Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A prospective study on the functional and radiological outcome of paediatric shaft of femur fractures treated with TENS nailing: A case series of 22 cases

Introduction: Shaft of femur fracture are one of the most common diaphyseal fractures in children with an incidence of about 19/1 lakh population. The aim of treatment is mainly anatomical reduction and realignment with proper functioning of hip and knee joints. TENS is now the preferred treatment of choice because it involves the insertion of two or three titanium nails. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to assess functional and radiological outcome of paediatric shaft of femur fractures treated with TENS nail. Materials and Methods: The study has been conducted in Department of Orthopaedic, K.R. Hospital December 2017 and December 2018. Patients underwent operative treatment on table with manual traction. After proper reduction of fracture, small skin incision was given on either side of distal thigh around 2 cm proximal to distal epiphyseal plate. Titanium elastic nail of the correct size with curve ends were introduced from both medial and lateral side simultaneously till fracture site after it one nail was passed across the already reduced fracture site followed by another one. Postoperatively patients were encouraged quadriceps strengthening and knee bending exercises as soon as patients could tolerate (Usually within 24 hours of surgery) and for few days, patients were kept non-weight bearing following which partial weight bearing allowed depending on the stability of fracture and callus formation but full weight bearing was allowed only after radiological evidence of firm union. Results: Total 22 patients with shaft femur fracture were operated between December 2017 and 2018 with TENS nail in the Department of Orthopaedics K.R Hospital. There were 15 boys and 7 girls aged between 5-15 years who were taken. Most of the cases were due to RTA (54%) and self-fall accounted for 46%. Out of the fractures, proximal accounted for 9%, mid-shaft fractures 68% and remaining were distal. The most common side affected in our case series was right which was in 17 kids (77%). Out of all types of fractures, transverse accounted for 31%, spiral 22% and the remaining were oblique. Closed reduction and internal fixation was done with negligible blood loss. Our patients underwent an average stay of 5 days in the hospital with minimum of 2 days and maximum of 8 days. Union in our study was achieved at an average of 9.2 weeks and cases were followed up at 2, 6, 12, 16 weeks. Conclusion: TENS is a good method of choice for paediatric fracture shaft of femur fractures particularly in the age of group of 5-15 years of age as it acts an internal splint without disturbing periosteum, promotes faster bridging and callus formation and finally early mobilization.
Palliative chemotherapy with or without anti-EGFR therapy for de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a propensity score-matching study

Objective We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of cetuximab (CTX) or nimotuzumab (NTZ) on the addition of palliative chemotherapy (PCT) in patients with de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and methods From 2007 to 2016, 451 eligible patients with de novo metastatic NPC were enrolled in the study. With propensity score matching technique, we created a well-balanced cohort by matching patients who received CTX/NTZ plus PCT (62 patients) with those receiving PCT alone (248 patients) in a ratio of 1:4. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). All potential prognostic factors were involved in the multivariate analysis with the Cox regression hazards model. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to compare the survival status, and log-rank test to measure the significance. Results The median follow-up time was 27.7 months (range, 1–126 months). No significant difference in survival was observed between the CTX/NTZ plus PCT group and PCT group. (3-year OS: 63.0% vs 58.1%; P=0.485). The administration of CTX/NTZ was not found to be an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. With regard to toxicity, the development of a G3-4 skin reaction and mucositis was more common in patients receiving CTX plus PCT. Interaction effects analysis did not show any significant interaction effects on OS between the treatment regimen and prognostic factors (P>0.05). Conclusion The efficacy of CTX/NTZ and PCT is comparable to single PCT treatment in terms of survival outcomes among de novo metastatic NPC patients. Moreover, the application of CTX exacerbated skin reactions and mucositis.
Corporate Governance and Capital Structure Decisions: Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

This study examines the impact of corporate governance on capital structure decisions based on a large panel of Chinese listed firms. Using the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator to control for unobserved heterogeneity, endogeneity and persistency in capital structure decisions, we document that the ownership structure plays a significant role in determining leverage ratios. More specially, we find that managerial ownership has a positive and significant impact on firms’ leverage, consistent with the incentive alignment hypothesis. We also find that managerial ownership only affects the leverage decisions of private firms in the post-2005 split share reform period. State ownership negatively influence leverage decisions implying that SOEs may face fewer restrictions in equity issuance and may receive favourable treatments when applying for seasoned equity ﬁnancing, thus use less debt. Furthermore, our results show that while foreign ownership negatively influences leverage decisions, legal person shareholding positively influences firms’ leverage decisions only for state controlled firms. We also find that the board structure variables (board size and the proportion of independent directors) do not influence firms’ capital structure decisions. Our findings suggest that recent ownership reforms have been successful in terms of providing incentive to managers through managerial shareholdings to take risky financial choices.
Metaphor Scenario Analysis as Part of Cultural Linguistics

