Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Co‐occurrence of pederin‐producing and Wolbachia endobacteria in Paederus fuscipes Curtis, 1840 (Coleoptera: Staphilinidae) and its evolutionary consequences

The dual occurrence of Pseudomonas‐like and Wolbachia endobacteria has not been investigated in the Pederus beetles yet. We investigated pederin‐producing bacteria (PPB) infection in Paederus fuscipes specimens from the southern margins of the Caspian Sea by designed genus‐specific (OprF) and species‐specific (16S rRNA) primers. Wolbachia infection was studied through a nested‐PCR assay of Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) gene. Of the 125 analyzed beetles, 42 females (82.35%) and 15 males (20.27%) were positive to PPB infection; this is the first study reporting male P. fuscipes infection to PPB. Wolbachia infection was found in 45 female (88.23%) and 50 male (67.57%) analyzed beetles. Surprisingly, a number of 36 females (70.59%) and 13 males (17.57%) were found to be infected with both PPB and Wolbachia endosymbionts. In general, population infection rates to PPB and Wolbachia were determined to be 45.6% and 76%, respectively. The infection rates of female beetles to PPB and PPB‐Wolbachia were significantly higher than males. In Paederus species, only female beetles shelter PPB and the discovery of this bacterium in adult males may reflect their cannibalistic behavior on the contaminated stages. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences of OprF gene were unique among Pseudomonas spp. ; however, sequences of 16S rRNA gene were related to the PPB of Pederus species. The co‐occurrence and random distribution of these endobacteria may imply putative tripartite interactions among PPB, Wolbachia, and Paederus. In order to elucidate these possible tripartite interactions, further studies are required even at gender level.
A Novel Automatic Context-Based Similarity Metric for Local Outlier Detection Tasks

Local outlier detection is able to capture local behavior to improve detection performance compared to traditional global outlier detection techniques. Most existing local outlier detection methods have the fundamental assumption that attributes and attribute values are independent and identically distributed (IID). However, in many situations, since the attributes usually have an inner structure, they should not be handled equally. To address the issue above, we propose a novel automatic context-based similarity metric for local outlier detection tasks. This paper mainly includes three aspects: (i) to propose a novel approach to automatically detect the contextual attributes by capturing the attribute intra-coupling and inter-coupling; (ii) to introduce a Non-IID similarity metric to derive the kNN set and reachability distance of an object based on the attribute structure and incorporate it into local outlier detection tasks; (iii) to build a data set called EG-Permission, which is a real-world data set from an E-Government Information System for context-based local outlier detection. Results obtained from 10 data sets show the proposed approach can identify the attribute structure effectively and improve the performance in local outlier detection tasks.
Engage In or Refrain From? A Qualitative Exploration of Premarital Sexual Relations Among Female College Students in Tehran

This study explored the factors that educated young Iranian women consider when they decide whether to have premarital sex. Using a purposive sampling method, 30 in-depth interviews were conducted with female college students in both government and private universities in Tehran in 2005–2006. The respondents included unmarried women who had experienced sexual relations, unmarried women who had abstained, and married women. Young women’s considerations for premarital sex included (1) marriage meaning and motivations; (2) compliance with family values and expectations; (3) perceived gender and social norms of premarital sex; (4) importance of religiosity; and (5) sexual knowledge and self-efficacy. Marriage meaning and motivation seem to be the central pillar in the complex decision to engage in or refrain from premarital sex among female college students. These considerations have theoretical implications for understanding premarital relationships and sex in a conservative setting. Finally, some shifts are occurring in the meaning of marriage and sexual mores among educated young women in Iran; these changes are discussed.
Impact of Breast Cancer Subtypes on Prognosis of Women with Operable Invasive Breast Cancer: A Population-based Study Using SEER Database

