Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in treating acute asthma exacerbations in children

Purpose of review Asthma continues to be a major chronic disease in children, and acute asthma exacerbations are common. Although the basic therapy of asthma exacerbations has not changed, recent studies have demonstrated improved outcomes with different modes of delivery of medications, improved patients' self-management of their asthma, and recognition of risk factors for severe exacerbations. Recent findings Recent studies in children have shown that written action plans based on symptom recognition are more effective than action plans based on peak expiratory flows. Bronchodilator administration by metered-dose inhaler is becoming the preferred therapy for treating mild-to-moderate asthma exacerbations in the emergency department, but nebulizers may still have a role in home and inpatient asthma management. High-dose inhaled corticosteroids may be as effective as oral corticosteroids for acute asthma exacerbations. A novel treatment strategy has titrated combination therapy with budesonide and formoterol for both maintenance and relief of symptoms. Lastly, the contributions of obesity and genetic variation to severe asthma exacerbations are becoming known, and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation has become an option for patients in severe asthma exacerbations. Summary Improvements in management strategies can significantly improve outcomes in children with asthma.
Possible Predictors of Cardiorespiratory Events after Immunization in Preterm Neonates

Background: The influence of the first immunization on cardiorespiratory (CR) stability in very preterm infants is still a controversial subject. Objectives: To describe the changes induced by immunization on heart and respiratory rate variability (HRV-RRV) and to test a potential association between preimmunization profiles and postimmunization CR events. Methods: Continuous 72-hour CR recordings and 2.5-hour polysomnographic recordings were performed on very preterm infants immunized after 7 weeks. The results are expressed as medians (interquartile ranges). Results: Immunization was performed on 31 very preterm infants [28 weeks' gestation (26.9-29), birth weight: 965 g (795-1,105)], and was associated with an increased incidence (p < 0.01) of events lasting more than 10 s: bradycardia <80 bpm [2.2 (1.1-7) vs. 1.8 (1-4)/12 h], desaturation [17.6 (9.4-36.4) vs. 13.9 (7.7-33.8)/12 h] and associated bradycardia-desaturation [IB+D, 4.1 (1.4-7.3) vs. 2.4 (1-4.6)/12 h], with mild changes in HRV and no change in RRV. The changes in IB+D frequency were correlated with preimmunization IB+D frequency (r = 0.44, p < 0.05), HRV spectral parameter low frequency/high frequency ratio (LF/HF, r = 0.55, p < 0.01) and approximate entropy of HRV (r = -0.39, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The increase in CR events after the first immunization in very preterm infants was associated with: (1) sympathetic predominance in heart rate control (high LF/HF ratio), (2) abnormal oversimplification of HRV (low entropy) and (3) persistent respiratory rhythm control immaturity (high IB+D before vaccine).
Indoor Positioning System Using Visible Light and Accelerometer

Indoor positioning system is a critical part in location-based services. Highly precise positioning systems can support different mobile applications in future wireless systems. Positioning systems using existing wireless networks have low deployment costs, but the position error can be up to several meters. While there are positioning systems proposed in the literature that have low position error, they require extra hardware and are therefore costly to deploy. In this paper, we propose an indoor positioning system based on visible light communications (VLC). In contrast to existing works on VLC for positioning, our system estimates the location of the receiver in three dimensions even without: the knowledge of the height of the receiver from ground; and requiring the alignment of the receiver's normal with the LED's normal. Our system has low installation cost as it uses existing lighting sources as transmitters. Light sensor and accelerometer, which can be found in most smartphones, are used at the receiver's side. They are used to measure the received light intensity and the orientation of the smartphone. A low-complexity algorithm is then used to find out the receiver's position. Our system does not require the knowledge of the LED transmitters' physical parameters. Experimental results show that our system achieves average position errors of less than 0.25 m.
THE SILENT CRISIS: TEACHERS’ DROPOUT OF SCHOOLS

The high rate of teachers’ drop out of profession are evident in many countries including developed countries. This phenomenon has major economic and educational consequences on state, schools and pupils. Individual differences, motivational variables, environmental settings and economic consideration have an effect on teachers’ decision to drop out of teaching. Dropping out is not necessarily final, and in many cases, teachers who left teaching, find their way back to this profession. CRIZA SILENT: RENUNŢAREA PROFESORILOR ŞCOLARI LA ACTIVITATEA DIDACTICĂ Rata ridicată de plecare a cadrelor didactice din profesie este evidentă in mai multe ţări, inclusiv in ţările dezvoltate. Acest fenomen are consecinţe economice si educaţionale majore asupra statului, scolii si elevilor. Diferenţele individuale, variabilele motivaţionale, setările de mediu si economice au un efect imens asupra deciziei cadrelor didactice de a re- nunţa la activitatea didactică. Insă, abandonul nu este neapărat definitiv; in multe cazuri, cadrele didactice care au re- nunţat la predare revin la această profesie.
Competing institutional logics in talent management: talent identification at the HQ and a subsidiary

