Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monitoring cerebrovascular pressure reactivity with rheoencephalography

Determining optimal perfusion pressure for patients with traumatic brain injury can be accomplished by monitoring the pressure reactivity index, or PRx, which requires an intracranial pressure monitor. We hypothesized that pressure reactivity could be quantified using a rheoencephalography index, or REGx. We measured the REGx and PRx as repetitive, low-frequency linear correlation between arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure (PRx) or arterial blood pressure and REG pulse amplitude (REGx) in a piglet model of progressive hypotension. We compared the PRx and REGx against a gold standard determination of the lower limit of autoregulation using laser-Doppler measurements of cortical red cell flux. The PRx produced an accurate metric of vascular reactivity in this cohort, with area under the receiver-operator characteristic curves of 0.91. REGx was moderately correlated to the PRx, (Spearman r = 0.63, p < 0.0001; Bland-Altman bias-0.13). The area under the receiver-operator curve for the REGx was 0.86. Disagreement occurred at extremes of hypotension.
The reliability of three psoriasis assessment tools: Psoriasis area and severity index, body surface area and physician global assessment.

BACKGROUND A wide variety of psoriasis assessment tools have been proposed to evaluate the severity of psoriasis in clinical trials and daily practice. The most frequently used clinical instrument is the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI); however, none of the currently published severity scores used for psoriasis meets all the validation criteria required for an ideal score. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare and assess the reliability of 3 commonly used assessment instruments for psoriasis severity: the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), body surface area (BSA) and physician global assessment (PGA). MATERIAL AND METHODS On the scoring day, 10 trained dermatologists evaluated 9 adult patients with plaque-type psoriasis using the PASI, BSA and PGA. All the subjects were assessed twice by each physician. Correlations between the assessments were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to analyze intra-rater reliability, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was used to assess inter-rater variability. RESULTS Significant correlations were observed among the 3 scales in both assessments. In all 3 scales the ICCs were > 0.75, indicating high intra-rater reliability. The highest ICC was for the BSA (0.96) and the lowest one for the PGA (0.87). The CV for the PGA and PASI were 29.3 and 36.9, respectively, indicating moderate inter-rater variability. The CV for the BSA was 57.1, indicating high inter-rater variability. CONCLUSIONS Comparing the PASI, PGA and BSA, it was shown that the PGA had the highest inter-rater reliability, whereas the BSA had the highest intra-rater reliability. The PASI showed intermediate values in terms of interand intra-rater reliability. None of the 3 assessment instruments showed a significant advantage over the other. A reliable assessment of psoriasis severity requires the use of several independent evaluations simultaneously.
Partial discharge measurements during the degradation of nanocomposite twisted pair specimens

Several electrical aging tests have been carried out on twisted pair specimens prepared by winding wires having conventional or nanostructured enamel insulation. The conventional enamel is polyamide-imide, while the nanostructured enamel is a polyamide imide — silica nanocomposite. The tests have been performed applying sinusoidal voltage at two different frequencies. The partial discharge (PD) signals acquired during the aging tests have been post-processed to define, in the case of the conventional enamel, a reliable parameter useful to implement an empirical prediction model. In this way, after a short PD activity monitoring time, the residual duration of twisted pair specimens can be computed.
Opportunistic target SINR setting for the MIMO broadcast channel

The sum capacity of the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) broadcast channel can be approached by a linear precoding technique called block diagonalization (BD) and by its recent extension that accounts for both in-cell and other-cell interference. In this paper we consider the problem of minimizing the transmitted power subject to a capacity constraint (the power control problem) and maximizing the sum information rate subject to a power constraint (the capacity problem) for the MIMO broadcast channel using BD precoding. Unlike previous works, we do not assume that a minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value is prescribed for each user but impose a fairness constraint on the user SINRs. Our approach preserves the degree of freedom of optimizing the SINR targets (in both problems) and thereby it allows to improve the system performance. We use the Augmented Lagrangian Penalty Function (ALPF) method to solve the respective constrained non-convex optimization problems and study the impact of different fairness constraints on the achievable maximum sum rate or minimum transmitted power. We find that BD with target SINR selection is a promising technique for the power control as well as the capacity problem.
The Capacity of Trading Strategies

