Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Through a Refractive Lens : On the Early Career Success of Evening MBA Students

Understanding early career success, as defined in terms of earnings, is important for practical as well as scientific reasons. MBA students, for instance, are sometimes motivated to pursue their degrees in the interest of higher salaries, so that success considerations might be relevant to the design of MBA and other educational programs. At the same time, researchers need to better understand the variables that are associated with early career success in order to better understand how firms work, how society allocates rewards and how learning generates economic returns. To help answer questions about early career success, this study examines how managerial competencies, personality traits, cognitive ability and social stratification interact and correlate with salary differences among two cross sectional samples of early-career professionals in two cities. The professionals primarily work in the corporate world and in the military, and secondarily attend two evening MBA programs. Scholars are beginning to understand how competencies correlate with success and managerial effectiveness (McClelland, 1973; Boyatzis, 1982; Spencer, 1991; Spencer, McClelland and Spencer, 1990).
Anti-aflatoxigenic Effect of Some Lactobacillus Species on Aspergillus flavus by Using Real – Time-q PCR

HIS STUDY aimed to the potency of two species of . Lactobacillus (LAB) i.e. Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L.bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus in inhibition of A. flavus growth, production of aflatoxin B1and expression of aflR gene of aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway by using real time-q PCR technique. The trail was designed in two variations challenging the fungi with seven treatments of LAB species and S. thermophilus, before and at same time (simultaneous) funga linoculation. The results indicated that all treatments exhibited potential antiaflatoxigenic and antifungal effect against A. flavus. After 72h of incubation aflatoxin B1 not detected with some species treatments compared to control which produced aflatoxin B1 1840±20μg /100 ml medium. Furthermore, the results showed that detection of transcription level of aflR gene was not correlated to the actual toxicity of each treatment. The mRNA abundances of aflR gene in control was 1± 0.11, while in treatments with (L. rhamnosus; S. thermophilus; L. rhamnosus & S. thermophilus; L. bulgaricus & L. rhamnosus; L.bulgaricus & S. thermophilus and L. rhamnosus & L. bulgaricus & S. thermophilus) were 3.567± 0.25, 1.564± 0.13, 0.421± 0.05, 0.767±0. 06,0.585± 0.05 and 1.498± 0.12, respectively. These differences in gene expression profiles suggested that there was specificity between gene response and treatment. Finally, the results of real time-q PCR technique for aflR gene expression indicated that it was in appropriate method for diagnosis aflatoxin producing and nonproducing strains.
Antennal sensilla of the yellow longicorn beetle Phoracantha recurva Newman , 1840 : distribution and comparison with Phoracantha semipunctata ( Fabricius , 1775 ) ( Coleoptera : Cerambycidae )

The male and female antennal sensilla of the yellow longicorn Phoracantha recurva are here studied with scanning electron microscopy in order to compare them with those of Phoracantha semipunctata and to appreciate the similarities and differences between the two species. Twelve types of sensilla have been observed: aporous Böhm’s sensilla with a proprioceptive function; multiporous sensilla basiconica types I, II, III, IV which are all presumably olfactory; uniporous sensilla chaetica with a contact-chemoreceptive function; aporous sensilla chaetica of types I, II, III with a tactile mechanoreceptive function, and aporous sensilla filiformia of types I, II, III with a putative vibroreceptive function. Most of the sensilla basiconica I are concentrated in numerous clusters disposed at regular intervals on each flagellomere, which may constitute an enlarged odor-sensing area on the antennae. Unlike P. semipunctata, a sexual dimorphism was found in the numbers of sensilla basiconica I in favour of the male antennae, one and a half times greater in the male than in the female. Sensilla basiconica III and IV have not been described in P. semipunctata. The most striking difference is the presence in P. recurva of sensilla filiformia in great numbers in both sexes and their rarity or absence in P. semipunctata. These results seem to indicate that P. recurva is more sensitive to air currents in its environment. Sensilla present in other cerambycids, such as the dome-shaped organs, conical pegs, male peg sensilla, have not been observed.
Confidential : For Review Only A Computational Model of Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia in Tinnitus Sufferers

