 and June 2018, 150 STEMI patients were randomized (MgBRS, n=74; SES, n=76). At 1 year, the primary endpoint was significantly higher in the MgBRS arm (56.5% vs. 33.8%; p=0.010). Conversely, late lumen loss was significantly lower in the SES group (in-segment: 0.39±0.49mm vs. 0.02±0.27mm, p<0.001; in-device: 0.61±0.55mm vs. 0.06±0.21mm; p<0.001). The device-oriented composite endpoint was higher in the MgBRS arm driven by an increase in ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization rate (12[16.2%] vs. 4[5.2%], p=0.030). Definite thrombosis rate was similar between groups (1[1.4%] in the MgBRS arm vs. 2[2.6%] in the SES group; p=1.0). Endothelial function assessment at device segment evidenced a more pronounced vasoconstrictive response to maximal dose of acetylcholine in the MgBRS arm (-8.3±3.5% vs. -2.4±1.3% in the SES group, p=0.003). Conclusions: When compared to SES, MgBRS demonstrated a higher capacity of vasomotor response to pharmacological agents (either endothelium-independent or-dependent) at 1 year. However, MgBRS was associated with a lower angiographic efficacy, a higher rate of target lesion revascularization, without thrombotic safety concerns. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov Unique Identifier: NCT03234348.
Self-Expanded Metallic Stent Insertion for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Stenting.

Purpose: This study aims to ascertain the relative outcomes in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) undergoing either unilateral or bilateral self-expanded metallic stent (SEMS) insertion. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, 93 patients with HCCA were treated through percutaneous insertion of either unilateral or bilateral SEMS during January 2012 to December 2018. We compared technical success, clinical success, and long-term outcomes of the treatment method. Results: Overall, 51 and 42 patients were treated through unilateral and bilateral SEMS insertion, respectively, with technical success rates of 92.2% (47/51) and 95.3% (40/42), respectively, (P = .859). No patients experienced any procedure-related complications, with unilateral and bilateral clinical success rates of 95.7% (45/47) and 97.4% (38/39), respectively, (P = 1.000) and with comparable adverse event rates between these groups (3/47 vs. 5/40; P = .541). Moreover, 8 and 3 patients treated with unilateral and bilateral stents exhibited stent dysfunction, respectively, (P = .183). In unilateral and bilateral groups, median patency rates were189 and 198 days, respectively, (P = .887). During the follow-up period, all patients died, with respective mean overall survival rates of 222 and 202 days for those treated using unilateral and bilateral stents (P = .755). Both Bismuth type III HCCA (P = .025) and a lack of chemotherapy (P = .000) correlated with reduced survival in univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Conclusion: Insertion of unilateral and bilateral SEMS exhibits similar clinical efficacy and long-term outcomes in patients with HCCA.
Evaluation of teamwork assessment tools for interprofessional simulation: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT There is growing evidence supporting the use of simulation-based education to improve teamwork in the clinical environment, which results in improved patient outcomes. Interprofessional simulation improves awareness of professional roles and responsibilities, promotes teamwork and provides training in non-technical skills. Tools have been developed to assess the quality of teamwork during simulation, but the use of these tools should be supported by validity evidence in appropriate contexts. This study aims to assess the validity of teamwork tools used in simulation-based interprofessional training for healthcare workers and students, and to compare the design and reporting of these studies. Medline, EMBASE, ERIC, and CINAHL were searched using terms synonymous with simulation, crew resource management, training, assessment, interprofessional, and teamwork, from 2007–2017. Interprofessional healthcare simulation studies involving objectively rated teamwork training were included. The initial search provided 356 records for review, of which 24 were ultimately included. Three tools demonstrated good validity evidence underpinning their use. However, three studies did not explore tool psychometrics at all, and the quality of reporting amongst these studies on design and participant demographics was variable. Further research to generate reporting guidelines and validate existing tools for new populations would be beneficial.
Red Blood Cell Lifespan Shortening in Patients with Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: Although reduced red blood cell (RBC) lifespan has been reported to be a contributory factor to anemia in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), there are limited data regarding RBC lifespan in early-stage CKD. Serum erythropoietin (EPO) is considered a primary causative factor of renal anemia. The aims of this study were to compare the RBC lifespan, serum EPO levels, and other renal anemia indicators across CKD-stage groups of patients and to analyze the impacts of etiological factors on renal anemia. Methods: A cohort of 74 non-smoking patients with CKD were enrolled, including 15 in stage 1, 18 in stage 2, 15 in stage 3, 15 in stage 4, and 11 in stage 5. RBC lifespan was determined by CO breath tests. Potential correlations of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration with RBC lifespan, reticulocyte count (Ret), and levels of EPO, ferritin, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were analyzed. Results: CKD progression was associated with decreases in (Hb) and RBC lifespan. RBC lifespan durations in CKD stages 1–5 were 122 ± 50, 112 ± 26, 90 ± 32, 88 ± 28, and 60 ± 24 days, respectively. RBC lifespan means for the stage 3, 4 and 5 groups were significantly shorter than those for the stage 1 and 2 groups. Serum EPO did not differ significantly between the CKD stage groups. (Hb) correlated directly with RBC lifespan (r = 0.372, p = 0.002) and Ret (r = 0.308, p = 0.011), but did not correlate with serum EPO, ferritin, folic acid, or vitamin B12 levels. Conclusions: Reduced RBC lifespan in early-stage CKD, demonstrated in this study, suggests that increased RBC destruction may play a more important etiological role in renal anemia than other indicators in patients with CKD.