Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating crowd densities and pedestrian flows using wi-fi and bluetooth

The rapid deployment of smartphones as all-purpose mobile computing systems has led to a wide adoption of wireless communication systems such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth in mobile scenarios. Both communication systems leak information to the surroundings during operation. This information has been used for tracking and crowd density estimations in literature. However, an estimation of pedestrian flows has not yet been evaluated with respect to a known ground truth and, thus, a reliable adoption in real world scenarios is rather difficult. With this paper, we fill in this gap. Using ground truth provided by the security check process at a major German airport, we discuss the quality and feasibility of pedestrian flow estimations for both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth captures. We present and evaluate three approaches in order to improve the accuracy in comparison to a naive count of captured MAC addresses. Such counts only showed an impractical Pearson correlation of 0.53 for Bluetooth and 0.61 for Wi-Fi compared to ground truth. The presented extended approaches yield a superior correlation of 0.75 in best case. This indicates a strong correlation and an improvement of accuracy. Given these results, the presented approaches allow for a practical estimation of pedestrian flows.
Ameliorative effect of ginger extract against pathological alterations induced in mice bearing solid tumors.

This study was prepared to explore the effect of ginger extract in defeating the Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) injected subcutaneously in mice and induced solid tumour. After the solid tumour formation; the mice were classified into four groups (control, tumour untreated, ginger and ginger & tumour). Eight mice were grouped separately in each cage. Mice were killed and dissected at the end of this investigation; liver and kidney were removed for histopathological study. The biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, Urea, Creatinine, MDA, SOD and CAT) were measured in the sera of all tested groups. Ginger extract ameliorated the histological structures of both liver and kidney to be near to control, modulated the elevated values of (ALT, AST, Urea, Creatinine and MDA) and reduced values of (SOD and CAT) to record slightly normal readings. Tumour volumes reduced significantly and the destructed genomic DNA retained the normal pattern. Ginger has no pathological effects on control mice.
Structure and organization of interstitial cells of Cajal in the gastrointestinal tract

The morphological features of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are described based on observations of laboratory animals including mice, rats and guinea‐pigs, using immunohistochemical staining for Kit and electron microscopy. ICC show a specific distribution, arrangement and cell shape depending on their location within various regions and tissue layers of the GI tract. Hence they are classified into several subtypes. The stomach shows distinct regional variations in the distribution of subtypes of ICC from the cardia to pylorus, whereas the small intestine and colon both seem to retain nearly the same distribution pattern of subtypes of ICC throughout each organ. All subtypes of ICC share common ultrastructural features, such as the presence of numerous mitochondria, abundant intermediate filaments, and formation of gap junctions with the same type of cells and with smooth muscle cells. In addition, depending on their species and anatomical location, some subtypes of ICC show some features typical of smooth muscle cells including a basal lamina, caveolae, subsurface cisterns and dense bodies. ICC are somewhat heterogeneous morphologically. A question is raised on a special relationship between their ultrastructural features and dependency on Kit/stem cell factor system. As the neuromediator function of ICC, reciprocal distribution of ICC and gap junctions in the muscle coat is demonstrated by the comparison of Kit immunoreactive cells and gap junction protein connexin 43 in both small intestine and colon.
Arid1a inactivation in an Apc‐ and Pten‐defective mouse ovarian cancer model enhances epithelial differentiation and prolongs survival

