Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mineralogical characterization of pre-hispanic pottery at the Mesa de Los Santos region, Colombia

espanolLa aplicacion de la mineralogia en arqueologia ha venido creciendo en interes en particular con relacion a establecer la procedencia de las arcillas utilizadas en la elaboracion de artefactos ceramicos antiguos. La mineralogia no mostro una relacion clara con los colores expresados por el sistema ceramico definidos por los arqueologos; es decir, independiente del color del engobe, cada grupo tiene los mismos componentes mineralogicos. Se seleccionaron catorce piezas de alfareria prehispanica de la region de la Mesa de Los Santos (Colombia) para la caracterizacion mineralogica por difraccion de rayos X, microscopia electronica de barrido y espectroscopia infrarroja de transformada de Fourier. El objetivo del trabajo fue contribuir al conocimiento de la tecnologia de produccion y dilucidar una posible procedencia regional de estas ceramicas. Las fases mineralogicas observadas fueron plagioclasa, cuarzo, feldespato potasico, minerales de arcilla, micas, minerales de carbonato y oxidos de hierro. Las temperaturas de coccion estan en los rangos 600-800°C para casi todas las muestras analizadas. EnglishThe application of mineralogy in archeology has been growing in interest in particular in relation to establishing the origin of the clays used in the elaboration of ancient ceramic artifacts. The mineralogy did not show a clear relationship with the colors expressed by the pottery system defied by the archeologists; that is, independent of the color of the slip, each group has the same mineralogical components. Fourteen Pre-Hispanic pottery sherds from the Mesa de Los Santos region (Colombia) were selected for mineralogical characterization by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The objective of the work was to contribute to the knowledge of the production technology and elucidate a possible regional origin of these ceramics. The observed mineralogical phases were plagiocalse, quartz, potassium feldspar, clay minerals, micas, carbonate minerals, and iron oxides. Firing temperatures are in the ranges 600-800°C for almost all the analyzed samples.
Towards a Responsive Pedagogy: Using ICT as a Tool to Engage Access Students' Academic Identities in Mathematics

Access students in a Foundation Programme at the University of KwaZuluNatal were exposed to a range of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) interventions in their Foundation Mathematics module. ICT interventions consisted of PowerPoint presentations; Venn Diagram software; an Excel spreadsheet programmed to scaffold the learning of the Gauss Reduction algorithm; and the use of email to send solutions, extra learning materials and messages of encouragement to students. Working within the interpretive paradigm, thirteen semi-structured interviews were carried out with participants from the 2008 cohort of Foundation Programme students. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select participants into the study after calling for volunteers. The data generated from the interviews was analysed using thematic content analysis. This article draws on Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy to discuss how ICT engaged participants in learning mathematics. I will argue that ICT improved participants’ selfefficacy, thereby helping them to see new learning trajectories for themselves. In effect, ICT boosted participants’ self-efficacy, giving students new actual and designated identities (Sfard & Prusak 2005). This article concludes with recommendations for curriculum designers within higher education.
Numerical simulation of the laminar-turbulent boundary-layer transition on a hypersonic forebody using the quasi-gas dynamic equations

non-stationary flow along the forebody of a hypersonic vehicle is studied using a numerical simulation based on Quasi-Gas Dynamic (QGD) equations. The frequency spectrum of oscillations occurring during the laminar-turbulent transition is analysed. The main frequencies of computed oscillations correspond to data obtained by a modal linear stability analysis of the given flow. The 3D computations were carried out on a massively parallel computer.
Enabling natural interaction for virtual reality

xii CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 Dissertation Organization . 1 CHAPTER 2 A MODULAR IMPLEMENTATION OF WII REMOTE HEAD TRACKING FOR VIRTUAL REALITY . 6 Introduction . 6 Motivation . 7 Background . 8 Design Considerations . 9 Software Platform . 11 Hardware Platform . 13 Implementation Details . 15 Results . 19 Future Work . 20 Conclusion . 21 CHAPTER 3 BEYOND THE BINDING: VIRTUAL REALITY REPL AND APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT WITH VR JUGGLUA . 25 Introduction . 26 Background . 27 System Design . 30 Extensions Beyond the Binding . 34 Examples . 40 Conclusions and Future Work . 43
Nonparametric high-dimensional time series : estimation and prediction

