Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: Barriers related to effective treatment

Abstract Background: Oral cavity cancer is a significant health problem in India. Majority of patients present with locally advanced disease requiring multimodality treatment. Compliance to recommended treatment is an important factor affecting outcome. Aims: The aim was to evaluate the outcome of locally advanced oral cavity cancer patients with regards to treatment adherence and to assess reasons of noncompliance. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study. We included patients referred to Department of Medical Oncology for induction chemotherapy in view of locally advanced oral cavity cancer. Results: Only 15 (26%) patients completed planned treatment schedule. Their 1 year overall survival was 93%. The remaining 43 patients who received inadequate treatment had a dismal 21% 1 year overall survival. Illiteracy, poverty, long waiting list for surgery, prolonged delay for health scheme treatment plan approval and dissatisfaction with attitude of hospital staffs are major barriers related to effective treatment of these patients. Conclusions: A detailed discussion with patient and their relatives regarding recommended treatment, proper implementation of health schemes, increasing trained manpower to avoid long waiting list for surgery, provision of additional financial support for family member accompanying the patient and a sympathetic approach toward patients are needed to help these patients overcome the battle.
Conditions governing the pulmonary vascular response to ventilation hypoxia and hypoxaemia in the dog

1. Isolated lung lobes of the dog perfused through the pulmonary circulation only with atropinized autologous blood obtained by bleeding out the animal under general anaesthesia or following premedication with morphine hydrochloride were subjected to repetitive tests of ventilation hypoxia, the control and test gas mixtures containing similar concentrations of CO2.
Hybrid ART / Kohonen Neural Model for Document Image Compression

A new neural direct classification model, DC, is introduced for image data compression. It is based on the Adaptive Resonance Theorem (ART1) and the Kohonen Self Organizing Feature Map (KSOFM) neural models. The input subimage domain is clustered into classes of similar subimages. Each class will have a center of mass subimage representative, called centroid. The main goal of the DC training/compression phase is to develop a table of all class' centroids (codebook) and map each input subimage into its class centroid index in the codebook. The process of deciding the membership of an input subimage to some hosting class is similar to the ART1 mechanism. However, the updating of the host class centroid is related to the KSOFM approach. An input image is compressed into a set of centroid' indices, one per subimage, and a local codebook. Compression is realized because the bit size of the input subimage is an order of magnitude larger than its encoding centroid index. The DC model has achieved much better results than the state-of-the-art peer document compression techniques, e.g., JPEG, DjVu, Wavelet, etc.
Epothilone induced cytotoxicity is dependent on p53 status in prostate cells

Epothilones are a promising class of drugs in clinical trials of prostate cancer that target the microtubules, similar to taxanes, and induce apoptosis in taxane resistant tumors. The tumor suppressor p53 is one important molecular mechanism of chemotherapy resistance that in some studies predicted tumor sensitivity to paclitaxel. We hypothesized that epothilone induced cytotoxicity would be influenced by the status of p53 in prostate cells.
Apports des modèles de survie relative dans la modélisation des patients transplantés rénaux : Application à la cohorte DIVAT

L’etude de la survie occupe une place importante de la statistique appliquee aux cohortes en epidemiologie clinique. Recemment, le developpement des modeles de survie relative a permis d’etudier la survenue d’evenements lies specifiquement a un groupe sans necessite de connaitre la cause de l’evenement, en comparant la survie observee dans un groupe d’etude a celle attendue dans un groupe controle. Dans ce manuscrit, nous appliquons cette approche a l’etude de deux cohortes de patients transplantes renaux. La premiere application vise a comparer la survie des premieres et des secondes transplantations renales. Nous presentons d’abord une approche de survie classique dont nous discutons les limites. Dans la seconde application, nous nous interessons a la mortalite relative des patients transplantes pour la premiere fois par rapport a ceux restes en dialyse. Pour ce faire, nous modelisons d’abord la mortalite attendue en dialyse a l’aide d’un modele de melange parametrique afin de tenir compte de la competition entre le deces et la transplantation apres l’inscription sur liste d’attente de greffe.
Financial Performance Analysis of SMEs Before and After Initial Public Offering (IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)

SME funding needs have not been fully met. IPO is one of the efforts that can be done by SMEs to meet these funding needs. However, it is not yet known whether the financial performance of SMEs will increase after conducting an IPO. This study aims to analyze the financial performance of SMEs before and after the IPO. The sample of this study is SMEs that listed on the IDX in 2017, which is as many as five SMEs. SME financial performance is measured through three SME financial ratios, namely liquidity, solvency, and profitability. The paired sample t-test was used to compare the financial performance of SMEs before and after the IPO. The results showed that there is no significant difference in the financial performance of SMEs before and after the IPO. The results of this study provide recommendations for further research related to the valuation and performance of SME IPOs.
Dynamics of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in relation to stand type , stand age and soil texture in the boreal mixedwood

