Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occupational Influence on Women’s Attitude Towards Oral Health in the Enugu State, Nigeria

This paper investigated the influence of occupation on women’s attitude towards oral health among women attending Primary Health Care (PHC) Centres in the Nkanu West Local Government Area of Enugu State of Nigeria. Three hundred and forty seven (347) women were selected from 2,608 women who formed the population using simple random sampling with nonreplacement balloting technique. The instrument for data collection was the self-constructed questionnaire. The questionnaire had 14 items based on four point scale and had a Spearman Brown’s reliability co-efficient of 0.79. Data was analyzed using criterion mean while ANOVA was employed in testing the null hypothesis for the study at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the respondents agreed that occupation influences the attitude of women towards oral health. Also, it was identified that the influence was negative. Based on the findings, it was recommended that women should be enlightened more on the influence of occupation on their oral health. Furthermore, women should be sensitized on the need to prevent oral health problems. KEY WORDS : Oral Health, Human Wellbeing, Occupational Health, Women’s Attitude, Primary Health Care
Evaluation of rebreathed air in human nasal cavity with N95 respirator: a CFD study

The carbon dioxide level within N95 respirator is higher than without it, which needs a mechanical explanation. In the current study, we built a three-dimensional (3D) model of normal human nasal cavity to simulate the volume of fraction of both fresh air and respired air within the nasal cavity. The model consists of large rectangular domain outside the nasal cavity representing ambient air, human nasal cavity and partial of the pharynx. Two cases were simulated. Case I refers to a human face with a N95 respirator onto human face, and case II refers to a human face without a respirator. Respiration cycles of both low (7.5 L/min) and medium (15 L/min) flow rates were simulated using Low Reynolds Number k-ω turbulent model. All the air entered the external box during inspiration was assumed to be fresh air, and entered the pharynx during expiration was assumed to be respired air. The results show that above 60% of inspired air is respired air in case I compared to less than 1.2% in case II. During expiration, the volume of fraction (VOF) of respired air in both cases was above 95%. The streamlines at peak inspiration were relatively smooth while entering the cavity in both cases; while at peak expiration large vortex was observed within the air space between human face and respirator in case I. In conclusion, the N95 respirator trapped respired air within the respirator which increased the VOF of respired air during inspiration. This might be one of the major contributors to elevated carbon dioxide level while wearing N95 respirator. Correspondence to: Dr. Jian Hua Zhu, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Faculty of Engineering, 1 Engineering Drive 2 Singapore 117576; Tel: (+65) 96326956; Fax: (+65) 67791459; E-mail: Jhzhu.me@gmail.com
Concerns Regarding Organ Donation among Adult Patients with Different Health Problems in Egypt

Organ donation is the charitable act or gift of an organ to help someone who needs a transplant. Some people have religious or cultural objections to donate organs. The study aimed to describe basic knowledge and attitude (concerns) regarding organ donation among adult patients with different medical surgical health problems in Cairo-Egypt. Sample: A Convenient sample of 1000 adult patients with different health problems from different urban and rural areas was recruited for this study. Design: A descriptive comparative research design was utilized to fulfill the aim of the study and answer the stated research questions. Setting: The study was conducted at ten medical surgical wards at one educational hospital, affiliated to Cairo University. Tools: Two tools were utilized to collect data pertinent to the study which are: Personal Structured Questionnaire, and Structured Questionnaire about Basic Knowledge, and Attitudes regarding Organ Donation. Results: The study findings revealed that both urban and rural inhabitants’ patients were nearly equal regarding their knowledge and attitude toward organ donation. Current study findings showed no statistical significant difference in familiarity about the term of organ donation among study sample. Regarding attitude toward organ donation, no statistical significant differences were found among study sample in their willingness about organ donation regardless the physical condition as well as religion. Conclusion: The study concluded that being an urban or rural inhabitant didn’t affect the willingness to donate an organ but it significantly affected the level of knowledge regarding organ donation. Recommendations: Replication of the study regarding organ donation on larger probability sample as the ensuing improved understanding of this process can be used to inform and develop clinical practice and future research in this area. Keywords : Concerns, knowledge, attitude, organ donation, health problems.
Enhanced Layout Optimization and Wind Aerodynamic Models for Wind Farm Design by Yen