Inactivation of the ARID1A tumour suppressor gene is frequent in ovarian endometrioid (OEC) and clear cell (OCCC) carcinomas, often in conjunction with mutations activating the PI3K–AKT and/or canonical Wnt signalling pathways. Prior work has shown that conditional bi‐allelic inactivation of the Apc and Pten tumour suppressor genes in the mouse ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) promotes outgrowth of tumours that reflect the biological behaviour and gene expression profiles of human OECs harbouring comparable Wnt and PI3K–AKT pathway defects, although the mouse tumours are more poorly differentiated than their human tumour counterparts. We found that conditional inactivation of one or both Arid1a alleles in OSE concurrently with Apc and Pten inactivation unexpectedly prolonged the survival of tumour‐bearing mice and promoted striking epithelial differentiation of the cancer cells, resulting in morphological features akin to those in human OECs. Enhanced epithelial differentiation was linked to reduced expression of the mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin and vimentin, and increased expression of the epithelial markers Crb3 and E‐cadherin. Global gene expression profiling showed enrichment for genes associated with mesenchymal–epithelial transition in the Arid1a‐deficient tumours. We also found that an activating (E545K) Pik3ca mutation, unlike Pten inactivation or Pik3ca H1047R mutation, cannot cooperate with Arid1a loss to promote ovarian cancer development in the mouse. Our results indicate that the Arid1a tumour suppressor gene has a key role in regulating OEC differentiation, and paradoxically the mouse cancers with more initiating tumour suppressor gene defects had a less aggressive phenotype than cancers arising from fewer gene alterations. Microarray data have been deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE67695). Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of Incident Major Osteoporotic and Hip Fractures by Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) and Prevalent Radiographic Vertebral Fracture in Older Men

Trabecular bone score (TBS) has been shown to predict major osteoporotic (clinical vertebral, hip, humerus, and wrist) and hip fractures in postmenopausal women and older men, but the association of TBS with these incident fractures in men independent of prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture is unknown. TBS was estimated on anteroposterior (AP) spine dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans obtained at the baseline visit for 5979 men aged ≥65 years enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study and its association with incident major osteoporotic and hip fractures estimated with proportional hazards models. Model discrimination was tested with Harrell's C‐statistic and with a categorical net reclassification improvement index, using 10‐year risk cutpoints of 20% for major osteoporotic and 3% for hip fractures. For each standard deviation decrease in TBS, there were hazard ratios of 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17 to 1.39) for major osteoporotic fracture, and 1.20 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.39) for hip fracture, adjusted for FRAX with bone mineral density (BMD) 10‐year fracture risks and prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture. In the same model, those with prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture compared with those without prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture had hazard ratios of 1.92 (95% CI 1.49 to 2.48) for major osteoporotic fracture and 1.86 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.74) for hip fracture. There were improvements of 3.3%, 5.2%, and 6.2%, respectively, of classification of major osteoporotic fracture cases when TBS, prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture status, or both were added to FRAX with BMD and age, with minimal loss of correct classification of non‐cases. Neither TBS nor prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture improved discrimination of hip fracture cases or non‐cases. In conclusion, TBS and prevalent radiographic vertebral fracture are associated with incident major osteoporotic fractures in older men independent of each other and FRAX 10‐year fracture risks, and these data support their use in conjunction with FRAX for fracture risk assessment in older men. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Nodal Auxiliary Space Preconditioning in H(curl) and H(div) Spaces

In this paper, we develop and analyze a general approach to preconditioning linear systems of equations arising from conforming finite element discretizations of H(curl, )- and H(div, )-elliptic variational problems. The preconditioners exclusively rely on solvers for discrete Poisson problems. We prove mesh-independent effectivity of the preconditioners by using the abstract theory of auxiliary space preconditioning. The main tools are discrete analogues of so-called regular decomposition results in the function spaces H(curl, ) and H(div, ). Our preconditioner for H(curl, ) is similar to an algorithm proposed in [R. Beck, Algebraic Multigrid by Component Splitting for Edge Elements on Simplicial Triangulations, Tech. rep. SC 99-40, ZIB, Berlin, Germany, 1999].
Numerical Comparison of Rushton Turbine and CD-6 Impeller in Non-Newtonian Fluid Stirred Tank