Due to non-linear transaction costs, the financial performance of a trading strategy decreases with portfolio size. Using a dynamic trading model a la Garleanu and Pedersen (2013), the authors derive closed-form formulas for the performance-to-scale frontier reached by a trader endowed with a signal predicting stock returns. The decay with scale of the realized Sharpe ratio is slower for strategies that (1) trade more liquid stocks (2) are based on signals that do not fade away quickly and (3) have strong frictionless performance. For an investor ready to accept a Sharpe reduction by 30%, portfolio scale (measured in dollar volatility) is given by a simple formula that is a function of the frictionless Sharpe, a measure of price impact, and a measure of the speed at which the signal fades away. They apply the framework to four well-known strategies. Because stocks have become more liquid, the capacity of strategies has increased in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. Due to high signal persistence, the capacity of a "quality" strategy is an order of magnitude larger than the others and is the only one highly scalable in the mid-cap range.
Samozaznava legitimnosti policistk in policistov v Sloveniji

Namen prispevka: V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate kvantitativne studije o samozaznavi legitimnosti in z njo povezanih spremenljivk (demografske spremenljivke, zaznavanje mnenja obcanov o legitimnosti policistov, odnosi med sodelavci, pravicnost v postopkih nadrejenih in proorganizacijsko vedenje) pri slovenskih policistih, ki smo jo opravili v letu 2013, s poudarkom na primerjavi med policistkami in policisti.
Study of Memristive Elements Networks

The existence of the fourth fundamental circuit element, the memristor, was first postulated over 30 years ago by Leon Chua. The implementation of the first modern memristor prototype by Hewlett Packard Laboratories in 2008 initiated a great scientific interest for these unique nanoelectronic devices and currently, there is a growing variety of systems that exhibit memristive behavior. However, most of the research has focused on the properties of the single devices, therefore very little is known about their response when these devices are organized into networks. In this work, the composite characteristics of memristive elements connected in network configurations are studied and the relationships among the single devices are investigated. We finally show how the threshold-dependent nonlinear memristive behavior could be elaborated to make possible the development of novel and sophisticated digital/analog memristive nanosystems.
Morphometry of normal scalp hair follicles

BACKGROUND Histological description of normal human hair follicle has scarce literature. Recognizing normal scalp follicle and its variability throughout the scalp is fundamental to study scalp disorders. OBJECTIVES To evaluate normal scalp samples in Caucasians considering cross-section area, maximum and minimum diameters of terminal anagen follicles. METHODS Twenty necropsies of Caucasian individuals (10M, 10F) were followed by a 4mm punch biopsy of 4 scalp areas. Transverse sections were evaluated by light microscopy. Terminal anagen follicle cross-section area, maximum and minimum diameters were determined by computer image analysis. Results were compared between sexes and scalp areas. RESULTS Follicular area and maximum and minimum diameters are presented. CONCLUSION No statistically significant differences were observed in follicular maximum diameter and area in several scalp regions. However, the morphometric evaluation of terminal anagen follicles demonstrated greater dimensions within the male group.
PANCREATIC ENZYMEACTIVITY AND THE CELIAC SYNDROME

