Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constraining the subgrid physics in simulations of isolated dwarf galaxies

Simulating dwarf galaxy haloes in a reionizing Universe puts severe constraints on the subgrid model employed in the simulations. Using the same subgrid model that works for simulations without a UV-background (UVB) results in gas-poor galaxies that stop forming stars very early on, except for haloes with high masses. This is in strong disagreement with observed galaxies, which are gas rich and star forming down to a much lower mass range. To resolve this discrepancy, we ran a large suite of isolated dwarf galaxy simulations to explore a wide variety of subgrid models and parameters, including timing and strength of the UVB, strength of the stellar feedback and metallicity-dependent Pop III feedback. We compared these simulations to observed dwarf galaxies by means of the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (BTFR), which links the baryonic content of a galaxy to the observationally determined strength of its gravitational potential. We found that the results are robust to changes in the UVB. The strength of the stellar feedback shifts the results on the BTFR, but does not help to form gas-rich galaxies at late redshifts. Only by including Pop III feedback are we able to produce galaxies that lie on the observational BTFR and that have neutral gas and ongoing star formation at redshift zero.
Improvement of the characterisation method of the Johnson-Cook model

This Master of Science thesis is realized for the Defence Research and Development for Canada (DRDC) Valcartier. In a military context, the capacity to characterise independently the material for numerical simulation is important for three reasons. First, the material used are not widely used as aeronautical and car industries material. Secondly, the material parameters militarily relevant are rarely published. Thirdly, the used of secretly developed alloys could prevent from its characterisation by an external entity. The aim of the present study is to allow the DRDC Valcartier to self-characterize ductile metals for their simulation with the model Johnson-Cook, proposed in [1] and [2]. To get to this point, the Johnson-Cook model is presented starting from the CDM theory. The characterization method proposed by Johnson and Cook in [1] and [2] is introduced. Then, the experimental tests and equipments are described. After what, the work is focused on the static parameters (A, B, n, D1, D2, and D3), since those parameters are predominant compared with others in damage mechanics [2], [16], and [27]. Few lacks are pointed out of the suggested method. Finally, an improvement of the static part of the characterization method is proposed and tested. This added part includes the used of the photogrammetry system ARAMIS to monitor the experimental tests and simulation of those tests with LS-Dyna.
Lean in healthcare: Engagement in development, job satisfaction or exhaustion?

Conclusions about implementing the management concept lean in healthcare are contradictory and longitudinal studies are scarce. In particular, little is known of how working conditions contribute to the sustainability of lean in healthcare. The aim of this article is to identify to what extent lean tools (visual follow-up boards, standardised work, 5S [housekeeping], and value stream mapping [VSM]) promote working conditions for employees and managers in healthcare organisations (outcomes: engagement in development, job satisfaction and exhaustion), while considering the context (i.e., job resources and job demands) and aspects of the implementation process. A longitudinal quantitative study was conducted that involved employees and managers in two hospitals and one municipality (n = 448). Applying the job demands-resources model, multiple linear regression models were used. VSM, standardised work and 5S promoted employees and managers’ working conditions when supported by job resources. When no support was provided, visual follow-up boards were inhibiting employees and managers’ job satisfaction. VSM and standardised work were seen as central lean tools. In this sample, the application of lean cannot be considered sustainable as employees and managers’ working conditions deteriorated under the implementation of lean.
Soil fertility, leaf nutrients and their relationship in kiwifruit orchards of China’s central Shaanxi province