A computational fluid dynamics simulation is done for non-Newtonian fluid in a baffled stirred tank. The CMC solution is taken as non-Newtonian shear thinning fluid for simulation. The Reynolds Average Navier Stocks equation with steady state multi reference frame approach is used to simulate flow in the stirred tank. The turbulent flow field is modelled using realizable k-e turbulence model. The simulated velocity profiles of Rushton turbine is validated with literature data. Then, the simulated flow field of CD-6 impeller is compared with the Rushton turbine. The flow field generated by CD-6 impeller is less in magnitude than the Rushton turbine. The impeller global parameter, power number and flow number, and entropy generation due to viscous dissipation rate is also reported. Keywords—Computational fluid dynamics, non-Newtonian, Rushton turbine, CD-6 impeller, power number, flow number, viscous dissipation rate.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ANXIETY , DEPRESSION AND STRESS AMONG SURVIVORS OF SUICIDE BOMBING

I and children which created massive feelings of helplessness, insecurity, panic, stress, sadness, anger, fear and horror among the survivors and their dear ones. According to Moghaddam and Marsella (2004), terrorism is the force of violence that has pressurized, endangered and damaged people, governments, nations or perhaps civilizations over the past several years. Terrorism has killed, injured and permanently brutalized thousands of innocent people. Terrorist violence is always planned and is intended to produce fear in someone other than the victims as well. abdominal discomfort, dry mouth, rapid heartbeat or palpitations, inability to concentrate, shortness of Unfortunately, Pakistan has been the target for a series of suicide bombing attacks since 9/11. Important buildings and places in Lahore-the provincial capital city of Pakistanhave especially been targeted. The buildings occupied by Federal Investigation Agency, General Post Office and Lahore High Court were targeted by the suicide bombers in 2008 resulting in death and destruction of innocent men, women The prescnt research s~udied gender differences for anxiety, depression and stress among survivors of suicide bombings in Lahore, Pakistan. The sample consisted of 120 adult survivors of suicide bombings (79 men and 41 women) in the vicinity of buildings occupied by Federal Investigation Agency (FIA), General Post Office and Lahore High Court which were rocked by a series of suicide bombing. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond. 1995) was admini . •• tered to all the research participants. The results indicated significant gender differences in depression, anxiety and stress reported by the survivors of suicide bombings. The findings further suggested that female survivors scored higher on depression, anxiety and stress than their male counterparts. Furthennore, positive significant relationship was found between stress and depression, stress and anxiety, depression and anxiety. The findings of this research have implications for promoting our knowledge of gender related differences in anxiety, depression and stress among survivors of suicide bombings so that effective counseling and psychotherapeutic interventions could be introduced for the survivors of traumatic events. GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND STRESS AMONG SURVIVORS OF SUICIDE BOMBING
H 2 O 2 activates redox-and 4-aminopyridine-sensitive Kv channels in coronary vascular smooth muscle

Rogers PA, Chilian WM, Bratz IN, Bryan RM Jr, Dick GM. H2O2 activates redoxand 4-aminopyridine-sensitive Kv channels in coronary vascular smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292: H1404–H1411, 2007. First published October 27, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00696. 2006. —Previously, we demonstrated that coronary vasodilation in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is attenuated by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), an inhibitor of voltage-gated K (KV) channels. Using whole cell patch-clamp techniques, we tested the hypothesis that H2O2 increases K current in coronary artery smooth muscle cells. H2O2 increased K current in a concentration-dependent manner (increases of 14 3 and 43 4% at 0 mV with 1 and 10 mM H2O2, respectively). H2O2 increased a conductance that was half-activated at 18 1 mV and half-inactivated at 36 2 mV. H2O2 increased current amplitude; however, the voltages of half activation and inactivation were not altered. Dithiothreitol, a thiol reductant, reversed the effect of H2O2 on K current and significantly shifted the voltage of half-activation to 10 1 mV. N-ethylmaleimide, a thiol-alkylating agent, blocked the effect of H2O2 to increase K current. Neither tetraethylammonium (1 mM) nor iberiotoxin (100 nM), antagonists of Ca -activated K channels, blocked the effect of H2O2 to increase K current. In contrast, 3 mM 4-AP completely blocked the effect of H2O2 to increase K current. These findings lead us to conclude that H2O2 increases the activity of 4-AP-sensitive KV channels. Furthermore, our data support the idea that 4-AP-sensitive KV channels are redox sensitive and contribute to H2O2-induced coronary vasodilation.
Standardizing resistive indices in healthy pediatric transplant recipients of adult‐sized kidneys