This thesis introduces a new class of functional-coefficient time series models, where the regressors consist of autoregressors and latent factor regressors, and the coefficients are allowed to change with certain index variable. The unobservable factor regressors are estimated through imposing an approximate factor model on very high dimensional exogenous time series variables and subsequently implementing the classical principal component analysis. With the estimated factor regressors, a local linear smoothing method is used to estimate the coefficient functions and obtain a one-step ahead nonlinear forecast of the response variable, and then a wild bootstrap procedure is introduced to construct the prediction interval. The developed methodology is further extended to the case of multivariate response vectors and the model is generalised to the factor-augmented vector time series model with functional coefficients. The latter substantially generalises the linear factor-augmented vector autoregressive model which has been extensively studied in the literature. Under some regularity conditions, the asymptotic properties of the proposed methods are derived. In particular, we show that the local linear estimator and the nonlinear forecast using the estimated factor regressors are asymptotically equivalent to those using the true latent factor regressors. The latter is not feasible in practical applications. This thesis also discusses selection of the numbers of autoregressors and factor regressors and choice of bandwidth in local linear estimation. Some simulation studies and an empirical application to predict the UK inflation are given to investigate the performance of our model and methodology in finite samples.
Organizational Activities and Property-Crime Victimization

ABSTRACT Research utilizing routine activities theory has focused on the victimization of individuals and not organizations. Organizations vary in the activities that they engage in, and these activities produce variation in organizations’ exposure to potential offenders. Drawing from routine activities theory and using data on religious congregations, we examine how congregational activities shaped experiences with property crime in the past year. The analysis shows that routine activities are positively associated with theft and external vandalism. These findings contribute to the routine activities literature and highlight a tension between congregations’ desire to serve the community and the risks of that service.
Accuracy of Coding in the Hospital- Acquired Conditions-Present on Admission Program

ion Tool Completed by Coder? No Reviewed by RTI Physican Figure 3-2, below, displays the medical record validation flow diagram for assessing over-reported POA coding. As with the potential HAC cases, for each case it was essential to have a CERT record that corresponded with the MedPAR claim(s) available for validation purposes. If this condition was not met, the record in question was excluded. In cases where a CERT record was sent for validation, the Clarity Coding coder abstracted the information required to complete the validation tool. If the Clarity Coding coder agreed with the hospital coder or made a technical coding change, the record was then sent to be entered into the analytic database. If the Clarity Coding coder believed that medical judgment was necessary, the coder referred the case to an RTI physician reviewer. Prior to doing so, the coder populated the validation tool with information from the record—including specific comments as to why the case was ambiguous. A similar flow occurred for the validation of POA coding.
Is the Letter Cancellation Task a Suitable Index of Ego Depletion?

Abstract. The aim was to quantify ego depletion and measure its effect on inhibitory control. Adults ( N = 523) received the letter “e” cancellation ego depletion task and were subsequently tested on Stroop task performance. Difficulty of the cancellation task was systematically manipulated by modifying the text from semantically meaningful to non-meaningful sentences and words (Experiment 1) and by increasing ego depletion rule complexity (Experiment 2). Participants’ performance was affected by both text and rule manipulations. There was no relation between ego depletion task performance and subsequent Stroop performance. Thus, irrespective of the difficulty of the ego depletion task, Stroop performance was unaffected. The widely used cancellation task may not be a suitable inducer of ego depletion if ego depletion is considered as a lack of inhibitory control.
Prediction of water quality index (WQI) using support vector machine (SVM) and least square-support vector machine (LS-SVM)