ABSTRACT Understanding soil fertility and leaf nutrients provides the basis for optimizing fertilization for fruit crop production. However, for central Shaanxi province of China, the largest kiwifruit-producing region in the world, limited information is available on soil fertility and leaf nutrients of these orchards. Here, we assessed 17 soil fertility parameters and 12 leaf elements for 116 kiwifruit orchards in central Shaanxi. The investigated region included five locations: Zhouzhi, Mei, Yangling, Wugong and Qishan. The soils in this region had an average pH of 7.54 and exchangeable Ca of 5.68 g/kg, indicating that the soils were calcareous. Over a quarter of the orchards were deficient in soil organic matter. Although over 50% of the soils were excessive in NO3 –-N and over 25% both deficient and excessive in P and K, more than 65.0% of the orchards were deficient in leaf N, P and K, implying the low NPK use efficiency in central Shaanxi. Moreover, Cl and Zn deficiencies as well as Cu and Ca excesses were found in both soil and leaf diagnosis. Analysis of variance showed that, among the study locations, Zhouzhi was characterized by low soil pH, low soil/leaf Ca and high soil/leaf N, whereas Wugong was featured by high soil/leaf Na. Correlation analysis indicated that soil pH positively correlated with soil Ca, and both parameters negatively correlated with soil N, P, Fe, Mn, Cu and Cl (P < 0.01). Additionally, soil N, Ca, Mn and Cl positively correlated with the corresponding leaf elements (P < 0.001). These results could be used to guide the sustainable nutrient management of kiwifruit production in central Shaanxi.
Structural Properties of Nanoparticles TiO2/PVA Polymeric Films

In this research, X-ray diffraction of the powder (PVA polymer, titanium dioxide with two parti-cle sizes) and (TiO2 (15.7 nm)/PVA and TiO2 (45.7 nm)/PVA) films have been studied,the amount of polymer is (0.5) g and (0.01)g from each particle sizes of nanoparticles will be used. Casting method is used to prepare homogeneous films on glass petri dishes. All parameters ac-counted for the X-ray diffraction; full width half maximum (FWHM), Miller indices (hkl), size of crystalline (D), Specific Surface Area (S) and Dislocation Density (δ). The nature of the structural of materials and films will be investigated. The XRD pattern of PVA polymer has semi-crystalline nature and the titanium dioxide with two particle sizes have crystalline structure; ana-tase type. While the mixture between these materials led to appearing some crystalline peaks into XRD pattern of PVA polymer
Field Measurements for Quantifying Semi-Volatile Aerosol Influence on Physical and Optical Properties of Ambient Aerosols in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

ABSTRACT An intensive field campaign was conducted during the pre-monsoon season of 2015 in the urban atmosphere of the Kathmandu Valley to study the influence of the semi-volatile aerosol fraction on physical and optical properties of aerosols. Ambient air was siphoned through a specific ambient air inlet and then split into two parts. The first part connected directly with an ambient air sample while the second received the air sample through a thermodenuder (TDD). The aerosol properties, such as the aerosol number, size distribution, absorption, and scattering, were studied using Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs), Scanning Mobility Particle Sizers (SMPSs), Aethalometers (AE33) and Nephelometers, respectively. The differences in the properties of the aerosol fraction at room temperature and other TDD set temperatures (50°C, 100°C, 150°C, 200°C, 250°C, and 300°C) were calculated to study the influence of the semi-volatile aerosol fraction on ambient aerosols. The evaporated fraction of the semi-volatile aerosols increased with the TDD set temperature. The semi-volatile fraction of the aerosol number increased from 16% to 49% of ambient aerosol, while the peak mobility diameter of particles shifted from around 60 nm to 40 nm as the temperature increased from 50°C to 300°C. However, increasing the TDD set temperature had no influence on the effective diameter of the aerosol size distribution. Larger aerosol size bins of the SMPS experienced a significantly stronger influence (~70%) from temperature increments compared to smaller size bins (~20%). The semi-volatile aerosol fraction amplified BC absorption by up to 28%, while scattering by the semi-volatile aerosol fraction contributed up to 71% of the total.
Indexed Markov Chains for financial data: testing for the number of states of the index process