The clinical features of idiopathic celiac disease include characteristic wasting, more in the limbs than in the face; distension of the abdomen, which may be soft, doughy, and inelastic, or markedly distended and tight; bulky, foul-smelling, frothy stools which contain excess fat; and, often, retardation of growth. To these findings may be added clumping of barium in the small intestine, a flat glucose tolerance curve, and a low rise in the vitamin A in the blood during the vitamin A absorption test (1). It is now recognized that these clinical and laboratory findings are encountered not only in idiopathic celiac disease but that many, if not all, may appear also as a result of, or in association with, congenital malformations of the small intestine and particularly of its mesenteric attachment, chronic infections such as tuberculosis of the peritoneal cavity, obstruction to the lacteals, megacolon, and a number of other disease states. This series of conditions, unrelated etiologically but capable of producing a common clinical picture, have been brought together in recent years under the term celiac syndrome. In one group of patients suffering from a disease which for a long time was confused with idiopathic celiac disease, there has been found at autopsy a diffuse obstructive lesion in the pancreatic acini and ducts, accompanied often by parenchymal atrophy, dilatation of ducts, and fibrosis (2). No designation has been suggested which describes satisfactorily the clinical and pathologic characteristics of this disease, although many terms, among them cystic fibrosis of the pancreas (2), have been employed. This problem will be discussed elsewhere. For temporary convenience, until a more suitable term is found, this lesion will be referred to as "pancreatic fibrosis. " Patients with this pancreatic lesion need not present the clinical features of the celiac syn-
Population structure and biology of shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, in the south-west Indian Ocean

The population structure, reproductive biology, age and growth, and diet of shortfin makos caught by pelagic longliners(2005-10)andbatherprotectionnets(1978-2010)inthesouth-westIndianOceanwereinvestigated.Themean fork length (FL) of makos measured by observers on longliners targeting tuna, swordfish and sharks was similar, and decreased from east to west, with the smallest individuals occurring near the Agulhas Bank edge, June to November. Nearly all makos caught by longliners were immature, with equal sex ratio. Makos caught by bather protection nets were significantlylarger,malesweremorefrequent,and93%ofmalesand55%offemalesweremature.Agewasassessedfrom bandcountsofsectionedvertebrae,andavonBertalanffygrowthmodelfittedtosex-pooledlength-at-agedatapredicteda birth size (L0) of 90cm, maximum FL (LN) of 285cm and growth coefficient (k) of 0.113y � 1 . Males matured at 190cm FL,aged7years,andfemalesat250cm,aged15years.Littersizesrangedfromnineto14pups,andthepresenceofgravid females in bather protection nets suggested that some pupping occurred in shelf waters. Teleosts (mainly Trachurus capensis) occurred in 84% of stomachs collected on longliners, whereas elasmobranchs (63.5%) were most common in samples collected from bather protection nets, followed by teleosts (43.1%) and cephalopods (36.5%). Larger prey size may be a factor that attracts large makos to coastal waters. Additional keywords: demography, GLM, pelagic longline fisheries, shark bycatch, stomach contents.
Toward the Determination of Joint Volatility-Hygroscopicity Distributions: Development and Response Characterization for Single-Component Aerosol

This work presents the development and characterization of a thermodenuder for the study and interpretation of aerosol volatility. Thermodenuder measurements are further combined with a continuous-flow streamwise thermal gradient CCN counter to obtain the corresponding aerosol hygroscopicity. The thermodenuder response function is characterized with monodisperse aerosol of variable volatility and hygroscopicity. The measurements are then interpreted with a comprehensive instrument model embedded within an optimization framework to retrieve aerosol properties with constrained uncertainty. Special attention is given to the interpretation of the size distribution of the thermodenuded aerosol, deconvoluting the effects of impurities and multiple charging, and to simplifications on the treatment of thermodenuder geometry, temperature, the cooling section, and the effects of curvature and accommodation coefficient on inferred particle volatility. Retrieved vapor pressures are consistent with published literature and shown to be most sensitive to uncertainty in the accommodation coefficient. Copyright 2014 American Association for Aerosol Research
Acute stress response in triploid rainbow trout ž / ž Oncorhynchus mykiss and brook trout Sal Õ elinus / fontinalis