Enhanced Layout Optimization and Wind Aerodynamic Models for Wind Farm Design Yen Jim Kuo Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 2016 The proposed project is motivated by the need to develop wake models and optimization algorithms that can accurately capture the wake losses in an array of wind turbines and optimize the turbine placements. In the past 4 years, we have developed capabilities to improve the layout design of wind farms located on complex terrains, as contributions from four major tasks. The outcome of the first task was the creation of a wake interaction model capable of describing the effects of overlapping wakes that can be used in combination with existing mathematical optimization tools for wind farm layout design. Such a model was derived and evaluated against existing wake interaction methods. This wake interaction model enables a mechanistic approach to account for multiple overlapping wakes while remaining compatible with established mathematical optimization methods. In the second task, this wake interaction model was used in conjunction with full-scale CFD simulations to design wind farm layouts. We developed an optimization algorithm that intelligently integrates a mathematical optimization approach to design wind farm layout on complex terrains with full-scale CFD simulations. The two subsequent tasks were focused on developing a wake model capable of producing comparable accuracy as full-scale CFD simulations but at a significantly lower computational cost. The third task focused on studying the effects of turbine blade geometry and atmospheric turbulence on turbine wake development. The findings of this step contributed to the fourth task of developing a new wake model capable of simulating wakes on complex terrains. This model has been validated against full-scale CFD simulations of a turbine placed on the terrain of the Gros-Morne Wind Farm in Quebec. The proposed model allows for fast simulation of wakes, making it ideal for designing wind farm layouts on complex terrains.
Effect of terpene liposomes on the transdermal delivery of hydrophobic model drug, nimesulide: Characterization, stability and in vitro skin permeation

This study evaluates the ability of the terpenes incorporated in liposomes on the in vitro skin delivery of hydrophobic model drug, nimesulide (NE). To this purpose, so-called terpene liposomes (TPs), which are composed of phospholipid and three types of terpene, citral, limonene and cineole. The obtained formulations were characterized in terms of size distribution, zeta potential and morphology. The efficiency of TPs on skin delivery of NE was studied using in vitro Franz diffusion cells and abdominal rat skin in comparison with conventional liposomes and ethanolic solutions of NE. Results showed that all the used TPs had spherical structures with negative zeta potential, low polydispersity (PDI < 0.2), nanometric size range (z-average no more than 150 nm). TPs improved the entrapment efficiency (EE%) and gave good physical stability. In vitro skin permeation data showed that TPs were able to give a significant improvement of NE permeation through the rat skin in comparison with conventional liposomes and drug solution. Moreover, the TPs prepared with limonene were also able to deliver a higher amount of NE than the other formulation, thus suggesting that NE delivery to the skin was strictly correlated to type of terpenes incorporated liposomes. Key words: Nimesulide, terpene liposomes, in vitro skin permeation.
Evaluation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculum on Production and Nutrient Content of Pennisetum purpureum

Land for forage planting is mainly on marginal land such as acid soil. However, the constraint is the low levels of phosphorus (P) that can inhibit forage production. Arbuscula mycorrhizal fungi has been known as a biological fertilizer because the fungi can help the absorption of phosphorus (P) on the root so that can improve the forage production and quality of nutrients. This study was aimed to utilize and evaluate the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculum in forage production and nutritive value of Pennisetum purpureum. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two factors (2 x 4) and 4 replications. The first factor was type of AMF inoculum (A and B) and the second factor was doses of AMF (D1= 0.5 kg/planting hole, D2= 1 kg/planting hole, D3= 1.5 kg/planting hole, and D4= 2 kg/planting hole). Control treatment was carried out separately. The result showed that the highest shoot dry weight production was on AD2 and significantly different (P<0.05) from BD1 and control. There was no interaction between type and dose of inoculum on shoot dry weight production and nutrition value. The inoculum A significantly increased (P<0.05) shoot dry weight production (34.04%), crude protein content (10.21%), phosphorus uptake (40%), N content (10.53%), N uptake (38.10%), and protein production (40.15%) of P. purpureum, compared to inoculum B. It can be concluded that AMF inoculum type A was the best inoculum for forage production.
Polygalloyltannin isolated from the roots of Acacia nilotica Del. (Leguminoseae) is effective against Plasmodium berghei in mice

Crude methanolic root extracts of Acacia nilotica Del. (Leguminoseae) demonstrated significant activity against chloroquine sensitive strain of Plasmodium berghei in mice. Purified extracts showed only a single fraction with significant antiplasmodial effects using bioguided essay techniques. The active A. nilotica isolate was highly polar dissolving readily in methanol, appeared as a single spot in different TLC conditions and was positive for tannins, melting with decomposition between 224 229°C. Its H NMR spectra exhibited large signals at S 6.90 7.58 and 4.70 5.00. The Mass spectra (ES1 Msn) of the isolate gave a large M 1 signal of m/z 1395 consistent with the molecular formula C62H43O38. Others at 1243, 1091, 939, 787, 635, 453 and 331 that differ by m/z 152 were accounted for by the progressive loss of a galloyl (C7H4O4) moiety. A polygalloyltannin structure containing a central glucosyl moiety corresponding with 1, 3, 6 – digalloyl – 2, 4 monogalloyltannin was hence postulated.
A Phenomenology of the Integration of Faith and Learning