A new branch based on Markov processes is developing in the recent literature of financial time series modeling. In this paper, an Indexed Markov Chain has been used to model high frequency price returns of quoted firms. The peculiarity of this type of model is that through the introduction of an Index process it is possible to consider the market volatility endogenously and two very important stylized facts of financial time series can be taken into account: long memory and volatility clustering. In this paper, first we propose a method for the optimal determination of the state space of the Index process which is based on a change-point approach for Markov chains. Furthermore we provide an explicit formula for the probability distribution function of the first change of state of the index process. Results are illustrated with an application to intra-day prices of a quoted Italian firm from January $1^{st}$, 2007 to December $31^{st}$ 2010.
Sociodemographic and clinical profile of human milk donors and their infants in a model human milk bank: a descriptive cross-sectional study

Background: Human milk banking depends on donations and characterization of donors seems important. We aimed to determine prevalence of human milk donors and profile of regular donors and their infants.Methods: Cross-sectional study done on human milk donors in model HMB in tertiary NICU for six months. Donors who had donated for more than 30% of their hospital stay considered as regular donors. Their sociodemographic and clinical profile along with their infant status recorded from history, examination and health records.Results: Prevalence of Human milk donors in our HMB was 71.3% and that of regular donors was 27.08%. 616 eligible to donate. 234 regular donors included separating 382 defaulters. Excluding 17, 217 regular donors enrolled. Religious beliefs did not deter donation. 65.43% had school education. 90% donors belonged to middle socioeconomic class. Three fourths already had 2 living children. Majority delivered vaginally (62.67%) in health facility offering level II neonatal NICU care (42.86%). Regular donors stayed in hospital with their sick infants for mean (SD) period of 13 (4.21) days. Mean (SD) Post-natal age of commencement of milk donation among regular donors was 9 (3.47) days. Breast-feeding rate was 87.09%. Regular donors had delivered very low birth weight (42.86%), SGA (53.46%) infants who stayed in hospital for mean (SD) duration 18 (6.86) days.Conclusions: The prevalence of Human milk donors in our HMB was 71.3%. Only one third of them were regular donors. No religious barriers for donation observed. Educated socioeconomically secure multiparous donors made sustained donations. Health status and length of Postnatal stay in hospital of mothers and infants seemed to have a bearing on sustained donation.
The Return to Direct Investment in Private Firms: New Evidence on the Private Equity Premium Puzzle

This paper uses a novel dataset to analyze the return to direct investments in private firms by pension funds. We have two key findings. First, direct investments in private firms have underperformed public equity by 392 basis points per annum under conservative risk adjustments. Second, initial mispricing, due to over‐optimism or misperceived risk, and subsequent low capital gains seem to explain the gap in returns to private firms. Overall, these findings complement the finding of Moskowitz and Vissing‐Jorgensen (2002) of low returns on entrepreneurial investments and provide new insight into the existence of what they call the private equity premium puzzle: Even professional investors with well‐diversified portfolios like pension funds seem to get a poor risk‐return tradeoff from investing directly in private firms.
Voltage Dip Measurements along MV lines vs Primary Substations Measurements

The Italian MV networks voltage quality monitoring system has been collecting power quality data since 6 years by 600 instruments, 400 of which installed on HV/MV substations MV bus-bars and statistical representative of the network, the other 200 installed at some nodes of the MV lines (1). The paper is focused on the analysis of voltage dips monitored at some of the 200 measuring points considered more significant. The aims were to confirm, on a wider scale, the representativeness of the statistics gathered on the HV/MV stations MV bus-bars with respect to that expected along the MV lines and to investigate the events way of propagation along different voltage levels. The analysis has been performed by both statistical methods on real data and DIgSILENT 1 simulations. The possibility to get the MV network voltage dip performance along the lines by measurements at HV/MV stations level has been widely confirmed. Measurements at MV lines have also confirmed the percentages of probable HV origin voltage dips, evaluated at national and macro area levels. The voltage dips duration distributions have shown a good accordance with the typical tripping times of the HV and MV protection system.
From Strategic Planning to City Branding: Some Empirical Evidence in Italy