Purpose: To determine the prognostic roles of breast cancer subtypes in females with operable invasive breast cancer. Experimental Design: Data of 321,958 patients from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed. Breast cancer subtypes were classified into four categories according to the status of hormone receptor (HRc) and HER2: HRc(+)/HER2(−), HRc(+)/HER2(+), HRc(−)/HER2(+), and HRc(−)/HER2(−). Results: Proportions of HRc(+)/HER2(−), HRc(+)/HER2(+), HRc(−)/HER2(+), HRc(−)/HER2(−), and unknown subtype were 70.3%, 9.4%, 3.9%, 10.4%, and 6.0%, respectively. HRc(+)/HER2(−) showed the highest 5-year breast cancer–specific survival (BCSS) rate (95.5%), followed by HRc(+)/HER2(+) (94.1%), HRc(−)/HER2(+) (89.3%), and HRc(−)/HER2(−) (83.1%). HRc(+)/HER2(−) and HRc(+)/HER2(+) showed higher 5-year overall survival (OS) rates (88.4% and 88.2%, respectively) than HRc(−)/HER2(+) and HRc(−)/HER2(−) (83.9% and 76.5%, respectively). HRc(−)/HER2(−) showed the worst BCSS irrespective of race, age, or stage. Although proportions of HRc(−)/HER2(−) in the subgroup with negative event regarding BCSS and OS were 10.4% and 10.2%, respectively, they were 34.2% and 22.7%, respectively, in the subgroup with positive event. Subtype was a significant factor in both univariable and multivariable analyses regarding both BCSS and OS (all P < 0.001). Conclusions: Breast cancer subtype was a significant independent prognostic factor regarding both BCSS and OS in multivariable analyses. HRc(+) subtypes showed better prognosis compared with HRc(−) subtypes regarding both BCSS and OS. HRc(−)/HER2(+) showed better prognosis than HRc(−)/HER2(−) but worse prognosis than HRc(+) subtypes regarding both BCSS and OS. The triple-negative subtype showed the worst BCSS compared with the other subtypes irrespective of race, age, or stage.
Influence of Combined Therapy on Generation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Patients with Cervical Cancer

BACKGROUND: According to several authors, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the mechanisms of cancer development and metastatic processes, which allows them to be considered as a potential new target for the treatment of cancer. AIM: To investigate the presence of extracellular neutrophil traps in the blood of patients with cervical cancer on the background of the combined treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 28 patients with cervical cancer. Group 1 received only radiation therapy; Groups 2-radiation therapy with ftorafur; Group 3-radiation therapy with cisplatin. To determine the number of spontaneous extracellular neutrophilic traps in the blood of the examined individuals, we used a technique of I.I. Dolgushin and Yu.S. Andreeva. RESULTS: Peripheral blood neutrophils in 53.57% (33.87; 72.49) of cervical cancer patients showed the ability to generate NETs before treatment. The ability to form NETs was observed in neutrophils isolated from 66.67% (9.43; 99.16) patients of the Group 1. After radiation therapy with ftorafur, the ability of blood neutrophils to form NETs was observed in 50% (1.26; 98.74) of cervical cancer patients. After radiotherapy with cisplatin, 37.50% (15.20; 64.57) of patients were found to have NETs formation CONCLUSION: The ability to form NETs varied greatly after radiotherapy. The addition of chemotherapy drugs to radiation therapy did not increase the percentage of NETs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer but stimulated the appearance of basophil extracellular traps.
Effect of Pistacia Atlantica Resin Oil on Anti-Oxidant, Hydroxyprolin and VEGF Changes in Experimentally-Induced Skin Burn in Rat