The study of metaphor as part of Cultural Linguistics highlights the culture-specific aspects of figurative language. This study focuses on the reception and interpretation aspect and reviews cross-cultural metaphor interpretation as well as presents new data from a survey of differential understanding of the nation-as-body metaphor. It is based on a questionnaire survey, administered in 10 countries to students who were given the task of applying the metaphor of the “body politic” to their home nation. The results show systematic variation between four main interpretations, i.e. nation as geobody, as functional whole, as part of self and as part of global structure, as well as evidence of further pragmatic and polemical elaboration. The two dominant versions, i.e. nation as geobody and nation as functional whole, were represented across all cohorts but showed opposite frequency patterns for Chinese vs. Western cohorts, which can be linked to culturespecific discourse and traditional cultural conceptualisations. This finding contributes to a constructivist, non-essentialising definition of cultural cognition as a central issue of Cultural Linguistics.
Exploring the factors that enhance teacher retention in rural schools in Ghana

ABSTRACT Access to education for children living in rural communities is widely known to be hampered by inequitable teacher deployment to rural schools. While much is known about the barriers encountered by teachers in Ghana, little is known about the factors that enhance teacher retention in rural schools. In this study, the four-capital teacher retention model was adapted as the conceptual framework to examine the factors that promote teacher retention in rural schools in Ghana. The Teacher Retention Scale (TRS), consisting of 12 items and two sub-scales, was administered to 164 teachers recruited from 15 schools in 10 communities in a single district in Ghana. The results show that the participants were slightly positive on structural capital and social capital as well as high positive correlation between both sub-scales. The need for policymakers to consider both capitals in designing teacher retention strategies in rural schools is discussed.
The Influence of Climate on Migration

This paper provides an overview of research into the phenomenon of whether climatic factors, such as temperature and weather&#8208;related disasters, affect the decision to migrate. As an example, we examine migration flows from 198 countries to Australia for the time span from 1980 to 2015. Our results show that temperature does not have a robust, significant effect on migration flows, while weather&#8208;related disasters do significantly affect flows to Australia.
My-VRBQ: TRANSLATION AND PRELIMINARY VALIDATION OF THE VESTIBULAR REHABILITATION BENEFIT QUESTIONNAIRE (VRBQ)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to translate and adapt the Vestibular Rehabilitation Benefit Questionnaire (VRBQ) into Malay (My-VRBQ). This is to add on to the limited number of vestibular questionnaire available in Malay version. Methods: After the permission from the original author was obtained, the process of adaptation began with forward-translation as well as backward translation into English, then it is followed by content and face validations. Ten participants diagnosed with vestibular problems were recruited in the My-VRBQ for validation process. They were enlisted from two hospitals in the East Coast of Malaysia. Results: Based on the comments and suggestions made by the validators; some changes in terms of the appropriateness of the instructions, items and the sentence structure were made. In the consistency analysis, the My-VRBQ revealed good internal consistency based on Cronbach alpha values (0.77 to 0.96). Conclusion: A translated and validated My-VRBQ has the potential to be used clinically to document vestibular rehabilitation benefits. Nevertheless, future studies are encouraged to further support the present study findings.
Stiffness and echogenicity: Development of a stiffness-echogenicity matrix for clinical problem solving

The assessment of soft tissue stiffness is important to evaluate many neuromusculoskeletal conditions. Several tools have been proposed for the assessment of stiffness, but ultrasonography appears to be most practical. The reflection of ultrasound waves as it travels through tissue enables assessment of tissue echogenicity, which is influenced by the characteristics of the sound wave as well as the characteristics of the tissue through which it passes, such as the amount of fat and fibrous tissue. However, tissue stiffness is not directly proportional to its echogenicity. Hence evaluation of echogenicity, as a stand-alone technique, is inadequate to describe its mechanical properties. The aim of this manuscript is to present a method of combining echogenicity evaluation by ultrasound and stiffness evaluation by palpation to better describe the mechanical properties of muscle using a stiffness-echogenicity matrix.
Assessment of Quality Education in Private Secondary Schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan)