In a globalized world where places compete with each other, the image of the city plays a crucial role to attract tourists and investors, and to make citizens stay with satisfaction and avoid their moving away. By exploring the connections and implications between theory and empirical outcomes of some Italian cities as to its attractiveness for tourists and investors, this paper intends to offer a useful overview both for academicians and practitioners. The purpose is not only to go through the extensive literature on strategic planning place marketing and city branding, but to focus specifically on some Italian cases (Turin, Genoa, Venice, Piacenza), where the application of the above mentioned instruments has provided interesting results to compare.
Application possibilities of AFLP fingerprinting technique in maize DNA profiling and plant variety protection

As a contribution to DUS testing within the system of protection of plant breeders' rights (PBR), the AFLP molecular system has been used in this study to produce DNA fingerprinting profiles. DNA polymorphism and genetic distance of nine agronomicaly important maize genotypes has been investigated using the AFLP technique. Two specific adapters, two preselective primers and twenty selective primers were utilized for DNA amplification. The selective primers were GC rich, each having a 3-mer selective sequence at 3' termini. Ten double stranded primer combinations were made out of the twenty primers but only five of them turned out to be reliable. Out of 253 amplified DNA fragments, 177 were polymorphic (70%). The CGA/GAG (B) primer combination has proved to be the most polymorphic (44 polymorphic fragments have been recorded) revealing the polymorphism rate of 81.5%. Genotypes g1 and g7 were most distinct (GD=55% and GD=79%, respectively) and genotypes g1. g4 and g8 were closest (GD=55% in all cases). The paper discusses possible uses of AFLP DNA profiling technique to achieve a unique fingerprinting pattern of agronomicaly important maize genotypes.
The Effects of National Culture on Ethical Decision-Making in the Internet Context : An Exploratory Analysis

Abstract This paper analyzes the effects of national culture on an individual’s ethical decision-making in the context of the Internet. An ethical decision-making model which posits that five moral philosophy variables—justice, relativism, egoism, utilitarianism, and deontology— affect ethical judgment; ethical judgment, in turn, affects behavioral intention was proposed and Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions of power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation were used to analyze the effects of national culture on the model. The results showed that power distance, individualism, and masculinity had significant effects on the relationship between the deontology variable and ethical judgment, individualism, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance had significant effects on the relationship between the justice variable and ethical judgment, and individualism and long-term orientation had significant effects on the relationship between ethical judgment and behavioral intention in the Internet context.
Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococci and Escherichia coli in Meat Chicken Flocks During a Production Cycle and Egg Layer Pullets During Rearing

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and some enterococci are important zoonotic pathogens associated with poultry and some human illnesses. This study was conducted to evaluate the phenotypic antibiotic resistance and resistance genes during the production cycle of healthy free-range meat chickens and egg layer pullets raised in two different controlled farms in South Australia, in particular to determine at which point in the production cycle birds become colonized with antibiotic resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance was investigated in faecal E. coli (206) and enterococcal (252) isolates by agar dilution and polymerase chain reaction. Southern hybridization was carried on plasmids from selected multi-resistant E. coli isolates to determine the location of resistance genes. Our results revealed that birds are colonized with resistant bacteria encoding various resistance genes from a very early age. Resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline (and associated resistance genes) were the most frequently detected resistances in E. coli isolates from egg layer pullets and free-range meat chickens. Phenotypically resistant enterococcal isolates from 3-5 days old chickens carried genetic determinants for resistance to tetracycline, bacitracin and tylosin. Whilst statistical analysis revealed there was no significant differences (p<0.05) with the phenotypic resistance observed in the E. coli and enterococcal isolates from meat chickens and egg layer pullets, a significant difference was observed in resistant E. coli isolates containing blaTEM and tet genes. This study demonstrates that newly hatched chicks are already colonized with resistant bacteria which persist through the production cycle and can potentially contaminate eggs and chicken carcasses. This study also confirms that poultry are a potential source of pathogenic E. coli strains.
Hot ductility in Nb-bearing high-strength low-alloy steels.