ABSTRACT The current calculations of water quality index (WQI) were sometimes can be very complex and time-consuming which involves sub-index calculation like BOD and COD, however with the support vector machine (SVM) and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) models, the WQI can be predicted immediately using directly measured physical data by using the same predictors used in the numerical approach without any sub-index calculation. There were three main parameters that control the performance of the SVM model however only the type of kernel function was investigated, they were linear, radial basis function (RBF) and polynomial kernel functions. The results of the model were then analysed by using sum squares error (SSE), mean of sum squares error (MSSE) and coefficient of determination (R 2). It was found that the best kernel function for the SVM model was polynomial kernel function with R 2 of 0.8796. Furthermore, the LS-SVM model that trained with correct predictors had higher accuracy with R 2 of 0.9227 as compared with SVM model that trained with all the predictors with R 2 of 0.9184. The SSE and MSSE are 74.78 and 1.5594, 1.6454 for LS-SVM and SVM respectively.
Effect of fan and shroud configurations on underhood flow characteristics of an agricultural tractor

ABSTRACT In the current study, effects of two different underhood geometry modifications namely; fan position relative to shroud and fan tip clearance, on airflow through an agricultural tractor engine cooling system are investigated by utilizing CFD modeling. For the characterization of each modification, the underhood components are reduced to a domain of cooling systems including only fan, shroud, and radiator that allows saving in computational time and cost. The models are validated using a custom designed underhood flow setup, where hotwire velocity measurements at proximity to the radiator are conducted. The mass flow rate and the uniformity of the airflow through the radiator are quantified as performance parameters. For the former modification, position of fan relative to shroud, the computations are performed for the percentages of fan projection into shroud (FPiS) varying from 78% to 0% at fan rotational speeds of 2060 and 2800 rpm. The optimum fan location is found to be around 56–60% for both rotational speeds that leads 8% increase in mass flow rate compared with the pre-design location of 74%. In addition, a noticeable reduction in the relative magnitude of the RMS velocity through the radiator is obtained for the moderate FPiS values. For the latter modification, fan tip clearance, the computations are performed for the tip clearance values varying from 5.25to 12 mm at a fan rotational speed of 2060 rpm. As the tip clearance decreases up to 6 mm, air mass flow rate can be improved by 7%. However, further reduction in tip clearance does not improve the air mass flow rate instead it decreases, suggesting an optimum tip clearance value. The results suggest that the proper geometrical modifications in engine cooling systems might induce significant improvement in the aforementioned performance indicators.
Constraints on Terminus Dynamics at Greenland Glaciers From Small Glacial Earthquakes

Many large calving events at Greenland's marine‐terminating glaciers generate globally detectable glacial earthquakes. We perform a cross‐correlation analysis using regional seismic data to identify events below the teleseismic detection threshold, focusing on the 24 hr surrounding known glacial earthquakes at Greenland's three largest glaciers. We detect additional seismic events in the minutes prior to more than half of the glacial earthquakes we study and following one third of them. Waveform modeling shows source mechanisms like those of previously known glacial earthquakes, a result consistent with available imagery. The seismic events thus do not represent a failure of the high subaerial ice cliff like that expected to trigger large‐scale calving and a marine ice‐cliff instability but, rather, rotational, buoyancy‐driven calving events, likely of the full glacier thickness. A limited investigation of the prevalence of smaller seismic events at times outside glacial‐earthquake windows identifies several additional events. However, we find that calving at the three glaciers we study—Jakobshavn Isbræ, Helheim Glacier, and Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier—often occurs as sequences of discrete buoyancy‐driven events in which multiple icebergs ranging in size over as much as three orders of magnitude are all lost within ∼30 min. We demonstrate a correlation between glacial‐earthquake magnitude and iceberg size for events with well‐constrained iceberg‐area estimates. Our results suggest that at least 10–30% more dynamic mass loss occurs through buoyancy‐driven calving at Greenland's glaciers than previously appreciated.
Hypersonic flow over spherically blunted cone capsules for atmospheric entry. Part 1. The sharp cone and the sphere