Gholami S, Sarwal MM, Naesens M, Ringertz HG, Barth RA, Balise RR, Salvatierra O. Standardizing resistive indices in healthy pediatric transplant recipients of adult‐sized kidneys. Pediatr Transplantation 2010: 14: 126–131. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Retinotopic organization within the cat's posterior suprasylvian sulcus and gyrus

The organization of extrastriate visual areas of the cat's posterior suprasylvian sulcus and gyrus was studied with electrophysiological mapping methods. Analysis of retinotopic organization confirmed the presence of dorsal lateral and ventral lateral suprasylvian (DLS, VLS) visual areas (Palmer et al., '78, J. Comp. Neurol. 177:237‐256) and demonstrated new features of organization. Areas DLS and VLS occupy the upper two‐thirds of the posterior suprasylvian sulcus, with DLS wholly confined to the upper bank and VLS straddling the sulcal fundus. Both areas contain a partial representation of the lower quadrant of the visual field. A narrow strip of visually responsive cortex (periauditory belt) was identified adjoining DLS on the posterior ectosylvian gyrus; its organization and extent were not explored in detail.
Amplified response to phenobarbital promotion of hepatotumorigenesis in obese yellow Avy/A (C3H x VY) F-1 hybrid mice.

Mottled yellow Avy/A and agouti A/a (C3H x VY) F-1 hybrid male mice were fed untreated control diet or diet with a target dose of 500 p.p.m. sodium phenobarbital (PB) for 17-19 months. No differences in prevalence of hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas were found between untreated yellow and agouti mice. PB treatment increased prevalence of adenomas but decreased prevalence of carcinomas. No difference in enhancement of adenoma formation by PB was observed between yellow and agouti mice bearing single adenomas. However, the proportion of PB-treated yellow mice bearing multiple adenomas (66%) was much greater than the proportion of analogous agouti mice (18%). Fatty changes in the periportal area of the liver and focal cytoplasmic vacuolization were induced to a much greater extent in PB-treated yellow mice than among treated agoutis. PB increased the prevalence and severity of focal areas of chronic inflammation in the liver considerably more in agouti than in yellow mice. The possible relation of this finding to the altered immune responses of obese yellow mice remains to be determined. The results of this study suggest that the use of yellow Avy/A and agouti A/a (C3H x VY) F-1 hybrid mice in carcinogenicity assays make make it possible to differentiate between weak and strong promoters as well as between promoters and complete carcinogens. Weak promoters should induce hepatocellular adenomas in yellow mice even if they fail to do so in agouti mice. Promoting substances which act similarly to PB may be identified in this system by simultaneously increasing adenoma prevalence and decreasing carcinoma prevalence. Complete carcinogens should increase carcinoma prevalence in the yellow mice even at low dose levels.
Assessment of biological effectiveness of boron neutron capture therapy in primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines

Abstract Purpose: In order to optimize the effectiveness of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) and Compound Biological Effectiveness (CBE) were determined in two human melanoma cell lines, M8 and Mel-J cells, using the amino acid p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) as boron carrier. Materials and methods: The effects of BNCT on the primary amelanotic cell line M8 and on the metastatic pigmented melanoma cell line Mel-J were studied using colony formation assay. The RBE values were determined using both a gamma ray source, and the neutron beam from the Nuclear Reactor of the National Atomic Energy Commission (RA-3). For the determination of the RBE, cells were irradiated with increasing doses of both sources, between 1 and 8 Gy; and for the determination of CBE factors, the cells were pre-incubated with BPA before irradiation. Afterwards, the cell surviving fraction (SF) was determined for each treatment. Results: Marked differences were observed between both cell lines. Mel-J cells were more radioresistant than the M8 cell line. The clonogenic assays showed that for a SF of 1%, the RBE values were 1.3 for M8 cells and 1.5 for Mel-J cells. Similarly, the CBE values for a 1% SF were 2.1 for M8 and 3 for Mel-J cell lines. For the endpoint of 0.1% of SF the RBE values obtained were 1.2 for M8 and 1.4 for Mel-J cells. Finally, CBE values calculated for a 0.1% were 2 and 2.6 for M8 and Mel-J cell lines respectively. In order to estimate the uptake of the non-radioactive isotope Boron 10 (10B), a neutron induced autoradiographic technique was performed showing discrepancies in 10B uptake between both cell lines. Conclusions: These obtained in vitro results are the first effectiveness factors determined for human melanoma at the RA-3 nuclear reactor and show that BNCT dosimetry planning for patients could be successfully performed using these new factors.
Sexual functioning among breast cancer, gynecologic cancer, and healthy women.