Tinnitus is a problem that affects a diverse range of people. One common trait amongst tinnitus sufferers is the presence of hearing loss, which is apparent in over 90% of the cohort. It is postulated that the remainder of tinnitus sufferers have hidden hearing loss in the form of cochlear synaptopathy. The loss of hearing sensation is thought to cause a reduction in the bottom-up excitatory signals of the auditory pathway leading to a change in the frequency of thalamocortical oscillations known as Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia (TCD). The downward shift in oscillatory behaviour, characteristic of TCD, has been recorded experimentally but the underlying mechanisms responsible for TCD in tinnitus subjects cannot be directly observed. This paper investigates these underlying mechanisms by creating a biologically faithful model of the auditory periphery and thalamocortical network, called the central auditory processing (CAP) model. The proposed model replicates tinnitus related activity in the presence of hearing loss and hidden hearing loss in the form of cochlear synaptopathy. The results of this work show that both bottom-up and top-down changes are required in the auditory system for tinnitus related hyperactivity to coexist with TCD, contrary to the theoretical model for TCD. The CAP model provides a novel modelling approach to account for tinnitus related activity with and without hearing loss. Moreover, the results provide additional clarity to the understanding of TCD and tinnitus and provide direction for future approaches to treating tinnitus.
Bicultural bilinguals

Although the terms “bicultural” and “bilingual” are often seen together in the same text, there is very little work that attempts to encompass them into one reality, bicultural bilinguals. This paper takes up a number of themes that pertain to bicultural bilinguals, most notably how they are described in the literature, how they become both bilingual and bicultural, and how their languages and cultures wax and wane over time. Other aspects discussed are their linguistic and cultural behaviour as bicultural bilinguals, how they identify themselves both linguistically and culturally, as well as their personality as bicultural bilinguals. An effort is made whenever possible to bridge the gap between the two components that make up bicultural bilinguals – the linguistic and the cultural – and to show how the questions that interest linguists when studying bilinguals can be taken up and adapted by researchers examining cultural issues, and vice versa.
Table 1 Overview of the Effect of Nutritional Supplements on Cognitive and Exercise Performance

Cognitive function plays an important role in athletic performance, and it seems that brain functioning can be influenced by nutrition and dietary components. Thus, the central nervous system might be manipulated through changes in diet or supplementation with specific nutrients including branched-chain amino acids, tyrosine, carbohydrates, and caffeine. Despite some evidence that branched-chained amino acids can influence ratings of perceived exertion and mental performance, several well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a positive effect on exercise performance. Evidence of an ergogenic benefit of tyrosine supplementation during prolonged exercise is limited. There is evidence that mild dehydration can impair cognitive performance and mood. The beneficial effect of carbohydrate supplementation during prolonged exercise could relate to increased substrate delivery for the brain, with numerous studies indicating that hypoglycemia affects brain function and cognitive performance. Caffeine can enhance performance and reduce perception of effort during prolonged exercise and will influence specific reward centers of the brain. Plant products and herbal extracts such as polyphenols, ginseng, ginkgo biloba, etc. are marketed as supplements to enhance performance. In several animal studies, positive effects of these products were shown, however the literature on their effects on sports performance is scarce. Polyphenols have the potential to protect neurons against injury induced by neurotoxins, suppress neuroinflammation, and to promote memory, learning, and cognitive function. In general, there remains a need for controlled randomized studies with a strong design, sufficient statistical power, and well-defined outcome measures before “claims” on its beneficial effects on brain functioning can be established.
EFFECTS OF LINPAN SIZE AND TREE DISTRIBUTION ON WINTER MICROCLIMATE OF THE LINPAN SETTLEMENTS IN CHENGDU PLAIN, CHINA