The effect of Nb content in HSLA steels on hot ductility was investigated under various thermal cycles. The increase of Nb content was found to deteriorate hot ductility in all the thermal cycles investigated. The change in hot ductility with temperature gave rise to only one trough in the temperature region from 700 to 900°C, which covered the lower temperature region of the austenite (I), and the γ-α region (II). The strain concentration in the ferrite primarily reduced hot ductility in the region II, and the increase of Nb content reduced hot ductility remarkably in region I, where grain boundary precipitates such as Nb(CN) primarily controlled hot ductility. The latter fact was confirmed through the studies of fractography and reversibility of hot ductility behavior. The improvement of hot ductility in the Nb-bearing steels was shown to be attained by adoption of the thermal cycle corresponding to hot charging process of the ingot or the slab, and also by the decrease of N content or the addition of the small amount of Ti. Relation between hot ductility and hot deformation mechanism, such as dynamic recrystallization or grain boundary sliding, is discussed.
Electricity Generation from Low Temperature Sources

Power plants using conventional processes and unconventional fluids have a significant potential for the valorization of low and medium temperature renewable energy sources as well as waste heat from industrial, commercial or institutional installations. This review paper describes some prototypes of such power plants and summarizes some of the relevant scientific and technical literature. An analysis based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics and basic heat transfer relations is used to illustrate the operational limits and performance characteristics of these power plants.
Team Training and Transfer in Differing Contexts

Teams are used extensively in the workplace, and schools have been including teams in classroom learning. However, most theory-based learning research has focused on individuals. This research examined team-level knowledge acquisition and performance in two complex military tasks: An Unmanned Air Vehicle simulation and a peacekeeping simulation. Training occurred in co-located or distributed contexts, and testing occurred in the same or opposite context. Distributed performance was greater than for co-located teams. At initial transfer, all teams showed performance decrements but performance subsequently improved. Results for communication conditions (push-to-talk, no push-to-talk) revealed context effects at test, where using push-to-talk produced a greater decrement in performance. Improvements in both training and learning theory are suggested by identifying several variables that affect team performance. Key Terms: learning, training, transfer, team cognition, context
Numerical Evaluation of the Radar Cross Section of Human Breathing Models

─ In this paper, anatomical models of the human body are used to evaluate the radar cross section (RCS) of breathing subjects. The study is performed by using a self-developed finite difference time domain (FDTD) code implemented in the message passing interface environment (MPI). The realized models represent three different phases of the breathing activity taking into account the respiration physiology and the pulmonary mechanics. In particular, the end expiration phase (resting state), the end of a normal inspiration phase (tidal), and the end of a deep inspiration phase (deep) were considered. Computed results show RCS values of the resting state model in agreement with literature data, and appreciable variations of the RCS determined by the breathing activity. Simulations performed with homogeneous body models suggest that these differences depend both on the model anatomy and on the tissue dielectric properties. Index Terms ─ Breathing models, electromagnetic scattering, radar cross section.
Antarctic Bottom Water production from the Vincennes Bay Polynya, East Antarctica

One year moorings at depths greater than 3000 m on the continental slope off Vincennes Bay, East Antarctica, reveal the cold (<−0.5°C) and fresh (<34.64) signals of newly formed Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). The signal appeared in June, 3 months after the onset of active sea‐ice production in the nearby Vincennes Bay Polynya (VBP). The AABW signal continued for about 5 months at two moorings, with 1 month delay at the western site further downstream. Ship‐based hydrographic data are in agreement, detecting the westward spread of new AABW over the continental slope from VBP. On the continental shelf, Dense Shelf Water (DSW) formation is observed by instrumented seals, in and around the VBP during autumn, and we estimate its transport to be 0.16 ± 0.07 (× 106m3s−1). We conclude that the DSW formed in this region, albeit from a modest amount of sea‐ice production, nonetheless contributes to the upper layer of AABW in Australian‐Antarctic Basin.