BACKGROUND Severe burn damage and its consequences are life threatening which can complicate patients’ health. Medicinal and traditional plants are considered as safe, natural and inexpensive source of treatment for wide variety of diseases. This study assessed beneficial effect of Pistacia atlantica oil on rats burn wound healing and its potential effects on malondialdehyde (MDA), vasculoendothelial growth factor (VEGF), hydroxyprolin and antioxidant status in wound area. METHODS Thirty male rats weighing 200±10 g were randomly divided into three groups (n=10) as follows. Group 1 underwent just burn injury, Group 2 underwent burn injury and received 150 mg/kg/day P. atlantica oil topically, and Group 3 underwent burn injury and received 150 mg/kg/day sulfadiazine cream topically. At the end of the study (day 14), wounded areas were measured and then skin in the burn damage were dissected and anti-oxidative parameter, MDA, VEGF and hydroxyprolin were evaluated. RESULTS P. Atlantica oil significantly increased antioxidant defense, VEGF, hydroxyprolin and reduced MDA levels. It could remarkably reduce wound size compared to burn control group. P. Atlantica oil showed more beneficial effects than sulfadiazine. CONCLUSION P. atlantica resin oil could be considered as a new therapeutic agent for treatment of injuries.
Neuropeptide Y and religious commitment in healthy young women

Abstract Objective The present study explores the relationship between neuroactive hormones and religious commitment. We hypothesised that religious commitment is mediated by neuropeptide Y and oxytocin. These neurohormones have a well-established role in general well-being, anxiety regulation, stress-resilience, social affiliation and spirituality. Methods Sixty healthy women (median age 21) participated in the study and completed the Religious Commitment Inventory and other psychometric surveys. Blood was sampled from each participant and serum levels of neuropeptide Y were measured using radioimmunoassay. Oxytocin, stress and sex hormones were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlations were tested using non-parametric statistical methods. Results We found a positive correlation between serum neuropeptide Y levels and religious commitment, but not between oxytocin and religious commitment. Conclusions The present study provides preliminary evidence that neuropeptide Y is a biological correlate of religious commitment.
Comparison of a Novel Handheld Telehealth Device with Stand-Alone Examination Tools in a Clinic Setting

Abstract Background and Objective: Research demonstrates that telemedicine is effective in pediatric settings but little is published to validate the quality of the data acquired by remote peripheral examination devices to accurately inform clinical decision-making. Introduction: The primary aim was to compare a novel Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared multifunctional remote examination device (Tyto) with other stand-alone digital examination devices. The secondary aim was to ascertain whether either device produced images or sounds better able to provide clinical information to clinicians caring for children. Materials and Methods: Otoscopic images and heart and lung sounds from 50 patients of ages 2–18 years were acquired using the novel device and a stand-alone digital otoscope and stethoscope. Data were stored on a secure server for review by physicians (two pulmonary faculty, two general faculty, two cardiology faculty, and two cardiology fellows). Reviewers were blinded and they reviewed images and audio files in a randomized manner. Images and sounds were scored in terms of quality using a Likert scale. Means and standard deviations (and t-tests to compare those means) were calculated. Individual (heart sounds, lung sounds, and otoscopic images) and aggregate scores were compared. Results: The novel device provided higher sound and image quality with less chance of an inability to make a diagnosis than the stand-alone devices. The novel device had a superior mean comparative diagnostic score with a high intra- and inter-reliability of cardiac, pulmonary, and otoscopic diagnosis. Discussion and Conclusions: The novel device outperformed the stand-alone digital stethoscope and otoscope and was better able to provide usable data to support a clinical encounter.
Information Dynamics in Urban Crime

Information production in both space and time has been highlighted as one of the elements that shapes the footprint of complexity in natural and socio-technical systems. However, information production in urban crime has barely been studied. This work copes with this problem by using multifractal analysis to characterize the spatial information scaling in urban crime reports and nonlinear processing tools to study the temporal behavior of this scaling. Our results suggest that information scaling in urban crime exhibits dynamics that evolve in low-dimensional chaotic attractors, and this can be observed in several spatio-temporal scales, although some of them are more favorable than others. This evidence has practical implications in terms of defining the characteristic scales to approach urban crime from available data and supporting theoretical perspectives about the complexity of urban crime.
An Assessment of Magnitudes and Patterns of Socioeconomic Inequalities across Various Health Problems: A Large National Cross-Sectional Survey in Korea