Depending on the cone half-angle and the inverse normal-shock density ratio $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$ , hypersonic flow over a spherically blunted cone exhibits two regimes separated by an almost discontinuous jump of the body end of the sonic line from a point on the spherical nose to the shoulder of the cone, here called sphere behaviour and cone behaviour. The inflection point of the shock wave in sphere behaviour is explained. In Part 1 we explore the two elements of the capsule shape, the sphere and the sharp cone with detached shock, theoretically and computationally, in order to put the treatment of the full capsule shape on a sound basis. Starting from the analytical expression for the shock detachment angle of a cone given by Hayes & Probstein (Hypersonic Flow Theory, 1959, Academic Press) we make a hypothesis for the sharp cone, about the functional form of the dependence of dimensionless quantities on $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$ and a cone angle parameter, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$ . In the critical part of atmospheric entry the shock shape and drag of the capsule are insensitive to viscous effects, so that much can be learned from inviscid studies. Accordingly, the hypothesis is tested by making a large number of Euler computations to cover the parameter space: Mach number, specific heat ratio and cone angle. The results confirm the hypothesis in the case of the dimensionless shock stand-off distance as well as for the drag coefficient, yielding accurate analytical functions for both. This reduces the number of independent parameters of the problem from three to two. A functional form of the shock stand-off distance is found for the transition from the $90^{\circ }$ cone to the sphere. Although the analysis assumes a calorically perfect gas, the results may be carried over to the high-enthalpy real-gas situation if the normal-shock density ratio is replaced by the density ratio based on the average density along the stagnation streamline (see e.g. Stulov, Izv. AN SSSR Mech. Zhidk. Gaza, vol. 4, 1969, pp. 142–146; Hornung, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 53, 1972, pp. 149–176; Wen & Hornung, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 299, 1995, pp. 389–405).
Child–Parent attachment in U.S. Families with Chinese adoptees: what does mixed methods research say?

ABSTRACT This mixed methods study comprised two phases. In phase 1, the author utilized a case study inquiry to explore the child–parent attachment in two U.S. adoptive families with four children adopted from China between the age of 9.5 months and 2.5 years. It aimed to uncover the real-life experiences of the two families and attachment characteristics demonstrated by four adoptees in the two families. In phase 2, the author conducted a quantitative investigation using a sample of 92 adoptive parents to examine child–parent attachment and the salient characteristics identified from phase 1. Qualitative findings indicated that children displayed distinct attachment behaviours immediately upon adoption; and adoptive parents’ sensitive caregiving facilitated the child–parent attachment development. The combined results showed overall positive attachment outcomes in the four Chinese adoptees. The study enriched the understanding of attachment theory and offered insights on clinical practice in working with adoptive families.
Crustal-scale depth imaging via joint full-waveform inversion of ocean-bottom seismometer data and pre-stack depth migration of multichannel seismic data: a case study from the eastern Nankai Trough