Abstract The current study evaluates the quality of education in private secondary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan). It is descriptive in nature. The study population included principals, teachers and students of private secondary schools of Kohat. All the principals of 30 private secondary schools were selected as sample whereas random sampling technique was employed for selecting the study sample of teachers and students. Three different questionnaires were framed by using a five-point Likert scale. Data were interpreted by simple percentages. The results revealed that majority of teachers of private secondary schools are professionals, yet they were not content with their pay and service structure. It was concluded that the schools follow the curriculum prescribed by Education Boards. There were scientific labs, but there was also a lack of modern and contemporary books in libraries. Key words: facilities; private schools; qualified teachers; secondary school level. --- Sažetak U ovome istraživanju ispituje se kvaliteta obrazovanja u privatnim srednjim skolama u KhyberPakhtunkhwi u Pakistanu. Istraživanje je deskriptivnoga karaktera. Populacija ispitanika sastojala se od ravnatelja, nastavnika i ucenika privatnih srednjih skola u Kohatu. Ravnatelji svih 30 privatnih srednjih skola odabrani su za uzorak ispitanika, a tehnikom slucajnoga uzorkovanja odabran je ostatak ispitanika. Izrađena su tri razlicita upitnika po modelu Likertove skale od 5 stupnjeva. Podatci su interpretirani s pomocu jednostavnih postotaka. Rezultati su pokazali da je vecina nastavnika privatnih srednjih skola strucna, no nisu bili zadovoljni svojom placom i strukturom zaposlenika u skoli. Zakljucak je da skole prate kurikul koji propisuje nadležni odbor. U skolama postoje laboratoriji za prirodoslovne predmete, no u knjižnicama nedostaju moderna i suvremena literatura. Kljucne rijeci: privatne skole; prateci objekti; kvalificirani nastavnici; srednjoskolska razina obrazovanja.
Association between host TNF-α, TGF-β1, p53 polymorphisms, HBV X gene mutation, HBV viral load and the progression of HBV-associated chronic liver disease in Indonesian patients

In developing countries, including Indonesia, there is a high mortality rate associated with the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated chronic liver disease (CLD). The pathogenesis of HBV infection is influenced by viral and host factors. To determine potential associations between these factors, host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on TNF-α, TGF-β1 and p53, HBV X gene mutation and HBV viral load were investigated in patients with HBV-associated CLD in Surabaya, Indonesia. Sera were collected from 87 CLD patients with HBV infection. TNF-α, TGF-β1 and p53 SNPs were genotyped by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism. The HBV X gene was sequenced and compared with reference strains to determine mutations and the viral load was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. In Indonesian patients, no association between TNF-α, TGF-β1 and p53 SNPs and CLD or X gene mutation were identified. A total of 23% (20/87) of samples had HBV X gene mutations, including ten substitution types, one deletion and one insertion. Multinomial regression analysis revealed that the K130M/V131I mutations were correlated with CLD progression (OR, 7.629; 95% CI, 1.578-36.884). Significant differences in viral load were found in HBV-infected patients who had X gene mutations, such as R87W/G, I127L/T/N/S and K130M/V131I mutations (P<0.05). The presence of K130M and V131I mutations may be predictive for the progression of HBV-associated CLD in Indonesia.
Weakly Supervised Learning for Compositional Sentiment Recognition Master

I declare that I have authored this thesis independently, that I have not used other than the declared sources / resources, that I have explicitly marked all material which has been quoted either literally or by content from the used sources and that this work has not been submitted, either in part or whole, for a degree at this or any other University. A conference submission based on parts of this thesis has been prepared in cooperation with my supervisor, Dr. Yannick Versley. The paper titled Subsentential Sentiment Analysis on a Shoestring: A Crosslingual Analysis of Compositional Classification has
Reflective –Formative Measurement Model of Social Factors and Willlingness To Share Knowledge

This paper aims to investigate the convergent and construct validity between reflective and formative measurement model. The difference assessment presents a different result of the validity. This paper analysed the reflective construct followed by formative measurement of second-order constructs (i.e., social factors and willingness to share knowledge) using SmartPLS. The data were collected from 150 of the knowledge worker in the ICT industry which registered in a MSC Company. The finding confirmed the indicator and construct examined in the model were valid and reliable. Furthermore, details of discriminant validity, collinearity, tolerance, and variance influence factor were also further discussed. The implication of this finding are brought to fore.
Organizational career growth and career commitment: Moderated mediation model of work engagement and role modeling

Abstract This study aimed to expand our understanding of the role of organizational career growth in relation to career commitment, as mediated by work engagement. In total, 330 respondents recruited from a large hotel and resort company in South Korea were included in the analysis. Structural equation modeling and the PROCESS macro for SPSS were used to analyze the proposed hypotheses. The results revealed that the intrinsic function of organizational career growth was positively associated with work engagement. Furthermore, work engagement mediated the relationship between the intrinsic function of organizational career growth and career commitment. Moreover, employees’ perception of leaders as role models moderated the relationship between work engagement and career commitment. In particular, the mediating role of work engagement in the relationship between the intrinsic function of organizational career growth and career commitment was stronger when employees perceived their leaders as role models. This paper also discusses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
The Impacts of Judge Ideology on Auditors’ Litigation Risk: Evidence from Auditors’ Behaviors

