Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute repair of chondrocytes in the rabbit tibiofemoral joint following blunt impact using P188 surfactant and a preliminary investigation of its long‐term efficacy

Recent studies have indicated that there may be a correlation between acute chondrocyte damage and joint degeneration reminiscent of early‐stage osteoarthritis (OA). P188 surfactant has been shown to acutely restore the integrity of damaged chondrocytes; however, its long‐term efficacy is unknown. The hypothesis of this study was that a single injection of P188 into a traumatized joint would acutely repair damaged cell membranes and maintain their viability in the long term. Twelve rabbits were divided into two groups, with and without P188, and sacrificed 4 days after tibiofemoral (TF) impact. Another six rabbits were sacrificed after 6 weeks and divided into two groups, with and without P188 treatment immediately posttrauma. Treatment with P188 increased the viable cell density 4 days posttrauma. A higher density of viable cells was also documented 6 weeks posttrauma in the treated versus untreated limb. The results of the current study confirm the acute efficacy of P188 treatment, and may suggest long‐term efficacy of treatment, but additional studies are still needed to investigate the chronic implications of the acute repair of cells in the traumatized joint. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:553–558, 2010
Intergenerational Mobility in Norway, 1865–201

There are large differences in intergenerational mobility between countries. However, little is known about how persistent such differences are, and how they evolve over time. This paper constructs a data set of 835,537 linked father-son pairs from census records and documents a substantial increase in intergenerational occupational mobility in Norway between 1865 and 2011. The increase is most pronounced in nonfarm occupations. The findings show that long-run mobility developments previously described for the US and UK are not necessarily representative for other countries, and that high mobility in a given country today need not reflect high mobility before industrialization.
Tumor suppressor function of Rab25 in triple‐negative breast cancer

Rab proteins are a group of ubiquitously expressed proteins that are responsible for intracellular transport of vesicles. Recent evidence has shown that certain Rab proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. We have recently shown that Rab25 is lost in a large fraction of breast cancer samples, particularly those derived from hormonally insensitive tumors. We have further investigated the role of Rab25 by re‐expressing Rab25 in tumorigenic cell lines and measuring the impact on tumor formation as well as on various molecular pathways through PCR array analysis. In vivo tumor growth of cell lines with re‐expressed Rab25 was markedly suppressed. Our data suggest that Rab25 acts through multiple pathways to enhance apoptosis and to suppress angiogenesis and invasion by modulating VEGF‐A and VEGFR‐1 expression. These findings suggest that Rab25 represents a novel class of cellular modulators that can influence both tumor initiation and the progression of the established tumors, thus ultimately affecting the biology of the malignant disease.
Evaluation of Cognitive Characteristics of Patients Developing Manifestations of Parkinsonism Secondary to Long-Term Ephedrone Use

Aim: In this study, cognitive functions of 9 patients developing parkinsonism due to chronic manganese intoxication by intravenous methcathinone solution were investigated using detailed neuropsychometric tests. Method: Attention deficit, verbal and nonverbal memory, visuospatial function, constructive ability, language, and executive (frontal) functions of 9 patients who were admitted to our clinic with manifestations of chronic manganese intoxication and 9 control subjects were assessed using neuropsychometric tests. Two years later, detailed repeat neuropsychometric tests were performed in the patient group. The results were evaluated using the χ2 test, Fisher's exact probability test, Student's t test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: While there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in language functions, visuospatial functions and constructive ability, a statistically significant difference was noted between both groups regarding attention (p = 0.032), calculation (p = 0.004), recall and recognition domains of verbal memory, nonverbal memory (p = 0.021) and some domains of frontal functions (Stroop-5 and spontaneous recovery) (p = 0.022 and 0.012). Repeat neuropsychometric test results of the patients were not statistically significant 2 years later. Conclusion: It has been observed that cognitive dysfunction seen in parkinsonism secondary to chronic manganese intoxication may be long-lasting and may not recover as observed in motor dysfunction.
Effect of Pretreatment with Methylthiouracil on Results of 131I Therapy

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Circular oligomerization is an intrinsic property of synaptotagmin