The authors are solely responsible for the content of this technical presentation. The technical presentation does not necessarily reflect the official position of the Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture (CELA), and its printing and distribution does not constitute an endorsement of views which may be expressed. Citation of this work should state that it is from a CELA conference paper. EXAMPLE: Author's Last Name, Initials. 2017. Title of Paper. Beijing, China: CELA. For information about securing permission to reprint or reproduce this paper, please contact CELA at thecela.org@gmail.com EFFECTS OF LINPAN SIZE AND TREE DISTRIBUTION ON WINTER MICROCLIMATE OF THE LINPAN SETTLEMENTS IN CHENGDU PLAIN, CHINA
Fatigue crack growth in thin aluminium alloy sheets under loading sequences with periodic overloads

This study analyses the fatigue crack growth behaviour in thin AlMgSi1-T6 aluminium alloy sheets under several loading sequences containing periodic overloads. The observed fatigue crack growth behaviour is compared to constant amplitude loading and discussed in terms of type of loading sequence, intermediate baseline cycles and stress ratio. The crack closure parameter U was obtained for periodic single overload tests and compared with the crack growth transients. Crack retardation increases with overload periodicity and decreases with stress ratio increase. Higher crack growth retardation was observed under loading sequences with decreasing load levels in comparison to increasing ones as well as under loading sequences with extended periodicity. In spite of some discrepancy, attributed to the quick change of the closure levels, it is clear that plasticity-induced crack closure plays an important role on the load interaction effects observed in this aluminium alloy. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Isolation and evaluation of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms from fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill . ) rhizospheric soils of Rajasthan

Fennel plant and soil samples were collected from Ajmer, Pali, Jhalawar, and Kota Districts of Rajasthan for isolation of rhizospheric bacteria on selective nutrient agar medium. Total fourteen soil samples were analyzed for EC, pH and phosphate solubilizing bacteria count. In present investigation of fennel soil samples the EC ranged between 1.02 to 0.15 dS/m whereas pH of collected fennel field soil samples of different districts of Rajasthan state in India ranged from 8.8 to7.6. Sixteen Phosphate solubilizing microorganism were isolated on Pikovskaya medium containing Tricalcium phosphate and these were further screened on National Botanical Research Institutes phosphate (NBRIP) broth with decolouring of bromophenol blue as indicator of acid production. Quantitative assay of Phosphate solubilization was done in NBRIP broth. The Maximum phosphate solubilization in broth assay was observed in bacterial isolates FEN-14 which was at par with FEN-1 and FEN-5.
Economic valuation for improve conservation of Yankari game reserve , Bauchi Nigeria

Biodiversity conservation can be seen as avoiding and eliminating any steps that can seriously disturb Yankari game reserve biodiversity ecosystem. Eco-conservation is regarded as an ideal tool for attaining both economic and conservation sustainability. The objective of this study is to determine the adjourning community willingness to pay for improve conservation of Yankari game reserve using a dichotomous choice contingent valuation method (DC-CVM) on 422 respondents from adjourning communities of Yankari game reserve. The result of the study showed that the mean willingness to pay for improve conservation of the reserve by people of the adjoining communities of the reserve is N2, 376.42. The findings of this study would provide a guide for the government, policy makers, management of the game reserve and relevant authorities towards achieving improved and sustainable conservation of Yankari game and also take into account the benefits associated with resources conservation and the need for both the public and private organisations to actively and financially participate for future generation to benefit.
Misreporting Injury Severity in European Road Accidents