In the boreal mixed forest, stand composition generally changes from deciduous to mixed to coniferous stands during postdisturbance succession. Our objective was to determine the in ̄uence of forest composition on the quality of soil nitrogen and carbon as determined by C and N mineralization during the course of a long-term in vitro incubation (282 days). Three stand types (Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, and conifers (mixture of Abies balsamea and Picea glauca )), of two ages (50 and 124 years since ®re) growing on two soil types (clay and till) were considered. Expressed on an organic C basis, our results showed a greater N mineralization for deciduous than coniferous stands, both in the mineral soil and the forest ̄oor, a higher N mineralization in the mineral soil of older stands as compared with young ones, and in till than in clay soils. Mineralization of C was higher in the forest ̄oor of clay soils as compared to till soils while the opposite was found in the mineral soil. It was also higher in both soil layers of older sites. The observed dierences in N and C mineralization among stand types, stand ages and deposits appeared to be due to dierences in the most labile fraction of soil organic matter because these dierences were observed within 100 days of incubation. The ratio of C mineralized±N mineralized was greater in coniferous than deciduous soils in both soil layers, indicating a lesser quality of organic matter under coniferous stands. Despite signi®cant dierences among the above-listed factors for N and C mineralization on an organic C basis, the pool size of mineralized (or mineralizable) N and C was generally not signi®cantly dierent between the dierent forest and soil types because of an inverse relationship between quality and quantity of soil organic matter. Correlation and multiple regression analysis indicated that clay content (negatively), C±N ratio (negatively), available P as well as exchangeable Mn were related to the mineralization of N. 7 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Human intraperitoneal microdialysis: increased lactate/pyruvate ratio suggests early visceral ischaemia. A pilot study.

BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that visceral ischaemia precedes shock and multiple organ failure, though methods for studying humans are lacking. We aimed to evaluate intraperitoneal microdialysis, a new technique for detecting splanchnic ischaemia in clinical practice. METHODS Right-sided hemicolectomy was performed in eight patients who were studied by microdialysis postoperatively for glucose, lactate, pyruvate and glycerol levels. RESULTS Six of the eight patients showed a normal postoperative course and had lactate/pyruvate ratios between 7.1 and 21.7, glucose between 4.5 and 14.3 mmol/L and glycerol between 10.4 and 296 micromol/L. In one patient, intraperitoneal lactate/pyruvate ratio and glycerol increased and glucose decreased 5 h before low oxygenation appeared. Another patient exhibited a period of increased lactate/pyruvate ratio before a period of atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSION Intraperitoneal microdialysis was performed safely. Two out of the eight patients exhibited changes of metabolic markers followed by clinical symptoms that were probably related to transient visceral ischaemia. Our findings suggest that intraperitoneal microdialysis may become a useful tool for monitoring splanchnic ischaemia in clinical practice.
The Effect of Effectiveness of Internal Control System, Leadership Style, Conformity Compensation, Culture and Ethical Organization, Organizational Commitment and Law Enforcement on Fraud in Regional Level Work Units of Pidie Jaya

: This study aims to examine the effect of the effectiveness of internal control system, leadership style, conformity compensation, culture and ethnical organization, organizational commitment and law enforcement on fraud in the regional level work units of Pidie Jaya either simultaneously or partial. The unit of analysis of this research is the entire SKPD of Pidie Jaya, that is 34 SKPK. The respondents are PA (Budget Users), PPTK (Executive Officer of Technical Activities) and Expense Treasurer. The source data used is primary data through questionnaires that are delivered directly. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the effectiveness of the internal control system, leadership style, conformity compensation, culture and ethnical organization, organizational commitment and law enforcement on fraud is either simultaneous or partial on SKPD of Pidie Jaya. Thus, all the results of this study support the hypothesis.
A Critical Analysis of Literature on Earnings Management Control Mechanism

This paper critically analyses the literatures on earnings management control mechanisms. Earnings management control mechanism are broadly divided in to corporate governance, audit quality and accounting standards. Literatures on various factors under each category have been analysed extensively to understand the effects of these factors on earnings management. It is found from the literatures that corporate governance factors are most effective earnings management control mechanisms and audit quality also helps to control earnings management. The other major conclusion from the literature is that the accounting standards are not effective and adoption of IFRS has further deteriorated earnings quality.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ISOKINETIC KNEE STRENGTH,SINGLE‐SPRINT PERFORMANCE, AND REPEATED‐SPRINT ABILITY IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Previous research has demonstrated that muscular strength of the knee extensors is related to the speed an athlete can produce during a single-sprint performance. Football players, as well as many other athletes on the field and the court, execute multiple sprints during the course of a match. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between leg strength, single-sprint speed, and repeated-sprint ability. Thirty-eight football players from 3 codes (soccer, rugby league, rugby union) completed a 12- × 20- m repeated-sprint protocol and were evaluated for peak isokinetic knee extension and flexion torque at 608·s−1, 1508·s−1, and 2408·s−1. Although single-sprint performance correlated with peak extensor and flexor torque at all velocities, the strongest correlation was observed between relative knee extensor torque at 2408·s−1 and the initial acceleration phase (0–10 m) of the single-sprint performance (r 520.714, p < 0.01). However, the data suggest that factors other than strength contribute to repeated-sprint ability. This finding provides new evidence in elucidating the relationship between strength and repeated-sprint performance.
An Assessment of Credit Risk Management Practices of Adansi Rural Bank Limited