Previously, we showed that synaptotagmin1 (Syt1) forms Ca2+-sensitive ring-like oligomers on membranes containing acidic lipids and proposed a potential role in regulating neurotransmitter release (Zanetti et al., 2016). Here, we report that Syt1 assembles into similar ring-like oligomers in solution when triggered by naturally occurring polyphosphates (PIP2 and ATP) and magnesium ions (Mg2+). These soluble Syt1 rings were observed by electron microscopy and independently demonstrated and quantified using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Oligomerization is triggered when polyphosphates bind to the polylysine patch in C2B domain and is stabilized by Mg2+, which neutralizes the Ca2+-binding aspartic acids that likely contribute to the C2B interface in the oligomer. Overall, our data show that ring-like polymerization is an intrinsic property of Syt1 with reasonable affinity that can be triggered by the vesicle docking C2B-PIP2 interaction and raise the possibility that Syt1 rings could pre-form on the synaptic vesicle to facilitate docking.
Knowing 'something is not right' is beyond intuition: development of a clinical algorithm to enhance surveillance and assist nurses to organise and communicate clinical findings.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To develop a clinical algorithm to guide nurses' critical thinking through systematic surveillance, assessment, actions required and communication strategies. To achieve this, an international, multiphase project was initiated. BACKGROUND Patients receive hospital care postoperatively because they require the skilled surveillance of nurses. Effective assessment of postoperative patients is essential for early detection of clinical deterioration and optimal care management. Despite the significant amount of time devoted to surveillance activities, there is lack of evidence that nurses use a consistent, systematic approach in surveillance, management and communication, potentially leading to less optimal outcomes. Several explanations for the lack of consistency have been suggested in the literature. DESIGN Mixed methods approach. METHODS Retrospective chart review; semi-structured interviews conducted with expert nurses (n = 10); algorithm development. RESULTS Themes developed from the semi-structured interviews, including (1) complete, systematic assessment, (2) something is not right (3) validating with others, (4) influencing factors and (5) frustration with lack of response when communicating findings were used as the basis for development of the Surveillance Algorithm for Post-Surgical Patients. CONCLUSION The algorithm proved beneficial based on limited use in clinical settings. Further work is needed to fully test it in education and practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The Surveillance Algorithm for Post-Surgical Patients represents the approach of expert nurses, and serves to guide less expert nurses' observations, critical thinking, actions and communication. Based on this approach, the algorithm assists nurses to develop skills promoting early detection, intervention and communication in cases of patient deterioration.
Featureless robot navigation using optical flow

In this paper, we aim to develop an algorithm for featureless navigation of an autonomous robot using optical flow observed through a vision system mounted on a mobile robot. Furthermore, we show that this optical flow observed from a mobile robot for navigation of it is also used in the construction of environmental maps. Our algorithm first detects an area corresponding to the dominant plane from a sequence of images employing optical flow and, second, backprojects the dominant plane to the environment for the construction of the environmental map. Moreover, our algorithm estimates ego-motion of the mobile robot using projected optical flow. The planar area detection by our method does not require any physical assumptions concerning the robot motion of any camera calibration. Therefore, our algorithm allows obstacles to be detected without using any feature in the environment and any heuristics rule. We show the results of the construction of an environmental map using the mobile robot.
Initial peaks and final falls in the intonation of Manchego Spanish wh-questions

Abstract This paper investigates the phonetics and phonology of initial peaks and final falls in wh-questions produced by speakers of the variety of Spanish spoken in the Castile-La Mancha (Manchego) region of Spain. The acoustic analysis is based on speech data for nine speakers, and the goal is to identify how utterance-initial and utterance-final F0 gestures relate to broader issues in intonational phonology and the prosodic signaling of wh-questions. The findings for left periphery constituents provide evidence for a H tone at the utterance boundary for all speakers, although the exact autosegmental representation cannot be provided due to variability in peak alignment patterns. The findings for right periphery constituents indicate two distinct speaker groups based on nuclear syllable and posttonic gestures. Specifically, the continuum of final falls is motivated by contrasting bitonal nuclear pitch accent configurations: H + L* vs. ¡L + H*. The boundary L% specification is argued for all speakers in spite of seemingly divergent posttonic gestures. The experimental findings speak to cross-linguistic issues such as prominence marking in wh-question intonation, the syntax-prosody interface in wh-questions, and the internal structure of pitch accent configurations.
The Cutting-Edge Technique for Safe Osteotomies in Craniofacial Surgery: The Piezosurgery Bone Scalpel