Apart from injury underreporting (i.e. casualties unavailable in police records, but possibly available in hospital records), it is also acknowledged that there exists an injury severity reporting inaccuracy problem (“misreporting”), covering in many countries for over 50% of all injuries, especially slight ones. The objective of this research is the analysis of injury severity misreporting in European countries, on the basis of in-depth fatal accident investigation data collected within the SafetyNet integrated research project. In this dataset, two distinct classifications are available concerning injury severity: “Police injury severity” and “SafetyNet medical outcome”, i.e. as validated or corrected on the basis of additional data sources. After a thorough exploratory analysis of the data, logistic regression models were developed, in which the dependent variable indicated whether injury severity matched between the two classifications or not. The probability of misreporting injury severity was correlated with a number of road user, vehicle, road and accident characteristics. Overall, the data included several cases presenting injury severity misreporting. A general trend could be identified, according to which, the more complex the accident (e.g. higher traffic) and the accident site (e.g. junction, daytime), and the more vulnerable the road user (e.g. children, elderly, pedestrians), the higher the probability of injury severity score to be different between the police and SafetyNet. The results also suggest that score differences may be due either to recording bias (e.g. the Police tending to misreport injury severity incorrectly under certain conditions), or to a general difficulty in identifying the correct severity score in some cases. The results of such analyses may be a very first step towards the development of correction coefficients for injury severity misreporting.
Effect of Climatic Variability on Maize and Soybean Yield under High Input Farming System in Copperbelt Province, Zambia

In many developing countries, the effect of climate change on agriculture is evaluated with reference to small scale farmers, mainly under low input systems. As a result, literature on climate variability and its effect on high input farming systems are scanty. We evaluated the impact of climatic variability on maize and soybean yield under a high input management system. The objectives of the study were to: (i) assess rainfall and temeperature variability at a high input farm (ii) evaluate the effect of rainfall and temperature on maize and soybean yield under high input management system. (iii) assess the impact of El Niño and La Niña on maize and soybean yield. Data for rainfall and temperature was obtained from Zambia Meteorological Department which was complimented by records from the weather station located at the study site. Yield data for both maize and soybean was provided by ZAMBEEF farm. The analysis covered 32 years from 1980 to 2012. Time series plot was used to investigate the trend in minimum and maximum temperature and seasonal rainfall. Correlations were done in SPSS to establish the strength and direction of association between climatic variables (temperature and seasonal rainfall) and maize and soybean yield. Multiple Regression in SPSS was then used to analyze variation in maize and soybean yield due to climatic variables. Results revealed that minimum temperature had an increasing linear trend of 0.3°C to 0.5 per decade while maximum temperature showed an increasing linear trend of 0.2°C to 0.3°C per decade. On the other hand, seasonal rainfall was variable with over the period studied. The variations in maize and soybean yield explained by seasonal rainfall and temperature was not significant with only 17.2% and 20.1% of the variation explained, respectively. Although there was no significant impact of both El Niño and La Niño on the yields of both crops, regression analysis revealed a negative relationship between El Niño and soybean yield and a positive relationship with maize yield and a positive relationship was revealed between La Niña and maize and soybean yields.
The role of education and educational–occupational mismatches in decisions regarding commuting and interregional migration from eastern to western Germany

Objective: This paper investigates commuting and interregional migration from eastern to western Germany, and asks, first: Who chooses to migrate and who chooses to commute? Second: Does commuting serve as a stepping-stone or as a long-term alternative to migration? And third: What role does education and educational–occupational mismatch play in those choices? Methods: We use the Socio-Economic Panel data from 1992 to 2013 and multilevel multinomial logit models with random effects, as well as cross-classified multilevel logit with random effects. Results: People with higher education are more likely to migrate than to remain immobile or to commute, while people who have spent less time in education are more likely to commute than to remain immobile or to migrate. Educational–occupational mismatches reduce the likelihood of migration for both men and women, but they reduce the likelihood of commuting only for men. For women, educational–occupational mismatches increase the likelihood of commuting. Moreover, commuting serves as a stepping-stone to migration, rather than as a long-term alternative to it, especially for the highly educated. Contribution: We investigate the relationship between migration and commuting more directly than has been the case in previous research. Moreover, we advance previous research by showing how educational–occupational mismatch influences decisions as to whether to commute or to migrate. Our analysis shows how education, educational–occupational mismatch, and gender are interrelated and intertwined with each other, and how gender-specific mobility patterns follow from these interrelations.
G N ] 2 2 O ct 2 00 5 A semifilter approach to selection principles II : τ ∗-covers