Abstract Talent Management (TM) is a hot topic among both practitioners and scholars, but it still has to overcome some important limitations. Studies have been overly unitarist and managerialist in their orientation, and we still know little about how local contextual factors relate to TM, especially with regards to one of the most critical aspects of any TM system, i.e. talent identification. This research, which adopted a qualitative case study including data from interviews, observations and documents, studied how talent identification unfolded in practice at both the headquarters (HQ) and a subsidiary of a large Swedish organization. By drawing on the institutional logics perspective, we suggest that the way in which organizational actors conduct their talent identification is grounded in the logic they enact and make use of. Attention is thus focused on how the cultural norms, symbols and practices of different institutional orders are incorporated into the identification of talent. Having identified competing institutional logics at the HQ and the subsidiary, we also suggest that this is a credible explanation for the discrepancy between intended and actual HR practices. The findings are in contrast with previous research, which suggests that self-interest, ad hoc approaches, and a lack of skills nested in talent identification are underlying causes of differences in how talent identification is conducted.
Object‐Directed Imitation in Children With High‐Functioning Autism: Testing the Social Motivation Hypothesis

Children with autism show clear deficits in copying others' bodily oriented actions whereas their capacity for replicating others' object‐directed actions appears relatively spared. One explanation is that unlike bodily oriented actions, object‐directed actions have tangible, functional outcomes and hence rely far less on social motivations for their production. To investigate this, we compared the performance of a group of children with high‐functioning autism (HFA) and a group of typically developing (TD) children on two distinct object‐directed tasks that are considered highly social: overimitation and synchronic imitation. Our findings were surprising. The HFA children copied all of a modeling adult's actions, including those that had no function or purpose (i.e. they overimitated), and they entered into extended bouts repeating an arbitrary action along with the adult who had a similar object to play with (i.e. they engaged in synchronic imitation). Moreover, they did so at rates indistinguishable from the TD children. This work demonstrates that the capacity and propensity for overimitation and synchronic imitation are intact in children with HFA, and questions whether socially based imitation should be considered an autism‐specific deficit. Autism Res 2012, ●●:●●–●●. © 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neurogenesis and anxiety‐like behavior in male California mice during the mate's postpartum period

Our understanding of postpartum anxiety (PPA) in fathers is limited, despite the negative consequences of anxiety on the father and child. Offspring contact reduces PPA in mothers; however, parallel investigations in fathers has gone unaddressed. Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) contributes to anxiety regulation and is altered during the postpartum period, yet the effects of fatherhood on the production, or survival, of newborn cells in the DG, and the role of adult neurogenesis in PPA regulation, have not been examined. Using the biparental California mouse (Peromyscus californicus), we examined the relationships among postnatal day, anxiety‐like behavior and adult neurogenesis in fathers. We hypothesized that attenuated anxiety‐like behavior and enhanced adult neurogenesis would be observed when father–offspring contact was increased. We observed a reduction in anxiety‐like behavior on the elevated plus‐maze, but only at PND 16, a time of peak pup retrieval. Fatherhood reduced 1‐week survival of newborn cells; however, surviving cells were maintained until 2 weeks postpartum. In contrast, non‐fathers experienced a significant reduction in the survival of newborn cells between 1 and 2 weeks postpartum. Fatherhood also increased the numbers of newborn cells that expressed a neuronal phenotype. Collectively, these findings suggest that offspring interaction contributes to reductions in anxiety‐like behavior and the maintenance of newborn neurons in the DG of fathers. These data contribute to our knowledge of the postpartum affective state in fathers, findings that may contribute to improved health of both the father and offspring.
Strategies in urological reconstruction in myelomeningocele

Purpose of review This paper reviews recent advances in the strategies for urinary tract reconstruction in children with spina bifida. The aims of reconstruction are the preservation of renal function and achievement of urinary continence. Considerable controversy exists on the subjects of bladder augmentation, procedures to increase outlet resistance, and continent stomas. The authors put the most recently published information in perspective in the light of their own personal experience. Recent findings Thirty-seven papers covering the above-mentioned subjects published in the past 5 years (25 of them published since 2000) have been selected. Seven relevant older references are included. There is persistent interest in developing methods to enlarge the urinary bladder that avoid bringing the urine in contact with the intestinal mucosa. The artificial urinary sphincter and fascial slings are the most frequently reported methods to increase outlet resistance. The Mitrofanoff principle continues to be regarded as an effective method to construct a continent catheterizable channel, either with the appendix or reconfigured intestinal segments. The achievement of fecal continence has to be pursued in parallel with urinary continence. Incontinent diversions continue to be best for a small group of patients. The role of continent urinary diversion requires reassessment. Summary Progress in this area continues to be made. Periodic, critical and objective reviews on the subject should help the practitioner to arrive at sound decisions.
Distributional Impacts of Behavioral Effects – Ex-Ante Evaluation of the 2017 Unemployment Insurance Reform in Finland