The risk of dura mater damage is reduced by the new generation of drills for craniotomy1 and by the new application of endoscopic techniques.2 Anecdotal reports3,4 describing intraoperative injury of the soft tissue resulting from the use of drills and saws may be found in the current literature. Appropriate decompression of cranial nerves is now safer as a result of the most updated technologies.5,6 All surgeons—neurosurgeons; plastic; maxillofacial; and ear, nose, and throat—dealing with craniotomies or with cranial nerve decompression are aware that soft-tissue and nerve damage is still possible during osteotomy. The instruments used are drills or saws regardless of whether the bone thickness is greater than 10 mm or just 0.5 mm. Craniotomy and nerve decompression are highly demanding procedures from the very beginning, and utmost care is always required during the osteotomy. Actually, the rate of soft-tissue damage (dural tear, nerve injury) seems to be higher than that reported in the literature. Our impression is based on our clinical experience and on personal reports by several colleagues. Currently, the available instruments for performing osteotomies involve the use of drills and saws (reciprocating or oscillating). Drills constitute a major element in the evolution of craniofacial surgery. They are constantly becoming more specialized and miniaturized,1,7 with several heads and tips for different purposes that efficiently cut the bone. However, drills and saws may also cut the soft tissues below or beside the bone because a rotating tip or a sawing blade usually does not stop on contact with a structure of different density. These instruments therefore require a long period of training for appropriate and safe use. We wondered whether it would not be easier and safer to perform osteotomies with an instrument able to selectively cut only the bony structure. Could such an instrument decrease the stress for the surgeon? Would the instrument have a short learning curve? In the present article, we introduce to the practice of craniofacial surgery and neurosurgery a new ultrasound instrument that has previously been used for maxillary sinus osteotomies by oral surgeons.8–10 Ultrasonic cutting of soft and hard tissues is not an original idea.11–25 However, the present instrument is more powerful and precise than the previous generation. The characteristics of the Piezosurgery bone scalpel seemed so important to us that we wanted to share our preliminary results with our colleagues, even if the present series has a limited number of cases.
Testing the performance of a prototype lateral flow device using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in high‐risk patients

The diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) increasingly relies on non‐culture‐based biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The Aspergillus lateral flow device (LFD) is a rapid immunoassay that uses a novel Aspergillus monoclonal antibody to gain specificity. The objective of the study is to compare specificity and sensitivity of the prototype LFD and the galactomannan (GM) enzyme immunoassay in BAL fluid in high‐risk patients. A total of 114 BAL samples from 106 patients at high risk for IPA were studied: 8 patients had proven/probable IPA, 16 had possible IPA and 82 did not have IPA. In patients with proven/probable IPA, specificity of LFD was 94% and GM was 89%; sensitivity of LFD was 38% and GM was 75%. Negative predictive value (NPV) for LFD was 94% and for GM was 98%; positive predictive value (PPV) was 38% for both tests. The use of anti‐mould prophylaxis did not affect specificity but resulted in decreased NPV of both LFD and GM. Union and intersection analysis showed no improvement in the performance by using both tests. Among patients at risk for IPA, the diagnostic performance of LFD and GM in BAL fluid appears comparable; specificity is high, but sensitivity of both LFD and GM is poor.
Highly Efficient Acetalization and Ketalization Catalyzed by Cobaloxime under Solvent-Free Condition

An efficient catalytic system was developed for the acetalization and ketalization of carbonyl compounds with polyhydric alcohols under mild solvent-free conditions. In the presence of 0.1 mol% CoCl2 and 0.2 mol% dimethylglyoxime at 70 °C under 5 KPa pressure for 1 h, 95.3% conversion of cyclohexanone and 100% selectivity of the corresponding cyclic ketal could be obtained, where TOF reached as high as 953 h−1. It is proposed that the in situ generated planartetracoordinate cobaloxime played the key role in the catalytic cycle and was responsible for the excellent catalytic performance.
Elimination of quantifiers for ordered valuation rings

Cherlin and Dickmann [2] proved that the theory RCVR of real closed (valuation) rings admits quantifier-elimination (q.e.) in the language ℒ = {+, −, ·, 0, 1, <, ∣} for ordered rings augmented by the divisibility relation “∣”. The purpose of this paper is to prove a form of converse of this result: Theorem. Let T be a theory of ordered commutative domains (which are not fields), formulated in the language ℒ. In addition we assume that: (1) The symbol “∣” is interpreted as the honest divisibility relation: (2) The following divisibility property holds in T: If T admits q.e. in ℒ, then T = RCVR. We do not know at present whether the restriction imposed by condition (2) can be weakened. The divisibility property (DP) has been considered in the context of ordered valued fields; see [4] for example. It also appears in [2], and has been further studied in Becker [1] from the point of view of model theory. Ordered domains in which (DP) holds are called in [1] convexly ordered valuation rings, for reasons which the proposition below makes clear. The following summarizes the basic properties of these rings: Proposition I [2, Lemma 4]. (1) Let A be a linearly ordered commutative domain. The following are equivalent: (a) A is a convexly ordered valuation ring. (b) Every ideal (or, equivalently, principal ideal) is convex in A. (c) A is a valuation ring convex in its field of fractions quot(A). (d) A is a valuation ring and its maximal ideal MA is convex (in A or, equivalently, in quot (A)). (e) A is a valuation ring and its maximal ideal is bounded by ± 1.
Impact of national guidelines on reporting anaphylaxis during anaesthesia – an outcome audit