Developing the ideas of [23] we show that every Menger topological space has the property ⋃ fin(O,T ) provided (u < g), and every space with the property ⋃ fin(O,T ) is Hurewicz provided (Depth([ω]0) ≤ b). Combining this with the results proven in cited literature, we settle all questions whether (it is consistent that) the properties P and Q [do not] coincide, where P and Q run over ⋃ fin(O,Γ), ⋃ fin(O,T), ⋃ fin(O,T ), ⋃ fin(O,Ω), and ⋃ fin(O,O).
Fire fi ghter and fi re instructor ’ s physiological responses and safety in various training fi re environments

For firefighters around the world, fire training is necessary to ensure operational readiness, but can be hazardous. Fire instructors routinely attempt to design safe but realistic scenarios and may do so in very different thermal environments. Yet, the physiological burden (and presumed physiological benefits) of different training has rarely been investigated. We studied the impact of three training fire environments: (a) pallets (Pallet), (b) oriented strand board (OSB) and simulated fire/smoke (Fog) on firefighters’ and fire instructors’ physiological responses. Peak ambient temperatures exceeded 420 °C in Pallet and OSB scenarios, but were less than 40 °C for Fog. Firefighters’ peak core temperatures, heart rates and hemostatic responses were not statistically different among the training environments despite the large differences in ambient conditions. Instructors’ heart rate and hemostatic responses were significantly blunted compared to the firefighters’ despite similar peak core temperatures, suggesting instructors performed less work or were less stressed. It is important that physiological responses experienced by firefighters and instructors working in fully encapsulating personal protective equipment be considered based on intensity and duration of work, regardless of the apparent risk from ambient
Liquidity and Insurance in Student-Loan Contracts: The Effects of Income-Driven Repayment on Borrower Outcomes

Traditional student loan payments fall on borrowers early in their careers and provide no insurance against earnings shocks. By contrast, Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) lowers monthly minimums to a share of borrower income until debt is repaid or some forgiveness period has been reached, increasing short-run liquidity at the potential cost of long-run debt forgiveness or distorted labor supply. In this paper, I use an administrative panel of student loans to estimate IDR’s effect on shortand long-run borrower outcomes and predict its fiscal costs. Exploiting variation in loan-servicing calls, I find that enrolling in IDR results in 22pp fewer delinquencies and $368 lower balances within eight months of take-up. Three years later, IDR enrollees are 2.0pp more likely to hold mortgages, 1.8pp more likely to move to a higher-income zip code, and hold 0.2 more credit cards than non-enrollees. By contrast, I find no effects on unemployment deferments, a proxy for borrower employment status. I also find that most enrollees exit IDR and return to standard repayment after just one year, meaning the predicted incidence of debt forgiveness under IDR is close to zero. Taken together, my results suggest IDR provides short-term liquidity benefits but limited lifetime insurance value, carrying minimal long-run fiscal costs or labor supply distortions. ∗Department of Economics, University of Arizona, McClelland Hall 401QQ, Tucson, AZ 85721 (email: dherbst@email.arizona.edu, website: www.danjherbst.com). I am extremely thankful to my advisers Will Dobbie and Ilyana Kuziemko for their guidance on this project, as well as Leah Boustan, Henry Farber, Nathan Hendren, Alan Krueger, David Lee, Adam Looney, Alexandre Mas, Christopher Neilson, and Cecilia Rouse, who provided invaluable advice throughout its development. I also benefited from the helpful comments of David Arnold, Barbara Biasi, George Bulman, Felipe Goncalves, Steve Mello, David Price, Maria Micaela Sviatschi, and seminar participants at the APPAM Annual Research Conference, the CFPB Research Conference, the Federal Reserve Board, the IZA Economics of Education Workshop, the Jain Family Institute, Kansas State University, the MIT Golub Center, the National Academy of Education Research Conference, the National Tax Association Research Conference, Princeton University, the RAND Corporation, the University of Arizona, and Vanderbilt University. Financial support was provided by the Princeton Industrial Relations Section, the Jain Family Institute, the MIT Golub Center for Finance and Policy, and the National Academy of Education Spencer Dissertation Fellowship.