This study investigates whether and how judge ideology affects auditors’ litigation risk. Using the appointing president’s political affiliation to measure federal judge ideology, we document that audit fees charged to auditees locating in jurisdictions of circuit courts with more Democratic judges are higher. We also document that the auditees locating in jurisdictions of circuit courts with more Democratic judges are more likely to receive going concern opinions. We do not find meaningful impact of judge ideology on audit quality. We interpret our results as that judge ideology is an important factor in the legal environment that affects auditors’ behavior and auditors believe that the impact of judge ideology is resulted from political consideration rather than from interpretation of auditors’ professionalism.
Determinants of Banking Stability in Nigeria

This study investigates the determinants of banking stability in Nigeria. Banking stability is crucial for economic growth and financial development. This study uses aggregate outcomes rather than individual bank performance to analyze the determinants of banking stability in Nigeria. Using aggregate outcomes allows us to focus on the changes occurring in the banking industry as a whole. The findings reveal that bank efficiency, the size of nonperforming loans, regulatory capital ratios, greater financial depth and banking concentration are significant determinants of banking stability in Nigeria. The findings have implications. One implication of this study is that bank supervisors should intensify its effort in addressing the nonperforming loans, capital adequacy problems issues in Nigeria. Also, bank supervisors should ensure that policies designed to improve the workings of the financial system are complied with.
Attitudes Toward and Perceptions of the Ambiguity of House and Stock Prices

This study estimates individuals' attitudes toward and perceptions of ambiguity of house prices and stock prices, using experiment data from the Rand American Life Panel (ALP) survey. We estimate two important parameters in multiple prior models and -MaxMin ambiguity preferences: the degree of ambiguity aversion and the degree of confidence in the reference prior distribution of future prices, this being a measurement of the perceived level of ambiguity. Regarding attitudes, we find that individuals are slightly ambiguity seeking with regard to house prices while they are slightly ambiguity averse with regard to stock prices. Their degree of confidence in the reference distribution for stocks is lower than for house prices. We also find that increased state-level house price volatility during the past year and growth of house price in the past three years increase perceived ambiguity. Moreover, ambiguity matters in that ambiguity-averse renters are less likely to buy a house. Correspondingly, ambiguity-averse stock investors tend to have less stock holdings.
Monetary Policy Transmission during Multiple Indicator Regime: A Case of India

The effectiveness of monetary policy critically depends upon how well the transmission mechanism functions, so that the desired impact on output and inflation is achieved. The purpose of this paper is to study the transmission mechanism of monetary policy by analyzing the impact on inflation and output during multiple indicator regime (1998-99 to 2014) in an emerging economy-India. The Inflation Targeting Regime is also briefly outlined alongwith the impact on output and inflation. Using quarterly data for the period 1997 to 2017, the paper uses weighted average call money market rate as a proxy for the policy rate and evaluates the strength of the interest rate channel. We use a conventional Structural vector auto regression (SVAR) methodology to evaluate the efficacy and show the impluse response functions. Our results find that changes in the policy rate impact output growth steeply with a lag of about two quarters and the impact on inflation is maximized after three quarters. The study concludes that the monetary policy in India has a significant impact on output and inflation in the short-to-medium-run. After the policy shock, the fall in the output growth rate is of greater magnitude than the fall in inflation.
Destination as Product Placement: An Advertising Strategy to Impact Beliefs and Behavioral Intentions

Abstract This study identified the effect of destination placement (present vs. absent) on consumers’ responses to the place and branded product and the subsequent effect on consumers’ intention to visit the destination and purchase the brand, respectively in order to establish how a destination may effectively collaborate with a brand as part of their advertising. Results demonstrated the presence of a destination positively influences both destination and product beliefs. Also, this study found that consumers’ familiarity with the destination in the branded advertisement can enhance the relationship between destination placement and destination beliefs and product beliefs. Lastly, results showed that consumers’ beliefs about a particular destination positively influence their visit intentions, and consumers’ beliefs about a branded product positively affect their purchase intention.
Information Environments and High Price Impact Trades: Implication for Volatility and Price Efficiency

We include trade matchedness to Limit Order Book (LOB) as an extended identification dimension of High Price Impact Trades (HPITs). HPITs are trades associated with disproportionately large price changes in comparison with their volume proportion and are related to informed trades. We show that the introduction of matchedness provides finer informed trading identification, and we find that a stronger presence of HPITs leads to a decline in volatility due to more contrarian informed trades, but this decline varies with information environments. Finally, we conclude that HPITs mainly reflect belief-based (fundamental-based) information in a high (low) public disclosure environment.