An investigation was conducted to determine the specific type of sexual functioning deficits and the relationship between global sexual satisfaction and adjustment in two related life areas, the marital relationship and a woman’s body image, for two groups of cancer patients at high risk for sexual difficulties. Analyses revealed that the aspects of sexual functioning for matched samples of breast cancer patients and gynecologic cancer patients that differed from those of healthy women were the frequency of sexual behaviors and the level of sexual arousal. Whereas women’s evaluations of their current sexual life had no relationship to their marital adjustment ratings, analyses suggested that body image disruption may be a prevalent problem for gynecologic cancer patients.
The Rho Target PRK2 Regulates Apical Junction Formation in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

ABSTRACT Rho GTPases regulate multiple signaling pathways to control a number of cellular processes during epithelial morphogenesis. To investigate the downstream pathways through which Rho regulates epithelial apical junction formation, we screened a small interfering RNA (siRNA) library targeting 28 known Rho target proteins in 16HBE human bronchial epithelial cells. This led to the identification of the serine-threonine kinase PRK2 (protein kinase C-related kinase 2, also called PKN2). Depletion of PRK2 does not block the initial formation of primordial junctions at nascent cell-cell contacts but does prevent their maturation into apical junctions. PRK2 is recruited to primordial junctions, and this localization depends on its C2-like domain. Rho binding is essential for PRK2 function and also facilitates PRK2 recruitment to junctions. Kinase-dead PRK2 acts as a dominant-negative mutant and prevents apical junction formation. We conclude that PRK2 is recruited to nascent cell-cell contacts through its C2-like and Rho-binding domains and promotes junctional maturation through a kinase-dependent pathway.
Increased incidence of meningococcal disease in HIV-infected individuals associated with higher case-fatality ratios in South Africa

Objectives:We aimed to compare the incidence of meningococcal disease amongst HIV-infected and uninfected individuals and to evaluate whether HIV is a risk factor for mortality and bacteremia amongst patients with meningococcal disease. Design:Cohort surveillance study. Methods:We conducted laboratory-based surveillance for meningococcal disease in Gauteng Province, South Africa. HIV status and outcome data were obtained at sentinel sites. Incidence in HIV-infected and uninfected persons was calculated assuming a similar age-specific HIV prevalence in tested and untested individuals. Risk factors for death and bacteremia (as compared with meningitis) were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results:From 2003 to 2007, 1336 meningococcal cases were reported. Of 504 patients at sentinel sites with known outcome, 308 (61%) had HIV serostatus data. HIV prevalence amongst cases of meningococcal disease was higher than the population HIV prevalence in all age groups. The incidence of meningococcal disease in HIV-infected individuals was elevated in all age groups with an age-adjusted relative risk of 11.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.9–14.3, P < 0.001]. The case-fatality ratio (CFR) was 20% (27/138) amongst HIV-infected and 11% (18/170) amongst HIV-uninfected individuals [odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.9]. On multivariable analysis, CFR was greater amongst patients with bacteremia (35%, 29/82) compared with meningitis (7%, 16/226) (OR 7.8, 95% CI 3.4–17.7). HIV infection was associated with increased odds of bacteremia (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.5–5.0). Conclusion:HIV-infected individuals may be at increased risk of meningococcal disease. The increased CFR in HIV-infected patients may be explained by their increased odds of bacteremia compared to meningitis.