The purpose of this study was to determine whether triploid salmonid fishes differ from diploids in their hematological and physiological responses to an acute handling and confinement stress, induced by netting fish from their tanks and placing them in a bucket. Blood samples were Ž . collected from fish prior to the handling stress and at either 30 min rainbow trout or 20 and 40 Ž . min brook trout confinement in the bucket. Plasma cortisol, glucose and chloride levels, Ž hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, total blood cell concentrations erythrocytes and leuco. cytes , and differential leucocyte concentrations and their relative proportions were measured. As expected, resting blood cell concentrations were significantly lower in triploids than in diploids. In all other respects, triploids showed little difference from diploids in either values prior to the stress or in changes in these values induced by the acute stress. Both diploids and triploids showed a marked stress-induced increase in hematocrit and plasma cortisol and glucose, accompanied by a decrease in lymphocyte concentrations. Other values showed minimal or no change resulting from the stress. Triploid salmonid fishes therefore appear to exhibit a typical acute stress response, as has been well described for diploids. q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Measurements of target strength spectra of metal spheres and live fish by using broad band sonar signals of dolphin

This paper describes a method and results of measurements of the target strength (TS) spectra of metal spheres and live fish using sonar signals of dolphins with a broadband system. First, we measured the broadband form function of a tungsten carbide and a copper sphere in a water tank and confirmed good agreements with the theoretical values. Second, we measured the TS spectra of three species of anaesthetized fish in a water tank. Although the spectra showed nearly similar tendencies of past measurements, they varied considerably among the species, the individuals, and the tilt angles. Third, we measured the TS spectra of tethered live fish suspended from a ship at the sea. In this case we removed the directivity of transducers by the tungsten carbide sphere suspended near the fish. The sonar signals of dolphin are effective to measure TS spectra of fish.
Mode of extension and rifting history of upper Tiburón and upper Delfín basins, northern Gulf of California

[1] The crustal structure of the northern Gulf of California transtensional margin has been investigated by a 280-km-long NW-SE profile, including deep multichannel seismic reflection and densely sampled refraction/wide-angle reflection seismic information combined with gravity modeling. The seismic and gravity modeling constrains two thinned crustal areas, corresponding to the upper Delfin and the upper Tiburon basins. On both sides of the profile, toward the Baja California Peninsula and the Mexico mainland, a progressive thickening of the continental crust is observed. Our results indicate that the crustal thickness is 19 km below the coastline, and it decreases to 14 and 17 km below the upper Delfin and upper Tiburon basins, respectively. In the area between both basins, the crust thickens to 19.5 km. There are significant lateral thickness variations for the different levels of the crust. The interpreted structure is consistent with the existence of an aborted rift below the upper Tiburon basin. Prominent dipping reflections in the multichannel data under upper Tiburon basin and the ridge between upper Tiburon and upper Delfin basins can be explained as a mylonite like zone related to a detachment fault. This interpretation suggests that the structural evolution of upper Tiburon basin could be controlled by a major fault that cuts through the upper crust and merges into a zone of subhorizontal reflections in the lower crust. The mode and locus of extension have evolved from a core complex in upper Tiburon to a narrow rift mode in upper Delfin basin.
Bitcoin Mining as a Contest

This paper presents a simple game theoretic framework, assuming complete information, to model Bitcoin mining activity. It does so by formalizing the activity as an all-pay contest: a competition where participants contend with each other to win a prize by investing in computational power, and victory is probabilistic. With at least two active miners, the unique pure strategy Nash equilibrium of the game suggests the following interesting insights on the motivation for being a miner: while the optimal amount of energy consumption depends also on the reward for solving the puzzle, as long as the reward is positive the decision to be an active miner depends only on the mining costs. Moreover, the intrinsic structure of the mining activity seems to prevent the formation of a monopoly, because in an equilibrium with two miners, both of them will have positive expected profits for any level of the opponent’s costs. A monopoly could only form if the rate of return on investment were higher outside bitcoin.
Effect of Soaking Temperature on Physical and Functional Properties of Parboiled Rice Cultivars Grown in Temperate Region of India