Anaphylaxis during anaesthesia is a rare and potentially fatal event. Adequate reporting and investigation of anaphylaxis associated with anaesthesia results in improved patient safety and outcomes. Guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI) designed to improve this process were first issued in 1990 and updated in 1995, 2003 and 2008. In a setting where no formal guideline was previously in place, we compared the reporting and investigation of anaphylaxis in a large hospital before and after the introduction of the 2008 guideline.
Plant-derived recombinant immune complexes as self-adjuvanting TB immunogens for mucosal boosting of BCG.

Progress with protein-based tuberculosis (TB) vaccines has been limited by poor availability of adjuvants suitable for human application. Here, we developed and tested a novel approach to molecular engineering of adjuvanticity that circumvents the need for exogenous adjuvants. Thus, we generated and expressed in transgenic tobacco plants the recombinant immune complexes (RICs) incorporating the early secreted Ag85B and the latency-associated Acr antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, genetically fused as a single polypeptide to the heavy chain of a monoclonal antibody to Acr. The RICs were formed by virtue of the antibody binding to Acr from adjacent molecules, thus allowing self-polymerization of the complexes. TB-RICs were purified from the plant extracts and shown to be biologically active by demonstrating that they could bind to C1q component of the complement and also to the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Mice immunized with BCG and then boosted with two intranasal immunizations with TB-RICs developed antigen-specific serum IgG antibody responses with mean end-point titres of 1 : 8100 (Acr) and 1 : 24 300 (Ag85B) and their splenocytes responded to in vitro stimulation by producing interferon gamma. 25% of CD4+ proliferating cells simultaneously produced IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α, a phenotype that has been linked with protective immune responses in TB. Importantly, mucosal boosting of BCG-immunized mice with TB-RICs led to a reduced M. tuberculosis infection in their lungs from log10 mean = 5.69 ± 0.1 to 5.04 ± 0.2, which was statistically significant. We therefore propose that the plant-expressed TB-RICs represent a novel molecular platform for developing self-adjuvanting mucosal vaccines.
Psychological Approach to the Cardiac Arrhythmias: Focus on the Emotions

This chapter proposes a psychological approach to the cardiac arrhythmias. Initially, psychosocial risk factors highlighted in the specialized literature will be reviewed: socioeconomic status, social support, age, gender, type A behavior pattern, stress and depression. Following this, studies regarding the impact of negative emotions and positive emotions on cardiac rhythm will be reported, with emphasis on the investigation conducted during the Holter monitoring. Finally, prospects for future research will be outlined and the role of the psychologist in Cardiology will be discussed.
Combined analysis of monocyte and lymphocyte messenger RNA expression with serum protein profiles in patients with scleroderma.

OBJECTIVE We attempted to elucidate possible pathogenetic mechanisms in scleroderma by analysis of gene expression patterns of purified monocytes and lymphocytes, as well as protein profiles of cytokines and growth factors. METHODS Expression analysis was performed on messenger RNA (mRNA) from cells that had been purified with magnetic beads. Plasma samples from the same patients were used for multiplex cytokine analysis. Potential sources of proteins were also examined by in situ hybridization of skin specimens. RESULTS A total of 1,800 genes from monocytes and 863 genes from CD4+ T cells were differentially expressed in scleroderma patients. As observed by other investigators using unfractionated peripheral blood cells from patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases, the cell type-specific analyses of our scleroderma samples showed expression of genes suggesting the presence of interferon-alpha (IFNalpha), despite the apparent absence of this cytokine in plasma. IFNalpha RNA was, however, expressed at enhanced levels in vascular and perivascular cells in scleroderma skin samples. While levels of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and IL-16 were among 10 proteins found to be significantly elevated in scleroderma patients, none of the large panel of plasma cytokines we analyzed correlated with the expression levels of putative IFN response genes. CONCLUSION The pattern of up-regulation of mRNA in both the monocytes and CD4 lymphocytes of scleroderma patients, together with the detection of IFNalpha RNA in the microvasculature, suggests that leukocytes respond to this cytokine locally in the vessels. Detection of high levels of IL-1alpha and IL-16 in plasma and the independence of these protein levels from the IFN signature, implicates an independent contribution of other cytokines to immune activation and/or inflammation in scleroderma.