Abstract. Imaging via pre-stack depth migration (PSDM) of reflection towed-streamer multichannel seismic (MCS) data at the scale of the whole crust is inherently difficult. This is because the depth penetration of the seismic wavefield is controlled, firstly, by the acquisition design, such as streamer length and air-gun source configuration, and secondly by the complexity of the crustal structure. Indeed, the limited length of the streamer makes the estimation of velocities from deep targets challenging due to the velocity–depth ambiguity. This problem is even more pronounced when processing 2-D seismic data due to the lack of multi-azimuthal coverage. Therefore, in order to broaden our knowledge about the deep crust using seismic methods, we present the development of specific imaging workflows that integrate different seismic data. Here we propose the combination of velocity model building using (i) first-arrival tomography (FAT) and full-waveform inversion (FWI) of wide-angle, long-offset data collected by stationary ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs) and (ii) PSDM of short-spread towed-streamer MCS data for reflectivity imaging, with the former velocity model as a background model. We present an application of such a workflow to seismic data collected by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) and the Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) in the eastern Nankai Trough (Tokai area) during the 2000–2001 Seize France Japan (SFJ) experiment. We show that the FWI model, although derived from OBS data, provides an acceptable background velocity field for the PSDM of the MCS data. From the initial PSDM, we refine the FWI background velocity model by minimizing the residual move-outs (RMOs) picked in the pre-stack-migrated volume through slope tomography (ST), from which we generate a better-focused migrated image. Such integration of different seismic datasets and leading-edge imaging techniques led to greatly improved imaging at different scales. That is, large to intermediate crustal units identified in the high-resolution FWI velocity model extensively complement the short-wavelength reflectivity inferred from the MCS data to better constrain the structural factors controlling the geodynamics of the Nankai Trough.
Elastoplastic Behavior of Compacted Kaolin under Consolidated Drained and Shearing Infiltration Conditions

This study presents a comprehensive laboratory study to characterize the elastoplastic behavior of compacted kaolin under consolidated drained (CD) and shearing-infiltration (SI) triaxial conditions. The laboratory tests include a soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC), isotropic consolidation (IC), CD, and SI tests under different net confining stresses to consider in situ stress state and matric suctions that describe the volume change characteristics of unsaturated soil with respect to two stress state variables (i.e., net normal stress and matric suction). Consistently prepared specimens of statically compacted kaolin were used in this study. The results of the SWCC tests demonstrated that the air-entry value and yield suction (so) increased with an increase in net confining stress. The IC tests indicated the strong influence of matric suction on compressibility and stiffness of the compacted kaolin. The results of SI tests indicated that water infiltration reduced the matric suction of the soil and was accompanied by a degradation in deviator stress. It was also found from the CD and SI tests that the failure envelope of compacted kaolin was unique. For practical purposes of transient analyses, therefore, the CD and SI tests, as well as the SWCC and IC tests, might be performed to obtain more rigorously elastoplastic behavior of unsaturated soil under CD and SI conditions.
Investigatión of the development of neural and behavioural auditory rhythmic sensitivity and of its contribution to reading acquisition

The main goal of the current doctoral dissertation was to examine the contribution of brain and behavioural rhythmic sensitivity during pre-reading stages to the development of future reading. To achieve this goal, we conducted a longitudinal study in which typically developing children were tested three times: twice before they had received formal reading instruction (T1: 4-5 y.o.; T2: 5-6 y.o.) and once after reading instruction was introduced in the school curriculum (T3: 6-7 y.o.). Along these three testing times, we used EEG to measure the children? s brain rhythmic (oscillatory) activity in response to natural speech and to auditory signals modulated at rates relevant for speech perception (at the stress, syllabic and phonemic rates). The children also ran a battery of behavioural tasks that included a measure of rhythmic skills (tapping to a beat in synchrony) and several classical reading predictors (e.g. phonological awareness, phonological short-term memory). The longitudinal nature of this work allowed us testing for the first time the trajectory of brain coherence to auditory signals during early childhood. Furthermore, this is the first study finding a long-hypothesized relation between brain oscillatory activity at low frequency bands (0.5 Hz) in pre-reading stages and later reading achievement, such that right-lateralized brain responses to speech at T2 correlated significantly with children? s reading achievement at T3. Regarding behavioural rhythm sensitivity, whereas rhythmic skills were tightly related to other reading predictors before reading was acquired (T1 and T2), we found no evidence that it contributed significantly to final reading outcome. Differences among measures of brain vs. behavioural rhythmic sensitivity are discussed, especially in the context of early detection and intervention of children at risk of developing reading disorders.