The physical and functional properties of seven parboiled rice cultivars (Jehlum, K-332, Koshar, Pusa-3, SKAU-345, SKAU-382 and SR-1) were investigated at different soaking temperatures of 60℃, 70℃ and 80℃ and it was compared with the brown raw rice of the respective cultivars. Parboiling was observed to decrease L* value and increase a* and b* values. The hardness of rice was significantly increased after parboiling and varied among the cultivars with the highest in Jehlum. Parboiling resulted in the decrease of pasting parameters with the increase in soaking temperature from 60℃ to 80℃. The pasting characteristics of parboiled rice sample showed the typical behaviour having high initial viscosity, but lower peak viscosity in comparison to raw rice. The water absorption index and water solubility indices were subsequently increased with the increase in soaking temperature.
A high-efficiency class-E GaN HEMT power amplifier at 1.9 GHz

A single stage class-E power amplifier in GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology is reported. The circuit operates at 1.9 GHz. At 30-V drain bias, a power-added-efficiency (PAE) of 57% and a maximum output power of over 37dBm was achieved, corresponding to a power density of 5.25W/mm. At 40-V drain bias, an output power of 38.7dBm is achieved at 50% PAE corresponding to a power density of 7.4W/mm
Methodological limitations of counting total leukocytes and thrombocytes in reptiles (Amazon turtle, Podocnemis expansa): an analysis and discussion

The aim of this paper is to compare three different methods for counting white blood cells [WBC] (Natt and Herrick method, estimation with 1,000 and 2,000 erythrocytes) and three methods for counting total thrombocytes [TT] (Wojtaszek method, estimation with 1,000 and 2,000 erythrocytes) in a South American freshwater turtle species, Podocnemis expansa, Schweigger 1812 (Reptilia, Pelomedusidae). Direct WBC counts using the Natt and Herrick method showed limitations, which are discussed here. The WBC and TT counts using 1,000 erythrocytes from blood smears are not recommended for Amazon turtles nor other reptilian species, since wide variation in counts can be observed. Estimation methods for determining WBC and TT based on 2,000 erythrocytes of blood smears were most acceptable because they allow a differentiation between leukocytes and thrombocytes and also had a smaller variation. The methods investigated here for the Amazon turtle, which have been widely used in other reptile species, provided evidence that the most acceptable method is not that of using diluted stains and a hemocytometer.
Signal Transduction Evaluating TBK 1 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancers with Activated IRF 3

TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) is a noncanonical IkB protein kinase that phosphorylates and activates downstream targets such as IRF3 and c-Rel and, mediates NF-kB activation in cancer. Previous reports demonstrated synthetic lethality of TBK1 with mutant KRAS in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); thus, TBK1 could be a novel target for treatment ofKRAS-mutantNSCLC.Here, the effect of TBK1 onproliferation in a panel of cancer cells by both genetic and pharmacologic approaches was evaluated. In KRAS-mutant cancer cells, reduction of TBK1 activity by knockdown or treatment with TBK1 inhibitors did not correlate with reduced proliferation in a two-dimensional viability assay. Verification of target engagement via reduced phosphorylation of S386 of IRF3 (pIRF3) was difficult to assess inNSCLCcells due to lowprotein expression.However, several cell lines were identified with high pIRF3 levels after screening a large panel of cell lines, many of which also harbor KRASmutations. Specifically, a large subset of KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer cell lines was uncovered with high constitutive pIRF3 levels, which correlated with high levels of phosphorylated S172 of TBK1 (pTBK1). Finally, TBK1 inhibitors dose-dependently inhibited pIRF3 in these cell lines, but this did not correlate with inhibition of cell growth. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the regulation of pathways important for cell proliferation in some NSCLC, pancreatic, and colorectal cell lines is not solely dependent on TBK1 activity. Implications:TBK1has therapeutic potential under certain contexts and phosphorylation of its downstream target IRF3 is a biomarker of TBK1 activity. Visual Overview: http://mcr.aacrjournals. org/content/12/7/1055/F1.large. jpg. Mol Cancer Res; 12(7); 1055–66. 2014 AACR.