Rural banks in Ghana are not exempted from the risk exposures associated with managing credit. Given their importance to the economy, appropriate measures should be taken to mitigate credit risk exposures of rural banks in the country. The study critically examines the credit risk management practices of rural banks in Ghana making reference to Adansi Rural Bank Limited. The study was carried out to examine the credit management practices, credit policies and strategies for managing credit as well as challenges faced in this practice and to recommend solutions that will mitigate the credit risk exposures of Adansi Rural Bank Limited. The researcher used a purposive sampling technique to select a sample size of forty respondents which comprised of branch managers and credit officers from four different branches of the rural bank. The researcher used a well structured questionnaire and a face to face interview to collect primary data for this study. The researcher employed both primary and secondary data in the study. Descriptive statistical tools were used in analysing the data collected. The researcher discovered that Adansi Rural Bank Limited had implemented a rigorous credit risk management policy. This included; loan appraisal, use of collateral and checking the credit history of borrowers. The results of the study revealed that, rural banks that have implemented rigorous credit risk management policies were exposed to few challenges in managing credit risk as compared to rural banks with poorly implemented credit risk management policies. This affirms the point that a comprehensive credit risk management system should be adopted and implemented well by rural banks in Ghana.
Is Soap Carving in Dental Anatomy Predictive for Clinical Dental Students’ Performance in Operative Dentistry?

Objectives: Manual skills form only a part of the capabilities required for a future dentist. Nevertheless, they are very important components that should be tested. The aim of this study is to investigate if a correlation exists between dental students’ grades in the preclinical courses and their clinical performance. Methods: Preclinical/clinical grades were collected for first, fourth, and fifth year students who graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Jordan, Amman, Kingdom of Hashemite Jordan, in 2014, and 2015. Two courses (Dental Anatomy and Conservative Dentistry) were selected. Correlations comparing the practical grades of Dental Anatomy course for first year students, and the practical grades of Conservative Dentistry course for the same students in fourth and fifth years. Results: Statistically significant positive correlation was found between the soap carving grades of first-year dental students and their practical grades in Operative Dentistry course during fourth and fifth years. Also, statistically significant moderate to strong positive correlation was found between the grades of fourth-year practical Operative Dentistry and the grades of fifth-year practical Operative Dentistry. Conclusion: The clinical performance of dental students in their practical courses in fourth and fifth years can be predicted from their soap carving grades at their first year in Dental School.
Smoking, lipoproteins and coronary heart disease risk. Data from the Münster Heart Study (PROCAM).

AIMS The mechanism of the increase in coronary heart disease risk associated with smoking is unclear, but may partly be due to smoking-related changes in intermediate risk factors such as lipid levels, fibrinogen and blood pressure. We therefore examined the distribution of these variables among smokers and non-smokers in the Münster Heart Study. METHODS 20696 men, aged 41.7+/-2.7 years (mean +/- SD) and 10212 women, aged 37.0+/-2.6 years, were enrolled between 1978 and 1995. Thirty-two percent of women and 36% of men smoked. Compared to non-smokers, mean levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides and fibrinogen were increased, respectively, by 1.4%, 0.9%, 15% and 12.1% in male and by 2.0%, 5.5%, 12% and 3.4% in female smokers. Mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, body mass index and blood pressure were reduced, respectively, by 6.4%, 3.8%, and 2% in male, and by 6.7% 1.2% and 2% in female smokers. In the subgroup of 4639 men aged 40 to 65 with 8 years of follow-up, the coronary event rate (definite myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death) in cigarette smokers was more than twice that of non-smokers with otherwise identical risk factors. CONCLUSION In the Münster Heart Study, smoking was associated with adverse changes in lipids (of greater magnitude in women), and fibrinogen (of greater magnitude in men). However, these changes explained only a small part of the smoking-related increase in coronary heart disease risk.
The next generation of moderator research in personality psychology.