In 2017, the potential duration of the Finnish earnings-related unemployment benefit was cut from 500 to 400 days (or 400 to 300 working days). We apply a microsimulation method to calculate both static and behavioral ex-ante effects of the reform on employment, public finances and income inequality. Relying on previous empirical literature, we employ three benefit elasticity levels. Individual heterogeneity is added by weighting the elasticities with estimated employment probabilities. According to the static scenario, the reform increases income inequality, albeit marginally. Accounting for the behavioral response mitigates the effect on inequality and more than doubles the effect on public finances.
Dosimetric study on eye's exposure to wide band radio frequency electromagnetic fields: Variability by the ocular axial length

This paper evaluates the variability of specific absorption rate (SAR) in the human eye. This variability results from changes in ocular axial length (OAL), which is common in many ophthalmologic and vision abnormalities, including myopia. A generic eye model was reconstructed according to published data. The feasibility of using the generic model in numerical research of electromagnetic fields (EMF) was demonstrated by means of comparative simulations with eye models reconstructed from magnetic resonance (MR) scans. Free‐form deformation (FFD) was used to deform the OAL of the generic eye model. Thus, 64 deformed eyes were created and were categorized according to the OAL increase. The finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method was applied in the simulations. The results revealed that changing the OAL does not increase EMF absorption in the eyes or the eye tissues. No additional induced temperature rise was produced by the changes of OAL. The results also indicated that the non‐pathological increment of the OAL, which is inevitable during the childhood, does not increase the SAR in the eyes. Bioelectromagnetics. 35:324–336, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuropharmacological Activity of the Pericarp of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa Degener: Putative Involvement of C-Glycosylflavonoids

Passiflora edulis has been used in traditional medicine as a sedative and to treat or prevent central disorders such as anxiety and insomnia. In this study, the central effects of the aqueous extract (AE), the butanolic fraction (BF), and the aqueous residual fraction (ARF) obtained from the pericarp of P. edulis flavicarpa were investigated in mice and the possible compounds involved in these putative neuropharmacologic effects were determined. AE, BF, and ARF increased the total time spent in the light compartment of the light:dark box, an anxiolytic-like effect, and AE also potentiated the hypnotic effects of ethyl ether, a sedative effect. The thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated the predominance of C-glycosylflavonoids in these extracts and fractions, which were identified as isoorientin, vicenin-2, spinosin, and 6,8-di-C-glycosylchrysin.
Surface-Relief Gratings in Halogen-Bonded Polymer–Azobenzene Complexes: A Concentration-Dependence Study

In recent years, supramolecular complexes comprising a poly(4-vinylpyridine) backbone and azobenzene-based halogen bond donors have emerged as a promising class of materials for the inscription of light-induced surface-relief gratings (SRGs). The studies up to date have focused on building supramolecular hierarchies, i.e., optimizing the polymer–azobenzene noncovalent interaction for efficient surface patterning. They have been conducted using systems with relatively low azobenzene content, and little is known about the concentration dependence of SRG formation in halogen-bonded polymer–azobenzene complexes. Herein, we bridge this gap, and study the concentration dependence of SRG formation using two halogen-bond-donating azobenzene derivatives, one functionalized with a tetrafluoroiodophenyl and the other with an iodoethynylphenyl group. Both have been previously identified as efficient molecules in driving the SRG formation. We cover a broad concentration range, starting from 10 mol % azobenzene content and going all the way up to equimolar degree of complexation. The complexes are studied as spin-coated thin films, and analyzed by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and optical diffraction arising during the SRG formation. We obtained diffraction efficiencies as high as 35%, and modulation depths close to 400 nm, which are significantly higher than the values previously reported for halogen-bonded polymer–azobenzene complexes.
[Clinical study of 34 patients with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma-nasal type].

