Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Properness results for constant mean curvature surfaces

This paper is a preliminary version. Throughout this paper, we let N denote the set of homogeneously regular1 three-manifolds; for a given N ∈ N , we letM(N) denote the set of complete, embedded, constant mean curvature surfaces in N , and let M denote the union ⋃ N∈NM(N). We will study the geometry and topological properties of surfaces M ∈ M. For the sake of simplicity, we will assume that both M and N are connected and orientable. We will call M minimal if its mean curvature is zero and will call M a CMC surface if its mean curvature is a positive constant. Most of the results of this paper deal with the construction of interesting examples in M and with theoretical results related to the classical question of properness of the surfaces inM under certain geometric constraints. These results complement our paper [9] where we prove that certain complete, embedded CMC surfaces in locally homogeneous or in homogenously regular three-manifolds have bounded second fundamental form. Our first theorem below generalizes the properness results of Meeks and Rosenberg [7] for bounded second fundamental form CMC surfaces in M(R) to certain constant mean curvature surfaces in other constant curvature three-manifolds. ∗This material is based upon work for the NSF under Award No. DMS 0405836. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. A three-manifold N is homogeneously regular if it has positive injectivity radius and bounded sectional curvature.
Identifying causal relationships in case of non-stationary time series

The standard linear Granger non-causality test is effective only when time series are stationary. In case of non-stationary data, a vector autoregressive model (VAR) in first differences should be used instead. However, if the examined time series are co-integrated, a VAR in first differences will also fail to capture the long-run relationships. The vector error-correction model (VECM) has been introduced to correct a disequilibrium that may shock the whole system. The VECM accounts for both short run and long run relationships, since it is fit to the first differences of the non-stationary variables, and a lagged error-correction term is also included. An alternative approach of estimating causality when time series are non-stationary, is to use a non-parametric information-based measure, such as the transfer entropy on rank vectors (TERV) and its multivariate extension partial TERV (PTERV). The two approaches, namely the VECM and the TERV / PTERV, are evaluated on simulated and real data. The advantage of the TERV / PTERV is that it can be applied directly to the non-stationary data, whereas no integration / co-integration test is required in advance. On the other hand, the VECM can discriminate between short run and long run causality.
The Moderating Roles on the Relation between Internet Addiction and Burnout

The aim of the present study is to explore the moderating role of gender and level of education on the relation between internet addiction and burnout of future leaders studying at the university level. The data was conveniently collected from 233 students enrolled in the Business and Administration Department in the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences and the Vocational School of Social Sciences in a Turkish university. The instruments of the study were the originally named “Skala zur Erfassung der Internetsucht” internet addiction questionnaire designed by Hahn and Jerusalem (2001) and translated into Turkish by Şahin and Korkmaz (2011), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Student Survey (MBI-SS) designed by Schaufeli et al. (2002) and translated into Turkish by Capri, Gunduz and Gokcakan (2011). The results of the study revealed a positive and significant relationship between internet addiction and burnout. However, the variables of gender and educational level were found to have no moderating role in the correlation.
Nutraceutical properties of the marine macroalga Gayralia oxysperma

Abstract We analyzed Gayralia oxysperma (Monostromataceae, Ulvales) from coastal waters in India for nutrients and biochemicals including nutritionally important fatty acids and active radical scavenging properties. This seaweed had moderately high lipid and other biochemical components, which were comparable to levels in other nutritionally rich seaweeds. The species is an important source of Ca (2.74 mg g-1) and other essential elements with sufficiently low (below permissible limits) contaminant trace metals. There were four major fatty acids: palmitic acid (PA, C16; 34.6%), linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n-6; 15.8%), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, C18:3n-6; 15%) and stearic acid (SA, C18; 9.6%). Totally saturated fatty acids predominated (TSFA, 57%), followed by polyunsaturated acids (PUFA, 39%); the monounsaturated fraction (MUFA) was smallest (3.8%). Antioxidant potential assessed through phenolic content, di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) iminoazanium (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reducing potential and metal chelating ability indicated a dose-dependent relationship of increasing activity with increased concentration. Thus, G. oxysperma has essential properties of nutritional, antioxidant and medicinal value for its use in dietary and pharmaceutical applications.
3D‐printed individual labware in biosciences by rapid prototyping: In vitro biocompatibility and applications for eukaryotic cell cultures