This phenomenological investigation examined how eight student-nominated faculty who teach at an evangelical Christian liberal arts university describe their understanding and practice of the Integration of Faith and Learning (IFL). Collected data via informal, conversational, taped interviews led to the emergence of two primary themes: the Inseparability of Faith from Practice and the Outworking of Faith in Practice. The findings of the study highlight the need to create a more conducive context in which students can learn IFL and call for a re-examination of the already murky discourse surrounding definitional aspects of IFL. The study proposes to move the discourse forward by offering a new, yet to be discussed construct that emanated from the participants of this study, ontological foundation. A conceptual model describing its relationship with IFL is proposed.
Legal, Actual and Desirable Independence: A Case Study of the Bank of Israel

This paper documents the evolution of the legal independence of the Bank of Israel since its creation in 1954 to present times, provides an international comparison, and assesses the changes in the actual independence of the Bank on a yearly basis following the 1985 stabilization of inflation. The data developed in the paper makes it possible to compare the evolution of actual and of legal independence after the 1985 stabilization and to compare the legal independence of the bank with that of other countries at different points in time. The paper also evaluates the level of legal independence embedded in the Levin’s committee recommendations for reform of the Bank of Israel law. The paper shows that various institutional changes have induced, since 1985, substantial changes in the actual independence of the bank without any legislative change. The paper also identifies domestic and international factors that stimulated those changes and evaluates the desirable level of independence for the future. In particular the paper evaluates the pros and the cons of assigning to the bank growth targets, in addition to inflation targets.
Comparison of water relations and drought related flag leaf traits in hexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F 2 hybrids were studied to ascertain and compare heritability and genetic advance for flag leaf osmotic pressure, flag leaf water potential, flag leaf venation, flag leaf area and flag leaf thickness. Most of these characters had high heritabilities and expected a genetic advance. Prospects of a genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations are PASBAN-90 × SARC-5 and SH-2002 × SARC-5. These traits therefore deserve a better attention in future breeding projects for evolving better wheat for stress environments.
Petrographical and geochemical changes in Bosnian stalagmites and their palaeo-environmental significance

Detailed petrographic observations have been coupled with trace element and δ13C - δ18O analyses in order to investigate their dynamics in two Holocene Bosnian speleothems. The potential of this multiproxy approach in providing a means to extract palaeo-environmental information from stalagmites whose stable isotope signals are noisy and without obvious trends has been tested. The studied stalagmites are mostly characterized by columnar microcrystalline fabric. At the sub-millimetre scale of lamination, different microcrystalline columnar sub-types (open and closed) have been detected and classified on the basis of the observed porosity and the crystallite size. The presence of variations in crystallite arrangement at the lamina scale suggests the occurrence of small-scale environmental changes recorded in the studied samples. A positive correlation was found found between Mg concentration, δ13C and fabric variations, while a negative correlation relates those parameters with Sr concentration. Both δ13C and fabric changes appear to be directly related to changes in hydrology. The detailed observation of calcite fabrics combined with stable isotope and trace element profiles allowed for the interpretation of the conditions under which the speleothems were deposited.
Search of Fiscal Space in Africa : The Role of the Quality of Government Spending Djedje

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. In Search of Fiscal Space in Africa: The Role of the Quality of Government Spending Djedje Hermann Yohou
Misoprostol sublingual versus vaginal para indução do parto a termo

OBJETIVO: comparar efetividade e seguranca de uso de comprimido sublingual de 25 µg de misoprostol com o comprimido vaginal de 25 µg do misoprostol na inducao do parto com idade gestacional e > 37 semanas e colo uterino desfavoravel. METODOS: realizou-se ensaio clinico controlado e aleatorizado, nao cego, na Maternidade Monteiro de Morais (CISAM-UPE), em Recife, no periodo de outubro de 2003 a fevereiro de 2004. Participaram do estudo 123 gestantes com idade gestacional e > 37 semanas, indice de Bishop <8 e fora de trabalho de parto, que apresentavam indicacao para interrupcao da gravidez. As gestantes aleatoriamente receberam 25 µg de misoprostol sublingual ou 25 µg de misoprostol vaginal a cada seis horas, ate uma dose maxima de oito comprimidos (200 µg). Para verificar diferencas entre os grupos foram utilizados media, desvio padrao, teste t de Student, c2 para tendencia e teste de Mann-Whitney. O valor de significacao estatistica adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: nao houve diferenca significativa entre o numero de mulheres que tiveram parto por via vaginal no grupo do misoprostol sublingual e no vaginal (65,5% vs 75,8%, p=0,22). Tambem nao foi significativa a diferenca do intervalo de tempo entre o inicio da inducao e o parto (24 horas e 42 minutos vs 20 horas e 37 minutos, respectivamente, p=0,11) entre os grupos. Os grupos, sublingual e vaginal, nao mostraram tambem diferencas significativas em relacao a sindrome de hiperestimulacao (1,7% vs 3,2%, p=0,95), as incidencias de meconio (5,2% vs 4,8%, p=0,74), ao indice de Apgar <7 no quinto minuto (3,4% vs 4,8%, p=0,98) e a outros efeitos adversos. CONCLUSAO: o misoprostol na dose de 25 mg por via sublingual apresentou a mesma efetividade e seguranca quando comparado com a mesma dose vaginal para inducao do parto. O misoprostol por via sublingual parece representar mais uma opcao a ser considerada na inducao do parto.
Haemato-biochemical and hepatopathological changes in male rats following oxidative stress, after prolonged exposure to Dicofol By