Magnitudes of health inequalities present consequences of socioeconomic impact on each health problem. To provide knowledge on the size of health problems in terms of socioeconomic burden, we examined the magnitudes and patterns of health inequalities across 12 health problems. A total of 17,292 participants older than 30 years were drawn from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2010–2012). The age-adjusted prevalence ratios were compared across socioeconomic positions (SEPs) based on income, education, and occupation. The magnitudes of socioeconomic inequalities varied across 12 health problems and, in general, the patterns of socioeconomic inequalities were similar among groups of health problems (i.e., non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mental health, and subjective health states). Significant health inequalities across NCDs, such as diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and arthritis, were observed mainly in women. Socioeconomic inequalities in mental health problems, such as depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts, were profound for both genders and across SEP measures. Significant socioeconomic inequalities were also observed for subjective health. No or weak associations were observed for injury and HBV infection. The patterns of socioeconomic inequalities were similar among groups of health problems. Mental illnesses appeared to require prioritization of socioeconomic approaches for improvement in terms of absolute prevalence and relative socioeconomic distribution.
Blind Audio–Visual Localization and Separation via Low-Rank and Sparsity

The ability to localize visual objects that are associated with an audio source and at the same time to separate the audio signal is a cornerstone in audio–visual signal-processing applications. However, available methods mainly focus on localizing only the visual objects, without audio separation abilities. Besides that, these methods often rely on either laborious preprocessing steps to segment video frames into semantic regions, or additional supervisions to guide their localization. In this paper, we aim to address the problem of visual source localization and audio separation in an unsupervised manner and avoid all preprocessing or post-processing steps. To this end, we devise a novel structured matrix decomposition method that decomposes the data matrix of each modality as a superposition of three terms: 1) a low-rank matrix capturing the background information; 2) a sparse matrix capturing the correlated components among the two modalities and, hence, uncovering the sound source in visual modality and the associated sound in audio modality; and 3) a third sparse matrix accounting for uncorrelated components, such as distracting objects in visual modality and irrelevant sound in audio modality. The generality of the proposed method is demonstrated by applying it onto three applications, namely: 1) visual localization of a sound source; 2) visually assisted audio separation; and 3) active speaker detection. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method on these application domains.
Scheduling for Downlink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in Wi-Fi Networks1 The research was done at MIEM NRU HSE and supported by the Russian Science Foundation (agreement No 18-19-00580)

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a radio access technology that allows significantly improving network performance in scenarios with high heterogeneity. While being typically studied for cellular networks, NOMA can also be used in Wi-Fi networks. This paper proposes a scheduling approach for NOMA-aware resource scheduling in Wi-Fi. This approach is implemented to design NOMA-aware downlink schedulers which follow such wide-spread strategies as max-rate, proportional-fair and shortest-remaining-processing-time.
Simplified Attitude Determination Algorithm Using Accelerometer and Magnetometer with Extremely Low Execution Time

Accelerometer-magnetometer attitude determination is a common and vital medium processing technique in industrial robotics and consumer electronics. In this paper, we report a novel analytic attitude solution to the accelerometer-magnetometer combination in the sense of Wahba’s problem. The Davenport matrix is analytically given and its eigenvalues are computed. Through derivations, the eigenvalues are simplified to very short expressions. Then, the corresponding eigenvectors are given accordingly via matrix row operations. The system is highly optimized based on the factorization and simplification of the obtained row-echelon form, which makes it computationally fast in practice. In this way, it is named as the fast accelerometer-magnetometer combination (FAMC). Experiments on the correctness and advantages of the proposed solution are conducted. The results show that compared with conventional solutions, the proposed analytic solution is not only correct and accurate, but to our knowledge, the most time efficient as well.
Removal of Arsenic(III) from Aqueous Solution Using Metal Organic Framework-Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite

MIL-53(Al)-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites of different GO to MIL-53(Al) mass ratios (1% to 25% GO) were synthesized and tested for removal of arsenite (As(III)), which is a well-known groundwater contaminant. The properties of MIL-53(Al)-GO nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Batch experiments were performed on MIL-53(Al)-GO nanocomposites for As(III) adsorption in aqueous solutions to investigate adsorption kinetics and isotherm behavior under varying environmental conditions. The effects of solution pH (2 to 11), initial As(III) concentrations (10–110 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.2–3.0 g/L), and temperature (298–318 K) on As(III) adsorption were investigated. MIL-53(Al)-GO nanocomposites showed higher adsorption of As(III) than pristine MIL-53(Al) and GO individually. As (III) removal was optimized at a ratio of 3% GO in the MIL-53(Al)-GO nanocomposite, with an adsorption capacity of 65 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms followed pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. Overall, these results suggest that MIL-53(Al)-GO nanocomposite holds a significant promise for use in the remediation of As (III) from groundwater and other aqueous solutions.
Learning to Generate Corrective Patches using Neural Machine Translation

Bug fixing is generally a manually-intensive task. However, recent work has proposed the idea of automated program repair, which aims to repair (at least a subset of) bugs in different ways such as code mutation, etc. Following in the same line of work as automated bug repair, in this paper we aim to leverage past fixes to propose fixes of current/future bugs. Specifically, we propose Ratchet, a corrective patch generation system using neural machine translation. By learning corresponding pre-correction and post-correction code in past fixes with a neural sequence-to-sequence model, Ratchet is able to generate a fix code for a given bug-prone code query. We perform an empirical study with five open source projects, namely Ambari, Camel, Hadoop, Jetty and Wicket, to evaluate the effectiveness of Ratchet. Our findings show that Ratchet can generate syntactically valid statements 98.7% of the time, and achieve an F1-measure between 0.41-0.83 with respect to the actual fixes adopted in the code base. In addition, we perform a qualitative validation using 20 participants to see whether the generated statements can be helpful in correcting bugs. Our survey showed that Ratchet's output was considered to be helpful in fixing the bugs on many occasions, even if fix was not 100% correct.
Pharmacogenomics Education Improves Pharmacy Student Perceptions of Their Abilities and Roles in Its Use

Objective. To assess whether a required first-year course, Principles in Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, and integration into subsequent courses affected pharmacy students’ perceptions of pharmacogenomics. Methods. A survey was distributed to Professional Year (PY) 1 students during the first and last weeks of the course from 2014 to 2016. A follow-up survey was distributed to PY2, PY3, and PY4 students. Results. Respondents consistently agreed that pharmacogenomics is clinically relevant. After the course, PY1 students are more comfortable in their knowledge and role in the application of pharmacogenomics. Although their comfort reverts to some degree, PY2-PY4 students believe that they should be able to apply pharmacogenomics clinically. Most PY2-PY4 students indicate that later courses review pharmacogenomics. Conclusion. A required course in genetics and pharmacogenomics can promote a perception that pharmacists should have knowledge of, and be involved in the use of genetic information clinically. Inclusion of pharmacogenomic concepts in subsequent curricular components may help in maintaining these perceptions.
Artificial Reproductive Technology – A Risk Factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding vasoproliferative disease in premature babies. The presentation and course of ROP are determined by a complex interaction of a series of risk factors, including artificial reproductive technology (ART). AIM: To analyse and combine the information relating ART as an independent risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The article is systematic review and meta-analysis using RevMan 5. Pubmed, Scopus and Medline were searched for articles from 1990 to 2018. RESULTS: Studies suggest that ROP is observed more frequently in ART children. They are more likely to be premature and of low birth weight than those conceived naturally. Results vary from just a tendency to a five-fold increase in risk to develop ROP in ART babies. At the same time, they might develop ROP later, and more mature newborns might be affected. CONCLUSION: The data relating ART as a risk factor for ROP is inconclusive, but most studies show at least a tendency. The ART newborns need to be considered as a risk group for ROP and observed with greater suspicion. Even more mature ART newborns might need to be screened in order not to miss any significant pathology.