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing techniques are continuously evolving, thus their application fields are also growing very fast. The applications discussed here highlight the use of rapid prototyping in a dedicated biotechnology laboratory environment. The combination of improving prototypes using fused deposition modeling printers and producing useable parts with selective laser sintering printers enables a cost‐ and time‐efficient use of such techniques. Biocompatible materials for 3D printing are already available and the printed parts can directly be used in the laboratory. To demonstrate this, we tested 3D printing materials for their in vitro biocompatibility. To exemplify the versatility of the 3D printing process applied to a biotechnology laboratory, a normal well plate design was modified in silico to include different baffle geometries. This plate was subsequently 3D printed and used for cultivation. In the near future, this design and print possibility will revolutionize the industry. Advanced printers will be available for laboratories and can be used for creating individual labware or standard disposables on demand. These applications have the potential to change the way research is done and change the management of stock‐keeping, leading to more flexibility and promoting creativity of the scientists.
Characterisation of Balcony Spill Plume Entrainment using Physical Scale Modelling

Smoke management design for buildings such as atria and multi-level complexes often requires consideration of smoke produced from a balcony spill plume. This work provides new experimental data to characterise entrainment of air into a balcony spill plume using the approach of physical scale modelling. For a balcony spill plume without entrainment of air into the ends, this work has demonstrated that existing simplified design formulae generally apply for plumes generated from a range of fire compartment geometries. A further simplified design formula is proposed for this type of plume. For a balcony spill plume with entrainment of air into the free ends, the rate of entrainment appears to be specifically dependent on the characteristics of the layer flow below the balcony edge. A simplified design formula is proposed by developing a general empirical expression to describe entrainment of air into the ends of the plume. This work goes some way to explain and reconcile differences in entrainment reported between previous studies and provides improved guidance to designers of smoke management systems.
Lipase production by solid-state fermentation of olive pomace in tray-type and pressurized bioreactors

Felisbela Oliveira acknowledges the ﬁnancial support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through grant SFRH/BD/87953/2012. Jose Manuel Salgado was supported by grant CEB/N2020 – INV/01/2016 from Project “BIOTECNORTE - Underpinning Biotechnology to foster the north of Portugal bioeconomy” (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and BioTec-Norte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 ProgramaOperacionalRegionaldoNorte. Noelia Perez-Rodriguez acknowledges the ﬁnancial support of FPU from Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. The authors thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the ﬁnancial support of this work (projectCTQ2011-28967), which has partial ﬁnancial support from the FEDER funds of the European Union.
Caecal Bacterial Populations and Growth of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets with Different Particle Sizes and Forms

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of feed particle size, form and also pellet quality on intestinal pH, population of beneficial bacteria and pathogenic bacteria and performance of broiler chickens during growth period. Chicks were fed the same starter ration, but at day 11 of age, chickens were randomly assigned to eight treatments and four replicates and fed dietary treatments until day 28 of age as grower diet. Dietary treatments were as: pellet diets with (1.8 and 2.2 mm) or without dust, graded diets (0.78 and 1.27 mm) and mash diets (2 and 3 mm diameter), poor quality pellet and high quality pellet with die diameter of 1.8 and 2.2 mm. The lowest pH of duodenal and ileal contents was for pellet 2.2 mm and mash 3 mm, respectively (P<0.05). In mash diet, chicks fed the particle size of 3 mm had 7.3% greater the relative weight of gizzard than those fed particle size of 2 mm. Daily feed intake and daily weight gain of chicks were the highest in pellet diets and the lowest in graded diet 1.27 mm. The worse feed conversion ratio was for chicks fed mash 3 mm and graded diet 1.27 mm (P<0.05). There were no differences (P>0.05) among treatments for bacterial populations, except Escherichia coli population. The highest Escherichia coli population was found in high quality pellet 1.8 mm and poor quality pellet 1.8 mm and lowest one was found in mash 2 and 3 mm (P<0.05). It was concluded that both feed form and particle size may influence on the gizzard weight and the pH of duodenal and cecal contents and Escherichia coli population in the cecal of broiler chicks. High quality pellet 2.2 mm resulted in better feed conversion ratio, although the Escherichia coli population was the highest in the cecal content of these chickens.
Modelling the effects of a large‐scale safety culture programme: a combined qualitative and quantitative approach