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical feature, the reason of misdiagnosis and mistreatment, influential factor of prognosis in patients with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma-nasal type. METHOD A retrospective study was made on the clinical data of 34 patients with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma-nasal type. Among them, 10 cases were staged I(E) intra-cavity, 15 cases were I(E) ex-cavity, 6 cases were II(E) and 3 cases were IV(E). Among them, 29 cases were in nasal cavity, 5 cases were outside nasal cavity; 14 cases were treated with single chemotherapy or radiation therapy, 20 cases were treated with radiation therapy add chemotherapy. RESULT The total rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment were 58.8% (20/34), 52.3% (18/34), respectively. The 5-year survival rate of the I(E) intra-cavity group were 60.0% (6/10), and those of I(E) ex-cavity group were 26.7% (4/15), and those of II(E) group and IV(E) group were 16.7% (1/6), 0% (0/3), respectively There was significant difference between 3 groups by statistical analysis (P < 0.01). The 5-year survival rate of I(E) ex-cavity group treated with single therapy were 0% (0/6), and those of I(E)-cavity group treated with combined therapy were 50% (1/2). CONCLUSION The early clinical manifestation of extranodal NK/T tell lymphoma-nasal type is atypical and which is hard to diagnose and treat. Diagnosis depends on pathologic biopsy and immunohistochemistry, there are many factors that influence the prognosis of this disease, in which the clinical stage is a major factor. It is crucial for diagnosing and treating early.
The Moderating Role of Physical Self-Perceptions in the Relationship Between Maturity Status and Physical Self-Worth

Purpose: We tested the moderating role of physical self-perceptions in the relationship between physical maturity and physical self-worth (PSW). Method: Students in Grades 5 through 8 (N = 241; 57% females; Mage = 12.30 years) completed a questionnaire assessing physical self-perceptions (i.e., perceived sport competence, conditioning, strength, and body attractiveness), PSW, and maturity status. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test interactions between maturity and physical self-perceptions predicting PSW separately for boys and girls. Results: For girls, maturity level and physical self-perceptions explained significant variance, F(5, 131) = 73.44, p < . 001, R2 = . 74, with interactions explaining a little extra variance, ΔF = 3.42, p = . 01, ΔR2 = . 03. Perceived attractiveness interacted with maturity status to predict PSW (p = .01), indicating that maturity was positively related to PSW only for girls with higher body attractiveness. Maturity status and physical self-perceptions also significantly predicted PSW in boys, F(5, 98) = 46.52, p < . 001, R2 = . 70, with interactions explaining a little extra variance, ΔF = 3.16, p = . 02, ΔR2 = . 04. A statistically significant interaction between perceived strength and maturity (p < .001) indicated that maturity related positively to PSW, but only for boys with higher perceived strength. Conclusions: The maturity–PSW relationship differs by gender and depends partly on physical self-perceptions. This finding reinforces previous findings that illustrate the relative importance of perceived attractiveness and strength for girls and boys, respectively. PSW is an important predictor of physical activity behavior; therefore, it is critical to understand the interplay between these key antecedents.
Economic Literacy Among Social Studies Teachers in Oman

The study investigates economic literacy among Omani teachers of social studies. An economic literacy test was used consisting of 36 questions distributed into five sections: monetary policies, global currencies, global economic clusters, countries with highest natural resources production, and countries with highest GDP and individual income. The test was applied to 661 male and female social studies teachers from five governorates in Oman. The results showed that the teachers had a moderate level of economic literacy, which was significantly affected by their gender and experience. The study recommends the importance of enhancing the level of social studies teachers’ economic literacy. Keywords: Economic literacy, Social studies, Teachers, Schools, Oman, GCC DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-4-05
Changes in hematological indices and lymphocyte subsets in response to whole blood donation in healthy male donors

Abstract Whole blood donation has immunomodulatory effects, and most of these have been observed at short intervals following blood donation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of whole blood donation on lymphocyte subsets over a typical inter-donation interval. Healthy male subjects were recruited to study changes in complete blood count (CBC) (n = 42) and lymphocyte subsets (n = 16) before and at four intervals up to 106 days following blood donation. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare quantitative variables between different visits. Following blood donation, changes in CBC and erythropoietin were as expected. The neutrophil count increased by 11.3% at 8 days (p < .001). Novel changes were observed in lymphocyte subsets as the CD4/CD8 ratio increased by 9.2% (p < .05) at 8 days and 13.7% (p < .05) at 22 days. CD16-56 cells decreased by 16.2% (p < .05) at 8 days. All the subsets had returned to baseline by 106 days. Regression analysis showed that the changes in CD16-56 cells and CD4/CD8 ratio were not significant (Wilk’s lambda = 0.15 and 0.94, respectively) when adjusted for BMI. In conclusion, following whole blood donation, there are transient changes in lymphocyte subsets. The effect of BMI on lymphocyte subsets and the effect of this immunomodulation on the immune response merit further investigation.