SUMMARY im: To investigate the effect of chronic toxicity of dicofol on haematological indices, oxidation status, enzymatic activities and the accompanied histopathological changes of the liver in male albino rats. Methods: Two equal groups of adult rats were orally administrated two sublethal doses of dicofol (4.19 and 16.75 mg/kg body weight) through drinking water (30 and 120 ppm) in a rate of 5 days/week. The third group was kept as control. After 6 months; blood samples were taken for haematological examinations, transminases (AST and ALT) and bilirubin were determined in the serum. Liver specimens were used for the detection of histopathological changes as well as the determination of total glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation as evidenced by malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Results: The higher dose of dicofol (16.75 mg/kg b. w) resulted in a significant decrease in RBCs count, Hb concentration and MCHC accompanied by a significant increase in T.L. C, neutrophils and lymphocytes number, with a significant decrease in monocytes and oesinophils were reduced. Lipid peroxidation level in the liver was significantly increased with a concomitant decrease level of total glutathione. Conclusion: Long term exposure to sublethal doses of dicofol can lead to induction of hepatic injury and haematological alterations.
Autoethnography, a Chicana's Methodological Research Tool: The Role of Storytelling for Those Who Have No Choice but to do Critical Race Theory

This article investigates the role of autoethnographic research as the methodological tool of choice for a Chicana who positions herself along the liminal perspective. I posit that testimonios, autobiographical educational experiences, must be used as valid ethnographic research to contribute to existing knowledge around issues of educational equity. Producing autoethnographic research acknowledges and validates my Chicana presence as well as draws attention to my marginal position inside dominant structures of education. Autoethnography and critical race theory are the manners in which I think about the world and the ways I have chosen to engage in educational research. My work is derived from personal experience in Los Angeles urban schools and later in elite institutions of higher education. These distinct locations present a unique opportunity to problematize the internalized forms of class and racial structures that permeate educational institutions. Grounded in my own educational biography, testimonios frame my research perspective to interrogate the role that educational institutions play in the creation of particular ideologies in working-class students of color.
The Economic Status of Areas Surrounding Major U.S. Container Ports: Evidence and Policy Issues

This article examines the current economic status of the areas surrounding major U.S. container ports. We define a "port district" as the geographic area within a 7.5-mile radius of a port. Our sample includes the 10 largest container ports in the U.S. We find that when we compare port districts to their surrounding metropolitan areas, household unemployment and poverty rates are significantly higher in port districts. Thus, the same ports that serve as "economic engines" for the region and nation may be the cause of economic decline and deterioration in the immediate areas that surround them. This presents a challenge for policy makers who want to preserve the benefits of international trade while facing increasing opposition to port expansion by local communities. Copyright (c) 2008 Copyright the Authors. Journal compilation (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regulation of histone H2A ubiquitination in the maintenance of genome stability

Ons DNA wordt continu beschadigd, bijvoorbeeld door zonlicht of sigarettenrook. Gelukkig wordt het gerepareerd, want anders krijg je mutaties die tot kanker kunnen leiden. Echter, het DNA in iedere celkern heeft een totale lengte van wel twee meter. Dit maakt het voor de reparatiemachinerie lastig om beschadigd DNA te vinden. Om dit te vergemakkelijken, worden er een soort vlaggetjes bij de schade gezet. Een zo’n vlaggetje heet ubiquitine. Joep Vissers onderzocht enzymen die ubiquitine bij de schade plaatsen, en een enzym dat ubiquitine weg kan halen, USP3. Cellen van muizen die USP3 missen, vertonen breuken in hun DNA. USP3 voorkomt dus DNA-breuken, en misschien ook kanker.