In many industries it has become common to implement safety programmes aimed at improving safety behaviour and culture; however, in general little research has been conducted to understand the dynamics and causality of such programmes. This study sought to explore the effects of a large‐scale safety programme implemented by a Norwegian petroleum company using a combined methodological approach; results from qualitative interviews and fieldworks were used to develop a hypothetical structural model tested on questionnaire data (n = 1221) using structural equation modelling (SEM). Five theoretical concepts were validated before they were included in a hypothetical structural model: (1) participation in a two‐day kickoff; (2) personal programme commitment; (3) effectiveness of programme implementation; (4) safety behaviour change; and (5) safety culture change. SEM indicated that the suggested structural model fitted the data, but two of the hypothesised structures were not significantly supported. Based on this, a modified version of the model was developed and estimated, resulting in a more robust model in which all hypothesised influences were supported. Results are discussed in light of the qualitative and quantitative results, programme characteristics, and previous research. This study demonstrates the significance of developing worker commitment to programme implementation and the importance of a comprehensive implementation of programme activities to increase the likelihood of cultural and behavioural effects concerning safety.
Solving the Telegraph and Oscillatory Differential Equations by a Block Hybrid Trigonometrically Fitted Algorithm

We propose a block hybrid trigonometrically fitted (BHT) method, whose coefficients are functions of the frequency and the step-size for directly solving general second-order initial value problems (IVPs), including systems arising from the semidiscretization of hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), such as the Telegraph equation. The BHT is formulated from eight discrete hybrid formulas which are provided by a continuous two-step hybrid trigonometrically fitted method with two off-grid points. The BHT is implemented in a block-by-block fashion; in this way, the method does not suffer from the disadvantages of requiring starting values and predictors which are inherent in predictor-corrector methods. The stability property of the BHT is discussed and the performance of the method is demonstrated on some numerical examples to show accuracy and efficiency advantages.
Financial Literacy, Personal Financial Attitude, and Forms of Personal Debt among Residents of the UAE

This paper examined financial literacy among a sample of individuals residing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and its relation to different forms of personal debt. These forms of personal debt include bank loans, borrowing from friends and/or family members, and borrowing through credit cards. We used a questionnaire distributed to a convenient sample of 412 individuals working for service organizations and residing across the UAE. Usable responses were about 45% of the sample and were subjected to descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, and t-tests. The results indicate that the average level of financial literacy in UAE (0.433) is statistically significantly below the average level reported in the literature (about 0.50). However, there were no significant differences between the mean score of males and females. The results also indicate that individuals with strong financial attitude tend to borrow less from credit cards. UAE nationals are more likely to borrow from banks than using credit cards or borrowing from friends/or family members.
Activity profile during action time in national silat competition

The requirement and prescription of training programmes for sport requires an understanding of the physiological re quirements of the match. Various forms of time motion analyses have been used widely to estimate the nature of specific intermittent high intensity and low intensity activities as they relate to the energy requirements of team sports [1,2,3]. Previous research notated the technique used in defensive and offensive movements such as in mixed-martial arts [4], boxing [5] and Muay Thai [6]. However, there is no research that specifically describes the activity involved in silat that specifically describes the activity that contributes to the physiological demands of this combat sport. The nature of work periods within any combat sports depends on the frequency, volume and type of the activity being performed. The distribution of fight time and break time has been determined in international silat competition in the previous research [7], which indicated that 62.6% of the match is spent in fight time. In addition, a single match contains 30.0 mean action periods with on average 15.3 s being performed with break periods averaging 8.4 s. The work to rest ratio of 2:1 in silat might be misinterpreted if people count the action periods performed in silat in the same way as work periods in field games and racket sports are interpreted. The nature of “purposeful movement” in team games [8], rallies in racket sports [9] and action periods in martial arts are very different. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to describe the detail activity that occurs during the fight time of a silat match, especially the profile of technical events.
The Influence of Religiosity and Self-Efficacy on the Saving Behavior of the Islamic Banks

Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. However, since the Islamic banks were being established in Indonesia for about 20 years, their market share only accounts for about 5% in the Indonesian banking system. Muslim participations in using Islamic bank are relatively low. This study expands the Theory of Planned Behavior by adding the variables of religiosity and self-efficacy. Previous studies have not examined this new expanded model to analyze customers who participated in using the saving Islamic bank’s products and services. Based on 220 Islamic bank consumers who participated in the study, the study indicated that questionnaires about religiosity and self-efficacy had good external validity and could be adapted for the Indonesian culture context. The most interesting finding was that the religiosity variable strongly enhanced the use of Islamic banks. Similarly, this study found that the self-efficacy variable improved an intention of customers to participate in the Islamic banking system. This paper also discusses the implications of the findings and recommendations for future studies.
Extracting Value from Their Environment: Some Observations on Pimping and Prostitution as Entrepreneurship

Abstract There has been an upsurge in academic studies relating to the underclass as a marginalized group. Notwithstanding this, the literature seldom represents the underclass as an economically active grouping. Thisstudy counters this stance by considering street prostitutes and pimps as economically active members of anentrepreneurial underclass. Although previous studies have wrapped the prostitute (and particularly theMadame) in the mantle of entrepreneurship, none have sought to do so in relation to the pimp who traditionallyhas been portrayed as a swaggering, flamboyant, violent, ruthless, calculating individual existing at the marginsof society. In reality they remain an elusive and difficult to research genre. Few ever publicly accept the persona. Indeed, pimping runs contrary to accepted masculine doxa of what it means to be a man, making it deeplyshameful to live off the immoral earnings of women. This paper, based upon the observations of the authors, adopts a semiotic perspective to refocus these elusive characters in the entrepreneurial and criminological gaze. By concentrating upon prostitution and pimping as an entrepreneurial behaviour, and not on the prostitutes andpimps as entrepreneurial types, the paper contributes to extant knowledge by developing an appreciation ofentrepreneurial strategies employed by them to create and extract value from their environment. The methodologycircumvented the issues of access allowing a wider sociological discussion to develop, as well as highlightingother ethical issues of researching street-level entrepreneurship.
Demand of Family Takaful in Malaysia: Critical Determinant Factors Examined

It was reported that Malaysia has experienced a low penetration rate for the Family Takaful business despite the many forms of incentives provided by the Government. The available literature that focuses on life assurance and related research on Family Takaful is rather scarce. In view of this, it must be mentioned that, this particular study is significant because it provides a critical insight and better understanding of the critical factors that actually determine the Family Takaful demand in Malaysia. Thus, the main objective of this study is to determine the critical factors for Family Takaful demand among Muslim customers in Malaysia. The study involves a survey using structured questionnaires to solicit responses from Muslim customers who have joined Family Takaful plans in selected leading Takaful companies. Data analysis involves the use of stepwise regression analysis. From a set of factors that contributed to the Family Takaful demand in this study, the eventual result of regression analysis showed that religious adherence (including all dimensions such as faith and belief, obligatory Islamic practices, and highly recommended non-obligatory Islamic practices), reputation and image were the critical factors that influence family Takaful demand among Muslim customers in Malaysia.
The Effect of the Nanoscale Structure of Nanobioceramics on Their In Vitro Bioactivity and Cell Differentiation Properties

The effect of the nanoscale structure of bioceramics on their in vitro bioactivity and capacity to osteogenically differentiate stem cell is studied. Nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (nHA), bioactive glass (nBG), nanoporous bioactive glass (MBG), and nanoporous bioactive glass nanospheres (nMBG) are investigated. The nanometric particle size of bioceramics seems to be more determining in controlling the ability to induce bone-like apatite as compared to the nanoporous structure. At short incubation time, nBG also produces a bioactive extracellular medium capable of upregulating key osteogenic markers involved in the development of a mineralizing phenotype in DPSCs. The bioactive properties of nBG are promissory for accelerating the bone regeneration process in tissue engineering applications.
A brief history of Greek herpetology

The development of Herpetology in Greece is examined in this paper. After a brief look at the first reports on amphibians and reptiles from antiquity, a short presentation of their deep impact on classical Greek civilization but also on present day traditions is attempted. The main part of the study is dedicated to the presentation of the major herpetol- ogists that studied Greek herpetofauna during the last two centuries through a division into Schools according to researchers' origin. Trends in herpetological research and changes in the anthropogeography of herpetologists are also discussed. Last- ly the future tasks of Greek herpetology are presented. Climate, geological history, geographic position and the long human presence in the area are responsible for shaping the particular features of Greek herpetofauna. Around 15% of the Greek herpetofauna comprises endemic species while 16% represent the only European populations in their range.