The concept of a moderator variable has a long and checkered history in personality psychology. In this article I review the methodological and conceptual advances in recent moderator variable research. I then report the results of a number of empirical analyses of three newly proposed idiographic moderator variables: scalability, metatraits, and construct similarity, as well as the ipsatized variance index. The results of these analyses indicate that moderator effect sizes in personality can be expected to correspond to a correlation of about . 10. I then consider two recent prescriptions, (a) aggregating trait-specific moderators into general ones, and (b) evaluating joint (e.g., triple interaction) moderator effects. Following these prescriptions did not increase the size of the moderator effects in these data. I conclude that moderator effects in personality will be small, and will thus be most reliably detected in very large samples with predictors that are strongly related to the criteria. Even small moderator effects can be important and interesting in the context of theory disconfirmation. However, moderator variables generally will not serve to transform weak relations among personality variables into strong ones.
Modification of neutrophil adhesion to human endothelial cell line in acute ischemic stroke by dipyridamole and candesartan

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability. Inflammation of the vessel wall following neutrophil adhesion to vascular endothelium may contribute to ischemic damage. We studied the effect of a platelet inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist: alone or in combination, on the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelial cell line in stroke patients. Neutrophils were collected from 12 patients with ischemic stroke within 48 h. Six patients with previous stroke and six healthy volunteers served as control. Neutrophils were incubated with dipyridamole, candesartan or both and allowed to adhere to human endothelial cell line (ECV‐304). Adhesion and expression of adhesion molecules (AM) were determined using fluorescence‐activated cell‐sorting (FACS). Dipyridamole and the combination of dipyridamole and candesartan inhibited significantly the adhesion of neutrophils from ischemic stroke patients as compared to controls with a prominent additive effect. No inhibition was seen in the control groups. These drugs also reduced significantly the expression of the AM Mac‐1. Both candesartan and dipyridamole inhibited the adhesion of neutrophils to vascular endothelium in ischemic stroke patients but not in chronic stroke patients or healthy persons. This effect may be related to specific downregulation of Mac‐1 by these drugs or other intracellular events.
Short and Long-Term Effects of Environmental Tax Reform

This paper examines the macroeconomic effects of an environmental tax reform in a growing economy. A model of endogenous growth based on human capital accumulation is used to numerically simulate the growth effects of different environmental tax reforms and compute their impact on welfare in the short and the long-term. Our results suggest that the magnitude of these effects depends on the type of tax reform. Thus, only environmental tax reform that aims to use the revenue from environmental tax to reduce wage tax and increase the proportion of public spending within GDP, enhances both growth and welfare in the long-term. However, the short-term effect remains negative.
Effect of biopsy on the prognosis of melanoma

Ruthless surgery in black cutaneous lesions leads to increased morbidity and mutilation. Only 2 percent of such black tumors are melanomatous. Clinical diagnosis is difficult and often erroneous. Investigations by others indicate that partial removal of nevi does not result in malignant transformation. Longevity in patients with true melanoma is not decreased by incomplete biopsy procedures followed by definitive, hopefully curative surgery even 1 week later. Seemingly, the prognosis is improved by prophylactic lymph node dissection, but since the herein reported study was conducted on localized melanomas only, it is possible that the apparent improved outlook resulted from the elimination of patients with microscopic metastases from this series. Therefore, the ideal amount of tissue to be removed in attacking an undiagnosed black neoplasm is the amount necessary to establish a histopathologic diagnosis.
Hypoxemia and Reoxygenation with 21% or 100% Oxygen in Newborn Pigs: Changes in Blood Pressure, Base Deficit, and Hypoxanthine and Brain Morphology

ABSTRACT: To study whether room air is as effective as 100% O2 in resuscitation after hypoxia, hypoxemia (Pao2 2.3–4.3 kPa) was induced in newborn pigs (2–5 d old) by ventilation with 8% O2 in nitrogen. When systolic blood pressure had fallen to 20 mm Hg, animals were randomly reoxygenated with either 21% O2 (group 1, n = 9) or 100% O2 (group 2, n = 11) for 20 min followed by 21% O2 in both groups. Controls (group 3, n = 5) were ventilated with 21% O2 throughout the experiment. Base deficit peaked at 31 ± 5 mmol/L (mean ± SD) for both hypoxic groups at 5 min of reoxygenation and then normalized over the following 3 h. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups during reoxygenation concerning blood pressure, heart rate, base deficit, or plasma hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine peaked at 165 ± 40 and 143 ± 42 μmol/L in group 1 and 2 (NS), respectively, and was eliminated monoexponentially in both groups with an initial half-life for excess hypoxanthine of 48 ± 21 and 51 ± 27 min (NS), respectively. Blinded pathologic examination of cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus after 4 d showed no statistically significant differences with regard to brain damage. We conclude that 21% O2 is as effective as 100% O2 for normalizing blood pressure, heart rate, base deficit, and plasma hypoxanthine after severe neonatal hypoxemia in piglets and that the extent of the hypoxic brain damage is similar in the two groups.